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ҳǵСʦ
ߣ̫׺ܰ
İ
鲡СʦXСͽڹ
ˣһС˵ǵСʦ
ž鷢չɫڿǰ£̵ļ仰޹ɱҰ
ɱԼıͽʱҲһŭԵģÿÿ۸µʱҲֻͷСͽ񫣬ھĲˡ
ദ֮Уֵ鷢ˣСͽûɱԼԼ飬ȻǷˣĲ䲻ὣҲֻܱڴ۸
һˣʲôˣԭϲǿƭ˵ġ
Сÿ춼ŶȻСҲܺãƵ
ݱǩ ֮  
ؼ֣ǣ  ǣ  
һ仰飺һֻСʦճ²
⣺
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1 
Ρ
ˮ
ŶߴˮЩɻҪۣƤǱһô
һһϮֻԼӱʲôŵȥײڵ洫һʹͬʱһɱϢ˳źƤͷ󻺻Ѵš
䡣
̫ϢЩɢ˼£һЩҪȴȻڵ档
Сʦ𡣡
Ҳʱߴ˵͵͵ɤϵĶ߻š
˭˵
Ҫۿ˵˭ǰһƬڰҪȴǺް취Ҳֻܹɵ˲ϵػš
Ƭ̱ʧˣΪ뿪ˣһصĴϢȵϢĶϣ֮һСʦɻ
Ϣ˺һʧҲʱһŻϢҲϢЩʵҪתͷܿӾǱһ㶯ãֻǹϢ˺С
ͬʱҲΪĶճЩܵر˿ڣͱſ죬ȵҺ˳ԴԴϵӿ˺ͷĵϢҪȫ³򢱻̧Ҳʶ佫еճҺȥ
ȿȡ
̫ģϢֵÿʼҲʱۣ㱼ƼǰһѹϣԼܹӡ
ǣҲֻиʱˡ
ٴδˣ˵ˣʱŷԭ֮ǰСʦҲˡ
ֻ˿еȴǲ֪˭
ֹƬ̣ע⵽Լӱ˷Ժ˫ҲʱһЩǽǰ˸ˡ
ͼԼǰ˰ڵ棬īɫĳɢһϮ֮ϣķкƲһ̲ˮ¶־
ֻһ˫ȴ˺˪žЩˡ
һ֮УƼǰ۽һ룬ʶֱҪȥָֻŸ˵ѣӾͱֱˤ˵档
ӵشˡͨһ죬Ҳһת֮п˵棬ʹü
˭ң
ִһȣһע⵽ʲôԼϣȥʱ˺һ°ڣͷˮ
˭ӣ˭
ɻ֮УҪȥѯʣֻǶһ±û۵
ҲʱƼԼָѪˮʺѪҺв˲졣
ҲôѪѪɫҲһ
ѪˮԼڶʮʱΪѪ񻯶ڲϣʲô״
ԼѪѪɫҲǰѪеĵɫԼôˣ
ͷˮ֮ܣΧûϤĹҲûϤĹˣеֻһ˰ɫɽ
ûĹԼ
İĻʶԼĹ԰ͷ
ɻŬسȻͿԼɢǰīɫ΢΢һ㶡
ɻȴֱ˸סˣҲԼĳתƵϣע⵽ǰһϮʱƬ̡
ͷ
ûмôѧΪСʦΪܻڣ
ŭĶУĻȴǲ⣬ǸСʦ˭
Ҫѯʱȴٴˤ˵ϣײڵ۵߳
ۡ
ʹҲһЩٿǰŹװųʱֻŭض޹Ƶκ˶⣬οԼʲôط֪ˡ
Ƽͷʱȴ˵òˣһ˫Щ޴ҪȥקԼѣҲʱԼȻһѶûдڿ㶼ûУûæסԼ
һƼԶɢİʱҪȥȡֻǲжȥ־ͱһŲ˵棬ָ⴫Ĵʹɫ԰
ʹ
ʮָģһŲȵЩȥ
Ҳ䴩Сʦѣ
ЦѾ۵ôˣǱҧüѪ
ֲ֮¶һЩ۵Ӷʼҽг
Сʦ˭ҲʶʲôСʦֻ֪ҵҪˣ
һֱѾȳ˺ۡ
Ǻ̫ңջ˶ɿڵϵʱȻһƬ⡣
ò׽ѵæԼţȻ۵
Ƭ̣Ʋ˿ȴȫ¾ͺƱñӳһ㣬۵ʼжˮۣ˳۽ǻ˵棬űЩ
޵ʱˡ
Цһע⵽Լ򢱻̧ҲתƵϣֻ˫ķʱЩŵòҶҲΪ̶ҧѪģ
һ̣Ĵ걻ָḧţѪҲĶ±Ĩȥˡ
ע⵽һĻеˮֹסˣȻôǰˡ
վǰͷע⵽ˣŭ⣬еĶһЩѪˮٴδĴͷ˳
ް˭ͣˣ
ĦҲһμˣֱӽĴǸһѪۣѪ˳ָٻ˵档
ǵʹϮһʹֵüֲ˿ڵλñţ۵ñˣЩˮķܿΪʹ
СʦСʦ𡣡
͵͵Ļһ˫ˮǰˣʹʹǰһƬ磬ҪѣӱǯȴǶá
ЩħغԴԴϵشѾǵСʦٻˣֻ֪ǰͷ˾ħһ
ۣ
͵͵ʹĺд˵ڵĻȴ˻ƵֱεúܸɤӴ
еˮͬˮһԴԴϵָͷһίģ
ŵűԼµˣΪʹ޳ģע⵽е޴ʱסˡ
ѾΣǵ˵Ȼٴγˣָⶼ΢΢һŵͳɤ˵
ϲʲôζʳ
ǿѹͷļ¶ǿԼƽɺܿͿĴ䶯һЩǳǳĻſһͬĶС
ģֻǼ򵥵֣еɢȡ֮ıů⣬Ƭ֮ƲסеϲЦ
ЩʹĴҲмʹʱЦˮؿǰˣǲ⡣
Ҳһ̣ӱ§ĻУůܿӿѴܺš
Сʦ𡣡
һǳǳĺĻͷֹסᣬԽԽˡ
һֱǰ˻ŵСʦ𾿾˭
Ҳʱ󱳴ָµĴӶƶһЩֻƶȴӲƣֻĻǰḧš
Сʦڻˡ
֪ôʱ򣬾ѴһδЦĻ̲ס̧ͷȥеѾʧֻů⡣
ͻˣ֪ǰ˵ô£ŻһҪŪԼģڲһת̬ȡ
ԣСʦ𵽵˭
ǰͲס棬˻Ƶɤ˵
Сʦ𡤡˭ȡ
˵֮־úɬЩܵĸţÿһοԶ۵ü
ȹ֮һα̧ͷƼḧԼգֲѪնһһȥֻůָ⡣
СʦȻСʦͽһ˵Сʦ̫ˣͽʹСʦصȥ
ȾЦĻ£һƼԼһصˡꡪ
Ҳʱע⵽ԼȻһƽ̨֮ϣǲϾҲһ˫ȾŲǰˡ
ҪѯʱǰȴһƬɫͿԼӱðסˣһ˴ѱ
ǰİŻͷů㣬ɻ
˵˭Ķ
лҪ˵СʦѾһģϣҪ(*^^*)
ġ˸ɵ˵桷
΢Ԫ˷ҹﶳˣڤһ书ԲֻصôϡͿķˣ˷һڵСһһԿ׾͸ˡ
Ÿյ΢ûʽξͱϵ˸ˣ˳˳úÿһ֪˵Լ꣬΢һɵ˼ͷ
΢ԼɵˣСɵʲôԣû΢ӹýͰ͡
һɼҶ˻;нӱÿԣֵÿλɼһʣͷ
һ΢̲סɵͷԼǰɵɵģʡ
΢ɵͷʶ
ɵͷҡҡͷҶˡ
֮΢ͽɵͷͷҲ΢СΪС񣬻ǹС


2 
˵˭Ķ
ͷɻ󣬿̧ͷʱҲֻܿԼϵİѣҪȥȴûа취ˡ
Ƭ̺ע⵽ǰ࣬й͸У˫㴫ѾɽҪǰȴ֪
ȵȡʱ۵յٱۣ˺һЩӦۣ۾Ϳǰͷˡ
ǰֻǶԼҲ˵һԻ
˰Ҳû˵ĴԼڵλãԼһɫͷµİڼθסŵ˷Ǹ
ĵӵģ
⴦İĵطҲֻ뵽װӾˣֻԼĪôᵽأǰ˺ʶԼ⵽ʲô
ͷˮ֮ʣԼķ˿Ҳ§ǰһЩʶ㽫Ŀϡ
Сʦͽþãڻˡ
͵͵ĻЦ⴫˵ˣز
˭𣿿Ҳʶ㰡
㡤˭
뵽ԼʶʲôĵӵǣǱѯš
ֻǻԼɤɳƵŻֻ֣ú
֮󻹾Щۣͺ˵Ƭڹĺһ㣬۵ü
ֻĻ˵ڣŻԼ˿ȴͻȻת˷סԼĲӣȵĴϮɴ˫𾪵ؿǰˡ
ҲͬʱԼĶߣֻΪҪʲôˣ
Ӳж˫Լӵȴʹֻͣͷ΢
ͽССʦҪţĪҪˡ
ŶߴīɫĳɢԼձϣůӭһЩ⡣

˭
򵥵֣ЩϤʶʼԼǸͻԺѰϤ֡
Ƭ̺Ѱôֻ֣ǸԼĹһͬһС˵ǣܲ˾С˵ǰɡ
˾ԲԼԺеǸʱȴִֻ˵
ͽǡ콣ʦ
ֻǶ̶ֶ̼ѣȴúƹһ㣬һ˫в𾪡
콣ʦ
С˵Ҳ콣ʦѵԼˣǴһС˵ͷ
뵽ԼϡͿܵС˵ˣɵþⱾڣС˵һؤһ·ҳΪݴ½һ˵Ĺ¡
Ҳݴ½ѵһţʮͳ콣ʦнʿ֮ΪϽ˳֮Ϊڵһˡ
ΪⱾģһϧǰ
ǰҲͬ콣ʦλãͬǰһȾһһǷʦ𣬶λʦΪ콣ʦ֮㽫޹Ƴɵҩˡ
ܿλʦԳΪ콣ʦλʦ֮ǣǽץٽͬķ˹Űˣ󻹽ȥ˻ҰιҰ
뵽Щͷֻۣͷۺ뵽һֱԼСʦĪԼʦӡ
ʶԼܵǸԼͬͬյʦʱʶҪܣӱţӶӲˡ
ѵԼ㵹ùǸвռ˼仰ʦԼ˱˺ڹ
һΣһΣԽôķһΡ
ٱۣǿԼ˯ţֻҪ˯ԼһĹ԰
ֻԼΣʵȴݺݳһ⣬Ϊĺ֮Ҫһ㡣
Сʦʲôأóˡ
Ҳͬʱٴδŵۡ
ɻӾͱһͬ˱ͷڸϵİҲ˳ƻ˴ϣ¶°ӡ
˵𣿡
͵͵ѹЩΪӱţֻܲԴڱͷ
˵ʲô˵Ҵʦ
ſң
ҪĻѳȥ˻ûѣ˫ȴŹʣȫܶ
ſҲ㡤ʦ
֧֧ؿ˵ţɤȴ۵ü˫ŬƾһȴŰ˷ȫܵش
ʲôҵСʦͽþãСʦڻˡ
˵Ц֮֮ҧµľͷһǳǳĺۼ
ʹƶҪ㿪ǰ˾ǰԼһ㣬Լζ㣬ӣǴʹǲϵش
Ƭ̺Щˣ˫ͷȾ˾⣬ŸΪشš
ô°ΪʲôһǷ
ϵͷʱע⵽Լȱ̧Źֱ۱ϣ˳ֵƣЩȥ
㡤Ҫʲô
֪˾ҪʲôǱŵò壬ɽͻзˡ
֮£ע⵽Լ§ȫ뵽˱ͷ۱ɢڱϵīͷǺ¡
˾Ҫʲôѵ׼ѹԼԼǰз
뵽ԼᱻѹͷίԼôôù˴鴩ԽǴ󸻴ǴٹˣôԼͱǵʦ𣬻ǱǼǺ޵ʦ
ţԽӾˣΪӱѹôǿסǹѣ˹ȥ
ֻιȥǰȴԼĶ˵Ż˵ãһҲûȥ
Ѿǵڶˡ
ʱݶͷɴƮֲ֮˿ܣİĻЩز
Ķ
Ĵ鿴ʱƼڴ齱ϵֻһԺпӿ֮ǰ飬ҲͬʱԼ

ʶԽԼǴˣܵǵʦϣʶҪߡ
Ӿͱ§ĻУůϮȫӿıϢ䣬ŵڶˡ
ȥĶ
ٴδע⵽ԼĲֱסˣٱۣһὫԼĲӸšˡ
ĲҴ˵Ļͷ˶ԼռŵӺ֮ǣʱᱻȡС

ŵͷźûеˣǺҲû˻
Сʦͽôã㻹ȥĶ
ѯʵٴδˣϵҲһЩоԼӶΪѣˡ
ҪɱԼ
뵽˾ԻɱԼίԼʲôûԼǸġ
ҡҲ㡤ʦĲǣ
еҪԷ֪Լ飬ҪԷ֪ԼͲʦ𣬿Ļδ˵ͱ죬еĻȫѹص˺С
뺦ռееˮҲӵز
ˣҪˣ
Ϊ˻ᶯɱԼʱȴǳǳЦЦ֮˵
ԣͽСʦ»Ī˵Щ뻰ͽģ֪𣿡
һ֪ŵҲԼǴ黹ʲô߰ģֻ֪ͷӦþͻᱻšϲӣٵͷƲֶ˺üزͣ¡
ˣıˡ
һ§ŵӲŵɣȻǲҶںͷײʱŵһ¡
֮ӾͱĻУǰðŰ̵Ĵ룬ϸһͷʢŵǰࡣ
ŸվһʱҲ²͸˼ҲͲſȥĶ
ģû¶ͽģСʦ㳢
˵ȡһӵݵĴߡ
Ļֿߵİ࣬С̧ͷȥǰˣͷЦȫȻûзǸҪɱԼģһ
֮ᵽǰζ˿ҧȥŴܺóԡ
ҽԺסʮ꣬ǵһγԵóԵİֻ࣬ɲҽ˵Լ˵˻˲ˣҲֻܹԹԵغˡ
ܿ죬һͼ˵ףע⵽һĻʱֻЩΣԼȻ඼ˣʶĿ˱ϲȥǰˡ
ֻһ򢱻̧ͷĿҲ˳ϣƯģһʱ侹Ȼ
ԭ콣ʦÿЩ֣ƢҲܲ
˼ʱָڲţջ˼ƼԼǣֱ̧Ҫȥӡ
ƼĿʱŵÿ˻ȥ
СʦӻЩʱ磬СʦЪͽڴȥס
£㱻Ż˱ͷƬ̺뿪ˡ
ڱеűϵ̽ͷȥƣȻ뿪ˣһ
֮һЩ⣬ڱͷ˯˹ȥ
⸱ʵ̫ˣǱһھѾ۵öˣ˲ˣҲܺúЪЪԼô졣
ֻ˯ȥԴЩԺȴֱƿˣֻΪȥҲûȥ
ǳǳĽŲӵһ·˴߲ͣ£վڴߺһûгֻһɻҪ̽ȥȴˡ
˭
ֻŶߵŷ˲ۡ
лҪ˵ţ3Ũq


3 
ۺվڴ齱ϵһŻŮӣĿԼǲ⡣
˭ΪʲôΪʲôιԶ㵽˭
Ůӵһʼɻ֮ȣľƬ̡
뿪ڽһɻδȴקˤ˵棬ǰһƬתһˤ˵ϣ֮ûˤñȥ
Ϊʲôĸ㵽˭
ٴδĺͣǷôһˤ˵˸ǽˡ
ֱ֮һŲؿڣ۵ǰһڣһѪˮӿ˳
ҪӿѪˮȥ㱻һײǽ棬ײǽ۵˱
ȿȡ
ѾӿѪˮʱҲΪôһſ˳Щܵؿڵš
ȹ֮˵ǿѪˣȻǲԼѪ
㵽˭
͵͵ѯٴδŮߵԼǰǰ˫ѥʶ뵽˷ŵţûҪӱƶһЩ
Ȼ֪ԼӳҲۣżֱǰԼˡ
ԼʲôôŴҪзô°
ͷһ˵ţȴ仰˵ؿ۵þͺͻһ
ȿȡ
һ֮£Ѫˮһ˳Ƚϵһ ˵ҪһЩȻǴĿġ
Ϊʲô˵ǲװǲǹơ
Ů˵ٿ˵ţǶû˳ֽ֣Ŀϡ
ڱֻԼѪⰲʲô˭װѪҶʹһװ
Լˣ˿ȥ粵⿴ڻŮӵͷȴһװһǻŮӽϵĲˤʱûȥ
ȻȥһЩɱȻǱ࣬۵ҪȥңΪĺۡ
ίռͷֵᣬŴһͲκз
վڱϵĻŮӿΪʹʱһֿϻðĲˮز
裬衤ǲŵģǲǹģ
ҽԼϣǱѰŽڽеĹƵϣҪˡ
еĹƳȥһжĴЩµʱ򶼾ǶԵģҴ˵ıĿԼǶԵġ
϶ǹģԹݺңߣ
Ů˵һţֱĿڴ
еһЩǰһ󷢺ڣûιȥˡ
һЩ֮סȻע⵽Ů˵ĻְְֻԲǸ񾭲ԼģҲԼõģԼ⼸ҲԼֵģô˵ҹģûëɡ
뵽Щ뽫ȥԺƣ֢
ֺҲ֮ʣǰȴһɻ֮п˹ȥһŵɴۣû뵽һֻ֡
ͬʱߴһҽ̧ͷȥͼǻŮӵֱնˣŵµ־ġ
ʺѪˮɢţһЩϣѪζȴƶӱ϶ȥ
⣡
ҲʱӱһůĻУůӭܣ֮Ϥˡ
ԣûˣûˡ
ŵǴʱע⵽Լûü̧ͷͿǰŮѾ˵ϣѪϵشͷӿ˳ЩĿġ
ߵĲҽԴԴϵشŵֻԼûֵŮʶƲͷ

ˣŵ̯ѪԼ½ӡеԽˡ
ûУûУⶼĹƣƵģңҡ
ʧǰͷһ̱һӽŮӴˤߣֻ顪һ죬ײϣʱ³һѪ
ġûС
͵͵Ůӻڲϵ˵ţͲر⣬ͷ⡣
ƽ㣬ٽ󣬲ǿ㸸Щְˣɽ㾹ȻҶҵСʦҿǻ̫öôдˣ
ͳɤ޾ĺ⴫ŻŮ翴һ㣬Ҳ˲両һƬ⣬һб˪
ҪҴˣĴˣҪɱ
ŮӹڵϲϵģĺˣĲóںӦ뿪͵͵ڣĲӦãĲӦã
ûкҩΪѾˣҲˣҪٵıŭ⡣
Ҳʱָϳһָͬǰ㳤̵ϸ𾪵Ŀ¿ϮȥƬ֮ĺ
ԴҲʧɲǼŮӵĲϹֻһ󡰹ࡪǿԴıϡ
һֱ۵Ҳע⵽Ķʱ㿴Ůӵɴ˫ͷ˾֡
ôһԴλεľԼıϣŵòûιȥںƽʹһֱסҽԺﵫҲûмնףƼ˾ȻԼıϣŵˡ
ˣ
ŵֻ֮ԼӶǰһƬģʱιȥ
ûˣͽãͽýСʦһ²¡
ŵµʱ򣬶ȴһͺŽҵ˼˻ס
סֵȥϵǿͷһֱԼЩŵýԴĻУϵůŰһЩͷȴʼֹ߶š
ֲɱģ㶢ʲô
ԩͷծͽȥɣ˵ظ״ʱҪ֤ҿ԰֤ǧҰҲܺߡ
ͷϵֹţŮӻữΪѰԼ
Ҳʱӱ̧űԼˣ֪ҪʲôҲҿڣԼһ˵ʲôҲ촦
뵽ŮӷŻԼǰԲת۾촦ˣǲǰλͽˣ޲ýţ˵ͽһþͲɱԼˡ
ŹŹš
ţͲȻϰˡ
˼֮ʣѾų˵ãֻͷվż̴ӡ
ͷϳȥι
ͳĻŹ˹ȫǾιŵӶ
ĲǶ˵Ĳ
ȻͱһΪ޵ͷɴʣɴڵ档
ڵİ¯ͷȾŵѬ㣬ͼ̻Ʈ޵֮С
ںƼǰͷĴ齣ΪԼᱻڴϣһתȴֱȥ˺
ʱͷһůأűǾ£Ҳʱע⵽ԭҪϴ衣
ڳرʱƼˮƮĻ꣬ɵü
ֲŮˣϴôҪŻ꣬ͽǹζͦŵģѵÿϴݳģҲҲζɡ
뵽ЩʶȥԼӣȴŵһѪζʱʶո˵ѪԼˡ
һƼˮУűһˮ
ϴͽˮʲôѲҪһϴ
вУͽʱ̶ɱԼȥˣֱӱˮͷԲУûأô˵Ҳô͹˰ɡ
ô͹ǻæӱҪůأΪ̫Ϊ֮ǰ˱˶ӺܿʧһűˤˮС
Сʦ𣡡
ߴޱߵĳˮӿкܿȥе
ֻˮ棬Ҫůˮӿ䣬ʹǰһЩʹȥ
죬ҪԼ
᲻̫˰
ˮʶҪӾͺͱˮһȴ޷ֻˮĹԼԽԽԶ
ΪԼҪڳˮͷʱӱſٳˮ棬ϢɲǼ˷βĴԶһЩ
պգЩǰȥظ֤ȥˡ
ȿȿȡ
֮ıһٿԣЩܵؿϲϵؿţͺҪͷȫȳһ㣬űЩ
ͽͽá
ŲϿԵ۵һ˫ĸı˳ԼĪ˺һŽֹס˿ԡ
ƼѾٿˣűůر߿һЩһδع֮ʳϵѣֻ˺һ졣
ѱ˺ɲǣһο
лҪ˵ţ3Ũq


4 
ȿȡ
Լ˺£סԼЩѵĿš
ͽͽ˺ʲôҲɡ
㡪ȡ
ҪӣֻǺͷǰ仰Ҳ˵ֻܷӿš
ôȳ
һֱҲͣ˼ѵĶֲϵ˳ֻ˳˺һǿȵЩ۵ü
˺һſֹס˿ԣЩſϡ
ӻǺС˵һһë
ǱˮǺһûѷζȳˡ
һͿ˷ʬЩˣҲůͷů⣬ֻ֮ſһһ˿⣬һԴļͷ۾Ҫ˯ȥ
Լһ˯ȥͻᱻͽǿԼۡ
ϴ˯
һ˿⣬ǳЦָ˸ıŵĶ˵š
ǲͷԼ˼
ûã԰˯ˡ
ԹԵĵ˵ͷȻЩĵľ߲˲Ѱһʵλãű˯˹ȥ
ֻ˯Щ̤ʵĦڶ߲ϵشֻЩʶůλÿһЩ
һоůˮ˵λãЩ۵ü
ۡ
˻Ƶ۵ۡ
ͽΪʦ
Ķۣ𣿡
ľʶͣϴӵ֣Ѱ˺۵λá
Ƭ֮䣬ͿԼСʦֱһ̲Ѫɫ϶УžǱ˵ģ
˵ģ
˵һ˿˿ŭ⡣
Ϊ»ֽŭȥˣͬʱϴĶҲһЩܿ˵λá
ңСʦҿҲͷˡ
ֻҪСʦۣԼļⶼ۵֪ĻΪ˵
ЩůůģܿſԼͽ˯˹ȥ
ȵ뿪ʱѾǰʱˣ˱ŷڴȡΪϣŽ˷˱ͷ
ǳǳĺ޵ͷصڱϾôţżḧɢߵī
һ޵űƿͷһСŮ
ʦҩʦࡣ
СŮͷϵİСƿݵǰ
ֽӹͽˣȻŽĿ˱˯ϡ
СʦҩҩʦģԲһ̺ۡ
СʦӵȻҪװ׾ģһ˰̶ţȻСʦһ֡
ǰСʦΪԼڱµһ˺ۿ˺þãŸջֱϾˣض
ЩЦ
Ц֮Žƿӷ˴ߣֽͷ˱˳˰ſŷԼϡ
ֻоԼӱתſһůϣָ£Щĵ˯š
һ̾͸оԼЩ⣬ü
ü֮ͷɵʣ΢΢š
Ϊ˱쵲ȥû˵λãȡҩƿͷĸҩճһЩͿֱϡ
䣬䰡
˯еֻԼĺҪϵһ㣬Ǳ˱ͷһʴš
յʶס˷˿ߵѣֱѶҲûɿ
ԣͿϺǻЩ䣬Ƕ˺Ч
ڲ˶ڲʱָĶһЩȻǽЩҩȫͿȥ
ͿҩҲҸѣǾô§ӿڴߡ
ָЩСĸıϣܹΪӡ
ʦ
ʱͷ˵͵͵Ĵ
ЩõĿűߣֽܿǹӲö
俴Ѿ˯СʦЦһīŽ˱Ų˱ͷ
Сʦͽһͻ
˵󣬱ͷ˾һӦţǵһĨЦ⣬һ޵
⣬붡ĸվͷ
ʦ
ڼ޵ʱ˵һࡣ
Ѱˣ
˵Ϳ̴ӵ˵ͷһЦ
ԼûȥѰأҵ˾ȻˣȻҲͱȥˡ
첽̨׳ŸȥϵˮĶ˳ĵĸ֡
˵ʱ򣬾ͿվˣֱҳﺬЦ
·˵ʱһۣͿ첽ߵλ˵棬īɫĳĶ˳ָ⻬˸αϡ
Ӳſ˰ϣָ򢴦һ˫վͷˡ
ʦ㽫Сˣ
Цһڸλϵŭ˳һ޲ǰ˵ģ
Ц޴ŭ⣬վһﺬȴֱ࣬㽫౩ߵЦѹŹĿǰͷˡ
ﺬʦǰٽֻǵջδȥЦٽ󴳻ӻãʦʦܹһ濴СķĪҪ
һ˵ĶвûκεĲĶȴǲá
ֻӲûй¶ǳǳЦЦЦȴδ۵ס
Ц֮˲Ŀ³ͷ˻֡
վͷıָת뿪ٻʱ϶һ⣬ԼƼͷżī
λӣʦġ
ݵﺬУһ̱Ƴ⡣
ʦǺ⣿
ﺬϵ⣬ⱻĺ飬ͷһЩǣͬü顣
ȳ⣬ﺬǲ⣬ΪʲôʦԼһ⡣
ǲѰô˸ģϲˡ
һãģָƬ̺ŵ˵š
ﺬĻٴοϵ⣬΢΢һָһˤ˵ϣˡ顪һ졣
Ƭͷ˳ʺѪˮҲܿﺬĽ¡
ǡǡ
Ц̯⣬ͷһָ֧֧ͷָûб飬ǹƼһ㡣
ָϵǸ̥Ǿôλε¶˵ǰǶ䱻¼Ժͷ̥ȴһС
Ż
ЦϳԼǸʧٵСúθһοٸһ
ҲΪŻ£ںܿһɬϢǵü
ﺬŵϵ̲۶ˣڿ̨ŵʱŭ⡣
ﺬ֪˺ʦֻʹǧҲᶯֳͷʦֱԽҾɱãĪΪУ
ŭﺬĿдֻȴҲΪͷǽڵһˣԼһɱġ
뵽Сãﺬô̲ŭ
ȻŲŭֻܰѹﺬȴû㵽Ѿҵġ
˵пŻ飬СʦȱŻӣȻǶҲʡȥҪȡɡ
ﺬĻǳǳЦЦ
ǿŻȻʲôϵӣǶСʦЩôǻ鳤ҲÿСʦȻϲ
ţͶǿû鶯ͷ
ֻͷȴҪͷЦǸ˵һЩĻ
СʦΪǸ֪ܵļɱСãҪΪǸҪҵĻ飬ҿʦǵ̫ˣ֪ߵغ˰ɣ
磬ҿֱɱСñ𣡡
ЦȥߵҺŭĶͷ˻š
ǺǣҶӺеǣʦҺ㡣
̨µǳǳЦЦ֮˵һǵǲ⡣
ʱűϴˡ顪һ죬һһƬڰǾĿܡ


5 
ڰ֮У򢿴վ̨µˣһֻ档
աա
ǳǳûڰ֮гӰΧס
콣ʦѵҪǵĿΪɱҾͲ֪ˣֻҪһҾͻ֪ʱҳٽҲӲˣ
ﺬվںڰ֮УȻΧȴܸӦΧƮɱ⣬̹ǡ
ա
ָٴδһһɳ̴Цۡ
ҵ֣ҵ֣
ҽһЦ㱧ԼѾµʹĺг
Ѫͬˮһ˵棬Ƭ֮Ѿĵ涼Ⱦˡ
ܣôܣ
ﺬһѽЦסֻǸܵտҲʱ۶ˡ
ҵûˣ磡
ʹĲҽٴδָûּһϮȥһλЦȣͷȫ˵档
ûһȵЦֱﺬʹЩȥ
λϵһĻȴǳЦƱֽŵĲ˶һЩˡ
۸Сʦˣɲ
콣ʦɱ֮ˣΪڣ׶ε콣ʦ֮ƣ
ﺬ֪ĸλһ뵽еЦյŭ
ʲôʲô콣ʦȻɱˣεһʦ
콣ʦĳƺŲ˺͵ģΪһˣ콣ʦĳƺŻܻңǿϧǧò׳˸ԪӤʦԪӤڵҲֻܸСʦˡ
˵һϮȥȴֱЦԴ
Դ˳Ž˵棬ȵѪﺬϣƬ֮ﺬѾѪȾˡ
㱻ѪȾǱﺬ͵͵Ц
ҶСʦҾҪȫȪ
Ҳʱڵĵڴһů⣬ͼһŮ
Ůϵů̵ݵıϣзһɢ̹ԲӣһͽĴ档
ǡ㡤ܣҲܡ
ﺬűеĻ飬˶һ
ôҲűڵĻУиְ֣һʦܣܻС
ǣұˣ
뵽ܣﺬ̧־ҪȥɱֻӲŸжͱһ֣նֱۡ

ҽĽ޵ڴֻѪжϵڵĵھɭֲ˾
ǿ˵ߣŶӵĴһС
ֽŮůڵİɫôڵĵ塣
̨µĲҽڲϵش̴ӲϵﺬܴУֱﺬֻ֧֧˵ʱҲûͣƬĶ
Ѫȣλϵȴרĵ壬һɱ޹ϵһ㡣
ԼĪƬ֮󣬵õűƿˣͷ˵ڣֻصѪ
Ѫ֮һѾֻʣĹǼܣǼܵıǵƬʤվһŮȥ
ҵʦûɣǿڵţСʦʱԲˣЩƬ͸ʦ˰ɣĪҪ˷ˡ
ԭǴֱӽʦڵڳ뵽ҩʦ˵СʦʱԲڵҲֻôˡ
ţѾõϸһ뿪
վڵıصĲкȴǺ޲ָڵڼ˽ЩƬ
ص޵ʱͿͷŮƿţͷЩӦû˯ţ̧ҪȥɲŸͷͣ˽ŲŮ
Сʦ
ֳ֮ͷ˿ֻɴůƮš
Ů˵ʦûС
˵ͷͷҲܿͱŮˡ
ߵ齱ϵʱͿ˹һڱͷСʦ֪Ѿ˿ȴװ˯ɵ٬üһбů⡣
Сʦ𣬸ˣ
ǰСʦϲľˣֻǴû͹ԼͽСʦһҲû͹һСʦʱӦúİɡ
ʲô
Ҳװ˯ˣһ¾ƿ˱쿴վڴߵˣϲá
ϲֿ֮Լͽ˫֣һԲӣϻŰɫӣǾµģ
ǰסҽԺʱֻܿűСԼûյְʱҲǿ޿ģһʼҪһ֪ΪԼѾ㾡˼ҲҲͲҪˡ
Ҫ˼ǾԲʮСѣʲôֻҪ֣ܸá
񡤡
˻Ƶ˵ţһ˫ôضеӣ̯˫ֵԼ
ͽҰͽ
ҪҪԼȥе»ᱻͽһ˽ˣҲֻҹڴϵݸԼ
СʦĿǼͷͽҿɾ̲ס뽫ˡ
ĿһֱͣһϺǲãСʦ߶õĶˣСʦȻϲӸʤԼ
һжСʦĿĶͳͳҪٵ
ŻһЩ
ͽΪʦҪˣ
һĺڴۿҪͽˣæջĿ⿴վڴߵ
һ˫ίš
ҰɣҰɣͽٲңΪʦҪˣ
ŭţȴֻСһֺõգգۡ
ģ̫Ȥվڴߵ͵Ц
Сʦԡ
˵ͽǿӵݵС
ӵ˵ĲˣôڴϸţԼʲôʱƵŶ֪
ʲôİͷôжƮ
ףеůůģ컹ԵˮͷıǶࡣ
תתȥŪţӵ°ɫӶΪתٵɨЩġ
⣬Ļϲµõӡ
ôÿСʦϲ
ָĲŪɢڱϵīϲõŻ飬õһӿ
ʱֿеЦʱָذѹ΢ֱۣΪ۲ͣ˶
ͽСʦ۾ÿÿͽժš
˵ϸϸüҺһƵյƤϣذѹЩĹĵ
ҲܣΪʦһҪҵ۾
ܵġ
ҶѹԼͽͻȻ裬ȻֱӾͰԼӸڳˡ
ͬʱҲΪĶţµҪ
ϵܣڶȥͽҪɱˡ
ףѪζҲܣͽǸɱ˻
ѹɱôأû˰
һڲֲܶTM˹һԼ
֮һЩԼǸ
İɣͽ᲻СʦƲˡ
Ҳ˴ǳЦſĶŵͳ˵š
ʶһ˺һŻۣͼԼǸͽЦԼ
ЦÿҰѷЩͽˣᵽͽϵѪζܿ뵽ǾԽÿԽ¡
ֱǾʰͽôÿͷ׷߶ų˼һûѡרĸҵ
ǣûѡûѡɣЩ׷߶ȥˣֱԭǸʦҪݡ
뵽ֻĵţȴǰҲ˵
Сʦʲôأóˣ˵ͽ
ԼСʦģЦֻЦȴδ۵ףȾɱ⡣
ͺֻҪ˵һһ̾ܿ˵Դſˡ
ɱҪ캰ˣԼɶҲûΪʲôһҪɱԼģ
֮оҪĻӳȥֻǲжأӾͱסˣĦͼϵѱƿˡ
ֻзһ㱻ת˱ͷѱ¶ıŵЩ޳


6 
ѱʣ󱳺ܿƤͷӶ
䡣
͵͵Ƿ·𱻼˵ɤͷһűҪ˱ѹڴȴǶû
ͽҪʲôΪʲôҵѡ
ѵҪ͵ͷݵڱһ֣ūʲôģ̫ˡ
ʵǲ²͸뷨ͷǸֱͦСɰɱ˴ĥˣôԼϾ͸ĥˡ
ŵ²ϲˣЦĺһǳǣŷתŽָת˻
СʦűˣͽǻģͽܻСʦСʦһҪŶ
˵Žִ˻ȥ
ԾԹԣҷġ
æͷĬĬطģͬʱ᲻žָͷһĶ췢ģڷ֮ůЦݺһ
ܺãɹһ죬ڶ컹еʱ䣬⵹ùͽӦòԼˡ
뵽˶ˣ֮ر׷
һڴ·϶ܸ˯ˣ˼ԴҽԺͷɵʮġ
ۼҪ˯ȥˣһͬ˱ͷల˯ָطϸϸĴꡣ
ú֣ͬһӣԭסͷʱԼƶһۣ޲ýɱˡԴСʦĻסȥԼȴǲҶ»СʦֻҪСʦһԼ۵
ȻСʦԼĽ
ͽ
Ѿ˯Ҳ֪εʲôճյЦЦ֮󻹺ͽ֡
ڱϵͽҲ֪ںԼǵûŭЩˣǳЦ
Сʦͽ
ҲֻСʦһԼͽͽĳƺֻҪСʦԼģǺԼħͷν
ţϸϸţǸƣһſƽؽš
һ˯Ѿǵڶˣͷ̫Щ󣬵;޵ͷҲ֪Ǹͽ޵ʱͷʲô
Ҳʱ˵⴫ǳǳЩۿݶݶɴůƮš
ˣ
۵˲˹Ϊ˯ȥȴûУһֱݶƮɴ
ߴҲԼ֪СʦǱЩֵ˯ˣнһ˿⣬ŵСʦ˯ȥͽ롣
ܺ
֪뷨ֻǸɳƵеɤ֧֧˵ţ˵ֱۡ
ôǵͷסһΨһйøеӣҲ֪Ǹ˭Ŷúòÿء
ȥƣǧ׷ж࿴һۣӾй˵ĵط
ת˸ŬĻǸӽʲô֡
ҪԼϴ˵͸ˣͽͻȥǸӶԼˡ
Լĸؼһӻӳȥɡ
ȻǵǵĻͽҪиŮѾûôʱԼҪСʦˡ
˵ܼһ
Сʦʲô
ֱ㽫ԼӸ§˹ȥֱָ̽Ŀϸ΢ˢĴ࣬Ƭ̺뿪
ԭص𾪡
ܣͽûϴ֣
ҪĿˮµҰȫҡ
ֻ۶Ŵߵ¯ֱ㶡
˵
ûУָס򢽫Դת˹ͬʱҲӱԼĻС
ʱǵͷһЩڿΪŶĽëʱ͵Ц
ȥ٣
֪ţûʲôˣĶߵ˵š
װ˯ȥǰˣĻĵۣǰͽ񲻴ŸҰҲˡ
ٺðѵ鵽ͽǸӵһμʱ
Ǹӣ˵ͷʾҪȥ١
ȵʱѾǼ֮ˣǰͷѵŸƵȥԼѡ
˵黢ͽ߳ಡз
ٲͽԼԼǸŵͷΪʲôҪҧңѵͽϲ⣡ǴԿڿʲôʱܳԲɡ
뵽ѵֶЩء
ǻλЩۣؿҪԼֻͨһȥ;۵
һСһ۵ü
һ¾ôʹȾʲôȰѪѽòǾ֢ɡ
Ҫģ֢Ҳνǵʱеࡣ
ḧ˸ԼؿڣǹʹѹȥɲͽƼˡ
ͽ㴩ѡ
ѾѣعͷͿԼҵСʦںֽӹ˰ű˴ߡ
˵Ѵ紩ŷĶν
ѻͦÿͽһϧʽϧˣϧˡ
ѾˣԼЬӣһ˫ֻֿ˫һֱȴǰûжǵɻ
һֱҵĽţΪʲôҸо쬵ġ
ͽòҪҵĽŸɣͷʦ𱻹ٽôöûӳȥΪ˽
ʶŽҪصȥֻĽűžѲֱð亹
Ժ뵽ǸĻŮӣֱϵʱʹ⿳ӦҲôʹɡ
ҵĽšȿȡ
̫ţȻ˵һ仰ֻǾ仰ȻЩ˵Ϳʼ
ȡȡ
϶ĿӿڴߣָŴżһЩȴôֹס
꣬˵̫ˣˮǺˡ
ܣ̫ˡ
ɫΪԶúЩ̬Եòô԰ˡ
ôˣЩ˵
ŷڴ߿ԵСʦ־ͽ˱˻Уطı˳
ȡȡ
TMǵ÷ôͿԣôá
ǱˮǺôȸͣˡ
ſĻУϰĶȷʵ˳һЩȻǿȸͣ
ȥɣһҩʦƣôͿȵô
ڻпȸͣü
˵ֻһôһСһȣӾûȲˡ
ЩǨŭҩʦˡ
ſϵһȥ˾Щˡ
вУһȥһǸӣԼͶһĥ
һҪȥҲҪȥ
ȥˡ
æѹԼĿԣҪŪȥȥ
Ϊǿѹſԣֻúͷȵøˡ
úúãȥȥȥˮ
ѾȵۣȻ֪ΪʲôСʦҪȥǸʲôֻǿСʦΪȥǿ̿Ծ۵
ůſعһЩͷȻЩܣڿڵʱɤӸˡ
١
˻ƵƱ˼һ㣬Լ뿪ˡ
á
ִŵСʦֻܽ˱ЬӶûдͿ첽޵
ѹһ˫ֱӱȥˣҲʹʲôܲʲôˡ
ôȥЩϲԼһ˾ԭԼҪ˱ôһӾҪ˱ˣӦǱԭĺòŶ԰
ô˵ͷǸʦ˼ĺ
ýڵһôȥģͷֵһЩС㶼ûеõִ
ϢɣҲǵһˡ


7 
޵Щ룬ֻΪڵʦ϶ڵҲͼˡ
ƽǾԲܵû𴲣ҲֻСʦ˯ˣԲע⵽㳳֣ˡ
첽ڻ԰СͷԽǿԽҲӵڴˡ
ڴżλͽΨһкøеŮӣڴͽܱ߻ȻͿÿֺŮѶһֱԼˡ
뵽͵͵Ц
ܿ죬Ѿ̤ǰʯ̨ײ˵֮С
ǰЩտͷҲֻǷһЩˡ
˲þһµŮӭ˳
ʦŮ˵վһš
ԽŮӾλϡ
ܿŮ˲㡣
žҪֻӾǶһ¶Ѿ
֮ǰӿ·ͽûУ
ͽҲǸ⣬ŸȥҲ¸Ӧ
Ƭ̣ǰĻᴭ۵붯ˡ
ҩʦ˵ӻڵʱ߶
еֱ̧һЩԴԼľѴĶǳǳ˵š
ͽĻҾֱshi
ҽԺŵʱرҲû˼Ҳ߶ֻǲܶѣͷҲֻ˵ȾһѣҲû˵˼Ѿ߶ˡ
۸ҽѧģޣɶҲǡ
ͷһáȴǹԹԵĵ˵ͷ
ܿ죬ſɫѵŮӣǻòǡ
Ҳܣôȵϵǻÿһ˵Сˡ
ͽܰôƯС㶼ٽͷֹܲڶͽһȰɡ
ͷȻ˵ûѡ˭£˫˭֪ٻˣ
ʶͿӣĿдһ˿ӡ
Ҳãߵĳ
ʦ
ɰ˼˻վͷڶʦϡ
Сʦʲô
Ҳע⵽񣬵ʱֿŵµŮӣЩõס򢽫˴žͿԼ
ÿ𣿡
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ۼĿԽԽ䣬žҪߣӱֱӰסˡ
ţ仰û˵ͽ˵ô档
TMǻغÿǻزÿҪ˵ÿͽΪˣ˵ÿǲӣTMĹɡ
á
һ̽̽˭֪ͽǸʲô뷨
ĸÿ
˵Цͬůһҡ
ˣȻͷдûдһǿδŮˣԼСʦ
ͽΪʦѰѰˣΪʦһúÿһȻ͸Ͽ˫˫ȥɡ
æƵ̨£ЩŮӶͷҲԼܹƼòǱϸѰ
ЩŮӸɣüҲ֪ĸԼλͽģʶָһ
Ǹͦÿġ
ಡ
˵ؾߴһһָָŵŮӱһϸСĽд̴Դһ󣺡ͨŮѾ˵ϣԴϵѪȾ
һĻ˫ɴ𾪡
Ҳܣ飬TMָ˻һʼ˵ˣ
ĸæָͷ˻ͷٲˣԼСָ˭Ȼְ˼Ҹˣ־ͱ֮ˣָĶĶ
ڵϵڶʦͻȻȥûһ˿ӦͺǰѾˡ
ڻÿ𣿡
͵͵ĻһδȴĶ䴫ȵϢϣƤˡ
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Ц˫ǻȴǺһĴ̹ǣٵҡҡͷ

ҡͷˣջеűϵŮ˻֡
ܿ죬ǰѾ٣ڻص
ɱ˾٣ѵĲףɱ
кǿҵԤУͽɱԼʱԻϯ˵ͷЩֵûֵӰ˵ǣһףʦȪ
꣬ѾˣǸϿ˶лɡ
СʦЩʲôʵʵ飬ͽٽרΪСʦģȫϲģԻӳȥ𣿡
Ż˳ģ֪ͷʲôˣģǰǼ̫ˡ
˵ҲķֱҧľҧžͺҪѪⶼҧһ㡣
۵ȥƱԼˣ˫˾ͺƾʯһûнƿԼ۵ð
ۣͽİɣҪѪˣ
ȵҺ£һ¾ͲµǸҧѪˣЩԴҧš
ֻһ˶ߴûнг
ͽħˣǸʦ𵽵ôİTMѪֲѪTMȸӵѪ
ȾͺҵĸһٵѪҪԶٲƷܲ
˻
ʹɵЩͷۻӸ̱ĻпȥֱǳǳʧˣžǰһЩҲֻһЩѡ
ѾЩͷתЦŽϵѪһһȥĶߵ˵
СʦѪġ
MͷΪҲ֪ѪʲôζȻûϹѧҽԺͷ֪Ҷ֪
ΪԼı⣬ҽСһȥ㣬Űɣ
ģһͷ͵͵ԼСʦǿɰ
Ŀ˵µٵڶʦϣǸٵĶЩʦҪࡣ
˵ͽ׶˭һѽôҪȥ˭Ȱ
ʱٴγ˼ͬѵŮӣֻǵϴɴȥһݡ
Ȼȥˣ֪ɴͷ϶ܺÿС˵ͷдͷûгŮȫһЩ޵ĴŮ
ʦôп
ͬʱһһŻŮӣµϵһ룬űǸĴ˶
˵ͺǺһС
ҪҲûгʶ˱Լͽߣָͷˡ
ûзҲûоܾһȡ
;ֻҪԼͽûоܾˣԺһȣȻɱ˵ƢԣŮ˾벻
´Сʦ١
˵ŲվڱϵŮӣЦģֽĿ˻ȥ
ϷϷ
ͽȻػˣҲܣŮ⻷ѹִѶͱ˵Ĳһ׵Ů
ŮãԺգ鷳ͽҰĹ졣
־Ҫ͹ȥֻ֣һ˫־ͱקϻصĻУ̧ʱֿ˫ŵװͷڹˡ
ͽΪʦֲҪˣôС
԰ɣͽСϱ
λʦʦɣСŮļǰ˵һվһࡣ
ǰϣͽһʦ𰡡
һЦģǵùҲɵǳЦֻʦλʦǿɰ
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лҪ˵˵Һ÷ϲСԺո߱΢ղأ÷÷o(ini)o


8 
ͨ
һĿٹ˵ϣľѪһ
ʦ
Ĳȥ˵λãͬҲ̧ͷȥλϵ
ŹĲϵϸСѪЩգգۣ߾ʹӹϱתƵϡ
򢴦Ĵָͷʹ̧ͷ
Сʦôôء
ƺ˪һĶǳǳ˵ţ֮лһ˿ŭ⣬һ˿ҪĲϵŭ⡣
ҲܣǳԴ𣿲˲ˣҲϱˣ
Ӿӣ
ʽҪĿͶϵĹģֻͷͱĴָֻܿ뿴Ҳǿˣ˵ˡ
һµĴָֻԼĺܶѹסˣ۵ü
ֻܹҪڼһֱӽ°͸ж
ۡ
͵͵ľ۵Ĵ궼԰ĿҲЩɢ
ͽΪʦĺҪˣͽ
۾Ͷˣܼס
е⣬ֿΪʹĴ꣬нһҪٵͷ
СʦԼΪʲôһҪȥűˣһͦϲ˫۾ġ
ָľԴƫһЩīҲ˳һͬɢϣϵ黬䴫ײ
Ҫϵˡ
ʶסҪӵָȥ˫־޻һֻҪŲȴǺް취ˡ
ŵۿǰ뵽ͷʱϲ˶߿ͷȥɱ˵ʱ򲻻ĥˣʱȴϲĥˡ
뵽ڿŭͷµҪͽὫֱӸ߿ͷȥ
Сʦ𣬻𣿡
Ķͷ˺գЦŵ˵
⻰һ˿ɣæҡͷ᲻Լҡּ࣬ڲīϵ˿鶼һͬ˳Żϡ
˲ˣԺ󶼲ϱˣ
˵ֻͷ߶š
ʲôúõĸҶС˵ͷTMĸд鰡˭ء
СʦͽĿ޵ģǧҪͽȻͽ۶˫²ˡ
͵͵Ļµȥˣڹߵȴʲô塣
ȴΪĶ佫˵ġ
һֲɿ˶ǯƣĺ󾢽§ſ˻Уϸϸİţͺ񷽲ŵ鶼һ̰ˡ
ȿȡ
ƿصȴ̲סѹƵĸоʵ̫ˡ
ͽҲǿһϱûʲôһҪɱҵģʦ֪֪
Ⱦˮյķĵűˣʱæֻ˿ģȡͬ飬ϣһٷ񾭡
߷ҲԣұȥҪԼˡ
ţŬգգ۾Լ۾۵ˮ˳۽ȥ
Сʦ޵ʱÿͽ̲ס۸㡣
ĨȥձϵˮȻĶߵ͵͵˵š
ޣޣҲˣ
ûæԼò׼ˮͳͳ˻ȥֻҪ뵽ոǸ龰о۸ôˡ
ͬʲôĻӱȽʺϣһ˲ʺϲʺϡ
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ô˵ͽϲˣôȥϥǶҪ˰ɡ
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򡤡
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ʶսһЩǳǳע⵽˯ˡ
ͽ˯ŵʱÿ벻ͻȻͷ񾭣ôһСͽôͱǸʦأϧˣϧˡ
㰲ʶֿ֮̾̾˹һ๬ģ̧־Ҫȥ
ġҪɣŹ۵ġ
˻ƵɤһۣһŽһ仰ĸ˳֮ЩĵĻͷȥȻ۲һȥϵˡ
ֻعͷɲǣյķȴ˲ˣڵͫн⣬ĿڹڵĹʱǹˡ
ĵȫҪ
ıһ̵ڵͣˣͼһĳ˵֮С
˳ֱֺӽλϵĹϵ̨£ֻ˺һ죬ĵѱ˺¶
īҲΪЩɢ˵棬˿ȥǱ
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𾪵ĿǰһĻ⵽Ƿʲôͽ˯ΪʲôͻȻַˡ
Сʦôϲ᲻ţͽܲء
§ŻеˣľǿԼеĴǳǳЦ
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ǿԼ۵еɤ˵ΪԼܵǣԼ˯˯ŵġ
Ҫַ̧ЩΪֻд
Ϊ֮нʹ˫ȾˮգŻΪԼٶϣԼ޹̫ˡ
ţˮ˳۽ֱϡ
Ĳˣ
Լпе⽥࣬ĵͷн˶ȥҲ뿪ˡ
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޿޿ޣӣͽҲŹ㡣
ǿеˮɶԷ񾭺ͷȴôƽ۽ǵˮȴǲϵ¡
СʦһЩòã
һָӡȻ֪ԼЩˣһ뵽ϲ߽˼ڱ˵ϣҪСʦĲϡ
ҪСʦˣ֮ͽСʦ˭ҲƲ˭Ҳ͵ֻԼӵС

һֱеķĶ˵棬ضϳأ˿Ҳ̼ѡ
ѵ½󱻳¶ͷĶ£ѩ׵ı¶˳
˻ۡ
һ˫ˮ˱ѹųŵȥΪӱҲֻǰŲûˤȥһ̾ͷԼıҧˡ
ιǴ˴ۣǹӴԽԽҪⶼҧһ㣬۵˶
ȵѪˮ˳űɢʵͷҪѣӱѹȴǺް취
ſң
˻Ƶʹ䣬ʹûмᷴԽԽʹҪԼⶼҧ
һĲҽڻصͷǸɱһ˵ĽڵǸʲôݽɫˣⶼҪҧ˶ͣ¡


9 
ļιǱҧѪֹǰҲһƬģ§ȥʱ˶Щججġ
СʦһҪͽŻá
ѾЩʹȥЦ§ǿĶͷĶͷһ𣬷˿ȾѪǰźޡ
ͽӺˣһӳȥҾͷҲҪ
ɱľȻҴôͽʦϣֲҸ޵Ĺ⣬㱨ʲô˼
̧־Ҫǰƿ˫ֲŸ̧ͱѹǰǯ޷ˡ
ҹˣúϲˮӡ
˵Ѵ˻ȥ黹Щ΢һǳЦ
ʱͷ뿪ڶʦǰͷıһѪĹġ
ѪĹĽŲʱ԰׵ȴǺѪɫ
ͣ˹ĵǰĶ˵棬ĵ⡣
һҲȥСʦߣܻСʦ飬ԺƼСʦĸǰ᳢ʹ
£һ˹ĵļͷϣֻꡪһĵļֱӱ߶ˡ
Ҳһ˵棬һѪĺӿ˵棬Ⱦǰʯש
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Ѫüûһ¾ֹ˻ȥ
ᷳ
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ζЩʵˣۿһʶʿˮ
㰡
Сè
һèģֱ㽫ȡ˹ͷƯżԲĽӣᷭתһЩȻһų˲ŵݵߡ
Ҫȥӣɲжͱŵѹȥ
ϲιιɣһʡŵ
бԺͲ㶼ιģҾͲŶô㻹һֱôġ
콫ҧ˿УζܿڿӣóԵĲˡ
ôôóԣôҽԺĲһʲôݵİ
ţֳԵţ̧ȥѯʡ
ǡʲôݵģ
ԲͷʲôϣоҲ⣬ӲѵͷĲ
/ġ
ѾȥˣȴûнԼЩˡ
ѯʵʱ׽Ū˼˵ڣȻһ̾Ϳˣ͵Ц
ˡ/⣬/⣡òǹɣ
Ż
뵽ǹĵ⣬תŵȥϵŻţҪͷȥĶͳͳ³ȥ
̬ͽΪʲôгð
ȡȡ
ϵָԼĺֻŻ˰Ҳֻ³һЩǽǰӶ˵İ

͵͵ЦԼŻµûаοˣǵЦζֹס
ЦЩĽĿͶϣҲֻܿǳЦģҪȥ
뵽ͷǣԼʮ˰ҲܻᱻǰŰЩˡ
˹ֿ֮ϵǰӣһתŻ
ȵʱֻÿǻͷͷҲɬѣܵ
ͬʱһοŵĽʱг˿ܣžҪĻ뿪
ƭģ⡣
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ͷůˣֱͽһͬԡ뵱ͽʦˡ
ÿ춼ҪͽȻһⲻżЩˡ
ȶҩֱӴһƿҩ˽Լɡ
ӱѹˮͷ˫ֻܿǰƮīķ˿ָƮȡһ㣬§˳ˮ档
ȡȡ
ڱˮ˲ЩͷתĿţīҲȫ˾ϣƵЩʡ
Сʦˮʱ˭
ͻȻ֪ˮгʱԺĻ˭ԼػĸûˣûԼ
ȥ
ЩͷʦɱôͽȷģΪôĥ˭ܵˡ
ԣϣʦͽ̫TMĥˡ
ͷȻаٰԹԣȴͷҲӵУűѬţӾЩĿϣҲѾ˾⣬һ˯ȥģ
˭
˯ȴ˯еҪ֪ǸСʦĩʱ˭
ָһЩʹѹſ˫ͫ׵ѯʡ
˭룬롤
ͽȥ
˵ֱϣ˯˹ȥһҲû˵û졣
СʦϲĹȻͽͽܸˡ
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˴ˮб뿪Ŵѻ˴ߡ
һͷʪ˿ϵˮȫˣȻЩī˱ͷ
ҹһΣһ۸޵Σ˵˯жЦ
εһţҲ͸ξݺݵ˳ȥΪӵĲ״Ҳֻع϶ѡ
ǳߵڲʱֱˣͬʱҲĽЩ䣬ůĽš
ͽΪʦҪ㡣
Ҳʱ˻ƵЦˣŲӾϿţǻˮĻ¶ͷ
ŶߴЦӳվôˡ
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Цһĵů⡣
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Сʦֻ˯ʱˣȥҲ˵Ҫ뿪ٽ
СʦǧҪҪ뿪ٽͷͽİ취ͽ뿴СʦѹģСʦһҪ֪𣿡
͵͵ɤϺõļһ㣬ĴĶС
ָɢϵīɫ֮ϸ΢ţͺжٵķ˿һ㣬Ƶϸ
ԭЩϲõ仰ʶüξҲ˱仯
֮ǰѹ۸תۼֱӽѹ˵ϣһ۸һ߻ϵЦ
Ц֮󻹲ϵŽʼĹͷ⣬ͷ󺹡
Ҫ޹ǺʹҪ
Ŀж϶ĴЦû˽Ϊ˾֡
޹ǿˣͽգСʦաСʦһҪԹȻͽܻһΣβὫʬҰˣͽԵСʦͽԶֿˡ
ʵЦģͷĶһ㣬¡
лҪ˵/ֺ±ΣҾ͸ˡ
Сʦճ۸ŭԣ˵(*^^*)


10 
СʦһҪԹ
޹ǻ۵ģۺۡ
Сʦ
Сʦ
һϵػصţͷһĻŵ˹۾ͿݶƮɴ߻鴫͵͵ײ
İϤĵطŷԼֻ˸Σʶһ
ԭΰһΪͽҪҵĹͷˡ
˵ָŶͷش˺һʱŷԼĶͷǺա
̫ˣʵ̫ˣ޹ǵʱôô¡
ۼ䣬ǰԼڵͷģѪܵģͷһıİϣʵ̫ˡ
ôôʵооԼһһ˼ҹΣһԼÿŻε޹ǵĻ棬һǵģһǵġ
˻ƵɤϵظԼŰҡͷҪԺеЩȫѪȵĻһҲڼˡ
ʵξͷдȫܱȣͷҲô仰ѣʵȴĲ̿¡
ڴ˺һ˱׼´ӲŸյϾűƿһĨɫӰ˽
Ű¿ȴƴԼͷʱһ£ֻƬ֮б㲼˾֣ڿϵİʱҲΪͷŵذס
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Сʦôˣǲجˡ
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һ˫Ǿ֡
Լֽ˸գȥеı䣬һ˵
Сʦ
ĻĶȴ·ٱһ㣬Ĵ̹ǡ
ЩģҲǾ仰ŲĻС
Ļůģȴֻñ䣬Ӳϵزš
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ϵذԼŽֹס˲Ҳ˳
һ˲Ǳòһ¡
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ҩ࣬״һЩҩ˲͵ߣǳЦš
ȵҩɢŵһǳЦŽĿߵҩϣҩζСĺȥ
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Щ࣬Ҹ㱸۽ٸȡ
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ǰԼԺͷҲһûˡ
ûлˣԼˣҲƲˡ
ףô˵ͽǲǼӰͷͽ˻ɱԼ⻹ôһô
ų͵͵Ц
벻Сʦ˵ĻҲһûб䡣
СʦԺǰ뷨ġ
˵ָ˳ϵ˿īϣؽīһа档
дһ˿졣
ŶͷǸʦȻ뷨ԼһѹԼᴩϣƢе񰡡
ԣԼûн޹Եã϶Ҳֻ뷨ͬˡ
ͽʦҲ̫˰ɣ޵ԺӶǰ뷨죬Ǯûطѽ
ֹһɽʯųԺš
һʯש·ש·ֱͨٽ󣬽ǻֺ֣׳
ֻǵͷٽͷʮʮʮ޵д͵ĸΪĽСȥרסʦĵãʮסŵҲٽһЩҪʿ¡
Ҳֻǵôʮʮס˭治֪Щˡ
ʯש·˼ͷԺţͷдЩп
ţţⶼסǸ޵ԿԵģѴһȥ˵һꡣ
뵽̲סҪЦԼô˵˯ǷˣⷿԺӻǰԼ뷨ġ
ҲԼ뷨ûû£һ
˼Ϳǰͷм鲼µŮҴţҲ֪ҪȥʲôǺĸȥ
ֻǲŸ˼·ͱͻȻֵһʯˣ˫ʶקסӡ
СЩŸ͇Nɪˡ
״˷˻У𱸵˵š
ͽǆµһ죬ġ
Ȼ˲ųǰͷȥûпλãϵһʯĶ˻С
żŮ͵ҩ԰վԺ⳯ͷţҪҪȥơ
ʦ
˼ҪҪȥʱһ죬ͷȥ
վںͷһ֮ǰЩŮͬ£վ˵ǰ
ȥ
δŮǽϣдһ˿ѯʡ
𣿡
Ҳ²ͽ뷨ֻʣҪǲԾʹظ»͵Ź
ҩ԰жݣѡԶҩ˶ѽͦãҲþʲô취
ѯԼ˼Ǹˣһȡõģ˿Щů⣬ǳЦ˵
ԡ
֮§ҩ԰ͷȥ


11 
ҩ԰ͷһɵɬζݵֲݣԽͷ߻ᵽһЩζ
ףҩ԰治Ӧҩζôĺͻ԰һ
ŻζΡΡǰͷţΪȽŲ·ȱҪһЩļͺţһˡ
ҲڹӵĲ״νһС岽һ󴭡
Ƭ̣Ѿ۵ѰطЪˡ
ȥҪ˼ô·Ҳô۰
Ѿ˺գѵַһ˿ΣһѾ˼޵ģ
Сʦ㿪ڣҾͱȥ
յģֿһֱȣʱҲ֪Լǵ˼ޡ
ԭҪֱӱҩ԰ͷɿСʦҪǿģͻȻͲ붯ˣҪöСʦļܹԼһζҪǿ
Ļǲã̧ʱֿһҪԼŵģϲˣһǰȥ
үĿڣҪ㣬һֱţ
ʵӵļ֪һһ뵽ҪȥͽζҲֻǿš
ǰͷ·ЩӰǰģˣϢҲԽԽ죬һЩˤ
ΣΣ˾ǸͽЦԲЦ
ţ̧ǰͷĳȽ򴽰꣬ԭͣ˺һżǰͷȥ
ģеˣһֱɿ˶Ĳվԭؿ
Ҳ֣ӾͺͶߵķһ㳯ŵȥֻͨһֱӹ˵ϡ
ϥǿڵ洫һʹ۵ЩҪιȥˣ󱳸ֱһ亹˴
˻
۵ĵһ
TM˰ǶӶûһĵͺͶһʹ
黹ûԭǾߺãŲôʹ
ˣһŪ㣡
޲ֱԼȻڻһµ壬һܺĵ׵塣
ںͷŮˤʶҪȥֻһ˿ͿǱ̹ǵĿ⣬ֻվԭλ
СʦֻҪңҾͱ
µգ仰ȴȻʮµĶգĳǡ
һҲȥͽͽԽԽ̬ˣͺͳ˱̬һͷ񾭡
һֱ̣˵ϣӵĵ档
䣬שʲôİôô䡣
˳ѱֱӿͷһ㣬䵽ˡ
שǧ꺮ƣͨͷϰӶΪزСʦҪһӾܲˣҲ𣿡
˵꣬ʹ̧ͷԼ
еľǿʱŭˣ⼹ǽһҪ۶ˡ
Ҳ㣬
ģǱĲ壬ֱӱ˵һ治Ļ˵ˡ
ɺѾûˣ⻰Ѿ˵ҲջȥֻӲͷƤͷȥȥŭģ
Ǿ֣Ⱦɵüࡣ
ǹӲģЦһų˵
ܺãСʦǰǾŻ
Ļ֮£ɿվôӸµŹڵϵˡ
ȥ˹Լǰİһ˿ݣǾĲϴˡ
ɴСں֮µӲǽĨ־ǿѹžԲͷͷһ֪ԼԻȴȻΪ˵ͷš
Ҫ㣬Ĵȥɣ
Ҿһգգ·Ǳã
ק°ת˸ʱԺŲӱҪȥ
ееıԽԽأΧϢǿҵĲڱϵĻȫȾ˱˪
վһŮæ˵ϵͷôȥ
ҲʱҩʦӵϢͷ˳һ۾ͿԺеñȥ
ҷ
ҩʦǰŭ
֮ٷ䣬ֱӽҩʦƷڵأеŭȫй
ʦСӵŸתǧ꺮ĺǿСӵķοӻˡ
ҩʦŹڵ棬˳һ˿״һһ֪
ĿⲢûΪ仰ԭˣҩʦ֪Ķŭˡ
Сӣ͸ʦϸɣôڵԺºڵˣ˵ȶˡ
֪ᶯŭضΪԭ򣬲ֻܶͣԭش˵ţϣܹϸǵ͸ͷԭˡ
ǺǣϴTMһһϴҲϡ
ͽҶ޲ǰһϴͷ붼롣
ĿһҩʦȻͳӳǰͷš
Ҳĵ˼ޣֱ˵棬ԴصĿ˵ϣȵѪˮܿĶ仺˳
ǰһ¾ͱѪˮȾˣЩѵſ˵ϡ
ǧ꺮ɢĺ͸ķΣʼ
䰡䡣
ҪãλȻĹأ벻ᱻǸ̬ͽĥˡ
ţЦű۵ĵ
ʦСιȥˣ
ѾûҩʦǼĲˣȻԱ˵ܾǸҪĲӣҩʦ֪˵ȴȫ
ҩʦڻǵüǰձʱʦͶ絽УʱΪһֱõʦĳ谮
ɲ֪һʦͻȻ˹˵УȻ˹ؽȥ˿ȴҲûĥ
ʱʦڵλСһͬ˯ɼжôĿء
ǰСӱӳˣҩʦΪʦĸ鵽ͷˣŻὫͻСӵʦȥ
ʦûнͻȥǳȸսǻҪͬʱռҲԽԽǿǿκ˿
Ȼ֪СﴥŭʦҩʦҲ֪һСӳ£ٽڵ˶ܵǣҾõӡ
͵࣬ѾȾѪˮ˫Ⱦ
ٽڵĺ񶼲˻ůҲ뿴ڻź񣡡
˵ֱӽ˱žͳȥ
ҩʦ״Ҳٸȥ
ܺӰ죬ӱĺղϵ궼Щϡ
ô
ڴϻԲѵ۲ѣ֮ûкڣҪ۶ǵͷˡ
СʦֻҪԼͿˣ⼹һҪ۶ϣԽǰԽҪĥƽȻҪٽͷ
Сʦͷ
ָĸīĶȴȫǱ䡣
壬˫ںͷƬ̣½ʱ䶼µˣ丱ҩһɡ
ҩʦſڴ̾úõôŪˡ
䣬䣬ʿСǲǿյ̫ˡ
ͬڱһֽűƤǳ
ΪԼҽԺͷţʶŻʿֻᣬȴҲ˽ȥ
ʿ˭
Ѿ¶һҩʦľĹ˵ϡ
һ̱㸩һĶߵ˵
СʦǲҪˣģͽԺһֱ㡣
˵㿴˹ڵҩʦ
ҩʦյĿҲ֪ǺˣҲû˵ʲôʦľ˭ҲΥˡ
ԵֻԼ˫ͻȻ۵˽Ĺͷһ۵Ķ˺һ
ʴǵʹһҹ޷ǹϢֻ˺˻Ȫһ㡣
ʦݵĶСӵͬһ㣬ʱԽĻԽͣСӵҲܵӰ죬ʦҪҩ𣿡
ҩʦűڻеʶѯʳ

ӦţȻżſԼеˡ
ҩʦȥʱѾҹˣӱͱ˵ĻҪ࣬ʱѰ˲Ǽһˣοˡ
ȻضѹϣȻвĶ͸ͷѪ˺üء
Сʦ㿴㲻Ųټ·ˣԺһҪԹ
§յ˵ţ򵥵һ仰ȴǻҪ·Ρ


12 
ȻǷˣǹӶͬϿҧһ۵ֱð亹
ںҹ۵ö޳ȴȻججûѹֻе͵͵Ŀ޵ͷص
ԣվͲˡ
ſ޳˵˵ţ˵֮ḧ԰׵ݣ˺һŽ˻ȥ
һǳصĶߣȴǰҲûȥ˫ȵʹʹ˶ʣȫð亹ֱӽ¶ʪˡ
һҹһҹֱڶǳǳ˯˹ȥ
ȵٴʱѾˣͷãȸǺ
ʱѾûˣЩССһ
ȫ֮ſܣΧϤƷžԼѾôȴ䲻ˡ
ôģ
첻úôͻȻͻˣѵΣ
ֱۣܿһʹʹš
˻ʹ˵Σôģ
룬̫ԴҲæͣˡ
ôģѾˡ
۹֮ҲͲԸȥյôģ˵̲Ҫ־޵ͷͿˡ
֮ͨ󿴵˷ϵյʶ򴽰꣬ԼĴѾЩˣٲȻһȱˮģ
˶ӾҪ´ȥˮȡ
ɲƿ̧ʱȴֶˣɻֽȸһɿȾֻ˱ͷ
ҲܣûӦˣ
˯
ôȣһ˿˿ⲻҲԣɵһ
ûãȻзӦ˯˯ˣҾ˵ﲻһ麮ҲֱӾͰȸˡ
ظһظģЦ
Ц֮Щʵӱ齱Ųš
û°ѲôԶʲôͷһҲչ˲
Һȿˮҡ
Ѿ˴齱ߣ̽Ӿֻֻûؾͱ˱һů㻷ܡ
Сʦû°ɡ
žͿӾҪ´þͳȥ˱˻Уϸ鿴һûˣһ
̧ͼƳһۣתͷȥȥͽ
²컹Ҫװһǵģûаġ
״ǳЦֽ§һЩʱƼȣһ˿ֽܿѹȥů⡣
СʦǣնͽĴͽʦϸòã
˵ֽϵī۵˶
Ŷͽϴ̫߳˰
Уҵȥͷûº꣬˾Ȼϴ
ӾҪ漴˯˶ˣֱֻۣ˵
ͽΪʦȺ˯ˣҩʦ¡
˵Ƽ¶һĨʹģͺʦһ
ޣ˭TMʦˣޣ
ոջ˵ϴˣתͷ򶼲ңȻ˭˭Դ¿ˡ
Ҫ˯ˣȥɣ
ЩõĳȻҪĻȥɻرͷȥ
Ӳжֱȥˣǵǲá
ͽѰҩʦ
һƼʼˣҲЭš
ܿ죬ҩʦͱˣ˵úƼ˱ڻͷ
ʦ
һҩʦЩ˵ؾҪȥΪȲܶҲѹţҲֻǰͷҩʦˡ
ƣϿ˯ѹˣڲ֪ǲѹ˻ܶ
˵ϥǣȴһ˿ӦûС
ҩʦ״̧һеЦֵ
ҩʦʵСʦɡ
ָḧķ˿Щ˵š
ʲôʵʵģܲȷˣͽҸԼԼģ
ûôɣǹһ麮ȶѽ
ҩʦеǵЩƽ˵
СΪ壬Ѿ·ˣҩʦܣʦ𷣡
˵һͨ͸˵ϡ
ŹڵϵˣȻֿһҲǳʹð
;Ц
ǣ֪Ǿ͹һ£ȶˣˡ
ЦƳͷֻԼ
ɿǰ仰ҲûУֽĿԼϣصãȻûзӦ
ˣ
ѯŹڵϵҩʦ
ţţTMǸʲôİ͹ôһȶˣ
ҩʦ˵ͷȻ˵⺮ǴӺ״̶ǿƬ̾Ϳ壬Сӵӱͼܲ˺ԡ
򵥵һ仰ȴǽһ˿ͷˡ
ǣҶԲԣ浱Ҵǲ㣬ǲ㶯֣
űϵˣù϶ȥŭ⡣
һ麮ѣҶܽȸˡ
еŭ⣬һǱ˵Ļ˵
Сʦվˣ£ͽһֱߡ
ǻͺʦһ㣬Щˡ
ɺܿ죬˹һ޲ýԼ޹ͽôܻԼԲܡ
ҲҪߣңĻһ䶼ţҹ
ֻǰȴܹװµģ޲ɱ
ʶ㿪ʼϵ뱻ĻĻֻ־塣
ȫĻУôô
СʦȻȲ·ˣͽͽһֱߣȥĶͽòã
Ųˣֽ˽§ڻУȴǽ⡣
ȷ˶
Ҳϵǹɺ⵼޵ڽһ˿䣬ΧƷҲ˪ǣ޵һ㱻˱
һĻžǰ˲ʲôͨˣǽڣһʱضĽڡ
Ҳ֪Ǳŵ˻Ǳ䵽ˣЩƲסĲڵϵҩʦʱдһ˿
ҩʦĿȷʵЩˣ漴Ҳ͵ͷȥ
ŹҺòãҲСʦҾǸġ
ҩʦƿĿ֪֣Ҳ԰Խ˭Ҷְ
޹İ
ݶֳ˲̬Ĳ԰ף˫ָǱţʱһ㡣
˫Ⱦһ˿
Сʦ˵ʲôأҵСʦ𡣡
еľǳЦ§˻Уůȥůӡ
űԼˣָקѣҪһЩҪϵů⡣
Χʵ̫ˣǳܲס˹ȥ۵ɲһỺ¡
ڲѾûɿӵ֣Ҳ˲ĺ󾱰γһĶ˵棬Ѿ˯ŵĸݣ֡
СʦôǱأСʦȻͽϲˣֻҪСʦԹԴͽߣͽǾԲ㡣
˯˵Сʦ԰
˱ŷ˱ͷ˯ģЦ
˯ɣͽһֱڡ
˵Ķһǣ뿪
ҩʦһͬ˵ãڿվּʱæӭȥ
ժһƬҶվҩʦһŵ˵
ϣҩʦβҩʦزסҿأԶῪ˵ġ
£㽫Ҷͷ£һЩ̯ʱֻʣһϸ΢ķĩ
ǡ
ҩʦκǸ
Ҳʱ࣬ڼҩʦʱһࡣ
ҩʦ״뿪ԺӣҲֻʣˡ
ʦҵλʦͼԻڵˣҪ
ҩʦ뿪ˣŽѺڵڵʦ֮¸֪
űĻ㱨Щá
ңڵǿˡ
лҪ˵΢С߽˫ղѽ
СͽСʦ㲻·ˣͽ۰o(ini)o
Сʦ


13 
վһıһĿ⣬㳯ԺȥҲ뿪ʱҶҲ˲ήˣͺǱһ㣬ۿɼٶȵ㡣
첽ȥƼɢ֦Ҷʱȴ޲
ǰͷ̴ӣڼʱ
ʦ
˵һš
һ۾ͻ˻֣ڵĵ֮С
̹ǵĵԼһĲҽ˳ɽʯ׳µĵعȥ
Խ²ҽԽѪζԴԴϵĴűЩõü
ܿ͵һʯƽ̨֮ϣϵѪˮѾ̨״̤ƽ̨ʱڵİȾѪˮ
ǡ
ͼһ׷߱ص˩žڰ֮УϸȥߵֽŽԱȥѪˮǴ֫ڵ档
̴Ӱְ˲㣬˱ϡ
ϣָ°ڣһ̧˱ڰеˡ

Ӱдʹġ׷ߵ˫ЩĿǰȴûпڵµˡ
״̧һӣһŵһЩ׷Ҳ˳Ƴŵˤȥ
ֻһͨ죬׷ߵ˵棬ͬʱѪˮҲȾİ׷˿ȥǱѡ
Щʹ³һѪһ˫ǵȥλϵˣڿϵˮʱ֪Ƕ˭ˡ
㲻ú㲻á
ŲҪûҲûȵ˾ͬһһ㣬ֻڵ䶯ĵ
ΪȾѪˮ׷űˡ
ֻһ۱ߵů裬嵭Ĳ˳Ĵ˿ڣһַˡ
ﺬĿɻóԣ
ǳǳʻĿдĻлһ˿Ц⡣
ҲЦ⣬׷ͷһʹЩô˻Ȫ
ôʦ֮ơ
֧֧˵ţ˵ҲǾεʦ֮ƣһǳЦ
˵˵ȥ仰ôҵĪҲֻ䲻ɡ
뵽ﺬ֮ǰҲôһ仰Ҳ֪ҵ뷨ΪλԼôõĳƺŶ⡣
Ȼһ˲һŰ
ǺǺǣٽ֣֮ٽضҲᱻ֣֮ıһҡ
ƴȫ˻ţȫ޾ĲԼʣ¼ٿ˲һ֮ٽ֣֮ʵ
ȳʳﺢ֮⣬̵ʹࡣ
λϵֻƬ̺˵:
˵Ҳ˵ˣԪӤڵҲȡˣҲл˵ظĪҪ˸һ״
£ָһϸСɫɲ֮䳯ߵĵϮȥ
ĽŲҽԴԴϵĴһɢŽɫڵɵС
ߣ϶ڵǴ⣬ΪôԪӤʦҲɷѿġ
ڵͷһʢķĶڵͷƮЩƯ
ҲʱһƲлߵڷɳٶȳŵͷȥ
ϸڵһӣһϸСֱ̲л䣬ٽɽʯϡ
㡪
ĲҽԲл֮дһͬлҲһͬ鿪һƬޡ
ȥϣŲڵӱԵȾѪ࣬ԵЩ
ҵĶ𣿿ʲôģ
ȻǶı˵˫ȴֻеǿڵֻҪҡڵͷǶͻƶ
ʦˣѾȥˡվһ๧˵š
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뿪ʱŵµļ㴫ҵĺÿһ֮нǶŭ
ŷͳ˵Ρ
ص޵ʱѾҹʱˣԸŮ˷˵ڡ
ž޵ֻɴƮߵߣϰ˯ʱеŽɢֻů⡣
˴齣˴§˻Уϵĵ㡣
Сʦ𡣡
žĶϻصš
˯е˶ϴЩõü
漴ָܵӱʲôѹţЩصҪƿѹԼ˿ȴֶˡ
ذѹ
ŬҪۣӾͺһǴ򲻿ҲǶá
Сʦֻͽһܿ
˭˵Ϊʲôôȣȡ
Сʦſڡ
պͳͬϺõļһƢֻűɵ˿ڣҲһʲôȵĶĿУһЩ˳Ŵǻ˾
䱻ճҺЩʣϢǳϢܵҪ³
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˯е˫˺ΣƼʱࡣ
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ЩõĲȥЩˣֻŵǵζʱȴЩĶתͷȥ
һͷĲ˶ͦóԵĲˣһЩΪסԺԲ˵ĲˣȻͨĲ˵ȴúϤ
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һ۾Ϳ˰ڽезϲ֮¿ڱϵˣϣܰԼһ¡
ԣ
ĿǳЦһ£Ȼŵѯʡ
϶԰ҿҪòҲã
ԭҲз԰һΪǶзӡ
Žз˵ͷʶʿˮڿлճҺҲһͬȥ
״ҪȥȡƼϵİɫۼʱɫ˵
СʦԺҪųԵĶȥͽ͸ȡ
ŵĶʲô֪һҪȥòǡɡ
͡ɣҾǲȥͽҲǿҸȥôҪԣܻзҲֵˡ
סԺô껹ûзʲôζʲôҩҩġ
˵ͷȻͳҪȥýз
ƣȥ𣿡
˵䣬ֱ̽ĿʹڣͷѾû˺ۼЩЦ
Ҳܣ˸ӣTMһӴүģ
ιʲôƽ𣿻ҪһҲ£*********˴ʡһ
ͻȻͣ𾪣𾪹ͷŭζ
𾪵˫ܿͲ³ͷŭԼָɨıݣŹĴ뿪ˡ
ɨݵ˲䣬ֻӶӶҪɳˡ
Ƽָ˿ʱ°ڵֶһĻŵò塣
ҲûбַĶôģ
СʦôԣͽȻҪ㡣
Ͳıж𾪣ԹԵ˵ţ˵Žз˹Ƶǰ
ʱһճɵɵģЦŽϵĺۼһһȥһ˫Żеˡ
⻰Ϊʲôô룡
ͽ񾭸ʱ
лҪ˵СʦǵĿںǣǣǣ
СͽܣСʦ˵ʲô
Сʦ𣺽
СߣǴԼ
Сʦ𣺣
Сͽܣ


14 
Ǿ仰ŵûһ飬תʱЩӶˡ
ڼʱסûӵڵ档
ͽħ
⻰һסԺʮ˶ˣTMûɣү
Щ߶µıܿĻҪԶ˶ȫһš
ҪԶɲԶ룬ӶرȴҲıϣǰźܿ䶼Ⱦ˽ϡ
ⷹò˳ˣͽǶʮСʱóΪʲôԷʱҲҪ񾭣
ЩϵзܾҲЩзһźް취
ī˳ż米ϣϵ˿Ҳīձϣ̧ķǲ졣
Ǹʲô
һ̻гѾķ˶ɨһ߿ճһλãȻͱſϡ
ϵ˿ܿͻմ棬īҲһͬľ
Ҫʲô
һĻõɴۣһ˫ֳɺͷֱסѹϡ
ЩҰ׵ݣǳЦŵĶߣżߵ˵
СʦǲԷ𣿡
ȵϢĶϣ΢
ʶæҡͷ
ҪҪԣҪԷԷ
ǲԣСʦԣͽǺΪѰ
˵꣬ǿԼеЦ
TMǱ۸ˣͷҪҡˣ˵ҲԷ
ʦ˭ǳúñȻȻ
ͷţȴһ۸ģǵּһЩ۵һ
ۣҪҪˡ
۵üܿЩĵĵ˵
ԳԳԣҪԷԷͽΪʦö
ɽڲûգǵ͸ͷȶ˿ɲڷˡ
ͽԸɵó飬ͳԸΪʲôҲҪ񾭡
еЭЦ
ãͽҲˣͽ볢Сʦ𡣡
˵°ڱҪ̽Уɴۡ
ʲô˭
֮У°Ѿȫÿһ˿ӿͷʶ˵ĳָʲôˣŵþ
ͣͣͣͣͽʦеģеģTMǸеİ
ôҲû뵽ͽȻַʽͷԭTMܸųಡ
ѱʣѩ׵ıǰ̹ǵϢܿ˳ıѡ
һ̱˴ۣʶüͷ˫ҲΪʹ
ܿȵѪҺӾλ˳ż׵ǻͷ۵ҧŴ꣬Ұ׵ĴܿѪգĴȾˡ
TMˣҧңʦ棬Ҫʦţ
ͽҵţҳȥһ㣡
ԴϣϵѪˮϣܿοˡ
ɿʱͿ󾱵λѾҧѪģӡȾѪˮϾ
ḧţЩ֡
Ϊҧˣɻɿͷλȴ˴ۣұȺ󾱵λûҪʹҪļͷⶼҧȥһ
̲סʹ˻ų
TMְвУҧˣTMҪʹ𣿡
۵Ŀʼŭϵڵͷͷˡ
һٳ˽ֻΪ£ʱ
ںƼʦСʦſҧϷĽǶĺѾȾѪա
ҽоʦҵСʦгģһЩһĻ˫˫ŽӲԭء
ȻعʱͿǱ̹ǵĿ⣬ûæ˵ϡ
ӷˣTMҧˣ
һ˴ˣҲܽĵ˭̧ȥڵȡ
֮ǰҽе̫ɤЩ˻ƣɤôֻϣͻȻܽȳȥ
ŹڵϵˣֿİӶ¶ͷеԽԽ

ĺ䴫ܵ¶ȿʼ½޵ڶ˺˪޵ڵ˱˪
һͣٹ˳ȥ
߰һ𰡣
һһ뿪رĵĽŸˣҪ̧ȥߡ
ˣ㡣
Сʦ𷽲˵ʲô
ģЦֽѹϣһŴյĶߵ˵
ְ֣˵Ұְ֣ͽԺҰְˣҧˣҪҧˡ
ɲҽ˵ķ˵һ飬Ϊְ֡
ֻҪסͽаְôɶҶԽС
ڲֶиãҪΪ˽ڲȶͽ֡
ЩɻˣְǺ⣿
СʦǰҲԷģȴҲǵһ СʦģҲԼǺأ
֮£㿿ѯš
ְǺ⣿
֮´ˡ

ʻ˽ӲԭأҲˣɻ
ҲܣͽȻְ֪ʲô˼Ҳǰ׽ôTM̬˰
ɫһһ°ױ֪ʱضǺôʣֱ㽫˱ŷתϣһӱǿм˫֮Уϡ
Ҳܣƣƣ
TMûĸȻͽ
ͷ˵ǳ𣿳Դ𣿵϶ôݰ
ŵɴ۵ḧ˫һŵ͵Ц
治Ǻôʰ
˵ָľߣľҪҧȥߴͣ˶

Դ۵˵ţ걻ҧȾһ˿Ѫգдһ˿ȣ϶Źĺɫ
ǵ˼
Ϊʲôʺô߳ܰʲô𣿲һ˼
ûɵľ;Щ߳ܣѹָ΢΢˫ǲȥǰˡ
Ļ̌ͷڿͨģЦǳЦ֮ԵøǾ¶ˡ
ͽСʦҲˣձͷˣ»ڲúóԷͽᶯ֣֪𣿡
˵ֽ˴ϱһ˻ȥ
ĳ˳ٻ˱ϣ˿鴫һײһ̱ͬīһͬࡣ
Ҳʱ˻ȥ
ͻȻֵȻһȻЩ档
ͽǴ󷢴ȱˣбʲôԤıôôء
췢ˣӦòˡ
TMҩʦҲҩÿ춼Ҫһ񾭣ô˭ܵ˰
УһҪҩʦҩڲǲˣԺ᲻ͻȻͷˡ
ʱٴαƿˣǼСŮ˽
ЩСŮϵķ˶ȥЩĻȥ
״ǳЦЦȻ˵
Щ˶ˣСʦ˶Ӳãǻһ
˵ֽɢǰīȫ۵
ҲǮԡ
ĬĬؿСŮ˳ȥֻһСŮµķˣȻûзڶһЩġ
˺һĶˣٶȳԵһ뷹Ҫڶ룬ֻȴܾˡ
ϲ˳Ե̫ࡣ
ϵķȡˣֻŮʼʰо֡
ҡˣԸҲҪܣ˭ʦ𰡣
˵С˵עǰ󱲣ʦͽܵĹϵTMûʦʱأڷóˡ
ҡ
ûԱ
ͷŭáȴ͵͵˵ţһŭԵģ
ΪɫͲҰףڴʱȥЩȻԼȫ֪Լӡ
Զֻ˯ˡ
ģЩҪˣ뵽СʦҲˡ
ܿ죬ϵķ˾ͱŮһһˣȥģ۵Ĳˡ
֪ոӦȳԿѼģû¸Ҫڶ뷹ƤѼҲų飡
ͽģҡ
ˣŭ⡣
ŭģ͵ЦЦЦ֮Щϸָḧţһſ˵
ȥط
˵ɻб뿪޵
лҪ˵㣬Ϊ˲ѧȻǹʱ䣬ݰo(ini)o


15 
µЩȣҹȴ
Ŵ޵ڳȥʱ㱻ţδЬ˫Ȼû֪ȻǸоһ˿⡣
Ŷ𣬽žȻ䣬ǲǻоȰ
ͽȻƭң˵ʲôȷˣҪӦ¶ȶоŶԡ
ˣȻҪˡ
ʶֽ°һЩȻ˫Ӧû֪ȴܸܵȣнȾů⡣
ȴǲûзһĻ
ͥԺƬڵСϽ˵ǹ⡣
СߵĻгͬөһϸС⣬СΪӴǽСˡ
СһƬҹɫ֮С
ʲô
Ϊʲôө֮СӣƼʱЩⶼûƶӦҲʲôСӣȻСǻʲôأ
ûмǺ档
Ļ˵棬ȻּǺĿһƬǹ⣬ǳЦ˵
ɽ飬ҹ⡣
˵ӵϼһϸСӵݵС
űĵСӷĺСͺϵһС
ɽ鰡Ҽǵ˵ᰡϲ˵һֵǧ·˵мţôͽǸ
ôͽôǮ˰Ҳû˵ʲôҵġ
һȻСϵɽѾûˣΧõ磬ʶͷȥͼƻ翣ɾ
֮±һƬ޴ĺƯڰеĹá
ǰһĻҲЩɵˣֻڵϼ޺ƻ𣬾λҲֻܿɽĺڰˣʱƻǳˡ
СͿһ޴ĳȣȶϵɴųҲע⵽Ҷдŵ֣ʡ
ԭΪ볤ȣɲƬ֮ѾһСǰıǼˮеľͷͷϻһСƯˮС
ʦ
Ҳʱͷŵ̴ӭĻš
ܿ죬ͱŷСС
ڴУ⴬ȴ˿ˮ涼ûκβƣЩ𾪵ĿűԼˡ
ͽǵʲôˣȻһ㶯ûС
Ŀֱ̫ף˹ȥȻЩɻسѯʣ
ôˣ
˵㱧˴ڣһ̧һӣԼźƮȥˡ
ʲô磿ڻԪӤڣ
뵽ͷкڵʱѾԪӤڣڶҲͶʮ꣬ûѾԪӤڰ
ͻȻɱԼͽǺ档
ɻģḧīǳЦ˵
¡
㿴Ҳ²£˵˵˵
ŲͷȥȥТͽˣĿˮ֮ϡ
ҲʱƯڰеȫǹƣҲ֪ʲô취Щȫͣ˰вҲ졣
ֱŤ԰׵һͬǰһƬˮ档
ԼĪƬ̣н˻㣬ȥʱѾ˺棬֮ǰĳȾȻ˶԰ûһƬ֮С
Ҳʱŷ뿪Сͼ̤ˮٷ˳֮ʯשϡ
һ˿ǳĻӭ磬˱ǡ
ЩĿһƬ𾪡
Ҫô໨
ԭΪҲһƬˣɴҫĵƻܹ֮⻨һ·ɽͷⳤҲŻһͬɽ
⿴ⳤȾѾǮˣɽĻӦҲⳤȱ˰ɡ
ͽôǮ
ĻЦЦȴδڶųǰͷȥֱߵɽͣ˲
⡤
Ĳ֪ʲôˣҪ˵⻨ӿܻϲҲǸްˡ
ⳤڻ֮ʱһƬ翣ԼܿⳤԶԶֹЩ룬ͺﳤһһһطһطⳤڳ˻Ÿ¥ǲǹᴩٽ
ʱӰʮʣСʦһֱҪķ֮·
˵㱧˳ȱߵķϣŻеЦµЦ֮ԵøǾ
ָḧīʱȴǰԼɱСʦʱ龰޹ĥڶܼǵСʦʱ˵Ļ
ʱӰʮʣҲ
ֻҪ뵽仰ҹᱻСʦʱģѣ֮ǧȻǶСʦʱĻ£ҲɱСʦԼǧ꣬ҪСʦ𣬿СʦĻ궼ֺһ˵
ţ㽫˽ı˻У»е˻ҹһʧǰ
ͻȻ˸еͷ
ɶʱ˵ˣү˭֪ʲôڵš
ŶˣѾģ˵Ŀ϶ǰǸӻʦ
ֻһͲһȵҺ廬䣬˼Ŀûȸվˡ
ޡˣ
ⲻ콣ʦͷûᣬô쿴˸Ϳء
ֱ§ű࣬ҲһʱҲЩ֪ˡ
ǰοǲο
ͣڰеʶҪȥḧıοͷȴûпȥһֻܿһ콣ʦԼĻͷ
ɢĵ㣬ϵů⣬ȴǱʹ
Լ˫ɱˣûкڹΨɱСʦͺˡ
ٽҲû˻ԼͽҲҲû˳ҪԽӣûҪٽ
ÿÿҹҪȥѰСʦӰûˣΪСʦѾڵˣҲΪ˻ںǧꡣ
ҹð˯ֻСʦŵĵ˯ȥɶȫСʦ۵޹ĺۣԼû֣ͣΪĥСʦѡ޹գÿһȥֱȫȥΪֹ
СʦԲͽˡ
͵͵ľѴѡ
ףͽϴϵʲôĴȵĴʲôҲ֪顣
ۣ飬ͻȻϴҺûŰǲ¶ˣĵ
ŵòˣ뵽¶ˣҪĻӳȥȻ󽫷˶µ
˺һǰȴûһ˿§øˣ΢
ˣɣ¸ӡ
ͣ㳯ܿţôһƬٿȻǾ޵
ȻǺܲǮ˵磬ҪôǮҾ͡ҵôǮܻ밡

Ҳ֪̫ˣǱ͵˸˯ʱ䣬͵͵Ĵ˸УȻĻһʵλñ˯˹ȥ
ȵ̧ͷʱֻѾ˯ȥеˮµϡ
ҺСʦˣȻͽĲ֪ĶȥѰˡ
ָ⸧գϸ΢ĸÿһƤǾ
ͼһϸ۽Ǵֽ˱˻ 
ô˼ʱֱʷ˰Σ⻺Ŵ뿪ʮʡ
˯ҲǻģֻԼЩʧأ΢һ˿գʶۡ
ǰЩģ΢ĴҲЩ˹ŷԼƺ֮У޵ƺгһ˿΢⡣
һ΢֮гһգɫ⽫ΧƲ㶼ɢŵɫĽ⣬ǰһĻɾ֮С
ʱּµʮٽ󣬴ʱ˵µٽ󣬾׳
ٽôûǮ
ʶ̧ͷȥǳЦԼЩȵĻԼŸ
ָæȥһҪϵණȥģ
ٽΪ㽨ģСʦļҡ
һһһ㶵ġ
Ϊģ԰ͷ˵ٽΪԼѽͷǻ塣
˵ٽĺ治̫һûᵽôһʮʣҵļ˻ˣôǲ籾ء
ܿ죬˱ѾصڣŻصϺЩˣקѾͻ˯˹ȥ
лҪ˵һǩԼɱӣȻ֪϶ٷְٱɱյɱʱЩԼݡ
΢Сߣo(ini)o
Сʦ𣺹ԣͷҪˣӲܡ


16 
ججӹȥ˼죬ΪڲϰˣڴϳûеӿԿҲûжΥ͸С
ûеӿԿҲܽܣǸģΪʲôͽ춼Ҫ顣
ǲÿС˵ǵӶе⣬Ȼô粽ԼѪСʦģTMӱż˰ɡ
ͱǰһ˫๾Ŀܣǲܾͺͼһ
ּǰͷİ¯̻ŷ޵ͷƵζܺͬʱҲܷ
Ϊʲôϲ⣬ǶѬӵĻǴߵİ
еЩȤ˱ת˸һЩһ˿˫Цš
𣿲Ǹ˯
ۼ˯ԽԽأӲǽ˸˹
˻
յʹ˯ˣʱͿǰЩõƳһۡ
ĲãȴûֹͣĶһߵգֱߵЩ˲֡
˯
ּȻ۵ˣȻЩ⣬ѯʡ
Ļû⡣
Ҷ˯ˣŪˣΪǲ˯ˣ
ֻ۾ԶTM̬ˡ
жһɧǺ޵ȴһСģЩɵĵ˵ͷ
״ַ۽ǣ۽ˮղȥȻЦ˵
˯˲ãЩʳʲô
ţɹԶ˲ͬһ˯˲á
ͷ˯Ҳö˯Ҳöԣ̫ˡ
˵ѣСʦѣޡ
תͷȥʵǲٿͽĺ뽫ȥⰡ̫ˡ
Ҫոմɽ²˼ϻҪ𣿡
Ѿתͷȥˣķīһֱ㽫Щ˿鶼ӷ˿˳
Ѿ˳ִӺͷ§סӣıԴľѴѯʡ
ϣϳôá
æ˵ͷ˯ܿҲɢˡ
һһŮѵŮӣϻһ̡
һֻΪϵŮڴ
Ů˰ǰǰ̷ϣȻ˵һš
ŰͷиɫСӣзһɫĵ裬һŵƮɢ
Ҵ򿪵ķʽ
ͷɵ˻ɵˡ
ŵͷĶ۽ǣֻ۾ˣȻΪʲôԼĶĶȫһ
ϳ
ֽͷĵģȻɻػͷȥ
Ҷƭңⶫ￴ϣڶûԹ𣿿Ҽ
һģȻֿͷĵЩҪҪ˵
˼֮ʣͷһŮŮϵĵͷкõĺɫϿ顣
Ѿڵֿ˿ϵĵ裬ֱӸص˵ͷ
ǰһͣTMǶҩǶҩ
æͷز˺üҪָȾŵӺۼȫɾˡ
һֱӾͷˣ˵ؽ춼ôûз񾭣ԭǷŵѽ
ͽΪʦȰˣ֮ǰͲ֨һȻľͶһУǰҪ·
󻹾ЩžҪȥϴ֡
ԼİѾ˼ָӡü䲻ɵ٬ֿҪֱ㽫˸˻ȥ
ôǣëëġ
ȥǲõĵǰˣ۾ˡ
ͽҪΪʦȸˣΪʦôڻëëġ
ŵƳе˼Цס֣˵
úúãҵĴСʦҪʲôͽȥ׼
ߣǸûģͽҪôԣҸա
̲סָϲɾǸоϻǹҩζϴܡ
ͼ̧˹һŮӵĿŮܿ˳
Ƭ̣Ůһˮˡ
űڰߵˮЩ죬һ̻˵˫־ͱˮзš
ȵůˮ˳ָֻ⣬ȥǿĪֵҩϢ
ֻȥ̧ȥˣԼϴ֣ĿͺǶԴһһСǲ⡣
Ŀֱ̫ףҲˣʱͿʶ˵
ôˣ
˵ִŮȡ˽ֶøɾŽŮˡ
ĵűϵʱ ͷҲһƬ
Ů뿪ջ˱ɾ֣ҡҡͷ
ҡͷҲͲ׷ˣһ̱ȡͷǿҩ裬ϸƺַŻص˵ͷ
ŻȥΪҪɱˣȴָٴγһѷɫεָһŲ
ֱӾ˵ĻͷˣԴҲľ
һԼˣֱǲ⡣
ôˣ
˵󽫵ͷĵҩгķŽ˻ȥ
ջȥĽһ
գһΪͽӶɱΪĨɱˣպա
ôˣųҩԪӤڵڵģСʦһŶȥ»ᱬͽֳķݣųԡ
һһַɵЩЦ֮Щµʲôŵҩ˵һһ֪һ
Ȼȡһݵߣ
СʦȻǷϵģͽ뷨ӸκãԪӤڵڵȻô󣬵Ҳá
뵽ͺǲãСʦĺãƫƫȴǷϵġ
޷޷ֻͨһϲ
ֻҪһ뵽Ϊ϶ȥ뵽Ժǹ¼ŵǧ꣬Ǻ޲ýΪȫעȥ
֪뷨ȴֻǶߵǿŵҩ㶡
ԪӤڵڵģڲۣǲǺ˵ڵ
ôôأС˵ԪӤڵ˲ͦôͽóһԪӤڵڵܲͽǻҪɡ
ŵҩǳ㣬ǿŵҩſҧȥ
ָ⣬Ŵŵҩ˿С
ûеĿɬȴһζͺڳǶһ㣬Ļġ
ֻⵤҩȥû̵Ŀڵλһĳʹ
ˣҾȻĻȥͽĹ
ۡ
͵͵ʹЩܵĿĻУקĿڵλúҪǹʹȫѹȥ
ֻĿھҪѿһɫ԰ָٲһѪۣס󲻿ɿ·ֻܼʹ
ǲҪˡ
ŬۣǰЩѵʳ˻
˵ĿڵʹһνԨ߽û죬ǰģһƬ
Ϊʹü˷ϯϣϡ
ƿѰλãһ̾ͼѾĵﴦһů˳ƻĵڣʼںҳײڵԪ
Ѿ۵ÿҪιȥȴʱܵůۼĿڵǵ˺Ҳů֮¿ʼɢĿڵλû˴۶һů⡣
Ѵůȡ˺Ѱʹůڵ澭ƶӶůġ

üͷҲů֮нɿˣһǳǳĵĴ괫
ˣ
ۣͼǸͽϣů
𣿡
˹ѯʺõҡͷջﴦơ
ůʧһ˿䣬ȻĻ֮
ʲô
뵽ߵů⣬Ǻ棬ߵľǸʲô

˷ű˻У㽫ʣĵҩ
С˵񰡣ԭС˵Ҳ
ô࿴С˵أһޡ˼ô⣬һ˼ʦأҵ˼ͽܻࡣ
̫ˣ̫ˡ


17 
ЩûԼûж࿴С˵ھȻͽʳô򵥵⡣
Ȼ
㡣
һ˾˰ϣԴȫֱͷȥͷˡ
Ҳ֪׼ͽܿ϶ЦԼһͽܵЦˣ˵ȥû˻š
ϵ뵽ŵʻܿͲµͻû뵽СʦȻƤô
СʦûҪԲ֪ЩԺͽѰõԴСʦ𡣡
˵§ʾҪ˴صУҲ֪ôŤӾǲҪ
Ƭ̺е͵͵䴫ûֻܿһЩĶϱߡ
ֲ㣬㵱Ȼν
棬˵
һ콣ʦ㵱Ȼνִ˿ôС˵һ֪˵ȥĶ߶Ц
Ҷ˼ͱ˵ҲǿС˵ˣ̫ˡ
ԼԼǱˣʵָѺܿס򢣬קűԼĻп
ܿ죬ǰĺڰͱȡˣҲڵ滻ҵͽ
ʲô
̧Լקеˡ
ûСʦʧӣͽҲܣͽˣСʦôͽԡ
ɿһЩɿľԼ
ǰžµĻеܿʧˣȡ֮ıһ⣬һ˫ͺһ㣬ϲá
ͷ
ŶͽѰѱ͸Ұ
ʲôԣ
ֱž˵ڣϲã˵
ūҪˣιι
˵ģҲЩΣ֮Ҳ˳ˣ˭ϲСʦء
룬ҪҪ
ҵúú룬ѵþôһΣúúʲôͽǾεġ
ʲôأ
ĻУʶקѣһ˫ȴתţһģ
翴ģε͵͵ҡҡͷ֪ضʲôֵˡ
롣
˵Űϵ顣
룬Ҳˣһ˫ֳűǺģǵǳЦš
ҪͽѧУԲԣѧô׵飬΢ûڲٵ˶ܽˣС
ȻͰһȦã콣ʦѧҪձͷ
ıЦȻһĶǰЦͣЦ˻ֲϵֱۡ
ӣ
Ц֮ģ·ǴӶģǰͷıˣڿЦڻص
Ц˵ӣǲ⣬Ȼͳ˵
⣿
һ⽫Ц˼˻ȥǰӦѧӱıһ¾ͱץϻŵһѪܵģ˲һҲЦˡ
ûû£ġ
æͽЦתͷԶܣΡ
ιͷˣ콣ʦӣָٽͷӾȫˣ˵ٶٶ⡣
ȻͦóԵģǶٶٶе˰ΪԼҲΪӺãܰ硣
˵ͷֽԴת˻ȥĿʱЦĻӦһֵͷ˼ȥˡ
ֻ˺һҲûʲôЩʧ䣬һſ̾
벻𣿡
Ŷߴ̾ͿЩ޾ɣҲû뵽
˵ͷȻôĿǰͷİ¯
ôõĻᵽȴ벻κ飬˷˷ˣ»ؿ϶ûôõĻᷭˡ
СͽʲôȽϺأ
ڱϿˣʹȥе⣬¾ݴһĨҲ֪ǿʲôŻ¶ֱ顣
˳ĿͿ˰ϰŵ飬ͷֺܸɾЩ⣬ִļȫͬ
ͬʱֿʱּɾŰʱһɾ
˵дһ־ӬͷСȷʵͦÿŶ
ſţȻЩֱַ治ʲô»ܹ
ȴҲͷ˼һҲûͷˣǼſڱ顣
ԼĪƬ֮ڵ飬϶ѾСӣȻûҪͣµģǵЩȤ
ͽΪʲôôҪİͲҵ
ףӣ֪ͽ᲻裬ٺ١
дһ˿թһĿתƵʱɻ
ͽ𣿾ǺŮġ
˵Ż㵸ıȻڵӾͷĶȻûһǱ׼ģҲ㹻ˡ
뿴
һ¼ߵģ룬ѯʳ
ֿ֮ڴĵͷЦ§ľϿ͵͵ĻĿд
Сʦ뿴ͽ㿴ֻСʦһˡ
ĻЩûع
콣ʦȻҪ裬ҡǲǵһʦˣĲᱻ
һ𾪵Ŀ֮ĲҲ˵棬ŽָһѰɫȣȵײĶƮ
ЩĿȵˣӿɴʱȴǱŮӻҪϼ֡
ϵˮĶͺƻһ㣬Ĳɷ
ϵ鴫ײʵҲŶ̾һǳӡ
ʱͻȻΪʲôӾͷ嶼ϲˣΪҲˡ
ͽ񾭵ʱȻŻͦÿǸŮȢؼҷͷҲ
ҲʱЦŻߵĸǰеĶӱǰȥ
Сʦ𣬿ɻϲ
ѾӴſǰ֮Ҳֻһָˣŵɢĵ㣬һ˫Цš
գգۿžǰˣһ̱Щɵĵ˵ͷ
ˢ
еȿٴ򿪽˵ڵ֮
ϵᶯ˶һ̱ճȭ
˺һȲű˶Ӳԭλϣг𾪾ͻˡ
ȥͤÿ䡣
˵㽫ȷ˰ߣ˻ȥ
ʲʲôͽ
ȻôԡǶеİôԡ
ͳճմĶڰϣһĿⶼҷϣ¶ۺΡ
ֻҪһ뵽֮飬ô޷лع
˵ԼСʦ֮ΪʲôԼ
ҧҧܹ꣬ܵݹů⣬ܹĴС
ΪʲôΪʲôΪʲôͽҪʲôҸ㲻ˣ
أȥˣǺúооĻǰǸʦİΪʲô
̲ס͵͵ȥдֵĴʶ˴꣬תͷȥ
侲˵ͽأϾҶе֮ͬЩӦҲûϵ
㿴ŮŮ֮仹ʮָۣӦģӦİɣ԰ɡ
Եʲô˼ͽһͲԹӾͲ㻹ǵø£ڶԶˡ
Ͳſڵұˣȫ²͸ǵʲô˵ǵԹӱ볣˲ͬ
Сʦ𣿡
첻ػüţҲֱӾ˵档
һ۾Ϳˣֱʽ˴˻УڿŴԼеľʱǲµ롣
Сʦڻζ𣿻ϲ𣿡
˵ֽŴָ˻У˵ϯϡ
ֻ˾õɴۣдһ˿֡
ͽ㣡
µʱеľֽ˲죬ֻӳš
קѵֽţͺҪѶһ㡣
ͽͶйôô
ԣ˵ʱTMұһеˣ⻹ǵڶΡ
Ϊʲôöģú񻹿Խܰҽ뿴ͽûĺÿ
ܣѵǵеĿŶ
ʶۣ佥ھͬһ
лҪ˵ҲҪСߣ尡


18 
һû˯ţ˺ҹʱֱӾŲŰӿʼڡ
ͽʲô˼ͷΪʲôҲûأ
־ͽСʦһôҴͽܾôϷأ˵ϷѾôôǿмϷ
벻ͨ벻ͨ
ƽڱͷ˫Ϊͷû˯ۿݶɴ
ɿһᵽഫů㣬һӾͱȫĻУ߸Ǵǳǳĺ
˹ȥͼԼϣԼİӶ§˻ͷ
˯Щˡ
㵹ãʧˣԼ˯ô㣬İɡ
־ȥգΪֻţ˾ͻұߣ͸æװ˯
Ƭಢûжĵȥûһ
ûѣͽľһҲ߰϶ᱻжԸ߰ɡ
ˣͽˡ
ᴵһȻʼ𴲣ֻǺһȻûжĲɵô࣬һű㿩Ц
ûѣȻ˯ôȵϸڴĽүˡ
뵽үЦסԺǻүһ˯ȥôжвѣԽүÿζҪеļ˯Ȼʲôˡ
ʱ򱻽ү廨ŵĺ˷ʽˣǾú档
ʱֿ˯ĴҲû˰ǹСǱôˡ
֮Ļһۼ˯ž̧ԼСһԵϷţһ¾ѹĸ
üͷЦŲӽȶĸȻ˴ϡ
ҵȸˣ㣬ѹ㡣
˵Щȥ
Դı䴦һִؿڣȫϣѹһЩ
ţûѣɡ
ԼӵѹˣȴǺιȥһûѹ
ǰ˯ˣԽԽˬֱסıͷ
ѣѣʧԼ˯㣬Ͷ̥ɣ
˵ɿ֣ЩյŲӱתȥΪСȶˣԼСȸƶһ²˻ȥ
ɻȥֿԼŵֱָۣţֱָš
ͽֻͦÿְϸôÿҪôսϵ
ַ˸ƽıУͬʱԼԱȣʱŷԼƾȻҪСһЩɵЩ졣
еģƾʲôͽֱһҪһ㣬û
ֻ֣ϸţôԱҪСһЩʱЩˡ
֮¾ֱӽָȥһ̱㴫ˡžһ죬ͼֱѾ˴ϡ
ôһŵˣʶȥһ
ûãûѣС
عͷ͹ԹԵı׼˯ֻ⻹ûһۡ
˯ţͽ˯ôôôˬء
УϱһŵģǸԲҡ
ת˸ͰſϣеѹȥüģЩ˵Ц
ͽôԱʦ˯ţѣѡ
ֱסĳţ˻ûѾתĶö䲻
ͷɫͷļһڵʶЦû뵽ʦСʦڡ
˺һˣſϣһԴôľѴ͵͵Ĵ
ͽת˾Ȼûѣк۰սУҾһս
½Щ۵ıۣƬ֮ǳǳĺѾ˯˹ȥ
Ӧó˯ȴʱۣһ̵ȥſϰ˯ˣڵͫнȾһ˿ů⣬һǳЦ
Сʦôô֡
˵ֽ˫ȷֿŹʣָı§˻С
ᵽϵĵʱЩĵľ˯գЩ԰׵ʱЩõü
ѾôˣôĲ԰ס
ָķݣֻһ־ͱקסˣžͷ͡
ǳǳĿҧܿʹˣԼָſҧЩ죬֮۶ˡ
צԼצ
૵ľѴĶУƬ̣֮Ц
צǷצɡһֱͽѵΪ⣿
ԼָҧţûдóĶǾô֡
һ㷢Щʪ䣬ۿȥͷԼҵСʦȻˮˣһ½Ⱦʪˡ
ԼָϹŵ˿Ƽǵˮգ̲סЦ
Сʦжˮˣ
͵͵Цͷת˱ߣʪˣֱȾĺ󾱴
Цֻ̫ܶһǳǳЦȻΪǳЦ΢ţǵĿˮȫȾľˡ
֪Լ˴µ˯һڼֹסʶµĿˮֻ£֪佫ʪˡ
˺һֹסЦʱʪ͸ˣֻܱϵλƶһЩ˯ˡ
ֱʳһ˿΢⣬ҲǳǳĴ˵ķŻص
Լ½Ѿʪ͸ˣЦҡҡͷ
ԡ֮һŴӺߵ齱ʱӶ¶ڱͷ߻вˮգֱ㽫Ĩȥˡ
Сʦͽһͻ
ڴƬ̲뿪޵
ߵͷʱŸոűߵŮ
վű߿ʵ⣬ȻվڱϵŮ˵
֪ͨЩ嵭ģżһצ
Ů˵ͷӦˡ
Ƭ̺ڰļһǰ
ֻʶ㿴ľµĿˮڲڡ
ʲô
һһֱԼüűĻѯʡ
һ״ע⵽ԼʧæҡͷȻų˵
ʦɾŷհǰҪСӣ֮ȻѾ˵ǰڵȻٽͷ뿪
һ˵һɺ⣬̧ʱͿеĺ˪ٵͷȥˡ
ڣ
һվ̨µļһƬ̧̺Զ֡
ԼСʦӰڴ꣬ڴδҲҪǰҲûС
СʦŻ£ڵ˾ѰţѰСʦĻѰٽġ
϶Ҫʲôأ
ü£ֻ˺һҲ벻ͨھҪʲô
ȻΪʲôҪҪСʦ𣬿СʦȻٽǾ;Բͻȥ
ǲˣ
Ҳʱ뵽Լǵ飬Ҳ֪ˣѯš
ʦСӵѾˣʮǰ˴ƹɽµϪм˱ľڵСӣ˱㽫Сӱ˰ڸСΪǷ飬԰Ҳֻѣδκѧʶ
һ˵һߣԴ̧ͷȥˡ
ߣ϶ĸһ飬ȥ顣
£ת޵
һָ޵뿪ԭء
żĽŲʯשϣߵʱ԰׵ü
һֱиɻͷζⲻ
СʦĻʶΪλһʱסͷ˻Сʦ𣬿ԼǰͷĻʶȴˣζ֣ʲôСʦĻʶǰأ
Сʦĳֻ᲻ǰҪйϵǰСʦҲ˰ȴǺ޶ǲ⡣
ڴ齱˺һŴһͷɻ뿪޵
лҪ˵СʦҶû˯أͽô˯һŵģ
Сͽܣװ˯


19 
ڶգʱŸչîʱͷ˳ֵ֪żһЩȸǱЩϸ΢ˡ
󣬰ۿܣϤľŻعԼˣһͷԼǸǵıСʦ
ľֱӳǳǳϸ۲ŴŹУɿ֡
ֲܺûƼӰŵԴ˯üضǰȥʱֻȥüء
һصʱԴӵ˱ͷ˯˹ȥ
͵͵غڱϻصʱͿСʦӲڴϣӻ¶ڱͷ͵Ц
˯治֡
˵Ѿߵ˴齱ߣ˴ᱧ
ǳߵڲӱƶ󣬻ۣǰʱֹԹԵıۡ
˱ַŻصԭλŸϣŵĶ˵:
˯˱ţһ͹
Ժ˵ۣľʱԹԵ˵ͷӦһá
Ӧֱ֮˯˹ȥ
ɿӵ֣ȥ˺
ŵļСŮ޵ʱֻᵽ˵ڴǳ㣬ɴůƮţ·ʱͷȫڱͷ˻æԴȥˡ
Ŷ󣬼СŮſ첽뿪޵
ܿ죬ԡѾ˺ǰƼڷŵźȡߵ˴ߡ
ϽųһСɽµʱȾЦ⣬һ˴Ͻ˴ӱͷ˳
Сʦˣһžˡ
Żǻججһû˯ѵ˱˻ᰲš
ӱͷڳʱЩ£ۿǰˣðز
ʲô
˿Դûѣ˲ǸʣһЩɵʳ
֮ƼϰڵĶ۾ž緹˼
Ǻǣ緹˼Ƕɣҵһٳԡ
˵ĻбһϾҪ˯ȥģ
״ЦЦ㸩Ķ˵
Сʦ˯һͽ㴩ѡ
˵Ҳûûȡ˷ڴߵİͿʼϴ
һجج˯ôڴѣȵѶϺһͷģĻС
֮ͱȥϴһǰЩ㶵ϰŵţð춼һճմģ
Ӷǰʱģֽձߵķ˿۵˶Ȼѯų
ʲô
˵󽫷һȡ˹ͷţͷŽ軺𣬺һŽ˱ϡ
ЩƬĻͺһ۾ͳȥ
״ֽ˽סûԴֱӾͿ˵ϣַӿԼĻУȥȡһЩ
ȡߴ˼ǳĺȥʱͿ˯ա
뵽ҹֵ˯ȥҲѹڻ
ۼһʡµģЩ۵ĵ˵
Ҫһڳԣ
˵˽ˣɻеȴ˶
§סľЩΰѵĶֹš

δĻֻɻӦš
һȶ
͵͵ţǸ˯ɤЩɳƣڶһ㣬
§ظıһŽĿϣ֪ԭЩСʦԵġ
ֻǸʲô֪治֪ʲôˡ
̧һӺһ̾Ů첽˽
ʦ
ߵǰŮԴһԸ
Щ˰ɣŵ˻
ŮĻ͵ӦˣȻ˳תȥˡ
ȥƬ̾мŮŽϵĶȥ޵ںָֻܿһƬ
ŰһԺֿЩ΢ĽëָЩȥḧš
ָŸĽëЩܵıۣû˴ۡ
ֹһŮһŻ޵Ƽǰʱ
ʦ
˵վһࡣ
ڻе˷˵
Сʦʲô
ôҲЩˣĻվڱϵˣԼҲµ˿϶ǳʦˡ
Ŀջغһš
ƼͷЦſ˵
СԣҪ̵ģҪ塢Ǹ⡢Ҫţ˿СʱҰϲţ˿ˣǵòͲܳˣͻȻԣҪǵһҪ
˵ֱۣƼͷʱֻ˸߲ҵļŲˡ
վһĳʦž˵һģȻû˵꣬ʶ̧ȥɿǳЦʱ֪˵Ĳ˶ҪһһĶˡ
뵽ҲͲκɻǵ˵Щ
ҪһҪ
űϵĳʦһŽ˵ˡ
û緹ûģ˵Ѿʮûгˣô԰
ʦЩɻ̧ͷĲ˶֪ʲôֻʲô
СӣǺ
ףû
ɣ߰ĶУôĶȻûУ
ÿϧỹûرԣһͺԡ
ʧ䡣
һֱԼСʦƼʧĿʱЩۣḧݣ˵
Ƕʲôģ˵˵ǲǳƺһ
˽Ļˣ֪ǰ֪ĵطסһЩĳƺЩͬ
һĻ£תͷȥϵĳʦһų˵
ɳȻ󶪵ը˵ľֵġôҾͻˣҲ֪ôˡ
ųʦһԺģеɥԼݶݲһοҲһͷˮģ֪ԼⲨжǣǿ
һԴײײļͷʧ
ʧģü뵽֪ȲߺҲֻƬ̾ͣˣ֮Ҳûбֳ̫ʧģʱֻΪǹ򶨣ȴû뵽ղһžȻʧ䣬ʱЩЦ
ԼҵСʦ𾿾ĴأǾֻһԻֻԳԵĸȤ
һֱײԴȴʱͣײ˫⿴˳ʦЩ˵
һ뵽һʣǱ߽ӣӣԶԶԾûӡ󣡡
˵ڴųʦɿųʦԺģֵͷ
ˣûоˣҳСɣմųԡ
Щʧ䣬Ȼſ档
ԵԵǸˣͷȥ԰ҲܳǸζ
ôĶΪʲôûУְ
ʦ˵̧ȥʾ˼ֺתҪ뿪
ֻ뿪ǰԴͻȻƮһ˵ôһЩǱֻعЩСĿ˵
С˵Ļ᲻ը˫ϣŽըСԣըЩִ࣬С˵ĵЩ񡣡
ʦȷ˵ЩԵõܲ㡣
⻰˵꣬վڲԶˣϲá
ԶԶԣ϶
㼤ģҲ֪ӦþˣЦſ˵
ȥɡ
ʦһȻ˳޵
еҾ˵ôĶĶ϶Уûͷ˾ʲôûˡ
Ժ緹ˣڲóͽ׼ЩСˡ
һ˸˵ģ§ӣԴľϵĵ㡣
һҶƬ̺˫һĨ죬ҲȾˮա
ͽأ
лҪ˵΢С߽컹˫Ϊ½ͷ죬尡


20 
ͽﰡ
ЩŵĶ˶ӣֻһȴǲٶˣΪоԼѱˡ
ͽҪʲô㣡
ɴЩ𾪵Ŀ˸ðע⵽ͷˡ
ŻӲ§űпֵĶǳЦ˵
Сʦôˣ
ȵϢĶϣһʪ󣬾ֽӲһЩ
ҲҶңҲ𶯣ǧ𣡣
ֻͷźע֪ΪһѾˣָ⻺໬մ˵棬߸ǳǳĺܺȴҲ
һͬ˵棬ײȫûᴭУֻӱһЩ
Ҳʱӱѹǰȥѩ׵򢱻̧ͷʴůⲻϵʴ˼˶ɵ
㣡
̫ˣų
ֻ΢Ĵ˵һ֣նûЩصĺ֮С
΢˫ŲԶɴһгһƬ󽥽ȾˮգķʱĲɷ
ӴɵýҧŴ꣬ɫǺĿҪѪҪӱȴǺް취Ҳָֻš
ˣǳЦĶߵ˵
ԣһˣСʦ۵ġ
ͳĻдЦǵӲĸˡ
ԭСʦͽϲֻһ仰ͷ
˵͵͵͵ЦЦڻصš
Mͷ̬ТͽܣȻʦ
ſңſң
ĻҲ֪ǱĻΪӵԭɫĸˣſҪǳ⣬ȴʱֱסĴ꣬ҪڵĻȫ˻ȥ
˫ֽק󣬼ҪקΪֻһϸϸץۡ
һһ֮УĿڵλôһʹ˫ЩݵĿʼ΢š
ҲʱеıԽԽ󻺻һᡣ
ˮźֱϣһֱ棬ԺһƬ硣
ԴϣĿЩɢĿŲԶƣð춼ز
֮ʣв𾪣ôŷŷ顣
Լĵһνǽڱ˵УҶԷǸӣеԽˡ
Ҫһжˣһָ̱̽˿Уһζζе˼˻
ȥζϴεľȻεǡ
ҲܣҲܣ
ҳȥԼġ
ۣƿҪȥ£ֻ˾֪һ㣬ֱӰ˻С
ĿԣЩ𾪵Ŀǰˡ
СʦǴӦͽģôʱҪڣ
˵ţ˵Ĵǽͷĺۼһһȥˣֻȴζ³
һĻЩᣬӶ߶µĲҶĶ²ҲԣŵҪ
ԣȥСʦϲģ
ָһֱѹĴϣȥ㲻֡
ϲMPöģöģȽͽﻹҪģϻʱҲ
ˣͽһˣ
һͨŭڲָʱȴʶ̧ͷľȫǰ
ȥͬʱҲ³ŻϢƵˮ򢣬ָͣϡ
ָǵᣬע⵽ȻûȥЦŵĶżůպ˵
СʦҪܳͷġ
ͷʲʲôͷ
ҪְɣûѾܲˣڲֻܶʹģҪ
æҡͷĿ½еĶȥصζʵü
ü֮˼Ƥ֮ǰ֪ʲôʱܽܣ֪ʲôֻ˶ˣĻб
ȿȡȡŻ
̬ӣ̫ˣȻʦTMӱż˰ɡ
ĸдôĽɫTMǱˣӦֱȥ¯찡
֮»ŸŻֻθһ󷭽ĵЩͷתקЩܵϲϵش
ڸŻ֮ѵģȴﴽЦЦ֮Ž˱ȥ˺ԡ
˴ůسʱѾãصԭλϣ̧ʱǰ°ȴûһ˿Ȥ
뵽Ÿշ飬˶ˡ
˶ʮ꣬ŮѶû̸˵ˣȻȫ͸ͽˡ
һ̧̣ŭ⡣
Ҫɱˣ׺ݵԽˡ
ֻĿ⿴ȴһģˮյ˫΢ţűǺÿ
ݺͽľϣЦų˵
СʦǻҪ𣿡
ɤЩɳƣȴϺõļһ㣬˳ԡ
ֵͳɤƭΣǿԼԱƭˣÿȻǰһƬģֻɤ֮¡
֮ע⵽Ļæҡͷ
Ҫ
ҡͷ֮ͽװûп㽹ĳ˵
ֻһ̣㿴ĿЩ⣬ΧϢȾ⣬ʶӣЩˡ
̫ˣô˵ͱò˻ˣ
סܽԼĴڸУֻ˶ڻͷ˽˼Ҳע⵽
֮ģάƬ̣Ķ´ˡ
ַֻգȥĿ֮һǳǣɿ֡
ˣŰɡ
˵㿪ʼΪˡ
̧͵͵ɫѾûһ
ˣһΪҪŭˣҪͣˡ
ɲʲôˣôֻҪһ־ܽԼһŪĽڣǸһΥˡ
ˣ͵ոյһˣҶеģҾ͵ͽԳ˰ɡ
ͽԳҲһ飬ɣҹҹ
һٰ֮ЩˣǰĶֶǰԵģҲͽЩ鶼ȥˣרĳ˶
򢿿ߣָݽձߵīõŰš
СʦĴ󰡣ЩˣȻҲֻһŤѣ˵ǰҲСʦ¡
ΪйԲ˵Ĵ󣬼ʹһ˶ν
СʦֻԼſӵУ˭˭ԣ
뵽Ŀڷɬ˫ҲҪɱ˶СʦˣҪ˫ĿڳҪ١
ֻҪһ뵽СʦģƼɱ⣬ڶ
̧ͷſӵֶ
ͽôողǻúõΪʲôͻȻֿʼˡ
˫ֲĸˣǹɱѹȵЩˤ˵棬Ǿ֡
״ֱס򢽫˴űԼǰеľ֣˵
СʦǲҲ£
ŮѶûҺ˭ȥ˵һزҽԺţҾ룬ʵҲ
˵ҸͲºòã컹ҵģ
Щҡҡͷ̯ϵĶʲô°ԸҪڡ
ҡͷеʧˣӱ㱧˻УǳǳЦ˵
Сʦͽ㣬СʦҪԸͽͽ⡣
ҪүһҲҪӣ


21 
ڵһžͳãڳ˵ʱѾһʱˡ
ЩԲĹĵĶЩ۵ĿĻͷϻ˳⣬Щķ㶡

Ա˯˯˼ԣӼֱð
ҧӶá
ŲųžֿʼʳЩεҡҡͷҡͷ֮ȴҲûпڶ
ԼƬ̣ͷ˼һ
ʦá
ǲӵʦ˵Ӧͽġ
ʦʦӦóʲô
һͷˮҧ⿪ʼ˼Īֵ⣬ʦʦͽӦýʲô
ûǱͻ˴ϣֽѺ˲˱ͷһ׼˯һģ
ǲˣȻֽһⶪ˿Уգ۾Ŀ
ףǲŵ˼
ҪҪȥϾʦȻҲʶô˵ǳ
ԲԣӶоˣӦһ۾Ϳˣˣ˼ҵıͽͻȻͱԼˣ˵ͷͽϻҪҡ
ͽӻ㶺УɱԼ
˯˯ҵֲҵġ
ĻͷѰһʵλþʹ˯ֻǲűȴЩ˯ţЩҪԶ
֪ոǸһˣͦó԰һΪ̫Ķôóš
⣬⣬⡣
Ĭ֮£Ӷ⣬ԹĿűĿ
ĿԹʵ̫ˣۣһֱЩɻس˵
ôˣ
˵ֿǻһмֱ㽫мˡ
ָǺʶ򣬷ûʲô˵:
⡣
⣬⣬⡣
״üֽ˻УĶһαۡ
ٳ԰ɣԶһܡ
͵͵ͷ
̧ƣȻƲıۡ
Ҳ֪Ǳͷůϵů㣬ֻƬ̼Ѿ˯ȥˡ
˯˿һʱ뿪ˡ
˯˺һᵽһζʲôӵζĲˡ
㰡
֮лۣ˯ѵЩԺݶɴ鴫Ҳܺ
ꡪ
ʱߵ˿ҧ˼˻
ȥʱͼſһԼĪʮŮڿźͮͮͬƻһĹӡ
ĿҧһϢ˳ƮıϢ䡣
ŮѹˣЦЦʹŮȥǾƯ
ŮܺÿȵЩǻҪÿࡣ
뵽סԺʱڽүҵСŮҲôſԼĴԼôĿɰ
ŮЩһЩŰſڴߵ˵
ʦСʦ𰡣õǿԣǲ̫ˣžʦ̫ڡ˺µʱʲôо˵˵¡
ԭܿɰĻ΢飬˶Щˡ
ǺǣɰƯʲôһջȥɣһż˲Żɰ
ûĸʮСʳֻһʵôֱף˺£ô֪û
ӴɿѻһЩ¶ͷ״ֽѳ˻ȥ
ֻǳȥƼߵŮһЦ⣬ɻҲ֪Цʲô
ŮЦһҧһڹӣſ˵
ʦΣûС죿
˵գװ˸ģ
ĻֿĶɫˡ
TM˵ʲôҳһcaoģôҼôôͽû죡
ԣûͽʲô飬˭ʵʲôֵ⡣
˭
Ŵ齱ߵˡ
ŮʻԼû˵֣ȻЦ˵
ҽаܣסѹ˵˵˵˵ʦô
˵ֽ⳶ص˷ŵˣڴ
ڴϵʮСЩ𾪣𾪵ĲǾʦļ֡
ܣͷǸɱ˲գ۵ݵһʦTMǸʮŮ
˵ȥ˭Űö֣ɱΣٽʮǰˣTMڶ
ǰܣ
Щţʵ̫󻯣ݳªԸƧɱ˳ԣǰ˾Ưһޣš
ʱʱ򻹾ݵһʦֻͦɺڿһŮѪŰ֪Ǿɱ˳Ϊλˡ
ƼһЦϲʰԵʮŮ޷ǸԸƧİΪһ塣
𾪵ģ˵ͷ
һ֣ʲô𾪵ġ
ҧŰֹ߶š
ͷڨЦһЩɲ˵ʲôλСڣͽߵ˶⣬Ҫ˼һˣԼַз
뵽ͷһЩ
ѾͷĹӶˣ˴ϣ߶µģ˵
ôôСʦСʦһܶ¶ɡݵĶĲһ𣿡
˵֮󣬰ܱƿϵı죬¶ЩӲ˫
ݣʲô
ףҵ˶ͽȻôº͵ķһΪǰҵĽŽˣ߹ͷȫ˲ϣԭֻж
־ͽȸŲ԰׵еСģоʹ
̧ڴߵİܣ˫ֻԼȣæȷȥ
ܼ״ֱҪȥƼһŵģҲͣˡ
ô˵СҲ֪ʦϲʲôȲӻͲʦڵġ
һԼ¶ģεֹ˵š
뵽ʦСʦǰ϶ͽô̳ΨΨŵŵģžϲ
һ飬Щŭ
侲侲㲻һԪˣ˼ҿάռģ㶥Ƕάռġ
˼Ҵһ׾ʹˣ˼ҲĥһѪƤ
侲侲ǧҪˣͽ㶼ˣһ㻹̲
ĳһcaoģôôˬء
ּͽָǻصϣȥܣ۲Ϊ
ܿģͻȻЩΪʲôʦˣԹܾ֪һͷֹš
žƯϸдƵ̬Ĳ԰׾ͺڸױ/ϵǸ
뵽ܱ̲סЦѹ֣ѹ֣ԭǼɵԼʵ¸ŭԡ
ǿôһܶҪ۸ͷҪƵǱ۸ʲô̶λСʦŻ¶
Цɻתͷ˹ȥЦǰıɻˡ
Ƿûʲô飬Ц
Цʲô
ڰͲס棬͵͵ѯʳ
ֻЦûͣ£ԽԽǿЦ
ǸȳɵģЦ˺һŽֹסЦ۽ǵỨЦˡ
Сʦ֪дˣѽ۸ң/ϡ
˵ŶЦ󻹹˴Ц
д/ϣôܣϴʱһˣһžհܺÿǲ԰һѡ
ԣѵͽ˯ʱҵдʲôֲɡ
æȥգֻ˺һҲûʲôɫȥþӡ
ɲŶ˶ӲԼȶˣֻ֮װƲ
ܼ״ֹסЦȻſڴ϶ȾһͣСȶϡ
ôһɧĵɴֱۣȥӡ
ʲô
УæԼȸ˳
ȿžһΪʱ䲻ߣŰܵĶǵ۶˲ɡ
ߣ
ŴӴվڱϱŹӸµڴԺ


22 
ڴϵˣֽ֮ĿЩֲ԰һ˫ϣһš
֮ߵһůͺһ˵ģǵü
ҪҪô찡ⲻͽסȻôеĺȲ裬һҲͽ
Ľˣʵ˹Ȼпʸѽȫûнͽ
ӦõЩ˵ͷ벻ͽ췢񾭡
ܽеůһ꣬Ȼķϴһ㿪˵
Сʦжվͳ׷ˣҰ
˵ͳ򢿴ڴϵˣԵЩģͺȵĲ˶һЩˡ
ʲô˼ǻоȵ˼
оȣ
Щɻĳ
ǳǳЦЦЦִ֮ӻͷȡһŰҧţҧ֧֧˵
ȻⶾҲܽ⣬Ϳ벻ˡ
ŰܵĻԸԼⶾЩˡ
ɸ֮뵽ݵİˣɴδλʦȹʲôˣӲɱ˾Ͳˣ˼ֱǳ롣
űѪˣͲɵĭ
ֻܹͷֲ˼һӳأҲʧʲôҲ͹ԹԵ˵ͷ
һ̣Ҿˡ
ܼͷˣҧŰЦǳǳЦվǺÿ
ֻ˵Ļȴü٬һҲ
û˯
ô˵콣ʦСʦ𣬰ܶҲͽ°ˣҪԼ̣λͦĵͦõġ
˵һʮŮޣҶѾʮˣӦýҹүүŶԣҽ̣С
̡
ǳǳĻվڴߵЦźһſ϶Ц⣬ļҪһ㡣
㻹˵һƴĻͦ۹
κȰ·˵ܣٽ
ֺ²ҪҾɵӣڲܳ𣿷ֲܳԣֻҪôλʲôҶܸг԰ɣ̡
գ۶ŰЦЦһСֺõģ
ôͻȻͺ˹̵Ǿ˰ܣڴڸֺõˣһ
ʦСʦȻҹ̣ʦˣҪʦ֪˻᲻ҵƤЩ
һʦ̣
뵽ܱߺЦ
Ȼ㶼ҹˣⶾ̶Ҫ˵ģİɣһһ˫ȡ
ظŰƱһܿ׵ģ
ϣ̡
ǺŰܵģϾ˼ҿݵһʦϵĶҪⲻԱյѵȥˡ
뵽ԼԺܣЩֺǵ˶
ǹ̾Ȼȥ׼׼У㲱ϵĺۼҪʦҪ㼸أⲱõĵطûˣ
ܼ˵ģҲŸƼǴССĺۣʶѯʡ



һʼɻ𾪣һ˫ɵüȻǶĻ𾪵Ĳˡ
ֿ˾ΪƲҲ˺üء
̧ʱ˰ܺĵݹľӣڿͷʱЩһ̧ιȥˡ
⣡
žͷЩ԰ף׵Ĳˡ
ͿԼľǳǳССѪɫۼʱЩĲϸš
ҲǶ̫½󶼳һЩڳ֮ŷǵλúۼҲԣֱҪͷ²ĥĺۼһ㡣
⣬ҡ
ƼԼڵˮȫһ۸ݣӵѪɫۼɲ˼Ұ˵д۸ѽ/Ұ
ͽҪʦţһҪʦţһҪ
žˣ۶ˡ
ֻǸģŭӷȴϧˡ
Ҳʱ޵ͷһ̱һϮ˽
СʦҪ˭ʦţ
ǳǳлһĨЦ⣬ֱͦˣһûΪŹȶͣЪˡ
վԭصİѾֿǸèģת͵͵Ц
ںƼվڴ齱ߵİܣü΢壬Щá
˭ģСʦ˵ʲô
ڰܳڣǲϲһҲСʦܡ
˰ܳһƯµǰܻջģСʦеϣ
һЩŭˣڴϵ֣Ȼһ޵
뿪İ˺סһƼĿŵûæתȥˡ
޵һ¾˼žڴϣһ˫Ķű죬һ
ˣΪʲôͻȻͻˣˣˡ
ҾȻͽ˵Ҫʦţˣˡ
һͷȥվŵˣȻܹܵӰӹǶΪӰš
Сʦ𷽲˵˭
װͷڹˣһЩĶ˵š
ȵϢľϣһӶֱͦһЩ˫ǲɵ¶һ˿־塣
ˣͽˣôô죡
û˭˰ߵȣ
֪ôʱ°´һ⣬קűָҲ˲ˣܿͱ塣
СʦҪһССͽöð
ڵС͵͵ػЦ⴫ĶϣͬʱҲӿ־г˻
еЦʱ֪ǻġ

ҷ˻ͽˣеôܻỳС
ԣͽΪʲôҵĶ⣬ʲô¡
еɻ͵Цָٻ۽ǣḧ΢Ľë
ߵЦЩ࣬۽ǴůЩʵգգۣһſ˵
ͽǲǳǳҩˣôС
˵֮ɵˣ˶ˡ
TM˵ʲôܻܲеͽΪʲôҪҵĶⰡ
ֻǻջأӾͱȫĻУӷˡ
԰СʦͽҪ
⻰úҲûʲôֵģܾ˼ˡ
ҪҪʲô
Ļͷɢů㣬˼ͷ˼ǲ⡣
ÿ춼ƿΪͻȻЩĻˣ׺˶ԵЩͻȻ֮ЩˣһĴĶЩƣ
ܿ죬Ѱһʵλ׼˯һ
Сʦ𡣡
Сʦ𡣡
ǳǳĻĶ߻صůĺ价ģ˯Ҳ͸ˡ
СʦĶͷĲܻһССͽ𣿡
µСĺָ¸ţֻǿСбů⡣
һ̽˷ڴϣϣֱȥ¶°ָһĺ󾱴ֻһ㳹׳˯˹ȥ
Ѿȫ˯ȥˣϵĺۼЦḧš
õСʦԼһ˵ģá
ĸˣ˯еȴ˯һҲ̤ʵеһֱ۸
ͷʱ˶յ˫Ⱦˮգһģ
㱻̧һƶһЩ֮һͺӱ˲ϵҡһ 
СʦСʦͽһ˵ģ֪𣿡
ǰ˻µˮ§ĺ󾱽˴һ˳Ķ˷˿֮䡣
лҪ˵ǰҰȥҽԺȻĿ죬ȥһҽԺɹѺľȫˣŬĻž顣
Сʦͽ쿴¥иߡ
СͽСʦڿˣҵĵأҵĵأ


23 
һ˯ر̤ʵﱻȥ۸󻹲㱻Եŵһֱܣÿζᱻץȥ
һαץȥѹڵϲ͸ȫݴˣžͼ
һ֮пۣڱ޵ʲôûУ
ϵش˺һ˳
̫̫ˣһΪıͽԵˣΣá
һĨȥ˶ĺա
ʱߴǳǳĺʶת˹ȥ㽫ԵȭͷҪҹȥ
ֻǲ̧첲۵һ˿ûУǱеľһ㡣
ʲô˯һȫ̱ˣ
ףôİ
ͽͽӶˣҺ̱ˣ
֮£òѹ¶ŭš
ĺУֻۣǲ۾Ϳһֵģü
ôˡ
ּ佫˱Ȼϸ鿴ӣûʲô˺ŵѯš
Һ̱ˣ㿴ˡ
˵Ҫֻֻ֣־ǧһȴˡ
ˣˣȫ̱ˡ
˴Խ鲻ǳĺģôҲǷȾȫ̱бҸҵ
ѵԺֻһڴ𣿲вУһģ
ɫ԰һƬеľָζֹס
һҪ̧ȴ̧ģۡ
᲻ѹˣ
˵ʼֱֻֻۣƬ̣ȴ۵Ĳҽ
ۣͷǷ𣿡
ĵطһʹ۵ǰһѣΣûлʹȥ
۵ֳҲֻ֣˫ȴȻûκηӦü
𣿡
˵СĽַֻ˻ȥɿΪʹ԰׵Щˡ
֮һӣͼһϸСɳ޵ŷȥڼ޵ʱٻΪʧˡ
ֿҧסĴ۵̽ȥĴʱ˵
ԣҧԼҧͽġ
ѾҧѪֻܶĴԼֱ۷˹ȥ
Ƭ֮䣬Ͼʹ˴ۣͼҧ
ҩʦһˣ¡
˱ڻУָĸīİš
ǳǳĻͬůһ㴫ĶУ޷ȴһʹЩЩסӡ
ʹʹҲʹ۵ֱͷͽַųԹһ
ʹ벻̱Ҳ̫ʹ˰ɡ
ҧ󣬶Ҳʱϵ˺գɫ԰׵
ҲʱǻдһϢһ˿ů⡣
ʱ˹ʱŷԼȻҧѪǰǰϳһۣѪҺԴԴϵĴ󻺻ɫϡ
Ѫˡ
ʺѪҺԴԴϵϣҲʱھΣڿʱԵЩί
Ҳע⵽󴦵Ѫˮֻûзο˺ۻԼСʦҧģҲ͸νˣСʦ
ͽû£Сʦ𣿡İ
šüЩɵĵ˵ͷ͵͵š
ۣܾӶһۡ
ܿ죬ҩʦָٸˣʱͿһⱻ۸˵ģűͷ
ҩʦĵͿüȴҲûг߳
Сʦӹ۵ʲôԭ򡣡
վڱϵҩʦ˵
ҩʦ˵ͷŰֻҩʦ˿ȻֽĿƵϣһͷˮ
ҩʦ˭ѽôǶͽ
ܲͽҲʲôëȻҩʦһ˳ɡ
뵽Ҳҩʦһ
ŵȴ˿ջĿ⡣
Σ
û棬Ҳֻ֪ΪʲôСʦ۵ô
ҩʦѹʹһ˵һţĿһֱ֮ƶţϺĻȴǿںͷô˵ǵеˡ
ע⵽ĿʱҩʦٵͷȴȻǲҳ
ҩʦģ֪ʲô֮⻰йأǱ˵
ȥͷš
ҩʦҴ뿪޵ȥͷ
ҩʦ˵ʲôѽ
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Сʦ𣿡
Ŵˣš
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СʦСʦ𡣡
ֻǻǵûԽԽжſ־뾪ţű۵еҲˡ
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͵͵ǳǳĺʧ޵ͷ
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24 
ڶԹ緹ĻͷԸ㣬һһֱԵֻʣһ黹ڵͷ
ųԵĻ̲סļͷϸСмָ⻺棬˵
ôó𣿡
ͲϲʳʱԵֻһ㣬ͻȻЩ㾿ǲôóԡ
ҧһһֺ̧ȥˣһɻŵ˵ͷ
ͦóԵġ
˵ֻعͷȥԶ
״ʹԼһδüӦʱȥǵһмһζܿĿӡ
ģСʦζ
֮鼫õļ顣
ѾϰͻȻ񾭵Ҳֻһ¾תͷһˣڼ仹ǻὫĿ޵ϣҲ֪ڵ˭
ôûǲûҩ
һڴһʧģǵǲ⡣
һһǺͳһֱſڣϣһ̰ܻŽҩ
ڣƳȷʵڵˣһ˿⡣
Сʦڵ˭أ
ˣͽҪ֪ҪԼȻֱӽҵȸˡ
˴ˡ
ӲӸæһԼһ̱ԹԵҡҡͷǹɵЦš
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򵥵һʻȴþһмĲһ㣬ֻҪ˾ͻ˲䱻С
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С˵ΪſԼһȴһƬ䣬ΧƷȫۿɼٶȽ˱˪޵ڱ˱ѣ䵽ǡ
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Сʦֻһڵ㰮ˣӳٽأ
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ĺ໷ƣƽȫ뺮֮һ㣬ĳˮϢĻᶼûС
һ̺䱻סļأǲĿǰˡ

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ΪܶǳЦɿ˳īֻ֣ŲӵȴûɿǴ˿Ķϡ
ָһ˳ľƶһЩϣƸů⣬ʱžһǳһĺۼȾ˲һɫ
ȴҶͻȻȻֱĲӡ
̫ţϢô࣬Ķȴͬһ
СʦҲֻʱŻԹԵ
˵֮еּһЩڿüͷʱЦ
ȻСʦֻƿԼͷʱģͽѾѹĵ׵ĶҪúó㣬СʦΪʲôҪսͽĵߡ
һܾܶȡһյ˼ǲǾܶȡе˼Ȼļۡ
Сʦò̡
֪ʲô뷨ȴܵΪȱԺһƬհף˵˾ѡ
СʦңʲôԼ
Ķһѯš
Ҫ֪Сʦ飬Ҫ֪СʦܾʲôԼҪ֪Сʦǲͷװ˱ˡ
ҲʱǯĶҲһЩͺǹҪĽһ㡣
Ϣɿֵ˲ıϢ䣬ӿķβʹ˼ࡣ
ȿȿȡ
Ϊȱ̫ãЩĿĻţжȾ˱
ǲ˵ˡ
ûлػеŭԽԽ
ոڣTM챻ˣҴһᣬ
ˣô˵
ԹԵ˵۶ˣҪſڶԸѹ˻ȥֻܿԱԵݡ
ٴμʱֱľԼǰ˱ؿһ
Mģ㻹˵˵ˣ죬ҾͲ㻹ԱԵݡ
Ҳ֪ͽﵽЩʲô˼Ҹ߼綼ֹѪȥдˣүҪǻȥϲһɱ˲գ۵ĶʦTMա
˼Ұɱ˵ʱһڲҪϲⲻѰ·
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Եˣв𾪣ֶɵɿһЩֱӴԭء
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ԭ׼ʱ϶޵ŴŵӵľʹˣֻŽžͿ޵һĻϵ˺ü
ڻڰƲӰɷʱͬʱϵ˫źְۣۣһ֪˭ˡ
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ܼ״ٶ㿪ָҲ˳ȫǶŰϣһ̵ųһѷ죬˲仯Ϊ˷ĩ˵ϡ
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ܴʱѾ˵Ժͷ˲ѿĵЩҵظ
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̼ͻΪĩĵžӶסˣͻȻеŰҪԼķѰ
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ҪȥĶ
˵źǰͷŮǰͷ·ûеõĻشҲֻš
ԼĪƬ̣ƼԶһƬԼܹһЩϸСɴϸµȴǿˡ
һ͵һԺſڣʱŷԺſڵҶͷдɵþ
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ǵΪϲһдһʱᵽһմһܵһҹ
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ƵҶͷˮ
˵ͽҪʲô
˵ͶĿ⣬Ц⣬Ƭ̺ŵ˵
ԭŹڴСʦȥѾסˣҲǰˣСʦһϲ
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25 
ͷɻؿ
ȥʲô˼ûб⣬һûסȥ
ӣñסĵط϶סȥ߲˵ס˰¹ԼⲨ黹˱˵ĵ
׼˭סģ
̲ס棬ʣ˵ֻΪԲʱģԺǻס˲ǡ
뵽ͦĽǸסˣŮͷһɰ룬Ҳժá
Ļͣ˺һŵĶǰ˵Ķ໥һŵ˵
ӽӻСʦһտʼֱ֮ǰղŸտͽ͸Сʦ
˵֮˫ʶһǣ̧Ժš
ʲʲô˼
˵¹ôͻȻͱʦˣȷʵû˵Ǹʦסʲôطѵ
ΪʲôһյһҹǶʦ֮𣿶ҲֽʦɱˣΪʲôħ
קѣֻúܿ͸ĽɫǻЩ֮ɣɴֻܿĸɱ¾δһ˿ģ
˴Լ鵼Щ𣿻ӱֻǽʵӸ
ܲڿʡ
֪ʣͣΪСʦֻҪǵĴԼ߾ͿˣʲôҪȥ⡣
ܿ˾͵һƬˮϣƬ̨̲̤˰Ϣˮš
µİϢˮЩĳǰͷȥͼȥϢˮŵԭò֪žж೤һ·֮
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ϲĵãȻô׳ۡ
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ôס˻ˣܲǸʦİ¹ɡ
ܲܣҪǰ¹⣬ôҲɱŶԣԲԡ
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ڴĿ⣬ϸƣһϸϸָѯš
ʻĿ˻˰ڵˣеů⣬һŹԹԵ˵ͷ
Ϊʲôסˣ벻ͨ
ͽ˵ӽӻӺͿʼˣǸԼסȷʵпŶһʦһͽô˵ˣͽôĵΪô𵥶һ
⻰Ķ˵ȥMģ⻹ҪǸдߣʦǺô˼Ҳǵˣסĵطһ£ߣףԷֻеû棬ϷһֱBUG
ֻͷôڣڶʱԵЩСøЩסһƭԼһĪе
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ġǸҵģ
˵֮ȥǰˣ´пʲôʲôɫ
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ЦָҵĻʱҵģ㲻㲻
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ЦĻĶѴǲĿ
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26 
ЩᣬӱҲǽӲ佥˺գҪȥȴ˻Ҳʹͷ
ֻ㽩ֵʱԽԴԽû磬еıֻգۼ
ܣ˵ʲô
ôþҪҲ˰ɣΪʲôûͣTMҪˣ
ȵȣȵȣҶûҲ𶯰
˴һЩϸ΢ĶȵλñĴţıһαֱһЩ˲Ӵ
Ҳʱ˵ͳ˻Ƶһľͱҧסˡ
˻
ǳǳʹ˼ȫ˻һԴȫ뵽ͷʹ봥˫ʶɴࡣ
֫һͬЩµס˴ѹ˺伴ڵĺС
Ҳ˾ţ֮Ҫоɾ˵Ǻˡ
ʮڲʮ꣬ڷĹͷ꣬żĹ˵ıһͬС˵⣬ÿ춼Ĺӡ
˵лŮˣдûпһûнӴЩһ鵽С˵ȴǰ۸
۸ҲˣǻǸеģǶںҲûҪһеʲôϵ
Ҳ֪ǹ˶ãֻ˱Ķֽ࣬Ƭ̺һͳߡ
Ŀһ˿ݣ˫ŵĴҧţҪҧ˲Ÿġ
Ҳʱۣ§Ż˵ľĶߣһס˺
ʱּеĿ־壬ָٷ۽ǽͷˮһһȥȻͳ˵
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ˣķˣΪʲôʱûͽǸġ
ѹ׷ôһۣǸİһ䵽ʦȥˣҪˡ
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һܵĽӴӰˡ
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ǹӿɬζʶüͷɬĿǻ˺һŽɢˡ
üڴϣԼĪƬ֮ȲһۣʶֱȥСȣʹûΪٷԽԽˡ
Ϊʹ˺գҲʱǹӴ۽˸˺䣬ٲ˴رߡ
ȿȡ
һúһһѪӺӿ˵档
ɫѪ
ŵ̯ɫѪҺɵЩľֻڵϼЩԱΪжºѪû뵽ԼһվȻҲ³Ѫ
ȡȡ
ԭΪֻ³һںѪȴû뵽ָ˺üزͣˡ
ůѾѪմȾЩܵķŴء
ֲϵḧıΪ˳ȴһ̾
ʦ֪СʦжȻ治֪롣
³ûˡ
˵֮ȥȡůݵֱߡ
лл̡
;˶࣬˫ȵĴʹҲѾˣѾԸֺܵĶˡ
ȻЩܣǺܸˣ벻Ƿϵˡ
Ҫʦõ˾ֱ˵㲻˵ǧҪ¶һ˿ʦƭ
˵
ֲȥǵѪյ˵ͷ
ҲŲͽ˵Իڶ֣һҪٽڼŲҷ衣
˵֮ʣһƬ䣬صɴۿɼٶȽ˱˪ǻҡ
лҪ˵ܲܳŹŶo(ini)o


27 
ڵɴٽ˱˪˪֮һ⣬޵Ӻȫͷ
ǽ˪ɴɵ뵽ʱΧĶҲ˪ʶܿȥɿյ޵ͷûˡ
ˣʦ
ȻƲɰܸ߶꣬й¶ֱܹ棬ٹ˵档
Ҳʱгһ⣬ֻಡһһϸСܵĶǶ˲Զıڻϡ
һƷ˿ȥ˵棬ܿȱߵķ˿򴽱˵ˡ
һĻ󾪣һ˫ֵλãԶĸλϲ֪ʱλͽ
ֻƹȥʱ㻻һƣȽ֮ϣһֳտߣ˿īĶɢ棬ˮϻ˵棬űһģ
һֳŰȣѩɫǰһ˫ţеǹȴֻǿһ۾ͺµȥ
Ҳܣոû˰ͽʲôʱġ
ѵ˲ƶԽǽ
ž޵ʱ˵͵͵ЦЩŵĿЦЦ֮ŵ˵
СʦһҲûͽĻͷ
˵֮󻺻ī󣬷ϵ˿鴫ͼѾŲŴ齵λȥ
еʶ˹ڵϵİܣɰܵɫɷһƬԼܿǲѪգ󾪣
ͶȥĿ΢΢üЦſ˿˵
СʦǾðܾ㣿
£Ѿߵ˴ߣе˳ľĺյ£ƤⲻǱžѾ˺۾ЩĿġ
ȵһЩʹ̧ͷţƼеĿ־壬Ƭ̺ȴЦ
ˣ֪ԼẦΪʲôҪһٶսͽĵߣͽСʦ𲻹𣿻СʦͷԶõģСʦԸѰҲԸͽһ˿ǣ
һʻĶߣֻǻͺű˪һҪȫ
ҶĿǾ֣ں¡
˫ֽקű죬ϸȥᷢ˫ƲסĲͺһš
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˵ֱӽŵȥе˱ͬʱˡ顪һ죬ĺ˴ϣֻƬ֮ǰһѣ
ԵʹЩججİۣѱ⿪ˣҪƿɺܿͱǯѹͷ
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еŵЩţӸǾҵĲ̲סʼ
㡤ſң
͵͵ѹЩ˵˼־ͿʼϵشϢֻһҪʹȥģ
ſ㣡붼룬ԭͽСʦӺҪ㣬ڲˡ
˵ֱ֮˺ѣ˰űп
˷ˣķˣ
ҲθȶѣΪʲôͻȻͷˡ
ŶͽˣСʦѾܶˡ
ץס˹ʵȣָĴµ˾ͻΪ¶ֻǿоʹЦ⣬ﴽЦ
ĴȾЦ⣬˫·˿ҵˣָһů⣬ů֮¾ͼһѵӡǵذ׳С
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ǰذףǰذףǰ޹ǵذף
ҪСʦͽ˵ҪܳͷȾĳͷ
ֱӽ˴Ӵϵ˻У̧ȼ˼ͷһֵĿֱӴСȴ
ⱻ̴Ѫˮӿž޵ȴԵø

ذ״̴ͷʹгǰһƬ۵Ŵȥ
ֻȥһЩֻᱻϻȥϻȥذױڹϻһʹµľС
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ҴˣĴˣ㲻Ҫң㣬ҪҪ
ҽеϵشѾʹ˶ʼΣ۽ǵˮϵ´ʪī۵˺ѷΣ۵Ҫ˶ϡ
״ЦŽذװ˳ѪҲ˳ذ׿ӿһЩӿϣЩݴʱøǿֲ֡
һİܿ˲״ۣǵѪˮȴζֹס
ҿڣΪ֪Լһ³һңҧŴЩΪĹһࡣ
ΪʲôҪңҲСʦҲǣҲǣֻ·ѣʲô
ҽſԴԴϵĴҲǰذ֮±̴˳ֱСȹǶ޳롣
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ĺѪ󲻶ϵؿţÿһξ³һѪܿͱѪȾ졣
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Ѱ˶ܲʹοǱˡ
ʦһжܵĴܺԽҩֻ롤
ܱеһЩû뵽Ļû˵ͱһϮ˵ֱײǽϡ
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ںܿͲѪζŨصѪζֱȥ˳Ʈ޵ͷŮڱϲ
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ѪѾ˳˫СϣѾʹҪȴԼȻĶ˷Ӧֻֻᱻʹڸֻ¿޵
ֱڶĥ˹ȥһ˫ţ۽ǵˮʹ˯ȥȻڲϵ¡
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СʦͽǾԲ뿪ģĺǵظͽСʦһظ
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ҩʦһھᵽ˼صѪζ뻶Ϣʶüڿֻ΢Ϣʱɵһ¡
ͷŵʱĲҽֻΪ̫ˣȴû뵽ôСӾȻĥ
Ѫۣ˺ۣСȵλãƤⷭӿɼǡ
˵СȵڶѪҲѹϢѾֻˣֻŶײͷˡ

ҩʦվűҲ˫Ⱦŭȵ
ȣҩʦæȥ뿴ʱ𾪲ѣСǻˡ
лҪ˵΢СѾ˵ˣɪɪo(ini)o


28 
Сǻˡ
ҩʦŴǸѾܲ̾ôֳˡ
ҩʦģе⽥𣬶֮޾ɱ⣬ŵͳɤ˵
˵Ǹ֣ҽվᣡ
СʦԲСʦԼǧĹ¼ҪΰСʦ
ֽ˱˻Уģʼڣڵ
ҩʦ״ҲֻǰΣֻǹ޹ǵûĥҲᱻʹ
ȿȡ
ʱڻеͻȻ㿪ʼѪѪȾѾѪ߰ߵİ
ƣ
һѪ̧Ŵߵҩʦŭ
ڵһֱȼҩʦŽŵһ˻ע⵽СͷĹͷѾ޳룬ǳ׷ˣҩʦֻ֮õĸǸǡ
Ǿͱ뽫ȹȫ޵ҩʦóȻҶ֣ⸯǸȻѸٳܵʹȴʮ
֮˾Ѿʹˣοӣҩʦ治ܲܿǵʹ¹ͷûȫȥˡ
ҩʦĻڵ˫дһ˿ʹһжԼĴȴҪСʦܡ
ûȲ·Сʦɡ
뵽СʦΪһȶʱɳƵɤ˵
ðɣûСʦȥ
˵ֽ֮е˱øһЩüۼǳɫ
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ҩʦ˵ͷ˵߾׼ȹȫ
ɵвŸСȣû˯ȴ˹
ȾۣȲʹʶԼСȣɺܿͿҩʦеذ׾Ӷʼ˽ҩʦҪʲôǾ֡
ЩĴϵּҪקסѣɼȴζקסû̵ͷĿ־ԽԽʱ
ҪҵȣҪҵȣ
˫в޴룬̧ȥкܿȾˮգҡͷˮ˳۽ǻ֮ϡ
ҪòãԺԹôԣҪҵȺòãòá
ʵΪж˻Ƶĺ䴫ȾѪյĴزţ˿ȥһģһۡ
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ԣûҪȣܿû£ܿСʦ·ˡ
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ƭңΪʲôҪƭңſңſң
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۵˶ʼΣѪϵشӿϣҪĻӱǯȴһ˿취ûС
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͵͵Ļдֻһ򵥵ĻĶȴͬĶҩһʴķΣڱ˵˫ֽһЩ
СʦҪ޾ͺްɣͽںֻҪСʦһֱͽ߾Ϳˡ
еĿɬҲͬʱе˽رڻУֻȷġ
޹ȥİǸֱӽ˻Ȫ·ϣʱѾǵڶˡ
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Ƕԭɼǵ˺ۣ޵ĹǣĺڶĿͬǰĻӰҲһӿԺ֮С
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֮ļ죬Ϊһشޱȣÿҩϣ˾ûѹ
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еɫҰ׻䣬ǻǳǳĺҪСʦǲѾˡ
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⻰˵ͷˣűɻص˴ϡ
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˹ʱݶƮɴЩز񣬾ô۹òһԼ˼
Ѱ˼ܿ˷ϵ飬ʹ˫˱ˮ˳۽ǻ¡
ûǱ˸ʲôҲҵģʲôÿ޵ġ
סҽԺʱҲǶֻڴϣֻǻһطɶѣʲô˵ġ
ͷϵذοԼ۽ǵˮȴζֹסֻ·ѡ
Ҳʱᵽഫů㣬ͫ˲Ǿ֡
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Сʦ
űԼˣЩıֱ㽫§˻УϵĵǳЦš
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תһ̾Ϳ˫ƯķˮеľɼͲҰ׵ĴǱҧѳѪžǱ
ԣҧˣۡ
ǱҧЩѪģĴֱ꣬㽫˳ϸϸķȥͷѪգôɵ
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˯еȴһ䰲֮ûȥȫǱȳлʱЩĻ־ռ˫ֲϵţҪһƬ־ҵһ
ǻ˫ȴ˻УˮеֻˮᣬյͷС
лҪ˵Ӧ賿µģǳԶһƬɶҲ벻Ȼֻϸo(ini)oл2020-07-21 18:17:24~2020-07-23 07:19:58ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лӪҺСʹл 1ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


29 
ξĥӸǲʳ˼ƣʱǰһѣΡ
ͷۡ
䴫ʹЩܵķᣬ˺һŻһЩ
֮ſܣž޵ڿһˣ౾ŵҲڣŽĿȵܽػĵϡ
ϸϸ΢͸ڣֻǿžҪȥ
ǹⰡ
Щ⣬ЦЦ֮˱ȥſڡ
ֻȥȴͣ˰УƿΪ¿տҲĿȡ
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˵Ų£ͷȴµڵٴȾˮۡ
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ܵЩۣ׵Ľű𾪲ѡ
ûн֫ûûн֫Żڣ
̫˵Щ״ΣдЦ⡣
Ȼڣͷȡ˰ôڣôᣡ
Һ֪ܶ
ָͷĶˣֱһĻ˫СȣҲ̫۵ü
ʹ֮ȴЦ϶һů⡣
ѵ𣿡
ֺɻ˵š
ֻ˺һҲûȻҹجʵѾЩֲĸˣȻڣҲͲȥˡ
Сƶӵ˴رߣŴ߰ڷŵİѥֿ˵ůשһ
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һųŴؽЩϸ˫Ȼط˵棬ůĽŵ׻Ѵһ̱Ц
ůģԭͽ˵ůשİ
֮ǰʱĻͷŵĶůשʱЩţשôܻɢů⣬ȴˡ
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Щ˷ܵػ޵ڻصŵ㣬һ̧޵š
Ǵһ˿ĵţСŲҪ߳һŲŸտȥαЩȣһ̳ŵȥ
ֻͨһ죬Ӷ˵ϣڵ۵üͷ
Сûʲô⣬ֳŴվҪȽϵһ ʱһЩҲӦվɣҲûڸܵʹˡ
ڣߵ˵űߣͷ̵ܽػЩ˵ȥš
ָŸţһһ۵ĹʶۣȵʱѾ˴ͷˣվŵ˾ͽܡ
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ڵϾţ־˻һת㳯ŵȥȫѾ·ˡ
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СʦСʦôˤ˰ɡ
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ƿһ뿪޵һֱͷҹ˲ŸŽȥ
źڵ޵ֻɴϵ鴫͵͵ײߵ߿ű˯ڽеǸ⡣
»ᳳѱ˯øһЩŽ˴ӽб˹˻С
˯գЩḧգԵС»ᾪŵ
СʦԲͽԺһСʦˡ
ǳǳĵǸָŻ˵īЩ֡
˯ʶѭůλóĻͷֿһЩѰһʵλúűͣ˶
лҪ˵ʵСʦֻ·Сʦڲʮ꣬ʮʱˣһûл·ܿ·ʵΪСͽܶ·ˡ
һжǱ΢СߵĴo(ini)o


30 
˯еܾöһֱ˵ǼҪȥ˭ڳȴƤ㼸κҲȥˡ
һ˵ĳܷͣ
ֱڶŻۣ˼Щ磬ôݶɴһ
ó˭ôûй˯һֱֹ˵Ӧðͷ˵˵ˡ
ЩõĿʼԹţԹ֮㿴࣬λÿտҲһ
˯һǸͽûлȻҪˡ
īǰ̧־Ҫõ󣬿ڿֱǳǳĺۼʱЩ
ֱסƶӵ˴ߣŵŵůС˵ء
Ҳ֪ǲ˯һҹԭվûоСжʹߵıջҪ˳ࡣ
µصĸоͦá
˫˹ȴõСǳǳЦ
ҽԺʮһֱҪһܹɵߣĲÿ춼ڶ񻯣˵·˵˵ް취ںֻڲϵ
Ѿ߳·˫ȣů⡣
˵Ժȥͷ硣
˵֮ߵԼһůȥ
֮ͷҲȥһЩƬ̣һ۵ϵůֿ˿Լ˫ţϰϰ·
ӱֱǰںȻҩϿҪָҪһЩʱ򣬶˼·Щ۵ķɴ˻̨ߡ
У
ΪʹСȣԼڵλñ컹ҪԶЩЦ
԰׵ΪĨЦһЩ֮ǰ׵ľһֽ
ŬӦ˫Ѿû·˫ȣҲûע⵽ûڽеˡ
ѾǶվãǰ뿪˴齶˽Уҳǰ˵֡
޵ߣֿβˤǿҪȥ˱ڻͷֻҰĶڽͷСʦ
СʦʲôȥעСʦֻҪ˵һԼʲôΪʲôСʦҪǿ³Ĺͷվ³ģÿһӦöʹǣСʦȻܹʹϵ޵ߡ
ϵزϵȦ·ÿһϢ֮󶼻˼˱ˣҲ١
Сʦͽ
ͽֻСʦһֱͽߡ
ʱ˫ŲɴЩʹСȴŲڽ²ȱɴˤ˵档
ֻͨһ죬Ѿ˵ϣīȫɢࡣ
˻
ϥ۵ĵһһ̱˵ϲϵˤ۵ĵط
ûװôɴʲô֡
̧һ·ݶɴЩ͵͵ţǱԹ
Թֻ֮ӲжԶ޵ȴЩƽ˫޵ŴȾ˾֣һ̱ŵÿܱߵĽУӶ˺ڰ֮С
µıڵϣһԴϥϣīմ˵ݶƮɴΪһ塣
㾪ֵˣڵ˫ȾǸǹһĨЦ
ԭԼȻСʦ˵ֻǴһ˿羪֮һǺ½Լ
űƿˣһů˽״ŽǽߣʹķȾž֡
ŵŮܿ޵ͷֻںȴûڴϿ˯󾪣
æѰţֻûѰƼվ޵еæҪ
һ۱㽫ˡ
Ů뿪ʱȴƼ˶ϵҶѯʱٳ޵뿪ˡ
޵űʱŽԴ̧ϸѾûˣĵ˽䡣
Ƽϰŵʱһ
ԭŮһΪǸͽˣˡ
СŲͳȥԼĪƬ̲ߵ
ϵţƼû˲˿ȥеͷСͷ⣬ֻǳһھ;رóԡ
ó֮¾ֶţϸ¶ǳЦ
ȻûͽһԷ㣬ٳԶҪܣ淳
ĺܺó԰ʲô޵ôóԣ֪ųԺòóԡ
һ߿ŰӣȻֳ˼Щŵſϡ
Ը緹ôѾҲųôͳԲˣϧ˿ϧˣҪٳ԰ɡ
ԣͽʣĶǳԹĻûгԹͳͳһװʳӾϰš
֮˳ֵһ𻨸ԡ
Ĺ𻨸ڿڻ˱ǣ磬ֻһ;úóԵ̲סһͷ
Զ˵ĺǶӳŵ·ʱԵЩҡҡλΣߵʱСЩŵС̾
ٽڵĳʦòʲôʳɣĶҲ̫óˡ
СѾЩĹĵˣϸȥЩԡ
ڽеԵĹĹĵСﴽǳЦһűͷʳʶϣֳ򢾲Сʦ
ŻᱧԹ޵СʦǰһЩС£ʱСʦҲһûûҹ˵ûûҹıԹⱧԹǣʲô¶ϲΪΪֺԼŮĻԼϴѡ
ǧĹ¼ԼӺʱϲִֹӱСʦҲǵһԼ׽棬ҲΪ˰Լ˰Ҳϴʱ˺Լѣ֮ϲСʦ
ԭСʦõģСʦ̫ҪǿκˣԼõСʦ𣬶ԼȴΪЩ˽ĲͻСʦ
ţеǸˣֽ£ճȭһɿˡ
ʱƼѾڴϣﻹŹ𻨸⣬˫ȴЩݶҲ֪ʲô
ϵʲôźܹӣǮ
Ĺ𻨸ȥŶݶĺ˵š
ⷬĶȴǺЦҲ˳Ŀ̧ͷݶɴͷྫµĵ񻨺һŵڴϵ
ȴ˸ѹ˱ͷ˫ֱűͷһ׼˯ģ
ֻûþ˯ԴЩɴʱٶĲȴҲֻʵʵš
ֻڴһûڵ߶ǳ޵ȥ
Ķ֪Ҫȥȵ£һЩһ˿⡣
ʹ֪ôСʦ𣬿ҲСʦ뿪ߣֻǼ򵥵ȥȴҪ뿪
׼ʱȴ˵űϣϻǿŻ顣
ԭˣһΪˡ
ǿɢůĻЦ
ô˵ǵһյ˹ֿϧģǿϧⶫͽ͵ģȾϢġ
̾Żͷ˴ߣ˱ͷ˯˹ȥ
谵޵ںܿʹǳǳĺûںڰ֮еѾû˶֪Ѿ˯ˣȥϵŴ齱ȥ
Ƽ˯գʶȥ
ָŸȥȴͣˣ˺һմࡣ
Сʦ𣬶Բ𡣡
Ķϣ͵͵Ķ˵ţͺϣܹȥһ㡣
˯ŵôõĻԲҲע
лҪ˵½ǰԼȻܰȻĩβҲüоԼҲˣҲܰϴo(ini)oл2020-07-23 07:24:36~2020-07-23 19:44:45ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лӪҺСʹдҵ 10ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


31 
ںҹʱ˯Щ̤ʵӹҲЩʶѭůλÿһЩ
˾Ǳһ㷭ӾͶĻУ˫ֽקѣ֮ᵽһɵů㣬üͷҲʱɿˣüۼġ
㰡ڴͷϵĶһ㣬˱ǡ
ԲҪҡ
ů˼ǻصǰǸһ㣬ʱѾ񻯣ҹĻƶȥİȴǺް취
Ѱƥ裬ϵ࣬ںϵȴһҲûУʮһֱħĥ
˯еһѩ׵ĲУ̧ʱͿڲϵԼԼȻһֲģͷ޵ĸɸɾ˾һѾĸʬһ㡣
ԭ֮ǰô󰡡
ֻܿԼ֪ԼʱѾ죬ǰְҪԼһˡ
ߴǳǳĽŲתͷȥͼˣǰְֺ裬¿Щ˵ӭȥȴֱӴǡ
˫ֽӲڰУʱͼְѾߵ˴ߣʱע⵽ԼΣε֮ǰһա
뵽ʹԴߵ˵࣬ģн˳ʹ
Ȼּ轫ͷһշ˴ߵĻƿϣյĻϻˮ飬⻨ӦǲŴӻȡġ
һ̣ллʮ顣
£͵͵Ŀ֮ͼժһ䶫շ˲˵С
֪ʮÿ춼ڱĥÿһζ񻯶Ϊ˲ѹÿ춼װһҲ۵ģۣ費Ҳ㣬ĺܸлʮ顣
˵ŲֻЩɿݲ֣еˮϵ£ͷɫһֱǴů⡣
վһ࿴ǣͷɬһִ̱ǳǳĿ
ᣬȥȻԼİְִģְһֱǺˡ
ʱԼʱôİְֻ᲻ޣҲޣϾԼ˼ʮꡣ
񿴵ȴû뵽ְ־ȻˣŰְֺۿģеˮƲס
ˣˣһգ۰ѾʮˣŰգɰʮ£Ϊ˵ʮһúɣǰְֶԲ㣬±Ͷ̥ҸõģҪͶְôûõļˡ
ʵĻڲͷһĻв˳ʹ
ԭΪԼǶ԰ְĽѣȴû뵽ģѹ
Բ𣬰ְ֣ǰĴǰûãûаʮ£ӦҪһգӦˣ
ʹӦҪŰְֹԼʮգʹӦ˵ģΪʲôԼ᰾ȥˡ
ʮ궼ȥˣƫƫ°ȥˡ
ԲĶԲ𣬰ְ裬ǰԲǣ̫ûãҵĴ
˺ѷεĿ޺ڴϿ޵ˮʪ˱졣
һֿǸûκζԼһߵıϣֲϵҡӣͺҪҡһ㡣
㲻ǴӦҪôʧԼˣ
ϵҡŴϵˣǸħĥѾûϢȴһ˿춼ûУô˯ڴϡ
κУҡΣȴûһ˿Ϣ
ڱһΣһ̣۰Ķ趼һֱǵ㣬һҪúóԷһҪԹ˯ʲô趼Űڰ˯ɣ˯˾Ͳʹˡ
۽ǵˮЦֱס˲ϵˣůȥůһ˿Ϣ
˯˾͸ܲϵʹ˯˾ͻеܣ˯˾Ͳбˡ
Ҳʱϵһᣬû˺
еѾû˺ǿˮЦſ˵
ϲĶòãһһ춼Сǡ
ʵĸڲڻصⶼ˳Щ˼ҽ뻤ʿÿ˵жŶգȥƽ͵һ㡣
ЦůҽԺˣȴֻ뿪硣
շŹǧС۾̫ѻؼһȺȺ
վĻʿĨˮһϲĶ裬׳ͯĶ裬Ķ衣
ڵϵŶߵĶ޵˺ѷΣʪİǾ
пģǴʵУˮʪǽ½Ⱦʪˡ
裬ְ֣Բ𡤡
͵͵Ŀϵشһ˫ֽקѣð춼ûɿ
һֱһ޳ĵģֽбһЩİš
ûˣûˣͽأСʦ𲻿ޣޡ
֪εʲôɴдԲ𣬲²Ӧʲôź顣
Ժеξȥɿеľʱûж֡
ûˣûˡ
ֲϵĸı
İЧãĿֻ˯ĺ
״˽ڻͷôһҹֱڶļ뿪ˡ
ۣ֮Ϊһҹ۾Щ۵ʱЩѡ
۾ۡ
۾ҪǹӸ׶ȥɺһ۾ЩۣҲǿˡ
̧ʱİϤļҾߣԼѾڲˣԼһ棬Ļмˮһһȥˣȥ֮ڴ˺һ
˴ȥ˺ĺͬһůأͬıůصıּڵˡ
ӰǵһεʱڵůЩˡ
ˮһĻ꣬ر߻ůʯϰžµĸˮһװɫѡ
һһİдһ˿ƣ֪ѱضŵģȥֶӲ˰С
ȥеĿһ뵽ѱ;öĵòȡ˹
ѶѣܹܲӲ·ɣ˵Ůŵء
ҲŮŵģͷҲһЩѰڳرߺŽ˳ˮ֮С
ůϢܿͲϣһ仨ƮȾī֮ϣƬ֮ſ˳ˮߡ
ȪΪʲôˮ
Ǻ棬ɺ֮ȴҲǵòҲˡ
ֲ̧ʱؿϻǳĺۼķλøѾȥôˣͷĺȻ
˫ЩʧĿϵĺۼۼȻܻһգæЩ˼ȫ˳ȥȻͳˮаůˮͷˮۡ
Ƭ̺ˮ棬īȫʪϡ
ųеĻֱ񣬿һǳЩŵĿ̧ͷȥԶºиʲôڲϵ
лҪ˵յĻǱ룬˼ͷ롣
СʦСʦ˶뿪˼ȥ˺ԶĵطͺԶһֻԶȴԶ֡


32 
ǸͻȻֵĶнһ˿ɻ󣬶ɻ֮ůȡѴϺͳŽųǿȥ
Ƭ̺ʹ֧ʶͣ˽ŲŲԶڵϵĺӰЩš
ʲôòǸ˰ɡ
ôôǱˣʲô
˭
͵͵ĺ䴫ϸȥܹĻͷһ˿ȻЩ¡
ָק䣬˫ΪŶš
ڣƬ̺ǿ£ʱŷµĻһˣһһѪˡ
û°ɡ
Ǹһ»ȾѪڵϵˣڵǵѯš
һֱŲЩǵţֻǿһıûʲô˺Ż᲻ǰ
뵽ҲǰֱҪȥֲŸȥһꡪꡪľ׽ͷӲﱻҧϵ
ڳԶ
ôѪ˾ȻԶ⵽˭ôܵ
ɻߵǰڿĶʱŵȥ
ֻͷһֻѾҧϵֱۣ׽ľֱֻϵѪ⣬ҧϵľֱϵĹͷ
Ҳܣ/ˣ
òǸͽʲôֵĶɣ̧ͷˣҲTMǸʲô
ԭڵϵͻȻ̧ͷ˫ڵͫвѪªȾѪգʱ϶ѪˮлδõѪ⣬תܡ
Ҳܣ
ҲܣҲܣҲܣ
TMʲô
׷Ұû⣬ҵҲóԣTMһѹͷѣ
תǰȥɺͷҲ׷˹ֱӾ͸˵ϣ˫ֲŵܿͼѪ
ʹ
󴦱Ƥλ۵ɻϸ鿴ʹѪˮصŨѪζֻƬ̼ͻܡ

ݴȥͼųªѾǰȳζһθӾҪȥ¡
ܣʱȻ£
ĺöģ
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͵͵ĴϢһΪ֮һһֿһɫҺ˵棬صλúܿͱʴһССĺڶ
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Ҳ˸ӣΪʲôֶ
ŲԶůأǼ·ľ룬ȴúʮǧһԶ
ʱһϮһ̴һ󡰺𡪡ľ޺Ķһѽ˼ͷ˵档
ȥʲôӾͱһůĻУůӭȥ֮ǰĶȫһҵ˻Щۡ
Ҳ֪˻ǹӶ̲סıڲϵظŻţŵ˫ΪŻȾˮۡ
ŻŻ
Ҳܣ̫ˣҹҪ³ˣ
ǵʲô˻ô
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ԼвϸŻˣḧıۡ
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ȥʱͼЩѪͷʲôţǿͷĶ˹ȥ
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ͼЩѪҺһС׳棬ֻһ̲Ѫогɰǧ׳ڲϵ䶯ţôǾͷѪˮɼͷжٵ׳档
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һ˿˵һ࣬ѪȻǽ˵Ľűߣ׳ôڵϷš
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ԭұʳ˹ǻҪ㺦¡
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ɿƬ̣ѾŶ㵽˽У˶žڶʲôһ㡣
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СʦϢɣͽҪȥһЩ£ЩڹСʦ𣬺𣿡
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ȥѣһ뵽Ǹʳ˹ǣǿſ־˵˿ڡ
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˵Сᣬûᵽӡеζֻһɵζ
ǰŻЩµСӣЩĵҧȥζܿڿӣǺóԡ
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ǡתȥ
ֻߵſڣ
ܴӵͷӳȥѣʳ˹ǿֻѰ
ָܿ뿪


33 
źЩǰ㶣Ƭ̺ſתŻ档
ȵĻָתҲƶš
ʱͷһůֻЩʹʶס۾һɿ֡
Ϊʲôۻʹѵ˯̫𣿡
۽ǣȻգգۼѾûʲôˣЩɻֹš
ֹ֮Ҳʹ׼ȥͷߡ
ڵڵʱ̫ˣͷľɫǸʲôģˡ
ŵʱͷĹ̵۾ЩۣʶͱۣЩӦ˲ۣע⵽Ůͷ
Ůվڵ˸Ȼ˵СӿҪȥδūȥʦ
͵͵Ļ£һʦһƬ̺Ž˺סˡ
ˡ
ϴžžһ˿˵֮æ˵š
ٴڰ޵ָǰĵ񻨵ţһ˳ŵŻ˵档
ů˳˫㻺ѴӦǾůǣȴЩǾ֡
ҪǧҪ
͵͵ϵشĿдϥ˵棬˶˺ڰ֮С
ž޵ڴɴƮҲʱۣһ˫˾ȾԺ̧Ʈɴ
ʱ⴫˽Ųڵűںľͷһ󾪻֮¾ͳĻȥ
ܺǽȫû˼Ӻͷ˫ֽر˫ȣЩµס˺
ߵǰʱűߵŮʵ
СʦѰң
Ȼ֪ⲻȻϣСʦܹѰֻǼ򵥵һҲԡ
ֻ֮õŮһҡͷЦһŻ˻ֽˡ
̧ʱǰĵţͻȻЩȥƿˣָͣƬճȭ˺һɿ
űƿʱ򣬶ڻӺͷһ˱۰䲻̧ͷҳ
źûпȴܲϵĵ֪ڵڣֻ˶ѣһŮŵʱˡ
Ƭ̵ڰΪ뿪С̧ͷ̽ȥͲֺһ˿ϸ΢ı
ȥʱʲôţɻ֮¸ȥͼһȾѪ׳Ľֺš
һ۾ϳʳ˹ǣв𾪣֮±ֺܵ⡣
ۡ
ֻ֮䣬Ŀڴ˴ʹһѪԺӿϡ
ҲʱӴת͵˻ܵıϣȾѪյ۶ˡ
Сʦ𣡡
ٽ˱˻УͬʱҲϷʳ˹ǵϢ˫ֶ
ûµģСʦ𲻻µġ
˵˲䣬ڵ˳ĿͷӿѰ
ֻһѰŷѪҺѾһʳ˹ռݣֻҪƬ̾ͻ

ڻеЩ֧ܵţһ˫Ⱦˮգʹ˶ʼΣ˫קô֡
ʹԭʳ˹ĿѪҺﷱֳһô졣
ҪҪˣôһѿҲûϵ
ǰģȾѪյĴ¶һĨЦ˫дһʼľֱ˽ѡ
ֻѪҺʳţж䶯̲ס
ȡȡ
֮Ѫˮ˳ǲϵȾ½󣬶ÿһѪˮжʳ˹ǣȥܹж
£ͽء
ϵѪ𣬷˴߽˷˴ϡ
һӻȡһŰɫĵҩܿƮɢ޵֮Уһеĵҩֱ֮Ӷ˿С
鵤ȫΪҺŸе鵤ȵУҲ˳ҺһͬͷҲʱ׳ţҲֻüû뿪
鵤Һ˳⻺뵽˺䣬һ˿ɢѴʹһ̾úɬҪĸˣʶ͵ȡе鵤Һ
״ȾЦֽԼڸĿ˳һͬĵڸܵʱСš
Сʦÿɰ
ûһ˿ȴСɿɰеůˡ
ܿ죬鵤Һ㱻ȫ̳ǣɺȻɬָƶһЩ§סľ
ճյĻһ˿ɳƻ
һҪ
Ҳ֪Ǳʳ˹ǸʴԺ˻ɵˣǿĶҪš
һԺˣָΪʹյĶ䣬ŵͳɤ˵
á
鵤ٶĵҩʳ˹ںʲˡ
û취˵ҩܾͻᱬҲֻ鵤һͬڰֻ
еԺĲ֪Լ˵Щʲôֻ֪ԼĺɬҪŵ
ڶ鵤ȥʱڵʳ˹ǱһһܽΪѪˮʼƤ

ǳǳĵЩֻۣܵ˫ȴˮ
Ĵţϸ΢Ĵָק½ôԸɿ
ҲʱԼȻĿ½⿪¶ЩӣͷԼһЩʳ˹ܽѪˮ
ȾѪգȴá
ϣҪҪϸһ˿⣬̲ס˵
ҪҺòã
͵͵Ļռе˼ԼҲ֪Լ˵Щʲô
Ļ§˵ֶӲ𾪡
Сʦ˵ʲô
̫𾪣ʶͿѯʣֻǻ˲ϵشȴûлӦɫ˶ˡ
Щʶ鵤ͷд//ĳɷ֣һŲûʲôϵһαȥҲͳɹշͷ롣
ֽ˰˴ϣֳ콫˸סˣȥЩ˵ӡ
Сʦ鵤ĳɷֲ̾͹ȥˡ
˫ûʱã̲סҪ
һ뵽ԼĶˣԼٵͷȥеǹͷ
ŵЩܵڱͷţ˫еˮҲĶԽԽ󻺻
㲻Ҫ𣿶ҲģҺòã
ĴĿھǱøΪɤҲΪȾů⣬һ˿ġ
ŶߵĻЩͽ˴ӱͷˣһΪ鵤öָæԼǹ뷨ȫɨ˳ȥ
ģ
һ뵽ҩǸͷƣ޲ھͳȥץȥκúýѵһ
Ҫ鵤ԼҲῴİԼȻԼ֣»ˡ
еˮԽԽԴԴϵ
ңҡ
͵͵Ǵһڱ͵Ϳš
ЩȫһȻֿˣűӱ˻Уĺš
ԣͽǸͷСʦСʦôãͽŲСʦ𡣡
ЩΣû뵽СʦĴȻΪôһ仰
ǰǱ۸˼²ŻǳǳĿޣֻһ仰Ϳ޳ķǱһ۵
ĻͷһԴľϸϸĿҧţһŵ˵
ΪʲôҪң뱻Ե
һ䱻Ե׻һ˼˫ͨ죬ڱ˵ࡣ
鵤ĳЧʲôʱȥôȥ̲ˡ
ΪʲôСʦôˣСʦСʦͽҲ㰡


34 
ֱһЩеȴԽԽʱὫǰ̳븹һ㡣
ϸҧʶۣͷǹͷȫѹȥ
ԣ֡
֮дһ˿˻ƣǿŽƿĳ嶯ֻܽеֱһЩ
ɤǳǳЦЦȻֶĶᴵһһŽЦ˵
Ҫ֣ͽ㲻Ҫʦ𣿡
˵֮˶ͷҪȥ˫˫ȫͷһȴҲǺް취
һּҧ£ͷһϸˮۣۼǳҲ㹻ץ
òá
һɳɤš
ĻҲʱеѾˣۿ
ɲ۾Ϳ˶굽˱ߣһʱ֮ΧһƬž
״ЩĿţΪ鵤ҩЧȥˣȴû뵽ҩЧǵûйȥǿˣֻߴǳǳ֪ʲôĲˡ
ĳһͷ鵤߷˶ٵĳɷ֡
뵽ԼСʦȻҽھֱӳȥȥʬ
ߵϵĶȻЩСĴӱͷ̽Դһ˫ˮ˫ǰ
ϴһ˿ίһֽŴ꣬䴫ȴǲʳƬ̺ЩĿ˵
ô죬ҺܣΪʲôҪң
ڵʹʼϵŤӣֻ滺ͷ롣
һģʵ۵治֪Сʦ᲻ֱӸˣ뵽վǵȥͷǹаĿѯ˵
Сʦͽòã
ǳǳѯ֮ĶУܿ͵õĵͷűǹɵ
鵤ҩЧ˼ȫʳֻаʱµˣСȹǵˣʱֻõ
ͷɫѾ޵ڸһƬ
ڵɴů绺Ʈţ鴫ײ
ӱĻͷɢʣѩ׵ıȾŰ߰Ѫʱźˮͷ
īѾˮʪıϵȥļ׵ǣȴܹͷǳһۡ
ۣҺۡ
͵͵ۺʶ§סľԴľѴۺ֮ǳǳĴϢ
Żͷͣ˶˱ڻаš
𣿡
ϸϸķ˿Ȼ㲻ϵḧıܹ
ԹԵĵ˵ͷֽԴ˸ľ䶼ϵů㡣
ͽӺ㰡űúóԡ
Ȼۣ鵤ҩЧȴǸǿϵůһЩ⡣
ԼĪƬ֮ϵʹʧˣȾһ˿ġ
޵ͷһŨĻϢϢͬöɤ˵⡣
֮һֱûͣ£Ѿ˱ҲһͬƮ
ڴϣ΢ĽëȾˮգĴǳţ˺һӱһϳǳǳĺۼ
ЩѵĿ˵Ļͷȵٲۣһ˫ȾỨֶˡ
ǰһлЩãã֮ˣµʱЦ§ľ˵
һҪͽһκòã
˵㿿Ļͷ΢
Ѿ۵˼ޣҩЧȻûɢɵüԭΪ鵤ͷЧӦûǼٲǣ˭֪һҹЧþδʧ
ͽӲñ˳ˣʦҪһ˳òã
һʧ֮б͵͵Ķţ֮лһ˿üš
á
״ЦŵͷӦˣȻŻе˽һͬ˾졣
ȵ˯ȥʱѾ峿ˣŻе˽˱ͷôڴ߾š
Сʦ᲻ͽ
Ȼ֪Լǳ֮ΣҪСʦ𣬿ڣΪСʦʵ̫ζˣֻҪ˵һͣˡ
οŽҪСʦͣˡ
֪ʲôֻˬͺȪϴһˬʣʹ˯жɵﴽǳЦš
ȻСʦǷϵģͽĻСʦء
һιĵģЦָḧձߵḭ̄Ĳ֡
뵽ԼķھȻСʦӺϣܹСʦͷϡȱһͬתúǻϲ
ܹתǾ˵ҲֻҪСʦͿľھԼڼСʦô˵ҲСʦٰ꣬ʱҲͻľˡ
ܹСʦ𳤳þõһеЦˡ
ֻƬ̺Цʧ˻꣬һյ˫޻Ϊ鵤µģƽʱСʦԼҪ˫ޡ
СʦСʦͽ׸ôأ
ԹԿԼߵģһ˿Ҳʧˣһ̱ӵһͬ뵽˱ͷ˯˹ȥ
ôһ˯һȥˣ⴫ǳǳĴЩӵҪȥȴ§˻Уů㻷Щĵٴ˯˹ȥ
˯ȥһѺ˵ţ˶վͷ֪Ѿ鵽ˣٳͷȥ
ڴϵҲƬ̺˹ʱͼϤ޵ðŻ˹
ֻӹǺˬ֮࣬ǰ۵СҲˣɻ
֣֮ǰһ»Щۣôڲˡ
ɻСȣûʲôʹҲûʹͺƴûܹһ
ȱûһ˿СЩˣ˺ԼǱʳ˹ǸҧˣԼûȪúõڴϣɵõ˵
ҲǱʳ˹ҧΪʲôûѵǲ룬п壡ôɡ
˵űӴȥôһַҲҲˣӦȪҲû룬ֻԼһرֵһ졣
֣ôо°
վڴȻЩɻֹ˵ţ˵ֿ֮˴̣ͷЩҵıʱ򴽡
ֻ֮ԴͷһƬʲô벻˴齱ָḧϵϯӣðſ˵
졤ǲһԶΰͦóԵġ
˵֮򴽰˼ţ˺һҲûԼ˸ʲôΣڴһֱű졣
ǳʲô
ҵεʲô֮ǰӡΪʲôѹһӡûˣ֡
ҵıֱֻⱻ춼챻Ҳûʲôֻܷɴڱͷһ˫ݶɴ㶡
ͦİͦ㡣
һƵܽ˼ԼξĴʣָҲʱСܿͷԼСЩĹĵģԼš
ԼС΢΢¡ͺƳԱһĭ
ҲܣҸòȥԶ˰ɣ
뵽ˡ
ǲһ˺ǵзˡ
ԲԣӦûôֱˣһҹȻˣԶԶԣһġ
˸ӱűһɥڵ׳ʲôҲȥᣬֻ֪Լˣͷܵ


35 
ԼˣСͽڳȥ˵Ρ
ǰεСһ뵽ֻҧСʦʳ˹ǣ֮ǰ뿪ʱѾ̽Ӧû©ǣʳ˹ǲһСʦڡ
ҪԼȥСʦ𣬿СʦҲͱúǾʳ˹ǵʬһˡ
뵽һİܣ˵
ܣһЩģȥơ
ʱЩСʦһȻżһˣɱΪʦİҪΰһЩ
ָܽʾ˵ͷ׼ȥֻȥǰһıСֹ˹ָǳЦš
ĴָʱüһŲ˰ܣһЦģջĿ⡣
磬
͵͵ĻӰܵĿдĻлһ˿Ц⣬ǵñٴšüȻЩá
Ÿմӵųھô󵨵ʦǰ֡
ԴҲһΣҲûãٽֵģƫƫԼǰ֣ʶͷ̾һ
ܿ죬ű˵ε㡣
ڵƽֻ̨֮һͷ֮¹һˣҲһ΢Ѫ߰ߵģ
ֶڵӣǳǳûڵԵø
Լվ˺һ˳˸ϣŹڹ֮µˡ
ʦСԩģСûбٽСԩġ
ڵϵЩ߶µĳڵλ˹ȥһ˫ϱţĶϵҲ֮һ϶ˡ㡪̶
Щõüеȶ£һЩ
ʦСԩģСԩģ
ŲӵϴʱѾ˾·֮λãۿҪĸǰˣǰֱ̧ӽ߻صԭλá
һֱӵ򢴦Ѫˮŵȫƽ̨ϡ
ȡʦСԩģСĸͲ֪ʲôʳ˹ǣСĲ֪
ӱߵ͸æֶ߶µڵϣһ˫ֶǵǾ֡
λϵһ˵ԩڵͫнһĨ⣬һһЦ
˵ԩģѳİνͣ
£ָһӡ
Ƽ˼ӻͷȡһöɫƣӵĿ֮¶ĸǰ
شˡաһ죬ϣͷȻŰ֡
Ӽ״æ˵ϣżԩ
ʦʦңСԩģΪʲôССҲ֪һСģʦСһ
ڵϵȥеһ˿죬ĨܿͱֻǻеĲȴζûбȥ
Цһֳ򢿿ϣָ档
ա
һûžĵͷԵø
ڵϵָڵϲţһ˫иֳ˾֡
ٽڵˣְλжжǶ֪ŭʱָ棬ÿһǴ
վڱϵıһ´ָ
ԼĪƬ̣û˵ڵϵǸǲҿڣڵڰЩ¡
˵㲻ǰҵˣ߹ϵӡǿǲƭ˵ģȥժһ߹
赭һڵϵ˴󾪣
һ̾ͼѾ첽ǰ߷ڵأϵɲǼֱӴ˵š
ֻһĲҽӵű룬ӿһѪ˵ϡ
һµĶɿ죬ֻƬ֮Ѿӵţͷժһ߹ǡ
ѪģŲϵѪӿͷɼ
Űӡǵ߹ǵݵǰ̧һӣŽ߹ǶӵվıϺš
ҵһҲٽԩֻҪ˵ĿľںΣҿԿǷ㡣
Ѿһˣѯš
֮ƤͷҲЩš
ӷſʼ;ʲô֪ᷢԼʵΣ˵ܾôõЩʳ˹ǽѰһҲֻѰЩ׳ˡ
ǱͲɱԼɱԼʳ˹ǽɱ˭
ǺǺǣұûɱ㣬ɱֻʦں˰ˣ뿴ʦʹģǸʲôӣ
֪ԼѾȥˣɼȻԼѾȥҲùʵ˵š
ÿһĶн𾪣ԼںˣСʦ𣡣
뵽ҵĿľȻСʦеŭˣڿӵĿⲼɱ⡣
ٽѰʳ˹ͳͳͷȻȥҵſڣ
£һͷ뿪ֻ˱ԭء
ܿͳ˵ΣвĽ˵ĻûдǰҴ˷ĿľСʦ
뵽СʦŸսʳ˹ǣһΣԼ»ϲ
Сʦʳ˹ǲʳģСʦʬǵģСʦСʦ𣡣
ϵʱ򣬿Žյĵŷһӿٷͷֻڿڴ߳Ըʱеĵǲʧˡ
ʧ֮Ҳ˵ͷаֱֽ˻УرžҪȫǶ֮һ㡣
Сʦ𣬻û¡
Ż˴ůϢͷǿҵľʯˡ
ŵ̧ǰˣᵽɢů㡣
㣬ԵĶһ㡣
ů㻷ܽصʱ龰ҲôģⱧ
һߵİܼ״æ˳㻹ܺĵĽŸˡ
ֻڱƬ̺ǻع񣬻æʼ
ſңſңŻ
һ󺰽ֻ֮θһθһֱıͷŻ
ĵҪϱĵطͳͳĵǰһƬãӸЩѵ̱˴ϡ
ȿȡ
Ż֮ǾҵĿԣĻͷͿţҪķζȳһ
ŶߵĸŻнʹ񳿻ԼܵСʦ𣬲̶Ƭ֮侹ȻֻһͶĳ
˵˫ɿһЩ㿴ѾĻ˳ȥڴһθŻš
԰׵ɫĴۣһŻҲĴ̶
Сʦ𡣡
Ȼ֪ԼĶ³̲סǰҪ˳ֻȥ־ͱӿˡ
ң
ֻӿ֮Щѵĵ˵ţ־θͷһ󷭹ŴؽθͷҺ³ࡣ
ž޵ֻΪĶŻȴɵһֻվڱϣҪǰȴңֹסе뷨
˺һֹסˣȻЩܵڴرϣò뿪
ܣͽû¸Ҷôá
ֱżˣԿǱûˣȥ𣿸һֱġ
Ŀȴζϡ
ȥˮʱϵݹһů裬ʶҪȥӣͷȻվǶԸȥĲǲӴԼȥ衣
жӾͱһαסˣܿθһʹɫ԰ࡣ
ģһҲҪĶң
˵㿪ʼκĶ̫ǿӲ˺һΪһ˫Ⱦŭ޵Ĳˡ
ͷŭ⣬ǿѹԼĿɬůݵǣЦ˵
СʦһܣͽⱭպøСʦڡ
˵֮Ų豭ȥ
һֻžһ죬ͷյ豻һֱˤůשϣˮƬһء
ѾѵĲ豭Ըȥ
ЩĿŵϵƬһ˿ˣƬ̺ȥеĿɬ
ʱֻů⡣
Ӵ㽫豭Ƭϡ
ûû£ͽýˣͽ̫ˡ
˵֮ԹԵߣһ˫Щ̰ĿŴϵˡ
ܿ죬һһƬž
ŵϵˮͻȻЩûˣҲ֪ûˡ
˼콣ʦԼոҲ֪ûмӳޣô졣
һҵĹǸô죬Ҳ򲻹ҲҪôŶ
뵽Щٵ̾̾
̧֮̾ߵˣеĿɬͷȻЩˣֻһȴԼ뷨ˡ
ʲôҲܣ²ǱŰϰ˰ɡ
вɣ˼ҲûŪ 㻹˼ң㻹Լɣ
ҲʱڳһŨȳζĴѰǹȳζ
˵гȼţ޵ͷӦǲܳȳζģôͻȻֵĳζʲôأ
ĴѰ֮ûʲô̧ͷݶֻڿɴͷĶһЩв𾪡
ǣ


36 
ǣ
ڰе壬˶ͷȥ
ֻɴͷһ޴Ѫɫ棬һεѪˮ˳ɴ䣬ֻ޴Ѫɫڲϵ䶯ţѪڻڲϵؾ׽ţϸͺ̳ʲôһ㡣
ҲʱһѾԵֻʣ°ӵʬͷֻžડһ˲Զ
Щ𾪵Ŀǰӣ˿ڵλѾе֧飬ȾѪһأ˫ֶʼˡ
ͬʱһѪˮڵλۿҪϣ§˵ߣѪˮڴϺܿһϸС׳ȿֺ
״ȥһɫĻѪˮ֮ϣߴˡžӱһȼպĶζ
˼ڷǾ߳һصʬͷھֻ֮ܿĻš
һ˫в𾪣ͫ׸Ϊ¶Щݵ΢
Ӷˣ
һ̧ͷȥͷɴϵѪɫӣͼֻ޴ĳӳ˵λʱע⵽ֻӾǱ˻Ҫ࣬뵽Ǹһˣʶ½
ⶫҪǳңǶôľֱȥ
뵽Լᱻôֶȥֻûվվˡ
ƼΪֶ΢ͫʱָ԰׵գͣ£żůɤ˵
£ͽء
򵥵һ仰˼˻˱Լˣеůʱʶһ
ͽˣգ벻űԵ
һƼݶλãҲſ˹ȥһע⵽ֻѪѾԼܽˣҲǿֻӵģ
ɫʴϲѪˮѪˮ֮ǧϰڲϷӿʳ˹ǣſڣͷļݣͷмƼһδõ͹ݱϣĿġ
һĻٱֻۣθͷȴǷֻĻϵůȥǴĿĵһĻ
ʲô
ڻһЩĻͷЩƵĳʵ
ֽаһЩᣬɿѪĿȴΧʼ˱˪
ĸ档
˵֮һЩ䶯ĸʶü
ĸ涼ͽˣǷɱСʦ𲻿ˣǽһʴѽߣ
뵽ɵš
֪ʲô뷨ٴ̧ͷֻڿǳʱǻŵʵʳ˹̫£һѪˮͷֳƬ̼ͿԽķȫԵʳ˹ռݡ
ʱֻ֪ڵĴĸ棬ʱԼǶֶѰźʳ˹ǣڼ׹ϵ
ţЩˡ
Цֻĸ棬ּ̧ͼһɫָָ⣬һĶĸڵλãֻƬָ̼ͽͷɴˡ
ѵɴܲĸ漴Ʈ䣬ʱˡ顪һ죬ͼѪˮĸϽѪˮ˷
״һӣѪˮһȼմдһɶʶС
ó
ܿ죬еĶֱӸǹϵů㣬̧ͷˣֻľѴ
ĸһ̲Ѫˮ˽ŵѪˮ䶯ʳ˹ﴽǳЦһָָּĿ֮³ĸϮȥ
ָδĸ棬ϵѪˮʱû˼ģĶٵˣ̴ָǵĺ˵档
µλѪˮ˲ȼգָʧΧѪˮҲȼմˡ
һĻų˵
֪ˣԻ𣿡
鱾ͼʱƼҸĸ棬Цű㽫еŭȫϣȾ˱˪
ַ̧䣬ָܣĶ³ĸڵλ÷ȥ
ҲʱʵѪˮһλΪһ߾ѪɫһӾͽˣĸͱЩͷ
ʶ̧ͷƼǰֵһѪʱǱˣͼЩվŵѪӳǵƱƤһֻʣһЩѪ֯Ѫܹ⿴Щʳ˹ǵѪͷжƼ
ëȻһĻʶȥһ˫Ⱦžš
ҲܣҽԺͷЩس˻Ҫֲ
ע⵽ʳ˹ЩѪɵñ뵽´Щֱʳ˹ǵ´һǷֳ
Ż
Щ̲סˣͷͷŻһ˫ΪŻȾˮۡ
״§ſʼĸı˳һƼѪźͷһЩŻеˣŻۡ
Сʦۣһͺˣ
ָḧĴ꣬ͷˮһһȥȻǳЦŵš
Щֵ˫ҲΪĶƬֱ̣˰˻ںϵů㣬ǰûǿֲĵһĻֻϵˮ
ĿԼĻͷǳЦƬ̧̣ʱеůɢֻ⣬һ̰֮гһɫĹһ˿ڿдһ㣬ٵЩѪ֮дС
˿֮Ѫ˽Աг飬еȳζԽԽأ§ľȫȥ
߲ϵشžડžડ˿֮Ѫ˵ͷ­Ҳжϣһ̲ͷǧն׵ģ
û̧ͷȥǹҲ֪ǸεѪȣʬҰѪˮ
жͷ­Ѫûе¶ȻѪˮʳ˹ǲϵض˿ڵλ÷ӿ˵棬ëȻ
״һӣͼ˿ͬ޵һֻƬ֮ͽѪ飬ٴδˡžડžડ
ЩѪʬȫɢڵʱ·׳һ㣬ѪˮȾ˵ǽ޵ΧҲѪˮѪˮɴͷֱӽȾѪɫ
ߴ˵͵͵Цʶ̧ͷƼͷЦʱ˶ˣֿ󣬾ͼʬҰв˾֡
ðǺõٽһݴ񰡣ǲ֪ܲܽӵٽĻ񡣡
͵͵ػдЦܿʹˣͼַĴǣָ֮µЦݸ˵űЩŵվסš
ΪʲôҾͽʳ˹ǻֲôѪȵȻЦó
½ָһЩЩµӲҴĻͷ˷Լһɱˡ
˴Ķʱ˹ȥеδɢĿҲһָĴ꣬ĶͺڶԴһ㡣
ϵĴվԭزҶôԹԵǰ˸ߴ˵
Сʦںͽ㣬ֻҪСʦͽȥͽԸ⡣
͵͵ػ£µĸӹǶʼ
ҲʱѪ֮еĸ˶ͿĸߵѪˮٴλûѪˣָק½Ȼ󾪻ŵĿ˵

źòײŽڵѪ˶ɱˣҪڳֻɱʲôʱЩĽˡ
ҲͬʱͷٴγָָϮȥ˲ûǧӰͼڻһŨɰǧָǰЩŻεѪնϿ顣
ٴδѪصһЩѪΪָĽűߣ˽±ʳ˹Ǹҧˡ
һָĸڣһ˻֮ĸ汻ָгǧƬʳ˹档
״ٴλָ֣ɢΪֱӽʳ˹ȫȼմ
һʳ˹Ǳȼն𣬶ӭ
ȡȡ
һĻǺֱ˵ĻͷǿֹסȣֻĶζصѬЩͷΣֻܽԴȫľѴһЩ
öġ
θͷķӿ§ľֹסҪŻͷܵ۽ǶȾˮա
ߵʱ˻еˣɫҰܵ˵Ӧû۲ǣѾɱ۵ܵģȴЦ͵͵Цڻص
ȻСʦʱÿء
ţָסʹ̧ͷԼһδֱ֮ӵסĴ꣬еȫѹص˺УָľȫԼĻͷֱӵƷе
ī̧ͷͷմ࣬ʱֻ˫Ⱦ˫ʶ½
ͽôˣ
ȻǿŽɵôˡ
һֻ̣ʲôůԴԴϵӿԼͷǹů˳Լʼϵշת
ʲô
ͻȻڵĹůǲ⣬ȻܲȴֺϲůĴֻůʶָǰ˵ľ
ϵů㣬ֲԼĺ󾱱ŸǿǰˣӦǺǰ˲Ŷԣů֮Ƿȴ˿
ڱȾ֮ҲŻӦҪϵϢҪ
ҲʱۣеѪɫʧȡ֮ǲ죬ֿϻӦԼˣָⶼʶʼˡ
ǲСʦȡˣ
뵽ոһɲǼ䱻ȡߵŻе˲ɻ󣬶ɻ֮ע⵽Լʲôæ㽫ɿˡ
˫ִţв˾ţڿڵʱɤ˻š
ԲСʦͽ
֪ôͣȥǰ˾»֮ǰһܾȻ뿪ֻһͷ
ֺԼ˫˫ħϵ
ҪСʦĺҪСʦĺҪ
ΪʲôСʦľͻСʦģͲ룬̲ס
ҲħϵƬ̣Χһۿɼٶȿٵ㣬ľҲήˣ֦ɳѷ˵档
һ̹˵棬ſҶķȾ˱ʹסֻꡪһľֱӱѿˣ֦ɿ˵洫һ졣
Сʦͽô졣
֪ô죬Щ޴ĿǰƬ֣һ˺¡
ԭصѾû˵޵ḧԼձ۸Ĵָ꣬ϸϸžͺڻζʱ龰һ㡣
֣֮ǰһ¶úöģڷöˣЩϤ
ȵȣ²ǱͽֵöбŰ˰ɡ
ŰǲԣǲΣΡ
ٴοȥķָڷǵʱ˷ڵůͻȻЩǴԼӵĶʲô
˺һҲûʲôǱ˼ֻһ̾ͿǰʬҰٳ˵ţڵϸŻ
Ż
ûôڱϿţֻöĵڵѪζƮ˵⣬ƶһЩλò΢һЩ
ΪʲôҲЩˣҪŻҰ
µθᶼһͬŻ˳ܵӹǸЩĿ£Ŀɢ
类Ȿ
лҪ˵Сߵ½Ѿˣݵޡ
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37 
ϵʳ˹һºѪޱʱסˣЩµͷŽ̴ŮÿǾֵıʱЦ
ŵˡ
ȻͷĶģҺòʰȻҪˡ
һŵܿ߳ԻţɰģɲһϷĴٹ
һϴ죬ܴıϣƼŵܿȡһ鶪˿УϢܿڿӡ
̧ʱƼһϷģŽĿǰͷŮϣԼҲµЦʲôˡ
Сʦ㻹ǸʦˣƢԶԽԽˣѪҲЦó
ͷģܵνͼЩѪʬģСʦһ䱻ʦڻͷˤõ滨ƹⳡû·Ц
ò˵ʦӰǺܴģôСñ̬ˡ
ഫȡһܿͷҧţһЦ˵
˭ͽˣӦýȥƣҿǴͷ³ģôһ𣬵Ȼƽ
˭Ǹ̬ͽ񰡣ͷĳġ
ֻһ˾öǶඪúֻԼ̫һ㣬ڿҲģȻ
ȻĿǵϣһɫ࣬üۼЦ⡣
ܼ״ҲͷŮ̴ӣ˾һʼϷʬ鱻ľͰһȥ
Ȼ̬ǻᴫȾģٰܾСʦѾȾˡ
ֹһͷܿˣŮǰһֻ˲ˮ˵һš
ĲˮԼֻյȡ˲ܵů裬ȻԼһŽŻԭλ
ϵһ˲յͷƯˮϣһЦЦȻȥ
ܸ˰һΪ㿴ʦŵ˵ˡ
ܿǳЦӯӯƼůȥůȥЩɬĺ
˲յһһ̧֣ܺŵ˵
𣿡
𣿺ͷЩˣǲ֪ʲôط
벻ͨҲⲻˣֻõŰ
ܼǻûɢȥЦ⣬ֱסգһ˻ȥ
Цղ£ˣҿʦϢôʦ˫ˣ
˵֮󣬰ܱǺĳЩճɵɵִϲ˫޺Ϣܹǿŷ˫޵ˣóʦӦûеڶˡ
ôһιñģɲ˫޺Żе

˫ޣôܣͽôܻ˫ޡ
˵ˣֲǷˣǿһΣܲôȥɡ
ҡҡͷҡͷ֮־ͷȻЩůůģʲôȴһҲ벻ˡ
ˣҪ㰡ˡ
ܼôϣ޲ýϹһ٣һ뵽ʦŵҲͷ
ֹã쵽ŵʱ֣߳Բ˳ճյؿţҪȴôˡ
ôվڲԶãһʿȻǸоɰȴע⵽ˣԼʦɵ̾
ãǿģСʦǿǺǶˣҪǿġ
ɿŲһʦģܻЩˣϵ⣬С˵
ĹͽˣҾȳˣһҪȥ棬Ե㡣
ʦʦֻܰ㵽ˣҪǿԺСʦӿɾˡ
˵֮͵һһֿ뿪ˣֻһɻ
ȥ棿ǳٽĸȥѽͽôģ
գ۳ǰͷȥȻͿվǶõֻһۣеǹͷˡ
ͽֻʦһ˲ܳ
ҲʱԺͷһ仰㽫ͷĲƷˡ
Ҳܣ仰ʲô
ѵǱͽŰ֢˲ɣΪʲô仰ҲܣҲܣ
ƼֶˣǰһƬһһһ㻺ǰ
ůӿͷһ˫ȾŲڲϷԼƵˡ
˺㰡
΢ǲ졣
ԣԣͽϱζֲǽŵҵʲô
ٽִͷ˻ȥȻ䵲ˣȥǰˡ
ѾջȥįһֱôţðС˵
Сʦ𣬽տҪȥͷ棬ýհлƽڡ
ȥƣ뵽ҵĸݵذǽлƽڣ֪СʦضϲЩֺõ˵š
Сģͷģ뽫˴ȥͷ۸
ȵȵȣ۸ͽͽ۸ҾͲˡ
ְѵǿôѪ飬Ӹɵˣ
Щģɵø͵͵ػš
Сʦ𣿡
ǳǳĻ϶ů㣬ԼЩˣ̧ʱճյؿǰˣһ§ľľѴš
§ŵĿһĻˣ𾪺ܿͻع
˫޺
ǧͷܻôһǣСʦôͻȻת̬ȡ
֪ʲô뷨ȫ˻Уϵů㣬ů
˵ĺ㰡
нȾů⣬ֻͷϲԽһЩǶƲסǳЦ
֣ǰЩ쿴ͽµΪʲôȴ
Һͽһʱǹůֻ֣ůůġ

͵͵ǳĺ䴫һֽ§ԼпһЩ
üҲʱĲתǴԼȡߵġ
ע⵽в𾪣ûֻܹǿһܿʼοһˣ͵ȡԼڵһԼͷת
Сʦ㡤
̫ûпסԼôȫӿڣԼΧȫӿԼںתƬ̾ͻᱻȡߡ
Ҳʱ֮ٴδЩĿĻͷɫҲΪתһЩԵЩ
۵ʱֻǰģ˺һŻ񣬻ֱ֮Լڻеʱÿɿ֣Ȼ˵
Ǹ
˫ִԵЩȣֲ֮ĿԼϣֻŷԼ˫̱һֱ˽ͷ
ůٴγů⡣
Сģ
ߴ˵͵͵ؾƼ§Լʱһ˫ԺֲԼᱧ̧ʱһǵģ
Լŵӣɫʼ
ҷڶͽ
ǡǡҲǺ
ǲ⣬֮ӻ뿪ȴĻпһЩֻĻᴭ
ԼĪƬ֮ŷԼȥ˺ǰͷůǲ⡣
Ҫʲô
֮±ѯš
ֻûеõĻشڿʼԼʱҲǻָϣɻӾͱůͷ
ůĳˮѴʪͬʱҲīҲһͬȾʪˡ
΢ۿԼһˣϵָᶯ˶ȴͣˡ
һҪȥͽСʦԡһǾ뿪
Ŷߴʶ˵ĳȥԭģֻЩ
һע⵽ԼѾůˮļͷϣʶĻпһЩ˶ϡ
뵽ȥͷȥģͷһųȥ𣿿ϧԼ棬ȻҲһҲ
뵽͵͵ЦӹǸЩֱĻͷһԴľѴϵůǰġ
֪Լģж˵ɵſϣɿ˵Ҷ»ԼСʦ
ֻҶɻеȴһֱȥǵһЩֻ˱ۡ
Сʦɱȥˡ
лҪ˵еo(ini)o


38 
ſĻͷԹԵԼӣ΢ŵķͷȾһ˿ܡ
ᵽϵůʱʶ㿪ʼ˼
ܾͽȥͺܺóԵģ
Сͽһܺó԰ɡ
ͷ߶ЩɺܿͱԼ뷨ŵˣۣʱƼ𪾫µǣԺǹҪԵСͽͷȻˡ
ҡΪʲô뷨Ѳɱͽ⼸ֵõʧķ
˵ұˣ
뵽ҲǱˣһ˿𾪣֮ϵҲ˻̧ʱͷȴиһֱڽԵǰСͽ
ǵԽԽѹͷĿ־壬ָˮмһƬˮٴδ˴ʹ
ʹ
ܵͫ״Ĵʹ־Լۣͷʱī˳ɢǰˮȴģһƬ
СʦôˣĶۣ
ߴĽǵһԼӱ§˻У۾̧˱ϵˣƼʱ۱ˡ
۾ۣ
ǳǳػִܿˣĻע⵽ָ⣬һԼ۵ֱƿһЩԭڰͫȴӳݡ
ֲָḧԼ۽ǣȾˮյĽëĶţ۵ʹҲḧɢˣͷǹͷȴԽˡ
˫Ƭ̵ڴָḧԼգƬ̺˵
ͽó𣿡
͵͵ػĴͷҲʱ̧ǰˣȴĻش
ⷬͷ𾪣ḧյָⶼðų˵
Сʦ˵ʲô
Ҵ»ǰˣҲֻǿѹԼͷżСѯš
һ뷽һģһĻ֪ԼǻþǶͻתΪ˫޺ԭǰͷɢֻһ˿ɻ
Сʦôˣ
ֻɻǰȴѾ֣ߴˮԼӱ§˻Уϴһ˿΢һ
Žߵˣīָⶼ˶ƽӲͣԭء
ḧǰգüۼů⣬ڲǰûκζʱЦ
ͽʦűúóԡ
ǳЦ֮ĻͷһЩԼȫϣȵĳˮȾʪָȾʪѡ
ҪҪˡ
еǵһ˿ⲻϵתֻúЩƲסԼˣ۵ĴʹٴδڸһҪˡ
ѾǵƵÿҪˣ֪ô죬˲ϵؿһҲ֪ô졣
ҲȾˮۣ͵͵ؿܿʹˣѵλѾǵռݡ
ԵԵ
ҪҺòãĺܡ
ǳǳɤʵĿܵزϵش˫ָǴָ⸧Լӡ
Сʦޣ޺òá
Ż֪ԼСʦ飬Ȼ֪ΪʲôͻȻͶˣԼģġ
ָĶΪ磽⣬ƼΪö¶ЦʱˣһʱĿеȫѹصĺ䣬ֻ˴صĺ
ָľԼ˫һԺʱеҺ͵˹ϵزࡣ
֮ȻĶߵ˵
ԣЩۡ
ŶߴԺȴѾһƬ磬ڿ˫ģģƲģȴĸܵϴůԼǳǳ
һַԼſӣȥҧס˴֮꣬
ۣͽҺۡ
ʹӶһЩҶίί
ΪʲôҳԹͽȴۣ
ĺ۰
뵽ίˣ˹Ļ΢
𣿡
۵ػĿдĶУһľѴ̧ͷȥĹͽע⵽۵ģʱ͵Ц
ۡ
˵ֿ֮ѴŬҪӦţʹЦί
֮ǳˣĻгţеˮ˳ˮ֮мһƬųˮеԼĽģɬ
ǰ˼˵ЩŵĿʶǰŮ̴ڴɨ
ˣ
ʹʼˮҲΪĶˮȴסˣһ̶ߴ
£һжͽڡ
һͽڴеľţƼͷůŷָıɵ
ҲʱԼȱ̧ˮ洫ˡˮԲĽֺ¶ˮϣžЩɰ
ЩֵḧĽֺͷЦ⣬ѡ
СʦĽֺССģɰ
عιĽŵڲΪԼĶʱǰˣίɫʱЦ
ˮҲʱһͼһˮ滺ƮţůΧ
ͷţȫᣬµѾմȾ˿űһ
ڿĿȫίֻǶίȴȻûҲûǹɵ§ļͷš
ɵģĶˣ̲סǳЦţȻ˵
Сʦԡ
͵͵ɤЦڳˮߴһͽԼڵ뵽ڣԼʶϡٵʼת죬ͬʱڵҲӿůܣƮһƬһꡣ
Ļ껺Ʈů֮Уī֮ϡ
һ仨Ĵʱȥһ뵽ĿУϢܿ˵໷š
СʦڵˣΪһ
ע⵽ڵȽϵһ ˫Ҫ࣬ͷһ˿ɻ󣬿ɻ֮ܿͻˣΪϵĻ꾹Ȼȫ뵽ڡ
ÿһ仨ʧܷڵһЩٶҲӿࡣ
Ϊ飡
ʱע⵽ʲôȻû뵽ԼСʦһ龹ȻԻΪĲˡ
ΪɲһܹͣԼߣԼСʦȴᣬһõ档
СʦӾʲôܣϹ
Ҳʱ뵽˰ƵѰСʦĪҲ⻯Ϊйء
֪ʲô뷨Щ˶ľѴϵů㣬ͷȴһֹš
ԭ֮ǿиоѽҺ㰡Ǻܺóء
ֲǰͣ˶ȻڵתϲСͽû˶Щˣίɤ˵
Ҫ𣿡
͵͵ɤһ˿С˵ţԼĻķУԼϾǸеģ˻һҲá
ȻˣΪһԼԴźǵĥţȻ˶ߴĻһ仹ҪԹԵص˵ͷȻЦ
Ҫ
Ҳʱ۴һ˿⣬ıʧˣֻôˬ
ǳǳӺǰͷʰŮЩϸʱһȻͷĶӿ࣬ȫǾ֡
û˸ȥˣû˸ȥ͵ǵϣԼûг䣬ٲΪЩʦ𷣡
Ļе͵͵֧ţüҴǻϲڵҲ˵ת澭ע뵤ﴦӸΪתԽӾ¶ˣÿ
ģϴӵ΢΢һ㶡
СʦϴΪ˲ͬôԽӺÿ
ԼСʦԽӾµݣһ˿ɻ󣬶ʱᵽϵζܵԼůƿЩͬ
ѲˣӹûбĽʵôˡ
ʶµĶһЩԼһûסֻǼһЩСʦ𣬿ʱ̲סͷӡԼĺۼ
һĺۼܿͳϣµĲˡ
ʱѾҹ֮Ʈһյյ˸Ĺƣƻ֮˹
Ϊǹůʧۺ󿴵ߵʱƬ̣ɺܿ˷飬ͬʱҲע⵽˻һɫ̲סͷ
ѺԼȻΪ¶ŵòˣڿʱ˵Ƕ߶µġ
ңʲô˰ɣǾ͵ԼˣԼˡ
˵֮ˣԼ˵ʲôѽЩѵǵ¼
ڴϵʱ͸Ҫ˴ͷˡ
ɫҲΪԼĻ԰һЩǾţǵ洽ǳЦ
Цһʱ侹ȻЩˡ
ͽԼˣΪʲôЦóѵǱԼĻ̼Ĳ
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ԭֻǿͽЦΪҪοο˵껰ɵˡ
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˶˫࣬˫࣬˫࣬Ҫ˵(*^^*)л2020-07-29 10:46:13~2020-07-30 13:35:15ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
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40 
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㣡ʦԼĳﲻɲǼѾǶˣֱ̧ҪΪ䱨
жͲ˱ĴУ̧ȥʱڳ˵ľ϶һָв˲졣
С齣ȴһ˲˵ĲϣǶҲʱǰ˻һݣǾǽڵһˣ
⽣ں󣬰ʦٿЦʱֻûڲ
㿴ҶúùܽⲻТˣлûУ
˾ֵĿ⣬ڴǳЦЦݿɴʱȴ
ʦֻñǿѹеŭ⣬Ƭ̺ųл
лʦ
һ̣ĿԭλϣǾŵָȴʼնûʧҲǲòĻ
ǽߵİҲȥ鿴Ƕˡ
ŵòɵĭһ˫ֽקôɿֻҪһɿǱָͿ˺ľͻԼһͷǾ֡
ֵĻָͺܴǽһĻֻʣһƤĶȫûˡ
֮£Ķһ㱡غա
ע⵽ʱЦָգȻůɤ˵
£ǸǷ̵ܽˡ
ֻȻûбһӾͱ˻ͷůܿϮɢͷĿ־壬Ű
ʣһƤˡ
ȫǰû˹Ĳӣ˫ֽ§ܲô¡
˺һŽȻʹĻͷˣע⵽ḧԼĴ꣬ԹԵ
Ҳʱֿǰͷˣһŵ˵
Ȼⳤ̵ĲУҲȻĺӣٽҲСһ񣬾ǿϧˣû£һǱҲһȥˡ
ĻŸ˵꣬˼Ǿ仰ͷʹһߵĲҽɫһ𾪵Ŀ
ʦǲҽĻɫ԰һЩһͷǲţƬ̺ſ˵
ܣѾ
ֻĻδ˵꣬Ϳָͷһֻɶֻ꣬ɶ껹ûָ²ϵš
ֻķɶ꣬ʦ󾪣
˵ϧˣûؾѾˡ
˵֮㵱Űʦ棬ֳ˷ɶĳָ仮һӸŰˡ
Ҳʱſڴֻһʹ֧˻ȥ󾪣


41 
ž
ֻſڴ˴̶֧ʹһһֻȾѪִſϣֻֽţͺҪſһ㡣
ҲʱһȾѪ˺۵˳˵ǰϸȥᷢйĵطһѪ·һء
˽ĿǸӦѾ˿ȴȻűߵˣ󾪣
Ƭ̧̺ͷͿһŰɫӴۿͷȥǰıʳ˹Ǵۿͷӿ˳Ŀġ
ǡʳˡ
˳Ѫʹţ˵б³Ѫʳ˹ֺĴĺ˳ͷƤ顣
һ֮˱ûϢֻ߲ʳ˹ǻڲϵشͷƤͷӿǽԽȫԸɾһ㡣
ڵ˿ѾûϢ˴󾪲ѣ׷׽ĿϣƼһģµһжֱʡ
㣡
˿ŭĿԭλϵȻҶֻ֣ΪǰʱҪ齣ǵĺ䡣
ҲʱҵִˣȻŵͳɤ˵
֪˺ʦʦҪ㺦ǡ
ҽӵȻֻǮˣɾгѰҲٽ˲ǣٽ˲ˣͷ˶ɱˣõĻԼҵʳ˹ǡ
Ȼ֪ʳ˹ΪλͷȷͷǸ״ضһΪ
ִֻ˵Ļ˵ǰͷ
ʲô£ǾҪԼˡ
ȡ˰ǰů˴ȾЦ⡣
ִⷬתͷ˰ʦɫ֪ҵǽٽĵӣȭ˫ֶΪ˲һЩ
ŰʦĿҲһʼľη񣬵¶㲻֪Ͻ˵ӾȻץ˰ѱٽǰѰǳ²ࡣ
ţִͷŭˣڻͷʱȴֽǹŭѹ˻ȥЦſ˵
ᣬʦѸߣضǽϲˣʦԭ£ʱҶȻؽ⳥
˵֮󣬰ִֿһ۰ʦ˫ʱͷЦһҾô
ҲʱҵҲĿ˰ʦϣͷǴһͺжһ㣬űǷ̡
ִʦ֮İӿ͵ЦЦȻĶߣ˵
СʦǴ˭Ӯ
˵֮󿴵˲Ŀ⣬ֻǻһǳЦȻֽĿǰͷϡ
ҵҰأֲԼϷ
ţ㿪˿ڣЦ˵
ǿˣʦ㿴
Ļֻ˵һͽĻ׸˰ִˣִ˵ͷЦ⡣
ִյҲ֪ʲô˼ˣͷһ˿ʹȻ󿪿˵
ȻʦʦұضϢʦһ
£ĿƵλϵİʦϣͷǴ⾹Ȼһ˿Ц⣬ͺѾһ㡣
֮仰İʦҲ֪ǵ˼вŭ⡣
㵱˸ִ˵Ӷˣʦǲǣ
ѾûнˣͷֻһͷǾԼųİִΪһٽҪɱԼİǣ
ʦ˵ֻΪ˱ȫҰˣҪ־ֻܹʦţʦ
͵͵ػִ˵вʹģֻʹȴûʦۣٿΧЩǶǴĿ⿴ԼЦ

벻Լõİֻ꣬һٽȻǶԼɱģЩ˵ĵʳ˹Ƕ硣
ԭλŰνԵˣƬ̣һע⵽Լӱ˻Уûȥ鿴һ˫ضǰˡ
ʲô˲ʦͺĹϵôͻȻҪˡ
ȦҰ
ţʶȡϵĸţȫһϷľˡ
Сʦ˭Ӯ
ִ֮ǰһʻ˹ȥͷЦʱֺܿ콫ĿǰͷѾֵˡ
ǽζƬ콫ǵ˻ͷûõҲһЩһͬڵϡ
ҧһںŴյĶߣ˵
Ҳʦ˼ô˵ǵȣԸСӦҪռϷŶԡ
˵ָ֮æĿǰͷǵһƼڧʱ򲻿˵Ժûῴˡ
ͽǸִ˻Ӯ
˵СĶһǳǣûзУڴЦ
ʱһӭӱſ뿪ԭأ˲ԶλϣǷغҳƬһЩмĽűߣ˫ɵһЩ
գգĳɳԹȺˡ
֮һ㣬ȻЩеؾ׽š
ͷĲҽԴԴϵĴȴҲǻһƬִʦòɿİ޷սֻܿԭء
и°ʦһʱͼűߣŵǿѾƬ䣬ߺ޲ѡ
ҳʲô
˵֮󣬰ʦֻúһʹһ̱³ѪѪ˵棬Ǵ۵
ܹظܵĻңֻҪͻһϢңõԽҵԽѾòˡ
ܹ޽䱸ͳ¶ģԼһֱߵİִ⣬벻ˡ
Ҳͬʱ˰ִеЦ⣬֪ѾԼɱģٽĵӾģǴϢҲġ
ԭ뺦ң뺦ԼǸ˻Լһֱ۰ĺ
Ҫɱ㣡
ŭٴһ̾ͼʦǿȫҪִͬھ
ɿŰʦִ˷ǵûжֶվԭţһ˫ǵóѵЦ⣬Ȼ˵
ʦҲΪ˰ҺãΪִԲ򡣡
дʧǶλصʧ͸һ㣬ĨЦȴζڸǲȥҪΪҵʦˡ
һ̣ʦˤ˵ϣǿȫȫѣʼ鴤ѪԴԴϵش˳ɲǼԭ޵İʦһªޱȵķˣµ
վںͷİȻϧʦˣһ뵽ܱȫһȴͻˣ޲ʦһ˳ее
ִ˿ŵǸ֧֧ʹˣеЦ⻻˱ˣʵ˵
ʦģὫãչµȪ
˵֮Ƽ˫Ѫֲű㳯ԼŰʦͷķŭЦŵͷյĶߣһŵ˵
ʦ鵤ɺóԣ⻹ʦ㵱ҵǿιµģԼˣζɣģӽտʼǰʦỤŰͰĵȥɡ
£ִ𾪵Ŀ֮ȡڵ˶֪ӳĻꡣ
ʦʹ䡣
һ֮ϷǿüȰԭΪʦӮȻĺɱˣȻɽв˳ǰɳ̲ϡ

ÿ𣿡
Ҳʱഫǳǳʻ˹ȥͿǸСͽǳЦſڰϣʶ˵ͷ
ÿţ϶ÿڧɱ϶ÿ
ָæعͷȥŸ㿴úϸ»©ʲôϸڣϾԺûزġ
ܿ죬ִǿɢԪӤڵ˹ߵǰʱڵ˹ȥű˵˵
ʦðٽѾ´ˣһжǰҵĹʦԪӤڵ˰˵
͵͵ػһĨʣǰͷܹڵֶţڱȥһ㣬ôһЩˡ
ֽӹǿȾԪӤڵƣص˵ͷɾΪǾǨŭһ̱Ƽǿڵͷ˷ĩ˵档
ʦǺ⣿
ִ˿űĩڵ󾪣ЩĿ˱ϵˡ
Ƭ̺λϵһָķĩһһȥ˵Ŀ֮¿˿ڡ
á
򵥵־ðִɫһҲʱûƤҵѪˣƬ֮ӵ룬ˡ
һӣе˶ѹԭأãЩûƤҵѪֱЩʵͷҧҽԴԴϵش˲䱻ѪȾ죬Ŀġ
ʦ㣡
ִҲ֪ʲôŸնʦλãλûûأѵҪ
УԲУ
ĲкãˣֻǴ˷ĲҽϵػصĶϡ
ҵִˣҿɴûҪŹκˣһԸˡ
˵ָᶯ˶վıǰӻȡһϸСƿ
Ǿƿͷʲô֪
űĶͷĶ˳˰ִ˵ۿͷ
ʳ˹䶯ۿͷţҲɲǼֱҧ˽ȥɫҺ˲ӿ˳

ʹĲҽˣֻʳ˹ǿٿʳֱӽԵøɸɾֻһѪ˺Ȼ
ѪԴԴϵشۿͷӿ˳Ѫˮͷʳ˹ǣûղųȥĸȫ³ˡ
Ҳ뺦˭ҵˣҪ׼
Űִ˵ͷ­ٸͷѾԵøɸɾͷƤҲһӣʳ˹ȿֺӿ˳䶯ӳδԹȥ
Ҳʱͷʳ˹ǣڲϵؿʳͷѪ⣬һ㣬һĽϵⶼԸɾˣֻʣһŸԵ/Ƥ
λϵԽǵЦݱԽˣָڴḧţǰͷһĻ
ڵİ˶ʳ˹ǵʴ֮£ִҲͷͷ֪ûкڣͦڵģžͲӦóԶڿĵһĻֻθͷһ󷭽
һ̣Ӿͱ̧ʱԼЦҲǳǳЦ
ؼˡ
ؼҵĻ£ԹԵص˵ͷȻĻгš
ֻǳźƼͷ龰ʱǱˣֻϲѪǲ֫ȣ࣬Ҳ̶á
ֿ֮ǰűߵˣͼ˵İӶҧˣһأһƼǾ߲ͷʳ˹ڷӿţÿٽԴĻͷȥˡ
ͷȳѪζֻűͷĿѣվסţλǱųģȻǱŵ߲ˡ
ֱ˰źǹȳζŽ࣬ȻЩǺǡ
ҽڲϵشһҽǾЩˣһ뵽ԼǵͻȻ־òˡ
ã
˼֮ʣͷȥͼһϲŮ˳һʧģ
ףӡ

˻ûܵǰأЦñŸˣȻ˾վԭأͷҵĺԼѪӿ
Ƽˣ𣿡
Ƭ̺˵
ŽյĸĻͻȻ˽ǰ˵ĻȻһЦŵ˵ͷ
ͦÿģ߰ɡ
ܿ죬˾ؽΣ뿪˰ǡ
ŰϮ磬Լ˶ĻͷȻ˰ұŵĲҰȻЩѪȣܵ˵ܽͶˡ
˲Ҳˡ
Ҳʱߴǳǳ
Сʦ𡣡
ۿ˹ȥһ̱ӦţĻػ
ǻػûͲԼľ̧ͷܿһ˿Ĵдע⵽ڿҧԼľġ
һֿ̧ͷע⵽˫ȾЦ⣬ҲЦſһЩ֮Լºۼ
½󱻽⿪ʱӿͷۣһ֧ſ˵
ͽҺ˺òã»ذɡ
˵֮ĻС
á
ЦѾ˼ˣḧľֻͷǳǳغۼ뿪ˡ
лҪ˵ַתǰִ˽͵ʦϣϢҲݵ(*^^*)л2020-07-31 10:38:29~2020-08-01 12:28:57ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лӪҺСʹС(ûҪ) 6ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ


42 
ؽٽʱѾҹʱˣӭϮ紵ɢ˵ѣͷɴһͬš
ڸ̴Ӽ״첽ӭȥ֮һࡣ
һů˽ͷŻѾ˯һԺǳǳЦЦЦ֮Щҵһų˽ӡ
ǰͷŮֳֹվһ࣬˽ӿ첽ӭȥǰͷ·
ڵСϲһſϸСɽ飬ŮĿЩɽͻŹƶȥָֻˡ
ԼĪƬ֮ŮůһͬƮ硣
ҲζЩˣۣǰ΢⣬ðŻع
֮Ƽ˱ϵĴƬ֣ʱע⵽Ѿ̧ͷĿϣЩḧµľƬ̺ų˵
𣿡
˵֮󣬶˶ԴĻѰһʵλÿţһ˫ǰˣֻԼһӦ
Ѿˡ
һʹˡ
ŶǾ䵽ˣЩĵص˵ͷﴽǳЦűۡ
ȵӱŷ뱻ͷ󣬷ҲʱˣƼ뿪Ӱס䣬ȻЩСس˵
ҪȥĶ
͵͵ɤһ˿⣬ɼжקȴҲǽֻص˴ϡ
ָḧīɫĳðſ˵
Сʦ˯ɣµġ
Щ˯Ļеľ⽥ɢˣĿĻͷӶ
ǲΪҲҲ˯ˣһκòã
૵Ļдֽ˽§ˣô֡
ⷬŵͷлһ˿Ǹ⣬һḧϸʣ˵
˵ͽ»СʦСʦƼͽ⣬Բ𣬶ͽĴ
˵ֽ֮дһЩָⲻϵظӣͺΪԼѰʲôοһ㡣
Ҳʱע⵽СʦˣȸմӵͷӳʱҪݣݵֻǱűЩѵûš
Ҳע⵽һĻ˵ֶʼˣͷǾš
ôҲû뵽СʦȻԼĥݳģ˵˴˷ΪСʦģΪʲôԻΪʲôԼΪЩĪеļʶСʦ
ţ㽫˽§˻Увʹ
֪ʲôֻеڲϵزһ˿ɻĸıƬ̺Űο˵
ûû£ʦأԡ
ֻΪԼСͽںʲôѧСʱ谲ԼģԼСͽвů⣬ůϢͷ
ֹһע⵽ͷ˲ڲˣ̧ͷͷǸ⣬ݣЦſ˵
ôˣѵΪڰƼǰĵһĻˣԭʦҲкµĶѽ
˵֮ıοš
˵źµûпڻӦǽԴȫؿڣۺϴĵ㣬ܺҲϲ
˾ôһð춼ûɿڵĳԴԴϵĴƼˣĶߣһǺЦſ˵
СͽҪ𣿡
˵󣬽˴ӻи˳˫µķЦ
Ƽҡͷһͬ˱죬ָḧľ˶ſϣԴľѴű˯˹ȥ
ߡ
˯ȥ֮ǰֱһЩ͵͵š
קŲߵŻѾûˣַʱԼϵıһЩ˯ø֮ظıš
ߣͽĶҲȥʹСʦߡ
ǳǳػһ˿ɳĶߣһľһǳǣһͬ˯
ɾ׼ԼСʦһͬ˯ȥʱдһɢŵʱƼڲϵػۣ۵Сʦϡ
ͬʱеԽԼڣǿʱֻЩʣܿ죬ԼĺЩת˵ﴦ
תƬ֮ҪΪϢȴ˲뿪ڡ
Ҳۣ֮ϵѾƣµ֮±øӶˣеĵ㶼

ҲʱĻдһǳǳصȥͿΪö΢ݣʶḧգԼָ±ԽӺˡ
ֱСʦ˰
͵͵ػˣǳЦɤһ˿硣
ֻһЩɻˣֻһ߷ˣҪ˵Լ˫޵ʱתһЩɴʱģͺǻһӾ
ǣûڹľӣҪ
ţԼʶ˳ЩһͬڣһƼĵʱˣû뵽ӾȻԼ֪״ͻڡ
ǣӵڹľʲôûľλͻڣ޵ʲô
֮±һͷɻͷ鿴һҲڹľĳҲ˵
ǣʶ㿪ʼѰţע⵽ԭӦúķʱȴѷ죬ѷͷ΢⡣
ǰһĻ󾪣
鼴ǺҲ˵κ⣬ͷˣΪﵽⶼǷϵġ
ʱѷ죬ѷͷ⣬ͺԭ͸ǰĹȴΪʲôԭ򱻲ķ顣
뵽ֿһЩҪȥ鿴
ָ⻹δһɼǿӭϮһ̱㽫ʶ˳ȥҲͬʱǹŰ
δѾͲһɱ⣬ۣͿе̧ͷ˹ȥλȴǿˡ
Сʦ𣡡
ǱмЩ̧ͷȥǵȴٴϮˣ˼ٷ˰ѹ˻ͷ˫ǯѹ˷ؿŻЩˡ
һƼͷɲɱʱֶ΢΢Ƭ̣ȻǹɫԼůСʦ
ҲͬʱĴ΢΢Цͺƿʲôһ㣬ЦþЦЩϵ˭ˡ
Сʦ𣿡
ɻţ㿴е˱ۣǹɱҲһͬʧˡ
ֹƬ̣ͷٴδ˶ҪѹסڿͷǾɫʱָⶼԭء
ô£ոôˣ
ŵ૵ˣһĲ⡣
ôˣ
ҪɲжȴԼ˫ֱѹڷͷˮĵ˵š
˵֮󣬽˫ִͷ˳§Ļһֵ˵
ôˣ˯ˮ𣿡
ʶֲǣɲûʲôʪǲԼѵˡ
Сʦ㷽𣿡
ɻǰⷬЩüƬ̺ҡҡͷȻͱһͬɻص˱ͷ
ǿͽԺˡ
ҡͷֽ§˻Уֻ˫ͷȴ뵽ŵ£֪ԲżȻСʦͷʲô
§ŵЩˣ򴽰ѿʼ֡
ˮ
˵֮˽žͿʼȥԼˮȡ
Ƭ̺󣬿ԼСͽ˱˴ȥߵ裬ȹ˱ϣ۰ؿš
ɫ͸񻨴ڣһͷīȾɫǺÿֻţڱϵָᶯ˶Ҫһͷīĳ嶯
ֿѾ˲ˣӹůС
ĲܿڿӣȥеĸɬͬʱҲɢ˯⣬һŽĲյַŻصͷ
Ҫ𣿡
͵͵ѯЦҡҡͷȻ㿴ıӰ
ܾСͽù԰ʲôʲô;ԲҾȻҳٽ
ְѵӸջˣ
뵽ӻˣڴ齱ʱȥĶͷͷûʲôȶȣŽָ˻
ûзգӦòӻˣѵΪ˹ϵ
Ҳʱӱ§ű˵ĻͷָḧľһԴͱ̧ĿҲӱתƵϡ
Сʦʲôأˡ
ȾЦĻĿдģǵزȥǲˮա
ѯ֮ܿͽ˼˻΢ǰˣƬ̺ŹԹԵҡҡͷ֮ЦŽԴľѴۺǺŵů㡣
ˣˣһֱôԡ
ţ§סľһͬ˱ͷȹϣů˯˹ȥ
ǳǳůһֱѴֱ˲Žɢˡ
ǹůɢ󲻾˹ʱѾ뿪ˣûжԹԾ˴
ߵߺһů裬Ų̧ܣ˫ЩԺҲƲǰͷ
Կ϶ǣտĶյЩͬڲˮٴ̧ͷֻǰĶЩ졣
֣Ϊʲôɫô
ǰͷĶЩɻš
ȵ ֮ǰͷɫֱԭģǲĿܣȻɫֻΪԼΪû˯ѵµģҲû̫⡣
תҪȥѣɲһȴһʹʶֽ۾סˡ
ʹ
ۺ۾λϣֱֿ֮࣬ǹʹʧ˲ۡ
ǣɲǣǰеһȫһƬĻɫΧһƬĳʧһ㡣
⣡
ǰǺɫʵЩŵĴ鿴ţΧеĶ޾Ļɫϵĺ컨˻ɫٱ˻ܱߡ
Ϊң˫ײߵĵϣֻžડһ죬ŵֱӳǰͷ˹ȥˤ˵档
ۣ
ϥǴһʹ۵ӿʼϥǣ˺һǹʹŽʧˣŴӵ
ܵ˻ܱϣǱʺĻʱȴǻҰͷ˾֡
ҵ۾
޾ĻҰĶ䵽˹ȵףҰĺʱʧһ㣬ƿ˵ţϮɢī
ۿͷʱǰһĻסˣһ̾ŵع˵棬ǰһƬҰ
ҪϹ𣿡
뵽ԼҪϹˣֲϵ۾ֻǰĻҰȴζɢˣŮע⵽ӭ
СôˣūȥѰʦ
Ů˵Ҵ뿪һŮٽ˷ǵǵŲ۾
վԭصû뿪ŮǲϵԼ˫ͷһƬҰ֮⣬Ʋһ˿ɫʣ֪ŮӦǳɫȴʲôƲеɫʾͺһҹ֮۾ͷһ㡣
ҵ۾ҪϹ˰ɣΪʲô
һΪʲô֮һεͷ۽ǣֻرǻҰȴָֻԭԼָѪɫԼķ˿Ҳ˺ɫǰҲɫʣ·𷽲ŵһĻֻһ㡣
ǣǲΣļǵûҰ·һ㣬ʧˣž˷
ҵ۾ôˣ
ؿԼ˫֣ͷǳǳѪɫɻֹš
һ˻صߣ˫ĿעǰĲյֱŮ˻ǻ
ӱϣˣͷĵǣܿ˷ǻҰֻþŵһ˽ĻУš
ôˣج𣿡
Żģִĺ󱳰ţֱϵĺһһȥˣſ˿ѯʡ
ֻǵ˺һҲֻȵЩӲҡͷȴǰҲûдɵü
һֲЩ⣬ԼϵɵϣɢһЩ˺һſ˵
ͽţ
˵̧֮ᶯ˶ָȺŮͷ
еڷŵźСرۣ˺һˣǰͷľﲢûб仯΢΢һĻе˵ͷ
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43 
źܷʢǰڷŵľע⵽Լ۾ûı仯СͽǰͷˣҲһȥ뷽ŵˡ
ȡ˿ӼǰһСӾͶ˿У֭ܿڿӣܺóԡ
ǳԵЩˣһЩ֭˳ǻߣһֹĨȥˡ
Щ
ǳǳػ̧СͽůʱҲЦƬ̡
ŽѾǰ֮ˣΪԵЩˣſĻͷЪϢüۼġ
Сʦڿͽ˵˵ŷ˺£
˵ֽ֮е˱Լϣָظݣغš
ʻǰɻģҡҡͷȻֱӽԴľѴۺϵů㡣
û𣿡
ŵǵɤٴδۿǰľһҡͷ§Żеˣô֡
ںһԼֻصǰžһĻǰûɫʡ
˵ͺ͵˰Ѫǻһ˵¿е񣬸¿ǵν
˲ϴīָҲϵıš
£ͽڣһжûµġ
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˵󣬵ϣɢů⣬ůɵñۡ
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͵͵ˣĻԹԵص˵ͷӱŻص˴ϣۿڱϵЦ§ľ˵ĻС
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˿ڵԴĻ̽˳ƼʱɵḧţָֽЩĴϣš
㾫µĴ꣬ʶԼĴǣɻĿȥɲǼĴĴݼص
Ҳʱϵůռе˼ѧԼĶԼ
Щ裬ڼζҧĴ꣬ͷһϸСۡ
ע⵽ǰ˲ûлӦԼʱۿƼ΢΢Ŀ§ľԼӸ࣬Щεؿ˵
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˵֮󣬻һȹϣͺǰһ㣬ɵһֻʳӡ
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ԣͽ㡣
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ԼĪƬֻ̣Լ˫ֱǯžʮָҲţۿȥͿ˵˫־һǰĽܣܵúֿܹ
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Ǳ춼챻мˣϵʹȴȻûмᣬʹˣǰһƬģʱιȥ
˾ôһãֱĿӦһЩһʱ㽿Լġ
𣿡
Ƕߴֻȫ¶ѹѹǰ˳Եȴеѹȣֻɤѯš
Ƽ滨ģв˶ݣֿ˵ͷЩ۵ķĶߣᴭ
еŶߴĴ§ľȻЩСḧı˵
𣿡
ǵͳĺѹ֣ľš
㶯Ȼûаѹֵøˣ̲סӺд˵͵͵ƺ
ǼǳĶУֻúʹȴʱһ˿ͷ
ԭСͽǳʱĺҪһΡ
ţЦԭλϸϸؿҧţزûЩźתλãƼ΢΢͹ĵطʱеЦˡ
Ц֮ǶҧȥŸ߾ʹΪѹֶƵǳ
Сʦ㣡
ȻҲ֪뷨ȴް취ֻҧŴ˺伴
öʧˣЩʧ䣬Ҳע⵽ʧ䣬Ƭ̣Щε˵

ȻȷʵЩ߳ܣͲסԼСʦҲֻЭˣĵͷɿ˿ڣᴭ
ЭˣȾЦȻſʼϸϸؿҧ΢΢͹λãżλûΪѹֶ¸ţÿ
͵͵ǳϵػصĶУԼҪǳֵýˣôĺ
ܿʹ˵⣬ڵļһ˺ܿǺ˴ģü˿˵Զɲˡ
ڵ˻ڲϵţǿϷһ㣬ϵǳԼ
ǵ͵͵Ҳ֪˶ãֻ֪ԼɤЩɳƣ¶˱ȫѹֵ˶ʼЩС̽š
ûеõۺΪеִ˲ƣѰԼǳλãЩɬЦ
Сʦ㻹ĥ˰
ţҲֻɻе˶
ֹ˺һЩ۵ͣ˶ۿѾѹֵˣ˵
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˵֮Цľǰһͬ١
ܿ죬ڱ㴫ԴԴϵǳǾɫϵػصš
ͷɫӱſڴϣЩܵĳš
ѾǵԼҪ˶ٻأĶѾ˶һ˿ӡûУֻ֪ˣܵؿһա
ڱͷصžǽ
֪ԼжཿЩͷĿѣµĻʧԼԺֻϵغԼ֣һա
ԭԼСͽ˺ԼСʦ⾹ȻẰԼ֣ĺ
ڵҲ˵ľϵǵڣΪһĨů⣬ԼǸӣһӵĻгл
Ҫһ˿˼Ժгһ⣬Ҳ벻κεĶˣǰǰһƬǳƲסĴ
ʱֿϵˮգǶµᣬҲʱע⵽ԼȻ۸ĳ̶ȣнȾ֮ȴֻᱻųһƬ֮У޷԰Ρ
ֱͷѾҹˣӲŴůĻнˣע⵽뿪ʱӶɵƬ̣˫ĿЩĿǰˣð춼ز
ҡۡ
Ҫ˵ǲ˵һ֣ŷ֣ԼɤӾȻѾɳƵȫɫԼһա
ԣͽȥ㵹ˮ
ɳƵ۲ѣȥˮԼСʦһů䣬ֱ屭ʱҡͷ
ȵٴλʱڱϵѾ˯ˣϲǳһĺۼḧǺۼһ˵ӡԼġ
뵽ֽ˻Уľһǳǣ˵
СʦͽģҲֻͽġ
˵ıһͬ˯ˡ
ȵڶʱͷǳǳһɾŵˡ
ʦˣҪСӡ
͵͵ɤдһ˿⣬˵֮ɾűǰͷĻӦ
ĿǳߵҲʱۣͷʾЩõ飬ڵʱ˯ʱɢˣֻů⡣
Ƽе˲ûѵļŷĵĽ˴ӻб˳˵
Сʦͽȥȥͻء
˵֮˱Ҫ´
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44 
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Ŀע£ΧϢԽˣԼ°ڵˣ΢΢һ㶡
Сʦ𣿡
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ֻûеõػһߣһ̾ͿǳЦһĻɵü
Сʦ𡤡
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ᣬ˫ͷȴ⣬˴̹ǡ
Ҫ֪𣿲ҪΪʦ
Ĵ䶯ţʱ΢΢ֱҧȥȵѪҲҧµ˲ӿ˳ѪȾЩ԰׵Ĵ֮꣬˳ž뵽½ͷ¶־
ʹлع񣬵ҧԼˣķһ˿һסĲӣۿš
˭
ˣ˲Сʦ˭
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˵ֱ֮㳶Լѣͷһǳһĺɫۼûһõλá
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˵ҲͬʱȾźģ̧±ҪȥǧΪ硣
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ҡʲôʱôˣ龹ȻʵҲһ顣
Сʦ𣿡
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ϵֻЩ꣬Լ˯ʱôôȻ콣ʦˣһѧҿô졣
УУҿɲϲϷ
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Դֻܵ󴦴ǳǳů磬ͷȴǲ
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˵ִ֮λãӰ뿿ڰϣһ˫ȾЦ⣬һ޹ģǰˡ
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λϵȥвɻ
֣
Сʦڳ˱⻹кԨԴ϶Сʦ֪ʲô
ʼ˼֮ʣߵűߵȴͣ˽ŲƬ̺תЦɤ˵
һ£ͽײϣʦ˿ҪСһЩĪҪˣʱʦڣ˶ǰˣлˡ
˵֮˱λ뿪˸
˵һ򢿴ŵųƬ̺ۡ
ֻǲűۣԺͷȴֳ˷һĻӡѹԼԼѲ˵ķ

ԼĪƬۣ֮
ߡ
һ̨̳£λϵָ
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СߣСʦСʦ
Сͽܣ
Сʦ˵˭


45 
žڣſڱ˯Ժݶɴů绺Ʈţ鴫͵͵ײ׾һ׼ӡ


ʱִ֮ǳǳغ˯ûˡ
˭˭ڽң
ЩԺڴðŻۣ˫ǰɴҲǰ춼ز

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˭
Ժе͵͵ͷţʶˣ֪Լ֡
˶ſ˺һ˹ۿͷǾ衣
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ʶ㣬ֱӲҶͷȴҵ֪˾˭֪¡
֮ʣ齱ߵȴЦһЦֵøˣֻۿ
ٽ̫ˣʦ㶼ˡ
˵űӻȡһöƣͷžµĻƣݵǰ
ڱͷͻȻݹƬ̣Ȼ˵Ŀ֮¿˹ȥͼͷдŰڵ
ʱ˵ĻôҲû뵽˾ӵʦ
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ȷҲֻ̽ԵĻš
ֻǲŸպͼ˵ͷʶʱԼʦһŵĶһЩ
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˫ˣ콣ʦ
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46 
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ãڲŽûƮȾŨصĻϢصڣЩ
ڴϵǰˣָḧīɫĳð춼ûܴӻ֮ѹ
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ѾûֱôţеҲɲǼ们īϣðҲֻܱ۳š
һǽʱۣеЦʱ̲סҲЦ
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47 
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ˣ
а⣬ѪӺӿס˴ֻ꣬һƺߣһ̾ͿѪ˳ƻ䵽˵档
һЩѪֱ󴦣Ⱦ䣬Ⱦ˫
ǵȻԵҪԼΪȫߣˮʹ֣´ʱԼѾһˡ
ţٱۡ
ȡ˵ҩҩʦһ۾Ϳվűߵˣ˫ѪȾʱ󾪣
һ̱ӭȥּݲ԰һƬ˵
ʦǶ񵤣Իסʶ
˵֮󣬴ҩƿͷȡһŵҩݵֱߣӹҩȥһ
ٴαۣڱӰΪ̧ͣȥˡ
ֹһֽԼǵѪղȥ̧ҩʦ˵
Ƴʲô
Ȼ֪ǵʲôȷǵԼСʦ뽫ԼȫаСʦڼʱ뿪Ȼǲ롣
ҩʦⷬʻ˺һȻų˵
ʦҲûСڰصڹľӦ֮ϰ֮ȫɻΪ飬ֻֻ֮һϰãǡ
˵һ룬ҩʦȴֹסˣֻΪ˵˸ᡣ
˵ʦ
ҩʦĻҲܲ³˭ָ򢿿ߣ˼š
Բ֮йʦ֮֮ʦݽ𣬺֮˳Ϊʦ
ֻʦǧǰΪ֮ˣҲѾȥĹʦһͬʧˣɴʱΪλСʦ֮ʲôϵأ
ɾʲôϵǹʦҲܻתƵСʦͷǣܲСʦռŵʦתɣתҲԲŶԡ
ǻʲôԭǿԵڹľСʦأ
ΪԼСʦʱԼ˵°ڹľⲻܻܱ˲Ŷԡ
˵ű㽫Ŀҩʦϣɻ
ǲ֪ڹľʱӽ˻ԲŻԼ˫ޣ֪ˣǰ°ڹľǾԲܽԼ˫ޣܻΪܶԼ
ǵûԼҪԼȫǾΪʲôأ
վڱϵҩʦƬ̣뵽ʲô˵
֪ʦǷǵôһ˵֮µʦԣʦ»С֮ˣֻܱܣ뾡취
ϣ
Ȼϣ
ϵĬ֣ͺͨʲôһ㣬ͷ𾪡
֮ˣǵһǸҪԼ޹ƳɵҩΪԼǾ֮ΪֻԼܱܣҲֻԼܿǾӵ
ԭԭΪ
ǿЦ
ʮԭͲǼԼѰԼԭʱʼǸ˾ҪԼɵҩԭԭ
뵽һӱ㽫ϵĲյȫɨڵأв
ҲʱĿڵλһʹ۵ʶסĿڣͬʱһһѪӿ˳˵档
ŵ̲Ѫˮֻ÷̣ΪǸ˶Լйʦͽ꣬ȴû뵽ʼնֻǽԼʳõĵҩˡ
ǿЦǿЦ

Ŀ̧ЦֻЦȴδ۵ףŸЩҡ
վڱϵҩʦһħģüҲûпѯʣʦ֮˭Ҷʡ
Ц˺һŽɢˣλϵȾŵȴԽˣƬ̺ų˵
ϰΪʲôСʦͻȻͱԭΪϣǺǣ
͵͵صָΪ˰Ρ
ʲô˫޺ʲôʦͽ꣬ǸСʦҲͨͨƭҵģƭҵģ

ŭֱ̧㽫ӻƬв˳ʹ뱯ˡ
̫ŭڵٴλңʶЩȣһ̸Ѫ
ҩʦǰҪʩȴƿˣֱӹ˵ϣ͵͵Ц
ƭҵģȫƭҵģǸƭңСʦҲƭңԭ࣡
ȾųʹĻҩʦɵĲˣû㱯ʹ˵ľ
֪ͨʲôҲ֪ͨľʶƲͷ̾
ӳֱͷɫŽʧˣҲʧлع񣬺ðصλϣ˵
Сʦϰʲô𣿡
˵ŽĿҩʦϡ
ҩʦ֪ⷬǴӷǹӾˣһȻ˵
ʦԪӤڣСӵĻǻᱻɣҲᱻ٣Ϊֻʦһˡ
ⷬòŸ˵ǰͷѾΪһЩȸѪ֪£»ֱӷħˡ
ǲ˵СҲˣⲻ̶̼վ͵˿ڣԪӤҲǼµ¡
ѰڹľҲֻǸˣƫƫ֮ԪӤԪӤ֮ǹʦӤͻֱӽǻˡ
ҲΪʲôݴ½ֻһϰõԭˡ
λϵҩʦһЦȻŵ͵͵૳
ԳңҲˣǣ
ٴδʶ̧˸䣬ҲʱͻȻͷŵԼСʦǸˣٻҩʦ
˵ʲô
лҪ˵ҪһԪӤڡ
ԪӤָ֮ȫԪɵһԼҲһСԼ
ԪӤžСͽܾΪϸߣʶͱһС
лᵽϵľСʦԪӤںӤӣͻӺͻǡ
ڸոСͽܿСʦǸܣǿ(*^^*)
ллСɰһ£ǣţ3Ũq?


48 
ǰͷĸ䣬ͷŵĲǸ˶ԼСʦ𣬻ҩʦȾɫ
˵ʲô
ʲôеԪӤںǾͻᱻɣ
СʦѾ˿ڣԪӤڻв׶ΰˣԪӤںĻǻᱻɣǣ
͵͵ԵЩŭƼɢʱ̧ȱ㽫ߵ˲Զֻ顪һ죬Ƕǽϡ
Ҫȥ䣬ҪڳɲӲȥȴͣˣصλϣԵЩǷϡ
ѾϰõڹľҪγȡǺǣѵԼȻֻܿСʦǰ
Բԡ
뵽ͷָڶۡ
֮ܹƺҲֻͬΪ֮Ķˣ仹㶫

Ҳʱ뵽һ̧վڱϵҩʦ˵
ɽǲ֮
˵֮󣬲űߣһ̷һӾͼһѷźָٷ˳ȥ
վһҩʦɽ̧ͷһ˿죬˺һŵ˵
ʦ˼֮ȥѹ˵ɽҲ꣬ȷʵ֮ֻܲѹǰɽѯŲ֪
ɽţ߾ѩǧأȷʵ
ܲѹҲ˵ɽԸԸ⡣
뵽ҩʦҲһĪչָֻܵˡ
һƬž˭Ҳû˵λϵֻŸֱ⴫˴æĽŲŻع
Ų֮󣬾ͼһϮµӿٱ˽ƼһмеʱüҲûѯʲôߵǰʱŵ˵
ôôæһȥ𣿡
ư˵ҩʦҩʦɫȥʱע⵽еƬ̡
òҪʦɡ
ţЩڨڨҪȥƼ˫Լķʱֲˡ
λϵưһ˵ģһԼ䣬˵
Ҽǵɽɼɽ
ǳǳʻưű̧ͷͷǲ졣
ʦʲôʱɽȤˣһֱƲǿ
ֻⷬɲ˵ڣһԼܾͻᱻˣҡҡͷ
ѻЩһûƹԭȥ͵Ƶģ㲻ǲϡҾȥˡ
ʼԵЩν͵ƵĲԼмЩĿһ㣬ҩʦһЩЦ
λϵһ뻰̧ȱ˹ȥЬӶûưͱȥˣưĿⶼȾɫ
Ȼͦ뽫ưȥ뵽ҪɽҲ͸ˣ̧һӱһöٽưǰ˵
սȥɽ
˵֮ȥ˸䡣
ԭصưǰöȻֿ˿վڱϵҩʦͷˮƬ̺㶵˵
ǲȥڵ˼ʦȥɽʲôǿӸȤҪȥ͵ɣȥɽҪţ鷳
˵űתͷȥҩʦƼҩʦһƵģֽĿ˸ͷ˵
ʦòǿӸʦɣ᲻Щݳˣ˵ǲǣ
˵ѯҩʦֻҩʦѾҡͷ뿪ˣɲȥӡ
ưɵվԭֹţͲֻ֪ʣһˡ
Ѿ˸ûȥͷưֹ˴齱ϣ˯Щˣֽ¶ͷֱָŻص˱ͷŸձߣǳǳص㡣
ζƽĵĽǣЩĵıۡ
Сʦͽһ꣬Բᡣ
͵͵ػĺ䴫һ̲ۣḧīɫĳһ˱һͬ˽ȥ
ԭЩԺڸܵǱ׾ˣʱǰЩããɺָܿӾͱĻУ˫ҲݶɴȾѪյ½
ѾЩѪճ񣬺ðŻع
Ѫ
ǵѪζ̧ͷԼɫЩ԰ףɵ뵽˷ŵΡ
еСͽҲԼֻǵʱȴһƬڵˮΧǱһƬֻܶСͽͷܲô䡣
СͽͷʧʱɫҲĲ԰ףʱƼʵеСͽҲЩ۵ָݣСشš
ҲʱĿϴů⣬ۣŻѾˣЦſ˵
ˣ
˵󣬽дһЩȻֲϵḧı˯
§еҡҡͷͷĵȴһ˿ҲûмٷˣΪɤɳƵ˸ЩǸ緢ܰԼЩµСͽȫͬ
ָ֮ⲻϵḧ԰׵գĻУĿڴ
ôˣج𣿡
ǳǳЦĻ̧ͷ§ľԼԴ򢴦
ǲˣ𣿡
뵽ˣ򢴦̧ͷüҪȥơ
ж˫־ͱסˣһֱ§һЩ͵͵ػﴫˡ
ûˣǲͽѪͽͽˡ
£ߴ̧ʱƼ£ı¶ʱʶȥˡ
ǹůµԽˣɵ̧ȥֻīɫĳɢڴ齱ϣǰıڣֻϸֱȴɼ
Ҳʱע⵽ֱͷҪһϸϸץۣƬ̣ɫΪЩץµġ
εҪ֮ʣڴϵȴǵͷָ⸧ݣǳǳЦˡ
Щ㶵Ц˫ȴǿڴԼӵ˳
Сʦʲôأɫ
ȾЦˣˣһ̻æƿַ˸
ûУʲôû룬Ҿû£㲻Ҫ룡
֧֧ˣ˵㱻ŵˣ֪Լ˵Щʲô
ʲôû£˵ĶЩʲô
Ŵ齱ϵ¯в˲ͷǻŵһ˽§еʱûл
ִ˴ЦĶƬ̡
СʦͽǲǺܶģ
ǻȾЦ⣬ȴһ˿ΣЩ⣬֪ԼСͽΪʲô˵Щ
ҲǶĵģϾͽǿСʦͽŮӻãƫƫͽӣСʦһİɡ
ͷˮ֮ʺͷִαʹҲʱ࣬ʹʶ㿪ʼ
ҲֻһͣˣΪܵڲٷƼ˫Ⱦźµ˫ʱˡ
ں£ںʲôȴһҲ֪ˡ
ôˣ
֪ô죬ֻ§סıѧǰԼĶĸţֱеû˲ͣ˶
Ѿ밲ο䣬һȴĻ˶סˡ
СʦͽŮӸöð
Ůӣ
ΪʲôСͽ뵱Ůӣ
ͻȻЩԼСͽˣʶָݣϸϸظţðɻس˵
СͽǱ˭۸ô˵Щ뻰
˵֮Żе˳ɵöûڣ̾§˻кš
Ҳʱע⵽ӱͺƴӺȪͷһһ˿ûС
ôô
뵽§һЩҪԼůȥůɺð֮еȴȻǱ䡣
Сʦ𡣡
ҲʱдǳǳһԼֱһЩҪȫǶ뵽ǰ˵ͷһ㡣
ѹЩƼ԰׵ʱûڼš
ֹ˺һע⵽еѾˣ̧򢣬˵
һ ۣÿҲۣǲġ
˵֮ЦſĻУеůۡ
ڱϵǾ䲻ģȾ˾ɺܿûԼǹӾ֡
ʵҲƭҵİɣ֪ƭҵģΪʲôȻĸˣȻҪЩ档
СʦҸô죬ͽô졣
֪֪ԼСʦһ뵽СʦӭԼȴԼЩҪȫռС
Ҳʱ̧ͷԼָ⣬ŲָϵīƬ̺Žģͺһľһ㡣
ֻҪСʦԶ߾ͺãԶԼ߾ͺá
뵽㽫˴ӻб˳Ŀ֮򢿿Լȵĵӿеɲ ֻúůĺů
ھ֮ɿ˻еˣϵشЦŽ˱ŷѹ˴ϣ򢣬ͷһǳһĺۼ
ڱֵЩ־΢ѹԼǰˣԺ˫΢ĴʱʶҲЦ
Сͽָˡ
ǳЦָ̧֮ľظţתůӣͷԼľºۼ
˽һʱЩܵüðſĶ˵
Сͽ˵Ķģҡᡣ
͵͵ػֻ˵һ룬ͱϢˣüҴ˾⣬˫ҲȾ룬Ǳֺˡ
֮еĶ˻һԴľѴ˯˹ȥ
§ŵҲӻ֮˹ֻԼЩʲôأͲѴһȥʱͼԼĻа˯ţ߸Ǵǳǳغʶˡ
ʲô˼ǲͷˣ̾ͲҪ
뵽ЩõգƼžµϲƣʶиȾһ˿ۡ
Ȼ֪Լ˯ʱ׷ʲôǴ½ϵѪԼǲ԰׵ҲԼ³ˡ
֪ˣֽ§˻У򢴦һǳǣŵ˵
˯ɡ
˵֮࣬š
лҪ˵ǳʴʱ䣬뵽ļαǱСʦ
СߣСʦƭСͽĻĲأСͽΣٺ٣Ц(*^^*)
Сʦ˵ʲô˵һ顣
СߣСͽΣ
СʦźЩ˵ʲô
Сߣˣȥȥ
ϵֱֳСͽ
Сʦͽ۸ңҴ
Сߣݣ
̫ʲôֱжϡ


49 
˯֮һֱ˺ҹҲΪʵǰȥˣۿĻͷ˯˹ȥһҲǰȻĵ˵ڶ
Сʦ𡣡
˯еһغܺһЦ⣬Ķбøöˡ
Ϊû˯ѣʹڴʱҲֻЩּ֣Ҫ˵˵͸
ҲʱʧˣŰĵؼ˯ָ⴫ճЩܵüҪָջɲ֪ǱҧŻǱקţҲǰջز
һע⵽ղˣҲͣ˶ճȴвϵָơ
Сʦ𡣡
һԼָڿջˣɰıǺյš
͵͵ЦҲ֮һʲô˿ڣȵĶϵؾҪȫ̳һ㡣
ҪܣϾĶȴǽȫ̳ԡ
Ҳ׷ϷۣΪʱƼĶҲһƬģԼܹԼϿһˡ
Ҳ֪ΪĿעŻΪʲôԭĶԽǿңüؽҧˡ
ˣҲԽˣƬ̺Ѿܹǰ˭ˣԭСͽ
ֻһô黹ǰˣҪ˸ƿָ⻹δͱѹ˴ϣ㱻ָۡ
õɵɲǼ䣬ſڲϵشŸΪĴϵš
ԭΪϵ˵Ҳǽˣϸȴ򢴦ȵĴʶͷǰͷǳǳغۼ
Ƭ̺ǳǲʧˣѹϵŻѾججˣɢձߵīձһǳǣŷŹ
ˣˡ
ϴⷬҲⳡ֮˹̧ʱĿ˻ѹϵˣš
ͶֶţڶûУˡ
˵תͷֻȴƼԼ۵֣üȾһ˿Ц⣬ҲֻƬǹЦʧˡ
ǣͽȥڣȻСʦսһ
ȾЦĻˣĿ˵ָ˻ﴽǳЦţٴαš
ʲôдսֲʲô飬ǽӸǶѣ˵˵
ֻͷţǱֵЩĴȴǳǳҲǺÿ
ҲʱǰִһӾͱīɫĳɢ˴ϡ
ͽҪȥɽһˣСʦԹٽͽ֪𣿡
Ҫ뿪ٽĻɵЩʧ䣬ʱҲȫʧ䣬Ƶƭˡ
ҪȥҲȥ𣿡
ٽ˼ˣϻڰҿϷȥôһغûٳȥʱ֪ҪžҲЩҪٽȥơ
ĻӦҲȥɽ£ֻҲͦȥɽƣͷǲѩ˵סϷûѩҲѩ
뵽Ŀⶼڴ
Ŀ̫ѵűʶüװһΪѵģĶˡ
СʦԸգͽˣͽԿǿǴСʦһȥ
˵Ц
ЦȴסˣڵȷӦʱɫע⵽ԼĽţʶ˹ȥֱĿڣȻ˵
գ㻹ԼȥɣҾôٽͷҲͦá
գգ㵱ǳʲôҩ
˵ˣ㿸סһסΪ˳ȥ汻ָգˣٽ˯һЩ
ţӴȥ˯ȴƼĿںʲôͻȻˣԼֱӾĿڣĪĿڡ
ҲĿڣЩˣȥ
Сͽôˣǲ˵ĵطˣ
ڿ֮ǳǳƺ֪Լ˵ĵطˣŵĳĴҪȥѰҩʦ
ȵȣȥѰҩʦȥѰ
֮£ҪȥѰˣ˫ڵʱЬӶûü
̧Ҫ뿪ʱȴˤ˱ͷһ˫򱻰ůůУһ̱Ƽɫ԰׵ѹ
СʦڲЬӾ͵ܣͽھͰ㡣
͵͵صŭǰѾŭ⵽˼㣬ȴȻеŭⶼѹ˺䡣
Ҳʱע⵽ԼûдЬӣһСͻһⲻЬӾ͵ȷʵԡ
֪Լ£ҲǵԼСͽʱֱ˵ţЩίĵȻ˵
ֻǵ㣬Բ𡣡
͵͵صǸĿдǰһ̾Ϣ̧ʱƼе֪ˣǱЦ
Сʦôͽô죬Ϊ˲СʦٽԼͽǾСʦȥɽ˳ȥطƣΣ
˵㽫˱˴ϣ֮ЬŴ˳˸䡣
ȳ˵úͷʣڱϵˣȻ˵
ȥɽʲô
Ȼ֪ҪȥɽȥʲôȴһҲ֪ˣҲûᵽȥɽ
ȥѩ
ܿõ˻ظֻǻظôŶôܣʶü
ѩ
ƭСɡ
˵ȥѩһٶʮӶţһ콣ʦôܻĵȥɽѩš
ֻԽǲ˵ԽǺ棬һ·һֱ˸Լ
֣ϵȴҲֻЦ仰ûлأյֱӾıϣյ˵
ΪʲôܸңǲҶȥɽȻɱʬǲǣǲǣ
뵽Щʲôѩʬֻ˶ˣǱѩصľһ¶۵ҪҪڱһ²۵ȥѽ
̫ˣôǶйϵˣⷭȥسôˣôĶ֡
˵ıϲͣţȻȫɽԼȥģô͸Ҫɱˡ
ָͣ٬üͷɻСʦôôϷһЩ˵˵Ļ뻰
ֻЩѹ˺ͷɲҿڣȻ治֪һʬʲôˣҲֻ̾š
Ƭ֮˺һԼ˰ûԼֻЩȤҲֻܱſļͷ΢
˵ˣһϡߣ
ĶУһ̱е͵͵Ц״־סգֱĺһ֡
ֻ֮˵
ɽưţҪȥ͵ǵͽһͬȥͽȥƣСʦҲһͬơ
һƬ̣ôҲû뵽Լ߸ϵСͽȻҲ͵ͷ͵û˼ҵ
Բԣⲻưȥ͵СͽֻȥƣԭưȺãģһСӵģôֽ㲻ɾȻǾ˲òడ
ǿɽ֪ʲôӰΪʲôҲô˷ܰ
õĺõģȥƣư͵ģ˵˾Ͱȥ
˵֮洽͵͵ЦЦ
ԼĪƬ֮˱ٽţͷһůΣƽЩͬԵҪһЩ
˿ܣûŵİҲͷһŰᶫ̴ǣﻹһŰ
һƼܣЩ˵ش̧ȥ˰ܵࡣ
̣Ҳȥɽ𣿡
ע⵽ܵĿҲ˹ȥһ̴ڰһӰҲ֪ҪȥĶ
վڱϵİᵽ˵ζ˹ȥƼŰᶫ̴ӳʶͽĿ˲Զվŵϡ
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ֻȻ̴ӣֱĶͷ˼ȫ˻Ŷͷģ˵
ͼɣһҪǱʦץ۸ҿɾȲ㡣
˵ֻ֮ĿⲢû˵ϣǹӺ⻹
ڱЩزȵԼСͽȻˣǲ֤᲻ַ񾭣æ̴ԶһЩ
ô˵̴ҲеģԼҲͿˣܻܲ˼ҷʲôɡ
Щ治˵ҪǱȥָһᷢʲôֻ֣Ĳ̴ӶԼˡ
ֻ뿴ʲôѡ
˵һӣ㽫Ŀ˻˰ܣͷһŰֱȡ˹ҧš
ҲʱԼҹ̾ȻڽıĿضǿγˮһ㣬ҧŰڱ֮以࿴ţðſ˵
ôÿ𣿡
˵֮ڰܵǰ˻ӣһ־ͱȥˣܵĿȴȻڱϡ
ֱºҲĿ˱ϣⲻû֣ȷʵͦÿǰôûз֡
ûͦÿ
ʶпţֻһע⵽Ŀ˳ճյĿ⣬ɵþ뵽ҽԺͷС㣬ǾرϲһЩǵ飬ЩҲǸƯ¡
ڽЩʱ۶ˣǺڵİЩƣȻƯСӵעⰡ
֣Ҳ󰡣Ϊʲôûң֡
лҪ˵СʦΪʲôеҲУѵܷʲôеܷʲô
Сͽ
ȻСʦͱСͽȥٽϵСݶˣЬඪһء
СͽСʦھеܷʲô
Сʦ𣺵ҲһֱǸֱ߸Ƽô죡
СͽվͰˣӦöܳQԣû˻Ƽ
ڲϵСߣ


50 
Ҳ󰡣ôûôأѵֻҾò˶ó
Լǳ־ͲϵԼգֱͷȾ˺ζûͣ
ע⵽űİܣø첲ײײֱܵ۽תƵԼϣɻ˫Ц˵
ҳúÿôҵģ
˵֮գգۡ
վǰͷİһĻ־סգҲʱŷȻ⻬ʶָĴС
ֻǶЩˣ۵üֱ̧㽫ԼմӰָܵ˳ű˵ĵطԹ
ÿͲÿһ˾͸ÿˣǾ͸ûСˡ
յλúۣҲԼ֪ԼӦĲÿˣȻҲᱻôţʶ̾һ
̾УƼֹֻΪҪԼ˸æҪתֻһ̱ƼָܵԼļͷ˼£˵
СʦӦвŮӻģȻвŮӻģһ˻İ
֮㱻קת˵ĿҲһͬվ̨µϡ
Ҳ֪ⷬ˰˵Ǹ˭ˣͼվڸ̨֮£īɫĳůɢǳ΢⣬ɫķů֮ζţָ⻹һѰȣž޾ס
ԭ˵ԼСͽ
Сͽ͵͵ȥԺΪʲôԽÿˣ
ţʶ㿿ϣһ˫ضվů֮µ
Ŀ̫¶ǣվһߵİ洽Цֹסľյ࣬˵
ÿɣÿϰʱ򱻱㻹ֻ۰Ͱ͵˼ҡ̽һУڹȥȥϣѣЬ࣬ι˻ˡ
͵͵ػȾЦĶϣһϵϣιԼռķںðûлع
Ҳʱע⵽վů֮µ˳ԼһһԽԽѾܹᵽɢů㣬㣬ܺš
Сʦʲôأˡ
ѾߵǰųˣЦֽī۵˶͵͵ѯš
ɫǵڶûлһɵɵǰˣǰͷ˵ʲôҲûκ˼ı˻
ϵϣȻι
ֻ⻰ں˲ˣôҲû뵽ԼȻὫͷĻ˵˳Ǹ͵ģԼɵˣ̧ȱͷһЩ
ǲǣ˵Ĳ㣬ǡ̡
ȵĿ⿴ֻ࣬ĶаܵӰ̧ȥŷѾܵıȥˡ
ֿԼ֣һԴͱ˻ȥֻ̽ͷ˫еֻɼһ¾֪ЩǺԼġ
ԼȻˣڿĻǰ˵һ顣
Ǳ
뵽Լˣֻͷһ꣬ҽĿϡ
ҲʱȾˣֻ˵
ͽСʦ뽫˭ϵϣ
һæͽĿŻصϣһ̱Ƽ˫ķʱʶԼ˵һЩ뻰æͿʼҡͷ
ûûУ˭ҲûС
ûУСʦ𷽲˵ʲô
ȾЦĻһƼǰ˷ԼԽݣЩŵƲͷ˹ȥ
ֻԴȻȥˣھϢȴʶҪƿֲŸ̧ͱסĿ±ŷĿڡ

͵͵Ӧٴδˣָָܵ´ů֪ǲ˵˿߲ˣֻǻȴζ˵ڶ飬ֻܽҧŴ겻Ըڡ
˵
ŻнҧŴ겻ԸڵˣеԽˡ
Ҫ֪Ҫ˭ϴ齣Ҫ֪ĸĸԸĳлǿȵķʽԸŻеˡ
һ󽩳֮£ḧʣһ̷ԼĻпһЩ֮ľԽӿˣů㻷˵ܣǺš
ȵ˵ůǽֵЩججðѰԼ˼
Ѱ˼кãůǼһ㣬ֻҪһЩֻ΢ſڲϵش
㣬ι㡤
ǵȥǰ˵ů⣬˵˿ڡ
һιĶȴǼ䶯Ƭ̺͵͵Ц
ſңվˡ
ջűѾЩ־ˣߴǳЦǽе˼ȫ뵽ˮ֮У޷ˮӳȥ
룬ǱϰˣֻǼ򵥵һ仰һЦ뵽ԼѹʱģʱҲԼԼ򶼷ֲˣֻϵȡ
§˵ѾһģЦŽдһЩָḧīɫĳĶҧĶһŵ͵͵ؿ˵
ԭιͽȻߣ
˵֮ĶҧƬֱ̣е˴˵͵͵ǳͣ˶
𡤡
ͣ¶Ŀ֮ССľһ㣬ʶȥеȫѹص˺䡣
˫ҲΪĴȾ˶˵ˮֻۣҪһͻ£ÿ
ϿҧҪĻ룬ӱֻ̧ܱͷǰ˴Ļ䣬ָק½ֱͷһ嶼ûͣ¡

һ֧֮䣬Ҫ˵ɻδ˵ͱĿУǿҵĿҧüʶ㿪ʼƾܡ
ֻǰ˾ͺƾʯһ㣬ƶƶһ֣ǽˣЩѵıѹǿƳܡ
Ҳʱ˶е͵͵ЦǿнԼѾڱ˼ȫ˻۳Դȥ
Ȼ㷢ֲԶˣ̴ŮȻæµȴҲʵʵھֳ
Ƽ˶ڱϵİܣŴԼҲµЦġ
ʱע⵽ԼͲٽ⣬Ȼڴ֮ͥСͽЩ顣
뵽ɫڻӦǳǵĶҲͣʼϵ
ˣˣ
ǳǳػĴ֮䴫Ǿȣֲǰ֣ת˸㵽ıϣ˫ק½ɫѪɫһƬ
ʲô
֮£ͲԼȻô˵ǰСͽǡ
ƿ̧һ۱һָ̱ٽܵԴת˻ȥֽ˸ˡ
ע⵽µѾˣŵȥԼˡ
ģûƼһΣ
˵ţ§ľдһЩ
еæҡҡͷǲɲ㡣
̫ˣô˿ԼСͽǣǣǣ
ֻԼڸضûƼҲû˻ע⵽ŵˣ̫ˡ
һҪҪڶʱȴűҲӵϣ˫ʶ§ľ
ʲô
òҪҰ/սɣҰ
뵽ԭЩݴʱȴɷһƬøæǺܿͱѹ˻޷
ԼţֻԼͷˣ֪ԼᱻϵĸСĸݴͷ
ֻں˼֮ʣһȴΣǰĽ˹
ûС֣ûвݴԣ
ҪҰ/ս𣿡
ͷɻؿ˿ڡ
⻰˵ŵˣʶæԼ죬һ˫Ǳɵüͷ𾪡
˵ʲô˵ʲô
ܿͿﴽЦע⵽Լ˵ˣһ˵һڴģˡ
Сʦ룬ͽǲţǵʱĶţͽɾû취ˡ
˵ЦȻֽ§˻УָḧȾˮ۵ķЦøˡ
ҪҪҺ˵˵ģ㲻Ҫѧ
ŶߵЦæͿڽţֻܾԼԽͱԽͿ˵ˡ
ֹһ˱뿪ٽ󣬵ʵɲǣӿ˽нķ˿ɢһЩ졣
ֻڷԼ˵˵֮Уӱı϶ûзӦ
ӦʱƼԼֱ˻Уָţע⵽ڰԼǵˮۡ
ֻһջȥָȾ˿ֿ֮ͷ˿һһȥֻԼĿڵλþ̵
ҲͬʱԼԼһЩعʱֻԼǣͷˮҲһһȥˡ
СʦзӦˡ
ǳǳЦˣⷬõɴۣʱв𾪣һ̿תôһͷȥǳЦˡ
ҾȻֻǿžзӦˣѵʲô̫ʢ
ģģǰͷûйܴ˾ͱֻµˣһӵ⣬Բҵ⣬Բǡ
ͷϵذοԼӵķӦȴҲԽӵغʱըһ㡣
Ҳͬʱע⵽˴ӺͷסԼȵϢĶߣӵķӦǿˣҶ
СʦҪͽæ𣿡
ȾЦӾߴԼʵֿʼƶסһ̲˿ԼͷˣеЦʱæҡҡͷ
ҪòãҲϲ
ϲԼʱģϲԼİģϲԼ/ȿƵģһѿ
뵽ԼģȥûܵҲԸֻ֣ҧŴ꿿ձᴭ
á
Ƭ̺Ӧˣɿֱۣŷӽǹɼ¶ѹȥ
ڴʱϣķ綼⣬ۣϮ罫ϵһһɢˡ
ٴʱͷǹͷѾɢˣֻǱϢȫϵů㣬Щֻιȥ
æԼҵ˼˻Ҳʱע⵽ԼĻУԴھͷ
ڻ𣿡
ǳǳѯˣ̧ǰˣȾŵǣʶЦҡҡͷ
ˡ
˵ֵͷϣҲʱƼͷеļˣнֳ˲졣
ԭа
Ļ˳ȥȻſϣǷ֮ļˣͷ˷ܡ
˷֮»ˣԼʶѯ˵
Ҳ𣿡
Ļ֮дڴһﴽЦ
лҪ˵ûС糡ˣΪСһڲţo(ini)o


51 
һˣеЦ⣬Ȼ˵
ͽҲ𣿡
˵֮һ˫ţͷڴǵɵЦ
ЦգЩЦʲôֽܿĿͷļϣΪģĽ
Ҳʱע⵽Լӱ˴Ӻͷ˹ȥͷλóһЩһ̱ˣֻ˵
ͽȻᣬô𣿡
˵ַ֮ظţӴů⡣
ҲȥԣҲᡣ
ĻдڴűͷҲ֪ʲô˺һ̧ͷȾЦ⡣
ֽ֮е˱һЩʵֻƶĸָͷѹţżҲ֪Ҫʲô
ã§ŵΪῪ˵ҲӦˣ˳ֻ˵
СʦͽȻԸţֻͽͻȻˣôأ
͵͵ػǰͷǷ̧ͷͷǹ⣬ֻͷЩʱеǹʧˣ֪ǹģԼָƿˣϣŲԸȥ
ֻԸȴִע⵽Լϵʱתͷ˫־ǰԼһôܲ̽ԼĿС
еҪӿⱻžӶűĻУյҪһš
ɺܿԼĿڵֻ˲ϵԼĿ̽
Сʦͽһأͽܾˡ
ҲʱȾЦĻĶߴҲⷬ˼ȫ˻ЩŭĴĻ˳ӵϡ
ڻʱƼָ˿£Ƭ̼֪ʲôˣŵøæвĭȫȥȻſ˵
ס
Բףֻ֪Ҫһ׾ֻᷢʲô飬ʱ˵˿ζ²ˡ
ԾԲܽӴԲܡ
Ŷǻźء
˵ȡ˽ָϵˮһһȥ֮ӿ˱ϣȻȡϵĲԼһů裬ڴţҲûһˡ
һԹҲԼˣŷһЩֻ˫ȴһֱͷ
ͷļˣʶӰţͷĽ
԰ĺ֪ǸʲôζĽˡ
ΪʲôԼĴͱ˵Ĳһ˼ҶǰϻֱţԼ˾ʲôˣǴΪʲôô
뵽Щܵ̾һ
ҲʱƼܷˣʶ̽ȥڴűϵİܡ
̣£Ҳ
ӭеİܣֱסѣֻϣܴԼȥһ
һƼܳͷŬŬ죬Ŀ⣬ԼҲ֪ʲô˼ˡ
һҲʾǲ֪һᷢʲô
ԣʦģȥͺˡ
ŰοĻŰܵĿֻͷȥˣһŽĿŻص˰ܵϣͷҲֻܽ˻ȥֻܿŰ뿪
ֱǰͷѾûӰţòŽ˻ЩʧĿϡ
žֻ紵ɴµҲʱĿϣӣһԵõģͷ˺һ
ڲٺͽڲ٣ۡ
ͷ̾һıϣʱĿڽͷľôλεӳǰһ۾Ƽͷмǳǳץۡ
ͷץµץۣɫ
ǽӸֲûй
ԼѣתͷԼٴ̾
ôˣ
̾ʱǰǵ͵͵ѯ̲ס뽫˰ˮͷˡ
ˣһҲٿ⣬Ǳڣɷ죬νˡ
뵽㸩˹ȥָشľտԼȥů㻷ܣ˽زš
ݼıӶţѧԼĶһͬࡣ
Ҳʱӱſת˸ľ֮ʶۣʱŷԼȻſϡ
ǵóѵĿʱ֪Լִ壬ȻͷһŭȴҲûпֻΪǰǿ١
ůϮɢīɫķҲīһͬů֮зš
ʱĻпһЩܹĸܵǰ˴üҴΪȾһ˿飬Щܵر̧ͷ
ⱻҧʱüۣǰ˫ȾЦķʱľһͬࡣ
ְֱ֮һأſűůĻС
ͷˮۣɿĿȴ⡣
̬Ҿ֪Իᷢʲô̬
ĲͷԸȥϵˣȻһߡ

Żǵ͵͵ḧµ򢣬˴ӻ˳ϲǳһĺۼЦ
ÿ
Щۼһµģġ
뵽еЦˡ
Цյһ̽ԼƵĴߣָϲĺۼĴǣ߲˵
ģ
ÿζҳԣԼԡ
ͷĺۼкǸˣֻһȴ§ű˹ȥҲǹϢŽе˼˻в𾪣Ȼû뵽ͻȻǹ
ޡ
ȵ뿪ʱĻвϵزԼĴꡣ
㡤ôԸң
һŭĳ
ͽΪСʦϲǲǺܺóԣ
˵󻹺ĵĽǵĺۼȥˣյߺߵתͷ
ô˺һĻУκԸ⿪˵ȻǱֺˡ
˵״ҲֻЦЦȻĶ˵
ˣˣͽʹ
˵㿪ʼѶˡ
Ҳʱڴһ˿ϢĿ֮ܽ˱˪ֿĴһ⣬֮¾ͼһѵˮǰ
ƵĽͷǶŽ˿ϵһ侫µˮѩɫĽžҲľ
ɢźˮͷ˲죬ע⵽Լ»ǵһμνҰεĻˮ
ǡˮ
ȻܸоͷܵǰѾҲȷֻܳѯʡ
ѯֿ֮ͷȷڶˮû뵽ԼȻҲƼһա
ϲֱ֮ҪȥָŸͲһɺ⣬֣ǿѾ̲סҪȥ
ˮˮ
ƯԼֱߵˮǾϲòˣҲʱƼˮɳƲ֮УĿҲˮһͬƲ֮Увϲá
ڱϵˣתԼȻЦų˵
ϲòã
˵֮Ĵǣе˼ȫ˻
˵ģ
ҪԼˮ˼
ֽ½شԼƬ̺ͷ˵زû
ȥ
˵ͷɳΣֻĽż̤˽֮ϣ̤п˶ˮűĿ
ڽϵɲǼ䣬˵ѽӰЩӰĶͺڻһ㡣
ҲʱϮܵ紵ɢԼīԼѶ죬ʶȥֻӭԼڷɡ
ҡУ
û뵽ԼһϷɣһǵӾЩУ˷ܵЩѰˣͷǲ˼춼ѹ
ҾȻУҾȻУ
ͷϵǷǼ
Ż˵ģɵҲЦôû뵽ԼСʦȻϲû뵽
һƼһҪڽȴֲҵģЦŽ˷ȥš
ͻȻڽϲŵһ¾û˷ŵļЩµקסѣŽżһҲҽڽϣһȶˡ
᲻ϣҲҲȣô죬ô죬ô죡
µıĻ˫ֽק½˫Ǿ֡
ֵ֮ȥ£û֮µĸ߿գŵÿٽĿ˻
ܿܿ
ɲٿˣԼһо͸ˤȥǿҪˤˡ
£ͽţȥģԣ
µʼʱ򣬶ߴǳǳذһͽŽ˼ȫ˻̧ȾЦĿʱһ
СͽҲˣĲҰ
ǲҽɿֻקѲһһ㰲ο
ҲʱĶٴδ˵͵͵Ц̧ʱͿЦһ۾ͿȡЦԼյҪ̧ȥ
һ뵽Լϵĸ߿գҶǱȥͷ
Сʦ𷽲ŻҪôˣ
ȡЦִˣֻԼҪˣȥ֣ΪĽŶڶˣҪˮ᲻ᱻˡ
ҪѹԼеĿ־壬ȾֻĻд
£ͽСʦɡ
£ע⵽ȵϢҪȥʱӾͱ§űů㻷ܣůֻԼǵĶƽˡ
ҲͬʱԼһбһˮ˿ٳǰͷȥ
Ļͷĺȷʵˣˮбʱûж຦£Щ˷ܵתͷȥӭ
ٶ֮죬ѾȫˣͷȫǼ
ˮƲɲǼ䣬˱Ʋڵ⣬Ǵ۵⣬ʶס˫
ΪԼʱˮȴ˷ֱӴ˳ŵȥȫǾҵķǲǰɹг

Ⱦ˷ܵĽǰһƬɽʯּ䣬ּĲ춼ز
ˮֱĳŵȥԽӽӽ־§סľٱۣһᱻˤˮڳ֮ʱٲɽʯּ䡣
ûʹۣʱŷԼ֮Уûײڵ棬͵͵һ
ˡ
֮ԼظҲʱˮٷɹּһƬ
ʼһֱע⵽ŵģʱЦ۽ǣȻָ򢣬˵
ˣ
˵Ĵδĸˣǰȥʱûô˹ĺϲ
֪ʲô½㼤غ
ûûУڷɿɿ㣬壡
˵ָ֣֮ǰͷһҪٵĶЦ
Ц֮§һӦһá
һˮ˿ٷɹּ䣬ǰͷɽʯͱȥ
ֻҪСʦҪģͽʲô
лҪ˵С糡
ܾúܾǰٽɽסһֻ۰ëСӣÿ춼ܳٽɽŬŬ
һΣҲ֪Ϊ̫ǳʲôԭһֻͷ
Сӣˣ޹ͷˡ
ŷҪӵʱϵٽɽһ۾ƼֻӾֻĭ
֪˺òóԡ
Сӿ̵Ŀŵһ̾굽Ӷȥˣ״ȥһѾͽѾ굽ӶӸק˳
ŲСִ˴Դӣоĺܿɰ
ţʱڳԡ
Сӣҳ㶼Ҫԣ
Сӵβ;ͻ๬СͷһٹţɻͷʱȴƼСӶڴ£Цžſ˵ϿСӡ
СӹԹԣñСģ
ڴµСӿſڵϵŵͷһЩͮͮ˫ͷǾ֡
Сӣб̬б̬
ôǱ̬أܲܳԣòóԣԹԳ
-----------------------------


52 
ˮ˷ɽʯͱ֮䣬ͱ֮һĺˮԽʱһƬӨ͸Ĳˣˮ뿪˲˱˪źǾޡ
ͷʱͿǱɱĲһ졣
ԴЧ
Сͽߵ׶ӰԴЧ
Щ˽ʧˣŽĿ˻ȥ
˷֮ɫҲиŴϵ磬ʶۣˬ
ֻű۾ͲԼʵˣҲ§ͷһЩȫ뵽ͷ
ǰīЩɻزͷͷЦʱҲЦЦ
ôˣ
֪ԼСͽôˣָ̧ݣϸϸǾµ򢣬ܺÿ
һ̣ƼԼֱŷ˴ߣǳǳϸͷġ
ͽСʦ𣬺룬롣
ǳǳػĿд֮ҧָ⣬ͷϸϸۣ֮ҧֱ䶼ͣ˶
ֻΪҪŹԼˣע⵽Լ򢱻סˣҲʶ̧ͷӭ
һʹʱ֪ʲô
ƶһ֮㿿ĻͷǾĺۼ
Ƭ֮־ϵĴʹûʧԽԽ࣬յסīǲõس˵
ˣһĲܼˡ
˵֮ת˸ӱס˳㻹ԼĲӸ
Ҳ֪ǶѾһƬ˶ˡ
ֻЦЦָظĺ󾱣Цſ˵
Сʦ˭
£˻д֪ԼҲͲټˡ
ϷƬ̣ΪŵĺЩجج
˫§ľԼͷҪ˯һ
ֻǣϾڽͷ˯Ҳ˯һûע͵ȥˣǳ滹ǲ롣
̧ͷָϣԻĿȻ˵
ǻκòãҺ
˵Ļһſţһģ
ЦЦḧıţƬ̺Ż˻֡
ڲԶļһ״ӭ֮ͣıϣ˵
ʦؽǻһЩ룬տǵˣѾǰȥѰЪϢ֮
һ˵󣬵ƬƼͷŷ뿪
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סĵطҪ˯
˵㽫Ŀ˽£ŽһƬ֣ԼҲµһЩ
Ȼ˯ͽĻôСʦ˯ڱ˵Ļ𣿡
Цŵ˵š
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֡
ôҧҵֲ֣ܳԣֽ컹滺СͽҧŲö
뵽챻ְŰ滺ԼȻѾøɾˣܹǻûϴ˵ͷźۼ
ûϴǱСͽɾˡ
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ûˣ§ɽʯ֮Уʱֻдһͳ졣
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ʱ⴦ĽҰģҪ·߶ҲͻЩ޵¾Ʋˡ
һ뵽ЩЩŵĽƣǽԼȫͷֻܰһЩ
ģ̫СǰͷİҲע⵽ˣǸСģ͵͵ЦЦЦ֮Ҳ֪ʲôһ̱ʧԭء
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ϵʯľܶ࣬Ϊͷڼζ㱻ЩľˤΪһֱקÿ˵ϡ
ôڱϵòͣ˲ӣȻü
ҲͻȻͣ˽ŲںͷһʱֱӱײĻУԴײˡ
ԴĻ˳˵
ôˣ
˵֮ƼĿ⣬ֻΪƼʲôֵĶŵĴ鿴š
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ȻַһֱԼֻΪԼʲôŵӶӲ϶˾ţ˵ɤһ˿
ҡжҰҵСš
߶µ˵ҪͷȥһҲңֻܽק°ڡ
ⷬʶüƼļͷһƬҶ׼ȡߡ
жͼһ󾪻֮¾˽ԼĻУӸǲƵһ졣
֮ЩεıŻеḧӣοš
СʦôˣһƬҶҲų
֪Ǳʲôˣ̧㳯ţܳһЩľʲôûˣҲһԻ
ԼĻŵþʧ§ӣһ˫ǽţô
ֺ֮ºͷĶԼŵЩ״εؿ˵
ңңҲóԣҪԾͳСͽģϸƤһ㣬
ֹ˵һƣͲ֪Լ˵ʲô˵ҲûﲻԣǲóԣСͽóԡ
ڱ§ŵŻ˵Ļнů⣬һ̵͵͵رЦ
ŶԭСʦͽϸƤ⻹㰡
ȻǱȡõˣϲů⣬ĶҲԽˣ˺һŵ˵
ʲôûУСʦں˼ʲôأ
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û𣿡
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Ҫ֮ζȥ첽ǰͷȥҲͷ
ŵǰͷˣ𷽲ŵǾ仰ů⡣
ԭСʦ㿹ܲ鰡»ؿԡ
뵽ḧԼĴ꣬ͷˮۣɵñЦ
ͷƬ̣ɲûƼˡ
ȻûѰǰͷȴע⵽˼žͷֵĲ
תͷʱԹԵĸСؿܣһ˵ıϣ˵
Сͽûʲôֵ綯׽ͷǱ˺
˵ܣžɽͷûУЩ£ú󱳶쬵ġ
Ļգգֲۣ˲ԶǶһֻڿʳŶʬ壬ֲѪˮȾߵë
ܿ죬ջĿЦ˵
ûС
ûаûоͺãûоͺá
ԼظЩһЩ
Ȼǰ˼ɽּ䴫˿֦ȶϵÿͣ˽Ųȥʱв˾֡
лҪ˵СӵС糡С߰ĳСƪˣڸڰš
ƪǡ˾ӡ
ϲСɰơ
İ飺
˵ĵһֻͷĳӣҲ˻ֵ֣ܰ϶ץۡ
еĵ˶ΪΪ棬ֻֻ֪Ϊ˳ԣ˳Ե
ÿҪСӵʲôʱܳԡ
ץβ͵Сӷţֻʹ˰쾢ҲûܴͷӳȥֻԴ
ͷҶ㻹ҪԣǷ
СӵﻰڴЦЦȻ˵ժͷܳ
ڴʱǰͷڷ׵СͷڵԼûнԵڻԼˡ


53 
ɫѾȫ֮иɭ¡
һϮֻú쬵ģʱ͸ںͷŷĵһ
Ųţô˵ͽҲ콣ʦһҰӦҲǲʦģֺҰޣͽ򲻹˼ңǽ첻ǽ
ţеľֱԽˣƵһЩĴбϵ
ʱλôһϸ΢ȥʱֻһĨӰԹͣ˽Ųŷŵλá
㿴㿴𣿸ոǲʲôܹȥˡ
֪ԼûпٻͷȥˣҲΪŶš
һŵģЦŽ§˻Уָḧıš
û£ʲôûУСʦҪԼԼ
˵֮󣬴ָᶯ˶ͼһϸСָУһ˳ĶϮȥ
Ƭֻ֮ںڰлҰ޾ɲǼ䱻̴ͷǵ˵棬ѪͷǵλƤëȾˡ
ڲֻҰѾˣŻ˼οš
֪ողɱһֻҰޣſĿȻɤ˵
ôôأҸոշƼˡ
ҸոͿжܹȥˣΪʲôͽ˵ûУĹǰ׿
۾ܣֻǵ˺һҲûٿŵӰˣǵͷˮѵԼˡ
֡
ɻ֮Լķ˿ԭվ˺һŻ
ɾʱ˵ˡ𡪡һ죬һһֻ޴İë𻢴ɽּ˳
ȥ鿴Ӿͱ§ſٳźͷȥ֮ͷ
ֻë𻢿Ѿȥ˾޴ͫвŭ⣬Ѫŭš
𡪡
ͳĺʹֶΪ֮Ƭ̣ڻͷЩŵؿ˵棬ڿֻ޴İëʱ˫ɵõɴࡣ
һ˫ָǽק½Ȼ߶µؿ˵
㡤㲻˵ûʲô
֮뵽˷һĵ˵ûУ⻹ûӾͳһֻܽԼԵİë𻢣е찡
˼֮ʣֻëӴԭҡ˺һֱ˵洫һ䡪ľ죬ͼֻŻ׺ݿµİë𻢴ʱѾû˶
ŵֻͻȻû˶Ұޣʶһ顣
ˣˣôûˣʲô
жɣΪ˺ĲΪŵʱȶ
ͷһֹ֮תͷȥһƽģֻΪֻҰʰģƬ̡
ҲʱԶһɫӰͼһŮ˰ë𻢵ıϣͷһѷذס
Сʦ˰ɣϹ̸⣬֤˻ԡ
̧ŶͷɪɪǵóѺЦ⡣
ȻСʦʲôˣ
ֻҪһ뵽ŵģ̲סҪЦƫƫϻиҲֻܽЦȥȻװһο˵š
ֻǰǿѹЦģɻǱע⵽ˣĿдðܻæ͵Դ
ʦСʦˣСʦ棬
ţܵ˫ΪЦһһʶ
Ƭ̺ͱſ˵棬ҲʱƼ˰ΪЦϲӣһ¾Ϊʲôֻë𻢻ͻȻˣǰܴԼġ
뵽Щգһŭ˵
̣ǹģ
Ծǹģ˵ʲôԿ⣬ΪԼץһֻҰޡ
뵽ԼȻֻë𻢸ŵˣҪͰܴһܡ
Ĳ䲻ὣô˼ݵһĶʦЩõѣȻɥſ˵
СͽҴ
˵֮Щ˵ĻУֻǿŰܵĿȴЦ⡣
ңң
վڱϵİһ⻰æͽĿϣĿŶƼʮָɳٶ㵽˰ë𻢵ࡣ
ЩԽë𻢴˺ͷľϣһЩ̶ˡ
ܿǿõصظȻС̽ͷȥжͼӭָò˻ص˱ϡ
ʦ涯ѽȻŵʦļˡ
Сʦôᣬ㲻˵տҿȥѰԣſɺóˡ
ɲ˵ԼǹģֻϳЩ
еһϷģκЦⷬ⣬֮Ц˵
СͽɵƯ
̫ˣȻץһֻҰңҺпɽȻҪˡ
ţ͵ЦſĻС
ֻЦƬ̺ע⵽Լ򢴦ḧţ̧ͷЦ
ˣ
֮Ļٵ˵ͷȻżĻпϷ
ڼ˴֮УԶȴһ̶Ĳҽδع֮Ӿͱű˻С
ԭֵİܷıϣɢ˫ڴʱȴȾ⣬ͷذ׷һ⣬ľѡ

ˣʶ֮Уֻ˻δ壬ͼһϮҲʶ佫ԴĻС
ʲôذף
֪ʲôҲ֪ԲʲôöҲͬʱ˵бµʱͿԶһѱնϵܽһµӰϣذ׾ͼ˵Ĳϡ
֣֣ȡ
˱ˣʱֱһػѹڿʱžҵؿԣÿһ¾ͻ³ѪѪȾ˰ͷذס
ֻذ׵İȴǸûĻڶУµּһЩͼ˵ľϳһϸϸѪۡ
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˲˾ʹŰܵĿҲ˾֣ӸΪ󾪿ֶϵزš
ذ׵İܿеľʱЦһһ̼еͼѪ˵ĺͷӿ˳ֱӱȾ˰ܵѡ
ѾˣʶһЩȻЩܲ˰ôɰģܺԥɱˣɫЩѿָק½Щš
ȡȡ
͵͵ؿֻûܣֻܿĻ˳
찡ʮСôһҲ񰡡
ͣؿֿʼ˳̧ʱֿѪӿʬüһ̵˵

˵֮ӿ뿪ԭأż̤ڰʱ˶ˮֱٴλص˵ʧ
غЩ˳ֻȻЩðſ˵
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˵ֱ֮۾ڱϿʼŻ
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ţƲסظŻţͺҪͷĶȫ³һ㡣
ܣ
۵ĻˣĻһû£θͷһӿҪڶѣֻܲϵŻš
˺һǻЩѵĻдȻ˵
ûû£û뵽̻ᶯ֡
˵֮ۡ
Ҳʱ뵽Űܻ˾ĶӦҲβŶԣֻǰֻܿʮģΪʲô
Ѫϣ۶գһ¡
һ뵽һĻ־θͷһӿһֱٴθŻҪЩڰвõ뷨ȫ³һ㡣
žɽֻּŻ˺һͣЪˡ
¶ˣֻθͷ۵ۿĻͷ΢΢ֲǺжճֱȡͽණȥˡ
ָʱѾƬ̺ˣƼһǵģɳƵɤ˵
û£һʱܲ˶ѣûϵġ
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ֹһڵдһЩҵĽŲŲ֮󻹼ŵ͵͵˵̧ȥʱв˲졣
лҪ˵һֱڸģڲŸ£ǸǸo(ini)o


54 
žд˽Ųһ̾ͼųѵĵӳ˵ǰ˵ϲ˺ۣȥЩǱ
̧ͷһۺֵͷδἸˡ
ѾߵǰͷļҲע⵽ˣŲòΪϳ˲²ҲǷǸע⵽еʱҲֻΪˡ
ǰͷĵЦһۺСӭȥּûгŴһЩ˼ע⵽ɫЩ󣬲ŵ˵
λѣѿˣһЩ˵ĵҩһЩѡ
˵ߴӺͷʦȡ˼ҩƿӵݵǰһ׺͵ģ
ֻЦ׺ͣͷȴǲãֻΪãòײ˯ȥˣٱָֻˡ
ڿһЦ㽫Ŀ˻ſڻеˣָظɢīš
ô㲻֪ôʦҩ㲻ҲͰ˻ģ㻹ǻᶾǲɣ
Ҫ˶򷢵֮ʱվЦʦȴվ˳һָ
Щס˫Ƭֿ̺һûбѣ̧ٴοǰļˡ
ҩԼŰɡ
˵ͷһЩסӣڼֻܿİԴʲôƲˡ
ЦĻȻ˵
ĪҪʦС֪ǱǸ
ʾǸ⣬һ̧ȥ
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뵽Ҫڣֻ⻰δڱƼǱĿ⣬Ƭ̡
̫ˡ
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ֻŽĿŻصȴֿ̧ͷֻΪϤݣϤǻɻϵá
ǸվЦŮӣ§ָⶼʶһ˫в𾪡
ˣΪʲô
ôҲû뵽ԼȻ⴦ˣһ̿ٵͷȥеˣڰ˯һ
ֽĿ˵ϣûһʼᷳеֻ޾ĺ˪ΧϢȾ˱䣬Щľ˱˪
ָָһֱ̧Ҫɱˣֻжȴǳǳ֧
״æеָ˻Ȼż˵ȵ

뽫ѣڵᣬȴҲȻزȥǱ䡣
ƼˣԲܣһƼˣĲ֪ᷢʲô
ֻǰͷļȻĻˣɸͲ֪ʲôڻվԭء
ЦΪ鷳Цſ˵
λѿʲô鷳ˣǼȻҲԵ˵Ҳܰʲôæ
Ц֪ҪɱǣЩŹôһĪ֮˽ʵĻᣬܳɺܶԼΪ
ֻעʱ֪˲ûǰýӴ
罫˴ˤ˲ԶĲݴУʹĵûȥǶǽĿ˻УƼѾļĶ
ԼĪƬ֮֮˹ѵЩ룬һק½Ȼ˵
ó
ĺó˴ʹĵ㳯Դȥ
жԴͱſĻУǰů㣬ûع
ôˣǶ𣿡
Ҳˣ̲סͷȥԴţҲǶãҲֻܷˡ
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ȾЦˣ̧˵ҲԼʶҡҡͷ
ѵûУǾСͽֵֹģ˵֡
Щʱȴִϸ˽ĻУȻžŵĿ⿴һſ˵
ǱжǲҰޣǲǣ
ˣ˵ˣܿ뵽Щޡ
Ƕһֻ֮ǰİëһҰޣҲ˼ǽԼջӶʼˡ
ΪʲôҰʱȴˡಡһ̾Ͳ˷̧ʱָһѷĽ⣬ǽԼĶߣǵһ󾪻š
֮ꡪһ죬ָ֮¿ٻΪƬɢ˵档
ʲô
֪ʲôĽضڵ֣ҲʱƼм˴ӲݴԾ˳˵оԼϮ
ˣСͽ˵û
ֻȻһʣϮļ˻ǽеȫѹȥ
Ҳͬʱע⵽Լӱ§ſٳźͷȥһʯУǼ˾վڷŵλá
С˾Ȼ°֣ҲͰ˾Ȼ㣬Сˣ
ٴδˣдŭ΢΢һ㶡
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ˣ
찡ǲ
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ֻģȴĴۣ˶ӵĿ⣬ĶҪѿˣǹӼʿʼʴ࣬§˵˫ֶʶսˡ
Сʦֻǿһ۾Ͷи
ǰСʦϿΪµˣֻһ۶Ѿ飬ʲôʲô
ͽʲô
ֻû۵һһظģ۵Ҫˡ
Ҳͷ˵һľ磬һֿ̾ٳɢȥ֮ȫΪƬ
͵Сʦģ͵СʦСʦûмȻи飬žӦֱɱ
ɱȻСʦֻҪɱֻҪɱ
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˼״ٶ㿪ȻǱָеأʹĲҽˡ
һĻҲǽ˼˻ٻȥԼˣѪһƬһħģֱȥקѡ
Сͽ侲侲ǧҪħЩõģЩĵġ
֮קҪֻû㽫ԼҲȥˡ
Լӵ֣ͷǾţק½Ķࡣ
ˣ߻ħ
ΪħʱȴȾźʻֻ˵
СʦͽھɱǸŮˣΣ
һɱǸŮŵٽĿ˱ָеļϣЩʹţƬ̡
ֻǰͷļ˺ҲûԼɱǲЩˣЩΡΡؿ˵
Сͽɱ޹ǲЩ̫ãҪȥץɱ
СֻĻ˵źּһЩֱͦɲҶˡ
ⷬĶȴ˲ã᲻ãеԽˣƬ̺ſ˵
Сʦ㲻ã
СʦŮˣΪиԲãΪܻϲԲá
̶̵֪Ƭ֮ѾԲһѵĲãֻ֪ԼҪˡ
ԭü޹Ĳ޹ˣ˭֪ǵʲôԼСͽˣǾΪʲôҪԼ
ѵԼ걳
ţٿ˵
ɱɱɱˣɱ˭ɱ˭
ɱҾͺãҲʶԼСҪ
㵹ùСͽ߻ħģȥһֽǮģ߰ɡ
ͷֹãע⵽ϵʧˣɻ֮Сۣһ̱ƼеѪɫʧˣȡ֮ı޵ů⡣
û
뵽ûˣҪһһ㷢Լ򢱻ſҲͬʱĴдЩ𾪵ĿԼˡ
֮У򢴫һʹʹڵţҲһ˲Ѿ˽ǿƲӦ
Ļ̫ůҲů̫ˣҲƬ̺ʼӦȫȻ˲ԶĲݴлż˵ˡ
ȵʱע⵽˲ݴеļˣû
ֱΧˣֱΧˣ
Ҫ룬ӱȴӶӲˣֻǰȡ
лҪ˵Լo(ini)oɱѾľˡ


55 
ע⵽ݴеļʱòˣӿʼƬ̷ָ޼£ҲֻܿĻȡ
ȻЭˣĿȻƲסȥǼˣҲͬʱע⵽ԼͷЩá
ʲô֪
Сͽˣˮȥˡ
Щܵſе֭Һ˫ҲЩ޴Ľק½󣬾жȾˮա
ȻȷʵЩˣһ뵽ϻôˣ;ûܡ
˺һЩſҪɱűϣӶֵÿʼһ˿Ρ
ǳǳˮȾǳˣŻбȳܵЦҲͬʱ˲Զ˶޷ļˣĿϡ
ĿŵʸųͺȨһ㡣
Ƽǰ͵СʦģɽСʦһ˵ģСʦСʦҵģʹǳΪҲֻҡ
ĶҲеǹͷԽӷֲ֮§ΪµĲ࣬һҲòԶ޷̽ⶼƵ
Ƭֿ̺ʼѣָֻŸ½ȴסˣеľʱЦŽ̽˽ȥ֡
ѾļҪȴ˾ͺƱʲôѹסˣΨһܶľֻһˣƼ˵Ķʱֻͷһɬ
֪ΪʲôֻǿһĻͷģԼʶǣΪʲôôܣ
ڿǶģʱʶסķǶеڹһۣҪ룬ԼѾ޷ˣָֻܿ´
֪ʲô뷨ڱֵôʱ˹ֻŭ
ǼˣƼ˾ȻôǶţжɡ
ôϲұȥҵʲô
֮ľҪ߳𣬿ǿȫ˵˵˲ͣˡ
˽ʱֻԼѾ˵ˣⱻҧЩ۾궼ļ̌ͷʱһŭؿ
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ⷬע⵽Լķ˿һٶЩˡ
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뵽־ץסҧһڣֱͷӡ뿪ֻûпΪŭԼһȭͷ޻ϣܴܡ
Ҳͬʱע⵽Լһ̷ʡ
ϮŭҲ紵ɢ࣬Ȼڰ춼ûд
ֻȴƫҪ򢱻ſʱΪ϶ٴҧȻš
ô˭Сʦˣͽȥѵ
ĻЦ⣬Ȼ鼫ãҲˣֻȴһҲá
˭ǵû
ΪʲôҪǵǰңҵѣǲǻǰЩ£
ֻҪһ뵽·ģ;ûܣԼЩĳĳĳСƬһ͡
ЩĿ⣬ܲϲᡣ
ôأͽ˽磬ƲСʦǸ¡
ĻüһƲȻǰȻЩš
˵ƲƵüֻһ֮ʶѣ˵ƲǼʵʵھǶǾû
ͽĴԺͽԲˡ
͵͵ϴˣȻЩãҲͲˡ
ֻǺͷСͽĻĸ˭СͽģȻǺСͽġ
ԼĪƬ̺˲Ѱ˱˵λá
ʱᵽϢһ۾Ϳ˻ϼһ鿾ִ飬òˡ
Ļѳܵ˰ܵıϣʲôʶҪȥ˺顣
ֲֻȥͱܸһˣű˵צڨڨЦţһſ˵
㰡㿾𣿿Գ𣿡
˵űһ˫Ⱦڴôֱ㶵Űܡ
һ綼ûԹ֮ǰֱŵһأˡ
ڿôһ鱻⣬۶ˣ޲ֱȡһ̵
ܿһСģЦȻȡһˮ˵
ˣСʦԶǰҪ֣СʦҪˡ
˵˫ϴš
ϴֵֻˮ棬Ƭ̺ϴɾˣȻ۰Ͱ͵ĵŰܴЩ⡣
ʱ磬óԵ̲ס˴Ĵָʾޡ
̾Ȼ⣬һΪֻƶɱˣԭҲһ
ҾԺȢǸ˾ϱϵ㿴ƶɱ˶һ³Ҳ֪˭ôиȢ㡣
޲ðѰܿ䵽̫ȥֻΪ⿾̫óˡ
ⷬڰܶȴһԺʲôϵȢԼʶ̧ȥվڲԶıһ˿ڴ
ֹһŴͷĶȴŵһůĻУֶͣˣ̧ȥ˲ע⵽ԼСͽˡ
ֻҪͷԶʱȴͷΪҪԼҪƼϵ鱻ˣҲʱʶԼˣæͷ

ߴ۵Ƭ̾ͼͷˡ
Ϊ̫óˣһСľ͸Զˣ˯ʱθͷ͵ܣĻзȥָͣ
ҲһڽЩ˯ˣһ˫㱻קžͷĻУ˵
ôһֱ֣Ķ
ŵǵˣܵûػǲϵӣЩû߳ȥˣ߻֧֧ĵţһ֪ܡ
ֹ˺һü˵
ҶӺͣԶˡ
˵žִԼЩĹĵĸԼĺܡ
žٳЩ㻹˰ɡĹĵСüƬ̺ŵЦ˵š
뷴ɷųԵʱȷʵбȰţĺܺó԰
ҲǺܺڣ֪ӦСͽĻٳЩ۵öˡ
ͽࣿ
ܵҪʼˣȴ˴ЦŹԹԵ˵ͷˡ
СȵĴаǳǳЩʵĻѰһλÿţüҼ䶼á
׼һͽܣǮֻᰴĦô˵ô׬ˡ
ţЩ˵ӱۣðĶ˯˹ȥ
ſ˶ߴĺЦͬʱµĶҲֽԴԼľѴżš
ҹʱֻʣһЩ磬һƬԼܿһվڲԶҹ
СҲѾͣ˶˯ҲʱЩܵĵٴνˡ
Ŷߴĵֽ˱˻Ȼͷǰ˵
ôˣ𣿡
ǸձѣлЩɳƵȴǺܺ

ǳǳӦˣЦȻŽַСţֱٴδ˺űۣĶȴûͣˡ
һ˯û㰲ȣʱ춼δɽϡʶԼٽɽͷ
ע⵽ڵľֻЩžĿ£ʶͽصĻУ֮Ҳֻ͵͵һƬ֡
Щʱȴ§˻УҲĸЩĵĲԼɽͷ
Сͽ𣿡
̧ͷʱע⵽ϵĶһʱҲ֪˻ûѣסճ˳Ȼŵš
Ƭ̺ۣеʱɵЦ
˯ˡ
˵Ϳٱۣ۾ͻᱻʲôץȥԵһ㡣
һϱΣⷬЩεḧݣȻӦһ


56 
Ļһ˯˹ȥֻû˯þ˵Щ֡
űҪۣԺ󾱱סˣƬ̺ʲô˿Уһ˿ʪ
ڸܵԼⱻŵʱҲ˳ŻӦҪеĶҧȥԵֻÿβжǹͻӵǵЩõü
ԡ
ǹͷԽڶαѺۣǰžµݣԺܵеһЩŵҲʱע⵽ǹͲǺóԵĶԼСͽ
ûˢ
ʶûˢ־ȥƾܣ˫ȴѹʮָ޷ˡ
ǵЩͷתԺиǻһƬڵھʱҲûлعҲֻԺ䱻ڵӡǡ
ֹһӲűɿˣΪһûУֻԼѡ
СʦôôѻҪͽ
ȾЦĻˣЩججűۣЦģš
㲻ңһôû
Ͳȫݴˣ˼˵ߡ
һֹţȴȻ޼ɵĿĻеűź
ԶıѾʰֻˣڿһŲģЦŵͷ
Ƭ̺ѲűȻͱŻǰͷУ֮󣬼˲뿪ԭء
ʺϮججҲ֮һЩϵůۣűϿƮһŲ˵
Ķ
ǲ˯ѣ˵ɤԵЩɳƣɳлڸǲȥľ⣬Щۡ
ǰͷؽˣȥͷЪһա
˵ֱһ֣ǵͷˡ
ߣô֣ҲԺˡ
ԼѾ˻˱ϲԸ֮ҲһƬž
ԼĪƬ֮Ҫ˯˶ʱע⵽ԼһűˮͺΪʲôٴһ㡣
ֿ֮˳īһͬɢǰʶȥԼķ˿ʱŷѾԼķڶˣһ˿졣
ΪʲôСͽôҪ˵ԼҲˣΪʲôҲôܲרϰɡ
ϰΪʲô
ʶҲҲǰǹˣͷЩɬֻΪʲôɬȴ֪ˡ
ֽ֮קԼѣƬ̺һɬعǰеɬζȥ
ôˣ
ͻȻתˣע⵽Щɬݣյѯš
ڱϵʻʶҡҡͷҡͷȴͷǹɬԽˣȻ͵͵سʵ
Сͽ㻹ͷ𣿡
Ƿдһ˿ɬɬͷļ˶ע⵽ˣȴûо⻰ʲôɬֻҪ֪һˡ
֪Сͽ˫û§ˣûΪûҲй¡
ֻǹ˺һֻǸ𾪵ģɻػȴһ䶼ûУΪйʲô£еɬԽԽأصȻתȥˡ
ת־ȻԼӶûѰӸװ׵ģСͽȴѰˣйǲá
֮¾ͷŭȻŭس˵
Ժ׼ҵӣ׼Ҫͺͱȥɡ
˵˫ֻһյģҲûע⵽ԼģЩСԴʱһģһȻҪע⵽ҲԲϡ
Ҫһ˰һʱȴֻ˵
Сʦ㡤Դˣ
һԴ˽ŭ˼ȫ˻Щ𾪵̧ͷһ̿ٻͷȥڿЦģʱֿٻعͷ
Դף
ôԴףֲϲСͽҾǾԼ׵ӿСͽȴ˾žòˬˡ
ԣΪ׵ĿСͽԲŲˬˬˬ
ûгԴףҾǾòˬѣƾʲô㳢ҵʱ׵ȴôգҲҪȥѰһЩǷϵȻ̫ˡ
˵֮ǳãһؽǾȥѰһЩСġ
ֻûע⵽ͷȥѰ¶Ůӡ
ںͷԭΪԴ׶˲ѣɴʱҪȥѰ˶һҪǷϵֻͷǹ˳ֽ§˻С
˵ʲôСʦͽҪȥѰˣ
Բκ˷ϵŮܣԸ˴ʡ
ס򢣬ҪԼߣһƼͷɬʧȡ֮ıǿ־壬ҲʱʶԼ¡
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Ļû˷ŵıеֻǿ󣬿ҪȥѰˡ
ԭЩ־ǴſƬ̣ҲͬʱǾֻΪԼز
ʲô˼ʲô˼˵СͽĵһǸ
ɣٵİɣСͽѵǰǧʱ䶼ûкͱ˫޹
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ͽһֱСʦСʦ㲻Զͽʼͽĵһζˡ
һˣеɬҲʧˣȡۣ֮ǶƲס춼ղ
ҾûиˣûЦûЦ
콣ʦĵһҵģ콣ʦĵһҵģҾȻҪ콣ʦĵһΡ
˫հ춼ûдǹЦгвǹ⣬ҲЦ
Ƭֱ̺ӱ˽ĻУ͵͵Цϵشһ
§˵ڻеḧıҲͬЦ⡣
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ʱܹôȻıСʦԼҲ޺ˣҲڹԼ
Сʦ𡣡
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ȣʲôʵôһΪʦҲǲģϾʢΪʦġ
˵֮еּһЩ
СͽҪĸȥôһأԺ󶼱ˣ㣡
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ôԽԽÿˣǳʲôģΪʲôôÿء
ͷϵ߶ģָⴥĴ꣬Ҳͬʱ˿ڽָ˿УȵϢָ⻷ơ
űҧڿеָʱƬֵָֻ̣ܿӣЦſ˵
Сͽó𣿡
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Ҳͬʱӱ§ſܹĲϵı仯Щصͷһ̧ͷ
Сʦϣ
ЩɳƵһ˿ȣ֪ˡ
ʲôҾȻСͽҡ
ȻԼԼʲôѾܹܵӵҪʲô
֮Ҫ룬ӱȴûһ˿취ͬʱҲע⵽Ϊ̶΢ݾЩˡ
ˣСͽ̵е࣬Ժ᲻᲻˰
ôô죬ҪҪ
Ҫһأ
Դ֪ĵһǸԼ㽫ԼĸƷʱܵģЩˣ»ģһΪԼǾͲˡ
˵̫඼̬ͦģСͽ͹̬ٱ̫ǲǸ̬воԲУ
뵽ٽԼ֮ȥѣû˸ȥ
Сʦʲô
ҪƷˣСʦԼѻڻҪԼҪƷˣ̲סŭš
ں֮ͺˣֿٽ˱ڻаš
ԲСʦͽģͽֻǲСʦ𣬶Բ𡣡
˵֮㿪ʼѴֿ̧Ⱦһ˿ί۵
˵ȻЩίҲͬʱע⵽ΪǺ죬ٽѽֱҧľԼȥ
һأͽһأûµģûµģ᲻еġ
֪ˣǱҪˣǰǷ񾭶ûкԼвǧҪ̬Ķǰ


57 
һԼͲ²Ӧ̵ˣЩس˵
һأСͽһء
ǧҪаǧҪӾԾ̬ĥ
ֻҪһ뵽ҪǲԼԻᱻĺܲң˵ὫˣıԽӻˡ
֮ʱΪڽĶǶ߶µģðŸ⿪ˣֽ֮ԼҲһͬ¶𪾫µӡ
һĻȴǶսֻǿ۱ˣʵֶһЩƲסʼḧıϢҲԽ
㡤
Ŀ챻ƷˣҪѶȥ˫ȴϵظǰӣ˵ǴˣֶЩġ
ҲѹһĻٱҪǰһжȥҪ侲
ȥǰȴǲϵţڵ屻ժµڵ洫žડһʱ𾪵ۣʱŷԼѾˣҲһͬ
Сʦ𣡣
ŭ뽫ȥúýѵһ²õĻ䣬Ĳ롣
Եּµʱ㽫˱ƵϣȻЩε˵:
СʦһЩòãͽвõĻ䡣
Ĳ룬ĲԼСʦʲôӰ
ţµȴһҲͣζ˱Ƶÿ˶ûͣЪ
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Сͽʱ˼ÿ
Ҫ˵ʱȴܹĸܵϵı仯еЦˡ
СͽҺòã
һҽеͷȫˣЩʲôʱ򣬴㱻˽еĶеĻȫѹص˺Уֻܱһͬ١
Ҳʱϱ÷ɴʱΪˮΰУͷƲͷͷȴƼͷҲԽˡ
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Ƿһ˵ʲôƼˣ
֮¸æְסȻ˵
˲ˣЩˣȥʲôʱš
˵ָ֮ſڣֻϣܳŴߴ߷¥ҲãҪȥҪʲôˡ
Ѿָܹܵ⵽ʲôزˣв˾š
뵽ᷢʲôˣ֮ǰεʱҲֻСͽ˻ᳯű̬ǰһأػһ죬òϢһһҲˣ̫ˡ
ԼҲͱСͽ˼ˣΪʲôСͽôʢԼȴؾͿס۵Ѫ
ѵǼΪӹҲҪһЩ
ô˵Ǹеİһֵ·ûˣ˵ȥñЦ̫ˡ
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һ˿Ц޵Ķˣȴǳʵָ˷Ӧֻܵͷܡ
㲻ǸճԱΪʲôҪáң
ذ֪֪ҳҪҪˣ


58 
Ļӵţӵʹ˫Ưķвǳǳˮۣ˫ֽĺ󱳣ֱͷһѪɫĺۼѩ֮ʢѪ÷һÿ
Ҫ룬ָѾʲôλãʶ̧ͷòڱе㶼ŶƶһЩ¶ͷԲĽֺ΢΢һЩͺѹôһ㡣
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ͷһ߶֮޺дһģһ֪ڳʲôˣˡ

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֪ԼôˣԼҲֻŶ֧ŵ顣
ȴ֪ԼⷬȴǿֻԸ˵Ҳֻѹۣ˽§ڻС
Сʦ㲻µģͽһֱ㡣
ѹʹ۵Ķ䣬ֲ֮ϵḧĺ󱳣͵͵غš
ڷע⵽ڵľںڵףû˫޾ȫѹסˣֻΪλܴԼ͵
ѵΪǾΪԼϵˣԼʹû˫Ҳ
뵽бȾռӣҲҪ
ֱ˺һĿڵʹѾʧˣȫ¶˵ǣĺ󱳣ȻЦ˵
û£ֻǶˣҵĶӶˡ
˵űסƸԼСϣֻʱŷԼС΢΢¡𣬲̧ͷȥڿеЦʱ
̬ˣ
ǸͷʲôˣȻ˵ֱⷬڶһ㣬˾ȣ֪οڡ
ֻǻ˵Щʲôգȴ˻Уһе͵͵Ļֻ˵
СʦֻҪͽڣԲµġ
ⷬĲȻͷһɻ
⻰ʲô˼ѵӦúµĲѵб
ͷ˵Ҫ޹ⶪɽҰ밡
Ҳʱ뵽ԼĽֲɵ̾һȻľϣһСѯ˵
СͽԺɱ𣿡
˵ۣ֪Լʲô̬ȣֻһ巢йĶǿⶪˣֻҪʱͻᱻȥɱ
Ĳ²͸һҲ²͸
뵽ᱻ޹뵽һձСȹʱĺۣȫһۣô۸
Ҳʱӱ˳Ҳܹ˫ȾЦķ֮˵
ᣬͽɱСʦ𡣡
˵֮ǡ
ĻգգۣʶǾ䲻ʱϲõЦ
ɱԼ콣ʦһԾŶһɱԼ
뵽ԽӸˣǳǳЦƲסй¶˳Сָ˵
˵ѵҪһǧ룬Сͽ˵ҲҪһǧ롣
˵ģ΢΢һ㶣еǹʱһز
Ҳ֮ʣָ㱻ʱֻ˵Сָһ֮˵
Сͽ˵ԺԲɱңȻҪһǧ룬ǿǻ۵ġ
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Сʦͽ˵ѾͽһΪȫͣͿܶʴֻء
˵㽫ק˻Уһ̸ȥͺĶ˳ŵһ㡣
ڱǵգգۣȻ㿴ǰ˳
Сͽһǧ뻹Ұ
Ҫ˵ɲſھͲѾ˽Լţʶ̧ͷһͬࡣ
ֻƬ̺ԺǾ䱻ʴʱѴִһۣ۵žʹĻгˣĿڵָⶼΪʹ˰ΣĿġ
ΪʲôֻһҵҲôʹΪʲô
ĺܲ⣬ֻܿĻ΢
ѵһḧıֽ֮ڵͷϵʹȥһЩƬ̺󿴵ɫ緽ǰ԰˲ſ˵
Сʦ𣿡
˵ظݣֻ۵ϣԼڶڣҲֻԼˡ
ڻеҡҡͷ֮㿪˵
û£ܾǶģȥԷòã
ѹͷǹʹȻŴˣܵڵʧˣشһ
´ʱ˫ȴһ£һֱӱ㳯ǰͷˤȥˣΪԼҪܽӴȴűص˻УȻ˴ϡ
СЩͽȸСʦѡ
˵ȥȡһ׸ɾѡ
ЩɵǰԼѣĶͷʹҲȡˣ͵͵Ц


59 
ԼѵʶЦͷȾһۣԼĽ׼Ьʱʼϵ־ǲԸ

˺һȴֳĻͣȻ򢿴ǰͷǸδīظš
˿ȻֻƬ̱ЩϲоֱӱŲˡ
˳ŵʱѾƬ̺ˣ뱧¥Ҳֻˡ
ֻǲŸ¥ͺˣΪŵʱ̫˫رۣ·ʱͺƲڶһ㣬һȥȫʹ
Լѡ·ǿҲҪȥҲֻǿʹ¥ݣ߻ͷֹš
˭˵»ƭСأΪʲôҾôʹĸӻ˵ģұ֤
һ߶֮ߵ¥£̧ʱһ۾Ϳڽеİܣ޼ɵűʵ֣ȫûСŮӸе֡
ֿ֮ν˰ȥһһĻ͵͵ЦȻ˵
ǲϲѽ˵ȥ˰ڵĵط
ڿĴֵİע⵽ʱ˶ȻͳǣֻڿǸ·ͺһģɵñ뵽˷¥Ц
СʦȻϰ֮ǰ޳ǸģھȻܺûһ
Ϊᱻʦֵ²ˣСʦϡ
ţĿΪˣǴߵЦݶŴ࣬Ƶ
ŰܵĿ⾪ÿٽԴĻУҲͬʱɫͷʱղѡ
֪Ͳ¥Էˡ
ߵλñϵʱͱ˳ƱϣѾϰ˵ûоЩʲôԣǰͷﻹЩԽܡ
˭뽣ڵһ콣ʦᱧһӳԶι
ڼ˶Ǹߺܾõ£˼ۺͷ˲ܵĿȫǲۼľͷǿʼ˽ƣûѪ
ڳԸЩˣʶ̧ȥǰͷİܣڿһҪԼƵʱýлδĸȥ֪һ̾Ϳںˡ
ȿȿȡ
㿨ںͷܣеĿӱ˵ĻпʼһֱǶЩؿƵ
ˮ
͵͵ˣһƼ߳һůҲ̵ĻµűֱںеĶȥĵĿʼ
ͱҭˡ
ϵظ˳˺һŵʹֱӣ̧ʱһպģʱƬ̡
ʱܷſվ͵ԼСͽµȫȥΪԶ԰׵ɫҲʱͨһƬþͺҪѪһ㡣
֮ע⵽ʳҲԼǵֻúȫ綼֪ԼСͽ£ԼڵµǸܡ
ȻҪӻ¥ȥӱЩһ۵ֻܿĻд
ע⵽ⷬڵֽ˰˻УʱֿеľʱüȻ˵
ôˡ
˵֮󻹽ɢ鷢˳һЩż
ʻ͵͵һܣ˰ⲢûԼˣŴյĶߵ͵͵ؿ˵
һֱңǲڲӡˣžͽ㲻Ҫ
˵ֽĿ˰ܵϣѾûԼˣܡ
ֻҪһ뵽ҪԼѲ鿴ĿЩ붯ִˣɰͷԼСͽµģʵ̫̫߳¶ˡ
ԽԽûܣͷ¶һ˿
ûУͽûͷӡǣİɡ
Ĵ鿴ûԼʱȴǾûʱһŹԹԵȥķˡ
ڰܱǱĿ֮һֱͷͷ׷Ȼ̲סȥȥѪ÷ĺۼͷһ룬ֱԴ²ǹͷ
ͷɫΧһЩʳź뿪ˣֻĻרͶι
Ƭ̣ڵſڴ˵͵͵˵֮мͷҧݹһѭ˹ȥͷһؽͣ
̨ǰվżˣһŮӣֻúһʱҲ벻졣
ҪͷͶιʱȴŮӷεתͷһ۱ϳ˴ˣɲƼ
ҹﲢûеƻֻϤʱ¥ټĺƼԼӦվǶĻеųԷ
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ˣСͽˡ
ͷһգɰ֮͵͵ȥϤˣȻƼҲԼͷĲ죬ʶü
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ÿ𣿡
һɻ֮˶ߴ̧ͷȾű˪ķʶ㽫ĿͶ˰ܵϣƼԹԵĳԶ֪ѾԼժȥˡ
ʶһĻЩίĽԴת˻ȥȻ㿿Ļе˵
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Ҳ򲻹ҲҲֻˣСͽܳһףֻҪԼϴװװϾûˡ
뵽ԹԵĽֹľϣֺ֮⡣
Ƭ̺Ƽеı˪ʧůˣֻΪǲˣɺ֪ܿ˲˶һʼˡ
걻ϵʱĺȫϵů㣬ҪſڴɲſǿƵĴ˽ȥҧ⡣
ʹѪȴȿʼʿеѪˮҲͬʱȾˮί
λϵӳڼʱѾƼˣԭΪԼСʦѾϵˣСʦҲЩĪеġ
ԼʵˣҴס
СʦͲԼǺιϵ˵ȶĵǸ΢ģԭԼǸ΢ˣ΢ĺ޲ùڵСʦԼ
ԼҪùģȴֻվǶСʦۣܻСʦģΪʲô
СʦΪʲôͷͽͽ
ҲʱĿ⣬ĿдŲŲ⣬Ŀȡһ˱˵İǰȵСˣĿϲϲÿҪˡ
ͻȻЩôɱԭôԼСʦð񵱳ԼֻܿСʦһ㡣
ͻȻЩΪʲôԼǰԥɱСʦΪǸСʦѾԼˣǸСʦ˷ϵˣҪһˣҪԼˣԸԼҲԲøˣ˭ԣ
Сʦһ˵ģ˭Ҳȡߣ˭Ҳԣ
ͷִȾ˱˪涼ѩɫı˪ǡ
Χʳͷ׷ױɺƵԭأڵļڷҲ뿪ˣֻʣˡ
ԭЩҲע⵽Ϯĺ䣬ʱ㿴׼뿪İܣƼ˼ԼҲ֪˼ˣȻ̾§ľڿʼӦ
СͽڳԴ
ҲǾǸ˱Ƚ࿴ڳôصĴ
ˣ˭ԼСͽ꼶أžˡ
ţĸĺ󾱣̧֮ͷһͬһͬ٣ѱ⿪ʱûȥֹ
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ΧѾûˣȻҪˣڴñСͽԴҪи˳ǾͱƸɾˡ
һ뵽ԼСͽͷҲˣȺ忪ȥ˼ɡ
СͽԵʲôʱܸĸİͳԴףԵĻĪĴףԵԼһ¡
̾Ȼűӭ
ԼĪ֮Ӳűſˣɻ˵˵
СʦԱͽˡ
˵ҲǷԸֱ㽫ϵķȫɨڵأѹſϡ
һžˤĶУʱע⵽ԼȻϣҲͬʱҲȫɴۡ
ʲô˼ʲô˼
ҶˣôҪ﷢񾭰
Ҫ
Ĳҽˣͷ˲Ǵʱ˳Щ
ﶼԾǲԲԣ
ҪòãҪ
޺Ŀˣ¥ĴãԼЩ跻ڵʲôǿԺǾԲҪַʽţԲҪ
벻ռķܹԼӱڳʲôƣǰ߳ܵģΪӭ壬޵øˡ
ǿ̫ǽЩħ˻Լѹ¿޳˵ʱͷһۣһ̽˱ص˻Уѽ˰
ԲԲԲ𡣡
ſ޵ˣǸ˫ָǲϵذţ֪СʦƤˣԼʸռСʦ
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ͽͽãԲԲ𡣡
˲ϵصǸҪеίȫ޳һ½޸ͣ½ʪ˶ûͣЪ
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ͽԺ󶼲᷸ˣСʦˣͽ۵ġ
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Ȼ뵽Ȼǻἵʵķ񣬿ɿСʦΪԼ޳ģȴֽЩʶֻרĵغ
ҲǿһҶˣΪʲôҪ/ңҺЩؼҾΪµʲô𣡣
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ȥ͹˵źҲź㣬治ҡ
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60 
ڵһ֮˷ܵĿʼӸžҪĻȥֻж˻Уֻ̽Դ
ֻ˺һûеȵ֪ʲôöƭˣҪʲôݺݵѰ˺һӿտҲ˵Ƕ˾һֻɳ涼ûС
ͷһɶһֱȥòûιȥˣ֮ŭس˵
ԸⷽžͱӦãƭӣ
Ϊ϶ӦԼûпʼͱβ
һŤͲԸȥԽҲֻԽˣ۲Ϊ
ԸȥȴҪֱǿԴתǿǣֱʵǴ˲ɿˡ
Сʦͽôƭ㣬ֻҪҪͽȫ㣬ͽԼ
ĻһĶоãҲЩ˷˫Щǰˡ
Ƭ̺ӱһ֮Ѿӡ
ŵɲǣ㱻ˡ
Ҳͬʱӱ§˴ϣδµ˲䣬𪾫µӱ¶˳
ͷӡǳһĺۼʱۣ֮ҲǷԸ⸩ȥЩѾ쵽µĺۼּһЩֱ۵ü
ۡ
ӱһֱӡӡǣ۵ֱˡ
ʹ֮¾ֿʼƾǰˣѹϵ˾ͺƾʯһƶް취󷴶еˣֻܲϵشס
ԼĪƬ֮ƼԼ˫ȱʶҪʲôһ˹Ȼ֧ų˵
ƭӣ㷽ʹӦˣʲô
ע⵽ƭԼʱҪݺݵشһ٣ϸǿʼֵģֻ⻰˵һע⵽ԼһůĵطЩιȥˡ
֮ע⵽˶֮ͷ˫ָЩ޴Ľקű죬пʼˮգöˡ
ʱʶԼ˵ˣȫš
žڴѹֵĴϢѾĥĿҪˣǰһƬ谵ʱιȥһ㡣
ҪڳÿÿſֻԼǳǳĵֻܽҧŴֹסЩֻǺȴȻв֧
ֹƬֻ̣˶ҪڻĿУҲʱһ֮ºг
ҲͬʱеҺȫӿ뵽ĿУ˳ĴȾձϣ̧ͷ˾ͷ
һĻͷ̵֮ʱ§סľԼʱ˿ЩۼϢӿԼĿС
ճϢڿвţۿǰˣͷЦʱҲЦɵĽеϢȥЩĶˡ
콣ʦҡ
˵ȥ˭Űĺϲ
һ뵽ŵ飬ϲĲˣҪʱԵø۳еĻ䡣
һֱǵ˺ҹһȵϢ˯˹ȥϲĺۼ˷ж໶졣
֮Ѿ˯ŵ뿪ӣּɢϵīʱֽ仺ȥ֮΢ĴţɵЦ
˯ɣͽˡ
˵űȥϴһȻ§˷˱ͷ򰲾ؿڱŻ˯èʱĸıš
ôƬ̺ȴϣס˫ֱʧջ֣ʱûȥյľţ֪ͷǱ׼ȥ
ж°ȴסˣʱͿһ˫ƣ˫Լһ˿ȻҲû뵽ᱻԼĶѡ
ּģǰȻ˵
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ǳǳػһ˿ůѣǾ䳳ҡҡͷűЩǵ˻ĥš
Ҫȥҵòã
˵֮ҲȻĻУűľѴǹɡ
Ѿ뵽˼㣬һ뵽Ҫ뿪Щˣߡ
һŻ㽿˵͵͵ЦЦȻ˴ӻа˳Ż˱ͷſ˵
ԣͽſڣСʦ˯ͽһͻˣ𣿡
ƭ˵ţǴ˼ѪһҡҡԴʾͬ⡣
ҪҾҪ㡣
ǽžĿдۣ֮ע⵽ͷļʱ̾Щε§ֻص˴ϣָĸı
ԣͽˣ˯ɡ
˵֮ıָСʦһͬ˯
Ҳʱע⵽еѾû˶߸ǴǳǳغʱʶѾ˯ȥˡ
ȫԼϵˣЦ֮ḧľȻ˵
Сʦ㻹ǽ
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࣬˯ڱϵѾˣ۽֮ԺԼѡ
ΪƽʱԼȴδӴЩ˵ѣڴѻ˲ٵʱ䣬ҲǿĴ˾Щҡ
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ŴԼϵһͷˮ֮뵽ԼʱǺ࣬ôԼͷͷˣ֡
ҲһͲˣ֮㿪ųȥˣֻǲŸߵ¥ݼˣǳŮӡ
ע⵽վ¥ݱϵڿԼɻ뿪˵ЩʲôȴͻȻ뵽ԼΪͱСͽڴøˣæĿջȥ͵ûмˡ
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ҾϤǲǺܾǰʶ
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ҲͦϤģҽʲô
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ڵĵӡ
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Сʦ𡣡
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ЦתͷվڲԶ˫Ǿ֣еЦʧȡ֮ɻ
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Сʦòã
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ŵͷˮĿջ㿴ɫ԰иǲ˳ʹļһۡ
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˲ˣֻҪžͻ½Сʦƭߡ
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61 
ˮеˮɻ̧ͷ뿪ڸԼѾϴˣڿɲ˫ʱȴŵˣŲӲ˵
ⷽŲǻúõΪʲôˣ
˵ŮĺôСͽ˼Ҫȫ²͸
ŲĽͷһЩɻ˳Ļͱŵˮϣһ˫ֱקŰˮͷˮûƣҲʱʶҪԼϴҪϴ 
ԼڳǰҲϴֵѽҷҲųžͱҲûҪϴһΰɡ
ţ͵͵ƱϵˣȻСؿ˵
СͽҷŸϴӦòϴɡ
ֻⷬ˵ƼĿ⣬ǱĿҪȫһ㣬Ӷʶţ֮ŲӲҶˡ
ˣϴϴɣҲҵģϴҲҵ¡
Դ̾һҷҲֻˡ
ֻ˫ֱˮͷϵͺҪͷƤȫ˺һ㣬۵üƬ̺Щŭس˵
ۣѾɾˣϴˣ
ˮͷ˫ѾϴĺһƬֻϣȻΪ˭ҵצӱˮˡ
̧̧Ҫָѳֻһֶ޲ҲֻܹԹԵ˸ԼϴͷΡ
⵽ô¾˵¸ﻹҵ
벻ͨҲⲻˣ̾
ֻֻ֮̾˵
ϴɾΪʲôϴɾΪʲô
͵͵ػȾһ˿ȻԿȻˣʶ̧ͷһĲ֪룬Ŀ΢΢
֪ΪʲôͻȻ޴룬Ҳ֪ʲôҪѯʣ˫ȴ˴ʹòͷȥ
ڿѾѪֱʱȻ󿪿˵
㵽ôˣҲûʲôҾǡһš
ֻ⻰δ˵ֹסˣΪԺиֳ˷¥ݼһĻԼֿɲǱǸڵӸ
ɲǱһ˼ֲǴʲôϸôһֱϴҪƼ
ϴҲϴôûûϴɾɣӦ᲻̫ˣȵȣСͽòǳԴ˰ɣ
ɣٵİɣ콣ʦΪҳԴף
ʶΪԼԴ׵ʱȾǹ⣬ǶʶͷǸˣڿԼ˫ݲеЩҵ˫ʱҲˡ
ȥ§ͺħһһֱֹǾϴɾϴɾЦ
Ц֮ͷĴ꣬΢ĴкܿϮˣһѧĶС̽ĿУ֮ŹԼࡣ
Ҳʱˮʧˣע⵽Ѿͣ˶ۣڿеĲʱЦȻתĲࡣ
ܿ죬ڴǳǳغ˶ĻУ̧ͷŴݼãüҴΪȾů⣬Щˡ
˷ʱѾƬ֮ˣɿ˵ǰ˿ʱ̧ЦȻų˵
ϴɾ𣿡
˵ḧ΢Ĵ꣬ͷĺۼһһĨȥˡ
֪ԭԼСͽԴ׵ʱôɰһ仰Ϳ˵ƫƫҪͷԼ³ǲҪ˫ָϴ˲á
ҲͬʱҡҡͷǻԼŵǷ뵽ǸЦ
ûϴɾϴϴ
֮§ľԼȥҧЩ΢ĴϸϸĴΣƬ̺еůӿĵ˿ڵȴһͬ֡
ڴǰģһƬͬʱע⵽Լӱ§ϣҲʱŷѾˣʱĶҲӷŵ̧ͷ˵ͷ˾ôһ໥š
Ҳ֪˶ãڴĦʶԼʣЦҧҧĴȻ̧ͷһģգֱͷһĨ΢졣
СͽС˼Сǣ˸ҲҪϴô죬СҲÿɰ
ô죬Сͽôôɰ
ԽԽԼСͽɰˣԴ׵ķʽֵֹģ˲ǳܾսԼСͽȴԼĥ졣
뵽̲סĴһǳǣȻЦų˵
СͽǳԴΪʦĶ֮𣿡
˵ҧҧգͷһӡ̧ͷ̧ͷ־ӡ˿ٴҧȥֱӡ˿
ֻ˿ͱȫ뵽ͷīҲпٲϣǳǳˡ
Сʦͽˡ
һ伫ĵǸԭЩ˼˻Ƭ̺ŽԴľѴǳǳЦš
Сͽıúù԰ǰǿԼǿԼѧǸˡ
ôԣΪʲôһҪ۸ͷأ
뵽ľһССĺۼһԼĺۼѩеѪ÷ֻԼĿڶůģһŵ˵ͷԭˡ
֮˱ӵ˭Ҳûп˵ͺ峿һ㣬§ŵȻЩĵȻǹԹԵĻУżɢں󱳵ī
ֻŵʱЩ̫Ȼûһ˿Щǲ˯ȥˣ˵Щʲôȴֱ§űһЩЩˡ
ӱϸô§Ҳֻ˳һûˣ֮ͼǽϵıڻ
ҲʱƼڻһһЩȻĻ˳ϲõس˵
Сͽһҹ߰ɣ֮ǰ˵ҪȥκҲȥòã
˵ֳ˳ѣȾڴ
˺һǰҲûи𰸣еůʧˣɵЩˣȻ˵
Ҷûгȥȥȥɡ
дŨŨڴڴܴԼȥ棬ɵöٳٲͷͷЩˡ
ԼôŽСͽȴԼȥˡ
ȥˣҲûںҡ
ЩյĴ뿪֮˱ͷţȻܿõĿת
ȥͲȥһƵطҲȥ
ֻͷţȴȻʧ䣬ڼζű̾
ϵһڴüԼӰһųŶ࿿ߡ
ű㱨黹ĿôҲû뵽ɱСʦĵӾȻݣֵĵҲ֪Ǻ¡
Сʦ𲻹һ飬ȻҲصͽӣ䣬챦ؾȻǴֱʰ
ҵʱӵĵҲǴͷģ˵ĿľΪΣ֪콣ʦʦȴȻʵӣСʦʲôŭ˾Լ
뵽űԼʱͷĿԽˡ
ԸСʦȥ֣ⵥ·ͽ챦ؾɲ˭˶ܵõΪ챦ؾǰҲԲ١
Щ֮˻ԼûעʱСʦ߶СʦԼðգֻн鶼˲ܰĵСʦ𣬲ܰĵĽµӵɱˡ
ţֻöһ˿΢ۣʶͷȻűۡ
ƵģͷתͷȥʱͿŶһԽģҲԼ˾ͷǸ⡣
˼Ƭ̺ŴӴȻߵּ࣬ʹŵ˫ʱۡ
СͽǺԽʵҲûʲôġ
ظݣ̧ͷеɻ
ôˣ
͵͵ѯĿдű§˿ϣĻС
ʵͷҲûʲôģǽվͷɣ˵𣿡
˵ͽԼԴľѴȻСľͷǳǳӡ
еĲ컻Ц⣬ȻطıƬ̺ų˵
ȹʱͽСʦȥݺʱСʦȥĶǾȥĶ
Լ˼Ȼʵ㹻ðգߣԲš
˴ӻб˳Ȼҧҧ͹λãڸܵ˴ʱջ˶֮Цһ
һգͷ˵һĻϵʱʵǰ˯˹ȥ
˯ȴûв뿪ˣ˺ҹһˣʱӳһƬڰʱע⵽ԭѾϡ
ûж˸㱧˯ֻǷȴ˸գһԺ࣬ڱЩɻ
֮Աںڰ֮УЩİڴߣȻɳƵɤ˵
СͽСͽ
˼ûеõӦǱ˵أ±ϢƤʱһ飬˫˫ۡ
䡣
ע⵽µæȥЬӣжٴδˡྡ
ʶ㽫Ŀ˵ľϣֻΪͷЩŶЩƲװڲû˵ģ
ȻЩߵűţ֪ҹ˭ţСͽҲԲܻŲŶԣͷĻ˭أ
һɻ֮ȴͣˣͻȻͣµɻǰһЩҲʱ²֪ǲȵʲôֻЩճһЩʪ䡣
֪ʲôճҺͷЩǿٺһЩҲ֮һϤϢˣʶʲôʱÿһЩ
ǣ
лҪ˵ܣһֵСɰҪˣͻȻֱԼһo(ini)o


62 
ǣ
˵˱Ŀȴڵ浫ΪƲЩճҺʲôǿдȳζȴҲܲ³ʲôˡ
ѪΪʲôѪΰɣΰɣ
ͷϵ߶ԼΣɿѪζȴҲԼͲζʵģŷ촦ȷʵѪ
ʶѪһЩֱ˵߲ͣˣͷǾŵ˫ĿֻϣԼСͽͷһͷֻһˡ
ΪʲôѪ淢ʲô
С˵ţ˵̧ȥûںڰеţ˫ֽקԼ½Щ»ʲôⴳ
ҲʱžٴδˡĿĿġֻǳʲôûˣʶסأͷһҡ
ͷ˭
ϵشΡΡĳ
ֻǲ˵ͺˣԼǲ˵ͷҲΪûˣԼһǸͷֱ
뵽ƵӺͷǿԼ
쿪š
ҲʱͷһŮֻЩ졣

ͷ˭Ƭ̺ôˣɲǰ¥ݼĳڵҹҵʲôһš
ҿŸҶֻСس뽫ߡ
ôˣʲô˵ɡ
˵ŲӶ
֪ʲôֻϽ뿪жԶ߶Զ
ȴûĻڶȻǲϵţõķңֱȥ˴һ١
Ȼش϶ţȥȴǷǵᣬһ̱˵
쿪ţҷƼͽˣҲ֪ôˣ쿪ţ
Ǽ򵥵һľƬ̣ȥյĴ齣ԭӦԼ˯˴ʱȴУѲ˵ˣ
Сͽ콣ʦС˵ôܻᱻ˸ˣ˵˲ǻмһⲻܣԲܣ
ҡҡͷһƭԼģɺܿͷִȴЩˣֻ˵
㲻ۿ˴̴ͽĿڣһЩȥ¾ͼͽˣ
ĻԵúܽͺ˵˲˶һ㣬ⷬȷʵƶһЩӣܿ˻
ΪʲôСͽ첻ڱأҶôҲѵѵǱ𣿿ɡ콣ʦ
òĳѰţ԰첻ԼžΪ˳𣿲İɣ
뵽ҲǳѰˣŽžܵűҲ˽²Ѫˮţɻȥȴֱͷš
ŵĿһ£Ȼٳźͷȥ
ˣ
ֻԼڷ˭˼ҿǽ˭˵
Сͽ
Ȼ֪Լܱƭ˵ǿԼֽ֮Ŀ˱ϵĴһҪҪֱӴӴȥ˵һ
ҲʱתͷȻǳǳЦˣЦ˺һͣ£Ȼ˵
콣ʦʦһΪǸʲôĽɫԭ޴͸ˣǿϧʦµĽ磬ٺõĽҲͷ޴
ĽŲĲһЩͷһûڡ
Ҳͬʱߴ˽гʵȻƲǰͷ˿ǽеϵõģ뵽СͽΪԼ˽Լȴ޴ңǰա
ڰûڶûˣֻ뷨ӳȥɲһϡ
ҪɱңǷ׷ǹʸ޳ޣΪʲô
ѯȴĵƶţǲӵҲֻдˣֻǶ¥Ҳ֪ȥ᲻ˤзϳ
߱ԸԼˤзϣ˵ҩʦܽԼκá
뵽ͷһЩ
ʦǽ㻤ĽֻǻĽҲŲס޴أҲҪ˵ķҲ㣬ĵӣͷǼֵ𰡡
͵͵ػˣΪһƶĲӶͣˣͷǲؿǰͷˡ
֮ǰΪΪԼʲôʲôޣ֪ԭԼˣһôֵǮ
ʲô²Ż˳ļǮҪԼԴԼĲ䲻ὣܺ˭𰡣ܲǺͱ˳˼Ȼ󻹳ӮˣԷϰԾͳǮҲ̫ѪˣǮû
ȵȣϴΰɱҲҲӰɣǺ˭Թ˰
ͷһپᣬʵ벻Լ˭Թ֪һҪСͽץŴԼʲôûȴҪɱʵ̫ɺˡ
֮ǰһ⣬˵
Ȫ·ߺá
ǾȪ·ŵٳһ˹ȥȻܵ˴ϣƴ˴̨Ҫͷȥ¥ʵЩֻǿһ۱
Ҳڻ֮Ѿ׷ֽͷƶһЩŻȥڿѪģʱ΢΢һ㶣֮ƼǰѷУЩᡣ
ĸȱ۵ҰػǹϱˣҪң
ע⵽ͷɱʱǾԼʶ˲壬ﻹΪӦÿʲôģϾҪɱԼˡ
ҪСͽԲŹģҡң
Żֵ˿ֻǰһѣʶŴأͷһҡ
һξԲٸ˿ˣ˵죬ǰҵĻ⵱Ȼˣƭӣ
ƭԼյɱ˾ŭް취ҲֻͷһЩ
ڲҿҪˣ
ǰһôţԼǱץһ֣ȵ˾ͻֱӽԼĲӸĨˡ
뵽ӻᱻĨԽӾˣҪҪֱӾȥˣԼҲȱɱá
˼ԼǱʱǰͷȴЦȻˣֻ˵
ʦѱѾʦǸŰΧˣΪ콣ʦһܵסôĵ𣿡
ĻͷһֻҪȴɫ¿в𾪣ǹ𾪸˲˾֣ԭѾߵӶȥ
㾪ֵģЩˣǰͷһɱԼָƵģôתͷͺͼһѲǼˣ
ŶԭЩǳڵĵӰ˵졣
ΪǼȴ˵͵͵Цһӱ㱻§һůĻУůӭ;ŵ˼˻
̧ͷȥԼˣڿԼʱеĺȫʧֻ˰ġ
ȷǲΪԼԲų˻þסֱüɿ֪Ĳſɥ§ľί˵
ô
Ļдź´žŵǰģ˽§ںԼֻΣֻʧˡ
ԣ£ͽⲻǻ𣿡
Цٴδˣص˵ͷȻ㽫ԴľѴḧԼıǰġ
վе״Ҫ룬ߵűҪƿȴһ취ûУǲĿűڴߵˣҡҡͷȻͲ˻ȻŲΡΡ˵
ܣⲻܣʦʦͽסˣⲻܣ
뵽ԼʦΪͷָʮȥʦӶûеⱻŵ˾ͻˣⲻܣԲܡ
ֻεĲţȷʵѾ˻С
һЩϵĵӣΪסң
žʧЦԭǰ޴ȻĻԼµľ֡
ЦͻȻĿϣҲʱͨһ£𾪵Ͳڶٽ棬ֻΪһˡ
ƻĿʼΪʲô˶ĴֻԼûУΪûбע⵽ԭһʼΪԼȥѰ֪ΪʲôԼȥѰȷǹġ
ζⳡƻԼǱˣҲԼӵʱѾͷˣֻƵ˲ų֡
뵽е𾪱Խǿˣһ̳˵
ǹģǹ뿪Ҳǹҡ
Ҫʣ⻰ֻ˵һͼһѷ̴ָĶͷǶŰϣ仰ҲԶĺС
ѾȥвЦ⣬ʱ鼫ãΪܸܵá
ԼǹģǹСʦ֪ҪɱֻСʦŲκε뷨
Ҳ֪ѾµˣǲµʲôСʦ֪Ϳˡ
е֪֮ĶԻʲô˼Щɻ̧ͷȻ˵
˵ʲôģ
˵ͱӣֿ֮űϵ񣬿֮ǰѽûȴҪɱԼã
ٿ˸æԴĻУֻԼ뿪ӡ
§Լû뿪˴ϣɫƼȾšǲ졣
֮ע⵽̵ʶ㸧Ȼǵ˵
ôˣΪʲôộ
˵űȥѾΪ̫˶ӸջˣѲŽһͱסȵϢˡ
˶ߴϸв˲죬һֺȻ󾪺˵
ˡΪΪʲô
˭µ
⻰ʱһҲǳڵµģĸɱ˻ҩֲǷˡ
ǿҧ˾ǳµģһʱҲ֪ôˣ֮ƼɫӶΪ̶ϵزţƵЩۡ
Ҫְ滺һ£Ǻܿʶͷһ˿űҪ뿪Ȼ󾪻ŵ˵
ҪҪǻӰɣиˡ
ȻѾˣûʲôû״»Сͽ£Լˡ
ֻƾǰȴЩܿƵİһע⿪˷Լںҹдʱֱס˫ĿŵĲҶˡ
ȹڴϵʱ΢ŵķգգŷĴУƬ̺ӿ˳Ⱦʪ˷ҪȴζԸӿڷǿӦ
޺ˣŵҡͷͷһҡ
ֻҪһ뵽ǶһˣȻѾ˿ȻԼСͽ±Ƶͷǲ֮ǲϵġ
ҪǻһӺòãˣ
ϵشĿдȴһҲûȥǲͣȡš
ŵܵǳɢīҲĶϵػζţֻܱһͬ١
Ѿ޵ɤӶˣȾỨģߣһָܵһʹʹĵ֮ǳǳ
֮ҲЩӦˣڱڻеʱֻúˬֽ֮رסǰ˵ľǰͷ˷Լȡš
֮ÿһζԵļͷָӵĲḧţеˮҲ˲们ľ޵Щ
һůӿʱҲͬʱܵز֮˵Ļͷ˵ǰȾѩɫĺۼʱѾûֻܿĻ΢

ҪϢʱǰȴ콫еĴϢȫȥֻܲϵ֧ţͬʱִŵۡ
Ҫˣ
뵽ֱҪժ۵ķжͱ˫ѹŵ˴ϣһ˫Ű˷ϡ
˽ĵط˴ʹֱͦеỨϵӿȫϣ޵
ҪѾڵûЦͬʱĿ˵Ѿȥˣ΢ʤһ㣬Ƭ̺ŽĿ˻
Ҳڴʱע⵽ѾιȥˣŵĶߣȻŵͳɤ˵
ʵͽûгԣƭСʦģСʦӦϲġ
˵֮ȡ˱˵ϣ߸߹ıֻܿһ˫¶ͷϵĺŶһžͷԵøıѹֵֶ
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лҪ˵¸ǣİŲҪţ˭ô˵Сͽڳ(*^^*)


63 
һҹӹ۵Щѵİǰˣ΢΢Ŭ˳
ǰֵľ⣬Ҫô˯ȥɶᱻֵѹôػؼѾûż˵
Ҫ˺òãҪ
˵ĻԵЩɳƣ֪ΪȺһҹµģʵһҲͻһֱôһҹûͣЪҲˡ
Ҳͬʱůӿ˽Ļδ˵ɤͷ̵ܣ˫Ҳʱش˱ͷ
֮ע⵽Լ򢱻̧ͷȵĴʱӵûˣҲֻܹɵǰΪΪ
Ҳ֪˶ãע⵽ҺȥȾϣȥȴƺϲѹֲµҺֱӴʪ
ձߴʪԼʱжǱҪǰ˶ȥ
ĺۣ۵Ҫú˯һڵǹůԴڲϵӿ룬ֻǹůԴȫСͷǵֱҪû˺
īɫĳɢڴ֮䣬ͷ˴ССǳһĺۼͺѪɫ÷ѩ֮һ㣬Ķǣˡ
Сʦ쿴㶼ˣͽġ
ҲʱߴȾЦĻ֮ע⵽ԼֱԼƽ̹СĶʱŷԼСһҲƽ̹Ĺĵģɲһ˺ӵģ
ͷĶʲôɱҪû磬ֻԼظţеۺʱһ㣬Ƕˡ

Ƭ̺ڵůԴɢˣڵȻܵǳеˮҲʱ
ǿƵĳл֮УѾû˼Ǿ仳˺Ҳûȥֻ֪ǶȫСͽǿƸĶܾܾ
žֻǳǳغӵڴͷһƬ͡
ٶֻΪڷŹԼˣ׼ú˯һűǰȴִֻ˵
Ҫ𣿡
һ仹Ҫ𾪵Ҳѹˣ۱㿴ɲķӶʼ
ٲҪ룬ɲжͱѹ˻ȥҲͬʱɢڴ齱ߵķֱӱ㽫ָ
Լ˫ֱڴͷŵÿ˳Ѿͨ˫Ҳ֮бԽӺˣһֻ۸˵Сӿġ
Ҫ˺òãĲˡ
аһ˿ί˵ţһҹζιȥÿζᱻֵѹҪЪϢƬ̵ĻᶼûС
ǰ糿ĺ˯һѾˣǰȴһҲûнĻȥǿƵȡţƵҲŶѪɫĺۼûʱȥ˼Լе˼ͷ
СʦͽҪŬһССͽ
Ļͬһ㽫˼ȫϵ֮У֪˵ʲôҪԼһӣһĺӡ
Ҫ߳𣬿ÿһοڶᱻͻֵֻܴǳŭȫѹ˺У߸ǲϵػصҪԼеĻεؿ޳
ѵҪвɣһҪλУ
Ҫˣ
뵽ؿԽˣȾʪīȾʪĺ󾱣ԭΪԼ޳ǰҲ÷ŹԼˣûһҲûУǰͷ˻š
ͷɫѾɴϵ˻ܵؾţвϵػصɳƵǳЩͷ
ЩֱŽʧˣһҹѾû뿪ʱ޸о˫š
ģȴ˵/ˣˣһ뵽ԼֵҲ˱
ºֿ΢΢¡СЦűָȥƬ̺ų˵
ͽƻ𣿡
˵󻹹󣬿С˼ġʱЩʧˡ
ʧˣŵȴͨ죬˫ֻſѾڵضˡ
ûаͽŬҪ
ͷʧ䣬ǶûԼĶӦԼŬ׼ȥ֡
ⷬвãһ̱㿪ʼҪִӴͷȳȥע⵽ֵ˺δʱس
ˣˣԻˣ㿴˼ŮӻжҪʮǲǣǱϷҲûô찡ǿ϶ˣģң
һէһʵûʲôԣƫƫ˵Ǹӣ˵ɵˡ
û뵽ԼȻᱻƵ˵ⷬôܻỳУһ뵽Լûл˿϶ҪԼˣ䱻ڻЭˣ˵Ҳ⣬ڴҪá
ǰĻȾ⣬ֽ֮Ŀ΢΢¡Сϣһŵ˵:
滳ˣ
ɵʻһ飬ͷȫΡ
⻳ûû
Ȼͷһŭ˵һ뵽ҲֻùԹԵص˵ͷ֤ǻˡ
ʱڲٺڲ治Ǹ
á
˵⿪˲ķֱ֮ԼϣһĴͷϸϸš
ںܿ㴫ǳǳˮǰԼСֻϸҲû뿪ͺڸͷĺһ㡣
һģֵЩΣԼ˵ʲôţЩɰ
ţҲоܾĶ˿һ
֮˲˴齣˫ΪʱѾʹûһ˿뿪ʱҲ¥
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վڽӱϵȺİƼһѵģƬֽ̣֮Ŀϼһģʶ
һ۾Ϳ˰ܵ˼̾һȻҪڹǰվǲܵˡ
Ƭ̺˽Уڽ뿪ǰֿ̽ӻ˱ϵİܡ
ģֻʲôõҪǿȥקʹֵ̧ûи˵ǽ˸קˡ
еӦóʲô
򵥵һײ˶ϣĲֻһ˾ͷվŵļ˶ɵˣֱ
û뵽˶ʯˡ
˭˭ˣСʦ㻳ˣ
ȴӴɵлعĻǰܣٽĿȻǲѯš
ʵһһ̱Ҫȥ⣬ƼһʱҪԼģı죬ȻͶŰܵ˵ͷ
ˣСͽǶѶ
ҡҡ
ܿͷ˶ɵ˵Щ״Σ˵һĻ
ʲôҵģԺ׼ĶǻеܳԵģڿˣ
Ű߰ĻķķԸţһ̾ͽ˻ȻŴη˰֮Уɽȥ
еЩΣ䲻ͱ˻еıǩЩΣʶ̾
ˣúõСͽôˣѵΪԵЩҩӶԻ˲ɣ
뵽Щˡ
Ҳֻһע⵽ů⣬ȥʱͿԼСţůůĺˬ
Ҫ˯һɶȴִغЩεӦš
СʦĶͷͽĺá
µСǳǳЦţһ֪鼫Ҳ͸һͬЦ
Сͽôôɵ콣ʦô᲻֪ǲܻеģ
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ϣкŮ
Ȼ˳ҲͲٶӭȥ˵Ҳ֣ͺ˱ôദһ㡣
ֻҪСʦģʲôá
˵ĴףǸˡ
ڱ͵ǵ§סǰ˵ľȻŰǳЦų˵
˵һСʱݾʹ콣ʦĺǸС
Լ˵ĺеԼǿܳľǸСʱһը˭뵽콣ʦĺǸСء
ֻ⻰˵ͱ죬һǰ˾ʹлһ˿ŭ⣬ֻ۵ȴȫǳ硣
Ϲ˵СʦͷһǸСˣͺСʦһεεģܽ
ʵ֪Сʦǲܻеģʱͺ붺Сʦ𣬿Сʦѯ֮Ҳһͬ
СʦĻỳУǴӶͷһǸСˣСҲһÿСֻҪСʦʲôá
ԽԽˣ§ӣ˵Ż
õվǵȥ˯˹ȥֻ˯ȴֵĻ棬εԼСͽͷĳϻһСͯ
ֻСͯĶɰīɫĳɢڵ棬һ˫Ц⡣
ǰСͯ˫һģһݶЩƣСͯʱԼ°ںŵ

İĳƺĿЩůҲͬʱӱ˻УȻЦ̧˹ȥҪԱһ˵ǲ񣬿ûп˫ķֻһӡˮɴǰ
ɴҪժ¿ɲжͱס˱¥˻УůϢϣϵĺⶼɢˡ
Сʦ
ִǳǳ֪ǱԼڻԼʶ§ӣȻһ


64 
뿪¥ѹգʷɿйŵɽ
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Ļа˯ţɽɲǼкϮٴɢİһͷīʶĻпһЩϵůŽȥһЩ䡣
Ͼɽǹůܿͱɢֻ⣬Ҳ֮»ۣİһŽĿ˱ϣͼͷһƬѩɫֽһƬѩ֮£òɷ
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ǰѩֻûܣҲͬʱע⵽Լ˵ʱȥҲɽĺ֮½˱˪Ŀ±Ƭ˵֮䡣
⣡
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§һЩע⵽һĻ̧ͷڿͷЦʱҲЦЦȻСؿ˵
ǵĶѽΪʲô˵Ҳ
ѩ治֪ԼǵĶ֪СͽҲûкܵǷúܰģһԴȫľѴɢů㣬ϲ
Ƭ̺ע⵽ԼձţǳǳЦȻ˵
Ѿɽڣ걻⸲Ǽ֮ء
˵ֶ֮ɢһЩ⡣
ɽ
Ǹɽ
ɽѩ壬ɼǣ续ɾ֮Ϊµһ澰
ǰѩһ̾ԭ˵ɾͬɾһ㣬ʶ̽ȥͷѩϲá
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һؾȻܼ׳۵ѩúһ㣬˵ص͵Цš
Ц̫öе˹ȥֽ§˻һͬѩȻ˵
ϲɽסϼΣ
ϲɽѩЦĶǣȻůɤš
ʵ֪ɽסղǺĽڰˣѹҪĿģֻһֱҸ֪Լʮ
˵ֺֹһ˾ԼҲһͬûӾͺڵʲôء
ţḧīȻ㰲Ŀڽѩֵˣвۡ
۷ʲôСʦͽỤ㡣
֪ʲôĻϲѩƼһƬѩʱЩ˵תȥתѩѾΪѩˮڻˣѩˮڣһһĵʹĿڴ۵ӡ
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ˣ
һ󾪣
ۡ
ҲʱĿٴ³ѪѪˮȾľ½Ⱦˣʹϵش
֪Լôˣֻ֪һڲϵش߶ͷתЩͺʱһ۵ҪˣÿÿҪʾֻᱻʹѹҲֻĻҽС
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Ѿ뿪ŽĿ˻ȥע⵽˵ʹԽԽأҧŴ۲ѡ
ԣҧˣҧͽġ
˵Ĵ֮㽫ԼָȥҧţָϵĴʹûгҲûջֻüѡ
ҧָ˿дϢǹȻʱѴĴʹһ⿪ʼָϲѪˮһһ˿С
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£ͽڣͽỤСʦ𡣡
˵󣬿е˹ԹԵصͷˡ
Ƭ֮ȥĴкܿʹˣŷӹԼڴǳǳˮ

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ˮҲ˲ڣٻס澭Ҳʴֱӽȫڡ
ʹҲʱʧˣۣԼʱſľѴ߿޶˵š
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ȻѾˣǹĵʹһ㺦µĻڲв˾֡
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˵һִӻͷȡһСƿӵ˹ȥ
״ֽ˹еĿⱻɻȡˣԴš
Сʦѩ֮»ʹɷһţڵĻˮŷֻ⡣
˵֮󣬰ܿͷҲ֪ˮضһֱϣɽûе֮ǰˮصڡ
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뵽Ҳֻֻ̾СʦǶֶѣò׺ʦĹϵˣ˾Ͳɾµˣƫƫͳ顣
֪ЩʲôͷǸƿӷŵ˻УһֿĻͷСͷѰһƽȵλòŰĳ
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СʦһЩ䣬ʲôģһжͽڡ
˵ֿ֮һ۰ܵһ㱧˷Ρ
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65 
ʶԼϲСͽʱĿⶼò̫һˣüͷ⣬ܾԼСͽԽԽÿˣѵʩԭ
ԭϲĸоѽ
ǰûϲ˭ԭͷô𣬲ɵñ͵͵ЦȻ鼫á
ҲǳǳЦǰͷ˹Ȼ˵
Сʦ뵽ʲôЦϲá
ѯЦҡҡͷҡͷ֮ק½ľһǳǣЦų˵
Ȼٸ㡣
˵֮ԴľϣŻдů⣬ٴǳǳЦ
ͽšŻеˣЦų
ԼĪ˰֮ڵ֮أֻΡѩɽ֮ϣĺΧͷ֣ɽ
ŵΧ˽磬ðȻֻôǰͷİƽ̨ϡ
ɲؾһϮ״˳ƽ̨ȥ˺ͷͨϣҲͬʱ˷ŵλüһƬѩɫ
ӭĻѩ̧ӵȻһЩѩ˵ࡣ
Ŷߴѩ̧ͷȵʧŴĻվͨϡ
ΪͨɺƣԵ˫̤ȥʱ͸ܵϢ͸Ьӿͷš
䡣
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ɽѩͷЩͬСʦǿͽĻⱻˡ
˵öסӣŵȥһЩ䡣
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ԼΪʦҪСͽţվŶֻСͽŲſԣЩܡ
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׼ٳָʱȴʱˣͷɳһӰ
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콫Źˣ
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ǡҲֻأҲֻѡ
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66 
ɽеɫҲǿֻЩΪʲôֺʶԼСʦɫСʦδϹɽΪʲôɽѿСʦĲ졣
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˺һ˲ɿˣǰﴽЦЦȴǼ԰ĨЦͷȴЩۡ
𣿡
֪ˮӦѾٴνסˣȻܻѹȻס˿Ҳˣۡ
ŵĻʵ뺰ۣڿͷĵʱֲ뺰ˣȻ͹ԹԵҡҡͷ˵
ۣĶ
ʼͷԼλѾͷˣİӦҲǸ˼ңǲ֪ˡ
֮Ҫ鿴ж͸оѴһ۵üһ̸Ŵɰˡ
ٽ§˻һͬ˴ϣһֱȸͣḧıʼ˳ֱֹס˿Բ۵Ķͷ
ɽСʦͽ֪ۣź𣿡
Ĳ뿴ԼСʦԼǰǿţѾ۵ȴȻΪ˲ԼĶǿţɵģββء
ԸԼСʦͲˡ
ԭΪԼ˵СʦҲ÷ˣûУֻеҡҡͷǿżһЦԽӵ۲ѡ
ÿµʱԼֻǼһЩСʦ𶼻۵õᣬһСްһʳԼܶŲˣСʦȴʹβۣβŭ
ŭȴҲȲСʦһҡͷԼȥ𱸸öŭҲֻܲϵغţԼǰҪгŵСʦ
֪Щ뷨ǳǳЦЦȻݣһų˵
СͽɽǲΪֵֹĲǲ˺òãǻٽЩϲ
˵ͿɫҲ֪ԼˣȻЦЦ
ѹֵĪҪɽѹ֮ǰᵽɽԭΪԼĪĲ
ԼһҲϲɽȻÿȴȲٽǰᣬΪٽǸ˿ɴʱŷǶǺͼһůͻȻȥ
ԼʵԼָоǰڲŸоһģһûϣûа취ҲŶ˼ˡ
ԼⲡҲѪǰ㣬ٽСͽ˵˵Ҳܶ꣬ҲСͽΪԼܡ
뵽ֽק½ȻűۣǱ۵ɲǸоĿЩңΪʲôȴһҲ֪ˣֻϵůѹеĻҡ
ԣСʦĲˣǾͻٽòãʱСʦȥĶͽȥԹ𣿡§š
۵Ļ˶ӣȻŹԹԵص˵ͷӦˡ
ž޵д͵͵§Żеš
Ƭ֮⴫Ůһ̾һŰɫȹŮ˽Ůӵ󻹸һŮƬ̺͵˴齱ϡ
ŮӿڴϵʱȻ˵
Ѽʦӷ֮ǰ鿴Сӵơ
ͽĿϣƼʱҲһ˿죬ֻĨƬ̺ʧˡ
ĨɫûƼȴƵҲʶüҪѯʿȴҲѹˣҲֻȷһݰˡ
ɽҲƽǰƼʱĲ죬ͺɽһ㣬бҪ飬ûڴʱ
վһҲֻǵ˵ͷȻ׼һȴŵÿٶ㵽ĻС
ҽԺεļҲεĻƣЩѾĥȥеϣַԼֵĲܻǾ֢뱻ˣΪҲ;Լȷһµ˾֢ˡ
ʶͿʼܣӸǲϵĻжţȻһֱҡͷȻǲ뱻
ŲԼ۲ѣĸıֶ֮ʹһɫѱ˵ϺţСʦ
Сʦҽֻǰ㿴Ѳ۵ģ𣿡
˵߸űеľŶƽˣܵٲЦŽԼķ
ֻȻƽ˿ȻǲѿÿÿжͻẦµ굽ĻУ˽˺һűȰסˡ
ԣͽڱţòã
ô§ֺ˺һǳǳӦǴʵĶֻúۣҲɽǲûˡ
ȻѾ˼£ֿӻ¾ûˣԼҲȲôԼȥ
һֱҪӱܵСشĻ̽ŵ˵
㲻ߡ
˵󿴵˵ͷԸѽ
뿪ĻʱֻûĿȴһֱ׷ߵϵȺеЦʱҲǳǳЦЦ
֮ע⵽ѾߵǰȻЩŵĽĿͶҪ˵ĻУһҲѼ飬ҲƣΪͺôԼԼ֪
ڿǰϣʱ뵽˰ְ赱ʱҲôԼԹԵڴϡ
Сӿɷˣ
ע⵽ľţ˵š
ɵĽԼˣڴ¶°ӣͷǳһĺۣʱѪ÷һǺÿ
һڱǰѶһŮԵЩȣֻǿͷûһ˿ɫҲͰ
վԭصѵȻûʲôɫһҽƹӶˣֽ̧һɫůڣůѵĶͷţ˺һů˱ˮĺ󾪣
в𾪣֮ܿסΣһ̾ͽǵů˳
Ȼԡ
ֶ̽ͬʱҲܻƿˮĺˣȷǾŻع˵
ʦСڵĲѾˣŵȷʵҪ㯻㯻黹Ҫʾѣͬˣѻ
˵ֽ֮һĿ֮뿪ˡ
Ѿ뿪Ƽһ԰׵ʱٽ˱˻УԼɢڵĺȻŽѸˡ
ûˣɽ㯻Ǿܻٽˡ
ḧıȻżĶţֱӦŵĶͷ
ʵ㯻龿ܲѹҲȷɽʱģȷˣֻΨһİ취ֻһζҪԣԼСʦһͬȥ˾Ϳԡ
֪ҪԼһͬȥ˵ͷЩ̰ĿڻУǵůġ
ڱƬ̺ϵĺҲɢˣۣƼǰīʱȡһа档
һ˺һ뵽Լ֮ǰͨһ£Ļǳǳز˲Цų˵
СͽȻٽҸһºòð
׵ȻҪڼôأ˵ɽô䣬ҪСͽһʲôԼҪ
Ȼǻؼ˵ɣʱʲôԣ
ͷ߶ţȴһƬЦ⣬Ц
СʦҪ˵ʲôôûٽܸңȻȴҲûǿԼˡ
ڻеֻҡҡͷȻ̧ľһǳǣŹԹԵصĻбۡ
ڲŲ˵
໥Ƭͷȴزʲôҽǰܵġ
ŽƼ˱һˣһ۵ģЦȻų˵
ϣͷǵôôأյľôᣬҵ۾Ŷҵ۾
˵۾һΨ²ҵģֺҲûᣬǽЦű
ڱ˵˻ĻУһų˵
̣˵ʲô
˵ֿܼüŪ۵ģЦֻԼôô棬ԼСͽڱô󵨣һϻϰëģ
ưأ
ֻ俴һ۲û𱸣֮ѯư䡣
أ֪Լ˴վŰ
˵Ϳ˵⣬Ҳſ˹ȥһ۾ͿſűߵưǸģЦ
ֿ֮ưСϱһŲŲСߵ˵ĸǰðȻ˵
ưʦ
˵˵һߺţɲҳˡ
ۿţ˵
ȥɽҽˣٻ
򵥵һɸưҪ˵ҲǾȥֻͻȻͲ鵽ԼˣҪǱҪʦţѵʦԼĳͷ
Ҫ
ưһ۰Ȼֿ˿ЩΪѵ˵
ʦ֪ˣɽȥ鲻̫ðɡ
ԭʲôģһǱĿŵһЩȻֱͦ˱˵
Ͼȥ
˵֮Ϳӳ޵
վһİܿӳȥֱӰʧ˲ŽĿϣƼǸɵģ̾һսĿϣɫ죬ʶ˵
ʦΪɽ⣿
˵־ò̫ܣϾɽţ粻ҲţʦҪȥ飬Ѳ⣿
뵽Ҳ⣬ܿΧĿⶼȾһ˿
ȫ֪ʲôֻǿĻаеīżֹ߶ţȫһû˵ģ
ԴԼϲСͽϲͺ͹ѩһԽԽ󣬵ֻžϲĲˣںüζǣÿζᱻ¡
һαµʱЩˣŰֱܵӣһվȥɾ˰ܡ
ܲǱĶ˸ĻǱˣǰ˭Ųס˳ȥȻ󻹹˵š
ǿǵŰ뿪ˣֽ˸Ȼѹ˱ϣЦų˵
ԣ֡
лҪ˵ϦСͽѾʾʾСʦãСʦͺûһÿ컹µ֡
Сͽʧ䣬Ҳûбֳһûյҹȥ
źûƼСʦ𷴶ƼһУҲСʦ׼˵ȥˣڿͷĶʱˡ
ֻδѵСʦͷȫ÷ųһģһ˫ķԼЦ
СʦЦؿ˵Сͽϲ
ȻȻ󣬴˴ʡһ֡
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67 
ڱͷɢǰīḧţüۼЦ⡣
ǳǳЦͬȾڵָʱ޵飬֮뵽㷴ģЩɻس˵
Сʦôˣôôˣ뵽ʲô𣿲˵ͽҲһ
˵󿴵ЦķҲЦڵƬ̺ҲûеȵشҲͲ˶§һͬ˱ͷ
ʱһɺҲһͬǵϣֽŸǹ˵Դֱһͬͷ쵲ȥ˷ŵ⡣
˽ؿһܹеů⣬䶼ϵů㣬ܺš
ͷǳǳغۼע⵽½°ļʶһĭȻɻĿ˵
СͽǶûˣ
˵󻹾Щ̾񶼲ɵƮţƮ֮Ȼ̲סĿ½ͷЩҪˡ
ǼζȶԼѺƻûйҪȴЩһǶá
ô죬Ѱ
ôˣ
ɻػű֮ƲƲ죬ԵЩá
֪ʣǰͦҶ˵ô˾Ȼûߣ
֮ٲͷԸȥǰͷǸװɵˣһ˫ҲΪŭȾ˺Σöȥ
ǺǺǡ
һʱǰȴЦЦͷŭˣԼ󻶲ɷȡЦ
ٲҪԶһ㣬ֻǻжͱѹŻԭλĿҲƮϣЦģƲƲ졣
ԣСʦʱ£Ȼͽ㣬
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ԭЩôʱĻҲһͷˮֻһ̱㿴ǰԼֿһЩԼҲ̧Ƭ̺бĴϮ֮ůӿ˿йԼࡣ
䲻ǵ΢ۿǰˣƼȾůЦʱʶۡ
ܿ죬޵ھʹ˼ǳ֧һǾĽק½󣬺ֻŲ١
˵ǺܿˣԺ̧ͷֿǲ˿ʱһ̲ͷȥˡ
СʦͷǧҪ˵°ڣȵָḧӣŻ˴Ĳ
ԭЩԵһͷ˾õɴۣҲʱɽ־ͿʼҶָסˣȻ󽹼س˵
ô죬Ҳûʲô취𣿡
СͽôôñˣֻԼſ˲ԡ
ЩãиŭǳǳЦЦ
ģͽƭģнСʦǺ˶û
ȾůĻĶߣȵϢʶ
˵˵źˡ
˵Ĵǣ֪нҲûôˣһ˫ľЦͷԼĺۼ
˺һΪӦòЩʲôЩʧʧ֮ȴܵϸָԼӣֱͦȻŲĿ⿴ǰˡ
ƼеЦʱҲ֪˵İæʲôˣûоﲻʷЩϲĽԴľѴ֮ЩѵѹԼڵǳ
һ˫ֹľϽ§ӣڴҲĶһͬζţǵЦƲסй¶˳ֻ¶ڱͷ˫ȴЩ޴ƶţ崫ǳǳܺ
Ƭ̺Ҳ֪ǱʲôǲѹƲͻʶҧľǳҧŵĿ֧֧شˡ
ܶģŸԵЩűЦ
ԼĪ֮˼ԽӻˣҲʼģ࣬ҲʱԼֵܺľͺѾǧ顣
ҲƲסĲһǰǳǳĺۼһĻ˹
ֻǲЩˣڿǰʱв˾š
ҡ
ԼҲɵˣͲ֪˵ʲôֻסݲȥǰˡ
ôҲû뵽ԼΪԼֱֶӾʲôˣһҲš
ɻϴ˫־ͱˣҲԼıǾµݣԼЦþˡ
ԭСʦôϲͽ֣
ЦȻŵͳ˵ɫ֣űԼվů֮һ㣬ҲʱƲסĲǰĺۼҲűˣʼˡ
ֿ֮˫Լ֮¿ס˫ȥߣȻ󾪺ų
׼׼̫ˣ׼
ıԼķӦŵˣΪԼֶͷţúܡ
¿Ŀ⣬ƼԼģʱ̫࣬ԼҲ֪Ϊʲô̫ˡ
еˮۿе͵͵ؿˣֻԼģ̫̫߳ˣǾƲס
ԲҲǹģô졤
һôеίԼѾϲСͽˣСͽϲԼĲ֪ôˡ
Լģ̫ˣСͽԼôĵһĻǿҲķŴ
һ˿޵𾢵ʱ˫ȴˣ֮Ҳ§űĻУůϢ޵ĸˡ
Сʦô࣬ͽģͽǿռСʦͽࡣ
ϸĵغŻеȴ֮⡣
֪СʦһҲ࣬СʦɾˣԼǸˣ͵СʦȾСʦģ֪СʦϲӻȾԼŶԡ
Լô໹ҪӵСʦ𣬼ʹȻᱻȻᱻԼҪСʦ𣬻ҪȾΪСʦԼˡ
ĻۣɢīȻСس˵
Ĳ𣿡
˵ͷЦ§ľȻԼݲī֮У˿ϵů㣬Ǹˡ
СͽҲ࣬ϲЩ¡
СͽŲְ࣬۵СͽôأһҲࡣ
뵽˵رŶߴ˯˹ȥ
һ˯úǰȿȴ˱һֱں˵ںҹʱ˼˼أ֮ǵŲ˯ҲΪʲô糿󱳵ԭ
˯ԺһҲ֪ԼҹķṦΰ֪ҲϣϲԼ˯
Ƭ̺Ҳˣһ۾ͿڱϵˣԺĻһ̧ͷҪһ簲ǡ
ˣѾưȥȡˣǳɽΣ
ŻһЦŽ˸˳Ƽ۵ľʱḧ۽ǣָͣ
ҲڣҲѹˣ̽˱
ֲֻŸͿ˻Ȼš
䰡
˵쵽ͷؿڣůܿͽƸůˡ
жԼ֪ģֻԼô̽Сͽͷôȴһ㷴ӦҲûУЩɻ̧ͷǰˣȻ˵
㲻𣿡
ͷˮ
§ЦЦȻ˵
ͽ嵱Ȼ䣬СʦӦúɡ
ǳǳĻڽʱȾЦ⣬Ҳͬʱ̽½ͷЩû
ϢȾϣ˶һ̾
䣡
˵߿ʼȻְ뽫ִԼ½󴦸ȥη˫־ͺǶһôûȥ
һ֮½󶼻¶ͷͷӡһǳһĺۼûȥעЩֵҪ
ĶЩˣ˽§˻Уһ˫Ҳ½ͷľȻЦ˵
СʦĲһҲ䡣
˵󻹹ŲһЩĴֵɪɪ
ֻ֮ܵѾԼů˳һȻʶ俿ĻЪϢ
Ҳʱ⴫ɻҪȥţԼҲֻǷ˸ĻУȻ˵
𣿡
֪˭Ҳֻѯˡ
֪ĲذţֻҲûгΪͷվŵ˲ư
лҪ˵Сһ飬ıĵˡ
СߵڶѾʼ׼ˣİҲдˣŸȺ﷢ΪʶҲûп̫ࡣ
СǰŸշͷи߾˵һҲҪдȻСҲҪд˵ǵġ
ĿŵֱӰҵĹˣҵʱˡ
ʾԺԲٷǶˣԼ̫ˣһοдն
ĺѹo(ini)o
ȻС棬ġϷ統С֡ϲСɰԼӸղѽȻһҲûϣo(ini)o
BUFFСְXǹ⻷NPC񱹥Ҷ
С糡1
ⱻҶջź
ĳĳĳŵӣҶյһӾǵһ¡
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⣺ҶǲǵһӾǵҳ
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С糡2
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⣺ҶݿԳˣѾԵˡ
ҶԺС
ĳĳĳŵӣҶ˫깷


68 
ྡ
صĵŴһһͷ㴫
ʦҼλǰȥƹ
Ů⴫˵ڣĻԼ˼˻ȻŽԴľѴš
ЩȥǸʲôƹɽ˵εĿ־壬뿪ߵûУܾԼֻҪ뿪ԺҲˡ
̫䣬ڱϵҲȻѯš
ôˣ
˵ֽбһЩ
Ŷߴѯ˶ӽԴȫĻУƬ̺૵Ӧţǻȴǰ䶼ûС
Ƭ֮ŮѾʧˣԵЩķ˿аžǲԸ
Сʦôˣͽ˵˵
ģЩ²͸ˣдһЩָĺԽ˲ԼľѴȻѯš
ǻٽòãҲϲ
д˵͵͵Ѿû˷ŵеֻȾڴڴŻٽ
ָ۽ǣŻеΪԼḧۡ
ԼҲСʦٽȥСʦڵѾӳ˸ɣձض֮֡
뵽һξܾҪ󣬿ȴҲ˵̫ǿӲֻСغš
СʦӺˣϾͻٽ󣬺òã
˵֮ḧıţֱе˽ľһǳǡ
ڱͷһȻЩʧ䣬Ҳû˵ʲôǹԹԵص˵ͷ
ͷ̧֮ǰˣڿͷůʱЦſ˵
˵һܱá
˵̧֮ͷҲͬʱЦˣЦ졣
ԼĪƬ֮ЦͣˣҲһ˿΢Լ˹ɵ˿ǰԼһͬϷࡣ
ǳãע⵽Լӱ§ϣۿԼµ˶ЦҲͬʱ󱳴ȵĴУǵظҲȾһ˿ů⡣
ҲʱǴӴתƵ˾ϣҲʶ̧ͷĶǳǳصѱ⿪ʱѾܹܵ˴⣬ֻǵһжѾ˼µʱȴͣ˶
֮ǰůʧ˾ϵǶʧˣЩɻصͷȾҪԼ/ȴͣ˶Щܡ
ĲҪ𣿡
֪Լ仰˵ĺ߳ܣҲʲôףΪĺСͽһͬࡣ
Դ֪ԼϲСͽʱ޿̶Сͽһͬ٣Ҫϲ¾ǺθܣҪСͽ
ҪҲǿϣÿζֻװſģСͽСͽҲ֪Ǳʲôʩǲϣζ뽫Դƣǲ㶺ˡ
ԣòã
һĿдűյƲͷţǲá
ɲ֮Щ᲻ԼСͽҲͷˣſĻаĿš
ڴһڴ齱ϣԼѵЦ֮ע⵽ǰ˶˳Ŀһͬ˹ȥԼĽԼЬ̧࣬ŷŵѴȡů
Ļкֺߺس˵
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װȻСͽװ
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ߵƹǰʱֻſӣƼ̨µתƿ˵ţȻֺһࡣ
ܿ죬˾Ѿ˵ڣͷִһ顪ľ죬ʶͷȥŷֵѾˣͷһ󾪻Ҳ£һЩ
ҲʱվͥɽҲע⵽˵ĵתĿһϣƬ̺Цų˵
СӽյɫѾ࣬ǡ
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⾪ҲֻǳƬסȻ˵Ŀ֮ٴγ˵
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ĵĻɽ׿ϲϽ㯻飬ǲϽҲֱӶߣǿϧ˻ɽ³ޡ
һ뵽Ϊǽ˳Ҳν
ɽĻתȻЦŻ˻֣һ̾ͼƽ̨һ޴ѩѩ˵ǰѩͣ¶ƼĴһɢ΢ӣӱɽ㯻顣
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Ļ˵Ӿͱ§ĻУǰů㣬Цḧī
ûµģֻʮնѣܿ͹ȥˣֻҪһֱҾͺˣһ˻Ầ¡
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Сʦͽһֱ㣬ȹʮͽʹٽ󡣡
Ҵµķֻ˳ǷСš

վԭصɽѽе㯻ļ
ԭҲһգԭЦôÿ


69 
ƹڴ˺һų˵ţ뿪ʱƼߵĵ̨ס
ŲԶ̨ͤ¥Ƭֽ̺Ŀϣһ§ľıϣ͵͵Ц
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·Ӿʱɽͷע⵽ǿĿľ壬ЩĿʵЩãŭ֮ҧĲӣͷҧһǳǳĺۼ
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Լµӡǣֻϲͺ˶Լһ㣬ϲĲˡ
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˵ͿʼԹԽϣ˺üȦŰЩСڷͷЩƲˡ
ҡΣͷͻᴫܺ
ǲǺܺ
ö̧ͷڿģգǽĻ˻
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뵽ܲϲԼЩʧ䣬ÿµʱɺˣСͽôϲء
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Сʦͽĺܸˡ
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СͽҺԽԽϲˡ
лҪ˵֮Ӧö˫o(ini)o


70 
ڵò˯˹ȥֱڶ峿ͷŽ˻ˡ
ʱͷ춼δ˯һҪҲֻùԹԵڴ齱Լѡ
Ϊʵ̫ˣѴһ§ľ춼ز
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ΪʲôôҪȥ
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71 
ĻУӱͷΨ˫¶ͷѩԲĽֺţǺÿ
ۿǰѩɫ˫ЩԼʱĶҲˣֻǵůһ˿ġ
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һ˵һͣˣֻΪӵϢʵ̫𺳣ϱֻøȥһ
ʲô
żһֻ˵һͲ˵ˣͷȾ˲ã˵š


72 
ʲô
żһԶֹͷȾ⡣
վԭصļһǰͷƬ̺ſ˵
ʦ˵Сǧǰʦ֮ʦź󣬹ʦԼûӣȥӣʽ˰ڣ׼ӹʮ¯Ϊͷûл޷ɳһֱʦػҲ֪ǽ˵ĻǷ˽ȥſʼɳ
Ϣ̫𾪼һõʱ򲢲ţ˴˵ȻǸ췽ҹ̷ʲôǷϵģôܻǹʦӡ
˵Сʦʦģ
żһĻ㱨Ц
ӵʦ֮ȷʵܽΪλˣ⻹˲찡
ϷŽȥǸӦþǵһɱԼˣ˵ڶҲŶԣΪʲôͻȻ˸أ
Щɻ󣬿ԼΪλ²͸Ҳ͸벻͸Щˣ֪˭ģµֻСʦ
֮Ǿʮ֪ԼСʦڹһ¾ʮˣЩɽΪ°ɡ
ʶǵ뷨Ⱦһ˿Ƭ̺ų˵
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ôţ
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ЩԺ̧ͷȻЦȾһ˿ɫָգȻ˵
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СͽҪ𣿡
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ԣͽأͽ
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Сͽ㲻ҪߣҪ뿪ҺòãһܹԵġ
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ˡ
§ļͷָܵµĹʱԼСʦȻˣвۡ
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ԣһҲСʦЩ࣬һҲ롣


73 
Ϊѹڵɽ㯻ΪҽΣȴҪΪܹ֮ʹʮա
ʮһͻᱻȫѹƣǹ֮ʹȴһձһʹʮյʱƵûǣֻںϵ
ԭΪٰձܽѹƣڵʮһյʱڵȴΪֱԪӤڣֻһͻơ

ҽں齱һѪѪ˳ź˵棬Ⱦڵѡ
¹֮ΪĿڴʹɻص˺ϣֻϵ˻԰ףĺֻҪһͻѡ
ȴǰʮչ֮ʹվڱϵҽš
Ҳʱͷ˽Ųɽߵ˺齱ߣڴǸʹʱü
ôδ˵ʮվͿԿʦѾˣǻܽˣʦͻᶯˡ
Žʵˣɽͷûһ˿ͬЩá
ŶѾʮӾδͷ˾Ȼţһռӡ
ҲҶ֣һˣȷʦܲصӣڹʦ֮ǰͷǸ
ֻȻЩõȴֺϲãΪŹʦѾǧˣŹʦźͱʧֻ˹ʦ֮㯻顣
ԭΪʦزˣȴû뵽ݾȻԼ͹ˣԼǿ˼󣬲ֻҪʦܻʲôҪ
ʦܽ㻽ˡ
վһҽҲ֪ɽѵĽ˳Ŀһͬ˴ϱˣȻ˵
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˵֮ҽ㶯ٴδ߶㯻飬㯻ͷĺֱӿתȫʼϵس鴤š
ȡȡ
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ǰֻûһƬ˫Ҳ˻ɢ԰׵ָⲻϵץűͷһѪۣĿġ
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ȻСǰԤ漸¸ܡ


74 
ԼԽԽԶӰԼѾģȴȻܹע⵽ʱӦЦںԼҲʱ
һƬңҵΪԼⷬ뿪ҲԼСͽˣں£µ˫ֶʼ
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ȾЦĻֿվͷλ磬ǶЦ⣬ע⵽ͷŵҰã֪ӦþɽµԻһ
ǵĿ֮СΪ˫ڻѩͷ̫ˣΪʹЩˤڼʱҦסûʲô¡
ֻƼԼֱ۱ҦʱʶͽԼ˻ԵЩС
ҦջȥֲûһЩȻЦſ˵
аɣ߰ɣһ˿ɾͲˡ
֮˱תǰͷȥ
վڿµһȻֿ˿Լеӣ̧ȥ
ѩЩɽּЩҲû̫⡣
ɫ˵ֻûѿ΢ܺҪѩ֮ˡ
ֻǱȥߣֱý࣬һʱѾ۵ǰ裬ɫǲҰһƬζЩιȥ
ǰͷҦƺǷһתͷȻŵǵ˵
û°ɣǶˣȻҸ米һ̰ɡ
˵űҪȥ֮ǰһȻ㿪ˣֻЦҡҡͷҦ̾Լ米һ̵İ취
ɿģȻǵǵü˵
̣һ͵ˣȵǵסѰơ
֮һͬš
Ƭ̣ͷѾһƬڰΧǴˡķЩˣžЩš
ߣҲ¶ŵģ»ᱻ֪Լͷ뷨
Ҳʱǰͷ˻⣬Ҧഫˡ
˵ˡ
˵֮䣬˾͵һտѩ֮УǶˣǴΧŵĻѴġ
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Ҧ˵žӭȥЩתͷ˹ҲͬʱĿϡ
ڵҹɫ֮£ûǵĿ⣬ȻЩʡ
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75 
Ҧѹ׮ӱʱ̧ܣһϮɫۣŸЩӢ
ֻģЩϤֻ˺һҲûֻŷԭؾԼĴڸС
Ѵˡžůɢϵĺ⣬Щĵһ
ãûжǲ֪СͽʲôʱŻҡ
뵽ȼյĻѱǰͷм뿪ԭҲûз֡
µļ˻һۣһӲŪһ֮˿ڡ
СǴĶѽɽҰֵôһˣ
˵ִӱϵİͷȡһ鲩ݵǰͷȾЦ⣬űǺܺദģ
ֻѾĽǿ鲩ûһ˿ʳ˶ݹ˳òǽˣЦŵ˵ͷʾл⡣
СĪ£ǶԻļҲûԲɽѰѰԵģýǳˣȻСһѩͷ¶Ųˡ
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ԭλҲֻǹԹԵ˵㲢ûп˵
Ҳʱ뿪ҦˣͷһðŰ̵ߵϺݵǰ
ǷȥģһˣȺůůӡ
˵֮һĶ
Ҳ˶ԼӦǶͻȻʶҪôرϡҲûгҪôϣԼȥ
뵽ʶ㿴еķȾŵ⣬Ƭ̡
֮æ䵲˷ɿĿȴɫֻ֪ͷʲôҲҲҳѯʣСؽŵһڣȴûкȡ
Ȼװű̵ģæƿˣü˲ɵü
ڱϵҦһˣҡҡͷŽĿ˻Ц˵
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дһ˿Ǹ⣬ͺǰͷǱѩˣһ㣬ΪԼ̫ˡ
Ҫ̸Ժб㸡ֳǾ˭ĻҪţܿҪڵͷСصλϡ
ѩϵҲƮѩ֮һЩȥȣʶǸ֪˵ĻǼ٣ҲðȥЩ
ͷĺȻЩͷů㰲ô¡
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ҹɫ֮¾ͼ˳ſΧŻ˵ƽȤ£ҲһƬ͡
ڽеֻȴһУֻȫͷܾԼƻĻһ㣬ʲô£ʲôõġ
ֻһˣһڣҲڣҲڣʲôʲôҲ˵ǵݹĶҲҳԣôԹԵԭء
īɫĳɢѩ֮ϣһЩѾѩ񣬺Ǻÿ
Զ뽻̸ҹŽͣЪˣڽпǻȼյĻѳ񣬺һ̧ʡ
źڰûһ˿ҹգҲûеȵѰԼЩģ¡
ɵҲûãԼƽʱĻʲôˣ߼·۵ôͣԼûð
ĵķȡ˳ɢ΢ķҲͬʱѩͷ˯ļˣŶߴĴ
ֹһƼ˹ľ׮֮ϵѣҫ·ģʱͻȻԼںδˣв𾪡
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ܿ죬ƼЩɽˣЩŵˣЩҲŵˣҲҪɽġ
뵽Щŵת˸ȻСı׼
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ǣϴŵ໨ѣݾֻʦһΪʦ⽫һûʲôϵ˴𣿡
ô죿
ƭȥѰʱҾ˷Ӷ֣ʲôڻƲֻܻȥʦˡ

͵͵ػž֮ԵøǵĻ˫ˣĽŲٱۣ˫ֽקûΪֶ
ҲʱٴСͽԼͳȥʱ˵Ļ˭Ҫš
ԭΪ
ǽŲԼĶߣִһ΢磬֪վˣѣһҴ
뺦ռֱ뿪ˣһ
ûѣ벻һЩɽȻҪҵˣɱЩ˶ˡ
ǳǳˣлЦ⣬ıȥһЩ
ǿɲҺɽǰͷϢʦɽɱķͷĵʤҪȥҲûüһͬɽ
ǻǣûɽǸˣŵƼ˻
֮ĶԻĶУǿеʦͷȾˮۣѵָⶼ˰Ρ
Сͽ
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ΪʲôҪɱСͽѵǳţǳŲڲ Ϊʲô
ץҾҪȥҪЮСͽ𣿲УУԲС
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ֹһΧٴһƬžСǰͷҹɫ֮µ֣קѱ㳯ͷȥ
ͷĻѩڼα֮жΪѩ˵˵棬мػײѩͷʯ飬۵һ
ۡ
ѾѪˮϥǣСҪȥɲϾʹĵۣ۵ԽӻĻˡ
ǰֻҪһۣԼСͽͻὫԼ§ڻкţԼȴûˣͷȾһ˿ѹ
뵽СͽɽͷԼҲҪǵͷӳȥԲܱǵҪЮСͽĹߡ
ţ㳯ǰͷȥ
ҲʱͷȥͼԶ˻⾪Ҽԭͣһ̲ͣĳȥ
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ȡ
ײ۵סĿڣúһһѪӿ˳ѩϡ
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ոշˣһ⸽ңԲˡ
죡
ɽͷŭ˵ɽµűü
һ̳ӱ㳯ǰͷȥеķļ˫ȾžŲϵš
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жӾͱҦקסѹѩ֮Уһ˫Ⱦžֿѹϵˣӿʼϵɺܿͱǯѹѩ֮С
ܰ
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ſңǸҶҶ֣ͽԲŹģԲᣡ
Ļˣ˰ԼСͽ⣬ǲ֪˵ʲôˡ
ӱѹˣҪܾ͸ǲˣ˵ȾŲµ
ʦҲǣ㱻ʦͳ㻹֪ɣʦһģԪ񶼱ˣ
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Ǽ򵥵ĸĶоǵһ㣬۵ĿںƱ˺ˣҪţ˱ǯȴˡ
ģģԲģ
Сͽеǣǹ⻷ԲܻģԲᣡ
ܣԲܣƭҵģСͽԲƭң
ĺҦ˫Ǻ⣬ţһҲԸţôܻģԲܻԲܣ
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ͻȻԼףеĺ⽥Ϊ˾ʹ⡣
ܣܣƭңģᣡ
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76 
֮дغֻʹĵؽȴûΧΧļӶݣĿԽ񣬺ŵ˱ôԴ
ҲʱһǳǳػȾЦ⣬üһ
ĸҪ˵ʦˣ
ͷȥƼվѩͷʱв𾪣ϼŻѵĵΪֶȥ
ԭڵĵӰɲӵͦ󡣡
ûںڰе˵žЦƬ̧̺˺ڰߵ˼˵ǰīɫĳǽЩңɫڵ棬˫ͷȾ⣬Ƶüٴȥ
ѹϵҦӭİܣвʶȥʱʦҲҲãٽеǸ֣ܱ֮һ
֮ҪɲжͼһöȾϮľϡ
Ƭ֮䣬ҦȫºƱʲôҧһ۵ʼ鴤ţһ˫в˾֡

͵͵ʹҦٵѩأ˳ſֲɫƬ̺ûϢ
ΧڱϵļӼ״Ҫ룬԰ܵѹʹһ˿С
ɱǣɱǣʲôûʲôû
һǱˣһ˫һ͹˵ϣ״Ҧ˵ʲôǲϵģðüһ塣
ĵЩܱǲǣֻ뵽Լ˱Ȼ˵

˵ǰ˼ЩǾ䲻һ˿ǿˣѩҵĽŲƬ֮Ҳʧˡ
Żʧ󣬰ǰһֻǸʹüվԭغһŸߵıϡ
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һĻ󾪣


77 
˷֮ӭϮڶӣҲʱŷԭûѩ֮еĵӲֻǰͷǳ˵ˣԭΧˡ
ʱֻӱſڰ֮зתƬ̣߸һתƼǰһ󾪻֮¿ѩ֮С
Ҳͬʱ˼ӵϴһ󡰰ҽеĵӿٵȥ
Сʦͷ
ƵŰܵĻһ˿ǿٵͷҲɲǼֻú󾱴һ磬Ҳ֪ʲôˡ
عֱſٶһӵĽУֻ̧ӵؿڣһֱ̱ˤ˵³һѪǻǳֳİݣ߹Ǳض߶ˡ
Ƭ̺ΧµĵԽԽ࣬˵ǰҲֻʣһӣܼ״ﴽЦһֱ̧ȥ̴˵üġ
е˵ɴ˫Ǿ֣һֱ㶵ˤ˵ûϢ
ڵﹷǲ
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˾۾ʱǰͷһӰǸͻȻֵһ
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ʱʵǺܺ£ɿ˲ûʲôȥ˲Щ˽䱸Ȼ˵š
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һƽ̨ʱǾͿصʬĴѪˮƽ̨ϵʬʤͺƶѻĶһ㣬ǵɴ۲ڶˡ
Ҫ룬תʱͷֻһ汻ѪȾǽ岢ûǷ·ͺƾʧһ㡣
·أŲǴ·أ
ˣ˿ٱǽߣǶѪʬ֮ﻹʲô·
Ҳʱʱǽѣٻ˹ȥֽ⿪ɫĶ¶ò
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ʱ翴ɫĳֿӡŵѪɫƴ󾪣
ƣʦ
·ŵѣɱ˲գ۵ʦ
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ʱеľֶ֣һֿǰͷ˵˵ͷӶʼ
˭ɱŵӵʦģҲֻ֪ʦΪѪɫƣȴû˸ǹʦ㾫¾
֪Բ֮оͷ˾裬ҲԲô޴ľ͸֮С
ǴʱǾΰûڶް취ˣΪǴʱվŵĵط֮˵ʬС
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˿ͻȻ˵ʱԭأȻعʱǾ֡
ɱ
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ЦڳֻǰɫӰʬ֮л˳ÿһŲЩ֮ϣÿһͷѵһʻ
ںһҲںԼ˫Ⱦ˶ѪɱеںΪЩ˶
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ڵĵӣҲˣһܸ˵ġ
˵֮ͼ̧֣һ̾ͿԶĹ̨ϳһʦĹǺǾ߹ǺζžͺڻӦĻһ
վԭصҲĶ½Ŀ˹̨ϣҲʱǷǹ̨ŵʬֻһߣϻɰǧߣǵѽǸ߽׵ʦϣǾƮʬŵǰŵǰɽʱŵѡ
ȻڹѾЩƾȾѪΪӵȴȻһ۾˳û뵽һټģ
ʱʶʬ֮еʬԭǰɽݵӣͨӵʬȫĶڵţЩ߽׵ʦʬȴǶͺƹһ㡣
͵ĳʦ֮벻˭ˣѪ֮ټȴǰ׹ʬ
ǱͲˣúġ
ǸֵģڴЦЦƬ̺ת뿪⴦ʬ֮УķвЦͺǼ˸һ㣬Ǽˡ
Ҳ뿪֮ʬдĲҽԼѪû֪ͷʲôɴӲҽ֮Ҳǵľ뺦¡
վԭЩҽ鼫ãָĴ꣬һų˵
ȥѰĸأ
˵̤֮Ųûںڰе޹ȥĲɫķ˸ŵ΢⡣
ʦлΪ࣬ºƽΪ֮


81 
ڹ֮Уžҹɫֻ֮һĨѩɫӰͷţЩԩʱٶ㵽˽УֻŻĮ
ûЩǻԼ޹ƿŵʱܵϢӭڰ޵û˵ȥҲû
ſϵҲʱ΢΢£һЩƬ̺㲽˵ͷɫķ˿Ķǰ
ǣˣǸ˲
ͷİЩȤϣֱȥƵȥݸȥߡ
ˣԭѾȥˣʱѾ֮ˡ
ǼʹѾȥôȻܹǰ飬ôʹôıôľ
ʱΪԼѾˣû뵽ȼյʱ򱾸ɢȥĻȴȫ£ˣǧǰԼµֻӡֻڳɹԼеļԼı
ԭԼͲʲôԼ֮Ļ࣬ɼʹԼȴҲδɱһƽ񣬷ЩǧǰԼŵǰԼǿЦ
عһŶʲôʲôħЩԼ˲ħһе˶ɱˣǵĹǺȫʬС
Щ˶ԼǧǰûֻӡԼˣ˾ʲôûˡ
̧Լƿǰ𪾫µָ⣬˫ֺƿѪһЦ
ֻЦ֮ȴȫǿɬЩԹЩվȲһɱĻ
ʱȥˡ
˵Ȼ޵ȥǸѾ겻̤ĵط
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ͷŵǺˣԼֽͷĥ˽һŽ̤ˡ
ʱһֱԼ𣿲ֻÿһĥʹĶԼԸˣɽȴûһ˿ڸġ
ſڵ̴ڿʱȻ˵һࡣ
ûǶԹߵűվţͷһһҵĲҽʱĿڵλ۵ܡ
һʹĺһĺǼĵһδλĿˣԭΪԼôҲ˶˵ĸ飬ȴû뵽ûԽӵ̰ˡ
ˣ
׼Žȥʱȴǵŷ̵üһ̱عͷ
̨վһźµӣֻĿȫǶģǹӶĸֱӸķУƬ̺˵
θɣ˭ģ
˵֮ҪŽȥŻδƿȴֿ˿ڡ
ʦԴһɱ˶ķŲ£ο콣ʦɱءİĽ㣬ɹʦȴҰٰ񣬻ǿЦ
ǵͳд޵ĲʣЩĶȴֻжģǾ䰮Ľʱˡ
ȥƣһֱ˸УڹŵʱƼͷǹʱʶ˵ڣһֽĿƵϣȻ˵
ƣԹĻ֮λ㲻Ҫλˣժˣ붯ͷ˱ȽˣڿԹˣ
̨µһȣһ̷һӿٽ˶˸⣬֮ͷ
ź˲ͷһƬڰǵѪζʹǵЩϢȻ˽ȥ
˼֮ߴϸ֮Ǽĺ֮ǰЩҽѾͣеֻǾĿ
СʦСʦĶ
ǰһЩȻͿĵһŰµͷţ˫˳Ѫգľǲ˺ۣЩ˺ȫʱµĺۼĿġ
СʦͽˣСʦĶ
ϵ˳ͷһЩȻʵˣ˵ֲϵžͺѰʲôһ㣬ǰһȾѪɴ
ɴʶۣԼҲԼڵģֻǰģôȻѪ
ԭƬ̺ųŵϵ˹ȥԼĪƬ̺͵˵ǰȾѪգǱģЦš
Сʦ£ͽˡ
仰еԽˡ
ң
ɱҵģһĶ㣬ȴҪҵһ㻹Ǻõúܰ
ٵ˵ϵˣסʹ̧ͷᵽǵůʱв
ů㣬ůǶҩһ
ԼһЩ˫һ޴ģЦĶȻ˵
СʦѾˣɽˣ𣿡
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ڱԭصǸѾûշģеԽ䣬һ̧ȱֱߵײ˴齱ϣײڴؿڵϿʼѪԼӦʹûͲ
Լץʱҹĥҹͣĥֻĥ˲ȥԼеĸ顣
Ѿ˶ƷΪʲôԼĸһҲûȥԽˣԸԼûи飬пܻűˣǸеˡ
ĺɱǲãΪԼĺϲϲĿҪˡ
һСʦŭѣһ̷һӽקԼָ£ľ
˵ˣСʦѾˣɽˣɽˣ
ŭ˵ţָµҲԽΪܺʹģЦ
Цֽ֮ض˵ϣڵģһŲıѹ˵ϣΪʹ³Ѫôһ˿ʹ죬ʹ֮ʴǰʹ
֪Լ֪ôԼҪĥҪԼĹУҪһһֻܱԼ衣
ע⵽Ѫḧݣḧ߱ԼӣƬ̺һƷ˿ȻЦ˵
㲻֪Ѿ㲻ÿնôɱѵ㶼֪ʱж຦֪Ĳʱж𣿡
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СʦĶСʦ𡣡
ʹĺٴδˣͣѰСʦ𣬿ѰѰôѰ
ҪȥԼСʦ֪СʦһһẦ£Ҫȥ
ĶûСʦĶûС
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ʶѩ֮УصĺԼѪΧŵӣÿ˶žֵѩ֮еλá
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СʦͽѰˡ
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СʦǲǺۣͽˣͽˣ¡
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Сʦ𣡲ҪҪ
޺ˣ˵ѩнǿűͷ­ȾѪӷһſڻС
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һֿĶֱӼûһ˿˼شԼѴʮ֮ȻûȻֻܿԼСʦԼǰ
ǽСʦ𻹸ңңҪɱɱңҪɱҵСʦǣǣ
ž˵ϣһ̸ǲϵѩ֮пͷϵؿͷͷ
ЩûĻ˻֮Уڻ֮ѰСʦ𣬿ĶûС
СʦĶͽˡ
ɫӰϵڻ֮ѰңѰǸŵ˾ôҲ
ֻҪһ뵽һ˻Ầ£뵽ôĻһۣ絶
ͽˣСʦĶ
ϵڻ֮ţӣȴƸܲһ˿ʹһͷججѰš
Ҳʱߴˡһ죬תѭ˹ȥȵ˵طǿűӵĻеľˡ
ǿԼָСʦϵĻ飬յֻʣһӣĹ˵ϼǿɢ΢Ļ飬һˮ
СʦͽȥͽĴСʦĶͽĴˡ
ˣһɽСʦͳȥˣǵûнͳȥǾҲСʦһԼСʦǶѰˡ
СʦͽˣͽĴĶ


82 
еĻڻУԴԴϵĴ۽ǻ£ǿŻͷ
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Ϥ໨ѣԼΪϵѣ֪ԼСʦЩ˵˹ȥȻ§˻С
Ż˴˵ű㵽ǰɿȾѪ˫ʱ۵ȥ
۲ۣǲǺۣͽĴͽӦЩͽĴ
˵㽫˱˻Уذıš
һǾ仰ǾĻǾѾ˲֪ٴεĻ
ҪɱҺòãСͽĺú¡
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ǰˣǸű˫ԼСʦ֪˭Ҳ֪ΪʲôԼ񣬿֪ҪɱԼСʦ
ȥ˼ʲôǹڵϲϵؿͷȾųʹĺ䴫
㲻ҪɱҵСʦòã㣬󡤡
Ļδ˵꣬Ϳˣһ̱ѪˮڵϿ޳
ΪʲôҪɱҵСʦɱҰɱҰΪʲôҪɱҵСʦˣСʦСʦ𣡡
˵ͷ­ϣֽ˻Уˮ
ΪʲôҪңΪʲôɱ˵ңɱô˵ɣСʦʲô֪ȴ˵ħΪʲôҪɱΪʲôҪңˣΪʲôҪ
˺İؿ޺ϵشǿȾѪͷ­޵ѪٴȾҲ˾رСʦ
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ڵĵڲϵشħź˺İʹڵзţվһŵϵĿڵλ۵
֪ʶһֻһյ龰ĿȻ۵ҲûȥϵˣֻΪɱԼֻ֪Ϊζħ
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һûбȥΪʶһֱڻ֮УԼСʦճ˻ҽһ㶼Ѱ


83 
ڵĲҽԴԴϵشҩʦŴץ½ˣΪʹʼŻѪв˳ʹ
ݵһĽڣΪһѾ˵˽Լĥһˣû˫Ŀ˫ȶˣǶ÷ħˡ
СѾˣʦĥԼǺαء
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С֪ʦĥԼΰǻȪ·ȥֻء
ڴϵҩʦⷬͻȻ˫ֽקԼ½һ۽ǱѪỺ
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뿪󣬵һƬžڴϵҲʱڴѰʲô
Сʦ𡣡
͵͵ỽˣϵλãǶӦСʦ𣬿Ѱ˰춼ûѰˡ
ҲʱԼСʦѾˣĿڵλ÷·˺һʹ˴ϣʹϵôԼĿڣͺֻôһ㡣
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ʹϵشһѪˮ˳ĺӿ˳ֱ˱ͷһ˲㽫Ⱦˡ
ĶͽѰˣͽ㡣
ĺСʦĺ룬ҲˣͺǰһҲˡ
뵽ڱͷ͵͵ؿ޳еֻʣѪᣬÿһѪᶼİ
žĸڳĿֻйϵˣÿһôı䡣
˸ҩʦԺͷǰСӳһģһ˵֪˲ֻݵħͷʦ
ȻɱʦֻһҩʦˣݵŶһ˵УԼһҩʦҪɱ
վһҩʦģţ֪ҩʦҪɱԼֻǲְˡ
֮ڴʹ˻üںڰеĸһŲҩʦȻ˵
ôˣ
˵ע⵽ҩʦȾѪˮ֪ЩѪˮģн˲á
ϲϲκζմȾ˵ϣһѪüʡ
ԼģԼĥҲԼģеĶԼġ
ţеĲñˣһֱ̧㽫ҩʦճ˻ҽǱ紵ɢĻҽž࣬Լ˭Ҳٽ˶
ҩʦֻվԭغŲûп˵ȥҲûг
ߣԺñƼһ˿ĺۼͷһΪ
˵תԺӣƬ̺Ѿ˵ǰҲʱһ˺İĺҪŽȥָȴͣ˵ͷ춼ûж
ԭվ˺һջ֣ǹһĨɬЦ׼뿪
Ÿߵ̨£ͷһСʦ𣬶ÿһþеʹ࣬ķħ
תţҲһ̿ڣŵɲǼ䣬ˮεһεξķһ㡣
ˮ֮ʹڴϵˣ첽˹ȥ
ֻǲŸߵ齱ϣƼȾѪиǲѪζһ˿ʹ
֪ÿһҩʦΪϸɾѣŻѾֱѪˮȾˣѪˮδͣ»ڲϵ
𣿡
ʶڴϣȥѪĿڣҪǶΪʲôѪ
ͷûκοԲеĶҲԼˣԲܻô˲ǣǶѪˮȴͣҪȫѪһ㡣
ֿҪ½ʱȴקסˣһ̴˵͵͵ỽԼ֣ͷ𾪡
㻽ʲô
̫ˣʶ㿪˿ڡ
Ѿû˵ĻΪԼƵ˵ˣÿǾСʦʲôˡ
ȴԼ֣ǰᣬǰϤ
ֻһڴϵȴûٿˣʹҲֻǾСʦ
ŷħ˲ɵõЦţԼǷֻǼ򵥵һҪͷ
һ뵽Ժһ𣬻Ȣˣ㼵ʵʵҪɱЩˡ
㲻ϲҵ𣿳֮ˣԲɱ𣿡
˵Ȣҵ㣬˵ɱҵҲ㣬Сͽ㾿Ҫô죬ƭҶˣȴĵĸһ
ҲãԶȥűˣԹԴҵߣҾͲɱ㡣
ּطЩɿݵīΪµѪᣬСĽȥˣַȥ
ڵɲǼ䣬ѪζӿĿУ֪ҧѪˮ֪ڿԼںһҲں
Сʦ𣿡
ħ֮ʣȴ˵͵͵ͷһ˿Ц⡣
ڲ̧֮ͷҲһӱ㱻ϣʶַסһЩ
ֻȺע⵽ʱȾѪϹһĨǳЦǳЦָȥ
ˣԭ˻ǻԼЦɽűĿ⿴ԼԭǻԼЦ
ָϸϸḧӣѪˮȾָҲûͣ£ôš
£ͽˣͽˡ
ǾͽˣԼͳȥһգҲô˵ŻԼ
ǰˣʶĻУ䶼ǵůԼѪζȻѪζЩϲůȴϲġ
Ҳͬʱһ˫§סıű㿿ľѴҲľðűۡ
ԭ˵Ļůĺů
ܵϴ¶ȣǳǳЦ
Сͽ
Сʦ£ͽڡ
ٴδˣűϵĴУʶ˵ͷ
Ȼ֪˶ƭԼģ̲סű֯ڣҪ٣ҪԶĻ֡
룬ôһΰɣһξͺá
Сͽĺϲ㡣
ҲΪĻǳЦḧ֮˯˹ȥȫǵ͵͵
ž޵ڴɴƮŻеţ͵͵غţСʦ
ָקѣüͷҲḧɿˣѾкܾû㰲˯ˣѾܾˡ
Դǰɽ֮Ҳû㰲˯ÿز˯ϰʱͻ֮Ҳ˯ˣֻ޵һ˳
ǿĻ̫ݣһ˯˵ڶʱֻƮɴʶֱҪȥˡ
Ѱһŷֱڱϵȴˣ֮¿Ĵţڵ濴ǸЩˡ
ڵϻţ˫ΪжȾĳϲѪ
ַ
뵽˴ߵıϣע⵽Ŷҧţʶ鿴š
ڳʲô
ָĲȾѪˮī۵˶ҲʱԵĶһֻѾ˵
ֻ˾ʶ㿴棬ͷĲ͵㷹˽𣬿ɼһҲûж
ȻֽĿ˻ϣȥȡֻֻѪܵճ˻ҽḧȾѪĴ˵
ϰ˸㣬Ϊʲôԣ
ȻÿնظɽһգȴҲнŵʱճŵʱ
ʹǷħˣҲʲôóʲôóҲ֪ɣǸͰϣѰζҲȡ
Żججˣֱ̧㽫еĸȡ˹ݵֱߣȻ˵

˵ȡһ׼ιĿУֻǸ㻹δڣƼֽЩ㶼˹ͳͳص˻С
ģǲ⣬ֻһ֪ˣв𾪣βȵ˵ϡ


84 
ŵӵƬ̣һ̵ӱ˳ָ˵ϴˡĴ졣
㷽˵ʲô
ڲظָľ§űԼǰȾѪɴЩ۵ḧš
㷽˵ʲô˵һ飬òã
Ȼ֪еĻƭԼģҪÿһ仰
§ŵԼؿڣЩ㶼صʵʵģָ˳㵽˽С
ҪŸСʦСʦϲġ
ЩǽǣȾѪָСػԼѣš
һСʦϲĴʹģΪ˸ͲȥסԼϲʲôҲȥסԼϲʲôȴû뵽Ѿ˾Լϲġ
ԭؿǸŵˣɵñЦ͵͵Цڸڻصš
ȻңΪʲôҪɱңΪʲô
һҲ˿ڿ˵ϲԼȴɱԼһ˿ԥûС
뵽ʱ˫޲ýˣͻԼ
ҲͷһѾӵס˫ŤֱӽϵԼĻС
ȾѪݣģָݣȻЦ˵
Сͽʦǻ˺òã
˵ĳһ⣬֮һذס
еذЦЦסľ˰ѹ˵棬ֽҲ̶¡
ˣСʦͻˡ
ǳЦųš
Ļ֮£ѹڵϲ˺ܿû˶Ƕ衣
дʱͷѪӿ˳Ⱦ°ڣȾķ
Цϻһӣ˿ڣһƬá
˾ͲǸˣ˾ͻԼСͽ
ţµּһЩǵϻѪģûͣ¡
Ҳʱע⵽µʼնûһ˿ʹûУЩĸȻ˵
Ϊʲô
ѯʺ㽫еذ׶ʯשϣѪذ˵棬Ƭ̺΢Ѿݵˡ
ֻãǸŵһֱûκζȵЩͷˣ׼뿪
ɵһ˿ŵȴˣֻ˵
Сʦ𣿡
ЩɳƵˣѭ˹ȥ΢Ĵǡ
ҲʱͻȻԼƭĻԭΪԼǷԼǾСʦͻˣۺûдԼˡ
ǺǺǡ
ڴ͵͵ЦЦ⸡ھˣһϣָḧѪģӡ
Щ˿ڵʱ͸ܵʶּһЩ˺ӿƤ⡣
ҲΪ۵ӾҲȻûۺһֳ
Сʦʲôʱ
˵֮Ц
ϵĨЦֻúǴۣһĶҧҧǾµĶſ˵
ˣСʦɽˣͷˡ
˵֮׼ͲȵѪˮ˴ߣʶɴۿ
ҲʱɴٴѪᣬѪ֮±͵͵ؿ
СʦĶͽˡ
£ŷʼڵȥ
϶ϵشͷһֱСʦҹǸȫͬ
ҹǸϳԼһ㣬ԼҲᰲԼʱȴǷ
֪ǲԸԼѾ˵࣬ʹʶѾ飬ȻǲԸܡ
ΪζΪϲСͽ㵽ûаҡ
뵽Ǹ֣ʶۣ˺һٴˡ
ۺƼ˵ɢĸ㣬ǴеģЩԼڵеˣʶ
ϵĺɻ֣뵽˰һգ뵽ԼιԼԶһĻЦŽ˿гš
𣬿ǾЩˣҪ³
һ뵽ŸԼԵģȥּ˵ڶҧš
׼ʱˣ̧ʱƼŰµôԼǰȾѪϹǳЦ
ͽ˺þõġ
˵ִӻȡһЩѾѹĸ㣬Цŵݵǰ
Сʦԣž˾ͲóˣҪͽι𣿡
͵͵ػٴδˣݵߵĸ㣬˫յ֣ʶſ˿ҧȥ
ȾѪˮϵѪˮˣѪζЩأû³ȥǶȥ

оóѾƷˣģһģһϳԼǲˣЩˣǲ⡣
ڲ֮УƼŶ㵽˽УҲ֪ʲôطһֻɫĳӾͶ˿С
Ŷ߶³ԶŸֶʶƬ̣Ҳʱ֪ҷ
Ŵʱ뵽˻ٽʱʱǳʳõĶõģʱȴǻӶԡ
׼ԵڶֻʱǰеĳӶ˳ȥ˵
ΪʲôҪЩѵƽʱģ㶼ԸЩ
ŭ֮Уֽѹ£ȡ˸ȫĿС
ǸڣֽЩȫ˳˵ɢм
ȿȡ
Ķ̫³㿨ĺͷʶͷϵؿţܿм˳žЩĿġ
ǲǣȻ㻹ŸǾҲԲԣôôĵɱ֪жϲôİ
Լˣ֪еĴ𰸿ȴ̲סȻҪȥʣȥǸ˺İĴ𰸡
ԼûϲǲǾͲôʹͲôˡ
Ϊʹȵģнˮգ˵۵ȴԼΪʲôҪԼ
ڵϵ˲ϵؿţͺҪЩмȫȳһ㣬ļƬ̡
ļʹ֮Թ޶ûʧһ̷ȥ
Լġ
ֽ֮⿪½īǿӦԼֻξڵϵȴľһûһ˿
еԽ䣬һ˿ҧľͷݺݵҧţֱҧѪûͣ¡

ҲʱΪʹЦ
Ц֮ҧţļͷҧѪģֻǼ˿ȴǸ˵ЩԵḧš
㲻ϲڳòãϲġ
ȾЦˣһԼӭȥ
ܿ죬ڴϸɫķ˿ɢ࣬дһĨЦ⡣
Сͽ
лҪ˵СʦвþҪлпСɰллǣţ3Ũq?


85 
ΪϲԼģԵԼϲʱܸˣ˵ҪȢԼʱķǳˣԼĻϲŻٽʱŷ˴ûϲԼɱԼء
ǰ޹ǽնףĥԼԼȴڲ֪״ϲΪԸί£ֻΪԼǿĻϲ
ɫĳȾѪˮûȥᣬʶ俿΢
Сʦ𣿡
ҲʱǳǳغˣŶߵСʦЦĶȻӦš
һҹĻʱֻ˫ȶڴûԭֻԼۣ۵·ˡ
ͷˡ
Щյص˵ţһֿڵˣûϢţĴ꣬§ɵ˴ϡ
˯ģҲ׼뿪жӾͱ˻ȥ˻С
ůӭϮŽԼ§ڻеˣḧȾѪӡ
ƲҲƲһɱԼˣȻ֪һжˣǸ֮¡
Сʦԣͽ⡣
͵͵ִˣһ̱㿿Ļбۡ
˾ôһ˯ţڵĻϢأŷϲһ̧ȹЩǵĥǰˣů
ԣ££ͽء
ҲͬʱִʣḧƬ̺㰴пһЩ˽໥š
޵Ҳ˰˯֮˼žůϮݶɴûƮţż
ҹʱΣͷȫɱԼһĻÿһαʱ߾ͻᴫ
§ԼˣԺȫɽһĻЩµĽĻУֻȥеĿ־һ㡣
֣ͬһˣƵɫɽɱԼǸ˻ʱԼȴů⣬ԼҪ
ǲ⣬УӽԼȫĻУǳЦ˯˹ȥ
СͽҺ¡
һɽĺ£ֻʱʲôˣֻܿŹǰԼҲѩ
Լָָ֮ȻˣֻҪĻУ̲סҪţҪĻ֣ͺǰһ
Լ֣ԼϲҲ̰
뵽̲סҪѣҪ᲻ǰһǰĺԼ
ֻûж÷ħȴĸıȻůɤ˵
ԣСʦ£ͽһֱڣ²¡
ʱ֪˻ǻԼʹѾˡ
ЦĻѰһʵλãԴľѴ˵ͷӦţƬ̺˯˹ȥ
ڶʱ۾Ƽ˰˯ڱϵϵѪˮѾˣ뿪ˡ
Ϊǿ˫ȻʹԺӵʱЩ۵ҪѰطš
ֻŸճԺӾƼվһƣĨĽʱʶüȻǰͷȥ
Ϊ˫ʵ̫ʹ·ʱԵЩ죬ںͷһ۱㿴ˣͷİ⽥ʧ⣬һӭȥס
ˣʦ¼
һ¼ƵĿдűһŭֽ̧˻ӿˡ
ӿ֮ǰͷȥԸȥƣ˵ֻᷳ
ֻһ̣ͷȴ˵Խᷳˡ
ˣһ㶼ԸΪʲôҾͲС
˵첽ߵǰžµʱ̲סҪȥḧƼǼĺۼ
Ǻۼ֪˭µģҲ֪ǺʱµģֻĿڵλúҪ˺һ㣬۵
ÿ
·ǰˣע⵽ͷĳʹֻ
Ըһ˵¶Ըңﲻ
ƿµĺۼֻ˶ˣһ뵽Լϲô˾Ȼ£һͷĺۼ
˻ͷǸӵ£νܣβա
ȥɱɱͲˣ
˵ƱԽŸȥĶгһűŭ塣
վԭصĻһֱסĲӣһֱӽѹǽϣĲӽ
ƵĿⲼ⣬ı
/ĿԼҪԼ/֮£ĻҪԼСͽ
ŻģԼ󻤷ǧǰŻĿ⿴ԼԼȡҲá
ȴҪԼСͽԼ˾ҲֻԼοСͽ˭˭
µĶԽһЩѾˣȻû֣ͣҪɱҶԼСͽˡ
Ƭ֮ƼƵĿԼϣʶ˵
ﶼȲǱļϵˣƾһͱȲϣǧǶǱˣҪӣǧձԸ㣬ֻöģĿⱾԲҪҲգ
ĺƵĿ⣬Ŀͺʱ޿̲ԼѣֻҪһ뵽ƵԺлЩöģöġ
뵽̧һֻֿٽƱ͹˫Ŀ˳Ѫ˳ָͷ

̶ĲҽͷǶ˫ĿĶ˵ϣһ̧Žˡ
ŽűİɫҺ壬ֻöġ
֮ע⵽ѪˮȾԼָջֽ˶˵棬Ȼŵ˵
ġ
˵֮ȡ˽ʼá
ⶪڵϵƣǾģʹĵסĿڣ㿪˵
Ҷģô꣬㱻ʱԸӡȴ˵ҶģɱȴҪ£㻹µǸѵǾͲ𣿹
Цʹˡ
Ǻްõ˹ʦİ޹ʦԼ˸ɱˡ
ԼǧǰԹʦʱͽɱˣƾʲôһԵõʦԼôȴֻһġ
ǹˣƾʲôһԵõӵˣƾʲô
뵽̧ȥֻ˫۶ڳˣǰһƬڰҲ֪վǰͷȻ˵
ʦѵֻƳһģԸ£ѵⲻ¼ҪȥɱҪȥɱ
źţһ̱ԺӣҪȥɱͷǸˣھҪȥɱ
ֻŸԺӣӾͱһϮˤ˵棬ؿڴĴʹ³Ѫ
ѪģЦţ֮㻺ߵ̧࣬Ųıϣǯ˵שϣʹģЦſ˵
ΣĸԸ³лԸӣԸΪθɡ⻤Ҳ뵱ˣҲΪЩףЩʹЩ
͵͵ػЦűһƵϣһ̸̧ǻɲǼ佫ĸ˳
ǿŻģ͵͵ЦҲͬʱֱӽǿм
ֻᰭСͽ֪Ĵڣ᲻˵ġ
뵽᲻ˣƵĿԽˣ佫ճ˻ҽ궼һͬˡ
СͽԼֻԼܿڣ˭˵һ֣˭
ΣȻԼԼԸţǳлˡ
ţֱӣЦųԺӡ


86 
֮뿪ˣֻ뵽ڸЩãֻ˵ӻСͽ
ţ̧˻ӣһ̾ͼһɫΪһźµӡ
ʦ
ƼȻһָ
վԭصһۣ˵
˽ʰձҪȥ
˵ԽӰ뿪ˡ
ǰٽ⣬ȻԼȴ͸Լ޵
ʹԼٺɶȴȻǺϲֻΪǶԼеĺۼǵһΡԼĴֶǶ
ȻԼЩЦһҲһͨļˣƫƫȴģһ˵һ䡣
ʦʱֲԼһ
ԼĪƬ֮ҡҡͷԺЩֵ뷨ȫ˳ȥҲᶨһͷǱԼĸݣ˶ԼģԲóȥ
ţҲ࣬ߵĲӶԵûһЩ
ֹһֳһӰЩȻ˵
ʦڵѾץʱڵˡ
Ӱ˵ʧԭء
ų֣ʶüֻźܶ죬ֻ˺һû˭
ɱʦ̫ˣͻȻһԼЩϤŻ֣ĪҲɽЩʲôԼӡ
һȴûһ˿˼ȥˡ
תȥɲֻ˫һӿٵǽ棬˳ǽ˵ϡ
Ҳʱע⵽ʲôԼ˳̧ʱͷ˲죬ɫ
ˣô£ôΣȥϴ
ЩͷٱȥеĲһ̷һӣӰʧԭء
ȵٳֵʱѾ޵ͷˣӿٵ˴ϣ۵ȴʧ
ԼĪƬ֮ų׼ȥϴ
Ÿս£ȴ϶һ̱һȵϢϮ֮ͽӸ˻С
ڲ֮лعͷƼԼݵԼʱע⵽Լʶ˸
ԼͷˣЦָ̧˺۵ݣȻŵ˵
Сͽ㾿軹װ裿
Ƿֲ軹װˣ˵ΪʲôȻԼװ裬ԼΪȫûбҪװԼĥš
ǾװĻأ
軹Ǽٵʱȴ˵͵͵
Сʦͽˡ
Ǿ仰űʶҡҡͷЩΣķˡ
û罫ԼˣȻϲԼȴϲԼӡ
뵽Ц˿ЦԭԼΨһҲˡ
²£ͽˡ
ЦһֱصĶϣһԼľˣԼҲſˣ˶ĻС
ǳǳů㻷ܣҲʶۣһ̡
˺һŽ˹ԼδӿĻУֽ֮ĿϣһɵģЦī
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ʦûлУȻ»ŬŬ
˵ȥĴһЩϸӡ˿
ӴʱȴסˣȥԼ󰲾ԭء
Сʦ𣿡
͵͵ЩɵĻš
ʶЦ֮˻ȥ¹ϡ
Ÿ߳ȴԼصִ֮ŵغһϵػš
СʦСʦ𡤡
Ҳ˴ӴˤӣôϵڵţϵѰţеһƬš
ѰСʦˣѰˡ
ҲʱˣڵţеѪҲ˳۽һȾɴ˵档
ȡѵȥֺ֮ǰһѰţü
ôַˡ
˵ţ֮ߵߣע⵽˫ǰɴһαȾɫ̾
Լվǰ˷һЩ⣬ֺ֮ǰһģԼϲ
ֽ˱ŷ˴ϣԼҲ˹ȥɴͷѪˮϵ˺ںһ𣬿ЩƤⷭӿ˺ۣʶָ̧ȥ
ָµѪЩȣְģﴽЦ
ȻƲԼͷĺҲɢһЩƲ˾벻СͽɱԼ벻Լİ˯Сͽߡ
ԣСͽǲҪˣʦʱģÿ
ţĻпһЩ§ľȥ
ȵĴָۣЩ̰ḧǰ˵ľǿӦԼ
ⱻŵԼĿʱֻúůůҪࡣ
ԼΪȫ͸ܲһ˿¶ȣΨһ¶ȵʱҲֻǰˣָ֮ȫ纮һ䡣
Сͽʱȴܹܵů⣬ͺСͽʱһůů
ҲΨһůԽϲˣϲϵů⡣
ʱ֣Ⱦ˵ʱ§Լ˯ţЦȾѪ򢣬׼
жȴǳǳһ̵űֱӱƿˡ
ԷˣԷˣ治֪ʦһֱһʲôҪ
Ųſͷ㴫˵͵͵˵һһ˵ûͦ
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СͽʹǱԼĥҲԼļϵˣá
ţŮĿԽˣһֱ̧һϮȥֱӴŮĺ
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87 
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ֽӹͷĸ㣬Ȼŵ˿ҧš
ЩӲ׽˺һŽҧ飬ѳԵͷϢſеĸɬȥȻų˵
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ǵ͵͵ЦͺҪ͸һ㣬ǲãͷ˾ȻЦ
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лҪ˵ͷͺo(ini)o


93 
ҹɫµԵЩɭֲž֮żз͵͵žӤĿһ㣬˺Ȼ
ѰһþһƽȵλЪˡ
º󲻾ͷȴһףƬ̺ϸꡣ
ˮ͸Ҷ˵棬ѰλûˮҲûǵϡ
ߵǰµϸʶȥӣڽֻ֮Ὣ䵹صš
һ˾ô˺һŽԴĻУ̧Űŵˣḧ˺۵գȻСͷһǳǡ
Сͽˡ
˵һͬˮ֮£ˮеıУġ
ҲʱƼϲƵķȾѪյɫظţԼΪʱֻͷǿѾʧˡ
ѾûˣСͽǲǺܣû£ʦٸһš
֪ǿԼڻ˫ĿʱһٵģҲ֪ٵʱжʱ޼Ͳںжں
ˣ֪ԼСͽԼжôľԼȴ޴Լ۾Сͽ˵˭ҲҪſԼȴˣ󻹽Сͽĥ
ЩˣֻǺҲûˣֻýлѰ޲
뵽¶һĨЦһ̽Լ½󳶿һЩֶĿڻһ˺ۡ
Ŀڱʹü̲סҪ㵽ĻкۣҪԼʲôûҲֻǿŴʹĿȡһͷѪ
ͷѪûɣҲΪסǾˣû뵽ᱻԼ͸
ָǵͷѪǿźӿľѴͷ̣˺һûл
̫ˣЩ̲ס§סľŵ͵͵ɤ˵
ۡ
ЩᵫҲеʹ
һ֮Žʹл˹ɫȴȻһƬ԰ס
ĻгָǵͷѪֱ֮Ŀһָֽ̧뵽ѪС
ͷѪںϴһů⣬Ƭ֮ůʧˣһŵѪɫС
ֽԼһϢ뵽ͷŽǿ¹˷ϣҲĳһ˿ԭЩɿȴֱӲϡ
ƵķЦḧţ֮§ӱۣ˯˹ȥ
飬һҹ˯û㰲ȣһֱӵ˵ڶ
Ժߴ˴ʱǰİɫ½Щ̧ͷƼʱЦĻ˺һŽĿΧ
վһҹҵڶûͣ£۽˻ȥһҲֻƬ̱ˣЦĴһǳǣȻſ˵
簡Сͽ
˵Ļֽ֮˴ӵϱĻ֮С
ЩֻͷɫӰͷţżƼһϵ뻳е˵Żֻʼնֻһ˵һ˴δڡ
Ƽ˱ضָ֣ܻͨ˴ǽҲǱץġ
Ƭ֮Ƽ⣬Żֺ׳ĹʶпһԼʲôʱôǮȻһôĹ⣬ǰôûз֡
Žȥɺܿ㷢ԼĹ⣬Ǿôȥָͻᱻˡ
Сͽͽȥ䡣
һۻеһ̱˹ͷǰտɲ㷢ƺҹһǱǹ⻹Ҫֲ֡
ͬʱע⵽ԹأԹҲ֪ɱ˶ٵ˲ŻԹޡ
׼Ĵ鿴һʱͷһ˿ϤϢϤϢֻɲǼ֪ʲôˣЦŵ˵
ͷȻСͽĲлꡣ
˵֮㽫Ŀ˱ڰֵвЦ⡣
ܸˣֻҪлջСͽѹˡ
뵽§˿ٳλ÷ȥ
֮ǰһµĲҽͬʱʹϤ֪ԼģȴԼ
콫ͽȥ콫ͽȥ
Ҳʱ⴫˽һӱʧԭ˵ͷҲͬʱƿˣקһŮ˵á
ͷ󲻾þʹŮӾֵĺ֮ѪԼʵվڽЩü
Ѫ
˱ϵϣ֮ǳǣƬ̺˵
ԣʦһͻ
˵ֱڵ
СͽʦͦģƾǸʲôܹĺݵĶһʮĺӶ֣Ҳˣȴһ˿鶼ûԥͽ˸ɱˡ
ڵʱ㿴ڴ齱ϵˣƼ˱ϵΣŲӱȥ򢿴Ǹڳˡ
ɫĳĶɢ࣬üҴȾЦ⣬š
ôǶãڿʳ˾δֱ֣ȫر߲˵ע⡣
̧ͷʱѾ̧ͷĶѪڴϣݸõֻӻõġ
ͷ𾪣ḧԼĴ꣬Ƭ̺ﴽǳЦš
㣡
𾪵ĻʶһЩȻǲԼĶ
෴˵𾪱ȴԵõȻ࣬пԼһůãƬ̺ŽĿٴ˵ϣð˵
ʦ𣿡
Ѫȵˣλߵ˵ֱ࣬ɢǰһī
Ҳʱеľʧȡ֮ıǷħֻֿϮҪȡ
ĥģкɱƬ̼קסֻ֣ꡪһ죬Ѿ˫۶ˡ

ҽеˣ˿Լ˵˫в˾֣Ҫַȴް취϶ȥ
˸ԼȻ˴ϣֳ򢿴žʧˣð٬ü˵
㱻ĥĹң뵽ʳͷѪЩӦҲûǣӦ˸ɣñ²˭˰ɡ
϶벻˭˵ͷѪѹԼСͽֻ뵽㯻ѹƣ˾˵ͷѪԼӡ˵ȻҲ뵽ͷѪѹ
㻹ñۼǰͷ㻹űΪµɱԼתͷȻ˵ͷѪѹΪ£ΪΪµ˻ǵòȻ
뵽˴˵һƷ˿ȴ⣬һֿ˵
ʲô㲻ʦɱʱû຦£ôҾ³
˵֮󣬽űѹ˴ϣһסľ
ѹŵҪѣɺϵҲԽЩܺˡ
ֻǰ˭Ϊʲôơ
һ֮£ſ˵
˭Ϊʲô֪Ϊʲôƣ


94 
ЩʹţϸõѪҲĶϵѪ֮ԼƼɫչǣűǴĿġ
ֻЩģû뵽Լûӻᱻ˸̣ģűࡣ
˭Ϊʲô֪Ϊʲô񣿡
ʹ˵ʱͷ˾֣ͺƼ˶һĺš
ڴ齱ߵŻµüǲ⡣
Сͽÿôû۹Ȼ³Сͽܳ㲻ɡ
ԣСͽҪҲǳԼôܳôĵĶˣɱ˰ɣžͶġ
ţҪֽ˸ɱˣֻǲŸͷ㷢˵һ˿һ̧Ȼɻس˵
ڵˣ
ԼȻ϶ڳСͽ˳ˣּô˵޳ڵ
ֻһڹľȴûڵҲѹֻᱻĥ
ע⵽еĲ죬Ҳ֪ȷʵ˶ӦûϤˣ벻˭ˡ
ֻҪڵʲôܲҲҪɣӦòôŶԡ
뵽ЦЦ
Ц֣֮Ȼ˱Ͽһų˵
ûڵҪ˼վͻᱻȫɣʱ˵ӾҲûˣܸ϶뷨ҵǿԱһΣ
˵֮Ц⡣
ɿЩŵĿֵ֮һ۱ϵѪ֮Ҳ֪뵽ʲô׺ݣͺ뵽ʲôһ㡣
ԼĪƬ֮˲ų˵
κң
Ѿĥ꣬ӳʼÿնĥԪӤڵʱͷˣеҪκԼĲеҪȥѰ˱
˫ֽȭͷڵõĵͷԹ޵ĳ˵
ұǰŵӣһ֮ͷԭΪһȥͶ̥תԺҾ͸ͷԭΪ˿ҿ˳ҳֵĵҩʲôѧڹҲǴʱʼӲűԽԽúֽ˻Լʦ˸˿ԿӵˣԺɱƳ˵ҩ˵ҩȷʵͬҲܵĥ˱˵ͷѪѹĥҲˣû뵽ǰȴͻȻҽҵڵˣҪ
˵в˺⣬˸Լ޴Ȼˡ
ûҲѾͶ̥תȥˣ񲻽ûͶ̥ø³ǻں޲ѡ
ű˵ͷͷЩˣԭ˻ҪǧǰַҲҪԼֻϧԼһԼһͬɢˡ
ܹµԼûҲô˵ǰŶֻΪɷѿİ
ǰɽֵǸҲһеˣͷ˿ҲѾˣǾ鰡
ȫѾ˵ˣڿԾҿ챻ĥˣĿˣÿ춼ҪѪĿˡ
˼֮ʶת͵̧ͣеŭʱЦ
ִ֮ӴߵϵʱعͷеɻЦſ˵
ͽͦģͽ㣬ȻΪơ
˵Ҳͬͬ⣬ֻ̧˻ӾͼһӰ
űЦֽ˱˻УȻϣһĶߵ˵
Сͽʦ㻹ǵ𣿾ǳһЩĻ껹ڣǸ޹Ļꡣ
ǳǳػڴϵĻв𾪡
֮½ĿϣȻݱ˺ۣȴȻܹòʶһ
ܣܣѾˣɱģҲֽ¯ͷģܣ
ôֽܻ޹ƳɵҩģԲܻԲܡ
ܣ㵽˭㲻ҵģ㵽˭
ŭڿЦʱȴͣЪˣ֮ǰΪԼƿɴʱٿŷָͲƶһģһ
ѾԼݾǸʲôģʱЦԼһģһ˾˭
ҵȻģֻҪȡһˣȡҲκĲˣһӦǲκβʹġСͽһͷСͽƲ㣬ֻΪʦȴñ۸СͽϵĶҲֻΪʦȡˡ
˵һӣͼڵһ޴¯¯ȼһһö˼֣Ҳǿֲ
ͿǸ޴¯ŵĿȥͬʱҲע⵽ĻгǾˡ
ܣܣѾˣѾˣ㵽˭㵽˭
Ǹ޴Ļ¯µ֮Цв˲ѾɱܻţܲŶ԰
˵ҰҵȻʦֻΪСͽ볾û˼һûҪСؤȻûʲôΪҲֲ۸۸˵㶪¯Ƴɵҩ᲻ˣӦû˰ɣϾҪˡСͽôƣ᲻ö֣ҿɾˣ˭ҵСͽ˭Ӳˡˣ࣬˵ռŵӻҵء
˵Ц
ڹڴϵѾħˣȫǲš
࣬࣡ʦ
ʦӵˣ
һֱ֪ԼռŵʦĻ壬ҲΪʦǲûгɷȴĥİڵ
ԼһֱԼҲãҲɱһ뵽Լֺģȴû뵽һջᱻѰţӵҲˣȻʦͽ˭뵽һûҪСؤһԸҪԼɫ˾Ȼʦͽ
˼֮ӱһϮһҲֱ֮ӱ¯Уһ˿ӦĵĻᶼû¡
¯ȼյĻӣʹʹĥҪ¯ȥ
ֻ˫ֲ¯ھͱ̵˻ȥҪͷذŻ¯˫ֵƤҲڹ֮¯ϣѪģĿġ
һ̻¯֮гǧѵƬĿ֮¿ϮȥѪһƬƬҽ֮Ĳҡ
ŹңŹңҲǹҪɱģҲǹģ
ҽϵش§ڱϾţЦȻ鼫á
ԼĪƬ֮¯ڽûƮһƤ⿾ζ֪ѾˣŲЦſ˵
СͽʦѾˣڶǽˣ治ԡ
˵֮§ľĴϸϸţòɿˣֻȻЩδٴεͷţһȴֱͷһš
¯һʱǽˣһɢŽɫĵҩӵ¯з˳ֽˡ
еĵҩܹܵͷĲл꣬ȥʱռŵǾͷֻӡϳŻˣһҲ˳ŽԼһͬĵڶУֻӡϳˣȻԼûСͽˡ
Сͽʦιȥ
еĵҩŵԼĿȻŵĴ꣬ǿѾֻĵҩ뵽ĿУͬʱ˺һ˿
лڴһ΢ů⣬ǵůֻǵ˺һûܵȵЩʧ䡣
ʧ֮ͻˣֻ֪һл껹޲ԴѰȥڶΪʵ̫ˣ§˴׼ЪϢƬ뿪
ڿЩĺۼʱüһ̷һӱ㽫ЩѪȫȥˣ§ȥ
ž޵ůϮˣͼݶɴůƮš
˯ȥɲǼ䣬ûԵȴ˶ͼᶯ˶һ̴ıḧš


95 
ιµҩ§˴ϣϢƬ̾뿪ֻ̫Ļ˯˹ȥ
Ҳ˯ȥ󣬱ûԵȴ˶ͼ̧һ̱ȥƲϵɴֻɴºǰûгʲôȻһƬ
ڴ˺һЩԳЦЦָ⸲˫ĿϣѪỺ
Сʦ𡣡
пһĻеѪԽԽ࣬͵͵ؿҲʱˡ
ΪʲôûͽԼĻ궼ˣΪʲôһš
СʦͽĿˣСʦ𣡣
ʵڵڻصţҪٴʱȴǳǳغеζϤ
Сʦ𣿡
ԼĻһˣֱ§ȥֻڸܵǾ߱ʱвȼϣȴˡ
ǱĴʵ̫ϤСʦû¶ȵκı䡣
ЩĽ§ڻֻԼСʦŲᱻЩץһ㣬ֻСʦŻһֱĻС
ħʱ򣬻ȴ˶Ʋ˿ȴҲܸܵе
Сͽ㡤ˣ
ȾϲõǵƬ̣Ҳͬʱע⵽ϴһ˿⣬бʲô̽˽ϸµؾ
ſеľ˫ȴЩӲ˰аز
Сʦ
СʦûСʦ
Сʦ𣿡
˷ֿʱ͵͵سţѾֲԼڻþлʵˡ
ˡ
ճɵɵǾǻز§ݣĴиû¶ȣϤȴԼСʦ
ҲûеѵԼҲˣСʦ
뵽§ס˽رڻУȻżɤ˵
СʦͽѰˣҪ£ԺǾһԹʦͽ˭Ҳɢˡ
˵ֽ֮˽§ţвů⡣
ֻƬ̺ȴǳǳЦҪɴٴαˣ򢿪ʼӦ˵ֱڴˮŽͣˡ
һ֮ȻЩδѾǲԼжûǹѾǲԼжûôȵ§˵ˡ
ЩξԶֻĿǰȴʲôˣһһεĥʳǣԼϣԼ˲źá
뵽ֱĴ࣬ȻӱһҲںҲҪԶСʦһ
ֻΪԼˣȴŴĿ˳ȻЦſ˵
㿪ۣ㿪˵˻ǻš
˵֮ǻδȫɢɴͷɴƮһ£һͣˡ
ֻ֮гһů⣬һʼһߵůƬ̺ͱģģů⣬ѾܹǰˣڿǰǳЦʱɬ
Ҳǰֽ˽§˻С
Сʦͽ㣬ͽĴһЩѰȥɽҲᡤᡤ
˵Ǹ֣ԼСʦǱԼģԼʱûнСʦͳȥͲᷢЩ飬ҲẦСʦɽ
ֻҪһСʦǾ亦£絶޲һԼ
ûû
ЦžͽַԼϣԼϵ¶ȣֻƬ̺Լ޵û¶ȵġ
ϣԼû治֪νˣֻӲͷƤ˵
СͽûһձճɻҵֻǾûǻԼı壬ΪҵǱģ㡤
Ӳϵؽţֻ⻰˵һͱס죬еĻѹ˻ȥ
֪ΪʲôͻȻЩɻ̧
СʦͽЩͽֻô㣬ͽֻô㡣
ǾճɻʱĿڱ˺һۣһҲ֪СʦģһҲ֪
ǹֻҪСʦ͹ˣֻҪСʦͿˡ
Сʦ𡣡
͵͵ػţ˲֪ˡ
žĵ˽ӵţѾԼСʦûˣҲ֪һշʲôʱ§Żеڴ˵Ż
ʱƼһ˵Щ귢Ȥ£ȴúۣԼ֪Сʦһ˱ô࣬ԼȻȴ֪Сʦһֱߣ۵ĻСʦۡ
ḧľµݣɫĳ۵һſ˵
Сʦʦͽ㵱ѹ֮ˡ
ЩУܽҪ䣬һԼСʦ𲻽ΪǹʦһԼԭԼʲôûҪСؤԼʦģǸʦԼϲˡ
뵽Цֽ˱˻УĶ䣬ָⲻϵḧıš
ԭ²ߴʱۿһЩһ̱קʵѣԴȫĻУȻŵ˵
СͽҺòã
Ļдһ˿ǻű˺ۣ۵۵ָⶼ˽ر˻кš
ԼСʦڻع˱ȻСʦ𣬰ްֻúܡ
ЩԼԸԸŸԸôš
ҲʱĶߴǳǳؿʱͿקԼѿ޵ٲȻһСްģЦ
ԣ޲ޣͽⲻ𣿲޲ޣСʦҪǣ
˵֮Ϳ߿ޱߵͷʶüҲûоܾȥ
ĴֻЩʣĴڵʱ㷢ůͺƲûһ㣬Щ졣
Сʦӣ
֮뿪Ĵ꣬ѯš
ѯַ֮ձϵˮֽۣ䶼ȥˣֿ֮ɫһЩ
Ҳ֪ҵΪʲôʱͻůµʱһҲ䡤ʲôû˵ʲôû˵
һȻЩģȴڿĿⶼӣʱƼһʧģܿͨһУȻЦ
ԼģСʦǰŻص壬ԼͲ£Ψһܽ͵ıСʦǿҪԼ
뵽ĿҲԽˣȻЦų˵
СʦͽûʶʱҪңԲԣ
Ѿ³ˣЩҪʧģֹ⽫˵˳˳㻹ʺݺһ¡
ԭΪֻԼЩģû뵽СʦȻЩţͻȻ뿴СʦԼֵģ뿴ӦúܺÿŶԡ
ֿ֮ǺģֿҪܣֽ˰ڻв
ԼĪƬ֮ЩЭص˵ͷȻ͵͵˵
Ҫأġһһص֡
۶ˣһĶ˵
ǣСʦһΣͽȶˣֻСʦԼˡ
˵֮Ҳеֱ㽫˱ԼĸͷȾЦԼ֡
ڱԼֵɫǺһƬ˫˫ŶӲĲҶˣϻζԼ֣浱ȴҶˣֻû
ɿЦģǿѹеľſʼѣͷȴЩˡ
֪žͲ˵˵ˡ
лҪ˵Ҷ뿴ǵĲ֣С߽ˣͷͺo(ini)o
Ӧе˰ɣӦˣˡ
С糡
Сʦûг緹ڳ飬Ϊ촩СͽѳȥҡڽˣʱˣСͽ
ӶСʦſСͽȻ˵СͽҺöܲܳ극ڳ顣
ڱϼලСͽ˻ţʱСʦ½󳶿һЩ¶ǣһĻСͽüȻ˵һҲû֪
֪ʲôСʦգգۣȻ˵ҴˣĴˡ
ʲôϴܹûµġ
ֻһӾͱŷϣҲƿˣһ֮ʾСͽ˵֪ˣǳͷԣͽġ
ȻСʦСͽĹһ죬ЩľֽҲȾʪһƬֿûóԳ˰ҹ
ҹֱ۸ˣֽʪ͸ˣڶ
ڳԱСͽԼ˯ȥСʦЦЦ˵ͷ»ؿѰСʦĴȻԡ


96 
ĺˣڲӦ죬ڵǲӦ˳˼Ķ֡
ӱ֮ǰûӻҪУڱòµʱЩֲ巽ˣԼ˭ˡ
ҲʱӱԺ˫ۣ֮۱ǳЦ̲ס§ľɢů㣬ġ
Сͽ
ţΪöԵЩɳƿȴܺ
ֹһЩŲסĿʼҡͷҲΪЩеһ滨ģܺÿ
žڲǳ֮ЩΪ˿һ׾һ㣬ҡ
ʱȻûͣЪ߿޻߱Թţֻ˻Ƶ˵
Ҷ˵Ҫˣ
˵ſҧҧţΪʵ̫ҲֻͷһǳӡǾ뿪ˡ
΢СߣɷޱߣдѾĲԶɾˣģҴˣɡ
ۼ˵Ӱ˯ţڱϵմȾİɫۼЦŽ§˻УָظݣôĿ˯
Ҳʱָḧʱע⵽̧ԼϣһֿǱʶزԼӾͺʲôһ㡣
һĻȻ𾪣ıۡ
СͽҺۣպòã
ǳǳѾ۾ֽ˽§˻УвЦ⡣
á
Ӧš
֮ḧɢҲǼÿҲ֪ΪűͷģԼСʦꡣ
Ĺ⾰Ըıһ˵˼Ըıһ˵飬СʦҲһɵģһݵʦ
ԼСʦֻҪԼĻ޼ɵֱãԼȴСʦűģĺۡ
СʦͽĴͽԺԲ뿪ˣԲᡣ
˵ָ֮գϸϸѾԺǧģǷħҲδǵݡ
ҲʱƼһͷָ½īɫ֮ǰһģһΨһͬıӡڶѪɫƲûʧҲ㹻ˡ
ʦΪݵ˶֪ģȴīζⲻˡ
Сʦ𣿡
֮£ػš
ỽȻۣƼ˰̵ʱЦţƬ̺ĻѰ˸ʵλÿš
Сͽǵɽʱ˵Ҫһ𣿡
Щ۵İָۣؿڴȦȻ˵š
˵֮ӦȻ̧ͷ§סľĶЦſ˵
ϲ㣬ϲϲɽʱҾͷϲˣһֱڸ㣬ȻǹʦȻһݣԸ³лԸΪһ£ԸΪһ˵
һԸͬöһĶ߻صһԸ⽫еĿȫˣͬڻþϲʱѪǻġ
ʱȻ޷ȥҲԼһΰˣɴʱЩԸ֪ԼСʦĻţҾԼߡ
ʦΪ֮Ϊ費Ѱңݶȡ
߰ڱ˵³лԷӣ񲻽˶һĸԸ
Ĳһ̽˽رڻУȻеǱĿȴоů⡣
СʦͽҲϲ㣬ϲͽ˭ûУֻ㡣
˵֮ƼɴỺˣϲϲӣϲĲˣϲֻΪһ˶ħ
ָظıǸƲסЦһȥ
ҲʱԼȻѾī֪ԼһͷΪŵµģȴīҲЩ⣬ǵ͵͵سѯʡ
ҵͷΪʲôīɫˣ
˵֮ʶƬָ̣קű죬춼ز
īīīѵΪСͽ
Сʦīÿͽϲ
͵͵ػһ˿Ц⣬űƬ̣ͨһ㾪ˡ
СͽϲԼīʱӭСͽΪСͽϲԼŻΪԭģΪСͽϲԸΪı
ҡСͽˣ
ἰΪһֱΪԼǺϲϲСͽԼͲҲδȥЩ
ԼڵΪСͽӭţֻһֽˣǱԼСͽ
ԸӭԲŸԸ˲ԸΪһ˶ı䡣
ͨһкۣȴ
۵˲䣬Ҳһ˿仯ԼӺƱ˵ǾûӣǶе㶼ˡ
ע⵽һĻۣʶ̧֣ڿǵǳǳӡʱز
ӡǵҧȥģΪҧʵ̫ˣԵû
ֻڻصЩۼȫʧˣֻΪǾѾûˣЩۼȫֳˣʱʶӭӭеԼıǾʧӡ
ҡ
ڲ֮Ҫ˵ֻҲѾע⵽һĻǵЦʱ֪ܸˣҲЩ
ֻҪСͽˣԼһʲôϵأֻҪϲͺˡ
ţٴαۿʼרһ٣һͬࡣ
žĵڴһƬֿĳŵ
лҪ˵СʦӻȻһϲСʦ֮ǰǾӣֻǾҲŸоСʦ𣬲ȻܸоԼдʦСʦ(*^^*)
ûκˣҲˣɾС
ǿɾĵĳ嶯Ҫ侲Ҫ侲o(ini)o


97 
һյϵʱʵǳŲסδ˳ʱ˯˹ȥüҼȫǾ⣬űۡ
һ˯˵ڶ˹ʱƼϵɴɢڱϣյķ̾
ú֮ǰûкúòͻ˫Сͽֻܿʶĵ۲ܿԼȴҲ˫ůˡ
Сʦúõô̾ˣǲͽûι㣬
׼ȥḧ˫ʱȴסˣһҲĻУݱϣǶһܡ
ǾιĻֻűڵʱжɬ
˵˵ˡ
˵Ȼתȥˣֻ߲Ÿ뿪Ҫתȥ
жͱӺͷ§ű˻УȵϢľĺˬ
Ҳͬʱһ˫ָĸţ֮󻹻ᴫ͵͵ɫˡ
Сʦͽģó𣿡Цŵ˵š
ŶߵĻ̧˹ȥȻûۿǹůȴҲܹоһŵͷȻӦš
Ӧ֮ûյסӵȥպ˵Ϻһӡ
ԣȻСʦôϲͽɲܲˣҪúó֪𣿡
ⷬĶ˵ţЩᵫҲ㹻ȫȥһĿ±ͷδκ׼ֶ֮롣
Ķõɴ˫Ƭ̺ӿ˳˫ֽק޳ԽԽֱѹ֮
һʹ֮бȵͷ˴ʹȵҺӾ˳ű˴ϣ۵޺
ڵĿһֱ˰ղͣˣϲˮСôҪ˺üأյתˡ
ôֱӾ͡ˣ
ͷյκԸȥֻһ˱
浱û־ͷίȻɥתĻУȫĨϡ
ỵ
Ļе͵͵ţ˫ֽקű죬һ
ҪǻԺͲܺСͽˣһСͽԼȥѰҪô졣
ҲʱݱԺ俴Ӱ࣬Ƭ̺˲ɿˡ
ԣͽĴ»ͽԲˣòã
Ļů⣬űûůƬ̺˵ͷȻŶĻС
˾ô໥ڴϣҲһƬ͡
ѾǵԼжûпĻˣӦѾкö˰ɣܹ޼ɵŹȻǺϲ
ʲôõģʲôú£Ϊ˻ΪԼе鶼ãҲһ
ţ˵ؽӶϣָů⣬ġ
ֹ֮ŷĻһڴϷ㶡
һӾͱ§ű뵽һůĻУŽĿϣŴЦʱСͽѾѹˡ
ѹ˻Լյ£һӾͺ
ôˣ
ߴȵϢ֮ʶͻعͷסˣԴľѴȻűۡ
˵ůҲ뻳ֻ̲࣬סЦ
СͽˣСͽĻˣá
ЦľȻֶľѴЦţЦһǺ
Ƭ̺ŲҪȥҲʱȱԼˣкڵ
Сͽҩʦ˵Ȳ·ˣҵĴҡ
˵ͷв
Դͱǰ˺۵еˣҲԼٵġ
ָĴϵ˺ۣĿںƱлһۣ۵Ҫһж
Ҳʱȴˣֻ˵
ͽСʦһ˫ȣСʦ㲻ҪȥˣֻҪСʦԸͽĶԸڳһȰˣǻиǸ𣿿Գ𣿡
űˣǸȷʵǾԼ˫ȶǸǸģǸǸжʹǾģһ뵽СͽҲᾭʹЩ᲻õ˽ĻС
ۡ
ҪԼڶȥ䣬һһ޹ǰۣһͣͣһͣ¾Ҳˡ
ԼܹһҲҲȥܣҲʱŷѾԼĥĥѾΪһˡ
ͻȻЩҵûֱӷһΪǷ˿涼ˡ
ţҡͷֱĽӴӻ˳ͣˡ
ԣͽۣܱСʦͽԸǵۣĺ𣿡
˵ͽ˱˻š
ǸడҲǱӦ˰ɣҲãҲǻСʦˡ
ԼСʦԸĹ˸ǸཫĥЩ˻ȪԼҲǱӦˣҲá
ⷬȻ˵ţȻǲãڿеļᶨʱջͷǹӲᡣ
ҪǾͱ޹ǣ˫޵ģͷѾϿϿʱҲûеõƣΪʱУǵǳĥ
ûҩʦڳվڴ齱һ˫Ƕ޴롣
ҪҲҡ
˵ѵˡ
ڴϵⷬĿԼתƵ˱һСϣǾ䲻ҿɰˣһֽݶ˵ʦȻ˵޹ǡ
ҪԼҲСʦ޵ģôʱȴֲء
ԴҲǺ棬֮ҲѯʣЦŽ¥˴ϣȻ˵
ԣֻҪͷͷժͿˣʱ򽫸ǸͿȥͺˣ
˵ָݵСȣһ
赭дһֻͷһһģһ̶ذױ˽ĻУ߿ޱߺų
ժĹͷֲժʲôΪʲôҪ˵ôνĺ۰Сͽǲժ˺òãҲۣһҲ롣
һҲˣԼûþԼƷΪ޻˫˫ȣ󻹻òҪժǣԼ
ֻҪһ뵽ԼҪֽĹͷժĺ˺һۣ۵ҪôһˣʲôùʲôͿˡ
ɵӱʱ֪ԼĻͲȥԼβãȥҲֻܹڴҡͷ
Сʦͽ뱧㣬ͽ뱧һӣ㲻ԸͽֻԼˣʱûժóĿɾͲõˣ
Źڱϵ˶ҡͷǳЦī
ԭԼСʦôԼԸԼָۣоͦá
˱˻аţƬ̺Ҳ֪뵽ʲô΢΢һĶߵ˵
СʦͽȲܶͲܡ
ǳǳػĴдű̧ͷǲ죬֮ıɬ
ʲôʲô
ǲ˵ⷬʲôвܴӺͷҪԼ˵ʲô˵˵Ļ̫߳˰ɣ
ɫΪǷԽӺˣ˫տתյúܡ
Ҳͬʱӱ˻Уů£Ҳůһͬˡ
ͽϲҪСʦͽǼ˯ɣҲСʦӡ
˵֮̾һ
ⷬĶˣʲôԴӦΨҪ˯ȥܴӦûӣԲܡ
һתѹ˴ϣвϵָⶼʶһų˵
ʲôԴӦ㣬ʲôԸΨ²׼׼˯ȥ׼ң׼
֮ĿдѾĵߣʲôֻͬ⣬Ѿܲûˣûû
ĿռѾĶ飬ʱû˾͵ڽĴڳȥʹ
Ҫ˲ͷʱȴѹůĻҲĸţġ
Ƭ̺󷢶Ҳ飬ۡ
ԣͽôöСʦͽȻˣǲժ˺òã
ЭãĻйԹԵĵ˵ͷȻЦ
Сͽǲ·Ҳ㣬ˡ
лҪ˵һһСͽСʦĹͷСͽĹͷҲҪ(*^^*)


98 
ҪյĻа˯ţüҴůʾʱ鼫ãھ˯жĸˡ
Żеĸıܹ˯øģƬ̺Ƽ΢΢ŵЦظţƬָֽ̺ɢձߵīϣذš
˯ɣͽһֱš
˵ֽī۵˶󣬿ɰĶʱЦȻŵĺš
ǰΪһֱֻԼһһͷȵĶСʦи飬ΪסСʦϧõǿռǿռСʦӸϲǿСʦӭԼʱֻɱϲһֻǿռӵС
֪ԭСʦԼҲǿռԭǱϲĸоá
ƶһЩȻֳôſڻеˣקԼѣһûʧģЦ
Сʦ𡣡
͵͵ţе˲û˯úĴƬ̧̺ͷš
ͷɫѾڰʶԼȻСʦһգЩεҡҡͷ
ȻЩεȴҲ֮£Цֽ§һЩŽĿ˱ͷǶü
һҪ޵ȻСʦԸ⶯ҲֻԼˣ
뵽һֲ°ڱסˣ˹ȥͿԼ֪ԼǱǰ
ô𣿡
˵ظա
ҡҡͷ֮ۿĻ˯˹ȥ
Ѿ˯ȥŷûЦĶһǳǣٴ
ûˣƿ˱죬ڿЩɿ˺۵СʱüСȶǵλ˺ۣ֪ʱԼͷʱµģֻϥǱϵ˺ȴкµģЩ⡣
ѵһֱ𣿡
ûκιڷħļ䣬ڿЩµ˺ʱ춼زʱҲͲЩ˺ˡ
ȳǻûκΰ취Ҳⶼûˡ
͵С˿˯ˣɵ̾һ
ֹ֮̾һּ˷űڴ齱ߵذףذﴽЦЦȻǱӦ
ԼذСʦĹǣԼҪذԼĹͷȻǱӦ
뵽ҡҡͷ֮㽫ذƵȵλãª˰̺һűۻȥ
кܿ죬ֻһѾһĿӣѪҲٴӵеλӿ˳ʶƺ߳
ۣ
Ժֻ֣ϵĶûΪֶͣ£˿ڱѪˮҲӿ˳ЩѪˮȥͷСȹǡ
ͷǵѺۣƬ̺㿪ʼͷͷŷֿÿһǰʹÿһܻԼѪʱģҲôۡ
Уһ뵽ڱϣ뵽ֻֻܽҧŴֱ꣬궼ҧѪûг
ȵĹͷڱϵʱԼͺڹŹһȦһǰһƬڰذ׵ĶЩӲüЩôιȥˡ
Ҫסÿһκֻȫ۵ǸȾѪȹǰģкˮ˳۽ֶ򢴦һﴽЦš
ȻǱӦ
ţ˫ʶԼĪƬۣ֮Ҳͬʱذ׳ȴȥ
ǵŸСȣѪ黺˳ȴǳǳٻȥͼҧŴޣžµϲˮžЩίˡ
Сʦ𣿡
û˵ƼȻʶҪȥֻȹѾժ۵ø޷Ҳֻܴԭؿš
ǲǺۡ
ȾѪʱĺۣҪȥƼڴϵǸȹʱ۶ˣ˫Ҳʶ
ڵѪ˵Ⱦ˲Ҳʶ
ԣͽۡ
ߴЦ˫ˮ˳ҲͬʱȾѪָԼݣϢ䲼Ѫζ϶һ˿ȡ
֪ѪеˮҲǰĶ޳
ԼãԼԼ̫Сͽ͹̶˵˲Ҫκ˵ĻԼȴˣɱ˹ϲ˻СͽҪǣԼá
Щӱ˻Уܵϵůʱ޵øˡ
ҵĴҵĴ
һǸĻϵĴĿд˫ָǽקѣ޵úһһ㡣
ڱϵ˿ԼѪģֿ˿п޳˵̾ʼţŻеˣϵغš
һֱţԼȵʱѾ֮ˣſ˯ŵǳǳЦЦ
Сʦǰޣôôء
ֿ˺һŽĿ˻Լ̾ŵӭȥʱҪ࣬Ƭ֮ѾȵСȹǰڱϣʹӶƬ̡
ֻҪϸǸͿˡ
ǿ⣬ּ̧ǬȡһܽصУʢǵĸǸ࣬б򿪵ʱ˱ǣ硣
ſеĻҡҡͷʱǲЩҩʦĥҩȴ㣬֪⹦Ч¶ΪŮӲõС
ȡһЩĨ˿ڵλãǸͿȥʱ˱֮Ⲣûʲôܣһ֮ǵʹͻᴫܹ˴Ȫ·ʹ
ûʲôʹԲ࣬۽ǻмµỨֽĨȥˣƬ̺Ž§˻С
ֻҪСʦһֱͽߣͽͲۡ
˵֮Щƣ§˯˹ȥ
ŵ޹ѾȥеĶƣҲ֮Ǳ֮Ѿ˯˹ȥ
ֻǱ˯Ƭ̱ܵʴǰʹʶͽе˱ˣʹ֮ȴһ˿ǽ˻ľһ룬ԸԼʹģ뿴ΪԼЩԼܱá
뵽ľѴǳǳЦ֮ʹʧȥʹԸ֮ʹҲԸȥһʧȥʹҪ
֮֮ʹԽӾң̲סҧľɵഥƤʱȴͣˣҧԼš
ǸҪ񸯹ǸȴҪʹ顣
˯е֪ڳʴǵʹ§ţʱѾǵڶˡ
ԺۿݶƮɴһ֮ЩѵڴƬ̺ҹ﷢飬в˾֣Ҳͬʱȥࡣ
ֻȴûѰˣʲôûУһ˿¶ȶûУˡ
ŵΪԼ⼸ղΣŵΪЩǻþˣԼСͽȻûл
һ̱˴齣Ϊ̫˴Ӵˤȥײڵ洫˴ʹûǳǰͷĵطȥ
СͽСͽ
޺ˣЩħڵţҪɶΪŶˤڵϣֻȥſڡ
ҪˣĿˣûûУ
Сʦ𣡡
ҪʱǰͷȴһԼӱһůĻУ̧ȥͿԼѰõԼǰͱԼ
ЩţЩģԼΣƬ̺§ıܵȵʱŷһжġ
ȥĶΪ㲻Ҫˡ
Ķһ§ĲˣҪˡ
вϵˮ۽£ǳǳؿҲƬ̺˿޺ǿдžŴſ־Ĳᡣ
Ʋʱĺ¼ˣµڶûлֻĻп޳ˡ
ԣͽֻȥԡˡ
ǳǳػдһ˿Цһ˿Σű޵Խˣȫ»ϡ
СͽҲû㡣


99 
קвίӸΪţģȥЩЦ
һĻȴ̲סЦЦסΪ΢գջ֡
Сʦôǰˡ
˵㽫§˻Уһ̲űȥ˴齱ϡ
ҲʱŷֱӦò·ʱѾ˲һԼ֮п̧ͷֻˮɴûƼĿ⣬еĲʧȡ֮ı
֮§סľԴľѴȻǳǳ֣һֱֱĴ౻ϲɢˡ
Ƭ֮űɿˣ֮Ļбۡ
ԣѾûˣˡ
һֱţֱͣЪˡ
֮ʱֻǱ뿪˯ʱֻҪһ˿ſϲߡ
ߺòãСͽҪʲôҶԸ㣬ߡ
һαѵʱԴľѴ˫ֽקѵ͵͵š
ͽߣͽһֱСʦ𡣡
ڱãֱͷɫһΰ׼뿪
ڴ齱ߵԼѵˣΪԼΪԼЬܾúܲʵ
ǰԼֻܱһ˵ɲ̶̼˱ˣԼΪԼ¸ᱧԼЩһԼһһжǼٵġ
Ҳͬʱע⵽Լӱ§һ̱Ѿҹ֮еĹŽ˹ȻԴľѱЦ
ãΡ
СʦЦʲôأЦˡǳЦųѯʡ
ڻеҡҡͷȻϲõĻĻš
ܿ죬˱˹⣬ҲͬʱԭΡ׳Ĺ뿪Ϊޣһĩʧҹ֮УԴ˹ʧݡ
ѾΪ޵ĹȻ̧һǰˣҲͷǳǳЦ
ںʲôں᲻ڣںֻһ˶ѣʲôҪԵʧʱҲûʲô顣
ȥĶҪȥ𣿡
˵㿪ʼֻûеõĻشֻ˵ͷ̧§ľȻĻˡ
һܣڵŨϮֳ̧ŰһӣͼһϮȥŨһ
ŨƬ֮ΧӿǿҵһЩ˵Ŀ֮»۳һ޴龳֮ǰѷ첻ͬ龳гԴһľɫ
Ѿ˵ʱ龳תվЦעԼȻĻУһŵ˵
Сͽ߰ɡ
˵׼龳ָֻŸ龳ıԵһ˿ϤһͷȾ
ˣ
ǰԼָʱ˱ˣԼѰ꣬û뵽ʱ龳֮ˣ͵ڵȥ𣿡
뵽ӦþУ˼ֱ־Ϳ龳֮Уɲ龳Լûдһ󾪻֮±ҪȥѰ
龳лؾ࣬һʱҲЩֲĶˣв˻š
ʲôҾȻɿСͽ֣ҡ
֪ôʱȴ§űһůĻУЩĸŶߴů⣬һŲ˹ȥͿԼߡ
Сʦ˱Ժͺܲԣ»ͽΪ߲С
ҲͬʱȾˣűЦȻֱ˽ĻС
ԲҾ̫ȥѰ϶ˣɱǸ϶ҾͽΪòãʱһѰһֵȻߣ˵𣿡
ԼӶĻУͷͺƱմȾһ
ֻҪСͽûΪûʵʲôϵֻҪԶСͽһ𣬾ǽԼҲν
վڱϵЦģԺȴʼСʦԼ͵ԼǰģӦرˣ˵Լ̲סҪ̳븹
ЦŽȫ§˻У֮ϸ˵
ͽһ죬ʱͽҪúСʦԼԼͽߣȥ˰ɡ
˵ʱȫȾǼǵõӸݵ˵СʦħСʦ𲻱ԼҲҪֻ
ɱСʦǸˣȻݳԼģԼСʦ꣬콣ʦնˡ
һе˴űУ̧֮Ļؾȥ
ԼĪƬ֮˲ŵһ龳ǰͷͷһƬԼһЩδ龳ʱǰһĻˡ
ֻ뿪龳һƹľ޴ʮ·ڣΧĳӿٵʻһĻĴ鿴š
ҲʱߴˡΡľ죬ѭȥͼһɫСʻǳӵ
ʻĳӷһԾ˹ȥ˲Զһɫϣһʱʻһɫ󿨳ڸʻϵˣȻǻδӷһĻлع
ϲ˵ĿʶͷǲϴӱʻĳԼǸ¥ãЩûںҹпڵƻȴĳаز
֮ע⵽µİɫͣǰͷĺ̵һɻֻɻ֮Ծ˰֮Уֱ뿪ֵֹĵط
ܿ죬ѰһС԰빫԰ʱ㿴ƽ̨ɢм䳳ֵĸЩá
Ϊ֪˴ǺεЩã첽ڵСȥ
˶㵽һݴУ˷º̽Ĵżû˷ԼŻȥеˡ
ֻⵣ˴ʱȴһЦֲЦģգȻ˵
СʦЦЦʲô
˵ߴ˴ЦЦǰģϵֱۣͷĳ˺ۡ
ʵǱǸģЦˣôһ±˸ˣѰ֮ȻѰ˻̳УβЦ
ڸþʱҲЩûлعȻԼ뿪ִѾжˣǶ龰Ǽ£Ƽ֮ǰ·ɽ··ʱ֪Ķˡ
û뵽ԼȻлصס˶ʮطһ죬֮¶ûи֪һ֮ΪƼһģҲͲԸ˵ˣԼСͽ⸱ģɰ
סššȻЦſ˵
СͽӦ֪ʦǱŵİɣס˶ʮĵطҲǱ϶ŵĵط
˵ӻ̳Ȼ߳һڰֵĻ̳
Сʦ˼ǣ
˻̳ĻдŲ죬ű̲סЦ֮ŵ˵ͷ
Լ˶ʮĵطסٽʱֻΪԼⱲӶˣû뵽ôһ죬á
ţŹ԰ͷȥ
ͻȻȥչԼʮİְˣͻȻǣÿԴСͽҲȥǡ
ԼֻҪ͵͵Ǳˣǹαá
лҪ˵Сʦִ(*^^*)
С糡
СʦСͽȥݼϣΪ糿ȥԵݵʱɫǰŵģѾˡ
СʦǣСͽƵںͷĿ⻹ĴƮţҲ֪Ѱʲô
ǰͷСͽѰСʦϲԵĸʳżЩˮ߲ˣʱƼСʦЩȤģЦЦȻߵһ˹ĵС̯ϡ
Сͽ̯λȡһСʦУСʦɵŲ˹̲סգȻ˵СʦôСһϲЩ˵Ǯ
Ų˹ĵСʦ˲ԴͷһɻѵⲦ˹ĲСͽԼ
ڼһСͽڸСʦʵǷõ̫ҪϡվڱϵСʦȴһеķ˴ӱ߹˱ķǣڽϣ˵Цͷ̲ס
ȥϸСͽ䣬СͽԼʱЦų˵СͽҪǻ᲻ǸһǣҺѽ
СʦһûͷûԵĻվڱϵСͽû񣬵Ȼ˳СʦĿȥǰͷǶԷޣ˵ЦѡʲôǷ˾ǻУСͽЦջĿȻ§˻У˵Сʦͽ챧㣬Ķţ˵òã
СʦСͽЦŵ˵ͷȻӦš
СͽСʦЦƬ̱ȥǰͷ̯˵ŻеȴһɵЦš
΢СߣȡÿһС糡ǣܶǣ(*^^*)


100 
ų˻̳ΧһȻǱмľģڵŸտȥӾͱٶص˻УȻ㵽˺ڰĲݴС
ôһһغüκ̲סһ£ȻֶĴҧȥƬ̺ſ˵
Сͽҵݴлᱻ˵ʲôµģǶҲҪҸƲĵط
˵Χɢ˽ĿǵϣЩĿдЦ벻⡣
ЩܲˣôݵʱûСͽУǵִôء
ֻǻ˵ȥӾͱűĿ֮±߳˻̳Ȼôλε˵ǰ
󵨵һĻٺע⵽·˵ĿæͽԴĻУڸȥѪɫݣȻʡ
ʲô˱һᱻЦģ
뵽ִִ֮ĸ黹ǻЩңСͽرԼ֪ǵͷôġ
ɵƼĴʱʶСͽİֵʱΪλ㾯ˣԼס˶ʮЩѾϤˣǶһڹŴסǧ콣ʦ˵һжİģǿҲǵԼˡ
뵽Ȼ½İõؿĻС
ҹɫ֮£С԰˿첽СϣֻҪһ̧ͷܿһɵŴǳЦ
ɰ
Ц֮ǰͷĳЦȻ§סľ֮ŽĿǰͷ΢ط
Ҫȥ𣿡
ȻԶǰͷǻĵ
Żһǰ̯ߵģҲС԰ѽ˵ǰͷӦŵЩʲô
֮˵ͷ˱ȥˡ
ԼĪƬ֮㿴ǰͷΧһЩˣǼ϶ſ־壬˳˵Ŀ⿴˹ȥͼһͷһˮЮһųȹŮӡ
ˮͼŮӵľϣһЩѪˮľ˳Ⱦ½
ǱȻھɱ
ŵݺݵĶǰͷžߺһЩȻЩ¡
§ڻеһĻü֮Ⱥдľʶ½һۣƬ̺ͿЦҲЦˡ
ȻͼѾ˴Ⱥ˹ȥžǰҪȥֻٶȱǻҪϼ˻δع֮Ѿӵǰһ˲Ŀ֮һ¶ͷʡ
һֻ֮һҵĺһ̱㽫ֵ쫷ٶֱˤ˲ԶĻ̳УȻû
Ѿû˶Ĳݴֻ֪һ˶ҲǸ۲ЦЦ
Ҳͬʱע⵽˶ΧŸϽקקѣ˷뿪ԭأֻԾڰеӰƬ̡
ڣ뿪С԰Ѱһ¥ݶƽ̨֮ϣżžĵطű˻ϡ
жķЦŽԴľѴȻظţһſ˵
Сͽǲɱ˵ģǧ֡
˵̧Ȼŵͷ
˵ʵЩڣϾǷ᲻ݣǳʲô»ЩýͣǲҪֱȽϺá
Ƭ̺õĵͷľѴѰһʵλñۡ
һҹȻûڰȵͷ˯ȻúֻܰΪСͽߣһҲĵ˯˵ڶ
ɫʱЩԺֻۣǲ۱ʲô˿һ֣ͬδ˯ѵüһᵽůҲ֪˭ˣȻ§ǰ˵ľʼӦ
µʱҲû§ľΪƬ̺ע⵽Լӱϣ֮һǳľϡ
½Ҳʱ⿪ˣ΢Ϣܿ˳½ͷɢ˼˻Ҳʱѹˡ
Сʦͽˡ
Цˣۿǰ΢ŴˣԼľЦӭȥ
ԭЩѵĶ˼Ҳػɢˣʶ̧ͷ΢ʻ
Ҳ֮˫ֱ÷һ̱ɢڵͷ˫ˮһ˵ģҲԽһЩ
ʲôû˼ֻȡеˮϵ´ʪѡ
ԼĪ֮ЦŽ˱ڻḧţĶͷš
໥ſһ𣬹ò


101 
̨Ҫ˼غҲûʲô뿪̨ʱҲǱ뿪ֻЩһ¡
ǼµʱѾŴӼʮĸ¥ȥˣִݣִûܹӼʮĸ¥ȥء
ֻʱѾ̫ˣż½ӣžٷݣ뿪˵Ƽ˸¥ͷ˿š
Ҳʱŷԭմŵĸ¥ǰ칫¥ʱϰʱ䣬Ƽǵ࣬ע⵽Щͷʱʶ˶ͷ
ˣ
ͷĬĬ߶һ䡣
ܿ죬˵棬ɫķĶ˺󱳣Ǻÿ
ҲغΧ·˷׷׽ĿǵϣͻȻ˴ǶЩزȻعʱѾ뿪ˡ
Ľֵϣ˴ôһСʵЩ
Ǹ毺õģ֮ǰΪһİ̺ۿ֮ȥе˰̣ʱֲɴűǹҹӵģ
⻹ǵһαô˶ΧۣٽԴĻֻװԼľͷ˵ģɲ̧ͷǲ֪ԼĴڣʵЩĿ̫¶ˡ
ԼĪƬ֮ע⵽ͣ˲ӿ̧ͷȥǰǺƣЩȥȻû뵽һ˾Ȼÿ̵ơ
ɻѯʱϳ˼ŮӣƼʱͷ˾ϲǵЦζ¡
ԼСͽЩãñȴһ˿ӦûУźһЩ
ҲʱŮűߵǵǰŤŤģü
վǰͷŮһȻźͷļ˵˵ͷһЦŵѯʳ
ãǲڳ԰˰Ƶϵ˺㴩һģһ
˵ֻ߽˳ֻֻͷĳϣȻǳֵͽŭһƵгһŰµӡ
ӳֵʱƵǼһ㣬ŻȺпһ̾Ѿ˳ֵͽǰһžͽߵ֮⡣
ƵϵĵĻ඼ƵΪǹĳġ
һƵеֿ˿ǰļţһ̱㽫߷˱˵ϣͷɬ
ŮӵڴȻĿⶼûзǵϣǾòͺСͽһ㡣
ڼ˶ѯϵʽʱЩŭˣȻ㷭Ļ˳ȥվ˵棬һŭس˵
ʲôûУҲƵеˣϴˡ
˵ŭ뿪ˡ
Ѿ̵ˣ˹·ʱûʲôΣյ飬ѰһεĽнžѹǽϡ
һ˫Ⱦһֱӱҧȥһ˻ĥ֮ӲǽĴҧѪȻתȥˡ
ڱһűԼֻͷ˵ΪԼСʦȻԴˣһԵôܺá
ŶߴЦŽ˴ӱ§˻ؿҧ¶½ͷľһŵЦų˵
СʦԴˣ
˵鼫õʡ
ԣҵȻԴף㶼ƲΪʲôһ˵ңҿ㻹ࡣ
ûۣһ뵽ЩŮĿŭҪСͽ˾ƲֻԼƼˡ
СͽôܻԼǻԼСͽСͽû˵ֻСͽǲǲϲԼˡ
ʶܲϲԼˣٻعͷȻץ½˵
ǲǲϲˣǲбˣ㶼þû˵ҪҲˣǲǲҪˣ
ŭ֮Խ˵ԽίһѾһҪ޳ģü
ǲǲҪˣ㲻Ҫˡ
϶ؿˣʱȫȻû֮ǰǰǿưԵģھһߵС޵
СʦһԴ﾿ʲôأͽô᲻Ҫ㣬ͽҪľСʦˣͽÿ춼ҪܣҪһֱСʦͷ
ϵţҲֻǺûзԹԵص˵ͷ
ԺǸֳ糿һĻͷůůģĻϵůǰġ
Ժ󶼻ԹԵģСͽҪҺòãҪҶûϵֻҪұá
ܺϲϱˣԼĥСͽ꣬ĺһԼӻᱻСͽˣǵʱԼĲ֪ôˡ
ǿнСͽߣʱСͽҲԼҲԼָӦԼˡ
Сͽĺϲϲ㣬㲻Ҫ뿪ҡ
вϵ߶ţӸǽؿĻԼů⣬ԼϢ
С˻ĥ˺һ뿪ˣڱϵСԼǶӡЩҽŲ
Ƽ˵͵ЦȻ˵
ʲôⲻǺܺÿôÿͽϲĲˡ
˵Ĵһǳǲ뿪
͵ǵС򴽰ȻŽָɿˣֻһȴֱӴֱ˽ȥĻУȥµĺۼ
ֻεϵӡǻÿ£λöĿҪѪˡ
ҾǷ͵ˡ
˵̧ȥˣ˵͵ЦЦŽԴĻҲЦˡ
Ƭ֮һ㳡ϣ㳡ϵʱĻڲһƵֻƵеŰһ˴ͽ֮ʧˡ
Χ࣬ڿһŽ֮߳ʱһ꣬Ȼˡ
ΪƵ˹ǺĿͷǸ޴ĻֵֹĴͷΪʲôԼָԼĶͷƬ̺ŵȥԼָɻس˵
СʦΪʲôͽӰͷʲôǹƻ֮
˵ּȥͷĻ棬ͷĲ⡣
ĻǿԲŵģöȻͿ԰ȥţӦŵˣСͽѽ
ʻҲĿĻϣͷԼСͽ߳ȥһ˧ˡ
֮ǰֻΪֻһСƵˣģȻڹ㳡ˣһ˵ģ
ҲʱȺгɧΧ˿ʼĿۼ˹ʱʶԼСͽѿɻһףôλεĴŵȻǼ˵Ŀ⡣
ڼ˼ΧʱҲע⵽ֽᱧȻ˲Ŀ֮·ԾȺ̤ˮ˲Զ·ϡ
Ⱥдһ֣һĻֿ˿Ⱥ뿪ԭء
һ·ݶߵЦĻдЦţЦỨˡ
СͽŲⷬվѵһ
뵽ԼСͽô·Ծǿ治ʲôܴӵֱӱԾ·ͷһȵվţƵΪ֤¶û˻š
ҲںƼҲ˶ãСͽΪҪҲסġ
ݶĿӴĳУֵĽֵǾµ̳棬ԭСʦס˶ʮ갡
뵽İʱһ˿跴һ˿ϲãϲԼСʦֶһ˽


102 
ݶƬ̺ǻص˵ϣΪܵʵ̫ҲֻѰٵλţȥλסõļҡ
ߵ˹վƱϣͷдվƺѰ·ܻؼҵģСʱʼסԺҲûлعˣҲֻϡǵùվƣɾһ·㲻ʶˡ
վվǰţƺһҲûƳȻ
Ѱ𣿡
֪Ǻõʱȴʶ̧ͷԼĶߣȻЩεص˵ͷ
ȷʵѰʱ̫ˣҳзչЩͷվһҲʶİ
ô죿
Щ֪ôˣתĻУͷܡ
ȻԼģǼ˰ְԶԶؿһҲãԼ֪ǹΣԼܹһЩ
˵ǼһˣѰѰһʱҲ֪ôˡ
СʦļӦûĶɣЩͽӦѰš
ǳǳػӷĻ̧ͷƼ΢Ĵʱʶ˵ͷ
ҲͬʱƼһӾͼûָѾ˳ȥָ˵ǰΪһʧǵУֻ֮˲ƼҲͲĻᱻ˷ˡ
Ȼָᱻֿôһȴǻᱻע⵽Ҳڹվͣ˱첽վָ̨ȥĵطȥ
·һĵָǷѰԼĸĸɫһЩźüضϵ̾ڱϵе֡
ģֻҪСʦлһ˿ϢָѰ
ȻܵǵʱĻҲֻеĵǹԹԵص˵ͷɵͷȴȻ᲻һ˿ֻıš
ǣǰ˼ӱ㱻§һůĻϵů㣬ǹѹָˡ
Сʦͽһжûµġ
ů̧§ԼˣžµʶЦ֮ŹԹԵ˵ͷ
Ƭ̺ߵһ̳ϣ۵ЪѰһ̨ţվڱϵҲҪڻŵʱȴһƸȥˡ
֣ݣͥ±ȥɾͲˡ
ϰĻзҲֱϣִҲͷˣɲ뱻һȺ˸Χˡ
ǰ콣ʦԼ˸ԼСͽʲôִ˼ҸͲ֪ʲô콣ʦʦǾֻ֪㣬һ㣬ԻΧ
뵽̾һֻһȴȻĻУõɴۣز
ȵʱѾϣԴſľѴʶæֱȻ˵
ʲô
˵ֿʼҪĻӳȥ˺һް취Ҳֻŭ
ԼʦΪǱСͽҪ࣬ΪʲôѶûа취ա
Сʦͽˡ
һҪԼĶȫ˻ȥ̧ͷȥֻҽԴĻУ
·ֻŲ̋ױϽ˽ţڱƬöеˡ
֪žͲˣ
ԭ˺һ뿪ָҲʱˣָֽģһһجج֮§˿뿪ԭء
ҲʱܵϮ磬ѳʱͿ϶ڵϣֱ㿪ʼļȻŭس˵
ͽɸߵ㣬Ȼһĵ˻Ϊʲôֵֹˣ㣡
ȻЩ˵ôģҲ뱻ǵǶһΧۣϲЩЩᡣ
ҲźƲ֮УҲʱӭһܿͻקס½Ȼٱۡ
ȻʦͬҪһ˵СʦʦеǿֻרƼײϿͻʱʶ
ڻĲֻʻͻĻƬ̣ΨһûоŵĿҲһˡ
ֻһԾˮ˿ͻƬ̺̤ˮͷһڳ˿ͲĿ֮·뿪ԭأֻЩ𾪵ĳ˿͡
Ѿ뿪˿ͻظһͷǹӾŻδȫɢȥ
Сʦ𷽲ǸʲôôΪλͷĪǱ𣿡
һǺسѯţڷɹͻʱƼͷŵˣֵ֪Ķʲôֻȥʻеˡ
ų˻дЦԼҲ֪Լ˵˴΢ǳǳЦˡ
ڻе洽Ц˺һֹסˣȻ§ľһǣȻų˵
СͽɰǸʱյ˷ܹеĹߣͺڵࡣ
˵ָһǳǲֿĻС
ǺͷЩȻûĻҲ⣬ΪҲҪȥЩ
˷Ƭ֮㵽˳ϵһСУſ˴ӽڣ·ϲûʲôˣ˳ʱҲû̫ľ
Ϥİ·Ƭֿ̣֮·ϵϪһǰز
ģ
ԭΪԼҲѰˣȴû뵽Ȼһܹ̤ϻؼҵ·鼤֮¾Ǻۿ
ԣޡ
Ҳʱӱ§ű˻УůϢϯЩĵص˵ͷȻŴĻгˡ
ͷ·Ȼʮǰˮ·ȽϵԼ߹Ŀӿˮ·˵ƽˣԼסԺʮ·Ƭ̺˱ѰһС¥ǰ
ΧС¥ͷ˻ݣǿŵǼˣͻȻÿ綼ؼҳԷʱ϶ǻؼˡ
뵽̲סߵͷűߣһ˫ȾڴͷϣܹǸչԼʮԼȴûչ˵衣
ֻűߵöû˳֣еڴҲʧȡˣ֮¿ĻУС֧š
Сͽÿ綼ҪؼҳԷһ档
ʵˣǿеˮԼĻе˵š
ĺ룬룬ټһ档
˭ôҼſڣ
߶Ҫټһʱ˵ȴǵٴĻ̽ȥһƼ˴TվڱϣͷżȻǸմӳл
ǰϤˣҪ˽ĻУǻδͱˣֻΪʱģ뵱ͬððʧʧȥҲֻоˡ
֪˼㽫۽ǵỨȥˣ֮Цſ˵
̣ǳεģҿҵĻܺÿԾվ˼ھߡ
һȫźԼԼȴҺ˵֮뿪ˡ
뿪ҵ·Ƕ̶̼ˣǾĿڵλ۵۵úһ㣬ţˤڵˡ
Ҳûͣ²ӣֻΪ裬뱻赱ǻˣ뱻ָ
վڱϵ迴·ԼˣϸģǾúۣ뿪ʱع
ֻú֣ԼӦòʶӲŶԣҲ֪ΪܾþǿԼİʶ
Ҫ뿴ҿɡ
˵žԼ˵ʲôֻûзڶŲ˿ŵ
лҪ˵ϣһo(ini)o


103 
һԭ׼뿪ͣ˽ŲЩתͷΪƬ̣һ̧̱ȥͷŻƿȥ
ʱԺоƮ˵Ļ㣬Ļ̳Լֻ䣬ڽƼ˱ˮе
ƮʶҪȥֻδ㴫ֻ迪˵
ҶϲĻܺÿɡ
ǾϲģʶͷסԺʱԼͳ˵Ҫû뵽Ļ֡
ֿ֮ߵϣˮȡһЩˮ˷ɫĻͷˮ˳Ż껺ˮУһƬ
ÿ
˵ͷӦˡ
ȻֱУͷϤİϤļҾ΢΢ۣȻԼסԺҲûлعҿǼеĶȴǵ
ڿеʽӻǵãСʱ򳣳ڵǰſƬֻڰְ°֮ǰѵӹصɢȡ
ͻȻʱֻԼСʱĿҸ
Ҳʱָ⴫ǰͷҲ˳һͬ˹ȥƼڲԶһʱ΢΢һ
Ƭ꼫СҲֻʮ߰ģ֪ԼΨһһ뿪ҽԺĵƬû뵽ƬȴԼ
ʶҪ߹ȥƣĶȴҪһЩֻߵֲ˲ƬȻְһЩ㣬Ƭ̺˵
ҶӰ˿ˣ˵Ҳɣǰһε˵ҪңҲֻǸζѣҸϡ
˵˳ֻڿС
뿪ĻУ˫ֽק½ǿеˮϵسš
Сͽ˵εһ˵һ
Ǿ仰ʱͿ޳ˣôҲû뵽ԼؼҾȻĲԼʱ边ȻδԼǵ
ԡ
͵͵ˣűرвɬҿ޸ҳϣҲֻܶĻвȥеʹ
ԼĪƬ֮кõ˳ڲ輸ͷȥһͬڱϡ
ҲͬʱƼۿЩ΢죬ͷǳǳˮʶȥĨ۽ǵỨĨȥŻȻЩ˼ؿ˵
Բ𣬶Բ𣬰̿ۿΪ˾뵽Ҷӣ޵ʱҲǰŲҿޣ˾һ͵͵ؿޣҲ֪ô뵽Ҷӣĺ񰡡Ҫģһ̶Ϊǰ̵ˡ
˵æȡһֽݵֱŽƵǰ
ڱϱƬ̣ĻԹԵص˵ͷȻ˵
ôĶ𣿡
ǳǳЦЦͺҽԺжȹʮǰɡ
ģŲҶӿɳĶƯģЩҲһϲЦҲЦʱ򳤵úÿôһЩƽʱ̫˸ܼˣʱһԺܲѰϱ
˵һЩֹס˻ͷҲȾһ˿ɬ
֪ͷĻʲôǿͷɬ̧ȥҲͬʱܵԼīȥеɬ
Ƭ̺ͷɫɫ֪Լ뿪ˣĲá
ֻ˵һĻĺòðĺһֱͰְ֣ϧԼһİ˲ټˣ϶ûѰԼ鷳
뵽λȻЦ˵
ɫЩˣǾͲˡ
˵֮׼ֻһȴˡ
վǰͷֿҴææȥͷЩ⣬ֻǵȵʱͿһСӡ
ӣ̾رԵҶҲԵСʱһ黤𻯵ʱû÷Žȥ룬տ񿴵ҶһҲ͸ˣʱ䡣
ĻŵݹһСӣźаŵһССͭǮͻȻԼСһκۡ
Ƭ̺Ųֽ˹ȥȻЦ˵
лл̣һһֱŵģȻ㶼ҶҲж㣬Ǿ͵ˡ
˵ӻȡһˮľУӴ򿪵ʱͷһɢŵӣӳֵʱܶһƬﾹЩˬ
㯻飬ûʲô̫ôǺÿѣʱһЩ
֮㽫ӵݵȻ첽ʧԭء
վԭصӻȥͿԭӦվеʧˣûӰĿ첻ѣֵ֮ͷһͷ㯻ʶŵһĻζġ
Ҳͬʱע⵽㯻Źвһ˿Ϣһ̱
Բԣ˶Բԣ
ѾտҲĿƬֻ̺ȴЦ⣬Ϊİˡ
Ѿ뿪С¥һɽ֮УȻ§ľĻУһ̿޳
Сͽĺǣĺ룡
ʵϵشڱϵֻɻе˿޳һСˣذš
ԣ˲ˣͽء
˵֮Ķһǳǣּ֮š
ɽʯּЩžʱɫҲžɽҲҹ֡
һ˫ˮĻаûгǰĺڰʶֽۣԴľϲһ
𣿡
ߴ˵͵͵ʻűԹԵ˵ͷȻŽԴ˸ţǵůǡ
ҧƬ̧̺ͷֱ֮ǰˣһŵ˵
Сͽȥסĵط𣿡
ͻȻЩȥԼסĹأһҪȥǶ֤ʵһ
ԼһִڶСͽһڶֻӡΪСͽͳԵ󴥷ֻӡȻŴԼȥݣԼȥأ
ԴӻصһֱͷԼȥݣ
ɻӦš
ɻЦЦȻḧϵɴƬ̺Ц˵
Ӧ֪ĵһΪڲŵֻӡҲǵʶ鿴ʱƼǸ壬ǧǰʱеֻӡϵ㱻Ƴɵҩʱ㿪ֻӡһͬ˵ڶûдֻӡҪȥĹƣҲ𰸾Ķ
˵̧˿Բµҹգһ
ֻŸ߳ȥһӾͱӺͷ˻УϵůЦŲͷȻָµӵš
ǳǳϸڹƬ֮ɢˣЩδıϿҧƬ̲뿪ˣ֮˵
Сʦ˼ȥ𣿵ʲô˻ڵأ
ʵһֱܺԼΪʲôĪ˵ڶΪֻӡȷʵ֪νˣĪǵСʦԴҲһĹ
뵽ֵľ§˿ٷ˰֮뿪ˡ


104 
ĹλڽĻɽĹأǶλýΪƫƧΪĹΧǻɽһЩȥɽ
һ˵·ϳŰӰ֮˵ᱻΪĸԩˡ
ڱϵϸϸذţżϮʱ̧ͷȥҹɫƼԭֻһԲµҹ¶˼˸ǣЩģʶۡ
ǰ˵鶼֮СͽǾѰСɽסźòð
Сɽ尡
ʱͿСͽһͨ˵ûɱ¾ûг˸ûʲôֵֹԼòƻͦá
ȥһ˭Ҳʶĵطû˻ԼǹʦˣԺСͽһˡ
뵽Щ˵ؽԴļͷճյЦ
СʦȥСɽ壿
ϵֽ˻УȻŵѯš
ʻԹԵص˵ͷȻЦȻǶ˵Сɽڴǰ㰲˭ֲڴء
Ƭ̾Ϳ˲ԶĹ԰ſڣֻ޴ƷϿŻɽĹĸ֣Ʒûںڰ֮ΧûžЩֲ
ֻΪߵ˶ЩɭǺ⣬һ콣ʦɱһĹ£һʦͿ֮ϣӵǧ£⹫ĹͷʲôƼҲǶԶԶġ
ˣǺǰһʱһ߶û˵˵ʲôģסͷһĹֻӬû
˵ű̾һɲĵĹ
ʱĹ˿С˵ܸſʱǸĹŶҲ֪Щʲô
Ĺˣ
Ĺֻͷйֵ˵ʲôҲֻѹˡ
˺ܿ˽ȥĹ԰ͷûУһĹţÿһĹͷƬ
Ҳֻǿһ۾ͽŲˣˣССĹ˸ҲûʲôƵˣҪҲȥԼǸڽĹˡ
վڱϿǰͷԼƬĹεЦЦû뵽ټȻ龰
̫䣬ϵҲˣ־ͽ˻УĶͷϸǡ
ԣԺͽһֱСʦԶ뿪
˵ḧı͵͵غš
ֻ໥֮ʲԶȴһ⣬һ̾ͼһɢɫָϮˣٶ֮쾹Щûж㿪
ǰ뿪ԭ˲Զƽ̨ϣڿǶָʱ΢΢һ㶡
ָ
ֻԼһ˲еָΪλʱУһôһСĹ԰ͷ
ͬòĻΪҲָ֪һУǶָˮҲ˵ѷָֻ§ԼСͽŻС
Ҳʱڰгһźµӣֻ˽ݶ˺֮У˸Ʋģ
һȴϳ˾ԼĹˣֻǵԼĹÿ춼ǸСͷҲôţżҲǴֻС˵ΪʲôСͽָ
Ǹվǰͷв˲죬ܿ߾ʹϤϤЩţֻ˿˵
Сʦ𣿡
͵͵ػһ̾ͼѾñժһͷīɫĳɫ֮ĶҲͬʱ¶˾µݡ
˿̧ȥˣߵСͽϻɴһȻֽĿ˺ϡ
ڷΪԼСͽܵǰͷȥ۾κˣСͽĻǰͷԼСʦ˭
㣿
Ȼ֪˾˭ɿԼСͽһģһʱȻǲɵóҲͬʱƼеľĿЩۡ
ǰ˲ԼСͽǿǰʹĿʱ̲ס
СʦԭͽǲǣѰͽǲǣͽĴˣͽˣ
͵͵ϴˣֱ㳯еʹȫ˰ûڣûڵķ·Ҫһ㡣
˫ʶҪ̧ȥӣǻͱ§˻УȻ̧ȱ˺ˡ
Ǻ˾ͺ֪Ķһٶ㿪ˣȻ˱Ĺ԰֮д
ڱڵǰͷüͬʽָͬһģһȫˡ
һһףԼСͽϲɴ˵ʵЩϲ˭˭ˡ
Ҳʱ֮˿ٷֱ̧Ҫ˻ȥڿͷĳʹʱ֣ͣ˶§ű˻С
ϤůϮˣĿǰˣ˵ʽָģµһ˵ůȴûֻܹ֣ΪůԼСͽʱԼͷѪȾԼϢŻΪů㡣
ɳСͽ֮ⲻֵܻڶӵůˣǣԼСͽ
뵽в𾪣ڿԼʱͷ𾪶ûɢ
Сʦͽˣͽɱɱ㣬ͽĴͽĴ
͵͵ػȾžŵڸܵʱʶҪȥ
Ƽվںͷеָʱ֪ҪɱԼеˣҲСͽΪʲôСͽ
ȵȣ
ɻ֮ʣƼеָ£Ҳǧһ֮סָûָ뻳еˣȴҲȾѪˮ
Сʦ𣡣
Լָˣζû뵽ԼСʦȻΪһĪе˶ԼĽʽԼû´ʱѾƶжˡ
֪Լ˼ɵȴȻˣζԸܡ
ʱԼСʦ𱻱˱ţͷ⣬һֱסǿнקԼĻУҲͬʱָָˡ
𣡣
ָλ˼ѾĻ˳վǰָš
ں֮ȴֱͷ˸ȫ˻Уע⵽Լľ˸ҧˣ۴΢Щڵϡ
Сʦ㲻Ҫ뿪ͽ㲻Ҫ뿪ͽ
һҪ뿪žĹ԰дҧǰһƬڰѪˮ˳žԴԴϵӿ˳Щ̱ĳŵϹȥ
ֻǻȴ˻˺ʹֻĻ޷˫Ҳʱˡ
㣡Ϊʲô㣡
ĻЩѵҪ˼ȴΪҩЧȼȳ˫ˮۡ
ǲϴķԼ뽫£㱾/ģ˳ûκνⷨ˸˵Ȱˡ
ΪʲôҪԼ㣬Сͽ
СͽΪʲôָΪʲôů㣬ΪʲôԼĸоϤ
ҪЩ˼ް취ǰãӶ˷ӦһҪϿҪѰһ˿⡣
ָⴥľʱúüҴȾ/⣬һ˫Ÿ͵ζš
ҪҪҪ
СͽҪҺòãҪң
ȾſɤſڱҧľͷϵԼӡǣⶼһҲҪҪԼҪĿҪˡ
§˵ٶ˺ϮָȻ˲Զ̨ͷע⵽˲Ťӵһŷ˶ͬʱϵغҪſžĹ԰ͷصš
Сʦ𻹸ңСʦҵģҵģ
Ҳʱǰͷٴδ˷ħ̧ͷȥͼѾϮˣһü֮±콣⣬ָźϮȥ
űƵֵ˿˿˲ԶͷŵɲǼǲ˽粻׼κ˽
Сʦ𻹸ң׼׼
ĺûȥǽѾЩʵ˷ϣ֮ԼͷŽ˱ȥ
ڸܵǰϢʱֹס˿ȻȥǰˣѾûʶѾֲǰ˾˭ֲ壬ķֲ塣
۷ֲֵ֪ԼǾԲԸñԼӣһҧԼԼһЩǿǻ˵
Сͽ𣿡
͵͵ػȾſЩС˵ţļһۣ֮ĶӦˡ
ҲӦˣ֮С
߻⴫˻ûȥ˵ʲôֻרĵö
лҪ˵ĹСͽ


105 
ƾɵСڲϵеΪûһѹŶЩϵشĺ䴫Ʈ
ͷɫͷע⵽΢ʶֻۣ΢֮»ζţϢ
ѾǵԼҪԼٻأҲǵԼһҹʲôһж˹켣һز
һȵů֮˫ȲŴ汻һ˿˹ʶۣڿǰʱͷԼѾۼľµӡǡ
Ӧûˡ
Ҳͬʱǳǳس˵
µĻͷѣԼǴˣȻΪСͽͷ˾裬ձȥһҹԼµĶ˻ԼСͽˡ
ԼĻ
Բ𡣡
֮˵ţӭһǳǽеĻȫѹ˻ȥ
Сʦ»ͽһ㻹᲻³ç
ĻȾȻǱˣýйСʦҲֻܽȫͷϣȻҶСʦ㣬һҪɱ
ٴȻϴһſʼѣʱδһѵɵϣ౻մȾĺۼʱۣСʦ˰
лЩԺЦ§ȥȻĴ깴Լ࣬ǹ˺һɿˡ
˳ŵʱ򿴵˹ڽͷĺˣžĿԼҲ֪ΪĿȻЩۡ
СʦСʦСʦ𣡣
˹ڵϲϵҪ磬ȴζֻħغš
˺һŽĿϣŴӦ鼫ȻЦų˵
һˣȥ˭ɡ
˵ȥǰͷƬ̺ߵ˺˵ǰ
ע⵽еĳʱЩϤϤĺƴ˭ƼҲʶ俴ˣͻȻԼȥݵʱСͽҲֳԵĿһֱԼ޲Լѡ
ǣĲͬһ𣿲ȻΪʲôơ
ҡ
һɻʱȴ˿ڣĻƼһڵģԹԵص˵ͷɲͬһˡ
ֽ֮ĿڹڵϷħϣԼõݷȻĿָ֮ݣϵů⡣
ҲʱԺгй˵ǰ£в𾪡
ˣǣСͽ
Сͽûκεļеļ뵱ȥʱԼʱļһģһԼڵڶʱ䶼һģһСͽڶļ䡣
ڲ֮վڱϵˣûһ˿ʱٴεͷһȴƼжĻȴշת֮龳
Ҳͬʱ͸˵ĻʶƼ龳ߵԼ뵽Լ龳ʱδСͽСͽǺͷԼģѵСͽ龳ʱʱʶ˹ʶŻһͬ龳
֮ƼʶһֱԼֵʶûԼһͬǸʮ·ڶ꣬ҲԼڲϵһꡣ
ͬһʱĻþȴ˲ͬʱ㣬ԵһֱԼĹʵСͽĵڶԼҲʲôС˵ʵСͽԴ
֮ջȻ˼ͷ˾֣ζţԼСͽȻԼԼȥݺȴûм
ûмҪ룬¡
뵽̧ʱȾˮֻۣĿں̵̣Ҫˡ
һδع֮˽ĻУ˫ֽק½󣬵͵͵ؿŻˡ
ԲСͽôöûϳ㣬Բ𣡣
ĶԲô궼δϳ㣬Բ
Сʦ𣿡
˵ԲһĲ⣬ɿ޳ذţԼСʦ
ĿڿڵϵʱеľʱƬ̣Ŀ⣬Ŀǵ̫ˡ
СʦδݵʱԼܻһЩֵΣεԼҲĿ⿴һˣǱԼŵȴִδ˵ģ
ٴμĿ⣬ʼԼǲҲš
ǻǾֻܿš
Ĳ֪νˣǲԼСͽҪһӶ֪ˣǳЦſ˵
Сͽĵڶ龳ʱһͬˣʱǰĹ԰й㣬Բڲϳ㡣
˵̧֮Ĵ꣬ͺֲһҪԼͳͳȫ
Ҳʱߴʹ˹ڵϵˣеʹۡ
ȻĻ뿪źһͬ˵ϣֽ§˻УϵůɢʹϢǳЦų˵
ԣСͽҴûйֹ㣬ҲСʦӦҲĶźŹǸСʦδĳһģһҪԹԵ𣿡
˵֮㽫˴ӻб˳ͷӿʱֽһһȥˡ
ԭԼСͽǧ꣬ƼԼڲϵŴСͽҴûйֹ㣬ûС
ǧӦõȵĺ˰ɣôôɵһֱҡ
СʦͽĴˣĴˣ㲻ҪҺòãСʦ𡣡
͵͵غˣɿ§˵ȻʹĿ֮·һɢȥĻʶɢȥͷ
СͽʹļԼȴ˰ɣȻСͽͬһˣԼ֪
ԼյĹ⾰ӵеڶСͽ˵Լȷʵ˲ˣһֱǵһĻ»ʹ࣬ͬô˻ǸһԼܻСͽΪ˲Сͽ·ĨȥļΪá
ţǳǳЦЦȴһ˿Ρ
ԭԼСͽǰһҹʱСͽж
Сʦ𡣡
Ҳʱһӱ§űĻУůϢЩԸİ
뵽СͽҲǹе۵ûʲôԼİԼǰ˲¸ˣָظľȻ˵
СͽԲʱӦúʹɣԲ𣬡
Ĳ֪СͽԼôԼȴһҹ£һҹ
ģĶԲ㡣
ҴӦδһ㣬ֳŵˣԺֻһ˵ġ
ֻҲֻһ˵ģҰ
ǴůĻͬһĶУⷬ§˵ӶӲˣԺиǳһλһ˸ŵԡ
δĳһģһҪԹԵ
ǶγŵͺˮһӿķδԼļԭôһγŵŵСʦһԼ
ֻһ˵Ҳֻһ˵ġ
ϲռķһȥҧĴ಻ϵǿӦԼ
ˣԼˡ
žĹ԰ֻ໥ӵţ˭Ҳûע⵽һĹϳһ⣬֮п˺ʧĵطǶ龳ڵλá
ʧɲǼ龳ˣ龳֪ԼȥѰСͽˡ
뵽˵§ľȻʼӦĿҧ΢ſǰ˽Լ޾֮С
лҪ˵ڶʱǺ͵˹һͬ龳ȻִСʦ꣬ȻŸողСʦĹ԰й꣬ᵽĹˣǸĹ˾(*^^*)


106 
§òڽ˳ǳǳӡʶ丧˸ǽͷˮĨȥˡ
Сʦ˵һ˵𣿡
Цٴδˣص˵ͷѾǵ˶ٱֻ֪Լһֱͣصͷÿһʾ͹ԹԵصͷҲôʮˡ
˵ģҲûгˣôѯԼ
ÿһѯ֮һǣÿһҪãֱʵǴ˲űŹˡ
Ĺ԰дһգҹʱ׼뿪ˣΪ־ҲûʲôҲֻԼ뿪ˡ
ԼǰŶѾ⿪ˣҲʱȥѰˡ
˵˻Ķ͵ڵҲΪǲ֪ҪνͷռΪС
жԵ֪һԼͲΪǽϰһҲҪΪ˸ĴۣܻżԼɲɱǵѪˮŵԴ
ȻſȴҲļ尾һھһ֮ܵʹЩѪˮҲѹὫɰˡ
ǲ֪Ǻģˡ
뵽ԴľѴ˫§ļǳЦ
֮ȴ֪һסͷʹĵסڱһƬڰ֣ԼܹᵽһŨѪζһڴʹš
߻Ѫˮţϸȥϻһ߲žҲǴĿġ
ʦʦ
ĺҲʱˣϵ˲ϵشѹʹͺƿҪħһ㡣
һź쳹ʣеҲʱȻٿܣԼɽ·ϲһ
ôˣج𣿡
ע⵽Ѻͣ˽ŲȻѯţ֮󿴵ҡҡͷҲû˵ʲôǳɽȥ
ڹ·ƬǰͷȴЩЩججˣۺ󿴵ǰͷԶĺڰţʲôȴ֪ˡ
Ժ֮½Ȼָǰͷʾȥƣ˵ĿǳǳĿˣ֮»Ĵʻ㣬ü
ߵԶʱǰͷļҲǣ˿һںҹ֮жһڹĹϣһʱҲ֪뵽ʲôŵһЩ

ĺˣӱŵЩ˵ˣΨһ˵ҲֻǸˡ
ʶܣʲôûƼɻؿǣһƼ˱һŮǶϵ˺۴ԼҲ֪ʲôһ˿
ߣô¹ǾĹɣ
һ̾ͼһӴһ磬õʬӵ滺˳ݴǼʬͬ֩һ㳯ż˿˹ȥ

ڿ֩ŵÿٳźͷȥڼǲҽһ˿ӣЦ
á
˵ֽ֮Ŀ˲ݴԱϣŮСŴĻȥȻ󻺻ߵ˵ߡ
ע⵽ŮӵͷմȾм˼ҪҪæȡ£һ뵽ԷŮӺͷиҲˣƬ̺ѯʵ
û°ɣ
ֻûеõʲôش˵͵͵ؿʲôûˣһĻΪԼǲǼˣôػûС
׼صϵʱڵϵȴֻ˵
лл
һлᣬȴҲˣ˺ôǹǻˡ
ɻѯӾͱ§ĻȻһЩҲͬʱŮгһпٻѣֱ°ڶȥһЩ
ŵڵƬͷ⣬һ̱ҪֿȴˣͬʱſŮӡ
ǻˣӦѾˡ
Ļ΢΢һ㶣첻ԼһҲûвǣһĻȷʵǻˡ
ͼŮԭȾˮϲѪˮһ˫һƬͷտҲ֪Ǳȥӣ֮ŮЩӲվеذ׻ϵس˻š
ʱŮѾû˷ǸеֻǶһ£ͺƴͿӳĶרΪ˿ʳ/š
ŵǻþ
ŲΡΡʬüſһĻȷʵǼ֮ǰߵ˿Կȷʵǻˣȴôһʬ˼Ǳ˾˻þ
ԼûзֿӦ˻þǵԼˡ
ѾǿˣٿصӦþڸ
˵дһЩȻ㳯ܲ鿴ţһɽͷ˲ٿصҪǰȥʱȴѾ˵ǰֻǿһ۱̧Ž·֮§ɽͷλ÷ȥ
ϮīһЩƬ̺§˷ųɽͷϣʱɽͷϵѾ˵ǰȱ˵Ĳݴ˵ʱȷʵվţɾͲ֪˭ˡ
ĻѳԭһҲʱƼݴʲô΢΢⣬˲ݴԺƼͷһֻССĶɫ˸ŵ΢⡣
ֻһ˿죬ֻǹӲȴʱȥˣֽ֮ص
Ƽʲô𣿡
ѯţĿȴһֱڴڵԼڡ
ֻǵƬҲֻҡͷ˫ֽˣͷ۵ȴʲôҲû˵ֽ˱˻ȻѰڵλȥ
§ŵȻƲҲ֪ˣԼضǱˣʶ̾һ
ҹɫֻ֮ƼһѩɫӰڰ֮зɹвҲǺԽеöü
ԼĪƬ֮ѭ˳ϵһСͷҹɫµСֻ·΢ţû·λȴһƬžЩֲ
ڼžСֽ֮תеһӣ֮ǰǴģǳϤһҪۿǲǸˣǸԼСͽƭˡ
ɵſȴֻڿʲô˳ѭԴ˹ȥͼһźȹɫҵŮѾԼ
þ
ǰͷԴԴˣɵñ뵽˻ɽǶĻþֻǿɢϢӦòǻþʬ
һСôôʬһûб˷֣ܲСѾûл˰ɣ;˲ǡ
Ҳʱǰͷʬ̧¶׹ǵƱϮ˹ֽ侱ֱ֮ӽߵ˵ϣֻɱһֻСͷȴгɰǧֻ˿˳СֵСڵС԰ڡ
տС԰вûʲôʬЩʬȴڲϵĳС԰λϢԴԴϵĻ˵ܣĵϢ
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˵ϵһʯ컬Ϯȥʯ֮»Ϊһ齣ֱӴ̴컬ݣҲ˲们ݱ̳볯űϵȥֻ䡪һ죬Ѿصˤ˵ϡ
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107 
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ǳǳЦˣûںڰеˣתƼòʱȾ˲졣

ߵݻǾƯȴǱ֪Ķʴֻʣɭɭ׹ǣ۵ӶѾʧĴĿġ
ʶеĶԼģżʱЩȷǲˣɴʱõİʱ֪Լڶĵ
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վںڰеĻЦЦõȴиǲϵ֡
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ʱԼɱŵˣ˵ӳȥҲôΪϸߵĵӰˣڳԼûзֲŶԡ
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һһͷ⣬ƼһħģҪ֣ɻѾ֣ͼָ˵Ŀֱ֮
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ƭԼôڻƭԼԲǰɱԼǻһյʼٸߣ˾ԲܻţԲܣ
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īҲɲǼ仯Ϊ˰׷ȾѪˮԽžЩĿġ

СʦѾˣСʦ𣡡
Ҳͬʱվһǰ§˻Уһͷʱ۲ѣֲϵذš
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һĻţһҲ˾ͬΪɱһΪԼźôãΪݳСͽԼСͽ꣬ԼСͽһڹС

ˣĿˣֻҪһ뵽ԼŮ˽췭ظԼСͽԼҪˣҪƷˡ
һҪɱһҪɱɱ
ΪǷħƬ̺ЩĻУỺˡ
ǧ갡СͽһʹĻǧ꣬ħĴ꣬ԼΪһ
ԭ˵ԼģôĻôСͽϲǴô

뵽ϢĿ۵Ƭ̺뵽һ⣬ΪʲôҪԼڵԼڵһССĳڵ֪ģγԼĵУһԪӤڶûе龳ǣںͷ
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Сʦ𣬵ͽɱԺǱѰСɽòãԺҲˡ
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ĻиϴůۣԺȴȫĻԼСͽĥԼʦĻǲ
ʦŻһŮƭתǰɱЩƭԼҲǸ϶ڱһҪɱȻѽͷ֮ޡ
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á
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ʱԼ֪ǵļƻԼҪСʦ᲻ΪԼ᲻һ˿ãûʲôûУСʦֱӾ͸ˣһԼһֻۡ
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ҲͬʱƲϳɫа𣬿аɲԼ֮
ϳǿڵǲǻᱻ𣿡
ȼƲ֮еаʱҲʶܾ뵽ڹľİԵԣ˵Ի˲ǡ
Сʦôһ˵ϲûбɱ˷ڶɽͻơ
˵ͷƲķȻ˵
ճֱضǸӣȡʱ䣬ձһֵȫûľɽʱ콵ѩ
뵽ڷгһֻӨ͸ѩĶ֮ѩɳӳ˶صλѰȥ
Щ϶ں˻Ҫˣǲ֪ǺʵȥԻĶɽ֮лһ
û£ڶɽҲʱ򣬵ѩϢѰȥµġ
ӱ§˻УĻٽҲֻܹԹԵص˵ͷͷ֮̾һ
϶Ȼܹɽô˵ҲҪһЩϱضѾմѪˣѹҪѪΪѾԪӤڣɱ˱ض࣬ƵЩʬ˵һ˰ɡ
ϿڿԳʿǧǰΪ˶ȥԼϧСͽΪնԼɱţʱյɱˣ֮ˣ˹Ŀ࿴
ϹȻ֮˾ʦҪĺݣǵһʦɲǱƭɱŰĥ˰Ҳ²ûдһˣŵӦǵһǸϣЩϹϵǳΪ϶ɽѾ׼㻤ϵضãǲ֪ʲôϵ
뵽Լģʲôܹ֪Լ»ȥǵ¾ˣֻϱѰԼӦòǵ£ǾֻʣˣòǸŮɡ
ӦòɣļӦòǸŮŶԡ
ҡҡͷͷĲȫҡ˳ȥŮǲ벻ӦԼˣǵץѯһɡ
ôˣ
ҲҪҡͷ֮ȴ˵ǵű̧ͷȻЦҡͷ
ҡͷȻһĵǣͷһ˿⣬ȻЦſ˵
ûôûԱ鲻ã˭͸һΣһĹҪΣ
˵֮־ҪȥѣϸǲЦ⣬ȫǽթ̾
ôȥԼĻ̲ס˰ڵϾ͵ˣһ뵽ⳡѩˣֻûгԱģظ˸ݡ
Ȼͽ㡤
͵͵Ķ˵ţ˵ɫĴ꣬۵ͷʱЦ
ϲܸıһˣڵڶʱǸû뵽һԼ£ʱȻҲЩϲĿȥϲĻıһˣΪһ˸ıˡ


110 
˺һűŸմ´ˣҲֻǳЦЦѡ
СͽźĺܺãΪʦһǡ
˵űһǳȻЦŻԭλĴ뵽˷ŵ̲סͷײġ
ոЩֺˣԼȻСͽҪ˺üأҪСͽĴ̫ԼŲô޽ƣ뵽ЦǸˡ
Сͽôǲ͵͵ǲǣ
ΪԼѵˣ̲סҪȥ˵Ĵ꣬ճյЦš
֣Թš
ǱֵúƢԼŵ˾ǹҲҪţʶ̾һ
ȵ뿪ʱѾƬ֮ǲ͵͵ֽ˰˻С

ڻе͵͵ЦţȻҧŴյĶߣżĻ˵Ļ
ǷЦȴЩҡҡͷЩΡ
㲻ңħʱҿǡ
һԼĻЩˣȻЩ״εĿʼ˵ֻһ˵ĸ˵˳ٱ졣
һƼȾЦתͷٽԴɫȴ
ŶСʦһѰͽģͽħСʦӦҲûЩ°ɣʰͽҪúСʦʲô¡
˵Цڻеһ֪ȡЦԼֱؿȻֶ
ֻǶ뵽ڹʱԼʱǲҪǿҪСͽһΪʲô˵ڡ
ǲҪ鲻ҪǹԹԵص˵ͷǹɡ
ֵʱǹ÷ɿ죬һһ˵ּѾѰѩڵλãһʽСó⴦СЩԶˣ֮ǰ¥̱ԵЩƾɡ
§˿һѩϣصʱˮûֱѩ֮УǿѾѩǵС̧˲Ҫȥ
˻δСע⵽һ絲˵Ķָȥһ̾ͿǰĽ˲ĶҲС֮ϡ
磿һߡ
˵§˼Ȼڷʮָٷɳ˽ͷָ紫ˡ䡪ľ죬Ƭ̺ͼֱָ˽Ȼ˵滯Ϊ˳
˿ָʧȴһ˿ҪѵļûüҲʱѩ֮гϸ΢Ķ֮С˿ٳԴȥ
ԭӦƽ̹ѩȴʱѷ죬ʱѷҲ֮࣬һֻȾѪˮִѩ֮˳Ƭ̺ʬ˳
ǰʬֻôһֻǧֻһٵĴѩ֮˳һ˾㤡
עǰͷʬüͷҲͬʱжڿһһֻʬ̧һŽ߳ʮ֮⡣
ӦöǱѪġ
˵ֽ֮һʬնͷ­ɱˡ
Ƽնɱʬ˵ͷͬĻɺܿƼ˲ԶʶüȻų˵
Ҳ֪Ѫ㿴ֻ
˵ָ֮˲ԶһֻŻµʬźϵظŻţһ̴ֻʬĿŻһѪ飬Ѫѩ䶯һ¡
Ѫ䶯Ƭֳ̺ѪʬѪʬʬسһĻü
ʳ˹ǣ
űʳ˹ǿƵѪʬʶԴĻУֻΪһĻǶĵѪʬ̲סгʬ壬ġ
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ָϮеʬֱӱгǧֻžડžડϵѩУѪˮȾѩؿЩĿġ
ĿӵЩѪʬתƵǰĽУͬˮһĻֱ̌Ҫˣжͷȴ
ʦˣٲҾҪȥѰˣ
ĴЦ˵һͬˣͣ˶뿪˵ԼСͽڴЩѪʬͺƲδע⵽ͷһ㣬ɻ
ɻ֮˿Ȼ˵
Сͽʲô𣿡
˵֮ѣɺܿõҡͷ
ôˣʲô
ӵʼЩĻţĻͷʶ§˻УͺԼֻе˱ʧһ㡣
ϵѪʬڲϵ·ţ̧һӱаһ·ȥֱӽµʬȫճ˻ҽһֻ֮µĳԴԴϣһʱҲ֪Ͼɱ˶ˡ
ڵõҡͷֻΪԼˣ֮ȴ˵Ļһ˿죬ֻ˵
ʦǧǰɲѶϣôǱʦѹ˼Ӷĥƽһһ˽ƣסһˣ㯻黹Ǻÿ
˵Ļ˵ͷ⣬һ̱ҪĻѳȥɺܿѹȥˡ
Լһ˽ȥСͽضգְϱضѾ߲СͽΪڸҲȲǳʲôԼ»滤ˡ
뵽һ§ľȻ֮ȥ
ཻȾЦ⣬˺һŴĻ˳Ĵ΢Ƭ̺ų˵
СͽҰԸⱻѹԹԹһ
˵֮ҧҧĴȻֱӽ˽֮УĻ˳ȥСڣīɫĳҲɲǼ仯ΪžЩĿġ
ڽ֮еŽԼƿַСڵӶζԼᱻ£һȥԡ
Ҿ֪Ҿ֪СʦǸƭӣȻһ˽ȥˡ
ųһҪӽгȥΪȴζȥյ˫ֽճȭͷ
һ
֮ѾʧӰ
Ѿ˽źͷ̾̾˫ֽק䣬ð춼ûܴӿл
ԤлȥһᱻСͽΪ
˵̾һ
ͷڴû˶ǿٳͷȥˡ
СЩΧ˻ѩڵ洫ûˣ̫ʶӶһЩ
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̲ˮüֻǻ鿴˷⣬۵Ϯһӽӭɨڵأַ̤֮Ʈѩ˲Զһϡ
ʦ㻹ǧǰһΪһΪɵˣ治֪Ϊƫƫѡ㡣
֮гһЦЦ֮ǰͷǴ¥ڳһֵˣЦǴдġ
űħƵЦţȡ˰һƬѩָһһѩֱϮڵλãѩ˵֮»ǽϣֻ䡪һǽֱӱ̮ˡ
ҲͬʱѾԾ¥ݶϣ˾ôֱš
վϵűīڵЦ֪ضѾһó˰׹ǣ޵ĲּӶѾʴˣǿ³
ǿڵȷʵĲӦҲʹɣÿձѪͬЩһغʹŶԡ
űЦ˵ԹضЩɱˣԹȴδҲΪűʴ챻øɾ
죡ֻҪȡ㱾ڵҾܳΪˣʱҾݵһˣ
ЦˣѾЩü
ΪǱݾʦЩͷͽҲȶͽҪ׶񣬽Ϊһݵһ˾ɱԼɱˡ
ΪԼȻ֮ԼҲδɱκһ޹ˣǰЩ˱ƵԼԼҲݡ
ȴΪһĪеĳƺŶɱˣħˡ
ȡڵΪǰǸ豻ȡʱΪ㻹ܰõĶ㵽Ҳǹ̫ʶ˱ʲôˣûϵð䣬˳֮ˣˣ
˵Ⱦһ̾ͼһѩΪ֮ʱȴ˷ݶվŵϮȥֻѩݶϴǡľ졣


111 
һӣͼѩȫͣ˰ҲƬ̺ƮѩΪһѰѩɫУĶгݶվŵ˿Ϯȥ
罣һݶϣֻǡ촫ݶȫǡ
Ų϶ˣһԾŷжĽг˰֮еˡ
ͬʱҲע⵽Ϯٶ˽̧һϮȥ˵ƷһһɢȥЩĽжĿ˵档
ԼһƵˣǳªµݣﴽǳЦȻ˵
᱾ڵǾ
˵֮֮پ£˻ҲͬʱջƿָȴһϸСָ˵ľȥϧ˿ƶ˹ȥҲ㿪֮˽ϡ
ɫĳվ֮󻺻΢΢вЦ⡣
һˣһʱñԼ͵Ļһڵʵ±ϣƫƫñСͽҩģǷҵĵһ¡ڶˣ˽ƭҺСͽװ˷һǷҵĵڶ¡һҲһٽдδȴǰɱҸڲƭ˵Ҫ㺦ıһıСͽˣ˵һֱˣ
˵˲ԶλãȾķǰͷˣȻħģ
ԼСͽ֮ԻУԼֻӡ˱廹ҪˣеĹΪһˡ
뵽ϵɫԽˣͷָҲڷѩ֮·󺮹⡣
֣Ҫ־͹Լռռݵһݣһжã
ЦˣЦ֮еǿȻϮȥ
ӭȥͬʱΪָָĻΪķϮǰͷˣָ֮дһҵĽ
뿪ݶ̤ѩ˰֮УʱƼǳָӭϮĺһѩ֮лΪ˱˪ֵ̧Ϯĺ
ֻȴͬǿһٸʴǰ˪ͼƮѩ˺֮󶼱ܽƬ˵档
Ҳͬʱ˪۶һֱӽУֻ֮һźڲϵ䶯žͺʳʲôһ㣬վϵ˿һĻЦͷȫǿȡ
᲻ڵұ㽫һΪȫգʱȻݵһ
Ц֮±ʱѾûǰɷеֻǱħռ˫ͨ˫ȫǶڱصá
ҪΪݵһˣҪΪ֮
еźڲϵ䶯ţԽ䶯˱Խ˷ܣеĺҲʱӿȥһͬź֮С
谵ȻѩƮ䣬ѩںϱ㱻ʴĳƬ˵棬վڱϵߵЦԽˡ
ֻҪٹӣӺʦΪ㶼ҵˣӣ
˴ʱѾȲҪĽΪˣֻҪܵУǹˣˣ
ʲô
ֵʱ֮дһȾЦе˼ȫ˻ڲ֮пŻڱյĺ
Ҳͬʱ֮дһ⣬һ̾ͼ˪˺ͷ˳µȾЦȻûܵźʴ
ԭİ취ҵΪ취ǺÿǶûá
˵еı˪ָת»ΪѽЩ˪ͺһʢһתţĶ֮ͬ黨һٳϮȥ
ۼʮϮȥҲٸȥ֮ȡһѷı˪˵棬ֱײһ
˪˵ĺײһҵĶһ̱콣ڱ˪֮¿ɢǽ˵ķ˿ˣ˲δ˶ٲһ
ı˪ٶȼ쵫˵ĶҲͬĽԽǿˣɢĽСڵķݣֻƬ֮ЩС¥ٵˡ
ݵ쵫Ͼ˼ֻ뽫˵ԴȻСͽһȥ棬Լͷʱ乻ˣѾܹԤ뵽һСͽôʰԼˡ
뵽µĶԽӿ˵ĿҲԽˣ˪ٻľͷһϸСĺۼ
˲ıһ̿Ծ˲Զָʱע⵽ͷѪ󾪣
ô˵ңôܣ
Ŀ𾪡
ΪʲôܣΪ㽫ΪΪҪ֪ӣڱǰԶվ
еʱЦϵı˪ǰһͼһɫĽ⻯Ϊǧֱӱˡ
ǧѹѹһƬϮǰͷžЩˡ
ɱ˽ˣⶫǰƭ˸ܺˣģ˱ضҲǱˡ
׾Լ絽ˣҲôµԼͷѪ˸СͽûԼ㷴͵챻ѹš
뵽ЩεЦЦܿ㽫Ц˻
ٴλ˵ľʱѪˮܿӿ˳ñ˻ֽš
ҲͬʱԼڵȻܵӰҪԼӳȥôԣԲԡ
Լôʱɱô˸ԼŮȥΪصԼǰȫ׷ˣ׷ˣ
һҪɱһҪɱ
õĶѪˮӿ˳вɱ⣬ĿȫҪ
֪ضܵǣصУԲЩ鷢Բԣ
뵽ٶĹȻ㳯һ˵С¥ȥҲ׷ȥ
ڵӰڳ¥˲ʧˣ¥ʱǰͷտҲ֪˱ضǶˣű˪ͷ˽ȥЦ⡣
˱֪һô㷽ŲǻҪڵǲҪ𣿡
߱߿ڵ¥䣬һǳЦţûмͣǳŶϵλȥ
вϤˣߵ¥2ŷʱͣ˽ŲǱȾЦ
ҵء
˵֮Ű׼ȥţֲŸŰͣһӰʧԭأȵٴγֵʱѾˡ
ҵİԼǱȾǽԼҲܲµʲôЩ̧Ųߵɳ
ʱע⵽ڷڲ輸ͷһƬȡ˹еı˪ضɳƬֻĿȴһֱŽյţЦ⡣
ڶе˿סǱֽϵ˿ȥˣѾЩѣֻΪ춯ʵ̫ǿңǶÿѾߡ
ԽѹӱԽľͺеɢȥһЩš
ߴƬ֪ڿУ׼Ӵ뿪ֻǻ뿪ȴһ޴ĽϮһű߷վͷ
ҵˡ
ǳǳػ̧һӾͼٴˣҲɲǼЩѵĶ㿪ˣǽֻ䡪һǽֱӱƷڵ¶ͷһƬѩ
֪㯻аɣһҲ֪㯻֮ǰ˭ŵģɱҲˡ
˵ע⵽ĬˣȻʱٷɳѩ֮УӰԵЩǱ
뿪Ц֪ڵԼѾ˷ɣԼҲŲסһоͻᱻȫɡ
ֻǿ㯻飬㯻ԼץԼĸĸ
뵽׷ȥһֱ˵ǰеĲʱǰ˼
˽
˵֮Ľָ˵ǰֻҪһ˲ܽԴ
ҽ˿ԵҪڵΣӦÿ԰ɡ
˿ģ֪˵Ĳûд˹ȻߣڵʱĽ˸ץ˲Ȼûһ˿ˡ
ֻΪͬⳡȴû뵽һӾͱ˿סˣҪڵȻͣЪеҲһͬв𾪡
Ҫڵ͵Ǳڹ㵱Ϊ˭֪֪𣿵µһѪʱѾʼˣһ㽫еĥȻΪѾ˶ʵԪӤڶûй֪ΪʲôҪĥڵΪΪҶ׼ģôҲֻΪһ˰ˡ
˵ַ̧˵ǰһ̾ͼһͬˮһٴ˵ڳ˳ԭΪĺкͬ˳èһɰ
Ҳͬʱʹغһ̸³һѪѪȾ˵档
ܣܣ
Ļͷһ𾪣ǲģһҲţԼôãȻ³
ܣܣ
ĺˣһƬŭҪɱҪɱ
СèһĺЦŽĿ˵ϣȻһŽ߷ѩУ̧֮ȲľЦų˵
ǲǺգ㾫Ĳ߻ȴһⶫȴصҵӦҲǲĵġ֪Ĵʲô𣿾ץҵĸĸȴûã԰Ϊ˶ͿԽɱˣϰϣôҲڵʦñħٿ˺ͱ٣ȻΪɱңҲǱúˡ
˵̧һӽ˹ϣһ̲ʹһۣҲͬʱٽ˳۵Ҳһͬ˳Ѫˮӿ˳˵棬Ŀġ

̶ĲҽˣЦŽϵһ̻˻ӽӸ˦˵档
㵱۵ĳǰٰҵ۱ǻˡȻۻǾģӽҺһǰɱң˿ֻˣֻ̫ɱʵѽͷ֮ޣҾúô㡣
һ֮еı˪ٱʮЩĶֱϮˣ֮вҽˡ
һѪⱻʱͷԹѪ⽥һЩȻǺ޵
˴вԼͲֵ㽩ԼҲΪһڵУΪǧꡣ
˼ٰɱԼᣬԼһ˫һ˫ȸòˣһ˵һƻ
ѩɢѪԼͷЦһ̲תͷȥ
ͷĲҽڲϵشżŭͲںˡ
߳СʱƼĻǣ̧һӾͼһпϮȥֱĻǣһ仰û˵궼ˡ
Ҳ˵ȥСſڵʬȫΪѪˮѩ֮УʵƮѩɢˣһоͺƻصԭģ
ǳǳЦЦֻЦ֮ע⵽һ˿ŭĿ⾪ٿ˻Լڽеˣǻŭģ˼ҪҪߡ
δ㴫ֻ˵
СʦȥĶ


112 
һСʦȥĶ׼ߵĽŲԭأššȻգգŬļ飬һ̷˵ĻС
Сͽ̫ˣ˼ҪˣǸ϶ʵ̫ˣ˼ҡ
ԴĻĥţȴһεεģü
СͽÿƯˣʦһһ
ֻϣܱԼŪ˹ȥֻ⻰˵ӾͱǯſĻУ˫Ҳŷһ׵С
СʦΪӣǻȥںúˡ
ߵϺõļ̶֮УԼܳͷͷȴֱӭ۹ԹԵ˵ͷ
ҲЭ˿뿪ԭأϮɢ·ϵĻѩǶ֮ǰվˡ
ܿ죬֮ǰסΪѩҲûʲô˳Ҳ͸û˵⴦¥֮ˡ
ԭܷŹԼƼǻȾģʱŵ˲ӹԹԵվԭء
£
֮ˣЩŵ̧ͷȥû뵽Լ£ƼǸʢŭģҲҳع˵ϣٲȻһСϱģ
˫ֽק°ͷίԼǵСͽһȥ²ԼȥģΪʲôСͽҪԼ¡
ֻⷬɲ˵ڣ˵ԼɾͲǹôˣͷһ
Ϊʲôһ˽ȥСʦǾͽĺǲǣСʦͽǸп޵ˣ˻ֲ˾һߵ
ŹڵϿҲۣһ뵽ڷžȻԼһ˽ȥˣҪǱ϶˸ô죬ľȻԼ˽磬
ĺ뽫ԴڿͷװʲôԼǲĵ£Ȼ㶪¡
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ͬʱֿȾίĿժķֱӱ㽫˫ҪԼСʦˡ
黹ôίͰ͵ؿԼǳԶԼܲί
ĴˣԺҲˣ˺òá
ȥߵקԼ°ڣĴ䶯Ƭ̣Ȼίϴˡ
űüС컹ǲ˵ÿˣժԼֱӾͲĴݼ䣬ȵһеʱע⵽Լģ/˵Ҫ˰ڵ۸
ܿѹǹͷתƬ̺˺ͷ˺ߺԳȻת
תͿѣѾɢ˵ϣǸģֻһ۱ˡ
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˵ֱȥѣֲŸȥͱ̽ȥֱȵһĻʱűˡ
СͽĴˣ˺òã
֧֧ˣΪݼǷ˵ʱһģģ̫ģȴúȻЦ
Цֽ֮§˻Уָظĺ󱳣Ȼų˵
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113 
˴뿪ѰһΪ͵Ĵ䶨ʱͷĴǺ˵ݣҲֻ͵͵ŲûгѯʣżмҲ򷢵ˡ
ϵľϸϸؿҧţָͣ
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ſھҧľȻ˵߻˫ţЦ⡣
˭ź˵Ҫˣ˵ûԱСʦǸСƭӡ
ȾЦˣڻȵĻЦЦ߽ԴľѴ
֪˵˭ҹǱҪ˿һҹ뵽ʱԼСͽǰ޳˵ģȻֽԴ
󻹾òĥţƬ̺ų˵
СͽСͽ˵Ҫˣҡ
˵ŴĻ̧ͷǳǳЦš
СɽΪεĵطһСԺӣΧûʲôھӾֻйͺͺһӰˡ
ǰõüһȴſҧŴݺݵƬ̲űɿˣ򴽰ֽĿͷ
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Сʦ㻹ǵǾҪͽĻھòã
˵ҲǷԸ⽫ľϣڲȦ֮ʧָ⣬Ƿŵһжǻþһ㡣
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֮ͷһμʶûûҹҪҪûϢоԼҪˡ
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114 
Դ֮͹ҹźӣҲԽˣŲԸ·ţ봩ѾԷȲ趼ҪιſϣȻÿǺܹԵġ
ԼСʦƳԵĶƽʱҪ࣬һЩϲԵĶҲòôˣһЩֵֹĶصϲһűȻ
һӼϻƼСʦڽһԼĶϱȻţΪ֮ǰҲҲû֣ǽȴСʦȻͷ֮ġ
޵ͷ˵СʦһͷˮȻǲԼ⼸СʦֺԶԴֻˡ
뵽滵մСʦȥѰƣҲͬʱƼСʦӴﵽ¹ϣ¹ȡԼˮѴȥ
ŸǲˣȻСʦƽʱҲдԼѿĪͷһΣòԴĻ˰ɣԼҪҪԴ
ԲԣԴԽԽҪȥѰЩ黨źҲܺˡ
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СʦԺӺŴӰ˳ųԺӵɻĸȥ
֮ƼСʦСʱʶЦģôиôأѵСʦ⼸װи
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֪ԼͲСʦЦҪˣڿɵòСʦһͷѪһԼСʦ˭ܺСʦ𣬳㶪ȥߣ
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СʦԼһ˵˭ǸԼĺҲڿſűߵĹʱǺ뽫Ժͷȥ˭Ҫ˭Ҫȥ
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лҪ˵עŶСʦĶֻǷ˸ͷѣҲʮ£ǸСͺͷдһСʦͷѪ۾ε(*^^*)
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115 

ΪѾһˣ֪ԼͲϲվΪԼԭźһֻ۾ҲֻԼ뿪˭ᱻˣԼһ
û¸Ҫҡ
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ڶȻòȡһֻݺݵشţߴ߳˵
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Ҳӱϵ¯תƵϣɫ΢ģÿʼ֮ǿʼֵ˵
ſſң
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Լ
֮ͨǰͷľɫҲһֻͷ緽ǰѹˡ
ٽڵλòԶʱ˳ǣΪͻԳа˻ȥۼ
ҪȥĶ
Ȼ֪ͻ磬ͻ羿ȴǲ֪ˣҲֻܲȥѯڱϵ
ڿﴽЦЦ֮߾ʹֻ˵
ͻҹŻῪʼȥȥɡ
˵סƣܼĽֵȥ
ڱסֵͷڿ˽˫ʱɵüԺиǸֳ˷űǿǵʱ־ǿƵıԼۡ
ʱûо̫ģʱǣŵʱЩҪָ룬ֻƼǸЦʱˡ
ԼѾǷˣھܾԼ治Ǹˡ
뵽ѹͷĲһ֮ͬС
ڽϹŵʱЩˣɫҲע⵽뿪˽ֵֻΪҪȥͻ磬ɵȵطʱŷ־Ȼһй
ûںڰ֮ейֻͷЩţΪ˰ԼһֻӦҲܻԼȥʲôֵĵطǣҲ
ֻȻ⴦йЩӦǿ˵
˵Ҫȥͻ𣿡
˵ֿЦŵ˵ͷ
ԣͷҪȥѰһȥͻ磬ЩƧƣ˺ܺãǽȥɡ
Цŵͷ⴦ڵй֮С


116 
һͬйŷͷǱͷҪڣڵƲǰͷˣǣ֣ԼʹƲҲܸܵǰˡ
ֻڸƬ̺һ̨ף֮ˮӦڹţȻָһͣˡ
һȥͷˣѲϲ˽ȥ
˵֣ûںڰ֮еǹһĨóѵЦЦлų
ûκΪȴûܿЦǿضֱӳȥɵɵĶͷ
㡣
˵ǰͷûڵͥԺҲֻʣһˡ
ҹϮֻЩʶ££Լֱۣ˫ȴĴš
ڲô硣
ڵͥԺ͵͵ֹţͷЩ⡣
ԼĪվһӵڶûгЩˣǰȥѰ
ĲӲŸտȥȴһʹǰǳһƬģ˼һˣܿû˼
جج֮У˽ӱĵһӦѰˣûӡеů֪϶һЩĻŵġ
Ҫȴһ㶯ûУ˼ǻȫ֪Լʲôط
ֹƬ̣ߴӱŪŲ֪ʲôƣһ̱ѱ˺ԭ˼Ҳ˹
쿴ˣŶòƷҪ˯Ƕûо
ǣǣ죬Ѿ̲סˣӰװ۵һǸ
ۻ֮΢ŵķҲˣһ̾ͿǰΧżδѵӣʱԼϵҲ֪ʱˣֻһЩƬϡ
ģ¶˾֣ȱǿǵʱҪ֣˵ǰһɵǵǰȴ˵ˣ˺˾һ㲻ϵŲӡ
ʲôˣǲҪ
ĺܹܵԼ˵ĻŲв˾ţں¡
ʲôˣˣ콫ס̲ˡ
վǰͷӿǰ㾪ֵģֻûȼգѾ̲סҪ˺ݺ۸ˣָűϵļȥס
ǿаѹڵϣЦֱѹϣƸš
ſң
ѹŲϵܹܵЩ˵ʲôܸܵϵ¶ȣÿһθöģú¡
ʱͻȻ˰ҲԼʱԼŭͷԾúܶģʱֻôʱҪһ㣬ĵҪˡ
˫˫űѹڵϣӱǰͷѹ޷ֵķ
Саڿ޳һû˾Ͳˣ
ЦˣۻĻǱҪ룬ĺӳȥӲҲˡ
ΪʲôԼֻǳɢģΪʲôˣ
ſңſ콣ʦʦһᱻʦɱˣſң
Ҳʱ֣ԭʱԼֻԼԼȴġ
ϵشǰһƬģĺ롣
콣ʦʦôܻһʦ⻰ҪǷŵʦǰ˵ᱻɱˣҲԽ̵̵㡣
ѹϵ˿ſ޳˵˴ЦȻȡһ׳ֿӺۡ
ⶫˣǾʦúýѵ㣬Ҳʡ㷢ײʦ
ӵĻеҲһͬȥ˦ѪҲһͬһ˲ϱһѪۡ
ʹҽг˫Ŀˮӿ˳
ңң
֮д˺ѷεزҽѪζŶС
ڲԶŵﴽЦõв
һֻҾͻϲˣ֪֪ʮ˺ܲά콣ʦķȣҾҪʹҪ裬ʲôڵͳͳںҾҪʹࡣ
ݵĻĿдƬ̺뿪˵Σ·ηʱģеЦˡ
ϵغ֣ˣҲѾ˱ˣĿġ
űЦȻ˵
֪ء
˵Ҫ뿪ֻǲŸ̧Ϳͷ̴ӽˣȻǰ˵˼䣬յҪɱˡ
ôҲû뵽̶Ƭ֮ȻѾѰˣԭ뽫ڶȥٽ󣬿ɴʱ˵˿ûˣѾѰйѰعѲ˶ٵʱ䡣
뵽Խŭˣ֪žӦֱӾͽˣʲôûУ
ֻҲѾûʱ˼ˣֱɱˣѾԲ˺۵ȥ˽ϡ
ȻûƼҲã϶
ֻǵǽ˶ºȴûƼֽǵλһŮŮƼģʶȥѾȥļüһ̽˴뿪ԭѰһƾɵӡ
ЩأŮž;Щ̣֮ӻȡһЩҩ׼ˡ
жͷ㴫ŮΪߣôƵطӦԼȵйϵˣǿû˺ڰ֮С
Ҳ뿪ľű㱻߿ˣһѾӣԭʢŭĿȴƼڵϲ֪ʱȫȥˣδϻ˺ۣƼһЩɫĺۼ
һĻ˫ȾѪɫôҲû뵽Ƕ̶̼ʱټԼСʦȻٵཫ˱ֻ˫ȴڲϵزţǺ¡
Сʦ𣿡
ܺѾˣѾ뿪Լˣ̽Ϣʱ˶ڲ
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ָʱֲûκκۼˮնûУŵĶˡ
ûСʦͽˣͽʹ뿪
ȷ˺Ҫ뿪ֻߵſʱȴͣˣĿŮŵλá
дһ˿л⣬һ˵
նл׹ȣ¿ǰٽл
˵뿪ˡ
ڱеŮҲӽ˳ȻǺĳ
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ڱŻٽҹʱˣгĺʲôûˣԭӦþķȴҲֻʣ˾ռ
ŷħۣԼûǿǾͲӳȥˣǲӳȥͲЩˡ
ûˣûˣСʦͽͽ
ֽϲҽе§˻аţǻеȴǾƾˮӿ
ſңſңҪ
޺һ㲻ϵµĻڲµĲԸ⿴κˡ
ֻ֮Ҫ˿ͻһĲҽУüײǽѰҹҹſСʦѾǧٻˣҲˡ
ڲԲȷպѡڻǵļˣŽѹˡ
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лҪ˵ﻹҪ˵һ£СʦǸɾģʲôûзСʦһǸ(*^^*)


117 
ʮµĺ
ʱİܲʮ꣬ҲһʮĺȴɱȫҰһ/ҩҪ׼ҵ
׼Ҫ׵һҪ˰׼˵Ǹʱʼ֪Լǲǿֻһ󾹻һˮĳƺš
Щ˵ֻöģʲôأֻЩ˲Ųģ˵ĳʳ˶/ҩȻҵԺС
׼һҹųΪݵţ׼ڽ˶ǵҲû̫ϣͺͲһ
뿪˰׼ҵİ̤һ˳ɳĵ·ܿ˱ٽǸȴΪ˽ڵ
Ǹʱ֪ΪʲôѰԼ֪ΪʲôԼٽ֮Լһ֮һصĻᱻĵط
ԼĹԼ޵ԼĴ齣ΧûжҲûлˣеֻĺѡ
ҲһͶıͬǱԼ꣬ǱȴҪ࣬װ׾һϻźͯۡ
ЩΪʲôɰȴҪѧǸģżԼ˵ɱȴǴδ˵ԼҪɱǲǸͲ˵
ʱԼƼŵʱҲųȥÿضֻܴԭأȻȻû˵
ҲΪû˵ԶĺԽӶˣΪʲôԸ˵ΪʲôҪװһ˵ģ
ÿԼȥѰǻᱻͻصѵУȥһξͱͻȥһξͻᱻͻôԺͻȻֺϲоˣϲһѵо
ԼһֱȥţֻҪһԼȥϣñԼͻȥоܺá
һٽһˣһúܺÿȴˣڵ˵ʦԼЩȥˡ
ԼδͱץȥˣҲƼʦ𣬳ĺܺÿ˫۾ͷɫᣬ治֪Ѱһʦ
Դ֮ԼͲȥˣǻſڶױ
ڶ֮ȴǸʦץŶȥ˵Σ֮ԼҲȥڿЩĥķʱЩˡ
ãΪһֳ̱ˣԼͳ˵ΣȻԼԼ˵¡
Լһ˵ԭ˲ưѽԭҲǻ˵ģ˵ô
ҲʱʼԼŷԭԼϲǱıԼŬȥ׵ˡ
ԼЩС˼һ֪ˣǻ٩űҲ±ƼԼ˵øˣԼҪ
ĻģԼܻȥһϣȻͽЩ𶼱˼һϣķۣżһģʵ̫ˣǱǲԸԼ
һĺģû׵һƾˣĵ·ưǸǷļһ
úɽȴٽˣ˾˻ȡЦԼǿֿѷǵøкҩɡ
ȻȡЦԼô֪οԼɱȱǸöˣԵϾͱưź˾ƣԼһκȾƣܿ൫Ǻͷıƺ񲻿ˡ
Լ׺˶һҲֻ֪֪ԼһΣεѰԼ˶һԼãǿϧֻǸΡ
ڶʱԼ޵УΪԼǸζģԼЩ˵ȥѰ˱Ǳ֪վɾųȥһûл
ͷЩϲȫʧˣûϵٽͺá
ȻԼһϲ˱꣬һҪȥʱȴǸ˼ʦ˳һΪʦɱţʲôѵʦ
źԼȥУ˼һ˵Ŀ˽ȥƼڴ˯ʱЩϤ֮ǰǸʦŲһĸо
֮ǰǸֻᣬʱŵ˿ɵģѵⲻͬһ
ĺɵɵĻӡǾȻһҲ֪ԼҲͦϲģڿȲ·ʱϸ˿ԭ˶
ûжͰ˶СʦܿɰҲɵôɵɵĲᱻʦԵ
СʦɵɵȴܺãǺʦ˹ҲܿͻָˣҲ֪˵ʲôá
ʱԼѰʱܿСʦʦ۸ʱ۸ͷģСʦ
Լÿÿÿ˶ᱻŻѵ˵ʲôСЩãԼҲСѣʲôá
Լ֪Ŀܻȱ࣬ѵñôҪȻҪװܲúøС
ȥѰСʦʱʦ׼ȥɽ飬ұҲҪȥԼʦԼǰÿضᱻܵȴӦˣǵһθűһȥܸˡ
ģûϵԼʮеʱ䡣
ǸʱԼΪеʱȵȴû뵽ɽ˱ʣݵΧɽǽСʦȻ֪Сʦ𾿾ʲô£ҪСʦǲܵġ
ֻٽϾֻһȻʵǸ߲űǧҲһԼ˴δܹ˵ʦ֮󱻳ڵϵʿĿˡ
ԼҪȥȿ뵽ʦ󽻴Ļڱڻ³ΧȥѰСʦԭСʦǱʦͳȥˣʦ޷֧ͣСʦӦɽ֮УɽҪѰ
ԼҲˣڳ˻ػ굤ǿȥѰˣڼȴ˲֪ڼ֮ˣ̫ڶǴԼ϶ռϷ磬ҲʱưȴˣưǱһͬͳѰСʦģٽȴɽ֮УӳľֻԼưˡ
ʱôˣưΪԼͻƳȥһ˵еˣӳȥʱ򿴵ư򽣴ľͺɽɾһˡ
ܣҲܻȥΪһȥô˽ԼͳͰ׷ˡ
ԼѰСʦʱץСʦʱԼȻǴض˵ע⣬ֻԼȥѹǡ
ЩԼСʦ˳ȥԭҪ룬ԼʱģѾԴ뿪ҲֻܴСʦѩܡ
ûΪȻǱѰˣԭΪЩ֮Ӧöȥɽͷȴû뵽ܾȻɢô࣬ҪСʦԼ룬ܹΧֻܽɱ˲ܴСʦ뿪
ɵɵСʦʦһѹʦѹ˱һҲĶԼҲģСʦһҪúõġ
ֻԼѾ˼ޣɱͷ˺֪ԼĴЩѾˣСʦһһ¡
ҲʱͻȻ뽫ԼϲԼܼˣСʦ𽫻
ҲԼһζű˵ĸ飬겻ʵҲ̣֮ǰΪԼʮ֮Ժеʱȴȴû뵽Щ£񲻽Ȳ˸ˡ
ԼȢԼͷȢٽǴѵȢסֻǻվֻǻˡ
Сʦ˵ȻٽñȢԼܸˣʦ˵ıһͬ⣬ԼϲԸģԸԼǼŰɡ
ѾȲˡ
СʦԲ𣬹̿ҪˣһҪúñԼ
ľͷϲ㡣
ƪꡪ


118 
ꡣ
ԭƣͷСӣĸʱΪѪˣΪǲԽͷ
ʱҲֻˣûչûͳԵ͸ؤֱڰ׼ſѩİ֪ԭϻôɰˡ
ԼĿ˵ĲͬûûкеֻůůЦ⣬ѩ׷ɵԼһθܵů
Ǻܿͻ˰׼ҲûгˣԼ֮Ҳ׼ſڶţÿζᱻӳȥ֮ôſڶʱҲԼһ·ȴԼ˰׼ҼҶȡ
ҲʱԼˣϵѧϰϵŬٽѾݼĵطˣҲ˽콣ʦ
һʦִһʮСС￴ȥܿɰ۾ƻ˵һرÿԼúܺÿ
ʦԼҲʱԼ֪ɰСаܣʶСհ׵ʱԼһڰ׼ſڿСѹô죬ԼͻȻǲǵǰſСؤ
ԼҲǵãϾԼǸʱǰĳªСôɰԼ̶ܹͷʲϡ
֮ǰΪֻٽסʦȴԼһֱסʱԼܸˣԼôСҪԼסһԼܿĻҲܶࡣ
ܿȥʵ̫С̫ˣܾԼֻҪһͻÿζСģ˵˵Լһ˵ͻ˼ҡ
Ҳ֪Сô춼ſڶ׵㣬ʱΪ뿴ʦʱԼʧ˺ü죬ÿʦҪ½ͻȥҲԸ˵ΪԼԼ˵ڵĻԾһֱװԼǸư͡
֮ÿһ׵㣬ҲǣʦôÿСϲҲģÿνȥʱͦĵġ
ֻС׵һͻȻмûԼЩ͵͵ȥѵƣҲʱŷԭСˮˣԼŵСﾹȻˣá
Сϲʦô죬ˣԼСͺˡ
ҲʱʦԼȥ˰ڻͷӳһˣʦ˵ʦ𣬿Լʦô˴δ˵ʦһ¡
ⶼʦ飬ԼҲûʲôʸȥ֣ԼֻҪСˡ
ӻʦСҲ͵͵СЩϲԼ˵ʲôҲֻԴҪȥ֡
С˵Щ˵ʲôܿˣʱǸСӺ˵˵ɲúʦͽ˸˵Σһ̡
ɲɵģʦ̵ʱСȥԼֻܴС뿪˵Σʧģʱһοڶ˵˻СǲĿ⿴Լˡ
֮һʱСͺħһҪԼ˵Լ˵ʲô˵ϲС
СҲֻʮ꣬Լ˵˶á
ǼһǼ֪СϲʦǵԼͷ˵ʲôϲңҪϲԼԼͽץȥˡ
ΪСԼԶСɣǺ᲻ãСܣÿζֻ͵͵ȥѵ
ԼԶôһɶҲ֪ܳưưúɽѵȻʹСﵽңüضʦ
ʦҲ֪ΪʲôԭСݣʹǺСʦʦκҲֻǷڵгѣʦʦЩˡ
ԼСȥǰƣСǲϲȥǰǰǸư֣Ǵ֣ûٽˡ
һưɽСȾƣưҲǸڵģ֪СﲻȾƻȣѵͷ裬ԼϹȥʱûЦ
˴ưק˹Сƺʵ̫ɰˣ֪СϲʦԼȴ
СĴҲ㣬ֻǺܿԼͻˣû뵽ԼȻҲ֮ΣڵڶСѰʱüһǽСˡ
ԼֲСֻܶŵСˣСÿҪȢؼҾͺˡ
ȻԼȢ˿ҲãȥɽʱСҲȥʦЩΪˣԼͦ뿴СԱʦһȥ
ʵԼܺڣԼûʦȥҲСͲɽˡ
ݶΧɽʱٽ֧Ԯ˼ȫʵкõסŵΧʦ̴ˡ
ҲʱС˵ҪȥѰԼҲʱͻȻ˱ʦͳȥʦ˷ֳȥ֧Ųɽ˵һɽʲôطˡ
Щ˶ɽҪȥϼѣȥҲʦСʦĿܻͷԼҲСƴҲֻСư˳ȥ
ֻһͻΧȴһͷʱĺܾٽ˼ɽˡ
ԼĻԼʦͻٽʱСûлԼͻΧôöٽߵСȴûлʱԼĻˣѰȥɽ
ȵԼѰʱֻСѾûϢĽӲʬСϲѪˮԼ˺ۣһ˺۴Ŀġ
ԼûüС˵ϲԼûü˵ȢСˡ
ҪСһȥˣڿСһ̲ѪˮԼһŵʱ֪ҲˣԼСʦСʦҲһͬɽ
ҪȥѰʬѾ˼ֻܽϢȥٽҲСһͬٽ
СԼ˵ٽļңԼСһؼˣҲҪؼҡ
ԼڽϢٽʦ˻ɽԼҲȥɽǳصʬԼǱаյɽʲô˶ûпˣЩʬδȼѣԼϵöһЩΧɽɵӣҲ˵Լߺһɱ֮ˡ
ƬƬʬܿʱж٣ԼѰöûѰʦӰʦʧˡ
ԭʦҲȥɽͷѰԼѰȥʱȴͨϵư򽣴İƤϣǵϵԼǿȾѪƤԼϲǴСֵư
ԭڽͳȥưͨϣҡ
յֵɽβܣеֵ֮ܶȥѰʦѰԼûѰʦֱҩʦϢԭʦʦץ
ԼѰȥ˹⣬ǻδѰʦȴʦץˣֻǿŹʦһģһʱԼˣֻΪ
ԼȴҲȥѵȥԼ͵СѵԭΪѵѾǳ֮ˣû뵽ȴڹпѵ
֮ԼֱŹһĹǰԭԼŵĹСģͷŵľԼϲʮС
ʱԼĺܱǸԼĻǹʦĻԭСϲԼ꣬Լȴһֱ֪СԼȢԼҲȢԼ˵
ԭСһֱڵԼԼһЩ˵ǲǾͲˣҲԼѾȢСҲѾһɰĺҲ
ûҲˡ
ԵʦɱԼʱԼûоʹ෴ýˣ±ӾԲڹСˣԼһ׷С
ԲСϲ㡣
ƪꡪ
ȫꡪ
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