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ϥ
ߣձԲ
İ
Ҷ뽭ʱſԼ˸СĿ꣬ҪµһȢµһ
һ·Ŀ̿ŬҶµһŵͷѽΣֻϵĵһҡһˡ
Ҷͷ˼¶ģֻҪµһţҲС
ֻϵ˸ͬһƵϡ
㣺ӽԺֵƣҵܵܡ
ҶһȢ㣬ȴҵܵܣ
㣺ǵܵܡ
Ϊ˸ı˶ĹӡҶ߷˽ˡ
ǿư׸Ҫ㣬С
õҹӣҾͺãڴ
Žͣƴο൥һ֦
ҶܽᣬóۣеûģƵ˵
αxŮװ
ݱǩ  Թ ж 
ؼ֣ǣҶ£㣩  ǣһװɴеİ¹ҷˡԤ  
һ仰飺µһҵģ
⣺ֻҪ룬ʲôܳ棡
==================


1 
ݼַǷСڶ
вĽˣһǰС
ҶЩݳǣпʲô棬ֿǸ
ߵ̯ҶȻŴֲ£һźüĿӢͦǿͲϻһӤʣòһĶǽˣ˶ܺ
ƼҶԴߣߣϸ棬ֹСҹ䣬ֻҪͭ塣
ͭ壬Ҷֹ˴ߵ֣ûǮ
й˼ҶȺˡ
Ҷ֪ЩŵˣһͳһĿĵأ¼ׯ
޵Ϣ¼ׯׯ죬һϵձΪӵԳʮ֮ʣҪ
ҶЩ˴Ҫˣʵڹݣܻ
룬Ҳ棬ý˼Ķʲôñһ·˵Ҫȥ¼ׯ
˳ۣҲδɡ
Ϊ̰棬ҶŪһ·ŵˣûϵһ·ϼҪȥ¼ׯˣŴû
ҶĿһŵϣ˿ȥͲ࣬һװ̴ͷ߸ЩƤƫڡ
Ҷ˽ۣǲԶˡ
꾭ʱҶźۼĸȥ
Ҷ˺һףԶ֮ǰһ춼û֡
Ӷϵ˶ۣĶеɵ
˽ݼУȥһƫССյûʲôҶԾԶľ벻֣ǰ꣬ͻȻ磬ת۾ʧСľͷ
Ҷ¸Ҳ׷ȥ
С˲Ϣ֮䣬Спյأյһôۿϡ
Ҷ׷䱸ʵΪһ·¡
ҶûбץΣôҵģ
˻ش𣬡㿴һ̣ǲʳ߿˷ܡ
Ҷû㵱Ҿ·
·˲ΪԼˣһΣյϢ
ҶͷҲԼĿģѽȥ¼ׯʶ·һ𡣡
˲¼ׯ㼯཭ʿ̾˶УҲö϶Ƿд⣬ϾֻǸţûг֡
뵽Ϊε¼ׯʣΪȥ¼ׯ
Ҷ˵¼ׯбȥ
Ȼ첻֮Ƶˣ겻мתҲȥ¼ׯѰ˴ȥɡ
Ѿ˼УҲѣҶ׷֪꣬¼ׯôȥ𣿡
Ҷ˰æȻڼ󳤱
ҶƫͷҲ֪
Ҷ˵ѣոᵽ¼ׯ껹һ㲻⣬϶֪
ǰ棬Ҷָ걳ĵҲǽˣý˵ķʽˣһܣ˾ʹȥ¼ׯ
걻·ͣ½Ųɣ䣿
ԡҶͷţ㲻Ӯҡ
Ѫʢ꿴ͬһ˵Ļʤ
һεƣǾͿ˭Ӯ˭䣬Ӯˣ͹½үү
ҶĿŵγĵϣ⵶£źâҶžҫۣ⵶ǷƷ
˾öˣҶ۲·еѵҡ
⵶˼ҴҶһ
ᵶȥ
깥飬ϹֱҶͷ
Ҷͷŵ棬̾ðԵĵ̾Ϣ֮еѵͷҶҡͷϧ乻ٶȻ졣
գգۣԼˣȥôա
Ҷŵأڵһ߳ķ϶Խϲѵˡ
ҶʣõӦк⵶ʲô
ԼȫһԷȴˣյ
ҶҲӲӲֻزʱʱ˵ڸˣҲҪ㵶ˣͦģҪ㵱ͽܰɣһûչͽܣžǴˡ
꿪ʼҶӦԣбʹ־Խ飬һڵϵҶһͷ
ҶǸͷ룬ǲˣ
ͷһתתΪӲ棬˾٣Ц֪أһʮɵ뵥ֽС
һ꣬ĵҶָͣסˣƾʹ涼ǰһ˿
Ҷѣ仹üȻȻҿɲ𡣡
ǿŲ䣬Ҷҡͷ㡣
һ䣬͸оɽ̫֮ͼֵȴֽŷ˲
ѵһеأҲڵأ֣ȥõȴҶһ
ҶŵֻǲпʧɫҶĿڵһɨĿڵԿ̵ϡ
⵶в°
겻֪֮󣬸ƣֻǲ֮ܽˡ
ˡЩѵ˵֡
Ҷ񽫵ݻ꣬⻹˵Ȼˣ񣬽ʦ·ɣ
궯죬ԼţûݹʦҲҪʦ
ҶǿҲΪֻǾ˵ź棬вˣȴ·ɣ
û˵ʲô˵·
·Ҷ֪ģһԽŵүҶҲרΪȡĴҶ
ҶЩɲ˽⣬Ҳ֪ģССɵĽһ·ϸĹΰ롣
ҪһɣɽµһţһҪµһԺҪȢһµһˡҪ·ܶңҪЩҵֱ㲻ҪµӶΪ٣ҪҪҵɣΪϯӡ
ĴͷɥĸҶԱߣΪָ·Զ󱧸ۣ룬аǰеĸµӢֵõ㣡
ΪҶȻԸķĴ·лǴһڶҶıͻȻ뵽һע⣬Ȣµһˣиֳɵģȥ
һ˵ǣ㵱µһҲ֪иµһˣҪȥף
Ҷµһ˵
˵ؽҽؽĶŮǵ񽭺һˣɫ֮˶ԸС
Ҷĵ˵ɣûۼģ
ҶɣԺѹŹڻĴţнΪûһۣԸԶ˫޷ֽлʦΪԶԶ˻һ۱Ի˫ĿԸһԶļ䣬ΪǱΪ˻ͳвҵҪȥѶֻһۺԸΪȹ֮
ĽЩϸҶͷ˻ˮֻ䡣
Ҷת߰ɡ
ʣȥģ
Ҷ˵һ㣬ǷʵʵĻͰȢˡ
ģҶĺӺζҲ̫ˣҪȥ¼ׯܽػôתҪȥһ㡣
Ҷȥһ軨ؽֽѵҶġ
ؽŮκӽŮ˶ᱻˣ紫Զ˫۵ĽͣǻؽֻҪ˫۾ͰŮ㣬ԶϱۣȴؽԳﻹȢŮ
뵽ԣ־ҶȻӮһԽɫһֵ
ĵıԺҶתͻȻĹҶȤȴȥһ㡣
Ĵ򲻹ҶֻܺȰ˾ܲ¼ׯǰһۿϧˡ
ҶҲǣˣߵ㡣


2 
¼ׯǴׯɽׯ
ɽׯڽݳʮ
Խ¼ׯĽʿԽࡣ
ıŵвǰͬѡ
ʸԽ𣿡
Ҷöˣô𣿡
ĺǫ飬²ţǸϵġ
֮ϵĶʶҴҲһ
Ҷǫ飬Ͼı̫ˣʶմ˼Ĺ⡣
һʿǰ۹Ҷʵں棬˵ǳ¼ׯׯиʲôôϸϣ
ĿҶһۣ㲻ҲҪȥ㲻֪
ҶҲ֪ǶҪ档
ıҶ͸򵥵ˡ
ܱĻǸҶ𣬡¼ׯׯǸбܽػⱦҲģѹɽׯٷ˵ļױ˵öܴɽׯǺܶ཭ĲƸɽׯ𣬺ܶ˶ö񻷣ϧʧˣȻõ֮͡
νҶͿˣɽׯʲôΪθѹٷ˵ļױôôôý
ĵĽʣҲˣ书ߣȴԽ֪֮֮٣²²ͬʱص
ɽׯǳưֵ֮һΪڧҵȫˣû˼̳УĲƲ
Ҷ졣
ƺ֪Ҫ˵ʲôȻصҷֱɽׯɽׯҶɽׯͬһΪΪڧ¸Ҳ֪Բˡ
ҶŶһЩѾûȤ˵ЩֻܲĽţղΪǰӣж˾ۼ
ǰˡҶ˵ġ
ǰǻڹٵϣмùԳû˰
еġҶ磬ǰȥ
Ҷٶ̫죬ʹȫܸϡ
׷Ҷ̣ڹٵת䴦ͣ
ٵתĵط֧ܵ¼ׯ
Ҷڷֲͣ£˻ᣬ˳֧ǰС
ļҶ˵ߣ룬ⲻʶ·
صûãһƬյأյдլԺլԺǰһ̨̨˱䣬һ磬һǳĽç̨ǰΧŲ˽к
ҶĿլԺյĴϣг¼ׯ֣ȷ˳¼ׯڣҶְĿתȺУȺв·ϼס
ҶΧȺء
ԱǴ󺺣ڸ
⹷֣ſڰ˸ʲôѵ̨Ӯһܽׯ˭֪Ϊ˲ǽȥԼöܽػ
ʲôĴҶһϾ˵Ӯ˻ܽׯ
ͷһۣĿıŵĵϣ
ˣҶƲ졣
ģǡ
Զھʦա
֮еĺѣҶûȤĿ̨Ĵϡ
ҶУ̨˵Ĵ򶷾Ĺܣͣʵ·ᶷ
Ҷ̾е㿴ȥų¼ׯԺǽ
ЩҲǵعأȥͺˣ
ҶžҪǽȥûƳһСʯӷ̨սĽˣʯ˳ŻԺװ˵Ĺƴڽ˵䴦
˵ϥأûӦͱһţ̨
áԺװˣȭ
̨սĽ˲±˵䲻ֻݺݻ˵档
ҶͻȻôһ˼˳ŸղʯӵķѰ˹ȥ
̨̨սսغϣʯӷɳҶźۼһ˹ȥסʯӡ
ѽ˭ҡʯӴں޷ϾۣҶƹȥ˵к
ȺһɧҶ񿴼һĻλãͷ糾͸Ľ˱ȣϹָɾˡ
̨ϱԵĽˣսʤ
Ҷӻ˼ǶȣÿÿʯʱҶƻ
սʤƫ࣬ҲĿȺѰҶôͷӦûŪȤȱȱ֡
Ҷ뷭ǽ룬ȴҵ
䣬Ϲתɶ
ҶֱֻͣжҪߣͼϳ¼ׯ·
ƥͨѩףýɣһ»ˣ°ۣ档
ƥһо˿װиͬɫ֣ľ뻱ǳɫɴڵ
ݳʮСͯһһŮСۣͷ٣ϵźɷǿɰ
Ⱥǰͣ£ۼһĽʿǲç£ȻҲΪ˵бͼ˿̨ϵı䶼ͣ
ؽҽϳ
°ʥҽ񣡡˳ԡ
ؽҽڳ˾
ҶζĿ
￩⣬ŸҶĴţؽҽ˾ͳˡ
ʮҶͻȻðһ䣬ӵˣ
ĺµĳûг֣Ҷֻǲ˾䣬˭
ҶûԱˣǳĵĽ𣬡ؽҽӣҽϮʦֳɴ
Ҷʣؽҽʲôʦ˭
Ա˾ˣûˣ֪ܲؽ
æԲմɽ˽⽭֮¡
Ҷ۾û߹Ҵɽģô֪
﷭ۣûʶǴӴɽ԰뿪ļʡ
̹鸹̣ĻǽҶ⣬ؽҽҽؽһִģؽ˵ҽһƱ꣬ˣ˶ԴŮеƫ⣬ʿ𾴣Ͼ˭и˷粡ʹġ
˵⣬ֲ˾䣬֮ǰǸᵽؽ𣿡
Ҷ񷴲ֻ˵Ů
Ҷ˵⻰ʱĿģŵһɵŵζǴڴġ
ʲôˣҶʡ
ҲװҲǳؽҽؽҽλҽŮɣ
ؽҽĵ̨ǰĽ˾⣬Ҳ˳¼ׯˣһֱյű򿪡
ǳһӻſڣһģ˳ſڣŽ򣬴ʵؽҽԶׯңׯԱΪ˽ӷϴ
ɫĮȻ͡
˵֮ǣǰС
ڳܽ¼ׯ֮ˣ˿ûΪ·ؽҽ֮ˣ͸ˡ
ǣͷϵСͯݳںȺԾֳһ
ǣߣǰٶȷǳ·ҶǰʱζŨЩˣܺţĿûסԽһ
ҽŸղأҶ͸оһ󾢷磬Ʋžһֻ־ʹ߲
ҶĿղŻڸϳŮͯѾֳ޳Ϯ
һδУŮͯޣޱҶţҶ㣬ŶԷСŮޣҪҪ֣ϰӵķ֮أѽʮС
ҶŮ޿Ų󣬹ʽ൱ָҪʹһ
ָ罣棬ҶѸ٣һ±նŮִͯޣŮͯ٣ҶҪһסŮͯȴоеת񵲣ͯҲ֡
ƱһԶҶһӦһս֮ʣ֧룬뷽ֱҶѨҵ϶룬뷢ʱһö룬ֱҶ棬Ҷ˶ȴ
Ҷһ뿪ŮͯվϰӱأüŭȣηˣҾҼСݣ
ؽҽܱΪСģֻһˡ
˻һȺȫҶǿΪ
ֻһ˿ĺǻ㣡


3 
һȺڡ
֮Զʤؽҽڻòɢڽȴ˶ݣò
ȺнҶӲŭΪʦݣ
Ҷϲ񣬸ղ϶֣ľˣˣǾΪ
Լռ
ҶǣȻ־
Ҷ뵽ת˻⣬¶ҵ¼ׯſڱ԰նýׯһ㱻Ϊϱʲô
Ҷʹڳÿһ˶ʡ
澲
ư
³Ժȵؽҽǰף٣ǸʲôĿĿɾͲ˵
ҶɫȻҲǰף٣˺񡣡
òҪҶߵͣ½ŲҶյ˫֣˵Ϲı¾ˡ
ڳĽʿҲζǶǳűܽػģؽҽĳֻСҪĿģׯҪܽػ
Ⱥ˸ͣʡ
ԣҵףٵġ
ׯôҲһׯ֮ҲǴ֮
ҲԶΪβǽׯ
ӭؽҽĹ򶨣ȴǾ壬ɺϵɽׯٷ˵ܽػղأпɽׯ
û˵ܽػãϢʹ齭оɽׯɽׯʲֻССһڣЩǲ죬оçƦͲͬˣǽԸףٵ壬ǰ¼ׯҪ˽ܽػ
˵õϢټлׯ̨һЩʿЩǽ㣬ȴԼ֮ʿƶǵ
һ֮һɡ
ìֿЦ
̨֮£֮˻ǿнׯ֮Ҳ£ؽҽؽҽЩʩѹͻȻĳ֪ߵغꡣ
ŭҶ곤䲻żӣЩ꽭ЩһǺϣ˵кȴֶǷϷˣׯ
Ҷ񱾾ֵģղһ˵Ӿ˫ìܣӶҹ˼£ʲô
ǡʱҶŮͯͯС㣬Ҫɱ
ìͷһϣҶ˱Ŀĳɾ͸С
ȫ壬ӭŹµʣصΪʧѾõıܽػΪݴϡ
һؽҽ˵ĵҪ˾ȡ
Ҳúϲ£죬ܽػйϵ
Ҷδʲôܽػԣⶫʧ֮ͻȻ֣м϶ʲôΪ֪ܣ˵û
²ϵҶ˵˻˵õܽػʵɺϡ
¼ׯԵ̶ķΪƣ°˼ҵ̣ÿ³߶ȥµ̲ˣպһͷ״ƾɵͷǰ䵱ܽػ
ʱܽػֽһϳߴ̽ܽػ˵ǼҴ
˵ΪҴʱ˸˵ϴʱʣ߲˵Ǽģص̹ۡ
˱ߵЦˣ뵽ܽػļֵΪĸ߼ۣõ񻷺˼òȷȷʵɽׯٷ½ıܽػ
мɺϣϸȥȴɵ㣬ôһպȥ̣ϳˣ
²ҵĻСԸȥׯ
ȥ
ֿҶ񣬡Կݡ
ܼҶ֪µĵûмȻè壬뵽еĿģҶ˼
ׯѶóз֤
Ҷڳ˶ƻס
Ⱥ˽񶼲ĿҲڰ١
ϵСͯҲɱ˵˼Ͼ̬չ
ӱһǣϳһشָ
УҶȥֹ岻
µò⣬һ˼Լˡ
񾭹ĿӦòóׯóܽػǿ
ҶߣڳӢۺܣһ֪Сǿ˵ؽҽСֲͯңҸһ־ͱסˡ
ҶԼƣδǣܴʦõͯȫˣȻ
ڳ˶࣬Ҳ뿴ܽػѡҶĻ
ӣ˵⻰ô˻˲ɡ
ûûȻˣΪҪܽػ͸ׯ
Ҷ˵˭˭ô
˵ų¼ׯڳһˣ¼Ҿ
Ⱥ˺졣
˵Ŀⶼۼ˳ϣսʮһֺݣɫڣ˫Ŀ֮ǵ顣
½֮ϸ˵죬꽫ĿҶϡ
ҲֻһۣŶҶλС˵ܽػһǮģسˣ
Ҷ˫ֱⲽǰû⣬򵽡
챾Ҷܽػɽׯٷ֮ɽׯ˴õˣһôһ˵ҲԼֻñؾᣬ֤
Ƕ֪ܽػܿɽׯȴֻ֪˵ѪϲܿóҵһѪ֪ˡ
ҶĻĹóϹ࣬ƭóС
⡭Ҷ˵ɷн£̬ЩҡڣֻܽػܿûҪ˵Ѫ
ҶƣҪңֲ֤ׯҺѰ찡
Ľʿ˿ֻóóܽػ
˵ôȷˣׯó¡
óܽػ̫󣬳Щ޴룬ڲų־ΪƣӦЩˣЩ˹һߣ˶ӣʱĭӶˡ
ʱңʮĴƴڵĳ¼ׯΪһʱ̰Ķ˶ܽػϢһ·ʿ׷׳ܽػȥֲģдЩؽҽˣɷչȴ˿͸ˡ
쿴ϣõ顣
Ȼô˵ֺηһ۵ͯ
ؽҽͯ
˶ͯظҼС˵ˣԣ񻷲Ͷָл
ʱȷʵͳһ˵ڳ˶ûл㱳ؽҽһ˵ؽҽĳ죬Ȼ޻˵
˵ҿó񻷣Ҫһֱϡ
Ҷעﻹڸղͯ˵Ļϣ̫ݶˣȻҶָл
˵ЫˣԽƯԽݶҶ˵ĻƯˡ
̫˼ˣҶŻظ죬û⣬š
ﲹֻҪõס
óЯܽػ
ڳܽػ֮ʣϵŮͯͯ˵Сֻ˵ԣûָл
ͯ˵ողײС㣬С㲻ƽϻվǱߣʧҪۡ
Ůͯͷô¡
콫ܽػƽϣݵҶǰҶͷˣһͨѩ׵񻷣оĳƬܽػҶۼ⿴ܽػпССһϡ֡
Ҷָָ޳ָһƵģܣɷذһá
Ⱥ˴ȤⱳŽγñǡ
Ҷأ⽣̫һϹʯһɰɽ̫ʡ
Ⱥ˲мµһĽ߶˵ɱţˡ
ҶЦ
¼ׯĻһذףҶӹϱȻţڿָá
˶ҶĶҪεѪ˫۾ţƽȵڳϣҶذҪϸһڣţţ񻷾͵Ҷϡ
û˿ҶôõϵģԼ֪ôҶϡ
˷ӦʱҶѾ񻷣Ծ¼ׯԺǽ֮ϡ


4 
ҶֱԺǽݼӭŹ⿴ͨ͸񻷡
һǵܽػһȴ⻬ĥ£ӹ⻬ܿƬƬѩܽػ˶
ҶĦ˻ܽػ󣬵ȺŷӦ
ŭȻȣ޳С
ҶָתȦҹõģô
뿴񻷺Ҷûʲôģͬʯû˾ĺá
˼ҶĶԴǿеıǾġ
Ȱ
Сģˤˡ
ľȴƤӵ߶ȴ˰̲ŷӦ¡
һ£¼ׯ׷ΧԺǽ
ҶݼһƬһƬ飬Ҷһ֣߿ϮΧĻ
ÿһƬ߿鶼׼ȷĻһˣ߿ײƵˣҶһףһץ
ҶվʡʡɣҲܣҿҲ˭Ҫȥ
˶ҪĶȴҪͳȺǼžһƬŵ
֪˭ȿĿڣһҪƳţҪҡཻ棬һˡ
ȺԱ߸ߺһѣŭ˵ġ
Աߵһѣҡ
˻һţ
ǶУģСˣ뵽ˣȥȴͷϣֱӼģŻһѪ
ǰסѨѪģ߻ħ
ҶһƬЩΪѣֻһ飬ôôֵܷ壬ΪЩ˻һ񻷾ͻʧûȤ
Ȼ֪
ʧ֮ҶһͻȻ⣬ǽϺǲˣ֪ôˡ
Ҷÿ˶У˶ڹ񻷣Ĭͣ£Ҷ˵ô֡
ﶼһ뷨ˣ
ҶվԺǽϣźѹѹͷ񻷵һ˲仯Ϊĩ
Ҷ̯֣ߴз񻷵ķĩߣ˳ŷ磬ȺС
Ҷ浽Ƕֵܷˣˡ
˵ȺΧҶһϵж𾪲ѡ
ʼΪҶǺ¼ׯһҪܽػӴ֪ܽػܣΪҶ˵ֻʱĿ֮£ӳ񻷡
֣ΪҶֱӳˣȴֱӻ񻷡
ΪҶǸ˼ˣ
ڱܽػ֮û˾ûˡ
ҶΪЩˣڵõҪ֮ʱῪģмϲȻЩûڵµϿ
෴Ǿţʧ䣬ܣͷŭ
ҶѾָˣҶί룬һȺжˡ
Ҷȿܽػʧ
û˼һҲ棡ҶţʩչṦ̤ȥ
Ҷٵܽػĵϣǧ֮ĵطյһţֻж̶̼֡
ܽػ٣Ʋʧܡ
ֽֽƬΪĩƮڵأͬҶıܽػһ
ƿջλٵĽ㴦ס޳Է޿ȱ
ջпò֦ɷïҶ֦ϣһûһµĶ֦ͬЪĻߡ
ջڵʳžƣҶԴ߱ԹССҺöҴӼ˴ǮûǮûԵģ˵ҪôŪǮ֪ͲǸʲôܽػŪˣû׼ܻǮ
ҶûͬˣֻҸﵱ߶С߱Ҷס˲á
Ҷӳ¼ׯ뿪ûԶֱڹٵϣٴȥЩĵط
ûȵȵؽҽǰǽ·
Ҷ뵽ĽĻĴţﴫ㣬Լĵĺ׳
ڻˣǺģҲû͸ؽҽ
СֲͯҾҶʱ򱣳־룬СĹ۲죬Сͯɾʱٶ֣κθ춼ûҵῴһ㡣
ǸúܺãҶӰû
ڸǵ·Ҷ֪Ҫȥ
ԭȥ¼ׯ˳·Ŀĵһѩɽĵط
Ҷ͵СͯĶԻ֪ѩɽʱһ֧ѩΣѩγѩѰСͯ˵ѩν֮ʳ֮٣֮ʵ
Ķؽҽ˵ǧƱҪջԲŻɳΪĴӺؽҽߵ˳ƱҪ֧ѩΡ
Ҷͷ˼˻ᣬؽҽˣȴ˽֣ǿ˵Ĺ֮ˣѵǻ㣿
Ư书ãҶԻĺʹŶҲҪţΪľ뿴㾿Ǹʲôˡ
ҶſҪ̫⣬ؽҽ˽ҪƿջЪϢˡ
Ҷ۲죬ؽҽ˽úܣҰ¶ޣջһҪõķ䣬ÿλһҪԡ̫ˡ
Ҷ룬ԺȢ˻㣬һĸë
ɫ΢ڣҶǱƿջͷ伢ʱûǮһǷ
СүͷͷµһҪ
µһ
ͷҶ㷿ķϡ
⼸Ҷ֪ܺõСͯǻͯͯе飬Ụ̊ͯҹŻ㣬ʮ־һи紵ݶͻᾯ쳣
̫ҲǿõģҶ뷨
ҶʱעŷĶ򣬴ʱŮͯȰ˵Сúҩˣúóҩǵġ
Ҷ⼸죬֪ÿ᰾һҩ˸㡣
Ҷֹһ룬岻
ҶţȴһϸʯӣŪݶأִһʯӴڻķ⡣
СʯֻŪϸɷ˭
Ҷ˽ŲĹɣʯ͵˷ֻ֣Ӵܵ
ᣬҶź׷ȥ
ȥһҶĵǻһ
Ҷʣµʯӣղ෴طȥ
ҶŮ̵ͯŭС
ǣŵ
Ҳ̫Щɣ˼Ҷɽδ̫ЩУʣǸỳһᡣ
ҶҲû룬Ƭʹݶ룬ڽǰҶ룬ǵһŮҵĹ뷿
е㲻˼
ҶǱϢͨҶأΪֱֱ뷿У˻ᾪȵطԤĻ沢ûз
Ҷأûзǿ˴ֳһ״룬Ķ˳ȥ
Ҷ񿴼ڴߵıӰθһϮźɫɴϵͬɫ廨Ե䲻ӯһգͷ˿īδκͷɢ󣬴з磬˿Ʈɣ¹͸ʹ͵İ׹⡣
ҶƬ̴㶣⻭뵽ｲ·
ˣƮƮ
ӴݣƬͬʱһζƾջţ÷
Ҷ㱣һ˲ǣ㰡


5 
૵ñӰ˻
绹ڣ»ڣɣڱǼơ
ҶӰ궯ڴԸҪˡ
ɵӰת棬ڴȫȻա
⻨ȻŰɫɴ
ɴ͸͸˿УһˮܿȴֿС
ҶָоŪץӸεģܼˣΪʲôͲʹһۣ
ת˿ҶڷУһ㾪ﶼûУһ˫۾ڳ̶ˮһ㲨Ҷֻ˲ë
㣿ȴޱȡ
Ůת࣬ҲƸһˮͳƸɽ֮ѩһ㣬һȾִ֡
ʻӳ
Ҷ⣬ʶң
룬߻ǰ˱ܽػ㲻۵ģǵһҲһ
ҶЩڿˣҪû飬ҾͲðˡ
ΪλᰤУеɻ
Ҷʵ𵽣̫˷ܣǮ
ߵĵϣϰ⣬ְѸҶķƣ԰ɡ
ڳõͷҶ˵ֻܵθгԵţҶҲ˸Ϳԡ
ҶԵò˲ˮ޷ж
Ҷӻнӹ豭Ӳ豭ʱҶ룬ÿ
ӹ豭Ҷһʻ㣬Ҵķ㲻ȷ
Цˣü䣬ûʱᣬ˼
Ҷ²豭һ㣬Ҳ˼㶼Ϊε㷿УһŮҵĹ뷿ǲģΪ˴ݣ
ЦݣĬһᣬ˳ҶĻʣΪεҷУ
ҶŻ㣬Ƕ˵µһˣ뿴Ƿʵ
ЦˣЦ˵ǺţЦֱ֮򶨴ݣ֮أ
Ҷ˵ΪŵĻҾȢ㣬֮ұȥǸƺŵۡ
üë˶ôۣ
Ҷ𣺡ûãܿһʲô𣿡
ЦˣЦӯӯ͸Žԣݲ˾ܼã㿴ˣܽΣ㶼ҪȢңˣ
⻰ҶЩΪѣԸĶЩıµһţֲ̫ű˵ҪԼϿɲ㣬һһժɴԼеµһǱ㲻Ե
ҶԼˮ˼ĺҪҪ
ֻҶûⲻԶ̵Ľ̸
ɻ󣺡ô棿
̻ش𣺡нŲΪ׷ˣ׷һʲôû֡
龯裺ҲˣС㡭
佻̸㷿гҶ²豭˻ñп죬Ȼͯȴ̫鷳
Ҷ²豭Ҫˣͨ㡣
㿴ҶһۣûӦ
Ҷվ˵óԣҲúȡ
ûˣҶҲ˵ʲôӽģʹȥ
ҶʧڷͬʱҲŶ룬ڵϣ˿
ǰС㣬û°ɣ
ĿϣҶȥķڵʱҶհݶһ߷á
Ѹӯ̶ˮһ⡣
û£ˣҪϢˡ˵žߡ
ˣæˣ̽ź
ƿջΪԺסǶԺҶߺҸطϢӷӵԺԺԺ轣
£¹ӯջ֦ҶӰͶԺԺһ绪һӰް
轣֮վ㴦ֵĶʽãʱʱʵʱʱвȴý
Ҷͣ¿轣ܿͷʽȴ˿֮ˣȾ̣ȣ˾ȡ
ӦǸ֣Ҷţȥһ¹۽к˼βдһ
ˣҶ֪⻰Ƕ˵ġ
Ҷ϶˶ӣ˴ʮ꣬ԣͷԺ󣬳Ӣ䲻ĿģҶȴоһ㺮⡣
Ҷȥ֮˼˻ᣬ첻ܣдˡ
˱ܾҲŭһʣԺһʯʯоƺƱߵߣִһƣȾҲд裬һ
˵ƱҵļҶ
Ҷߣ˵ҪȾƱͣ
˾Ⱦʱ͵ȣȴ˾˷ֹСݣӴ˼˾˵ľƱƵ
˾˲ڣȵҲûϵ
˼֮䣬ƱѵǰҶץסƱһԺУһڷ֮Ʊеľƣһδ
˼ҶӹƱҲԼһٱҶһȻһ
ҶѧžƱˣ㴼ȴ쳣պҶҲûʲôúȵģ
һףֱ죬Ҷߣ̸´
ҶѾϰ߽һԱŵĹأҽҶ
ҶصΪԼȡ֣ͬʱҲ˭һֻʱû
֣߾˾پƺһ
ҶоƱʯһףƱƽʯϣҶܾˣúȡ
һҴʮ꿪ʼʮСʮ꽭֮˶ܺҳΪ̸ʣ治һ
Ҷͷ𣿡
ҶʻߴЦѣЦþƱֶڲֻǶ鶶Ʊеľȴһ˿䡣
˵һ֪ؼһζҩҴ򱱣;ݣһ˵һɽһˣƣд轣Уص۵òԵдһ
ҶһŻȻڳ¼ׯԿһɽʱ˷ܺµһĽ߱ȣ
Ҷ£˵µһĽͣ
ĿҶĽϣ·̧֮бȽһδҪдһô
ٴԼҶΪܡ
Ҷϱһѽȴ̫ϲý˵ϲκ˵κα˫֣ܽõĶ
ڱϵĽ壬ԸЯȴ׳ʡ
Լδ̾һ²д裬Ҳǿֻһʣ֪ʲʡ
Ҷ˵㶼Ѿ˵ˣʲôʲʵġ
ҶӦʣ˵¸ؽҽǷҲΪǰѩΣ
ѩΣҶ붼ûĶѩοҩ˵ϵΪѰһζҩʣȻҲΪѩΡ
ؽҽҪµһҲҪҶ񱾾ͺأ֪ҪĶͻȻҲˡ


6 
뷨ȴԡ
Ҷʣ֪Ҹؽҽ
ˬһЦʵҲؽҽһ·ѩΣһʵѰؽҽҩĴ򽻵׶ˡ
ҶȻؽҽҵ֮ǿµһĽͶԸؽҽļӦò⡣
ֲؽҽɳߵĳԭǷҶ²ؽҽߵǻ㣬ǣ뻨㲢֮ˣѵ´ˣ
˵Ҹؽҽͬʱ㣬˿⣬ؽҽҲͰˣΪλȥǻ㡣
ţ˵㣬Ҷ˺̸Ȥܾû͸ŹŹ֣ݶǵ𣿡
˵ֹǣͷŹǴŮߣôȫʬǰɹ֮ʹ
ҶֳԴԽѶȵԽܼȤԽǲǣҶԽһ
һһĺţҶĻ
ҶԼԺ£ߺȾȤ˵ˣɳ˻Ŀǰ˭ûȤ
Ҹط˯ɣҶʩչṦԽݼջȥ
òҶǸ˻˯ȥˣ´ټҪҺȾˣƲúȡ
ҶӰҶһһ䶼Ĵߡ
߸ԼһƣھƱССƳʯҶ񻹻ľƱղƾƱȥ¼Ķ̾һĸ֡
ǷƱã˲ű
ͷоƣָ˸ϽͻȻð꣬ؽҽѩɽ֧ѩΣ˭Ҳá
Ҷ޷ģҵ˯ĵط˱˼ҵݶд֦
ԸΪˣһ£Ҷûؽҽ̫ԶڸߺҶֱɵ˹ƿջݶ
ϰ̵Բ£ҶƻڿݺһҪֿʼµһš
ɵˣͽկһķ
Ҷĺͼҵ˯ʱ
۾Ϳǣǰͷ˿ջ
̫δȫҪҶ۾ʹֲ˭˭ǳŪĶջ˶û
ߵ磬ᣬǲ뾪κˣͬ
Ҷ˼Ƭͬһɫĸȥ
ؽҽ˰գҶ̸̽ǽΪҹǰϵѩɽɽš
ոؽҽʱҶ˲·ܣߵټ
Ҷ߲µһͣ˵ûзֻһ˸ؽҽ
˾˵û֮󣬸ƣɵģ಻ɹſ
˾ǶҪѩᣬĻһߺؽҽ˷ˡ
ҶԴ룬ôܼأ
ҶߺؽҽˣǵĻУͻȻ⡣
Ҷҵͬؽҽߡ
ž˾˽̻ҶǳǫĸҲҪǸѩΡ
Сб˸ƺҶô˵˿⣬Ĳؽҽضͼ˭¶ûлȨ
˵ѩĿǰκˣǿʳ˭ǿ˭ġ
Ҷ˵еͬʱǫеףµһĽͣ˭ǿù㣬׼ΪĽꡣ
߶ҶĿ̬ȿɲǻ˵һɰɽĿ֮ˣҶͱСϻԼųʱҲǲ֪ߵغ
ڶԼٵĸлͶԼʵľţ߶Ҷ˲ѩڲκˣļֵƱػһƵĽ飬ұӦ㣬ѩΣʮδʤ㣬㽫ѩ㡣
Ҷ߿ܺǿȴΪһӮοʮڣ˿òֻҪԼõѩΣҲһҪϸӮ
ҶĵһΪ
ҶĿģ߿Щ棬ܵʮ֮˲̫࣬ˡ
ҶЦݣҲûкܿģһ
Ҷ˵꣬תȥ׷ؽҽ
ĿһȴҶͬУȥˡ
ߵĳŵҶģʾҲԼ˫Ǻ󱲣Ȼ̫Ϊ
߲Ϊõѩξ׶ˡѾˣõѩΣѩΪһۡؽҽĿѩΣѩΪ϶Ӧ
ȫ˿ѩεģԲ˼ѩΪ˻㳤һ⣬ԾܾȢ
ҿ̫ˣҶ뵽Ҳ·һһġ
ѩɽһƬɽɽɽϻѩ겻ʢʱɽɢɽſȥɽϻѩһɫѩɽɴ˵
ؽҽӱ֮ǰϵѩɽɽţɽŴС
ɽƫԶªũԺɨһŰѻϽ
ҶϢſǲԶĲϣл뵽̫ˣ
Ҷſڲϣܸù۲ؽҽĶ⣬Ϣһؽҽȴֻȡ
ҶŶܴˣɣһҪƥɡ
ҹתɽſѩɽ¶ȱƽͣҶЩ䣬˹ȴ˻Ϣķ⡣
Ҷ۲콭뻨ʦƣ˽٣񼸺뻨㽻ϢʱҪķ䶼ž룬ԺЪţǽͻҸԺЪϢ
ֱҶ񵽻϶¡
ҶҹɫڣԾǸĵط
⣬ŷţԺСڸ㰾ҩ
ҩţøйҶŻҶ뻨忴֪ÿȵʲôҩ
˵ҩҶͻȻ㣬Ķ⣬ѵľ˷ĵҩ
ʲô
Ҷҩ⣬ǱߵѾ˷ţ˽ǰʣҶ˵ʲôƲͷǡ
Ҫɽˣʦ廹ðɣԵ飬̬ȫƶǰ䵭
̰ҩĵط뽭ԶʣЩСϣ嵱Ȼû⡣
Ҳʮò̹˵ǣʦҺʦģֻʦôСѰȥɽߣҵʦԲ
ߣ㵣ʲôйҩڣС岻ġ
˵ùʦһжǼƻˣҶˣȻʦû⣬ҾȥϢһаƻ
ȥɡ˵⻰ǵ顣
ͷȥ
ŽȥıӰ˿Լ浱ؽҽĴλˣȻɹİš
ǲĳȣ˵䣬úðҩɡ
̸ҶκΨԵЩɵ˵Ҳרİҩȥˡ
ҶȫǵĶԻȴͷˡ
ҶתԴΪؽҽӣڽУȴԵ̹ޱȡͯͲȴĺãԽ̬Ϊм
ͯѣͿţ֣ʵǹ֣


7 
ҹҹ£Ӷûš
ɽžżȮ͡
̰ҩ˽㷿Ҳû⡣
ҶֻԻȤ˵Ĺϵûն롣
ǸղŵĶԻҶ֪岻ã岻õĻ㻹ҪɽѰѩΡ
ĴŲؽҽĹǰŮôΪʲôҪ岻õİŮ;ѩɽɲΣ
Ҷȥٽ͵ģΨһֻܽͣлҵ֧ѩΡ
Ҷ˼飬ԽԽô¡
ô£Ҷðֱ²˻ȥѩε뷨뷨ֻƬ̱㱻Ҷ
Ůˣﲮ̵ԴŮӦϧ³ç
Ҷ뻹ǰ֮ǰؽҽɣԲӦ䡣
Ҷļ򵥣ΪһϣҲ̫仯ʱ򣬱仯һϢ֮䡣
㷿䵽ҹͨҶ²ΪλδϢʱߴӵ
ǴڷҶѰȥֻǱϡ⣬ļȮҲоˣ׷׿Ͳֹ
ҶϸȮͣĴŲ鿴·ӣǱ߾ȥ̽պĵ˵
ҹȥ
˵ҲûӦȥ
Ҷ͵֣̽˹·֣ʱǳѲޱȾȥ뵱һײš
ҶĿĲ뵱齻֣к棬Ǿԭز
ǰŸߣ̾ʹڳ˵λſڡ
ҶԭһĶãһ濴ſڵ̣һŴǱߵĶ
Ǳ˲ˣһڵɧѾƽ
ĻҶø
Ҷһµ˵˸ֵǵı˭ϣүү
Ҷһˣôߵб
һΡΡĲصλүƧԸΪʲôǲŪˣ
һ˵磬ͷ˵һҿջ׶˵ѩɽҪһؽҽ˶߸ϡ磬ϴδȥ¼ׯҪܽػοɲٴ
ϡ
û˵꣬Ҷһ󰧺
֮ŭ˭͵Ϯң
ŭûеǴ˷ʹƥܾ˻ȻȺܵϮ
ҶʼǴŭ𣺡ڰ͵Ϯʲô£б¸үүϡ
ʼúǵʹҶ¡ڵһȺ˵ѩɽ˱ѰңȴڰϮˡ
Ҷ룬˵ıӦؽҽ߶ҪǧѩΣǱϮǵֱʡ
ǱߵڱϮһңȺˣ࣬ҶǶں֮ڣϮǵ˶û¶ͰŪ
ұҶз̣Ŀ⻹ڻסԺû˰ȥ̽˼ҶԺΧߣڿڻſڵʱͻȻ˼
ſҲģҵ
Ҷԭ½ǣͬһطˣҪԼϢҶЩӲʱ΢춯
ͨ˵ſڱ;ѵ̾Ͳһˣ̵ͬʱˣܱ˻ǵ
⸽յϢ̳Ƥ֯ޣǰԾ˭
ҶûӺڰпֳֵ˵ñӵ˶Ѳеġ
Ҷע̵Ķ̻жǷʱͻȻһţŵ׺͵ӴЩƣ̷ɿĲ׽ķϮ
޼֮һռ֮䵽Ҷղվĵطһ£ϵӲݷ׷ɣ̤ʵһһָı޺ۡ
Ǻۼ֮£ˣ
סũԺ䣬ǶǰҶũ뻧֮ľ
ҶڶעʹáӰ١תΣ˸ա
Ӱ١һŸ߽Ṧ˿תΣʹ߱ۺΪ⹦Ҷᳵ·
áӰ١ԼתҲû˶š
ֱ̱޷һɨҶڵԱпڴֵһɨϡ
ľꡱضҶʹùתʱ룬Ѿͷֱ̫ˣĵطŪ
ȴʮֿ꣬ҶŪĵطһݲУŪҶעҪסڻұߵĽ񶼾ˡ
Ҷʼķ߱ʱҶ֪Ҷ񲻻ţ¶һЩж켣ȥ
ҹɫڣ̺ͽ񿴲Ҷֻ࣬ǰҹϮĴˣ׷ȥ
Ӱ١ϳṦֻҪҶԸ⣬׷κˣҲ˦κˣŵڵľ룬ҶͻȻʧһũҷϡ
׷̫һûɲסţֱӳ嵽˴ڡ
߸ʵĴһ𣬶ʮ߸󺺣жŻѣźڸִ󵶣ʵҪƿĵҪ
ʮ߸󺺱͵Ϯ˷磬ǱͻȻһˮŮޣͷǸ룬˵֣ǸղűϮȻЩ˰ҪĴΪ
ԣͷĿųụ̆·ڿϮǵס
Ů޸¡ͷĵ
£׷װεںĽ˷չͣ½Ųȭ˵֪λΪζؽҽ˰ε򡣡
ʿؽҽм־أΪؽҽ֮ͻữɸꡣ
ϧʮ߸󺺳ĮһԼΪĮʮǿȡձΪ䲻Ǽ񣬵ʶǵоûк˵ؽҽȴ̫Զ塣
ĮʮϴûбؽҽŻסڱϮķŭУؽҽҲѰģֻһȻܷζ֡
ĸɵˣ͵Ϯүү͵ɣ
ͷŭȵᵶ̿ȥ
Ҳͷϣʧȥǣ˹ķ
ĮʮһưԣϮʱֲģЩֲӭսη壬Ŵ󵶰ε磬̽һغϣ˿·硣
ҶڰںҹɫͶʹܵ෴ķݷ³ġ
ϣؽҽ˺Щ󺺴Ϳȥһ졣
һ˶սҶԸ⿴ģؽҽˣӼˡ
ȹҶûټȴӸղվĵط˼վ˻ҹɫĽ紦
ҶʦŶˣսˣ˵ȥʮ󺺹򵥸̣ܲ˶డ
ôŮӵ̫ˣҶţȻƵ󣬽¾һŽս
󱳱͵ϮЩ⣬ǷӦʱסΣһӦҳ͵ϮߣɡĮʮᣬ볡Ϊս֣εͿֻûط
Ҷ߳һźֿԼϢñ֤Լʱ֡սһᣬҶ뽭˶սʮ˻ЩϾǱ˶࣬սҲܸ˶һᡣ
ҶҡͷеҶֵÿûںδԿ϶鶨Ǻһڰս
˶ߣǻǱ߾ûţҲİ


8 
߶òɿҶµ⣬סԺȥ
͵˻ס⣬Ҷ񿴵ӡӰⲽҶ룬㲻岻ãôϢ
Ҷǿò֮Եѡ˺ߡ
ҶַŰϣ˼¡
ϴ˭
ʾ䣬ҶȴûɻǵƤĻһ䣬°
û˼Ҷ²²µϷҶֻڽŲſƶžǲҵſˡ
㴩һ£ͷ󣬴ɴֻ¶üۡ
üĿ䣬ͦΣһףѩѩ֡
Ҷһʱ
ǻʱһﲢ⣬侲ʣôˣ
Ҷ˵ͲôΪ˼˺ôһͨˣɼɫ˵
Ҷ˲ԣ¶ı飬˫Ųӣģҽȥ𣿡
㿴ƺˣɫͫڴίղſʱȫһ̫ˣ뵽⣬֪ôһ˿Ц⣬ɡ
ҶݣҶͦΣ˫ֱʮ߹ǰʱ΢˶١
ţ㿴ŸûߣϻǹζβǴŹƻµţŵġ
Ҷʱۡ
ũķݾ㾭ɨҲʮּªŽȥǴ̣ұ߰Ű
¹ʣ쿴Ż£Ҷŷӵԭɨһۺͱߡ
Ҷ֪Լôģ˼ˣ࿴һ۴ҲûʲôȻ᲻˼
Ҷìܵ˰ǰϰŴҶ񣬡ҿԺˮ𣿡
غţߣҶʣΪҶǸˣ˱˵ͷҲҶķ䣬ͷˮҪʿɲԡ
˵ԡ
ӦʣҶ˵۵Ĳ׼ˮҲˣϴλˮͻȻͲԼˣѲݵǱߡ
ҵ
ҶĶ˵⻰ζ۵Իԡ
û˵ʲô˳ӦҶҪ󣬸һ롣
ˮѾģЩ࣬Ҷûޣûˮٿ࣬Ҳܺȥһ˵ġ
һˮºҶȴ֪˵Щʲôһֻʱ⣬ֻһ棬δĿġ
ת֪£û˵ֻҶ棬ûζܳɹͯԡ
˹ˡ
Ҷϻ롣
Ҷȷʵ˴ӴǱ߹˹ãϢȣһܱķ򣬴ڴд˵ȹˣҶֻ뵽顣
ΪĹϵҶڲ̫ؽҽ潻֡
Ҷ˵ͯ飬ұģڿûˣˡ
Ҷ˵ȥ㱻ץס
ߡЩ
Ҷ˵Ļ
ָҶֱҶоָ΢Щ΢
㻹ڵϣҶͷ벻ĸӡ
۾ǳƯɽȪһ峺͸˿б
ЩҶʱֲ壬ԻΪҪ󲻽⣬ܾȷϣȷ
ᶨȷ
ҪˣҶûʱġַסһᣬʹӵС
Ҷ§Żѣұ㡣
Ҷ˵ҲȻ㶯˷ţŻʹ˳ȥ
ڹʱƬҲ󲻵á
ڶߺХúֱ۲գ˫§סҶӣȹЩ
㿴ݣȴһŮҽСҲأҶȫһͽʮ⡣
Ӱ涣ż磬֦Ҷζ
ҶͻӴֻζŨЩĳҡ
Զ˴ӣе㲻ţɿҶ˫֣δ˿˽ʶһȴҶֱۻ䡣
Ҷòֱۣȴǳ΢£˿ֻγȷſҡ
ûһ㣬Ҷ΢΢ͷյ㾱ᣬĺ㰡
Ҷ˵ʵɴͲһˣۺ裬أſҡ
Ҷܾţٷһᡣ
˵ҲȻκηӦʩչṦ
ľ̸ڣǺҹвᱻͻĸҶȴЩΪдС
§Ż㣬оЩ뵽ղŵķӦžԼղźҪ
Ҷٶ࣬ΪԼղŵľܾ˽ͣͯ׷ǵһΣȷһʱ׷ϲС
ͺԷ
θӣҲףҶٶû֮ǰô죬ȫϮҶҲоЩ¡
˳ӦҪ˴ǻΪλҪԼı֣ƺͯ׷
Ҷ廨ԵɣʵΪλҴ
Ҷ§Ż㣬ǰʱз磬ѻķ˿ϣ˿ŷŪҶĵ΢
˺ܾòŻشҶ⣬Һܾ֮ǰˣ
Ϊλ뷨Ҷ֪Ϊʲô
̾һԺлٸ㡣
ǻһҶʹɰʵˣɻ̾Ϣ̫ءҶ뵽г˵ģÿжԼܣڵԼԸ˵£Ҫ׷ʣһء
Ҷתƻ⣬ȥ
Ҷؽҽѻʱû뵽ȥ
شܸɴ࣬ȥѩɽ
˵ѩɽҶؽҽĿģѩɽаѩΡ
ش𣺡С
Ҷ񣺡ô϶ǰѩΣ
㣺ѩγڸɽѩʮ꿪һλÿһλҶϵĻͻһ䣬ǰһĲͷɽҩ˵ѩɽһ꿪ʮ仨ѩΡ
Ҷ񲻽⣺˵ѩΪǲͷпѩβˣϢ
ѩ飬ױ˲ɵãǰһ̻һգˡ
Ҷͣ½ŲΪ棺ѩλ·
Ҷɴ۾ľģЩЦ⣬û˻§̬ͣѩεȻܣһЩҩĲԶﴫѩε֦ҶУ۶ϣ֦Ҷѩα׷Ҳ´ݳϢĲͷбԼڲѩΣȴŪѩ֦ҶѩҷС
Ľ˵ҶѩθȤˣôǿȥѩΰɣ
Ҷ˵е˷ܣ§Żֱ۽˽ͬʱ磬ѩɽȥ


9 
Ҷ˼򵥣ҪѩοȥѰǣƬ̶뵢飬ҲܰҹŻɽ
ѩɽɽţҶؽҽ˲ô׷»㡣
ҹ¶أοѩɽ£㱻Ҷŷɳôã͸ܵ⣬ڸ·һֱû˵ʲô
һͣ£ϯȫδ䣬Ҷʺ
硭Ӧ
Ҷ㣬𣿡
Ҷ²⻨ؽҽ﹦ߵģνӴҶ´ˡ
ȻشҶץס֣֮ǰڷץסʱ͸оָ΢һձȸղŻҪ䡣
е䡣Ҷ̹ϵİ˵
ִҶƽش𣬡á
Ȼͬˣδ˽ӴȻǲϰߡ
ҶûڳǿȻ˵ûŮ˶ǿķǣҼȻ˴չ
ҸطϢһ°ɡҶŻÿ춼ҩ϶ãͲҹɽˡ
ͷͬ⣬Ѱһɽ˻ѣڴϢһ
ʱɽӯůĻ⡣
˶ڻԣɽĻǺܺãĵطܵЩɲݻǼªҶסջʱ̺͵ǻҪصشɨһ
ʱû㽿ڿΪƫ
Ҷûһ⣬̫Լ£Щ»ĿǰԸ˵Ҷ񲻴ʣŪһˣؼһʱ
ɽнһ
է֣Ҷͱɽһ춯ˣѾȼҶ㿿ɽأ˯
㻹ɴһţƺ䵽ˡ޷ӣҶȥժɴĺġ
Ҫ֣ѵΪˡ
Ҷؽҽ׷ѹº棬ȥ
Ҷתߺ󣬻ëۣȫ˯ѡ
ҶСʱ˾Ϊиӵ޳ûɽ¶ҰҶ˵о顣
Ҷ˶ڣߵڴûųȥ˻ᣬȷϲΪŪ󣬲õڵ֦ݡ
Ҷֿ죬õ󲿷ֶ󣬷ŪľȻֻҶʱϲЩСΪǲΣգŪʱֲϲΪ̫Сһûˡ
ֻ󻶿ļŵϵɹͻȻǸܵʲôֻͬʱ±צɹľȥ
ܵٶȿ磬գۼʹӵǿϣǰϣûǼҸȫ
ֻ֦Ѿ䣬һֻּ̽Դûʲô͸оһ
ҶץסһֻԾ£ëƤһһëĴβ͡
ͦɰģҶץţڵϼ˼ɹɽ
ȥҶֻѾˣά˯ʱƣ˫Ŀչ̼ҳ񣬱Ѱĳɾòһˡ
ӶƵϣɢŶĿʣҶӰͶ϶ȥʣδȫòҶѾʼŷ㽭һ˵ĳƺš
Ų㽫ĿƵҶϣҶץֻ󣬡ôץ
ҶߵԱߣ㻳Ҫȥһˣץᡣ
ӹҶй޼£Ѿ̯ƽˡ
㱧ҶȥģȴֻӦһá
ҶְѼɹŵԱߣĵĻ
šӦһ֡
Ҷ˵Һܿͻˣߡ
ͷҶΪýĶˣȥ
ҶؽҽŵĴׯһۣ˳õ㶫㣬Ҷٶȸ죬Ѱˣ׽Ӱ
˴ׯҶȥ˴ڣִһƬǽ壬ǼҴµĺۼмģʰо֡
Ȼ߰ģδѪ˵ûȻҲôĴɨ
ڴûʲô£ҶҲû˷ʱ䣬תͷȥ˻סũᡣ
Ҷûֱӽݣȼ˼ɳʯɳʯţû˿ţŶ롣
γĶҶ㴲ͷһɫƤë磬ҶĿ֮һ硣
岻ãҹĺ綼ˣ˵ɽ֮겻İѩҶû뵽ģһŵӣʵϧ
պ磬Ҷڴũ䱼ߣѰЩԵģͬʱؽҽѾڴˡ
İˣڣϻڷҶһѰһ㡣
Լ˴ߣŪĽҶŶɽȥ
Ϊߵ磬ٶȿ죬Ҷһһûöʱ䣬̫ã̫ƲҶ޷չжʱǽҪ¸ʱûϵ
ҶصɽץֻſڻϥͷɵòˣӨ׵ڸ˳ë
ҶܵͷƽҰץ˽ƣ㵹ܣ
Ȼ㾯ӻϥͷʮֽ䱸
ҶδŲΪ󣬻ҲŲĴֱ򶴿ڿȥҶ˿
Ҷ˽䱸ģ»ϥͷܵ㱳Ϊԡ
ûķӦĿҶõĶϣۺһЩԵġ
شˣ
ԡ
Ҷ߽㽫Եķŵϣֽ綶ϡ
ҶΪûͷˮ
Ҷ磬˼ȻɽͲˡ
û˵Ҷ
Ҷӣ·ǰ׵ģҲǰ׵ģһףžɣһȾ
Ҷ񱻻㿴٣Ҷ룬ҵˮ飬ǧת̫ãˣ
Ҷܲ˻㿴ָָũ͵͵óĴͷûҵԵģȽһ¡
ҶŴӴлЩǶõĶûкý֮Զ㡣
ɴûҶȳԶʲô
ҶգգۣͻΣȷʵûи߹Լ֣Ҷ֮˻ᣬѡ˼ҽҶ
㿴Ҷ񣬡ָ㳤಻̫
Ҷ淴ôҵֺҵĳ඼ô
㱻Ҷ粵ӶЦͬʱº棬ʲôʱһλ书ǿһ۵ˡ
ҶͷԣΪ֮ǰҪźĴѵģȽųԣȥҵˮǾȥѩΡ
Ҷ˵ֳȥˣȻʱѾԹˣҶЩźȥܿ㳤ʲôˡ
ʰһ˾ɽ
ɽҶԻſ˫ۡ
㲻⶯Ϊû˵Ҳû
Ҷߴ٣챧ңҺôɽ
ɽ·ȥ
Ҷ񣺡ֲ书Ҵȥ
룬Ҷ˵ûṦãɽʡʱûᣬֱ˫ֻҶĲӡ
Ҷ˫ֱŻ㣬ԴڱǼƣഥĵطȡҶ룬ѵǴ˵еڻ
ҲҶ̾ͬʱʼѩɽ


10 
ѩɽǧɣΣƣɽɽȻľ֣ɽϰѩǣ겻
㲻òϣҶԼɽҪöࡣ
һʱѾɽǰǰѩ
̤ѩأҶͣ»㣬Ĵѩ֪ѩξѩɽ֮Уѩɽ֪֮δ
Ҷʣȥ
Ҷ磬㻹ǾɽϺŰ
££磬㾲ɽƣѩγڸɽѩĵԽߣԽԶ
ؽҽõ鱨Ŀ߷壬ȥ
ȷĿ꣬ҶٴαŻָĵطȥ
Ϊ˹̶Լ˫ֱҶҶļȥããѩû°ӡ
һѩϼۣܲۼ֪Ҷαܹͯ϶ҲδҶṦ˿ɲ
̤ѩ޺ۣҲû
ҶʵͬʱĿһֱѩɽѩ񣬵޷ѩԶĵطƿһɫӰ
˵Һ񿴼˸ǡ
Ҷ⣬֪ҪѩΣܹģֻһˡ
ߣҲҪѩΣؽҽ˾費˸һ·δ
ҶгһΪҪѩΣ
Ҷ㱣֤˭ҲѩΣҿ԰ѩø㣬ҪӦҿ㳤ʲôҶĳ಻ʱȢ㡣
Ҷ˵ʼ뷨
ţûҶ⻰߼ЩãȻʵΪҪѩΣҶشЩûκι
ҶҲʶԼʣԸĽͣ˵֪زҪѩξ
ĩֲһ䣬µһĽôһôĳƺš
Ҷ֪΢һֶΪˡ
Ĭ˻ŵʱֵһ֦һڽ˱ԽʱԼһƬ䡣һսʮһλͣʮһսʮһʤһ͵ֶߡ
껨ĽҶʣȻǿڽǷе֣ҪʤǷȡ
Ҷ˵ȡߵʮƽǻϿҶ书ǿҲЩȡ
ֹ߲µһĽͣλнаеʮĸ֣ʤģֻǰǾŸˡ
㿴ҶڽǶ⣬ֻܿҶ档ҶҲΪ̣˿û˵רעɽޱȣɽ͵Ĳʳߡ
ûǰ֮ܲʤߣߵĽλһ񽭺аڵʮĸ֣۽ֻоʤ۽˳ҡ
аⶫҶû⻨˵ж˭ŵģǰŸ˭
䲻书Ҳע£һһشҶ⣬һţǰŸֱɽ֪ʦïïĽ̳ͽɷ컭īɽˮ̩ɽʦֵܣĽ̲Ԫ߹飬Ůң֩ޱĽ⻶Ӧ
Ҷס˻˵ŸˣЩҪսģʤǣµһ
µͬʱʣĽ̺Ϊʲôǰʮǽ̾ռλʲôַֻ֣λ𣿡
²Ҷĸ˴ͽܣ书ߣȴ֪¡
ĸҶϱ֣ΪϱˣĽߣ̾һ
ҶһַΪǲ⣬ͻȻֲһ뷨뷨ðͷδ͡
ҶʣĽǰʮΪûǽ֮
Ľ˽٣ҶȻˣ֪Ķ˵˳˵ǽеչʮ껹δأĴʮδȻ
ҶŶһͦĵģʮ궼췴
㱻Ҷ˼·Цˣѵ˼ģ˽ǰʮĸ⣬мҲĸ棬ֻǲڽгû
Ҷ񣺡˵
㣺һųǰʮֵأ֪ǸûϢȴŷڶλϺԨ湬ĪԨɵйͬʱг͢ϮԨľλǴԴǹȵĹ޳ͬһأû֪ʲôԺδֻ֪һκνȥԴûжԹûжթȥҪȴǰһǹȣ㲻óȡ
ҶŻ˵ˣǰ˼һȴ󱳷ͬʱ︹̣޳ʲôصģһƹ
̸УҶŻָɽ塣
Ҷ»㣬Źͺͺѩɽﶼһ˶ӣĻѩ
ҶŻ㣬뿴Ѱҡ
㲻£ѩߣһȥֻŶûѩ
Ҷȥϲ̵˵Ҫһ㡣
òܾллá
Ҷʧĸڻ档
㿴ɽ壬ǵؽҽѩε鱨ǣ߷ɽʯзС
߱߿ӡ˴ѩͣɽʯཻļзУɽʯ϶ϸӲ˶
ѩأҲ澳Уڲݼϸ˸漴óɽصҵ飬ʼѩ
ҶˣҲɽʯ»ѩûǶþͰɽʯµĻѩɾ
ѩǺɫأһһѰңҶ񲻶ЩŻҡ
֮ⷽѰ˼飬һͣ⡣
˵ţ齫⴦ٿ
ٿһСӺҶ񿴵һ֦ɣɫϸСžͺܴ
ѩ𣿡Ҷֻڳ˲Σѩλǵһμ
㿴֦ɱ˻ᣬȷǵġ
˵СҶҲæֹˣѩҪĸܷ߼ֵο֧ѩΣһˡ
Ҷ񲻸Ը֣ԴѩΣſðʣ֮ǰ˵ѩοж꣬ûʱôжǲǰѩΡ
δͣѩε«ϳ«룬ͨһ곤һ«̶ܼԽߣ˲εԽ֮⻹ɫ󣬸룬ɫ󰵸٣곤
ҶƶǶʣͼѩڻĶֳΡ
֧ѩ뻨˵õǺϣСĽȡռ֮ʣҶͻȻץļԶδع񣬾Ҷ˵
кƺµһ͵


11 
ѩɽ֮Ϻͷܲ
Ҷ񽫻㻤󣬸ղ⡣
ҶĿǸղѩεɽʯ䣬˿վɽʯǰ˿յ֣һ⡣
Ҷʣ߲⣬ҵĿѩΣðС㣬ҲǵйԼȻѩǱߣ˵ʮжʤ
Ҷԭӣѩ־õҲغߴܣʮ֮ԼҲֻǿͷԼھһ֮䡣
ڲһ飬Ҷ̽һ̽ߵĵףҲżɽֱףµһ;͸˺
ΪѩοһսҶҲ׼ЩڴҶתͷԻ˵ԼѰȫطһܡ
㿴Ҷſ˵ʲôҶȣģѩΡ
Ҷ˵⻰ʱмᶨȡ
գգۣƺ뵽ʲôһս
Ҷ˵֮ǰ̫룬ͻȻˡ
Ҷ뷨Զ⣬ںôҲмں
㿴Ҷս⣬µһĽͣ㲻ⵣģ֮Ҷľ
֣ضСġ
˼ﵽתѰƬյأս
µһĽé®ص꣬ѩɽ֮䣬ʮжʤڽϾֵţƲʿһֻۣԼһڣ˷ѣ
Ǹоս⣬ѩɽϵķ綼ɱ
Ҷ˸ƣüȡ
ҶߵĶơ
ֶԾһսıƣɻıǳסȶˣ¶
߲ΪҲҶӮĽţԸĽ⣬֪Խдްܼ
ʣڰѩӳ֮£âӭУ죬ǽγһ
ҶӭŽâ̾⽣á
£˽Ϊ١
١Ҷظ
䣬ҶͼղŻɽʯԱߵߵǰٽŽ飬ֱȡҶҼԫѨ
Ѩ䲻ȴ飬ҶʹӰٲſȴδֺѩϯһֱߡ
Ҷ̾
Ҷĳδ߹Ʊ䶯Ҷһֱ̣ǰǰ㡣
ףһǳɣҶ޴뽣ٽӲֻÿӰܡ
ܹߵڶУҶѣˡ
ѹҶֻزѾ˷ֹУһһȥ֪̽ԷϸߴӳпʼȫԸ
Ľͣȫöָܵء
Ҷѻһƽնͬʱأ˵ʮһһصʽغϣʮУν
Ҷƽնѩأѩһ̣ýնɼ֮Ե
߷ŵͬ
ҶһζûнңҶȷȷʵǿǿӮߵġ
һҶתΪƽĵϢ֫һܸо
һϮõĶǻУֻѰĽâ¶һͻˣɥ
һҶû̿㣬ֱӽ棬ӭϡ
ԹսĻ㣬͵Ҷ񲻵гѾõߣһսҶֻز·磬ǰжҶξȻû㡣
СġһͬɽĽ飬ѡ
δıսֻ֣Ҷӭ߽棬ڽ촥һ̣Ҷߵʧˡ
˵ȻƾʧҶٶ̫ߵĽ棬һ˲㵺ת´ȥ
սһýȴץסȥͬʱҶǰץˣ
Ҷͬʱ̧Ẓ́ýѲ˾һţȻˡ
ߵϵĽ֣һӽҶնΪ㽣Ҷ֣û߳һڣ߱˼ҶҲһɡ
һСҶʽ
㡣ͬὣȥ̶̼Щ΢ŭҶδν
һͣһĽǼ衣
߻·ղŻǻУһһʽмѰתۼ佣оͱ仯ǧʽҶĿܲ׽ӰеĽ
Ҷ߱仯ʽƵƵˣµĽнɹ˿أҶһʱҲ
Ҷʣʲôͦġ
߻أɱ˵ĽҪ֡
Ҷ˵⽣ɱˣҲ̫˰ɣ
ߣڣ˵㡣
߻䣬ҶͼеĽʧˡ
ҶȻŽʧ޷̫۾ѡҶҲţУƿҶȷ򣬽żأڿն˫ţֱӲϮٽ
ˣҶڽϼϽһ滻˷򣬶ߣ˹ȥ
ûؽٴὣϣգۼҶѹС
ҶһһеţкҶͻȻߵһţҶۺһ̩ɽѹƵߺɡ
ߺҶû˳ƹȥԭزҲǽͣӦԽжʤǣѾ˾С
ҶͻȻΪѵӣһʱûӦ
ҶŵѩȥоѩлȻһһ߳ı衣
ߺͻ㶼𾪣ѩɱ˵ǿֲϻδ˭͡
ҶűɣһǱȽУһϱ裬Ӯ
Ҷ˵⻰ʱ糣Щۣڻ߶ȴǿޱȡ
߶Ҷб裬ǽͣ׷߾˽һִִ졣
׷ľȴԭӵﵽ
߼ʣ˷ӣ˾磬ССڽ裬˷ĸһս
ִ߱񣬡һҲɣ롣
Ҷбִ裬΢͡߼Ҷ֪뿴ҶõĽʽжʦţֻڳƣҶʩչ
߳žҶﶼڴ
Ҷ񱣳ŸղŵĶһ˿δѩɽ֮ѩӳ֡
Թսڽȴټ˱Ծһս۹ʵĶԾ
˿̣֪ʤĹؼˡ
㿴˸Զ˭Ҳûжʱ·ֹһ㣬֪Ƕڵȴʱֻ߷أһϢܱ֮
ۣգһգۣǾѷֳʤ⾫һ˲
ܶããѩ۾ЩƣͣûסƤ˶˶ԾʱҶѾվ󣬶ŵͷնһ룬նµͷҶ
ҶͷĶڵϣְùͷڱϲ˲䡣
ְ֮ѱ趪ڵϣתԻ˵Ӯˡ
ҶΪĶŻķ򣬡Թˣ
ڽ㻹УҶʱĳƺǳⲻ֣֡
û
Ҷˣûĵˣ̲öֱӱȥ˴
Ҷ񽫻ǰҫӮˣѩιҡ
Ҷ˵̲סĿ⣬˺ͯܵʱӣ˭Ҳ벻ˣӮµһ͡
㱾ڶҶĳƺЦݣ뵽ʲô֪αǨŭ
߻֮Уδ˿֮ˣҲδ˿Ľ
Ӯǳ£Ȼ԰ȴҲĿΨһźδȫ֮¡
ɫָ糣̹Ȼˣɷ̸ʦӺδ
Ҷ߲Ҳ̸̹ûʦ챻ġ
ʽԳһɣ·ſѾĸ˴ͽܣҶĻشǲ͸ʦţ㲻ٶʡ
߽Ŀת㣬գҲ̸֮һȴȫޡ
ף˱ԵѩΣȻ޹Ҿɽȥˡ
Ҷڿģ˵ȥɡ
ûڣ㱻ȣҪѩкã
µһ֮Ҳв·ƽ
ߴܾŮ˵κ⣬ʵ𵽣ƽ·С·ƽҲҵĺ֪ǰ¶һȴಡ齲գĴ˵Ҫѩεֳָܻ·ƽѰѩΣպõ֪ؽҽҲҪѰ뿴ܷ
˵ԭǿ뷨ȥ˿ûΪԼ뷨й
˵ƽ·ңҲһˣǿңǾˣѩֺη
˵űѩεߡ
Ҷ߱ͻתŪô㵡
ҶƾµѩΣô˳ȥ
лҪ˵Ӱ
ո


12 
·תϲ쳣ллС㣬Ƿһ顣
л߾ӹѩΡ
ҲҶס֣ʮֲ˵ʻ㣬ӮģΪʲôתˡ
㿴ֹҶɽѩΪľǲؽҽ˵õ˭õȻؽźãԭҶѩȤǺҵѩξ͹
ҲҪ˼һҪˣѩεлؽҶô
Ҷ񣬡ѩʲô
Ҷһۻ㣬˵ѩǱҾ档ңؽҽҲҪѩκ̸ҿһۡ
Ҷش𣬻ĵȻˣ˲ʶӳ¼ׯʲôһһϲ֣ҪԼҲҪõʱ򲻺⣬ֶ˿ۡ
ˣ⣬ʵɢ顣
ʣǲ㿴ҳʲôͰѩθҡ
Ҷͷǵġ
˵ͬ㿴ҳʲôҪѩתߡ
Ҷ룬ԭĿͬӦҲûʲôҲ̫ˣӮһսѩλġ
ҶŻӦҶͻȻֻʣһͷ
Ҷ⣬Ҫѩ͸߿ԣ߱ӦҸ
֪Ҷ񹦷ǳҲΪԼʧѩΣлõѩΣ߼ûʣʲô
Ҷ񣺡ҪĽͷͺӡ
⣬ԷΥξܾͷ
Ϊɣνʣͷͺ˸ɾ
Ѹٵ㶼Ծ
ͷߣҶûɵĿУ鳰Ц󣡡
߲ҶĳЦĳĺ֪ǿΪ֤ᱻҶ񳰷һɡ
۴ҶĴڻûףҶһУô£һգ۾ҶعʱͷѾϣһйӮѶ
ٽѩεݸʱҶû
ùѩΣлŶҶҾ´лٴ衣
Ҷֱԣֲģʲô˼
ֱֲ飬߸ܵΣҲٶԣ˵ǡҴɽ
ߺ󣬻Ҷ˵׵ˡ
Ҷʣ
㣺ն޳书ˣ֪ᱻˡ
Ҷ˵ұΪʲôҪΪ˿ܵ˺ı䡣
˵䣬Ҷգۣϲʣڹ𣿡
㲻ȷʵǵҶ׵ˣҲֻǳѡ
㲻شҶҲȴ𰸣Щ˷ܣӦҿ㳤ʲôġ
⻰ڴߴٻгŵҲᣬɴŮװԱ𶼲⣬Ҳûʲôüˡ
ָ⿪ɴݣҶͫ
ڿһ̣ҶܶòĴЩﶼ䲻ϻ㣬һˣֻҪ¶ݣ˿һ۱٣жʧȥɫ
˰ҶŻָŻµɴϣǡ
㲻⣬ԴϣϺҶ˿ÿ
κ˱佱˳ŮῪģɻ㲻һ˿ÿÿһα˶Ŀ佱ﵽǸĿصͬʱҲǶ衣
ȾϺ⡣
Ҷĳ࣬ͬ㽭һ˵ĳƺţͬʱҲֻлԼ
ҶϿڹеŮҲˣ˱Ҫи
ԻҿǱȢ뵽⣬ҶЩ˼΢΢ͷվȻЩ̡
Ҷͷקק䡣
㱻Ҷ񣬷֪ôһߺաղӮߵ̫ҲΥ͡
к⽥ľǰ˲֪ȫǨŭ
£ʡ
֪⣬ҲḺ㣬ҴҵҾ˾ȥؽҽסҶʼ˼ᶨ
ʲôԼˣ˵ÿֶ˼ⲻˡ
Ҷ񲻹ܻʣӻͳһһ鴿ʯûκεΣӨ͸ûһ˿ʡ
ҶʯݵǰûʲôֵǮĶҵģ㣬š
㳹Ҷ˼ˣǿˡΣûȵھܾһ֣Щ˲Σ³ʮҡ
ɫӣҶݹʯƻȥҲҪ
ҶǿץŻ֣ʯϣҪĶһõ͵Ķûܾܾ
־вҶʯŸɴֱӸ̯ƣˣⲻҪᡣ
治ܡ
㣡°ҼС
Ҷͻƾܼ䣬Ҷ̵
ͦԶҶһͷͼ̻нڿٱƽǡ
ҶץŻ֣룬ߡ
һʮִ뿪ؽҽҲ£²ʱ
ܾҲߣ߰ɣ
Ҷһ룬Ҳǣ뻨ԼǸѭ񣬲Խʣµľ͵ͣˡ
ͨһ㣬Ҷ˰Ҳڵʱ㲻Ҫˡ
꣬Ҷؽҽ˸ӽˣҲתɽĵطȥ
Ҷߣ̾͵˻ߣһվŲ
ٶ죬վԱ߷߷ߵСܵñӻ죡
һ㣬˻ߣСû°ɣ
û˵鿴Ҷʧķ򣬡̼ĳ񣬻ȥ͵У˵ҼС㣬˭ͷؽҽл
Ǳ޻˵ʱ˵ô˵ѵýͣû£ڽвһСʦڣ˾ˡ
ЩǣСȻ飬¼£ǵǵĿģȻˣȥѰѩΡ
ˣˣѩαߴˡ
ߵŽ˲֪֪ԼӮٶԡ
̶ѩαȸеƽ뱧Թ䣬鼰ʱֹɽ
Ҳģͷͬ⣬һͬɽ
ҶɽṦãɽûöʱ䡣
ҶɽţֱȥɽŵƬɽɽ߹˼УıȽϴȥҵԵġ
ɽŵӲҶּ䴩󣬱߱ûҰ
ŵҶᵽŨҵѪζɽеҶõζʮִ̱ǣòҵҰˡ
Ҷ޲׽ŵ˸
ҶѰζһƬѰ˻ᣬһɽ﷢ζԴ
ɽк˶һʬ塣


13 
ЩʬбҰ˺ҧĺۼҶΪЩ˵ɥҰ֮ڡ
ЩҶʶǰҹׯؽҽֵıĮʮ
Ҷ飬ʮ߸һ١ҶŵζյȽʬԲ鿴
ʬ࣬һƽǰӦû̫ʹ࣬˵̫죬зӦ
Ҷͬ鿴ܱòʬ壬鶼һûܹ־ģҪôǲ֪飬ҪôǻûӦˡ
˭ñĮʮ޷ıɱ
Ҷ뵽ҲѰѩεģؽҽ˳ͻ
Ҷ˼˻ᣬӵʬ˻ᣬڲӶϷһСף׼ΪϸСױ˺ԡҶ˸ʬ壬ͬĺۼ
һɺϣһˣ뵽ˣҶڲһһġ
һöϸĶ⣬Ҷѭźۼȥһö롣
ʬ˺һزϣҶ¼ׯ⽭һֻҪȵʱϸСˣΪױ
뵽ĮʮؽҽͻЩ˱ɱҲ˵ùȥЩ˵ʬΪλᱻӵؽҽ
һҲ飡
̽Щ˵ҶҲЩˣЩʬ塣
Ҷ˿Щٶˣɽ֮꣬ǰժҰɽλãһЩʬϡ
ûʲôһѻһҰ·飬ǵȥҺǵˡ
˵֮ҶѾˣ㲻ɽ֡
һ˿ܼĴΪģֲܷŲٴׯ
Ҷѩɽؽ磬ûĿı˸֦֦Ǳߣĸߣ˳Ҷ˰
Ҷӵʱ⻹˹ؿҶòһĶʮַҶۣŲΣԣʹͰŽȥˡ
Ҷȥʱ߱߻ؿļªһЩũƳعؿ˶ũ磬õĶǸũߡ
֣һ㿪ؿǳ͢кã
Ҷӣȴûжˣ̶űջֻǼڰ̯
Χʵ̫ˣ
ҶţͻȻӽӰҶӦ죬ںӰʱ򣬿㣬ͬʱӰһͷС
СֻߣûвҶʻС
Сͷ壬һֻܿİɫ
һСؤҶЩ
СؤҶҲ˶٣˿ӣ磬гԵ𣿡
Ҷͷʵϴ𵽣ûУҲ
Ҷһ·ȷʵˣһûǮҲѡ
ĿԣһʱȻԡ
ͷͷְִͷ
ԱСĽкţҶǵһôĽкֻҪǳԵĶҶڶ
ҶֱͷȥϰŴͷʵˡ
СǸСò˹кҪ
Ҷ˵ûǮҿԴӦһ£ֻҪͷ
СҶô˵ʱûк˵ˣһֱͷΪǰϺгϼ˶࣬Сζɰǰһжˡ
ǧɽǰɽȺˣǧɽϰӪկʱʱɽܱ߳٣ʱ򻹰̿ͣ°޶պ޼ǡ
ǧɽƼȶգٸɱΧ˶ʧˣʱ˹ٸҲ޿κΡ
СҲ亦ҲȥˣЩԲϷˣҲʩͷ
ͬҲûģͷ˵ҪܰǧɽϵѶˣһͷҰһͷ
ѣҶţ־Ҫȥͷӡ˶ǴҽĻˣ˸Ҳûʲô
СҶ־Ҫͷæֹޣȥˣ
ֻҪСҪͷԣ㲻С־һͷ
ͷҶҧһڣְóԼˡ
СգգۣûôƤͷġ
ʼܵҶǰСؤûԶҶͷ̸˹Ҷͷ࣬ҲһСؤͷ̻
СƤʧͷһʱûع
ҶͷʣЩ˺𣿡
ͷѾʧˣСҲüƽϣҶС˵Ⱥ˶࣬䣬ٸɱΧ˶ûǣҵùͷϽؼҰɣ
ҶһͷɤЩɣͷ̯ҲûˮҶһμʱ㲻Ը㣬ˮ
ãҶ̾ͬʱһͷҳͷҪ쵽
Сֻһ˵ĳҶ棬˱һĶС뵽ǽˣЩ˻壬ǿ
С˿ϣͬʱֵС֪Σһ񲻿ϧ
С̾ľ͹ˣϽ߰ɣҲĻر
ҶС˼̫ˣҪԼҲҪ⵽ͷˣˣ
ԱСؤһͷ֪ٸһͷҲȥˡ
ҶָСؤһͷ·
СʶСؤǲ֪Ĺ¶ΪǰͷԴûôСؤˣôðˡ
СסСؤС֪ж㻹Ҵȥ
Сؤ˵ҲȥˣͿͷˡ
Сʱҭ˲ͬڸǰڵͼձȴʳ
Сؤͷʮǰ·Ҷ񲻽ĸš
С˱ӰǲĺӣڿյĽϻЩ¼š
С׷ͷ̯˺𣬱ȥ
ҶãפС˵Щʲô
ûС˵Щʲôڵײײһ˴󺰣ˡˣ
Ϊˣæʰ·СˣҲҪס˵Щʲôܡ
ǰ·СؤˣҲû˲ͷʱûطȥֻö㵽Ҷ
Ҷ࣬Ӱ㲻ҲҪȥˣʲô
Сؤ˵ûʱң˾£
ҶЦҲ̫ˣ
Сؤû
仰Ĺ򣬽һӰûˣҶãʡȥǵʱ䡣
Ҷ߻ͷ̯ͷС̫̯ܵûգϵͷð
Ҷң̯иˮҶ˻Σˮֱˮˡ
СؤŹ磬Ҳʡ
ҶСؤ鹷ƤҩԼȥ
Сؤ˸ûȤԾˣǰ˸ͷ
Ҷͷ̯ǰڷҡ
Ҷָ֧ͷ̯ľãõʮ±ͣ
ʮˣҶĵ
꣬˾ڽͷϵ˶Щδ󺺣еĻŰӡ
ͷ˿յĽֵ𣿻ӭүү
ʮڽֵǿصþòɢ
ӣϢףȻ֮ˣ
ɢȥҶŹؽ
ͷĺֵ꣬Եû۾ڽֵɨһȦҶ
ŻˣͷҲδ룬ͷ̯ų̿죬¾͵ͷ̯ǰϵδֹͷ֮
Сؤͷ̯Զˣæ
Ҷ̯ǰ˿Ҫ̤ͷ̯ʱƥһ˻Ȼء


14 
Ϊǰ㣬ͷ̯ϵסϷ£סΡ
ͷ̯ͷ̯֮͵زںҶ˿
ͷﱻ٣һȫϡ
һ˺ҵû°ɣ
סβſ̯ǰҶҶȻŲǺܺãȣȲŽһĶ̾
ʣСӣ
ҶһһɨЩˣ𣿡
Ҷʻһ㶣Ц
ҵǲˣүү
ŶҶӦһͷ̯ǰſһͲǺˣүүʮˣҪȥ𣿡
Ҷ˵ʱʮ꺺ӵЦбûҶЩ̫ˣ㲻ٶԡ
˵Ͷֺˣ
ҶʹûӰƶΣ˲棬⣬ͷһ̣Ҷ񱻳ˣһưĵڵء
ٶ̫죬һûӦ͸оһʹҲʧȥĵأоѪζһſڣ˼
ʣµ˿ǵҵͻȻأû뵽ʲô׷׸оϮʧȥĵµز
ҶЩдУһƣǲú˻
Һò״ӱĴл񣬸ҪоһֻŲϡ
ҶϷڿԸңǲˣ
Ǹ˵ģҶ˲Ϣ֮䣬ʮˣɼ书֮ߣŻԼϡ
һԼԴûˡ
׾ƺģףֿڷԡ
Ҷ񣺡˵ɱӣ°˼׹ﵱѹկˡ
ҷϣûУϴ϶ɵģҶǵġ
ģǶһû񡣡
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ˣŷ׷ҶлһýӶҶˡ
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˰գ˵ǧɽǧɽٵ˵µĽͨŦҲˣǧɽ˶ԶҲ
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СؤʣѧĹҲѧ˵ֵĹرȥѧ书Ҳȥµ·Ҫǻ书û۸ˣҲһ˴ܡ
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Сؤܺãʹڰ򣬵ԼٴһЩȥ﹤ƻܺãǧɽϵ˸ıһС
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СؤһҲգۣЩʯ۾ȴ׽κι켣
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ҶֻһҲһӳʯܱȵģСؤڸܵʯӵͬʱƶˡ
Сؤ˦֣һöı˵ʯӣܷţ
˼ˣСؤսƣʯˡ
ΪСؤ²ȣ˸ģһأʣʯӸء
Ҷ۾һֱ׷Щʯӣȫ£ߵСؤǰӵˡ
СؤΡΡѾԵƴ򿪣ȷʵпʯӡ
ҶͷһʽͽܣȻ˵㣬Ѿ˵˳ȥҲ÷ڣϾͽҲҪʡ
Ҷ񣺡ʦ
Сؤͨڵأϲʦ
Ҷ뵱ʦҪ˵Щʲôʱͨһһʦϣͽһݡ


15 
ЪϢľҶСؤˣͻȻҶ񶼾ˡ
ûﻹˣҶѰȥ󣬹һǿ׳ˣŶʮ꣬˷ɫڣźͳ඼ʮʵҶֿ
Ҷ񣺡˭
˴𣺡ҽׯĴѧգյϢ˵ʦҲҪѧվ˳ưʦ
ҶЩ֪ѧʲô𣿾Ͱʦ
ʮֺ񣬡Ҫ󲻸ߣʦңпڷԾУ
Ҷ̧ͷ죬ѵʺͽһһ
ֵͷ˿ڵϵˣСؤ֮ǰ˵ҪΪͽͻȻðģźܺˡҶĽǶ룬ܰһ˽̳ҲǱ¡
ҶİˣһͽҲǴҲû
Ϊ˹ƽҶǶ˺СؤһĹأʮʯӣסһžС
˵ãСؤԾ˵һߣҶͬʮʯӳȥȴҶ⣬Ȼסʯӡ
ҶνӵʯҪСؤЩôҲû뵽ܽ
ʮһЦʦãȫʯӵĶȴȫס
⻰Ҷ񲻽Ŀܲ׽ӳʯӵĶгˡ
Ҷӵϼʯӣøص˳ȥ
Ҷܿʯ𣿡
ͷԣǿ϶ش𣬡ܡ
Ҷֶ࿴ȻźеҶ˶ɵӡ
ɲԺСؤ˻ٴιҶǰ
ŹԼǰˣҶһ˿θкһϲá
θʦһΪʦΪ˸׾ˣ
ϲڷˣǰƤ˾˾ͻ˼ͽˣԺǷҲԷˡ
ΪҰ⣬ʦʣСؤҶҲЩ˿Ĺͷ֮йʦʦͽϵѳɡ
ҶСؤţӽԺǴӣȻɻû䣬վὨһµһţҪɳպðΪʦ
Сؤۺᣬʦ룬б
Ҷ˴ӵĿޣȻʣǸϴʲô֣
Сؤգۣûûû֡
Ҷ룬ȰΪʦǾգ͸ȡһֲܽɳͽҶ󻢰ɣ
ûֵСؤʦ֣ĵòˣֳʦллʦӴҾͽҶˣ
˴ӶҲҪ˵䣬ҶתǶӣȻһϴһģúٳɳԺŽˣҪϴһ
Ҳһʦ̻塣
ҶͷͽˣҲϢˣʦͽȥǧɽ˲ˡ
Ź˵ĶУУ˵ʱϣԼʮԲϢպҶСؤ̸Сؤʦѧ䣬Ҳ̲ס˳û뵽հʦǾҪȥˣȰʦ˷ܡ
ʦͽ··Ҷͽܵ͡
ֵҶ󻢻ش𣬡Ҳ֪Ҷ󡣡
ҶҲǣֶûеô֪ͣǴӽʹʮ꿪ʼ㣬Ժÿ
Ҷ󻢵ͷܸж֮ǰĸоûʦ֣Ҷ󻢶δڴ
˵ڼСչʮ
ҶǰĲӶסˣ˵ʮ
ʵһЦҳеϳɡ
Ҷﲹ䣬൱ϳɣ
ֽʣʦʲôԺǳ⣬ҪԱʦŵѽ
ҶԤ룬ΪΪʦҴҶԺŽկڡ
Ҷæޣʦ䣬һ֣һͳ
Ҷ󻢵ĿҶãֹʦȻۣ˵㣬ȲҲ˹Ŀһôȡôʡ
︹̹鸹̣ϾʦҳԷ
˵ǧɽ¡
ɽſǧɽɽΡ룬ƣǧ֣һ·϶ɫֲڡ
Ҷ˵Ѿǧɽϣɽ쳣ɽϴ˸կӽдկɽȥһ·ķڵ㡣
Ҷ񳰷կ
Ҷ˵ȥ
ʣֱȥ̽ʵ
ҶǰصҪ
Ҷ󻢺һۣղʦᣡ֮Ҷ
ɽפɽ·ģſʼƻƽ̹һػ··û߼Ϳһľǰиһ׸ߵ̨
ľǰһˣ̨Ҳһ˾˸ϻߴ󵶡
һһ¶Ž
˵ɽЩʲô
鱦ڶϡˣϣҴˮĹ
Ҷڵ㲻ԶǱߵΪûǡ
պ˽̸ߺյģ޳
Ҷͬǵģ
Ҷһۣϰ֮˲׶ŭ
Ҷ˵žǰȥۻ̫ȥ¡
Ħȭƣǰ塣
ҶЩӣе
Ҷ£ʦڡ
仰Ҷ󻢺ġ
ƾԼͷ󣬳ֿȭǰ壬Ҷٶȷǳ죬ôĸɣȫû
Ҷ󻢸Сȶ̣ٶûô죬ȥʱ·߼˿ôʯͷ
˳ȥʱڵ˿ʼûȲʱѾǰȥͰľǰ˵ѹƣûйѹƵģ
ʱѹƣҲͣͬʱĴ󵶡
Ҷ󻢸պøϣ˶֪Ҫε⵶һ˾ΣˣҶ󻢵ϣʯͷȥһҶʮһ£ҵѪģ
˲ҽг̨һˣ״ѾӦεҪԾ̨
Ҷ󻢺䲻⣬Ըһˣǿһ׼õˣΣӣ
ۿ˾ҪԾ̨սֻ֣ಡһǻĳԾ̨ˣֱӵء
˭үү
غ˴һһ룬ͱһٴߵڵء
ҶЩϷ˭үү
˸оԼؿڷƣͷۻ軨һſڣһѪӿʱȥ
ˣҶҶ󻢡
ǻڷѹˣѹס˷ңۿҪѹסҶҡͷȻǱֲûӱ̫ˡ
Ժе
Ҷ߹ȥֱӲ˵Դ΢ٶҲȱԴ
ղűѹ˻أͻȻֵͲԴĽţһεѹÿֲ
̲ˣú
ҶԣʾҶ󻢲ѹˣҶ󻢷ſˡ
ҶҲŲţն£ַûõ֣Ҷӳһȭ
ȭʧ׼ͷûвҶһƫͷͶˣ˻ҶҲգְԴȥֱ泯ء
ڵܺҲ˵Ϊʱˡ
Ҷʣͷկ𣿡
Ѿʧȥͬʱʶʻ˺ǿ㲻ڣڵġ
Ҷ˵ȥŸͷҲմѪԼԴ
Ҷ˵Ͱ˳ȥ
Ҷƿأ˸оԼõ˴Ϣһۣɽȥ
Ҷ󻢺һݵĿԼʦ
˵ʦ
Ҷ󻢼ʶҶ֣Ȼǿʦ
Ҷ񣺡ʦôˣ᲻ݾߡ
Ҷ񣺡ҼҳҪǫȥ˼ѣҪǰ֪һʾò
Ҷ󻢺Ҷʵͬʦ˵Ķԡ
˵һڵ㣬ֿʼϡ
˱һΪϤٶҲһ·֪ͨڵ㣬˴ɽ
ղһӮˣǼկˣݵһſ


16 
Ҷͽɽ
ʼƻ㻺ͣҶ󻢺ǿܸҶĲɽԽߡţҶû˵ĴϢͽŲͷһﻹ˵Ӱӡ
ٶȲаҶ̾ϢҪǿ
ҶҲǸϣӿųɽȥ
ɽ·ϣҶڵˣҲˡ
ɶ˵ʲôأ
һڵ㣬һڽڵҶ˴կ
Ҷÿһڵͻһɽš
̨˵Ĵţկ˶֪һ˴ɽ
ڴկկʱ˶γԴ
Ҷһ㶼ûеվկկӡפʱ仹ɽկǧɽ崦ϻи͵ɽ壬ɽկĽȽϼªɽֳɵľĽ𣬶ϻéݣϻһֵ졣
կҶҡͷʲôãӶ޲
կӣҶŰעתϣˣöɷáô󵶣øͷ
Ҷ񿴵ڵˣں棬ָη͡
ҶˣƫԴʣôˣаҵĻ𣿡
˱ͷҶһȺȥˡ
ʱһ󵱼˵ˣɽߣɱ⡣
һ䣬빥Ҷ
˶࣬Ҳ˵Ѱ˼˱ضŵñͷɪ
ҶһЩﶼں֮ڣֶмЩ˹ͬʱҶأڿնڿһ䵽Ⱥ˵ĺ󷽡
غҶδͣƶδܵ˸ղָǰ
Ҷеӡ󣬺ǵڵˣ˸ӰСﾫһҶԹͷ
󵱼ҺկֵΪѳԹĿͷֻٴ䵽Ҷ顣
١뵽ᣬġ
Щආ򣬶ЩӲ޴ϰʹѹģ˭ˡ
Ҷס˵ĲӣҵĻ𣿡
˻أˣˣ
Ҷ񣺡ҼǴ󵱼ҡ
ĸҲӣæָ·ߡ
˴ҶկӸȥϵ˲ŷ֣ǹ˰죬˶ˣ
ʱۼĺȥˣ
˵ĴþǴկԷµĵطկĵطƫһŷװһŻƤΣ׷ӡ
⻢Ƥֻд󵱼ıãŷֱǶġ
Ҷ񱻴ʱ󵱼ı뻹žͶҳկλһڽھʦѧȭţֽܹ֮ŲɾھϣΪܡ
ѧ깦ڹٸΧʧܺͣٸοɽߡ
ڿҶЮկ˽ʱ󵱼ҺͶҶƬ
󵱼Ȼعɫʲôˣ
ҶѴЮ֪ǴկĴ󵱼ҺͶҡ
ȷҶҲúģһе˳ȥ顱һػȥҶ󵱼ҡ
Ҷһһ٣ߵûȴǧÿһһǧﴸڴ󵱼ҺͶͷ
Ҷ߱ʣѹɽ°գʳǮƺ˼ҹ
󵱼ұҶȴȻӲƨ£
Ҷʣɱ޹֮ˣ
Ҷ֮´󵱼ҺֵܶҶʻ糣ɴ󵱼ҸоһֱȸС
󵱼Ҷűȸлش𣬡Ρ
ǰһ뻹ڴмҶת۾͵˴󵱼ǰ
󵱼ұҶӣȻҶɱ˳˵Ρ
֮󣬴󵱼ҸоԼһɴסʺ
󵱼䣬֪Ǹٱĸ֣ȴоסʺˡ
ԵĶңǰһ̻Уһ̾ͼ׾٣ܡ
еȻ񣬿һ·ͬеĴ󵱼һЩֵ飬󵱼֣εҶס󵱼ʺֱۿȥ
ףžҶϮҶֶܡ
Ҷһ۶ңйͷųѹʱ˾Ȼս⡣
Ҷеһ˿ζЩ뵥Źˡ
һҶʱûһգֺҶ͵һԾ˫ֱӲ˶ҵĵ
Ҽˣֱ»ӵͼ˦ҶҶסϤͼһһ߲϶ҵļ򣬲֮
˲оǧѹ˫ȲԾȻԼ׹򵹣ӶŵԼͷȥ
ۿҪҶϣҶΣңŲŶԴһԾһ˸ա
ҶԾշ˸һξ׼䵽ҼϣµȸղŸ󣬶ҳŲһģۿҪ˵ҽǰͼõŵؽһ
һӵʱ򣬴󵱼ôץסҶһ󵱼ҺͶҸԵĶͻȻ
ɶҵĵûӵ˳Ĵ󵱼ҵĲӣ³ͻȻûӦ
ڶҼϵҶѪƿһҾȻһն˴󵱼ҵͷ
ͷѪӿЩҶ°ϣѪοһĻ󵱼ҵͷҲ䵽ϡ
󵱼صͷ۾黹ŭ
ⷢչҶ⣬ֻǴһ٣Ȼ͹٣ûɱˣϾ˾ʱ˵ˣⲻɱˡ
ǡʱҶҲŽˣպÿ֮ǰһĻ
ںҵɱ˴󵱼ң
úܿ죬϶Ǵ㵾
Լ£æͣǣûУ⣡
ҽΪϾ󵱼ɱġ
Ҷ񻹲ڶҼϣͼӴףɱͷۿģҶߴ󵱼ҵλá
Ҷ˵ãһ˵öһе׾մѪĵٴλͷ
ۼҪҶ񣬶Ҷ˫ţѹڽϣѹѹ֮ǰصѹöֱӹڵء
ǿֱѹĶҵϥǹۣҲվֱ̱ڵء
ҶӶҼûͷͷǣһ֪ӣ˽顣
ǿӣҲͶ
ͱҶ壬飬˼
ʱҶ˵ӿԣҪȷӵõŶץͲˣ
ǡвҵһˣһˣûָӵûս⣬ҶôһвСġৡһ¶˱ͬʱɱңͶ
˴ͷ˽ţܿ˶жס
Ҷ󻢺կҵҶʱ˼һűͷɪҶŻƤϣյسԴƺʲô顣
ǰһ󺺣һͷʬ塣
ʬ壬ŵú˼ҶΪСˣ̫ۻĶ˺ģẦ£ûвʬ嵹¡ڳʦֵļѵ¾ųԺô£
ҶСӶ˵ʮ㣬ѵһһ㶵أ󻹹˸á
̬Ҷ⣬ܵҶǰޣʦôͰ˽ˣ񹦸ܵУ⸽İһлģʦǵĴˣ
ҶûοҶ󻢵ϵĻƤ֣ص˵ϴ϶ΪʦϲŻƤǵկɣ
лҪ˵ʵ̫ˣٸһ



17 
Ҷ´һһ뵽˵ģȻִС
ִǰҶͽܻ༦ｫǵ㣬ҪկҪµӶԼկΪ٣Ҫƽնկ羴壬ҪҰԺ󣬺Ȼֵĺܣ
ҶΨҶĻհҶ˵ʲôǶԵġҶΰ󱧸ûκ뷨ֻǿ˿©ĴΪʦصԶ
˵˺׳ҪʵҶҶ󻢵ĳ룬ʦȺô죿ֱɱ𣿡
˵ɱʱڵϵ嶶˶
һ˴ģҾջģδɽ٣
˻䣬һ𣬡ʲôʱջˣÿɽܵñӻ죬Ҳջģ
ʦͽĿ뿴ˡ
ҶԼû⣬ʦô죿
ҶˣһȺ̫鷳ڳǰ˾ص˵ֻҪɱˣſ㶼û¡
Ҷò׼ɱ˵ĵԴһ˵ǵѹգӯͰдģ͹ϳͣ
Ҷˣ˵ʲôͽܶҶһ˵͹٣Ҷ󻢾ʮϵĽڴկһӡ
Ҷ󻢺ǸӰһɽ͹١
ӵʱҶ󻢺˵η˺˴Ҷȥη
˵ηʵ䰤һĴ󷿼䣬ߣηˣ߹صĶŮˣǶŮǱɽġ
ұ߹صĻˣ٣һʲ֪ǹƱ̿ͣżǮ֮ǰûʱģɱˡ
Ҷͽܹ˷ųʱ򣬶Ҷм㡣
ҶؾˣһֳãʮֲͷĻִɽؼҡ
Щ˵þȱϲຣɽؼҵлԷ֯ɽ꣬ҶȺлһûߣǸͷͷףƤڣɽȫֻʣƤǡ
ͷҶۣ̲סʣͷ㲻
ͷ岻ãΡΡеˣϽȥ
ͷɿݵļ򣬡СӲسɴ
һЦô˻ظ佱
Ҷ˾ͷһ٣ͽȻòÿҲǰһģ˵£ҶҲš
ͷͷȽŲ㡣
ͷȣԴǸ˵ͷȽŲ㣬ˣ
Ÿݵͷû£ȽżȻ㣬ҵȻɽȥҴ򡣡
˵ɽҴͷƤտҲ򣬷ɽЪϢͳɡ
ԼҲûǮ˵㸶ǮĺҶͷȣɻһȵĲ˫ȳ̲һؼҶͷǰߣںҶʱû˵
˷꣬ҶկѲ˷ȷû˺Ҷ˾Ҷ󻢺ڶһѹȺȥٸס
ڶȫ꣬ҶɽկڰϵĴ󵶻д˸ȥ֣Ҷյ߻شãŻƤϣ˼Ҫʲô
ûҶҪʲôûߵͷһȳһյĳ˴ãҶڣʵСӣôɽ
ҶأԺҵĵ̣Ϊʲôɽ
ͷûϵҶô˵Ϊ˻ĿĺһҲҪռɽΪˣ
Ҷͷһۣ˭ҪûƷλˣ
ҲţҶָȳͷ뱧
ͷ켣оٽ˵Ҷôһ˵ЦСǲ֪ߵغһСʹãܴˣôܺͽЩĽأ֪ÿ꽭ɱɱж٣µһôõģ
ǵһҶˣҶƤ̧̧ͷ˵Ĳмһˣôɱ߳ɱʲôϵҸҵɾˣԣ˾ǣ
ͷĵҶǳ˵ΣͬʱԼĿĲͻ㲻ٶԣֲм̬ȵܶǰʶһˡ
˳ңһ£һն²ƽ£أøʬĵز
ͷҡͷ̾Ϣ˵׸̾ȥȻһֻһ֮Եˡ
Ҷ;ͷйŹ֣˶ͲԶѣȴҪ⡣ɢʵһֱͷĶʱԹҡͷΪǷղŵ˵
Ҷʣҡʲôͷ˵óõ
ͷ֪ҶĶҡͷǷ㣬ֻһԸƵˡ
ƣҶ𣬡Ҽ˵ֻһң˭ƣ
ͷҶ񱨳һ֣һ˺ܶˣ½֮
Ҷɴش𣺡ʶ
ͷ˵Ʊã˲űһײʶҲ
Ҷе棬𣿡
ͷأڽްܼ
ҶЩźȻôôأң϶һܡ
ͷҶ޻˵˵ôҲˣԼѰ˸
ҶǾͷµĿĿɣǲزסˣֱʵͷЪôûɽ
ͷ˵ֻ£Ҳ
Ҷ˵կѾɵˣҵĵ̣ܲȻҪʹҵ
ͷҶҪ̾կ̬ȼԼҲ򲻹ԾͲԼҪĶɽ
ͷ̷㿴ϸ첲Ϣһôܹ˵ұ˹ؾˣʱˮδ鰡ɽߵ·ܾͻȥɲųɽ¾͵˸˶಻
ͷƤ˵Ҷˣͷ˵öԣɽҲˣ뵽˳ʳġ
Ҷͷ˵ҪҲԣȥ˾㡣
ͷ˹ȷʵûԶٺ÷Ҷôһ˵ҲɣҪԷ
ͷҶԼȥˡ
Ϊɽھˣ˷ͷúܿ죬ûͷͶһ̵ķ˻ص
Ҷ£黹ûأŵ˲㣬˼һֱһûһٵģԹõĶǻĸ㣬էһ㣬û㡣
˵ĳʳķḻͷһİ׷Ҷ˿ӶͿԡ
ͷú㣬һײ˶䣬ڼۣζ
ҶԵÿƺˣүүⷹã
ͷүүƺãͬʱ룬ʱ¥Ƴʦѧģܲ
ͷֿˣǺ޷ģʶ÷ҲԵÿ뵱µһû˰˶
Ҷ֪ͷ뷨ͷ÷˺ζڣүүȽŲɴͱˣ
ŴԣͷеķʵЩѣ֮ǰͲߣһٷĹͳһһ뵽Ҷ˵ҵ
ͷԼҲ֪ôģҶ浥ôܳһµһ


18 
ȵҶ󻢺Żʱ˶
Ҷע⵽ĶЩϹ߲ˣģ
Ҷ˵ɽ°ոлץ͵ģҺʹҪӲǵġ
ֽ˵˵Ҫﴴɣ컹Ҫɽлʦ
Ҷɽ°ѹ˰ոлӦõģҲû˵ʲô
˿Ҷ󻢺ҶȻϴ¶ףϻֵ·Ҳһũװ硣
Ҷٵͷ˿Լӳžû·Ȼ·;ˮԴϴϴһ·ҲУµͷҲôá
Ҷ룬ŪǮҪˣ·
ҶβǮͽܽȥԷʣµʳĻ࣬ͷգ˵ķʮַḻ
Ҷ󻢺࣬ûôԹ˷ʢķˣŲ˿ˮҶһ˾̻Ҷûˡ
ԷԼͽܣҶҶ󻢺ʱҶ̵ǽµһɣµӶҪжȣǸղųԷӳʲôͳԺǳԷٶϸʣʧǡ
Ҷǵһͽǰѵˡ
ʦ࣬Щ£֪ˣԺҲˡ
ͽܵı֤Ҷ⣬´λ
ʱµͷһĻЩȻ𲽣Ȼ뷨ۣйأĿҲǺõģǲ֪ܳŶá
ԹҶͽȥϢҪϸѵϣĿ̿࣬ɡ
Ҷ󻢺˵ʦҪǱ˷ܵҹ˯ţѼªҵ̹㣬˵ĶǴ̡ͨ
˳۵ӣҶ󻢺ȻøҶʣԼѡ˷䣬ͷѡǰҵӣҶ󻢺ͬסҵķӣطҶǮһկһ顣
뵽ǮҶֿʼǮѣʼڳ¼ׯǿ壬ӦúֵǮɣ
黳ҶҲ֪ⲻʵ뵽ʱڳ¼ׯ˵ɶԼ׬Ǯеʱĳ¼ׯжķ͵̵ӪկʺϸʲôӪأ
ҶǮ뵽˰ҹ׼˯ʱҶнŲŲͷ䴫ģӯƽȣһȳһյͷġ
ҶסĵһᣬŵҶмйŹ֣룬˳ȥ
ҹɫʣ¹ⶼܽͶӰӣҶһȥͿֱ߷иɫӰ
ҶˣһƵĸȥ
ӰկɽȥģҶٶȿ죬ᣬûþ͸˺ӰּͶ°߲¹УҶӰȻͷ
Ҷͷּɴ磬аȽŲģ
ҶţͷȻйŹ֣
կϾǧɽ֣־ǵͰĹľͷͣҶҲֱͣأ뿴ͷҹɽҪʲô
ͷڹľѰʲô˾Ͳˡ
Ҷգգۣһֱͷ˲ƾղ
Ҷ˲ܾôʧͷڹľʲôѵ˵ŹľлѨ
뵽һ㣬ҶûŶһҪٸȥ鿴
¹Ӱ·ֹҶ࿿һŴϵʱȥʱ䵽ˣҪȥ鿴ʱľ˶
Ҷ񿴵ͷֳڹľУʱûнȥʱɣľڵͷİӣԶʲôصĶ
ͷӹľʧʱҶſʲôɵͷٴγʱҶĺﵽ˶㣬ӿε߳վͷľԻߵ·ϡ
վλϣҶڿͷȫòһڹľмǰС
Ҷʵϵʲô
䲻ֵͷһҶֺܿͷ֪Ϣǰģ书϶߳٣ǿ϶ܲġ
ĽӴͷٶҶԸе˽⣬⿴ƺаʵ书ǿһһ޷Ԥһ뷨ȻʶҶûʲô£ͷܾаԡ
Ĳ࣬ͷҶҲûֱ֣̽˵˵ϵʯͷ𣿡
Ҷӣţ첻ɽΪ𣿡
ͷûлشҶƹͷߵǰͷ˵Լ
ͷҶҲֹΪֹ֪Ҳûá
һһ۳ʵľ䣬ͷһĴֵָҶȥͰϡӿϴҶһֱӰҲˡ
ӣҶ񿴼ӵĽ鱦¹£ıԵĹʡ
ҶһʱĹۣǡڴʱһֱδͷͻȻΣԼٶԶҶߣͬʱת˫ۣҳ·ߡ
ֻ·߻û滮壬͸оһɴקˣͷвعľԣ˸ˤ
ȥ󣬵Ҳû˺ˤһҲ޹ʹ
Ҷٴ𣬡ʲô
ͷ˵㷢ҵĿģڡ
Ҷ񣺡˿ڵ𣿡
ͷź񡣡
Ҷ񣺡
Ҷ񿴿鱦ֿͷ˵˵⵽ô£
ͷ֪ԼܲҶҲûɱ⣬΢Щ˵ͷˣҵǮһռɽΪ˻ĲƱһطɽǶ˵ĲƱֻǹг˵ʧ󣬱ץˣһûӳǾˡ
ͷ˵Ҷˣ˵˶ͲÿɽͷҪԭǿǮơ
ҶĿ䵽ĲƱϣЩģҶƽ룬Ȼľ͵ðǻȥ
ѶҶֿͷͷ˼Ѳ⣬ҲóԵŵ㣬ͽǰص˵˸ͷߣʳԡ
Ҷߺ˻ᣬ˵ЩǮģ·Ҫɽ°գ㿴һˣҲϹڣկʱǸա
ͷղˤڹľУҲżԾ̱ڵϣҶ˵կΪ⡣
ͷʱҲڽϴˣһȣֻ±ҲȷʵƱģǣֻǵ·ѣһ·⡣
ͷԼĴҶĻһ鱦òˣղҲûɹͷ켣꣬ףԼ¼ҹҲһοʱҲ˺Լ顣
Ȩͷ¶ĴӵվԺֻ
⻰һҶ֪ǴˣӺҲѽ
Ҷ⻰Ҫܻͷȴ֪Ҷı֤
ȻկͷҲŤ󣬱Լ𡣡
Ҷ񣺡ҽҶ
Ҷûʲô˵ģҹɽϿʼ
Ҷ˵Ȼȥ
ûͷ׼ߣȴҶסŲ鱦ȥɣ
ָָԼȣȳͷӴôһ鱦ɽ
ҶȻѽҲҲҪ鱦ɽģҲһ
ⲻһ˵֮ǰΪֻҪӰɽЩġ鱦ѾˣҪɽһ˿ʹ
Ҷ۾ϴֱ𣬿󱳷ëܲˣøղŵӸҶһɽ


19 
СҶǽʲôԵģկƮ
ҶſڷҲÿʲôΪģկĸ˶һףѾҲˡ
ֹһιֹҶһӽ鱦ҶȫͻİˣԼһ㶼ûǰԲĳš
أʱǿԲϷꡣ
˵ѾûˣտʼʱҶկɽ˵ʵǿɽ°վǣÿɽ͵Եġ
иý˵ҪҶ˵ףﻹǴ˼ҵŮҶƷĽҶ˲ţԸױ޸ҶҶ󻢺ͽܾǺ£ֻҪҶӦǾͳԴ
һֿ̬񾯸ǿƵŮõ
ΨҶһľܾǶ׵ˣδŵӣͶϣɲŮò
Ҷ˵⻰ʱǻ㣬ѩɽ񣬻ûܾȻͬ⡣
Ҷ󻢺æյҶǰʦ㶩ˣʲôʱ£ô֪
Ҷ˵֮ǰ
ýŻģǼССұҼֻǶףԻٻ顣
ҶΪδŵǽһˣţ˵ǼСֻò˵һţлٻ۵㡣
˵ˣý˵ȥڨڨˡ
ýһҶ󻢾ʹʦʦﵱǽһˣ
Ҷ񣺡һƭ𣡡
Ҷ󻢺ʲôֽ֪Ľһģ˶ûһǾ
Ҷ񣺡㻹ţҴӦȢͰ˴ơ
Բϵͣȵʱ򽭺һ˿ܶΪһˣ⻰Ҳֻ룬û˵
ʱҶĳ˳ԲϷ˸˵⣬һ飬ǰ˵ҪǧɽȻ֯կһ顣
կҶܲ˴ӷǰկҶ󻢺ȥɽ̶ˮ
Ҷ󻢺ſʼÿ࣬һҶȥץ㣬Ѿܵ÷ɿ졣
ѰһҪ㣬ҶԹҾԽԽˡ
Ҷ񣺡һ̣ǰڼѣѾҪʲô׬Ǯˡ
𣺡ʲôӡ
Ҷ񣺡ǧɽ²мٵ棬̿Ͷ࣬Щ·;ңԶȫҿǮǡ
𣺡˼ھֻרŵĻͣõ㡣
Ҷ񣺡𣿡
ҡͷ뷨̫棬дССھֲ°ټңеóŵľʮңһé®Сӣʲô˼
ȰҶ뷨вͨڴʱ˾կǰҶկ𣿡
һİկаɽл⣬ûɽҶԿһۣԴȥ
߳ȥҶ񿴼կǰվŸŽµӣò滹ĸʹˣ˸̧һվ
ӼҶæȭ񣬡Ҷ
ǸİˣҶַʶ𣿡
Ӵ𣺡ǰòŴϾ£㲻ǵˡ
Ҷǰˣȷʵûӡ󣬡ǵá
ҲȦӣ½̾ģҩģǰ·˵ر˽ٳɽȲຣ
ŶҶӦҶǵ˹źܶˣֳһ˵ӶûסǰһӡûУûж⣬˵ʲôʲôɣ
̾ļҶô磬Ҳƽϣ˵ɽרл⣬ί
Ҷ˶üëʲô£
̾ģҴ˴ν˴ҩģڼ·;ңԶ˵ʲôΣգǻϷ̡
˵Ŀ̾ʾ˽̧ǰ򿪣Ԫ
̾˵Ϊл֮ί͵Ķ𡣡
ȱǮҶǿʮĶͶҲʲô£οԭҲôģ⻹ûѸȥˡ
ҶΪһͷҪӦԱһֱδʣ֪ϰΪβֱھͣļǮǵҵġ
ȻǱҶвģɾʱദӦ⼸Сֵĺദû۱Ҷ󻢺еİȰĵͬҲʼΪǲġ
̾˻ͣҽھֱԶھһ·ˣⱱԶھбϣұԶھ֮µ¡ھֺͨھҲУôƫƫһûͷС
֮̾ǰûôעͷҪȴҶȣȻǿҵı£ھҪöˣһ͹
̾Ҳŷϣ˵ģġ
Ҷ÷ۣҲҶź˼ĵ˵ѵ⣬նôۣʹӦˣһǱڵĿӵأ
Ҷĵǣ˵ҲпŲ˵ҶȷʵȱǮǮǾͿŪǰӪοǮһôµһš
˵ˣ֮ǰﲻֹһγЦҶҪһµһŵ뷨Ҷ뷨ɣʵʡҶĻ֪Щƫ뷨ǱʶΪԼܣңҲ׹ֻҪ²ɹһҲδɣ㲻ȥ
ȰĻȻ˾ҲȰͻȻܾò򵥣ҪСġ
ҶͷӵоţٴˣǰҲ
ѾϰҶʱʱŹͷĻ˵ˡ
˵ãҶƵ߻Һ³ˣⵥӣɣʲôʱ·
̾ľҶˬ죬糽ʱҺҵ̶ǧɽϼջǰ
Ҷ񣺡û⡣
ҶӦͣ̾Ҳûʲô˵ģˣ¾ɽӾԼպá
Ҷ񣺡͡
Ŀ̾ɽҶ˰װаӰᵽķ
Ҷ񣺡ŲҪߣЩӾ㱣ܡ
ųӣռ˲Ʊǰƣ㲻Ҿ˽ӣ
Ҷ񣺡Ҽ㣬ˣҲ£ҵĶˣҲ׷
ٴ˵¶ʲô֪˵һ仰һ㱳
ҿû˼ŵȥ㿴ãһҪµһŽ𡣡
Ҷͷİ׷ҪǸʱ򡣡
ЦҾһ겻⡣
ҶҲЦˣЦݲȾʣ洿⡣
Ҷ˶ӣ첻ˣɽȥתת
ӣҶԸկ··Ҷ󻢺ˣӰͷβ飬ǵýפ㿴԰ڡ
ǸͷСֳŵɽͷȥҶܾˣԸ⣬Ͳͷˡ
СҲɴ࣬Ҹš
ڰݳһѣصկѾҹ
Ҷڷʰ˵ʰҲûʲôɴģֻһֱŵǰѽ
òţҶŻ£ϣɵ˴ϡ
Ҷź̾Լʱ˴硣
һ˳ţԼ˱ǣø˴кտžͿկ⡣
ҶЩ⣬ô硣
ҶЦ˵ʦС
ҶһˮʦŲ׼ĸ·ϳԡ
ҶӹЩж֮ǰ˾˶û׼Щ
Ҷͽܣô˿˵ЩʲôȻˣͲҪиӽ쿪ʼǳʼ̵Ĺ⣬ÿǧɽŵɽΣھͿʼ
Ҷ󻢺һۣǧɽɽŵկ۸ҪɽŵɽΣ˺Ƕᣬĥĥû
Ҷ񣺡ȥĻԸ
Ҷ󻢻ʵҶһϾͶһҶ󻢾ֻиŶ
ͽҶ˵ҲˣҼලǡ
ͷӦݲ£Ҳûʲô˵ģֻٴζСġ
ҶͷӦˣŽŰɽ
ǧɽĽͨŦµıؾ֮أһƬطҿջһҾ¥
Ҷ񵽵ʱ򳿹΢¶ﶼǻɵģҿջ;¥Ŷ
˵̿Ͷˣ⼸ȫŴգײͬѰ˵õϼջǰ̾ӰӶûС


20 
Ҷվڼҿջģֹջ˳·˶ûС
ľҶȫ䱸ߵϼջҵĿջǰš
ΪҵžƿʱлС֨ھ׵Ļ¸̶
̶ҶԼпƶĽŲŲֹһжˣҶʱ
ſҶ񿴵ջʶڷ룬ջгжУȴû˵Ӱӡ
ȴǾڴˣϹ
ŸղĽŲҶûӰóһ׼ĸҶĵϧͬʱ˽ȥ
ҶıҶӵеĵϣഥ޴죬ͬʱĵط˼֧
֧׼ޱȵĲҶӳıϣͷû
Ҷ˼ֻ
Ҷջô׼ˣαضأһս
ҶһǼž˻ӦҲ˶
űϼķλҶûĸèèȻֻҶˡ
Ҷ˵ţֱӴڽջٶȿöӰһ־ǻӰٵ߾硣
Ҷȥľǣͣ£˲ʶҶˡ
иɳƵ˵ˡ
̶ֻһ䣬ҶͶ϶ķλڷϣٸķжϷϻһˡ
֪һ˵ķλҶûŶķҶ֪¥ˣűһˣ̨һˣϷϵˣˡ
жϳ˵ķλҶûӰƶȵӱߣ
嶯жϵķλģҲӵģҶɶļͬʱԾ𣬽ͬʱϵΪ壬ԾϷ
ϵͰݲվҶסΣͬʱڷˣ˴źɫװ档
ҼˣһǺˣҶжϵͬʱٳ֣ϮˡڿҶ̽䱸ҪҶһսϧվһ
Ҷ׼ĵϴѨȷ˲ܶ󣬶ǵļֱ·£ڱ𴦵˱ɴɱɷŹ̬伸
ѪЩƣűصɾĴýѪ
Ҷڷͣ˻ᣬǸλã˲ˣжϵһ̨һźһ¥
мϷֱȡҶţҶնͬʱжǸ¥ģ˳ŷȥҶȻһδںõӰ
Ҷһ֧ղŶļڼעδںõӰȥ
Щ˵ļȷʵ׼ҲͬѰЩҶעȥ֧ǰֵһᣬҶֱ֧Ӵ˵С¥ľذֹ
С˻ֻ̣ƺһһмͬڸ¥һ˶Ҷ׽жڷһű䵽¥ϡ
˸¥Ҷֱӹδ˵ˣû뵽Ҷ˿죬ЩֲǿоͱҶס֮ǰ˵ˣҶ編ƽ¸¥
ʣµ˶Ҷ˵ֵһᣬûʲôͽˣʼͬɱˣ˶
Ҷűץס˵Ĳӣʲôˣ
ҶȻ˲ӣҲûѲˣ˵ܺ
ҶʻֻǺЦȻѪˡ
ѪнҶϣҶ֣ͷˣ֢ͬ״
ҶЩͷԣʱջ⴫һǶʿʧֻ˶ϡ
Ҷ̾ġ
ҶʢȥȻ̾վ⣬滹ˣô֪ʿЩ˵Ŀʲô˵óʱϼջϣôڲŵ
ҶһӸ̾ģ̾ǲĸҶȻ˵Ǻ֡
˿Ҷֻ֪𰸣˶֪Ŀ佱Լ֪
̾˵Ľ̵ˣɱҵģԼϼջʵҲסϼջסЩũңʱЩ⣬ˡ
Ҷ񣺡ΪҪɱ㡣
̾ģ˵壬ҵ̶Ӿǰ棬Ǳ߱˵
Ҷһʼ²ô򵥵׼ĿǰΪֹܽܵģҪ̾ĻνЩ£Ҳԣ̾ǰ̶ӡ
·̾˵ҳ̻ңʱϷïïЩ飬ҲǽˣӦĽһɡ
Ҷ񣺡֪Ǹչʮ꣬Ҳ췴ɡ
̾㶣Ľһ֮ϱֿɣоۡ
̾ģҪô˵ҲԣĽ̷һʮչʮ꣬һֱλͬţֻǽЩ֪ʲôԭĽ½ŴѰϱʿ
̾ģĽϱֻలô궼û£ͻȻƣֱĽб䣬ΪְΣصҵĽ̵ؽʱ̽һĽ̵ڲǸˣԼ㣬֪Ľͼıֻңҵܻܵʧҽ˱Ľ̵ؽʱ̽Ľ̵δ룬һ̽ȴ˴
˵Ҷ̾ĵ̶ӣ̶˹к̸жϡ̶װػһ˳ӻʮˡ
Ҷᣬŵ˲ҩζ
̾ҶҶҶڰһѾС˵Ѿ֪ˡ
к̾Ľ˸Ҷǣһƥصظѡ䲻ʲôǧȴҲԸ˳־á
ҶëɫҲǾιģҲ͡
̾ĵ̶˾ȫˣһ·˵ҲָղϼջǱҶûʲôˣȴðˡ
ҶҲûоɽϻǸ磡
̾ˣû䣬ҲҶ̾û˵Ļߵߣ˳ղû˵꣬
̾ᣣʶҶ֣Ϊģ˵Ľ̵ĵؽ̽Ľûִķѣλִ£ǻ̲ģλ˲ź൱ƺ⣬˭Ҳ޷ȫ˭άűƽ⻥භսͲⲨյϱ֡
Ҵ̽Ϣʱ򣬲Сй¶ݣĽ̾۲ŵ֪ҴĽ̵ʵϢ·׷ɱһ·ӵΪĽ̵ĵؽ磬Ǿκβң˭֪ǾȻ׷⡣ڶ׷ɱ;뻤ɢֱץɽұΪû뵽㡣
ɽҵ̶ӻϣζ׷ɱʱ򸽽ĴӶڴ书ǿĳԾɽ㻤͡㿴ҲһҹĽ̵˾׷ˣ˸ۣûסϼջȻҵ͵Ϊֹˡ
̾˵⣬Ҷȥ˵ϰ壬Ҳͦģ׷ɱܴ󳵻
̾ЦЦ˵ͷΪȣ˵ˣһؽҽĲҩҿɵ󲻵á
ؽҽҶ˶ҪѲҩ͵ؽҽ𣿡
̾ģ͵ؽҽҩ̡
Ҷ񣺡𣿡
̾ģУؽҽǻҽ״ĵط徻ҩڸԺǽĽϣҩĶЩӡ
Ҷ񣺡鷳ץҩһط
ҶҲһԼҽĴʲôҩһ𣬴ӲŪ죡ʱʱҩ
̾ģҽ㣬Թض˵㡣
Ҷ⻨ؽδΪԺ󲻱һñӣҶû˵ʲôֻ뵽οܻ㣬ڴ


21 
ӴŻ̲ô죬ҶǮһ·Ҳ㾡ģ˺üĽ̵׷ɱ
һҹ̣ڴºϷؽ硣
ֻҪɽݳǱͻ˽ӦңʱĽ̵˲Ϊ塣
̾ĻԸҶ˵
ҶŸûдȴ룬̾Ļݣֵü˰ɱ֮ȴֻԼĵ˽ӦС޵
ţҶ˳̽ϢΪһʼ˻㣬վңҵļǮ㹻ھ㣬Ϊң
ЩһʼУֻҶӵķ϶Щⲻôأ̾ͷ˳ˡ
Ҷ̾ĳĬһ·ҶְΣʼΪα׷ɱ⣬δκ⣬¿쵽طˣȴͻȻʳҪ⣬ϧĴ𰸲֪ġ
̾˵ԼĿȻǿͱ¡
ǰһشɲ꣬һϳҶԻȻĽܣɴ̾˵Ҷܾòô˼
ʱӴҶܵ̾ԵʣϵǣԲ˵Ļֻһ룬ˣʵȱǮҶ򽻵
ҶȰ˰ȫ͵ĿĵأʣǮƽˣȥ㣬֮ʹǮǧɽ̾ĴӦͻ֮ٸһǧ
ǮҶǧɽµѳȥٹ㿪ɽŶЩӡ
δƻҶҲú̾˵ˣ˵ٴˣǰ£Ҳܵס
ǼϷֵؽ磬һ϶ల£¶ͷʱ̶ӾϣȡůõĻѾͳˡ
ʱ̶ӽݳǡ
ݳǽϷĵһǣλԽ˿ܼĴǡ
˳ҶǰӦ̾ĵˣӡһʮ꣬һŨü۵ģ̾˵ֵĸ֮һΡһҪЩʮ꣬ҲϷ˵ˣͦ
̾˿ȥʶʱ˱ȥ˾¥Է
ϣҶ̾ĵԼҪ͵ȫط˽Ӧ㣬ҵҲˣʣµǮҽˣҪȥˡ
̾ģôżϷɽˮ£ʣһһ
Ҷ˵ҪҲһ𣬡ˣͽǻһȥָ
̾겻ǿ󣬴ӻóһƱݸҶ񣬡ȻˣҲһǧƱպá
һǧ֮ǰ˵õģҶҲƾֽӹ
Աߵͦ˲һ䣬ϰ濶
̾ЦЦҶֵۡ
̾˵ֶҶŻȥҲ⣬һ·ڳĿջ˼䷿Ϣһߡ
ҶƱôã̾ĵû˵ֻ̾Ǯƽף͵ԷҲǮˣαضһһ
Ҷ˵̾ĵĬϵӴҶȥջϢҶ뷴Ҳûʧȥˡ
Ҷξʹյ̾Աʵǳ¼ׯ˱ܽػˡ
̾ĵòȷʵ͵ڳ¼ׯ˵һ¡
ΣǮӣҲǮΪ֮ˡ
һߵͦʣδ˼ǣ
Σܽػɽׯ󣬵ʱֻ˷ĩҲû˿ľǱܽػ
ͦε˼˵ܽػû٣
˵뷨ųܡ
̾Ķ˱ڲ裬ۣû˵һ֣һ˿뵽ܽػʲô
ݳĿջƿջҶȥʱȷʵ̨֣ͤ¥󣬺컨ӦоС
̾ĸҶ˸ϷӽҶҴȥҶҺõķ䣬ȼ̴㣬͸οմϸ߲źĵ̺ľϵĽһͺ
Ҷȥûֱɵϣϵı챻Ҷѹݡ
ȻҶ۾̾ڴϹ˹ⴲȫɣ˯棬ϰ̴㣬˷¾衣
뵽⣬ҶȻۣӴͷڱڴϣҷ˷
ȱĵطҶú⣬ڷϿʼ˼ô졣
һʼҶ֪̾ʱ˵˻ѣ̾ʼ˵Ǳ˽ɽȲŵɽɵ˹һЩﲢû̾ġ
Ҷ˲ǿӣ۾иװܸ֮ı˵òҶСѵ˾۾һ˵ݿܱı䣬۾ǲģϹˡ
ﱻߵҶȷʵֲǵӣǵ۾ҶӡҶ涼û̾۾
ǮƣҶ񲻻ΪĴ󷢣ĵҶȷʵ̾ǮĶҶȻģûա
̾ΪʲôʲôĿģδ֪ҶֱӺ̾ķֿĸв̽û뵽̾ľȻסϢʱҶ;п϶¡
ҶƫƫͷǶȸպÿԿȼ̵̴㣬лҩҩ˿ƶǶûо
Ҷʵ벻ͨҲûãǾ˾˵Ľ̻ûɱˣˣô¾ˣ
Ҷķ˼УƿջȴżСк˵⣬춯
Ҷڷĵʼ²̾İŽһҩķ䣬ʲôʱ˻ʲô
²УѾ죬Ҷȵ˯ʱݶж
ڷߣˣҶΪ̾Сˣ˽ŲأһͲء
ݶ˻ᣬ׼ͣҶ񷿼ݶϣӽҶϷ˿̷û𣬺ڳһƬֲָ
ݶϵͣºݶƬҿ΢¹ӽҿƬĵطйҶѰŹ⣬ƶβ֡
ݶƬҿɹһͨĿ϶δݶ£뷿˾Ӧ˻һѵȻϮ򴲱ߣŴһҿ
Ҷڷ濳ϲƥ潻·ҶⷿҩɱҲ̫ˡ
Ҷȥץʻ鶼ûС
֧ͣӵȼ΢ĹֻһСƬطǰѻһղŷ֣˰Ĵﻹˣ
űһĴһɻ󣺡ôûˡ
ҶѾȻӷƵ浽˰
İһʶᵶȥҶһֱעŵӰâֱסݹӰ
һһ˿˱׽ס˲ãҶһꡱѾʣеҲӦء
Ҷץȥһڴϡ
Ҷڵϵĵһ˲ϣͱ𶯡
ĵǰʧԭ
Ҷʣ˭ģ
˵Ľ̵ˡڲϣ˵Щ
Ľ̡˵һŶȶûУҶǴЩûиɱ֣ɱֱϣôûµɱ
ǡʱҶöƴƿХֱҶ󱳣Ҷͬ۾ɶ
Ҷһ㣬ֱȥҶӵϵ˽ͺûϢ
ⰵǳģҶ룬ûע⵽Ǳڷ⣬۲һУùصذŽ̽ڻҡ
˭Ҫɱ
̾Ļˣ
ôĿʲô


22 
һʱ両ҶͷδҶ˼ʱ䣬İƿնֱȡҶš
Ҷ۾ӦڰЩĹ켣ܵͬʱҶһöҶÿ϶˰һۣһöرķڣаҶ񽫰ڱʼᣬиɿŵζ
ⰵι˶ģǾ綾ֲ˿졣
յóۣмƶĽŲҶжϳ˷򣬾۵һ죬ֱƴ롣
ҲǸȫɫװĺˣҶϤĽ̵ˡ˴벢ֱϮҶ
Ҷ˵ֱ·Ľ̵˺̫࣬书ʽٺ֮ǰϵĽ̵˹һ·
ҶʳĽ̵ˡ
ûлشרҶ֣ͼҵҶ
ҶЩȷĽ̵ˣִԣȷʵĽ̵ķ
ҲȤץˣҲʲʲô
뵽㣬Ҷ̷ץסʱΪצֱϮҶšҶܵһз磬ǿץסɲˡ
Ҷ˰벽ͬʱϾںһδɣٴν֮ʱҶץסֲϺջص֡
ʱҶߣѵĵ˺ֱϵѨһ·ֱȡ˵ʺ˲ҶͼһֻȫͼֹҶҶҲһֵֻ¡
ҶռϷ壬˳Ϻ˵ʺһֻҲס˵ĴѨá
ѨҶȡǰ֮Ķס˵򢣬ЩһץҧƲĶɱ
ҶʣΪɱң
˱ס򢷢ֻкҶ֪˵κԼ̫Ҷ΢
ж˿˵ˣſڻЩѣ˵ɱ˭ɱ˭ɡ
˵Ҷо˶ͷȻʲôоЩҶæֻ֣˱Ҷֱֺӵأȫ鴤ºûϢ
ֿ͸
ĽҶ̹ȻܣѾϰĽ磬Ҷŷʬ壬ĵ鷳
ͬʱ뷿ӵһյ̨һյڻ谵Ҷȴˡ
⡣ҶʬһʲôҲû֡
湻ɾҶ̾Ҳûϣ⼸ѳʲôɴĴ뿪䡣
Ҷ뿪ջʱպѾˡ
ڿտžĽֵƾòɢҶݳǲ죬Ψһϵõ·ǽݳǵҪһ͹ˡ
̾˵˵Ƿ·̾ϼݡϷĳǳأ̾ϼңҲؽҽ
Ҷ̶̾ӵĽų̣׷ӦҪ˶ãҶԭǴװ̾ķֱĸƿջ˳뿴̾Ĵʲô⡣
ֻû뵽м仹Ľ̵˲֣̫٣Ҷ޷鴮ֻҪŽеˣ֪
˼ҶݳţҹȻǳŽգҶʹṦԽǽ
سǵʿǷͻȻһѲ١
һ󣬶Ա߲Զʿ˵ôоո˴߾
ʻʿܣǽֵľﻹˣоˣǽϾˣʲôܴԱ߾
ʿ̸ʱҶպ䵽ǽ⣬Ŵ·꣬Ҷ׼ݷ㼲۶ȥ
ոͷǶչٳţؽҽҩǰȴͥС
Ҷ̾ĵؽҽԿľǲ⡣ĳ̾ĶؽҽӣݣԼҶûأѹҩĹˡ
Ҷ·ϸԼװİһվ̾ǰ̾ĶһϵóܻĻ쵽ؽҽҩȺ˵Щʲô
ҩĵݵȥжˣ̾ҩҶա
µҶȺҩ̸Ҳҩģ
ҶʻǸ긾ˣźҶһأͬȴŵûо롣
긾ѺõΪҶ𣬡ˣǱˣ
ҶӦ䣬ԣģ˵ؽҽҽ飬ص
긾˵طûҶԣҪȥؽҽץҩĵط
Ҷװ˽⣬ץҩǷֿ𣿡
˻ش𣺡һҩһûؽҽһؽҽĻҽϲĵطڼ徻
Ҷ˳ʣؽҽģ
ָŽֵ֣ߵͷգߵ·ת߸߰˰ٲ͵ˡ
ҶĬĬλãŵȥ㣬ȻѾȴݣƽ˼񲻼ˣⶼ˼ſڣҪȥһġ
ʱ̾Ĵҩ̳ˣ滹һͣǡҶʶ
ǽһ£˳Ⱦ̾Ҳһǫǫº
Ҷ񿴼ɽıĮʮ˵ҽģΪܺɱ֣ЩʬҰЩðؽҽҲˡ
뵽ЩҶĴ󷢣ҪΪЩָֻǾºͽ񽭺Υͣôʥҽûˣֻɱˣʵã
̾ĸ񣬶ȥҶҹ۲һϡ
ĸŮסôҪߣ콭㲻ȥؽҽ
Ҷֲڳ˸һ£ʹҴҶߡ
Ҷ̾Ļң̾ļؽҽԶשߣԺоɫ£ˮīµľɫ̾ĵȫ
Ҷ̾ļгţܿ콫̾ĵļҹ˸飬˳˵Եġ
˳ԵģҶ㲻ȥլӣרļ̾ģ̾ĻԹƬ̺ȥ鷿һֱû
ֱϦû°ӣ˲үոձһ𡣡
ҶѡλǷ̾ĵĶֻ̬̾ĳĬ˻ʵɻˣ
˴𣺡ûʡ
̾Ƿʲô֪ˣԺ㵽
Ӧȥ̾鷿˼ų鷿ȥ
лҪ˵Ҷָһ㣬ϱóˣ


23 
ʹӱʱѾҹɫ΢Ҷŵͬʱ㣬к·Ҫҹ飿
ڽֵҹգһխĺͣ
̾ĴԸʹȥƿţǳйɵ¡
洫һϵϰ壿
̾Ĵ𣺡¡
춯ſˣ̾롣
Ҷ̾ïïǽڶĸ֣ȥǰҶԼϢⱻ˷֣ͬʱ룬Լ˼滹ߺţʧѽ
ҹ滹ܿˣҶ룬˼̸۵ĿܲǺ£
̾ĽȥȻ˵СլӣҶšլӺܴ󣬻԰֣ɽˮ£Ҷ֮У˸̾ĵĲ⣬ֳ룬ԺҲҪһլӡ
С̾һƬ˹ĳߣֵģҶƬżп϶㵹ӳųܱ߽⣬ǵ㣬ǹ⡣
ҶȴϾ͡
޽һͤͤϹɫᣣй⣬ǴȴڳһƬҶҲͤκζ
̾ıСͤڱҴȥһȥӰˡ
ƾȴް֮ҶͤһɽЩĽ
˵ͤľ㹻¾һֲܽɽŪȴֲܽ
ƽҶӣܻԼֺãԾͤ·͵һͬ̾ҪǼïï͵СЩοûŪ̾ĵͼʱݾߣƽЩţмƽϡ
Ҷ̾Ľȥˣδ˵ͤȷʵˣ˵ʲôȴԵȣȵ̾ĳȵͤ˳
뵽Ҷ㲻ٽ꣬ͤкʱ
ҹޱȣɲ԰׵ĹղŨصҹ
ҶźڳһƬͤͻȻֱͤϮļɽ
һǿͣ¼Ȼˣȱ衣
̶һڣҶһΡ
ǿҶ֮̾ʱ˲ƣ˸ղվλáһվĵط㱻ͤĶУд鲢ܱŷǱǿĲ豭
Ҷÿ죬ǱУҲУɢƬǿҵЩƬֱûɽʯϡ
˹̫ǿҶ񼴿̾û˵Ѩһʱ뵽ˣ̽̽ǵĵס
ͤ˼һδУ˴ͤųҶ̤ˮͤڣҶ˵ģһ׳˶ĺӣмǰףɫȣĿ׹⣬ɱʮ㡣
Ҷ˻̫Ϥʶֻܲ²ʮ£ʱ̤ˮвͣдṦ
תۼ˾ѵ˼ɽǰҲ໰Ҷļɽһȭȭ̫ǿҶ̤֮ض𶯣ͬʱоҪɽʯ
ɽʯ鿪ضᱻɽɽʯˣ֣ҶҲڣ֮
Ӱһ䣬һŭȣ֪СҲҴھ֡
䣬ϮҶ˾ӰθֿȭȭͷСǴȭʱҶܿĹ켣ȭһ˲ȴǣҶƾɢһȭԽһ⡣
סʱҶ룬ͤɳ豭ʱͬ̾Ĳȴ˵ھ֣
һЩϢ˺ܿ׷ҶȭտϵÿһȭֱϮҪûа㻨֮ˡ
ҶսֻҸ񵲣⹥ƣڶͤӽ
Ҷ뷴ˣ˼ҪͤﻹЩˣôʵʲô˵Ĺ
ͤǰҶҲٷأͻȻΣһẒ́ȭΪ磬ҶһֱأͻȻѸΪ˲Ϊܺ
ҶȺɨͷȸղһŸʢŻû˾͸оһ󾢷磬֪һŲӲ˳һɣõϢһ˲ٹ
Ҷ˱˺ȴٹƽһŷϮͤһٶ˸赲
գۼ䣬ҶѾͤ⣬з罫ͤᣴýͤŨصĺɫһЩҶ񿴼滹ĸӰ̫ڿòǰǱƳȥˡ
ҶֲᣣҪȴʲôǰըһŷĩС
ĩҹɫζʼҶ񲻲죬һں󣬱ĵ⾹һɫζ涾
ʶԼǰɢĶҶ񵱼ˣ͸еѷָ̧ȴԼġ
裬ͷۻ軨֫Щ࣬Ҷܿʶղǿڶ¡
ⶾðԵҶ룬ͬʱ֪ڲսĶǾ綾ͤû¶ļˣս棬ǿһһ̤ˮأָںлһˮĻ赲˹ƣûʹṦ䷭Ժǽ
ˮĻ£Ҷ׷ȴͤﴫе·ͷĪ׷ҵġ߾Ϊǿʹ¿ѾαץʬҲ鷳
Ϊ·ͷ˶˵ĻΪΣҲ׷תͤ𱸵Ҳı˸һ·Ҳ֪
̾Ǹˡ
ʱʼкҶȲˣ˵СҶ
̾˵Ҷ
ʣӺζ
̾˵֪ʱԼ˸կɡ
Ƭʣ߻кˣ
̾ĳʵش𣺡СޣһѮߡ
׷ʣѮ
̾Ŀ϶ǵģǸ۵ͷޱţҲѡӣƿջû뵽ȴӲҵҲԪ°²
ߡһδڵһ㲻ٿڡ
·ͷ׷ʣЩСر֮
أûУֻ뵽һЩ֮ˣҲգ
֮ͤһʱ޻
ҶֻѪӿɽ֮ƣԺӺоã֪Ҳ½ٶ볣죬֪Ƿ׷ֻǰһĶãת죬ڶѹơ
ϧղ˽֣ǿʹѾ߾СдҩֿܵһЩҩҩԣѾˡ
Ҷ񱻶ʴԴƤ縺ǧѣܱۣһտԶˣݾĿסĿס
뵽ҶͻȻһͣǽŲ˦˦ͷԼԴѹȻʼ򣬼̾ķ򣬼̾ļҵؽҽҩ̵ķҶ
Ҷݳʶ̾Ļʶ㣬Ŀǰ֪ؽҽλã֪ؽҽҩ̵ؽҽôߣ˳㻹ؽҽҩ˳ⶾҩ
ؽҽҩѾǴŽգҶƵԺǽ룬ҩ߷زϣҶҵԺɹĲҩʱҶԼҲһλҽϵһЩⶾҩٺҹ£ζⶾҩ֮Ҷٴηǽ˷λؽҽȥ
ؽҽţҽؽһ̶ִʮڽ˲֪˲õʿ硣
ؽҽĴޱȣׯϴͨĴҹؽҽŽա
Ҷֱӿ˵ǼС㣬뵽֮ǰؽ˽ӽŮĴţлͯԻܱҶ룬Լȥ㣬ֻø졣
Ҫֻܱܿ˵棬뵽书ǿͯҶԴ룬ӣҪαܿˣȥһأ
ؽҽƬ̣ٴڶѹƣҶһؽҽǽãڣûоؽҽ
ҶǽЪϢƬ̣ҹɫ۲ؽҽѲܣʱʱѲ߻Ҷڰһǣƾٶ뾭飬ɫץĩĻΣѸٵĻ˻·ӻѲߡ
ЩҶֻȫ˶ӰҪǿŲúڳأ˷֡ûгɳ⣬ʱ
Ҷǰ˾˸˵Ļ
˾˵治ȼȥ˵ǹȣɱˣ¶˿Ĳ޷ῴ͹κˡ
ҶС˾˵ѹ£Բκȴ˾ˣ˾˵ĻҶżвȴִУɽȴ˾˵Ļ֮Ժ󣬴Уʱִͤ鿴Ҳ䵽˾ء
ĿƻգԸоѪؿڷӿӻһֱԺڸѲߣеһľԺʱҶλˡ
⴦ԺſڣϽҲûиҶ̬ȣ뻨ʮа˾žסԺ
ҵԼҪȥĵطҶ۲ΣѲߵĶ飬ȥ˸ղ·Ժ
жԺܼ򵥣ΪԺǰпԺ⴦ԺӱȵصǴԺӻҪľһŵ˶ûҶҲǿ㣬ϰ߽ȥԺзкü顣
ҶߵǰӣȼȼƷܿ磬Ҷû罫ϵȫȼܣ
Ҷһ㣬ŻһȫɲŻų嵽󺰣ššŻˣ
һԺĻӦ죬һʱؽҽ˱ܶȫȻҶ˸ͰװȻ𣬵˼Ժӡ
黹Ժǰֻζһˣ˸պҶҲʶ̡
ֻǲ²⣬ҶͿԿ϶סԺһķ̸ʲôϧһѻ𣬰ԭؽҽŪ÷ڣӵĻ͵
ҶĿĲ˶Ժ˵ûţԻӳ̶ȡ
Ҷ񵱼ӵһϣȻɤӱĸ߿񣬸ˣС㱻ץˣ
һȻЧԭڹƵĵ̣һעȫŵϣƵҶǰ
Ҷ·ͷɤĵǵ¡
˶룬ʵС㱻˭ץˣ
Ҷ񣺡һˣץС㣬̫ܵ죬Ǳȥˡ
Ҷָһ
ѩɽй㱻˴Ƥ°ߵľ˿ԼԺڣ룬Ҷ˵ĵط׷ȥ
ȷԶȥҶжαװŵԺȥǣҪǼᶨһζطˡ
ҶǿôҲҪԭһֻʶ㣬кǿֱֻлܾ
Ҷ̤ԺӣؽҽľԺӸǾ֮ȥĵҶδԺмˡ
Ժֻһݣ˿ͨҶߵԽԽŵһ㣬ζ뻨ϵһ
ҶڵÿһʮּѣУ˷ǰÿҪʧֿ˿ţһᣬŲŻ򿪡
ſʱůке޳ͦεӰӡУҶ۾ЩģӰƻã˵Щʲôȴ
ֻˮ㡣
϶Ҷһ˿ǿ֮ĩǻӿʱѪڴӺӿһѪҶȫʧˤǰ
ʧȥʶǰҶЦŶԻ˵ּˣ


24 
Ҷ˸ΣʱģһɽҰУּ
ͻȻһХ쳹ɽ֣һźţʱּּ䱼ӴܣҶСͬʱ¶֪ԸղХ棬η˳ǰС
ȶ̣ŬǰҲû߶پ룬ǸеҶģԼ˹Ҷּ
ֻ׶Ĵϻ֫ýɣҲҶҶɻʲôʱҶ
Ҷ񣬵ϻ˲ڱʹ£ٵĶΣգҶתȥ
֮ѹɽ֣ҶƴܶҲδܰͻȻҶ͹һ£ʧȥƽһˤ档
屻Ӱ֣Ҷƻͷεľ޾󣬲ſݵ죬Ϯ
Ҷ͵ۣȫǺȻεʱ˾˰ɽѵĳʱ̡
βʵҶܿξл񣬷һŴϣĿһϮɫգתת㿴۷ɫᣣ˿ϸ񣬻ʱʱǼϤζ
ҶŻȻо綾޴ȥʱҵ˻㣬ǰʧȥʶ
ǡ
ҶԾ룬ôԵŮҵĹ󣬼ֻڻϲŵζڻĹ뷿
뵽Ҷʱ뻨Ȼ⣬ȻҲһӶ޹뷿˵Լֻǿɴ˷꣬ȴУ
ԼԺܹ
˾нŲҶͷֻɴ᣺첽Ų֮Щ١
㵽˴齱ߣҲŮоֹжȵǣƿᣣڿ۾ҶʱЩ
Щţˣ
ҶеĻ㲻ʣƻõĸоڣҶ;ûɣƸӶÿ
Ҷشʻ쿪ڷֺͷɬһʱ˵Ҷһźþòż³һ֣ˮ
ٿҶһۣתȥϷŵĲﵹ˱ˮ
Ҷۻ㶯˼ҲȫعʵǵϢ߾еĶû
ãһҶͷ֣޷Ϣ֮СһϢ֮ȫûˣˣҶ񻹷ֻҪһȫʹ
ҶֻܹеĶȻǶ뾭ڴ˵ĶҶҲǵһμڹķһɺѰز
ڹķʱҶ񻹱дҩԸ⹦ɣѰҩ˲Żڻôڲ¶ʱ̩Ȼ
ҶĻȽⶾҪ
Ų豭»ص齱ߣ𣿡
Ҷ˶壬֫Ȼ࣬ǿж˼ѵ㣬Ӧûǿģûжѵҡҡͷ
¶Ȼ˵ı飬СĽҶȻĸҶιˮ
źţҶȻȴ쳣㣬ܽҶ̧۾ܿϸ֬ƤԼרעιԼˮµĺɫ۽ޡ
Ҷ룬˺ÿˣ
ˮɤѾˣ㽫豭ڴͷϣʵôлؽġ߾
ҶҪôлĶŲݣһȴϣؽ߾
𣺡еĶС߾ǻؽƵŶҩ˶޽⣬ж߲ͻȫö
ҶգۣʾľȣⶾȷʵԵĶҩûܸ͵ڹķм
Ҷʸ࣬ؽǽϱ˳޵ҽΪλ˰ԵĶҩ
ʻƽ޾¶޵飬ؽҵҽֻ˱ɱεļ󡣡
ţ仰Ҷƭо綾ЩɥþȣҶ֪λش
ǻжܣ¶ȴδл˵Ҷǵһ
Ҷȣ㷴ʣţ
ҶֹһŹؽŮĴԣ֮ǰ뻨ӴʱԲɣоֹǱ˽Ƶģȫɡ
˵ʱԵɡ
Ҷᶨأ˵ʲôҶţΪʲô
Ҷڵ뻨ϴμر𣬺ܾöûôᶨվߣ˵ʲôҶţ겻ߵģõ
Щ翵ĴԣҲ⵱һԡ
ҹ˾²У⽫ôΨһˡ
ļȴһƽؽֹҵҵɱˡ
лҪ˵еæ
еС
ȡ´θ


25 
̴ȼɢΣµζŷн䡣
ҶѬеΣÿһһ´ȻҶỳɸղǻþ
֪ĸɱˣԵҶ벻͸۾Ż㣬˵ȥ
ڴ齱ߣҶӣֱͦɫȻ̬ȴʮǿ
̾һһιؽҽǰһҽõҩ̣ҩ̵ҵ⹫ǡ⹫ǵҽĽǰʦ˺ܶ࣬ȴֻӣһǻؽ
ؽҽ츳׿ܵ⹫һֱûؽӹԼ²ŮҲﻨκһֱ黳ҽвŮҲ⹫ˣҳ߶Դʶҵһ
ʶ֪ҲһѣһȣɾһԵûиĸ֮ûý֮ԣΨؼ֤˾ͻ⹫ȥһ飬֪⹫ѾжԵ⹫ӵźŭΪ棬ԴŮҲżҵķߵ֮ҵɽ֣ҡһңӣûͱؽͻȻôˡ
ؽŴ⹫جģ⹫ǰһֱϣܻؼҿ𣬹㲻ԹһʲôɢˡﵱʰҪؼҿҵȻͬ滨ؽã⹫λ⣬лؽµ塣
˵˴ʱսᣬӴ˾ͺڰ飬Ţ档
ֲԾսߺ޵ûŵָڷףͻȻһֱָֻȣһ㳱ʪ
ͷҶŲֱϣƵһ¡
ϰഥĻʶ֣ȴҶ˵Ҷһ¶ۣ𶯡
һͣջֵ˼ഥ˵⹫ȥؽƹãԸ԰ﵱ겻ϼһ¹ڻĽħһ͵Ϸ붾ɱҵǿȢ
ȫޣԶǵҵ޷˻ؽĶƣﾪʣؽε˵Ըҽ˫ǵ֮֮ӣĽʦȴѡһһеģɱҵЮв޸ﰮŨҺݾݵɱ˵вֱӰ¾
Ҷüĸװ޷ΪЭȻɾԼӻڳϣ˺˶ϣŮԳˣҲ̫ˡ
⻨ؽɱ㸸ףĸףһж֪ɻؽΪĻ㲢ƻŮ
Ҷ뵽컨˶û³ԼжǱӽһò⻨ؽԻĸãתĿŵŮϡ
Ҷз߷ߣΪ֪Ͼ綾Իؽ֣֮ټӻ㽲ҶȻʮؽͬʱԽ㡣
ڻֱϵֽ˽ΪգҶ֣ضԻŵҴ뿪ҪҲ㡣
ѹĵ׶˵еĺ䲻ȫ˵ؽαӵĿʵ첻١
ҶжŵԣĶݵͬʱְؽŮװʾ˵ĵļƻִ̬
ؽûɱʴȣΪЮִŵ˽ȥûŲΪ˷йк⣬һ߳жŮװϰŮӱصĵ£ڽɢǽһ˵ĴţһЩ洹Ϊ¡
ڼ仨й͵͵ϰ̹գȴؽߵСѾ߷֣ҩȥȫϰ䡣͵ѧҩ䶾ҩ뷴ɱؽҽҩôܵйؽ
ڱĥĺҹҲһ˶ˣһ˵ˣıɱծ˭ȥ֡
ٶʹٶʼܻؽİţٷľûؽɾ裬ûһĻᡣ
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Ҳл㣬ҽ£УҲǡ
С㣬С𣿹Ҹҩˡ
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Ӱ״ƿﵹһźɫҩ裬֮ǰصĽⶾҩ䲻ܽϵĶЩʹࡣ
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㣺á
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㣺㽻ֵ˵㴳ھ֣˳ʲôʹʲô书
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õ϶񣬡ǱԶھͷ·㣬뱱ïï󡣡
ҶԶھֵţųԭھ֡
ܱ̾ïï˱Զھ֣Զھͷͱïïϵ˳̾ģ·㣬ؽïï϶ҲС
Ҷл뵱ʱĸӰЩˣһ˭


26 
Ҷĳһ˭⣬ЩҹܻĿġ
ҶԽ˲ϤҲףЩľʢ˱˶Ŀֵ£ȻǺ¡
Ҷʻ㣺ʲôֵϷֵҹ֣˷ֻҪɱڡ
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˵֪νһȵҶӦẈ̂صڡ
̻ԺӣͯСģҶڻķᱻ֡
ؽҽǰȫ֮أؽɱ㣬ﲻף취ߡ
Ҷղ˵ģҲ׻ĴؽҽȷʵǾ֮ء
Ҷ룬һߣ
ҶᣬȴһعĻڻͷ
뿪£ǲڡ
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ǰƣҶȥ뷨ҽ˶ߡ
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ؽȻƻɣȴֹ̽Ϣܿ컨Ժһȥ
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ҶʹжԴҲܿᵽֻƬ˵ǮǸ
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㣺Ԩ鹬һĪԨ䲻ڽȴûж˸ȥǣ¥ǽ˵ľۼأïï˲óȻѲ¥¥ؽҽȫʱ㻹Ի̿бܿïï׷顣
㽫ĩ㽲ϸҶΪҲĿǰĿ֮ͷӦ
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С㣬ˣ
ٴαϣؽʹӣ㵱ߴҶ񣬡
ҶԷ»ҩܶˣ⣬жϿԴﵽ볣죬ڻָ£Ҷص˴¡
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ȷؽȥŽҶӴ³
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27 
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ֻҪ⿪ϵĶߡ


28 
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ҲϡҶ񿴵ʵģҸ¥̴ķĶʱڽһע⡣
뱻ڷòľϣ͸͸ͷȶ뻹Ҫ϶ָʽҲƣ°ڼм󷴲
ôһ̫Ҷɻ󣬴յýЩϸҲδ֮
󣡡֪ʱǸյҶԱߺһ۲롣
Ҷû޲¿ôǲڣй۲·ж˿֮ˣڵѾ˻ͨ˶첻
һҰյͬʱҶһ߽ӹͷҲ󡣡
ҡͷⲻӦã¥ÿһﶼܽг֣ǷƷΪͨ˵ʲôδ֪أ
ԣҶ룬ղֻһڿû뷨˵
Ҷ֪ȥ룬ôһʲôܣ
ۿָҪأ֪һ磬ֱҶȥ
ۿɾҪ嵽ҶϣҶ޲ʱͻȻָźһһ˴ֲڵĻˮƽȻҲҺīʦĻһ
㵸֮໹ĵҶֱϣҶʹջҪȥָ֣ջҶͿöϸղջֵĵطɹ
Ҷպջ֣˿գбŲ棬ǳϸȽù뻹Ҫأϸֲˡ
˭Ȼʹð
ҶͷǣһʱǴӴֱۣǡʱǵŮ
⻭Ҽֻģһ⻭ڷŻչ
ҶѰȥһױˣһѵƯŮˣŮ˳ϸȴ鶯ˣּǡôĽϣöһ۵ꡣ
Ҷ񿴹ۺۣҲһÿԶˣ
ĹŮȫסˣתЦӭȥݹþò
ݵŮӽЩҶ˵þòҲƽң֮еȴ顣
ЦԣݹĻ̫֮࣬ҵŲϺţƽղ߶š
ҡ֮ƹҶǽڣĿʲôҺ
˵ѾߵҶԱߣָܷܷǸܳ룬˵¥ĶܲòҪ˵Ҳñ˵ôĶ֪
˵ƹ̨ӣղյ·ϡ
Ҷ룬ղŵİģ
պ߳ɽЦ¥ѾźÿͷλȥϢɡ
ǷǳԵľ棬ǴڷﲻҪҿҴܡ
ǰҶ϶ҪʱͷҲûʲôͺĹҲû˵˳ӵĸϵķţҵԼסĿͷȥϢˡ
¥㣬һĴ⣬¥ȫǰ˵ĿͷҶ񱻰ڶ¥ķ߷ұǺĹ㡣
Ҷ˷䣬»Ľⶾҩ󣬵Ͼ޷Ҷ޷ֻû¾ڷתơ
תתҶ;ԣ¥´ãͰֻ˲٣ôƫƫǻطϢ
ǸݵŮˣ¥ʱԹŮ¥µģֻ½˵ʱŻ֣ô˵˻ʱˡ
ҶǸ룬ʱҪȥǸ룬ºŮ˻ǣı
ڴñͷʲô֮¥µڵһʱ棿


29 
ŴӿʱϸڣҶԽ벻Ѱ
ͬʱҲչͬǣöɹʱһԼֱ۲űԼˡ
ôôɣ
¥Уƺʮ磬ȴ̲̬ҲѰζҶܾ
ɫѾҶ˼ڼ˷ڽ¥ʱ˵˶¥ð磬ÿͶר˷䣬ͽʢ˵ŵſڼɡ
Ҷȡʱպţӹ˻ҶкҶΪͬѰ࿴˼ۣӲȡš
Ҷ򵥺Ѽصڣ¥׼ķʮַʢҶҺԵĺöˣҶƷζٳŵſڣЪˣҹʱȥÿһֻ롣
ٴʱҹ¹Ӵ϶սҶѺӴǰ͸¹⣬룬Ǹأ
ʧȥƾҶȥ磬ο¥ѾסٽʿҹжֵĻܻᱻΪ졣
Ҷȫֻõóһ֮ǰЯĽΪαװݲϣĴ浽ˡɻ㷿ﻨʱõģ뿪ʱ˳ִ˳˼άǻõģһ£ǻġ
ŮӵֻˣҶȻΪǻӦ⣬Ҫá
ҶῪţľȣ߿ʵľΧҶŲΧߣΧӵһ¥á
ӯҶ㣬¥ȥǳ룬ȫʧҶ޷֤ᱻ֣֣ȥΪڡ
Ҷ¥ʱӦöЪˣ¥ܿķϨȵĵҲȫˣΨһ¹͸˽
¹ʱҶ֣¥Ϊǻƣûйս⵽ô¹⣬ȫϨˡ
ֹ֣Ҷû룬ƾһã¹ĵط⣬ȻһƬ˵Ҳ¹䵽մȻֻ롣
Ҷ֪λɺϻǹΪ֮ûֱӹȥڳӺ۲롣
й£ҶȫƾĿҲܿ¹ȫ״¹¾Ȼ˱仯͸͸ĲʷӨӨ׹⣬âͣȥҲưǰª
ȻйŹ֣ı仯϶ҶĲ룬ĿתĶ룬ԼϾȻһЩ塣
弫СҶ񿴲壬ܷĪֵҶĺģ߽ʱԾһӰ
¹Ҷ񿴼Ӱһɫҹ£ȫֻ¶һ˫۾ҹͷ棬ҹ£ҶֱΪҪв֮¡
Ҷڿ˺Լصøֻ¶һֻ۾۲˶
ʩչṦ϶£ʱһӷƽأסκתܴһȦо˺ŽĿŵֻϡ
ȻҲ쳣ɨһȦĿֱֱ䵽ϣҶ񵨴󣬷ֱֲֻͬ롣
޳ý͵˷ľߣƺҲǶı仯죬۾һתתĿ롣
ʱһ羲ֹһ㣬֪˶ãҶžԣ˿붨һûٶ
¹ֱϣƫİ׹ӳú˵ӰЩ졣
ҶӰĲԾ벻ͨйԥҪҪǰ鿴ʱͻȻͷżʹġ
ͻҶͷԣǡʱһĨɫӰȻɫȹʽҶż¥ݹ
ӯûһŴǺ˵ǰѾڵʶĶʮ΢
ݿźˣ¶ϧֵ˺ϼѨʹĶֹͣˡ
ֽӵϷ𣬶ͬʱԴ˵Ķɲ㿴ģҲҼע㣬ȻĽ־߻ħ
˵ת̾Ϣվ̫ˣ
˵һ㣬ֱԾȥм¥Χһ¥ûټ
ҶʧĵطӺ¶ͷʱҶΪֻǻʹЩŮ֮ڼһƽʩչṦƲǷ֮
Ҷĵ׾ԼԺòȡˡ
˶ݵӡҶǺ˵ݣݵĻУ˶˵̬Ȳһ㣬ݿе˿϶¥ĪԨ
˻ʲôϵΪʲôֻǿʹ಻ѣݻ˵˾ͻ߻ħ
ʲô
ݴ˻ص¥Ϻû˶ҶӺ˼Ҳò𰸣ǲٶ룬ȥһ۲ˡ
ȥһ۵ҶǰԴӣ¥ûСƶ
СĵĶСʱ򴳻˾ˣҶû˱Ҷƶͬʱ룬˶ʱһҪúñһҪȰѻؽɸͷȻԼĶдùϣγҹ
ñ֮ҶߵľԣҶȵĿⲻϣǴӶ¹⣬¹ʱֱֱϣôҲƶ֣Ұ¥ʱչҲû
Ҷ̧ͷĿһ۾Ϳ¥ĶϾװ˼澵ӣ¹ֱȫ⼸澵ӡ
Ҷ֮ǰɻȫӭж⣬¹ֱյϣȫΪ֮Ҷ˳Ź⽫۾ƵϣɢŹ뿴ŲưǰªڹУҶϸֵ壬һƬмСͼ
ҶСͼһֺͼС͵ڹķһ


30 
ҶԤ뷶Χһʱ֪ηӦԾֱӽϸֵֺͼֱһ顣
Ҷ֣濪ʼĵطȷʵڹķһɵȴһġ
Ҷ뵽ηŻʿǰԭյ
Ĺ˵յϳڹķҲڹķѵǿ˵յ
Ϊʲôյϵڹķڹķһ
Ҷʼʱĳ书ȫ˾˽̵ģһһʽڹû֣ʹ˾ˣ˵书ʽ֣ΪľûС
˾ֻǵȻһ书ܼʱ־׸
⻰Ҷһֱǵãûô׾˾˵˼ʱףȥ˼µ⣬תͷȥˣѧڹķѵԨԴ
Ҷһ˼һ߽Ǿķ£ò˾ڹķǰͬſԻȥ˾ô¡
ǾķҶûʱ䣬Ҷȥ־ĵطһɫ¥㿴һۣղݴźȥټ
ǺƺҲǳģϳڹķҲûʲôΪֵ쳣ʹࣿ
ҶŲӱ¥룬óһۣϵ£Ǹӣ
ԼʱҶ·ķ䣬ͬһûһҹī
˵Ƕˣ״һ£ҶҲˣҶԽ϶
ǰҶͻȻִȵĻ棬չҡʱƺ֣»ӡ£ӡ

ҶΪλֶ죬˵ųǰʮֵľͽ
һ֮᲻ͬһأҶŻϢصֻһ֣ûò䣬ƾһҶ϶һ˵ݡ
¥ȺӢͣ
뵽Ҷ˷ϧ˷ܵ¥˲ٽ֣ϧжȫʧһս
ǿϧҶ̾ŻصڣΪ¥ڵ״̬Ҷûеȼ𣬽Ŵ¹صϡ
˯һҶڴȫû˯⡣
շתҶӴȻ𣬴ڴһԴͲĸֳϿڹķ
»ȥ˾ҶɻҲһڣӿڹķһ̣Ҷƫ¹·ν˾ۼĿ꣬յʵϵڹķ
ݺĹ˵ѧ˵Сڹһµɻ󣬹ѧĸ־㹻ˡ
ҶҲ⡣
ԺмµǾķԽҶıܵĿҶҲԥѭģȴӼµڹķϢ
ϢҶڹķԭ͵Ӧ͵֮ͬǰڡ
ں֮ҶϢٱѹƣȻת
֮ϲҶ߶ںϣڵҶȪϴǦȾһ˿ɽУ棬ң
ָоҶһʱʱ䣬ںϺѾǾպ
Ҷʱ֪ʱȥôãѧֹ治֪¡
ۺҶϲ֣֮ǰѹĶرˣԼĹֽһ㡣
͸һζţƾΪš
ھǰһж
ҶӴûüǣһ֡
ĻָҲζҶ˵ֻˡ
Ҷܸо涼ˣַǷ
ֵĻʹҶ̤ţſĵ̫΢ڳֵĻδ˵ע⡣
Ҷվűߣȥ¥˶վΧȥҶ۾ɨһȦֱ߸պϤӰһĹ㣬һ
Ҷ񻹲ǰ״ΪΣֱߵԡ
ʲôߣҶʡ
ϤĹͷҶ˶Ϊȡ
Ȼع񣬡ҶȻڣǰ㷿ŽҲҸֶΪ뿪¥ˡ
Ҷץס˼ؼʣʱ֪ʱţҶûţ
أգÿʳҲãǶΪѾ뿪ˡ
ȥգǷŻһա
Ҷ¥Ϊо綾ڴѰһ뿪֣û뵽ȴϵĶ߾ʹùһ¥
ָҶ˼ɣȴʣϿ̵ڹķȷʵͬһȻҲڶ̶̼վɡ
ΪԼڹķׯӵеѧһ£¥ôλεİѽ˶ŵô㣬ϻص¹⽫¶ڣ
ҶЩӵ䷳꣬벻𰸾ˣǰ߿Իȥ˾ˣߣҶĿ¥ɨɨֱȥ¥˾ͺˣ
עҶŰעŵÿ¥ۼϡ
ҶʣΪվ
أŻβչһЩѼչΧ߱Ծۣ۸ﵽ¥˾úʵļ۸ɳۣЩ˶ǵչġ
Ҷ¥˼ۣȻ㾺ۣ
̧ͷ˿̣ٽ˰Ĺ㶼һԴģԽչǣ
չһЦý˶Ȼյ
ҶԽϵɺ֪֮٣ȴ׽˵ص㣺˶
ҶЩĽ˶һȳ¼ׯۼʣһЩ󺰴С
ҡͨһЩƵĸҶܣָźĹߵ˵ߵǽɵͬţǸ곤Ļǽɵִ壬һǽνǳ뻯˫
ҶעĹߵ˴ȷʵĹƣ˵ʱѹõͣĹȻҲýȴ˵ʲôҶĿ⣬Ĺ㻹һЦ
ҶջĿ⣬ָ߼˵ǼɽɵģλӴɽϻѩ겻ɽ˪ʮƣƱ仯ˣһ־˸о磬ͷǵѩס
ҶֽĿ䵽˵ϣθߴǱϣҶϸ¥
˵ǸͷûǸͷ׿£׿ƹϷˮ䣬ʴиŽˮ
ҶƳƳ£ۣȻҲһ֮
˵ָָһ¥ͬλãмȫǰµŮӡ
˵ǼŮӳԽ鱨֯¥¥ֻҪۣκ鱨˴¥¥ģ¥һͷ۵
˵¥¥ʱ̾ʲôǳյ£ҶȴͬʱüͷԽ
ҶزסʣֱԲ䣺˵ֻһˣΪλЩָơ
ʻûκβҡЦΪҸպö֪ѽ


31 
ȻЦ˵ҶЩչֳӣҶԽ˵
뵽һҶץʸףȴ¥컨ꡣ޷䣬ΪӯһƬ䵽Ҷϡ
ҶŻ꣬Ⱥ˺ݹˣ
һæſˣһζҶҪʵĻ˻ȥ
һϮ´¥£ױݾģ;лΧ˱ߵǻ
ǰ˶ˣ˶ƯǲֿܵģԲ˶˫˷
ⳡǷ¥ı;
Ҷ¥˷ܵȺһĮЩûŮ
Ȼأվһ¥ãʱֻ¥Ļ¥ĳڣվڴ룬Ա߷һ˸ߵʵľľ
غ¥ķͻȻֹͣݶ״⣬ΧľתһȦȻ󿪿ڡ
λԶμӴ˴ηŻ¥֮Żٰأɸλ̧нʢٴлλ
˵ʱڳÿһ˶壬ֻǺ֮ڳǶӦһá
ݼǷŻһգЩĶ˲ûѣԭλҲҲЩƣֱӰѻף
˵˴Щ࣬Ϊ¥ųϢŻҪչյø·ʿãв׿ãɽɣǽŴɣвʦŵ̩ɽλǰһŮң
ݴݲȵĵһЩɺ˵֣Ҷղܹ˵ҶҲжţǽǰʮĸ֡
ɸղָǰʮλ֣ݵ˶¥ȥ¥ҶȥҲر֮
ĸλʱͿӵסЦݹﵱЩѹסЩˮСආˣ
Ҷŷ¥İ
ٶȿڣλܺΪׯׯյҼϣ
ʱ¥˽ӻΪݵŴţΪûׯڧ𣬲˶Ѱյʱׯյټ
һ̾еһԨԴΪԨԴнյķŻᡣ
ݵ̾ϢתƳ˲˵ĺģ׷ʣкԨԴ
ݵҼ˵ĸףҲԨ鹬ǰĪ뵱ʱׯ֮һɽׯĪ֮ׯǰϦɽׯյҼǰ˱ܡʱɽׯ˵뽫յΪУׯѷǰȫ֮أҼǰ˴Ϊܣׯ粨ƽϢû
Ҽǰ˽ɽׯΪ֪֪ǡǰյ󵱼ϺԨ鹬ɽׯҼǰԼׯ粨ƽϢƽϢ԰ݷԨ鹬ȡյ
ʱۣҼǰδȵãȴӸ·ŵϢҼǰ˲ϢɳԨ鹬ɫ̽̽顣̽ӻرϢʵҼǰ˱ʹ˺һ˺δϺա
˵Īʱݱ鱯ݣҼǰǰҼһҪյ黹ׯ
ڳ֮ݵĽһΪĪŵݣҲ壬˶֪ׯһڣι黹ׯ
ѾղŵҲҼ˵⣬Ҽ˿ҲδýηŻǰϦҼͻȻ뵽βŻ֮ų¥չյϢӢ۹ͬյĹ鴦
һһڳĽ˶·˼ǱΪյͬǷζſ뷨ӰյΪУ
˵뿪վõĵطӽĮ̇ϣֻŵľϣׯյ
˵յʱ϶ֳһŵı飬ĿеıʣʶĿģ˵Ϊյôô
˷ɣֱԨ鹬Ķ˻ȥ
ȫųյֻҶ
ԭֻҶѾ֤ʵյѧ
յ¥ԨԴѾˣׯ¼ҶҲ˿й˽⣬Ψһɻľǣ˾Ϊλյڹķ̸
ѵ˾ׯˣ
ҶһʶǾƹ˾ˣ֪ܣ
ҶǶ˵ׯһڣׯû˻𣿡
ҶһۣЦ˭֪أׯʢʱмٺˣҲлģ˽ɱ
ĻشǶǣǰҶ緭ˣѵ׷ʣ֪ׯڧԭ𣿡
ڧųĸģʱ˽ⱻԹ
ҡӣҵʱף֪Ĳȫ˵ׯĸׯ̲ׯ֣ڶ
Ҷ˵̫ģׯҲֹңΪܲܲ
ҵ¥˳յĹ鴦չۡ
һߵʱׯҶɽׯĹй飬ҲׯˣԼ̳ׯ
˹Ц˼Ԩ鹬ǰ˺ɽׯҲ֪˵ģĪҲʸ̳У˼һó
ĪԨҶ˵ÿŻĪԨԴԨ鹬֣¥ôãδ
ҶʣĪԨô¥ˣô
ĿĽϣڿأ
ҶĪԨҲЩ棬˵ȻĪԨҲ¥Ķʮֵ̩ɽӣʹң˭ĸλã
Ĵ򣬡Ȼ¥
ҶĿ¥ƾֱҳˡ
Ŀ䵽¥Ҷһϵ˵ǿʳȻߵ֮
Ȼϣӣ˳ǿ⣬޲Ϊ֮һ
ҶҲܵӰ죬ˣĿ⿴Դ׿õ¡
ˮ£ڳĽ˶ţһжҪյĹ鴦
һʱӦǶ´ǰҲĽʮʵСҪƴҪˮƽ
ž֮ʱ˷µ飬ׯµĲ䵽֣յҲӦΪֵĹ֮ͬ
ڵǽɵĳʱ塣
Ǿصǿڣ˵͸Ϊá
ʱɽѩ˵ֵĹ֮ͬǱأ֣ׯַΪϱɣϣĽ̳û𣬽ĽԽ֣Ŵɧɽɡ
ѩ˵ǴԹɽλڱߣĽ̳ͽɲؽڣɲΪͽ׺ݲбһ֧¹壬޹ɽɡ
ɽɵƫʽ΢ɲѩײֹһԹʿϱĽ̳ͷ˴ǰֱ˵ïïһԿḶ̌ȴյĵԵɺϵõյϵѧҲĽ̵ˡ
ѩ׵ķʱҲգ˵ΪֹȻƽǿϱֵ¸صǰյصĲƱ̻֣Ҳɶִһ
ʱĿǰõյõķǽλϱӴ߶ֺãǽɵʷûɣ书£סϱּлԲųһƽõյ£Դ˻ˮ㡣
ʱ彨飬ѩײмߣʮǰĹ˭صã˵Ҳͷʢïɽׯֵõĺ࣬˵ССܵʲôôƾµյҲķڷ
ִһʣиԵ̣˭ҲԸ·硣
ڴãǸ˵ĲһԣޱƷһʹӶĻ衣
²豭ǰͻȻһ磬һµǰ
ݣǣ
ѽϡ֮꣬ȴ̬׷ͯգݵµϷԸЩƿСˣ¥ǷŻֺյȥտڰ粻Ҫ˵ðڸ̨ʤ˵յĹ鴦
ζ˵ʤ¥ߣ׿ҲֽïɽׯĵڶڶθеĿڡ
ʱ廹˵ȴ¥ʦΪķɣǰʱ峤˵ķʱһΪƽ
Ҷڵˣֻ¥Χվݵӣ˶ǲ֮꣬Ⱦ
ҶȺ˵Ǹɽˮ
Ҷ˻ȻŶǽǰʮĸɽˮ
ԵͻȻЦֱҶԣЦôģ
Цû˵㡭㲻ãܡЦ𣿽ǰʮĸ֣˵˵ʤƽ
Ļ˵Ķ϶ҶȴʮĳҶΪȻ˵㣬һģȷʵǿΪ
ֻҪ㹻ǿ˵Ļ
ҶſΧľϵյѾյϵڹķɣԼ书Ҷоš
˵յﻹׯĲƸ֮ǰյûʲô뷨ҲȱǮկɴҲȥ̨յù棡


32 
ɽˮˮţס¥һˣټɽѩҲͬĽԶ
ҶѶҲŸͣҲͬԽ˵ĵʱʤÿ˶жȤ
Ҷ˵ʵ뷨϶ǰéĸֶԾӼΨһܳƵ϶ֵֻߣʮϣܺǰе˽֡
δ˵ĺĹ㣬ΪʦδɶԣҶôһ̲ס䣬һ˴ʲô֣
Ҷ˳ڻصҸˣ
⶯Ա˵Ŀ⣬Ҷɴαװʷӵףһ˺һ鲼̵ϣѵһֶԾһ˭ʤ϶ּˮ˺һ˴Ӳĸɽˮͬзݵʱ峤ϣƾµյȴĽŵԹѩš
ҶĹ۲˵ʣȴķʿüԣҶĿ⣬ίѵ˵
Ψһ֧ҶܽҶȻ⴦֧˶̯˼ͳչҶ⡣
ӷڲϣҶѹ
Ҷʣѹ˭
ѹδ֪ˡ
ĻĪ˿ͷ˸ϣ˴չעзŻδߵˣоԼյ֮
¥ô󣬺̯ܿʹ¥ϣҲŵ̬в˹ע
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ҶĪԨˣЦӭˣʵĻյó˵Ҫյ黹ׯɽׯһʵʴʲô⻹δ֪¥ȴΪΣ
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ҲϵĹ£̨أס̣ϢӲȫһֱδֵĽӣֽٺᱧһңֻһϮȥ
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˸ɽˮ
һ̣Ҷ̹ԣǶһЩƽ
ĪԨ˵ɽˮӳһ壬Ͱǿһˣ˵Ϻƽ
Ҷû˵ĵ׳ĪԨ˵öԣⳡԾһʼǲƽġ
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ҶʤɽˮĻ涼뵽ˣȴһ


33 
ڽֿ촥յһ̣һ֧ڴ϶˽Ӷ
˵ӣȴ㰵ֿɵõյ
ҶӰϮ򽭺ʱͲ׽ˣһöβ״ķڣӶڱ֡
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֪λãҶƲĪԨҶҲΪ˵û뵽ңҲ¡
ҶԣϽ𣿡
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ĪԨĽ˵Ҷ࿴˸ɽˮһۣѧô
ĪԨ˵϶Ϊֽ񽭺ֵܹĲ࣬ңһңʦбĮҲʹ˫ʩչӰӯ鶯ΪڵϿʼΪң䣬ξˮΣ֮˼Ǵģдңĳƺšң߽רܲƽ£ϳͷķ񡣡
ҶԱĪԨߵĽܣīǰ߶࣬ƺң
ĪԨչҡ̸ϣЩ֮ꡣ
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ĪԨ𣺡ЩԨԴ
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װҶ˿ϤУͬʱҲɻ󵽣⴩˴磬˵ңǸŮѽ
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Ӽң˵ٶȿڣңҾŮ֮Ϯ֮²ƽϣҲҪյʤҲҪ¡
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ĪԨ˵˵öԣȷʵʣҲΪѵġ
ҶĪԨƺ飬׷ʣΪΣ
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ĪԨ˵֮䣬λϢ̫ҶĪԨ˵ϴ˸תȻ뵽⿪Ķľ֣ĪԨҪѹδ֪֮ˡ
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34 
յסڳˣҶĪԨĴҲֹĪԨԼţô᣿
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ҶҲŵ𾪣Ȼյ
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ĪԨૣ˵öԣԸУԾȪ֮µĸףҲϡ
ĪԨ˵žҪԱУݷӦʱŵ£ĪԨȻʧأܿƵȫ鴤
ҶñȽϽ󾪣Ҫ߻ħˡ
Ҷ˵ֿĵĪԨ˯Ѩ
ĪԨ˯ȥݷߵ̩ɽǰ˵λǰʵڱǸĽ˭Ҳûϵյѻ٣Ҳдλλȥлˡ
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ݱֻ໹Լְ𣬡Ͷλǰ
ӿ˿յƬֿ˿ڵϵĪԨؾأչ˺ˡ
˵̩ɽԱԼ٣¥ſڣִ˺Ͷ˳¥
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ĪԨӹҸ˵ҾʶңָͶԵķϣҿԸŪµʼĩҪ¾⴫
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ҶӹƱĪԨӦҪ࣬Ҷԭģ˸õİѶĻĪԨֻ˵õ֡
ĪԨҲȰջƱʲôʱߡ
Ҷ񣺡ϣҪȥҵˡ
ĪԨ̫ŵĿҶ񣺡㣬ˣ
ĪԨɵҶҺҵͶϣѾҵ˻ǽһĴˣ
ĪԨЦˣ֪Ľһǲܺ˻ģҶû˵ʲô
ҶǮҲû£̾ߣǮҲˣͲ߶ˣˡ
ĪԨšһӦˣҶתȥҶҪ̤һ̣ĪԨס
ĪԨ˵ҶСֵܣΪ´ᣬһ£Ǹˣҵˣӭ´棡
лҪ˵ĪԨСҶͬ־·ϵһյƣ


35 
Ҷͳ¥ġ
ǰݰҶһ˵Һ㣿
ҶӶĪԨǾˡ
ǰԼȻĪԨ˵ˣȻĪԨ˾ȻǸˣ
һɲҶԴ뷨ֱ̤¥ˡﳤ˵ûƱãѲ⣡
Ҳ˼ʶҶ뵽ܵĸݣҶǰĴĳӡ
¥̫ԶҶ˳·͹ȥˣ·Ҷг˰šȥȡȻٷؽҽѻؽ¶ˣٰͤмˣʲô±ʳٰߡ
ҶţʱֱӴȥ˾ˣʮ˺þˣǸóװկҪŮˡ
δƻҶȡ˽ӳӳʱҶſŶҴµˣڵʵҶ񿴲ò
Ҷ̧ͷ죬Ƭû꣬⴩Щ
Ҷ񱳺ý࿴˴µۣȻֵϵ
Ҷͣ任λãµ˼ˣܻȥ
Ҷע˶룬ȻйԼ˼ݡ
ҶûмӿٶȱܿˣᵽǱ̾׹ģҶڻûŪףջָ书ò˸ϣҶΪɺϡ
ֱߵĽֵСҶֱӹ˽ȥµ˼Ҳȥ
Ƴ˸ӰҶЦϣƽ
תҶѾСʪŷҶĿһɨʹṦǽ϶ȥ
µ˸ҶС˿Сʱͣ½ŲǸ˽ģ۾ˣ
˶һ̧ۣͷϿȥͺͺǽʲôҲûУĬٶӣ׼˵ЩʲôʱҶӺ洫
λ𣿡
ɲǣžҲ֮ȫķںϣҶһٶȸǿ磬޷׽
µſһգҶ񲢲⣬УнƣƵôµ˲ͣˡ
˴һ־·磬ҶƵýڽںˣֱ˵С·
һ·ˣż϶¶Ҷȥͬʱ˵СӸҸﶯ֣׵ˣ
Ҷһ㶣Ͻ˹ƶһ
ժ¶ҵǸŮˣƿջеĶ֮һ
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Ů˽зڼרҶʳǳҶҶʲôҪӦ
ҶЩɻ󲻶ôҰҶʶˣҶҶ֣
ϤϤ̬Ҷȷǰȷʵÿڶòʱޱ˼ķ衣
ˣҶһĸղżƣޱί˵ҷҪ㶯֣⽭ʵ̫նˣ۸ңûǮƭңƭһҪɱңǻ¶ҵӹÿɿˡ
ҶίͬʱſǻȻһᶼһĸղ״̬̬
Ƕ㣬ⲻȼܵ÷ɿ죬Ǹ׼̲ûã㿴㶼ݣ÷ۣ
οҶˣûǮԵĲˣΪǮһƭˡ
Ҷһң÷Ｘᣬ˾Ͳһʹޡ
ŷһ˿ⳡʱһֹҶԼΪ˵ôң
Ҷֹͣ˵ƫͷȥһˣӦҲǹˣҲڵʵҶһʱò׼˭
ֱ¶ңҶŽ
ǼдС
Ҷ֪ڳϣǵﲻɵĵطҸطúģ˳Сͽͨô¡
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ȷԼҶĿ䵽ϣһ֪˷ͨ˵ֵؽ£ɱߵʿλʿԶнɱƾͷɻǧ
Ҷʣʲôʱɱˣ
֮Ҷڻ㷿̶Ի˵ˣֵͨ
ͨ£ûɹȻ˸Ҫء
лҪ˵ڱȽæ²̫ȶ
ȻڣһŬ


36 
ͨΪζҶ˴ţֽеͨӹ⻭ȻͬʱֲƽԼֵǧ
ⲻԼۣ
ҶԼͨȷʵ˵ĵأλӣ˸¥顣
Ҷ˵˸ɻ˵ʱ˶ȻģҶ˵̾ĵίУܾ綾ɥʱ
ͷȻ¶Ǿû˼ǵõɵЩ𣿡
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Ҷȣкͷﵹʮƽпƽǹȥ£ʦ֣ؽͷĹ¶ԵʻᱻʦãʦԼգ
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ʦòһŮӣƴȫȥȡԸ˭ҲǿˣʦòԸ벻֮˽ΪҰҳߡ
ʦһ𳤴ҽΪãǰҰ޷ֻܾû뵽Ұʦӻңȴ˻еĶħΪʦӻ鱳϶Ƕ裬ʦӻǰףͬʱΪʦŮ޷ŵʦӻ顣
ĵΪнϦദͬ¾ҽ츳⣬ԶƳĶҩǧٹ֣ܲ飬ЮŽƳĶҩͶ˵ķУóҺҵʦ⡣
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ҶУиղŵĽΪʦûţҶŻ˵Ĺĸ£Ҷ˼˻Ὣ˵Ĺĸ£ʵתС
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Ҷ˵ҿĹ뷿ŮΪأҪȢģοһо֮ҽȳȻҪһ鴦
Ҷһᶨֿ÷пС񳤴ˣ
е˶ͬһĿ꣬һķҲ£˺ϼζԸؽ
˵ǹǱҽҩΪľǸ֮ʱԱ֮ʩ
Ҷ˵֮ǰǰѻؽһ٣ԼԼв֮ڡ
˵ͬС˵ֱǧ֮ˣֻǶҲ̫ˣҪ֪Ǹ߱ʦɱֵα֮ͽ
˵˲¥ҸεĵطûؽѣΪĶи۵ˡ
ҵطʱ˱ආΪͨϵǧҶɽˣͬʱ鷳̾Ϣؽһȥһʲôͨ


37 
ҹݳžΨƾǱߵ̻ͨ
ҶдУ֬ˮ۵ζƮֵɴҡҷĹſˡ
ҶδЩطʱʱм˰Ҷͷͣ߶ӣӡ
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֮ǰҶ˵ʦõŮţΨŹ£޸пꡣ
ҶԹɫгĬҲˣת˻⣬˵ҪѰѰæʲôѻס̻֮أ
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УϿķͣߴ٣㣬ĥĥֶ߲ͷ
Ҷжһ۸ȥ֪ǹ̵ﲻá
˴ƾƹȥ˺һСխƫŴͣ£Сֻмֻֽ΢Ĺ⣬ֿš
Ҷע˿ŵַƽ˲ͬһ£Ȼ£ظκſˡ
һƵŴ̽ͷǣ˵źܾöûˡ
ǰ棬ҶӻͳһǰһΣ˵½ȥ
óĶһ󹧾𵽣Ը
ִӻóһֽݸţҪֽϵһ紫ݡ
˵ֽʱҶףлؽ״
Žӹֽţɹأ֪ˡ
ǷشҲתˡ
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Ҷûбܻ䣬ֱӴóһƣ¥¥ˣ뿪¥ʱ͸ù黹ΪһЩûܻɣû뵽컹ˡ
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Ҷ񱾾Ҫȥһ㣬ֻǱˣ⣬ûؾֱˡ
￴ҶѾԶȥıӰбԹϱ
вĸ̾ǰοӴԼ뷨ôģƶˣ
ﲻƽԼųģܲģ˻ؽ»бïïȻҰСͨϣǳıӵˡ
иųǸ⣬ȥ
˵򵥣Ѿֶӱïïͨϣ·׷ɱˣŰ졣
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ҶԷǽؽҽѾ·ˣȥסСԺҲϤ
ҹɫסԺʱ֣СԺˣ˵̣˰˸ǿ׳ĺӡ
ҶϴλΪ˰ߣõĿӦҶΣΪôԼûɵС
ҶصĽ䣬ѰŲ˾ͿǱ뻨㷿İ취ǡʱһŮһҩ˻ķš
ҩζŨҵĿζҶϤǻÿ춼Ҫȵҩ֮ǰҶΪ岻Ҫҩ壬׿˵ǻؽҩ
Ȼô˵ˣҩ϶ʲôö
˼仨㿪˷ţӳŻӰͬףҩŮ㲻һԡؽнҩŮῴҩŻȥѾϰߵĻûκα飬ҩҪһȴ֪һеҩ򷭡
ǵĲĿ㿴ҩƬܿ췴Ӧֻˣȥһɣ
ŮҲǲ໰ˣʰƬĬĬ£㿴Ůȥҩ¾Իᴫؽ
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ҶǳŴ򷭻ҩע⣬ݶģɣٶҲ죬ȫ˲ҶΪЩŹ֣뻨Ǳ˶Ŀ˻˵͵顣
Ҷ˼յûߵʱ򣬻˻㶾ˣ
Ҷɫ󣬲жʱǰ԰
šҶصЩԵպðѶˣЩԺϸ˵λҪߵġ
仰ҶֹһζԻ˵ҲǻϣģԻҲŤƴǣаմ𣿡
ҶţȻڴ֮ǰһҪ͸ؽһݴ񣬲Ҫϡ
δΣ̸Ҳ࣬ݶ֪ȴĪǰˡ
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Ҷ뻨ĵһ迪ʼҶͷϺȲˣζʲôĶҪҪǵǸˣˮĿ
˲ˮҶõ㣬֪˻и˵ĹڻؽУ˵Ҫ¶ؽеļƻ
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ֽ֪дݵˣؽзΪ࣬һȫţΪǶԻؽһʾʮǰͻȻڳ϶ǿѨ硣һʾҾͿ̬
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Ҳûȫ˼˵ɣʣֽϵû֤ݣʱؽʸڷô졣
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ͬ飺ǻҽֵĵλҲ޿ɱ⣬б֣Ҳŷ
׳֦ͷţԼȲ裬ЩŲţïïҪĿЩؽҽ⴦Ϸܳȥ
˲֪ôģҪȥïɽׯ뱱ïï֤ѸжƽԼﷱæıïïڿдؽ״ֽûԥͬȥ˳ïɽׯǰؽҽֽ֤Ƿȷ¡


38 
ؽҽ䴦Уȴͥ
ȷؽеֽ״ݽʱеؽҽſڡ
ؽҽңҽá
Թ޸лȴҲԼڽ䣬й۲ؽҽĶ
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ˣ뵽ȥȻƵһؽҽ
Ϊλ׷ߣɫ󣬲ڹ˵ĶУ˿·硣
мƬ΢㶣¾Ȼ˱ïï
ⲻ赲鷢չĹ켣ֱӽпؽҽţڶ࣬ŷֻűïïȥ˵⣬ʣ˲ɣǾ֤ؽҽֱſֿ
пŻȺУݳòֵ׵ķһѺ룬֮дﶼ⡣
ſҪؽҽ̫ŷ赲ˣؽҽµֻý˷Žȥٵá
ؽ鷿ȼõѬ㣬ǰų״ֽţȴ޶ãеƷŲ衣
񹧾ڻؽǰʦӻᾡҥԵɢߣʦףҥǧС
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÷ԸλĻؽ˽ʱؽֽ˼
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ڻؽΪԼʱٴν鷿˵ʦѾֿˣЩ˷Ҫȥ˵λԳʦֵˣʹɱͬŵ顣
ʦ֣ؽԭϳɶܱΪʦֵľֻһˣԼ£
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ʱؽҲ˵Ѫ̱ϣж
Żؽ״һƽɱؽɵ£ʥҽɱ˻ؽǽҽһˣؽӵеһжģƸԼһˣ
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ҶڻؽҽԺ硣
Ҷ˰صĺԺʵȥǰ濴𣿡
˳Ļ²ͣŰɣ
Ҷҵ㣬˵ǵļƻ˵Ҳ򵥣ټһЩؽҽΪܺߵкͻ㵱ָ֤ؽ
ÿУΪֻ֤ǲģҶһϼƴȥؽƶҩҿǷ֤ݡ
ΪŲܳɹҪ߻㣬ҶؽҽҲٿֱӽԼһɻ˺˳˻סСԺ
·Ҷ˵ؽиרƶҩңҳûܽȥ㻳滹лؽܡ
Ҷʵ̫ЩƣȥңҾˡ
ֻһûҵؽηɱϢ


39 
ϢʱҶͻ㶼𾪼ˣ
Ϣ͵Ϣʱҩҡ
ؽҽҩרŻֵһƬԺӣɳĶǻؽͽͽΪؽƶҩΪ˷ȡģӦҩ
Ǳҩֱȥ˻ؽҩҡ
һҶŵһҩĻζüͷֱ塣
̫ˣҶԹ
˷价һȦ˳οҶ񣺡һ̡
ҶĻһ̡Ϊתע⣬Ҷӡ
ⷿ俪ŽȥһŸʽҩģ߹ҩıһźľбīֽ⻹һЩ鼮ҶˣЩҽ顣
Ӻ濿ǽĲ֣һܣ鼮
Ҷܣ뵽ϴҹչԺ⻨ؽͦģԺ飬Ҳš
ڷѰҿеĻأҶôһ˵עŵϡ
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Ҷߵԣ˱飬ϵֽаٲͼҶַ˷һЩֲ
Ҷ˻鶼¾û˼ͰŻȥˣǻ߶
ҶȥҪʲô𣿡
˵뻨ؽҾ֮󡣡
ҶʣΪʲô
ʱʱóЩ飬ȥؽռ˺ܶҽ飬䰮õĶ鷿ĶԺר˴鶼ЩҩͼһԶĴҩ鶼Щ鼮˵ȥҪЩڸʲô
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ҵʱҶʣΪһҪҵؽңôȥˣؽɱ˵֤ݣ
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ĻҶܿ뵽ÿ춼Ҫȵҩǵõһμʱҩ
ҶԼĴģûеһۿѩɽϰ£뵽˵лؽƵĶҩΨҵؽҲнⶾϣҶҲ
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˼ȫڻؽ˵ϢϣŻؽô׵ȥϢƽҴ뾡ȥȷϢǷʵ
Ҷסʱ򣬻ɫѵЩͷʲô£
Ҷû䶯߻ǰµûؽҾ
Ҷ˵ϵıʼܣʼǹ̶˵һҶְ˰ûӦ϶ҶĲ롣
ҶżڻĲֽʼܸģȻת
ֻꡱһǴʲôأתȿɹһͨİš
ҶƬϲȻ
ƶʱѴű߻ؽϢԵȻȷϣҾǰҲһˡ
˶ԿһۣĬǰŴȥڿСʱҶ»㡣
Ҷ˵ǰ棬Եһ¡
û̻شҶÿΪʱеξͶһ֣ھ͸Լж
һſڻûͼҶֻСţȥҶ£ѽúڣû
ѾǿαҶ㣬ⲻҶִⲻĿڣҲȥˡ
ҶҪӣңҵһֻ̨̨Ž˰š
źһֱµ̨ף̨ȥʱҶվǰһ
СĽݶһůĹ⣬Ҳ̨ĻӳŸͣҶͻȻЦӯӯĳ廨˸
⶯ֱֻϷˣɶ·ŵҶϲΥ͡
ҶҲ˷ʱ䣬˳Ž£߱˵Ҹһҵܡ
Ҷ˽٣ĲأҶ˵ҲʣҶ˵𣬻㻹Ըһʲôܣ
ҶһҲʲôܣƽʱʵһ˵ʱеºڡ
ҹķ䣬⻰˵ĺΪһ㶼ûвҶ񣬷˳ĻȥΪʲôºڣ
ҶʼίԹҪԹҾ˾ˣСʱ򾭳ҹСûнһֱҹţԵģҾžͼӡ
ҶԹʱ򣬾ܰԼƣû
Ҷ߿࣬ȴ룬ֲ书͸Ī⣬ԭǱģͬʱ˾˳ʲô̬þ书ȴ档
Щͬʱ㻹οԹˣ㲻ˣҸŻ𡣡
ŴҶϲ˵ûװϧ
˵䣬Ѿ˽ݵľͷ΢һʯ͵ʯԳΡ
Ҷã΢ܿʯҵĳ裬ʯҺҩһ붼ҩĺҩߣƹЩʯﻹһϰҲһһӣŸƿƿ޹ޡ
̨ʯı͵ƣȷûлغ󣬻ȼյ
ʯһղŻʵһҶĿʯҵߡ
ʯߵǽϹһ޴񻭣һͤŮӣüĿЦڻо崺磬ử֮ˡ
ҶŻЩͬʱ浽ΪʲôĻ񣿡


40 
㿴Ҳͬ𾪣ܿ췴Ӧصⲻң
㳤аŮװôҲ˻ɡ
˵ĸףҶ뵽ؽԻĸ׵˼Уؽ֮ԻЩݵ£ȫΪĸ׵İãޡ
Ҷ˵̫Լ˽ȴҪ԰֮˵ʵЦ
ǽϵĻԻɳڽǽϻĸ׺󣬻ŻĦһڻ½ǿһС֡
Сֻм֣дǣ֮
֮̶ƺ˵꣬ȴûŭϳΪαװԱΪ˵Уȫ⼸ֶ
̫󣬻оѪӿͬʱǰһŻһѪ
ҶϵһŻѪһ±ĵ߷סôˣ
ҶеûӷŭлôȥˣѧƽԸ˵վԼĪƽ
ŻһѪΪоԼ֫ٺ΢Сʹ֪ǻؽԼϵĶʼˡ
Ҷֱȥ㴽߲Ѫ»ŻһѪ
Сӣοû£Ϣᡣ
ΨһľǰӣҶ񽫻ȥ
ºоϵʹӾЩ֪תĿŵļϡ
ϼܷĴƿҶҲ˳ŻĿ⿴ӣЩǻؽƵĶҩ𣿡
ҶʵͬʱҲ˼ǰЩƿ룬ÿһŵɫͬа׵ģƵģģڵġ
ĿҲ棬ֻ͵͵˵ؽиרƶҩңʲôҲ֪Ҳ̫
ҶһɫƿصߣƿҲûעҽҩеѣͨҽϳЩ
㿴ŴƿЩǻؽƵĶԣ״򿪲ãþͨҽϲߣͷʾͬ⡣
ֽۣʼϱīֽһȱмֽʳ¾ɵҽ飬ͻؽһЩʼǡ
һһ󣬽кá
Ҷ񲻶ΪʵǸ
𣺡ؽȻĳҽȴ٣ЩżҽѰŻá
Ҷͷ˻ΪԼûҲϷ
ѾϣҶ룬ֽҲһЩҽ飬Ҷóݸ㣬ЩҪ𣿡
㿴鼮ϵдƧ֣ӦҲǻؽģͷ˵ϰɡ
óҲգûҶ׼ϳ룬ǰʱҶû̫⣬ƶʱ㱾ﲻԾ
ҶƵһĵտҲʲôҲûС
⶯ע⣬ôˣ
Ҷƶų룬֪ͻȻòԾ
Ҷ˵ְǰƻȥĳš
Ҷж쳣Щɻ붼գûʲôע⡣
ɻ󣬵û˵ֻǾҶƳ룬ſͻȻҲʲô
ȱ𶯡ֹҶ
Ҷ˵㿴ﲻԾҾǾòԣҲûҳԵĵط
Ȳԡ˵ţָΪߣ˳ȡ
˲ŷֵ뾹ȻҪǰǳһָɳⲿĳߴȴһġ
ĶԿһۣмв㡣
뵽Ҷڳײƣ˿ûж
˵лأ
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ľܱҶûʹͰ˲µûȷʵмв㣬вһĴָš
ƿв㿴ţҶҲȫ˳ŵϡ
ŷûֻ֡
һŵؽΪҪЩŲѵм˵ܣ
ҶҲһ⣬ֲ߲˵ǲֱӿˡ
˵ҶѾóֽ򿪣ֽϵּԾɼ֮鷨
Ҳûֻֽж̶̼䣬ԵɺѰɽׯٷ˵ıܽػƼÿɧҡ
ҶЩͷԣÿʶȴЩͷԣ˸ؽдţ˵ñܽػɧҡ
ΪʲôҪɧң
üһ뷨Ժи֣δŷ⣬Ҷһеſˡ
һſ꣬ǲ̫˽⽭µҶҲ׹ؽЩһıùֶֻңȻû繮һͳ֡
Ҷ껹Щף⻨ؽȻǸòȻαӣڽ磬ΪλҪֶȥһͳ֣
ĬƬ̲Żأ˵ֹģҪǮƣǮƾҪȨ˵Ұǻ͵ġ
ҶԴƶǶ
㻹ڼ˵ؽڽǵҽʵɱʦ⻹ɹƵ¡
ƣҶʡ
˵Ӧ֪еһ˵ĳƺš
Ҷ˵ԣöòĴԣÿˣҲر뿴һۡ
˵֪ǻؽǮġ
Ҷ֪⻰Ǻ˼
˵Ǯ˲ͣ˵ؽĶŮ˹ɫµһ˵ĳƺţöˣȻҲˡ
ҶȻµһ˵žȻôģ̲ס˵ȷʵÿѽ
ǻ˵ԻᷭҶ˷ݰݣԸĸȥû׽֮ˣôΨ֮ʱ˵棬Ѿɵܵܿ
Ѿͷ͸ɴѹòŵг
˵ҲӦҵ¡
һ˵£Ҷ˵ĹڻĴţ˵нΪԶ˫ۣʦΪԴ˫ĿԸΪȫҵ
˵ЩҶ𣬴֮ȴ࣬ȫ˴Ϊҵò֮ȫ˻ؽõ塣
Զ˫۵ĽͣʵԶϣǻؽŵֻҪȡü֮ϵĻú컨㽫ؽҽΪױˣǰΣķ˼ļ֮ϣ󽣿Ͷ˫ûƷҩú컨ɻؽ˻ú컨ȴϡ
֮ؽ編ƣΪŵΪ¡
˵ЩʱɫڵƣɫҲ԰Ҷʱ׹֮ǰ˵Ļؽ£ԭ˵ľ
ؽҲţһ˼ƣҶ˿㣬뵽ǻؽƲϣҲӲ
뵽ҶʣؽɲЩ˴𣿡
ЦҪܴľһ汾Ĵţʱ򷻼ĲʵǡǶ˵һ
ҶգۣԸؽĶԲʱҲ˵ƵĻ
ÿ֪һؽɹ£ҶͶԻؽ˷ݶģд뻨ؽıһͳֵҶҲ
ŰϵţҶͻȻжײܻᡣ
Ҷʻ㣺˵жײЩˣǷ뻨ؽˡ


41 
ҶỹãһԽԽô¡
ܻͤļˣݵõ֤ʵлؽ·̾ġ
Ҷ˵ͤӰؽ·̾ģ̾ĳǰǱïïԼжïïͨһеһǱïï
ҶԼ̾Լ̫ʱϵĻɫԽ԰ףϻϸ
ķҶ̽Ķͷϣеʣ㲻𣿡
ƴϸļҶͱһȾҶüͷ壬ڳأΪλô䣿
һѪɫ֮ǰǿѪʼÿһϵʹһ֣ڸ۵Ĵ̹ǡ
ˣ㻹򶨵ĶҶ˵ǻؽµĶˣⶾģж߶ʱоǧֻڿʳѪ⣬ܡ
һ˵Ҷ׹ÿȵҩ
˵ÿȵҩܻڶصҩÿһڵĶͻһ㡣
˵⣬ҶͨΪλ᲻ҩֲòȡŻƺʹǿ̵ģҶ۲ѣŻ˵һؽҲΪԼѰýҩҶĿڼϡ
ôƿƿ޹ޣҶǲܷģ
ҶԻһ̣ȥⶾ
ʶʣ˭
Ҷ˵⹫һͽܡ
ǰһڣȥ
Ҷ۵촽˻Ҫǿֱ̣ӵ˯Ѩ˯ȥٸһЩʹ
ʧȥʶҶ񽫻˸ƣ뿪ңҪȥҽҩ¿һһ
ҶҩѾһˣҲãõİԾΣա
Ҷ֮ǰУԼõǰǰֿʹŻѳؽĿƣڴָͥϻؽС
б䣬ҶϢǻؽɱҶδؽɴӲͬ˵ҶΪؽˣɱҲɱ
ܶ鱧ʣվҲģҶλȥؽҽĵط
ҶһԺ䣬Ժ佨÷ű£ֻΧŵȺƻݱ¡
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ӵĲ鷿Ҷ񿴵һӣʶĽԱߣ滹˺üеС
֮ﻹиߣɫµĶڿϣ߶ŵҪҵ
Ҷ񲦿ȺǰʦʦѾȥˣǰֶǹҪʲôҵȵӶᾡʦ˼Ϊ
ߣһΪʦΪôʦʱ򰲲أµЩ£ʮΰ˴ζϧҪҲԣǾؽҽ
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ΨҶïïʱפĿϲϮʱ˵һģһ
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׳ڣһӣҲΪ˿֣Ҷʱᵽ
Ҷû֪¥𣿡
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ĵ׷ĸпҶ˵ǻؽɸ˵ܡ
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ҶͲϲ˵ǻëСҶ͸ΪҲǻëСկҶǲǺָ𣬻ڳĸλһ۱֪١
кͷһֱڵҶŻöһָؽе֤ôֻһҶһڻһš
Щͷ۵̫ѨҶСʱ˾鲻٣ôȡȥôӵ
ͷ۹ͷۣлǷǳϵȻˣǾȥҽؽʲôеǽ¶
б˵ߵҶǰֻ߽˲ʣôֻһˣ˵õĲһ
Ҷ˵˵⣬жġ
У㻹˶ȥ
ҶͣҲȷʵ˻ؽɹ֤ݾֻϵش»ͱïïйء
˳ïïһۣҶߵĶʲô£
Ҷиߣǰ·ͬʱСïïͻؽıֻңûȻһͳϱ֡
ؽҽ˶붼ֵģ˶ˣҲȥҲ͸ŶˣںĽҲ֪ؽʲôܣҲȥˡ
ûκ;ȣмҰĻС
Ҷʱ֮ǰʹ⣺ïïѾˣΪλ㡣
ڸ̾С̫ͬʱ˵ֻ֮ͳһôұïïɲʲô˾ӣ
ΪΣҶʡ
ïïïɽׯʮǰïɽׯֻһòֵСɣнյλǷֶζȡׯĲƸнյλ
˵⻰һͷĸˣҶĿһϳ衣


42 
˵ĹڱïïĹҶѾᾪˣѾ׷ǲܿ棬ҴŲȫš
˵Ҷ˵ҩ⣬ҶҪŶ룬ȴؽҽĵס
ؽҽ˵ʦҩ˲ý롣
Ҷ񲻷ؽҽӻ˶ȺοҲûӷʦѾˣȥʦʰ˳㿴ɹʲô
Ҷ˵һƿһֻûֱƿҩš
Ӧۣһۿؽܣſ֮һͨҩ
ʣ˵Ļؽɹ˵Ĺ֤
Ҷֻ߽ҩ𼱣ǿġ
ҶʱкͷԼҶСҵȻ򿪻ؽңȥⶾ趢ïï˵ע⡣
֪ҶеʦõŮҲֻΪлδ˾ʹ˴Ȱ̬
мᶨһ¡
˵Ҷҵͨ
ͨؽҽӾǾ죬ʦҩȻң֪𣿡
Ҳ֪ʦ֪𣿡
еĽһԲɫһԲȻ֪ң֪˶ҩ˻ؽ
һֱһûؽԼĶ£˺ܾòŵȵᣬԭΪؽȴû뵽ؽ׵رԼɱ
ŻؽһлؽƵĶҩᱻУֻû뵽ᱻһҵ
֪Լóؽҽ˵ļֹǽңվûΪеʱɫͳ˺þòŻأҲ֪
ҶͨԼͷȥˣУ֮һֱδ˵ıïïȺ˾УҲƴǸ˽ȥ
Ϊһϵƣïï֪ؽЩµģⲻӰ뻨ؽĺ˭ȥ¡
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Ե湫֤ʱûʹӦˣ·һ뱱ïï;һ˿ԾΪʲôô궼£ôͻȻô̱ˣ
ǻؽûɾ˻ڣͨһıïï·Ѿһ룬òӲͷƤǰ֤ȷ䣬ֽؽǧ֮ܰı±¶
籱ïïϣؽʦֳ˵ؽУôҲû뵽ǰؽ˶ˣչȻϣȴԼҪģֻǡ
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Ҷͻ͵ƻδȼҶһҾͿ˯ѨĻѾ˵ϣҶ״ٹȥ뱧
㱻˯Ѩ϶ʹʶͲ壬Ҷȥסʱ˾ȥһ㡣
ҶһȥһЩ΢㶣̾Ϣؽ
̾оԼְжҶ˵㽫ƽ
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пҶ룺㱧Ӱ󡣡
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ҶҪܡ
ִóؽŶԸ˵˵ĻؽɵλԼһһ
ҶʱתǽĿϣҶֻй㣬˹ïïʱ⡣
Ȼ²ⱱïï뻨ؽᣬվûֱ֤ݣȷïïͲһˣҶǵ
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Ҷ˻һҶ񽻹֣֪ǳóȻֻ֣˵óһֽ˵ʦţһαأ
˵һֱҶԶķ˵Ҹղ˱ؽעǣּɡ
˵潫һ׵ҶϣҶӵּȷʵһ
һ飬Ҷǰۿ
˿ŻЩʱ䣬󲻽ƿڴؽˣ˸ǺдǸ˽һǰȻҲſڴ
û뵽ؽˡ
ѽɱʿɻҡ
Ȼûģһͳ֡
˶񶾵ļƻҲó
Ⱥ﷢ۣؽҽǰˣȻĿ޳
Ⱥߺ˷ʣ뻨ؽ˭
˴𣺡˭ð˼ƻִеˣֶֻ
ԣ
ȺУïï˳ǣ뻨ؽûּ任һʱδ¶
ȺҶСһ㣬ڴһϤ
˵ټؽҽôһ˶ûУԭ
ǵע⣬˶ſڿȥ
ֻſվһ»Ӣӣֳȣһɷ
λǣ˷ʡ
ΪҾĪԨһؽҽλա
ĪԨһȺȻ
ʣԨ鹬ĪԨ
ĪԨҡӣ¡
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ĪԨӣҶǱȥ˵֣Ҳţˡ
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ҶڻĪԨڴϴܵĳǱҪҲĪԨ˼ȥʶģýģֻĪԨ
ïïҶ˶ɴָϱïï֣Ǳïïĵ̣û㹻֤ݺױïïҧһڣҪһͬվߡ
ĪԨþˡ


43 
ĪԨĳþۼһ
ڳĻʿԨ鹬ʿ¥ߵ˳Ѳ˶࿴ۡ
ҶŵݸĪԨĪԨֽӹ㷭ۡ
ʵĪԨҶ˵ֲǺܸȤʱ仹죬飬֮ԻΪҶˡ
ĪԨִԨ鹬Щ꣬䲻ڽٻǶԽ˽⣬Ҷδţֹ˵ãڽлûţ书·ҲԵ˿أΪǵĪԨѵƲ¥
ҶϣΪ˸ͬʱʲݷŵĪԨĪЩһߣؽòȻ˰йȺͬΪݡ
ĪԨƤ̧󣬡ԣؽΪҽ֮˹Ϊݣ
ҶĪԨʾĪԨ㣬ڽ¶һı̫ˡ
ϧĪԨҶûĬĪԨҶʾ⡣
Ҷ˲˰ˣǺĪԨ̬ȣλˣڻؽ߸һҲ뻨ؽı˭
˻һڳʿ˷׷׸͡
ؽ˻ţǱ
ԣܷŹ
ҶȳǷ֪뻨ؽı˭
ʳص㣬һֱѡ񽵵ʹڸеıïï̧۶סҶ
ҶֿʼвõԤУڽóؽźïïд󺧣뻨ؽïïдʱ޼˻ؽ˵õĺ󼴷٣Ȼ
ïïĿҶƵҵļϣïïǵûؽ˵ҷŵĶƵĶҩ˿·ڳһܻ
Ǹо˱ïïĿ⣬ҶҲïïȥĿֱηλ̨˵û֪뻨ؽ˭պҲڳ
һ˵ĿⶼҶϣм˼ϸĻ˳ҶĿƵ˱ïïϡ
񾭴ֱʳ˭
Ⱥ˳ĿƵïïϣҶջĿ⣬ʱ֮˲կɽţկڱǧɽϣǰʱϷһ̾ĵɽһݣկﷱæûչ£̾ѲֻôӦ
Ҷ˵ɽʱĴʱҪͽ䣬ҪŪԷǮͦæģ
һ·̾ĵݣ·ҵ֪̾дĽΪɧԭ֣Ľ̷׷ɱԲһ͡һ·ҲĽ̵׷ɱɵݵؽ磬ȴ⵽˲Ľ˵İɱⰵɱ÷̾ΪҶĿͷڡ
ҷ˼Ѱɱžԣܱ̾в̽Ľ̵£Ϊ̾ȴһͣɱò׵ΪŪʼĩһ·׷ݳǣҵ̾ĵסײһܻᡣ
Ҷ˵ʱ̬չ˴룬׷ʣأ
Ҷ񵽣ܻˣ̾⣬лؽԶھͷ·㣬Լֵïï
һһ˵ĿⶼïïĪԨĿ˹ȥ
Ҷڼֵ¾ǻؽд֮£ݰɱҵˣӦΪǱǱߵˣһֲֵ֮һϱֶϷ룬úǵ⡣
һɺԣ˵Ŀ£ïï
ȻЩҶ˵ð˾ŲʮɱĿҲ࣬ɱïï޾巴ûоԵ֤ݣԼȲҡ
ĪԨïïֿҶһ׼ϷģͬʱҶ˵е˼ˣ
Ҷïï˵˵ҺԾе˼ˣҸ̾ײܻᱻʶƣ·㽻֣ؽ¶㻹ҵͨ˵ҿɱ⣬ǷѾ˼ңΪҿ˲ÿġ
Ҷ˵Ⱥ˸ͣ˵죬ȷʵͨϼ񡣡
˽ӻȺеĴǳĬģïïΪô꣬һֱľͻȻָ֤˲š
ïïһӹͷںԣҷͨΪкͬû뵽һͨƲòңڿ˵뻨ؽ֤ݣҪ˵ּʱּҲα졣
ҶïïԴǷ˿飬ǵñïïҪԼǲҥˡïï˵öԣԼղһԴǸԼһЩƶϳģҪ֤ݣϳ˻ؽԼܻᡣ
ΪǴܻᱱïïΪ˳Ҷ񣬵һҸһĪеïïôв׷ߡؽźԼɱؼӳ£ö꾭Ӫ
ԸïïȻûô򵥡
ڳĶïïη̬ס˶Աïïɵ̬
վڱïï߷ʣ˵£¹شоԵ֤ݣ
Ҷ˲ʵˣֻ̧̧Ƥ뱱ïïӣһ뱱ïï潻档ïïǽڶĸ֣ҶҪдһҶȴм֡
ҶȻֻܵҲһЩɵ
Ҷ˵ïïϸģ°ѱƣҪ˲֪ǼĪΪһж۵ףĸλ¥
Ҷ˵ʱȺһۣһ²ؼģĪԨ˹
˵ǽһ鱨֪֯κ£ֻҪۣʮ˴Ϣܸڳ
Ҷͷ˵¥ڽеҶ˵²ţպλ¥ܵȺֵ˱ˣպЩ֤ݣλҪ𣿡
Ҷ˵ˣȺȻ¥֤ݣԭվ˱ïï޹˿ʼҡ
ҶƫͷվԶķ˵óɣ
Ҷ¥ʱһ㵻㱣ҶΪλô˵ɵҶ˵óʱȻƽʱ̫ˣȻڴ֮ͥ¸ڿӡ
ﲻߵҶԱߣʣӣʲô֤ݡ
Ҷգգۻأӣ˭ȳס
̵һ䣬̻⣬ˣ¥󻤷֮һ飬Ҷае鱱ïïղҶ˵ҵȫǺϣı˳̾ģؽ·֮⣬ˡ
˵˵ʱҧرأҶʱصҶ˵ûˣ뱱ïï·㣬ؽ֮ıĿ϶Ƿ֮˵̽ïï
Ҷһֱűïïľٶ˵ʱïïɫ΢
ץסһ䶯Ҷֱ˵Ҫó֤ݲŻϣض˵ֱӰ֤óɣ
Ҷ˵꣬Ƶİ
ڷһɲǣ͸оһɱӭշӦҪ㱻һƿȻͿҶ˱ïïһơ
Խӣйǿһɾ磬ýЩֻۣҶǸʲô˵֤ݾôס
ïïҶҪ֤ʱҶϳ֤ϲԵ֤ݣȻʱ˵пġ
ïïײܻͷͨлؽһ¶ֱţҶ²ⱱïïӦǸסˣ¥̼ïï
ȻïïûסԼȶˡ
ïïһʮҪľһҶ˵ʲô⣬ͷŮ˲ͬ˵з顣
֪¥зֻһһƿ¥鱨ʮǰΪ֪鱨̫౻׷ɱд˵ʮǰɱЩûڽûû뵽Ȼصָˡ
Լ¶Ҳνֻ·Ů˵˭ïï˼ˣԥɱ֡
ֻû뵽ʮһƣ˵¡
񽭺뱱ïïе˲࣬ïïһδɣһ֣֮ǰӪȫȻïï֪Լû·ˣڳģԼ
ïïƴسľͷͬʱһǿͷϮؽŵƿƿ޹ϡ


44 
ڻ£Ҷ֪ؽڼϵƿ޶ǻؽԼƵĶҩ
Ҷؽ֮ĶԣԵïï֣תӺñïïˣȻΪ¼¶ѡͬھ
뷨ĵγɵ˲䣬ҶӦֱתڱïïƷ
ƷʵľײһǿɢɢܵľΪǿй˴벻Уһصʹ
Ҷرľͬʱ⻨ǱߵĶ
Ϊʩ룬㻹ڻУ֫չǰ۵龰ҶЩ΢ģרĶԸïïʱƳһľͷֱ㷽
ľƶٶȼ죬Ҷ񿴼ʱ뻨ֻߣľУҶѾо綾Ļܲ
ϹȥѾҶͷűµм㽫ڽ£мϮľ顣
ľ뻨㲻ʱҶ߳мıľķбԱߵĵϡ
жҷºģר־ĸʩ룬ʹڻľ󣬷Ҳߣ̬
ȷʱûΣգҶת±ïïɵĿѰһȦﻹбïïӰӡ
ڳ˶ǱؽУǾ֣һЩֵƽв˻δӸղŵĳлԼϾ˼˵ⱱïïټ
ҶհĿȫϾϡ
ҶĪԨïïأ
ĪԨľ𿪵мҶʲͣжջصˡ
Ҷʣ㲻ס
ĪԨʣΪҪס
Ҷ񣺡кͬ˷ĿɱΪݣò𣿡
ĪԨһȻɣԨ鹬£û
Ҷʼ˼ԼΪʲôҪ˽ĪԨ֤֤ûؼʱ̻֡
Թ鱧ԹҶԴûͣЪʼ˼ïïȥ
ïïͻؽıЩֻһͳһֵĿģԲ߼˻ΪֻˣǾһͳ֡
бïïΪԼָʱ̬ȵתΪ豨䣬һˣ˵˵Ҫó֤ݡΪ֤ݻûóǰïïɱ֣ʧܺȴδսԼѡ
һϵΪ߼ԣҲ˵ͨïï¼¶»⵽ȫֵַΪֹСЩƹ˺ܻܿѰ𣬶ǸǺıˣпܻᱣŻһɺѡ
Ҷ룬֪ïï¼˻ң¼ûҪĵһ¾ǻؼʰ꾭Ӫһд·
뵽һ㣬Ҷץһʣ֪ïïס
ͻȻץסЩ񣬷Ӧ˻ᣬųٶ۵֪֪
Ҷ˵ȥ
˿Ҷ񣬾ܽҴïïǵıͺ˲𣬶˾ȻҲû룬ͷʹӦˡ
֮αïïӵˣҾ鷳ˣҶ˴·Ҳû˾̤˳ҵ·
ڵ£ڣͨ죬ҶߵͨһʱͨˣͬʱŵһЩζ
һɲõԤӿҶͷ
ҶӿŲȥٶȿûһ͵ڴֻǱóűýգûһ˿͸ڵ¶ȱͨڵ¶Ҫߡ
Ҷͨ￪ŵĻأֱƻˡ
ҪҶ·ҲԣҺŵһɽζ
˶ų˵ڳ˵ҶҶû˵Ļ̽̽ŵ¶ȣȻ˵˺󡣡
뵽Ҷ֮ǰ֣Ժˡ
˺ҶҲ˵ֱƣȫһϡ
ҶԴ¥ںյϵѾɲ⣬ȫһǲС
ҶһϣýЩܵڲһƺϳƣҶ̧һűƿ˶ϵš
һһӭɺĻҩ
ԭҶ·˼˻ƣ˼˭ŵĻ𡣡
Ҷ˵˱ïï˭
˵ǣǸô죿
Ҷųƣ¶ƤѾ𿾵÷ۣؽڵ£ͨܵͨȫʯ̳ɣؽҽȫ꣬Ҳղ£ïïѻֻʱסǣʱԱïï˵Ӧùˡ
ҶĻԭЩֻŵˣô죿
Ҷת˻ƣȻȥ֪õʱһѷܳ
˵ͷҶߡ
û߻ңҶﴫģ衣
Ҷ˵ǹ߿Ҫʲô
һǰˣǿ뿴ʦ޴󰭡
һͣԣȻʦ´վʦʦȥʦ⸱ӣǹġ
֮У˶ݡ
ȴΪ⸱ʦͽӺòˣûʹ⻨Ը⵱ʦ𣿡
ʼ˵ǰǺ⣿ʦʦŮȻʦãɵԸԸ⣿
ɲǻؽŮ
⻰һȫȻ
һʱҶպóſڡ
ûֹ˵㲻ǻؽŮĻֻҪ˳ȥؽͱïïЩͻ᲻ֶߣؽŮֻ׸˵㻹޼˻ؽϢųȥԸ⿴ġ
һע⵽ҶĪԨҶһ⣬㲻Ҫȥץïïôˣ
Ҷ˵ïïŻҩˣҪȥֻܵȡ
汻ˣ׼ȥʡ
Ҷͷղ̫Ҳȥֻܵȡ
ָ䣬ʩ뻨㣬ͻȻӵ


45 
Ķڱïï뿪󣬻õϢ
һ֮ڲҽǶˣֵҲǺˣʵ߸֪Ƿǳþ
ʵʵ˭Ҳı䲻ˡ
ͻȻЩǻþ˻ع֮ǰȥ㱻µؽҽҲĶ
ҶӦ죬ڻʱƲԡ
ϻ룬ʱ˫ۣȴûн࣬նƽǰɫɲ԰ףû
㣿״̬ԣҶ̽ԵĽһ
ҶûûκηӦ
ҶУô¡
ɫأһԡ
еıȷĸҶ񣬻״ܲá
Ҷ׷ʣȴͻȻüŴҶ״ָ˳˳ָշŵ㱳ϣͼٴŻһѪ
Ѫɫڣһж
ѪٴһߣҶֿס§ڻٴѯУô¡
гصıһĨɫȻʵһҪ𣿡
Ҷûһԥȹҡ
ееĶжţģ˶ʱǧϿʳ壬Ҫٷ΢ֶͬҩֹסĶԽ࣬´ηԽѾǶ裬Ҳֻʱá
е˵ټ֮Ůοȴ뻹δüһ׷ˣҪһ롣
İҽʲôãȵһҲȲ
ҶСʱиͷȣѾʶиģ˶˵ҽãڱ˳ҽõ˵˻ã
Ҷ˿ĻţСûͬ飬Ҫ˾ҪѧϲĶΨһĿ־ǹĻ
ӻпӵһȢһһİ£ӵͬҶʼ²롣
Ҫÿһ޶֣ԸҪݣ˾𣬻ĳҶ԰µл룬οƵ¾Ϊı·
̸ݶҲûر
˼תҶδûа취ˣ
гĬ
֪תİ취
ҶͷҶ̧ͷ֪ʱߵߡ
˴ӽҺͺ޴ڣȴ˵а취
ʲô취Ҷʡ
Ҷһ߰ƾʲô㣬ֻҪ֪а취˽ҾС
֪ÿҪҩҩͻȫʹ̣ҩֻ֪ҪŻȥҵ̱ɡȻЩֻһֲ֪ðˡ
Ҷ˵ֲҷƾʲôҰ˽㡣
񣺡ƾʦ֡
ǣؽҽˣʦȥ˻ͬ⡣ڽԵؽҽӸ͡
һʱսš
ΪҶӰиصؽǸҶͷﻹĪԨˣ˾Ҳ˵
ʱִ̾˵ջˮûﻹûиղ¥˵ˣ⻨㲻ǻؽŮѵ
߸ֲ²ⶼУҶǱڽ˵ûתʱҶǲŵġ
ҶһֱԽûøУʱʱпˡ
˵İ취Ƿõҩ
еý΢΢񣬵ûشе⡣
ûػвļ˵ʡʡɣҩǽ֢״֢ڣΪ
˵ͷмҶǳվǲ̣˵ʵһ취
ҶЩʣʲô취
˵˴Ϸȥиɽĵطɽи壬мഫʥŽٶĹЧ
ҶҰܵҪŻȥǸĵطѰҽҩ


46 
Ҷ§ŻҪߣȴס⺢꣬˵ƴ㹦ν⺢жҲ𺣣
һϯҶ뷨ա
ҶҲڷ˼Լ̫嶯˵ɽʲôطûʾߣԼ׼ͬ
ҶͷŻĻ㣬ΪѪɫҰף΢˿̵ĻƵľһͻ
ģҶ룬ƯˣӦñƴ¥Ⱦһ˿Σ
ҶᶨĶеҪȥɽҩⶾ
֮ǰ滨ͺ΢꾭ǿΪҲ˶á봫˵ʥҲֻŲ˾סĵطҪ֣Ѱңе˲롣
ΪҶ񳤴ˣʮֲԸҶվͬʱҲϣʦʦõĺܴ
ìཻҶᶨĻ֪ξ˽Ҷ⺢俴¶ֻҪ£ζ
гƬ˵ɽҪ˹Ѳ⣬ȥСġ⺢΢ǳȥһһЩҩʹ·סһ·ɽӦû⡣
Ҷͷʾ֪ˡ
һֱӲԱߵĽٶȿڣʦؽҽˣҪߣҲʹǵ
ҶѻһᣬԸǰѻؽؽҽȻؽҽ
ڲ㶯֣ǰùԶ㡣ҶԽ񷢳档
ǼʶҶֵģ뻨ؽĴֲֵ̽·ˣԼǶ֣ҲԸʹò
νʱһֱϾĪԨⲽ˵Щеûģ̶Ʈˡ
ĪԨѣ˷׷׿ڴơ
Ҷֻ˵ղû˵ƮҼ˲ˣٽ˴
Ҷź΢Ļ㣬ĵﲻܾڳȥͨﵽƺԻҲѺá
˼ôʱͿĪԨҡ֪̾ˣֺοһˡ
ҶУĪ
ĪԨҶ񣬡£
Ҷ񣺡鷳ĪΪȷ磬Ҫȥ
ĪԨҶ˵ͽ㱧˼Լȿͨð˴ȥ
ΪеԨ鹬ĪԨʹˣ£ܰ
ʵ֤ܣ
ĪԨִȣ̺Ʒųɷ磬ɢͨеĪԨǰҶںţܿڡ
Ѿؽҽ𣬻δ͸巺Ũ̡
ĪԨҶδĵط
ллˡҶԼҪòˡ
лΪһ˿·ҵҡĪԨ˵ţĿ䵽ϡ
ع㡣
ĪԨ͵Ŀ⣬Ҷĺһѻ˴˼ҵģ
ȨĪԨЦЦˣ
Ҳ̳
ĪԨʱת⣬Щ˳ïïͻؽɹڽһмƲʱԻڼĽʿַïï
ҶֻȥҾҩïïȫûϣïïô޹أҪ֮Ҹл
Ҷ˵ͽһֱкͷĪԨҪؽҽ
ʱǣﾯˡ
Խ˵СӣؽؽҽģĪҪ¶ˡ
ﻰﾯζ̫ŨڷԱ䣬ûκؽҽ
뿪ʱ￴ĪԨۣ˵ʲôջŤͷˡ
ע⵽һٶ£
˵֪Ԩ鹬ü˶ֽ£µλ⣬¥Ϊһֻ¥߼̳Ϊλϣ
˵Ȼβ
˵Ҳ¥£Ȩ֡
Ҷ˻ȥǰסµĿջҶ˵ɽĴŷλ˵һЩϰףΪҩ衣
ǻؽҶҶŻǰȥܵ
ԭкҶȥɽԼչ˻㡣
ҶŻлʱʱüĻ㣬ֵɽ·;ңԶһһķʱҴѰҩΪⶾҲհѶҩĥ
ҶΪ룬ипСǳˣٿڴϵĻ㣬⺢Ҳ;ⶣܶȹ٣СҲʧΪһˡ
ԭƻ·ȥɽмȴ˱ʣյ飬Ҷľ˾ˣǹȵ˲սϵݡ
֪ϢҶ񲢲֣Ҿ˾ΪҪ
˵֮ǰ˵ïïͨΪ¶˾ǹģʮδǹȣοϳΪ㡣
ҶƲƲδ˵˾Ψһˣƽ֮ҶܸоġˣҶʱ˾µĺ׳һҵ
ڴҵδɣҶŻҹݣֻ˵岻ܵ飬µ˾ˣԼѰҩɡ
һ̣ҡͷ̾ϢҾ˵ƽնС̫˰ɣŪС񶼲һҲԸȡ
еĹעﲻ̫һСԻ֣ܿһҲܶȣ
˵СˣǸ˵£ҿ⻨ͦõģȹСģҲĿΡ
Ŵ˵֮ǰһֱصǺӵеĶϣʱ˵󡣡
˵ˣ˷һۣССֻһŮˣҲѹŮ֡
ﻹ˵˵Ϣ𾪣ǴеĽһˣҲŮװŮû㲻˰ɣ
ûκβʣֻº˵Ӧ飬´μʱǡ
ïïؽҽԺû뻨ؽǵĺı±𴩣ǰѻղˣȴΪЩʱ䣬Ϣ˱αҪЩʱ䡣
Щʱ㹻ԼͼתƣֻǶľӪʱʼղʡïïصïɽׯĸż˳ߺ󣬶鷿Щķ⡣
ԭïɽׯǸ۵СɣϿľӪɫֻܹׯ֮һɽׯ²ܴ
ֻǵһתׯڧЩֶ̲ɽׯ󲿷ֲҵɽׯַѰðֳķϰ֮书нճɾ͡
һж˹̣ʣںޣŭڱïïͷѻ
ïïվ᲻ǰһУٳٲԸ뿪ïɽׯڼı·Űݷãïï˵Եɺ·֪¶ؼתơ
ïɽׯ󲿷˶Ѿ룬ïï춼鷿鷿޵ĸղأÿһղضԼĹ¡
鷿ƫǽϳеǰڵĽߣĽˣ֮ʯ죬ǽĽ˳ƺҡϧ˵䣬Ҳɳδʡ
ïïǰö⽣ïï룬վҲǺ⽣һôޣȴֻȻճ
ïïЩ㱣һطĿŽиӰڽǰ
ïïĳæ֤ԼĻþɵĿⲻĻþȷʵվڽǰꡣ
һƺ£ͦΣòʣĿڽ׷䡣˾վʲôҲûñïïͽȻ̩ɽѹ
˾ո׷֮ˣҽԭˣһڽˣɽׯ½֮
ïïˣվ𣬡㡭㲻𣿡
½֮Ŀһֱڽϣ䣬ⶼûʩïïԱïï⣬ĨȥȥʱȻˣڲʱػꡣ
ïï⵽½֮ǰ滰˼ϴԵ½֮ŵģ棬ïï½֮˵ĻػǺ⡣
˼ʱ򣬱ïïһֻ½ְ֮γγҽ⽣δʣ⿴Ѿ޹⣬ɳʺ󣬽â¶ֻγһɺ⡣
½֮ŽɫĶռô꣬ûˡ
½֮䣬ïï͸оһǿҵɱ⣬ɱӸλˣܾûָо
ïïǿſ½֮ʣʲô⽣ҿûʲô
ïï½֮֮ľ룬½֮ͻȻԼη
ûзĻᣬ½֮ڹҽǽߣգۼ䣬½֮Ѿǰ»صҽϷɭ亮⣬µڶĸ֣½֮ǰ˿ûл֮
½֮˵˼ҵĲƲռˣͲǱ˵Ķˣ


47 
ӽԼ𣬱ïï֪Լеϣ½֮еĶïï˼Ϊ½֮˵ӦׯĲƲ
ƸĺïïûԥֱӻأҲޣҪֵĶһǣֻҪһ·
ïïʶʱ½֮˹ǣõŵ½֮սʣâţɱţïïҲԴϢ
ȷԼǷӹһʱ֣ҽѾһǽϣ鷿ڳ֮ˡ
ȥ١
ڱïïΪղŷһжǻþʱŻɤĶ䣬罫㵱ռǮ۳һȡ
䣬ïïͷð亹ΪģֻǣïïֻһоǿʵǰûоܾȨ
ֻǱïïôҲ벻ͨĵ书ѾǰéΪ½֮ǰȴм֮ڽʧʮ꣬ΪƫƫڴʱҪǮƣ
¶֦ҶϣʵĹ⣬Դ֤Լڵĺۼֻǻû˷ֱ㱻䵽
ҶûԼϣüĵһֱ˯Ļ㣬Ҷ߳һ㣬»ܲ˵
˵ǷؽҵģɻǱȲҶһϻ˵ҶڳҪկ⣬ŬǮñؽҽӲ
˼ǮҶûеҽʱƵҩˮι£ֻǵιҩʱֻ۾Ѿˡ
ûн࣬۽޵ӰͶ۾ϣն롣
ѹҶˣˣ
㳤ʱ˯۾Ȼ˿˼δҶôһУ˯ǰļ£
ʣҲڻؽô⣿
Ҷҩݵ㴽ߣҩٸ㡣
Ҷʮǿƣ˻ᣬŰҩ£󣬻ŷԼʱҶ˵˿һҲûʲôǰ˲֪жһôչΪʲô
ǰòƭһ
Ҷ֪룬̽˻㶾ιȥ£Ҷ֣ܽᣬһҵҩġ
Ի𶯼֮ǰЩòԻ󣬱ؽûк³ˣЩ˵³Ըվ
ڻؽˣǰ˼뽫̯
壬ŬҶΪ̫˲Ҫᣬȥȴֹ
㣺ȱңмҪ㡣
ҶŻŶǿ壬ǵǣ˵š
һ˵ܾˣ֮ǰ߹ҵı¡
Ҷ£˵ʱżȻ㶼ˣҲҪ˵
˵ʱ⻰ֻ˵һ룬ǣҽ£Ǹˡ
ҶȻ˵ԼʱĻˡ
˵Ҷ֮ò̫У˵һΣû壡
㣺ˡ
ҶˣһӦ嶼ˣЦ
ҶԲŵ񱻻㿴Ϊ֤Լ˵ʵܻ˵ҿ·֤
˵žҪ·Ҷ죬ᶨҪ֤ʱҶѾƫʼͻĵεΣŮװƺһŮӲһ
˵˵ȥֻ̫ÿ¡
ۻ㣬Ϊ֤ԼжҪ·Ҷ񿴣ҶһպüŰɫºͰľ
뵽ԼηҪȢ㣬Ҷеޣ˵ԼŮװǻؽȣһǹƭҶǾί
⽭ʵ̫նˣ
ίҶԴһƬãȻֱѹֵĿָ˼
Ҷֹ˻·屾Ͳã֪ˣ㲻á
⼸ֱҶȥѾܻǸ˵ʵҶǾ⼸ֻð㡣
Ȼǰ֪Ա𣬻ҲԸٶ˵ЩʲôĬĬ·
ڳͳתһʱ޻
㿴Ÿոձص·һɫµŮװ·ȫǻؽ׼ԸǰѻؽĿƣΪĸԸɾ֪úȥδӡ
Ҷ仹ڶԼѡõ¹ڻԽҪһҲ
Ҷ˵֪ǰʵҪѰýҩȢţ뷨ȻգѰҩ²ı䣬ȹңΪһҲѰýҩ
Ҷ˵ϣԱȻˣһ²䣬ƯŮ˿ңѰҩ
Ҷ룬ҿ
ҶԣĬ죬Ȼ֣εĻ֣лл
ҶͷҲ⣬
糣û֮ǰ֪˺Į룬ֱӷȴ⣬һжûı䡣
˵лл裬Ҳ޳Ϊ룬ҶչһЦʾл⡣
ЦڴߵڻڲУһЦԭ԰׵ͽȻɫһҶԵģʲô˼
Ҷס۾ߺ޵룬


48 
ɽ·ԶԽӽԽϡ٣;ĳ򶼲ݷ
Ҷ뻨רĸ·ҲЩ·ϳסޣֻлָݵĻ˲÷̻װ
;СĲ÷ҲûʲôӣʽҲ򵥣ɴڻȫء
ŴװĻ㣬Ҷ룬Ҳ֮ǰ޲ΪÿÿԱֻҪվ
÷̵ϰûվſ⣬Ϊ˿·
ҶϰžС۾Ĳ廰СүǲǵǮûҼ㡭û岻𣿻⣬ͦġ
Ҷ֮ǰϰˣûĹ˵⻰ҶǮϻˡ
һ·ϻҲֻڷеҩźһ㣬ʱڻ˯ڱʹĥҶ㵽ɽΪҵҩȻͿԻǧɽ
Ҷ뿪ǧɽ࣬Ҳ֪ͽôˣͷûЯʲ·뵽ǧɽҶǳկǰ˵һδŵ 
ű˵ĽһˣҶ죬ٴθ̾նϡ
ǵ壬Ҷ㣬ɸϢʱǵϢסҶ¶Ұ⡣
ʱҶǸϵһҿվվС·ߣϡɱĿվ֣ҶΪǱľ¥
ͣµһ̣һͷӿվͷ·ΡΡģ·ȴɡ
ҶմͷվҶԱߣڵʣ͹ס𣿡
Ҷͷһۣס
ͷϲ̻Ӧȥš
˵˾Ͳˡ
ܵ죡Ҷ̾ͬʱϱû취һ·ϻ㲻ڻ˯ڻ˯·ϣܲܰһϣϳĳ򣬳˸ϳʲôҲᣬʲô¶Ϊ֮ǰѾϰˡ
ҶŻȥʱղŵͷѾվڹ̨ǰЦӭҶҲϻƹģͷ
ھҪ䣬Ǳʴ⣡Сƿջ¡ƹ̾ţͬʱǸ͹治ɣܹͷǰʱ˿˶һ䣬ֻʣˡ
ҶɨƹһۣСƿջȻ˶ҲУһ䣬Լͬһ䣬չ
Ҷ񣺡ҲУȴȥͷ
ʣͷƹȻģԿ׾Ҫ·ǰҶﱧˣֻһƹԿޣεɾ
ƹĿҶͬͬʱ־ƹ񿴵̫࣬Լߴ˴Ҷƹ˵·ϻ
ƹӪÿջ꣬ⲻöãʶеģƫ˺٣һ˶ЩɢͣһЩڴطݲµˡ
ƹҶһļĴţ뵽üǰҲ˵ţһס࣬ڼƹһ̸˵ƫԶĵطãں۹⡣
ƹĽӵĥ˺þò׹ãǱġ
ƹ·ʱʱʱҶԽԽô£ƽ§һ̬ǵͬʱһռζ˵Ӻڸǵĵǣ˵ĳҲֵܡ
ƹԼ˵Ĺ۲ӦҲǺ֮ǰһΪԶԼɵץסᣬ˶סһʱ䡣
д뷨ƹ񲻹Ҷߴ٣˵ˣ͹ջλȻƫƧۿҲ̫ˣÿͷҶÿԴɨ̱ЩҲϴɹס
Ҷûƹ˵ʲôֻоĻڻ˯üӵĸ·ദҶ׻϶ʼʹ
ƹĻ߶ҶͷĴߴ٣˵ˣȥͷ˳Щˮ
ƹıҶĴߴŵӿͬʱ춼ûڣôȲ
Ҷ֪ƹ룬һӳԼҿջû˼Ħƹ롣
ʱƣҩƶʱԽԽ̣ҩЧҲ컨㶾ǿҶǿѹơ
֪ж󶥶ֹѣҶǼûʹ滨ҩⶾҶеͷȴ¡
ƹĴ򿪿ͷźҶ˽ȥû˼ͷҶֱ˷ŵϣͷƹҪˮ
ĶѾ۵òסƹҲԣɿȥˮ
ƹˮҶѾҩ׼ãˮ£ºҶְסΪ
һлƽҶɿ㶾ƽȥʱһΣҶƹЩˮԱ㻨á
ȫڣƹؿͷ·ҶпմջĻջ¾СǰԺǰǿջ͵ĵطͷͷԶдͷǰһտԺӡ
ԺտֻһʯƹʱջԺﻹûˣҶȥʱȴʯϡ
Ҷſͷ͸һǵˣɰʯϣž̳
Ҷƹ˵ջסһˣؾˣרĺȾƣ˿ûҶڿ̳ľƲϵĹУľˮʪǰ
˲Ҷ񿴲òֻ˺ȾƵģ˾˺ȾʱʮƣܶʱҶ񶼾˾˺ȵĲǾơͬǰ˾䲻ϵڹ࣬ȴΪƷơ
Ҷ˸Լһ̳ƣ˻᲻ʱƫͷҶһۡ
ĿԣҶϳ˾Ȼߣ


49 
ĿԣҶϳ˾Ȼߡ
ѩɽһ𲻹࣬ҶôҲû뵽Բµһͣòޱ߷ǡ
ҲϳҶûоȣҲûէ˵ϲãǾһ̳ƶҶҶֵܶ𣿡
ҶȲƣҡͷܾ߲ǿ󣬿˷ԹԵĺǱҶ񿴹ҲͿˣߣҶδеĺð˳
ǵóʱдźâĽһ㣬ߵûκιҶܺʲôһµĽͣ޽⡣
ҶǰԺȾƵߵ㲻ѩθβôˣ
֮ǰĽ飬ͣ¹ƵĶޱĻأ֮ˣҩʯҽ
һ仰Ҷ׹ûȻĺ֪
֮𱾾ͱҶûЩȴҲ⣬ֻߴģҶЩǣȰ㲻Ǻ֪ѱû˻ʵڲˡ
߲ҶȰЦΪһע޷ƫһ磬ɵûˣҲŷҵ֮޷ף֪˵һ̣ҵҲȥ
ҶŴߵû޷վǸ˵Ļ⣬Ҷɴת˻ͷܵˡ
ҡͷõѩΣΪãȴ;˱ʣźʳ˲óԵĶӾ磬һߣΪ˾ȥ˵еɽҩ˴㴫Ϣ
˵˴Ѿƽ޲ȴž̳˺üڡ
Ҷ룬ԭҲҩġ
ϻѾ򿪣̲סԹ˵̬˵䣬Ժ֮ˣҪû˲ſʼ׷ڡ
ҶߣҪʲôԼȡ
Ҷżᶨ
ͻȻǰȷʵǸԸ񣬱˵ԻȤֱӰ˴ѩɽ뵽ЩţߺѣɲǵˣҲóȻ¡
ʱ߶ǲ֪ؽŻ˵⻰Ҷ̾Ϣڲòǡ
Ҷû˵ŵĿ֨Ѱȥֻ˷š
㣡ҶŻѹȴȴʱûкȥ˼Ҷ첽˿ͷſڣ廹𣿡
֪Ҷãƾ͸͸
С㣿̽Žгϴѩɽ뻨棬ԻӰЩӳ
ڼһ̣߻Ұܵ˿ȰҶֵܲҪóȻ£˾ͳǰװ̼뵽Щ˷װ˽Ĺ¡
߽òͷɤǰĻѾˣӽԺͷΪֵܡ
ֹװ˽˶йҩĶ飬ӦǷģҾڽǣǰӰɣ
Ҷ񣺣
㣺
ҶԻ˵ʲôҽҪµģôӣ
ʡû˵ֻ΢΢ͷʾͬ
ٴҲԵݣѵû״̬пɣ˽
Ҷַ£߽֮ʹʧʹʱȴïï뻨ؽڽѾãܽ磬ϡ
˵ֿ㣬ôò֮û뵽Ҳһƭ֡
ؽ˼תֶδֻǽΪƽĲְˡ
ɷԱ𣬻ͷǹԹ޻û
Ҷʳɻ⣬˵ؽηɱ
ҡͷ
ȴЦڣ˽ĻؽɱʻˣҲηɱӲΪ
Ҷ˵ȷʵˣҼʬ壬ʬˡ
ҶŵȥеĳڵϵĻؽȷʵ͸
˵๼ǲɱѾҪˣֻ޲гˡ
ԻؽĺޱУ޼֮ǣθ
Ҷˣæ滨ı˳ؽѾˣֵ㶯
ӻ¶߾ͲɫԣҹɫԣǷ岻ʣ
㴭˵㣬Ҷ𵽣˻ؽĶǵ˵пɽٶΰٲҩ
һ٣֮ǰĿģҲҪȥɽ
Ҷͷԡͬʱ˳Ļ㵹ˮˮݵǰҶصˮ¡
һ߿пҶֵͲͦչ˵ġ
Ҷûб佱⣬Ȼⲻ
ϲȴŮ˻ˡû롣
̸һ߷Լ˵ʱǣԼһغȾƽˣҵ·ţҲ뿴ӡ
еһ߶˵ȥɽѰҩ·;ңԶ˴ƢԹŹ֣ҿǰɽѰҩ
Ҷ߽֣֣һͬУ洦ͦ࣬ͷӦðûǻдд衣
ЦЦϴΪˣлͦҶֵٴν֡
һ飬Ҷ߶ͦģΨлüȾһ˿ǳǶ˵ɽգȴΪ˰ϧվݶ飬һеĻ벻ر֮
ԼͬУ˾̳ϢҶͻͬסһݣ߳ź󣬻Щƣɵϡ
Ҷڻԣ㣬㲻ģ
ѾϰˣҶĲҲˡ
ǲģѹΪѰҩ·;δ֪վ·һǸ׸
Ҷ׻˼ǾԼǸۡ
Ҷ˵ҽҩԼԸȹңҲԹۡߣѩҲ޿ɺǡ
ƫͷպҶ˫۶ϣѩӮõġ
Ҷ˵ѩξġ
Ҷ˵⻰ʱϲһʣ㱻Ҷ˵û˸ղŵѹЦЦͻȻһ¡
ӻóһǵѩɽҶġ
㽫쵽Ҷķ򣬡֮ǰ뻹ˣá
͵Ҷ񽻳ȥʱһӨ͸һů⡣
ҶŻЩʹ죬ͳȥĶջĵ
Ҷ˵˾ġ
άŵݳȥƣֵģҲա
ҶƲƲ죬͸Һöֻǡôһ飬Ҳϡ档ţ˵ˣͳȥĶջûӣҪǴȥˣܶ˵ġ
Ҷ棬࣬û㴽߷Ц⣬Ȼᶨ˵´ȥ
֮ҾὫ˵ȥջȥɣ
ҶȻ֪㲻Ƕ໰ˣĵ׾ǲû񻹻ղ˵кܶҲƭģκλ㲻Ϊ
Ҷ뻨㽩֣գգۣԻ˵Ҹ£ҪҪǲҲƭ㣬񡣡
ȫȥҪ񣬿Ҷׯأĺġ
㣺˵˵
ҶһʵҶ
ҽҶ񡣡


50 
Ҷ˵ûйྪȣͷҶۺ˵ֵ
۷ԻģеҶ˼仯⣬еİһ㣬ͨ͸
ȻҶҪģôҳӢ䲻賣תҶôȻ䲻ңҾûҶ
ҶԼ۵㣬ϣͬڴϵĻֻЦЦ룬֮Ȼȫͬĸ壬˼ȫһҶ˵Ӣ䲻㻹ͬġ
ʱͬЩҶЩȥԽˣ߳ȥŮĶĳ࣬Ψһͬ˫۾δǰ峺
Ľ
ĵ׸пǧɹǳЦǲЦģΪĻʹ࣬Ҷһûж⣬ЩŻӽ˲һ˼棬Щͷָɾ⣬ˣ޷ԡ
֣Ҷкܶ뷨Ҫ˵ڼʱͬһ㳤ٳ裬ܶ뷨Ҳﲻǵһ߶ôõġ
ܻûлӦҶ֪ΪڶЦŻЦݣҶ֮ǰҪ˵Ļյǰ
ЦˣÿЦʱҾͻŮˣҪȢţֻһˡ
Ҷ˵⻰ȥǰеȣɫ£
ôԣ̲ЦˣҶչʱ̫ǰҶΧȫˡ
ҶĻ㲻֪λӦӱƵı۾Ҫ·Ϣɣ
˵շ˱ӰҶ
ҶҪϢϨʲô˵ʲôղ˵⻰Ҳȷʵһ룬ɵԻ˵ǻ֪ʧˡ
ѻ㵱ŮˣȢɻʵԱˣ˺ôһ
ʵҶȻ뵽ĪԨҲˣĪԨڴϴܵĳҶԺС
˺ŮһŮ˽óǻ˺һ𣬾Ȼκεطд䡣
Ҷе֪ж߽зܽ˺һҲͦ˼ģ
۵Ҷ񵱼룬ͻһӣ˸ͷҶԹԵҡͷ񶨣岻ã书ܺд衣
뵽˵Ҷʧ̾˺һҲʡ
̾ϢŵҶ˿ͷľ齣ձҲЩˣƤЩأʱԺһȫȻû˯⡣
Ҷ룬һʼ֪Լˣǲһ𣬿ʼԼʱûоܾ뿪ؽҽʱʲôҲûոȴóҪ˵ŵġ
ЯĶ֮˵мΪҪһΪλἫΪҪȻΪ˰
ҶΪԼ۲ϸ£˸ܣ͵Ϊ
ҶỨ㣬ĻҶ˲ӣҲûʲôͬ
뵽⣬Ҷпյ룬Ϊʲô˲أΪʲôأ
ҶʱޱҶ룬治ףһŮ鳤ҹ¡
ҶʱߺͳѾˣʰһָ֮ǰ͵ģֻࡣ
Ҷûעߵı仯ʱ磬϶ʶ㣬ʳһϵ⡣
˵ܲӣ

ĪĪһֱûڸеó򶼱Ҷ⾪õɴ˲ɣۣôӣ
õشҶЩȻ˯ž׶룬˻ţȻֻ˯ȥ
ҶѾϰߣ˿ҵҩҲ취컹ļѾǺõˡ
泵ѾҶ滨һ㱧ȥ
Ҷϰ֮ˣһ˲һԲжԼƶһЩ
һпȴô£һ˱һˣԶﱼѰҩΪʲôҶֵܿźԵɵʣܾ˹ϵһ㣬ղԸٴθԺ
߾һЩ˵¡
Ҷ񰲶ٺû㣬ʱ뿴羰Ϊɾܾˣ룬ʺϴ
ʱڴæ·йڵʱ򣬼˵һаӵСӲӾһҿջҶҿջ˽š
ٽٴҶ͵סɫתŽࡣ
ڿջǰԷȷļ϶ߵһ·ƶ࣬ɽܽˡ
Ҷ֪ɽŷλô߻ʵˣȳ극ƹĴ
˵ڻؽĹϣ˵ļء
ǻǰûģһ˵˶
˵ѵʱ򲻶࣬״Щǵõ¾Ͷˡ˵ǱȺǻʹٿػˣʹ˱ǵĿܣţһԲϱºȡ
˵꣬ջſھʹһö飬ͷ˲
ҶǶˣӱܵѰȥͼջſڳ˸ʮģŮ
ŮͲģȴãһſڣͽԭڳԷĿȥֻǴŲ̫ãֻ·ŤŤķڴΨһĿĳ˳࣬ϵ塣
ŮֲĽ˿ջѰλƹõģæǰк
Ҫʲô
ŮڰϣĴţһ棬ƹŻأҺöǵóԵĶһݣҲˣҪǵĿͷ
ƹŮҪβҶǕƳСõķҲ䣬ȫҶǶˣΪһˣƹԼİ취˲ܵ˷ȥͨϷҲδɡ
Ůָƹæˡ
ƹһߣмͱŮʳǰһ˳ţиֳͬ
ŮЩ˼ջĿ䵽Ҷʱ¶ϲı顣
֮Ůһ´ԭλ춯ܵҶ
ҶŮջʱһֱţΪʹŹ죬ֻŮϴйƻĵá
ŮȻͨˡ
ŮʱҶ߾ǽ䱸ûΪ뿴ŮĿŵܹΪʲô
ŮҶͣˮֱֱͫŻ㣬ＤĿڣ㳤ÿԸ⵱ҵķ𣿡


51 
Ů־ͳ죬ʱ˶䱸ţȴһ仰˶Ӧʱ߻켣꣬Ҳδֱ׵Ůӡ
ΨҶԭϵһģ˵У̫ͨ䲻ϡ
Ů۶ǻ㣬Ӽµڣδÿˣȸµ޻Ҫÿ
¶Ůޱֱ˵ĿֻǱһص˷ˡ
ŮĿӻƿ䵽Ҷϣһ˶ٵ꣬Ŀ
ŮҶҲѺã˾Ȼ˵ͨǾƯˡ
ҸƯ˵ʲô죿һһ׮飬Ե
Ůϼ˿¶ӣվռߵǴҶΪ
ҶҲʾԵҲãһһǿеŮƵġ
㡭ŮǴ˵룬Ϊ˻
ⳡ粨Ļ֮ڷӦίܾɹ̧ҽΪ˲һ·ѰԵ
ŮͻľܾҶƴгԴŮӲɴ³ΣɵŮ˵Ҫ㵱ʱҶĵһӦǣŮ˵ܷʣҸˣԲŻ
ܾŮʧ䣬ɫҰܵ˻Լλ뿪ʱŮһʧģݺݵҶһۣһƺޣôֺݺҶǰһ¡
ŶҡηֻǱö˿Щơ
Ҷ񲻸ʾĻصɣҲԷŹŮʲô˾ٶ
ŮӾͻصԼλá
Ҷѳ극βͻؿͷϢˣŮ뿪Ĭȥͷ
ȥͷ·ϣһֱĬͻȻڣղŮĽ⻶ŵ塣
Ḷ̌Ҷɲİ
ҲʶʲôøղŮĽ̵ˡ
˱߱˵Ҳ
ߵֻǲ²⣬ղŮֻҪһұоͷ񶯣ʱӰӰֻ塣
ߵĻҶͷΪûо
˵Ҳûо
˵⣬ΪĽ⻶ŶŴ߼Ļζǣ߻ħҲб׶ˣĸ߲书ûӰ졣
ԣҶͷʾ֪ˣͬʱߵöˣȻһСζǡ
ҶŵȴҪΪȴıǮıǮĽ㲻д趼ҪģĽѾþûгˡ
ŵĿջϴƫƧõĿջö࣬Ҳ෿ҶȴִҪ뻨ͬסһ䣬ҲҪʱտŻ㣬ڻ㶾ʱҩѹƶԡ
һ·Ҷͻͬסһȷʵܸõչ˻㣬ԼҲ˵ܾĻֻлĶҶͷˡ
Ϊԭ򣬻˵ܵͣҶϲϸյлҶأͷ
ҹĻ٣ڻҩЪºҶҲˣ̫û˯ã˯ˣ¾˯
˯ҶоʲôϤϤ֪Ҷ̴˯ѹ
ѹҶݵٸ֪ҲѣȻҶ䶼ǶܿҶ֪ͷЩеĶ
㣿Ҷһʱ㡣
ûлӦҶе΢ĺ
˿ͬʱҶоʲôϸСĶϣ˳Žһ·ϡ
ʲôҶɴйֱӽϵĶҶлۣṦ˿ͷ̨ĵط
Ĺ΢Ҷ巿״ͷȻȫǶ棬Ыӣ򼣬ߣܣЩҶȼٶȸˣʲôָȫҶϮ
ҶͷƤ飬̨㴲ߡ
㻹ڳ˯Ҷ񿴵ıЫӺ򼣬ͷϻһӵߣ뻨ֻһ֮Զ
Ļ㰲ΣҶһ䵽߾һץߣһֶӽ߶˳ȥ
ΣҶֽ㱧Խűߣų˳ȥ
䵽ûжĵذ壬Ҷͷۻ㣬жԣûôҶɿ֪ͦõġ
ҶЩ·֪ڵĵط׷˹һֻ治Ϊ壬ɳǧľһ鷳ˡ
ҶһֱŻ㣬һ棬սʱһ붾档
ҶͷסǸڵߣֽ
߸ղŻ˯죬ʣʲô
ҶŻԱߣ˯һͳˡ
ҶֻԼ׶ڽ˼꣬ߺܿóۣô඾һ𣬿Ϊĸ
Ҷʣĸ
˵˵ơ
Ҷ񣺡Ͽֶһɱľǹơ
˵ɱй߿ܾĥĹģΪ綾ޱȣԼĸ
˵Ƕɱɣһ㶾ƻ֮ɶĸͬΧеĶ档ҿЩ治ͣ㣬һжĸ


52 
ӦߵĻĶ׷Ҳ
ҶŻֽŲʩչֱ߻ӽɨǰĶ棬ӦԵĿ϶
Ҷʣ˵Щ湥ΪжĸΪλжĸûӴ
߱ʶ㣬˵ӦûҶɻûӴùƵΪϻжĸ˵ͻȻ𣬽һŹŮΪִ
Ҷ˵ǸŮȻйŹ֡
ߺҶһһ·û£ΨŮǵöš
˵ùƣŮһˣ¹߻ֶѣŻ£֢֫״Ҷֵвʡ
Ҷδо岻ʣŻɶܶ湥ܽһ档
Ҷ˵û£Щ̫ˣ
Ҷ˵ûЩĿĵĹ̫ˣǳȺ֣ǰģֲܿҳ⣬ջҲ˶Ĵڣջ𱻾ŵĲҽС
ջɵ˶ֽ࣬߳ڶɱһ·˶࣬ȥٵĵط㡣
ҶͷʹṦŻ㷭ջԺǽ
ҶߵṦμ⣬̤ѩ޺ۣˮ޲˿ջŰʯ·һ·УҲȺ档
߳ü϶ͷһۣЩû
ҶٶΣаѻ˳ҹ¶أ۷ҶЩ»
屾Ͳã˸鷳Ҷ뵽
ҶҲͷһۣʯ·ϳǾֻɭ¹⣬Щȷʵû׷
˿Ҷڱҹ紵ʱȻнŲ׷
Ҷ˵ˡ
ߵͷҲˡ
ŲṦˣжжޱȴأ˺Ѳ
ʵһ䱸
߿۱ŻҶ񣬡ҶֵӦ𣿡
Ҷ˵Ļ⣬ﶼδϣҲһĻѵǫĻصаɣ
˵ţûȵ˳֣һ
ҲǸӹŵˣһδս䣬̾ӴҲ
ߵıԹûȵҶӦֻͣҶĺȻ߾Ҷ˵ҺеͷΣе¡
Ҷ˵⻰ʱϢȫңߴȫ䱸гҶֻͷð亹վŶЩҡΡ
ҶǽرŻ㣬ֹһˤڵϡ
Ҷ˵Ҹожҷ㣬ҿҪվסˡ
æֽӹ㣬ס
߽ӹʱĵˣֱǳģ˵ҶҶȷϽ͵кһֱӵڵϡ
Ҷֵܣ
Ҷ񽻹֣֪ʵĪ⣬ʵ⣬Ҷǰ˵Ӧǹƶ
ڿջһ·ǺúõģΪͻȻң
һжڵߺܿҵԭڡ
ѰҴ֮ˣͼһŮӺҹ߳ͬʱ˵ǴŽӦǴ˵еĽˣһΪǶ˲һ
̧ȥǰŮֻǰŮʱ죬ʱȴ
߼ҲȣȻ㣡
Ůֻ֧ѣȻѽ˭۸ңһѵ
˵ССͣȻùƶˣֵϵĹơ
Ůܾ˰˵ͨǸĽѵ˵ˣϲ˵Ȼ뵱ҷͰƳɿ޺ˣңҷߡ
Ů˵ߺϤϤڿջΧǵĶΧˡ
ǳвԵˣͻĶȦߺЩû
˵Ұ˸ҲУЩطףҽͽͣҾͽ˫ַϡ
ôŮЩ⣬ڵĴɲǺ̸ʱ򡣡
˵˼Ҷ˵ҲҪף˶㽻ȥˣͲŪס
ŮִţǶ֮ĵ˵ʲô˵ɣ
߿ڵϵҶֿ˿ܶ棬Щ·ָƵģΧһȦͲǰֻͣһ
˵ǽֲĶƷһһϦ֪Ĺʦһ͵ߣСС;ȻвݰٳĶĸһ·ϡ
ʳɻŮȴһЦʲô˲ģ˶ƣֻǳɽΪ֪ˣ˵ˡ
ŮһڵϵҶһֱ˯Ļ㣬˵ˣһңһܾң·ˡ
ûŮ油Ǿ䣬ֻŮǰ˵˵˶ƣ֪Ƶֻɽϣˣˣ
ŮûעƶԺ˵ҵڽ𣿡
Ůھ׵ҹɫд
õ𰸵¶ڵı飬ƭŮ
ֵͷڵϵҶ˵Լˣˡ
߻һ䣬Ҷʹӵɫ糣Ĳˡ
ԭΪҶ񱻹ƳƵŮһĸղŵԺ㡭ôᡭ
ҶʱվڲԶŮŮôҶº͵ĶŮ˵ҪǰɽѰҩҲ·㣬Եݣ鷳·ҾͲƽˡ
Ҷ˵Žһɫӷĵ˳ȥ¹³ͨѪ죬Ҷѳӵݳȥһ̣ܶ궯мֱӿղŵİȫȦֱҶ
ҶŶһЦ̺ƷһǰĶͱɨһƬ
ʽͻȻŮĲš
ƭŮ˶ĸе߽ͣǶǽˣѪӹȻأΪĽ̵ˣҹҶֵλӡ
˵ʱ˻һֻۣѾۣҹɫĺޱȡ
˵ˡ
˵һˡ
˵ſڵϵҶֶ˵Ҳ㣬һᡣ
Ҫʱû̴ӦȿҶһۣΪҪҶҲס
Ҷյ߿ѶϢֱڵϣ岻ã˾վЪɣ
ҶΪûñŤԼҪ˿Ťͻ˾ý飬㲻ֱ¡
ʶԼƭŮ˽ʱҪһŭ߼˵
岻ʣҶֵÿնˣҶֵתʱ־裬ȫƳֻĸ
֮ǰΪ˵ɽѰҩ˵İϰף֪ƣôɣڿɽĵطݹƳĹһɹָǵģǾһϷù˳ȥһ
˵ʱĺ֪ѽ̸
ɶŮýȥΪĶĸ׻⣬ƽնǳֳŮܵίһŴѡ
ĵٴڵ߶£ܶ汩ˡ
ϮὣԾռһλֵ棬Ҷδڶ汩ָ֮ΪкΪֻŮѡ
濴СɣɱҶעȥĶɲͬ죬ӻŮһŮòסѣѾ˳ƶ䣬ŮҲΪ˼ҶŷĽ
ĸλñתƣҲûѲٿأȫӿŮŮ·ãҶҲŮΣա
Ҷ֣̻⣬ʩչṦԾŮǰڶҪʱŮӿ⣬ߵҶҲŻ뿪ۼĵط
ڰСͣ¡
ŮһϽ̼ܵѾЩ㶲Ը
ҶֱӱŮȥɽ·Ů겻󣬽ҹ˴в֮ģףһж𣬿һеԴͷҲΪȥ
Ůðʵѣо綾ӣɽܽٶҩصǧѰҩԸ·ٺòԸڴԭ£Ѱ
㣡Ҷû뵽˵ıյǰȻ˵žͷš
Ҷҡͷʾû£ؽصִʱ̫źΪѾߵͷҶȴᶨѰҩȼĿ
Ҷ߰Ѱҩ;ΪĨ̹ȻǵİߵҲŮ˵ǶλŮѡٺòǲԸѰܳɹҲˡ
Ů˵ʱᣬŮԭкøУһ¾ͽֵҶֿҵˣŮܵй
ŮĿ͸žҹ
ͻȻҶһһûʲôأʲô
Ҷһ˵ŮͿ޵øˣ߿ޱ˵Ը˵öԣûһöǶ۸ҡ
ŮĿߣҶƽˣȶ֣ѳӷҲί
ŮſߵҶͻȻ󷽴
Ҷ˿ߵ˼Ůȵ죡ˡ
עȫŮϣһ򿴲Ů˿ޣëˣҶһ˵
ҶһŮ޵øˣҶȴû˼Ϣڿ
Ҷ˻˵ܶˡ
û߱Ƚϳȣȱһܡ
˵ͷŮڿޣ滨꣬òҶֱֵŮѨ
·˴ط
ղغãͼһʮ˵Żѣſɳ۶
ҹ·Ǽ£ҶǰҲһζ
۶Ҷͬ˵Ľ̡


53 
Ľ˵·϶ͳһӡ֣Ժܺñϡ
̾Ŀӽֵ·ҶĽ̵˽֣ʱȻ̾ģһ·ϵ׷ɱ١
Ľһ֮ϱֿ⣬γ㶦֮ƣʵۺ񡣴Ӹ·Ľ̽ЩӶϱֻ񣬰һĽΧﲻ롣
Ľ̵δԶҶϢģڽ̸
ǰϵɽ
ԶȥǺӦû˵ʲôҶˡ
Ҳ֪ĽΪλʲôˣ
Ҷʣʲôˣ
ߣɽ
ҶͷĿɽ
ԵĻ𲻺õԤУĽ̵Ϊλȥɽ
һʱĬĽ̽ڽϵĽ̾Ե޹ȥɽ
Ҷ¶࣬Ҳÿˡ
Ҷ˵䣬ֿ˿Ѩ˵ܶŮĽڽǳ޶Ӷ񫣬ǰɽȻûк£Ϊ˰Σȥɽ
ҶͼӴ׵ĿŮŮת˵ʲôҶΪҪͬ⣬Ľ̵ѾԶֽѨ
˭֪ҶհѨ⿪ŮͲߣδСһ仰ҸǴ·ǲģǾк𣿡
ŮĴҶ뷨ƼžҹҶЩ꣬ղô˵Ů·˳˵鱨⣬Ľ̴еĿġ
Ҷİ㻹飬ǲҪ·Ҳܵɽ
ŮüϷΪ֪ȥɽ·˿ô֪ˡ
ŮЩţô
ŮҲʵģûֱʳڣֻǿҶ
ܵߵʣҶҪ˵ôʱ㿪ˣĽ̵ҲҪȥɽǱɡ
˵꣬Ҷ͵ͷǣϬ뵽һȥˡ
ôʡֻ˳˼·һ£Ҳַ
ҶһĸղŵĳţЦ˽ҡ
ĿƣԴӻСӺܾ˹ֵֹģҪ˵֣˵
߷ﲻԾϽĽȥķ򣬡ղֻ̫Ľ̵ˣȴ֪Ľ̵Щˡ
Ҷ⣺𣿡
Ľ̵뿪һˣ߱˵ɡ
Ҷ˿пͷһǺţջȡ·
ϷŮⷢʱ⣬ȴʱǣҶûЪ£Ҳû뵽ô඾棬Ϊ˻㰲ȫҶֻðĻ̳
Ҷ񴦴Ϊ룬мͬʱֲڣҶΪȫǰŮӡ
˵ûϵǱΪ˰ңһҪ˷Ѳʱ䣬Բ鷳
Ҷ񷴲ô鷳岻ãһܺ񻯣һ·ǰ
㱻Ҷ˵ˡ
˶Իֿ˿㵥Ӧõͬʱ־ãǹֵֹģ
ܱĸоΧƣ߻ǲҶ飬һ˳̽̽ʵ
Ҷͷ߿Ůһۣ
ҶŶ˵֪ѱôˣӦòͬ·ǿˣ
Ҷ˵߻һĴŻˣ缲磬ߵͷƮ
ЦЦ룬Ṧ׿磬½ᣬҪҶֵٱһ
ñ紵ҵͷԻԱߵŮﱣء
˵缲Ľ˵ķ׷ȥ
ؿջ·Ҷ˵䣬ȥʱ·ǱΧĵطʱҲûȥЩȫˣδڹһ
˽Կ־Ҷɸ̾棬ôһССĳӣȻټô඾档
ǵһμȴûҶ˷ܾҶʾѵøڽϴԽãͻᷢⲻѰС¡
ҶʣԽϵº˽⣿
˵Ϊ˰ѻ˲ٽϵ¡
Ҷ񲻶ˣѻؽкι
˵֮ΪΣҴϵ²ΪѰ뻨ؽˡ
ԼĿģΪԼı·Ҳδˣ飬ϧܰҵˣȴڻؽܼ£δЩˡ
Ҷ뻹û뻨ؽҲһû˻ؽݣҲһԻȤ
Ҷ˳Żȥ㵱ʱЩܰ㣿
أֲ֪ʦң
㱨֣ǰҶ˵ǰʮаŵһģҶһӢˬŮˡ
һʺһĳǣȻӦ
ҶͷûңǼˣǸƽƽŮӣȻô
̸Ѿصջʰ˶Ҷҵϳ򣬽ڴ˴ǻŻ㣬Ҵ׷ߡ
ĽеüҶŻµļǺ׷ճҲû׷ߡ
ڼ仨Ϊԭ򼸴β˯ȥȴҶŻ˯ԼӲǿгš
׷·Խ᫣Щ·һںҶͣ
ΪӰҶ·һֱǿŶʱʹҶͣ»תעʣôˣ
ǷֱСС֦Ҷïɽ֣Ҷվڲҿ˿üǺһСָǷڣĽ̵̤УǺŵĵطԵӡǺָķӡ෴
ĵۣΪѰҩǱ˶û˵࣬ʲôʸۡ
ʹ˵ǲ·;ͣԻ󡣡
Ҷ˼Ƭ̣ᶨ˵̫෴̫࣬ߣǺ߾ˡ
Ҷ˵䣬¾ͶˣʩչṦһԶʮҶ졣
Ҷͽɽ֣ΪԴ򶷺ۼ˫õĶǷޱȵڴֵľϣҶͱնϵ֦Ѫ
Ҷ»㣬ʰһƬմѪҶѪ࣬һѾɺԡ
ҶҶ򶷷һʱǰ
ܲµܣ㻹ǵǵĵʣ߱ˣ


54 
Ľ̵¼߸Ǳ֣µһ͵ĳνվ޵С
ҶƬҶǵҪĿֻǸѰ·жзִ磬ǲֱӶ߾ǣΪλ
·ָҶΪûѡ
룬ص˵ߣ߲أ
Ҷɿ֣ҶƮ䣬߽֣֪߹Σ书ǰˡ
ԺĽϢĽ̹ǰλλ׳ɽ
Ҷ˵ͬʱɽ峿ɽֳ
ٶ²ҲáʲôҶ˵Ѱźۼҡ
Ҳǣڰҵ˵
Ҷ˵Ƚ򶷺ۼһ鿴һӺۼпԿһԶսٵĶԾĽһʮˣֻһˣ˭˭ٲԶ
ղ˵ĽʤߵֻˣʵȻʮһ޼ʤеĶ֡
ҶĿڴ򶷺ۼߣûʬ˵ü鿴ҶƬȻûȥĺۼۣȺҲʮˣһۼ
ҶĿ̽ͬʱԻҽһ㡣
Ҷɫжδ֪ΣգԼıºʹȻĿҶ֪ͻϮҶܻȫ
һƬľ΢ĺۼҶ⵽׷˼˴æ뿪ĺۼ
ˣҶɻˣƬֻ뿪ĺۼ
ɻŪ龭ߵ䣬׷İ취
ҶԽĻ˵˴뿪ˣǵ׷ǡ
Ҳע⵽ľеĺۼ׷ºۼƺõİ취ˣͷڲȷºۼǵѵ¶Сġ
ҶšһתṦ˳Źľеĺۼ׷ٶȥ
ҶԼȥ磬ѾΪҪǰ·ϣֻҶܸ죬οڲЩʱԼΣգԼҲⲻȥ
ƬɽָҶŻ㼲һӣֻľԽԽïⶼ͸
Խ棬ۼҲԽԽǳԣҶȴδְӰ
㽫һпȷ˵׷һ·ûзְӰ᲻ǹµĺۼķ׷١
ۼѶҶУҶ븽ͻʱۼķһӡӡĳҶָ˷
ҶŻӡķǰȥûһ㷢һɽɽҶ»㳯һͷ⣬ɽ
Ϊδ֪⣬ɽʱҶ¶ۼĻŻ㣬ͬʱ˷Χ
ҪɽʱҶһŮ˵˺öѪĲҪ𣿡
Ů˵еϤ
ʻһκҶû£ѪĶ˵㣬ڲ
ߵҶСĿͷĻ˵档
˵֮Ҷ粽߽ɽɽСڸûҶ㿴Ŀɽʯϣʹϸһ˿ڣ¹ƵŮҵ߰˿ڡ
ߵֿԱߵŮҶǰеʣô£
ͻȻڻҰŮһʱߵ˿ڣ۵
Ҳôһ߾ƽܵŵŮҲ񣬼Ҷһߵͬˣ
ʱҲ˹ظҶղŵʣô£
ߵ˴Ѫö࣬ˣʵֻû˵ǡ
ҶʳʺİзҳһƿҩҩиģҶǲģǿ
Ҷ룬ôˣȥֹѪҩ˷ʱ鷳
ҩƿҶƽԻڰŮ˵ȱ𶯡
Ů֪ôͻȻתˣҶ͵治ٶ
Ҷ֮ǰõѪĲÿֱӽҩ˿ϣ˿ҩֹѪ̡
ѪȻֹסɫȴɲ԰ףûȽԼʲô£ɳƵʵˮ𣿡
С㷴Ӧ죬ŴԼϵˮݹȥ
ˮɫЩˣɵĶԺ˵˿ڳʹҲûʲô󰭡
Ҷͷʾ֪ˡ
߼˵׷Ľ̵˱ˣǲһڣĽ̾۲µеޱ
۲Ҷ̾˵Ľ׷ɱǾ۲ŵˣڵޱҶҲ֡
ޱΪλͲ۲ŵǣһ𣿡ʳʵǻ㡣
ùҩֺˮɫԻͣ۲ΪȱľǮޱΪƸɹٸǮĹⲻϡ档
Ҷ۵ޱԺƬ̺˵ʮʱ֩ޱаŵڰˣ֮ϼĽ̵ˣѹ߻ᱻֻˡ
ֻҶֻޱ֣ɫԱ˱䡣
Ҷʣޱкβ֮ͬ
ʻãһʻɫˣΪжɫһֱ԰ף˿̳˲԰׻вȻһ̸ֱŮ
ŮͶԻкøУ˿ý˺ܿͲı仯ֱʵƯ㲻𣿡
ҶҲ˻ɫ仯ȴŮȣȻ֪ʱˣҶǲɫƲվŮͻм䣬תͷ¶ɫŮ˵ղžˣΪλ
ŮҶʵŪòˬ׶ػ죬ȴм˵Ź·ңȻұĽڵס
ΪͣŮ⣬ûҾͬ飡
֮ӣҶĬƬ̶ߵĽڲУṦ׷ϣŮù˳䲻⣬򼫲ôôĳߣָպþ㡣
ҶĻŮı˲̣ʲô˼Ǳ߹Ϊ·˭֪ôڴܣҿԶ٣ùܡ
ȻɣŮͣҲŮ˵Ź˵Ȼ嶯Щûжġ
ҶŮ¹һ»һڶŮŮ˼һֱΪ˵Ҷ뵽ҪΪһʦˣҪȡ
Ҷ㲻ŮϾᣬתظղŵϣᵽޱɫͱˣʶ𣿡
⻰һʻ㲻˵˵߿˻һۣ¶ζЦ˵ǶԵ
ҶһȻصӣ֪
ߣȻг룬ж˶֪
뵽뻨йҶ͸Ȥˣ˵
߿ۻ㣬»ɵԼ˵ȽϺá
Դת㣬һҶһǱ߻ŵŮȻ˵ЩʲôЩ¸Ȥ
Ҷ̽Ŀ⣬Ҷ˵㻹ǵҸ˵ģؽҵòΪյٽΪ£оеޱ
Ҷ˵ؽӪµһ˵Щ̰ͼòΪ¡
˵ޱǸϴΪԶ˫ۣʵΪ˻ؽѰһú컨˫ȵĽ͡
˵⻰ʱǸ⣬δޱһΪһĻԶ˫ȣվǿϧ
ҶǸ⣬밲ο㲻ⲻ¡
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Ҷһû˫ȵˣԭϤıڽϴԼȷʵ˾塣
߽ŵޱ˫ִĵ̰Ե˳Ϊĸ񵶣ʧ˫ȱȳ˰һأִʱ˲ʳ֩룬䣬Ѫ֩ĳƺš
ҶͷԵޱ˳˽⣬ǵĿĵضɽһҲ֪֪ˡ
Ҷ⣬ĽΪҪȥɽǷǻҪɱ֡
˵ЩĽ̿ԭΧŴɧϱʿͼıɽԶַҲ벻ͨΪҪȥɽ
Ҷ뵽̾˵Ľķѣ̾䲻Ǻˣ鱨Ҳδм٣¥ǸʲôɽɵҲ˵ĽŴɣЩɵ£Ҷܲţ£ˡ
ҶźɽҪĶǮȨΰٲҩ
һߺҶɽʲôûбȳɽ˸ˡ
ղŻڻϵĿתϡ
Ҷżɽʲôǰ𣿡
Ų֪ͷôתˣ֪У˳Ⲣ֮
ҡͷ
ͻȻЦŹǳҲὲ֪ġ
ǿŲ֪ľȻ߻ﺬӣе֮Ůֻһ˿Ǹо˴̼
ż᲻֪һأ
Ϊŵе󣬻صɽУҶ󲻳ϵġŶһ
ҡͷ̾Ϣ̫
ȻΰٲҩȻΪſ˵ӦǴ˵еҩ
ҶǵıУ֪Լ˻ߺԼֱڿ죬˵⼸ˣ򲻹⼸ˣһǣžҪתȥ
ҶȴɫڣǧɽկҶл֮֮ǰеﻹﲻҪǻҵǧﱼŹܽ綾ҩǵýҩ¶£ɽǡ
ҶԼ˵ûʧȻŮӡ̫ã˿ȷʵˣҩҪҶ񲻸ŵ
űҶ˵Ļ֮˭ű˿տµŵԣɵҶ˵綾ʱɿ˿㣬˵˶岻ãÿˣˣǸöϧ
뵽ţϰ˵ͷʾԸȥԼС
ŵͷûϲһ·ıͶ˾ͷ
Ҷϲ⣬һ˿ԵãҶ룬࿴ѧϰ˼ҵõġ
ŴӦ·ü˽иҶҩѪֹסһṦѾʼ衣
߽˿ڣûʲô󰭰ɣ
ܹصˣŲϺţ£
߻ô˵һ·ʱг̻
Ҷһˣһжģһ˵ģһŮˣͻȻԼش
Ϊг·ⲻ̸߻Ǻϵ
ţҿϵͦµģǶɾ͵İɡ
߱Ѱ˸ͷڣ֪ƳĻһۣæϣŲǣ
̧̧巢죬ǰɽ죬Ǵ죬Ӿչֳ޻
˵ҲÿɽһƯҵġ
˵ŻǸĳԹԵ˵ˣƯʱҸ߳ɽûãǸƯ㳤ÿɺÿˣҿʱ򻹶ЦҿЦҾʲôˣ
Ҷ˵ǸŮ˺ÿʱмƲƲ죬ٺÿÿһҪҶ룬û棬ž˵Űɣ
Ų֪Ҷ룬ϲҵʱǸƯ㣬ȥȴôڣǸƯ˵·ˣǸƯָ·Ϊ˴лңƯ
˵ҿǸƯʱ򣬵һʱ뵽̹Щǵľ֣˵ҶΪɽƯ㻹һžͺֵ֣ܿ˵Ӧ
ƯֽƼˮԵݣ߾ӦֺŲһ١
㾪㵵ʣȷǸŮ˽Ӧ
ֵûش⣬ȻҼǵرأ
ǸŮ˳Ư⣬Ƿһ£Ƿ󶼹֮⣬۽ǻһ롣߽׷ʡ
ЩĻأô֪ѵʶƯȷʵϴ졣
Żੲݣȴɫصأȷʵˣ
ҶȫӦʱһξϤҶԼѾڽϻ쿪ˣ˭˭졣
ҶʣʶӦ
𣿡ǵҶĽ̻Ӧ
һѣҶˣĽ̵аǰʮĸ֣ӡҲ˶ѣҶ񲻶Ϊʲôһٴеģ
ҶʶĸаǰʮĸУΪǹУҲûµĵزϴڶıïï򵥹˼УҲˣˮƽҶڰʤ
Ҷںʣ𣿡
ʱҶ֪ηԸ񣬡һŮ֮ܲ𣿡
ҶأңӦ֮ϣǲ˵ңѾ޵ˡ
߱Ҷ߼˵ˣͬʱȻ֪ң
Ҷ񣺡Ҳ֪Ĺ졣
ҶʶңҲȣص㲻Ӧ书ҲһȷѪˡ
ҶţҪһνˡ
˵Ӧڶʮǰ֮лħŮţòм˶Ϊȹ֮ƫƫȴмҵıĮĮ¥ˣӦΪõ֮˲ָƱĮӡ
ʱϵ˶ΪӦɻΪһЦȴʧӦƺ󾹺ͱĮӳΪѣԽƣȫӡ˵ʱЦĮøλ飬ֻǺЦĶӦİͷ֪ӦƱĮ˵ʲôʲôֻ֪ǵ꣬󣬱Įӣɱһľǵĵط
ɱʽ򣬵ȥ¥˾Ͳһˣ¥йϵ׷֣¥ҵ׷ȥʱ־ȻţֵӦ
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㽲Ӧ¼ЩҶԼʮǰĶԹԹûʲôȤΨһעı¥ǰҲ¥أ
ҶҲûʱ룬ܿץһЩЧϢųʱΪĽӦ˺Ľ̵˿ӱ޸ɽӦŵ¼
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Ҷ˵Ӧÿһˡ
ߵͷ˵Ľ̸ɽͲټ򵥡
ź֪ʣǸƯǻ𣿡
Ҷ˽Ӧû˵
һţʲô𣿡
Żһ󣬡˵ɽ·ˣҲɽ·ұָ·
׷ʣȷָɽ·
ԭʮȷָɽ·ֻߵ׷£ԥʱƯʱһôָ·Ҳǲˡ
Żòڲ֪ʲô°ɣ
Ҷ񿴳ŵĻңҪŴ·ܳ⣬ţȴǻȥ
Ҷ⻰οŵģżҲûãҲûȥ˵
·ֻǲԿ
ҶǽҲѵûڲеĻܸϣʵҶϻģ㿴ǰ漲ţ˵ߣܾһܼ֡
ҶҲǿ󣬸·;Ҷߣ˵Ӧ⻶ŵˣ㽻ֵĽڣȴ˵Ǿ۲ŵĻ˵Ľ̸Ÿִ£ôһ
ҶǸ⣬߲Ǳˣ޷𰸡
ν©ƫҹʱˣ˼Ÿ·仯ưô˵¾£Ѱ˴ɽϢͣ˼·˿һڵɽ¡
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˱ͷɽֻɽһ룬ҶٲɽŨصѪζ


55 
ҶгŨصѪǵһθоѪϢʣСġ
Ҳһŵ˵һֲõԤС
֪ҶĸǿԸ֪ΧΣգû˵ֻǸСΣﲻæٲҪΪ׸
ΨŶΧ޲СﳤÿУοɽ·гרŲõ󷨣ס볰ǴСʱϴĹƳ͵궯
Ƴ궯ͣװĺӶɻ󲻽⣬ֽó򿪡ùƣȴƣǳ̰棬ûѧһϵĹƳȫǸøģƳϢϢء
Ӵ򿪣;ҶˣⷬζͣȥֻŴ򿪵ĺУһֻͨ巢ǧ򼡣
Ӵʱ˿ں﷭תӴ˸Ŀռ䣬һԼӣڲ¹Ţؼ
Ҷ񱾾Ͷκδ֪棬龰ԱߵһС֦Ҫ߶˵Ҳǹƣ
֦쵽һͱֹ
˵𶯣״̬
Żû˵꣬ͼոջĳӣͻȻѳڣȻ󲻶ˡ
ףҶδղϨ˴һ˼ð˳ֿ֦һضѵ򼣬Ѿˡ
Ҷ˵˵֮ôôͽˣ
ע⵽ɫ仯ǹƳ棬ķǱһЩͬʱָ֮ǽа㲻򼡣
ҶգգۣڻϿİָ֮ľӵкܶŵ򼡣
ûüϹ²⣬һ֮ǰһŵ˵ǿǶԵġ
˵ͷԵһ䣬Լзɱ
ŵķɱֻ֮Լ˵߶ɸϣ˵ҶֻΪ˻㡣
Ҷ߼ٶȼӿ죬ȻȥҶԾ˼뵽˻ȥ
ľ룬ѾҶһأ̾ʱҶֻصߡ
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Ҷ·»Ѿϰ߳ȻҶ˵ʱֻǵͷõӦҶֱŻŷɱķȥ
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֦ҶïռΧľռ䣬ʮֻһһ֦պγһŵģ
ûü̾һֳܳڴϣɻ󷨴Ҽδƹôûˣ
·ἰб⿪ɽϵ󷨣УѾˡ
ûüϸţۼ⣬ָһ˵Ѫ
˳ָĵطȥΪڵûʲôֲȫǺɫҶָĵطһոðͷ̲ݣϹһĨɫ
ȿ߽鿴˲֪Ѫһ̲ϵģֻһ㣬Ѫδɡ
жϣѪδɣʱ䲻ǡ
δ˵һƿХֱָţһö
СģʱֻһģĶߡ
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֦ɵһ룬ƿٴδֻεİһ֧֧
ҶϽһ㣬ȥⲨҶ֦ϣ˹Ȼ⣬ץĺʻ
֮꣬ҶƶնöͶղվ֦ϡ
ûûˣ
Ҷ̾꣬ƻظղλã֦ϵļö˳˼öҶ񽫰ָ⣬Ȼֱĵط
̤֦һִХ˾λã
ҶսʱӲɾ裬ڰʱҶѾԤλãͷûص˦˸ղżİ
ϡǰӵҶ˦ûܣԾֱһľҲ֦⣬Ҳ֦Ǳŷˡ
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Ҷ˶ͻϮ󣬼ӿٶ׷ȥûӦʱһŰ
ˤʱµĵҶղһţѪҶ֮أŲ˼ϣʣ𣿡
˲˵ղŽУҶͿ˵Ĵ·Ľ̵Ĵš
ûлشҶʣĽɽ
˷ӦԹĿҶ񣬡˭
Ľ̾۲ֱڽϹԲͲ꾹Ȼоܣȵǣ飬ϱвˡ
ҶͷӸµĿŵϵˣҽҶƽһûشҵ⡣
ϵѾܸоѪѾˣͷһ֣ҪҧƲڿеĶҡ
Ҷڻ̾ʱ̫Ḻ̌˵·һҶ֪ҪɱſĲסá
պʱ˹ǸղԼҶ˵
㿴ϵˣֿҶ񣺡ʳʲô𣿡
ҲǸչȴ֪ʲʲôģĽ̵ʿץסҪôԾҪôֿܾҲſڡ
˵ȷʵˣҶ˵˵ѨȻ˵Ҳ˷ʱ䡣
˵Ҷֶź˼ţ֪Է飬Ľ߲ƣҪ쵽С
ҶĿĺȷܽ⻨϶صĽҩ⣬ѰҩЩ谭ҪС
ӸĹƳԼ壬󷨱ƣٵǰǱɱֵˣûһʾʣҲУһ·ŮóĬ
Ҷһ˵ֱӵͷҡ
˵תߣϣҶѨˣͻȻЦ
Цü˻ͷĿҶЩѨ޷ҪǿгѨ˼˵ܹһţӸߴ䡣
ĲҪˣ
ЦʱѪڼ˻ͷʱ˶ߣ;㲻Ǹ㾯治Ҫ£㲻֪ôȻ赲µһ͵ĳƺעڴˡ
ǿƿѨñѪӿһ˵Ѫĭӿ
ֱָ߱ĻＤаģҡͷȰαһ֮˼ƽϡ
˵߰ɣĪҪһ֮˼ƽϡ
˵ͷŴ·
·ϻҶŻǰΪԼ·Ϸҩ岻ôʹпʱ˼
˵ղ˵赲𣬶˵ЩĽ̾۲ŵˣ۲ŵкγԹ
ҶԽϵĶԹԹ˽⣬ҲСɽδӴ粻֪
Ψ˼Ƭ̲˵Ľ޷ɧϱʿȴδŸţԸΪŵֻӦ
˵Ӧֺ־ԣӦǻŵɴ˿ȷǾ۲ŵˡ
˴ҶͻȻ̾˵ĹĽ̵£˵Ľ̽Ϣ£ʼȨڶҪ̲
˵ϢҲԣĽĴʵ൱ĸ˼˭Ҳ޷ȫ̲˭
ҶеĻ㣬ǰ鱨ϢҪˡ
Ҷ߲Ƚǰ˵
ɽŴһСǰС
˵ҸǴ߹ģܿٵС
ڽĴų˽ǷⲻֽԣȷʵŮ˶˷ݹػϴŹƳʼŵɫԽš
Ů˲֣ԸŶ¹ʱĵҲԸƲ֣˻뿪š
ţһֱἰĸǣкܶ硣
˵ɶҽΪڼŵھţǰа˸磬Ƕܳҡ
룬ԭǱųģֲǳʱԸ
ҵйĳڣ·˵Լ͸ǵ¡
Ҷ˵λʱʱǹȾһСȻǿһͬ顣
ҶҸ̾Ҫиͺˣ
仰ᣬҶڻĻУҶ˵СʱһˣҪ˾˹Сݣƺ޾¶أ
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ű˸κΣҶһĳ־Ǹǣ뻨ؽƿأػɣӦúúñҶ
˼ǧҵ˼Ҷ˵Ҳ㹲ѣ鳤㼸꣬ԺǾֵƣͽҸ硣
ҶŻ˵ڸֺҶüͣ½Ųе㲻ĵľܾҪ
Ҫʲ

Ҷܾԭ򣬸ſڣ·žʹ
ŵ𾪺Ͳš
ҶϸȥȻ˳ŵĿ⣬һѪˣԱ߻ɢһЩʬ崩ŵĴ졣
߼Сǰ̽
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һԣ̴л񣬳嵽ʬ˵е߳ϣôᡭôᡭ
˵˸о˵ȥŲĵɽȥ
ȻĽɽǲ⣬δȴȼʬ壬ҶЩ𾪡
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ҶʶĻסĻҪŨҵѪζǲ͸ܲġ
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ǰԺŴ󳨿ʬԺ䣬ʬǴƬ漴ȥ޺磬磬硣
ôҲû뵽ղŻ·ϱҫĸǣȻһ߾߱ʬ壬Ӧĸǣô޺ҲӦ
ųʲô⻤
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ҶǱѰҩģȴδ뵽ɱҾ磬ҶȻϲŵһ˼ǲ̣Ҷ̾ΰοʱŵѪС磬ͻȻһ
ͻϤ˲񣬱ϲ̧ͷյСԱߣỽС磿
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⻰˵ü˵ֿ˼һһȫȻûϢŵ˵ȴһֱûȵڣԱߵҶԣ̽̽ѾûϢ
Ҷٴҡͷٴ̼ܵŷйбʹ
͸ССӣصŵĴ䣬˵ԩþòɢ
ڴӲԶİɽһѨǰһȺˣΧŶѨ̽ʲôͷһŮˣϸ鿴ŶѨ󣬻עŴ䣬úŹ˹ǣ澹Ȼлڣǰ²
ŮԵʮˣȫĽ̵װһŮ˷ʺȥ
˵һ֣ʩչṦһԾȥ
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İѵʽͬһ̣ķֱͷᵶܲͬڽɱˣ̵ǰѸ־ԷҲ͵Ϯ
İѵʽ䲻ͬȴһԣâˣһɱ˵ĵ
˲ǴӵﶴѨڿʼģŮڶѨû쳣תͷ˻ڲ̲סȰˣٸɾȻỹҪѪ
ɳŻӦѪۣմѪҲֻۣɾάַâ
Ů˲õⲻ˵Ļνˣֻɱֻ֣Ҫɱ˾С
Ȼ˻ͷҲģʵѪŮΪضѪȾţôλҪ֡
ΪѪŮ޵ӦЦЦǼòģʮأҲû¹ĺۼһЦԷ绪
ڳΨһҿЦˣֻĵӦ˵ѪմҲöģ˵ܲţʮ߰ʱǲɱ˵ġ
û˵ֻЩ󻹲ȾѪһʼɱ˱ͣ
뵽⣬зѪĹ⡣
Ӧܸܵ˳µķӦĹ֣֩ޱƺֽȻ෴뵽ɱ˵ģͬħŮƺŵӦҲͷƤ顣
ӦԼޱǮϵĽףҲ̸պʱºҵˡ
ҪҵĲ˽صĻأӦ˳䲻ɱ˵Ĵ䣬ΪľɱһˣԸǲд·Ǳ·ӡ
Ӧһڶ
ǵͷӦתͷԵޱ˵ֻҪҵĿĴɣ˵ٶҩ㡣
ӦӦĳŵӦһ˵꣬ѨĻؿһصŻ


56 
յõϣǵϲûûüתϣϣٴʧȥ
ʧȥ֮ˣٶʧǶпԭҶſйȰȴҶ˹ˡ
߲ˣһҶ˵ˣṦ׿
˵δжǵѡ
Ҷ񣺡Ľ̵ɽĺۼ
룬δ
Ҷǵ˵Ľʮ˸Ƕ֣ϸаڰ˵ĵޱĽݲţǰﾢС
Ҷһ·ɽʬ壬ŮٶУԸţ˵ɱ¾ֻ˵Ÿɵó
Ҷ˿书Ļͳʹţߵ㻹ܴô
Ҳо˿ΪҶǿˣܲս˹գϣġ
ִʱİߵȻܡ
ҶźʬǿϧûгֵĻˣǼȻϲɱҲо
Ҷ˵ͽһֱĽ⽣˾Ψһģ˾˵ģϧһֱòţʶУûһ˼ѽӡ
߰ɳգҶѽģ˿Ҷ⽣סʥУʼ⽣ģ
ֱҶ⿪óʱЩţֹ㶼Ҷºڣ˵Ľɽ»߶ΪҶ񱳵˭Ҳû뵽ҶóľһĽ
ûнʣֻн״һģ׻߱ĺ壬ҶͣʱҾ˾˸ң߲õʲôôýΪ֮Ϊýˣɡ
Ҷ˵ִƣ޺âȴʯеĹͨ͸Ө⣬Ҷɷ
Ҷ˵˽Ϊ񾩡
һ˵꣬ҶŲŽͳ⡣
ڱеţҲ֪Ʊ˵ĳˣ޵ĻȼգŮһʮ˿ˣĿǰδߣȻţһҪ
˵ȥۿ죬Ź򲻺ã˿ʧȥǣȥֻңǰסų·Ȱ⴫ҽС
ҶմѪ񽣣˻
մѪ͸ŹУҶ̤ڵһǣвûҵò
Ṧ֪Ǹ֣ҶȥƬ̱ὣٶʵ̫졣
ʣߺˡ
ҶأĽ̵ˡ
ʣǶɱˡ
ҶȾѪĽ˲أûѪѾѪԼļ֡
ҶҡͷֻǵֽŽҲɱˡ
ҶĽͣԭסţǲ⣬Ȼε˵ڵϣֽŶѪǲδʹ
ߵǰʣҵɱģ
˸ǻἸȫŲʹŵҲǳĬӣеĺѾٽ㣬ذףݺȥ
ذ׻ɽõġ
ҶǸų㿴ذǼѾ
߹ȥסţ㲻˵а˸磬ֻĸǻš
⻰һ¸ϣһ侲һ¡
еϣȴŵĽ̵˵ǻ˻ţϽнأ׷Ҳˡ
˵л˻ţһ»нȥɸ߼ͻȻ뵽ԼҲûʲô£æתߵҶǰҶ֣⼸Ҷ񹦷ߡ
ŶҶ˵ˣҪʲôǶ㡣
£ѰͶ˵ҶǻҪ˸ҩҶѹûǾ͵ͷӦ
ҶӦʣŴż˸нء
˵ĽھסİɽϣһҶֻ֪λãȴδȥ
ŴδһνнؾǼ֤˵
ǸĽ̵˵ûȷʵҴˣǻȥˣѾ򿪣Ǹϵʱһȵᵽ̽ţպÿţʲôҲֹˡ
һк˽˵ע⡣
õ̽Ŵŵ˰γĿתϣлڡ
ֽĿŵϣһҲˡ
˵ޱֽĿƵʶҶͻϣҶʱޱëͷСӡ
Ŀڻʱޱˡ
ޱʱиΣȡһòǵŮˣɶŮʲôòȴûоֱȥ˽żȻһ
컭īʦĵ˱ؽҽؽĶŮޱ뽻⸱͸ޱ
ޱֻŮ˶ɿþ˱㽥Ůغϣ˼ɼޱŮӣǣὣݷؽҽ
ʱڽѾСؽҽĹԽӼֻͣǶʱؽί̾Ϣ
ؽʱ˵ģҲ֪СŮ⣬ÿ׵࣬ŮҲҳƢŹ֣ȻŻ˭Ϊժü֮ϵĻú컨ͼ޸˭֮ʲô˶ȥ𣿡
ؽֻ˵˵ޱȴͷĵִ̫ʢΪ֮ϲΪ壬ޱ̤ȥ֮ϵ·;һ˫ȴӼ֮ػú컨ʱȴ⵽ؽۣ˵Ůзϡ
˫ȣޱ緢꽣ͱ˽˿е֩ɱˣһɱ֣ȴûؽҽȥǸıһȴδˡ
ǰĻ뻭ϵغϣȻװȷʵÿնҪĦĻˣĻɣ˿˺ѻֽǰ
ޱ˵ʲôȴ޻˵
Ƕڿ絹غҪƵҪ˹ȥ
Ҷ֪Ŀ꣬ߵס
˵ὣ嵽ޱԱߣȣİѵǵޱû
ҶὣֱָޱţͻȻѣٶּ죬ü˷ӦޱҶеİ񾩣¶棬Ҳǽֽͣǵһμ񽣡
֮У·ҶֻһԱߵŴץͿ˻ǽʱλá
Ŵ绹δŲʲô
֪һĽ֡
Ҷ˵㡣
Ŵ˵־ѣ֪⼸ǺԼһģ˭
ҩģû뵽£ܾһһˡҶ˵ֱס
ŴҶ˵ҩʱ׹Щҩġ
˿еҩһֻܽٶĹƳ棬ֻнⶾЧû紫ΰٲô档
ŴʣҩΪ¡
Ҷ˵ⶾ
ŴһⶾһѸоԼ޽ҪһΪԼѰһ·
ŴҶ˵ȫܱǣұ㽫ⶾҩ㡣
ΪǴ·ҶҪ˵Ҷԥûá
õҶ϶شŴӻóһӣʥܽٶĹƳ棬ǽأһֱС
Ŵ罫ӵݵϣⶫֻûã㲻ԡ
Ҷ϶һŵǧ𡣡
Ҷһ䣬ŴֻгûнĵҶѰȴһŮ˵
һʼͱǺԵŮˡ
Ů˳Ҷǵķ򣬡СҶŹˣô
ϵŮӣɽ·Ư㣬ߵ㣬Ůӿܴ׳ľסء
ŷߺ޵ĴȡǴʣ˾кޣ㾹´˶֣
ӦЦЦȻУһƵĳùƶⱲӵˣҵȻҪۡ
Ӧ˵ˣʶжϣϵʬӦǰһѵұϡ
ų˺Ȼ޻
Ҷ˵˵˺֮ˣҪҲóһȥȫ̫ˡ
ӦɱһˣΪ𣬵ͷһҪɱˣһζ󻼡
Ҷ˵ˣûδʵֵɱ˽ڣֻаħŻôɣ
Ҷ˵аħӦЦˣСֵŲ֪ǰųʱͱ˽СħŮаħҲνֻİ
ҶӦ˵ͨҲЩϾ˳࣬йѾΣִֻͽ͡
ҶлŰ񾩣ŮִҪҪŵеɱŮˡ
ҶӦӦûǸû˫ȵĵ֩ȴˣѸ٣ĿȷƵǰ
ý˻ǰ棬ޱ֮ϣˣԸ˻ãֶԾ
ڵޱ߲Ȥбߺֱǰۼ־Ҫ㣬ȴҶϡ
ҶڸӦ̸ܳţ뿿ĵޱɫ
ҶŵޱһѪŭݣǰһ


57 
ҶŵޱһѪۣŭݣǰһ
ޱǿӦߣûסȴһ˵ס
㱻סޱҲֻһˣŻ㼱ȷϣǻ𣿡
Իؽ󣬻һֱѻؽǿӸ֣ȻĬҶ㣬Ҳ˶졣
ڵޱڴĿУ侲ҡͷ񶨣Ҳǣҽ¡
õ񶨵ĵޱȻţźͻһܴŲͬޱǹִΪԳµˣĻˡ
ޱţƶǰ૵ǣ
ޱ˵ǰһ룬ûлӦĿ϶Ϊڵޱһ̣ҶҲˡ
Ҷհ񾩣һǰֱϮޱѨֵļ϶˵һԾŶҵľ棬ѾǸˣ
Ҷ˵ļ϶ѳʮУ˺һЮаԵޱʧȻҶֻ÷أѰ˿϶뷴Ҷ⣬ޱȻһθо⡣
ޱִһѵҶ£ΪеİѵʹǣԷһȴĶĵơ
꣬ǿ
Ҷ񵥷ѹƱȣõޱ˳ԶźݻҪɵޱȴҲֻʱĻɱû׼
˵ޱҶƷŻŰֽ˲õУԽţϾɱˡ
ҶŻĹõޱԴϢĵޱ֪κʱ򶼲ܷҶڳֳѳ
ִָһѣһѼ⴦
ҶʱӴ˫˫һȵִ˵İѵҶĿڵޱĶ̵ϣͻȻҪޱдһ뷨
ڵޱ鵶ʱҶðд뷨ֱݻΪͣ٣ޱ״̬
˶ԾڳŻʬ⣬Ŀⶼ۽֮ϡ
ڰ˵ĸ֣һԾǸնҶѹŵޱĽǱߵ˸ޱ򣬻ʤһ
ӦȤȻ
Ҷϴºֲͣ²ҶʦţҶֵСС͹˵ãʦǸ˲Ĵ
ΨлҶҪޱǣ֪Ҷ书ߣɵۣǹþֵܵһ˺㵣Ҷˡ
ڳ뷨죬ΨҶƵĵޱڴ
ޱŵϵǴ䴦ϿʣµڵƶҶŵޱöϵƶе塣
ʧȥ˫Żߣϰڽϻһϯ֮أ˼ʹͬҲǸֵ𾴵Ķ֡
ΪղŶݽֱѹƣޱԴҶ棬ϰѹء
ҶΪʾԶֵأһֱ۲ޱĶ˿̼ʧȥ˫űƽ״̬ѹӣܶ
ţǱߵĵޱͶˣֻٻʣĶ̵ԵأֽſҶȥ
ޱѸ٣գۼ͵ҶǰǿҶҲֻһӰƾӰλãжϳޱķλҶƿޱĵҶղվλá
ޱϮҶĵǰѸжĶ̵һպ󣬵ޱжϳҶλãһֻŵѵϮҶ
ֻޱȽ⴦ᵶ׸ߣԭλֳͷҶ̣Ҷܿޱһɣն̵ĵؽͷٻʣճֽסղ׸ߵᵶסĵޱĵ£ֱҶ
Ϊܿͷ棬ڵޱᵶʱҶ񻹴״̬ʱҶܸܵɱ
ɱȵķâʢ
ۿҪ£ԹսĻŵĽеСġ
ڻͬʱҶֱջӽס˵ޱĵ棬ͬʱ˫أŻûվȣޱһֻܵĶ̵ָ
Ҷȳֱ˵ޱٵޱǿƷƵתҶ񱻱ˡ
սֱ任һֻԼ˵Ŷ±ʹۿս֣˵һĵҶĻ㡣
߽ڵޱʼʱ߾ڻԱ߽ޱʽ
˵ޱ˫ȰڳˣԷ볣ƽӶԾΪר̡ϰ֮һȣ̲һнɢɳ
䲻书һͻ׹ޱӿʼĶҶλãҶ̲Ⱥ¶
㲻ϣҶ£֮Ҳ̸ϡ
ŽҶ͵ޱսзֳ񣬡ӺܵҶֵܣ
ֻҶ񣬾ֻܿӰأ֪书Ȼǡ
ߵһɣҵӲعڵǣҶֵȻЩʵҿޱȻǿҶֵ˵Ҫ㡣
Ϊˣƽŵȴ˵ٻҲǸи֣ʱ˶ԾǱף˷عڵǡ
ߵ˼һ£治¡
ʱսѾʮֽţ˴ѷ֣ԻĿѾֱ治˭˭ֻײĽ֮
ڡ۵һײ󣬱ѵʼҶѹƵޱʱޱֵ⵶ʱͳƣ˿̶ѳµҲ˶ԾĽ֡
ޱõԿͳ治ʤʱƻסܣҶһ죬Ҷ죬ϾСʽ䲻⹥̣ҶСȴ򣬴Ӳð
סԶ
ѣޱƬʧ񲻿ţһΪҶץסһޱ󣬽ѪɽҶѧŵޱַ׿ջֳ֣õޱ֮ʻޱһֻ֡
Ҷþζϵޱֽޱû˫ȫ˫֣ʱֽȻս
սܵĵޱڵϣѪΪԼû˫ܿ˫ٴ漣˿Լ˫ֱһ֮ǰϵˣܽܵġ
ޱ覴ѣ㲻ɱҡ
Ҷ˵ޱմѪޱõʱҶصǰ½ϵȻϵѪޱҪʱҶҪʱɱˡ
ǡӦҶ⻰ӦղŻ˵Ҫɱ˵ɱˣѽƱ䡣
ҶѽѪøɾӦĻֱӽָ쳤ô˵ô˵ղĿڻˣȫ壬ܹҪۡ
ҶָӦӦûžȶһӦ
Ӧδ²ԭĲ£Ľ̽ʮ꣬ķѣĴȨӦϸ²üƳ۲־۲ţγԭ۲ŵ˳ҪĿ⻹ų켺˼
Щ˻̬Ӧ⣬ֻǰʤýģһˡ
һǽʮ͵ˡ


58 
ԶΨеޱ˷м䣬սܺĲţͬеĽûһ˽ǱӪ
ӦҶýģһغϣ˳䶼һɲʱ̬ģ߶ͬ
ֻһͻȻĸоӦĸоɽһǻҲʱţֻǾˣյȻ˵˾סĵط
ӦǸ뵽ʲôˣȾֱˣҶʣ½֮ʲôˣ
½֮һ߶𾪣˲Ÿͻᱻĸ׵Ҳһȴֻ֡
Ҷͷ½֮֮ǰʲôʲôɽׯͦģҲڽĹУΪʷ
Ҷ񽣼ֱָӦ֪ӦʱͻȻһɵΪΣܷɾ衣
Ҷüëһ罣ҲЩһ½֮˭ʶҲҪͻȻתƻ

Ҷδ˵жѪ⣬ʹ벻ʹڳ˱ͻȻ䶯תߣֻų˲ʱ˵ϵĶϵϵ̽ս⣬˱жĵޱ࣬̽λú͵ޱͱŴһλͬ
̽ޱʱΪýһѪ֮ǰӴϵѪһѪˣɱޱʱֺֺޣȥΪɲ
ޱŵɱ磬ɱҲ޿ɺǣҶŵޱԭҲҪŴģֻĽֱǰѸˡ
ҶľȻһֱӦӦҲŵϺŵĸ֣ӦͻȻѣֻҶˣӦδ֡
ڿɱ˵ޱ󣬾ȻЦˣû뵽˳ΪĵޱȻһѾͷƬӵϡ
ڵ̽ޱʱһɿ⣬˱ɱıʹᶨĿӦɱ˵ףһ㡣
ҶǾӦţⳡԹУǶˣû˭ŸзȨ
Ӧ£뿴һޱǸĶԾˣԹս壬Ӧͷģôһ˵ȤһΪϵھ
ӦЦ벻ı飬ȻӦţãҵ㡣
Ӧ˵һ֣µ˻Ӧһء
Ӧǳʱߵʣ׷𣿡
Ҷ룬Ÿղŵ˼ҪԼǱˣΪѰҩˣʶһͰǲڣҲ¡
ӦǳδڣֱֱֻעӦ뿪ķͬʱԱߵĵޱδѪ䶯
ţعͷŵޱϵУŭ
ڵźͳʱŲһʱȻ󵨰費һԲϻ¹ƣȴǻߣҲԸǽҩ
ҲϮڵ飬ɳ޵ƲҲһˡ
Ź
һˮȴ򶨵ħͣ㣬ͻȻе㲻֪롣
Ҳ˵ѪУޱע⡣
Ѫʹоʶһ˿˿ȴԸ۾ȴˡһеĵԴͷֻޱãδûɡ
λδ꣬˻һֱδѪмѷû˫ȣûֻ
ޱȥеã˵ĿˣϲŭֵԴȪ
ޱʣ㡭ǡ𣿡
ޱ뻨վľ벻Զţܿ˾룬ҶҪֹ
룬ޱڵйأվҲҪˣǰȴִ·ϣǸ緢Ľ͡
ǰ˵ޱǰޱͷһȴһңԶ
ޱľ룬ȻһһټᶨҡС顢㡣
ᶨõޱɽ
ϺĻ㣬ֻº͵ٴ˵Լ֣ҽ¡
º͵õޱеĻɣǻ˵ġ
˵Ҳ֪Ϊλҵɻ㣬治Ǹ֣ҲҪƫִΪҾ
ȰԽ˵ޱԽǰ˺غϣξѾʵˣȥһ㣬ɿѪAˣֻ࣬ˣ֤һвΡ
ޱбۡ
Ҷһֱ³ʣڻ㿿ޱʱһֱվԱ߶ŵޱޱǵһֵģȻҲ̽˵ޱϢ
㿴Ҷ̽ҶϢ˵ˡ
Ҷ¶ۣ̾˿˹๼кο̾
û˵ŵϵޱǧٴζϧɴĽǶȿȥҲһˡ
û˵Ҷ߿ŵǵʬҲʵڲ֪˵ʲôɱ˵ޱıȥ١
߻ʬԣƬ̶Ҷ˵˵Ҵ㵽ʹӦ£ڲҪҰ£ֻҪ¡
ʱҶĵһ¾Ż˸ҶĽɱȫ̫ҲǿԵģµŵԣҲ÷ڡ
Ҷ˵˵
̻أһ£Ұ˵塣
ҶЩ⣬ɱĽ̵׼ˣæ壬¾Ų˵Ҳæ
ȻҪҶֻ˶࣬ȫѾǵڶ죬ѰһƬյؽȫڴˡ
ܼķذͷƤͬʱ־ܲõɽ꣬ˢɽѪˮѪڣض˺ɫ
̫˺󣬼Ѱ˱ĵطǴһͤ
߿꣬һʱͣˡ
ӦߵǻĿԣ·ۣϰʱҲǿŰæûл˯ȥѾǼˡ
ҶŻԣתԵţȻڲ̫ʱˣΪⶾ
˼ڵ飬Ҷôʿνʮֿ
ŵĿϵתϣתҶϣӦһҾⶾ
Ҷ˿㡣
ʹţҪʱ˵㲻£ǿ
Ҷ֪ǹ˼ͷģŵ˵
ſҶᶨҪΪͽ
ţ
ŴµĳŵתΪҶվŵĽǶһҪæ𣬿ѾûһҪġ
żҶûӦԼ˵ˣѪԱİЩҵ֮ҵΣˣҪԱϴˢҵǿ洫Ҷܸ𡣡
ŵĻ޲ҶȴûӦŰǰˬ죬ȻͽܣΪͽȴδġ
Ҷͽ˼ʱȫΪԼ滮ĺͼҵûͽܲУȻһΪ棬ͽܺҶһθУոͽܣô򵥣ҶԸæ
ҶδشֱӹҶǰ͵ͽʦ
һҶŵúһûžôɴֱӹˡ
ʦҶûлӦŻΪʦΪϰ临𣬿ųͽǲԸԼͽܻڳС
Եʱ벻ףǲԸ
ͬ˿ŰΪʦһϴӦҶֵΪһܵӣӦŹﶨΪӽⶾⲻһֱ
һμҶȴУҶһֱ޾ηֻǰвˣͬʱҲ֪ҶȻηɶκ¶Լļ⣬˿ӦţȻ˼
߶Լ뷨뿪Ҷȴֽʦ
ȹҪҲᶨ
˵Ź︴УĽ̫β
ҶʣΪҸΪͽ𡣡
ΪҶ˼˼ֻǽŹﱾ¡ɵ뵽ʱͻȻҶֵΪβ̴Ӧˣ˼꣬ԸΪĿĵ޲ţҲǵŵı⣬Ҷֵܿȴ֮·
ȻҶ֮ġ
Ҷ֪룬ҲìܵģӦĶܽ⣬Ҳһ·ģôӦţֲԸ
㿴ҶľᣬԿοҪңıġ
⻰ҶӱģĴ˿̵ıģȻȾ㡣
˾Ҷŵƽӣƽ˵ҵͽҪ𣿡
ҶŵضһֱǵΪ֮¹Ƶ¡
˵Ҷ룬֮⣬ϣҵͽܲʲô¶ֹۻкޣԹҲϣ㼫ˡ
һ仰ҶٲȻʦѵͽܵΪͽĻ˾˾˵ġ
б䶯˼ࡣСʱͿ޺λͼʱľ˾˻ͷ˵ϣֳܿɳ
ֻӱҶգˮĴ۾˵ҲֵԴȪ
Ʋײ޴죬Ҷʵе㶮СʱΪʲô˾˻ڽûоʵ̸ο֡
ڼҲ⵽Ҷ˼ں˻ߵĽʦ
Ȼߵס
ûаʦʽҶȴαҶ󻢺Ϊͽʱʽ࣬ŽʦעΪͽܡ


59 
ǴҰƽԭһ۹
Ҷƿһǿ棬ͷ˵Ƭƽԭ͵ˡ
лˣϵĶѽ⣬ֻ農ɻָɫǰ١
ԴӽҶʦԵòˣҶ;ҶȵҶ󻢺ڣҶֱꡣ
ߣȷⶾްҶȥƽ·ңΪӱ֮ܰճȥɽһ뿪ˣǿݹҲûȥһۡ
ߺҶֱӻǧɽҲкЩûͽˣ֪߽ǵĹ
ȥҶ뻨һͬǰҶ뻨ؽƵĻ㣬޸ĸûȥӦһȥǧɽ
Ҷ񻹱˺ɣ˵ͽֲܴʶҪ˽̵Լʫ뻨æ
ҶѰҩԼȷʵ޴ȥӦҶ룬ȥǧɽǰظĸλ
ӦͬһǧɽҶ͸ˣȥݣҶҲҪ˶೤ʱ䣬ܼǡ
һ̤ȥݵ·̡
·Ҷ룬һȥˣǧɽϵ˾׳
ݳǣɡ
ҶԽֱ߷СܸȤһ·ͣͣһǮʱסˣҶһҪýڼϴĪԨõǮȥɽֻʣһˡ
ˣȻȥ¥ʲô˳׬ǮĻƣĪԨǮ¿һʡ
ҶſǮ׬Ϳ˲٣·Ҳ
Ҷ·ͻȻ磬ı仯ôˣ
Ҷ˵㸸ĸλȥ¥
֮ǰҶ˵ȥ¥ʶ¥ˣò̾ļżĪԨһǳѣҶȥһξܺĪԨϽ飬ڽҫһ
ڽţٹﶼԻĿд󵨵ĹʣļҵĹӡ
ҶЩĿⲻ淳˵Ů֣ôͱˡ
ûҶ̫ãǺܿͱȥˡ
ݽвٴĽˣҶһ·˼Ҷ飬һǵ̸۵޷¡
һؽ߱ʦɱͬ¼¶ηɱɴʥҽؽҽؽҽͻؽϵڽ㷺ʩҩؽҽڶԭïïԶھͷ·뻨ؽᣬͼֻҳûһͳֵ鱻¶Ļؽ⣬˶鱩¶ǰüתǮƣڽѾ伣Ѿ˱ïï·
ϱïï·ֵ˶˵ǰԶھͷֵ治ֵǮڽһĸ֣Ǯû˻ȥ
Ҷ뵽Ҳͦģ˵ïï·ҲɴȥҰ棡
ѾؽҽĴſڣؽҽĽ˿ľȻڣַǷؽҽĵʩҩ
ҶҲţͷҶֵܴҽȥ
ҶҶֵܲĵƲ죬ֵܣҲܣصҪĳƺҶҶ֣Ҳ̫ϲȥˡ
ܲƺҶûƴǣžʹŻ㷭ǽؽҽ
ؽҽ󲿷˶ʩҩԵ壬ҶŻĿȷֱǰסСԺסڣл͵͵ĸλ
Ҷ񵽻ǰסĵطᳵ·ؽҽ˲Žؽҽæ㷿û˿ޱ䶯
Ҷֱ¹񣬻ĸλ¹İ㶯У¹Ա߾Ҫ¹ȴҶס
Ҷ˵¹ˡ
㱻ҶĻһԺ˾ͷɾ裬ôҲ벻¹ˡ
㿴Ҷѯʣô죿
Ҷ񽫻󣬲¹űߣ͵¹š
ſֻû·¹һŮŮſˣֵſŵҶ
ŮҶʶ֮ǰźŮ̡
ڶݵľֺϳҶ񣬸˵ʱҶĻ㡣
ܻ˴װ̻һ۾ϳ㣬Щ֮ϲĽеС㣡
ؽݣϣҲС㡣
󣬻ֺΪλ¹ڣڶʲôô
̲ԼСΪλԼݣСˣʵ˵ˣӹؽҽΪС˴ˣǻҪǣ鲻뿪ؽҽǲ뿪鲻Źɱģװ뿪͵͵鹬ȻǷֹȷʵɱǱɱġ
̵ʵҶͻһ˶в²ԻؽԸֶôҲɱȴûǽµ֡
̼˵ռ֤ݽ¶Уб֣͵˹ƵĶҩѾɱҲ˶书ȫʧƴȫ˳ûطȥֻжΪ֪Сһġ
ɻ󣬡Ϊλ϶һ
Ϊ˵Ŵλǹӽ̣Ӳλĵһұ֪
ؽ֪뵽ʲô
˵ΪûϱҺ͵С޸ĸǱ£ǵĸǲΥ֪ҲǿˣǹΨһ롣
ˣǱ
ùλϿҵлл
̴ʱȥ֮ǰĽᣬӲлң֮ǰҲ֪ܷһŵʱȵӡ
Ըо̵Ϣ̫˳ɫҲ԰ֽ
ҶõλѾߴ٣õˣ߰ɡ
λ˿¹̣ٴҶ񣺡̡ܷ
Ҷ˿̣ǻؽˣָ㰾ҩҶܲϲ˲λ£Ҳе֪ҶֻǴȥҲѡ
ҶͷӦм˵лл
ҶֲˣҲ˵лл
סˣҲ˵лл𣿡
Ҷ˵ҰΪҸˣ˵ллġ
Ҷ⻰̫ⲻˣظֻԵΣת˻⣬û뵽ؽȻڽϣ
ҶѾȹ𾪣ʲôֵģһ;ýǺˣְ̫ˣڻؽ߱ʦ֮˱ͽɱֻ˵һУѭӦˬ
Ҷ˽Աߵ̵ͷȷʵģѰѩνסũлʲôʮëׯЩ˾ǽġĿǽǻҺ͵飬ٶС֮¡
תԽ˼ĵüͷ壬˼ȴҶߣЩʲô
Ҷȴʱ﷢ֵЩʬԭǱɱڡͬʱ룬Ǹ˫Ӣۣƻ˽ļƻ㣬˿Ӧúܸмңм벻ң
ţã
Ҷĵ̾꣬Ż̳ؽҽ
ǽʱԭؿؽҽʩҩ˳ŲתĿ⣬ʣʦ˵Ҳʡ
㵹ƽ⣬̹
ȥŮݣͬʱָŶ˵ŹҶֵܵͽܡ
̿˿ֿ˿Ҷ룬Ҳһ󣬾ͽˣ֪书ãղּ˰﹫ӣе׵ΪҪڷУˡ
û˸ĸλڰС
ҶɣҪȥĪԨ׬ǮҶ˵ͽѽΪʦȥ档
ʵҶɣ书ʦ˵˴棬ҲΥǵͷ
ҶȥӦҶҪǧɽæ̵ͽܣȻϣ룬˻档
û߼ŻͷؽҽſʣЩʩҩǲر𣿡
Ѿڰ£Ƴɡ
ҶóĿǻصҲһֻرؽҽͷҽȴҽ練ɡ
ҶؽҽۣȷʵˣؽҽĽѾ޹ˣؽҽѣӽԺҪԼ


60 
ҶһιӣС¥ſʱſ⡣
欣̬ģֳһʰ쵵ȣµĹҲ֦չֶΣòٷš
Ҷվ¥ſڣЩħһӲ˵ϴġ
ŵ˵Ȥָ˵ǸͦƯġ
Ҷĳ˳ǡ
ݵԶͿҶԱߵ£˽æӭǰλ濡
ߵý˻ȥµ߶ֻ£ѵüôĹӣҿǲǼٵġ
»û㣬ԱߵҶˡ
ҶȰݣӦ֡
ݸղһ۾ͿҶϴ뿪¥ˣƽóŵ˾Ȼݣصزȥ˵˸ǧɽկһ֪
Ǹصˣٴſ϶ǵ¥Ѱһô򵥣ҶĿתͬеΪ̽һ̽ڷ硣
Ҷ֣ЦˣҴʮ꿪ʼͲ֪ʲô֡
˵ɫʵ˵Сֵܣ¥ˣ
ղŵĽ̸ȷҶŲѰ֣һĨǵˣֱˡ
Ҷ¥ֵſڣ뵱ȻĪԨ
ݱҶ˿ɲʲô˶ܼģʱͻԨ鹬굹ΪһЩ⣬˻ߡ
뵽˺ԼȷʵЩ飬뻹ǰ˽ȥͬʱȥ֪ˡ
ʾ˺ܿ˵ĪԨڻͣȥ
ٴ̤¥Ҷϴʱͥ¥ڵƺ̣洦ɼ飬Ҷ˾˷绯Ͻȥµ۾
±ҶͻȻĶһʣ
Ҷ𵽣ӡ
˵÷ҵ۾
Ҷ񣺡νһߡ
£⻰˼㾭ֵط
ֻһʣ治ҶǮеֵط
ҶµʻֱԼϱǲǳȥȻƵĸо뷨ʱҶԼˣ½Լδֵطϴ¥ġ
תһԼΪʲôҪͣڽͺΪʲôҪ֮ʱҶתע⡣
ʣʦҲǵһΪʲôҼߣ
Ҷ񣺡Ҫ󣬳ῴֻ̬ǰӦ
ʦ˵ǣŲ֪ôһʦ˵Ҫµʦ˼ô˵ţ˵㲻䣡
ſ˿ˣǷʲôȻԼ뵽Ĳɣ
һ·ľ¥ϣԽϾԽ·Ҳţ¥õʱ¥¥㶼Ҫֻͣǽ⣬ҼλסϲΪ˽¥Ȱ˺þ˲ͬ⽫͡
˵ĪԨλҶȻ뵽ǸĪԨڴϴܵˣЩΣԱߵҶС˵
¥شĵضΣ¥ĿĺԨ鹬̽鱨ԴأĪԨȻص¥Ի˫Ŀ
Ҷµľ֮̾⣬ʲôΪ˹ظ¥ѣǵˣҪϵҲ취ժ
Ҷ˵ŻԺ˵صؿһۣ룬Ϊʲôͱأ
ڳûΪҶжǶ಻ʵʣ
̸ݴż˵¥㣬˵Ǳʲôһ㣬ȫ
ݲǵľ棬ڽͣҼصѰĸʯ˸ʯʹ
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Ҷ½ֻͣһͷ治׸ĪԨȻǮ
ƿһţһͷĲֻ֣Ϻϼ㣬Ҷϴϡ档
ҶͼĪԨĺкҶֵܺþòСĶû
ĪԨʵϴκҶֱʱʣҶԱߵ£ҪҪĪԨࡣ
Ҷ߻ûʵԱߵԼȿ˿ڣлĪģ°Ȼ
ĪԨһʱɻԼʵҶֵܻ£İӻش⹫ӵģЩ졣
ĪԨ¶˻ᣬԽԽϴδҴһƳĻ㣬һ뵽㣬ĪԨ׹ԭǻС㣬װûϳ
˵޷ұò
ô˵ĪԨ֪жн⴫ţһԭĪԨͬһ䷿˶ˡ
ҶǽĪԨʱĬｵԼĴڣ̸һʱͻȻˣٶȼĿҶ
˿Ҷ̷ӦȰǻסҲֻǻסûĶΪ䷿ĪԨһˣҶʶЩŮ֮Ƶң
ңֻǿٽҶ󣬲ֻʵҶ
ҶȻϵң׶֣ɶжⶼЩͷԣһ룬ϴ¥ݵģңûϳŷҲ˵뷨Ҷͷ
ҶͷûңݣձȻʲô˶ĬĿңĶ
ֻңȻͬʱʣҶʲô
ҶҶ
ң񶨣㲻ҶҶ񡣡


61 
Ҷһ˶סˣ뿴ңңֻҶĿԶڻʲô
Ҷڱңгһ̣ɻͬʱҲԳźֻ߹һˣŮ˾Ȼ׼ȷĽг֡
ҶûоȵңΪλ֪֣ѡĬ뿴ңô˵ô
ԱߵѾӦ֪ҶģδңҶңгɻ󣬲ֵѣûҶ߿˿
Ҷǰ߽û֪ҶֻǵĲϲԼ֣Ҷ˼·ʱ򵥺öʱ쳣ӣĥ͸
ڵң˵ҶʱĬΪ˵ĪԨδڣ˵עңϡ
ֻңڽгҶֺ󣬱׷䣬ҶλñȻһ£Ȼ˵ûǴĻʮˣǶʮ
ҶѾɻˣܺϴ¥ݼң⣬Ҷ񲢲ʶˣΪ׼ȷ˵ֻԼ˲Ż֪Ϣ
ҶʣΪλ֪ЩϢ
Ҷ˵Щͬʱµ䣬ңȽԶľ£ºֺܲĶ˵㣬ҿˡ
Ҷ˵ˣϻ⣬Ҳ֪ҶϰߣֻҪһ뵽ˮԱ߱ضˮݵϣ·ˮ֦¶һ㣬ƫƫÿҶˮζ¾ܾˣˡ
½ˮݵҶϣҶӹˡ
ңҶ̬ò˵ϴμ㣬ݣûϳ˾񡣡
ҶϡǵãҲֻ˾ˣ˻֪и˾ˣҶûžȶǷʣô࣬ƵˣôȷҾ˵Ǹˣ
ңݣղ˵û϶Ϊ֪˵һСϴμ⣬ûбǰѽȻϳˡ
ңᵽҶŵİɫ⽣ǰ񽣣ҵʱҲ鲼ŵġ
˵仹Ҷ˳ĻӦңͶĪԨĪѰյˣǰ
̶̵һ仰ҪάֱƽҶˣϴο˵յͬʱɹԼ书յϵڹķԨԴʱŻȥ˾˾͸ˣȴ
Ҷ߻ɻǱĪԨʳ˵ׯĺˣȷ
ңҶʮֿ϶ȷǰѽۿɽׯٷճĶӣ½Ὣ⽣ˡ
ҶңĽ֮ͣǰ֣ͻȻ֪ô򵥡
Ҷң˵ȥңҵ˽⣿
ңҶ鲻٣ʣԼ֪˾û߹㣿
Ҷ˵и˾ˣ˵ׯûκιϵ
ңʣ˾˽ʲô֣
Ҷ˵Ҿ˾ûֻ֣гƺţԼ޳
޳ĸһڳŶһڳ˭Ҳû뵽ʢԴ˾ȻҶľ˾ˡ
ݾȺң˾֣½֮
ֵҶˣ½ֻ֣֪֮һĸˣʧڽˣϴɽӦʹ½֮ʲôˣʱ˵֪ңȴ˵½֮˾ˡ
ֹҶң˵Ҷľ˾½֮ʱҲȲѣ½֮˭δʱȴ˵£һնƽ²ƽ£ǽ˶ֻͣǽֲ̫
帲ȫʧԼҲҰǸѾ˵ˡ
ʣԣ½֮Ѿˡ
ңᶨصûʱҲ˲ࡣ
ң̾Ϣһں󣬽ʱı˵˵˳
ң̻ĸ꣬һҼǲļԺŮֽڿʮһʱ˵ʱԺͷƹŮ
չԸȥȥҩץһЩӵĲҩ·µ飬ҩѾˣץҩҩ̾һһӣٱֻɫż
Ӿ½֮
½֮ҩֱ̾ҩˣҽҪˣҪ˭Ǵ򣿡
ҩץҩƻأȥҲţ˵Ĵȥˣûˣ
ңץҩ֪ҩ̻˵ʵ飬½֮ɫʵżңҲ֪ôģʹĿ˿ڣ֪ҲţҴȥ
½֮⻰ң·ңǰԺҹţ֪
ҵź½֮óƵǮòȥſǮҪߣңҲ˵һæҿ԰æ
½֮ûⷽľ飬ңһ˵͵ͷӦ·̫½֮ʩչṦǰУ½֮ʩչṦʱңΪˣ˻ǽԼľˡ
½֮һũᣬŸվȣľũﴫŮĲҽС
ũ򵥣ңƹһͿһӵŮ˻ǺʹڴϡǸϵˣһǸղܹľŶңȥˮ
ңֶ½֮˵ҰѼͲ˵Ůæµ
ңһ֪Ůӿôãôʹһһˮ컹ûڵҹѾȫʱ䡣
ңһˮڣòŽ˵ˣ˺СֻҪһ


62 
ũطСҼªŮӵĵطũֻһС½֮⣬ڲŽݺľ;ȴ
˵ֻܱһʱ½֮ճȭȻޱ侲˵ֻҪҽܻ
žḻ½֮˾֪ôңȥæңȥŵһˮʪ͸Ůˣɫ԰ףڸǲ
ң߽ȥʱ½֮˾Ůѱ۵ľúӽ٣½֮ľŮץŴʹ˵
ҪҺӻ֮ϣҪ
Ů˵⻰ʱޱȼᶨ
ò޴֡
Ǳ½֮˵ΨһˣҲ
ŮڱʹĥȰɵ֮⺢Ҳˣһţֻںʧȥ˵ıУ⺢ӲһḧˣȢӣϣ
Ůһ˵һΣң֪ܸվ֮ʹ壬ֻˣҪѡ˭
½֮ЩҡȴǼԼ뷨һĺȻвƽնչмӵĽ㣬һҪš
ղǻѾѾ˻ǲȰŮ˵ҪҵĺӳҵȨȨᣬҲҪ
һĽڴ½֪֮ʱΥպػ޼˵úӳ
˴һ£ſʼ־ļʱҪ֮ʱӤޡ
ңڲŵĽ½ӤãŸŮ˵Ѫ̫࣬Ļˣ
ŨصѪζζвõԤС
Ů꺢ӼϳѪý֪Լ޽ҪҿҺӡ
ңźӣݹȥһգѾڸոս½֮С
½֮ӲıŸճĺӣӵݵĸԱߣ֮ѾϣЦ˵Ǹке󣡡
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Ů˽˵ʱ䣬뺢ӳӣܿϧˡ
Ů˵֮ͷа񽣣Ǻصش׼ΪӵĳȻˣﻹǽɡ
Ů˵Ц½֮кᣬ᣺šһͷԱóһòĽ
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Ů۾ʼģҪˣӵ֮ǰ˵ŮҶҪͬһ㵥ϾҪǣһҪһ
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Ů˵࣬Ҫܰⲻ½֮ĻҲֹϣҺһƽ˳죬Ҳϣı¿ʼ
½֮˵ȫ帲ʧȥʹȴϧûпڣ˵Ҳˡ
Ҷĸֹͣͬʱޣ쳹ũᣬΪ˸ĸУҲЩ޷޳˵ıˡ
ңĽͣôȥÿһĳ˸УҴҽνҶ˵ĸȥ˾˰º˾Ϊ˸л˵ҪӦһҪҲԭҼ˾ǽˣҪѧҪ˾˾ܾң͵ˣҵʦ
ң˵˾˵Ϣʱ˶˵Ѿˣ㲻ôȥ
ңܽҶֻţ˼ͣңģһҹЩ鶼˾˲ģԭĸΪ۲䡣
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ЩҶĵܣѪϵôǿңδԼĸףң˵ĸΪԼͳˣǸʱĸ׽еһж
ΪµǣҶңĽ֪˵ʲôԼУͻȻһֻϸֱַ
µ֣ҶԱߣԸоҶ仯ҶǿֵȴţǵһμҶ¶ı飬֪Ϊʲô¾ô˿̵ҶҪ˰ο
Ҷֱģ̫ᰲοˣҲ֪˵ЩʲôַֻʽһߣҪѹ
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ĪԨݸҶǰ˼ͷҶ·ڣҶҪоյϵ·꣬һһ졣
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ݴ𣺡ң
Ҷʣ׷ң
ҡǰʰ쵵ȣ˶֪ԽŵС羴ң־ΪңŮһֱ׷ܡ
Ҷͷԭǳݰ
֪ԵҶȥ£ɾתʱ򣬽סˡ
Ҷݣղ˵ԽС㣿
գ۵ͷ԰𣿡
Ҷ۾еİ֮ǰҸһ𽭺˶
˵涼ж磬ҲΪǹӸ磬ʵǸŮˣ׷ʡ
˵ĵҶˣΪŮˣɽˣΪˣȴŮģʵ̫նˣ
Ҷķߺ޵ıݿÿӭôˣݲԹɫĦĺǵλҲ֪¾ǴеĽһ˻㣬ҶֺģǰҶ˼Ѳ¡
̰ͼɫǸ˵Ĺ£ҶӿܸһŮν˾ͺá
Ҷǳûüܽ¶׼
ҡ룬ΪǰбҪ̵һº󱲣֪ʲôнѲ⡣
һõĶҶ˵ҶֵҿͶԵ͸һҲ׸˵ܡ
Ҷֱ±Ŀģľأݶô˵ˣûɲ
ӵס˵ľ룬˵ȣʵ˵㻹󡣡
˵˸۸Ҷ
ҶһŷӦ˵ʲôʶתԱҶݵĻŲɡ
ڼҶ񾪿ֵı飬ټһҶ𾪡
˵֪ΪʲôʵĽҶֵܵ˲ţԸҶֵ˫˫ܡ
Ҷݵ˼ǿˣݸ̹׵ݣҶһʱľȻǾܾ룬һ𣬿϶ҲǺ㣡
ݣҶٿֻÿֲ뽭µˣǲҪǣ
뵽Ҷкûˡ


63 
ҶܿûֱӻԼ䣬ֱӴ¥ķ㴵侲侲
ľɺҶӦʮа˾ȤҶ룬һǽ鲻
ֻһصĲҶ˼ȥ磬ҲپᣬҪˡ
뵽կҶ˹УⲻͬСǹȣկģмҵľ⻹һΣʹ뿪࣬ĵط
뵽̻ǧɽҶطϢݶҵԼķλֱԾȥ
յܾͼݶµһӰԾҶΪ¥ķҲˣ
г¥ͬʱҶֱԾ£סȥ·ſ϶ɺ£ץסĪԨԴΪĪԨ֧ǧɽ·ͿʣһǮ
סʱҶ룬Ҳʮ꣬˻ᾫϸӣ᲻̫ˣ
˲˽ȥ·Ƭ֮ʣҶ񿴼
¶ȣ䵭ģȥΪ룬Ҷڿһ̣Ҳͣ¶
ϴκĪԨڴϴܵˣĪԨ˵ˡ
㣡˻ȻҲϳҶ
ҶĪԨˣĪԨĿˣӦò˺ʶң㲻ǺĪԨǡֹϵ¥ӦȥΪʲô
Ҷһʳ⣬˵ĪԨֹϵʱҶһ£һȻЩ֡
ҶʻԭЩиȻ̹˵֪ҺĪԨĹϵ
ҶͷĪԨ˵һ㡣
Ҷ΢üָܿȻˣӦ֪Ҳ¥İˡ
Ҷ룬ôĪԨ˵ˣҲޱģͬͬסȻ¥İˡ
Ҷͷ˼˵ԼôҵɣҸˡ
˵꣬䵭߰ıԾ¥ʧȺС
ҶԭʧĵطЩԣЩԣҶ벻׾ֱӷ
Ȼ˵ĸѶأ
ҶصԼķ䣬ڷһᣬƺû˯ȥڿտžͿ¥Ļǣ򶥲ۼ
ҶһӦǳˣҲûĸȥ
ҶŻ㣬ǶΧĪԨķͷһԲҶ˹ȥҲ棬֮ǰЦŵ٩ü˳ĿĪԨǰһƾõı顣
ĪԨб̫ʦϣɫӰ棬ɫް
ҶһֱΪĪԨǸԵˡ
ʲôĪԨ¶ı飿Ҷĺð˳
ҶδڸԼĽŲлҶҲֱ̹̤ڣԴеͷ˿ڣǧɽеģǷ˴£ʲôҪæ𣿡
ݼҶɻͬʱ˿ڣŭҲŵ㡣
ĪԨҶһ֮ǰĻްޱȰԹ˵˵ܲţڸղţҵˣңҶȥˡ
ĪԨ˵ɷԹҶ𾪣ͬʱ뵽֮ǰķӰ
Ҷʵ˵֮ǰ˴ӴȥˣҵʱΪ˾סȻ˵ݣ˵¥һˣô߾ôߡ
Ҷ˵֮ǰ飬ĪԨͻȻЦˣȻ˵˵¥ˣǳԼݡ
ĪԨϲݵȥӷ˻ؼҡ
㶣֪ҵ˸ղŻ̲֮ŭôһתԣҲգ¥ˣܻʧƵġ
˰õĵ·ϣ˸ĪѾϰˡ
Ż˳ĪԨ˵ҶҪ߿Ҷ̫ûɼ֣һĪԨ˵˰ǻǧɽ
ҶӦ£׼ȥҶҪ̤żǿ̣ĪԨס
ĪԨ˵Ҷֵҿ⣬һȰ֣Ȼˣ
Ҷ񣺡
ǺܶĪԨ˼
ĪԨóһɫҶǰӺ͸ղĪԨһģһ
ֻǽҶŷ֣⾹һµ
Ҷʣʲô˼
ĪԨݸҶ񣬡ϲϣҪˡ
Ҷ񲻶ĪԨǺ⣬Ҳ֪ΪͻȻ㣬Ҷ벻ͨɴܾҲʲô˼ҾԲɣɵģȥ£Ҳ档
Ҷ˵˵ЩеĻ¥¥ĹУҶź֪ĪԨ˵˵Ĺϵ
ԭĪԨ˵ˣһԸϲˣ˲ϲͼ˵취õϡ
ϧĪԨԼϲˣ˭һǴѹϵȻ¡
ҶΪʶĪԨ˼Ժ
ڶһ磬Ҷǣ̤˻ǧɽһˣҲڡ
̳ؽҽûطȥʶֻ׽ˣߣף´Ӧˡ
ҹ̣֮Ҷǵǧɽ¡
Ҷ񵱳뿪ʱǧɽµĵ·Ϊԭˣڣ·̶
ɽ£ҶһЩʶ񣬴񿴼ҶʵĴкҶԶλˣ
Ҷͷ
¼Ҷ磬ͦ찡
Ҷ˵Ȼ֮ǰǺ˵ʰˣôǹ˰ƽǸ粻
¿Ҷĵ⾢ϣ
˿ʼɽΪչ˲书¼˽̽Ҳ;羰ǧɽҪһϣľޣʲô
֮ǰڵ㳶ˣһڵתû䣬ڹ˾Ÿ˵կ
կҶʱһû˿仯ֻկ塣
ûկǰͽҶһӦ͵ˣ֪Ųûкලǡ
ҶկˣǲʶկˣֻôկĻ֮ǰѣܺɼªҶеĵһ֮
կң֦֧ţŵģԭдĴկ󵶱Ĩȥд֡
ҶǽܵȻª˵㣬ǿңկ֡ôɡ
Ҷ˵ʱӦһֱŶĬˡ
룬º˵ܶɵֶнͣЩɵһ֪ʲôԽţҪǵؽҽһβģկ
ͣһᣬҶڴĿУʵ˵կžѡ
Լǧټֱ˵ѣǻһҶըˡ
²ͬ˵ºͳϿңֻǿ͹ٵĳʵκ
Ҷģկ𣿡
βֹ£̺ͬʱͷ
ҶЩʧǶ
˵֪˵ָʲôܺ绽꣬ɡ
µĽͣҶָˣ㶮ҡ
̧ͷ˿կ֣һ£˽һ£ҶģʲôҶɡ
ſûʲô壬ȥҶͻȻסµȻկկְɣ
Ҷ֪ΪԼҪҪֱֻ֣ȻǺ֡
²ҶΪλͻȻҪǷҶ飬þܾ˻ᡣ
˵ɽŵһоŸ䣬ǧɽߣУоš


64 
˵оš
ţҶͷ⣬̬ȴģҲ
Ҷþֲ磬
ҶԾʮ⣬޵ͽˣ
Ҷ˵žͻصŵҴϵկдϾĸ֡
ĸԭּдŤŤҷ紵ɹЩ¾ɣһȥЩŹ֡
ҶֻǣǲǱ֮ǰҪɣ
źû˵ֻ΢΢һͷ
˻ӦҶ˵Ѿ㹻ˣο¸£Ҷ룬ŵĴҲһҪߣҲ
ɵ֣Ҷżߣ˼Ҷԡ
ҶŻŲ˵ôöû˳ԣϴ϶ȥˣŲ뿪կӡ
Ҷ˵Լ룬ͬʱһ㡣
֪Լ书עǱĶҲŤҶ˿Σ£֤Լȫû˷ΣΨһġ
еĶ书ȫʧҲ¥ʱѾˣҶ˵ʱ̳ޡ
ż˽Ĺ⣬ֽŹ򼫲Ȳϸ̣ʦ˵ʱԼʦǱ߿һѰӻ
ʦӵʱʶȤĶ󣬲ʦ鷳һͽܵĻ׼
ҶͷϸΧɽﳣеУ˿û˵Ϣ÷
ȷˣҶٵ˴ãһ̤ãҶͿˤӺͰʣףϵĻƤҲһӡ
ԵĴ򶷺ۼʲô˳ɱǧɽ
ȷ˴ˣҶִס鿴ҶķûˣҶֽԼķƿ
ҶΪԼķӦúԼ뿪ʱһɷƿҶȿɫռппռ䡣
ϳ⻹бԶھֵķԶھ֣ݵʱҶ·޶֣ΪбԶھ˵ڡ
Ҷͷܻش˲֪٣̤ڣ뿴װǺ
Ҷߵǰ΢˵ƻϵͭ
ΪթҶ˵⣬Լֿǿ̣³ѣСġ
ҶͷֱӷӣӴ򿪵˲䣬Ҷ巢Ĺۡ
ڻҫһ鱦
һʵ鱦ŵһӦʦ㲻˵ûǮô
⣿ҶҲ֪鱦ӺζһӦҶ󻢺˱ԶھֵڣһתûⱾ¡
ԭڵ˲ڣ˼ӣҶ벻͸²²⣬֮ҵǡ
ȷˣҶڷڣԼѰȥɽ·Ϸһ˿Ѫ
Ѫ·˼Σϸֲˣɽɽïܳ˸һҶûôϹɽҶ󻢺ᵽɽɽץ㡣
ټҶѰ׷ȥԽԽϴθȥĵط
Ҷݵּ䴩ΪҪ̽˵ټٶЩҲջҶЩ֦˲̤ĺۼȽŲ㣬ʹṦµĺۼһЩҶ󻢺ȫᣬҲ˵ùṦּ׷
Լ뿪࣬ǺúôǧɽϣôЩ£
˼һ죬߱мƿ
Ҷ֪аϮʱѾܽˣкü֧ѾˣҶֱԽŵأϷ뿪ղͣλá
սԾ˰ɣҶкХ͵ϮٶȻܿ졣
ҶѾڿգûн㣬ХϮʱҶԼշ˸෭
෭ղһ͵Ϯ˵һҶ෭½ǡ
ɲǣҶΧ˽ƶа
Ҷղ˵һ͵ϮûӦǰְסһ󴦵Ĺ
ͷѵڼžɽָ࣬˱ͷֻƺһ°ѳҶֱӴϽ͵Ϯ˵ı󣬽̺һţ͵Ϯ˵ĺ󱳣ֽͬԾһɣ
㿪ҶֱӴڵĴϣ֦аһֱڱĵ㣬ã
ȥӰǰҶ͵Ϯˣ΢΢üĽ̵ˣ
Ҷ֪Ľ̵Ϊλǧɽ֪Ҳûʱϸ룬ղֻΣصټһֱڰ˵ҶܸоЩ£
Ҷó񾩣ڳ齣ʱҶ룬ҵĵ̶Ҷ֣Ͳÿˣ
Ҷ󱳿ŴɣнƣаҶĿ۲ⰵλãǱüٶжϳλú󣬻ӽɨ
Ľ°ͬʱҲɨ䲻֦⣬֦Ҷ£ҶȴڵӰͬʱˡ
ٶȼ죬ڸղŰλôÿһ˵ֽŲҽеء
ʮˣҶֻ˲䡣
ЩһⱻҶֽţսҶЩˣ֪ĽʧܾͻԾϰߣʶʣֱӶ˷򼲳۶ȥ
ڴд򶷺ۼв֪ҶĽ̵ĿĴĶΪ֪ʲôԭŲ˼ӣŻĽ̵ɱš
ŲȻУɽȥɽиصĵط
Ҷƾżϴó˱صĵط
Ҫ˵ɽкζصĵطҶֻ뵽ǴľïʢҶֻǵôŷλ˰춼δҵ˲رλá
ҲҶҲˣֱŲϴ϶
һֺ˱ҶҰã޶Ҷֽһֺ֣ҶߴҶ󻢵
ʦ𣿡
Ҷ󻢵Ҷİ˳ķأң
ҶΪǻҶ󻢷ɣ˵ʦˣô֤ʦ
˵СĵûͽܵɣҶˬСؤûһ·ַأҪ֤ʦ
⻰ûҶ󻢼ʦˣڻ
Ҷ󻢵Դӹľð˳
Ҷ󻢼˷ܵҶ룬ûϴԲ˲١Ҷ󻢸ðͷӰҲڹľУҶҲǼģᶼˡ
һĨһ˵ʦ̫ˣ
ͽܼһѱһᣬԽľҶߡ
Ҷ󻢸СҶȱߣޣʦΪⱲҲˣ
ҶҶǸɥŵˣϽֹ㣡
ҶҶĻС˵㣬֪ԱߵҲкᣬʦҲΪ㡣
ͱʹ׳࣬ʱСޱŤ󣬿Ҷһ񺮡
ҶܲˣжѪᣬһҾͿޣɥأ
ͽܶʮҶĻҶԼ
ҶͽܷʲôΪζ㵽⸱ģȻ˾ţǷˣʣŲأ
ð˳ŲôҲˡ
Ҷ󻢺ˣĵطȥҶ˵Ųչ˴ʦ
ʦҶʡ
Ҷǹĵط꣬͵ҺʹɽʱһУŲ˵ֵʦ
Ҷ˶üë˵µĺУ
Ҷ󻢸ͣԡ
˵ҶҶǸղŲĵط
ֻǹľеһӣֻαװĸӡ
ҶȥʱıϣҶʱ˿ͬʱҶ󻢺Ӹڵ÷ɿ죬ʦ˾ͲҪͷˣ
Ҷ󻢺ȽŲ㣬¶Ǹ⣬Ҷ󻢽ͣǵŲҶΪԼҪˣʦˣ̫ˡ
ҲûҶǼƽϣתҶ񣬡ˡ
Ҷͷš
һʣһʱ䣬ɻ˳
Ҷ˵˵ӣⲻô£ΪλĽ̵ˣ
ҶʻĿתأҶ˳Ŀ⣬һĺС
´ŵɮѾѪȾ͸ҲΪʧѪ˹ȥմ˲ʮǱΪ߰Ҷûʲô
ߵߣ˵ֲ֪ʦ״ĵ֮һʱ˱Ľ̵׷ɱԵҲֻ֪ǴӾʱͱĽ̵˶ϣǲвŶ㵽Ľ̵һֱǡ
Ҷ˵ѰʱĽ̵ˡ
Ҷ˵Ľ̵ˣǵʦû°ɣ
ҶмЩССϺΪ塣
˵֮ҶֲҵöˣȻЩССϺֻܶϡ
Ҷ󻢺ͷûرӦֻǷУæ
ӴҲ񣬳æ
Ҷȥ˵ҲʺԼûҲҾˡ
֪Ҷ˵ǣͲҪ֮£˼
֪ǹģ˵տʼʱ֪Ľ̵׷ɱʱֻµˣǰɣ൱Ƿһ飬ɷչ
˵⣬ҶȴΪȻɣԼҪġ
Ҷ˵֪ˣȻȥλҴ˼ˡ
дҶ˰֣ʱҶſеĳ࣬ȻѪAȴڿ㣬һɫˣ۽м˿ϸơ
Ҷ˺ۣԱߵҶҶ˵˻뵽ʦҲǶ׵ˡ
Ҷգۣڴʣˣʦǰʦ𣿡
ҶＸӣ׼ȥ·һˣ䲻ҶһʣͽǴµģδµһˡ
Ҷ̾Ҫθͽǽͣδӱһˣ


65 
Ͳ˾ý͡
ҶҶһۣССһľֻŮˣɷ򲻳ɼҺҵҴѣ˳˸ʦá
һʦҶ󻢺ˣҶֱӺʦǰ䣬Ҷʦã
ҶҶӣˣźУһɽȥ
·Ľ˽սĵطҶЩѾȫˣҶ󻢺ûôˣе㷢Ҳš
Ҷ֮ǰ֪ԼЩ˵ֽţȻǻԾģ۾ʬɨҶȴסˡ
Щ˲֮ǰԾģǱ˲ӣӦֱֿĽУҶɨһ۳ѪδˣҲһû֡
ЩߺɱˣҲ˵ǧɽϻˡ
ͷԺһҶ˵ɽﻹˣǿȥ
ҶЩɽﻹδ֪ڰˣṦҲ֪ȥ˺δҶկ£ҲԼǱߣøŲΣա
ʱҶңҪʱԼûΪ֮ǰĶԹԸг嶯ֲΣգ赲һᣬֻܿ졣
ɽصסĵطûʱ䣬˻ȻҶ˿
˼棬Ҷʶ󣬼򵥽̸˼䡣
Ҷ󻢱Ƚϻã˵Ժʦ֣죬ʲô¾ҡ
кʦãҶҶ񣬡ʦѣй̫裬иѣǸóʲô
Ҷû뵽Ҷ󻢻дһʣʼĴҪʦģȫˣҶ˵Ƕʶֵģǰѡɣ
Ҷ󻢺ͷǺУʦĽҲյҶԱСʣʦΪγΪ㣿
ƺĵǿ죬ʳҶȴش
ʱ˵ʦҸ򡣡
ʦƺظˣֳʲ
Ȼûµ֣ŵŮṦҲǽˣأǡ
ɻˣ֪ʦǵõɮһȴֻλӣλɽʩիΨٳţʶõҲ٣Ϊλ⡣
ҲʶʦǾʱжѣֵơ
¿ϵ˵ͷҪ
Ҷƣû˵ǣʧѪ࣬Сģͺɽ
ߺҶ񿴿ɫҪڲܻҶҲûŽҶ󻢵ڡ
Ҷ󻢸ҶǰȥҶָڵ˵Щôģ
ҶſſߣӷʣӲ˻𣿡
ţҶ󻢵ķҶɻͷԼô֪ԼйڣҪĶ
ҶҶ󻢣ǿû
Ҷ˵Ų˵ĶҪ
ҶͷֻһӣΪթҶʱƵ⣬ȻӶˣӣ˽鱦⻹棬һЩֵǮĶ
ȷûҶֽ˽нҶ󻢴δôǮһʱǮۣöǮ
ҶĶ˵ҴδйڣҲûôǮЩ
ڼӱߣսһó꣬Լһߣʴ⣬񹤾տĹȱ
һ˵Щ
Ҷ֪ô˵ԭʵ֪
ʾҶ񷭹Ҷ񿴵С֣½ǧƽ޽
¿˵½ǧƽɽׯׯ½֮ĸף½ǧƽ⹫
µóĽҶ𾪣ϴ¥ң˵ҶׯĺˣҶŵģȻĻôյϵѧķպСһ£ĪԨյ黹ʱҶҲǳջǹȣҾ˾ʸ
ڻûȥ˾ˣׯĶš
ºҶңȷ˺üׯЩƷҶһѽ
Ҷܶལһֱ񽣹ˣѽͬͨɫδʱƽƽ棬ɵѽʱʢɭޱȣҶŽĦֽԿšҡ֡
ҡҶ
¾Աߣֿ˹ңҽ˾˵彣
ҶŽӡ˾˺ý
˵˾Ĵţ˵ڽſ񣬸Լȡ˸ҵš彣ڶҶɽׯ죬ɼΪѰ֮ʯ죬ҵţԼ彣ȡҡ
Ҷ˵˾˹ȥôţ˾˺ʹһҲǸƹǸľƹ
Ҷ˾˵ӣֿЩׯģҲδΪʲôǱԶھģ
ϴݱԶھֵͷ·ѾͱïïһֵͨԶھѾΪȥΪλڣ
Ҷ뵽һˣûд𰸣ʱһֱδڵ˵ˣ֮ǰؽҽ˵걱ïïׯʱ˲ׯĲƲ
һ˵һȫˣҶתҶ󻢣ⶫģ
Ҷ룬һǰ
һǰһǰҶšһǰѰҩǶʱ䣬ʱ㻹δʱ͸˵˾ˣʱ˾˴ˣһĪ˾˵ֱʣ
ԽҶԽпܣӡ˾˴δ̤ǹȰ벽ϴη˵ˣţ˾˻Ǻܹ
ҶԼ뷨˵˳ҲеⱾĶڻҲ޿ɺǡ
Ҷţ֮ǰû˵ģЩǮʦĶ
Ҷ󻢸˼ˣʦǮˣǿ޸ɵɽˣ
Ҷ񻹳콵ʲƸϲãҶôһ˵ˣҵҾ˾˵Լһţ¶ƾԼ£ҪæЩǮֻģҲҪȥ˷˰ɣ
Ҷ󻢻ϲûعҶ⻰統ͷһ·𵱳ʦѹǮƷգԼһֲǵһɽȥԲȡ
ҶȰʦ˼
ҶȰҶͬʱʹɫȻʦʲô˼ֻʦܽǮ񻹾ȼˣȻһʦĵ䷶ֻ븴Щ
¾ҶһһҪ˵ִе׵£ҶĻô²ף֪Ҷ뷨ͱˣҲȱʲôǮɢȥס
ȻҶѣ˰̵ɵ⣬ӦΪӿǡ
Ȱô˾˰ֻأ뱱ïï·ı¶ΪΪʲô
Ҷ˵µ˼·ȥ
ѭѭգΪ¶ǵУȻԭ˾ܰЩֻ𣿡
Ҷžеͷ
˵ЩǮҲüͳȥЩǮƷչҵȻƸɽ´㣬Ͷȡֱ꣬͸мֵֻҪ㸶ĳͱطߣոм㶨ޣԻˣҲԭҪĲˣ
ΪҶ΢滮һ£Ҷ˳˵һ£еҪЩǮͳȥ뷨
Ҷ˵ǾͲˣ˵İ죬Ҳ̫ЩҪҡ
ҶǮˣҶ󻢳һ
ҶԶǧΪҩ֮ΪΪЩСҶæǣ˵ڿˡ
µͷӦ
ҶЦĻ룬¿԰øãðǧɽһӡ
лҪ˵ҶҪңϻҵҪҲգ˰ɣ
£ˡ


66 
Ū鱦·ҶҶɻֺ°ס
ԭ󷿣Ҹһ䣬ЩСආ̣ͨҶҶ󻢺óźԼø£Ų˵ĺסԭǼ䣬Լͽ̡ܼͨ
÷Ҷɨɨǵɽ룬Ҫĵһɽţ뷨ҶɽȥҹǮһҪ޵ɡ
Ҷ󻢺޵ģҶգҶЩźϴҶߵʱ̾ĵĶ
ǮЩҶ󻢺ڳ濪˿˵أ͵ģ˻ܳԿﶼá
ΪҪʱصصЩ˵Ҳɣ˸Ǿͻˡ
лڻУ˵˵ƤˣҩϢһʱûˡ
Ҷͷ˱طȥóԷ
ʰ꣬ҶȥǼ鱦˵ʶʱĿĲʱӴҶҪϿ԰
ԶھְʱǴҶţҲûȫǵ˵ǣΪթûпڵ˰ӷҶ
鱦۷Ź⣬֪ǮҾ;˹ңˣġ
Ҷ⣬ҲҪܵˡ
Ӧǻ֮ҶֵҪɽţȥҹ
ҪɣɽǸ½죬˵֪һͨҵļ壬ǻѡַ۸Ҳ
Ҷ˵Ųо飬Ұ졣
Ҷ˻ˣͲҶ󻢺ҲУӦ¡
̸꣬ҶԺһˣ˵ԼҲ֪Ǿȣ֮ȻҶ뵽½֮ԭˣ˱й
˳ŵľȣûж¶ˣ֪һп죬Ҷܳ⻹Ҫֽһɣׯδİš
ѾҹΪҶѷø£ҲڷڣֻҶǽ̸ʱû˵
Ҷ˿£ϢҲȥ˯ˡ
ҶµԸһ𣬲ҲϢ
ֻԤеĵҶû
Ҷ׼̤ʱ˵ﱾķ㻹Ҫȥ
ţҶģõķø
˵㲻ΪչҰѷóȥطϢˣͬ޶ûʲô֮ǰǶסһ𣿡
˵ȥɽҩʱҶΪ˷չͬסһ䡣
ҶΪ˵е˲ô
ҶֱõıӣԼϡ
֮ǰס䷿ο࣬ӶҲ浹Ҳü
ûϰ䣬϶Ž⣬·;մûһ˯ˣҶ෴
¾ȵĺҶ˯ţϴʱҶĪ˵ģ˲ôĪԨ˶ˣǶһŴ϶ͱζˡ
Ҷ֪ԼΪʲô뵽ĪԨˣǰ˸ӶŵĹϵ˿Ҷȴý
Ҷ泯￴Ѿ˯ŵ£ҹҶֻܿµҶаٶϡ
Ҷ룬˶͵ģԼҲͬİҶ˶ӣľýЩڸоµºҶۡ
˯ǰҶ룬һΣ
ǧɽûмȴиַּ
ҶͻȻۣûжˣһڴϷ˶û·Ǹ˸һ
гҶߣҲΣҶ룬Ҳˣ
˯̹Ҳѵ磬ҶǰѾ𴲴룬ʰ׼ʱҶѾˣڴޱŤķȥ
¶ҶΪ棬ô
ҶΪĪξᣬѾĿںˣµξָԺ
ҶԼըˣ
¼ҶûлػսЩҶͨ죬µǣôô죬𣿡
˵ȥ̽ҶͷҶֹûж㣬⿿˿
峿ȽµָҲ⣬µַҶͷʱҶˣ̽Ҷͷ¡
ɻ󣺡ûհôộ
ûҶʲôҶ̽ͷʱ˼ﳡعʵҶĪίӿͷ
Ҷ²ƿӴӴȻٱ¿޺
Ҷ߿ޱ˵ˣ̫аˣ
ҶһµģҶ֪νĿ޺¸ˡ֪Ҷôһͱ˸
ӣҶıʲôˣʲôа𼱣˵
Ҷñ¸ˣԴ¶ĲӴ˴գͬʱ˵˵ںܣҡ
²Ҷʲôˣһ˳ҶҪһ˼ѵجΣ
ڻؽҶ˵ºڣҶ书ҲкµʳԼĲ²⣬جˣ
Ҷ뵽ĳ§øˣͬʱ˵ǣ̫ˣ
𰸣·ˣֿʼοҶ񣬡ξǼٵģطϡ
Ҷͷ¼ϣӵһμҶŵйζøˣζҲŨˣͬʱҲ룬ζǼٵ
ЩϣģҶ룬ܱúĪԨһˣ
Ϸһˡ
ֻҶجΣһȰ˵κҶǽ֣ҲƢţֱš
żأһţŰ嶼죬û£ʦ𣿿극ˡ
Ҷ򣬡˾͹ȥˣȳԷɣ
ҶҲеˣԸ֣ͬʱˣϹ
ˣҶ𴲴úȥ緹
緹Ҷɽҹˣߣίչ˺е̣ͻȻ˵ʦˡ
̹ʱʶֵ鼮ҶΪʱֿҽŽš
ҶҽĽϣһССֺ֣СҶΪתע⿴ϸֲˡ
˵ʱ·Ҷȥ
ҶѾͽȥˣû£ͷ
ڣҶ񷿼ڣºҶȥˣȥ˰ࡣ
ΪҪˣǰ棬һ¾ͼڴߣʧѪɫ԰ףȴޱȡ
½Ӵվ¿ǰ˵лʩ֮
л⣬ȴȱ
ҡͷ˴ʦл⣬ĲңǾŵˣλ
ʮȻתҶϡ
³ڣǰ棬˵һֻע⵽
µŽĿתԺһҶϡ
ĿҶɨһȦֱֱҶеҽϣǸɫֻҶҪ
Ҷ˵ʩɷнһۣ
һھҪһۣΣĪҲʶ˾ˣ뷨Ҷѽ˹ȥ
ӹׯءõֱӽ磬ڿԿ̵ʱ˵ҽ
Ҷнг¾Ҫ׷Ƿʶ˾ˣûڣͼ۾һգϻ䡣


67 
ֻһѽҶ˭ҲûϵȻᣬ˶Կһ۽ɻ
Ҷ⽣˾ˣĪʶˣ
Ҷʣͽ˻ҶӹĿȴͣҶϡ
ʱѾղָ糣ϲޱڿҶƬ̺лл
ֻǼ̵֣ҶΪ˵Щġ
ʲô˵Ҷĺģ˵ж徻֮ˣ
Ҷ˽ʣʦղΪ᣿
˵һЩ°ˣ
˵ƺ׷䣬ʲôû˵ֻǶҶδλպлλ֮
ҶЩʲᣬǺ˵£˾˵彣˵˾ʶ
һҶ͸ˡ
Ҷ˵ҽҶλӣͽܺгϣҾǽ˿طҪллҼͽܰɣһеʦ˵¡
ҶºٹĨǣȻú棬ֱˣ֣֪ûҲ塣
ҶֺƬ񣬵ָܿ糣Ҷ񡣡
ʾ䣬ֻǼ򵥵ĸ
Ҷͷûлش˼һ׷ʣʵʦղſĽҾ˾˵彣ҹ۴ʦƺʶҾ˾ˣ֪Ҿ˾˵¡
Ҷʵ˾ΨһˣƽȻСĹġػ٣ҶҶΪ˾˲ǸĽˣɳᵽ˾˵˶˵֮ӣһŪҶ֪˾ʲô
˵˾˱飬Ҷ񣺡˾˿ɺã
Ҷ񣺡˰Ⱦƣţ඼ͦõġ
ͷþͺá
˵䣬̧ͷҶҶҪϰ磬ҶҪ΢΢ͷͻȻӿЦ⡣
˵㶼ôˣһμ˾ʱҲͬߡ
ҶͻȻãڿһˣҶл˾˹ϵͬһ㡣;˾Ӧú죬ȴδҲûϵδ˾ˡ
ҶʣʦҾ˾˺죿
ʻЦ⣬⺢ӺĺǿʳЩʲôݡ
Ҷ˵ʦŵһμ˽ҡ
ЦЦҵһμĶҲʱҵġ
ֹʶ˾ˣʶ
Ϊˣ˵¡
˵е㳤˵ɣ
ɿҪǰ£Ҷϣȥ˰Ҳˡ
䲻˼廹ģȰȺȵ˵ͷӦˣӹ̵࣬ſڡ
˵Ӧׯ
Ҷµͷ
Ҷׯ֮һɽׯˣ˾ɽׯˣҶɽׯĴˣ׼ֽҶ
Ҷıһ䣬˵½֮ҶΪѣӰ룬½֮ĵطҶҶŵ˵һн֮ƣҶѾˡ
˵Щ½֮Ҳˣ󻹻š
Ȼ뵽һˣׯһ˴ⲻҲм𣿡
˵Ҳȫš
ͷ˵ׯԴڧҲԡ
˵˳Ĭ˻ᣬż˵ׯӽãǲǻҵĸɽׯׯãҶĸ׼޸ɽׯҶ㻹Ҫһ塣
ҶֹһׯΪֻǼɣԼûйϵңת˼룬ׯĺˣǲ֮ǰ۹⿴ֻû뵽˾˾⣬и廹š
Ҷȥ
˵ٺõĹϵҲѺۣҸ̲һҶ뷨жҪңҲԴУǱɱҸɱׯˣĸףһ㣬ɱ˵Ķӡ
Ҷûһ˵ϲãȴҲޣû˵պʱҶоԼϵֱס
Ҷͷһµֻ֣Ǿţûκξٶϴ¥ңԼʱһ
ԼİɣҶůůġ
ΪҶŭҶʲôʾûУֻĿ˵ȥθ
˵Ҹ˾棬ϢϻؼʱѾˣ˾ֻѰҪҸɱׯˣȻŹǵĺˣ׷ɱ˾˺ȫ˾˷ɱ
˵ĸң˵ʱ߻Ǻϡ
֪ҸΪʱֻתһ˾Сһ𳤴͡㣬ǲῴ£ȥҸ׷ŹҸѶջء뵽Щ鶼Ҹ׶ɱ˶ѾΪԼ˽Ǵģ޿ص
˵˴׷ڣҲڲı˵ľ
Ҷ˵ĸׯׯһûģʲô
ҶӻڣָƽشҶ⣺ΪҸǴģΪԼΪɱ
֮ǰ˵߱ʱ൱ƽ˵ɱҸ׺ףûзһ̴࣬ûüȾ
Ҷ˵ɱҸ׺֪ҷ´Ҳûȥ룬ὣԾʱ˾ˣֹҡҶɽׯΪѰҶɽׯׯ˶˾ɱˣɱҸףȴˡ˾˼Ҹʬֻ˵һ䣬ⲻ±ҴȥԴδ
˵㲻
Ҷׯθȷʵ罭һ絼£̫ϧǽʢһʱıʣΪһ˵˽𣬵ϱ
£ҶԼ˵Щʲôȷʵ޻˵Լ屻𣬳ҲˣζضԹȥһ˾˴δ˵Щ¡
Ҷϴң˵ĸȥʱ˵ҪֳɳǼĽ̫ң˾˲Ųɣ
ͨһ㣬ҶҶ֪ˣ֮ǰĶԹѾ֮ǰսˣׯӦȫµҾ˾˲ҹȥ£Ҳôİɣ
ͷ͵͵̽˾˵ϢɽׯɽׯжɢȻ㲻֪٣ǹȥ¿ʼ
Ҷţ뵽˾ÿղƣӳȫµ磬˾ȴһ˵˾˵緢ׯǰׯ󣬱Ӷա
Ҷ˾ΪʲôԼȡ޳ˣָǳ޳ָ޳
Ҷһ֪ƽƲľ˾ˣôصĹȥ


68 
֮˵ЩľΪѵȥ뿪λһĴߣֱֵĲ֪ʦ
֪Ȱ¹ȥ¿ʼ˲֪Ĺŵӡ
ׯĽʵ磬ҶÿȻѳʵ޷ģŬɣȡֻԻ͡
˵һĶԹҶƽ֪ͣһ£Ҷĺĵõ㣬תƻʵʦΪλᱻĽ̵˶ϣˣ
ûʲôģ˵ѵûоֽ񽭺Ѿ̫ƽˣĽ̴ɧԭ֣Ѿָɿʷĵزγŵָɣ빲ͬԸĽ̵£Ľ֪ǵĿģء
Ľ̵ΪҶҲҶĽ̾񻰱ħ̣ר¡
һԵʵֵһɣ˾ιʶ֡
˵ҲʦָңĽĴȨʵ£òš
ҡͷԣԼڲûи㶨ôţºԺŵļɵӲô
Ҷ˵ȷʵԼڲû㶨óȻֻܾˣڲѾͳһ
µ˵ĽѾͳһŻš
Ҷ֮ǰĽ̵Ľʧٽʮ꣬Զ˶ҲΪͳһͻȻһµΪ᲻ǽˣ
¶Ľ̵ĴҲ˵ҶôҲǲ޵
һֱδڵҡͷֱٹʽ£Ľ̽ǸһѧһڽϾ˱䣬֮ûκҰģ˵˾˻֡͡
Լ˾˺Ľ̵Ľ֣Ҷæ׷ʣ˭Ӯˣ
ƽ֣ʤǡʱѳһ֮˾ֻǸɽׯͷεëͷСӡ
Ҷ˼Լ˾˸ճĸսƽ֣ʤһ
ʣȻǽĽ̵˺ιʴϱ֣
ֻԼ֪
ûȷʵ֤ǰǵ۶ǲ²⣬ҶҲ÷ǸӣҪϢ³˷䡣
ҶȥҶ˶ſʼҶѭԼ̣塣
Ҷ¹ȥʱҶ󻢺Ѿ۵УõһҶ뼫ֺԼҶ񿴵ʱֻڷĳ档
ҶͷۣţͦŬģ
Ҳ˵⼸ͦŬģУȻҽ̵ǾͲֻǰ裬ɽȥ飬Һý̵Ƕʶ֡
Ҷ󻢺ǴֲʶģſųҲ裬ʶҲ࣬ҶԼȻϲ飬ȴҲ֪ʶǱģʱҶ붼ûʹӦˡ
Թ緹Ҷ¶ɽҶ˵ҶɽҲҪȥɽ棬Ҷֻµţǳ⼸ͽܣǼŬ棬ɽʲôģȥ
ҶһҶǾͲΣҶ󻢺ίǰʦɽģҪȥɽ°ռԼҳˣʦˣ
ҶҶ̤ɽ·
·˵Ƕǳ̰ġ
Ҷ֪ǿԼղѵ˼ͽܣڸͽɣǲ֪ôҶ֪ǰǼͽܵԣȴˡ
Ҷ룬ǲǱ׼ϸĸ
뷨ҶԴ˸뵽ԼϵΣ뵽ĪԨˡȻĪԨԺһҲԣǻʤĪԨһĪԨûÿڶĪԨûͽܣͽܾˣ
ҶܴһС뵽飬һ뵽ԼĪԨ㣬ҶĵЦˡ
ʱԶݵĪԨصĴ˸磬ĪԨĨΪỨ룬¶ңȻ͵͵ˣĻ
ѾϰҶʱʱ任ֱ飬ҶͻȻЦˣֱʵʲôأôˣ
ҶųҪ¿죬ΪչһֱŲʱΪ˵ҲЩҶ
ʻҶͣ½Ųת£ֱ׵뵽ˣ
Ҷֱִ⣬û뵽ʣ뵽ʲô˵ģ
Ҷ˵һֱǧɽ
ҶĻ뵽Ҷ˵ĿǽһµһţڲſʼضҪ˰æһֱǵҶĶ飬Ҷ񲻿ڣֻҪҶҪæ
Ҷ˵ֻҪҪæҿһֱǧɽһ׳󣬿˵־ݣ٩ǧɽǲǵøһݡ
¾ֻһϵõѼЦҶȴô¡
ҶͨԼͱ˵ҲһԼݣԭֹԼ⣬Ҳͬ
뵽һҶĵÿҪƮˣԼϲ㣬ϲԼǻ˵ã֮ϣ
Ҷͣ½Ų£Ҷ룬㶼ԼҪˣԼܹ
Ҷ֣صֻҪǧɽ˵λþġ

¾Լ˻һŷӦˣ
Ҷ˵֪ĪԨ˲Ҳˣ˵ҶͬΣ˵ͬĶǷޣ˯ôΣܵø𰡣
¾ҶǱĪԨˣͬʱ֪Ҷ˼ܴ¹ռյɵϡ
ǵûзҶΪԼһҶð˵Ļ
룬ֹҪҶͽܣҪúý̵Ҷ˺һΥġ
г¾ͺҶ˷ܾʮ㣬˵ʱļҳ˵ʱҶŲʹȥ˾ˣˣеҪУ˾˸ף
û̫Ҷֻһ·˲˺һû³Ĺ£ȥҶ
صѾԹҶ»صڣ׼Ϣʱ뵽ҶĻίҶ顣
¶ҶҪȥͽǱ˯
Ҷ룬Ѿȷ˹ϵûǰͬӦõģ뵽ҶͷӦʰԼĶȥͽܵĴ̡ͨ
ҶҶǵķǰʱһҶ󻢺һҶΪʦҪϰ
ҲмܲסĶҶ˵ʦ𣿡
Ҷһ֪ʲôɵͽܻΪԼǹǵģҶˣҲǼƽϣ˵ҹ˯
ʦԼϢ͹ˣҶ󻢺ɻ
Ҷֱʳˣʦ˯಻ñϳ𣿡
⻰ҶͲˣʲôбϳԼģ
֮Ҷ½ͽǼĳܾùֵֹģ


69 
Ҷɽ֮վͳ˹졣
ֵҶһֱΪӲ̫ͽܶ
Ҷ󻢷ƺڶԼʦΪ˳ʲôìʱҶֿ鱾ĳĸʦ˵ʲô
Ҷ͵ʦ˵ҲˣѰЯֵϣ
Ҷ󻢾ʦҲҪôѾˣҪ𣡡
ᵽʦȢףҶ󻢵һʱ뵽ʦ˵δŵӣΪʦԸ񶨻ɴؾʱʦðһ䣬Ҫ
𣡶˭
͵ʦܵҶ󻢻صʦʦм䡣
Ҷ󻢰ǿģǳĶʦʦ˵ǿҪʦˣ
ʦֱ뵽Ҷ˵δŵӣһˣʦҪӭȢʦ𣿲ҪɽŽ˲ź𣿡
˵ʣ˭ʦ
Ҷ󻢾ʣʦѵû㣡иΪŵӣ
ŸҶɽݣٵǧɽδʲôδŵӡ
ҡͷ
Ҷ˵ʦ˸˵иδŵӣǽһˡ
Ż㱼ýһƺе죬̴۵ĵط
̺ǲദǢԴӴһҲԴ֧ȥʣ˵ʲô
źദʱҲˣֱ˵ʦ˵ʦҪˣǽһˡ
мʱҲϸʱ򣬼ؽҽ꣬ʶϱҶǶˣһһˣ뵽ҹӡ
ȻȻ뵽ӻŮװʱҶǧټƽӽҹӣװҲжĹӲ벻빫ӵǧɽ
֮ǰʱӶҶжһ롭
Сǲһ𣡡
ͻȻеǲһ𣬰Աŵ
ʲôǲһ𣿡
ͬʱʡ
ϸ˻˵˺ȷʵһ𡣡
Ҷʣ˵ʦȢ£ô˲ܺһˣ
ڣ˽һƺҹӣʦǴȢҹӡ
Ϣʵ𾪣Ҷ󻢺˵
ΨһķǸ¥ˣ˲ҲǶһʦҲһ𰡣
룬ΪͽҪʱ֧ʦ뷨
ͷҶ󻢺Ҳɿ쵹꣬Ĭʦİ¡
̿ɵӣȰҹ뿪ǧɽ
Ҷͽܱˡ
ֻǳԷʱ򣬴ͽʢĵһ뷹ǸǸ㣬Ҷʶ֣ӦõġҶּͽܷ¶ΪȣЩҶ񶼾ν
ٺҶּͽ¶㣬ͼÿҶ̲ˡ
ƾʲô
Ҷݺѵ˼ͽܣһȥͻǧɽ춼ҪʱҪͼ˱ҹɽ̸տͰ򵽣һ·ϻ
Ҷ󻢻ʦǲԼ𣿡
ҶԼͲгͷˣȥɣ
ͽ»ҶԱߣ˵ͽϲңǲΪ̫ˣȥǿܻ
Ϊͽ˵Ҷ񱶸ίϴɽҶֱ˵뷨룬ʱʱȰѰ
⼸ˣ׷İ¾ƯģŮװʱл룬ˣǿҲ¡
Ҷƶ䣬ΪһЩС¸ıԭ뷨¾Ҫ¾һҲһ϶¾Ͳ֡
ǣôأ
Ҷ˿ԣΪͽ˵У˵ԼίǶңߵýҿﵱȻ㲻ҵ⣬ҲѰ㲻ңܣһܾ۵ý
Ҷ˵ԼίʱᣬĿȷмֿ¼̣ȴֽŽɣܡ
Ҷᶨͷ°ҿԲ㣬ҲĪ˵Ļ
Ҷ룬˵Ͳ˵жʾ
Ҷͷ
õ϶³ҶЦЦڻ𣿡
ؽҽŲĽ»òڣ㴩ͨҲڷˣһЦ硣
Ҷ˵ˣԿµģɼ˴˾ֱסĿڣʹˣһطϢ
Ҷ˵ֱӽȥ·ţҲҶ˵ǣҶط
ȥ·ҶЦã
¿ҶЦʣĿڲˣ
Ҷ˵ҾͲˣ
̾ЩΣҶû˵ʲô
·ҶصԼҶˣ˺ü죬Ҫǰöˡ
еģҪϻ֣ͻָɻظʦš
ǿƻδָգֻ˵ԼҪ󲻵ã޷ֻͬ뿪
ҶҶǸ׼øڶɽ
·ҶʦȥѾȥҾ˾ֿѣβÿȥǹͣҸҾ˾ȥְݷ㡣
ҶͻȻ£һĸ·
룬ҡͷǻǲҪټΪá
Ҷ֮Իô˵ΪüοҶ֪Ƕȥγ֪˾˸ŶѪֿѣҲκһĴôܼ꣬һ棬һЦͶá
Ҷô벻жʥҪǹȥѪֻǾ˾˶ڹȥĹȥʹࡣ
Ҷ뿴ʹࡣ
ܾҶҲûǿѵã˳˵ʦ˵ҪͲҪɣ
ҶǧɽɽţǧɽֻҪձܻص֡
ٴҶǱҶ·Сģͷת·
⣬뵽ʲôתͷҶվԭĿ
龰Ȼٵһ¡
ʮʱһûнʵĽӱ޸ϵɽׯӭ˵ڵ
˽ȥͼ½֮ԼͥԺ
½֮ԺһŹû֪˶ֻ֪꣬ÿ±Ὺһֵ£ȥÿ½֮վժһ
½֮˵ժһƣȵȵҡ
ߵ̧ͷҪҰæ𣿡
½֮˵֦ܲˡ
죺Ṧã϶ᡣ
½֮ĻֱƲһ֦⣬зֽӹһ֧һ̧ͷ½֮
½֮Ц㡣
棬ֲǹһò𣿡
½֮պԣСʱǿźҪ޸ʱ㲻ͰԼ
½֮Сʱ½֮ƺӦʮȤŵҵʱͬˣ˲ɳףĺþã
ֱ߳ܣ겻µЦҲܼôá
˵ת£ҪĶҸˡ
˵žͽԼĽݸ½֮
½֮лժһӣͰӷŵԱߵʯϣ˫ֽӹ
ͨڣƲ¶âʵëϷû෱ĻƣֻڽϿ֡
½֣֮˵Ҫ̵ġ
½֮ĵͷֿһССᡣ
ָŽͣҴȻҲǳҼ壬ȻҪϼӡ
½֮һ˵ֱӰֿȥҲ˵ʲô
½֮ʲô˼½֮Ҳ⣬ղص֮ʯҴѽ֪𣿡
ʼ磺֪Ҳû취ˣҲˣ˵ǶÿϸֶӴһѽҲûʲô
½֮ͷû˸ŽԺбȻ
ߣصĻ裬һ̣ãûбÿľɫ
ԺҡͷЩȥ
²˼˼֮ʹ


70 
ҶǶһɽģûҶͿɵͽһһͣ糾͵ɽϸϡ
ǰ棬ԶͿҶɽţ⡱һͷҶ󻢺źʦ֣ʦÿһ㣬ʦලˡ
ɤһһֹҶ󻢺ˣҶҲˡ
Ҷѵ÷˼Լ̫ˣ
뵽Ҷ׼ԼͽܷʦĹذżͽܽˣͽǲˣ
Ӱ죬ΪҶලǵģΨٱҶ̣Ѿܵ÷ɿ죬Ҷʱûͣ
ҶżͽԶȥıӰüͷͽܲô
ҶƵĻλɽţȴҶͷһȻˣ󻹴һˡ
Ҷ߽һʲôʱء
Ҷ񣬡Ϊλɽѵ㵽ɽң
Ҷͷǡ
оԼӣ·Ҳֱͦˣ߻˵˵ɲɣҪȥѰң֪죬һˡ
ᵽʱȻüɫ˵˵ĳ
Ҷֻüë˶ûд
Ҷû˵ţѾʮˣ֪ܲǽӣͨ󷨣ˮլƷݽ
˵ܣҶֻͷۣ˵ǹʮ궼ṳ̂ǹȴš
˵˼˵ͶԵҪѰȥ췿ݣ˵ɽεƸҽͼָֽȥδѰҹ
ȥҶôɵ£֪Ҫʲô
뵽֮ǰķεҶüгãɽŽɣһҪȫ
˵˲ͼֽƼ˹Ǹһˣ˵Ⱥ˶Ϲˣãٶȿ죬γˡ
Ҷͷͬʱ뵽߽еϵбҪġ
ŹɽűֽУɽŻԭĵطҶǴǧɽǧɽ˺ũСԺ
Ǽ˵Ķֻ߲࣬ˣѹ쳣òֳģ
٣⵽ũҲ󣬾䷿Ҷ󻢣һ䣬̺һ䣬ҶԸֵһ䡣
ʵַʱҶֿҶ񼸸ͽܷҪǼһ䣬ŵһŴ룬ֻֻȽš
ÿ쿴ҶҶѵͽܣͦ˼ġ
½Ҷʶֵʱ䶼磬ʶֵĵطũԴĲͤ
鵽˲ͤͼҶˣϰֶޱȻҲ죬С£־ˣҲģĻˡ
űҶο
¹ʱҶҲŹһȦûҶ񣬱ʣʦأ
Żأʦ㣬Ųȥˡ
µͷʱҶ󻢴չ˵ʦڣмҡ
¿ҶģʦڣʲôҪʦ
Ҷҿ˿ȷҶûں˵һ֣ʦɣ䣬ˣ;
Цˣ֪ˣûʦһºοʱҲչҲĸԺ߽
ǵҪЦЦڲͤİ¡
¶Ҷ˵ʦ˵Ϊͽһ£Ҳ˵ʦΪͽǸͽҶ
ҶµĽͣȻʦȡкˣͷӦͬʱŵӽԺǾͽʦ֡
ҶѾҲչȥأ
¿ĿʵǼģȥͽ
ΪǶˣԼðæȡģҲԼָе⡣
Ҷ󻢺Ļϲ¿ţҪ𣿡
ҡͷҸĸģǵϵˡ
û˵ʲôʱҶֶµҸʦʱɲ˵ĵġ
ʣΪΡ
Ҷ˵ʦԼҪ֣ʦһͬʦ
ҶֿϿҵӣ´Ӧˡ
õΣˣ̵ȼ򣬵ҶǰûҵҲ˻


71 
ɽӣҶʱȥЩƷҪǹ۲ԺʲôӪá
ȥȥʱûǵһΡ
ſѾΣŴֻĵůƵĹ⣬ȴһûӳճ˵Ӱ
żߵűߣ˵ʦŲôûҪȥ𣿡
ҪӦһֱнŲдصĺ벻Զжϳ˵ĽŲҶǳȥˡ
̾ˣ
̱ҶҲҶ󻢺Կһۣߵ⣬ĬؽºŻ
Ҷ󻢰ں÷ƣֻ˵֪ѣȻˣле̵̽㣬Ȼлˣൣ㡣
̺üԹǼʮ߳Ҫұ
ֻ񷴲û˵Ҳûü˵ΪŲſڣȻڼ˿Ҷһ˻Եˣں棬Ա߻һˡ
¥֪Ҷң
ңɫܲãӯ¶ܿˡ
˻ʣͼ˵Ҷ嵽ŵķǰŴ򿪡
æȥ˷ţҶֱӽȥ˷Ŵϣڼļ˿ˣӢͲϣֱϣ϶аõ˿ڣ˿ڻѪ˲ᡣ
˼˶һʶǲʶ
˷ڴϺҶ˿Ȼ˵ᣬŲȽŲãңˣֻ
£
ûҶͷԵĽͣңŮ֮⣬Ҷʶ֮ǰû˵ķиô£
ҶҲͣѽʦô£ǵأ
Ҷһۣʲô״˻˼㣡
Ҷ󻢾Լ޹
ңһλɣҶȻǣҲ̫˽
Σң˵ԾϣɫܲãȴҲ˿󰭡
ң˵˵ԽŵСġ
ңһ˵ģҲ̶ϺţҶ˵Ӽһʶľġ
֪ݣʣôӣ
ңû̻شֻһ΢Ĺ⣬յÿϰƣǻ谵
ңóѹֵ˵Ҫ̫ƽˣ
Ҷǧɽʮӵ㣬ӿζѡ⴦㣬˿¨׼ȥ
ҶԹŲԺ²ҪˣҲʺϡ
˵Ҫֲôõ£
Ҷ뷴ǿ򣬾ͼӶ԰ϴĸŮæʰܣտĺӰϴ˱ӵĽʯ֮ںӶ԰򶷣һȺΧˡ
ˣҶ񿴸־УͼҶԭվ
ҶĿãһ̧۾Ϳ屻ΧңģΧǵ˴Ľ̵·Щ洩Ľ̵ķװȴֲ̫ͬ
ҶûжܣӡĽ̶Ǻˣʶңģ̤ͣˮԽ档
ҶΪӱɨǿƼս֣ѾԹȥңһֻһֶսۿҪʱ˳֣ңһ̧۾ͿҶ
ңЩ⣺㣡
ҶĽ̵ˣպߵ㣬ΪʲôЩɷ񡣡
ҶΪɷĽڣûΪҶļǺܿɱмһ仰û˵
ּغϣҶԸоЩˣ֮ǰֵĽ̵˲ͬЩɱ֮ǰϵҪǿ
ң빦˲ϱˣΪҪһʩչУһ߶Ҷ˵Щǳͽɲˣ²ͬ˾̳ͽ䣬Сġ
Ҷһһ߹۲Щ˵ʽһˣÿʽ޼䣬һϮһ˱㹥෴ķ򣬶ԸЩԽԽ졣
ҶͳֱһͽңĽм䣬˸վңǰ
Ҷ˵Ƕ˲˾սΪơ
Ҷһ˵ңҶ⣬ãͽнڵϣֻһֻ޷ʹó˫ͬʱҲ޷½ðԴ⣬Ҷڶ˫֡
ңϽ˸áҶͷҶǰĽ̵˾ǰңʱ׳ڣֱĽţ֧ڣ߸û˿ƫ롣
Ľ˸÷ڣǶһȴиطҶӣһɨ㽫ڷɨڵء
Ҷۼֿ죬˿ʼͳȥǰ˵ѨԱڶںͺɨӦ˼µƣ׷ǵҶûиǻᣬڵѨʱеĵҶ绢¾ͽѾƵĽڡ
ˣҶң̤ˮ飬ҶСţ̤ˮѾṦٴˡ
ˣҶֱȥҴΪһ·ҶҲûôĽ̵ˡڻˣҲ޴󰭣пеʱʲô¡
ң˵꽭Ҫ̫ƽ˱ˮңӹһڣſһ˵ϴ¥Ǿ˵Ľ̵ɥĲȫ壬ǵĿ겻ֹȫ塣
ңᵽԼ˺Ḷ̌¶Եĺ⣬ҳᱨġ
û˽ŵĻңĽڲԼĵɱѾϡˣ¥Ƿֱһ·򱱣;ĵĽ̵ڡɽɵŮӡ
ҶɽɵʱЩϤһ¥ɽɵš
ңͣ½ӵңŮ֮ƽ¶ҪһܣӦó־ɽɵŮӡ
ң»΢ЦޣܶҶǾ֮͡
ҲЦǫˣ
Ҷ˵˵žͶ΢ЦҲһ£Ц
ҶͻȻ˶Ҷ治ɫ˵ò𣿡
ΪεЦЦңҲøղŻ濪ˣҾɽɵŮӣͻɽɣұɽȴɽ⵽Ľ̵ķˣѣ֮Сҡ
Ҷ뵽¥ңߣľѰ˵ִҴ׷ϣ˵ľңΪңˡ
Ҷ˵ľ㲢żȻɣ
ң㶣ȻЩɬЦЦȷʵҵġ
ң˵ɽԽŲԶĴһǼңԽŵÿͣһѰǵؽõĴԭƺһ͸ǣ֪Ľ̵˻׷ɱԽһš
ң˵˴ŭں޸ռһ룬ң˵Խų˴
ң˵ʱֱˣںޣסڴˣԽţҲ˲һӲȴǣ޹֮˲
ȴ޷ꡣ


72 
ң飬Ⱦˣһʱ˵
ŽϿȥ˺ͬˣͬĳˣܻδʶžͶͬĸд
û˵Щѹ֣Ҷ˵ˣϢɣЩªǽϢһ
ңͷţһ֮ˡ
˳Ĭţ̤ţҶ󻢸ں棬Ϣˣǻûأ
һԵСǳ⣺ʲôʱųԣ
ҶЩίҲС˵֪ǶҪԷҪȥ
û˵ʲôںҶ¸ɣҲˡ
ȥ˳̺ͼͽȥæ
ҶվſڣվͦΣһѷâ¶󣬾Ҷȵһʱ򳤸Щ
¸Ҷ棬һȥңȴסǡ
Ҷһͷң˵лл
Ҷûʲô飺պ϶ѡ
ң˻ţֱͦΪ˵Ψһ
ң˵˾͹һ仰ҽΪҵ׼򡣡
Ҷ֪ΪңͻȻᵽ˾ˣ˳ңĻʣʲô
ң˵ңһ¹ӰдĶѡ
Ҷ⻰˾˵δ˵Ļ˾ֻ˵ϣĶѣҶо⻰˼Ҳࡣ
ң˵ܺӡ֤˾˵仰
Ҷ룬ҲͦĵģͷǳϣȻ˵ϢҵȻŸѷ
Ҷ˵ˣҲϡ
ȥ¶ҶĽѾԽǵΧʼɱԽžң⵽Ѫϴңǻ
Ҷ˿£˵⻰֮⣬վڳ˽ǶΪµı׶ˣ˾ǰôܲȣ˵ΪҪǻ
ЦˣȷʵʶҶ񣬲ΪǿѶֻƾ롣
ҶһڲͬˣΪʶԺԿҶʵĿһ죬ӦվڸߴһС
Թ˻طϢһҹ¡
ģȥѻϣٰҶ󻢺
Ҷ˯ȥʦá
ͷҶߵŷ⣬ȴԼˣżҶ󻢵һ仰ǣңˣһš
Ҷ󻢹һŷӦ˵ʲô
Ҷ˵ȥʦ
ҶĵһŵʱҶˣֻжŵҶ󻢺Ҷ붯űŲŲ¿š
žŵݵҶǰңˣ˷š
Ҷڱֻ¶۾棬ȥţ˵ʲô
ſ˿ţʶֲ࣬ŵݸ£½ӹţٿһۣң˵ˣǰæչˡ
Ҷڱû˵˵ݺֵӦǣǣҹ뿪
Ҷ屾ܣʵû˯ѣң뿪ûʲô⣬ŵչ˺ıǣû³ȥɡ
Ҷ󻢺뿪
ҶԭΪңģֻڵȴɽ޺ʱһβ˺ȥҲửϾ㡣
ȴŵһ仰
ģ󣬲޲֣Ҳ˵ĺͬˣһֱߣ˵˵ʲôĶӦ
˵ҵ˱ɱʱҲͬһôһ˲Ҳͬһȥˡ룬ҵĳ˻ţҲܾʹȥҪʦʦҰʦıѧҾͿԱһҪó˵Ѫҵˡ
˵λʱĵƤ˶Ҷ񽻹֣Ҳ˶֣ı£еףӴҶǰ
Ҷں࣬ԽԽˣȸ඼ҪԵݵϣʱ룬Լһֱ´θҪιˡ
ͻȻҶǰ㾪Ҷе롣
Ҷ˶ľôţҲ˵Ҷ룬лҾ֮Ҳ˴񡣡
ĵҵһμʱǱ䣬˵Ӯ˱Ϊͽŵԡ
˵űͷȻʦ
ҶĵΪˣԱߵҲûӦô£ôúõģͻȻʦ
Ҷ񵱳Ǻ˵ӮľͽʦʱǾܾģҶʱҲЦᣬҶӶݵľ㵻
ҶʣΪΪʦ
̹ף䣬𡣡
Ҷ룬ЩͷۣԼյҪΪʦĶҪɲ̫á
Ҷ˵Ǹǵʦ
˵ΪΣŲҲһ
Ҷ˵ΪҪɣȷʵҪЩӣҲϣҵͽܻڳ֮С
û˵Ψһֻи
ҶɫҲ˵һЩĽԲˣʱ˵𸴳ʱһ˿
ҶģȻһ㣬Ϊȴֱޱ䣬ҲΨһ֧ˣ
Ҷ˵ҵʱΪͽʱ˵ҵͽܱҲֹ㸴𣬵Ҳɱ˫ۣ´¡
Ҷ֮ǴΪͽҲҶ˼ߵףɡ
ֽһʦ
Ҷ£ҶʦԿڣһУҲΪѡ
Ҷ˵岻ãȻȥϢɣ
Ӧ¡
Ҷµũ᲻Ҳ٣е˶֪ˣҪʦԺˣİʦʱҶ󻢣ŵԴϣҶķ⡣
ҶӦΪͽʱҶ󻢿ĵЦˣʦˣ
Ҷ֪ɵͽ棬Ҷ󻢸˵ûʦãʦ㡣
ҶԴΪʲô
Ҷ˵Ϊҵһյͽܣˣȴʦȥ
ҶûףŰݵʦΪαʦ㣬ʦ˵ģǡ
ͽȥҶӺࡣ
棬ԷʣΪʲô
Ҷ˵ʲôΪʲô
˵һʼǲΪͽģΪθı⡣
ҶĶͣ£˵ǲģ뵽֮ǰʶĲģǲͬһ˻һý֡ʱΪͽʱҲлгޣϼˣǧɽʹദͦǢģ󻢺ʹȻɵ˵㣬Ϊ˵׸Ⱦߵˡ
Ҷ˵޲ᱻĨȥ˲ûڳ֮С
Ҷ˵⻰ǳƽȴидҲڳУؽеĺ޶δȴЩˡ
Ϊʲôأ²ϸףһܺõˣ֮ů޵ġ
ЦŶҶлл
ҶЩĪö˶˵Ϊθ˵лл
˵ã
⻰Ҷ񾭳˵
Ī˵лл˵ãҶ㻳ϿԴˣ漴뵽Īİʾ
뷨ҶҲˣԴͻȻͷۣࡣ
²ҶͦãôĿ۾ͷۣôˣ
Ҷ˵Ϊͽǲ̫࣬ࡣ
ʼΪҶ岻˲ֻҪҶһۣţߵҶߣ̫Ѩ


73 
ũСԺһҲ죬ҶΪͽӣĳɣѧʶϿԽ̵ʦʦǵĻ
һҶʮֿģֵ͵Уķʽĺ͵˦ƹ񣬶ľΪʦҶ˵ʲôʲô
ͽܲҪģҶ࿪ģһ¹ȥɽϵĹŰѵػãҶɵҲģ»ǹȵ뷨
Ҷ뵽ʰ˵һˣҶƽջȥϹ䣬Ҷ˵ʱҲΪȥϣ߶һ»ҲͦõģȴҶѾѰʰˡ
׹ⲻȥϡ
ȥģʡ
Ҷ˵þûǹˣȥ
¼Ҷ˵Ļ㲻˵Ϊҵǰǹ𣿡
Ҷ˵ⲻе
ľҶ˵Ũصıǿҵζ¾ܾ˵Ҷ񣬼Ҳ뿴ΪԴǹʲôûоܾҶİš
ֻǲʰûͽǽǵũСԺ˷ÿ͡
ƽľǹͲ˵ĴԿǸͷСɳʱһЩ΢㶡
СɳºѯʣǾλŵĵط𣿡
ũôһ˺ܿ;ˣĸպԶСɳֵʻصǣСʦѰ˴Ǻ⣿
϶ĻشСɳ˵ҷʦ֮⣬ִ
ִҶճ䣬ʲôģ
ͻȻ˶ΨСɳֻǸݣҶҶòʦ˵һ
Сɳִӻóһ뺯Ľ̽ЩӴȺͬҲţضʮɽٿִᣬַͬĽ̡
Сɳֱ˵Ҷ񣬽뺯ݵҶϣʦ˵Ӣۣ书صϣҶ׼ʱ
Ҷӹ뺯ַɲ֪ʦĵӣҲѪԵϵı壬ϡ档
Ҷ뺯˻ᣬ˵ĸСɳ˵һ£ƫͷʣִ𣿡
ҶԱߣҶʽ͵ִֻз䶯Ĵ²Żٿһɽе¸صǰǣͷһٿִᣬׯַϱʱ򡣡
¼ִ̽ϵԲϴִᣬϱˣѡ˵ʱϱ֪ϱֻ᲻¸ңϱͳһ
Ҷ˵жִ˸ӡ󣬡λѡ𣿡
ºͬʱҡͷ
˵ȥӦǸɺң㲻ȥ¶ΪչҲкô
Ҷ뺯ģִҲûȥҲû£ȥҲá
˾ҶͽǵΪʦȥ档
˵ҶֶСɳֵ鷳ʦȥ˵ţһ׼ʱ
Сɳ˵ʱӭʩ٣ƶɮ麭ҪͣͲǡ
ĽСɳͳũᣬҶҪμִ˷ܡ
¸ʮ壬ҶԭȥǹٻʱüóĽǣһû⣬Ͳˣ岻ʺ۳Ͷ٣Ҷδ˼Ѵǹȵļƻӡ
Сɳ뺯ǰһ£Ҷºͼͽǰȥ¿ңǵǧɽɽгҶǰ̡
ʱҶǻȥأҪǡ
׼ȥ㣬ڵģǷȥɣɽĽʿ϶٣п϶ˮ֮ͽǡ
رǿͽǣҶ۽Ҳ˳ǣĸͽܣĶеɵɲò
Ҷʽ̤ǰɽ·µǵɽɽţ·ϳһɵ⣬һ·˳졣
ɽһ徻֮أ˽ܵ飬Ϊﱸִᣬµɮ׼˹رͨ⣬ʰ˲ٿͷ
ɽǱֵһɽҲǵһɽҪɽûһգϰ֮˲ͬҶɽʱͿʹԼҶṦɽõ˶˲˱ʱ֮ģһʱɽɽ·ʹṦɽˡ
Ҷ󻢵һμֳ棬ĽۣǺ
Ҷ˽ͽܣֻҪ̿ͻǸûھԱһ
ĸɳģôᣡ
⻰ҶȻΪ˵ǣֻǱ˴е㲻ˬ˳ȥһ»ˣлаȣῴһ˿ȡ֮
Ҷ񿴹ȥʱͬ˵ִ˵ʢᣬҲʲôè
˵ŻָָͬҶߡ
ҶЩУҶ񣺡ʦ˵𣿡
Ҷ˳棬ԼۣŤͷ£ȻǣǼȲᣬҲǰè·ɣ
˵Ҷͷ˸·˳Ҷģ˹УΪչҶѡͽɽ
ʱҶĶ˵һǾøղ˵ǡ
ĸղҲ˵ǰװʾˣڻŮװһ·Ҳûϳղ˵ҲʶҲЩĽɫԽɫԽõİ취ӡ
˵ʦġ
ʦʦ㶼ô˵ҶֻӣͷɽˣҶֻܸ·ݣֱ׷ĸɵģţǴкˣ
׷ʱӯɽ·ߵƽأһֱԽںҶ󻢼ˣֱ׷ҶҶƽֱΪצץҶԱߵ¡
ٶ̫죬ȫȸоϮʱѾߣ֪ԼԷΧ㲻֪֮ʣо䱻§סһƣ˹
һδɱ֣¸оԼһϣߴҶĪЦһҲ档
гֵĪԨҶǰ棬ԼݵóĲֱӵϳˣ
ҶʶĪԨ𣬾ûмʱ򲻴ȣӻϴĪԨõһҶΪĪԨͬһӡ
Ҷ˵㻻Ҿϲˡ
ϳĪԨڶݾȺ󣬾û˼Ҷ˼üëǸ˻ᡣ
ղĪԨϮ£ҶΪ˾§ڻʱ֮ˡ
Ʋף˵ȷſҡ
ҶȻЩᣬԷ֡
ɽխΪӰˣ˷ֿǰǰУĪԨǰ档
Ҷ벻ˣĪԨö˶һˣΪʲôҪԼĵò
ʣʦʶˣ
Ҷ˵ʶǿ԰㣬˵ܰǻȥ̲ˡ
ȥˣҪȥ׷ĪԨȴĪԨ˽ŲתҶ񣺡뺯𣿡
ҶͷĪԨۻҸһ𡣡
Ҷ񣺣


74 
ʶͬҶûʲôֻĪԨû뺯Ŀʾˡ
Ҷе档
ǰ·ҶĪԨô뺯òûаɣ
ĪԨҶһޱգҶʣȻΪʲôҪ뺯Ԩ鹬ǽɣȴ뽭Ԩ鹬Ĺأֽʢһǲҵġ
ҶȻûв´ʣȻûʲô
ĪԨ˵ǲμʲôִᣬֻˡ
ˣҶһˣԴתĪԨҵˣҶֻ뵽һǰĪԨ˵ˡ
Ҷ񿿽ĪԨõ٩˻ûҵ
ʲôлûҵȤĪԨԱҶĻ£Ҷ㻹һ
ĪԨĿĶҶһ۾ǰҶһĪԨ˼һҶмߣ㶮ʲôȤ
˵ҶͲĪԨͬУŻ²ͬʱ˵𣿡
ֻٶǰ¾ûУۡ
ŶҶͷˮ𣿡
Ҷ˵ãһ˵¾ÿˣͣ½ŲҺȵˮ
Ҷˮݸ£תͷĪԨķ˿
ڽӴҶĿʱĪԨоԼˡ
ǿһĪԨЩơ
ɽʱ̫պֵĴŸպöŰֺգɽͷǵйŽ⣬ʥַ
Ϊûʱ䣬ҶǽһɣǵǰԺѾסӴɮ˽ǰŵƽûʲô̵ĺԺºĪԨֵ徻Ȼܡ
ɮȥԺʱҶЩɵˣ·ɮ˼ǵô֮һһش𣺡ɽɣɣǽɣ׿ãؽҽ¥ɵŶµˣ̩ɽӣīλǰҲʦǰЩڻһЩɢҲˣ罣ߺʹң
Ҷ죬·ɮס㰲Сۣ·ɮ˸ҶңЩסǰԺרŰŮ͵᷿ҲںԺ˵Ȼˡ
·ɮ˵쿪⣬˵Ȼ˵ߣԺˡ
ҶǿʱžƺԺɢߣڸо̲оƺֻǻûغþͱ˽֡
ɽһ£˱֮⻹кö໰Ҫ·ɮ˰ź֮󣬸˵˳Էʱȥǳġ
ڽ껥಻ʶ˺󣬼һĿˣȶĪԨһֱԨ鹬ʵھ
ĪԨִȻ񣺡һһֱ֮ˣܼʵһᡣ
ĪԨֱַź˵˼䣬ߵĽ̶ͬǷŭͬĶܲĽ
˵ߣĺҲһ˿ݣҶԼǰˡ
ҶһֱΪǸˣȴ˻Ắѡ
ǾŲˮظִᣬǰɡ
˵ɣղ·ɮ˱ɣҶľȻؽҽ
ߵؽҽ˴󲿷־ӢӣΪľַĽ̵Ĺм
ҶһֱԽӡ󲻺ãʱ˵ҶҲۣΪɱ˵һֱߣҿ϶ڼƻЩ˵ı
½ؽҽ£ͻؽ֪ȹ龪ȣȴΪڲԹؽ´ָ𣬵ؽҽڣ˴ؽҽΧĽ̵Ĺ´󹦣ؽĹͿԲ𡣡
վڽĽǶ˼ȷʵõ
ֵиѾòˣӦûٿִַḶ̌ҹựƾٳһλͳʿ
Ҷ֮ǰ˵ִ˵ѡһͳһֵˣҶҪѡһ˲ֵһˣҶ񲻽ƾȤ
ҶΪ˽ɷչ߽ܸʹʱ棬µҲŬţΨĪԨùǷȥ
ĪԨҶһʣȥģ
ĪԨͷҲأˡ
ĪԨ˵;ԳȥҶ֪ĪԨҪȥ˭ûܣֻɻʵ˭
Ҷȥ˽ˡ
˶кģҲ⣬οĪԨΪصԨ鹬ˣĪҲˣļǧ𣿡
ҶҡҡͷļǧǸˡ
֪ĪԨǸʱЩ㵣ȻʶҶϿһۣԼ۹⿴ˣÿѡͬ۹⿴ˡ
ҶĪԨˣ⿴֥ҲǸιӣĪԨһҲ䣬ĪԨ˵ǴԼɵ֡
ҶĪԨˣɶһ˽⣬ͶԸҶյвĪԨ˭ĪԨһСͻȻ뵽˵ĪԨϾȻ¥ľƣеĪԨڽ¥ʱ˵¥Ǹͷ۵ˡ
뵽Ҷߣ¥Щ
ߵò࣬ǵӣ¥⣬ֻ˾鱨ս
Ҷͷû˵ʲô
˶ˣжҶѾ˽⵽ѾȥʳùͱطϢ
Ϊ˴˶࣬ͬɵĵӶһ䷿Ҷ£ĪԨһ䣬ĪԨȥûٻ
Ҷֵú¶ɺĪԨʶһҶչʾ˱ϵĹġ
Ҷ£˵ĪԨȥˣڻû
˵һֱͬһ㲻֪Ҳ֪
Ҷȫûһ˻ͷͽ˵ȥ㿴ĪԨһˣҾҲһ𡣡
ûŪ֮߼ĪԨһǵ£Ǻǲһ
Ҷգ۾ʣﲻһ㿴ͬͬסһȫǷ޼
³ԶҶ˼ά߼һֱΪǰҶˣܵܣҶ˵ֹϵδ
бҪҶ뷨˵֮ҪϲԸģ˵ҪͬһΪʲô
Ҷ붼ûصȻϲѽϲôһ𡣡
¿Ҷ۾˵⻰ʱǴⲻȾһ˿ʵģǳڿҶҶֿͬ棬˲Ϣ仯Ҳ档
˵˵ûӽΪݣ˾Ϻһ𣬽˻㡣
ҶִŲмΪҪ˵Ŀֻϲ
ΣĵҶȫֱһᣬЩ꣺˵ͨ
ҶڻشµĻϸһĻȫΪ룬ڵδţҶԽԼϲû
ôôõˣ


75 
ڶ£Ҷȥ˵֮մѪԵչ鲻ǺϤʺ֮ǡ
֮ҶȥңңϵѾָ¶һҪĽ̡
ңסĿͷŮ죬Ҷ²ɺѼ뿪
ʱңǣ;ڷʱҶиŮ˵Ҹȥˣַûˡ
һصǳȥˣ˵Ҫ䡣
ҶϣϷ˵ûпѹҶúҶңסĸɵġ
ң֪ҶΪͻȻڣͷغõķţ¥С
¥Ҷͷ
Ҷſڣȴδ˵ʲôʵ˵ʲô
ҶղҲһʣ֪˵¥ҶĪԨ¥ĪԨһû¥ڡ
Ҷ񲻽뵽Ǹʲôȥˣ
һգ۾͹ˣٿִӣûģҶǡ
ҶٳĪŪҶûôԡ
²Ҷ仯صЩҶ񣬸ǽ˿𻨸⣬Ҷֺϲʳ
ҶڶԳԵһȤûֻµݸš
һ޾ɵӣôˣҶӹû̳Եʱʳĵǡ
ҶԼĪҲ벻ԭɣʱֻҡͷԴζʱҶ񿴵ɮΪ䷿׼졣
䷿˵ģĪԨȥһֱûϽ¥ҲڷڣԭҶǲںĪԨȥȴ˼
Ҷ˵ȥĪԨ
£
Ҷ˵һûˣȥ򡣡
Ҷ˵ɾ͸ɣ³˷ţǳźպ߳
߼ʵȥĶ
Ҷûش𣬶Ƿʣ֪¥ס𣿡
ߵȻ֪ﲻٽȥģǰԺס޷ֲ˽⡣
߿Ҷ»ǣһ֣Ƿ¥ĪԨˣһΪĸͬʲôܾۻᡣ
һ룬˾ۻαסʲô𣿡
ҶֻͷΪָ·Ҷ˵ص㣺ĪԨ˾ûٻ¥ĵһ˵Ҳˣҵĳ⡣
Ҷɫ࣬Ū߶治ˣҪҪ֪֪ͨʦ
Ҷҡͷȷȥؾš
һ˵ã߸֪Ҷ¥¥סļ䷿˵ԱסЩˣպã¥·סǽ
ҶԱס˭Ȥ֪طֱӴǰԺߡ
ҶҲֻ뿴ĪԨǰԺߵ״ֱ̬¥µķ䣬š
ǰԺסĶǸɵˣڻδ˯ʱ̣Ҳл߷õʶҶ¥µķź󶼲졣
ֻҶ췿ź춼δõӦ
ûˣжϡ
ҶƷţˡ
˵ϵĲӦûˡ
Ҷ̧ͷ˿ѹѹݶµҴȥ
ӳʶŴϾӦˣ˻Ӧ޷жҶ˵ǷȷֻСģ
ҶͷʩչṦϷĽǱ뷿ڣûҲûл˵ϢһƬ
ȷ˺ҶߵűߣȷʵǲϵģҶŴ򿪣ŵҶ˵ûˡ
¾󲻽⡣
˵᲻߼Ǵطⷿ䱾ûסˡ
Ҷ˵ûҲὫŴϡ
ʣˣ
û֮ǰҶֻǾĪԨֻǻĽڣʵҶ񷴶ƽ
Ҷ뷿ûд򶷺ۼԺĶǸɸ֣һ춯ͻᱻ˸о쳣ֻ˵Լ뿪ģϵļ
нհ죬Ҷ¥˵¥ڷӦ˵¥ĵӰ컹ţھ
Ҷ˼һóһۣ˻뿪ġ
뿪Ҷ벻Ϊλ
Ҷ룺Ȼȥ
վҲ޼£ͷӦ
˻ȥ·ҶԼķ˵
˵ĪԨԼ뿪֡½ҶķܽᣬȻɣ˵ĪԨԸ񲻹ܽһ֮˵ùȥ¥ͻȻе˵ȥ
ǰԺԺҪ·һС·ɮǻ䣬һҹͿյҶ˵˵һ뿪֣ûھϸ΢̤
ڸǣ
ҶͷһӰ
˸ˣҶͷҪץ˳ŷȥ׷뵽һ߾һ⣬Ĳ¡
߶ᣬҶɴ§£ȥ׷ˡ
¸ҶķӦڸǣڲ˳ָֹΪҶȥ׷δ˵ھͱҶԽֵԺǽ
УҶ˵һ˲ģǸҺá
ȥٶȲ죬ڹʲôҶѰµĺۼһ·׷ȥֱԱߵɽ֡
ҶΪ˽ֻõǱӻ߷ûС
˽ֺһƬƽ̹ĵطͣ£˴źɫҹ£棬Ҷַթϴ±һüӦľͣ
Ҷͣºǰĺתʵô׷ˣ
ޱϤҶ¶ԿһۣȻһ˵֣ĪԨ


76 
֪ĪԨҶԷ¾裬ĪԨҲĲ£¶ԭ
Ҷ׹ĪԨǹɶĪԨĿģҶǲ⡣
ҶʣΪ⸱硣
ĪԨȻǷ㰵й۲졣
ĪԨ˵ʱҶĪԨнŲİҹɫгһɫӰ
ҶͻȻֵӰýĪԨȴ
˭ĪԨ޷ĪԨʶˡ
¥¡͸һ˿롣
¥˱ҶԶݶϣҲӡ֤֮ǰĲ²⡣
֪ݣҶʳĵ£ôΪ⸱磿
ĪԨû̻ش𣬶תͷ¥£¥ĪԨ־룬ĪԨȥʱ˼ĪԨЩ
¥¿ĪԨſڵɱǣǲˡ
ڽʿ۵£ɱˣ·ͬСɣҶ֮ǰĲôˡ
ɱĪԨǣĪԨûн˵Ӧд㡣
ͨһ㣬ҶЩףҶʣ˭Ҫɱǣ
ĪԨ˿˵¶λһˡ
񡣡ºܿ¥¸ס˭
˽ĪԨᵽһˣҶµӡｭͻؽһǸαӣڵ֪ҪɱĪԨǿ̣Ҷǲͬʱ־֮Уʡ
Ŀġ
ҶʣΪҪɱǣ
ĪԨΪ͵ʲô
ĪԨʼ龭ұȥ¶ģҲ֪Ǿδ棬ϢЩ˶˯ʱݶ˾Һ¶ΪǵˣҪȥ׽ʱڷſˣ˽˸ݡ
˶ѡ߷Һ¶;죬˸ģЩʲô
һϰ֮ҪڳˣľʿͷãԿȥڶĪԨ˵⡣
ĪԨ˵ǽ˰Ҳδ˽̸Ϊ֮ǰǻþʱ˳ʱһȥߵķҺܺ˰ҹʲôȥһֱ˵˺ɽŲ֪ڸûжɽںɽͬӦţܵ
ĪԨ˵ܵʱƽ·ǲֵһ£Ҷվ⣬Ӧû˵ġ
أ׷ʣֹǱ֣ͬںɽ¾鲢򵥡
ĪԨ˵Щ˶Ǹĸ֣ǲսֻ󷨽סǽ¶ңҿڻС
ס㣿Ҷʡ
ԡĪԨΪҶǶ󷨺棬͵ʿݵƻܰڳס˵Ի󡣡
ҶȻ֪󷨺Ͱǹںͳڸһ󣬲֪аĸֻǺΪʲôסĪԨȴɱ
Ҷû˵
ʱ¿ڵϾͨŶݼ֮ĳ˵⣬ֻĽ̲ŵԪ߹顣
˵ֲĽ̵¡
˼·һ
֪ʦǣͷٿִַḶ̌½˽֪ĽȻҲ֪ϱһַḶ̌ĽһЩӦҲӦõġ
˼һ˵Ľ̵ˣ뽭񹴽һҲ˵ĹȥؽĽı£˻ؽһУȻҲϵḶ̌Ľý£Ҳпܡ
Ҷʣҽ£
ĪԨ¥µĿҲϡ
°˵˳Ľ̵֪ٿִǶԸǣȻ취߽⣬ɸڶ࣬Ҫֻ߽һ취
䲻¶Ҷ뵽֮ǰйؽĶؽƵĶȷ涾һеĽӦҲƶϻؽ󣬽ż˵ؽҽе˶Լһ
еϢƶϳЩǺ˵һֱûڵ¥£Աֺһֱδ˵˿ڣƽ
һֱ֪ڱ˵Ŀ佱ҶӲǫ顣
¥¿ҶĪԨ˵˼ȷʵ˲ͬǵ߼ǶԵģǸҵõ鱨ĽڲѾͳһһ¶⣬ǵĿҪЧׯһͳ֡
Ҷ˵Ƕ֪
¥ûٿҶƽǰĽ̺ϱֲһҪһͳ췽ҹ̷õİ취ǰϱֵһ򾡣ǳ
ºµ¥Ҫ˵ʲôüͷһ壬ϱִСɼмٸһ̸ס
¥˵Ľ̵˸취Ĵɧԭ֣޿һԲߣ˾һʱֵʱ
¥˵꣬û˵Ҷ뽭ͲֹһĽϱ֣ʱΪַֻʶĽ̵ţҶҲֻΪĽ̵ԣıȻĿġ
һı
ܿҶץסĵ㣬ǼȻ֪Ľ̵ıΪβ˵
ĪԨҲǲǰŸݸ鱨ƲҴ֪֪ʦ;ȴ㣬ԸҲһת֪ʦ
Ȼ¹ְΣҶûסʵأ
ĪԨЦЦȻǻԻĽ̵Ϊһ棬ôݾߡ
ֻһ仰ҶĪԨ⣬Ľ̲ǾһһҲƾͼƣĽ̵Ϲ׽
ԵĪԨ˼ҶĪԨǸ˱Ȼ»صڡ
ȥ·Ҷ˵ʽٿִӣҲ룬ֵĺʱҪϿ߲֪ʦ֪ͨˣһһ
Ҷ˼ͷû˵ʲô
ҹ¼žҶȥ֪֪ʦֻķţ֪⣬ȥ֪
֪ʦѾ˯һܴĺУҲº͵ĽӴҶ£Ҷ뵽ҪүүӦҲ
Ϣȥ֪Ľ̵ļƻľֵ˶мƣ֪ʦǼˣܿƽҲͬҶǵļƻ
֪˵֪һᰲţλʩлطϢ
ҶŲ֪ʦĵλҲģǡ
Ҷȥ󣬲֪˹˵ļˡ
ͷü˳дùǰ
֪ɮ£ûĻһ㣬˵ҶСʩΪ˾˵ķ緶
Ҷ´Ӳ֪ʦʹԼϢ
ҹﴩ󣬴֦Ҷ졣
Ҷ񱻴һ䰡
Ҷ̾ţȥµ֣оˣһ䣡
ഥҶµָһ
Ȼ䣡ҶԼµöԣͬʱֽµֽסҸůů
Ҷʱ㣬ûҶ죬ҲûҶֻҶǣš
Ҷܸоǵ΢ЦЦյøˣͬʱ˵ôҲ֣ԱŶ
Ҷ˵Ż粽ǰߣĿãҹĿ·ܳ䵱һ·˵á
Ҷ˵ȻˣһȷʵҶ˵ǱҶŵȷʵůͲ٣ҹģЩ̰
룬Ҷů֣Ҳͦõġ
ҶҪ¿벽ҶͻȻͣ鲻Ҷͣ£һ¾ײҶϡ
ʣôˣ
סĵطıߣ


77 
Ҷʶ·µָůҶҲܾʱ˵ʲôԲǾ䡣
ûֻ߳ЦҶ˿·ֱǻȥָҶ
Ҷ˳·ߣһҶŵִмƻɱĽʱҲбĳ棬ͺҶǴںԺҪȥڲ۵Сɣȥϳ
֪ҶǵİΣ֪Լı£ϵĳ棬ﲻæ׸
ҶҲᵣҶ񣬡ǲ۵Сɣ㲻ȥҲһ֪
µ֮ǸҶҲԲȥĽ̶
Ҷᵽµ˼ֻҪ͸ˡ
Ҷ˵ҴСҲǸţǲȥûϵҲȥ˵ȥ˵ˣҲһȥܸıսֵġ
֪ҶԼʵһţҲȰ˵ǿʼĽ̵ʵĽ̵ĹɷԪ߹鶼һһĸ֣Ӧܿ񡣲⼸ҲӦԵˣҪڲĽͳһǺָʹ
ָʹ
˵Ľ̽ʧʮֻ꣬ʧٵϢһɣĽ̵жָӡ
µķҶֵһᣬ˵Ľ̽˾һսƽ֣ҲǺ˾һˮƽҲû
ҶжĽ̲мǿο£ǲָӣ챣Ľ̵޻ء
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·Ҷ񣬡㶼֪ˣ
Ҷͷ֪ԵȻһСġ
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Щ˶ȺҲۣЩеóŵģ糣
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Ҷ۲һЩƲĽ̺ͽ񹴽Ϊö¶ⶾ
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ҶһǰȡȼݸҶ񣬡ǽ绻ġ
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֪ü԰ףӰֱȱ˫Ŀ棬һ
˾͸Ÿͣȷʵϱһġ
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ʱ֪˵ˣ˵Ŀⶼڲ֪ϣҶΪԼߣվȺΧûעͳ˲ʩչṦڵ˷ϡ
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Ų֪ĺм֪æס֪û֪ȣҲһѪ
Ⱥ˽еʦôˣ
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Ƭ˵أʶԣ˽еã˶¶
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ҶڷϿֱ֣˵˲ڿĺϷֻ˵ġ
˶£ڣļƻܳɹ֮ҩгɷĩ򣬹ȻⶾֻҪĽһͳ֣ҲܳΪ
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ïï˽Ա߻иһͨ·㣬ïïſһصˣЦ˵˵аħᣬ˭֪аʤдǶȥɣ
ïï˵ֶŸǵĽ̽˵ȽɵŹѺʳԼɲƸʱдã˲ܣɱ⡣
ïï˵ĽھҪжȴһֹˣ˶𣿡
˵Ľһڱ˵Ŀ⡣
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Ҷͼ˶ɨһȻԱߵˣ˵һΧ֣λôû
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78 
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ҶǰҶĽǰ
㡣
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ӦϴμҶĳ¶һĨЦƺͲ󣬿أޱûӮ
Ӧ˵Żϵ塣
һԵıïïҶǷŭļ£ҶҶľӪһвһҪ˫ַȫƲҶ񱳺ǵڲϵɭ䡣
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һҶôɽ˶࣬㻹ںԺҪһ㡣
֮ڵҶֹսӦҲݿţֻïï˴򶷣ǶĽڵˡ
Ľ׼޹֮ʱˣԭڵϵˣͻȻԼӵϷɱһֲ
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79 
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