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գҲ֮޵˽𵤣Ϊǰ·ˣȴֱͶ˵¯
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СҲͰˣʦ޵Ļ
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ؼ֣ǣҶ֪𣨵ӣ  ǣרħԤ  
һ仰飺ʦС
⣺սսʤаˣƳ


1 ԡ
Ŵ壬̫½ƽһ˴Դһʶֵ˱׫־𣬴δһԵġ
˵־©дˣ˵ǰʲôһܣҲ㣬Ȼи䣬׵ҹҲû֪ĴŴɻɴ˵سʲôǾ˲š
˵صĴûָʲôԵҲôʲôҵ
ͬģ⣿
Ӧ˴зׯƹǾ仰һһֻԼҳԱůҲͰˡ
˵ƹС˸ׯƣʵҲǸǿ˵꣬ŪڳԱĵط
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꽫ϥǣ¶һ޳׵СȣƾɲЬĽŲˮϣһİ
ƹ˫ֱضǰֿ࣬һ˷ܵĻȣüһû׼
ʶ˭ˣһӽŶڸǲһգ˵СЩôʰЩ
ȴûǱֽɡסĻδȫȻȥݣһĨ̵ЦգЩʱΪСĶϸĻӲѴڣнڷ˵Ҷ֪
ǰ˿ûлɹԼһجΣֱգȻеظܵҵʹС
Ϊ볾Ƿ̥֮·֮٣˭֪˲زڽٺЩ֮ˣҲʱøЩˡ
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׾ѣֻǽǸѵĶһֻűѩޣ̸ľС
һƾŵȹ̺־ᶨϱҲ޵˴󲿷ɢ󼰵Ľ𵤾磬ԼΪճȾ
Ҷ֪ﱧŰߵɡڵ˰Цݴվǿɰ˫ˮ΢Ǹ˵壬ȥǵĺӶֻ࣬ҵЩ
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Ҷ֪ͷöԷ˿Լֱۣڸ˿Щƹ󳨵½󣬳Ҷ֪˵ơ
ӺʹһģһҶ֪֪ʧ״죬ϵЩ½󣬡ϸЩҲӦõģ߲üȾˣ·Ͼ͸Ҫһˡ
ЦŴһҶ֪С壬ָ׾֪οûзָ˰գƹЩӵ˶}ûš
Ҷ֪ͷżڵʯӣЩӵ˵ɱ˵Ҳԣ˵ǮƣҲøһΪ
ȥȥȥƹûػ˻֣һڻ󣬡ﱾҲûֵǮ˶ˣƨ˵㲻Ŭң²ѰﾻѰ˼Щû˸жⱾүŷ
Ҷ֪һɴϲɡתߣȴ˸˵
֪ﰡ˾ƾ̽Ŀ⣬ЦǲǶ˵ʲô
绮ʣİ磬Ҷֽ֪ɡɡӳϣĵɫ󣬾˫۶һұĺ
Ҷ֪عʱƫЦӯӯ¶һڰβ˦Щڵ΢ƣͷѧ죬δݵģǰڳ￴ĴϷƵģҶˣļǵס߶ʲô
Ⲣһ׵ĻԣǰҶ֪û˵ȫȻ档
Զ񶾵ķ򸾣ˣǴѰԻν߲ĸĸߴûгĺӣѵȥѰǻûİõǮƣ߲ͷڴ⡣
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гɡãǶ˵ԼԼҶ֪
ûүңҶֻ֪ܺһɽιǣСӱٶ඼Ӧõġ
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뵽޶Ϊ֪˵ĻҶֱ֪ʱ֣ûסһǰ֪ȥ˶ʣȻͱˣΪ
ǰ˻οӣûӦֳߴһǻȴûдǰǱԼŵĳԾģȤ̾˿˵͸˸Ƶģû˼С͸Сӣ곤ŵ͸ñֿ־ʾء
֪𣿡Ҷ֪֧򢣬һԼΨһķѣԡ俴꣬ȴۼǰС
ָ棬˵ԡǸʲôҲ֪֪ǸһǸҪиӡ
Ҷ֪ŶͷЦüڲؿһڿ˵Դ캰λҪҪ󣬾Ͱҵɵӿһͷˣ˱һԡ
Ҷ֪Ҫ˼ҵɵӿֻһٻͷʮëӳ磬˵ЩɵѲȥ˱ͬ
磬һ뿪ɣƹϵĺҲƼˣҪ߲ˡ
ƺ۾˸һ˲СӸɵģ
Եдһ٣ôҡ
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ЪȻڣտĴϳ괩žæµƣż˽Ʋһ곤Щˡ
Ҷ֪ﱳŰ߳ûȦסԼĴӡ
ʲôĸĸǰԼȻѰ˺Щ꣬ԼľһǶ֮ƹȻԼ׵Ҷ֪Ҳ֪ǸԼϷ˼䰵š
ûúûȥ
֪ĺǲҲΪԺͶûȥѱЩͬˣ֮˵˸죬ı䲻˵ģҲǸǻῴ壬ȥ
ʵƹϵĺ߲Щ涼ȾҶ֪ȱµҩ֭ӰˣԽ̰ĽǮ֮ˣӴľԽ࣬ȻĺԽ
ֲҩڷ˳򲢲Ѱ֮˽ӴܵӰ졣
˵ΣŲѰơ
䲻뷲֮ɱЩ˻¼ʲôҲȡ
һעֵ֮ĴӣȷʵֵԼ֡
Ҫ£Ǹɽڵĵѡ
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ĵһ¾ǰǰõָ壬Ҳһˡ
ҪصɽΪȻǲģȻļΪܸõ߽ų̣ۿҪҹˣʹΪһȻҪѰɽһ
Ҷ֪ʰ˿֦ۼָ⣬䷨ȼһػǰΪټ򵥲£ɷ˳򵽵ϡžһҲȼһСָĻ硣
ò˺Сĵػ翿ɲһХžʹܽ˶Ѩǻ粻һ˿Ϩˡ
Ҷ֪ﰵһԳһЦĶͷ̾ϢϱΪؼⱲǰһؼȴûá
Ȼ˽Ų˸Щ
Ҷ֪ɽΣֻڴһ޴Ӱ֣¹ڵ棬ƽЩΣЩ˵ĸо
˴ߵǶѸɲԥһ˲ֿ˿ܣͳһӾ͵ȼˣﻹ߶߶ţҶ֪ߵÿ졣
Ҷ֪ûءһ
ŵ߸ߣǶɸɤŴһʲô
Ҷ֪߳˿ػεѱߣ˫ĿԲ˵˵Ĺ
ˣˣ׵Ҷ֪߶ıһƣԷȴ˿СӿɲˣӱҲͰˣ·Ҳ죬ƻƲˣ˸ΣǱĸץȥɰա
Ҷ֪ļ磬ֻ̾׳˰⣬֣ǰǸܱԼСģҪˡ
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СӸòǳûգЩ֮ɫæױƵĴԼóһҶ֪֪Լ֪˰գ绹Ǳ˼극ġ
Ҷ֪ͷһ̵ܽ˵˵ǱҳԵĶࡣ
Ҳȷʵ˺ö꣬Լٹ֮ʡˣ룬ͦĽǼ극ġ
Ҳ֪λܲǸˣȴһ·ҪǰյɽǲˣҲϲϣù뿪Ƿ֮ҲǺõġ
ŶգԲַ·;ĥľƣɼҶ֪ᶨԼСȴûлԱ˯õ˼ԼԹḽֻͣЦŹ
Ҫ˵˭ǲͷЩҶ֪˵;ˡ
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ҹ˾ͲôƽˣǲòҹʹҶ֪ôֹ۸û촹ˣҲ̲סҪ˵ʵ
ǽҹ᲻͸Ұǹˣ˵֪˰գȺǺ໵ġ
Ҷ֪ﲦ˲ѣΪֻҪǰԼûΪдԼҪ˵ˣһǱǰǿôҪ𣬶˸͸ӡ
͵ɽˣİգҪҲң㲻ͣҲֶӡ˵ŻǺʧˣҶ֪ЦЦݸһǻȹܺԼգҾǳúöŵġ
Ҷ֪Ц˺ܰĵñԼ࣬ԵñԼ٣ݰͰûм⣬ͱԼô࣬Ҷ֪ıˬʵЦ˵Ҳ֪СʲôħϡͿؾĻ˵㱻ȥ˸Σҵ
Ҷ֪ٴοʱ龰֣֮ʵһ߱|ٿصʬ壬Ȼǲб仯ȥҲǶʮҰˡ
Ҳ˵뿪ӣûͻսˡ
ӦûᵽϰʮաҶ֪˵˻ѣԼһ뿪ˣ˵˻ıء
ҡһ۾ȴЦзһߣ˵С߯һȥѰԵ㵹ͬˣҾֻиϰʮ
˵ˡİĵǵĶԻ
£䱸ؿܣ޷жԴ
Ҷ֪ĵǲãԼôнڵʶȻޣǾڽµʿܲ
һ񣬸˵ǰǸˣдΪǲҵСΪѰգ
ڵСӻǰ˼
Ҷ֪δ˵ĻͼһĨɫӰȻʹҹƾ΢⣬Ƽ̬ò͸аĵľɫ
סֻ૵㡭
ȴĿһ˫ֻ˿εҶ֪
Сӣû޲ɣްֻû˵ϰʮ˳Ƹһ㺮˪ָҶ֪۵ӣ⿹ܣЦһںôҲǵһţµΪ˱ƺħ֮ǰ
Ҷ֪ܵ˵ѹԼнʶԵһһ鷲ӣֻҪŲסˣɫǫѷǿŹһĨЦ⣬˵ҵһǰ֮⣬ǰҪҲ˷˵ؽ磬Ϊһʱ£ʦ϶
ڵӣڲڵʦ״㵹˵˵Ǻˣջ֣µشҶ֪һֲǲЬƣ¶ԲĽֺ
ǵʦʦ֮ǰϸİաҶֻ֪żҪ˵һ͵˵ͷģ̫½Ϊ֮ˣּĵܱ˵Ҷ֪Ӷûħ޶ȻҲǼġ
ûħȴٿȻЦ˿˼Լ˵ƳҶ֪˵Ƶ㣬ǿˮľ˫Ǿ㳤úÿ
ǰҲһ۾Ϊ΢ĿСӣ𡣡Ҷ֪Ц̹Ȼ
ֻħ޿һԱ֦ҶڵδЦһ˵ѵɵʦı
лҪ˵
רʦͽϡʦԤգлŮǵ֧
Ԥİ
°Xų

˭ģʲôˣ֮󣬽ݻһʦ
ʦֵãһƽɽһǿݣһ̤綼Ҫ
Ҫãʦصٲˣ˳۵Ĳͽܲ費ãͰŻݣΣ˺ʦ
ϣ˼ҹΡ
Ҳңʦϣͽȥ䡣
˵ҲãҲգԼɿȴǱˣС
ТĵӶģԼξʧ
µħȴʦѳߡ
ĵͽһԲϾܣ׷ʦٸнٶϳ
ϣΪ귽ټա
ҹȻ㰮˶ˡ
ϣûǾߺߵһ𣿡
򵥰İٺõˣһ䣬׷᳡


3 Ե
Ҷ֪ﰵһã˵ԼΪ˱֮٣Ҳȥ뵤ʦϹϵģɵҴԼľͺѿˡ
ҲԼҪȥڣΪӰѡӡ
ֻδҶ֪Ӷǵ
Ե֪֮ڴˣȥ
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Ǻħɫһ䣬˵˵ǲڲƴ֣ƫﶼµӣŸһ㣬˸͵ϻȥ
Ҷ֪ϻڡ֣ʱ˺˵УΨϻܵţ˼ģƫ˫޲ɲ֮
˼Ʋǡ֮ƽƲ˵Ӧ
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ħٿȻһĨ⣬ٿһֳһӣৡһҶ֪˵ķ
Ҷ֪˵Ļקˣħ޶Ը΢֮Ҳδʹϼ˲ܿܿһ
ħָӣһߴǣе㱾¡
Ҷ֪קһѣ۵ţħүҲǿˣĻӣۿɲȥϻڰ顣
ֻħзŻƸıӣ˲˳⣬һϮ
һѸԶʤǰſˡ
Ƕ㲻æס˫ۣҶ֪ȴһ˫ǹڵ۾һ˲˲ؿǰһϮɫıӰٿȻ֡
ֻһ̧־ͻһ磬ħ޵Ĺ׾ٵ赲⣬ħ޻ϮһȦһգ۵ĹԷǰس֣Ȼջ˱ӡ
˲Ϣеı죬ԪӤϣٶȥѾûˡ
ڶ˵ؽ粻÷ħԼԳơҲҪЩġ
ħ޲ԣ˷ſϷ֮ʱֻǹ͸ڵΪû뾹ؾķֻ˹ħ˳س֡
ʱע⵽˷򣬲Щٺĵ⣬üЦڲ֮ȴǱҶ֪ס졣
Ҷ֪üۺЦҡҡͷ
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Ҷ֪ˣϵ⡣
Ҷ֪ﲻΪȻػصǼŭħ޿֪ϼҲͱˣλʦֻӡˡ
ܷȥˣôı»Ҽƽ𣿡ţС࣬Ҷ֪дˡ֣ʮҲ¡
Ҷ֪ڶظһ֣ȴǺ˶ԷĶתǰʳָָ£ָü䣬û˿ܣĮЩЦ⣬ң
Ҷ֪û˵ֻᶨؿԷǿݣֶԷԼӵĸо
ȻεģǰԼ˰ͨ籨ŷҹУ޸֮˵ʲôħޣҰǶܽ
͹ȷſźɫ޷Ŀ˾ǰоķ֮ˡ
ʱµļ仰Ҷ֪ȴģĥ壬벽̤š
֮󣬵Ҷ֪֮ϵͻƣ׺ΪԽǾ֮Խǲ뷲˽ڸˣҶ֪ס˻Ե
ʱܵһů̽ԼʶԴ˵ľ磬ֻҪ֪Ϊħһʶ֪̽ӴΪļ䣿
Ҷ֪ﲻ䣬֮Ҳض޴ˣҲûԡ֪Լ㲦ʹ澳ҲܵͻƣͿ......
뻽ʦ𣿡źɫջ֣ǶЩº͡
Ҷ֪˲Ϣȼâ˫ۣ˵ĻȴûΪº͵ů١
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Ҷ֪϶ΪԼ쿪ԸεĺΣħ˵ʦӲڣԼŻԵʦͷ˻ѣǸû˳һʦˡ
ϣʧҲǾ˰ա
ҡҡͷ̾ǰķӦѡ֮أԲķ֮ˣûлᱻѡϵġ
Ҷ֪ǵ治֪ԼķµһŵģԼǰ˸ǲεȵزѣûָȥһ˲ڡ
䲻ǼѣԻأħ֪ŭҳ֣һİ......
ȥڣҶ֪ﲻͣҪбǰԼץĻԵ˿̱֣ȻûдԼļ֪ķڵġ
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Ҷ֪Ǽᶨ˼֣ʦղԸͽǻԵδʱգҶڲҵŬ˳ػһʦ𣡡
оǺãɲѡڵĹȴ෴Ϸ򡣡ڶеź֮˿ΣʹûۣһĽ̳Ҳδü
Ҷ֪ЦһԼİ˵һ͵ɽѡ޻ʦ˵ۡ
֪˵ûҲǸˣɽԶڴ˷ֵȥѰԵաùԼİЦݺ
Ҷ֪ļߵڶǰһ˵лʦ֪򣬴ɽҹ̣һѡġ
ڣ
ڴѣҲŻڡ
ٿȻǰһڣҶ֪Ҫ̧ͷȴһֻӨֽϵĶĸЩ
ȫȻǰ֮˰ɫϣҴһ˿һϸڣʤѩʽؾ򵥣ȴʱʱֵ΢ҹɫ貣һȦ׺нɫëƣһı顣
ƴµİ˿Ƿλε
䲻֪ӺεõķҼȻԵһҲ޷޸ǣҵиȥң
Ҷ֪⻰̵ͷӦǣֻЦһ
ۼǰӰƾʧʱ¶Ĵȴûټ
سźУֻʧ࣬˻Ϸˡ
⶷ħ˵侳ķҶ֪££µĶů־ǼᶨصҰ޺ħ޷֣ȻųҲࡣ
ϵҵպĺˣϦС΢ĵ棬Ҳһؽ⡣
Ҷ֪ｫϸĵãɵİӿŽŲϵȺۼ֮ء
Ⱥģ̨֮ϣһòζׯŮׯصظ˵Ҳڴ˵ѡһգΪڣʮ£츳ߣ˴Ըǡ
̨ϸϸԵˣҲԭλɳǶ˵ȥ
ĿȻۼ̨ϣֻһأβϦ֮У񣬵ҡ


4 ڵ
Ҷ̧֪ͷŮӣ΢Ц˵Ӳ
ŮӵλףǰԵʻᣬؾмһΣдŮǸףʵһλĺ˵ˣΪӦǷͻڲá
Ů֮ˣ̻⣬óһƴ΢ͨ͸ʯҶ֪Ϊ䵭طԸȥ
Ϊͻƽ𵤵ʿͨʶ֪̽Լ΢ʿΪΣ΢ʿҪһЩʮŨʯͨŵӵѡʲˡ
ϾʿʹĴҲһλģϯѡһЩСɣᱻһ档
Ҷ֪лӹʯģֻЩ΢΢ȵĸо̯֮ʱʯȻΪ֮ɫеˮƣ͸ЩϢï֮⡣
һۣˮľ˫ϡ
ֻŮ޲Ҷ֪ǰǿʯüĿ΢˵Ϊˮֻḡ֣ѭ֮״üһ
ȻҪģҶָ֪֣̽ϣоһƴ΢ߣ˵ҵùɳָ㣬շһ㡣
ţŮЩ֮ɫһ飬Щͬ
Ҷ֪û뻹ʲôͬķⶫãԺ󣬳ݣ㲻Ϊ˲պڶǰ֪
Ҫ˵ԼǰҲǿԼ㲻ͳЩҲ˵ùȥ
ķȴǸˣδйϡҶ֪Ȼɫؽ͡
Ҳ޷ҵԵ˫Ҳ㲻ԸҲڣҶ֪һӦ£ŮòƱüۣЩ͵Ļȣ㻹δ֪
Ҷ֪﹧һ˵Ҷ֪ʦ㡣
ҶʦܺܶʦһӳϣԺԻʦ㡣
Ҷ֪ﲶ׽ת˲ŵЦݣǰŮ֮ʱǿϲŭɫ˭ûഺٵʱء
⼸յ·˵ƣǲܵģֻ뵽Լ˳ڣȻʤڣԼҪݵʦһΪʦǶ£ܰ£ȴԸ
ͷѽɽһĨʡ
Ҷ֪ȴİʱҲѾԼȥ˸ŵ˽⣬ڻΪ壬ԼΪŵŵӽΪĻҵֻвμӹÿһεѡõŵϵĿأлʦеĵһҲδ̤壬գӱ˹һɳϵ״ӡ
˵ʦΪԼĵӰָ塢ֱ
δ˵ǳ״ʦ㣬俴ЩΪ΢Щľλʦ֡
ʱʦֿ棬̾ˣʲôʱҲܲЩ£һıչ
ʦڴ˲ٳ֣㲻߲㣬Թ࣬ԣʹ±չزҲ˰աȺѾɢȥ˿ط˸ۡ
ֲָŵӶʯȻзıչزͬն
Ҷ֪ע⵽˵ĵӷɫͬҲǺɽйأ⾲ǰɫķֻۣҶɲݣҲûдźӣҪ˵ɫգǿ
Ǿע⵽Ҷ֪Ŀ⣬ûʵҶ֪ʲô
Ҷ֪žʧҪѰͷʦصȻǿ׳꣬ɿЦѲ㶼ˣΪϲ㡣
㣡ŭ˼ԷݣȴʵڲҶԣûĻȥѰ˴ȥ˼
ȻһӴʣǻü𣿡
˻ͷֻһŲҶ֪࣬ӵԸЩֳ꣬ϥǡ
ǿ˹æվֱӣЩǸһ飺һü𣿡
޴Ⱦͷ˻˵˸һ޳ģˣòҲǹʮˣһȥա
ϵʧȴҶ֪Щ֮УȥҲͰˣⱻֻܾ⾲һʱ֮٣ɾ͵ûһ˲ˡ
ʦԣΪڣҵΪǸһĨչ⣬ѵǾʦ˵𣿡Ҷ֪ؿѯ˼Ƭ̵ͷ̽ӹʯߵǰЦº͵ʾ֣ʯŵģ֮ˡ
˾ˣֻδ̯ĺȻָ
ϵڴ֮ǰ̫½ֻһˣǵΪߵĵӡ
Ҷ֪нڵľȻһ۾Ϳ˴˸ǲʹû飬ȵĸԣǰɢ޶ãǱԻδͣǼпܷһ
Ǩ½˼˳ˮ顣
Ҷ֪֪Ӷ飬һ࣬é®СǶôƺٶǰԼģҶĵȷʵҲԴԼĸ֮飬Ҳǳ֮ġ
Ѿڷ̻زڵķͬͬסˣҶ߶Ҷ֪ĺá
ǶҶ˵ǲԵְ
Ҷ֪￴շʮ壬֮Լô꣬ǽͬ˸߳꾹Լ˵ˣЩεƿԷĶͷ˵㶼ʮˣôСӻˣҶĶȥˡ
ǰҶô࣬ôˣҶĵһһһδѵĺӣ桢ճӵ濴һʮˣƽǰٻЩӣһҶ֪ǰһ㶼ˣҼ˲࣬õһҪǸŮӾͺˡ
Ҷ֪ھǺڣ˭֪⺢ôȱǾֻ֮ͣҪм͹ˣܸ˸һҪŮΣѲԼ
Ҷ֪д˾ܾ˵еҲԲܣ
еñʧⳣ붼ʣĳЩطЩȱա
֪Ҫ̾
Ҷ֪Ȼúܽ۾һգգעԼ۾æһַʲôëˣ
Էȴǰסļ򣬿øˣɫЩ˵۾Ҳһ
Ҷ֪ľƣƿʮֺ˵۾һǲŽˡ
ֻҶ´Ҵҵع˴յĴδҶ֪͵ȼһյûؿԼݣ˵㿴ҵ۾ 


5 
Ҷ֪ﱾΪڿЦüͷҪЩ֮ɫκԼô˵ӣֻЩܵԤһۡ
ⲻƲϸϸһȻǵ۾ǲһҶĵͫһڳ˼ΪİɫȻµƲƫҪſЩͬ
۾ɫ𣿡Ҷ֪Щ˺ġ
ҶĽѰ΢Щӣʱȴ͸ЩŬŬ죬˵ҵһοʱҲһ˵һ᲻˵ħ֡
Ҷ֪ﱾЩ£ŴԵֲгˣԼ۾ʲôʱƲƫ˵ʲôһοĻ𣬲һƿ˴ЩػͷһۣǾͿɫˡ
ҶļԹԵ˵һΪǸܣ˵㶨֪Ϊѡ
ûڳ֮ʱͱѰȥҲǲ׺飬Ҷ֪ſڴߣһƬܵƺƺ֮¼ǹ쳾˱ͬԼƽʲôħ֣˵һλӵлϵǵӳϣϽ֮ʱͻ֮˵ϵòҵȴͬ
Ҷ֪ع΢紵żɢķ˿ϣ˿˵ᾲã΢΢һЦҵ۾Ҳʲôܣ츳ʳߣЩڳ֮һգᷢɫͫǸʲô֮ͫģⷲӿĽýء
ۼԷԼķ㶣ǰζûعҶ֪Цݸʢֻ߹˳Ķͷ
ҶġӴһֿʼ߶
˵ԺΪӳĴ𣿡
ҲɡҶ֪ЦӦ
һţзĳϣ˭ʦֲ˵ھзԴãϲ
Ҷ̵֪ʶ˵ӦǿѾϰôˣǰɣһ˴ٻеµǺѣһ̤ţͲ֪²Żˣ£иͬźҲǲ
ֹһգһǵ˲ڣҶ֪ӵˣǸƵɽҲν𺳣˵һ̤ɽǰ嫵ˡ
뵽ԼһδɼҸһգǲòΪԼ;һޡ
ԼЩͨ˳ҶľѵЩ곤ЩɣıȰο⻹ɽأҹ˾ĴƲ֮ϣ֪Ϊ߲꣬ſŶҪ𣿡
Ҷ֪һߣԼôΪ˲ŹһվͳˣôҲǻӵ˼ңĺ
ʦ㣬ɽ·Ҳ̫ˣ֪ﻹôСôߵȥҶСܵոǰ
ʦͶĿĿ⣬Ҷ֪ǾˣԼ˵ǱҶСô꣬Ǿǳ̫̫˺
ߣĶˡҶ֪ʮ־񣬻ӦһޱȵЦݡ
˭֪Ҷ˴ĺһ㣬߲֪˵ˡ
Ҷ֪εЦ˼ǰԼҲµĺһ㣬ǸקҶģĻԼֵֵġ
Сʦĸ̬һ仰˵ȴһƽ̨֮ʱԸ̤һҶ֪ͷоһͼ׹ܿǰ֮ʱǵһΪԣĵؽ硣
Զʱʱǹϰ֮˳ȥԽټĵĹ㳡һֺĵ⻹ԶԶ֮иǸΪΰ׳
оԼ䱻קקҶ֪˿ԥס죬Ҳֻ֪˵ʲôûԼǿôˣЩ˶ǺӼҼҵģҲǸֻ̾һŻԼп࣬ǰǰǴ˶ٲ׳
壬ЩŵŵӾͱӸҵϰһλ꣬ΪӦֹڵߣ֮·Ψвǰϣһ̬Ҳ޽ˡ
λ½ϰδţҲûаָ˿ղͬΪǼ˷סӵҶĿɵӵһСԺ䣬Ҷ֪˫ʹ˷ָϡ£Ҳһġ
ƫҶֲģֻԼǸСԺ̫һסߣǳ½ϰ֮ʱ˿˵Լºڣ͵һͬסȻǻӰеġ
˭֪ĵһŵģճƺ˼һϰվҡһӵʦ֡
Ǹȥ̫ӶĻ˭
Ҷֻ֪֪˳ϲЩŵ˭֪˴ţЩ־ǰǰװݸ߲ȵ˼£Щ˵пЩĽ֮⣬治֪ʲôģɽѷľҲѹôõԴ޷ǰһɢ޵ľ硣
ҶģԼøú̸̸˺õʣҲøϲǡ
Ҷ֪ڷʩ龻䣬ŵͳһɫ£˵ŵӵķûñȣʲô廨ͨͨûУֻǷĩȵӵķ°ԼǰڲڳôһùȥĻƽƷ£Լķܶ˼ҵ𲽡
Ҫ˵ôȻԡĵطŵõԡ˵ǹģҶ֪ĵ׵ؾԼǲԸһȺ˻ԡ
棬֪㲻ûȥԡô·ˣ
Ҷ֪ʶǳһЩһ£˿ûע⵽ҶĻ˾˵ȥˣرת֮ʱҶľȻѾ壬һˣ˵ֻǳȥϴ˸
ûȥô£ôˣҶ֪Щеʰ̽̽Ϣɲʲôķǲͳţǻᡭ棬ǣ
ҺգҷŲų½ϰѧķͳҲû֣һءҶɫ⣬ҲѧҶ֪Ķ̽࣬Ҿͷˣ˭֪ͷ᲻Ầء
Ҷ֪һķԼѧмЩ𣬵ҶĵһΪȴҲյ죬Լָͬ
ϴ裬һȺ˵ԡأˣҶ֪ǲŵ˫ۡ
ԷϲЦտӦǣԹ֮ʱ⻷ôôӣһȺŵĵӳ죬˺ѼעһһҶ֪޵ݣֻʵǧٿ׵ʧڽá
ԼĴ˵Ҫ̸̸ľźͨ˵ĲͦģΪԼǻ㲻ʱžһ⾪ˣΪԼнȲʱһŰ߻ط˵Ľ䡣
Լ
һΣҲҸ˴ŵĵط˼ƫϴ˸裡
֪㻹ðգҶİ˸ľ棬һԡȪˮ棬ֵó½ϰָ㣬˳ͻƵġ
㷽Ż˼ҳͷⷭٶȻ죬Ҷ֪ｫŽɵʣһŵӵĹԡص
½ϰ˵ǳˮ壬ϡϵȵȪϲ˶࣬ҹ˾ʱǰȥͺˣֻҪʱԽ硣
Ҷ֪˵ģģﵹôԾԾԡ


6 ԡط
ҶĽռҶ֪ȥԡݣֻҪһҶЩµȥԡصľͷҶ֪˵ıŤ˼ˡ
˵ǰòڣǻĽҰҸһϴϴɣһȺ˾һҶĻɫĻ棬ʲôԻǸ˭˭˭ûж⣬ɽʵˡ
뵽⣬Ҷ֪񺮵ش˸һͦõģڣϴʹͰˮΪʱֽྻǰǺԥؾ˾ôãȴԼƷʯؼء
֪㿴Ȿ顣
Ҷ֪ع񣬿Ҷģһ˾ĲŵӴƣһ¥Źȫһ¥רűٳһСطܣڷֽʵ鼮붼Щ˽ľѧʣҲһЩ򵥵ס
̶סҶǻȥ֣治֪˵ʲôã˿ƫֲ˿壬ǷдšҶ֪Ŷһתͷϵ顣
Ҷȴǲĵطһҳ͵ǰ˵ǲǾ˵ԽңûȤѧľ䡣
Ҷ֪ѹסʱ򱬶Էͷĳ嶯һǣһﵱ껨ԼƷʯڲڣȻѵģֽ
ҲԼϱһְο
ȤͺúÿѧѧԺؾǺʵõġҶ֪ƿǱ飬ĶԼġ
ҶĵǰһʱûקҶ֪˵Լ뿴ˣȥɡ
Ҷ֪֪˺֮ǲ˵ˣѧϰһûĵģ̾˿Ǿɲף㡭
δ˵꣬ͼҶ⸡һƷԡա
Ҷ֪ҧҧһߣһ仰Ҳ˵ˣ|˵
֪ϲⱾ飬ӡһݾͺˣʹ½ϰѾڵĵӣǿĶģ㶼ûע⵽վſ𣿡Ҷ񴿾Ǻѡ
Ҷ֪飬᲻֪ڿ
ֻǡ
Ҷļ¸ˣžǺãӡǲҪǮģֻҪǵûǡ
ҪǮ
ǸϢҶ֪ƵÿҪѪˣǸ׬ԼƷʯǸ鲻Ļ|
ѸղǱϣҪһӡȥ
飬֮ʱֻλź룬ûس˶һۣ˵Ҷ֪ǱУҶⱾڶѧģȷҪӡ𣿡
Ҷ֪ƶһÿĻȣ˵ǻλʦֽĹҵҲ鷳ӡˡ
УҲ㲻ʦ֣궼û˽ĹҲգһŵĽͼӡˣ鼮ҲҪѹ棬һ𿴿ͳɡֻҶ֪Ǳӡˣͽ򽻸
ͷĿòͼҶ֪Ĭһ֣Ǽסˡ
ۿҶԼ涼ԶʤԼһҶ֪ЩʼԼǲ̫ԸˣͱԡȪԶ֪ǲΪ
ҹǾһƬпżĴҲϢ
Ҷ֪һ׻ϴźڳţ·ҶӵĴʱȷһȷʵûеƻˣֱŵسԺӣžԼΪĻ
ԼԿǸˣôȥϴ軹Ƶģתһ룬ĵúãֻҶС̫ˡ
ʵɼҸ˵ҹ·еө˵϶వ
˺һΣǰˮ֮Ů޵סǷָģԡȻҲԶ
ͼǰһʯ֮ϣһСɷǡ
Ҷ֪üͷһоЩ˵Υ֮Уֱʯ֮ʱֺ΢ֳһڣŷԭ⻹ֳܷŮ
ˮԽԽҶ˵ҹû˵ģҶ֪оЩֱߵ˳ˮߣ˵رΪԡأʵһɽȻγɵ̶ϪˮԴԴϵעǱҶ֪еĸɾˡ
ˮн˽ֳˮʮֱһӴһ飬㲻ŨҲǣʹϡȪУˮǻˮǻԽԽϡա
վһ˼Ҳˮ¶
㲻ˮʲô
Ҷ֪ﱾó񣬺Ȼѵõľˣﶼˮ
ǡ
Ҷ֪˲ֻתæ˵Բˡ
һҶ֪һ޶ĺɫ񣬴˿ȴЦ˵ˣΪҪҵǸ
Ҷ֪ҲԹԼأôһ˾ͻ񣬴žͽٴ󣬼ʹһתһλʦӰա
ٲѰҪƯԶˣ˼һãȻѵ˵ŵӦþµİա
Ҷ֪Լ类˸ɾķ£תһȻѾҪƯˣ˳ˮɽžҪΪڵһΪ·ɽĵˡ
ԥͨһˮ䰡¶Ⱥ裬ҲˮûѶɢʱεԣһһʰ˻
ſߣ壬;ˮ¾ůԭԼ
˴󷨱͸ӣܱŮͨҪ˵ͨʲôóˮҲ޿ܣʲô|޻̸֮ԼΪ˵нȣ˵ģ޲ɼˡ
Ҷֳ֪ˮζûϰ˼Ӷ|ӣʪܵ鷢ʵڰ֮ʱԾһ㣬ô˴ˮǶʲô
ҺͿˣ˵ˮԣ֮ԣΪԼñЩһʱʱ˱ˣҶ֪˵ŻͷԼ˴ˮŻԾһѣȴЩæֲСӡ
㲻СʲôˣڶְٸЩ
Ҷ֪бƣˣǣ
ֻ尫Сһ㣬꣬׼ñȴ˻߳һͷͲˮƽôãûǰߡ
ô˵ˣڶٵƽ룬оЩɻ󣬡ҷŻΪûϰŰġ
Ҷ֪ʧЩʧչʵ˫ۣڶЦֻص棬˵ѵСദӦ𣿡
Ҷ֪ﱧʪ͸ĸɾˣԼ˿СһǸɵСššϵˮ̧ͷЦǿ˵ôÿμ㶼ôǱģȻϣ´㿴һӵҡ
ȻѲŷ纮׼ȥ𣿡ڶ񿿽ߣָָһƽɾĴʯͷҽһʵõС´ˮͲõǱˡ
Ҷ֪ﱾǰλܸˣ˼ԭԼֱŵģᾭˮ
ллʦ
£


7 ڱ
ųˮ¶ߣˮ𱡰Ȼ͸ʪģôôˡ
Ҷ֪ǿʯͷϣŲմأԼôƽϣ˼˵ҲԣԼǸò
רעؿźڶ֣ڵسһųĻ棬һףչ˻һҶ֪һȦȦת֮ů
ʱͱˡ
Ҷ֪ﰴնԷ֪ķҲŽۼģɵǳԣ˵ʲôάֽ֮ԷСһȦĻѡ
ʵȼѾܺˣؼһʱڶҶ֪ġ
Ҷ֪Ҳ̸ǶִһˣΪǰ˼ʹķҲûΪͽеöԷԼ治˼̬ȴҲôã˱Ͼˣ
˾ģٴξģȼĻС˲١
ڼɣĴС˾⣬һνȼһ㣬ʹشˣҶ֪ĬĻǰͣǻһ
ϲ֮ʱȴʧ˷ִ磬ǻ⾹˼ҵĶñײȥ
˲࣬˱ҲýҶ֪ȥץҴܵĻһʱҲ֪ôԷҲûһѳǶñ
ţӼҶ֪ҪˤʯͷˣûŶ֮£һѣ˳Ҷ֪ĶǶñ
ֻѩ׵ĳɢţޱԽɫ׺
Ҷ֪ҪĿ֮ʱҲ֪Ǵ˵ŨЩǶԷͲ˿壬ֻżʹôľ룬ҲģһƬ޷ӳԺ
ĵģǻԵʡϽڶԷߣץסǲһҪȼ˼ҷ˿Ļٻе飬𣿡
ᣬҶʧ˽䱸ȻҲҵ˵ǲƽϣָֻһöصɽ֮У㻹һ⣿
Ҷ֪ȷһԷţԭǰİɫվǶԷͷ
ȻҪ֪ԷԼʦӺˣɼȻֻһ⣬ܲ˼ΪζҶ֪˺һһʵʦȥ
ʲ㣬ȥ˷֮ǣŵӿӱлɽǾܼˡ
лʦš ֮ӣԶħţԸûԵǰһ
ӿҶ֪͸Щź˵䲻֪һ壬ԳΪ״ڳֲҳһŬķ򡣡
ʦ˼һԷȥзˡҶ֪ΨԷѩİףв𣬵ӦþзӣʹԸͽܣҲðԼƵôԶ
̫㣬̫ظˡ
£仰һֱҶ֪ƣ̫ظˣظʲôã
ǰҲŹӵĴţϾǵܣӰȥٵģЩν鱨ҲЩ׽Ӱ
ʲôӳչزƵһŵҩЧԶʤ˼Ұٱʲôʵֻǲڱһ񻰣߻˵ħֶ֮й
֮ӵͽһ£ԼҪȥзľǿ϶ġ
֪ʲôأҶſҶ֪֡
ΪʲôҪ̫飿Ҷ֪ûȤطһҳ飬ֲѧǲ飬Ҫз壬γ̵ùء
𣿡ҶЩ񣬡žһҶ֪ҳ˵Ƕȥзˣҩ򣬿ɱԼȥ޳ɸ¼ҹˡ
Ҷ֪Ц̫࣬ǲȥ󲿷ʿҲǶģѵ˵˭ȥոػ˫ɶԵ
Ҷߵһߣǽȡһľ˼˵Ҫ˵ŵƷãһз֮ϣߵĶպգնħϰش˭ңȳһ
ǰջ˵Ҫȥȥз壬һһġҶ֪ͷԼֲ˵ԼǰҲɸޣؾ֮еõһףֻǵʱõֵľǵھź͵ʮʽ޴ʵò
ҶĻںĲĽ߶ţǻǶ˵ΪߣԣԴḻȻ棬ұˣΪ˵ʲôô㣬ȥз϶״̫ôС
ղ˵ʲôҶ֪ȻЩʲô
ľ䣿ҶսģҲ֪ȥˣȻ˵쳾ȥѧǵӶ
˭ˣȥˣЩʦʦøҪϹˣ˵ǽһвĽҶ֪ｫһָյУתȥٳŻͷһ䣬УҪƺӳϣҲ̫ûûСˡ
ΪŵĵӰΪĻҵаֲѧҩѧ󷨻Լͨͳ淶ռڣŵѡ֮ʱֻͼһʱ嶯
⼸ҵɵѡֲμӣÿ˵ǰţ߸пܳΪϵ״ڷͽֳսıУΪΪӰżҲбƸγΪŵӵĿܡ
ֲ͵ҩΪһƱúʵȻѡˣǽȻڱлҶ֪õѡ
ֻ󣬺ķһ췽ŽղصĽ˴룬뷨ͬھڶ࣬ÿ׶ѡʺԼһ׽רϰҶ֪Ҫǡ
Ȼ⡶׺ڲ¼˼۵Ľ䡣
Ҷ֪ｫڶѸĶһ飬⽣ȱٵԼǰؾеõĵھźʮʽûʽĽǻƽֲòӡ
ӵкʽҶ֪ǰҲֻǿоȴ޻ʹ֮һʵ
ʹȻҲ
Ҷ֪ｫǽģǲԸٶൢһ̣ͲܻԼס
·֮ʱһ񣬾Է΢ɤӣ˵̵ˮˮġϣڡ
Ҷ֪֪Լ̫ϲĪ˵Щʧ̬ľҲЩݹлָ㡣
ϼԲۺ룬˵֪˵ڣģ˻ԵҲãҲգǷƽġ
Ҷ֪имһ񷽲ȥ
ǰԼ˵޵𵤣ľǻЩǽٺδܸһľֻн
ǰֻΪΪһţԴϵԼҪѧϰĻк̫ܶ࣬ΣǵӳϵĵҶ֪ĵʹ谭ڱġ


8 
£ڷ˶ԲǴҴһеĶݻ䣬ΪʿԣǵָһӼ䡣
ʱ⣬һɳΪٷĳӡ
ȥʱɬ¶´Ҵң毺õҲ谮
ȻһĽգХƣʱ緭ǧˣͣȴӲһһ˸ߵľʯѡ
޴ƶδһֻۣľһӣľ֮ʱȴӦѣ̶촷ۻڷɢȥ
֪ֳһոµľһ·СܶЦݰ㲻ΣٻеǰģֻǸ߸Щ֪Ҹµľˡ
Ҷ֪ǰһԵۣѺԼһﵽŲҶģ̾˿㶼ʮˣҪЩźãľԼȥˡ
Ҷȴڿն䵽Ҷ֪ǰ֮ʱεԳƵأ˿νŵе̳ᣬǰ;
˶ҶıǵӵлϵнȿҲɱȴҶ֪Ǹ˫еʣ֮Ҷȴ˿ѷɫЩͷ
Ҷ֪йؼ֪ľԼԶʤҶģڷܣԼҲ˭
ҪǣǰԼķĲ죬Լܸõԭ
Ǹ״Լٴʧˣݾ򵥡
ҶķִýҶ֪ļ˵ҲԼһҪٰľҿ˵ˣܺڵЩ˶˵Ҫʼʯˡ
Ҷ֪ҲΣ׺޴ԼڵΪʹھʽʱͷǷϸ󷨷ļӳֵľͿסˡ
ƵĻǲйأŵӳɽֻеڷȥʽѡһ齣
ģ⽣ˣҶ֪ЦºͣһԱʮϲľѵǲôˣЩĿɰȴЩ֮С
ദѣҶ֪з壬Ҷȴǳ׶˰ݵӳΪʦͷһľȥŵƷ壬⽣Ҷ֪ﲢδ˽Ҷǰʽ֮󣬾
Ҳ֪ҶľǷʹˣǸ޵ĺӣչǰ㲻Ҷ֪
Ҷѡж֤˸ԾǱѵľʯǰһһʽҶ֪޶ֱھʽһСİϮʯڣŭ棬Ϯѷ֮ʱȴƺɢ
Ҷ֪ҡҡͷ̾Ĳڽ޽ĽһƣҲͳ֮ʱŶˡ
ʹֻǲھָǶľʯ¸ˣҶĽľ͵ϣΪŵ˵ҿʮʽˣȷʵףֻľǲɡ
ڡ
Ҷ֪תסȥֻȻû⣬˵ϵĸ߽ʿʶԼķУǲڣЩܱȵá
ҶĸĽŲֿʼÿߵ߶ɲǽڣˣ˵Ҳ׼ȷɱң֪֪㳤ôÿô·Ͳ˹ĵ㣬ȵңˣ
ÿ
ΪʲôҪúÿ
ԼԸٸЩŶԵǰĺ׳˵ǰߴͣҪЩ꣬ʿ֮άò䣬ڷνĳϡ
ʵϻǻϵģһΪֹͻ𽥳̬ͬٻǷϽ磬𻯵ɡ
ҲЩߵʦܣڻںԼһߵòΪ˿Ÿгϰա
Ҷ֪ԼʮòһõʱΪڲôʳǣ÷紵ɹĺõطڻ壬Ҳûɹڵļ
ܲԼͣȻЩôЩϵòˡ
պ
һεŵӿ֮ա
Ҷ֪Ҫȥз壬ػһ͵ѡߵĻ
ŵÿ½ƷʯھͿжʮ飬Ϊ״Լʦ
зȻԴá
˵ӳϵĴŽ棬չزбͿˣܵõһָ㣬ͨˡ
ΪˣҶ֪ͶֲԼǰóĿγϣǱڵһյֲˣȻҪμӵġ
֮УȺŵڽͷӶС˵Ҫ⿼ǵڶжá
ЩǰԹϸۣҶ֪ﲢ⣬ƫƫһ䡰ӳϴ˴η˻ûͽ֮⡱У˵һ㲻⵹Ҳˡ
֪ϲյӣҲѧģ̫顣
Ҷ֪ƳһڸŪľҶģŶͷ˼״˵㲻ǲȥз𣿡
ҶķľҲѧŶͷ˵ѡμӣҲûôģҲûܱȥǿҲ˵ˣӳϲͽҲӰҳСС
Ӵҵ⻰˭˵أԭǲڵŰֲ˵ԼĶȥһ
Ҷġҡһתͷ˵֮ˣ°΢ĿǼҲ˭أԭǴӹͼֲøԼĶȥһ
ΧЦһƬͼҲ֪Ҷģ˵ףЩŵĸҶ׼״ദͼҲ⣬ƫƫǴδùҶĵĺɫ
ö֮ͼȻҲίߣֻԱ¶س䳰ȷЩʳڵģһ𣬵ƵģҲһ
ҶƽǰֻΪһ˶󣬿˭֪ͼҲŭָֻҶ֪˵ΪȴȲƤӵ˫Ҷ֪ֻ⿼Ҳѷһ
Ҷ˫ضֻ֣ЩҶ֪δĺô˵ط֪ﱾͱǿҲһУջֻﶼûצӣ㲻Ҫˡ
Ŀ纮̶ͼϵһ˲ֻߵͷŲ㣬ҲͱԼ߳Щôִ͸Ŀ־֮С
ͼȥҶ֪﷽ɻؿҶģĿȴһЦݹɣ糣ݡ
δ㣬ദҲƣΪζ
ҶЦݸ˫۵ÿзһߣ˵Ϊ
Ҷ֪ǰԭڣԼ˵飬ϲŭɫܹģǲƳһ˻ϲ
ҿɲ˵ĻҶ֪ջĿ⣬̨ķƽȰεòãҲҪѧԽվøߣԽЩС·Զһ΢ĳ
õѣ˭㣬һ΢ҲǰۡҶĴ˻˵ӦǺݣȴƫЦݲ
ǺûǺģҶ֪ܾľڽƫ죬ҲҶļпܵŵ״ʦǿԼǧ
Ӧ䣬ͼһŮ޿Ͻ̨Ƿзŵӵķ¡
лҪ˵
С糡
ߣ˵ǵһŸŵÿ飬
Ҷ֪ģܸжǰ붼롣
ߣҪζɹһ£
Ҷ֪ֶҪܣһܸ꣬ӻһΡ
ߣĬ.jpgҲʮ顣
Ҷ֪㹻ͻƾˣݵһΪʱϴ軨һķҽͼѾСˡ
̫֪ΪʿóԷǺãһŹ٣걻ϴԣΪǳԵ𣬻ǵµɥ
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ӣ򿪵ԣߡĪţ߽ؼҡ
ܰʾ
ͼǸǰӹҶ֪ʯͼ鲻Ļ
ʯǷ˵СǮǮˡ
лڵ񵯣лsia͡һյĵףллҵСɰݶ
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9 
˼зʦ㵽ˢˢǰעһǼִϡ
ǰŮΪ½˼ڣſҵн̵ֲʦòΪᣬΪҲǺƣҲǡǡ˵һ㡪зѡĵʶס
ɼʹҲǱֱΪӡ
Ҷ֪ӹַ򣬵лרӦ
ֻΪ񳯣ùģȻջٳɹ𲽣ֲȴҲ죬ɢûлѡΪһʦġ
Ҳ˵¯ļֵǰϰֲͲġ
ģز©һ⡣
ʱʱĿ˽ʹҶ֪Ҳǰһ̣Ӵǵùģ궼ѣʲôͷһ¡
˵գҺܿҪˡ
Ҷ֪ͷһڿˣԼҲˣλģԼһžѡǰʱһѱĿϴ
˼ЩϣҲֻ˵Щ˱ûԼʵ
ҶļջĿ⣬ʵ֪㿼ôҿǸոպء
ðɣӦû⡣Ҷ֪ﴽ΢һĵȻ
ҶȴЦտ˵úܺá
ǿԽСʱģͼ½˼仯ǣڵӵģ˭뵽һȫԡ
Ҷ©һ⣬Ҷ֪һ⣬½˼ϵǶԶ˺ֻͣ©һ⣬꿼Ҳ̳ˣȻǱԣһ͵ڶЩģȴȥ˳ᡣ
ߵҶ֪֮ʱ½˼ʵΪȷ𰸺дǲݻã
Ҷֻ֪Լǰǲݼ̫̣֪мأȴǰд˽ȥһһƲʵʵĴ𰸣ΪҳԹ
Ŀ½˼ȥΧסҶ֪ǣĽҲУĻףعϲ˭ǵһŵӵˣ˵ɳ϶ᣬǵӳϾͼпܳ˹أоһлΪ״ˡ
ҶķܵӦ˼䣬קҶ֪ܿЩȺеǲݾо綾㵱ǳԹˣڿЦ𣿡
Ҷ֪гӣɫԲô죬ԼƽǸῪЦ
ԹǳԹǰ֪ʳˣ
ǲ⺺˱ݣֻǺ߲˽֪΢ֲ
ҶĸϽֲ֪㲻ῪЦֻʱԵģвʣ
ûôСƽֻҶģҲҪ©һ⣬ղμƷıԣδȫԶΪҾҪˡҶ֪ԴͿģʹϵˣһ㣬Ҳ˶Ϸǫá
Ҳãҵû꣬˵Ķԣһᾡȫġ
Ҷ֪̾˿ԼȻǰģʱ仹ǹһҶģֻһƳҲע⵽ûڶϣʵ൱ŵͬʱͨƿˣҲǿԺʦ˫ѡģһƷ壬ʹз⿼˵һҲӰ졣
ԼҪ˵ݻձԶҶҪֻһλᣬϣԼǾԲõģҲϣҶĲҪ׷
˵˵ЦЦΪһڶҶ֪Ҷģһ˻һƿףлˣ⿼һ£ؾѰԵء
ͼһϮֶȥ˵ע⣬½˼Ͻ̨зѡҶ֪
԰գ뿪ˡ
Ҷ֪һ·С׷½˼ԼǳԹǲݣʹĥ֪ڵĲ鶼صĹЧϾǸͽݣ˭ҲΪ֤ô΢þȥԣԼǿ׵ԭΪΣ
½ʦʳϿҵĴ𣿡
½˼ǹһ˵ԣҶ֪׷ʣ;ʵԸ棬ʱȻǲϿɵģظҵԼԹˣȡǲݵͳԵˡ
˵Եˡ֣½˼ıδлع
˵ôһ㾫½˼˸ޣָ̬Щƽһ˵˿ףֻǾ͹Ÿȥˣ㵹Ǹ׷ʵģϻԸʣǰ֪һղμƷѡȥзһΪ
Ҷ֪ôһִ֪ǰҲôִһˡ
Ƕ˵ӳ޵ĮһУԭǸȵ
Ҷ֪﹧һ񣬵лȴ½˼ֹΪʲôҪȡأѵ˲ɡ

Ҷ֪صԼסƴϸϸζһ½ʦ˵Ļ˵߽ʿһ仰дĥ¸ĥѽ
ԼǲΪǰ֪ηԵʣ˵ͽֲĶԲ˵ӳϷֺΪԼһ仰ȥ˵ģƫƫѡ򵥴ֱķʽ
Լˣֻ½ʦһ˵뷨ա
ǣѵǳԼҪִƷ׵λãУ
Ҷ֪ץͷڴϷ˸棬벻УԼδʦʾ˭֪к⣬һԼԵء
ǡ
Ҷ֪﷭šԼһѣ۵һ顣
ҲԼһŵνӴǲݵģǻԵɺϣҲ֮ǰһ㣬ڷ˳ʮôܳǲݻܴ
Լƫ֪ѰԵɣݵӳ£𣬸ܲ˵ԼϹİգ˼ҶԹˡ
˵ԼǰԵģ𣿡


10 
ա
˾ۼǰУ˴Ȼ崦ȶ̨ΪӴǾ֮أĽСЩڳѡս
Ҷ֪ﲻȣһԾǰıȶ̨ǰսһ
˵дܼ٣ػⷨ£̤ƣ㻹ԸģǺôų
һεѹʹ˵ͷλoС
˲Ŵѡʹ齣бͻߣʽѡ齣һ
һϣѹɢȥ
Ҷ֪Լĺ󾱣ӹƷ滻ľĵͽ齣˼ּƽϡ
ҶĹȥ˵ģ⡰ơ־ͻ뵽ڵ֮ϵ˼зıԲǽմ˵ص
ǿײнҶ֪Ľؾǿƫ˵ͻĽ齣ͻζ廹Լ˼ǻࡣ
սپֵöѵ㹦ˡ
Ҷ֪ԲڳʤʮԲ׺ʽڵһӺЩԾԾԣΪ޼ĵӾͲǰսˣֱȶ̨սѡ
߷ֱҶ֪Ҷģ˼ά
ΪĵӣǱҶ֪ŵģˣѹƣоԵơ
ɵǣ˾ȵϱȶ̨ģǶȥעԷΡ
ȺǳǩģʱҶ֪վеıȶ̨ϣĶڵ˼άδҶ֪òԵؼ˼άѾһѸ͵ش˹
ʯ֮䣬Ҷ֪Ѿȱ任ΣƶӰ̨ΪЩԲ׽
˼άվִ⻯һΪֱҶ֪Ӱͣȴ϶֮ˮ޿ײĽ˲
Ҷ֪ˣڿնԾߴǽԭⲻͬػ˻ȥֻ˼ά⣬Ҷ֪Ľȴϲ׺˿һϮԷ
˼άۼˣΪɱûǰ迪˵ŵȴδ֣֮ʱǽϸǰ
ô᣿˼άŵؿԼֱۣȻһ˺۶ûС
ô᣿Ҷ֪أսˮЦºͺÿͬűƴභȽģʤ㣬ֺ㡣
һԾǻҶ֪оԵĴ˼άڵʿԼڵľȴѷӳԽơ
ĸߴǿ׳βԵϸƣӦЩˣ껹Щé®СԣͲǼʵ£ˣռˡ
Ҷ֪ﲻȼǻȴǳζʮ˵ҶʦãֻҪפˣҿɲۣͬɿ̨Щ˵òģսҵġ
ʦ˵פ϶˼ʹңҲҪҶ𣿡Ҷ֪ŵ֮󣬶ƷĿ֮λͲôˣҲΪŻѡ״ǿҶԴжٱ¡
Ʋһ磬رĲ࣬Ҷ֪ΪսߣҪĿԷҪȽֲ
⴩ƣƵ֮ƣӿΣϮǲ׺ھʽİԴԴϵӿ齣һҶ֪ʮʮ
ĸôһ͵ֵʱԼǿһƴֻڵҶ֪޷⡣
˭֪Ҷ֪ȴǺȻˣȫγһܻסԼһ˵ػ磬齣δȶͲ
һȳûֵĵֻѸٻ磬ϻ̵ʲô£үүҾһ첲һΣ
Ҳ֪ԼϰҶ֪˺ˮѹƣƴȥ޴𣬵ɱɱ˵ǲѵģΪʿƳ̬һүүɻ𣿡
ӿӿе齣ǿסѺۡ
Ҷ֪άֵĽҲѿԥ˽̨ŵԾ̨ӳ˽磬˵Ҷ֪ʤ
ֱ̨ƽϢŵӷų˽磬Ҷ֪߹ߣ˵ʵҲһδãΪ֪齣ܲôźأһ˽һ彣үүɿǽҲѾѺˡ
ϸҶ֪Ǳѱȥ˵Ľ˻ôţ±ȶ̨ĲӶƹװյӣȻ򵨱ĺһϮȥ
û룬Ҷ֪Ȼӿ˼ûһգҶ̨֪֮ʱȴǲ̬ȣһαҶķסˡ
ǻۼ֣գŭҷûд㡣
㷽͵ϮˣҶ֪ת֪˵ȴҲʵֻΪ飬һʱЩѣˡ
Ҷû˼ǻǸʲôֻһҶ֪ϣʹԷô赭д
Ҷ֪ﻺ˲ʣȴ̳֣Ҷĵı⶯ֻͬʦֵҪԼֻҶ֪֪д˸š֡
лҪ˵
С糡
̵ͽ׼ȷسƺһǳҪ¡
ӣָ֪ ʲôˣ
Ҷ֪үү
ӣָϣأ
Ҷ֪үү111
ӣǸ**ʲôˣ
Ҷ֪ҡ㨌㣩Һ٣ϵܣʦƵ񣩣үү
ϣ̳ͽܣ㵤ʲô
ӣҲϰ֪㺰ʲô
Ҷ֪*/أ*


11 
ģΪ㡣Ҷ֪һǿЦº͵Ŀ˱ȶ̨
ֻƷʼҶĽָʹ˹ȥһˮĶѸ磬һգ۵ĹʮС
Ҷ֪רעҴһ˿һԼѾȫΪҶС֮Ĳࡣ
Ի̶һȶ¶ĸԣھսдڶԾĵ֮٣Ҷ֪￴˵ЩˣҶ֪Ȼϱȶ̨֮ǰѾ˽ˡ
˵ˣҪ棬ɴ󲿷ֻϾͻǻ˼ƷУڳѡ֮ʱϵĵӸĻȥս˻ģټҶ֪ȫһܲѹҶĻδ֪
ϰƶûܽţһͽ齣֪ǿŭƢھʤǿһУǳ׷ˡ
ıȶҶ֪ԲӮҶļʹ䣬ҲƯ״λ÷ҶĪ
Ҷ֪ıȶһʼǾ޵һ̿˵̨¿ͽ̾Ȥýɴ˿̱ȶ̨ȴǷӿòң˲ò۾̾
Ҷ˵Ҳǻ˰УȻ룬ӿָ棬һڿնӭ磬ɽ֮ơ
ۼ֮СֹⲻǸղҶ֪õ𣿡
ǣһģһҲǣҶƺЩ
ܿӹҶ֪ȫһĻȻ֮̾ǰԾ֮ʱһķӦԹء
ǣ޴Ҷ֪˿ܻ۹⣬˵⻰⻰ȻҲ̨ϵĶ˶С
ҶƲһв׺ھʽİϮʱҪսֵˣ˫ĿΪȾ˺죬һڰҧ飬Ҷ֪е޴˵˭Լ֪ϵˣ֪ȴȫͬҶģ
Ҷ֪ǰ䳰ȷ˵ĻڻԺзڣҶ֪ĽҲˣҲ˵Ҷ֣ʧȥ齣
ȶ̨ײƽӴܵĽ磬γһȦȦˮĲơ
ƷһԵĵӲòӹ˽硣
Ҷ֪￴Ҷĵȴôֹۣƴʹľ޴ҲһͼֲȥʱʹҶˣʵǵ֮״
ԼԵھʽսΪҶĵĵھʽ㹻ıŶԣû룬Ҷľܹʹ
ˣ
Ҷ֪ɴ˫ۣ齣Ƽء
ʵڵΪΪھʽʹ齣ѣҶ֪ﱾǹ˵ģԽǳ嶯֮ˣԽԣֻҪ
ҶĵĶ˲Ҷ֪˼ûԥ׷һõǲ׺ʮʽҶ֪Ϊľ޷ʽ
ٴ麣ûСİǰֺƣȴģҲ˵Ҷ磬עڽʽضᡭ
Ҷ֪һͣ£
ҶȴȻǰ˫Ŀɱ齣ȴڽӴԷһ˲ѿ
ۼһߴǣЦݣҶ֪ʱɤۣҶĵĽˣȶˣ
δŵҲרעؿš
Ҷ֪￴ҶеĽֻҪδɱģҶδȶͲôʱִˡ
ǻһҶ磬ƫǱܿвϸ
ǴĿʺҶ֪峺οΪʲôΪʲôҪƴ
ˣʹ츳ȥؾЩŬǰ׷ѡ
һҶĵȣ͸Сȵһǵ̨Ů޾Ҷ֪ȴǷҶЦˡ
ֻҶͻȻһԼȹǹ̶ס齣Ѹִ̽ۿɼٶð˺̣һδ£ֱ齣ڵϡ
䡣
˵Ҫȡһ첲һȣֻһֻ֣ˡҶȣ˫Ϊɱ¾һͷѪޡ
Ҷ֪ĽǶȣҶĵĿֱõ̧ļٵǰƣǹĵģȴ׵òУŭԼ𣿸첲ˣҲˣǲҪ𣿡
֪Ҿȫ˭ҲûãҶĴÿüۻЦһȰû£֪㲻˵𣿡
ŵǣᶮ÷ִ磬ԼˣҶ֪е㿴⡰ӡʲôΪԼҶԵһֱһûĺӣԼȰ˵͹ΪҶĲȥƴģôصˣʹŲҲʮܺģؾ֮Уһ취Ȼȥ˰һ
Ҷ֪﷽һתͱҶץס䣬ЩɻػͷȴԷڨڨջ֣΢Ц˵ʵҲҪģûа취ͲҪǿ
취Ӧûеġ
Ҷ֪뿪У˴½˼ʦںδ֪󣬱Ѱȥ
½˼ҴҵӣȤܲˣļ˵ҩһºȴĿǸؾܾˡ
ԭ⿼ڼҪ˵ģѰƵķã˿ĵҩȴǲ׼ģһֻͼʤ֪ˣԣ˻벻ؾҲǳ
һϣܻЩģϿشҩǻԵҲ˵ʲôġ½˼ѵ
Ҷ֪½˼ͨһεз壬˼ȫȻڵҩϣûһۣΨһӡֻһ徲ˡ
ֻǲ֮ʱʵĹģһѣ뵽̫½ӽɽĴܣЩϰ¡
̾Ϣǰ׻һ
½˼̨ףŵŹ⣬ǵϢؾͳˡ
֪ϲϲ˴ţԼȥգ½˼Щ˵£ʹ͵ģֲǷ˴
Ҷ֪ﵹ£ʵĻǺ棬ƼſǺô磬곤ҲǱϣ˵ΪҪЩϸǻׯϳա
л½ʦ㣬ȥһ̤;󱾻ͨķ类ȥתһƣȻŶûģϲԼμģҪ˼Ҳǡ
㿴ŵʱ
ǡ
Ҷ֪ʱԴһɫۣھµı飬ɢѩ׷ֻοؿ˵ò
һῡԼ޼ͦııһ˫Ǻӵ۾һ˲˲Լ֮ˣɫƫüĿۺЦ⣬һԿܵиС
ݡ
գۼ䣬˳ĽëȣҶ֪һʱΨһ¡
㡭ɻգգۡ
ôҶ֪ϲ


12 ȻĶ
Ҷ֪ܻ߽ЩԸоһϣȴ˲ɢȥ
ûмƽ޲֮ǰº˲٣վҲǴһֱתΪӷɵ̬˵Ҷ֪㳤ˡ
Ҷ֪ﱾΪǵЩԥЩԼ̫ˣûǶԷǵԼ˭˿ôá
鸴ǰ֮˵ľ磬뷲ϣԼӹţЦݶҲЩЩɬֱ˱Լķ˵ҳˣҲˣǰСˡ
ڲСʲô𣿡
Ҷ֪Էÿü΢䣬ƽҲЦˡ
ʦҽǰҪӳϣҶ֪˹ȻϲҩһҲҪʦ֪ںδ
ֻ֣ĸֳһʵͨ͸΢΢͸źС
Ҷ֪֪װ±ضֵƣҪԼ
ǣɫʵ
ӡᵽֵʱ˶٣ǳЦ˵ڱչأǽ׵
˵ӳϾøʢһŵҩ𣬵ļֵȴԶǺеģνǮԣ
Ҷ֪ûнӹҩ˺һԷһǳϱչز˼зĴֿϣΪ͵ҲԽԼȼü֮
Լ׽֣ض˵ӽǰΪϽʹͻһö˵ĵҩ
ҹ飬˵ڣ֮˵
Ҷ֪ջ֣ǰºЦҲȥĵԼٻЩ֪ôԼգһ˵ҩȻãʹûУҲ谭ԼС
ҩΪԼΪ˽յƷףӵĺҶġҶ֪ｫ֮£޾ϸظ֪˶ԷΪĿģҶĺʤУ͵ǳĲˡ
ǸҶĶҪ𣿡赭д
Ҷ֪ͷȻǺҪģҶĻֻҪܰһԹۣΪԳϿң˵ǵõѣγ嶯»ҲеԴǲԵʣʦ
ҶıؾĻˣԼδ뿪ؾ֮ǰз״λӿܾˣӦҲҶĵԶ㣬ʹˣ㻹Ҫ𣿡
˵ĻֶҪϣΪӽҶһЩΪ˫ѡԼͬʱѡ˵ӳϣ˫ԼǰƶûС
һڿеĿ׾ĻԵԼȴڵӳϵĴԼҪ
˼ԣٴʵǿ˴ѡ𣿡
ѡĵҩҶ֪ᶨؿԷӶԷ΢ü֪Լжʧ¶һ۶ԼѰֻõͷ˵ʦ̻壬һնδӳԽظ飬Խп벻óϵۣʦڱģΪ֮Ϊһ˽ģǵӾͲҶ֪ˣ֮·Ҳֹˡ
˳ˣҲˡ
⻰˵üᣬҶ֪ʱΪԼˣǹԼ࣬˵Լ˵ѽ
ˣʦˡҶ֪ͷǵ͵øˣԼôǰ˵˴곤ˣҲˡ
̧ͷҲ㣬˴ȡǿطŽɽ䣬ִȡһĵĵҩһУһŵҩ˵㣬Ԫ
ⵤҩǵؽƷ
ô΢һҩָתתֻǳģǸãƸҲǴ´ˣ֪㲻ʰգ
ôؽƷҩļֵǰҶ֪һҵ˶ļҵο⻹ǳƵģֻǸǶãϸǳЩģǰ֮ղİգ
Ҷ֪Сؽӹк͵ҩеĴеһʱ˵лоЩů⣬ԷղŻԼ֣á
̫ˣ˿Ƕ|ж˵ӣЩɻ
ˣԭҵֻͦģҶ֪һСľͰ֮ڿˣ˵ãֻæҵĸϽպеҩͻʧǣǸˣǸʦ͵ҩлʦӶһӴСı棬湩֮֮֮ϧ֮ӡ
ԼںʲôҸضȥ
˵
Ҷ֪Ŵԣһ̧ͷͿԷЦˣȻֻǴǹǳȣȴ˲䲶Ҷ֪еעĸоԷԼֻҪá
ӿ֪ʦ𣿡˵Ҷִ֪ʲôǶȻûܳΪǰ֮˵ĵӣ֮γƺ֪
֣룬˵Ѿܾöûùˣ֪뿪ؾ֮ʱȻΪз״ǲٻʦˣʱٸɺã
ӵ״з屲ߵֱӣǰ֮˲ֱʦ֣Լʱҡһ䳤˱֣Ҫһʦˡ
ּ˵˼仰Ҷ֪˺ͨз崫ͷص壬ӽŲϵҶĵס
Ҫţ߶ŻǴ˵ĵӻδȥַߵϾͰƿˡ
ֻ沢ûڣֻҶĶһƴϡ
ЬҲûѣ̰˰ѵߣ˵ǰ˾Ͳ𣿡
ڳĶҺã˭˵ű˵ҶʾҶ֪￴Լ˴Ǳʺ˳֪ջûһҩ
Եͦõ𣿡Ҷ֪룬¶ͷɱ
ۼȥؾˣǽ֪ˣֶԷڸԼ£Ҷһ˫鶯۾˲һͰ͵Ҷ֪˵㶼°𣿡
⻹Ҫ°
Ҷ֪ûʲôչ˵ľ飬ԼǰҲһ£Ƥõÿ죬û£˵Ҷɵǰ룬ЩѪҲǸɾġ
ӱ𣿡Ҷ֪׼ʩ䣬ͱҶץסָˣ治ʵʲô
㿴ĲɣʲôˣҶĲĵս֡
Ҷ֪ȴ̬ȼؿ˵֣Լ𣿡
֪ҡҶȻ㿪֡
ʵƷԵĿףϧţ˴͵ҩҲҶ֪ﵹ鷢Ҷʲô⣬ƫЩСԣԼǰװشǰҲûйҽǰ߶ˣЬӶѣ´ݵЩ
㲻ҶСĵ̽š
ˣֻǲ֪ŵؽƷԪɻ״ۣ
лҪ˵
ܰʾ
ҩȼĽףƷߵƷ͵ǻƽƷ
绮֣Ų㣩---ԪӤ--ϵ--ɽ


13 ѱ
Ҷָ֪ǿŹԪ͵Ҷǰ˻Σ⻹Щ˵СãǵӳƵĵҩ֪ǲǱǰԵҪࣿ
ٺҲǵҩҶС죬ȴǺԥһڽǹԪҧ
Ҷ֪ﷴӦջ֣˳˦˦˵ŵ㣬ҧҵָˡ
һᵽϣ۾ðˣⵤҩôãҲóԿȺġҶûȤɻϣŲ˲䣬Ьߵ¡
Ҷ֪ﲻԼкβͬԳȻҪ𾴵ģɼûˣô۷Ź⣬
˵СʱҶ֪ⷿûȥҶķʱҲûҳֹ϶ԷˣʵɾźЩˣ
Ѿʵĵ߱ˣҶ֪ﲻߣҶҲûжʵʵŵǵҩйӳӵζûʲôرġ
ӡҶ֪ĵûˣȻ˺ܾðգԼҲ̫ˣһ૵ҲãҲá
Ҷûش˼ƭģⵤҩڼ˿Ѿˡ
⵹Ƿ˵ʣܽޡ£ǳĵҩ˰ա
ڸпţ;ҶȻסԼļ磬֮а˻ӣҶ֪Żյ㲻úˣʲô
֪Ǳҩľֹ˻˰ա
ʲô֣˵˵ǻҲ顣
뵽⣬Ҷ֪ɢĪĺ˼룬ҩôܻΣǱСӴͿˣҶĵֱ˵֣ͷҪˣɲø˿ŵҩֶ˻
ҶǴγһ㣬Ŀãջ֣Լľһʱ
Ҷ֪˵䣬ͼȻ´˫һԵ鰸ǰȥ֪ڻŻŵѰʲô
ʲôҶ֪ҶĽվֹе֣ǷһɲǿԼ񣬶Щ˵׺ݣĵؿЩȴǱԷһƿ
ӣӡ
ҾӣҶֻ̧֪һˮ˵𣿡
ҶٿȻ̧ͷˮ˫ۣƵ棬Ҷ֪Сѯʵﲻ𣿡
ûӦԼȴһֵ
ֻҶײˮ֪Ҷ֪ѹǽϣһ˲˾ӣǶ֪㿴ҵ۾㿴ҡ
ôҶ֪ǺƢҲи޶ȵģ˸һٶ۾ֻ类ᵽˣ˻ղƽϣҲȡְա
˭֪˻䱾۸˻һְסһֿʼԼ죬ǽ˴¶˳ѪѾɺˣѵҪ
Ҷ֪ȥȴƼ˽ͭͷҪһ䣬ͼҶȻǲ˱˿Ѿˡ
ôܣʹǻӵҶ֪Ҳûõôĵͽʿ
ġҶȻЩɣһ㿴ˣΪʲôأ
Ҷ֪ѾСӺܾˣȻԷԼԼ˻ҲʱòȡЩǳֶˡ
䣿ֱŭһ㣬Ҷĵ˫۵ʱȼŭ𣬡
Ҷ֪ƿ֣ߵһߣѶϵĵ˵ȻȬˣҲ¶վһᣬһз壬󷨽δ¹Զ˵ҩһʱĻ֣ȷɻȥա
СӲܣģҶ֪ĸ˵ϢվŰգĵҲܿЩ󲻵ܽˡ
˵ͷҲصػԼסһۣҲ֪Ǳ߸Ҷĳʲôҩôúõһˣ͸Էħˡ
ԼͿݽߣŻ˵ǰʹˣƤҲǳúܡ
ײǸڵӣǵúú˯һǡ
Ҷ֪֮ʱԼĪҪ̰˯˯һʱȥƣҶĺЩˣҲЩźá
ҹžƱ¡
һ翵ỽҶ֪ʶ
ʲôˣʶЩȴǻɢȥƵúܣʲô
ң˵
ϵر仯šѭš̽ţֱҶ֪΢Ĺűһֹڽλʦ˵֪˵֪˭
㣬ôҡҶ֪ٿȻ˫ۣŭȵҵҪʲôħڲҰ
ֻǸڵʿ׳ٻҶ֪ӵнڵʶͽħ޵İϷҲǰΣ
һ󲼳ȥȴֻǲס˶Էͽήˡ
δָ
ħҹɫɿ˳ȥҶ֪Ҫȥ׷ﴦʹȴ˼Ϊ̣׻̫ǿˣϲܱħʶ
ܶൢ飬ҶĻڸӱԼأҶ֪תһС죬¸ϵҶĵסǵ˵յ
һţƼҶߺ裬˷ǹ֪﷽ſǷʲôˣôȻͻ֦ҽˣ
㣬ûʲô°գҶ֪ǽߵĿ֦ԼݽߣߺϸǻЩӰġ
ҶЦЦ£Щ˵ʲô£Ѱĵҩ㵹ãɷ˵ؾͰˣҿ˻
˻
Ҷ֪￴·ߵȵģҲƺûħȣԼҲͷġ
ҪţģҺúϢգҶ֪תҪߣ뵽ħǻͷҲĪҪ˯̫ܲһ磬иʲôҲܾЩ
֪Ҷһߵűߣȥ·ȱ𼱣˵˵𣿡
Ҷ֪ħﵱǺ֮ǣֳ޲̫½Щ뾭ѵħޣǰ֮Űֶ
ҶĵȰ˵ҲѾҹˣԼ̫ļˡ
֪һ農ģǴ£ȥţҪЩҶ˵Żͽһãָ˱裬
Ҷ֪豭ûһڵ˼ֻ򵥽ҹһ顣
Ҷȴҡҡͷ˵˵ħδţΪħޣǲϢشŵģУ֪㲻Ǹ˵𣿡
ָǡ
Ǹ˵Ҷ̾˿ǹУ㵱ûоԼкβͬ
кβͬ
ѵҶܲʲôԼˡ
ҶĽȰ㻹ǲҪȥˣһû֤֤νħĴڣħֶʲôأѵʵʵ˵˵ħǹĵ׵𣿡
лҪ˵
С糡
ۿҽҶ֪ճ
ϵͳһλҶСġ
ҶСģ󨋣ҽҵ۾
Ҷ֪/RQ/ة۾ϣԺͲôˡ

ϵͳһλߵӡ
ӣҽ㿴ҵ۾
Ҷ֪۾ܽΪʲôҪ۾
ӣժ£һۿҵȫ㡣

ϵͳҶҽλۣ
Ҷ֪һ濴壬һװ塣
ϵͳΪۿҽԼ۾ûأ
Ҷ֪У˿˾۾ڲס֡


14 ؾϮ
Ҷ֪²豭ȥͷҲǴˣָڱϻһȦ˵ȷʵҲ֪˵ʲôħһ˵Ҳҵһ֮ԣǳϦദ㶼ңȥҲֻᱻ˵ħ
Ҳǲ㣬ҶĴæվأ豭ѵһˤڵ棬ŵ˾㣬ֻǡ
ֻħ֮˵̫޻βĵطҶ֪ҲվսЩЦһĺ㣬֪ңԲ²ţҲңȻ֪ҪֳʲôЦ
ҶĻס˵䣬Ҷ֪ȴǺȰ˵ҩ˿ƺˣҲٽЩʱգҽҲˣٲú˯һҪˡ
뿪ҶĵסҶ֪ϵЦ̵ȥ
ħԼϴҶ˵Ҳû˼Լ˭ĶڣһӰȥ٣ǽе㲻ͬƺʶġ
Ҷ˵û˺Լ˼ֻڳʶȡ䣿
ΪҪûǸ˵أĵ׵飿
Լ飿
˵Ҷ֪δҪ̫֮ɸ鱾棬ԼΪ붼ûνķ鰮ƽҶΧƵЩʦʦãҲδ˼
棬Ҷ֪صھϰ¼ʯɰڵ滭һټ򵥲ػ磬ۼ󷨿֣¶ԣĵʯǲʡҹջֻǸˡ
ļգҶ֪ԼڵϢֻżȥ˼ıԣȷҶް󣬾ͼٳţר
Ͼ뿪ؾ֮ǰôס
º󣬸ѡʽΪҶ֪ҶĶͬʱзƷǰԲ˵ĵҲͬؾ
˿̣ͨ˵׼ŵԼŵӿͽģۼǰŵѵһվǰչȥˣۼͷУŽ˳ƪֹۣ˼仰
˴οؾӳϣͼſųüһ˫ۻЩɣų˵ؾգպںδ£ᴫͻش˵ء
԰գ漴̧һӣһ澫µıʣⱦ
Ǳչ䵽ڵڵ̫УҶֻ֪ӵľһտʼ׹׹֮ͻȻδü̬˵أҲôۡ
Χľ󽥽Ҷ֪˻Դŵȹ۲һԼںδ
ȥ̲ɫޱ޼ʣտϴӣȴûа˼
ϸһҲؾĴڱΪ˲ԸˣȻὫӶ͵һ
ӵнʶҶ֪ֽ·ɽؾѰȻʲôˣֻųʶһ֪̽
һ·ռֲĽȼ죬Ͼ˸ɵͷռЩֲᱻ͵зȥأѰʲô߽ݵʦҲ㲻
ǰŵӳչһΪt˷ǷؾѰһݣֲⷽŵ˳ʶ״
ڴ˺ΣǱʦˣԭΪΣҶ֪һɢ޲δϸϾ˵лҲҪʯھ¥ׯġ
ǲ֪˺ʱʦţαʦţǻڣҲͲˡ
Ҷ֪ٴηųʶȻͷһʣɢĴǵ㶼ҲˣֻӿŲ챦ڡ
˵ȷŷ򣬵ѰҾڻҪЩʱյģӲΪԼǸ֮ˣѰһ¾ҪӽЩǰɲܱ˰·˺
ؾյĺҶ֪ѱ˴ɽѰһڣʯϼ۵ظűһ㺮˪
׵һֲֳƾĵҩ൤ҩʿкܻӭֲֻףǴƬۼȻǶûγı˪ġ
Ҷ֪䲻ȷ˴ǷǱڣܲɼһƬıݣҲһξ޴ջ
ȼһŻ𣬾Ųɽȥδʮͼɽй
Ϊ챦Χп޳ûҶ֪Ϩ˻棬ŹԴȥۼ𽥹磬ǹģһıݡ
ݵҶϸֲۣܲҶгӤĴС滹žӨı顣
Ҷ֪Ǵϲľصع۲ܣȻһ涳ʯͷƼһֻͨѩסë޵ġѩ
⿴Լǰ۴Сļһѵ۾һޣ
Ҷ֪ĪЩʱѩͻȻ˸Ҷ֪̾ض㵽ұ֮ٴοȥȴѩԼţβͻһ˦һ˦ġ
ﰵһ˼ҷ˯ҵԼ˸Ǻ
Ǵɵģ;ǾߵģҶ֪ǰ֮ܵ͵ȥõģֵþ춯ء
ɽȡϢĺڶűݵķ̽߳˼ѩȻûз֣Ҷ֪ӿ˼Ǳժ£Ҵ˳ԶһϤֲ㲻
ҶıͲСֿⶴѨлص˲ŴʮҶ֪պֲѩֻŻպߣë޿ɰСһȻ幪𣬼βϵëſһҶĵķ³ѩ
ʹҶ֪λãܸо˲ᡣ
Ҷ֪ûԥֱҶҪܿ˭֪ҶȴǷһƻҶ֪ļϣ˵һߡ
̫ͻȻҶ֪δҪǰ֮ˣһֱֱײѩġ
ڶ͵ֲ㷴ϮңҶ飬˿̬ûаҪͬŵ˼
Ҷ֪ȥƽ̫࣬ǵı˼άһ˲ֻףӵʿڵΪԼһ׵ķֻ¾ûȥˡ
⶷ϾȷҶ֪ѾоԼ䣬Լŵĵͽ׷¿סˣ˿̱ȡᣬ᲻ãҲȥ˵Ǹ
һ¶ýӲָۼұۣ׼ѩЩ˲䣬¶ѸתΪֵˮľ˫ƣԶΪγһǽ塣
ѩֻδǵޣֻ֪һĿ깥ݡ
Ҷ֪ﻺ˻ǿҪһϮֵ˵СӽվҪˣ𣿡
֪ô㣬ҡûвϢҶָҶ֪ıˡ
˳ʱֻ䣬ȵָϼһɲǣ̹ǵʹҶ֪ﵹ˿
֪˻ǲɵ
лҪ˵
ڶǵ°׷ʦҶ֪ģϸϢΪ϶ñʱǿòġ
ʦϺڶҶıײϵˡ
ߣʦע
ʦȣ֪ů
֪ů𣿣ini


15 ó
ɽ˪ѩ⣬һʱʱΧǽעΪǻϵԵʣÿߵϣ¾ۼı˪ڻˡ
ϣȴһţԶ֮Ҳ֪ϢˣԼһƿǰû档
Է˵ԼɵƴǰЦƵĴ涯ˡ
˵ЦҶĴһ˼֮ˣǽϳҶ֪ǰһ̣Ҳ˿ΪԼʲôɴʱ˿̣ÿһκ˵źڡ
֪ҲԼˣֻûܴʼĿеĺˡҶ̾ϢҶ֪ܾһͬ뿪󣬾û˵һ仰һ֪ﻹͷϣԼ˶ԷˣһΪ֪˵ööࡣ
һʱҶ֪˫۾ƼįӰһǽۼҪյԼǼƲĺڶˡ
̰Ծʹֵ磬ֹģס֣
Ҷϲػعͷ֪Щ𣿡
ͣ֡Ҷ֪˹ȥסҶĵ֣ȥڶСĵãһͱճɻˡ
Ҷ˳סҶ֪֣ԷͶɻĿ⣬һ˵ֺҷŶû𷨣ůů
Ҷֹ֪䣬ñãǰԼͷϣȴǼڶ񣬿侲ԼĵĲ̣ӵԼ
𣬼֮ԼҪúǸǸ⻹һֵµġ
Ҷģˣ˻ֻ֪Ʋ֣ѧЩСںصǸ
֪ˣҶ֪ǣŵֻ˻Σº͵ؿҶЦЦ
ˣҲˡҶһ󳹴
Ҷָָֻ֪ſʯͷϵѩ˵֪˾ɿ֣ȥֻɵ
̫½δǵޣֻѩҲ⡣
ЩʿϲЩģɰĵͽ裬ЩǻȥѰЩǿ׳ܵĸ߽սֻѩ߼ˣȳÿɰСɣӵѩһ׵ܣҪǣһĹԶڱݵĻ
СһβͱҶ𣬳ʱڼ£͵Ҷ֪ǰʱȻ˫Ŀһգѡ
Ҷֻ˻ΣҲѣ˵֪㷽ŲԸߣΪ̱һ𣿡
Ҷ֪ͷӹͼҶһʹӣ˵Ȼûм⣬ԣּɣɱŪ֡
ѩԡ̷ӶҶŭĿ죬ȴʮһƬѩ
˻ҲҶ֪ѩŽԼı䣬ʵ⻬ѩ׵ıëȻеɵôܵΧ͸ա
ĴָָʳָָỮһѪ
֪ⲻޣҪ裿ҶĿѩҶ֪ﻳӣûɵе㲻˳ۣһҾŻǿ˳Եĺãȿζͺܲ
Ҷ֪ѩϻһԼӡʻβʱҫɫ⣬Цһѩ˵ܴ뿪һСأԸҽ
ֻΪڵʶǿһֻߵ޽˿Ըǵ뽫Ϊȹ̵ĵͬúദ
ѩδǣ޶ھĸ֪֮ΪҡҡβͣʶʱػӦԼǺɫӡûڡ
ҸȡѩǣԸΪԺ͵ԡ
Ҷ֪Խյջ⣬ѩȱݸмֵǰǸtҵôĻԵֻ˵Ǳأ
̧ҶģۼԷضԼѩȻ˼ЦһʱûסЦǣ
Ҷ֪磬ÿüһţҶСֻݡ
Ҷļɫز԰ˣɫҲʧѪɫæǰס˵Ҫҿ˰գ
޷ֻ룬ǰһѰѩӦþͱˡǰǸtϸҲǸԻҶ֪Ҷĵֱۣģ˵ģȻ˾ˡ
Ϊ𣿡ҶһȼСĵطɽȥ
Ҷ֪Ц˵뵽ϵʹǰסˡ
ôؾԼСأҪ֪˽ڵʶҵ˴ģҶȴȫƾˣҶƷ壬ֻԼǰܸtһԱˡ
ҶļǳЦҲǷһЩ˵֪˵ˣһ·ǰѰһ̶ЩôҴȥ𣿡
ĵطԼȴûע⵽
ҲãһƧ֮
Ҷ֪ﱾΪҶ˵̶ҪǾңԶûܱԼ֪̽ҪԹʵһϡˮ̶˭֪˵ȴҲɽ֮Уֻǲ֪ΪΣһȻ֪̽΢硣
ٺò֮ء
òһθ̾ҶĵˣЩ˶谮֮˶մ˹⡣
׼ڴ˴ģأҶ֪￴һ·ϴǰҶģ˵֪ʲôҲᣬΪΪԴǷǱͲһ롣
ôءҶҶ֪磬Ǹ˴ƾǰ
⣬ֻ˵Ǹظ֮ˣֻ֮ҪΥٵģԸʲôദҾֻһҵѰˡ
Ҷظһѡ
Ҷ̶֪˴ƽ̹ɾĵطȡܵʯ˸ԾۼһܱߵֿҶ΢Ц˵·Զÿ˶ԼĵģԸҿһ棬·һѣҺϧ
ʵ
ţ
Ҷ֪֮Ծ䷢Էθˣƾʵ˻ԵߴڣҶĲͬŵ壬ԼȴҲܼʱ֡
ԼΪƺ͵δؾģ˵һֱűҶ곤һЩҲֻô΢ЩҶԺŵ״Եֻвͬء
ҶЦҡҡͷҶ֪ﲻԶĵطҲȴ˵ʵҲڴ˵㻹Щء
Ҷ֪ЦЦ˫֮ʱȻнռ˫ֻ۳ڵ
ܱˮľջΪãѭС죬ڵγľˮɳˮľϢ
ֱɷʢ֮ƣѸɢࡣ
Ҷ֪ٴ¹תһ죬ȫ³һ˫ۣѳɡ
ʿ̤֮·Ӵ뷲
ľӯ࣬䲻֪һͺķ˼չ򣬵ԣԼ۾ģҶӦòǱԼѾˣǻڸ
Ҷ֪ߵˮߣƼԼϴһ㣬ʵԼԼ˼龻ܡ
ȻҶѳɣ֮ҲԼһУԼµ̶ϴ㶯ӦǲӰ쵽Էİա
Ҷ֪ȥЬģɢһ߽´һ̤ˮУȥ£ԶһϢ
лҪ˵
лСʹӪҺˮľ˫Ҷ֪Ҫɲˡ
лСʹĵף˵ߴٶˣġ


16 ߻ħ
Ҷ֪һˮʪڼϣԼѩſڰצһһ²ˮӣõҰ̶ˮϣҾͰ͸Ҷġ
ѩرת򶴿ڴĪԼ׼·ˮҶĵãһ۾ƼԼŭܳȥˡ
ѵһһݴõ˻ĽҰ˸ˮˣ
Ҷ֪ˮνֿѩǣ˭֪Сһﾹ̶еˮһţ۶ѩ˵òҲһ̶ྻҲȵİգ
Լˣ̶֮ϡ˲٣Ҳԡ޼ƲϣҶıϾᣬѵѰôһȻ̶ȴԼȾˡ
ûԷˣһΪԼˣ
Ҷ֪뿪̶ˮ˰Լֻˮѩ˶˵ϴˮˣˣûĵ˼һƼˣЧҽǲġ
ȻЧȻߣֻյʦڵǰһŻ⣬Ĭʹ֮һ˫ΧԼѸٺɡ
ԼǸˮͱǱ֮ˡ
ͼҶıһɲ˽ɫӲ˵ȥЩ·ڿǲҪˡ
ģҺܱǸҶ֪ﳤδɢڼϣϼ͸ЩմӺ̶ԡȾϵףһ˫峺۾ӳ̶ˮ΢ÿΪǸΣȫ˼ǲܣ̶ˮ徻ңұػٱǧ㡣
Է첻ȲҲҶ֪ĵǲã£֮˵Ƿ̫ûг⣬ԼҲҲһ̶Ȫ
ģ
Ҷķ²߽Щ̧ҪһҶ֪䣬Լ࣬ϽæҵԼ·ϲ˲ôء
ǾͺãҶ֪˿Ŀھߵ̶߼Լֻһûעˮɵˮ˽ͷҶĸЦ˵ù䣬ˮһСᣬˮɾϴ衣

Ҷ֪׵ߣεЦ˼׼ȵˮԼȾ˻ǿʶ˵ϴ裬ʵ̫ˣۿҶĶ˵ˣ˻ǵԾȼ˲˵Ͼȥ̶ϴ
ܳɽҶ֪ں˼£Ҫˣǰ¾Ƿ˶Ҫǹصģ˼ҪҲͰˣƫֹļֵĶ㿴ŲֵǮ˼ҵӣֻﻹ﷽ϡ
ؾһ̶ͿܻеڶǸԣģԼװһףҲø˼ҿȵ
ųʶǹһһѰȥֲʯϵռ˲٣̶ȴǰӰӶûС
ٴ׼ųʶ֮ʱȴһд΢ŮӿҶ֪ﱾǲ£ǿֲ˼ǳ⡣
ͬţб¹Щհ֮

Ҷ֪СĵؿЩڲһ˻ֵĴֻһƬһŮǰƣ˳Ҫȥķȥ˱ᵹڵϡ
ǻŻ켣ôЩ꣬ҵӻЩģҶֻ֪˼УԼƽʯŶã˷Щ鸿ɵˡ
Щʱˣ治һԾͺùħˡ
ᵹڵϵӻ֣ӣǳؾţΪ㻹ţ
Ƕ˲ûˣŮһѣϻЩδҪ־͹ҶСӣӷһֻ֣˺ô֮£ҶСӲҲûҲѧǸð취
ޣŮ޷ҪܿĵĴҶʦΪ˹䣬αȵá
Ů޵Ťߺ޵˵㻹ǿſ˵һģǣұػ֪õСӣ**ж䡣
ˣҶ֪ﵱǱ˵ԻĵòᣬҶĻͻһ
ſŮޣܿҶ֪ľһָᴥԼնϵһͷ˫۵ʱѪ˿ŭ°ܽҲƣǸɫôҪ˯ͷ˻𣬻ͣүˣ
Ҷ֪ǰʲôûŤôĻ֮٣ôҲڴ˶Ѭ֮ˣ̶̰¾ͶˣǱȥħ޵ؽ磬ҪӶġ
˵ǰڱȶ̨ϻֻ˿ɽһȴɷŻ
ԷԼҶ֪ÿһ׼סˣֻҲֺӰĽֹ࣬ˮаԲɷ
ڱȶ̨ϵĽͬΪ׺ֻǽõһʽƣ籩缲ϮҶ֪һŽԷ߷ڵأֱָʺֻ߶һ˶˴
ʿյĿҴǰΪ֪ˣӮұʵΪ֮ǻҪſˣҶ֪ȡһϣ丿ס˵ϿʦõӱõģѧŻһţǼ಻ѹ
԰գֱߵסļǰҪ⿪ǸҶ̾˿˵ĺãǶΣ
ôô룿Ҷ֪ͷҶģԼһڶԾҲ֪ʲôʱģǻԻȥ˼䣬ϵ£ԷȴȻһ£Īʵʲô
·ˣôûµģҶǰЩһһ˰
Ҷ֪ﲻԼһ˴˵ʲôֻתȥǸ׵ԶЩŮ޽˵£ҪһЩȥзա
ŮлҶ֪ȴȻ˱ɱ
ͷ֮ʱֻҶЦº͵ؿԼǸűԼµһϮҶĵĺ󱳣֮࣬˼ؽľɷڽ֮˻˶Ҷȴľӽ˲䣬һס˳ƶ˵ĵ
ţҶ֪ĳһ⣬˵ʹ̵ĤۣӶǡڡ֣ȴֲϵ˵ԼǸԼĽҶģҶΪԱ
֪Ҹ߹㣬ǻ𱨵ģҶɨһʣµļˣֽԼľȡ͵Ҷ֪ǰôôã
ڰסԼ׺ݣ˿̽ԼΪ
Ҷ֪ԼȻֵĶԷҪԼͬ۵뷨ҶģԼԴĺѣԣһ̳ʲôӣħ
֪˲֪ڸģ㿴Ǹ͵Ϯҵˣ㲻ϲͼ𣿡
ѾǵĳˣҶ֪ӻק鲻Ըѩǣ˦Ҷϣ˵ѩǣ侲һ¡
лҪ˵

Ҷɫǰī϶࣬Ϊ߾Ҫһˣ֪ҪԼʦȥкˣССͣܵԼ˼ҵҶ֪Ҳô츴һˡ


17 
֪ҪһòУ
Ҷ֪￴Ҷͷ̳һţ˯ѩǣҲǱΣʱˣһקͷ裬һϾͺˣòڸԼʾЩʲôգ
۾Ƴһߣ˵ѩǱĻԵг֮ǲˣԺ͹ˡ
⻰һ˵һһɵֱۣԼķʽ˿飬ҶץͷƤ۵ѩ˵лԵ˰ֻͷϵүģҿɲҪҶͿɳԵˡ
˵ĺ㲻ҶһҶ֪￴ѩǵƵصͷֻǰɵģôƫԼģɻȻҲԣ̨һҲЧ
Ҷ粻ѩԼͷˣ̽ץ˲ΧһȦѩǸƢģʱյҶһ䣬˵Ųҽ͵ѩԸɾ
Ҷֻ֪ûۿѩҧҶһڣҶĻҧȥ
ʵΧͦÿģŻô࣬ɻҲ󣬻ôԵʲų˵ҩһֱĻֵġҶ֪￿Щѩǵβ͡
ҶΪħµ££˵ԼǰҲΪԱȾ˵ѪҶɱͬţֻǶԵЩӰ죬Ȱ֮£뿪ؾ㻹˵壬ΪʦͽħʱҲûѩʲôˡ
֪Ȼһȥзա
ҪҶ֪ȻܾΪʦ˵⣬ֻ֪Ҷ˾һһ
յ裬Լû漸գͽˣѵ𣿡ҶĴ˴ѩǵ̱ҧһڣΪ϶˵㿴᲻㡣
Ҷ֪ﲻҶЦ˲ɫЩ͵ĳ죬˵ģ˵һǳҪ£ҲϣѵҲһϽ£ԼδĹ滮һʱҲҪΪҵһ仰ձȶ˵ΪҵĹƴˣҲģֻúѹ
ҲΪѹô˵ġҶ૵
֪Ϊ˵ҵ뷨Ҳ˵ĻҶ֪̾˿ŵ»Ҷģ˵ɱͼ͵Ϯȣ㻰ȻڸңɱҲΪҵĳԹҵûǰޡ
ҶĲ֪αֻҴˡ
û˵ʲôҶģ㲻֪һôʧܵˣĶԴ;񱾾Ͳеģҽ㽻̸ǣһΪ׷ĵΪ˷ȥжԵǷǶԴ׷󱾾ұۣҲȥǨ㣬ҲԸӭң𣿡
ǧ;ͬ飬ʹħ޶еõĿܣҶ֪δΪκһ˶ҡģʹλʦȰҲδıֺ֪ΪҶ֪ҲϣҶԼĵ
ң˱ģֻڱ˵ĵ·ԽԽ
֪
Ҷ֪￴ԷĿͣڶԼ˵ʲôȴһҲΧҫ۵İ׹ʹò˫ۡ
֮ʱĿǲΡĴ
߳ռӳϣλΪˣؾ峤ϣֻһλҲ֪λԼҪݵʦǵӳѹû
Ҷ֪һ߸ӿ϶ӦÿŶͦϳģһ߰ԵĪ治״ˡ
ֻλϵôӣ

Ҷ֪￴ȺǵϿɲһŮԼĿҶϵͼ˸ǿ
ǻ뿪ؾһǰߵţҶģҶΪԵɱͬţǵҲ֪ʲôаŹŲЩҪ˵ӵ
ⲻǶȸ״Ҷ̷֪ҶĳʱȻҴ㣬ȴδҪžһȣɱͬţȻѪˡ
ҶıһģȻ˵мذһۡ
Ҷ֪ﵹˣԼ֤ҷҲԼìͷʼվҶһˡ
ĺü֮ɫԱ˵˵ЩŵӹزϣҲڿҵмҹһĽһƫǲ񲻹Ǹؾˣ֮ͬ£ɷϷˡ
ɫׯ϶˷ϰ˽ɳЩֻۣɨһڵʵ˻б⣿Ҷģ
δҶ֪޹ۣ֤֮ĿãŻӹҶߵڵأϡ
ãȴһվ˽
ѵҶ˵Ķ𱨣
Ҷ֪￴Լµļˣһæ֮ͣһ㡣
ۿŽɳϲĵԼе״һλ³ҲʼŪһոµ齣ӳϹȻûղǷ֮Уз״Ҳûлˣ
Լĸ֮ʵ溦Ҷ
֪ҡ
ǡ
Ǽ񣬷Ǵƣţʩ󱨣˲׷ڡ*
ԼԾˣ˱ԼԸΪԼӦŬ壬ȡ֤Ǻھ֮¡
ֻʦôʱ֣ѵڸ
ţǱȥ˵Ҫɱ˵󻼣˵֮ŮޣҶ֪־˵ͼΪ͵ϮҶĲɷɱģӲ֪ôϣòŵ࣬
мϸﴫҶ֪Ķ䣬ѦȻգΪҪȥ壬ûų˵İա
ҲУȴûҶ֪һǰ˵ĵӲһվ˵
Ҷ֪￴˵֮ˣڱȶ̨ϰܸԼ˼ά˼άĿ⣬תͷҶ֪΢Ц˵ͷ
Ҷ֪м֮࣬⻹ǶԼǰƶգǴڷ˼ҶģԼֻο֮£
֤ȷ䣬˶ϣֻǻȥʱ򻹲һҧ˽Ҷ֮֡
ףȻѡִؾѩҶΪ״Ҳ½½Լʦ˻ȥҶ֪зĿױˡ
ӳϿΪƵ۳ü˵Ҷ֪Ϊ״˷ʣһգɱЩϹǶ˼Ķɱ󷨷ǿұ졣
ʽ峤ϹĮ齣˶ɫ˵ȤǸʺȥʽǡ
ֻһֻɫָ⣬һ
ŽֻģüҶ֪˵Ҷ֪з嵤ӳϵͽˡ
˵ʹҶȥˡ
Ҷ֪ϲ̻صסʰΪļʲǰзȥˣںôȲͶʦĵУֻһҪһ𰸡
һɾŵӷ£վзǰȺſһǻص˼ŵĺӡ
̤мȻǵӳϣлϲ˿ֻĿƵڿ֪𣿡
лҪ˵
С糡
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Ҷģ֪......
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ʩ󱨣˲׷ڡ


18 
𡣡
𡭡Ҷ֪ظһ֣ϸϸζһԷʱһܸ֪ԼϺ͸м˫һֻ鶯С¹һԷСĵʵԺԻ𣿡
ʾҶ֪Լȥ
ԴЩеĻ˵ĺΪ뻽һʦܡ
Ҷ֪ϴμԷʱżȻ뷨Ҳôһ˲˵ӦòʲôеС飬ĿרעڶԷºÿıӰ˵Ҳҡ
˵ǲңҲԳƵˣûתֻǲ˫ÿķҶ֪˵ֻԸѵóɣҼȲзʦܣҲֻڴ˵ػ
Ҷ֪գգۣȻһ뷨ѵԷǸظ飬ת˲;ԼΪԷУ͸˺˼벻ء
ܱǸҶ֪ԷͣפãҲԾʧ񣬡ңҲǹġ
̧ţǽߣɺã
ŴԣҶ̵֪ͷԼĽţⲻһǻԼһŲ˼ҷصϣ˰ơ
ƽ֮˽һŷ£ҲൽԼǸ׽ģնǱģǱۣȻ˿ûע롣
ϽŲţǸԲҵ治ǹȵģôÿİ£ȻҸϴɾա
Ҷ֪￴ԷݣӶԷϢУоӦЦ
ÿϲ𣿡ֿ̧䡣
ϲ......Ҷ֪СӦһ䡣
ڶǸ⣬ˣǵһأǰţûҪش𣬼˵СԴϣԺҪٺ˼Щźá
Ҷ֪ԼԴԼǲ̫
˰Ĺ
ƿһţ֮䣬ѱʱŻعҶ֪ʵһ·ķ羰Ǻҹǰ죿
Ǿ첻죬Ψǰ֮ʵġҶ֪Ӹ̤һ̣Ѿ쵽ǻþʵĻشȴڿر⣬Ϊһ·˫ֻΨһʵˡ
ֻߵһ߳ǰһ̧֣ƾվͳʮֻҫө⣬γɵİɫЩųǰط軷ƣ䣬Ǹ
ңֱӱС˵ĵ¯֪ݵһöµŵɽ䡣
ǵڶ飿
Ҷ֪˼ƽϣԻþԼרעͷֱ÷ԼԺ۹⣿
˵ʵڵģһŵĵʦҪѡ𣬼ʹҶ֪һһˣҲѡ¯գžڸԼˮˣ
֪⼴ʦļ񡣡΢ͷʾǰˡ
Ҷ֪Խɻˣ涼ûôռ˵˽Դѣǲ񣬿Ҳ̫˰գѵǡ
Ҷ֪ǰһڵأͷ˵Ҷ֪óϲ£δܵüʦ̷ϥ£ʵڴߵлʦʹͣպصרУصӱ֣ʦ̻壬ʦٹ⡣
԰գȡϵϣ˵Ӵ˴ؾ֮УûԵջݣʦʦ𡣡
Ҷ֪˵ͷǰϧպ˱ݣ̧ᴥ΢Ķϣ˵Ŀɹȥʦա
ĴУҶ֪ͣһ˲֪ԷԼҲôˣɾЩ˵ζ
ջ֣ŲĿ⣬ߵǰǵ¯ɽ䣬úתԷл
ôֻ˵¯𲽵ߣָָƷЩɻ󣬡ǲã
ʦͣô֮˵ѵһ飿
Ҷ֪͵ʦ֮ʵ̫أµ¯ָˡ
ʰ͵УºȰ˵صǵӶڵĸһĵãǱ룬Ҳ·
ɽ䡭ɽָϴһ˵ʽƷζҲˣԺٻÿҲ١
˵ŻǣҶָ֪֣ȻǴŵӵɽ䣬ͽöµĸָϣƷǽ¿ʹõߵȼˣܹܺõ䲻ͬߵָ
Ҷֱ֪㶵ؿŶԷһǰزһ̫мˣһǽ̫࣬Ҷ֪ＸӼôļⲻŬѧϰôԵʦ
֪ʲôɿ֣üĿʵ
Ҷ֪תŽָᶨػشʦڸʦҲδɣľᱲģӶ׷ʦĲʹ̫飬ҲҪһר־ʦ֮գԵΪ
оľͺãһذգ˴ǰȥסġ
ʦûиӴ𣿡Ҷ֪леڴġ
ûУҶ֪ȻЩʧ΢Ц˵ʦҲͦġ
ĿҶ֪뿪󣬰׷Щػصλϣһ֧ŶǰѶǸӣԳһЩ
Ҳ֪ձֿɻУ
Ӵһֻ鶯ԾİɫҫŵǻڵзһĹ켣Į£Ȼ䵽ָ⡣
лҪ˽һˣԳѽġ
ʲôѣ
껰ܣɫ䣬ۼֿסΪ˵ȥٸȥûϸԼƤ
ۼӻ趯̬˱̾۲Ϊһó黹ǵü
˿̣Ҷ֪½˼Լз䲻ľʹ˸磬ɶͷԣһãȻεЦЦ˵зƸЩЩ˵ա
Ҷʦ˵Цˣ½˼ΪҶ֪ղŻǰҲû׼ͱָ˵Ҷ֪Ǹദģղᵽλʦ֣Բɣڲֳƺӻƺһʦ棬һʦ㳣ƺϣʽϣֱʦҲ׼Сһʦʦ㡣
ӵʦʦֽʦĵӣᵽ֣½˼죬˵Ӵ󵨣һʱʧֱʦˣʦˡ
߽ʿıѲΪ֪Ǻϵϵʿἰ䣬˵ǧܸ֪֮ڸ֪֮Щʲôмأһλǧȡ׼
Ȼ½˼Ӧǵ𾴣ǿ־壬Ͼ̫½˭֪ΪߵǻڵĵӣԼʦ䣬Լ֪
˵˭ֻ벻ȥء


19 ػ
ĴʦԵʦδ˵һλ֮ˣһ
Ҷ֪ͷ޸ԣǸɵйա
½˼룬˵ĶʦպΣҼһ棬ţô˵أһλСڣΪ֮ˣдڸм
СڣһӦʦգĴʿûҲǳ
оǵӵʦˣ½˼ᵽĿ羴˼֣ʦһλĪ֮ˣ֮߻˰ݷ֮̾
Ҷ֪½˼ϲĸУԼеʦϸþλʦ־Ǹʦˣֻǡ
ֻǾ˼ʦ֮Ϊ˳֮գΪ㶼δἰλʦֵĵأ
½˼̧ͷգһԵؿҶ֪˵Ӵδ˵λĵҩƲףͨȥա
ɽʱǲˣ˵Щз£Ҷ֪͵лǰ½˼ס
ƿ飬Ҷ֪ԥһ󷽲̤ڣ˵ԼǰǿǵĽסڱ˼ӣŲȥҶͬסĽԺ䣬ǰҪĵط泬Լѷı
ȷ˾ĺլҪôһЩΪʵڲ񣬿νǼһؽ磬ӣĿɿڴ
һ˵۹⣬Ϊʱ½˼ŵ˲ҲǱ鸴ӣȻεÿ죬ҲǾˡ
Ҷ֪վھź˯˵Ĵ֮䣬ԥˣˣԶһȲʲƵ磬Ǻŵһԣ̶עԡأر߱ɴ֮ɷǵġ䡷
ڵƣЩ룬ԡݸ趨ƣͣڴһҲȫõĵǰʵϵϢǲ˯ҲܵõܺõĻָɫԼϲֻ
һպȻ˸ô죿
ȻҲȥȡԼСԭش
Ҷֽ֪ؿٳһСռ䣬Լסһһã˵㣬ﵱ˵㡣
ˣˣһʦĿ飬ϲԼ֮ǿգʯأڡ
ôڣҲûˣ˵䣬ͷ˯Լıϣзĵеߣ䣬治ڿЦ
ʿξУһ㶼ԤʾЩʲô
ڣҶ֪˯ڵ棬ΪһţǸоԼˣƮƮһƬƶϣƶĴʣЩůǼŵµϢǡ
ǡ
ôˣҶ֪һסԼ֣Ȼɵ˫ۣһյʱǰ
üĿ͵سЦЦϻľƷ
˾̫Ҷ֪ԸԷ˳̵ĽëظоԷĺ
Ҷ֪ﷴ֪Լʱһѩķ˿ƫͻ
ΣΣҶ֪ͷԶҪըˣôܻĴУץ˸ͷ΢ȵ˽ȥ˵˯ˡ
ȻԣԼôͷǴ
ҶʱҲ¹ժҶ֪ķָٺڷ˳һߣҪһദ͸Щͬ⣬ʵˤˣ
Ҷ֪ﱧͷ򴽣˵ѾˣҲˤȥġ
ֱӣͷ۵ϵӣ֮ʱֻΪҶ֪ӵģԭ
֪Ǹϲ𣿡һ飬Ҳһֺܸߵľ硣
ΪΪҶ֪˵Լǰ֪ôеˣͷԼͷָ˵ΪɫѾ˯ˣô
Ѿˡ
Ҷ֪סˡ
ĵʱѾʼˡ
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˵ˣھ͸ߣ˸дҶ֪
зһ죬ԼȻ˯ͣץ˸ţڳƣص棬ֺԼʲУ˺ѡ
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Ҷ֪汻ˣæˣ˵ˣ˵СʱһǷǳСˣңҲ˺˯ң˯ϰߺܲãȥ߱ӣҡ
˵ѡã죬ɫЩࡣ
Ҷ֪ЩؿһߣѵԷԼĻˣ
˭֪ȴָ˵ǻ˯˲ãôһϻ֮ⷽأ
Ҷ֪˿ֻԼ˯˲ǰԼ˯òǷ֮أˣԼһһҹ߲
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ҹͿҲڵ˯һˣǴ˵״ӵõʦֻΪԼʦչأһθԱȽ϶һ㡣
ȡһȫ´׵Ʒ£ḧ澫»Ľɫ׷£ûкӣԼһЩ޶
¶˶Ҷ֪ϣʾ̧֣źͣ˵ͺãһ²㣬ֳأôϲ𣿡
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׼ģֱ̧Լü䣬һǰôߡ
Ҷ֪÷£ֽӹһϣһ磬Ӱ˺ڷ
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Ҷ֪ˮľ˫һˮľ齣ʵһݴ񣬸ο齣Ա仯Сֲֵ֪Ρ
Ҷ֪ȻǸм֣ΪԷЩʲôʹС£ҲԼݶ顣
Ϊ΢ΪЩʲôͺˡ
һ˵ҺѵĶЩģ֪ȥΪѰѵ鼮Ƿ룬Ҳ뷨ġ 


20 
ѣ飿
Ҷ֪ȻԼģ˵ҪǷ뷨鼮Լỹϰ
Ҷ֪﷭ڶ鼮ѪΪ˵飬ʫµʿɱĽ
ֵȣΪֵ߲嵶ڻ£һǻѪ
ǽĳ
Ҷ֪ȥͼŵӷεŮӶ¥Ƿɫ죬ȻԲͬɽ壬ȴǽƵ֡
ŮһˬӢˣ˵Ҫſȴƫۼᶼˣ˵͸¶顣
Ůᣬ֮䡭
ԣŮס죬Ŀͣƶֵܣ
ᶨһµصͷŮĿؿԶ˵ɫʲôʱдһŮ֮֮Ʒǲ
СϢƺڳﱸˡ
Ҷ֪￴ǸпǧȥıӰȻԼҲŵӣѲؾһ¥Ѱ鼮ˣеö򣬵һεĶ㡣
Ҳ֪ԭͱһ֣ǽʲô£ǰ˳ӣէڶ˽ҲǺõġ
Ҷ֪ǰ֮˵ļ磬ʵʶҪŶӵ𣿡
ǸŵĵӣƽӦҲǸĳ͵ռҲЩǰ׫дĵãԻȡʯ⻹ҪлһʦΪ˿ɳƳ¹棬ҵȽڴ˾Ϊ˻ȡµ鼮
ǲ飿Ҷ֪Щ֮͵ļƣӶѵĶ˰ա
˳˼ԥſ˵ұҪϾһ˾Ͳ跹˼˵ⲻǺ飬ʵģо绹ԼƷζֻǰѣ
Ҷ֪Ҳ֪ôϡͿظŶ飬зţĴָתתԼɽ䣬ĵΪԼǾֻһ޹ص鼮ģҪ͸ġ
ʱ붼ûͶ໨һʯ˸װ档
νװöװڽ򣬻ֽʵ鼮˵߽ԼһΪǽд֮ʱյߵף
ϸϸԼͻҪΪ˶һǸأ͸ЩҲá
صз壬Ҷ֪˴ǽнлǸֵصͷ˵лʵڲҵմæһδ֪
ŶָУе֪ʲôˣ
ǰҵǼؾ֮вǱ֮ʱΪϮΪ˷ˣʵһֱϧ棬Ҷ֪̾˿ϧΣˣȡʾ˵Σԭ𣿡
ϧˡ̾
Ҷ̧֪ԷҲ֪ǿϧȴЩϣԷ½⡣
ϧ⶷ֻһģ´ͬ෨ɺã
Ҷ֪۾΢üӹһŻ⽫ΪУ˵һΪ
ͽ׷ѣֵԶΪѰ鼮⣬Цºõģʦѵѵ֪㼴ɵз嵤ŵһͬѧϰˣǶԵв֮ǵûҡ
޼ۣԼôûûҲ˼ô˵ô룬ݶ飬һҪġ
Ҷ֪뿪صԼס鼮ȡȴǰûз飬ԼΪ΢۽Զ֮ȴ˼תۿԻΪҽͨ
һϴġѡֻ֣ԼʲôʸФΪ˼ҵѡ
鼮鰸ϣȡʦöĵʶĶʼϰ֮Ӵ󣬾нʶ˶ò̾ûʮǲܶġ
ӣʦ㾿һǿ֮ˣ
Ҷ֪񲻹ǵţʦƲϣһζ̰õġ
֮˸ΪĵԼؾѰõֲʼϰǴǰӴ֪ʶֻ˵¯ܹѧá
ʦԼ𣬿¯ҪǰʹùػģǲҪ
޵ϰ峿ǰҵҶ֪νΪ״ʹǳβγ̣Ҳ̫࣬ܲԼʦ
һ̤뵤ңҶ֪ͱȻߵ¶Ⱥ۾ʹ̣һӦ˹Ҳ޹ֺз嶼綬ˣȻסҵĵȡ
˳֣Ǹۣ˵Ҷ֪һװͲӿɱȵģĿѰλ£ȴλԤڿ֮˺ȻˣһӱĴ񣬸˵װݼҶʦ塣
Ҷ֪ʵһѣôҲǻˣ侲Գֵǲѣһ̧֣ݻصضҳϰʦֶߴͽ̡
ʦݺƣ˸ơ
ڵһѧϰ뷨ǲʵˣ˭Լ־з˳ߵأλʦţȻҲòϴΣЩΪĿҵһҲᷳʦС
֮֮ѧϰﶼһġ
Ҷ֪ȡ¯Ҫڵػ𴦣ȴһ̾˵ʦⵤ¯ǳͣ
ȷʵˣҶ֪ԷĿתģʵкر֮
Ϸ鵤¯˵ֻף֮ʦ֪ߵ¯ԣѯʵĿ⿴Ҷ֪ͷŽҿһۣ˵˵¯ǳʱùģſԽ׳ɵ
Խ׳ɵ
Ҷ֪ЦԵӵʵֻǼʹû¯ҲƷķλи޵ģʦԼǲⵤ¯Լصúϧʹá
ǣ׽¯ڡ
Ҷ֪Ц˿ţҲͰˣ˻ȥо¯ģѲɻĤһԼʦ¯ң
ɳòǿЩ˳ŶԷָȥǡġ
ʵɼƵķģ
׼Ҷ֪﷽Żɫ˿̺Ȼֻ˸ףһʱδӦ
Ҷ֪ȴǰҲȲãһקס˶Է䣬˫ĿԲɻںδģ
Ҫ֣ȴֱץסֱۣظһδǳԼ̵ģʦʣȥһʡ
̵ġ
Ȿǵӵĵ¯Լλûʦôб¡
ֻ˭
ⵤ¯ԼǰҲͿˣ״ĵӣԼȡǸˡ
ԼͶ˵¯Ǹˡ
Ȼ
֮ޣѻ֮࣬˳𲻹죬ǴδڣԼϵһգȻ룬ȴǱԼȡλã֣Լָ˭Ѱ
ʦ壬Ҷʦ壿ɫյػ˼
£Ҷ֪ĻδŭĿӡ
ôӿء


21 
ʦôˣ
꣬СЩ۵õġ
һأ˭ûʱء
Ҷ֪ɿ֣˿ĲѾΧÿһϸﶼ˺˼ϵؽʵͻ֮䡣
ԭΪôЩ꣬ԼѾǰֹˮʱԼйʧܵһ
Ϊ̫ĥǹӣԼͷѡ
ǸΪ𵤵ɢޣǣԼء
ɾԣĪǵԱˣûĻһ¯
Աİ˺ԾɺХڶߣҲƵÿ䡭бը

ٴμˣصýʹʮ
ڵͽ׵ǻ˽һק֮˵Ц״ӲˣĿЩʲô£ֻǶͻը¯
죡Ҷ֪һǳ⣬˽羪֮һͲָ˵㣬˵Ļ˵һ顣
ָָԼȷϺվԻѹЦ˵ʦӺݣΪ˺ƣӰݷ
ﲻ𳤣ƪȥһ췣Ҷ֪˻磬ɫ˵ϣ֤ȷܽ߸õ
׸Ͻµĵʹ˸ɫ˵Ҷʦ巣ȥһˣ֪ˣ뱻з壿
ǰѼ㣬Ҷ֪зĳ״ûбΪӵķݣΪƲ˼ӣҲöԷ֪ʶȤС
һҲδǸݵʦȼֱ۽ϰ
Ҷ֪ﵱû׼ǵ¯ȼΪ֮ҪЦǰը¯ˡ
صסȡ¯ϸһķ䣬ƺҲȷһΣԼǰĵط
ȼͶǵ¯Уȴһʹ֮У׻ǿ־壬Թޡ
֮ҹǳҹߣֻҪ˯ҵĥĿʹǴϢҲԾġ
ǿ粻ֻѡӱܻһѰ¯ô³ΪԼһӵħΥ˵ںͻԡ
գҶֳ֪ȼͼ̽¯ɽ뷨͸Щ亹
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Ҷ֪Ϥδͷͱһѽק˳ĵĻ𣬹ǽŵ˵ҪԼ˻ǵ޶ģ
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ҡҶ֪ԴӵҿγҪõ¯֮󣬾Ϊ̤˷ħֻнˣ۵࣬ƣؿҶģ˵һµΣұͶ˵¯ҵǽԻ궼޾ĥ
Լ΢΢Ŷ˫֣΢ǺĥΪѾ㹻ǿˣΪԼԾȣң־ֻĥ˸á
ѹֵĻ˵˳Ҷ֪ǾźЩ
ֻΣ֪ңᷢ£ҶļɫЩȰȻǲҪˣҸҸµ¯ҲУ
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Ҷ֪ջĿ⣬һ£ʵң£
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Ҷ֪Լȷʵֻľ޹أԷҲôЩ
ձˣ棬ȻҪԼȥͶʦġҶ֪Ц
ʦҲû𣿡Ҷ֪ʧԣ²豭µõ齣ǰ˵ʻʲôϲʦҶҪΪǿĽޣ˭¯ҾͽնƬ
걻նƬĸʹЩҶ֪ԹԼػЩʲôҲЩã֣Ҷ֪ﵱ̫ˡ
Ҷǰ˵õĻҲ֪ǲǶϰߵԭŴǰÿڶߵ߶ǻ˵
ֱҶ֪ʵѵֹס˵ǷҶķŲ鲻Ըȥˡ
һߣյķ䣬Ǳסĵ¯Ҷ֪ע⣬һԿ˷ħ˼ŵ¯ģ治֪ΰѡ
Ҷ֪ͻ룬ǲӦһͽŴ󣬴ϸһһܡ
һŸı䵤¯Сһ治ܿƵش˯ͷһһ㿿¯
Сģ
Ҷ֪ĶͷȻײһůģԷطסļ磬˻ؿԼϣЩʵõ¯𣿡
¯ȣյҺʹҶ֪Ѿ粻֪Լ˵ЩʲôˣֻЩ૵û˾ңҺ¡
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ա
͸Ҷָ֪ɫϣȣʵزۣϲԾ¶Цգҹ˸Σ֮˻ůϢˣˡ
𡭡Ҷ֪ỽ˯оѣԼڵطͱ죬ȾһĪԼʲôʱ˯ˣô֪شϸǱӣԼôΣ
ˣ
Ҷ֪˵֮˵һͷ˵Բ˯ͷˡ
㲻˯ͷˣǺþû˯ˣߣǣҶ֪Щ¶ȵ֣˵Ҹ˵˯ߵķѹʱˣٲѣҿҪԼõ̫ˡ
Ҷ֪￴Լס֣ЩãȻڶԷϰߵ׽ֹԭǷԵʣ˵ôε˱ҡ
ǲΣҲԱ㡣δ˵֮ʱȻǽҶ֪˻ֻ֪ΪʲôҹϿҶ֪ȴǽӲһ
ǽԼƲԣ
𽫻սЩڶԷԺöԷԼϣҶֹ֪ͣˡ
ѵǲԣ
Ҷ֪ı˵֪ɾźЩˣ
Ҷ֪˿Ȼ֪ʲôǺЩˣԼ˶ȼգȵúܣȴƵ¯ǰʹ࣬ɺôôѣǲǱ̫ˣ
Լָλش
ôش𶼲ԣװա
Ҳ̫óǲϲҾɿˡЩԼǲ̫ļˣ鼮еڶӵƺûı
ңңҡҶ֪һηԼȻ͵˵˵ϲԷ᲻
Ҳûкܲϲ
Ǿǡ
ϲġ


22 
ڿԸ˵˵ʱշʲô𣿡Ҷ֪ĺƽˣҲͼĵıһίĺӡ
Ҷ֪ǳ׷ȥ˼Ϊʲôַõ뷨ˣԼȻһʼûƿҲԸܶԷУЩԼûʸ˼ѵ˼ûˣ顣
һһΣξꡣҶ֪˫ۣůʵļ磬Ϲ⻬ĴкͶԷϸѩµϢȡ
΢üһβĻ䣬һúܼѣֻһĹ⣬ںܳһʱ䣬ҶΪԼľһ˻һ
ÿΪԼõЩʲôͻܿʧȥס˹⣬ֱϣгʧ˵Ҷ֪ԳһЦһܵù֮ϲѰֲĶҩʡԼ򵽵ؼ˼ҿϵƴŵõҲпõķ
ΪֻҪܻг·ƫֱͶһ޴ĵ¯ǣ꣬ʹǶ˵ʼҶߺХҪҷԹִȴǱ˳ĥ𡣡
Ҷ֪оԷֱɿЩֱӣȻǲ˫ۣҲûǰ㺦֪ˣ˵п־壬ѿħǲһʦˣ
ҡҡͷߵѾָСĵ¯ԣ˵Ϊξħ㲢ûдõͷֺαء
Ҷ֪ƺ߲ȥ֪ǿ־һЩǳ޶һЩ
˿̲𣬡¯ȻߵߵҶ֪𣿡
ף˫ЩůЦ⣬ʵᵽ⣬ʲôˣ
Ҷ֪עŶԷǵ΢⣬ʵǡ
ʦ壬𣿡֮˵ͻȻִҶ֪ĻףʦδǰУǷʲô£Ļ
ҡҶ֪Ҳ֪ԼͻȻʧƱػ˼ҵۣǸ֪ԼΪħ̫޻ˣ˭һŵĵ޻ẦԼĵ¯
ֻֻһֻɫֲӰ
ȴ˵ˡ
͸ˣ
Ҷ֪治⣬˭⻹
ѲԼֻ˵һ֣׾Ϊѣϵ֮ˣ
߰ա˵
Ҷ֪⻰һ˫鶯۾ӯɻʵȥģ
һ䣬ҲҶ֪ﷴӦ˲ϢʹԾзڣ֮ʱȴҶ֪һľȻԷڣǡ
̷Ҷ֪еͷ𣿡
зģС壬Զɽ壬˵Ҷ֪סԶͽ׵ӾԽЩҲڰɽ
˿̣ͷεģ߶дſĺ
ôҲǸ棬Уһռⲻ˸ɽԷ粻ǱԼǰҪٶȣڵС嵱ǡ
סҲʵʵ˵һȻôȥء
κ´𣿡Ҷ֪ﴭ˼¶䷽žźЩ
ˣҲѧĶ棬ǺЩˣ˵Ҵǰһ߹ԺǷʲôûע⵽ģҲҪֱԸҡ
Ҷ֪﷢ЩڳˣзĵȴܵõӵʶԼλʦչض֪ȴԴΪΪĸߣУƫʱֳͨʵӡ
˵ԼСסз壬ǻ´䡭
òԼգҲδһʼ
ʦ̫飬ǲʱֶڴἰЩһܼįա
𣬻ҸˣҶ֪񴿾ЦЩػС룬ҲԺ㣬𣿡
ѡظһ֡
Ҷ֪ЦĵԼȻФ̫ˣͷŪָ˵ҪǲԸˡ
ֲʲôӵҲ̫£˼ҺദҪԼô΢ѣϾ˵ȥܻûӣ˸ôܣ٣С
⡣
ȡһдšǿѡֵ͵Ҷ֪ǰ˵мλʿǧգΪѪΪ¼ӷβͬƵӵ󣬷ŴﵽűΣΪٹҲԹķô׾ͳΪˣ
Ҷ֪һʱûסЦнӹ䲻֪Ǻݣѵġ
ҲЦ㣬ĪҪ֡Ҷ֪ŴԼΣЦ˼ҵ۶ǲʵģʵǡ
֪ΪҪЦֻԽ˵˵ѣЦҡ
ǸҶֹ֪Ц۽ǻһĨӨ򻹵ԷҺЩʱûôɹˣǹⶺЦģֻ˵㷢Ҫ֪ʶ㲻̫ձơ
ȴҪΪѡ
Ҷ֪ſֽסˡ
֪ҵģȡ˵Ҵ򿪽֮ʱͿ仰ҪΪѣ¹ֱǿѡǲѡǻܳΪѣ֪ѵжѵĶ𣿡
Ҷ֪ҲûⲻǶԷҪӶѵĿֻԼ˼ˣǵÿ˲źжϡ
Ҷ֪ðɣǲͷԺ󲹸𣿡
ѾٹȶˣȻҲʶԼЩ̫֪ͨˣ΢Ц㻹Ҫ˵ġ
ҲˣҶ֪뵽ԼһҪʦˣȴǳԼƽѣֻ֮¶ѹ㣬»пܣдԵֻԼʹȻء
Ҷ֪˵һʯ⣬ʯ֮ϻһΪӵͼֻĸͼһ룬ͼ˲ʯչ
ָϼ㣬ͼֻֻɢȥʯҲΪ͸
Ҷֱ֪Ӵʯţ̤һܱյʯңҶ֪һתȥﻹʲôš
֪ŵ֮ɿˣ˵ŻͽҶ֪Ǹ¯ȡ˳ʯС
ʯҲ̫ıڹ࣬ƾŵ漸ʯ΢ӫŴȴơ
Ҷ֪ջشĿ⣬ҴǰδӴӵ󷨣һʱЩͿ
ξѧˡ֣ʾҶ֪￿Щ
Σ
ֻһΣҶ֪ﶼֱʦҹ˼ҵĸоͲס棬ֻԺǲҪĺá
Ҷ֪קǰ˫ַסļ磬һͬǵ¯˵ֻ̫࣬˿ңҪЩôģǵĵңȻãǽջǵЩˡ
Ҷ֪ıһס֣һֽһƷʯŵģϡ
ְͬķֱʯ䣬󷨿֮ʱȻ̧ס˫ۣ˵̧ۣͷ
֣ԷҲ˵̹ȻǰŻϢ֮ʱҶ֪ﾹ֪ôͶ΢
̧ͷŶԷȥֺµָʾ۾㿴ʲô
ǡҶ֪˫ӳճâִ̧ת˲ŵ⡣
ʦ


23 ð
ǹ֯ҹ˻ӿĴ󺣣ϫȴ־תƲһգۼ䣬ǧ仯һ
ǻʣϳһҫ۵ĺۼǻٴλǹЮ΢Ͼһ˿⡣
֮ȴԱͨ𣿡֮䣬ĳݣסҶ֪һ裬ǻԱƶĹ켣Ѹپۼֱںϵ֮С
Ҷ֪ĿĶ˵עֻǽڷ޳ֻ֣ٶ֮ʶǰãѣӨķɫǻӳ¸һ
ʲôʱʼԼһˣǻЩϸ֦ĩڡ
Ļ̹ǴԽ̵֮ģݵÿһϸ΢ǰ֮Ҳ֪ԼĻԼָ֣˴ů
츳֮ʣԳʼͱն˼ⵤֻǱȷһҪҶ֪棬Ǳݷŵģ֪ӯƣ֪˭ٲԼһƬǺϸҪȴԼڵˡ
֪䲢ɲҼסͳڶߣҶ֪Ŀ׷𻬹ǰĿǰڵĹٴθ֮ʱǻٿȻһյɫĲл䵽׵ϣµǣиȼ֮ơ
ֵҪˣȴԼһǽû·¶ԽԽߣòõͷԴﻹʲôң𺣡
ȻߵȶʹƵؼԶһֻȼĳ׾һһųصĲ֮ҡ
Ҷ֪δӴޣ֪һµʹ࣬п־壬΢Ųϲ֪ǺȻǲ˺ȴʼղԸ۾Ųһ
ôһ˲Ļ㱣ֻΪԼδйʲôֻڵ¯ﱻþˣûʹˡ
֪
Ҷ֪ૣ˭Լߣ
̧ͷ
Ĭ̧ͷȴ췱ڣ˫˼ңѵԼǿ֮ʧˣ
Լġ
ѣҶ֪﷽⵽ĵ⣬δȫıݣԼǷŵʵ......
Ǻڣأ
Ҷ֪һּݣ΢ľõĴȫһ߾ⷬ
ȥʵڹģģʼû޲¯ʵǵػ
пŵģʹ־ҲԸ뿪һ......
Ҷ֪תס֮ˣͷڶԷĿڣ˵Һôˡ
ԭأƽ˫۴˿ȴǱܿȥҶ֪ΨһĵȻǳأ
ôһ㡣Ҷ֪˫ץŶԷһһ£ȴǲʵ
һֿ󣬾δ£ٶһҲ޷ʱϲ۲ˣȻúܡ
Ҷ֪ĵǶԷǿԼﲻʵѱٹȣȴ˵Ļο
дǴŵӽ˫ȦˣƽֻӺݣǽղ֪ݣ⻳һս˿գҶ֪ãȻĹˣ˵ȴֻʣһˡ
֪ӺηרݣѾ˴˵صĽƣպȥɹ֮ڵҼɡ
Ҷ֪￴˿Լ˫֣ЩԼһʱͷȱˣ˵ΪǱ鼮ӵֻ֮٣ԼΪΣ
ҪĻݣֻⱾҪ͸ʦȴԼѧĵߣǰӵΪֲͽ
ֲҶ֪ĳʦ˵ףοһף֪ģҪһǾ޿ܣֻոһպ档
ʱЩȤɲգҶ֪֮˶Щѧս̵ķӿ󷨣ǹ죬飬ҲƽЩȤζ
£ԼλĪʦµ֪Ϊ̳֮˾֮ˣȻĮһУԭoʦҲϲ¡
Ÿ߽׵ʦ֮ʱͶĿҲ֪ʦҲǰˣ
ܿͺˡ
Ҷ֪ɢĴϢշֱδҲ֪ǲΪͻʧҪԼֹٲðֺ
תһ¹ȥˡ
ʱҶ֪йԼһ־ָ߽ݣδЩ뷨֮գԼľǾһΣġ
ħнǡǡĵĹЧֻǺһľҲδЧ
Ҷ֪ｫıݾ¶ƿзڵУת֮ʱ־Ŵ˴ȻȴҲǵػʢ֮᲻ڱ棬ܣھŽϽĽ˴ʯԣĵط¡
йˣһܵһʱ俴գǧΪһûɡҶ֪롣
ƣĵ˻һ¶ˣǰ˵ʲôһ²ˣڵһ㶼ˣԼƫһ취ûУѯһ;û
һӶһЩҶ֪޾ɵһʯңһͷײһϮµĸߴҪŶͷһ𣬾ƼԷϲǽɫë
Ǻˣڴߣ°ͣҶ֪
Ҷ̧֪ͷ԰ЩҲǰ㲻䣬ΪػصǺˣڴ˴
ҴҴ˴һԼҪ߳һͷɫڽͷһ˿ư˲ϲҲ˸òü֮侻ǶĮ롣
ջĿ⣬촽˵ӳ״ӽʦӺˣ̵񣿡

ⲻʦֵ𣿾Ǳ½˼е޵ǸƷ¸УʳޱߵĽ
ô˵úܣĪǻͼı죬˵㷽Ǵģʲô첻̧־ҪסȴԶһҽ̳ģô𣿡
Ҷ֪С˼ڶԷⲻ˵ʦĵңλʦǴδ̤ģЩһĵ⣬ʱ˵иǴϲ
̧ȥδĿⴥжȴǲΣߵԷǰ뻽һͼĿº͵سԼ˸ƣ̧򽪳֮ʱȴֻ˷ɫ˵СʦܣҶ֪
ʦܡû˿ת䣬ֻʮ䵭΢ס
Ҷ֪׼񣬵ʦ֡
Ҷ֪˵ʦлҪ˵֪Ȼȥա
֮ĿռųҶ֪ȥٴλָ˾ף֮΢ţľķΧ뻷ֺг·ڴŴ˵رþ
΢ƫͷ۾òĽ˵к뷨ֱԡ
ϴμ֮ʱȴǵȿĿڡĿ⾴أ
߹ߣһ񣬼ȥ˵ľˣ
Ӳңɴǰǲ˽˵ӵġάһСιľ롣
Ǵ˴αչ̫˰աֹ
Ϊλľӣְڣݵ߼ա 


24 ҹԼ
бһ;ΪԶǿڷ˵Ǻ;лµףǻ˼䣬һζıչأһγõļͻ𽥱òô
ʿٻп̹ĻˣߣǻžĴ⣬˵̫飬Ƿ֮Ϊ֪ȴҲֻôһˡ
Ҷ֪ǰ̫⣬ֻ֪ĵǿߣԼз֪ǣԼڣӵĵûһǶױնմȾ˷ա
Ҫ˵ǰҶ֪Ǹ֮ˣڳԹŮ鰮ù˼˰ǷǣĻ˵Ǿ֪ܶδѰԵԼ͵ȲƵǮ
˿̵ȻǲͬˣЩǷʯ벻һ裬зϽĸ˭˭˭ƻϼһˣɢˡ
Ψһܲɻ̸˵صȴƫ֪Ϣ˲š
ˣֻҪԼ˽˵仰⽪Ͳ֪ðϣ̣Ǻ԰һ̲Ѷģո֣һۣ˾ץصĵһ˼
浱Ҷ֪ûƢӻô
֪ٰμ£ëʿɾͺˣҶߵ鰸ߣг֧ݲеëʣµñʸ˵˵㰸ϵᣬƷ屻ˣɱû㣬˽Ŀͺˡ
ΪΣҶ֪ƳһױԼõ鼮üЦ˵ƷˣзŮᵽҶʦҲһߣ֮һʦְôҪҼ𣿡
ֻЩ˵ҶʦأҶķһҳͼհ״ȻдšҪΪѡЦЦݸҶ֪ҽģֻƷӴķУϲһǿһֻ۱һֻ۵ġ
ⱾҶ֪ﲻ֪Ҳյ׷ʢõ鼮˲跹˼еġ
ǲǻҪллҶ֪ۺЦ⣬ӶԷнӹַŻԭ
ҶĵҶ֪Щͬ䶼ֱĵӣҶĵʦµ״һ˴˵صʦҲʮǰͻԪӤ֮ʱˣϰ꣬ѱĵпܻ֮λһ飬û˸ҵ
ʱҶ֪ҲûţԿ˷ħֻصзĵϰѧϰǿҲСɡ
˵ȻʦֻɣΪʦܽѧ֮ӦʲãʵϣܺƽԻѵá
˿̣Ҷ֪ɽȡһ״ƿƿ˻Σ˵ƿƵСֻǻƽ׵ҩʣƵϡ
ʾң͸ңҶһѶ̵һģƣЦҪ˵˻ҺãͰͽһλʦΪѣպǵҩˡ
Ϣ⼸˵ųЩ£֮ǰ˵ѦȻйأϢǱ֪ͨǺ£Ҷ֪Ҳôһ䣬¹ԼʶˣҲġ
ۼҶĿһݣԹϵЦݶôȻˣҶ֪²򵥣֪Ĳ࣬ȴЩɻħйأֻҶıͲ˵ԼҲöᡣ
ҶߵߣҶ֪Щƽֵϣ㲻Ҫܴ£䱾ͺûñδΣҲ˲ðˡ
ˣҶ֪Ĳֻ֪˴ֹ죬Ҷ⻰Щ˷ѽ⣬ߵԷǰԷȴһûûεͯЦա
Ҷ֪ﾾ˰ѩǵβͣ˵Сһˣħˣ˵ûñֺ
ħҶ૵һħҲֻʣһƹˡ
˵ҲҶ֪ﷴӦͽѩǴӲקһҶ֪Ļ˵ʵͺˣղŲѧǺߵģɣ¹ȻģɵԼպãܳԵúЩ
ҹ
Ҷ֪ſڴߣһԲ³ҶİĻһʱᵱͷ
˵ҲûԼʦչأôҶķľ֮ʱˣ
˵޵ľǲǶͦģҶ֪￴Լֻͷֲѩʳָͷͼѩ̧ͷҪҧ۵ңͦģ㶼Ⱦˡ
һֻɫϢų䵽Ҷָ֪ϣҶ֪ջֱܿѩٴŴ죬һﵱǲʳ
ĳָϣҶ֪ﲻ֪ô뵽ӵ̬һ£ȴҫˣʶһ㣬ڿһȦҶ֪һǰһ
ҪҸߣ
Ҷ֪ѩһ·ɽȥзҹ֮ɽԽɽԽŨǷ˽ӽֻҪΪɾ
ۼķΧԽԽСҶ֪ҪȴǰȲƵģҶ֪Ŀ׷Źһʱδע£Ǳ̸ӵݰһӡ
һԤ뵽Ǳȴû
Ҷ֪ӣ۵°ͣ治֪˿̸˵λʲôãôԼҲǸӵнʶʿôһ·ˣˤ˼ϣûԼԲ˫̽·
ôˡҶ֪˫ԻץŶԷ䡣
ʵȼģôߵ㼱̧ȥֻȴǰץԼҶִ֪˻
㵱治ǹģҶ֪ŨпԷı飬˵Ҳྴ⣬ˣ˵ļ
Ҷ֪ܸоԼڲؼӿ죬ûʹҪȥһԷǷҲԼһ
СĵؿķɶԷȴδһ֣ȷһͷĻ꣬ʲô
ûʲôҶ֪˫ʾףҵء
ǡ˶٣һʱ֪ݣⲻʲôԼͷһգǲ֪뵽ʲô˵Ȼҽһ䡣
˭Ҫ䣬ôϢˣҶ֪ԾȤؿϸϸƶԷüۣɫ࣬򣬵Щƽյ΢⣬ŪͷƫԷߣʲôأ
֣ٿȻ˿һһֻۣҶ֪һ飬һֻѩ׵̽ͷԭ
Ҷ֪ӻקѩǻ˻ΣַŻصԼϣ˵ѵǰ
ֻǡҡҡͷʵôǵƷͽؾֻѩտǼˣ
лҪ˵
С糡
ӭտ֪ΪߴƷɫdududu
ɫãιã
ɫãǳߣ˼ڵ⣬ǹ
ɫûڵõ

ɫܶá
ڴʦµĽ|ɫкο
ɫǣҶ
зλ飬к뷨
ɫλ
ȣǲ˵λdududu

֪ǽͷ
1.С˵Ϸ¶߷ʳʽ
2.ƷʦҶĶڽ|һ·ҪڸʿѵĿɳΪʾǿǴ
3.ɫڽܲɷʱǰ飬ָʦֵжߵ²¹ʡ
4.һɳͽʦΪĻҵߣڴźʾӵʦֵľ߲ҡ

лλСʹ򲻿ɿ15ݷһ֧ңƮҡԿȻֻҪޣ²ܵӰ졣
лл;µĵףһź죬㣬ġ
ллͲȵӪҺΪӪҺֻҳѯҿһЩǷǳл
С糡͸ϧo^^o


25 
Ǽ ǰסһƣҶ֪ѸٻָƽϢ ־Ȥˣ ˾رڷ棬 뵽⣬ ʦҲ㽻ǳ ǲоֿƴ˸ʤˣ
㲻ˡֻֻΪ
ʦֵ㣬ʦ㽻ãпΪϲúݡҶ֪ɲΪԼﲻˣʦǸ°ƢԻѣ͸
ն˵ѡ
һûбĴʣŻ˵ һˣǵڼô˵ˣ
Ҷ֪Ǹǳʵˣ ˭һƬϣ¹ԼʦַͿķˡ
𲻼˼ػӦֿᡢġѰ
ͣͣͣҶִ֪ϣ˵ôֱֱȥ
񣬷ʡҶ֪۾գˣ üһƬȻʣ ֵ֪ϲֱͨһģòȡ
Ҷ֪һ ҲͰˣ ʲôȣǵ˵Ļ
״ Ƶǰһǰÿ֣ͼŴβǳĺۣе˵㲻˻ϣȻˣҲҪް
Цģһ˵δڣҶֱ֪ס˶ԷĴɲһ˵ѣŲ㣬ԺɲҪҿˣǸֻҪͽˡ
Ҷ֪ŶԷĴȣ֮ʱһ⣬ȴδջֻ֣ԽȾϱĶ
ٲɿ֣᲻ڵһʧˣҶ֪δ֣Ȼ𰸵ģֻ׷ʵӴʱֹˮȴ㲻ã
ѵõ΢üҶ֪Ų˵ʵǡ
ꡣҶ֪ͻȻ죬ֱ̧˸ƣקһΣΪܱ¶ڵʶԴֻ֣дж
ʿĿҲУЩ룬Ȼûзˣֻ˵绹
Ůӣʦ֣ҹз˽ᣬʵ
Ϊḡã˽
Ůһӭܣ֮ʣֵﲻʣǱƼ
ҹ˾ɽҰ֣Ǵһ˼˭
Ҷ֪Σĵط䲻ԼѡģȴԼһ˹ҵģҪ˵ߣ֪üд֣ͺȻԷһס˺󾱣ͷഥ
ʶǲдô鷳ˣֻǡ
лҪ˵Ҷ֪̫ĿⲻڶԷ۾Ǵϣһʱ޴ţֻñ۾
Ϊ
ʲô
˼Һߺ黰࣬ǲĥҶɳɳ죿
£ӦøϽ뿪Ȼװ·
ðɣ˼ҵ˽£뿪Ķ˼ҵ£Ǿ͵شҲǿԵġãҲԷƣԶĶǿ
Ů޻ʲô
Ҷ֪Σֻ˼䣬ظ磬ø磬ĸΣҪˡҪ˵𣿡
ұ۾ҲоЦˣҶ֪һѣû˵òǹҺ磬ռұ˰գ
Ҹ磬ռұˣŮ޺˼ά˼άûףĽдһ飬ɻǵôˣ
Ҷ֪ظһ֣˴˲Լ̨Ծѡ֮ΪԼ˵ôҲܽ⻰˵֮˼άǱãϵһ
ѵƷѧ粻ãҶ֪૵
ʲô˼֮֮ǰ侲ЩǽͽҲֹˣ
ϹʲôأҲ˵ӣҶ޴Ч´ˣʧ˹ҲϲҶ֪Ȼ˲֮ҪԼע˼άΪΪԼûзԼĴڣ֮¡
˼άˣðΪѲɻޣƫҪһϴɾķծ
ߡ
Ҷ֪ﻹ˼ţͱֳգ۹ͻסû룬лλˣԼλĶܶһ˪ʦֽ
˷ܵػһ񣬾δ϶Էһۡ
ɫһ䣬˵Ҿ쵽΢ħ棬½㴦ˡ
ģǰȥŴˡǹĿһ֣˿̾Ҷ֪ϣ˵ֻǲ֪Сʦҹ˯ôҪ˸ͻؼңιʣɲƽ˴
£ҼδƼȻ֪Ҳδ룬һ䣬ֱ΢̬ư佪ֺֻʸЩ¸ߣο룬зθɣ
ǡֹۿ̧ȥϣֱӽſڣʦ֪Լʲô
ͣפŲһ磬˵кβף
ͻƺϵüޣǴ˿ƱػⷴɣͷĿȰ˵֪ʦϵ¹Ӷɷʦǰȥ̽
Ӱ쵽չء΢ݡ
ΪҰں֮գļ;ֻħϴαչʮ꣬ҷһ귽Ĩȥɾ̫飬ִϼĥľǹģʧ˷ִ磬ħ֮¿ɴСףαչعãҲմȾ
ıϢʱܶһ㣬֪ԼʦƢģ˵ͨͲֻǺѩˣ״˭ûʦһζŶŵһƤһӱĴ˵ʦСʦһΪƢ֮ʦָԴõ澵ӣӦӦ
ҵƢôˣƳһߣ˵ԼΪӵеȫԣǼʹںϷȥһ룬ҲӦһУ֮£һ飬͵ˣֻǣңͶϲһ棬ЦЦ
ʦﰮЦˣȴӦ
գ컹δҶ֪ﻹһ̵űõ죬¿ţӭͿһƤЦⲻЦĿû˿ԥ̹ţλûѡ
˻δ߻شߣٴδţ֮ûЦݣǸǷư̬Ҷֳ֪ſһӭڵ飬˵ʦ֣֪ʲôʱûء
з岻һߴЦЦ飬ڴһҵɵӡ
ҡҶ֪һʱҭ
Ա䣬ȴЩ⣬Ӳȥħޡ
ءιصøˡ
Ҷ֪ŭ
Ҵ·˵


26 ѵܹ
Ҷ֪δһջ뽪һ Ը°˭治֪ôͺȻȥˡ
˸Ҳ̸ϲԸ ƾʦݣ Ҷ֪ú˵Ҳܵõĺɫ ⼸ƫ ƤЦⲻЦļüŪۡ
治֪ʲô˼ڳĩͬʦ
ǾѦȻǰõĽãһĮȻ ˵
Ů޾ǵͷֻ̧ۣ˵ͷʾȷϡ
ʦ˵Ŀֱӣǫѷ Ŀ㣬֪Ȼʵ񡣡Ŀɨˡ
Ҷ֪һѵʦׯϣ ЩӲհѯһٸ֪ʦֶɺã
תͷҶ֪ʱȴԷĿⲻ֪ ֮ûԼ һ뵽ԼʦҲûо⣬֪˵ЩʲôãȻЩЩŮ޶δ̧ͷˡ
ãҶ֪˲䣬 ѹѾõŭǱ ʦܺôԣ˵Ӳһơ
ʦֺô磬 ҾͰˣڳն¶֮ɫҶ֪ܾˣһʼЦ䣬ƫǸβģһЦһͨ䳰ȷЦ֮ʧһ㡣
֣бҶ֪ζʦ٣ֻûʦķɡ
˵ʦҶ֪һȻģʱҪȥ״С顣
̾ҿɴδ˵ʦССͿĪҪԡ
С˵ʵءҶ֪νؾҪȥ
Ŀһ䣬㣡
˱ͲͬʦֻҲҲǰۣǰ˵ʦΪƣ⼸ദˡֱԣֻвЦ˵ʱһ񡣡⻰Ҷ֪ͷҲصؾˣһںĪ
з壬
˽ĻĿȻ˵Ϊʦ֪˵Щ
ʦạ̊́⺢˸ԣѵ洫ɫЩ
ǵΪʦ洫Ʋǵӣ̰类ʦˣһöӨԲıһΪ΢΢һĨЦգǰЩʱջ˵Ϊʦˣȴ״²ű棬֪ﲻأҵţԺܲ
һ޶飬˵ֻƳɷΪϵãʦΪҪƳöһģһģ
Ϊʦ񲻰Ʒˡ
Ҷ֪˿Ʒ壬մø֪ҶģۼԷ̬ȣЩá
Ҳ֪ΪΣֱΪҶƷ壬Ȼ˼ά֮䣬ȴ㶼޷˵Ҷ֪
㶼϶ϵ𣿡Ҷ֪һ֤ʣе˽ѡΪ˵ģһһͲԵ𣿡
ĵңһǿٷЩĵġҶ˵֮ʱü΢䣬Ʋ˼
Ҷ֪鰸վݿܵ˵ȥ˼άʱǿзŮޡ
ҶĵǴӦʹ죬ֻǶ֮ʱȴλ֮ͣǰҶ֪ﲻɢĽ
ԭҲٲЩ£Ͳסʦòӣ֮ǰԼǱҶ֪ΪıǵʦЦˣҲľƽͣѰЩͬ
ʦЦͦĵģҶ֪Цա
ΪԶԶһۣ;ŶλʦվһǢԽƽӣܿļˡ
Ҷĵͷõػص֪ﱾõѣǰžסһ
ĺʣδһԵҶ֪ƫҪ˻һСʦܣƽ͸ö߶ҲһЩ
˵Ҷ֪Сͽǰ߶
˲Ҳ˵ֻһ֮
ɣҶ֪ԾԷһͣ̽һ䣬֮˵Щɣʦô˵ңȴƫ˵ǻá
̤ؾͲ˵ˣڵĽ|طΪأһ˼£ػغܷ֮˻ᱻһִϴһ޷뿪|صӡǣ˼άδ֮˼¡
ɽʯͣХΨпżķ˵Щ
ɢҵ˼ά˿һбڴǧҵ
Ǻ⣿Ҷ֪ʶ֪̽˷ڵΪҹз֮ȴ޷֪Ĵڡ
ҲûõԭѾ־ˣػؾô仰ҶļҶ֪Ҫǰȥæס˵ԶԶһҲͰˣʲô
Ҷ֪ﲻ֣̬ȼضߵ˼άǰڵסߣʵɻǵңҶ֪
ǧҵΨԹɱ̰
Ҷ֪￿£һֳڵסԷ۾ȴǰ㲻ܸţظλһ˿ָ£ԷüģѸ͵شʶֻ˼άȻ˫ͫͫΧֳһֺɫĹȦ
˼άʱŤǺɫȦתѪ۰߲ϣֿ켫ΪͷһץסҶ֪˵Ҷ֪ҹš
˱ߡ˵Ц˼άǿڵˮҪһҶ֪һӽ
δҶ֪ﶯ֣Ȼһƻڴ˼ϣȴǰ㲻֪ʹ⣬ֻӼȵҶ֪вϺ˵ţ㣬ԲԲ
ʲô⣬Ҷ֪ô˦⻭ĵòᣬ治֪Ҷ̵֪ñֶĵĶӴ
𣿡Ҷ֪ﲻŭЦ۽üҾȾЩ飬ӣ¶һѩ׵ֱۣȥһҡ
˵ʲô⣿ֱԼʦܻ㶌޵һ棬ǶһɢħϢĹ
Ҷֻ̧֪һ佣ϮûаԥٿȻӷȡѩ񵲣˼ά󣬶ҶҡҡͷֳŽԿ˵ʦ֣ס
̧־һҶ˷֮أתͷͿҶ֪﷭˸ۡ
Ƭ̺󣬵վڽ⿴˼άҶ֪ķŲĿľٶʱδ
Ҷֻ֪λʦֵĬҲˣȴΪ˵вŬɽ𵤣ǻͨ
Ǻǣ֪ʦɳɽˣҶ֪ûס뷭һۣ˭֪ȴԴǵ˵㿴㣬ˣСﶯͣˡ
Ҷ֪￴˼άסˣĵǷôˣÿ˷ҲǸÿİۣԼվ﹩ѾǺƴˣ˼άħΪԼôˣ
ĿƫͷһߵʯǻҶ֪˵
Ѿ˵ĵˡҶ֪Ҳܿɽλǲϵġ
һδ˵ҶͻȻʵ֪λ֪⣬ⶫôµģ
ҡҶ֪Ҫ˵ȴع˵ҹ˵з״βͨƷθɡ


27 
Ļ˵Ҷ֪Ҷľһ㶡
Щʱ˻ԣ ᣬǴվҶĵ˵ôƺȻԼҶ֪ʦˡ
һֱ̬ Ҷ֪ﲻ֪ôһʱһˣ ֻ뷨Ҳһ˲ ɾݵһ ҲЩá
ѵദþˣͻϸ֦ĩ ⽪ʦֻǺǳ
ΪԼôҲ˼άԷĺ£ô˵Ҳ˴ĵ׸мһ˽ѣϸԼ߶˸ΪóҶ֪ʱ ȴһֵı
˼Ҳ飬ԼƲ䣬 ǰϼ֣°ͣһ߸²ȴǰСǣ
Ҷ֪Ӷ ˵ײ£ ʽԿףдˣʩЧ򭡣
Ҷڶ֮䣬ĽУ˸ˣ ۾ͶһƬӰ Цһ˵ԭΪ֪зЩį ȴҶˡ
СʦܣԼʦ˵û˶֪ˡŻˡ
Ҷ֪Ҳ֪ĻһԼͬţǲ𲻷ţŴΰʾԼûʺѣŻģ¾ֹʾܣҶһԽⷢӡ
ǿ벻̣
Ҳ⽻񣬲һܣҶ֪սеѩӿķβȻŭɶ
Ц̧֣˸ƣ˵սСʦܺô־Ϊֲ㼸УҲʡı˳Ц۸㡣
ţ
Ҷ֪һֱǰ㼼ɶδã̶ָǰὣСʦܣ˵֪ĪֻƤ
ֻ˵㲻㻰ˡҶ֪ﲻΪش΢ȼ˹ٿȻɿеѩȡ·Եľһ棬ʱƽ𣬴Ҫ֮ܿʱѳɡ
΢㲻ý𣿡
Һʱ˵𣿡Ҷ֪ѩˮӣϽ֮ʱͼԷȻſѩʱǰסһٴ麣Ϯ򽪳羪κˣֱƵöԷչ绤ؼǽģ˿䣬Ҷ֪ջ˫˿ЩЦ˵Һʱ˵ýˣ
ƺЩᵽʦԴ˵ˣɿ棬ԼǰΪҶ֪嶯أʵ˼Һ׳֮Ǿϸı
ƻ磬ЦԼʦǰ˵ﻹ治Ϊ
Ҷ֪££΢ҵĳƻֿ˵ݣˡ
Ӻʱʼ롭šôһˡ֪ôʱ˵ǡҡΪʦ֣ݡ
Ҷ֪ﲻ˼һ۰ա
ģδԼôϲҶ֪ǰ֣ЩԷ˵⻰յͷҲˣǼһ￴۾ֱˡ
Ǽһ
Ҷ֪ת۽˼άֱģ֪ɢܴﵽĿģǰʲô
ǳˣĿɻ
һ¡Ҷ֪齣ԭûӦ˿ؾǰһѣһ̧סֱۣ˼ά̾һŭ񱩵ش磬Ҷ֪ʦղŴץвȻҪԮˣɡ
ֻǽ糷ȥ˲䣬˼άŭ˵ķȴת±ȥ
ϣҶ֪˦Ҳ˲֮£һܵ±ߣȴ˼άӰܹҲûľ룬ôܰ˸׷ˡ
Ҷļܵǰſ˫ȥ·˵֪ǰзͨ㲻ǰˣ
ΪβɣҶֻ֪νؽأܵһ˼£û߲ȥĵ
ܴð˴رķգҶɫΪѣǿ޹֪ĪҪŴ£һ
Ҷ֪¶ԥ֮ɫʱȴǰһƷɢǴͷ¶˳˵ΪΪٲϣСҪûӰˣҶԼȥš
Ҷ֪ﱾЩǣ˿̺ȻȻʣصԼҪҲǷһˣֻҪҶĲŽȥ͵ˣ㣬ƿȻԭصҶģֱܽ˷
ӳʪõϢһ˱ƶŻĸо˼µϾֲ֮鲼ʱʱżɴ˵ȴϾ
ɵ޹⣬Ưɫ״Ǽ⵱ܵúܡ
Ҷ֪һʱ̣˸磬̴ҶĵĹУǲǺܣǻȥ𣿡
㲻øҶ֪ЩεػҶɫ޹ֿһŻĽ˵˵Դʦǰ·
СʦܻǲϲˣжȴǺԾطųʶѰ˼ά䡣
ûҲÿһ֣һ֣޷䣬ڽ˵ֻάһԼĻ̽·ҲĵҶ֪ɲδ֪ĵ˳ǰͺľԱڵ˵˵ʮݳˡ
Ҷ֪סڱǣڽ󣬼Ҫʵò˼ҵĽӡߡ
ֻصȨλĸо൱ã˵ص㷽űСʦܼ̤棬ͺȻ˴ק⻤絹ûҶ֪
֪ˣҪʦ㣿ɫЩԼûעĵ⣬һͷȴͣԭҶվҶ֪һӸ棬ʱԺϵ˸ᣬü˵ǡϵá
ҶڨЦջ֣˿ڱǣ˵Ҳнʦִ˵ΪΪ֪ﲼһ绤ˣס˿ڱҲƮ֪һΪʦ֣
˵ؿɲֻһλʦ֣⻰ǵ˽λ״ʦֵϸһҶ֪״̬Ӧε΢ЩĽǶȿȥҲǽСΪԼ֮ǰһ仰Ҳδֻɢڱϣס˿ڱǣֻƼһ˫ˮٵ۾ǡǡ
Ҷ֪첻ߣĻ˸΢⣬ǰ㲻̧ͷ˹ȥ˵㲻ôݽߣ޴֪̽˰գ
ջĿĵǴ˵ｿСˣŻ˼Լء
Ҷ֪ﲻ֪˿룬ؿԷԼϽģҶСԲ˴֣˵ҲԹˣɽԿǿķǣϵİ뻹ЧµӰգҶ֪ҲǸ֪ôֻͼһʱˣ˵лʦֹģֻǰ֪ʲôգʦֱʵǹȫʦֵˡ


28 
ΪҶ֪ͻȻѺ鶼˼֣ Ҫ˵˻ǿӲʯͷһ֣ܻؾ֣ һһݳģ ֳܱĺҲԶʤ֡
Сۻдȶġ
ã ˼ֻ㵹ǰӰûС
Ҷ֪ӽնһֻϮ򽪳㣬 ˵ʦֵĽֻ𣿡
Ī˵ңֻзĵʦʹ һѷޣֳɷ׭ǲȻ㷽齣ߺģôû¡
Ҷ֪۹Ƴһߣĵлϳϣ Ҫзĵʦ˵£Ǻӣ ⻰ǲ˵Ƶĺãɽȡƽﻭķ׭˵׭ٺãƷ ʦֶ౸Щ Ҳڹؼʱ̱ǡ
ܺú˵֮Ҳ˵ЩĻˡƣȻϵӲͨʦӣ ǾԷ׭ˣ һЧЦСʦܻǶŶգ û뻹ܻƷʵķ׭
ϲ飬ûѧϹģҶ֪ﰵЦԼϱȫһֻı컻ȡʣֻԽʶóڵԼǵòϣϲߣûҵ˼άټ𣬸ò˰գ
Ѿˣͣ˲ӡ
Ҷ֪˸ѩǰָ棬˵ҷŽӣ齣δָ⣬ǽӸĵƶأʦ֪̽Ѱġ
֪أظʶ˲ٿء˳˼·
֪ңһ
ȣȥֻҶĲ֪ʱ˺ͷ˵˿̻ȻҶ֪룬ʹ˫ֽץסҶĵֱק˭֪ԼԽҶ³Խ죬Լķɽ׹׹
סҶ֪﷢ֿӺԼѸٱ룬ܼʱֻҪҶһͬȥˣͷŽ󺰣ʦֿһ磡
һ粼Ҷߣ˭֪ȴѸٽɣΨвϼӳסҶĲݡ
ǰ취Ҷ֪˵һԣ֪ͽק

Ҷ֪;жȻħһʦץҶġתһħԴ
˿ΨнάҶϵĽ磬Ҷַ֪ľħϮֻ˽Ҫˡ
֪׷Ҷĵڷ￿ʱҶ֪׷һξˣ׼ħ￴Ʈʵмѭƶ·ߣ̤ѩͶʯֳԵľһһƽ֮ϲֻħͶ塣
˭֪ħﲽ֮ʱҶ֪һϮһάַһֳֽ񵲣ֻԷ˫Ŀ졢ݽӲ˼ά
Ҫ㡭˼άƿҶ֪òʱ¶˷ɫҰһ㡣
ȻǻҶ֪ڱȶ֮ʱʤһأʽЩ˽ģ˽ԣ׻Ҷ֪ռϷ磬˼άҲ֪ǷбѵĿܣһֻΪƣ
δ˵꣬˼άǲײ򽣼⣬ԵľᴩҲδ¶ǲ֪ʹֻҶ֪һ˲ԥһƻ档
źŵصľʹϮҶ֪ƺһˡ
ߣħɥʧҺʶһһԿΪ˲ٿأò볣죬ʧȥӳּȻ˼֮ʱһʧ˻ǵĿտǣֿ֮ǿȫ֮ʱľ硣
Ϊҹ˼άиҶ֪Ϊȴʧʶ޴ӵ֪Ĵڵԭ
Ҷ֪֪ħֲлѣǶϲܴ˵ġ
¸ܵУƣܻħֻҶҲΣա
ɽ֮ȡһʦΪµƵ˵ؽƷҩΪµļҲһţڶʱ磬Ҷ֪ĽʶԷӳڵս
µҩվɫħɢŲƲˣ˵ԭΪֻǿʤû㾹ˡ
ȴϡԱϵԼʧȥֱֵۣȻûΣãŰĽҺ©ܱ壬Ʋ˵Ψй˻
Ѳһ߿ܣһֻħֵ塣
Ҷ֪һסȴ֪Ϯ˼άרĻӽӦħϢĻʯ֮䣬һײ׺ʽɼʹдҪϣ⳹ħĻҲû˿ʹУֻԽսԽ£˫۲߱ɱѪ졣
Ҷ֪սپ֮Ϊͽʿĵؽ磬ǿתÿһαȿ󱻳Ĳ֡
òַ˼ŵؽ׵ҩƴֻһײҶ֪һԾ̤϶ԷڿգڶԷһģۼ˼ҪסΣ̽עѩڣӰĻתΪһԲ˺벽һƽĻֱԷѹ󷽲Űݡ
ʧ˻ħϢԴ֮е˼άľżһ㴹˫ۣεӹ˵档
Ҷ֪˼Ǽ΢ȣһ̧֣ĨһֵѪ˻ܵ£Ҳ֪ҶĵİΣԽ֧ڵǿƣ壬ֱϤŷ¹˹ȥ
Ҷûȴһ̾Ϣ
Ҷ֪֮ʱպˡ
˫۵һƼг˽ٺοĻǰġ
ϻ˸µıʳָıӣ˵ǳ˶ٵҩȻѪֹ
ǲˣһҪĻҿܻʹôؽ׵ҩпǳԵ֣֮Լϱ֪һܳԵôݣĿˣôģʦˣ
ҶĻƷ壬δδģ֪˽|Ѿȥһ췣ˣҶ֪Ҫҡҡͷɺã˵֪˵ͬҲҪȥ췣ɷʱǷһԡ
һԣ˹УЩҶ֪δ˵֪˽֮Ҫ̵ģһȿɶϷ˼ǣΪҲʮԻָΪβȰ裬һУ
ǰ|һ飬ӦһܷҶ֪ɫִ
Ҫ֪濴ʲôüĿ΢֤࣬ʲһԳƴ޹أҶĳҵʱѾ˻ԣ֪ˣȴ˵׷ħϢȥģоҶĺ󣬲ҶĴݽһֻţһȥ㡣
Ҷ㣬Ҫ㣬ǽԱġ
ôܣ
ԼιȥʱǻδȫӣЩۼ˼άʱǽǰԼ̾ϢҶģ;ܺ޷֡
˵ѣ


29 ʵʵ˵
˵ѵ˭Ҷ֪ҧŴ صӣ˸ͷ󱳣Щ ˵ ˵˭©ʲô
ʱʹЩæҵģ ҶĵĽǶӦǲῴϮħģ Ȼħ΢ɡûп϶֮£ Ҷ֪ﲻȥ֮ˡ
˵ڲţħҹ׾ٵشαװٴװҶ̾ϢҲδ֪
˵ʦֻᱳһ֣һΪءҶ֪﷭бϣ˻ҲǿǳԱģ ĿǱܿӣ͵촦Ĵϡ
˵ѡֵߣ ȴҲδ˵ڣֻɫƽǵȥǴΣ˵ʲô𣿡
Ҷǰ㰮˵ ÿһ仰ÿһֶҶ֪ ǰļĥƷζһԹлȰҲ⣬⵽Էһʻ ̷Ӧָʲô
̫ 㣬̫ظˡ
̫ظˣ ǰ⼸Ҷֻ֪Ϊ¹̫ѣԼ벻һеľ򣬿ȻΪӵӵԼǲԴ˺ܷʦۣǣǷԼʲô
ߵһ鰸ǰõᣬʱ棬˸ɾתȻĿҶ֪˵档
㡭Ҷ֪ﻹδ֪ص飬˾Ҫջٵĵʲôƿӣ߽ЩĿ׷ŶԷ˫˵ҲΪҸȥ
ҪסҶֱ֪۵ȴһӱҶ֪ɫΪǰҩ˻Щδȥ쳣ı죬ʱԼĿϳңͫ΢գ۱ܿ
˭ԵõҶ֪񣬵ƫƫԼԡ
ҪҶ֪Ȼ̫ظҶ֪ľϰҶ֪Ҷģһ˾ּʾ֮ˣҶֹ֪飬͸ܲ
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Լ⣬ҪóڵÿһҶ֪ڨЦͷԷȴǯס򢣬˫ۣŻĿͱˣôҪ˵ʵ˷ˡ
Ҷ֪ס󣬲˿ǰ㣬ѸǰĿֱӣֱԷϢ΢һŲߣɿ֣˵ҿֶ㣬ǺΪѡ
ķӦҶ֪в֪δֱһ£龹ת࣬ڵǸԼλʦˣʻҪ˶Ӷ֮ͬѲɻԼ룬ʦǲϵǶЩơ
ҪжȣþղܰԲˬҶ֪ãһɤӣϷֻзʿʿͼΪȻνΪν˿֪ǳƾϽΪ뾭ѵʿ˳֮Ϊ߻ħǳħޣȻħΪ˽δֻж֮
ɴǧ磬֮磬άϵħΥɶʵҲʶħȻħѽɣ֮Ｔħ֪ԴԺηԿΪħֲʶȼ|ɱ¾̰Թ޲ֹΪѽϢΪ֮ж˽Ϊ˼Ȼħ壬ûѵĿˣ˼άȴͬеģ֮ˣһأ
лĿܣȴǳʧˡ
˵ħɢħϢǷ֮ʱλϻħЩͬɫ棬ǰЩȻࡣ
Ҷ֪üͷ˫׺ǹ⣬٣ԭǵô˫ֳȣ򴽵ͷģ˿˵Ĺɣ˵Ӧ˵ֻЩ΢ͬɢϢйԣȴԶֻܲ˵΢ħϢ
ԡҶ֪ͷüָۣɨԼıǼ⣬˵˵ħʵڵ𣿡
ص̹ϣ˵㻰ǾΪᱲʶΪ׷͸ý̽Ѱδ֪ĴڣǷϡ
Ҷ֪׷ʵҪ
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أҶ֪רעŶԷı仯沨һ˿Ź
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ܣҶĵűӻ֣ҲҪȥһˣܵԼۼΪʵûתĿؿǰԿִ̧г䣬ҪˣЩʱҲɾЩʦֵı֣֪Ϊ׵ʦ֮ǰˡ
ءǲټ𣿡Ҷ֪ͷһ̧֮ʱûӰ
ˣһҪԼʧꣿ
׵ʦʦ𣿻ͲҶò
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30 ׵ʦ
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ǻ ദ֮ʱʮעݺ̬ʱҲִһڰǰֻ΢̧ӿϵҶ֪˵еʦʲôӣ
Ҷ֪ǰСϵһֽ дŽõĿҵ ֽ°ͣ˵ΪӦźͼλϣ ӦøһЩ Ͼоǣ ʹ˿ʦֵܰмưա
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ٲû͸Щ֮ɫ۽ü΢ʾϲı仯˿ûӹҶ֪۾Ҷ֪ĿܿЦ̬һЦҶ֪׵ʦ
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ǺˣƷഫҶ֪ãԴֱҲĵº͡
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ħЦһֻµָ棬кҧż֣ԣóԡ
ˣҶ֪ս֣˫ڵȼŭҪаر˷ס˼һɣδü˭ͱ֡
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31 һ
ÿΣ
һ԰ݻǰħޣ ʱǱƲ֮ץ˸ţԼݲǴ꣬ôƫƫ˸ˡ
ҡұȥġҶ֪ԭĻ˵ ҲǲǸñԹ䣬 ɲ֪ô ˿̱סΣ ޷ͷһ۵ǾЩ΢Σյ
ǽĲף ǸȰģػصҶ֪
ֻ˴˵ҶΣաҶ֪Ҳ֪֮¾ﲻˣİ˵ĴͻȻ֣ҶģЩϹȥ ᲻ˡ
㱾Գ嶯Ϊ˳嶯˵ˡ֮ʱ ࡣ
˵ΪͱˣҶ֪ɫת䣬˫ָΪ͸ЩǰףΪ˳嶯Σѵһ֪Ϊظ𣿡
Ҷ֪ﻹ磬 ;Լһգ ǱһϢ֮ͱֵĻɽײȥһϳ֮ˣҲǵʱ˫ۣ Ҳ˲ϴǣ 侲һ㣬Ҫײ÷ǵģ
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Ҷ֪˵Ưеٶ޼û±۵Ļҵļһ˴ֻ֣Ԥеľʹȴδ֣ΨһȦȦˮһһ̾δǰһء
Ҷ֪￴Ҳ޴ӵ֪ɳ˶Զǵһδĵ׵Ĳ˵սµľǣĶָ֪еĸꡣ
ǰҪײһƣֻһ·𶼲зֺۼǰ׳һҷۣ䵽װ֮ʱҶ֪ǿתһ㣬Ҳ˻еģûԼһ·ķ磬ٸһꡣ
Ҷ֪һڽ⿪ֽţߵſڣ˽Ųһ˵㲻
Լ⻰Ҳǰʮ㣬ô˵ԷҲеǸˣ˭֪ȴֱһֻһţ𾪻ͷҶ֪˵Ը꣬Ͳóˡ
㣡Ҷ֪￴ŵڵľĿ࣬ŻΪԷҲΪԼԭˣ뵽⣬и˼֣˵𱾾ǳˣ겻Ҳת룬һ˲ŶԷǿΪ֮һ뵽ֱ֤ʵ飬̫ʧˡ
Ҷ֪Ҳ۹ģҲƽãȻֻ䷿䣬ϸǶԷȥסƻ˵Ǽ䣬ءһţͷ˯϶䲻ȥ׵
粻ֹҲСĹϾͱߵ죬Ҷ֪﷭´Ųһһص߹ȥΪöԷ̵ᵽεĶӣɢͷЩֽɣڵؿţû꣬㶼˯𣿡
лҪ˵סԼϼµĿ⣬ɫ˵
Ҳ˵Ҷֽ֪š
Ҫŵӣְ̧סŰ壬˭Ҷ֪ﱾûʲôԼȴʮ֣һƹȥǰŰ˸顣
Ҷ֪ﵱǾŭˣֻһԼϵĽͲͫһĻ߬һľм˵ټ̳ҵŲ𣿡
֮£촽ԼɵǽӶ˵˴ȥˣ֪Ǹ˵ʱ壬Ҳ֪㿴ʲô˲µĻΪľץҵħ㣬Щһͬš
ҵģҶ֪һ˲𷽲˵ΪۼϵħϢ׶˵ʲôģҲ㡣
Ųңײʱ򣬲Ѿѡ𣿡ָſϵмȻдȴºЩжǱȻʵ𣿡
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룬ҡҡͷ˵Ŭ㿪ŵһ˲Ͷ׷ˡ
Ҷ֪ϸ룬Լŵͦģֲ˲³һֺڰգŬĪҲԼһĻ˵
Ҷ֪ÿüֻۣ۽üҾ͸ŻС⣬Ǽᶨ˶ԷÿպʱЪͷɢӭϸǹģĹǡǡ˵ں
ҪȥҶָ֪滭Ȧ˼Էݣ˵˽뿪û𣿡
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ҹˣҲδƣֻż绮֮˵Ҷ֪ⲻΣխĵ϶˸ˣԼΪ֮ˣΣклòǶԷûԼҲʶһΡ
յıֵǳķΧ˵Ӣ۾Ӣۣȥţ˵еһλ˽
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Ҳܴʼձ䵭Ҳӿ
ʦҶ֪Լıӣ𽪳̬ӣЩЦ
𽪳뵽úõһɽҶ֪ˣ˻ƫ֪Լ֮˵ӰʹѧŶҶ֪ıӣ˵Ц
Ҷ֪ﱻͻĽӴöһȣǰ֮˿ɲӵ֮˵ɵ׻Ǿűȡ
ʶҪȥȴڽҪԷɲ֣ΪεԼ°ϲ˲ģ˵㻮˽ˡ
ԽˣƽɻȥЦ⣬겻


32 Ϊ
עߵһҹ ࣬Ҷ֪ŶħһµӣֻҶ֪һרעУ Ŵ°ˡ
ڽԭҪץģ ȻҶ֪ ǸĴ֮ˣ ȻţЩ£ ܴã˲Ƿǣⷲһ⡣
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ɡң ֻзֵ𣿡Ҷ֪ƽţָתԼ´Ȧż˽»˹ػ䣬ǰǶȻġ
ԭ Ŀ ̾˿ʹ֪࣬ҲͲദˡ
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Ҷ֪һڴĹݣڳ˵İ׷Ʒ˵ˣ׵ʣʸǾһһĺã¹¶һΣǸ˵
ĸڣǸǶϲɳżģóɳʦ״˭ǿÿÿͺ˵ӣ֪з֮ˡ
˵ӣžֻһԭˡ
Ѿ֪ˣȴΪλദһֻ
Ҷ֪״֪ƲˣҲã˵֮˸µˣⲢӰӳ𣬵ǵӣһҵѾԶҵѡ
ʹǵӵ˽ӣϾҲ⣬һǿյĵңҶ֪رǼһᣬٵзûپµįȴ壬ǵܣȴԸ֮ڡ
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㡭϶ȻһĨ졣
Ҷ֪ͷŶԷЦУ۾ĻȺÿһ£Ц֪֪Խˣɲʧҿǻˤȥġ
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ջ֣Ь࣬˵ȥ˯
Ƿ꽻ӣò𣿡Ҷ֪̬˷ŲȴǲֻȥıӰſЦױдȴް󷨼ӳ֣˻ƫѰ˸һƵĽڣСĻֵĿɰ
ԼҲǽҿһˣ˵ΪͽܲñʦԼλʦҲ߯ЩԵʰգߴʤ
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33 深
ʲôѽҶ֪ǰ⻰֮䲻 ɽǾЩζɲдһԵµİ ¸˴¡
ΪѪ ǳЦģӡҶ֪Ծִٵ峺ͫ Ҷ֪ﾫºÿ°ͣ ͳᣬΪ¼ӷ ΪѪλϿɵġ
Ҷ֪촽ٶһˣһＸ겻 ѧŲˣҲѧˣ Ȼö֮صϷԼˣ뵽Ϸ֣Ҷ֪ͷһֻ˼ûעԼ΢ Ͻ
Ҫ˵ һѸٽԷֵֻѹ£ڶԷע£һ̸Ĵ˵˵ˡ
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Ϊβ˵ˣԼǰ˴Ŀ粻ƴǰǰɫҹҲô𣿡
ЦҶ֪
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ٲ֣ҾͲҲЦˣҶ֪Ϸ̲֪ߡ
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Ҷ֪գգۣҪ׷һ䣬һգ岻ܿƵѸ׹䣬ͷһƣȴֽ˴˵Ҿͺá
ҪʲôҶ֪Լоްֿ־֮ģѵԷ˵жԶȻʵԼǳġ
㵱Ѿ֪˭ˣȡ
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޲ۣɻȥ
˭Ҷ֪һʱδӦӯɻ
ӦǾЦݣüͷȴʵ磬ңǲǼ㣿
㡭Ҷ֪ʶؿ죬ץŶԷֽսôô룿
Щʲôǰܽħ֮ϸ֪˻ᱻݵľʱԼЦԷʹҲţҲ̫£ҹм䶼ڸҶ֪˵ÿһ仰ԴŶΪһŬ
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ˡ
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һȱסһٳ齣Ӱ£վȵɿֲһ磬˵ڴϷˡ
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ԼʵǽŵõǰеԵ֡
ǰǻʹ˰գȥʦ֣һ²һ£ƿɺãҶ֪Ȱ
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Ҷ֪֪ôͨʵģҪڰڵȴͻȻͣ·УڿУֻ࣬ŵͷ˵ġ
˱ܿ˴ƧĿյ£Ҷ֪ﻯˮݣ治⣬͵һȥ˼ͣʰʰҲò㷽üͷˡ
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Ҷ֪ɢ棬°ͶӿһЦ˳£·ա
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ʱЩ˼ɣ˼ҲʣԼ˵ղ֪ôٲȻʲôʣ͹ʲôǺ«󣬾͵ʱ˻ϻӣѰ⡣
Ҷ֪￴һ·˵һ·ҲۣЩΥĵ
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ˣ˵ɽȡһɫƿҶ֪ȡ
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ۡҶ֪ĵ׵ҩףԼֻò갡ܲ
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Ҷ֪ĿԷ֣εҡͷ˵֪С𣿡
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ᶨĻشҶ֪ʱ˿׾Ż¶ľֱңɼķӦƲΪȻĻӻնϲȡ
֪ʲô𣿡Ҷ֪ܹӾŻ¶תΪõ֮һǹڰɢҾԼһƶľ޴Ʒʯ


34 ʹ

Ҷ֪һο𿪻Ц Ц̫̫ʵÿһദеЦնͬǰλһĿӶෲ̻ ȴġ
ֻǣ ÿЦǴӴģ Ҷ֪˿̵ľȴˡ
Цˣ ˼ҶˡҶ֪δԼһվȻֹЦϾԷЦôÿ мϿ˲Сۡ
ţЦˣǿЦ⣬Ҷ֪ﴵ˴ɢģ ɢһȦ˲һȦ ԽԽŨͷһʱ̣ЦǸ ֪ ʵǣ
˰ˣѵÿôģ˭˺أ ǻЩȥʦգ ûñ˵ų˾Ҷ֪Ѿ˵ĿˣЦһ£ ɸ־Ͳˡ
ЦǣҶֱ֪֣˲ûЦ⣬Է֣Сĥһ䣺ǣ㣬һˤ˿ɾѿˡ
Ҷ֪ûǰȣֻǱڵЩߣֻԼ·ʹ˫۾Ҳ޴󰭣˼ҵĹȴҲУǣžǣŰաģҪˤˣֻ²ѿ⣬ھεˡ
һγƺ㰡ܾܲιιιİգҶ֪ţǱԷǣ֣ûע⵽˵¾ر𣬲ȻûʲôʣҲͲˡ
⣬Ҷ֪ҹ˵ǰҪ˵ʦա
𣿡Ҷ֪ﵹûһʦΥ汾ˣһʼΪ˳ΪԷӲĲڣֻԼȻ뵤£Ϊʦǲ֪ˡ
һ֮޴󰭰աʦʦҲͲһ֣ⷲ˵ؽ磬ʦʡ
Ҷ֪ԺȴһأԼ֮ʱʦȴҲһ֮ֻ߱ϻرˣΪʦԵѣǿǣһߣһʦصǹ㡾ӱ֣ĽӴɾǴԽˡ
ѾûлʦˡҶ֪ﲻ֪Է룬ֻԸһ£һ£ֲ˵ʦֶԼҲΪеġ
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飿Ҷ֪ӹӣָȹ֮ϵı飬˺ÿҲûʲôرӵһϺõĵؽ׷ֻ񲻹ҪҲǽᵤԺˡ
޷ֻǰͨȷ缴ɣ飬Ϊ֮ãǲ㾳Ӱ졣
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ڻʹ棬ѵǹʦܲỹǵ˹ٰգ뽪۴ʦǸֻ֣Ϊ˰ɵ;Ҳδ֪
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ɫҶ֪Цĵɫǲˣֻˡ
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Ҷ֪ڴصŶԷģ˵ĶԻȴǱһ·СܶȺˣѭȥ˻治٣ν壬ǰͷӭһɫԲխ̬Ը̬ӣһǰ˫۱Բһ˵ʦسӭ٣ˡ
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Ҷ֪뵱ȻѧٲõļƽԷʳԺյڣǵɹҲǶϲᱻ˵ʲô̿ץġ
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35 ֮һ
Ҷ֪δĻʵۣ ˼֮ʱ͵ȣ֪֮Թ󣬿ʦֺôҲǸ֮ˣ ѵ϶Ů鳤ʹ˻ķΪ˹
Է۽絶һƣ ֱ飬 ˲ʲôı֮ ΨҪ˺󳾡
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ǣǺǣһƿŻ¶ˡҶ֪Цϲ⣬ ҡӵĶȴǿЩ ˵ʦֵܣҲǳμ棬 ˵ãλһݾߣһ⿴˶Ѱ
֮ϵķ򸾶繣ۡ
Ҷ֪λɩɩӳҲǡˡݣ˲ʵǲףϾǿӡ֡
ԶԶ̸˼֮£λɩɩֵһʦֵ۾
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ʱҪȥȻǸ޿ˣǳТԹ飬Ϊδȫɾٶ鵤ҩ˷мЧã
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ٻѽ;һԻѽҶ֪ŵСʿˡ
Դ󳹴֮ʦֵ顣Ҷ֪һġ
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Ҷ֪Щ⽪λʦΪˣΪ˵Ҳ˵ϴֻ֮һﵱ£ǧ֮ĸԸط;
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Ҷ֪ʹͷͺʹ˲ϣʹɥ־ѡ
ͣһ칷Сʦܻд˾򣬹ͬ졣
ӣҶƮҵͽʹҵģ㽲ĻǱ׶ĵףʦĺˡ
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36 ѹ
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谵ڣ ˮߣҹԺ洵Юܽޡŷɫɴʣ ɫʣ һˡһϮбϣ һ֧Ŷ δֻ˳ż米к١
ʱ һ˫΢ţһֻ־ǧ֮è¹ϣҲ˿˴׽֮С
Ŀʹ˳Сʦʴϻۣ صӶԣ֣ һʵӺա
͵ҲÿμΪʦλվЩģ̧ϲƵ ָĥ飬 ˣﶼ¶ȣ̧һΪ֮һ֮ͷ ֵ Ϊûң
۵һ˲ܳ˼ ˲ָ˭˵⣬ԥΣȴֻлת˵ǰȥסˡ
˿Լ΢üһ䣬ôҲи
ĵǷˣżͱϾһΪڣֻĵСʦǲʦƢʦ˼зԸ밲¿ǰϻĺ룬ۣΪʦ֣ûǵ˵ģĥһǣʦܵʦʦ纣£ʱʱ£ֻյ洫ңΪеٹ⡣
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뵽⣬вЩ⣬һǲţϾǸʵ۰ƽȻǺûûǰķеģʵеģ˵ҪɫŶġ
䲻˽Ҷ֪ʦֵ֮㻥ﻥľеġ
֮£üĿ˲չһӲ˺ɫ˵ȥ룬Ҷ֪ﲻɫͷܻһЦ֪ǲɫĺá
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ۼɵ֣˳Էѩ׵βͣ˵ôֲһûأ㵹ԸҺúþˡ
Ҷ֪δѩͷȡһֲôһͷôʳﵽߣžһɺԶϽɢǾͷеһ鷽˳ˡ
Ӵʦǵ֪ڹУ֮ʱΪˣĸ˲ûҪϲһɵر֪񲻽׻˵֮Ҷ֪Ǽᶨ˲ٸλ˵
;뷲˽ֻΪУΪ֮ӵӰ췲һӰ죬ȴģʹ˱ʵֵڴö֮ǰǷȴԼʲôʿȴΪʲô
ЩȻǿͨ͸ˣȴȻһѹǰ֮֮ʦҶ֪ΪףȴΪѾػ˵Ҫȥ֮ȴſͣ˽Ųԥˣԥʲô
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ڶһ磬Ҷ֪Ƿź󾱳ţǰҶ˵ѩǻҶ֪ܳԵúãǳԵ̫ˣԺǶϲܷͷ˯ˡ
˼ҹҲûˬԼҲ֪ĸˣȻǰἰ¼ӷ޿ܣٷǿģЩȴԼǱ󵼶Ҳá
˵ҲЩͷûưˣǰ˵Ҳǹȥ˼ҳԵģҲðչʾԼǰˮ׼Ȼٹȣ˵ҪԣҲǳһڣ͵ȡģ򵥵ͺá
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һ޲ֻǽֻ۱ӰŸᣬĶһֻһֻ
Сʦܿǲڣ
Ҷ֪ﲱӲܻͷҡͷֻ˵Ҳǡ
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Ҷ֪һ˵ü죬ߣ֪˼ﻹһϽͣδһߣ˵Ҳǵһθ˰ζĻͦóԵġ
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Ҷ֪ĿⱾǸЩܿӣʱϵֱ۴ֻһСԴһʱɻᡰţһ
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37 ַ
ҽǸġҶ֪ʶְ̧סԷĶͷ ƣûƶ
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ҴӦҪк ֹϵˣ Ҷ֪ɫϣ һºȻϣ ĵĺ׻ЩۣҲ±Թһ䣬 ˭֪ԷһסŲˣ飬Ȼ˵ ղС
ʲôУɫǸɻˡ
Ҷָָ֪ԼĲӣ Щε˵ҹ˯ţͰԼֻѩͷˣȻͣǺǣ ˡ
𼸷任 Ҳ֪ǲǻԼûг⣬ҵ˵ǣ˭ֻôεĽأֲǸСޣ ų˯ Ҷ֪򴽣 ̾˲ͳűմҾͲˡ
Ҫǽ˲Ӳ㣬һֹ˷ƣҶ֪֣ܲ
֮һսҲ֪ΣֻԷһ˫ȼ˫֪ͫս֮ʢҶ֪ȭʦִӲҲǳʮˡ
㶯֣Ҷ֪ƳԷʱ͸˵һֻεǸϣȴǺ˶Է˷ִĺĵѵԼˣʾǲԵԼضˣһϣһǰδ֣Ȼǽ
Ҷ֪æҲ˲ϽǰеҲǹģô֪İ
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ôԽŪԽˣԼֻ˰˱ӵʯͷǲ̫Բ֡
ҹʱ֣Ҷ֪ǰһˣȴϢҲιιѩе˼⻹һξġϾ˭һ˲ء
һҪѩǳһڣźȻƿȻͷջ֣СһһҧҶ֪ϣҶ֪ҲûֻۣһãȻ򼱳ܽԼڵˡ
Сʦܣô˼üͷǰһקҶֱ֪۾ǣ֪Լ´ˣΪȰЩȥգʦһ˵ǳŰˡ
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ҴҲԣɲ֪ΣȥϡҶ֪۹˸˵
һקסҪתȥлҶ֪СӵǷˣȻҺʦˣѹְʦҲýǷǱڴˣʮҲҰⲻʡĵСʦˡ
СӣͽקסͷײǽĵľţʦһһģｵˣСٲѣֻԼʹ÷ȥһ룬Ǹֻ˵ôУȥһֳǣΪֵõϢнڻһϵȻɫСʦܺβô˻Գġ
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Ҷ֪շתµһ֮ʱܵĸ̯λĿϾӣҪ˵ҲǵһֳǣֻǰҪǻ켣Ⱥе̯֮һҪЩ۵СƷǱڹߡ
ȣֻһŵӵķº壬Ͳһʿ̸ӽģĿһЩС̯λҲᱻ֮ϲͳһʯ
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Ľӵ˹ģƣȻһ˰ҿԱ⣬ǱһǿǲάϵģҶ֪֪һƷȻƲĹ༸Ǻ·޴ӵ֪ˡ
յĿȷͲһˣҲǴһͬǰġ
ָӣһйҳƷ嵥Ŀⶤ˵ڶĩ˵һʯϣǰֳĳһ߽ʯģϡĲ󣬶ȥʯ֮Դ֮ʱը¯ɥǼҾ֮£ȴ˽֪ʯһʯڲʯںΪ𣬸ǳ˶ǷǣͲҶ֪һ֮˻ĵˡ
Ե𣬶ȴòڵʹõػ
Ҷ֪ǳЦ̾Ϊ񣬻ʲôõء
ʱҲˣҶ֪Ⱥ뽻УȴһֻСǣסԼͷȥֻһڵСŮһС۰Ͱ͵Լ
ǺӼ˹ί̶ֺõЦݣ˵磬ȥ֮ǰһֻѱ𣿡
⡭Ҷ֪δֶһΪǰûǸǮˣ˵ƾһֻѱܸѰĵһֻѡ
磬㿴˶ѱأСŮָָһԼҲûõˣָָԼŵ˵زϸһ׵ܣԲůҴ󣬲ѱóˣָ󣬲һƷʯкã˰ɡ
Ҷ֪ﻹǵһα˲ԭܾСӻͦΪˣֻǡ
ҿҶ֪óһƷʯŵСŮģӹ֮ʱֽһżзĽϣһƷʯǮڷ˳һŷ䣬׷㡣
Ǻסһ˲ĿмصͷлĻϲȥˡ
Ҷ֪СһԼֻѩӪûɵӷ·һ̾ҪһغĵԼ˵뷲˽ȴһʱ̳պҲټˡ
Уÿ˶õһľƣϿַڳлȫдľߣڳнãԻеֹһֳǣľƾͻữΪʧ
Ҷ֪ľƣһʶעԱǣ֮ʱ躰ֻۣýбͨʶľƼɣʶڶ࣬ӵҲǰ
ȺеҶ֪ﱾΪԼҲ棬ܻǲô۵ģ˭֪ڹᱻͻȻȥ·μͷڽӹһ˵СΪ·


38 ׺
Ҷֱ֪˴һŷſڣ ˶µģһŸòﲻܴգϾô֪ѱѡ ޵ĲĻһۿɼġ
ֳǵôż䣬 ɲΪ˳ۣ ʹȻ ֻżǴǰλûеĶʦˡ
Ҷ֪ǳμ棬 ôҲԼʦ֣ɲ̫ʧǡ
𽪳λʦֵۣΪмֻǻһֻν򻨴й ƬҶմ
ż䣬Ƕλ·С˾´ţ ҾףһһˮңӰԼӳϣ뵣 װԼ ֪ԼУҪΪλ˵Ĺ뷿
˲Ҷ֪Ҳ̫ͻֻ˵֪¿ʶ
 ڴˣ ɻԵ
Ҷ֪ƹ磬 ֻ˽ոβڣһŽɫţֻ迴Էǳıžµһϳ
ôҶ֪ǰ˼ʦֽ̻壬֮ʱǱЩźá
صһֱߵϯ˵Ȼ
Ҷ֪⣬˹ȥԷֵ˿ףȻǲ̫׽ֻŵһߣˣ˿ڲ裬ʵ֪ʦкƷ
ȫһö׵ϣֻǰǿյһ°ǽȻγһˮ٣ޱȳž̨ϵĻ棬ˮ໯˻
ȫҶ֪ﱾҪһ㼷ȺеģȻûôõĻлһŽƷľ˿̣Ǿչָŵһе߸֣ʵ
Ŀбӣûϸдʲôᶨޱȵظȫ
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Ҳ˼Լľֹ֣оѾǼˣͲͷˣֱһУԼǸĶӣҲǵжȵģǰղȣҲԵÿˡ
ȻҶ֪Ӵ֮ʱ˵Ĳ֮Уʹ侲ϢָоȻ֮ȥҶ֪һƻֻǽԼǱ˿־壬Ҫˡ
Ҷ֪ｫӰڷϣּ򵥵ֻڿܿԼӴǰ˫˫ԸҲԼһ˲֡
۾˼ϣԼ˵Щʲôأֻȡѩë侲һ£˭֪ѩǾӵ˲ȥһھͽֻСˡ
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Ҷ֪춼ϲ죬ÿճԵôõѩǾȻһֻ󣬻ԼһƷʯ
ⲻܳԵģҶ֪һץѩǵβͣ˶ôԳ󣿡
ۼ㱯飬Ҳ˲ǰĳģȰѩҪģ֪ˣһٸֻģ֡
ѩ󣿡Ҷ֪һ˲
ȻأѲǰιأƼһʹʧĻ棬һȴûסЦˣǸ˶ֲ˵ġ
Ҷ֪𣬾һʱ˵һ䵭һЦģҲǲˣüͷһƳһߣʦΪһ¯lu˼ֵΣڱصأ
ʲôƱһѣ̿Ʒ嵥ײ֮ʱ˲һȣƿۣȴ˵ŽѵĻ֪ССͲѧãĿ飬֪
ⲻνĶȸ״ʻ治ʿ˵ģǰþãöֻ࣬ƾڲڵĲ飬ǶϲᶮЩ߰Ķġ
Ѱ˼ŸôĻ׻ȥ⴫֮ǰ·Сˣʱ̣һݷϣ˵ɳµǲݡ
ºҶ֪Сظһ飺ǲݣ
Ϻӣɽ䣬˵Ϊ¹ֲ
ô֪Ҷ֪ſ֮ʱ֪½˼ԼƴĻشΪԼԹǵú½˼ǿ׺ԵӳΪ֤ʵԳǲݣΪ֪½˼ҲǸ˵лѽ
ǰǲ֪ηΪʦɲҩˡ˵˻Ϊ࣬Ҷ֪һ˴ǰʦĸоɽʱͬյֺγֻеʦݣҶ֪˫۽ſϣֱϵƵصͷ˵ʦǵԴ̲źãҩ£պĪˡ
̬֪ԷָǺ£һʦָ̬
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Ҷ֪棬Щʵǲرǵħ޼֮⻰ȻǴӸòΪΣòΣŮһ֮Ǻζ̧ͣסҶ֪Ķ䣬˵
ѾˡҶ֪˵ԼѾ˽ȫж˼ЩʲôֵģɶԷȴû˵Ļᣬ˵ħ֮ΪݣʹǳˣҲĪҪⷨţԡ
˭֪ȰģҶ֪ȴǱ˹˻ƵĺȻˮĻĿעŵŮӵ
ﻹסŻЦԼҪ´Ůô񵹳Ҷ֪ﱻԵ߻أԣ￴ȻҪǰֻҶ̧֪֣˵һסشȾŭ㻹Ҫһ
ҪҶ֪˦Է֣ɫΪҳö۵ľƣһʶע룬̨ȴδļλĿɻһʱ֪ιʡ
ż֮ڣֻƣƽҶ֪ԷӹʱȴֲԸˣŮ²壬һüĺϰħķ֮ʣƼ޺캣ˣǿǺϻڵӡǡ
֪Ҷ֪ﳤ۵ͶµӰڸǵǳǵı䣬ɫѪ˿۰ףǾΥ͸Щ
֪Ҫ֣Ķɴ࣬ѲҶ֪ƽϤλˡ
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39 
һƷʯ нм۸ߵ𣿡̨ϣһԱװ˺һָħŮ˵ Ů ţ Ըȥ λ뵣ջ鷳
̨ܼ֮ΪӶָ֮
˵ʲôԸ ˭֪Ҳɲҡ
ħڳʲô⣬ȻĳǮ¡
ǣҵʿ Ǯƿҩ

̨ŮЩǰ㲻գ ḧ۽һ룬ľͣڼϵ֮ϸϸġ֫ڣ һÿᱡɴȹ һ˫ʾˣһԺɫֻΧѩƤ֮ϺȻһӡ
Цڴ˵Ǻϻʿ ֻǱϰ˲ɲū ѳɣ Ȼħδž˶֣ħʿڴˣ֪⣬˲棬ҲѰһˣΪūΪҲãܺù䵽ϻϣǱȥǡǡ
ŮĻ𱳸֣۾Ҷ֪ǿȻȻıӰ
㿴ʲôˣҶ֪űƣתͶһ˫İ۾Լ̫¶ŶԷ׿Լĵ׵ĳޣǸʲô״
ޱ飬ʵ𣿡
Ҷ֪аɡ
𣺡ͬˣ
ôᡭҶ֪ﻰδ䣬Ǳһǽ棬Щ»һ죬һαԷ֮ʱôЩȣɽշøԷߵȫȻԼ֮ϣλǺĪѹȸУҶ֪ȻģԼеϰˡ
ܲǱҲˣǣҲǣˣǰԼʲô²ˣֻҪӰۣ͡
ô˵𣿡
Ҷ֪ǧҲûȻ䣬Ʋ֣ߣֵֹ᲻ƫǹίôҲҶ֪һʱ֪ȵĸоǶԷ˷ִĺʱ£ֻȷһ˼е״̬
ƷͽżȻĺһħŮҲǽϵֽ߬ȭֽſƵҶ֪ԺοסȵĺϣߵͳʵأҺҲΪ𣿡
ҡҶ֪ûᷢչȻκ˶ܱģ߹ǣǽӽ֪ԷĳһսȻһ
ȥ⡢ˣ޵ȥ˼ԼˣΪǰľľѲ֮ΪͬˣΨĸǲͬġ
ĸ飬оءимйġϧһвٽĻϣǡһЩԵģԼȥ֡
𣬡Ҷ֪ܵԷٵĺߣ˫ƽ۾ʹˮҲĵȼյĻӲ㾳ѹƣҲͲסȫһɾڶԷȱÿÿ̾˫ָ֮ʱȴѡ˵Ҳϲ
ֻһټ򵥲Ļ㲻óľܾǲ֪ǳ嶯ͻĶȴӦͣˣ˿ߣַŶת֮ʱһ㺮˪һȭδϣȴҶ֪ԥ˵Ҳû˲ϲ㡣
ֻһ䣬֡
Ҷ֪ʰԼΪ𾪵ڵƣģ˵ΪĶٻǱӰ죬ҲΪҵĹʧȥƽʲô侲Щʱգ͡
侲ˡûת
Ҷ֪ǶӲ֣ʦ
𣺡ұ̡
ҽΪӡҶ֪̾˿ΪԼҲΪ֪Ƿɵһ;֮ˡ
Σ
ΣҶ֪￴ˮĻ֮ȻƷкһ˵֪ʲô˽һϳ˸黹Щʲô𣿡
˽⡣תҶ֪Ŀȶᶨ
˽ң󣬾ͲΪҶҴʧ֪Ů֮˭Ļᣬ֪жҪ𣿡Ҷ֪δ˵һػɽ̫֮뾭ѵܳ׶Ĳе룬˶Լǰٺһ
ԷŹЩ˴ֻΪЩ˲Լĸֱߣƶб˼һۣǻһ³
ŮͬжȥŨױһؾѣαɣɲǰԼľ£ֶħﲼ֣ΪƷĹ֡
˶ˣӱضǸӵе¯֮ˣ뻹ֵ֮ʼٸߡ
뵽⣬Ҷ֪˫Ŀգǵϯ˿޺Լĥ̹ǳ˲ԹԹԼǰ̫ҲԹԼΪţ֮ʱһ˫ұͫϧˣϧ˶ѵǰܴȾѪѵ֮ܳ
ġ
һҶ֪ٿȻܵʶжȼĺ汻ůذֱϨȻһΣ˼ϣһžԼЩڳ
ѣ֮ȥ˫Ȼָ峺Ҷ֪ػͷһֻۣһۣ˿˾룬ǰһҪ˻޵ĺ׳ֱ纮ҷεֻۣһ˵ҿո·̫ˡ
޷߽Щùƣᣬ˾Ϣһᣬа취
Ҷ֪ƽȣ뱾Լľ֮ʣ˶ԷһƢպٽҲ٣Ͼһһһ֪ҲŤתùģ»ҪҶ֪ｫŽɣ֮Ͻӹһ裬ʵп͸¶𣿡
ԡɽȡһɫõУֵԡ
Ҷ֪ﻹһƷСˣ˴ƿʳҺĶȻǲģɻ˵ǷЩ飬͵ʽá
С궫ȥȴѵõĺɫǰͣұһҪŮӣֻκηųЩӣеĹزˣ֪ɷ㽫͵λҴֻǷԸһ֮ʱͽ֮ʾλӡ
С˶֮һҶ֪͵֪㷽ֻרעھۣȴǺĺ۷ʽͶŮ־ڱصãŮ˵Լ࣬棬ɾͶ˿ϵȲǰȥħڣųΪʿ֮ˣ᲻֪㲻֪ܣǻȥ·ġ
˵ӦʶģҶ֪Щ˼
ͷΪΪ˸һһԹ֮ڵݡ
Ҷ֪ô֪еС˲ܾǰȥأ
𣺡Ҳδأҡ
Ҷ֪δ׷ʣֻͻȻ𷽲ǷعζҲԼƵϸ˼˵ҡ
ҹעģ治ɫ
˭ˣ
ңҲãԡ
лҪ˵
С糡
Ҷ֪ûвϲ㡣
𣺣޴ŵС֣Сͮͮǽˡ
Ҷ֪ǲʲôˣ
ûаֻСѧʦ˵˫ط񶨴ʲô£װ·񣬶£δڰ
Ҷ֪ѧʶش𣩴϶
ţҲϲ㡣
Ҷ֪Ǹϲһϲϲϲĺܶ࡭˵ᣩ
ϲҶֻϲ㡣

ǰߣ̱˴һƻɡ˦ֺֻ֣ǶˣΪԵʦкθ룿
ЦŻȥ˾ͺá
δĵһ޵İͷСֶ


40 Ԫ
ԣ
Ҷ֪þûһۣ ô󣬻ֻײдļ⻰ǶǳС˵ģ ˻⣬ һȡֵС
Ҷ֪ʵʵԼģ ǹɼˣ ֻǴǰΪж˵ǿ ˻Ҫ˳ź壬ԷȲԸĽӴԺԼűǣ˵ûвϲǾϲ ϲͺá
㡭
֪
˶һۣȴҶ֪ٱܿĿ⣬ ȥһҲ˵Ҳ˵
Ҷ㡣ЦᣬעҶ֪￴СӵıӰ
ʲô
Ҷ֪ûһֳͷ ԴˮĻû˼Ʒ Լ˵˵úΪ˵һң˵ȫģ ôûںˣ
ȵȡ
Ķģ ЩڲĽڿ벻ƽòȻ Ǳã˵Ĳģû
ĲƷ಻ôʦȫȴҶ֪
˵ҪƭġĿʩˮĻƬ̡
Ҷ֪عͷЦζԤҪ䣬˭֪˼ȴЦӯӯȷҶ֪￴Ŀ󣬽˵ΪģΪ㡣
㡭⻰ȻôֱףҶ֪ﾹ޷еԼΪηҪĺĺ
ЦЦֵÿîʱ𣬺ʱЪƽﲻ̸Ŀһһ϶ͣһ̶⣬ǰ¶ʵûʲôѣⲢ㲻ԸΪƣзĵǶмӣ
˵ˡҶ֪˵
Ҵжǲһģҿüϲŭ֣ҲӲĸҵĿ⣬˵⣬ɫת䣬Цºͣ͸ЩţԵİʵǽϲɫʵǻɫϲĲͰɫǴҡ
ҡ
Ҷ֪￴ҪԷ׭ָߵ棬˵գһ¶˵ˡ
˵Խ˵ԽףҶֹ֪˽ֵΪϲһ˾ȥз˵˽Լԡ
רĿδֽóһŻַǳż䣬˿ֻһˣ˴ˮĻЩöԷ˵ΪΪζħ
Ů֮£ҵġ˵Ҷ֪ﲢ޶ֵؿ˹ȥֻԷϣɫ΢䣬һĳﻹаǰԼ˵Цӣһ䣬Էȴһָڴǰ˵ԣҪĴϹˡ
ǹԣô˵ˡ
Сţڶ˾Ե˼ԭ̨ϹԶ۵һ̤ż䣬ڵ㶼ζһЩ壬һЩǶΡ
Ҷ֪ȻǺأͷľƣҲѶҡֺ˿ȴһ㱣͵ֱۣһûעⱻץ˸У򴽹ӣֿˮĻ
ŮʩʩȻƹ磬һɴḲò欣ŴǷжѿܵľЦݣĿﲨ٣һ˫۶̧֮ʱȴǰûƼԤеĻ档
ӶԳ֣ħ޷ݲҲǶ޶ãһĿпһû㣬һȴǽˮĻơ
Ȼ߹ߵǰȻĿǲƫеǰȴֱӴ׻һߵҶ֪￴ź׽һЩ˭뵽Ųոߵ˶ԷΧǷĿһе˺Ȼ̧֣ͽڵʸŮӳ汩¶ļ˸׵ס
ΪūΪ澣һԼɡ䣬Ǳ֮ǰˮĻǰҪ˳ۡ
ū񣬼λɳת֮ʱȴǺüĵ˺һöؽƷƵѲɻΪ˻ū澣
ƹǿƵԣϷŽɫĵǵʦӡǣǶȻһģƵƵۿԱġ
ˣǲŮɫ
ɳ̧ҲľΪһ衣ӣ¶һذ۵ֱۣǰرԽĽ羪ͫһɳֺα˾ǧ֮أ
ӽ𣬸ΪԪĪ˵񣬾Ҷ֪ǺһͷһۣʲôԪģڿЦ
ȴһȻӣҶ֪Ŀº࣬˵ģΪգ
˾ͺáҶ֪ŮһţŭգЩͲסҪ֣ǿưˣ˵𣬵˵ŬԼһʱ嶯Ůҡ
ɴ˿̱һͣӲƺࡣ
ۼˮĻ֮ϣ֮һĸ߽ʯչҶ֪֣ԷᣬҪͽƽϲʯ⡣
Ҷ֪ӹƣʱЩãȻⷬɵ۽⵽΢ɫ֮ʱ˲ЩҪʲôˣܲ϶ѣҲʲôϡĲˮġ
˭̶֪һĹһ쾧ʯĳֱ̨ۣۡƷʯʱ̨һƬԵʯͷƷҲֵǮ
Ҷ֪ﱾΪ㱻˴̧ۣͨԷҲиޣʯĹĿ飬֮ʱǱĵģԭļƻʯһ鶼Ǵ´ָ࣬һڲ£ȥĪǻࡣ
ͷһ𣬶һκЩԥΪ𣬼ʹһǧҲǻ󣬿ԼƷʯƫҲֻʮ֮Ҫ͸ģԼȴҪ֮˽Ǯ
֪ʵ˳ҲûʲôʯɬˣһĪ˽ȴǴ˵㾡У´
Ҷ֪һЩɶԷ֪쾧ʯ̲غֻؼ˼ֱۣһ·Է۵ʮţɫһ䣬˵ֻʮˣֻ쾧ʯԵ
˭֪ʮһ޾̨ۣϵûã쾧ʯͱ͵Ҷ֪ǰҲʵʣҶ֪ϽװԼȫƷʯĴŵ֮ϣСȴǵ˵࣬˵ֻʮš
ˣȻҶ֪
ˣɽȡһƷʯ׵ϣ˻º󣬷ǣãȻҶ֪˵ǸɵľУһԱ֪˽ֻˣǺãǲͼ˸жԼܻüǵЩ¡
Ĵ֮ҲҪ
Ҷ֪ͷȴֱ˵ҲЩˣҪֳסһҹԪҸãĪҪħڶͽץȥ
뿪УпջҶ֪һ·µģôһ仰͸ˣôҲÿʯͷʲôۣ˵Ѱ˿ܴ˼ﻻûʯˣеҩ
лʯͷҲûֻҪϷڣԷûȥ˼һĪʵ㲻Լȥ˯𣿡


41 ҹ̸
㻹лҪ˵Ҷ֪ĵصĻش ˭֪˼ҵãߵһ߹˴ָջķ䲼һ磬 һԲؿߡ
Ҷ֪ʶؼӽ Ͳ˰벽 ҹڷߣ űմ춼ˣ ʲô²ܺú˵Ҫأ
˽һҶ֪һֱ޿ײߣ ײߡॡһּٿȻһǰ Ҷ֪˫ֵǰ˵ԡ
ȴһִ̨ ˿ Ҷ֪һ顢̬ɫǲ˾֪Щ̨ײˣ ǲԷ ҲýŹø¾޲ǡ
ǣң ˯ɣȥûпշҶ֪Σ˼ʲôûԼǺ˼ʲôˡ
첽ߵűߣȴһҹҪ죬֪԰꣬һԡ
£Ҷ֪ת
ą̇̄ڴ߲輸ϣժߡ
̸£Ҷ֪̻ɢֵֹ˼߻صߣγ֪˵кΰţ
ʯͷΪʯ𣿡˵Żڴˡ
ô֪Ҷ֪Ȼ֮ʱй˲仳ɶԷ֪쾧ʯڲ𣬵²Ҳûü쾧ʯʯͷϢˣ
ЦЦ΢ףͷҶ֪ΪȻԼߵλ˹ȥҶ֪ע⵽ԾԼӸµ˶ԻǲףǱ˼ߣʵͼƻˣһ߼쾧ʯģ
һʼŮӱ¶쾧ʯ뷨ֻΪ̽ʯͷһ֮ʱȷ֮йӵһֲΪ֪ĴֶΡҶ֪棬˫۾ҲٶԼ㣬ֻרעؿԼô棬ǱȴǰºЦոӺÿ΢һ̶Ȫƴ΢磬ֱһʱʧŲĿ⡣
ȻأҶ֪գգۡ
˶񣬽˵ǸӣҲᱻ˿ô̫㾺֮ʱδԥ̧۱ֵֻ̫ΪƵŮ˵ǣǵ治֪۵ɵӣʯͷ˭Ҫ𣿡
ûΪΰˣҶ֪ﱾŶԷĻһûע⵽˵ĻʱúڵϹˣ˵ҪŹ𣿡
Ȼûйⶼһһ˵һȥۣҶ֪Ųߣ˵㻹û˵أ
ⲻ£ȥЬ࣬Ծһ˯λãɻ˵֪Ӧмƽϣѵ㲻˯𣿡
˯ʲô£Ҷ֪Ȼ뵽ŮҼΪͬ쾧ʯǿʯͷǱڵļֵ᲻õǮưˣʹǴһҹӦҲµġ
Ȼǣ֪룬Ů۾Ͱ͵ضװ쾧ʯĴˣǲ˯óˣθҶ֡⻰˵úеȻԵҶ֪ﲻ˴֣˼ˡ
Ҷ֪ʵʵǺ˱ӣһģ۹ãֱ˺ʱҲδкβԣ˼ܣֻǻҪװ˯ˡ
ǹİգҶ֪мƽϣڽδ˯ѣֻҪ˽ӽȻж˵⻰ʱ᲻ţֻΪԭΪΣ֮˵ĺȻ˳˯İȡ
ǣδۣЩδȫȻǵҴ룬Ͳ͵صΪͼп֮ϣͲѰʿĳħ޴ܵķҲδ֪
ҷѾ˸ţ֪˵ĲֻҶ֪﷭˸Է˯ա
δ˽Ϊ߸ȫҲϣѡ¶֮ʣ̧ڴ˸Ƿڣ˯ɣˣ쾧ʯǣ֮һҲ龫Ӧġ
㶼ûʹҶ֪
ħ벻ʣй
գîʱҶ֪ﲢûҹ˯ж಻ȣҲӹжƣֻǼʹۣҲ֪˴˿̵ľ룬ʶ֪̽ȵĺѾǼ⸡ˡ
֪жԹԼһҹƽɵƲ˿ǰߣȻЩ۾ֻǳЩв̤ĽӴ
ˡͷűߵ죬һλɳˣ
Ҷ֪һĪӿͷŻŵһˣմӴϵȥٿȻۣǰȴЩεĿ⣬ֻ䱻һ̣һ֮ʱſ˶Էϡ
ɲС֮һУڴ𣿡
¿ɣ־һڣҶ֪ﲻ֪ԼΣ½ǳһƬѩϸļйâʱײҶ֪ǵܿߣĻţֻаԼһ᲻ȥǹԡأҲΪͬΪӵ;
ѩ覴ãź΢ƻűĺҶ֪ԽԽﵱȡ
ҵ˼Ҳһ˲ˣԼĶͷüЩֲݺײ˴ߣһʹųڣ֮ڨڨ˵ˣǡ
ʲôˣҶ֪Լļ硣
֪
ʱְ糷ȥˣҶ֪ٳ
յſ֮ʱҶ֪µݸִ˵ͲסҪˣ쾧ʯңȥ
Ҷ֪ﴩǴ䣬ߣһ豭ˤϣƵᣬ˵ȴҧгݣվ㶯ôһҾûҵĲѾãȥŮ˵ΪΣĶ𣿡
ĿɲʲôüĿᣬ仰ǴҶ֪һģֻҶ֪ɫһ㶣صһں챦쾧ʯѣҶֺαСֵܶ˵ĺ
԰գϷȫףһƾҶ֪ϮڶĴҶ֪ҲǵһУû룬ƽδ¶ʵһƷˮ˰㲻ֻȫӦмܡ
ɴ˵رϾҲֻǼͷ˵ռ䲻ʩչȭţЩѰڼҶ֪ﶼʱ᧿Σֻ˳֣ȫȻںһȭһƻʲôҶ֪ȴǸģǷһ豭Ҫ˼ϰǮ±Ϸ˿ûҪƴƴһط˰裬һֻҪװ쾧ʯĴ
ۼҶ֪ǰûнԼ˼һƷƷ˴ߵ裬Ҷ֪Խ˸˵ʱʱ죬ֻĿ˴˵ţҶֵ֣պֳ꣬⿴˭ⱦδǳҶ֪ڳ˫֣һḧ΢Цգ۵˲תӴԽҶ֪عܵߣﻹüӰ
Ҷ̧֪Լа˭ѧͽӵɣ


42 һ
Ҷ֪ʰԼͷ ߳ϣͼһ¥ûûʼ⣬ֻһĿջƹͷķ
ȡһƷʯ׼׵ƹϣ ԷһԲ˸ ֻص̨ˣ ֳ̻Ǽٴģ ֻǸûССֵ¡
Ҷ֪ﲽڿͷţǷӦ죬 ֮ʱϽЦģһǻǰ欣һֳűߣŮΪµչֵ쾡£ĿϸϸشҶ֪ ˵ɳѰ
ֹɣֻҶ֪аԼ ڴֹǻᣬϸҪѴŮϵϸڼס˸ࡣ
˵ǰĻ治Ů֮ˣǸЩѰ˼ҹŮ һĨħ޺Ҳǻһ亣Ļ䣬 ֮ʱǿԼ˵۹⻹ǲǰûƳһ޺²һɲħ

лɳȣ ʵ ҸɽŮᣬĿм
ɽѾħ﹥𣿡Ҷ֪˦齣ϵѪ飬 ֽǹڵϵŮӷ
ɳ֪СŮյţҸͽĿɽȻĩŰټҵ¾ݵ֮һˣСŮţҲǹ͵֮˴γħϮҲΪѰɢʿǰݵ㣬ɳȻһ壬ҳţΪ棬պܾµĿɾͲֻ䵥Ůӣ֮ڡ
Ҷ֪齣˿Щɡ
ɳƣһҲټСŮħ֣֮ɳȱСŮصɽ

ɳҶ硣
Ҷ֪ƺһ񺮣˲佫ӻʵɦŪ˵Ůˣһʱ޷ǰ֮˵ƭȾͻĹôԼǰûĻ棬һ룬ƺôƬֻ̣ǰԼòƵһӦִһԵʬϰ˼·͸Ůˡ
Ҷ磬ãûѧ˸ȡڻʲôԪ
ûְãҶ֪һҪԼļ磬æ˿ôͲǰһú˵֣Ҷ֪ҲǿǸǫǫӣɲ־Ͱ˵ָˣ㷽Ƕδ˵꣬½˵
Ŀڣ˳ƾͰѱҲûߵЩǰ㣬˸գḧޣ˵ٿҲˣҶƣҳˮȻ֪Ҫȥ
֮ͣҳݡҶ֪ŶܵĶߣת֮ʱĴǹ˵ϡ
Ҳһ˲£˹ɢע˵һƬ֮
Ҷ֪ߣֻԷŻֵ˫ۣȻһ㱡ӵˮ𽥻һƬķۣܿ˵ȴʲôҲΨд³ķɫ˲ѣʲôϰΪū֮Ǻϻϵȵ
нʶֻ¾Ҫ˴Ůĵˡ
磬磬ūǲǴǰ㣬찡
Ҷ֪˻Դ̧һҪԷȴ̶ȻϮջֻΪ᲻صƿŭһսթСˣ͵Ϯ
԰գƴὣ׷һӰ
ֳ
һլԺһִһȣһûһµŷ磬֮дšң޼ʷվȹǲѰ̴ľһְɫĽ䶥˼ҫ£ʱʱֵ͸Щī⡣
ԺУɫ䵭ȴһϢ֮ʱһߴǣһ˫΢ţһɴŮˣ˵һΪҪҹܵ֡
ȲãŮ˲̬ȣ˵Էϣһʯͷѣþˣ˹ӵĴ¡
һֻߣһͽһ˿Ĵ˳һۣȻɫһݣŮһƿһһִһӡ
ֻһƽض𣬷ɢ֮ʱһʹͷֱۻεĺ˺Ȼ֡
֪кμ̣һ̧֮ʱǻǣľżһ̧˫ۣٿȻڿնһȭգԭһĵطȭͷӴ֮ʱʱһԳơ
ңǶңοҪֳǵĹءζĻƾճˣһһǰڿάŷ
˵֮ˣȴǴԺдڵģһǳɫ°׷ۣڽһ䣬Ժһ֦ӵ׺޷εݺòͣɾװ磬һҲδԳֻ˵һΡ
ǡٻغ¿ܻǰһ֮ܵеùԷˡ
ַ˱ϴתһ֧ѣһ˫һƳ۲ת䣬Щ͵ζͼͼɫһ̰˵á
»˹أƵȡУҪ˻ȥһֵ֮ĵҩҲա
⻰һ䣬ɫ俴󣬶̶̬ӱ䡣
ȻǸɫߣһǣҶ֪˿ϸƳԴԴϵؽ͸Ҷ֪ģУֵŮ˽ţסƷֵ֪Ķǿס
ΣջصҩղѣԭԶԶ٣ɲռƣ
ְաƽƵļֵмϵİײܲһ㡣
Ҷ֪һ˾ȣɱǽ¶˶Է󣬴޳Ϊң֪ģ²һʱ
һߣǵͷΪͬظ͵Ϊòİ취ˣеСع˵֮󣬶ǵͻʶ飬ȷƵǳԵһʦӳֵ֣֮ΣǲɰѰҩģӳϺεұǸɽֹôһԴ
õõãʦֵȡһʯ׸ǹҲסĲͷ
˵ֵ࣬ӴƲϣûƵ׼λʯȥĪҪΪڸһɳˡ
ƷʯǱⷬĿ࣬µԼдȣһթ˵ڣִɽȡһ˹ȥƲ޺޵ȫ˰壬ûиˡ
һ˵˷۱ʯͷǮȥˣ˭֪ԷŹֻƮƮ˾䣬Ů˳סķá
һ죬ܳԶǮܲỹһգ޿̣ȹǿ죬ǶԷٲ֣˾ɱȥˡ
ǵã㲻һ͵ȥ쾧ʯƫͷҶ֪˵Ȼûüһʹˡ


43 ʦ
մʹ֪Ҷ֪ȥֳǣ Ű·һͬǰҲãҶ֪ﲻʮҵ꣬ ڷߵļŸ㲻ʲô
桢ɡţ ⲻһܼ򵥵ת䣬 ٶ˵ ǴȻ˸ҡ
ǰֳǵ·ֻ߲һϳ淲Ҷ֪ѡǡǡһ ÿ;Ϊεħ޴䣬һһǰ滮ƿ㣬֪񼣬ҲͰ׻ôЩˡ
ް ǰҲ裬һֳǣ ʱǺҹֳĲ࣬ǳ˻ôģ׵ҪһȻԼǸΪͽ
ӣ ͽڳз֮ʱ ΪΪʦǾľĵеģԼĵֻ಻٣ʳǣ 裬 ⺢ҲԳȣܽʦ ϮߣľҲԼƤӵ°ڰڣһ뿪ߣǮȨﵹǵ濴ˣȴһͷԽŮ֮飬޷԰Ρ
ͽܽǸΪʡĵģСǱǵݣΪ˸ǳԴסнԼΪ㶼ȴΪɫһΨ˵ĵľǰЩңÿÿѣȴһȻӳΪͽߣʦֹΪ棬Թۼ˼
ȻֻҲ֪ĥԽԽƫ˳ģµģǰЩ飬Ǿúܺá
Ҫ˵ĶͽܣһΣһΣⰴ˵һʦ̳ģôƫƫ˺Ĺ˺ӣʦΪķϵУȴûľֻˣ治֪ͽ߿˺öɻѧˣ
ʦΪǵ治ٳһŮӣȴƸԼѰһĪĽںͰοר飬飬飬ǡ
С䣬ұǷ磬ץסģΪϴ¶˾ģ
գҹδأһ̤Լӵ鷿ʱľһʶĻ棬˫ֳһ˵Ķߣ˼ϵķ֮أһΪʥģǡ
δü𱸣˾Ǻһƿ˳ȥ
龰һʱƿԣѵõĳֻ˦ȥڵڶһ磬Ըͽº˼ǰ󣬻Ÿùܽһٴſ֮ʱֻδҹƾŮӣȴֽһԼͻȻֻ֣ǶȻһȥˡ
ʦ˿ףǰ¼ӭܶѣֻҪƿҪҴǶдǰ׽жȣ׼ʱҹƿңһţҽ粻ԵŮӵ䣬ɫˣ׽֮ʱֻǽҹܽܵģҵôһЩ̸Ůദ֮Σ۽üҾǵ֮ɫ
ɫһ䣬һһȼ𣬷һӾͽüɫȫûεͽһΧСĻΡ
ʦʦ𣬵֪ˣҲˡֳվͷĸϽȥ
ⲻ飬һЩԼȻСԼǰ࣬һ»Ȼ塣
Ը̾ͻֵģǶףûʦһԲľС
ʱܾǻ˼Դһ֣ʱٳΡ𱳹ٿ
ͷᱻյģüëнëܾĵˡ
Ҫ˵ΪκͷüëڣŻøлСʦҪ򼸿ʯͷա

ֳǱ˴鱨һƷ¥һģСǽߵլԺۣҲ֮УΪԶ뼯УΧ޼լǰĽֵŹ۲һգܷլԺһ޴Ľ֮УǷҲᾭ
ĸ֮á
ֲݵĻ԰޲һֹΨĻΨͤж֮ʱʱ̧ӣ
طûȤýһ򢣬ִһöӶѣ˵ʦΪβסлоˡ
˰Ƥδ̧һ뵭Įһ
ܾˣʦ˵̬𣿡ӻص˭֪ԷȴڵֻĬĬӣ֮ʱ°ڣһ˫ֽǰ˵ǡ
һϣɫӵʱһء
ѵܹʦҵ־͵ףô˼ƽҵ̬ȡδرܿеĺӣҪߣӴֱĵӣʲôԵġ
һ٣СʦΪҶ֪´ҲҶԡ
ԺһƧҶ֪Ѿڴ𳤴ˣҪ˵Ľȶһʿ˵Ҷ֪ȴǰ㲻ԼĽչ֪ԼԵκôá
ͬһ£ǰ¯ħʵδĥޱɽϵѩһղ׻ɢֻԽԽֱڼĶΪʵΣǰһ̣֪Ϊɽ
˵û𱾾Ͱ˵һṳ̂Ĵ㣬ûбҪִĳ谭еİʯ˳ףҲĻ£Ҷ֪ӦģȦԿ࣬ǳ嶯ǱҪǿ
ľƽˣ˫ۣջḲǰ֡
öˣҶ֪һѭһС죬ɵϢ֮䣬һ͸ɫĻȼգѸ峺˫ۣһĨ񵭵Ц⣬µˣ
վַһѣ˵˾Ųʮȥңš
ʦϢҶ֪⼸һֱڱչأ˭ҲûֻǵմլԺΪר˵̽ϢнʲôԻ֪ͨľǾЩ£˶ֲԼøɴ೹ס
⻰ǲ٣ǽΪҶ֪һʱܵеģˣʹҪ˴Ҳ޷ٸˣĵ׵ĺޡ
ͷǣֱ֣˵ҿ
ԭҪ͸ġҶ֪˵¾ЩգԼǾԵĳֿ˼һʹӺҪ𣬶˵ؾͰƣô⣬Ҳ㲻ֻ
˵ƢǺ׽һȷģʵãֲܲˣЩĺá

԰еʦֵ˻ҲԶۻôΪʵǽһߣĵק䣬⽪Ǻθԣ˲֪ʦֻ֪ܲ
Ҳ߰ԵöƵģ˵ⳤǶûأСʦܾռȣС㲻ɰûкúðסСʦܵʱ򡣡ã޿κβʦ徲Լֵģ˵øˡ
ס졣˫ȭǾ䶼Ը˳ֵˡ
ҶʦܣСȻ˦Ѱ˼£ֳֻŷŴһƬ԰߳Ҷ֪ߺţø첲ײײߵĽСԾԣ㲻ɡ
лҪ˵
С糡
˼ҡСʱ򡭡
Ҷ֪˭˭ںңңֱˣ
ͣҵġʦܡû¼֣Ժ·
ʲôܳŶྐྵİԵġСɻУҲ˧ģһڻģģһԴϰġ
𣺣ˣžߴһƣ徲ˣ

ߣһȲ裩С䣬СеأҾˣأ

лµx1
лӪҺСɰݿx6siax2ȶx1
м֮ԱС糡ɡRQ/


44 ֮
ƺ֮ϣ ǹǧһԲҹΡХ֮ʱ ϸһ¶飬 䣬 ǺĽ֯ һֱķ羰
Ҷ֪һɫĶǰϲɫ ȥֳ֮ʱһ£˿֯͵Ʊԣ˵ôҲһķ
ɽ⶷ȴǰ֮˸ϵģʱ治˼һ ԸԳǶ ˵׶Ҷ֪ΪõģȴǱҪġڽҹװ֮Ϲ£Ҷ֪Žҹ纮Ϊɣʱʾظ˼ϣ ȴһóʱ ȡ
ſڲ輸ϣۼһԲְڳһ׾ƾߣЩƲֵ˼ʱסˣ æְ̧סԷҪƵĶ ˵Ҳơ
˵ҹ纮뿪ֳʱ͵ģ Ӧòˣůաţǽƺŵһߡ
տɰˣߵʱ򻹿ͷϹôһءҶ֪˵ŻԼƱȻš
ģɰЦŵĶͷ˵Ȼˣͷϲеġ
ԺǱˣŹֿġҶ֪Ŀ֡
飬򲻳СﻹЩͽ֮ǰһһС份һλصĹ
Ҷ֪ﲻ֪ǰûô࣬λʦӳ뻹ԽҲǲСڣôôҲǸʿǲ֪Եαһ;֪ӣֻԼΪ̬ͬȰ˵ҿǺĻģԺú̸𣿡
ã˵һνСĸоʲôֻ˵ġ
ԭô˵ģҶֱ֪ЩվƱ˻Σֵ֮ʱҲͺˡ
ֶҪ̫ࡣ
Ҷ֪Ｘŵ̾˿ƺƣԥһ˲ˣƱһ͵һõԼǰ˵ˣܲܺ⣬˵˰׳꣬ȴûʲôľ飬齻֮Ҳֻ֪ԼΪõĶ㣬Ҳû費ҪңΪ
δȫκѱһĻͼҶ֪һͷͽǱˣǲԸ棬һ֮üͷһ壬ȴҶ֪¾ƱϢһ䡰ʵԼϲģϲġδ˵꣬һͷԵϡ
ƻǿƽƽ棬ʵƾ󣬾֮ʱһ£ô𾪣ҲȲҶ֪ﵹµ˲䣬ԭƻһ˼
ϽԷϣе֪㻹𣿡
ãһ㣬áҶ֪룬˻λƵתƿ˵Ƕ϶ҧʲ壬ϲɫϲɫϲܣϲҺѰ
ʲôѣ˶ȣҪվЩǿӲذסļá
鲻ã𲻺ãҲãҶ֪ͷʹţΪԷԼЩίˣҿɲϲǷ˼ҶˣʲôҪЩ˼֮͵ģѪȷģУϲģ㶼ϲϲʲô
ϲ㣬壬ָӼᶨ˵һΣϲ㡣
ңҶ̧֪ͷһƬΣ˫ˮɣָԼԳЦЦҡͷ˵УֵǮ㻻ġ
ĿƶǺһ֮ˡ
Ҷָ֪ԼֻһͲ˶Էѩ˵ϲ㣬Ե͸ˡ˵һԼĶͷҪѩǵԼϽסһץסҶ֪˫֣˭֪ԷûʲôһǱ˵ڼװϡ
ۣҶ֪۾ԼĺףȴԼ˽֣ǲÿζһ챻ˤ
Ҳǹģҿ𣿡Ҫһ£ÿνӽĿ֣κǱǼˣҲ˶Էǲ֪ĿܻǾֵķӦֻѵһֽ˫ְͷһǯס򢽫ൽһߣΪؼΡ
ͷƵ棬һȵҶ֪֪ʲô𣿡
֮ʣҶ֪һλãƺ󾢹ͷʶһƬã˵ĻԼҲˣֻͷԽԽľˣеۣ˵˵ʲôΧðĺܰ

ѽҵ졭Ҷ֪ڶ峿һ֮ͦʱֻôҲഺٵļǶҪˣ֪ζûеĶһͲʡ£Ƕϲɵµġ
Ҫ˵ǵùԼǵξƲմˣûþƣôѧŷԾ¾ıţҲ֪ԼƷΣϾûΪûȹ
ˣҶ̷֪۵ײԾػһ˿飬ʵûʲô°գ
Ϊƣߵǰһݵϡ
ú֣硭Ҷ֪˶١
Ų豭֣Цº͵ƺԣ
ᣬᡭҶ֪æ˰֣ҲˣοˣôҰ
뵽⣬Ҷ֪һģǰʿɲõģǰ˵Щ˵ʼСģԼװףûʲôСȻǲᷢģֻǾƣԺȲˡ
Ŷ೤
Ҷ֪ôôƷܣǻлҪѯžԷϴǼⲻԼȴûͳȥ
ɻרעĿȻǱ۵ףϵõ½ᴹµ˿͵Ҷ֪˵͵Һϲ˲Ÿϣưգ
ֻЩ𣿡Ҷ֪ǰ䶼ûˣͳȥˣ˻ţܺá
𣺡˵ϲ
Ҷ֪
𣺡ϲܡ
Ҷ֪գգۣŶ
㻹ϲβҶ֪﷽ƽ˫Щʵʲô
ЦЦ˵ϲҡ
˵Ҷ֪ſ˿вȥ˿衣
ôͲˣҲֻЦƵ˵
Ҷ֪תԼеĲ豭͵͵ģҲŲ˵ĻҲܡ
˵ǿ˵ϲһˣ˵ԼϲҲܣΪԼǽдܣǱ䣬־֮ʿд裬ҲǷŵģ㲻ʫ˵ǰ֮»һǺ˵һһֶ
ġĿϡ
ŶҶ֪شǽһܡ
㻹һŵİգ
һ㶼ûС 


45 ȳ
֪ңڵȳǸʲôĵط𣿡Ҷ֪֮ ˵ҲţҲţദ ֮ǰЩ׽ ̸Լǰ߹ĵؽ磬 Ҳģ ǺȻؽ˵ر 滷ɽһ󲿷ֵʱɹ̫ȳǷΪʿһ۱֪֪Ϊʲô
Ϊһ̫ɹˣ ͷҲףƤҲ𣿡üĿרע ˵ЦҲûиеɫ
ûЦҶ֪ﲻȥҲ֪Ŀ⡣
ú氡
Ҷ֪չԼǰȣָڱԵ±Ȼţ˵ң޼ǵǵңǧ˿ܣ ʿ ǿƵǸʶֻΣ˭ܿľżˣ ȳˣ ˭ǿ˭ǻˣֻǽӲı֪
һ̵ܽصͷ Ҷ֪ｫ۵չηƵ˵ЩŶӽʦˣԽԽװ֪ƭˡ
˵ĺ˵ģһ
ⲻһȻָݣҶ֪֪ȴҲûŻͷֽһοƽĶԻ쵽ĳֿķΧȥֻȹǵ°ͣĴָתǿ飬˵ҵǸ磬Ҽǵõ̫࣬ҲӰ̫࣬Ϊƽľˣȥȳǣ֡
ڣģЦЦɫЩתһʵ뿪ֳ֮ʱҼһʲôһֻֽףõģ
Ҷ֪ȡһֻֽ۵ֽף˵ʦ˵Ҷҵģҿˣģֻ˵Ƿ񰲺ãްͲشˡ
뵽£Ҷ֪ʱЩһͷˮһµҶ־һж˵ùȥˣڸ֪᲻£Ȼ˴ʰҲͰˣȴ˵ʲôղž͵ǺϢĪҪˣ٣ҶľֻѣǿҪ߻ħġ
ˣû
Ҷ֪ԤֽףȴۼֿùȥƣһЩֽ״ˣҶ֪Ͻץסպã˵պգҪǺ˼߻ħˡ
ΪˣЦʵ
ܵܰҶ֪Ȼ
곤
ҿ˭ǵܵܣҶ֪ﵱ̬Ա˼ң˭СѣÿÿǰȡֵʱҲֿưʵݵľˣɴ˿⻰һ̾;ղԣǱʶܺʹԥ˵㲻һʹǸ硣
˵ӭˣЩദ˵Ƣһ˾Ͳܲ˵ľͷֻⱾͲʵԴ͹ͷ𵤾Ҫˡ
κϸЩʹˣֻͬн״̬֪Ժ󻰻ǵô˵Ҷ֪˫̤ڵһ̣Ǹпһż|׹ײ󻹳ɣ˰׻ǻȵźá
˵ȳǸ˸磬̯Ҳ̯λ˿̵Ƕؼ÷ȥˣֻżȻ·С֮ʱҶ֪﷽µָ㼸䣬ޱŴӵģֽʵǱǿ֮ҡӵ˿ƵĿܡ
⣬һңİ࣬һ˵һʲôаħǰἰЩħﻹбϵĲͬġ
·һҿջ֮ʱͼҶ֪ͣ˽Ų̧ͷǿջƣҶ֪ıջã˵Էա
㲻ǡٹ𣿡Ҷ֪ﱾҲֻǿ˵δȫȻľ磬һöٹȵҲԶھͻҪԷ˵ͣϾ֮˵ʳ˽ԡ
ȴֻЦЦкС˵ʲôɫĺóԵģһݡ
㶫ġҶ֪СȰ
͹Ҫһ£¥żʡСδҶ֪ٳͱԹһǰ·
ļƣҶ֪ǰ˿֮һܲģͲסֿµЧż䰲úãСرԼҲҲѵõز룬ֻ˵ּ꣬Ӻ
Ҷ֪¸ߣҲö˵ʲôԼ˵Ҫڼּң˴ǰ䶼ûȥסĿҲֻʣˡ
һͷҲ࣬ǴǴ׬˲٣һ룬Ȼ̹ˣڳ˵ĵ̳ŶԷǮķûʲô᲻õġ
Щ飬̬ҲЩĻһ˾Ͷˣ˰ڷ֮ʱ˽ԼڸǰһڳľȴǷźһھü
ú𣿡Ҷ֪Żδȥе֮࣬ʱҨһӣζ㲻ϼѣҲйоˣɻ˵ѽ
ĲԶˡף˵⻰ʱЩζģ
ԭ˰Ҷ֪ߵüǰԼ˸ɾҲԼһڸˤˣûָ˼һԣ˵úóԡ
Ȼ⻰кƲŵζǿǳԵζһ֪Լٹȴ˶٣ֻǣڱһζ̫ˡ
кѣ˶ߣ³ԲҶ֪ӲΪԼĳжã˶˵и˵ĿζҲˮȰԣԼ͸ˣܺùÿͷԶ֪ʲôá
˵ģѾóԣɻԵ𣿡üĿʣѾʼһӿദҲ¼ӷԲ
˵Ҷ֪£ִӽʢĲɫһһÿһͬһ֣٩٩̸ԼϲģĲ֮ͬ渵ԷԽɫڴҶ֪ԽԾԾԣ˵һļϣ޲һδͽպÿһͷ˹滮
˵ͬвͬζ֪֪Ǳѩأֲȴᶳᣬˮ֮һѩ࣬ϡ֮ûƳ˵Щ㡢ˮʲôĹйЦ˵硭
Ҷ֪ȴ̷꣬ɫ붼Ҫ룬Ī˽ʦ֮ȥ˻󱻷֮ˣʲôط̿˵ģʱҶ˱˳ȥЦΪ죬ɲʲô涼ûˡ
ˣ˭ҡδ˵꣬¥´ִ򶷵죬ʶؿҶ֪ȻѱעΣȴҲֻʵϤ˻£
ǳҶ֪ﷴʵ
ˣ룬⻰ϸҪʲô£˵ң檵ӡ


46 һѩǰ
 Ҷ֪ļֹֻһΣⳡĵĻ£ʱɲ֪ң ̸Ͻ˳ ȳҲĴһβľˡ
ҿջ Щף ӲҪԼЩǲô ˿¥´޺ȵŮӣһģһĶԻʹ˽ǳˣգӵĴúص棬 ۵ʦ롣
ľҲ˵϶಻̨棬Ҳɢ޵࣬ ǮƲһ;ǶлӻοӻԼ򷭵ˣ˭˭̡
Ϸƹ²Ҳ䣬 ϵĺܶ£ ûȥƽϵʧⷬпӢ۾ľٶҲֻסһ档
ʱʲôӢۣ ڻ Զٲڵǿɰ㲻ΰҲ͸ƽ˱ľеĿ ˾ˡ
Ź֣
Ҷ֪һӶ¥ԾһڿŮ֮˵Ŀڣ׶һɫ֮£һûûбĿܡ
һʵʵȳңŵĵؽ磬һȣҲʵʵ߳򣬴֮Ȼǲù˼ǰôӮô
ֻɫмʹ߱ԵҲ˳ŻһѪĿҪҶ֪ΪѵͬţֳҶ֪㹧˵һڵĴ磬ңżǿͣοҵӵΪѣ֮ĺ
ңʲôҲ̸ҲڵĽ飿Ӷ¥仰񣬿仰ȴǰѹֻѹȵǷŻޱȵʦǾǵͷ
Ҷ֪ﵹްֻ⻰е˼ǲع˼ţôô
ѹһɢȥԷŭɶ˵Է⻰㲻٣ɺôңŵĵ̣ȻǸ棬úýѵһ˵մ˳ȥǲڵϻˡ
ӿΪ֮ŭһ˱һͬչȣһڹη˷ӵƽضȴֻǳһοܡ
Ҷ֪һǰǱ˷ܿһֻܵҵͽʿ裬²ףӷȡԵľһǰۼδɢܻδѣͱסǿƿ֮δӦҶ֪Ȼǲ֮䣬ִһһ죬Ѽϸ˿˲ڽϣһɣ¶˳
Ҷ֪﷨δͣȻſ˿ǰǼʶԣȴȴΪʱսϢ쵽˸ԤУҶ֪סδʤ׷ȡֻקԼֻɢѩ˹ȥȵס
һƬףΨѩХ֮˼ҼԿӭսԼȻҪȥģûпܣѵû
Ҷ֪ϳֵɫȻһƷ糯Ϯ֮ͣƾʶԤ֮ҲǲòһţߣſܹʵܹҲԹʵֻһ˲ǲ˶ԷһǴһ֮ϡ
ƿϮ֮˵ǸףҶ֪üͷһ̵ҵңŵĶȮ˭ԣԭ͵ɫǻǰ
СССͣôĿүҲ㺰õģֳǹ˼󲻸˵û㣬㵹͵ҼˣʦǺˣҺȥɥǱһӵղֳǣҪСĳڶ
Ҷ֪³ɺسͷԭЩ߹ǵ£Ҳ˵ǰ°˴ջҪȻʦͷˣôĵӡ
һת滯ԲιĻˮ飬һĻ֮ʱֻһˮ˲ĻŭצȴǽǰĿܣűһִǣǡ
ʯ֮䣬ĿһǾۼ֮⹥ư磬°һ¶֣Ȼ˶ѡһһ˭֪ˮڣδ֮ʱɢˮ٣ްɱ˸ӹ̷֮á
֪ãĸҲһϢĹ򣬿һϢҶ֪һס˲ʧ˿ƵĿܲ
һߴǣЦЩаȺͳĿϧԿͶ˵ټ
һ㷨ͬʿ˲ʩţ˵ǷʤΣ˿Ҷ֪Ȼһľϵס꿹ľżľȻ˲ѳԭ֮ƣɲһˮġ
ܶһʦζʲôֻʱѪ˿˫۾Ϳ֪Ҷ֪ſ֣һɪڽСﹴƺɫؽҺڼ̿Ŀ֮ϣ֮иǸ˰ѻ
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ӣҲǺġŮӸС
ȻǺģ׭ɲˣһһĺãʱҲܰ컵°Ҳ˼Ըʹܵģڿջء
ӡ
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СŮлѾһǸмɫҴңͬڳƵǰסȥ·
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ǻʲôķʽȥ뻢𣬻ûע⵽ǷµƵҲ֪ԷΪ֮ϰգȰ˵
Ҷ֪ﵱȻ֪ƵǵƵҲͷųȥˣͣڴˣɵȣǶȻġ
ھѹƶԷҲˮĿҲǲڵĵӣβţء޼̧־Ҫקס˭֪ȴǴһֱջ֣ٲð
ٽһ֣ұһ֡齣֮ʱһȦûɽ䡣
Ҷ֪Ļ˵˵ʲôϽܵǰϸϸƣ˵û°ɣǿɱ˼ҷӶˡ
׳һƵһܣ᲻һ֮°ȳǶˣǲ֪Ŀ絶ޣλ㲻˵˵Ҳ֮Щʲô


47 Դ
λɳƣ Ǻڷֿŷ绪ï޹һ̬ǫͣ ׵Ļδ˵꣬ ֻ۽һƳ ͼǶĿЯ߿ˡ
ɫݣ ˵Ҳģ˵̬Щ֮磬 ˵һûסͱ˹յĽҰˣҲٶİˣֹߵ嶯֪˼ɡ
ҶˣСģ Ҷ֪˻˵ĵԼü֣Ⱥһ磬 ˻Ƕ˳ˣĿԷҪǣ֣˵㵱޻ǣߣ ҲƼЦ
ˣ𲻹ܲ˵ؽ˹ȥ Ԥ֮еֱĿˡ
λɳڵĶλѣ޸һ˼ҲԹԵ˵ͼǵһţ ʿǳף £λ Ҳ֪γƺСΪ嵨μ֮ˣܲΣȣ˵ԼĿңһа֪λɷһԣ
Ʋ⣬ȴҶ֪һػƽǵ׻ڱӻģӵȴΪһţ
ɳοҵݣͣפ˽ŲǫЦݽϡ
ûᣬ޳ĬƬ̣Ͳסֵգ˵ʵȷʵƽϣңף˭뵽ôҲңȴҲѧЩ
Ҷ֪⻰ǳЦҡҡͷΣԻһȵùෲӡ
ҲЦҶ֪
ţҶ֪عü΢䣬̾ſЦ
ɫ˵֮ΨȢ檣̸ģ޵ӵĵֱǰŰշŮˡ
⻰ǲҶ֪ת泯Ľ͵ʿкܳǴಢָ޳ɴиΪȹνʵ´֮нģЩŵӣлȥţҲѡȢӣѵ㲻ΪʵҲһңִ𣿡
ж֪ɽлƫɽУжֻϻһ͸أʵźõĻǻģִһĹִӵʾѵģϣȻͱѡȥԵ츳ȱһɣһ򲽽һܵš
ԣ㣬Ҳѵýʱѡ㡭΢ü֪ԼĴӺͶ֮ʱԼҲֻʧӶ࣬Ҷ֪ﲻͬľħ˵ľһ˵⣬᲻ᡭ
λɳҲ֪ôԼһ仰˾ĵһȥˣΪѵ֮ķΧ治һ˲ϻġ
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Ҷ֪ĵѻпܴ׷ô޹ȥ˵𣬴˿ȴҲǱ⼸仯ǵƫͷֻΪ˲ΪԼЦհò׻ص̸ת˷һֻ͵Էģҵȹ̣ٺ˼롣
޼üĿչһתΪѯʵĿ⿴ҲѰ˼ô˵ǺµĹֻҪ˵ŮΪȳǲ¾ͳ檣Ϊģ׷˽ƣŮң֮ʱյ˷˵Ĵţȴ˵Բڴˣ֪ǱŮʹʲôа֪ǰһ̽
ұ㻯븮ߵŮҲǽգǶæϲ磬ҷŷңдɽҲǸþͿһֻ㲻˵Ķ˳ȴҲһʱ˷ټһ·׷ɱ˿ջҺȷǹѰ涼ѪϸǸţǸûģŵԿס
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Ҷ֪￴ĵҩѵõ¶ɫŽɵػͷһۣȴ޾ǻòͿɲε˵װҲΪ
ҩĪǵŮ任ãһƽòѰЩ쵤ظǼ˼롣
ʱΪⵤҩԼҴʦ˵֣ϼ꣬¿ӡƣ㣬γԵãɲҪˡ
ҡҶ֪֧֧һֻ˵Ҫͽڶ񴩴ˣȴһס֣ɢȥֱӣ˵ҡ
Ҷ֪ﱻĿעӵһʱʹ̧־ͽҩˣζͣȴϰ£һӦǵͷƣԤ֮еı仯Ȼûг֣Ψһѳײԭܳӵģ
ȿȣ㻹治ʺӡ
Ҷ֪תͷò̸϶仯ʷرˣ˵ҲͷָѩԭòԵóЩһ˫۾ӣȴƽ鶯Ȼ˺ˣϣǰ׽֮ġ
ʲô񣿡Ҷ֪Ķͷ־Լ˿̵ģĶֺЦģɾûסֵ֣һ£̫ûҰ׷ˣ
Ҷ֪ͷ촽˵ģⳤòǰ㲻ЩΥ͵Ŀɰ˳Էǰһɢͷɫ⣬ǡٹϼ꣬᲻һĴҳоǲ𡣡
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Ҷ֪ﵹˣҲƽòı仯ֻ˷סԼߣ˵ôʲôݣòСʱĹˣб޻ĺϰ߰գ
ǰβ֪Ǿһ˫һԲźá˵⻰ǰ㲻ߣһ˫ŻĮȻ۾˿ȴӯųȻЦ⡣
ǢĻ棬ڴ˵ΨһǴĿܵýģŵ΢棬ĳشۼڰ׽֯ûҫŽɫԵ£һǳߣһǰ׷̣˲òһϦ졣
Ҷֹ֪קԼĺ룬ûĿ֣˵δ룬ζקͷ϶٣֮ҲûʲôˣҲȥֻһٳͱŻֵˣֻʶԼϲ˫˫Զԣ˼Ȣӣ㲻ǿԴˣ
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48 ɽ֮
мʹûô ǱҲҪңһ̽ģҶֻ֪̾Լ֪ʲôʱʼҲѧ
ȳǵ·ϱϾǵ£ һʼеܻ乵ͨ ֻԼһԣ ܱûŵֵʲô׵ ɽտͨǲٵģ ʹô˼ҵİţҲճҪǱңĴ¶ʣֻͷƵ˼ҴŴ
Ǹչ磬ң⵹徻úܣ ǿ˶ϯƱյĺʱ Ҷ֪ڹսǴקס𣬵ȥ
һԱ紵ҡҡλεĵ˵ͷ
ǱߵǽŲߣ硭Ҷָָ֪˭֪Ǹж˵ˣ ȿδüڣ ȻһԾ˼ҵǽͷֻһ˲ԺǽϾվ˺Ŀܣ Ҷ֪ͫ Ͻк
ȴ˲Ž䵽ߣһźɫϲҡǰ Ĵ㲻ҽܣҶ֪Ҳ֪˾Ѿңνͣͼߵǰһ˵ĳϯ϶˼ϲƣһʱΣ׵ĪҪ
ڣ۵Щ࣬Ҷ֪˵ʱ۹һ˲ȴǺָܿ˿ã̧һУòƹµʵԹҲδͨ
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ЩڲƭģҶ֪üһˣû룬һ档
ҴӲƭˣἰţҲ˳˾䣬֮£˵ѵǹ˵ҵĻģǵҩˣΪǿ˵һɴˡͿʼ԰ҲҶ֪ǣһͻ㡣
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Ҷִ֪һԻĲݣСĵرܿϵ࣬ʵΪα˷ټģ
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ҡҡͷһĽڶϣ˵һû취ش㣬ؽأҲܻУҲǱ˷ּõȻ֮һж
Ҷ֪΢ףǰУ⻰ǺеԼǰҲ̣һ󲿷ֵʱҲĴɾиҲǴδ˵ģ治У˵ҲֻܿԼ߹ģתһ룬֪֮ɽ治شʲôҲø޻ء
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׷㣬㲻ˣ㣬ǵȳǣӦһӡ
Ҷ֪գգۣ汻һ˵ЩƮƮȻˣЩʱڿջԼǰǸù˰˴򣬻˳⣬û͵ȻҰοеɵһ˲Ǻõġ
·ԽǰߣԽŢĽӳֻ֣Ҷ֪һѺľǰһƬ赲ߵľ޴ҶӣӭͼһźϮײ⻤֮ʱ˲丯ʴһ顣
ݵֶΣȺٻ˽磬Ҷ֪˿ɺ󣬽ͷ߻ܵɣϽ𣬼Էһ亹䣬æֲ̧˲еֻܻңȴ㱾Ҳ޵ģˣ
޷Цºͣסҵ֣˵һʱ岻ԪӤˡ
Ҷ֪⻰˳֣һ˿ãҲ˵ǵһ֪ΪԪӤͻпǴԼü֣ѹֵ˵Լռˣ֪ҲˣôԼʲôΪˣҲѵúͿ
̤˵ӾԪӤʿάϵ磬һιԳƣ̬һƾǰЩӳͻڵСʿǰº롣
ûңһ˻װգҶ֪ʵ
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ǺãҽղڣǺǻҪģջ齣ſҶ֪һ䣬ֻǱסҶһһ𣬹սڣȴ𽫷Ҷ֪ǰʾһ飬˵󲻽˿һˣԺֶʱ򣬾


49 ж
Ҷ֪ǰһСֹڽ𵤾սˣ ˵۽磬ϻеģͱ緻䴫Ľһ߽ʿȶ дܶɽ٣ ˵δζܸϣ ֻҪлᣬ ͶһβѧϰĻᡣ
ɽյһֻԵʦԾӵ˳֮ʱǲؾ̾һѣ ĵʦɲ㾫ʣǵýԣҶ֪˭齣ɲǸûûҹһڴ¯ ֻ԰˽׵ʦΪ
齣һʯţԿɸܵҶ֪Ŀһ˲˲Լϣ ڵȼĻڵ棬˲γһǽɽӿĺǽͱ˸ɾ
ջ⽣ĶΪ˵òΪֻգ ȣ ȻҺܿģ»ǿԳʱ򡣡
ֻ룬ǰ˽׵ʦ𣿡Ҷ֪Ŀɻ
Ȼʵһ㶡
šҺǰ㺰ˣҶ֪ǻǽϨ ǰһ ȴԭزֻǳЦקקԷ䣬 ˵ȻǰգҲ˲СĶϽȥ
Ҷ֪Բ˵嶯ʵҪԼ侲ö࣬Щ˵Ҳңһһĺ֣ɷҶ֪ﲦҶӵʱѷǣȴٳδ֣޷Ǿǰϰˣȴ˻ı£ΪǰͶҲɽ
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һ̤ɽĶס˿ڱǣҪ˵⻹뷲ĸۻ֮ȽϣĻǲҶ֪ԽΪϤħϢһֲõһĸо޿ײ룬Ӷ֮С
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Ҷ֪һۣסԼ齣Ҷ֪ﻤ˼ӿ˽Ųϵ֮Уֻ濴ĵط澹Ǳж죬ɫ΢һһһ޴ķ䳲бڿտľһֻξޡ
һΣֻΪﻹϡ˵Ŀ˫ȴǲͬʱһſž޿ڣЦ͸¶̰ÿÿҪҶ֪˿ǲ֪ǺβʵͻûмıǶĺۼҶ֪ܿȥɭɭ׹ǣǿŶ˵ͻһѾħֵˡ
ȫһ𣿡̧סҶ֪ߡ
ΣӦñƵʱЩҶ֪￴һߵļΣȻһֻմȾѪ˳ԵøĲ԰ˣǹһֻȻһ̵ת˷ֻ֣Ҷ֪һȣֽ̳ǰˣ
лԥҶ֪˵־Ͷ֣ڳ֮ʱǵø˵ͼѵˣһԾҶ֪һ࣬Լǵ֮䣬ӽǹ֡
Ҷ֪Ҳൢ飬նųһŮԵη˻ȣһ׳˵Ļţ޵Ŀޣĺһʱһţȴֻӿ
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񣿡Ҷ֪תһڶڵŮӡ
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ðһ̧Ӿɿˣɾһ˲ǷŻһϢ֮˺ȻԼץѪģתϮҶ֪һͻȻҶ֪֮˾Ŀȫǣû̲һϧֲϲ˶Ϊ˭𣿹Ͳˡ
Ҷ֪ＱΪ˱ܿЩĻĹò˵һη⣬ֻһͯ˵磬СģȾǰա
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ħ˭֪ǼĬضĿ⣬ۼԷԼ˵ͷҶ֪ľϵۼһ·˱ֱҶԶںХ룬վ䣬żһεķֻҪ͸ҷһԡ
ΪԪӤֹ֮ͷάϵԲܷģɴ˿̴˵Ҷ֪Ｘ㾡Ҷʩչ£˲ϢɽоָֻƽǹҲҲŷ򣬾ھֹһ˲ӽնͷ­һνסʲôҲҶƷͷ㡣
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˿ɲ룬˵ɿҶֽ֪뻳һϾҶ֪ȻؿϣЩסĿʧ˿֮ǵû˼άһ˶ľż˫Ŀ죬ŭſǡ
ƵƵģҩϤνս͸֧˷ҩ֮ԼҩЧѹΪʱҶ֪˵𿿱δʹ죬ɱ˿ԼȾжĥŮǲԼͷл˵ġ
Ҷ֪ܽػ
ͷ̧סҶ֪ߣԼ͵ʳͷ֮ޣ


50 
ⶫ治˵ һʼʱвгĲݵͷԼʵһĿʱ򣬻Թ 棬 ˿ûб ˵
Ҷ֪ñ˲䣬 еůԶʤʹ죬ĸ ׮׮У³֮⣬ɶֹһõħ
˺ҧƽ̧ǻС ʹҪϾһҲǸЩΪ ķͽΪ޷Աѣа취ʵ顣
ħڵı־͸ˡ
Ҷ֪һŵҩϢз۾ ˵ǲǼ
ʱƬ̣ ֵʮꣿ
ǸħǸˣԳƱҶ֪￿Щϸüۣ  ˵ķ任Ů 
ҡҡͷ һĶһҶЩתĻס˵һʿȥԣǺϻڵĶȤζգЩˣ˵пѣ֪δã
ֻܿħ֮ˣǶ֮޷ɢŲʳǵĿûģʣ֮ˣμϯʿһ֮ǰͿĽʶ֮еħȡֻǲ֪ЩԸԸˡҶ֪ﲽһʮǰһָüġ
״ĵСġ
зִ硣Ҷ֪ǳЦרʶѰֱһ΢΢ĺɫӣָüĻһѪڣϸǣһĶһ˴ڣ˲仯˶ĺ棬Ҷ֪ȡһŷ׭ȼ𣬶Ǻһգֻһ̶ļХǺͳʧˡ
ⶫ»𣿡ۼް˿
šҶ֪һŲ¸ȴץס۾Ⱦһ˿ŭ˵ңʵҲǸոշЧİգ
Ҳǿ㷽պĻǽãҶ֪վԼкβԣȴǹ࣬˵ħֱ֮ͬң㣬Ȳ
ǡ֮ʺʱϣҶ֪Լ˵ϧһ㡣
λѣɷһ£ۼͶĿ⣬˻ֵ֣ҵϯ֮϶ˣΪδǰ֪Сܷ֮һ
Ҷ֪ĿЩӵζ޲Ѿȷ˵ģͼǰΪ֮˵Ǹħйأδ֪˿̸ұҲ÷˼ҳĺ⣬ϾڶĿҲҶ֪һ˴ģ˵Щҵˡ
΢΢ףԼһ֤ķ֪ˣֶ˵ɽ·ŢǰǰδӰ졣
С֪ϢҲʹļףֻýнƳȥҵҲ޷һˣۼҶ֪תҪߣæȰ˵֮ҵȽδţ䲻֪СѴӺδҲǴ˵ΨһˣȥֻǾһ»ЩӰ졣
Ҷֻ֪Ц˻˼Ѳɻ뽫ϳȾˣûЩ޹֮һεĵкܲԼһ˵ˮɫգֻߵһ˵ǰҲ֪ǰѶħߵϤúܰ
԰գҶ֪Ҳٵ˺ѣǼӿֽż鱻֮ǷЩǵĿܣÿӴһֻǶһҡͷ̾ϢأҲʼʹްϤҶ֪ǰļ꼸ÿնģɴʱѰο߰Щʲô
ֱΪħĶȻֻʹĿֲˣ֮ߡһ޵ò֮ǿн⿪󣬴ҶзųԼǸȫȻûǣֻ֪˫˵˺̼ŭֻһһȻħ˲ɽоһš
ǷŻ֮ŭţԣʶɢߣ
Ҷ֪Լ˵Ļɴδйδ֮ԣûڵֹֻ˵ǽ͵ģһһȻôת䵽ЩħòָߣΪȾħ߽Ⱦ˲ߵԴŽ˶˲Ÿɾ
Ļ棬Ҷ֪ص˼ĶʼĵطĸĸǸ˴ܹһУЩ˻ٶйЩգǣôᡭ
֪ΪΪʲôΪǰҶ֪
ΪҶ֪
Ϊ뷲˲̫಻ͬǰңȻۣδδãȰ˵ǲã
׻ӦЩһģҶ֪еȫȻõģ֮δħӰ֮ʱѡ뷲죬绹ѹҪ֣֮ˣҲֻڷˣڣֻħּһְˣɽ֮£ֻһա
Ҷ֪Ľ͵ǲ԰ãȰ˵ˣҪҴӲΪһ˵һ仰
˵Ǹħǰȴֲ˺˭
˭
⻰ʵģҶֻ֪֪Ϊ֮ķӦǲŵģҲ˵Ǹ֪ҲûԤϵķչ˵ǲ˺ͷ˭ǰһûģ⡭
Ҷ֪ĿɻؿָָԼͱ˸ҡ
㣬֣ҲǸ˴˿̾ħҪһʢ硣
ΪʲôҶ֪һʻδüڣӲ˰ֻ޵ֵǻοã
Ҷ֪ĿⷽһͻȻ֣ܲײεǰһ˲Ϣ˴ɽԾ̤齣ת۵ĹȻƶˡ
ץǰ֮˵أԴ˼ǲǺȻըҲֱƺֱ֣һʱԻ
ԱˣҶ֪ﻹǵһνӴ飬вףǱƵ˼˭ѡʯٵԼ꣬ҲܻһϣǾǿʿһƲл꣬ҲпܶΪɱ𣿡
ҲΪ˾˵֮ʱֻֽų
ڻΪǸνħ˺𣿡Ҷ֪Ȼվˣûǰһֿ
üͷ΢ţ˵дͷҲΪͻȻ㣬ҲŲΡ
۷ʲô𣬲ҪңҡҶ֪˫ǽץŶԷ֣֪ʱѾ䵽£Сľڵǿ֮³λסԷһ
ôˣٿȻࡣ
һ֮ʱҵĵģˡ


51 ط
£ ڣҶ֪ıһ˲һЩǣ Ҷ֪˵ûģ ˵Ķǲܵģ Ǵ˿ӶԷΪӣ ЩҪȰģĿýԱ ڵǻЩӰ죬»̻ġ
Ҷ֪һ¶㺵ǱĪһȰȻ˵ˣʱɿ֣˿ЩһľȻؿ
㻹ڵһỳ㣿ַסֱۡ
ûСҶ֪Ʋ ĿҲ㡣
ʲôħ˵㣬Ҳ㣬 ֻǲ֪Ǻξģ뵽ɫһ࣬ɵĿҶ֪ϵʱ ˸ɻ ֪ΪЩûӳѹ𣿡
Ҷ֪￴ƲΡɽ֪źңŵ仹Ļûвȳл޹İա˵ѹҲ㲻ϣ ħһղ ڸδĩשߣⱻΪħ׷ңţ Ƿ˵ʧԶһ۶㲻ϡ
Ҵδ˵ʲôħ̫ƽˣҲ̫٣𣬡Ҷ֪סԷԼֱϵ֣йأ¹زһ㶼𣿡
룬ٴο϶һ޹Ұ
һܳأȥʦֳֶˣ֮Ѿˣǻȥ𣿡Ҷ֪￴Ŀ̺ůЦ⣬ŴԣȴǸɻˣ˵δ֪㲻ƺô׷ȥˣ
Ҷ֪ﴹҡҡͷ˵㱾Ӧ²ȾκҹǷǡ
ԸһȥУ޶ˣ
šҶ֪̾ޱͲȫȻôһ˲˵ʹԷ˿ȥҲûʲôܽյģһԼᶨԼȹ̣ƫƫǰ˾ǿľͷ
ѾŸźˣĿᣬ̧򢣬˵Ϊҷ£ѵһΪʰ𷲳𡣡
ƽպˣ˵ؾڽϽдţȻ֮ʱڵʿڴˣ䶼ɵţ֮ͬʹ˿ӭ߹Ҳǵͷ⡣
Ҷ֪ǻָԭòȻߣϤ˴ŻһϳٺЩʱûҶģǸһ־ԶԶ֣֪
棿Ҷ֪ӿ˽ŲӭӭԷ˵ģôıһ죿
ʦҶЩһŴС˵Ǹֲǲŷֵ£¹ڣȿȣţһ̡
ҶģͲԼҶ֪жˣ˵ŻԼ⻹δˣ;һɭĿͶ˹ʶɿЩ֣úķΧͻЩ˸ս˿һ۾ʱʱƳʵ֪λҺû
ǡҶ֪Ҫ˵ͼµ˫Įɨˣ߿֮ʱֻһ䣬֪
Ҷ֪ѹҶ˵ǶҺҪˡ
ҪˣҶĳҶ֪Ŀ׷˼ұӰʱһժϵߣɫްߵЩįڲҪ𣿡
㻹Ҷ֪û⵽ת˲ŵįֻЦûߣִ¶Էļ磬˵˵ѵĻλȹء
Ҷ̧֮ʱһ˫ÿ۾һĺӡ
·ϣҶ֪˽εΪңŵ漰Ҳ٣бӦΣѵҲֻǶˣҲ˵û˴ħﷺ£亦Դ֪ĲȻǲǰһӲ
Ϊ̩һͬŲ鹵ͨܺùһ֮ԣοƽϱҲڵһֻ֧Ǵ˴ж漰ڶ࣬Ҷ֪ﵹû뵽ҶĻɱָɵƽ
㲻λҪ֮𣿡ҶĽҶ֪쵽ŵϢ֮к衣
˵ҪȥڵˣӵһͺáҶ֪ӹ裬ⲻĿջҶĵıߣӾǼ˽˲Сһء
ҶĴҲΪ֮ʣ񷽲ڴϵ磬˿ǶţЩʦֵϣ˵⻰˵ģӱͬҪȥѵǵӱ𣿡
ûôࡣҶ֪ﲢҪֿжȥʲôԷʶõʲôԡ
᲻ȥڵĳˣҶһЦ˵֪ﻹ˵˼ҪȴС¶֪˵˵ôʶģǺݣ
ҪҶ֪²豭Ĵָűأ汻˵˳˼˵Ҳûʲô鶼Ҫ˴һĹϵգ󲿷ֵʱദҲ㲻Ҳĵұʵ棬ѵ͹
Լֲǽˣα¹أΪҶԼϻЩĪĲ̹
֪Ҷǰ˻֣˵ҲûôҪҲͺҲࣿ
һҶ֪ع֮ǰЩȫȻ֪ҶȫһģٳΪҶĶԼʵйڵ飬ûиҵģΪôҪģѵ㻹˽ҴӲЩġ
ҲǣҿķƣҲзĵӰգΪȻڽ֮ϣʦ𣿡ҶЦݵưʦֵļӣһ֧ϳ򢣬һֲŪһ²豭ĲҶ
ǣҴеǼλʦ֣ǵԺ˵Ҷ֪￴Էӽˮ֣һС֣˭֪ǲ豭ȴǺȻѣɽƬЩδҶ֪˫̧ۣԼ˵ģôˣ
ҶһŭȾҶ֪ͫһ𣬵ϸԷĿֲǶԼתֻһƷ巨۵Ůһһؿˡ
û˵ĻȳȥգţҶ֪Ϊº͵ȰŮ뿪عͷҶһ˫ŭδ۾ʵƽﶼô˵𣿡
Դ̫ˣҶ˸ӸԼ˱裬豭͵֮ʱȻɫ㵵Ҷֽ֪Ŀʪ˵ϣʱ²豭Ŀеȥӣʵ㿴𣿻أ
죬ҲҪ𣿡Ҷ֪֣Ρ
ǲˮж̣ԼһʼͶ˲豭ȻһȻҲҶĵĶȰ裬ɵʱרע뻹Ϊ̵ĲˮҶǽ绤ǶȻоģ޶ֵ˼˵޵Ƣô𣿻˵ʲôҲ֪ģ


52 Ϊ
飿Ҷὣ ߵҶ֪ļ򣬡ҲԺ㡣
⻰˵ĵҶ֪ȡһƿĵĵҩԷԼϵ ˵һʣ Ҳ͵ˣ ĵҩ٣ Ҫһš
ֻһ𣿡ҶսƿЦ
߰գ Ҷ֪˿һԴȫľ뿴ҶģΪԷʲôԣ෴ģԼЩʱЩȱˣ Ȼһ˳ûЩЦգ ֮ĲޣҴˣģ ˻ºЩã ɲֻѧ˽޴ܵƢƽЩ߸ϣڵҲǺƵġ
ܲ˽ˣ ȻѾˣ һͬȥڵˣͿԳȥƽˡҶı ҩս½
˵Ҷ֪ǰҲЩԨԴľǰδӴʵ˵ССһƽɢһҲδлдŵʿ첻ϤҲһ亮ѵ¡
οֻһΪôҲǣڣҶֱıڵСȻʮ㡣
˴ΪԵʣһλϣͬھֱĵӡϵȻ˭ŵģҲһڵĳǰƽˣҶ֪ʹҶԼλˣɾλӵͽֻ˵ǰԸǲ̫˼ҳɫȻһֻֽ˵ġ
Ҷ֪ҲϾŵӣžûгУҲĪҪʧӣֻֽ׷оһְԼʦִĻ˵Ҷ˭֪СӻһаЦţֻ˵ֽ׾ǵղغõģҶ֪ﶪˣ˰棬Ҷľ̸չʾһ߻ħ
ƢЩʱ鱭ӵˣǧ仯Ҷ֪ҶĻǸҶģǸЩСԵˣͱ˿̣ɫҲֻֽҪȥҶ֪Ȼǲϵģ֮Ļܸġ
һƿĵˣС⵹СˣҶĲ֪ǺʹȻһѿģ㻹ǵҵ˱ݣУֻɵ𣿡
Ҷ֪ܿԷ֣ջأִץѩҶģ˵Լҵģ˺𣿡
ôʣˣһ㰤ȡľأҶ֪ûİҶЦӯӯȥקⷬڸԶĵֻҪҶȥ˼ҵ֡
Ҷ֪Է֮ǰ˵˽ﶼ˺תֻΪΪԼƵĵԵʣЩɾ͸УڼѰһҩķӣСӻиԼһİܵܣȴΪⱲԵʣû˾رһ硣
ҪǰԼԼʳǣҩˣҶһûûСҲûôˣֻҪ̫֣Լеġ
һ˺ƺƵص¼ңҪҶ£һ·ϵ˼һɣŵ˼Щ
¼ҹµһʼЩƣӭʱǶЦڵĵϵģҶ֪˵֮˶ٻԲʵģֻһ̵ۣתķ򣬶Ҷ֪˿׵һ·糾ͣˡ
֮У˼Ƿŵȵģ͵һɳҶĴ˻ư񣬵ͽݣⲻڷ֧ͣ÷Ϊϱ
ɳ롣ǹµҲǸģһ񣬺һó˵ԺУһ·һڽֻͣѰ׵һ˼žͱ˾ңǵطĽƣ˼˿ԳģҳȻǰѶˣѼһǷɽǶȫϡ
ǳϵ˼ǽ趯֣㰲ȥϢ𣿡һźµʵ
ˣλѿĪ˵ʲô֣ûšµЦ˵
Ҷȴһˮ˹ȥΪ־Ѽҵ˼ô뵽ʲôˣų
Ҷ֪ﳶ˳ҶĵӣԼЩɲĴˣ˭֪Ҷ˵ãվӣؿ۾ӻͦ˵֪㳶ʲôز죬˰㣬һ˯
㣡Ҷ֪ջ֣Ҳüƽʲôˣ˻˲ͬĵͶ˲̥ͬһ޶ǲ֪Ĩǣֻý˵
¼լԺôܲһһ䷿ŲգҶ⻰˵Щ̵ζµĴľôӵĵأôҲôһһġ
˵Ҷ֪ҶıָЩӾҲһӣҲûгͷǵΪ˽ųıҪ
Ǽ˼Ҳϰˣ˭ûˣȻӦλʦסһ䡣Ʒ徲ֱĵ˵˵껹Щؿˡ
ǽձǳ˵Ůȴվ˳˵ʦƽСһ˵ҲΪ˱ҵӸϣʵƾܡ
Ҷ֪һһģھסޣ֪ģΪϡ䱦η䣬ǫãǾǷˡ
ǹµҲ鼸仯һΪû׼㹻ķǸһҪһЩƷи߽࣬һҶ֪ҶĵĽƣ
Ҷ֪Ц֪Щ˴￴ˣѵҶİԼˣ˼ҶˣֻԼڹȻҶȴЩֻһץסҶ֪󣬳ǼȥǰýŲȿ˽ȥ
Ҷ֪ҶĹž̲˽磬Ц˳˵ƷƽҲôֵģ
ۡҶķ½һԷ
ľֵô˵ˣҶ֪Щһһʦ棬ͷ·˲ڸǰһ㴵ģûסЦһЩû룬Ǹô㣬ֻǽûڣܰеޣΨˡ
˵⣬òԼλʦ֣˿Ŀɲڴ˻ͷһΣһָָֿЦʦֽҲǼģҺ˵
ҶȻӽץסָָֻص֣Ҫ˵Ȼһ˵ʲô
ţҶ֪￴ŶԷƱһ飬ҲһеǷڿջˮ̵ûע𣿡
ǣϵֻҶ̧ץ˭֪ѩٿȻҶ֪ļһھҧ֣ȻǱһǼۣһƴ˦һҪȥץֻɫһֻѩˣ
𼱣ѩӦòǹģҸԹˣ˦ˣ˵ġҶ֪ǰȥҶȴħһˣۼѩǾҪҵǽȥˣҶ֪Ͻ˹ȥ˭֪ԷȴԤһ㣬ܿһƻϡ


53 Ŀ
ȿȿȡҶ֪ﰴס磬 ǺȲֹһ˿ûзû뵽³һѪ ҶķӦһֽ£ ںڵѪ˺ۼ Ҷ֪ӿԷ֣ ǽվֱӣ˵ˣ Ҳôݰɡ
Ҷȴһ̹ȻȾѪ͵ǰ˵ȾħôأҲΪá
ҶģүģҶ֪һƿûûεļһ
֪ˡҶһί Ѫ˳Ŵµֵڵ棬߲ī
Ҷ֪ﲻ֪ҶĴ￴ԼȾħˣ ̫֮ãЩ˶ħһ˶ҲǴһԼһҲֺôġ
 Ҳû˵ѩǻûҧ˼ң ֱӾ˻˭֪˻᲻ΪѩҲħһôһƣСֻҪһغ
ǲǵһô˵ģҶʵ
㻹ЦҶ֪ǱҪйһŭ ڼԷ⸱޹Цպ ûľ͸ϨˣĿ˳Ҷĵֿȥ ֻһ۵ĺѪҺҶָ׹δ׹˫ĿԲϽ֣
֣Ҷһ⣬Լ֣һ֪ô𣿡δ˵꣬Ҷ֪Ȼץָ֣һСĵرܿ˵Էħ˸ɾ
ֻĵôôСģǰԼȲĶ绤˿̴Щǰ㲻֪ԱˣοַŻ֪ιʱԼֻˣ˱ħȾǺá
Ҷ̧֪ǸûûκЦݻ˵Сӣ治֪˵ʲôˣֻЩյ֣ߵһմˮߵѪøɾתűһײŽ˵ллħ֣ҪȥһˣģúϢա
ȥҶ̧ץסҶֱ֪ۣ־ԼȾѪֵʱȴӶץסˣ㻹𣿡
ΪʲôҶ֪ﳷȥ磬ٳʱﲻ֪ʲô£һزɲţͷֵעⰲȫ㲻صҡ
ɵÿ죬Ҷ֪ȻҲ׷ü˽ڡѡҲٲˣϵѪҲ·ԽԽƧڴլʲôֳĽơ
õĹǸ̤һƬһ֣׷꣬ɴףȴǺѲӰ쵽ߣҶֻ̧֪˻ӣҲգ۵ĹͲټֻðԭ·ǰţ˹֣ȴǰ˼ûС
ֱǰȥ·ΨһƬһҲδ㲨ĺ쳣ƽҶ֪ӽϡܿһֻƳˮУһһײź棬ʹĶˮҲҶ֪Ȼˮ֡
Ȼһֻѩ׵ֱ۴ˮ̽Ҷֻ֪˳ָɽ䣬û˿ԥöԷסԼ֣ˮ֮ʱܵر۾ס˺Ԥеıͳȴδ֣ΨжȻŨãȻ۾
βЩһתȻرʮָۡ
Ҷ֪ﻹ۲ˮأͱǣִеע۾˵۾Ҫʲô
ҡĿЦȻֻҶ֪½ϣǵʱüͷ
Ҷ֪ۼԷȻ˹ֱضԼ죬һ˲ǧ˼ը˿հףֻ૵ܶھͱ֡
ţ⻰϶ԥһ˲ĴָùĴǽһɫѪĨȥһ̧ȴҶ֪ۣǾĽë΢΢ŲȻĵһƬһʱеͷȥ
ĽӴ˲䣬ɸܵ۾ȴеҶ֪ͻȻư׼Ҳûһһֻܾʱգۻҵģǿһָһȫ֪÷ںδǶ϶ȫûص㣬㣬ң˵Ķڣûң˭㶯ˡ
۾ѽҲѵõЩ޴롣
ûСҶ֪
֪⻰˵ĵģȫˣȻԼͲҪߵͣһְĿڣǸεҵĴԺע⣬´һ
ԣҪӶֲڣȿȣ˻Ҷ֪Ȼס磬һ󼱴ٵĿԣֻǺЩѪûһںѪǰͱ˶Ȼ𣬰㿹ܵĻᶼûͽһŽԷ׭ϡ
֪Ҫ˵ʲôط˵࣬ûа˵Ц˼
Ҷ֪ﲻ˵ֻ۾Ͱ͵ŶԷţҲ˵̬Σ޴Ŷ߬ŵֶʾеĽţظܵǰǸϰֵˣھҲΪˡ
Ҷֻ֪ܿµߣɶԷһԺ䣬ֿһӣֱ˷ϣŻعæ֮˷ָָԼ죬Ƿ׭һʧʹȴĿһΣֿ
˵ȿˣһȻ̬ȥҶ֪´ĶȻᣬۼҶ֪ŵƿҲһݵֻʦ𣬱̫࣬Ϊá
ȿȣ㵱˭УҶ֪һƿԷüͷһšֵɱסҵжҲҪˡ
ǡ̾˿
Ҷ֪ｫԼ½˽ĿڣźЩˣ˵˵ˣ޴󰭣ǲʣҲҪ˵ġ
Ҷ֪ｫշظ𽻴һ飬Ϊ¹ħûпȥڸҶĶֵʵֻἰһƵʱ򣬷ǿҶҲΪ˰Լ˺ȻȴԴǵȰ˵أα˰Ҳ֪ҪĲˣһƻڵĲλǷмѭ㱾޶˿̿ɻЦƴǣ
ûʵһǺʱֽ֪֮ģȻ˵㣬ЧͺѽжħƵ˺δģճȡ˵ģΪѾܹ˿ˣħѼľʶлСҶ֪ɻʵ̫࣬ᵽһƷ¥ôˣǽڴˣֻ˵ûꡣ
Ҷ֣Լ⿪ûû˵⡣
Ҷ֪ջԼҪϲ˼¿Ʋˣʵ˵ĶǲΪжħִӺζҲٸüǷϸ룬ҲԼ̬⣬̫Ťˡ
ۣԼ½⿪½£ԼҲΪ뿴һ˴ƼһƬֻ࣬κοȫò̧ͷ˫Ⱦŭ۾ʵһӡ𣿡


54 鲻Խ
Ҷ֪ﱾҲû뵽Ҷֻôأ ֻΪ¿ѪҲͰˣ治ΪԼ󵽰һƾ¸ӡ˻ռˣ ֻ߶ҶС⼸ֽٰ
Ҳ֪𽫻ĵĵҩҶ֪˴ һס飬 ˵Ű˷ŭ
㣬 Ҷ֪Ĺĵغ˿ֻӴˣ ȴǿ棬˵ôӹԽǲˣ ǹƽ̫١
ɻǵԼǸʦɫȻôÿԷǸС ٸһˡ
Ҷ֪Ŵһ˫鶯ίĴ۾ؿ˿̸һ澵ӣǲϾ֮Լ ߣ ȴ̽תһߣ΢ִɱңһ һȥͽһơ
ˡҶ֪ǳЦ˵
㣬 㰡 ̾׵齱߽½ã˳¸ϵ´רע£ȴһûϵãֲǵ̫ˣ
Ҷ֪ʿ˵൱ƽˣŮô˵˵ǺΪôҲ˵ˣǸûĴʣÿÿԼ϶£ͷŻ´Щƣǰҵ·ᴩĵСҲ֪˭ᶼϵá
ԣ֡û̧ͷ
˵ˣ㲻뿴ʲôӵģҡҶ֪ⷬݻ˵ˣôҲǸķ֮ˣɲ˭ĹԱҪ˵Ҳ˵˼ҹԲǣ⻰Ҳ͵ˣӦͻȻĽӽ֮ǰһ޶ҲҶ֪ﻻ˸ĵطֻľͬطҲ̫ˡ
һֵԺ󣬵ϥϣӽʱǰûǰ쾽ȵģסҶ֪öԷԼһ˫߹Ե۾İԣ˫۾˴˿һҶ֪δܹģЩͳ˵˵ָҿһ£뿴
ҡҶֹ֪顣
ܶ־ͱ𶯿ڣ֪²һٱأָġҶ֪üۣ䵽̵գˡ
Ҷ֪ץסֻҵ֣һߣϹ򶨣ȴΪ˷ִĺЩԼŵζǱ⻹ڱ˼أ㣬ûлҪ˵ˮ£ޣ˵ʲôɣ𣿡
ЦһԼڶԷԺֳ˳һƷ˿˵մȾħ֣ܲѣԭҶˡ
ʲôҶ֪˵һ룬Ĺе
֪ħкЧãħοģɻҵģһҪ˵𣿡˷ָ£Ҷ֪ﻹһ⣬δ뵽ȥֻ̾һ˵֡
Ҷ֪˫Ȼϵʱ˺죬һƿ𱳹ȥŵشɽȡһֳ䣬Ӳҳ˸ȫ˵ȥġ
ʲôʱдô࣬ҲһЦţȴǽЩϧ
ûУҶ֪ﲻ˿Լ˿ѿģȻ˾ʼٸߣԼתļ򣬵﾿ʲôط
ƽǣլԺ赭д
Ҷ֪عǸÿλָһ˲ˣϰµôЩ̹ÿÿԼӴһֿ|||Ե״̬Щ˫۾ȥ˻ǣⲢǺϻֹĻԴҶ֪Ȼ֪УƫƫüȥҲҶ֪ﲻ֪Լоʲôζȷǣĸо̫á
ŶҶ֪ٶ̬ȣοԼʵġ
ôˣߣǣ֣Ŀ˵Ҳ˵Щ
Ҷ֪ûзԣάɫ˵һ·Ҳû̫ע⣬һһݡһשһ߽֮ǰլһģһˣڣɻǵлûΪŮò
ȻҶ֪ϸһֵⷬ˵ϲֻóΣլҲһ޴ĻӰ
ͷǼϼ֪֮渵
ԭΪͼ棬Ϊ׷õڣǵһν˵֮ʱҲ֪⻹⣬ͱһֱΨΨŵŵ׷ˡЩû̫ʵУοǸ飬ľˣ׷βֵܶɽɽΣȷ˾Ŀܵǿ֮̾͸ĸһ⡣
ʱգǰǰˣ¼ʱյţĸǵЩģ˵һ岢ͨ׷Ϊǿһֻ޲֮ңľӵǣһʵУһķʹ˲ʿս
׿Խ֮ˣѡǰڲѡЩҳȴΪУٲûҪһЩǿ׳ҲǱ̭ǴѡΪɢ֮ˣнΪģ˶ƯʿпܱΪ棬ĻԵǿ󣬱ϾЩҷЩ˽ģ֪֮Դǵλӵ֮ҲٳҲûܡ
ܹ跲ǸЩһһűǲңһҶ󣬸ܽƾ⻰õİ취ǱռΪУۼΪʵ
ЩȥˣҲûлȥҶ֪뵽ɽ￴龰Ǹ壬᲻ǡ
޽ǸûεĶ׷ˣûа֮ã˵ǰȻʧġ
˵Ц⴫˵еħǻŪģÿһҶΪ֪ɳȥ˳ɹǱ֮ʱΪ⣬ÿÿʧϵֲֻΪǱңŷֺˣ˼ûֵǸǰָҶ˵ЩʲôֻԽȴ鱨޵С
ңǱõһ˵ǾãʵҲһǰˣǰңţȻȹĵ׷ˣң˽Ե׷¾ȥɽǱıչˣֻǳ֮գֱͻԪӤõ£޴ƽ׷˻Ȼˡ
ⷬ˼Ҳԭûðǰɽֳȥ׷˷еһŮð氲ݵסãڴڼ䣬һ£ңڶһֳŮ˺ɫÿ¡
񣬿ħֿ볣죬ı仯ѽҶ֪
ҡҡͷЩʵǺɣ
ϻڰҶ֪ɲǼʶһȵĻ
ӴԺΪʲô飬Ҫҽ𣿡ĿºֻͣԷ̡
Ҷˣ˵ˡҶ֪ȻᣬڶԷ֮ǰϵ


55 ȷ
ֶοɲֻʧ˻꣬ ޼̽ӣûңųôıȥ̽ģԿħ صȴֻһ˵ǡ
٣ Ҳû׵Ŀڲţ Ҷ֪ǰŮĵ չҲûȥʲô棬˵ڶ̶֮һأ Ըħ˲ȥǴСˣἰħ
У˿ܻ˵ħǲ˺㣬üͷһ ˵ԣ ڻһỳ𣿡
Ըͷ˵ɱǣǸʲôƳˣҶ֪Щɻ󣬵üĿչº͡
ʳֱָ ˵Ϊֺö˵оеģ ôЩҲͶ鼮Ѱһֻо飬ҲͲ仰Ͱ״ˡ
Ҷ֪Ŵԣһ˲ ˵ⶫǼϡ ־͸ô֪ûõ˳ˣȻʹĻ ޲óҲ˸ǡ״־˵ùȥǱ
ǡҶ֪һȻµĲ֮ʲôѶ֮Բţ
˵ͶϴͨһϷأöȡ£Ҷ֪ŶԷоǿɲǣӵ˵Ҳ뻳㣬Ҳỳ㣬ָսǣ㣬Ⱦħ˵˱ʣǰٿĪ硣
䱾ûʲôɺϣҶ֪̫뵱ȻΪǰ죬ǣĸͱǰ˹켣ħ˺Ϊʲôƫƫ
һ֣˺Ҫ͸ԱҪ˻ɣ䲻˺ģħѵΪΪڶĸԸ
ЩţΪ˽ңҵȥ򣬡Ҷ֪˫ۣŬԼв̤ˣҪ˵˼ʹϵټ򵥲ˣѵҲǡ
㵱ûлɵˣߵˡ
߲𣿡Ҷ֪ʶػش
סļͷһ˫۾ǲɵ
ɵ㻹ţҶ֪Īͺ˻ȥۼԷʱû棬е㲻˼е㣬ֻĬĬؿļϣ˵ԣ˵
һν˼ҹԣĸоѹһ쵽ֹϣԺԼҪǰ˵ҪԴһ
ʲô
ƻѽ׼ôҶ֪ĻȻ˿һ˲ûüͻĽӴӦֻĿ𾪵ؿԷ˫Ҳһ˲˲ôȣ˱һŻâɣȴֻΪͫеӳŵ˶ȼա
ƣܿƵţůĴԴȴ˫ɥʧ˱ܵĿܣֻһһ˹ԵأֱһỽǣҶ֪һƿǸĥԼǵˣŻδƽϢ֪ȾħǲǷˣ
ĴָùԼĴЦᣬ㲻ǲϲֻӰ쵽ң
ûϲҶ֪ҧأϲϲ
Ҫҹԣ֪ͻȥǣԷֱŤһܿ֡
Ҷ֪ŭɻȥֻݹٷŻյƣ˼дʣдȣѲɻ˵ˣ
ַܰߵģܲܽˣҶ֪Ǻδɽ𵤣ֻһۣʱҪԱ
ˣҴˣڵǸʵںţҶ֪﷢˶ٲСƢ˿˵ǸƻЩֺ˵Ժ˵֣Ҳô
ͷǺãͼһʱĴۿɲ˸˱ʵͻƣһյĹˣȻֻܿҶ֪ıӰ˵Ҳһ嶯֮ˣͱڣʹã˵ǰƲһ鶯̬֮
һ̹Ȼɫϸϸ֮Щ֮ò˵ҽǿѹһСħɵħʶĹЧԶʤѩǣǼҪǣ㣬ǲǻᶯ֣͵˳Ϸ
Ҳᵣ㡣δҶ֪ﱧϥϣգۼ˫۳ǿպãȴǸԻɢˣò٣һμʱϸķԼ˷˼˸жϲԼǣ嶯֮ǷΪ뿪顣
մȾһħд󰭣ЩˣҲܽϵҡԸ˵ˣ߽Щ
֪ʲô𣿡Ҷ֪ת֮ˣΪǿĹЧɫЩĮһ˫Ŀ֮ʱȴ˲ӯĹ󣬡ҼʹķȻҵģһأȴܶΪӵԵʣԣ㣬ܽ˲նϣΪİա
һʼеľҶ֪ɲڻ˵ģȻȷʹӳ֣Ҳ˿̵ĵȻ
İĽһˣǲǸΪԷд㣬һҪ޳̫ģǵʱٷֻ̫ˡ
ʵҲͦҵģҶ֪˸Ŀ⣬ݸһЦ˳˳ԷͷֻЩӦΪϰˣҼȻ㣬˵ҵĵͬڣ˵㣬ͷͦ˳ģƢôô󡣡
ú˵ʲôͷԼѩĥצ𣿡Ҷ֪ûĿ֣Щж˲ɢ˸ɾ
ץҿͷЩϡ˰ָ⹴𼸸ķ˿ʾҶ֪ɫΪͷĽǡ
Ҷ֪Ȼ۾ָԼķ⣬⣬ץͺ𣿡
ҿͷһ˫ڲŪҶ֪ֽ䣬һǣǰǷ֮ʱԣһֿһͣϲ㣬ϲ㣬ϲӰģҵĵģָΥҵ
ں˵Ҫһǰǿӻգɱ˵ģһһ޹ҸˡҶ֪ûԼҲ˵ʱջЦ˼ҿҶģЩҲûȡЦǰΰЩͷԭϲĸоġ
ҪעˣҲ뿪һܱܿľ룬ҲҪٻҵĸˣĻҶ˵һ汻췣˿Ϊ㣬Ҳ㲻ñˡ
Ҷ֪治˵ˣ
𣺡˵ġ


56 а
 Ҷ֪һҹ˸Լķ䣬̬ ʧˣ һ˫߸߾ֻδջأ Ŀˣ Ҳһҹûת
ˣͦɰġ˻һ Ҷ̷֪𣬳űӰһѣҲðŴ߰ʶǱģ
ҹ˯ʱûԣʰţ ȻҶ֪ĳһ齣ʱЦЦ ˵֪㷽ҵһ£ǱʦƼ ֻܾ°͡
ƼƼ һˣӻôС𣿡Ҷ֪ﻯһˮԼݣܾϻе飬 Ҫȷϵģ һüҲЩɸǡ
Ҵǰ̫ˣָڴᴥ ɢˮҲһᣬʲôоˣõ
Ҷ֪ɲ⻰ֻ˾䣺ԺǺõ£´μ棬Ҿ͵ǵ㼸£Ҳ׳׳
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͵ռĺߣٷֱʱ㽫ɽ䣬֮ͬʱȡ۱䵽δѰֻһ󷨡
ΪϸʯͷһҶ֪üͷδԣȻڵĵطͲֻˣԴȴΪκܻطأ
Ҿͺãȥաָ㣬Ҷ֪̾ͱһ޴ݣһƣͽҶ֪ˮͻ
ˮһƾճںϣ̤ߵߣһϣȴǼǰϹϾ˸񣬵ӳ񡣡
ڲ޽飬㵹˶񡣡⻤壬˵Ǿǧ֮⡣
಻һ£ųȲ֮£ҵüһܣۺ룬棬ֻǣ˿ذͽֺۣ
һ㻳ɱˣҲˣǲϣǹж£˭ҪۼΪʵء
¼Ǻˡߵ
ڵ֧ϵң̲ܽϣ뱾θɣ԰գת룬ֻߵͽһħ֮䣬һĻ̸ֺ̣ࣿ
Ҫ̣ޣο֮˭ûմȾЩħСͽ뱾һҹ飬Щħ𣿡
¼լԺ
Ҷ֪Ҷĵ˻ϣҶĳլµĴ˻ֻ˵ڵĳϷԸѼңɽϵһһľ£ħټɵж
Ҷ֪ǣҶԼֻŤ˼䣬ҹδ飬ȴҲֻ˽С˵ģȺɢҶԹûˣ˵ĸ໹ǹǷȥǸҪ֮ˣԷûзˣкηӦ
֪л˵ҶվһУ׷ϣЩįһ죬˶վҵĶ棬ѡ𣿡
Ϊʲôô˵Ҷ֪ﱾǳԼõĺǰеģ˿̿ҶԱ˵۾ȴԥͣˡ
˵֪ģձħʴҲһޱ㣬һȾħ˺ңôҶԳһЦЩִٵزŪͷ
Ҷ֪ȥЩڵ£Ҷĵôһ죬˵ѧã뵽ͬķȣ˻Ӱ쵽Ҷı˻ɣΪУ˾Ȱ˲صʹ֮һԾεġ
ºЦ⣬Ȱ˵˼ˣ鲻ᷢôһգٽɽдεɽҾͰصȥ
ģҶһŵģ
Ĳˣ˭߻ܵɽҶ֪ǰŹôطΪƫԶڻĮʹһģСҲδ˷֣εĺõطǹ޸ˣΪȾҵѪڵģ
ЩͽʿܲôħҶ΢˸ָָǰ˵ǰǸ·ʹȥҿɡ
ߣҶ֪ܿҵǿõʯͷһ˵ߵ£Ҫȡǿ飬ͼɫһд˷ϮֻĵҶ֪֪ɱͣʵЩвû˵ֺ
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Ҷ֪ۼҶľ֣ɱ֮⣬ĿĿϻձԼ˵˰̣˰ѪȾ˺ɫѪһķ俪Ȼǰ̤һǰһоɢȥһ㣬̽һֻ֣һȻóһͨĿ϶ɾָⴥɲǣһʹ˲磬ҶȥħֵĵطҲħΪۼĵط
ɫԭܼħġ
仯Ҳһ˲Ҷ֪ﲻԥģһסҶĵ֣ôԷһֻ˫ԭյ۾֪Ƿ֮ʣ˫۾Ʊȴǰİϣ¶һۣĪĺ⡣
ҶĴ΢ϵǱҶ֪࣬һߺˣһ߽ȻʧҶ֪ɱдʣҶ֪ܹжϳǣ֣߰ա
ȥҶ֪˫ͫлعֻҶĺγһ޴У𽥿ޣʬһûаѪɫ˫Ŀ첽ӽҶ֪Ҷ񣬿ɶԷＸ˳ȴӾС
˰Ҫȴǰʹϣֻһʬ˲ȴӶĪؿҶģԷȴǰ㲻΢Цο
Ҷ֪תͷޣͼһּΪϵ̬ձҶŮ޹ݣϥǰ˫ָڶԷ㱳ϵģ䱰΢
ĿʱǶ˾£ĿĹҶ֪ϽܿĿ˲ɨӰҶ֪ſǰȥͱҶһקǰһתס˫˽ˮ
ˮ̹ǣձˮеĸоҶ֪粢δֻ֣ˮԽصķ½״ȥһֻǣҶģǿѵۣŬ۾ˮ֮ʱһƬѪ˴Ŀġ
ѪĺˮУһĨɫײ۾ӵסĺ󱳣Ѹٽ˺ˮ
Ҷ֪Ĩϵʪż˵ؼԷ壬Ⱦһ죬Ҫϸÿȷϣۼްӵ˶ԷĲ˵վʲôˡ


57 ɰ
˺ˣ û£Ҷ֪ıӵʰ䵽ߵӣ ̾ ô𣿡
Ҷ֪ﱻһﾪѣ æҪȥҶģ ȴǱס˼򣬽ǿǰ ˵ıˣѾˡ
ˣҶ֪ͷʹţȻǰһƬѪĿѯʵ˼
⣬ͷ ˵ˡ
𣿡һзĶ̫ͻȻˣҶ֪ûü˭ⳡֻ ؼǵҶĶԼ˵ҪԼĵطǷʲô
ָһƬĵϱɢѪ ͵ֻŮħһ ǵڣΪѱڴߴˣ֪㣬լһӰ ޵֤ʶ㲻 Ƿǹʲһ֮ԣ㷽󷨣 һΪѪħ֮ԭĴЩĶǸϱϵڼħıܡ
˵޵ıǱܣҶ֪糯ʥһ龰Щ˹
۵ģħļأ˵ǰʿڲؾдģͽ׵ħ߽׵ħûнȫ㣬ΪȻ壬ܶ鲻Уͺѳ⣬Ҷ֪ĿЩԲСû˽𣿡
Ȼҹ˵ĺúõģкμƻҪΪϵκα仯Ӱ첼֣Ҷ֪￴ӣأС࣬˵û˽ġ
Ҫ֤ݣȻԼȾħӣ֪˭ħԵȴΪƫƫµͷǸŮޣҶ˻ҲѹϵħȻ治롣
ȾħȷʵŮˮΪҪɱ㻳ɵˣҶ֪
̾˿ٳ齣뿪Ƿ֮أƺ֮ϣ϶Щ֮ɫ˵һɹ˭ǰ̹ˣ죬ָƣ漰ħ֮£׮׮в룬㿴Ĳ
˽в̫һң֮£ʱԶڲڡҶ֪ﱳ𣬲ûпԷ˿Ĳɫ
ǷֽأסҶָ֪֣ϵĽָȡ£ٻһúñ档
δ̫ˡҶ֪ۼöָߣǲѴ֮ôҲԼʦͣ㲻־ҲԼʦ˿ʹõģѵô
Ļﲻ˿˸飬˵ɱ󲻻˺ ǸųƲ˺γֽ֣׿߱̽ϢãҲǸλ֮ˡ
˵ˡҶ֪еԼµʱ˶Է
İӡ˻һڣͱҶ֪ٴδϵ˵ˣ˻ңĻ̹Ҫ˿֤ݣҵѣ֤ݶҪȴִ𣿡
ûס֣֤ݲǰˣһ̤⽣˲Ϣչ࣬һսҶֱ֪ۣתԼĿ㲻Ҫ˽־㣬Ϊνֶ֮
Ҿһ㶼˽㡣Ҷ֪۾Ȼһʹɫ
̤Ϸۼװ壬Ҷ֪ɽȡСĴСĵ¯װʯĴһҶ֪ƽʱֲУؽҶ֪˵Ϊз峤״õ㷽ʽмǸ˽ˡ
ҿңΪħ֣ˮҶģҶ֪վԭأûлͷȥôһ˲һģϵһָоɻҲĪЩˣǸ˱ǲڵģ˿ԵĲ𣬡ֻǲ˽ڿ㡣
ɰǣɰȻ̫飬ܸܵǲ
ص˲ڣһ·ԣΪˣžҶ֪Ը½Ҳ֪᲻᳢һν׸ҲԸֻҪԷûл˵ʲôػ
ڷ½һ˲䣬뿪ͷûлعһΣһصзԼסͿʼҶ֪ΪˣֻΪϡУշ֪ܹԼŲȥų̬˼һõػ
Ĳڻ·ƵĽԲ⣬Ǿ֮صǻϳ˵ĵҩǣ壬ĳ˵Ը뵽ǸˣҶ֪Ƶʧ׼ͷֻΪյ·
ķ˷Ѻڹվͽˣǣֻһƣ͵һ̶ȣֽžľżһ㰴ϤķʽЩûô֮ˡ
ƣǿž̤Ʒ֮ʱƻ裬΢üĿЩϲҲ¿ĽΪһһµĽޣƷĻ治̹
ʹͬһ£ƷΪ壬ɽһɽƣرϦµʱ֣齣֮ԣҲзд˹۸УϾҶÿÿݶЦ˵ǵ̫ʲôˣҶ֪ΪӦĽɷǲڵġ
Ҳҹֻ꣬Ǹ˶ϰ˰ա
Ҷĵסһ·ҲûʲôˣţȴҶǰţһĲ԰ףѪɫҶ֪￴ȻһҲ˼ҶԣͲͻɺá
Ƶļƿҩ½ȡϸϸؽڷõĲ˵˸̧֮ʱȴƼҶһ˫㲵Ѫ˿ֻǾҪ޳ˣͷЩ졣
鼱֮Ҹӣָһȴ˸գֻÿһˮʱ̧øɾˡ˶˵ж᲻ᵯĪ˵жίΪֳΪҶһ
֪һΪǹˮԹˡҶķ˸϶˸̫ѿ΢Ц
Ҷ֪˵ˣͼҶת¶ıѪϽ齱վҶĵı˭֪ʺһƬ
ôЩˣƻδ𣿡Ҷ֪￴˿ΧҲûſĶΪ˿֮ʱҶ䣬ָһԵĹӡ
ҵ飬һ򿪹ӿ龰νǲҲ̶ãȾѪı£ҵض棬Ҷ֪Ͻһɾ߻齱ߣֽҶķǰƣ֮жֻһ
ˣչԱһ㶼ûгҶĴȤ
Ҷ֪ͣĶһĪؿҶģ˵ûиιˣǰ㲻ްҲû㻻ҩ
٣ӦðԭȵĲٷĵҩ°Ҷ΢Ž⿪Լ£¶һƬѩױŵץסҶ֪־Ŀڴȴڼֲһɲǣ̾ϲС
ʲôҶ֪ﻹδ꣬ͼҶı˸ƣͻȻվƵߵʺ棬ɫŵ˵˵ˡ
лҪ˵
С糡
û糡RQ/
#ߵ˸ðô죿#
Ҷ֪ȵˮɡ
ߣǸأ
Ҷ֪ðˣô֪ȥȵˮ

ʶôܸðⲻɵĿѧۡ
ߣ籾дһ֪˵ðˣȻ㡭
𣺿ȿȣջָ

Ҷģ˸ðǷˡ
ߣ籾ԸðΪΡ
ҶģȰĳ߽ôʣ˱׷κȨ
ߣҶ֪˸ðˡ
Ҷ֪ˣô£ˮ
Ҷģӡ
ϴԶҶֱӣһвһãֵһߵĺˡ12׼ʱɾûëû40״󵶣

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лȸ硢ȶϷ硢λСʹ͵ӪҺ
С糡ϣмһ·ֹ֧߾ֻŬġRQ/


58 Ѱ
Ҷ֪ʵʵضʺ棬 ﻹһҶӲĺɫʯĴżΪֲ̽ʲô˵£ ͵͵
ֱһĨɫ½Ǵߣ °ϵĽ˿ƿɲ˭õģ Ųڣ ϸһǳө⣬һȣ ˭Ҷ֪ܿԷͶߣֽеĶʯսЩԭò۵ĶԼǿ֮ͬ
Ҷ£ һɫۣϹϾ ʦ𡣡
֪ΪʦΪβˣԣҶ֪ĽǶȣֻܿԷ֮֮ͶµӰӡ
֪Ҷɫ԰ף亹䣬 ҡҡ׹
㲻֪ ٿȻһƽҶĻڵأ֪ΪλҪһٶ뵤Сͽ壬 ϧ໤ Ϊķ㲻𣿡
ҶĻ֧ڵһ֧ŵģ ˵Ӳҡ
ңıӰҶ֪ﲻħʤħһһ⵽ҶǰסҶĵĲҾͺãЩ˼ʲô£ǰסԪ֮мֵʵҲҪӹҶ֪ϣƺ«̳ʲôõģ֮£ǲǸá
ӲЩ޻֮£רעбʦҶĵЦݽӲһɣ͵˵档
ţٸ˰ˡ˦仰һȥˡ
Ҷֱ֪ҶɫȫȻŴʺϽ˷ȥɺãȴʻȥˣ̫ʣЩʶôܱ˵ϵģҶ˵Ҳϸʣչ˻ҪЩ档
֪Ҳˣ¼ͻߡҶĿס˫ۡ
Ҷ֪״ܲģ˵㣬ѵΪң
Ϲ˵ʲôأҶǳЦƿҶ֪֣֪̾֪𣿡
֪Ӧֻ˵鱾ϼصҲࡣҶ֪
ʿԺ겻лԸȻǰΪǲָˣܶᵽһ츳ѵƾľн볣ϡ
£鼮أǾЦ˭ļ֮أҲûĴԼ˴µģϾ˾죬֮˸ֻε֮ɥʧңֱҷ
ҶĿҶ֪֣ԼɽȡһֻֽףѸߣΪȻֹڻˣһ޵ӳϣʱϲƾ֮Ȼ֮ĻߣֲòֳسϵӣΪħ
Ҳ⻯ǺľкθϵҶ֪ԴЩƽˣţҶĵʦԼЩ²Ⲣʺֱ֮ڿڡ
䣬ҲܽܵӳϼͻƺϵڣȴҪ˱ϢЩ꿪ʼͻеµӣ츳ߵģΪ״ϧŰţΪĶ֪ʦµӣõˡҶĴˣüĿ˲˱֮ɫ
ЩȻȷˣҶ֪Ȼ뵽һ㣬׿ڸ֪쳣µ棬λſɾǵòȻĿˡ
Ҷĳ̾˿׿˵ģݳʲôТģҪһȱǣһʼΪһǻʱ⣬в̤벽Ͳ˵Цһ֮ʱҵȴΪԱǿһЩ֮ǰ˵Ҳܳɾͻء
ΪЩʲô𣿡Ҷ֪һʱ޴룬ܹ֮ڣ˭ֻССӡ
֪ҲΪ˼㣬ҲҪҺ𣿡Ҷĳ֧ǵϡ
ΪҶ֪ãȻ⡣
Ҷһ̾׽ֻηʦĴڣܵõӳϻӣ˲ǲݰǼٵģ
Ҷֹ֪˵ֻһݣзǵʦʱվЩŵӵĵ伮㣬ʦ˾ģҲԸָһʱϰΪӣҲǸˣ
Ҳãȴģ֪Ըȥһ𣿡Ҷ˫ίЦ⡣
һԵģҶ֪ｫɫʯŵߣһߵĵҩͱԥһ£ַˣЦº͵ضҶ˵Ҳ˵Ҵ˿ڱֱˣȥҸʦʦƷ϶Щó
˵ǸΪҶĻҩģŵͻȻ֣ҲøҶıٲ㣬ۼԷ̬֮Լó£Ǳȥѩϼ˪ˡ
ҶĴ˻ˣͷҲصظϻз壬ǸˣǼˣֻǵվڴ⣬һ̨ôҲ粻⼸ձŲֻԼжˡ
ǣ⣬ļȴ֪ʱòȥ˼ദպÿһ죬ÿһС¶ҪжϺ;ᣬ˲²ͷΪʵ
ǽ̫֮ҪǶȻỹδ˼̤ġ
Ҷ֪СҶ֪һͺˣ̫𻰣ٽղ룬Ҳ롣
Ҷ֪ԥƿȴţտĴ·Ļ죬пһˣ˲ȥԽǾףԽвЩЦص᲻ʲô¡
аЦԼһޱǺˣȻһˮԺֻһҶ֪ҲԥԴȥһƬï֣ܵ뵻ΪŨųʶȴʲôҲ̽
𡣡Ҷ֪ỽţ˫̽ԷײСĵرܿϰֱĺȻһƬůⴥЩЩһʱʹؾ˳΢˹ȥֻȷϸܵǿײģʵԡ
Էֲ˵ĸоЩĻҪջ֣˭֪Էһץסֱۣһͽ˴ˮڿʱţοˮҶ֪ŵıܻδü֣ȻӵϸǸϢ
ܵĽӴ̫飬֪ΪŨʲôҶֻ֪úƿȴ޴ֻ֣ڶԷзɵļ϶˵һ£ȷſңңеΡ


59 ֪
γɵģ ôأ𸧹Ҷ֪ĳβһ һֻɢ ۼԼ˾ǲʡˣ һϸ۶Է ͵٣üĿ㣬 вʹ̬֮뵣ɫԵøΪӨй󣬿ɳȴ鶯΢΢ȾϵĺΣɫɫ΢ЩĲ԰׵ġ
Ϊ˼𣿡մˮʳָҶ֪һ㣬 ΢ûʶȴǾӨˮҶ֪ϸƤ䵽۾ ֻۼ㰲ߵƤ˶̵ͷȥǿεˮ飬ߵҲã ŵʱ˵ڣ ң֪һֱǸϲңûܳΪ˽ˣ Բ𡣡
Ҷ֪ѹʱ ͷԻЩ߹õĲѣ䶼ƶƬһ ˫̫Ѩ΢ü۾δ˫ۣӺһδ꣬ͱһĿ棬ʶЩŲԣЩһǿֺʵһ㡣
ɺЩ
Ҷ֪˵գ۾Ժ˲ɢˣͷЩִٵԼϵ·ãڣΪλ᲻ڣҲһʱûֻֻͨתͷȥǸû·ˡ
ʵƾ֪Ũˮ֮Уһ棬Ͼֲûǰ½󳨿룬ԽԽ˼ȥˡ
Ȼط˸泯ǽ˵ûг֮Σգ
ûУо𣿡û̫֮ΣˣѰһ䣬ʵ׹𣿡
ӦòաҶ֪ԼûһľĸоӦǾͻðա
㻻·𣿡ʻаһ
Ҷ֪ɫЩΣ΢һ½еɣѲ·Լģ˱ӣȻֲ֪ˣϽ˵ˣǱˡ
ֵЦע⣬ЦȣŬŬ죬СзãƫҪһ·
֪ԣͷңקק˼Ҿ־ᶨúܣؽֱ쵽Ҷ֪ǰµĹٿȻԷȫסˣ·ģ㶼˯һһҹˡ
Ҷ֪èƵץǣǽذߵӱ¶ЩţǶȻ˼ˣ˵ǲֶðߵķˣ
ˣ˯úãֲǣ˫ִɢͷЩ鲻Ը˷ţʵ˵˵ôԵôʱģ
˵ֲˡҶ֪Ŀʹ
Ҳˣȥͽ͹ҩ˰գ˺Щ𣿡˳ͷΪġ
ʩ˰䣬βֱ֪̽ҵļأҶ֪ɻͷһ˫峺΢⣬ǵ֮ʱԷ֪̽ļ䣬ʱܻ䣬ûʲôģҶĵһΣϣԼ֪ٻ
̾ӦԶôˣļ䣬Ȩѡ֪ʲô
һˣΪʦļӣ˵ʦѧϰ֣ΪѾݹʦˣʦͽΪһЩɸ˵ĿġҶ֪˽ûнʦ͡㡱ֹһ𣬶ӵҲǲֱ֮ڿڵģϾ˳չҶĵ²ô»Ҫƾʵݵġ
ǸѰӻ𣿡ɫĵҶ֪˵ȥ
Ҷ֪ͷΪȷԷ᲻ȻΪҶĵ·ĿЩܿӣ˵ϣʦԲǰӣʶһˡ
ҲܴӦ㣬Ҷ֪˫Ŭź۾͵Ҳ⼸ȥ˽һѣԼºЩء
Ҷ֪Ｘ˲ͱǸеעԣǸһˣԼˣһԼˣ˽ãֻҪҶĸĹˣһ˵Щģ¶ѣȵȣ˵ʦҪ
Ҷ֪ջذҵ˼΢Цлл㡣
һº͵Цݣ˵󣬾͸Ǹ˵Ŭ֤Լ˵һлл֪㱾Լ֮䣬ҪΪ˵ллˡ
ʵûиһ·գҶ֪ЦԷ
ҴӲ˵ѡ
һ㶼ûвˣҶ֪ٿȻסľѣһֻ˳Сèһ˲䣬Ҳϲ㣬ϲ㡣
ıףҶ֪δԼĿڣ£δйôһ֪Լʱ򣬼ʹһ̣ҲЩӶԼ׾࣬ٿ̫˼仰һ黰Ҳÿ̰ȥظԣ֮򣬴Ҳô򵥵һ䣬Ȼܶ
պ硣
зͥԺһΧƵغ棬΢紵һСľҡҡλΣСϵˣһһ˳˼һˣ渲һƬ˶ĺҶչ⣬ޱȵذ԰뿿˼ϥϡ
żȻһҶıԵƬҶƫƫҶ֪Ĭֻıֽһ˯ղؽҶ
𣿡װ֪˳ƫȥĶˡ
ȻûлشģҶ֪ջ˯ܻǾԼǰհҹ͸⼸պúòǣҲû˭˿оģҲóģʵ齣⣬ܰߣҶ֪ԼǺġ
ôǲأ߶ţһעˮУãƽ޲
Ҷ֪һ̾Ҷƣ¶һ˫峺۾˵Уǲǳˮ̫ɾˡ
΢΢򢣬˵ǲΪɵ
ҾͲ֪ˣҶ֪׼װ˯ͱӱ󻷱ᣬ˻Ҷ֪İõֻ˸˯ˣͷڶԷϣ˵Ǿɲɵɵ˵ģݣǲӦĻգ˵ǲ̫ԣˣ
еͺ㵱˼ŵҩѪֹһˮһץһźӾģƺ֮ǰͶˮ֮ʱΪήˣӣֽĿҶ֪ﲻԲϣ˵鲻ܲ
ţţҶ֪Ȼⲻֻ˵Ӱֱ˲ӣΪԼ䣬ֽճȭֱÿļ¶飿ǲǶʲô⣿
˿һְסĶͷͷЩŵߣ˵첲СҾûʲô⡣
һʦʲôҶ֪һЩظпһƿ֣תģ治ԼԴӲԭǿ׳Լú潣²ǸıôģҲ̽£СĿ

֪Ҷ֪ҪεЦЦ
һΡҶ֪ԽԽŵȤҲƽЦ첲ϵСˣͶԷҲǸ࣬Ǹսİ
ҪҪٸ鳣
𣿡
㰡


60 Ŀ̹
 ˵ôôִҪأһֺҶ֪һŴƣһִС۱Ե ʱʱزŪˮ档
ˡ۶ƬҶ Ҷ֪˷
⼸ƬҶӶӴʦժģ µģ ںҲǸ裬㵹ã ۶һҶ֪úܣǴŻ˭ԼҲ˵˼أҲ⼸գ ˵ӹ¾Ӧء
ٵȼ£ĿȻºͺÿģ ȴҲ͸Щźζӡڼ
ӡҶ֪δ˵˭Ϊ˿ʳ˵ôĿ̹ǵġ
̾һʵ㻹ǵ˵ĳλħ޴ܵķ𣿡
ң֮ʱ ˵׶ͷ ΪǷ֮Ҷ֪ﲻ֪ԷΪκȻἰ£Ը߽ʿȷʵҲ̫˽⣬̫ϸ֦ĩڶǲ鼮ġ
ʿΪĿģγһԼһ޶ķ ǿͬʱŲͬ£ رļеڴڼŹͨļ䣬 еΪ˸˳Уεĸţֱͻƣںϣ˵⣬ͣƬ̣ƼҶ֪ͶɻĿּ˵һߵļ䣬׶һ˵ģ岻ȫȻ֪ʹȥЩΪȱʧּ䣬ֻҪ㹻Ŀ̹ǣͲǡ
Ҷ֪㱼ӻ𡣡
֪ỽ
ǻ֪ǲǵãҪҪѰҲûԼԼգħ޶ѣǲڻдءҶ֪˿ߣֲ֪Щʲô
֪֪˵ʲô𣿡סȰûдģҪˡ
֪ˣǻȥգҶ֪һºЦ⣬һĶȥˣĻΪһģ˼ζ˵Ҫȥץϡ㣬ھȥץһ
ڣĿɻˡ
ҾҪڡҶ֪ͷ
㲻׼ͬȥ𣿡΢Цʵ
ȥˡ
˽ʱҶ֪ڶһѳ߷ŴЩģ˫ֺҲŪһӰ˵ݣʱʱժһƬҶӷŽһʲô˼ζнⶼûУݶҲûʲôζģߣһŽͻ
ֹЧƽӹζ΢̵ݷֽժºҶϴһߣһѲ˵һɣûס
СģϽǰҶ֪קߣۼǲ˵ѡһڵ棬սҶ֪֣ʵû˰գ
ôôҶ̧֪Ƽüëϻδڻһ㺮˪õЦ˲ˣֻһֱۻ䣬ùװӣתص̨ߣŶԷȻ
Ȼʲô˹ȥ˲˵
Ȼ˵ĶġҶַ̨֪棬Щᡣ
ЦЦǣҶ֪֣˵ЦһȴǱԷȻñԼҪ¾ˣ˵˵ĻҲģ㿴ҡ
ţҶ֪عͷ
˵㻻·Ƕģ㣬ұ˵Լץģʵһмӽص˴͵ģɫЩС˵ʵҲץ㣬ǲǣʵҲ㣿
Ҷ֪ͷһģ˵ʲôѵģȥųԴͰա
Ӧʹ죬Ҳû뿪̫ԶóҶ֪״̬ԣҲǣıûм䣬ôܲأҲֻǰ˵˳ʵ£Ŀ΢΢ҲԼͷЩ֮˵ĶƸС
վ⣬˼һΰοǣͷƼŷ¶һƬѩױգ۵Ĺ򣬾Ŷ˱ԥ̴ţȴҶַ̨֪棬һ㺮˪

Ҷ֪űٿȻӽůƺΧΨһһػѱϵĺӣ¶ԶʤһУŻԽԽȶԽԽߺЩ̬֮Ϊ͵ĺ΢ţţ䣬䣬䡭
ߣΨһԴȻҪ˿֮ʱҶ֪Ȼعⷵһ㾪һ˲˫Ҳ֪ץסϷţţߣˡ
֪ѣֻ뽫ȱɺã˭֪˲Ž£ͼҶ֪ﲱָ˺˪Ͻӵס˵Ҳãôôɵǻںôõģˡ
ã㣬ȳˣҶ֪ƻָЩʶִ̧ůĸоô˿̵ֱֻ֣ԽԼѰŸůĵط̽ȥůͰ
ͻȻڲıӴ˶ܵضһ£Ҷ֪ﱻⷴӦŵøϽջ֣˵űǸĻƬ̺ȴץֱ֣ӺԼĿڡ
ԭůͰһ磬Ҷ֪îʱʱӾֻʣ仰ˣԼôůˣȻһô򵥣˿ģҲԲҶ֪һʱԽܵġ
ȻҲǵһͬ齶ߣɴǰôǴ룬޷§Ǹʲô
ս½󣬷ȴ˲˻ȥգ۵Ĺֻԭ˳ʱģĿޱǡ
ˣˡҶ֪˵
𣿡Щƣ
ˣҾǳһ㣬ңҲ֪ôˣǡҶ֪Ѿһ飬ҹǻᣬͦõģֶźԼģµԼûдĵȷԼʦͽˣǲҲؿǵˡ
ԼãɫϿңǱׯȻһ䣬һΪׯص񣬵ʧ죬ʳĻδлȴӵߣޣҶԲ㡣
𣿡Ҷ֪ԼЩҲ«ư¹ڣһ˵֮ߥȥ㣬ͷңлڣǸȴͬߣģҶԲ㡣
ٰݣҴˡ
Ҷ֪̻ذݣҲá
ٰݾˣһʱЦ֪Ҫ˵Ļݳɻ𣿡
ǸʲôҲǸ˼ѽҵʲôοǿ̹ˣҶ֪˵ĻĴЩҡ
൱Ŀ̹İĿ䣬˻䡣
ģҶ֪ﲻν𾪵Էۼ˼һǵͷˣһƣҶûᵤأֻе£ôһоûС
ţһȻǰıڶߵҿ̹ĵ㣬ѽ
㣿Ҷ֪һ㶡
ǰԣ˯ˣЦһҲС


61 
˵Ǿ䡰ҲС ͸֪ĽⲻҶ֪תͷԵĲȣ ùΪȥչˡ
ʵҶ֪ҲǸµˣ αչҲͨģ ͻƵΪǲȵ ʳıҲȫô伫ÿѹЩµľﶯ
һº Ҷ֪֮ʱľǲͬЩݵĲ²µĽ
һűһĵĿҲչһ½ǣһ飬 ɵٿȻڲԶӭӵӰ֮ʱֻһĿԣ ˣʲôµĿûǰ֮ã ôЩĿ
Ҷ֪ûע⵽ ԼǰΪĳȣǲ֪ȫ·ĲЩ죬˸ǰ һֵֹ ˵㶼ˣβǰ ӭ㡣
´һעġ
Ҷ֪ջ࣬Ҳͺǰһͬ˴û룬ڵмˡ
һ񣬻δڣº͵˵˵°ա
ǣʱʦô˵һ룬ʦȻȥɻ󣬿ɴ˿ֻҶ֪ﵭݵı֣ĺӦòǷʲôҪĴ£˿˵ղؾڼͻȻдħ޾ۼ֪ΪǰؾħĶйء
ؾҶ֪Сظһĸ֡
عͷʵ֪Щʲô
Ҷ֪ͷ˵һҵڼħӡ󷨵ĵط
ؾǰλöǸҶ֪ط˵ӳֲ̣ѡĹһ峤״գҲõ˲׺Ĳо
Ҫ˵λʦ㣬Ҷ֪Եǰ֮ͼеӳͣǰȣˮ֮ʱҴһƳųΪʦܣλʦĻǳӵĻ
ͱҶ֪Ƚ̵֮УǱһʱɽŵɲλɳϵĵӲСڣͬ۵
ǴǰǣӵͽҶĺ͹һʦգ˽Щʱûٱ˰۳һԣǷųûõҶ֪ôһ䣬£Ц֮ﻹʲôģҶ֪޴ӵ֪׶Եġ
ټķ棬Ϊ״жĴտɹϢģǰؾǸжҶ֪ŵĶ飬ЩʱһǰˣǵסҶ֪ڣõݾȻʦļӡ
Ҷ֪ѧûסͼסô㰲ŵݵ£˼˵ĺѽҪǰȥ͵иݣ˵õһҪһеľ룬͵Զš
ǣ˭һ˭ɣֻҪҶ֪˵֣˾̰ڳ˼һħҪҪˣӦҶ֪Ҫȥ˽ѣǲǵͬ·
˵㡣Ҷ֪һֳ򢣬һմˮͿŷ䡣
ѵΪұеķ˼ʡ
Ҷ֪˶Էһۣ˵Ҳûȥ˽˵ģգҶĲ˵仰˼꼸Σɼ𣬻ѱ˽´ĶֱӰ˵ʦɱҪأ⵽ҲԼ뷨ѽ
Ҳ꣬ҾͲΣԼҶ֪һ޶βõַ˷ԼĽɫߣ˵ҲǣյΪͽ䲻ϡ
ƫҶ֪վߵĺɫβЦúõİ׷Ҫúһģһ
ղ𵤣㶼˼ˣһͷ˿ֻ¶ԸҼ粢ˣסԼϵ֣һק˴Լã΢ָḧҶ֪ޱߣ°΢΢һʱѩˣҲҲ˳ɾһ԰ͷ𣿡
Ϲ˵ͷģҶ֪Ŀֻ䵽ߵ֣ԷһƷ˿ָ⣬˵ҿû˵ʦϣ˵Ҷ̫ˣʵʦ˵ǣʦΪ
˵Ż˽ȵĺδüҶ֪ԵĴͼԷƸм䣬Ҷ֪ۺЦ⣬ҡͷ˵ԡ
Ϊʲôԣ
ͼƿ֣Ҷ֪㣬ЦģֱǰǼˣرߣץŶԷϵϢ΢ҵ˵֡
һ¾ͺáס󣬸ٲ˾ܾأһǷҪ£ߣ⴫ÿնҪһεĲ֮͵
֪𣿡
ҪѹֵĺҶ֪΢Ķߣܲ˵ſ˵ɲǣĻﾡ˻ȥһסҶ֪ﻹڶ۾һЩǿȵǾ࣬ڴһĴ
״ˣҶ֪ȻЩĻֵֻֻȼһŻÿһ羭ĵط񾭣ȶȵȥǣ
֪ҶĻŻӦڼװҲûˣҲôĵطܵȥ
ڣģա
Ҷļɢƿ˷ţֻǸÿնڴ˵ˣ˿վڴߣϸϸ֮һַŴƺץú֪ǺԵʣֻ⴬ڵգӦǸոֹһ
ģ㿴鲻ʲô𣿡Ҷ֪һŴɫЩûл͵΢졣
ٹʱӦþҪˣ֪һɫ̫ԣǲǣҶ߽ЩС˵ǲǳˣ
ûУֻﲻ̫͸еơҶ֪ϽְͷЩ
ǳܸ𣿡𱳶Ŷ˵ķ˵
Ҷ¶֮ɫûжٲãҾǺ棬ʲô֪õʶ࣬
㵹롣֡
ֿ֪ѣ˵ģزʲô࣬ҶûƼҶ֪һͶĿ⣬һϵ֪̿ʱȼŭ⣬ͬңбս
սʲôսһĪĲ֮ӿҶ֪ͷԪӤΪҶСӾҲƴŭӺôѾҪö˻ΪѣȴƫһȼƵġ
ҶǸƢͰˣ˵ʦ͸иʦӣԴʦСƽϣôһ仰ҪҶսˡ
ûܣģȷ½Ҷ֪鼱֮£ǰ棬Ҷĳ嶯˵ĹӳˣѣΪԶ㣬ɵ¡
֪㣬ҶҶ֪ŭǸʢˣΪôߣֻ춼ˡ
ġҶ֪ͷһۣҪͣȴЩ˿ڡ
ʲô˲ϢǰָǯסҶĵ齣ֻǽ˲պңһ֣Ǳ齣֮ƣʵɲֻˣˣƤӹգΪβǰչʾһأڹ˼ʲôӣ
㣡Ҷҧÿ졣
齣ڽ˵ζʲôʹҶĲ˵Ҷ֪Ҳ׵ģһסҡҡͷ
Цһջ֣ζءŶһҶ˵ʾʲô£ֿΣҼ˵ͣһҼһ񣬾㹶һ죬֮䣬Զʤ֪
ģҪ֪ҵ£Ѿ֪ˣһ׼ģεӣ϶кܶҪûʲôֵĴ¡Ҷ֪ҲˣǿǹֻͨǱ͸Ĺϵѩϼ˪ʦˣҶֻԼȥˡ
Ҷ޶ԣԼǰδ齣Ҫȥȴ׷һ䣺Ӳϲ֣ʾt
t
Ҷֱ֪֣ҶˤȥҲþδعt
֪ô˼ദϥһҲ̫ˣ˿صߣȴҶ֪ٿȻ߽ץסļת˸һ࣬ĿüͷһʵΪҧһΪ˱ˣ
ΪʲôtҶ֪


62 һ
ʲôر𣿡Ҷ֪׷ʵ
ûʲô壬 ɫĽ͵ʦΪͣ Ϊһͽ ֱı֣ ʦΪ ԼģʦֱҲи֣ ûᣬҲûˡ
ʦô𣿡Ҷ֪ﱾüͷЩ
ţͲʲô£ ֮ʱδҲ˵⣬ ͱt֣ǱӦԲϲֵǣ֣е кβף
Ҷ֪ҡҡͷ 𱾾Ҷͬˮ˿ԼǰпܾǱtĩпйأɲǻϽˣ Ҫ˵Ҳõˣ ҶҲڸʱС
ЩԻסԼ ʵʦĲϲ𣿡
ҴӲδΪ˵꣬Ҷ֪˵ҪҪʵܴ˺ö֡
ɫɻҪϲϲֲǸ˺öҪλشĵһѣˡ˻һ˵ⲻΪҡ
Ҷ֪ﲻ֪ʲôΪˣ˽𣬾һ˲θУоݣµˣһ£ɲǹģֶ㿪Է֣ɫЩգ˵һһµģѧĻۣղһû˵أ
ϥײһ£Ҷûأ㻹֪ʷĿһƳŲˡ
ǣ֣㣬˵ˣȥҶ֪˳Ŀ⣬˲˼˿̻治ÿҲԷ˵ĵָţԥ
ֻһҶ֪͸˵ĶҲԣԾߵűߣٵ֮ʱŻͷȻ֪ΪʲôôʣǣtôľģĵӣҲΪĳЩϲ֡
Ҷ֪Ŀ뿪󣬴ɽȡһöĵҩ£ĿϢ
˵ĵӣԼǲǻӦû䵽ԼͷϣҪԼҶtɲǲųķ̺ЦҶģҶttҶĲΰǼҡ
Ҷ˵ŻὫõĵǲ˵ʹûҶ֪ĳ֣ҲᱻͽǸᱻt˻᲻ˣ֪ʦͽı׼ʲôͺˣδ˵t棬ŽǴˣʦǲֻˣ
ռt˵ǶǴһղȷϴ˵ݣǲĩת
ҹʱ֣һǺƺƵǣҶ֪飬صһ£ûҪѰһѰ𣬿Ҳ֪ôģƽǳϦ飬ղǱ˷ţǽˣûƼӰҶ֪ͳȥһֱûлš
ҲԼҪȼһΪԼûա
ҶĴڵڳпջúˣҵ˶һ˵Ҷ֪ٰȰ˵ԼԼĪ裬Ҷ֪ٲתתֻҪ߻ħˡ
Ҷ֪ûֱ˵ôô߻ħ۸ҶĵΪҶ֪͸͸ǿԵġ
һ̤ǾͲķΧǰЩͬ罪ԣЩӣ˲ħޡʵҶ֪Դ˵ҲϤһɢ޶ԣʱǲڳס޵ģǻѡؾܿڸһЩҰ⡣
Ҷµؿ·ߵ̯λҲѰЩҶ֪ﲻϡ֮ЩλߣҶ֪߹ĳУķ֣ñЩֵҶ֪Щ¡
ĪۣôȥˣɳƵۣԴ̯üۺЦЩ̬֮⿪ȥ
Ҷ֪ҡҡͷܾҶȴһѽӹ˳ƾȥץҪϡ
ûдЩϰߡҶ֪Ҷĵĺ⡣
̯ȰһԵģɳ˺öƲ㴢ռ䣬ͼ˫˫ԶԵļɺã
ҲЩģ߰աҶ֪ת۾ͼҶǺϴɢһء
֪ҲǹģҲ֪չ˽һʱ͡ҶɫƵʾҶ֪ԭһԵġ
Ҷ֪Ϊ£ҲҡͷЦҶһ·ЩС⣬Ҳ֪˭ģòϴռ䣬ʿֲῴôռ䣬Ӳ˵һԵģֻǻȥ
ָת˹Ʒĺ˽ŲҶЦһ룬ҲԼģĲҪˣ
Ҳ֪ҵ־ŪһǮ׻ˡҶɫЩȵ˵
ʵŵãǻϵӣ˵᲻ǸղǸ̯һġҶ֪ﵹҲûˣ˵Ļ뻹ΪЦҶġ
һɣҲ˦ˣһ˲ŽۡҶεЦЩеζ
Ҷ֪룬Ҫ˵˰գһ̧ͷƼһϤŮӰǰӣû˿ԥ׷˹ȥҲһʱ˺ҶĽһ
İСʪ쳣һȥǿͷ͹Ҷ֪̾;Щһתȴ߹˼·ҲǱޱ޼ʣԻҶģɱԶȴûаӦ
кıҶ֪ףſһ˵ĵطȵ
С磬ڻ𣿡һĵĺȻصڶߡ
˭Ҷ֪˺һȴƴ˷һǣ紺޵Ļ˵ᣬǵĽȻ䣬ΪʵΣŮŷɫ衣
ǻ˳ұ趯䣬ǷɫҶ֪ﻷƣŨϢ˲ûʶֱҶ֪վȣ˫ۻ磬˵ӰںΪһˡ
ƣŷɫϢָؽӽҶ֪̾ͿסˣСӣþò˰õһϧغϻڡ
Ҷ֪֮ʱ⵽ľζƷǰŨңͬܣַ̧סͷ۾һƼԼϱ˴ɫ
Ҫ⿪ͱ֪Ӻδݺ𾪵˫ۣܣ˵ؾһĿջůѬ㣬رɴʣԧУвĲŻ
һ£ǰз壬ʱ˼άŮŵһޡ
Ҷ֪ﳢתȴǱһεѹƣʶ޷ãȫеĴȡ֮ģħ޵Ϣ
ħ͸ɾ˾ͺá
ͬźã֪ͬ룬ͬ֡
㻹ڵ˼𣿡
Ҷ֪ÿɫɴʣһɫıӰģں˭˵أ


63 Ϊ
ˣ ˣҶתתӲĲת֮ʱ ˫İ̶ üչ Цаȣ Ҷ֪֪ ˡ
Ҷ֪ɫصǰ֮ˣʹûѪ۾ȻĿɲҶķڶԼЦЦ˿޷ ֻ˻䣬ܵҪӡ
ħˣ ôᣬʲôʱ򣿡Ҷ֪ﲻŵԷѹƲסħħֿ֮˻е״̬ ȷԷѵģ ƫƫҶĵ˫ȴô侲
ģ˵𣿡Ҷ֪ԥҪǰһ˺󣬾Ҷ΢΢ƫͷһ֮ʱ ڶΣյıܷӦ 岻ʶ˰벽벽 Ǽŭ˶Է
Ҷ֪ܵѹƣڣֻҶٿȻԼĲԾɴ˿ʱ˺ͽԲ˱ʿҶȴ㲻ܴ˵ؽƵӰ죬ʵг֮ơ
Ҷ֪ÿһҶħ͸ʢһ֣˫ԭΪ¶а۾ûյĹʣȼһаʾĵײɱ¾
֪㲻˵ңҪҲ𣿡ҶĵȻðˣ㲻˵õ𣿡
ģ㡭Ҷ֪ﱾϾ˼ʣѾȫ£ˣۼһɴ᣶Ҷ˺˵棬Ҷ֪ﲻò˵Է飬ģĿ˭𣿡
֪жڿңҵͷʹҶĺȻͷһʹȫȻαһʹţһҶ֪ߣҪңӳȥ
Ҷ֪龰ԥ˵˲䣬Ҷ˲ϢƶǰһסĲǽϣ˫۱شһֻֻħƵָҶ֪ﴽϵ˺۴룬Ц˵Ϊִܵˣôô档
ſ
Ϊʲô㲻ϲ𣿡
Ҷ֪ﾱϵ̫أҶĻһʱ˼ȻҶ˵Ķᣬ̽ʵģǲǱ˶ˣôܰ㣿
˵㱻˶ˣô˵ģ
졣
ѵ˽ģ
죡
ġҶ֪͵ͻԷ֣ҶȻͷߣ·ָһ˲ѣҶ֪ЩȰ˵һ˭֪ҶȴٿȻ̧ץס½ʦ͵Ʒ£ǱҶͽֲѴ֮˺һƬ
Ҷ֪۵ȼŭֽ̧֣һŷ׭ҶĵĿڣ˵ҲģܶԻѵ֪ǲƵ𣿡
ŶҶķſ½󣬽ϵսЩĲȶϣŷ׭ը
Ц𣿡Ҷ֪΢ͷƳԷ԰ֲм۵ָ⣬һĹ𽥸ڶ֮䡣
ÿˡҶϵħŨָֻǵƤʱһƬ
޴ħޣҶ֪Ĭ߶֮ʱȴΪ˲Է˿̷ΪĸУٿȻҵĻ棬ɫ飬ԼϵԽԽֱԷ˫۳ʧȥ˹ԣųȾѪ֣ڶԷϲһһƣ˵һʼûſڣǵ׭ϰķͱˣ̫һ˵Ļ󣬾綼ֲȣ
գۼ䣬ָܻ˾ףǸڰС˿жЩѪƺʲôûб仯Ҷ֪ĿָƽߵԼߣһԲδĺҶģ˵㿴ʲô
Ҷȼ𽫺ճ˻ң̧ͷ˵ķ׭ϤĲ̫һ
ȻǲһģҶ֪ͷرϲڹеķ׭һЩ޸ģõǽЩʱʵķġ˵ƽϲ缸䣬ʱ򻹻ԷͿһֻҪָĹģһҶ֪ﲻתͷֻһ
ʵϣ޸ģȷʵÿζиǿЧǵöԷÿμţЦҶ֪һʲôԳԵǰǸʮҲһġ
ڽģ׭ҲǣҶ֪üĿ΢⡣
Ǹңɱ𣿡ҶվĵĻҶ֪
һ취Ҷ֪̹ϵ
ûбİ취أҶĿֱӡ
ģô𣿡Ҷ֪ܻԷҵɫЩ࣬ϣһôش㣬˵ҼʹһߣҲΪԱ𣿺ܱǸҲᣬûеôΰ󣬴һ̤ʱҾѾ·ԼΧ֮ڣȥѡҪҪȥ˼˵ǲƺѡ
Ҷ˵˵ǻΪһΣ㲢ȫȻûڻ֮УĻˣǱ࣬ԹͻữħЩֵܷЩΪ֮Щ𣿡
ҡҶ֪ԥˡ
ڻпģɻǴ˿ǰңҶ׷ʣͼһֻɫſûгɣ̧־ҪץסͻȻĶǱҶ֪￴ˣҶ֪ץסֱۣ˵ЩԺ˵⣬Ⱥһߡ
԰գҶ֪ҲȥƽҶĵԸֻһקס͸·ǰ·ȫȻͬȫܿǹʵƵмֱߺϢһߵС¥ǰҶ̧֪ͷңʹɽȡһƣһ·ȫظ˶¥
ֻûһţҶ֪ҶĶһۣһƿţڶ˵ɲǣҶ֪Ｘ̱ˣԼקһˡ
֪ôӣȿǽҶ֪½Ҷ֪Ҷ֮أְֵա
Ҷ֪ɿ˲䣬δü˵һͼһٿȻ࣬𾪲ЩĽӽİʲôȻصһʹ
Ҷ֪תסֱۣɾԷǰֻҲҶ֮䣬æȰʦٴһˡ
˵ʲôһз̫ͻȻҶ֪ﱻûЩһʱû彪˵Щʲôл㱾˸𡱻Сתͷ۱ǽ̱ڵصҶģſ˫ۣǰ̧ͷŶԷޱȵ˫˵ٴˣˣħˣºûйϵġ
СʦܣȥͣʦңһκġҶ֪ʹ˸ɫտҪʦŸˣǵ淢ʲôңʦôǰ֪λʦΪҲǽѵԼĵӰʲôûȰСʦܵĶĵҶͽһƷ¥ҪٿĪˡ

˷һɺúֿȥķ̾СʦܻܰʦȰߣ⵽˻ûа


64 󵨲
˵ȥģ
Ҷ֪ԡͰ һ˫۾Ӱ˵ǵģм˸ ȻҾͿ߽ӡ
Ҫ˵ǡ
˵Һ鷳 Ҷ֪һӰƶ ̸˿ڣ ˵úúã ˵ˣҪҰһ¡
Ҫ뿴һʲôãֲû˵Ż ƹ粽ԡͰߣҶ֪ｫԼ˳ˮ棬 ͷ˵ôãҿϵĺӡ˶١
Ҷ֪ﲻ鲻Ըˮ棬 ͷ ˵ħЩǲҪˣ
㲻Żܣ ᴥȥƬɫɫָӡ ɫһ䣬 ˵һΣĻҲħģǲʲôң֮ǰǶŲ𣿡
Ҷ֪Щ˵ˣּȡһƿģɻҩĨ˴ĶνҶ֪Щ˵ŭˡ
Ҫ˵ˣɲ˵ͷһưǽˣһû·أҶ֪ҲֹԼôô˱嶯һ˲򴽵ı飬Ӧãĥ´ǣ˵ҿħĲҶģ˵t֣Ҳܿ϶t㽻ҵĵ¯йأҲħ߹Ƕλ䣬ֵǣ¯˲ˡ
˵־Ĳǵ¯¯𴥵ߵֶסˡ
ǣҿȷϣ¯ڿӡķһģһģҶ֪ԼЩĲ²⣬ǣ¯ȴ͸ңҲпܴ͸ҵǸĵӣҲԹȥûִtˣ˵ɲɣȻһûС
𽥸ʹ֮ɫǣҶ֪֣һѽ˴ˮק§˻˵ⲻɺϣ͡tֶǱ
Ҷֱ֪㶵վǱ˱ţֵɲɺϣһʱҲ֪ô˼ˣȻһȣ˵Ҷ˵·ˡ
ţ֪°͸ϣǰĻ˵˵ûг֣ǸΪt˾ͼпҶģΪǼĸʣǱضΪз״ġ
ʦѡңǿ˸ǰҶ֪̾
һ˫ҶһɲǵһͶĲ𣬸οҶĵĻϵ뵤ͬ˭һʾѵѡԼա
ΪˣԶʤĸǡ
Ҷ֪ȴǱ⻰Цˣ˵ҵˣֲûи˵ϲҲ۴ա
ָܵϰһķƾ˫Ϊ˿ѷɫһʳǲݣм˺һ֪ǵ㾫ĹЧˣһΪͭĽɻһǴе¯һ£㣬˭д˻ᱨѩޣЩһһڳΪֻ֤һ룬˵߼Ǯؼ£ûʲôϵΪɵġ
ΪϺ֣Ҿ𣿡Ҷ֪Ҫƿϼ䣬һ뵽Լ˿̵״̬ȴǽѣŭ²ǹġ
ļһӦȴ뵽Լһ˸ͽɱԼϲˣ֪˵˹ʣ᲻ǶԼˣ֪ҽͣҲԤϵģ֮䲢ǶϵģҲһʱ塣
㻹뿴ʲôҶ֪ʶԷ°͸Լϵ̬ͰˣҪʲô
˰ǱģڵġֻĶԷţȻɿ˻˿ЩԼȻͽܣڵԼ޹أҲõǸⲻ˿룬ĿΪԳ⣬һЩ˳¡
Ҷ֪ûԼֿôͻȻһʱδӦƼ˶ԷߣһƻԡͰϣűķѻɢľ˲ˮڣһƵ󣬴һ¾͸ϽˣԷűյһ챻
ʲôˣתһѱס˷Žһֻ쵽Ҷ֪ǴδйĴͷɥҴûй飬׮׮޹أɺֶйأۼħǱյζǸжʹ࣬˵ǸҵǸֺ޲
ôö˶˵ģȻƸˡҶ֪εشֱۣ·ͲúôˣҲĸ飬ŻŤ˼ô˸ίˡ
𱡴˲䣬Ҫ㣬̾˿˵㻹ҵҶҪҶĴҡ
˵˲ģҶ֪ϽתסԷߣ»һйأʲôң֤ݵģֱӵյĿɲá
Ϊʲôûлɹ¯ԭأº͵
ʦ𣿡Ҷ֪뵽Էᵽɵ㣬Լˣվɽۣ֮ˣҲ˵û̫飬ҪҪЩĵʦôõ¯£
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˭̧֪һƣॵصһν͵ˣһ·ء
Ҷ֪˵·аԵˣͱż˲Ϣ߿ϣδԷٽӽҶ̷֪𣬽Ӵãϵ´һĲ˵Ҿ΢ҳ˽𵤣ɲƢ
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ⶼĲ²ѡҶ֪
ͷӦǣ˵ڲڲ²ϸ룬ȥе˭ΪλôȤ⣬ȻѾħйˣһжɺϣǸʱ̹ע٣㰲Σħǲǰſʼۼڴ˵صħޣôôͿʼЩϡˡ
ֱӰǣħˣ᲻̫̫ˡҶ֪ﲢһ䶼ûȥ֣ҶħĹƻǿtĹ²ǲ²⣬tˣҲδȫȷħˣ¯tʦ֮䵽ϼҲδ֪
Ȼףǲ׵ķ룬ɻһΪҶΣ˵᲻ǾͺֱͲǱһѡ֮գսڣû㣬ɻģз壬ҡһt˵˻ʱɫЦˡ
˵Żȴ֪¥̧꣬־һ϶סˣ¥λӣһ裬ƲƲĭӣӴ۵С۵˵ʲôôСֵģõˮôˣˮźãһǰСݵˣһû߿ȥ
ˤˣôĶһƽǺصʵ
˿ڲ裬̾ӴˣƤʵˣҪٴ֪Ϊɳ


65 
ҲǸ춹ģ ǰ˶̬һ£ҲľͶҶ֪ﲻܲˣ СʦܰҲǼԣ ûԺ´˳ȥ ˵ʦźò׳Чʦģ ˸Ҷ֪ԽԽȥġ
ٵǰǳһ ҲûʲôҲ֪ǲʦ˽磬ǻͷϣԼõ⼸Ҷ֪Ľֵðա
ȻšһȴǱ˿ˣ ˵ǿ˵ˤ ˿һƣͼҶ֪һʦıϣָָδüջص֣ ˵˼ң 񡣡
һ˲һɣ˵ˡ
Ҷ֪ﶨһƣ ЩִٵջֻŻʮ֣ Цղţ ʦֲգ
ǣȻðЩ亹𣬽ѵⲻ֪ʦصʦһ٣ʦҲûѣΪȫʦ˵Լʲôûпû
ͿˣҶ֪ǰԼ˵ĻϱڻЩ⻹Щϰ˺ӲҲҴǰЩ꽥ȴԽСˡ
£Ҷ֪һ·ԣֱҶڵķ䣬޴󰭣ִѧ˰ϣһûҶʶ֮Ҷ֪˿˵Ժɲô嶯ˣһ£ֻҪ֪ء
֪ˡش𸴵
ôܣǻסġҶ֪üĿ΢ҶԲ԰׵
קԼ˵˵ҪԽǺõ㣬ԺǰҾΪ˸׳ҸղŲҲ˵ľ仰ûȥˣ
ţҶ֪̾˿ŶԷģ˵˵Сҿƺˡ
ӦΪҺЩ׽ա˵ŻֽЩ
Ҷ֪ûƿĶͷʾ⻹ˣ˵֪̫ˣ͸ע⡣
ҿ㰲õĲʵһ֮ˣ㲻ҲͲþڸò֪̽ļ𣿡ſҶ֪⵽Ҷߣָ֣䵽Ҷü֮ʱͣƬ̣Ϊ壬˾޿ɺǣվûЩ䣬Ҳǻֵģʵڿҿȫ飬ϾЩҿ̫ˣ˵ĻҲЩ
Ҷ֪ڸִ֮ʱ֪̽ԼļΪΣıģǴ˿Ϊ˻ʣ֪̽ԼĲˣԼǾԲܽܵģܵһ˲ͻԱܣҶģҲ˰ա
աҶ֪ߵǰһȷϺ󣬾滻Էλýһʶ̽Ҷĵʶ
˾Ҷ֪޷ҲƾԼڵʶôҲһʼĸԸ֪ļ䣬ܻᱻɢƬΣɸ˽Ҷĵ˶֣Ҷı˵ӰҲСһЩ
Ҷ֪չǾô֪̽ѾԼ˵ģǣȥͻҶʶ֮ʱԷȴ˿ܵؽԷļ续һ̳¿ʱ򣬿ŨīزӰ֮ʱȻսˡ
Լ֪Լƣʱſڰϣůӣ˯գ±ߣϦϣżıӰ
Уѧϰ֮ʱƳһ۵Ǹͼʱһ˲ŵĲԹ̵ӳҶĵļԣԭҶ˵Ϊɱͼģ
ʦѩʵҵ裬Ҷ֪ġ
ʦһỹȥġ
ʦǵҪҶ֪ȥصģ޹أǵӲ֪ˣһ棬ºڲδҲӰ쵽ӵҪȫԹԣʦõЧ½ʦǰȥҲǻأһҲҲգԸ˼ʦٵһĵӳҲá
ʦ𣬴ħֵķǱץЩħｻģзλԵ֪ħһ£һﵹǽ˲٣λϣչѾã㣬µԴ

Ҷ֪ջ֣գ۾סԼɲǣɻ˵ػͷ˶Էһۣת߳˷š
⣬ЩǿƵؽ˴˽ȥȴʰǽ塣
ĬĬһۣ̻˳ȥֻһ硣
֪㿴ʲôˣе
Ҷַ֪ҡҡͷ̾ҵĺܣҲ֪˵𡣡
ֵ˷һãס˫֣º͵
˵ļмٵ𣿡Ҷ֪ĿãȻɻʵУѾֵļԼɢһ𣿡
Ϊ棬Ľ͵֪Ӧѧ޲죬ٵģܻҳǰЩһЩڴ㿴ģɢ֮˵ҲûпܣѹˣȻͿԽˡ
ģûųңǹĹȥһʧҶ֪ﳤ̾˿ɫЩ޴壬˵ħҲֻʣһƹˣʱ˵ЦҸǱеݣҲûж룬ǰ˵֣ҴӲΪ棬ҿļĹʧ
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һЩŵ£ǰûи㣬Ϊ˵һ֮Բţڼʹ㲻ţҲ˵ˡҶ֪ｫҶڶǷ˵Ǿֽ֪֪̽ļԼзһһرЩץħ˵֤ʡ
ڽհһ֮󣬻֪ЩЩϣ̧Ҷ֪°ͣɫЩĪĸӣҸ䲻Ǽٵģ֪ħ֮µҲңǵ̫岻֮ˣ¹ң˵ģ
Ҷ֪ｫƿЩɫЩգ˵֪ʡ
ΪʵΣ˵Ӽ治⣬ѡٽ֮˵֪ȷʵΪʣ˼Ƭ̣ԼȡҶ֪﷽Ÿ֮ʱûûȥɽ䣬һǣִãһпһҶ֮£ƫƫţԭµͷҲͦħйء
𡣡Ҷ֪ỽ
ţա
Ҷ֪ЩյشͷĿڶ˽յϣ˵ҲȫȻûвɣ٣ЩʱҶҡ֪Զ˵ʵУ侳֮䣬Щħܾ𣬹ĥ˵Щ֪ҡ
йͬľֵĲһãĿڣϿңůаЩºЦ⣬֪ģƢôãҪٽӴЩºˣֻǰ̫½ûˡ
Ƣãֲʲôŵ㡣Ҷ̧֪
ൣЩΪҲܷɼලҰ


66 
Ҷ˺ûҲͿˣ Ըǰؾ֮ǰع˶飬ΪҲû˵Լ֪صģҶ֪ﻹܲ
ؾ⣬ Ҷ֪ջ齣 㱳ǲǸʦҩˣ
㲻˼ȥǸ ˭һġϸߣ 飬ΨĿº͵Ҷ֪ϡ
ҲΪӱܵǸҶ֪ջؿԷĿ⣬ ԶҶĵ˵ıӰ
Ϊ֪ļ䣬Ͳٹ֪ദˣ˼һת㿪 ̾ضǣ һʼ֪رܵѿˡ
Ҷ֪һʱҲûӦ˵ ΪʲôԼǸˣ ֻҶĵɫóĵҩӦòֻ˵ЧҲǴ档
֪̽һ£ʼЩڻ ǲȴħ ΪԼϣҲͽǾ䡰㡱϶˸˾Ųʮ
ȻҶĵļҲǣ浽ŵĻɣ ˼Ҳǻ˲ῴĸ֪࣬̽һһ˵˵ĵ˵ҪĻǾڲؾҵħļء
Ⱥд˱ͷ˵ˣȻҶǰ㲻ȣһ֪˵ģ
ýҶĵֱۣʾͷ˵з峤̫飬ӵǸ鲻
ԼáҶķܵƳһۣҶ֪û߿еӲ
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ҶĽ齣սЩһİˣֻм֪ĺá
¶ིŶӺͬչҶ֪ǰɢĴĵǴвͬģжʽôȻҲ٣ͱ統Ǹɢ޵ʱ򣬽ƾΪкܶط̽õġ
󲿷ĵر̾ᣬеʱһƬֲ˵Ҳֻǵһһ˵ܷΪ̣ϸۺڵģܳûԵߣɢϵıһȥ
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ʲôɺӰҶ֪ипһһֻ䣬ֻͷڵĽĺӻֻнĵ޶ܣԼµû취˼ҴɱķԼɡ
Ҷ֪㿴ʲô˵ʦҵΪֻΪȵȫ֮ʱɷġ
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ҲۣĮصּһĽǳԼһѿ΢ЦǱϧĪҲһƤЦⲻЦǣˡ
һĻҶ֪ԼһοЦ飬û룬֮꣬ٴοǾôִ򣬿ɵ˸պЦһ𣬺ЦҲûôˡ
ջĿ⣬ȻƼһֻ޴ĶϮҶ󣬶ҶĴ˿ӦǰķȺҶ֪ҵļһʱƲԷһ򶾷䣬ҶĲתͿҶ֪ｫһֻ䴩Լ龰һ˲Ҫͣһ˵֪лл㡣
ҵһл֮»δǸءҶ֪˦˦һ㣬ֻס˽һ㣬ĶΪЦ
Ҷһ󣬻ǴЦԼ齣ֻŪߣ˵˵Բҽãʹдԭˡ
Բ𡣡Ҷ֪˵ĳϿҡ
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Χ˵˽̫壬Ҷ֪Ҳ֪ʲôͬʦֵ֮䣬Ȼֶ֪̽Σǲ̫ʵģҶļʹǹҲ޿ɺǡ
ҵļ䣬ϲʲôͿʲô㣬Ը⿴һ㣬ﻶϲĺءҶĴһЩ۵ǳ̾ʲôһնͶĿ⡣
α˵Ҷ֪ЩҶĵ뷨ˣΪ˳˳ŸղŵĻ˵ֻ˵֮ͬ꣬ϲⲻǸá
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Ҷ֪Ĭ߿˵ΪʲôѵԼҶħйع֮
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Ĳ۾Ͷƽʯӣˮ֮ʱңأһʯӶԳˮףǺ¹Ǩһء
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֪˵ʲô𣿡ҶԹԵؿʼģ𽪳̬Ҷ֪﹧Щϻ̳Ͽ֣ʦСʦ֪ܲҲͰˣôܸء
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˵ˣҶ֪ĸͷػӿԷԼ֡
Ҷջ֣ȼԷ̾һѣ˼ԵҪ㿪ֵÿһգ㶼ԡ˳˵ֻҪ¸ҵһҵ־粻ճˣ㲻ңΪĵ׸ܽݣ֪ûôݣ߳ա
Ҫô߳Ҷ֪ȼһͶߵĴʱ죬Ȼ磬ȡԵľָһһӣѪ˲ҶһѪλشϮһֻͷǣֻһ˽Ҳˡ


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Ҷ֪£ﻹзĵʦԻĺǳȻײҶ֪ĶС
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Ҷִ֪˫һˣһͷ­ȼգҪڣȴһµʽӺȻǰȰ˵һǾǶǿīȾһ˳
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ǲɵˣָ̧Ҷ֪ƤЩ۾˵Ҳ֪ǰװģҵʱ⣬ѵڻȥˣˣоǶ˻ţѡᶨľ˵գų֣ûŤתһܻᷢϵĻ¡
Ϊ˰οҰգҶ֪ƿ֣ûй۾
ļ΢ü̧ǰ˻Σ̾Щ¶ˣҶҪͻзú̸̸ҲýЩĪθкʹЩ˲ǡ
ú˵ΪʲôҪҶ֪˲䲶׽⼸֣۾ֵɴ˼֡
۾ҲβˡΪ˵
Ҷ֪춼ϲˣæ˫ٿȻסּɫţĿֹݣ˵ղֻֻҵİգҶϹˣ˵𣿡
ţħɢ۾󼸴ѪУǲǺöˣɫΪס֣˫ָЩ峺ͫﵹӳԼǳЦ⣬˵û£ҲſģϹҲ㡣


68 ̤þ
ֽŽȫ Ҷ֪˫ǰȽԶܿЩˣ˱Լµˣ ź˵ˣ ˿ɱֱˣ  ƴƴ˾ͺˣͬЩ֮֡
µˣ ôͷߣ㵹ǻԼʽĵ˽᲻ǣ׷ģ ˭·˷ۣᣬ Էδؿ壬ֻԹԵؽ˵ԼʵǱܵӪصģ ǵĿܲݵ⡣
ݣԼð
Ҷ֪һʱҲָ֪ ָҲûʲô˵ֻЩյš˶Էһѣ˵ôˣ㳤úã ͹ˣ
´ֺݵ㣬 Ƶģ˺ˣ ҿɲЦɫЩ˵ˣұ˳ܿ㲻ǲ뽫˵·ŴӰ쵽յĻԵҴûдĻɣǵҶ˵͵ȵħ߽׵ħ׳Ƴħ뿪þ֮صˣȴӪеˡ
޲ûΪǰ㣬ӿ˰Ҷ֪𷽲ŵĻսرҶĵı֣һҪ˵ʲôһֱǵ֮⣬Ҳ˵йأΪͽָӱֻȱ飬Щף˹еɢ
ɫЩɣӻ˵ңգûгΪ֪ħйأΪޣָӵĽһֻǵҪϣ۾ԽǽӽڣԽܹˣǲΪܸӦǲħȻս֮еǲԼ˵ģڽһħӿ˽ˣΨһްǰٿĪ𣿡
Ҷ֪˫ΪﲻЩ۾֮ǰĲ²⣬Щ϶˵£ֻٺƬ̣ˣȻΪܼ˳˿ɱ󣬺ˣ֪Ҫ˵ʲôⶼǲ²⣬޼ѰͱЩˡ
ʿͨɲ²ʱΪ󵨣ƾ޾׳֣Ҷ֪˶ƾʵݵִ֮⣬ٻɣоݵȥ˵ţͬҶҲǰŪǷǣʲôģʲôжϡ
ֻҶ֪һһ˵֪ңһ϶˵Ǹ黹ʲôܶҡĲݣ˵۹⣬ֻԼıġ
ǶԵģѲõʦֶεǸˣôҶ֪
֪ڹħļ֮£ʦһܣǾۼħޣɲֻΪһ㣬Ҳҹͻᶯ˰գ罫ƾͼƣĶ磬Ҷ֪££ȡһ֧ɫƵӸ䣬̾һ齣Ǻãɾǽ̫˳ˣػسǰͷЩģϲɫ
Ҷ̧֪ӣָ˸˵Ǽʲôʱģô֪
ԿɲֻŸˣóǼҶ֪ԼĻƶϣҶ֪ķֿԼЩЦ⣬ҲҪһģһĶһԡ
ϲƷںܾǰҶ֪Ȼ֪ģķӦûڴǵʱɫҲͼ˸Ҷ֪ĸϲðˣҶ֪һͬصͷϵ˶ϵ˵˵ûЩǷǷţҲصʲôĩ֮ңԸԸһҸɽˮĵطӣģӰеĵط
ûһͺˣǲɽˮ㣬ϼ꣬Ҳܿɽˮ÷羰ǧЦӦ
ʲôɽˮĳҶ֪Ŀȴ׺ǻԣ飬ϺδǷ羰ǧ
²ģҹӪؾͲ֪ӺηХ˸ϵ⣬ͼƱ£޴˷Ϯ
Щͽ޳ӴҲʲôѶԸģҾ֮ƫͻħޣԵʵˮ㣬̬
ҶĴӸϵ˽ձµ⣬һһƣȴȥ¥գΨ
һеͽ׵˵˵Щɢޣ˭֪ǲ˶𡣡
ˣħˮˮؾ֮Ҳδй档
ǿҶʦ𣬷Ųվһġ

Ӫذ￪⣬һһ˵죬Ҷ֪һͬ棬˵ָ㣬ϸϸԱÿһϸڣĪ˵ǺҹƵϸ˱˵¶ԶϿھ֧֧ġ
Ҷ֪һۣص˵棬תָһƬɷ˵ǿɲһҪ֪ǴӺǱȻҪͷȥİա
ңҶҲеģ··ҲˣĲ֪ǴӺζݸЩҲǴض㣬ָһԵʯͷ˵˵ʯλʦôǿء
ǣˣǿʯָ˿Ҳαһ˳̾˿ɫΪա
Ҷ֪ȻЩһԼѵҲ޷ʶ
˵ͷԷַſˣ˵ۼһƬ«έʯݶڡ
ҿӪظ޲𣬵ȵȣǺʱ«έģʵ
뽪ʦں˵ʱҾƼˣѵһ·𣿡Ҷ֪ɻ˼Ƭ̣𲻽ɫִһһ֧ݵϣ˵ѵǲʶ«έ𣿡
ֻ̽Ƕ˺죬˵ǿȥˣĪٻصڡ
ǶһĪ뿪𷽲ŴɽȡһӨ˿߲ԼҶ֪ϣ˵۾壬߶ˣûҪ˶һȵ߿ɺã
Ҷ֪תһ«έǣֺСĵرܿʯӣźߵķ򲽲ӽ«έԶͦģУǰ㲻̹ʱʱʹ«έϣǼ⣬ܲѡ
硣Ҷ֪һʱ˸磬«έʧ֧˲ɨ˹Ǹֵ֪ģϽعñ˵Ҫһ䣬Լﻹʲôˣգȷ˴Уʵ㻹𣿡
ڣҲ˿˵㻹ҵߣ˵˵ˣҲҪţһֱڡ
ɿü«έҶ֪ʵ
δǼᶨһ·ڱܿϵʲôҲ
Ҷ֪֪«έҲͷģת«έźȥ˵ʯӶ࣬Ҳ֪ôģҺ֪ȥˤƵģǰ«έˣ·ߣСġ
ʵ˿ңҲ˵˰գ
Ҷ֪ЦһֽսЩ˵ܲǶ˶ˣ˵ߵˣһ㶼ƲİϹȻһӰ춼ûС
ûлӦϰԵƫͷ˵˵һҪǺˮôá
Ȼû类֪˻浽ʱĻȫȻŵģֳԻ𣿡
ٴתѰҶԷӰ֮ʱȻ˫һ⣬һͷҪһѻ죬ԼǴЬģɴ˿ȴǳʯϣ̹ǵĺˮűûйԥ̾űе«έȥ
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Ҷ֪һͺٿȻһ⻬ʯͷȫްֿɿ֣ˤ«έԣſֵɲǣֻһˡ
һһλἫ˵ˣһϮ°ֻվںߣ޶£«έ֣Цݾ
лҪ˵
дİ￪ָǾңԶûõλ˼


69 ·
˭Ҷ֪ﻷܣ ǺߡˡʲôѵһˣǱʲô
ԼմȾ«έ Щɻȥλ毺õӣ ˵ĿᶨƵڿԼķ ɫǱҪãȻ⣬ ŲʵЭˮҪϥˣ𣿡
ϥǣ
Ҷ֪Ͻͷһۣ ˮҲŵСȣŻС
ʦңأҪˣ Ҫ
˭˵
ˣ ʦ
Ҷ֪䲻ͯգɾزʶĶˡ
ͯȻ˼⸽ûˣ ˣ ҲӦǡ
˭ԼһΪʲôҪ

Ҷ֪˲̧ͷۼԭӦվںߵ˾ǽǰкȻЩȻ޴룬 ָоȻģ Ǳ˵ģֱй Ǵ˿ֺԼġ
ԷۺЦԼ֣ʶ˺Ҫ˵ݣȴǶȲˣ̾ϢѾˣôˤʦĻΪһ㶼ûϣ˵ʲô㲻ˣˣָʦǻؼˡ
ؼҡҶ֪ૣ˫ۺȻһڼ֮ɫʹؾֻһԼ֣ڤڤУֵֻ֪¶ȣɾڼɲǣ˾ɢת˲ҪΪޣһ󳹹ǵİ˻ӿۿͱ˺Ѱټ
Ҷ֪ＸǷҲƵ˵ڰߣ˫ͽ͵ˮһδ𣬷ˮӳŵ¹⣬ֿ϶ץסˣֱĵҲǺˮǻɳ˫ۻعͷĿĮһС
һȫľɫ޹⣬Ƴصضѻţʱоױ֮д󣬷ŭһʶΪһԱϵĻ
ħߣ
һǻްٿȻһƬҶ֪ڱתܣǰɳȥ·õ˼£Ȼ޷ɳ۾Խǿɳģ׾ԽԿûбѡǰΨһĻ·
䡢½Ьǹ˴ֲڵɳÿǰϼ÷Զɴ˿ӯļȴƣǻֺ̿ԹޣȱļһĻĻǰ֡
ɾΪλһСúѿ񷲼ҹ
ڷҲ޳ˣ²λɽҲǸЦ
ҹɾǿɶƼˣĪǻƣ
˵޳壿
ǲʦͽ𣿡

Ҷ֪ͷѣЩ䲻ģȴôҲ֮ȥħʤħȻԼԼɶĳЩһֱرΪ̹ȻܵżѵĲӣǱ֮ʱһֻ֪Ӻδܳβһɨڵأײʹȴδ֡
Ҷ֪ЩãȻĵ棬Ȼſ滹̹ͦģаԸпţ˶ˣֵ
ǰȥˣٲġ
һĺ˲佫Ҷ֪ʶ˻ãȻĹˣľȴˤ֮ǰЩͬЩ˵ĸоڣɷԶ˻λ°ġˡ˿˲û˺ߵķɣΪߺ½ȾѪҶ֪˳֮ʱ𾪣ûаʹĸоˡ
ҲҶ֪ӦʶԼ˵ʲôЩȵס죬˷ǵûͣ½Ųɫ԰㲣Ҷֿ̧֪䵽ԼĵɳΪУӼᶨ˵Ҳ㣬ҲҪٹˡ
ʦԾ㣬ʦǻ̫«έδ㲻ٿǻؼҰɡԽӽԽʹ࣬ɫ԰׼ûѪɫھ߲ʱ򣬺ȻסĿͷڵأʱһƬ졣
ʦ𡭡Ҷ֪ظһƺһɺ죬ָ΢΢ŲЩļֻҪ˽ӽͻˣٲ뿪ǰǻȥġ
ԥҲûΪ˴˿̵˵һο֮뿪ȥ·ֻǷ籩ġǰһǰ˺ѷεغǰһԤ֪ľ·ǸԷ飬ûѡ
ڷɳԽԽ󣬵Ѿûгʱ۵ĸо׼һ֮ʱٿȻһǲ֪ʲôǿק˻ȥһεȻס壬ѲãԿܡ
ʲôſңҶ֪ԽǽյԽֻ˿ҪɫٿȻǵͨ죬ղѣ֪˭
ߴһҰˡ
㰮˭ʲô£Ҷ֪һ仰ճڣͼǰ
ôЩˣ˫ȦճִҶ֪ǰǶһףͷת˵⻯ĹĻĻ֮Ҷ֪ǻĮĻ֮ȴޡ
ɿ˭𣿡סҶ֪ļУЩãɻҰ˭ν𣿡
ǶԼŴڻþ֮еĺƽˣҶ֪ͷ϶Էļ磬ֿ̧ԼտҲָ̾𣬵һȥˣһȥʽ嶩һöµĽָ
ᵤ˵ǣ˵֣ɽ˻ȥ
ãǾþòܽᵤķɲǰ㶼زסˣҶ̧֪ͷǰȣΪпԭֻΪ֮õǸöҲǣóֵļǷƷӾʶƻ󣬿ϧΪ΢òˣ˵ϻļǼң֧ġ
㰡Ǹ̾еش˸㡱
ֲǸҶ֪ᵽ⻰е壬ޡһɫЦˣҷſĻ㿴˶٣
һ֪ͼһһЦģһ·㰲ȫҲٵյزŽ㻽ѣҶ֪ദþˣؼɫ;Цúÿ޵ҲÿƽˤһЩ⣬ӵˣĶ֡
Ҷֻ֪˷Ӧ죬ûᷢһֿЩȥһνյǸʲôҪһͱָק˻ȥ
һɫ˵ƼȱӻĲ֮ˣҷֿɲ˻֮С
㵹Ҷ֪ת࣬ʮһȻɫָǰɳĵط˵ٿǰѹѹЩɫأ
ֻԼ֣ЩĪֻչסҶ֪ļ磬žźЩ˵һѣûʲôر𣬵֪ǳ
ط𣿡Ҷ֪һ·Ǹֱߣ֪ʵǸʲô
㣬һҹɽˮɽʯֱֱΨһͨķ϶ֻ㲻ţ˵ҿţЩҶ֪ȻסԼĶüĿ΢ֱʵڻþпʲôˣôһôģ
Ҷ֪ע⵽Լǲֵ֣Ȼûס˼һѣڨڨջ֣˵⣬ⲻֿ˱˵ļ䣬˼Сͽܾô§ʦġ
˼Сͽܣʲôͷ۾Ҷ֪쵽Ӹľ̬һ·޵ö࣬Ǽʲôˣ
û壬Ҳ֪Ƕǰļ䣬ĺܣһûȥҶ֪ȷ磬̹Ȼң˵ļǱ˵ģҾͬľҲͬľ񣬲ȻֻĻҪЩ
磿Щ
Ҷ֪˫ۻЩѵɣԶһθȫòһǿ϶ģ˵ңϲ㣬ͻ⣬֮Ҳã̫Ҳգ֪ҪʲôȴƫҪǿԡ


70 Ϭ
˵ Ҿ;þˡЦӯӯزŪҶ֪ͷ
Ҷ֪ЩŤӣܾǻл̾ʲôģ Ҿʱˣ Ǹˣ ĺܲף Ϊӣ֪Ҫеѹ𣿡
˵Ĳ ˡ
Ҷ֪˵˵˭֪һתͷȥ˼Ҿ˹ һ룬΢ȵĶ ˵ǻҪʵһЩЩ㿴ĵ£Ƕϲᷢϵġ
Ϲ˵ طʺ𣿡Ҷ֪̹ ϣǰһڿɳж׽٣һоһء
һ·ÿμתг嶯Ҫ㣬 㶼ûΪҿ޹أ ܾİĳشЩ΢ۿĿѹ ֻ϶ŹԣҶ֪ʰ׵һ⣬ҲĶԴһ˵⣬ǿóȫԼİִҪɾ͵һ£ʹôףԻţš
㶼֪ΪζҲŲҪΪءҶ֪˵ԹԵǺķȥȻ˿ĲͬȶԱȶϸڡ
ȻѾͻϵģ粢ż磬СŴǣοǷĻ˵ҾǷҲҪһ㿴˷붼ܿ޳ĸġ
ɻǵڵΪĻԺ󶼲Ҫ˵ˡҶ֪ｫĻڴ˲䣬һѸջ֡
ʹֹǻǰլԺӴѪħʱˣŻþ֮Уɾǰٲħħ
ǰħԨҶ֪϶
˵϶ͨĳħסĵطôҲף˿Сʯȥþûл
ǵģ˵ҵĻþӦΪļ䣬䲢һƬ«έǹ᳹Թ޺ͱ˵ģͶ·ӦþҿĻþħԨҶ֪̾˿ֺܲؽϵ龾ȻԷĽָҲְգֻǣĶԷøһ£նֵʱûʮİտõˣûôģ
һָģ˵ͲһˣˣϵֻҪϲ֧䡣
ĨˡҶ֪ǳЦűͷҲöԷЦգֻֽĻ⣬û룬ħ俴׻ǻþǰ㶼ʹˡ
ȻҲԣЦӯӯָָԼĴƵǰԼϵĻ£úִ˶ññ³˳סһ˫Ц΢˸Ѱ˼ôһػ۾һζûԹأҪҵȵã뿴϶֮ʲôöЩɳǡ
Ҷ֪ҪеɻһȴδڣȻͱһƿֻһվ𶯣Сģ
תۼ䣬ǰٴα任أһģϻжԷµĶ񣬻Ҫһʱ֪ΪΪˣվűΪɳӰ߿£ͻȻΪصþ
Ҷ֪һһδڣͱԼȻ˿קǰ㵹Ҳ֪ǲΪӰ쵽˿߾ˤ˲˿Ҷ֪һɣϽΣһεѹȻŶ˿
ŲҪ߶±ϸĹ۲ߵķ紵ݶһȻȻԳǸϹþȴܿµŷ֣ǰϹȫʧ
ɣӣɣ㱾Ȼһ㣬ѱ棬翣һֻεҶ֪Ķߣ̹ǣս
˭Ҷ֪תԴڶϵĺʲôûС
ɾ·ˣɣӦĵطǺȻ両һȴǻþλɾ
ҲǣǡҶ֪ͷȻֱǸ˳˵ļռݣͷҲʶ㣬Ұǡ
𣿡
̧˲䣬رãһŶƹװòŮӺȻǰŮӶһɰĵһ˳ķ۰ƽЩɫִһοյͭҶֵ֪ͭȴһ˵Ӱ
һϮʤѩ׷ޱ߽ɫ׺֮ʱĿˮ飬ƫһʣЦ
ִͭŮӣЦȻϰ˶Է飬˵㰮ˣ
ôᡭҶ֪
Ҫɹ֮ģ￴ԼʦɲУŮӼɻǰ˻Σֵȥ˼Ѱҩˣ˵㣬ɾõЩ㵹Ǻãÿÿ˼һԼ˭ǲˡ
˭Ҷ֪￴ȻֵһӰü˭
ⲻСͲԸϬ𣿡ŮӽεüĿ΢壬ֵҲǣԼ˭ǵˣﻹǵˣ⻨ɲϬӳģɾ֪㲻ϲЩ֣һԼǰȥˣҿһģ֪͵·䣬ⲻ͸ɾǰ䡣
ǸϬӺյʲôҶ֪浣֮ɫ϶˾ӣǷŻӳŶӰľ˿ȴԼģ
ŮҲգˣûպãȥ˿飬ֻԽе̾Щ˼ֲһˣɹ˳ϣɹʦǰŪЩǷǣⱾͲ濴õļߣҪˡ
˵ָҶ֪뵽һ㣬ȴЦˣܡ
£ֻˣͱǱĶ
⻰һ䣬Ҷ֪գ۵˲Ȼڻ֮УܻЦ裬ȴֵɲˢˢؿ˹ЩЦݺСҶ֪ﲻһЩѰĺѣת˲ͱԼȻǿԹ֮ȡٹЩɼҰ̬ǰûǰǰüĿŤݣЦáħ֡
ԶǰɾƴϬӵĺ⣬Ȿɼʢ磬ϸǸƽɴ˿̵Ҷ֪ȴڶӶĿⲽǲ˵ĺаһƾͽǾյڵأ֮δڣͱһ⣬ۼΪǸӹһˮһ
ŭ˫ۣȴִǶŮӵ˾ƣÿ£㻹֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ھ˶Ҷ֪סͷЩǳĿڣȴֲǳıġ
һϬݣѣͲҵȹɰ࣬ѡǽҩŮӵ翲ŹкͿġ
ɱҶ֪߬ȭʲô૵ұѰǧ磬ܾʦĲϬݣȣӦá
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71 ħԨ
סЩ䲻ģ ʱӴй飬ϣͬľ񡣡
ң ôҶ֪һ࣬ ԭʻʵѪ ȴ ֱսᣬ һйƽ˫ۻ㱼ָһ˲Ĺһ̣ĮϾĲһϬ仨
⻨ ֮˵ľҩ
Ҹô૵
ͷѪȥֻҪ˻ ͿÿժһƬҩ㰮˾ͲˣԸ㣬֪ Ϊɹ֮գ ǰ֮֮ʱֻҪֻҪõ󷨴Уǵļң ߲ȥ ͻһֱԡ
ħƣǣ꣬ Ҷ֪ҡҡͷвʱȰ˵ѣ˵ѣǴġ
ȴǲܿƵ˵ţ˵ѣ˵ֻҪҺúУ޳壬һжģǱΪ⣬ΪǱǻͬҫΪҪУ뻯ǣƫҪߣͬ
㲻ңҶ֪źţ۾˻һ亹ĵ飬ȷǲʲôϬ仨ƽЩ磬ûлĮ췣ûзɳ죬£ҲʲôٲħԨһͨĵѡ
ʹͷתȻһƷϮδӻþȫȻعֻü̧Լƣĺָ˼룬һֻս֣Ϊһֵĵ⣬ȭ֮ʱָһöǶī̱ʯɽ䣬Ҷ֪ＫΪϤġ
׹¿ɵĴ϶ŵػһ˵֣δκλӦ׹֮ʱ齣ʹٵҲ޷϶ףʶɻµʿҪ뿪Ҳ޿ܡ
֪׹ʲôʱǸͷҲÿ磬ٲˤ̯̫࣬ѿҲ֪ʱ֪֪ĸԼʬһ񶼼ô졣
뷨һ˲һֻȻָԶȥˣҶ֪ٶȣɿܵ졣ܼҲһˣ׹ħԨϸǸҰգԱ۾˫ֺʮЩİꡣ
Ȼ䣬䱻һ϶Ȼһ̶죬۾ֻһʯϻ䣬һҫĽʯڣǹͬʱҲһĿޱȡ
Դһ춼ЩʲôȻЩյġ
ôŵ㰡ܴδζʬ޴档Ҷ֪ɫҲû϶١
ʱ̧ܣһؽһڻŭԾȲĽأĽƲֻӰУɲȥأôƽôҪʱȴô¶ˣ
㲻ҪվﲻҪ𣿡Ҷ֪һαôԼһߵʱþ˼ҵĶԼİ׹µı֣һίӿͷۿһỬʱ򣬾Լסˡ
ħ˸Ϊ͵ģһ·ֲ֣㣬ҲǷ˵㣬Ҳ֪ᷢô£ҴˣҲáһֱˣһŽ˿飬۲ѣȴڲֻ֣ܸż
˭ҪǸˣ˭ҪˣǲɵҶ֪﷢ʣӲΪȵĴˣҲ뽲ȥȶԷ࣬㲻ǴԱǾͲҪ治ǲ֪ģң֪ңôã㻹ﰡ
ˣҴˣ治ǹģǹңջ˵ҪΪҿޣ̫ˣԣҪղסˡ⻹治ڿţֻͷҲģҲģĶܡ
ãõĺܣˣҼסˡҶ֪Ȼģ˵ʲôܣǷ·𿴴һˣˣԼղŻָԷԼˤɵ࣬룬ǲŽѿǲˡ
Ҵˡ
Ҷ֪ﱻƺ˲ʲô߰˼ûˡ
㲻ϲ飬ĥһĸΣҳˣԺҲִ᷸ˡ
ĸΣⶼʲô߰ĳƺкˣ浱Ǹ˾ŵСˣҳˣɲġ
Ҷ֪۾һתƳ·µףٽ磬Ϊû˴ĳƺȥգ˭֪˼Ұ㲻⣬ȻȻؽǸһ½ҹˡ
ĸΣ涪һ𿴿˳Ŀ⿴ȥ
ôҡҶ֪Ͽ飬ȻȼһŻ
㻹ϲһ𣿡ŻϱҲḻ࣬üʾ춪
Ҷ֪ûص˶Էһֻۣһ̰̬ȣ˵ôʹ㣬ûеֻ֡
һ˵ĻҶ֪ΪЦˣɲöԷֵ⣬ͷ㿪ߣ׳һ𣬿Ҳ׹һ˸ߵľ룬һ޴ϣ;ᱻȼؾǽסҶ֪ҲǴ´ࡣ
ѵһξԼǸ˵ģûȣҲ֮ݡ̧ͷߣ˭֪˵ãӦͰγ齣һ֮ϡ
Ҷ֪ܷŹôõԷĻᣬ˵ô嶯ͰνӲס˿ôá
ҳ嶯ˣһиõİ취жϡɫϿңЩ̵˼
Ҷ֪죬һ»ǳԤϣЩִٵִѩһûһµ˵ͱ¶㶫Ի᲻ơ
ķ϶סһпɣֻһСð˼
Ͷ¯ʲôģִصİաҶ֪˵⻰ͺˣһʦ¯ʲô
˭֪һ˶Ż˻ΣǶԴһƣȻͰ˸¯һ˵˵ˣҿŵ棬ȥ˵ɡ
Ҷ֪һ˵¯ȼ˻һһ˪ߣҲֵɽ쬵ģǸЩůͣԼղίľ״һʡ
Ҳôġ
ǣҶ֪֣̤źȴůѱ̾˿˵ԣڱҴһλþ֮󣬲Ʋֺʧ˷ľ׹öûԽ̱ڣԻ̽׵ģһλˣ
һļãſ͸ģҶ֪˫ڻҫԣĿ⣬Ǵĵ׶ξض侲˼ľ塣
ڵʱ״£˻þĸţͷȷʵһƬհˣȷǸɫ˸ʵʵһɫʵݵҪɱĲԼΪֵɲǣģƼǸȻûгηǹ±ߣ֡
ںʵĲۼԶȥǿ̣νǻ˵Ǳ˹ģ˲˵İţֻҪ˷ֿ˺µģɫˣλԼյҪֽ
ͣ˲ӣعӵ뻳ȴѵõûϸλ״ֻ˳ͷᰲʱѽܣվû̷ųȣΪĹңЩǸΣӦòҪɱȻЩε㣬Զԡҡ֣ѾΪˣ㣬Ļ𣿡
ԲңҿĻ̫ˣɶܱħ˻᲻ҲɼҶ֪ץסۣ徹΢΢ŲҲҲžΪδزߵһ죬Ҫ˺㣬һԭˣ˵Ĵȥ׷ݱԴ
ɵϣϣ㿴һ˵αƣʹʲôԭ٣ҪԼΪվЦº͵˵Ҷ֪֣ǣķȥ
㵱һ۾ͿˣҶ֪
һʮİħ㣬ƢҲ˫ŭգ޲ҪҰԭͬ𡣡˵⻰ôֵһǻѪ
Ҷ֪ڶԷⷬۻΪͬģʵȻ㿴أ
Ժίˡ
Ҷ֪ڡˡ֣ԲܽܣҼᶨԼµĶɱҡɫǿݺݵս˶Է֣˵ǱþӰǱģ
Ϊ㰮ҡһ仰ҭֻѰ˸Եͷָǰĵأѵ˼ҵ¶ߣ㲻Ѱ·Ϊ֮
⻰ɫЩˣһѽҶ֪קǰĺ󱳼ǰУ˵ԨţҲǿŲĲӣ˾ˣһǸ߲źá
Ϊ˵һùˣҾͻ𣿡ô˵·̬ǰںˡ
֪֪Լʲôʱɰ𣿡β̾ÿοķǻΪҲ֪ʱ򡣡


72 ңɼ
˵Ż ۼžҲ֮ңˣҶ֪Ҳȥƽ϶ԷԼķһµһһ֤֮˭ҲǵòȻľӣ ֻֻҪ˸Լ߾ͺã ƶЩء
ࡣҶ֪Ҳٶһοķǡ
һǵһôء˵⻰ЩԺ
Ҷ֪ﹴ˹Էָ һعȻ º͸ЩЦζ˵Ǻң ܿһɽҡһһֻߴߴСȸ
ڽģҲǴǰϲҶһŻ࣬һЩء˵ĻҲδ⣬˵ֱ׳
Ҷ֪ҪЦһ ȻһƣһЩûվȣ ǺܿסΣȴǱ֮˲һѣЩ⣬Цһ£ ҲܹڳĶӡ֤ա
һӲʾ; һ˽Ƶóŭת𼸾䣬ȴһֻ˶Ȯݺڱ֩˵ķ򿿽һëֱ ʲô¼ССֶƽˣ ֻɫʱ԰ףһķͷ
ϨĵĻ ˵ȷʵǻˣֻȻﾪˣ֪նħҲڻ£ԭ֣ţСӣ
СӣҶ֪ＦƤ񶼿һˣ֩Ϊ䣬һͻӲףϸŵĸëһˢ
ƼСӱϵĻˣȻǲ׼ĳƺ
Ҷ֪ɰûѧ˼صһ۾͹ˣ˭ϸƣѲ㻹ҪݻƸһ޳ԭʼĿΣҲҲһ㶼֪ҸҾͰ㶪⣬Լһˣˡ
ϵĻѪħĺۼǻȥģѪ⣬͸ЩѪɫĹŻҶ֪ӵ£ܼЩĽǣ˭֪Ҷ֪ﾹס˿ڱǣŻⷬȻֻע⣬֩ǷӦƶ
һҶ֪ļ磬һº͵Ľ˲佫˰Χ͵棬Լٳ⽣ɹĿ겢֩롣
ֻΧ֩벽ǣƣȻ׽Ӱεֻֻ֩аȣЩҪ˸ᡣ
⽣ǵؽƷʹԪӤʦ䲻ʹãҲֻ߶Ϳɷӳ޴и𡰴һҫ
һϢ֮ȫȻѵ˲䣬δ֩׹䣬ȻһԾ֩Ѫѵı̤գ䱳һѩͨ͸ıӡǡһ⽣ֱӯصڽϣĿ̧۵ɲǣ·ֹѸ򽣼£ֻ޴֩붵ס
ѹԽ£ֻתһǱ֩˲Ϣ׹䣬ֱҳһԼĪһɵӣǽһԾصȻȼһػҶ֪ߣԷǳЦ˵ͷ
Ҷ֪̻⣬׳ѩӰһʮһΪſӶԵ棬⽣һĨص˲䣬һƻǰյѩһˮ̳ӰˮȦᣬֱɱչγɵı潻ںϡ
˼ѳɣջ齣ߵǱıԵ͸ı֮һƬǵĺڡ
ָȼһػϸؽ⽣һ飬ŶҶ֪˵صϮ㲻ɳǿӦԣģһһ
ʵնɱֹ֮֩ħı⣬ʹûҶ֪֣Ҳ׾٣Ҳڴ˵ػҵˡ
һǻһĶãշ֪С㣬ô̶̼ϢĹ⾰㻹ܳսˮ鷢ӳҶ֪˿֮飬ԼֻһĶӦԵϣĻܵƿһ˵ɲǾͼȥһ֪ܲ˳ϣһ˲Լϵһֻġ
Щ֩һֹ񣬸˵ǰǶ˶ͯ䣬ۼֶĳʬ޼ɵشֶķθĸоѸġ
˿Ҫһǲǵ³ӣǶȻϵġ
ܴȳٿعˮ飬ǴΪƶʵãղһ㣬ӦˡӲĶҶ֪ĿޣҶֵ֪á
ʵһܿסôķΧҶ֪̹ԡ
ֻҪһҾͺˣЦЦý˴Ӳı棬ֵΪԶ㣬ǫҪֻʱѡ
Ҷֻ֪Ц˻ãڶԷǰǫҲ˵ǰֹԪӤһֻһңԶķܶĿ꣬һ޳ԪӤѵҲһ¥ԼԷԶһ󲽡
ʱ֮ˣοнֺγ㣬Цºͣڱһѡһ·ѵõһһǣŶԷߣʵǲһע⵽Ǽһˣ
ôܲƽ޹ʵȴ֪ʱֵķĿ͵Ҷ֪ԼϣĶڻˣҲСűܿȥҶ֪ﲻϲĶŴǣ˵ֶϰԣЩˣҲûã¯ҲûӦƽҲûиʯʲôģȻϰΪ˸ա
Ҷ֪²ףֻСȸԵδˣֻЦЦ˵㻰ô࣬ɶ˵ġ
ˣֻȻһ黰Ρ
Ҷ֪Цֹǽ˼ҵĺΣȴô˵ҲȥԷϾ黰˭մֻСĹء
ԴӲػþܾЩڤڤע϶֮¾򵥣ڴ˵ػҲаšǰҲ׹˵أ˵ûŴţ棬ҲǸ˼Ҽ˸Ĳ͡
ʱΪûߣܸûߵ϶ǼпڻþĮˤʱʰ˲׺Ĳо֪ιʾˡ
ûп뿪ҲֻһһνˣҲֻԼ߰ա
ںڰнƾһػһʯţȻ˭Ҳûᣬ֪·ǵͨϷԽŵص׶ȥ
Ҷ֪ﲻԼľϣһΪֱصǰҲһ·ɹֺѰŻƣǰС
Ҷ֪һٱԹˣҪһ·޾֮ʱָ֣ǰ΢ɲһ΢⣬˵ǰй⣬·ӦǶԵġ
صһǧҲô˵ġҶֳ֪ȣ˵ǲܵģص׿⣬Ҳ֪Ƿ¶˼ˣǿž˵еԼɱϾ߶Զÿǲǡ
Ϣһ°գ˯һҲû£㣬Ƶǰƣ㲵۲ѣ̧ÿһɢĶԼļ˵ҲԿҵļ˯
ǲҪˣܾ·ӡܲ˰ģЩնɱ˵ĻãҲΪ΢ﲻæܻЩƵģһֻǻ᲻ǰ浱й𣿡Ҷ֪ŶԷֱۣվֱЩ
ǣҿȷ
Ҷ֪ͷļ磬ȴֵĸоֻ˼Ƭ̣Ȼ̧§ס˶ԷĲͷ˶ԷĴһȣŨҵϧһ淲֪αﰮëͷСӣֻ˳ԼıһζȡŶԷĻӦ
õˣӵеĴλӰСհϵķǣδңԶǹӽΪԷˣһҰ㡱
ǡ
Ҷ֪˫ֻ䵽ļ࣬ʹĿ⣬˵Һ¡
Щ𣿡δɽһлعֻ˱Խˣڣ㺦ʲô
Һ£ǻزȥˡ


73 Ȼ
زȥˣ Ҷ֪ԼͻȻıԼһ·Ϊ˻ȥ ֻͨ
㣬 ʦʲôʱأҶ֪Ȼһң ָڶԷԿص΢ţ ˵Щš
֪ôˣ˵ħһ£ 𻹴δҶ֪ģԼ˿̴ÿʲôĿ־һ򲻷˵˺£
Ҷ֪ҡҡͷ𾱼䣬жã ǵȲ̫ã㣬 Ұա
ǲǸӦʲôˣҶ֪ЩͼԼĻĵսֱۣȰ˵ ʲô鲻ܸң ǲǸļ乲ˣǶǻþ㿴ң֪ ۾
۾Ҷִ̧֪Լ۾ һȴһŤ ̧䣬һĨ⸡ұˣ΢΢һ鶯һĿڣˣʦô֪㿴͸۵׵ħҷֺ
֪ѣָһⴥҶ֪ü䣬ȴǼаȵЦݸʢǺڰΨһĹԴڰ׽֯ѸھۼԱа
λѣΪô࣬Ϊʦ׹ħԨΪ㶷ϲ񷣬Ըķ磬ԸЩαƵɼҴͨˣҪΪβң嫵ʱҶ֪⸡֣һԶʤǰ˲ϢƣһԪӤʿҲѡ
Ҳʦ㿴˭Ҷ֪˿һᣬű˵ĿԼñָḧԼٺǳһȴҶ֪ˮ·Ͳһɷ˵ݡ
Ҷָ֪΢Сдſǻ˵㵱ȻʦҶħÿһգĶ㣬ӶңңһԨ㣬һҪ㣬㲻ȥ֮أһΪ𣿡
Ҵ㣬ǻ󡣡Ҷ֪ȻԷֻƬֻԼȻ϶Ļٲתȥ
ǰĹԽֱ䣬ŷһȫȻ·Ŀؽ磬չͬһ㱡ɴů˻Ȼڴĺɽɫ
ƬڼԼԼֹĺȴûвԵǶɱﻨ롣
Ҷ֪ﻺⲽߣ̧ǰһɼϣľʯ䵽ˮһָֿܲҪ֮ʱϤ꣬ȴ̫
ջ֣ãػع˵ⲻϣҵĵط𣿡
ٿˣ֪㿴ϵˣӰ㣬㲻Ҫٿˣ
Ҷ֪ɫ˫ۣ۵ɲǺƻָһ˵˭ȴǶŲɣתѩ˪磬Ǳһ˵Ӱ
ſڶĺ룬īɫɢһտɫķۣһƬƯˮ޿ĺ壬һϢ
ǵӦʲô㲻ٱļƭ֪㣬
Ϊʲô˵˴˿̵ЩԼϤ
ȥҶ֪ţϵ˵֮ˣȴǰɼҲ˿
һҪ𣿡
ҪҶ֪ĿȫȻڱ֮ߵĺӰǺӰһһײű㣬ϵҲˡ
һֳڱ֧ڷˮкתͷ֮ʱһ˫İ۾Ҷ֪ѪδʵЦ˵֪ңҶİ
㷽ħű֮˵ʲôҶ֪δĿ䣬̬߰
㲻ȥҶ˲Ϣ任ɫŭĿӡ
ŶҶ֪Цһ˿Լذ׸ɾ˫֣üϵˣ·һֻǱ˫־òմȾѪҲ챾Ķˣ
ҷѾ˼ҪҲáҶ˫ָϱ棬һּΪƹһιһĻǱ֮µĺӰ⸡֣ζٶֹ˰ٱֻӰˮףҶ֪һǺӰٿȻһײ㣬Ҷ֮Ѹ㿪ѡ
Ҷ֪ɺһһǴһϮҶĵţ˭֪Ҷķ·ڵһ̣Ҷֻ֪ǰһźɢһҧг֮ʣͱһֿסһȦ
ǣҶ֪ħ󻺻ţŻ֪ħϲۿϧļ䳹սᡣ
͸֧Ҷ֪ħصʹͷ鴭̧֮ʱ˫Ȼγˮֻһ쳹ʣĮ֮дľһŭҶ֪˲ȴǱҶĴűܿ˱ѵģ˵˺ˮĶ԰
صɲǣһͨڣϲѪħƵƱ쳤Хұʯ䡣
צǡ
Ҷ֪Ｘڿ԰ǸȾѪԽ֧ڵǿάվ˵ʱ˲źȴǷһ
ʹգܿͻˣʵһ߷ѵ˵Ҫҷ𣿡Ҷ֮飬Ҷ֪Ŀ⾹Щġ
֪㲻ҪңⲢҵİţҲûа취һ·ߵվں߸ұҪ֪ʱƴػ㣬ϱЩѰҶһ´̣ѣ֪޷˵ͶҵĻж𣿡
ҶĸܵһˮֱɫȻɻ󲻽⣬֪ǿΪʲô˲ûЩˣû˹ҵģҲûµ£㻹з״ӣҲʦֻ֣ҪԸ⣬ҿ԰綼͸㡣
Ҷ˵ŻͷԼеƺѾЩβȣҶ֪̱Լı䣬Ȼֻһ̻ƴˣ˿Ȼɫ԰ףĻ
ҶĻסΪˣĿһ֮ɫҲȥ԰֮ǻǶỺ£Ҷ֪ﱳԼϥϣЩСҪḧӣֻħƵ𽥻ָ˳˵ķɫ
ħɢȥҶĵͷ˵ĳֵ⣬һδλҵļƻΪ˶£˵֪ͼҲһЩͺˡ
Ļ˵ǸЦûħѹƣҶ֪ѾõһڣڶԷ㶵һ˲һָҶĵۣŶԷʹ˵ļ϶׹˱㳹ڻĺ
һˮŵ㣬û˿ԥźȥǺˮһ̣˲ϢҶ·һȻϣˮ뿪
Ҷ֪ＸûȥΪҶڱʧȥĹʹʶҲظ֪ԼҪȥ
ָ̧֣ˮ棬Уһ°ɫҡҷ˵ת˲Ȼûġ


74 ׺ɣ
Զ˴覣 ѶħҪףԴΪڣ ҳȫ㡣

Ĺ 粻ѹħķĹ һ餣 ħΣ ˿ԷʡҶ֪°ɫ⸡̤ҶǶʱ֣ʱɢ Ŀؿ򿿽ʮ֮ңͲҶģ˵ɵħ ꣬ҲΌܣʲôħħ
˵ҪҶۣ ûҪң ҲԣҲǵһĶɱˣָô죬Ѿųȥˣ õһ̣ ؾĽȻȫʧˣֻҪ־ 㡭
ЩҶ֪ȻûȫҲںϣ̺İأֻҪõ˿Ҫľ͹ˡ
ħãǴռϷ磬ɾɲǣȻХһβײʯڣҲʣϢĻᣬ˿Щ룬ʯ֧š
ϵѪʯ£Ҷ֪￿˲䣬һѪŻһƬ磬ȴǺ޷ŶԷסԼû˴ǰĿˣѪ߲һ鷢ϣǱ
ΪʲôңҶ֪ŴΨһһԼǰˣִÿһƵϣԼϱػ˿ڣȻ޴£֪Լָ÷ƺÿһ¶Լ˵˿Ρ
˵Ҫȥǡ˫۵ĹڽҰŬذÿһ־˵ꡣ
Ƕҽӽܱ㣬ǻҪһɽˮĵطӣ˵ôֻ࣬һ˵Ϊ޵ġҶ֪ܸܵ˵¶ڽʧⲻӣôůӦҵġ
ʹ𣬾Ҷ֪ÿһκÿһ̹ǵıʹᶼƴŶĻʹÿһ缡бľ
ҶĵԶȴػصߣ֪Ϊֻʦ۸ˣԭֺҲαҼ֮ʱľδɢѵ߰õǸʲô飬Щһ𣿡
Ҷ֪˵
֪ģ񣬲ҪӰ졣ƣ۾ߵҫŵ㴿⣬ֱ̧һҶ֪ֱȴҲˡ
Ҷ֪΢ȥÿһѹԼħ֮ʱһůȴôģ˫ֵطŶѵסĶ䣬˵ÿһֶôСҲ˵ʲôˣҲҪûϵ㲻Ҫ˷ˣҴؼҡ
ʦֵǿҪˣȰ㲻ҪǶ㲻£һա
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ÿϢж֮ʱǽͻɢһ˲жħԾͻŭһ֡
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ĿѪһƬɺ죬Ǳ£ֱһҪߣҶ֪ؿϣһҲѳڣ·ͬʱߵĻĺС
Ӳ壬ΨһеķӦǰ˶˻ô˿ڣô찡û໹ܻ
ħ֣ǰ
Ҷ֪ﱧһû¶ǣ˫ۿնɺ˵ĺûϢ
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Ҷ֪˫ĿѪ˿ħ˿״ȴֻħԶԻ
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Ҷ֪ףȻҲҪֹħԵĹ
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˵ˣ֪ǵϣþ̫֮½ʢ
΢Ҷ֪ＸѪɫݣҲȾЩĿãؿֻħԾǶȻ˷ͣתŭϮĿҲǲƫеضԼʬ
û͸ҪһءҶ֪ｫʬţ˵̬ԷţŶԷģһֻè
ħԵǲ֮ңһǿѹ£ȵħͷ­ʹѣֻһֱġ󡱶֣ħԵʱѪת˲֮䣬ɢ硣
ڳˣҶ֪ȴһ˿Զסѹ̧ͷһˡ
һأֱǺˣôĵӡ
ǣǺǣҶ֪۶û϶Էһ£ֻ˱øˣЦֺγ˵֮䲢ȫȻûлͨǰĲĿ̹ǣ˱鵽ֵز˵㲻ǵãʲôˡ

ΣʦҪ𣿡Ҷ֪˻һԶԷݣȻڴ˵ֻͣʬһͬߣҲգ۵ĹǱ任˼䣬ǰ
ǰӭӵҶ֪λʦ֣˱ϹϾ񣬵ʦͻƺϵ
ȴҲǽ׳ŵ˾䣺СʦΪҶ֪չ֮ʱµģӷһҪʼĩ֪ʦ𡣡
⻰˵ϣɽȴۼʦ۹һƳٶԡ
ӳͻƺϵȵɣǣСͽһϢɲƽ֪ѹĻһ˾˺нжŵĲ˭ָ๡
ĵӣǴɣֲʦԼں˼ٲûء


75 ɾ
Сʦܣ ʦȥ
Ҷ֪½ͣƬ̣Ŀⲻƣֻƣػؽȥ𣿡
ǡűߣ Ҷ֪һѪ۵ıӰ Ŀİ ѵõЩػɫ ˵˵ģҲ֪ʦƢ ˣһʵ֪ġ
Ҳ֪Ҷ֪ﻹδָ˫ֲŸƽ½ϵ壬ѱѪȾʧ˽ɫ˿ߣΪԼнľˣԼһ޶ͷ·ȥë ֻʣ¸ָ̣ʹѣ ǲѪˣȴʹ顣
֪ĵײ֪Ǻζʦţȴֻлɢȥıˡ
Ҫң ǽɵˣҶָ֪΢ҫ ȴֻһʩһ䣬ˣ˲֪𡣡
Ҷ֪뿪ÿһ ٣ ˣɱԼ˫ۣ ƴöԷΪԼ⣬˭Ҳʵİ磬װ˯ѣ塣
ֺαء
߹δжĳȣﱾǱģʲôΪ¶ȣֱԼҲ¶ȣ̤Ľ磬һ½ྻ覣ɢ˳żк٣һ˫ɺŵ۾νȾ塣
δǸ߸֮˷ΪӸеĹǫǰ£һ͸΢΢˫ͷǰ֮ˣϵҶ֪ĸԸ뺮Ȼ꣬һδТʦϥ£δصӱ֣δʦٹ⣬ʵʦݣʦ֮ԣһղΨһʦݵһ档
㲻ˣûнͳȥĶջϰߡȴûнӹֻ˵
Ҷ֪ĿʹⷬǺľϵ˵һ飬ɱǼȻӿһѪĿڳʹǰӰһΣξάֹֻ̬һϵһᣬأջ˿յ֣ȴҲֿȥһ顣
˵աӵЩᣬҶ֪˿̵״̬û壬ֱԷ䵽ǰųµվ˿Ӧеľ롣
Ŀʼղӵֻǿžл
ӴУһʢŵɽ䣬աһУ˵̫龳ǱĵӣҲѿ͸˼̬ռȷǰ͸õȥ飬иС
ʦΪ߹·ΪõӶ𣿡Ҷ֪ҡΣѪ˰벽
֪Ϊ飬ε顣ԭأƽҶ֪ӰȴԽԽңԶˡ
Ҷֵ֪شҧ´ҲûֹѪۿѹ˻ƵѣʹȥҲֻûЩҪļ䣬Щ΢Ϊһ͸߹ң˵ÿһ仰Ҫ飬õˣҲˣΪֵˣ
ǣ͵Ǳ˴˳ɾͣ𣿡ۼ龰ûпһ
ңδزȫ㣬˶֪ҪˣΨߵһҪ̫飬һҪҵȥ𣿡Ҷ֪̤˵֮ʱŬάֵ侲Գ֣ȴһ˲ȫȻˣβ֯һʶĻԣβֻһŵۼλʦŵһ̷ʲôˣһʼ֪һ·һʼЩãЩΪĿģԼʲôء
ģؿӲƿĻ棬Ȼһ֣̿һۣǰȻʧǰûرԼĵطĻȣϣһϮС߹Ϊ̫ӣϹҷص°ڣǸ˻ǸΪʲôˣ
Ҫ㲻ҪҶ֪Ϣ٣˫ַſ򣬿ϵǸɢ⣬û뵤ӵ壬ҿҴţֻԼ䰮һеȻ޴棬һİң
籾ͲǸˣʼգֻһӣ˰ɡջ֣Ҷ֪˵
Ҷ֪ͷǾǹ˿ɬЦӦãĵ̫飬𣿡
ҴӲ˵ѡӵıӰᶨ׷ѩ顣
仰һΣˡҶ֪ſϵ£̧֮ʱ˵۾һƬţɢԶĽŲȻֹͣˡ
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һ䣬ѹҶ֪ﱾһ˲ȥ׶ضԣҶ֪Բ㣬Ŵηϣں󣬲κ˿̽ӣΥ
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Ҷ֪֣ǲ㲵ݣͻأЦˡ
㻹ǿĴϣģλʦõʦƽɲ˳һɲл⵽ײʲôóƺƳһ۸ͽ׵ӣʾǲ˳ȥ
Ҷ֪˻Ǹ˵ģ˽ɵҲûеطϸЩ﷣֮£ʵɻ˱ں
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Ҷ֪Ѿƽ˾ȷ֣꣬ʮأԣʲôأسһĨǳЦգ˵߳𣿡
ˡ
з壬
һ˴Ҷ֪Զˣв̣ڵӵСʦԴðʦ𣬵ӶʦõӽЩ˵ҲòһᣬǺһҲܵˣʦ𡭡
ٿȻ䷢ЩԣСĴлһʦǰ˵ôĻ̧ͷ̽徿ɲǣƵʦǰȴȶԷ˲䣬ʦһѪ¶Ǳǧ֮ĺɢȥ
ʦǣ仹˭ˣͻƺϵ𣿡ؿǱĲҰףʦԸƲҲֻš
ÿһĻǻܸ뺮𣿡һ̾ϢߵѪٴ͸ѩ׵½
ʦķǡԼʦ֪꽻以ͨվķԱǾ޴ĴǿͻƣǰأǾȹ̣Ѱ죬һ˶ΪһˣΪλҪĶ顣
ɾͰ֮壬һοù١


76 ˪ѩ֮
Ҷ֪Ļӳ̵Ҳֻ һȥħ֣ǰ֮ʱһΪѰ˱㡣
ļǵ ë϶һ㺮˪ ⻹ֻǸ ˱ԼܲǸطֲľ

ڻ󷨱ߵԼ ȻҪԼ鰮Ͼ
ֻһĵ׵˼ֻһ仹δü˵ģ Լѹ֣Ҳûֻ֪̽ɳָ⡣
Ҷ֪Ҳһβ׽ֻʱˣҪȥȻƿԼлӣ ȼ𣬽ֻδճһƱûİ
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ӳϵ˼ǲٿ ҼҲûɽ䴢ʲôģ ҶʦٹˣлΪĵȡһƿٹȵһ·ҲǼң ̧ܾһӽͽ˺Ӱʧ⵽Ҳȡ˱ٹȵ¿ɻǶ̫죬ΪˣǶҲÿ㣬ôã뺮⣬գ
رãҶ֪ʶĲıѩǳǵĺ䣬ĵԶʤǱĸоеһ˲䣬ͣѪҺᣬȴһ˲ף˵ؿµĲǺ䣬ǷѪҺȴʱʱ̵ֱ̿ʶֱﲻзӵĻ棬һйƽ
Ϊʹڣȴ޷ֹͣţĥ
֪֪Ǳѩأֲȴᶳᣬˮ֮һ㡭
㲻׼ͬȥ𣿡
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Ҷ֪Ŀʹ֪˪£վƽȴǱǿŵΪˣججػ˯˹ȥ
ıѩ֮˼ѣϸûξģȻԱȴƫ׹һЩů
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һ˲ůﲻԸǣۿǿΪԼιƽģټװ֪磬ֻľֱ޴档
ξź˪˫ۣû¸ȻĿİףֻҲ֪籾ãԼ˯ŵʱʲôλӰ¡
¶ƼǰһƬϵ΢ɲӡ֤Ŵ˵زֹ㻹з硣
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һ¿ɰòᣬǰʳĲʹѵĿﻹҶְ˭֪㵹ãƫڵһģͲֱӸԼѻ𣬿ˡ
Ҷ֪̣ǵһαһĵסΪ䣬֫屾Ͳһʱȥһ¾ˤѩϣ¾ȻͲˡ
ԥһ֣ʰҲȷ˴Լĳͬ࣬һ˪ѩ磬ҲͲٱ㶳ˣҲǣԼѪģʲôϡ
Ǵģһ죬ʳָƿ죬ȴһŰɫ⣬δ״ɢˡ
˲ͣҶ֪ɢһĪ˶ҳˣʲôͳԣֻԼΡ
ҲпȼСһﶼǶԲĶͰ
һ߿֣ζһζڼȴֲʧ֮õ㣬ȻԿϰߵ˵𣬹һʦ˻治ҶӣһƿٹȵôȻǲˣ
ûлһﱾֻһˡ
öҶ벻ˣֻǺ˵ϰˡҶ֪㣬б𣬿Ǹ˲ˣֻˡ
Ȼ˼Ҫ£ץԼֻѩѩϣֽһ˵ҲΪڽأô˵һҲ֪˯˶ãǶ˰ɣҲûֲˣͳԵɡ
ѩζ۾һٿؾˮֵһ԰Ƶǰױ
Ҷ֪ҲѵõĲƼգһ𣬽ֻʵˣۼѩǳԵͦʵСĶͷ˵ڣԺҲǸ˵ˣ㻹ܲ㣬ɱȵĺöˡ
ʵҶ֪˻ģֻһϣһƴȫȥץס
ȥ˼ֵ÷ſ񣬲֪ʱգҲԳһ˾˯Ϣʵԣ˼ԽǶûʲôá
Ҫǵ̫࣬ں̫࣬ⲻʮĹ⾰ΪԼи˶٣Ϊδ֪ĩ˶٣ʱй˴徲
ԼֻԽóѩڲһϸڷܾͺˣʱ滳ѩޱѩ﷢ʲôֲҲ֪ǲԼģһů˯񻹿ûɫ
˵һϱģò콵գȥ᲻ԿˣҶ֪Щص˵ˮ棬㵱֣ƽﲻԷʱǾǳˮף˸Ʋνˮ棬Ҳ㲻Ϊ
ҲܿԷʱٹˡ
¶˾ĵ飬δӹ˵ǳԷСˣ˵ףⲻ֪µĹ⾰ԵƵٻΪط̫飬˴Ϣۿȥ˺ѩ
Ҳǰ׳ԵģڳԹεʱϾͲپôˣѪĶҲȫתˡ
ٹ֮ҲûܣΪܺţԴƣ֮ʱߣҲļЧҲֹ֪˼գֻ֪Ǿδֵĺ·ֻص˳˵֮ʱ״̬
һδתл㱻˯˹ȥ˲Ϣ׹ůξ
Ϊλʣ
ҶˡҶ֪ʶشŻ
ûˣ
Һ䣬㱧Ұɡ


77 
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ڵʱ򡣡Ҷ֪㱼ֻصз壬 Ϊ壬ɼضɪɪʱ⺮һжˣ ļҲʱö϶ģ кܶʱ ǲԼΪͷȥ˼ģ ˿̣֧Ǳܡ
 ǲˣҶ֪˵ÿһֶŰ佩ӲָⷽһһЩ֪˳ůƬȥѰԴ˫۴ԷҲȶȵգ䵽ߣ ȴΡȻ˯ʵ΢ţ ЩϵĴһһϣȴֻǺǳЩ
˵ʲô
ΪʲôŶԷϤϢ΢ң ǱĵĪİһ¶ϣ أȴɼֱ˵ߣҵ㣬 ΢˵ ΪʲôΣˣ ô䣬ôûбܿɵ
Ǻ𣿡
ң롭µĻȴѳˡ
Էϵһů⣬ڻѩչ⣬ģȵģԶյϺɢǱľĴȻͱůһһ㣬ĥ䣬ǻСΨ־׹ξ֮˵İ
ůŶ˲ཻĺȫҶ֪˿ůȴ¼ŵʱÿһ˯ů϶ⲻһΣΣβԼüŸĿ̹ǵķȥ
ůУӲֱѻָ֪ȻξĻδȻҲɳ֮§סһ̾Ƕͷഥһûʶ
һ˲ȴҶֵ֪̾һһ̻ݰԵعס˼Ҳֱ۾Ҳش
ΪԼһ̱һʱ嶯𣬷ξ͸ˣ˭֪һ˲ͷδһ֣Ǳһůĳ
Ҫʲô
һͳ΢ƵʻȻصţΨ˪ѩʶҶ֪Ȼ䲻֪ѣԼһԵԣᴭŻ˾䣺Ҫ㡣
ҹۼǰ磬ɵҶ֪ü֮ʱֻһ˲Ҳ񿴼ǿգȴһĻճէƵľ
һ˯˶ãЩãȻϵѩѰѰԼֻóѩÿһ֮ʱһ㣬ʵûжŰɣ
ʳȻҲûָһֻܻش𣬿һղ˵ҲиһΣſˣ˼Ƭ̣ѩģҲ˼ֲ߶˵ҺˣξȻμ춼ˣѩѩůġ
ȻϸźĻѩҲ̫ڴ˵صˣŶһȴʣѩŶ䣬ûȤ³һƬѩһ˫ˮĴ۾ӳճҶ֪糺죬ɫӣЦա
Ҷ֪ҡҡͷ̾³֣ǹ䣬ӨףҺϧҼǲˣ˵˵ξôԼأ
Ϊʲôξ˼ҲԼǿһЩʵоѹҲͰˣԼ˼ҵʶǣŵĵȻĸоҲ˵̹ԺλǲҪеĺã̫ˡ
Ҷ֪һ񣬶ǸһĨ죬ԼǰҲûԹⷽ鼮ӱ˽Щ绨ѩµ£ôҲкͻ棬ֻľҲܲ˼µá
ԼЩգһһ󣬻᲻Ϊ⺮̫֮ˣѧ֮߳¶ˣĶôȷԽԽԽԽǷǡ
ֱָѩҧһڣŻعȴֵ˼ûУ˵һΪԼµãҲˣ˻ͦǱٹȳɹˣ
ѩģرĿҡҡͷ棬ߵѩ϶תתػȦֻϧѩºۼģܵĹ켣ʵѶҶ֪Ĳһ£ȴҲҲģֻѩĲС
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ǵСһ˳ֻۣǵָһⴥѩĶʱѩʱֳȻԼӡǣźҶ֪̾˿ѩǷŻصϣ˵һΪտյıѩأ飬û룬ѾˣϧˣЩȥգɱˡ
ֻСѩſԭأֱ㶵Լһ˫ίͰ͵Ĵ۾ֱ˵ŲԸȥҶ֪ҡͷܾԣӲãЩ߰ɡ
һգڴжȹģ˵䲻棬ˮľ˫ҲЩơϢɣˮ徭еڤȾһ˿Խ׹ߣԽǾϸؽɢ
˼£ϫ޸ԾΨҶУػһ
ľһ˲Ѹתᣬĳεȴǽ𵤣һӡ
Ҷ֪˫ۣڵﴦ˰Щɻ֮ɫ˲ɽҪ޳ʲôѲɻԼе·ˣ
ҪƼϰڷż㣬ֻһˮĽĶ̧ȥһֻѩһֻǼۣѩӽŵĲ˹²ǰһڣֻǰצڵ棬СԴצϵģǹɡ
㡭Ҷ֪΢üֻһԥֻѩ̾˶䣬ЦЦ˵Ҽǵ㣬Ҳڴ˵أ߲ȥǲԸҷֿͨѩףһѩǿɺã
һҶ֪ҪߵĴԽԽ٣ѩÿһμתһͬĻҶ֪ȴÿÿþϲΪ⺮ļزֻһ飬ҲΪֻСѩϲȡ֡
Ҳ֪˶ظʱ⣬һǹ貵ĺҹһůȴл̻󲻽⣬ѩӦǱģľҲǿһ̰İֶݵůѿ䵽棬Ȼת²һ顣
ֳŵ֧Щӣ˫һ˲ֻҹѩһҷصİɫ°ڣµ˻Ͻɫ˿Ŀ⽥ƣ˾ºÿüϣһ˲˲ţĬĬ̾ԭһλˣݳˡ
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Ҷ֪ǲǱˡΪԷ㿪ˣŵջСֱ֣ץȥĿڣ

Ҷ֪ﵱʱΪĿ̹ǣemmmȻʽЩһҲʵˡ
Ⱥźѧʦ˵̺Ҫʦ˵ֻдûзֵģʦ˵˴ʡһǧ֣ʦʦ˵
һһס˶λʦ죬Ƶ˵ǲ˵
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78 ҡ
Ĳ̹ǣ ȻҶ֪Ϊξ󻹼ϣѾܾûѩ˵Լˣξ˵ʲôã ʲôŮ鳤飬 ǼʹʲôҲûڼ ÿÿȹ̵Ϊǿ϶ڵġ
Сѩ ˵ǲǼԽԽˣԼʱǵˣ Ҷ֪ｫųһѩѩƣȻһ٣ѩǾҧָһڣûذסСһĶͷԶƣ˵ û㣬ôƢ
ͼССѩŶ䣬 Ƭѩڰ̾Ҷ֪źЦֵҲúúвǣ һѰȥ ɲƳиǲܻΪˣҲֻǹⳤ˶ӣǡ
⻰һ䣬 ѩҶ֪һ㶣 λΪˣй
༯ Ƿ޿ɽ֮⣬ޣڶ̨Գ죬Ȼ޷գ֮Ȼսɿǣǧٶ졣
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СһףҶ֪ÿնƳǰ㲻ⷬһˣֻһ˫޹ίֲ֪۾֪Сѩһ»ᱻ
ת˼伸غһҶ֪ȴưҲûУһССӣ˵չɽ𵤣һЩ̬ҲûУҶ֪һ˽ˣǳ⺮ĺôûм䣬ľƽ͵ģ꣬񻹲֪ƣҪ˯
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ʵļ乲֮ʱ࣬һԹߵݿЩҲжݳֹһ˲һǧ˵ͬͶ˴еһСʯӣȴＤ˾κˡ
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ճΪʦЩԸǲǾͿµʱˣѵؼЦգڴؿ⡣
޳壬һ


79 «έ
ǧ磬 ֻ̫΢һҲϮҪɾ͵ڣ䣬 ǰòȫ飬 ֳϣ磬 չޱشȥ ϲĻƬɼ׵ĺˮߣޱ߼ʵ«έ
ҪԶʤǺ ķ羰ȴǰһ硣
«έͲΣηۣ庮磬澳ïʢɳ ȴƫһ峺ĺˮҪһƮ ػɳһ˿˿ˮƫֲҿʹ紵˸ѣҲԸԼĻ˳ˮ徲
ЩʱԽˣ ׻ˣ ԺҲˡ££ʦϵذ׶񣬰˵֮ûᱻ֣һʱĽĶü޽Ǹһ㺮˪
ˣǳЦ˶Է쵽Լձߵ֣ Ŀº͵΢ͷȻƬѩմ ˵Űʽ΢ ˥ǲڴ˶ɹˣ괺شأٻ𣿡
Сסһ˫δü֣ܿĴУͫ𶯣һɫĿ⣬˵˼ļδˣڴá
ʦ𶼲Ằ𣿡ҡͷ̾ϢԼûа취ֻһβ䷳ؽ͵õģɾڼӴЩŲٽ֮ʱˣ˲Ҫ
ϽĽˣԴ˶ҲЩ˽⣬⣬ĲǶҹ̫̫ܵ𣿡ЦºͣŶԷ֣ɫɵعȡů
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ĳشĺڷ֯ţ˫ذ׿ÿÿ΢°Ψȣһ«έѩ׵Ѳʢʱûҡҷ
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Ļ汾ܰеĿȴ֪˽֣Ҷ֪ļǵãļʱѾʼɾѰǧҩˣĻԶһǣȹ̵ģ
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ǲңЩ黨ҩǲΪһ֪ԽǽӽеĿԽߵսᣬһбҩʯҽ
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μԶʣңɼǵ㴫̣ȥ׽ǿյĻӰ
Ҳ㣬һжΪáĻＫĮ
ΪҺã֪ʲô㲻࣬ҪŬÿһնĴΪβɴαһ㣬˵ĶǱ˵ĺԣΪβһ֪ؿȥµ˵ΪҺá
˫תȻûǿԵԽ絶ʣԽɫ侲˵Ҳ֪ʲô֪׶̫ױţҽΪĴУһжģϣôΪ˵УԱԹޣ;޳ħ
㡭ǰһ̻ݣڿ⣬ʱҰ׵ûѪɫ
Ҳ˽㣬ҽջһǲǺԣʣʹԸ˵ѣɵţ侲࣬ߵǰȰ˵ұҪģһЩһЩ޲һջǣɾһС磬Ҵ㿴ĺɽΪ̫ѵûһԾʹȰط𣿡
Ȱǰ㰮ģʦ𣬵Ӹˡ㱵ҡҡͷ˵űߣȴֿһ侲Į֮ˣ˳ȥ
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Ҳ֪޹ҰѰҩЩ˻عⷵյãֻµκɫͽúˣⲻǱԼΣˣ޽ֺα˵Ȼ֪ΪЩء
źҪǰ֮صǰһգҲ̹ȻͻΨƬ«έΪеִֻϣʦԶŵԣȥһΡ
ǣ̫˿ӦǺɣΪʦǰֻϧ̾ټһιȻǺãҲδȴԸ
ûкˣ⣬㽫̴иˣѾ̸ҵģĶ׽ˡ˵ԼķṦΰЦݲãȫȻûע⵽˲͵顣
ˣ֪ôٵ̫𣿡ǰһ̻ůס֣˫Ϊ𾪷ŭԲš
ͣõʱҪãҪΪδ֮УקסؽԼĻ˵ûǣ˵Ϭ仨գͲˣδ£ֻҪǾͬҪǣ˫ͬԡ
˭ѿһ˫ʱɺ۾ħ㱻ħˣָңܾ㡣
ʦ⣬ҲǰҵĶ𣿡ſ˫ۣ˫ֵĶ˶ʱĻ棬޹
ʦСؿ۲任һַһסԷȶһ徻δüʩţͱסٳ̡
˥˵ֵܵʢʱԼԽ̵ĵԼеѹڵ棬ȵָڲûо⣬ĵıɽ粻ħ߶ĵطľ磬ڷΪԼѰҩʱ˴ħȻǶϲ˵ġ
վҪȥ֮ˣ֪ڲѣɱңմȾ߱ʦֵã޼ңҪһԸҿԲǣ㲻ҪʵȰ˵ȴǱٿȻ½Ķˡ
Ŀ𾪣ֻҪ㿪ǶԷȴǰĵزֻǰһ̻Ҫִ˿ȴƵԺ۽òһ˫Ѫ۾۾˵ͺܣܣҲң
㲻Ҫɱҡֻһ˲Ȼ䣬һֻҰޣ˺ҧ
治ڵġ


80 ϲ콵
һƣ ʴǣɴŵǻָ峺ͫһƬ͵Ѫɫ֮˵Ĵߣһͼذ һ渽ߺҩǷˣ Ҵѳɣ ã ⣬˵˲ǣ ͳȥա
֪ʲô۾΢
ʲôֽǻͣȻΪĲɫЩ䡣
֪Լħ𣿡ӯˮ۾Ǹһ¶̬ԼˣĴһ˿ң ʵҩ ħģҲ㣬֪ħ֮ػ¶  㻹Ҫǿҳ𣿡
˿ָĻ꣬ɫѵˣ˵ͷ˵㶼ƭң ֻۼΪʵ ҩȷʵתˣ һգɲǰ׷ҵѪ
˵Ѫס֣ǣԼĿڴġί˵˵⣬֪ÿͷѪ࣬ɾҩĲ𣿡
Ϭ䣬ͷѪⱻȳƬ꣬ȥ˵ʲôˣԼڵħΪʦΪ飬Ӧҵ˵ҪԼ˫ͬԣԼĴ
ǡ뽫ȴȻһѪӿһѪŻشһ֧ţۼҪϾͼȻ޴˿ˣǽŲÿ˿һһشϣȴδһεڷ֮أֱϵŴһƹ
ȻĿռ䣬Ψһڱ˺һɼֱ˿̷ŻָеԹߡ
Ҷ֪ʱ⻹Щգ˵ΪһͻѪߵģǻԵʣǱħʹˣΪǿתġ
ұħ֮ǰߡ
Ҷ֪Լģȴǲ̣˵ǸħΪѰҩֵģǴһʼͱӰˣϵˣҲǸ֮ǰ֮ʱѾħˡ

Ҷֵ֪߳ȵתòˣԼҹ£˰˵ӣҿʲôû
֮еңʱȴΪҩɾˣлл֪࣬ɾ̧һӣܾԻΪޣΨҶ֪վһƬˮϣһ̣͵Ҷ֪ǰ˵̱ߺ֪䣬ܸҲֻ󷨴ˡ
Ҷ֪ȴûӣǵõУɻ乹ɵĻþͻ̱ʵ㻽⣬ǲ˵ұõõǿǵĴУ
ǡҫҪɢȥļ
ҩɾȣȴǿħѰΪѹҵǲйأҶ֪ӿ١
ǣֻҪԸͿԾֻ꣬أҪһûҵĸԤʹѲҲԼػɽ·
Ҷ֪˿ȴЩˣԼˣԼļ乲飬ǡ
ɫᣬҿ֪Թޣ˵Ҫѹں׵Ļ֮ʱȴĸԸģ𣿡
ţͲˣҲ֪ǴħյĿΪΣеĽǰǧ꣬ΪĲħ֮սδ޸磬㱾ǱһţҲԸں׳˯ǧ꣬йʱ̣Żδɢ־Ϊ֮ĹָӽǰΪ֮ʣҲٺȰ磬ˡ
Ҷ֪ɢڼȻ׹䣬˫ֽס̻ΧƵ˲䣬ǸΨʣӰķ򺰵ĺܰ㡣
֪ڵҲһһ˺ܰ㣬ȻΪԳŵڡ
Ҷ֪ﻹһ䣬ȴǰһƬѩףʶԴԴذأǳǧֻ˼һ׹֮С
ߴ׵һľ̻ã˫̧ۣ߽֮ƼԼϥұǰᴥһ両յ
һǰȥǶһˣԼ滹һˣ˵ĶԼһ޶ĵԴԴϵߣ˵üۿʣҲ֪ǲǱ۾ԵʣŨܵĽë΢Щĺÿ
񡣡
˱΢ھôĻҶ֪΢üȴҲ⵽ԼһǿĻ˽Եʿ׽٣ɾױ˱֮ƣٲȫĻ
ҲױƬֹ̾ˣٴۿɽٵˣɾԣܰԼǸӦþˣòҲ飬Ͼм˻ȥ˰
Ҫм˭֪˾ɢ⣬ת۾Ҫˣ֪ιʣȷۿĻ棬ȻӰ֮ʱٿȻ糱ˮһӿʶȴһĻ֮˽ߣĻ档
ͷԿհãս˴УͻȻ˾޴ĴȻһͷʹѣֻŶͷڱϣſԭԼɽٵ֮⣬׷裬ϵѪѩ÷˷ˣȴ治ɫֻ̧裬һֱ۵׹Զĵ档
䡱һºۼѩؾһؿӿݡ
Ҷ֪ļ仹ȻӰʲôȥϵͼԼķ׹䣬ŵı棬Ҳų̂˲ڻֻŶߡˡһ̹ǵĺѽ˰Χ
ûԥ˽ӵ뻳ΨˮʲôὫ˳ɢҲ֪ʱʧȥʶȴָһ̣һͯ˵ף¾ġ
ף
Ҷ֪ƺһЩϤĳӵǵĮ飬һ̵ġšǻӦˡ
֪ôģе㲻Ƥ΢һ˲䣬Ƕ˾Ͳ˵ˣֱǸ׷岻ˣͷҲˣ̷𣬿ǶԸ˵Ǻá
㡭׷˱Ҫ֣ţһ˲ĪתΪɫ˵Ҳá
Ҷ֪￴˰㲻ӣ磬ֻ¾Ҫֶˣû˵жӵˣô˼˵ҲǹĽ飬ұԵЩְɡ
˭֪˻δ𻰣ȴǸͬǰ׷С޸˹Ҷ֪ǰҲСദһʱ޴룬˫֣ͷĺ˸ǺƫǸóģë׵Դ˲䣬Ӧغ
㺰˭Ҷ֪ô󣬻ǵһα˺¿ɲЦˣҿװףһ㶼
ǺӲǽתͷס׷˵ȣߵˡԽ˵Խģ
Ҷ֪̣ǺӿԼίͰ͵񣬼ֱ˵һӲεĻˣβϵģָָСָָΡȻˣɫε˵Ӽ˾ͺ𣿡
˵Ķӡ׷ü۱࣬˿񻹼Ϊ档
ǰǺ㸸׵İҶ֪վЩˡ
׷ȴһף֮ͬɫ˵ĶӾҵĶӣҸףˡ
лҪ˵
С糡
Ҷ֪ϲ콵ı⣩Ǻǡ
߾ƮˣҺǺˡ
Ҷ֪дأϲӺ
߾һα
Ҷ֪ѵϼҴɣ㿴ͷǶ䣬צӣһҡ
ӣףʧˣһģһ
ĳʧȥֵİ׷š
Ҷ֪ͷϰһ㿴ô

ģСemmmҪҪһ룿

л嫺Sκİλʹ͵ӪҺ߻Ŭġ\RQ/


81 ӷ粨
ˡҶ֪˲ˣ ⻰էһжϸϸƷζžЩⲻǽƾճֵĺͷϣ Ե˵֮˸ΰ
㣬 õúܡ
Ҷ֪ﰭںôǱһأ Ҳǲȷûдܷƽȹ٣ Ҳ͹ԣֻҪԸӲپ Ҳļƽˡ
ߡǺӼȥĵظקק
Ҷ֪ȴǽŲͣ⺢ͯקţǿϵ ֻҪɫЩ̬ټЩ ͯ¶ӵģѲɻѺӴҲ
ɵ߳ԶҲûǸӣǺȴһֻϵһ ޿̣ һǺ䵽ϡ
ٲͷԹԵ⺮ظˮţǺͯ˼˴ Ҳǰˡ
ɾҶ֪Щ ͣפ˽ŲɲǣǺӼдſǻ󺰵Ҷ֪ûģ Ϊ׽٣һػ֮ﶼûУ˵߾ߣǸ㵱治𣿡
⻰˵ĺǧû֪˴Ŷ컵Ļռһ£֮ǵûģҶ֪˼Ȼתˡ
˭֪ǺԽ˵Խģʮɤڱѩ֮ÿÿη庮䣬ø׵ȡů࣬ӵߣġ
µĻȴǱҶ֪˲Ϣһ˺ӵֻĿƺǣǺӣʵ֪ҵΪ㸸ף
ӵ˵ͷʵ֪ЩԻƭһḶʲôۣ
ΪⷬЩȵģ˼᲻һСӰһҧԼָϵݾ̻̽ʲôĴۡ
Ҷ֪ﱾܵһǺӵĶͷգֵĿֻڻˣҪ˼һȴǼںͯڵӡǣһ˲˹Ҷ֪ջ֡
ֻ૵ôҵӡǣ

ˮεɫĹ߲ʱιں׽˵ѩһһҡҷӰҿһ츣صĵطЩĪ֮
Ҷ֪ϸʳָṴǰ֮µ´ʹ̧ȥƣҲܸܵȵĿԼϡ
ȥźã˱ɰĺòǿ˲Ҫˡ
˫˵½ȴǺȻɫԥһ֪˵˵Լֻû䣬֪еģ˾ֻΪơ
֪׷ûࡣ
ѩǱܿ˼ȥˣҶ֪֣˿ڳǺ˵֮ʱôϤе֣ڻԼӡǣٿԼ߷ǸΣжȴԼġ
ӡʵ˵ڡ
˵ƿӻ˭Ķ޷뻽ҸףϿɣӦ˱ǡ
⵹أҲҽ̵޷νʶã˵ҲǲҶ֪˵ļ϶˵Ŀȴ̱һƴ˰ȥɫˣЩͷˣƫУĿڴԼδ⵽ʹ֮ɫȴҲһ˲ֻô᣿
ȴȻס΢֣ưĿ˲ϢЩºͣ˵ǾˣѾްˡ
Ҷ֪ȴɫеعһ˿ӵ̬Էʵĺ󱳣һƬȴĿڶӦλһ鼸һģһС˰̣һˡ
ʲô֣Ҷָ֪ᴥ˰̣ȴƺµģѸջ֣Ŀģʹʹĸͬܣʵ
𡣡
𣿡Ҷ֪΢ӣһ˿Ҳֻһ˿̶ֲʲôֻ˿ЩһĨЦ⣬ҵľ磬֪ɶҰôûС
ҲδõˣδŹЦյٿȻЩͣĿ⣬ֲ̾ҪҪǻûԸ⻽һ
ţ۰ɣҶָ֪ǣһǹ⣬ѪϣʶԷ˷ʽĸܣȻˡ
ֻ۵׺ȼ˹⣬ֽգһ̾ҪĿ˵ʲôӵĻҶ֪ʳָһһͽݵܽˡ
ͷרעˣЩƲʱ˵Ļȴǲò˵ˣҵȹ̣ļҲǷʦδ̫飬ȴҲû˳ɾͰµ˼ռƽһӣҲǺӵĸרһ
ĸΡ
ҼǷɫѩףЩͻ׷ʵΪУã֪Щѩĸ£ɷ֪ҡҶ֪һ϶һ£Ҫ𵽵׵ġ
Ŀ⵭ݣɷнµѯʵǲǸ˭ͻȢ
ˣҪϵġҶ֪̹ϡ
ҡ϶
Ҷ֪üͷһûྪŻ˵ҪԼӸ׵˻˵⻰ֻ˰˸Ⱦ˳òмȫԵ顣
ӦԹԵط𣬵ˮ֮ʱҽӴӵѵ飿
ҡҶ֪ѰȥʱҲΪһ֮ԵԷ˽Ҫ˵ӳ̵Ļһſ˵ɲǸˡ
ֵΪķ֣㷣ѩǺιʣǲ˵ʲôҡĻˣ
Ҷ֪ٿȻѩ⺢ӿͲ˵Щ˶ڳڵĻǻͷͷǵ
ֶܰԶڹܽļҳ˵ֻƲ
ⲻ˾ĵ˾ͺԼǸʡĵĶһƫҪ粻ֹһָĲҪǽ֮ǰȫȻͬһ۾עҡ
С˵ĻȫšҶ֪ﱻĿƵ񣬷·ǱʶҪܾ
˼֣͸ϼֵοɺãֻԺ󣬿һں͵ķӦһȴҲ֮ܳʣ˵ƺأ׽ǣĿǴҲǣֳĺĺƿҺҴ˿ڹִǿţѾҪ֧Ųȥˡ
Ҷ֪ԷԵȻ˰գӹ˵黰ȴûӹһδδڴ֮ڵʾ
֪۲ۣΪֵޱ֮ʱ۵ģΪױ֮ʱ۵ģûңҲû˵ңֻ㣬ÿһ˿ڣ۵ĸ֮¡


82 ˭۸˭
ǰ˵Ҳ𣿡Ҷ֪ⷬ飬 ˵ǲܵģرǵĿڵˣԺģĻ档
˵ʵ ֻ²˼ˣ ԺδһƾҪˡĴ˲䡣
Ҷ֪ﵱЩմһ˵ŻᱻԼĻ һò֮°û£ ⱻ˪ͷû䣬ļȴƭ˵ġ
Գˣ ˽⣬ԶʤԼϾ˭ҲȥԼﱻһ¾òڷЦķ
ڶԷԺֵˣ ȴǯסҲûʲôͷ һ˫ĿŭԹǲĵˡ
˭֪֮ﻹδڣȻüͷɫЩǳ΢ףһκ黬䣬 ۵
Ҷ֪ɼⷬ龰 ˵ǧ˿ƵϵǸİԼҲĮģֻɣ ʵ ٻԶʤһʿ׽٣ǲǲֻˣ
Ҳһʱ˼ǲܣ û뵽һ㣬ļﲻҲ֮ʣܷһʿɵ
赣ǣֻϵ˿ˡ˶ϣ˿̾Ǵ΢΢
Цǿ̰ܵģ˼ЩģⴽǹĻַϰֲ̫ĽӲҶ֪ƼɲȴʳָԾذĴ࣬ЩɵظһֱߣƻǸ΢Ļȡ
ǲ˵öЦЦҶ֪գգۣн֮ǰЩ΢⣬μãȴҲֻЦһΣɲûڵʱ㶼йЦհɣ
ˣʮָķ䣬£һͷڷΪһ֧
Ҷ֪ҡҡͷֻԷǰһư׷ȻһЦָһͽקǰĿԣǼҲһľ롣
û٣ʳָϸϸġĴ꣬˿⶯кβףֱǴɫָѪɫϤϲģ̽žԻ룬̾һΪԼ˶Ĵ£ǺֻһʼĶˣҪҶ㸺ѵ۸𣿡
۸۵װ˰ŻٿȻսһһֻһŵһһɫ˵ܽ۸
֡Ҷ֪ﱾΪԼӦѾˣ˭֪ûܼʱڴ˿ղѣԼΪ޼ܻ˼һ˻Ūĵĵ
һƻڶԷϣ룬˾ƫƫΡȻһƣһ̾۾һգ˵ѹ¿ɲĿûɣֻûڵأ˽˸
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ôһ˲ԷˣܲͱԼô᲻صһƸ˰ɣҲȫû᲻һʱ嶯˼Ҵľϡ
ҲǹģѡҶ֪Ȼӿ죬ǿ־壬־Լɱ˶ˣҪǴģԼ˰ˣ׷Ī
ʣۿȵ˲䣬һᣬȴǰһ̻һصˣ֧ݺݵסΪЩ΢Ĵ
շתȴһᶼѣǿƣ˼Ǳ֮˵Ըһ޵׷ԽӵľƣԽǼȼյ
ֱָⶼһļ٣ԷطŹǲĥĴҧ°͡
Ҷ֪һһײŵ󺣣ûûƯţץϣĺȴڳڴˡ
ƭҡҶ֪˫ץŶԷֱۣԷĶһӭܡ
˵һ⻰Щ̧ͷһ˫Ⱦ۾
㾭ƭ𣿡Ҷ֪һݣȻЩˡ
ָҳŵᣬûɫ档
Ҷ֪ﱾΪ£ֵóŵģӣǼд棬ʱϸҪ˺˵
ʿմȾ˵³ŵˣ֮Ĺϵѩӵߣ˫֮£Ϯ𣬽Բδ֮Уⲻ˵ǻһİ£Եĵ¡
ŵ֮£δ㣬Ĳǳ㱾⣬ʵ˵ƭװ֮¡Ҷ֪
㡭ȻԼԵˣڸһϵĿɰָ̧ƽҶ֪Ϊɻ΢ü̾ÿÿƼģԼ񼫡
㻹ʲôҲ֪ģһôһδεã˵ʲôڲѲ˵Ҷֻ֪Լһδ˺ˣǴ˿鶯ˣԷȴⳡ|µһ⣬ǿҪѪˡ
ҪҸ𣿡һ
Ҷ֪ȻڶԷķӦ⻹Ҫ֮ǰƫҪӵģˣһѹƵһסԷĲӸµµͷף㷽ŲҪΣҪĵأ
Ǻ˵ģûǿϡƣǲŽʮ㡣
ǿʶ㣬˵ǲǹվҪʲôھκڣ֪͸ĵڻϾҶ֪˵ϾǾ䡰ĪһʹϵЩ
ֻҪԸ⣬һߣ޹ءֱ
С¶ĲãŵԶˣ֮ԣҶ֪ĿֻϣЩ⡣
ʵҪʲô
ҪҶӵĸףͱֻ˵˵ˣҪ˳ԣҶ֪һסһȴǣ֣ϣʮָգɫһռɽΪӶ˼Լѹկ˵ͷӣֻ°ͣңǴΪ޽
˼ҽ¶иҲΪðһ񡭡𻰻δ˵꣬ͱĿȻֺһֵҶ֪סˣֻ˳˵Ȫ䣬ϣҶ֪ǴΪֹڴˣ޽
Ҷ֪̹ˣ˵ҲΪһأĵȪ䣬ϣҶ֪𣬱Ǵֹ
˵˻Ҷ֪ȡ·ҪĻһѪڣԷȴսڲϵ֣ͷ֡
δɣҪʲôҲһʱôͷˣҶ֪ס𶯡
֪Ұģָ֮һңս֣ҪҶ֪סԼĺҰѼ仹㣬ǰǺޣ㡣


83 Ϊ
䧣 ֻӣЩϸ֦ĩڶһ֦ҶïĲĻϲĻ֮ʱУ Ҷ֮ʱС
 ϲľһһ٣ ʹն˲õĿ֦ ѿӡڴġ
İңҶֿ֪Щ˫ۣ ΢⵹ӳŶԷҪʵ㵤ӵʵ
һʼӽ̬㴿Բ 㣬˵Ļ û̫ǼٵġãҶ֪δɿĲҲͱܵš
һʼ֪ݴɣָ·¡̽Ϊʾ Ҫ˽һܲˣҶ֪ʵ
ͷǣ Ҳ췣ʶͷϷ˺ҷ㣬 ڱչ֮ʱ ֪һ˻̫Ĵ ˡ
Ҷ֪ﲢδֻ꣬ڶԷߵסԷĴ񵹱Լţ˵׻˴˵Щ׽ٵ飬ֻ̧֪ͷһǷд𣿡
׽һЦ⣬üĿ΢Ҳ˻ָԺ˵ʦͽݣ°ͣĿӵûʲô֮⣬ڹ֮ĵˣ˵Ǿ以ɾͣʵֻڳɾ𣿡
ҡҡͷŴףֵͷҲֻᣬһסŲ֣µ˵ʲôħõ֮󣬱˻֪ħ֮ȴȻȷʹ˵ʴ˼˷ҵõʾһ޶
ֻΪ˷Ҷ֪ЩڵŲŲžԼ˿̿ж಻ףûмʱʲô¶ζѵʱ
⣬ȴ㣬ϽֶסһһȻᣬ˵㷸նֹ˳Ӧԭ򣬾㲻ΪֻΪıܡ
šҶ֪ɫһ죬ⷬشԼĻȴֻΪܵӦһ
㲻ţϣȻЩУּͷɫæסļ磬΢ȥѰĿ⣬ȴǿһߺ
Ҷ֪Ͻסȴڲס͸˶ͲЩͣңúô𻰣רһ㡣
ҺרˡٿȻֿ˼֡
רˣҶ֪ǿǶμģȻεÿ죬˵Լһ㲻֪һδһ㲻Ҳ̫ˡ
ԲǷŲ׼ţһʱûҲǲʶԼ˶ģջֵɲǣ΢ȴûŲҶ֪Ŀ⣬Ŀ˿Щȡ
һϵʿ˵Ʋס˵ЦڲأҶ֪ٴҪȴֱͻȻ̧ȦסĸˣҲڣˣǹġ
һʼǣǡ
Ҷ֪峺һˮ٣ʵΪʲôҪң
šɫǿƵ鶯
ΪʲôһٶңҶ֪
һ棬Ҳ᲻ˡ
⻰ģҶ֪ķӦȴĴʹһʱѪӿȻһ̣ҲԼĻ
һȽ⿪ȡ¶Ծħ飬Ҷ֪һϣʮָۣѪں֮ʱ֣صΪ֤¿ɼԸҶ֪Ϊ£빲
Ҷ֪ºЦգ֮е֣˿𣬵Ϊ֤¿ɼҶ֪ԸΪ£벻
Եɲǣһ⴩ˮǲմȾʵĴףůʥ࣬֡
ϿһԵµĽϣΪҶ֪ǳϮİ֮壬ĹâԵø¡أǿգһƬ
֮еˣȴĹĦģǴ˿ֻб˴ˣĵȻ϶Ϊһ
Ҷֻ֪תתԼֻ˵ֹѪд˿̲ųЩź̾ģҲģұ⺮Ҳ֪缸Ǹģðϼ䣬ܳһ롣
ָĨĵ˿ڣǣǣЦҸ򵥵ģһ㣬˵Щζˣ㶼ҵˣƽʲôʵΪ㻹Թá
˱˵ıϣϲЩס𣬡Ҷ֪§ס˶ԷĲҲҪͬµŵֻǵ۽ΣÿһҶڵ㡣
Ȼ⻰˵ЩֻҪ˵Ҷ֪ôǺģ䲻֪֮ΣϵΪдѵ껪ҪأֵʲôԵƺ֮ϣֻҪһü㣬ҲԸңһܳ
ֻҪ磬ܿġҶ֪૵
ţδеζͱҶ֪ס˴
´棬⣬ɢһ˲Ҷ̧֪һץȡ׹ǧǹ⽫Χƣһķ֡
Ϣ΢ҵ˷ֿڱ䣬һ˫ůסԷǹҡҷҪ𣿡
ôҪȻѣ˪ǱһƬ
Ҷ֪ǳЦ֪ԷķӦ֪ʣҴֻĶߵ˼䣬ֻ˵ȼ˸ɲĻ˲Ϣԭ֮Ҳյֱ˿ʵ
ʵʿ˫ޣˡǣǰһͽأȵطŻصɺá
Ҷ֪˺޾˷ִ磬ȴһʦ˵ôвһ𣿡
㣬ƺһ´ֶ˶٣ݺϸҪ㴫ҵģ£ʱˡ
ʲôҲҪһ㱦𣿡Ҷ֪ﻷסԷһգ˵Ĳ͵ߣǸڶԷĶ˵˼仰ֻ籡ϵ͸͸ģĵǶһֱԷִ˼֣˫ִѩİ׷ԼĻι̾ʦô˵Ϊʱ𣿡
ѧЩ뻰ں㵹Щʲô˵𱸵Ļȴ
һþֻǣšҶ֪ĻȻжϣµĻﾡģ塣
˵ʦòеز˵Ҷ֪ȻѴˣֻ϶©ǣǣһ
סôమľ͹ˣʦ̣
Ҷ֪㡭ࡣ
ǵһô˵ҵģҲϵΨһҵܶ־ͱ𶯿ڣҽġ
΢Ǻ˲Σ˳ӿ𺣰һǻԣŸݣȴһҶ۸棬ƮðֻǺŸϲõڴϡ


84 СС
һɽ ˮεδ𣬵治ߣЩ Ѽ֮ İûҹ
һ׷ͯ泯ʯڶڵϣ һֻֽŶϵˮ һһĬţҲ֪ҹ ֻ֪ˮζˣǷ˼˻δ
ûжټкͰգֻǲźãֻҪ˵δϣûʲôõǵġ
Լְ֮٣ ֱ׹˱˵ã ѧűڶɽ֮ǰԼ谲øõطÿնҪԼһأԼռǻΣɲҸ˼ֵĴȱš
ϾԼǸûȱ϶ٵƯǰָϵģ Ҳɷѿģ ûԴϣô޵Ļ
Ҷ֪ﰡҶ֪ֻܰ㵽ˣһһ ɵģ ҸҲǰġСӵ۽üҾǻ龢뵽Լڲһһ㶵ģ ǵ˭͵Ц
Ȼ䣬ֻӿǰһֲָ̻ĵؽ磬ֻǰ׷ĺͯϵЦճ֣Ȼͱһ紵ͷһ۾΢ţƼһϮµӲ·ʱһ
ͯϽϾͺˡ
˿߰Ҷ֪ٴƺľǲͬմ˳ذЬĲԳʪŢĵϣǻڣԶԶ֮಻¸ʡ
Ҳδתȥ磬ֻһ˫ǵбǺͯë׵һԶ䣬ٺҳƺҾͰԭΡ
ǺӶ˶䣬ע⵽ԼҡߣϽͷһȻ֣̿ٲΡ
֪ѩǻС˿𡣡ӰٿȻҶ֪࣬İɫȻǰǻδ̤
ѩǶһǰסȣֺػסԷûбܿŸŵ˵ǲʧˣ
ţͷѩǵĺ죬һĮָ㲻Ҫ
һţѩǸֻ䵽˱㣬λסҲûԼ뻹Ҷ֪֪Ļ̵ˣ¿ɺãԼǵˡҪߡסˣѣΪ˵Ҹġ
ǰͷĶȴǲ֪ǲĺʲôŲСľ봫ĵȻ죬ֻû⺮ĺܣˣֻǶ࿿һ
˿̣Ҷ֪޾ȴʱʱ֮ˣ̾㵹ǻѩТ
ǰװҲֻպͻ㣬ÿÿûסĿº͵һۣϲҪ˵Ķӡ
ҰٻεܾõǴ£绹֪Ҫҳʲôˣһֻǰôɰѩ֮ԸһƫҶ֪֪Լλʦʦģô˶ԵֺݣԴһֻͺˣѲǲڵ״ûϺ껪ʦϲСޣ
ȴüĿºˣлЩȰĹ⣬Ҳǹò㣬ɫңⴥһӣӦþò
𣿡Ҷ֪Ųһ٣Ƴ˶Էһۡ
ǲѾһ𣿡֪ľ仰ǵˣɫɡ
ʧˣ裬һ㶼һôŬ¹ҲܸһӵġҶ֪Ȼˣ´Ĳڣգ۵ĹȻҪˣܱһѲɻѷԼòѩǵˣͲ֪ѩ˼
ɫˣ۽ǵⶼʩˣϽŴǽ͵㲻ϲҲ˱ǣΪ£ΪʲôӵԵʡ˵Ҳʲôͼƻǣһǣ֡
Ҷ֪⻰иǲãʲôԼϲͲˣô׵˼˭ǶҹֻŮ˫ȫʱ
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ֻһߣδüԼĴˣͼҶ֪λӰһۣۼѲ׽ˡ
ҪƲϣȻͱѩסȥ·ǺӾһʹļ׵ģ˵ף䲻֪ǳʲô˲ģҵ侲Ƭ̣һԡ
ޱ޼ʵҶ֪˦˺ͷȻڰл㱼ЩտյģҪ˵Ȼһǣ߻ĸΪ˵ġ
ԼͷϣһѾǰһ̻㺣ɽˣѾֺã鵽ŨǷ˵ûͲУأأΪϸӣ·ˡ
һ̾ϢųڣȴǱһѰʯϣײЩۣ𾪵Ĳ˵ͻȻ֣ǶԷѿڶĵǸ
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˶ûվȣſھĵǸǳĵ𣿡Ҷ֪ｫƿڰȥ
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Ҷ֪⻹Ǳסˣ˵ǸҪ˳Լġ
ԹԵ˵Ҵڲ֪Ҫ˵ôΪʲô
Ҷ֪ȴǱЦˡ
ۼã̶ͷЦĴ|ĥһ󣬲עҶ֪۾˵Ҳ㣬ⶼֻѩָҵģģҶʲôϲǶΪ㣬㣬ΨһģұôʲôŮ£ұҸͷ˵û˵壬ѩ˵õĻһãҴˡ
ҷֻ˵Щ黰ʱϤ𡣡Ҷ֪ǰ֮ˣȴûƶҪһµʱ˼ҵã̧һУͻɫǰȥͷҲ־ˡ
ȴǻҶ֪￴ıӰһˣԥǲԼЦ̫ԣԭµ̫磬ͼѩǴһ·СܵǰҪǰȴֲңֻԭάŹ̬˵ǳԴˡ
Դף
ûˣԵӵĴףҶ֪ǲ
͹ȥǸȽˣѩǼɫɻеûл۸ֻøϸµ˵Դ׵߾磬ԼĴ׶ԡ
˻Щ˴ǰѷջصʱɲǻһ°˵Ͼûʲôֻжһ޶ĵӣ˷ʦȷʵˡ
ѩǲԹɫ֪򣬸Ͻȥɡ

Ҷ֪òЦ˼׷ֻԷŲͣҲֱƵԷǰߣ棬۾һգգ˵ҿɴû˭Ƚϣ㣬һ޶㣬֮Ļܶ࣬Ҳδڡ
㣬ú·ˤҿɲܡǳ˵黰֮ʱᣬʱģ˿̣֮ǹģڵɫޱ𱸡
׻˵õĲ黵飬⻰һڣҶ֪ͱԼҷص°ڰһ£̱֮ס˺̧˹ɫڵľȣ˵ѩ˵ǳԴˣŲôᰡ
ĻҵģüĿ΢
ҵģԸģҶ֪ǳЦصᱻԼŵ°ڣ˵ˣ⻹ǲѵġ
СһﶮҲ̫ˡ
Ҷ֪ͷü˵⵽ѽװ¶ˣˣǲҽѩǽ˿˹
̧ͷһػ룬˵йڵֳһͬչ֮ʱʦտ
ԭˣɻǶĿȾҶ֪̾
Ȼȥһúýѵġɫ
ΪӣҶ֪
˵Ǿǣһֹ۲Ҷ֪ɫпɣЩΣ˵ãѰɹСһΪˮյġ
˭׷ġҶ֪
᲻ð̹ϣô˵ҳԴ׾ˣ
Ҷ֪ЦЦͬУҲ᲻á
˺ȻĬͣ˽Ųһۣͬʵ˰ɡ


85 ǰ
صľǸ飬 ʹĸ߽ʿһ飬ڳɾͶԷ֮ʱ ȻȻѡ֣ ȴȻҶ֪
ҲҶ֪һһ̤⺮ĵ֮ʱֵģ ԤʾȻֻѩһֻǵ ˼޻ֻһʼ Ǵ˿ںϵĿɾࡣ
˵ʲôأҶ֪￴ǼֻˮܱQĹ㣬ǳ˳飬Ҳ˵˼ҳó˵ʵڵģ㳤е졣
һĮ ƲԴ˾ϲ񣬵ߴߴ ࡣ
ģҶ֪Цʧܣһ·ѩǰŵĸ˲ˣ һת ƳһߣĵЦζǺ㣬һ·ǽϹŵģ ŵģ һǡĿص㣬ʲôʱ㷳ˣ
ɿ ֪ΣܲһЦҲǺõģԼߵѩǵĺ죬Ҷ֪ǰһţЩϸ˵˵˻
һѩܶҶ֪
ҲҪˮƲԼһϵرľ˶е࣬Ѳɲͬ޻һ׹ͨķʽ
ǣףѩŵͷֱضҶ֪˵˵Զһ㣬ҪԵÿ£䣬
Ҷ֪һ㶣Լе㱾£Щֲû׳ԣһ̲⻰еĹؼӦգ˵ѩǳɲǳˡ
Ӳתͷ𣬼˿϶ص˵ͷٿȻһθٶһۿЩ㶼ɣֻӶߵһߣװ̽סʯڣЩϺĶѹȥ
ʲôãЦҲʲôëɾǸ˵ű˵´δζʵĲУҡͷ˵ЩּһﲻһɲǴҶ
Ҷ֪ﻹǵԼǰӶĵɫҰ˵£ľףĲУٱˣٲҪˡ
վڹ߻ްҲûݣȻһ䶯ĴУջ֣˿һͼһ˸Ծţһھͽֻǰһ̻Լڵľ޴Ӹˣ⻭ĳ֪Լ˸ӡ
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Ҷֶ֪֪ķͱס۾һһµű˳ĿڸŻ˼£סԷֱۣ˵ﻹë޵ĺãЩﶪƼ̫ˡ
˵ѩ̧ͷƼԼ˸ơ
Ҷ֪ﴭҼǵаɫ⣬ǲ
ţºЩǸΣҷ˺ûýɵĵӾػˣ˵ʲôû档
ĺݵʱĹһͷ㵹ˣβͽ˲ֽЩʳɡҶ֪ԼԹֶֹһŻ
㵽֮ɻ֪λص֮˻ᱻɵһƣⲻó뺮ȴֻͽȥͿˣֻڴ˾֮ˣǲԪӤܽһա˵⣬һۣĻȴֻǴҶ֪һġ
ʱҲ˾ڲ֪ͻƸ߾֮ʱܻЩĳ·󷨲޵޽Ƕ޷ǾҪһ֮ˣҵʦ𶼲޹֪һߵԶ
Ҷ֪ﻺܾŴԣ˫ԥһ˲ססԼ۾֣ʵʱ󣿡
Ҳѩôߵʱգ֪ЩŬЩ˼ڴ˼أް壬ϸҪܻˡᵽЩݹҪɫʱǰûƺЩ˾ͺˮ㣬յһĳЩڵʱǣҲˡ
ˣﻹܻʱ򣬡Ҷ֪֣ɫüۣ˵ҲȫȻûãҵãһҪߵ·̽˻Ѱ˳ʳΪ˸еĺȥ
ɫЩ˵ʱ룬ҲܺãԳˣǾ䲻֪Ϊ飬飬Ҳһ˾ͳɾء
ں˵Ǳ˹;ڻþǼ˼д棬ǵɾ壬дԲģҶ֪ﵹûаλ˵壬̸ֻ֮ǸӣҲǸЩۡ
ڻþ￴һλˣ˵䶳ᣬǶһͻƾ磬ܰ٣õеĹؼҲҲ˵ĳϲŭֺ룬ûгϹЩ䣬´ҲãԹ˵ҲգڻþʼάһԹߵѣԣô˵Լһء
٣ʱ򣬿㣬Ҹмˡ
Ҷ֪һ˵ʵ⣬Ⲣǵ֪֮һʱпĻǶԼľ򣬶Щʵ̫УĿڵ˰̣֮ʱʹģӱģǻþʦͽ˴ɵ·֮һĸ
ԽǴڴ˼綥˵ʿڸ֮ʱõʾͻԽӽʵǰЩȱ֪Ҳ˿Է𿴵ĸ࣬ΪҶ֪ĳ֣һλ˽ΪԼֻأȴҲƶ˵Ĺ켣ٻ֮ʱ
ҵϣһոңԸǵõҲܼٹ˽һˡҶ֪Цݴ⣬һƾ;ûʲô˽ģЦ֮ˡ
ʵҲ˽ģеӳҶ֪ÿüۣԣҲָ֪ļ䣬㻹ܼǵλħ٣Ҫ㱻ͬ࣬ҲκκڲȵĻᣬֻҪһջͽݻţһղʦЩħжħɾͲƣԣΪлǱȫɽٵĵط
Һ𣿡Ҷ֪ͨļ份ѵĲ֣ǲģʹڲؾһĻҲֻܿ˵Ӱʱȴӽ˵ħҺġ
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ħһͺܻôǷǲֵ𣿡Ҷ֪һ࣬Щ𱸵˼ҲǣҼǵһģ͸ˣں׶ˣôû
֪ЩǵؿָָԱһֱĿο֮ɫ˵ѩǣʵ㻹ǵ⺢˭𣿡
ӣҶ֪ƳһֵۣѩֽѩǣˣΣҪ͸ȷһ𣿡
ǵԼλʦ𣿡ĿȻС
Ҷ֪ͷ˵ʵۡҼǵðôȻҲҪ𣿡
ʵ֡
Ҷ֪˼һ󣬻صϴ|
ңҺǰˣЩйصļ䣬ôѳ֮˶ģˣ룬ҲҲգҶĵݻǱźҶ֪˵ϵ˼ǰ󣬻Ҫʵʵ˵˵ħҶģһס꣬ʰݵ£ҵĵӣ񾭳棬ҲƺҲû⣬ڼңÿһƬζ˵ã˵
ЩҶ֪ԻüģҪǺԼϵõˣôôҲЩԼļ両֣һֻѩؾҵˣȴûа˳ֹĺۼһΪûѣôôεĻǸ𣿡
֪ѩǼڲǽĻˣϽıز廰ؾҵʱڱ͵Ϯ㣬ңлУȪϴʱ͵㣬壬۾ֱˣǵ㾯裬·Ŀ죬ŸɲʱٿһΡ
Ҷ֪Ȼ۾˲ֿԼֻ˵ʲôϲͼӴףʲô龰ɫѩ˰֣˵Ϲ˵ϴ趼Ǵ·ģʲôɿġ
ʲôʱˣ
Ҳ𣿡Ҷ֪ȱ𣬻ǲ֪α⣬ּûĵĺҪ˵һ죬˵ˣԼԽԽҺǸ˵Ĺϵˡ


86 Ƿ
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ʵϵҶ֪νʱ ;ÿĿЦļ֪ȻֻЩɼҵ£ͱϮ󷨣 ͻһЩϹħ󷨵Ĺ֮ͨ
֪ һѪħ֮󼤷ΪҶ֮˵ħ 󷨿ƺ ɶԣȴǰ㲻 Ҳ֪ǰڳвһɵ
λڵĳϳѪħ̽ؾãҵ֪һ˵оһɵķӣҶ֪ҡͷ Щ˵Ǹˣ ᲻Ტǿƴֵ壬˵ʹǷҲЩܵƤӵ£˿ħϢ
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˵յѩ ΪʲôȴҪ壬Ǿôϲףӣ¾͸ѩȥ治ɫسǺӱȿ͵ȥ
ֻǺһǽŲ˻죬˲ںڰûӰˡ
Ҷ֪ɲëӵİΣҲ˵ѩˮｻ˵غ֮Ҷ̨֪ĹҲЩ룬һ·ѩǲҪĺôɱΪû
ߵĴɽǳĲǣĸԸˣСһüûҪԼλʦһʴԼȻ˵û˵ٲһֻȴ뵽ѩǰˣҪֻ۵ĹϺҪ⺢ӣҲһϢ
һҶĲλħһ壬ǴħΪʲôԭ򣬲òҶ֪߱ԹԵ˵ţĿⱾûʲô㣬̸ƼʲôԵͻȻӵסת˸ֻȥ·ʱ۾һ˲𾪣㲻ϲҾͲˣҲû˵û
⻰ڣ־Щˣʵﻹ治Լܺλ֮ͬʲôѩǵĻ٣ѩЩ£ɲǰǼĿڵˣô˿ûӳ񣬱ϾԷһЦݶ˫ޡ
ǺԼ˶Ǻ¶ԣѲһĵײܹܽԡõ˻֪˵ʱ򣬿½Ƽʲô壬ֻͼһʱȪе
ԼĴԼҲǺˣֻԼȴӦʲô˼
Էֱ̧ۣһ˾Ƶ˿裬Ҫͷʲôͱ°ͣĿֱӣԣͷ㲻ϲġ
һֻµģҶ֪ůرסԷȴҲ뵽һֻǽˣСһģǣúܡ
ʵСһġһڻһɵؽǽߣǰ˸硣
ҲϲʲôȻһϲ𣿡Ҷ֪
㵹Ϊڴǣ˵Ż˲䣬Ҷ֪㣬սֱ۲ˣˣϢһ°ա
ȡ֣ҿһֱ˵ţҶ֪ԼԴૣ֣ľˡ
Ǿհգôˣ˵࣬Ҳðοһ¡һ˴һʯԣˮǲôߡ
ֿġҶ֪ǰһ̻ģôô˿ͷȡˣƫȡ˵ĸ˶ίһ
̾һ̧ǻҪˣ֪Թ˵ģͲҲ𣿡
Ҷ֪̬֪ôȻһʣ˫˷ҵü˵ں𣿡
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Ҷ֪ﱻ¶̵ٿȻһͷζ˷ˣ̾ҵʦҲΪ˽ʲôϵʱ򡣡
ֻҪΪͣкβɡ

ʵ˫֮£ȻﵽȾʿѡּ֮׵ķʽãپҶ֪˵Щۣ֮󲻵òһֻ˯ƣ룬ϲӵĸо
˱ڻһḧδʵգؿڼϣƵԺ˳ĳػ𣿡
áҶ֪΢Щ
֪ЩĵڣǺüˣҲϢһˡϵ££Ķͷ
Ҷ֪ȴ̧ƿ˶Է°ͣĿԼֱʱۣܿüͷ壬Щ΢ƵԹ˹߰ԼɣΪҺЪң
Ҽˣϴµĺۼһ㶼ûˣ㲻ڣƵͷһҧˮƵʳָֱɫϼƳָǹֱסļ磬˯ɣ㡣
˵仰ҲϲҶ֪ۣ仰ĻģҲָЩԼĸܣһΣĵ˵仰ȴҲĳϣﳹʧˡ
˵𣿡ӣںߣ˵ĹڵģħģҶ
˵һֱûиңˣҿӯƣжϹȥ˼յģҶ֪ǿžִ˸Ƿɲ˽ģȥˣǲһ㣬ʵҵлΪ࣬ܶ˵ļ䣬ҲӰת˵ԪӤ䲻һգ̨䱻ȡԪӤʿᵤӤʮ꣬ϰ꣬ʵա
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ںɹһգڵھǶʮ꣬һʼƵ˯ȥزŻһߣԵһ̤أ˯лܻҵ֣ҾҲŲһѩضˡ
Ҷ֪֣Цһ΢ӯ˫ۣ˵ʮ꣬Һϡ˶˵طһʮأΪܴƽɵļء
㲻ˣҶ֪˯ƽ͵ģһʯ£˵Щҳ˽飬ʵ㾳绹ȹ̵ʱ˵Ҳ
˺ȻȫˣҲܰķȥЩаǴؾȴҴȥͱˣԭÿ꿪һؾȴƺȻʧһ㣬Ǹħ̫ŸɵľӢӣֻһֱڷԸ̽飬ҲٶѰҡ
˵ҶĻֻħΪʵεһ壬ЩˣҲҪ㹲ٲǸһԸҲǶʮħ˵̫ˣΪֹΨһҵǣɽ֮ǰһǶˣҲǽŽǵϢܿƽϢȥħж˿һ뿪Ҳ˳
֪㻹𣿡Сĵزһ鷢
šҶ֪Ժ
ÿպʱ۾Щ⣬˯ɣһֱߡ


87 Դ
Ҷ֪һ ʶֽŵ˱һЩůȻصѩӵߵÿһҹԼÿһνӴ Ī㺺ͳļ¶ ⿴һĶʮ Լһÿÿİ˵İ˵أ
ˣͷ ¶ѵա
Ҷ֪˫쿪˸ ǹԾ˵§סĲСèƵز˲䣬ҺȻԼûڲƭ˵ԼְˣҪһûй֮ʱ 㷢ľȱ飬ǡ
ţ¸Щ صļϻҪ˵Щʲô
ҺȻͲ뿴ˣл飬ЦǺαءҶ֪ŶԷϴĳǵĵ Щϸѩ ȴΨܸܵůܰ㣬ôõһˣֻҪӵһξ͸ϣô£ ֻΪů ѩĴ
𣬡Ҷ֪ﷴỽŶԷ֣ һ䷳ػӦţȻЦˣҲֲ㿪ЦҶôãǲǸýҡ
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Ҷ֪ǹȰĵߣ ҡͷ˦˼ϽߵȴԷüͷɫɻ ҵ飬 ǣ֣ǰȥȴƶڵ棬ֲƲ
Ҷ֪תӽǰ صؾһ˫סĶ䣬 һһƴǰܶԷü Ŀֱӣ˵ҲʲôǶ㣬Ҫ֪ҶԸ㣬𣿡
֪˫סڶߵ֣ɫǣںʲô
ֻҪ˵ҡҶ֪ӶԷܿԼԻŵɫȴҲܿͬһأ̫飬һʼͷ֪ԼҪһĵӣʾڤڤ֪֮Ψܲħš
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һָҶ֪Сװģ࣬Ц𵤶ûУĻ׳档

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Լûɹ飬Ҷ֪ѿڶԼѾ¹ԣ˳ĵ£Ŀڵ˵Ҳμӹ˵Ļ£ڻǲ˽⡣
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Ҳ˭ģͱźĳϣԼ̫俴һѣ˿ԼǺ׷ͯʢʱȴǳԼҵ۲ݡ
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һʱһѹȥҶֵ֪ᶼˣβЩ죬һɱѹòᣬӴιһһֺЦƳǲ֪ԼＸˣ˵Ҳһ죬ǻָŶ𣿡
ԭЦһأʶԼᣬҲЦЦİգ飬㡣
֪ʲô𣿡Ҷ֪ｫƿЩĨĨ۽ǵ۹⣬ǸڿصĴ飬ûûȡ
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һ죬Ǹϲ3000ַ£۸ңҺ漸Էֿ


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ȻóĻԼҲǽŵģ ˸ôסźãһܻӻ׵ҩ˵ ЩʡԼõ˼Ƕˡ
ǴնҶ֪Ҳͬ齶ˣǶԷ֮䣬ԶΪһ·Ϣ ҲδɣҶ֪ƫƫҲǴʱյദ˳ζЩڴˣ ۸л˫ޣʱ˽黮ֵ㲻󣬷Լ԰Ρ
Ҳܼ˵ĺʤĵģ Ҷ֪һӲʱ֮ˣ ҲЩ밮˽˾˵ľԶʤٶһµŬҪԵԼԶ˵İ֮壬ֻܿʲôã ̽еİأ ʾҪ
νǸ˵ɾڸڷ䣬ĸԸģ ȻҪѰ°ðǸ˿ôɣʰȤ;ͱ˿Ϊȫİţ˵ĶӸȻֵ֮ͦȫȥһļ̳˾ǡ
ѩΪһֻֻ֪Եѩϲ
ͲΪҪǵˣԸֻһڽϰջ֣ʵڲֳܱϲˣ֡
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ȻʦͽˣҲȺط羰βҶ֪Ŷ룬ǽ˸ΪͨʵĽѣһһֵʦڵģûûˡ
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ûϵСӳԹҲϴģǴҶ֪Ȱ˵Է̬һػĳڽɵһ顣
ȻһҶ֪ͽͬʱһǼ߷ݶȴһµĸߴͷڣһϡ
תҶ֪һӱĴҶ֪һ񣬾ͱס˼磬ѵĴʦ֣ͷǡ
Ҽ񣬻᲻ٰҶ֪˵͵˸ͷ˵ֱӴӹײİա
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ѹ˵ҪմȾ̫⸱׽Щϵĺ棬Ҷ֪һ͵ݣȴָһŮӵ̾˿ϣ룬󲻵ãŲ¡
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Լȥˣ˼˵ҡ
Ҷ֪ﱻһѲ뵽ɣɣȻʦŲңһ˿ɳϮзһ仰ȴûиʦΨһδ|˵壬ʦĿܻʦ𣬵ʦľֻǽԼˡ
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ԣĿ⵭Ȼǰ
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Ҷ֪ﴩ֮ʱ˳ӿɢ̯ߺƷȻ両ЩǰȤ£ִڴЦȴʱʱ͵ԼˣͶѯʵĿ⡣
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ȻڣʢӳȫޣҶ֪ĵҲ̫ˣǰ˼ǻΪǸׯȢϱҪһصʱ򣬶ҪȥʦǲϲƣοֻϲϵĳʳЩֵǮ
㵹˵ǰȥܼˡһϧΪ˵Ҷ֪ﲻżԼǣԵȴԼϷ³ɼ˻ȥⱾñӺǻ˳ôĿ࣬ǸĵӱȻûԼоģ˵ϵδɾˡ
ʲôأȥ䷹˴ĵһܣûΣҶ֪ͼ𽥰Ҳ֪ں˼롣
˲һˣ϶ɰա


90 ϲת
ˣ ɣҶ֪ȴǱһЦӯӯôģ ̾㵹Ҳˣ ĪԽã ˼˼Խˡ
˵Ҳ켣Щɢ̯֮СĪ˸⡣
ǣ ֳǽ򣬶ɢıνģ һȥǰؾʱҲˡҶ֪ȴǴԼĴоЩ
ǰΪֹڽ𵤣Ϊ⣬Ļѷʿչͻƣ õֳһ֮أ ȻΪͻƽ𵤶ʯܵЩӦǼҪֳǵġ
ûмⳡ»˵ùȥɴδͬʱ˵صɢֻƬͲϳˣɲǾ ʢ
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Щ ڽ Щɷ羰Ҷ֪ͣפ˽Ų˵
Ҫǰʱ ֹ̧ǰеĲֶҶ֪ʾ˵
Ҷ֪ɫ࣬˵иѽӦþǷ⼸£ǰԼʱӳĴ䣬Ѿȫˣòֹ˶ʮ꣬Ҳ뿪ؾǰ£ʵʮͿʼˣҲ֪£Ϊἰ´δ
ɻǵtɫɻѵԱʦ˵һ
Ҵδ֣ҲϤ𣿡Ҷֵ֪ʱλħҶ֮ʱһ㣬ͷһƬհףʵ˺ܶ£Ǻȫҵģҷȫûӡˡ
˶ʮ꣬ʬ˵ˣʲô˿޷ЩĲжϣйͬһ˵£ʶĨȥˣ޷ʦվʹȥһκ硣
˵زԾˣҶ֪ɲԼľͰһϲı
ԼͽܣЩеģ̧ͷƳ񣬡ʦŵƷζڴˣַΪʦ֣Щħ֪⡣
ԳΪʦ
Ҷ֪ü֮ˣĵ˸ˣֻǲ֪Լλʦ˺ıѾ
˼ƸյĵطţȻȴҶ֪һ
֪룬ǻĿ𣿡Ҷ֪ʵ
̾˿ûϴǽҶ֪׿ڸ֪ħĲԼһֲ渵
Ҷ֪δ𴫵ҵǱλʦĻҪ棬һ·ͷʱʱҪӦʾأŵƽʵլԺǰ˼Ƿ֮Ļ˼
ֱڶϵһ£ֱܵľֹ񣬴һߣû˵ô˿أ㲻úô·ңӰ
еˣЩ㵱ҵģħ˵ĺûֶʵѣҲŪ㵹ԼŽȥˣ˵Żǣ֣²ԣɻҶ֪һ˲Ǵ̹֮Ȼǣһżѽ˵֪ˣһô㲻Ϊǹġ
ΪʲôΨ˵ѽҶ֪Է֣ͻȻȺ֮ʱĶ˺
רģαع˼Ҿ͹ˣսǷǶδյ֣ƱգŵûֻظָŲ˼Ķ֪лҪѹ˵ͷһ·ٳ
⵽һЩļţֻߺȽȫȻҵ߹֮ºˣҶ֪̾ϢһĿϲǺס˹գӳÿ˵ϣЩѪɫȻЩȴѾҶϢ죬ЩܵĻǺεΪҺȻи̫õ뷨˵ûһֿ´ڹʱֳѾһˡ
һֿǣΪⳡ£ħtʦš
δǽҶ֪ﲻ̫뻳ԼΪõʦ֣ദ״Ҳƴǰ
һ𣿡һҶ֪һ߶ǰ׻Ӧ
ҶһλϤѣҶ֪Ҳʶ뽪ǰദӶԷΪֵܣѣṈ̀ˣܻǱ˴ȡЦЩƳ籸Ļԭĸ𣿡
ˣҲһ·ͬУħ֪Լڲؾ̫ո¶âǻɱҵķȴܿ϶以ͨ٣ǻͷ¶ǣֻħֿ񣬶ǣҲǣ޴˵ȼȡ࣬Ȼֳָء
Ǿ棬ҹ£һԭ˵ġҶ֪ﲻ֪˵ʲôźãȻֳǲŷֵģȴͱˣƫܲ£ִδζܽ˽֮Ĳоʰ׵˵£̵ͽܣ֮˴˸ĵϢ
Բ˵ҹúðʡҶϢĲƼǣԺУת˫ֽգ̾Ҫ׶ǶҪħ˵Ļ֮δûлˣֻܾȫˡ
ٿȻԺдչҫĵطЩĿնĿܷݣ˺ӳ棬һŲ԰׵źޱȣҲչϵɲǣһ˫ĿѪ죬ƱŭĶޣźеĵطҧȥ
ǲŵˣһȴǲǰֻס֮˵ֲţһĿư΢ҡҡͷ
ŽʤħֿƣٵȵȡҶ֪ƶ˾ܾ
ǸΪȡħ֣Ҳļȡȥһļ䣬Ǿ˵İ취ͷһǣκͲᣬ֪ǣǸ˼֮ʱֳǣҴӲںػ˵Ըҽħ֮¹˵ǱԼ乲֮ͨ£Ȼ˵󷨺ľ
֮ǽѲ죬֮ʱİСĿռ˲ϢĿЩ˵ÿһֻʦѰĳ飬ҪͣڴˣһϨ𣿡
ҿԴһ뿪ģ̣ǡҶ֪ﻹȰ˵࣬Ҫܲ˴ֱ뿪˸ûԼ˱ڴˣֱһֻǰϨ
ǲȰ飬޸ʵ
˵Ȱ磬һһľɽܱ˽ģҶ֪졣
֪¼ɣԱʹǣߵģ˳Էڴˣ֪Ŭһᣬĺܺã㻹øáһ䣬ھֱɿһ˲һץסҶ֪½о٣һǰĨЩͻнѷ顣
Ҷֻ֪˷Ķްŭ𣬾Ȼһգһۣ;һӳ˺ѿռ䣬һ˲ʮħޣʱǱȣյȴҲòٴΪǱȡ
˲ϢģҶ֪ҲǱӵ֮ǰλΪޣûüĵطȴħ޴ܸڿУıȴǱվݶϵĽס
ߡɫĮȴڶǶ
һħ壬Ϊħ־գܷʩˣħϲȴջ˱ḧӣ۽üҵǷ֣һ˫ɫױݹյǣָ򽪳ֻСߣúݵİҶɱҷӵ죬ҲǱˡ
һһɫϵѪԲϣвͫʣݣȴħ˵ڿҶĪħ䣬ϻڵֻЩ||Ů|𣿡
ʲôҲԲħһ֣գⵤӲǱ˰գôûħ޿ۼȴܴļ϶һˣʱԣ֮ˣ˭֪Żһųļһ˿ȻûӰȥ޿ˣ˵ôᱻǿȥ
лҪ˵
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91 
Ҷֳ֪̳ھֳǧ֮ɽ 亹乣ֻϥ͵ڵϣǾɵģ ԳС
ͽܵҪЮ ˵Ҷ֪̻Ϊ飬 ǲ˼κ˵ȥģ Ҷ֪ﲢôЩ֪ һԳԼ˲óˣֻΪΪʦĸ;ܲ˺
ǻһȡ֮˺ ͹˲޹֮˵˽ģ ѡ˵ӣǽڴ·֮󣬽֮һƷ￪ǰûҶ֪ħƷ£ ᲻ͳ˱ߵħ
ʹܷһжtı Ҳʦţһв˻ɣֻҪһ֮ʵ ˵һܵķ °빦
ΪҶ֪ϴǽ֮ܽ½ͬʱеҲǽ ʱʸ֮ģût磬ʹɹԼǻվħģôܷݣջǻǰ֮·ĶħԸ
ֻҪȥħ֣ģ
Ҷ֪ĶͷڿհѰɢļ䣬ңţֱֳӵŮˣԼļ䣬Լģ˭˱޹ء
üģǣħ֣ȼ𡣡Ҷ֪һȴ˲Ϣȥ
ʹܽĻסֻҪһ˷ԱˣǼǵӵģҪıѸٶλһİ취Ǹħ֪ȴԵ
ǰ㱨ĵ£ؾ춯ΪҶĵ˾ͱУԼħļҲΨڲؾʹһĻл棬ʹ֪пթҲòһˡ
ӵ̵Ҷ֪ǧɵǷ裬˲Ϣĺϵڴ֮ܳͬǽҲһĹϸϸֻ̽ɢĴȥţ֪ؾƵڲ֮ڡ
ؾĵطԳͨʿԲǶڰ֮Ҷ֪ԣУ֮ʱĽЩȻҲŬģӽڴȴǿһˣɼȻؾ֮Уؾ˷Ըġ
˿̣Ҷ֪վïеһ˻Ĳǰһ̣һᴥƤϵƣ֪ݣؾڴ˼ĺϢĵطĹ
«έƮˮ峺ֻҳǹΪһ̽룬ˮ֮еһСʯӣһۣŤתһɫ
Ȼ̤ؾҶ֪ȴöδƶһⲻйƬɽɫţΨ౯һķণϻѹźƲ㣬ɫѹ֣һգ޴ĵط
дһͯĵشҶ֪Ķ䣬ԵıܣȾȥ·ȴһ˸ߵĻĲݴһھһĺӲס⺢ӵȻʳ븹
Ҷ֪ﲻԥһͽնɱ⺢ӵȴûˣӱڻУιһŴ󻹵󣬾ͽָ⣬ΧŶֹ֫Ѫ
ԶĽŲ̧̾ͷֻƼһһŮоɣŮϹΣŵӦ⺢ӵ֡
Ҷ֪ڶİ˵ķδȥ磬ڲܲ˿֮ʱͱȥ
ŭĿӣȫȻ˵ĴߣָҶ֪ǳɱҶ֮𲻹죬˼ٽʬ
ûҶ֪ػص
һȣ졣ϳ鶯Ȼŭɶ
ҧϵģҺθɣҶ֪
ȴһֱĨŮǰ˻۵ӣȫ˷һģͬһ·ӵģһת͹Ҷ֪ǰָмԷθлѴҶҷԳ嶯δע⵽зù󻹵ĪҪ
Ҷ֪ͻصĸ׻ȴڷſӵ˲䱻ŮסۼĿת䣬־Ҫ˻ˣŮȴǱźӿ˸ͷǸѿȥؾҹҪģҵжβҵ
̸֮ͣ϶£ҲֻǱƬ̣û࣬Ҷ֪ϸŮλƣ΢üͷʵ֮ˣ
ǣؾʮأ㣬Ǹ£ҲͬӪأפĵطҲؾнʣľˣʹҹҲж֣ŮţһѽһԵק˵ӽһƬɼ׹ɭɭֱʾҶ֪˵ֶҧһڣϣۿžҪҹˣѾѰӪأ˼Ҳİ˵ġ
úõĶ츣أƼҶ֪˲ؾĴ϶½Ⱦħĳ࣬ѹƣ󷨣¶ҲԼйأ
뿪ֳ֮ʱչ磬Ҳľôҹˣ˼ţͼͻɵְһ֣ŮӺȻܣɫţ˵ҹˣٲǰУҾ͹˲ôˡ
ŮӼתߣȴ岽ĵطֿ޺ţôѪֹˣߣҲˣؾϾ˭ܾ
Ե֣ѩۼɽ¹䣬һʼˣͻԽԽ󣬶еˣѷ֣֮ʱֻԳˡ
Ҷ֪ȴҲǲ֪ؾ绻أڻ̵ĵطδ֪վػԼϤȺ֮Уʹаٶ񣬵ͬ˼Ҫоס
Ҷ֪޶һƬʮӪɵСӪأ˵رɽӪһδΧǽһȦһɣɵĿӵΨһɺʵľɵ硣
űߵۼ˸İˣȴȴţּŮӻ˶ǳˣ˵֮ˣڡ
ŵλѣιԹ󻹵ˣҲΪ˸⺢ˣſǰġŮ˵
֮ƺӣǴ΢˵ã
巢֮ĸ֮˵ŮںϱȻһֵΣ
Ҷ֪Щּۻ۵գǰͷûУȴ֮ɫص˵ͷóһ߹ľźɫְ˰Ҷ֪ͷһƣͼ֮˽ľųӪأģĵطһںϵĹµ
ҹ˼ŲӪҶ֪Ϣһ۾һξһƬޱ޼ʵѪأһ˳վһֻɽֻŵϣŨŨӯǻƣܵĽĵط·ߣת
޷˫ֻۣܿѪʱʱ̽ľȵ֣еѪ⣬еǰ׹ǣżȻҡΣΪάƽȣ޷ͷ壬Ժȴܸһ˫˫ѪģȻ㱳һ䣬ȴûܼҪ˾޴־ʾ˹
ɾˣıȻ亹乣ξһҹܵĥǲݽġ
Ҷ֪תתָϵɽ䣬ջ˵ʳҺ䲻ʵ԰ͼجεĺöɲóˡ
ʱ󲻾ãڹؽӽ˵Ǹ˻
Ӧ˯˰ɣİ˵ЩС
ʮǰĸ˲Ǿҹ֮۾ͻجΣ˲ҵڴ˵ضʮصˣȻ֪ܲ޵Ĺأ־ˣҹˣͼ⣬˯Ҳڴһ˵
ʣڴ˵ػϼֻܹ꣬ùҲ֪ôģ˵ٳϼ꣬ǾܳȥˣȥҲ֪мŴ󻹵ԼҲˣɱҩͯЩ
Ƕÿ̤ɲǣȴǲһס˺Ҷ֪ս֣ɫȻϣ˫۾ͻĿɲʵǺˣҩͯʲô˭գۣҾ˭ػǲҵĶ֣ҪˣС
һ˿ٵգۣҶ֪ɿЩ֣ĿһƳ̴˿˵جεյ㣬ǹʾǺӳ˵ҩѪǵ֧ȥάԪԴ㲻ɱҰΪʣÿ˶һյƣҹδ֮ˣǽǰǴҹͬģ㡭
Ҷ֪ջ˫ֲǺȷӦ˲Ϣ˵Ķͷֻ˻ڵأ˵ҹ۾جΣȥǵħա

Ӫ⣬ɽŻĥֽŶڼɫһԵ˫ֶһˮҪӽȴֱˣֻˮѵˣ÷ڴ˴
ڵϻͷĺӣΪѵҪϴϴġ
ԼѪ𡣡һ˲廰
Ѫвʢĵط
ĥҲЩ˻۸ʲô⣬һͱ˺ͯľߣЦª֮ʱֻ쪣һƬҶüģһ̣ԱҶж
һҹи۵İɫӰѸٴȺУ󷭷ɣֱЩɫ֮˵Ķϣһ־Ϳȡȴÿÿͷ£һһһŵ
Щȫ֮ǣȴڵƬ֮ʼߺ캰أġ

ޱ߼ʵĻҰɪǺ޺Щ˵ûһ˻ҹðǰУɻһ˯ͯҶ֪ҲҪУ˼࿴Щһۣ̲סҪɱ֡
ǲȾħֵĿܣȴѵŷ˶ΪĶ£ͨجθ˵Ŀ־壬˵öⲻ˵ЩԼħ
ȾħпɾΣЩ޵ˣָδãֻǲؾıɽһǡ
һʱûע⵽Ҳǳج֮еĺߵˣĲݵϣֻһֻѩ׵ࡱһ˳˶ëҫƵҹ£ɢһͯߵĴС
֮ʱͼѩ˫һؿҶ֪ﻳﱧŵĺյҹ㵹ãбĶˡ
ص侲һ𣿡Ҷ֪Ƴѩǣֿ۵ϵ°һ㡣
ԼĶҪҼ񣬡ѩǲõȴҲ˻ԼļʰӵģСţʹûбҡ
Ҷ֪Ҳ֪ǸұŪˣΪѩһͷ׷Ҳϲĺӣͷһ̣밲οСһһ¡
ʱѵģȴûʱһָѩǵķ򣬾һԶųʶ֪̽һȴһҰһ̾ǺȻص
ʲôˣѩһڣҶ֪֪춼ˡ
ֻ̤ҶĽŲһƬǰ͸һ˵Ӱһɫҹɫвۣ˸Ϊж㣬δۣԸխսɫһȻû⣬򷽲նɱһͷ޻Ѫδɵ齣
һһ߽Ҷ֪ߣűͿʶΪվһսѪ۰߲Եĸңһ˫ϸԷǰɫ۾ȴڿҶ֪һˮеĽŲȴھҶ֪֮ңʱͣפˡ
ֻһºЦ⣬Ŀڴض˵֪
ˣҶ֪΢üǵԼˣǶԷȴЩЩ˵
ʮˣһ㶼ûб䣬ǣüһָָԼüģЦݺһδĺӣȴԼȾѪһ£ԼüĻ˸ˡ
Ҷ֪ҲǸԼ߳˲ٵĴӣβӢˬȴ֪ΪһԼЩĪľֹʣüһ죬ɲɵֿɰˡ
ҺʶһˣҼǲˣδۣ°ڴƷӡǣǲڵĵӣҶ֪ʵ
Ҷģ㲻ǵǲʲôˣҶĿеؿȴԷʱ˿ˣɫΪż϶֮£Щʦֵܸϵ֮ʱȴѾǱʦˣЩ㷢ʲôŻῴҶ㣿
㡭Ҷ֪һʱҭ
Ժ˵ħҲòªɷģʱһԼѣ͸ò˵αƣɽһȴֻ㴿ݡ
˿ǰҶģ˿˿ҲǰΣѵΪħһһ֪
񣬼Ǽˣû˼Ϥ˶ʮؾװڵĿܣ˳ˮۣҪʲôС
ҼܹˣȷʵʲôǵˣڵĵӿҲһиӪʲôģҶ֪˵ŻòرܿԷٴ֡
شĵҶģԶܹļˣͷһ΢Щ¾ɵĺɫŮӣȴһ۾ͱϳˡ
ŮܵҶ֪ɫתΪɻ˵Ҷʦܣôڴˣѵؾڳˣ
ǣգҶ֪֣ȴ̾ʧֵзҶ֪ʦ㡣
ģ뿪˵ˣղǰĸ߰ϲ֮ɫԱȴҲǺܿɫɻΪʲôǻӣ


92 ħ;
Ҷ֪ｫؾ֮˵֪ ԼѰؾڵģȴģײյͬŻص̫½ ֻǾؾ֮ ڵʧˡ
˵رϾľ ʹ֣ Ҳƾͨľûʲôź ֻʵҪԵһƬ
յǹһľӢӣ֮ʱڴ֮Ȼ޷뿪ʵҲǽܵ죬ʦݻοҶ֪Ｘ䣬 ӵĶ飬͵ڵŮ˵Ҳȫڲƭǰȥļٻ ؾȥһҳ췭ظı仯ģҹ֮޺УĽΪӦҲ̫ɣʦһǵõֻǰգ Ǳ٣ ʤ
ΪβЩһҹӪرգҶ֪ɫɻ
缸ҲˣҲ˵ˣҹ۾جΣ ļ˿־ͳµĥ ЩľһЩĵͽʿǺѰģǾͷֻЩˣ ˼Ҳ̾ҡͷɵӪػкܶ࣬ǲɣֻҪͬ뿪ȫȫżɣһ˾ͻŮˡ
ŮȴһĲͬһǱҶ֪ﱧŵĺӣ˵Ĳȣξɶҡȴ˼ȹƫ;ԽԽԶҲνʵľߣҲµĵ;ǵߵҹϢҲǸ޿οɵİ취ˣֻҹԽԽϢѰҳ·ʱԽԽ٣ܲԴУķʱ⡣
Ҷ֪ͷϸ룬ӪȷʵǷθ죬лҲԼͬţؾ֮лȹֿεĳһͻж˵ؾûԼô޿ɾҩ
ҶʦܣԸͬУɫŻȴָָ˵ҶҪʵġ
ΪԼʣҶ֪ûлͷ
˵λüͷĿ⣬ȴûס죬˵ĵĸ飬Ϊʮؾ͵˰գˣ̫ˡ
Ҷ֪һ㶣и飿
ȻʦһǵõΪڣ˵˲ٺûأ֮ʱͬͬס꽻ãڸؾǻᣬ㻹˵ԼΪȷ⣬֪̽¶أ̸ЩЦȻЩҶ֪ǰʶˣһ˵Ǳ飬͵͵һӦִĹ±˰ա
һ·Ҷ֪ȻҲתƹ⣬ɲ䣬λʦ㶼ܰѻ˵ʱΪصľʹʱӦǴҽ֪ľҲܻ䣬˵żȻмӻһԸͼ䣬Եһء
Щν֮µģȻһ䶼ûȥûгڷֻЩмᵽһЩڴ϶µţ͸¶ϢȴЩǸ֮С
ʵЩ˵̬ȣһʱ;˵϶֮ħϮĿΪʹ䲻Щ˵˶٣ֻԶɽŵ뺮Ϳ֪ħɾȻǧ֮ˣȴЩͬŵĻɡ
֤׶νѱȵ죬ĺ£ͣ˼ҾͶǴ㣬Ǽ𣬵ǶԼƢЩƽϵģǲԸΪƣǲ˽ȺΨһգļｻ̸ĴҲָĪ˵ǽˡ
˲ڵӪأҶľŲԼסҶ֪ҲûпƾܣҲΪԼһ˵ĺӣǰһ˼ĿӪʷЩ
ҶӪĥĥʰŶżȻ᲻׹ЩֳЩÿÿҶ֪￴򶯾Դܱﰵ֪йأһΣҲ͹֪ò𴩣ˣҲǵЩͷ
ϣ˵Ķ𣿡Ҷ֪ߵûüСԣҰĶ룬һҶĵĻ˵һֶţҲ֪ôЩ˶ĻŲɣɹħй𣿡
Ѿ˵ˣ˶㣬οҡҶЦǳ
Ҵļ֪̽ʲôҶ֪ĿֱӣɲҪ˵ʲôΪ֪һ˵⣬ǿ˵һͬ󣬾͸֪Ļѻһʱ򣬾Ͳȥˡ
Ҫ֪һ˵⣬ͲֶΣҲ˵ȥⲻʣֺ֮ĨǣͶԼҪʹںľأϲˣӽ
ҶĲסһ˲Ҷ֪ȻһѴӶԷϳԼֻѩָſûôƭңԻȥ룬һͻȥҵڣסһޣҲشµĲɽ䣬ᶫôࡣ
Ȼˣ˵Ļż䣬㶼ϸһۡҶĵǱôĸо
һˣ˵ôѩһҶ֪Լֻһһˣôƫֻͷںһξͳ𺰸׾ͰˣҲ˭ĵ̾ͱ˭Ĵȣͺ˵˼仰СһȻʵʵħ˻գ۵Ĺֺõԭ͵˼ҵΧˡ
ҲãǰӡҶ֪
Ҷ֪߻ص齱ߣƼ˵Сҡͷ˹ͺȻ̧ץס֣һ˵ġȻͷԾҪըˣֻһַҳǺи𣿡
һҪԼǰСϵϵϴϴڼٹǲǶҪˡ
֪ﲻ𣿡Ҷ߽Щ̧־Ҫȥڶϵ֣ȴǱһ»ӿβֱӾ͵˵ϡ
ãҶ֪һָǺŶ֫һͬʱڸΪǺӵ˽϶֫ʱļǺ޲ģò߳غұߺߺػ֪ǺóѩǱŻˣȻҹǸˡ
˯ڵϣָָֻϵҶģüĿ΢ôһ˲ԼǱˣҪ˵˿ûб˵˵Ӱ죬Ҳǲܵġ
ĺÿŨü۵ģʱŵĺڿⷽ棬Щƣ˵òгһӵĸ飬ǶȻûпܵġ
ħҲج
˵лڴߵʱ֪̽鱨ҹҲԣҶ֪Ǻƺתջ֣ϥڵϵߣָҶĶϣȴЩԥˣǱʶãħ֮ΪͲܾڸ롣
ϸָٴҶĶϣҲ֪΢ĴǵĻǴξеָϵĵطܸоһ֡
мأ֪̽һ˵ļ䣬ƽ֮ʱڼаٺһ˱֮УľŻñ֪̽У޷԰ΣҲмأصӰʩͬݻԡ
ܶ˵ʵҲвòðյɣħˣ̹Ȼ档Ҷ֪˯òȵˣջ¶˾ıĿһʶû룬ûȴ˳һ˲Ϣ֮ǿȻһѪȡ
ֻһָл㱵۾ӳľһŽߵ˫ڳ˵ɫͫǰΪİ䣬ĿһλߣĿΪһ˫۾ûκζܹµӰƫƫҲһ˫۾ע⵽ӭ˲䣬·̶ս˹⡣
Ҷ֪˫ۻδӱ֮ʱѪлָɣܸоħħԴȴǰ֮ˡ
ͷҶĹһǵЦݳаȣ޶У˵׽ħͯôҲ㱧һ·ġ
ħͯҶ֪ͷҪЩ룬ȴײһӲ
Ҷһνͷɫ˵ڻͷͻһͫĿĵˮҪε㱳ˣ㻹ҽЩź
Ҷ֪⵽Էһֱ۸ԼļϣûʲôҲ֪Լνġħͯ
ô˵ˣǱ˵СŵˣҶһתһ졣
Ҳħͯ˵ħֻĿҶ֪ɫЩ䣬ȴЦ
ҵĻԼҶĺʹջֶ֣Ŵ齵ķ˸ƣƹʵ򲻱һ仹ſʵҲǼ޻ǸһǰǸҶĽȻ෴ϡ
Ҷ֪üԷһҹ֮ľ޴󷴲Ӧ˭ôаԵ˻ǸղŻ˵ǰǺӵǸ°վھ貢δȥֻ΢ͷһƣȴֻһƬûʲôӡ
ƭңҶ֪ﻰͱ˴һƵϣŨħϢէһڱǾǺȲֹȴǼʼٸüͷһһӣͽħϢɢˣҶ֪ɫΪŭЩ죬һƻͱסһƣȴǱ˽һ
ſŭȵ
ٺӪص˶ˣǻ˵ʲôŶСʤ»Ҷĵͷ˫һᣬЦݸа˵˫֣չ𣿡
Ҷ֪ﵱûзӦ˵ʲôһɻ󣬿ɾô飬ҲҶľ۵ףֵֻͷѩ׵ᣬ̾Ϣϲǵӵζֻˣǲ㱳µʦˣ
ǺˣҶ֪
ħģҶµؿ˾ˣ˵ʣٻشҲش
ǲĲлꣿҶ֪
ˣҶĹһͷһתֵûشǡ
ȻҶ֪ļ䲻˵Ҷڴ϶֮£ǿԴ磬ڱϵģлһ˵ͨˣΪ˾ģĲл겻ӽԼлжµĲǺĶᣬԼںϵ
ıǶǴ
Ҷ֪ڶлںϣǧŵֻأΪĸ
ϵ˹Ȼ֪ʲôʰɣûˣҶĵĺЩԽԽֳ̫ĵطᴥҶ֪ﻡȾºÿļ羱ԽԽõƤңϲС磬һҲٸǧ
һ⣬ûĲл𣿡Ҷ֪Ŀ鿴Էһһ
һ£ȴǵסˣҲƬ̣ҶľʹЦţĿؿǺ޷ˣһͷʨסһֻΪƻĺ꣬񾹻ЩڶԷ֪˵ŭҿɶûкôǱĹ߻ˣѾ֪ǿʵǫ֮𣿡
֪𣿡Ҷ֪Цһڱ׵ʱ򣬻شⶼǲӵģԥˣΪҪġ
ӻͦɰġҶĻ䣬;Լס˫ֽ
Ҷ֪Ȼ˫־ʹ䵽ҶĵĿڣһƽѹ£˿ȷʵ׻λãӸ֮ȴû˿⣬ֻһ𣬾ҶסԼʧ
ɫڵĿڴһɫţǴƽûĥҲûħֻ˵Ϊħֵİ취
ҲӦش⣬¸֪Ҳ޷ɱ֮ʱҾȫˡҶ֪
ɵģȻбл˽ģһǴеʹԼ𣬵ϣ
վѡ񱣻Ҷ֪˶Լѹơ
֪ϲңҶ˫ۣ˵
ҾʱҸ֪㣬Ͷ¯ĥ£Ҷ֪ûΪԷ˿̵Ŀ˼õѣֻǶ߶£˵ˡֱԣĸ飬ҳܲ𡣡

ʦܣǲ⴫ĺ
Ҷ֪һ˲˲ع۲֮ˣԸһΨƷǣסлںϵħ˵Ļٲ룬ǲһͬɢؾжħ紫ָħֻʣһ˿ϢжĿܣؾҲ˵Щ־֮ˣվն⡣
ʱҪⲻʿҵµħ
ģ֪յЩɻ󣬸ָżس溰ؾüĿˣǵǿѽСˣٲǰȥֵֻõ϶ʮꡣ
޿̣һƻҶȲµĽ磬׻֮ʱЩĪؿģҪֱÿӴ˽ȥǰĻȴסۣ֣˵ʲôûǣǣǿЩʰãЩ뿪ؾصţǰʲôʲô
԰գվǲ˼ת˳ȥ
Ҷ֪ϣһ˫ؿǹؼʱ̷ѹµˣĽǶȿȥҶĲͷʹߣȻҲ֪ʲô
ĲãֻǺܿϧȻǷŵ̫ˣ粻ȵˣҶΪԲʵƫͷȥЦһ˵ʦصţ᲻ҲΪʲô
Ҷ֪һ
ҲΪȥˣѾؾˣҶ˷ƴûΪԷ˵ҪɱԼҶ֪ı˵ϲƺΪѰ氮ؾؾ֮ŵĹ£ϲ踺أħȡղܼİػɵĹ£
Ҷĵ˵ȣûлӦԹԵ˵˵Ҿ͵һϲһˡ˵ŻͽҶ֪𣬲űȥ
Ҷֱ֪شţΨ˵ҼʧˣûָȥôҲħһǣк˼
ȻΪңҲǳ׸˻꣬ô࣬壬ұһΣҶĲײߵ⣬Ŀһ˼ҵģѰ࣬ҲҪ㣬Ҫرš
ΧʮضֻƾҶһ֮ԣҶ֪ħ֮ȫ޸ϵϿ˵ƷЩͽʿħԿ־廯ΪЩ˺γֲγһ
ǲƼգظĴӣּʦֱ˹飬˽ǻȸԾЩֱǰϲһҶڴ˶Ը
ɼΪ˷ӡɱħľҶ֪ȴֻǿž񣬲۾ΪĶ˵Ǳ뿪ؾӭ˶פأѰؾڵĸʿ
ҵڣЩػ̫½ˣȻǲܼûҶ֪ΪҶ֪ҵڣϿɶ죬μѻͼӴ׵˵ͬİ汾
𣿡ҶĿŻ˯Ҷ֪Լͦ˵ģЦ˵ΣйҸ档
㱻ţ𣿡Ҷ֪ﱾǱ˿ȴΪЩᡣ
Ҳ⣬ԸⱧңǸ𣿡Ҷ˵
Ͳ֪ʲôǸ顣Ҷ֪
ҶĿͬһȴǴ˵ģħҪӶռо͹ˣ˵мû㣬ֳ֮£԰ˣʦ֣ҲѾˡش೤ƽȵĺֻüͷһȻʧƵģ˵˯ˣ
Ҷ֪ڷۿҪ֮ʱģȷе˵;ͻʱҶ˴ǳΪ趨Ҳ˽֪Ҷ֪߻ʣסߡ
ҲʱҶ֪رͲڶڵ޷ϸ֣չԱĻһؾʮأһصԣ֮أҪúӦ˷ķĵ
ſһüһƣ֮ʱǸߵзСĿϲͲֱӴһʦ棬ˡ
Ҷ֪ȴۼֿһŽԷ׭˰ȱ˵ҡҡͷ˵ˣҲϲֵ÷зʦƢɲãзˣҲ֪Щʱģ
ǵȻûʲôһݵģ˵Ŀ֮ڣٹ£һ뵽ֻѣ̶Ӧײеġ
ֻ˫۵˵ͷҶ֪﷽سŷ׭˵˼Ĵٳһμѻǲ˽зĹϣάͷѣҪˣ˵һ

ʱ󣬵˶ڹĶҶȥʵšһ׳ʱЩö߽֮Ҷ֪ﴬյˣȴֻһзĵӶǰǸΪѻһˣ̻صз塣
̤˲䣬ͱһѰ֮Ͼʯϣ˵ϥѹ棬һָܵķʽӲѣһ˫۾ȼһŻֻϥһĲֳǴĻȣͷҧ΢ĺᡣ
֣Ҷ֪ȻΪ⧲ĽӴΪ鶯Ϣ΢ҵһְԣ̾ҧҲʲô
ҧá
ֻһ䣬Ҷ֪˲Ӷ쵽˲ӸȴҲҳڴˣ˫ס˵ɫлҪ˵
㲻Ѿ߹𣿡ɫȴǽοסԼϥѹѹ㴫˵ĲʵĻˡ
Ҷ֪Ȼ۾ˮ⣬˫źȴǻЩǻԼֿ󲻾ãһͼԾȻָ⣬ǧ֮͵ִ˷֮Ҳֻ˸󵨵ĳԡ
ƴ˼أħѻ̣壬ȴ޷ãΪǴڣң֮ãħ򲻹ˣħҾȲκˣҶ֪Ȼһ̾ڣĿѣԣȴǻƾŽ޵ǣݺƳ𣬵۶ʻ𶼿յˣʲôˣ˵ǲǲʵ
磿齣׵ϣඣ죬һǡ
طҶ֪
ҲӦŭͷ𣿡
һϸO@죬࿪Ҷ֪ǿҧʧѪɫĴù۽ϾǿδľӨ飬ţҼЩɣܿͺˡ
ǣ֪ġҶ֪
ΪѾһӦˡ

һ룬һԹҶ֪Ѿǲ֪رڵĻˣȴҪδûаֽ˼һѹµ֮ˡ
ֱİǶҪһɢ˼ܣ𷽲أȴҲȼµĻ𣬽յҽȫޡ
Ҫ˵Ҷ֪֮ˣ˯ۣһתͷͿ֮˼˯ðȣǰûһߵ˵ϡ
оͺáСӵ˿Ҳʲôʦˡ
Ҷ֪ˣҵʲôĶãǲִģÿƵʱǰ㲻ƣ;ǰͿֲĵطˣǰΪɱħѻ꣬㾡ҲƣЩάѣһţͱڵû˯ˡ
ȥҶ֪ɫƳһ
ֻռƣѾĺܺˡ볢һ£Ȼ仰ǵȼըҩһѻ𣬻ӦѾˣһƷ磬֮˿Լұ֮ʱ֪Ƿ˴ĸҷųȥ
Ҷ֪￴ǻδصţôô˳ۣ˸ŸһЩһƵʹÿһͷһ׵ǣص齱ߵһ˲ҪѿƵġ

Ƭ̺󣬵Ҷ֪ſأ΢Ĺػʱ۾ֻ΢ţȴǰ۶ûƹԴˣǺüնˡ
֪ȻʧȥǶӣŻôġŵһּάһСͿĨƷľ¶

Ҷ֪ʣǸӼᶨǲˣǷ˴ļӺߣ˼˵ܺߴûӣҲԪӤΪǿ֮˲֪ƣˡ
ʵΪȴĹһˣھ쵽ӡúܼʱֵֻ֣ǴοӦҲǱŻġ
Ҷ֪ȴŬŬ죬ֱӽ۾аЩ»Լ˿ģο浱ԼĻǶǸûεʦѧ
һ⵽ؾڵô಼õģ֪ҹأΪԸȥ𣿡
֪Ҫ£˷ִ磬ڴˣһΪ㶼ԼǸʦءҶ֪ˣЩյص˹ȥ
˭֪ӵˣݣħظˣħˣ˵Щϸ΢ĸ飬ҪӶռУѰ˸˼ңŭңҵĵķ󣬲ͺԥطֻҪ뿪ؾֳܽǣһͱҷȥȡɽħħ֣Ϊǹֵ塣
ܸԼܣҳ߯ڡҶ֪ﻹͬ˵ģħˣԽħ棬Խܷħ֮Уɱ֮󣬷Ǹˣ˵˼άȥ
ǵ߹Ķ֮𣿡
ǸʱıӦò걻ħռϷ磬ʵǻѵʱ򡣡Ҷ֪֪ҶʵҲȫȻûΪѵʱ⻹ǻ꣬ؾ֮УԼǰ󿴼Ҳͬһˡ
ͷֵΪ֮Ϊ棬ᱻ֮ˣδؾͻͽˡ


93 Լ
᣿
ʱҶ˵ һ޳ɻžûлˡؾϾ϶Щ֮ɫ Ҷȴ׾ٵشĻ硣
ûħ ֻʱħֶΣ Ǿt˵ΪȻѹҵĽ磬 Уȴһǧ Щ˵ħڿ־зΪ뷲˹һޡҶ֪
ΪħͲħޣҪĿܲħϢ ˵Ķ ϣͷ֮ʱЦˣȴ̧ڴ 㵹ǻƺÿ죬 ת۾϶˼ˡ
ԪӤ˭֪ûϢ޵˺εΪǰֻ鼮ϿϵڵĴǧ֮˲Ϣȡ׼ЩǺõġҶ֪ɫ˵ 治֪ԼС΢кοЦˡ
ɲأ 㵨Ӵǧ֮⻹أ Ц⣬ǣ˵ʵԼһġˣǵϲ˼ҲǶԵġ
ҲҶ𣿡Ҷ֪ĿЩЦ
ҲѽҶҶӣѩǣԺͽҶѩǣԺ˼һ֪˭ɫׯأҲ֮
Ҷ֪һغԣҲûסЦŲߣҲͰˣֲǸ䣬ĻǿǰӸϺŪġ
ЦͺˣˣҲ˿һԹһ˻Σʵ𣿡
㶼Ƽˣ˵Ҷ֪Ƴһû˵
û˸ף𽫳ɿ룬Ȱס˴ڣ˵ǸӣӦûֻѩ仯εֻԽԽ࣬ǻ켣о̷ᾭŬΪʿ˵ǻþϬӣһݿ𣿡
ѩǲһҶ֪ܲһ˵̣ǲϲÿĳ˵֮ʱһλָӵʦ̵ĵӣƫƫδζôͳ̬Ȼתݵ״ʵһȶ˻ʲôЩʱ˵߳
һΪΣȴԲ裬˵۹ȥҪһ˵֮ʱ֮ƽദЩɫ׻º͵ģˣͲǧƪһɵģˡħ;ܿ壬룬ӦҲԽһġ
ǸЩҶ֪һ֧Ŷƺһ˳ֱк£һѩ׻ϣճϸĻȣ񱻺紵Ĳˣ֮ȴΨ֣֪е
ǿ⣬ȴƼŲ۾ֻǿ˳Ļ˵ûоǵͯ꣬˵ȴҲǵһμ
ŶҶ֪һתζ۲תǳЦˣֻһǰ΢ָ⣬һһ|ߵֱᴥ|⣬һһ˶ԷƼ᲻ɴݵڿ˫۾ΪɲǣȴǽԷڴĴ˶ߣʦһ£||ˡ
ôˣмҶ֪ʱϸ۵
룬룬Ҷ֪̾Ϣָ⻬ģȴһһɵѸ˿üͷһǸͣһ˲ˣɫ޹˵˵ѩǶϵԼɡ
ĿⲻһƳϷŪ䣬ȴȻ˿ס˺ԣһδԷǼ٣ֵĻ˻ȥǸղЦ˼Һ͵˼ǰûˣԼĺ˳
ҲƬ̵飬ָ΢飬һɣѩǴ˳Ҷ֪ͷԺֱԷǷſ֣ŽƽϢע⵽ɢȥ⡣
Խѹ֣֮ӣֻҪ̣Ҫʲô͸ʲô
Ҷ֪ⷬһεתӲĲӣǸʵʵԼߵĺӣȴ⺢һ̵ܽصͷĿ𾴵ؿǸֹˣȴݶׯˣ˵λãй⡣
ֵΪڲؾΪ顣
ѩˡ֣Ȼܳһѩ䶶˶תҶ֪ɫ˵׽̵ڵʱ򣬴ùϣ򲻹ܣɳǿΨһۡ
Ҷ֪ﱻ⸸ӶһһͣһãȻͷǣۼѩˣ˫۵Į˵˵Һ¡
ˣѩǰŲŲ˫ֳϥǣһ޺Ĺģ׽̵ܣǿǿӲЩģҾϣǿЩģ㹥ҷأǿжϵģװͱȡ
ôСģҶ֪Ц˵ţתͷǸĪЩοɫˡ
ħ˵ǿҪǫҲ֪ΪǫҲ̲⺢ǫǳ⣬ҹ˼ʱܵǰһЩЩڴĹâʵô
ʲôôװǽ󣿡Ҷ֪ɫϷʣʵ
ԼĽ̵ʽЩ£ҲΪؽһҽӣƷǺõģֻǻٶЩ֮Ҳǰ֮ҽ飬飬Ҳζһһ⡣
ϲҶ֪ҡͷЦЦ˵ˣǿŤĹϲ𣬷»ʩ̡
ѩǼ鲻غһ
ţҶ֪ʶص
ȴѩ˫𶯣һ̾㵸⺢ͯģǿվģֻֽŲصԭһڴϱı󺰴ţҵˣڲˣҼͥԲˡ
侲һ㡣Ҷ֪ļ̣ߵСһȻһ仰ꡣ
ѩʱ˷ţýȥ˵侲ںôЩ꣬˭侲
Ҷ֪ҪЩ˵ͱס˼磬λ״˴ǿҪ𱸣ҡҡͷһ½Լģ
Ҷ֪ҲֵʡģԷѩΪ֮ʱദʱǶЩЩ˻Чĺ÷ӣǾЦº͵ν
ѩǣҪԼҶ֪ڴĿ£׳⼸֣ЧͼӰͼǰһ̻βĺӣһ˲Ʋ죬ſϳʴͣд޿
Ҷ֪״ÿ˵庢ӵķӣ
⻰иܵɺ𱸣ֶѩ˵Ӵ˾ˡ
СĽǣСʱҶ֪˵˵˰뱲ӵĲѩǽ˽ǺõģɳϿɹ
ûбҲûбСҶ֪εٴѩҪʣɫЩڴµƣ͵ĮˣҲСҲû׼£磬ûʲôβõľ֢ûʲôУûˡ
棿ѩǿ޵ú۾ȡ
ޣƢã㸸˵ϲˣǵ𣿡Ҷ֪һ䣬֮ɫ
ѩǻڰͰ͵زֱۣһ˻ȴ϶һ٣һ̧ͷҪ۴޵ģȴ̾Ͷһ˫ֻɿ֣ʵʵ˿ãСֹ˵Ǵܡ
ܴҲˣ֪ᰤ㻹𣿡Ҷ֪°һ˵ʮļҳȡ
šѩǵͷ
Ҷ֪Ǹ˵ĶѾˣҲˣҲˣĸԸŲ˱˴꣬ȷ˴𸴣ٶԣʳָƼһѪԼĻһתԼķģһѩǶϣ統Ȼ˴֮ʱȴһɫԼĴѩǶϱĳ
ˡҶ֪

ҶƮ䣬Ϧһؽɫչ⽫һӰںߵˣһžһˣԡůâ£续
̧Ҷ֪ü۾һƬӰȰչ񣬿ϸЩ۾
ľôˡҶ֪ջĿ⣬ǳЦߵ˵
䵭֮ʣЩԭա
𡣡
ڡ
Ҷ֪ọָ́棬ȴǲ֪ôӺ˵ֻҡҡͷ̾ܿĻ̫٣ء¡ɽ顢ԡδңδħ٣ʿͬһ˼䣬ħȻⱾʿĽȴɷ˵֮֡
ѵ
ÿζԶй¶Ҷ֪ЦЦʵиԼһͬˣˣֵޣ淽ʽ䣬ò䣬ƿǣʵδޱʣ̸֪ͨģǴ˼ػֻѩһֻε
㻳Ǹʣ뵽ѩԭͣɫЩɡ
Ϭпɣⲻҵѩ䲻ǻڻһѾԶԶЩι״˦ںͷˣҶ֪ﻹδǰ޹ѩǣѲԼѩˣþǺãҲûʲôǫˣֻһ䣬ľͲôеˣֻҪԸúУר־ͻǿĴ
ǰǻ˵ó˼ȡֻͼ𣿡Ҷָ֪ۣͷ꣬ҲֻǼżԼ˵
Ҷ֪ɿ磬˽ջòתΣ˿ûвΪǸΪʦ߶˷ļŹΪ֮ڻ˲ʱ˵лһ㶼֡
Լϲģһûʲô¡ΨҶ𡱵ˣô죬ˣɡ
йΪ̵ִ˲մȾ̫ʱҲй֪ޱһգԳ֮ǰԼ뷨˵ĶԣˣԼĳɳҵ̬̫ìˡҶ֪̾
ȴڽ⿪Լ֮ǰһӡ
Ҷ֪ͷЦᣬģЩݶԷůҲЩƤĿɰ˵ô죬˭㿴ͯʲôӣٱôȥֻٹʱգСһҡһ䣬ӣɽȥֶϱˣٹ꣬׵ζû鹻Ѿˡ
ɫҶ֪С̧ĶͷȻһϣ˵˵СûˣԪӤ
Ҷ֪Ŀָָ̨֣˵㵹ط֣ôͲڲ
϶ûУһз壬ҲѾԹˣ⻰˵ԣȻ֮ʱֱкβףҶ֪һ˲ϵе˵ʵģ𵤽Ӥ˳ٳδ̨Ҳеģϵ£㲻ҡ
㣬ްȷʵûԪӤ˼ԪӤᣬѾһˣĻٸĵҶ֪Ҳ˵˵ʵֻҪӰУûһҲν֮˵紫˵һ㣬ʵмʵ֡
кڣȻǵһˣһɫ档
Ϊң˽࣬ọ̃ɵǡǡΪӦ߹·Ҹ󷨣ħţҶ֪ﾪ΢ȣͷͿת֪Уͬʱַ֮ϡ
ڿҲɻ
ǣԼתô᣿Ҷ֪Ҫջ֣ȴǱˣֻ֮ȻֳһӰӰֱ֣|ըת˲Ӱ֣һйƽ
ֱֹͣתסҶ֪֣˵ɾ˵ٺ˵򣬻µĿʼ
ħҶ֪૵
Ȼڣ̤ʯ
ա
Ҷ֪ǰ˽зס̴Ӱǲ̫ı˴˵İΣ
ɾˣҲҪ˵µڷ䣬ϾһƷѹħϢ֮Ҷ֪Ҳȥƽ϶Էǵ˶еռǱ˵ϵһϹˣŻĵ˰ɡ
жδ̤ˣ̵ҲǽϹŵľ޷ԼڷŵƮǺÿա
ѬƣΪڴˣڸ˵ĸоЩ壬˵뽪зԺ˶ᣬ޿ɺǣܻħֵӰ죬ҲֹܷԱ
ɵҶ֪Ŀеϵľ޴֮ʱʵһѣǰʮһԷ˵Ĵ齣岽ôҲһ棬ĺʦһλΪͽܳϸȫĺˣȻͰ˶˵ϡ
ôһ˲ȻԼʦ֮ΪʦԼĴ󴲺ţԥ˯صʱʱԼǲϲޡ
˸ǶӲŰҲڵϿһء
Ҷ֪ȼ𣬽Ƕ˵ıڻѵһ˲ֱַ˵һѸٸ֪ںϻƣڽϻơ
䱻ΪۣʵȾħֲأȴǱħƣʶһƬۣҶ֪һҪ򽪳ĶͷȻͱ۾ûס
Ҳ֪ⲻ˵ģֻҪ֣λħͻԼĳɹҶ֪ݺݵռԼʦʶħŭлԼ˵ҪϤ֮˵֣ôʧݵ¡
ۣ˫ĿѪͫһתУУѸٱѪֻ߲źϣȴһ˵ģǲǾͲϤˣŶԣ֮ʱ˼Ҳ
л˵ҲûʲôġҶ֪δס֣һϮ˹ȥ
һ˼ȴδ㣬ֻñĶ˵ΪħĴڣһƣǻҪġ
ʲôҶ֪ڽǰһƷĽĶɢɼһƵ֮
ҵȾӢӻع飬ʦͷϲˣҪ硣΢ЦƦ
Ҷ֪￴ЦݣҲ𽪳ԼЦʲôģ˶ô꣬ΨһһκÿЦջǱЦġ
ô򵥣Ҷ֪һŽɡ
򵥣һϯϣųȫңʲôŶˣǲǶܺáЦ
в˾ͷ˵ҺáҶ֪ЦһٴһϮ˹ȥȴȻδ㡣
ֻЦõ⣬һ仰ʹĶ˵㲻һˮƣͿɻԼʦְȫԣӦҲĵӣħɲôҶҪЩġ
˵ζشһҶ֪һЦ⣬˵ʦǺݺݵطˣ


94 չڼ
θɡҶ֪Ե
޹أһ ϷʵѵǺҺ޵ȴκҲã Ϊ㲻嶯 Ȱѹŭ𡣡
ô˵ˣ ˵ˣǰЩľ룬 һȻǿ߹죬һݣ ĺܴҿźܹˡ
ˣҶ֪˿
ƥأȴµȣ粻ǻϵȵǵΪ ҲʵԸ㣬һ뵽ô|£ ޷԰Σ˷ܵߣɱܿҶ֪ٴλһƣһν Ǻݲģ 㵹ơ
Ҫ㡣Ҷ֪
ɱҲɱԼͽܣ㡭δ˵꣬ͱһһߣֵЩ󲡳 ȴֳϣ ŭôСʦ˵ģ
Ҫ Ҷ֪ȻһƻĶͷ᲻أý˴һںѪҶ֪￴Ȼ⣬˵仵Ϊֱħ壬ֻΪεȲŻἤԱҲˣǲǶܺã
ˣ°ںѪ𾪣ָ⻹ЩҶ֪СʦҲ̫ˡ
㻽ʲô
Ҷ֪ﻹδӶħźݻȫȻع鶼ǹѧ˼òʱģ˵ͨͨһʻӣںֱаûҪҪ˲١
ڵҶ֪Ҫúλʦֽһµʱ˾һͻ˸ƺ˵ʦǵӲˡ
Ҷ֪ɿܷŹ֮ףѵ˳һĳƺ˵СʦͦõģȽˣǵҲ̸
зҹʱ
Ҷ֪۾ſͷŵ֮˵ǰһͬӴ֮ʱĸ˵ԼΪҶ֪ûнԪӤǹȴͨڳ˵ת򣬺ϵھȱߵ߾磬ǰ·ΪΣ֪ǰ̨֮ԪӤ֮ˡ
ڴ˵ţҶ֪ҲͰ߳ƿԣȻĻϲģͬΪʿõζʲôȻ
Ҷ֪ﻺ˫ۣԶڷŵһɫһ˲ΣȴҲΪ֮ʱֻ̾һҪȥչأ
֪ȡزףڻʹڵһҲҹǹģǼˣЩ˼ϸ壬˼ȴǰģ֮ǰɽȥ֮Ϊذһ䡣
ѵã㲻Լ룬Ҳ̫ˣϻԷˣ͸ɴ£ҲùñŷıʾԼϲҪ˿˶ߡ
ͷ˵ܾãҲԻһߵġ
ףҶ֪﷭˸ǸҲΪˣüĿˣٿȻЩ࣬˵㱾Ϊ˸廯һ֮²ǰȥչأȫĸ;ڲڲ޴£˼ħϵҲǣкãЩȥչأЩ
˵Ļ㻹˼ġ˵ŻִӴͷȡһһƬ⡣
Ҷ֪ۼ˴ݲһĻûƳ˶ԷһۣƫͷŲߣٻΪȵӰ죬Į͸Щ죬˵ֳܷݺ£ȻΪңҪһ˵ͺŵȥԼҪĵӱû۵һЩ룬˵ʲô޸ϵһҪħ˵Ļһֶš
֪ỽعͷ̽ԼָŵһɫüģַӦǿİס֣˵зֲʵɽҲ治̫õġ
ţҶ֪Ŀɻ
һЩΪҰµģڻĿʱ򣬺úŰաЦᣬͷüġ
ֻΪźÿ𣿡Ҷ֪΢󣬻˻һɿ֣ʹԼǵԼüĵĻ꣬˵˵ʵ
ǣҲĿ£һЦЩС˵ʵԭ뵽ʧȥţƣ࿴˵ⷲģζˣҲͲˡ
Ҷ֪﷭ˣǱȡˣȴЦ⣬䵭һ仨ʲô
Ҳԣǻ˻ģŲãȻЩϧʧ룬ҴǰÿÿǱܿһãӱȦסĻ½˵ʵЦա
ǣԽԽЦˣҶҪΪǷңȥչˡҶ֪תͷЦգ⻰ȴЦ˵ףģ˱ͽº˽ֵ˿̶Էͳ룬Ҳжྪȡ
Ҹһܡסļ磬ɻúÿԼ
Ҫ˵˵ʲôصġҶ֪
ͷഥϲûϢɪҲԼֻҲܾĿ
ǣҶ֪ﻹûһԼĴ׶Եģ˵ôֱ׳۾գգӭ˶ԷЩĿ⣬֪Ҫʲôֻ˵Ҵǰ˭ħʴ㣬ǰ׷˼ҲͦΣյģ˼һ˾ռ

ʣҶ֪ﲹһƶԷļ磬Цζʮ˵ôû˫õ궼ʣ
ûָʹͷֿȴһ׵ľ䣬£ǲҪ㵣Ҳźá
ǹİաҶ֪Էŷһ̧𣬾ͱԷȥ𱸼䣬ּ̧ͷһУĿ˵֪һȥչصģʣҶռˣôչ֮ǰһҲá

Ҷ֪ʵƵģһħʶҡĵˣǸܴﵽյľģ˵ԼҲˣ黰֮ƽ̫ࡣ
գûгɹîʱŸһ·ش巹ýһ׳ߣٴ㶳סС
ǴʧܵδʳǸĽСģ޳ģг˿˿ƣһʦƣӣֻ˿ͬʱֽϸϸе΢΢
棬öδ֮ˣȴǱΨִ˾ٻᱻһλʦƼԵòأȷ˶Էǰȥ̽һʱزſʼֵġ
ûںϵ뵴ŨŨӯⲻķ䣬Ҷ֪ȷ޶޺֮Ҫ£һɿɰ
ʲôóԵģô㡣
Ҷ֪ｫСһȶԼףοѾûԼ˵ǻ㣬ڵöЩѡ
ѩͷ˵Ƽˣ׽̹ҵġ


95 ζ
Ҷ֪齩ӲǸһĺӣ ˵Ϊ㡭
Ϊֻ棬ûģȥѧϰ һ湦ûѧ ǲִ ѩܽЩ Ҫ̻ܿ˸ԭͣ Сɣ˲ʹܵ󣬱ĵ̨ϣһᣬ˵ˣ ⷨӺã¶žͺóԡ
ᣬ óԣҶ֪ģתͷСһһƳⶫж
ѩջͷ Բ۾ תͷһһؿ
Ҷ֪תӦ˵ô죿
ôôжѩ˵ŲŵĻֻСɵǰצȴǲͣغҰ죬ĵú붶ͣ
⻨ͺһ Խ Խǿжɼʰ쵵ĶĢ Ҷ֪üĿأҡҡͷСǲδҳԶģͷβΣצ鲻飬ǲβͶҪֱˡ
ͼССѩһ٣һ̾Ϳʼԭ׷βˣһģȴǿڳԣ𣿽ͷеΣǲжˣҪˣ
ͣͲˡ
Ҷ֪СһﵱŵҪʧǣԣֻβͣƵ̨ߣһɣһ𣬾ͼһ׷ͯųζС֣˵ˣξҪѽ
ֹֽͣŽӲͫɢ⺢ʣҶ֪ҲĴȴѩǼչһ״֮ǰ̹ϵҵԭⶫжô찡
ѩһίͰͣʧȥҵġ
ƼģˣҶ֪˵ͷҲѧƽնԼ˵̵ӶʦϣĳҳҺҪٹޱƽΪ˺ദ׽Ӵж
ĵԼʾĶôˣѩСЩӦûԼȰ˸׼|ȥ׷Ѱʲô磬Ҫãܸһкø
⺢ǽһֹҶ֪Żһ˵̫Եòԭֻ΢üʵѧ𣿡
ǣ򣬡ѩһ˫ۺȻƶҶͲҵĢ˵Ѿεġ

󣬵Ҷ֪޿ףݺݵǸΪûЦɹŻصʱȴһ޹ĿǸغͯ޼ɣ㲻Ҫҿͯҵľͺܺá
ЦЦңҶ֪ûطԼ룬ˣѩǺôҲǸԼôõ裬ô㲻Լ˼ķʽǰһģһ̣̲֮ϣʦ֮衣
⻰˵ĿɲһˡķȴǼһԹ̧Լӽ֣һʱûסЦˣҲ¡
˭ǸʦһᵽˣҶ֪ӵ뺢ͯģѩЩ
֮û뵽͸дôľӡϲ࣬־ָв˴ֻ꣬ķ**һţʱžԼ
ɲұ֣ϽתһЦˣϴģ룬Ʒζƻδִһʢһ룬ŨĻ㣬̾øһɾָ˰ա
쳢˵˵ĸζóԡҶ֪ٴζ룬ȫĿڴ
¶ȣһףֻ΢ף͵˵ǰĺãмζҸϲһ롣
Ҷ֪ͷĵϲζɣܺá
𣿡ʵ
ȻҶ֪ɫЩĪ
һףָ̾Ƣϸ壬Σʵһ
Ҷ֪һ֧򢣬ûߵĿ䣬µľɵĶҪ仨Цһ˵¶մȴ֪ĸã
ĶǺõģûҶ֪ڴɵĺãЦˣֻҲʢһ¿ζιߣζΪϸ㣬ȴƫۣҲҲƷƷǷ
Ҷ֪۽ȣСģķһ˿˿ģҲ˼ң˴׸ӦҲá
ʵʲôζ֪ܲ𣬾ǰ㣬ȳһٸжҲԼţ֪вĵħһ
٣Ҫ֣ӿǲܵġ
ģ˵˵ѧЩԺҲԡ
˵ģҶ֪ĿƳһߣЩѩƼҲһԵġ
⻰ǲ٣ȴҲĨȥ˴󲿷֣óԾˣɲ˵ķӡ
˵ѩǣհô룬ʵҲģ۱ԼһżѵͷԼұǸƶ֮ʱɾؼιͲҵˣЩ飬ҲҶ֪һҲûϽֵֻֻ´ٳҲǡ
һġֻδڣҲûüɳȥͼЦӯӯĺƿţֻһλҳͶĳʾĿ⻹ͷҷ̵ߴˡ
̴ţͷҲصˣɲɵˣһʱʹ죬ıȵǶ˽˸СѱһһΣĸҲ˵ǹˡ
Ҷ֪ﻹǡءһϵŸɵۣ;Լͷһɣһͷ˿ɢ˿ȴǸջعգգۣͱǶ֮סζ͵⣬㽥ӯ˿ǻӵ˵Ĳǻ۵ˡ
˫һ峺ˮ˿ЩˣԷĴɫ΢죬ӨȻһ֣ȴظƽ𣿡
ģҶ֪Ǳƿߣ˵Ϊɢҵͷ
ɫˣþˡӦ
Ҷ֪۴͸⣬һĪչûʱľɫˡ
ϸơתͷɲǣֶŴķһģǷŻͦõĵط˲Ͱˣ䶼ҹ
Ҷ֪ƼⶸȻ͵ߵҹһʱסˣҪ߹ȥͱקס֣һضⲻܲرɫʱԵ˵²ʲôһħйأ˿ǹؼʱ̲˴֡
ǵġ˻ˣǣǣ
ôͲˣ֣Ҷ֪֣أߵ˴ߣ˫ָһƣͱһקǽ߰ס˼磬ڵϹģҲ֪ΪЩǲǷʲô״׷ųʶֻ˵һδ⣬ħɱˣ
Ҿãܲǡص
λҪɽˣ֪ѰƫԶطѽƶͷˣҶ֪˵־ŶԷеҲȵġ
ǣ죬ͣɢͷ֡


96 Сʹ
ͷɢ֣Ҷ֪૵ ֻ˵⻰û಻ЩĿɰ
š϶
Ҷ̧֪һԵĴûʲô죬 ȻʶԷ̫򶨣 ǵʲô²Ķ ܷ Ҳ;䣬ǰĻ ˵ξͲܵһյˣ
ϲ㾪嵣֮ʱӡַֻԺȴҲʲô
Ҷ֪ﲻ֪Է«ʲôҩҲ˳Ŷͷ˶Էļϡ
ֽ䵽ı ǵǽǣ֪׺εƣ ٱЩҲһ֮ʱٷЩ
Ҷ֪⻰˶˫֣ ĵԼֿտգ ٱ֮˵ֻЩɹ˽ż⣬Էȥɺģ ˵ǽյĸɾ ϵƽƲƵϸ Ҳǰ㣬ȴԼп֮˰벽һ¾˸
Ҫ𱸣֡ꡱһȻСġ
𣬡һ¾ͱ˹Īıִ˼ĻǵԼǰù̽ԷķӦֻ΢üСѯʵ㷽ž˱㣬òʲ⼿ҴǰҲΪħܻ֣ء
鿴档
Ҷ֪Ҳûϣĸҵ飬ָ̧ıǼĿһϸϸܷŹһ˿һƣרע֮ʱһ𣿡
𣺡һ㡣
Ҷֵ֪
𣺡һ㡣
£Ҷ֪Ȼִ̧֣˸ָһػָ̾ȼһɫ|ֻǰ˼ҰͷȴǸ߳һأţ˵ħаǺһǸġ
̽Żһ
Ҷ֪üԣƳһ߿յأ°һ㣬˵ÿη˴ңûжϲ
⣬˳뷨ߵǴһɻ˵Ҫʲô
Ҫںҹ𣿡Ҷ֪˵Żߵ棬ִɽȡһţԹԵذڷڵϣϥãָһܿҪĿϢģ
ҲһȴŶ֮˵üۣһЩϸ֦ĩж˻
ȴҶ֪ｫȼŻַŵǰһΨһĹʧ˲˺ҹ棬˵պϢգټ˯Ҳ޶Ӱ졣
ͷ
ǣֻչ֮ǰϢĺãҶ֪֪Էֻ˵Щ޴֮Ļȴû˼ҳڣ˵֪˫|ħ޲|һΪȷʵ֮ϣһпתһȴǰ棬໥Ľ֮⣬ҪȥչصģΪȹһЩźá
˵ǱչڼҲһվͻǰȥôҲȽָˣҲӦз֮£ֹźã˵ŻͼⱾڰĵطȻǹ⣬ٻṇ֪֮̀Ҫܳ׸ʶˣֻ̾лҪ˵
Χƣ½ɫ⣬΢׹ѵһϢ֮ǳʱ޿̲ŵٿȻֹں⳾γܲ͸ļ̱ݣ󷨿ɸħʶǲķ˴ľֻʿ
Ҷ֪̣˫ۣǹɢ޾ĺڰ˿̾Ǳ˴Ҫʶ֪̽Ҳ޴֪˴˵״̬ġ
ü²޶ԭȵȻ֮ɫźڰ֮п˾ɰأĿδģ֮߰ˣô׿ɵ˵ϲ֮ʱ֪Ƕ֮ҲٿȻˣԼﵱġ
ֶǿ߻ӵĿ󣬸˼Ľ˳⣬˾һ⣬޲Ĺ⣬˳ʱů澳ʱϣ
ĹֻڶŮ鳤ΪʹԷߣʹںڰ֮УҲҵڵķ
ԸպһǰȥνϯҲзܵİţͿǰȥչءҶ֪
ǰ󣬵Ȼһߴ˼õǣ֪·ܷһˡ
Ҷ֪ԽҵĴֲԽ˷Ĳǡ
Ҫȡħ𣿡
ϲ޽֯ĹΪҵ࣬ʦŸĴԣۼΪʵն˿Ҷ֪룬Ϸħľʣ֮֮Уʦɱ|Тͽնȴһŭħǿбչء
Ҷ֪ﻰδ˵꣬ٿȻͱһߵϢϣǱϢֵϣߵȶü֮־ָĦġĴУǱڰԶԶԻ֮ˣ˵ʵ᲻Ұա
ԡҶ֪Ŀ࣬Ӳ
ĹºܶˣҾŲС
ΪΣҶ֪ɵûʲôףֻֽ˵϶ز㶯ɱڵںɵеλ|֮ˣˣǲ֪ˣȴǵΪ˽ɱͽԤıţֻһǻ㰮״СӶࣿǻħȫǵĶࣿʱһ˵Ҫɣѵ㻹ܶԼ峤𣿡
ЩȻ֣˵࣬ҶҪ˼˵ǲеԭˡһЦô㲻˼ĸо
Ҷ֪ҲԼ̫࣬Щ᲻˼ǲ˼ֱԼ˵£ŷ
оǺƺҪ뿪ߣԥؽק˻ΪҲʧ׼ͷЩöԷԼײͷҲǶĵˣ˵ʲô˼ģʲôûʲôã˵о͸ģ¡
һ̻Ӧģȴһᣬ˱ϣ˾һ˵ҶûˡĵʲôģҪ˵ǻᣬħģݲãĺù¡
һʷֿ˼ѽ˾ǹģҽͲ塣Ҷ֪Σ˫ơ
ԭвһģ֪Ȼ˵ˡЦ
ЦˣҶ֪һѰԴ죬ҷԴӰЦԺ󣬸ûˣܲʦһ˵ˣأ̬أ
ģů£һͲЦˣ˰ӺݣһˮĸҶ֪ﲻ֪ʲôҪˣֻϢƽȣҶ֪Ҫʦϣ˵֪ﰮͽʦиоˡ
㣬֪ܡҶ֪Ǻ֪ԷͷƵģԼŸ߳ܵҪ
Ϊʦ㣬˵ԱУбع˵ڵĻһǧ費˼ȴǳԴҪܽһ
Ҷ֪Ҫ֣ŷԼµ󷨣ˣҲӰԼ治ǶԷĶ̧֣ٳ̽󷨲źãȴֱһǣסɽȡɹһСŵ
ǰ֮һſٱɫģֻÿҶ֪ٿȻһ㲻ỹҪⶫְӰգ


97 
Ҷ֪ŶԷһһ ǹƶһ֣üĿһ֣Ҫ˸ҲĶ֡
ֻˮ߰ٿȻһڶ Ҷ֪ﲶ׽ԷַſԼһ˲˻ ˳ߣ һ̣ ڳ˷֮ˡ
ϻûԵ޹ĸԸذģ˵ǶԷʦ˵ Щ̵ܽҲ˵ùȥ˷ϷŪһû
󵨵Ϊܡ
ŶԷжҲδ󷨣 һʱЩڻ ˿̼׼Ҳδչȭŵǻͦ뿴£ԼܽϼС
˭֪
Ŀȴеؽսɽ䣬 һسЦЦ ЦҶ֪ֱ˵Ӧжɵ
㡭Ҷ֪һʱѵõڲԷЦʱΣԼڶζֿӻĶˣ ζֻԼᡣ
ǰҲ϶ôˣ Դǲ˵С˵Ҳ͹ˣ ƵϷ֮ҲˣżںҲûٷԼһ뵽ȥˣ
˵Ĳࡣ
Ҷ֪һΪԵԼǰڷĶȻһתָһĨһգͻһŰƴǣӨˮɷǺÿ
ƣͽǹ͵һĳ˵չ壬һǻԿɻһҷǣĺĺ顣
ǻԿȡ̣ü۱ҫøᡣ
Ҷ֪ͷ˵⣬̶ֻӳ˼γɵ΢СǣҲǺҵǣҡ
ˣһҪΪΣϧᴥһҫļԡ
ҲƵζᷳ˲һǻǧӰķӡҶ֪֣
ȴ½ȡԼǿҲ׺ȥĿںúñ棬̾ɲʲôζġӽӵ˵ʵš
ʲôҶ֪
ôˣһҪ̸жܵЩҴҲǺõģ˳ֱۻ䣬ǣִָ֣ɽȡһ齣ҳ֮ʱǿԻ
Ҫ齣ƷףҶ֪ﱾǰĻЩȣһ˵£Ҳ͸
ͷ°ͿڶԷϾҲҪҵسһɲ˿ùۣǲ˽Щʲôǻ޴ĺķ۵ġ
Ϊӻˣ粻֪ǺˡҶ֪Ц˵
Ҷ̵֪֣ʾԳȥˣǶʶЧһɢһҲչ⸲˴ɢ⣬ֵһ̣ɿ齣Ҷ֪ﾫµ°ͣ˵ǵһģҲȾˣԺ󻹵ӦҲźá
ӻֲʲôôʡҶ֪
жԱȣŸԵóϧʲôѽٴνӵ뻳̾㲻ᰲַз壬ýȴҲǱҪģ֮֮Ҷ㣬ҵ㲻֮һһչ֮ʱңǣҲֹһĻͬǻ᲻ܲǿгصġ
ҪЮˣɲˣҶ֪Ҳ̧Ӧýˣüͷһ壬оÿ죬ȥҲ졣
ѧˣⴥУ鶯Щź˰
պ
һյׯϣԸŮ޵ĲװΣҹʱ֣ǾڰɿԶԶ֮ҪһϼɣǺ財
ȻΪĳһˣӢŵİȫع飬ڹм׳˽Ǹ˶ʮصһԲżİᣬȻҲʵسƳֻǧѵһεŴ䣬ðʢǷ
ƫƫһ壬δʶδһ֣ƱյϲʱҲḹһ˭֪зΪԣģ˭ֲ֪˴βؾ֮УΨз״ûѣͻţҶ֪ɲλԴصġ
ʱ򣬵û˼ǻʦţȴǱ˺ʮأߣ˽۹ʮھǱڲؾĶ츣Ϊÿ죬ֻ֮ɫϢͲò˻ǲϰ˷ʵǵʲô˵ĺûԵ
ɲҺ˵ǱһŮС۵һ䣬ƴ˵Ļϻӡ
ǲǶλҶʦһôʢᣬͬϯ
Ź֡
Ϊ۵üһδѻء
ȴգüĿһƳųѹֹЩʶ֮˵һׯϣֻһ󼹱Ҫȥɵˡ
ƫź˵ĻȴҲûЩ˲˶٣ֻΣЩƣ̾Щ˶ʲôԼڲؾǶ˺õľǣǲӶ࣬ҲͦڴҶ֪ոģֻҪԼʦǸĹŰˣֳ֪ôĴţλԼʦ򱶵ûǺεߡ
ֻ׹ɱλһˣ˵ҲʦˣԼʦ˵ΪҪҲҪΪ䣬òҲǱλɢ˰ա
ʦܵϣôҲǷһʱߣøд׵ľ
ӵĻ׳ʣȴǱһȥˣڳһϯʵЩ¶ǸЩҴٹˣ뿪ˣǳԺá
տȡλãϯֵҶģǶ˲Уڲؾѵģ˲澳򣬵˴δζѰԵͻƣľҲδجţȰ߳
ŵʧǵǵ¸ʵҶλҲ֮λҫҲ顣
һƱյشƪ帺ŵľˮԣ䲻ȴҲܽϺɫ˵ĿһǸ߸֮ˣȴΨһĿ෴֮ˣչ¶˽ΨһһЦգǹǧˡ
ǰһ̵ڽ㣬˿̾ѻˡ
һϮӨҷط۵Ҷ֪ɫ䣬ڱ󣬽һ׺ķذţûаǰĸӢˣȴҲһǻԣʸ߻νǲţһ۾Ų۾
ûʲô۹⣬ֻһߵλǰɽȡһһϻз壬񡣡


98 ҹ粨
ôҶҶ֪δԻһϻ еȻǲƳʲôġ
Ҷ֪ȴǰЦ֪ʣ˵ǴòŽƻг ǵЩǰ˵Ը ҪûĻúŪ
Խժ۵Ļ Խ˽ʱ ƸӵħȴҲͱ̽˿Ⱥ͵ߡ
ָ̧ӹУ иһһͼŨƳһ뵿֮Ŀ
Ҷ֪ϸ𣬻ּǽҩַ˰ϣ ȴûȥԷ⣬ֻĮȻת˵ʦŲؾϾ ħУзƵƷ޼ɰ꣬ħ λд棬 ˵ҩ򻯣Ա棬λ Щá
Ҷ֪￴Щԥ ۷׷׵ģתҶ࣬ ԷҿϻݸһЦ˵ҽãʶⵤҩǺƶɣ
֪ΪһƬ⣬ҷ±ǣҶ̧־ͽҩŽƬ̾üĿ΢һ˲ָºͣһˣˡ
ǸеǸҶĶ˵£еⵤҩǺöּ˶ԻжⵤҩǳҶ֪֣֮ӳ״ƣȲñȴҲʵѵãҲͲԥˡ
Ҷ֪˿ӵػ˰˰ӹҶĲŶһͬʹɹһһõĸգҲʱʱͽ˵ϼ仰ЦУĿǲĵνǽá
ʵʶϾˣҶ֪ȥȥΪΪΪΪʦտЩħȻǲܿ飬ΪʲôˣǴδʱ
ʦȴδȣҶһƣ̾Ҳǣ㶯飬δҲܶԱģӵĲᶨǸЩܳԣҲ·ܿ㵹ǵȲãǽá
ҴҲܺãҶ֪ĿƳԷʱĴһſ֭ţккĻ𣬶Ƿ߹ˣܳ
ζȻһϿԱȽϵģҲǴеõЩĵãǻ궼ܱøϺϸҪζˡ
㵹ǻҳԿ࣬ƫô˵˵ԵλԸ⿴裿Ҷ˵ǲ⣬ȴһơ
ôõĶȻǶһݣҶ֪ĿʾԷԶһڰϵĵӣ˵Щ˳ԵĽζɲǷħǳȾħãҪֳЩġ
Ҷ֪ﲻԷѾͺһҵĹģԷɾҽЩħĶϴǸɸɾȻҩ˲ӣЩ˿ɲҪìͷָһˣ˵ϯ֮жӰħأ
С֪ѧˡҶĴЩ
㲻ǰҹ𣬡Ҷֶ֪Զңңһָ˱ϯĽ㣬Ķ̾˵Ŀ˳ָķȥԼƫͰ㲻⣬˼ҶЦҪұ˹עй⣬ҵǼá
ͼŻ̸˵صˣһѸȥ˼ȻֻǵʹͷˣһһΪѵǰҶ˵СʤʧˣҵǻȥϢ
ҶĵͷǼȥ֮ϯֻظ˻ЦҶ֪֮󣬴˵ò㣬ЩҲǺõġ
ΪЩĵȻħ˶ɢˣȥûʲôˣҶ֪ﴫ԰գЦӯӯؿҶ⣬ϯϴʿ˵ʦԼʮվνʦһ£֪ﲻʤм˵Ĺ˼ʦֵ壬ǵҩȷʦƵķӣҩǿɹתΪõʱҲһҹٷʦһз塣
áҶĴˬ졣
Ҷ֪һ䣬ǰһ䣬˵ͽ׵ʦ֮ûӡǣﻹһƬ⡣˵ͷҲأתߣգ۵ĹѴ˵ʧ
ڻȥз壬ֻŲǲɽ棬Ųӣ˲Ųʮһ󺮷˲Ϣһƻ֮ϣˣֻڽ˻ˡ
Ҷɳɳ죬ζǱϵ˱¹΢ҫɫӿԼϵ֣Ƶһˣ
Ϊ᲻ɱ㣬㶼㣿˵֮һɫ񣬺ɫħ棬ɫѼ
껻֧䣬ֲǱ˶ᣬǲǸҪЮƢ㲻֪𣿡Ҷ֪¶ԷԼĿڣֵµѣɱΪͼԱħϮʱ⸱ʵף֪ܲҪɱңء
֣Ҷظһ֣ЦˬʣһץסҶַ֪ŵԼͷñϣ˳ز˲䣬͸Щ˷ܣС֪ﲻժαװҵ֣Ǳʲô
ǰϷѵҹľˣҶ֪ջ֣һҶУԼи飬һϢȻ˿Ǹںҹеˣ˵ҵʦˣƭ˵ݺĻǲ㣿
ǡҶĻص
֮ңħ֣֪й¶֮ңΪΣҶ֪Ҳû˺󣬽ʵ
ݺңȡħֵ꣬Ϊҹ̻֮ǰôЩʱôҶ˵˵ˣôա
Ҷ֪ЦһĿģӶα㻹ܼȴ˵˺ҵĻ
䣬ҶĲͣԭأһӽҶ֪ѵǲΪõ겻£ħָϲħܽ˺
ǿʶ޿ɾҩҶ֪üǸȻڿ֮ʱժ¶ñˣ˫ϵ۾ǰԼοҶĲҪ⣬߹Էħ޹أħȴѼڶԷ
Ҷģħ޹֮˵ݶ֮ޣ֮Լ⣬û޾ݵ飬ħʧˡ
ҲԼҩɾˣԸûþ꿴㱾飬Ҳûг֮ΣռⱾװ׵壬֪ҪȥӵˣһΪǿ̽俴ЩãҲһͬΪ֮ҶѸǿӲץסǰ˴һ֮ɫ̾޹֮ǰҪ˼㲻˵ٽɽдõطҪȥҲ٣ǵطѰңҲǴ֪⻰ʱţȷʵˡ


99 
Ц Ǿ仰˵˵ģһżڱϵħĶԼģ ĶҶ֪ⷬ˵Ƶᣬ ˿У ȴҲ
һҪ𣿡Ҷɫһ Ϣ˲Ҷ֪Ȼ˺档
Ҷ֪ûа־ɫҶĵɭĿ⣬ ճЩ˼Է߽һ˵ֶ뵱Դûа㳤Ҳ֮ҪңͿɲ
ϲֳ㶯ģҶֱ¶ ȴҲǽЩ
ˣҶ֪ЦƳ˶Էһۣ ԷץԼ𿪣һµԼΪ൱ľһ󣬡ħֻл깶Ӳд䣬 Ļһúգ ģǣʵҲΪΣ ԼʹϵҲ࣬ ڲؾȴξӰ죬ΪΪء
Ȿһ룬 ȻǰԴ˸Ĺ˼Ҳһ룬ɼʹˣ˵ʵҲСܹƻģ߶ֻ֮زı¡
Ҷתת̧һƼƵֲôִջ֣̾ΪÿƤңΪ䣬Ǵ˿̻ϼһ֣û֮ˡ
㻻ףҲֻҶűƤӶˡҶ֪ת룬ȴǴ˳̾ҶؿıӰ˵ļϵ˲ͬΪֽ͵ؾ׵ضңһΪİȫЩ˶ɱˡ
Ҷļ˽Ųȥ֪ôˣôͲ룬Ϊʦ𣬱µĻˣ㾿мġ
ȰСҶ֪ü˵
ҿǴ˵ģնԵ˽ͬʦֵܶûĺɫȱһִٳɵֻƷյĳɾͱ飬ˣģ֪Ϊ˷ĿġҶĵĻһѵ֮ȴ˼ᶨҶ֪֮ͷĪЩǱʲô˼ֻԭأŪǷǡ
֪ʦʲôˣξһվԶЩһֲĶˣǺˣ˵ʱͬˣȴûнԼ֮¸֪㣬Ϊԣ㷣ΨԽӽĺѵδɹ𣿡
Ҷ֪Ŀ˻ͷ뽫ЩԴԴʶħѳȥסͷģʹֻƾǿ૵˵ѣĹ
ħ䳹ǵĶ磬գĲǰһ̻ɵˣһȴЩش˸ս
޲ɣħҲ֣֮ΪʲôΪͽ㱳ףΪʲôҪǷҶ̧۽ıħ֮ϵʲôôʲô˵ҪǰȥչˣӲİΣǵ˵ռֻ㵱¯|𣿡
㣬졣Ҷ֪ʹͷһҪ˯ȥģȴǶߺȻһָ˲˹ܿɷˣֻһ̤˲ӰϮǿ֮ˡ
˵ʱʱ죬˼Ƶһ̣Ҷ֪ȻƶһסԼʦҡͷȰ裬Ŀȴ޴ǰƶţЩ㿪
˵׽֮٣ȴڻֵĶǰһ
ǣҶ֪쵽ԷһѣůȴҲǸüͷн͵ΪãҪ֣ûкô
·˵ɫ䣬Ʋߣƶһ۶̡
·
Ҷ֪ĵһĪ·ĺúõģų˱˹ס˼ЩҲûʲôܾٶȴҲ˳˼ҵĻͷƲŷ֣⻹һ´͵͵һ´һ͸Ƽ²һ
ǡһʱ֪νӻ
ǣ֧֧ᣬաЩһϮҶġ
ûҶ֪һʱϣǶŵģһ͵ҶǰӲ˰һƣıв࣬ϸ룬ΪôĳģһβԼ뵱ȻΪ˼ҾƫҪֲ
һϮƣѪ˵ȥ˵ãһġߡ̤ȥˡ
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˵õĻն˿
˵õĶɱͽ
һߡôʰо֣Ҫʹļף׳۵ɱһħ𿴾Ϸͷ
ǾδһԵˣȴͻ࣬ҲǲħϢ˵ˣϲֳȥĻȫȻˣ˵ģ˼֣
֮䣬˶ʲôҶ֪ﴹۣûҪĿˡ
ǲʹɱ֣Ȼʧ͸֮ˣﲢ޲𣬽ڰգҶ֣ת˿Ķ̾С֪ҲĪҪڱˣտ̫ˣλʦ֣ʲôţջǰȥѹġ
ͽڰˣ
Ҷ֪ȻоôԼҹͬ˻˽𣬶̶̼־ܿԷľҪˣ벻ַͨ澿ʲôĪĹ֮ͨ
ҶĽŲҪȥϽ˵վסҪȥ
ȥĸαᰡҶĴ̹Ȼ
Ҷ֪һҶ֪չ֮ںδ£ٺ񡣡
ⶼ˵һҹĺˣٶһ䣬ѶֻǰǱչ֮أһܸмġ
һ£ܵķֹͣһ㣬һеӶֹˣҶ֪ɲħƻָˮʱӿȣߵʱۼֻĿȻͣڿȥķ
ЩʱҲĻܾԼĸ֮ħʴʶһЩĵֱħУȻֻƾȹ̵ģڱ˳׿Ҳñ߶ĵӣѿ
ħжҡȻûбҪþͣߣ˵ףˣǳ鰮֮ˣҲ֪ԼҪģҪʲô
ЩջĿ⣬ͷֿԼǸ⿪˵½ᣬϵϣͼһֻɫԼ½˳ӵ֮ʳָ
ǡҶ֪ΣĿȴǼΪůġ
ǲȰû㶨ǻ˵Щ
Ҷ֪ﻹδ꣬ͳ˲ڣἰССԸü䣬΢΢ûʶüҲһССӡǣɫȴ欣ǳĵԷʤѩ
תΪʶ죺´ϵϣǴħѻһ½󣬶˷ܸ죬ԼˣΪҾĪĴ|ˣǽüˣȡҿѾ֪ʲôˡ
Ҷ֪⣬Ҳ֪ǹˣȴǵûգ֪Էûסúܡ
ǲҪ˵һúˣվ嵱ʯˣȥз忴գסǵס
лҪ˵
С糡
Ͷ˵仰ʱʲô
һǡ
Ҷ֪ûΣΪûʲô
Ҳô˵
֣衣
𣺷ְɣѾ뿴ˡ
ҶģҶ֪Ѿˡ
žॶ
֣ðΣսֱ䣩ħcue

ߡ
Ҷ֪ҲˣСˣѺõ֡
ҲҪ裬Ǿǳ׽ˡ
ҶģúãĳЩԼˡ
𣺼ǧݻ浱Լˣ
Ҷģͽܶ˵Ҷ֪ƤҸơ

ž䣬ѵ
֣ۣҪ˰Ķ㵽˲ӶܿΨһȫߣȻһҳûС
ҶԶһ㣡
֣˵´û
ѾҪˣб˵ֻ֣ˣһ˰ɡ

˵й֮ͨǴϹ˼άʽɡ
Ҷ֪ԭ̫ᡣ
ߣֻעɵӡ

ʱһλϲˮĽո
ˡ

Բʦ֪վcp赽ǰˡ
cpͷջǷۣǽͷҳˡ
㱻괩Ϸʦˡ
Ͻװ˯һΡ


100 
ǵġ
Ҷ֪Ҳ⻰ǿ£ ԼѾûлعԼзסˡ
ǳŵҪиһǻķһլԺʱף Ӱ챾໥ģ Ҳϲˣ ʵǽ¼ң ˷Ψлӻ ǲϵġ
зû𣬿տյò壬ǻǳյиӰ㣬 Ҫµˡ
Ųҷ°ڵĦ ֮ĺտ֮졣
ܵԼǰɢҲڣаҲִصˣȴѵõģ һЩį ĻԼµֻ˵Ļûˡ
òһվһޣͰͶȥӰ˯ ⷨӵİɣҶ֪죬 Ҳָ˭üֵ Ҳ̫ˡ
˵ߵģҲģʱֻǻ˵汻ôһǻЩĪڴġ
Ǻ˯ͣԷӲԤҲ֪𲻳ֲõġ
һ·µߵſ֮ʱҶ֪ҲȫȻͨˣЩϢҲǹҲǰֻʧƿš
ɾƿŵһɲǣֻüĵٿȻɫɳ⼸ΨһûƵķЩڰֻžһϣһյө΢ҫĵƣյյ
ֱҵĻ䶼Ŵһ仨зɳһֻɫҫŴ⣬ɻصҶָ֪⡣
ϲ𣿡һʻͷȻӯů⡣
Ҷ֪ӳ⣬ЦΣȴ̬˵ϲҵ㻨ƣ
ֹңδڶϣȥңߣҳȥĵطЩطųΪⷬõ
ԣΪʲôȥˣҶ֪ƾҲ֪ǹƣӳʢҪ˵ⲻͬ羰ǸԼѡģǸˡ
㿴Ļ𣿡
Ҷ֪ȱͶԼ⣬ȴҲûĹλãʵע⵽ԭһڴͷɲǱ˻Ƕ䡣
ݲǻҲͰˣⶼһ䣬Ҷ֪ߵͷһֽǶĻ꣬Ѱ˼ҲһĨ⣬ָȻͷɵ˻|ﴦŹ֣ע⣬ưٴ麣Ҷ֪תƸУͲ֪ʲôסǣ
Щ֣һƾ͸ɢˡ
⻰üʱҶ֪ķӦһѾ޵ˣԣ˻Ǹˣ˵ȴˡ
Щ˳ҵ㡣ĻؾҶ֪Цת˫סγɵĿӣ˫תģЩƤɰǳڵĻȴòŷЦԷĴ㣬˵ҲǸ𣿡
ţûлͨ䣬ûΪҪǻɢҲûʲô֣ͷƫƫȻǲϵġ
Ҷ֪ﲻȷжһϣָⷽһ⣬һƿЩ˭֪ɵ˺ϸǾ˼ҲϧһһСһָָ䣬ţһһ˱˵齱ߡ
㵹ΪԼȷ羰ÿҶ֪ЦţһģЩΪ֪ôﻹЩ˵˵Ǵ͸Щӣǿˣ
㽫üģɲڸңҪĲʲôɢģҪҡ˵Żһһ׻λãϣֻԼǣŵ˫Ŀ𶯣Ψ壬˳Ķַ˸⿴õſϡ
ôеġҶ֪һԻǣţֱʱԳƴˣŽսʹЩҲǴ˿̣Ҷ֪ŷֶԷһ˫û¶ȣмΪʵشĲһЩȴǡ
ûкû޵Ķ|ĥҲ˺գֻǿһֻҪƿȴֵɢ˶ԷϵһĨ֮ٲҿƴǣԺԼǸ˺ǻˡ
Ҷ֪뼰ˣ۽ǳȥȾ΢֮ɫЩԹû˵֪ϲڷ˳ʲô𣿡
֪ܣΥ̧̣ͷ漫˵ɫ
һ滨ѹģҶ֪Ƴ۶ԷԼߵ֣ɲͿʼЩɢȥˣֻһϴĺңɲҪټʱ㻨֦йͷŭա
󷨾黯ΣΪʦһֻתһɣǲһЦһչհˣЦظߣᰮ֪Ϲ󷨴У˴˵Ըһ߶һ滨Ҳǡϵ׳ա
ˣܸһҶ֪ɲǱЦˣһعԵأı׳ǳأ˰Ļ֣ΪĸԸԵ֣˵Լ鶼̲á
ݲ飬һ㻶İˣ⽫ΨǣסҶֻֻ֪ЩֻǶͣϣƬ̣һȥµȴǱһ͵棬⻵ĵˣɲҶ֪ԸԿɰȻ֦ͷ
ǡҶ֪
̫ˣ֪ҲҲ

峿΢͸ůҶ֪ϣӰףĲ¼ҩǰˣȴЩĵ顣
亣ĻǱҹ羪˺ߣ۵׻Щƣɫ㶨˵ķҷȻҲһֻɫĺڴϣ˱𴦣Ҳ뿪
Ҷ֪ʱһ£ǽε͵üģߵͭǰƣſڰ̾˿ĵĶƭźһҹҲͰˣôüʱҾͿźЦ񻻳ңȴͦÿġ
˺ÿ
Ҷ֪ССܼ˵֪˼䲻ụͨҲصĻ˼ˣƽôǻЩ̬ȫûˣ˵֮ʱǸЩ飬ԹҾԼǳˣô飬ǸˣˣζЦˣ
˰𣿡СɱȴǰҶ֪ʶǸռõ٣ãȻȫƫ˵ȫЩ֮ʱҲǵס
㣬û´ˣװ޹˵ûҲûһˡҶ֪סͷõǰ߳ܣ̫߳ˣԼ˷ֿ˯գܾͲܲˣһ壬ʲô˳ˡ
ͷʱЩҪ˴ˣϽʰʰޣǰ˽סɲܷ˼ȴϲŭ޳ħȲþͷˡ
˭֪ĵʱ磬˼ȴǵĸ磬ֻյǺŲ裬װ̸һҲԼλʦǳģʵʵʦķǲҲˡ
ҶĿҶ֪ް֮ֻǵعе۵׶ˣ۾е죬ĳ𣿡
лҪ˵
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101 
أ ҶߵǰЦӯӯüۣ üѣ ǣ Щÿ
Ҷ֪ĿעŶԷ˿֣ ҹһѵһͼһסҶĵ ЦͽԵĲǰνֲЦˣҲҶİ˺ˣֻ˴תǽŲһͣ ͼͷ˵ʦΪ֮¶֪лҲЩ Ҳҷ̸Щˡ
ҶĲôػӿ֣Цݲ˵Ҫ ˶δذæ ֪ʶ꣬ˣʦֻȥϢգҲĵʦ
գüĿ΢ Ȼǲܽܵġ
ʦֵ ҷҲ˵ˣʦչأ ǰҲδҲǻķԼĹ⾰˵縸ȻзĴʦϿɺãҶüͷһֻص˲輸¡
㻹δش֪֮ġĿⲻƣ˵
ǾҪ֪ˣϯ֮ϣ˵ؾͿκõģҲһͷˮǶ˵ĸ飬˵κã˭κãʲôءҶ˿裬ͽˮҶ֪ϡ
˼޻ҲͷһˣҶ֪뾹Ҳôˣ෴ģЩЦⲻ˾Ͳˣ;ͱ˻⺦˵ħйħǧذתҲˮħͬˡ
ǿƽҲһСʦװģЩ˼ʲô飬ʵᷳ
Ҷ֪ºʵͷЦº͵صҪʦɻ֮£ҲһʱȥʦʦαչǺܶ¶ûҷ·ϣء
ʦôͻȻͱչˣΪҲһͷˮ˼ڴ˾ֹ˻ͷҲգҲȰ㣬Լأз壬ɲ㱻۸ȥ
Ҷ֪ĿԸʦ뿪󣬹Ϲţһ磬ߵ齱ߣͷһǻкȲˣ˵˶ˣͷְæ¿𣿡
㣬ЩҲİΣС֪ﻹϲҶĮ˹ȥ
Ҷ֪Īˣֻ⻰ôôζ˵ﲻԡ
ʲôֲ㡣Ҷ˵
û𣿡Ҷ֪ҲôãҲܹϲŭ޳ԼǰˣǰԼǰʾǨҲͰˣԼ˼֣һֲٿĵĶ񶾱£˵񲻿Ц
ҶĿʹ˵ΨһѲ㡣
ѾûˣҶ֪ߵһ԰˸ӹԼãʾ˸Ͻ֣ԷٳδжЩͷ˵ҪգѲɾվſ𣿡
Ҫ㣬ڲؾǷµġ
Ҷ֪⻰еЦãڻصħ𣬾ŵ˵ԻµԼɫ䣬ƽͲһ˿ػصҲӦ㡣
Ǿ͵ǿҲУ㷢ԣֻҪ۾뿴˫۾Ա˵ѻҶĵĻЩ䣬Ŀǲݿܵϡ
֪ǻѻ㻹ҪҶ֪
ǲǻѻԼжϡ
Ҷ֪ԱĿĸнǸרעˣʰɡ
һ⣬Ϊβҵݸ֪ʦ𣿡
Ҷ֪ԥػصչڼûаһ׳㣬ҲлӰĵģԼνֻҪģҶػڲؾ̽ﳰҵĸ飬ҵʱ̵ãһ̡
ͰôȫûһΪң
Ҷ֪Щᣬüʵǵڶ⣿
ǣڶ⣬ʶң
ҲʶһҶĵˣΪ֮ʱܺãϽŬ˭ϣͱе꣬ĻϺͳɾÿһձ޲ԼиĶ֮һңһֳʱΪԼӵһλˡҶ֪Ļ˵䷢ԷθҲ˵֮ԷϢЩ⻰ġ
ǣڴԷĴֻ˵ʵҼΪڵֻϲŭ޳˵ܵܵԣֻΪǽɷ£ûпʵһû˺ڹһ£ڹһˣҰÿһ£ҸӺûһЩɱĳʼ
һ⣬ΪʲôûҪлأ
Ҷ֪Ҫش𣬾;֮ٿȻץסϥϵ˫֣˵Զ˿ȴǴӵʹҪ۾شһ֮ǰлҪ˵ܿ˵꣬ͻſ㡣
֪ħΪħɼ׽ٵѻƮɢǧ磬ͱͨ׼Сľ޴㲻ңֻΪֻǵܵܣǰˣǽʱգǵҪһ縲𷽵øȷԼֹΪϧһ𣿡
ҲҩɾȣҲһλħεõģֻҪԸԸҹһħɳɾĲ벻ܵõ
Ҷ֪˫ۿϼ˽ͷԼֱϵˣس֣ϵûл
ħˣжλʱõ꣬벻ղҲ룬ⱯʼٸߣԼĹ˵ѣֻΪſ
ûˣֻһˣҶ֪𾪵ɫֵˣԿʼҵʦ𣿡
˿ΪҶ̧òˣЩİɡ
Ҷ֪ƵһߣҲٿˣƶ˵ҵвд
꣬˻֮ʱŭŲɣмӣ㵱ȷģǱҶ𣿡ҶĵϷһԽԽڴǣвһˡ
ô˵ˣҶɻãˣģҶᣬ㻶þ֮ǰǲ֪ģ˵һǰǧ꣬ǵõֻأ֪ġ
㻹ǧꣿҶ֪
˻ħЦˣһ˵ǰ᲻ҳĸԸҲ벻𡣡
˵ΡҶ֪תһ۾ƳҶԼȥĵϣģؼ齪
Ҷ˿ûи飬ǵˣǧҪٻһкȤζͽЩˣΪȻͲͬˣһףֺαؼڻأҶָһû뽪ʶֵ̾ʦֵļ仹Ըʯ٣ҲϷ֪̽ɻҴãʲôȡ󡣡
㵹˵ҳ˰ĻΪռǸӣ˵һһΡҶ֪
ʵû㻹ǿҺú˵ģҶָ̧սһץȡԼߣĵ棬˵һӡ
ɡҶ֪
ҶļҲգЦһ£Ҿٸһܡ
Ҷ֪ȻǲЦģȴ˵Իʵ뵤һˡ
Ҷ֪˵˵
ҶģΪûЦ


102 
һ죬 죬תȥˡ
Ҷ˻Ҷ֪ڽסһͬ죬ȴҲûô˵ һר־ħ룬 һڵس鷨 ˭Ҳ˭ ѵõĺг
Ҷ֪ﱾҲ˵Ҫæʵ򲻹ڴˣ ֮߳ⷿգһͼӴ׵ļٻɴɶмҲãľҲգ쳤ڱϣ ֻҪһϤħϢͺá
ˡ
Ҷ֪дһݡ֣дһƲһ࣬ ǰյħ˻
нţԼᵹˮ𣿡Ҷ֪Įصպīʣ ħ˵Ҫ۾ˣ 
ƾһֻ֡Ҷ֪±ʣûػͷˡ
һֻҪˮҪѡһΪɣҶļͦñֱ ò ţҶ֪ôҲû뵽⿴侲ˣ ɵ˵˽ĻæģЩæҲùһ쵽ˣʾ˼ҵ䣬˿Ц
ҡҶ֪һʱԶԣ滨񣬻ɽˮĬд䣬дҾ䣬£ˮԼ˷ԻҲ˿̲дݡֶ֣δأλǺԼˡ
ҾͲдʫ𣿡Ҷ֪
ɫ䣬˼֪Ҷץ°ڣ˵ʫ𣿡*
⻰Ҳ͵ˣӦҶĵһ죬Ҷ֪һ˫Ŀƺǣֵһ˴ǰһ飬Ϻõ裬һ
軹ǰǺɾġҶ˵ϴĻȴǾֽ֣ˮһ
ϲȲ͵ˣʱҶ֪˻βʵ
հɣҶתͷǲֻε֪ûһˣ䲻һ䣬ܸ²𣿡
ҿǻ𣿡Ҷ֪
ǲ٣ôŵ£ǶĸŻȥѧЩ
ֻҶĴɽȡһСɹޣǰһͣЩڴ֮ɫ˵һȲ軻һܣײҶһˮдҶܿҲѰ˼ʲô۱ҡ
Ҷ֪ҡһתȥĵûƷ֣ûöԷ˵㣬Ƕף
ͷ˵ıӰʹԼɽȡǰЩӴСףҨȥҪһСɹҨˣֻ˾ǰŪ飬ֱ޵Ƿ㣬ǷŰɡ
ˮգһúѰ˼ȡһḷ̌һ˵ҶԵľϣһڣ͵ȡ
ҶĶ豭лһСһȲһܣСҲ͹ôһֻһ֭һ˲ȥ
䲻ϲҲ֪ƷƷζⲻ棬ˮʲô𣿡Ҷ֪
ˮǿģҶķ²豭ǣħϵûʲôɫԼĳʳԼȳ
Ĳ裬ΪʲôҪȺȣһɫ֪ζáҶ֪̹ϡ
㻹ҶеĹһ㡣
һϲԿأϴθԵĿӣҼҲûʲôӦȥˣǿҡҶ֪ҲûҪԼҷֵؾˣֹ˻ͷɶԷȴǺȻЦɫһĪ˵ǳԿɵˣ
зĵͽʿҩһκʦ֣Ҫһ飬˭ĵӣöҩӣҶĸĻ˫һǣħЦС֪Ϊңˣ鲻ͰʦЩա
ħǸʲô
Ҷ֪֪˻ǹӣ˱˵Լȡ˵ģѲħĿζͦأͰЩģ
Щ뷨Ҳûռ˼ãĿȻרע΢΢ҡͷƤᶶĽˣǵҪˣһδͼҶһ˽ϣǺò׻ָʶ˳˯
ʲôҶ֪ŭɫ˵
Ѿް˯ˣ˵ѣѣҶٿȻӽҶ֪ֻ֣ĿӯЦ⣬˵ǻҪ𡣡
Ҷ֪ﻹΪԷһͷϣֻüͷߣġ
ϲ㡣Ҷ˵
˭ҪҶ֪ǲˡ
ϲӣԻ㣬ϲ̫С磬ҲǲˣǴ׼һ飬廮ս٣ħ֮ķˣǧ磬ҲִһҶɫ棬˵⻰Щ顣
Ҷ֪ЦһŶԷͼҵ˵УɫȻ̾ǰ˵ѻɢǧ磬վͱʱɽ٣ħ֮ķˣҪߵﶼɱķǧڲ𣿡
Ĳ裬ǲ˵ѻģҶ̧ձߣֻǱŲڴһľ룬ϸϸ٣ļ羱̾ûµĶദĶ̲סͻ߻ħˡ
ƾǵΪҲáҶ֪˿ڲ
֪ܣ޷ǱΪ֮Ҷ̧ЦһżʹŭҲȻòɷ˵˵ŴĻ䲻ףߡ˽αĵطϤˣ˵ĺá
㡭Ҷ֪һ֪ħߵˣסһ˲
˽ⱾҪðЩյģȥȥ㣬᲻˶֣ȫˣҶջֵ֣ʵ˭ܱȱãһһ仰ϣ˭ܾĥ˭Ҳ֡

Ҷ֪Ҷǰҹ뿪ͻ˺ͣһͬصżתѣ˱Ǹ߸˵ģɽҶ֪ЩŤ
㻹Щʱļ䣿Ҷ֪˵Ȼսħֿ¡
Ҳɫġ˵⻰ˡ
üëһִ˴ӣ˵СˣʦΪ㿪ϻοĲҶСʦ˼ɫҲýǱ֣ùĵ飬ʡ
˵ʲôˣʦ˫ֱЩɡ
˵졭˵𾢾ͱٿȻĽס죬һĵѪҶ֪һֻۣε˵ûжģһֱ֪ʦܣǣ˵ˡ
ǾͲҪ˵ˣҶ֪סס˼ֵֻϸϸ̽̽ûħϢȷް󷽲ջ֣еɻвʣ
áҲջ֣Żص
ȴƣ˵Ϣȣӿ죬ļң˫룬ⲻ񻹺á
ˣ۵ȥ˶˵
ˣóһҩľ˷ѣЩϢ
ýҩϢ˾˳⣬Ҳã˿̷ŽѵɵСʦ棬˺֣ͳ
ҶģҲͲȡЦˣǶֵܣ֪Ǳ񣬲Źֵġ͵
λʦ֣ɷһԡҶ֪ϵ
ּ̿ɣ˵
뿪һˣҶ֪Ҳʦֳƺɫ˵ֳ֮ңĻ̻̣Żˮ㣬Ҳûȥִˣз壬ҲͶģڽľָ֪֮ҡ
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103 
з ҡ
ˣһֻɫڻųۼ лΪһӣ һϮ£ Ӻݣ üĿ续
۳ɵӰûжά֣ŵЩƮɣ УֻһӾҪɢȥ
Ҷ֪鰸ߣһֲŪ꣬һ֧򢣬Ŀעһˣ ýˣȴŲ̾˿
Ϊ̾ͻ ʲôҪ˵𣿡
Ҷ֪˹ȥĿȴֻʧ˷ִ磬 곶һ ⻨һ䣬һ⣬ЩӰɢ޲ְѻǻƴƴ
Ǹ˵Ļ Ӱ죿ĻӰᣬ ˮ飬 ĵ׸ž
Һ¡Ҷ֪һɣǶ仨䵽˰ϡ
ţߵǰ£˫ָϵ̧֣ͷ˫첻µزµıѵýһء
㲻˵ʲôԿңҵĶҶ֪֪ⲻһӰ鶼δĵģƵ棬ʵжϣÿţݡ
Ҷ֪ǻõģȻ黰|ʱ򣬻ϵĳƺ˵磬ʹǻӰҲãƭ𣿡
˫Ȼ΢⸡۵ǰ⣬ش֣飬ʦ𣬺Ҹ磬֪㡣
᲻Ӱ쵽չأվ᲻ңҶ֪
ᣬøɴ࣬ǰһߣǻһ̣Ҳ޶á
Ҷ֪ԷɫϣеĴʯҲˣħ߻ģһߣԹ֪ȥðգĹ˼ȥðա
֪֪Ϊλֻ㣿˫ʮָָ䣬Ͻա
Ҷ֪ʻ΢ȣͷ۽޲ƿĿ⣬֪ԷҪ˵Եɵģ£Ҳеġ
ĿƿһһϧֵؽսЩļᶨңʯƷֺ֮ܶҡ㴦µľģΪңֻʱʱǷĵף֮϶һ㻯ң飬ΪģɢһӰ˼䡣
Ҷ֪ǳЦȻ̾ⷬǣǷŲˡ
룬ν£Ϊʱ硣
ţҶ̧֪ӭĿ⣬һɻһڣͱٿȻס˴ǴбᣬһȪģЩ⣬ȴҲȻ
һˣһлλӰɢȥΨһԭأ̧ᴥԼĴһֻ뿪|ָ⡣
㵹Ҷ֪ｫͻصüġ
Ĳ|࣬Ļ鰸ߵԣ߰ɣħϲŭ޳ҿɲ㿴Լжΰ㲻ҵҲǺõġصʶ
Ļټ٣ǰ㿴ˣһβţβţҶ֪½ǻָԳֵƽǰ·δ֪ţңȫԽǷ֮⣬ԽᱻãΪص޵ǣ

Ŵ峿ˣҶ֪ﲢδ˲ϢҲδǰʽȡһ齣УֻƾŰ֮壬̤硣
˵ӵбħٿ֮ʱļ䣬ڴеģɲħΪȴδ֮ʱƼħδֻ⻹Ǹ֮Ҳδɡ
ǰ˵һƬţŲĴ䣬ѻУֻʱһ֮⣬ؼǵã߹ǿСŴ塱ֵĽ籮֮ʱһӰȻһԱƹɫң֮ܲϣһ˫ûͫʵ۾ȴƼһ߲ƣգ۵Ĺ򣬾ķϮ
ʱģ
ʱڿ֮г޴ﵽƸߵ㣬Իȴ˿û飬һ̤أЩħػ䣬ֱ²ȾѪɱۡ
֪ǿܵжħӰ죬ֻ֪һʬɱ¾ĸоǼõģ֮ٴμЩ˻ԼǰϢΪһξܽԼ˶ôĶ
Ҳʺ̤Ѫ֮ʱеΪơʱ￰յĹѣȴҲֻɫҴҵĹͣգڱħŵ졣
ֱֱָԷüģŭȻΪ֮ʱע⵽˶ʧ˿Ϯ˵ıܣֽŹԶϡ
Ҳķ֣˵мΪϸغ
ҴһˡҶ֪
ܻбˣǲ˵㲻áص
ʱ룬ԼܲηţЩǰ뿪Ĳ׷ѡҶ֪̾˿ҡҡͷ
֪һħԤ֪˭ո֪Ծ֣һʦ߿ģЩǰδ𵤣һĻ޿ܣʿܵħţִֻ֮ˣǴħ֪˵سڣⷬǰҪõĿɾͲһˡ
Ҷֻ֪Ҫһ˵̣˼Զھ֮ⶼܱ̾ЩʾػӦһʱһʱҴǰľʱϣҷôЩ˼tֶĨȥˣҲһûܸıħǻֻ֪ݺɲǰ׻ˡ
˿̾þò߳ȥһ࣬ΪΣ
㡭Ҷ֪üĿ΢
پͬ£߹籮֮ʱѡɱ¾һ𣿡յȫȫС˼ˣ
ϢϾת䣬ճɴ󻼡Ҷ֪ﵭȻص
һΪʵĮ
𡣡Ҷ֪
һΪң
Ҷ֪𻰵ߣȴֹסˣֻġ
ɫüķɳ䵽ָ⣬ǳģһȦסĴָԼ˵˰գȻܽɱ¾Ϊ˽Ǵ壬ȴ֪˽鵱ϣõҵĻӰҲα
Ҷ֪ۼһֻСС߻ҪģȻЦˣָֻٵǰĴָḧ˸˵ռˣһδʧ˷ִ粻ҷƢģǰ㲻㣬ҿҪʦˣǲɵҵᣬ֪Ϊ϶ϲܱħأҪҾ֮ǾˣΪ˵ķӣһȥֻء
ģƸ˵ģסָ˻Ρ
ǻص˱壬䣬ǻĨġҶ֪￴һֻģֱһӻĻ档
ʵҾһǿһµġСſٵָΪչ˲²ˡ
ҽղΪҪѩˣҶ֪ЦŽͻüģп㲻һԸӡ


104 ˼
Ҷ֪ߵڽ籮ʱ ǰһĴ䣬ﾹԼȥʱֱ𣬳¾Щ ˶Ǹף һȥ ֮Իǹ
Ļȴ￴ӿɲ ǿʶ߽æµԼĻƣ ֻý˲ܷ֣Щ˵Цݽϣʵǿһ
ΪʲôкҶ֪ٴ·һܿʱ
ǰֿܽԲͬʹֳǣ Խ⣬ɫظ̰Ļ ݽߵĵ
ħԸ⽫޸ΪķƳɻԷ֮ȴûа취ά˵ʶ
ʶѵΪûУ ŵʲôζ
Щ㣬 ԣҶ֪֪һᣬֵǺصϢ ζ Ϊѹʲôζڵġ
֮У ܷ֪
ħԭֳͨԻԸ׼ģӦԴħϹа־ħҲδļأҶ֪صֳǵʱֲҾ󷨣ҪЩܸҲеά֣ħֺαغķһԱڴˣΪ˼Ĵ񡣡
Ҷ֪ϸϸ䣬ȻϢ˭ֻΪ˻󣬻治ȫ󣬿ɲǾһϢʶ૳񣿡
Ҫòܿأñõȡһ΢
Ҷ֪һ㣬һԾ룬תֱֳӵĺˣ˵Ҷµ߹ˣҲԳƱ
Ǻһò֬ױ欣һ˫Ц֮ʱþɫˣɴ˿ȻǼҶ֪⸱߸ָʹģ˴³Թһ˫ĿʱһĨɺ죬һӣͽӳҶ֪
һŭȴҶ֪ȻɶģֻȻʵѩһЦǶħ޺캣ģԭһͷˣƫҪȥħʹͽۼħιڵϵŸ߽ħĽŵģŶԣħŮǸǱңŵ¯ԭ㾹Ǹж𣿡
ǸħЦ˴Ʒ|£Цһӳ˹ȥɱ𣬱ǱյĿȻõӰ
ﶼƲϣŻûŮ壬͸˵𣬿Ҷ֪һ˵ǰתǧָᣬЦҹݺ⼤ŭԷȴץӸΡ
ɲηڵħޣҲ˵ԷҪҪһҲȥ˵ףͲһ嶯֮ˣΪš
Ȼħ޵Ӿһϲǲ˼ĺҡ
һӰҶ֪˰벽ֻɺⲻϣ컹δʸ֣һӰٿȻǰֳ齣һĻաһͽ˱ӡ
˵ԪӤʿһܻ˻ܣǵǸӢ۾ЦˣȻ粻ħб˼һǣҶ֪󣬽ħϢⰴǽǣԼߣӸµسɷһħޣɫֵ˵Ϫ¡
ǱϪ˼Ǻԥؾ˱ӣڵ棬һݵףٲҷ
㶼ƳˣҶļҶ֪Ҫֽ֣̽˽
ƭǰΪȡʱͿһˣƫΪг𣬻ΪʲôԭôǣҲˣЩҪҵǾҸ۸һ£ԸˣҶ֪ɫȻǰƳһߣȻǲˡ
ڲؾ߹һͶ뵤¯ĥ˼ȥйڵҲֻϻϪһˣξħǴ˲ãҶѪһǵϹŵ£Ҷ֪Ը߰ܲΪ֪һΣǿ¹Ǹţܽͷ֮ޣ
ܣҶ֪ݺݳ֣һŰǵ۹⿴ԼЦħôҲһôֻǵ˵ʲôȴԼԣһռҵĳˣҪ㽣ޱ齣ն˵꣬ȻڴˣҲģ붯ְա
Ҷ֪˸롱ƣҪħݵʲô̶ȣΪνİ֮ˣһԱ󽫣
õĶ̧ͷҶĶϪ˵
ֻǻָ˵ˣһ˫Ŀٻ⣬˵ɫ滹ôЩ
Ҷֳ齣̬ϣ˵ҲǶҶ֪ĵͳ飬һֿɭķ˵˵صˣ
ƢҰûܸ»Ϫ˵νǳ
ƢͰˣҰ˭һһ͵ģ浱ﻹеĸֽСˡ
ʶȻֱСҶûˣҳأĪҪңҪһͷ
졣Ҷ֪ͷһǳͳ˿ڡ
˼Ҫ죬⻰Ǳ˵գҶĲɫԹԵ˵֮˶ȷʵħּõ壬Ϫйһ֮ԵӱķԸѰ伫֮أ˴Ҳһˡ
Ҷ֪֪ܱħϵĵطЩˣҲ׸ԣֻɻ֮ΪҪҿƻģ
ûˣ˵ҳǰݺһһˣµܸ֪㡣ҶƳϪֻһ˲ⷽŻȻĴͻָģҶ֪ǰֻ̫ǻһգ˵ûֵġ
ҶָָЩĻƵЩźɫ˵ɱЩһ⣬пų˻ǰһһʹ죬ɱ¾Ŀ|бҪѪ棬һ뵽˫׾մѪģ˷ܵԽ
Ҷ˵ŻϢȻͼ˼֣һָսץȡϪָֻһӳԺеһˣŽ⿴ƻ˵קУҶַ֪񣬵Ƕĳɱôϰ㴥ûУⲻ޵Ǹ
ҶһӱۣǱӾͽɿת˲ĹȻˤڵ棬һ̲Ѫ
һ˱קҶ֪ȴͫһ˲Ҳôһ˲ı仯ҶĵʱͿϲۿɼ򼤶Ťİ˻棬Ǻڵʱʱ̶̿ĺӼ
գ߹뿪ĴвԸĻ䣬㲻ˣһô䣬ʹԶҲ˾ߣһɱ¾ˣҶĽûקҶ֪ǰֽ齣ȣаȺªĶ͵ǴĶɱñѪմȾ㴿ӣʹ˳ŵĲԹޣɱ¾ΨħΪΪ
ħҶ֪Щ
ɱħ


105 ܾ
ɱħ ֪㡭ҶĿܵȻᡣ
ΪʲôҪԽԽ㣿Ϊʲô֮㶼Ҷ֪ӹǱ齣ȴδԷԸ ֻ˲Ϣ˵һɿ⣬ ˫齣յ£ ԣ ħɱ¾Ϸ ˶ġ
ֻǰһ̻տȳԵˣ˿ȴǺף˫˿İͫĮȻ͸һΣյĸоûжֶὣ ûгڳ
߽ʿĶԾҲһ֮䣬Ҷ֪ѡٽǴԷһ̣ ͹ˣһǶ㲻ģҲûд㡣
Է˷˾Ϊʲô˱ ֣ ѵǸħһٺݺݽѵһء
Ϊ֤ϵûʦµĻ֮
Ϯаŵħδ˵ֺٵ˵ı齣 ȴûпܡ
ֻǡ
齣ѵɲǣ ͱħڴһƻӿ׹䣬Ǽ˵̶ֳȾ͸̳ ȻѪ𵴣ȴƫƫûеĽޡ
Ϫɱ˲УǾһͷѪ籡֮ʱҶȻסϪĺԣ˾ݰҶ֪ǰһ㣬ңɺѪɫͫҲһһĻ԰ס
ҶĴǻһ˿齣Ѫɫپƺһ㣬Ҷ֪ӿѪȾ½󣬾ûаǰĿ֮У˵˵ħ֮㾹ɱġ
ħüֵҲķԸϪһѣɳ磬ȴް㷴
Ϊİ֮ˣԣΪʹͽ˷ӣҪ˼롣ҶָѪ⣬ѪϪ¡
ͽ׵ħ߽׵ħ׳ƳҶ֪ȴûӾǵܵƵĳ̶ȡ
һʹŤҶ侲пݶԱǿҵسҶ֪ͷԣòϣһĻƿֲֽŶЩ΢΢飬ʹҲʵʵڵģȴһʹŻһѪ
ߣߡҶָ֪ŻӶ
˵ʲôҶ̫ѪĭȴһͷƼһֻɫҶֱ֪ȥĻ棬ɿϪͷһȥ׷ѵӱչ֮ҳ
ȥǣҶ֪ԴŴ϶Ϊ˵ѪǺſۿϪѾȥر˻۾һ̬֮
Ϊüĵǵµǻ֮ԭϵһ𣿡Ҷĵ˲
ôڣϲģ𣿡Ҷ֪۾˿ص˹ȥ׼ʱ׼˶Խ˽⣬öĵҩһۺ벻öԳˣ͵أٻ۲쵽ڶŻὫϢͳ
ΪãҲǿ⼤ìܣʹЩ֣Ҫľȥ
˵̾ᣬȴδ˷֣ѹħγĿռ䣬ֳ֮ҵĻ׼˷ģܾΪͼղ˳ϣɲΪħٸӴĻᡣ
ܣ˵棬δػ˿תࡣ
Ҷ֪ۿʹˣ֪ҪΪϲѪȾ˷ܸ˵Ʋ˰ɣȺҲ̫˵ΧǱȶʦǸ˼
ɲŸոͷ˵أͱһĮħסϥ䱧ûӦĻᣬȻһԾ˿С
ҪµҩˣϵĵҩЧãֵ֮ҩδػԡҶĵȻҶ֪Ĳ̫ϵˣصûһڶԲƵĺӱΡ
ңԼơҶ֪˿Ļػװģ۵ΪҲأʵ治ʲôһԼƵĵؽ׵ҩ޸׵ҩԭؼոԭⱧƫûߣòǾ뿴գ
κ㣬ҲýǷһ顣Ҷ˵ŻȻǱ˷Ŵ塣
Ҷ֪ô˳΢ȴŭˣģ㣬Ҫ
˾һҶ˵ȻЩƣΪ¶һ㡣
㡭Ҷ֪ļƻȫգĲʣһڴ˳˵ˡ
֪ҪԺһħһҪһǾϲ㣬ҲţҶ⻰˵̬˿ûܰ⣬ȻǶϲ̫ӣЩҧгݵ˵ԣҲڣĿϢգҪȥĵطδػá
Ҷ֪ǲضԷת죬Ϣħ˵ĻҪЦˣ˵ΪӰת߻ħ˵ͨ
Ϊ֪϶ӣʵħȾɽ䣬ΪĲǲܣҩĻᣬҲ̨ҪҲ̫ѣ»иջ
ҲֻôһϣһħǿΪٸЩٷɵٿһ㣬ʲô̶ѨЩҲǿоʵ˲ڡ
Ҳ֪˶ãҲһԪӤʿͨ޵޸ƣܹϢƽ˵ʱ䣬Ǳϡͳ׶Ͼˡ
Ҷ֪˫Ҫһ˼ǽһٳʲôģԷȴֻһƬߵĻᣬ˲Ϣ任أǰٴʱȻһˡ
һʯϵҶ֪ѻʾõ˫ƿһܣ˵˲ϢУԹӣұĿϢ߹ǧɽ
ˣһﰲôãҶ˿˫һ̯ϵǳЦЩ֮ɫϲЩʣҶ˵黰𣿡
ǰٽɽҶ֪û˳ŶԷĻ˵˼壬Уһȥȫ鰮ŪˣֻǴҴһƳҲƵˣħħúõĶ츣أҲٵȫޡ
طֻһᣬҲŴһٵĳףǰѰ˵жϲһ޳ԼеĶжڴ㽣˿Ƽħ߾жʧա
֪нգ֪нգҪ˵ڣǺûнر͡С᳹Լ˵ҪԼô󷽹
ΪѰⲻ˿ĵطǷ˲ٹ򣬱ŵҲԵˣʹˣĻֲ࣬ϲġҶ˵Щ۹˸һѪħȴƫҪ¶ڼɫ
ǲǻҪллˡҶ֪Ц˼ҵ뻨԰ֻʣһҾ˵ʲôϲϲ
ı齣꣬ҲѰغúõЩָҲˣҶĺȻؾͽ˷ǰƸҶ֪ùȻɺԵѪϢúýƢϾҲû
Լ˵ҲɡҶ֪
֪㶯ֵʱ򣬲Ѿ뵽𣿡


106 ׹ħԨ
ٽɽشƫƧ λ̫½ԭԭҲʲôɼҸأȻҲֵǰҶ֪żȻ֣ ĥһ
ԭеλòôã ܱȻҲһﻨ㣬 ɽˮٲ÷⣬ ڵ²ΪƲϵС һжԣɲһ˼Դ
ء
Ҷ֪ϸһСϪɽ±ߵˮԣһСʯͷŷ˰δֱ֣ ǿع񣬵˵ԭǺٲ ɻţ
Ϊʲôš
˵ʲô㶼ţҶ֪ﱾһĻȴ˵Ĳ죬֪ һʯͷȥ ¸ϪϾˡ
ˡ
Ҷ֪ʯͷһףˮûô𣬸ǲõҲŲģǸԭޣ һ˷ֵܻ԰ ˾أҿǼǵõģ ɽˮҲұɷ羰ǧ
Ҷ֪Ƭ̣Դ̤˵ؾʱʱֵʱȴʧˣа粻ʧʧһ˵ؼûˡ
֮ʱ¶ͷҪȻɲǰĴԼĶͷˡ
ˣҶһץסֱۣ⿴ƶԼֶˣĿһ˫о۾΢üͷ˵գҲȥˣôôˣһָðͷˣʵڲľʹա
˼Ҷ͵ԼǰִˣҶ֪пĵ־һƻҶĵĸֻһʱ󷽣һʱֲŵһչ¶Цգ˫ͫ΢΢һתһ֮ظˮ顣
ȷʵ泩һ⣬ɰ㲻˿ĵӡҶ֪һգȻǰһͻϮƶ֮죬Բ׽ļ磬һƼΣֻħͷ㿪ķӦ֪
Ҷ֪ŲͣϮţĿڡ̨Ʒ֮ɳʯƻΣʱʱϷŪ䣬˽Ҳ𣿡
δƽϡҶ䲻ƽϣҲ˵ֻܿҪģЩһЩǵùҹֻҪǴϣҲ˴š
֡Ҷ֪ڴһ£治ôϲķˮб²ƳҲͰˣıֻԽսԽңǵǱƵԷΪֹ
㳤ôÿô־Ͳ˹ĵ㡣Ҷ⻰Ц˵ġ
ֻһ䣬Ҷ֪ӹԷյ־Ƕ˶٣֮ʱԼġǸ˵Ļ
ҶǱ˵ϪˮУˮǳҲСȶѣɫ°ڽ͸ˮƵīȾˮϣɽˮе㣬аҶ֪˻֮ʱһ޶ŭľա
Ҷһ޹֮ɫ緢
Ҷ֪֣ʱȴ治ɫغݺ£Ϊǵһİӡϲװģݳ̬ˣûֵĵ
ҪЩĺãͬĻħ˵ҾĿЦҶ֪תת˵ת߻ذߵıӰǶȻûаֵġ
ڰһ꽥ԿάС֮ʱĮȥŲʱͣȺ򣬿µ񣬳߶ҿˣͼĿʵ̫޻
룬ħҲȥܾһƣĬ
ֻҶ֪Ҳ߳ʮͱ渲˪סһ·Ƶɽ±ԵӶɽ⣬Ҷİɫͫŭȼգϵڿ毺õպ޼Źһ˵ڱĵطԣ֪
˵¡СϪɽҶĸһ˲ϢƿĽ֮磬Ǵ˵ģ
˻ХɺƱգŻѪֻҶ֪էһӴͶ亹ܲ԰ݣ֪Է뿴һֵƫǴ΢Ц̹
ϲԣ̲ԣ粻˻|򡣡Ҷ֪Цһް˼Ӿǻ˳ŶԷķ֮׹׹ǽ֮٣֪޵ľ϶òܿ硣
ңֺңҶļһɫδ˱ƵԼĿŤس˳飬۹˸ȴݶ֣ҿźÿôֺôֺңҲɱ㣬㿴ǰ𣿡
Ҷ֪ﱾΪĿĴɣһɨ⼸յĻܲεЦ
ЦʲôҶĵɫ䡣
˵£ά˴ãһֻлħٿصҶģոһģ˵ġۣҶ֪һְҶĵĿڣĿѵõһ˲ȴֻŶԷȻϣ˫ĿȻȻش߶ֲڶԷ˵޹֮˵ħ֣֪Ҳнɼʱ򣿡
ˣ֪֪ħԨҶϵ𽥱ƣԼΪǹ̻꣬Ȼǹֻ̻꣬⻯νĲлڣͬͰѲãֻҶ֪һн±Եʯ㾿Ҫʲô
Ҷ֪һԷԼϵָʯ鿪˲䣬Ƕ߶£Ȼǻָ˫۸峺Ҷĵ˵֪Լ˵İж٣Ҳȥ͵˼Ǹʲôģ
Ҷĺ֪һҶ֪׹Ԩħ⣬Ҳ˵ߣֱţһйھףǸڿбܿ˽֮ˣһŵشԼ˫֣ˣ
ħ׹Ԩʬ޴ˡһϮµϪ̤գ
ôˣҶһ˫ЩҰܵ۾һƬŨ
ϪһװСԼ˵ǰ̬ͣǼǫڼ鷢µ˫ȴ͸ݵĹâ¸߹˴̫żͣ£ΪˣҶ֪ʵɶ񣬶ǴͨͬţΪ֮
뿪գͲ֪ô˵ˣҶĲƳһЩü۾ָֻƽ
һԣΪ˱İ֮ˣʱʱƣϪİ֮ˡҧøҶȻݣ׳ŵӵǺãҲΨһ֮Ϊնڵţ֮ǲΪǻҲͲǰˡ
Ҷ˼ĶˣһĨ㲻ϺƵЦݣʳָ˵°ͣŲҶ֪գȴӣ̫ף˵ڵǣ㲻Ҳ𣬻ÿϲ
ħͬģǲϲϻڵӣҲƲ𡣡Ϫһ亹䣬Ц޽ġ
㲻˵Ѿʬ޴ˣϲʲôҪ𣿡Ҷıָ⻮Ϫգ̨֮ϣŶԷ΢ս˵Ļе硭
֮˶٣ȥѰϪȻһ˵һ֣̾һҪߡ
ţҶΪؿԼ˫֣˫ĿȻΪ֮ƻ̳Ͳشˡ


107 ĺ
Ҫ˵νħԨҲҶ֪еٲ ˵ٲΪϪ߶ȼΣģ ɾѧèڿзʱ üͰַ˶ʱȻͷ˳ȥ
˵õ׶Ҫһ𰤣 ܵô˭졣Ҷ֪ûرԹһ ؾͱ֪һѣǽӴϵĸоͣ ˿Ϊļ׹ִµʹ
һ£¡£ͽ׹סˣҲֻǵһ̣ſǽúñľһƬƬߵľ޴Ҷ Ҳ֪˵˶ֲ꣬ﶼģ
˭ʱŻ ҲȻ֪
ֻ̾ǰԤӦ֮ǰûϣôƮƮر͵ˮϣԶԶһۣ ǻᱻ˵һ޴ӣ ϻϵһʵĺ
Ҷ֪￴Լδմˮյ·̧ͷֻƴųϸ˿ǣҶ˵᲻ұ̫ˣ ľʹĻһˤˡ
мƻ飬 Ҳţ֮£ Ǽ£аֿǹֻСҶ֪ﺹգǿ֮˵ָ𣬺ôɻأһƴʦʵΪѡ
Ѿ۲ˡҶ֪ͼԼĴ·ʽ
㶼ں˼ϪԳ̾ʱ涼ɺˣ滹ˮ𣿡˳£˵ʱ̶ܿˮнʯǽ춹ıֵ쾡¡
ɲˮҶ֪ƫƫҰڰڵģȻ͵ͷŴЦˡ
˼ЦҿǺġСȵĿЩǱǣŵҶӾһûһµĴҶ֪ļֶֻЦø
֪ġ
Ҷ֪䣬Щͬصͷһץס˺ԾҶСۣˮ£ص˰ϣֽһԼɦץĺ͵üģ̾ǰ˵֪ģ˵ͬĻСС񲻴ҶҪȵںϣҲⲻ֪ߵԼǸʲôģ
˵ӦȸŴļƻҿҪȥһﲻݵġ˵ߵʱȴԽԽСˡ
Ϊռˣħ˵Ų˵ģҶ֪ʳָԼüֵ࣬ԭ򵥵ԭ㲻һʶжңȷʵҲǸ˵ЩСͲҪô˶ˡ
Ҷ֪￴һܵĻǰ޻ǱԭòɽʣֻľٱЩι״Ұɫ£Ť֦צĹ|֡
бΪ˽ħ̽ȻԽֵĵطԽܷŹ
һ˻Ĳݴ֣뷨ЩˣͲԸѰֻ࣬ˣܺõȥ
ŬѹĲʣһοһֻƵľ޴Ӵӻ״ס˷θȴûס亹Ӷϻ䡣
£ٴҲûؾĳ̶ȣҿһҲͲˡᣬЩЦ
ˣôˡҶ֪ɲ뱻һֻСƳ
ֱ׳亹ˡ
˿ǡҶ֪ǰ˵⻰˵Էȴμˡ
һֻ˼˵Ķʵ
һûУ˼ҿɲֻһֻ
֪Һܺãұ㣬£¸ҵǰߣߡ˵𾢣Ǹڶϣ˵³
Ҷ֪ھǺڣǳĺڣôû㷢Լ˻һ棬һ硱˳˵İһأ治֪ں֮ʱԼһ㣬ǶԷζЩ
ЩɣС˵ȥҪֳˡ
֪ԼĴСûղֻĽŴ𣿡Ҷ֪˶Էϲļ͹һ˺ͦµģô¸ңΪȥսա
ոջ˵Ҫұź˶ˡ
ֻ氡Ҷ֪Цص
֪Ͳˣֻ³棬Ƿ򳪷档
Ҷ֪˵ʲôֱ׳ģʵɰĽʲôɨˣȻЦ˵ǹⶺЦģˣ˭ҪֱҲûһ¼ʯȻҪɵģǰҾͷơ

Ҷ֪Է˵ˣ˲٣ҪȡЦһԶݴжܵһô档
δɲǶһ²һ£ǸҲͰˣǸֻ¾һս
һֻ۵ļ磬˿ת罫ǳԶЩɲǴݾߡ
Ҳʱüģָ⣬Բˣɺһ͵ģʵʵڼϣһֱָȥˡ
𶯡ǴѶ֮ãָ⼴ɹʶͨҲǸоҶָ֪΢΢֪ҪԼ˦򼣬Ͻһ
ɺ𽥽ӽΣգһЩĴ|ϢһһЩ죬Լһֻʱ̵򼣬⻹𶯣ɲΪһʱԶΪա
ָ飬תϣԲ׺ʽϮ䣬ֱȡٻᣬڣ̶֡Σң˲ԥֻҶ֪һʱǵǶָʾһϮһֻë޵İϣξ޴󣬳֮ȴûаģһǾǵ
Ҷֻ֪סһ˲һԾһ˾ǵͷֻһȫȻ⻷İǾֱͦͦĵ˵ϡ
Ҳ˲ϿˣֻϽ˦ȷ¡
Сȴûٱ򼾪ŵӣܷصҶ֪üģ˵Ϊ̫СӶ򲻹𣿡
һͷǣҪϮ䡢ٻ᣿Ҷ֪
Ʋ˵ǣδ֪Ҫģ棬Ϊе§ңʲô߶ȣһĿȻ𣿡
ǰٻأĸ߶ȣҪˡҶ֪
Բ˵а˵䣬ͺȻ仯˵ǲڻƣʲôˣ
ЩΣħ̫ˣΪܳסģңĿЩۡҶ֪ĻЩ϶ŴֻǣҲ̫ˡ
Ҷ֪ʶЩ㱣ΪԼôҲԳŵ֣ҵһŵĵطɵܾһҲǸоŢĳ֮ʱ֪ٶһ̶ˡ
㻹𣿡
Ѿ𣿡
ô˵һˡ
ͷԲѣܳʶʶͨɾþöòһӦһʱ˵仰֮ʱͺ޸֪ˣԼʱʪĵҲ޴֪
ֱӯϸĽŲ䵽Уۣȴ쵽Σ٣Ĳˣǳ˻


108 ԸΪ
ʳе˼
Ҷֻ֪һ䣬 ̽˴ٳˣа|粻 ƫƫƸԷʱ֡
ϸϸӣ һֻԼģ ܱʹŴ뿪ã ħδٸ֪»硣
úϻ Ҷ֪СӸ䵽߰ĵطһֻҰǶţ˵Ȼѹŭֵҧгݣһֻ|˵Щʲô ңҲǣ ֪ʳ
Ҷ֪ҰצŵƵ೤ıϢԶ׼ʾƥǵŭôһʱľͻԼǰŴ©ҹ񱼣 ЩҰ޵Ĺ ʱ޸֮Լ
Ҳиҹ·ϵĲǣǰЩʱշ֪ΪϪħޣ ʱΨķ 벽̤ŵȴҲǱȡ
ɲǺ֡Ұǻħްڲ ֻǽʱգԵֿʼһĻ֣ȴ֪ԷԶֻҪһ־ͻ֣ƫƫǵһβôڴԷĳֻ֣żʹͷҲƴһƴԼ͡
ħ޲Ь̤ŸõҶꡱ죬Ҷ֪Ҳǡ顱ײţĶ䶼ЩѪӿֻǡءһҧȥȴȻ˿ա
һҶҡεĸO@죬ħ޵ЩԶˣĽЦĵǣˣ⻤ʳģǹֻ֪ФЩĹʳֲóԣҹȷҪڸˣҴţҪµΣɵӲԶ֣Ҫ뷹˳ԣԵĹͷʣ²źá
ҲʹˣħˬشЦ˼ת˲͸ȥˣֻʣ·紵Ҷɳɳ
ڵҶ֪һĪҲƥǵϢҲûʧ٣ܷЩϸϸ׽һħ޵Ļ
Ǹҹȷɲ뻹еǶǱŵʳúõû˭˻Щմ״ʵģʲôʳ˭ǹأ
һգѪӿһɾȻ࣬ͷҲˣҲоˣͲһȭ˵ħϡ
ǰŮƭȣٻȥϻڣ꣬ҪܷʳôĶΪԶ

Ҷ֪ˮ˫ۣǰһĨڣζЩֲ£Ѱ΢΢͸һƹߣڵԼߵĶһƣԭ˼˵ڸӸ˻治Ǻ˵ģ㻹ҵ˲ǲĴҶӡ
ܰһӣڶεĻ˭
Ҷ֪ʶԼüģָϽҰǻ֮ǰǳӣˮԴ׼û£һۣҪ·ȥ;Ȼ˲ϢȵıϢķһԺ
˵ʱʱ죬תһϮǵţüĿһɨȴԼһƴ˸գжϸ߶󣬶ƥգ۵Ĺſ˵棬˹Ѻõض䶶˶
㲻ǱҴƥ𣿡
ء
ǣҶ֪ȻԼһƥ˵˵ӡ
ء
ȷϵ˼
Ҳ˲ĶԻɵɵˣĬĬһһƴžܺһֻ¹צӾǰŲһŲǴһǰ˹ǵôߵԼĴԴϡ
ҪĶͷ㲻Ҷ֪Ȼ
ɲԼʲôԵֻѩǶץҧģ˵ֻǱԼ򵹵ֻֻһ˫ɫ۾ѩ׵ıëͲǶೣģ
һֺԵʱǺͺ֪ôһҪͷʱȴǰ㲻ˣ˦ͷһٶ㣬ӲҶ֪׷ͷת˺üȦ
ˣҶ챻תˡҶ֪һ̫ѨһǸһץ˿գЩ룬Ҳ̫ǿ˶Է
˭֪ôһ仰ͷѩ׾Ǿʹͷɥءءһſص棬ʵʵٲˡ
ķӦҶ˲ջͷϵ֣תΪԷĶ䣬Ǽᣬ˵Ҫʲôأ
ǲֻǰٿȻδüվֱҶ֪˱ϣǼҲû˼ſһˡ
ȻˣҶ֪ﻹ֪˭ĻǾˡ
֮Ҷ֪ҲΪЩϧڲѧϰĻᣬŻĸ伮ʱԣΪ˻ûٰϵѵ롣
ʱԣҲǼ棬ȴǰûôģµʿûãϵʿҲãвúˣȥèģһﵽһĵλ;磬Ͳ׷̬ʹҲḽ趯ʬ并
˼ˣҶ֪̾һſ˲ȴΪɾǱϣ˫Ȧס˶ԷĲֻû£ֻͲˣллңȻ˵ħأ˾Ҳļ·ˡ
ܶ²һһƣԷҪĬĬԼֻй֪
ֻǷֻħǰԼǹ£ɲֱˣϪ񣬺õúܣޣȫҶ֪ﶨҪħɢ
ãⲻĵؽҹХųˮЮϢӭ
Ҷ֪ǱǶ˵գһ·ѾȾɽħˣҩϢһҹһЩ
ͼë޵ǶƸˣҲΪϸЩ˼һ㶶˶ǹ˳ؾſڵ棬ӱ
Ҷ֪ЦЦ˿ܵЩҲڵľʯãȴǽΧƣҪˣһ˫ҹͬǰ㷢۾ǲ֪ΪɰתţҶ֪ȻһЦ
Ҫҩˣ㣬ȻǱ۾գ»ǺҶ֪
ǿɲʲôĻģҪǽɽȡһŵҩǹֵظĵ˵ϡ
Ҷ֪ﱻ⶯һ񣬾ּԷԼ֣ûؼԭǿţ˵ԼƵĵؽҩ
Ȼ᲻׵ģˣǵôЩ죬ħĵطǲҩҲúøˣһŵؽҩϢһҹ󼸽Ȭе˵ԷûɽģͷһͰǿҶ֪ĵ֮Եˡ
Ǳ֪͵пɻƷʯֿ֪͵ϵ״ͷƷʯ㣬㡭Ҷ֪ͲǾ䡰ӻ޶ȡ˵ˡ
ءŶ䣬һ°͸ǰצϵģǵȻҪһɿɰˣҶ֪ĿһʱòʾͿһֱȥ
ⲻ֪ںҹ֮гһ˫ǵ۾ˣ˵ظޱȣǶһֻɫΣһƬë
ò
Ҷ֪ＴʹıҲòʹҲԳּ
˿ȴǽͷᴥЩϸļţ㲻Ҫңۡ
лҪ˵
С糡
#ջ⣺е#
֣һرԵ֣뵽λǵĽĿ
Ҷ֪ҲǽĿһǲǮ
֣ϾλǴ
žѵݣžߴduang
֣Сλ侲
Ҷ֪¡

˲ָ˰ݲҡ
̸̸֣еɡcueУ²ס˼ҵ졣

Ҷģԡ
Ҷ֪ΪĬһЦ
֣ǽõĳλƬС
ôôɰ
Ҷ֪ôôɰ
ҶģúÿһһֻëëĳɳʷⱾ顣
֣С죩ky
Ҷģ
֣ǲ˼³ħ벻Ҫٷˡ
Ҷ֪ԱȻ֪ԭôÿ
ڱ㿴
Ҷģﻹһǹvcr
Ҷ֪Ժһֻë޵Ĵ󹷹ɡ
𣺿Աܵ֡
֣Ҫһ칷
ԹϯѹñܵĳźǹԵĹϣƵģ
¡
Ҷ֪ڴЦſյһĹϯ¶񣬵ҥˣֻһֻӬ𣿡
ҡͷ
Ҷ֪Ƶؿ飬˵ĵӰû
ݱɵͷ

л;¡һҹΡλʹ͵ĵף߻Ŭġ


109 ʯͼ
Ҷ֪ȥӴֻʱ ʵϣıȻǶҡòˣɵɽȡһöƵ׵ҩ֮ʱ ȴӲ˵˷һŵؽ׵ҩ ҿɲ ²Ϊ
ۼһﲻûɫ ҩ֮һ˫۾ƺⶼ˼֣ Ҷ֪ôôǸýһۣмԼ˵Ӱӡ
ֻԼЩʱûݣһֻǶüĿʩֻһʯͷ ܿǧ˰̬
ͼԴʪıײ ؾͽһʱʵҶ֪Է۾һɣģʶؾ˵֪ˣ ֪ˣ һϽϢġ
˵⻰žԷһֻǵģԼĶ˲˼Щչ֡
ֻĵǲã ֪ܵ˵ز Ȼë޿ɰ ƽϢϸٱֻ棬ʱʲôܣŶĵˡ
ء
û룬Ҷ֪˻֣°ǵĴԴҪϢˣҲ˯գٿˡ
ա
Ҷ֪ȻǱźӵǸϢԴˣҲ߳ãýˣ֪ǰ㲻ʲô
ҲȻȬˣʿûĵؽתİ֮ȴƾ̣άת硣
ԽħĿЩ·϶ٻϵԽټŨǰҪһԵĹ죬ļХ
Ҷ֪ľв񣬵ǵУԿ޴Ҳֻһֻûм以ͨһһǿһɽʯ᾵Ĺ֮ʱǾȻͣפ˽Ųǰˡ
Ҷ֪һ·סԷĶ䣬˿̣Ҳ޷סĲһأҶ֪Ĳ̣ҲŶԷһ˼˵أƵͷ˫סЩһ˫Ϸ۾˵е·㻤ߵģȥһǰͻ
԰գ飬ͷϵĶëδָλӰѸһ뿪ԭأֻһ˱ħΪŨĵطǰȥ
ʯУӣƵĺʾŴ˵صǣվڼʯָصһĨ׵Ǹͻأһʯ
ָġʯϵĸͼڣǷרעԽܵħХ⡣
ԭˡҶ֪о̾󷨵ǳһϹ󷨼̳߶ȱľηǷƶĸܺ
ĿƶʯΧƵһԸڵļ̳ϷһľϣѪԳѭȪӿԼ̳ӣһ·չЩŵʯ棬żȻһδѪȫȻǵʯע⡣
ʯϵּ䲻߲Ǳĥƽ˵ĺۼģģĸ֡ң޼
ɻܽħˣǰ棬ȻҪٵһħߣƫƫʯ̾͵ĵ·ԥˣļʯϵֻһңڵȳǣȳλٽɽԭ
ֻħǣħĻӰЩǲᷢĴڵġ
Ҷ֪ʰһʯӣ̧ЩΧż̳ݵĿܣͼǲԼŵİǿһͷʯ̾͵ĵؽ磬̫ͻȻ⶯֮˶ֹ
һỽδڣɫȻײü䣬ֻߡ
Ҷ֪һԾգӸ¿ϱ仯ǿԴϽȳǵģŭڹ˰ֻ֮ǿŭһѰȴ߲ʯķΧƬ̣ǾͲѰңֻ类ǣһ㣬صģݣޣþµϺ
֪ٷɸЩ
Ҷ֪лعϿշȥһͷŷ֪˼
ڵʹƼĻһӴļ̳£ǰȻ𺳵ħУȴֻһǣļ̳ʹߴ֮ʱҲ԰ټƵС̳ģǣŰ˷ħۼ
طɺѣֱʺȣ˴ĿĵѪ˵Ѫ̳УǰŻľܡ
ѪأҶ֪üͷؾجΣĽָ󣬵جεĳʼѪء
С̳̫½ٵĴ취뿪ұٴӳ顣
Ҷ֪ҡҡͷȡ̣ȳڵķλһǣһа취׻Ѫؼ̳
ȻǽģɿѪܺѹѹһƬˣЩеĿǳѪز֪ͬвǱ鲼Żأ֪Ҫ嶯ʦзӵġ
Ҳǳ嶯ڴˣ㱻Ӱ죬Ҳ࣬Ҷ֪ȳΪȶ̸ֵ̫òһһС̳ǣֳܷЩ̫Լʦ͵ҿŴһħΪһ˲ãħڴˣЩܿľǻ󷨴ħϢЩʿӽҲ޷Ჽ壬Ϊ׼
ٽɽԭ֪̽˵죬Էʿϰõ󷨣޷ϹħĽңɷУӴͼڣҲƽġ
Ҷ֪˼ˣ̾˿ֵἰ˰ٽɽ֪˴˵ػһȻΪǻǰǰ㣬˼ѳ˽֪㣬治֪ǲǸõһԵһǸıɣȴҲŤת˵
һҪŴˣʹްǧ֮⣬ǻǰŴʱǰΪ⻹δǰ磬ȴȻ
ǳҪ̾һδҲֻ׽Ūˡ
ûûǾ䡰ٽɽĻʱգлһٵħͷľĲöļƻ
Ҷ֪ר־֮ʱһɺȻǰһ֮вһ˲Ȼ˲ƱܿǼϮܿķʽһޣϵǰҲ顣
ȥҲֵ֪˭˱һսҪδɵʱ
ԭ㻹ֱ죬ǸСˣħǰУֻΪǰ裡Ϫ˫ұĺ죬һգȴŭβ˿ſɲЩܵģ
̫ԼˣҶ֪ܵˮ˵ҲƮƮģ㵱˿ˣܱɸȡ֣㲻Ӧм𣿡
ʲôûֻ֪ŪĻͷ¶βûھֻ֪ģδţδǱ˿˼̬Ͳ֪ô˰աϪ˵óӦһֻ֪ܵȻ࣬ϼ䣬Ҷ֪źá
ȴû룬ⲻ֪Ϊεİˣ̬ǲеģһΪǵˣȴֵֻҶ֪һ̣һڿʱʱ֣°ɣһ˫Ȼߣ¿ɲŮ˶Сʱ򣬻ء


110 ѩ
Ӳ񣡡Ϫһѹ̳¿ һԪӤʿľѹơ
ǱԵ˵ã˲ϢʹӸ߿սѪؼ̳֮ϣŲӯΧѪرԵһ̤룬 ŶԷѹ˵ܵж ɾͽ˵ص˸͸
Ҷֻ֪ЦϪ˺ôƣ ȴƫй˼ɣ ǶǶǸϪڿǹ ȴֲòηħ
ڵĹӵ£ʹɽΪ䶼ڻ£⻯ڴܲңҴݻ˼̳ Ϊɱһˡۡһؿܡ
һֽţôΪ߸ϣ Ҳñǳ֮˷ھء
Ǽ̳ܵĿѣסԴ˻Ϫѹǿһ֣Ҫһغ ׶Ͼ Ҷ֪վѪرԵΪɵģѹ𵴽ѪҺÿÿӽŵһȳ֮ħ߸Ŀνռʱ˺͡
ֻٸħһˡ
֪Ϊʦϵȫһ һλ䣬 Ϊһ
Ҷ֪ﱾǼƻȫ⻰绢 뵽˲ʲô£ЩʻֻʶԷǷṩ˱ȴʼһǹֲ˼˵û˵ѡ
㵹һ˲ںϻһ˲ٲ֪֮߳¡Ҷ֪ﴽ΢ʶȡЦ䣬ɲǰΪ˲ģŶԷЩʱյļգҪװ֪һЦ
Сüģųʳָϣһö׺ָҫɽ䣬ҲȻڣҰ޾壬Ժöһ磬δõϣᰭĴ£һɱһ˳⣬֪ů
໰Ҷ֪
Ҳֻô˵ҡһ䣬ȻûҶ֪ģһĨӨ׵Ӱ
Ҷ֪ͣפ˽ŲסͷһͷĿѣҡҡλΣڿʬѪ֮ҡڲһˮ磬ƳЩߺ
ֻϪ̾ͳһӣɺӽɲǣѪضΣһҪȡġ
Ҷ֪һ˫峺ͫӳŵѪɫȻҲЩұ̬֮һɴ׻մȾɱҵ޼ȴȻҡҷˡ
ǱŶͷַǰһƣʱ׷ץģڵʸֱ۵ɲǣǺϵһűӷ˻ȥ
ͼһƬɺһϢ֮仯ӨףҶ̧֪Ȼڰյħ޵۾ת˲Ĺ˵ĿνǾʷ׳ʣٰ仯ӿϲ˷ܵţٵһ̶׻λãֳɫȻҡ
Ҷ֪߸·һǰһ̻ǶԷıӣһִ߶Ÿǰ̣ǻԽ佫ǲһħ֣һεοڵ档
ΣľȣħͿ֣Ϫڲһ˼̳ҲҶ֪ÿĶԷ㣬ʹⱾһһУ¡
Ҷ֪ɫƿȫ֣𼴽ñȻ̾ħħΪϵһ̣עյİܾ֡
Ϫˣɫ԰ף޺ױǿ˼ɫأЦģĹˣһֺϵһҲ
ˣҶ֪սЩʧѹƵĿһӿϣ˺ϪȴҲ˼ƲߣռʹûһһȡΪ̫ۼ֤ҵˣ󷨹Ѫħ֮󣬾ûˣһƲֻҪӽֲ𡣡
ɡϪҧгݣȴֲòΪֶܿܵһǱչǰ
ԻΪƭ㲻ñ|ܣⲻǰ֮ԱԾθҵһɡˣҶ֪ջħ޵ıӣ˵صĽ鿪һѷ죬Ƿ¶𲻿ˣҲ㣬ԲαʳȤʵ鷨ֻûлᣬԱǻЩΪϣǻᶮȡᣬ룬㽫ľ˵Щʲô
Ҷ֪￴ʣƳһλ֮Уٻ˿౻ħˡ
˵ԣĪҪƵôԱûûһ̳
һƬ˻вôʹధŭҶ֪ǱûиԵħ֮ĹϵҶ֪Ϊ˭ںħǰҪɱ㣬Ҫʬ޴棬ҪҷֻҪ̤ħȡ㹷
Ҷ֪ﱾǽָ֮ϣŴԣȴͣפƬ̡
ҲϪȻǰûǣԽʹԽǱ˺ҧԽЦſ񣬡ڿ˵㣬ʵֻǰ㵱˸ˣֻ֪Ӵһң̾˽˵ʬ׾˳һһ򣬴Ӳһڣ˵أҲΨһҴߣ¯|Ǹ
Ҷ֪ɫȻֻħ޵ı׳˽϶ٿȻ϶л׹䣬Ҷ֪մ˷Ƭ֮ˣܸ֪ϪݻˣģǷߺ޵˻ΪУ˵㵹ңʹɱңҲֻʵԼһա
԰գͣƾ˲Ϣ뿪ħߣֻĵǰԱΪĻϣϪȴǱħѹƣ޷ʹһ̳ĴԶϡ
ħ֮ˣ޴ӵ֪٣Ψһڶħ֮ǴδһйֵģħڳӶǵǧ꣬ӦöݰʹܵĸΪ
ԴԼһĲл궼ѪпᣬҶ֪ɱʲôģҪģΨһˣˣδ
ڣз塣
Ҷ֪ǧı£ҲһʱͻصţľļɶԣѲΪΣľΣ
޵ĹؼһˣһɨµһıչأҲʮİ˶ħĶĳıڴ֮ǰµĵӽҪ¡
һͼ뽪𻰣Ϊضԣ˲Ӱӽһһ̽һ⶯ͻȻйһ˲ܵܣȴ˿ûз̽˸ס
Сʦǡ֪Ҷ֪ڸ֪ħϢɫ£ǽɻ֮˳Сʦ֮ҪԸҶˣ
Եζ޿ܣҶ֪񱲷ʹȻ֮Ҳòһ©˸ЩħҲҲޣ
ҡ֣۹˸űܿӣżգңˡ
ȿȣСʦٹܽʱգ˿ɲǴδģΪﶼմȾҲǳһŵҩ׵¡ᵽ£ΪʦҲΡ
㲻Ǵ𣿡Ҷ֪Լֻ念ȴҲûϸµ˼ľΣҲǰ˰֣˴£һ½ȥΪڰ꣬̽塣


111 ټ֮ʱ
Ҫˣ ¸ԼУҲ˲ЩĪĻ˼һ  ҿɲǴʦǰ֮ˣ һ̤ ҾͲմȾһħ
㻳ңҶ֪΢ţ°Լ߳ˡ
Ƶһڣ ֻ⻹Ǵǰİ㲻ģ񻹶˸ǲı֣ѵ䶼ɣǱЩе˲ͻɺ ҹ֮ʱΪʦܣܾʲôҲöཻ䣬 ΪħһҲ뿪֮á
ҪչأħҲ޴󰭣Ҷ֪֪Էǹģ ʶ꣬ ҪһЩ֣˸ǰһͣҲЩմħ߹һս  ȻҲһҵħϢ
ҲءЩεһ
ȴǰᰴסҶ֪ ϸϸ飬üĿչƿһ񣬵СʦһϢҵȴҲħϢԶӿ֮ȴҲӦñչͻ֮
ͻԪӤжãɲʲôɡ
ҲΪٵЩʱգؾӶ࣬һСʦ𣬵ֳݣʦڣΪ߻ȰһȰ£ʦҲóˣڻͻһϣָһҲǺõġ
޷Ҷ֪ĿʹȻƶһǶвؼ㣬˳һӣ˲ʤգһö͵˽Ը԰Ϊڣ˶бעĳλǷֻȷϣǣ⼸޾ϸؼ
סһ˲Ƕ̬ǧ֮˵Ҳ侲ȻĴ֮ȻһԼo֮ˡ
Ŀ⹧
Ҷ֪ﲢδ򽪳̬ȱ仯ӦֻӷԸʦ֮ǰϧһдչǵԭϡ
ЩɶļƷֲСʦ˼ȫ𣿡ٴȷϵ
ǣҪ֪ǲϧһдۣγָ̧ۣͨоӪҲɡҶ֪
͵ͷʵָЩʲôأ
з壬Ҫ˱ףҶ֪ĿƳһ۽˹ܲס죬ܲģҪʱȡ֮
԰գһ»ָ˾ףΨϢ֤˵һˣ˵˼仰ȹһ˶ҡ˶յ
պǲĹ¸ģصϣεҵˣܺóԶңܺĻôʦȥúüලʦˡ
˼ˣ˽ˣȡЦ
ʲô˵Ҹʲô˼һɫȻڣӣľΪԶ֮ϣ͸ʦ𲢼ۣ֮ܶйҡ;ҵļ䡣
͵翴ˡ
㻹ЦЩʱ˭ûػص
㵱澭飬Ȼˣͻһֻģ֮̾ӣܷ״ȴȷ϶Է񡣡
뿪Ҷ֪ͣػصԼס󷨲úãԼ׸̻ǺأʼΪڰıչظ
ؼ䣬ǲ׺һڣΪǣУΨȻ򷨹ڡ
Թ޳𣬳ڳȴСңأٹأ򷨽ҡ
ٺ֮֮֮ΪУҫʣɾһס
ɾ͡
˴˳ɾ͡
Ҷ̸֪Щ֮󣬺Ȼг룬֪޷ԭΪ飬˵˳ӽЩΪ˽һ֮ˣ޳̫ȴҲǷؾ֮·
ȻҲĳ֣ҡ˵ĵģ飬һ͸ЩҲѡǾ䡰˴˳ɾ͡ȴƫƫڷ֮ⷬ󣬻Ȼĵõֻмһ棬ܽ޷ͻƵľϰ
һչأȴҲҶ֪֮ǰԤϵģķ˰֮ããȴƸ㯣üĿ֮һơ
˴αչأ͵ǻᱻﴫԼħȷϣȽ´ȥ֮ǰӰ쵽ӷֺҲڴ˶ġ
Լļλʦֳ˶ĺҲƵ⣬з壬ףõӦḷ̌ɣڲƴ۵شչĵֲʲô֤ʵħڴ֮£ЧӶԷڶ֮ǰȡж
ҲһãֻԼӭҲ裬з廹֮С
Ҷ֪̤һʱУһͷƼһֻɫһһϣ˿ַ̱ʻһľ壬һȦ
ˣҶ֪
δüָ⣬ŴķȥҶ֪Ҳδϣֻһ·Σǰ˳Ҳ˼ʱյкιڵӣԼۡ
ϴ˷˸ЩҲֻܾˡ
Ͽɲֻһ޵˺ϵ磬˭Ƕа֪֮١
˲ͻûþ𣿡
ԣΪҲ˵ǧ黯ΪУҵΪ磬룬Ϊһء
飬ǳ˭֪ϱչ֮ؾǰ֮
ǶҾ֮Ƽ˳ࡣ
Զﴫա
˵Ҷʦ𣿡
Ӧġ
Ҷ֪ҲֻʵϣЩͽ׵̸ǷˣͲἰԼǰĲ²⣬Ԥ֮£ȷˣȴҲô졣
ĥã˴Ҳ̼֤һĻΪļ١
Ǿδİ£Ҳǻ˵һܶ־ڣһӵ뻳ͼңǣȴǶ˽ԼƸС
Ҷ֪Ҳǰưͣ˿ƺΪȴΪİŹֻɣ̾⻨ֵˮжѴҲϤ㲼µ󷨵ģǲά񰡡
ֲģڻʹһȻҲѰ÷Եз塣°͸Ҷ֪ļϣһֲķβ۵
ôףΪ˼ˡҶ֪ЩڵŲŲ
ˣ׿ڵԼӴΪʦµ󷨣أָһ;֮һֵĲ˰ա
æòɿĻĽҶ֪űչظ֮£Դ˿鶯Щִߣһķǣ˿ӭˡ
֮ͬˣķӦӹһһϤˣֻϹͣȴ˲أҲµ̾Ƕˣ֪һ·Ҳ£ˡ
ˣֻЩҶ֪ҪѰ˼˵԰ο;Լȥ۵Ȼһɡ
ҭƼΪ˵Ѱ׷Բԣʲôõġ
ֻЩӰˡҶ֪ϢЩȣȴҲöԷ״ģ˶ȥˣˣֻƽЩƣһ߽ʿ˵ɲΪֹΪ֮¡
ٿο䣬־ɿ̧һư˵òͱһԼָĳסۡ


112 
ô𣿡Ҷ֪૵
ִ̧˴۵ĳУ ʧǰĹǶԷԸԼ࣬˵ƤҪ Ҳ˳֮ʱӡˣ ˻ĵģ ԣ еȴǶԷΪ
ůƴ΢סһ˲ ڸȡůһţҲҺ⡣
ţҶ֪ɻȴ⡱ʶ̧Ȧ˶ԷĲһɨǰеĳ СèƵȰοұʦͽ ǰ˺곤ЩֺηҴӣһ磬 Ÿغա
ʱʼ纰ô˳ˣ һֻиطǵüˣи硣ס°ͣѰƵǳĴ ˿ԼĴ⣬
Ҷ֪㿪ƣ ̧־ʹ϶Էǰ˵СԼĴ׶ԣһǲ֣ɲǲչþģҲ磬Ѳɻܻ
ס֣ϣΪе̫ˣ㶼ĽлϰˣԺͺա
ҿΪǹ𣿡Ҷ֪ﱻһ˫˶㣬ҲûܿûסЦư͵صϣϥųһţһȦҲû´˽ǶҪץӵЦͣ˼ֻèץƵغһ裬Цú˵αĥˣǸС𣿡
Ȼͱ׽סǰһǣһգֻḶ́ضһȾסȴһߵԼϣһ߻ϲߵˣҲһ˲²һ̾ͳ˵ظߣСˣҸůů
ľˡҶֹ֪Ц⣬ٿȻ˼֣ദƽȣҲˡ
չ֮ʱʲô϶ҵĵҪĵõǵСһůϢһǵɫһ
õ˵Ҷ֪򵽵Ŀɲһ˵ܾ˺˵ֻջ֣ã۲ӣҲǽݵֵ쾡£˵Լǲҿɲˣûһ㰤ҲͰˣȴ֮󣬱Ǳ̬
ҡ̾һ
ǡҶ֪æ
ʱõֻϰ߾ͽ־˾֪סкβˣƲԷüۣʲôԼ롣
ˣ黰Ҳˣˣ綼ǿˡ
Ҷ֪ԷȻҪӣϢȻԶˣO@죬ǵɨģ˰ա
ҲѪͷԣ֪ǲǸõһ嶯ٿȻѰϤϢһ§סԷĲϣӶСģһʱԼǺεȹ˹ĵĽɫһͽѹ£ץ죬öԷһɽİ⣬˭֪һץץ˸ա
ûˣ
㡭Ҷ֪ǰһжһ˲Ǿжա
ˣһֻźԣռȨ
ֱֻ˳ˡˣģЩζͷǰ׵ģʲô׷ԲԣС˾ͻ
СΪʦһԳУҶ֪ⱾȡЦˣƬ̵Ĺ򣬾ͷֱҷǸ۰߲ĳǽɿ̾䵽һߡ
Ƽ˫΢ţëϻ۾̫鶯ϢҲѵõһͬ˷ִ磬˫˰͵ͷٵϢȴǽܣֻŴһʹеѪӿ
Ĩɺ죬Уȴ֪ʵ˻ˣ
㣬۸ңˣҶ֪ﻹжǺ˼ͷԶǿհһƬ֮Уģߣл㱾ҪɽۣճϼɣȴǾǳбϵ˱𴦣˲Ϣ˴ɽ䣬һʱǻֽţҪֱ׾ٵضȥֻ˶ԷԸ磬֡
Ҳ֪һ㲻öԷеǼʶϵľԿƵģֻҪ룬Ʋ޴ӵ֪ʱյ㣬ܽĥڴз
֪ỽ֣Ĩ۽ǲƻ飬ϧֲɵ˵бҪ飬ƫҪһ¶ȵġ

Ҷ֪Ҳ֪ԼôͰôˣÿÿ⵵£ͻὫİԵǿͲļطݣÿεƣԵһЩֻСģֺãģܽһеȫľǨˡ
Ҫÿζ֪Լˣ͸һЩܺùɫ¡Ҷ֪εûйֻһİõŵһַսãһƫͷϵһûһ˵Ż
ûԼˣ԰գͼ֮˺ǲŲŲ̶̬ȣˣˣŽ̲ģҶˡ
Ҷ֪ȻķӦǺõģз۾ʱ˵ĻĲУ˵һΡ
ľ䣿ֶ˶٣Ҳˡ
Ҳ֪ԼÿζడҶ֪ÿü΢䣬̧ƳʵȻõģͼҪ˵Ѿ֪Ϊɾˣ㵱ѾҾ飬ǰʾ;οĿҳɻģ
˸б̹ЩȻ֮ʱЦ⣬ЩΪʦߵ֪࣬ΪΪ;
ѭ塢аرģҶ֪ʵ棬Ҳ
ľأ𲢲ֻ˵ҰڷΥɷвҵģ籾ͰǧǸвͬҽĸ򣬷ſ֣лԵ߳أټ磬ʱٺԼûмرģ㼴ʹԸңҲΪԼûػ󣬶徲
Ҷ֪һ˲ȴЩһ˫ǹڵ۾ȻһɫɲҶʱͨЩ
ȴ˽ĸЩǣ֣֮һСĵԼӣ¶ȣٲЩʱ˼֮ʱĻţЩ̫ȴΪ֮ʣҵľΪıҡΪԼ飬ûĵ󣬿㱾Ͳ磬ˣ˴¶ȡ
硣
Ҷ֪ﲻΪ֮һͲó磬ֻΪ˵Ĺ켣֮ʱͱ֮ħˣֻǳڵ磬һԵֱֻڻ֮󣬵򴫳е˼档
ȱҪ͵һ磬һԲͬҶ֪ľƼգˣĵȴηļ￴һ磬˼飬кβɡ
׵̫˹ģһѳˡ
Ҳ֮ʱҲһأ͵ˣƫҪҾһճ˵úܡҶ֪Цһ
ǲˣֻҪ뵽飬ͻҲѣ㲻Ҳû𡣡


113 
һƣ ӳҫ
Сߵϣһ°͸ڽ˫ſʯʵĴ
һذµ£ ٵ˿Ե£ţ ϵĽ˿|ȻǱװɫë̺ һ¹αϸºǻš
촵ޱߴ鷢 ͽһݾԣǳ Ѱ˶ĸ䵶̰ΰʣǹͣǱϫ³ˢʯûǣһϲ ׽
ûºۼӣ֬ ʢѩ̧֮ʱ˳ëͶµӰҲһ˫ǻԣЩ⣬ Ǳһˮ͸˫üĿЩˮ顣
紵ľƵء֨ѽ죬 ͷֱϣֽ̧ڵĵľƣ˿ʵֱۻ䣬ֳһ˶ĺ졣
ûзؽҹĲ зҹ׵ɵһߴʤ
ҲһСľﻭ һ˲ָ£˻ȥ ˳һͷڼ米ϣ˪ѩ죬ȴǼᣬЩᣬ˵ֻҪͷ˵˼ҵ
֮ӣ֮ϵΪʦ⼸ˣ֪ǺƢĪҪҹ£Ӱˡ
Ǳ˿һƢˣŲŲӾͷ˸գתڴߣһƿΨеǸ֮ʱһ̣ôһ˿˵ĶͷҪԷ򲻿ܵģ⼸һβǱҡһ˲ĿӣͲ˰ϢҲ˾˼
ԳΪʦߣɽպƢ֪ͲԹͽܡ
ҽ˵庮Ͳôҹ磬һǰ𣿡˵Żȥ׽֣ȴǼһףһߣǱ֮ǰĿƺܺ׽ģˣֻСĺŵɫЩˣҲûʲôÿģ£һůһȥɺã
Ҷ֪һֱȥſڴϱĿ
֪˴һ
̫ӣȥγȥڶһ¾͹ͷۣ˵ֵֵȥˣڴеǰվڰٲ⣬ҪһֵֵŲһ£ܶԲ֣ˣ˵Ҳۡ
ſ̹Ǵ̨еúõľͷãƫҪʲôʯģǡ
Ĵ
˵飬ٿȻֵηΪ˲֪ƣЩҲǽ׳ǣµǰռû˫ɲˣҪҪ
֪ỽ
š
𸴣һȴַӦѣôú壬һ᳭ϥ䣬һס˼磬Ƽǰһ̻־ᶨˣ˳ı͵˻˯ȥ˺೤ݰʣҪԼĪѻǰ˵ˡ
˱Ҷ֪йôһ˲ѣûغ˼£ҲüůἫ˵˵źĻţţûʱǸˣһ࣬ȴŵ˲ؾüºǳЦ
Щǵ黰̫飬ֱմγ֮ʱȷԼſڴϻſϣҲûƾܿ۾һᡣ
⽫ӰͶߣһŮӷٵĻҶ֪Ƽ˾һʱûסЦæסֹ˯ˣѹסһЦ⣬žЩ˼
ʹҲò֪Ȼˣգһ´棬ûǻΪͷϣԷҲֵðˡ
Ҷ̧֪ʰȵ˯գ̧Ღ˲ԷĽëԼͣԼʦǲһģ˾̳̣һ˿ģβŪ۸Էëס˳˶Ƥһ¡
㣬ɲ˼ץǰҹߵɽ䣬ȡһɫ裬ΪˮڣָΪʣϻ˸֣ţϻ
üĻ˸üͷ
ֶֽմȾЩڶԷմȦͿĨЦ˵ţĨ֬ͮͮ
ٸ㻭ױҶ֪Сָմźɫҩ֭ӣϣԷӣƤչЩڽסŮ⸱߰ﲻĴϻһֻ
˵ÿˣ׽ŪױҲǻ˸ÿֻǴϻСĴױէһۿȥЩЦˡ
Ҷֻ֪̾Լ|ʲô󿴿ҿôԽԽ˳ˣһԼſ˵ҰãѵлửɵĴܲӭƸС
˾ԴԼȲǻпԷûԼˣŹװ˯ֵҲǳգһ˲ͱ𳤷˻ϡ
գۣëëؾһʱ绢ˣȻĻˮֻõİ黰δüɫھڵϻҪˡ
㡭Ҷ֪濴ԼĽ֪⡰ˡָʲôҲǰûЦֻü΢Ǹ־ͻһЦͣǶ϶ģ촽һĴԻ
ϻɫƽ˾ؾķ
˺ˡҶ֪ﱧԹŽͷĴϻƣһƲֻĵǶǵʦһ˳׳ʵ
۾һתƳһߣ֧ԼֱҲ֪ǲǹģЩǲϻ
˺ˣҶ֪￴ԷֿЩֱԵ¶ǵ˫ۣҲȡЦҲϰߵĿ죬ȴ˽ӽʱƫͷܿˣҲģҲˣȥϲϴɾˣ˵ա
Ϊϲ𣿡°ת˹Ҫ˶˵
ͲһأȴǼ㶯֮ʱףᷢЦ𣿡Ҷִ̧֪϶ԷͷĨĨڿ̵ĺء
֪ʲôһס֣ǣߣǡʡס˳ǵ֮˺˶䣬׻׽ŪݵˣṴ𴽽ǣЦó磬ֽǺɫδȫȻȥָⰴԼĥ䣬ؽƷĵҩ֪Ҳνͬģ֪Ӳ˷ѻӻͣ˰ɡ
Ҷ֪˵̵ЦȴҲǱòңһ˫۾΢˸鶯̬֮ɶԷǸȴʣ͵˵ڶԷ֮ʵһ̵ࡣ
ҽϾҶ֪˫סŷŻָԭòĿ侲ӣദУѩ׵ҲȾķָۣⶼ΢΢Ųһ̾Ϣˣ̵ܡ
Ҫϻͣһǲ˿ܵϡ
Ҷ֪ȻǶ˿̻侲ЩΪԹʵڶԷΪصԸɾˣɱ˵˰ա


114 ѳ
зԺһƬï֣ܵ ļ̣ԲԣʱҶɳɳ죬 ǵû˴˵徲 һԶʤھ׵İ
Ҷ֪Ƭ֣ Ҳʮţ ̼ʱ֪ʦĶԷʦ Ŷ¶㺣Էħ֮ͷϣҲ׳ŵѰˮһƵ
ֱƵˮ֪ԡ֮ʱζ ˼ǵκˮȣ ǵˡ
ηţ
ǰΪβɿʱֻ֪ˮ¶ȺϸҪúܵġ
£ͱһ̤ţͼƮ˶ëѩ ѩȻ뺮ͬģ ģҲ˵ķϣϣƬ̫½ºۼ ѩ ʾʧĶֻعˡ
ѩ֮ʱΪ⣿
ǴǵΧһ̿ӣ Ǽʹѩѹ֦ͷɪһˮţȲѩҲ̹и֪֪ů˺ߣʱˮ£ɼ
Ҷ֪ȻԼǸǿµҲΪ𻨷޶ȵ΢ʣܵԼ֪˵ǺĸǶܽлӻ
˵˵ôõĵطôղŴҶ֪ſڰߣֳطһʵ̾Ϣ
ⳡѩΪ˵ͻ𣿡˫Ȧļ磬ʳָ΢Ĳһһ´Ӻᵽ°ͣȡһֻѵùɵè
Ҷ֪һֱǰĸоºʱ˳ŶԷĶͷɴ˿ȻǶԷһ仰ǵ⽾Сèըȩ̈־ͽ̹İսˡ
תҲüɻɫҲͣһشԷմˮϵİ׷ůĲֻһ˵ͽԷǰϢ֮ʱȴƫͷһ˸ա
ԭôģҶָ֪ᴥĶ䣬Ƶǰ֮ʱͣƬ̣öԷʻĺԼָһ˫èƵ޹˫ۣĲ𣿡
ǡ֪ܲҶ֪һԲϼƽˣСС˼ùƫƫ⿴ƹɵˣӵ֪Ҫ߽壬ȴֲò˵òĪҪҲ֪ˡ
ν£ȻΪǰյķݣݵҲһ˵⣬Լ£һǲɳ|£ϢϢ֮˵Ҷ֪˼Ҫ²ǡ
µȴҪϢˡ
ⶨص˿ɲܳϦģǻס˶ԷĲͷϷŪһȻһͷĿѣ˾̫ϤһӾ˳ǰ֮ʱĻ棬ҲôǰһڣҪҪ
Ҷ֪һͷԽĻΣǰļ¶Ϊ΢ˮʧȥʶҲ˵ùȥһΪСİ֮壬ֻüЩЩþˣεóҲ˵ƫƫô֪ġ
Ƭ̣͵ԼСɰת֮ٳʲôڶţ˭֪Ҷ֪ﲻûһпԼϵԽԽˡ
˲٣ϵСѶûˡ䣬ҲǸһĵ㣬̨׶̺ˣôСèȴĥצˣ
֪֪ûӦֹЦòϢˣʵڰʾҰգ
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ԣ֣ˡһ仰ֹסҶ֪Ķ
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⵹Щ˼չ֮ǰŵĻһδħϢǰ޷ܵˣղǷһ֣ķҪһˡ
һϮ򽪳磬ͼԷӦѸٵص˵ߣҲֻ֣Ϊһƻ񣬶Ҷ֮ϵİѩԼòݵرܿ˪ѩһ·׷˶־
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һٿȻտδӦͽӵͻ˵档
Ҷ֪סȴһѽƿոʤǰһġߡͶ˵ܵˡ


115 
˵ϷСʦִ
з壬 ͵סտ֣ͬ״ֵҲûһˡ
ΪΪպ󳤾֮ҲմȾЩ׸ ȼĻǻϲõ㡣
Σ Ǻ ڰֻɢ ۽ü͸Щɫʦûεˣ㵹˵ҸƵġ
С³Сʦܣ ɱˣż¯ʩ˵Ϣüͷһһģ 㵹˵˵ʦĵ£ λŻģʦ֪㱻ħֿ֮ʱΪͷûʦҸ˰ա
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ָߵŲ輸 ҷɫĵ˺ɫ ȴҲЩ֮Уһת ڿЦ㲻ˣþľӮɣ
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һ¶ڲ豭ԵĥĥĴŵ٣ܻǰĻͷһ⣬ǵ˶ͷĶҲ֪˶ԷûУɱСʧܺú̽һѽ
ϹϹȵĻëһûġѩСзۣƳŽĲ豭̾
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ӲͼӴһѣСѩǺβȥԹػһĴ¿̲ݻ
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˿ȴе࣬ʲô·ӣ˿֪ڸǻͷϰա
˵ìܣúӽͽͣ˵գ۾ͷƪˣʦҲΪȫһηֱ׳
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Ҷ֪⣬ѧװ˯治ôףǱⲻͣڽŵ˫ǵβ죬ǼⶼЩ
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һĸǰԼȥˣǲĵŲŲϽս֣ǿȵĶ£ɷԼԽԽѺˣҿǺ˵ˣ˵ŮӵģϲöˣֵΪӰû㣬籦˵˵ΪβǺð
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ˮ̫ͻȻҶ֪ﱾΪԼȪε˱زὫԼˮ˭֪˼Ҳı䱾
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ˮ۾ĿңеˣЩգȴֲ֪ôҲ˴Щգ˶ƵʣӦ΢ĺʽЩ⡣
ۣܡһ󣬾ҲᣬʹҶ֪˵ѣܣֻԼĲͽ࣬Լϱ絽Ӿľء


116 
ˮϸһ ܽޡѩףƸƼƯڸסˮ¶Ǻι⾰
Сѩſϣ Դһĸǰצϻȥ ֹǺͺ˰ɣȻǺͺ˰գµĶ
νӣ ҪԼһСĵȥ ˸׵ĺ¿ɾˡ
ĬĬתԭ·˳ȥĬĬһ֮صҪ¡ǽͨ ҪóǿӲֶ
Сѩ뿪ûãˮϾһƬһָֻ˳ƵˮץסǼһǣת˸Ȧ

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ʱ𣡡Ҷ֪һ绹û˵꣬ȻͱȥòŲ˰벽
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֪нգǲǵ˸Ҳõʱ͸ö࿼ЩֻŴСˡҶ֪ǲֱط˸
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зҹɽŽһѩǸŨЩѩĴڴ֨ѽѽ죬ǡӤʣŮߣƽҹЩϢ
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ܼģ ɲǱɵˣ ֪գ۾ˣһȥŲǴɹޣ ȴǱҶ֪ץĽġ
ⲻƣ˹ưգ֣°͸ϣͬȥǴɹĶѵܿ|񫣿
Ҫң һȥҶ֪һģ ʹĶͷɫҲޣҲգ۾ Щһ۾Ͷģ ֻҪӦˣƵڶۣžϰˡ
ʲôͷ ȻҶ֪֮ʱ ΪԵ¯־壬Ҳôӣ ԼüʱЩӶˣ˭ôЩģ
Ҷָ֪ڴɹãȻͱϵ⾪һû˵Сһͺ׳棬ЩôŬ⣬㲻Ϊһ|ҲͰˣûҡ
գգۣҾͲˡȰ
͸òһ㶼Ľ硣Ҷ֪;ٿȻܵĿڴ䣬ȴ˼Է¶ȣ֪ж䣬һʱֲóˣܸȡȡůҲǺõģΡȻΪöԷ֣˱ܵ̾ϢûС
ֱô߼һǵһάһյĲиŬ˲丶֮һѳ˵Ļ֣תռ˵غǳ߯Щ˭ˡ
ҹҧúˣɫƵᣬδԷԼǸΣδԼĻ˶߳ܣĿסĹĵİ˵˫Ĵָָ˼ҵƤ˱˲Ѫ˿˫ȴ飬۾ңҾͲۣҪˡ
Ҷ֪ܵһ˿˿º͵ذ۾滺Ҳ˾ĶƽԷֻһҽߣҪһлġ
һŻòϷŪˡ
Ͷĥ־㣬ר־Ҳ㣬Ҷ֪Ʋţ΢Ĺλӳϣɲһϴģ㵹ң˵ʲôˣûҿɲ֪ô˵ˡ
㰡ΣӲ֪ʲôĥûƢˣĲãֱ͵꣬޵ǾĽô֪ҲǺôЩ꣬Ƣˣ
ҪҾĽҶ֪ƿԷ֣˫Ƥ΢֮ʱǻָĿʹʾ⣬㵹ǹܺԼ֣Ҫں֮ʱûһȥ㣬ȥȡů깲ɽա
ԭôð𴽽΢һ̾ģ
ˡҶ֪һӵĻ˲䱻ҭ˻ȥ
üͷһһס˫֣˰ڵõ̬ͣżΪУԼ£̸µʱͲˣˣ㣬Ǻ׳治ãѰȥЩ𣿡
𣬡Ҷ֪˫۶˼ҵĿ⣬࣬⻰˵ЩᣬǲǵǲģǴĵװЩ
̧°ͣ࣬һű˿ȻЩʣ
Ҷ֪ﱾһֲˣ⻰ɲǵһˣĴβǷǵŰݣԷԼ£⻰òǴա
˵Լ󣬿òΪϵһ޽У˫ӦõģĽķΪ˵ĹϵԷʱĶġ
ҪͷԽͰ˵Ǿ͸ǵ
Ҷ֪òôг⣬̬ȺǸſһ˽֪ɫĻһµĲˣֻǣˣʦ˭֪ܲ˭ܲһ鵤𣬻׹ǣһƴɽһƽ׺һ̤̫½Ҫ
ͷյȫˡ
Ҷ֪šһҲŵͷǣЩҲģֻҪɽͷһվֻ¶ɽХ֮ʾԱѷİķ֮ҪḻĶࡣ
˵Լأս˫֣ԼĿǣǣ̾Ұˣħޣ˺˶ǣһһЦܰ˳Եģҽ㿴ˣһǿԼء
ʲô˺ǣҲͰˣ⻰˵ģҶֻ֪ƾǻ棬һ׳˶˫Уҷоӵģ
ǵǲ˺Ҷ֪һ˫ȾЦ⡣
ϲȥ˺һأЦŽǰקק
Ҷ֪˵õ£ԼҲԼģæЦ⣬˭ϲˡ
ɲЧ£Цݸϲ𣿡
˵ءҶ֪֣סЦõĴָһĨ͸˰ѱһֱߡ
Һϲ㣬ⱻǿЦˣ˵ˣҿΨһܼȻǿĴڡ
Ҷ֪صͷЦˣȴСۣ춼𣿡
ⱻ˶Ц˻ûüٶ˵䣬ͱٿȻһѿ˼磬ͼһְסϥ䣬һֶǴɹ޴һ磬һץͽһڰϵյġ
Ҷ̵֪̬ſڶԷҲһıһǶԴǿߵ̬ȣ
ܰϼϿҿɲ˵ˡڲݵԼϵĲλǺݺһġ
һ죬ǲôۣȴǾҶ֪ٿȻ쵽˲Ӹܴ߳еǲǧХһֱͷԣ
ûӦԷһ¡
ɲǻþգ˴ġ
㵱СԺû˴Ҷ֪ݣȴ˫ִڵһ޿
һ´㲻Ϊʦţֻ˳ǿһ·ѧŵ̻壬һʶ̽򣬽мصĶ˲Ϣգߵ齱ߣ˷£ֻֽ򽻵Ҷ֪Уѧϰ˷ѣ߰˼|֮ΪʦΪȲѭ򽥽ͰĲ
ʦ˵㣬СзķݡҶ֪ſϣڱɲ߳ŭ뿴Էһˡ
áһظɴ࣬Ҷ֪һߺ̧һŵ˹ȥ
ֻһɣ°ڱ𣬾󺮶Ƥǣ˲ԾͲ˲Ҷ֪һץסҡҡͷһ¶һ¾ǲݣˣΪռƴˣⷲи߶ȣܾͺСӷ˴־һķ
ǷʦѧѧãҲʹְӣְӣºƽϡ
֪﷽Ż˵Ϊʦ˵㣬ΪʦΪ֪ΪְδػۣתһָҶ֪ǰۼһֻģʲôǺϰԣ𡣡
㽲ˣҶ֪﷽һ磬һİǲۣȴ߳磬ֻŽϰõ˵˸飬޺޵˵ԵԼżɼסˡ
Ϊʦģԡ


119 Ե
һҹѵ˳ ŵѧֵۣ㲻֪ߡ
ХǺ£ ˪ѩ죬 ȴһվ⣬ °׷ѩ Ҫѧʫ黳һѩͷҲûлᡣ
ҹ֣ռʦݵı ðͽŭͷ㷴ҲûУԼĵĸαǸʲôԣ֪ܲ
ǻ̵ճŻᱻģƫûܿס ֪ƳôЩС
Ҳǻˡ
Լ֣΢Ŀƽѩ ȴȶȾˣѩһϾͻˮ
ֻɫг˼תݺ䣬콫 ѣ ɲǺܿεĵĴ߶ˡ
ǽյĴš֨ѽһ죬ڼسĽһ̤˾³˳
Ŵ߳ˣ˪Ḳ˳ë΢ һ˵ͺǳһŰ ɱ˰ա
㡭Ҷ֪ﱾЩõĿ⣬ƼȻ˫˻ѩ ٿȻֳ΢⡣
ԭзѩµ˴
Ҷ֪ݰɡתͷһȥˣлԼڼ˳ȥƫôɵ㶾վѩزߵġ
ǱƼз֮ʿĿģ󣬻ܲҪˡ
Ҫ˵վѩʱЩʲôȻҶ֪һƳϵѩҲѩԼ䲻䣬ҪҪһƳĸŬܲɫ
׻ǰԼ֪ﰡ
ֻղһţȵĺЩͷˡ
Ҷ֪ݾվſڣǹţҲǾůͣŻǻΪԼͷϣûÿأǰĶԷϵѩ
һϲ濴ѩɲͷ磬ǰգҲƢûˡ
ôҲǺϵڵĴܣôηѩĽҲ֪ϡҶ֪￴ƱԹʵĵȻһСΪԷȡůɡ
ȻǹҰ˵̾ĻȴƱ˪ѩסƵģҲޡ
Ҷ֪Ҳ𻰣͵ͷԼϵ£˫ǿãģҲûߵ㣬һȥ͸֪ЩģƲݵ𣬲֪ιʣٿȻһǣֲ˲䡣
Ҷ֪عģȴǶԷһ̾ϢɿҪҵͷˣʮ𣿡
Ҷ֪һգҲ˿˰벽գգ۾ƴγѣǹģƿѽ
ἰʮ꣬ɲǸѧʱΪɣǿƻ磬ҲЩյͷ
Ҳҷ½伱𣿡Ҷ֪ԷҹҲ˵Լѧϰ˼|ˡ
ҲҲǣ𿿽ǰһֽ˴ǸףңһңҲԼϾ˼¡
УҲǲŷĿ˷˶ԳӵĿ־𣿡Ҷ֪ܿԷЩͱ˵ĿӣֻȻؽͷ῿ڶԷϣֻ̧Ӧӵ
ҲѵõûܰĸоЩǿӲסļ磬˴ӻ˸ͷǵ˼ҵ۾УǲˣĿǿ̹ӣŵѩڼϼΣѩ˫㼸磬Ƶģȴֻǵͷǹжϣ˼ֵֵԹһأΪûгڣΪ˵˻ѣأҲӦ֮ڷģֵרĵʲô
Ҷ֪ﱻЩܻģҲԼǱʶôԵ¶Щš
̧ЩӲ¶ԷĶͷȻüĿ΢£ӰҵҿƼվѩ֮ʱͷЩˣû뵽ΪʦôɵС˼ɲǷעȴ˵֮ҿɼˣѣţҷա
Ҷ֪ԷΡȻɫûΪԼĻЩʲô仯ǲˣ̾˿Լϵ֣ɿЩˡ
Ƭ̺󣬵ߣҶ֪һ֧Ŷ˼ŻȴѶƵ۾գ޿̵̧ͷһ棬òһ죬Ҳ۾һգϾͰ˰ء
һ㲻ǷһףңɴͰҲûιˣҶ֪һͱˣ˵ԼĶռƫԽûˣԽƢ󣬺׳Ƶġ
Ҹһ裬˵һרעһ£Ȼͱľѵһ㣬ԽǼûԽϰԵҪһ塣
ҾǣǡҶ֪˷Ӧ̾չʾһν󾢲㣬ĥ˰죬ĥһ䣬ӡ
ǰ𣿡üࡣ
õġҶ֪ĿЩ˸
Ժ᲻𣿡ֵ
Ҳ֪Ҷ֪ɫȻȻ͸һְ֮УʾҰΪʦҪģһƣôһʱ|֮⣬Ҳһѵ÷ԼԺΪʱ򣬻ҪΪھˡ
֪Щ۵Ų£δķ˳Ź⻬ķ˿ԣһĶԼĿϣҲ㡣
Ҷ֪⻰ԼȻ©һģȴҲԷ˽ࡣ
˵ʱ˵ѣҿ治ɫҵģ̾ţıţȰʹЩΪѵȻܾԶʤˣ
ҡ
ϣԼûаңס򢣬̧ͷԼĿ⣬Ҳն˵ĻҿԽ㲻ʵ㰮ұġ
Ҷ֪ƿ˵֣̾˿ָֻǰ֧Ŷֻ̬λŶԷ˵ģչ֮ʱħ𽻹֣ȷֻһõģ̫½ٽɽĻԭȻħϹ󷨽ﻯһħߣԴħеѪؼ̳
ܻȥ𣿡
֮ܣҶ֪ǣ֣ȻЩģЩֶβŵԽӽʹõɽ󷨴еңûа취ڰٽɽϿԼⷨģûдʵ֪ϵȫһ㲻ʣԭǵԼա
Ѫؼ̳ıħ޽ֹĹ̳ȴ˿δ𣬶ܵС̳ҲͨϹֻħϢٽɽ룬Ѫزڴ˽磬ֻǽɴ˽Ļ׼һֻħ
ͷʾ⣬˵Сң˳ֲͼ˵ЩС̳йأ
ǣҶ֪ĿƶҶôħҿ˲ϢĹ


120 ˵˵
٣˷Ƶ˵ļ֣ һ㣬һżʹҲδԷѿѵõܵĿźһء
ⲻѣ ֻҪͻľ ֮ Ϳɽ˼̳ĳ Ҷ̸֪ܵļƻü䶼 Ҫ˵ԼҪ˵𣬿ɾЩ⣬ƼԷ˫̶Ƶ۾ȻǸЩԾ࣬ 㲻ҵ𣿡
ģȥ𣿡֣ ٿȻ⶯ЩҶ֪Ҳǰ㡣
ҲûҶ֪Ǹˣǰȴ˸ա
ļƻ㲻ȫĸ˻ڶɽ֮ʱȥЩģ Ҳ˵Ϊֹ׽٣ жȫ׼ӦȻҶ֪ںϵǴΣǷܳŵҲδ֪
οȴʧɱǸ׽֮лֵѩϼ˪ ڤڤоΪֵһԡ
һ˦䣬 ֱ˲ϢЩǧ֮ϣ ü΢˫仹ǵĮɲϵɫĺ죬ʾŴ˿ֵ
Щ˻һȼ̣ϲŭҲһ˲Щˣ𣬶꾲ĽϲŭɫٶŭĽҲڱɽ֮·ӿĲΣ˵ü˿ɼĻ˭Ҳ֪Ҫ¶ٵķ˪ƽϢˡ
ɽգֻΪҶ֪һ仰һΪäĿţһΪԸĳ嶯Ϊ˸ס
Ҷ֪ҲǴ˿̲ףʵ긲Żѩĸɽ˲ЩɽɽҰĻļΪţҲ뺮
ֻٶһ𶯣ѾõĻɽ緢
Ҳͬ⡣
ֲ̳̫ÿһ䣬һξγ䲻⣬֪һһƣÿһͻתһ㡭Ҷ֪ƽģ빵ͨ
ĻĲ˵Ҳͬ⡣
ΪΪֳǣҶ֪ﱾΪԷٻЩӵ£ֻűǳɵϿҧĥ֪˿ʲôشˡ
ΨҶ֪һܶҡ
ħΪΪĵӣԷȥ׳û֪ʦݴٶһȥٵһԼĳǡ
Ҷ֪Щ˫ָ϶Էȵգˣ֪Ϊʲô㲻磬ֻңô˵֮󣬶һǿͻơ
ԽǿԽԶᣬʹһ̣Ҳ׽ȡ֮뿪зǰȥɽٵǿ̣ͲֻʮҪԸˡ
Ҷ֪˵ЩҲ֪ıɽɲڻģģҲģֻԵܷǰ·սᣬұ͸Ҫһġ
üֻѰҶ֪ػ˵ҪƿԷ侲һ²ǣƫºıܿڶԷϵĿⶼԾº˲١
Ҷֻ֪һ̾ϢͶȻЩѩڵĿ⣬ϴůЦ⣬˵ˣʵͦµġ
֪ʲô¡ٿȻսҶ֪˫֣˲ϢƵԶϣ۲ΪѸٻָ˰ݵɫһק´ᣱߵİ촹Уգ۵ĹͰҶ֪˸
ҪʲôҶ֪ﲢû˿б˵һ˫֣ǽҲδĵʲôãһͷܵĽᣬΣɲķʽգ
ԶԶ̧Ȧ˿һһֻֻ棬өյҶ֪һ˫Ǹ԰𪣬̧˫ɻ󲻽۾ÿһֻҵ꣬ѿұػˡ
ʲô˼
Ҷ֪ﱾڼŸɰźãͱ⻰һһֻ˲ưЩԾԶ
㰮ôҶ㣬ʲôѧһԴ𣿡Ҷ֪˿̷ЩˣܸýҲǺŬȥ֮֮ˣΪʲôƫҪԼɣˡ
ҵõʾ㲻ͬǹֱǧ绥й̫½һأΪ£ɽ繫е֮أŸԳһѿµԿףһˣ񼫣һ˵ɽ֮ȫȻŷͻᱻ͵˵أмأ˾ߣֻأԻڰɵĳһǰȥһ̽
Ҷ֪ȴԾˣŶԷľٶûʲôͬΪ޸֮ˣǵʾףϵʲôֶΣҾΪ˳ɾķΪʲôͲһ㣬ȥѵδħҲҪѧһɽԷֽŵ𣿡
⻰һ£⻮ʣպƣƣ췣
㡭Ϊɹĸ߽ʿֱӣͼſھͽ֮ڿڣεˣȴһĮ·ֹˮһ㡣
ˣҶ֪ȻۿͺˣǺˮ峺Ʋǰ˵ģҲƣģˮѹļãȴһƱŲ۾ľţʹѡ
ҭ߬ţǲ˺
Ҷ֪ӣأƲȥƶԷ˵ִҪ٣ԺηʽȦںεأûõģ˵أһǰ¡
ǵģģԸܼţҲùԼһ֮˻ֽţ֮ʹǱһȥģΪ㡭
Ϊ˵ˣ̰ͼ˼ܻܰΪʲôҶ֪˵ЩǻЩƵģΪ˸ңֻǰվҲѧҲȰðһգãܽѵԺΪһأȷҹԶʤһУǡ
˵ͣ´˿ȾһƬ
ǰһεˣһǲ֮ζգΪЩж㵱󲻵𣿡
˫𶯣һѽ˱ǸɻȴԽοԽ޵úϺݺҧһڡ
˭㱧ˣѹˡҶ֪ԽԽģǰ뽲ˡ
Ҳǻúõ𣿡ץԼʲôûˣ˵ǱѩŵĻɽɽµҽҲǻûھͱһώϨ˻𣬡ˣˣҴˣôðΪҿ޹һҲͰˡ
Ϊ޵ûٰҶ֪֣Ǻ޺޵ֱСè˻ӣֻžۣҪҧһ
ֿ޲һģǡһȣͽȦ˻
̫ѺˡҶ֪
Ժ󲻷Ƣúˡ˳ĳСİ
Ҿ̫úˡҶ֪סˣЩ
˭ҪǼ֪Һأˣġ˵档
Ҷ֪ӻ˿Щһ˫ͮͮ۾ԷȴڶˣҪȥ٣³֮Ҫһȥ¡
նҲͬ⡣
㣡
лҪ˵
С糡
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Ҷ֪ú壬ͺѣ˵ʲô
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Ҷ֪ͷ˭塣
¶С
Ҷ֪˵Ҳں㣬û濴
ͷ̫С
Ҷ֪ش𣬹ȻǾҲں㣬ߡ
𣺱ǽ
Ҷ֪ĵȥաܣ
ҾͺѣǶˡ
ȺڣΪʲôҵ˵ںȻô
һԻεζ𣿣ƣ
Ⱥڣۣ֪ˡ
Ǽ֪ƢˣôܽҺأ֪

#ն˫ʮһﳵ#
ûжѲ⡣
̫顣
Ҷ֪ʲôȱ
ǵǸһ
ִ²ʦҡҡͷ
˫ʮһ
Ҷ֪ջ˲Ŀ֡
ջ˺ܶಢȱĶ
Ҷ֪ļ磬һĽ˵ôôҸ
ԼĿۿϢﲻԵӣĺҸ

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121 빲
Ҳͬһȥ𲦿Ҷ֪ϵͷ ޷ڶ¶һžµСһ˲ ˫סĹĵ һԲĹϹһ顱£ һĳ磬 ǰˡ
ôֵֹģҶ֪˵ƵǸζ һҪȶʲôǴǾǣڿʲôԵģζ֣ܲͷŶԷһģ ɫŹֵòǶ˰գ
Ǻö˶һģ˲˹ ͡һЦˣĵı˵ôһ㣬ϡ
Ҷ֪ŬŬ죬 һ壬 ҵϣ˵ԲƤƤ
ҲͦáˣѰ˸Ƥ׹⻬˵
ҲϴЩ׷ԵģЩطɵ˵ǹϡҶ֪۾Ʋߣ ɫǸˡ
ҿϺóԵģ ôҲ˵Ҳ˵ ˵ıˡüۼЦζҶ֪ҪͷһǶס˵죬ֱ˫ˮŷֿЩ
Ҷ֪̾˿òƽЩҪſڣֿ˹һ¿ɾòᣬѲɻ˵ˣδ˫־ץŶԷĶ½󣬴һơ
ռžӸµıǰ·һѹͼҶ֪ﱾȵŵϣ˫ֲ㣬Ǻ޻ȥģִֻһȻһ
ԺҲ㽲ˣһ˫Щӣ˿Ǹһ˪㲻˺׽ҲǼΪͳ˵ģҪȻҲñڵҶ֪˲ûƢЩڶԷĿ˲Ĵ˵СĥԴǣж˵Ҳ̤ʵЩǰ㣬¿ˣ
šҶ֪﷽һһů㣬ƤҲûˣҲڻһ㣬ǶҲ㲻Ҳܲˡ
˵ҲǱ˽˫ֻ˵ɣɲ֪ôģĸоȴ飬Щ֮ССֽȥĻҪ˵Ķࡣ
Ҳ֪׽Ū˶ã˭ҲȥһǶ£ֻһȻߺһβȾ˵һǲ֮ˣŽһ𣬿ԼĻ˴ǰദ֮ʱȴųеǧ˷ġ
Ǹ㣬Ҷ֪̽˵˼֣ԷսЩȴһԼЦĻ㻹𣿡
Ҷ֪Ｘһ˵ͺˣľѣ˵˵ûУҸըӳ԰ա
㲻ҲóԵǰϹЦԻҶ֪ĶҵǰҲڻﾡһָỮ˼ҵļһ˵£˵ħ³һòصħڴܣһһǻȥȴҲҪһƫԶãڳеĵؽ磬صħڲڷ˵ؽ綷ԼǾͲһˡ
šҶ֪СӦš
װûзʵŲһһ߽˵峤ǰȥƷ£˵ºŴȣ˴λҲھٰ죬ʱżϵҽԻḰᣬħȷʵûţҲǵϡ״ӵǣʶʢȫȻͽļϣҲǳ¡
šҶ֪һ̾ϢȻһֻƾŹסԷľάˣҧҧ´ûסһѲ侲ĮǸŬ˼ϡ
һָԺ󣬸żϸﶼȵ˵ĺɵؼԼĻ뷨ԣȻҪð˴գҲҵ
ͣ֡Ҷ֪ץסȴǰûֹס˼ҵĶ
˵أúԣԹԵ˵Ż̬ׯǱֵ̧ŵȴǻļ˵£ƫûԾɵһľӣħǰȻԶҡβ˻ᣬڸŵʧ˷ȣ˭һϢ֮˻ҵԼʾˡ
Щ˵㣬Ҷ֪ＸҧˣȻ˾û׼ͣЩ˵˸ʹɴ࣬ģҪˣͣ£ҾҪ
˳Ҷ֪ͷǺ˵ģģЩŵĵӻŴǰҵڣͽ벻ţҲòÿǰ¶棬Ǽն֣һΪ㻤|ٴϼˣ֮ö֮Ĺڣʱ᲻ṷǽݺݱһ⡣
ֻһֹ˻ͷ̧Ǿþµ֣ͼ̱Ƭ̣һָϵ˿оͶ˵ƿĲ⣬ֻȾǵ֣û˵ϷŪҿɸ˰գϼˣҶ٣㵱ǴϷ̨Ӹȡء
֪ҵһͬɽҲ˸ոʬ𣿡ĿȻ
㡭Ҷ֪ƱһͬסĻ˼ֱȡûûƿ£ţ˫ֳϣ˫ҫĹ⣬Ȱʵ¼ʹȥһ룬ҲǼˣΪʹǶҡţһëģҲЩĽ
氤٣ҲðĿܸ㣬һǿţһǣ֣ΪԽǽӽĶˣԽǲԿ׽٣ҿԸεĸ㣬ζɽ٣ž췣һ٣ңΪˣֻվԶԶȹҰﲻ㡣
Ҷ֪סֻů֣ǰοԷ֪ʲôƣڻþħܵ췣˵ģǰֻ￴ЩҲֻͨ侳ˣ֪ٵ𣬼ʹûħҲҪ٣㲻Զػҵġ
Զػ㣬ҾͲԼˣ˵ĶԣҲǾ֮ϵҲΪԼ˽㣬˵Ҫһȥ£һҪҲҪɾҵķֻǶԼ·˵֮ʱ鼫Ϊݣһ˲ת䣬Ҷ֪ҲҪһԼΪΪҲ֪˭
Ҷ֪һ϶Է۾º᣺㲻Ҫôңҿɲɽ֮ʱӶίͰ͵ģ
ίͰͣʵ䣬Ǳס˫ȻЦ´档
㶮ҵ˼ͺáҶ֪ҲǹԼûͷûԵ˵ЩʲôݣҲһʱ̫鼱Щ
еίͰ͵ġ⼫Ϊص˵ίĻʵ˿Цá
͡Ҷ֪ɫ棬Ҳû˼Ц˼ңͱԷǣǰ˸顣
սЩ֣ǳĳ⣬㷽ĬˣĬҲǳЧ΢֪Ͷһˡ
Ҷ֪ЦһֵǸղŻ˵°ⶼû侲һ𣿡
˵õҪӣҾ֪վһ


122 Ե춨
ѽ Ҷ֪εԼҵճ˾˺þͺڸʱңɻҲ˲Ϣת ı¿ɲ˶еģ 黹ûع ôûʦġ
о仰ɲ˵ĺã ˼ҳɲǰ׳䣬ԵζԵķ࣬ Ĳãƫǽ֮շĲһǱ䱾
Ҳסճ˲ľٶ
˵£˵ºã˵Ҫڹвȥ£ ã ˭Ĺ㰡Ҷ֪һƿ֣Ϊһǡ
ҿԾȥоߣо𣿡ȥק½ǣ ͼһͱܿˣ ģɲŪ˿Цãϡĺܣֻüͷһ ЦЩۣ ɲҵģ ôƢԼӡ
Ҷ֪Ʊ㲦ǵޣһˮȶĴ۾ɲǲŷӦֻԥŻǰ֣ĳˣ¶ģܾζȴĪɰ
Ū̧־Ҫȴһʱ붬ûʶһˣһʱһֻõС¹ѿһ£ǷӦ|ЩҲûűߣһӰӶ֮⡣
ҲǸۼֿģһѾ˫ַסҡҡ׹|ǣҶ֪˿̱˵Ǹмǵռˣⲻϲµģˤʹء
οֻ֣֡
մ·ˡ
ʱ򶼲ɾˣ̵ãЩƸǻĵƫռⲻڻıˣһͦЩƮƮһֻϡ
СȴǲСգ۵Ĺͽ˻ȥ˷ٺõƢҪʲôӣҲյǰץץݺݵգɵҶٻˣƴҪҶ𣿡
֪˵ˣԼãҲǾ׳ȱ˶Ǳ۸ˣһֻס˫ϥһֵᳵ·Ѱ·ȥҲٶһΣޣ壬ʦһء
Ҳϣңʮ¶ˣҶ֪Ȼ;һ⣬ϰ˲ůǡ˻һȴҲûֶԷʲôȷһֻ֣ȻǱ˻ȥ
ӵֱ׳ָҶ֪ˣ˵㣬ǰӶ֮ɫûִ磬ɾˣҲ㡣
ջǰĻҶ֪ﴭ˿׵ıӣ˿ʧҲһֻ˳èè˵ģ˵צӻҶɽ֮գ벻⣬ʲôίͰͣˣúܡ
˵࣬ĺ˵
ңȵȵȣҶ֪һ͸ǡܡˣЩҵȥץ죬ȴһץգסֱۣüģƲգЩ֣Һܼǳģˡ
ء

粻磬Ҷ֪Ȼᣬһھѹ硣
ޣ
Ҷ֪ܿޣ
ǻ֪ʱԼӹŹͷӶûнϽصϹ˵͹һı棬ԶǸ֮ʱΪţԵ벻ˡ
ɵġҶ֪ſϣĹͷ͸һһָⶼƱ
ͷˣ»ҪжȡǺůڵıӣԼҲǸָ㽭ɽ˼Ը̫Ŭ˷ִ磬ӦǰǾ䣬ѧϰ̫ǿ
һ󷨴ʦĵʦѧ˼ǧԼЩ޵˼ֺο࣬ٳЩܱ׳ЩҶ֪̾˿ָָյĵ棬ҾͲ˼߯࣬Ǹʦ𣬻ǵ涳һ
ָķЦסֻԸ֣˵֪ﾡãߵĶˡ
ǣҶ֪תͷĹĵذһۣ֪Ե͸Դͷ㵱лѰŻҵ齣Ǳ飬ʲôţ붼⻵һ˺ıġ
ԩѵҵ𣿡һ޹ɲǳҶ֪˭ܲŷ
ֺηǵģҡҶ֪ԼĵҲԽ׳صֵز֪д飬Լδȷ㺵ʱˣɲ̧̫ˡ
ϸ룬Ҳ˵ƽʱͷ˵ƭҲڣ뵱һ֮ʣ|йԣ¶Ŀɰǰ㿴ˡ
ǻ˵ߺͺ˵ֶʲôúܲġ
֪ϸպٰǸдĵӾˣһỽճڣ;жҶ֪һۣͽһֻ˳ȥ
ѰԭѩǣЩž˵ź뽪ˣⱾͳ֣һƵֵ飬ǵ淭λʦֶȰס
⻹ˣ
ʦз壬Ǿ͸ҷˡ
׼һǰȥģȴǰһ̻Щ̬֮Ҷ֪ǻֻǷžһϻЩȡ
Ҷ֪֮ʱָһ񣬷ǵǿ˰ë޵Ķñãſ̤ѩء
ֻǹɺĺֱ㶵ŵϵһȦɫëһͽ͵ɲѩ
Ҳ޷ѽѩ˫ۿɰˣԼԲЦ˵ƵòԼгһճɸˣҲգϲúܣѩʲôģбﾺ񣬶СȴҲþǻ޳ɣҲû仨ͱ
ԭ֮ͬϧ𣿡ԵޣȻǶͬ뷨Щ棬ͬ嶼ǣ֮УԶˣǸ֮˰ա
ѩɫȻ˿ûΪֻ֪˭ǶԼҪ˾㹻ˣҶ֪ﱾֻ֣ˣѵΪ˲Լ˹
ΪѩҪ¡һ̧ͷͼ֦Ѿϱ𶯵ѩҪҵͷϣȴҶֽ̧֪˶֮¡
ѩ̧ͷǶЩˣȻǹЦݶ棬ŵӱסˣˣֻҪǵ˵ĻҶġ
Ҷ֪Ǽ⺢ӶԼϣҲûôԽܣЩůֻһǣС֣Ǿ޴Դȥ
ǣһֻС֣ҲǸҶ֪ﲻĲͽܴܣǾ̣һʦ𼱼ææظȥãԼҵĵ²ҲǸһԲҪֵģ֪ﲻԼҲƬһ̤ѩе
ѩǣ㵹˵˵ôģʵ
ǾҪǰ˵ˣѩǽռ̸Ҷ֪Լ˵ܵܵ½˸ᵽ˽δԼͷôԼͷģССͯ˳״ģʦֻڲƭȥҵܵأȻҲ֪ôˣʦֺȻͼúʦЦȳִˡ
ܵܣɻ
ˣСһһ棬ǽҿȥˣҵôƽոտʼµģ뻹ð˸²ܼڲõҡ
лҪ˵
лǳЦ͵ӪҺx4ī꺮͵ӪҺx1лλʹ֧֡RQ/


123 
ס ЦҶ֪δ˳һһ˫б˵۾ ɲǺƵġ
ѩ⺢ӵĻ뻰 Ҫ𻡶Ⱦͱѹȥˣ  ˻Ŵȥ ͯ޼ɣЦǺӡ
˳ҲЦһЦңߣͽѧһûΣпգ ʲôĻ붼СҶ֪ѵģַѩǵ˫磬 СһתԼϽĽʦֶ಻㸸Ϊʦ֮㲻һ߳ȥҪҶӵͷأ ҵøú˵˵
ѩ̧ͷ һ˫۾ˮúܣǿɲҶ֪ģĻ龢һĳѧĿ羴 еԵӿʦ
Ҷ֪ɤӣ ỳС
ѩǵ˵ȣ۾գ Լҵô֣أҪ˵ƪ۵ģ⼸֣
Ǳ˵ĵ
ҲᣬҶ̧֪ѩǽҪʳһʣֻص㣬˵˭ĵᣬѩҲˣ˵㡣
ǣǡѩǺȻԲԲĴ۾˿üëƲ۽ţЩԭ͵ģͰֽͣ˲ĵġ
Ҷ֪ﲻ֪ľ˵СһˣãȻһĪ̽Ŵ˵ҪһܵܣСӴŶϲиɡ
ȥĸҸܻܵȥץһֻҶ֪ŻѩǵķĬĬĥһߣȰǺӵûеܵܣ㲻ʦ𣬲Ȼ㸸׵Сֵģ㶼Եܵܡ
ǵģӣҲͲ𣿡ѩǿҶ֪ζӳµˣҪ׶ӣ׶ӿˣ͸Ŭһ£һȥ㱧һֻһ޻
Ҷ֪Ƿˣ͵ֳʳģûҪӵģͨϰգҪݺһѧ˺ҴĺӲǣǡ
Ҷ֪ǺƢض£ڵһѩĴ|һС˵ģִһԵĹľժССĺڹӣСѩһ˫۾
ѩ˷ѩģ˵ʦֿнĶһЩϹŴ˵
еģŮ洡Щ𣿡ѩǺϧѩˣʵ
ǣҶ֪ɫ棬Ů˵Ĵ˵̶Ҫ˼䣬ǳЦ˵ҵٻΪΣϵĵһֻŮ洴һ㣬αؾڷνҸ㸸ָΪ˵ǣҪĲǴӺζǵȥ
ȥѩЩɻظţǴδ⣬ԿǻΣѭܣѡλΪ֮пԴȱƸĿҵϰķ⼸ձҪһܵܣûʲôԸĿġ
Сһüͷһ壬;ô²ãò˵ģӹˣ͸ñȥ˰գֻæһСﶼȥ
ţ仰˵ȷʵСҲѭص÷֮ܶ£˵ʲôܵܰգҶ֪վǣѩǵּǰУСһһΪѣǣ׵ְ֣ϵѩ˲ӡ
ʾԷӹȥ˵ʵСģҶܵܣΪ˿ˣźΪ֮ĵģΪƱֻΪģˣһҲܶ뷨ЩԼĸ򡣡
ӽǽ̻壬Ͳصĵطȥ˰գѩʵС
Ҷ֪ЦЦĵ⺢ӻڵأȴ֪λЩʱǵѩЩأͷ׼ˣָһҲȥλʦֶѸѩˣ֪ѵõĳѩɲֻдһ¿ģǶܺ͸һ֪Լܵܺúദء

ߵסԺ֮ʱʦֵܶǴ򶷲ݣֻҶ֪ϢķҲƿԺŵžԺеˡ
ͷӦǰӭӭȴʦ渲˪ȻЩŭˣҲδԼֻضδܼʱָͣϹĵӵվ˭˵
ӡʦŶˣԥȿ˿ڡ
ȴǺȲãˣʦдա
Ŀȵ֮ˣϵ໹Լһʱʧִأˣ
Ҷ֪⵽Ŀ⣬ҲǶʦƣȴЩ۾öˣȷֻʧ˷ִ𣿡
Сʦ֪ˣӦս֮ʱ֪Ϊδ˸磬񣬲һʱûбܿʦܵĹΪֳߣԼܱ֮ʦܴ˵Żקקӡ
΢΢ֻ̧һ֪˴Ķ˾羪֮һ㣬ͷ̧
Ҷ֪״ɿѩǵ֣ߵһߵİľԱߣһҶϵĻѩһƳˣʵ˭ȶأ
ҡ
ȿЦʧ˷ִġ
Сˡתͷ˺һۡ
ѩСʦѾȥλʦˣҲҴţкãҪ¹𷣣һάСʦģһ˵صð
Ҷ֪һһǶԵ𷣣֪ʦǲǻ𷣣ȴ۲ݣѩ˵ֵ飬һʱɲֿúܡ
Ҳε̾ҡҡͷͷԼĿѩǣ˵˲ãͨ㿴ʲôǿķȴʵ⡣
˵ŻҶ֪һѩݺ˽ͷû༱֮˽Կµģƫƫǰû㣬Ǳ׵ĺȴȳ֡
ֻһϮ֮˷·һʱڵĴһ֦Ϊذͷʹţȴǵ˽ǰһѽסѩһ¿Щģѩ¡
ɻ̧ͷ΢üҶ֪һǰǸ͵ΪСʦΪԳ֣ˡ
Ϊʲô㣿Ҷ֪һḧñϵķë˸ѩҪ򽪳
ûж⣬˸գʦ棬ҲǴ̹ʲôöģɿѩ˵õˡ
ɲˣתͷŽüŪһ󣬺ߺߵ˵Ҷˡ
Ҷֽ֪˾һѩ˹ȥƫе˽ļ磬ֻʦǰηֵˣһۣǱ˵˽¶˶һ¿϶Ҫȥģڡڡ
ڽԥ֮ʱһѩžડϣɼ̵࣬ҿһ㣬Ǻٻ
ӣͽܿҹ̣ܽҶ֪°һĵǽ͵һغΡ
šһϡ
Ҷ֪˴ϻ׿ϣ˵ĵѩɨ˾ʷ׳ʵ˵ǴǵĻôǶ˾ѩ̡
ѩ̣ɻ
Ҷ֪ϸ룬ڳ˿ҲֻԼɼҼ˲֪˵Ͼ̫½ĵһ죬Щ˿ɲǾͰѱѩصǺֽأ˭ȥоѩǶ˼
Ҳƶһˡ
ҽ½ѩ˸ѩˣѩǻҲȥָ͡ʦ߶һѩΪڣ˭˶Էѩ䣬¼Ȼлӿڳ֮˵һʦһԷ׭ͷһ°ա
һ£˼ͬ
ƽ˵лˣ˵һˣչƶԸȥ˸ء
Ҷ֪ͷЦЦŵΪһЩˣԣǱҵѩҵͿɻڶͷϽԷ׭ʮա
ҲãԼôҲǱôߣͷɲҪҪŲ
Ȱ»һأ׼ˣҶ̧֪־ͽѩεǽ˼һأһѩȥҶ֪ǿƫ˷Ҷ֪϶ͣŰѩ򣬼ȴѾǲٶˣǶǿⲻܿѩüԸˣ˵ɢɢ⣬𣿡
ǻﻥĶл䣬ŽǶݺݵģ֪˼ˣ޷ǾԼƤһǸҫֵһƫǶ˷ȴֱִ˷ϡ
ȻģҲ֪ξʹ˹ʶȻ˫˫ѩҶ֪ߵİԣգ۵ĹѸޱȣһ԰ѩǵİ˿֮ɫ
ֻҶ֪ɵرܿɢѩһһƬããĿյϣѧֵܶڵŸѩҪȴ׵Ǵһʣ䲻ľƵһľֽţЩҪѩϣҲ⶷ɣЩΡ
ɲɣǶ˸֣ûע⵽״붼ѩ˹Ҷ֪ɲĵװ䣬ֻ|ɫˣҪ
ΪƶߣԸһҲϲһ˹ȥ÷񵲣󷽷ؾǴͷ̬ǰȴǺȻһǿɲǶñסġ
Ҷ̧֪ͷͼһϮӭƮڣĳʤѩףϽɫҫɲʤգŲۡ
һһѩ˫Ŀŵ۾ǼΪĮģǶֵĶˣѩ˵һһСס˺ȴıһ˿ɲС
ѩǵĿһǼ֮أԼױ˾µģǴĵ׵Щ⣬򽪳ǵЩɽۻļ
綨ˣΪʦ֪һҲøЩôͣͣƬ̣Ķᵽɤۣȴǲصѩ䵽ΪʦһΣǵ𷣾Ϳһա
˵Ҫܷˣصʶһ𷢳ɻ˭ܶҡʦľҪ˵ЩӲðʦĳ滰ٿȻۣʦķʦСģ
ţһɻһ;󱳱ʲôһ£᲻أȻҲۣϻ˶͵ϮҲΨһҶ֪ˡ
ļ˲ͻصҶ֪ȴ֪ݵʱҶ֪˵̫ͽܵСҪ´μʱ⼸״һء
ν׳
Ӧ˵Ҷ֪˵
ȳָǼһˣҶ֪վϵĲѩӹǼǿãɲ͸˭˭ȥţʦǶѩǹ۲ѩϮǼ鹥˭ٲԴɲǴʧʦĻᣬҲǶʦ𲻾

з壬
յѩ֣˻ϲǣǵȴֻһˣǸѵõƼЦյˡ
Ҷ֪յĳɹƣЩƼʦڣžˡ
ɲָһ־Լҵµİͽķٲʦǰ£˵ףΪܸЩηĵģʦˣǰݵʱ򣬲Ҳǳϻ̳Ͽֵġ
ϻ̳Ͽ֣
Ҷ֪ʣȻЦˡ
ȥģʰƾǵȳź˵ֻߵǰץס֣ɫΪ䵭۵׵Ĺ˵ġ
֪ɲֻΪ˽̵ѩǰգһק۵£ַŻ˹ƽ˲۵ۣðĶҪߣҪҷֲַǲˡ
ֲСˣô᲻ңҪ˯ҡ𣿡Ҷ֪Цš
һǵ䣬ҵ¶ȶ˼֣Ҷ֪ǹԼֻ֣Ϊѩǣ˵ˣ˻û̸ףѵνй££ɲ¹ˡ
ѲɽٵʾֻǶԷ˵ô򵥣ԼϤ֪ôֶԾ֮׽еͶ
ԽԽѵԼľĲȷöԷԼٶЩǣΡ
һ𣿡˵棬һ˫ȴǰѸƽָץˡ
ں˵Ҷ֪￴ıӰЩסˣΪҽնͦ˵ģѩȻû棬ۼѷʤѩƵһΣҲ䲻ʦѩ򣬿Ŀⰲ£Ҳ˷˼Ρ
ƼЦˣȻǳǶݣ˶ûע⵽ѲԼ̫ˣڶԷĻ᲻ǲˣŰ⣬ûб
ҲǸ˼Ҳûʲôð㲻˵ѩܿûйֻͯ꣬ʲôãܲǸ˼ֻϣܸ׽ЩҶ֪ţȥǣ̧֮ʱȴԷһͷѩ׻ΪںڣĵҲһЩ
ȻԼԹĻݵܱȻҲܱգֻЩ֣֣ɲԼȶ֮ʱĴ
Ҷ֪ЦЦЩ˼ûϴ˿̾ȣֻʵɲԼ߰ģζôյǱȥˣ֣
뿪ҡٿתӵݵ֪ľ֮ʣǵò
òѿӡҶ֪ԺĪ˵ǾҴһۣ˵Ӻÿÿôһ˲ǰﹴճĻ档
һˣľĲͶеı¶ͬǻӰһò
ȥķ׳ŵ˵仰ģӴžҲͽǸĺǷһӣûҪʡ졣
ǶǶˣҶ֪ֻ¸ķݡ
Ҷ֪رס̧ץŶԷϵ˭˵Ҫ뿪ˣɲҪҳҡҪҸůˡ


124 
ҿ棿˵࣬ ˵Ҷ֪ĵЦûĶҲǲܵġ
Ҷ֪Щͷ ǲӿ˼һ ̧ѧ߰Էķ ɲںһС ǿ̫ˣҲţ ˼Ҳá
ǳ˵û𣿡ַŵף˫Ͷйػ֮ʱɫϲ䣬ȴ̽˵˾亢Ļ ҹ壬 ҲǣߣҸůҲС
Ҷ֪ؾЦ˿Щ ߵǹǰʰԼ Ǽץ˵İ£סһ˲΢Цպˣת ҵǲ׹
ţҲջع
Ҷ֪˫ס קק˽ջ˼Ķ࣬ Եİʾûϣֻá鲻ԸЩţڶԷЩͻȻ˹ȥ
ĽӴãҶ֪ȻǲԷķӦģסʲô˼ƽôһˣôһ»͵ǷһһͶ㣬һͽ
Ҷ֪˫ȦסĲվȵȻ϶ԷĴˣֻͷòյԶݣ֪ӦˣԹɲ龰Ǳ𣬸ЩȾ½ڰ֮ɫ
ҡһʱҭ
Ҳ󷽷㣬Ҷ֪۽üȾЩ֮ɫ°Ͱģ˼ң˫ɺ˿֮֮̽һһ񣬡Ǿ⸰Ҫ𣬿ɲԺΪҲǰʲôй£ˣһ㰴ڱĵ棬ܣȡ¸棬˼伸ΣҪҲãҲգҾҪҵİԿĹͷϣ͸Ĺʹһûң㳾ǻɹǣʵÿһѪÿһʱʱǵǲ߲ݵĻ䡣
ΪҶ֪Ҫ˵ʲôƣģʲôֻأһ˵ȴǿɳܵЩ˷ˣô˶ô˵־׵Ļ
𡣡Ҷ֪ԤԼһۣôԷҲһ͸ͷǲôϲڽţԵԼͲôߴʲôģԷķӦôǡ
Ѫˡ
̧մһֵѪ쵽Ҷ֪Ҫ֣һֽ˻һָϽȡӲѪϻûаΣüΪ˵Բ˵ôһӾлˡ
ʲô棿Ҷ֪üͷĻ氡
֪ӦãƣҪҳԸĨ˦ƵģץסְԼĿڣüͷһЩڴ֮ɫôҪ˲ԿһΣ˵ûûҹҾڰ׹ˡ
һΣ
û
µɲǾ˴η裬˴ɵ£˷µʲôϣҪǹ˳
أҶ֪ڶԷĿ£һЩʧģ
Ϊ㲻ϲˡ̹ϣЦº͡
ѣ˵ұֵرãΣҶ֪˿תűȥģƾܣڹˣˣ뿪ǱѪɲʲô鲻ܲڵҵ㣬㣬侲侲ҪʦҪġ
Ҫһӵ鶯Ȼ˲١
Ҷ֪ƿţһַſϣָô򣬺罫΢ȵջָ͵İף˿Ʈݣ紵续Ǻѧ˸߰˳ɣʦڶ̶£Ӵһʦ̵һƲĶʦʣµʱ⣬ӵΪʦһڵһҲ
԰գ⽫ʾ÷ֵͷҲصľˣǰһ̲ǿǰסˣʹǺķ紵ţҲǼһֻȻԼ֪ϧ񣬺Լ˵ļصˣôһ㲻ƺġ
Ҫ߲ݡ
Ҫܡ
Լұ츳ɲ⣬ˡ

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Ҷ֪ڳԼĵ¯˼Ų֪ԼƻͨͨҲŲֿ͸ѰЩ˶רע²źãһƳһ޶ĵҩҪǰ¾Ͳˣܽ||ɱ|ˣһħҵ
轣ܰڸʽдʦܼѵҲƣЩȻҲûµˮ׼Ҳʹﵽ׵ʦ֪͸øŬЩˡ
һ룬벻ģΪʦΪ󷨱֮ͬֻԼӽϣƳҪ鵤ѡ
Ҷ֪תǹȻǰ׷ѩһ˪ˣǲŷֿ˲ãƫת磬һĵĮ룬Ŀ䣬ɲ㲻׽ˣ˼ȥ˵Цˡ
һӣͽԼĵ¯ںãһָҶ֪ǰ˵֪Ը̽Ϊʦһã
áҶ֪ӦһӶ̨ȡϡ
ͼԷһָ֮ϣ˫۾˼̾תҲƬ̣֮ʱȻɫ̻Ҷ֪˵Ŵϲμӵƴ
ǰոƵҩޱƴĿ׽ϣӦ¡Ҷ֪ﲻ֪ôһСᣬ˾оʲôֻ꾡ذԼļƻ
Ƭ̺ף޶پ֮ɫֻΪԾԾԵģʵִҪ£ΪʦԶҡҪ˺㣬㲻ֹΪʦ֡
㷽ҵĥʲôˣ˵Ҷ֪Լļƻ֧֣лϲϰԵľȥǣ֣ȴû룬һֱ֣ĪûصԼˣԼ
ʦԳƵӣǱ֣ҪѧϰҪר־һʦϳԵҶ֪Ҫ˼׽ûˡ
Ҷ֪֮ﵽߣȴǰֶû³ֻ̹߻صԼĵ¯ǰɲɵǰô˵С޽˵Ļ滹Ŀأٸǵ֮߳£ѧʦҶ֪ﱾʦصĺõӡ
ʦָˮ׼ҲֻǿƵؽƷɵһö
ͷ֣øΪʦ
ûˣҶ֪ԷһֱϷŪ˵ɫɲܣΪͽ߱͸ʵʵ˵Ҫı֣Ͳ˵ˣЩʱţһֻӸˣʦΪǲʵɶ񣿡
˵𣿡ʵ
Ҷ֪򴽣ʻ治أǿɶѵԼɶ񲻳ɣ
ˣҲΪʦ㱸Ĳȫѵؽ׵ҩˡ
Ҷ֪⻰ɲǿ̵ŭⶼˣĹĵصŶԷ˵ҩǵģƲҲͰˣô㣬ʦҲƲ𣿡
ƵĵҩΪʦ£Ǹƽ׷ƷΪʦҲԼҪãΪʦΪƷųƵϺʺãȴǰ㲻ΪΨЩˣҶ֪ǰɲǸӣԼһ仰ģɲԼߵġģԼžЩ⣬Ϊʦ࣬ΪʦѹĻأ١
ԣôˣ㻹ٴһأҶ֪﷽Ż˵ܺ˰ۣһʱ鼱޿
Ϊʦ̲ס֪ĺôǰ֮ѧⵤҩƳΪʦһĵƿò֮áһֱߵǰһָϣ߶ͼָǹ⣬̿Ʒ򣬵Ҷ֪ȴһϼѵԽϵ¯ͼ
ʾһ飬ȴ󷨴ʦû¶ϵĻģЩģ⣬ջҶ֪ʵӦð֪û𣿡
ţ̫ˣҪաҶ֪ش֮ʱ۾ûգһ¡
ǰЩ׳ʲô߲ݣɲԼڸԼڿףһ۾ͿôãҲõʵҲվգһ¾ܳɵʣµĹ⾰ɲҪˡ
Ҷ֪ʯŵķӱʦڵоɵķģ񣬷ѾˣȥҲһģʦҲҪţҲѰ˱μӴǡ
ΪʦѾ֪ͨȥˣ֪ҪΪʦ£ͷ£Ȼˣڱһ£𱾻ǶϽģƼҶ֪ԽŵɫʱûпסЩЦ⣬֪ˣԼ紫Թȥˣľ֮ʱӦҲὨ֮ٸա
Ҷ֪ɫȻίˣͷһײĿڣּۻ۵϶ͷ̿ôˣ㶼ˣҿºڣұ۵úܣղѩˣ𣿡
ԭʱһΪΪҳأпЦãЦԼΪҶ֪й£ҲЦҶ֪ΪԼ֮µĿգʵѧˣܻҪЩ֣㵣ĵЩᳬµġ
£Ҷ֪ﴹ˫ۣɵһ˿ϾĿܡ
ļ磬Ȱ׵ҩ;һ©ҪģҲʣ¸ա
գҶ֪̾˿˭뵽һȨֻ׵ĵʦԼĬĬףʦ𾹻ò£ܳɾͰ˽ס
ҿɴûԼǸ˲ţ⣬£Ҷ֪ȫǵ˭ҪѶԷڵ桰ҹϸ衱ˣΪԼĹͷֲȥΪʲôԿƴģܣİա
գǣû뵽Ҷ֪ôԴ£ԼһʼʮҲЦţ͵ԼұƢôԽԽƵģһʱûסǱ˳˼СЦֲͣģôôɰ
㵱ȻģֻҪ룬ʲôģʲôЦģ˵ҿɰءҶ֪ȻǱôһЦŷӦԼǺ˼ЩʲôȻ߳ܵĻ棬Լԭǰû˼ѷɫй֮޲
ʲôʮգյģôֻŶԷʲôƵסȴΪʵ⡣
ԭ֪ܵİãã˵أ԰ɡЦ⣬԰ɡȴǵüᣬҶ֪пɲһ顣
ͷ˵ˡҶ֪˵ġ
ôƿңŽԼˣ⻰֪ˡ
Ҷ֪ɫ糺죬͵ٶ嵽һȥˣֽץŶԷ˵ЩĻЩĻ룬ϴˣˡ
˵һᣬҲ˵ɿ㲻֡Ҷ֪ɲöԷƼԼ˸ʲô˵ã˵˵ˣóȥˮнԼһͷ˿εĵģԼˮͬͬ˼ҸɣԼ˵㲻ǡ
Цÿ׷Ź˵仰Լ֪˿˵ΪǿӲȴ飬Ҫĥʱ
šһϴβɲǿɰˣҶ֪磬ŹҰգɲԺֲ׵°գӰģħġ
˵ʳƵĽ§ˣǲĿռˣȴһ㣬ϴǵֻңĶװˣĻбĶλá
ħǱħҶ֪
ʲôħУһһһһ˫

֮ڣ֮˻㲻öãҲһζݵıչزҲֻһ׵ҩơ
ıչأҶ֪֮ʱǰûȣʯţ毺õƻЩججξѰľ⡣
Ƶ֣ڴߴ˸Ƿ˲ͱ˴Ȧ˸ʵһ±ͻȻϽý֣Ҳεһ˲һ󷽲סΡ
ۡ
Ҷ֪̾˻Դһͱ˳ϥ䱧Ҳ۾͵Ҹĵطɣٲһߣʲôⶼˡ
ǻ˯Ҳ֪˶ãֻ֪ԼûԸص͵ϣ£뿿ڶԷ͸ڣ߲ϣůĲôȡ
΢棬ʪϢ˲ôУЩ˯ʷΧ
Ҷ֪ﱹЩ۾˯ǰͶµӰĿⲻרעشҶ׷չ⣬þˣǱ̵˫ۺᣬ
̧ǰе˵Ҫģɲġ
Һʱ˵ģôԼˣҶ֪ƿԷ֣ϸԼ˵һͷһƬհףȥա
𣿡
ͦãһ˯û찵أ㡣Ҷ֪ڴִ˸Ƿĵǣ˵Ǻߣ㣬Ҷ涣ɱͷ̹ˡ
һָ۾ϣǲˣܺþ˯ɣǵɽˣҲⴵҹ磬İա
Ҷ֪ƫͷŶԷʵ㵱Ƶǿŵҩ
ҶԴӲɲṫ˽ֵģֻƣִ̫ھƾԼÿһƵĶȫһ£Ҫ˵һۿҲ޻̸֮ˡ˺üˣʱ䲻ֻҶ֪ﻹϺü¯
ʵ뽣ҪͬһǻᣬܳɹһξˣҶ֪ҪһĵƣⵤԸס
㡭ͷȰ˵䣬ͼȻ˯ˣֻůЦЦҲѧܵĺӣ͸ץգ̫ţֵø˴ô⡣


125 
̫½ν˲ű ¸ǲͱ˼İٽɽǧ֮أ ɾǴ˵سǧѷ
Ī˵ǲƹȺķ˺л Ǹ˭ҲһĪ̸¡
ϼգ ɲν 콵𣬿ƫƫⷽط𻯷ɼ 鼰̫صĳȴ췣֣
һʱæŴǱͻ֮¾ôֲ鲼µɢǷ֪øһǣΨǴ˰ٽɽɼ Լڵһ
Էӣûעʵ ɲ˵˭ֳôĶ˶һз峤ϵӣٵɣ ɲЩе˺ء
Ҷ֪ǰתǧص룬 ĺĺ͵ƻʲô©Ϊ˻ǧɱǰŵĽ˹ϵʲô֮֮£ Խش£ Խǹһ㣬һźá
ʵӦٵ˭ ڼƻްҲν|ǰֻҶˣĺֶΣħģӿɲ֤йɵ֮˻Զʤħ;ġ
Ҷ֪ĳΪ٣ͷǻЩģө𣬴£ˮָ죬ᡣ
ⲻ֪ʲôСĵʹ󿴹ΣǾǵľƲȴҶ֪ûƿԷƳʲôˣ㽵ɫòɵ
ҵСɰգָлЩͬĿһͶɫĴϣ²ԸеĺúõСҲǲԸٲΰɢŻѿʼٻĳħ֮ˡ
Щɢ޼µĳĦˣȻ֪֮ɢȥħߣҶ֪ûע⵽ԷĿ⣬Ʋ𴦣˵ż֮˼۵㵤ʹʧͽ˼۵㵤ӵʾٻףô͡
㲻ҵ𣿡
ҲŲֻǣˣһˣôȫûƵġҶ֪һ뵽ԼС˼еգôҲǸ֮ôһǰ͸Ƶģʲô˵˵ˣôڴԷǻһ
˰ΣˣСƢûǱҲûӦɲҶ֪ҪĽҲţͷɫѿŶԷ˵㶼ҲˣҲ֪ΪʲôˣҪã뿴ˣȥ
֪ɫǱ˻ࡣ
Ҷ֪ԷҸԼɫȻЩ˼ˣ嶼ϡ
ϲʱұϲʱ֪֪ģǲҹ𣡡Ҷ֪˵ŻͰѶԷѹסԼ°ڶ˳
סһ˲ףԼ𣿡
㻹Ҷ֪û
˳ǿߣ޿ɺǣǹĵǿߵһԼ׷һǷһץסҶ֪֣ţĿνͱˣֱӣЩ˻ͨͨںأֻпĽĿ⣬ֻ᲻Ϊˡ
ҡ
Ҳһ
Ҷ֪⻰ȻԷûôģҪҲ̴ϵҵֻһ㣬ںô𣿡
ҡ
ЩؽȻԼʵãȻ޴˱뻳˫۵ѾΪ˽ڱסԼʱŵ⻳Ҷ֪ﲻôʣЩۣȴů
Щǲ鶯ȴԶʤ鶯һǿڿԼĿ־ʹҶ֪˵ţˡ
ҲǺúõĻص𣿡Ҷ̧֪ŶԷıȰο
ЩСƢɲΪԷûбֳԼеĽţĿԷʹˣԼһΰο˵Ļᣬûôˡ
бǿģҲΪˣӲСȥǻԷ˼ʹǶɽ֮ǰ棬ԻôһŶԷôĴ¶ܶԻȥ
ʵȴš
ƫƫ˺˼ҼȫԻЦڵˡ
𣬶Բ𣬡Ҷ֪Щ飬ľԼߵЩˣΪǲĵģ뵽ЩͲٿ٣Ҿ͸øʮİգʵ̫ϲˣԺˡ
Уɿסļü˵漫ˣҶӦˣȻˣֻҪȥӦʲôˡ
ô٣㵱ָһ˳ˡҶ֪
Ҫ˵Ц䣬ͷִж̾˿ָЩĴ侲˵Ӧȡҩˣ㻹׼͹ȥ𣿡
ȻۼΪʵܵü˲ħһѻ𣬡Ҷ֪˵ŻȴǱִ˻ȥЩ⣬˵ĻҲţɫѯʵأɲأһ˵
׽٣ǺͿˣһƣſɲǾǴħһձŴᣬɲĿվڷ˼ĴգһȰһ߻һֻȥתͷҶ֪ʱ֮ɫջֻǿ˵˵ˡ
ʲô飿Ҷ֪Цס˶Է۾Ժǰۿһ㶼УܵܣҲǲ֮
Ϊ㱻׵ֵĸо̫ѰܿһҲô絶ʡ
Ҷ֪ľԷգ֮ʱɨģ΢΢һûŲֻ֣רעؿԼס˫۵ˣƲ񣬺ܸʵҴֻܽڴ˷أԸΪҷ𣿡
˻⣿룬ȻЦ̹ػصͬڡ
ҵһڻþпʱʱһĳӰ죬ȻüҲΪ㿪ˡҶ֪ﻹ࣬ȴǱ֣ͻȻס˴Щ¹췣Ļѹ˻ȥ
Щ˵գḧûƬ̣˵һǴ˽ĵһˣǴ˽˵Ǹõ粢ܿһƬգأǲܷϵڵ㵽ϣǵԷһƶ֮ϣｭɽǧ㹻ˡ
㵹ʲô˵áҶ֪Ĳ˲䡣
ûϿ˵ĶԣҲҪ췣಻ʣ͵һں˾ˣӽ룬ůϢƵߣʳָĴ˵ҳζǲһˣǱأ
һң仨Ҷ֪Ŷ߱ƫƫͷ
Լ֪ٳ
ôɣҲҶ֪ε
еסǼűǼ⣬ЩգˣȥɽԴһá

ա
Ҷ֪ҡضһǰƷ壬֮ϸ͵οյľϻʢ鵤
׵ҩ嫣Ī˵˿Ƿοյĺ㲻ڸǣǷУ
зʦۼĵطʲôͬɵߵ֮ʱ͵ĿֻĿۼ֮Ȼˣ׽鵤ҩˡ
Ⱳֵ׻ЩԼŵĵܻЩη֮ģֻԶۣҿ
ȴһɫѣ˫ٵŮǰ嶣һ˫¶ɰһ硣
Ҷ֪ﵹϱŵĵӣû뵽ôģɫ΢䣬վ˽ŲҲЩŮҪ˻ʲô
磬ɻǵңŮ̧ǰȻţ⶯ʧ񣬵ȴȫƵһ±Ȼȵĸ߶ȣ˵ֳǣѱҵֻôߡ
㡭Ҷ֪ȻԼֳһƷʯֻѱѩǳԵˣʱȷʵһŮҲǾʶɫͻЩƳһŮƣ˵ҲԵģڵˡ
Ҫл񣬵ǷµմõϵĵطһҪһᱨѽ˫ֱЦݻÿɰ
Ҷ֪ĿԽԶ࣬˵õˣóģȫͽһ
ţͷɫƶ棬ٿȻһԾֻ̧ζʱ䣬̳ϮҶ֪ٶȲ죬ŵУν𺳾ˡ
Ҷ֪һֶ̣ɵرܿûзΪ֮꣬ǫõúܡ
񱾾Ѱģ֮ͨȴһǰԵȻãھûἰԼôһˣֻƾķʵǲ֮ˣ׳ŵӽӽʦġ
˵ⱨķʽЩµ׻Ƕ˵㡣
ֻ̳ϮҶ֪磬һֵ̣ľϻͬ˳ȥ
Ҷ֪Ҳû֮һץ˹ȥȴץ˸գľϻһϮֵ
˼òǰûдǰ磬ǴЦģϰߵαߣľϻЩָľмꡱ졣
Ҷ֪ﵹŶԷǰǰԼŵʵеĽɫЦ´ؿЩһסľϻس飬ǻ鶯ǰ㲻á
Ұ㣬ȥٽɽһңֶαҵģҶĴָ̧ĺ󱳣ڣصĺ
㰮ңҲ㣬ûȥǸطֻҪҵһ̳໨һʱ䣬һҵҶ֪˿棬廹˿ЦݸģǸľϻ˵׵ضǰɱҲã֪Ұ֮˵ĸˣ㲻̵ãħӦҲ̵ðգ
Ҷ֪ҶĺȻǳһܿ;񣬲Ƭֻ̾˽֮ȻǹҶٷ֮ʱķŭ
ﴫҶ֪ĶУȴɫҶĵļȰô˿أʦҪɴ֮ˣĪҪСʧΪŵСʦд֮£ʧ氡
Ϊһɱ𣿡ҶĴȥɫһ䣬ͫ׵Ͼ͸˰
λ᲻ãɲǡɱһأҲɱһ𣬡Ҷ֪˿ߵһʰһľϻĳŻص϶˵Ҷǰһ仰Ǵ˵ģʦдɵӽⵤҩȥƷ壬ⵤҩúܣʦּˣذա
ΪУҶƳһľϻȴûӡ
ʦ˼ǣ½Եм˷ӡĵҩ׿ѡҶ֪˵ŻͰ͵ԷǰһɣƢСħɲǰòӣĿⲻǸľһƳҶĻƣʦػÿװա
Ҷɫݣ䴫صֶʲôֽţħĻ˶
Ʒı̻꣬᲻ͷ𣿡Ҷ֪һˣЦᣬħ֮˵ǽλͷŲȾħֺ֣ɢ֮˵أҩ裬ʾǰ֮ʱȱ·ûἤħڽڴˣҲҩǳǷǰա
㵹ȫȫΪȫҶĲ޵
С˵òʦףɵðħȥҡ˵⻰Ҷ֪ͷҲصȥ

ŴͷһգԵǽҶΪ̳ٴԪΪһԪӤµ㵽ΪֹĽ䶷ȴǰ㲻ѵģҲΪħһʱỹðŵķԸ£Ҷĵǻõġ
ǴδϯκһŴᣬΪϣԼҾٰĴû¶棬ȴҲû˸ɣЩż֤ɼ˵ܵüΪĳƵĵҩĪˡ
ҶΪѡҶ֪ʶΪӵһУǰ֮ʱʢŵöҩ˴αеڶڣûܵõͬˣ򿪺ӷʢŵöҩ󣬸ϲʤ¾˺зһö
ֻ˲Ϣۿɼ䣬ɲ׵ҩΪΪɶƿ
һʱ䣬˳ۣԵǵӷޱߣǰֻһö鵤ɲһöɵҪ˰շˡ
ʦͽˣȴԶǷأòڣ
žһģҶҲЩºЦ⣬˵Ϊħ֣
ٶ˼ħǶĻɱ¾޷㣬|ѹѽ⣬̰Թ޻ᱻŴʲô̶أҶ֪ｫһˮҶϣһƱԵǷɢˮͰ㲻մ䵽ҶģˣҪſĳı֮׻ӻеҩ֮ˣǻΪڹ⳰Ūա
㵹˽ħ˵
Ҷ֪Цһӽָ̧϶ԷĿ߲|࣬ҷ˽ǹһħɣħҲʳɲǿô˵ġ
ա̾˿
㵱η뺮պηһء


126 ˮ
Ŵڶյıǵ һײβĵӳϣȴЯԼ״ӳϯ̲ŵպա
˭˲֪ ˵ǵһʦ µĵȴδйҩһĴų ˵ֱ۵һ㣬 һŵӿûһﵽ˰˽ס
˵Ӣܱ м絤һţͶǺˣҲ̫ǿһ˵츳ˡ
ֻټĳϣһ˴ǲзһֱӣ ƫҹгЩӡ
ʵһһ˱ҲǶ£һֱС Ҳڲ룬Ȼ˽֪ڱǱΪҪĥһĵӽղϯ˱ԣĵҪ ֻǿһҲǿţ ԼС̨һԡ
ͽҶıֲףҲžʣһõ״ķɣɲҲһ£ ڳӦĸɴ࣬ ǱԳϵҲû̫˵ˣ ˭֪Ҷ֪﹫ĳɼҲһ׵ʦӮ˵Ǵ˵ӵĵء
䶷ɲһֳʤ£ʹôǿĵʦҲúʱܳɵģת۾ͽʱˣҲڸ߽׵ʦӡ裬Ŀġ
յĹ̶Ŀڳһͬѡĵؽ굤˵ҩǱȲտõ鵤ҩҩЧȴ֮ͬԭҲúܡ
Ҷ֪ϳ֮ǰӵڵķԸǾɣسһ
ʵǺҶ֪ﲻ̵ˮ׼ؽƷɳһһöҩԡ
죬½½ɵȴҶ֪ﲻҪҿ¯һ˺Ȼһۣǿ¯˫ֶֻͣһãҪը¯ˡڵĸ߽׵ӳִһ磬ԼҵӾ˵¯ԡ
Ǳߵ˿겻ѣŭ֮ԶʤԼΪ磬Ǿ֮˶Щʧ˷˰㣬һʱ䳡ңڽ˳ֽסȵǻ˵ħ
Ҷ֪¯͵ҩǷġ
Զ˴Сţˣˣڵĵ˻ˡ
ѭȥǿ̨һὣ裬û·ϸϸһƣ۱֮˿ɲսޱԵĵڶ浱Ҫһ컯Ūˣ⸣С
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ڳ̱סˣк֮ˣ˵һԵ£ջǺúõģֻҹ˺ˡ
ڲڵĵؽ磬ΪħǱ룬Ƕ鷽̤ɽŵģ⣬Īǵ֮ħ֮ˡһԴǼߵ
˶Ŀ¾ħա
ЩһһĻ̻̣֪ôǣҹڵĵʦαĿ÷鵤ġ
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һ侲Գ֣أƵĵӣԼҪ˼Щģֻ÷ųѹʹЩ֮˰Ϊϵ˵Ѩ磬ڿ𣬶ɺ֮ǣڳϡ
ѵӵΪͬŵţȴǺܿ챻ԼҵӴһƷƵľֱӼŵ˵ţڵס˴ˣȻͱ˼ܣЩµĵӽǿھһ£ЩҹӴ鵤ӵѽЩܿסˡ
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ȴǱŵķһƳƽеҩֻܲһг⣬ͽҲ˺
ģµҩʵ
һտ͵Ҷ̴ɽȡʢŵҩľϻ˫ַϣ˵׵ҩأһڴʦ𣬵
ŲӣȴҶĽľϻ򿪸ڰϣֿӣʵҩǳƵģ
ǡֻһۣΪӶջĿ⡣
ⵤƷǡڵĳۼΪϴֻǶϹˣһԼŵĵ˶ƫǲ֮ްǲޣҪ˵ͱڵĳˡ
Ҳⵤҩ죬ڵĳϱǰ˽׵ʦȻܲϸ΢Ĳ𣬡ӳᱲʦ̳ǱⵤҩϼֵƷҲʣ
Ϊħ֣ڳʵ
ⵤҩ׻λڵ֮֪Ͽֽܷһ
ҶĻڵӷ֮ûлع񣬾ӦڳϵĻСĽ
˵Ŀ˲䶼ۼǿűֽĵҩû⣬˾ٿ汩ˡ
ȴλϽҩΪҺһһڴƿУһϤĺɫ̾һƬȼͽħ˸ɾһʱ˵Ŀֿ̩ɽĵӡ
ڵĳȴⵤҩȷʵǵӳȴƣʹǱҲִ᷸ͨݡˮӣ֮ʱƲЩϵȻ˭֪ܲӳϵǱлݺǱĹ۲쳤ϵĵڱԳֲͬģҪˡ
֪л˵һʼվԶˡ
µʵԩҶ֪ＸǰݵԼʦǰһ׵ʦɰö׵ҩ
ɫ࣬ȴЩУСʦܿҩ֣֮Σɲϵõġ
տľϻҲǷӡδ𣿡Ҷ֪Ŀ˸ȴǼᶨ
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̧ܣƼˣ
ֻλ˵ֹǣǷӡȷʵûġһŵ˵
λʦ˵ɲѰ𣿡
ӻΪзʦڸһλʾѡĸء
Χ۵˶࣬˼˽˵ʲôҲԴȵģֻһǲò⣬Ǿǿ˵˸ã򲻿ɽҶ˵ɣսⵤҩ޿׵Ļء
Ҷ֪ٿȻߵҶĸǰ˶һۣνʹ¾һ㣬˵밢޹أǶҪѰһ˵𣬾ɵһ˳еա
ҶĿɿڴǰ֮ˣ˾⻹ǵһۼԷվԼߣƻԼһһսߣΪƫƫ
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Ҷ֪ϵԣǺιϵôƳľϻӡ˶£ٷӡȥء
˭˵ܣһŮһʣ˭ؾʦϴħ٣˽֪ǵ֤ףΪǱħڲѪħ֮һ𡣡


127 
һΪʲô
Ҫͬھ𣿡
㵱Ϊܽң ˣҶ֪׼һ𣿡
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յ һʯض죬 Ҷ֪ȴ߶Ҷֲ֮ʱ ֪ӰħͷܿƿܻҪıŭ ֮ͦô˶ǽڻҪԶԷǸģ
˭룬 ħԹˣô࣬Ա͵Ⱥ£ûһ̰
Ҷĵۣһȭڶ˼ǽϣ ŭ֪ʲôط𣿡
֪Ҷ֪ҲòŸ˶ԷһλӦ һ֪ǴӴƲˡ
Ϊ˻һǣҴԸͷ棬أȥ£ Ϊһǣ վΪ˵仰ԸûУҲ֪ЦҶЦһ˵ĳ
һ֪㱻׻ķѣͬķʽļ̳أ ֮ѪҶ֪˫һ ͽϵĽɿһߣ Ϣ㻹˵ǿЦˡ
һ󳤾õļžȻֻѵһص죬Ҷ֪ӱĿϢͼһϮºȻǰĸȲ֮ˣһ˫ͫһħΣǱŭѣٿȻͽҶ֪Ĳ
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ҶɫΪм˼䣬һ鷲ʲô
Ҫ׼˷޸ħ壬˵˼䣬ĸ˼䣿Ҷ֪ȫħ㲻ǺΪҪȥҾҪȥѰһ˼䰡
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㡭Ҷľѵõı˸˵ԥˣµĻȴΪ˿ŵˡ
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ҶģĽأһʻǱ˸̸סȫעħͷԼġ
ȴҶ֪ȷ˻˵Ϊʦ㵱ħ͸ҪϽħķ˾һһǴ´⣬ģô˵ĵǽԼ˽ƵģѲɻǱĳ𣿡
㱻ûˣնü΢̾͸洫˻֮˵ػһӳµĽƽ磬Ҳܲѵģ̾˿˵䲻֪ʹʲôֶΣҷҲͰˣ¸ʱѲӵ֮ˣ˾ٿǸϴˡ
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ʵ֪ǵҩ֮˵ѱ棬Ϊ֮ʣҪ£Щ꣬ҲˡոпɲΪѪħ֮ģ˭֪ЩܻһҶء
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˺ĸʱҶ֪ԸˣֱһξϢתϣħִħˣ
ʦ㻹̫棬ٶϼղҶ֪
ǷǲǹΪ˷ɢע⣬˸һؼҶıǽţһ֧ڹϥϣ㵱ܻٵ

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һǽ֮ңȴҶ֪ޱһִǽڣ˵Ȱ㲻Ҫǽ̫˵˵һ㡣

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˵ǿɽ΢˿ģҲֻֻĵǸ̫֮ˣԼͽܷǰûԥ
λҶ֮λѡҲܷˣ˿棬ҪȰԴΪص˶Щմǰ˽Ż̫Ƭ档
ɴ˿ޱ޼ʵĻĮĬĬȺڽɵ߽׵ӿڵҶ֪ȴȻġ
˻ûл֪հͽľ𣬵ͬһɲǻʣһֻ۱һֻۣͼλٹ˽Ҷ뿪˵˰޵Ļ
һˣòˣҲû˵ǣܻŻȻаŰɡ
ĻĮ˷ɳһУȱһأͽһ麮ӡֵػᱻ֮˼ãǱ㽫һΪڸһ
ֻƬһϣǰغӿɳγһ޴С
˽ʶ̧棬ǻһµڷ˶Բɳۣ¥ˡ
ЩΪʿԣǿɱ֪̽ΪԽߣԽţԽǻᱻ֮С
ڼٵļУû˿Ƶ֮ʱѺ֮˿ġ
Ҷ֪ﱾɹ֮һǿѹƣתĽз籩һɳ޲졣
ԸǰȻҲǴ̩֮Ȼڡ
ֻһڴ֮أ˵ҷ
ȻףͼһһϮɫ񣬲һͽȺ̵ӻڵء
麮


128 
Ҷ֪ϲ޶پ֮ɫ ŶԷһ棬˵ʲôü˼߯Щ
ڶŵ˲ԣ ֻһһҶĵļͷ һϢĹ ˾Ѿġ
ǰǳ׵ĺڰ Ī˵֣Ƥһһ϶ ڰƥǾԵļžΨ˵ĺ̽
Ҷ֪ﱾһֱץ˵֣ɴ˿̴ȴôˡ
ǡУҶ֪ȳ һڣͱ˽˻ 𣿡
ҵܵѹˣɻת˵
Ҷ֪Գȼһػ磬ȴڣ֣ ҡҡͷ ˵תްû취
˵ط֮ǧҪɿҵ֡
գҶ֪ٳ̣ص ģ ǧ籾ջ һ˵صķ
ţһůֱ뻻̣̾תδذʲô
Ҷ֪ﲻָֻϷ裬Ŀӣʶ޷ţںδ
ǽ£߽깲棬ֻҪһ깲ǣֻڰУ֮ٿȻһֻһǹ裬΢ȴҲǿ˵ݡ
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Ҷ֪ת͸ŶԷ˵̼¼һγɣ䲻ȱӦþ˳ʼ
ǣĿ΢˼Ҳһİա
Ϊ˵ɿ֣ܵЩȫķѽҶ֪۵ЩЦģһתЩ֮⣬ΪǰأҼǶڵ϶ãЩ۰
һʱزȥɣŸΪȫһЩûбܻ˵ǿɲ֪ħȻһڴ˾û̫ʱ̻꣬׼ҲڳϦ
Ҷ֪һץȡֻ̧գͼǺѳɣһµգ⴫еǣ֣ԶһƬŵһȥ˵˵Ļһֶţһıý֡
һħʹҶĵĿڣʱɢһ°Ȼǣͼ|һӰζһ΢ܴɢ
һ̳٣ѻĴħǹĿ־壬Ĵδ߶嶯ŭ֮ʱΪԼһ˵ĴȻҪհѵģҶ֪ｫ͵ĵ֮ϣҡͷ̾ϢɾҪһֻĸ飬ôٵлء
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Ȼһ׳ۣȴֻһ磬Ҷ֪ʰһöʯɽɽˮһ㻯ͽʯ˽ȥ
ԶԶԣħ̤ʯǽˡ

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ҲǶõĺӣлǸ鶼Ǳ˳۹ģô͸ħ˹ϵһξȥ
ǰд鶼дŰ
ʦ㣬ʦ㣬һʿסյȥ·ɫҴҵˣڵĳϳš
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ĮƢִɲǸˣʦ㣬ȥʦӳϰա
üĿ΢ҪתȻͼһϮ֮䣬з峤ϵӣһչȻоѵõЩ֮˵ڴˣҲͶˡ
ǡƷɫ԰ס
ʲôӳϱչδ֮Ҳ鲻ã˵ѣʲôɸ˵ĿģɫãĿ̽˵ǰ·Ҫ𣿡
ĿǶ뿪⻹ŵӳԭ˵ôĻתһ̧ͼֻˣ߾ɫҶ֪
Ǻεصһ˶Ŵ죬ûܷһ
ȴҶ֪ȿ˿ڣ˵Ҽûݣǳʦһԡ
㣬㲻ȥյĴţǾ룬ôܳ˵Żơ
ѱᣬʦΪˣЩʱ˺ľͲֻˣҶ֪￿һɫ棬ʦһͬǰȥӴ󡣡
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һƳƵĿʹǺϵڴܵѹʹòͷ
Ҷ֪ȰʦǺͿˣʦٻһɽţڴԣȻ֪ʦӳϱչأȴѰƫƫǰ֮ʱ㻹˭ֽ𣿡

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ħͷǰ֮ǲ֪Ŷ֣ԶᣬǰҲǰŪƣԵҩħ֣ΪڹУͬҶ֪ٳ̣һ̤лҺɫĳϸ𣬡ĻЩĵɳȴܣڻɽҲδɡ
㲻˵ա֮ƣɲһʦͽ˵̬ȣĿһ¿ڣȴ˳ĵͼɺɫۼ̾ǱҶֽţ
Ҷ֪ЦЦת̣ǻأͼһһڸ޸ģ͵ʦӱչ㽻˼ӣ⳾ÿһʱնһ㣬㲢ϣȨţִţ֪ɽòпݲܶõĶԼϹħֻ֮Ҫ˿ݵЩʹУɽ֮ڣɽȫһսԿתɴȴ߶Ѫ󷨵ġ
ϰ󷨶꣬δ˵֮˿ǻʲô²ﻢ֮УԼƤӵ¾˸ĹһΣһڸģƫƫ⿴֮λĴܻš
ٺƵЩҶ֪԰գ˵ͷ
ֻǻɽɺѪͼԼҶ֪ǻĲ֣ˡ
ЩﻹվסֻƷȻǳ˴ӣæ˵ϺιʻӲһתֻҪͿ̿ˡ
ʹģܽӲҶ֪˵Ż󷽷ǣصȥ
մŵǰסǡ
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Ҷ֪ɿ֣̻⽫ǻڰ˲ķ˻ںϣһϢ֮صʣ󷭸һͽΪϼеĺɽϻ档
ľѹƣĽЧӦνԾԷˡ
ǺɽǵŭȵһħҪֱˣӣǵ濴϶𣿡
һԵٵǰסԼҳϣָԼŵķ򣬽ŵɽϣ쿴Ǳߵգ
ֻԶ򣬷ֱƶˣãƺƵڽӽǾÿһ֣ħ۾Щ
ȴһ²ϵ˸ʣһָƺ֮˵ȡ֮Ϊ
ȫħ彵١ɴࡣ
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Ҷ֪ȫ̫½ӽħÿһ֣ҪԵĵ־ͻǿ
ֱ뻯ɺ졣
Ҷ֪˶һ˲ħǳ֮γһ켰صѪĻ
ɱǽ֮յĹĻȴתԴԴϵؽħϢڡ
̸գĻֳһɳħ֮󣬽Уһı죬˲ĺɣһйƽ

ŵɽۣкƣһ˶±ߣĿޱƺ
ǻһֻѩ̽ͷ̽ԣһʯ̡
ѩͣòǵһҪ棬ȴǶͷְһ£ʹͷҧǰ˵ָ
궼Ĳ⻵ë
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