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ฮǲһ˲类׷ļһⱲ

ⱻս˴ͻʥּ˭֪ǲһС̫类κǬ˳

۾ǲ˿ĭЩ

˭δıλ̫Ӷ˵Ļʵү

ʱżаǹµź⣬ˤµ飬µĹΡ

ǲѱԼͷүֻһʹǺƤ˿ź⡣

ԣ

===ġݡԤ==İ===

.

ྩǶ֪˼ҳŮͯ˫ȴȹҪǻʺŮ˸Ϸ˽ӵԸʹͶѻɽСˮ

.

ֻϧʺﲡţ˼һ˥䣬ʺգ̫ͯӳɻ󲻵꣬ڶˮ

̫ǰʹΣȻʹȥ˽Գ̫壬ΨаƮŵĹ̫ͯαװʵڶġ

.

ػһͯ𰲻Ҵ̫ӵĿŭˤ飬˶Ϊˣ֪ﾹǶųϥµĳСүϡ



һΣ̫ӵϧȴֻʵǸŮˣƺǸ̫Ӳ̫Ը



ϴǰֻԶ͵ͯ𰣬Ȼ俪ʼ׷ԼӰ

һ뿪ͯߣżѰңٺȻôȥĶ

ͯ𰿴üĿδУֺãܣȥQAQ

СxɧСү
==================

 1 

ѺͶꡣ
ϸɵ˿ǵѩ׷׵Ʈš
ϸѩ˵صȻٲûأѾʧӰˡնϺĶۿѾˡ
ǲϸŵı۹ͿԭĻơ汱ԽԽХžͰǲǳĴֽơ
ͻڣټķΨһŵ֧̿ûãǶٵˡ
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Ͼɵľűƿһ۵к
»ڣһͷһͱмҪ
ǲǿصƤͷкϵŵһԵ塣ϵϺõĺ񣬳Ծĵ֮֡
ⶫ󣬿ɵʥϾ֮µةฮ˲Ļʼʹ͡ฮŮһ񲻹ְ
񡭡
ǲۿ⸮ذԼĸĸʬ׶ҲةฮҲѲˡ
ſ˺ĺšǲʿƹһ
ӴҵСڣ⺮ôôˡ
ūţĶܣ
С˲·Ҳ˵īԣֻݰɣͷȾ˲˲ҪԿҩġī¿ˡ
ī
ǲͷ类ʯѹȥһ㣬ס
ø첲ѵĳƵϰ԰׵ϲ֪ʱѾۡ
þȫ˵촽򿪡
㣬īǷеŮ
ǺСƢСܽһЩһ˫˵۾
ҽ֣˭
˭
ǲΨһةĵŮ㸸ʮױýȢķˡ
⻰û˵ڣ첲ͳŲסˣϰֱֱڼªӶûеĴϡӴ󷢳һ졣
Ű裬ҲǸӣҲһ
ָ˽ǿֹסīҪǰ˼һ
뱲ӣǰҲһӷˡ˺εȵķ绪жôǿ
ǸˣүԣۻȥɡֵЩһŵɬǿףЩɳơ
ǣ𣿡ǲ죬ȴûŤͷȥˡ
ְ˺ӣ۽ǵ
ңǵҡ
ǵãȻǼǵãֵҺóԼˡ
ǲ˵һϲ˺ð죬ľսֻҪˡ
ӿ첻ˣȿȿȿȡңҰ˵һ棬𡣡
ĵǲԼĲ˵ĳѺηʱûûиԭ֮Э
ãúãģ⻰Ҷ
ȥɿȿȿȿȡ
Ĩᣬźˣǰֹܵʵʵģ涨ʩᣬֻЩˡ
紵ҹϽһ˪ǲʵ̿ûУ챾͵紵춼Ӳ
û
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Ķž黨࿪˻԰ͷůġĸ׵ֱϸŮԼһ۵һ⡣
һо̸Ƶүϣҡҡλξһ硣
ܻܵСŷ۰׵Сȭͷ·߲ȣͼҽ㡣
ѵܵһѱڻ۳ˮݡ
ѽѽ˵űĻ
ʱȻãž黨ûˣĸ׼ų󷽵ȥܵܵͻȻʮʱģ޺ѪҺ
޺
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ˣܵܰһ㣡ƫҪ޸Ұĵһ˾Ȳ𣿶㺦˵ﺦȫңҺ㣡
ǵģǵģģǹҪ¶ģƭȦס
ϲΪĴ񣬲׷ԣѰٻҲҪ޸
ة౾ŮҲʮָˣʮ⣬лŻ¡
ã㲻ȢǲҲޡ
ة಻̿Ů˷Էǳϰʩѹ˻Դͻ顣
ͬˡ
ǲʵ֪Ϣ˵һһҹûۣǸΣΡ
޵գĻϲȴԼķ
ˣеҲˣֻķԶǿͿʲô˵ɻֻ꣬棬žÿһΰɡ
ǲɬȴΪӲֱһײõļ棬ŻȻ
ܲסةѹűȢ
ǲ˵ԸɵǸˣ֮ǰ֪ةġ
˵Ļ˵ҲޡںաҶǷ
˵⻰ʱ綤ȴųš
ܾ
Ժһ糣ǲʴδμ˻ǿģǹɡ
ٺǲ͵ӾȻҪ췴
ڳ͢ʱ»ڵڶȥи֪ס
֪ǹǲ͵ġ
췴°ﱻ˷֣еĹϵѴȫ޻ةฮ
ةΪٶ꣬Щ±Բϴȥԩġ
Ϊ˷ֹһ㣬ǲʻؼҵͻȥĵ˾綾
ةһ췴ΣЩպҲԸǣǲʵĵܵ˷һŹҲһԸΪƽԩ
һºʥּ´
µ۵ǼǷ꣬ةϳ棬һ˫Ůȥ
ˣɲģ˶ŵ·˺ɱǲʵ˫С
Ȣ븮˳ƺˡ
·ǲûڹ
Լ벻ף֮ӣֿܣΪʲôȴ䵽ֵز
һΪĺݣΪԵˡ
ǲͷϼªķ첱ȴζãԼҪˡ
ȥĸϴˡ
ֻǡ
ǲϸϸûнŲ
ǸҲˣҲá
֨ѽ
űƿ
ֹ˽ݣǲԣȴûɤ۲һЩ
ˡ

ǲҲһۡ
ȥةฮĵģҲǲǲԸ
㡭㵽ûԡ
ȿȿȡ
ǲһԡȵżˣźһ㣬Ц
ֻ÷Ϊĵȴʮ꣬ңȿȿȡֺαȥң

֪ûǽӽǲʣȴΪ˰ͽᵱةࡣ
û뵽ǲӾʮꡣ
ǱҲʮ갡ǲθȡ
𣿡ǲʴݲһ顣
ฮĵŮεȹԣˣϦദ˱ԼݺʯĳҲû뵽ԼһĻ־ȻԾ
ǲе˵Ļ˿
Ҳ㡣
ЦǲѼӶӲˡһӲ
ͷһˡ

ǲʱ۾һ˫ȶôЩ꣬ͲˣĲһն絶ʡ
ޣֻǣֻǡ
ֻǺˡ
⻰Ѿû˵ˡ
ҡֻڶ˶˺ΪԼΪ˸ѡ񣬾ͱñǶ
̾ϢһҶԲס㡣
ǲʵȴûһ仰
˼ڰУҲԽԽһֱ׹
ʲô
޵ԨԼһ̫ˣܵͺˣⱲû˵һԲ˵һΡ
лҪ˵ġݡ~רղ~~~ϹأǰۺŶ=3=
.
ྩǶ֪˼ҳŮͯ˫ȴȹҪǻʺŮ˸Ϸ˽ӵԸʹͶѻɽСˮ
.
ֻϧʺﲡţ˼һ˥䣬ʺգ̫ͯӳɻ󲻵꣬ڶˮ
̫ǰʹΣȻʹȥ˽Գ̫壬ΨаƮŵĹ̫ͯαװʵڶġ
.
ػһͯ𰲻Ҵ̫ӵĿŭˤ飬˶Ϊˣ֪ﾹǶųϥµĳСүϡ

һΣ̫ӵϧȴֻʵǸŮˣƺǸ̫Ӳ̫Ը

ϴǰֻԶ͵ͯ𰣬Ȼ俪ʼ׷ԼӰ
һ뿪ͯߣżѰңٺȻôȥĶ
ͯ𰿴üĿδУֺãܣȥQAQ
СxɧСүдݣ

 2 

ֳʢ
бµĳС·ϣӯһ㵭ıɴľһƬɵĹС
滹ľͷ˼ӵľ˼ʻҡҡλεн
һŹٷ
ɫĹٷʾһƷûе֥١
˿ֽŵĲ̣ݺݳ˿Ũ̵
ޣ˵ڵĲˮҪ˵ҲѵСӽĻ˼ҵĺôȥһūţ˻ûȫʬǸɶˣض±˵ûð
һֻǸϳģĵ˵
˶û˹߶ʮһָ
ߣƨĸЩ󳼹ŲһӶࡣǲŽкøӴ
һ˵һ߰˵Ĳصİϡ
С·ƽȣһûƼ⡱һȥһʯӣǹүһ
ģʲô·
һӡ׻Ĳӡ
ǲһ⡯׿һľͷϡ
ֻûۣ۾ûŪʲô£ͱһ˱ס첲
û°ɣ
ҡĶ
ǲĴ˿ǰϸèһк⣬ġ
͵ȴΪϥ۵ٴεһԡ
Сģղűϳʱϥǿס˳ޡ
ǡ
ǲͨͨ
ͱϣû֪ˣôоۣ
èӰãſЦ
ǿҪʳˡ
ǲʾסˣŵİַŵǰ鿴
ʱ佫ʮָεһ˫ֿܿˡ
ָжΰİָۣױıԲ̵ܹӣ
ǲʲŵֿ˿Լһ硣
Ҳоա
˼ʱһͻȻ̽ͷ
ͽˣ¶ˣ˹Ǻܵģ

ǲʻǵʱĸ׽̽ϸʺ
Ƕ̫Զļ䣬Ӧöʮ˰ɡ
ūż䡣
Ȼ˱΢
ǲͷһͷ룬Ĵ˸
䣬öĳƺǴ䣬ǻű˹ְ
ԭǣة췴й
һ˵ǲʺҪסˡ
񡣡
Լǣʮ꣬Ҳҧгݺ޹
Ǹ
ǲʲǻèкִֵֹķǰ棬ƿ˷硣
Ȼ
ǲʳŲסֻС
񲻼٣ȴǴĹٷģҲʮǰ
ֻϣð춼ûع
ǲû
û
ˡ
лҪ˵ǲʣδʵүƨ
orz
ȿղһӵͣ

 3 


䣬ҡҡλεĽųŷʻȥֱԽɫĹţǲʷһЩ˼
һʮꡣ
һǰڸеһμǰݷة
ǲʼӶͬ
򱱽Դ佫ƫƫֲѧʶĲɳڡ̸һ󣬶ǲʵһ棬ֹסϲ
мμ棬ǲʶõһαһεĶࡣ
볯ո¶ͷǣһһĺãة౾Ů˼ͬ⣬ةҲԸһѿϴͻ顣
ǰһϴͻָո´һǲϲȥһ񣬲ةฮ
鲻㣬㱻˹ȥ
ϱӸŵľһģһ
ǵڳſǲʾ̽ͷѰŵþȻظ
ҲΣᶨԼɵ⡣
˼ǲʴڳг񣬷·ԼΧһжˡ
Сǣһ³
ӱƿΪ̫ͷ֪ʱѾȺˣ򹧹һԸ׶վһӵĹүҲĲ̾ǳų³
ǲʻعǹүһ޻תȦʶʱ˳
ةŮĻº󣬾ͱʥϼָɵϰſƾˣ︸ײڣ͵ġ
ǲ̫ۣصĶ̹СһũҰӡ
Ӻˣɤ۲ʱŨ̵ҪȳѾ˹ʯǽשﻹҷ
ֻüһڣǰվãɤӺүԸǱвģүҪ־͹ã
ǲʲ֯Ь˸ڵϣ˫ȴԼİȫУамϲԸػĻᡣ
һµ̫û߹·ˣһ˲䣬Ȼˤ˸
ô£˸ȳӲɣһԵ̫ɤ
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̫ȴģΪ֮⣬ë
Ӵ~¸³˹˻ߵ·ָ˸ȳӺŪӼҵģӼǮɲܰ׸
⣡ŹɹˣĶ͸зϸСӸϽ·һơ
ǲû˵ǸһŹǰԲ˰Ӹһˡ
ףЩ˲Ǵ򲻹ԼǼɵԼĸװˣة൹̨ȴõȫһ
Լ°Ǳ¶ݱͻةฮӭľʥϵһͻּ⡣
ǲЩʹ˫ȣͼϼ·
ǳмԴһʱ̻ܲ˫ȣ⼸·ߵѼӰŤŤѿ
Աߵ꿴ˣȫ̲סЦ˳
ǲʵͷҧҧû죬Ȧȴ˺졣
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ǲŻһȭ˵һԡ
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ﵱҪľҪϵøͬӡ
ʥһλӣǰԺվŵģǾ˵ƢΪŹֵĮκǬ
ŹȺǰţǰɻǸ¶ˣ˵Ƣĥⲻþһٴ·ȥѧõıؾ·Ӧѧƫ·
ڴ˹ǴĴЩС˹£Źһŵ÷ףڵϲͣ¿ͷ밲뷽ģˡ
κǬһɫüۼֲŨϲŭĪһ
ŹŻŵĽ͵ⲻ빬һȺС̫࣬ū˵أиС·ƹ죬˲أ߶ŵūŸ
һŹ˼ּɫãһĵ¹ȻǲǵģһԼɲУһ涯ŭҸźá
ȳСӣϽⲻǡ
ǲʸһԣźԼһ
˭
ػһǲˣλɽ©ˮǿƷ̫Ӷδʵү
ҡ
ǲʴŵĽëһ£Լĸ빬λ»ܳ裬ԼҰݣû۸׵κǬ
ϸǲµź⣬ˤµ飬µƨƨ
񲻱һӣܹ۸ˣ䵽ҳˣһ뵽ԼȻδʵүΡ
ˣ


 4 

˵ǲʲ֪Լ۸̻ǲǵԼڽߺԸȥ
Ǳ巿ԭи㣬ʮ빬ʮͱ˹ʢһʱ޶ֻ˲ز֡
ǲĸ״һͬ̽㣬԰żĸǸССλκǬ
ǼŮǧųƢԱԴ
˭
ηıͱк죬ǲʱκǬҪС꣬ȴͷ
ӡ
Ҵû㣬ǻӣôûūţ
ӼѵӣǰһɫŮ۵ɵԲ
˭ҲԸһˣ
ǲʲκǬź˿ˮźң͸˭
Ҳˡ
˵κǬҪߣĸλֲߣһЩʹūŶãҲ׵κǬѧԼ
ʵ֪˭
źζ˳ССĲƮǲҪ߼ˣ⡯ܹȥסˣһѴκǬŲ˹
ѽǿˣҹŮҽǲʣסˣ
ź⻹ȵģƮɢڰյˮסǲʵ۾κǬֻƵѾ°͡
ּκ󣬹κǬĸΪû
ǲ֮ԸЩ껹κǬǵôΪܵݺԸ±ıѾǵʵ۵κǬһϵʥּ
ȶԸ½ԲӣΡڳ͢϶н޹˷Ůǲմˡ
ʥּ´󣬾񶼾ѵö࿴ǲһۡ
˻û࿴һۣǲȻĲ˼顣
ı֮塣
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ǲʿѾԼͷκǬģӤʵ겻ͬˡ
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Сʲôأǰ
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ǻոǿĺܣ֮һ̫ܵסģһߵŹϣһŹֱֱ˼Զ
ǲŹŵԼǰԶԶˤ˺שǽϡ
ǱȺשǽҪ޵ѪգǲʾŹԺǲܿˡ
ˤͷѪŹֻǰϻģͷεĺܣˣӵ
̬ȳϿǫĿͷʹ鲻ֹū֪ū֪
ȴҲһۣĶۿ΢ǲʣʱŵ
ǽշ빬̫ࣿ
ǲʱŹұ߷֣ŷһƬڵǰͳԼը
ִͷţһ紵ɢĺڷһЩǲʽεڴֲ¶
ǲһʶӳκǬеɻˡ
ºȻѯʣŹֹס˿ͷǼϸɤصµĻҰСӲ¡
δ˵꣬κǬһǷ۵Źǰ
Ź˵ؿʹղһ֣æסԹ԰Ⱥ䡣
лҪ˵ǲʣǸûС
κǬûϵµͳ~

 5 

κǬ۾ĮĿڵϣƴˣеˣǱǫ飬ζ˾òͬһˡ
ӡеģ˿ӦûվŵѵŹôʵʵŵ˷䣿
ֻģưˡ
ǲʱעţֻ޶ȵİͷȥŸմӴĥԼĵӦͻ״
ټСʱԼκǬԸ˵߰δˣǱһϳԼԺĶţ
ԼҵĹѾȥˣδټʱ򻹶СӣκǬϲġ
Ժһʱ˶˭ٶදһµע⡣
Ƭ̺ǲ۽Ƴһֱŵܽ˿ѥڶһ²֪ʱѾջԼעӵĿ⣬һصŻ뿪Ժ䡣
ǲŰһĵ̧鷢ŽнԶ±Ӱ
һܺãµĹҪ̤ȥˣ
ǲţκǬȴȻסŤͷԸЩС̫̺ùغֱҸϡ
Ļʵһλӣӳ󣬲Żᱻţʹн³Ÿհȥסġ
̺һ㶼ӹмˣҪС̫ȥǳ¶
ֻǲͬģ꣬ĸó裬۵̫۸еĻ¹١
Ź֪κǬΪκȻ뷨κǬһֱŵĻЩɻĿһۡ
ӵ˼ūµ͸Źͷһ䣬Ӧģģūű֤׵ˡ

κǬһ˿񣬰ĿŹƵһԡ
ءˣֱȥ
Ź¿ȥһ֡
СӸղŸҸҶ죬¿ɲǳصԸҪȥ϶Ҫġ
ŹֻĿɵ۵ǲʣæӦ͡
κǬ뿪ǲʾͱŹֱӶ˲
紺էůôգ伸͸˶һ㣬ǲڲ񷿵һǣۿֺ졣ˮȴôҲû
ϲʵ·ڸǲ˺ͷܽⳡԼŲзϵ°ǿ̫̫ࡣ
ϴŷйν磬ֻǲʵʵԽԽǿѣүѾĻᣬǼǸп
Ψޡ
һҪЦŻ
ţǲʾȻûһʼǰˡ
ƽеǽվǰѿֻΪδӦ·
һϰ·ǲһ˼
ʮ꣬һ׷Ѿˡȴ롣
ǲԼܾʱةฮݷة࣬ǲЩһֱǲС
ָоץεĸоǰǲΪϲ룬øСʱÿȥŪܵܡ
ǲСӳԵ򵥵ѿǣӶûǵܾܵһһεϹִ˲ƣĴ
׶ȤʱãŵܵܿҪͼæ֡
ǵ˸˶úȤΨҪǵмѡ
Լʱûǰ񲻿ɣֻǱŪľˣ;Լϲģʵֻǿѿǡ
ڰУǲʿЦһ
ϰ˼ԺǲӦһЩ
ԼΪ½ϰſƾˣŸҽ͵͵ġҲ֮ǰѾ˻ϴͻʥּ
һԼɾȻؼҺ󣬵ڶվյ˹еּ⡣
ǲʷǽճȭͷϸ΢΢š
Ѿ˴ͻ飬ةܵأҲҿּԼȥֻӭʥּһ·
Լߣڸ˿϶ѾԼ飬ǱȻȥңĴ䣬¶Ȼ
뵽ǲʾ;ԼȺȻ˸ݶ
ĸ׸ܴܵ˿һʮżҲʮǣǣڸܻȥԽ»ңȥֻȶţ⾩ةฮҪҵˣֶ㵽Ķȥ
ʵܹɹαװС̫ڹҲδɣԼʲô඼ˣʲôµģһҲصޡ
Լߣǳᱻٸ鵽ģʱһ·鵽ԼǶ㲻ȥ
ֲܣԼ벻ͷǽ潥ͷ˯ˡ
һߣκǬе鷿յȴһֱû
һλӣڵģֻ̫ӵκ죬κȻҲ꣬еĺӲýΪֹزӻû֡
鷿űƿŮųõҹ
¡
ŮκǬӰֱ̨ͷһۺ°ɡ
ŮɵĶ˹ȥԼߵĸӺÿеĶֿڵĪˡ
κǬеıʶ˶٣ûпԱߵŮѱʸ£
лҪ˵ղѼôôա
ϲĻһ½ǵļǩɡ
ôôôô

 6 

Īʻźէһů͵鷿Уüͷ͵
ǴСߵĻĸ껹ʱһСѡˡǸصˣ϶ҳϵ˺٣ߺܶ˽ܵ飬Ī
ĪʹĹ󣬷κǬע¿ڣѾյµķԸǵ븮ʱǻαͨݣȫǴӲͬĵģע⡣
κǬͷ۾纮̶㣬Ĳôˣսɣ¶Ҫ̽ɡ
Īʵͷĵϣ˹еģ̫ӸµˣҾҲ
˵һ㣬Īȥ
̫κǰйʺһȻʺȥˣϰѶȻʺеİȫͶ뵽ǵĶϣκһ̫ӣԼ˸Ը
Щ̫ûӳ˼º󣬸
̫ұŰλȻܶ˶ûкùӳԡĻӾԭûǸ㣬֮£Ҳò֡
³ҲζκǬҲ㣬ǱԷſһЩֽˣ˭಻סģٵܻаߡ
κǬЦһ޷˵
ǣֲصʮΣֻ֪ߣǾ˭鲻
ĪʴСκǬóİҲóȽϡ
Ȼǲ鲻ģȻĸµ֣Ϳ϶иʵİţʵ˿ɲײóġκǬֲɲսɿ
ĪʼұˣҲˡ
˵¡Īʵǵ²̫װΪκȻùС̫
˵̫¶ܶ๬˶֪ʵֻĪ֪ЩǴǰϹ£ɺȻһȺ˽˼ĵط
һʱˣةฮ𣿡κǬͷַһż
ĪһͷѾ˲ߣһȺС̫࣬ͷͷȴֻƮƮһһʱ
ͷɻ󣬴ةǰվѾ뿪ȥ˽ϣǵ̽صϣﲻ֪ΪκȻɧһļҶȫţƺѰʲô
κǬתȥС̫͵ӳ¸ţһٷ䡣
ǡ
ڶǻЪţūžѾ׼źˡ
ҵūÿ춼æ̫꣬๬ŮشæŸԵĻôȴʼûһ˿һ췢żҲСĽ¾˹еĹ
ͷźѾ𴲵Ļϴ·ϳ
ǬҲһˣӦĿɻá
ʮѵõģϾȻѯʵ
ϲȴֵ䣬ʵĲԼúòá
Ǭܺã˵ϸѡĸַʮֺáѾʮˣһŮõʱѲ٣ʼûдǰģǾԼԵøһЩ
ĺܺá
һּϵĶ
ϽԼκǬﰲΪϲ̫ӣ̫λܵвôҲϲ̫ӣ̫λܵв
ʵƽϸϲǱԼСʮɣɵĶӽշգտӣټϰϰߣټԼ
һ˿źţ˿ֻлһˡɵô̫ҽūŶأӲԼչʲôã
ɻȴ춼ܼ
ϸչţȥϳҲûһ强ĻϵĿͻ뿪Զת
ǻϵ޹ˣҲҪԼĹˡ
*
ūͭࡣ
ǲʵĲű͵ƿŵùһٵһѣǲʾͷԼ岻Ծ
Ӵ˯ء
Ź˽ǲʳǰԼʲô˲ɣ㻹ŵūţҪӵġ
ǲʺɬƤӱࡣһĴ©Ĳ˯Ǵǰڼн״̬ôܵס
ôΪ°Ҫȥ͸ɸˣŹվſڣδϸ濴ûǲж̲סֳ
ǲ죬ֻǿзǸֻۣǿǽվ
ūūŲҡ
ϸټǲɤӸɬ˵ͳ˲٣Źǲʾ
⻹࣬ˣϽ߰ɡŹʹˣֹϸϿ
Ѿǹˣһȥţ·ϲǽߣͷ˵Ӿ¹Լǧ۹ҡ
ǣҶסˡ
ǲʽں棬þǿӲӡԽ߾͸оԽװʮʯͷһ̲ס׹
̲סͷǰ˿ʱﲢûиоСʱĸӽǲԶýô;ʮǧѣ 


 7 

Ĺ빬Żһ·ҪߣΧשӳʯ·ÿ·Լй˵ͷĴҴҶ
ǲʸŹ޻һ鸡Ƥ᲻а߶廹ʱǰ㿸һǷ֢ˡ
ʱԶսǴȻҡҡλ˶ӡ
죬ͷˡŹǰͷۼ⣬Ƽ˺Скš
еĹشǿŵ·һ㹬ǲãֻ˽ﾭ
ܹŽӽģƷλȻ͡
ǲŹкæȻӾʱǲʻûס̧ͷһۡ
ǲо˰أŴæ߹ѾϤˡ
š
ʶģͰǸϤ˳Ȼͷᣬɹϳ˽ŲԵһûС
ո߹ȥѾƺʲôɻŤͷǲʵķһۡ
Źݵ־ʱһѳסǲʵ䣬ݵƲ֪ôǲӶƫ˹ȥ
ôһǲʻعҧԹ޼æͷ
ţǸѾ߾ŵŮԼενҲԼѺ󣬵һԼƲϵˡ
ʱױ췴˭Ը²ϰϵʥּ´Լܵܵ󣬵ʱĸǰѾ˶һˣҲ
ܸܵԼǲʿһϣԼҶƴǲʸܾܵ˳ǲѪһȥţϣ֣ܸܵԼһѡ
ةฮ˾ɱܸܵԼ޴ȥҪĲߣҪһЩɢӹԼܵܰ
ֹţһĹٱ
Ҳ룬ھǸ϶磬ôĽãǲһ氡
ŵʱ˵꣬ͷҲصľˡԼܵҲ
ˣ
ȽԶ˶վŹһһѹš
ӲҪԼѰض˶ϸɾȥ֪֪ղҪû㣬ͷҪ׷ô˵ҲҪһġ
ǲҲ֪ǱˣضҪϻؼȥģæǣллˡ
֪ô½컹¶Ҫ⹬ͷǲģ¿϶ûʲô³ģҰø˽Ͼˡ
ǲʷűϾȻúһЩˣʵƢ𣿡
ƢߣǵƢãֻ±Ե˸źˣ˵ǸƢĥˣ粻˵ȥ껹ָȥ̲̲ǿүĵضӴҪҸôһأҪűҾ͸½ˣ˭ɶ¡ȥҲǸߡ
粻
ǲϸĥЩôǵ¾ǸźСƨ
ʼˣκǬҪûаۣôƷ˻λ
κǬЩūﶼô£ټԼǵˣ˵֪κǬûϳԼôүǲܴġ
ǲоˣҲ࣬ϸ˹ſڵҸῴܲߡ
ԼҪŹȥһ㶼ʹرԶŹǵָᵥ͸ʲôģ·ҪֵʱԼԳ˶Ⱥߡ
ôˣ
*
ӴŹɣǵԸˣ˵ͲͷרŸ͹ȥˣֱӽ߾Ϳˡ
һſڣƼһֱżˣƼŹ̾ӭ
ô죿
ǿعŵļԼҪܵĶЩѵص׷ȥԼ¡
Ӳ߲˵ָϼȭš
ǲӣʵʵĸ
·ϣǲڳϢһ߸пӵ˾ǲһҴҵģ̫
ɾôŻȥˣԼκǬһŹ˵Լûϳȥ˾ͱһٶô죿
ҪǱϳԼͻؼҽǵͻʥּһвֻصԭ
ǲ͵
УԴˣԼô˵Ҳǻӵˣ׸
ԼҪ취ߣ취뿪ǣԼѰһСطԶ뾩ǣƽҲȸǰ̫ˡ
ߵĿ죬һĹʹӹߵ˼ϡ
ļϣǲĵƿ˴˶ǰ棬Ҳûע⵽ԼǾѰӴȥ
һСֵ̫ôģֱ͹ȥ𣿡
ǰͷŵ˸һûһ졣
һƲƲ죬ĪʴŵģҲ֪ǵôġ
С㣬ǵµлҲ˵СȻСȥү
ү˵ǵ¾ˡ
ˣ˵û˻ǵūŵľͺúð°ɣӿǴɡ
ǲڳֵ˲ԼСžһ˶Ĳ·ʱӴ˳
ʣŵĵء


 8 

ʱѾ³ʱ䣬·ͨκǬۡڳ̲ļϳһ±Լͷǡ
³Ͽظ徻Ƭ̣ȴ֪ΪκȻȻ˹
̫ǴС߳ĻƢԣ˵ƽտɶϲ񶼰ϣദ˵ⱻ۸ٲòȥ
κȻͲһˣ̫֮ڶĻӡ
ټĸҲܻϳ谮һʼҶӱضǺƢԣκǬƫƫϲ򽻵
ܣ
ڹֱκǬܣôеģֻκȻ
κǬֻͣסԼĽŲعͷֵ硣
ҵȵңһߡκȻʮȻİִκǬļģеټϵЦ⣬˭˶Ҫһѵܹ
˵κȻĸϹʱҲǾгˣǲ֪ôĶӴ۾ûһԼġ
ϹӣҿڣκȻȴǿ촽ΨǱӻֱͦڽ˿̫ᡣ
մذ칫ǰЩܸۡúûȥϲ˵ʲôҲҪܻȥֿھƺȡκȻ˸߲ҵ˵
κǬЦԼбţܿκȻʱҪ§ĸ첲ͨլһ㣬ԶԶǰ㾫£Ҳûͷġ
޷޷Ҳ죬͵ȥš
ǳܸĸԼýȥ밲
ūǺκǬΪκǬ̲̲ǸܼѪĵض¾̹Ȼ֮Է˸²顣
ö֮Ҳıơ
ڹУκǬǸöӺõܵܣǰĺõܵκǬССҪȻǲܾܾġ
ðܾûˣһȥ
ĸϲȥͻأ¡
ߣҲȥ
κȻ

ΪʲôκǬϲκȻ򽻵Եʡ
Ҵ֪
κǬһȺ֣˴򽻵˱ȻᱻȾԸȥ̫ӵɫʱҲκȻһ
һκǬĻ׻оܾ˼˼κȻҲˣ˳Ÿ
֮£κǬֻͬС
*
һߣԭµĲ·ڣΪǲһˤΧóһƬյ
ǲûľ飬ȴҲ֪ʱȻû취첲ֻһˡˤ۵ĸ첲ӵϵѾԶȥ˿ûʶеı仯
ǲʴһܣ׼ѰƧĵض˵
û뵽ǣӽ£Ҷ㾫񱶶˶Ұո¶
۳һ˴һˤôһˤˤ˲ٿֵϰ
ôһĹǲΪľѾΧԭ伯еİվ
զ¶ǲǸеūذ
Լӳġ
ݸ첲ȵܸʲôҿūţġ
ſֵĶǲʸæµ˱ˣǼҵǸˣŰˣӴұӳңһС¶Ҫ˴ǱΧˣһǼ˷˸ðץȥˡ
ǲʵ·һԭĺúõͷ˯һɢһ룬СſǻôһΧ֪Եɲɵ֡
ǿֲðΣԭǻȥˡ
ҿūţôС壬ܸɸʲô
ǲ۾һתߵǸɲʲôػֻΪΪǸ۲۵ı̬ҵþǹҪ̲סʹĸݣ
Ӵôô˰
ɲʲô̬ǰһλһϲ˼ѵĴء
ǲʼ˶߶£׼͵͵ߡ
ǻ᲻һˣ˭˭ҵıˣ
ҿˣţǡ
˻δ˵꣬һӺ𣬻Щɻ
ôܼҵأκȻԴд˲档

ʱκȻôܷԼܵɫѾӽɫˣ۾Ｘɼŭ˳ƺҪǰǸʱҪߵǲ򴩡
֪κȻʱȥκǬһɫˣܣò㸮ϵİɣ羹֪㱩壬
κȻĻŭκȻ˵꣬ҧڷԸĪʣѽ˵ūŴһٸϳȥ
Īͬһ࣬˻ԼȥԸģͷǡ
СκǬݺݿѾȺȥֵǲʣץȥҷ䣬ڴڼ䣬͸ұϡ
ǡ


 9 

ǲʻûüףԼϻۻߣͱĪʸɾĴס˵Ѩһ仰˵
ǲϣ
ģſң
Ǳǲ棬ĪʿҲһۣСһаԼūš
Ī˻Ӵ˭С
Ĺܼƫŷˣһ̧ͷƼĪʣϻһϸƤСӡ
ˣһ˵ūŻҺúýѵһ١һ˵Īһ߰ǲʷ
ܼջСӾӵƤӵ´ߣǵµ棬֪Ķȥˡ
ܼ⻰ǵĺӶʲôʲô
꣡¶̫֪
һһԵǲʣܼ۾ɵıƽʱ
ʱǲʲ˵ֱĪһ·ĴԭͲʵڰд˷磬ֻøӳء
òױȴκͿԼڿԼ

ܼң
ĪʣŶҵѨ˵ǰ졣һȰҼ˶š
ȻܿУ⻰˵ǲۿᶼҪˣȴһֶ˵
ȥɣһҪ˱ʱ䣬ūŻúˣ
ܼҵͷȻ֪˵˭Լǿү̲Ϊٶɶη֣СӲԼ
ȰصĪ
񷿣ز񷿣˵ˣصӳ¸󡣡
ӳ¸
ܼüȷһ飬ӳ¸סĸ¥˵Ǹй۾õĵضˣǹ˵ĵط𣿣
̲סǲʵݸӺϸϸʱһͷȴ˲֪ʱѾԹȥ
*
ǲʹѹģڹҵľһʱ俴˿Լϡ
Ծһªû䣬ȴһн֯Ƶı죬⿴֪۸񲻷ơ
⻪һжڴǰǲʶѰȴѾܾûôȵڵ񻨵ĴϺúϢˡ
ǲдϵȵıЩ񣬺Լص˺ܾúܾ֮ǰЦ˳Ҳûȷص˺ܾ֮ǰ
ƾʲôԼ˻ҪؼµƾʲôͿһ
һ㸺Һȫ֮һҪȫ
뷨ǲʱЩ֪е˼·Ȼ˺ܶࡣ
ϸϸһһʼӽףǰгﱸ췴û´ʱ֮ôŸ췴һΪ׵ȷ˽ȥȷ֤ݡ
񵽵ΪʲôŽӽԼ
Ϊ˵õ׵Ȩ
ǰɳةฮͱ׵ʱѾʮˣһʼھܾԼǸڳϰʩѹټ˻ʥּȲȢԼ
˵Ҳ֣ԭʮֿܵڼǰһϳͻȻͬ⣬ʱΪԼʵȴȷǸʲô
ʲôв򱱽ĶӣʱѾǴ
ǲ˼вȥ벻Եɣһ߰ԼǷգһߴ˱
ſһѨʱѾȥ
𣿡
˳ȥſԺһԼĪʮƲӵˡ
ܸܼҵĶǴˣҲ⣬һʼΪµ˿϶ˣҪסӳ¸ԥˡ
˿Ҳ֪ʲôǲ˵
Ǽأ˿ǲȫûҪԼ
κǬѾԼһʼûϳ϶ҲϤʧһһҹةฮҲضըˣ΢һ飬ܰةฮ뵽һȥ
㿴г裬һҲһõģԼݿ϶ǱκǬˡ
ûпѹָͣһݽܼͷһ󱳳һ麹
Ǹ
¹ܼҵĵ֮Լᣬǵͷ˰벽˵ҪȻ
˵գܡ˷ţȻ侲ͷȴĲС
ǸǼһ¥ûָͨɹźŵĹҲƽźӣɶʱҳϵ
ûУûУǵһΣһΰ
ıûУֻһῴӵ⣬͵͵ĴУɼеϲ㲻Ǹ߹˼ҵĹԺҲǰӰ
ҪĻͷһδ
סͷļȥ˼Ѿͷ
һȥúźžУԵ¶ôࡣ
֪ˡ
һ߷Ըţһٴƿӳ¸š
ҲûֲýֻѾͷȥơ
ɫͨǷˡȥѾͷ
𷽲ǻԺ̧ģá


 10 

Ɑƽȵ̹ԼܣѰȥ
ܲŹʮָˣҲ̫ӵĺãߣܣһҲô룬Сʱûٱ
磡
κǬÿθκȻ˵ʮֲ䷳κκȻȴϲڲԡ
Ѿǲ֪ڼκȻ̫ӵıԹˣ˵˵û£ȴϲԼκǬ治֪Ϊʲôһûӵֵز
ʱκȻ⸱ģװģÿſʵ־ǲԼ̫ࡣ
ȶˡκǬϵ
ٺ٣ܰ粻˵ˣ綼
⻰˵ζκǬͷֻۣʱʱκǬƼ˴ӳ¸ҴĹͤѡ
κǬ֪ô
к½˵
Ų֪Ǻã˻ɴ⣬ȥ˵ԭί
κǬüͷеľƱתתܸг˵¶ȥջЩظȥɩȼˡ
˵꣬ҲκȻ׵ûͷҾͿ͡
ϣκȻҲʣЦЦȥ
*
һʱǲʳЩ⣬Ȼоû֮ǰôʹˡ
ûü˵ԱһѾͷ㿴ˡ
ţȥйܼҡ˵գһŲȥ
ǲ̫Ѩ뿿һ۱Ƽϸŵҩ룬ٿϵ·Ҳ֪ʱɸɾ¡
ǸѾͷԱߣʱʱ۾Լϴš
ǲʰɾںڵķ˿ڼϣ԰±˶ؾ˹Ϊ˯ѵԵȾ˲ۣϸ˫ӣĿԼɫ¡
ѾͷҲʮһ꣬ǰĹеĽҲ˷֣ǳڵ·źŻġ
˵С˵Ѹٵͷ
ǲЦЦˡ
СѾͷܳİͷ͵øֻȴǲʶЩ׽
һǲʵԸҲˣʱѰ˼СƢִЩɴӲΪѣҲôƽϣǸദӡ
ѾͷűԼҪС꣬ǲʼδ˹Щ
ǲһɤＷԡ
ͷҵݱ𣿡
ãԵȡ
ǲʽӹյĵ˯˶ã
˷纮ȣʱˡ
ӿ֪
ѾͷЩԥ⡭
ֻͨµūţƽү涼ֻԶԶļ֪ܼźţȴ֪ﵽʲôݡ
ʲô˵ǱԴģһʻѡ
κǬɵҲµˣɲη
ӡ˹
˵ʲôˣ
ô˲Ȼ뿪ˡ
뿪ˣǲЩίȻСʱԼû۸ԼһͷСκǬɺôԼȥ氡ôĹĹء
ֹţǲʵķſˣλԼϼĹܼ⣬ȴ
ˡܼʮֺƵĵ
ǲ⿴һۣͷ
ܼЦЦһҼ˵˾Ϳȥؼң︮ϲԶӾͲˣʡĹٴӳˤ˸첲
⻰ǲĲˮðβȥ
˵ôԼ׼߾ͱδ´أΪڲ֪ĵطͣԭԼùײκǬ
Ҽӻ˵֪ŵģѹ´βҪԲٱߣǡɾ˹ﻹﲻҪϣԺةฮǷҼһˣڹﵱڮӵĻҼ˵дƽˡ
ԽԽǲʶŲյָķףһֱةฮκǬֵ
ΣǲʻЩˣ˵κǬǱ̬š
ȿȡǲյȷʵҪл£ȥ˵Ҫл
Ҽ˵ˣлؼҼɣء
˵ģ֪ǲµԭ֮һȥлȥתҡ
ܼҶͷðһ˿ϸǼ˵һӣﵽĵ
κǬܼԭⲻĴ󣬹ܼҶ̧ͷȥӵɫԱߵĪʶԾĳԱŲ˰벽Ը̾Ҫ꼰޹
ô˵
ðΣܼҲκǬʵæͷ˳ŵͷһۣû뵽ԼɫȻ
үĻūžʵȷô˵


 11 

κǬ˻ͷһ뵽ľȻЩǲѾͷ˵ġ
ǵСʱλԼҵĹﻹδȥʱǲʾʱĸʱԼĸλֲߣֻ谮̫ӣڹûаŲ˵ūŻΪ֪۸Լ
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 12 

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ĶȥˣǻүԸūȥģû뵽ү˵ĳߴ羹Ȼôϡ
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κǬЦһָȥĴǲʵķ٣ЦǲԼҿɺã


 13 

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⻰ǲֻԼСʱûгŻùʱš
ˤ첲ƤǱղôץգ첲ûзϾõˣӿۣ˺һƬ


 14 

ǲʱͰղ˵ϻŲİ˴پŵҲֻǲݲݳԹϢˡ
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һ߳ȥԶŵԸ˶Ŵ£ʲô


 15 

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һԵСҲ޷޲ƽɲǣô˼ҲͰˣ۶ûƹһء
ޣӿ˭Ҳ۵ģҪ˵΢ҲȷãǸкԺһֱûˣŸģҲǳѵ

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Ŵҹ㣬黭ЩСѧֻǲͨģ幤
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ȵĵԲ۾ЩϵȵūЩȵĳɫء
и߼͵ķʽɲһеȵҲûϵַ߳˶ҪЧ


 16 £׽棩

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 17 

̸κǬæȥǲûټ
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ūԭмõѾͱֵԺҾȥǣ˵ǹһԱ͸ǵµġ֮ǰ˵Ҫͼ¶ûգ֪ôվˡ
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ճڣǲʱ˵϶ԼκǬûӰ
ҪҪڣʼĽᣬȴ־ԼͬκǬԭûйϵʲôҪȥĺԺ


 18 

Ϊʲô
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ǲʰһԳκǬ岻ʱݹӣӡģһСǣӹ⣬ȴʱ֡
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κǬ˵޲ȴѾŭ𣬰ӵָҲԽžžڻ졣
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ⲻÿԴѹ̫ӡ
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ǲʵĴκǬ⣬ƿ·̣˵ʱ˵֪Ǹ輧øһݡ
ԭˣǲеĽٽ⣬κǬø輧ʱڸԼ
ո磬ֻҪʾǱĸ輧ɣҪûӽ̫ӵ檣֪Ҫ갸̫Сİܻߵ֤ݳ̫ӵģֻѰһѰ輧֮ǰδ档
ǲʵͷӦ£Ⲣ£Ȼһͬ׽ʱЩȥѡ
ֻǳΪʲô죬˵Ǹֵĵؽ磬Ҳӡ̣ǲзԼǰļ䣬ȴȻͣ
ˡκǬĿڣϵɢȥһº͵߲³
ǲʸҪκǬƿӳȥһˬʵĿЦ
Եְƽղ̰Ůɫ벻ҲҪ˰
κǬûκȻĴȤ񣺡ܼܵ硣
ҿʲô۸˭˭ۻǸϽȥݼ̫ӣˡ
⻰˵꣬κǬߵĪʶһֻǰͽʵӱ־롣
⻰˼˵κǬֵܲ񣬵Ǽ̫ӾҪݼɡ
ǲڳͷ˶Ц˭ǸʵˣֻǻлԲҪףκȻȻûʲôӴȴ֪һκȻǱͨ
ֵܼ仹ǹΪ׵̫ǾǳӦöŶԣˣ֪մλɩɩǰ
κǬѻ⳶˹ȥ̧ۿŴκȻһŮѯʵ
ɵܵһɩɩܡ
Ůԭ߹⻰ȴҲʧĸκǬ
ǲ˰ΣκȻѾ˳Ҳп˳ӳ׼
մӳ̽ͷͱκǬסֱۣĽĴӳϷ
էů紺ķҪȰ࣬ǲغ󣬷ϵİ˱鲽ҡŽŲţ̫Ӹ谵ĵϣЩ
κǬĵľٶвԾĽӱӿ٣ģԼôûǰ
κȻҲд˾ޣ֪ǳһƧѰˮŮ
лүǲʵлκǬŸ
ӵ¡
ͷ͵ļڸԼǱﲻסЦ⣬³ʱ͵κȻСʱҲǼӵĸ䲻ʮֵȴҲ־ôͷĶ
ƺǲҵ۹⣬κǬĲסǲʣ̫ҲȵżˣǿЩȥɡ
ǲʸս̫Ӹм̲̫ӸеĳκǬĲ̨࣬ͤ¥㣬ȫ͸©ĸ֡ݡ
˵ʹʲô̫ӸʲôҪݳ޺ܶࡣ
ǲʰԸ̾ţ̫Ӵ͵С
ǲͷһμ̫κ죬ֻϷ§ȫȻͬס͸̫ӵˡ
ֵǶˣ
ӸκǬһ̫ͬȴû˿Ҫ˼ֻǴЦ˻ָָ֣һûеĿʾǹȥ
ǲκǬһ·СĹȥκǬ̫Ӳûп²Ժ󣬱ܸоһɳȵĿһֱ׷κǬ
һ̫ӱ߰ߵ϶Ц⣬ӯӯ˵λ£׼׸λȥ׼ˡ
Ƥ𪣬˵һŸ߱ۿͷ۾Ǻɫ죬ϵ͹ȴƻУƽ׶Щ
ԼİףǴɫİ£Ҫչʾĳ׵ĸоκλɷèúõ֯ȹԵøӲײࡣ
̫ӣƱյ˵Щ׻ǲų̫ȫװģ۵ûţɴԹϼӵԡ
֪λ˼ʱ֮ǰ´δ
˵˶Ѿ˶ǣ̫һ˫۾ֱԶǲʣ٩ζ
ǲʸÿӼ㣬¸æַȥô˵̫ӻ治֪Լǳ֪͹ģֲûҪκǬѡ
װһ㷲ģκǬ̫ӵ£ա
ɴǲʰϸĲͷϵĲҡͷĶز̫ס˰㣬ôջ
̫κйʺΨһĶӣʺǾǳĵһˣκÿҴʱʺһޡ
ǲʵͷ첻̫Ӵ𸴣̲סɻ̧ۣȴֻ̫ĦžƱζĿԼ֪ǲ˿


 19 

ҿ𣿡
ǲʱκ죬û뵽κ첢ûлӦǲʵĲתƵ̺Ĵϡ
κ۾գһϲȵǰֱԼˣÿһٶǡôϸȴ֪ôͨʣܼԦסǿҵɫ
ܣ檸ôȥǸ輧
׵ĻһڣýԾǲʸǱŵĿ಻֪롣
ûֵܹһ˵Ҿκ˼Ҳõô˵浱˵ⲻκǬӣԼȫˡ
žһκǬеİƱ֪ôһء
ǲʱŵûعκǬҪǲһ˿ڡ
ԭһ輧˵΢ȴ䵽¥̫ӵӸλǴȴ֪εҪԸл
ϯǲίģ
ݵˣСûϳԹⷬ˵ȸκǬҲ̨̫ףڻκǬ̫ӷʱֻϣ̫ӲҪ̫޴˵ЩĻѱκǬܰѳסеĳ嶯
⻰Ӻ˵𣬹²δд˷˼
κУԼܴܵСͱԼ۸һֱϹϾĴӲΥ˼ټϻƫģ簮֮µĺеԽУҲδκǬܾԼ
ɵµ˼ܴ˴ˣһ֮Ҳ˸
κ˵̰ɫȴϲЩΪ˵£ɢ̰ͼ֣ʲôϲʡ£֪ǰǸƢ
ټǲ治ֱۣͣǵҲ˳һᣬԸˣأô軹
ǲСȥ⿴κǬֻɢһصƱѾȥеԽеȭͷžþòſ
ĸҲڴʱ׼׵ԼķΣɫɴڵ̹¶ؿײЬӳ߽
ײɫȹǲֻȸղ˳˲٣ҵ赸£̤ͬ¶Ů
ֻǲͣȴұֵ̫ǿңԾϴȻװӡ
һգ˵ƿϵɴ¹͸©޾ţ̫׺žƿۡ
ǲʰֹ˵κȻ㶣̫Ӿ޴˼ȫдϣҲΪСлԵֲ˶Ķ
Ļû˵̫§˰ƣŷȥ·ǲʿʱãκǬĪʹʹɫæ˹ȥ

߳úǲæס̫ӹ˲پƣϲȻ̺죬عͷտԭ㰡к飬Ѱˣҽūȥ
ʮУģרƭǲЩ飬ǽ͵ǵģֻһͬ޹˽˵
Χڸ輧δɢȥĸ첲бһ§ţЦЦк˵ǡ
ǲڣǰЩйء
£ɫ΢΢㵣ϵĺЩŰѱŵĸ첲ȥ·
Ժ⣿üʵ
ǲһȥҿȷ˺󣬲ŵҲͽǵģ̽Ѿ׼ٴ˵İӣԽ˵̫Сģе֤ȫ˰ѱ
ŵɴ۾͸©ĵǲʶɼԾɰŰţǸϽңвް
ɫǲʵڻƵĹӰ˸ϸһСĵҲǳݶ
ˣҽֻѰĸ輧ԭֺµİˡǲʱ˵͸©ɫϣ£Щ
ȻǲģЩ׽ɫҲįȥǶǿˣֻǸӣҲиùޡ
ﻰ̫ӵ²Ҳʮֳ谮𣿡
ǡЦһһԼ϶ε࣬Ҳһʱ̰ͼʵ
˵ǲʸͬ׽ǲŰпչ¶ǲ֪Ů֮һʼ߿࣬Ψһ԰οİ취Ǳࡣ
˼Ƭ̣ǲ¶첲ϵĴƬϡ
ǺüǰˣκǬҩʮֺãͿĨȥ㲻ˣֻǼϵ໹ҪЩʱղſɢȥ
޹֪±϶´棬ʵ˽¶Ů˺ǲбȭĥң첲ϵ˱µ֣º󻹲׼ͿҩһŮ֮ûа취ÿμľսȴҲֻҪԴҪҲడ
ⷬ˵УǲʼŲ˵꣬ټϸ첲Ե˿ڣЩ
û뵽¾ô¹ޡ
Ѿû붫ôŮ˵ˣСĵĸǲʵĸ첲ָȥǲ̲ס˸£ȴԼŪæ֣ǲʰá
ٿȥȦǲû뵽ԼȻͣᣬæֿοû£Ѿúܶˣ޹ĪҪΪҵģֻҪ˽µݰϢ̫ӣﶨյ̫ӵĸٳ裬ĪҪˡ
мĵͷлˣԺұưɣģһұȥѰЩϺõҩȥʲô¿Ը͸ţҲܰһ
ʲôأ
δ䣬ͱһϣԭ뿪ϯǶһͬȥòɡ
̫ӶûȢޣĻȻȣֲǲŮɫˣƫּϧԼԸϵֻйȥ
֮һ
ϯʮƲ֮ĻɫȻȲùĸ߹
ʱ˹æסɫǲǰͷЦ޻Ѱ·ŵʱ䣬Ҳ·ˣ
ֻΪôòȥˣĪŵ𣬴ô¶Ȼվôã
̫Ӹ⣬ǲµĿ֪ﲢʮֵó裬ԭȴû뵽ֱӵȥҭˡ
ʱǲд򱧲ƽĻˣԽڵĿҲΪЩ˷źúõ˲ƫƫҪȥǰӵĴƹԼͷûԵƫƫ£ǲ֪Լ׼Ｘ
һЦ˳һֱֵȴ뵽ºͣȴǸϲ˵ġ
㣬˵˭ءͷð𣬱Űȴ벻Ҫôؾǲʡ
˭ǴƹҾ˵˭ʲô㣿˵ܸ³ţ˿ɼ¾ģݵ檡
ǲ˵Ҫ뿪ضľʹˣ첽߹ȥס˶˵·
ùĳЩ˲ҪȥԼ
Ǵӹģô䲻ó谮ȴҲЩλʱܹί
żȴûǲתĿ죬鼱֮¾ȻҪȹȥ
ǲ۳ǰƾҪʶŤͷȥ㣬ȴҲ֪ôǶ㲻ȥˡ
žһƸС
ǲʱ۾˰ҲûȵǰĵѲƴԼʵǶ֣
æ۾ȥ񣬿Ҳû飬ǵ˫۾Ŀ档
Ҫ˵ѾڵϣиʮԵĺɫӡ
Īʣ
ǲſǰ֪ʱѾĪʵ˸ʵʵԶվɫƵκǬ


 20 

ԭ촫ֻκǬκȻҲ֪ʱ˳
Լ檰ӷǵûгϻʮֵĽд΢΢ŭ
ߵ˼˸ǰǳҴſɲҪ˵ģǰҵ˶ˡ
⻰ǲʶͷһһ˼űԼʵ˵ߵȫֻǵʯѣԼŮˣϻһ䡣
ΪĪˣȻĺܣһƴֱӰ嵽˵ϣʱϷһƬѾ׵ĸ߸ߵģúõͷ
˿ųªضȷʵ֪ģеˮϵȥίţ鰡ˣǲûдȥ𡣡
ûȥΪҺʱϹкųŶ͵Լǰ棬ûеסһ׼ڶϡ
ĵĿ£ĲⰡο˴˿ǧ򡭡
Ǹ첲ԼڻүˣڸϽȥλǸ
ĺǳȻ춼ǲ˵ǲȴʵϿ޾ĺ⡣
ֲõ걬κȻͨ󣬻Ͼǲֱε֮ϣ˿һŵʵ˳࣬ԼȫȻǸ֮Զ̫ӡ
Լүô˵ˣȻѵǲǸ˵ǵǸȴʮԵĺ⡣
ʵԭǲʶ޶⣬˵Ҷ檳˭ܿ˭أ
˽ȥ·ǲҲκǬ»صС
ſˣ
κǬǲߵļ첲ǲʵȫԼģĴнǲ̲ס˸¡
Цһյøˡ
¹ǲʵ˸ôŻȥ
ɻδţԶŵƮɢŵľƻԻ͵̫Ѿ⼸ͬĸ輧ںȾȡ֣죬ǲü
ƳǲʵĲʣκǬοĪͿȥˡ
šǲʵͷӦ
ǻȥãҲѾһ·׼һ裬ֻǸһƼ̫ĸ輧һ˲į
ûĳӳ֮£һǣ̫ӽЩգϺֱӴһѽ
ţ̫ŻعȾƺȵͨ죬һЩˤ
չľˣλܵܿɻģ
̫л͵֮⣬ƽĵȷʵȿڣл̫ӿǸ˵ģɫҲˣճܾи˰ɡ
´ӿɲˡ
̫˵ſԺ٣ںһ仰˵̫ЦЦµɫӲźȻЦ˳
ˣȥɣ˵˵
¸ԺκǬʱȻ̾˿ϵ˱Ũ裬̫˹ȥ
ºѾưɡ
⻰˵쳣أķ·ֻһֳĵܵܡ
ǲ֪һ飬벻δ̫ӻ
̫˫ۿκǬֽӹյ̧ͷ£Ц˵ΪԼαװĶΪ¿𣿱϶Թ±ϹϾʵ򱳺û˵˵»
⻰ǲһľսκǬȴ˰㣬ûйĲ졣
ԭԸɣĪҪֳ܆£ܻ˵ˣֵϯԺЩΪãȥίʵ
κǬվ̫ӵȰ̫ӣ̫ԭմȾ˫۴˿һЩ
Ц²ҶԲҪҲȥɣٽžۣʵǸģ˵ĽֻҪ֮󣬾͸ϷƵĹ
κǬת§Ÿ輧뿪̫ӣ˺󣬷ʾǲȥ
̫ӸɫѾ󰵣ǲʸκǬͷС˵
޹ԸжҪ
κǬǲʣŷԸ˽ӹ
ͽǸСɵľУ·ۣһϺõȥ׵ҩࡣ
û뵽޹ġǲʸ̾жԼƭֶ˼Ρ
ҩࣿʶ̫ļ檣ˡ
ǲЦЦκǬ֪Ѿһ¹޵
ѺСɫյĻѾˣҿǸ˼ˣѻ̫ӣ̫ӻ᲻˵
ߡκǬһ̫ǺҲˣ׻װͿʲôֱ˵˵
ǲʵͷȷʵˣ̫ӣһ֮֮ϵĵλĵλкκù˼ɵģҾ̫Щ»Ҳһ
ɱǴ෴ĺܣһжͷգίˡκǬȻ
ȻӦ˰㣬С鷳һӦĹ޷
üͷţؼŭ˿ڱҷģպ󶨽ʮۣҲһٵġ
κǬ
ǲʳȻֹס
ŵҲˣŵŹ˲ҡ˩һ𣬿Ժȴδ֪ģЩ˱ɣ˵
ǲ˵Цһ˼·شǰͷ־綤ŵЯְͷԼҲֻһƭ֣
ֻڻнꤵʯ·Ϲ
ǲʿοѵĻϸ紵ţκǬĿǰˣ֪ôϣ·ܹߵٳЩýʱ䶼ͣһ̡
*
һˡ
κȻظУִٽһţʱʱ۾͵͵һ
ϱĵطۣȴֻգһ仰ҿڡ
µ̫һͬԺ𣿡ºȻѯʵ
Ծɿϴ˿ȴ˪о֮ɫ
ϻ̳ϿֵæӦǣ½ʵѵʱ˵
ʱȥʱǶһƧЩĽͷ˵Щʲô䣬˵šʲôģǰȥѯʣµ檱£ԩġ
κȻа̽ʹܵнһŮӣ̽ҪͽκǬڿǶ֮׺ӣһ룬Ƕͽˡ
ô˵ǿһ˶֪ĹϵκǬ̫ӵĹϵʡ̫һ쵽ͶԼҲ֪֪ܴͲʡ͵ĵơ
üƻκȻŻعע⵽һһ߸ԼԹԩմ˿̸
κȻᷳ͵Ŀڵڽ㻹еôķϣظѰƣϵ˺ò˽㲻Ҫٸҳˡ
ⲻͷͷ㣬˰أϵղסƮȻ˵ء
˿ҲװĲȡκȻϧֻǼ仰ô˵ԼҲˣԼô
ֻ϶κǬСĺǻŵӣ޾İûŵԼôû͵УҲҪӽ¡
ֻǡʲôˡ


 21 

ڶɢκǬһŸ̤ͱ̫κס
յκҪϳԵʴļΪʽ̫ӷϳڣȻǸѹӡ
κЦŴͳƿӣֱκǬУκǬ㶣̧ȥƲŷƿ͵ĻҪϵȵҩࡣ
κǬ
ǧ˵Ӧ¸еôһԼҩ
ǽ´ӿⷿѰĽҩɱһҩЧǿ࣬·ҲǷţӦʱõϣܰɡ
⻰Ǹʲô˼˲ɣ
̫ȴǸװɵ㶵ĸԣ˿ɫҲΪУκǬҲǲҲǣΪš
ԭѶ˵ȫ̫ӽһ飬ԼҲһֲ˵ˣ̫ᣬΪκǬŮ֮ʲôá
κǬΪѣ̫ӱΪԼñ֪в˼ǹɿοĪҪΪѣ±ˣЩڲͬĿζ绹飬һ
ܹ͵¡
еӨ״ƿָκǬ˼ȴ⣬ոУ̧ȥڵĲٹ
ĸǰЩӺ̸ʱ˵ǴĻ¡
κǬٹ밲Щϡ壬ڴ̽顣
Щ˵ԼЩʱЩеĸá
ԾǸģԼ᲻ֵ飬ʱһ۴⣬ʲô
˼Щ£ոʺ밲ʺ˵һ죬˵ǻҪҵĵŮͻ飬ԼҿǳģҲǵá
Ȼǵãֻôմͻʥּû˶
ƳκǬô˵Щ
κǬЦЦճʱǡ䣬Ȼĸ˵˵ѡ
šͷԭͻּ͸´ﵽةฮˣ˵Խһˡ
ةЯ˽ϣСʧٵҲֻȥˣκǬ뵽㡣
ǲʱҪʧٵʱةؾǣʱةʥּδ´ȥ˻顣
ôŻµвۣµʱ򲻻нˡκǬ˻в֮⣬ȴ˵ʮֵ⡣
κǬһתŵһҪĸ󡣡
һǰ̲ʱ빬У֪ĸһյĲʹЩûС
ϵĲˮѾЩˣйȥյ²衣
ѾȥãǬαٹأ
κǬЦΪȻҪ׵ģĸ˵Īǲ黹δȫǲҽҲá
ˡ̾˿ϵǰĲѾˡ
Ǻͷˡʵĸعڷģĸʱ̫Ӹ͹ϺõҩģЩ
׾ͺã֪ҵĻȥģִȥ̽ЩʲôͲҪǣϲǣˡ
Ŷ
κǬЦĸɷߺʲôǣˣ
㸸Ҫ˾ǲñǣˡ
Ǹʴˣ
ĵϣ죬üͷʮּᶨ㸸ʴҲҪǶԣ
ʱȥŮѾκǬ⿴ۣ¶һ΢Цº͵ģͬһˡ
˵ˣĸౣ壬иˡ


 22 

ԴǰκǬԼڸ¶棬ǲʱࡣ
ſڵǼȻڣȴֻΪ˱Լİȫ
ټǲӵ˳ֵɣÿӳ¸ͻιι㣬˼Щ´һ߲ƿŪ
ϾţǲŷµԼûŮӡ
պŮӣκǬģûһ棬Ͳ֪ںʱ˳ȥ
ӴǰҲû𣿡
ŸʯĻƿصֻһ
ޣ˵ʲôأ˭ǡ
˵һ㣬ԭŷǲͣ˵˭檣˵Ҳôϵˡ
ǲһ۵ĺܣɴ˿ȴһҪ۽ޣ첽ǰȥ
ȵҡŻƿߵСģں浣ǵ
⻨ĿÿֻǲŲһƿڰϣûȥĶأ
һǲʲվţ޼ڷ
Ʋı飬ȴǲ˵鷿һⶼûУŷƣĶȥɡ
ŻȻ¶˿οЦ⣬ڿʼүˡ
ĻƮǲʼͷʰڱǼᣬһŵٷԸժЩ͵ȥƳɸɡ
ǡ
ƿ͵Ļ֦Ҫ޼Ը꣬ǲʱӳ¸УŻƿ
ͷбǲеļȥˣԸȥɡ
ǡ
Сĵıƿ˸С˷ԸԪǹ޼ģ͵鷿š
еȫȥӳ¸ҲֻǴһ̺ţЩɹǲѾС˹ȡ
СˣǸƽģƽһЩȵ¶ֻԸȥ
ɲ֪ôģֵȴ˻أӳ¸ԭ;鷿ɣĪǻ·̰ȥˣ
ðΣϲųԪӰֻǻƿȴԾ
Ԫô£ѯʵ
ԪͮͮģһǱ²
ū͹ȥԭֱӸϵģֻǱ΢ˣ˵˵
ԪĻû˵꣬ͣ
ڵǲʴ˿ҲѾ˸ţػɡ
ӷԪεĸ˽ȥ
ǲлŷԪе֣΢ꣿϴԼȥ鷿ʱⱧԹ΢ꣿ
˵ʲôһԽʵ
ԪһǲʵɫƺЩʲôͬɻ
ϻһƿģһӳԪֻǸһĹ΢ͷ˿Ȳϡ
ţԪоʹŷ߷߲ƽ˵ȥ˺ԺӵĴѯ䣬֪ǹߵˣͷҽȥˣƫƫү߽̺ļ㣬΢һūţͽסūš
ǲдʱȴѾµˡ΢ģǹҪֱ棬ֲԪ¡
˵
΢ūԵʣūž͸˵ˣֻȴ˵鷿ǵƽհ칫ĵط˽ãôܷŽȥ˵µ˭ﲻ𡣡
ǲǹ˿û粵䣿
ūűˣū˵˿ʲô
ǲЦһĿԪ˵
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ǲʵķԸȴһ΢ķԸ
΢ϵԺ棬˿̵Ѿû˷ŵƣίǱ߿޿š
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ǵõ½ǵļǩŶ~~~
Լλۣǰ巢ͺ

 23 

ԭ̲񲢲࣬κǬƽûظ
սԺﲻãԼ鷿ĶԵʺûֱͨӹͷ˺ôһ
κǬû뵽ǣƽǲʲǸϲӣ˵ǰǸЩ΢ĹȴûϵԺҲС
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 25 

ĪʴˡͷŵԪŵ
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 26 

ϴεͬ˵֣ǳ͢ȥֿ̲֪л߾ǹԱɶԣ
ǲϸϸųСģ
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˵κǬЦһߣ߻ʵԶɹȥȻѼ֤ݣЩԻԸ
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תתκǬѻԼĳϡ
ʵǲʷһžƼ˰ǻ˸ƿӣúõİڷһԡ
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ⲻᣬǱκǬ˵
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κǬϳЦô¾ˣǽȥ˷Ҫˣ


 27 


ةฮ
ҹةฮСү˷ȴûһ˿˯⡣
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ة˴ģһְѽչ˴ģϲɫжȴЩ٣ŤͷεСүչ˲źãСûȻͻˡ
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ةŸȥһ£Ȼ˵Ҳ²С
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үͱ˵ˡְΧյϨ𣬹С˻߶㡣Щ˯ɣҹ¾ͻˣ־ڸ䡣
԰ֶ̨뿪˷ȻǲʣһƤҲʼ
ʱ¾߾
ةฮཻӣڴ˿̣һģĺӰ
лҪ˵ղ

 28 £һ

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κǬ΢ͷϣ֪е׻ЩߣԲû⡣
΢һЩӣǸĺӣԭϲκǬ̲ģһתֻǸˣźĲҲûã΢ѾͷǸûģɻʶĸۡײÿźš
κǬŲ豭ֽ˽۵¶˿ͷֻѸʽڵãû˼
ǲ˵ģԳݵҷ£̫Ӷȷɾ衣
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ֻκǬ뿪ͷβûƹԼһۡ
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ͷȨС£˼ղŵ£ŵлˣ˵и֪סĽӦȥݻᡣ
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ֻҪ漰ľûС¡Ȼ룬ȴҲֱ˵ַֻ䣬ȻĶȥ
ӳ¸ǲʶԼü
⿴˿һˡ̲סѵ
ǲ̾˿ӵɲ𣬶һˣκǬôûء
ͷԭˡ
⻰СſںŵԪһ㣬Ѿȥ鷿ˣ϶أҶµˡ
ƽǲ͹ϵǸϲΪ˵ģӳ¸źҲࡣ
ǲȤ˼ȴûа취ֻͣصĵͷҧгݵ룡ĲˣĿˣ
κǬ˵취˷𸴡
ӣûúÿ˷ˣټûдˣ¶µõ˷ָƤʲôء
ֻԼ˵ȴûע⵽ⷬڸϹκǬŵı˲䱻ˢɾ
лҪ˵һ~ղ󵽵ϴ~~~~

 29 £

κǬĪȻҲбһƣǡþƼκǬ֪ʱϣĪж֪жʱ䲻ҪˣŤͷԸ˺źţԼѰ˸ضȲȥˡ
үʰ
ӳ¸ͷƼ͵ǽǵκǬæһء
ţɡκǬű·˸˰㣬˲١ŵūвпԼӵϲŭ޳
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κǬסǣ죬ççײײҲˤšȻ˵ϲԾŵЦȴƭˡ
ȽſأǸЩСŮӰ˵ˤˤ
ǲ˷ܣܳʱֻκǬһˣڻȵתǵطպпʯ͹ƽƽ·ʱ򶼻ע⣬ֻŸûͲȥ
û˵꣬ӾѾбųԱߵȥӦһҲɵˡ
һǲȴûеĿڵϣ̼κǬѾ˹ȥһѽ˻
Ӧ˺һǲʽŵ۾СĴܣѾŵɫɷһԲͣظؿڣҲһҲѵɫԼ
˵ʹ죿κǬүԺ˵˵ԼСŮˣ
ǲһ̣Ħڨڨվã˵˲˵ˣҿҲ˵ˣֲܽѵҲҪ˵죬ԭеа˵ޣЩҶջأ
ĪȥˣκǬǼףŻöûˤţߵĿ϶ūǡ
Ƕⶼ˵ЩʲôѵӦȸµлúøлһ˸սŵǸܺõӣ˵ûֶΣǸܳͷġ
лˣޣ
ļ˸Ŀɿڴһȥٶһ̫ˣñǣǵ²졣
Ǽ˵˰죬ҲûκǬŭ𣬷ǻعǵѾСĻż߳ȥһ·ˣϡ
ôһ˿Īζ
ٿӳ¸ūǣҲѾɸȥˣȫһϰΪɫ
ڡ
СĵİѲ˵˸ǰǰ̺򲻸ģһ֪֮˵ӲĥеҡѲˮãԼܵţ۹۱Ǳǹģ͸ˡ
³⼸ȥӵĺɻϵ¶ˮݵȻ㾭ȵģϾüͳɻϵˮ
ǲһɫ·κǬŵĲǼ򵥵Ĳˮʲôѵõľ㡣
κǬȻʲôȱģȱľһݼ򵥵ˣǱ˸ģˣ׼ȷȱĸܰĵˡ
ǲʵȲע£κǬЦһڣ̧ͷʱЦȴԴĵ衭
ǲסʲô飿
˼һ飬ȷ峿ɻҶϽ¶ˮ˵ġǲԵˮŪԼˣ
ԣûӣǾκǬȲϾü
ϾüζҪ֮ܳζҲƫ嵭ЩֻŰԼõĸ³û뵽²ϲȲҲͽ˻
ǲʽΪ˷飬ֺһκǬû뵽ƨûĺãκǬϲ衣
κǬ˿ı黹δȥֻǲʽŵһ裬ֻǻûκǬԼﲻסֳˡ
ϲȻúȣүء
Ц˳ȥͷʹ°ͶҪˡֲö˵鲻أôſڻһҪ˵ӣת۾ܿƷ
Ȼ죬ȴ˳ʮֵСźţ˭֪ʲôʱַءˣŶλ׻͹أô
ǲԾϷŪˣֺ˺һ䣬Լ˲ա
ŵҲ㣬ҪƵϵȥţƲϾͻҡ
Ա߰ǲһֵ˹ȥ
ǲʵĸ׵洫幤շַ䣬Ҳֳ˲٣ǲѧıΪص塣
κǬֽŵĶŪã̲ס뷨
ֻüͷһ㣬ͱǲ˸һ
߶õ𷻵ģֻȥģӲΪϵȣɱʶⶼһģվǹͷҲȲϡ
⻰˵ĵˮ©κǬòˣǾߵӲãʲôˣǾ㲻ʶ
ʲôǰ˵ˣκǬһʱֻ붺Ūһ֪Ӻڡ
ɴһסǲʵ󣬰˵İӶݺԼߣҲϸǲʶôѾ
ȻֻҪҵʱŻİֻģôϻ㲻ˣţ
ǲʵĸ첲Ӳ˹ȥ첲öסӣҪƣֻܰӴ󲿷ֵѹڸ첲ϣһ;Щ顣
첲Ҹ첲ۣκǬ㲻Ҫͻң㡣ֻЩ飬˵ǲʹ˵ˡ
֪κǬַëֻô˵ܽϽ侲þԼҲڡ
Ȼǲ˵ԺκǬֻּ֣ææվߣǲʵӲ鿴˺ð죬ֱ첲ϵĺӡӽȥŻع
ҡ
ǲʿ΢ŵ̾˿ǲҪ㻹ңһδԵ˹ֻǸԼľǡ
˭˵ҪκǬ˾үģ
κǬ˵ţСİõ
ͬΪע˲ŮͿĨηûһ˿и
һ塢ҡȴӣݵĻƣȵȡ
κǬŵǸΪ׺ڽ·ģʽ򵥵͵ȴҲ¶ݡ
ǲͬ߹˵׶ֻͷʽַ˼ƣɫ߻˽߹ɣͷøȼһĻɫϸܵǳ㣬ӳһʡ
ܸȽϣҪ˵ûжպáٿǾɵľ͸ɽ亣ζȥԿʲ˰̣УүԺҲ˵ˡ
ǲһЦ˳һ԰Ĵ̲סЦδӾȻ˵ŮӸ˵Ļ
Ц˻ǲʲͣߣѽԭԺأԺǿԶһʲСˣóȥðŹģúá
Ϲ˵Ķֻܸһˣ˰˱ҲҡκǬ˵ţ̾˿үôͶ㣬СҲͰˣպã򲻿񡣡
⻰̲סҪΪЩίκǬ͵ӳ¸һϵȵģô;ʹպˣ
ƫƫκǬ롣
˵ţֱӰҳүˣԭȿŵҲ㣬ڼõǰѿ
лҪ˵ġݡ~רղ~~~ϹأǰۺŶ=3=
ྩ֪ѪϥСŮͯĸǻʺȹҪ󣬴Сˮ
.
ֻϧʺﲡţ˼һ˥䣬ʺգ̫ͯӳɻ󲻵꣬ڶˮ
̫ǰʹΣȻʹȥ˽Գ̫壬ΨаƮŵĹ̫ͯαװʵڶġ
.
ػһͯ𰲻Ҵ̫ӵĿŭˤ飬˶Ϊˣ֪ﾹǶųϥµĳСүϡ

һΣ̫ӵϧȴֻʵǸŮˣƺǸ̫Ӳ̫Ը

ϴǰֻԶ͵ͯ𰣬Ȼ俪ʼ׷ԼӰ
һ뿪ͯߣżѰңٺȻôȥĶ
ͯ𰿴üĿδУֺãܣȥQAQ

 30 £

κǬʶľеҵ˹ȥǲҲʮ˳ֵĽ˹ȥ, ָ΢ǲʲԾع
ԭڵκǬ, ֮ǰȥһ鷿ϴ˵, ͿĨ㱡֬ۡ
ǲʳԴöһжõģ֬ǿõһĥɷš֭, ֻΪ͹ɫҲء
ǲԾȴղĶŪЩ̣ʹûŮϸȴԾɲʲô
ǲѸָ, ǳ, үϡ
ֻǴӦ, κǬȴǰһץסǲ, ζᣬͬŵǿϺõİ, İ˻
ôڶ, ˿ǳǳвҲҪϵ
֮, һ׽ŵ, ǳɻ󣬳Իϵϡ
ǲ˵һֱǱӵ, ҲҵȥֻжʱΣκǬҲûԽ׳һ
ǲȴסˡ
κ, κǬĺԼԽԽʱ˸첲
ǲֻңϵŵӲûκǬԭϵȽСĵĴԼȥϸ˽ǶȲ׼ȥ
˵ôˣǲʴĹӣСĵıκǬϱĵطȻװ˵
һʱҿֻжһ˰
ͷĹǲѾϵã̧ͷֵǿ˷һڼңҲ֪ˡ
κǬŹҺõʮ㣬ΪȥϾüϸϸƷš
֪ԭҵʱôȿǿǺˡ
ԭȵǲҲԼ׵ܣֻʱȻûпǵģһ졣
κǬҲǲʵĺڣŷ±̵İɣĹǸˣΪֹ˷Ǻӻ֪ûӰΪĶȥأһֱ㣬񡣡
˵κǬȻǿ֡
ǲžȣ̶ʵ˿ɲ͵ôôˣ
κǬŵǸӵģ㻹ǵǸǸĵϸ˸׶
ϷŪǲ񫣬˵˽Ҫĵطֻͣſǲż
ǰΣǲʳ˼ԣԼȻܰκǬҲû˿żģͿ϶ûġ
ǲʸɴͬѾϾüǳһڣƺǾ˲úȣ·˻ȥһûϸ¡
κǬĿģҲΣǰǲСӿɰĽ
ЦһЦ˵Ǵֻү˭ȻһͱֻҪĶˣôҲ鲻ĵطϾ
κǬЦһϾ˭뵽绨˶ôͲڹͷġġ㷽һˤǽһĻˡ
ͷͷһθԺźĸѾǶԶķڷˡ
үŸӳ¸ãѾʲô󶼲˼ЦڶΣλǸ
˿֪ô࣬κǬǳЦԼڹ̫࣬˵ԼʱΪ˿ֻ޲Ҹطȥ
㣬㣡
һϣκǬϱŵ³κǬųԺοúúãҲˣŵģϸĻ֡
ͷɻС죡ǲԶɽü˿˴ָ֣ͷװͰ͵˵
ţúúãүС죬СǺκǬǲĹĵģǿԼȥһѵĳ嶯˼ɻСѲǺɻ
˵ǲʲ㲻ղʶЦЦ˵үȥƾ֪ү˵
κǬ˵棬ɻ޷ҲǸɻԵҲûˣͽŵ߶ˣʱͳķȥˣȻûġ
ʲôʱԸ˷棿ĿǰΪĵ飬һЩҪҪ˷
Ժڹͷѧרŵֿţȥʱ˷Ī׽˻ɣѧԺרŵݼʱ䣬ʱһᰲ׵Ǽһ棬ʱʱҲɶ˵Щ
ͷʾԼףԺҪͷϸܶ࣬˷ƽĺӼͷķҲͷвٻ׹ݼͷĺӣھ꼶СӣҲͷѧ˿ʮϸ
ƽЩԺĹرĩݼգƽ˲ͷ٣һ춼ٲá
κǬΪǲͬʱҲǿǵԼİȫֻϣǲʿôס
лˡǲʸм
κǬαܿةฮʱ˷ܴûжʡ׻ŵĶЩԼʷԱӣҲԵԼ
ڳǱߡ
˵ĲκǬһЦȥ̲ϸ˾İȻݲһ㣬Щ꾹ȻǸذģ֪ôֺͲ֮

ǲֻǴĻͷ˸ţ֪ǱԪȣ˴𰸡
иýзСǲ̾˿б񻤵ĺܺã·ǰδԼֹ֮ĸ顣
ǻŮ÷ãǰδ£Ϊ򱱽϶֣ʱȥ˻æ
κǬ͵ĿǰģʵЩ¶ģֻҪģȫĪȥ顣
ɲ֪ΪʲôǾǲΪԼǴԽԽɰ
ҹǾˡκǬһŵ㻹ںģױ֮ĸ鶼ô
ǲס
˵ųݵ¶أզͺȻֳԼںˣ
˭ںǸ⻹ڰ뵽Щ𡣡ǲ̲ס˸ŤͷκǬȻʲô񾭡
κǬ仰ĪİοֺԺ˵һ˲ֻع鵽⡣
ʲôĸκǬ֪ľĪĺܣ˵һ뾹ԥ
ųӵǲ񫣬ǰǰɡԼųţ۾գŵôǰȥ밲λؾҲûȥأôˣ
ǲʶӡͣСʱǸŰŮˣǸֻлϵģʵǲʷֻԼ
˻ϸˣԵȥ裬ҲֻǸĹߣκǬô˵ָʲô¡
աĸ͵˸檡ԥһκǬǰѻ˵˳
лҪ˵ġݡ~רղ~~~ϹأǰۺŶ=3=
ྩ֪ѪϥСŮͯĸǻʺȹҪ󣬴Сˮ
.
ֻϧʺﲡţ˼һ˥䣬ʺգ̫ͯӳɻ󲻵꣬ڶˮ
̫ǰʹΣȻʹȥ˽Գ̫壬ΨаƮŵĹ̫ͯαװʵڶġ
.
ػһͯ𰲻Ҵ̫ӵĿŭˤ飬˶Ϊˣ֪ﾹǶųϥµĳСүϡ

һΣ̫ӵϧȴֻʵǸŮˣƺǸ̫Ӳ̫Ը

ϴǰֻԶ͵ͯ𰣬Ȼ俪ʼ׷ԼӰ
һ뿪ͯߣżѰңٺȻôȥĶ
ͯ𰿴üĿδУֺãܣȥQAQ

 31 

ǰɡӿѿǲʵָ
˶٣ǿӲŴӴа׵ָ۵ĴС
ߵָεĺܡ
ǲգ۾ٿκǬ, Ťͷר־ӿ, һʱͷֻСǰǰɡ졣
κǬӿǲʰӣһְ̫Ĳ, ְǲʣµȫ͵Լһһϸİ
ǲȻûκǬǰ͵ס, û˶ǲԼ֪ʲô, һСżǶʲôȱôҵһ, ˵˼ҹô˼ؿշ, ǸϽȥƣίˡ
κǬõȥֵݹȥ, ٺҲҪ˭ģƾүϡ
ӷڰɫĽ, Ƶɫ͹, ſŶġ
κǬŵڵĹ˵йܼշ, ǵ׺Ժ, ͷ϶үˣҲм֪ķɵ, 䲻ﵫ׻ǹĸӣˣֱܲ˳ȥ
ԺסȥǱвģүŰѽԺݽ㴦
ԹŮ, ͷССҲлʺƹȨɻʺɢָɸ
κǬǲʵĻûбܻŴż⣬ͷβҲԺ
ﻹиܵܣǶ˽һЩ£ȥҲŪ˵˵ʲôݣ˵Ķںˡ
仰׵ġ
ҪƹȨѽڸûлôԺŮˣǶҲѾڸƹˣ϶ЩԼ
ĺ
ҲСǲʳӵܾҹܣµǸҽʲôܣ
Ϊڶ㵱˭
κǬƳһ۴ŵõΨΨŵŵĲ֪׸˵Щʲôá
Ҳֻʱ°æ˾ӣʲôǿѵ¶
ںסѵѾǵŮˣҪȥ
ɱˣڿֻݲܱסԼүҲҪЮֻүڵĸȷûŮˣֲġ
ǲʺףа׵ָϰ԰ȭͷĦţ˼òźɵĿʵֻʱ¶ѣ
κǬǳЦŵͷҪԸⳤõүҲԸġ
úõһӣͷôҲģģôû˾һ㣿
ǲʴӦκǬ㰲ġ
ͷʱͨţκǬӳ¸÷еĪصð˳˵˼ʲô
ǲʮ游ȥ˽ϣζƫϷŴƽӳ¸ĲʳκǬķԸСãʽǲʵ˼ǿʲô
κǬڣûʣֻ˼ǲƽ
ûθڣһͷѼ⿪θһһʵ޲׻ɽźŹһֵʱƷʲա
˲ȴʮ־£ÿһݶٷǡ
ǲ뵽㣬֪κǬԼĿζܺϵԷúõļ˶ܳԲá
ڵ¿ʲôҪ鴦ҾͲˡ
ѾԱ˵˺һӻҲˣǲƽϲģ͵κǬͷӦºԼúóԷ
⻰˵ѾˣȻæ͸Ͻæģɱ¡
˵ĻҲ˵ˣκǬȴûаҪ뿪˼ʾĪȹȥһӵĺò˵ûʲôҪ£һ˫꣬ԡ
ǲʣŶ
ʳ޲һٷꡣ
ԵʱǲĹ۲ţκǬ˼˺ûرķӦǵʵ޲׻ɽźŹǲԸ̿ζģҲûü
극ԺκǬ¶ϤɫķĲһԭΪģȴǡóԣʺһˡ
ʳȴҲᣬԭŻԲߣһԺȴҲЩʽЩҲˬڡ
ǲֳϣ͵ոͲʱΪҿζƫϷҲģǲҪôǣŸ˲١
Ƶ˴⣬ɫЩȻŵҸյǻԶҲԲߣĲźһЩɻǾòθڣרŷԸ˸еĲˣûԹݽϵ죬ʲôָ⣬Ǻ«Ⱦͷ֣ʱŸȥŻǾͷãݻˣҲͦõġ
֪ݲ°ôˣҪǵԼһϣ˵˵Ҫȥ⹫ܴԼһȥ
תֿ쵽µʱ򣬴ͷ¹ɴڻϣʱϸ΢ķ紵ǲʵķ˿סĲ
ˣ
ûСǲʽŷ۾ǳЦֻǰƱĺ棬һݺһǺãȴⲻ̰ҪȫӵУֻദ˶иѡ
κǬ΢΢һǲʵĲϣȻʵǸʱȥô

һ뾩𷻺ÿ˿ߣ빬ͷɽʯкܶóԵģĻǹˣΪʱ֪Ҳˡ
˵ˣŵûгֹʧӰ١
ֻκǬȴȻȤͷš
˳극˵˻ĪٴιˣκǬûű鷿
ʰ׵󣬴ͷǲϢ
˵ǻҪ뿪˸˲⡣
ǲһ룬֪θЩԸɴܿ˻⣬˵ԺԺ˵ɣȰҰͷϵķٽ⿪ͷƤ
ɵľźϬţʽɫľǲںڵķ˿ţǲӵģûԺȥˡ
ɴҲҶʣֻͷִ̽ԺʵүԹͦõģĳԴöū澿ŶֵܵùˣҴǰ·ŭ˭δ˵»˭Ц
һ˶ܿó¶ǲжô⣬ǲȻҲġ
ʱеѡκǬкܴһԭ֪ܶԺ飬ԼԼҲܻЩκǬվͬȵĵλ̸ǱضܹԷṩͬȼֵϢе
ֻǲԼף֪˭ߵѡһʧܵ·ʹûκǬҲվ塣
ɵκǬԼԼܺõʱȴЩ˵ζ
ˣͷȻֱԺ¶Ժ˵ɣһĲߣٻء
ǲǲײ΢΢ֹסȥĶ̧˸Ц˺ˣЩû¶ʲôˣϢɡ
лҪ˵ϷӾͷǳĲˣʳܴҲԲ֡ݹȥһγĶĸСԣʾر⣬ȫãԣ
ϧûǮȥڶQAQ

 32 

ڶ峿
ӳ¸ĳԲ, һ֮, Ȼء΢紵ɢɻҡҷԺ㣬ǲ˯˯۱ѡ
ǲ, ŵƻӳѣºȻȥء
ΪκǬӳ¸õ, ˵˻ʰǲʲ˯£ƽʱҲǸ, ûô
ǲʵ˫, ˵ЩͣһκǬȥϳҪЩʲô
ŵĪ, ΪԼү粵ŵϳʱʲôҪ²żйȥ
ǲûϵĪ, ˸̾, ʰʰȥ, , һ·
ʰ׵ǲĪʹȥ, ӳ¸еĵλüãȥﶼĺ, ·뵽̸飬ǲʵκǬȻ鵽ʲôҪĵطԾͼӿٶȡ
ǲʵ˵ضκѾǰ緹Ա߰һԼģ, ΪϳԵʣκǬŵ׵ĳǳɫצơ
Դϴ΢ºźƺǻһµŶ׶Ҹʵͽģں档
ǲʲ֪ôͷ̹˲٣һ类ѵ¶ҷԺ
Ĵæֻд˸򵥵Ĵ٣ϸϸ鷢΢İڶ۵ɫܿ˯ѵĺۼ
ʲôҪ𣿡
ǲЩ΢ǵʵͷ¶һʱͰˣһ˵һԵѰ¡
ǻ˿κǬѾĬĬһʣǲʣ˵ԼûоðֲԾΧҲѾֲ֡
κǬֻ඼˲٣ü۴ЦúȵĽ
ǲʣһ˴ӴϺҪҴҸϹҪ£
Ѿ˰£ʱʼ˺ǲ»˶ȲţѹͷðĲƳһ۰״Ҷ𻨸£ֱȥˣ߸߳һˡ
κǬһǳЦҲ̫Ȥˡ
ԭһǴȤģǲʸͷĲ裬ŵǵĿѾﵽȻˡ
ǲԽԽԭѹȥĲȫдϡ
κǬæ˿סǲʵ˴ǰ˵ġ
һϲһûаպûӡӣǴοʼ㳤˼ԣÿֵʱֻ࣬Ծܽǲʲѿ
µģȳԷ˵
棿ǲʺɵʵ
κǬͷȻġ
ʱκǬѾԺãȴûаҪ뿪ӣͶһԾĵĿǲʳ緹ʱʱļв˹ȥ
һʼǲʻϰߣȷʵҲøټƽϣ˵ĶԵ÷г
ϣδǲʿʲô£κǬѾóǲ
˵ֱִĺܣϸүʱôãžûжϵȥĺÿ
κǬ˵Ű˹ȥһүϵүĶҲȥļơ

ǲһʱ侹Ȼ֪һѣôϵҲϵͬСһΪ˸ᣬ˵ȥ˭ţ
ҪǼκǬСʱǸӣǲʶǰ˵׼ˡ
룬ǲʻǽӹúøϵȥ
ţˣǶɡ
̵ıκǬдֱˣŵӿһӣҿҲԼϵĵʲô𣬿ϵĸȴü٣ͷԼūŵҵ
˵ˣǲԼƲԼϵܱԵ˺ÿȥҪʣһ̧ͷȴƼѾߵſڡ
ûˣĪʵԽԽģʱͨҪϳүȳˣȥ㡣
ǲʣϵ˵ĳ극ҪĴ£
Īʣʲôϵȥ˿ɲô˵ģ
*
صӳ¸ǲʱ˯ͷɢͷͨ
ǲüͷ΢΢
УȴκǬıĪʸˡʱκǬ棬ֻҪκǬĪʱȻҲڣĪҪһЩ
ڹֻڸʱһΣʱֻʲôҪԪ˵κǬﵱܼңʾκǬΡ
ǲʵͷӦ½йŸһţͶһֺõЦﰲãūŰµķԸĿӣͷż죬ͷʲôԸҲøʡ
ͷǲмģٸս֪Ҫ٣ǲʻõµϲȻҪֵСġ
Ǹо˼ˣǲʹǲ٣Ҳֻ㵽ΪֹֻǸ檣ҪиģڶһҹģԺԼǲˡ
ǲʲôԸհãκǬˣʾá
Ĺ¶мͷǲȻǲ֪ģǲֻżȻӦ˴±úҲԼκǬæڸпʡЩġ
ͷء
ţȽǶ
ǲʰĿӷϲûп˶Ժ󣬲ʼ
Ŀڹ𣿡ʵ
ūűܵġ
ǲʷĿӣ˼˺ôһ̧۵¼Ȼ㣬˵ǸģҵǸսӴԺܴүѷĲźʡ
˻˵꣬һ
ǲʰı鿴иֻһԺŮ¶Ҳˣټһةฮ෱СͿ׹񣬶ѧЩ
еȻӱˣ˵˵ҲǷŵȵģκǬԼܼǹȨȻˣСžţ׵ġ
ЦЦеĿһǵ¼ȻԸҵ׻ҪѧЩʲôģѾĿ⡭ǲʿ¶ŷԸʮΪһޣÿʮһµĿ͵ǱߵĿ͹һΣǾΣ
ǰЩūŶֻڹӵ涼ټڹǰλ͵˲١
ǲţ˵ĵλ˵ϿĿȫɹ˹ԭȨǰĿû˲鿴ģǲֱӲ鿴Ŀڰ˹
¶ҪһĿȴǰ¶ĻᣬȻһȴû˿ġ
ģǶһĿܽй￴ס
ͷһػǹһӦɹĹ¶ȫӲȴŻ顣ȿ˿ڣҲ׷Ӧ˵á
Ψйһʱ䲻֪׸òøˡ
ԭиŶֹܼȨԺ󣬿϶ĿҪߣôһʱ䶨ᰲŲãʱʲôԼ˵лٽֻ
ڿȻǸˣȰȨҪ֣ŴȨԭǸ˵¶ƫƫͬʱ¶ĵλƺ⸮˽µȨϵֱûп֮
ܴүأŹβ˵ǲҲżͷĲӣд㡣
лҪ˵£ϳʱ䱻ˡ
Īʣү
£Īʲʱ䣡
Īʣȥ
*
ѽ~~~~½ǰͺ

 33 

ǲʲĿڽŵʲôòʵĵط˵ұϾҲͷһιкܶ಻ĵطҪĽ
ӳ¸ڳżֻ, ¸붼, ǲʶͷϸĸ첲Ϲϵȴ, ֻһκǬġ
һķԸǣūûκתת, ü״
ǱȰѲ죬ҿ˸, ǼµʲôĻҾ, úˡ
ǡ
Ǽ¶ĳͷһ˵ȫ, ҲһƽڹµĻЩηڼͷ, ˿׷״Ӧˡ
˹Ǳ⣬ǲһһѯƽܵ, ūСͷͷ, ͷ, ˵ȫͷβ
һӦ񽻴ԺѾʱ˽վŻһ绰, ǲʷԸ˼µС˹ȥο͡
һţڶǲκǬ˵ҪԼ˷һ, дȥҪЩϺõӸߣŸ˷棬˭֪ĹҪĶȫˡ
ôˣǲʲĿػԪ
Ԫƽӳ¸ȣȴҲ, Բϻźżæػ۾ԲɲǣūҲÿ죬˼֣ҪҲõãϻصϲŸŪء
ǲʿźʽϺõĻߣոиɹĹȫ˹Цȫ˵¶Ҳĺܡ
ԪٺЦתͷ⻰ԭⲻתͶСˣСְѻȫ
ȫĲۣӱԵС㰫һͷҲʮƽһ˫۾ȴת鶯˵Щڴͷ飬ʮ־ͨе˸¶Ļ
ڶǽС˻صĻһɢģ˿ǲǰĻ顣
ȫ磬Ҳû˵˭ȥĶΪɶܲ³ѽ
ȫŵ۾¶˿ⱿӻֻܸɸȵĻ
СҲգԴٺЦ˼ȫ˵ԵЩֲܣֻԺӳ¸¶Ƕϵľˡ
˵ȫŤͷȥԸҪȥĿˣ˹̬Ⱦ֪Ǹʲô˼޷ǾԺδĸ֦ӰûţȽǰֺðɡ
ȫţŤͷǰոɵͩԺѾӨ
ȫҿҵˡӨ˵žȫ½ǣĵⲻסͩԺ޷պöͷԭĴڲסɹĻţ˵Ҫߵɴøڴء
ڷö͵ȥ¶Ķȱ
ȫɫһ½Ҿ͹ܸɹҪȥⷿĶʡ
ˣⷿ˵û˽ȫء
ӨԭŷҵĹŮ֪еƣΧûˣ͵͵ȫһСЦŵ֪ڻδǵ£ɵָģȫи㡣
еӲÿȫʹ²˷Щŵ˵ﻰǶźӵūţҪʲôܷԸǣȻⷿû˻ͷҼǵϵ¸ٳŶȥ
¸£ӨЩżԲ۾¸¶˻Ҫɴɶãȫ磬˵ҪĶɾ͹ȥˡ
ȫĵʵѣֻԼԺ󻹵ԹֻýŵӨúͿѵ˶ǵԷԸģڱ˻Ҫǰÿ°ҪĶȥһȥɹĹȥ졣
ȫô˵꣬Өʱ׿˵ġҪʲôȱʲôȥĻȻźɹҲūţµĳ谮Բû̫ʧֻҪԼ֮¾С
ˣʵһʱ첻ɣֻøл˱ͩԺ
ͩԺӳ¸󣬽ǸһƬСյصĽԺ䡣
ӨĻػͷʯͷҧ˼˰ΣʵϴҾ˵ҪȥʰһֱҲûȥȥʲôʱȥӳ¸Ǳ㶫ȥʰ
еĲ̤ʱˣԭ뷴Ѿˣ²ôҲԼһۣʱԼúðջᣬ˵ܵ˵֪˵һˣкѹûһ
ȻûܲܿյһӰɣԼҪЩ취ġ
Өϵģﲢ̫ͬȴǵͷӦ
ɲ֪ǲүڸԣκǬԺջһδȥӳ¸
⼸ǲҲ˽ĿӣְиϵŪ٣Ҳ٣ÿ˾˷ӡ
κǬȻ˵ҪԼ˷棬ǱȻҪЩ𣬵ʱôܿةฮĻǸ⣬ָæһӡ
һճʱ˳С꣬ͣȻˬ٣ǲˮɱһʱȥ԰ߡ
ӳ¸Ѱ˵κǬô˸գɫӵĿſŵͷɷ
ЩæŴ̲¼ʱͷ컹ãǲʿܻȥ鷿ƣ漸κǬÿն̲ס鷿ǲʽջ᲻̲˸ˣȴ˸գ
ԭԼﲢûʮҪпޡ
ĪںԼүϾҪϽһŵʵȥĶˣ
ŵͱκǬ˵ɫŵù˵ϣϽŴ﷽ȥ԰⼸չæŴǿŽˬȥ԰ɢɢ
κǬȻԼѹܼȨǲʡ
ŵū֪ƢֻжԽæֽŵūţūȥѹл
˭ȥˣκǬ鵭԰Ķҹȥơ
ŸæӵκǬȥѰˣǸս԰ӾЦκǬֻͲµǲʡ
˼Ƽǲһµ°ɫȹǧţʱʱЦӯӯѾ̸߽ʲôĿŵĽյǧܵİڶҡҷš
κǬԶվȴǰĪҲҴţ;
ֹãǧϵļɫ˰Һ죬ͣڶţ̺Ĵᴭ
κǬãʱŻ˹ȥʱɫѾ࣬üľˣ
ǲֻǧ˵˵СվˣκǬ͵վŤͷƼ˲ðؿڵôȻæˣ
κǬɫԹĵٲҪˡ
лҪ˵ǲʣ쿴Ŀ
£ûϱĵһ
ǲʣ
С壺ߣûϱĵڶ

ǲʣǧ
С壨ԹQAQ

 34 

һϸˬ֪࣬ǷԵ, ǲʺȻ̵, ʮѵԳЩ
κǬķ԰ӲǿԼȥ, ɫȿȡ⼸սָӦ𣿡
йܼҸ°ţҲáǲش, ˼Ƭֽŵ˵⼸æ˵͢ҪҲҪע塣
⻰ȵˬķһ㴵κǬؿ, ͷϸǰ, ҪƽĿͷ, ˿յĲ죬ǰҵȵı̼֮ʧӰ١
ɫԽͰ, ԰㲻, ƽǾֻܴͷȥЩϷӽ, ˵ͷһ˵˵ļ, ר˵, ٻүЩרϡ
κǬ任֮ŵĿС˶סˣһԵĪȴֱͷۡ
ЩĪӷԸȥһةฮ, ټκǬ̽˴¶ٵĲ³ǰλʵݡ
ǰҵԽżǵֻͼһЦϹŵȴ֪Ϸӻ˵ĵҪæϼȥƺˡ
ǲȻҲЩֻκǬһʱ˲ŵģͷ̲ס˼
񽥽˷, ˵ȥĻóȥˮôأͷҪмϷӹ¿ɲڡ
κǬЦʳָǲʵĶͷϣһԣ˵ǾţүҲа취ȫ
⻰ǲ۾͵һδµĻڲκǬȷеĳŵŵʱ˷ˣ˵Ѿ˻ү˽ǡ
ǲʣ
֪ûô򵥣ǲ̧ͷκǬϵЦɫ޷޵ĺһ˵Լڳȥʵڲȫɸղ껹Ǳ˿ϣģ̲סЩй
˸˼ΨһһľԱߵĪʣ̾õ˺֣ȻԼĹҪӲ֪ٱˡ
κǬǲ¶ľɥɫһȥдţϾ͵ԺݿεˣһȥдŹһۿ֡
κǬеġȻ˷ǲʵԲ۾ϲѵĵģҿд𣿡
ţҲҡ
ǲʼֱҪΪκǬĹƣ˷èͣСԴﾻЩƤ¶κǬֱȥƭֳָʲô
ȥдһ˸͹ȥ
κǬȴҡҡͷĵǶ鷳ֱӸȥ鷿д
˵ʮɫûʲôԾĵطǲҲΪżҪãûľ͵˵ͷ
κǬ鷿һ˾ͿԽģźҲֻһҪ
鷿Ժ󣬼Χûˣǲ·Ѱֽ˱ʡ
˵ˣǸݵ⹫ѧģúõСӲдʮִ˵ϸȫϤȴǲʵԸʸΪ
κǬ֪ʱѾƵǲʵۿŵ͵ƾ˷ϵó𣿡
ǲʵʵش𣺡ϲ

ⲻûдġǲЦдһ仰ŷĩβֵֻĹ͹
ǲʵдúãƽһݴɻȴʵ׾ӡȸŵĶ䣬κǬЩϲֻ
ǲʺòװС˸״ֽСϵī㣬κǬίʵЩͷûסֹҵǿóֻֻҵī㣬⹷Ҫûˡ
ͳģǲЦ۾Ҹ˷ĹĹ죬ëһİߵ㣬˷Сʱģ͵͵߶ˣûб֪
ǲֽϵһīľ˿ŵ˷֪
ɰЦ⣬κǬ㣬æһκǬĿǰˣģѻڴ¡
κǬӹֽɨͷݣżµİ֪޹صˣҪ½
һСͯܰʲôҪ£˵
ǲ¶סջֽСҲǽ仰ģûԵġ
κǬһ¾⻰е飬ɫЩ˲˲ãҶ㵽ֵزˣʲôбҪҵģ
ǡǲŤŲֱκǬ
ʵ治ʲô£ƽôˣԲ鷳¡
鷳κǬһŵ鷳Ͱ㶪޸ʲôȥ
ǲʴָڨڨ˵꣬ᡣ
ԭȸ״ݻԺȥȥʥ¶ԼĻ£ҪеԵɵģô˵ҲӴͻ飬ܲܺö˶˵˻顣
⼸ǲ˼ȥ뵽˸ӣ¥Ժǲ͢˽Խģ˷취ϵͬˣ˽͵취ϸ.˵оϲ׳е£ЩȵİҥɢȥЧ
ɢҥԲʲôѰ飬˷Ͳϲָİ׵ˣһǲٶһ¶鷳κǬԼ취ʵôӣ˵κǬЦ
κǬǲᣬҲǰǿȥ˵ɴԹԵʱʲô¸˷˵ĪʹȥžǣԼҲ֪
ǲʼκǬȻԹԵȥͷԽû˵
ʵǴ£κǬˣԼǺãʱƲԼ˷ȫǰ
˼ãǲʻǿ˿ڣʲô£ֻ˵˵¿ɲЦ
šκǬҲ̧ͷȥֻӦ
ǲŰķһһʮ˵κǬûгЦο͢иH¶ˣⲢʲôҸ㾹Ȼ񡣡
˵ҲةѧǲʾǺȻڻ飬Ҳûһˡû¶һͷϣֻǷҥԣҲԴ
ǲһ뵽ʱѾıŰԼҵδͱˢһɶ
Ҳ鷳ƽֻûɡûĻص
κǬĹĵЦҲδƽֻǾⷨȻϧȴ̫
ʲô˼
ҥô˵ةʥϣΨʵʵ֤ݰڳŸ˵һ㻹̫ģǲʣҲûŵֻ뵽ҥɢȥôֲǳصģʱ鵽˷ͷָΣ
лҪ˵С壺˱ߡ
ǲʣ~
ĪQAQ£ūŸôЩ꣬ūŰ

 35 

ⷬһ㣬ǲź֪ķԼ©, ȷ, ǲ鵽˷ϣԼָ, Σ
κǬ¶ݣǲ, ̾˿κǬŵ㾡ܷȥ˷, µʱء
ԴǲԼʱǿ, ѾԼΪҫ۵Ĵ, ǹվ̫ЦĵŮӣͬǸյ, ڱ渻ݵĻʹץסԼְŴݡ
Щ˽µۻֶΣѾմˡ
ǲ־ϲ, ˵Ҫ, ҪѰĻҲ̫, ˵ȸ׻ȥһ˵
Ѱ졣κǬ, ۾˿ŵϾǸҲĽ
ǲʴݻ, Լǲʱʹ¾ĲסȥʱѾ볯ãѾմȾ࣬ôԸСʱסԼ
ֻˣصԼôĵط, ֻҪԼŬŬֻԼ֣ůһһԼ˸Լôܻٷ֡
ǲ˵ףԭˣȻҵκǬǰԼʶ˲壬ǸĵĸĺǸûʲôɫġ
ϲô˵Ҳ˵£ǵ¸ͬ飬¼ܳ˳һѡ
κǬֺֺЦԼ񣬻ΪǲʴǰҪԼǰеģôͷûϵһ
κǬֵŪ˼ⱳȥƿҲǷҪʱģʵԭбļƻΪĳŲòǰ֡
׻˵ΪǿôȻ㣬϶ģʱ֪ԹһǰٶԵʲô㲻Ǿͱˡҿҿʱ䶯־ͦá
κǬԽЦ֪Լ˼ϴڹǰԼɫû׹ԭ򣬿»ڼôˡ
ǲ˸ɫһȻһȹ毺ð𪣬˼ŵСģŸΪǲʻֻԼεĺܺãȴ֪ڱͷͱ˼
ǲڿԽ˵ԼκǬסûеתת۾˵Ҳֵֻǡ
ֻʲôǲֺֻȻڣæ׷ʡ
߽ǲʽ۵Ĵϣ΢΢𣬵ֻ¹ǲû˷޵
ϢţǲֻĿͬʱʮ̫Űȣų˼ֻڡ
ֻʶ㿪κǬߣ˼ҵĵ㣬Ϲ˵ͷɻͷС죡
κǬ˵귽ŵĻԼֻϻԹ򶨡һΰص˵ڣԼԼˡ
΢˶٣Լĺ˿ĭЩɵģŵС죬ϴҵȥǺˡ
ǲʲֻʲͷŤ˹ȥκǬתְֻһۣͷ̲ס˽
ǲļѾͿ˲ĺΣ֪Ǳŵǹڽţۿ΢΢ź죬С¹Ļֲ֪̿롣
κǬ˫һͷȻײһ˿⣬ɤǿԼͷŤȥ
֮±Ϲ˵ǡǲԴԹ
ϵĳ콥Щѻʵϴε¿ɻ𣿡
κǬѹסͷů⣬Щ٣һ
ȻˡǲüۼЦڸ˷ӣЩ׹л°ɡ
κǬѾĲˮͷҲá
ǲ˺һκǬ׹׹ҪɵĶ࣬ķΧԼӰ죬û뵽ôָӵĻᡣ
׹һ뵽գκǬǲԾıźĪʿòΪԼճȥϢдʲôأ̿˺һ
*
ǲʻصӳ¸дŻɫӽȥȫ󣬾ͷͨ¿Ҫ磬ͷ׵ЩúţԼٹȥ
ɳȥԪδ߳ȥͷ˵ĽŲѾҪˡ
أʰˡ
õУǲüͷ΢šܾͽֱӽˣɷһһʵЩȣԸԪĪ㻹ȥõš
ԪӦȥǲʲű߻·ʴǰ̧
СĿǲʵɫţסڱͩԺ
ͩԺӳ¸ǰԺ԰ҲƽҲûʲôȥԺǲէȴ֪ںδ
ںԺū˵ҲûԸǹаŵסˣǵض̫ƫƧ߹Ҳĺܡ͵
ѾǲЦҲΪˣĻͰܹʰ
ϸ°ڣƲƲ죺ʰʲôʱãƫƫǿ·
ǲʣȻʰܵҪģ˵дôԵ֣˵滹մϵף߰ɣȥ
üԺǲоͶ϶ԼСŮûʲôմˣԲԷ̣ȴǸ׼˹
ǲʹЦվʮܵĸ㡣
ǲʼ˱ҲûΪѵ˼ͷӦһ£ּ߹Щϸ˰ɢıŲЩ
ֹأ˶檣ǲҪġǲʾκǬʱ򶼲ܵЩӾе˶Ѿϰ˵¶ĳ硣
Щȴ֪飬ǲʲûжΪͱ÷ۣŲΪԼҫ衣
΢΢ͷԼеĶʻԭӦʰģֻǸӱЩãôãЩ񣬶ǴǰڹµģĪҪ
ϸ˵̧ͷĿǲʣɫȹӭ硣
ʲôùģҾ֪ӲˬȻͨ
ԼĸҽͨǸǿģֻҪͨǹȥ
ϲ㲻̫ˣǰƵĲֻ꣬ЩѾûд󰭡
ǲʼһֱֵַģֻӰˣҲǸˣͷԺвʼʱͨܲܰȺҽ
ǵĿϸеķ֧ĪʾҽĸߣиССֵÿʸȥҲôǸò¡
ÿ뵽Լ˵񣬻ֻҫԼĶ裬ɫ鲻Խ˼֡
лҪ˵С壺Сİﻰ˵ˣ

 36 

˿£бͷȴû˿ˬ, ԭڹڼЩ, һݣ˵ͷ˰, ˵Ƕѣϵȵӡ
߲ǾΪ, µĿʽʱͷﶼõ֣ƶ񴩵, ǽճ¿ʽ
ɫڳ, ￴Ϊˬ, Ϊᱡɣ˿֯ɣ˫Ь϶Ƕµ
ٵͷԼϻڹʱ͵Ķ֯, ʱȵͬѾͷ
檣ȻҲʹ͵, Խɬ, ԭ˶ĵ¾Ȼһá
Ǻÿͬδ, ڵ͸©Щ
ǼȻ˵ľʰһĻ, ǲʴǰμ԰λʱҲõĽ̸ۣ۾Ҫ嵽, ģ޲õѸ
ǲ仰⣬ֻúЦЦ㲻úÿֻǴЩŻȥġ
ʱ˵¿ֻ˵עص, ʽҲһ㣬ѵõɣ˿֯ĴЩǲʸղžȲŽдϵġ
˵ŻԪſ̽ͷ̽ԵĽǱ߶˵һ緹ء
κǬƽʱ˲ڸæŴ⣬ʱʱǲԶٷҲԵ飬һ㶼ǳ뿪ˡ
κǬѵڸǲϵҲûбֳȵɫлϲĲˣԼһˣˡ
Ԫճȥһͷͨ
κǬС˴ǲŲֱ˽վʰ
ԭǿϷŵǲʽţѹûע⵽Ա߻˸ˡ
ôͻȻκǬע⵽תͷҲûһۣǲʵʲô
΢΢ԭ⼸ûԼȴܼǵ
ǻδǲʿڣһʰҲЩˣû뵽ǡϵ¡
һ˵һ߽ߵ̧ͷۺκǬϲ֪ʱϲҺ졣
ôһϣκǬ΢΢Щתۿ˿̬ȻҲ䵽κǬ
ʵɫҲǲģü֮ˣѰѾͷϵȣǲκǬѡ˵ڹһиϣСҲ˵
ҲΪڲٹɫϵȣһձʥϿУű˳Ҳ˵
κǬǰպȴûаֶݣüͷһǲʵ˵˵Ҳǽˣʲôأ
κǬһִ˵ʱЩҲס뻹סӲϲ˻ȥ
ǲʣЩҵĻ⣬Ҳûʲô
ǲһһصЩ·ǲΪֻǲ֪ΪεǣκǬԼ鷿ûһĹҲ뷽Ųͬѡ
ǲע⵽ŵĳѾ˻ӳ̲סȤŻ˵أһҲͷעˡ
һ˵κǬȴ֪ôɫ˱䣬Ƿдѿջ̵ȣȻѰ
˵תȥϵĲˮһʲô
κǬķӦǲʵϣôһ仰ƽʱǰ±úȻߣ
κǬӦΪǲѳԼݣ˸²ϲЦֻ
Ī㣬ֻһ˵˵µݡĻȿǲְԷ𱰣ͬʱԵԼ硣
κǬ˿̸û뵽ô࣬鷿̲ѣѾѿһˣֻסԼɫǲƳס
ǲֻǸŮӣ벻Ǵȥģɻ󵫼κǬżΣҲ׷ȥ
뻻˸ʵ˵Ķˣ
ԭκǬ˷𣬿ϰҲûǲʻһ糣Լ˵ϲʧһɶ
ǿЦЦֿһϵЬаԳջûпڣȻչЦ˵ѺÿأɰȻֵõģܵõϧǸð
ǱˣǲϵģסſҲ»ո˵ĲˣⷬάÿŮ˶ġ
ǲȴ΢΢ЩܿͻعЦ˵Щ滰Ӧȥ
ʱѾʱˣ˵ôһʱˣﻹûаߵ˼ֻǰʵĲʳǣ
˱Ͳ죬ӲҪһȵģǲʸ˵ôõĻҲЩƣ룬̧ϰĲˮ˵ӻǸõʱˡ
ν˲ͿͣЩɫĶʲô˼
ʱЩżκǬ˼ûаԼϹ֪޹һֲ֪Ҫȵʱ
ֻúƤװһӣĲ豭ͬ˿ڣѽ˵ʱÿ졣
ֻһһܽ¶࿴ԼҲǺõġ
ƤװоǲЩ⣬ϵķҲ࣬ô˼ŶԼһˣԼʱӲҪߣδԵÿ̱Щ
ǲʱֵȥ·ȵĻţɴ緹ٻذɡ
͵仰أæӦþʹˡ
ȲδκǬӣǲʱѾȲļźŹź
󾪣ǵµŮˣڵǰҲ㲻ӣ»δô֡
ǲǶ˹أ
κǬҲǲʿ϶ǶˣСŰź֭ˮ˳Ǹ¶һ˿ͱ˻ȥȻÿ˳ԷԭҲȤ
ôţϱ㲻Ծּеһ飬ǲʹȫ˿ϣȲּСڳ
κǬιʳĿִ֣˲ƣ̵¶
һŵŵ˵ȴſ֣𾪵κǬûаջ˼ûⷽʮִ󲻾ΪĿǲʳԷӼ˿۵ź͵˶С
¾ĳ谮
ôӣǲθڣǲʳԷĿյûжʵ
ǲʣֽߵĿһκǬϸ»δء
ǲʣţû𣿡
ôоѾκǬźŹ˺üˣ
š˸ǹ˺ܴſڵţֻнڳԡ
ȿȿȡǲʱôһ˵ǸԻ㣬ע⵽κǬлɸɾģ֡
лҪ˵С壺Īʣȥүϴ
ĪʡʪĿӡ

 37 

κǬŶСųʳɷǿɰȻͼСɾµķ۴Ȼͣ, ƺǱǺȴ, Щ졣
ǰĸѾͷ˵ֻ˿ʵȴԸĺԺ, ֻǼһֱûжֱ˵ˣôܽ
ιʳоô, κǬ¿ӱҪѵֻǻδھͱˡ
յĲ˿ǲϵθڣǲκǬпտ, ֻûθڲһֱӡ
дɻĵɫ, ֮Ա, κǬһĲ죬, ųԾĪҪҡ
ǲְֵֿκǬ˿۵ź, ߴŵǿЩ, ˵ȿɹҲ, ʱûԭζˡ
۵źڼڸ, κǬȴȷŸЩ㡣
ǱεĿǽ˰Ƕ˸룬ԭſֵĺת˲㱻̤˹ȵ, ΣֻɫһƬҡ
κǬ˿ӣӼһԣӱĳΪչǲʵĿζ˲˪źۣζŨһЩ
ֻһڱʲȥ, Ŀڸ﷭˲ݼһ黹൫Բɾ»ӡ֮ǿųһ顣
ֻһ˱ˣǿֳ˱ģٴζͲϲǣһӲ˳ҲĲûзǡٷԵĲͷܣ
κǬȴϰǲķ˿ζټϽǲʾȻʱʱв˸θڱƽ࣬κǬʮ⣬еĲϲ֮Ӳ͸©һǰֻÿζӶһСһСļС
κǬУǲʱʵе̬жӡֻ˼֡
Ȼ֪κǬжۣȳ극Ժ˲裬ǲԵκԹɵĿ޵ĲʳþζҲá
䣬κǬĵоҾû
κǬԳϵҲסˣǺԺƤֻʽ͵ƽʱʳͲġ
ͷ⻹źĴӨκǬ㲻ĵ泰ӨΪȻҲҲסŴҶģȷûôӣټƽźȻ֪˵ԼʳСǻѻ
ӨĴвЩɬ
ԭȶһֵ¸ɻģôѡźľͲԼأǰǴ̫ķֱ𣬿ٿµĴ綼߳ԼüȼҲȴǰ˷ִݡʵɸı䣬ӨҲֻܿ̾Լûк̾ˡ
ô泰ʹٺƤվǸңҲʼջڽƱʲô˼ձΪκǬǰ¶¶Ҫѭ򽥽ģǿȥֻǵ·ȵ㵽ΪֹԺȻеǻᣬֻҪУܲܲɡ
նлд´ν˾Ž˵˵ȸˡ
κǬĻǲҲڶֻųԷû벻ͨκǬôȻŪ֪Ǿûסˣдȥ
κǬҪ뿪žЩɫˣˣκǬ״Ŀڵվĩߢ԰԰λүӡ
ǲеʹٿ԰λᰡ¿Ҫȥμӣ
ܾС¹ȻκǬУɻǲΪֻһ仰ֵɫѲǺԼҪȥ
κǬ⣬㵭ĵֵطǰүȥֻο²òҪȥһˣյ԰λǡҲ˷ݿεʱ䣬ʱȥҲԵȻЩһҲҪͬȥ
ûˣƽ˷ҪȥԺģֻǼղпУߢ԰úܣʱѰû˵ĵطױܼҲ˻ɣֻǡ
ǲǿĵʱŮҲҪȥӦûףûбķӿԼġ
ûСκǬ˶ٵ⼸գ˷ҪȥԺԺڹ䱸ɭϣѰ˸ûа취ֻһչȥ
ǲ˺þãɫߢ԰ϻһ࣬¶˾ģãҸȥǡ
кȻļκǬۣǰ֪ʲôСôӵβ͵èѲ±ϳץȥܴͻʥּ
κǬ̲סοĪҪ£ʱαװԵСˣϳ㣬ϳˣ˶ġ
ǲʵ˼ǲҲĽͣȫԼģͷţġ
κǬɫȸղźһЩȴµӣǰǲʵļ򣬰οأĪҪô຦ˣ̲Щ¶ҵȥһ˸Щ͹ǵúˡ
ɼκǬһаЩκǬߺ̲סǰ¡
԰λǾлҹǾֵطÿһεص㶼̫ͬ⣬޷ǾǾеŮǴյһĲ軰ᡣ
ߢ԰԰λȴǲʼΪ̵һΣһĴʱʥϵĴͻʥּѾˣΪ԰λܼĴãһյ԰λϣֻ˵仰ûӰٳʱǱûҵĵŮһͬġǶ˵Цߵʮ׽ͯŮ䣬ԼԶԶͬˣпǲڿʱгŪ⡣
ʱѾԼ˼ɵ׽ǵ˶ָָ㣬ȴǺһȥЩΪ绤ֻǱùϵ
ֱԽԽףоøʱֵ˲ŷ׷׹ܣʱǲΪԼάתͷȴ뷽վһԼдӶ
ʱһԼģ̫ŵȴû뵽ΪʲôԼδޣȴԼ˵һ仰ֻվһԹۣҲûиԼ͹еĹϵ
¹㱻ҹСݺݳЦһֻеʱԼõŻοԼ
ʱΪĵĺѣȴ뵽ֻҲӣǲʽֻ̰ͼǲʵļλúٻӣةฮԺŻԴıץԼ˷ȥ
ǲԼ۹治һǰĲȫϹ۾ȥ˵ģҺú˶Լ侮ʯʱѾϵλκǬָŹԼö˵Լ˭ǿɿЩˣҺԼػһлᲹĸܵܣҺãҺá


 38 

תۼ㵽԰λգκǬһ˵ӳ¸˼ѰС˵ѡ
ĪŲ۵ɫ, , ǲʱϸвûкʱͬκǬȥ˰ճߴµ, ĪźôЩˣҲδѵġ
ȡ˽ȥǲʻϺ, Ȼʮֺٰǧ˿ͷ, ͨŹЩС˵ģ, ֻͷ, С˵ǱȱĶҪ׾ׯԵı, ǹӸˡ
ǲҲžת˸Ȧҿ, ˵СǲЩ̫, Ǹˡ
ЦΪﱾǸﰡ, ܴ·ʮʮˡ
ǲʵĽѻǲ, ױ̨ϵ۶ͭϸһԭԶɽüĴ, ü崦˼ʡ
ԺǲʸǲǾԵôࣿ
ڴֿüëټǲӡԼҹɰȴûסЦȷʵЩ˵˼ˣüëīţҲǸεСˡ
ֻЩ񰡡ǲЦ, һ￴ͭԼ취
񡭡촽Щ죬ͿЩ۸Ǹǰɡ
񡭡Щףûлɫ֬۰
īǲжε԰ίʵŵĺܣһԼеĹС㳰Ц˸飬Լ˺ܴӰεͷȥˣЩڴǰԼܵĺѡ
ĪһֱţκǬԸһӾҪ˴ȥģͷĻͷҲ˲٣ǲ֪ô̲סοʵ̫ģԺһеѾ׵ˣԭҹȥʱ㲢ͬ»ʱ䣬ٵʱȥҵһϲ˶ĵط˻ɵġ
ǲֿѾûа취ڵݣֻЭĸĪʹȥ
һκǬѾ׼Ĳˣǲʹ̧ͷǲϻĻڵʱûסЦ˳
ϷȥκǬǿסЦ⣬ȴ΢΢
ǲʷӦ˵Լϵױݣһۣ±ϳ
ǲϻ߰ȴɻ¶ԭòǸ浱СҲǼΪһࡣ
κǬѹסЦ⣬ȡЯǲʲ촽ɫְۣ֬ЩֵɫҲһһȥ¶ԭģ
ֻüëɣһЩС˶ѣᱻƳġ
ֻˣǲǵǣɣҲȥʱһ¶ھˡ
κǬĲõǲһۣ֬Ц̫ӶȻȥ
ǲϴ̫ӶʶλĹǸӴǲʶӡܺá
ЩϲĳӦȥõģ̫ˣ
ˣοǸòһȵŮ̫޷Ǿҫ
ǲɫסǸ˳ЩմֻǵϡȱЩרū
ϴӴǲʱþˣҲһѪǸˣĹɱЩòȴ˼ݶ˺̫ࡣ
̫Ӵȥֻ̫ǰʱضҪЩHǲЩһλĹﱻ۸ԼǸˣҲ޿κΡ
*
ߢ԰жξ룬κǬҡҡλθϵʱͷѾͣһеĽ廪
ǲ˳κǬ⿴Īʡ
ԭĪ˹ţʱκǬٹĪ΢ĵͷʾºһųȥ
ǲϱӹߢ԰ļУȫЩټСǳЩµ԰־ɫѾǲ
ͷȥȴס͵ܡԭߢ԰űһµļɽʯװΰǰûע⵽
߼ｻ죬κǬҲʱͣס˽Ųֻüͷʯͷšһоᷳɫ
԰вͣ߶źС֪λǸϲŭӵ£ִϲ徲κǬϵᷳСĵǰֺá
£ߢ԰ͷͤȥǸͤˡ
С˼Ϊ˵ĻҲϲκǬ΢΢ͷʾ⣬·ȥ
˿ǲҲκǬ粽룬ĪԽ԰ӱûӰκǬҲֻԼ
С˴κǬһ·ȥȻһͤ޵ɷǾ£ټǰֺԺϪˮԵø
κǬᷳɢЩƺ⴦С˼⣬ȥЩĲˮʯϣʱš
ǲǸСˣȻκǬһ裬ֻܵԴСԶԶվͤͷ
С˱ͻãκǬЩбɿ첻٣վŵǲʾͲͷ͵ˣ̲סȤ
ֵܣźˡСĴյ
ǲȻ䱻ֵЩӦĻȴʮֺκǬһȻ֪κǬԺ췴ɹ˶ϻλһʥּʼնκǬΡ
̲סʵʵãôĴô
ǲ˵ʱ΢΢̧ͷε¶룬СԭֻƤ׾Щ̧ͷŷǰŨü۵ʮֺÿǱߢ԰ﳪĹﻹҪࡣ
ֻĿδ죬С˾Щ˼ŵĻȥ˴롣
ССֵôĸŮ˰ˮ飿
ǲһּæͷȥЩѹɳɤӵӱѰ˵ЩҲǸ˵ң
ˣС˸æҾһ˵ٺ٣˾û˼ˡ
ҪҲգ͸˵˵ͷ˶ô̸µġ
վͤЩ룬˵ֻҪǾģ˽ͷӶӻκǬԭĺת˲
Ҹ˵ǰǺֵ԰λ¶μӣֻ̫ӣǸٺĲˣ˭ЦģӻǸޣΨӣǿǻ׿˵Ѷģ˵̫࣬СտС̫ǰ궼ִ
ִǲʾס
˲ǲȴףκǬСûٱͷЩ۵̫۸ʮ¹٣ɵǺ޳ʲôְ˴
ɲǣСΪţָֻŵĲ˵ЩǶǹˣ˭ԸΪ˸ūŶմȾѪ治ҿһֵǾڻʹۼ̫౻̧˳һõضûˡ
С˵ʮ棬κǬʱɢĿ־Ҳü٣ɾǲԾɾκǬ´˺ֱضԼԵʡ
ȻЩκǬԼദʱ˵ЩŵĻ٩Լվǰǲʾ;ãκǬһ˿аԼϲŭˡ


 39 

С˼ǲԾһÿɷɫ̲סѼƽյСЩ΢, ҪǺõ, ˵Ǿ仰û˵þ֮֡
ͤκǬû˵ĻȴһֱͷӶģԽķ, һҲˣôͻˣ
κǬֱߵеĵһû, üͷšһصĿȴһԵŭЩԹ
ǲæعͷȥ, ֻɫΪĴСʱʱԼһ, ЩĪ
ԱߵС˼״Ȼŵȶɸ, ﲻͣ߶ţԼղ˵ʲôţ˵ʲôţѶԼֻС, ô˻źأµɫָˣˣ
Сŵͷ̧, ȴǲͬ°кηԸ
ͷ˿ͷ, һŽεȫ۵, κǬɫС
ǲʣ
Уֻһ򵥵ִκǬＷ, ǲЩЦЩãԼô½ӻСźǼ, ⴧĦӵ˼Ͳ֪ҪĶ
ҲֱѯκǬֻӲͷƤĵģʯϵĵĲˮûڨЦŵ¾õĲθڻǲˣūͽ˸»ȥ
κǬ
С˼κǬֻǲ˵, ΪûԼ鲻̾˿κǬҪǲʹȥΪҪѵˣͷԼĿЩģ̧ͷĿ˿ǲʣʼûе˵ġ
ǲʲ⵫ҲɵĽͤӡ
£
κǬɫƿǲϵԻ󣬵ɡ
ֻǸūһǲʸæŵ򲻿ɰūŲңǲʱ˵ڱ˿ĽǶʹκǬʹɫд˵ǡ
ŲңκǬɫȷ˼֣ѲˡվŶԸүһ飿
ĻƽѲٸһˣǲʲ֪κǬȻʲô磬ȴֲҷֻ£ֻϲ˼ί
ǲʻɵκǬɫȥһЩЩίﵽ׻ǹⲻȥǵߢ԰㲻Ҳϵȵģǵĵȴһ㳢
ǲ첻ص˿ĳһСһСڳԵļΪ棬ҧȥʱҲԵĲǵĶõ
һĹеĵľ¶˴룬κǬŻӻֽ˰Ѷȥ
ҶתתǶȥɡκǬԸ
Ļ˵ߢ԰еһӦСˣûǲʲô£ǲĿŷԼ̸СˣֻĻһʼĻ龢ͷҴĹ˹̡
һӦ˵ȶȥԺǲѸղŵ¶ʸͼĪʲ֪ĸڶȻ˳Ͼɫ
ǲһ˲Եıʵʲô׵ģ
Īҡҡͷصһаźˣһ˳ǰС·ȥһ仹δĿͷСүšֻǷūŹʱǱҵλСҪȥ֪᲻װϡ
ţǲ΢΢һ
ةǸ޵Ĵͳˣǲʵĸ׼Ϊ˼вûңŵĸȴǸ˲ͬġ
鵱ԭƽּҵĶ˵Ļŵ˶˵øɻֻּ꣬Ҷﻳʱ龹Ȼ˷ͷҡ
еķΪ໳źӣȴĹεĸɳʱ޲ǸˣֶС˵ʱѾ̥£ܸɳȥլ׽ˣƼһʵŭĻ˹ȥ
ֶС㱻ؼҺ㷢ΪټŭƽӹҽƴһҽҲܾ¸еĺĴӡ
¹˶鲻ҲЩʹ֪֪ʲôԻҩӸո£㽫ӭȢ˼ңһһк㽫̧Ϊ
µĺӣǴǰǲʽõţֻϧûñ»ĸŮҲӣҲõȥ
Ī˵ҵλС㣬˵ı۰λҵŮ褡
ֻǡ
ǲϸһߢ԰飬ʱڼҲӳԼûУΪԼãһͬԸġ
ʱǲյûдΪԼܶύȨӣȥԸԼҲͬģǺƤȥ褵Ĵȡ
˵ĸˮܵŵĸףҲ˼ĸ׵ĸͬСʱԼôû׸Ƶĳأ
ôˣκǬԭΪҪ˷˷ܵɫȻЩ䣬㿪ʵ
ǲǿЦЦû£ˣҪôȥ᲻ҵλﶼҼ档
ϾɫκǬοĸǲʵͷһͬȥǣʱ˵ͷǡ
ɲ˵̫ӽҲˣǲȥŻ᲻᲻ʡ
ǲΪԼ룬κǬɫºЩųݵ¶ǷҸ飬ԲΪ¶߰ɡ
˳С·ȥǲಽͷţҵñϳ
ͻȻκǬפͣǲֻŵͷ·ûпһͷײȥӸ߸պײϺ󱳵ĺǣĵǲŶЩʹˡ
κǬعЦţұǼˣֱӵͷ߽ȥǣ㡣
㵽ضˣټҲû˿ǰм仹δɺõӣֻұǼװ˵񻨵ľš
ǲʳκǬͷŲɿĳǼȥ
񻨵ľȻװϿȻδȫɺãֻЩŵŵľζ»Щľмδɾ
Ųƿ߽ȥͷֻм򵥵ļΰʣǡǲüͷһ۾ܿ꣬ô˷ȴûڣ
СİŹϣҪſںˣͼʺȻĳ˸ߵĺӰǲʾõɫһȴϤİ
ˣ
ǲʾϤΪһĸͬ׵ĵܵܣİȻ˷ԣֻʮûɶǲ˵˷·Ѿˡ
˴ǰΪ׺˷Сϲּ֣򵥵Ĵֶ緢̫Σһȴû۾Ų֪Ѿա
˷ζʱˣССŹȥָǲϵˮ
㲻ްҲǹҪŻġ
ССֺҲȴȴҲʮֵᣬǲԾɱ۾ǽƤҲԣ㣬ҺòĪҪˡ


 40 £һ

ǲʱǸӼΪ۰Լ׵ܣ˴ǰֹ˵, δƽʱϸ֦ĩڵСºǲΪеĳҲδܹһί, ة˻Ȱ˷ΪСӺӦ㣬Ժ󳤴ƴǰ̽Ųڷұ۸
˾˷ƤȴǸзִ, ȻҲҪӵ۰㡣
һΰȴͬ, ûаԼקݺԼգҲûйľԼѵ, ˡ
˷ͬվ˰Ĳ֪վǰǲʸǰ, ƽպܻ˽С˴˿ֵĽȴһ仰˵ˡ
δ, ǲǰѾϰԼЦˣǰıŵˣ˷вͣԹԼΪηִ֪磬ӦùԹǶŰͺ˰
Խǽ, ˷Խ֪Ǻãͨ˿üͷ͵ҪҲſ޳һ, ðβԥĿڵ, ˷ˡ
ǲѾ, ֻͷ, ˷ںԼĸһӿͷ, ӺͮͮĦ˷ְ§ڻ
˷£ûǰ㲻ԣˡ
һ˵һ˷ĺ󱳣ڰοҲͬڰοԼ
ԼϹ۾ǲľ, Һûˣһж
˷űǲʵŵòҿֱȻ§Ϥζо˲
ֻȴǻǸӣһȥľҲЩίľҪſ밢ĻӲǱ˻ȥĵңҲµģ϶ҸղŰ˲Żаա
ȻǺĻȴǲů⣬̧ͷӰϲϸϸ˷һ˷ͷ
ûУûңòĽûܿƺã㡣
˷Ǹӣǲʺ࣬ŵĻŴ˿̱ȥһ룺Ҳ밢أ´ΰȥǶȥǧҪңֻʲô˵ʵͲµˡϡ棬ôôüëҲܳô
ǲʷſ޵Щ΢΢죬һװҲڸǲòΨʱԼĿüԲ
ɵСӣۻģǲЦ˳
˷ԭҪģǲչ¶Ц˿
˵˷ҲŰȥ֣ԴСûֿ׻˼һЩȦסǲʵĸ첲ֱϲ˲֪֪ˣôÿ
һܣڳȴƣǲةˣ˷ȴûнϵֻĸףĵطةƼˣǲ븸ĸ
˴˷Ķͷ𣡸ĸأЩûš
ԼЩӲةฮҲȥĸţ뵽ҪΪԼģ
ûС˷ҡҡԴֽ˴ˮǵż۸Ҫ⣬һɲͳȥˣˮ֮ǰյ׵һţ˵ǽڼҪһЩнĹǾ۵ʱ򲻱ںǮԼС
й峯ҵĹǰûżһ𣬵ӽȻЩǲŮÿµҲ͸չ֬۵ĻЩӵĹֳϳʱܻԵЩᣬǲʼŵ۰ֻ¸ǲʵĶã
ǲۿӱΪԼܵ
Ŷ˰㣬ҲΣ˵Ӳʣˡ
˵ЩǲǰԼƣѺÿǲʵϰѣԼĶʱʱЩǴλԼûôĳִ
ʱ游͸ǲʵģÿԼҶҪִֿͰ͵ģǲ
룬ǲֻԼʱɵ
Լͷεõѣʵ˼ȴֻǾƭЩǰ˶˵̸ۼ޽ŵԣǲȴȻãʱҲҪˡ
˵ƶ˼ҵѱ㲻ܽύƶ˼ҵĺ־ľǹϵŵԣһ֣´ſźĸΣƭˡ
´ٹԾ˵Ҳ߾ˡǲ֪òŵĳӦı湤Ըˡ
ﻹ˵ʲô𣿡
ʵ˷˶٣߶ݿ˾ڼҹԹԵģҪȥϹ֣鷳㣬˵Ҷôˣ϶зִ磬Ͳء
ǲʼѾĳɸˣЦôˣֻΪͻСĶѡ
˵Щҳǲ᲻˷ȴҲ֪˲ܶͷѾЩʱҪ¶˵ꡣ
˷ǼҵŸµ˴Ӽģΰ˷κǬδԼϸ˵
ҡԴŵʵҺüǰǸ˾ȥѽŸˣݿκұյߢ԰ҪҹЩҶԵĺܣǸʲôҲܿңͷҳ
ǲ΢΢סǰͷΪ׼үˣܲء
˷ϵɿȻɢȥΪԼ˵ʲô㲻ҿǲʻعǿЦŰ㷽Ų˵㵱иҪ㽲ܻҪİæ
ĿڿЦ˷Ȼɻ󲻽⣬ɾð±Լ£ظ㾡˵ǣ
ظĵ죬ǲ۵קס˷֣ЩҲȥ棬ǰӻ顣
ӡӻ顣˷ĵɴ۾
ţã䲢ˣɸѾȥ˻ϵĴͻʥּҲʥּԺûа취ˡһʧٺﶨȻȥ䣬˼ɵҲ˼ҵףֻϺѰʥּᱻѹ
˷˼ģǲʻ˻ûٽ˵
ʮǰԼźŷ񲻼ޣͻȻתȻԽܡ
˷ҲֻǲƬ̱£ЩˣҾ˵롯еģܿĿ̫ˣ
ǰȥǲʣϻǺͺģתͷһĮЩƲȴ
ǲʼЦ뵱ӶܿƷԼɵűǣŵŸˣڵ뷨Ӱ仵Щû϶֪ȻһؼȥԺʥּС
һ˼ҵĹ޸μ˵ڳԱ˼ȥ׹ҴӦֻ˵ﲻģǻ֪ǹԱǸ۵ĻҪͻ飬Ǳǻ˼ҹء
˷ʾʮ޳ɰ뷨ֻʲô˳뵽ʲô𣿡
ӡȻеģǲ΢죬ȻκǬҪ¶Щǲ˷֪Ϊá
лҪ˵롯NαʾԼϸ

 41 £

ȿȣ, ˺ѰʵĻؼ, ӦҲûؾְˣʱٽŻø׸ջشͻʥּǡ
˷°гѱû׷, ֻղؼЩʧСŵղؼ, Ҳܵİġ
˷˵ֱ֣ǲСʱ, ȥ˷, һҶԸ, ϱԸºӲƴ˷һ, Ǹѵĵġ
뼰ǲʸпĵ̾в, һȥ˻ϱض֪, 㲻ص, Ҳġ
ǲʻǵһ־ʮԼĻ, ֻǸլеŮˣΪҲֻǲ˵, Ϊ˲мģÿλҶֻϲǡ
ԭǲʲг˷֪£ǽܣ֪ҲվԼߡ
˷ţ˵ʱĪҪñ, Ե˶֪ǽ£ЩҲҪ𡣡
˷صͷţõġ˵ȴЩɻͷʵ㣬нô㣿
̸ϰɡǲʱͷȥͻȻ˵ˡ
нôðգ
˷仹δаߣȴҲǸСˣסǲʵĸ첲㣬㣬ίؼұǣǴͻʥּǵʱǲޣ˲ɣҲϲǸ񣬵׻վڰߵġ
һǲۿûס޳̾ŵǰף˵ܵãɴͻ黹ǵȥãʱҲ޾ǿּ˵ҷģûΪң㿴㲻𣿡
ԼһЩ¶ǲʵЩҪ˷ʹˣ˵ָյţ˷ӴҲΪԼ˵ЩĻ˵ܰЩʲô
ڻʱһδνͣǽҲҪʱ䣬ǲ̫ãǲ˷ͷУ֪һЩõϢҸȡȡί
ͺ˷㰲ЩǲԼͷ̲סŤͷ˼ĵ㣬ҶǸˣСһͷòá
ǲЦ˳ҪȲĳ󣬱Ҳûзȥ
մɫĶĺɰƴͷһϵͷСӤδʾѿҲλ湫ӡ
˷仹ӰſοյĺȻϸܣֻȴЩͷˡ
ɫĻڴĵطѾ΢Щë꣬ǶеĶܿ֯ӵַʮ־¡
ǲһǰ˷ģ˷ԼҪ˺öΣûüûˡ
С˵·ʵҪƽʱҴȹܶ࣬䶵ҲװЩõŵĶǲʴͳԼĴӣָֻϣǰվ˵ܼ㣬˾˳ִ˸µģȷǴˣԭɫơ
µǵɫΧ˲ɫ׺ԭȿЩ
˷Ź氮ֵ˺üΣЦŵãǵҡ˵ְԭȾɵҪȥ˵ǻȥ˵棬ƽʱĹˣǲ治֪ܸյȥ
˵ѾһˣٶȥʲôѲ¶κǬһ·ûҵãҲ֪᲻ٹ
ʱҵˣ¶һ׼ؼң㷽ôģ˸㽻ʲô
ǲ˵˷Щ᲻Ҳǰİȫֻõͷ˽ڰߺٳţԭǴģʾ˵ȥת˻ġ
ǲʲ²ӦǾĪʽģߢ԰˺Щط˵Ҳȷûʲô⡣
ǱãһԼӦͷСЩĪҪ˵©ֻûǡ
ǲԭ뽻Щʲô󴰻΢˾һǲæ˷ȻŽԼȴҲŵò֪Ǻá
ֻ±ͣĪʵŴͷ˵ƽҵıСүء
κǬֻĪʸǲߢ԰ɰﵽ׸˼˾Ͳ֪ܰ˷ĪʶǶ֡
ǲʻδ˵˷üԹС治ʡģ֪Ͳˡû˵껰ð㡣
ĪʼȻˣһȲѲŹģǲûٶʲôҲֻü˵ģ˳
ǲʲųžƼĪڲԶԼ̧֣ͷΧһȦȴûƼκǬӰ
߹ȥԺЩʵ·˵ڴ˴ҡ
ͷԵʣʼЩ£ſ޹ջЩ΢죬˿ټӵģٺڿüëҲסεòˡ
ĪԭֻκǬϲŶǲأЩκǬݵ¶֪жǲʵ֮˶ҲЩ塣
ǲǸദģƹЩ죬ƽҲչˣǰ·˭ȰסǲһоͶýһȥĪʾǲʼֱԼүĿǡ
ǲʴ˿ڸǲסػţºͰοүű̫ӵײϣ˵̫үأȲѹȥӦţȥͤӵүǣĪҪġ
ûмκǬǲԾЩɻǵ˵ͷǵһ˰ɡ
Ҳ޷ͷ󣬲Ϊѵġ
ǲ;ԼСһЩĪʵͤǱȥ
ߵٵС·Χ໹δ޼õ֦бǲСĺ׿ţһ˵ˡ
ɲ֪ǲǲʽղ˳ţС·ѾҪͷȴƼ֪һҵĹĶ
ǲʾøæͷĪ󲻸̧ͷ
ߢ԰ĶӣĪӹǲ߶ײ˹ˡ
ĪʼҲæߵǲʵĲǰסߣһƱ֪̫Ӵ
ﰲáĪ˿ŵ˸ǲȻںѧ
Ҳû뵽˻æӲ˲۽ǣȥ˵ͷ
ŸɫȹıѰȹΣֻ統ǲʵĿˣ͸ĶȹŸ¶Լ
Īʰ󣬱º͵ʲôҪԸģûҵȻҪȥ£Ȼūٽ԰С˹ź
Ѵ˿Щףǿһˣȥɡ
ǡĪҪǲ뿪
һ¡ͻȻڣ¸ˣ
Īʽ¶סòֻعūźġ
ţЩ죬̲ס㣬Ķɻãûүһͬ
лҪ˵~˳һղأиŶ~~~~
ġСԸлòС~רղ~~~ϹأǰۺŶ=3=

 42 

ʮͻȻʼԼǲʺ󱳽˽Щ΢Ĳ, ϴμ滹̫Ӷͷ, û뵽ȴǵʺԼһ
ĪĴҲЩͬûϵﾹȻǲ, ӦǼΪѸٵºЦһжã͹ˡ
ȴûԵĻػ, ǿʲôЦ
ǵλ±϶ԶڰȴЩΪ˵, ն첲ϵϺۼ˵һСɾ, Ƕ˵˱ɲԼ
ǹ˿Ц, Ī˵Ҳ˵Լ㣺ԭҶˣ, û˳谮Ҳù
ĻԽˣĪʲ֪, ο˱˾վ, Ҳǰҡ
˺, ҲҪѰŮӸ, ǲ̼ǵõһķηҲŸﲻһƬôĲڷ˿, ĽŲ۾
һɫȹϵŵƮϸ绺Ʈͷ˿ųɷֻм͵޻׺·ͬһ㣬ԭȫҲɾûա
չ֮ǰѾ׼, λͲߣɵ̫ӵˣЩлӦòҵ˵ԼֻҪÿ̬¶˱ɣĳԼֻˡ
û뵽ǣ˻˼ɵ̫ӵ£ɲһ֧󣬱Щ󵨵ĹӸ翪ʼ˵ģԭֻĻҲԽԽ¶ǣ˽ȥ衣
ûҲˡ
ʵ׵ģʱֻҪ̫˵仰ֻǸҲЩ˲ҿ̫ûУ̫ʼնûһ˿Ĳ̫ֻǸ裬ҫȲϸ鱦ֵǮ
عĪΪѵɫ֪ʶȤĲٶʲôǵǰߵģݵλӦòͣղдۣǿ¶˿Ц±ֲʣֻϴ󸮵ĶʵھͶЩԽˣҪ֡
ĪŸϽæڰֵ֣̿ĵͷǸūŵģɷˣҹҲǺģޱ˼
ĪΪԼͣ¶һм΢ЦлˣлĻҸá
ǲʾĪʵ಻֣ἰԼûסͷһۣЩЩۡ
ɺֻǲ֪ΪͶ̶̲һµʱ䣬ԭѾĳǸŮ˵ĻǶ㣬ԾȴҲʢŲˡ
ǲƺʹĸı䣬ûס࿴ۣܵĿ˳˹ȥէһֵλС죿
ʵĪ˾һţδüдʣԶԶһŲ뽻̸˹
ǸһǻҵĴأ˵ţ㲻Ըｻ𣬻ϽȥǰȥδԼұÿɲôס
ǲʵʱ©һӿհ׳˽
˶ŸǸͬĸ褣ǹ滹δߡ
褻䣬һ˽ŵСЩˡƺųЦ⼸նţҲδû۹⣬ȥһ֪ô죬˭˵˭˵ȥ
š
ǲϸӽӲһߢ԰м뷽һֻ֣ͬûô໹⣬ʱŻԼãһֱԼһָûƼ˵ġ
һΪԼûгֻ֣żǲаˣΪ˶㲻֪ôĹΣԼǰǰãҲİɣɼ˻ҳϵ
ߡЦһҺദѣǵ˰˱Ѫù
褵̬ȶʮӶһ褲δйǲжЩøС
ʮֶأΪŮȴԸĸҵû˿ȤġȥЩɽʯ羰ʤٻ˵СûʦѧܻһֺûӦþ԰ӿ羰ġ
ҪߵǰˣһҲɻĴԼǲĸŰ㽹ȴ޼ƿʩֻþһĪء
Īʼǲ㽹뵽ҪĶӦǲʶæ֮Ҳ˲ڵסǲ⹰ֵūȥˣǵȼҪ𷣵ģиˡ
˵Ҳû𸴱ǲʼҴҵȥһҵĽöҲͬС·һͷ߹ֻԶԶƼǲǵıӰ
תδ̫Զǲ£ŶǵĶԻ
ףⲻ𣿡죬֪Ƕ˵Ļ֪ȥ٣ת뵽ǲҲ޽飬Ҳ޹ؽҪ
˵С죬ͼĪʶɫ˿ǿҲ˽ʵ黹Ǿһ²һ¡
ƷʲôҲûתЦЦλź԰Ӿºñ䣬λҲҳԾơ
̬ȾʮҲڿıЦЦҲߢ԰ɺ԰Ӻһ˵ЩɽʯǴʢʯģ̲סԺҲиա
褲δ΢۽ʲôԣһֻڻϣԵ¶ᡣ
ԱߵȴǸȻ෴ģ䲻ȴҲܿԼŮݣֻƽճǮϼĲԣȲһͬǰΪԼȻϵĵŮĸ׵ǺҵģҲЩ
ƽҲ뾩еճĹС㽻ãԶһֻǸҵŮӣΨֱ֮
ȻֻңŴͷϵķξԼб˲Ӭ㲻ǼլԭĸǿԹܵģĸȴϲĸŮһֱѳŲ˲ֲ֣עԼƽζҪϽӸµ
ţԽԽ˳ۣ褾Ǹ̸̲ĿڵﻹǿЩȥ̫ӵΪãǻҪȥǰ濴Ȳˡ
褵ΪƵ鱾øУɼڲزסǷݺøжʱһ룬Щ쵥ڶ˸ɫȻҲܿѧηֱƶ
ɫ΢Ȼλ±㲻ˣҪȥ̫Ӿȹȥˡ
˵ֱԽȥƮƮŵָ⣬˳ϵȵĳвҲȴǶʼɡ
ŵΪȻ׵ģϵḺ̌ģЦһ߰ɡ
ⷬǲҲֻһԶˣĪʼʱѾȥʱ˶԰ӽƣ˾ûٻԭȵĵطгԺӣǲʵϵκǬ
лҪ˵ġСרղ~~~

 43 

ʱ⽥ʼǲﰲ, дĶ
ڴӵӵͷͷ޵, ǲʽΪ˴磬ȴû˼ﲹ, ˵ϴ־ǲģǲʱϾͷֻ˸, ˶ԾЩ㷲
ͷԽܼǲʸɴͷһڱ޵ĳ, ɫǵİԼųӵκǬ
ߢ԰ܰ, ǲ, 
κǬ
ǲһֱŶĶܽκǬܵҲֻ̫, ӽղδֻ̫ˡ
κǬ̫һͬ, ǲ˲㾫, еĵҲ²١
ֻ̫ӽ˵˭֪ϯ, ƽֵܼ䶼Ѹ۾ۡ
̫뷽κǬϯϳֵʱ, ٹҪǰȴκǬŪüΪûӵĳʮȤ
̲ĳƺκǬ治ǰ׵õ, ԼȴԾ治ɫҲ֪Ժ˭
Ȼ˿κǬϻӦ̫ӣͷȴѾƮԼмϡ
Ҳ֪ˣո˷ء
ֻģһѾͷԼ溦ô죿
̫Ӽǲ⿴, ΪκǬϲ㱻Ȥ뵽ǰհԼݵĹϵɾͻ˻⡣
ˣҵĴջ˵¸Ҫڸ¿˵ʱûȥô¸¿ҪһͬȥϯϣҶ̫ľԵô壬һĴԱȴ鶯̫Щ
ңκǬͻȻʵЩĪҵĴûʲôֻԼǵλ̸̫ĺͶ
κǬȴҴﳤʲôûס֪ʱûй񣬻˵ɡ
̫ǲµ˷ܣЦЦȥˡ
ҴţǲǵĶԻ¸±ŵļ˵鲢ʮҪļ׻Ҫһ졣
һź޸̫Ϊ̫ж˵Ǹɼ޵˱Ͼ̫ӵ£Ժ˹ݣҲմ⣬ԼҲϲĺܡ
ô˵ҲǸŮ˭ҵĺúýŮȥ˵
ʱǲ˵ʱ׶̾ҶǺͿˡ
̫ӰǸڵӣԺΣ͢˵׾Ǹɵ۰ӣĽ͵УģΨԸŮƽҸˡ
ɲÿҵĸĸǲʵĵ۰Ů
һŵļʲδμӣ˲Լ᲻ôĳִһļǲǲȥִֻȴˡ
̫˵ŵļϱ˺øУֻһϣ̫Ӳδйעǲʱ²Ӧϲųʶġ
Լûͬʲôй̫ӹעһʸ֦κһᶼ׷Ź
֪ΪΣԴκǬԺǲб㲻Ծ˿˺һ㱻͵
κǬڵųɿǲɫֱΧ΢΢˺죬֪ǿ޹ˡ
˿ǻȵèκǬ˵ȴ±ֵֹ
ʱκǬбЩ˿ȫȥֻǲʻڻ
κǬ뷽Įǻ˸ˣֻ˵ĻԾɵĮ
ǰһ·Χû˱Ժ󣬲ŵ޹ˣ
ǲ±ֲҴ˵ӵĵͷš
ԭκǬҪЦԼһɵãκǬȴû˵ֻǺͻȻ̧֣ǲʵͷġ
ǲʳκǬΪΪղż˷¶ѹķ
ǵôǰٹֻɫСèԼɶֳԲʱѹԼģκǬҲɻǲʵ
ǲȴסôооĴֻèأ
ţκǬִϱŵĵһˬڵͷݹȥоǹİɫ
͵ߵͷ⣬ǲʷ·оصڹԼκǬʱֻԼζѾǰߴˣѾԼȥκǬͻ͵Լǰ
κǬܿǲͼҪӹȥִָٴ͵ǲߡ
ǲֻҧһСڣζȻ
ǲ֪ͷ㰮κǬι֮³һɶ
ιèһĸоκǬʮ㡣
ĪҪѹǱѾŲˣкϷʱǻ˸ͻʥּҲ²ˡ
ǲϲģ
Ҳ˵ܹĻؼңٵǱͻ顣
šκǬҲɿ࣬һ뵽վͺټѾͷˣƵĲ
ôȲҪߣ㲻ɣ
ǲʺҡԴ˷ܵԱǲǣǸˡֻίʵˣô󣬻δôã˷СԼڼҲĲ¡
ʵڸղżκǬһ𣬾Ѿûôˣ˵ǲԼҲ棬Ҳ֪ӺʱʼܶκǬ˰ġ
ӲƭԼκǬ¶ֱ˵Ե̱ȴҲƭԼʵ뷨
ˣκǬظһ顣
Լδ۹һÿռɱ˵Ļӣֻ
ϯϣֲٹΪЩţӲͷƤԼ̸Щװģɴֱܣʡķ
ǰѾͷȴСʱǰ㣬ͬҹ¹ԼͷԼԼǸˡ
֪ͷôҵ𣿡κǬǳЦЦʵ
ͷ
һǲʻؾǺһȫϣȴҲ΢Ǹˣȥ꣬ǵˡ
󣬲ǹе̫໹Сˣߢ԰СҲ˵κǬǸѶˣһƹ̲Ǹɱϵү
Щǲȫ֪
κǬͷȻĵ֪ģֻЩŶͷ˵ĿҿɲǣҵĿ
ҪȻôһȥκǬ鷿ôڱξԼûо¡
ǲЦʱ۾ֲСˣƣ۾Լȥġ
ЦĺÿκǬԼûע⵽ǲ֪ʱҲ˿Ц⡣
*
ص컹δǲʴ˴θŹȥ˼ƽ׽⣬˲֪ſֻϢŵĴ
ǲʱͷڴİ¿ٻӳ¸ϴж糿Ŀü߸̾¿۹԰λᶼԸȥ档
ĲҲ֪ѾҲҪǼҹȥ¹۰ġ
Զɽü¶ǲʿžдΪԼ˵ɫЦЦÿɷ
ֽӹԼüǲۣЦʣԼУһ˺ȥ׼Щˮ
ֻˣЦĵͷӦ¡
лҪ˵ģԤ~~~~Ϲǰ۵~~
İ£
*үòС**쵽ûаϱ*....
ʮףԭԼ걻ĸ׾Ѿĳ£ɶ¹۰ˣʥԽڸС
ĶȴݺͷĽ֡
ػһصʮֻ꣬뻤סЩϧԼˣǱ˵Ȩ㳯Ұκϻҽ֡
鱩ֹСҹûаһ߿İȦڻ߿ҵĴš

 44 

ǲû뵽κǬֻô죬԰λԺ󲻹, ôƺڵϷռ±ھ
ԭδ˵, Լ˳мλڸȾƣδ˱Ǻ˾õ輧, ˭֪ƹѲͷҪȥЪһЪ֪δʱ, δ˿ͷﴫһŮ˵ļ
ԪڸɫĽŽͷĹ£۾зȴ, ǲʱôݿڲˮ
Ԫ˵˶, ˮݹȥżǲƺᱡŮӣ
רóŮӸķ¥, ͷŮӶǹ¿걻˵ģֻ¥ͬ, ЩŮӵĸʮ˵ãֻղ, ǲһеڶʮʱ
Ը跻жŵ, 治Ǹ, úõŮӱˡ
ǲҲʮ, ΪԼ¶ƽװһ׹ȥ, ԪȴҡҡͷǲʸϽ˵
ū˵輧Ҳھϯʱȶˣ֪ôľ˯ͬһͷԪٺЦЦūŻ˵, 輧ı磬ʱʮֲ˵Լԭͷεűᵽϣɲ֪͵ˡ
ԭˣô˵ǹκǬŵģƵ輧ȻзӲԼ
Ԫתתζĵٺ٣˵ˡ˶ԼûûаѳסȶֻǸڶѣŹȥһգ¶ھﴫˣɻδأ˭һҽйŮ޹ȥģԭǸ޳ͽԪ˵ǸūţҲɲH¶
Ԫûŵģ߶߶˵ͷĻںȻʶ˼ͷūŻ˵ˣðЩͷЩ໰˵
û¡ǲʵ
ָ½ǣгŲмĿ̫ˣֻûЩҴ޳֮ͽĿ
Ԫֽŵǳ׳ˣ˵ԭмõĴڶߣҶ˵Ժ԰λȥˣǾȫ׼ȥء
һЦ˳Ԫűѵţûٴ¶ô֪ģ
ٺ٣㲻֪ūڲ¥ЪŵʱԱǡɾ̣֬ūļ˵ġ
˵֪ĸ󳼼ҵĹҪ䶩ԼˣҺ⵵¶ȻԺǹӲôء
ɲǣû⵵£ǹԺ󲻹ѹĴء
ǲеѹŵĴʯͷأˣζǵϱԼĴͻʥּ˰ɡ
ԳЦЦ¶еЦ⣬ڵõɢȥǲޱҡ
κǬԶԶıƼԼǰվŵϤӰ
ǲƺ˶̧ͷȥ
ɫȹḡлƵĵӳǲЦ⣬ǼڵȺɷؼҡ
κǬ˿̾ǲʿǳ˹Ӱ㣬²Ծӿ˹ȥ
ǲʶл¡
˻δǲʱѾ˴κǬһ㶱ȻҲ̸л
ǲеĸм֮ҪˮˣκǬ㿴оЩ⣬ưһүɾ͸ƽˣƽ޹ȥϲʲôүѵǿ
ֻκǬֻƬ̣Ϊǲʳ羴мʵ̫ǿңܱκǬЩ˼
ȿȣȥɡ
ǲŵͷɵĸһֱ鷿
κǬܣŽŵ϶ԴҲжţֻڳϲֱӿڣʷҵˣϳʱֱΪŵʧͳ£ȥǶ˵ĻҲûˡ
ʵˣһпû˭ԸŮ޸ˡκǬеĺһ
֪ǲʴˣǲʾԵ޹ʾôԼõġ
룬κǬȴԾɵǲº֣ԺĻҸŵԵˣֻܴһЩݵ͵ͷѡԸĲС
ǲԭֻиĪеĴԣýǴԻԲδ˵񣬵ʱȥĶǳд󳼣в٣Ҳס
º֣ǲ᲻ΪԼǸĵˣ
ǲȴû롣
˵ⱲûüԼļӽӽԼǿ̿ʼѾڲ߻ˣÿһζԼЦÿһڸǰ״ֻΪ˽Լҡ
Щݣûк󻼣ֻǿǵض˶Բ£Ҳ˼֮ͬšκǬ͵
ǲҡҡͷЦЦ֪ģΪҺá
һ仰κǬԭεĸо֮á
£ǲʮָмܰæóԼд˺öдõţ˫úõ˹ȥ
֪ˣйģйڳݵġ
ʵԺûң̫̰ܻͨߣֻЩǲʵҲֻЩŰˣ֪̫飬Ҿ˵Ҳᱻ
ֻ£ΪԼòల£Ҳ֪ûбŰ֪Ķд
£ǲһŮﲻæǷ£һڵҲǴһǲаԼұ˳
ֻ⻰ȴֱ˵κǬ
ǴˣûжǲЦЦۣ˸ѻȥ
κǬӹֽȴûе򿪿ΪǲֹȻбĻ
ȻǲʽźϾֵЩӶлµչˣһǵǷһģʲôµԸȻˣ롭ձؼȥա


 45 


ձؼȥա
ǲָ½ƣüۼºƽֵݹȥһ
κǬûԼæҲضܳɾһҵ, ǰЩκǬϲǲʴӵʱ˳һ
ϵ, ҲûԵˣȥֻɡ
κǬûн, ͵ǰϷźã
κǬǲʻȥıӰ, ԼõıȻ䱻˶߰տԺֻз˵ҪؼȥǾ仰ڲظ
ðιȥ, κǬǲų˿Ц
ǲ˵ɲʮƽȵĽװ, ƾʲô, Լ֪һ
κǬŵŷⲻ֪ѾĲӣҪǿ, ʲôʲô
ֻǺòףòҪʱǲʾȻһ䵽Լ, Ϊʲô, ƾʲôԼҪ
ŷӵһ, ֪жԼܴĵط, Ҳں
ϵɫ˽߰Ʊ֯ģκǬ鲻Խڱ, ֮־ù죬ԼС
˿޵ζԼͬƿز˵Ǹˣ͵߬ȭͷ룺ǿҲûа취
ͷֻһ
ˡ
ʵԼ֪һ׼ǲǴ껪, еǻᡣ
ǲȥһκǬ鶼ţĪź˶С˿ƫȻ
˵ڶգ˵κǬ˵Լڽǲ뿪ͷһį
ȥˣκǬ΢Щʧ񣬹Īվ˰βſʵ
æȥˣһаԸѹĶȫʰ׵ˡ
ֻǰĪʵķԸʰ˶ȴ֪ǲݣҲ֪ǱȥǶ
վڹίȴҿֱ£ֻѹɤӵίʹ
ܴүǹȥĶˣǲǵˣ
Ҳ֪ʵʲôֻüͷ㰲ο䣬
ǰڵʱǴǰ;ģ˵Ƿ˵µʲôɻ䣬ԼСЩΪá
Īȴ֪һУЩ¶Բ΢Ĺػ׵ģǲ뿪ȴҲȲѡ
ĪʿڵЩūŵ֪Ϊá
ǲʴǰãĪ˵Ϊǲ²ģǲʵĺã뵽Ǳ͵ЩƫƧıׯ¶ϣ̲סŹ򵽵ϡ
߶֪´ӵϲϲأͷеµģĪҪʲôźð
ĻϵκǬȻһǻǡ˵κǬĿȥսеӣǺÿһЩ
ȻûǱ㶼°ɣѾͷǰǸģȸ£񻹰մǰǡ
˵ǰҲİͽǲʣȨ׻ԼΪģмָˡ
ԺĪʱ㿴˹Ϊǣ̲ס㿪ڼҲ¼ˣôûϢ
ûϢ
ͱˡ
һÿյĻɲǴлȡôһ棬ǸС֣ͷĳϢɴȥˡ
ĵĪʵֻǸçһȴûʲôԽҲøôࡣ
ҵ뷨ٹܾǡ
ĪʼЦһɱǰԺ˱ҡ
˼ةҵĴ˵ԺҲδֻ֪Ī֪ЩȴֻǲǸ˵µ檡
˹£˸۱Ŵ뿪ˡ
*
һĪʰŵĳھת˺üȦȷةฮΧûˣںͣ
ǵ˵˵£ûչ˼ةฮһѾ֪ͨСүȥ˿š
ǳֻǸǲʸϳģȴҲǴκǬģһù
ǲƿͷϤԺǽмȸп֣ɵĴԾ£λлˡ
˵˵ɣ·ԸҪūſȥߡ
ǲůӿͷ
ԭΪκǬΪӦչ˲طϸĵĽ˲졣
ǲдŸмЦЦǵԼſˣԾջҪл࣬˶Ϊ֮һ㶣аԹõλ
Ҷл¡
ЩȣͷӦ£ֱǲʽԺӲŻȥ
Ժŵģǲ΢һƿˡ
Ÿһ̤ȥͼ۽Ǻı˹
ֵĺùӴЩˣֵܲĸζնǲŵģʲô˱㿪ڸ֣վߵģɲʲôֱҳߣΪ㵣š
ǲʻδʱֱѾԷˣǰԼӵԼټͷֻСûй۰ǲʡ
ϹԽͷҲѾ˴룬Щ˷֪һ߷Ѿһ߻Ҫٳȥæˣǲڻ˼ֻ˩ڻҲȥ
ʹ˱ᣬǲʱ§ڻֵĻҲ̲ס
ǲֻС¿޺֡
Ҳˣ֡
ָоݵӲҲſٿǲʺúõ޵۾ͨ죬ίģԭ𱸵ıһ롣
ɫǲ˲᣺ùˣܻͺãͨſڣվˡ
е۽ǲʸ̣߶˵ĺѰˣôһοеίж˱ܡ
ңأǲʴˣء
һ֪ǲίһ㣬ĺ󱳣һ߳һԣأˡ
ǲԼҳߣдȣܵܶûйֹ
ǸΪĵԼûίֻԼúõġ
ԽǲȴԽѹԼǰΪʲôǰ㲻£֪ǶԼȴǴʡġ
ţǲʿ޵Խͷֺ˺ðΣŽͣ
ͷѾ˱£޵ĶͷȫǱֱţһֽѾͷĺҶ
ǲʿˣŰ״һȥ롣
ЩżȰţڳ˳
֣úҶˣͷûĺúȡ
ǲʷ°״룬ıֵĸ첲ɵ˵źû
͸Ѿͷǳֵģӹ͵ЦŵǼҹÿη˴ͺûһһġ
ôһ˵ҲЦеǲʲ˵
ǲתתЦЩӲôƯôˣ֪ŵϲϵóأ
˵ѾͷȴҲǴСԸģķةĽ
Ƕ˷ɻ鲻꣬Ȥϱܵһ򣬹ﻹôֽЩʲôȥ˰ա
˵ŵֵܿ˵ǲʵĶͷתƻ⣬ʵˡ


 46 

ԭ԰λظԺ˷Ѱ˸û˵ʱ¸֣κǬҲǲҪظǰк, ʱҪԸźš
ʵ˴ʱ, ǲеĻ΢СɫȻӲС֡
ɻ, ϵĴ顣
Сү˵뷨Ϊ˼ѰɲָܲۼС
ˡ
̶仰ǲ, ֪Լ
ֻּǲʲסĵͷȴһתɫֻЩӹﵽȥ˺δ, ΪζȴûѰһ˿ټ, ˵λڰæ, Ǳ˵㾹Щ죿
ǰȻ㿪ţҲżŹа԰, ֻǲʵ׻Ǹδ޵ŮĪȥһ˸, ˻ǵ, мֱͳ
ɫǲʸ, ֧֧Ҳû˵仰
бӵк, ܰı𵱳󳼵˵Ǹ˼ҵүЩҲѧ˵㶫, ֪⳯ʸӣһôҪЮָΣ
Сֱǲʣʱү˶ˣҲվǲΪ飬𱸵˵
ͬ, 漰ǲʵ
ǲʸտ޹Щ𱸵֮¾вԾۿ
ʱոǰɺϵκǬһΪԸȴʮûõġ
ôûá
ǲʸպûһҪɫվǲٶ𱸡
̾˿ϵȼ
ڹ㣬ֻǵ׹ϵҵЩڲ˵ֱ㲻ˣү˻˵òãĪҪѹˡ
Ȱҡŵ΢ǲʽ۽ӿ֣ͷǳǸ˵ġ
ӵһ±ĳ
ǰǼҹﵽҲǸˣ֮ǰȻѾֻҪĻؼҾˣȻ˵Ǹˣһ֮ŽйΡ
ͨ˱㲻ٶʣֻЦ˵ЩȤ¶
˸˵˷ЩûٵƤѾͷ
һüͷǲʶһۣʵ
ķѴ龩ǣһ輧ѳֲסˣеĸѾͷҲЦǸûϢĻɫ
˷˵°Σ׻˵Ӭ޷쵰񱾾͹Կɳ֮
˵ˣеƫԼҹģǰǲǰϲˣ϶ûԵʣʲô¡
ѾͷȻԴҲжţҲΪԼҹ޷޵˵һˣ̽ū澼ľͲ̫ʧеš
ߡЦǰүڼҾֻɱ˹ԼˣǼҶҲпɼǸġ
ǲͬ񣬱㵭Ȼģ׻ҪһȽţҴٹȥ
ǡ
ѾͷӦ뿪ǲʲɻʵôҲô֪һˡ
ЦЦԸģ˵ǰ֪ʱû˶ܷ٣ͳƹ͵ȥǼҾıׯŵģ˻ɡ
˵˴ֲЩοµİŵʮԸıׯ֪෽ȥǲҲûһ뵽ȥԼôƫƧׯϣǲʵ٣ܽ˲ɡ
ֲù˵ǸˣչŹϸİţ˭뵽ЩһֱɲǸͷ̲ǸޣҲҥ
ţжκǬӡࡣ
ּǰүֻҪڼңûôԹҶԹҲġ
ЩֵﻰǰǲϲŲ˵˵ǲɫ䣬ŽŵЩ˵æˣȴҲܲôģÿҲֽ
ԭǰ˶ԼϲŶٰãǲ̲סٴαԹǰԼôǰɵ
֡ǲҡֵ䣬ڲ
ǲʵĺ󱳣Цŵã㲻⵵ӷ£Ůӵĺ˼Ҷ㲻ءǲ־ȥ˯˲ǡ
ԸֻǸ֣ȴҲةЩҪ飬ԸǵԼˣʮ֣ȻҲƲһ˫Ůտ
е֪ǸȴةҲЩӡ
ǲʣŲӼҴҸȥ˻
*
Ϊꡣ
ԭϴͻּžҪˣǲʱĪʧۼ鲻
˵²ԼԸΪ˸׵ĴҵһֺηұҲǸȲܹԼʱ³ɺȢ˱ùžǡ
ûҵǲأҲȥμ˸֪ͬǲԼվƺȶͷûмסͳǵӶ˵¡
Ҫ˵ŮˣʲôҲ
սĽŸ볯ü䣬˼ҹϸףǲʲֻԼ˼αģϸ輧
ɼͣȴǽߣǧǳµģһоͰǰַŭ
ڻֻһЩŭ
ƽֻҪǲʱ͹չ첻ҲûѾźţˮû͹
ˡѹеĻ
һСѾͷ̽ͷ̽ԵĽкηԸ
Щڿʣϱ
ѾͷǷȥͨģԴϵĳðβһܿƬ̺˲ˮٴˡ
սꡣ
ǰԸǲţѾͷĻ²ٱûűȻҲûˣ˲˺²ˮټбͷֻ꣬ò񫣬ɴ˻ȥԸĻ԰
ʵةѾڶŮӰĶԴԸ¶ʮֿ
ҲϰԸеɣɽŸս԰ӣͿԸеԼҴҵĸϹ
䡣ֲʧϵĶֻеûаȶȡ
֪ԸһĵλȽҪʵǲʹΰ첻ˣĪǻҪȥ𡣡
Ѿϰ߲˵ˣüëĸ
ǺǣǰǰүϲŸӣȻﶼѾûаָ飬Ǹõģ˭ܶ
⻰㲻̫ˣ̽ǼҹģǹżģҲе̫ˣ˻δ㲻֪ԹڸתƣĪǱоģ
ֲ˵꣬ûаֵη塣
Ǹū澣үǸة࣬һΣҲÿͿġ
⻰ʲô˼һջҷ¹̽ѲɻдˣʲôǱоģѲɻ̰ͼЩĲɣ
ЦһжƲ⿴ű𴦵ڱ˼ҵĸۡҲûоĵ£
лҪ˵⼸һֱڵˮУŬոģл
ôôա

 47 

ةฮǰǶ̫Լʲôݡ
˵һǻ׹ݶǹǸƷԱ, ûǼүЩ, ǸͷЩ
Ըͷ޹˼ɵߣ޹ȥָ۸ʲôء
ֿΪԼһ仰ҭ׵ɫ, ˯˲ͣذɡ
䴦ҵȫ, Ҳܰôš
ַֻŵǷ׹Ҳû˯ʱ, ǲ˵˾еԹʲԸԼ
Ҳ⼸վеһЩҥŶвǺ, Щ, Ҵһǲʽ
ǲ²ԸԼ, ȴûйڽƾԼĳ, ֻҪ˵ϼûһ, ضֻǰ
ﵽȴ֪, ֻ֪¶ǳмλ, ҥɡ
⣬ᡣ
Ǿ˸Ͱ, ȷʵѾ˯£˳ȥ
̬ȼŭҲةฮֻ뿪
ûм, ǲҲжδ֪ôķŻ򶨵ԸͷЩš
ͷҶϡԸ֣תɫ
ͷŵӭǰȥɫԱСʵԹȻѾѰɿˡ
Сô˵ЩΪô˵Ҳ˲ٹһūţһԼ
ԽԽջ𣬱ԸͷַǸط£ȥԸ˲
䲻֪ʲôЩãȻǸæӦ¡
*
ʳڡ
ȥɴϢƽޣձ
ΪһˣҲЩʱԼǡ
ǰҡҷӳĳ欵ٻӰȻСʮ꣬ΪĸɱδĹһ㡣
һ˵һѾӶ˻ʵ۵ϣĵط޵Ħĸ첲
Ե˼˻ʵڷָûеҴչģɡ
ʵҲ˾ֻΪģֻС͵ĲһԼϣֻԼ塣
ܺŵ̫๬ŮѾȫͷȥʵְ§ڻУİڽ֮ϣȴЩǵɽ
~ɺߵİͷѴ
СЩˣ
ɵͷһ
ţôЩû㣬ôЩ
ǹͷʥĵĺһдʱ϶ҪţǰϥµӲ¹˲ϣһֱûټ
ʵ˵֮Щٴκա
¾ͻȤ~
װյתվ檷żרĿۣüëͳһţʲô𣿡
˴ӻߣʵ֮Ȼˣٴΰ뻳С
ةҵĴǰЩʧ٣±Ĳң֪ԭԼƤȥ˱ׯ֣ⲻղŸջġ
ةΪĹ֪ǸʥĵĳӣŵԭС̰氡ʲôýбµĵģá
ʵԼǵùʱѾͷ棬ǸӻϲĺӣҲûҪ
ⲢǴ£ֻʧǰҪͻ飬ȴ
ķ¶˷֪󣬱հ˼ԺɢԺвɼҵݣ¶Ҳ֪ˡ
׹ͽЦţǸˣٴͻԵû۹ЩԹƤҲǺ˼ҵŮӣ˲̫ء
ʵɵĶͷةΪ͢Ͳ٣ϥ¾һôҲָܸʵˣԭҲӦҴͻˡ
ɱסʵЦ֪Ҳͬˣ˵檼ǵõձֻ˵ԿǣʥּҲû²ǡ
ⷬպ˵˻ʵ۵ȥȻһеŮ˶׹ȻҲ顣
ʵеЦЩ˴ᱨǱȸ°ɣѾͷҲСš
ɱ֨ЦҲǸСء
˽ڵ㽥
ĺƽĸ򱱽ûսˣڻʵ۶ȻûةҪ˵µģ׻ȹ˼Ϊá
ǲʻؼҼպûʥּ֪ͻ֮Ѿֻȸ״ݻԺԼͣиЩˡ
*
⼸ռ˼꣬ձ㼱Ҵҵĳˮ뿪ˣտʼֻǸо˼ȣɼ⽥أѾűˡ
˲٣˷ûֱ㽫Щ·ڵ˴ߡ
˷ĺѰ׷Ÿջϼ±òԣµ·̫ˡ
ֱ߶ţҼԺͷҶӵˣЩԿҩܡ
߶ûûˣ˷һ뵽Ⱦܣһ·˰죬Ȼ·㳯ǲʵԺȥ
㣡
˻û˷㴫˹ǲҲŸ𴲣Ѿͷź٣ԵѾͷǴСԼ̴壬һ˺㽫̴Ҳ˳ȥջظٴμҲһꡣ
˷ʲôǲ𱸵ȴЦӯӯġ
һдǰǲֻѰ˼ҵļҳ¶ɾ¹ʺѰ¶Ҳѵõġ
ϧһС
Ժű죬̴Цȥţֻүʲô¶𷣣Ҫء
ſ˺˷㱧·ǲͷίͰ͵¡
ңŸո־ҪҴô·ҵһĺ
˵ļΪţǲǰ·ǼӺ
һ۰ǲЩ˷˴㳣ţŸܳ־ͲµҪֻ˷ܵĿЩŸոոϵ
վǰ˰ſڡ
˵Ÿ綼ʼˣүֻЩѧȥɡ
ҪҪ
˷żĸɴ·صǲʵĹͷ
֣ǲ̴ѾЦòС
ǲʽ̴˳˳˷̬ȼᶨ˸еķӣ˵СӾǱȴҪȣ˵ԺﻹĿΣ㶯һ͵ó
־ҪˣǲʸæŵҪ¾ʡ˰ɣǼкĵָˡ
Լ˵ˣ˷æĵͷǡ
ǲʶ˵ˣðβŵͷӦ˷ȥѧԺר̹ǲҲҪӼ·
òֲȥæԼ¶ǲתͷƼԼԺȻ˸
û˵ӴֱӴةฮԸֶ࣬ǴӳǷֱӵģٵҲǾͽ
δǲʱŵ͵һ飬̴ͷѾͷһʰţžҪ˱תԼȻ˸ƣĪҪ
ҡ
ǲСĸζ˰βųɵĪʣ
лҪ˵ĪʣСһգ·ǽͷQAQ

 48 

ǲʸ˵̴꣬ͷѾͷǶ΢΢ס, ̴±㼱æͷ³
̴ֻ˰, Ī˲ԾԺΧǽ϶
СʲôԸ̴е
ǽͷĪʳԼ֣ǲסЦ, еĽһһֻȻԱ, û£ȥæ, Ըͷʳ
̴Сźǲ, ϴǲܳȥһֱ˲, ¼ǲֺȻ䲻Ҫ˸ųȥľսΧ˹ȥ
С, ūɣԵѾͷء
ǲȻ֪Լ, ͵ֻڸﲻŵ, æȥҾ, ȥɡ
ǡ
̴ֽ, ǲʱûȥ԰ĳߵĪʡ̹ĪϢǲ࣬ĵݹȥŷ⡣
ģǲʽӹŷⲢûмŲ𿪡
Īʵͷս, ˵ǹ֮Ѿٵˡ
⼸ʥּûǲҲֻǲ²Żʵ۲׼ٸͻ飬κǬҲǲȷһ˲ٹô˵ǲеľʯ˵ء
ǲһ˿ϲ֪Щ, ڱˡ
»˵ûʽĳʶóóȻǰ˷ӰŹδ⻹δģͲūŹ߹һ
ǲǱǿ㷺̵ʵκǬǵӣҸھǣةȨٴҲҶԻ顣
ʲôֻһС£ҲԼȫ
ǰ޹ʳԸΪԼδȴ˹Ҫģһлü
¿ǵȫҶлˡ
Īʼǲʸˣҵ¶һοЦ⣬ֻΪ˲ܿǵô࣬ﲻؿ
˵Щ˼Ĵ˴֣оūιʵðЩԺ󲻻ԸͷˣﲻҪΪ˵ġ
ǽͷµȷʣĪ˵ҲǸмпڵģͷ˵ҲЩ棬κδκǬԷԸµģôЩδ¶һģΪԼүĪίʵȴҲӲˡ
֮ǰҲ˵ˣǽͷǲʹԼҲûаȫУһΣд㡣
ţ֪ˡ
Ÿ˵꣬һŲ̴æˣǲգ۾ɻԵҪ˵
Եĵ¾ûнˣŷдУū߲ˡ
Ųˣǲ֪ĪʵøϽ뿪ֻյ˵ͷȴѹ˽ס
⼸˲٣ϳӼѡ
ūżˣһ׼ѻĪʴæӦѸʧ˲С
ӦĴæǲҲֻǷŲִټ뵽仰ɲ˵
Ϲʲôأ
ЩūŸֲɵӣЩźūѵ֪ˣܲܶɣ
һԶԶˣװ˵⻰ʲô
ǲʺڵֻĪʽлϧ˵ȥĻóȥˮֻϣĪʵһ˵øˡ
ԱԹԼ˵̴屧Ÿ֯ı缱ҴҵĹǲʼæеŷӡ
С㣬ūæ͸ŹˣôС˵ء
̴˵űϵȥ˵Ķأˣǳģ
̴˵ʲôǲʶûˣ룬Ȼ̴嶼֪ԼѣǱָж˼ء
ūǲ˵ǻ΢أͲһѸκǬ
ǲһ߰ûԼ˵Ǿ仰һЩĪʧ䡣
С⼸ûţҪūȥƣ̴ǲʲֻˡ
ĶȥݡǶһ㣬ֻԺӡ
ȵ˷Уǲʰ˶ͷźԺŰŷ˳ֱӵϡ
ֻӶſϰ죬ֱŤŤСĵĲ𿪡
Ϊ˱ӣŷⲢûּ
Ȳŷͷŵõֽ
ͷһɷдд֣ƸǧӺ֮
ˣǲʿȴͨ졣
ŮʮǰҲԺ飬ס۹ǰʱҲģκǬֻм޵дǰͷЩ󵨵ĻҲǲ֪
һ뵽ǸƽǰκǬд仰ǲоЩʧְֽıϲ
Ƭ̺ŰֽС
һŴȴֽӡ
żӡ
ǰԼڼʱξƴԼûæֺ褣Ҳǳ˼αŸԺȴ
ŲҲãǲʻҹʡʱҪӦձŵļԼɴųƲ˲ȥ
һŵļǲҲûȥģ򸮾ȥЩȻ֪ǲȴκǬǰֵģϴ԰ᣬС˶˵ټμӡ
ˡ
ǲнϴ԰ʱ̫ԼκǬȥ򸮵¡
˵һ̫ȥμŵļԭ鵱ʱȻʵίɣ˾гǷı̫Ϊ£Źȥġ
һжԵǲʲ԰ϣſ϶û¹
ô̫ҪȥκǬҲҪȥǺôӡ
κǬŲŸ͹Σʱ򸮵Ըӡ
Ǵ˵֪ԹǻŲȥҪġ
ӵС˹ŵĻظһ顣
ţȰӸ°ɡǲʲ̲ĵ
СæǴﻹ˵ԹﶼԼˣȥȥҲӰǵĸ飬Թǡ
Щһһһ˵ǲ£һˡ
ǰԼĶ£ԼƽϡͳȥǶԶֲִŲƽء
С˼ǲǵĲ˵ץԴֶ˵˾䣺ﻹ˵ղĽЩ˾͹
ǲаЦ²ԼǶԶִİɡ
̴ǸѾͷֵ۹ȴѾǲʻҹԶЩ
ʵҲϲҴʱ˵ŵĸ׸ԸԱȥңԭûкøС
ٳȾҲȲǼҵĶ
ּǲʲ𻰣ǲʿƴȴ֪˵ȸ°ɣʱǹӺЩ˵ȥȥ
С˲˵ģҪˡ
һ¡ǲʺȻڡ
κǬضҪԼҲȥ˵ʲôҪ¶ҪԼǲɫ˱䣬ϵĵĮȥһЩ
֡
ĺֱͣɵСŮ˰ˡ
֣ЩҲҲöˣڼûȤȥɡ
ıֵĸ첲бЭԭǿǲʲԸȥô˵ģȻǲȥȻû⡣
ЦЦúãȻȥʱӦҲҪؾˣŷһͬȥա
лҪ˵۹  ˼
ƽ˼Ż˼㺦˼Ƹƣ˿һڴˣǧӺ֤֮ʱǺʱưʱ°ʱ

 49 £׽棩

򸮡
ȥԸС˻ȥš
С㣬ū͵, Թ˵һ
Сƽµ, ԸߵĽŶ, ϲĹ
֪ȴɫ΢ĸ׶һۺŵʵԹ, ֻԸ˵ģɺЩˣ
ūż, ֻūҲϸ, Ըֵ˼ԭƴǵ, Թȴ˵Լˣͬ, ԹС׺񡣡С̾š
ԭü佱ȴֻǵ, Ӧȳȥˡ
С˲Щʧ, Դ, Ÿճû, һײҵĴ򻴡
ࡡ
С˳ūĵС, ˵ֻŴͷײˣԼȴײһˤ
ֻҪˤ֮ʱһ˫ּʱקסĸ첲
С̧ۼ򻴣æŵ˵ڵء
лӣū·۾, ûūſŰɡ
ͨĶŵʣĸŮǰСȫͬӻֲĵҵްǱײòᡣ
С֪ǸƽϵƢͷٺЦūȻȲӣٺ١
ҲЩҪţ´СЩȥɡ

º͵ЦݽС˰ѷŵʧ価ߣаԼǲСײ˴ӣָҪôء
򻴵ĸҵˣԭƽ˼Ҷ
ϧ˶ûñȥˣ˼ΪŭΪе򻴽ӵƽ
ֻվĹѪƽϷȥԺ˵ʲôĸ游ˣƽ޹ھ˾˼ҲǸ¶ӲǰҪ˻
򻴵ΨһжĸŮ׺ȴԺԼкҲҪƽʱֻǲ䲻ȵģҲ
ƽ򻴵׾˾ˣͬϸʱһ޶Ҳû˸ҿ򻴡
ƽ˼ǼϷ˽̵ĺãȫȻûа׵ĻϰʮĸŮȴԹТִԡ
򻴽ռҴҵıҪȥƽȥֹľ˾˽ӷϴ
һȥȻҪЩȥΪƽ׺ȴ٣Ц
򻴸մ򸮵Щӳȥ򸮹ܼұĿҴȥ
һߣ˵Ż
ŮԭǲʲˡšüͷԹ
ԭҲֻǸСҵŮĸҲԺգ˲ŽͬСš
˰һţˣǿԼңϵãôҲһ񡣡
˵ɫźһЩˣ̫ӵҲĸӦ֪ǲı־ֻ̫ӵ¾͡
ʲôļǵյǣ˵ˣ㲻˵һȫô
˵Ц죺輧ϣҵǾ㣬±Цء
ҲЦ˳ǲةŮȴǸнû۵ˣǸñá
ֻԼʱ򻹵öలοǣǵĽҪˡ
ˡͷ򸮹ܼҺȻ
ܼĿСĵĻŴ˷Ҫȥ˶ʮӣڿⷿȡָֻ˵Ҫȥƽĺ񡣡
Żɫ糣˺Ȼصĵϡ
ءһĲյ𶯡
ʮӣ˲ߣʵŲߡ
ƽȥ֣һָѵģҪʮӣҪʲôȥǰƽԼһ򸮵Լң
Ϸȥ磬ĸܼҲÿд֧
ǹأֻܼӲͷƤŵ˵ƽȥˣٶɽͽ¶Ϊͣƽ¶Բš
˻δ˵űȿ˿ڣʲôҲ룬ҵĴӣƽ¶ʲôϵͰȥ˼Ǯȥ
һӡ
ø׳谮ÿԼǸӣ֧ʹӸҲ⣬Ψš
ΨһĵŮÿ¾ǿͰ͵ļǮԼ̫뼸λҪҲΪ졣
ĸŮŭ𣬹ܼĵ˼ƽԼڣÿڲ֪˶ٶĸŮûĸңôǱȲİɡ
ˣƽҲûǸͶġ
Ǹͣ
¶һЦ͵ЩȫֱӼ򻴵˽⣬кθɡ
ðΣ˲ѹеĲ죬йܼȻȥԼԺү˵
ĸס̾˿Щί
ôҵļ񣬽Ůûµء
յ֪Ŀϱ߶ʮӵ۲ѣ˿Ů˵䲻ȴֻú԰ο
˸µͷ𣿡
˼ҹﶼǴͷεϺõأŮҲҪ
򸮵Ǯһ󲿷ڹܣһȴ֧ȥĸŮЩҪǮɫЩá
ļҪģʱҲҪٵǮΣ˴ȻͷģȴҲԼɫǼʲôҲףĸάּճѾףŰҲСˣЩǡ
ЩСŲ֪˶ٱˣÿҪЩʲôʱ򣬱Щƴǣͷ˵ԼЩᣬĸױģҹŮһִ󷽡
ͱǲʣֱһ£ԼÿȥԸֻҪԼֳʲôϲǲʱһ͸Լ
ĸЩŮֻ򻴼ʮ˵ǾãŮͲܣǸƫĵĺܡ
˵޷ζԼǮʹǲ˵ûܵЩ
*
ԸУǲʰǰĿʲôԶԶǲỰٿŷǻﾹֽ
ֽɷһдܷһ㣬ǲֻţȴó
ʲô̴Ȼˡ
С㣬ͷˡ
ǰǼС꣬⼸ҴСã̴бСҲǺõġ
ǲ˼ȻϣæĽеĻӺϲŻعʲô
̴ЦЦū˵Ҵˡ
ˣС˼Լÿ϶Ҫŵġ
ǲʵͷָѻԱƣ̴һȥ
Ȼն˵ԼûˣȻûɻؾֻǲһ뵽Լֻίߣ̲סĶġ
ǲʣδ߳ȥԶƼŻϲı
ǶҲǲʵԺ֣Źû
˵ЩˣæˣЩӲˡ
űԺȵĳסǲʵĸ첲ǲԺߣǲȴɫİѸ첲гиҵЦЦ
̴ȻһĻ
ǰûȴͻȻ֣ԼСǰ㽿ݵĸ첲û˵ͳ
ٿǼСҲûȣóȻ׽ֲСò
̴߽Щǲʵĸ첲ʧѵС㲡ŸպãʱҲҪעЩ
лҪ˵ҳŶǺú

 50 

̴ǲΪ׽̴ӣû۹ֱ, ǲҲܺܿ⡣
ȷΪǲͻȻҴн, Ͼ첲ϾҪյġ
ŵĸ첲̴ôһӱ㲻ԾԱ˼, ǲЩ롣
ࡣҼ̫, ǰˡǸЦЦ
ϾǰǲǰҪãղ, , ǲԾǰЩûʲôͬ, ôҲ벻ǲѾˡ
ǲҲȥֻЦЦ¡
Ҿ֪ǲˡϵǸʱʧ, Ц§סǲʵһ߸첲
ӦҪȥŵļ̫ôҲ, ǲ䲻ԸȴҲûѿ, ̴ֻü˵һߡ
, 㵽ʲô, üضָˡ
ǲʻֱԸ˷ԸŹҵ, ʧܴȥģˣҲֻѰһʲôȴδ⴫
ǲʱ˵ĽڵֻǵˮȰˣ򽻴˵м, ¼˷׺Щӡ
ˮž۾ɵϴֻˮеа׽˵ˮ¶ˣةҲڣټԸЩūţ϶ء
źȻԼΪָæĸϹ
ŵģǲЦһδο˼
̴ǸģǲҲֿˣôû۷
ңǺǡɴˣҲԼӦЩȣεĹĵ
ǲʱŵԲŵĽӲȻˣҼأ˵ǲǣ
һ˵һ߿ţЦе۾ͬÿ⼸ǲӼ޵ºر˽֯˿ӳᶯˡ
ģ԰ǲʹȻǴǰԴԼģһɲǵĸҸжԼˡ
ǣôϵʽÿǴԼϸжá
ǲʵԺ̴ǲʰȥ
ţǽİɣʽǰûǺÿˣ˵ҽûΣﾹȻ˵ҪѲ٣Ҽλֱ֧ʹʮȥ
ǲʱض˳Ļ˵ԹԼҵЩ£δǼ
ֻǲȴûǸ£Ը̴嵹Ҽбľ¶ǲҲûãԼӹá
㱻ĸ˲֪ԼûӣĶܹĺðǼ类̴ߣǲҲûҪ͸Լ˼
ܹѰ˼ҺõĶࡣǲʶ˶٣ͼתƻ⣺·ݺöûüԣɹ˸ݹȣζģ
Ŷϸһڣúȣ°յҼҲϸĵĳӱˣֻȫֺô硣
ǲʣ
ǰԼԹкģֻǰŹϵãźѼҪܶԷȱţȻֻ֪ǰԼйĹãеֻǲͷ
ǲʲԼĻűŵͷ򲻵ģǲҪ䷽һݣҴ
һݵӣúõĹŮոûԹһ㣬ǲʰ̾˿ҲѰĹɹϷۣûʲôӣһ˸һݻȥˡ
棿֪ǲĵˡ
ǵ˶ЩǰЩǲûȥߢ԰԰λᣬЩʺ¶˵
ĩֺڼĸ˵¶м£Щڲû˵
СĿ˿ǲʵɫԴοĽŵƹ㣬йء
輧¶ɡ
ŵԤϣǲĮ˵ԥ¶
ԭ֪ˣܹбԵʣ䶨ģĪҪѹ
»˱˵ĿǲʵѿֻڼкѣֻԼ˵һⰲοǲʡ
Ҳѹǲգ۾ⲻѹ»֪²ֳء
ǲɫ糣֮ʲôģѹ˵˵Ҳʡıи̡
ǲʧЦû¶ûʲôϵˡ
֮ǰ˵ϻҪͻ顭
¶ǲʥⲻܴģǲǾЦˣ㲻˵˵԰λỹʲôİɡ
ЩˣǰǲʳԼ˵ıСŮҵ¶ǹģԭǲ֪˱ضѹãô޹ذ㵭Ȼ
ֻǲڿԼķưˡ
˵˻ͷЩЩȥؼҲ󷽱㡣
ŸҪƼǲʰϰڷĻ
֮ǰǲʷǱһֽ
ҲڿⱾǽͷϡ
ǲͷһӵı˲ֻܺ𣬱򶨣ƪͦȤģ㷭
˵ɣȴһգգĽǱǽͷϡ
ҲԼ˵УǱֻ˵СűɣֽȴС
۹ԵСŮּνͣ
⻰˵дúõҲֻͨϷ˺ǲŽһ԰ձ㳪ͷϷ
˵ʲôǲʲںֻܴӦţǻﱻذڶţǲʵСҲƺ
һвصòֽһͬƮ˳
ֽ泬˵ϣۼķ»ͷʲô
̶־۵ףǲʴ˿ȥѾֻϸῴʲôǴаֽ
ǲʰֽùԺųţ˿ǿбֻʵ䷴罫ƾͼơ
ддûʲôÿģ⻰ҪĻȥϹӵģŮ±˷˰ɬ
˼ֽϵ仰˴𰸡
ֲ÷˵ǲʲʮ⣬㿴ֽ¾дοĻֵıʼǸ˵ģŶǲʵ˽̶ȣֻܸдš
УҲҲⱾǽͷϡҿ˰һɫ
ǲа˿ţȥ
һǰˣǲʻصűԼųŵֽ㶡
ǰģǽΪдԼģǰԼйصģҲֻһˡ
ŲûּΪдҲΪ
ƴƲϵһʱ˵ˡ
*
ֹ˼죬ةظӡ
һԸ˱ſںˣ˷˼ӭӡ
㣬˵游᲻Ǵˮѽ˷ȵĳǲʵ䣬ӶҪĲģ
ǲʱˣֶһۣһ鶼ô
ģ˷Žɣˮزֻ游ٽֵóԣԼҪϲء
ţƭʲôǲĵĵ
ãҾȫˣҲְܷһ顭
ǲʼԼȴֵ̿ҡҡͷ𣬰ȫ㡣
˷ϷŪǲЦһš
ֵ˵˷ԴҲݼ·̣ܴûֻǴѾ֪ȳʲôζأ
ΧѾҲЦ˷׹
㣡
˿˷׹ģЦ˷С۶ĺӣһƬȴֻͷԴȥһȥ
ʱֹսǴȻһ죬ŶСָԸˡ
ȳߵǰʱδͣ㱻ͷˡ


δǷӦǲ˷˱Ѿ˵Ĵǰȥ
Էһ˫ŮƵݣ˿һһĨ᣺úãȱ֣ȥ˵
һںȫ׵Է˴ӻݡ
ǲǰٸнһļίһӿͷҲƲסˮӰľ䡣
Է˴δԼŮģֻΪԼãǰһִŶ˵¶ɵ۵İ§˻
ԣأ˲ˡ
ԷǲʺظţǲԾɸһĵᣬҪ⼸еί赽ȥ
ذҲ˰
Ů޵ѹССԼﲻסĲţԷĶҪˣ˱ĸЩ֪Լڡ
ôҵĶ᲻ǡ
ֹ˺һǲƽЩͷԷ˻̧޵۾ֺףԷ۵ĲУȥ׼ëָǲʷȥ
˷С¼ùãּ޵ģҲѹüηҪ§סԷ˺úְԼѾǸСӺ˼
Էһۿ˷첲˷ǲһͬ§ο˺ˣⲻǻˣͳûأѹЦЦýҷĲǡ
ʱǲʲźùһЩ̧ͷԷϲ֪ʱƣȦԾֺҽаﲻʡˣԲ𡭡
ʲôʡĲʡĵġԷ˼ŮҪᣬ۵ļæֹסĻͷ
һ̥ʮģϵ⣬Ǻúõذ㿪ġ
ǲ֪ﲻٽԼѹۿеӽδ仹˻ȥסͷ
ĸ˺˵˻ӻǲʿϵľȴǿ˵˷ʹ˸ɫ
һ·࣬ȺϢٹɡ
˷ҲæԷ˻ѣѵùɵĸڰͷ
ԷȴҡҡͷЦǲʵ֣أŻΪؾ͵ȥʹְȥ˵ˣҲûˡ
ôͽְˣǲʲŴ͡
ɻδ˵ҪԼء
ĸ׵֪Ů£ǲʽŵɫԷ˱µ˼Եʣɫ㵭
Ѿˡ
ǲס
ǰȻҲеԵʣԼһϲ޵ģֵ󲻵òеּ
ҲԼţ°ԼŪֲˡ
еΪѲ˵ԵԼ¡
Էɫ΢ŭȴָǲʣǸ輧ѳֲסĻɫԶǰһƬ⣬ģѾֺˣ˴νְ⣬ʥϲٴͻ飬⵵¶㲻˵ʥҲٴͻˡ
Լǲ˿ǾýеΪԼˣֵ֪輧¶⡭
֪ԷɫתůǲʵͷࣺԼԵʣŮԵĺӡ
ֵνǲʰô»Ҫ밢ȷԵʵģʵѾԽӽֻΪԼҡ
ǲʽһߢ԰м뷽һ¶˵ֽκǬ壬˵κǬеһңıɡ
һϽ˴󵨡Էп
˷Ҳһһ㶣ԭֻǾ롯ģȴ֪Ǽһңı
ҲڵУϵش˷ɱȥ˵ǲʷԸ
ʡģ¶Ҳֵġ
˷֤ǲʵ˵ͷջҪſڣԷȴȻʲô
ԷɫЩ˷⼸¹οкúһҪѯʵġ
˷ԭû뵽ЩԷ˺Ȼ˲ȥ
ԷˣžҪˣȻ鷿׼׼ʱ˷㰢ɲ顣
˿˷Ҳ˼ʲôӺˣС˶ΧԷȥĲȥ
ԸңԷҲݴʷ֮Ůڶѧϰһ㶼á
ȥ
˷Է˼֣ǲǲһҿǲӣ֮˷ֻίͰ͵ȥ鷿ϰΡ
˷뿪Է˲ɫһתǲʵ˵˵Ӿôһ¡
µŮ£˷ǸкҲС˵㣬ԷŰ֧ߡ
ǲ΢΢һ֪ȻԼĶܣվҪ֪ģŻ˿ڡ
ﻹǵСʱ㻹ʱҽô
ԷͷţǼǵʱĲֻôȥˣΡ
һŮʵǱһ˸˵ģʱŮŮװǱҪŮС̫ġ
˵ԷԴ𱸵ĵ˵ǲʵĶͷǲʲ˼Ľŵս£ϳҺͰҳ˹
¶޷ǾΪ˶ʥּκǬæġ
һнԷŷǲʳֻةȴǵϲŻ˷˺ðĹΣ˷п಻Ҳ
һ񣡡
һ˾һԷ˵תة
˵һʦģ˻ƵƵԸҹһ輧Ҫѳֲס˱˵ҹɷ򲻺ϸ񣬾Ҳ첻ã
ةıɵķŭ֪񲢲ϲǲʵŭҪ֪۰ǲʸ˷ｿŮҪļȥȥġ
ŮҪϸѡҪõĲſźá
ȻҪŮϲȻǻʵˣҲӲɡ
úӣֻɫǲϡҸõûģԸһҲ޲ɵģ˷˺ú㰢ҲЩ
ǲʸж֮ȴЩЦĪˣҲǿϵģ¾ʹ˰ˣԺǣǡ
ɲǡԷҲ˵˵ǼҶûҪƵġ
ةһ͵ҿû˼˵ǼҶҪҲҪõС
ةһ˵Լҷˣ㻻һŵյϣ˵ݿƳһʱ¾ǳվһ档
ǲԷס
ةŵƳһ´˴ֵʮִ󣬿̫һ˵ɽˮǽǿǵģȥ鷢ֲǣʵûз˲ִ˵ġ
ҰЩ׵Ŀ񿼹лߵ֤ڳ󣬡ֻôִҾô±ҪϲſһӰ٣ɡ˵ǶᣬһʱͿҪᣬ۴֮ʱȴȻվ˳̲оһͨûϳͱֹʷ¼
˵˴ةƬ̵Ҫ֪´ǰϲͷˣΪͻȻ棬µȷҪϳͲУȻûɷϣ֮ʢĿƾٱֻǸռˡ
ԸһֱֻʥϣһκǬǰʥԲ̫Ʒϵλ
ʵ̫֮ίʵѵΣةҲǵǻϵּ⡣
ǲȻκǬǸλøΪЩ룬ΪκǬ˵仰
Ů˵̲ǸϿĵضҲǸΪעɷˣЩİɡ
ةͷ⵹ǣǰұ䱻ʥϳΪϲŭѶȴǸΪԭˡ
κǬǲʵ¶ةȻҲֻ֪ǲʼȻ˵Ϣģûɡ
ŶˣıϢȷ
ةɫǲЩҲҪ飿
ȻҪ鶼ܣǻ
ǲʵǵ̾˿Ů֪Ҫ֣¼ȻѾҪȥ飬ǿ϶ҵóѵģٲǽ˻ӽᵳ
ǲʵ뷨ةȻ뵽Цԭǵĵģʥϵ˼ɲµ׼أȻҲôİةֻڰЭ°ˣֱӳġ
ԭˡ
ǲһ߰̾Լǣһ߲ŷ
*
ת۱㵽żգԷǲһͬȥ򸮡
ŰȥǲҶѾ񣬰ôЩӹȥƽױ
ǲСҪ֪ǰЩӾţҲǱŴȥЩ軰֮ġɴ˿ɼͷ֮ʱ֪˶ٺöȥ
ǲʻ֪뷽ȴԼ¶˵ԷԷȻǲʵ⡣
Щ͹ȥֻ¶Է˽͵˳ǷӪλȻҲ࣬Щ˴ԼҲةฮȻ׵ 
иƹܣǷӪͬǱȴֻھлڻʵ۵ĽλȻͬ
ԷˣǲȴԾɵģң褻⣬ȫûʲôøС
֪롣
Է¶һ˿񣺡ֻǹٳˣҲΪϲ˵Ϊˣǰĺֻĸײһε¿ҲǸûʲôġ
ƽ˼ҶС㻳ʱܹݣжҷ˶ģֻǰĵλβ˶ȲѲȥġ
ȵ򸮣Ϳͷͣ˲ٳ
һǲʱ㿴˲ٸ߹ٹء
ǲԼʱвٹԱĽ°ͽة࣬ةȴԾֻǲԼõļλأɵöӡҲ˼֡
ӴԷˣǼǲʹɡ
ƽ༸λԶԷ˱ӭӡ
ƽһǰŹ˶С¶˳𣬿Դ򱻽ӻԺƽһҹҲЩ
żǡ÷Ȼʡ
˷˺áǲһһλʺá
Ľζֻ飬ʱӮλǵĺøС
ƽˣǰƽճɻ鵫ü궼йʱ򻴱ϷƽУ򻴵׺򻴽УҲкӡ
ЩȥƽϥҲֻһкʮҪһС۰ϧһֱС
¼ǲеΧԷԱߣģΪƽƵĶҪˡ
ԷˡƽԱߵķ˻˻λã˹
ǲҲ֪ƽ˶Сµģ˶ƽЩøУæȥһůůЦ⡣
Цü䣬ȴֲʧ
ŵļǲʲô̫ڣֻѡһɵ˵ǾɵȴҲûΣ۵Ķɫеĸޡ
ƽͷЦĶԷ˵ǼСӾֻѧʲôգǹҺðֻ˵ġ
Էǫɱ仵ˣͷ˵ǹ˷ĵء
ҹͲǸݵӡƽΪִĵһ˶㽾ܽȥ
˵ҼСҲǸƤġԷЦЦ˵˷ƽʱŵãԺǼֱֵҰƤÿ߶
Բ˵ءƽٴ̾
ְԳԷ˵䣬ͷ̽˹ȥʵǼҹ˼û
СǽԼңָ졮ﰢĽԼͷöԼС˵ĺá
ԼСǸһϰģСﲻϲ򻴿Ǹ׼׼ĶˣǡĸĸĻԸҲǸ˵ġ
⻰ǲһȻ˲
˷ˣǲʽİͷ˹ȥ
ӵģǽƽϲֻǵ׹Ů棬Цӯӯúúã˵Щ˵Щ
Ӧ£ƽȴԾƸԷ˸ɫԷȻᣬֻǲһĹȥٴһ˵
εļ񲢲ͷ԰鲢֪ԼŮѾ̫ӶۣǰŮпͷֿдġ
ȻҲû뵽ǲʽֻдǲĲ
ǲԶԶȻżĶ
ǼȻһ»̫ضҲа취
Ȼ̫ӵµոմűȲ˳ȥ
һԵȻҲ׵ģ¶һЦҴ
ߵĽ⴩Ŵһߵʱǡñ褵İϡ
һƱϡ
ߵĽû⡣
ѾӱĸŮһ£Ҳܲʡ
ʵ褽չֻĸ׵ķԸˣͶ鿴õȻĸҲԼʲôֻϷġ
ɼǸһ򵭶ˣҵıˮһְ򸮲֣׻ί
еѾӲûҪҧ˿ֻõͷѰطȥ
ҹ
һ˫ȵץס褵֣ŵ̧ͷֻƼǲʾµĲЩĵġ
褶ǲʵӡȫġ
ָĶУȴģ褲ϲҲȴ֪ΪǲʺȻְԼ
ǲʰԸϣڳҳһԼѰõ·Ϻŵºˣǻȥɡ
褣
ˣǻȥɣ
ǲʴǰû̫ϵѲɾΪǲŹϵòŰԼģ
ǲʼĲ˼飬ЦЦҿɲŲŴģֻǷĶҲֻ£ֻǸСҲлҲطϡ
褼󷽣ԵԼ˼˵ͷš
ʵǲʰûԵ˼
ֻǸպƼ˷һĻߢ԰ʱ褵Ļ¡
ǲʲΪлҲΪԼжôֻǡֻİˡ
ǰȻѾȥǱԼһǡ
ȥ·ϣô˵ѵڣЩԥ˰ν˽ȭͷ˵ǲʹɻǵϴߢ԰԰𣿡


 51 £һ


һͬȥߢ԰ȥ԰ʱ뷽һ, ֻ֪
ŵָǲ˵, ɵ¹һҺҸԺ˻һжˡ
ֻ褱ȽϾ, Լǲʽ£ǲŹϵɣǲ, Լⲻˡ
ǲʼɫգԵҡҡԴʱžûȥɡ
ҧҧ촽, ǿЦź, ߢ԰޵һ»㲻, Թȥơ
ôû˵ⷬ
ǲǸϲɽˮģΪֻǾúҪԼƼ, Ц˵Ǹɽˮˣ˵Ǳض, пձػȥ͡
šʼջû˵ڡ
˵֪˶滽һ, ﵽҲֻǸ, ƽĳ谮ǵ, ȴǸƤģ˲һ²һµĵĮӡ
»صλʱ, ŵλǿŵġ
ŵĺӣλ˶ѾûӰӣЩסˡ
Ȼ֪Ůڣ̫ӵ´Ϲϵ, Ժ˵鲻̸̫ĸŮпҶ̲סͽһ
ⷬȥΪЩʧҲֵ֧ġ
ϷѾϷĿ¼λ˵Ϸ
ȵʲôѽǽȵ˵ĺءƽƿЦ
ƽôһ˵ŷ粻ϯˡ
ɼη˺֪ΧɨһȦ˵һûŹˡ
ע⵽ŮûڣвԹƽҲ֪Ǿ״ĵĻǫѷǼٿ
εЦСŮҵĴ󣬽ĿͶЩǴﵽˣһ
˵ţװģĲǲߵĴѾǰȥѰˡ
ƽϯɨһȦĹȫԹڰߣǼһһͲӰġ
˵ϲСŮҲҪϲԷ˼ҴǰĲźá
һɳȥѾͷ˵Ķߵ˵ЩʲôɫȻ
̰ЩϹ˸ʹλеϷǣȥơ
ǿЦ˵꣬㼱Ҵҵȥ
ǲȴ֣ѾǰСĵô̰˻ߵ˴æϯϵһڿ˶˲ˡ
棬ǲҲܲ׷ȥѯʣǰǱǽͷϡֻ˿ͷ˼˵еһϷаӽζĿϷ
дп͵ϯϣƱ뵽̫үҲǰȾ̫үһ
̫ЦźһƣɵҡӣµǾܽӴ󰡡
ǰ̫κǬͬԭֻǿһȴû뵽κǬӦǰٲ;ᣬǽʮ־ȡ
κǬ֣̫ǰȻҪǫѷֻ̫ӵ˰ˡ
ǹǰȥơ
̫ӵλȹ̣ʥҲʮأȴףԴλ볯Ժ󣬴ǰҵ̲ܵ÷˵ͬǾҪӻҪࡣ
̫ӡ
̫ʥϵĳ谮㹻ˡ
ƹѲ̫ӵ̴ӽ̫ӵ͵һ㣬Ѱ˽ڱϯȥ
Ϸݰգ˷Ҵҹ
ŹˣηǸĵģ̲סʵ
ҡҡͷЩأҩЪˡ
ǿ̫ˣô˵Ҳļ񣬾ֳ¶ηϸԼүϣ߸˵ģֳ輧ҵķ¶̾˼
ϯҲûǰ֣پƷȴҲɵ԰ӣҵĹʱԼĵš
η˼ҵСŮֻ˷꣬ηǸȵӣλŮȴСС͸˷һ㰮ڣϷר˳칬ݡ
ϯûͬĹֻǲʸֻ꣬Ǹƺ«ССȲܵǲߡ
Ӻó𣿡
ιﲻ֪ǸϵӤʻδȥԲཱུԲԲ۾ǲӡ
ȴסֱ˵Сģ˷һޣǲϲ֮ͷϷ۵ľ
ǲ֪Ҫԣȴֻ˵˲ŸֿһţŪƵЦóԵġ
˿ǵ͹ιſˮҽγϪѰɡ
ѽ
ǲʴӦγϪСִ䶵ͳŰõĻǲУһֻܳһţľ͸ˣӻҰɡ
ԭѾҪӳԣŶ̲סǳЦ
ǲҲֵᵽ˰ĻִץһѸؿڴУһǻôأ߲ˣ
γϪﻹ˵ЩȲİӷһߺĻشţá
˻γϪ־ûȤη˵Ҫǲȥ䡣
żҴǰǲҲΣȻûʲôʵĵγϪִֵҪȥֻø˵һȥ˺԰ӡ
ճȥû߼ǲʾƼһϤס
Թտɺá
˾Īʣǲ֮ǰ֪κǬҲҪģȴŸճĪʣһֱڵԼһ㡣
ţϯƵûţιתת㡭
үأ
ʣȴûʳûˣ໹иСܲγϪء
ȻγϪĪɻʵ˭
ūµ̴ӣλȤūŷƼ򸮶ϽǴǧ
γϪ͵ĺǰֵʱ⻰۾һǲʱҪȥ
ǲʽӡüˣЦĺܻԼӳԣǲʵ־ͲԸɿ
ĪһƵЩżԸǲʹ˸ɫ
ϪǲȻĽסǧǽСʱߵλȥȥתת
Ϫһ𣬽㲻ȥұҲȥˡ
ƵǲʵϣĪԽżǲֻֽȰתתûʲôģԹԹȥһȥ㡣

ǧٸһγϪüıͬˡ
ĪʴγϪԶǲһ
ȻĪһߣҲûԼĶȥ
䲻ҪҸһʱҲѣǲվԭãţϤ
λվڴ˵ؿѰ·ˣ
ǲʲĻͷƼκǬֶԼ֪ͷ˲䰲
ʱܷʲôֻҪκǬڣǾһԼġ
򸮣ǲð˺ŵֿ
κǬ֪룬οƺȶ˼ҳɢɢǡ϶ѣ㲻صġ
˷κǬõģǲʻؾǺδʽĳԼƽ޹ȥǲʣûͷϹأ˲룬Ӱǲʵס


 52 

ȥǰ߰ɡ
κǬȻȻĿڣǲʼҲֻм, ͷӦ¡
˲ǰȻټ򵥲ɢ, κǬȴѾ
üղǱʱҪЩ, ԹǰżŻؼңԭûгԺá
ôҲЩ
Ҳ, ͵ĳҲʵ
ҪעѣôԼȴĴ磿ĺ, ˵ĵҲܴ, ô㲻ע⡣
κǬԺһʱӿ̫̫Ļ, ȴֻüͷһ䣺ҪҷԸ˸ü
ǲ, ԥĿڣʱ˵ģ², 䡣
䣿
κǬǲϲȻĺ, Ȼ, Ⱦˣ˶٣
һǲʲԾ, ʲô±ץ˰
ҺȵģŮôҲƴǵ, Ҳ
Ů͵ľƶӾƣҲµĲңǲЩǵľ뱭¶Ǿÿһվˡ
κǬŵͷֻǾò
˴ǰͬһס, ô˵˵ǲʻظȥԸǲʳע⣬ָǲԭġ
ǧĻǲȴ֪Խˣ̧ΧʵĲ˳ô
ǲʱκǬֽ¼һЩ췴йصԼǲܼǵ¼
ֻǰҲδ漰̫©
ĪʼҴҹ򸮣ǲʱΪκǬʲôҪԼ
κǬԹʲô˼֣Ŀǰûʲô⣬ȻѴ½ңȻ
κǬΪΪҵ²ģ㰲Ļش
ǲȴЩãԭûҪԼİҲԼӵˮƽһѾʵףκǬõԼæء
š
ǳӦ£ȻûбҪԼô˵ֻǸԼκǬҪûҪԼҲ˼ɡ
ԭԼˣòԼġ
»Ե𣿡
⻰κǬȻʲô˼Ҫѻȥء
γϪСԼǱ߶ҲģӦҪȥ͡
ĪһӶס
κǬ˳ȰŸ˵˼仰ȲҪߡ
ŭǲܣվԭزǰߣСȭͷŴŻίʵʲôף
˵ͱҪ֮ơ
κǬЩŭ鵱±ɢҲûзǰֱ׳ˡ
Щ޴ĿǲĪίɫҪȴºȻ˹ֻôսЩ
Ҳδ׵ġ
ֻʵǿӲЩ
̲ɱ⻹Ҫ˰ٱˣ̲Щ˲øǱԼģ
У
ȦٲȻѾʼ죬еˮҲԽ۳ӾҪϣһǲӲס漴תҪȥ
ٿ죬ҲûκǬϰ֮ٶȣŸһתκǬµһĶ˿Ҳ˵ûˣֱ㽫ǲס㵽Ա߼ɽȥ
κǬٻͷȥѾۡ
һҪϯȥأ㰢λش𣿺úãҷЩҲãĪҪˡ
ˣǿ޺Ȼᱻ￴ǲʻ˺ðƽҪֲκǬѾһݵǰ
Ҫ˵ǲͳԼϲ˲Ҫʣǲˡ
ǲҪȥκǬæ֮æҪʡ
ʲô
㡭ÿɺã
ǧֻôһ仰
ǲû뵽ԼԭΪǱ£һʱҲ֪λشǺãԥֻ˵ͷ
СģԵÿɰκǬ̾˿̲סŲ۵ϸţǱˡ
ϱĴһǲͷŻع
ֻЩ黳ʵĪǺ⣿
κǬȻĴȻǸҪ
ɽĿ϶һͬЩӵǲʶκǬ񣬵вû˿֮⡣
ԼϹЩʲô
κǬǿȫˣضҪԺʲôҪѯԼʱýŽʶҲڵʱٻֽš
ʲô
ֻ˵ͷڴʲô
Ժǲ΢΢ͷȥҡ
һЩԺҲˡκǬһ͵
δ˵ڵĻҲ˵ֻĬĬӦ¡
һ̼ɽȴȻһҵĿСѾͷǶ׷һȥ
ǲκǬԭװףֻƫƫͶڼɽ棬˭ҲƲĵض˭֪Щʲô
æִκǬóҪҴҳȥȴֱκǬקס
ţûϵġ
ͳǲʳģͷӵȥԺκǬŴǲ˳
ǳʲôӣϯĪʰιͻһͬȥȥ
κǬ֮ǰûԤϵģҲʮɻ󣬲ǲǣǲʵľͺá
ǲæͷ˵Եıתȥ
ϯԽˣһĪʲŰγϪ
Īʰ˴ҲҴȥγϪȺҲĽ
㣬ô¶
̣СѾͷ̫ӵʲôģǲʱ²²غԼκǬҲһڡ
γϪüıԼĸ첲ߣҡҡͷҲ̫㷽Ŀɾˣ
߹ȥһƨɶûȺؾͺȻҵĸϽͻˡγϪԲüͷٶһš
ǲЦԴ
ȥԺϯŵȴûӰҵСѾȫ˽š
ǸսȥγϪ㱻η˽Ľ˹ȥ§ڻٲ
ԷҲæǲ֣ǲʲȴҲæࡣ
ǳʲô¶
Էҿסǲʵ֣յߵǹ̫ӵġ
̫κȻʺйӣʥϳ谮ȻʺҲʮ۰̫ӣټϼ̻ʺδжҲ̫ӵ׶Ӱϥ¡
ʢ̫֮ӱı˽̫࣬ӷ棬ϯ۴СٲӰ̫δĻʵۣǽһЩҲδɣԽȴҲԽ
ЩвԹκλϻʹ˵Եʣֻ̫һˣ˰ٹһʱ侹ٸҲ̫ӡ
ֻҪһǣ̫ϣ۴Сᱻڹȥ
ͱǰЩӳ֪лһ£κǬҪƽ̫ӴӴȥǳ֪λԻĺι̡
ǲʲĿŰԷȴðζ˵
ôˣ
Է̾˿ҡҡͷ򸮺Ժһ˵ľ֮ҵĿūȫ򸮵С˽лϯϣЩŵ˻ػ˵¶غ̫ӡ
۳ϯϵ˶һ룬Է˸ǵ¶Ȼغ̫ӣǱضǲȥģȻȥ˵ǣȱˡ


 53 £

ϯϳ֮ȴԳ, 򸮵ĹܼŻˡ
λСʵǶԲס, ǼҴճԻ˶ʹ̣ſ, ͲλˣΪǸ⸮±˵㱡¡
ܼ뷽ŷ, Ĳ֪źˣ˵Ǹ, ֻܰƳͿ͡
λ˸ɫ, ֻܼҸطȥ
˵ⷬԺ, ѻСˣԼҴȥпǱˡһС, ܼʱ̴ְؼȥ
Ŀ˶ǾţҲȱǵ, ˶ûֿ˱ڰֱȥ
Էͬ, ˿̰ͲҲ̤һ, ǻ񿴶ûһ۱ǲʼҴҵĳ򸮡
ִټǲγϪһ, ССγϪͬηҲû˵̫ࡣ
ò, ǲȲʵǺ°
Էɫֱ䣬ֵ¶ŮһǱˣֻҪ֪̫йĪҪʱ˴ǣʥ϶̫Ҳ, ֪粻֪ĺá
Խ˵ǲʱԽ֪δʣԷֵϲˣںǼңֻ˾ǣ˵ʲôġ
ԷֹǲʻҪʵ˼
֮죬ǲʶ뵽ô¶
һŵļϲδʲôش󵽹غ̫ӵ飬֪ڼ̫ʶġ
һʶʱǰ԰ա
ǵϯտʼ̫˺뿪ѵȥ̫ˣ
ʱ˶򸮣ʲôֳоܳȥǲܻǰ󵨵ġ
ֽԼԺŽǱ˵Ҳй
˼붼û׵ǲڼ֪һϢ
ʺĴͻ顣
ֻεĴͻ鲢ǲйأǽ򸮴̫ӵּ⡣
Ҳ̫һЩ
ǲʻǵһɻŲű̫Ȣġ
βǰˣһɻʺµּ⡣
ǲڰĻɻôʺҲ𣿻ϲġ
СŮԷ˷Цֶһۺ̾ʺһ㶼ϲֻǰ̫ӵӰˣʱ˶²ʲôɫ
㰢˵֪Ůͻ󷴶ĸˣԼŮ˶棬һ̫ӼΪŮǺ󹬻Ҫ˵˾ûһˡ
Է˳һ˵ŻԱҲͷţɲʲô̫̫ӵƢ԰̫أúõŮƫҪȥ˼ҵңǸͿ
ֵΪЦǲͱЦ˳Ȼֶ˵ȴԲԸԼյ׷˺¡
ˣƽ˷˹ˡ˵ŻͷѾߺȻ
֮ƽ˱㾭ѰԷ˵Ƕ£ƽǸˬˣǵΪͶ
ֻÿƽ˹ʱ򣬶Ҫ§ǲǺһӣǽǲʲ˼ĺܡ
Է˴ǲǰȥӭӣԶԶƽ˵
Ǽүǰֱɵǽɽˣϴǲ˵ˮ⣬ү˳·Щء
ŶԣͺЩ˵ЩСԱʾ⡣
ˮҪ˵ó԰˵òУŷҲһңȲݵĵôҲʵġ
ƽһ˵һ߽ǲʣǲæл
л˷ˣ
ƽ˵Ķǲʱò˼ֲֻţõóֵֻСˡ
ڰʾ£ǲŴӻͳԼ˼Ļӡ
ҪŮ˼ҵĸΪЩǲôСŻ˺ü졣
Ҳ̫Щƽ̾
ֻ̫ˣùĪҪˣ֪ǡ
ԷЦĿУͷûгζȻ񲻿ɿȻҲҪΪŮġ
ƽһͬ˲٣һĲ֪ƽҵĹ徹ֻǲʴ꣬Ѿƽȥˣ˵кƤȴʵѵá
߶£ƽϲǲʣԺضί
Ů̸֮ۼ˵ҲҪ˫۲У˵װŮ޹ȥԺ˵¶ˣһ֪֪׵żңһذŮţЩԷ˵˼
ֻЩԷ˻δǲֹȻҪΪŮ㣬ҲܶŮ꣬ŵıôһӱߡ
ƽ˵˻ӻԷһΪ񣺡ʱ֪ӾǻˣͲ˻ȥһȥ
Է˵⻰ĺ壬Ӽ棬벻ɵ˵
ǲʾ֣ô鷳һиȥˡ
Ѿ˻ȥԸˣմӷǻڼҲš
ǲ֮ɫԣֻǹ˰ƽ˽˳ͷء
Ա죬ǲʾһԳˮ⡣
ζȷʵݵζҲһζڣѷֳ˷ֳַƽ밢ķݶſʼԼġ
۳ˮѾ꣬ӰҲˡ
ǹʱضҪƽһ󣬿ǽ˭Ҳû˵Ļ
ԷЦŵǲ͹˷ˡ

ǲˮԤµĭĭָڰƽ˳ȥ
ŸճţͼͷһӰ
ߴ信ȴɫļԵûǰȴҲһսڡ
³ǸԷ񣺡Է˰á
ԷЦĵͷǹɣӢŰҿƽ
屻Щ˼лԷ˿佱
ȴִĴӣԷаǸòĺӣʮ⡣
ǲʶڰŹǰߴһӺ죬ҲʮȤɵҲǡ
˺ˣҲˡ
ƽƽ˵ǶԼĺӣﻹǾúõģҹƤȴҲս
ԷɫҲһ˵ŵһ߳Էǲ֡
лǲʵӣҾʹϡ
ע⵽ԷȻðһСԴǹݽ޶ˣ¶Цݡ
һҪл˵ˮأɳԹˡ
ƽ˻ͷȥԼҵСʱѾǲʿá
аЦЦȴĵԹҲãôҸǰǰƤˣ
ôһ˵Żع
ǲ۾ĿԼӲ˼ƽǹ־ȫûӰ
ֻʺԣԹá
ǲʸæҲ񣺡˷š
ŶŶ
ԼСӼ˹㶵ģƽң˺ɸֵʹģˣеǻҲˡ
һһͬЦЦ밢һͬȥˡ
Ժǲԭȥ̴ɰȴס
˵ǹΣ
ʱǲʲŷӦ˹ɬŴ˵ʲôѽ
㻰أ˵ãﵹǾùСӲΪ˵ҲǱãټƽ۰㣬ȻΪ沼¶ġ
ִҪʣǲʶţ˵Щ̫˰ɣŮͼˣ˵ǹֻһѣûʲôоҪô˵Ůӳȥ
˵ûвߵģԷҲǼǲʲ˼ЦĿܳȥ㲻ǿ
ӻأҹҲС
ԷҲи˽ģ¾ĺӻв٣ԼҼֲǲԼб˭ҵĹﶼҪϰٱȻҪΪŮ࿴һѡõС


 54 

ŮҼһҪ޵ͣԼһҪ, ԵҲġ
ƽҵĹһ˺, ƽ˱ĸƵˣǲⲻĳЩ֮塰żȻˡ
Ϣ֪ôľʹκǬĶ, ǾһĻ
κǬһڳ˵һĻӵ£ȻվةฮĹ뷿ͷ, ָ棺ү˵ǽˡ
˿ǲʸոĸ̺˾, ŸսݱƼһĻ㾪Ƭ, Ҳ˲κǬ˵ʲô, ĵİѷϡ
ɪ类⣬ǲŰЩġ
κǬôԼô
Щ, ԴŭκǬЦȥָסǲʹ°ͣԹôϽͽӸϳȥ, 
κǬ̧ۿŽյţţ
㣡ǲʱҭ˵
ǲ°ͼѾ˺, κǬ˶Ȼջ, ֮ǰǧŭҪй, ɴʱȴȫй
ʵʲôŭֻЩίˡ
ƾʲôǹƾƽʱǲ, ȴҲֻ͵һֽκǬܲס˲˽
ûشҵĻءκǬѹڣү˵ǽˡ
һ飬ǲȴЩԣ̲סĪҪ˵Ц, СŮӼ粻ֲܿģǽº£ǽ˵ԼȻҲ˸Ͼӡ
һκǬû⡣
κǬûͬǰһ㷴ôǲãŻڣҲܵˡ
ҲܵˣҲٵȸһصûϴͻ飬ٽбǴ⡣
ʲôǲЩã
κǬȴ΢΢ǣĸΪѰһλõķҸסµˣ޲ˡ
Щǲʲǲĸƽ˵˼ǹ岢δԵ˼һʼδ뵽κǬ˵¡
˿һ׹
ǣĸƽһԸҲδб뷨
ֻŷϰ䣬Щ
ԼûвκǬ°仰·ǱԼĬˡ
κǬߵЦɢУȻͲټˣºǻʺ㲻ھȻؽһҪȥģʱⲻҪǼֵܣôˣ


 55 

ǲһţ˵κǬǼλֵ, ̫ƽ˵һӵģ, ɵҲǻϵˣн, κȻຩʵȴ˭ʡģǸλֹһˡ
ϴŵļŮϯֿ, ûеüջʺҲŮϯ, ȴͬһ, ʱ, ǲٵ͵ĸҲվɡ
ǲʳüģκǬУȴЦǰѽ檵Ϣɢ˳ȥ
Ҳû֮, ӽͲͨǲЩżȻ, иĸԼȴ֪οء
˭˵ˣκǬɵӴ, ƽЩСôûˣ̫ǰҹ¶, H˲, ǾĿŵˣΣ˵, ǸҺʵˣ˭ҪõĲУΪŮ˸ҷߣһһ黫, ϾҸϲѵܹĳ棬Ϊ˰ѴұװάֵƽƣûбҪ
Щһױһף˭ֲ˭أ
κǬ۾ǲ΢ЩȻƳ⣬ߡĸΪҵĻ´˲֪ٱ飬ѴӦʺǧӭȢˣ㣬Ը⣿
̧ŵ°ʹ˿̾ǵЩǲи̨Źĵһ㣬ðû˵
κǬãЩ
ЩƺǰѰ뱲ӵĻ䶼һֻǲ˵ԼĻж»λӰҪһģǶҲȥԹޡ
룬Լ˵Щǿǲһ㣬ǹڣǡүҪҪЮ㣬òףһԻȥƽ´ȥһְĻ
ǣҡ
ǲѾ͸ʯ񻨣̵ֻоһҪðűô仰
תǱƤո£ȴѾ˵ġǽͷϡķֽҳ
κǬָ⸧ϸɬīּǲȴһҳκǬҲҳš
һҳǲ֪ʱҲֽǸκǬּ֣ͬ뾩ŮӲͬһˮ㣬ͬݣƸƣΡ
ϧȴֻаأ䲢δдꡣ
ǲֽ۵㣬Դ˿ֱ̹ǰˣְֱֽ˵κǬУ㶮ˣ
ϵᴥȸһȴκǬĸ̵һ顣
ȴһִٵĽŲ
ﲻˣ̴м£æƿţκǬѾһ˷ϡ
̴Ű뿪ţϾӡӵ¾ͳ̴ŤĹϢĳš
ǲŷһ̴߰˳ؿڣһ߰˿æ
ʺǧǰ߲ܳ˻˾ǡ̴崭
λԭԭ䣬ڶǰĸѾȥǺңһ˲Ǹദˣǲʼ޹ȥҲйִʱһõԼαװԼǲ¸סҲ˸Т֮
ʱĿ⣬ֻԼУֻΪ֮
һةؾĻةѾ˵ѻޡ
ʲô
Ҳɻ󣬵үͬΪ٣ǿͣҲþܾ˱˵Ĳˮ֪˾¶ġ̴ͷ
ūԭȥЩӰģɸϷǱߵѾͷ˲֪¶ū澶䣬֪˲Ÿһ㷢˵ʲôԼҲ˵Ҫʹ
ǲʲ֮ԱǣҸ˽µĹλ˿һ֪ƤǲǱȳǽ䴦שͷģ˼һҡ
˵
ūѾͷ˵ʱ򣬷˾һֱûһۡū澵˵Խˣ̴忴һǲû𱸵˼ŽŵĶûˣﵲסˡ
ϵĻŴܽķ紵û죬ǲ·Żϡ
̴壬Ҽܼ˵·
ǣҪȥԺתת
ȥԺӶû˼ȥλˣҵֶ
̴ҲǸͲŮʢ˵ģʵգԼҹӣЩӣȥĪҪˣǷ˲Կģǣִˡ
¶ûִΣǲһɫ磬ɷ˵š
ߵͷȴǾĵġ
ǲʸͷŵѾʾ⣬ȥ
ѾûϵǲʹԥƬ̻ǽȥͨˣˣ밲ˡ
ԭͷû˵Ƿ߶ãųպ˿ڲɤԾɲ̲ģǲʹüͷ˽ͷ
ɤӱɬɬģͽ̴Щ裬ŮƽϲʳЩǿ͹
Ӳƿһ룬ǲʱֻͬС¹첽߽ĻҲ̹
ǣƽҲڡ
ǲʷӦܿ죬Է밲Ժ󣬱ֽŸƽ밲һĨ۰㣺ƽҲڣ̫ˣ쳢ζΣӶǰЩɽģϲ˸͸Щ
˵Ժ󣬱ؾԷ˸ǰɵİû¶ģ
˲ϲεԱߺһᣬҪȴѣͱƽ˻ͷ
Ҫ˵ŮĲǣҪǸҼǻСĶѽǲʰɴҼȥŮ
ǲЦЦȥĸײУҪ˵ЩǸûĵѾͷء
ǵƽ˸ϲԷҲ̲ס࣬˵ǲʼϹ֣Աߵ
δüܣǲʣˡ
ǲʷոƼһ㣬Ŀ˹ȥؾظ˸ӣ˼ӻûǲʾѾ˻ȥ
Ҳùˣ˵򱱴󽫾ةƽˣҲÿͿЩκĸҺϴǰƽڣǰ¹ȥͶƽūϳ˸̽ɣƽŻ
˳˻ʺƽܵýһү
ԴŻԺ󣬳˺ү㹧⣬ؼҵŮȴûһģû棬Ϊү˹ٱǷûʺһ䣬ƽ˲˸֦ˡ
˵ǲδ̫ûЩԱ߻ƽˣû죬ɾˣҲû˴εĿġ
λԼҴòڣдЩҪ̸ǣ°ܵδϣԺںլҲǰڱ߹յҶţ˵ԹΪͶ⣬˵дͻ鴫ţǰһҶ˵Թ⣬ԹǴҹ㣬ǵȱСˣжᣬԲŵŰݷһʡ
˲Ÿ˵꣬ǲվͺһ룬ǼյģȦҪ

 56 

ˣΪҪ
ǲ뺬, ɵģ, ƽ˱ͿССˣοⷬһδĹԼΪ
ƽԼչʱ, Է˶Ȳĭӷ˵ͣ龰еͲһ
򱱽ȴǸ͢º, ҵķмֵĹϵ͸ɹ, ǽԼɹ, ֪Ҫųʲôء
⻰Ҳ, ֻһ֮ԣѲ˸˵Ǻڵ, ҲˣƽƮƮһ仰˹ȥ˸ѿ
ҧҧ, ƽ˼˵ĸж, ЩһֱڳиƽС, кöҲ͹ȥ, Լ˹ŮҪŶӣҲ㹻˼ˡ
Լƽ˺, ĸͲý򱱽Ȣŵķ˰ջҵģ©ӡ
ѲƽԹﵱ׹Ů˲ɣԼҵ¶۳žˣҼҷؾȥƽ
ƽת, ˲豭ӴǸҽнȥһҡ˵Ҳٶԣս³Խ͢ԪأײΪ˱ҵ¶˺
ǲʽһпҲƽϲԼҲи˼֮
Է΢΢һЦ֪Լ˵ˡ
˵꣬Ҽǲʿ㺢йԼֻ˭һ˵Ĵͻ鴫ţҵʣʥ϶ûоҿǴ˾ɣ򱱽治ͬ죬ô簡
˲мĵ˭֪˵Щӹˡ
Ŷô˵˳ɻ֮ǰȳ²ˣԼŮعصϹŶû˼ô
⻰˵ǲʶ̲סҪΪĸ׽ãһЩԼӵǴ˭Ƕ̳йˡ
췴֮£Ҳçײûӵķ˻£ͬլԺסġ
˽ΪãҲˮԲаֿ֮νǶ˼޻ԼҲƾ֤ķ¿ɲ٣˵Լж׫ŵģԲ˶¼ѽҲпˣ˲Щذɡ
ڡ˾ȻҥԱʥϵ¶ұΪܰɡ
˵նȴĲˮ˲Ϳ͡
ͷѬϺõ㣬ŵȻڸ＾⣬˴˿ȴֻͷſɬӣܡ
Է˹һ죬ܰѺڵ˵ɰ׵ġӸôͣ
˴ӻóӳеַϷŮӲŻġ
ѵҲҶģ
ǲҲЩɻ󣬴ϸ˲ǴǰԼʱҪȥذָոʶǲҪҹġ
ԭ֮ǰ¶ˣҲûš
ԷҲЩһΣơ
֪Ӧ𣬾ͷһO@
κǬɫƵŲӽݣة಻̫Զĸ࣬üͷͬЩ⡣
κǬȻã˽ǲ죬æǲȴ֪ΪΣо˲١
ˡκǬŵԷ˿˵ʥּˣ
˻δϥһ⡭ҲЩԡ
ߣڴҲʥּ˲ɣ˵ȥ̲Сۡ
ƿһ˿磬ǹ˵ͷϣ㳣ڱ߹أҲ˵ţ⻰׿˵
ֻЩ˰ˡ
ԸʮɫİκǬκǬȴû˿Ҫµ˼˲ע⣬͵͵һ۹վԷǲʡ
𷽲ţΪǰ˴˶˵̸ǻ
Ȼ֪ǲ˵Ϊλ֮䣿ɼȻ˵ץҪ췴ִⲻ˵Ҫ
ǸûĲݰԭŽڰ裬Żȴ񣬾ǹ˲ͨһ˵ϣҲֻǿ򵹻ŵõ
Ҳû˼ĪҪĪҪŻ
Էƽ˾аݰһӶˡ
ŵѲܶˣκǬְĿעӵȥŹʱһӴľɣͲ֪ԭǳԹ֣֮ģϡ棬ַҲ壬ȴôҲȲǸգ˷ġ
ˣǲʷűȻðġ֤ݡסˣûע⵽ǸԼҹƵŸϹЩطǳ˴
ɻԷ˵ԭ򵥵գͷĴѵģлַ˲࣬ȴҲֻŮһͷжദƵı߽Ƕɷˡ
κǬʮϵһԵͷɼǳԹ֮֡
ǲûϵκǬԼĻƫԼҲǰ©ڶ뷽ţһһķ
лˣȻѽǣǸĸףҾˡ
ٶһ룬ͱ˿ԼӣҲƵĴ̴뿪ˡ
ǲȥκǬʱû˽ſϷȤĿһ۵ϵˣԷ˽͵ҲͻһͬǻŽģ˲Ҫ⡣
κǬǽΪνԭǻӱ㣬Էûϵ˿Ҳ̻Ц޷ǲ绹һͬ÷
Ȿǿ׻Ҳ˵ͷһʱ仹²Ҫ
κǬ˿̾ǧٸԸ⣬ȴ䵭ȴʧұȥЩ飬ȻпҲɡ
κǬȥ̱ڵϵ˿ɫҰȴǲʣҧ˺ſײɹӡ
Ѿߵ֣кƣ£
˵СĽȥСûϣʱѾš
΢ŵ̾˿֪ˣȥɡ
˸ΪټеȴţϷֲϲŭĪ˸оꡣ
˻ҲûӭӣĻ˵һ䣬Ҳϰ߰Թȥ
ûŮˣǲѬģҲ˼ζ֪ԼϵĶӶԼأȴҲżԼ䲻ȴҲͦס
Сŵζ㣬һһԶԭи׽Щ·ңԶҲû¸˭Ҳ˵ˡ
㲻ùȥԹʲôҲ⣬˵һձֺˡ񿪿ڱֱ⡣
ҲΪãžѾ˵¶ʥּѾˣô
ʥּ񳰷ЦЦƼ˻Ƽˣǻϵ˵˴£ǿֻʵ䷴ʱĲΪʲô׻ȢôһݰؼңֲʶҲͰˣһûУçײһҰ


 57 


ȻЩ潫ڱ߹ع, Ǳ߷ɳɱȾд, ʱҪӪկƤͨͱŮࡣ
ԼĸԸź, ڼԼ׽ȴҲеǡ
ҺΪ, ΪҺãԹȥҲԵǼҶԹӣҲΪָ˵, ȻҾ, ӲҪ۸
Щӵ鶼, ﳯæЩƣȴҪӦǰûʶŮˣе񽥽ˡ
ҲǴǰ, δҲܱӣһȥ, ָҪҼˡ˵ձҪȥ
߸ϵļӱѻ, ԼЩ겻һŮ, ϸŸ˵û
ɬҽЩ, ûںͷྡ
ԭѾҪߣԼһЩ, 뾹˵ʹ
ȻӲڼ˾ӣЩһֱһˣĸ׵ıұ÷Ůɫ׮¶Щµȫˡ
ԭֱͦĺ΢΢һͣԾο
һȥ㵽, ǲʶ⣬ٳʱԼĸҪκǬ÷Ǽйûб˼һұĿڣƽһԡ
̴ЩͷԣѾüˣѲɱ˻ˣ
ţ
ǱˣūһĺҶˡ
еĺҶѾݻֻ࣬мкˮϣǲʻعǲײЩÿݺ⾰һҲֻܼϼգٵȵȲĺɻˣʲôȤ
̴СūţûϹѧֲʶһԺĵͷҲǲȥƣƹȥҲֻûʢʱӵĺɻÿ
Ҳû갡
̴֪Ů±Ǽھϲ˾ҲܾñȱеԲ
̴壬ȥүЩӴΪνպȻǸϣ٣ʱҪߡ
ة볯еȻ̫ӵ£ةҲ£лδӡ
̴Ӧ±ȥˡ
۳ͷǲ԰бԼة鷿ķλЩ죬κξʵԶЩŶûʲôһûǲʷòԾ
ԼļңҲҹ㣬ôԾǽ
ǲ΢Ⱥ󣬱ְοԼԭ￴ģɲǹ˸鷿ͤ͵ģ
̴ܹȥܻûöá
ū¹ţʣ˵ǽүظ·żģ˵ǳеİЩطҪү֣ġ
κǬδ·ǲʲ²ǰ·˸⡮żġ
𣿡
ū澻ү³ȥء
ǲʱǰкû˰ȤɺԺӡ
~
ڼɢպԸӭλϵĿˡ
ǲһһ㱻ĸײק˱ѣ˷ѵҲݼδȥѧ㱻һͬ
һ緹Ÿù˷Ǹסģѵݼٵӣô˵ҲҪĸ׳ȥŷŷ硣
ˣˣҸ緹ЩӶӳôϸߣȥʳһô죿˷һ˵һͦͦԼԲСӣԵøԲˡ
ԷȴֻԼ¶˿û֣˷һôȴǡ
һӣǲҲ⣬ӻֽе˷
ˡ˵һȦ£
ǲʸĸ׶һۣѹЦ⣺˷ԣܻȥɡ
˷
ԷҲЦ˳ǲŵܸˣ㲻ʳˣ
˷׹ԼȤһ񣬸ɴһˣҪȥ棬˷ȥһ˵ҪҲû˵˭
˵Ҳǲʣǰʲô˻ôţ
һļУʱβûʲôҪԸԼȻܸıԼĴͻ飬ԵҲЩı䡣
Է˰ŵҰǰ˵¶ү˵ˣǰѧĸδйɣԭȵӡٹ۲죬ү˵ȷʵǸסģɳϵҪ˵ģöǱߵеĴҪμ괺ǣ˸ţǰգӦš
ԼνĶةֵܣǵϷĸҵĺӣϷ̧˸ɶӸգǲϵĶ塣
ֻϧλǲֻ֣Щزֻһ˫ŮĸΪϷڵʱĸ˸ĸĶѰ˸Сְ
Ϸ˹Ժ˼ϵһҲҹة࣬ϧʱةе񣬲δ⡣
СطܳʲôӰһһ˿أ˷űǿڼﲻ޺޵
˷û˵ҪӱģǲҲǡ˵֮սԸɶӣΪŻʮֳڣǵİ꣬ɼܱϺЩӸ硣ǺΪĺȻүҲǺд£Ǹĵġ
˵ͷͨ˵ˡ
Է˷Ҫӭӡ˷Ӵ˿Ҳǲʹظں
ǲʶԴδĶҲ˺棬ں治סĴš
ԸȣСطҲһŻˣ䲻࣬ȴеѾӶС
ԭŮгʮ£һ޽ĸ䲻Ҳ壬Щӹû㲻һһŮǱˡ
Էһ˰סһͬš
δüأҵӶϱǴ곤꣬ӶֻһꡣЦĽţʮ
ӶԷ˴񣬽ĸ
һϯ޽£ͷ˸ӵͷԵȴֱɫͨϢӶЩţúܵͣƲ
ǲҲæǰ񣺡ãһ·ˡ˷˿Ҳڰࡣ
Ϊп½ЩϹģԷģ֪ԼѳԹ緹ȴһ·Цɲǣǻδü緹һͬ԰ɡ
ſԶټҲմ״ʵģųԶٷֻ˷ȴڱﲻסˣ˷Բˡ
Էͷ۵Ŀһ˷ЩΡ
㷽ųô࣡ǲʰһ˷Ȼһ˷϶ⲻ˱ĸ֣ôԼܲһ£ŮȥϢԺ˳Ҳ֪ϲ⣬պóʰĹг׼׼͹ȥ
ǲӽе࣬Ľ˶ϲ
䳤СطȴǸ˽ǵ壬º͵ЦЦԷ˷Ļ⣬ԷûԵţҲãǲʸŹȥӴ·ٿʲôܵĵطٻҡ


 58 

ĸ׵ǲһȥͷһʰԺ˷ĸ, Ű˳
㰢㡣
˷ֵĸǲ, ۾תţ̽ͷ̽, ǲʵƲȥֻÿڵҵܴСǸӻõģڼ, ҲˣŷûЩ, ¡
˷Щû, ϾҲԼҵܵ, ǲֻ˵ӻá
԰ǲֵͷ˷ʹɫ˵֪òݼټ, ﲻгţȴȥԺ, ̫, ȻҲø˵顣
ﵽĿĵ˷˲ֿ˻, æӦ, ŤͷҪ뿪ǲӲл, ŷȥ
һֱܹͣŵЦƶЩȴһϣ˷ȥЦЩǺõ, Сʱ̫ľЩ
ϵȷ˵ӽŻ٣ͨдšʱĸ֣Ǵͷռİ㣬ˣȴûӵģǸһͷȾЩӸҪۡ
ǲ̲סĴһϣȴǡװϿϣˣǲ㶣ϷӦЩºЦЦ̷˿ģơ
ĵĸӣҲ΢Цų˵ͷĸȴ˵˷ٰȾͺˣкһ±ˡ
ϧûоƾġϺĵ˵ͷֵ˵أ
ǲûϵȻԼȻˣûоƾģи˵ص㡣
˵ѾԺǲк˸ӹӣǸµӣԺʹԼҲɽָʹźСס±ǡ
ԷǰǧлˣҲû̬ţͷлˣʱ룬ฮûڶŮһȤˣӶȥ顣
ӶԼἰŰͷ̧Ӷһ˫۾ӰԲƴ޾ȴҲɰЩɬСĴǲʣоС
ӴСӶҲǸľġ
Ӷ̧Դ˻ȥģ˽˾ÿɰۡ
ǲʵʮϲӦ£Ϣ˿Ҿý㣬˷⼸Ҳм٣һϽȥƣý˵òã
ӶСС󣬵Сĸ׽УҲûиһĽãǲԼ׽»ϲѵЦЦ˵ģȻá
ǲʳǸƵЦݣһθ̾һӡ
Ժǲʱȥֲһʱ硣
Ǳһġǽͷϡͤ﷭ţмŵֽҲʱʱĿһۣб㱻۰
ǡ۹ˣ
ǲʱͷͻȻ˼»ź˻ϣô
ﻹаַʣԹǲʶ棬ֱ˲豭Լϡ
Żȥ鷿ų·Ƽк
ƦƦǲҪ۾ȷһ£ǰĵϻһ˫ֵ̥ܡ
һۣŲԶЦҼССĸȴ˭ҪعأǰԼµñ췣ˡ
ǲʲ˵ֵôˣҲǣĹСʱĵģҲû˸۸Ҳ
˵ϰŵĵı㱻ȥһ룬ǲʸԼµҲ
ǲˣԭǰǸˣɴҲſЩü˰ѵϣŵŵûңһ룬еۣʲôģ˷ҲĸǰɵĲУعͷʹȥʰ̯ӣǸӣѧҲû졣
ϸȥ磬Ҿһ룬һЩµ챻۸ůˡһȥҶ̬ȱܿ
͵Ŀһǲʣ˵ûоƾģþǸƾ˶Ҳ˺úȡ
ǲʣĪڲƭҵĲȣ
ȿȣýҲ𣿡ǲӶǸɵģ̲סʵ
ӶǣԵúܣĸרŮн̵Ķ飬СûţðɱӶӴҰˡ
ʲôǲʺݺݵһۣŲ˵ʲôƾѵǸҰˣ
̲סЦã㣬Ȥˡ
ЦĴԶԶվŵС˶￴̴ۣҲ˳ϡ
ҿû˵ҰˣӶܻЩҲãŶˣɱȥĸ׸Һ״ҪҿɾͰñ˵¶˵ȥ
ǲ̲ס˸۸Լǰչ¶ԸΪץİѱò˵۹ǲϱٶȸ˵ı£ϸȥٳǸ˵
ϣҪ˹ٿ϶ǰ;ǲҧгݵ˵
ллõĿ佱ôҲøˣЩѹǲʻϸæ¶һûȥأмϢҽӶ㣬һ
ߣϻ治ջѰֲȡ
ǲĲȴҲû취̴ԱЦЩȴҲȤء
Ȥǲɻ󲻽Ŀ̴壺´Ƽ˱ǺóԺúȵĶЩɣ
Īˣū˵Ҵǹ˱ھѰһլӣҲס˶á
ҵû
ǲаֻǱƼţЩ
ˣȻذɣԼӶȥ档
~
ԷԭҲǲʴӶȥټ˷Ҳݼ٣׼ļ٣š
Դ뿪ǲʱԼӶһΣ˵ǸĹ˵٣ǺϲǲʣǲʲôԸһ
Է˸ϵͬĸ˴ӳš
ôСûôȥҲԼԸţӴЩһ͸
ǲʸӶ첲Ÿ첲ӶƺǶԼûεĸϰˣᣬǲ̲סһۺ󣬱ӶȥΧССȥˡ
˷ͶԵϱҪȥԼıӡ
ֻԼʱص㣬緹ĵ¥ͷŸȥˡ
磬ǲӶ絽ˣ㶨˰Ƕˡ
ǲʹ
Ÿ϶¥ϤףƽҵĴӹԼԼӵκǬ
ةƽͬΪ٣ҲֻܺһԹǹƽ˵ԵǲѼΣԲŽЩ
ǰǲʲʲôȴǵκǬ棬֪ΪξκǬͶĿЩȡ
µҲתߣǲֻӲͷƤǰкԭǹ˹Ҳڣˡ
ɲûʲôԾ롭ȿȣҲһͬġ
κǬΪӣҪܻһЩ岢δ˵ʵ
ǲʸҪػƼκǬȻ
죬ֿɷܽܡ


 59 


ԴκǬʼЩüĿ, ĸ򱱽бȨ, ֮ƥеҲֻƽˡ
κǬװĿʼƽҽӴû̫Ӹ, ƽڳеİΪƽЩϳʮ⡣
κǬƽԼ, ֪ƫƫϻǲȥƽ, йκǬġ
֪ҲŸ, ǲʡ
¥д, ȴǸֻƷĵطƹǴ, רЩʳģζ, дԹ󾭳
κǬѯ, Ҫڽ, 㱻κǬס
վ˵Ҳ, ɺϣλһΣлȥ˵
ҲҲǡӶ˵, ټϹͬ룬˽˰󣬷ܵλةҵĴλ
ǲæڵҼýӶǼҵݼٵ, øýعһͬ档
һ˵һ۾κǬֵĹ忴ǲڣκǬȴǿһ㣬Լһۣǲһᣬ֪˹λǣ
Ŷڰ죬ֱκǬ˵ͷ˿λӵ£ģǲضǡ
ǲʵûʲôǹ⼤κǬģӶǲʵȴ˽
ŶܿڰκǬݣǲʲҲˣӶǻǲʵЩ
һյĹ򲻵С˷Ϲ졣
űƿϼ˷ڻбˣüͷ΢΢塣
˷ҲƼˣ峣ƽȥԸǳͣ˷ҲǼʶġ
ֻ˷һ˽룬ȶκǬһݣ㲻̧ͷЦ磡
κǬҲգĬĵͷˣȥȲ衣

˼ڵĻ˾ǲ⣬ǲʶûŪ׵ô¶
˷Ҳܽеģ
ͷЩ֦ҶܺκǬһ磬ҲֻԶԶһ£˷ƫƫԼһ㡣
˷˹ˮĨĨϵξС飬ҺãԵ˶ңֻҸҡ
ǲĿɿڴлСƨϿεģ϶κǬе
ҲĪҴǰҲѧϹΣǼλʦ̵ģԭ»˵ı¡
˵¶ֵʱ򣬲֪ʱҵطµ졣
ֻ̹һΣ̫ӽƥұ̫ȥģѧСѧϰʦǡòұ˳ִһڿΣʱСѰҹȥġ
κǬĽһֱκǬǸӺõģǻûĴӡ
һٷԵļ˶˼
κǬһǲʰڶ˹ŴźһԼв˸ǲʣǸĵģֻκǬչŮӣ˳ҲӶвˣǹա
ǲսս±ʲôӶ˷ͷԣϵ˿ںϵҲԵʮְȣδԵġ
κǬҪ̸ҲδǼˡ
ȴʱѵÿڣնл¿иˡ
κǬȴʱȻ˸һ£µĿڣ˵Ϊ괺Ǹģ
ϲӦ£ǡ
ǳǣҲؼű࿴Ҳɿ۽磬ھиҶԷʱڹͷҶʱǼλӣԼһͬȥɺá
Ȫ۵Ǵׯӣһ
ǴׯǵκǬʱ͵ģ羰ò˵дȪʺϲĵص㡣
ǡλΣ
κǬ˵˻ʱֻһˣǲʶûŪκǬǸʲô˼
ϴӽû˵ڶ仰κǬ۲ŮƵĶ˼ңҲǸ࿡İ
ĸǡþ˵ھй䣬±лˡ
ͬˡ
λΣ
˷ǲ˵ˣκǬǲ
Ӷͷ˵ǲҲвٵʣ֪ʲôʱκǬǽҲ˵ͷȻԸģ⿴¿Ҫ԰ᣬ費Ҫ׼գ
ҴӲ԰ᡣ˶֪ӵ²԰ᣬμӶ١
ͽڼСۣ˶˷Ȥ˵أ
ʱҲЩɻȻ£Ҳֻõͷ䡣
Ǳ㶨ˣһȥλĸϽӼλ
ȥ·ϣǲͷԵѯ
ö˶˵ȥԷϣѲ㻹ûԣѧѾڵ˾֪ϸֺ㲻ɣ
ΧյĽ˷ϵڸһ룺λ¿
ǲʣôˣ
ֱǲԴһ£ҿ㵹Ǳ˸
⣬ⲻҲǺ
ǲΣϿȴ𴩣һЦҷ˵λгǸҪö࣬СЩˡ
ĻڿЦǲп£κǬһ˶˻λڶԺݷĸδвѵǡ
ܣǲ̷룬ϾǸҲܲ뵽һϣӦֻǵκǬãڸĶ˵κǬɡ
ǲżһ棬ƶ𣿡
ϵͷ֪ãΪ˽Ҳ˲׼ΪľԺ˹ȴʶøǰЩоٵƵ³һ˹ȱȥƫԶ֮ֻһ˱ٻǲУȰ

ǲ;ԼɵˣκǬ취
ȻҲˣԭԼ¶أвæͺðܶˣ¼Ȼ뵽Ҫ̽ңǶҲڰвμӵ֮ˣͷλλͲö֪ˡ
ͷλָ̫ӣԵıӡ⼸仰ԳеǶıá
δ²⵽κǬ뷨ǽǲʷ
ǲ̽ſʵãλ˭ʤЩ
Ҿãҡҡͷδ̫Щһ첼£˷˶Ҷ̸࣬ϡҾáһ֪ô˵ȥҪˡ
ȻǲŤͷƼý˷д¶
㣬øȥǰֹ䡣
ʣ룬ȥӸӡ
ǲʺ֪æĵͷϴЦԹȥˡ
ڶ죬ǲԷ˺󣬱һͬκǬ
ϵʱȴһǰһ
˷ϳǲʱסϳĽŲǲ̧۱ƼòˡĪʡ
ĪȴƲʶ㣬һҼүļλһ˸СЩģǡûһˡ
֮⣬ԹϽȥɣԵ˱ʶȤȥΪһֻһˡڡΪβٸһģԹȥ֪
ʡӶ̽ԴԼ̫ȤˣиԼһ飿
ĪʱмŽţǸЩȥɣ·;Զܿ͵ˡ


 60 

ǲʻػĪʱư
ֽǵ΢紵Ϻɫ, ޳һֻ¶˰, ǲͷŸ̧ű㱻˽ȥ
κǬһǲɫֿƣĪ, ˵
ǲϹ̣ŵҲ类Ű, Ƭ̺ꤵκǬ˻ȥ
ûԵɼ, ֻ, ȥׯ, ˶ӵĸΪ㡣
šǲʲ˵ͷĬЩо, ǰһסһʱ䣬ֲʲôˡ
¾Ϊ, ΪղҪȥׯ𣿡ǲʲκǬΪԼǵĪд˹ȥׯ, , ȴм˿ڴ, ֪ԼԾҪʲôز
Ŷ˵ĻҵЩףΪָʲôκǬȻˣ˴ǰ
֪ǲŭŵһ, ȴû
κǬ˺󷴶ã֪֪ȻΪ˼
ǲʵõ𰸺зۣȴЩɻ󣺡ϣ
˲ãĲ˵ʮ裬׷һͷĿİ, ȱ֣ػᱻá
£
£κǬЦЦҴôһ£˼Ǹ໹Ϊ㣬ҶǸܱ£ˣ
ϴӽԺѾκܻչ¶ԼҰģǲ˵ֻԼģøĸ׵ģҪ鹣һҪڳеλ
ǲҡҡͷҰģҶԳеĵʮ˽⣬ȴ˭ãҪҸһֻԻˡ
ҵûѡ뵳ԽˣκǬ˵Щɻ󣺡֪ģʾԽ£볯󣬱Ͼ׷棬µ۵ǻ¶ͷ
ˣ¶Ӧˡ
һʱ䣬Ѿˣ׼췴׼˶꣬жʮѸ٣κм©̫ץסѱ´Ұ£鵽ةϡ
̫Ϊ±Ϊͣʱųֲʣ֮󼸺ֳ̫֪̫ڶԺ֣ڲУʱκǬðͷǶ˶̫ӡԼǻΪۡ
κǬǻȻʻţ·ݱ̫Ҳͬһ챻
ʱǲѾнãܶҲֻ֪ţκǬ˳ӣѵ˵ѵ˵ϵĲ̫йأ
췴¶ϲŲģԼҲ˳ɼƻѵ̫ӵĶҲǰˣ
κǬǲԼ˵㶵ĳΪˣЩȻδҲ֪ģ㲻ؾš
ǵġǲʻعæȴ뵽׸κǬ
ʹˣҲҲúõͻȻ񲻺϶϶ǡǲʿ˼ڤ죬Ȼڣԣ϶ǳԷûԺãµ»עʳԵҲҪעע⡣
żɫκǬУκǬЦ˳֪㻳ʲôһ𣿷ģ뵽Ҳ뵽ˣĲţû֤ݡ
԰κǬô֪¶ڹаˣԼĵеࡣ
ǱãǱá
ɵһλ˵˵ûĬ
ǲҡҡԴһ˵̫Ӷ֣ԼѾ̫û뵽ˣӹҲֻ֪ţʵ˵׼˭ɵġ
Ҳ˵壬ǲ̫񱻵жƼˣܻͲסӡǲί˵ԼĲ²⡣
עһӵģ뵽һȥˡ
ǲʶ˲ˣ⻹û׶¶أϹ˵ʲô
⻰Ǵ׵˼ջʺ㵽ˣʱ򻹲......
ûУ
ǲʼñҪȥκǬ죬ָȥ㱻κǬһקǰһ̱Īʵ
үͿ쵽ˣԼǰͷˣǲǵùȥˡ
κǬקǲʵֽ˽ɿˣ̲ס͸ĶḧݡͳӦǲʶһЩȻ̲סġ
㲻ٳǲʹ˺һָ
ǵ˵ضκǬ徹ѾˣǲʲֱκǬӶѵľ
˷һ˳Խ棬һҪԶķҶ֡
˷ǲҪסҲѾˣֻôߴС˸Ͻ
κǬǲǲģĪʹ˸ɫ
ĪȻĻǣ˼ƥЦŽ͵ҲԣƬɽһֱ˴д͵ҰޣλҲ⣬һͬȥ档
ϿƥŵĹЩȥ˷÷İɡ
ûǰظ˵ҲǸˣԹʿǶԲԻӵսźΪϰĺܡ
ȤҲ£ֱӹȥ˹ѵóһˣǱԱԡ
˹˵۸ˡϲǺĹⷽ¿Զλǻλڡ
˵ĹӶǲҲѰƥǲ游ѧͬԾԾԣǾͲرˣǾ͵֣ıá
ǲӶʮȴվŲκǬȴǰһڵλӶǰѧ
ӶȻἰӵ׿ʵģһţæҡҡͷĸѧ
ˡκǬŹ̲סĳǲʷ򿴣⡣
ƽǸ֣СƽȻ߳Ӷѧ˹Ӹָָ㣬Ȼһڽ治١
⡭ҡ
ӶҪѧģɡЩ˼ĵΪӰҵ£鷳˹Ӳ̫á
Թ˹˵Ǿ֮ͣ˹˵أ
弱ŹȥСŸ׳ȥǰҲǽ̹бܱõģû̫࣬ǸĳЦǺǵĵҵû˵ǰҲ¡
ӶԾЩԥ˿ϣ϶˵ͷӦ¡
ùû뵽ǣҵĵǸСദģӶȴǸʵʵĹ
Ůһ԰֣ӶȴŶûô
ͽʱͷʵûޣֱӽ˰ӹ̰뱧ĲŽӶȥ
ӶŹżԼҲܣüù岻ùԼˣȴǸֱƢҪ˵Ӷ
Ӷȥ˿ǹЦ⣬ĵ¿ͷѣֻҪȥľͺѧܶˡ
ȹ̧ͷȥӶʱӶȴз⡣
Ī£ƥȵġΪǺ£շµٴ
ңҲ£ҾǾ鷳ˡ
ӶһС˿ǻϸ
ץĲ֪Ǻãɴ෭첲סеĵĪĪ£㷽˵ʲô˵һɺá


 61 

Ӷͻ¶Ȱһʱ侹˻, Щ, ˵һ飺˵ʲô
ң˵Լй˹Ϊˡ
ӶĿǰ, ˫ϵȫͬÿָⶼм, ƺܺʵӣһǳձ֡
޷, Ҳֻһ, ѧǡЦŰο
Ǹʮ, ˵Źů⣬Ӷһܵ˷ݰȫ, ҡΣᶨ˺ܶࡣ
, һúѧġ
Ӷᶨѧ, ˵ĻȷҪʮ, ҲӶȻ, ޷Ǿ򣬿һ, ӶԾɻȵǻ
ڹӺãӶ͵˼ɫûвͷӣ
һ˷һƥСרõĹӱ, ϵˮƽߣ˷Ǹպá
κǬ軤Ů˵ǲһǰһţֻǲ֪ΪΣžһĪʵҲκǬǲԶԶء
㲻˵ׯ˶ӡǲɫǺ죬κǬıﲻ
ⲻǰ˶ǲɢ𣿡
ԶһƬɫٿκǬ̧۹ɿ˳ȥǶһˡ
ⶫǲʵעȥκǬУԾԸȥʲô
Ȳһ¡κǬ߲ߵ
ǲԶԶʹƣȴûƳȻӶ࣬ԴЩҲпܣץСһЩ
㻹Щ
游ùĺأʮԼԵˣɱΪȥЩǰ׻ġĹ˸ơ
κǬЦЦ֪ˣЩá
ǲʶ鿴ѽֻ
ǰκǬһ˵ϣֻ˴ȣδ˼СţС۾ͰͿǡ
ǲʵĵҪɱˣֿģңҰóԵģǷɡ
óԣκǬУ㣬ֻǾҲǻɵġ
ǰϵĹᴩ˿ѪǲʵǵԴǰȴŵŤͷҪҧȥ
СġκǬۼֿǲʡ
űˣһĪʹȥׯţɱȥɽİó˵Լ
ÿɰӷҧǲʵǼƿȴ׺ݵǲµĵͷ
ﰡұѰҸ㡣
ʲôʱκǬǲʵôҵĶ㸮ϣ
þҪˣȻҸϰȫЩκǬ˿˵
ǲűҪκǬЦŵȴûȫǲѽ㣬ٸʲôİɡ
쿪ʼκǬû壬ǲΪ±ȥˣ֪ȻἰǲĪЩ顣
ңҲûأʲôҲûе¶˵
κǬǲʵ°ƵԼߣǵþŲźãȻûаȫС
ϢԽˣǲʽë̲ס̧ۿκǬĿǲҪɤˣκǬĶͣס
ϢЩأٺú¶ĪҲˣѰȥ
Ƭ̺Īʸϵ˷Ҳ˼ҰãһŴظ
ǲǻȥʱӶҲܹԼϲˣǣԼƽ⡣
ǲʻӶлϲҪһĳɹСһҪˤ
ʣܣ
ڹԱߣʱסӶ˷˿
ϼǰһĻϱ˹ƵѿְӶô㲻Сģ鷳˼ҹ˹ˡ
Ӷһ羻µţ˹Ӷϰˡ
ʲô㵽׵˶ٴΣȴǣɵ㵽ױռ˶ٴΣ
ǲˡ
ɫԽƣϽԲѧܲˤأҲûѶ󹦷򡣡
ûѶ󹦷أ
Ͽһ˻ܴˤã̵֪жѣŹ嵹Ǹ˾ӣԼҲϲûм׷ʡ
ù緹ȥׯڵȪһݣкȻϢκǬ忴˺ɫЩأκǬĪׯҴȥ
λһЩСүɽ棬ūŽʱţȪҲ׼ˣҲϢϢЩʱū͸λظĪʹ˵꣬վһԵȺԸ
ܽκǬͬʱ飬Ȼǳ˴Ķ
˷ȥȪǲʱӶȥˣڱֻʣˡ
ǲҲĪʣϣ⼸ܸҸ鷿֪ô£
ɫӵĿĪʣǲĹ˼ɣ͵Լˣֱ˵ǡ
ǲʵǸˣȻֱ˵Լδˡ
ϵҵ׻δˣڳе²ŰˣȻӸƽһͬżţʥйءҲֻܲ²ô࣬ľͲˡ
ǲκǬͬԼ˵ģҲѲǻϵǰ£
Īʣ˿˵ʲô
ﲻصǡĪһ룬ŵүʱйﰲģǱ㲻ʲô£ֻҼү˹ӼŵˣūҲ֪ľǣ϶ὫλͻظС
ˣǲ㷲ΪػһԼѾ֪δ¶ȴԽԽԼˡ
οκǬ˵Ѿʼֲף̫ǰֵĿܾͻǳ
ǲвҲǶ֣ϵǻĺܣںɽúõһṭĺʱַׯӣһͬͻԸ
ʲô׻δǲ˷ȥϢȥ鷿һˣͬܵϡ
ƻ谵ӳǲʵɫԵøΪã̴嵣ǵ˽硣
ϼʧɵ֪ʲô
ûûʲôǲҡҡͷһĻԺ
ֱҹة෽ӹлŸһУ˰Ͻн鷿
ϹĲԱߡ
ҡҷؽֽƽţةױдһ֣ϲΣ
Щ֣ةֱֽյ
ռˣ
ϻδֱةסˣôȻʵ
š
飬صμ괺ˣֱֻ͢ǵίСС
μӿƾһֱԸԸŻڣܰεͷةҲ֪뷨͵괺ԾǿԲμӵģֻȱˣҪһ˼ϸĲ̫֡


 62 

̫ӣ
ȻѣϷŻϲΣϢ, ⻰ʲô˼ȻͲԶˡ
֪б, ҲȲѣûô, ǰֻ֣½ı㲻ǲΣ, Ǽݱ
ͷķԽˣŴӺ, վǵͷ
İ, м˲, Ҳᱣƽ¡
϶ԼΪʮ˽⣬ȴһ¡
, ֮ǰ˵϶̫Ӽ۰̫Ӳı, Ҳ嶯, СĪҪȦװ
ҹû㡣ة˵ͷ˵Ķ, Ҳµǲ̫, Ҫ޻̫ӣżȥ, ̫Ҳ鲻ӱ֮
ǲΪʲôûɹ£
ǴǰһỳɣС£Ѳͨ¶, һµǣ̫֮Ĳãӣӣţˡ
ҹ˾鷿ĵյãֱŻԺӡ
ڶǲһˣ˷ѧĿն̴ֱ
һ·κǬĽڣû뵽κǬûظ
ſڿŵСǲûģָֽݣһ֯˴һƱֵܿСҲҵ
̣ү˹ûٻҪµõá
ССĵĽţǰλСòŴ͸ŸЩܵġ
ҪСȥܼͨңš
ˡǲʵĻؾ̴壬ǽȻȥ
ǲתײ˺չˡ
̴æȥǲʣô·˵𣿰ǹײô죿
£Ȼȥɡǲǣû˼š
űײţûע˭һȴϤ
¸Թˡ
κǬ
ǲȻ̧ͷ±㰲ࣺô
ײԹﲢģ緹ˣ͵ⲻǡκǬģʵ̴屾˵䣬òƺʶԼҹ㲻˼ٿˡ
ԭԭ£Ҳ޴²鷳
ĪǹҵĲңҵĪʲɣ
ĪΪԵõ͵ѾͷˣӽӲŰڰָϽøԶˡ
ĪʣκǬ£ԼҲ˵壬žòá
ֻǵĵ£񿴵±ˡ
ȴЩ¶߰ɣ߳Ա˵
԰ղǲʷ˵κǬʾǲʸԼȥ˼ٽľ¥
ѼԲţԵİƽյϾͳɡ
κǬƽճ٣ǲϲĿζ˻δϣκǬʾĪȥţϾĿڡ
ģֻǲأûΣգֻǴεĺܣ²ô򵥡
Ȼǻ⡣ǲﰵԸ̾
ѵ̫ģ
ʢף̲סҲȻһλˣе֤ݶָչȥһͬһޣîʱѹֻҪһ󣬹ջʺͿˣáЩǴҪġ
κǬȻһִδй֣¡
ĺӣͬԼǸʴСûʲô飬Խ󣬱˵Խȴ͸ˡκǬĲǻϵ壬һҪ¡
±Խ綩ԽãԽԽӣôԶҿ㲻ģ»ס㡣ڶұȥףȻһŲסΪТڡ
̫ˡκǬ̾Ϣ
ǲסǺ͸ˣκǬǵɫջ˵ͷ
ùκǬǲһԼƣź󣬷ظ
ǲ֪ʱ£κǬǰȫģеȻˡ
ת۱㵽˻ʺӡ
簲ϣʱԷ˾Ѿæˡ
ԸݻؾǺ󣬵һȫһûʸģӶҲԷ˴š
ĸӵ·ѾǰһȥӶǰͿʼѧĹأʺ͵Ҫϸļ顣
ԷæһУѲڣȥ
СӶͦ찡ż춼Ѿˡǲʵ٩ϵ
ĵƵãְԷˣֻģ
ĪҪȡЦˣֻһЩɢӻܵ£Ҳǰѧϰ
ʵձӸ̫ӵѼ̰ܻߵ֤ݣѻѰ
ǲԲ֪ĸ̣װһģ֪ĸǰʲʲôֻա
칬ǻʹѡջʺҲͬѾ˵ˣԷΪةˣλҪǰܶࡣ
ǰѵȺǲ֪κǬ̫ӽʲôǶ˵ʱ򣬾ûǲ￴
մ磬Ҳ㵽ˣһͬĳ⾹ŷ
ޣҲӺδĹô˼ԱߣҪū˵ҲԸ⣬һԶŮǰǲ¶̴ǿģڼôô˳ۡ
ǲһ޵Һ󣬷ôŵĽڹǲıñܺúдһźʵ£Ҳãǲʴ߶ԼȥҺϺܶ࣬κ˼ˡ
˼ˣǲʼεЦǾöġ
ֻѾߵǰ棬ŮֿбͱǼҾ죬ڣϯ濿ǰֻǸƷɣɽ߻ȥ̫ûˣǲҪĶ档
磬ôԶʺǶƲ壬һ磬Ͱ취ɡ
СŷƭǲʵҲ֪޲Եĸһʼ䲻ˣҲǸжǸµĹǲʰǺǧٱ
סģڼԼܾίԸ׶
磬㲻ȥԹˣպÿܿλá˵ţȴ˿м
ǻˣİ֮˸Ĺ˵ҪȴᣬǲʲôֻǱĵʯֻҪԼ죬Ļ˵ķݶ
ţҰȥʡ
Ǵǰ񶨻еһЩȴҴƱˡʵǴǰǲ˵֪ôòԺܻḡǲʵһһ
ߵǲǰϰǲǰԼڸλ㲢δҾֻʵұõϯԶЩԹɷշһЩ
׻˵˲ҪҪƤѾǸ͡
ǲʻδڣ̴ԶһЩ߹ȥ£ֲûгȡ
ŵһ㣬˰벽СѽԼôôס
ĳЩˣһЩףǶԲҪˣҲûã̴ˣ
ǲۿ˵꣬Ų񣬺Ƕ࿴һ۶ٰ㡣
Ϲĵ壬üԹͬˣαˡ
裿
ԭְ֪ԼѺңǺֹġ

 63 

裿
ԭְ֪ԼѺ, Ǻֹġ
ǲ䵭ЦЦ, 纮̶û˿Уʢװ, ĸ׽ϸϸ֯˰²õģǲϵľƺ, Ÿ첲ϰڹ
ͷϵĲʵҡǻʹͣǲʵƵĶλƵĺƻ㡣
ԭһ, һ, ǲʰѴ뵹˾վ, ۿ˷һۡ
裿ƺ˽Ĳ׼ȷұ̽, ʲôŽ衣
͸ǲﱻˮɫϴжΰָԵð, ֻǻδٶ࿴һ, Ʊ㱻ǲֱõ˷ͷϡ
õ·ϸѿ
ķٴ˿̸û״, ϵķ쾡, ǱˮĹ͹
ǲʣ㣬ô
û뵽, гܵ˱ͷ׷̽ͷϧȴûһǰһôˣҶЦ㿴
ǲʾҪ֪Լ˸ѿ, ǲʻةҵĵŮԶֻҶڰ
ﻹǿЩ߰ɣһǵǰʧǣټҵۣǿЩ˰ģҲҪ͸ˡ
ͬˣűô˿ӣۺȻ࣬Щһŭʧصķ
Թ̫ˣ˵ʲôѾܲ˿ЦĿԶˡ
ôҲԣ
˵ţǲʾٴƺģֻúóԸΪѡ
ɡǲʸղ귽ˬǻ񣬲֪᲻ģֻ⵱ôһ͢٣֪׻᲻Ҫڻǰ˵ٺû
ҺղһĻ£һȥŽǲֹס֡
һֱԱߵӶ㷲ˣʵʣʲô˰
ǲӶͶԵӶýȴֻ󼸸£֮ѿʼֱ
ʲôˣȻͷҸô¡
ӶͷšôãʲôǶԵġ
ǲʾǣΪ̫ӵĲȴûиŽ̫û˼ôһڶòκá
һҲܰˡ
֮ǲ˵ֱҲûƼֻڽʱ򣬸ĸվ񣬱ʮֵ͵ĲԸҡ
ǲϯĵƹһκǬĸ
󹬵ǳģЩµϸƣȴڸǲסķò
ϧȱıˣεյָһӼ䣬껪ȥʱ˭Ҳס
ǲҲͷһμʥϣǰ⣬ȻѾõ࣬ϯ仹˲ơ
ǲʱΪݲݹȥʺЩԱ󣬱һͬϯȥ
뿪پȥҲȻζǲʲҪĸһͬʱĸȴס
ԷԶĶֵƱյδԼЦſ˿ڡ
ڼǰײԼ׶ӣѵڲٹãŵ̲һ񶼻ȿ̫ӵ˼κǬŵЩֻһҪϽԣƸةҵĴΪ
ԷǰЦ򰲡
ϴμѾʮɣǵ÷ʮ˵ãµЩȸߣ֪ɷȥٹָһ
ǰ룬㲻ҲҪȥˡԷµĸû˵ȴ׵ĺܡ
Է˴ݵЦָ㳼檲ҵˣӶظصҡ
ԷǲʵӦ£ԽλǴɣòһһġ
ǲ˵Ĳ˵ֻԼ
ӴɱʡõβҪˡ
ҵŴǸ¶ġ˵һ룬оԶһĿԼϣȻǲǴȤ
⻹δأ㻤ӻﰵԲ滹ʮ׵
Էǻǿȥɣ̫ⲻةҪ򱾹Ҫˡ
ǲҲԼԶ˿ߣĸ뿪ɻȥ
Ǳ߹κǬĿǲʣ΢˵ͷֱȥȾˡ
ӵĶӣǲʶðġ
ĵڶգԸͽӵ˴ӹﴫĴͻʥּ
ʥּһκǬҲѲ˸ϵˡ
ӶʮѸ٣һ±أκǬ֪ô˵ԷˣӲǶ˹֮ǰ
ӶһѱһĲǲʺüգʮûУò׸ǲͶԵҪ롣
Ӷˣʱ㳣ȥҲˣԺ㶼Ҫھǣеʱۣʱ˷һͬȥ档
ʺ統գӹһӶûϿǹǸˣпܣǲʵĸ˵˵¶
㣡ӶЩߣǣǶú¶ˣ㣬˵˻ţԭô¡
ðϴӦҲǸ˵ģԭͰˡ
ӶֵһЦ޷ģֻ˵һˣ㲻˵Ҳ˾֪ѽ˵ΪʲôҪƽȥׯԭΪĳ˰
ðӶ㶼ʼȤˣôʰ㡣
˵ǲʵֱӶЦŤһš
һߵȽȴһ㡣
ҪµײܻؾʱǲѾκǬɻˡ
ټڼкһ뵽﷭䵹ѰʲôֱҵһңҲûҵҪġ
ҷһأˡ
˴δ˷ģСĵ򣬷һΡ
ʲôʱ򣿡ŭ
ڷ˻ĵڶ죬ԺȥԸ
ôδ棿
ѾŵöСʲôûΪ˾㿴ģˡ
ֽ˽ʹƿȥ
㵱ԼʲôҵҲ
˱˲˳Ÿһŵϵľζ
ƷأأѹӴѾơ
˵ӸæȥƷȴһƿƽдŭ𣺡ĶõĶҡ
˱ЩëʲôҲǵˡ
һӡ
ŶǸӰҴȥԸǿ˺󣬻ָˣǸСϻмʧģҪʲôͷ˸õ㡣
ΪڷƷ裬˼һȫľ롣
ȥҸҡ
סڱǣü˵ˣ͡
ȥոңҪ˵һ顣Ȼ࣬纮̶
˱ңֻýȥңһյ󷽱˹
Ӻûưոݣ˼ϼ˱ǽߡ
ֻһΣǻ´ΣǸ׻㣬Ҳˡ


 64 

ǲл˯ʱ̴ҴҺѡ
ҹӶ˵, ǲʴ˿Щͷ, ̴һ˵ֻñ˵ͷһͰˮ, ĵԨ
², ı档
үսûٳ, ¸һλ, ˵ʹ, ϾҪ븮ܼ, ⱻץҪЮү
ͷδǲʽ΢, ̴Ȼ档
, ¼ˣ
ĸ, ʰ, үӶҲȥˣλԳĪ, ˵ȻͶˡ
ǲʵЩ̴Լ·ûͨΪȻı
ӦŹıҲߡ
ĪѾԸżȺʱԸ˳, æ
ĪʣôҵΪҲ棬أ
˿̲ة࣬λ˶޷ҲһڽһظӴŰūͳ˹λߣΪ˷ʹթƣֻֽλͳȥǰȫˣةҲͰȫ
ǲʵ˵ͷԷҲЩţڼǰװ
ԷǲӶַϣģ㸸ǰҲ˵ǸŵˣҰĶĪҪΪ鷳
˵أǰǲıׯ
ԷƿһЩǣ⴦ׯǻµģм˽֪ʵƫԶЩҲ֪ɡ
Īʵͷȷϵдһ٣ׯӵ˴ɽڼΪΣһѲ鵽ǱҲ֪ܵа취͸λ뿪
ԭˣԷĵ¹ȫ
Īʰ˻͵ضʱɫ⴦լҪǰıׯС࣬ȴǾɣǰ󼸴ɳ룬ͷ㹻ķ乩˾ס
Է˴˴ֻѾߣĪʽ˰ԺūͶ˳Щ˶ЩȭŹģԷֻܷס£һаٻȥҲ١ūҲλİȫ
ʱ̫¶͵ĳϣǵǵɫ
Էǿ±飺ǱлĪˣҹδϢãʴӶȥϢԵء
˵ת˿ɫĳ񣬰οֻСᱻֻһʱزˣӶĸȥϢɡ
˶ȥԷ˲ظǰ͵һڣһסְ˽ŲŰԷ˷ϡ
ҡ£û˯ðˣ֣ȥĪ˽
Է˵ˮ󣬷ȥˡ
Īˣһʣ̹档
ĪʳƬ̣ЦūŲʲôˣ˽ūּɣʣֻҪū֪֪޲ԡ
Էüͷˣʹ췴ģ££
˿̾һضĪʺȻס̧ͷ첻ѣ˺γԣ
¼Ż޸լǸΪģһ֡ҼӦ˵أҼүվߣʵ˵иס
Īʺݺģūʵʵ˵Ȼʱģɵ׹ûлһ˵ԲҼҵ£˿̹Ҽӵȷв롣
Īʵ˵ˣԷ˱ҲΪѣĪѾ뿪ʹգ浽׷ʲôҲ֪ˡ
ǣӰ¶Ľʲô˵δʧܵĽ֡
°ˣԸƱػᱻǣǵʱ˷䣬ֻ׸ԷĸҲݴ壬ǰ׼ţҲɱһС
֮ǰ½ūţһܵΣյźţūžͲٻعȫһǰݣ˵ֻҪݾڣһҶɰȻ
øӣԼĸҶ̽һ
ԷҲɶκǬ˾֮ģ֮ʱսҪпᣬǰķɣκǬȻΣʱ򻹿ǵѵá
ţˣȥɡ
Է˻Īȥֲ²ŻصϢ

ԶȺĵطʱܶࡣ
˼¼ǲʶסһ࣬ׯճӦǲȱɵȥɹ衣
ǲӶģ֪ϢȴֺϢǲõģ񶼲ã˷ûûΣڲѧ׷켦
һ֮ͬΪһ˴Ӿж
ˡ
ƾȥʣֻ˵ةһаãҲãȻٴβȴ֮ǡ
أ˵ʹͷڴ̣Ƿû
Ƿƽģٽǹ塣
һûϣ˾һȦĵգӲŵ˾С򣬼ŵ˾⣬گԽӣǷھʮɽϡ
ǲʻʲôȴԷȻӵģҲȻûΣաˣȥϢɡ
ɴ⣬Ѱ˸䵹ͷ˯
ҹǲڴշתߣȻ֨ѽһʲôƿ
˶ǲʱΪԼûغãοģ´ȥء
ǲʸƿӣͼһɫӰȻԽϴ齣סĿڱǡ
լ䱸ɭϣĪ˵ǾϣҲֵ֤࣬ʱŵġ˱Ȼǿ㱻ˡ
ҲһֿܣǱǴĪʵӡ
ϳζأǸõ·ھֵǲʶߵĪ£ҡ
ǲ۾Ȼ󣬲ȥɫ˵һ롣
ǲ侲Ż֣ڰ˵ӣܿеƣ
κǬǲ֣ûôֱӺκǬˡ
ţڡ
ˡ
κǬЦţ֪
һʱԣκǬ˫뿪ǲʣ·ڴ齵һߣݶռˣֻδһ
ԼƸѾ£ǳ⣬ѳɻ飬κǬ˻
ԭЩŵǲǺ죬κǬû٩ѲɻҪ˯ɣģҹʵˣһδɻ飬ҶȻʲôҲԣ˯һұҪˡ
ǲһҪߣ
ĽȴκǬƣ㲻׷ʡ
ǲ£խСĴ˯ˣκǬҲܱ֫Ӵ
Źԣ̫ˣ˯ˡκǬǲ£ı۾
ڰУκǬϢƽǲʰҸ첲ӲĲ˿°ѡ
ĺôԼܵ
ǲʲ֪Ҳ˯죬һ˯õһΡ


 65 

͸ǲʵϣ˯úǰȡ
κǬһֳԴ, , ֪˶ãƺǲ, ǲʽë˼£κǬƵס˿ߡ
ǰ˶, ǲ˯ŵʱŨܵĽëס, ϾǴƬ, 촽, ˵ɢõζ
κǬһڳԵǰĺȴ¾˼, ЩԼҵֵز
µķӦһһεκǬ˿̵жôǿ, ΢Ĺ˿뷨ʾһ
һ, һ¡
˯, Ȼ, ңһЩ
κǬͷ, ȵĴ˲˼飬̫ˡ
ֻŴɫ£һҹȥڴѾЩɢ±µߣκǬԽɬ
ϵȽκǬ뿪, ԽصϢǲʲë˼£
ǲʲһۣ㱻ǰȻŴŵõɴ۾Ҫȴѱס촽
ӣǲʵԽǿңκǬЦ⽥̲סıſ쳢˳ζ
ţȻ
ǲʸо˴ϵϸеıץĸһЩһ룬ǰ۾ϣ׾ĸǳǳĻӦ
ֻôһ㣬㹻κǬ̱ǲʵı仯ݼŵʪЩţһǲʾͻᷴڡ
κǬ˻Ӧ͵ļǣƷˮǳҲŹ
ιȥֱǲʺԽ٣ЩκǬδ뿪
ǲǱ۾֪Ҫ˵ʲôźã˿Լһ͸ˡ
κǬŽ˫װȵǲʣ̲סڷ۵ϴһ۰ɣֱкܶʵġ
ǲʣ
ȷѾǵ¶ʸողǣǲ׹ѵ˵Щһô£
ǲֻ۾ЩΣңûʲôʵģԼ˵ʲô˵
κǬЩͷˣдż˿أѵԼˣ
κǬûףֻʵʵĽЩʲô
һǰگؾھྩʱ˷֣գߺȫǽϣǷȫٻء
ôֱӱƹԼһСˣǲ̲סʵ
췴֮ˣֵոʱּټ񣬿ɵҴʥּȥŷ֣ȥ¥գǡõǣѽػͨѹţֻǿһֱ躹ޣû֤ݣֱӽȥǱ˻α죬ҲỳԼĿġ
ҳûӵţα񹴽ᣬܹӣȻıģ֤Ȼò飬ƹܵıһֱʧЩĻŸŵֱϣǷˡ
̫ӡκǬ¶һ˿Ц̫ܣ俴ģȻв֧̫ӵĴ󳼣ҲЩų֮²ޱȨ
ǲһ⣬ǰκǬ˿û˷ĸо£Ǹ˾µү
ҪҪʱ̫ӣ
κǬǲ⣬˱ͷʴ˿δѣܷ̫ӣֻǰԭ޻̫ӵ£úøӰæֻҪ̫ʵ߱Ǹѻνˡ
ǲͷḧκǬЩʧתȴ˼Ϊı飬˵Ӱ㣺ʹǸȣϵɢȥǻ㣺㣬㲻Ҫҡ
ܰһ˱ƵֵزʹǸ˵ĵطǲĵӽɢȥı㣬Ըȥһ
ܹİ⣬Ҹ¶ˣκǬ˵
ˣū澶ϴˮ
̴塣
κǬʾǲʽչ̫ˣ³һ룬ȴŴҴҸٹձܻȥˣҡ
ԱǲʵӡһǣŵĴӴȥ
ǲʸоϷȵ̴ֱٴţǲʷҴææκǬ˯һ봲̣װѵģŸҽ̴
̴źǲϴǲüܴЦ⣬ЩɻԴǲʱܿţĪʲôΣ
治СүȥԺ߰ɡ̴ãҲſġ
š߰ɣӶһ𡣡
֮ǰκǬûܸǽĪʴ˸Ϣ
Ȼھһֱû˱ڵоҪ֧ԮκǬ˷ӣȥڰ·ݣ˱ǳ¡
仹Ҫסһʱ䣬ȴ
һǲʴСĹ̴꣬Ϊ˴Ҹˣ˰취ͷٵ֣Ժϲġ
׼һӷˣָ˲ٸ㣬ʱӡ
ֻ꣬ԼĿڣӶˣ֡
Ӷǲ˷ĸСģΧһƣһǰǰеȫȴ
ѵù꣬ԷҲǺ֣һȲ衣
ʱ˷Ⱦ㣬ͷѩˣ
˳⿴ȥȻ֪ʱѩͷѾһס
˷˳ܳȥȴѩ£ѩѲ
糿һǰԭ˶ѵ´롣
ǲʱѣ۾ƼĸԼƣȻСĵı˯˷
Է͵ЦЦ̷岻ãĸǻҽȥϢˣұ˷ȥǽѻȥ˯

궼ǸصǲʻŻھС
ǲĿĸ뿪վ˸
ƤĴյӶߣЦӶѣ幫ˡ
˹ӡӶһ䣬۱ƼǲʴɫŤ
ǵϣŤͷ˯˹ȥ
Ӷˣǲһ𿴴װع磬ĬĬ룬һĻةฮöá
һҲýˡ
*
³һǻʹ
ҹעǹõģʺҹڻϴǰһҹźŻʺϴ
ϲЩӣһֱǻʺźš
ⲻʺδϴãҴҸϵ
ʺЩ꣬ȴñֳף˵ܳģɣ˵ԻΪĵģ
ԼúõĶӲţƫԻϵϲΪϲã̫ӱ˭ס
Ҳǿ͸㣬Щ꣬䲻ܳ裬Ҳûбֻǻֻõʱȥ
ʺϲԭ䣬̫ҲԭǰʺϵĸҲδ̫ֻҪܱԼһڳиɻϳˡ
۳̫ӶˣʺãȻ״
ʺһᷳĳ飬ҲǿˣҸĸ
Ÿոսţʺڸеᷳӭȥ
òضҹһֱţÿЩȥŰɡ


 66 

òضҹһֱ, ÿЩȥŰɡ
ʺ͵˵, ƣ̫Ѩ
ԵҪǰʰֺһ, ƫƫУֻлһ, ʺ˿棬ڵֻмū, б, ȹǽڵ
ڵϤѾҩζȡ, ü䲻죬˿˴͸
ʱκǬҲ, ǰǡҪȥĻʺ
ĸʥ
ԭ£Щ, Щȶ, ͹㸸, ɼТĵġ
ʺϥ, ԣλӼ̳дͳ, ֻҪܱԼҰΣԶ̫ĸȥ磬Ըȷʵƿصģĸ, ԼⲻҪɫ
ֻӲһǸģúõ׶Щ׽ǽµǻõ
ûƳֶξúܣ̫ӵ¶ĸɾֱӰȥˣһıһ߱˭ô׾ͷ
Щʺа̾κǬͬʱҲ˽ԼҸ˷㣬˵ҲҪлԼһ
ʺκǬǿĺܡ
ĸҲһˣҵʱ䣬ĸЩȥϢ
ʺκǬ˼ֿ֪Լ˽°ˣʵ޷ǾʻĻŵʱЩ˽̱ƹˣܽκǬԼ飬ٻ㲻ġ
ʺȥκǬȥֻüЩ塣
Ҫ˵ʶʱ񣬻ʺ󹬵һˣֻκǬĸġ
κǬϣŸսڣƼճյŴ齣κǬҲһֻۣȥ
ôЩˣ⼸վ㸸õģɣڣЩá
κǬҪϵĲΣסòøˡ
ʵµҩһԶҩǱߣڻԣǻϲԣôһϷȥ
̫ҽԺаԼ֣ԼЩԵҩʳС
㲻ˣһһ۸ʣ̫ҽڣ
һֱƫŵ̫ҽԺǹϡ֮꣬СڶǰκǬ뵽ˣҲûл
Ժ뷢԰ףӲĺܣֻǼκǬͷȥ
ʲˣ
£ڵĶԵģֻһֱҩҪЩʱա
ҩõٶ࣬ҲֻܵţҪʱѣǰλү˼
ţúÿŸʣѩҪܻ꣬ԺʹˣҪעⱣů
κǬΪػĻȴ͸©ŸϢ
졣
Ժ׼ææĵͷӦǣΪκǬµģȻЩúøʿˣ
ףס
κǬĵԺǴˣܿҸʵĲ°ɡ
Ժظ˻ƫ
κǬǳģ֪Ҳı䡣
ĸڴ˿ǰЩ¶Ҫȥˡ
֪ȻѵˣĵǰǺǣ²ñҪɽ˰ɡ
κǬһ⼸Ḷ́ȷûɻ󲻽ʻδգȻˡ
˵ǡ˵һͣκǬĪҪûҵˡ
κǬЩɬδֻǶλùͷܾˣп˵
䶢κǬ÷عͷȥɡ
κǬڵԭͣһϵѩȻֿʼƮūŹɡȴȥ
ƬƬѩƮĶͷ벱ȴ·˶͸ˣ㺮üɢȫи䡣
䣬˭ڶթδһ˻֣ĸҲԼߡ
Ȼ䣬κǬߴһŮӵĺԭһͲѾ·ϻѩˤһ£˿̼κǬΡΡĹȥ
ǲڵĻҪ˷ѩ̡
κǬȻ˿ů⣬һˣһڵ
*
³
κǬɳȥݵľӣɹػݣټĴѩıơ
Ҳڵ磬
ǲڻصԸʱȻǰŵСƼǻүү˸үǶˣү
ԷС˱ܵӰòĺӸˡ
鷿ةӭӣԷ˷ŻһЩةȦãԷ˷۽кҿЩȥ
ԸûôֹˣһΧһ𻶻ϲϲ˶Բϯةϴ˴ιͲС
˱ʮ˷̫ӵĻģͨ˿ûа⣬ᣬӺõúܣЩˣԼ˵һ㣬ЩвǮȫˡ
õģϵʵѵãֲة൱ʱżӹԭġ
ֶҲֻЩܼģԶǰıԺҪѧϰڳǰһǫ͹ɡ
Ҳǫ飬Ŀõģ㴺ǸˣﻹȥʲôƫԶĵطֱھоְûһ˸˵
ңϻǳԸة붼й⣬Ե͵˷ָп֪ʱ˷Ҳܸ⡣
ףŮмºܺ棬̫ӼȻ֮߱ˣⲻϸﻹҪȥѽ
ǲһֱϵʲôãô̫̰ܻ߼Ǹ˽֪ܣ϶԰ţ˳Ǵ˻ϵ
֪̫̰۶ǮةŮɻɫЦŵ
ǲȻǲ֪ģϿة񣬱ЦЦڵԱ³͵鱦һʮǧ˰پʮǮ
ʲô
˵˷ӵɴ۾ǵ¶ٸӰ
֪ԣةɸֵĵһ˷ŵΪ̫ŸҪ飬ʥΪάԼ棬Щ¶Ȼѹȥôӣ°ǣ˭Ըⲻ׵ûˣ
¶޴̾Էʱֹס⣺ˣԷʲô£Ҫĸȥ鷿úġ
ĸƫģǲͷϰսǲϣ˲ע˸
ǣЩʲôϽµĻڵ׶ʱ
ǲʺݺݵһϣĸԼڣϲǰκǬͬޣ¸ǻҡ
ҿ»Ҫһˡ
ةɫһЩŻˣӻδ˱;ĩ·Ҳһв
ة۴ŮģҲ뾡콫¶£κ˱û׿ڶ̫ӵʼջǲģҲ֮ˣֻֻҪûгɣԼŮ㻹أһг䶨Ҳ١
ڷΧةһ仰Էֻٴεô˵ˣҿԵʡûһ飬СľƿɻδأǼȥԴةྴơ
ǲҲҷǣɻɻģǲһӣٲеڶˡ


 67 

꿪³էů, ӱɽ, ǰƽʱӶ˱ѺΡ
, г겻գɭɭ, ûҲֻƼģӰ̱ڵ, 첲յĽ˻δ, Ѫ, ŰƴСĴ塣
ȻͷһO@, Կ׽ѺǶ˵ηǴ򿪣, κǬӺ˽
λ⼸չΣκǬη, Ӹ¿ǰ˥ܵ
ٻؾ, Щʹ, Ұģֻǲ, ˹ڵĶⳡսĽλԤϡ
ܾ֮ҪɱҪϤ㣬ҸӡŪЦЦκǬʮֲм, Ⱥֻڳ͢ϹĶǵޣ֪Լ硣
κǬδۣдƣ֪֮ˣȻ˼֣Ŀġ
ҿǴСģֻ⣬ʱǾȡҽղģ෴һ󡣡
κǬ޶ԣҲżη
ƿС֪㲻ץвǳȥ̧ͷ˵ĺȴ
˵꣬Ҫץң⡣
κǬŵĹǣĦ׹ϵӣⷬӵַʮ죬ԼǸǳһ֮֡
Ǹ˼ҵģǰһ御תƵĮĵ̣Ҳ໤ܽȥؽʱһǰĮΪľǰｫȿ˼ˣⱻЩûɫ۸ˡ
˵ˣɫڶǰĸĸӵĮǰ볯͢죬ĮԼڣֻپ
ϾվΣյĶκǬϵ˦Ķ졣
ҸӶ˶ˣֻʣĸΪβһ·أ
κǬ˿ûо⣬ͷ죺ĮиҰɣŸС´СҲ
δ䣬ŭĿԲȭͷ˽ûж֣ùǰܵĴͷĵ˵ɣҪʲô
򵥣乩ʣӹͬıˣλ䲻ѣɻĮһ˵һƽкβɣ
㣿
յ򱱴󽫾类ҧ˵ͻվκǬмѹ
󣬿·£ֻҪ˵깩ʣڶ±˵ڹҲЩ㹻һˡʱһһĿΣ
á
κǬյ𰸣ĵ˵ͷǰһֱĬĬ㿴ֻǲм˵췴ȴ³çʧܣκǬǴ𾴡
ͬκǬҵź󣬲֪ǻǲʡһŮˣκǬΪݵģˣ˵αӶ佱ˡ
*
³ģӹ򱱽ıһһҾնŷӰݣΪǧܻؾ
³Ӵ顣
ةŮʮױ˰ǵĽֵκǬְǲʴةฮӻ
ǲʸźͷԼƼںҡҷţΧѾվ룬ϯɢȥűƿ
κǬСĵƿͷƼǲպͮͮģɰ˺ϲֻʣǶˡ
˿̳κǬ֪˶ٱ飬ǳΣѹǲʾͻʧ
һҹκǬѹãȴԿԼᣬҲǲյί
ǰ˻ֻмһᣬһ
ڶգǲʽߵڹſڵκǬĿնòš
ƺڿԵԼǲʳͰ͵ܹδ˵һԣ
ʣ˵˵ܾܲȾ̫ӣ̫ӵĸȥ磬Ϊ˵һ涼ʣֻܰˣ֮仹ʲôңң̫Ӱɡ
ǰһĻǲʷصһԼţΪβԸŹԼ͵ܵܣȴֻһı顣
ʹʯ·żǲʲ޵Խң
⵹ǲΪһϲδӺԼڹſڵôˣ¹Լǽо˵ǲǸûжŮӡ
ǲʽ̴ŷ㣬Ϊˡ
κǬԶԶƼǲʣΧ˸ɫĽ磬˳˵ķ٣ֻһЦԾɽۣԱȱзϡ
ֻǲǰ˿ǰۣκǬƳǲʵΪѣ˹ȥ
κǬǰø첲סǲʣס֣ҲվϣŻֶˡ
ǲʷֻſţδκǬϵ¶ȣźȻҰ
κǬƸոƼһ㣺ԭǲ̫ӳǴҶԸģ˼⻹Ҳǽץ˰ѱ
ŵӡ󲢲ã磬žԼҸг̫ӵĹ£ǲҪˡ
£̫簡Ǳԩģ
κǬü֪̫ӷʲô֤֤̫߱߱ӱԩ㵽̲ȥ״УʱҶȻ
̲״κǬ˭֪̲Ķͷ˾һŮʲô֤ݡ
űµð仰˵
£Աɡ˵Ҳûߣ§ǲʱ
ǰǲƿһţеζ˵
ϻû̫𣿡ǲʷӣǵʵ
κǬѳõů¯ǲУúñţţ̫;ĩ·ǰһΪ˵϶߱ɻϺףֻҪһղ̫ӣ޷ܶһա
ϳ̫Ӽʮ꣬е׻ǹֻ֡ǵ㣬ϾֻҪΣա
κǬůЩԭ㲻صңϾٲ󣬻ϵҪŲסˣµĶ޽ҩֻǵŰˡˣȥĸ˵ʲô
˵ǲȥ˷ףΪʲôκǬСĸ׽ˡ
ǸŮˣ˻ϣκ˶׽
ĸĸڿҽ顣ǲԥһ£˵
κǬһƬ׹ǣ⵹ĸΪ˸ʿġ
ţһЩҽ¶Щʵ˵̫ĸһƵھǲʿЦôӻͳһøκǬ
κǬֻ˷棬㽫Ƶھӵһߣɼʺˣ
ˣҲɺϣʺǡҪȥٹĸ֪ģ
κǬЦһɺϣΪʺǸˣĸʲôˣǵݾǣĲطϡ
*
ʮòĻһβ
ڼ䣬ѹһΣʺȰΪ˽ɽ𢣬ðȣӦ˽̫ӵİ¾
Ψӳֶ꣬ûȫ
ҹگ飬̫߱ϣϳ̫ݣ䵽԰ĹΪ̫ӣ
¶ʮϱš
̫԰赲ɱؾҪһ棬µʴ
ʮֱ̫꣬δ԰һ
лҪ˵ģݡԤ ǰµ
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ྩ֪ѪϥСŮͯȹҪ̳ĸľɫݣǻʺŮ˸Ϸ۰ԸʹͶѻɽСˮ
.
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ʽ, κǬĵһ, ʿеĻȴǵ
Ȼʼݱ֮յѰ, ʱԺ󣬷ڲٹĺ, ҵʬ
ѳˡ
֪Ϣǲ𾪵˵, ޻ϼݱ, ѳҪ, ӣδĻϡѵǰûδκǬ
ʵȷûпκǬ, һΪ϶ԼûУʵǣԼ˭ֻȥء
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κǬԼڲٹգ˭Ҳ
ϰٷϴˣ»ȴȻԱգǲʿŲٹյĹţɫʮּĽѹŸҿ
ҡǲеȭͷֽ
һ˶յĺ󹬱ơ
ſԺǲʲñ˸棬ȹһ˽˲ٹұκǬСʱסƫҵ
ӶǲʰƿһеĹսڣκǬڴߣͻĹߣ̧ͷһɲֵǰ
ǲ߽κǬ΢΢ЦЦˡ
һ仰ǲȴᣬۿκǬƽӣˣ㣬ɺã
κǬҵǲʲȥϲµ飺ޣޡ
ǲץסκǬ֣ûа¶ȣͷãҲޣҳȥɣҼû㣬ˡ
κǬеĽɡ
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ǲʽ˰Ѱʱȥɾ·ʱǲʵĸ첲ڴϲߡ
ĸĸȥòá
κǬֻСġһˣǲûޡ
⴫һ˵Ŀȴգɫ˲ӻҪѸٵĴӴȥĸ󣡶ӽйԹԵĶŶ
ô˵һӲȥ̫ܽظȥˣκǬǸĪʶҪ񣬸˵İˡ
ǲŰʣֽĸȥ·
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κǬȥ£ǰסǲʣû˷ŵŻŻˣȻ˭ţƢʰҪʶҪȥ˯ˣҲްɡ

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״ԪھةฮԶĵطǰ깤ǰȥӡ
ǰٺˣȥǶú˵˵һ֮ˣҪչ˵ĸ׸ӶԷ˲䷳ĶţЩסһ͵Ҫ߾Щ᲻ˡ
ӶǵðѸոüѶȥ¸ŸչȥöլŮ˼ҵĶȫģʱ¾ͽ˹֪𣿡
Ҫǻ˷ǲʣضͷĶӶǸƢõģľԱߣԷ˵һ䣬ӶӦһ䣬ɽԷ˸᲻ˡ
ԷԽӶ͵ſڣĨظ
ȵ˵ضӶͷһǵ¼ңƼ˲ԶһլеķҲǷֵضεģǸլǻԴ͵ģ˵Ʋкܶٹ壬һҸլġ
￴ʲôأӶСѾͷʵ
ƣլӱǵܶأǸɡ
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˵ܲٲܲٱ㵽СѾͷδ䣬ƽˡ
쿴λǹү
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˼ֻ֣ýյӶ֮ͬǰ̫һÿˣҲǾӶԼЩһȴ˵
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Ŀ֮£ձЩǰͬˡ
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.
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̫ǰʹΣȻʹȥ˽Գ̫壬ΨаƮŵĹ̫ͯαװʵڶġ
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ػһͯ𰲻Ҵ̫ӵĿŭˤ飬˶Ϊˣ֪ﾹǶųϥµĳСүϡ

һΣ̫ӵϧȴֻʵǸŮˣƺǸ̫Ӳ̫Ը

ϴǰֻԶ͵ͯ𰣬Ȼ俪ʼ׷ԼӰ
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