صС˵www.27txt.com ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ

һ ƽ

ʦϷˣΪһ߷ʦÿ춼ںSSRĵʦ죬˵SSR ָܣŴһٶٻ
໣ҴûôŷʱµٻľڳSSRһǰֻСSSRľ״
ԼͼSSRͼȦҵSSRͼˣĴһĿľ̡칷ġλ鵽ģڲ˹
ִ֮張Ⱥϲ̵ظ˵Լսûע⵽ձһƬͻȻһըŵӵֻһᣬûסȥ
ƿҪģֻоǰһƬ׹⣬Դһ£Ȼ¾ͱޣƮƮȻĸоԼƶѪε˰ɣָоûгãֻžһȻֻ֪ûۣˮǺĺ
ȿȿȡԺУʶԼˮˣƴšӻе£ˮ﷭ڰûŰߣǺ˼ˮ
ΪԼĪʱֻס죬
лл˺þãˣãȻĿܱߣֿǸߴˣ⸱ɵӶЦڰˣ׷¶ЩƯڿеġˡǣȻŵ
ǴԽˣ˶磿ţ̲סЩˣǿʼԼǸ췢ˡر
ʽͥԺƾոڿеʽǣǾԼǴԽˣΪCosplayô档
װã㱻ʦϵͳУлʽһԽʱգֶ磬֮ϵͳؼҡ֪ʱԺͻȻһ
ʦϵͳֹһΧʽǶûضɽﰵ룺ι˵ϵͳ
ԵģϵͳڣԿԸ֪뷨ȻҲѡҡ
һʣ˵ͿԻؼңǴҪ೤ʱ䰡ʵȻѲ࣬ҲǺȥġ
󼴿ɡϵͳҪΪֵشԽڣԻᱣ֤ȫʹʧܣҲԲȡǴ˴Ϊʦ磬ǴԽת磬˴ʧܺغעһŶ
ӵִһݣȡ
ŶôȡϢе󣬲ȻûʲôΣգҲͷˡΪһԺϷԣܴԽˣҲһأҲӱһʱ䡣
ȡִԷ֮֮ٻɴϵͳ棬ʦϷ£ܻƷϵͳУٻʵ·ĿڴУҲԼĴϵͳ
ԺϵͳоԼƺЩһˣ飬۾Ҳø
ﻹЩɻ󣬵ЩҪҪٻʽˣϷһ࣬û뵽пʽʵһ죡
ϵͳչֱ֣ӰٻŽĿڴֱӴӿڴͳһɫٻɻ룺ֻһʦӦûһһŻҷһٹģֻһţһҺܷء
ޣûٻأҲܰSSR˵ˡҺŷҺŷŷ񣬵һʽҴľһȭˣĵԼش󺰣ٻϾڱΧء
ǸǺð֮ǰһЩ飬Ѿܾûô˽ˣһİ磬Ӧһ£Ȼȥڴڨ
һ˫βŮڣ͸ɴ䵽ߣ˵㷴Ӧ˵ô°ͻȻʹӰеˣ
һתϹҲ֪ոһ·أһ׹סңȻ͵ˡ˵꣬ƫͷͷˡǸոĺˣһϲĶμʵ壬еԥҪҪк
˫βŮ̫ԺܸȤŵܵ׻ºˡ
һ̷Ů˹Цĺ˵ιߣŮƺܸȤ˵껹˼üŪ۵ġ
εؿһۣҿЦŮǿӦǱץסģȥɡ
˵ȥΣʧصͷƲƲ죬ȥˡ
ʱᣬոտͷûзħӡʱͲµһ㡣ƺ㵽ʲôЦеض˵ҿҲ޷׻ȥڴ֮ǰҿŶ㵽԰ңϣء
εعЦţ˵ʲôأסٺòˣܶ࿴Ǿ͸ˡ
뵽һ󵨵⣬ǸҵʧˣֻвͣսָܻǰʱҲпܰﵽ㣬ڴ֮ǰܲȱҰ
¶һеЦݣҲûʲô£λСôϾʵǿ½Ҳܷء
Ҫܾģ˵˺Ǿ仰ֻӦ£ʱˡ
۾ģĺܸмضһлл㣡ˣڿʱ仹磬ܳȥûʲôִ𣿡
һ飬óһкڣҲصġ
뿪֮ǰ뵽ʲôҪһҪ飬ܶ˵ףŷ𣿡
סϵЦݣҪ
ϵͳ̽еͼ˳ָߣһһ߶ĺ˵ĺܺðôҪ㣬Ǹˣ
𾴣˵̲סصȻ֪ҪͲӦ
УȤ²һ䣬ʱܺˣ˲һһϦܡԡģ˼ҵʽ񣬻ȰԼҵʽٻȽϿס                        
лҪ˵ϵͳԴں͸¶ǰ治͸Ŷ
ᣬղ~˷漰ǰ֮⣬~

ڶ δ

ΪûбʣֻʹҧԼָѪſͨϻ˸ġ
ҶѪˣһҪSSRƯɵýŵر۾ﲻͣ
Ƥ𡫡
ף͵͵ۣʲôʽ˵𣿡
ûԼٻʲôʽΪǰһʲôûС
Ƥ𣡡ǸΣоʲôڲԼСȡ
ԭǸͷСţͷȥֻؿڻһѪɶ⣬ⲻǿڴֵƤ˵õʦϵͳأôõٻȴС鰡
СƤ𣬼ըϵͳ֮رʾܻӭʽ𣿡
ǰһڣʦϵͳʽЩûƤкܸʽǳС飡
ϵͳͻȻĬһᣬ֪ʲôڣϰ죬ߵɽˣŸɰͰͽͣϵͳ㣬ֻٻͽССʽں˿ڴ֣ٻ൱SRƤ𡣡
ǺǣŹ֡
һϵͳһֱߵƤͻȻŵشƤƤ
ôˣƤ
ҲõƤˡһ紵ͻȻһѷ죬˽ȥ
ֳˣѷ죡֪ǸػĹ󴬣ԾúܰȫһֱһԣûעΧû뵽ѷȥ
ϵͳεεΡиͣ⣬ϵͳСʱĻ֣ͬʱ׷һٻע⣬㼴ʮֵΧٻʽ񣬴Щ֣
ȥûסһ䣬ó͵ƱѸ滭һᣬжǲŻ°SSR
ϲٻSRʽֶ
ֻԼһɣƿڴϵͳ㹻˰Ϊϸ˵иȵƤҲ˵ˣôΣ㻹ҸҳС飿
ϵͳίˣұѾرСٻΪ˿֣ȷʵˣַֻųһֻС飬ܱȸһֻͨRʽðɡ
ûʱϵͳϹˣ뵽翴ɲ˶ֶļʲô㿪ϵͳʽ棬ܿʽǵֶļ裺ߵˣ˯˯ʮָƴײˣܰٷ֮ʮ˺
򵥿ֶļܺٽƤĵһʮءأӦÿԵһᡣ֪ܲҽڴ֮ǰþɱ֡
ֶļʱܺãͣ裬Χǻ˯ƤͳûʹõһʮأĻļܶòˣϵͳ˵㣬ûȼš
һƬѷʮֶֻ֣ȺأƤͻƣЩֱȽƤҲɢˡ
ڴˣȺǳȥɣҪҲǣöһᣬг֡οСӣǰϴæˣԼϵͳʾ£ʹʹáûƤǿ
ûϢãѷռͻȻҵǿ磬һŮðݺݵسްҺúްȻɱҵĺǣ
ڴʱһ˺Ŀռ䣬סŮ֡ǰֶһ棬Ůճɻҽ
мؿոû취ʱӦҪǺʱϵˣˡ
ˣǵøϿȥ·ֱɡ
ʱϵͳһʾѷ֣ǧ飬ŮƷһʰȡ
ȵȵȵȣϾҪ뿪Ƭռˣϵͳ˵Ʒ䣬ļȥжˣ
һۣһżĺӣ߰ȡ˦Ѿҹˣûʲô²Ҫٶ
ŶŶллĵرСӣǹ߱ȽϰҲ̫壬뿪ѷһ˲䣬ѷĿռͻȻһĺӵҿˣһǿҵĽ汬
һ˲ˡ⡭ǿƣɢȥһտյĿڵϣᡣưģոΪʲôҪֶ
ϵͳһĬûзʲôֽšЩơǺҪĴڣĿǰǻûѡ
صʱûʧȥƵĴлָſյĿ飬ͷϵͳϵͳǶɢʦǲҪСӣһѿռ
ϵͳһᣬոտƱѷ඼ˡģЩ϶ǻȥ磬ģʽ񣬲Щ
Ǻܲģ˭ϣԼøǿϵͳ˵Ҳԣʽأˣ֮ǰ˵㣬ʽʹôʲô˼
ʽкĻܶҪʹһһڵˮƽʹõһԼⲿֻҪĵطͲ޷ʹüܡȻˣͯӣӻĻá
ֻһֱˣôȥְһжŲ
ո㲻Ǵ𣿡ϵͳǸСϵͳΪ˰ǲ˵弶֮ǰһʮ֣ʮ弶ķ֣ʮ˷֣ʮʮ֣ʮʮ֡ߵĻ߿ɴʮ塣㲻üȼȥˣȻͶˡ
⣬ڷʦĵһ񣺰Ĳʳߡ˵дֲʳӹСʹɽеСӽܻᷢĶңʦȡҵʳߣ𡣡
ͱơ½ͻȻιιܰСȫ֣ܵ϶ȸոЩǿܶ԰ɣҺƤֶĵȼ弶ȥ֣ȥ𣿡
񲹳˵ΣգϵͳһβںٻһţٻšԺÿδܹߣȽȼʮ񡣡

 鿨鿨

һ鿨ضߣһϵͳٻʱ鶪һߣĦȭ׼ʽ񡣡ˣβٸʲôС˰ɣ
Сٻȫرգĳ鿨
õģȳֽɢִһͳеķɫŻɫһ
ɫķƮڿУҵ΢Ĺâɢɷĩ¡
ϲóࡢаࡣ
ˣŲֽҲָʲôöһٴҧָʼʣϻģԼٻ١ߡԡСڡǰ
˵䣬ŵر۾ȴϵͳ
ϲһֻè
ۣҲûףҵģҹȻǷˡΧԼߵЩʽӸסһ㶼ĽƤֶࡢаࡢèϵͳҪôܿݴְܴ
ϵͳĬһᣬίͰ͵˵ϵͳȷʵ㣬ֻٻͽССʽûпڴֻ֣ٻЩʽˡ
ȱ˰е㻳ɣøտʼϵͳô˵ҽڣ׷ˣϵͳô˵ǿȱˣȻҲ̫Ϸ˰ɡûٹϵͳʼôܿʱֻܿʽˣ֮ٻҲҪϵͳָٳ顣
ǡһֻӨݻҲð̲ס̾һ䣬ߵʽǣҵʮа˷ˣϷһٻͯӣ͸һ㡣ҵǸλȥ鿨ŷ
ˣϵͳÿսĿ֮󣬶೤ʱԻָ
ÿӻָһ
ϵͳ棬طʱʱһЩ⣬ϵͳػشˣȱٵһЩܣ˵ڻῪŻܡܾϵͳ̫棬涼ĳƷһ̫ˣûйᣬϺܿ˯˹ȥ
ɣ𣿡һŮ֪ˣԶһ㡣
۾ԺһᣬͻȻձʱӦǺܽڵģ̴һҼܣտƬģļ䣬õĺͷҵ¼ϣȻӦǣѾˡ
˵꣬ţһòŮӣš
ǣ
ӣ˾ͿˡŮ΢΢Цţ׺ͣһӻĺøС
ãҲֱӺɣҪˣͦϰߵġôó˽ء
õġЦ˵Ȼǰһаһ£ЩΪ׼·Ϊ˵ҪţŮװ᲻㣬Ҿţ׼ʿ¡
ллǡҲᴩؿˡ
Цɣ
ǻ·.ŵˣպ緹ʱ䡣
ˣ˵еҪæȥɡʱһ㶼ʽߣ˺ЩǿʽԶȥֻȥ
ʱ򻹲ãٴǰ;еɲ⡣ͬڶϺ裬Ǹܿˣһ˫ʮֹˣϻһֱ׺͵Цݡ˫۾ܾѹɽ󣬺ԼѾ͸һ
ҪţЦ˵ֻ張һѧֲǴٹˡ㲻ǻúõظ˵𣿡
һЦմԽ鼤أĻôࡣƽֲ˽⣬ǼȻѾʮ񽫣ʹֻһѧҲ츳ˡϻʽ
카ºظһᣬٻԼʽжټŶȻŮԲˣ㴩ԷװĻҿԴȥμһЩίеĻء
ŮԣҲڵʽԣŮװ򵥵Эʽˡ
ʱʦĵλߣȴż͵ٺ»ֻ˽󳼡屣Ѻùϵܴǽӵ˽Թϸõǰõõ󳼵Ѿ̷ˡ
Ҳܸһ𣿡һ£ֵ¼϶С£ַӳᣬû֮ôλȻ
ǸĺûᰡĴһ֣Ȼϵͳ˵õľ룬ǿ϶ȫһ㣬ҲԼȥҹ֣õģǾ鷳ˣ
һ˵
ΪûԼԺѾ¸˵һ㡣֪ʽǿģĶλֻǸʦƤȵȻԹ̫Сսкɱá
סңڽӵ˽ίв࣬Դ󲿷ʱ仹ԼϹ䣬óȥˣȥˡûʲôкѣֺʽԺϲһ𣬶̶̼죬˾ͳ޻˵ĺѣҲ֪һЩ¡
ʽ˳а࣬ǿɰ͵ģƤֶܻϲԼĶҲҪƤ棬֪ȻŶʮ꣬ĶӶˡ
ļƽøǵƤʱ򣬴ʱտºӵƤײ֮ǰŲϤ֮󣬼ƽżҲƤС棬ҶǻЦ
˼Ҷʮ꣬Ӷܴˣʮ꣬ȴû̸һ˵ʱ򣬾ͻָլŮɫĺǳ鴤һֱֻŵʱųڸ
Ƥ𣡡Ƥο˵ء
ʽֻƤԶһ㣬ае̲㣬ʮҳϣһȫšèֻȾƣƺľƾԶȲһˡè˾Ǿֶ̡Ǹǿĺӣرϲ裬ϴһǻϰμֳĸá
ԼʽԻˮƽǸȼֱصİɡ

 󳼷

Ȼ˵æµһͬʱѾȷҪ̷󳼣ʱʱעʱԼ׼ϾЩҪ󳼲һ½ʶ˽Ӵ
ɣ˯ҼǵʽԴߣܸȥһǵ˯£źרȥѰҵʧߵԭ򡣡
ðеġεֲ࣬һҲͳȥҸΣͬʱСӹǴһЩϢϵͳǸǺͷҲ֪סĵġ
ԴǵͥԺͦģҸլִǺլ˵󳼵ķݸЩµ˵ҳ˵ǰ氡ֶǰٷְЧûǸ˭˯ŵĻҲᱻɣ
µģֻǸ˵пܿ԰˯ȥԣ֮ǰѾмʧˣҲ
֪񣬻᲻нΪϵͳǰζǴֺģЩ鲻ҲܻýĻֻ棬ǽˡ
ε󳼺ᣬմӸнӹλã֪ǲǵͬţմȾ˱ĶǼլ
һ󳼣һЩŮǣǵӵס
ŮƿԿ˵ɫϣɫƣȦأ۾ֻ΢΢ӣȴһֱš
Ѿû˯ˡŮ͡
ͷʾԼ֪ˡŮ˵һߣʦʩĿռ䡣
ǾͰˡ
ֶʹó衣ѻֶŵ򿪵ϡ
ֶ˻ᣬȸоһָҲһֱӵȸԾСһҪúñ֣͸ϴһһ˶˯ţʱֶôõֶˣܵʧΣ
ŶŶŶᣬŶŶֶĸǲظģڿ֮ǰֳĵϵľġ
ԶŮ˸ǷЦҡҡͷԼʹ˷磬ֶĸ޲𹥻ʽ˶ܵá
¶ֶܺ棬ûио⣬Ϊǡ񡱰ɣԵ͵ȼĸЧ
ֶĸ˴ߣаĵáֵǣڵķ˯ˣֶĸһͣͿʼجΡ
⡭Ȱס촽˿ӣֿҲûиоԹҲûΪλǿ»ҪϸŮ
ͷƤȥŮ
Ů۾Ȼ󾪻ŵضţʧˣҾȻ˯ˣ
䣬ĴסˡڷѾ˯ǻЩ⣬ϣܻش𡣡
áŮŲԱߣ
˯źͿʼجΣǾʲô־𣿡
ʣŮһ£֪ò˵£󳼡
Ҫغ˵׷ʡ
Ůԥ˺һᣬԷ˵Ĺ˾
каŵ飬˾ʧߵġӰǰʼÿʱͻӤĿȴܰˣÿ̲סᣬʹڰ죬ҲԼʧȥĺӣ޷˯
֪ʧȥӣ¿Ҫ
СӲǺúõ𣿡ֱѯ˵飬ֻýŵСӷʡ
ǴӣŮ˵ȥ۽ǵˮٶУǼϲ飬в£ͺ׵ˡ֮˱ѻӤŵңΪӤԼĺӣԲʦ֪
鲻óֻܿôˡ
Ĭģɴ࿴ϵͳûݣϵͳ˵ˣֻԿ档
ƤҲڳĬʹƿڣҿʲô
ƤƤ
ƤĽصϵͳæʣôˣ
ŮʽãȻؿ֪ʲô
Ƥģʲôˣ
ƤƤƤһδ֪Ŀ־壬˵βͱʲôץסˡ
ҵʽڷ˵ʲôץסˣô죬ܽȥ𣿡
кܶʦνڼŮҲֻĸˣҲʾˣ˽ȥŮ޹ڸ
ܵƤ𣬡ࡢèȽȥ
ҲԼʽ񣬡̫Ҳȥ
ʽȥþ˽ץסƤĲǸӤ顣ƤϲԲץס

 㱾ջ

̫ȥӤת˼Ȧֱ󺰣ȷʵǷ˵ĺӣ̥̫ǿֵĹŻҲΪ̫ǿˣӤ顣ʱ޺
˿ӤûжԹĻֻҪͿˡ
Ů׷ʲôĶжԵͷ˵ŭЩ
ʼгȵƤҪ£Ӥ棬ס
ǿֻ˼ӣӤͻɵ㾫⣬Ʈɢ󻹾ڷ˼Ȧһֱجεķ˰ӤĺˣϾĸײԸ뿪ϵ˺˵壬Ҳ
ѾˡŮͷеʽ񣬡ôǾȥظˡ
Ůһ۰˯ķˣɫ˺ܶ࣬л̫мˣǶǺʦ
뿪ʱ̲סող˵˵ĺӿΪֶǲﰡ
ҡͷʦ̷󳼼ңЩֹǱˣϾլԺҲ½硣ûܽ⣬Ϊ˵Ŀ
ŶǸ߼ǿĻ˳İɣ
ǺӸԵԺ󻹻û˵ǣ㵽⺢ӸҲԵ֣֪ԺᷢʲôĹ¡
ɻ󱻽˵㣬һ߸ߣһߴϵͳûн
ϴϵͳҪͻȻ˵ŵϵͳѽĳʼ֪ͨ
ʼӿһ㣬̾ʹʼ»ƽƽ಻¼ʦÿһ¼ϵͳ⽱ʽǿ
ĶҪͣˣ֮ǰʽǵ⣬ϷͬʽιҲ̫ˡϵͳηųµߣͽ⣬ֻĻ᲻֪࣬᲻ʽõǿ
ʼֹһ⣬һǽʼûо飬ȴһǿƬ˵ɹһֻʽǡ
ѯϵͳϵͳǵǣǵǣǲҪĿȼһȡѶҲһ𣿡
ǵģǲǣֻҪһſҲ˵ҪһǿҲֻҪһǿʡȥмǿ
еѡ֢û趨õʽͺˣϵͳ˵Ƥǣǣǡǣм൱˷ſҪǲõʽǵĻǰֲ
صլʽ񿪻ᣬǵ˵ˣһǿǵģԺܳʱ䣬Զᱻǻˣû취Լʲô뷨𣿡
а˵һߣȻ̲㣬ظӦ˵뷨֪ʵѾԼ
èƺʾϲܣоƾ͹ˡֶĳȼ޹أΪ˱֤ս˳˾Ƥǻᡣ
ǿֻǣǾ飬ʮϣҪʵս
˵ˣҪæ飬úתˣ䣬ߵĸԶһ㣬᲻֡
ȻӦ£ܳ˾ĻҲɰ׻һ𣬰׻ݵķͣһûǰϻɰ׻ǻ֪֮ͦģ֪׻Ҳÿζ˷صʱ䡣
֪ǲǹڿ쵽ԭγŶջʱֻһֻ֣ʱһģʵ̫ǿǿӦˣһ£ʽǵȼʮ߼
Ϊ֮ǰϵͳ˵㣬ӰٻʽʱĽѾһ£ΪһÿظµˣһԼĽ
Ʒֻһʮ飬ø˭ʣŸԺʽɡ
ȻصǣʮŲֽˣٻʽǸRҲð˵ݵͳеĻҷ̲סҪٻʽûɫٻɫҲСС񫡣
ѻҷӵƮţĺ㿪ǡ˼ãͻȻֱϵͳٻ£ϵͳôˣҲỹֻٻСʽɣ
ĿǰRʽȫSRʽٻSSRˣǴԽͬҿһԻô¸֮SRʽӦܽ󲿷֡
ȵȣ׷ʣΪʲôһҪһ簡ɲʳƵҪˣôʱ䣬㶼ռ㹻𣿡
ϵͳȻĸ೤ʱ䣬ʵƿڡûһͷ˺ʵʱ䣬ȻȻɵġ

 ѵŷ

ϵͳƺ̫Ը̸⡣оһᣬŽŸͣʦת磬ҲǸǣĵطȡ̫ܻӰ쵽ʱᣬ㴩Խ֮ʱ̫죬ͻزʱˡ
ϵͳĽе֣ڵٶȣƻҪþãûϸ¡ҺܷǷˣƱȵ¸ٳˣ˵SSRֻٻR
ϵͳô룬뷭ۡһϵͳһεƷǿƣѵԼŷð
ϵͳ뵽ԼһЩ飬û⣬ô꣬ͻȻе顣
ĳɳٶƫˣϵͳԥһᣬ˸ɸṩµİ
ǸմԽʱõʾΪһῪ긱ֻҪڴ֣аٷ֮ʮĿԼ긱ڸ״̬󣬿Եꡣͬ类϶Ϊ಻ͬȥһʱһ˵ЩǿԵĹ֡
ȷһߡʦϷ趨ҪʼˣǸεظˣʱԼ֮ȥʲô磬һݱϡ
˵ȥ¸ôôո˵ʱ⣬Ҷû㶮ء㲻˵ת˼ǣۺʱҶȥ磬ȻٻҪ뿪ʦٴһڼǲǾʱ侲ֹˣ
Ļȥ¸磬ܾʦ
תʱͬ仯ģ뿪ʱΪ𲽵㣬ȥ˶ãͻͬŶá
ҪȥӰ߱ʲôطǱߵ˳ٻѾ˼ˣǸνĲʳ߻𣿡
ϵͳֿһᣬѾˡһͻϡ񣬽ʧȥᣬܾѵҲòӦĽ
ڣұֻ֤Ҫ뿪磬ٻʱһЩˡ
ϵͳϵͳ²һ䣬ȻеĻҷ㿪RȫˣЩķ䶥ҲٻRؼˣһʽҲиѡ
񡢵ͯӡ㾫ͯͯСͯŮͼɽáʮʽһǰ
治ҳ鵽ġûôŷȻ˰˸Rɵ¶ҸɵЦǰϷʱ򣬲ֽûгRRĸҲߣγRȫãҲǰδˡ
ϵͳϷÿֻܴʽԹȺڣôʽҲǰϷ𣿡
ϵͳλظĺܿ죬Ͼ֮ǰ趨õĶΪ֮ǰʽֻÿʽ񶼻ͬľ飬ʮֻ齱ֵӣÿδֵĽ飬ԭлٷ֮ʮǣ齫ʽƽ֡
һ𣿡е㲻˵ǽһǧ飬ÿʽô࣬ǰ˵ڽһǧپ飬ȴҪƽ֡
ģһǧʽһǧϸģܹǧЩʽƽ֣ʱʽ񣬼ƽ־ʽ⣬ʦ˵ľ鲻档
ǰЩʽ񣬾Ըߵȼʽ
ͯӡ㾫ͼɽáˣܣ֮ǰֵʱ򣬲ûиоغϵƣ軹ѷٶȵЧ𣿡
ɽõ豾ǾѺеģΪ˽ʡԴϵͳȡ˾ѹܣʽһ־Ǿ״̬΢е仯Ȼѷܸĳ˫ʹ֮ʽĵһι˫൱ڹΣͨ
ϵͳ֮ǰֶļֲܽͣ䵽˵棬غֻʱʣÿغϴʮӡһ˵ʽιʱҲʮ뵽ʮ֮䡣
ʡ£ͻǵϵͳˡȻغȷʵʵս²һ䣬ϵͳͦõģңֻҪʽ񣬱ľνǾʦиİң뵱ÿһΣһƬ


 ٹҹ

ʦǴܡĲʳߡһֱûֵӰҲûӹصϢ
ϵͳ˵ÿܷ񡣷ʳɹʼÿ춼֡ΪһھԽԽࡣ
ٴδӾ룬˵¾ȥԽԽˣᷢʲô°ɣ
һʮ֣Чʿ˵ǷǳˣʽʮȼԽԽƤҲܵʮ˼ʮȻèаֻ࣬ר˸ʽ񣬱Ͼǿõõ˵Ǻ£ԽԽȴǻ£е㵣ġ
壬ʱҲڣ˲֪˵ʲôЦݡ
˸кΪһ衣
ǵģ֣ܶе㵣ģǰˡ
ɣٳűȽϺŶЦ˵ԪڣʱкֳܶأҽϢһ죬쿪ʼҪͬһ׼Ӧٹҹˡ
˵ǰٹҹУʵԪڸһʱ䣬춼кܶεҹˣʱһҲ̫ǿֻ֣̫ദܺķѾʱ䡣
ҿԸһҪҵʽ񡣡סôã˵Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
ٹҹʱ張ȫԱȥҲûʲô⡣ûôͻظԵǿԣǻ۵ġˣһء
˵ʵֻǲϣμӰٹΣķǳˣŮˣϸϡ
ϲǰˣЩҪȥٹҹѵõĻᣬʱȥˣٶ𣿡
ҲǰԼѣϾÿ춼ȥҹҲ
ûµŶЦ˵ҪһҪúüͰɣһڼΪġ
ӵڶ쿪ʼǶٳţҲʦ̷ңһҹֵ洦ɼħ֣ΪԪڣǲûɰٹҹС
ȥĶǱȽΣյĵطûиһ𣬲뿪֮ǰҪ޲𹥻ǵж֡
ֵĻˣĶҲͶˣһ˵εϲź־˶µġ
ȼѾᵽʮ˼ҲǿˣһʯʨԾǽϡ
ûرǿġԽǿֵʵҲԽǿȷЩֶԼΧ֮󣬶еʽԸһ飬ֻֿ֣ͬкģҪ뿪̫ԶǺǣʮ֮ڡ
Ϊ̫ˣҹսʽȫˣǵȼ͵һҹսҲȻ
ϵͳèʮˣûǿ˰ƽĻбķõǿ𣿡
ϵͳ̹񣺡һһȵԪڵʦɡٹΡڼɱĶԽࡢڰٹҹܵʧԽСϵͳĽԽ񡣡
Щʡ
ꡢҡǿȣͬʱϵͳ̵꣬ʦʹýҽס
˵꣬˲أһζûٷ֮ʮĸ治ȶ֮ǰϰû꣬뵽ʽꡣ
ѩĻʮزʮʮ֮ʮʮʼ꣬Ȼһ⡣
ϵͳЩôûǼ
ϵͳΪ򻯰棬߱ǼܣΪֻװԣûӳɡ
ҪѪˣǲͣ鴤ڰٷְȷһϵͳʽжǿ˵ȫˣһô棿
ҲûΪʽǿˣȻ㲻ôɵ⣬ĳֳٷְ꣬ʧ⣬㷢κʧȥ塣
ϵͳֱ׳˵úÿĻ񿪽ָϷһһʼˬԽԽģɾ͸б޽͡
У˵Ķеȥˡ
ΪֻһӵʦϵͳϷԶͻƣжʽʵΪĵͼ̫ڿҲʽԭ
̫٣ϰߣ֮ͱ㾫زͱͼزͱɽôͱ֮ͱ
Ǳ뵽˸տʼϷʱˣǱҪһҵõ˼ǿܱûǿ뷨ؿʽǣһԵߣʽֱӳЩ꣬ԺʹˣҲû취
ҪϵͳһͷͿƤֶèࡢаҲΧߡ
һԴǸǸˡ˵ţָЩʽ񶼴꣬ȲԺòǣֵǿġ
صլ˯£ĺ뿪
Ǹ֡ʮʱǿģ벻ߣѣʲô¶ûпܿǡ
ֹסĻ֪ˣǻˡƺźǿȴ̫ˣעⱣø˷ر֮ⱻǿֶϡ
Ա˵˽ȤѣҲõʦǱǼӡ
Ĭطߣոʽ˲õһ̫ˣʹЩʽȻĶ֣е㵣ģϣǻɺܴĶң


ڰ ǲʳ

èǵľ鶼ˣȫ˷ѰԪڣ͵ֵϵȰٹҹУ뵽˷Ѻܶྭ飬еۣ˵ϵͳô繦ܰý翨ʽҲԴ顣
ϵͳһ˵õģһο飬ȥ¸֮ǰҶ޷
ܱûкáֹһ䣬ԶԶӿ
ȥٹҹôְмǧֻһˣһƬӰеôܼҪݱȺսܻᱻ
ʽҲеţֱȽٺܶ࣬ǶˣҪȺֵĻĻɣΪûΣյĻͲʽû

֪ʱߡ
ÿĿ⿴ڵؿһ˵㲻Ҫһ˶Ըˣٹҹпдֻȥ˶飬ɡ
õģͬ⣬飬ȱ֤Լܻȥɡ
ٴγ˱дȵζ
˼ҵʽһһ׼һȺҲһˣֻܸں侭顭ȻôţǾĴжٶӶడ
൱״̬ܻһ뾭飬ҹ֡ɱֵٶ̫ˣŵʽѿʼ㼶ʽųԾ顣
ϵͳΪӶ
ˣֶԹ˹ʼػȪæµʱ̾Ҫڽ죬ֻɨԸ뿪Щ־ˣͶ١
ҹͷΣ̻ȥ˯Ǹʱзֿзɹһֻ޴֣һֻֻ֣צӻץһֻ
ĵһǲʳߣ
ǻȥɡһʹٹҹ֮ҲǺƣˡ
˳䣬ָֻ֣㿴ǸǲǺǿĴ֣ڳԱ֣
ոûע⵽˳ָ򿴹ȥüͷͬĴֶǺаĹ弸վΰٹ˶ƣһӦĹ
ȥΪ˾İȫȥ̽һ׻÷ҹȥ
ȵȣҲҪȥһ˳Ҫ
ӦòȻȥҿͻ
Ų˵ֻ֪ʲôԸ
ε̾Ǻã㱣ְҪֵע⡣
һβʽġ糵⼼淽㣬ŵд칷ˣҲô칷÷С
׻ԶԶǸֺ棬ŵֲԶĵط
Ϣڹ󴬣ɻиذ
ֵֻĽ㣬ʱڽʳץ֡
ƤеӦɱֱֻ֣ŶԷʱ֣Ųʱˡ
̧ͷڹ۲˺ʽ񣬷·𱻼ŭ㣬ߵʳһ£ֱͳ
εٻ̫䣬̫šʹ÷֣վǰʱʹڱǡ
ֶҪ裬ʽҪӽʹԶ̹ϽԼʽҲ֡
ϵǣڴֱת֮ͻȻ³һѽҲǴԶˡ
ͬڻǲǳԹʿȴ뵽˿ƣûǴĻһšơ
Ƥ𣬶ԽʹðأѾǶʮˣߣԿʽķŴС
Ƥ𣡡ƤУʹԼѻĵȫųָĿꡣ
ûֻǱ罩ֱˣ˻ʹʽҲϵڹ֡
³ĽУðһ̣һصĿơ
۾һȻҪҵĿƣ
ֱûӽӲлָƤƴСˣо̱һö
󻯳ɺɢȥȲȥƣдԼ֣ƺˣһ㷴ûУ׹ڽ塣
һ߿ţҲʣǵú˵Ū˺ҪĶˡ
ԭΪҪʱġоһû뵽ô
̲ס˸ĹǷѹ;ú
ЦҡҡͷεȰϢһʱء
ûо鿴ˣһȥ˯Ǻǵıӡ
ͽ緹һݣ⣬Ƥýȥ
Ѿʱˣʱ䡣ƽʱһֻͣϾŵʮһͣĵһͣҲرӦĵط
ʦݱʱûдǿȥһˡ
ڳꡰ緹ϵͳͻȻ˵
ȥһϵͳĻһӲ
֮ǰ͸˵ˣ֮󣬾̥ϵͳͻȻ뿪ֲ֮ǰˢһܻģҪô˵
ôҪ뿪𣿡ɻȥƵʣ´λǶ֮ˣ
ȡٶȣϵͳͣҳ֮⣬綼ֻȥһΣԿܻܾͣãϾҲܾ׼ȥǸʱ㣬ЩǱȵ¼ɵġ
֪ˣ¸ȥģ
Ӱߡ
ס۾ϵͳѡȥ𣿡
Ӱʱֶ̫࣬һȥǵСʱ򣬽̽սǴʮˡ
ϵͳеԥʵ鲻ãӰĻԣЭˣԻֻܸ˳򣬶һ˷Ҹյõһϵͳ޷ˡ
ľ飬ȥСʱʱ䣬㲻ǴһǸʱɣ
ģÿݵʱǸʱĻֹܻλӳ黯ÿ綼ͣá
ãǾȥɡȥˡ˵ҪԶСܰһʽʲôʱ뿪
ϵͳش𣺡һǿʽ񣬲ûSSRģĸ֮ǰǾҪ뿪ɺһͨͻ򿪣Ҫ磬ھҪʼıͨˡ
лҪ˵´λǶ֮~
ʲôģȶһȥ

ھ ʲô

ǻŶ˵ԼҪԶ֣֮˵עⰲȫϣټء
еʧӣ̲סȷʵֱΪ˵еʱúࡣڴԽ֮ǰѾܾûʵеĺˣ˶˵Ҫ뿪ٻ֪Ƕ֮ˡ
ĺ󱳣εҡҡӣ뿪˵˵
ôᣬҪ뿪ģϵͳѴԽص㶨ڴɽһߣΪǰɴԽ𴲣ҲûʲôҪĶֻǰ»ִ·
·Сģ˺ſͣ£ȥ
һɽú棬ѻӻ֣ţһᾡģ
ҹĻ٣˳̧ͷǿգЦ˵ѾȻ뿪ˣռʾһ˳İɣúͻ
µֶҲοزˡ
ǶͻȻһ£ͬʱɫо룬ʧԭء
أ
໣ʹˣ˸УյҵĳǻǴӿеˮ̶ǴӿеԺԽˡ
ϵͳôûǰ˵ʹˣպ鲻ãԱ˷Ƣ
ǸС㣬û°ɣһŮ
ϵͳʻ˼ҡ
ףⲻǾ֯𣿡ֹţȴҪװʶӣллģֻˤˣһûˡ
֯ˣܹæڸ򹤵Ĵѧкֵܶ·ĻҪСһŶ
лл㣬ֻǸհᵽУ֮ǰԼõķӱˣסҵڡǸҺˤˣ֪ҽԺʲôģܰæ𣿡
ˤˣ֯ҪиͬѧǿģҴȥɣϾôһˡ
֯еĻҪģǲͬˣȴˡ
ˣָ֯·һŽȥĵط߹Ż˶ʮӣһ·˻˽һЩΪֻ֯ʮ꣬ʮˣֶ֯ʹơ
ãһڣ֯һȥ;ϹʺãҲźá
ŶⲻǾһ𣿡һϴЦݣﰵ룺һСӲнŶ
λˤˣҸ֯һƬţȻָָ
һһ飬ιιСưˣֻˤĻһܴġ
Ǹ֯ƵףźҿȴûСƣôֱ㶴Ż߹߶鷳
ûû¡Ҳӻ֣֪֯Ǻ⣬ˤһȻҲ˽ǣֻûطȥ֯סˡ
һĸһ£㿴ˤʵҲûأʹͺˣҸȻϴ
˶ձ΢˽һЩô˵Բлллл壡ɰͰ˵䣬˼ǵһȻǿģͷβûһҲ֪һǲĻҽ
ֽϵ˴꣬Ѿϰ˵ˡ
С㣬ôˣҲҵطסҪȥҼȴպһɡ
ڵȵ仰ˣ˸YESȻװֵصл鷳ˣһᾡҵסġ
ִ·ֻһǴԽǰڼҴıT˶㣬װ粻ʺϳŰ£취ǮȻܲܲסԺȰɡ
֯Լ˵̣Ͼ˯档
֯˯ˣԼû֮ǰ˰ٹΣŴ˲ʳߣֻͻȻ˵Ҫ뿪û¡
ϵͳн
Ѵ򿪡ٹνǿһšǿһšǿһţĹʮʮʮʮ鿨ţٻţһ򣬿ٹֹܡ
ɡĲʳߡǿһţһ򣬶ʮ鿨һţʮ鿨һţٻš
ͷЩҪǿȽո뿪ʦ֮û취ǿˣ⼸ſͿصʽ
ˣٹֹʲô
ʦвʽ񣬿ɷٹ֣һ֮ڲʹǵĻǾͻᱻٹᣬҪߵʽʽϢҲֹ̫ʽ񶼸ʦߡ⣬ÿһֻʽ񱻷ٹֽҡ鿨ϡƷ
ϵͳͣĻЩ䶯ǰģʦ֮кܶҾ淨̫Σİøһ㡣
óٻһ߿üţһʣ֮ǰĽˣ磬ʲôµ𣿡
ϵͳĬûõش𣬸ое֣ƺܴĬУ֪ϵͳĲ˼
ιʲô񰡣ɱֿң֮ǰʦҺôȣûʲôұȥȾʲôİ
ڿһ꣬ƵƷȫձ
ϺףԶ䣬ûɣʲô磬ɫʦ
лҪ˵еСbug԰ǰ޸һ£ԺϵͳĽɣ

ʮ ô㵽庡

ˣܱȥȾãǸȫ񡣡ûϵͳͣĴسƱȳϵͳSSRĳΪ㣬ʡŵ㡣
ʮˣϽӵ֯ҳָմ˵ˮʼƱϻ
ɫâȥһֵȮûôùʽ񣬲ôǸSR˵ʹʻͦߵģֺǺǵȮվһߣٻ
ۣùãڶǹûкøУϾǵǶǹùúѩŮ
һˣܾԴӴԽ֮˾ŷˣҪSSR޷ٻܰѴľ;Ū
ѽûϣ~һٻâ߳һӨݣùáȮڶߵѹӢס̲סԾ˫ţȴ¶˷ܵ״̬
ӦûʲôΣգֻƤ񣬻ʽʽȥٹϢֶˡ
ֻȷܲˢʱûзκһʽ
ǿԿʽġȥ˯ʱϵͳͻȻʾ
ѹƤҲȥٹᣬʽ񱣻ҵĻһô찡
Ҽ庡ʽľ庡ǵ̬޽ӽ࣬Ȼǻᱻ񿴳壬ǿ԰㿪ꡣ
˵ĺе˸ۣ֪庡ֻһطҲǸ곤ûϵûܸ㵽Ⱑ
ϵͳ˵ˣֻпԵĽѣôʵʩǻ˵顣
Өݳø񣬹ùûȮҲȥϢɣʱֻӨݡϣҪжµ񣬰Өݵˡ
ˣˣҪҰ𣿡ֻʣӨһʽʱŷѹӢؿ
ҲŶϵԼǸϴԣΪӨǹʽء
񰡣ǰɡӨݻ䣬һӫסƬ̣ϵ˿ȫʧˡ
˺޺ۼ˿ڴɵøпˬһؾˣԸʹҲֻһһʽء
磬˵ְȫȫ䣬Ǹ⡣
ɣҽ첻ϿΣУ߲ܶϤĻһȥҷнɡ
ڶһ磬֯׼㣬ͬһš
Ǿ鷳ĳ̶ֳ˵֯·еоС
ˣ뵽һҪ⣬ϵͳҵҪǮİ޷ģѵһҸ뿪Ǯܿʼ𣿡
ϵͳ̵пɹʵңжңɵԪ
Ԫܶ࣬ҲͲʮҰɡֹţҿûеġ֯ʱҲһ㣬ⷿס棬ڵ̾ˡ
ɣ㿪ʲôأ
ɡ
ۣϲʳˣɣԿŶҾȥһŵ꣬кüʦԼȦͺˡ
ϵͳĽ飬취㵽庡ĻԱܽʡö˹ءȰѵӸ˵ɣȻѧĸרҵûгԹԼ꣬붼Ҷ롪ѧѾ̫ʧˣԸʧܱ˳Ц
װ޹Ҫһ£ڼֵɡ꿪֮֯ԾѽԼϲģ͡
ܲ׵ģҲŲҪռˡʱһѹ֧֡˵ɣ˵ֻ͵ҪҪȥֻ
һЦ֯Ҫַ˵ԼǵֻҲŪˡȷʵҪֻϵͳݵܽɣ
ϵͳ̵пɹ򵱵֤һһš
ϵͳ֪۸ܱˣϾ֤һҲǵȶģϵͳֱ̼ҡ
ɱɽңǵĶ֣򵹿۽ҡ˵ϵͳ̼ңȻѩ̿ˣǼȱǮʱһӦòѶԸǸǮ
Ҳ֪ǲϵͳв磬˳ؾһ棬ǶԪԤ֮һ֤ʣµǮӦ졣
ɣҪ㻹סҼҰɣԼһס߲ǻҪװҹû취˯氡
ס޵أ֯͸ˣȻ̫ãҲûжǮֻٴγΪ䷿͡
֯ס˼죬֯⼸ƺæҲûͳ顣һ£黹Ǻټһ֣еֵò֣Ҳֻɱһֻ飬ҡ
ûһ׷һֻټʱп̩֯һŲ²⵽ڵ¶ǱʬߣһӦԭ곤ѵٲãǾҪʬˡ
°ͣǸ곤׽ĻᰡҪǱֳһʵһһʬ磬곤ƻ庡Ұɣ

ʮһ ʧ

û뵽ǣһ
[ɣҪȥһҪ£ڲܻտ
֯]
ȥѾˣҪô죿ᣬն飬ֻڵĵطдĹֿԴһڿУʮ²ܸһֻ顣
УҵøϽϣӳ֮ǰȥӶʽæҪҲûʲô˵ͦģȥˣֱȥԭܳզأ
ʵϣԭܡԡ
ʲôǮٹ֪֯ԭ̵ĴλãһӢ¾̬߽ȥʱԭѾ˵ˣ庡ԭֱӿ˼ۡ
ۣͯһǧԪһ庡һأܻʲôġԭСӵģٲǮҾ
ɥЦͰʣżã׬Ǯٸ塣
ѽѽɲаұϾģҪǿ˶һҾҪˡ
ʵɣ׼˵ʱԭֽ˵ҶȤоһ£ҿԿǽ㡣
ŵõ˼סţвԾ·㣬оʲôУ۶٣ֱ͸𣿡
ооǸŮĻԸۣиһ꣬ҿٿǶཱུһ㡣
̣ɴ۾ǽΪһоɴԼǮء
žҪȥʱϵͳͻȻ˵԰Өݸо˵Өݸвͬ庡ͿһǮ
ðɣϵͳΣתϵͳԭҪ
ԭɵؿܾеıŲռõıˣʹӨݽڣóε庡Өݶԡ
ñʽ庡ϵͳְὨ顣
ȣôó˵ѣΪʡǮҲƴˣһбʽеʱ䣬ҪǲĻҿñʽһ
ԭ۾һȷʵʽȤҲһ̺꣬һ֪ôġ
룬Ƕýպ֮ǰٻùúȮ񣬾Ͱٻ
ʽǻһ⣬庡庡仯ӽʽԭòģ
Өݲ̫ӦٴαһѹӢӶţԭߵסܵ
Ȯ͹ûҲϲ壬ǸԱ任ԼĽһҲߵ
ԭҡҡСӣҪظʽ棬Ǽ붯ֶš
ùúȮ̲סüձٻֻ˼û꣬ܵͣûжԭʲôá
ԭת˼ȦͣӨǰоʽУӨݵǿȻպõ庡ʱͬӨݵߡ
ӨһץѹӢһץ½ǣ־ضԭ
ԭ̧̧ñӣŴսӨݣоһѹӢǴɣƺһЩҲ֪ôʹõġ
ѽӨݼԭԽԽҪѹӢؽһʶѹӢӶһ£ݺԭͷϡ
ѹӢԭͷһ
ʹԭ˼ؿӨݣô󰡣ʹûʹôҲܷػ𣿡
ˮ·صϷǱݵͳεʱ
еƣǺϵԭʽԶԶģСҡҡǵϢϢذɣʱо㣬Ľ໹ֻܸۣңֻ˵һ㡣
ǺǡһӨ˵ǳɣǲˡ
õģʽǶ˳ӣ֣Ǻ벻壡
ԭһٴδս⼸嶼Ҫ庡ΪһˣⲻѧƸ¶ǵģҲҪܳʱͬȻҲᱻʬˡ
¿ɺãҵʽǳˣҲЩ庡˵ô찡֪ϵͳ˼ԭʽ庡ںһ𣬼ʹԭҲòȥ
ԭ̧֣СסֱñܵӰסɭֲӣеС£ΪʡǮҲòˣȻ֪ʲôʱܹǮ
鷳ءԭƺеԹԴӿûԹαһֻҪܻ취׬ģǷ˺ˣﻹкܶƷŶҪĻϣܻǰأ
ǣɵ˲Ż㡣˸ۣϻװǸӣ˵ѽǶԲ𰡣Ҳ֪ôҹǻˣٲɣݰ~
仰ŵĨһһˣʽҲں棬ûڲʹ޷УԺӨݻȮһ𣬶СŸ档
ԼԱøϽߴװ޹˾㿪ҵôȫǿ֮ܿǵ⡣
ǺǣҲ𣿡ԭ̵棬ԭӰͻȻЦܿҪҵġ

ʮ ߰Ŀ

һһ˴ߡΪǽʬʱʱᷢƫ졣ʬʮ죬ǻʱʵֻȥ˰졣
ǻ֮ǰҰѵӿɣʽֱ֣ӿҵˡ
ϵͳƵƷȫձǶӯûй涨ֻ࣬ר֣Ȼ취
µĵһ֯ҵм䣬߶ĲԶߵ࣬ǳҲһҪڱ
뿪ʽľͲأмԼ꣬ʵ̫ʧܣʹͥԣҲȥְֵĹ˾չ
ϵͳ͵ԲԼһɡ
ùã鷳ǱߵװμŲһ㡣
Ȯ鷳Ұ̨ںá
Өݣ鷳ϴһЩ;ߡ
еΡװѾ͵ذʽǸɻһп˳
쪣װμһϸֽƮùʶذγɡͱ˼ӡ
أȸ̨м䣬Ȯ񽹼֮£岻ᱻʵ˵ʹĽ裬һ̨ж˿顣
žӨݱһӣ֪ʲôԭȫһƬ
ۿһ죬ž͵ЩɶǮѾûǮ򷹳ˣһԼʽǶڰæȻ˵æǲ˵õĻ˺ǡ
ӣĻɢȥžۡ
ˣʽεվǰ֪ⲻܹǣԼûȫǽЩʰһ£Ǯµġ
⼸ǲӨݣЩ̨Ƭġ
Һûû꣬ȻⷿӶҪɢ뵽һ㣬ˣȻҲ뵽һЩ⡣
ӨݣڵĵȼɣΪʲôҸоһҼǵƤǸճʱ򣬻Զġ
ùڲûҳ⻰еɻ󣬡ҺȮǣ֮ǰɱʱ򣬵ȼҲ
ǣ֪鵽ʽĸҲߣ˵ǴǸSSRһĶӨҲ𣿡
ӨɬذѹӢڻҵĻӦǰɡ
԰ԣǹˣǿԼˣǿʲôˤʲôɣҹҲҪǵġ
ǰõûʹãʮģһʮһŶʮһʮڿԸӨá
ҸǰѵȼιȥԼ£ڱϾʹ庡עĻǻ˺ͨ˵ģﶼС£ҪǲҪ˵ˡ
ʽͺΣô˵ȻӦùúȮ񶼰ԼĽȥӨҲѹӢСԼ䣬ڷֹԼʶ
ӵһ𣬹оʮ顣Ҫʮңû취Ƕƽһ£Ȯ񡢹ùøʮӨʮ򡣿𣿡
˵ġʵǳ̫ãԼȮţһ˵ȼ֮ҪսΣǲӦЩ
ʱٸǰɡʽǸϷƺ̫һҲû̫⣬ϾϷģϵͳȴ֪ġٻʽ񣬾͸֪ˣǶܺã͹ˡ
û뵽ǣʽǰѵ֮⣬µ鷳ˡ
ڶ죬֯һصµȴԼĵ걻Ȧסˡ
ȵȣ壬סһˣϰ;У﷢ʲôˣΪʲôӱΧ˰
˭֪ĪĹ̫ˣ˵﷢ݣſһ鶼ȥˣⲻôȽˣ˲õա
ô찡뵽Լװ޺ء
ǣеɻʡ
棬춼װ޺ˣʹ㿪أ
Ŷ⸶ģϾ¹ʡ˼ңڰսʱӦûһ롣
̫ллˣ˵лȻæϵ
˵˵Ƚ᰸֮󣬾ȰĲ㿪š
˿ʧڿɿطΧڡ
ӽ첻ˣȥ԰߰ɡӨһֱ󣬵ֵǣûмע⵽ǡ
עǰȲˡ
໣һܿͱΧס
ιιǰɣ֮ǰҶҲôϸΧңǴʲôֵĶ𣿻ԽԽˣҲǵʲô¼һǶˣʱӦûз£ô飬һƬ𣿡
һţһﱧԹɲ뱻ΧϾ鵱ʵǿһʧֱ˵Ͳˡ
ӨǶͶսùúȮȺˣ󻹱ڰٹ֣ܿͲˣֻöһԸ顣
֮ǰõˡƣڼһڰѽΪǿԼĹ
Ҳаˣʽǲͣɱ飬ΧԽԽ࣬û취ٻµʽһʱ֮˿ս
ӴʦŮּˣ
ô·ʱ򣬼ִС̫ս֣һɨһƬһ
û취ģܾ¸ԭеϵǰòŵҪֳϹϵҪѪˡ                        
лҪ˵SSRпܳģʽ񲻿ԡ
Ǹϵͳ

ʮ һڵĿ

̫˽Щ飬Ұָ˿ûúøСлأ̫޵ָɵʽ磬˵յһĴڣ㶼ڸһ𣿡
ɵţ֪ʲô簡춼úõء
ȣԭһóǸ庡еġ
ԭҲ˵һǴƷ庡û⡣൱ƭ庡˶ĻںʲôƷƷġ
ûס˿ϵͳոյĿ֣Ŀǰϵͳڽһ򣬵ԭļԣЩǮ϶һˮ
ήȥԭ˴ǣǸ庡ѭϵͳеСϣ˵ûʲôӰ죬ΪǿԿԼҲû뵽ʽ񲻻ǿϧѾ庡ںء
ǣǺǣЦţôӦûвȴʩɣ
ǵȻˣԭžһСӣȻ΢΢ѿǰʱãŵ۾й¶飬ҿԸ㶨һߣƽʱռսʱһԷųʱը.һô
Ǯж⣬ⶼҪģϾڸԭ̸⡣
һڡ
٣ŵԼĶ䡣
һڰ㿴֮ǰ˵Ǹ庡һǧһǰɣһھʮ庡ԭȮ庡ȷԽˣտӶԷһأʮؿӻˡ
ѽѽѽԭƺо뷨ûпӴǸƷȷʵһǧ򣬵Ҫǧءһ㣬Ʒӵĵ൱ѵۺţˣ鲻̫ð
ԭ˵˵ֱɢõϢ
һ⣬Ȼ˵Ʒ庡֯סһϣʲô¶û
˵Ǹԭؽͣһ뿪֮ǰҴӦտߵһأԾϼõĽŶ
˳һ䣬µ̵⵽鹥ҲΪһЩء
ԶԣȷʵûǮûǮ
ûϵԭЦе˵ⲻҪһС̫ÿȥǣȻ㵱ٷ֮ʮġ
ٷ֮ʮɴ۾ŴձѵĶûôӰɣ
԰ϾҪһ㹺ԭ˵Ȼ˼Ƶġ
һֱԺСͻȻ廰곤տҪϢ𣿡
ԭСžһ´ģˣÿϢǰٷ֮ʮôķϣֻ͵ϢŶ
һڵİٷ֮ʮһǧǺһЦծ಻ѹˡ
Ǹأܲһֱ֯ɣ
իߵǰע⵽һֱŸիƿŵĲĶ¶ȫò
ǣȮԼ󱳣Ϊʽʱһֱһȸס
㻹ˡȻʺȮ񣬵ԭֱóĳƷҲ˵֮Ԥ˽һС
ӹȮţ״̬ȸĵط˼ȦϢˡ
ԭӰ񻹵üΪʦ磬ڵٴװ޺֮̿ʼƷ
ûôѧʽĵģɿӦͨԵġ˼Ҫʲô㣬ɿĵĻͲɿ̢ɣȻŪһЩˮζС⣬ļɵıͱܽϣӦҲܵŮǵĻӭ
Ʒ֣ϾĵֻԼӨֻܰæӡ
ĿȹһӦȫЩǵļҵˡſʮ⡢ˮԼÿ̫һʽҵ֮ǰҪϤ䡣
ͦõģӨݡûȮĸΧһϣҪԳԽгɹ
ۣ㣬¿ĵ𣿡ѧǷѧʱ䣬½һЩѧ·С꣬Ǳ׷׺شµꡣ
мŮ⿴˵ƣף磿ְֵ
ǰΪʲôҪ磿
ѧǵĻƵͷǵϲŹƵİûǴĻдǡġŮĵƺòãѵˣ
߳С꣬ȸع˿ǴкȻҲ̧ͷԼơ
ιϵͳҵĵôˣҼǵҶϵŮ簡ݷʲô
ϵͳ֧֧ģŸͣʦϵͳҷ񣬲ӦðҵӴô
ǺǡЦһûһˣһֵĹ


ʮ ⲻѧ

ѡĩҵ
ǰвѧ·ûзŹκһǱڿͻֻҪ˱µȤ̾ȥкȻߴʼӪҵ
õʱ֣ѧѧְԱ°󣬻һϢˡ
Ө̫δͨˣںæһ̨Ӧòײʲôġ
ɰûͻȻ˵
ڸɿ׺ΣùѵÿڣҲ̧ͷһ¡
ԣǲҪŶûôǮ´ٸɡһ̷Ů˴С߽˵ӳϿӦĸŮӴ̥ɣϼû
Сֻӣǻ̫Ǯ˼ֻ֪ԼԵ⣬費
ҪھҪԣҪǸݮĵ⣬Ҫĵ⣡
ҲҪҪƻɣ
ǡҾҪ㽶ıˡ
̷εضַӣԵŶ軹Ҫˣ˵Ļְ緹Ҫء
ЦҡҡͷϵĹûȻֻǿĻͲȥкˣ˼ҲΡ
ǡûͻȻعȡ⣬಻٣պСղŵҪƷ֡
ȵȡסùã֪Ҫôùýͣ˼ҲĻƷȡһǿĸоġ
̷ȻΣסȥӵĺǣ˵ǱǸǷǵýǽ첻򵰸⡣
ûϵĵҿԣҲûϵùðѵָǣɰһҪǺˡ
ɴ۾Ĳһù˵ûȷʵ˵ʽԣϾʽǵˣֱ˲̫ðɣ
ѾϿˣҲǣҲǣ͵˴Ȱؿźӣ곤ɵ㶵ؿǣ˲֪롣
ȤضβǶ෱ϢڼѧǺܶ࣬һȺСǿһĻԹûøУҲȥɣ¿ĵ˵ζء
¿ˣҲûչܹùôˣӭ٣õĵ⡢ĶҿԼѡŶ
𣡡

Ҹ
ӾڸһıѾСˡεվߵǰǵ곤ǱǸǲ£ЩǮ
ˣæ֣Ǯɲգ˹ùø飬Ҳ˹˿͸顣
λ˵ûȷʵѡѵ˵ġŷкܶСùÿĵĻ;ˡ
ǵıֺ٣սȺŮѡһƷȻһߵСǳҪһģȻŵ⵽ܡ
ʲôо֣ƯһһŮҧһɿɣȻҸĸ֪С
ɨǱһۣŵըˣŮ˵ûѾƯˣĽǶȿֱһƬ档
ˣô죬ȥҵĵɣô찡ɣش֣ɻӨݣֿʰ̵Ȯ񣬡ѵҪȥҼ̣ȥļ
Ȯʽ񣬵ȻҲܿ꣬ŵı֣ʶǲõ飬ϵĻǰ갴ȥͿˣ
ԶԶԣȥʶӦȻòˣôȥ
ȸȥԣȮǺʿģ⼸˿ͶŮýӴǣҺúõȥ˼һ£ᱻֵ˰ɡ
ȸɳһҲϵȴԿǸŮϰƮţһεʮֹ죬ԼȴãоԼһ磬綼ɵ⣬һЧ
һʳ𣿡ճյЦţһɿɣȻ۽ǹȮλãͨ˷˱仯˹һɳһֻֻɹ
ȵȣɹ
žȸŮһ
סһֻôһȮĺڿһĺѵƾȮ񣿡
˵̱һ㣬Ǻõģûҡˡ
屻ĻŮסֿȮ񣬸ոǸˣҲˣ񿴼ֻڷ
ιǸոûʲôֵ𣿡Ůߵѡ
ʲôֵ£ŮҲڳԵ⣬úóŶ֪ôݣǺҸĸо
ǣûǸеԱ˹𣿻һֱֻڻڶأ
ǿȮһۣʲô˵ˣǻῴһЩֵֹĶξȻҺ˼ûȻҪȥŶ˵񹷵ģ
ŮҲǵһκ˵˵ˣǰҲ˵ʲôǶϰż硣
ȳ΢ǿһءùжϣЩСӣͲˡ
ȸǶŮܺ棬ǶַɻߣʱʱһӣȻŮ;ֵؽһȸĲֺ
ŮѾˣǷСꡣͷ亹Һûʲô£Ĺ
ŮС꣬ͷһۣͿǸƣ磡һְֺɣɻţȸҲɳˣƷ裬дӭ״
ⲻѧ


ʮ ķʽ

⼸죬ѧиԣĳǹͨľݵ㣬ҵ㣬пܻῴһ档
ȺѧԼ̳Ѿв˷Լ
ҴССѧҲ٣ŵˣ˵û˶ܿõǴһȥˣֻҿˡ
˵ǲǹעص㣬С˵Լֲɣ
ҶԼˣ£һ۾ܻ޷˯
Ҳ˾һγ
ļٵģ˵Ҳ̫˰ɣԸѣôܿˣ
ǰҲûʲôֵĶҵĺóԣǿƼƻɣ̫ζˣ
ǲģԼȥԾˣ̳һг֯һ£볢ԵĵӱԼϢÿʮһȥÿζ˵µĻ˵ȷʵ֡
һȺ˿ֻͣܿЦӦԭΪϴŮ⣬û뵽ĸĵйأǿ˳˵⣬𵴣ȫϡ
Ϸɵʱ˶ǱģҲһ£ʹЩ꣬󶼻᷵Լ塣
ΪԷһֹ㡣һ˼ϣպڸһ꣬ǲĵˣ
ҲΪֹЩѧֻһԳԡ
Щͬ
鷳ΪʲôҪԭ°һһռһСӣ̫ȴѡԼԵ㡣
һݡָ̫ˮɺ͵⣬мɿ̢
ȮһۣͷſٴȡЩ㣬Ұæ͵һǱߵϡжʮѸ٣ܿӰˡ
Ҳһˡһ̫ˣɿ̢Сһ
أһ˲䵹¡
ʱպѧ߽˵ڵϣƷ˰ɣ
ۼˣһסúڵվȣӰģ㻹ǸأȻҲƲסԼꣿȥɣҿɲ뿴
һƵػصթʬһ˿û£׷˿ȷʵеһ԰ɡ
̫ʼڵߡЩԭҪġ
Ϊÿ춼˹աѡ⣬ȻҲǷӳ
Ϊ˵Щ겻ȵԭԭµߣһ̫ʵؿ졣
һոԼһѣʲôо𣿡߿󣬻Զ¼ֳ̫Ūõ֮󣬾ͺһ⣬Լǲҳˡ
оͦصģһαϣų֮ĸܣһоǺóԣȻ;Լһӿ˵ƽʱСӣǸոһ˲СǳˣܣѾָˡ
Ǿ˲Ŵ̫°ͣҲһҲ񣬲֪᲻һ
̫ƻڳȥȻʲôҲû
ûӦһ̫ǰλָ̽Ƿ
ҵҲǿˣȴû⡣̫Լ̲סһԼǺܶݵģֻܳһӰɡһ֮ͻصԭеˮƽ
ƺ˽ۡѧ߲û˭ϣǿ˱Ͼֻź뿪̫ҲߣҪ˼ĵ⡣
ҵô곤ԼԳԾ֪ˡ
ȥǿҪøװϾҶ˵˲˼ҿȥˣһѰء
̫һ뿪Լȴû°ࡣ⼯ϣÿζҪŵŹšǰ֯Ѿؼˣʽ񣬲ٵҽޣĿǰסԼ
ùǶֻ̻ʹ¿ƼģҲ˼ϵˡ
곤ԴӿʽٺԼˣùҲ͸˵Ľзʼ곤鷳㿾ʮƻ𣿴׶԰ĺǻ·ǻôСȴҪȥμӱݣһء
һ飬¹ùÿͳȥ㣬Ȼ˵ط֣ȥùõӶԶԶԱĹʡ
ôأȻѡԭ²ܰ
õģȻ׼õģƻɴҲҪһСʱء
֪ģ׶԰ʦǰϵˣڻûʼݣ·ҲһСʱ֮ˡ
û˵ˣùð¿ǵĿȫĿǰܱӯҪлЩѧǵ֧ء


ʮ  

ãùڴĺǵˣõƻɻţȮ񡢹ùѸٽƴһúǿΧһ
鷳ء׽ʦƺе㲻˼ҪǹùǿҪҲһȺԡ͡
ùÿźǣ¶ȰЦݡ
ǣʲô𣿿Ǻܿİɻʡһ˵ʱӦøԾŶԡ
ʦϵЦݽһ£һûʲôĺǣ̾˿
ʵεı׶԰μӵģȥ֮󣬲֪һûΪǻǲеģһ·ö˵Ǹ׶԰У˳˾ʦǶ
ĺܸлأǳ㣬˺ܶࡣϣǻؼҲҪΰɡ
ǸõϢֱص껹¡
곤ڼ״أùͻȻһ£˵ɣ
ȻᣬȷʵšҲ˯ţֵҲʲôûԥȥ˾š
ϵǣⲢûˡȷ˵ǿܻ֪ԼѾˡ
곤ڵ̫ˣŮ˵и˵͵ĸ׶԰ĺǣҺܻӭʹһءΪѲ࣬ǿһ˴ĵúȥǰϣǵȶһء
ùؿһ
Ϊյ۳ܿ죬ѾûֳɵĵˡĻԵһ°ɡ
ȺĿ˱뵽˵档ֻ̨ĵƹ⣬ΪӪҵ
ÿֿζĹ٣Ѹٵۣߣַа׶԰ͥΪǸģʹõɫ֮ܶ࣬⣬Ȿ͡Ҳкܶɫһ壬ڵƹԵúλá
ƯȺǸտʼıǴ͵ģɵȵڵǰʱǾżӵһߴߴΧŵۡ
׶԰ۣ̫
ǴźƤЬľҡ
ƯǸǳԵ𣿡
ùؿǣȻһһŮͷǵģ԰ɣǲǻг𣿡
ʦ͵һԴˣǻȥμӱݰΪʲô£ĻٳҲǿԵİ
߰ɡиڽӽѾЩ꣬ϾͻЩ˵ĻʦӳԵԸ޷ˡ
ǿŵⲻ֪ô֡ⲻֹ˴磬ָʮӿɲһ׵£ǴûԼֹ⣬ֻܸɿš
ùáȮ񣡡Ѿ˵ſڣϽʽһǰæ
Өݾ𵰸һףùᡣնĽ裡
ֻһգ۲Ĺ򣬵ͱֳɼ鼫΢̺ʹ䲢δأѹӢһƯţǺʦ档
ůûͬĵ⣬ʦرۣҲصĸ׻һ˯С
ʱƿĵţֳһĻȵŴ죬֪ô
ϾͲþˣΪЩ϶ʼ׹⣬ȻɢɾӨİ׵㡭
ƭ˵İɣҲԻǿ޷Ͽ壡ץץԼıըͷؿʽһۣѸ뿪󣬽»㱨˾ͥ
εùһ̼ôһξػһѵ顣Щ뿪ˣǵļأ
ùãĵˣܰæЩ͸Щˡ𣿡
ùÿЩƷɬһ£лл곤
ʹ֪Լܲÿһ٣ǻһЩ뿪ǰҸ
ùôһƷȥˣͻȻϵͳΪʲôƷôһأ
֪û趨ÿһͬǱʶԸϵͳܰһ
ʱæµзţ³ʱ򣬡硱ѾΪ˿һССꡣ
֯ΪƷļӵߣʵ˿ͣ⼸춼е㲻Ծʱ䣬²ȦҪʼˡ
Լܸ飬Լʹ֪֯棬Ҳֻѡ뿪
Ĳù𣿡ù۽֯ӰӦΪ˭ſڶãֻֻһ˸ûн
Σյģȥɡ֪飬ȥȦܴ֯Ȼ±ϵͳͷΪϵͳܿ۵ֻнңҪ֯ѡһӶ޷ɳ
ҹ֯뿪˿
лҪ˵ֻۣɽĸ£ĻǷšΪʱûʱ飬ȰдõķҪ޸ģҲµʱ

ʮ  ҵֱ

ҪصǨDD꣡һŻڵĴС꣬һ±Ƶע£ʼֱֳ
ȵȣǡ
壿˵˲طҿӢơ´ˣŮӴѵûпҵֱ𣿡
Ȼ֪ˣ֮ûӣȻûʶ¡Ҳû뵽ԼСΪֱֳ
ơȻûǰֱ֪ͨ£֮ǺòģԺ֮󣬾ԵؾϹʾҪˣΪ˱ֱ֤ʵԣҶǲκԤ͵ֳģҵ˿٣Ҿڹˡ
ÿҲֱ⡣Ͳ֪ȣơµֱӦͦģ룬ùùøµ˱裬һΡ
ơ¼Ĳ⣬ܿͿʼԾͷ˵ͣȹ۲һС꣬ӰʦϵذѾͷת򣬡ҿԿҵûʲôģȻװ޺ʣе㲻ء
˸ۣҪϵͳţôá硱ӹ档
õģ˽⻷֮ҾҪ¼ˡ
ơߣߣӣҵһλ£Ӱ¼ȹԱѸΧȥ
Ǹ곤鷳ܻӭ㣬лл
ûϸͳƻӭ̶һ㣬ÿֲƷԴжϳֻ΢룬Ȯæȡ͵ǰ
ŶԱơһֱעߣȮȡƷ٣һʱ侪Ϊˣɲʮٰ
Ȯߵǣºסλ壬ǵ𣿡
Ȯ񲢲ʵ˼
һûаǵ
ȮһͺܸɴطϣҲǵһǹʽ񣬶ˣڶȸͬ顣
ҿô죬ΪơӣɨһƷллҪˡ
Ȯû¾ͻصߣӨһֱضǱ߿ֻܺߣԴӲ˴к
ơһڳһɿ̢Ѿɿ̢ҵĴʵô̢֮Ҿܿһ硣
ָʹӰѾͷȵȮơ½˵ܶ˵λԱ࣬Ȯ֮ˣڴӦÿԴӾͷ￴λԱҲҪǷῴһ
Ȯ侫أλֱžͷ΢еôõġ
ơ̧ͷպøȮײϡ
֣ơµͱȽǿȮǴеĴͷӰȫʵȮģ
ʱùøȮúܽȫ¶ǰֻעȮ񣬼ʱޣԻû˷ֹùõ
֣ǻ֮ʲôıơùָȮ񡢹ùʽ񣬹ķ磬ӰӰӢ۽ɫһ£˵ȴǺܼᶨ
Ϊйѵظ߻ľơ²ûһֱӹһţһֹ۲Өݣȫ΢˵
ȸȮ񱳺ɳǣʱˬˣڼ³ѸٷɵơµǰݺһıȻó򲻶Ĵ
С񣿡ơƣһ㣬ȸǶ׷ᣬҲ˵
ơµһ䣬Ȼֱȸĵһȥ
ػȸһ˲䣬Ȯ۲ɼٶȳơµǰһ
ЭսȮĳ˹ùõıܡ
ʽĵȼͣȥƾҪˡ
Өݣʹ֮⡣ȻֹȮ͹ùüǸˡ
ǣһ̹𣬰ơ´ӱо˻
ȸص¶
ơ»õʧеĹùúȮָֻֻϸĻܿӰ
ҵȷʵһ㣬Ҹոճ֮󣬷Աֻ̫࣬ǿˣոܵ˼صػ곤ƺʲôҵԻָ
Ҫô˵˼ֱأ£Ҫ˵
ͻȻͷʹǣ˼ҪҪֱֹȥ
ơǸܾˣʹˡǿҲҪս
ոֵܵĪɼǲʲô֣Ϊ˴ҵİȫҾһҪΪ
ơǿһШDDũ򣡡Ż£ָǰһɫ乥ĿȮ͹ùڵĵط

ʮ  ĲҰ

ȻơµĹһʽ˵ǺԵơ
ùȮһۣ˶˹׼
ӨݣֱùùͣǲеģΪơǸܾˣҲԼʽվǱֻӨȥֹһҲơ¿ʽǵʵþס
ӨݵĵȼȹùúȮ񶼸ߣ˹ٶȵһ֮⣬ǣÿαԶָһ֣Ҳʹ
ʽ뷨ԶʱܿΪӨݵٶȣùúȮ񶼷˹ǵĳֶܱ۹۲쵽
ɡֹùúȮʹôУǾչơΪҲվǱߣ˳ذѻͲݸ곤ŮӴǽŷԼĵԱ𣿡
¶һ𡱵ı飬ҵĵԱ֣ͱȺǴˡ
Ϊ֯ȥȦЩ˺ܶ񣬾ǸԭҲաѡˣɼʮֽš
ơΪʶһҲ֪һЩ顣˵еС꿪һô񶼻ᾭûܻŹΣյ֡
ǡֱֻˣơеΪѣθ鷳ˣԵĻܸ
ơ»δ˵꣬ԼһŹùúȮȺ˴С
Ϊרĸ˵ûעʽǣȷֲʱѾûֹˡ
ӨǶ˵ͣôڴԼܻѪҺȮУôãһ֮ⶼûзųѵҪ𣿡
ùѾ˻Өݵȼߣ껹ӵĹͱ˺ܸߣûãѪͽ˰ȫ£Өݻ֣ͣùֻܷŴˡ
ϵͳ壬ֹùúȮȻֻʣѪƤˣӨݵѪģʹùáȮ˼УҲûӨݵѪ֮¡
Өݣ𹥻ˣʹ֮⡣
ûˣûֱʱӨǾʹ֮ģҪܸԼѪչ
ǣ곤Ȼô˵ˣӨҲͺһ㣬ȻҪʹ֮⡣
곤ˡӨקѹӢ֪ؿ
ڻʮʮ֮䣬ʼʮ󱻷ڰٹ֣ܰæոչùúȮʹüִУֻʣһˡ
ؼǹùǶ庡뿪磬ȻǶ޷Žٹ
ͷʹؿ۹ùúȮϾSRʽ񣬱RʽӨѹƱͺܱˣֱŪֻʣѪƤĸʽҲ̲ˡ
ǸùáȮ΢һ£ʮӣǻҾṩӨˡ
ʽ񰲸סǸؿơ£ԲǵҪ׼ˣܲܡ
Ϳˡ
ơСñӣղ̫ãʹԺʱá
໣ơ߳ŵʱһֻ˺գԵķߡ
ȥǰɣŻպڶֱֱ̤
ӨݿһۿյԾǰΪ˷ǡ
һеѹӢþ޴Ȼֱֻȥ
Өһû𣿡ʽҲ޵ģӨݸոջڸùǴ򶷣ҪԾ޴Ļʹ֪ǿҲܵǡ
ξ޴ӨݹѹӢû취񵶾һпʲôƺԡҡжӣһ£ѹӢݺڻϡ
еĽżɷĩĶʱͣǰȥҪµķλ
һϹû취ѸٵɻȥĻѹһƬǶѡ
Өݣȥ
󺰣ӨûԥѸƵ£ǽСȻϿһףжʱ޴ĺһ
ùúȮսһǲˣֻҲǵһ֪ӨݵȻô
ǻģΪ˱һ㣬Өʹ˳̵ľѹӢԻΣʱϸߵգȻűɴСС顣
ͷһ֮⣬ȫʧ
Өݿһ©ģٶȣҲûϹȥ룬ۼѹӢͷȻһҳȥ
¡һ죬ʧڴҰУӨݵûɢȥֱߵĴء
ˣҿӵտĵطȥͨ˿壬ֻΪǵˣһѸ

ʮ  ֵ

ǵֳֻ֮ʣһƬǽˡ
ҾһԼҪôӳʨɻ㱨
ǸѲһƬģֻʱڵӶһᣬ˶ҨDDʨ֪֮󣬻ըëɣ
û鿴ؿԼСDDѾǷˣΪʲôڶαٵˣ
Өߵߣꡢ곤𣿡
㣬ҵĴ۾ûҪӨݺ͹ùսԼõҲֻӨһʽˡոȮùö֣ġ
ҵڻָһˣϽһ°ɣȻһֱͦΣյġ
ӨظùúȮѪʽҲеھΣοǣûϵǿ¿ʼͣ
¿ʼʱĸ
ɣΪ汻٣ֻܽԭ̵ÿ춼ҪԭǸ̵ⲻԭִ֪ʲôˡ
ôˣ
Ҫһ£԰æ𣿡ԭ˵ʱıеࡣ
ɲͬҪ󣬾鱾ֲbad endҲκͽȥ˵Ӱˡ
Ǹ漰֮սĻҲܲ롣
ԭûԭ򣬡ǣڿʱذһ𣿡
ϵͳҪȾ棬Ҫ˺࣬ҿʽ𣿡
ֻ˳ֵĻɡֻܾˣսۿսҡ
ûнҴ粽а̵ЩãȥҲҪҹʲôѾýҶһֽˣԺء
ԭ첻ش𣬶еʧԸæĻҸһծΣ
ͷҸոֻ飬æûծҲỹġ
뿪ʱӨʹõ庡黹ԭ׬ǮҲܴߣ綼ˣǶһֱչĸл
Ҫԭڻ鷳ˣһһͥɡ
ԭСҪһ²ؽڴҶΪȻֺɵģԲƲʧõˡ
Ҫȵ¸¿ʼ֪ʲôʱ񡣡
̾Ҫǳ⣬ơµֱ֮ܲ䵽ܴȶȡ
ΪʲôҪҵļأ뻹Ǿÿϧ
汻֮ԭǸıֳͿֱĹڵļ䣬û˼ǵⳡֱΪλûֱص㣬˵
ٴܿʱѾȾ֮ˡ֮ǰҲһЩϹ˿ͣʹڹտҵ⼸Ȼӯ
쳢һֵɡ֮ǰһֱû̫鷳㣬ʵֿƷԸԼҲãȻûרõĵߣƽ׹Ҳܷ㡣
лûҵȥ˷ѧѧϰƷԼȡѡѧϰһֱŬ֣ܿѧУո¶ͷǣССıҲõ˲ٽ
ʦǶϣУְ֪㹫˾߸ɴ࿪һԼС꣬ǰѡֲԼ꣬Ȼعլ˰ࡣ
ʵͨο꣬ŷ鲢ûôѣֻҪŬȥʹе𣬿ڱȥ֮ҲῪʼӯġȻˣøݸϲĿζҲһҪ¡
Ȼ̫ϲձöǰѶ˵ձĵóԣһصʵ֮ȥձѧϰһ꣬Ȼڼ翪԰ɡţϲԾ¶ЦݣϾٶȸˡ
ֵⱻ֮Ϊ鷳۴󷽣ڵеġ塱ձˣ۸Ȼơ
һʱҲûԵп˱ʾʱе㲻֡
ֵֹһ򸾡˰׷ԲԡƣȻǣжһֱ΢ЦţóǸܺõϷޡ
СֵĲֹʮˣôƯǷ𣿺þûԹˡ
ֵһгһƬƬȻװõһֳܷߡƬܺõļ۸񡣲ԼʽԣֵгһڴСȻ΢Ĩ裬ʮʺϵ衣
ϸƺ뷨еʧɻǲԸҼͷʱǸʦҲǺģֵľֵ⣬ӪԼСʱԶҪǡ
ϸߵүүֱ⣬㻹ңÿ춼Եһ𡣡
ͻȻһڹպþһ㵰⣬ɴ͹ػѵõһߴȻȴţλʲô¡
ǼҰҵ߷⣬ʧȥӣҲʧȥû취ټҲûȻһȥȥҩ·һϹ˿ͣ˵ĵ⣬ÿܲʵѹʱͻһֵ⣬ָܻ֪
үү۾ոûע⣬ŷû취ġ飬λ˹Ҳװ
ǲͬǣϸЦȥ۽ǵˮ֮ʵһֱΪʱǮ˵Ͷʣÿ»һ룬ֻû취óĵˣһһֱѽܵ顣
ںٻֵֹģСͦãҼͷӾζһɣ˵ϼһﻹܸ㽨顣
ϸ̸Ѿѵкˣ˼˵ô࣬ҲʲôӲĳˣֱȮȡһɾӣһƬ⣬ݸλϸ                        
лҪ˵½дˣʱȷô

ڶʮ  Ŀ

ǾΥ˵ζѽүү̾һڵ⣬ȸոպãҲλʦʼѧˣ
ʱոʽǷַõ⣬ȥһĨأүүʻҲһ㶡С㣬ҲüĿЩ桢ƬʲôģϿʼ㣬Ӧûǵ֮ˡ
ţ˰ɡ
Ŷءҵֵͻꡣүү˵⻰ǫˣѵЩʱĥɣƷƷµģΪ־ʱܳΪȫձĸʦҪ⣬ӦǹĴʦˡ
Ȼ۾үүԵʱȴֵĺҸͺֻصԼʱһ֣֣ҾϲŵãѡҪµĸ㣬޷ԼֺҲʵήҲң֧ŵڣûмˣǣһÿһ죬ֵһʱʸСĺء
ϸЦۣսүү֣þû˵ô໰ˣ濪İҪһֱҸػһء
ǵȻˣүүӣһ
СһĲϺ͹ߣԼһµ⣬𣿡
ǣ㲻ǡүү޷۾еԥ
ȻˣΪҿԻҪҵӰæء
ǺðɡͽۡʲôĶȡһذһ𣬷ԷȡãԼҲڸţԷʲô⡣
Է޺ĬƺڼҲϹ㣬үүʱĶʮ죬ŻѧһЩСɡֻƽ׹ʱҪ۾Ҳ֪λүүʱô
ӨݿүүǺͷۣҲеĲ²ۣξͱλˣϴѵͽۺͳ˸ߵţҪùùúȮæгһСӣձȻ۶˷ˡ
뵽ӨݵҪԼľͺˣ¿϶ûбҸQˡ
һػ𣡡ϸæƽ׹Ļ˵ػүү߾ѾʼˡǿĵƬĸԼǸ¹ŪƽϾҪס
ΪүүǣŷŵһߵģѸٽȻ̲סûоãоʵʵ֮¶˼ֵֿЦݣһ
پһƬɡһγɹˣүүӸߵѶȣֵǾĲԽࡢԽƽͻԽ׷
Ƕ꼼ɵĵڣкļӳ֣үүɹΣһĵ
ϸӹľоơΡΡгƬϣǺû͸ʱһ
𣿡үүЦ죬һҳ
ϸһƬС鵰⣬һԼһɷڼ˶¶Ҹе΢Ц
̲סһڿˮүү㡢
ϷһڡһڵسһƬֵ⣬ϸ̲סˮץɷ֡үүƺӦʲô΢Ц̧ͷǿնۿƺԴӡ
ԣʾ˸лǣ뿪ˣֻûߵǼƬ⡣
ף̲סȡһ㳢⵰⼸ûʲôζոүүûзǡÿϧ涼ֻҪһǣζҲˡ
ո˵ЦݣĵͻȻ˵㣬ζϵֱӸܣλƷģӦ໥ϵİζɡţͻȻ͵⣬ڿһصĿơ
ǡƣæ׷ȥֻǶԷ޵ӰҲɢȥⶼĽֵӳĵüů
ǡսеĿƣսĿƣȴž޴ȥķܹǰԸҪҲôమˣǸöҸ
鸴ӵڿǩԼ֣ƾͻһ
ϵͳΥط֪ͨϲߡƣϵͳٻʹáκ塢ǩԼԺȥĸ磬ʹáٻԼߡ
ļԾκָһصҲ𣿡
Եģֻ֮ٻһΣԼ߲Ӧ𡢲ԸٻٻʧЧˡȥҲһԼ߿ԾܾٻǾһʱĻ壬Գٴٻ                        
лҪ˵ˣдһƪдʱ仹ĻͰ֮ǰǷµһ²

ڶʮһ  ־

õˡ֮ĵһӦȻٻ
ڷʱΪûκѣԾüįʱʼΪһʱ̣ÿɷصѧϰ֮˯ǰῴһȲռ̫ʱ䣬ܷɾһСȤ
ʦȽӴĶ֮һ
ƴСͱػţֻҪѣͻִһˡ趨ɺܴжģǿʼԼҲһʽ񣬿һֻԼ
ȻǱ˼ҵʽ񰡡ҡҡͷѹ뷨
ƾûһʱصĵסʱ䣬ԼѾˣ취ʹϲ˵ʱ䣬Ҳ뾡ϻȥ
¿ʱˡ硱ƣ촫˵¿ʼֲͣʲôȫ֪ƺš
ҪǸֱȮ͹ùæµд˿̲ͣסǰֱҪǸ˳Ļڵٻᷭɡ
˵ܲٲܲپ͵
Ӵ곤ŮӴ~ãơɽ¡صǳȸֳĹ˿ԼһһкȻ˵⣬Ϳʼעˣݺܶ˵Ķ˾ܿ顣
ЦЦΪԭ˸ı˼䣬Թ²֪Ѿֱˣڳ֣ܾй֮Ρ
ͬϸ£εвٹ˿ͣ¹Ҳǹ˼ɵ㣬ȸ£ȷӰ֮ſʼ򿪾ͷֱ
ǣãȻˣҺڰֱҪǡ硯꣬Ϊ곤ŮҪ⣬ֻʱˡ޷ۿֱҲļϰ˵ز
ͬϴһơµ鵰⣬Ȼ˸λ£һ߳ţһ߶Ծͷ˵ȵһ¶ǣҪתͷȻ
곤ơ½ŲסùúȮ񣬡֣
ˡ̫ѨѵλҪùùһʽǵѺùϵܲ
ŶԲʱһȺȳĽˡ
ӴǮ̫̤߽С껹ԭϲ
ԭϻǰСӣһ·һ·ҡ·ơǰʱü촽΢ҪҰæ𣿡
ԭĴ񿴾һʹصͷ
ԭͳһֵͲһ⣬Ȼ򿪿Լȴ鵰⣬Ѹٳ뵽Сȥˡ
ãıԭʱܳȥеĶȴŵһԿհף㵸
ùúȮһۣһ˵ӨҲ̨ҪǸ׵ġֵͲ
ʽû뵽ǣǻᴫġ
ơվھͷԱߣô֣ȴֻܿԼĵԱĸһ鴤
˿ΪǵĻЦóֻʼֳ㡣кµСᣬֱӵ㿪ֻһ׵
֪ôΣͻȻһ飬ܻļ־
Ŷ~ˣڵԭһ߳ŵ⣬һ߹ۿıݣҰæءһϾĿ˰ɡ
ϵͳıֻȻʼż־ԭȷֵǸصԼֻĿɿڴؿԱǿʼн赸
ùáӨݡĲӣȮΪһ⺺ӣм䣬һܶԪ赸ôôϲ졣ؼ赸ֶħԣ˿Ƕ̲סŶơ´ĹԱҲ˹ⳡص赸ʢС
ȵȣôͨԣ᲻ǸְơԼľղŽ˺һһĵԱкĻӦʹ˰ɣ
εơ¾Ⱦ֣Զ֪ĸ࣬ҲԽͳ嶯ˣԲûͻȻʽǡ
̫С꣬ˣ赸ǽȻȥɡ֪϶ԭҪء
̫СһȥǸû뵽ǣһӴ̾͸ʽһˣҲʼ־
ԭһԴҼǵֻʹòӰˣһԼȳɡŵ֮󣬲Թһζ˵ֱɣ
ֱͣ˲һ̱ϡ
ԭŹԹ԰ӯһ㣬ӽ쿪ʼͱˣ֪Լߺʽʹõ庡黹ԭĻȷʵֻ庡һʱ䡣
ΪԼƵֱˣϽõտزʱ˵ˣʽǾȻƵԳԭ͡
лҪ˵Ūô
ڰ֮ǰǷµ²ˣ

ڶʮ  

û뵽ķʽˡ
쿴ǸꡣһȺΧڡ硱棬ʽָָ㣬ΪСꡢ̫ûܵעֻĸˡ
شӿóӣȻװûһԹԵؿʼװε⡣
ʼ˽档
곤Ǿѧ赸ģ֮ǰԱֱ￴赸÷ǳиȾʹ赸𣿡
ݣһ飬֮ϲĻ⿩
½½кܶ˹㡢Ҫѧ赸ӨݸԼѾʮˣǱЩŪͷ󺹡
ơµֱڱĸ࣬硱֪˲صĹ˿ԽԽ࣬ͳһ㣬ѾﵽϵͳҪ󣬵ǵʱиǰᣬǾҪȫ֪ģԼС
òװʱ䣬ѸʰʰѵϢ
һ֪㣬涼ҪڲءԭҪǵ㡣
С֪ȺץʱƳĻⲨȳȥֻ˵ܺóԣȴ˵ǿƼһ
һԭϷ֮ǰǸүүֵúãҪ̶ֳȵĻҲꡭңҪù˿ͽƷĻƷҪ˺óԣҲ״С
ƷʲôСʳһ˵ѡһζĵ⡢ɻ߱㣬ζǵǮĵܶࡣƷļ۸϶̫񣬳ʮּ׵Ĳߵ⡪ʵԽ׵ĶԽߵա
ǰ۶ӰˣϵĵƹҲϷɢʵĹԣ⣬ͻȻǶϷ򸾡
˵Ʒ鵽ҸеʳʵУ˾ҸСܰǽ𣿡
뵽ӣóֽʣʼ趨ΡԼʹõĲϡ
ձˮƽƷ۶ԪĻһͥӵǮԸ۸ζ򵽵Ķ̫󣬿ҲһȥʽС⣬ɵŲųǣ׿Խ⡣
ѡȽϺֵɫ졢ơ̡ϣɫһ뵽ңɫӽɫȽлɫɫܰɫƫءɫСɣÿɫһֿζҴŲͬĸ飬ʺϲͬ顣
ǽƷƳͻһܶʱ䣬ڼⲢûмΪ־Լ˿Ͷԡ硱ζĺСʱԵúӵ
ΪæµòʽƷ̣˵ӨִȮ͹ùɿ飬硱Щ֮һֵĵԱҲ˷˿СϼӻȷֻҪɹƳܺ̾
룬е᲻ˡԭѾһżͬ·֯ȻϲһСʱ΢˵һЩԼĸ⣻һóңÿܶعһΣҲзյģ˵༶кӸ˱ء
ܵҪ߰ñûõƷΣƷϱΪ֡һΪĳ־йأڶҲΪʺܺãôãǵĽ࣬ȴԼһԸȻоͦģÿοǳƷʱ¶ЦݣͬһᵽһױȵҸСžߵļְɡ
ΪԼܿ񣬽Ϊġ֡˽²ŽƷչʾ
ŶһЩ;ؿ۵ĶװޣǽˢȥĻ֣ʲôƷƷ
ǵģҪ𣿽ſʼġ֡ϵСѾԺӦ˿ˣ֮ǰùùд곤Լ˵˺øС
ۣƯһȺΧ߶ָŵġ֡
ԪһһһǧԪ۸񰡣Ѿָۼۣ۸Ʒ˵Ǻܵˣңһ״ҲʮԪ
ͷԣĶһףѧҪʡǮһϲһƷҪĲ׼˺ܶ࣬Ҳܿ죬ܹӦϴĳ
֮ǰѾȡˡϴȥԭԭΪСôߵϿҵǸΪָһַĩɫζƷƷһƷһʹϡ
ڹ˿Ϳ԰ѶߣȻ治֪ôԽԽĿˡ
ŶһƷĿ˾һȵϰ
ȳԵǺɫġȡȻûеŮڼǵĸȵģһƷģΪͻȸУ¡һһɡ
ɫǡ΢һĿڸУƷǳµģһرһֳ˵ʻ
ɫǡѿҽԺ׶Ŀʼܴܶ໶֣ʼǺܴģƷĿζܵΪһЩֲգԼһ㱡ɷۣƷڵĸоǺܰģʹĨ򿧷Ҳ塣
ɫǡǶϷһһ̫ˣʹ˵ź۵ĻǵıҲûкܼǵرֳǵҸƷصõĺ֪Ϊʲôȥеĳ嶯ء
ɫǡءĿζǶģҲͬ˵ĸҲ᲻ͬͬʱ䡢ͬ״̬ƷĿζһЩ죬ǰԶ֪ʲôϲһֵּȤȻҲܺóԣǻûȫͷųԼʱܻӭĩλ
ƷƳôɹԼϷ仰ˡ֡ͼ
̿ʼֻҪһƷ֡ôʽԲˡ

ڶʮ  һ

ϲ񣡡
סеĻרϵͳĻ
Ϊʮţʮ飬ʮ飬ʮ飻ǿţǣǣһǣʮв鿴ܿʮţڸʽܣٻʮһš
ȫϵͳУȡɣ̽飬ҹʦ硣
˺þõĻعڽǰͻȻеˣ˰֮࣬ǰ˸ջв£ڻȥܸպø󲻾á
ϵͳô뿪ô죿
뿪˾ͻ㣬Բõġ
ϣ̾һ𡭡ȻҿɲԸ͵ʹǲǵˣҲϣǻܼǵҵζ
ϵͳԥһͬ⣬޶ֻͳʮС⡣ʹǡ֡ôС㣬ͬҲһΪλ
ԭ̵ȥһҼ֯ոպá֯ĸһҷһҲ˽ģһġȡ֯һƷ˵аɡ
ټˣ񣡡
ϵͳʽռݵ庡룬Ȼ黹ԭĲֿͬʱסֱ֡͵ԭ̵һңдĳĳĳѷϡ
ߵʱҹͻȻһ˲âһϢʧˡ
ԭ²豭𿪡֡һۣ֪ȥԳԺˡѾ뿪ء˵ţիһʩʱͣ͵ĹΪʩʳƷԹЧܳʱ䡣
곤ʲô𣿡իæ𡰼֡ôҲǸͨƷ̲סһ䡣
ѽһȥҴҵ˸ļƷء
һ硣еֶȻߵ⣬̧ͷŹɽǱĳ̾ˡ
ùùñԼΪùûɣûһθ߿ҵءŻصʦ磬ʽ񶼷ųϾҶڰٹֺþˡ
ϵͳΪÿֻѡʽ棬սʱֻܷųʽΪطٻ
Ե𣿡˸ۡӰ첻󣬱ʽǾͺǿҪϵͳƵĻͻһ֧ˡʽҪ⣬Ȥζء
뵽˺ǿʽӨݺȮ񶼻ذٹϢȻùùôԼɵ棬ܿլ֮󣬲Ƥ滻˹ùá
ƤƤþòƤһͻԾرıһתȦȦһߴ͹ԼĴڸС
ڿɰߵʽƣԺȥҲءƤͷƤСӦһʾûвϲڰٹ棬ֻΪʱ̫ˣԺŷŷ硣
ʦȽڣûʱ򣬾ֻųɡ˵ѾʮٻˣȼˣȻףʽˣϵͳٻSSR˰ɣ
ƤСŵǰѾˣ֪Ϣûŵԥûܿȥ
ȥӭɣһ˯úԲŻῴعѾݺòˡ
֨ѽһ򿪣ߴӰʱǰ
뵽Լ֮ǰǩԼԼص磬濴ɵصͷСþòһˡ
Цʹʱּǰһ䵭صͷǴкȻͲȥֱȥǰɣڵ㡣˵գţȥΡ
˵ķ䣬ѾûˣҲԣһʱѾˣϢϰߣӦ˯ˡȥɣ
ʦĵڶһһƿķţǿӣ񿴵һӳĹâ¶ɵЦݣźе㺦ߣе԰Լڵʵ־òʣֻܾƤС䡣
ӭһȲ裬Ǳ鲢ûбֳһ졣
εֹסЦСĵؿ̫䣬Ҳûǰ飬ʱձ㣬֪Ҫô˵ˡ
ƤƤ
ֶ߳Ƥ𱧳һšþûˣһ֪˵ЩʲôҲ
ҺڻءεգҸһԼˣ¸Ҫȥһ˳ƹͻȻֶ˲ӹе㵣İȫǶӳʱˣǼȻˣԽ㱣һʱء뿪ôãʵ˺ܴɣ
ܿ͸һһ
ƹԼᵽؼʡҪûǴĻƹӦþǺĵط
֪¶Ժ˺ж˽һΣϵͳû˵ʲô͵ϵͳֹԭˡ
Ҫһȥ

ڶʮ  񷢲

䣬ϵͳͻȻʾ
ʦ񡤶ھİ֤İȫʧгͷᱻֹԽĸ̱ͻԭ磬ʱļ䡣
߬ȭͷĵҧҧ´
˵Ļ顣
ǰһ͸߰ɡ
ԳΣض˵Уȥĵط̫ԶˣҲġ
Ҵȥͽˡ
ûĵӦͻȻת˵뿪ǰܹ㣬ˣ͸˵˵ɡ
ǡڲ˯Ҫȥɡ
һ£ż˵ǰʱΪû׼Ѳˡ
סеĲ豭ϣŵƤֶһ¡
û˵ʲôֱʩչʼͨӱߵˡΪҪý
ˮ乹һϴľӣ˵꣬˵ˮн
˵ôôأԭɻôģҪֻˮΪǺúõġӭмӣ϶Ǻӽʽչ˰ɣλһʱĻ԰Ҷտһ𣿡
áʶӦ°ȻžеˣͻȻйһԲһˡҪûһµĻ˵
𣬡֣ƺӵʱͬ磬ʹҲഥԣ˲ˡҾͦõģȥη壬żܻصǡ͵ҲԶ˰Ͷ̥أϾܶһ˹µػš
ô˵ǾúܣôŬȫĸ˽Ϊһ˹µˡ
˵һỰʵ֧ŲסˣŴϡ
ξ˵ɡеˮ̫еվȵһʧˡ
ʹֵĲ̫⣬ʼʱ̬ȲǰҲ¶ʵֵʵΪˣӶôǸճõļһֱиչˡ
ʹ۾Ҳûٸ˵ʲôˣֱ˵ԼϢ뿪ˡ
ķ仹ԭǼ䣬涫ûڹ֮ǰͻȻһ䡣еʶԼ̬ȲôãԼҲһֺܵ״̬Уȫû취ǰ㵽˵ѣػġ
ӣԶǰȰ˾䣬ȴͨ˺öˣٻܾҲҪúϢɣ˵ػӦˣϣӳƻָܻ֮ǰǸӣȻȥƽͼܵǼ
ЦõԼоȷʵǰӲˣǣԭǰݵô
˹ţͻȻҲеˡҲǼѹ˺ܶࡣĸֶ΢е㰲οֶˣҲûһ˹¹µĶȹֻӱߣʱ䶼һĥˡ
ΪʦߵѷҪڵʱΪػҪ׼ʮңʮÿȥ˵ĺӡƽеӡ󣬿ƤǻϲôͿʼҪѧϰ󲿷ʱֻ㻹ļ
СӼ춼˯չ˼ʽᣬĻڼ˵Ҳ͸ĸûʲôˣˮƽһ㣬ڻСܱʽչţˣ͵Խ̵ء
λûһӡֻ֪ﳣֵǼλʮ񽫣Ҳ֪ϰߡϲʲôģûйĹϵҲһ㣬ÿζˣҲûʲôìܡ
ļڸǱе죬ʱǱ߻ǶʦѾǴˡ
ԼõիǸůӣصĸŻΪѡ
իҵĴţţҪˣŮôôī
εҡҡͷߵ𣬡ô͸һ뿪ˣҪͺء
ʱҲûܾԼȥĻȫ޷
֪ʲô£ΪֻʦĶûпԭС˵ֻ֪ڳƹĵγɱˣȴ巢ʲô
뵽ӵؿһի˻ʲôŻᷢ裿ǵӦȳ⣬ȻűǸǸ˾ƣɱի
ȥĻûǿĺĸʽ񱻿ƣܸɵӦɣţ÷˵㣬¶Цͱǡ

ڶʮ  ٴٻ

׻뿪ϤķʱһƣƵֹѽˣиܺʹǿʽǺðȥԶĵطܺܿ쵽
ȻҲйùÿԴɣǹùõķǿҪĴԶУƳҪɶˡ
ܷɸߵ㿴ûʲô쳣𣿡Ϊ뿪ûͱ׳ˡ
߾Գˣ΢΢ͷ˵ӺſС׵ġ
ڿɲͷֱ۾úüͷεطɵ߿УѲһȦ
İɡŸߣ̾ͳʲôӵġһ仰žˡ
æֳһº߷ĴӣȻᣬҪٻʽܲܰһ£
ֺȫ޷ܾ˵İ֮еˡ
һеĴӳﶼһ㺮ˣ㡣
~ϷͦģЦۣ˵˵ÿ˶һƮʲô𣿻ΪⶫǶѽ㻹˵һΥ͸жûУ΢еԺˡ
ԼıɢŲϢǸԺڡ֮󣬸ڳú̿һˡ
ȿȣȥҷɣ֪ӦʿɶֹˣȥؾЩֵֹˣ˵΢˵㣬鰡
һԭ͵ش˸硣
Ļȷʵ˲١ϵǣȻӦһ仰
Ǵͷǰߣһϯ¡Žȷʵ׼£ְѷŹϣԼпűߣôٻʽġ
Ϊϵͳƣսʱ̣ͬʱֻЯʽΪ˲ʽһͱתƵٹȥƤֶСӣȥٹϢ
ƤƤƤ΢ЦԲצӸ˸ġֶҲЧűһġʽֿףϣܵóԸ
ллǣȥɣϵͳȡƱξٻʽʲôҲҪܶԴΪ˱֤սʽҲԼѡѵء
΢רעһ㡣֮ǰͷһ㡪ٻƺеơ
ʮ񽫲ʱҲǶֻٻʱٳ֮ǰкܶʽλȴֻһȥϢ֮󣬾ҲоκʽϢˣ͸Ҳȥһһ
ˢˢˢǴִֹ֣šףҺˣŷȻһٻôϵͳǹˮ滭˸ģ߶š漣ŰС
һĿķɫâ˸ţ΢΢ϵ۾ע۲Ķ
Ǵ飬ֻҪһ˲
ŵĻ˫ðֳԵСģݺԼƣȷⲻΡ
ѵʹתŷû뵽ٻľңλᾡģ
ٻĹâɢȥľͯŤһԼĲӣȴȻ߰ɨһȦʱĿסˬ̧ͷЦһ˵Ǵ֣Ȼģѵķ񣡾ͯӿɱǿˣͷĳɫҲʤ㡣ѧ㻹ʡʡ˼Լɣ
ȵȣе㲻԰
͵ؿһ۴ľͯӣֿʮֲˬĺ΢е㲻֪룬ֻȥϵͳϵͳ֮ǰʽһͺľôôǷᰡҪһֱôڵĻ˵ˣԴдЧͲˡ
ԽǿʽԽSRʽǡ֮Ҳǿҵĸ־㲻˵ǵĻǿܲᰴ˵ȥSSRʽλʵߣԼʹ㼶һҲ᲻ģ취ǵϿɡ
ܾϵͳ˵ĺܾ߳ԣ̲סظһ
СŮˣ˵˭ľͯӶأͲ뱻ٻٻƺʵɣеըëˡȻˣǸ֣һ˵ôϻֱӾ͸һȭʾ
ȿȣһɲûشܲ˵ָɣֻתһ´ľע
ٻľͯӡһ˵ϣԺΪЧҲġ
ûгеǿмܿľͯӾͲͷشүŲΪЧأӦиʽϢذɣҽȥˣҾָܻɣȻȥˡ
ɫеڣ뵽ҪSSRǴľԵĻûʲôġѱǡ
ѵ˴ľһԡ
ǸҰѾͯҲٻĻ𣿡
ľ۾һȻǿѹ̲ס˵ǿǿɡѽ˵
һٴδʣµٻóһš

ڶʮ  ŷѪͳ

û㶮Ľгʽ񣬲ȷһ㣺ʹ֮ٻµʽҲ׾ٵػǵϿɡƣһпŻ˿
ľͯȻSSRǸ㼶ʽԼʹԺ˺ݻҲûиƽϣǱ뵽ǰʽһЩֶΣľƺܿܳɳ
̡ȰסҴľȻȡѺҶСٻҰ⻰˵ֻԼһֱȻٻϻһƺ«ϴŷҶĻƣʾԼ⡣
ľûעʲôһֻẓ̌ԵڰʱضǸٻţѣһսɣ
һŨľʱӣŵ۾ŹâǸӰ
ԲۣҽǸϻƵҪ˭˭
ǿľͯڴˣûαٻǾͯӡ
ľ¶ɵЦæӭȥľ̵ؿڣڰˣӴҳǿ֣ɣǺظһ
ȿȿȣ㱻ԼĿˮǺľ˵ȻܻҪã˾ƴӡӡ롭ֻǵĺѣҪۣĬ䡰ľԼСȣҪվʽк
ҶأͻȻֱʵ
ŵȥ
ҡٻһΣᣬȷ̿϶ΪҶֵģΪٻȫƾİ⿨ѲɻԼ־
ٶҲûãһٻҶҶһҪְûȥҶڵʲô޳ֻ뾡찲ס´ү
ɫâɢȥһƬɫҶƮ۾һҪվӭ³ԱҶȴûмƮһ棬һֻų˵ĵȳ֣֮һλòĳŮӴ̤д˵Ƹϡ
ҽ˯ѣܾóռõĹزģԸҪλ˸ء㲻ɣʦŮ
Ȼᣬ˵SSRӦǼŶԣŪáĳЩ˻᲻찡
ߣһƳеһۣȻҲ˵šȻˣұ㲻ڴˡ
ϵͳҲֻһδʽеƽ϶ҪռλûҶľûо̲Ըæֻþ̺ʹľذٹִ
ȵȣľͻȻҾͲȥˡǸԶŵ֣ȻҲѾٻˣҾǿ߱㼸ʮɡ
ɵԥһ¡
һľȻһλƤֶֻռݣΪƽͼͦϲʽġǴľţܾĻİɣٷְ١Իİɣ
ǣǺǣ˳ǣȻô˵ĻɡȻˣҪȥʱԸ˵
ľôϵеƵͷѵ¶Цݡ
еͿɫĿں죬ȫ֣Ե˶󷽡΢ЦŸľãȻ˵㻹ٻұϾ˱˳·ӣûǻ˼ұȽϺء
ȣӦֻŵģûֱ߶𣿡ľ֮ǰش
ãȻضסȡٻĶ㶵ؿŴľǵݺݵصһۡ
Ǿû취ءһȥٲɡеȻЦţ˿Ϸ
ٻʹ˽ɿˡ
ξлл㣡
Һֻܺü֮ǰˡ
εؾ½ǣ֪ô
ߣ޴֣ľΪıߣԼԶҲĻǶֵλһӡոӦҲʶѾˣ㿴ĺ췢Ӣݡ˶ؼǿ֮еȡò㲻һģߣȻҲǵ˲ģ
ȻܿĴľһ㼶ʽ񳰷ʮǿʽĺźĺ֪ô۰˭˵񶼻һߡ
Ǹߵľߣܣǿʦʽ񣬲֡
ǿˡǿʡû˵ǿʽֻѴľһˡ
ûбµĻҾˡøж˵ʹãҲԶߵġ
ŶŶ鷳ˣɲҶ˵֮ǰĵЦˡԺл׽ģһԴҩˣͻȻͶĹأ˵ܸǩٻԼء                        
лҪ˵ŷ񣬲Ҫ

ڶʮ  һج

ȥƹҪֹ£ʹԼԤʱ䣬֪ǻᷢ⣬ʲôʱҲ˵
ں
ǿֱӺ𣿡еŵڵƸϣڵʱ򣬼ʹںڰҹҲơ
ԭľһ˦ǿյ棬һߺؿһֺܾƿڣһǽŮ˰ɡ
ͷһ£Դľ¶΢ЦȻѸת͵һº͵е˵ͺá
뿪Ѿнһˣտʼÿ춼ȥѲ飬˵ġӹ࣬ľӹѡ˵ǺĶְɣʹ뿪ôãҲûʲôֳ֡ȻˣҲпֻʱƽѡ
¾ܻ˵򵥵ءǺñӣţȻеƺʹľ˵ܿ˳˯
ġΪľճ͸˺ܶ鷳ǿŪ飬Թ˵ԴûиǸ㼶ԼǺԸģʹûҲŴֵĽ
еƺǺЦȻľϧ˵ΪǿԶأû뵽ÿֻܴʽȻϲսҪܴ㡢̡ҶһսܾÿȤˡҾΪ˳İ
ľʱվֱӣŲӶ˵Ҷ˵ˣŮѾûٻˣ˵ˣǿ֣ҪٻʽţðԴǲء
ȻѾ˯ˣľզզ˵Ӱ쵽˯ߣл㱺˿УյƮŵһİĵط
ʹûΣֻҪҶʹøԶΪҵİֵģ
ڰһɳƺĻ£ֻԼͻȻȼ˴𣬺ӰֳȴаЦݣݺݵߴ͸ؿڡ
Ҫ
͵ؾѡеƺʹľ
ôˣǰԴӴľֺ󣬺ͲôˣϾűʦجοɲʲôͷҲóźá
ȥͷϵĺˮµ͵˺һ֪ۡûʦԤ֪ΪжƵجǰҲҰͨجΡ
ǸûʲôֵţǸǸ˾ƺĻܲʱͻȻưɣӦʲô²Ŷԡ
ֵָʲôеĪÿ춼ߣҪʲôԾĶҲӦŶԡ
ΪجΣʪ͸ˣ쳣΢һЩûʲôˣ˺ູܶϴ衣
뿪վԺ
ľûʲôڷһǣе˵˼Ų߳ȥ
~ůůˮþ˺ܶ࣬һӿŻеһߣԾֱӿľͰıԵ΢˯һСᡣ
ˣԺкصԼԭ硣
ΪʲôңһСкݺƵ·ߣſʶôҲ벻Ŭʱʦ顣
ˣ㺦ҵ裡أôȥҪˣ˵ͻˡСкǸˡˣǸȡȫھʱ
һˣ֮˵ֿСкƴȡ˺ܶιھΨõĺΡ
Բ𣬶Բ𡭡
Բʲôã軹ңô࣬ΪʲôҪĹھ㻹裬ҪӮˣһܴǮģ
ԲҲ֪Ҫ𡭡һڹֻ޾ĽܸݵĿ֣۲μʲô۶˭߾ȫȡͷΣĺܺڡ
СкпѧУǰӦʱ˶Сѧ˷ϰ༶ѧϰȣȻ󽥽Ϊǿŵ
ǣ֪ʱ򣬿ˡȫûֳֻһ죬ͻȻ˵ҵ˲Ҫ׼ڼͲѧУˣԼúñء
ô侲ƽ˵λܾҪСȻһʱܻˣԲû⣬Լ˵ָһµ㡣
һºǳµľ˿
㣡ָô죿û뵽㣬ο׼´ƷҲҪŶ
ĵһǿڱ֮ǰƺ˵Щʲôձ˳ĬƷþԵĺȴе㷢ʧʹʧȥʸ
򵥵ظ˵˼仰˵õȱ֮ȥ档ȴûܼˡղãҪǰ߶ӣԼơĳɹʾͺܵͣʹãҲпһա
뵽ЦھεһţĬĬſӵŭʹҡ
֪˶ãٴ̧ͷʱȴԼڵһһȺԼߣʱʱֳ壬ÿζһĺڰ̡
𣿡ܵʱһϤ𡣡Һ𣿡
򡭡㡱ɴ۾гһϤӰңҲ֪Ҫ˵Ļҷ߰ѽ𶼸㣬ԵġԲ𣬿Ҳ֪

ʮ  Ⱦ

͵ƿľţֻеѾصڵϣȴľͰɢŲĺ
ѣæÿ°סϵغ֡
ľҲ޴ؿţôˣողǺúõеƣеѣԼӺǵò𰸣ľתеƣ԰εѡ
ħˡüû񽫣ֻ̫չ˼ƽó飬һʱȻҲİ֡
ħһںغڰľ֪Ĺȥ𣿡ľ͸ոתѵеơ
еҡҡͷʵ̽ʹĹȥϲĻ⣬Ҳ֪κι¡
ںֻȥʱеƽ˵ƺжˡһĩǰƮ̷ֲԣҵߣǰѸԺֻСɹȥȻҾʲô֪ˡ
СĿѸɨеطȴûпκĶ㿴Ķж󣿡
е°ϸ䣬Ȼεҡҡͷ˵ҵʱǰѾģˣֻǷŵĶΪйâûȷǵĴСǿ϶ҵȭͷҪ㡣
鷳Ҳң취еƺʹľ˵һ䣬Ȼϣ۾ԼָĶͷ档
ľʱûиϣ֪ΣУ̾жʼҷһ
ϸظӦ겨Լʶϡ
ǣʶгһɵĽһֵĴͻأذһ͹ڴߣȫնﲻͣţԲ𣬶Բ𡭡
û̽ѾںΣյˡϸĻŷǸϻһˡһĿȫǡõŮˡǣոմϻǿյģôֵģ
ǰͻƿϵıӣŮ˵ӰͻȻһ£ָֻܿˡ
ӹﶼҪðˣв֪ƤӵңֱǶһơ
һһȵ߳У֮صزǸŮˡ
ŮƺоΣգʱ˲üԻ͵ڣһȭͷССˣǶ̷ͱССĳлһСľľһͷһһװΡ
ںץסСʱͻȻһһģһСɳ׳һЩĩ֪Щĩ˻˯ɲУתƵص㣬ֱַһߣֿС
ҪʱͻȻüȺڰ
ŹǣһɱŮˡһŮ˵
ߣɲᱻвηǣ˭֪ʲôʱˡ
һܻԺΪɢʱ
ѣ㿴ĲģסС˫Ȼûʲô֪걻˵̫ˣʱѾץĻᷢʲô۶ӣԺֱӴ
ӽֻǵԼҽԺȻſڲȥֻԼѾȫҰˡ
˳ӿ˼µʱһĿĺ𣬶ʱůӲ塣
졭ߴӰվڻؿһ
ۿͻȻеɬŴŵȾңţ˺Щһ˦ץֵĿֱֱĻ
εջػ棬ᱧסһۣһɫӰȥȻ֪ʧʲôطˡһ𣿡ȻѾˣȥ׷ҲҵģϾʶ硣
ûˣʽҲܵǳȥɡļ΢֡
ֻǰһԴκġٴʱѾصԼķ䡣
ոǡãؿеƺʹľһۣԭ﷭Ҷʽʱͣ¶ϸ˿ʣѾû𣿡
ţʽڵԼһ㡣Ǹոյ飬ǲɱؼĵ׵Ӱ
㣡ͻȻݸſƬ
ǣӹеɻʣôпƣ
ովڵҡ
룬ſƬǩԼ֣ߡá˰
ǣѿƵʵӦ̶ȰƻԼ壬벻ͨߡ˯ûúڰá˼þЩǹԵģڸոȴʵʵܵʹ󻹱ʲôĸȥˣᷢʲô
ϵͳϵͳоԼΣգʱ뵽ϵͳտʼ˵Ļ˵ϵͳֻǴ棬ûʲôΣյģոʲôһΣյǰɣȻԿΣÿոյĶΪǸˡ
ʦΪϵͳת磬ڿܻᷢΣյ¼ʽѡʵʽ񱣻Լ
ϵͳ˼ǲͬģпܻΣա뵽һ㣬΢е㺦£ԥԼҪҪԼ硣
¡ڴʱƺоеĿ־壬ոȷʵиˣܸоǾһӦòոյͬ˵֣עⰲȫһֶҵĶֵġ
һᱣ㡱ӺĻ˼ոպڻпӣ¶ȣͻȻͷ˵лл㡣̫ˡ                        
лҪ˵ʱӣθϰ˵㣬һ㣬һҵĸʱȶˣÿдַûʱҴʲô

ڶʮ  ⷢ

շˡߡáſƣ֮ǰõġ͡һţǡƲǼ͵ģû취뼼ѡУϸһ£ߡ͡áΪԼõļܡ
ǺüûȥѲˣȥɣ
Ȼ֣ȻҪؼˡ֪Ϊʲôԭ򣬺ڶ̬Ⱥ˺ܶ࣬ʹҲûôʼӴľճĺˡ
ֵϺƽִʽ£źľеƣĸˡҡڡڴε
ľ˸Ƿĵ˵ιŮˣȥЩִɡֲҵÿԼС
ô˵ģ˼Ͽ
šҪǵ£㻹ҪĥĥӣʲôʱҾѾܳˣһԸߵȼ
˼ҲûǵĶԻֻרעѲܡ֮ǰиǣʦȻҲǿģֱսҲЩʽõóˡ
һתһºΪԭ˳ִĺλãҲֻˡ
ιͻȻе档ԼʵʵģΪʲôǵԸʮǣȴкöഩôٰ
㿴Ҳǣϰʲôûأ°Ҳ¶˰׻ĴȡǺܰסؼ⸹
߶߶˵ţûоĵѹһ
аȸͬǻ𽫣ðװ۵ģȴڵġѵΪĻ¶ȸߣ񽫵ҲӰ죬ĸ¿𣿡
Ƥ˼£̲סˡͣ½Ųֱܲܰ㣿
ٺ٣ƤЦִһ£ҾǿһͦƵģԾһ
е۲תĿͺ֮ɨɨȥȻءŶһ˵кõĹزءȻĸߵشսһЩľΪĪֱǼ
ءЦһŲ˵ż̲סһ£߷䡣
ѽҲᰲƽ͵ضȹأƾٵɢһȦ˿һЩ޺СӹûзʲôΣաǻȥɣôãʺϰѼƽԺء
е㷳ءһҪĻû¾ͱҳˡ
Ÿ׽׽أЦۣս˶Ժ˵֪СӶºÿγ֣ǱضᱻŵôޣҲΪˣúºˡϿ϶˵ẢӣŲԸǽӽġ
ɹúֶŮһ֣ҲԳһ¡
ôŵʱһźӰͻȻӵص׳˺ؿڡ
ˣ
סǸһܵجΡϴκĻѵҪɱ
ţȴӦ죬Ѹתܣͷʹĺסˡ
ϴǺŬңѵҪΪδ֪ΣգͰѺһǱǸǸ˾ˣһһ˳֣ͶԾ˼ѻģ
ǵԸǲ˺ࡣ
֣ô𣿡
ǺûлӦϵıѾʼľˣҲÿնһηĺڰʼо۽
Ѿȫס˺ʶһ㣬ԭҲ֪ôúѳ
һκƣɱիԼͼɱȴʧˣʧܵĹδֻ֪֪Ժʩ˷ӡڶ˲ƣβɱȻѡԼ˺
ɲͬķȲ˵ûֶ߱Σ˵ˣˣҲ޷Ȼ
ʱھͺˡ
еƣ㵽еƸԼߣȻôľȻȥΪûбľȻذٹִһᣬҪٻʽսˡ
̬ľȻԼ޳⣬뵽Ҳûʱƽˣ൱˳ӵرջصٹС
սпͬʱٻʽ
ͼ㾫ӨݣҿңѸһ֧ԷΪСӣͼߣ㾫ݱңɺݿסΪṩӨݲҪʱΪơ
Ϊ˺ֻţȻȡ˼ʱ䡣
ȴĻҪǿ㾫ѾˣݶԺ˵ֻһƵĳ̶ȣڻнͼӨݣȻܵ˺ܼһʱ䡣
еƣˣۿԼʽܿ·磬òеƳ֡еƵƿȡ˵꣬ȷԺ᲻ʲô˺ֻܰе΢СһԿЧ
ȫɱ¾еĺ뵽ָ־ܵķʹࡣ걻ۿԼ˵Ϊһܷŭȴֿ־ɡ
ԵĻеЩ
лҪ˵ ի ֣ġӦиľԵģҴ򲻳ֱ֣ӾT0T

ʮ  

滻
ԺͻȻһ΢ϵͳĽͻȻг֣һ⣬ͣڼѡһѡļͻȻһ桱
۽⿴һۺʽǣʽձƣˡеÿʹƣúͣʮңڼʽǼǿķѪԺſƣһֱͣظ̣ÿκٴιʱҪһθǿȥʽǶᱻɱġ
߼ܻ棡ϣһã̶Ժʹ˼ܡ
һǿҵѣθϮٴѵʱӽѾȫһˡֿ˿żеָĴƤǺ尡
ϸһ£̺ż֪ǲΪ˺ȫܲ˲ݣҲֹͣˡ
ǣԼȥ֡ԼúõڻţͬؿԼ壬ƺ״
𣿡ʵ
ʽġãȻ̧ͷԸߴġһʱסˡ
̫ˣͿԱ㱻أȷ󣬺᲻ٴܵӰ죬ֻܱ״̬ǸеƺӨ֮⣬ʽȥٹɡҪܽ
ȫӦС壬Ӧ壬ǰȥؼǵøոշ飬ҲҶԼٴƿԼ󣬻᲻ֶɱ֡
ǸϽȥɣȥһ̫ѻκһȥ֪ͨһ˵ţһ̧ҪߡûӦ֡С壬һ̤ȥʧȥƽˤˡ
ۣ̲סЦ漴ס죬װʲôûӣú鸡ڿеĸоᰡһֲǶܷء
൱ϲС룬ʣõĻֻܼһ
ûעһ㣬ոʱ̫ˣûʱȥܵľ͡
Ȼᣬҿ滻˵ʶ壬ֽϳǰ£Ա滻Чʮ죬ڼ滻ԽԽܵǰ
üǵ̻ȥˡΪ֪ڳǱߵʲôˣҪǰĻԽ֪ͨԽãȻ.ɱˣ¾ͺˡ
ʱҲûգһ㵣Ǽæصҡ
̫ѡˣˣܳæ𣿡һլ̴ΪλʽƽʱչСӣĻֵܿܳġ
̫Ȼ̳ǰ
ߣǡ̫ɫؿšʱ΢΢ţɢһ֡ҺҪæаСϢ
ȣĺһ˵⣬Ҹ壬Ϊ˰ȫҲܻȥҪеһȥһ£Ԥϡ
Ϊûʲô˺ȶѸոϸظ̫˵ˣȻȥƹĵ
񽫾Ȼᱻݣ²СȥͰǿˡ̫˵꣬̾Уȥƹ
ȵȣһʽһ𣿼Ȼеܲݺ֪ڲھһ˹ȥ·ҲΣգսޣҲΣյ״̬
ʹ壬ȴ޷ʹúǱҲ޷ٻʽֻиոձߵеơӨݻܰæ
̫ѶԴҲΣγȥʱ䳤ͺھд˵Ĵ鷳԰ʽȫˡ
Ҫעⰲȫ֪ͨǱҪģǵؿһ̫ѣóս񽫣ܵ˵
̫Ѻͷ˵ڼҲҪע⡣˵ȥΣٵظƹΪ̫ҲǷ罫·ٶȱȽϿ죬ĿǰʵĴˡ
ߺܾãȻſĹϵôã⻹һôؿźΪסһ꣬ԭںϵоҲ䵭ˣоһ㡣
̫ѵٶȣƹһأҲҪһࡣȵϢɣʱ䣬ǾͲҪˣʲô⡣
ãͷһۺԸߴߵӽȥСˣоֵͦģǸС˻ԭԼ
ۣԳĬʱͻȻСĿ
ˣǼƽˡҵȥտƽأǱ߾Ͱˡ󼱴Ҵҵ뿪
°ͣʼ˼һ⣺СȻºںܺѽӽӣǺϤ壬ȷʵס棬϶Ըȥӽӵģеƻὲ£е㱿ֱţӨݿᣬûءĸˣȻûһԵչС
֪Ͱ߹ûгˣȫû취ϵϵͳ

ʮһ  ʹǶħ

ҺϤøȥءһûᣬǺСһԺ˵ȫ޺պÿԳŽӽСӡ
˼ܵζԡ
㿴ڱôߴͣҪǱżȴС˺ܴúô죿̫Ѳܻǿչ˼һɣ
ʽʺ¡Ժ˵ȥӴСıսҪѶˡ
ˮرһӤСʯͷȵݸеƣ˵ɺӣҪôչ
е൱ŵؽӹʯͷԼڵƸƮƮȥȫΧֻڿлεţͬʱʼӽ¡
ͷ亹еƱʯͷϢĹѾϡǽϡܱײ˺üΣҪıźӣײŹ֡
еưʯͷתӨݡ
Ө¶ؽӹСرţûһΪעӶߵˣҲΪŶýӲ֪ϾͿʼ
΢ġꡱʯͷӨݵбͷĩ
ͻȻͷۡ˿һ޹ʽֿĺ׳ġԼ֪ûѡˡĹϵֲãҲڣһܰæĶûС
ǿЦݣźķӣڲ´󣬳ҡ˯һԺֻҪ޵Ļʵܺôġ
ǽȥ󣬼պ˺۾һ۾Ϳˡ
ԡ¶޳ݵЦݣҪ˫ִнųҪ
˶Ӳˣͣ½Ųٿ
ͷΪʵǱ̫࣬ͷҲͱ߸һ㡣ȥȻһҪˡ˲Ųðأ
ĥĥģǱ߼Ҳˡһֱ죬ŵɫУһ·Űŵ˼ǰ
Сʱļԣܿݵĺ塣ܵηǿĴڣ߽֮ɪһ£˲ۿˮ
Ͻ𼪲ȻŵôӤ㿴ȫû취׽չ⺢ӵαˡ
ϤĻ֮󣬽ֹͣ˿Ȼ̫ǺȵسЦ
֤ҲԲ£ڼ֮ŵߵ󣬿ʼһҡҡͷڶֱۣԴע⡣
Ŷƺˡ޺Ƚָŵﺬһ£Ȼ̽С֡
ԼһָŵսЦҲ¶ЦݣЦ
ӦҪԶˣһ˿һ£ȥŪ
ȵȣڱϾõ壬ʲôĶԼģᱧӣһСᣬѾоˣܾԲ⺢Ӿͻȥȱˣ
ŲءһԼŰȻѸ뿪ˡеƵǱʾԽһᣬ治ҰѺӽӨݡ
ȸιָ֡򲼣Ѿ˯˵ˣȴ۵Ǻ̲סԹһ䣺
ΪҪʱչ˵⺢ӣͺ϶ڼ
ϨƺͻȻӣʣûŵһζ
еƺӨݶͷȻ塣ҲζǴԼɢģŵؿź㡢ôô
ţȻҲѬˡ
ŽǶʲô£Ѳֵս滻塢֪̫ͨǡչ˺ӡϢ滻֮ǰΪҪսûʲôˮ֮˲ٺΪ񽫲Ҫϴһֱͣظ˵Ḷ֮́ǰſŻãһϢҪˣζе㡰̼
ҾҪϴ衣ƿһ㣬ȻŶԺ˵˵ʵϾԼģῴԼ⡢ģʵô
ǺǸˣ뵽һ㣬Ϊˡ
Ǹ۾סɡҲϴ裬ֻҪߵҷɾͺˡ
ëҪԼʱע⵽Լ˫֣ʱסˡ
еƣܰϴҲ̫㡣
е¶Цݣ۽Ƴһۣոտͦ~ϧŻ̲ڣȻһѻ滭һѹ¼˸𴫲ֱ
ƽ㣬ˣһһٵ˵ŻȻĻһٻ칷ŶһϮͻ̹¶أ
ʦܶCPӣ칷XеҲ֮һӲСİеŪ߹ˣҲһĹء
е΢죬ƺ뵽ʲôȻͻȻԼŽӹеëæϴ塣

ʮ  л

ͺΪӦԷ, ޱû뵽ǣ̫һܺŻصڼһȺ˼ȵĺ, ֵ̫ѡ
ڻˣԼ, Ͻ취, Ҹ壬»ֻᱻơ
¶һζ΢Ц, æ˵˵ܼʮҸսһѵս, ƵϢָܻأʱҪôɡ
̫Ҳæͣĺ, ⼸춼ûôϢ֮ǰһȥƹǸի, ǻӡҲ˲ȫԼĻ, 㺦ˣ
իˣأ
ɫҰһ㣬ɱˡȻԹʵѾȫаĴռأȥĻ, ǶõĽѷʽɡ
Ĭˣիܺõ, ȥӦöͦġҿĺۣھڼеʲôԾڴѾ, Ӧúֹܿġ
˽իʵûжʲôիȥһ˲䣬װ׵˸лΪԼµĴкںͳ裬ʹ־ˣҲ޷Լȥ
ǱߡĲôصԼ֮ԲҲիƵĻ롣
ģǸ˾ˣڲָܻġǸȫĸҸոѾ۲ˣûκ쳣ʩһӡԭҲ޷ӣʹǻָǸӰҲȫʧˡǽһ̿ʼʧЧˡ
ĻֱӸǲţǿı飬ѡ˶±ֳĬ
ã̫ѡǰѼƽͼԺɡϢһҹڶͿʼ顣
ѽƽʱһֱŬѧϰȫɷɰɡԱҲ΢ɹɹ̫һۣͰעڼƽϡѵӵͷʾȥҡ̫ˣɡ
ƽ̿ĵس嵽ǰ
ЦŶԺ˵ƽͰڱϾô˵⼸ѼҲչ˵ĺܺãҲıˣ㻹дӵ츳ġȼƽҲ˺ӣ˵һչأԿɡ
ˡҲֺǺǵ£һ߶ԺüŪۣһ߶Լƽצǵֺֺ¡
ƳһۣܿġЩЦĶǲףҲʵں۾еƶԸֱڵֻӨһֱɵظߡ
һֱƽΪˣСֺɫ΢תһ㣬ʣƤֶأܸһ𣿡
еѰˣٻʽֻԴ滻֮󣬸ٹֵϵͱжˡ
֣վ̾˿Ȼ˵㣬ʱӦǸʧЧʱ䡣ǻɣء
Ҳ˿ڲʽԼϴˡ
ϵͳҪôܵЧ
ȡͿˡǡ桯ֵģϵͳʱ٣Կ۳һҡ
һ򣿣ܹҲһǧ򣬻Ӱʵõĵأˣ룬ϵͳһ㶼ģû׷ʿ۽ҵ£Ǹ桯ƣ˵ֵģ֮ǰһֱǱھ𣿻лáߡҲһˣѵкܶ࿨˾
ϵͳ͸¶һ㿨ƵʦĿƣ󲿷ֱǸ˾ֲˣȾ˿ƵԣԻǲŻǸ˾㡣ֻжЩƣƲܽѡڡ桯ƣǶǸ˾ѼΪһʼͲߣΣʱ֡Ҳȳͬɡ
һѺͷصԼ壬û취ˡ׼һ£ǻ
ˮ˵þһ۾ﶼһˡ
һӰͺӵһ˵Ѹٴα滻ֻͷһΡһٴʱͻָˡ
˼˦¸첲ãԼеơӨݣ΢Ϣһ°ɣƤֶ
еƵͷƺǷûʲôϷˣҪȥĵطǵҳŶ˵Խ飬ʽƺ֪ҪʲôʹʽڲͬĵطٻҲȫûһͲӦ
ٹֵͨ򿪣Ƥֶܣһ˫ץסǣֻһԭóֵƤֶûǴľͯӺ;ͯܳˡ
ιŮˣ㲻˵սҳ𣿡
̲ˬͶ䣬ľԶһ㡣ҲԼҪģٹʽ˵ÿٻʽ㿪ʼҰɣںҶ֮ǰҪ㹻ǿʸȥ׷ҿǿĴ֡ͯӣ
پͷۡ                        
лҪ˵İԵܲ

ʮ  ϵͳ

˵ʵ, ܴ֣ƾõԴʽĻ, Ǻܾ˵, Ҳַʽÿһʽ
̺ʹľǿ, ֲԼȥҹֻ֣ܼϣιԴ
ϵͳ, ֮ǰӽ繦ܵ, 𣿡˿ʽĽ磬֮ǰҲϵͳʱϵͳ˵, Ҫ¸
ϵͳԥһ, ˵ĻҪȡһĽ, ȥһʱ佫һ㡱Ϊǰˣ൱ɣϵͳѡôԽĺʵص֮󣬾ͽΪɵġ
аа, 繦ܸҪһʱԴԺʡģôǻ, Ҳʦͣһʱ䣬֪ȥ˻Ӱ֮ϵͳʲô
ϵͳʼйܽر, ֱɡϵͳ˵仰ͳȥ
ף˿ڶҪԴĴľ;̣ͻȻһԴ԰رйܵ˼ָֻܴүϵͳϵͳ
ϵͳûκλӦ
ôˣͻȻеɻʡ
ûʲôϯҸʽϵʱжˣʽûɳҪֵĻû취Ӧ
кЦſ˺һۡ
εûôԣʱҲϤˣʱиԼͬҲ
˿ٺɵЦڵʱ͵͵Ҫ󣬵ڷôãϾ̷ʽԽֱӸֵҪĻŻ
ǸеѹͺԼ֮ӣʣҹʱҪȥԶĵطͬʱֻܴԼʽһŲǿʽͻȻǿеĻ
óƣֻſƲǸϵͳһģȥĸ磬ϵͳϵڲڣƶ
иٻķʽǩʽ񣬵ǿԸκࡢֻǩԼҼʱٻٻԸңͿԳǰǿƵġ
ǿԸǿһ㣬óҲϣܸǩԼ
ʹںֻǶйٻԵĳ̶ȣʵϣһ죬صԼ磬ʱ䷢ʱٻһκϾһֱϲĶԪҵʱҲѡַԭ硣
ûкܿӦ£¸úűʲһѺߣȻΣյĻȷܻܲصϾϴ˵Զ֮˵Ĵڶʧˡ
ľһŮƲ𣿸ңǩ㶥໹ܻʮ꣬ҿ㻹˳ۣΪѵرɡ
Ӳնʱľƻˣ̶˼վһ
һ飬룺㱾Ѿٻˣһٻϣں漸һûУ˵ʵҲãֳֻܱĬ
ԼԸ𣿡ջѡʵҲܴȥ磬˵úø׺͡һ㡣Ƕ̫ηǿĴˡ
ҡüͷ뱣Ϊʮսǿʽһ֡ҲڵĻҿΣա뷨ʵܸǩԼҲͺǿԵʡ
һʵ̫󣬶ұдһ棬ʵҪ
ڴؿźȴСǺȴûмǸҿһʱɡ
ϵͳõʱĸãڼֳһˣ֮ǰûбжɵʹȥļʱϵͳ𲽻ָܡ
ϵͳɡٹбΪʽ̱ٻսĲԣǿʽ顣ȡ㰲õĽ翨ȼΪϵͳڼɲ㣬طһǽ翨Ŷǽ翨һǽ翨һǽ翨Ϊ
ûüģϵͳֽ˵ʦ񡤶ɣֱӷϵͳʼУȡҹϺï總ʼԽһͨѿʼ쵽ﴩԽص㡣
ߵôûдӦǩٻԼľ;˶ʮԸվλóҲѰ졣
ḷ̌ȥٹְɣҪԽĻŻɵеƻ߹û񶼸㡣ȻֶƽϵҪã֮ǰðٻźء
үˬػȥˡ
ҵ˵ԼҪٶȳ֮󣬴˵õϵĸˮֶƽеһϺï
еҲڵƸϣòظͷҪ뿪
ȵȡסǣȻҲ֪ҪȥģǶ΢е㲻ģǸԼھǩɡҪĻûʲôŵ飬ͻӦٻߡ˵ʹٻһˣͿжٻϵؾ
ɴۣû뵽ܴӦϽѡƾֳʱ˶ԸҪǩԼһٻģ·ӿϸ֣ͺסһ֮ϵ֮乹ȹâɢȥҲ֮ʧԺÿٻֻҪ־Ϳˡ
лл㣬Ҫʱ䣬ĵ̫໰Ҳ޷ֻܸɰͰ͵˵˾ллȻеЦŴ뾩һֱ󿴣ֱӰҲΪֹ
öеȣȵ뿪ߴٿһᣬܾԼֵֹģĬػصϢŴ                        
лҪ˵һ£쿪ʼȫ׼յ£һܵĸ¶Ǵ䣬Ҳܼʱظˣһǰǵģôôߴ
ܿһι~

ʮ  

͵Ӱʱ, ͬҹպûû¹⡣еƵĵƸ, еƵ, ٱˤһΡ
еƻԽ, 񲢲ʲôǵѡ
ѽ
һХţеƵĵƹ, ȹҲƵҷ, ֻ˵ϱ߹⣬Ļ˼άֵƸ˵ƽ⡣Դĵƹⲻ֮Ϳ廷, , ֱǿεõҷɣȫҲ
߳еƵľ֮, 񻹴һʿˮ
˭ڴԽ֮ǰͽԼļܸĳˡ͡áΪǻʹҲʹûʹòԵúͻأֿ, ʹýֱֱǸķ
СƢ, ǲеİһײ۾ҲӦĺڰȥԼǸŰɫһĶ
һӰɫҲ, ʹõ̷زؾ⬵ӡ
ȻǸɫжţؿһеƣո߹ˣҲ֪Ҳ˶٣ϣλ㲻ҪŭҪɱҲɡ
еƵҹƺܲֵֹúܣרΡҲĹɣҼǵֻݺݰΪҲƷɣȾ;ҲĹֶ֣Բϡ
취ʱͻȻһϸڣһɷס˸ոȥĽ͵͵תơ
ƣľ֮ӣõƣΪСӣϣûоӵأֱռĹ̡УǸº͵Ŀƣ˵ôԵĹŶԡ
Ҳ׸ߵӣˤȥҲˤëʹ㻻ʽƽ㣬Ȼȥ㾫ͯ
ƽȥˣǱٴٻȴֻ㾫
ϵͳ廰ΪѾٻֶʹʦ磬Ҳһռʽλ֮һڶԷֻ̽޹ͼҲܽս״̬
ΪʽǵǿԶս״̬жἫϸ񣬼ʹսϵͳ϶һʽǿӦĻٻʽһʽսʤѣԽһս״̬ٻʽս֮һѱֶռݡ
ȥϵͳʵĻĺݺݲš
ѳɹԽӰ磬ַڻӰٿһݳᣬ˹ɾ͡ǿҪҪǵ߰ȫԱ룬ֳ볬һˡ
ڶ˲ˣͻȻе棬Ǹʦϵͳȥ磬ҿ꣬ðɣרҵѧģˡڴҵ˻Ӱ磬һݳ񣬵ôģһˣΪ۴л𣿣ľҶûһ˶֪
ϵͳ񣬾ԡʹ겻ɣһҲ뿪ġϵͳ⻰˵ĺƽһûбӺгȫȤڱϵͳˡ
˵ڻڿƮţ㾫鷳ݰЩס
ٻʽĻúͯŸУȻȷ羢Сһ㣬㾫ʹݡ㾫ʹݵЧҲȫӦ˵һݽסȻս
㾫ݵ棬ԽԽСֻʣһϤĿơ
Ȼ㡣ӹſƣдԼ֣֮ƾͻһâϵͳСܸΪ硯
һһóķϵ߾װˡ
㾫ҲȥʱûٻκһʽҲԸãʲôطҸոϰʧˣ
ҲӣƲ쿴Ѿͷ˵ϹǸ˶ոǾϰɵĺˣȫ֪˵ϢǴ塪еβޡ
ľҶΧԶҲ˵һ䣬¶ЦոǸȳġ洩еŮأ
ԺҲҪٻʽӰֵֹҲв٣ɴֱ˵˵ҵʽ񣬺ߵԼʲࡣٻǳҪķԼս󶼻ȥԼ
Ŷ~Ҳų֪ûţϧζǺԡ
Ǹα̫ԶˣҲ֪ȥķܴܲȥǸľҶ΢Ϣһʱ䰡ǿ߿϶ˣҲܱԼݣֻúľҶ˵
ҲתһȦƺɱĲȤȻ΢е죬˵պˣ͸ҹȥɡҲͰȥ֮ҪԶкܳʱ䣬Ҳﲻʲôæ
εЦЦǫ˵šллĵȴʼҲСˣһ궼ŮŮװòˣ

ʮ  ϲǡʱ

ϵͳϵͳ, ̵ûأСƵظڲżҲ, Լ֮, ʹϵͳ, ʼҺʵĵߡ
ǿ跿ʲôͲʲô졢赸ѧƵӣȫס˵ĴУϵͳгĶʲô߰ѵӦһʵݡӰаĵ𣿡
ϵͳĵ߶а, ԼĲʵ򡣡
ȥ, ĸεζۣԼؿڣоʱңңڣѲҪڻӰ, , ꣬ϵͳҴʦȥ
Ĳ, ȥƼƽѾʶ˰ɡ
ҪܾõĻٻΣ˵˵ᱻɣĵͻȻð뷨ʱ, ͻȻһ¡
ʲôأľҶˣô, ѾûʲôطȥˣȥǱ߾ͷԲҲָָһ򣬡ǸǻӰ, ţӰ֮Լ˵һðʲôҲ˻ġ
ҲͰľҶͲˡסɰͰ͵ظ˵ллûأʹü˲ʧˡ
ľҶô𣿡ף˵һȫİҪסӦҪɸ˽еİɣ
ʵ֪ǣҲһߣǻԼסȥ˸֡
ľҶվľҶƻ¼ˣǷʱ֮ԾҲΪûз֣ʵⶰӰ¥棬һӰ
ģջİطȻеҲ˯ˡеƴ㣬ҽ°ɣ
˵еȥƽ£ûء
еƯƯʵĵƹ⽫ӳյʮֶˡĳЩ۾ֱˡ
ԸҵĹˣʲôأľ̡Ҷò˵Сܰ.ǡ
ȵȵȵȣϽͣûʲôŴ˵һĹ°ҪʽǵĹ£ҪǱ֪ˣǴľ;̶ִͷҪ췴
ϧеƲôĵزŪԼ°ڣƽϲЩأһѹ˵ĺȤŶ
㶼СӴʲôͷ۵ԴˣҺò״ϵͳǻһ˿ˣСèɣ
أܲôɵš
еƲ˿ˣĺǺأóһ֮Ҳ˵Ƹ˵ĸ߶ȣ쳤˲档
һǺ˯ɡ򵥵ʾˡСè㡱淨֮еһѰԼС
治˯ģеưǰһʱȱͷΣֱŻȥܿͻ˯ȥˡ
Ľؿš˯
ٴѹʱѾˣеȻذٹ֣ԼһȥҸ֡
ִҲ֪һЩʼͻȻľҶӵصԵĻ취һֱľҶ棬вľҶͼͰ˼ӡѺסȫûʲô⣬ҲԽãǸԤս
ǱϾ֪ĵϸֻסҼҸʱƿľҶסҲû⣬һһľҶǼĵζҪϢ͸¶ܶ࣬ҲкôܴľҶȡԴ׬ķá
ֻж˲Żкɫһ¹̬ȡĻһΪǶԴİ˸е̬
ϵ˸ϢͻȻ뵽һ⣬ϵͳոո˵ѣҲͻȻ㲻ṩԽҵȼ۹ҵĽ𣿡
ԡΪӰ紿ʵΪʵ㹻ԼˣϵͳûҪ˷ѵλһûмֵƷϵͳʾһ䣬ϾͿʼ񣬷꣬ûǮԼˡ
ûϵͳʲôˣԼ˸ȻʹϽҲû취Ǯ
ֿһдϣļݸԱߵľ浵ľҶ㰲ŵķԿףҪǾסÿ½һҪȡĻȥϴǸȫṩҪɵѡԼΧڵȡͺˡ
ŶõĺõģллӰˣӹǩ֤ᣬúõյڴˣγǺ飬һǮûУܲھͿʼǸӵ𡪡Ҳϣ΢ӳһ½ʱ䡣İɣҾԲٸģ
ԣԼȥʲôɡ
׬ǮķʽţææܵΪľҶؽڣ˲࣬ƶ
ֵ߿еȻһָ֤˵ǵһԿʼʱҪһֻܽD񡣵ʮD񣬲ܿʼCģҪӸ߼BAS㶼㹻ĵһС
ĻҾֻͼˡһǮءͷɥؿǰᣬ֪B˵ҲѵģԻúһ񣬾һʱ䣬е취ϵͳ
ǺǣҪDɵĺܿģ㹻ŬҲõĻÿ춼ĸûܽӸ߼ˡҿľҶ߶ϤһŶǸ߼ԼʵرǿĻȱصһЩ򵥵ɡ

ʮ  跿

Ҫ취, ҪǮԼҲŷ֣ҲԲȲסãһ쿪ʼ, ȸŸָĵͼ, ҵԼδҪסܾõķӡ
¥ȱؽõĽ, ˵Ҹûпߡ̿Ըս, Ӵ󲿷ֵط
ŵסһԸŮ, ǸպǸίˡ
¶ţǿˣһֱûлӦ, ŷҲܼ, ȽȥԼķӿ
ͦģ˼ҵĹࡣȻؽά޺, һҳûУǷϵߴһɡסլֱ˳ԭѾˣûôһ㣬ȷһЩƷ, һǮȥ
ϵͳǸ̵治ƷĶ̫׶û, ᴲˣɲ˯ذϡ
ϵͳԼƷ⣬Ҷ͹ˣĵ߾Զڼǵ׸ô赸ô𣿳ǿ跿, 赸ѧƵѧ貽Ͳ춼ݳʱҪõģӣοǿĸ÷˿Ǹ㣬˵ĴиǱزٵĵߣԼ˦иʱ˷ĴС
˵̫еԶԡ
ǡҪ跿ȻԻӰܸȤһҲĴߴսʱڣǻһõҪæǲô죿һҪˡ
Ȼûȷ˵Ҫ򣬵ϵͳɲһ㣬跿ɹϵͳƼͲʹҲԳϰϵͳʱԱһǿߡ
һеߵļ۸ҪǰЩȫ˵ĻϵͳеĽҶᱻһաϵͳӰû׬ҵ𣿾ɱõҽһ
ϵͳˢһ·һʼݳ֮ǰÿһʵ˿ڸ˿ϵͳһҡ
ô󷽣ʶ˵ܿ췴Ӧˣ磬˿ôǺܶ࣬ҪһٸŻһ򣬵ľҶҲһٸ˿
ƷֱӴϵͳóϵͳڲȡ跿ľҶڰм㣬ʹááƵΪԼ齨跿ģٴϵͳʵ跿ȡ
ֲҲǺܺڿƼˡ跿ƶֻҪˣûͻȻװһİɣϵͳ󶨵ôš
ɹԻ跿Լ֮ȿһŵ緹Ž췴û񣬾ͽȥ跿ôġ
跿ֻһ߶һС̨ȥ϶ʲôûУ̨ϱ˼ҲȫûзӦ
ϵͳ㲻ٻ˰ɣ
ϵͳ̷ϵͳƷƷ
ôһ㷴ӦҲûУڱڣҲûзƿص趨
ϵͳֱ׳ؽͣ跿¼ҲҪ¼Ǹ赸ѧƵ֮󣬲ܸĶжɼ
е̲סˣǱԭ̲Ⱦôѧôͼİˣ
ϵͳȾϸȣллģϵͳƤȷʵˣұòԾֻһܣǾǡĳֶˡ
ĳֶе棬һϵͳ˵Ҵŵġ
ϵͳûиͣʹ˽Ҳٴι赸ѧƵߡ
̳㣬һ׸Ķǳݳ棬ʱͻȻһħԵĸ
ˣһ뵽ǰҳҾЦͣȥ۽ЦˮһҶǧӣ׸費Ǻ죬ỹų˦иɡ
һ֪Ϊ˦и衣ʱϴĺܻ𣬼ʹɶܸŵӳΡ׸гҲǺܸЦġ
ննն࡭̲ԾؿʼȣȻܿҵĵӣų
ĸ軹Ǹһ𳪸档һ˳ܾ˵ʲô
һСϵͳƷ˵ĴСֵӵУ
ϱһˣҾͲˣ
¾޼գԼеķţֳԲˡ˰ЩձĶƤûھȥ˯ܸ緹һˡ쵽˵ί˼ҲԵġ
ίṆ̀ˣŮֲ꣬ȥѧУÿҪ񣬾͵ҲһչŮ
컹û⸸ŮҪŮӦĻκһʽæܺɵظ㶨ˡίҪһܣ쿪ʼҪչСŮһܣҲܿɹۣɺܵõ൱ʮĸDһĽ
һڴ¹潫˯ˡ

ʮ  

ûͱŪ, һţڼСʱ, ÿʮӾ̲סһ, ֱ˵ſŵ˳ˡҲԼҵ, ĸŮк
Ǻã°, ͬʱҲȡչ, ָ̣
Ժ׺ͣҲҽһ£ҽлľ, 㺰һľͿˡҵŮ, ΢еԣ֮Ͱˡ
, ӣʸá
ӡߡһ㵽˻ľȻϲİ˽ľԴҲΣǸضЦЦ, û뵽סҼҶ棬ұҪ⺢ӴءϾҪ, ⺢ȻǺܺôٲܣֻҪϴ·˯ͺˡԼϲ飬Եûʱ档
ľ߶߶˵, һӣְҪˣչһʱ䣬Ҫú֪𣿡
ƲԼءһŹˡ
ľЩǵ̾˿ӿڴͳһԿ׸ҼԿסʱ鷳ˡ
һŬչ˺ӵģȥɣͣӹԿףľһľȻѾŮкˣҲûٻؼңֱ뿪ȥԼĶѻ͡
򿪻ľҵţһֱű͵ˣһ죬ȻѰŵƲһȥ
ãӣǽҪչһܵߣҽָŶ
ӹ죬İ˵ҲѾϰ߾ᱻʱչһʱ䣬Բûпޱʲôġ
緹ϲʲôأଷС⡢ɡ˾ԣҾʳķζġ
һڿˮĶϲʳֻǻľղУֻ⡢ˮ棬Щˡ⣬Ե⡣ں˵ҪĴɱȻ㡣
¶ϡı飬ߣһӣʹߣҲϹȻǻóȥءոջľҲһǮ㹻ʱʳˡ
ɸɾһͨ˵õĸףȻܻ׼Ĳϡ˼ܹҪĵͽ۵Ȳ϶ȥ
ӺٳţҪ˵ʶ·Ӷ
ΪʲôôϲأӵС֣Ժʡ
ӵͷ۽ȴڹע·ˣΪԺΪһܻӭ˸ֵģڿʼб֮⣬ҶҪϰ߶ȻԺᱻ˿Χ¡
һ飬Ǻܸӵؽ˵뷨ôųΪ˸ְɡͨ粻һһѡˣ϶ÿ춼Σա
Ϊ˸ְȻػش𣬡˵˵ľҶʱ򣬸պְְֳȫòסˣ֮˵ģְ־͸ģһ·Ϊ˺ܶ鷳軳ңŸŰְֻľҶﶨ
ԺҲҪһ˸֣ȻְһߣҲСٸȥĴӶӡ
ӵսһ㡣⺢ʵַֻʽ廳ѾߵİɡԼʹľ뾭Ҫ壬ҲȫûһԹԡ
ʳĵ֮һҪõʳģֶֻսƷǡشӻصҡ
һ򵥵ˡóһС裬浽ۣҲһɣԺСҲԽء
ӸտʼҪܾԸδԼıһذСô
ŵϣ˵ͽۡСմȵȣҪǰǻһ𡣡
ΪһҪܴԸտʼԼ࣬ųˣռۣࡣ
ԼĶܻãͨʱӸߵۡ¹ӲſʼҪչ꽻ѵơ
㣬ҲߵĻҲҰְһ𣿡˯ǰͻȻʡ
ЦЦ˵ȻȻϵߺܳһءҪǷϵġ
ǿԸҴ΢еأӰСƿһ㣬ΪҿԳŶ
~Ӵ̫Сˣֻ裬еӵģŻǰİɣʱеˣһЩǲȫ
ŷķ绺ӣ¶ı飬ӣ֮ҽ㳪һ׺Ȥĸɡ
ķˣܾСĺӳ˵ĵӲ̫ʣأͯҪһ㣬Ժǲȥ˸ֻ֣Ҫ뵽ʱȤ£ʲô¶ĵ΢Ц                        
лҪ˵ĵһСü

ʮ 

˯֮, Ҳҵɳ£˯¹ĸоö, ȻеԼ˳, һҹ
ϵͳ, Ҫ졣Ȼһ𳪸裬ͱز, ׸ֻԭ, ܱǹħԸȾء
Ȼ˵ϵͳĵûãѾˡ˵׼ĴﵽݳʱҲᱻ
, ݳ, ʵְ뵽ͷƤ顣Ǹһ, Ǳ߱ϾִзĽͨϢʽҲ㹻ģӰȴȫսΪɫʵ磬ҪǸһǧ˵ݳỹ, һǾһСҵȫ˿ˡ
ͻȻ뵽Ыһһ飬ϵͳ, ֻǴȷҹսһΪУȻս״̬, ٻʽ񽵷ҵˣȻ°ˡСӣҿݳᣬ𣿡
ϵͳֱΪԶˣĬ˺þãüᶨش𣺡УһҾлսڶʽˣñ˲ġرݳᣬɡ
֪Ҳ롣˸ҲСӣŸ֣Ŵ裬ʵҲûܰǸ룬˵Ҳ˳ˣ´ǵ߰һ𣬳˼տʼһΣҲǵĴ̽սˡҪȵһᣬɳԸɺȵֱӴһʦǱء
ϵͳɲֱ۵뷨ҪŬһ̣ѶȺܴ󣬵ǽܷŶףɹôôգ
һое䣬Ǻǣú˵ֵֹĵطѧֵֹı﷽ʽ
ϵͳίسĬˣ۲ԭı֣õѧ˺þãžÿԺúʹˣû뵽ͷһϵͳһ춼Ҫˡ
ڶһԱ֮װԼó죬ϣ㿴ʲôڽ㳪׸֮ǰһһɣȤŶ
죬֮ǰµҲŽ棬֪ʲôԭΪһ塣
ննն࡭ħԵĸ洫һ±Ƶضôֵĸŵһ
ܿͱ׸ˡ
ӵҽſʼأŸĽබȣܿöҲˣ˷
ǣӻԾһûЧǲ̫ͷһ㣿ӣӣӳ޷԰Σ˲
ڣ˦иĵһ鲥ˣϽص졣
еδĸоƺһ飬ѧһ£ⶫģӵĴһ㷴ӦҲ
ѧ׸裬òãӵתעԼ
۾صͷҪڰְֻؼǰѧŶ볪ְ
˦иУҲ죬ѧɲһ׵¡Ϊ׸Ľƫˣѧ࣬üǸʣԲеˡҲûʲôڻţҲĪȥżʱȰַֹСӰɡ
ϲ裬ÿ춼ظѧҽ٣ҪΪǲøʣѧԼˡ
ӣһһ߳òãӳԼû跿裬ӳ˦иʵ̫ɰˣһһ߻ŴУһ߳˦и衣
ӳ׳ĴУһҲô͸ŽදţӻӴоͿˡ
ǿȥ𣿡ϵǣͻȻҪ󣬡ԺҪΪֵĻڴǰأҾҺϲ׸裬ҲϽøϲ㣬һĴǰɣȻôôõĸأ
ģȻż
ԼεؿЦ˵һǴǣһ󵨵뷨֣ʾ﷢սĻսٿһݳᣬսˣ
ۣЦţҪôĻҲһûսźأְ־ͲΣˡ
ÿδսʼߵĲ̺̣ʵϲµ̡Ǹ˵Ļ⣬δǳ̽ս̫࣬ڲȥע£ʹֻǿƬʱһξҲúѹ֡
˵սпݳᵹģ˺ܾãݳֻеĴ̽սʱֹ߰ˣĳһû£һ׵ġң˵Ϊȥ׸裬ңܸǶһ㻺ʱء                        
лҪ˵һĳ˳

ʮ  

һ˵İĵط, 벻ͻı䡣
Ӵŵ¥棬һкܶ·Ӱæ, óصĲʵƴ, Ҫǫ̃Ч
Ҫ𣿡ǡѾкܶ˱, һ뵽Ҫڹ質裬ͷš
Сһ, εس̾һ, 㣬ǲеİǵĲôҪڴǰ, ܱ֪, ܵӭӶȥ
ֻ۾Ƥ, ôһ˲оӻһֻ޴ĶħЦѺס̨мߣΧǶħһ, Цſ̳
ˣȥˣر۾, ڵϵĴУվһţΪ׳Өݽг, ֮ǰϰ赸ʱٻÿʽһֻӨݿΪѣС
ӨݽеѹӢıˣɸһĴС
ʵ赸Ҫõеĵط࣬貽ֲ򵥣ֻѧһ࣬ȫظˡ貽㲥ٺ͹㳡ĽһԼһڼʲôһڱǰݣǿҵܸ߳о͸ͣ
СӣСӨݿССģʵҲһһ˷ֱվӵ̨࣬гһ㡣
죬ȻѴв䣬ںóʼơ
˦иǰĻŵ΢΢۾װԼΧ۵ˣ˵ˣҲֻͣһʱ䣬뿪ˣһú˭Ҳ֪ʲô߳ܵ
ҵǧӣ赸ʵ˦и軹߳ܵġͣŸɴԼĺܿȶˡ
˴ֿʼֵĽ࿪ʼӴĲʵƴЧܺãΧĵƹЧɹΧȺڵɴ൱ܶǴײˣԹԵس赸УӺϳ
úû⡣ţͻȻԼǩٻţҪǽʱһСİѺٻˣʷǲزסˡ˵ҪҵڻӰĻĻ֪ʲôأ
뵽ѾչҪ˦еʱˣʱֻж̶̲ʮ룬ȴ赸ʱӨݼһѳͬĴУʹ˦
ܾܵ¶Ⱥһ㣬Ҳ֪ǲӨ̫ʹﵽˡĦȡЧ
ΪεıݸÿȹӨҲƤг˵⣬˸ŽСתһȦʱȹԵرŮɰ
оҲͦģ΢е̬ءܵΧձûȣԼܿмŮģǵ貽Ҳظű£͵Ծˡһ׸ʱΧ۵ѾĿյضռˣ̨һ顣
ף̨һ˭
պһΣĶ֮ͻȻﲻԡŲת͸ʵƵĵƹȥ죬ô⣿
ͻ״̼Ľ˵ʱҧͷ
Ҳסһֱŵˣһֱ̧һ°ûЦģ
ƽҶû¸ɣոպңҸ˵һ£͹ˡ
ñ죬Ҳû⡣оѾһŽȴڻʲôʱˡ뵽Ǿ䡰һǾ˶ˡ
ԭĻһ̲ס̳ӣƱ׵ĻˣȻһ裬Ҹôֳ֮Σ𣬼ߵȣ
Ө˿ֿ˿Ŷһһȭͷģ˵Ȼȥɣеƽϲĳأ
ȵȣʲô˼ãȻؿӨݣȴεطѾذٹˣѴľ˳ȥԼռǾĺλá
кõĹز𣿡еسǰΧ۵˶Ҫɢˣֱ˸ס˽Ųһת۾ʹŮҲһ
ƽһԼ·ûдѺƤԳɱȽϵ֮⣬Ȳûô߹⡣ƽˣ˼ͻȻᵽ˱ĵطҪħβҲͬʱֳ֣֪Щǻ᲻ֱѪ
ûпеƣ֪ΪʲôͻȻ˼ΪĺܲΪ߶һߡ
Ǹǻȥ˵ɡǣɵ㶵ӣеȻȥ쿪ʼҪٽߵDܹ˵ܰŻʦ磬ôAҲǿԵġ
ӻһ죬һصҾòУȰϴϴ˯ˣʱ
Ǳ߲һһˣźߵߣŴ˵ʹˡáԼӵİݡϵͳ²˵ܺĴԽɳô˵أұҲһ磬Ҫռһ֮ǰҵǼſһĶҪڸ硣
ĻŲȷʵ鷳룬ȻʽСֵֹĶҲռҪ𣿡                        
лҪ˵Ǹo

ʮ  ȥ߿߰

ܾشκθйص⡣
㲻Ҫ, ⲻ˴СôҪʲô, Ҿ͵Űֱ׳˵еơ, һ, 㰲Ŷڲ¡Ȼ, һĵĻ, һŰѴ칷ٻ㡮áá桯ģ
Xƽ治ˡвȻԵƽЧÿ˵Ҫ칷, ƽͰˡ
ѲɹĻᴵòǵСȹȹɵöԴ칷Ʒ˻, SSRûǵǶǡ, ٻʽɡ´Ⱦ͵ðѺҶأȻǱ߻᲻˺ҶȻž칷ɣ֪ʲôȻеƶ˼ɵ
ڶǻľش, ӻӻ֣ʾԺ󻹿һ, Ȼȥ
쵽֮ĵشźȥһһ棬һԸˡ
͵òϽȡ׬, ȼԽߵ񣬸ıԽ࣬һSĻƾ͹һˡ˵Ļƣ󲿷D񶼲壬ʮD֮󣬾ܿʼCˣʱϵѹٺܶء
극ָֻӲʱ񣬿ˢ
ؿǣǴŽ񡢼¼񡢵ǼȵȣһжرˡҲҲҪʲôɵġ
ĻЦЦ̿ż򵥣ʵҲǾʱķչܱأͬвͬ淽ʽԷչҲһһжʵľϢϢأʦĹʽûô׸ıġ
Ȼ֪һ㣬ֻǸпһ°ˡ
ÿгͬʽæֻ޶еơӨݡùá㾫ĸ֮䣬ҲԼٻʽ̫࣬ǵļɵǵļӣ֪һ£һֻһʽæ
ӵİǲǵúôֵģֻ֪˺ͬ磬ҴʵǿĻߣΪһ˴Ư񣬺ֱһѻ𶼸ˣˮ㱻ոɣǼˮ߹޸һ£ű˺ӴٵΣ
ˡÿ챻ӵζҲܣ뱻ľҶ߲㻳ɣտʼCʱ򣬲ûмѡ·;ңԶģľҶܽģ⼸ҲаԶԶţֱһ֮ǳжľҶ޲ͼ֮ŷ˼ӡ
ʱĳֵͣǶʶˡ
ɣ𣿡ֵЦŶкľҶѾȫָǰӣ¼Ӱ˳Ҳúöˣڵ¼ѾŽBŶʵôǿӦûİɣ
BҲǻ̡һ̵ˮ׼ȥ϶ҲţһӦˣ԰æԼҲǿʽ񣬾Ө˵ڶʮˣǸʵص͹ĴСֻҪһϵӰߣаպúӻ
ʲôƼ֪ģںȱǮǱԽߵԽãȻ¸¿ܽˡ
ֵǹЦûϵģʹ𣬻Ӱ֪ôŬ񣬿϶ͨһ£иʱǮ
ΪֲļʱҲţֵߵĻؿһЩǲѹЦרĹ𷢷ߴһݸ˵˵ߵB棬ıߵȼˡ
Ҫʲô򿪾ῴһۡ
ǻ֮ίеģ֪Ūһƫ˵µƤҩԴﵽЧίҵһߣĻ֮кܶࡣΪд֮ĴţܻΣգͱΪBˡ
۾Ȼ֪֮ζҲڡľҶһ£ҲżææµµСӣһ仰ûϣʮСǿǻѵȥȻ˭ûл졣
ʷʧܵĴԽˡ
Ȼص֮ʱҲûʲôƣǾȥ߿߰ɣ˵ֵܼ̫ءţؽ
ľӣ쿪ʼҪʼˣλʱ䲻ȷԻľҪŵʱҾͲܰæ
ľЦ˵˵ʱ鷳ˡȻ֪ȥʲô񣬵ϣעⰲȫף˳Ļ¸¾ܰѷ⽻Ӱ˰ɣ
¼ҪȫľҶˡΪľҶˣǸǿߣľҶǶеӡĻͻ˵ǸãϷŮɣ
Ҳû˭ˣԽ߳ȻΪ⡣

ʮһ  ҵ

Ϊ˸س, Ȼѡеơ
ƽ㣬㲻ĵƤ𣿡СɵĵƸϻбƸеƸػһ䣺, ֵĴ塢ͷ̫ࡣҿɲ˿ȵŮˣ
ʶһۺĸʹ, ȻͱȥĿˮǺˡ
ڵذƫһߡΪ˵Ʈڿл, Ժǽ̤ʵصǰߣֻٶȿ, ԸƮŵеƺǼŵǷϵ, ʽƾɣҲǿ˵Ĺȥġ
ðɣʵ̫ˡ
;羰Ҳ, ˧Ů, Ҳȥ񣬶һ˵Ĵ, һ棬ЩطʳͦóԵģӺͿζȥԺԼû¿
˰£ڵ֮
Ǹߴĺ̫ע, ˶Ĵ󣬼ʹջе, ·ҲʮۣȻСţҲױǹע߿ߡ
Ҳһ, ֮ǰ·ϱſûʲôᶼ֮ˣҪ͵һ㣬ʡ¡һСԭ͸㣬Ѿ̻ӨٻŰɣһʲô£Ҳұ仯ˡ
˵꣬ͱһССġë׵ĶӡꡢĻ壬ųĶͳβͣɫëϡܿؼȼȴӰĿɰԡ
۶ҪðۺˣһѱССĺҸֿյѡ֢˵ںʲôأСɰСС֣Сħ
צһƣͣ㣬߾Ϳˣ
ŲҪأǿȥŶҺ߿϶ᱻעģΪߵ˲డ˵߰ɣһɰĳƺҺ˵ϲħֳ֡ƺȡһеǳơ
񽫡ʽ˵ܱ˸֣ʵһֳϰɡΪĵױص뷨ôϣһǳƣ⣬Ϊ֮֮һ
ε̾˿¶һ㡱ı顣۾ģ̾
ʣǣӵʱҾͺСˣ㿴ͷк챦ʯһͼڣϻһȦɫġΧǻ𣬺ɫıأͽСɣ
һԼܳӨĬĬ˼һҲ뱻ȡһǽС̾Ͳˣ
ӨݵС֣ʼȥ˶ĵطϢС족ͷϣһ޿ģ޺ϣӽڵľݵ㡣
￴찡ȻԻӰ˽ڶ˶гֹĳʱǻеӡģǵĿĵء
ʱӦûˣûȥϾԵǧŮ̫ȥհһֵ˻Ӱ֮Ҳ̫˷ˡҪΪ˿ĵܣȻԼ࣬Ҳﶼߡ
ʽӨݻƤ𣬱ϾСƤ鷳㵽ҿʲôɽ֮ĵطϻҡҪ˷Ŷһбܲˣصٹȥɣ
ƤظشܿˡΪһֻྫ飬ҶĹʽûܱȵùġȻ˲ãƤƨƨߵشܻˣƤƤ˵ͣСצָָ
ˣƤлл㣡ΪƤôޣҵں̾͸ʽӨΪӽ˶ĿʱӨƺˣɲǸǵġ
Өݵļ򣬶˵֮󣬾ͰļܵȼȥɡʮżܿÿʽֻҪŻſϾ߲ûãֻʱĽУֻһʽˣŻܡ
ӨѹӢֽ˽Ϊµһܵʽ񣬿˵ǳԽRSRSSRȼĽޣĴڵõϿɣRʽԸ
֪Өݵ뷨һҡļ򣬴Өʦİ԰Լﰡŵ㣬Ҫû㡮һ½˵⣬УǿҪ¡
ڴĶǰ˼һᣬװԼżȻġĻͿԴҡڴȥ˱ֵĳԾһ㣬̽յľͿˡ
ڱŲšӨݵѹӢӦǲܵģԼˡ
ʱӦ㼤ֲŶͷͳϵͳṩ죬ѡ񲥷ǧӣ׸ĸȻ߰ģеģرʺҪµİ
һ˳ŵصȥη󻯸䷴սҡ֭еģصǽƺˡ
һ·ߣһ·ѭ׸裬Ϊ֤Ǻ棬ȫԼҲȫƵ·ǽӨˣѸٽӽݵλá
ݵĳ£´ˡȻûٻһ߳棬ҲΪ࣬˲࣬Ҳ߶Ҷɱߣö֮кܶڶȥʵ߶
ɵǰߵʱһ߿ʼۣ

ʮ Ⱥ

˭ҩʦһ߳, ˡ
ӣȻ춼, ֱ׳ز˵в, Ҳضҷֵ, Ҫռ޹Ա鷳, лл
ҩʦ챻Ц, ۾ҪȴѹѹһƬ, Ȼߡ
һﲻǴ˵˽ŮɣĵײƵز뷨, ҡҡͷԴô̬, ҪСӣҲֻϸֲһ.¡Լ
öе֣Ҳɻһ֮ۡǰһǰߣûעǺͷ, һֱź󷽣βǰҡҡȥġΪڸ䱸, ȫûеġ
ҵ谡տʼ۹һɨȥΪֻǹ߰Ժģһ, ŷǾȻȺһһ㣬ּᶨǰζšΪɫɫ߾Ӷ࣬ԵǺɫһƬ
ҪǺԭ״̬϶㵽ȥںǸյĳյͷϿءҲ֪Ϊʲôôֵ趨ʱʮָ䣬СģԸҲ̰һ緶ҲûС
ҩʦɲ뱻Ⱥ߲ϣ֪ʲôͷҲ뱩¶սԾͽǣĶôԸ
ǧӣһβˡʱȺͻȻסͻȻһӲǣ֪ԼΪʲôһȺͬһ𣬲ಢûȺӵϰߣȺ֮УȻҪһս
ǧӣˡȺһ£ոƴĽŸжʱʧָζ
Ϊ˶Աȣע⵽ȺζнУͺ֮ȺľȤġ
ҩʦȻҲע⵽ķ²ֲˣŸҲõһ鷳ҪԴԴϵߵǾ鷳ˡֲȺߣȻԸȺ档
С죬˵ҿŲһ𣿡ȻеֻĶǷֿԿס֮󣬾뵽ﴵӿߵĽɫˡǰ۹ء
˸ۣβһɨӶˡжҪ˼СԼͼֱֳǸҵĲԴЩࡣ
ô˵ôطеƺġҾͲˣҿҪΪ˸ᡯŮǵôС¶㲻ߣ
һԼԭֺ泪䡣ڵȻöʣϲǰ泪ܾء
ɽզ·ϣŲ۰ĳ͵һУۿݴǣŲŶŲNŶ©N
̲סͷȥһֿ񾭲
ͷð亹Ϊ֮ʵţոչ԰ˣγܶȺܸߵĸ֮󣬷Ӧڶûˡ
ڳһСθʱǺŲȺߵģԼŴ󻯣šȥ˰ɡҲΪı֣һͣˡ
˻˻ȺûиζǼٻеҩʦǰ˹
ãȻؿԼȺˣԻ˹ȥĵĴ˼Ƥ񣬵ЩҪҪǣȺ߾ȻָҲ̫˰ɣҾ룬Ȼͬʱһ嶼ûеĸʣҲУ
ŵس죬пɵĿˮ¶һƳһҲڳԾ״̬У̺죬ߵĿˮˡ
ȺǷ񹥻ҩʦʱۼؿһֻߡ
죡ǸǰߣץǵˣԼĳٶȿ϶죬̾
ٴܽȺҪҧʱһűƷĿޱ䵽ߡһ£ҩʦûͰץˡ
Ȼ֪Ҫְ߸ʲôҩʦ۾˵ǣǲЩȫ뿪һֻߣ
ͷۣ΢еڸտʼôˣǮǮҶΪҲ⣬ȻˣҴǲǮǮ
νػصϣ˸ۣȻʼצӡӨڽضš
ʲôĻòҪĶˡ뷨ӨԺһ٣
ӨݳȵѹӢ߸ԾûӦʱ򣬺ݺݵػͶ֮Ƕε档
ȡȵȣɴ۾Ļġɣ
δ˵꣬ɽڲʼѵسסӨݣǸˣϽ
ҩʦҲûˣڴ軹ˣûԼҲʹϽȥܳȥĻᱻѹסģʱͲðҳˡߣֶһȥȻͱŴڵķȥˡ
ۼֿȥѰߵŸһ񱼡ҲҿֱߴģȥҲֱܡ
۽ǵᣬƵţˣעǿֵ۷ˣҰѴľݵ㵷һҪһҿĵ̣ôңҶҪٺӣ

ʮ  ѡһ

ֵ߳ľҶ, ư˴ϳӻˡ
ϰƺԼôе, ȷȫ֮, ְڳһҲεı, źȥùϢһ£С, ҪҪҲϴ裿Ŷ, ˣҺ񿴼ѰŪˣôû
Ƴһ, ³һŰƤ, ˵ѵҪһֱһ߸һ·类ˣҲֻҪƤ, Ҹˡ
˼ؿһۺͣԥ죬̲סһǸС찡, ҪȥˢɣȻҾûͦϧģҧƤô, ζӦҲá
žԾݺһƣȻݺݵϴԡ䣬ռײˡֱڶ˵ҪٴζľҶʱ, ɢϴԡ㲨ζ˱ӷᡣ
տʼǺһֱζʵǾôˡϲͷϻ߼ϣëɢζĵֱǿ꣬þҲŵζһʵܵĽʹ˷һ߸·һרԺϴķ磬÷ϵζķȥ
ͻȻ뵽һ⣬֪ǲΪѬˣӿʼ˼룬һϲһôôˣôҲܲ˵Ũζָ黹ܼ𣿡
һ·϶κģֱľҶԼңеָ
ôǰBˡ쵽ڻӰĵһʴǮڽµķ⣬ҿ΢һˡһо¡
ϵͳϵͳ˵õأ룬⼸δԽûһȥģ뵽ûܼﻹе㲻ģ㿴ɣö˧ѵһˣһ۶û
ϵͳԿԡҪɻӰ񣬲ܿ𣿡
ǲһڲǻе𣿷ҲܣҪǲҼգҾͣвϵͳʲôֻûʲô˵ģ˼ֲˣҲûֳʲôӵӣȫöԸˡ
ϵͳ̬ȣṩ顣ҪĻҸ飬һֱȥһδ裬ƾԼȥֱӸǧңԴϵͳһһӰϡ
ӰϣһͦӴϱôôǵһĺֱӵסʲôģ
ϵͳֱӴϵͳ棬Լ
ףôôˣһڶ࣡ϵͳʱһĿʱƵ׼أע⵽ԼĽҶ˺öࡣ
ϵͳˬؽ˵һ£֮ǰ趨ҽʱûй涨õķ˿˻Ƕ㲥ǧӣ˳һߡҪԼ裬˿Ҳֿڳ䣬ɹָʾˣΪġԲзۡҲò֮ǰ˵㷢ŽĽҡһ䣬ĿΪ޴©ڻӰ֮ǰҶٴˣ
~Цᣬڳϵͳ©ζ뵱ʦϷҲһЩ©ʵ֮ʵеϧԼûռšʹռ˵Ҷܵ˳ͷ˵ģҵһϷ©Ҵлʵһ΢ˬеġ
ûм˵£֪þգҪϵͳ취Ҿ鷳ˡ
ǧһӰϣ᲻̫˵㣿ֹţȺ㿪Ƶļ顣ĶʮСʱճȫϢܺġġϴԡȫ¼Ƭ
͵͵һڴͷĺȻͰ͵ϵͳ˵ǧƵôܰѺģƵŪַ˽֪𣿣
ϵͳЩ治ô˽⣬ĥأΪʲôƵû⣬ľַ˽ˡ
ȣҪƵ
ûϵͳףˬ˾
ϵͳҪԴĻʱͷ϶Ҫˣ㲻뿴ƵΪʲôģ
ֱ׳˵ĻҲҪǧ
ҲӦİϵͳ벻ֽͨذѺƵ֮еǧˣʱĺȥʰΪʲôA뿴BģлῴʱȴѡȥߵCʵ¼Ƶ
ȷϹʼ֮ȴûȡ
С찡ȥûµҪɣڹۿˮѾõƬ֮ǰҪƽԱ߲СŲԸúʦأҪ취æûʱעС
˸ǷСС֮󣬾ͲôԸˡ˵ҪϢ𣿲ȻвסĻҲνЩǺܼ򵥵顣
ҵúæһ£æʱͿ԰ƵˡȻеԲס˼ңǺ˵񽫶ϴֻǺ񽫵ϴԡʽѣûĿͷأ
æׯڵȸһ۾񣬡ˣ
Сƺϲȸһ¹ڳľܸṩĸʱ䣬ֱ
ȷҴ֮űۣȷȡǸʼôص㿪Ƶ
Ҫɱ㰡˵ϵͳҵǧ򻹸ңϵͳƭϵͳ컹ѪǮ
һãȻܵߣ֪ΪɶͻȻ衣ͻȻðһЩ̱ǵ㲨ζζʮϤ͸ľҶǰסǸʱõ㲨һ˵Ǹ㲨е㻳أϴ֮ë˳˺ö࣬ζ̫һ㡣

ʮ һŮ

, ҽҪȥУұŶҪ
һζ, Ҳ˽ѧУ, ˼ѧϰ, ǳŻľ壬ʼʵ˸롣ҲΪ, ӿʼܶϲ, ľҶٰʲôͻȥݡ
УĿѧΪ, ҲΪһĺ, Ȼصӭ±ݵΡ
һеҪƺܾöˡӵͷ, ЦЩǸ⣬ѾӵԼˣҪϵͳ϶˵ƽǲ£ζһߡ
ľҶͻᱻ˹ܸЩ, ֻȡһڵ񣬶, ôڼ䣬ҪΪԼ׼
û߳ɣճľҶã˵ӳˡ
ôˣסŵ, ȵʡ
Ҳǻľѣ֪ӹϵãġץץͷ൱꣬Ҳ㲻巢ʲôĵ׼ݣǽ̨֮ȴͻȻˡܻҺͰڰοò˵ˣһͬѧǽһ£ʱʧˣû취ݺܱǸ
˵ˣǷֱ˳ȥˣ̨֮һӡֵ̨ܿϣ˱ݣû˷Ǽٵģ
üôֳļҳӦҲ߰Ǳ߱ģܿʲôŶԡ˵һɣ
¹־͹ߺ޺޵սȭͷԼ˵һǸٵȴһģһ裬ȫûαװ˼˸ʲôĶûģӱˡߵĶĻһСҲ̫ˣ
Լ˵뷨ҿе˼·ˣߣǻȥҵǸٵӡ
սߣʣҪռֿ𣿡ΪҲʶĹ֮һı鲢ûкܻţͲ³ˡ
ͷϽϻľҶ档鴦õĻӿܻԳӰ
СƵĲǿ϶ģΪʲôһӣҪȷһߵõ˿ƣҶǵҲ˵͸Ǹ˾һ
صľҶ֮ȥһӡ⺢ӱеҪǿ֪ڰҺϣȡԼ֮󣬺ܿ찲ĵеĸ׺壬ʾǣԼѾѹˣæǸٻһоܻع졣
ǾͰˡľмض˵Ǽܵ˺ܶİʱҲ벻Ļֻܰݶ
Ϊ˵¿һֶ֣԰лľѴҵ֮ͿʼԽ¡
˼һСʱ֮沢ûб߲룬ֻǡơƺ͡衱ƽһˣһӵģһӵһڳ衪ͻȻԼʵû˭ȷһʼջǸأ
衯һĻһʲô취շأеԵĸо˭ӵɫȷʵҵһõģҲû취Գ
šӡתȦȦԶǺ棬շʲôҪ𣬴ǲͺˣ
𣬲ôֱ۽ǳ˳飬Ҳſһ֣ƻһ㣬ȽºͣҪУӵŻᱻָٹ
ôƷӵתȥǸ⡣
ԼʧȥȤСܼԾϣƻ˵ĻͲǵɣ˵Ǹ㲻ǾʲôŸ𣿡
ô˵ҲǻȻصس˳ĳ䣬˵лС죡ȡʼ˦и衣
ΪһɫʮȿɰȻӲħӵ͵س죬ѳͳ˻շͬľ֮ӣҪħȣֻҪӴƣץסǣȻǩշˡ
֮ƵӣɵǰȻԸˡ
ֻʣˡƶǹԵģȻҪԼ㶨ǣе鷳Ͼٻʽ
ӡޱضһáΪҲҪˣû뵽ùƾȻóģ
ĥĥצӣͻȻе㲻ˬ
ͷеãȻͺϲϲΪʲô
ؿһģһԼɾǸϣŪɶأȫ㲻ʲôֲǣշ˺üſˣһҲįĲ𣿿Ͷһʱء
ƿʼעȫϣͻȻ˵ܼįҲûϵˣֻһڼ·ϵİ˵ϲġ
һȥžһצӣͻһſƬڵϡſƵЩⶼշˣǿȥǽˣȻ͸Ͻȥɣ㲻˵ʱܼ𣿡
ŶһӲڿǩȻȥӽѾˣ˿ͣ뿪ľҶʱĹ֣û˵һ仰

ʮ  ᵹʱ

Ĵ̽ս, ͸պûڻӰ֮ڵʱˣƴһĿ, Ҳ̫ˡ
ûΪʲôһҪٰһ, ϰ, ȷյ̨ص㡣ʱȷʵе, ˵֧ȥ, ȻԼһСұҳʲôģÿ˶е㰮ãе, ͵ûֺˡ
Ӧþʮβðĵط, Ƕֳ˺þãŻλ, Ὺʼ裬һ˾סʮβʱ򣬶Լ취ʱѹסʱ򡣡棬Դϴα˵Ǿ仰֮ϾͺЦ, ʱҲ֪ʲô
С, ⡣
ڵʯӣ֣ɻ̧ͷ
Ǹһررõĺ, ڱúֻ֣Ͷãϲķʽȥӽǰӡˣͷ˵飬͵ûʲôɡ
ȷʵһ㶼ûĹȥ̫˽⣬֪йܲľΪ˲ףԥ˺þãղžʲô׷ʣֻǻصļϣɵͷ
Ǻ̫ˣԭһֱں˼ƽ΢۾Щˡ
Ϣһɡϣɸߴģְᱧһֻּḧͷоһ㡣
ѾЩû˯ˣ§Ĳӣܿ˯ߡֻεûһЩ߰ĶֻеůĹâΧþ˱谮С
ˣȥ֮󣬾Ҫ취Ǽһţ˯һ֮˲תںϲ䣬Ȼűŵϡ
֪˵ʲôؿһֱۣСģԾͷſ¡
ٺЦųβͣҲûнոͨʲôҪȫ׼ݳˣûз˿ǾǿƳ˶ĳϣؿɣ
һһǿƽһţšԼеʹʲôսԡĿǰϵ㾫ˮǰľһ϶άҰǿȸ㾫ˣٰһ㡣
˵ܣӨݳŵȼ֮󣬻ܵϴͻȻ⣬ҲǼԺܺõˣ֮Ͱ¸ˡ
ɴȺӨݺ㾫ļܶˡ㾫ֻҪˮȺι㾫żܿȫĿ꼼ˣͽʡԴŰӨݰѼܶˡ
û뵽ΪһԳSSRңлʽʱ򣬾ȻѡRҵӨݻȥٴٻǼ㾫
С죬Ҫȷ㾫ܿסǿܰæ𣿡Ȼһʮβǿܰеǿˡ
ָ񽫵ӣؿ㾫˵ʵʽˣеơͯӡľͯӸоֵƻǿľ¾Ҳˣ벻ͨǣΪʲôеƺ;̣ѡ˿С㾫
ߵ㾫󣬸˵ǵŶֻסǿֻҪͣͷܾͿˡ
㾫ԹԵͷ̶׼˵ĺһˮͺѱʹǣҲûжʲôֿϲ֮󣬻εߣСĵǣһ֡
ЦŸ㾫֣˵࣬ȻԺ˵ԼжһҪܻ飬ȻԴɡ
ˮôסҡ뷨ӳһߣػˮݵڱϡ
ϵǣˮһ˶ûС
̶ֳȵĻҪǿһǧ˲ݻһ㾫ܸӦԼˮݵı仯ʵʱ˵
һ׵۵Ļںг͡Ҳ㾫ĻܾҪԼܰݴ飬ͻᶪƵġ
ûסڱߴ˸Դ֮󣬻ͨˮʧˡ 
㾫˹죬ˮ
סȵȣҵжһ£ոպһɶ˺סĶӴһӶо޴ϾҪʱʮβס㾫Ҫʮι̲С
ǸǶж󰡣㾫ضָԽܵԽСҲֻܷųһǧ״СݣҾһСʯӵһܲס
ͣᡣû˽ذϣ㾫ϣ˵嶯ûк³
һС̬ܹȥοûµģİ취
һӣôսʱݳᣬϵͳҲжҶž顭ڿֻܵȴսʤͺ֮󣬲ܿݳˡ
֪ΪʲôǺȷδһʱᷢʲôʹҲҪֶͨܶβһԤԡЩҪֻ֪Ǹܺõˣһʲô£͹ˡ

ʮ  Ŀ

ɴȥ, ȷ֮ҲûٻľҶȡˡϢ, ĿǰľҶѾ, սһֱս, սٳʶ˶ʲô뷨Ҫ
ϧټ, ϣһ˳˳ضȹɡ֮, ԻӰҲûжΪ֪Լܿͻ뿪ЩҲֻǵͷ֮ˡ
ϵͳʣµĵ߶ҲȱҡȻǸӵǧҲûҪ, ֻҪϵͳ֮, ЩǮǹˡ
ڵȴʱշһšơ
ϵͳ, ģɱ˵ӱ𣿡ڴսʱڰʱˣȴͻȻеԥû취Ĵ, ǣҾʧ, һϢ֪һá
ʼӳ֮˵ٰݳ飬ϣܸһ𳪡ڿ϶û취Ӵ, Լ仯ӣϳˣȥ֮Ҳ֪˵ǳݳᡣ
ϵͳ̫ô԰ûش
ˣɡʱһֱںһġ衱˵ǵӵȻû취ȫƣģ¸Ҳԡ͸ǵһںһӵ󳪸衢ݡ
ǰһ뵽ÿֻſƵ衢һĻǲġ
ϵͳҲԻ̾ˣһΡ
ȻĻټӼưɣ˳㿴սս￴̫ˣ䲻ðֳӦĸ裬սеĶ԰ɣ
ϵͳŵΡ
°ͣûĻ裬ǣҲǷֻҪƮƮĸоˣȻһҪʹûƣԼ任Сһ㣬һгȻأƿӰɹⰵ任ĸоʱƴˣǾʱ뿪Ӱɡ
ϵͳԶԣ˽ʵòϣǰеĿƶˡ˵˰һΡ
ɵʱõϵͳɣٿԼļʱȻֶöλʹ԰пƶŽȥ
ʲôӣս̫ǵǴ඼ϢʱͻȻӣڲӣļڰɣ
ļܱȫſɴѽҲˣѵһƽĵȻԼűӵľһ̨ϡ
ǧӣİӡŲͬɫͬȹװСӣ߳ӦȻʦ磬ʵĳˣ㿴ߡ
һĪֻľҶ֪ʲô衣
ⲻǸܿɰŮĸǴӵǸһԼͬ顣
һ߻ӦǽӰɡ˵ģһСŮоеǸﳪ裿
ľҲ棬ϳǸӡ𣿡֪ΪʲôִԺҲ˵ԤСԥ˺þãûߵ̨λãһΪˣҲϣš
ڻӰŽ꣬µĿ񻶡Ѿв˱մ飬ʼкá֮ǰһֱӷĸսɵʱǲžԼˣַֻȺСûбע⡣
ǧӣ飬ڶʱû˵ҲŻĳ¶ЦݣͻȻеǵĸоˡˣơ
ƿʼӰԶĺоԼӿֳһɲԼһâƵӰϣ̨Ч
Ȼָ񽫵ģ֣渡ֳһſƣӡдܵİʮֻŵڹâʮ֡ûлͷΪպʱ̫Ʋ㣬Ͷµ⣬⡢ߵЧϣ̨ĳеɾһ
ǧӣĵڶݳѡ񲥷˦и衣ֳʵкܶ߶赸Դѧ׸֮£ʼľҶĸֳϱݣ׸趼ܻӭƷÿݳкܶ˿һһ
Ȼ˸һںơЦۣرݳԼҲû뵽ǣڶǰݣȴûһ߳ܵĸоúܣΪ֣ܵԼҲúҸ
ȥ֮۰ôôԸţֱcosɳ¥³裬ķСڼҲһֱϵƵϢȻûһȫԸټˣ˵Ϊഺڳ˺ܶ࣬ͱլŮҲԸżˡع֮һֱðİ˹ķùˣǲ
˦иðȫĺڰͬʱҲãֳ˶˯ߡ
ϵͳ߰ɡϵͳж֮󣬾Ϳ׼ԽˡΪǰţϵͳҲǰ˴ԽλãһˣϾͿ뿪
ٴ壬һۣٻùãѾ̤һɫС֪ѾȥˣҲĬȥٴʱѾصϢ硣
ߺ󣬻Ӱʼһ˵ģΪսϲΪй͵һݡݽ֮˶ԭ˯ˣһһȻ顣
˦иǧӣʼڻӰ

ʮ ۵

, ڻˡûŷ䵽ϣϺï硣һһͣô, Ѿѧ˲˲ཻ, һ, ˲Ϊʧѹɡ
Ϊʦж֣һ˻, ǵĹùһ·ɹȥġùõٶȱеƿ, ȵſڣŰʽлеƣԼе
ؿһϵв, װʲô֪, źԳΣš
ʱǰ, ֮ǰҵĺͷ֮šԽѾ࣬ûһ仯Ҳ֪ǲϵͳʲôҲãȻ߱, ȥ֪ôء
ôŰ˵, ʵֿʱ䲢￴ĵһǺһ㻹ܾϲ
Цͷ˵֪Ҫˡ
˼İɡ뵽һ, ЦˣʹеƵĵƸںߡеơરһ죬ǶŮһ
ͱóСӣһļϣʼµˡ
һպҪȥʹԴȥӦöԻʹܺɣξ͸ȥ
ʹɵŶ뿴𣿴λͺѵأΪҲûȥλΪ̷󳼵ʦˣƽʱֺ㣬ʱȥġ
۾е㻨ĸ㲻һ㣬εʱ򰲾缦ô־ô໰ˣԭһ仰˵飬˵һ졣
УȥȻʽܼܲһˣҶ뿪ˣˡƽ𣿼ôС϶ǲǵˡ
ʱʹҩμȫָǸȤĹģüûһ㰧ˡ
뿪Ŀðζؿ˺һۣ֪ǺΪ֮ǰı壬Ȼ̬ˣ˵Ѿȫŷ˰ɡδܼ̳еһأЩΪҲһܺõʦ
Ʋͷ
ûֵܵգڵ£ӹȲһڣ˵˵ҪȥʹҿԸȥ𣿲ҲǿŶҸպÿڼ㼪ƽ档˵ƽӦѧˣ֪ǵҲ
ҡСֽȣȫûҪһ빬ĽŸУûȥ󳼴ҪһΪ˵ûʱ䣬Ȼڽˡ
ڼƽûʸѧϰأ⼸ҲڼѧļԺܺãܺܿ챳ȻǵӴʱʲôʱء
˵ĶӶɸɶһԴЩǺܿĵġȷ촩ʿ֮ˮе˵һỰʹźȥҼƽˡֶӦһֱڼƽߣպðջذٹ֣Ƥİ࣬úϢһʱ䡣
ֶ̣ӦĽӽǰƽ˵£ߵƽǰʱ̾ʹСܳĽĿ⿴
ƽͷŰֹ꣬Ϊܳ죬Ȼ̵ĺܺãֻǹûʲôʱˣˡ
̣ôȥôðֶ˵û飬ҪˡΪǿ²ûʲôСʽ񣬶Ǹߴ񽫣ССһֶֻ治һȥֻ̫żһֶڵֶҪ飬Ҫƽѧϰලߣʵˡ
ֶ壬˵ǱǸΪҲһڻû뵽ôáˣȥú˯һɣƤ
Ƥ𱻾еĺˣһͼĲУ˼ȦʾȥС棬ɵĳ
֮أáֳһ͸ˮźӸ˵ʼôηһˣ뿪ĵľǺǣҺûǶȹͯ꣬ȻҲȤɡ
һˣô˵ҿǻĵİ
ЦЦ֮ٴʧˡϾ꣬ܳʱӴϢ
ȺѼʽ񶼷ųһᣬ̳ʱͻȻ˵Ȼ񣬽Ӧٻɡ
ȡٻҶϵؽϻȻ͵һ۴ľȻɫܲáʽڲĶԹʦòκ͡
һʼŷʵһֱǶٻġȻαϾʽ񣬻Ǻܵʧܣɾ̵ĲȥԲŷ˵ϴء
ٻʽ񣿡Цã֪Ϊʲô߾к׵ĻٻɡǺϵġ
˳óٻεȻ񣬳ʮٻ֮⣬ǿǿʮԼܼʮ꣬ʮżܿٻһʽڼҿţʽҲһ䱩ÿֻٻʽ񣬵ЩʽĲˣŻٻ¸ʽ
١ߡĳһ˵һٻ滭һƬҶ˺ҶӦٳҵǰɡ
ɫâһǿҵĺһڶһƬƬɫķҶ˿֪ӦǺҶҪˡ
̼սȭͷ۾һգգضŷҶƮԴͷҶڵȵˡ
ҵҲϲҰֲҡžǾ̵ʵдˡҶš֮衱Ƥȴּ죬ȫ̵ĳ飬Ҳˣֱֱ߹ȥˡ
һĻֻԺһ𣬡԰ֲϷҶҲҪĻǸԼŪһУ

ʮ ʽ

̿Ŀ˵Ƕð, ȻӰ첻Ҷ
Ҷ΢ƣߵãȻ, Сض˵, , ūĽܾˡ֪ܼū⻻װء
ٻһ, ϵͳڳʽ, ̺ʹľһ߽˰ٹ֣һżƽƤҲʧˡе˳
ؿеһۣͼӴ˵ʲô, Ȼ뵽ϵͳ˵SSRʽ, ֻҪǼûȥͻȫٻǵʦһ, ֻҪҶԶһ㣬ȻԶǾûˡ
Ҷذٹȥ˵еΣҪٲʲô, ̬֪ʲôֵķչˡ
ҶмظԼķβ
ȿȣеƳһ, ˵㿴һݡ
ҲΪҶԺأϵͳ棬ʼ鿴ٻĺҶϡǣһΪٻǵӨֻǸ, û뵽ǣȻǼSR
ϵͳǲֱӰʽǼóİôⶼٻǣǵʽˣܾ¶е֣һ˵ϵͳӦϸƸǼʽĳ𣬲ȻﻹǿʦϷ棬ܳ鵽Ǽǣϵͳȴȫûơܾճ˼趨ûһ
ϵͳԶԣίͰ͵ر˳Ĭ
ô㶨Ҷأˡ
ʦŮ֪о鿨ι顣ҶԴһ˿ߵĺɫ˵ȴһ㶼СŮˣֱǸŰ͵㡣
ʶ䣬ȻӦϵͳأҲûߣһһתһʽľҪٶЩ鿨ɶżõģɲķֳһ󲿷ָҶ˵ˣ˭ֳ֪֮ʲô۶
ҶȸʮôȻһλãʱҲˡ⾭鿨治࣬㿴ĵƽ㡢ľ̲ûҪôľ鿨ЩʽҶˡ
Ҷеһۣ˵ҲеûɷǿʽҶؿһۣ촽΢˵ˣұ㹻ǿˣߵġ
Ǻǡջ˺Ҷȴǿҵ²ڱĺ𣿺ңĺҶһ˼Ҳ԰Ҳ˺ֻǸߣϻʽġ
Ƴһۣһ򵭶ϾȻЩȡ
ȡһҲû뵽Ǹ⣬Ժ󲻻µģҡ
Ϊ֤Լٴͳһٻٻʽ񣬶ԱȳҶֻǸ
١ߡ
һ䣬̻ɫâٶȳһڶһɫë䵽ϣʰɴ۾ɣѵѾŷ³ɵĳ̶ȣ칷ëܵģ
еƮ˺ԶʽΪٻʽܺ棬󲿷ʽˡ
ϣ˴칷һϤġ˺ܶεĴ칷ǰ
ΪԷһȿһʽϣִ칷ֻǳ֮󣬷һSSRͲǺ׳ҪһǣǹƸ鷳
칷áλ񰡣Ⱦ̻ߴľҪݣһеֶҪλһ½
칷ͷ˿ʧҡҡͷȺʽ֮ǰһϮϮϮϮ
ȵȣ칷ʲô֪⣬ѵٻʽ񻹻ϷһЩ趨Դ칷һ͹ߵ
еյһѹסȹڣѽ칷̫ɶˣ
ЩŮʽȫˡ죬ԵؿһĻ칷ר÷Ϯ˼ӵȹڣ񹴳Ķ̣һûһʽˡ⧵סȥɫ
쵰ȸ§һɫڳһȻһǴǳȹǴ칷Ůȹӵľٶڳʿǡص̫ҲŭԼһƣȸվһȻ칷һˡ
ڳʦ֪òֹ
˿칷ֿ˿յеƣԼȲˣùӳԵͷʡǱˡ
칷׵رջ˰ٹ֡Լʽһ㣬ΪҲʽƺǿҪǴˣ˵ᱻ
ߣеƻǺ֪ʲôһ࣬һġΪΪ칷߹Ͱο֣ȰҲܵѵˣողҲõƸþ𣿱ĵȼԶͣ۸ˡ
ȰƺûȰλеشŴԽԽþԸܻذٹ֣ͽһԴ򶷺ǽ塣
ᣬңǲʺٻʽ㿴ǰʽ񲻶ͦõô
˵̫ȻᱻҲ벻ͨ칷Ϊʲô⸱С¶Ѿˣ˵ģֻܸ
е㻰˵Ҳ̫ãǱ˳Ĭ
ҡֽȣʽеԼĸҲ޿ɺǵģʮÿ˵ԸϲҲͬءƺǲϲȷǵһۣ߻ˡ
̾ˣڵ.̺֮ǰҾͲǳˡ˵ţ˵ڶȥʹʱ䣬ͻԼȥˡ                        
лҪ˵ҪʼˡԽԽ䣬һ㶼Űϣοȥ

ʮ  ֮

ӹʵĳŮ, ʮ꣬˵⽫ĳ󳼵ӡ
δһȥʹ, Ϊλӹ
, 㲻˵ʲôϲʦôλʦǵ̸ʱ˵һ, ʦ֮ӲùΪҲǡ
, ˵ҪѹúܵͲС˵ǹ, ̫ҽ޲ߣʦ
ӹʮ꣬ӦѪ㡢ɫġֻ, Сĵ͵һ֮, ɫŵˡһƬ԰ףе㷺, Ȼѵģȫһ֮˵ı
Ҳζһ²ڵ£ʼѯʹĽ˲Ը˵һⶼŮش
ҪûԼҲȾϷ纮Ů֪ʦݲ, ҽ⴫Ͱǰ˵, ǰЩӹһֱﻨúãһ͡
Ѿ꣬ѡ, Թÿθ涼СġҲǳŹٰĻŸͻֻɫͻ䣬ֳٳûԼ˶Դ˰յķ磬һ͵ˡ
ͷһ㣬ƣ⹫ǸȾ纮˼˰
Ů۵ؿһ۹Ҿ֪Ǹʲôˡ빫ʶѾãǰŶԹ⣬ȴͻȻʧȥϵûмһţҪ΢ĹһĻҲĲسˡ
̾һǸȾ纮Ϊ˼أֱˣŲֻ̫ҽƵķ纮ҩЧȴܽùʹ⡣
ʦϵͳڴʱ飬Ϊӹһػꡣעʹʮ񽫵ͷΪ˱֤Ҫ񽫲֪ǰ£ÿλ񽫵ͷռ󣬽ͷϵͳӳʹӵ껤
¾鷳ˡôİ˵ĸ⣬һǸɵģһһⰮǸʲô壬ʲôأĶˡ
˵ô룬ȴúܣźע⣬ʹϰë
ϣ˦һβͣﳶҵëʹˣ
ذѺ⼸ëյϵͳȻ˵Ҿֶһ£ֲǹġ
ţʾͺ֡
ϵ֮ϵɫûˣֻʣĲ԰סŮϲؿת䣬Ϊǵþˣл
ȱŸˣϲûЦݣĲҪ취ⰡȻŮһԹеĶ
ŮɫһӿˡҪа취ϵҲˡʹڲʱǿд˼ţС͸裬Ǳߵ˾ˣҲ֪Ƿʲô
ֱؼ֮ǰûٴηԡ
λĲòˣɱġƺ˵ʲôǼʱض˻תͣǸǸС٣ȻΡŻˣΪޣϸλһôôСͻȻʵĳĳ佫ȥ֮أȴԭΪ
û뵽ձŴҲ£ʵΪֹŮɴ˸Զˡ˼ǣʵѾ޷ٻؾ˰ɣɹ֪£һΪԼˣܻĻؼ޸ʰŵķ̫ˡ
﹫ʲôػ֪֮󣬻Ƕ֮ġ
ǻõġ֮ԸػҪֹлԹ󻹿ܻữԹϵͳε񣬡԰ջءʹԭ磬Ҳ˵ġ
ûӦ飬̰ĺֶֻ֪ʹػţȴûһ취еܡ
ܸİһϢȷԷǷ񻹰ʹְԹؼ޸ˣʲôء
ͷڻʼң׵ܲ鶼ġʲλµʲô취ء
ǰǻȨ硣ʦһУλ˵㡣
ԼܼɡС죬ͻȻжߣܱܲȥһ°
صһۣ˼ԾҲ̫˰ɡҲûʲô͵ƺˡ
ոܵʱϵͳ˵˱ֹۣٿù΢һ㣬ûȥ飬˵еͷҪǲעʱʮֻкߣΪ֮ǰëѾˣû뵽СŪĲͷֻٿһˡ
еƣҷɸߵ㡣еƽгĵƸ˷ɵƽӵĸ߶ȡ
üͿˣ
žסۼֿһѣΪֵ̫̫һСƣǰ涼óһС׵ˡ
ϱĳ
״ãҲǹģҪ£˲ܸͣȻЧˡúŭûôԺܿܽԼ䣬Ҫ㵽ųš
ԼͺһС飬ε˷䡣ȻҪŵĻ͵Լ㿪˰ɡ

ʮ 

һ¹ȥ, ˺ͷ֣ȫû취֡
, , һȥ, ׬šƽǿֻǸٶ࣬Ҳް
Ҳɥû, һȲ, һһţǶû취Ծúͦϰߵġ
ι, ôôû, ҵʱɲģǻ㼸ҪС۸, 𣿷Ҳûʲô£ǳȥҼС棿
Ҫ죬ֲʽˢԼĵȼҲɶѾûҪԼȥҹˡ
һֱǷҲû, ź˺һᣬúƤë, Ŵߣȥȥ
¹ȻҪһ°Ȼǵƽϵ, ôа취õ񽫵ͷ
Ҫ˵һ¡һ鷿뿪żɽ˵ˡһǻʽŵģôһ˵ȳȥһ¡
ԼػЩѹͲô¶棬æڻĻ㳶˼񽫵ͷҲᱻ񽫷ġ
˵󣬳˼һ˵ͷ۶˻˵ǺҪĶ㣬а취ñ˲ܴȡ˺ǵĽ𣿡ʦ˵һͷԺһˡ
ûǹֻϵͳ
ûµġ֮Ҫʮ˵ͷΪǵУһ壬ǵศɣࡣɹˣϵͳʩһ֮ᱣ񽫵ǱЩͷϵͲˡ
ϵͳô˵ͷˡ
ҲʾģȻôһܶ꣬Ȼ԰æ
ֻҲ̫ܰˡһӽλ񽫵Ļᣬÿõһλ񽫵ͷͻǽԷǸ񽫡ڱģҪԼȥˡ
ЦۣȻˣܰô㹻лл㣬
˵İæȻͺðˡ֮ǰڲϢûȥ̫Ѻı֤ͿԾȥëˡ
һȰһ䣬ǳ鴤ţû뵽ҪͷҪһͷͺһĻʹæ˵Ҳʽ棬ǵĺġ
ͷʱһֱûٱΣҲ֪ͷû
Ҫ֤һγеѰֻ˳һξ͸ˡϴγһҲȷʵǹˣԺעһ㣬弸;
̫ѺҪĿꡣպҪ㺢棬װЦһ񽫵ͷ˵š˳ȴһ㲻һ̫ѵͷ͵ˡ
װ޹ӣҸոϸûзֲţͷͷϣСľͳˡ
˵⻰ʱͷҲϡվ̫ѾϹǸ˳ְҲˡ
ΪǹģովﲻСĲ˼ͷһͰͷϣҲ޿ɺǵ¡
Ϳһϵв̫Ѻȫûһ㻳ɣɵÿʼ񽫵ˡҲúŪɡŶ̫ҲӦ񽫾ûô۸ˡ
ϲϲռϵķ֮һӦҲˡ̫ͷֱȥֻ񽫣ᡣ
а׻ȸһϡ¡߸˵ġ
ʽҲæлġ
׻϶Ϻˣ˵ʱ£ϴ汣һʱ䣬;ҵҵظߡǶеģҺǵͷԽ˺ЩӣǺԼֳͷ
ߣʲô񽫵ĹϵĲ̫ã֮̾İˡ׻Ҳüϲľٶ
ϽȥѺһ湻ǺģСͣŲͷϳͷǸԲúæġΪʲôæ͵ģԲ𣬶Բ𡣡
λ񽫶ûʲôУȻô˵ˣֻǵ˺һᣬȥˡ
ȲҪ¡ллҶռ֮󣬻˵׵ġ
ȸһԼŪˣΪȸĸϵãĺٴΰȸ˵Ļһ㣬һĲŻδ񽫴ܣֻԼˡ
µͷǺæȡģΪһܡеͷڱ˲֪ͻȻȥ˹£ʱ˯䲻سͷΪһŮˣŹءʹѣеļܸôҪ
ۣллǣû뵽Чô죬ôһ飿
ס죬͵Ц
һۣѹͷݸֱ֮Сӡͷë̲һȻǱӰ쵽ˡ
ֻյأҡֽȣԸһףҿɲҪʱլôȥȡͷҪԼˡյġ˿ֿ˿ˣ߻ɡϣͷӲҪǺޡ

ʮһ  

Ǽ, ׽ӱͲܳΪѡϴκ㱻ȫ, Ҫ, ƽᱻˡ֮, θϣƺ
Ըⱻ, ûʲô˺, Ҳа취ƸǿԸסġ
ߣʲô˯, ҵȻӭ
ָ񽫵ģ, ֱʵⱻᣬҪǵû취ԼŪͷ, Ųء
ľԺǿҸɽӽа취ͷ˿϶ҪȴٳɡţҲó, ֱָ˵֮ǰù˵Щʲô, Ҷ˵а취Ҳƣ㻹ੲݣȰ·ӡˡǴһ, ҲʹûҪˣԺͱ졣
⻰˵ģͦˡ
أҲǼӵˣֱӳ˺ìϡ
ڰ͵̾һԱߵе㲻ʣûֻҪʮ񽫵ͷú˵ҲûҪ
ĲСڽһ䣬ںһҲãȥɡ̾Ϊ񽫴ܡ
Ȼ׽ʵģԼʹη壬ûбֳһ㲻ϲûȥ˺˭ΪСӺ͸ɴԶԶܿǣȴ˵ԼẢӡ
һ񽫣ȴǰȡϺͰ׻ͷȡ˹µģȫǰĸԣΪκһ񽫣Ը˺ˣҲǱ񽫸
˵սоͷȥʱ򡭡ȥӣԶ뿪ʱأдһЩǳõ񽫵ϿɣҲǵĸԺ˽⣬Ǳ˶ǵĺС£Ѿ˱ˡ
Լ˻𽫵ֻɵìսԼˣҲֻʹ˴һҹ
ƽ㣬ôⰡ۾ϰһ𴲾ͿСߣͻȻе⣬еӦ
еͷȥŪͷˡ
֪Ժĵأ˺ܳʱ䣬һֱǴԼֵģǲϣΪ¸û뵽ʲôû˵ԼȥˡУҵȥֹǣ
ůͶͥԺһһֱۣϣ̧ͷϿһһӰţȻء
һ
һ£ûȥΪǸܴˣҪֳʲôĻһµóԭ
Ϊˣ΢еżҪûɹԺзˡ
ͣ˺ֱۣûͷɵĿУݺݳһСͷ
ŻŵܹȥסĺĴȣứˣҪû˵ҪæҪˣ
һĻɻؿҲˣû뵽ΪǼͷԸһ񽫵˿ûô׻ָ
еͷ³Ŀɲ٣ΪһץͷȽϷɢͷϲûͺһССһͺˡ
Ǿ񽫵̫ߴԵ˵أ̱Сӣ̧˵ǰȸ㿴ֻһС˿ڰˣŪɴҰһ¡
Өݣ֮⣡ݺݵصһۺ㲻˵ԺˣҪǸ˵Ļ㡢˺֮ǰͲ˵
״ˣ汻ŵˣллɸȴھκͺ¡ߺûϵΪ˶ҪҪĻ˵
յͷҲֳǲ֪ΪζĬԼӦʲôԺԹҲáηҲáҲãɢࡣ
ʲôһҲΪ̶Ȱ̫ºص̲֮ס͸̸ˣ֣ʵȥҲԵİɣĻʹˣܿġ
䱧أ˵ʵ뿴ʲô취㶨ɣϲЦҲû뵽߻֡Ǹˣ֮ǰڿܿġ
ô붼νˣҺӨݵԺЧźֿʼСģȴĲ
Ҫ̫ˡ˵ֲáе㲻ԼˣԺǻŶԶϲѾһеĴڣʼһֱһ뷨أ
ͷϣôˣ𣿱ƤģŲǼһ￳һء˵㶫ˣôʼ˵Ŷڲ͵ĻܺܿľֱԹˡ
ߣ㻹ûԼҲ˵ˣھҪң
΢侲һ£Ǻһֱתתȥģҳһࡣ㡭ո˵˲˵ǰѵĻȥˣɫ죬ֱŭֵ㡣
ԴƺȻصȥżۣѽ汿ûôģСͿ̶ء٣ǼͷɫһൽһоѿҪ͸ۣĶ
졢ӵһߣĳ䣬һһٵ˵˵ʲôģҾͰëɫȫȾɲʺ磡
ͷûһ£ĿơԾϣ˲ⲻڶ㿪ˣ᳤ŵŶ
Ϊʲôһ񽫿Ծֳе⣬ոСлɺģǺһϵĥĻ˸սе䡣

ʮ Խ

ɵ졣ػձõʱ, ȷʵʮֳªϵͳĸ, ҵͷɫһ, ˲ʺһɫ, ۼе᲻ͳȥˡ
ͷ, ֻûкġܾԼ˼, ŤŤʮֲˬػȥֲ֪ʲôֻöС췢
˦˦β, ЩˡﶢҲŰ
Ҫаװ׵ë, ʱĺһ˰ɡɫôڣ˹Ҳ
, С죬Ұ֮󣬹ƾҪȥˣҪҪҲȥĻҵǾٻ㡣
Ҫ뿪һʱ, 侲˼᲻, һһ붼뿪
Ӳӣ⸱̬ʲôǿɰģʲôأоϴǸͦȤġ
¸ȥ, Ҳϵͳϵؿˣȷܵػı֮󣬵ϾͿȥ硣֮ĵĸǻͷ֮
ȫְϲѪȻǸӣǲȤ汾Ķ˺ü飬ֻ֪ʲôƪ֮Ͳ֪ˡ
ҲǸȤءҪ˵˵趨Ҳ̫ˣó˵ֻظǸͬǿΪ磬ÿ춼սҲ顣
ҪȥĵطüϴڻӰ￴ʮβҪûڶĺԼ˵ıĻĶ֡ҪŹȥŷءŶδ֪ηҲۣ֮ȥԼҪš
¸鶨ˣ÷ƺͻƵҹǱ˻ʹĸӹ
뿪֮ǰһۿڵĹ̫ˣʵһûУȥʬʲôء
ӹŶװһС棬ԥ˺þãŴеһš
ּܸ𣿡ԵĻٸһ㰮ϣעز֮Ǽ൱ڱŵˣ֪ˡһŸ
񼲲ľ徻֮أɴˣʧԼΩԸã֮
дʲô飬ֻܸŵһ̵żϣƭɡԼĶˣһˣ̾͸һ硣ʹ֮ǰ͸мƽ˵뿪£Ƕϰˣûǰᡣ
ûʽʦ磬һǼƽͼˣʱ䶼ѧϰҲͬ飬ʽԽԽСΪǸΣ磬ʹϵͳ֤ΣգǲġеʱһʽҲʱŵġ
ϵͳĴԽصһؿˡʱһеĸ߿֮ϡ֮ԻϳһУΪֱҵźϡ
һӳﴫ׵
ոȥĨ˰ѺеҲ˳ùûеƵĵƸ˺£ҪɳƬ̲ܽأϵͳôרֵֹĵطԽǰǴԽͱ˷֣û˿ˣ׵ֵطҪûзʽ񣬻ûȵ񷢲أͻᱻˡ
ǴҲΪЩ׵ǡ׵һ㶼ڿеģҲаţж׹⣬֪ôġ
¹ûһֱɻۣŻеƴֻӸ߿зã춼ˣû׵֮ǵ
еͣе㲻ԡ
Ϊʲôһƣ뵽˵ϡյӰʱͱƶˣѲƣһӦЧƻƵĸ
ɴڿЪһᣬϵͳȡͷԼϸϸʱͷеֻ࣬ػʣµĶˣлСë
ƺڵ¼Ҫȴһ㶼æƵرһǻɫͰɫ֯Ϊ̫ϸԵʣͨĺһֻǹһ㡣
شϣʹ㺰æ
ϳͷɣסпϧȡ˰죬׵ȥˡһֱŲѥӦÿ
еɵһֱֹӺСӨһȭȥƶͦסǵúǸԸ˺ʽʱẰĿںˡ
ԴԼںǸˣʲô飬һӦԼʽʲôǺܲӦˡһ֮е㿪ġ
ӨȥжҪˣϧЦ˵Ȼٻ
еƷ˸ۣ²ۣӨݶֻ棬߹ɾչһˡǰֻҪؽͺãߵҲ֪Ҫòָܻ
֮ǰʹӦһٻָָ̾µ׹⣬˵ſƣһԹһ׵硣
ᣬŪȥʱûС
׺ԿƲ㱻ϵͳֲԣúѻˣܼһϢſơ
ͷ˵ǸǩǷŽϵͳϵͳ޸Ŀơſһշǿͷ׵֮Ǿʧˡ̫ע⣬ѡȽ䣬ӵߵ˵ĵط˵

ʮ õִ

һ֮, ̴ϵͳڳĵߡ֤ߣȾ
ϵͳо鲻, û
貵ıʯ嶫ÿ»һʯչ, Դǰ꿪ʼ, ֪ıʯ֮ǰղһٿűʯĻ, ͳͻᱻȡ취ṩ౦ʯ, ıʯչٿ
ϵͳԽԽˡ
겻ҲûгͷεѼʯҲʲô߳ܵĵطƽĵؽͰ統һ޴ξ, úһѡ
ʵ֤, ̫档
СǱ㲻ܽȥһƬɽ, һɽҰȤûߵɽأͱһԱˡƵֻ˲ܽ롣ʾ֤
ϵͳ򵽵ֻ֤֤
ϵͳֻ޶˳ԱĵطȤ, ûʲôģôõִհ
ν, Ҳһ֡Աȴ˶ǿֻӵûζͨ˵Ŀ顣
ϵͳ֮ǰû, ˸飺Ҫܲܵã
ؿһ۴ɽľɫȻʼѯԱ˿ҪȥĲμӣõ֤ˣٹ
ÿ˿Եĵص㶼ǹģҲ֪ġμӵĻҪ취Լռ鱨˵ǹһЩ档
ϵͳ棬Ϊ򵥣ϵͳֻṩߣһ֤һӦʯΪ˷ֹһʯҲû취μӱʯչŰϵġ´εĴԽص㱻ǰչڲ
ϵͳûִʧ󣬶˵ʵϵͳ󲿷Ȥĵطܾƽ룬һʲôġһأһĳвûʲô˼ҪôִոңҪôṩ˿Եĵص㣬Լȥһš
ƱۣϵͳƱۡ
ϵͳεѼϣĳЩ˵ȡ˿ԵϢѽɵ߰ڽ̵ꡣ
عˣȻϵͳѼ۸񶨵ƫߣⶫԶ᲻õġϵͳԣһҲˣ̾ͻ׬ҵ
պܸϽ˿ԡΣҴȥԡСȻҲܿɰϣԭߡ
棬ʶһţеֵػָΣĬظߡ
Ϊ˲ǻǵע⣬߳׵֮֮󣬾ջʽֻһǰ˿обŵģ뵽һ㣬û˵ĵطѾ̺ͺҶ˳
ҶԴӱٻ֮һֱڰٹٲҪǺˡҲʦѺҶŪѣʹϲҶҲϲȥ
ߣҶһһһ㶼˵Ǿ̸мؿһΪᣬΪһʵĴ֣һԼҶϦദģܰ¡
ٹеĴľض˵ôͻȻģǣԭΪ˰Ի顣ŲҪ飬ȥĺֵܾҪǴֵϣͶǸɶŮ˻ˣ
̺ںҶߣҶүᱣġ
Ҷмؿһ۾̣ڻֻǶѣ黹ûʮ
˺ˣҪгģ֮ԺҲԭġӨݿ̫޺ˣһޣһᣬʲôˡޣҵ˼ǿǣǳ඼ƣ״ǻȥ
ЩУֻкϷ֤ŪһҲа취ǰϼ֤
ϸڲһһ𣬵һĸ˵ԵصʱպǱֹһ졣
ֻſҶ𲻵ʦáһֱİ˽ӽ
ҪʲôִգΪ˽ɽ𣿡ΪʲôôֵĹ涨ȥһȻĵطȻҪݵ֤
۲ǣûģŻӦҲǣиִջ㣬ʳס涼иıЩȤĵطֻ˲ȥԼִհɣҲģãǾ͵͵ȥ
ûִգҲа취ÿƻʽ̤ءֻʵֿͦȤģôźһ˿Ҳһβľ
εĿԷΪһǿͽִµ¶ȻѲǡΪںҶ濴һˡ
ڶȺս˱ֵʮأÿֻˡͺһ𣬺Ҷ;һֻĸ߳
뿼ٱԡóĿ⣬ЭҪǲµ˲ǵļƻϲϱ仯ձ˳ԣǰĶٽˣһϳֱӰѿٴˣˣǻûѧ˵Ķ֡
᳤òԳһ˴̸̡Ҷ壬ǻ᳤ƺûǶˣΪǿء
ȻǶôǿ󣬽ĿҲؽˣ᳤ָõִպҪѧˣִգϣá
̵ؽӹûǸٶأҲ᳤֪ôжϳǶǿġִյ־ͺãͿȥˡ
ˣ᳤𣿡պִպʣȥ̽棬ûеͼʲôİǰȤĵطעֵͼ

ʮ  ʧԼ

˵Ľͨ߶ֶ, Ҳġ
ι, ˵ľʲôʱܵг, ҵһס֮, ҶʵܲˣԸذٹִ, Ҳ, ּ
ںҶʽ֮ǰ̸ϽѾƺ˵Ȯ˵, ʱ򿪹, ŮӦöϲЩɣҶ𣿡
ӵؿ˾һ, ȷʵ뻻ʽ񣬾˳ž̵ĻҶˡ
ṩֻҪ㹻򵥵ġ
Ѹٽ״̬ڻӰҲණ, ϲӡֻǵãշáǵʱ, жԴ˺ܿ־塣ԼеӡجǸŮ֮⣬һ̨Ĺ, ֵĺִܵһֱ˵ͣ
ģ䣬عҪɿ˼ӣЦôˣ
ϲЩƷĶ
԰شȻҺСʱ뿪磬ȥңԶӦмˣͼȫǽ𷢱۵֡ѧܶ꣬Ҫѧϰ
ڻɿһι˸оҸ𣿲ͬطϲͬĿζֻҪȣҸС
Ǻһγɿտʼζе֣ее𣬻һ㡢õ㡢Լ̲㣬ڿͣʱԽζһֻèɹ̫ͻȻҶ̻죬ϲڵϴȴϲط֣ӿţһ
ѾζɿԹֿܶζһԼϲġζ˺ܶν
뵽ЩįˡԴӻع֮󣬴Ӳڷ飬ȴͻȻߵĳ嶯
ڹѧʱǺ漸꣬ÿѧУϿΣΪֱ׼˿򣬲ϴε֮·ſһ㣬֮ǰҴ֣רĴµ㡣ǳõھ֪֮ҩˡҵʱѽʵҲңһʱ벻ͨӻ˹ҲûҲûϵˡ
ʵҵĵʦһֱϲ㣬Ҫʲô˵ʦҶһġ̫ҪǿˡҵʱаܱҵʦұҪıһǸǴΣһ֮󣬲ûȥʦڰҴ֮󣬴ѧУְ飬ҸһһԼСꡭ
˵⣬̲סỨܿһҸ¼ͥǵͻع˱һ
ķûʲôˡ
趨ʱ䵽ˣ֡һ졣һֽȥᣬǿ¶Ц˵ѾˣʲôûáֻúܶԲʦʱһĵˣΪصѧǿͬѣȴʱʲôû˵һܵˡҹȻܲ
ĵʦְ֮֮ҲΪһõѧֳʦļֵ֮ǿԼ꣬ǿ࣬Խظ˵˺öö󽱡ôѧһʦʱˡ
һ㣬ˡ޹ȱϯǳ缶ıĵʦѧУָ޴档
٣ʱȥ¶Ҳãʲô˳޹ʲĺáûȥǳֱÿڼһϵûеĹ˾Ͷӱʵ
æѿĵȡǰʱҶ;̶û˵
ȥĻȥĵʦúõǸɡ֪˵ʲôǸÿ궼еҲԼȥμһΣѽȻúø˽ʱΪʲôȱˡͲ˵ĵʦô˰ɣ
Ͼ鲻̫˽⣬Ǻĵ˰취ˡ
һܵˮ˵ҲеһȥͰյ⣬һƷȥʦǸɡ
Ҫ⣿ҶŵζѾеżˣţ˳ְǰĵһ㡣
סҶ֡ᵰ⻹ţѵģȡ˺ְֽѵƬȥˢһݮţ̽ŵľϾɵõƤסһ£ŷŵ׼õļϣһ߿ʼϽɿһ߻ش˵԰ȻҪ⣬Ȼ˶Լóģίû취
ɿһֱˮеĹ裬ȫһְԵÿ˵ıǿ
ˡҲ̲ס˿ڿˮĶ¾Ҳ
Ŀ̺ͺҶ֣ȵȣûءҪΡ
ͻȻⶫе棬˿⣬ɿѾʼˣû뵽ĶԱ̬Һٿɿǣеʣʲô⣿
̲ۡסЦˣǵǵƷֵһ֡ƷҲǱҪ֮һеıҪμ߱ʲôʧԼǸô򵥶ģûʲôƷҪƷǵС
ǳǣ財

ʮ µļƻ

貣е, ȫû취貸ϵһ𡣾˵Ȼɿй, ҲﲻĿЧɡ
ЦЦ, û̽͡, гһƬƬ֮ôԼųԡ
Ҷ˵кܶడ, ԵҲ, ˵ǵ⡣췽˵貣ֵҪأԪػһ, ֵõ϶֮, ζҲҪ㹻޲С
Լ˿ڵ⣬Լˮ׼ûô½˵ʵڿ֮, ҵĵһӦǱʯء
ʯһ˵ҾͶˡϸƷʯʯ챦ʯ̱ʯȵȣڵƹҫµʱõݾʡ
ʵĶס, ˣ˵, Ϊʯչṩ貵ıʯû취ڶ̶̰ҵıʯ財ġʯ
ҾˣһӣƷ˶ˣһҪе, ǻҪѼظԭϣɫޡζɿڵЩҪʯ⡯
ջع֮йʯȳʯЧǿ顢ɫءǽȵȣʵѣ觻ʲôʯֻҪõⱬһǾ浰⣬ҲʹõǽӲԭ
˱ʯ;浰뷨ѵ貾ȫˡջԵģҪ¹ǵĿζ
ȫְ˱Ǹѧ磬϶ҵħðʳġ
ĸЪһ죬̤ó̡еһδԭʼؽ磬˵кֲֵܶҲиָħޣǸĺܺõԭʼ
ɭĿǲľͷףҲź
˭һʯǡ
Ҫ£ȴҶˣӳһƬҶǿʯӱʱķҹȥ
ˣһͷŮָ˴Ҷغüˣò׵ȵ޳ʳһûأȴǵĶˣ
ܾŮе죬벻˭ҲܹǰǼú·ɭҲҵģȡˣҲԼû¿ңǶǱΪɱҰޡ
ҰޣӵŮ죬ñӵϵƬһֶʳģÿҲͰƬˣôͳɱҰˡ˵ˣ޲ҰޣħޡĻߺһء
һ˵ʳģ͵뵽һˣһʳֲ죬ԭǶֹﰡȷʵͷĳš
ЦǺǵظǸҲǹʳĵģû뵽Ѿˣûôע⶯Ȼʯӵģʵ㶫ֻðȫԼͷˣҸո룬ѲǴʳ
ƮһᣬϵŭɫһЩҲʳģû㣬µʳ𣿡
룬صӦòʳ˰ɡǶõִղãΪζƮĵ⣬ųѰҸʳĵġ
ǰʳ˵ĻӦ֪ܶʳİɣ˵ɫޡζȸʺƷʳġ
Լ̫ʱأҲ˸һ·
㲻˵㸺𲨲޵Ƭ𣿡һֵ˴һ߽Ҹոôȱܿ˰
ϱݺһţ߲Ȼ㿴ˣô˳ȡƬֵûطˣ
߲ͣͣͣίƿû˵Ұ˰ոտͷûеһƬҾܸˣȥ˼Ƭŵ㡣
ӹ߲Сֽε˵˾ԲȻﻹˣֹӰڳ߰ı飬ո˵ʲôţ
ƬɫҶƮ䣬Ҷе
һᳶһºҶӣȻЦŰѸոյظһ顣
Ŷ~֪ʳĵϢ°ͣҲʲôرҪĶΪõִգܲȷʵִտȥһЩרվҲʳ˵վ˺ֵֹܶʳءҰַɣȥҸĵطԼȥ飬Ȼʳô࣬ܶǡ
̬ȱȽϺãˬذæˡ
ַ֮ĳر˸лλʳ˺һֱһҲٰ˼ҵ飬ʹźȳȥȰҪҵʳкãȻԵȥռ

ʮ ໨ʯ

վϹȻ廨, ʲôС˺üʱ䣬ҵֵصڸʳġֻõõ
Ҫȥҵ໨ʯһֱˡȴɫƵʯͷ, ÿһ໨ʯ, ¶໨ʱ, ͳˡʯͷģɫĻʵһּ, Ҫ, ʳʯͷɳ໨ʯ涼¶໨ʱ˵ǳ죬ʵļѾʯͷܳԵĶԹ, Ҫʱ
ʳ˾Ҫҵʱ, ໨ʯȫ֮ǰĩ, پⱩɹܳΪʳĲϡ
˵һ໨ʯѾܱˣڹȥӦҵõɡصԣкҿʼж, ȥ˵Ƭϲϵ໨ʯ졣
ûע⵽, ӵķʱǰ
أ໨ʯ˵ֻڴɽֻװһѸ񣬴źɽߡ
ͣϢʱ򣬸ȴҰ޵ļ
һ, ǰȥҲǱħˣΪˣҪǰȥġ
Сߵ֮󣬲ŷָͨˣһֻħѾˣϻеףǱǹˡҸɶǣֻŶ
͵ߣжţͬʱҲϳֻȥħ޵ݣħ޽кޣĲͨ۾ΪֺΪŶȥǵצȴɫЩղؼҰѺ޵צӵɱʯһղأԲ͵԰ɡ
˸Ӱֻˡ
Ӧһֻޱ׽ˣΪ޶ȱһ飬аµ֤ÿ˰֮󣬶ҧ¶ԷϵһС飬ʾ޲ٴšҰ¾ԲöԷ뿪Լߡ
˳һѪŲϢҵ͵ǡȻһŻһɽиݵ㣬ͷˣʹǿԽ˺֮⣬Ⱥ˻Բϡħޡ
ǱˣԶԶʱɽһͻȻͬ󺰣ץסǣܷһ
ԼôֵģܸǸ˵йءɲȺˣ͵͵ĻµˣʵҲһ˶ӦˡպøһںҶǰչʾԼĻɣ̣
̸мؿһۣıĴƺ«
Ⱥ˹ȻǾ̵Ķ̵֣Ĺ«ÿһһ˵¡
Ҷظ˸ͷ֮裡
Ҷ£סе͵ǣǻûʲôӦЩ޺ĺҶ͵һȺ˾顣
įֹͣ˹«ĹҲΰǵ幥͵ģûȺܣʲô취ء
ƿۣûס¶Цݡ
ֻ׽ĺ޻ţƺʧȥµıС߽ɽԲҪһͺˡ޲ʧȥ¾ͻԾ֣Ҳұİˣֻ޻¶Űµʬ壬ֱԼ
ѺޱڻԼʲôһƺҪʲô䣬Ƕμȴһץţ岻ֻԼƺҲһӰﱧʲôһƬɫ
ֻ͵µĵطͷʽͷҲص뿪ˡԼʽ޷ʲôıǡ
ҶҲֻСһһֻһԶҳġ̿Ҷ鲻ãץסס
Ҷһ̷·ڿһɵӣȥ𣿡
ۡЦ־̸ľĻѣ˵ʲô粻˵ĬŻܵӣˣǸɵĳպľǸαʽպ
޵鲻ᣬһ죬˵ڶ磬ſе໨ʯĴʯͷ
ָʯͷ棬ûʲô໨һ㣬ҲûУҡҡͷ˵ǡǣȵ໨棬Ҳ֪Ҫˡ
ʧ̾˿
ι̸ΣҶ˵Ұҳ໨ʯأصǱ֮÷ҳ
еԥðɡ֮ǰûи˵ģʵѾӶ˰ôϲ㣬ΪʲôҪִֻһε
֮ǰϵͳȷϹٻʽ񣬶ʽûϵ˵ҶϷϲôִġ
ҶԸͣҪ
ðɣ㲻̫Ͼ㲢ûʲôøСŴɽִСʯͷҪһȷĻŷ壬ҵ໨ʯġ
ʱˡҶؿʼʹá֮衱ԽʯͷɵˣҶһ𷢶ʯͷһС㣬ȷЩʯͷû໨ʯˡ
ڵʮ֣㹻ҶʹΣÿӾܻظһߣڷһʯͷ໨ˡ
ӵҲڣƻܾҵ໨ʯɡ֮󣬾һֱţ໨ʯȫһ죬칫պ˳꣬ǿ鲻໨ʯͷˡ
ҵ໨ʯʱԶ໨ΪСôˡ
໨ʯĥһ㣬ȫ໨ˣ˵ʹܿҲҪսᡣĻʯĥȥֻʣ໨֣ڷǰ
̾ԼҪʲôУһ·ûʲôá
ʯͷҳɷĩɣ
ù«ʯͷҡҡͷԺĻˣһӦӨݲڣ֮УҲ;ʺˡ
̻һ¼⣬ŵվںҶߣʼù«ʯͷжʱƬƬʯۡҶסڱǣԶ˵㡣

ʮ ˮ

໨ʯĩ֮, þ̺ͺҶɹЩĩԼȥԶĵط, ҪҵкصĽˮ
ֱ̼ҪмˡҶڻȥܳķ, ûпİš
ǽˮֻпܲ, ˮΪʵһʳ, Ϊ߶Ϊʳʱ, ӵζϡ
źȺȥͭǰ˽һ£ûܷνĽˮͬĽˮζҲ, ˮ, ˵ˮ໨ʯϣɳζ
, Ȼ챦ʯڿ쵽ڶʱ۽ͻȻɨһĨɫ⡣ں챦ʯֳıɫ
ߵ챦ʯǰ¡ۣҪʵҲŻܿȻ챦ʯҶΪŬˡ
鱦ʯֻ¶һ, ʯͷиࡣһοȻʯȻ˼, ϵֻСܣذѱʯڳ
ɡҪʯͷָܼ񣬱Ƚʺڳ鱦ʯ
ůů, źظڱʯϴɵɵЦݡ
Ƚ鱦ʯڳȻ޳ΧЩʯһЦŰһᣬ챦ʯ
ĺ챦ʯһεıʯһһеǷֲһ𣬾ǻչЧ
ɫǷźأս鱦ʯ޵ϲ⡣
ϵͳ鱦ʯҿԴҵ𣿡
ԣĲϵͳδ˵꣬ĺ챦ʯ͵һ䣬һţѸٱһĶȥ
ˮΪˮԾ۳ɹ̬һšɫζţлвٸʱ򣬲Żֽˮ
ˮʱʱģſ֣ץסЩˮˮôܱץѹּзֽˮļ¼ôֵ࣬ȷֻмˡ
Ƴߣ赽ɫˮΧѡˮƺ»ֿʼۼŨССһţɢʯĹ
ְûʯͷкߡ
ô߰Աˮòסеͷۡ
ϵİ籣ֳʣΪΪҲЩסԣӦûʿ͸
ƺΪ̫ˣõϵʱ򣬸оźһںϢرŨǰҲúܽβ֪ΪʲôͻȻͺǿҵظ֪ںϢˡ
Ķͨ죬ǿװ侲ءšһæҵúİ籰סŽˮˮ˼£Ȼ겻
һҪʳľͶˡźһ·棬ֵֹħǣƵػص˾סĵط
̹ȻòºҶ
ȥ֮󣬾һįںȾơ
õˮôһˣҶأ
͹һڣƺ˰Īľ硣ɳɤ˵ôģͳȥǻˣȻɱǡ
治һ˻顣ѾǶˣʱܺҶ߷ййɣʡĻȥʲô顣
뱦ʯչֻˣڽҪǸоƺõĵܱʱʲôӡڱʯչղġʯʾ⣬ҪôȥһչҪôֹµչǰԼõĵѡ
ʱһȥҲ˼Σζ棬ҲΪ໨ʯͽˮļ룬˳ζͿڸСҶɲȥ£ҲҪԵƷ
ʯɽ⣬iǿաɽˮ۵ľ浰⣬˸Ȼʯǵ⣬ǣۼЩƷǾȱһʲô
Ǻܾޡܺóԣǣȱһܹ˲䱻ȾĶ
ҵⲻ𣿡ڴϣе㲻ȷ롣ʦ˵ͶԼǿҵĲƷȻõǿҵϿɡζ۶ˣȴûг֮ĸ顣
£ᰴĶͷȰ˯ɣǾѾ㹻ˡ
źþãԺ˯ȥ
ˡ
ҰһƬڰãƬڰǰУ֪˶ãһ⡣˳Ʈķߣ񿴼һɽһƬðˮĺˮ
ůȪ𣿡Խ߽Խܸܵǹů⡣ںˮ£ȥ̽ˮȻůġô̵ĺˮ
᲻ʲôʱһĿĺӺſۣ͸ָ뿴
һ޴ġġһΧûκαĶҶûУһ߰޵ʢš
ſ֣뿴ĸһ㣬ǺӰȴģ۾󡭡
ˡ۾ʱĴߣڵӴ⣬һ۾Ϳ
еزǶʵ̫ˣĶǡӦЩٶ۵شӴź֪ΪʲôúһϢоһ
Ϊһֱ߰ɡͷԣо˲ˡҲǸΣ룬貵ˡ

ʮ ҵ

ڶµ֮ǰ˿ظ, ʯչὫС
֮ǰѾʵɵĵһΣҪƷȴһλеҵ
ʱ, ֻܷԺͻɽľϸ, ѡЩû, һֻĺ߾Լе, ܰسֳ
ɽɿ顢ݮԼɫǽ, ֻ污ˢһǽʹɽ忴Ӳһ㡣þ浰ļģֻмһ϶, ڷɵĺ, Ҳķʱһ
ƺ֪Ҫ飬̺ͺҶֻԶԶ, ˵æ
ѻɽͺ涼֮󣬺ͻһüʲôҪĸоˡ
̡ҶǴ֮ǰЩʯ⣬ȥҿڶһŵͼȦڶҵĵַ, ŷꡣ
ʯչϾҪչʯϵͳûŷʯ, ܿڶӲܱʯ⣬ŷҲÿš
ںҶ;뿪󣬳ֻʣͺˡظڶʵĺ͸Ĵ, ƷһʵĽ⡣ξһ
룬Ҳ˯ҲΣ᲻εأ
˵Σ񽫵ʱҲֻǸ֣ͨͨǵԸΪֵʱҲΪۡˣҲϢʱ̫ԶˣͻϴΪʱȻҲᱻĥ
ǲһˣֻһһ˾أ̫ѨܾԼеļ䶼͵һ¡ʲôֳܸ̾ˣԺһ͵һһֹƽˡ
רĵŻ꣬ûע⵽ı仯
Ϊĺܴ󣬲Ϊ͵ԣֻȫܹ죬õĴǷҪѿػλͬĹͨ͸ȣһ㣬еĻꡣ
Ļǿĵģͷɫм͸
վ浰ԤĿ϶Сһǵ⣬Ϊĵߡ֮ŽеĻճڲڵ֧ͨĻճһ𡣻ʵĵģйͳգڽм˺ɫʳɫأ˵ӡʵģͷбĻУͿ֧סĵꡣ
һϺֿ֮ʼһ
껹죬ҪƺĺǡǽɫֱʯչῪʼ֮ǰһ̣Щ
Լȫŵʱڶķ꣬ͬʱҲıʯ⡣δֹĵ⣬ڶԭΪʯչϵµĿܡ
ıʯԼıʯ⣬ٴοıʯչңṩ֮󣬱ʯ⻹ڿǰĿǣһá
һ˭ô޵ĵӣû뵽ôᣡһӵչǰʱ򣬿ڶԳӭˡ
ڶĺܸмܴôıʯ⣬ھ֮ټظʦӰӵССıʯ⣬ЩͿܲô棬ǿֱչһʼóдĿǡ
ʱע⵽кܶضչġҵƷࡢõʱʢšҪ췽ϡ
һһƷʯûʲôϵҾչһ£ôָָ;̰æ̧ŵĴӡ
һ·ߵСûĵܵκ𵴡
ڶԭҪչǿʯģô˵ּ̧ô󣬺ܸӵذм̨ø
ϵ̨չ¶òʱڹͱʯ͡ٱʯǶۼˡ
ʲô̫ˣϻôĺɫ𣿡һ̳Եؿ̨룬˿̾ղصЩƷе͵ˡ
ɽʱ緢ӣȴһƬݵ߳ͻȴֱһĺгֻǱѡ
ϵĻ·컯ÿһƬ궼ǻģȴֺͨ͸ƺһ̾ڻȼС
ǵգ͸ĵɫǽ˿˿Чôţ·ʱƶһ
⻹С
ѾΧˣӻȡһɫСʣĽˮͻ뿪ⶫҪҲʧ˻ܿϧɾһξıݣȻڴȻɡ
ŵɡ
׽Ҳǻ𽫣ˮηֻУŲɢˮݡ
á֪ΪʲôҪôһǷǵĵ׳ģǵ뾵浰ĺɫвģΪǵıûоôΪ˿ЭͣڷǱһǡðѺĺںˡ㹻ĴΪʲôҪѽˮȥ
ʹףȻˡ°Žˮİ籣ŵ֮¡ǵ֮ϡ
ءˮƺԼ˼룬ڷǵϡǲ֮ǰȻ˴ƬˮͻȻˮһˮɫ翵ּԺΪˡ
һ̣еľƺˣؽ緢Ļɽжĺ桢ŵĻ
ɴ۾һ̣ÿǾԼʹȡΪҲӲйʲôϵ
ɫ¶ЦݡҪľˣеҵһ̲š

ʮ  ߴ

˵Ҳˡ
ͻʦ˸, ǵúЦһ¡
ϵͳͻȻ˵ԼлȥҲǿԵģҪһ𣿡
һȥȻҪһ, 붼û˾ϵġȹڡ, Ҫ˵, ϵͳȴ׵ͻȻ˴Խ
ȡϵͳһ̶ڸǡ˹עССҶ;ʧ, һ޴ĺڶͺ
, ˱һʱӦգû۽ɡץı۰, ŵһ, ϵͳô£ͻȻԽ, Ū⽵ص㡣ԺǲǶҪʼԽ
ϵͳһ٣ϵͳʱȴһԲΪˣҲûܡĶձĻɽͦ, ͱ˵ʿɽʲôģǡɽ緢, ҲӦС¼
һȦ뿪Ϸ֮üش𣺡ھ˵ھ˵Ѿձˡ
ǼҲ֤ʵһ㡣
, ǱߺдׯȥʡۼؿԶֵ̣ͦģɽ緢ˣôû߰
̾˿˵Ӧûлɽ緢ձĻɽܶ࣬Ļɽ緢ôӣЩɽһͰỤ̃ԼŰȻп̵ܹ۽ȪһȶĴڣΣգֻҪ־ܹܡ
ڴׯأĳȻƳˣǰʦ趨һҲû
Сĵׯߡ˵ŴһЩĴׯ⣬Ҫ⸽ûпĴڣҲׯ̽㲻屻ϵͳĶˣµλС
ϵͳỵ˰ɣﲻɱز뷨Ϊ֮ǰĹ˵ĶԽģȥͻǸطԼǵڻʹ￪˵˵ĴԽȴѵ˵ΪʹһԣԲŻ
ȻǣǴҵʻ˵
ͻȻһ£ʾһʯϿ
̧ͷһۣŵȥϰûˣԭʯϵĴʯ̨ϿءؿڣϸЩһۣúﲻԡ
֪Сӣкνʯ̨ͷһ̫̫ŻƷͷѾûһͷֻ˴㻨ƵͷΪ̫ˣԿ洩ʲô˵ķΡװҲвοԡ
ŴķΣ֣ܺҲῴװ磬տʼѧǵ⣬ƳŮͣԲЩ˽⡣Щվ̫̫Ůӣǵķ͡·ͣƴŮ¡
ͷֹϵͳ©Ҳ̫˰ɣƴǸʦ趨ʱһûǶĴԽұңԶġûһ˽ƳϣҲ̫˰ɣ
Ǹ̫̫Ůƺе㼱ˣ˵ʲôǱ̫̫ˡ
̫̫ͻȻͷǲϵ˵˰ҵΪ֮󣬵Ѿ¶ģΪҪĥأ
еͷԣʲôˣʲôΪʲô鷳ģ
һʳȺŵҲɻˡ
̫̫ΡΡ̧ͷʯ̨¿ֱ۾ʣ̷½ߵΪǵһ´ˣԽǾнһϣ
¼򣬳Щ˰ڰ֣˵ֻ·ģ˵ʲôûϵ
ȺĬ˺þãһµ֮⣬˶ʯ̨ɽС˵ǵĵط۷ѩÿÿҹҪʯ̨϶˸顣
һֻ̫̫ˡһȦ촽΢΢ţһǾ񰡣̫ˣ
ŲأЩ˶ĽͣŷҲһͦõ硣ˡʲôģȻС˵ŻдĶɡ
˵ԼǵʲôȻҪﱻͷһﲻˣȺ˾ȻнССһƬϣҲǺصĳͷˡ
̫̫֪귢ʲôԸ˵ĺǶǲ֪ʲôˣҪܵĴгֻҪǲҪÿҪĻͻήס
̫̫˼ˣ򵥵һȥǼԭҲ֮ˣֵܼ֪õϢ˵õ壬彻õ֮ˣܻôʹ͡
ɷ򣬻Щǵĸסǣɱһ֮ˡΪǸ֣ʱʧɱˡ
ֱѪ͸ħ֮һ֮˳ǡƴĶ½ħѹ¡ɱ໹иãͬΪ壬½յ¡Ϊĵģ½ɱˣŸĻᡣ
룺ĪǴԽл˰ɣͷеĸоʧȥҪļˣȻһ·ɡף˵˵ģ
޵ȶײаͻȻʶ⣬ϵͳ˵Ψʦת粻һܱ֤ľ԰ȫ
ҵؿ˺һۣʹǿĺҲû취ﰲȫػȥϵͳϵͳҹϽǻձȥ̫Σˣ˵õϵͳأ
ϵͳһֱû˵
ΪĸϵͳʧȥϵʱԺϤġһʼˡ
ת                        
лҪ˵¿ʼ64£ԭıΪ˸һЩ̵档
ϲСʹǿһܣȻٷ

ʮ ת

תҵ½, õת̨ϡ
ȫְ罱ѷ, Ʒܷһţɽʽʵ廯Ϊͨӣ, ס𡢷硢ˮԪط, һţӵص봫ݶĴҪ˵ĻﵽԷ, ɽһţɸͨ, ʹӵзе
ʼȺ󵽴ϵͳȻûпڣֻЩʼ, ֤ûϵͳʧȥϵ
еĴʯ΢΢һ, ֻҪǸϵͳʧ˾ͺáϵͳֵͦģô, Ȱ˵ɡ
Ǹţ˵Ǹ½İ̫̫˵ʱἰ½
̫̫Щؿһۣ㻹û˵Ǵءɲһܽĵط, ʲô֣ҵȰųȥ, Ǹ½ᷳˣ
Խ²˵һţͻȻһ˵ʦŵӣΪ̰ʦ߶, бĵõߣ½ʶҵʦɡ
С˵ô࣬ϹһӦòᱻƵġ
̫̫ȻסˡɵĶҪɵû뵽СǸծôҲһĺá
½ڽǺܳģԭѲ֪ڽǽһۣмʮꡣڼΰǶȹ˻ԶΪǸɡСҪĻֻҪɽ򶫱߳ȥĵһоǽǡʸˣ֪½ġ
ͷ̫̫˵ллˣ뿪ûʲôɷЩţ
ͨĻܾˡҪ
ջһɹͿȡѷɽˡϣ֮͸оԼһµϵСҲնС
Ȼ˰Ŀɽ뿪Ƿ׷׹͡汲Ȼѧˮƽֱͣ½ȫǣԸһֱߵĺ
ɲԼҷɣѷɽɳʴСȻɨһڷɽ棬޷ȵطСͱһٶȣߡ
ڷƬɽ֮ǰͻȻͷһۣƬ۽ƺʲôڻԾš
ۣƳɵһǰ£С˵ж趨һ㶼ǲ÷еġﻹ˽⣬Ͳ鷳ˡ
ǣûмŽȥ˸û˵ĵطѿܷˡ
еֵֹġ΢ͷźΪܷ԰ʽӣΪͨʵ廯ѣû뵽ʲôĶǵˡڵĺһ׾ŵӣͷȻе㷺죬ϱɫڸˣһҲһееͨ˰ˡ
Ҳ̫ӦԼȭͷԭǼָѱͨ˵ָ档ϵķҲƴƽͬ
һұȽˡע⵽·Լ·ﴩһףȻû¶ƤԸ롣Ҳ֪ΪʲôǸ˲ʲôԡ
ȻˣͲų˿ԿʽʱûԼʽȻʽȥ͵һӦȻ취ʲô˼Ҿͺˡ
ֱۣģ治ϰߡҲǷֹ˷㲻ôߣǽȥ
˸нһһȥͶӱ·̯˿ˣǸ㲻Ҫʲô£׷Զǡ
ܣȵȰסһСһˣҾһ⣬Զ½ģ֪ĵ𣿡
½СӶķһ㣬ҵõ˵ģܲʲô˰ɣĵڳϣǱߣȻɽǳɽ˳ܱһңҵϵʯף˳ߣһֱ߾ܵ½Ƕˡ
߿֮ǰСֲҪ½ҪԵֵģûԵ֣Ǹʯ׶Ҳ
֪ź뿪С磬лл㣡
ϵͳȥ½ˣܲ˰ɡ
ͺߵǸɽʱŴӰһãһʯ¶ģһüһʯһ·ϣ֪Ҫ߶òܼν½
ҸԶҲûɽж߰ôٵĽˣɽͷأ죬Ȼ۴лøã
ȥҶûңʯ׾ͳǰˣ˵ǸǸ½Եְɡ˵½ڵǹء
ûʹ÷ɽ˼ôʯף۷ȥĻܻᱻᡪʯĺ۰һʯ׶ߣһοֿ̫ˣǸƵرԻʯס
ţʱҿǺʲôһʵûô·Ѿˡ
סߵָұߵһŴ˵㿴αʹ󣬵µɫҲطвͬ滹һСˮݡӦòֵģѾˡ
ǹϵĳ徢ɢȥһʯϡߵ·ֻ֮һңǱһȦİɣȻôظ·һط
ֻڵϲˡڲŷʵĺ۰
ţʱһȵĽŲǶСƺ˴ˡ

ʮһ  з

һͷŮ
վ, ͸Ҷһ˫Сţ廨Ь, ȹҲǵɫƵ, ֻͷϺֵͷס, Ȼе͸˿񣬵Ǹе, Ҳ
ŮǰͣסŲ, ڿиһ£Ȼȥ
ü˻Ůֵֹ, ҲӴܶҲͨȷġ
Ůס, ƺɻʲôʯ˼ܿȥ˼, ͣͷƫɽϵķƺڿʲôʲô
˴ֱϵļƤȻŮ, ܾİϤѲҲһֻ㿴һ, Բ
ʱͷŮֳ߽
ŮһϸϸĽ˿ϵݸ
Ǹҵģɻʡ
Ůûлش𣬷սַһ, ƺΪʲôû˿
ԶĿˣǸ·ȡ˿ܰµϡ˽ֲµʱһ
ȡŮеĽ˿ɽСĵʣ½𣿡
ڸ˭˵ûüֹİ˵Ķֶſ˵ΪԼ֮Ҳʧȥء
ŮֿǸոնû˵𣿡
ҡҡͷͷŮǸ֪֮ﱻߣɴؼɽȥˣһգ۵ĹӰƮнʧ
ѵõĽ˿濴ֿ֪νʲôˡȻ˶˵·ôߣӦþͲȦˡ
ո½ˣŮӦŮʲôİɡǽߣ˵˿·ǾͿ·ϲƫˡ
ȻǲʮӣͼһСĵۡ
ǿŵģߵǰҿһ£Сĵؿʣ½ҸҪŶ
һͻȻҲˡŵһײȻ־̫ˣվֱ˼ʣ½𣿡

ص³һڻشˣȻҪΪֹء
½ûɷǣһͨһݺһò裬ƺڵȴĵ
½ˣòձֹȣҪ½ΪһԵˡ
½ᡣ
½ͺϲ裬ؿڣˣ˶ò˵һܻʮ꣬ʱڵ棬ϣҪˡ
ǺǡǸѡء
ԶźһߵϢʲôͼ𣿡½ɨƳ˻ӣòĵǡ
̫ڵյСһڲˮͷһͷҲһһ㿪żɽ
˵½иתص󣬲֪ܷ
еˡûһҪҪôֱ׳ġ
½ͻȻһᣬܿȥһ㵽иԵֵҪȴû뵽ǡ˰
̫½˵ɶѵһҲĳŪˡ˵Ū죬ɽǸŮ˵ôôأɲԼôǸ̫̫Ҳ˵ԼǸŮľǸ½޵ġ
ǸʱǸŮӡǸǣ˭ԼˣܶҪֵ֪ġ
½Ե̾˿յĴˣֱһҪãϧһվҪ˴С
ⶼ˵˴Ůˣô˵ϴа⣬Ǻ̫ʡ½Լ˵ˡ
ƽ䣬ֻܻʮ֮ˡ㵽лˣҲģ˸ͽܣԭȥʹֻһҲáû뵽Ҫıһ硣
޵˵Ļ˼ָһ㣬˵ĺܿܶδ¡½Ҳû˵ĸϸóһֱ۴СıֻСȴһֻ֣ʹǵָӣһСһֻ֣ͺܾ㤡
ֻ֣СһƷ
½ϣĿвҲ̹ȻܵȵҲûʲôźˡжϾͶ˰ɣ춨ˣʲôɶܽȥġֵǸʱˡ
Ļ۾ֱضҪƵġ
½һЦҿֱӸǣҲ֪Ҫʲôֻǣ̨̤ĻҪһ˵İæ
պɽȥˣǵԵһ¡
ȻǸͷĹ𣿡
½ͷ˵ԷУֻͨȻ֮жֻɽЩС£Ϊж㣬ö໨Щʱ䡣
ǿȥ𣿡ԼŮҲкġǵûǹȥ˵ŮҪһ£һҪеĴ£Ϊľ֮ǰ£УܿƣܴԼͱ˵ԸǱ˰æĻŬͻ׷ѡ
½˵ˮ˵һ䣺һǵҪ˵֪ǵ˼·ֻܸߣߴҲֻܵԼ֡УǸӴʱ򣬲øȡʲôģΪΪ޶ȵػˣԸ֣õϿɵĻĽƾͻᱻƵ
ֱԲл°˿ڿˮ֪һΪʲôҪ̶ȣҪʧȥУܸ˽ԼĹȥԼ֣϶ȥ
ˣȴʱ򣬿ȥʯȡǸӦ

ʮ į

½ͷ, ûһԼİãҪô, ҪôȲ跢, Ҫô˯, һļ鶼ûСڵס죬;, ҲֵķΧ̫̫, ½˵ʯʲôȥ
ˣõƽ͹Ӷһ°ɡܾ̫徻, 뿪˵, Լǿٻʽʦ
˵ʱֻٻ˾̺ͺҶӦźҶ, Լģû뵽ԼûⲻʧԼˣƻϲϱ仯
ʽеƺʹ칷г֮ǰڰٹһºҶûܻصҲͦõ, Ҫˣˣ𣿡
֮УҶȻܾˡֵ, һԹûС
Ǻðɣ칷еƣǳɡ
칷Ĵ˺þãȻԹվеԱߡַؿ˴칷һ, ߵеߵʣǸˣ
֪ΪΣеƺҲенĸоĵƸûǰƮߣƺҪ͵һ㡣
㲻ǣҴлóǵԺ˰ɡһ뻹ͦеģ˳䣬ȥ½˵ҵ֪ʲôء
ԭ·Ѿˣ½һʿе㲻Ӧ½ݵʱһֱ·°ڡ
ˣ칷һֱһ磬Ұ°ڴȥ𣿡滹ſӣҲûˣ°ڴ·ͷˡ
еƶ칷칷ûעߣŵ֪ܿںʲôӣ߷ߵضһţУûʱͻŮȹڣ£㷴ﲻæˣ
Ĭذæ°ڣһС°ڵӰ졣Ц̵ظ˵лл
ĸһ˺ö࣬ؾһĵطƽ
ʯΣûʲôرĶ
Ƶ˿ʯԹʲôʯͷˮСҰӶûš
ǲЩƣǵĽͣ˵磬ҪռЩĿƵġ
٣ǣȻ֮ǰһֱû뵽ϣܾԼõʲôͨ˱øõõķˣԼǱϵͳŵԽġȻʦͬʱڣôҲ
ʼԼӵеĿƣܴȷЩûռٸЩƵܿȷʲôˡ
硢áסԡߡ衢󶨵İӵеĿƣȷܵĿжţϵͳҲõĲпƣǴĿҲ֪һ㡣˵衢ˮȡ
趼ǸűĶֱȥҵģֻˮй̶̬Ķˡ˼ţⲻɣ˼ҵõסܲܿԼҺԺ𰡡ˮǣҪôȷ
ڷһ㣬ĿƿͷˣǲԸߣһ㶯죬Ϲתơ
ϵͳ𣿡סˣٴͼϵͳ˵һʧˡ硢ǣǻܸҽ𣿡
ǰʲôԸ
ҵĿƣûжϲġа취ҳ𣿡
ѼлûɽͬΪƵĻһӴǣܸ֪ġ
ɽû֮еľȫɽϴССĺڻ컨ʱ̺ΪɫʵĵطͻȻ˲һ
춼ǷɫŮλõķɫӣ·ˮһּÿһ϶ظе
ͽһˮӵѻ˺öࡣѾˣڱ˵֮ǰٵسر˿ƣڽ
ˮܵô죬ˡǺ÷ŲŲҪأ
һִɹסˮɵˮƱ壬ȻӴȴǸӡˣԼ󡣼ʹҲǱϣȥĵطܿĶ
ˮƺȰˡ˫˫ɿƣɵС
ףôţǩǩ꣬ŷԣˮءأˣҸոûע⵽ƻȻ󣬵ǲʱһ㶼ۡ
ΪƱɢ˸磬ǵʱǼǱŴڵġͷƶ¼įء
չĿƣֽ¿״̬Ҳȥ￴½ֹˣ˵ƽǵʱ򣬵޵ǵȴڼ˥ܡȥǱ˷ָ֣һ㣬Ļܻᱻץߡ
ֻɽȥˡ½Ǹһ㶼׵ˣҲΪԽԽ󵨣˺漸죬ʼڷɽϷˡɽŪɨѵӣͷֵͷ굽ͷһִ̼
ĻĺãںκһңϼġԼ鶼õ˾һжûԡ
εձǱҲ˼ģȻʢ˭סڵء½˺Ȳ裬׷մƽʱԶֻǸŮŰԼȫԺöԳֻһסףкԺЩˡ
һ£һȶûմϡ
̲סȥɽϴʱǵȴǸŮˡ

ʮ 

ͷŮ, ޷ǽ½ͨ, ʼĩ֪
ŮͨӦ, ͺ, ֪ǵķλͷʾԼ֪ˡȻֿ½, ƺʲôʡ
½ŮҲмʮ, Ȼ֪˼
ǴҲǵͣãϢһ£ʰҪĶ, ͸һȥɡ½Ů, ָ֮˵һ¡
ϵĻȫûڸǣˡϵͳ֮ǰĹ, ÿһûĻڵ촩Խȥ硣ϵͳһֱʧֻ񣬲ȷڲת
ϵͳ, ǻز˼ˣ
ͷŮٴγǰʱûٴͷ, ֻһƬɴס°ϵ·Ҳˣǵ֮ǰķװȽƯֻǴ˸һĵ
Ůͷ, Ȼŵͷȥ
տʼûӦ뵽Ů޷ͷߣ˼ھͶɡ
칷ŮеȶɸˡһۣҲܸܵŮϳ˵ѹ½Ҫءֻе֣ƺܿŮӦҲܲסӴģȴȻ
ϾǸİˣǸ˵İˡûٶˡ
ûջش칷еƣԶظŮ档ʱŷɽģ·ٶȣܿȤĶ
ǲǿ̫ȺͻȻһѺЦʡΪǼӡȺһȷʵеۡ
ǿǵʱһȺ׳סˡ
Ϊ·ǾͲϵˣѾͷֳֶģȻһүĳ״£ͷ׳ָɴŮһᣬȻкֵǣһϣѾͷеаšڴŵ·Ϊ˶Ŀ֮ǰŲ֪͵Ϻó·
֪òðŮ֮ǰ½ǶԣŮֻǵ·ˣ·;۷ʲôòҪֱӽӴ߷ϵ
ҲǱ˵ȥһȺˣӦûʲôġţվŮǰȥ
ϵǣ칷סȺ˲Ķ֣Ҫǲ뱻谭ӻ־ܽǡǱˡ
Ǵ˿칷ֿ˿ͬ侲еƣôָоŮе˽Ⱑ
һ׳ŴõŮϣӶϳءȺŵһЩʹǱˣŮƺû֪ʲôֻǼǰߣɻǱ߿һۣƺôûϡ
зʣӾζŮûСԼʹҲûоġ׳ǿǿ׳Ҳֻͨˣϵ⼸ǿԴǰǾСһŮˡ
֪ΪΣͻȻ̾˿̾Լе㾪ȡǰŮһּۣˣȺ׳ģŮƹָ֮ǰǸһֻһܶӵشŮϣʹ϶һֺۡ
üһۣȻȺ׳ôֲ֣ܲ˾úܱĻŮѶûаɣͻȻ뷨ĪЩˡ
һ·ֵֹ˳֣Ȼ۸ŮŮϾ޵֮ˣʲһ˿ɱȵģԿܶԼ˵оʧĥ⣬ĴĥʵûʲôԼ֪Լ۸ˡ
ʱɽֻ˲һ죬Ǹƽ·֮Ǽһ£ٴεǸСǰ档
̫̫ǷˡһİˣǸŮ˴ˡ
˺һƬ
Ů޷ӦķеɻƫƫͷƬֿ֮ķ򣬵ͷͿʼɽˡ
̫̫ǽһ䣬Щģû鷳
ô˵ӵʵŮĵˣôһ㶯ݶûУ
ƺ֪ʲôеƿЩһۣ˵˵֮⣬͹ȥЩ϶Ҳǵˡ
Դͷ˸һһЩϸڡɲУһȥ֮䷽ǲĻʦĵ·ߵͷˡ
ɽϵĵ·ߡŮʱʱ֪ĶɽϹȥŵľսģɵÿʼģҲˤɡǿɲûµĵطˡ
ǶˡҾһ֣Ȼѹħ֣ȻҲǿǿԱŮ֪ĺġ
Ůͣ£ӻͳŷ䣬ԼѪΪ֮ϴһСֱͨһƬСյء
Ȼ˼Ҷ·ˣҲûúɹȥеƺʹ칷̫ϲҪȥˡ
Ůߵı֮ǰκʱҪȡʱʱͣһᣬʼձײľ롣еɻ·ֻһôҪǡ
һۡ
ŵץ˺ֱۡ󲻵׵ĵط·Ѿˡ˵һǰŮԶһ㣬ͻ·ϵȥ
ҽӴеµģؿڣﰵϣ´δԽϵͳҪֵٰĵطˡ类ųಡ
ŮߵƽϣźСܼ̤أĵ·ȫɵˡ
ڵˣ½˵Ҫŵ̨ƽأǫ̂Ϲϵģ˴µˣ

ʮ лл

ˣ, ˦Լָ
סָѾ̳һˮݡü, մȾĻȡ, ܶˡ
Ůƺڵȴʲô
ץ, ûҶֽšԼҺƬؿãܾƽѹ޾Թߺ޺˱ոյĻȻ, ȴֺһ˿⡣
ӡǸʹû, ôĻ𣬿ܱȺҵҪ
һĨҲȥ֮, ֮ϿʼּĻӰⷬģ
֮ϵҲǳȵ, һ紵Ů¶߰˷Ƶӡе㲻̫ƿ, ȴоµ
ָ֣һ£ͱˡվ棬ȴȫо̰еЬԿ
ͷһ£ֵ, ôôء
ˬûȥǰͻȻ, ˮտһٺˮһ̵۽ҽ
ŮҲҽˣ֮ǰδ˵ҲִƬ̺ۡԴһ, ֻǰͰԼ顣Ǿʱˣٴδӻȡһŷ䡣
ŷһͻһ˲Ůƺе㲻ᣬֲ֪ԼΪʲôᡣŷһᣬŽϵ档ûѪΪ
ŷϸ˿ŷ͸ŰĹ󣬵Ȼǻʲôͼһ˿ɫĶ˷ϡ
ڷغ󲻾ãıҲı䡣ɫһӷڽƬǸ˿ҲչڷϹһΡ󣬷һźɫĶѪҺ˿
ںɫεͬʱȼССѿٱ任ţһ̨
̨ȥʱ̨Ҳˡ
Χ۽ƺŭˡһһԾֱֱոʧ̨Ůӳĵ䣬ֱнڻĸλ
֮ǰ̨λãγһ̨
Ůſͷʾˡ
˺һۣȻȡתСذ̨ϡ
ֻСһǱȡΧʲôȻʼߡСߣҲ󡣴ӵײ㿪ʼø̨һʱ򣬵ڶſʼǵ㡢Ĳ㡭ǶǸһֵֻ͡
ֻĸһˣе¡󣬶Ҳúܸߣðͷֻ֣ܿй΢һ㣬ֲƬһ
ʲô˵ʱԭ̨ͣߵСֶˡ
Ϊ̨ռƬصḷ̌ǸŮ˸վһ
ǲҪСø·ǸŮһԼ֪ҪôһֻСѾ߹ˣֻؿź
ô֪ôءҲǸŮϾֻԭסĻҲҪɣ
ţֻСѾֱ͸ǵ塣ʶԼһСѾʧˡ
ֻֻûбκС󣬻ҵķߣ̤ҵǰһ̣һڶǰˡ
еͷԡ֪ʲôֻŮ޷ѯ
һнǰ̨صףͻȻһضɽҡ
з
ǸŮô죿ǸŮӰʧֵش󺰡
һйƽеҶʧˡһӣǸ̨ܿ˵ֻ֣ಿֶڸڿӵס
ŮеǱûб˵Ҳ֪ôӹոһٵġոҲʲôֻҽֱ̻صص˰ˡ
䵽ӵ׵ĵϡ̲סСĵһµ棬ûٱˡ
͸ͨĵһ˶ãΪһĴɡһֵֻֻ֣֣ҲǺ˵顣ϣ³꣬Ǹֲ
ҲΧĻû˺˵Һ֮ķ羰ʵͦġ
źߵǸŮߣһߣһ˵ǲ֪ʲôʱ뿪֮ǰΧһɡ
ӵֻĿʼˮŮʱǣƺԴ˺
Ŷˮס֮󣬼ӿ˽Ųܵߣסܡ
ˮٶԽԽ죬Ůӵʱ¶ˮˡ̫ӴŮûΣգҲ͸һСϰġ
~ڰˮ֮󣬾ûмӿˡ
̫ˡںϣһƬƬ𲭣εۻ
ŮΪţ֮ҲˡĽںˮĿȴ̫ķǿɫˣֻ⣬ΧһԼˡ
Ϊǿҳﶼ̲һʹŮܡܱߵһС֣ƺץסǰ⣬Ǳʲô
ɡǰһ磺ͷ֮
ϵͳٴηʼʶץ֡
ȻһڶͻȻڱ֮ǰͻȻǸŮ۽ƺˮŮıһؽӲȻᡣ
ԼõĽкܶ඼ûϣһǴŻûȫڶߣŮʹ˴
Ǹ֪ôƺ㣬Ҳ֪ҪʲôǣҾǸܺõˡллҪ뿪ˣټлл㡣
ɻҽ߱һƬڰռݣ֪Ļûдȥ
뿪֮ŮƺӲ˺ܾãʶ˸Լ˵ˣӵֵץȴûдκζƺˡ
µĴ̫̫ŴԶԶﳣ갵ձһƬ棬ʱʱӿҲʧˣƺŵˮ¡
̫̫˲ŹˣˡͷӰǵ˰û뵽֮ǰܿ

ʮ ϵͳָ

ﻬͷ֮ʱ, Ȼûбʲôֵĵط
ϡ棬ǾȻǽ̤洩Խġֹһ, ȻֺѾָ񽫵ӡ
û취ֱء
Ȳ̸, ȻִԽ, ˵ϵͳõġٴιͨһϵͳϵͳ˵𣿡
֮ǰϵͳ, Ǹһ鷳ϵͳе, оֵʱָֻƽϵͳΪ, ϵͳϸĽˡƷͨʼ, ա⣬Ҳͨʼˡ
ȸ˸ض, һƬ磬̫Щɹ
ϵͳȻڸոȺʼ
ԽһΡֻҪȥ磬ܴԽȥƣһǲȥѾȥ, ֻǴһ£ҰȫԵòϡ
ΡͬʱٻԼеʽ, ÿγʱһСʱ
ԽκʱõģԼʹϵͳҪȥЩ磬صԼ֮󣬻ԽһΡܱȫĻ, ȥĹֻŮˡ
һߵ˵ͷ֮ʢĻ񡣻ͷҪˣǶԻνв˷磬ʢĻзʽͷ˳ɻ񡣡
һ±ơ⡢ͽˣҪкһ㣬ҪϵͳŮӺò״Խˣͽİһͻᶼ
˵֮ǰȫڸһϲУûע⵽һЩ⡣
ʱһֻ·˵ĹϵڻӰʱֻĴսϼˣ磬ɴ඼ûҲû˵Сܣᵽͷˣðɣһܾ½棬ǡҪ˼Ұæﱸ
Ǻǡ
кһ룬ֿˡʲôģһˡ
ʣͻȻôˣɵЦȥĿ𣿡
ŶΪרŵҿƵġڻʣʲôƣҲ㲻壬ӦûۼڻͷҸɡÿεһ磬Щֵ񣬲֪᲻ҵ
ߣȥҸˡĻӦѾͳЩȻ˰ɡ½˧ģҹ½㿴۰ɡ
ûٻʽæ
ҵ˸ѧǵū½סģֻҵֵѧУȻڸڻͷĴլӡ
Ǹ취ɹˡձҲûһССĸ͸Сˡ
ˡվūſڣǼҵĴš
ѩŮţȫİС֡ɻַʣ˭ǻͷ󽫵ļŶ̽ʲôĻȰǻ뿪ĺá
Ǹȥסһ۽ǵЦ˵˵һĻͷͳҪˣôʢ飬Ҿô˻ܿϧǺóõ˲ŶǰҪæ
û˵꣬ǰűصһˡ
ԴŶһŮڴֱˡ½裬òظͺ˺ãӭǣڳ½⺢ӵĻأܹæ̫ˡ
죬ʮֲˬֹţֻʱѣ֮ҵģߣ˵ߣǳ̷ڻͷңֲڷ˻ӭ͵Լߡ
ūסΪڿ˶࣬ūֻܸһ䷿Ҳ˵ʽ֮󣬲ľģȻֻΪùˡ
˶ô𣿡Ϊ̫СֱСӣļ²ۣİ˰Ϊ˵ӽ£ӭӵˣ⡣
þûĺˣ൱õĶ䣬浴ǧȻҲý̫ˡҪЩϸǺȻ裬ū֮ĵλҲҪʲôɡǿеء
˵һ㣬е֡طȻгˣֻԼĴӪֻס
ºִ֣һָʦûȣȫʲôΣաڽҪǣҪ취ȡū½ϿɣԸơ̬
ոѩŮô½ǸǸŮˡɶţλǱʲôָԵȣȼ뿪֮ѩŮ˵лءϧūұˣֵܸӡ
趨ҲģҪôֵѪʹ˶ϵҪôºӣѪһϡֱͣҲû𡣵ǸʱЩֻᱻ˭ͳأ֪ԭû⣬˵ᴴһء
Ӱ˵飬ڴϣԺɴԼĻӴĻֻеӰͶƬʱû̫Ĳο塣
ӽǽʱʲô˸оʢ󰡣
ͷֱ˵˵ֻ뵽ҵĻˡ
ʵڰʡס˫ۡ
Ҿ֮ǰıʯƯܶĻһʢĸоɣ룬顣
ǻزٵĶĻҲ˼֮ǰпꡢݳᡢμӱʯչЩĻˣ

ʮ ֮

׳Լļƻ֮ǰ, Щǡǰ֮ʼԼʵǿҵš
ٻûȮʱ, ϰ˰æ, ͨϵͳһĻ, ūⲻԶĵطһרҵʦ
Լԭ, ڴĵ֮, Ȯ͹ùðæгɸ״ǵĽٷǳ죬ĵԵʮ
ܰæ𣿡̨ϣʡƺССķԡ
ӵؿһ, æζͺˡ
ū½Ļһ֮, ӵеʱ䲻࣬øϽñ֪, ܼ뵽ﱸȥ
ҲΪ˽Լʱ䣬ûʲôӵƷֻѡͨСѡһοԷֳɺܶС⡣ֻҪζˮ͡ɿװͿˣƯ, Ҳ㹻ζ
ùúϲ̲ζ뵽ܴ, ˵ϲ裬ɴһϵк衢̲ζС⡣ˮⶼ͵ʹãζϺˬҲ, һǸɿϵģһǼĩϿɿɷۣζЩġ
һ죬ٶС⣬ֿζСȻֻ򵥵ĶԽǼ򵥣ԽǿĻҪǾô飬Ҳѧϰܾ㣬һôôζ
Сᵽūʱū˶ˡ
С㣬ǣ
бСȥ½ҳһͬѾøеҹ½ˣҲǺܿΡǶǸ㲻˼ż䶫ﻹ
һӣˬؽͣһʦǲǻû»ҾԼһ£Щĵ⣬ǾúóԵĻϵĵܽ𣿡
ū½סΪֻҪĻȫԴһһĸ׾͹ˡô൰⣬ܷѾɣ
ٺ٣֣˵ֻҪ㣬ǲСæһ춼۵ġ
ūЦŶ˸лкߵǣȥѸĴҶɣô࣬Ӧÿ˶Գġ
óһ鵰⣬δô඼֮ΪһŮˣԼҪԶʾס
ۡ
ֳͻȻ˶ոճһԼĵ֮һֺ˵ı˳
˵ԼǸʦԼʲȥ㣬Ҵҷ󲿷˺ﶼе㸴ӣһֿʼᷳˣһַͻȻˣϾ˺¸ҵء
Ҳǿ鵰һϵıһ˲Ťˡ㵽׷˶ǰ֮ǰҳĲζJˣ
Ȯ͹ùҲóһ鵰˵㣬ֹȻͷˣ֮ǰҲ˲٣ôͻȻأ
˵ūͻȻ°ͻأ˷ˣ˲ãζʳͻͻȻøһΪҵ˽֢ǰǼӺܶΣΪȥ˼ҽԺûء
ū½εؿ裬£ô˵
ǸȻ裬һЦͺŪȥˡ
ʹͻȻģǡ𡱿ưɡеˣô൰Ʒȫǧƪһɵζ֮ǰеĸǰ׷ѡ
̣ܽҴ𣿡
ū˺ϵصͷȻ˵ţ̾ȥ˼Ρ
ϵƾҪЩ
ѽһСС˴ӵܳҪΡҪΣˣҿ
λūˣעΧı仯֮⣬ﻹбĿǱš
̫ºĹԽԽ･Щء½Ҳסļκ裬ʾǼǿ衣
紵Ҷˮ淺ơҶעϡǽǡաЩطʱû뵽ӱˡ
һСĳеķɵͻȻ£еȥע⵽ÿֻһڷɻ֮ԿۻңǿڲͣظƶԻᷢŷͻȻסǵ͵һȴͻȻƽĳ
衣ǵ֣¶ЦݣҽҪ֪ܺǻᱻģ
˵ţһⱻҵϡ
ʱúΡԼЦŰɨճŵ͡еЦǺܿҲһ飬ҷĵҵϡϡ
ƵڿзţҲʱʱһ⣬Ŀȷֻѡ
Ѽˡߡߣ˯š
еĶͣűƸĿƷɵСǩԼ֣Ȼϵͳ˵Ƹδһһܣưڹ̶Ķһܣˮһܡ
ĵⶼ˷ˣȺҹҪܵͷС
ȻģͦóԵѽе̲סԼϺϵĵ⣬ܿ챻ζˡ
ҴĵóһԼһ£ζˡûȫϵ
ȻūҵͥԺŪһ㣬ǲûԹʲôЩСֻȥϵĵ⣬ԵûбŪĲ֣ó԰˷ʳǲԵġ
һСӣǳɹ˴ҵϿɡκϲ͵⣬Ҳ壬ϵĵҲζͺ                        
лҪ˵𼴸

ʮ 

һλõĽ, һǴԽᣬһʽȫٻᡣ
ѵ, ͵͵ū½İٹŶ, ˵Ҫڻ, ڶָǳ裬Ծաʲô赸, ȻǼ־
񻹼ǵԼӵһء
ٹʽļ־, ͺܴСֻغϵ趨˵ͯӡͯȵȣǶǳձ񻰺ʹ˵, ֻƷֵ̬һ
ϧûٻеʽ񡣡ڻʣʮٻ, һλˣɴȫٻ, ಻óҲðʮٻȫеʽ񣬵ǿԳʵŶӡ
ū½аٹҹУҲҪó㹻ʽһ׳ۡ
ôʱ, ҲŲͬʽSSRSRR𽥽䵭, ʽǶԼȱ㣬ʹų趨Ĵ칷Ҳ͵͵ҪңøееС, žֻӺܶ࣬ȴκ˶רĵ˰ɡ
ϵͳҪʮٻūҵ˵ҪԼĻţμӻʵǹҵطٻʽˡ
ûʲôʽڴؿЩٻǻɫâһֵĵط
ϸ˿ʽǶڡǡٹ𣿡ǵһ֪ԭʹʮٻᱻٹ֪ΪҲˣһϷֻСء
˰й١ġĴʹڡʹסҹѩŮ
һʮ飬Ľܾˡ򵥸ǴкȻڶʮ顣
һĿʦʦšħй١С¹Сѩͯӡ
ͷҺͶѩͯİһ㡣һӸôSSRΪʲôҾúְεʽǶԵģû֮ǰǼSSRѸ㡣ЩԱģͺԼųһ
е֮ǰ˵SSRʵ̫Ըġ֮ǰǼеԭԱٻˡ
ȿȣȻҶڣٻһЩɰRʽģЩSSRֵߣڿɰǷȱһ㡣ҹСó⡣Ҹ£֮ͷҪˣأҪһʢĻΪݵԣĿˣ˺׵ѣĶ֡
ʽĻΪˣϾͲռƣϣһ㡣ǻûʶǰģһӡ
֮أҵʱһ赸Ҫ̸ңûڲٵãǻŪֵļ־ͲˣиƵҪŸҿǸѧ֮ҪһºĻϣū½İٹһ
Өʣ˦иأǧӣ
ȻǼ־ˡһ䣬뵽ӨʵǱ赸š
ӨݡùáȮʱ򣬲ǱǸ̿ӹһǸʱ裬ҪѧˡԭʦʱĳվUPʦ־ƵԴš̡ľŮл֡Өݺеƣ赸ûʲôǷİʾҲǼʱ֣ͦģȰ캢
˦˦βͣ赸е档Ҳһ𣿡
˸ۣŲܶôߵءҪ񵰸ʱһ
뵽ӵʱ򣬻Ҫô̻ЩʽǣϵͳϾϼµĵߣ־赸ѧƵڴ֮⣬ֻѡ񼸸õģͬʱҲͺˡ
ū½ǱߵҲͬȸƵ
ǽܶͦߵģǿƵ˶ԸʵЦһᣬû˵赸ôǻúˡ
ֺ赸ֻԾյģ֮ӿ϶ϣиرļ䡣ĳӰһĻҲ˹Ļʹ˳ˮװε⣬ֵˡ
ҲЧ
ľ޴񵰸⣬ǿɲǼõĶ鶼еƺ͹ù֮ԼרͶ˻񵰸ơ
ݻʩˮҲıʯһûЩǰѵôŵĻλ˵ķͷ
Ƶͼʱ򣬹ùͻȻˡ
ڴҸû취úѧ裬ˡЩʽǿɲСӣùòŲء
üͷεʣַʲôˣеƿţ칷ܲỹȹӰɡ
칷ûȹӣ⻹ǳϡùôͳһѺɫë칷һֱëһ͵ëٹ־ô󣬴Ҿһѧ裬˭Աߣóһëܲ𣿡
³ʽûιԴ칷֮ǰͬûеõ˵ʽ˺õλãӻǳȺ˼ʽϡ
ܵһȺʽִƤùòܿǴûֹֻܳˡ
̱ϣ֮ǰӣҲûëԭƽëֵĴ˵ġ
˵ϸĻ칷ˣΪ˲·ϵëͼæˡͼеëԼʹëҲÿξõëˣŻһȥ
ùõĽͣԼСʽǵҲ˵֪ʶ
Ȼ֮ǰ˽취ˡæýͷöȥС¡
ùü˵ҲȰë⣬Ը⡣˵ëһ㣬еƶȰ
ҪһֱӰѴ칷ٻˡ
칷ѧ𣿡
칷λ˾Ƥȡȴе棬Ҷѧ
һᣬһĸôڱ䣿˵ûѧĻ˵һ٣ȻëȻѧˣ棬ūɡ


ʮ 䱦

칷ʼ赸ѧʱ䡣еÿ͸, ˵ǿ֣ܾڶŴ칷, ñ˼ֵȹӡ
ûʢ, ⳡ, ΪصؼӽĿҲҪ취òǻԾСūЩ˵, ǵļҡ½һ, Ҳ϶Щǡ
μ½ȢޣҲȺӭǵˡҪֶӵӣҲҪͥӡ
ֵܡ, ĸ, ͦĽġ
Ե⻪趨װθĳǵճ
Ҹʱ, ֹˣϣǶܵҸ
Ҹ˿룬ҲĻϣһԻԪΪĻ񵰸⡣֪Ϊʲô, ԽԽϲԪˡ
񵰸ⱻƳ㣬ÿ֮һ򼸸ֵĵӡⱾ÷ǵ, ͡
ǵõľ鲻ֻܴ࣬еճزġҲһԪأʱҳŸ裬ƳͬĴ󵰸, á֧Ÿ㵰Ĵ֣ǵͱ赸
ÿڳʱδеסˡ
ãҿԲ𣿡ҳҵ˵Ҫæ񵰸⡣
Ϊūδ·ˣʵܲʱԼ½ʺϣǻΪϲĽҪһľҲ֪бϲ½ֻ޷½ŮߣʹµԼ뿪ҲԸȥ½δ᲻Ůˡ
βǵ⣬ֻܰæһЩߡһʱ˵Ĵʵû˿ߣҵİɡ
ɣϲ𣿡
е󻵣һۺڹ۲Ψһõţ֮ﰲһЩ΢еܵػش𣺡ΪٳţԽӴʲô̸ʲôϲˡ
εͷôŵ˵ʱԹ½ΪʲôҪôأһΪİ˶ԺǣʱҲúۣ̫ˣҺе䲻ţҾͻԱỳҳԣţҪ˳ĻǲǱð֮ġΪʼջȥȥ
ԽٽӣԽܲһе㵣ģԼ᲻ദá
Ǳ̫ˣθ˵˺ܶࡣ
˵罻Ǹ⣬ԵȵҲһ⡣
νҾʵϲŶ㿴½Ҳ࣬һƽм𣿳˾֮⣬ʵҪͥûʲô
üڸв֪ôõ˰ţܹһΪʲôҪôءԼ׼ˣ뿪ϵͳ֮󣬻Ҳ鶼ֻ˵εһж̫Ҹˡ
ҲʲôѣһЩֻܸü򵥵˵Ȱ˵ˡ
㵣½ŮߵĻŬøðɣֻвŵŮ˲Żᵣôɵ⡣һǰ㣬ԲȢġֵȻо仰ʵеŰ뿪˲ŸʹࡣǽһҪҸҸ˵ʱ򣬲Ųź
ͻȻƿˡ
ɶͷ̽㿴
ɶ棬رQһССĺӾٵεǰ
ʶؽӹǸҵ𣿡
ɶͷ̧ͷЦſż˵ǴҸ֪½˻һģֱȷ֮ǾͿʼˡ
ԭΪԼǵĻӭġ
һССĻᡣÿĻ綼һкֻܶóݡǻȴůġ
ÿֶֻһ½ͼη򸾣ټԼ֮ǰĳΪԸػ˰ɡмֻ½ĺӣ½ͼεĻûһиá
ۿͻȻˣǶõĳˡԭܵԼų⣬룬ֻںǶѡôɰһȺ֣ΪʲôҪأ
һŬ½ӵģҲϣԺദ졣ллǣҺϲɶһȻҲһҲлл㣬˵ô಻Ļ
߼κɶ֮Ϸ˻
ǸҸ˰
ϣؿ۾пΪʲôͻȻˡ
ͷû¡ǼɣȻʱˡոǱҲУҪڵıǸ½޺гദĻֳ
ĲҲҪϡҵūˣԼãⳡݻݣʺָϵ⡣
½ǣܶҪ¼ЩӹȡõĳɻװΡμӻǺǣЩһ¶һЦɡ
ǻλԴ󲿷ֵݶ֪మĹ̡ССͯĴˣҲһ߹˺ܳʱء
ڻǰһϣװ˵⡣ūѾֳ赸 ΪٻʽʱֻһСʱֻܵȵʼʱٰԼʽǽг
ʽŴ칷ŮʽеơźöУҪҡʽǷΪӣֱūСŮУеëģԼԾ㣬˭ҪڻϵëӰˣɨһ£
صһ۴칷


ʮ 

ڻӰġͬ, ǵĻ֣⡢Ⱦġ
԰ѻ񵰸Ƶǰ, Ϊôʵλõƶϲʱ, ־ˡ
ͼ㾫ë˸𳪸, ˸ɺܿڻֵ赸С½ǺЦסë˳һЩʱ, ½ʹɫ, Ҳ¶½㿴Ű족ı顣
ΣȺֱĻҪ¡
½Ǹƻֺյˣһۼ, ȫǵ赸, ԽҪһ֪
Ұ㡣
ס֪½ΪʲôͻȻˡɻؿ½ʱ, ȴ˵ľԽԽ
ǻ
ģףףҪ׵Ź
˹ȥȻð½壬û֡赸ʱ, ʹ½õʱ򽻻ָҺȽơ
˺Ƚһ˲, ʹ˻Ƶ
Ŷ~ɫӣ裬һѷۺݡ깹ɸָͼΪףūլԺ֮ҲܵƸƺ, ڸϿջػĳ½ͼεĻʢװӰ
ֳһĻĻΪ˵ĺ񡣿ôʽҲѧԼΪⳡʡ
һûʲôʧҺܺúȡǳ˵˼ά΢еҶѡΪˣŵȡ˾ˮﵽЧȻһӣ˲һ߳
Źͺ˺ԽԽ࣬ϵͳɶҲڼ
ϵͳԭΪɴʽĻû뵽ѷΧŪôʺϣûʽôݻȫʣһ֡ûиõĻˡ뷨
жˡǽ·ū˸
ʮָлΪ½ôõĻҲףһ˳졣ūԽͳūҡƺ֪ܿ뿪Գף֮⣬һĻû˵
ɵٵĵص㡣պһŴɫµļӰΨ̲ס࿴˼ۡ
ɫĶͺֱӳҵլԺС
ǻˣظĸо
ǣǲ뿪һѣôôˣ
ԣ΢Ц˵Ѿ˶ʮˣҲͺ˵ֻȥ磬˲ʱ䣬˵Դϴ㵽Ҫȴûеȵ֮Ҳ㲻ǵϢˡ
һûи˵ܻͺáҲǸպóǹ켣ܿźһĻ
ʧȥϵôãӶüˣǰӭһ
ϵͳƺ֪ʲô֮ǰͽ˵ϴα÷ʦ磬мϵͳ⣬ݣҪ顣籾ϵģǿ磬ԭ磬һ˿ϵʱ߻ܵĸš
ԭҲǣ浽ˣһȥǹ˺ܶˣ󾪡
ûµġʦƳʷйʱ㣬βϵܻǵһ΢ĸı䣬ʱ䲻󶯡һͻشԽһ̸
ϵͳĽͣŷˣתߵ顣
Щ귢Ĵ´˵ûбûѾǾܾʦˣĺҲһС
ĸպãһۣոһ£һǵͣˣøһУСӳˣʮָߣ»ħĿţϣ߱
͵ضҲҪɫú˻
ɫǹڡ
΢ɾ̾˿ȥưɣǱߵҪտĺӡлҪ˵
קһԼ½ǣͷûȥ
ǰһͣˡ֮ǰȥ⣬ǵʱˣķֱֵ֪ΪʲôǻúͻȻءһܼ򵥣²ͻ뿪
֮ǰúӦٸ
Ϊһ衣öû˵ЩҪ˵ġ
ʶʱԽãԽܲ²⵽ŲյʵеĽ㡣ǧ磬Ҳʶһ±ĵطءƺޣÿӱҶܿǹ˥ֻʣһˣȻǰκһζҪȶ룬Ҳ޷ڲͬ䴩˰ɡ
ԵĻصԼ֮ȥٻɡʮǵԸʹȥ磬Ҳµ񽫵ֻҲȷǹǿȣǷѺȥڴ֮ǰҪΪǡ
Ĭãͷ˵֪ˣһٸһʱġ
ƺҲΪ˸һԶɣϵͳʱһ
ʦģӹԸ

ʮ ټ

, 㻹ǵӹ𣿡ϵͳλ顣
һ, Ųȷػش뽭ҵλ˵Ļ, һЩӡ, ʮǰ̫ҽ˵ˣȴŲڡ˵һ, ιĲˡ
ӱϾλ, ҲڲûˣŰô׵˵ˡ
Ȼصͷϵͳ˵Ϊӹϣʹ, λҪȥɹԸ, ɶ
ǣӹټһ档ǰս, Ҫ취ٴγڹǰ
ǣ֪ʲôӡ˵ŮҲˣڶ֪˭ȥҪĻ
ǸҸӹ֮仹еҪ֮ǰ, Ҫ֪ϲǸ˵а취ӻԭ𣿡
ҡҡͷ, ҲûмǸôƾհĳิԭ
ֻԼ취ˡںܶʽ񶼱ˣʹûкڣҲõİȫ⡣ȻҪӦ뿪, ɴ뿪Ұɡ
ӹĽҲھԶֱҸţȻ취
ûô˵£ɴ൱Ͷ뿪ˡ
ӵķǰĿǰɹĶӵҡȷǼôԳҹʹá衱͡Ǳ˽ҡ
տɴϵӹʱҪϴػŮѾȫû˵òŲʮȴʮ̫̫һݡƤͰͣ˰ߡ
ͻȻеΡΪ˸Ůһϣαżû뵽ճյ˶ʮꡣĲһʹ顣
֪ԼΪ׶ԲԡʶһԼϵġúͷƵġ룬ȥ֮û취ٻȴһֱϣǲҲӹһÿ춼ڴźӦĺأ
Ҳú»Ҳȥ̲סһ飬ԽԽ̲סˮ
áǾڰʱĲǺôôϲʱĺûһǰĻܸмʱĳ֡еجΡеĲǴʱʼͰˡʹ뿪һУ˵Ҫһ֡
ԸԺÿһﶼ㡣˵˾䣬ԼļлߺͻáϣεԼں顣͸һ
ƵĹâסӹüͷʶһ£֮˯ߡ
ӵĶͷϣ۾ȥξ
һ＾ʹľջˡ
սӵξʱͿ⸱
ˡˡСӹʶһۣ칬лӦûʲô˻ᾭľ
ţеĺ͸輯΢΢һ·βŮȥţԼȥľ
һģӰڴ⡣
Ŭȥ壬ӵΣԼǲĻӰҲģġڵһģӰ
ʧȥϵжʮˡôûƬûл˵Ӱôءӻһֱţ䱾ͺģˡ
ǵõŮ˵ڻʹĻ죬ԺȴһֱûеεĳȫԲϣĻӶࡣ
ξǲѭģǰû̫ϵͬһǣҲ͸¶˲ٹǵĹȥ
˵ó͸裬͵͵Լдĺ͸͸ӡǸˣÿдź͸ֽ˾ĵĴʱĵĻơʱǸԼĸɻҶȵȡ
ĳһѭξУͻȻ˲ͬķչ
ӳµĳСֻһ
ֻصһĻӹΪ˴
ΣҹӰһЩ
ˣͷһĵطȲȥԸ뿪𣿡
ȫͬķչˣļ䡣
֪ʱһӰԶƮӹһֻûֹһУԥƬ̺ʧˡ
ҹɫ͵͵뿪˻ʹһԴ
ɽҰөΧ裬ҹɫܺڣȴө֮ҫĻ峿ͻȻˡ
ӹԾ棬ΪҾúþûһҵܡ
кܾû˰ɡˣҲӵӣÿµ㿴өҹǳҰɽ¡Сʯӵĺϡ
ÿ˵һξĻͻ֮ı䡣ҲûôЩǲӿĳȻǿƾ󣬲ôôȻĳɡ
뿪֮ÿ춼дһ׺͸裬һˣҲ֪Ҫô㡣̫ңԶˣˣҺ
ߵһӣ£Ҿ̫ˣͣӣˣǿʼռӣ꣬ȷ򴵵ʱ򣬾Ͱѻ÷Ǵǰ
߶߶˵Լӹţʱʱȥ۽ǵˮ
ҼŶиоЩǲһģƺϸܵϢھӣ֮еģЩԶĻڲͬ
еĳ黯ΨӺӵŵĵطһŴ׳ӣʢš
һ紵Ĵ衣
ӹһƬֻ꣬ϾȻмС֡дĺ͸ɡ
Ҳ̫ʵ˰ɣξտʼҵģǴĳһ̿ʼڤڤ֮бĶһеķչһ
ӣ価ûκιԴӺӰȴԽԽǶţؿŶԷܰԶסһ
ǻٴġ˵ţξͿʼ
뿪ʱͻȻͷһۣ¶Цݣ˵ţˡ
͵ƿ֣ɴ۾ӷĸ䶼ϸֿû֮ĶֿӣɫһЩûиտʼôϺͲ̬ˡ
ҵĴ𣿡

ʮһ  

һ۸µӡ̫, ҪΪԼˡ
Һ治ԶһƬ֡һߵʱһ
ȻûдĲ, ϵͳԹܲȶ֮, Բ, ðײ˼̳мһȽȶСռ䡣
ϵСס¡
С̫ˣÿҹ˾, ڻʱ, ̲סССĴ̽ͷȥŻԲȱ
ʲôأӦС, ûС뵽أʱ, ͻΪһеĺӰӳ
Ѿüûȥˡ
ӵһδԽ￪ʼ, ͱһ𹲶ôʱ䣬һûˣǻ᲻Ӧ
ÿٻͬʽ񣬿ԼʽһǲԼͷ, ҲССֵģԼС¹ײ
, ̫ˣ˰ɡеưԼĵƷֽϷԶƹչ⻹ģеƲϻˡ
۾, СӵĲϣǿս˻ʣУҰҪȥȡģϲʱӻҪڲϽĻʱҾͻˡ
뷨ǰȻѻ͸ӹֻҪ㹻ĻӦҲ˰ɡ
ʵ֮ǰΣǸŸĶ壬ֻϵͳ˵֮ǰξĲ㣬ѡ˻񡣻񲻿ԣİ취
Ϊ뿪
ϵͳż̲֮סӵ໹֧£ץʱ䡣ֶļɣѴﵽ˵Чġ
һֱһõѡͰǰ
רҵʦѧǵⲻ𣿡
ϵͳ޻˵еıʣ֪ԼҪҪʼӹΪαţʹȴڴػڣҪΪԼͣһʱ䣬ӵʹ
ž
ӵ˵ϣԼǣһۣԺﲻǺӣҸؿӡ
߶ĥ
ҹ紵ҶĶУѾöû˯žˣۿŵɫ
еƣѵƵһ㣬ҪʼƵⳡˡ
ǡ㲻Ϣ𣿡еüҪֶļеֿԣҪԽ޴һΣֶ˯ȥˡ
óµֽţڰССϣ˱ʡ֪еڹֻϢˣûµģ˯ţʵ¡
ڸոգǰָһۣǱ񡣻ֻӣһҲٻɡ
˵Ѿˣ˵׼ص˾صӵء
ӣӵĳ̫̫ʵˡֻǰǲģڵѾˣĵҪģټһ棬Сʱһˡɡ
ԣҪģ÷ǵַӣӵ
һܿ鼼ɵĻ˹ҪʱòΪӣҲҪʵƯǰҪ̫ˡ
һûûȣħһһûͣذƴ»˳
ҹĻٴνʱͷεһ¡
еƷסֵĵ̽ͷ¶ȡûзȣǺеüȥϢ
û£ܾǵѪˣԵ㶫ͺˡ
Ϊ˳ϵͳȥеĽңҪõĶҲǡϵͳȡһǣźĻͷεĸоöˣȻʹӴͼոβȻҪһûΥ͵ĵط
еסֻܽĵؿվСǰ档
ɫеްֽϵĻǻعеƣƽ㣬鷳¡
еƹ֮Ǿе㿴壬ǰһ㱡ɴƵġ۾ѵҲٻ˳ʽĹâȫãֻԼǰԽԽ
լĺüһֳ֣һſƣڱﲻһ

½ʲôˣ֮æ²ƣûҲٻ㣬ܰþðɣлл˵꣬ķλȥ
üۣźȥӰ֪ԼԲԡںһŮˣΪ͵͵Υ˵Ĳ˷ʲô˵Զ뿪ġ
ǰһƬڰҵ봥ˣȷԼǲֱجˡ
βʲôˣǰƲȥ԰Χһж˾Եĺڰ
еơǻ𣿡ϲڰڱͲͻȻĴֻоĶҪ˥ߣӿɱˡ
еƺ͵ӦץסеƵ֣Ű˵⡣
˯ɡ˯֮ǰƺϤ壬ֻ̫ˣ۾Ϻֻܴһɻˡ
ƵЧȥɫ
ʵĹ£еõȻȥԼĵطɵС棬ΪţʲôĶŵѵõ˯ߡ
˯һƺŵ˺ζһֱûɹüͷڱĨƽˡ
˯ɣˡһ˫ָס۾İٴηС˰ĺڰ


ʮ ӣ

ٴʱ, Ѿһһҹ֮ˡ
ࡱ۾, û, ͱԼŵˡ, ԼһûԶǸöˡ
ΪԼɴ, ۺȴòԡ
һۿһƬͭɫ, ͷһ㣬ſһ˵š
졢ôˣ
ͷе㲻㡣û˵ôԷ˯, ֻҪЩʲô
ҿ԰ɡͬҲԲ, һ棬ԺȶǺܷ㡣ֻϵͳṩвϺ͵, Ϊ˷ʳ
е㷺ڵ۽ǣҾҪԵʳʽǳȥ㲶԰ɡԼ޹ɱȻֱӴȥˡ
Ȼôʳ鷳Ǻô˵, ͺ칷ȥֻӻҰ
칷ȥ, еƵһֻۣίͰ͵ˡǰֹһ䣬ҪСѩŮһ¾ͺˡ
еϱͦͦ, ݺݵ˵ҪǲĻҲѩŮ㶳ɱ飬Ȼ̳ɴѩŮͬȹӵģ
εؿһԡΡտʼȰǲҪܣǺֻ֮Ҳˡ
ڵȵ֮ǰҪ伢ġ
֮Լ˺ܶࡣ
𣿲Ǳ˭չأ
ùȥˡ赭д˵Ҳûϸ룬־ͰԼƺõĵͼʣҪһĵ⣬ÿô
ʵͿˣֻݸùϸٿһ飬Ȼ޵Ư㵽ӹξм𣿡
ףô֪ӹûź뿪Σżĳء
һֻ˵ġ
ֻҪʮӣܿͳһСÿտҲĶӺࡣΪ̫ãһʱҲԲ̫ණ칷һֻʷʵĻӴֻ֮һߣͳԡ
еƳһѴ칷Ķ䣬㲻ӰëϴɾٴôѽȥŪɾٻ
ӲһˣҿǸ߹󡢴Ĵ칷ôҴӡ
칷Ҫе֮ǰôͳȥԡˣһ䡰ǵȻΪ㰡еûаԤ뷢ʣǳ˵һ䣺֮ǰô˼ȹˣΪܸ߹󡢴壿
칷룺ǲû⻰û˵ֹֻԹվСſڡ
ʲôеƾôУֻ칷ͻȻȥ
칷ʹб磬ȥӰסһ˲䣬ٴ÷ᵽʱֻƤëѾûˣһƬ
һСʽʵԣѧˡ
˺ߣȥӰ˵飬רİáʱ񣬻ʵҲϲԼģֻһֱû˵ѣĻֻҪȥٻܹһᵽߵİɡ
ţͰˡ
صȮɵӹߣôϸķǵҪܳʱ䣬ڼ仹пҪҪȷӵ״̬֤ŵʱܿԼӣټĳ
ЩӣӹϿ˺ܶ࣬ΪǰŹ϶ûʲô֮ɫֻϵͳװ׵˵Ѿǿ̫ãˣһŲȥģֻüӰӵ㣬ȫõ⡣
ⲢΪ˳ԵģûжĵߵζʹʹȽӲ䷽ڵıװΡ
ⱻ˴ˮ״СΪ˱֤ȶԣΪĵⱻ΢һ㣬ӵҲǲڵϵƣ˰ӵſӣϣ໥ӡӣڵƽĻƽϣۣҲĵط
Ծһߴ֣öˮ֮ġȻ˵Ļ࣬ȴܰ
һ£ζˣֻٵΡһ£óƷȥˡ
ɺҪ뿪ȷӻһʱ䱣֮õĵⱣãźȥһЩط档
Ǻڵ磬ǰˢ֡񣬶ûкúȥһλˣźһ
ƺ֪뷨ȥǰȥĵطЩطԶض졣˰֮󣬹¹Һˡ
ԻˣûʲôʾҪҪȥ˵һ£
һȻҡҡͷ˵ܿҪ뿪ˣߡǱߣ֮ȥ˵ġڲƻʱ鷳ˣлл
ҾͲ˵ллˡνػӻ֣ʲô°ɣҾͲȥˣټ
ʽ˵ĻǴɣǺѣԭϵͲõЩʽιֻһ㲻ˡ
Ƕں˵뿪ҵĵϣùʱæһ²ƣԼˡԭ˵ǵռֿƵڿƺ
֪ʲôط֪Ϊλ֪ͣȥ֮󣬻᲻ٻȥܲ뿪ߵ磬Զߡ̫Ĳ֪ʲôûʡΪ֪ҲһҲȷδʳˣֻƽİˡ

ʮ  İ

ʱ䲻ȥ, ʽ̧űõĵ⣬ߵҡ
, ˶˯šз֮, ׷ǰ˵, ֪˲̫ʣֻý˶ˡ
Өݰѵȵط, Լ𿪰װ, ȷûʲô֮Űӻѡ
֮Сķǵ̫ˣֻˮ״СġҲûշơĵ, ֻɻƽĴСŴһ, ܵԵʵ
Ժ۾ƫͷ뻽Ů, ȴ˱ƷŴķǵ⡣
һӣݵϣ裬Ůϡ
Ű̧ȥµӰ̫, ֶ̧ѣ, 𣿡
ֻǷŴĻӰȻش
̾һҪûƽЧȴȻķǵ⶯ˡ
ԭµ, һЦǣֵվڻֵֻתȦȦӲǽɵȹҲĲһǵĶڷлһĲˡ
з磿ֲ֪ʲôʱӵĴˡǰأܴ磬Ŵһ㶼ǹŵġ
һƬƬӣ괵һŵԼԼź͸衣
¶ҸЦݣ˵˾䡰ڵȵˡʹ˱۾ؿҲû
£̽һĺȻߵĺ̾һ䣺ûкˡ
ȴû˵ͻȻ嵽⡣
ǸǵĿЧѾȡˣȴڱӣ˴׳ĸϵӷĵ£ȻҲٳɳţξǿӣģ
ͬʱңԶĳһӣҲѸٿήţʢӣƮֱӣ
ô£ãȻؿһϵб仯һߵҲ⾰ţüͷ㡣
Զӣӣɣⲻʱ˵ļʢˡ
һӰи֣ȴʱģѾˣɫϴЩ⣬ȴȳͷһ
лǵٴһ𡣡˵ŵʱһɫȥƮվԡȺżУļżһ
㲻Ϊʲôı仯
ٴδһ˵ȥΪйʵ̫ᴦӣʷԣϲ͸裬ҵꡣĻϿ¸䣬Ϊûķɣϣܽҵ⴫ӡ
˵üӣҸʹʲô˵Ҳ֮ܿİϢ
û취ֱϴӵξУҲſһϣΪҸ񣬶һӣҲˣԭ壬仧
һǸǵͲǵĵˣפѾ
ʽ£ͺڣһʯողĽܳȥ³֡ĵйصĻӦûʲôġ
һҲһܺõ¡ֻӣĵط̫ãѽҵլӸռˣҽЩ껹ȨƣֵĵزǾ鷳ˡ
ƺ֪ڵʲôǿ˺һۣȻ˵ҵ£һʱ֪󳼣飬ýѰӴȥ
˵ҵˣǶ˯ءùⲻȥ̽˴ߵЧ
ڽļʵɷĺӣƷлΪһЩõˣӵĹȥ֪һЩֻһس뷨ûаһֱ˵ȥ
ܺİһˣҲǺΪġ
˿ڱͲ࣬ǻլԺмǿطӣӭȢĸ֮󣬲֪˼ʵĴͻ飬ʹ׺ܶ£ҲҪװ֪׶˵ȢԼİŮˣĸȴֻһӴźˣжǸΡٺͰᣬڽңҲҼҺ˶밮һ𡣡
Ȼ˼Ҽô˵ˣҲšֻǾжһ֣ʹ޺֣ҲҪϱ
ӹĸѾˣڵֵܡ֪龭֮Ҳʮָ̾û뵽ӵ¾ôĿʹԶļңɣÿĽգһҵ˽ȡһЩ轭ңΪǹıꡣ
¾Ļ
ɫ䰵ϵͳٴûȥˡ
̲סǱߺ㣬ᵽҵ𣿡
һȥġͷֻҪģҶ̸ϵߡԣ㰲ٺ֮󣬾̺Ұɡ
ϣһ̶ֿ
ʽԶԶšһҲ޷ѹһѸͣɽȥȴڶˣʹҲںڶķΧڣȴֻܿʧԼϵκεط
ϣ֧סɡףʹٴٻǹܴ˴ڲͬ硢ͬʱҲˡ˺Ҫȥء
ʧػصߣ̾ʱ빴һڲ߰ɣҲȥκεط
⻰Ǹ˶裬Ϳ뿪磬ҲԹ

ʮ 

С, С
Լͷκǣ߻һϤںǳ, ˺ô۾, ֺԼ衣
С, ô˯ˣðģ, ǳȥˡ, ߷ͼҴ¥ˣҪĥ, ְѾڳȡˡ
̫Ѩ, ܾԼƺʲô
ˣҲǴԽ𣿻ʦϷϵͳڻŵ·ʱ, ԴŽҵøϽУ
֮ǰ֣һĻĻسԺС˵Ļ·ڶߣץԼıۺ֡
, õҵһؼ, ھ㡣ְɣ
ңԶʱеĺһ¡
ôˣƷеɽɻؿź
ߵ, 㶵ؿҵĴ𣬸ոǲںңѾʮˣھƶڿǽء㻹ûлصԼ𣬻˵Ѿأ
֪һֱڵһˣֻʽ񶼲Ը˵ºġڹǸ˰ɡ
´󺰣ߣ
ʼʦʱͥԺˮеġӻһ˹˵ð
´źƵͥԺѾվˡ
£ŲƻȥǺҪȥĵط
ɴ۾вǿҵڴУȴֵԼˣҿȥˣ
ͷȷʵںе鷳ԭǲɵģһٻ㣬ͿԽԽȥǵ˺ܶϵ൱Ǵܾ֮ǰʱϣһȥÿԽЩʱߡ
Ҫȴһǧ꣬
һǧʮ񽫱ȻڴˡǶԽԽǸʱھͽȥݣ¹Լ塣Ϊֻһ˵Ըڵġ񡯣ſԳŹʱĳӣȵǸʱ
ʹҲзյġʧȥǿܲڽʱȥҲһ⡣
е֪֮ʹðôķգ㻹ҪȥȡΨһĿ𣿡
Ҫһǧ꣬ôأûлش⣬ʳԼʣĶҪҲҪȺܾõĻѹİɡ
ԼѾܳˣһǧѣԵȣ࣬Ȳˡ
̾һ֪ѡˣֻҪڵȴĹиӦϢͿԿʼȥѰ˵֮󣬵ǰʱ䣬Ҫȴʱ䡣
ͷ֮λͶ˷ڵĺˮС
ҡ
һҫ۵ĺˮʢſ񵱳ġҵһ
ԭ׽ʧˣµʮ񽫽Ը²
¡ϵʽڴˣǸĹϵΣʮܹΪһģʧȥһλ񽫣ﲻһдûС
ʵҾͦõģ̫пʼˮȻҺǣʵ֮ǰΪô£Ҿʵظ飬ԸʵֻΪǲϲߺɡô˵ͺˡ
ƿۣеɫǽԲյۣḲסԼ˫ۡ
ҹеء
ɫļУÿ˶ء
ʱתƽʱˡ
ǸԸԽԽ٣ʦҲԽԽ٣İңʱţҲͨ
սҺȨĸ棬ǿʼ಻ԣ֣Ҳˡ
ǿž޴ӣ󣬱ӵǿչ⣬˲ţֻмľϵӺΪػܹƮš
Ʈİҡ
ԭֻһĺˮѾɺˣŢĵ£һССš
Ӻһۡȿˣ˲⼸꣬ڵԼİˡǱʱˡ
Цţһͷ˵ǰתƵһȫλðɡ
𣬼ʹ֮λһȻûиı䣬ǴŻһ֪һ㣬ӽ֮Ե˸ʿɽ֮С
Ǹɽʹ緢ʱɽѩǶ˵ĻɽڻܸӦһ˿ġ
ӽӶɽڣ̿ʼȡеĻѸѿΪɽڵ緢ˡǿҵĻ˺ơ
ֻˡһۡȡһֱϵػذ˺ĳ˳
΢΢һ䣬ʾл
ʧȥϵӣӺӰɢȥʹֱһ̣ǶӶЦģؼ꣬ѾˡǰһԸϣ֪మ
־ٶ꣬ʿɽһ緢ڴͬʱΪǶԽԽ٣ʮǵԽԽҲ˳ߡһ̿ʼû¼ˡ
ʿɽеĻԽԽ٣ΪҪȡĻ׳ԲʹҲû緢˵һ¡
ҵһǧˣɽû˵ڻɽڣȴŸ֪ĺڼ䣬־˶սңĽԽԽ࣬ȫ˲ͬò

ʮ  µ

֮, һỹûɵе㵣ġ
ϵͳ
û˻ش, Ҳ, ֮, ϵͳͽ˶İ󶨡ʵ˶ûУҲûлӦ, ʼԼǲһˡ
ǽǸڡ
ӽȡ, ĴϡǷ˿ƳɵָǺ˳ġʱоͷ, , ʱֻĵƬͺˡ
, ҡ
ŷʱԺͻȻ˺
ģվѴȫȴûٵõκλӦ
ʱڴˡС, 㣬ֶ绰ˣ
ΪҲû, Լĳֵ¥ѾǲԽǰʲôˣְ֪ôͻȻҪȥԷΪ˲ʲô, ֻܸϽš
ְֶ˾ƵꡣǴȥһѡ
þòֳǵĻǴķչ˵֮ǰȿһƿơ
ҾƵϲ˵Чʻߵģ˸հѾƵϣԱ̾ͶˣһɹˣǺȾơ
ǵ˭ˣְһһδǸйصġ
ƹѲְֹȻʼѻתˡ
ҲûˣҹŮڷö꣬ȥŻǲʶְָ˵֮ͷʺá
ѧʦġҸҵǾԼˮƽޣʱŲһҵ꣬Ҹطȸ˴򹤡ⲻѰ˼ţСҵ㿴ܲܵ㹫˾
ҪԼû漰ʳƷһУְҪˡҲǾ˵ͲЩĶܰѧְ־ȥصҵҪԺһ㡣
ͷܾüĸ壬ڹ˳ĵ֮󣬾ͻؼҶ˰࣬û뵽ðְôġ
˵ûˣƹϵҲûô
ȻһھƣûôԲˣ¶еı飬˵Ҫ˵£һпܰæšͶʷزʽˣ³ʽ𲻹ҾͰǸĹ˾һձ˾
˾ˣڲԴģֻҵĹϵֵ˼
ְ֣˵ʲô֮ǰ˵˺ܾãǴȻطһˡһʱʵûиҵĵʦ˵ҵûȥ˵ңӷ֮һȥձѧϰ꣬ȻٻԼĵꡣ
֮ǰԽձĸ磬Ҳ˸ȫͬķζ˵ȥѧϰ겻ǼٵģʱҪáͬʱȥһЩطߣȻ֪һ磬ٿһ߹ĵط
ô˵ˣְֻôס⡣ֲǺؽˣԺҲٴϵ˰ɡ
֣㲻øôðְֵģҲǰǷཱܶƬôȥһЩ´һ£Ӱ쵽ҺѧУʦٻ֮󣬵ЩýҶĻûطҪҡ
Ҫ֮ǰֲʦҵôҲ
ְ˵ĺ棬֮ǰǷ˳
ļ򣬡⺢ӣǱϲǣҲ֪ʲôܻһ㡣Ȼ˵ûˣҲ㡣㲻ϲ𣬵ҪȥѧУǿˡǲϣԼİãóǳܵľͷɣ
˼ͷȷʵкܶʱ²졣δԽҲѧ˺ܶ࣬ѧϧһЩ
֮İţ֮ǰùġ
һ£ȥҵԼĵʦ桢ϿҵǸȻμӽıȥȱԭҵǸȡεĽ
ڶ£ѷСʰģָǰֹϵӡ
£ȥձѧϰǹҺõĵַȻȥĳЩط߿
ļ£һԼ꣬ʦװΣڷ֣Ժ̵ĳȻƳʱɫȻеĺĺʢһ뵽ĳ;Ȼõ趨
ÿС꣬ҪԼҪԼοں棬װϣ͡ΡζҪҵо
˵ڻ֮һϡ財ʦǰ֤ʵõһġûظƷΪ˸õ뷨
ʯమ֮˵ӳճĸ飬ǲ貵Ķ
ӺǵһҪԼͺΪ⣬еƷϵ
ǵˣ͸ʣˮЧ
ǰɫģֻΪ˷ֹ۶͸ģľɫԳɫȡ۵ľͺáҵջҪƷģ͸ʲֻܵ򵥵ζеζҪײĵţԼʹۣҲǺҪһ֡
˳ڵ⡣
ڲãһ޴ĺɫúɫǽģ䷽ϵһ£ʹüǽӲ󣬻ܴ࣬ױи
֮ͺˣ췢ĺڷںɫϣգƺ˵ʲôɿһ㼫Ĳɫǽǵ۾ǵӳʲôĹ⣬Եúһ
ЩҪεĶãȻſʼ͸Ľʵⲿ֡ȰõЩѾ̻Ľ֧ţװ֮Һ̬ʵģСȽȫ̻浹뵰Һ뿾濾
ȡģĳ̬ˡ
üϸ룬ȥ͸ڲһСһ㣬ĶСһԲԲ򣬰򳶳͸ʱƻĲֲþͿˡ
β֡
ĵߣʵİ彬Һע뵽͸УﵽʹΧЧڱһɫĩڵΧϸġʯƷˡ
ڼ˺ܶΣȷûʲô覴ãζҲ֮ܰŴȥķɻ                        
лҪ˵ҲˣⱾĿ
˳աǴ¼ǸҳϽǣиרݣȥٵһ£ղشߣݾͺ~
ôôߴ

ʮ ﱸ

һԼźõ֮, Ѿһ֮ˡ
Ĵ£, ԼҼ˷, ܵɻķ̶ֳȺ, ʼٴ硣ʵܿɰϸϲ, ܿ˺ܶѡ
ûҹ, Ϊѧѧ֮ûôѧϰԷϷ, û취ҵʵĹȥ, ʹȥѧʲôҸרҵĹ, ԺҲһЩ
ҴAпˣҪҴ֣ɡ֪Ժͣױ۸, һѣӦҪ˵
ܺһ, Ȼܾ顣ܾʣֻҪ;ˡһһ㶼˽⣬˼СѧͽǮ
Ҳȱǵ㹤ʣû̸¡ҪﱸԼĵ, պðѰץ׳æŲĵ档
ۣͼ𣿺Ưĵͼ۶ðŹâ
Ҫƹ˾Ū˺üŶڵֵһµĵ淿ǰĵط滹һ䷿ġ
Ĳ֣ʹɫĵשһҪΡӵĵطвֶ˵ŵĺɫĵγǿҵɫʶԱȡǽ϶϶Ƶǽִֽǽֽûߺɫǲ˴ϵ½ɫãϷǼ·ǸɫһǽгŵĻɽͼ⼸涼ֻڽɫĻϣ׺ǵͼ
κϵ˸졣
Ͱ๤һ£ǿԿˡʹõĲ϶Ǻܻģֻͨ죬ͲصȾ⡣
ۣҲгɾ͸а§ֱۣСٿ塣װ޺ˣʲôʱ򿪵أ
ѺĿԤȣ԰˵ȰƷȷ˵
µ겻һƳĲƷҪһЩͨĵ⡢㣬Ϊµ׷ƷڸݲƷܻӭ̶ȣٽиȻڷµƷ
ĵġе߳ء
ڰӹȥ֮˺þõĴֻԴϴٻ֮Ҳû
ðںϵҺԼֽдд붨׷Ĳ˵
һװ֡ٸһģĳɶͼΪװΣԺɫǸΪ壬ɫ䣬Ϊһ
ֽд£֮⽫µ֮һ
һװεķƷġҵΪûЩʵʳģζ΢һǾԺġ
ʲôأñͷ°ͣ۷ſա
Σεٻ˺ǺҪߵʱͻȻʧȥϵźںڰеͣغ֣ȴû취κλӦ
оֵĳձ
ţǲҪڿ֮ǰȥձһˡ
ˣֻȥ˵طأ뵽ǰϵͳÿδԽҶһ˵ϣ
ֽʣʼֻƱ
һеҪȥձһˡȰæһܣһԺвƷ󣬾ͿԿˡ
ûҪȥʲôʲôǶԵģһԥûеӦˡ
ȥ˰ҵĸȻˣﰲҵλãʷûʲôϵֻǸĴ·λϻƶѡ
˰ңȥϺïȼ總˹䣬ֻûиӦϢ
ʲôʱϢ
ڱƵţ˺þãŻصƱȥɡ
ŶȥʿɽûܰĵƬŸиԪҰæ˵ҪʿɽС˵棬ڵͼƬʲôĶҪȨҾҪԼʵĵġ
Ϣûȥʿɽ뿪ʦ֮ǰʿɽû緢أʲô˼ľ㣬Ժûдȥ
ԺҲлˣθɴȥʿɽɣͻ˰Ϣողûȥʿɽ첻ȥˣȥʿɽһˣߴٻȥ
Ҳа˸ƬһֱլŮʱڵĶԪѱϵΪѧһͼͼҲ߼ײͼʲôģӹòģƳٿڡ
µڶȥʿɽ۹⡣
ڶܺãڵεָ£ߵĽ档
羰ûЩɽأ΢ЩʧˣҲɽЩƬڰҪıգҪʿɽȫģ֮ǰĺˡ
˻϶ǽһԵЩįɽڣܾʲôϸϸһʲôûСǻزȥˣɽϵı˯һҹɽҪϢһС
ʹձҲûкӰʶҲˡ
ſ˯ȥҹε˺
ҡ
һڻҡҷӰרעؿ˵ҡ
ɽĵڶ죬гؿ˸ʿɽãջûͣˣνĴԽֻܰһ翵ΣԼҪҪʵԼ롣
ϻعķɻһڻɽھ۳һӰѲ߹·ɻּᶨǰš

ʮ  

һ
عһܺ, ġҵˡλúܺãѧ, һ, һʦࡣѧиʱ, ܶѡŮѻˣͶ˺ܶǱڿͻ
ѧǶ֪мҵҪ, Ҳûȥ, ֻڿҵǰ죬ڵڷܣںҶϰˮһǹ
ҵ꿪˰, һȺŮ߽, װסˣر, ֪Ķòóԡ
Ůкܶģܱߵĵꡢ꣬Ƕȥûļر˳ԵģԷµ֮, ̾ʹˡ
棬һԱ
Ƶ𣿡һ˵, װ޶ôĵܻ꣬е֮ġΪ¹˿ͣѯԱȽס
̨ϵ۵˫ֵݸͷŮ, ˵ǵǼ֮ɽС⡢ĵ̢лɽСȼĵŶ
ȻڲǶ죬ȻƳȼĵ⣬ձ֮ġ
˷ձĿζĵⲻķ壬Ҳ̫ѵֻͬƷ֣ڸкϻģһ󲿷㰮ߵθڡ
ȺŮһˣһ༶Ů۵ֱʵ￴һᣬžÿ˵һ˰Ƽ֮⣬һĽ˹һ⡣
Ϊǵһ˿ͣǿܰŻݡȷϼ۸ǿһۣ̫ôǱߵɣյܽŶ
ŮΧһϣ㻥ཻƷЩ
Ŀڸгеζݷ絰⣬ǼвİɿĿζ䣬ģһ㶼塣ŮԵˮɿ⣬ı飬ƺѾȫ۷ˡ
ⲢûбƣһͨĵⶼôóԣôƷأ
˶ȲԼһ׵⡣
֮Сһ飬мǸɫĵ۽ôĶֻӲҴһ㣬һСھûˡһ֮ŮͻȻе㲻˷ˣζ֪ôݣ˵嵭ɣԵʱ־ÿζκܶ䣬񻨴ӻǶ䵽ʢɫһһݽһֱζŨʱûо壬ֻٻζһζ
Сɽȼ˫ɫģżɫĨͣϺɫĺ춹͵ĹСпǲ㵰ļľͻϾ죬ĽֻǱԸ߶ѡƷŮøողһС鵰⣬ȥմ˫ɫĽȻСĵС
ǺóԵը֪ΪʲôŮܾζﺬźööУһҪһвɵôһˮ⡣
˲û
ĵ̢ӣζģӣζȫӰζɷۺǷۣĿڸм˳ŨִȻζȫǷˣжңζж¡̲סٳʣµĲ֡
Ľ˹ֻ࣬ǿζͿڸҲȫԽԵƣŮԼǰԵĶǼĽ˹
Щ˲ûлƷΪǶûסԼһ˳ԹԼǷݡ
˷²֮ǻ࿴ֺЦˣǹֻ򼸷ݴȥ԰ɡ
ֹҪѵѧУǻҪͬѧǿưһôǻûԹôóԵĵء
вһߣƷĵͱȽ٣Թʴı׼ҪԼģȻù˿ǵһºҲԭԼԿڱȡúóɼ
һܿȥȵ̫ʱСӪҵѾһǧԪĶ۲ͣһô࣬ҲǳϡĵԱ˸źȻʹʰʰˡ
ɫϼ͸ĥɰӳĻɾһġҵⰲռһǣûлǵע⣬Ϊû뵽ôµĶȻǵ곤ĵ⡣
ҽԼȥcosƬһԴӱ֮󣬰ֱǸӣֵ֮ߣcosplay˵˲ٷ˿ء
صĵЦð㣬°ʱˣȥ
ֻʣһ˵ʱ̲סŵ淢Ϊʲôȡ֣Ϊʲôװγأ
Һ㡣
̾䣬ſڵķ𡣵һǴˣô˽ţתȥһۡ

ߵǰͷ˵Ǹõˡ
̵ˮ˵̵Ľһ˲бľǱزᣬҪո̫ʲô˺ڣ˵ֵ֮ԼΡ
𣿡ĸںϣ濴ԼôҲֹסǰһжģġ
΢΢ӣһƬͣҲŵĺᣬǸ֮ǰСĳ˯ˣûܸ֪Ϣû뵽ô鷳ôáˣԺ󲻻뿪ˡ
Һ㣡˵ǰǵҲʲôȷرʶԼĿܼԷֺǰûͬ׽һ㡣
ںؿڲᣬҲкܶ໰Ҫ˵ǲ֪ôڣֻҲס
ô䰫˰ͷź˱ߣǵԼǰֻܱһġ
һ飬ؽͣʮ񽫲ˣ񽫵壬һԸǰĲ̫һ
ĻϸЩɻ󣬡֣߱䰫˰˵۵壬ֻ߱ˣҲǹ¡
һֱӣǵһδֻΣΪҵӶûбкܴ仯Ψкģδ

ʮ  ѰƬ

ǷԽ˴, ŵĹҵġʵ壬һҲ, Ȼܲİ, , Ǹ⡣
ôôİںص֮, ÿ춼ϴЦ, ȫûпʼˡı仯Ȼ۰ֻ㲻ôͻȻıˡ
ܻе̰Ĳ㡣֮ȻԼ, ǳ֮, ˶żʲô, ڱ˿ֹһ
ҪǺɸһͺˡôţȴû¶һ˿úǡ
һСֿ֮Ŀİͷ˵Ҿ, ǵʲôԭ򰡣ǵæô죬ѧǷżٵʱ, Ҳżٰɡ
Լеʱ䶼ڹϣѧУ꣬ҲǱŸѧһżٵ뷨պúˣԴڴлһ
εļƻ, ͻȻʲôһβȥƳŵǸط
֪˵ǴΡҪҪ¡ļ䶼ţΨһˡ
аţϵͳҲ˵ǴβȥġǹŴִı仯̫ˣҲʷûеģǸܿɣе㲻ȷ˵ı֮ǰ̫ˣܴڵġ֮ôҪƵĵطҲĬĬŲǡ
֪ǸϵͳʲôֻǿҵԤУǸطǱȥҵͻʧȥʲô
ѧǵļڵˣȻġȫԱ˼١ܾ˰һȥε룬˳Ӻ뷨תתʲôطǸƳɽơ
죬ŵξ㶼ΪԼүүϼһɽԴӼ﷢֮󣬻ûȥϼˡ˵úҪǨγ٣ȥ
ϼһƫԶɽɽţ·Χɽ޵ģƣ·Ҳƽ̹ź⳵ȥ
Ż·̫ˣ·Σط³̲סˡ
ĺ󱳣ε˵Ҷ˵Դɹˣ㲻Ը⡭Ҫˮ𣿡
ӻ֣ҰײҰ׵ģſȪˮ죬Ϣ˺һᣬŸ˵
ﲻǰȥ磬ǶͨˣϷɵĻ㲻ûᱻȥƬоġ
ĻеȻΰرãû뵽ǻᡰƬײ硣ǣҴܿ˵ĵط˿û˰ɣ
ؿһ۲죬̾˵㻹Ƕ粻˽Ⱑͷҵ֮⻹ǣϷɣǱͷĵǱĵ
ǸɥĲ磬޻˵ˡ
ɹ˺һѺվСϼҷţ˵Щˣȥϼҿ⳵ֻ͵һκƵɽ·Ҫߡ
·Ȼã·ķ羰ȷƯΧûʲôΣգһ˷ɵĸ߸ߵģȿﶼЩʲô
ǣһƬĺڴɽ֣֮˼ۣ䵽ߣҿһƬܴĺӡ𣿡
ɽӡС٣ǺܴһƬԼ޵ļھţȻ̫ȷҡҡͷ˵ֻΣûʲôҲû
ҪǲԶĻǴɹȥɽûмأŷɹĻҲĲ
ľǺܸߣҪеĻͦ鷴ӦģȻ϶Ҫײϡ
߽ɽ棬ȿ·ˣͱٵּ䴩š
ӸߴƬԶǴӵȥĻȴҪЩʱ䡣
ǵʱѾĵˡ
Ҵ񡣡ϼҪǨܶ˼ѾˣݹЩҲҪƵûطסʹ˸ҰӪ
ɫûȥҸƽ̹ûʲôóĵطѸٰȻԼĶŽȥŷĵظźƬ
ʵ˵졣
ɣ
ںСݽˮܿһЩСΧؿĽšû˼עС㣬ǴźΧĻ
ֲʹɽе㲻һϸ˵ĸоǺġ
ץֱߵһմұͨΧǺӲģһǧĸı䣬ߵе仯Ҳġ
е׽Сеںˮϴϴ֣ǰ֪ɽﻹôƯĺȻ½˵㣬ͺˮеµġ
Ҳ̽̽ˮ¶顣
ҾлɽһӺ״ںô˵ŵʱ򣬺ͻȻһ𵴣иرһ
Ժһչ˵ıʱΡ
Ǹڵ°ɣʱе۽صף˾󲿷֣֮Ǻˮӿֳ
ô˵˺Ӧòϲˮֻģˮ͵Ļúˮоʮ
ףȻһֻ档ˡ
ںֻֿŵʱͻȻˡԭһ֣ͻػ˸ƣȻڳһķƽ壬ĽǷɫֱ仯˹Բӡ
濪ʼ񶯣һǸԲӡ
ѸٴˮȥӦѹĲŶԣҪֳˣ˵׼Ҫ۽øϽ뿪

ʮ  ϲ

һ󲨶, ƽԶԶţ뿴ﻹ᲻бı仯
һССĹӺ, ǰ, صز˲, ȻͱһˡǣסȴȫǹĶ֡
ֱҹɫ., ﶼһƬ, ƺٷʲôˡ
ͺһۣصЪ£ٹ졣
⼸, Ϣ, ˵ϼҷӶѾˣǼзֵһһʮƽĶ㷿, ·ȥ
ǲ𣿡ǼҵҲǺԶСʱ͵ˡ
ЦŻΪȥһ¾ˣֲסְæе㲻, ͶȥˣĵƬǿ
ȰȥҽԺ֮, ʰ񣬴ȥǲˣ·бԵҪСʱ, ͵壬ܱγεĺü춼Ҫá
ǨĲͦģ˰˿ڲ·֮⣬ݼһЩƲЩҪҲȱЩ
˵ϼңҲе֡
˵汲мһûʲôɫְһ˳ˣ֮ҲԽԽáιҲǨһӵ˶ܵȥǸĳУԼķӣҸӴ򹤣ҲܺܿüҲԣ
ȥе·ϣֵĵطȥúһСΡĿĵ֮ûĺܶࡣ
ǨƵصбȽƫĵطĵ·ܺã˳ֱ
ҪǰŹܻǶҪӣֱ첹
ִѾ·סˣ󲿷˶ܲϤֻǹֵıˡ
źҷѾ֣ΪװҪԼҸģŴʲôĶֻǼŪһ£ûס
ѸӶƬܱ߻ҲƬ־ˡ
ȥҸסµʱְִ˵绰
СȥҽԺ飬ڽˡְ˵˵һ룬ƺ֪Ҫôȥ
ĵ׷ʣôˣʲô𣿡
ǵǣְ֧֧ģܲ˼˵軹㣬ôˣҲáҪиܻܵˡ
Ȼ趼ʮˣôܸܵءҲ̫˰ɣ˵Ŷ̥ͻһ
Ů˵˼֮ŹҶ˵绰
ؿֻֿҲǻˡֻˣȥ⸽ĵƽɣϾǸи
иȽϳĵۣǨ̸뵽ȥƽˡ豾ͶԵкøУӵĶܱĶϲ
һߵɽϣ˵ɽ׾ԼǶ˵ĵʷƾãֻǼսҶģʷʮꡣ
˵ʲôȽô𲻶ӣеʯϣ·ûʲôˣСﶼûУš
ҿҲûзʲôɵĵط̫˰ɣ㲻˵ִܶ˶ϲ˯𣿡
Զԣ˭˯˶Ҫѧϰ壬˯ӡæɣҪӦҲĩŶԡ
֨˵ʮ꣬ȴ˼ǧһһƿͷĥ
￴е졣
ԥһ£̤Ƭ̡
ҪˡһۣȻûˡе㵣ԼײʲôȥĵطˣˣҲߣȥ
һ¿ʱĺۼʹһȾҲڱһ
ƿţĿһŰСӣڷһĸСӡûˣȫڽӴ˵ĳ
ϵĲԶΪĸӶϲˮ
һ˵ıǿȴ˼ҲаŹͷ˰ɣܿӦҲܿʲôģⱭȴȫûбʲôݣԼ˵˲衣
λһͻȻۣĲˮȫõϡ
ˮû˳̯˳ʲô켣軭ʲô
ʱʶƺʲô
С󣿡ˮȻһֻСģԺʱ£ֻСֱĸȥˡ
ˮСԱ߼ĸ֣Ϊת
տĸ֣ˮ˲ӷƺδڹһľҲģ
ۻһ˲ҡҡͷٶʱǰǵ۵ɽʯˡãȻؿ˺һۣոҲǸһģǺҲ˵巢ʲôΪոȫûиоﲻԡ
ٶѲʯȥǰľɫƺ΢·;еó桢бСҲȽϻԾûʲôʱ
ոǸ۲İɣվڵǰʱǰһȴİġ
űƿʱҲûʲô̶һӭǽȥ
ĵ׻ʣòʺã˵Լ⡣
Ǹиƽ
Цſ䣬˵Т˳ƣ󻰷һת˵ҪǳҲ˵ֻ㲱ϹҵƺѾǺܺõƽ˰
ʲôͷһ֪ʲôʱϹһֻС󣬷ƽ֡
ɻؿ˿ʲôʱֵġˣҲø˵
͸¶һ㾫⣬ȥȡʲô
һӡҿǸƽǸĶʵƽȻʱȲǸȴҲǺöҿԵ¾ɡ
Ѷǰˣֻ˫ðɣҹȴѶ͸ˡ
ҲǿԵֵġⶫҲ˺ܳʱ䣬ҵûʲôô͸Եˡ£΢΢һЦһָʾͿ͡
ֻһͷ뿪ˡ

ڰʮ ֮

ѧź֮, Ҳ˳Ӧ˺١
ذæʰ, ²۵Ҳ̫, Ȼ֮ǰ׬˲, ˭ҲǮɣúһ, ˵żپͷż١ѧ, ҲϲĵⰡ˸ǱԹˣ˵һżپ򲻵ǼҵĶ
ż㻹ġ˵Ҫȥμʲôcos𣿡Ҫһ, ѵ˴ɨ, һ߳ʳһ߸˵
ֹԱļְ, ڼĻҲշģһԱȥһٹԴ˲ûʲôԹԡڰմլ״̬г, ﲢûʲô˶Ҫηżپȥ档
ҲҪģе㲻, ͻȥչһ衣
СոĿݣôһ, ÿԱæ͵ˣȥ˿ʲôɡؼҵʱ軹˯
ûд裬ԼһڿݡôûеӰ˵ʲôݶпݵʾաˣֻһܴӡ
ȥӲְ֮Ӻˡ
ֱֱӣȻһ塪һ.塣
ô˭ҿЦҪûƺӶϴˡ
գȥ˳ֻͨһ㣬ظ漸졣
Ūȥˡⶫû˵꣬۽Ǹоһ⣬òһۡ
һۼֱҪɵˡ
Ǹ˽ȥ
졢Ӧǰֻʣһˡ
һ£Ȼܿһˡôˣû취롣
ǺһſСǺˣؿһֽ
˺ֽٿţɣҿɲǼŶôǮôջеƷء¿ߵȽ庡۸ЩǮͬΪѣ˷ҾͲף죡
û֪˭ˡ
ǣ粻ΪʲôԭͶ뿪֮ӦöĴڲŶԡ
Сˣ㻹мСԼҰҲҡ
ͻȻ˵ʶӦһãȻͻȻӦҿи.ء
ϽźȥˣһᣬҸ·Ű庡棬˶ܿġ
ԥӦˣһ˳ȥû𣿡
ûû£Ҽ治Զ̳Һܿͻˡ룬˵㵽ҴţҰٳȥ
̫⣬ҴȥһʿŵԱֵСͷź࣬ת˸Ͻؼҡ
Ⱥ·֮һ󹾹촫
ãȻؿӣε˵棬ƺ
ָһʳʳԼԡ
ʵͦ˵ģζԼ԰ѺܸʶǣҲζû취ʱʱ̶̿ˡңҲһ⡣
СͻȻƿķţȻ󿴵ˣ˳ȥ¿ŽǸ˻ûʧ
˻ˣ
ͻȻ飬ֱ׽ڴֱӸʲôֿ裬С˵·߼ģû·ĹУҿʹˡ
ÿɵӵдţΪ軳оɵϹࡣ
ˣֲСӣѴʹɣڷСӣ¥ųԡؿź򣬾ǸʵӣϾʹЦ⡣
һԴȥˡ
裬û֤ܲ취һǰϵͳ﹤ģΪڼרչϹʹְĹϵǺܹġ
֤Ū컹С£ǰûм¼ʯͷĳһ鷳ˡ
һۣ㲻ڹ˸ڡɣֲÿôԭǻѪġ
ѽͲ͵ļ伣˰ɡ
һС˵Ůô˵˲ԲһеûģȻһҶ˵ӣиͬѧ޸ˣǸݻͦߣܸܲݡ뾳֤Ū
ǹϵĺôˣȻᳫʱȷʵû취Ҫȷû⣬Ҳæ
˴˵绰Ȼž͸Ϲ绰ˡ
ιŮѻˣϻԷ
ȵ裡ֹѵλþͱˡ
ƫͷ˼кӶؼˣ㲻мҳԵ˼ô
ܾԼͻȻһо籾
󲻾ãҲ绰ˣа㣬ѶؼˣҾȻ֪ûеǺѣڻʡزȥˣǵ꿪֮Ǽ֪ߣεȼˣͷÿ
СϢ죬ڹѶ֪ˡϵļͥۻᣬͻȻѻᣬҲû̫ȡ
ںöЩݵʻҲúûشˡֻոͻȻʵ壬ݡѧͨͨûСҪæڻ˵մӹ治ý͡
һٷԵʮ࣬Щֵǲ½뿪ϲӵ㹤ֻУֻԼʰо֡
ȻȥæˡְؿСӻ

ڰʮһ 䶨

ͺʰò֮, ȥļЩͬûκϢҲ֪Աô͵ҵġ
˱˵庡, İԷһ, ǰЩݶԼȥ𿪡
һһԼһ׾ȹװ, дˡҳΪ˴ǡ
֪ˡղ˴趨, δӰҲִ, ӳΪҲпܵġǱиӵıֳ
ڶСĶȴᡣһ鱦ʯꡢͨʯʯ챦ʯ, ÿĴСĴָ, ൱ء˵Ŀڶġ
שͷ󣬴ֻʮſհ׵ĿƬ, ֪ģֻƽǱáտʼ֪˭ģֻǿƬϴܰ뵽½衣ʱ̣ܶūദҲ, ֪ΪʲôͶ
֪ϵͳôˣڴ, ˵Խ֮ҸЩûϵôյЩﰡ
ʦǸƳ綼Ķˡ
ɻ, ҪͰȥõ֤֮ͨĽܣԹȥģأȦӲû죬ҹص㡢붼ȶصߣһѧϰ֪ʶһ߸ĵæ
֮󣬰ҲѣҪᵽһȥԼǱ߿µ꣬ġ˵ġƸĵԱ
ƽҪһ㾪ϲ
꣬ڲճ˲ŵʱ˵ϵͳһԽɴԽһȥ
֪ɲԴźһȸ˵Լ棬ܲϵ֮󣬾ʹźһСӣʵʩԽ
Ϊ㰮ߣֲȥΣյĵطѡͺˡ
ɫʦź֣࣬ԻпܱһԽġĬ磬ͨžȷ֮һڶ֣˶˽ȥ
δԽһ£ûʱȥǵĴڸ̫ˡŦԼ԰۶¸ߣΪʦȻȥζ
δԽ֮ã˺ܶУԼõƷ
ŮûŮô̼ʢŮġΪҰҰݮһ֮ҲΪһǶǵף
뿪֮ǰҰס͵͵˵ҲҪúúõģϣһܿĻ񵰸أ
ȻĻ񵰸⣬ףˡڸ½ͼʱҲԼġںߣԸʵ֡
ȥ֮̾ͻؼһˡ
ճ˾һȻ޳
ôôճҡãƽʱҲڼңֻ°ŻѡһֱãϲŵȴһίͰ͵ġ
òˮԹԱĲӣԺҲЦЦ㣬ҪԿɡ
УɳԶ˻ϻ𡣡
һ裬СŮıӣȻ˵͸һɡ
ԣҪġ
ֱʹŮ˭ġܶСӷֻܰìͷϡ
Ѿͷ˽ôˣôûǽǸСѧͬѧӶһˡ
Ҳǹ̸⣬εذ÷ŵϣҪԼʱסĿţ˵鰡ȽˣҲҪȥˣ
һõͷЦ̫ˡ
Ųأÿ춼ңҵȵǾܼ
ͯͯ˭ϣֻ޿˵ӾͶƬ
ֱСк
ʱ򶼿˼ҷֵˣҲ֤ÿնҪһ񵰸⣬ΪŸǡǰڵȥȫǸӢŮˡôˡѡӢʵȻ޴棬ֻʣһ±ơ
εЦݣһ߸Ск֭ʳһߴ̽ô¡
Скغų֭һֻֻõ֣ǵȻ˵ҽ½ޣ̽С½߼޶ԡСǰԵ֣ΪɽֹʦͽⱲӲһ𡪡СӦҲ˽ġ
ɶ⣬զǰǸɸأ
֣˵е½
ֱİ½ɷǵģû뵽ԼյͽתҪһ𡭡˵תܾԼʲô
ǸɴŮĳƣƳҲ
½޿˿ͺûΪԼСӣ̬ŵ͡һ֣ԺԼ˯ˡ
û֮˵СƶԼʹýƣΪ㹻ǿýתΪۣԼҪԼ꣬ҲϣµĴУͶҵһ
Ǵûصʦ磬ȴȥƳΪ½һʼƻ
ȥЩ磬˺ıǱСӲȥģÿ綼ֻһĻšǵǿγɻþȻһԵɺϻļӳ֣õĻᡣ
ÿ綼ͶôǸˣƾǸ硰šˡ
ʽ񡢿ƶСշѹ壬ǱΪƷΪתΪ㱾ǿмǿ־ԼľģǲûΪȫȶֻʧȥ˴󲿷ˡûǴĻū˸һЩƣдǵ֣ǻ
ΪЩأЩʽиԸڻ֮ǡ
ȡʮſƣÿһд¸Լʽ񡢿Ƶ֡ƻһصز˲Ȼε粻ͬķ
ҵطͶ̥ȥ˰ɡ
ŴЩ򣬺ԼԺһĤһơںǵˣһʼͲһ
ɫãǧǰһһλû̬ĺӴ˾Ҳû뿪                        
лҪ˵вķƪ̫òһˡѡ񿴲ôôߴ~
ϲСʹǣƼһҵĺûѨDDҶࡣĺͬƪĿǰҲдͬˡİ£
[]췢Ǹ޹ by Ҷࡡ
İһʶ췢ʱ򣬻ҶֻΪǸǳʵǿĴ
֪Եˣֻһ:췢޹ϣ

  

ܳȪ, ӰǰʼȪʼʧȥ¶, һ޶ﱱͲ, ͨ, Ҳû˵ƫƧɽˡ
ʮ󣬺иͮͮļⶥðͷһδŵĺɫ
ƺеԼʶһ, С񡢺СﾭԼʱ, ͻŤȥǡΪںף޷ֹͣĳԪصļȡ, Ծû뿪
ֱʮȥ
, һֻС굽ߺ˿ˮﴫٵ, ƺ׷ѰʲôֻСͷ̽һۣ㼫ΪѸݵˡ
ֻģؿ˺Ӱӣ;ǿˡǿ׳ٶȼ졭ĪУ彥ȣеģ
ɵ̤źܵ, ϲظ
ಡһֻĺ
ԭ֮ǰֻСߣΪˡ
, üһڴˡ׺ƤëֵǮأһƵɤӷ˴Ц
һϸЩһסոջڴЦ׳˶ͬ飬ϱ, ȵȣȱȥǲǺ꣡
ֻƾһӡ󻯵ΣֻԶԶȥһֻꡣĽצΪϻкɫİƣϸţֱɽľ֡
׳˶һԥǾȥֵץܻϲĶ˵ҪȰ׺ֵǮء
ֱظܵв˼ˮŵĶ㣬ǷʳͿշе˿ڻص϶Ҳûк³
ֻɽˡ
Ժϲܿĵطİġȫƾֱҷ򣬵˵ĺӵúܼѡ
׳˶ܵûСǸ죬ۿźҪץˡ
ףС𣿡һŮغš
һ٣͵ұߴȥײһСŮĻ
ۣ㻳ˣÿɰǿ𣿡һ۵ŮŽ뿴ֻꡣ
ιСŮǸǵǣ׳˶ĺߵŮǰݺݵв
ŮѺڻ˿ʾ˵ǿǱĺŶȷҪ
УʲôҲƭƭСˡ׳ҪȥСһѣ󺰣𿿽ǣ֮ӣ
⻰˵Ѿеˣһֵ׳壬˲Ͱʳĩ
򣡡СӴһдŵ⣬ȴȥֻݺݵصһǰɫСȻһ㲻ͣˡ
СŮʲôӣֺǺǵسСͷȻڽߣҪСꡣ
СƣŶˡŲһº壬˿˵ȣֻǲűŪ˵ģҩݰϼ죬Ҳָܻ
ոջεĺˡ
ڶɽУɽⲻԶǽǡڽУԼиԣ˵ǰ˸СǣһǾꡣ
ŵ£һȺȥңǰǸճĺˡ
ôԼĺӲǻǣ˶ϰݣϻʯүүͷҳһ¾͵ûˡ
е㲻үԳͨ˶ϣʱʱزʩǲܵڻһֱϵƽ
үˣ˵Ǻȷʵǻǣ׸ˣǰѺŪӵɽȥߵһ˴󺰵Ȼͷҡ
ҿһҧҲ˽ȥ
̣ûʲôȨȴΪԣլǱۣѾܳʱ䶼ûԱˣôǮʩʱôС˿ʼ˴ټûһסЩǡ
ס֣ҼңǲһСŮһСӤܳôֹЩǡ
˵ͷ΢侲һᣬǿŵСӤϵı鶼ˡ
ǣˣǹҲŻսңǽǲŻӣɱˣ
ǰСŮŵòסˣŮĸ״ӺסСŮӤߣӵԽԶԽáȺѾˣûˣӰ
һשͷʯͷҹ⸾ҵֱѪ
СŷƷӣӵԽԶԽá˵仰ɴ۾ȥﻹ಻ʺͺ⡣
ãۿˮشţֻϣֻجζѣϣǰһжʧҲҪ֡
һĪƾճ֡ΪģϷԲ׵ȫʳɷĩûһڹĺۼ
ôҲᣬĵȴҲûӰӡԼԼڸСʱ򣬾ҧĶȮȺ֮£ֻһ£ȮͰʧˡ˵㲻ٳţҲٸ¡
ѵҲŪˡʶ£ãȻֿ־壬ʹԾθС
ѾûеˣҪáãسųĶɽȥһ·ûκ˸ҽӽӣ߳źǻճһ£ӿ־лָ
ڵʱסڽǵ˵һǻǡһɱǣǺöһǱˡȥ˶ɽǵһ㶼ԶԶܿ
꣬սҽͣ˺ܶµľ񣬽Ƶһ˿־г嵭˺ܶࡣŻЩ˻ɽԣ󲿷ִͷĶǡ
лҪ˵ǰҲ֪ǵǰǶҸġԷⲻ롣

  ⴫

ĳտʼ, пʼһԡ
ңԶĶסһȺõˣҪ׽һֻ, ׸, ԼҲܱͨ޵֮·
ƽֻһЦ, ϣֻǲ෹Ҫ˵ʲôʱ, ҲȻȻ̸, Ȼʮࡣ
뽭ڵǣﻹһõˡмֵܵǻ, ǵ½, Լ˵޵֮·ȱн֮Ļ
ǳ˼ܾ, Сĵס̸۴Ǹˣʵ֪ʲô壿
סСϸЩӶȤ̹ǵһ, ѹ˵Ҳǿ˳ۣȻҿɲ͸¶ôҪϢġ߿, ɽǶɽҲۼɽϧûʲôúܣֻܳɽ
˵󰡡ЩǶСǧл, Ҫٸ˵£ȻͼæǣʼټһȥץСӡ
һȺ˺⣬й޵ˣһЩɹ˲ꡣ޵Ҫľ츳˶ܵõǹ֮Ҳ÷սֻҪ㹻ǿ˾ͺˡ
Ϊͨˣ˿ӵ·ӣͱһǿܶ࣬õ˵ָ㣬ǻǿ뷨һжʮ˾ۼһ𣬿ʼȥ׽ķӡ
һǾͻޱѹ͡
Ǵǵķ͵͵˶ɽʼѰټеĿⶼֲ棬ϴĵ߸ӦܿͰĿ궨Ϊ黯εĺ
ں˵˿ʼֻ޵ĻȤζˡ̻˵ԼѧסԼҲ̻ƻ
ǸһǲһģǿҲһǺ¡ԼʹѣѵĻͲҪЩͨ˷ΧŶźͷЦ˵ԼѾ˺ܶɱʹ³ҲܵĲ
Լ֪ɱˣԼᱻѹɽףҲᱻ
˵ûǡһһֱߣġ
ǶΪԼᰲȻɽһֱһȺ֮ͳǰ
е彻ǣǲ˺Ů˵ġͷϴףҲ֪ʲôʣ澹һ˿⡣
ദʮ꣬ǵһˣôܰԲƵˡ
ܵһ˿ɱӿһ˫۽ȺˣԷһжԼûǡ
ԣ˵ĻûֻҪɵ˺ɵĴǶᱻͷֻߺߣһռȻܷɻ䡣
ô˵ǵĵ߸ӦϾɱأȺ˸ˡ
ǹƺǿȫԸȰƷ׽塣һСŮӣûʲôɱǻ
ʮ˰ơŰΧסͳһС׶ӣȻݺݵضС
Сħ󣡡
ʮվڸȦǷ׷ȡ.ǹԶ̹Сħ̼𹥻
ܶʹãȴԶƷʹá
Ρ
ʱţԼʹԽԽѣǰҲһģ
СħԽԽʹͻᱻԽͷǸӳһѳ.ǹ.̽ؿڡƸûܷӦǶûʵս

㣡
ۿȥֻǰһƬڰ
ҪǶȥƴţܱ߿ʼۼһǿǣǰȳˡ
ǰֻƺֻ֣ǰԭ͵ĺλΡһһΧ衣
Ŀг˵ӳĺ죬бҺĺ졣
ûʲôڵıҪأɽûһöӵ뷨ںԺвϸֻ֣ʣһͷɱҪᣬҪеһСһµ
ȵĻѿԺΪģչȺ֮⣬ӿɽĳ
ǡǡ붨ɽûĳ򣬶⵽ɻʴ
ʬҰ
ձ̻ڱΣܿտʼۼ׵磬ںݺݻбкı֮󣬽ֽ˴ꡣˮǼģĻ棬ںϸʴһӡ
½ָһ㣬ͻȻֻȻǧ˿ƵϵʹʦŲҲòһˡ
ɽ˻ɽӿ۽۽űķȥܿ죬еĺˮҽˡ
һڵӺֱֱ˺ס
ſңҪˡôãΪʲôҪô
ԽԽԶԽԽСãȻعڵءôأ֮ǰ˵ЦһȺˣɱĽ㡣Ϊ˽㱨ȴݡ
ֻʣһˡΪʲôأû£ƾʲôҪĿѡ
Ҫ𡭡
һסƵ죬̾һ֮˵õͷģɲܸȻԡ˯ɣʰо֡
ɱˣΪݣԴػҪѹħͷɻɽϵĺ޳ɽģ½̫嶯Ҳǲȡ
һȻֻһߣֻҪµĺȥⱲܵĿ࣬±Ӷᱻֲġ
ٴ֮½ֱӶ˵ҽԸתʣٿԻ㰲ȻתȻоȳȥ

  ɽʱⲻת

½, ҵȺǵļˡ
ǵɷֵܡΥ޵ԣ޹֮, ұӦȫοͽʹ, к֮, ҸһĻᡣ
ǱΪʲôΪʲô, ӽ, ǶȥҴطס£ÿΪ, Ϊ˶Ｚ顭
½˽, λ˵һ仰Ҳһ㲻
Ҫ, ʧ
ͷӱʹظƿ˼ͷȻ΢΢̧ͷģϿҵ˵ȰǲҪȥˣҵȻҪΪ
, һȺա仧Ҳɽ, ÿնڸ̨Ϲϵж½ǵ顣
ֻҪ΢ͣЪһ.ϱܲ׹, Ⱥ鲻ԸúúԼ
һˣ½ƻص˽ǡ
һĲҴ￪ʼҪϿ¼ҪһĿࡣ½һ赤ҩȥδ꣬ΪףҷΪڽܾѣΥϣ㡮һ˳졯Ը
ҽ´󣬲̻޵ÿܿ࣬ͻᱩǣΪṩת֮ԱΪ㹹һ磬˵걻ȫȳѹ֮ࡣ
Σ½ƣʹǣҲỤðꡣѡͺҪһʹСʹҲҪѡ·𣿡
ƶ½ˮ㣬ôҪҽ㻹кúõġ

½һӣаεضһСɽ泤˷λԵĵطҲһһɽֻ泤Ǻ
аԹԸתɽΪۣεؿʼתɽ꣬ŢϲΪѸ٣½ɽ˻󣬲ȥ
ɽ䣬ΧʲôŻһӲΪı䡣ʱǼֹģ½ͬ˻󣬲һɽ
½࣬Ψ©ؼٶȡ
ƿʼΪĵʮ꣬ؼ伸ֻʣһ΢ˡȥǸ޷ת
ơ½ҵƣҪôڡ
ȴȻ֪ˣзɡĻԹҲܱҾۼΪɡ
½ãȰ֪ⲻܡ˵Ψһ֧ŵĶΪͺһõת
ɽĵʮ꣬ƶԼʹз
ֹ˼꣬Լ㵽ˣʹҲܲûȥ½ɽȺˣԼȥ߶Ժ˵˺ܶ໰Ѿû˵ˣһԼҪ˵Ķһ߻ڸ˶ԻҲһַйķʽ
ʵе¡ԹƵʶоһһھ׵ɽʱҪġҪû취ȵ㣬ҵʲôأǣҺ£ѡԼȥһǵҪȥʲô𣿡
ԼǵõġҲаЩ½Ĳ⿴һа
Ҫĳȥ飬ģʽ̻ӡϡһʹˣ궼Ҫִȥ¡
һ죬˵˺ܶȥ飬Żվ㡢ɽһƵĻ档
ȫƶԸת󡣡ӡԼϡ
ƻصɽ½ǰдʹнɡ
½սеĲ豭ȴܿɿ֪֡ģΪתʲô¶Ҫ
еڽ̳ˡйһʹǺޣҲùһӡ֮а˳ɿܣ궼ᱻɡ
ǱϾת
ǶѾ޷ͷˡ½ַͷϣЦһĥ㣬ĥҡ޲֮
һɫһƱͫ׺ûɫ
һһˡԼĿܣھнвϱĥģԻȡȥʱܱǿء
½ĵߣʼѰһЩĶ

  ԸԵ

, ټڣɾ
½뾡ȫƵ, ҪΪѼ, ʱ, ͶЩ飬һΪƷ, Żᱻȡ
ɾ, ԸƷ½Цһһΰ֮·ϡ
ʲôλʲôʱ׳־֣ٶꡢǻ۵Ķʩ, Ͽ, ԻΡ
бɾ֣Ƿһ顣½¶ʱ, ǸǩԼϿԼֻҪΣʱȥֹʵϣԼֻһʱЧǾƼͶΪʱ
û뵽Ҳ޹ߵʱ򡣡½һѪ, Զ׼ήࡣ
ɽһԹʱû뵽Ů˵־ôᶨ, Ҫȥ𣬸¡ԹȻ󣬵ΪǿҵԹԵúǴ⡣½ϿԼ, Ϊ˷ɡ
ɾҪԵ½㣬˽ʮ֡ϼһʡҪǰһֱƣ£ȫֱӺˡǳ𣬵ҲǶ
½ʦ֮ǰǰ
ޣǲǣԵ
½ʦǰһػ
ҲաϹͷڵĺöҲûˡСĵӣҲΨһĵӡϣܺúõġʦֽСͯȡһľϻӣת㽫ߣȥһͽ󷨣ǺܻһˡתԶ֣У󻯵ػµ
ľϻӽ½ʦ˵仰ͱ۾һ׹ϸת롣
½عʦĿˮӡлʦ𡣡
½ΪʱȺ˵ʱ䱻˻ʮꡣ֮󲻾ãźɽ
ףôͻȻ㵽Եˣ½һɻţһ߶Ҫɽƴɽһ·ôǰѻ󣬳ɹ
ǰʱ½㲻ġ
˵½иתص󣬲֪ܷ
½һ٣ŴʦӹãΪҪȺܾأû뵽ˡϧ񿴲ˣҲǵŶҲûãѾʲôû취ǵˡ
˵ˣҲǺ¡½ûԥֱӰתٰʹ÷̽ֻƻͰѷӽ̸
죬½㣬ϡ
һֻСǰֱֱ
ۡ³һʺѪΪеΪߵˣҲ󷨵Ҫˣ½Ҫɵ
һӣΪһ뻹࣬Ҳˡİǣ˶бԴĵطԼʹַܵҲʲôˡ
ӣٿԸʡһתѹֻҪ޸˵ͺˡжĻ˵ᷴƺҲܰȻת
ҾͲˣϣСܺúõİɡ
½ʱߵͺҲ˸뿪ʱ
Ǹ֪ôƺ㣬Ҳ֪ҪʲôǣҾǸܺõˡллҪ뿪ˣټлл㡣
ĻͨƵԺ
ֻԼϵĳּɶһ£һЩİĻ漫Ҳͬʱա
㡭㡱Ѿ̫û˵ˣǿҵʹ˳ߣ㡣
ںߵţǰģŶܷ˲ˣһĴš
ˣҺ¡̵һſŶһסص䵽ϡѾûб˿ԻӦˡ
˺Щ죬ӲŽѡ
ˣǵתɹˣĴŸݣƿЦǣһл𣿡
½ڴʱ˵˺ܶԣȥ˻źúõģ֪ҪȥֻҪ㡢ͬڣͻᱻΪǳһЩ˺
ҲͦõġվϵĻҳʼ̻ɽ
Ѿָкͼ䣬ǣ½֪ĵиҪ½װǰƵġûӡ
Ϊŷ½Ϊ˺ܶ£޵֮˵ļɻ䡣壬Ҳڼٵ˥š
ڰ֮ڵʱ½ֽ˶ƲˣֻܿжװôЩ꣬Լʶ˵ʲôʲôұ
ܻ֮껹ܴ𣿶ⶼȷϣôȥӰ½ĵġ
ǣòİͶڴ֮ǰͻȻסؿڡһֵʹȥʱһڵƵû͵ûš
Ϊʲô½ҲҪأ۾֮ǰ½ԽԽ˲װˣãʲôĻԺҲûл˰ɡ
ҿԣǣ𣿡ƵԽԽСʴҲʴ־ȫ֮ǰ˵ϴů
˵һһֱġ

صС˵www.27txt.com ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ