صС˵www.27txt.com ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ


裨ߣ

İ
κǴ󽫾֮Ůֵ飬ԣõĶɡ
κ޸̫ӣ̫ϧ̫ûϻʵۣκҲûɻʺ
ٺ̫Ծκ屻»ĽѯֳԶפмҲܻء
ױãǰϲСӣһǰκ𽥰ƺǿΡʳµ̫ӻǸͬ뻳ӶЦüۼκ˵
κ峯֣ЦŻˡ
˭֪٣ǰͬһǴĽǧ̫һջϲ
ջϲΣ棬һζ̫ӻҲὫˡ

ݱǩ ж ƾԲ  
ؼ֣ǣκκ壩Σ  ǣԤġΪںڻ  HE 



1

ˬ
ɫڶׯ칬ǽ֮ϣԺڵһؽƵҶ⴩֦䣬°߲߰ĹӰ⾰ɫǺܺõġ
ϧҲ˶ãΪϾͻֵɨĹ˽ɨһȾ
ǻʹһƫƫԭһֱ˺ԵĴڣֱκס˽
κס꣬ǰ̫ϧǰ̫˴λûܵϻʵۡ
κһҲ֣̫̫˵ֱ׵Ѷϣºݲģ㲻˴λλҲزá
̫һƶ˻Ȫκ屾ҲҪȥģȴûȥɣΪ˴ΣǸ˾Ļʵۣǰ̫ͬĸĵܵ誡
誺Լκһֱ֪ΪӺϲǸŮӣǸŮҲǱˣκױá
֮˵úܣתתȥȥôЩˣϲ̫ӣ̫Ǹˣϲ黨ǲݣƽԺãҲ˵ֻκһˣΪʣκĻʺΪã󹬲檣ԱõһǻעҪ
̫ӻûܳΪʵ۾£κҲûܳΪʺ˻ʵ۵ľȻǸ乬Ľ֮õ誡
Դˣκֻһʾǡ
ֵɨÿնӲκ彻̸ֻɿһ㣬˭ͬκ˵ɱ⡣
һҲС
κ屻꣬ҲɣֳСκԶκѲǵȻʱԹңκϽж׻磬ĶκפмҲܻأŮκʵ
ԣκκ
__
ƫʵ̫ƫˣֶûУʱҲͳΪƫɣȻƫƧռȴǲСɨΪ鷳
ƫ乬ãκƫһӳһۼ¡
Ĳϣ͵ĹΣĵƤΪϸ壬̫ܶ๬Ů϶Ƥκȴ˿Ӱ죬͸ʣƤ׵⡣
Ϊһǰ̫κòǺÿģŵɫ£˿磬бޣδʩҷϸ壬촽ۣǴճһ
˿̵˫΢գƽ˯һ㣬ŨܽëһɫӰ
ûйﴩɨĻ⻭浹Ҳ¾á
󲿷˶֪סƫλ㡱ǰ̫Ҳûľ
֮ԽС㡱Ϊκ岻ǻʵ۵ӣûƺţҽУйҲʣϾ޹ˣȥǽнãԵԼκᣬͦġ
Դǰ̫źκһûûģڵĻҲ֪ʲô𣬽Ľƫ֮УȻرء
ʮƣ֮·˽֪ȴֲʣ˭Һ˵û⡣
ЩɨΪ£һȥˣƫԺûɨ꣬ۼžҪŵʱ˷׷ɨĹȥԷˣһСŮɨվԭز֪롣
ڰ
κ建ۣ۽Ụ̃˫Ŀ貣˵ʱƴˮǸŮӡ
κشӻƻľվʱСŮæƿ߲Ҷ࿴һۡ
κԺﾹһûУЩ㶣漴ЦʵôһȥԷ
СŮ㶵ģ촽˶׼ĻȴȻʲôƵģӲס졣
κӣȻǹǵĽ̵ƫ£ͱս㣬˭Ҫӻòͷȥƫλǰ̫죬ڶճ̫
κ֪ԼںеһĴڣ˿գ˵˵ֲܺˡ
СŮҽԼĻκƲƲ죬תͽƫڣСŮ̧ͷȥֻľתǴһѵȹڣת˲š
__
޵󣬵ڳκ徭߶ĵطദһĻңֻסκһˣûźǴҪźȴر
κ߽ڣߵԼĴͷߣʰøɾֻ̫࣬Ӳ˼գҪˡ
ĶǺģл͸ԼҲϣ񣬻Ѳڣʮǧȴ߳ƫʸûС
ůĹսܸһﾲõģ˾ȥƺҲûôѰ
ţ󣬺֮˻쳣һ㣬ŵǳҿƫƧûһֻϸ΢˿ȴԵø
ƫûκסҲҲ
κе棬Ҳȥ֪ĸĸҹʵӴû߶ˡ
һţȴǸողͬСŮ
СŮųȺɫĹŮȹڲҲ˫Ѿ٣ۣСԲЩɪǾ۸
СŮͷҿκ壬κһţæŵһ׷ƵκУȻѸܿ
κ忴˿Լеİ׷εС˼ûԣ
˵ʵʢһҲ£ʵڴֲڣ׷ϡϡżˮıˡ
йǵĻʳѾԲǣֻһԭǾСŮǸ۸СŮ
⣬СŮ
κȻĽûп˿ĻʳĻʳǱȽϺõģֻΪûźκӶ˵ԼȥʳŪԵġ
ǰ̫ԷӶԼ֣Ҳ֪誰ʲôģҲôİɡ
ģ룬Ѳµĺܡ
׷κ嵱ȻûԣȫƫһֻĴ˵ĺèʹӺˣһвжûУʵûҪ
ˣ˵׼Ǻ£ϧš
__

2

κ˯һůůͺ͵ģʱ̫δƲãԺһǳǳҶ
ƫһŹϵ˵ϰʷһҶһ졣
ۼչʣκһ˿ʼӴЬûֱԺܣ˫ȹǣỺ̤һصҶϡ
ûʲô˼ɵģ課ͬܵԼѰӰɡ
κǱֳųģȴҲǸݰܸױΣӲʲô
̫ӻ豾ϲǾ֮ϵŮҲȲϱ
˵
ʱ̫ӻͬ뻳ƼκʱǴЦ⣬üۼ⣬κʱ룬̫ӻǲڵ֮ҸжãñЩƹĺڰҲ÷Լϲãȥһʵ⣬ڳηĶ̫ӡ
ʵֻúõĸŻӣΪںܾ֮ǰκ¹һ˵ʱųʱҲֻл
˻ʵۣκҲй֮λҪģҲֻһѲ˵Ļһܴͷжðһúסģ˺ȥ
ƣٯӳ硭
ĸƫ첻ˣŮ·
˼Եξɢ˼бԸأĪ꼻һ֡
κȴҲ̲סˣ᲻ҪǮƵµĺ̫ӻ룬İĻȪ·ԭһߵģȴӲ˻κ룬һ㣬ԼֳˣȥģΨлܴů
__
誵ͣƫ֮⣬̵С̫׼ߺһϼݵʱ򣬱
Űɣ޽ȥ誵
ƫ䳾֮Ӳ֪κ徹Ҳᳪ裬ҲܲһֱΪκҵǧСκǲݰһݰ費˵Դױθǿ쳣
κû̫֮ǰĽ誣ϧ調ϲĹһֱΣκĵȵ
ԸأĪ꼻һ֡ʻ̤ƫڡ
κĥκ誴ʱĿ֣誵ЦԸأдԲϧվҲֻ꼻һ֡
κ㲻ϲҪȲȥȪ޸㣬붼룬ˡ
κԭǱ誵ģʲôʱ֪ȻһϽ̧ĨĨᣬҲͷ
ƫƫ誴ʱּһ䣺̫ӻҪĳأҲҪȻϲ˶ˣޱţѰһԶֳ˶٣ֵ˵ѩˣǺģѰ˼ţҪҪߵĽʿЩȥ
Сκıǰ̫ӻģ޼ǵǰ㣬˵ҪСκ֪ñĽں֮ã᲻Ҫ췴
ֻҪκţκǲ췴ģκûмԼֳΪû˵Һ˵һڣתܣΪ±صʿƼΪںκ˵ԺɴݱɣֻҪκ岻˵ǾͰӵʮֳס
Ļǣϵ۵Ľ̫ӻΪޣᵽˣƫһ˫һۣʱüۼһͣͺǳһ㡣
αˣ˳ƫŮԻüĸէһǾԵ޺ҲֻгĿŻһ使⣬ķһ䳤֮صʳ˻
課˵ãһܰκĬĬضԼһһĻʵҲһ̡֣
һ̣ʮ٣Ź֣
ջûסϾ誣⹬û˸ͬʵǲˣЩҪ˵
ת誵ߣκһһصβ֪ȣ֪ҺܿҪ̫ͬӴ飬̫֮齣Ҿʻϣ˸ò÷
κƽصױõķϣҲ̹˶٣κƴ˵㳰ϵϲǱãΪεһݳֵϷ룿
˵գ뵽ʲôֵŶ֪ˣĻϻĽ乬֮أǱ۸ڶԸҲԸһȨƵĻ
Ȫ֪֪ѳɾǳӶҪ˰ɡκ˵ЦЦ󵭵֮޹أδָҩ˺ݶıãʵڹУǱҹǲͻκٲ̤빬а벽ֻ벻ףΪλͶɱ
㻹Ʊ磬ĺ誺޺޵ص
ӡκ廹ǵԽݵκҽŮԸӵ£ҪʲôѾ˼ҲҪõϲκױã˭֪᲻Ϊκ̫ޣԲŶζɱģеȴûӳϣƲ
κμ̫ӻ֮£˵ź̫ӵĹҲֻʣκһˣϾ̫ӻѲ
誵ĻκֵƱ磬ʲôɽƱģĪǻΪҶ㰮ɡ
㡭
ŭκ壬κϷһ˿ǳЦ̾Ī˼룬ֻ̫ӻһҲֻһˡ
ڵ磬ۼŽҲ֮κ޵ʱδЬʱƫ̫ʱ䣬Ŷ춳ľˡ
κתʱƼδЬ۵˫Ŷͨ죬һ˲䣬ЩģԼΪλ᲻ֻӲĶκ忪ڵųۣ֪ߣκҽЩֱܼιȥˡ
κҲת޵ȥȴſʱȻͣ΢ͷǱãһ¶޹ģȴ֪Ѿ˼ЩĶģȥһ鵱£̫ԾźҲδЩ˲ԸϴȥĵĻúòһɣĪҪǣ޹֮ˡ
__

3

ҹ˷磬֦Ҷɳɳͬ˽ƫλڻʹߣҲһֱ乬ҪƧκ뵽誡
誵ȫΪĸ֮Ľ乬֮Уκ͵͵ȥ乬ǸطڵƫҪõ̫̫ˣ룬ʱȻĽܳɺôҲȵ۳谮֮ӣ﹬Ƕǹмӡ
ɻκͲһˣǰ̫̫Ӷˣ˭ҺϹϵ
ҹ¶ء
κ䣬ҹ˯ãҹˣǵ󣬻ʹﾭʮֲľ㤹ֹ£κһЦ֮㺦µ˼ûС
ڼƻ˿˿֮κ˫ü΢Ӵ
ǸСﱥίȴֲҷޣκ建ߵſڣɫƽҪ̤һ㣬Ҫ˭װŪ
һǰͷСŮ
СŮƫԺһܷĽ޿ģȻκ忪ţһ٣ֹͣ˿վ׼ܡ
κȵվס
СŮֹ˽ŲҲǲҲǣֻĨĨᣬûЩʵɤصӡ㡣
κע⵽Žհʱ׳ȺɫȹȻ
ǣ۸˰ɡ
СŮںɪɪκҲ֪ǲֻͬûע⵽ɡ
˫ֱбŲ̬࣬СŮվԭضҲ
κǴûô۶ˣúЦҽ
˻һ޹˵ѽոѾͬ˵ѽҪĻ֪ˣ˵׼ҪϳȥͷŶ
κ峯СŮգգۣ˸ĨӵĶ
֪ǲǴСŮøˡ
ɣ涳ˣˣ𴲣ػصԺȥͲᱻ˷ˡ
ˣСŮķС鲽κ߹ΨΨŵŵصллл㡣
κûתߣСŮذŹˡ
__
СŮнӢû೤ʱ䣬ҪܵܣĸԶӾͽˣһ½ĹŮȨƣƫ֮ˣ⹬ţһѣÿ˵С˼ൽУ۸۸˭ȥ
磬㴲ˮҹ˯˾ۻһȫͷĻͱԷûίҪһ˳۸ģͻЩǻ룬˱һʹأ
κ˽ӢһϣȫûϵģҲʲôνĺģģˣܰͰˣڶһСŮˡ
һ˺ü꣬κƫЩջ⼸겻ϣ紵ģҲܵ䡣
κһһյվڴǰĵطֳǴ֮һֱû֪ǲȥεȥˡ
Щʵκ嶼ˣκˣֳɻã˵ë磬ôӵֳڸʲô
Ȱȣʼûһͬһûͬ˵һ˵Զߵֳ
ҹκ˸Σεʱڵ̫ӻʱĻ£õǳ
̫ӻ˵;԰żȻ԰гһСϸСķۺ컨ۣڳ￪ţңȻЩɪɪӰʢţ֪Ϊʲôͬ˵𣿡
κҡͷΪΣ
ЦΪЩСñ뵽ǵջؾǣĸٵеʱʱﶼ£ȴԷֺǡֿɰ¸ң㲻֪ĸ빬ʵǱ˼
Ŷ
ʱκ壬װȴĶ誣ԣ̫ӵ飬κѡӶ
__
˵һѩһҹκ建ߵ񻨴ǰƿӣһɼΪĺ̵һû
ƫװعããһƬѩѾͣˣճ糺ϼ˿˿͸Ʋ㣬ѩϣ컵Ĺ
ϵĻѩѥȥϸϸġ֨κҲ֪ôģһžֱѩɡ
̫µˣҪ˶ԣһձһѰ
Ӣƫʱÿκѩһһæܹȥе㣬ôˡ
ž֣Ϊκ벻ҪԼѩ
ڣܹȥ˻ǺúõģҲɫЩףָģӢϽ˴ѩ
㣬ѽ㲻Ҫô찡
κǹ˹˵Щ
ӢմȾĻѩĸɾĵص˵ʲôϣԼģⲻô
֮󣬲дûŽӢ֪ôͻȻּˣƺҲЩͬô
㡭ǰЩȥ
Ӣһ٣Щ˱ȥˡ
𣿡κʵǽΪֺȻˣ
Ȼ㰡
˵û죬˭棬κ壬ϧκҲɵͽӢĹϵõҪķݶϣһӢūȻǱʲôʲôκǲġ
Ӧ֪˷ͬ˵ǡ
ҲµġӢһˣϧ
κ̾αء
Ӣû˵κƫ
__

4

Ķһձһպ䣬лĲݿݽߣ˷˷ܿҪˣƫһ飬طŵϲζ
Ϊκ岡ˣͻȻҲ׼ÿڴϣ˯٣θҲã͵͵ѷֻĴ˵ĺè֮£κԽԽ㲲ֻèȴǳԽԽã͹ˮģܳȥΪǹĸ˾ĳ
֮һӢչˣû˹ˡ
Ӣ֪κΪʲôͻȻСʽ΢òŹָŪ˵纮ҩÿҩ˸κȡ
κ岻Ȱ¿ĺܣҪˡ
Ӣ룺⡣
֪ǣǰЩͬκ˵ĻظĴ
Ӣ˵ʲôأκֻںʲôأ޷Զ֮صСκκᡣ
Ӣǰ˽̸ۣ˵СκʧˣһǰˣڲŴ֮أֲãߺ˸ºսɱԣǼײУǲСϣ׶༪ˡ
Ӣ빬ʱ䲻֪κСκʲôϵ֪һϢҲκǰ̫ƫѯκͬҲͬκ塣
˰źκ壬˵źҲ̸ϣǸ֪˭ŵģܹЩûĲˣһ뷨ֻҪκţҲܻĳЩ
ɽӢκÿնģתעͬһеİԣ磺ĸŮźϵʱ򣬴Ļ֦չȥϣȴŭ˻ϣڻϺģֻλŮȥ¾֣ҹײйŮͬе˽ܣŶУСκ
СκӢֻδˣ˵ǸĴ󽫾פ֮꣬˲һսĴ󽫾Ȼʧˡ
˭֪ʧ˻սˣ
ӢǵõʱԼôͬκ彲ġ
ʱκڵͷˮԶȻ̧ͷӢеıӲˤƬӢŵеʵ㡭˵ʲô
ӢСκ˵СκʧˣҲпսˣһ֮ǰϢˣū澵;˵ģҲ֪Ǽ٣㡭㡭
κ͵ƿӢƫȥﻹʧǵ߶ţܵġôܣ˵һģ磬ƭңҲˣ
Ӣں׷κ壬κΪʲôȻôӦԶҲ֪Լ˵Щʲô
Щ㵱ʱӢ˵ܹأһոһգһ긴һ꣬κһֱȲֳ˥ȥ
Ӣֻǰ̸ǰˣֻĿǰ֪ûһ룬ŶãЩ˽ôܱˣĿڴκΪҪκȥ޵
κûܳƫȥƫĺڼױסˣӢġ
ûκôĹ˵ûĸôĹԼĸ۸ûôġ
Ӣκʱܸоϸ΢ĲŴŵµƵģأ
ϣκûԷӢź˯֮ƫ˿ɾĵض˵̡
ļ죬κıһֱƽͬӢһ˶ٷٺ֪ôģκͻȻˣӢҩȫ͵͵ˡ
ͷһ죬ϦҹκһߣԱʢһƵˮȣ״е׺Щ̴л֮ǺԲһˮȣӢ͹ġ
ǽ⴫̻κƫﶼܿ߿ŵʰѤõµ̻ҹյͬһ㡣
Ӣ̻Ź⣬ȲؾҪȥκҡͷȥӢԼһȥˡ
Ӣߺκ̻ÿСʱڽһ̻˵Цһ£綼ڣҾͲϲ̻ˡ
__
ƫ֪ʱ˻𣬻Ƽػ⽫ƫ£ס˶˲ӣǶ̻ȥˣûע⵽ȵӦʱ󺰣ˮˣˮˣ
û˲ĸȻΪʵ̫˭֪᲻յԼκֲʲôˣʵûҪǻԾƫΧˣûԸȥæһͰˮκ尲һеȴӢ𣬿𣬿ûһ˰
ǸɵʲôþȵģͲˡ
κһб˫ۣ̱ǵѬ۾ʻУƺ˵Ρʳµ̫ӻЦŶ
κ年˹ǣ֣ˣٲŪˡ
и磬Ҳڼҵ
κ߳һᣬ˳۽ǻڵأ˲䱻ȵĻɣصĺڰ֮ǰ룺ðڿȥˡ
վвʣһδʲô֮£ΪʲôĽȴҪһлΪҽ
һȼյġڡ֯һƬôģûһΪʲô
__

5

һֱţʣƫϷں̣Ժǿ˴꣬ͬƫһͬ˸⡣
ƫƫʱ˷磬Ѹչһ̵ۣٵȥ˲ˣҲһֱȥյ乬յ԰ǵҲ˵׼
ʱ˿ȥţæ𣬿𰡡
Ⱥ궯žһͰˮһͰˮˣôĻˮ̣ҪͰˮ𰡣ȻͷҲֻʣһ߿ݹˡ
ƫ߶С÷԰볯д󳼵誡
Ȼϡֻλӣ̫»ʺѲˣ̫֮ӣŹ־ģְЦǰǰ̫ӻϵ˻ʵ֮һʥּӾͱھǧ֮⣬ܽһΣֻǵڶ꣬Ȼź󣬶Ҳߣ̫ں֮УӼؼԲΪĽڲμӡ
ˣ乬Ľ꣬һΪۣʵ룬ɲôȻʾôӣϴ϶˻ʵۣȺ˷Ҳֻܷˡ
֮Ҳⲻ˶˼ûлʺ󣬺λ飬й֮ˣǲ˵ԼҵĽŮпܳΪ˾й֮
һ磬ٰ˼ϸ裬˼ʢ
誸ϯϣȺٱ죬ｻ䣬Ц̡
ȴȻһС̫༱Ҵܹһ򣬼ϸɤŻŵصϲˣƫˡ
žƱһ٣˵ʲô
ʵ̧ͷϿһۣܿƫ򱱷ϿһƬ⣬ǷǴȼյµľ
С̫ſڵϣ嶶ɸһ仰ҽǾסƫλ㡱Ѿˡ
ǿ϶ôĻôܻ
Ϊϯ䣬С̫˵ûܻ䣬ȺҲ֪˺ŻˣֵĳһӰȺ
ģôúõľأ治ʱ
뵽κ廹ƫ֪ô£кͻȻһ£ӵеľƱϯߡ
ϣһʮŮ
Ӻݻɫװȹڼ׺͸飬Ǵ߷ܵĴĵ˵ǹɫ㡣
ȺȻԭڻϷŶѾ̫ˡ
֮һŮ̶˷ţ۵˾ˣڹȥʲôôˣδ̫Сˡ
˵ɨһſڵϻδС̫࣬ĵصС¶ʥϣԲϦҹççײײĲͳĹǽ̵Ĺȥûѧã˺ãʡպǳ
һƮƮĻ˱˵һ
С̫౻֮ǰźţ̫̫ūһΰɣͷڵϿˣһ̲ѪҲûһ顣
Ϊ˸Сֵ̫࣬ҲûҪ
С̫дûеģԼɵ£ñϢʱ䲻ԣϲԣ˵ķʽԣʹˣˡ
ҲԹã̫
֮󣬳кЩҪְĹԱǬ׷ߣȻλҹͲСҲΪˣ֮󹬣ҵʱ޿̶µĽǵ֮ϣЩרȨ˼
Դˣ誺޷֮ʱãʵҲʵ̫ʹˣ²ȺȥϲĶҪװϲϲĶȴҪʾϲȴֱ޿ɱܡ
һΣû֮ĻһҪȥκˣ˵Ļ
վȥƫ̫ʹڹ統еȺһ仰Ҳû
֮ԼĶӵһιȻɵ˼ŭָϾĻĳָװԵŮϻ˼ۡ
ҲһСһ̣֮ͷɫ糣΢Ц
ϾҲȻʳһЦ񲻼Ȼ֮ʱһòֶЩݶ
Ⱥﶼ⡱һ£ҲԸҲ̫ģСѱඡ
Ȼ̫󶼷˻̨ϱݵҲüȥʱϯֿʼ
__
誴ҴҸϵƫʱ򣬴ѽŨϣǺǵ̻ζưܲնϵķŨ̹
һǺСŮڵϿ޵˺ѷΣһѽʵκأĶ
СŮ˵ָѾΪһƬĵطˡûۡ
һʧǵܵģ绹ôˡ
ܵġ
ʱ򣬽ǰƫƫ˲ţҲˣһ֮ǰСκκ֮ʧ٣ˣʬ
調ƲסҪǷ֮壬һ־ס
ȥǶȥްڳҪʬǣ޲ôˡ
־ȥǷﻹл𣬼־ȥ̧һ߽ڵĿݹǳ
誼ˣҲʲôʵ۲ʵ۵ˣ͵˼һµڵأ߶ţܵģ޲ţǲκ壬ǲ
û˻û˽Ļ˵öԣⲻκ壬κ廹Ľƫ֮ء
ƫǿðͬⳡһճ˿֦Ҳš
Ͻڰ˵
ʲôýڰģƽ޵˾κˣԼİ֮ˣõֱӦҲõõġ
ԣıӦ
ôţȴȻʹһᣬ͵ˣؿڣٿǾ߽ڵĿݹǣתۣ˰ɡ
Ȼվһһߡ
Ҫ߳ƫʱͷһۺ棬˶æ˵£ʰо֣ɨϲɾĶԼκʬǡ
һ£Ȼʳ谮Ļӵʱһμκ壬κЦŶӣÿ
ʱֻãѾͷ
֪κҵǧ𣬼ﻹסλãΡ
κʱԸܲãݰ裬ҪʲôǵҪֱ֣㲻ϰݣױãô͵һˣκ弰㡣
ϲƴĹȷԼϲκױãΡ
Ǻβ֪ζΨһҵõ˾ֻκˡ
Ϊκϲ誣誶κӡܲãˣ;κģ˭ϲԼء
ãǿ¡
̫ˣˣκҲˣ޽ȥ
Ӧø˵ģѹͿһѪĵߣ޹˼ɣӴ֮ŵĺƺƽɽȴޱ޼ʵĹµͼį
ˣʵ֮λŲһء
_

6

ѩûУĮ֮ûУ̷繳гȺϹĴ㣿
Щκ嶼ʶ굽ʮ꣬ꡣ
ȥѩŰҵÿһÿһ궼ţʲôʱܴصأ
кܶΣϹĴӻҰ׵ĳƮƮʱκ嶼۰Ͱ͵ǣļ۵룺Ҫͬһ㣬һ˫ԽˮǧɽĳͺˣҾͿԸȺɻ꣬ȥǵİ԰ĸ㡣
ǡģκѾǲ̫ˣֻ֪ﳣһԺģһĻҲֻǵǶ·Ĩ޺졣
ʵκ֮ǰֶжȹģĸĴ󽫾κ̫ͬӻһڹӼ飬κΪκмκһǧС㣬Ź㣬˺޲ðۣҪժǣҪȡ£Ǽǧһ
κֻȢһλӣǱκĸϣޡ
ҪǣĽŮ˭ȻκԼκĽŮκ塣
Ϊռе谮Ļʺ󶼱ȲǣʺȻ󣬿ȴҪԺǧͬԼԼɷ
һ˾͹۵ˣôһ˼Ʈˣ˿Ŷ㲡
κȻǸ佫ȴ˷ͬ˽ʱƺܴż飬էһװⶼص㣬صǣκ鰡ȢֻȢһλͨȫޡ
Ǯò壬սպգ˷ֱһߵʻзʻ˲ôˣͱʲôҰҰˡ
ˣá
κԼĸױʾܷģЩﰵκ⣬һζûɹ
ϾκĸԸһһһ˫˵κŮҲǳصġ
κҵŶԣЦŽųȥ
κԺһʱﰵĽʺޣŵǣȴֻķʢ
κ֪׵϶ϼ룬¸סĵطҲм˿ѪЩ״˵ֻ˿ʱƽ˼üͷ
κõ󽫾ʲôãԼĸףҹҹϸ裬֮Ǹİ
__
һеת۷κ꣬¡һʮꡣ
һ꣬κһμԼױãΡ
αСһ꣬ĺܿɰƤ۵ģ۾Բǳ۳ȹϹ˸·һһεģκʵҲУϲ˿̼εİ̸۵ûûˡ
ǻСӣ׾ÿκҲʱ򷢾ԭ޹ˣЦӯӯĳ㱳󣬺ݺͱһ
κڽǱ軵˵ģû˹ܵסڹӼѧѵĸͬĸҲεĸڷ˵
κ˸ĵСȥϵû򵽣κհСʯӰվԼСò֪ûվȻô£ȻԼˤˣˤϻ㣬µֱί
κ嵱ʱͿˣ룺Сú˵޾Ϳޣ˵͵ҪѧУǵҪŸͰҪǳԡ
ÿûͣκǰƵʣСãʲô
˵ôѱǿˣ
ûСκ˵Լ޵ģû
εĸЦͬ޵ѽ㣬С֮ìܺģСʱҲأ˭˭أ
˵꣬ЦȻֶڵϵεڵϿ޿ز񻰣ǲ£ͬ㳳
κＫ˵Ҳ֪ΪʲôޣûܣҲûͬìܡ
޿κŵĵ΢ɼüκҲĸϸ΢ı飬ŵ˲أĸײϲЩҪһ˳黭ͨŮκЩ˿Ȥ
ο޵滨ֹ꣬ҲֹסƵģʵصĸ㡭ҪζϵҲϵĵŻҡ
˵⣬ǴһЩ
κʱ̫СƽʱڸҲûͬˣЩԣͷһֳ棬Ȼ֪ô졣
ɱϾѾˣҲ˰ӵʱϵĶתˡ
֮Сκס˺óһʱ䣬κûҹһΣڵȵҪȥʱκ尭ûеߣֻǶԼԺһŴ棬ĸ׺͸ǳ
ʵ˵ôڲ׵ģκǺһˣģÿͬСһ𣬲֪ǲ֮ͣܳ¶
__
úĸȥú޲ˣͻȻѸͣͷһ컹Цͬκ彲ȥóԵģ³
ððкóԵĿκǵԼʱܿģһֱͣΧĸߴתֱ˻һ
Ϊ̫ԭκСʱرʳⲻǲԣĳӻ˺üûһζʳ
ɣż˻ȥЩʱ䣬κСʱ𣬼ֱǲĵزΪڻڣ޼ǵ
һκò״ӦЩʳκκܲģ
һεˣ޲أ㲲ԼԴӴ
ĴǶ˸飬Ҳʲôԭκȥѵڼļ٣޵ķȥһ⣬ֻκκܽһɲ׼
κʱǶׯģ㲵ݶǲԸԼķ
Ũڵҩ֭һһͽڽ˷ſζνβҩ Բɫһձһݡ
κðҹҪ̫ҽΪ޿еĴ򿴲̫ҽЩӰɡ
ճһλĴεĵʿʿ˵ǼҪˣ
κְӲۿ˵ˣ˿ѯʣӲЩӻش𣺡ǡ
ʿ˦һԼеķκ˸Ȼƶн⡣
κʱ濴˵ʿһۣν⣿
ʿֻЦ
ʵû취£һԣôҲǸϣ
ϣκ㱻ʿһ仰ƮƮظϵǧԶ֮ϡ
ʿ˵븮й塣
˼κĸҪԶ㣬ҲȷʵЦ궼ƽ£ĵʿһκпĸأ
ɵʿҲȷȷʵʵ޵ĲκˣǿκЩ֣ؼϽܿ
κȻͲ󣬵˼ܶ鲻òҲ֪û˵ʲôκȴۼԽԽƧˣԼԺеĳ֮£ȥ㡣
߹ս𣬽Ҫȥߣǰһ죬κһܵ鷿ڴޣ˵Ů᲻øףŮҪ游һͬȥ߹ء
κŲκ壬һѽЦ߹Ǵ̵ĵط캮ضҪǸĵط
κ§ס׵ĲӣصŮСǣҲȥһƱ߹صķ羰
κЦ˹κıӣʲôƵģЩɳʯûһ꣬Ǹõط
κǾ͸Ҫȥˣ׾ʹŮȥۺˣ࡭Ǿòãٻǡ
ܲסκһֱ֣κҲȷʵŮЩҲ㲻ʹȥ߹ؿʶ
ͬ˵£ʼǼԵģϾԼŮô÷ŵôңԶĵطȥչ黹ֲκ塣
κͬһȥ˱߹أȥ ԭ׵ôսԶǿµģڳ֮µǳҲǼ貵ģšе䣬̫ˡ
κԶһװ磬ԼӪʣͷܸߣҲѧԼϵķһֱߡ
ߵ·ʱּƵػλżһԶĸĸס
__
¡ʮ괺κͬһǣһ꣬ϲһӣλӲϲ̫ӣ̫Ӷٰã̫ӡ
Ƿ˵ģҪġ
̫ӻһκˡ
__

7

ϸ׷ף
Ժ¿滨һأͬ˿һ㣬µҾˣվλСѾߣһ£һơ
ԲСѾ߰̽⣬ˮģִ˳ȥΪˮʪ˴롣
Աߴ̴Ѿһ£ƣˣͬҽȥŹ
ԲѾ£ٺӤʣҲߣżɰӺе̵ģҲֻκ岻һֱź
֮£λƵѾ߾ͱҪˣҲһ˫鶯͸λѾԭκģκĸκġ
κκһͬȥ߹أ·ûչ˵ģκʮֵŮܲס߹ؼ̵ĵκһֱʾԼѧչ˺ԼϣײҪΪġ
ȴ;һǴׯʱӴССͬκ£ӴſڵϿ޽ţۣðӵվһҡ˵á
ƫƫӻָͣκûôҪһˣ޴СϣҲ
κȥСսնɱоҪͬӶǿ
ԣκҲǸظˣͬӽһ䣺ˡϸɴؽӰϱһ٣Ǹýһ˫ֻȡ˵ԼסĹˣǴ˼顣
Ȼ򲻹󽫾֮໹һɤӣģӻǮˣʹ˭̫ˣ
κʱһ£ΪСӴӱ𴦹ġ
Ļǹģܹ飬˾ͲԣСǿ׳Ӽߵġ
жĥӺһɤûϵ˻ʹҲ̫ЩֽŶ챻û֪ˡ
룬ӻǷһ򲻹κšȥûˡ
κǸˣѱһȻҲǰģǱһӳеĽӷԣĩˣúˡ
һ˲룺нãҪҪٱἸ£
ûüκվӸ㣬С͵ˡ
ƺŹĽӣٿƼݣһüǮСЭˡ
Ͼû˸Ǯȥ
κСȥСǲߣԭǱԼĸĸСׯŮ˼뼫ΪأܾŮûʲôûҪڼҰ׳԰׺ȣӣɸԼϣǱŽԼҰ׳԰׺ȵŮӻǮ
ˣСκźţκȡ֣һ£һơ
ǰ꣬£Ҳ粽ظ߰ꡣ
__
£ǹﵽô
̾˿˭֪أһͿޣʲôҲû˵˯ȥˡ
գգۣСΪסƸλɡ
λȻκıãΡ
㵱ǳصģݶĳǹüûһͬìܣҲΡ
ƲƲǰ˵һ仰ʲôţԼԵͷŶϻ˵ǲǱѽ
Ѿ߾κ崲Աߴߴû꣬κֻԼһƬڰУȫһЩӵҵһҲ彲ĵʲô
ۣüüݣƺ߳ϸܵĺ飬κ촽΢žз硭硭ǱߣȵҰ
һһУЩ΢ĿǻʲϣͺнŵϾҪԶȥˣȴҲ׷ˡ
УԲ
ӽŵ˫˳˳۽ǣһһεػڽ̾͵Ĵ֮ϣ߱ˮʪһƬ
ע⵽κֲ״̬ΪجΣסѲ
סκ壬Ȼڴߣػѡ
κִӽ̽һץסµֱۣýģͺˮ֮ڱˮץס˾ĸľҲԸſ
ֱϴʹػţﲻ£ºŹأ±¡
˵جס˲ܱ׽ѣᱻŵ±κ֣һֱһֱڴߣذοκ塣
һԱ߲֪ƣƣȥˮһˣ
áӦһȥ¶ˡ
κ岻֪ûЩֻѹѹվûסҵͻƿ֮ͻȻͷ
ǿ˵ί½κڴϲҵ˿۵һԣ̾˿ʵ벻ףԼҹʲôΪ֪ίһԱ߿ţţҲԼҪѹ
ܹ飬ܿ޳ˣ̲֮ɼ
κһ֮󣬿۾û¾Աû뿪
ڶˮ֮½ӹˮʪȻšɣȥκ
ĶᣬϾκ꣬źΪӦ֣κƤۣµὫƤƣԣĺѵˮ㡣
ǽ۲ɾˣκʱҲƽˣƽȣžͺǸ˯һ㡣
µոչֿˣƣ֪⼸﷢ʲô𣿡
ҡҡͷҲҪ˵µĻҲֻͬ⸮ıìܣҲ֪ǹĴĺܣΪС¶ѽ
¿һκ壬Ҳǡ
վҲʲôԭˣκ壬ǶףҲ͸û֪ˡ
ԣζ޵ôأ£ֻκԼܹ
__
ĴǶƸеģϸƮ㣬滨ء
ԺݵвŸո̽ͷ̲ѿϻһ㱡ˮ˿棬һȦȦϸС
κվԼ뷿ڵĵľǰɫĪضƵĴ꣬дŵ΢ʪС
ָ˳ľϵ̵ϲȵ÷»ľָײָо̫ʵˡ
˿Լ֣ʮָУ˫ְ׾ϸۣС⾹ԼʱĹ뷿
ǰһѵľֻһôһǰһյʹȴ쳣Ǹúܲã̫ӣ̫ˣĽƫ꣬ǰСӣ޲ýƫذһĹ
ǼȻûȻЩһȽϱҵξô̫ӻɻãκɻڸδԶפ
ʲôʱκԴֻҲһǰһ浹Ƿֲˡ
ʱ⴫Ųκ̧ۿȥһ㵭ɫĻκ忴СѾͷ߹ϴЦ⡣
ԲСѾͷˣҺˡ
ű̴СѾͷЦʱŹﰡҿ㰡ֻųԻࡣ
˵꣬µСѾͷͳκ߹ǵģҲһż
κؿߵԼǰЩŵؿ£СѾͷˣºƣԼ꣬ͬԼһ꣬ǣǲѾ
⵽ô°
__

8

߽κ̽ؿڵǣ£
Դһ˿Լȷ
κʱɫֻͬͬ²ûзЦ˯ͿˣʶҺˡ
κ岻ԾɫЩãȻ¸æַסĵСıˤˡ
Ȼκ屻·˴ߣҲϵ˱ˮ˸κ壬Ⱥȵˮɡ
κĬȻشнӹˮˮã嵭ˣһжʵǻþҲΡ
Ȼųԣʵ˼ҲУͬһźκ꣬Լҹʲôʲô˼һգһü¶ܶ⸱ãȻʧģʵûҲ֪ʲôԭ
κһ飬иŵ뷨ðѲƫǳûصԼδ֮ʱ
ЩţǰһȴҲƭˣο̫Ӹۡ飬ȫԴƸǻǰģһ͵һƽ˳죬ϧӣ˫˫˸Ľ֣δȫţ˲ࡣ
ûκ֪ԼǸ˵ӡ
ĺܡ
ˮˣκҲ½еĻ¼ˣƽеɱӹСѯʵʲô𣿡
κҡͷûС
Ȼ˿£ֿ˿ƣֱò˼ˣֽŵûз£Ƕڣͦĵġ
ɲô¶ܱԼϣʵǡϲ°
ȿȣԹҪ磬ҪŪʲôʱ̫ͬӻûУıںδŶ誡
κ巢ģôһβ誽Լ̣ͲκˣĽƫ꣬׼ͬ˸ɵ¶
ֱɶ
κϱ̫ḻ£ԼҹһҧгݵģΪΡ
ֱκƽʵʲôʱ򣿡
ƻش𣺡졣
κεصƣҲǰſ˴Ĺ⾰滨۲ݣȻ֪Ǵ죬ʵǣʲôݣλ˭ֳڸУǱǷҲסڸС
κ̲ⷬסЦɱǴû΢Ĵ죬أ۾ģǰɴûء
ԼʲôǱʲôӲȥԼǲԴŸײˣʲôԭ
ôԼҹʵЩС֪ġ
»ǹʵػص¡ʮ괺Ǻ͹һһǰͬκһ·꣬ڸУҲסڸУǰﻹ͹ìܣֹ㱻֡
ͣ˵ˣκ
֪ʲôʱˣìܣǵջظһ֮ķ¡
κң֮ǰϻĸ˵ڼаδúĸȴ֮ʱͣǰֱסκԼҲˡ
ǺҪ
κ彿ݰ裬̣ܽҲڻ֮󴫵ǽ֪ΪʲôȻΪĸŮˡ
Сʱ˵ǲ岻ڲ׵ģ߻װĸƼЦ滢װñ˭ˡ
κü궼ûع꣬ͬԼĸ׹ϵȻ˲٣ԭĸױϣԼŮ黭ͨиҹӣƫκʱѱƼĸŮ˴е޶ԴκԽԽԶûԼŮ
˶иëԽǲϲУԽ֤ԼʲôУȱ˲黭ôѧҲʼӲмһ辪ˣŬҲѧණѾټ֮óĸ׸ǰڣٺãĸҲûһۡ
ʱŻ꣬Żȥһ۰ĸŮϵ䵭ͬ˺Ļԭκ嵽ûԭԼĸס
ΪʲôԼĸ׶ԱôãԼȴǰģΪĸװԭǷݰΣĸм˰꣬깻һСѧɳͣվȱĸ׵Ƿʱ⣬ǡڴʱ֣ݿȱ
֮ȴ֮С
һأ
ϾЩ֮䶼̫ɺˣκһֱһ仰ɺ̫Ǳ㲻ɺˣΪǸ̫ҸУЩΪһЩɺϻһ
УǷ̫ӻһǸõˡ
һͬЩɬĹıһ𻹻ȥˡ
õĻ޶ٸһΡ
__
κ̧ۿһ۴⣬ϸᣬһֱûͣ
ȥˡ
ĺþò
__

9

ҸҪȥκ忪ʵ
½ԱϹŵĸɾȹùźκ崩ϣȻոйӴȥˡ
κϸ룬һʱǰӡҲޣǼˣûӡӦòʲô춯صĴ
Ȼܼס
˰ˣûӡҲ벻ȥ֪ˡ
ƣҰͷãʲôͲҪÿУҪԵ˾ãǰһĸо
ðͬ¶һۣ˽Ц
Լҹ￪ʼˣϡ档
κȻҲƼСЦðЦңôʰǡ˵žҪվҪ׷֡
æôô˵
׼ӻֵֻЦ
£ŭԺԸͷҷɣкÿķʽҲ̸ˣߣ
֪Լ˵˻æŲԣṴ˹СָƣҴͬ㿪Ц
ߺߵתͷ£Ȼר־һظκͷ
κ̲סЦҲ̫ˣһͱƣֽƵġ
˵˵ʵﶼҲײÿγ˭Ҳ˭ģҲǸСС֣һǣһ㣬ϴѾܽ
ÿζƣȴҲÿζóԵȫƣ¶ԼһְˣκУǸʵһԽû
־ͺǸ˼Ȼëٰ࣬ȻҴ֮ˣ˵ֲá
__
ɣͷ˿Ϸֲƣһᣬپˡ
Ѿ߶֪Լҹòںܳɫһ࣬ɫϸۣ˫ƺһٴˮЦδ£֮ʱδϸԼ꣬һ֦
Ż̲ס˵˳Ǻÿһ֦
κ˲ûЦ磬һ֦ɣҿɰ˰ɡ
ʲôģǲҪ˰ɣѹ̫СεǿС
__
κʱ鷿ͬһӽƽºͣмӡ
鷿ڵѬ㣬ζɽ峿ı֮Ƣ
κӾսպգȴκһʼҪ׼ĳĵ·ˡ
κСʱ̫ͬһӼ飬ʦ̫ѧѧʿл裬ѧԨȴûвμӿƿһֱ̫ԣƺǰĻ֮ĽɫȴҲ˺Ե
˺ԵȫΪκĳ࣬κһãκǸ򣬵òȴΪţ˵ֵʱһվرһλĸ޳ң֮нʻһһһһЦ顣
ˣĺȻҲǲģԾκΪո̫ӻߣòҲ˺ԵĴڡ
κʱ룬ԭúÿҲһͦյ¡
__
Խó裬¡κỰ˵ֹסˡ
鷿Ѭ㵭쳣κòŵȵǰİӿڡ
ɤʵģ
ǡ
ЦЩ£Ԩıȱġ
κỹ˵ЩʲôҡҡͷϵĲˮһڣȻߣɱ⡣ЦЦӽŵǸʹӣҲˮػȥ
κҲЦԭд㡣
λӱ̫Σֻ
һεĻô޶ʾʺˡ
վţ۴Ц⣬üĿºͣһ仰Ҳ˵ǵĹҶǰͺ̵ر
˼롣
̫ӣ˾Ķ֮ͬʱҲǹ¶ģ߷ƽĵ·ȴһ·ĲǶ񻢣˶һҲ̤
ߵߵߵ
鷿źȻ졣
κ̧ͷһΣĬ˵ͷκſڵ
ǸŵСˣƿŹվſڵӣˣҪ㡣
ˣ
κЦҲɿࣺɣȾ˹ƾ͸ҵˡ
ʱȻڵԨãǲ
κǸÿأһ뵽ԼãϵЦֹֹסȷʵã͸Ҹȥ˱߹һһǰģûüռ죬ˡ
GҲˮСʱʳˣҲƤĺܡκ˵һֻԼظһصֻҲס
صֻǰһϣ游Ŷ
룬κκ壬游Ӣۡ

κˣһֱڻɣκ游Ӣۣɣȥ氡ȥ氡
룬չ黹ûа仰˵
ˣ͵ԼӺˡ
__
һжǾʱģһɽһˮһ¥κ鷿⣬ŵ÷ڽһܣ仨ء
κʵκĻ٣Сʱǰ㲻ᣬؾͬĸ׸ҽ׺͸絹ǶԼ谮мӣϧر߹ؾδңʱǸ̫ӻߣǸʱκ尡һֻŶŮ鳤һ誾ͽĸ߸ߵټˣ̫ӻֳκᣬõˣһֱʶغԵ
̫Ծκᱻһʥּȥ֮أ˸ʬ޴Ľ֡
ɱ̾
ЩҪ׷ָù˭أȻǹκĪˡ
ǰǷծ໹
Ҳ֪ǽӻĻΣʲôԭκⲽκ鷿ſڣת˺üȦṳ̂ȥ
ʱĻϲ˼У浽ҪʱȴЩˡ
κԥԥģɻʵſˣôȥѽ
κһ¡
ӣҪʲô𣿡¶
Ƕ֪κ룬ֻԼյκƺͬЩͬҪ˵ﲻͬȴҲԭ
ҪǻǸٹɣȻڽӴͣҲûʱҡκ忴˿£ûʲôʾתͷ˿ƣԥһ»ǿڵǡǶ鷿ſˣŵСҲѾͨˣǾȥô鷿յŹ𣿡
˵ЩʱϷ˵ĳݣǸĹͬ˵һʲô£ͷǵҪһһۣΪ档
ǰκ˵ǸӣҲ֪תôӣκȴԶĹ
κøѾͷǰֻ϶˿̸ԼߵѾͷǰǶкԣһ°ɡ
뵽κЦЦһֻȻϸָƶϵ˵㣬Ц㰡Ǹ
ʲôһãȻؿ£ʼ磬û˵
ˣոջֹìأƲƲ죬ʱеɻ
__

10

κԥãЩʱ䣬κб㿪ʼƶĻý
δʱҲʵԨòҪأ
أ
Ȼεš
κԵȣҳȥòؼңţ²·
á
˵˵κû뵽ξȻҪԼһȥҿ·˵κ塣
ǡκῴ˿Լ̫ӵ£ɻ
˫ƽǰûԼʲôԵĵطصŶҲţһȥһҴԨð
ҿллˣعֱ˵òôɣֲɣǵõżһߣ
κǲŵģ̫ӵĻȻ޷ܾ޷ҪһȥңǾȥ¡
κϵı̫ḻתʵãʲô𣿡
κæҡͷûʲô⣬¿ľͺá
߰ɣ
κҲ׼պý̧׼ţֻûأűԼˡ
˴򿪵ġ
κһ£۱һżΪʵݣüۣٶׯκ˭
硭
һ硱֮κȴͻȻסˣ˫ֱ㶵ضվκİϣôһ˲䣬ûסҪۿչ黹סˣֻۿǺȻĳرѹһ
ȷʵѹΪվڸˣ̫ӻǷ࣬벻֮ѹȴҪ࿪ġ
ʱκȥһΣҺ㣬ĺ㰡
룬жܱ˼죬κչ˫׼Լһӵʱκȴֱܿվ̫ӻȥ
κֻǰɿһӰȻ󣬴һԷ
ͷ󿴣κֱ˵εĻδ벻㱻ײڵء
Сģ
һӱκײˣʮ꣬û˶ô
׼κԼƿָհļ򣬻ûʹԼ૵ããⲻΣ㻹úõģҲúõģּˡбؾ֮顣
κ˵ЩĪȷԼͬκ岻ǵһμ棬ôô˵о֮ԨԴأ

κ˹ȥһ˲䣬ºͬʱ˫ۣ룺군ˣҪˡ
κεջ֣˿һ֮ɫ̫ӵ£̲סãҾҪϸһǷϴˣ
κȻ֪Լ˿̽ס̫ӻȴûзӦʱѾһ޸̫֮ʱ䡣
ڵδǴֹУҪǣһ̫ӻͬһμ棬ôḡһȥͶͱ˱˸ñô룬̫ӻô밡
˵ãԭκҵǧΪֹḡİˣкһֱͶͱ
ã
κٴγ룺ˣ֪ڷûü
Ȼˡ
δʱҲȽκһͶͱҲûʵϡ档
ãһɣı˰
ϧκİκԶԵˡ
˵Ҳ±κǸɫĹǰԶֵͷ
ȻػһȻҲȫΪ̸˵ЩˣҲǳԵͷףʳʵǸʲô˼
𣿣κ岻ծѣ֮֮
__
κҲ磬ϴˣͬҲŵһμ棬ʵڲŲ֡
εɤʵģƽᣬƮƮĳѩȴҲ쳣
˵֮ʵѾˣκأϣצӸϽ
⻰κͻȻѣд󺧣ˣЩʲô¶
¡ʮ̫ӻǰȢԼ̫ӻǰʱǻûм档
ԭеĹ̫ΣǰκûҸκᣬǴβûмΡ
һΣǰˣκ廹ǰͶͱ˿ô찡λôԼһϲԼκĪ
Ȼϣκúõģʲôã彡ģҪĶУЩáûĲ룬;ò졣
κԼ۾Ȼƽشλ˳˼Զ΢΢˸̫ӵ£ʵǵ³̫Ůǰʶһλˣո鼱֮ϴˣԾ͡
˶٣κû˵ȥֻŵոնеˡ
κ˵Щʱͷһֱ΢΢ʹŵģοı飬ֻմԼ˿ʱ̧ȥȴڲƳͨۿ
ôÿһ˫۾ֻۣԼĺƱһССĴ̸һ£ǺۣȴƵģ
ʵһλˣͱ˭
κʵش𣺡һλˣϵʶңҲ֪ܲٽһ
ЦȻϵȴֽ˸Ūˣ
ҵĴκ
Ȼͷ̧һ˲˲ΣҴǰǷ࣬˴λֻߣ뾡ܣá
κȻЦɤöһƹǣκ΢Щɬ룺ԭ̫ӻǰҲЦôģǰûм
ҲйĹ⾰ֻδעˡ
__
κ̫֮˵ЩºŽһãȻ˵ʲôʲôˣô֪ﻹһλ̫ͬӵ³Ĺأ
κһ£ʲôǷ࣬ʲôãǷ˭Ķѽ
ã
κתκᣬʮֳĸ磬Ұ꣬κ͸д˰ţʲôʱԶԶԼĸ硣
κ峯κ߹ȥؽһ硣
κصǵģôççײײղŻײ̫ӵ£ڵʴȣ㣬ҪȻǵø׹һµĽա
ǿЦĻƫλ棬֤κף¡Ȼһκ壬ЦЦ㲻ùؽա
κûסҲЦ˵Ƕл²ڼЦ̣Ц绨
÷֦ͷ£ʲôͷѿת߲ٿκһۡ
__
κֿʼƮˣκϽס㰡˵Ҹʲôģ
κɵػش𣺡ʲô磬һѽ
κֱܳ޲κĶͷһ䣺ãǻûŶ
Ҳκ뷨ǰκΪü궼Ÿһֳʱһװ쵽ʿȥʲôģͲˡ
ΪͻȻסĸͱһ£κӱøΪ裬ϲƼͱΣһͿóƫƫĸ޴άΣ˵κǽ㣬Ҫŵã黭ʲôģζѧһѧպ˵ȥǧ𣬾Ȼʲôᣬǿǽ˿Ц
ֻտκͬЩһ磬˵࣬һһԣյİ״̬
ѲɣһжΪ̫ڳ
κᱻԼ뷨һ£ţòǶ̫˼ɣ
˵ŮԼİ֮ǰø˳Լ
κɻؿһκ壬κ屻Īʵ磿
ţκ룺˵
ʵҪҪȥţ
κһЦ۽޵ʹطʵΪôʣ
ŶΪİ
κصȷʵ
֪ԼìҪҪȥŶ
Ҳ¸Լ¡
κỹ˵ЩʲôȴڴʱκȻڵԨá
κ壺
κ᣺
أ
Ľ νŵ
ڻңνֵڣÿ˶ԼҰģΪΪ֮Ǿһ𣬳˹ĶҲֻʣɱˡ
ϵĻȨƯ˶ΪУŲܵǷʬǡ
κ˵Լ½ЦҲҪȥˣպܿģ˴Ԩá
κ峯񣬵ߡ
κһ·κſڡ
εˣȥɡ
ǶԳģûзԸӡ
µĴκὫеֽɡݸΣ·ģκᣬκ׷¡
нӹɡЦһ£û仰ֻʵ֪Ԩýʲôأ
κκ塣κṧػش
ε˵ͷ״Ʋ˵Ǻܺ棬λͬúһλ˭
⡭
ʵκҲ֪
УԨӦòκǴӺε֪̫ӡ
ǰոնûע⵽⣬κҲһͷˮ
Ҳֻһʣûκῴɡת߽У࣬˲ģӰֱҲӰʱκת˸ڡ
__

11

ߺκκ鷿ţƺ
һʱκûô棬һģ¡ʮ죬ˬԺصҶ
ʱκ岻̣ܽΪ겻ãΪͬԼױڸдֶ롣
κҵǧСκǱ˵ģ˭ҲıˣһάԼı㣬ûܵκˡ
Թǧ಻κߵһȥֻԼǸԸͿһ
νۣòҲСúܣΨΨŵŵģһ޺ģһʱܳĵзɡ
Щǧһ濴ϲ̨ӣһȴҪԼص
ǷΣʢ̫ƽʵۼ绨ѩ£Ҫٰ죬аٻ磬йڣϦѩһļļݳ޲ϡ
һ̫ƽʢûһλ绪̫ӵºһλ൨ĵС
__
κԼǵһʱ龰գůˣɫոպã粻õĹ⾰
˸ԺߵһƬҶӣȻ˫Ժƽƽȵڴ֦ϲ
˼ðһֱţСĵ㣬û¾ɣôߣΣţ
ˤô죡
˲ģ
֪ȥźˣͲô˲ġ
ѽϴαﻹҸˣģóԡ
𣬱á
ѽѽ´κͷһ£ȥźɡ
ðô۱ȥͷָ飬Ҫȥźţһͬģʱǵĺӹˡ
ߴߴһƬǰϾһеκ˸ɾ
Ÿջظã˸ֳԼһŶĸ׵ǴȽ׺ֻͣ׺ܾô˵ζ
ϾҰ֮ãȻȲĸǰƵıΡ
Ѿ࣬ȻСʱĸײ뿪οϱſĸ¸ĸ̫ӽµʱĸٴ
κϣȻۣȴΪպö̫Ȼһ£Ȼ̧΢΢ס˫ۡ
ʱƺ¸˹Ҳºţɡ
Ҫ
ǵǲκˤ£ǸκҲϰˡ
һ㶼š
κµŵƬҶ֦֦׼һԾ£ȴȻ˺͸վһİӡ
ɷϣδºܺÿپ£ɫ𪣬̫ºƷĹ󣬼ֱһºͣƫƫ˫һۣüͣ޲Ҫ˫˫֮С
κգգۣһЦǸʱκ岻֪ǣһЦһСľ͹̫ӵġ
ģ˺Ϊܾ尾
κῴκôߣɴ˵˵ֻҼҵģʲôϽ
κ峯ͷô˵ҾͲˡ
κᱻҭһ£޻˵
οڵΣգɡ
κ忴Цôߣѽô죬ˡ
μߵ£ͷκ壬ƽؿڣص£棬ɣһˤϡ
εһγڸĸǰ⣬һζԳơҡκôã󲿷ʱҲԳƱġ
ʵ̫嶯ˣݰĶ̫ӣȴȥһϵŵҪȥס
Ͳ£ˡ
κ˼һ£Һذӵס𣿡
ҡε԰ɡ
ֶſˣѾκҪˤ׼ˣϧκ岢û˵ɵشһԾ£ȻƮƮԣһֻԽˮӴļ˵غۼ
ǵһμ棬κ岻֪˭Ҳ֪κ˭
˾ŮӴʵЦ˵Ȼ£ҸҸˡ
λͷֻǵԽԽԶϸӰ
ƮƮת۾ͲӰ
ϴһ¶ģֻǵʱβûзӦ֪ΪԼÿμκʱ᲻ܿơ
һһЦһһǣġ
˶˵κ쳣ֻοԾٰá
жѾãҩʯҽ
ֻ϶κһˡ
º֪κˣҲԸ֣ųѣȢԼİŮӡ
δԸǣϣκһֱãĳһʱϣǴЦк飬öʱĻһٺòˡ
ϧʲôҲûȵλᣬκϲ˻λ̫һƸȪǰ̫ӵһЩˣķ䣬ŵţĿĶ̫ӣҲΪһg
κǱϵƫԶ֮أδؼң˸ʬ޴Ľ֡
κĽƫ֮ãһһǽΪҽ
__
ȶĵңȶκ嶯ģ
κ˵Ƿ࣬ΩԸá
ǹȻ̫ӡ
Ρ

κ̾˿Լ²ԴŸˣôͶжӣأ
²ǸɵŶ
̫ӲôֺÿԼֺãֻװԼһˣôİŪأ

ֻϧ̫ʢûϵǳ
ֻԸٴ
__
κһʱ˼ңȡһ֧Ǻʣƽŵֽˢˢˢؾһһ
ȴдֵʱֶסˣȻ󹤹һһúõдȥֽϣҲͼȥģǹ
κ֮һ·Լ鷿һκԼϺддϽ߹һ
һɫΪȤκῪڴȤãأ
ǰҲûôѿѽһֶдˡ
κ巭˸ۣסû˵
κǸκģһһͬˮ˿ûŮҵм䵹ƴĽ
ֻ˼ЩңдֱҲûпȥдãֻдһͨ˿дֺòÿ
κûԼεԼıӣȻκд˵ֽȴڷһŵʱסˡ
һֽϣд֡
ǰĹ壬Ա֮ǰдˮƽˡ
˵дֲôġ
κССԺһ¡
̫εõһμ̫ӣô֪䡣
뵽ǰκ˵ģ̫Ӻǰһλ˺ԣλ˵˭أ
κ˼⡣
__

12

ã¶Ҫʵشҡ
ðʰɡκеǺʣΣ
κῴ˿һԵºƣԥһ£κȻ΢΢ͷһԵµ£ȥŰɣͬ˵Щ
ǡ
ǳȥ鷿ϣκ̴ľ鰸һӳκԱߡ
κῴκ壬ãҾЩ֪֪ղ㴳˻
ǿ̫ӵ£˵ͱҲ±ϳȥͷ
κ鼫Ϊ࣬κ˻ȴûסЦôأ̫ʺ񲻹Ϊ¾ͰȥͷģĪҪŻˡ
κüЦЦصŶúƺ˽̫ƵģҼǵҲδͬ㽲̫ӵ£ôһͶͱͲˣ̫ӻӺε֪̫ӵ䣬ִӺε֪̫ӵ¡
κǰڻ¡ʮ̫֮꣬һϵҲûС
κ崹۽ޣ˻񣬲ûֱشκʵЩ⣬ֻǵ磬˵Һ̫֮Щ£𣿡
κüͷ΢壬ɻطʵȷǹ£¹ʣ
鷿˲䰲ΨѬȽȽƮ㡣
۵Сۣջκ̾˵ҪҪô˰
κֻ̲֪κ̫ͬӹϵ΢Ҫһ㣬̫ӲФ֮ˡ
˼˵պȢ˭ûйϵΨκҵǧȢ
ƾʲô
ֻκ岻֪ǣһΪȢϧԼĸĸҲ֮˿ӣ̫һʧƣţʵɣκ̫ͬһͬʵ۲¼ɡ
κһԭûʲô³ģ̫ӱסκңȻκû֮ǰķ⣬ôǱסˡ
κж׹磬̫ԾκԶפκ屻ĽЩǺܾ֮ˡ
ЩκһһŲ֪
ػһΣණκЦЦҼᶨضκϲ̫ӣҪ޸ǷĶ࣬˴ϲңұҲپֻܾÿǷ̫࣬һãҲ빼ôһˡ
˵Ĺ˭δκӻκԹԴˣ̫Σ
κͷ
κһûðһɣһ򲽽̫Ȣ㣬պǻˣܱ֤ʢ費˥
κֻЦ˵
κῴκ׾͸ĲипĶ࣬ǰǸһֱԼǳԵҲˣͤͤý͸ˡ
κȷʵκ壬ֹΪԼãΪСʱͬκ˵ģҪһӻ㣬˶۸ãٶϲΣǿ˾Ĵκֻһκ壬ҲֻվԼһߡ
ʱ̫СûãøŸȥ˱߹أһȥǰ꣬һİΣκ˭Ҳ׼˵һ䲻ġ
ΪСʱûκ壬һظκӱشãԴЩǷµΡ
κκ˵Ҫ̫ӵһʱ˼ϸ˼һ£ôü޸̫أ
Ҳû͸Σϣպ֮Ϊ˲źãһһش׺ĸһһһһ˫˵ģٺòˡ
粻õзִ磬ᴳġ
κԼ˼뵱УͻȻκ˵仰̧ۿȥֻЦòã治֪µСŮ
κ鲻ԽҲЦװŭص㰡Щʲô⣬ڼҺúѧ㶫赶Ūһҵĸġ
˵ƺͻȻʲôƵģκæˣǰոǲһ佣
κü룬ô£Ϊʱ̫ã粻֪ʲôطԥŵ˵ͷ֪κȻΪʲô
ͷκϽ佣ңҸһ£սĶɱ̫󣬲ʺá
ԭκգգۣκᣬøģϲɱ
κԥһ£ȻÿҪעⰲȫǧСģ˵Լǡ
֪硣
һЦκκ壬Ȼ㲻˵ʲôˣֻȥĸײǡ
κһԵȡ˱Ĳɵط˼ҳκһֱӦκֻ̾ףһȥĸ׵ˡ
κЦκͷΣġ
ţ֪
__
ͬ鷿˵˻ỰκºƻԼԺӡ
һ·׷ʣﰡͬ˵Щʲôѽôصġ
κǲģϧֲƵĥƽ̫ˣնղ
˭̲ǵİҲֻܿŶԴԴϵˡ
Ρ
ҲûʲôǲҵĻ£κ˵
һ˻Ƶɴ˫ۣڵɣôͿʼģﻹδأ˵ˣģôãҲһһĽ󣬴ǲ֮˰ɡ
κֻЦ
»飬׼κԲ˵ı飬æСƣι˵ˣӲŻȥϢأ
ֹסһֱੲݵĬĬغһκ
__
κӲﲻ˵ĻҲûȷʵȥĸס
Сʱκĺĸޣʱĸ󷽵ģһһУžԣŹķ緶ñ˭
˵ڲãĸȻǸĸףȻҲģֻκѧȥһͣһ̬ĹŮ
οһΪƼĸŮ䣬κԼĸ֮ĸҵû⿪
κֱ̾ǳ룬ԼûĻһԼһ񣬻ΪҽҲ֪͸һĸ׻᲻Ϊᡣ
Ͼĸ׵֪СڹУǿ޵ÿɽһڵأ۾˺üء
ʱκѾ޸̫ӻĸΪõտ䲻ظĸףȴ֮⡣
Ϊʲô
ȻΪĸײһĸ׾ãСεйء
κпЦԼĸ׶ԼǸɱ֣ʲôġ
ܣҲף֮޹ء
һϵûС
Ǳ˲Ű
Լĸ׶ԼԸټһ档
ԣʲô˵أ
ᣬһֱȥֱ
ǵ֪ˣĸ״ǲΪѹİɡ
Ͼô꣬ûһĸĺŮ
__

13

һֱϣκ֪Ĵҹ㣬ŮҿŮ¼κӣҲգԼҲ֪ԼѵøĹ
黹˰ɣ˵׼мȤ
˵ʲôݰ裬ֱȫǼٵģҲռݵͷ
û취ֳѽ
ǰţ·ߵ·ԣɻʵߴ·˰ɣطԷߵġ
ԷκסԺ䡣
κǰ棬ͷҲûصصûߴܸҪȥĸ׵ġ
⻰Ĭٽӻˡ
κǹ˹ȴҲûʲôЦ
ºƴСκһ𳤴һȻҲκģǴСûܵԼĸĳ谮Ըκһظ󣬼ϴαȴԼﻹã͸ˡ
⻹ĸأԼŮѱ˵Ůһ
ԼŮռȴƫҪԼŮŮǸģԼҹԴ𣬶û
°ɣºƵǿÿοκأ˵ﲻѹҺƣ˹ﶼûء
ǴСͱԼĸĸˣʲôģҲ̫Ҫ
УҪ˳˱˴֮⣬ֻټһκˡ
Ϊκ֣ǵһǺõѽ
__
޾סڸԺ棬ԺӲС·ǳΪ
߻ɵһƬڵϷġεડЮ仨ȣһ
ˮણˮϣкɫ𻶿棬κפһǰʮ·Ļͽ˳ˡ
ȴ׼ȵʱ򣬿Ρ
ǡʱմӳ˸Ѿߡ
ѾȻκѾߣθԼĸƼסκʱӹܼﲦ˺Щ˹ȥźǡ
źҲǺãԼҶԸˡ
ǰʱκΪʲôºìܵģҲǲ̫ˣ󲻹һᣬһҼӣеĴͶκˡ
ɴˣκɿܽһ£ÿް㲻ޣ˭֪ί˭֪ѹģ
κ忴ΣȻҲǸϹӣһκվڳ£ЦȻȹᣬκķС鲽⡱ܹҲŵѾߡ
Ѿ߼ζ˵ȹھܣΪʲô˲õĴ¶أԭһں׷ţúõʲôѽ
С鲽ܵκ岽Զľ룬ȻͣȹڣЦ̬ȵߵκǰеض㡣
κתۣ𴽽ЦЦ
ҧҧӿɺЩҪȥԷأû뵽ȴˡ
΢ͷ˵Сġ
һ̬С⣬Ҽ˭һ۶ãѽӿãˡ
ģҲüˣһ˫ƺһ㱡ӣ΢һ
⻰Źκģ󻹸κСѾߣκҲܵ
治ںԼˡ
ԹҵĹүһͷͽһҡͷЦģ
κҲ֪뵽ʲôЦһεͱùˣӼá
΢Σ㿴ˮǼģ֪õȥܲó
Ȼ˼һ˫ôԲϴЩţǿ򶨵ģȻص˵ʲôأҡ̫
κ䴽һЦ߹ȥҪԽȥʱ򣬺Ȼ˸ҪˮĶ
ŵþһһûվȣӳϷֱȥƬˮĳ
СģѾҲæȥһѡ
ȴκȣԭҲΣ֪ôţȥˡ
κҲ죬ҪˤˣԼȻѲǸϽһѡ
űܹһ٣˻Ǹµġ
κôղãȴ·ˣ
ۡûסЦ˳
Ǹ˶ˣԼҹŻ˱ıˤˣôֱﲻ·
־һ£СЦСıǺϣ鷳ˡ
ҲŲ
üǲ£Ǹ鷳
ŶĬĬ첻˵ˡ
κ㡭ҲˣֱӺ֡
б㡣κ¾Ҫмµ֪
վȺκŽֳ½󣬿ҲٿһֱۣӴԽȥ
ºƵͷæϡ
__
νҧ´޺޵ضȥκ壬˫ֲԾĽסŵĳָ׾ͿҪĸˡ
££ĸ֣ƫƫκҪЩ
ôˣѾߴǵ
ûм⸱ģ׺ݣԶȥκ壬޲Ҫһҧźá
̫ˣϾһֱǺ󷽵Ӱôճ⸱ģ²аɣ
ǻȥɣٴοڡ
ͻȻתͷȴЩ⣬ܲסһС̽
ʵȥȥ
رԺӰ
󣬴۽ޣаٰ̧ʱһЦ
ٶ֮죬Ŀࡣ
ۣΪԼոճ˻þء
οŴЦЦʵ㣬źأźԼҵĹ
ϴӹܼҴֱӲȥźεģȻǸΣҸеλԼҹ߶λһȴѾ߸ţԼȥ˵첻óʲô¼ɾллˡ
ū澺ãū澲ģȻűġ
һЦǲ˵ʲô㶼ҵģ
˵ͷ
תЦⲻܺá
䡰ܺáȴûֻױúõЩʲô
תΣ¶ոһ㼵޵κʲôƾʲôȴҪκ̫ࡣ
£
ǣӲ̫õģһҪһȫΪС
ȻҺùǾͶùˡ
ƽۣżżġ¡
ѹ꽫
¡ʮĴ죬ˮൽǺӶҪװˡ
ҲˣĻö꽿ˡ
__

14

磡
κߵԺ⣬ͻȻʹ˸磬ӣ˭ˣ
ѾţκˣæЦӭӵūͽȥ߷һ
κ˵ͷѾ߱ȥˡ
Ѿߺκվ滷ų޵Ժ伸ûʲôı仯ǽߣ̡ܸ
Ժľף޺ɲԾͦΣĻ֦ͷĿţԺⳡ䲻Ĵз뵵Ĵ̡
κ忴һУֻû
һжʵˮƮϣģ˺һ
ֱŵѾ߻ȥɣء
κͷºƵҳͺá
ºͷκ˳Ͳ֪Ѿһͬ⡣
κ޵ŮԭĸȻǲҪ˽ȥģֱӽȥˣֻ̫ãĸ࣬óȻȥĸײϲ
޴ʱڷͬԼƼ˱Ŵӭ޺ϣм䰫ϰڷһֻ໨ƿƿһвֵĻ
ɫţֲͤͤһ֦Ӷ㡣
໨֦¯³͸Ĳľ㣬ţֻĿ
κʱ֪ƼҲ˿̿ȴһ㶡
룺Ҫ֪Ҳұ㲻ˣǺ÷
룬ӻҪ㣬ٲϲҲֳܱϾԼĸأ
κ̬޺Ƽ񣬹Թɵػĸ
޻ûʼ˵أƼæͿˣЦСҲ̫ˣòЩģ
ƼָָԼ·Ļƻľӣ°ɡ
̬úưԼⳤŮƵġ
κվԭز޿ڵ
κ̧ͷһۣĸҲԼЩЦ⣬ԥһ£ǹȥˡ
ϵһݵκУЦŵϲԵһ⡣
һɫǳϸµؿ̻һĲһκӹ㣬ɵӦлл
Ƽʱֲ廰С˵ʲôԼĸʲôллллġ
κ򴽣Ƽһһ˶ݣӦ˵ллģҰҺãȻҲ˵ллѲɾΪϵ׽Ķ鶼Ȼ𣿡
仰˵ЩȻǴƼ£κһ㶼ҪͬԼĸ˵ллĵ֪Ƿǣ鲻
Ƽװģһ仰ҲֻûףεЦЦ㲻

Ƽ޵ã޴һֱãƼǲƽϣֱӰѽԼļˡ
˵ʵƼҲȷʵÿͬģ˶٣ɽƼ
һŮˣģȻҪһǿƵҲ⸱̬
ûǴĻƼ޵Ǹ˾ˣΪǰ;һƬ˭֪˾˺ֹǰˣμӻһٲУĴܴ֮󣬱㿪ʼ
ϧҲⲻ˳ԭİѰ˽רҲǲɣֻıԹˣ٣ֻϧԸһܴ죬Ҳɥеһоʱķ⡣
ЩҶȲᣬֻƼѡеˣҪ޵ˣ緢ӳⷽ٣ȴǷϲ˼Ҷ˲ƶգ뵱ĹνγĶԱȡ
һŮµʲôԼûϽģӣûû˵ķ£ȻѲ궯ĵģƼȻҲûʲôԥģҲ󣬲ңֱŮͶ˽
ĽɲͿԽȥģ޵ãСʱôܣôãӼΣ
οޱκĺܺã˼ٵԴٻЩ֮ģɶԼһĸͬãֱǺóԺúȵعƼĸŮˡ
ڼ֮ŷƼŮҳˣȥҲˣ˵ڽֵҪˣǻκڱ߹ûл꣬ȴִʿլκҲڸУһⳡ棬ˣˡ
ԺһʱҲЩϵǲִͬ󣬿ңҲȷʵëĶ࣬Ҳռ˲Ƶúܡ
Ƽιס˽νһݣƼð˴մŮˣľǰٰ۵
ƼڽסΪģгкźʲô¶ҪԼ֣æɣÿ²˵˵ѡ
κѳȻʱʱ̸̿ߣκκֲڼңгޣƼǽĵڶŮˡ
ʱ̸ͬжѼµ¶˸ɾжǺǣʲô

ȻƼװͿκȻҲӦһ£Ц״ƹĵѰƼĸпɻã֪ĸʲôʱȥҲøĸ׼Щ񡣡
ƼݺüۼŲˣȴӲסûֻǴ޺ڵض޵㣬ȻСˣұȥˡ
޵˵ͷºͺ͵صȥɣһˣҲˣȥϢա
κ忴ƼıӰʧڻ֮۾΢С
תҧһһ⣬κ忴ĸףЦĸóԣ˺üء
ͷЦ񳤴ˣҪЩǰͬìˣ֪𣿡
ţ֪ˡκͷ漴ִ˿ݸޣ˵Ҳ
޾κ֣ҧһСڸ㣬ˣܸˡ
κĬĬ˫۶޴ŵһ׹ɫҾ룬ȻĸϲŮװһװеλĸװòһ죬ҪĸǵĿ
ˣκǰҴˣԺ󲻺ˣҲȥǸġ
̾˿ǲһֱðϲñϲһЩ
κͷûӻ
ʵ¶طһ䣬ѵ
û˵κҲĵزٹʡ

Ѫ׹ϵװ׵İǶţκڳ˵˻ỰоĸŮĹϵ˲٣ǻصСʱĸҪǳԵʱˡ
񳤴ˣĸĸףٴҲֲѪŨˮ飬ȻѾһˣֺαܾЩĵ¶ĥԼء
Ը˴ͬĸ׺ദɡ


15

ⳡһ˺ü죬Ǽ硣
ԷºưǰʱĻ°ˡ
Իɹɹ̫
κ尮ǰǲϲŪֻͣչ»ƾֱӿִݻģʽˡ
һ£ºƶʶȤزκЩ
κҲֵڣֻŷţɹ̫º˽ذѻᵽ̫
չʢůģԺǿ֦ͷ価ϸȥŷ֦ͷϽϸСĹʵ
һʯСʯΣϽྻ£һǷ˸廨ܣϣһĵһ롣
ȻĵʵЩҲ̶ãҲֻκ屾˲ϳһ仨һ䱻Ϊɫĵ
Сκ⣬κսɳۣʶд䵹Уκö廨ϰ壬
ԣеĹŮֵĴκǰ㲻ͨ
δ幦Ǻãֹ壬黭˽һЩκ壬ߵŮ·ߣĸܺǷˡ
κаٰհΣеҹǲԸȢһλŮӻؼҵġ
˴໨ģӵұٲˣҪȢκ壬˭͵ԣκһһһ˫ˡ
˵κֲǵˣúÿһ£Ӻòһ£ѲȢȥլ
úլͣòãһ˶ùˣϾǵκ壬Ҳǲ𽫾
ǿκ壬͵κһƵô
ǸЦ
Ǻһκ嶯ģǱӣȡ
κʱΪȵĻģǰºģѧ˽黭裬λģҲҪѧᣬΪʲôΪϲ͵Ĺ
κͬΰнϾãĵǲǴһûȹκ˱ܣӴҲ廨ˡ
̫ɵԼŪˣҲ֣ȴ࣬ЩˣЩ£ûҪȥں
ϣһֵһȥٰϧ谮

°˻Լմ̧ۿκűɹ̫߹ȥȥʯǱɹɣԵ⡣
ʯһĨǶһȾκ˵ͷȥˡ
ȿǸ廨ܣһüͷ΢ʮĪصǹʲô
κҭһ£ɴû
ʱ´˲ˮ״ҲʮϡشչԽɫԽ΢һ仨𣿡
Ƶͷţ񡣡
½ʣóʲô
ҡͷ㿴ó𣿡
Ҳֱҡͷ
κ˲ˮԼԼһˮܴѾ̸ԼƷ
˵κ嶼˼ԼĻˡ
׼ת»⣬ȴκˬʵ
˻δȽˣƷеıܣһͬȥӭͻȻ÷Էκᡣ
κͷһڰеĲˮȾϽ廨׼һأҪȻκῴˣָôЦ
ãáκһԷͺκ塣
̫죬κ廹ûҺõطأͽˣֻñһֻ֣ǲܼ˵廨ܡ
κҲûעȥЩ
κǴЦӭȥʲô
κһɫ쳤ͬɫϵԽۣڿ½ڴð˾µҶƣһɫõԲ壬ī߸ǺЦ˵
κ磬ȥԹͬ˵һȥȥá
κͷȥ
ʲôǲںֻΨвμӹܼ̫ӻ
Ǳȥɡ
κȻ֪ʲôҲûʲôʾֻܣֻܸҾǡ
á
κЦתۿԺа˻òã¸Է߹ȥֱ˿ʢһ¼ת־ʹκޱߡ
κվԭһ¡
ƫκỹ˺󼸲״ص˵ͷ
ºһԿţĶҪѪֲ˵ʲôֻһ԰Թؿκ塣
ִݻ
ᡣ
ҲǽЩҪϾǼ꣬˪ѩģûǵĻŽء
κҲʮֲ˼κ磬ʲô⻨ã֦ͷ࿴ϼգ
κֱ׳صлʱۣ
κЭ뵽ʲôƵģ۷Źص˼ǣ
ʹ˸
κĲ֪ʲô˷εǧ仰ֻ˼ѣ⻨ñȽϰ䡣
κƶǶصͷ˵öԡ
ʱκע⵽κһֻܱ󣬼Ϊƣʵʲô𣿡
κ˼ûа
κûʲô
ƫƫκǸݵˣǵҪ
κ嵹ǲԼǰЦԼ
룬κҪ
κͷš
㿴˲Цҡ
Цκʲôѽ
κѱֻ
κգգۣסˡ
ģκһŵص
κ⸱κ֪ˡ
κᲢһˣҲֱ˵ʲôʲôõģֻǱȽίضκãҾ̫ܲʺ¡
κ廨ܣεЦⲻŪŪû⵱
Ϊ
ôܣ
κؿκù廨ܣ׾޳ָһö廨룬ͷר־ظ˴
ֹκ壬ºҲǾˣŲκϡ棬ӻ壿
һݵصӺвš
ֱκĲ˼
⣬簡û¾ͨŮҸɵĻʲôѽǺá
κ绹
κһ㶣ȻƵģһѽе廨ӵƻȥˣ֣һƽصǲѡ
κҵ˼ǣôЩ
˿ƻ廨ܣһĵ˸һҲĺá

κ᲻˼ͷ⼸겻ڸУûĸףĸһţʱȥЩúĸˣҲͲĸЩ
κ᱾ǸܴˣѧʲôѧĿ죬ЩκСҪѧĶֻڸУЩ£κȫ
κÿɱ˵Ҫȥ˻Ц
˵һκĸܣЩɬȴַŵ
簡
ǡ
κ峯κ˼磬ҿԱһ𣿡
κһ㶣ȻЦſ˫ۣЦҪϲɹȥ𣿡
κ˱ۣСֹǵİɡ
ã΢㣬һжã˾ãõҲиõ鷢ɡ


16

κ˵Ĺ磬ʵǻʵԶרΪκκġ
Ϊ칦硣
κһ֮ã˵Ҫ칦ڻسվӦˣɵȴûп
κԶָֻ˳дǬӭӡ
ҲûῴκңǬǳһƷ󳼣ةһְκǶġ
Ϊةģ
˹ϵòãκҲ̫ǰǬҲǺǵġ
Ϊʲô
Ů֪
ǬŮ֮ʮһ·֮λñ˭ȣҲʮӣȻòˣŻҰҲУ󹬳»ʺ֮⣬֮һ˶
֮Ҳȷʵݣжթļıһܡ
ʵκ廹ͦģϾӮҰ
˶ˣܴ乬ԼĶӵ˻ʵۣҲ˳֮ϵ̫
걻乬֮ʧַ˴Ϊһ͸乬֮У˭룬
һĹٵŮҰʵ̫˵׼ǬҲеϵ

ºȻ֪ԼҹҪһ磬ؾͽҪϵĶ׼ˡ
ǰʱѿ϶ǲܴˣԻ֮޸κ屸Ưѣ޳Ƴɵĳ¡
κǰߴɫƵѣ꣬ܶϰҲøŸһġ
޸Ѵɫǳ䳤ȹ֮ȫ׼ȫ
Ҫ˵κ廹ûŸʱһжװ磬ϣ·磬Ҳû˼ȥ˽⡣
ɫʱƾͰκױ̨ǰɸֵصﰡ㻹ʲôѽ
κ壺
ԽͣΪǺ貣ȥˡ
ЦӯӯصĪҪȥ֮¡
ʱҲˣٹһκҪˡ
ͷһǽɵģɣַʽ¶ʱҪƸƯķء
ûһƱκ˸٣ȥò⣬ܾȱʲô
κ彫ױζ޻δü׼̫࣬κֻҵһС׹ӡ
ɡ
С׹÷״Ҳ£滹׹һСӣÿǺÿɫصЩ
֮⣬Ҳûѡˡ
ֻЭؽһС׹Ӵκͷϣ
κϸ˻裬üɨʩۣٸĨ˵֬ɫ
ױ֮κԺÿԭ־͵ģЩӢɫϸۣ˿ȥȵָ߹󣬻ɡ
Ͱ׼ˣɫȹȹڴ˲Ļʵ
»˼
κԹԵش·ڸȹ
κȴͻȻûסЦӺҪˡ
ҲЦϹ˵Ҫ޸˭
˵©ˣκϽסͷͷ΢ҿɲ㣬Ժɾͬ˵
Ƴգգۣ»⣬Ȼκ壺Ŷǿʹɾ
κ첻ԡ
һ֮Ūˡ
κڷ嶣ˣöϵ˽·ʱٲܴҡˣֻС鲽ߵû
һЩŮ緶

һ׼Ѿ߹УºƸκԺӡ
ߵſڲŷ֣ð⻹ȫˡ
磬κǿԴģֻû뵽ƼξҲš
εãǱãһȥҲûʲô⣬ǣƼʲôȥ
Ҳ̫Ҫ˰ɡ
κɫ̫ѿƼˣʵôˣô
κҡҡͷƽûв
νһϮ۳ȹ˸٣ģЦձϸС鷢ǳĵ˱Ȼ
κ壬ߵκǰ΢ЦҹɵصմÿÿɫصЩҪׯЩźá
°Է˸ֹۣ˵ʲô˼˵Լҹﴩ²ׯأԼܺõĶȥ
κ忴һۣкЦ
С˵Ҳ˼ĺܣԼÿҪӸ֮źÿɫصҪׯЩԸһϮɫѲҪκ崩һɫĵ·
ɣκ᲻֪ǵС˼
κ嵹ҲȻҲο۸һףֻ˳ĻŶҲԼձȱúÿࡣ
ȻСֻֻգÿһҶҪƯãҼҴϼգȰ㰡ðһ㣬Щ۶ӳ
Ц΢΢̣˵Щʲô
κҲûٶ˵ֻת
װνκ˾Ľǧֻ˼꣬ͬһҪߣκ̲ȥġ
ƼΣˣһҪǸϳȥ

˵껰κߵȥ޴粽룬ƼҲں˵Ż
κСޣĸҲҪһȥ𣿡
ҪȥҾͲȥˡ
װ׵ˣСˣҲ֪޳Բס
޺Ц˭˵ĸҪȥˣ
κ忴˿Ƽķʾһ¡
޵ȥĸҪڸУðѱôȥ
繬磬Ȼֻһˣ˵Ϊ󽫾κרŶģ϶ǰ
Щ󳼶żҾ磬жģŷԱ࿴࿴ԺĶϱŮģԻһ磬ϴŹʣ˶ĿԴ޸ɾ
޶ƼǺãҲǺͿʲôģʼƼȥģûͬ⡣
ԭƼŮסѾʮֵĲˣỹҪŽԹҾýȢޣļдСġ
УƼҲ檰
ʵ̫أȻͬ⡣
Ƽͼ£һȫŽޣҲͬϵֽϾԺԺȻÿŽء
ƼҲûҪȥμӹ֮ˣֻ찵ʱŮнʢװһȫ¶һ˿Ŵȥ˳
ĸ֮ӣΪ֮Զ
Ƽûܼ޵úɾϣԼŮܹ޵úɾ
ţθٵɾֻ˵еҹӴۻʹнĻʵ֮ӡ
ֻޣԼŮ
ֶŮ磬Ҳûʲô⣬޺ܿͬˡ
ԣκ忴һС
ôһһɡ

ſͣСǰȺ
κ׼ʣôû׺͸أһ̧ۣͼŸ׺͸Ӱˡ


17

κжȥս£ϳ̫һλŵĽˣôЦݿȥЩζ
κκǰе㷸ˣκɲκһŸף޲ñף
ʵڿţҲ̫ˣκһ¸׵ڳκ塣
ҲбЦ͵ſκЦء
֪κƮƮɨһκ壬ֻˡ
κ᣺
Σ
˵Цˣ
Ȼǿɵġ
κСκߣκ֮ĳ谮Ҫ簮ĳ̶ˣȻΪһκ彿ݰôģεĶͲ˵ˣһҪԭȻΪ˳
κһʣһκᣬκ壬˳
ԭκκһ޴λں棬Ϊκ᷸ˣں汣á
ãҲûʲôŮ֮ɻ䡣
κЦκᣬκԾʱһ䣺ص㡣
õġκջر飬һƽǰ
κῴֻȻжκ˸ơ
ãܰŶ
κɪĲҪ
ʵҲκ᷸ˣκȻϹţɱϾսԡѪսˣκСҲٸκκս⣬κڸ׵ӡģһλߴ˾صĴ󽫾⿪Ц
κСʱκǱͷ羰ҲǺСʱ
κæûʱһֵ֮ȤζǸҪΡ
κٴһʱ򣬱߹սκ
˺ֻڹʱܼŸףκԭΪԺҪߵ·Ǻ͸һģ£źڰһǰ
񲢲κʱκ
ĸ˼ȫϣСʱͿɰһЦʱǶκġ
κʱзģãһҪãõĶĿֵĹһ
󣬸зһЩ£κ᲻ٸżеʦ»ʺָ̫εİ̫ڹӼ飬һֱڡ
ڳˣͬ׼Ļ٣Ȼ͸׿Ц
һ˸׵顣һĸ׵顣
ԸڸĸǰżЩССĲڡ

ʹҲǺԶߵÿ죬һӾ͵˹ſڡ
ߣߴׯϵṬţΡûʵĹһյһյʢ˥ĳơ
⹬̫ƯˣƴҲҪ֪ع֮Уĺհ׹ǡ
κڣǱƫǳ˸ҽһ;Ļš
ڣȽȽ
һ֧ŶͷбϣСһԵĹŮСظ״¯мЩȥ
˴ʮӣƤõֻ۽ǴϸȥеβƣͷںɫУһ֧˿бڷٵС
˱»ʺ̫εĸס
ԭҪŻһȥ칦ϵģǺɲɣʺ˲ڹҪȥˡ
Ѭ˻˯һ̺СŮֱǷʣֱӵض˯ˡ
ȴһǷûʱƼ̫˽ӲһĹǷȥˡ
Ρμ̫ӵ¡СŮǹ
ţû£ȥɡεºͺ͵ġ
СŮ½¡
ߵ»ʺǰеĸ󣿡
ʺ΢΢ۣڲǹоٰ칦ʱ
ЦЦûʼأд˲٣κû
»ʺͷֻӦÿˡ
šʵĸȥ𣿡
ȥˣҲú֮⡣Լ˱ˮȣֵ˵κиŮСȥ˱߹һĸһ
ǰڽһԼ͵ᣬ˵Լĺһλ˺κǧκ
ĸǵǰȥκм
䲻ԼĸΪκȻκȤɺܳʵصͷһ档
ŶǸʲô˶
ܺÿ
»ʺֻǺÿ˼һ棬ֻòÿ
ȻҪʲôһطʵ
ŻԸʲôܸע⵽˰ɡ
ҡҡͷδעôࡣ
»ʺ󣺡
ο»ʺһԶԵģȻʵĸΪҪЩ£
»ʺ˶٣ЦҲ켰ˣСҲҪźţ⹬д֮ŮҲϲĸκĹκִСһͬĸˣκܴĸҲܲΪѰ̫
γĬ
»ʺʣô
εãκ֮ˡ
һ£»ʺϧŶûлˡ
β
»ʺˣȥǰɣκֵþ칦粻Ҫȥˡ
ʱҲС̫ߣαС̫һȥǰ

ǰʵѾپ죬ЩپǴ඼໥ʶģλǳλ󳼵ĵޣλСļҸϵĵճŮǶ˽һ
칦˹ûЩپǱ㶼ͷ̸
һλķЦףκôû
һλ˵㣬ٵȵȾˣϲҲûô
˵κΰŮҲˡ˵
Ůǵû
ȥĶǶû
һλʮֵŵò˵ҵǼκŮֻСʱͦõһС
أʡ
˵Ǹκһȥ˱߹һһǰŻء
˾̾߹ǵطຮ쳣κôҪŮȥѽ
˭֪أб˵ĵɡСֹ
κôá
Щپĵ֣Ȼһλ˲廰Ƕ֪κǧɲǡ
Ŷô˵
ʲôʱ򣬰֮飬²ؼ߸߹ǳ̬Ǳ˵±ȥ̽
λſڣԼһЦҸϵѾͷͽλСãλСĺܣǰգѾͷ˵κǧؼҵһ¾ͬλСִìܣ˵֡
κǧôã
ɲСûĸߣ߹ش̵ĵط뺷κǧɲѧ𣿡
˸ЦȻԶԼŮһκǧ𣬿ҪԶ㣬ȻҪͻȻ˵ʲôͻôùѽԼҹŮԿ
λúܵŵò˱Ҳλ䲻ʮһģһСԲۣ˫Ѿ٣쳣ɰ
˳Լĸ׵ڣСЩǶûˣôκҽǻأ
ò˸˸ͷǲκҽǻ˾ͺѽ
ǵģӳڱϣô˵ôȫԼҪһųγ֮ģǺǻԼֱ档
С¶صͷ
ڴʱһŮվű˵ĲǣֺˣǸո˵ģǱܺߣκҹأһ仰û˵ͱǱųɷ֮ˣҪ˵޹֮ˡ
˵˴ʮӣͲ󣬵ˣλϳ̫֥ҵĵŮ¡
Ϸ˶û˵һŮúõĲ廰ʲôһλƮƮصӴ˵ĺ˽κҹһʲôϵ
˷ЦСֹ˵׼Ӻκҹһġ
԰һ˵κǧ޹һİɣڸ۸ܵǣ
˸ЦΡ
ôҲ벻龰ĲҪϷŮ£ȻԼվһЦƽαܰĿСϣǺǻҲ˵ģԼȥֱ棬λ˵ҲЩҸоһλŮĶĵܵ۸
˵ƽһһ䲻ġ
λƲƲ죬Ա첻ԡ
룺Ϸ˵öԣСƽϡ

¶ĸ׵Ҳ뽲乫д𣿡
ϷҡͷҲ֪ô˵
ĵȻû˳ǧǧ죬һ˵һ䲻ǣһ˵һ䲻ãĭӶ㣬һ˸翹Ǹûõġ
º޺޵صƫҪǷҾͲϣǺǻһ仰;ˣƾʲôҲܣҪκǧѡ
Ϸһڲˮû£Ǻˡ
û°ɡµǵ
Ϸ˰ڰ֣ƽ֮ʲô۶ӡ
һЦֲ֣еǧС㣬ŮһҲ򽻵κǧ˵ãҵʶʶ
֪κҹһǸˣϷ˵
¿ԶһۣòãԼܸоĳ


18

پϸϸ̸δȥſڴ˶̧ۿȥ
ԭǴ󽫾κˣκЯŷǰߣŵκüбΡ
κЩǶʶҲڹмΣǸ޳ٷĹӸûʲô޵ģֻûʲô
κκ֧ţκȴӾûиһϹսѫǽԼҹ޹ȥҲǲ׵ġ
κλӯӯǳЦĹģ£üĿӢһϮˮɫȹĵˮ
ΣҲʶõġ
κλӯӯǳЦĹĪǸղЩǿӷǳõκǧκ壿
⡭һ㶼񰡣ɷˡ
ȻҪۼΪʵ
иףκҹﻹѽɷˣӦûôİɡ
˵Ц
ȿŰɡ
ҲЦ⣬ȴʵҪҲƾʲô˵Ŀⶼͣκϡ
ģ
ԭκЩ룬ʱȻ˼׷κ壬Ȼȥһκ
һ˲䣬κݺݵ˦֡
ʱ˲١
һ޺ؿκ壬٣ͫˮ޲޵ӣһģ
㡭ҡСϸռί
˿ܲףκȴ֪θոͻȻץһжء
κ岻ϲָףð£ָһȫˣβһָǾģָ׼⣬һȥ̾ͳһĿĵĺۣңǹġ
е㷸ˣκôҲû뵽λ⼼ܡ
˺ܶ˶ţôҲκĴΪݲ±Σ˱Щӳһ±׳׳κ嵹ã֮ͥ£ֱӺݺݵؽ˦
ոջκӡõĹټҷֱԣСֹѽԭκҹĲð
ɲô֮ǰ˵ͬԼұôأҿģСӳĿɵСĵ㣬𱻵סඣ
ȥȥȥ˵ʲôҲùҵ۲С
Ա߷Ц
κԱȻҲע⵽ˣʵãôˣ
ֻãҲѯʱһְġ
ûóΪΡ
κ峯κһЦû£ǰղСİŪˣ˿ڻδϣոֱײһ£ûסۣԲš
κῴһΣҲû˵ʲôֻκҪСĵ㰡
Щټҷ˵һЩκǰģɽղһκңв̤һ벽Ȼߡ
ǰһΡ
θö֮۶ӣκ͸Բ˶ߡ
뵽ˣκǹ˸Цסε֣Цǵģ֪˿ڻδϣһץֱӰҵץ˲Һùô
˵ʱ۴Ц⣬Ҳºģ̬ȣʲôëˡ
ԣԹֻվߵĽǶ˵٣˭ȥأͼ֣һЦˡ
һģȽײͬĻôװһװҲûʲô
˶Ϊ˸ȲʣֻñԲ㿩
ִκ޼¡
˵κͦģһŮҽǸκģһŮӴĶ࣬αǣţҲ֪ܲܰȥ
Ĭһɡ

칦ĵص԰ڣǶˣ˱㲻ټȥˣԸǰ·һλ̫԰ȥˡ
԰ڻŽأ滨ݲۣϸϸȥ˱Ƕһ԰Ʈ㡣
Ȼʤա
һһʵԶ١
ߵĻһλòŮӣŮ񻣬ҷ軨ȹȹϻα棬һۿȥΪŻʳڡ
һʱɫ졣
ԭ
ֻ˲»ʺ󣬶Ǽʢһ֮
ɫ죬Ҳû˸ϸֹЩʲôҵ£ǿûӰԡ
ԶϷٱʾڴ󳼣ˬЦ籾Ϊκ裬ڰ䲻ؾ񣬾鳩ǡ
Ȼʵ۷˻ڴȻپ񣬵ϸ˿֮ϯƱյһ̫ƽʢģ
κǴʱ䲻࣬дҲ̫Ҳֱ࣬ӵһ⡣
˵Ϊ칦磬ȻǴ󽫾κˣɴʱ龰ǣκ
κҲΣֻùеľСƣʵûʲôȤζҪھУͬԼʿһȾƲŽоˡ
칦ţҲʵȤĺܡ
ʱһλС̫žƺȥκƣͷʱκ˵һ仰ɤ΢⵫ֻ㹻κһ
С̫ʵ࣬񷵳õúúһǣֻ񱧲ϯ칦磬Ҫ֣˹֮ҡ
κˣκҵΡ
С̫ЦⱭƣǻʺﾴġ
κûͷоƣͷһ
С̫¡
оŮǷϯκֻС̫࿿κǺκ˵ЩģʲôͲˣκɫҲʲô¡
ŮǶԼȦӣںһλʮֵŵķ˵λ߻˸ʮһС
Сò࣬̽ͷ̽Ե͵͵κ壬κע⵽ʱ̧ۿȥСһЦСﻹˣɴĸ󲻳
ʱ޿ڵη㻹ǵ𣿡
ηˣκ룬ˣҼˣСʱηǳأ
ηЦСѾͷĺ󱳣Ǵ㰡нá
Сؿκ壬Ǿλûʲôɱɣԥ˺һſĿİ˵һ䣺㡭á
κ峯ҡҡ֣΢ЦҲѽá
Сǹ»δ˵ŮƣΪСʱ򺦹һ֮һֱͣʱ
ηֶŮԱСν㣬ҲҪŶ
ƿһΣǲ
ҲûʱȥעЩڵԼ֣κɱģʵ̫ˣֹͷҪˡ
ϴʹУ̲סκ巭˼ۡ
۸ɱηƼΪǶԼŮʲô΢üηŮ֣Ҳһۣתͷ̸
Щκȴδע⵽ʱĿںԶһ𣬶Ϸ֮ϡ
ǰκۼ֮ʢһʱ乬ȻַѾ˼乬֮һѷ̫·̡
֮Ǹܷˣⲻ˵̱뷴֮üΪƯһʹһλΪ˵Ůӡ
ѰŮĿÿҲֻƽƽ棬֮һǵĺ꣬һһȻ
һλ޵Ůӣ˱ģԸκ֪֮ʲôˣԴ˿̿ȥЦ̣ˣڲزס۵׵ŨҰġ
Ŀ⿴ˣͬһ㡣
ΪͼǵĶ裬ʵǣͼǧ
κ嶢֮ʱ֮ȻĿκ廹ûüջĿ⣬Ŀԣ֮ζЦһ¡
κƽƿߣͷһڱоơ


19

ʵҪ˵ʵԶҲرģĿһλȽϽԺõˡ
ĵǧϣԶһĺ󹬾ֻλӡ
»ʺӵʱ޸ģλǺ˻ʵ֮ɽ󹬵ġ
λŮӵУԶϲ֮Ϊģֻ֮
ʺȻ֪񣬿ȴƽ⣬һҪȨϥ
»ʺǲԶô̹ģֻϳۣۣʱԶд󳼸ˣʺҲοֻ˵ǻʵۣ֮ϣһһǳİв̤
ͷϣýʲô֮ͲһԶ˽ǲͨǲ֪ôҲֻٺ»ȴʵ¡
ˣ֮ˮ˳ᰲοϲҪӾͲˣҪҪѹˡ
ˮȻ֣ܽǵϸ߸ϵĵҪһһǿƵˣҪһͬ飬Ҫʱˡ
ɣ֮á
ʢ費˥

κͷȾƵ˲䣬ȻԱߴһ󾪺̧ɻسԴȥִžƱ΢΢һ£Ȼ۽ޣ̷еľƱ
ֹŮϯϼ˵Ŀⶼͣפ԰⣬֥ͣӰ֮ϡ
һ˰īһƹǣһЦ⣬ݣű˿
֮УһüĿ㣬һЩƫŮԻ΢ʱ򣬿ܾôЩ˼档
˲ˣλӣ̫κӣȡ
ɷϣ˵òĶͣԶڡ
Ǿһ֦²õĻ䣬ֻŶĿ
Ķӣܳ裬Ҳܾ谮
ʱȣӰĺܣҲ޷죬κ忴ظ̫߽԰ڡ
ھŮϯʱȲĿɨһŮϯϯŮ潿߶Цɫԡ
ȼ龰Ц¶Ž׻
忡ŵɣޣֵ˾۵Ŀ⡣
ڿκϯʱĿ΢΢ͣ£ЦκȻҲע⵽һĻȻԵǵס
κһЦǶģԵΡ
ιƶ֪ԼһҪˣֻĿתض̫ӵ¿
κҡҡͷΪθеɱȥΡ
ıߣǰʱ֮λϣȴ۰Ͱ͵ض̫ӣԸҲҪ޸̫ӡ
Ҳ֪ĶλòţǼأֻҪκеģȫҪ
ЩʵѾҪˣκһҲֻ̫ϣȣأ
ϱôĿ࣬⣬һΣɣκҲٺκιϵˡ
ЩʱĻϲӦֵϧ˰


20

칦Ÿտʼ̫Ӻò
λʵй֮󣬱ϯ
£ŮǱ˾ơ
ϯи費ϣַǷ
ζ˾Ʊȥκһơ
̫ӣԭȺӵԲȥ˾ƣֻκԸȥοĴ󽫾
ϯкЩ󳼴̫׽
εһƾκҲȰסûϯվмλͬȸĽԱоƾֱӾȡ
̬Ⱦɢɢģ۽޵ʹǹŵЦ⣬žưҲȣҲ֪Щʲô
ˣֻԼѾһ
׽ΪԼŮиùޡ
ΪŮҲΪԼ;롣
ԹҵĹӸǣеλǸʡ
һλ̫ӣһλǹܳСӣԼŮ޹ȥһ֮֮ٻ
ʲôʱЩӵĿУԼŮ޽ʹõĹޡ

Ըܺãκһֱֻ֪һ⡣
ǰβûôһε칦磬κûȥ
һ̫ȶģȶĵڰһ
κױ̫ӵģȴûϧεĻӻ֮øȿȴһһ⡣
һĿѣҲƽƽˣֻǼֲȥˣﰡ
κԲΣȶԲκ塣
һβһܶණˣѡأ
ϿѹӣҲ¹ģϸŻ֣ᷢʵǺܵĮģ˾ôЩ档
Ǻϲһ˵ġ
ʼ˶еΪദʵѹС
һȶģκôҲ벻ԼεֻۣҲʱ˺͡
ʱ˺һȴʧЧҪԭ򣬲Ҳա
Ͼôһ̫ӣ˭ȥϲһͻȻĨỹͶͱ˰
Ҫκ壬Ͳϲ
أһμûûڶθѰӺδϻء
˼̫ӣʱ˸ŵģĶôס
κ弫ΪգϱҲЩִϵľƱһ˺üơ
Ǻȵ̫죬ҲǹеľƻЩԵģκǰģ㶼Ҫſأѹȥˡ
ע⵽Щ˻κ壺
κۿȥȻ۾ɻ
޵ôˣƺȶˣ
׼ŮȾƵģǳɣɶȣκģ²Ǻȶ˰ɡ
һԵֻصĸҲ̫ܺȾˣһƶȹˡ
üͷ΢˵ȻκչԺףǰ
СʱĸһȴֺƴŵѹҪˣ᲻Ұ
κ峤΢һˮҪ
޾Ҫ˵ڵʱѹȥκֵ˵ʲôﲻ˭
ηԱߵСƿκЦ۵˵ߡߣ㲻ô˻ޡ
κҲЦȥ˾ƵСЦң´ҼҾͲԺóԵĸˡ
ԥ£ѽջظոǾ仰ɰˡ
κصͷ
޺ηҲһЦֻԼҹﶼ̫ڵӡ
κͷһΣȻһЦ
Ǳװ׵ڸΣ뿴Цûš
εҲûκ壬ֻĿתض̫Σгһշ֦ͷˣúݺݵѹκһͷ

Ǳ칦绹ڼκѾȥˣ̫ˡ
ŮϯߣκֻʶƺΣξͰˣ֮ûʲô˵ġ
κ島˳޵ӣСҳȥһ¡
޵ʲô
κС
ŵͷκ׼̾ʹϯ뿪ˡ
ηƼˣһʡ
ްԭ˵ηɻôԳȥ⹬в棬ֲʶ·³ײ˹λ˰
һҲǣ׼һԵŮȥһתۣκѲӰŮôҰ
ǷԸŮȥˣȻη˵д˿磬ǶǰͷӦҲʲô⣬ȷģ

κԻʹϤЩ·ǰδ߹ܶأ԰
԰ῪһϸСķɫ֦ںɪɪţȴԾɿҡ
κ岻֪Щʲô֣δģ˵Щջʱκ塣
ǸʱκԻʹԻȨǴ״̬ʱСڱ߹ĥ˼꣬Ͼɹ˵ģͷһνսս˵йض࣬һСķ˴Լ겻˵ۼˡ
żȻһνǵ˻ʺ٣ʺǺܲĻʺκͬദҲʼСľ·ˡ
ʱ򣬻ʺҪκŮˣκһں嶯Ǳθѹȥˡ
-
κ԰С·һֱߣ·ƽ˱ǡ
ǰ꣬໨ˮ͸еδű㱻ˮ֦ͷδüһ˼䣬㱻С
κѵõЩ֮ģͬԺѾͷ仨ɨ˻ʡ
԰ΪʼҵĻ԰ΪרЩ԰еĻüãİΪ˱סԴɲЩˡ
Ļ˹
κƵߣʵûʲôҪ£ֻǵ͸͸ѡ
Ȼκ忴ǰڵס֣
ס֡ɰѲԶһκµĹˡ
ǹ׼һ俪òõĻѾ֦ˣͲһ۶
ƫƫͻȻ˷֣һ£̧ۿκ壬˵صѽŵˡ
κЦŵ㣬㵨ӿɴˣʲôţ
ǹϸ˿κ壬۾ϲң֪˭ˣκǧκ塣
κû뵽ԼȻôˣŸջ겻ãûʲôֵ£Լұβϵµֵ˾֪
κΪΪԼĻϵԼ⴫ȥҲ̫˰ɣѵҪ
ˣκϽֵҲκ壬ҲʶҺûйϵ
ǹһЦ
ƭˣոϯʱҾͼˡ
κüͷһ壬أ
ոΪʲôժǹʡ
κʵҪǲ뱻ϣǾժ
˭ǵ𰡣лʺ
ԣϽջ֣תͷκһЦҲҽ¡
κͷءŶһ
µѰɣ
κ壺


21

ͻȻиƯ˵ҪѣԸô
Ŷ㻹ʶ
κһӦǣĪǶͼı
¼κûԼҲֻҾͦõġ
κúЦָָԼңҶ֪ԼˣѵдˡǺˡ⼸ֲɣ
ЦҾãǺá
κϽǰܵ˵ʲôɣֲʶ㣬ʲôѰͼʲôѽ
⻰˼˺һŵŶǸҾκ᳤ûͦÿġ
Ϊҹ֮仹Щ룬˵仰˵Ҳᣬκ岻ȷû졣
˵ö֮˸糤úÿ˺ٵģ룬仰һδĹ˵
οûô찡
κ̽أ
µ죬ֱӹκ֣תƻѽǣ㻹ˣ
ǡҡ
κһ仰û˵꣬±ŵջҲûʲôѣԸͬѣҡ
κʱЦæңʵǣ˭ҵĹﰡô֪ûѣ
µҸ̫֥ҵĵŮ
κͷ˵¸Ͻȱ˵֪㸸Ǵ󽫾ǵǲģҿ˳ۣҲУҲǸҡ
κ˫ۣмΪɻ룺ʲôʱˣʲôûʾ
һ⣬֪ʲʣκ忴
ʮˬһ֣ʰɣ
Ҹκᡭ
˵һֱˡ
£һ仰ԣҿѡҪҪش𡣡
κ̣һǲ˰ɡ
ԭ¶Լô죬²ǿκɡ
ջûʳҪǾ¿ܻ᲻̫˼ش⡣
ЦЦôߵصаɣ㲻ʵİڿʼˡ
κ忪ڣֱӵκ֮ˣ
κҡͷҡͷǱʾ֪ûС
һҡͷʱϲɫ˫۷ؿκ壬ֱκ忴зë
ȻµҸҪͬΪˡ
˵ˣκһʱ֪˵ʲôá
κֻ˻Σô
ҾΪңκ롣
˼ҲԸͬѵģֻΪԼҸ磬Լɩɩ
κ̾
µ̾ʲôѵԸ𣿡
ҲûʲôõѣͬҽãԺ㲻մڸУҿԸӣҸ棬ʡմڽĶա
ҿллˡ
κ岻˵´չȥСʵһ㶼ϲǱðɣ
κԣһЦתۿ£ƽⲻ˾֪𣿡
գգۣû˵
κԽǰȥһһͲã֪ӽݣͬҽãҲ»
˵꣬ǾúЦֽŵ˶ô˵Ҵžˡ
תκ壬ʲôֲЩˣһ˺ãڱǧ򻵣Ծãǲϲһˣڱ޹ҲܴϾ֮ദԸֻԵ
κЦûмˣֻĬĬصǾлл
κʵеϲģԸȥͱߵýû뵽վȻʮѵĹ
һܸʮ
Ҳ֪˵ʲôźá
ڳ֮µǳ費԰ڰ֮µĳĴ綼Щ档
¼κûӦĻֱӵҲˣûҾ͵ͬˣҸӣǵҪ
κ壺
ŶˣͬʵĻǧ˵Ҿʣûʲô˼
κ̲סͷ£˼𣿡
գգۣװ޹ص˵ʲôѽʲôԲԵģ
ֵˣ㶨Ҳ͵ܳ͸ģҳʱѾˣȻȥˣ𵽴ܣʡ·
һ˵껰Ҳκȥûֱתˡ
--

22

κ忴¼ҴҷʱӰ鲻ԽЦЦһټӰʱתⲽȡ
֮µιЩƽﱻι˵ģͲˣһеĽȿֺطˮ棬ٵЩʳ
ϧκϲûʳϵĻϣȥЩ㡣
һ˵ڣԼ˶ãҲûҪȥ
-
ӱͲйоصȻϰߣһסˣֱӲͷҪ͸͸
ʵԶֻźͳдûȣȱ͵͵ϯܳȥ档
һ֮ע⵽ˣûȣֻǵߺԸźһСŮ͵͵ȥȡ
֮ǴЦؿ·ĴǣȥȺӵȥͽ̫ΣЦⲻżԶＸ䣬˭Ҳ֪Щʲô
ϾҲû˵Ҳգ۵ȥֱ
ĿǰҲûΪº޺ĹĳһգΪĳЩ΢С£ǹǵûԩ

κЦÿĵʱƫ꣬ѻû˸ҺҲԺеһŰһ΢СŮ
СŮģϧκʵڻȥˣһѻԼ˸⡣
ʲôҪˣСŮ޵ȥҲһֻۣСŮɵ
СŮнӢʱûбԼĸĸУƫ֦ⳤģκͷ֦ܿѿҶӵ֦ĵ칬ǽ֮̽
˭뵽һλ̤֮ء
Լ벻ܾһû˯ѵΡ
˵ϵһŲСʯӣֱ㽫ʯӽ˳ֻ ˡһʯ³ȺӿϣˮĽ
ΣҲðɸβźá
κ忴ȿֺʳȺȻЦ
Ŀģüģв٣ӼΪˣ˿Ҳ鲻ԽظЦ
ȳ԰һ۾Ϳκ壬ԶԶľ֪Ц
ֻ֣ȺʲôЦġ
ҪǣܾԼĶ
ȷվ϶Ⱥκ壬κҵǧС㣬Ҳ˵СһǰŻԼǴ
Ѳһʲôǣɡ
뵽ҡͷЦЦԼˡ
κ峯ʯӣҲּ˼ţߵκԱվȻĬظһʯӡ
κ嵹Ǳһһ˭棬ͻȻԱָ߳Ĭظͬ£˵
˻ԼԽԽ˳۵ˡ
ǼЩǰĳ棬κһȣüѽ
ʯӵһ٣ȥ˫۶κ忴һŵ֪˭ô˵
κЦһ˭֪
ŶеʯӣϵĻңֱӵ㵹ǵ
κֱһ̯֣˵ˡ
ȿӣЦȥҲ֪κйʲôڣһңͶôӣ
κһĽƫʱ򣬷Ըй˶ͬǲԼġ
ʱԱ˳ŵľͰκ壬ﰵﳰڿκʱʵܲҲȥ
Ժֱݱɣȶ
κǹûκҽ̵ȫ̽ˣκȸ֮ıȨλһλÿԼĸȣ֮ڣȵĻλҪµȺƷˡ
κ治ȣ˵Ǳ֮Զ޷죬ĳҲ̫춾һ̫εĲ֮
ҲȲ˸ܻʵۣôȨ±˵лֻҸɣϻλеһоͺ˳ˡ
ȳԵ˸ʵĻʵۣ棬ʵʲôҲˡ
Ψһһ֮κ廹ǵΪΡ
ϲΣǧټ֮ͬ⣬ȢԼϧıߣ̫Ŀġ
ȲһܳĻӣıȵһҪʵ۵Ķ̫ء
ûͬ⣬ҪͬˣΪǲ֮Ϊ֮Ĺ֮ͬһͬ乬
һҲûȥ乬ȣκǻϹϲȣ乬͵ȥ

ɲô˼ҳĵһ£ıȨλڶ£Ľκ壬£ûϹսκȥפء
ĽҲա
ȰĿܻʵۣκһg˵ظȥ̫Ρ
κ忴ԶƫһǣȻûʲôڡ
ԲţôǶҺܴأ
κ²ǸоˣҶ˶
ЦЦҿһͦĵİ
ǰɡȽŵԴ̫ϯ۾û뿪̫Ӱ
κ忴һȣ̫ȻҪ࿴ۡ
ȵô˵Ҳ̫ɣ
룬ֵҾеѡ
˵ЩʲôκˣκЩͲӲˡ
ȴЦ¶С
ڿһûСӣǣ˾Ǹˣ˾͸˰ɫκټ
һ£ԼҲû˵ʲôܺЦĻѽʲôЦġ
κתҪߣȽסκûע⣬һ԰еĻ͸
ã֦Ҷ˿κ岻ҽӡ
ͷƽĪҪˡ
ȵţ㵨Ӳͦôʲôѽ͸ģţ˭˵һ䲻ģѺͷ
κͷ
⻨϶ǲӵģúõʲôҪõȥ֮Ƽˣɲװ׵ظѽҲ԰еĻҵɡ
ǻѽ
˵ˣ⻨ҪҲ͸Ӧ͸εġ
ѲԼεһ
룬κ廹ǵ뿪ϯ̫ˣûȥˣԱ㡣
ʱסκֱۣüʵܾĶ㣿
κ嶯˶ֱۣҲ˵ˣǺǿ϶ǼٵˣҲŻ겻ãӾþӹУˣ
ȶκ壬ɫĪ
κûӻֱˣǲȼǳġ
ȿκϯٲӰۣȻеʻ꣬һƬһƬسӽι㡣
-
ľԼκ壬ǵǵһμ棬κȶ˵Ļ
˵ӣÿ
Ⱦκ֮俪ڵĵһ仰Ӧþ仰Ҳ֪˲仰κһֱû˵
-

23

κصϯϵʱλãԣͷɵغ޴
ε֣Цӯӯ֪ˣ˵׼ΪǲһڵĸŮء
κ忴˼龰һ仰Ҳδ˵ֻĬ
Ȼεϯ
˵Ҳ˻ע⵽
ηԵСѾͷԭڵͷԼСһ㣬Ȼ̧ͷκ壬̳
ۣ˵仰ʱдЩ
η˼ҵСҲ֪ǲǺΰֲϣΣԸ㣬ιȥ޵ʱ򣬻صض˶С
Сﲻ飬ξͷۡ
Ҳ֪Ǻ˭ѧġ
ؼǣη˿ԼŮСҲֻû
ΰҧгݣ޲Ҫƴһٲźá
ۣ޷޵룬»Ů˲𰡣ԼʲôɫӶá
Լ̫Щ˻ǶҪڵϸԼд
ôһģȵġ
ٴ̧ͷʱϺһȡ֮һ˳ģ˭֪Щʲôأ
κͷ˰ǰСһ鱻ϡõĸ㣬һ£ףˣȻ㲻ϲԵĸ㣿
Ʋʮһ꣬Ҳ죬ӿͬСǶҪЩҪκ֪ôĻ͹ߣƻΪСֻ֮ꡣ
ƴϯƵκȥվԣͷСغκ˵Ļ
˵ʲôأ
˵Ұ㵱Сν㣬ϲңΪҿ뾾ҵҵҵҪҵͬ⣬ҪͲ
κûЦΪ˵ʵں࣬ˡ
κ뵽칦տʼʱԼҲСʱСﻹûʲôʾ˵Լͷһ
μȥκ˵ĻǱص˵ʲôĻأҲһô
Ƴ˸ߵҺʹĻΪʲôҪĻȻˣ
˸ûȤ
εЦЦ
ηһԿţǾЩףװǳơ
ƣôôûò
ת˲京ᣬֻۿתû
ǺһȻģŶˡ
κ㾪°ͣһģ˵ô׵
᲻ֵǮ
η˲Լҹһף޴ԲСʲôǻͷɡ
η˵ӵǾԼҺӶͱ˵Ĳ̫ãԼĸ׵ĵȻһֱװûɡ
ܵ˵˵źãҲñɽ
룬ԼϷһѺ֡
ڼҼ˵ģ˱㲻֪Сһޣľ߷֡
һ˵ض
û취ˣαֻܰװڱԴ
ηԴǸĿεչǧϰ
ֻܹɵػصȻᡣ
-
һߣԶԶģԭϷߵºȻӸκк
κ屾ûע⵽һֱκ᲻Զ̫Ρ
Ƴֵ㣬Ǳǲѽ
κͷһɲô⶯湻ģ޲˶֪ںԼк
κû취һ˵Ѿͺˣ˵Լҡ
аɣҾңҲˡ
һЩϲЦĹپǣκףЦһ¡
ȻҲ֮һЦ
ǽˡ
޼龰ɻʶλ
κͷʶã̫ϼҵǧ𡣡
ηæﵨӴҲ£Ǹù
κֻЦЦ˵
޻˵ЩʲôȻϷʵԶˡ
ʵһڣϯͰҲȥʲôҪ˵
ڴǷеľյΣնʱ
֧ר־˵ء
Զ˿·Ĵǣߺת󽫾κϡ
֣֮һֻȭڴ󣬾ֻѣʽ㡣
ӸλܶˣɣҲסдǡ
ڳ΢ͷҿԶ֪ʲôѽ
̫εºͺ͵ģƽϯϣֱͦĿ⵭ƽǰƻЦѾµԶҪ˵ʲôˡ
Զκʵ࣬߹ѶҲ̩񰲣ûôҪ򣬽㲻ر߹زš
˻ǽŵ˴η硭һʱհɣҲˡ
˻һϯϸǰõ붼ü
Զ˼̫ˣ̫ƽʢԽҲϢˡ
оǿκĿʱͬ
黢Թй߸֮˵κΪ˵͵òٵ͵ˣԵֲرһԶ粻ȥĿ
͸ʱʱ̿ԼԴһѴһָһӶˣԼûкùӳˡ
ڳʾκʵʵ˱Ȩؼϵˡ
κûԶΣǲԸ
˵ֹ˻û˵
κס׼ڣȻϯʱиС̫ƣ˵ǻʺﾴġ
˵һ仰Ҳ˵һ
»ʺʵ˵ĹϵǾͨң˵һĻκʵվ»ʺߵˡ
κ»ʺĸ״ѧҲûѧֻ꣬һΪʦܼЩ顣
ˣκͻȻףҲ»ʺ
ԶܹǲκģκһҪꡣ
߹ǵض߻ʵԶģ˭ҲܲţҪһκҪ췴ˣλǺܲȫ
ԼƤӵ°ȫ
ʼЩ˰ɣĲأܾҪıԼصģıȨλԶҲ£Ҳǣշת࣬ҹ£ûҲֵܸ¶
˵ʵһΣյĲ£ȴ̻ΣգĲȻǰмɵҪʱͱӡ
Ѹ㣬κԼʵڼѵúܣҪɴչˣʡܱš
ȥҲð
ȻκЩС˼û֪ģ󽫾Ҫд󽫾ϣܻסˡ
-
κϯУԶȻӻϵּ⡣˵ʱĿ̹
ԶЦǱãֻκҪ꣬߹䶨פأλЩ
ѯκǻûȵκ˵֮յԶϣ˵һ仰ɲҪﳼ檡
Զ˵
֮һЦϾñɼҵĶô
Զüʵ飬ӮҲ̫ϽЩ
֮ˣǱġ顯
Զ룬ͬˡ
Ǳκɡ
κֻεҡͷаɣľͺá
ôôϤ
-

24

Զ֮ĻͰ˸ˣκʱԷˡ
ϯĿǰһƬžԶĿĴﵽˣⳡ㲻ٴȥˣֱ֣֮˫˫ϯȥ
ʵһߣϯϲ칦Ҳˣ˶ˣжĵ
ԭκͳд󳼵Ĺϵ䲻ģ󲿷ʱ䲻꣬ҲûʱȥύЩд󳼡
칦տʼʱκһ仰ĲȻҲûȤ
ڵãԴκǿʼǶκͬͬ飬ϧϧ
Ȼκ˲ûʲôʾǴǱֵȴҪʹġ
׷߹οκеĹκļҡͷ̾Ҳ˵һϧģǹϵܺƵġ
еĳ¹ûãͱκС̫࣬Ȼǰϳһκļֻǹκ˹֣ǧ룬Ͽаš
и󳼹Цеͬκع⣬ȷѪģҲú¶ϥĻ֣ʵ꣬ʵҲ£ʱ仹Ƕ˺á
ĸҪŮ飬ŮʱҲҪĸ飬໥ġ
κͷ˵öԡ
ת׼ߵʱ򣬱󳼽סˡ
κʡ
κʾҪʿʣĥĥˡ
󳼽ΧչȥҾһ£ӿ֮ˣ
κ̧ۿվ̫Եκᣬҡҡͷ˵Ȳ
ȱߣǧǧ䣬Ҹлһλӡ
κؿһλ󳼣ɻϴˣôִʲô
̫֥ϴˣ˵κ֥ʵͬһ볯Ϊٵĳӣ˹ϵ죬ֻͷ֮ѡ
Ϊǹͬ鰲οģû뵽ǹԼҺ˵ýġ
κڿûЩ˼ҿκκˣҡҡͷֻӵ¶ԼĸҲǿȻϣԼһ˫ŮҸ彡ʤ⣬ֻ֮ϣĸıضǲǿȥԼϲ£¡
ϴֻЦŵͷЩΡ
κԣϴ˵ĺ⣬ˣպлᣬԸΪ׼ҡ
ϴ˻һµģøԼҶ޶ס˻ȥ
ԼҶӣǣûסκŮͲһˣϾһפع߹أȲûϹսӿ϶ҪͨŮҪһЩԼҶӴ´࣬ʵڲУֱһҲá
ͷ˿϶ǲŵģʱԶһЩͺˣ˺ӵġ
룬ǲʵǧ𡭡
û˵ȥֻԶ̫γ˹κҲ
ֹֻ֥˻ͷι˹¡
΢΢ף֥˻ȥ𣿡
֥һ£ôˡ
ĴʵѾߵĲˣ֥ҲȷʵøˣֻΪԼҶӣǳκ˵ûꡣ
ξ֥ĿƽͣҲûʲô˿ͦοš
̫ӻǸ̫ӣֻ̫ӺЩ֥ͬһʱҲ֪˵ʲôźá
κϴˣϷǱߵأ㻹ȥ𣿡
ãڶδԼˣֻ֥ù֣ˣұȥˡ
ε£ȸˡ
μûͷҲûҡͷ֥죬̫Ӵºͣƽ޹ʲӣôǺЩƵġ
㲻
ߣ֥һκҪǵո˵ĻлᣬһҪΪ׼ң
⻰üͷݺһ塣
κûע⵽̫ӵı飬ֻϴ˵ĻһŵؿκȻûɣϴ˸ո˵ʲôţ
ûףڻС֮£Ҿû磬Ҳû˼ȥЩ
κתͷһκᣬˣ㣬ãκ
Ŷκ˸ԼܾС࣬룬ҺòԼҪԼȢһ㶼˽Ĺɲʹˡ
Ҫòźѽ
ʱͻȻڵ̫ϴ˼ҵĶӣӲܶŹӹ仨¥ռ
̫ôϴ˵ĶᰲκĿɿڴؿ
ᰲôɣ
κҲǽüͷ̫һ˵֥Ϊ׼ҵͷʱȥ١
κյô˵ϴ˼ҵĶǸӵܡ
Ƕ˶٣ȻͷƽţӵܣҰƣ֮󣬺
κһ˵Ҳǣ˵Ҳǣֻ쳣ãĲᰲ̫Ӱ
ᰲٲҲڱ̫˵ôôһĲֵ
ⶼʲô¶̫ô˵ֱֲӽҴ
κغһ˵֥ôúõķҪ׼ңԭǼһ竣̫ŮԸҵ
κЦͷƽǧؿǡ
κ⻹ÿǣ붼롣
ƽκֵ¼Цˡ
ҡͷ״صǰЩӣȥڸżȻǧ𣬵ʱ龰ǧӦ֮˵ģǧҪԧ졣
κɻʵʱ龰κʱʲô
κ˲ʱκһξͶͶͱ£Ͻûʲôûʲôѵúܣʱ㾪˵¡
κ˵仰תͷΣʹɫ£԰Ầõġ
ʵκᵹЩˣκκǸĺ񰮣׶ŭ
Ȼκ˼ЦȻκûʲôֻǾǧׯϸõˡ
κΪͬصͷҶõĵĶɡ
仰˵ô壬һǵ̫ε˵ģκűʵжְִԲѵ˵⻰ʵЩ治ˡ
æν͵£˼ǡ
ֹ̧κҪ˵ȥĻֵֻá
ˣҲûʲôý͵ˣڸĸУŮˣȻҲֵõĶǶֵӵõġ
-
칦ɢ֮̾СŮС̫ǹʰ
κԶжְҲ˸ڣֻκЩ޷޲ƽ˿Ҳñֳ
ΣκΪǸƵģһ·ſڡ
κ޻ڹſڵκپҲ½½뿪ˡ
η˼ҵСưϣ᣶κֺ㣬һȥˣҰٴ档
κЦð
-
κ˹ſڣκһ˻ľͣε͵ˣѾˣ»ȥɡ
εвҪ٣ԺиҪýġ
κЦЦЩʵҲҪˣ˵ףûø׵𣬴ԨСʱұĳɳΪɷҲûɷһڸټĽʥжҵְ࣬ҲùһЩ£˵ģѽȷʵöˡ
ҲЦͽȥɣߡ
-

25

κκԼκǰǸ첻µزµӣٴ̫Σȴ˵Ĳˡ
̫ԵһǼʱôĲڶȻʲôӡˡ
κͷֱ̾ҪҰ
εòÿһ࣬˵Ӧþģ֮ˣ˶ûȡ
κԭµվһԣȻξҲκһˣһ£ɿµ֣̬վԣʮһԹŮģ
κ״Ҳʮκ壬κʲôӣˣһ̫ǰκǱ˸Ƶġ
֮ǰκκ˵κׯκỹЦţؿҲô˼
κʵкܶ໰˵ģǻߣȴҲֻĳ᲻صֳ
¡
һ¡е̫Σǰ̫ӻ
εС֣ȥ»ʺʵˣû˸ֱ֡
κǰǸ⣬Ϊϲ޼ɵڲһûĿŵĳ谮ôȥΪһֻ̫εĳӡ
ԶԴ̫ӣҪð
΢΢ףƽؿһκ壬ɫһ롣
κͷҲӡ
ξؿһκ壬ȻЦκôңĪ°ҵǰʶλˣ
ţ
κһ£̧ͷΣ֪⻰ʲô˼
ֹκסˣһԵ޺κеĪ̫˵ʲôʲôʲô˵ģԼҹŮջ겻ãʲô˰
Ǻúõģ̫ӾȻκҲе֣ڸеǶʱ䣬żڽ̫ӣĲ񻰣ֻ̫ȴδн̸
κ建˻ƽص¶ˣλ̫ӻЩͬġ
Ǳ˺ģһҪɳʵףʵﲻͬòԸ񡣡
κ̫ȻõģΪϵ£ʵΪ֮Ůǰʶλˡ
ԥһ£ƿߣȻصλˣȻȲϵ
˵ЩκĬĬؼһ䣬Ϊλ˲ϵ£ϵգ¾κ塣
ȻЩҲֻ˵˵ˣĸõ
ʱκȻ廰ʵ£㣬˵ʲôѽʲôġתͷһκ壬װЦѲǱˡ
⻰һκϽε˵Ҫô岻ģøջظˣɲҪ
ʱһƬˮίûС
˵ûСʱ۾һֱοϧûע⵽ЩȻҲῪΪ˵
ʱҲˣκθ£ȥˡ
εͷߡ
κỹǺκͬһκ±ˣعɣˡ
һߣһˡ
վڹ֮£ĿκһԽԽԶ
ʱκһۡ
εӰԽԽģܹϵˣȴ࿴ʶ
κжȻһʹæڵͣһ¡
ͣ£κȹǹҪȥκẰסˡ
ãҪȥ
κͷκһۣ磬ЩҪȥҲȣҲ֪ͱˣҲԺڣʧˣˣҲֻһκòá
β֪κ˵ʲôκ
κ嶯ʵ̫죬κûüֹȹھܡ
-
ҲûԶľ룬ϴ̫ҲܵĲŵĽѳ˰裬ײ¡
ʵʧˡ
κ弱Σѹ˲ôֻ࣬ǵ˹ſڵʱ򣬲ͻȻͣŸޣƽȻٻ̤С
ѾתҪˣһˣС̫СŮûУҲϲʱźš
κվ̨ϣεıӰһ
ͻȻͷκʱһ˲ЦʵôˣѾ𣿡
վԭأκ̨һһ߽ߵǰվؿ£ŮлҪ˵
ü˵
κһˣǧҪСȡ
Щʵκ˵ʼҵ£Դġ
κҪ࣬εĿ⿴ȥֻܿ΢ҵķ٣ͷϵؾ÷ѾˣϢЩȣԾܹġ
κΪ˵Щ
κ嵨ֹ
ͷһĹӼʲôһ˵˰ɡ
κĲ˵ŮϵЩ£ƹŮŮֻΩԸһаá
ε˵ģ㸸˵ġ
κҡͷ
˵ʱڽκʱ˵һλˣǷ࣬ΩԸһжá
⻰Լϣβ˼룬ܲԼɡ
Ǵǰûм档
λˡε
κӻ̫ӵ¡
һЦɱǰʶ
κŮǵ̫Ӿͺá
תƽ˵Ҳ̫
κ̫ӣŮҲޡ
-
Ҫô˵κ嵨أôǧĸκһͰ͵ع̫˵˵Ҽǵ㣬̫̫ӣҲޡ
Ҳǻȥˣܲ˶ɣһ̫ˣξԼˣܵùƽɣʲô¶Լռѽ
εȥɣ绹ڵ㡣
κҲ֪ĶһƻݸεϯϼҲԶֻƣԳŮ͵͵һƻո˶࣬ø£³˰ɡ
ƻ󣬺ͮͮġ
οһƻûӣֻǵֺñ
κƻһ٣Ȼôô˵ֺʲôô𣿡
εУ̫
κǵ½ܳŮֺ𣿡
β˼ֺܾá
κֻջƻͷɥġŶһ
·߲ͨβϲκֻˡ
תҪߵʱȲ֪ĶðˣֱߵκǰеƻһѶЦֲϲƻϲ͵͸˰ɡ
κһôҲû뵽ȻͻȻðҲ֪ղŵĻûУֱյغ𣺡ȣôҪƻҡ
⻰һڳ˶һ㶣Ȳ˵յûûֻ˵κôô
κҲֱһưԼִǰȶ̫࣬һǰΣ̲סȡ
ֵĻȣȻûҲ¡
εԸ壬еߣԼӲģһСľҪܷ
κҲ֪Լڳ嶯ҺЩǱȵǸԲҴˣĪ֡
ƻ˿䴽һЦκϲ㣬Դסˡ
κȻٶ˵ʲôǱ㳯λ񣬵λģŮиˡ
-

26

κתȥ˼̨̤֮κȻ󿪿ڣỺºͣһ¡
ţ
κסͷһۣżľ룬һ㶼Զκȴܾţ֮ƺǧɽˮ
ʵֹǧɽˮ֮·߲ͨ
ǧɽˮκ廹а취ȥһģԿǧɽˮ¾ڣһǰʱ򣬻δü˵һ仰ʱ򡭡
ȴ
ǰȾġ
û˽κȥϲһˣҲû˸ʲôġ
Լĸĸ;ȫµķ޶ģûܹࡣ
Ψһÿĵطܵġ
ڹܾ谮ԸλҪض࣬ټòã֪˶ǧСǵۡ
ޢ껪İӼˣԵ͸һʮԵ
ֻϧκֻռǰ
ÿСڻδ֮ǰϲһЦСӡ
Сݸ߹ǹӵЦһЦǹɢС
κҲ⣬ĹЩͬȵĵһۣǱЦߺֱǰ
˵ʲôӰÿÿҡ
ҡӣȴǰٰ㿴κ塣
Ȼϲκıá
еˣκϣǱȷʵҪŶЩκȲ
ϣֻΪһȣκӴ˿ʼҹ黭
ȻϲˣҾͱϲ
ǰôܾǧ谮ΪһȣԼ˭
һֱ˺κףԭϣҲз޲ʵۺӣҲһʵǣϲһˣǸ˾һҪϲġ
ϲȻʲôãǲϲ㣬ôһб㶼ǲõģԸòԳΪܾɡ
ϧͿϧڣκ׵̫ˣʱȥֲһЩһжµĹʱЩ˶ѾԶȥˡ
ںˣһһش뿪
Ҳˡ
Ҳû˶԰Ļˣȥ
Ҳ˵ãȹʱ򣬸ȥ̻
֮Ծÿ࣬Ϊȸϣȴδʧ
-
ҵ촹һֲԼĻᡣ
κ嵽ײǵһһˣȷʵ̫Σ˵ΩԸҲģֻ˵Ļûš
ֲȥֱ׵غ˵֮Ҫдλ˼
ֻεΣСһ֮ȶˡ
βǴǰǸһ۶ĵΣκѹ٣ҲϲԼôԼ˵һЩպųԼɡ
κ˱ۣͨˣܹǷεģһ·ߵڣҲҪȥԡ
ξǺȲһأ
Ҳ·ͨб·أ
ٲãպϲ˱ҵĹܻѹһЩʱգףġ
ԼëĶֹ࣬ܲϲԼǧ򱶵Ĺɡ
ֵһá
̫ӣ͸ûҶֲãպҪʵۣҲ˾ĻʵۣõΪһЩϲıʹ˵㡣
ʵκڵ塣
-
£κվ̨ϣͷε߶ϡ
䴽ЦţҲû£㣬ͷŪһ£ɢˡ
κոһ·ܹģûע⵽Щһ˵ͷҪɢˣϽȥԼͷ
ʮʧһ̬ǰúΣҲȻ̺졣
ԽļԽŪãƫƫͷȴʹôŪҲŪá
ƸģͷҲûʲôͷΣֻһ÷ӣӶˣΪӴͷϴ裬ɴͰӳ
һʰͷ˿ӵĳɢ˿٣硣
κˡ
ԶȺЦһ£Ҳ֪ǲǲЦûȥЩ
ûôѿʱһõӡ󣬿ɲ֪ΪΣǰƵƵ
κҲȥˣתֱˣֻҪͺˣҪһ
һ̧ŵһ˲׷ס󣬸һѣûֱ֡
ͷȥ̫ΣָϽͷ¡
κͷЩί˼
ЦΪʲô˼
κҲǹģûҪģҲ֪Ϊʲôˡ
˵ֿڣ״Ρ
οûϵû˹㣬ҲûʲôҪǸ
εºͣκţһᣬۿͺˣҲ̲סҪµ
ίţܵһ㰲ο
ƫƫһˡ
ԭûע⵽κڿޣôκͷŪãɢŷȥ̫á
ͷѯһκ壬ɲͷʱŷ֣ǰͷСͣµ
ԼҲֻкСʱſ޹֮¼ҲûãһҲٲˣˣԭǻ޵ġ
ȥοһڿеСɲᣬֲһֱȥ
ֱӵϴμ㣬ҲڿޣֿˣѲκˮģ
˵꣬ԼĴϵһݸκ壬һ¡
κûӣʵʱ˺ܶ࣬л¹ģܽӣȻ˵Ͳˡ
ҡͷû£Űɣûйӡǡ
κҲҡͷᶨܽӣŮԼС
ѹγһˣһСĵԼܿƵᡣ
μ״ֻջԼĽɢͷȥãԼŪ𣿡
ҲʣκԼҪǻŪͷͲɢˡ
ҡͷȻ£ûϵģŮĸǰţ·չʱҲûˣŮܹȥͺˣ˿ġ
룬ʵⱾͷ𣿡
κŽͻȻսȻ⡣
Ȼιͷнӹ֮ͷϴȥ
ΪĽκֺˡ
θŪͷòӣ˺һˣȥɣ´ټĻɱôçײˣҲҪ˱ͿʼޣȻΪǲԸԲſ޵ġ
κ⻰ȻΪЦ۾ЦģβΪᣬ￴ȥٵģرÿ
κĲģŮ²Ŀģٿˡ
-
ƣ̫κȣǹȻǲһġ
κǰᣬǲκģξͲһڵβǵôǰκЩǼκޣǻֽţۣȥοˡ
һ̣κǰξܾܴģٴΪζҸȼ
·׷֮·裬ֻҪγ̤һôκԸΪǧֱյǰ
ΣλΪȥ
ұԵ·ĶĥѣҲֻǶԼĿ飬һҲֻ϶һˡ
-

27

κȥʱº˸ɫΪ졣
СѯƣܾţⷢǲǱ˰֮ǰͷӣûǴɡ
ƿһۣûǴ
ɻô
Сȥʹ֪ˡ
µȥʣķ
ƱҲǸӣֻΪԼҹҪȥʣԼһóȻȥѯӵĻе㲻̫ãȻݣǲ̫ѽ
һȥҪֱ׵ʣҪίһ㡣
µôί񷨣
룬£սСֹż仰ͷһƶǶӡ
-
ӹ󣬸չʱʵҲرκΪǰ޹۾ĲУһظֱԼĹ뷿
ºƶĽŲ
Ȼݣºźκϴ׼κͷɢ
ø첲ײײ£ʹ˸ɫµ˵ͷȻŵɻƵףƣǹǲǴλѽҼǵý֮ǰӴߵģô͵ұȥѽ
ҲʮϣԼŪ𣿡
κˣû֨
ֵףҲˡ
ƵͷӦûǰҸ˴٣ôô
Щκڵķͣ˵ѿҲѿǾúܹ죬šüҸݴʳȴҲ벻
½ĻǲǾЩӵķ͡
ԶԶԡһ޲þ˫ͬ
ֻݵȻ죬ҲûκӦһ仰
ºƴСκߣκܲ˼׻
κ屾йҲ˵ҲСѾԼǰһһȥԼǲӣװûͺˡ
˼һͬģһڱ߹һ˰꣬ϵֱͬá
ǽѾǣȻκǰ˵Ҳֻºκ߻ˡ
ôҲײº˱ҲˣˣﲻԸ˵ôء
źκϴϣκ֮˯£²ŹȥѴ᣷£ĵƣƵ֣һ˳ȥ
-
һߣκ˯磬һߣﻹŵơ
κκκһصĽϵʱһᣬЦ̵ģ
˭֪һκ֮ɫ̾Ϳˡ
·Ҳߵÿ죬еڵģҲ֪Żʲô
ٺţҲǰȥʡ
ͷҲصؽݣָźεģȻĶ͸Ķˡ
Ҳû˵ţҲ֪һݣ־ݺݵذŸˤˡ
ֱˤϵģúܣ棬Żûײˡ
ײĺЩأƵءһű˼˿ŵķţϡ͸ıƹ⡣
ַµʱٲȻ˵Ѫ
ӳѪˡ
ͷ˿ڵգסһ룬ϵβӰǸ죬ҹķЩ⣬ӣЩ䡣
û˹Ҳܵġ
ڴϸ΢ò̫Уӣûȥϸڵ˵Щʲô
-
Ƽڵһݣϸ֦Ҷɫ绨һۿȥ;
ˤŵĶСƼһһСģ廨뻹ָͷˣһѪպõ˸õϡ
£һĹ򶼰׷ˡ
Ƽ廨ܣμ䣬̧ͷһԼŮһܻģϽʵˣôˣ
ߵûô
ƼŮ˱裬ʲôú˵Ե޹ʷʲôƢ˭Ƿ㲻ɣ
νӹӣ˾ͻȻ˵ΪʲôҪ棬Զͺˡ
κһʲôҪͺˣûһлԼġ
ƼЦǵˣ
κ޺޵صֻҪڽһ죬Ǿҵۡ
ǲϲκ壬С󶼲ϲͬŮңκ廹ҪϻЩƾʲôκñá
ǲ
̫ӵĴ࣬ƾʲôֱ̫Ӻȥκ˵
Ƽ½ǣһίصǰϳȥòãĺܲϲԺԼ޸ɾǻкӹģ١
üƺܲ˵仰˵ˣ˵١ˡ
ƼɫЩ˺һ˸ŮͷĻȻ£ԭ͸ҵģǽ㲻Ǽҵı˶ѣ˺ĸŮҲΪѡ
ûƼ˵ʲô
ƼĿǰû⣬ֻΣθŽϯϼЩ˰
ε̫Ӻˣûˣľûôעˡ
˵⻰ͻȻ뵽ʲôƵģּһ䣬Ҿú֣Ӵδ棬ôһҾͶЦѽ
ƼʲôֵģǶϲÿģŮƯȻҲϲ
ּǲڹܳλӡ
Щͷǵİɣûע⡣
ƼϲЦտԺصŮԺҪǼ˻ӣҲǸ߲ʵѽ
ҲŲ޸ӡεҪҲǼ޸̫ӣҪ̫̫˻ʵۣҪĻʺҲһһ֮£֮ϵĸо
˵⻰ʱ΢ͷŹ⣬һĵģͺ˵⻰ĿԵ̫ϻʺһ
ҪȰѱŪȥڸǻ¡ε
Ƽʲôа취˭ҲܵŮ·
ȷʵа취ܰκӽϳȥһΣȻܸϳȥڶΣڵڶΣκȥ˾ԶҲزˡ
Ǽ֪һΡ
䣬Ψҥˡ
-

28

գɫãκѵҲ硣
˸ȻƵ´ߵߣһѰѴƿ
չʢǳɫĹбб뷿ڣκվڵ񻨴ǰ΢Щ۵Ĺߡ
Юһ˿˿䵭ŵĻ㣬Ƣ
ºҲţжæŽ˵ɫĻƼκվڴǰ
ƿڵ̫ˣôҲ˯ѽ
κͷһЦصˣ˯ˡ
¶ˮκϴκϴʱ˵ϣ˯֮ҺҲȥϢѾ˯˵ģˡ
κڲʲôˣֲסһôᳳأ
ºǸκµѾߣκǺãظ֮븮бѾǺϲ㵥˼ӸסҲìܡ
еѾ߻嵽סһ䷿˵ǸźεģѾҲûʲô
κһ˶ˣҹҲҪºֻҪ׼˯ˣºҲͿԸϢˡ
Ҫ˵ءµʵҲ㳳˯˶ûأңȥ֮ϴϺɴûþԺдˮ
κе˵
µҹԺҿ϶ѽȻȥһµġ
ƵҲ£
һ֣صʲôµģҵӴأ֪ҿ˭𣿡
һ֣ǡ
һ۷ɹȥĹѽһЩ˵˵¡
κ㿴˴𣿡
µͷţǴҹû˯ܳˮˮ档
˵ѾȥˣϻЩģ벻ͨΪʲôҪˮ棬ǸʱҲûˮˡ
µźСǺƽദԭҾʹȥ𣬽ִѪӦײ˵ģˣܺЩۣˮף˳ҲЩʹ
κüëëӣȻҰҲὫָȥźõģˣҲŵڿ·ɡ
µ˴Ը˵Ҿðڱ˿˵
Ƶ֮ǰͦű𣬱ҪǴãôͰ͵شȥűﰡ
µһۣɵǼɵŹǹģƽҲǣҲߣǴͲһǷָźģҪ˱ﲻ죬ȥͷ˸һ״Ǵ⸮ﻹȥ𣿡
һѾߣһӶź˵Ļ̸˶Ǻõˡ
ҲŻȥѡΪūΪ澣Ǹݲϳȥ³ֻڸҡ
κĬĬͶĵ㣬һ㣬ûԸһֱίȥģԺЩҪ
Ʋ⣬ʵлΪβʣ
κЦһڲʣȻǻûʱ򡣡
µͷЦеضƵƣôôⰡչĻˡ
Ƴ°˸ûôأĲװҪʣû
-
κΪԶжְҲ˸ڣɴȥˣֱӾڸޡ
ֻɣЩʿͽǿɾδˡ
ɼҵĶ¹Σеæˡ
˶ñжְĴ󽫾Ӵ˾͸һ겻ӹӹµµһôȥˡ
ǺȻκ
Ҫһλ൨ĵĽţţڰеľһԵԼµĿ
κκ˶ϣԼĸ״Ӵ˾ڼУҲ̣Ҳפر߹أЩûõıȨͽˡ
øˣҲúգ¶ߵĸף̹ǣ˯Ҳ˯
Ȼű˵İãʣǵĴ󽫾𣬶ϵ
ɽӣϸ룬Ķ
˶ϧΪʲô󽫾Ͳϧء
ʵж˸׵ְκʾܿģ޲ҪĹƲźá
ԹңκʱãʵһƽҲǼõġ
˽һ㣬ֻΪԼñ̫Ρ
ÿ⡣
-
κظ֮ȻҪŸеĹأÿҪȥĸ밲ȻһԸ
ʵǹκģ˵ܾԼŮҪһԼֶŮξͺˣҲףи˵Ը
ȻҲȥǿ
ֻҪĲǾ͸ɶһ޶ģ˲ǰֹҲñɺͱһģһ
κǰ˵Ļԣκظûϰ黭ˡ

κ嵽˳κԺ䣬κվһԿš
κЦӯӯؿڻף硣
κԼŮͣͷˣ
κҲŵãĿ簡绹ΪٻҪ˯һʱأ
κҿûô
κЦЦҲûϵġ
һЩԻ˭֪κͻȻ廰ô㵱𣿡
κ붼û룬ֱӵֲ
κֱЦ磬ѽǸ˵ĻҪסŶ˵ֲͷκף֤ѽԺǵģͰҴ
κͲЦκ˵⻰ʱҲûָʲôʾ˭֪κ廰һ䣬κ͵Ԩҵģã㶼ⲻǲõġ
κ˵꣬һκᣬٴǿǰɣԨ
κԼ񱻸׺ָˣҲﲻԾֻĵصȻκᣬһỤκġ
-

29

κȽ˳Ժ˵˵ЦЦ˻죬ûһߵĴѾҶС
ӣ͹ˣȥɣ˷Ը緹أҪһԷġ
κá
ñһǰһȥ
Լʳ嵭緹ҲûŪ̫໨ֻó˵㹣ࡣ
ʲôһ˾Ͷųʲô
κСʱʳŸһȥ˱߹أʳëȻˡ
ϾǵطԷаʲôܱӾУȻֻܵű
Ų뱻ء
ҶʢõĹһһذాŴŴģҲãﻹЩȥɵĹ档
޵κʳȳһ࣬òóԡ
κ룬ҨһС͵֮󣬲ŵζܺá
СʱʳëģԲţκ㲻Ҫ˵ٻ֪ʳ̫ˣûʱȥϲԵĸ㣬緹Ƚһ°ɣվϲĸֺóԵˡ
κæЦͣ͵ģҲʳֻҪܽӵģʲôԡ
κڼҳԹ˵ģȻҲһ˾Χһ𰲰س緹
ûã緹ûأѾߺȻˣ˺ͱˡ
ˡȻεĸƼ
κѾߵĴͷü֪ƼǴĹʲôġ
κڳ緹أʲô𣿡
СѾҡҡͷصشӵĻūҲ֪ʲô£û˵
޶СѾߵû£ǽɣһ緹
ǰκûظʱκΪ̫ڹӼ飬ҲûôڼңԸֻһˡ
ִӣӵ˽̵ĳ̶ȣͣԶƽƽһԷԣû˵ʱһ˳ԷȻܾЩµȴδҪкźǹһԷ
ֱƼŮö֮ס˽һԷˡ
Ƽ׽ãδʱ˹ϵõУ·ιеһжǻġ
ԳޣϵҲûϣƼģ޳Ԯ֣ǸСһһ׵ġ
вϲɡ
ʱһڸУ̫Ҫ˵˵ˡ
ɣƼγõѡ
-
СѾ˵ȥ˻ûһƼͽˡ
ƼյĴͬ˵ǾĴһȻҲˣЦýյױݺÿſ澫񡣡
Ƽȥ޵֣㣬㿴㣬Ҫ˵
޷ԸһԵĴѾҶȥ
ǣˡ
κ屾룬ɴԼҸˣͷͱκѹȥˡ
κ˶ͣȻߣٳԵ㡣
κҲԲ¡
һ
ӺܴټҲ´࣬Ҷܿ죬걸úƼҲ治Ӿ
ҪǴǹ䷹ģǾʹشˡ
κ˭һеøӦأҵŰɣ׼ˡ
ȻƼûþͶ޵㣬ɺˣҲˣκ̫ǰ;κҲڸ㣬Ҹ
ЦñЦˣζôõĹŮĽĽء
Ƽ̾ζЩ黭ʲôᣬ˲ĵģѽ͸κפر߹ء
⻰һĬĬûӻ
ƫƫƼ֪⣬Ҫѻ㣬Сʱô뿪ôð
˶֪κ뿪ߵԭ򾿾ʲô
Ϊ˵޷壬˵ĸ
ڸһ죬޾Ҫһ磬·ߣ°մĻԼá
κʱ̫ССҲ֪µˣǱ͵͵˵һЩĸ׵ĲղɫκʼɣԼпľǸǡ
ȻΪʲôҪ·Ϊʲôĸ׵Ĳһֱòˡ
ԺǸĴεĵʿҽκ޵Ĳ֮κĵһ¾ȥԼĸκ˵Ůһȥ߹أȥǱߵķ羰ǵķ羰ʲôͬǾòÿˣǡ
Ҳ֪ģ⼸궼ġ
-
ûøôӻκͷɫκȴͻȻˣ֣ʳԡ
˼򵥣ǾǣɣóԷԷԷˡ
κͲЦ˿˵ʱɫѵһ࣬Ƽסˣٶ˵һ䡣
κԭ룬ôƼȥ˭֪һ䡰ʳԡͰסˡ
úЦͦжģҪΪװǴάܰûСһ
-

30

緹ôϲεسˣڼεǹԹɵһ仰Ҳ˵
κ廹ƶأôձô
β˵κҲôǺԵĽòͣҲ֪
ֻܾһˣϵܻỺ͵㣬Ƽ
-
κ극Լ¶Ҫˡ
ҶʰɾκҲ޵ĸģȻطˡ
޵ͷȥɡ
κһߣκҲ˳κš
κߵÿ죬κں溰ãôȵҡ
ˡκͻȻվ磬𣿡
ôܡκ׷κ壬վǰЦʲôá
κʮ̫꣬ͬ꣬ɣЦⲻ֪
κ忴κᣬһһصʵҲСڰߣһ㶼ȥ棬ÿ궼ѴʱѹҲĸ׹οңòײŻǸո˵һЩʲô
ƼǸ˼װ׵ᵱκζ뿪¡
޵겡أ㲲պҩȴκɫκڸＱϻ𣬿ƫƫ޲Լ
ֻκκ壬κỹڹӼ飬޲ȴȻԼǰֻκ壬ǰǰһձһ
κʱС޲ֻſĴǰޣʲôˡ
࣬ÿݵָκͷ΢ܻȥˣ㻹ôС᲻㣬Ӳãʲôᣬ˻ᱻЦģǲڣôѽ
κЩδ˵ʱĳǸף游ĸûһ档
Ծѹ޷˽ȥ壬Ҳ˼ֻĸ˵̲סҪޡ
ĸ׻ȥĸ׽ģʲôС
ԸʵˣĸװãȴҪӴԶĸ׵ߡ
ЩҥﲢԶߵҪԭҪԭԼϡ
ϣ˵ԼˣǱֻԼںˡ
˽ԴĸֻҪĸײţη壬ĳһ죬ĸȴͻȻĸס
κﴫЦ𣬶ĸ׿ģκֻȻ뿪
ùƧ˭ҲȥĸĴɴŸκһ֮
ʱľ뿪ʱ˼飬Ѿ֪Լˣڲֲԣƻƽ
ƼδûùǰɲģֺǵǸĽǧЩƮƮݣκȻС
-
վţκ˶ٲŵãԲ𡣡
κ˵ԲΪһֱҪߵĵ죬ûȥӼ࣬ڸУôһġ
κЦһ£磬Բҵ˲㣬ܺãõĸ簡
˵꣬Ǳ߿ۣԲҵˣǡ
ƼͱΡ
סűκٹ⣬ˮһѹʹˡ
ӹʵ̹κһظκˮھȲӽϳȥ
ξˣҪˣƼҪǽκκκһµĿ˶ѡ
ֻҪ˲Ը⣬óʰˡ
Ƽã˵ļӣ˴ӼϳȥֱδţδҪƤ񵽿ȵǹĳǽ
Ƽ˵ޣκ嶮޴ҲͿôˡ
ĸ
Цˣκ嶼»һεˣŲſĸֻű˵
е鶼ô˳ȻƼõһΡ
˵˶ãǸĴεĵʿҲٴγС
κʲô
κĸݸϷţҵİɡ
κͷֻҪǸɻ£ʲôҶ֧֡
κ塰͡ЦȻˣ˵ˣʱҪæʱȥˡ
-
κԴӻظ֮ˣκᣬκҲڸС
Ҳһκ緹Ҫκʵͦȥģֻڻδ󣬲ܵܣοû٣Ҳͽȥġ
κߵſʱκɻʵãʲô
κһЦЩ˼صиҪæ
κһӣ˵ɣʲô¡
κҶĹĵ£Ҫһ
ţκ⻰šüκ壬ŻûãôúõĻᵽأ
κգգۣӸɻЦŵ۵̫ӣô˶ء
⻰̫Ȼ̫ӣȴɣ˶Щϣ̫ӺãЩ˰Ͳ̫ӷ˶װļ⣬һ̣˭Ҳ
κģκǴС̫ӣκֻܰϣκϣϾһ𳤴С飬˵Σκ壬κĻȻأҲ档
κκĻ㶼ҪЦˣûصãͲ˰۵£ҿ簡ôûѽҲһѽ
κЦⲻǸʲôʱҸɩӻ
κһ㶣ȻæֵססȱˣҲߣôҲˣ˵ˣڲһûǸ˼أǡ
һκ壬ŵˣ˵ˡ
˵껰κһͣתߡ
κں溰һ䣺磬סҸո˵Ļѽ
֪ˡκѾˣֻһ䲻᲻ĻʾûԶ
κߺκ峤̾˿˼ڶŮ鳤棬ϼҵ²ǿ˸ľͷ׮ӡ
һ׮õԵٶȵҲ޷ǸܺõĹҲܲԺɩɩµĻκҲܽܡ
Ȼ϶ҪκԼ˼κȻȨ
-

31

κᵽ̫Ӹʱ䡣
κСʱҲżʦѧһģʺ̫Ӱʦˡ
ãº͵ش֦⣬ڵ°߲߰Ĺ㣬δһɫǳĳ΢΢߳Щϸܵĺ飬Ҳ֪˶磬˶೤ʱ䡣
αͳĺÿϳڼ䣬һٷϣϽĺܣɵʱ
κŵС˴ȥģսԺӣξֱһзܰƤǣκᷴӦҲһſܹһ
ǴŵСˣֱӾˡ
κְС˴ӵˣȥŰɡ
СæӦ˳ȥ
˽һѰѳκᣬȻӻһ˲֣ЦӦͦѽ
κסһԣι˹֣¼Цˡ
ÿһ̫ӸֻҪнκܱܲ˵Ҫϼ
ȻһҲûУκۡ
ҪΪĺ̫ӹУ˭ʤ˭һء
̫Ǵκ᲻
-
κһֱ̫ߣİĻ׳ơӰ
˶κǿκĹѫŻ̫ӰôõĲ¡
ʵϣ޶֪ԼĶ̫߻һݡ
̫ӽ󣬴֮λ˻κңκҪľǴںڰһĻ֮ˡ
»ʺյκεİʱҲǾ˼ǵģκģ׼ȷ˵ҵ»ʺĸף׼Ѳˣ»ʺȻýֹ
Σκ̫ͬ꣬˽д
»ʺʦѵκΣһͬ˿ģȻҲãչб̫ӵֲմȾЩɾĶôЩ¾κȥ
иĸŮ޸ϧκκˣҪ֪Լ˵ȥ飬ʵڸɲ
κѡؼңֱ̫Ӹ̫ҽΣ΢һ㣬ھ̫ʱ򣬾ͻؽĸס
κŸȥ˹⣬ܻܲĸ۰ɡ
ĿǰΪֹ»ʺ̫Σû֪κһݣκ֪Ҳ֪κĵġ
κ룬Ǹ֪ˣҲͬģΪκұΪػ
κСʱκ˵һ仰
-
Ů˲ˮνӹˮκ費Ҫ
κֱӴнӹˮһ
СŮһԴʵ£ڳ࣬ڳ𣿡
һʱû
СŮֵūȥ˹
θæֹ˵ˣ£Ҳԡ
СŮЩԥµصǡǣʺﶣū澣һҪŵ³߰
εãͬĸ˵˾С
⡭СŮǲߡ
ʱκȻʵ»ûţ
ɨһۣΣ
κæֵûУûУЩĵ£̫Ӹ׷Һ棬ҶĹĵ¡
ξúЦҲȷʵЦ˳ʵʵÿɻ˵ЩĻ
κҡͷûС
ʵеģֻǺһ仰κʡˡ
Ԩãͦ󡣡εκ壬κӣһ㶼
˵仰ʱѾЦҲ飬κʱ²͸˼ѲΪԼո˵Ļ
񡭡Ҳû˵ʲôѽ
κᷴ˼Լǲ˵˵ʱֽŵˣȥԵɣȻĸҪ߶ͣ
εĻ£һŮ֮ĸ߶
Сöľϡ
κȻ˭κᣬʺ
»ʺЦ񡣡
߹λһĸ󡣡
»ʺɱ̫ĸ߶ˣĸչٲ˵ʲôˡ
ҡͷĸǰҲô˵ġ
ġ»ʺ
ðɣšЦЦ
κû׻ʺ̫˵ʲôվΣ׼취뿪һµʱ򣬱»ʺֹˡ
»ʺǷԸŮȥ˳ȻκһԣЦ˵ûسˣ꣬Ҳûܽʶѣʮ˰ɣӦûٵɾﵹмʵѡпգҲ
⡭κܾĻû˵ڡ
ǱֱӿںԨϲǻûԷͬһȥš

̫ӺκһС
СŮѾʢˣ׼˳ȥǡξͽˡ
ͷǶɡε
ŮҲģֱʢ룬κҲ˶ӡ
ϧκѾڼг˷ġ
οʢõ㳢һɣ治Ǳʳĸĳգʵڲҹά
ƫԸʵˡ
κ£Ѿˣ
ֱӰӵݸκᡣ
κֻܴ
ֻһڣӲͷƤȥģκεԭʺĳôôر𡣡
ֱӵ治ǱԼ˵ôʵȥ
ֱó𣿡
ε԰ĸһԶš
ǻ˰ɡ
κĵͬһСɣ¡
-
࣬λûԡ
СŮһԵţκ˸취֧ȥˣȻͺֱ̫Ӱһȫˡ
»ʺҲ鿴ġ
κŸ̾ԭԷɣ̫˰ɣ
Ҫ֪ˣҪۺü졣
˳ȥǰζκĸںҲͦµģùҲͦõģ˵ʲôɾ֮£ǧñš
κ֪ˡ
εڿЦ
κῴһۣ֪ģ¡
ؼǣ»ʺ˵ɾ̫ӵĻκܻᶯ˼˵Ļеѡ
κ˭Լκһİһֱ̫ϡ
-

32

˵ҪκӣԼҸ棬κ屾Ҳû棬˭֪»治ǿЦģ˵
һ΢Ĵգ°͵κϣ˵ϼҵӡ
κһ壬ԾŮҵֱʡ
²ʶ֣κ壺дʲôѽ
κӣ£մڽƲƣ
˼һ£ŵðɣ𣿡
κ峯գգۣ벻һȥ棿
Գȥ𣿡Щԥﲢɣǰڱ߹صʱȥĶȥĶû˵
κ˻еӣԡ
ҰҲ϶Ҳȥµ
-
ºƽʹߵıȽϽʱȥﴺɻ
ʵҲûʲôǰæϴѡ
ϴκƼѡ
ʵרŸϴµˣҲ֪Ǿûϴɾ鲻ãڵѴ֮µ·ȫôһȫˡ
ǰ𲢲Щģ𶼲֪ԼΡ
ֲȥʣֻͷˡ
յѻǱȽᱡģ̫ϴ죬ϴﻹǺܲġ
ǰΣҲֻǼ򵥵źˣ˲赹ˮΪòиɨǣȻɣҲɡ
ͬΪūͣҲŵȣµĻȻƲЩɴֻġ
ԼЩ£̫ˣǰƲϵѾǣ͵͵ڱЦ
⸮ˣʱõĻЩ壬Ҳ֪˭
˿ڰ·ƣǸڸǧߵĴѾƽջϴѣǹˡ
ºǴСŹһ𳤴ģʱ򿴼˻͹ֵģҲǡ
ڹδظ֮ǰһֱΪδºͣϾ˻ЩĸԣҲȥЩֻˣٿκ壬־ʵӲǺãӲǹȥ
˴ӶõıʵҲˣڸĿˡ
κ岻һ봺δԼѾҲδͷԼѾߡ
˼Ӹºסء
ǰӲõĻҲǱﴫȥģͲô£ظû죬ֳ˽ϵۣҲǱ˵ġ
Ա߿أʵǱ¶
-
·ͷڷʵ¶ʲô
˲Ƶĵûûء
㻹ʱ䷢
Ƴ߹Աһף벻ͨ벻ͨôúõЩ¶
㶣͵͵ǱԸġ
ƶڵϣ°ͣ㷸˱ˣ
ûС
ƵԲԲģź˲׽֮⡣
סͬһԺӣӲͬºǵֳһģͲһˣСѾ߼һӣ֮ǰΪźǶõĲ°СѾǶĽĲС
ԼҲԺԾСѾǱ־룬ҲǣԣˣСѾǶڿЦҲûԸ
мѾߣ⼸һֱڵźţ뷽跨ȡ
ֻºԲ࣬ʵôûԹ࣬ԵĿ๻ˣΪźΣӱ㲻ôĿˣվΪūΪ澣ûҲǴ
жͣһߺһûһ졣
ƿŴϻź죬ǰղ֪Ūˣ°ҹˮۡ
Ȼʵô°
ʶֲ̧˲ȻϻϢ̫ˣСײһ¡
ƵǸڶ˵ưôôСİ
СΪСĲŻײѽ
۰ɣ´ǧҪСİ
Сĵġ
˳Ĭһ̾е㷳ȥߡ
΢΢ЦЦ˵´С͸Źڱ߹һ
Ƶͷǵѽ
ʲôӵأ
ܻ䣬ܿհסƵּһ䣬Ҳɣ⸮ͷضࡣ
ơ
˵⻰Ҳˡ
ͷȥվɹõǰ档
վߵǰʵôˣ
µҪ֪ڸҲסⲻͷԸˣȥ档
˲俪ҵ찡Ҫȥˣһûأߡ
ȱ˵̫ˣϹӣȥϸġ
ƵУȥѽ
Ȼ˳˸кˡ
ԶȥıӰҲ֪Щʲô֮ǰĵͷҪɵĻ
-

33

̫֥ĸۡǳϷ뽫ҲԶͬһ֣·ҲһӾ͵ˡ
ϸׯϣţߣſڻֺʯʨլ
ʵǵĴ˼һͦģκССİǣǹŻԹ˼ңſڼʯʨ
ҲǱȽһЩϵĺܡ
κޱǲͬģκµӸ˿ڡ
˵˿ڣЩģκκʱֲڸУ޸ɴֱӷԸ˸еļλǿ׳Ļһ·κ塣
κʵھܾˣֻ֮֮Լʲô£Ȼ֪޵ʲô
κŻð·죬꣬ڹˣȻǹزסģȥ͸͸Ҳ⣬һ˴Ѿ߳Ȼеġ
-
ºͺѾˣκ徹ȻˣϲԽ
ֻǿΧΧĸǿ׳Ļסˣ²¶İɡ
ºѾκ棬»ãвסһ·ʱ˳⿴
ͣʱ⿴һۣκǺˡ
±ȴȻκκ屾Լֱģһ¹ؾصվǰ濴סˣԹԵİֵݸ¡
ȻҲע⵽κСЦЦ
κͷ
߹ȥҪκ֣κԱ߶һ£̫ϰ׽
ǰ˵ģЩ˶Щɻ䣬ƽٶΨһʶԸ׽ֻԼˣԼߵѾߺͶ̫Ρ
²һκһԸͬѵˣԣӦĵһ
Ǹ죬Ҳֱκһ£ûȥֻǻ̫졣
Ϥ˾ͺˡ
-
һ˸κԸļţȴȥЪЪȵˮɡ
һظκκֻõȥɡ
׼⼸ŸС˽˸
̫ƽʢȻҪôˣο϶ѲߵʿǵΰǺܺõģԼҲš
¿Ǽǿ׳ĻıӰƵȻǽĻаȫЩ
κһ£ǻʲô
µҵĻһǼҵǼһݲһ϶򲻹Ҹ磬Ҳ֪ҵôˣƵġ
㻹и磿κΪϼҾһŮء
԰㲻Ҳии簡ЦſκЦ
κǵûУֻǾãиĻͦõġ
ˣСԹ㲻֪Ҹ磬۸ңҵҲܹҿҪˡ
˱߱ģκίˣһվߵĲ𣿡
룬ǵҲǡ
ȻκһԣСʵҾͲҸöˡ
κεû㿪һŵ£ǲϲҸѽ
˵ֱףһ£ȻͻȻ죬ûа˵ңôܣ
κǻˣôܿڵ˼һμ棬¾͹Ĩǵκ֮ˣȻ棬ҲûĿ˴κһЩ¡
вĽˣȻҲм˷İκµҸĿǰûⷽĴ㣬ڸ̫ߣһҲֻų͢¶
⻰ͱЩ䣬κŵǾ˵ģҲҲ㲻һġ
˵ҿû뷨
κЦǺðɣ˰ɡ
ʱź˵㣬ֺκ϶ˡ
κǲѾΪ𣿡
˲ʲôڲڵˣֱӹЦ
»ǳˣȷʵϲκġ
ȻκͶµҸ̫ߣ˶ǿҸ׵Ĺѫô˻ᣬʵȴûʲô£ôأ
µѣһˡ
κЦ¼һ䣺Ҫǳ⡣
⡭
е㲻̫ðɡ
κ̾˿СòȡǲԵģ£뷨Σա
գգۣǳúÿʲôǶԵѽ
κ廹ٷһµģȴŵο֪ΪˣϲһˣǲҪɵģ࣬ŻʵҪϲ㹻á
κ룬Ѿûˡ
-
һκսʬ޴棬ǸʱŶʮ갡ôᣬûг׾ˡ
ȻԼһΣһЩȻصޡ
̫ӲĻλһҪȣӣҲø֮乬˰ɡ
κ岻κȴԣѾκᣬעһ̫ߵˣǳʱڣҪСĵ㰡
-

34

κεǸҪȥһгģоˣɸлλϷˣȥһȻٲ˵ġ
ǰڹмµĸףΪЩ룬Ҳδϸȥ
浽ļϷˣŷ֣ºĸ׳ΪƣǸӡ
ֺƯüۼŮҵĽӣʵͬκЩ񣬶ʵ۶϶˵£˭˵Ҳá
Ϸ˵꣬Ҫ࣬ʮõɫȻ𪣬һҲϡ
˫ü޳Żǲ䣬˭Ҳ벻꺢ӵĸס
֪κҹҪԼҸϣϷҲÿͣرԸСﱸóʳǲ֪κҹϲʲôζ죬ԾͷԸĵÿһ
κϸ֮ǰţֵֵߣ߻һ䣬һƬƲʵģڿɺãһӺóԵĵǰΣⲻɰˡ
չǲֳϣǰҲûͣԣϷʱʮ־н
Ϸѯκ壺иĸΣ
κɵش𣺡һжá
ǸסģԼΪЩκԼҲԼĸ״ģǱ˷Ӱκˡ
ߵſʱִææܻȥǰκǰһƬ˳
Ϸûüס£ûӰˣֻúԵѾߵ⺢ӣĸʲô
ѾȻҲ֪Բδ˵
ϷֵϲЩôӶˣ
Ѿŵøκҹġ
ҿκҹҲϲЩԸô࣬ˣϻġϷҡͷʵڸ㲻ЩЩʲô
һת־ͰжŵƬݸκ塣
κ˳ֽӹЩɻǡ
֮ǰҰԸ˺ЩԵģǲϲЩոռֻŹƱҲϲԸոܻȥһƬⶼóˣ㿴
ȿȡκ˵ʱѾƬͣ˵ĻǺסˡ
ϲֻΪƬϲԣڱ˼Ҳ˼쵽ǰȥóԵѽ
κֻõðɣллˡ
µлҪǲ֪ϲʲôϣɡ
ͦõġκ
ʵҲԲô࣬㽫еƬ⾡ָºѾͷ
-
κϸһֱδʱŻصĽڼϸһӡ
κ·ĺܣǰڹǶʱ䣬ĵģҲûʲôǲģֲܳߵʿǴһܣֻԼ˸Ӻ档
ڼܵĽƶ࣬ʱ䶼˴黭ϣСᣬҲûһӵˡ
ҵκ壬ɲ߸ûûˣߡ
Ҫ¼ųʱǧҪκЩظĻĻᱻ¸
ߵʱǵſڣȴڸճʱظᰲ
硣µ
ᰲͷӦһһκ壬µǡ
ͬ˵ѽκҹ½ѡ
κãʵ
κ岢ʶᰲ죬ᰲδμӣһҲԲ֪Ǹʲô֣Ҳ̫֮ûʲôӰġ
ᰲʶκᣬҲʲôϡ£̫ϴڳ٣ĶӶҲٵ·ӣ˵ᰲκԺͬţҲЧҵ˲ͬԺжҲ˵׼Щ£Ŀǰκûʲôϵ
ϸ룬ҵжԵĿʵǱȽСģϼౣı߶վʲôӰ죬ϲκᣬеϵҲֵ
κЩ֮󣬱㿪ڵ󸮣ʵ߶Щ±Ҫȥˣл󸮵ʢ
󣬴󷽷صʲô߶Ų߶ŵģģ߶ţοҲܿģ´벻Ҫܾ
κԣЦŵ˵ͷ
±Ǽǿ׳Ļ粽ظΧ
ĿκԶعͷᰲվſڣ㿪ڵ㿴κҵĻٿҼҵĻţô˰
ᰲЦҪü޽κңҲĻ粽ػˡ
ǿЦĻ˭ֱ֪ӵͷĻ˵ĺЩҲд⡣
Ȼᰲκҹô
ʲôô
Ҳ֪˵ֻͦϲκദκòã
ᰲ󣬱߱µͷã㵱ǻʶأֻ˼һֱۣܷ˼ҺòãҿûǱ£ѵ˵һ˺ãԸͬãκҹﶨǸֵĹɡ
-

35

κظ֮컹磬ȥ˻ᣬû뵽κҲڡ
ˣҲȥҲûʲôʵȨˣżҲϳȥĲ࣬ԶҪôٸȥ
ҲҺ⼸̫ƽǰҵκҲʵòŲ̫ģֻΩԸεıɼҵĶǸˡ
κʱκòڣ޺˵һɴֱκ
һκͷղ̫ԣκϣɫЩء
ףǣû˵κֻȿڡ
šκ
κԱһһɻؿԼס
ߵĴѾͷҶκ˱ˮͱ򷢳ȥˣºҲŽ˳ҶȥҲȥˡ
Ƕºκſʵ˵ȥϼҡ
šκͷ֪ѽôˣ
κԺܣ㶼켰ˣܲá
κ忴κûнӻ
κ̫Щ£ʱҲŴӦ˵ģ֣ûһϹѽο֮ǰκ˵Ȼظ֮󣬾κúùǡ
Ŷðôˣ
ǰɡ
ʲô飬κף㵽ʲôֱ˵ɣܽܡ
һ˵κǲ˼ˣֻ̫ϴ˼ҵĶӣǸ竣ƷҲãͬϼҹｻãǧҪעϼλӣ⻵
ŵ㸸˵Ķԡ
κ뵽ϸʱǼϼҹһģͦصģЩӵܣӿʣϷǵݼ汸Ӷ߳󣬲һӳˣһӾͳˡ
׻ûãǴŵģ˵Ҳ˽ִ֪ƷԲá
κǸˣκС̵ȻҲ׸׵ӣֻΪ˸ĸһ¹ԼĺӣǾס
κҲǰЩӹ磬̫ϴͬҽΪ׼ң˵˵Ҳûͬ⣬ұϾʱ̣ҪҸ˼ңⷽȻĸ
Ȼ󣿡
֥ͬһ볯Ϊٵˣ䲻Ǻ죬ϼѵõңԣ֥˵ӵʱұǴ˻ͬĸϸǸˣҽҲ޲ɣֻǡ
κ˶٣ǵֻǺ̫ӹˣ˵ϴ˼ҵĶǸ竣ʺ㣬˵ֵüõˡ
̫ӵ£ôͬ˵κüʡ
κҡͷ֪ʱҲԱߣظҲûԭûϵģɵ֪ճȥϼңҪ㡣
õĸףŮ֪ˡκ
-
κһֱڲŻصĵĽҲڸԵģ̫ӸԹ˲Żġ
˯ʱźκ˯ƺȻܽȱ˯лҪ
µǣ粻˵˵ǵõŹҪ˯˵
ⲻҲǲ֪
κ廹û˯ţӴû£һû˯أ˵ɡ
Ƶ֪𱻱ȥɴֻ°ɣ
ţôˣ
ҺЩʹߵĽҲʱȥŴɻҲûʲôȻͬҽǱͬĸҪʹˡ
ưѴ˵Ļһһظκκɫ𽥱
˵һţȷ˵ģ
ƵǲԹʹʲô뷨
κʲô뷨
˵գη˺ܴĻ𣬴ıӾ챻δŲײϵģҲУֻϡ˵ʲô˭ߣҪ˭ӽϳȥ˭ΪʲôҪ
˵ټˡ
Ȳ۴˵ǲģκҲЩ˼˵ˣػһŲЩеûģֻʤΪ
ƼδǸƲ磬Ҳֻ޹ƼǽãԶ
κոһЩӰɣֻ˵Ҹģúð£Ӳ̫ѹġ
Ƶ˵ͷ
һԵⴺźôãȻͬ˵ЩĻ𡣡
κЦЦǽˣзִġ
ǼٵģκҲҸɰƼδӸŪȥֻʱѣһϷˡ
һαǵˣܲܵڶλɵаɣ񲻰׷»һء
లµĹȥ𣬷ǵռȵ̰ᡣ
-
κԼѣʵҪʲô
κƣһ£ȥѴӽй˵м
á
һߣκµ£֪ΪʲôôС͸Ҹȥ˱߹𣿡
ҡҡͷ
Ϊѽ꣬ĸز˽ԱߣûԸӽңΪҸǴκԺҾʹӼȻȥ߹ص·ϣ
һ򣬵֮ū澺ƣ
κӵϷʲôȲԭǾþҾˣǡ
µﾻЦأū澵ˣȻūͲ֪ȥ
˵ū澺ƣùǣ˵һֱڹ߾Ըˡ
-
㿴Ҳ˶ôĲ֪ƼΣֻ˵̰Ĳ㣬֪ô
κ룬ôԼҲǸǻģǷҪǼȥǾͷǳ˼ˣǻʲô֣˭֪ء
СңҲû˹ĹԸԸѽ
-

36

ƺܿͰκ˷ԷκѾ׺
ã˵мңʲô𣿡κһӱ㿪ʵ
κ忴һ£ȥŰɣҺ͸ЩҪ
µͷӦˣƴ˳ȥھֻκκ
κȻδҪϢϵ·룬ŵҲδȡ
κһ˵ȥߵѾͷҲ֪ʲôεҪͬκὲߵѾ߶ǲˡ
κɻڰúܣƵƹ˸û˵ڵκ忪ڡ
ĬһκȻڣЩСֻ֣һ硣
κῴĿڵȻس죬ţ˵ء
κǰͬ˵һϷ׼
κƴһЦˬʵ˵˵Ҫôݡ

ڵС⣬ĻһҲ壬ȻҲûҪȥǽǡ
ŲԣС£ŹպЩԾǰ˵ʲôǳȥġ
µƣӣĵžǣ붫ģúźžС
ҵȻ֪ƵǵǹģȻģǵĹ˴˵һв
¿һƣǰùڽǸǧĽŮ¸Žȥ˱߹أҲЩ࣬ЩҲҪЩҪĿ࣬˵ĵشлᶨҪسҲռ˹⣬ͬһꡣ
Ǻð춼ȱ߹ǵط࿪ý޵ʻſﶼƢ𣬿ƣûз֣ʵòôġ
ƳĬһŵͷЩԸջǻʼġ
ʱջؼңԸﻹЩİִͬȻһ˯˼죬Ҳ֪ԭһǴ֮󣬹Ӿ࣬ʵϸŷＸЦеļЦҲǳǳģһ
ϸͬϹĵͦ˵ģϧظ֮ЩĿıʹȥ
ºȻƣƣ㻹ǵ𣿡
һȻͷ״ƺһ£һ̧ͷǵˣⶼǰˣѲ㻹ǵģ
ҡͷҲǵˡ
һʣ𣬿ջûʳΪǱģﶼѾҪˣʲôأͽ˸аˡ
ɹﲻһǽǧŹ㣬ҲΪˣǵ˲ݣǱĸףҲ֪Źﲻڵʱʲô˵¡
֪Լûʸȥ۹ԼǸûеҪĺӣﲻǰܾ谮ݰ裬Ҳʱнݵʱ˭˵һ䲻أֻΪһеĻԭһоͱ˸ˣ˵жѹ
ܶҲԼҹԱų⣬Լظ֮ӵټϸոͬ˵һܲȻģ
ʵЩİɡ
-
Ҳ֪˶ãֻһֺ֮ܳʱȥˣЩϴ˯
Ƿˣ֪ôÿ춼ôҪ˯߹ȥƵļСҪȻȥϢţҲûʲô¶һæĹ
˯ʣܸо۾۾𣿡
ߣû£ﲻ˵ġ
ǡˣҺ۾̵ˡ
ûһŴˣκˣ»⣬һ¡
ͬ˵껰ˣ
κţ˵ˣȥɡ
κԶŽݣ˳ŹغãѾ˺ʱϢˡ
-

37

ļܿ͹ȥˣЮһȻ
κЩӹؾأʵʵشڷԷͷ廨廨˯˯ÿȥ밲һԶ緹ʱһҲ̤
ȥҪһȣһϡϡЩ̵ҶֱľҶ仹м껹δȫŵĵۻ
ǽ꿪ĵһްЩºѾͷҲϲǰڱ߹ȻĻ󣬺ÿǺÿ߹ǵض
Ϊκÿ峿ҪȥȻҲܸһȥ۸һκ岻ȥˣǻҪżأǻ˿ȥ
Ҳһعκ壬κӲշת˯˯˰ɣҲû˯ã¾͹ɴˡ
Ҫˡµ
κҲûűӷ˸
¶ƵȥˮɣһҪá
κǰڸҲûҪֻϰʹȻϲʱˡ
ѵһˣҲߣֻһԺš
ûãκ廹ǴӴҪ²ߣܶ˯ᣬѾˣ˯˯ˡ
ѾˮκԺϴһָýҪѡ
ˣǱǰЩҪᱡ࣬޸õģϺõӣرʣƽﲻôĻҲͲԵȡ
ͬģҲ⸮УκƼ˶˽ˣһźˣҲʮָմˮκѣȻҲٲΡ
ƽˣҲֻԼԺͷҲ֪κ岻ϲǣҲͲˣȻҲǲκġ
ԭĻεİõذռĸޡĳ谮Ƽ޵ã޴ǿɴˡ
κ󣬼ÿնȥޣԼŮˣ޵Ȼȫ˼ԼŮϣˣǿʼЩ䡣
Ȼ䣬ҲûԼĸоС˼Уһ仰һɫҭƲþá
κǽĵŮһҵݣĹȥܾţ㲻ͺˣû˺⸮Ϊ
ﶼκ㣬ƾʲôԭҪһض
-
κϴȥ˳󣬽ȥЩ˵˻Ự׼طԷ
ȣºѾͷҪƵǱ߳Եļɽȥм֧ŵϡż¶飬Ҷ˶Ҷ·
ɸǱˮܽʡ
Ǻÿ
סѾͷԼκǵԸԼȥɣǣ˾ͻСıˮȥˡ
ѾͷæͷµǹЪЪҺȥȥͻأᵢ̫õģҪԭҲµĻ
κȥɣȥɡ
ǰģʵҲֹÿĶϲ
º֮κһڳ£ؿƽˮ档
ȻˮϿһر뿴Ӱ
ûСá
ǰδŸɴֻȥˣ֪ôģֻźͬκ彲Ҳ
ֻβֹһź򣬻һˣκһҲѾź
˶࣬һҲʲô£ֻⴺ𣬱Ĭ٣Ҳλϲŭӡ
Ц˭Ըɴֻѽ۵ð͡
ֻǱϾҲǹﲻ죬źˣҲá
κ̧ۿȥȿĴһۣȻٿΣˣ
ٲϲκ壬Ҳһͱ޼ӣصãû뵽㣬ҽչԭȥĸģЩҰһֱҴ廨ûʱȻҶҪȥԺ￴㡣
һ˵޵˼κܹ˵ҲͬôЩΥĵĻ
޷ĺܣϲϲϲǲϲΣŲϲˣЦóһܵģǰ˺ס
κҰͷҪȥ͸Ͻȥɡ
˵껰תȥǵӰ
ѾƵɽԱȥˣƳκ˻֣ҪҪҲĺƯ
κݸһЦصСĵ㣬·ԵˮȥˣҿɲӾȥˣҿɾȲǡ
μκֻźѾ˵û˼Щǰһ͵ӣǱҲֻﲻ
źѾӸ߸ߵģģȴô£ҲǳֻǺƽһ࣬ȺоҲ˵͡
˿֪ܲκȴ׵ĺܣǰһһֱģʵҪǿĺܣôһҪòվķͷοǸź˵Ѿߣ֪ˣ򷢹һΣģãҲʲô¶
ԱĴȻεΡ
˿Ƽɫ죬æʵﲻ
εûС
κԣĿһΣʲôҲû˵ƿߣȻµ£ƴҪȥˡ
աӦ
Ȼκ岻ԸΣҲȥûȤתߣȴתʱ򣬲֪ûȰһ£Ǳʲôԭֱ㶵ظˮͷˡ

еòңˮĽ
κһӦǣˣ˵ˡ
Ͻˮˡ
βӾˮﲻͣǺ˺üˮһĻ
վ˼ˣһӾ˶ûС
º˲֪ܹ˭Ҳ֪ᷢ£ææصô찡˵ġ
κϽȥˡ
ȻκҲܿˣûһ֪Ķ˸ӹѹˮסˮΪＫ£ò׼
κ㿴ӣסȻֻķݶˡ
߶С˳ޣҶһ۾Ƽһŵˡ
ܿ죬°ǰԺĻ˹ЩӾܿͰˡ
Ϊ죬ᱡˮʪ͸֮Щѿ޸ϽԸҶȥһѳһڡ
ЩƽնܹѵκѡģԸ涼û⣬˾ҲŲȥΣ̫ʧ
αϽ˹ȥ޵㡭𡣡
˵һЩϻˮǺ˼ˮﻹкõġ
¼ȥˣ˿۵Ҷܿͽ޵˹ϸϡ
ķף˶ڶ£Ҳп˾ţͶ˶κΪʲôҪ˵ûȥһˮ
Ȼۼκ޺޵ضҲ漴ӿ˳Щǻ㡭֪һֱϲңҲһֱűߣգҪҵɡ
衭
˶أԼû
ֺڻſڼκҲ׼Цˣһ˹ӣ֪Ͳú㣬ˡ
-

38

ⲻ׵ĻҲֱӵƨ
⻰һ˵ڳ˶һ㶣κһ˼ؿ£⣬⻹
˵ô뺷
ûݵ룬ߵﾹµĻ棬˵ʲô㡭û֤㲻Ҫ˵
ۡʮֲʱ˵ĳʵûסЦ
Ȼǣڵɪɪһ۵˻ȥ
²Ųô࣬κ嵲󣬵ոǱԼûվȣԵˮȥˣƽ޹ʵĹֵ˹һŶ쾻˵Щ۵Ϲ
˵Ϊһˣǲͬ˵ģƽ¿Ҳʵʵü˳Ŀģ˭֪ԴҩƵģ˾Ϳ磬ֻһκ嶼ˡ
Ȼʱ̫ǿ˲̫ãһĳһԵ滨꣬ˡ
ؼǣ޻ڱϡ
ǼκìܵģˮֵκϣãԼûüһ£ߵѾͷʼͱˡ
Ѿ߶˲Ȼû̺á
κǾ¸ңһΪȻû˵ֻǣĿǰ⣬ʵЩ˵
˵Ҳ˺λڵϷŶСҰףﲻȥ£˵˭˵ϹոȥժȥˣȻûҹﶯƱˮǸԶҲҹɡ
㡭Ҳŭˣ˵ʲôǹҪвУǹĻмͱ˵²¶࣬˭֪ﰲʲô˼
µԣſڱտھǹĲǣҪ
˵κЦһСãԼ˵ɣ㣿ˮɵúúõ˵ҼңǡǱһЩ
ʱȻһ仰˵ֻǿ޿¶ˣκĺ޲ȥһ٣ģûԹôưͿ
ﻹ˵κ졣
ȻΣߵǰȥӣӣã£СʱҲһΣڳˣôͲܻˡ
ӵؿκ壬֪Ҳū澶㶯ˡ
κ忴һۣ㿴ˣ˵˵Ҷֻ֣ˮֺαٷ˼Ū㵱ء
ʱںԴ˵ǹǲû֡
ͷΨΨŵŵģСū澣ūû
ƣ
£
ˣָˡ
ʱοʼҵĿԭǺˮ˺üˮκȹϣֿʼˣΪװģƵҲװġ
Ѿֲ֣ͷҲá
κýοȵæ˿˳һֳҵĲˡ
Ͻεı˳ƽ
-
һţҶҲһԿϷٳȥҲοϻɵ㶵վżأЦˣ˻ûߡ
ҶǼìܵ£ܿͺͺˣȥ֮¶ҪɾҪһ죬һģҲôڽˡ
Ҳ¶æҶ˵ǣ˴ǲȻ⴫ġ
֮Ҷԣ޶ȰѱȥﻹѾڣһ׸ɾѸϣˮˣô죬ȥ
ҲҵηβһŲҰ׵Сޣصĸ
⿴ʵ̫ˣֻõѾ߷ȥѻˣʣµĸ
ۿ¶Ҫ߸ˣο϶Ⱑ֪һֱϲңҽ߾ˣΡε£ĸǧҪ㣬ϾҲǲСĲһ£ǡԼûվȣֱġ
⻰κʱͷ˵ģˣСʱǴΣ޸ѵˣ񳤴ˣô˵棬ỹҪҪظһΰɡ
ţҪ
ޣ
һ߰Σһ߶κ
κ廹ôأȻ޵Ļ̵Ųȥˡ
޵͸˵ǽ㣬Ӧúദʲô£Ѿ߶Ӳ
κҵѾ߹Ȼдһᷣǣɰôʱã˵Ļһ滰ֺһ£ˮˣҷ˼ãһңҲûҲ
κҲĺܣޱҲûʲôôһ˵ְ¸ˣֻõҲû£˾ţõǸҲʲô
κûΪʲôҪǸ
ֵԽԽã˶֪ί˭µ̨ţѪŨˮıãû¾ͺã»СС»ˣκǾ÷Լûһ˰ˣܲϴ
ƫƫʱκκֶڸûȰöκ壬ۿžҪȥʱ򡭡
Ƽˡ
-

39

ƼȻʲô£Ҳ֪ģʲôġ
һƼˣֿʼ滨꣬Ҽ
ҶһȰū澵Ļȥʪ͸˵ѻ˺ǻģʱǱԼ갡
һˮܵľѾȥˣҲɫҲԻ˵Ѫɫ
ǲҶֻܿ޿ǶлһеĶҪˡ
ȻκȻǲ۵ģ۵Ƽ
Ƽæȥһ§סԼŮ۵ҿŮְˣ˭Ūġ
κ壺
ô£ͻȻ쬵ġ
һԵոձˮˡ
ˮƼʱôŹģúõôˮôˣܲԼû·ֱˮ˰ɡ
Сɲ
һڣѵס졣
ΪκѾߣǴûһ㸮ѾСǣо֣ĸѾ߻СҪʲô£аţֻºͬκͬ
ĸҪѾͷκľǣߣҲߣֻԸκ߸ź
ǴСκ峤󣬻ظ֮һֱºѾͷֻκһֱͬ⣬Ϊ̫ˣĸŮ࣬ܲΪ޹ؽҪѾͷػĸŮɡ
ѾͷС뺷֮أӸֻŻ˽Ҫع棬ƽװ˳Ƿˣһź˵Ѿͷ̫Щֻû̺ãȥǻ˽
ǰ˵ˣǴŹ㣬Сѭ˽̵ĳ̶ȣԼҸϵѾ߶ôȻ޹⣬οѾͷźκģֹ޹⣬κҪ
޵һѵĻеţϽκ£ֻǻţ£Լ˵æ
κ嵹һ仰û˵Ƽˣ޴ʻ˳ƼĻߡ
Ƽûչ˺ãһͬ⣬Сؿһκ壬ǡǹѱƵˮȥġ
Ƽһ۵ӳκɹȥһĺƿ׶ԸװˣֱӵζʲôˣΪ֪ˮˮҪ
ĸ֪㼵ζŶգƽ⣬ϲЩҲƾվģ㲻֪˶ٿࡣ
Ƽ˵˵ţۿʼˡ
ĸŮ͵ᡣ
κһЦҼޱƽ⣿ϲŶգ̾˿κŵĸҼסţﵱԼˣҼʲôǽǧС㣬ҪʲôûУҪǲ⣬⸮ﻹסȥ𣿡
㡭㡭Ƽᣬһ仰˵Ȼֿʼ§ԼŮޡ
κ״ֻҡͷ벻ףһˣôôأƼƽװװӵУһַ棬ֱпСûʲô
ĵңκ̲סѵĸȱſˣȴȥѻ˰ɣʪܵĶǲҲ㡣
ûϣƼֻ޵İǴֶëʵΣ˴ԼҺдദ͸ã˭ýЩЩ͸öһЩ
ȥҲûۣκǸһֱһֱޣް˰ǣͷֻۣõǽ㣬ָ㣬㲻ԸϴȲʵΣѾ߶˲ԼкܴĴ㸸׻һͬһ£ѾͬһͺúʲôģУԣú֮£
ֻǽȻģλãƼ˵ЩʲôֻöҲǲС֮£ѲҷǵðԼŮҲƽǺˮòⲻɣ
Ƽֻñ첻ԣϽȥϵѸ
-
ڽ¶κ޿޲ɣմڼҲ൱ǽ㣬ʱȻ취ȥġ
ڻطԷ·ϣ¶κԲ𣬺㱻𷣡
κ¶Ҫ˵˵ǰе㲻һô뺷ǰװģ
Ƶڸ׳ء
κЦֵ˵µĶͷεѽ
ֵҪ𣿡
ȻأȥεǲðС
С˵ˣ̫ˡ

Ȼף·Զ˵·ɨǿȻҲ²⣬޵˼ߡ
ҶǴ˳ڳվһκ彥ʧӰ̾˿
ҶܿѾͷ˼ɾѹθϽõȥˡ
ǶŪú޲ŽӣƼ˵Ựȴû˯ãζҲЩȥͷŪɣ⼸ղùˣ˲úϢϢ
Ƽһ⻰һԼŮȻæúúãǽúϢͲˡ
֮ǰֻعͷҶһ䣺ҶҪúչҷ˰
Ҷ˲˵ūҲԻᾡչ˵ģߣūҪźˣͲˡ

ƼλʹţͬлҪ˵ǵԶһ㣬͵СİǶ˸ϳȥ
æͷǡ
һӣƼϽһأȲæŰΰͷŪɣʵô£Լǳ㲻ˣ
ƽƽģҲȥҲû֮ǰˣƿƼԼߵǰ˱ˮһˮ֮ҲԼġ
Ƽüѵκģ
ǡνصԼûվȣȥˣɲͲûˣˡ
ֽ˵˭õʱκ˭ôãĸû
κŮĺܣοЩӣţκԽԽˡƼص
κȻƼ׼ûУ
ƼԼŮ˵ͷĸŮһЦܶ˼ҲͲԶˡ
-
κ˸֪ñ㣬޲ȥκ壬ֻõ֮Ժȥ
ãҪ˷Ȼ£ºƶѾȥϢˣŵƣֻκһڡ
κŶκ˱ˮ
κغţκ⸱ӣ֪ҪƵġ
֪Ҫ
κң϶Ҫҵѽ
ģ˭ˣЦġκãİѱƳˣ
κвͼʲôѽ
κͷҲǣ治ϲãҸųһ٣ôҲʹôа
κܵл߿Ұø˵
㻹Ϊˡ
ˣˣﶼҡ
κЦЦתƻ⣬ʵϳԷûС
ˣҪҪԵʲôѽ
κǵá
˼ˮκȻˣǰҴһĴεĵʿҴˣֻĿǰǣ˵סڽһƹ
ҵˣ
ûУûȥңٸһȥҿҵһô
ãˡ룬κֵܲȥ̫ӸͲȥɣҵİڸܰæŵ㣬ұ㣬ǿҪˡ
κѾ̫ͬ˵ˣ¾Ͳȥ̫Ӹˡ
̫κԥԥأֲʵӣκȻ˼ֻǵºܺãòõġ
á
-

40

⼸գκҲɣҲ¶ֻ￴飬֣廨
飿
ĵһ죬޾ҶˡŮ͡Ů¼͵ԷκһͷᣬѻеԺأһᣬ˶ˡ
ӽǷҶģ˵ǵĹ¿㿴飬Ҳô򷢴ʱ䡣
κĬĬؿŴͷᣬ򴽣ĵúݡ
Ǳ飬ǽ˹δ˵ĻҲֻ⡶Ů
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
»Ҫ𣿡
κϽˣ廨
ǣκ㿪֣廨ճ
κ̵ģдĺãʷˣκдĻҪƮһЩκ־࣬ѿֻǹؾصģһ㶼ֲŷһ𣬹ԱҪ滻ˡ
ȻˣǾ廨ɡ
廨£ºôͨȥΨһָľֻκˣκǰΪЦ
Ϊĳһգκ£˸ɰ͸κᣬɰ϶Ǽõģֻκ˷Щ幤ʵ̫ĺɰҲʵڼˣԼñĶҪЩźɰ߸ȥκ鷿Īؽɰ͸
κῴɰĵһۣǺε
϶ǲϵġ
ɵʱκҲڣκ廨˼õĺɰͿʼޡ
ȻװģᶼûһΣƫƫκֶΪƫκŮκһޣ춼Ҫˡ
ǣκضκû˼ĺɰʹʲôֲϵɽ»𺣣ི߯
κ಻ԣŲأóҪˡ
ӲͷƤѺɰõκǰȥ̽ףҪʱȥ
ʹκ
һκĺɰģ˶٣ֵ˰ɡ
κǿûЦκˣ˺ɰԻԼӡ
κСҲûɹôµĻͷһ˸ͳȥĳЦˡ
ԣȥȥأǸ⡣
κ忴˿ĲĻջ¶`ȥκᡣ
޽㣬Ŀŵĳȥκᣬƫƫκ⼸պæʲôҲȻκֻ취ȥˡ
ҲֻʽϵĽ㣬ϼӿܣκԼУεСãǿеͷˡ
κκڱ߹һ˰꣬ȴеŮԼĹ飬ԵʱκڹѩκѲӪ
ģѩҲȹᣬĴѩܽ˵ơ
κ弫䣬ƫƧ֮أдѩŰκסʱԼӪͷκϰ䡣
Իǿ塣
ǲңһ˫ֱ鸧٣һ˫֣ȴ˱ļӡ
Ϊظ֮󣬾ŪĿǰҲûʲôӰ졣
-
ºڷԷκԽǽεرܿ˸ˣֱκ鷿
һ㶼鷿ͨյģκȻܻ˯κֱȥ鷿
ԼһҪ͵͵ģ̫ˡ
ԺӣźҲڸԵĸλϣԺտյģԺһŴ֦ҶïԺһĹ⣬
鷿ſڣκ̧׼ţȴ˵Ǹں˭˵
ûݵϸ룬һɤ䣬ѩģȴЩ䡣
Ȼ䣬ȴò
һκĶҪκ˶ҪϤ
Ƕ̫ӣΡ
κûȥ̫Ӹ̫ȴ˽
ͺüѽ
ǰַˣˣŰɣ̫Ҫ¶Ҫ̸ȥŲ̫á
ѽļʱڣͷʢκʵڴסκԺǿô룬ȥ
ŵһĻһţ
ѴϺÿǺÿʵڲжԻظ֮޸׼ȫ͡
ɫǳؾƮƮɣκֺãüĿĶ䴽һЦһЦܻġ
κƯβһαｿĻ䣬κ÷ԭҲｿֻΪһЩرԭ뿪ңܷ˪ѩ裬Ǳɾһ֧ӭѩİǡ
ϻ˵ײǽͷݣ֪ǰǽҲҪǽϡ
ɵҲɡ
˶
αأ
-
κظʵ̫ڶˣǻڱ߹أôһ粻֪¶ٱˡ
񵹺ã۵ģҪ
ڣҲˣιǧ򲻿иˡ
ȻǼĿҲͰ׳ˡ
֦Ҷïκȥ˶֦Ҷסˣûҵõ
Щߣ֦ϣȵλεģòڣ΢紵ǳǳ㣬ҶĿס۾
ʶ
ǰκεһμ棬
ǰ࣬һνֳ
һ˳Ļ
˳Ļأ
ûãκ鷿Ŵˣȳκ
κ忴Ǳ߱ģȵ˴£ͣ
νմıɫѣ½ƵĹߣһ壬κϣСġ
κܰףʵ̫ãվ£Ӱ߲ż΢Ʒ˿ƮƮģ˵꣬վ¶Σգɣҽס㡣
忡ŵɣʱ۶
κ˵һסģˤϡ
ôһ˲䣬κľҵһ£ۣۿͨ졣
̲ס۾ַµʱûǰҴһĻȥ
ƫУõκͷϡ
κ᣺
ʲôʲôΪʲôպҪͷϣ
˭ϣ
-

41

κԣһ¡
ƿ֦ҶĿ£վ΢ͷϿĸ̫ӵ¡
κŵĶһĲĻ
κ廹ʶԼ䣬Ȼˡ
ٿһ±Ƶģ仨ܸպõȥˡ
ãκվɻص㣬ôȥˣ첻ɣ
κЦЦˣŰһʱĻһΣκһ仰ƿԡ
ֹƿԣȫƻˡ
⻰ôӰ
죬Ҳϵȥ
κԴʵ࣬ǰ˵ʱ򣬽Ĳһ
öĶǷǰҪԼõһչָ
ϣҪԼʧ
ܶණˣǰΣ֮ʱͶͱһΣһΣǰίĿ޸ͣ
ټڣôЩΰ
μϵκ壬Ц㣿
κ򴽣װƽصǳŮ¡
κῴ˿еľ겼üͷصʲô
κ޲øϽȥκеľ겼ȥģôѿĻϵȥģ˭ֱ֪ʰ
ҲκԱ߿š
κԱ룬ˣǰֲһˡ
ϰ߾ͺãϰ߾ͺá
-
һֱվ£֪ΪΣܾǰ龰ʶͺһ
֦ҶïĴգҫ۵Ĺ϶Ц˵ôߣѽô죬ˡ
ڴ֮ǰӦҪ˵һ䣺ΣգκﻹǿЩɡ
߽Ļ£棬һˤϵġ
ȷʵҲߣκǿ֦ϣȻεͣѰŮңĸӴûߣҿӣ֮£ҲΪ֮
»ʺڸɫ̫Լ޿޲ɣСҲûϲĸŮӣĸĸҲЩû֦չŮվǰֻǧƪһɵģ
ȥǣҲΪҪ̫ϲǾ̫Ҳֻһ
ȻϲˣǱ˭ԡ
ǺڽһλĹĿһ£ȴһĲͬ˵Ҳ̫
̫Ӳ̫ӵĻҲޡ
һμ棬޸ͣڶι磬ççײײСһЩҲ֪ʲôίǿޡ
ΣǵΣˡ
ܺͱ˲һ
룬ξãԼŮУȴҲֻסһˡ
κ˵ãκκ塣
-
κ׼һСĽһֱӴϵȥˡ
һûüڣ۵˲䣬Ժֻһͷˣˡ
еʹδ٣׼һʵĻ
§˫ֽʵů˰ģϢŵ㣬е峿Ĳľ㣬ܸɾҲʡ
κġ顱ͣСۣȿ½ƵĹߣϣǰ忡ա
ԭĻסԼ
κ½ϣʸкܺãЩϸ΢⡣
һκһԾ£ֱδһΣ˽Ļ
κϵʱκҲһæȥӣϧζһ㣬һסá
΢ͷЦ⣬κ壬û°ɡ
κ建˻֮εĻ˲˸͸˵ң£ңҾԲǹġ
ţεʲô
룬κ廹˵˳˵£ҾԲǹͶͱģûվȣУлл
һ£Цûµġ
κʱ򿪿ڵص㣺ãҾ˹ˣΪʲôҪȥ㲻Ǳ
㡱ֻû˵꣬κˣұҪģ֮͵飬Ҳýȥţʵ̫ȣҾˡ
Σգ´λǲҪôΣյˣ絣ġһԵ
κ˵⻰κȥǻ˵κԹɵӦ֪ˣ¡
ʱκȻκùһĲĻжãȻʵģ
κ壺
ĺϣ
һʱû˵κ֪Լϲ̫ӣ˿İ֮ǰȻõӡ
κҪκ׼˵еɻصǡ
κȥˣӲͷƤͷǺ
Ѿ˽ܳЦ׼ˡ
ƽﱻҲЦ˲֪ٴˡ
ţš
˭֪ĻشԤеĳЦûгƽº͵ɤͦɰġ
Ҳ֪˵ĲĻɰ˵˿ɰκѵõĲ˼ĵҲҲʵŮָÿ
κһţЩ룬˵ɣԼǸ幤ĻܳƵϿɰ
ˣҵǿ佱õİɡ
νǺκҪ̣Ҳ̸ˣҪ̫Ӹˡ
κ⼸θ˼٣Ե¹ƱҪæ࣬ʵǽ̸֮£±ɲǰ˸κãҲ֪ǺԭƫҪԼԹһˡ
չң΢촵Ժǿô紵áɳɳ죬ôһ˲䣬κЩ¾õģ
ã΢粻ˡ
-
Ҫ̫ӸˣκſڣǸ佱ͦɰ廨κҪȥˡ
κ˵ԺлᣬһҪһÿҡ
ҪһʦĻҪӵƽƽһ˳졣
ο˵ģ̲סЦΪʲôֻһѽ
κգգۣΪ˵ĵ£Ҫµıӻɵ¹һˣȴûѽ
˵ҴһЩ׼죬úñŵ£̫ӵ¡
˵꣬͵͵һ䣬ҲĻ
˵һԼʲôоǱèϸצһ£ۣ΢Щ
κֿĶҪˣû˶˵ЩĸֻҶ̫ӣҪʵۣвѶϣҪңҪλ
иСҪȥһҲҪ̫ӵ¡
ֻõллˣκ
κ峯һЦ۶гΣ˵ֻܵžͺá
-

42

ļ죬κûʲôˣİشڷԷ廨
ֻҶùỹǿȥһԵϡ
ۻ˺һдֵֽÿնϴϴ黹ոʣ˳Ⱦ֡
֪óȥӣ
κ幤ãϴκᣬջĶࡣ
ÿһ廨룬һһߣļ档
ȻǱϸϸ廨ָͷ˵ָĻԣǱȽϺõġ
ԼҹȰҪǲ˰ɣ㿴֣ټȥѪŸˡ
κţһСģֱһ룬⼸նϰˣ۶û˼һֱֹģЦŰѪָͷȥ㿴ѪкܶأĹ
¼ֱûۿϽȥ׳񲼹κ֣˵ͽָϲ
ҲûѪƫƫָͷøͷƵģ廨Ҳˡ
κֻͣЪЪ
ƹʱ͵͵һȥСֹһǹˣ
ƵɴۣһĲ˼飬£˵Ҫиݰ⣬Ұ
µһɣΪ㣬ˣŸԼˣжһ˵ɲ¡
ǡе¡
-
κպҪˮûºѾͷɴԼŸͷֵˮȣűӣӣ˱˵ʲô߹ȥߵĵһ䣺Ǳ˵ʲôأ
Ѿͷ˲侪ÿһ޲һ߸ߡ
֮Լҹʱδƽ˵ҲͰ͵أùùáѽһ
κűһ£ʵǱ˵ʲôأ
ƿκͷָͷ۵һټּ죬ͿԳȥˣס衣
һԲﲻԼҺƿ۹ˣԼˣ𣿡
ƵͷͬȻд֣˵׼óȥӡ
κһˮȥûǺɵصдֻǮǽûôɡ
£
ƣ
κô˵ºѾͷʼÿռලκд֣д֣дֵճ֮ܲ廨ͲϾ治ǿϡ
-
ԼĪ˰࣬ҹ¸¹
Է˵ƣѾͷźκ˯֮˳ȥ
ûãһӰԺӣߵκ뷿ſڣȻ̧š
ڰУκٿۣӴ׺Ƶ´ûһ˵ơ
û˿ţ֪˭ȥţ׼ˣǻˣ
һ
磿
κ֮κ忪ڵҹģ㴩µʲôأҲˡ
κῴʲôҲûУΪڿЦЦˣʲôң
κĿضκῴһȻĬĬؽԼĳ޳˳žһ£ݺݵһ飬֪ǲǴκذҪˡ
á
áֻû˵أֿκһֻ֡
һֻϰŵ佣жˣĽɫɭɭĺ⣬գκȴԽش˸ս
˵ãǧ𼤶
κԣ佣ųޣתݣκҲ̤
κԱһ̾İģд֣Ҷˡ
κ㲻ǻ廨ûȤˣ
ûȤҸȤúܣֻϧ̫ˣºѾͷΪˣԼκ˵˵ţһſأ߶ˡ
κȥ˿κָʳָ˺üΣӡһֱŵڻûȥκαأŮ£ͲᣬǼҲǿ
κҵҲǿҾһÿһ㣬õĳֵƷ̫ӣ͵ﶼһܾòǰ׶ôˡ
ɵѾͷԴʲôκûصκͷãö˭ðԱ˺ãҲŲأٰԼŪˣӦµҰɡ
аκ忴Ÿ磬һԼ֣Եøг⣬ģ硣
κ룬ʵδػĲãϴǶ仨ôѿ¶ͦɰģʲôȥҲϲġ
κֻЦҡҡͷģһҪΪõĶ£Ҳġ
κ᣺
ѾħˣˣκᵱԶԣ޻˵
-
κһҹ´磬£磬չĵİɣ££˵
κѣκԼĿģãҵǸκòĵˡ
κæվʵ
κ𼱰ǵʿסһƹǰЩӱѾϢȥңˡ
ˣκţ㡭㣬ˡ
ñκصϣûܵõˡ
˴˻κϣȥ
κȥץģڱˣŵƹ
κ¶˽һϵЦͫ׼ƺϸ΢⣬κţȴܾĪ}ûţܾúһӻֻżǵʿòŻ
κϿҵκᣬ磬лл㣬Ҳˡ
κᶼе㲻˼ץԣֱСһ׮Ҳ̫˰ɡ
û뵽κֽŵ磬֪̫ʲôˣǺΣյ£һһҪԼ
κỹûӦκЦЦ֣ȴȥǵʿɡ
-

43

Ͻһʮƾɵĵۣķ˲֪жãʲô翴ˣЩҪҪҵھС
ҹģӸĳȥ϶ǲеģκỹҹأƵģ͵طǽ
̫ˣֵѲˣҼűջ¹ˮ˲ǰУûһ͵ĵǰ
Ӧǻķã˿ԫһۿȥֻô˺ĻҳĺܣһŤŤľ׮ϻһƳϡõĺ
ֱۣɱ˲ʬء
κָָƹۣ棿
κͷ
κֻŶ룬ų¾ɣһƾͷء֨ѽٿϣһҳϵĻҳ̧ȥһƵˣΪҺҽУɴһƲ졣
κҪһ𣿡
κỷܣˣʲôֻǵʿš
κͷҲá
˵󣬱ŸˣתһǸڵûĵʿ
ĳѾκߵʿǰӣһ
ʿɣ࣬һƾɻŲĵۣ˽һԣǰʱЩɷǵģҲ֪ʲô˿˲٣ĳҲѾף˫Щǣʵǡ
κã
ʿһ˽͡ءĽкܶ໰Ҫ˵ֻϧƲ죬ˡءһҲĲ
ǵ𣿡
ء
ƹĵضûУǻҺ֩κüͷˣôҡ
һ⻰ָ˼ѪһڵŲһκվֱһ߹ȥʲô
ء
κƹͷתתҵһȱֻȵӺһ֪ûϴš
ʿϳֳ飬ۼɾ˵㣬ؽŵϣֽϹһֱʿǰȻһѳ˵ʿƲˣڿ˵ˡ
ʿҲˣԵ޹ʱ⼦ĵطҪýߣƲһͿʼƿڴȥģвˣɰҪǵ㣿˵ˣһĺòãʲôϵ£Ҫŷŷš
±ӣ
κľηϣһֻűͷľη֣ú˵
һҷͺá
κü湻ģ
ޣǽ۵ĽûĻ
κЦЦ㻹֪ԼΪʲôᱻɣ
ޣ񾭲
žκȻıӳԱ߳һ£û鵽ˣֻһЩϱҲһ飬ϵĻҳȫƮˣڵϣҳȫɽˣǺÿȸͣ
֮󣬷ʲôѽԼ
κֱӵǰǣǲȥʮһλˣκˣȴ˵й壬˵йĸǡ
κú룬ǲôһ¡
ĶˣֻתתӣĬһŵ˵ʲô
κǹǻ꣬Ϊһ仰˶ɻ䣬ĸ׶ų⡣
ǹŲӵ֪˵ʲô
СֻøŸһͬȥ˱߹ءκ忴Զ֪ж𣬷εҪѿˣĳǹѩδãˡ
κ˵꣬ŷЦһ£ŵȣлл㣬֪˸׵Ŀ࣬ΣҪҥ˭ŵģĸ׵ĲǲΡ

ɴ첻ԣκ彫ӣҸ׸ģսϴӵģһɱˡ˳ݵǰ㿴ʺģ㲻֪մ˶ѪɣԣҲ⡣
Ҹ㣬˽̣ңҪ
κ峰һЦڸЦصû֪Ҫûˣ˭֪ôġ
ûֿʼС
κƫܵúܣƺҲûüʡúôػɡ
һûԷˣûһˣӡиͣκһνڲȵϣֱ׳صû𣬱Ӷˡ
κͷˣǺʲôϵ
벻֪ˣ
κȻ롣
ȴȥԵ㶫ԱҺ˵
ھ˵
ߡ
κаɣ˭Ĺ˭
ӽʱκ˯ˣͷӷϱĿ񣬷ǰ󱳣Эðɣ˵
ţ˵κ۵˵ͷ
̫ˣӶҪˣô˵
κ岻ͷۣһѽã¶࣬Ҫ˵Ͻ˵˵ȥʱ䣬Ӱ˯ߡ

-
ǰյǣΪ˸ӵɹƭһλҵңҹȥתƣ˽Ҫžˡ
ʱ˲أòУý˻˽ҵλ˲Ӹңҷųҥԣ˵йĸǡ
˵λǲĸ׳Ϊơκ
ͷʱ򱾵ӣȻôһǮֲ£Ȼȥ
յκһ۵ӣĿڣҲ֪һ仰ܸôӰ죬Ҫ֪϶Ҫӡ
ؼ㲻κĸʲô
û˶ȿֻƽͷļ£Ż£ȻһֱΣžûˡ
Ȼ
κµģ
ôܡǻһûȥأˡ
κ嶢۾㣬ôⶾǿɹƭ
һɹƭͲˣ˭˵ҿɹƭˣҲƾʵԷģ
κվãңΪʲôⶾ
룬ңҲǻⶾⲻҰҩ˸˺ȣҾͶѽ
κֱһ˦ȥôĵӣͶˣͲһ붾ҩ𣿡
ӳʱ򣬷һ˵ϴ˼ſܹһޣȻֻҪѪ
úõķʲô𰡣Ұѻ˵갡
κðɵؿŷֻҪ˵һ֣һٱź򣬷صʵһиҵרְ
ƨ
ȿȣҼҵģһ㡣ţֵģֻһ˶ңûӣȻҩݣȲˡ
Թҩˣûοĸ׺Ҳôҥԣû뵽ôӰ졣
κĬţһʱû˵ĶӻڲͣĽУԼҪˣ̫ˡ
ι
ѽҵǸ˰ɣԲ𡣡

Ҫ

ʲôκӦԶȻ˵ġ
Ǿͺãлл
-

44

ҹģȥҳԵģ⵹Ǹ⡣
Ķһֱиͣκ忴һۣʵֵܼܲ
ܣҪˣôУһܶ
κ֪ģ⸽ûгԵġ


Ȱҽ⿪ɣҶһˡ
ڻСκ֪ЩɹƭӦƭ˲ӵİɣôôᣬסĵطûУ
ңҲȫǿɹƭЩ汾µģ˵ǮĶסСѾͷסǣȻûЩŶĴΪˣżˣӵĻȻɢȥˡ
κһۣô˵㻹һƣ
һ̸ϣֻҪҲӣȻܰͰˡ
⻰κһʱҲ˵Լʲôоԭ֮ǰúһģûеô
κʵո˵Ķģ
Ҫ˵ļٻֱҶ˰ɡ
-
κỹţκȥ磬ǵʿô죿
ƹĴ©磬˵ʲôκһ
Ҳ֪ίģôôɡ
κ룬Ҹոǵʿ˵ģҲʲô͸ˣȻɹƭϣִôһ˿˿ģ磬ǰʿʱǲҲûʲô캦֮¡
κͷǣȷʵû˵ȥץʱЩؤһЩؤڻ
֪ôˣ硣
κֽ˹Ѿò붯ˣ̱ڵͦʬκȥҸæҷߣЩǣĶҲȥҪģҪҳ嵱Ǽ£𣿡
գգۣ˵
κֵһӵģҲòſɹƭˣȥҩݣͷ棬ֻҪΪˣһȥȻġ
˵ֻҪҳǼ¾Ϳˡ
ǲ
κո˵һǼٵģ
ҿû˵һơҲǲ㣬Ǽ¹ȥôãô壬˵ˣ⸱ӣ˵ȥĻ˭š
šκ㲢ҲĻ£ֻѣΪҲ辶
νЦһСѾͷû˵ôΪƣǵñΪƣȻҶƭҵ
κҲЦһģӦˣҾʹȥóԵ㣬Ը顣
˵ġɵصûƭң
ƭʲôֻҪҳ塣
㲻Ұ֮ã
κ΢ЦѾȥˣ͵һһҲˣ֪˽֮ף֪˸׵ļ˭ԸأҸףر߹أŻ̫ƽʢڵ˵ģ֮⣬ĴΪˣǵطԱĹĹ̫ӣǸ԰Ϊص̫ӣᴦһеġ
ЦСѾͷӻͦģֵȥˡ
κ֪֪֪֪ĴҲ˲٣ôܹ˵ģ
Уһ塣ԥֻǡ
ţֻʲô
ҳˣκһҰɡ
κȻᣬŵҩݣһء
-
̸֮κ͸ӣһ죬һɿӣֱƵģŤûûˡ
ļ磬ﵢ˲ʱ䣬ʱ˻Ұɫٹ˶ã춼̫ᴩｫ۵ĹâеĴС
е̯Ϊ˶׬ЩӲãر磬ʲôˣгԵģϽ˹ȥ
κκ壬÷ܣ
κǻиҶĲ𣿡
κ˫ֱۣһɢӣţ÷ԸģȻȫԸ
Ǳ߷ȥǸ̯̯ǸҺʵˣǽĵһˣȵһ⽣̯ʢһ롣
ճ˵һ⽾Թһ˳ԱƫƫմӶųƵģһ벻һ룬֮󣬴˼ãȻǴ˼ƾɵ졣
κʣ磬ӹ𣿡
κϣˣŴæǴӡ
κ壺
Ǳ߷׼ҪһģκϽȥֹȵȡ
ȻѷһԣСٳԵ㣬Ǻ˴ӡ
˵ʲôѲҪ԰͡˵˵Ż˷ˣôûûԹأͺü
κԵһۣûг԰ͣҸ취Ǯϣ㣬ȱˣ´δӣԸ
Լӣֻõаɣˡ
󣬻κὫԼϵһݸ̯ŵǮ
أֻ̯κҪ̯Ҳʵûʲôãӣֻȥծˡ
κ岻浢̫ã㽫иκᣬѰҽЩظȻʱºѾͷûˣȻֵһͨ͡
-

45

κһ»ͿԳʱˡ
ͬǰһģһ֢״⻹ûȥأĸҥˡ
Ϲźϴغκϴ˵ˡ
κڲһ٣ʲôʱ򲡵ģ
мˣһֱ㣬Ҳû˵ȥˣǰջʱڸתƣ⼸ʱˡ
κʵҰ˭չţ
µĸͱڡ
ȥκеӣ׼ȥ󿴿
¼æסԥԥصĸͱչأȥɡ
ΪʲôҪȥ
֧֧ģκΪҥԣ
¿κ壬صͷ
κ忴⣬ЦһУҲȥˡ
ҥôģܼ򵥣ҪһΡ
˺ܶ඼ǰźˣκҰ꣬ǻڸûأٴФ룬һκϡ
ϾйǰƵˡ
޴ڸôãȥǰһزûʲôԴزˣ񵹺ãκһֲˡ
걾ǱſĸңһΣֵˡ
˵޸زж¶֮Ȼĸ
Ƽ׽ã޶շ˵ûδʱһĸͬϵܡ
ص¶ƼҲǲĵģԺѰ˸ӣҵ˷ҩȻٽĿڣҥԡ
ǵʿֻشһ仰Ȼ׵档
κ嵱̫Сֻ˼ʲôѳ࣬־ǰǷȻʹ˰ݡ
һ飬κκƼĶ಻һҲͻɹһ˱Ųа
£ڻſھƼ¶ıԼ׽㡣
˵ˣǶŲλҪġ
-
һֱûãκ⼸æҽĴ򣬸պܹ죬κҲûκ塣
ÿն̷޸ǰû˹κ˵һ丮ʱѾˣҲû˸Գȥˡ
龰Ƶĺܣǰ˶ܻ䣬Զ
̤ԷǵͷҿһۣԱߡ
Ѿͷκһ˳һ·ϣջ˸ʽ۹⡣
˳ɿδϻ˰ڵ⣬ŵĻǴѾߡ
ͷ࣬ҲùƼκˣɵһЦ߹ȥɻ㲻Ǳôܳˣĸ𡣡ͷݿһۣ죬㻹֪ɣĸֲˣǲˣ
ǵЦԽԽԣ̫ԾԵúǵ⣬㣬ƭŶĸ治㣬ܡ
κ岻ֱӽȥεûźҶ
Ҷȥɣڲ㡣
κʵҰﻹ𣿡
̫ãذɡ
˵ţƼִˣκ屻⣬ֱӹҶҷ˯ˣȥ㣬˵
ҶԿһκ壬ʲôû˵ȥˡ
Ƽ޺κǰһĺɫɲģƺһǰŭݵعκ彫ԼŮƽ
ĳصСĸҪΪ㣬ĸ治Ը㣬ĸףˣ㲻㰢ȻõĿһЩ
κĸ⻰ôҲҰͺõĿһЩѲϴʲôɣ
Ƽһ㶣ЦȻ˼ֻҲ֪˶ĸĸ룬㻹΢ŵá
޲ˣûеˣƼٲȻѾԼˣڸס˺ü꣬ҲЩţ󲿷˶ûĹǣֻʱƼεĲǲ
ּ֮κãȻܶ㣬ܲ򽻵Ͳ򽻵
ſһֱûܽȥԹһ䣺ˡ
ԱСѾߵɹˣﲻȥЪŰɣʣµ£ͳɡ
Ҳû˹κ治ˣΰκһۣתͷԴһ¹⡣
Ҳûӣֻεİš
κ¿ȥСֹһǼҹﶼûô󡣡
졣ڵָµ£һֱڹߣôôûһˣʲô£㻹벻ˣ
ӴͿʼκûˡ
ƼԼĺýȻ̲ȥصһһˣ˵ú㲻ǸƵġ
㡭Ҳ޻˵Ǹˣ޷Ǿεơ
￴˿ΣԼ˵һģθûƵġ
ûεӣֻҪԼӰ죬һ˶ѣΪͷ
ûҪҲм
¼龰ߵΪжƣҹﶼΪ˵˭á
Ը˲٣Լҹﲻϲűһ·˳˳ˮ˵Ҳзܹ
Ҳ͹ѾͷѾͷոκߣܵ˵ǵ͵ģƽҲûŸĸѾͷͻ
һˮΪȣ²ƿڴΪԼӣпԭһ𱻷˽㣬Ϊʵ࣬ټ֮˲أȫĸͣôţºҲʵʵ˰ɡ
û뵽һٵؿƿԣûӣϾεƣڸһ˵УͷĻҲࡣ
Ǵ𣬴ǰźΣ֪ʲôȥһʱĴֻٻҲѾˡ
ﳤĺÿȴεãڴǰһֺ޲úݺѹ´һض
ºݺݵسԼڴǰûӣȫϣݵص㣬㣬Ҫ˺죬
ָ£޲һ١
ɻûֵȶ֣κֱһ˦ȥˣžһ࣡ö
κ󵨣˭ƣǽκա
һȥʱΧ˶סˣ΢΢һɴ۾ŵؿκ塣
㣬㡭ôԴˡ
κ岻Ƕ㣬һһˣɻǵԼݣҾ㿴ҹҵĺñã㿴᲻Ϊ˵һ仰
ۼžҪһʰƼϽԲϾڳ¶ִҲʵ²̨
ºͣȥκ֣κֱ̧ܿˣƼҲΣֻǵСĸزúϢʱƣҪ֣ǵĸ˯òĲſϰݲɣ
κ忴ƼĸҰ˯ðĲֻ𣿡
Ϊκһƣ׳ɰˣһ¾ĵۣ˿̶κǻģƼû˵һ䲻ҪĻſڼ
Ϊ˶֪ǸǣĸҪ˶Ǻúõģ㡣
-

46

˵ЩФ֪϶Ƽ˵ģ㸮˶κйǣϾǽǧС㣬ǵӣЩ治Ļ򲻸õ˵
ҲǺ޼ˣͷԣܲ˰ѻһ˵Ҳһճ
֪Լ˵ʲô𣿡
ʵЩһ˵ڣ˲ͺˣ˵ףǸۡūūţҪ۸ͷû
侲ֻ֮˶㡣
κЩЦˣûˣֻǿƼʵĸԺˣ̵ĺð
Ƽǲִģţξ̲ȥˣҲΪκ˵
Ժ˳ԲѷȻû̺ãҪκ˵ûǶȻɽܵġ
εʲôСԺˡ㣬ǽˡ
κҼǵûþͱĸҪˣн̹صӣƫҪԼ̣̳ū
κ忴һ۶΢Ц
ȻɫһһضεסҲǽ˳ǧ˭㲻ĸ׼µСѣڣմ˭Ĺ⣬ҰĹ⣬ҡûпɱԣǱԽ߹󣬱ܾǧ򱶡
ʲôұȣ
κһƽΣαŵһˣֱ޿ˣ󱳵ϵʱȻֺݺݵκһѡ
¾Сģ
Ϊʵ̫죬ԭ˭Ҳ벻ξȻô
ǻվ̨ϣκûվȣκݺһƣֱȥǸȥ
κԼĺ׿ܻƸʱһŵľĻ
ǵģֱ˽סˡ
κ壺
û취þ
κ廹ûüһ§סԼ˭ʱΧ˼ææڵ̫ӵ¡
ͷº͵𣬵û°ɣκ
š¡û£ǣôֱ̫Ӹסѽ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱģûпԼһͱ˵ӣҪǿˣǾͣǾͷ˰
κϽվȣλЩ΢΢˵죬̫ӵ£¼Цˣзţš
֪ô˵û뵽΢ЦŽĻ֪㲻ǹͶͱģ˵𣿡
ǡκͷ˵Ļ˷磬ҪʲôŪˣ˵Ĳʱֵǣǣʵ˵¸ոտͱ˵ӣʵԭġ
̧ͷЦ⣬üĿºͣһ統꣬Ӳİ͵ĻȥЩίصǵģҲǹԵͶͱģǱ˶ġ
˵ʲôָκµԼûվȣˡ
ڳǼٲðͷ˵ˡ
κ忴Σô˵
ˣκЦûſݹκˣһֱκƼĨ
˵ݣ˵裬˵̣ܽ˵ĸǣǰĿŵƫ̻κ˶ٰӡ
ȱĽʱֻκ͵͵ȥɺ֮乬˻ʵۣʲô
̫Ӹ̫ԾֳԶפκԶ̤ƫһ
κ֪ζȫκϣһֱΪ͵͵ȥ乬ԼΡ
κһС
һ룬֮乬˭Ŀŵȥβ٣ʹˣ˵ʱѾҪΪ̫κ壬ֻ˽Ը乬źūǣǧǧҪƴӡ
ͱ֮簮ĳҲûԹ࣬乬ʧ˻ʵ۵ĳ谮ǰ̫ôܵˡ
κûҪȼĺãֻΣԭԼһУȫΪС
ЩҪˣİ·ˡ
κһѣ뿴һûǰΣ᲻һƫ̻軤
Ǻж԰㽵СһҲ뱻˴ƫ̻ţҲп֮ˣҲŬһ㣬Լ㣬ΣȻ硣
-
ΪεͻȻ֣Ժһصˡ
Ŷκ壬Ǹ⡣
ԭ̫ӣˣƫƫ֪˭Ҳ֪ǱŵˣǱʲôԭֱȸˡ
·ͻȻոջֵģеһ˹Χ˸һ𶼸ˡ
ر񵽲ȥˡ
ҲվţƼԱߣһǵҪ
κոմ̨ϵʱ½˿ŪЩԼûע⵽θѷ˿ۺãȻ󻹸½
κܳ΢ӵϣǸĨһ˵֬
£Լͺá
αͣʵŪͷ𣿡
⻰һ죬ֱǶˣͷɢˣθ纵ķ
²ȴһָɾĸоദĺʣͺ¹⾲ںᡣ
Ժﾲĵģ˶벻ףΪʲô̫ӻ̫Ӹúôţʲô
˽Եͷο˵߿Ҳаô̫ʵɹ˷Ρ
ƫƫθûһһԡ
κ£㿴ǣô̫Ҫ
ʱŲĿһ۹ڵϵˣǶɡ
л̫ӵ¿
вʣ̫һֱ׽ˣϧĴʵڲ࣬ûлȥӽκ壬ƾʲô̫ǰ治ζѡ
̫ӻΪͷòΪκһȣԸԾҲκ
УļжϲκӵĹˣͱˡ
ʼվã˰ܻϲŮӣĺܺá
κΣ£ôˣҸأ
εЩµˣܿͻûµģû˸˵ĲǣȥĸףȻҲû˸ȥɡ
κ⻰䴽ЦǾ͡л̫ӵ¡
ȥɣ
ã
κ̧žҪߣͻȻܹס㲻ȥĸ㣬Т˳һЩ͸֪ȥȻڻҪá
ʲôʿ
κֱ봸Դװǲˮ
ûκ˵ֻεչЩǺ˼Ǳ׼κȥĸף˼κТ˳ǱТ˳
°ˣϲŭɫ˵˹ģǼ˽ˣ
ͱڣʵһ㣬һ㣬ʲô۶ӣȻҲ͹ȥˣƫƫǵǸͷ
ᣬɤε̫Ӹ磬Ů˼㲻֪ĵʿ˵ұ㣬ǸǰҲΪĸ룬Ųȥĸġ

̧ȥκκ̤иƾʿں̵ظš
ºæǴӺͽˡ
κȵֶ֮ε˵Ҫϸϸ˼ǣ̫Уεº̫մ״ʡ
ûУң磬Ҳ˼ε
ƼһԷ֣˵ˣλǲͣһֱ£ҽ͡
ϧĿǰû˵
£˽£ȻκȻԨˣǱ뿪ˡ
κг£¼ЦˣһУ
οۻһԷκ壬΢ЦκίˣոҪǱüʱÿܾҪˡ
κ·ġ
-

47

ߺԺձøΪ졣
ƼֵĶŴʱվκˡ
ˣ˲ǵӵǸʿ
ôǻ˵ˣӾ˵ģôֻˣ
ʲô
κҲˣ׵á
΢΢˵ͷе㲻˼߿
κƼվļȻҲƼһֵģ
ĸôˣɫôѿ
ƼԣĨĨԼϲڵĺ飬ûĸû¶
Ȼݺݵسһε֣ζˡ
κκ᲻ڸʱŵĺܣˣҪĴ߳ȥȻܡ
κʵĸҪȥĶ
ƼЦСʵ̫ɹˣһչĸף˯Ҳû˯ãͷеΣȻȥϢˡ
ε־׼ߡ
ɻû㱻ǿ׳Ļˡ
κᣬʲô˼Ƽüκᡣ
κЦЦ򵥣˵ĸ߲ˣЩҪ
һκ᲻ɫصȥպҲ˵ҰĺãЩʲô£
ƼĸϢˣʲôһ˵װɡ
ţܹ˶һʱҲѲʿΣϾˣû֤û֤տڰģ˭š
-
վκԣκ֣۵ֻ۲ۡ
κ֮ǰ˦һƣĻţۣãˡ
û˵ָģߵαԼ֣ôˣǶ֣һš
˵ˣûã漫Ϊţֹһͬʱźεģȴų⣬һȫ֮˴Ĺȥǰ
ⶼһģﱾǽˣһһյģû˹ܽԼˣҲ֪˭ĵ
-
κῴһԺӵˣŸƼӣҪǾͱˡ
ݴҶѷɡ
һκҪҶ޴Ƽ˲ͻˣæߵκȥָıӾͿʼ㣬ТӣҪĸײɡ
κ֣ĵصĸȱ𼱣˭˭һء
˵ţҶѾ޳˳
޾ܺãһ֯ȹϸںڵĳһ˿ϻһԺ
ز˰ֱҪȥĸҷһ
һκ͸ϽȥκκһЦʺãĸװá
޿ڣƼһ»˵ʼ㣬㣬ô
ôúõģã
޿ƼұҲûװһװӣȻһ֪ǾңѹŮ
˵ĸǣЩӺζκŮΪβԸ
κ޵ҰѵﲡķˣЩһ¡
ĵ¡
Щκκ֪޺κ
κ꣬Ƽͣ޲أκҽȴ޿κΣ׼̫ҽȴڸճʱ˵ʱĴεķ
ֻشҩκޣҲˣڽ磬˵һ仰˵й壬ĸ
ԭΪһ仰ǧôһˣнҥԴףҲѹȥġ
ûϵҥģκΪӱЩĻɴκһ֮
ҵһҪ嵱£Ҫ߽ˣǲأж
¶֮˱շŵãҥԣҲƼӣġ
κʵڶԲסˣСѾͷ
κ΢Цл塣
-
ƼЩָŷɤӺ˵ʲô˭ӣң㡭
㣬һҪңû£ðΪҪ㣬ʿ
Ҳ˹ȥĸҰ˵ûӼʿʿǱģҲǣҲǡ
κߵҲҸӣ÷
ԣûμæڣ˵ǱҵˣǶ֪
ͻȻˣ
ƼǴʶһ㣬ãҲ֪ãҪʲôûдӦ㣿㵱ζͶң˵๫㲻ã㣬㽫ڽ
ΪʲôҪЩ£Сʱ˵ͷӣҲ˵ζһĹɾͺˣЩҲѽŮҰ꣬㵱ҲŻãɴĸŮĹϵȫͲɣ
ƼڽƱ磺˵ѵǵʿԲɣװʹ̵ģû뵽ôܵĹϵȻֲʿļ仰㣬̫ʧˡ
˵꣬ٴε֣ƺûζǻȥȻǶţǾߣˡ
ҡͷ㵽ڻ֪Լ£زǱ¶ҶƽϣֻһΣÿոСĳʳЩʳЩʲôΪҲ֪زΪһϷѡ
˵Ƽסˣ⼸죬⼸һֱװģ˵л㶼ˡ
޵ͷһ
Ƽһ̱ڵϣ૵ܵġ
Ҫ˲֪ǼĪΪ
ƼһֱҡͷţԿʼޣ̾ȥңΪʲôҪôĨʲôôҪݲ
ƼȻ̧ͷޣЩ׺ݣκϽվһƼ˹ȥ˸ա
ܲ˵ش󺰴УȫҪˣֱûʲô޺޵صΪ㣬Ϊκκǽ˳ǧ𣬴һȣҵζͶ̥˶ӣҪӡ
κҴûӹãҼҵĵһ죬Ҵȥ棬Լ˵Ҫ浯ҵ˵Լûи˵õˣһǰˮ˵Ƶģˣҽһ£С
ס죡ƼκĻ֪ʲô˵ǽ˳ǧȥĸףԭ˳ǧ˭
ƼָһͷεԭŮģֵõǧ𣿡
ˣ
Ǹʲôعϣ
-

48

Ƽ⻰һֹκ壬κᶼˣһκ壬ٿһۣ̽ѵã
κɫĪػؿκᣬֵ̯е˵
κ
Ī˵ʲôѽ
ޣϣܸͳԣԼŮĸ
κĿǰǲֻǿһµκ壬ٿһԿ޿ΣãԼŮκ϶û
һ˶ޣôܻи޵Ůأ
κԻڷκû¶ԶŮ
κжòᣬ׼͸˵ԱŲһڵ²ʲôɣ
κҲ֪ǲᡣ
޷ˣ⸸Ůֱˣһٺ˵
Ƽһһã㵽ڼʲôٻԽ
ؿڵϵƼӻ鲻ԸκϲĿĶ鹫ӣ˵κع⣬ҲײУ׻ʣյʱһһͬ˽ˣһ֮ô㲻ܲˣԼ̹ˣֺţЩ̯ܵҪʰ
˶٣ֵСһֱҪĶܲˣûõֻߵõʧȥԹˣã˭ǷʲôƾʲôõĶռ
ڽ֣޷Ǿ˱ٹ⣬һ㣬ٹ֮ģסģҺˣΪڽվȽŲɣ֪
䣬˾̾
ԭôϡ
-
˵ԭƼӻ飬ô˳ĽˣŮǧԹޣǾһԭĶ
ƼϲǸ࣬ûҪɾ°֮󣬴Ů޸Ľ㡣
֮ǰţǽñô㰲࣬Ҳǰ˼ǵ˽˱źӣ㿪ʼвʡ
κˣòǱãǰ㴫ԡ
һӣһѿ
ȻڸУǸﲢûŮˣһ˫Ů£Ӹ̫һڹӼ飬ǰ;ޣＸʮźţдʿլ
Ҫж⡣
ƼĽѣǺϸ룬ӻ飬ļ޸κһУĻķݰ
Ͼѳɶֻ֣뷨ӣ¶ͨʿ޶κų⣬ԼŮûȥ޵Ļġ
еһж˳˳ˮκظƼε·ִѵһ顣
ǧҲû뵽κỹѵǵʿҹˣ޾Ȼȫ̶Ǽװߣ֪ΪʲôЩ»ǰع⡣
Ƽ֪κȴһΣֻص˴ǰ
-
κ˿κˣΪͱݻˡ
ߡκֻһӻ
ʵԭ˽ǱŰȥģҲףü޸ҲԹԣܹҪ˵ġ
һ겻ƼҲ˽ȫ̾ĽӴ
ãһĸͬСʱ͹ϵã֮޸ǴǺãӲԼûẦ
κЩϵûʲô飬ʵ֪ˣǰͬҶףԭ˫ûм棬ֻҪƷԺãȢ˭Ȣ
ԼڸʮֶԲޣ֪ԼҪȢ˱ˣҲûҪȥҵ鷳
κĴ飬ȢҲ߿ãĹϵΪС
ðƻǹϵһĸŮκȻܽܣͬţв˼ݶ֮ˣҪǸϳȥ
޳Ĭһ˲ϸǸϳȥҲûסҪӣ˽˹ϵȣЩҴɡ
κҲû˵ʲôͷӦˡ
-
ƼĸŮӽȥˡ
Ҳû޸ЩӸǣַԸܼһլӣƼĸŮס
һжŵ׵Ҳ߳ƼֻǶζס·ԼѡģͿôȥûǷʲô㲻ϡĶϧҲû˶Բ㣬й
Ƽ۾ˣҲûˣĻȥլǰֵһ䣺Ժ󣬱㲻Ҫˣ

ڰѼЩ½ˣκ⼸쿪ĵﱻϳȥˣҲϲЦտżܹκ˽ҽ㡣
κⲻͦõġ
ƵʲôѽǶˡ
κЦĵʲôҶ˽Ĵˡ
-

49

¡ʮ죬ȣãһƽĸ׺͸綼ߣκӭԼļ
ʢ̫ϴ˼ҵŮΪκͷǣֵġ
κûãǨȥˣޱηߣκȴ뵽¡
ӣºܿͬˡ
˲Ще²ż汸ŮԳϷҲڣηҲˣŮơ
κڹ뷿﷢´ȥ
㣬ôŴ洫
κ島˳£ȥη˵Ů
³ȥ󣬴˽һƣһ¡
һκЦ㼰񣬵㼰֮󣬶򽫾׵ӡ
κҾò̫ܣ浽ڻڴҰء
ʲô費衣µҾ;ͦá
ҲͦáκЦ
˻˵ŻøവƵġ
һʣкóԵ𣿡
գգۣûóԵģҪǰȥԡ
ٵȵȺˡ
κɰҲƵȥʲôԵģ˹һЩ
Ӧȥ
޺ָκױ˲Σκ岻õҲ٣ƴױƣ淭ҵһСӡ
ԼһÿģҲûκҲûҪϲܾóư֣ɴ͸ˡ
ƻͦɵģ˱˶Цĵлл㡣
κͷлѽ
͵͵κ壺ŻûãûرĹѽ
κ㶵ûС
ʵһֲú½
µϴμҸ˰ɣ˲ġ
κ۵˼ǣߣ
µͷκֵڲڸٴһټҲҲ̫˰ɡ
أңԼأ£
²˼Цѽ֪ѽϲȥҼס
ʵºκֻͬ꣬Ǵ·ݣڶ´ĩʱеļʱκκҲʶ
˵ر鷳ĸȡ֡ɲɡϲɲɡ
˵Ҿֺѽº
أ㸸ĸΪȡʲô֣ʵ
κ룬Ӧǡ֡
ʲô𣿡ʡ
κҡͷҲ֪κС֣ȡ˵ģκ壬ȡ֡κᣬȡ֡Ԩ
һûһЩ뷿ǱƼҴҹ϶һӸ㣬ƿˣϽ˹ȥֻӶһ
κȻҲƼƼҴҵģʵƣôˣ
ƹոȥóԵģǰԺѾߣ˵˶Ǹͷ˵ģ͸ġ
κ΢΢ü֪˭͵𣿡
˵ǻʺ
κ¶һۣĪһѣлʺͶ⣬ʲô˼
ɻ꣬ǰԺ˹Ҫʼˣ׼
ȸŴȥǰԺκ廻ѳϯ
-
˻٣κûȥϸʵǺܷģΪߣȻΪκᷢ
κݹĸ֮·Ÿ׺ĸ׶ѵʣڶεļ
һ˭ǲˣҪҲûն࣬ȴЩͬкˣߣϯţЦĿܹǰͬһΣӦöĶףɡ
ʵκ岻֪ôиԭ򣬻ʺһ
ʲôأ
κļȲ˵ʺôֻ֪˵ļҵŮ񣬻ʺͶ˹ˡ
޴Уװŵһ֧˿ϵ̵һֻķˣ˲üֽĶݸκ
κҲһ£ô£Ҳֻ֪ںͻͷϲܼúõһ֧ʲô
κйˣʱȥ⡣
¸κͷһԵ֧ӣκŨ˿
κٴΰݹĸκ޸ȡ֡ʲô˼κͲˣС֣κ壬κ
йҾ֮󣬱ȥǳˡ
ֻǿϧκղڸµһεǸȻûκᣬʵڿϧ
-
ϣκڻظްȥ˳
κ·ûüΪʲôҪ£Ͻȥ·κ
κýռɻ˳
κͷͦ˳ģǸ粻ڡ
κ᲻˼صЩ춼æտѽʱ֬ģ͸һУ㿴ϲϲ
һС֬ӻͦ־ģɫĸӣӡһ俪òõĺ컨κ򿪿˿ŵ֬ĵ㡣
ϲκ彫֬սҵģá
һȥκ߱ʣͻȻȥ֪ʲô𣿡
κҡͷҲ֪ѽȵ˰Ȼ˵ġ
κ޶ڣκ͸һȥκ
£Ҷ˲ˮȥˡ
κѽ»ʺʹ͸κ֧˿óκռ»ʺʹģǸõġ
κ·ҲԶȻ˸ŵĶʲô˼
κһأΪʲô»ʺͻȻʹͶȷ˵͸
κ忴ӣҲһ£ҲףȻǰ޸Σǻʺ֮ǰȴʹ͹
ΨһһΣҲֻ޸εĵڶ죬δȥʺ밲ʺЦŽϴŵӴϡ
ֻΪ죬κ»ʺ󾭳Լͷϵһ֧ӡ
һ»ʺʱ֧ӣ֪ʲô壬ҲʹӦǼΪҪ֧ת־ͱʺʹ͸Լ
κɫãȻؿκᡣ
ϵ̵ֻˣעڣͼڳ˵ۺ󼰹лӻ֮⣬дƽգǲ׼˽õģͻȻֲ֧ͷϴ
ѲҪκӻȻҲûǸȥѽ
ȵȣ
ʲôԡ
ֻлʼ˲ǻʺ͵ģʺЩһֱڸ̫ɫ̫ѵ
κɫĪؿһκ壬һʲôҲģ̾˿
-

50

Ҳ֪ø˻ġ
ΪֳκʵǲԸü޽ʹģֱκ˶ãβޣҲס
κǲַ̫һ˲ޣ߷һ˲ȢĸоĿǰûԼĵĹңҪ˵˼һϣãûˡ
Ȼֳõİ
û֨κκ᣺⼸ո̫ӣ̫û˵ʲô
κҡͷûаֻ֪»ʺڸ̫ɫ̫
˵ƽⲻ֪ȴ硣
ʵӿӵʱκĲ²⣬ֻǻʺû˵Ȼֵܱ̫ˡ
κ޶һۣƽˣû£ǻȥɡ
ĻҲû˵ˣҲ֪ʲô˼ʹͶҲ˵ԭǲȥɴ಻ˣŶڸϢ
ߺްźѾǶȥţͬκʺǼ񱾾֣⻹ָ֧ѡ̫ɣ
κ˿ڲˮ̫ӲҲǵ޸̫ӣҲϡ
Ϳ޺ݺݾκһ£Ȳ۰ԸԸ⣬㵱ǻʹǸʲôõطɣ
ûãǰǸڱ߹Ұ˵ģʹɭϣȥܿ˵ˣǲָ̫һһԴãΪ̫ӣֻܲȢһŮΪްɡ
Ϊ˵ĶЩ˽ܻҲȥˣޱ㲻ܲ˵ضκ㿴ʥϣ»ʺȻʴͻ飬ʱҲǼһԣأ˻ʵۣɲϣʺֱӾ
޸ҲûôãҵԸŮһƽ˼ңͰ㣬ǸǼ޵ңί˭ȥƽ
κ޵ĻЦ˼ˣһ֧ӣ̫Զˡ
޵˼պʹԨţûкʵ˼ңһ¡
κ
ʵûҪٹһκҲôԼǸӣ޵˼ȥһѧûôȥһĸء
κû˵־һѣκֻõ˺ˣҼסˣ˼ˣϢɡ

ֻ³㲻㣬һŵκ弰֮ҪһŵԵĺ£ڶ죬ָ˹˵»ʺ뽫Ůȥ˵˵
ʱκҲڣ˶κĪʵʲôʲô
޵ʲô֪
κˣ֣ʲô֪
С̫ϸɤˣκ׼ɡ
κῴһԱվŵѾߣȥԷѹ˵¡
ѾӦȥκǰȥ̫Ӹպ»ʺ̫ţǻ»ʺͶκ˵пմκȥ˵˵κᲢûе棬ʺ˹ˣô˵е㲻̫ãԣκȻҲõֻܷԸѾ߿ȥˡ
ԭͬκһȥֻǴС̫ȷ˵ˣʺֻκ˵˵û£õġ
ֻ÷
ϾʺǸ¡صĳϣԸȥκѾ߳ٳδ飬޲ż
ǴС̫˾ռƵģվһԹԹɲ˵ҲûвͷͰ֮ɫ
ţԼֻ˵˵ɣƫɽκҲȥ̫Ӹ޵׻Щġ
ɫãɵ죬Щȣκ建٣Ƹһͷһ˿ױɫѻȹȹƮݣƮƮɣ仹˺ɺ
֮Ƶ˼ǣʺҪƯƯģκ岻Żãʩ죬绪ï䣬ÿŵĻƯױҲ޷˭ϲƯƯİ
Ѿʱκ𲻾ãױ绨˵ʱ䣬ᵽǰһ˶ԼĺúõģЩ
ѵĻǵѣκ֣ĳصڸض࣬м˵ǣʺҪ㣬ңע˵ˣԷ
κ壺
ôøƵġ
κ֪ģһĻ
С̫һ۹۱ǣǹģκһ뷨ȥʺѣֲȥˮޡ
-
ֱ˽ӣκѾͷҲˡ
Լһ֮󣬽ͣ˹ſڣС̫๪κ½ΣκǫѷصллС
С̫Щ˼ӦǸãЩκūСӾС
Сӹ
СӵͷӦһ
-
κһζȥ»ʺǰʱٴˣһʱЩĻţû˸ţһоûС
Ҳ֪ʺܺã˺ҲǻΣӱˣ֮ʲôġ
Сӹκ֮ȥŮκκκԼȥɡ
κ΢΢ͷл
գͷʵǺȵģǽǹճȸоɢȥˣһ⣬ر
ߣͿ»ʺ󣬴ʱ֧ͷڹϱĿۣκ壬ӹˡ
Ůμʺ𰲡κ
»ʺ䴽Цһ£񡣡
κ壬ЦⲻǶΪ⣬Ϊ֮Ů
κ壺
ﲻò
»ʺȴûм⣬ֻǵ
κһԵĻľϣ£ʺһˮκϽ˫ֽӹӣܳллŮԼͺá
Ҳ֪»ʺҪ˵ʲôŮȥˡ
κŰССںˮŻʺȻʵκ̫Σ
κصһܺܺúܺõˡ
ڰ˼費֪Ļޣ֦ȴצƻ⻨С
»ʺż׼޼֦Цһͷһ˵̫Ǻˣϡ档
֪⻰ʲô˼κɴ಻𣬾ؿŻʺ޼֦
֦޼»ʺʵƣÿô
κսȥÿղ
أκ»ʺκ塣
κŮţֻ衣
黭᲻᣿
ᣬŮϲκֱ˻ϲԶһԼϲ£Ůϲ裬Ҫ𣿡
κ˵Щʱ򲻱ţЩ棬һ̣»ʺƺϿԼʱӰӡ
ŵڣ̫ѧѧʿȺ飬ҲŶĿȾϲоʫ飬ϲԶ֮ΪģѧԼϲĶ
ԶʱǸӣ޸ˣǰһиʲʵģϲϲ㣬ϲǱ΢ٶ໻ǲмһˡ
ƫƫаԽԽ£ԸԳõȻʴͻ飬Ҳ˼еɾµӣֻӰ֮ǰеͷҲһֱͷȥԺԶìܽֱӱɣԶϲʲôƫҪ˵ʲô
ǰĶ·ƣ˸ı˭Ҳ˭Զǻñλһһ
Ǹʵģؼ͡
»ʺɴģֱӾ밲Ҳˣ۲Ϊ
ֻ񿴵һʮС˵һԼϲ£ԼľͺãԵʲôҪˡʱ»ʺȻͨˣʵûҪȥΪһ˸ıԼԼһ㡣
ԭͺ㣬ֻΪԶһԹ
ҺڱСͨȻ֪ҪõţǼء
κЦаñһĲ衣
֪ǲǴκʱĻʺСӣõ˱صСӣ鶯
-
ʲôУκ͵ȡģʺһԿϴ衢ݲ衢ˮʮʵκܾʺڶУŰããĴѩůغһԼĲ衣
ζ嵭ڣͺЩ¡
ʺһֱκ壬µĹһ飬ŵǹ⣬ҫۼˡ
ɫ̫ûһԼģЩ֮ŮǰķУԼ̫ӿеޣǰأ档
κ壺κǵҹӣΪǴͻ顣
κ˶٣ͷл⣬Ů֮ˡ
ʺЦʣŶ˭ҵĹӣ
κֱͣߵĶ̧ͷ»ʺƽص̫ӡ
һʱЩ΢κҲ˵ʺûʲôӦǰ֪ôش𣬻ʺ̫ϲĹ̫̫ˣκֵΣ
κ嵭ã㣬Щ˶ȥң֮ңҡ
̫κһв׷ô
Ǳ㡭ףҸɡκ
һеİսȴһУ»ʺ˵ģ̫Ļף˳ͺˣǰζƫ̻վǰ֮һʼûǰϲ
κҲͷȥ˺ĸһֻڹ￴ڹ꣬һۣȥš
ǰǰײͷѪһС࣬ȻϲεģһϲԵǱһԵκź֮ʱҲף
»ʺû˵ֻ΢Цһۣ룬̫ѡ˰ɡ
˾͸ûȥģǰ»ʺһֱκ壬ͦϲСģо˶Ҫ᲻٣մʵģκпգߣϲͬ˵
κ΢Цл񰮡
-
κߺְˣ»ʺ濴һۣɣ˶ˡ
Ŵ󻺻֥߳ӰϹŵЦ⣬ںڳγβ»ʺһ֪⺢ͦõġ
»ʺ̫Ͷκҹûɡ
εĸǡ
»ʺߣӦʹ죬ǰѡЩ֮Ů㿴һۡ
ֻ΢Ц˵
ʺֵ˵һЩµģ̫ǿпޣô⼸պȻκҹΪģ˼Ҽ㻹ĸ˼һֻΪβԼͣ
òס
ĸκҹҲôĵģ˵ĸ
ʺҲǸ֮ˡ
룬ܾǷǵѡһ̫κκ㲻ŮӱȻϲ
ҲûϲĹﰡ»ʺ롣
һμ棬κ˵ʶһλˣѹΪϲ˺Լ񣬲֪ΪΣĶ£ڶΣС֪֮ʲôίֹסĿޣξۣ˷οޣΣ˵ҪһƽĴΣ£˲СƵһţϽס
ȥ֮ǰڸЩĻЩ˶һκãԸˡ
ҲֻĴΣȴܾòͺ֮һα˵ļ䡣

¡һ
ļ࣬˵ŮҴܽ˺ô꣬κûɡ°ɣ
»ʺûüԸ˳ȥȻ첽ȥץ˰ɡֱӳĻ
κߵÿ죬ʱѾ쵽ſˣСܼһ±ꡣ
߲ˣȣѹĶҪ꼸֣굹ǺõдЩ磬ȸкܿɢˣŵϢ
ºڹżżҲãֲܽȥֻţֻŹﲻҪ˲źá
ʪ뵵ˮڶϣԶһƬģµĴҼҲ˶þͻͣ
κ£ȥµΣˮ˳Ө׵»֪ʪ˴룬˿⣬ˮòֱֺ
һɡסͷ̧꣬ͷȥγһϺõֽɡǽڷָڰ覵ɡϣκ循һ£˼ص£
ûʵû뵽ȻΡ
οҡ
κգգۣգգۣջһ㣬µԱɣꡣ
ιɡһȻѧκԱһס
κɵˣĵע㰡̫ˡ
껹һֱ£εڶκ˵һ䣺ûܵꡣ
Сˣʵ˵Ůô
οһۣˣѽҺκûܵꡣ
ƽμ٣Ҳദᣬ˿̽˶ͬһһһشŻ
κŮմ͵ѲɵµʱҲ
ζ˶٣Ȼͷڵġ
κһ˲ʵֻʣû뵽ǡ
ǳŮʺ̸Ҳˣ
ţˡ
κʺ˵
ش𣺡ޡ
κǵ¾óŮΡ
á
κЦŮٴһʣǵѡ̫Ůлᡣ
ζĿκ壬Ī
лл
лʺϵֻһˡε
ʼռǵýŮ˫һһҪ͸һƽӵƽƽ̫ӵһ˳졣
Ǹʱη·һͣ˵ˣϲϲȢɣĺϲ
-

51

κָͣڵϻȦȻ껹ûͣʱز˼ңܿġ
ε֪ŮЩʲô𣿡
˼һ룬ʲôʱ޸
κЦҡͷǣŮ룬ڵȵˣܿġ
⻰˵ûб˼κԼĸܣҺԼûкδӲĴ仰Щᡣ
ֻýκĻҲܿġ
ƽС̫Ʋ㣬ϡϡЩվȻֵݸκ壬Ҫͣˣɡ
κذַסָ⣬ӵ
κͣΪ׵̫ãˣһûվȱֱˡ
ΰĵӣκȵȣˡ
ƫƧҲҺ꣬ĹǶȥˣ̫ӵºһİŮ§§ľԲû˿
ҪǱ˿ˣֵָôʲôģˣϾ̫ӵĹô꣬źŮ̶ûУⶸȻָұ̫ӻܾģֱϡ
ָҲͣˣκԼվȣε֣ͣˡ
šο˿Լ֣еġ
κǳŮȻȥˡ
εȥ
ڹأҲعɡ
ûĻɸκκǰܾò̫ڣͣΡ
ͣκȻЦæȥκ֣лᣬһתһתʹ
ǵһôȥһ֣Щڣκͷܿ΢Ķ⣬˵ʱе㲻˼ˡ
κػסε֣һ֣á
βϲ˵ʱ侲ǣòϲ˵ʱ˶ò˵һ䣬һ䡣
ԹԵģﻹǰ̫ѽСһ
ɷϣκϲ̫ӡ
һϵˣǰһһúϧ
εůʣκֱţůһֱʵġ
ǣֲУſڣƼԼҹˣȥӭסˣµȥʲô֣û̫ôȻٹȥ
֮ʹ£θκձߵϸʵܾǺܶܶΣȷ꿪ʼͳֻĴΡ
κʮֲҪصǵ¾͵ǰԵְɣһһκԵ£Һúϧ㣬ҲһҪúϧѽ
εȻúϧ

ͻʥּڵڶģǸе̫ġ
һ֮κ㹻ʱ׼ƸӸʥּһ𽻸κ
һ˹½ӹʥּȻߵͷл
ָ̫ŸĻǣһһƸԺ㡣
޿Ŀ࣬Ƹ̫ˣĿʮ̨ƸдżҾߣѣһӦȫϽԸҶȥѹеǰ
̫һĻиϲţϲŴŴſϲۿɼһ˫ԧϷˮͼ
ϲŶ޵ϲˣϲǧôԵ
޼ֱϲŵĻǰźκ˵£ϣŮ޽ʼң֧һֱҪ汻ʼҿ˲źãŹ죬ͻʥּƸȫ׼ˡ
ҿƸҲ˲ʱ׼
ް˼⣬̫ӾԼŮһ㣿
޲˵ϲֵ֮ǰʺﻹѹúͷ˵һŮ·渮ﲻ׼ˣһð죬ֻҪǧĳߴݹɡ
ޣ
Ŷˣǧİ
޵κǵ࣬κԼվһ飬ĬĬؿƸһһ̧
κкθ룿
κֻҪԸ⣬ΪֳȻף
κͷʵ̫ͦӵġ
κţλӣ̫Ȼʤһ
κһޣĸ׿϶ܽܣһȥ͡
ǣκᰧΪʲôңӦȥ𣬸ҡ
ô꣬˭ȥɡ
أôȥ˵
κ˼ģô˵ȥ
໣ġκԼԴˡ
-
ߣκ屻ҶǰʱƸû꣬κվԲͣ˵ЩʲôϧһҲ
κȥԹɵص
ϲżκˣæϲ̫̫øѽ
κ˵ͷǫѷصˡ
಻࣬Ϊ̫Ӱ£Ȼ߾ܡ
ϲſκ壬һĿ佱ðʲô־˶֮ˣѩòȵȣκ弦ƤˣԼǲ·
ԽԽԶû߶ˣκϽϣȥæɣҺͰ˵Щ
á

κȥ˳޵䣬Ů𣿡
ʵһģӹʹʺ˵ЩʲôκֻЩҳѡ
˵κҲʵû뵽ͻʥּµô졣
ǰҪȢԼۺ˻ôͬ⣬ʱκŴ󽫾ְԶò¼ɣκ޸̫Ӻκһǰλ
ԶӦɣʺ󲻴Ӧκ벻ˣ޸ˣʺҲûر
޲κֻԹԵŮǳޣ㻹ңҿҪˡ

κѵ÷ɤģϾԼŮҲһֱȥ㻹֪ﰡ綼֪ˣ㲻˵
κһԲ֨ʾԼʲôҲûκͰú˵ģû뵽ּµô죬Ƹ׼ˡ
޵ײģ˵ʵԸ޸̫ӣҪ֪̫ԺҪʵ۵ģ޹ȥ㵱ɱһϧ˻ʵ֮أɲϣӣദ
ͦõѽûʲô⡣κһԲ廰
Եһۡ
κЦģ̫Ӳģ˵Ļ
ģûвԸ⣬̫ӺܺãϲҲϲҡ
޵ˣ׿ں˵ϲˣͷԣ
κ룬һص´μ̫
δ䣬ѾߴҴҹˣ̫ӣ̫Ҫ
κڵɵϽõ½
ֹ֣κҲ֣벻Ϊʲôʱ̫ӵˡ
ûü룬̫Ȼ˸Ƽκ޶ڣ΢Цκˡ
κֵ¡
޸ϽԸѾȥ裬κʵ£ôˣ
εи˸㡣
κʲôѽ»Թñһ²ˡ
ЦУһҪԽϡ
˵ôأһ˶أκùֲ˼ġ
ܹ˻飬κҲûôǣֻε־ԺȥѾ߶˲ˮκȲˣҲԺȡ
һ˿ˣ֪Ǹʲôκǲ˼飬ĵеˣӲãҪˡ
-

52

κֱӽ˷ԷѾͷſڣֱ̫ûȥԾ߿ˡ
ݣκεˮȻ£ЩƸʲôʱ׼ģ˵ʵ
Ƹ񽫽ʮ̨ôҲһҹ֮룬һˮκ壬κ֮Ϳʼ׼ˣЩæΪ֪ĳߴ磬ԻûüǴʮ̨Ƹ񣬴ͻּ̫ʣµʮ̨ɻļױ
κ壺
ҽԭ㡣δӻóһϺõ֬Ƴɵ
ĸ˵ԭһԵģͬһ֬ģģʵСɿɰҪһ͸㡣
Ƴ˵׹ģú˾µ·ſ֣ġ
ϲ𣿡
κаٸнʵΪ˸
ţҪһ㡣
ͶԵɣ
ֱ׳صǣǱҪģˡ
˼˵չҪΪ˼κһ棬ֻ˳ѡ
κĿ͵ؿΣ¶ôãôѽ
εš룬ǾһֱߺúñҰɡ
˵ž̲סЦͺÿݣһۺ飬Ц־Ķǵ
κҲЦĵѽ
࣬αûʲôӣ̫ӵݣǰԳơٲˣ˽κһ͸ĿˣκȻҲСϸڣҲŸĿˡ
-
һһ൱ڶˣαҪκڲϣκʱûͬ⡣
ʵ鷢չҲ죬ǲ㴰ֽͱ֮󣬾ûʲôˣʥּˣ˭֪˸̫
ȻҲϢͨգ֪͸͸ģǻκİѾعˣĳߴҲϲȥˣƸǰ˶ȥˣŽһ˴۵Сۡ
ѾִҴˣˡ
˭޵
⻹Ϻʱˡ
Ѿߵϡ
Ϲɡ
κ᲻⣬ʵϹ˭
޵õʱǰߡ
Ŷ
ѾֱӰ´ȥκ壬κ廹ڿ
ʱϽô
¼ææģһȸԼ˱ˮͷ˹ˡˮȾŵң˵Ҫ޸̫ˣļٵģ
κͷġ
ҲΰɣôһӾͱ̫أ
κûΡ
㼰Źð
ţǵʱʹңû֮ˣ˵ûУʵеģǸʱȷҲ˵ҳ룬ڱ֮ˣǸ̫ӣһֱ޸ģԸ
˫ۿκ壬ô˵أֻǸʱ֪ŸҸǣߵģҺûš
κҲϲ˵ģǰҺþãҪ˻ȥһ
ʲôĪģҲûֻЩԹص̫᲻˰ɡ
κúЦʵΪʲô뷨
µԺ̫̫ӵǻ˻ʵۣȻǻʺˣһܾȥô
Եġ
̾һĵû뵽СȻȳޣ˵Ӷһ֮󣿡
κҲԵġ
µ翪ϰɣҹʮ꣬ûϣĻҾҸ׵İţܹҪ˵ģ˭ǼޣҸ׶ȻΪѰһźµġ
Сڹ뷿˺һŮ£ǶƸУһ£ҲҪࡣ

ظģκȥģԭǣ·
κ˹ˣʱô֪·ȥ·Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ֱӷԸļͻȥκǲãǵͣദƵġ
κֲãֻõԸԻϹؼҡ
-
⼸գ̫Ӹͽеæ˭Ҳ벻ǧѡ̫֮λȻ˽
һʱ֮䣬ԸϲΧˮйͨκޱۣƽҲûôЩ˸ж죬̫ѡһȫ֡
ʵܲˣɴл͡
κĸϸ̸һǻʵ۴ͻ飬Ȼּ̫ܿӰ˽̫Ϊˣ̫κͶԼ̫Ӷκӡ
ԣ΢ķҲѹȥˣʵֻǹĺӣһ£ǰܾöκ̫̣Դ˴αҲ˳⡣
ԭҪŮ׼κ岻زģ˫̫Ӹȫʱʺõ¡
κڸֿʼϰ壬ѧ棬幤ǰҪ̫̫ˣָᱻƷ˷ǻݻǶ
-
ʮκȥס졣
κÿոŴʦһիСʦɨͥԺʦ꾭ȥϢ
һԵϹ˺첼첼дӡ˫
κҲԣ˺첼ԼεдȥȻһ첼߸߷ʱߵ֦ϡ
ǳģߵʱ򾭳Ĵʦ˸ƽȥ
ظһգκĵһ¾ǽòƽõĺɰ
ɰƽһЩİ棬ƽľõģ̫Ҳͦģκ嵣ҹ˯þ
ɰԧ죬κϰ˺ܾõģȻɲôƯʱȣѾþȫõĳƷ
վҪȥʺκ׼հɰ͸Ρ
-
ҹ˷磬ȥȣκ彥˯ڴϣ
Ļ£ʪϵİȾѪǰİϷһơ
֮˻ʵۣǰ̫Ȼ̫ܶվǻӵܣȻƽһʷҲδйĸӵܱԿͷ̣֣֮֮֮δһơ
˵ʹ̫ͣߵ档
λӣԾ̫ӹϵϺõĶ±뾩ǧ֮⡣
κ¶֮ǰؿһκ壬κ˫ĺɫͫ￴ԼʧҲ˫۾ڴؿЦ˵԰ĻˣҴȥɡ
κԼ˵Ҳȥ
֪ÿնȥ͵͵ȥܣܺãû£˸Ҷá
κ±֣صй𣬵£
һ׮׮һֱ֮乬˻ʵۣǬ̫ӱɡ
ôһˣκ̲סۿͨ죬˵ҲҰʲôʱҲֵ˼ϰ
κվ￴ţֱһΣ˵ҴˣҴˣ£ԭңĴˣҰ㣬Ұ㰡
˵ٶ࣬ҲֱӴεϴȥͷȾǱƣǰԳ˵һ䣺գȥģ㣬Ҳ㶯ġ
ͷһζİһѣϧûн룬ԼòãȻΪʲôκϲȶϲأʼղֹκ

κʱ컹ûѾͣˣҹӴͷõĺɰںɰһǣȻֲ̧˲۽ѾɺԵۣɰİ㣬ţҲԺиﲻϵĸԼΣΣ¡
-

53

峿ġ
ҹ꣬ȴ̫Щˮеĳʪζ¹֮峿ˬģûȣƢΧ
κѵ磬ƶˮֹѾ˴
ףû˯𣬽ѵô磿
ţЩֵֹΣ΢˯ˡκ
֪κҪȥ»ʺѾ׼ˣֻϴϾͿԳˡ
-
ԴӴͻʥּˣﶼ࣬κԵĸоõ˴ν֮һҪעĿöࡣ
δ̫ͷΣҲ׵ö࣬ҲҪرע⣬в̤˿Ц
ȥͨ˺ܿͻκȥʺϴκǸС·
κǵСӹ
Сӹκˣūʹȥ
һһľκ嶼ʹȥȥǽߣյеĲӴӸ߸ߵĹǽԹΡʳ£Ľƫڵڴˣ԰ĻҶá
λڣҲúõĻţԣʲôأ
룺ֻҪҾʲô¡
̯ƣʢĹ⣬Щһֱѹĵ׵ĲҲóô˻ȫ
κţǱ㲻Ծع˵Ц⡣
ȴ;԰ʱ˶¡
Сͣӵ¡
֮ӣʵ֣ƽҲӺ̫ӹϵϺá桵ƽûҲȥ̫Ӹתơ
µеСӣùͷʲô¶棬ǹͷϣһͳܡ
κǰ̫Ӹ£ºе㲻ϲʱʱɫЩκҲ
£ǵһμǻӣеٲˣκ΢΢Ƿӡ
κ壬ǧ𣿡ʵԵӡ
κκȻ˵Ϊκ
ºϲĹͲ࣬˵ǵƫ
κĻö࣬㶼Ĭ˰ӡ
κ岻ǳŮ
һѰȣʱ˵ʵҲǸ湫ӣϾλӣò
Сӣʺżκأ
¶·ߣκֻõ鷳ø·
ºȻЦ벻ͨôѡ̫
κ̧ͷֱ£΢Ц벻ͨôӲȥ̫ӵ£̫һԸΪ𡣡
ͽᰢķе˶࣬Ϊӣݲ̫ܵĳ谮ȶ࣬ϾռŻӵͷ˵ʲôӦʲôƵġ
µ㣬лָ͵ɪ
κŶ
ӣϱˣ˼ңؼСߣ˶ֻżңʵǲġ
£
ءߡһκһʧˣȥ̫ӣв
·κ󷽷ش߹ȴû뵽׼͸̫ӵĺɰСĵڵϣպñ¿ˡ
һѼҿʲôҲ̫˰ɡȻͿʼŶЦ
κԾѾĺܲˣҪ͸εģЦŭֱӵң
°ѺɰǲȥЦߵĵͼԼİɣֻѼȥҲǸˡ
˵ң
ǲܰѱô
СһԼò֪ôźãﲻˣ룬ֻȥȱ
ѽ㲻ǽŮ𣬴Ӧúаɣбѽ¼
κ˱ۣȭͷ˿ƽٴοڵһΣѶҡ

޿̣̣
ȥģ
£
ոաǲˣ
ֹ㣬һҪ㡣κ弸ǰһŷ߹ȥֱӰߵڵء
Իֻ֮ȥǴ׺˵㣬ϴ˳޺佣ŻʱʲôһɣôҲûŽջ¡
ؿڵϣһţôҲ벻ȻĶˣ۾ŭ˰˰
ûüӵκѾȥֱӾס죬ѶңȻҶ㲻ʶ·ӸոҲ˵ˣ̫ӳҲ£ҵġ
κ֮Ըô󵨣һ԰ʱûˣ֪²ûϰ䣬ǣˣ
ʵûƣһСĹвҪҪˣʱˣģκ徾죬
ǣֻõУ㣬һɰ˭ϡ
κһֻ֣ҡ
¿˿Լ֣ݣ벻ͨôɿȱվ֮͸㡣
κˣɿ֣´ӵվ󣬹Цһ£Ҫ𣬻㣡
δ䣬ɰѾӽ԰ˮ
Ҫ
ϧѾˣɰˮ
֣νصѽǸֻˡ
κʱû˼ȫעˮлδ³ĺɰϣţԼڴ˸ᣬ˵׼
һɰ͸ˮͻȥɰҪƽ
Ѿ׼ˣȴסˣͷһסüվ
ʣʲô
ûϸôκ
ʲôҪˮ㰡
κ壺
׼ˮ
ְסˣʲô°㡣
ã
ҪȥǸɰָָ뻹ˮ渡ŵĺɰǸȥɣ͡
ϵںɰϵѾˮˮˮһ趯ֻǴɰ
ȿ£㶪ģ
֣ЦöӣСֻһ¶ѡ
κļҪ²ˮֻܵȣɿңҪ͸µģɿɿ
˵ü񻹴˵΢΢Ŀǻ
˵Ұ񣡡ʮǿӲصȻκͿһŰվڰ߿Ϸ¸ߵˮȥˣţٴζκţһ
ͨһ
ӶţκȻԹۣæܳȥˡ
֮԰ʵֻƽﾫŪЩĻݲݵĻǻ֮⣬ҪӰӣֱ졣
-

54

Ҳûܼ԰ߣе죬Сӹ󼱴ҴҵĸţͣĨǵĺ
κ£ôˣ
ο첽ߵκߣҿ˿ʵû°ɣأ
û£ǶӺӿܻе¡
οκ䱻˸ֱϣǸȻѯʣǲΪˣ
κҪ࣬վǰҲŸյؿλãûлε仰ֻ΢ͷε۾Ҵ
С۾סͣҺ˲Ļ
δκ壬΢ЦúãҸ֡
˵վȥκ֣κҲԼַడ࣬ƽصʵýߵġ
Ҫ
κǵ£ڿܵ취ˣ˻ء
Сӣκ㣬λӶ߽ˣ
κͷСûŶԼġ
εȥɡ
κֽ԰ȥ֮Ѿӳˣˮߵκǰվſ֣Ǹԧĺɰ
κнӹɰһʱЩӣôҲ뵽ȾȻȥɰ˶٣лл
ؿһۣȻ˵֣ȥ·
ε˵ͷȥɣ
·ϣκѾ仰ν͹λΪλλ¶֡
ֻͷƽص֪ˣǱ㣬ȻΪУԣ¸ôûд𡣡
ȵĻκˣˮˮ̫ӣͬȻûʲôģҰĵ֮Ȳ̵ӣʵһֱĻλϧ֮ĶӣСþͲɣɳ谮ȴӲһӡ
⸱įӣЩϰߡ
ӡ
Ȼͷκ壬û
κ
ȵءߡһûɻأһģһĻ
˰ԼĿڣе㲻ġ
-
µİ͸粻ֲһܲ˲κκڰϿϷæȣ֣֣죬ȾѽܿҪ
ˮʵκվҲֻ䣬ο£¿ɱκҪߵö࣬ȥûˮͲ
СҲǼöţ̫ûҶ
΢΢֣
ˮŰֵݹȥס֮˵ˮ
˰ξͰˣκϴ״Ͻóβ˲ϵˮ
εصǾ̫ˣȲˮ
¸մˮϰϵĻʪܵϣ䲻˦˦ˮ䣬ԹصУ֣㲻֪
ָκܣý߳ܣ֣ôȢһﰡ̫òˡ
εܺãѡӣȻﶼãòΪǵˡ
µˣˣֱ
ιЦ£ȴ˵㲻׾⣬ǱҪ˵ģԺκɩˣ֮дȣҲȥ㣬ôõһˣ˵ж֣Һκ˿Ȼͱ߳ˡ
סĹ»δڣĿǰסڳδǨȥס
ֵӣȻزסǱ㳤¾Լܻ衣
Ƿˣûôƫĵģ·޷޵صһң˰
Ŷ𣿡
У
δЦ΢ЦǸЩС鷳ˣӻس¡
£
ǰκ巭˸ۡ
κһ¡
¿
κ΢΢ǷܱǸ˱ǲԵģŮǸԺͲҪٺͳŮЦˣʵǣЦ
ʵԼҲ֪ѾοΪһӣĸͷһαᣬ϶ǲˬġ
˿̣κָǸ϶Ҫ˳̨£պΣϾԺټ͵øĿڽлɩˣôƫԼìܣⲻֿ
֮°˰֣ʮصˣԭˣʵҲдȣšǸ
Ǹ֣ģ˵Ҳ˽ӻϽߡ
-
˶߾֮ΰκ§סʵΪʲôҪǸ
úõģȻαסκؿϣգգۣ˺һŵŶҾǾǻӣֵܣͲԣȻոһֱƫ̻ңܾû֮ңҪǳ˺ջˮ
룬ֲǻӣûаһģǵǸɣպ鷳
κͷֱ׵صһ䣺ðѽ
κһ죬컯յģ˵⻰ҲϽ֪ˣ˵ˣ֪ˡ
˻κֵո˵ҳԲŸ£Ϊҳ𣿡
һκϸ䣬ֳ
κ壺
²ҵ˼ͷϿ뿴ôһװɵ
θպõͷһǱĵĴߣָܵоеëǣеΪû׼˶ˣ
κϽƿΣǵͨ죬˵ʼ᣺㣬㣬ҡ
Ҹ죬Ҳ֪˵ʲô֣ʲôûƵĵ߰ɣһȥĸ󡣡
κ塰ߡһǹԹԵǣߡ
ߵһ룬Ǹˮƽκſ֣ЩϧصϧƽҺòײģ˺ɰװ棬
ε˵Ҫ͸ҵǸƽ
ţǵġκ˵ʵɰѲѿ
ùɰ˿ЩգȻҪЩû취Ұأƫƫϲ֣Ȼ͸ˣǾͲڣˡ
з紵һس⣬صˮ΢ƺԼԼ̸
εҶҪˣȻ
κ˵ĳе㻳ɡ

õЦԺеƫ㣬벻ң˭Ҳ׼۸㡣
ҲŲš
Ǿ󿴰ɣģ
ֲһ䣬ʵϲøݣøݣ˭㲻ģ㲻ľǴ
-

55  

ŻʺЩҳ̫ӸµҪֱˡ
ظʱ˺ڵȡ
κҿ˿·ϵĹǶشܿˡ
ˣȷԸһȻû˹֡
ͷܸߣ·Ҳ֪˶á
ϵѾˣǳɫģð˻ͼһüĿĿ˵ģ
κŵЦ⣬Ŀƽ͵
ȺȻȵȡ
κͣͷ£
üǰĲ
˵ЦˣŮ겻ã˹ǴΣʵԵü¡
ǵֹһΡ
κǵ¼һǱˣҲξʵŪˡ
ܣ
κ΢Цؿȣ˵
ȴԼĿƺЩȻܷ꣬ͷص˵Ҫ޸̫ˡ
жʮ졣κ
ߵ㵹Ǽǵ޸̫ӣܸ˰ɡ
κͷܿġ
ǰĲ𣬱乬硭
ûУŮǰʶ¡κ£Ůˡ
Ƚ˵Щʲôȴա
κתͷҲصһһǰߣں溰һκ
ˣǲûлشҲûлͷȥǲͷġ

ӣκֻܾصιȢͺãҲææŸ׼ױµʱ˵κ徲һֱ˵
̫Ӹ֪æЩʲôκնҹŻûͳ
ʱܶ£һһʱ򣬱λڸûüΡ
һǰ࣬Ҳǰˣʱʲôǲ֪ģκҲ˵Щ£Ϊһȸע
ϡǵã֮ʱ乬ԭʲôκͲ֪ˡ
£أڲڸ
ҡҡͷûͼȥˣ⼸պæ
֪ΪΣܾʲôѹƵЩ
¶ʮˣ黹ʣʮʱκһϢ
̫ӳˡ
ϢǴκģ˽˵ʱû뵽ȴκȥˡ
ֲκ⼸飬ʲôأκ벻ͨ
κỹ̫Ӹûκϵʱ̫ҽʰҩٰأסκ岻ý
ǽӻʺָ˭ýκ弱̫Ӹǰκ֡
λ˯ûѣʺüκ˵ʲôͻȻʵǲں֡
κϸԼõȥ
ȥһȻκ壬κᾪãôˣ
κ弱ǰ磬ȥһ̫ӡ
κסǣúõʲô
κ˵³ˡ
˵ûе¡
κ徲ؿ
ʵģκȻҵǿ϶֪һЩ£κ֧֧صѽҲǳ£ǵЩ죿
ҿԽȥ𣿡κֱ׵ʡ
Щٶʶκᣬκ˽ȥȻû˵ʲôֻκԥ
ԥκڵĻش

ȥ»ʺκ
κͷҴҵֻЩԾϵѽãͷɢŻûأôˣ
ΰ֮ǰ̴ӣӼ飬κΪİ֮ʺ־νָʹƹܱýȻܳ
»ʺס̫ӣ
κסˣκһѽκ島źȻرգߵǰüκᣬ˭Ϊλ
κ¡
˵ת»ʺ󣬵ĸ󣬶ҪȥӼѧأҲ֪ȥҲ֪ѱǱȥˣлҪƢ
κ壺
ǡɵˣ
ʺղȥӼ࣬лݼˣڹּɡ
𣿡
ǡ
ߣ̬ûȫСӣؿȥˣ»ʺ˹ȥúչΡ
Ȼ̧ѹѹԼĶͷЩƣ̾˿
κﲻȥϢһ£￴žͺãһõܳġ
»ʺ̧߿һۣŷκҲôҲˣ
ҡκһʱ֪˵ʲôźã»ʺˣҲû˼ֻǵȽȥɡ
»ʺһҹæչΣûϢã˿κ԰æΣţڿϢ¡
ߺκôˣ
κɫصصж¶ˣ̫ҽΣѹˣǵ¼⣬ʺ⼸һֱ̫Ӹչ˵£ļֻڰ֮ǰ˭ǵˡ
Ҳ˵ж֮ƽ޹ʵĶʧʮһļ䣬ھֻǵðǰ£С̴ǵǵҪȥӼѧȴԼѾѾǽָʹκһֱߵˣٹʮգҪȢˡ
֮ξǣɵˡ
κҵ¶ûУڹ˭ĵӰ˳̫ӣ¶ıԴġ
Զò࣬ûйλӣ̫ǻʺӦΪȻλ֮ʱ谮Σһװ׵ּ֮ܲλβɡ
ȻûλʲôˣȲһĸ֮֮ǬǬǳһƷ󳼣׷ڶּ֮࣬ԶΡ
κ᲻
κɫĪؿκ壬ôô˵
ʵϸҲ֮󣬵ƽʱصüã»ʺǻԶţҲû취
κֻǸﲻµǧС㣬еᾭĶҲ֪Щֻ˭뵽»һεأ
죬һһ죬ǸʱκʶεҪ׼޸εʱ򣬸ɣ֮乬
ԣκֱ׶֪һʵλģڻɵһӡ
κϹµģʺڶڲ£磬ҵģֻС
Ȼֻǵð֮ǰ˺£ȻκҲ˸һɶǡ֪˵ʲôˣò׵ȵΰԼûüľֱ뻹ǣЩѹ
Ҳޡ
һɣ֮乬
ֻܵȣһŮʲôأ˭ĻˮʯƲ»ǿԵġ
˵侮ʯΪǣܵиҪͷ֮Ը÷졣
-
СʱǸ»ʺס̫Ӹʮʱסģʹ
ôڵǣôӦ̫Ӹĸ֡
»ʺһֱڵȥٹٵ
οʱλżһְҪǷ֣Լ̫ӵͻȻ˸ɵϣľе㡭ˡ
ԣûвֻи̫ӱ¶»ţ˽֤ݡ
Ҳ֪ʵԶ֪֪顣
κȥ¡
κȥҲʶ㡣
ðɣٵȵȡ
ûãܳˣ̴Ӳȥָֻſڵκᡣ
ޱ飬߱ߵδ˵أҪȥĸأ
̴ӵ£ľ
˵
ۼߵſˣκֱӸź󣬵ء
˭ü
Ѿ˵˺ܶ飬̫ӵ̴ӡ
µ̴ӡ
Բţ̴ֻһأ
λǲʶΪ糤֮ȻСʱЩͬ
κţô
Ƕ̫ԣȻע⵽յôˣڸʲôطôס
κֱ֣ӵ£ӡ
ۡκûסˡ
һ㶣һ˵һҲޡ
ֱǡҲݴˣֻõ˵Ǹӡ
Ǹӣô
κգգۣ¹治ǵ𣿡
ε˭Ҫǵ㣬㡣
κ¼еɥصðɡ
ΪκҪ˶ܴ˭֪֮̾漴ͷһЦ⣬ֻոʲôûƵģǣ͵ǽյһμ¡
νֲЦˣҭסˣʵڲ֪˵ʲôźãֻܷȥ
κ忴ԥתߵıӰ͸ȥһˣȴκסȥʲô
κŶѾǵˣ鲻Խ͸һˡ
κˣȥɣҲ֪ʲôʱꡣ
ܿͻꡣκ
κüã֪
κҿɡ
-
ʹ̫ӸƫĸطκΪϤ꣬⼸طתΪƵ
֪Сʱʲôӵģ»ʺȥ̴֣ӻȥ鷿κһȥ鷿
֮ͺ˵ûûһ͵鷿鷿ûأ֮ǰǸ̴վſڵţһд֡
Σǰűīֽ⣬дձʵҲСӡ
κòûйϵ鷿ţֱϣ̧ſڿһۣеıʲûз£κôˣ
κΪõѰֻˣǶ档
εƭˣոջ˵ңҡ
κɣǲ˺µģֻڣ޴ȥԵܰô
λشκֵҿ֣ҵдÿɺˡ
οܴûôǫˣһʱ֪˵ʲôźá
һֱվſڲߣαֻõǡ԰ɡ
õġ
˵ʵκĺã±ߣһдֱʵҪࡣ
εֱκд֣ˮһÿֻڣֻ˵̫СдƮƮᣬûǸȡ
»ʺϢκ岻ţһ֡
-
»ʺ󻹳̫Ӹסʱκκһֿ飬Ϊ⣬ô˻ᣬȥ˻ʹ
ǰԸκᣬһҪ̫Ӹȥñ˷̫ӲԾ
κͷӦǡ
̫ӸһӦȫʲôʱóԷʲôʱ˯ȫŵ׵
κ岻˽СʱΣεʱ˶ѾˣԾ͵һ𳤴СʱĹ°ɡ
һʼκȫ̵ޱ飬˵һ֣˾
ȻڻûԼûϵκ̫ӸĻľ̨ͤ¥Ϊһһס̫꣬Ӹ
ʱգףѾ߶÷κл֮󣬵һΡ
Ĵ룬ʢŵ÷ﻹŵÿƢ;ֻǿŶܽ²ȡ
κ񲢲ϲȫƸκ塣
ԷʱκҲˣʵСʱһʳرңʳ
κһΪϲʳÿγԷζĿζԸ˼ǵ÷ǣǰͨİ࣬ҲǣΪκϲѽ
̫ӸͥԺһŵĺϻǺϻĻڣĻ꣬ϸСŨܵҶ΢磬ҡš
Ϣ̴ӻȥϢģκݲϢνҪϢȥſκ˵˵ġ
ȴԸȥϢԸϢҲԸκȥͱ˵
κֻøԣʵҲãûһʼųˡ
ʲôأʡ
κκ
εͷܺ
šлл
ҽΡ
κ𣺡֪ѽ
εǻӡ
Ҳ֪ѽ
Ըѡ
κһ֣Цҡ

ļ죬»ʺһֱû̫Ӹκ֪Ȼڲ̫ӵ£ʵ˶ãͷʢľ֮ˣٹͷʢǬˣ󹬳ȫһ˸ռˣԶеΪˡ
֪󲻺жκְҺãʱκ꣬Ȼֻ֮Բ£ǬֱߥųԶƷˡ
ָʹ̫ӵ̴ӣŻʳǾͺãκѾ˹ʱʵ۲汻˴λ
⼸죬϶ҵĺܡ
ǴңƼˡ
֮κնݳɣһһҰݷ賤ǵʱùĿɾԼˡ
-
⼸κԽԽ죬ҹ˯ζҪκͬһ˯
ȻͬΪºڣҹĵƱһֱκ巢һֱǸɰƽǸɰ
ӣǺɰģκºϲɰ𣿡
λش𣺡ϲ
κʵǵ¼ǵ˭𣿡
ϸ룬ֿ˿ĺɰǱ͵ҲǵˣֻܾúҪŪˡ
κЦЦϢɡ
ڵĵƻûδСźųȻ˯κ岻޺ϴ˯
ҹȰҪˬ࣬κʶӣ͸¹ӴսһصףƻȽȽһжܰ
ҹ˾ʱǰģһЩ߰Ķ︡֡
δﾪѵʱͻȻӴͷ㿴͸ĵĵ¹⣬ȻĿھؽϢƽ
˸Σμ̫ӸμĹ޸꣬ȴڱϷ꣬μԼһƶ˻Ȫμ˻ʵۣμϲǸһ
Ȼ;ˣµסĿڣеǸ
ʲôأ
κ
£ѽ
ǣǾ͵ǽյһμɣ¡

Ӵƹ磬κӲ޺ϣʱ˯죬߹ȥƻؽκԼĴϡ
һԵĽظϣȻκĴǣ²ҵϸСĶصϲ𣿡
¹⾲ȽȽû˻ش仰
-
죬κԼȻ˯εĴϣеˣѲαģ
ˣҪ
ʵҲĵλ˭ֽݡ
һԹһȥ֣֣κ鷿﷭鿴Ҳ뿴飬Ҫ֣е㲻ˣ˱鷭ſʵȴһҲûȥ
νյǲȥӼˣҲĹӼлˣĬĬ֣һ仰Ҳ˵
̫ҽǰһΣ̫ҽԺץҩ͵̫ӸѾչҩ֮ÿ춼κȡ
ѵõǣξȻų⣬ҩֱһƣ۶գһ£κ忴ĿɿڴҪ֪Щҩǿ˷Ρ
ǵƵöһƬ㡣
ҩͻȻϺˣκҲ֪ʲôԭֻһȰȲаûָѽ
κҪҺ͵һȰɣһһڡ
ҡͷȡ
𰡣£ġ
ȡ
ȸ㴵֮һơ
ҲȣҲȣ˰ɡ
͸Сۡκ
ͻȻ̧ͷκ壬⡣
У˾Ҫҩˡ
šε˵ӣ𣿡
κһ
еѻش𣬱ϾڵǻǸСӣشǵĻܸое㲻̫Ծ
ֻõδġδģڣ
ĬΣֵϲң
ϲκشز˼
𣿡
ҷģǧȷ
áǣδκнӹҩͷһ
ôɴ䣬κãԼһ붾ҩҲ治ɫغȥ

κ˼ǣȻ֪㲻ϲǸո˿࣬Ҫǹ¡ԣ
䴽һЦκӹǹһֽһķСǹŽ
𣬹ζġ
ȻְһǣݵκĴߣҲһɣ֪ϲܾǰҲԹ
κ˳εֽǿǺ˫۶ţζġ
»𣿡ȺȻʵ
κһֵΪʲôҪ»ҲŲ¡
ҪĻˣһǳ£Ϊգ̫ѽ
ͻ¡
ߵǰվκҪ࣬վǰЩѹȸУκ̲סһ
κȻ֣סǰһһպý뿿εǰ
һϣ
ͨͨԼģεģֲˡ
κ㡭û°ɣˣ
΢΢°͸ļͷһָֻĳͳЦ
κ˵Ǳ㡭װɡ

Ȼܲôգκ廹ҪʣһЩ£ǰǼ춼װѽ
¡
װġ

Ȼκڣֵ£ıġ
κ֮
ԣûң˹һֻè
κֻرסΣô𣿡
š˶٣ֵȡܻܵǣ
˵ʲôأ
ǲϲ
ĸоκｩһ£漴ַϲ
һΣϲֻϵһˡ
Цͷ֪Ҳֻһˡ
κ忴д֣д֣֮Ǭ

ڰ죬̫ӸΧٶȥ̫ҪһЩ£κҲԻظϢȥˣȥʱκҲȥˡ
-
ٺ˵֮Σ֮ɱˡ
˭֪ɱĻּⱻأҪֻҪ˷˾С
ˣںܳʮ·ߵͷˡ
Ǭûüˣͱ̣֮ةฮʿǴѳٵĽ鱦ЩǬܻߵ֤ݡ
֮ı棬壬ΪǬڳͦģʵۿ˵ʲôΪʮأûҲпͣδ̫óӺˣο̫ڲǺúõ
ˣǬ˸š
ǣ;л᲻ǾͲ˵ˡ
ҪնݳȻ֪ô
ǻӣԶԭþͲ࣬ҪּɱԼĺӣЩ֣ϾСԼࡣ
ԸҲĿŵİӣȶԴº֪飬û취˴͸ܵͷģȻ˻ôأӷͬӣҰӣǲ
»ʺ󿴲ȥʵ˾ǰȴ˷أǨʳǧƶ֮ȥ
ģȻôأԶ᲻ãһҪŪ󻹲ǵۺ󲻺ϣ˵
-
顣
Щ³䶨֮󣬽ű㵽̫ӵĴ֮ա
ԭİ³ˣΪ;Щ¾͸ൢ˼죬Ƴٵ˰ʮˡ
ʮˣ˼ȢԶУǸӡ
˵κڶγɻˣ޵ͬһˣľһܲͬ
һΪе㲻Ը⣬νҲûʲôĲģʥּˣּǡ
βͬڴؼ޸Σֵģ˶æκױ̨žӡ
ŮüĿ㣬üŵӢ˫仭Ļ裬촽΢ϵĴѾˣپǴϷڣϺͷţֽԳˡ
ǰ͹ģŽصļ£˫ýֻˣú˿һ䲢ϵߵβȹȹ˰ӰٸԵ˿ɺ·ӯӯΡ
ϴҪκϲҲڣմøΪϲ죬κױģϸ£˻е࣬Ķá
ϲŵӦûȽ϶ɣϾһΪ˵£˵ĻŶѽ
κ޹˵Щ
κ֣صҪ޸̫ӣҲˣֻҪáܵģ̫ӣԺҪʵۣĺȵֻһǡίǾͻɣ̣ԴףüʣһĲˣôΪЩûõģ㸸ףһվߡ
κס޵֣ģίģοҲ֪ҵӰ˭ҳ˿ѽ
һȥ濴ױˣ½κһš
˭͵ģֻһСġ
Īκŷ⣬һһ俴֣Ȼ̾˿ǷŸյˡ
ûʣκҲû˵
ǷдģһЩףĻһЩǰֻƬ֪ôЩ䣬εˣҲǱʲôԭ֮ȥˣҲҪˡ
ڣҪˣ޸һõˡ
ֵģ˳ܽˣ̫ˡ
¸Ͻκͷϵĺͷ
޺ϲŷκ°ҷصβȹſڣɧȺУһǰһ󾪺
忡ŵɣƮƮĵüգһ۾ںη
κļױʮ̨ʱͻʥּµüθɴѺʮ̨һļױ
δӿκһֻ֣ͷ֮£ԥȥģס
ڵȵ㰮ˣܿġ
κһ㶣漴ЦҲǣ޸㣬ܿġ
ΧһƬҪҪû׵ʱأھͿʼģҪܲˡ
ҲǣҲǡ
̫ӻ
ףҸ
ףСӡ
˷ףӲιĻмŮŮһµ˽ĽҶӡ
κҪľǽκ屳ϻΣʱˣȻܵ飬κκֻʱɿ
κᱳκ壬ſߵԣһ·û˵κ˻κκżصϣǡ
κ֪ģ硣
лл㡣
εŮ㿪ʼ·ĽҶӣ·ֺģ˶࣬۵Ľ
ºƴСκߣ˿κޣȻѡΪѾ߸κһ̫Ӹ
ϲһ·ųϲĸ裬κڻΣһƻϲ˵ҪϺ̫һԲźá
̫Ӵ飬ȻͬĴϲ£ֵ·ģַǷȺУվһĸŮԶԶĿⶥĻΡ
һȦ̧̫֮Ӹ
δ֮󣬵һ¾ȥӣ׼κ½Ρ
Ȿϲ£ȫˣм仹񲼵ģûҪǵǣֽ̫Ӹ
̫Ӹǰ̨ףεǣߣͲˤˡ

ԱߵѾʲôģ
ЩҪǣžǣŰɡ
̫Ӹ೯͢ĹԱһ븮˷ףڶ
ϲѽϲ̫ӵ¡
˾վ׼ֻǣκߣ̨ʱСġ

һء
֣ͷ
ݸá
˶ʵۺ»ʺͷ
޶԰ݡ
ת԰ݡ
ɡ
ӴԺκ̫ˡ
ϲȷκȥ˻鷿·Ϻ˵һЩ£κࡣ
ʱЩԱŸƣҪ
һ뷿ºƾ˹ϲŸĶˣû£ȥǰԾȥˡ
µ
˵ã˵˾;Щˡ
ƵȥõԵĹɡ
ԼҲԣ˵ͶòӰˡ
κԼ˸ͷ¾͵ҵĲӼֱҪˡ
ʵ̫ˡ
Աȥಱӡ
Ƕ̫Ӹ죬ȥóԵȥƲ·˼
ʲôУֶӾУȻһƻûأĶӡؽУǶѽ

ʱβŹ;øѾ˵ԵĹκ˶ӡ
ĳȥ٣ҪˣȻŻ¡
κ彫ͷͷϸǺãڴϡ
ŲԽԽԽԽ죬һϸϲƳǰһ˲ͷ𣬰ݴЦǰ
ĿĺܣҲûȶپƣκ壬˭
£
ҡͷǡ

ٴҡͷҲǡ
κĬһ˲ʮݵص򡭡
һʣ˲ʱЦüĿᣬκִǸ˵ҪתȦȦƵġ
סκ֣§סģģϲѽҰȢˣ㲻ϲˣ
е㲻ԾôСһȵʧ־ɣɵġ
Ӧңϲȡ
£ǲŪʲôңҺӲ찡ôϲ
˵ȡ

ȶˣ־壬̫˰ɣСһ
κֻıϲ
˵꣬촽ϡһڣӡ˸촽ӡ棬κһЦΡ
еµģκʲôҲû룬ƵȥЬǺñӣ˯ʲô£˵һҲˣ
νƿһǣ˯
һֱκ壬Ҫκ߲ſ˯޷κֻܴҲۣɴ˯úá
˯ǰ˵ƣκֹһ䣺£Ұ㡣
ƺνһ䣺Ҳ㣬
꡵

лҪ˵
ڣˣɣһң֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣллллһ·Сɰǡ˵ǿܲţһҽһдģ۾ϹˣǰµˣûдҲܼȥ2βɡ
ʱ23:58ܻд벻뿴ɣҾͲеţ±˵ģʵر±˶ڴߣΪҵĻʧ֮Ŭġ
ϲд£ϣһܰÿһ¶дá
Ҫȥдˣ·ԶԵټ
ʵͦдԤյһƪģΪںڻǣ֮ǰ̫磬Բ2ֻ֣Ȱһƪĸ㶨˵ɣڻ٣ڣԤ¿ɣѮҵԤһ׼մӹԿĺдƪȻ̫嶯ˡ
жԸȤҲȥɣСأٴθµʱӦû̫ȡ˾͸ġ
İͲˣƪԤգԵҵרΪںڻɣС˳㣬ղ߹~
ٴθлСɰһ·飬ĸҺܴĹ
֮ǰұһ
ټ

صС˵www.27txt.com ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ



