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1.1 

1 
۶ǣڶУ˵ء
ۣûΧ̧۾ͿֻùֵҰźȣҪ
˻
Σн֡
Ҫܣȴȫ()ЩѾ˵()ˣֻĿҰ͵ĳ
ͻȻһ֧ļб()ᴩֻҰޡ
ǵĺλ˲䱬ըζѪһأֻҰ½ȻڵϣܿͶϾϢ
żʸɹķȥ㿴һ
ԭ۵()ϣ()ӰԵʮΰ(ͦͦ)Ρ
һͷںڵĶ̷üбޣӢ(ͦͦ)ıĴΣٱһ˫ƶ(qng)(qng)һۣȫ()ɢһſа
һ()ǳīɫľװӾ첲⣬һ֧Сǹϵ
˵ͷȴͻȻҪըһ̼ܶƬӿԺ
ı̫죬ֻǰһʱоǻε
ΣûнӴҧҧͷ((Ʊ))Լάѣбһʮǿҵļͺ()
ԭҪԽ뿪꣬䱻񴥶һ£ǰĽŷ˺һǰ
ʳָ˹°ֱͣԼƦƦʣ
ҧҧ⣬һѪζӣ֣ɳޱȵ³֣룡
ĿƵ()ڴŵһö()ϡ
ϵ()ϵֶ˳ü΢ζЦЦԭǸ
ӱóһ()ϵ˿ڴ磬Ѫܿ챻ס
óһ֧ҩŵԱߣܻܲȥͿԼˣ
˵겻ڣˮ()뿪ֻһıӰֱʧ
˿ֻҪܸһЩָʱ͹ˡ
21ֻͣһߣһҽ츳ڵʦζҩǳС
ŵԼ·ɢһɺǳζζҰźܴ
Ҳԭ()Ƿ⣬һĻǵıɱ
ͻȻӿԺƬںϣһβԼļ(qng)С
۾һ߻ָһ䡣
һ֪δ磬ͿƼ棬Ϊߺͨˡ
()ҲǰߣͨˣڵڶУͶ
׷ϣϲ֧֣ôô~~~
()

2.2 ͦϷ

2 (ͦͦ)Ϸ
ڶУÿѧڽָص㣬һΪʮ濼
ԭ()Ͷһ·ҰȺҰȴֻ׷ţԭ()ڲб˵ֱӹɽֱɡ
Ҳͱ
䣬Ϸŵҩ𣬴򿪴ڱӱţȷ˵ҩһ˽ȥ
ɽˤƵʹ˲٣Ҳû֮ǰʱôʶ̽뵤鿴
ֵƮһСɢâ׺ڽӣ¶˿ϲ֮ɫħپȻһˡ
ħһԷľ()Ŀռ䣬ǰ˲õֲҩ档
ħٿռóһӣҺ強Ƥϣһĵҩ͸·
ֹܸ֭֮ǰ()ϵζҰ޵á
ܱȵŨЩƵ(qng)˼ָ֣
ڶһ磬۾վ()ֽš
()㲻˶Щ飬һҹҲֻǵõһƣҪǿ÷õҩҩԡ˫µС
ϧħﲢûֵҩҩԡҩģõȥѰҡ
ԭ()ǿռϵߣһԷСռ䣬ʶ澫Ҳܴ򿪡
óһ(to)ɾ·ϣɽϸ·
һˣֻҪʮ죬һ涨Сʱڸϵյϸǽĵڰ졣
һ·ϣ˲پУͬμӿ˵ѧ
ʱĿź桢ͬ(qng)ֻĮӡ
ЩĿǰߣٶȲ죬ȴЩ˾롣
һ·ͻȻһȷľ𣬡
ͷȥһòŮվڲԶлŲ˼⣬ܿ
첽߹һοĿû̫ˣ
΢΢ζĵǰû£
ιϵŻӦԷӣȴҲΪζ
һѹĵģҲû¶ʲôɫ
һòͨŮҲ˹ʣˣôȺҰ׷ģ
ҵĲ䣺һֱ㣬켱ˣû¡
ϴŹ֮ɫ۵ȴһ()̾˵(ͦͦ)Ϸġ
()

3.3 Ϸ˭ᰡ

3 Ϸ˭ᰡ
ҿ϶˾֪ԼҰ׷ŵɽȥˣֻû뵽Լš
صұҰ׷ŵɽûǵľ͸ˡ
Ϸ˭ᰡ
Ҫ˽᲻ֶͬζԸԼǾҪʳˣҲ취ʰǡ
Ц˵û¾ͺãֻʣһʱ䣬·ѧУ϶òϰȸ·ɡ
ãͷ
һ·κףѻƽһš
㻻·ףѻһʡ
صǰ֮ǰɽ(to)·˺ˣҿռﻹ˼(to)õġ
ףѻͷ۵Ľʺȥǿռ߿ԴŶǻñŴ·ɱҰҲûߡ
ڿ㶵ֶ˶ЦļĦ˼£˵㴩(to)װ(to)ÿ
ڶУУǾװīס(to)īɫġ
ףѻﲻɵüʵͬʱֻ
ֻӵs˫ϵţǸòµˣ׷ͬѧųӡ
ԴĽս()ͻȻĪЩ׷׷ֹ㻹ҲֻΪ档
ļһѧУӸ߸ϵƶ˵䣬˱ʩӲſɿ˵ķС
ǰжĽжవˬ
Цݣȴûж¶ȣл佱
δʱóһƿӪݸϢٸ·ɡ
ӹָĦ˼ƿ()ֵݻ˻ȥ˼Ҳ̫ϲϿζӪ
δƽԵĻӪҪĸԪغӪζҲкüʮ֣ɿڸȴһ㡣
һЦִó֧ҴĿζ(ͦͦ)ģѡһ֧ɡ
һ֧ݮζģɣлл
Ȼ˵Ŀע½Ӫȥ
Ӫ£ס()뿪
Цֻףѻһ£ղŻ֧ʣµĵӪһŵ
СʱͻȻ෽ʮֻ()ĸߴĻǣԥĳ
ܣκףѻһǱŵһߺҵܹǣһ߷ֵֿܡ
˿ȥǱǵŵЩŲ·ڻ()ϵĲ࣬ȴнǳϵơ
()

4.4 ֮֮

4 ֮֮()
Ҳ¶˾ŵɫź˲ͬķܡ
κףѻܱ߹עԭ⣬ȴֺĴ󲿷ֻǾȻ׷ˣֻ䵥ֻȥ׷˲Ҳ
ȫ벻ͨΪʲô()ϵζûнȫţ׷ǲţЩȺǲ⣿
κףѻǶߣһ˵ԸֻǻУÿ˶ֻ׷ţǱѣٵóǹɨ()ҲĿʼˡ
ףѻҽһһֱֻ˹Ļҧ˺
ģνҲһļУһֻצץɼǣֱӱݡ
˵սԽԽģ()ϵ˿ԽԽֻ࣬ܲĵóź顣
һӺʦֽȫɱѾ˴ȥơ
һͷܵһԿտĵطʶһĻ˹
ѧУϣѧÿ()϶һźֻҪ˾ͻеʦԮ
һʹҲſûɣᱻҪǲϸᱻȰˡ
ʹο˳ɼϸֱȺ˲мĻҲʧȥ
ʵԭ()ΣգһʱóѧУ䷢ļǹϧǻˣ޷ԮźţǹҲ⡣
ͼǹӳȥģֽŵҲ϶
Ǹر()ӣϲľ֮֮()ˡ
()ĨĹ֭Ұ޵ЧףѻմҰҩ۵·ҲȾ֭Һ
ε֧ӪҲմȾ֭Һ
Ľħóһҩ()ϣҩۻǹ֭Чͻᷢı䣬ǳҰ׷Ϻͷ
ûֽţǷ˳ɹþȡ
˻ŽӸ߸ϵľУ˹ӲдĲзϣǱ˶û˼
ջʶӯıܿһֻĻǣжһɫŻ֦ʮƯһѳ
˿ռܣ()廹ľϵܣ⽣ԭ()ռľϵʦƴģʮϡ
ֻ()ܵ䣬սҲ֪Ρ
ֻģһΪ˱ܿﵼʦǵĿὫ˱ȺΧ(qng)뵽()ϣϾ˶ʹܹ׷
ҲҪһڵʵ()Ƚ飬ȴûȫϣսɺɱֻӦû⡣
()

5.5 ôͱˣ

5 ôͱˣ
ȻҲϣ֮ǰ£ǽֻǻɱ
ڱ˵ˣ
ǵѪɫĳȾ죬ָĨĨѪкһĻȣý͸Ѫ
𽣣ĳһôƳһۣ뿪
ʱվһˣꡣ
û뵽ϢܿһϷ
һȾһζôͱˣ
Ů˸ղӦǷĸ֪˵Ѿϵò𣿴ԹȻš
һξ룬ſһô¡
ڵת֮ǰȥӪ˳
θӪʹ()巢ҩףѻĨ޵ҩۣ˵һһҪǻ˿϶ŵˣҲǵù
ǵ˼µóʮ**ԭ()λνĴһŮֱʡ
ǰԭ()Ͻĸڱ߾ͻȻսĸҲѾȥüꡣ
ԭ()ʮ꣬ķɹ涨ԸĸµĲƲȫļ̳к֧ȨҲǼЩסԭ
Ҫԭ()䣬ЩƲչ壬ڶУֲһѧߵĽ׼һϻؼҵ˽ӷ
׵һ˫
̳ԭ()ļ(qng)У֮õ()Ϊԭ()𣬲Էúûȥġ
ħٵĿռóһ֧Ѫγ£()彥Ļָ״̬()·
ҹĻ٣ҲΣո󣬲ٵط˱޺
ϯ׼һʺϲ()ĴϢһζȴӲԶƮ˳
ϯӶ˶ǿ()ζ㰡
ԽԽöʿˮǹȥ
УҲЩ浽˭ϵ￾()ѵҰȺ
ϯһ߽ȥͼһŸˢڿ()ˢţһֻʲôȥרעǳû̧ͷ
ʶģ׼ȷ˵Ӧû˲֪
ʵ˫ϵsŵ䵽ͨ˵(qng)̫⣬У󻹱Ϊսϵϵ׷ǿƬ
ϵĶӿ()ɢζҲԽŨ˲öӶˣʵźȹһ֧Ӫ
()

6.6 

6 
ԼʮӺˢӷŵ˵ϵһľƿ̧ͷˡ
Ͱ֧ӪǸζʵڲҹά
ִʳ(i)ߣԼθ
Ҳռֲӵϰߣ廨ŵĵӻ綼յħֲֳ֮ɵϻв١
ɱһֻҰȼû뵽˹
ˣϯЦŶӻִкɣ
֪˵ģǶѧУķ
кˣǷʮӢʴżֿҰϵϵݺ׷
㣡˵
߹ȥ£˿ϵľƿͷָСľӿʣǵζƷ
Ž˿۾ò忡ţʱȽ˲øС
ףţľƿǷۣСǿ()ϡ
ָϵϵݣ˵Ǹǻ͵ţսҲѧУǳܻӭ
ۣѳԵ⻹()ϯü
֪˵ѳָʲô
ĺֲܶﶼľϵֳģҲΪʳġ
߲ˮڸкܲ۷ɼ˱ĻܣζҲܿɬ
Щ߲ˮȻڸвãȴ̺ĶάغͿʵӪʣԶӪϡ
ǵһֲ߲ˮҲУΪԭʳģȴǳֲȽ٣۸Ҳܹ
Щǰħģ()ζǳζ
û˵ȿڣӦòǳַ۰ɣ
ʳĳжгۣһЩƶȥʳá
֪֮۵ζҲǰҰʱŪ
ͷǲɼԭܲµۣζͳекܴ𡣡
ſ()ˣӿռóһСɵذףýƵ()һ
һŵۺ͵Ѿζۺܺóԡ
üȾһʳãп()ɢζϯ̲סʿˮ
ǸһᣬоҺڵɿһʣ⿾()
Цʣԣ
ǰŻ(ͦͦ)ģԡϯͷ
ذ̿()ֱݸˣǳԣ
˶ѧУķҲȽǿõ()һûл˵Ժõϡ
()

7.7 ̫ó

7 ̫ó
ǾͶлˣ
ϯҲ(qng)ӹȲĲһڷ
Ȼɴ۾ٵĽ˽ֲ˺ü¸̫óˣ
״ҲһϸƷһ()¶Ǻ۾ֲһ飬ʵٶȱ֮ǰ࣬¶һܵı(qng)
ܿ˾ͽһ̿()ĳ꣬ϯ۾ϵĳżʣ¿()飬ҳԹζĿ()
ƽͥ۲ͻ߼ۻʱеĳʦԭʳ⿣Ҳ()ζֱһһ¡
ǰǸóԣڳԹžãǸʳƷ
()Ƚ飬̫࿾()ȥգϯ嶢ſ()еذ׵˹ȥãҳˣ
ϯЦŽӹذףֱĽʣµĿ()˷̣ǾͲˡ
˹ĳſ()Ц˵⿾()ζۣ()ζҲĺܺãڸмѶǵϵԭ𣿡
ֿ˿ԶһЩҪ()ȣ()ڿ֮ǰӦҲֶδɡ
ǰҰǴӪʱҲ()ԣζһѾ
̧ͷ()֮ǰȥȴ()Ҳѡ˱Ƚ۵ĵطȷʵǼЩϲÿ()ζ
Ұ()ֻҪһЩǲģȱٸֵϺʧ˺ܶ⿷֮ӪʳʳĻȽ
ϯܿͽʣµĿ()ֳ꣬һδ
ϯԵϵķۺǸҲ𣿡
ľƿ˹ȥԣ
ϯһ׷۷ŵУ۾˲ˡ
ζر𣬲ɬһַ󣬿ڸϸ壬ζð
Ȼһ׶ݹȥ㳢ڸ̫ˣ
ԼԼġıܿԼĲպһƷĺڲͬ
ϯƲƲ죬ʣķһûסȫԹˡ
ź֪˼˵ǸһСıȫԵˣ
û£۵һЩʣԭʳܻӭԴַչ
ϯζҰʣۻܲң
()ζˮʳӦҲĸ׹ҲϲȥТ¡
ҡҡͷռķ۾ʣ¸ղôˡ
()

8.8 ˼ҵĺ

8 ˼ҵĺ
ħʵһЩϡΪ׼ó
ϯźЦЦðɣԺռĻʱҡ
Ҫ÷ۻҲҡ
ãͷ
ϯϵն˺롣
һᣬϯ
ϯϴҲ֪ȥˣǿһ졣
Ƴһۣ϶ϵģ㲻Ϲ((co)co)ġ
ܸоϴ̫ƴˣȺҽҩʦҲǷϣȻ˵ϴľָȫֱ֪Ƿ(ƨp)ϯϴԶǿġ
Ʊϵ۾۵׵ĵţ϶лָܻġ
ϯ˵ͻȻľҲ⣬οҲҲлָһ졣
¶ɫţһָġ
()ߺͨ˵Ĺؼء
߶Ϊfedcbasȼֻжﵽc˲лܡ
ԭ()ʮʱԳΪs()Ϊa½ľϵܺϡеĿռܣΪš
ͻȻսܲסιȥ֮󣬾()ʾ˫˫dܸһⲢʲôܡ
ڶУ⣬һsҲ⡣
˵ϴǷ壿
壬Ԫ׼ҵӣһڶļ̳ˣ()˫sϵܵľš
ʮͿʼսսڶУʱʮ꣬ȴѾ弶ߣУ꼶ĴͷǣУݻУԡ
ǰ߾ǳսУҲȥμˣΪȼĽ죬()ɱİΧȦУ漣˳˽˳
ͻΧʱȴһĶҺ¾Һѹ޷ٶá
ãҲŲټʻףҲٷӳӦȼ˶ˡ
(qng)ҪǻˣѾǷϻˡ
ɷȴûз޷ãʹӻϵתսϵϵܣ()ǿȡ
ĸϵĹ壬㿪ʼѧԭʼս
ϸûܾѧУһļߴܣҲʹȫУʦˡ
׵ľ־Ӯҡ
ϯ岢֪ϴǷ壬(ͦͦ)(ͦͦ)()ǰһС浽ֵܣСͳưԣߵﶼǾ۽㣬ֱ˼ҵĺӡ
()

9.9 

9 
תϵ֮һϵءϯ֪սϵġ
ҡҡͷûУѾתϵˡ
ǰԭ()ԼϵڶУսϵھ()ʵȼ䵽Уż˫cﲻҪѧģѧУ쵼ǿսķϿ˺ţȥ˺ϵ
תϵ֮󣬷תսϵǲûмҲûн
ԭ()ȴܳݷ壬УϹעϢҲϣһ־ˣֻϧûüʵ־ͱˡ
һԭ()еԸɵġ
֮ԶԷӡôԭļ⣬ΪǸþǷ塣
ǻźӦʶġ
ϯЦ˵һЩڷȽ¼żҲ˵䣬Ȼ˺ͷ(qng)ܺãʮƳԷ
˵䶼סˣǷһ(qng)˽Ҳá
ҹֱȽΣգʹ߾͵ض߿ܻܵҰ޵͵Ϯ˯Ϣϡ
΢΢ʱ۾´ͳĿĵظȥ
֮ѪεЧڸоڵܹγһת()ҲûôˣһЩʣ˵
뿪ϯ½۾
ϯЩ⣬Ȼ뿪ˣôϵľ()ʣҪͨһûϣ
ΪΪǳ˿()Դʽ(qng)һ𣿡ü
ϯʼ磬ȷʵôΪģԭǶζĿ()ǸŮķϣѾ׼һˣ˭֪ôи()й
תƱϵ۾ŲҪ˵ͬ(qng)ԼĽ
˵򵥡
˶ٵɱҰ򲢽俾ˣѪζζƮȥ϶ҰȺҹȴܰΪɺϣ
ϯԱȽϴ
Ȼأ
ߵԶӵϰһԲݣҪû´ϸɵҺҰ޵á
ϯ߹ȥϸ˿ȻΧһȦݴﶼҺ壬ǣѵǸҩʦû
ƳһۣĸʲôˣҩʦӦҲͨҩ
⵹ǣѹҹɭ￾()ԭ׼
()

10.10 

10 
ϯ֪ĸףܹϵĹҽ߼ҩʦоƳʵҩΪСĹףֻϧ̫ˡ
߰ɣĿҪȽϳ⣬ǾͰаһѡĵһӡ󻹲
ϯͷҲôġ
һߡ
ܿ촩ߵһƬյϣﶼڵһڳ̵ѧֻ˳ִͨǰһľݲϸ
ߵһƫƧĽ䰲ĵȴͻȻоһɴŵ()ϣ̧ͷ˹ȥ
ԶȺУһòȴһ()е꣬һָӳԾĿ⿴Լ
ȥ΢΢һµĿˣ·ղֻǴ
üͷʶ꣬ɶԷȴʶܾһһ˵Թޣһ()ƷŵĶߣɵþ˼֡
ǰѧУҲ֪ϵĹ⻷ߵﶼܹע
Ҳ˰վڽ˽
ȻϵˣѾ𣿡
˵ͬ˺ܵùȺ˳˿ˣȻల£˼ҵ汳Լ˰ɣ
ҲûܣôϣûжҪͨ˸оϣ󡣡
(qng)ӦȰ𣿡
˺ţѧУôܽתȥϵ
()ʶѾcˣ˼ѧУѧˡ
ζʮ˲٣ɾУҲһЩȽֱѧмڲ͡
ǱĸǰΪҩҵĹףҲΪ˱ڳˣ˼Ұɡ
ڵȴǿЩ˵ʲôȫ˽ȥĿ˵ѧ()ͣ롣
½˵ִԼһСʱһ㲥
뿼˵ʱλͬѧ׼ʮӺʽʼ̣
㲥ֹͣһ޺ȥһĶࡣ
ƵһʱͻȻܵض·ڲһֻֻҰǴӳŹȻһֱѧڵĵط
찡ȻôҰޣѧУĵʦǷˣ
ÿĿ˶һֻҰޣҪԸĿǱ޺ͳ壬ҪֶûϸԺôɱУ
ǻлᣬĳЩ䵥ֱϵ˵ֻжܻ߷̵ķˣ֮ǰĳķ顣
ǰĳЩʵԾ˳УΪãʡöۣ
ڲ˳ԺȥзսҲ·һ۱ˣһԾ()ûС
ӦûؼҵżӵģɲǷϲĸĵط

Աߵļĸͣԡ
ƼƱۣôôգ(i)~~~~
()

11.11 ⲻѧ

11 ⲻѧ
ɫȴ˵˶סˡ
ɣ
սϵͻϵѧΪֱͼǹҰȺ֮˴˺Ҫһ̵·
εĿ˲(yn)ʹû׺ͳҲ˸ڴʱѧҰҧҲѾ˼ף()Ұ޵ʬ塣
ͻȻӺһӰҰȺɱҰв˿һ򵥣һ˾ͿٳһѪ·
һɱ()ɢѪɷҰ޶еΣշ׷ױܿ
ܿ죬ڱ˻ڷʱѾɵִյ㣬ʱӣ׵ĴѧУʷ¼
ҲڳѧһңɼĴܸУԼǿߵĳݣһȫǸˣ̫̬ˣ
Ѫζ˱۾ʱһƬս⡣
жһɫĳԥĳҰȺȥ
֮ǰ洢Ѫȴľһ̱ͬɱ㣬ųٳһѪ·
ûлڵĶȵȻҪٲһҰ޵أһֻźԥļ塣
ȥСؾɵϰߡ
ɾϬɱͬڳ̺ͺ滹׼Ҫˮˡ
˵ѾǸͨ˶ķô˵׺Ұ
ʹ⣬Ů˾Ȼǹãԭʼս̣ȫǷٵķ氡ţ((Ʊ))
ԭҪһһѵϯҲе£Ůɱ޵ֶξǻ࣬òòˡ
()״Ǵ£Ŀ()𺣬ѸٶԱߵļʹһ
޵ĵͷҲȺȻʹܺͼǹ˫ãнҰ޳Ǳ߸ϡ
ɫ΢䣬һɱһһҩ۴ˡ
оںҪľӿٶỵ̄()ɢ׺ҲòҰޱܵľúˣ׷ױܿ
ĻֿյľϣŮ˳Ԥϡ
һ·ն˵ڶִľյˣʱ߷ӡ
ҿȻǵڶⲻѧսϵ˾
ϵҲˣǾȻһ˵սŮˣ
ǲ꣬˻ѷεĲҽ𣬡
ĿȥֻܵҰǷһһѷĳмѧȥҧȫûз
ģҪҾжңͷƤЩ飡
()

12.12 ̫а

12 ̫а
Ҳû뵽ֻǽҰķϣôȫͷԼˣ
ǰҲɹ(qng)ǽָɷЩҰȫħˣ
̫аˣ
ȫ()ץõ˿ڣȱ첲ȳȣʮֵĲңֻܵһʱó顣
ܿеʦڣΧ˵ҰǴȥˣǿ˳ɼҲͬڲϸ
˷ˣҲٹǽȰˡ
̾⼸һղŻ˵ǷϲӦѧôӦ鵽Լ()ˣӦ
żζĿǿɵ(ͦͦ)Ư
ҪԸˣͳͳܲҵķʰ˻ȥᱻʦѧ֣˼
ҲľϢ͸֧ıȽл佱
֮ǰ(qng)һỹġһ䡣
ĵҪ
ղŵľҶɫȾһΣµնұĕi̧ͷЦЦ˵ɱ˵ô˵ܿҪõˡ
ŵһ()ɢŵĶϢӦʮֵĥˣȴǸûһǿͼͻЩ̬
׻һ˿֮ɫüĿԴҪô(qng)
ҰȺĹǼˣ˲ѹ½˵ִյ㣬˱û˵
()Ҳûֽͨճȭûأ(qng)()
һСʱ󣬳ѧ⣬˶ִյ㡣
žװĵʦ֣һ˿ڵεĿˣǶͨˣ
һתһ˵ıȴãϣʱǿսɵĶ
ҲҪرǳ̵ıֺܳʡرǷ壬ȫǵڶУʷ¼ǳ㣡ʦдЦǽ֮ɫ
ֲһ䣬ȻҲܲ־
ڷʷ¼ڳѧǶӦţңɼĴڡ
ɶõڶʦúܶЩԽˡ
ǲϣԼһ()˫˫c·ϵ˲
ҲʶرԭϵѧǸô۾
֮ǰǵĸоȴƯǸȽʺϰڼչĻƿ˭Ȼ˱뺷
ʦ˵ĳɼѾУԺۺɼҲˣԼȥ鿴
ѧڿ˽ǽһµϢʱɣףǼ죡
ʮӺзͧ£ѧͻصڶУ
⼸ǩԼ״̬֮ʼĸԺÿϾŵ°~~~~
()

13.13 ֳȥ

13 ֳȥ
ѧУûлᣬֱӿլ
()ΪļҵĵϵϽŮǰ(r)ӹʮ̹Ҳܸ㣬ȴкü
ļҲǾңһȽϴҵңҪҵҩ˾ҽҩ˾ڵ۹Ƕ壬еλ
֤һ·ͨĿլ
Ŵĺֱ߽˴
԰ʹӶ˼׷񣬡Сã
Ѿȫԭ()ļ(qng)УֲӶ˵̬Ⱥܷܣ߲ˣ
ڷһЩ˵ǹŵʱھĹŶʯڼļҵɣɨɨȴƷǸ󲮵Ʒζǲô
˶¥ļҵĿ
ֻһòӺݹȥʮҵĸˣŲ豭Ȳ衣
Ų̧ͷдŴ(i)Сˣ
߹ȥԱߵɳ£()()
ߵƽٵ꣬ͨҲҵ
()()ͨˣȻѾаʮˣɿȥȴᣬĺܺá
ҽ豭£֣ôˣǲࣿ
ԭǲͬѾΪͨ˵ȥμΣ()ѧŮȴִţҲûа취
ֱůе(qng)ûбҪ
()()⵽˶Ʋ̵ʱҲ˿ҪҰΧңҪ׼һЩҩ()Ϸǻزˡ
ֽ˽º͵ɫ棬û뵽ǾȻҶ(qng)θǱүүԽԽˣ
²ϸ飬ܲ³϶(())һӸɵĺ£ֱ̫̫
ְ()()ֳȥ
ļҵļĴ󲮣ȴ()()ģүүʱ(i)()()޽ûþͽһ˽ӡ
ĸʱҵţĶӣ˱Ϊ̳ˡ
ĸһ;ͻȻܵ˳Ϯѣ׳ʹ֮ļҼ̳˵()ݲξ飬ԭ˭ãȴڶ̶̶̶̼ʱսպգһְԱϽ
Ҳļҵе()ݵλθߺܶ࣬ҩҽĹ˾˾ߣչÿ졣
׹â̫ʢҲеĴүȽƽӹ
ȻΪүӵļֳɹλ˼ȴᱻóԱȣ֮()ϱǰһ㣬öԷǳһ
д鱬Ĵ壬û壬д̫ˣһ»дʮ֮ܲų~~
()

14.14 ˾ͺ

14 ˾ͺ
Դԭ()ĸսļҵĴ˺ܶ࣬Ҫ()()ڣǵһʱͻᱻֱӸϳȥ
ļҿɫ(r)ӣҲ£Ҫֳȥ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ϸ̾˿ҲУԴȥԽԽǸˣһ(qng)ζûС
ӶͱǲɢҵĸҲԼĲã˵Ҳûʲôܻ䡣
СϻԷһ϶¡
лл()()ļңų(i)ľ()()ˡ
СҲ()()ģ(ͦͦ)ǶͳȥƽҲûչ̫ࡣ
(i)ͷֻϧҪίˣ
㸸ĸµĲҵѾ̲ˣ(())ְ˺ܶˣǣܶ棬үүҲ֡ҪֳȥͷҪó
׾Ǻ⣬ޱȵ˵ģóȥ٣һǻļҵҫ㸸ģչĹ˾ҲΪĸײתͳɹģ˻˱ǣ
ϱѪݲһ(())̣
쳼ҵңֻϧûˣҲүӲŻ޹˼ɵķ˽λ
ûϵֻҪֳܷȥõͷҲνܻûġ
Цż˵Ȼ()()ҪˣǾͻ˰ɣ˾ͺã
ĺһҪռԭ()ĶǷԭ()һ()()ʲôҲǻġ
ҼСģеĺⱻЦ棬ΪŮҲΪ·
˻ᣬȻغԺϢ
ļҵ¥ֻүӺ̫̫סÿһںԺһС¥
߽С¥һӶˡ
ʱһòŮӴŴ(i)Цӭ
Сˣ
Ц̣
ԭ()ĸ׼޹Ůǩ()֣ĸһֱ()չˡ
ԭ()ĸϵĻ֮һ˼˲ٹʱϰߣֻϧ˶ϡĸһˣȥ֮Ҳż
Сˣس˲ٿͷɣ
ӰҪȥȴܿˣóĨĨᣬˣ
̬ȱȽ䵭ȻطϢ
Ӱ˵ʲôݻ¥Լķ䡣
컹Ͼŵ㷢~~~ллͶƱ۵ףôô~~~
()

15.15 

15 
ص价һȦܣõıȽϼࡣ
()ǽϹһȫҸһʮҸİһ
ķȫҸˣӦǱ
߹ȥὫȫҸƿԭ()ĸµıչ¶
ռָƴ˵һ֤ͫ˵ڶ
꣡ӷ죬Ψһŵľӱ˳
ľӻƹӣȥϹʱĶûԭ()һֱûгɹ򿪹
о£֪˿ָƣһѪ˺˲˽ȥ
ӻԶ򿪣һѹϵԿס
Կ⣬ûκεʾ֪ǸõģǼĸ׶ܶ飬һҪƱӣǺҪĶ
ķֻӰȨ޿ţҲֻжԷҪԿף
ˣһ
뽫Կռ䣬Ѻӷ˻ȥ
žͼӰһվſڡ
СμҿˣҰһ뼦㣬(r)˰ɡӰкϴų(i)Цݣһ(i)ĳ
ӹеļã
һֻ̧ҪţվӰ΢΢Ľ˽Сǲʲô˵(qng)Ҫ˵˵
֪Ϊʲôܾػ˲٣ǰǺ׽ģȴֵñȽ䵭
ЩۣϢ˵ͽŹϣվſڸջҪ˵Ӱе¡
ɫ˳ֹסҪٴŵĳ嶯ת()¥
ǹҽңȽעӰǰÿ춼ҩ
ͷϸżֺһڷϸϸĸ֪ɫ䡣
ȻϣֻǺѷ֣ӰȫҩҩγɵĶأȥⶼ⡣
ҲȷԼĻȷġ
ԭ()ľ()ͻȻĪdм͵ƣҽûвʲôߣжϵĽΪսȱɵġ
ȴڵﴦǱһֶأһĲʳƻľ()ʡ
̾˿ԭ()û뵽սķϲģʵΪ׽̺ġ
ȼûнͣԭ()ҲأӰǺԪ֮һ
ռ䣬Ӱԭ()ĸ״ҴСһ𳤴ͣӰǼһԭ()Ẓ̇ôʲôλ͡ѵأ
()

16.16 

16 
˲ʡ
ӰԼô()˻ƣ
ҪǲռԿף
׼뿪ļ֮ȴӰʼúòһ飬ʱ̶һδ֪ΣУܲˬ
ӵ()()ĴѶϴһȥ¥Ĳ
ʱѾˣһŴʱ(ɧɧ)ӿ()˵ǵС㣬Ƶүү()()ҪԷ
һᣬ뿴˵̬ȣҲ˳һѡ
üǳ־ͼ޵Ķҡҡͷ
־Į߹ȥΨһŵλ£̧ͷֱֱĿмλŵˣүүҲôΪǲǸսԸҪ˵ɫУ
үߣȥʮҵģȫ()һλߵơ
ôʣȻ⣬ŮһθôԼ˵
С־ǿЦСαص档үӵЦЦ
ŮǸӵģȽϽŮҲs˫ϵţҲȴһͨ˶ķЩ
үӻЩŮ־Ȼҵͷȴܺãļҽҵļ̳ˣȻȽҪޣڻǸϲĵŮҪܶࡣ
ü֣ǲЩϺͿˣôû־ǿЦ
үһҭŮרģ
ҾСû˵үүҲ̫רȨˣѵļֻд󷿵˵˶ûзȨˣ
ƫүүûκκøУ׼ԭ()һš
㣡үֱ£Сѧ()ģʲôʱ˵ûзȨˣ
ȻϲӺӣ϶ŮŮҲȥ
()˵־ɣүүҲ̫ƫˣЦҲȽᣬȴһ㺮⡣
ģүû뵽ӾȻôˣһֱ죬صĲ̫ˣھڼﷴ˼ɡ
һ仰ͽ(jn)ˡ
Цһ֣ˣƾʲôСڼﷴ˼ûдƫģ
үӺݺݵص˵ԽԽѷŮҽŮʲô£ҪǼߣԺ󶼱ˣ
ϵϣ̵˵㵱ϲҪСż٣̤벽
ҲڴʱڣүүȻңҲȥɣʡðϺ㱦ӵ۾
ллͶƱ۵ףôô~~~
()

17.17 ʲô˵Ļ

17 ʲô˵Ļ
ļҲֻĴ󷿣бѵţӵһ㶼
Ҫ()()úίߣֱӸϳ뿪̹Ժ˭˭
Ūֵϣǲ鷳
үٴαĻˣԭЩųŮŰ²Ҫˣ
ʲôҵŮôܾ㰭ֱۣԽԽˣҪУҲȥˣүӡ
Ц˵֣⻰˵ĿɲסСƾԼ¿ϵĵڶУ㲻׼ȥϾУǲŰʿŹҪǼʷƲõġ
үˣָָ̧ˣаǽǹǲǣ
㶯Ͷǰ;()ģôҺԡζ˵
㣡үһôˣ㻹ΪǼ¼ǺңҵҲΪã
һƽ(i)ʲôǰ;ҰǸ˸ϳ۶һ׮ŵԵĻѵд
ԼúõİգŽ鼸ˣھȻǺ£Ҽֱǰˣ
ĸҼǺ㣡䵭˵ҼǵôСĸ׹ңֻԼ(i)ıӣ˶ĸ״ģʲôʱˣ
̧ͷͷ˵СȻίҴȥˣǽ첻()ͰѼҷ˰ɡ
һǮҪСһݣôôҪΪŲ̤լ벽Ҳ
үô˵Ҳζˣ(qng)ŮŮôһҪּҡ
ɫɫҲܺڣһǾּңҲ̫ҷˣ
ЦŮˣָҶѣôͲˣ
ҿڼҲûǵ()֮Ǿͷ˰ɡ
һֱĬ뿪ڵڵļңĸ˵ûж()ָ֮ҶԵáֶŮã
ϵûǰ֣ĸ⻰Щ(yn)ɣ
ص̾˿֪ԼģСТ˳㣬ûв浽ĵطɲ()ˮ
Ц⻰ҿɲҹֻͬһʣȥ֮ΪҵǮƽ˺üÿĸ׹˾ԭеĶڷֺҲˣǴ˵ûпǰ𣿡
ֶŮ㻨Ǯͷֺ춼Ҫ̵ʲô˵Ļ
ҪѪˣ10һ~~
()

18.18 ʹ

18 ʹ
뱻ҭҭ
תͷһѯʵ
ļҸÿնϴ㻨Ǯŵ¡
лû뵽ᵱóĨĨᣬǺί˵ͻȻսǰʱҶ((co)co)ֺæһţܾˡ
С㷢Ҳ˵һҪ֪Ǹٴ㻨Ǯһϵģĸɲҿ㣡⻰ȥⲻ˵ŹҲ硣
һӣĵ˵𣿿Ϊʲô˵㻨Ǯ䣬ֻҵıˣÿ¸еˮ͹̶ѲɻǼԼĵģ
лһû뵽ȻôݵʱǰûٴڸеģôôϬķ
ѵѾͷǰǹװģ
Ҳ֪ԼСЬ(qng)ǳ²࣬һ㻨ǮֵȥҪĿ϶вҵ
ĸ̫æ϶Ūˣһġ
ĸ׹˾ķֺ첻ǹͣģһκϲδԲʱͣ¡
ģ֮һһֲٵĴ㣡ǹ˾ϾǿռˣһµķֺҲû١
üҼǵǹ˾ļ̳ҰɣʲôȨкϲʹ𣿡
ǰ˿ûнҪ̲ĸ׵Ĺ˾Ȼʹ
ֻǵȫұϬ(qng)ʣŭүһۡ
үӻ⣬ڵҷԸģǹ˾ĸֻǴɶѣ㲻ġļҪӪģҾ󲮽ܶ๫˾ϲˡ
ļŵĹؼʱҪּҿԣҪĲҵȴֳܷȥҪһȥģҲļҵĸ
ʣµļҲó䣬ϴεļҲļҵļ̳ˣй涨һð˳ɵģʣµ֡
żĿȷҪּңֳȥ(r)ӿûô̹ž÷ֺ졣
ߣԣǻ˵㡣
Ҵ¶һĻȣҵܷ֣϶ҵǼȻϲ˼壬ôָСɡ
Ҫ˾Ļֹǿտӣû뵽⸸ô޳ܣȻôͿʼ̲ˡ
һֱԹҲûкֵģô׵ռŮĲҵ
ллͶƱ۵~~
()

19.19 ҪҪԣ

19 ҪҪԣ
ǲ̫ƽˣȻѴͷָϴ
ףķּδҲ̫ƽˣѵĶӣǾͲĶŮˣ
үЦϵĹأһ̳мһֵܷ˳ɵļҲǲܶģɲƫģҲǰչذ¡
ȻҲԲּңһٸһλᡣϲŮƿ
Ͼ͹һ׬ǮС˾Ҫʱʱϴɫҧҧ˵֣Ϊʲô֣
ҲûȤְ˵Ŀտӹ˾ҽ֣
үɳ˾ʽͶ뵽ֽ׶εȥˣֵĻҲУԺʽٸ㡣
⣬Ŀүүʹ뽫ҵĲҵռΪ˽ҪĻҾֻˣ
үӱ˼Ҳ⣬ԼӵĲƲӦչ壬Ǹһֳȥ޵Ů
ʲôŲ£п꣬ʵڲоһʱ䣬̲󽫿տӹ˾
ȴܷŵ̨˵ǲ㣬ǵʽ֮ٸߵ·빫˾ºٽ˾Լȥ
ҡҡͷҪȵʲôʱҲͬ⣡
һֲƲָĶӾû³ĵǾû취ˣڹ˾ȷʵûʽ𡣡
үӺˣǿƵ˵ȻˣǾҵְɡ
»ֲүͬǿƣżвĵҪ͵ȼ£Ҫͱֳȥ
ǿˣһҪֳȥͲ⣬Ҫۡ
˹û뵽ս֮ڼﲻ˿۳ԴöȣĸŲҲҪռˡ
ֻ̧նˣүү󲮣˵Ҵ绰¸֪׵ļλϽѡ˵˵ļŰ۸ʿŹ£ǿռŲ(qng)֪øڵһУ᲻ᱻ˱ӣʦǶӡ
֪ļˣл᲻ʲôӰ죡
̧ͷЦЦʣҪҪԣ
լ־뻹һľһŮļѡ
ľ˫a츳Ҳ˫ϵܣ˵һУ츳ףүϲ(i)ΪźܴĴ
()

20.20 һ

20 һ
үľ̳ھеԴϾӹŵ˵ĵλ;Ҷûпɱ()
үӺһֱľܴļҳ׸ͷΪңǰھдĵӣľӾְࡣ
Ҳ˵ǵ߾ľ̸еĵ
үӺ붼û뵽вǣɫ˲˱䣬ѿѡ
Ц绨ΪŵвҪҵóѡҪھ͸׵ĺѴ绰ʦȫүүѡһɣʱޣûг
ү()ӷ㣬㣡
ҲòУѾͷȻһ
־ߣΪвǣȫͻ㣿
ԭ㲻ŰЦݸԣ
˵ʹնϲһȫϢͨ
ƼȽϷÿ˴ӳʼͻ䱸һնˣӵ()ʶǱ˻ʹáȫϢͨȹܡ
ȫϢͨƵЩƣȴֱۣܹͶӰԻ
ܿ죬һϽװȫϢͶӰǰ
ãЦʺá
߲һӵײϽѣҲǿġ
Ŀ(i)ЦС˲٣س˲ٿɣ׼绰ͨѧء
ҪǰţҲ˵Ļȴͨ˶ľ()(qng)£ͨˣͺܲˣкѵķ緶
⻰Ҳó߲һֱڹע(qng)үٴα˱
Ҳ͸˵˵ͨ£뵽һ顣ʱȥܹɶ£͸ղŵ䵭ˡ
¸»۶һʱ䣬ʱ㡣
߲ȫϢڲвļҵˣ˼һתЦʣļΣ
δشүӾ̲סʮֱС˵
ǵĻȻһһѾı(qng)Ÿ߲صаɡ
߲üͻȻĸټææ˽ȻҪ
״˵壬ص۶ȥݷ㣡
¾͸ҵ绰Ҫ˭۸㣬ʲôίܸң߸㰢˵ҲС߲ǿ
ãлл壡ס
ȫϢͨдЦȴû¶ȵĶү˵үүȽʶȤ
ߣռıˣ˵ûţӶûУ
ллͶƱ۵~~
()

21.21 Ǻģ

21 Ǻģ
үĸۣ֮ǰ⣬ھͨȫϢͨȴܲˡ
ɺԶΨһϣɲΪˡ
ҲðһαвҵѾͷ
Ѿͷ˷ϲĵǱйˣһʱ䣬Ժô
־۵()𺣬ڶУЩﶼŪһȺ
ҲȻôһַοͬʱҲóһڶ
Ȧ˺죬ӣ治ŮһĹ
㣬Ǻģү()
Цһֱ֪ԼܺãͲүүٿ佱ˣ
Ͽ콫µĲҵóѡѡɣҿûʱ˷ѣ
ִʱĸĸ͸ǳĳ磬ļҵĳҲݣӲԿ()ӣ̷С˵Ǹơ
үЩӵĿղϴЦȴɢһ˺ӵƣ˵Щӡ
Ȼ(i)ӣɷ϶ӲǰĽҲЩĽʣֻϧӢš
ǰţúΪӵ
ֻڣҡҡͷŮͨ˶磬ѧҲǿжǰ;()񻹱ļϲŷˣֳȥҲã
үӵնԼһЩ˽Լѡɣֻѡǻ㸸ĸµ˾ǵָġ
()ΪӱڿûʸּҲһ䡣
ԽƱػᱻٵĲҵҲûȤУ
ն˿үӷ˽嵥ÿһĸµĹ˾ԶˣǺ⡣
Ҫʦת
ѡһһʳƷ˾һ
үӿѡĲҵˬĵͷãҲǩһתúͬ
ļǰʳƷңĸ׼޽оüҩŽתͳɹԽԽҵ׬Ǯ봦ġ
ǷѡҵôûԶ
һǩ˶˵⣬ĸڵ۶µһƬɽҪңĸģҵĶڻȡתá
ĸΪֲԭʼʳĺҩģ˴ǮɽأҪõ
ɫ˳ƬɽȻڽҲǴֵıȽ˳ȥ䵱ԼĶ뻹
Ҫȥ£12~~~û壬9㷢òƶд꣬컹Ǹĳɺһʱ12㷢ɣ鱬дٸĻôô~~
()

22.22 ֻ

22 ֻ
նϵһԼ
ƬɽѾȥˣһൽڣȵ֮ٸ㡣
ʱȻа취ϣֽŽɽػ鵽Լ¡
ܲµóĴ㣬䵭صɽزȨҵģ󲮲ͬȥⱾͲԡ
ҹȥж೤ʱ䣬ҪǽֲǿأҾֻȫ˵˵Ҹʬδ󲮾ռֶŮĲƲ
ǿƵļ:ȥҵһԪ˧ϽΪ֮Ź±۸ıƲǹܲܣ
һĸ߲ʵ(ͦͦ)չģֻõڶУУʵһҵȥеְ
ʵĳһƤ죬ǺбҪġ
Ȼɫֱ˱䣬Ҫȥˣô֮ڸ㣿
ʼ磬(qng)ˣֻ
ƬɽرСĲȨҪռֻʦˡһڡ
õǵ۹һʦӵİӴû֪ȺǳߣÿӶܹע
үӶˣҪλʦӣʱԻֵ۶˾֪ļҵҪˣ
үӳԴӷԸȥ취Լɡ
СŮԴǼ֮ϲԷŸɣó(qng)ɶǸҲôӵǰ;ܵӰ졣
ֻޱȱĴӦǣ
Ƿּңռ˳ɣǵûʸ֣ǵļ£ʣµɾȫָ塣
ּǶĶǲƲʹ֧϶ȨүӺʹȨٸ档
ңǲӦÿˣ(qng)ʡ
ŮԸ
ҲļҵɢﷹȻζôԵ(ͦͦ)㡣
үӺʹ󷿾ЩʳʣܾһƵ˼㡣
극үʹ󷿣˵˼䣬ĸк¾뿪լ
ĺҲ࣬ڶүӵƫܴ󣬺ҡкһͬһ뿪
ҵĸ첲뿪Ҳûкүӵк
ߵſʱͣ½ŲζתͷүӣүүϲƫĴ󲮣ŮǼġԺҲϣܺúТǣøͿЦˣ
óһӶ˽()ӣүԺûüֵܽߵһ߲ܲˣʱǿɲȴкΪã
ллͶƱԵ~~~϶ŰүӺʹ󷿵ģôô~~
()

23.23 кø

23 кø
үӱʳʣĻθȫʧ÷
㣬ТŮôүү˵ŲҶüҷ㣡
Ųһֱ(i)εĴӺʹӻ᲻Т˳Ѿͷ¡
תͷׯȴųС˵˾ʵȻ붯üҷҲ̫СǼˣ
漴Ͼ֮ɫ϶ҪǸҶұŮһͷҾͺƴԣ
㣡㣡үӽǱòᡣ
ߣζҶŮŮģҶˡ
ȰѻԺ϶Ҫ(r)Ӳùɱ塢СҾ͵ſ϶ⱨӦ˵ֱ뿪
үֱӽƷˣˣˣ
֣ˣʲôüƽϵģһרǸӵģ()Ӷ಻á
ļҿɻҪţԺǴһúТġҲһŭǱݺȴЦ˻̫̫ͶҪһֱôӲȥźá
үӾϲļҵŲ⻰ҲТ˳ģǼТֱǻˣҪҲգ
ͻط
()()ļլģҪһȥסɣ
()()үҵ֮үӻǰŪ˽ӵĶ£ûжٸ(qng)ûҪʣµʱļ˷ѡ
Ц˵һߣһЩ(qng)л϶ȥġ
ļҾͺãҲû̫˼ˡ
()()̬ȼᶨ̾˿ðɣҪȥʱס
Ӱ⣬ԭ()ӵľ()()Сã̳˶Էĸ(qng)ҲкøС
ãҵͷʣ׼ʲôʱȥأ
Ҿȥҷӣ뽫ƬɽصʹȨҾͰȥլ
()һļݸ֮ǰһ(to)ڶУķӣԭƽȥϢڵǿֱˡ
ӹļЩů()()ĸ쳼ǰǱȽϴļ壬ûҲڶĩβ()()ĸţǼĸȨҲ˲Żᱻ޸үү
޹ʱûжټױҵʽޣܹڵڶУһ(to)ӣѾ㾡ˡ
лл()()֪ƾԼı£ҪǮһ(to)Ӳѣɻûоܾ()()⡣
()

24.24 ڿʼջأ

24 ڿʼջأ
صסС¥սͿڵȴӰ
ӰͿֱ׵ʣСôּҵˣ
Ҳּܷҵ𣿡
ǲ֪жѡ㻹ܹǣҪûļҵıӻʱܱ۸Ҳ׾ݣ(r)ûô򵥣һΪõĵġ
ܾҪƿˣɵЩĻţҪ˵ļҡ
ЦһͲ((co)co)ˣ
ԭ()ĸȥΪ˱ӾչˣҲ˱Ӱų()ӣʲô(qng)ҪʹԷŻȫƿš
Ӱеɫ˳СôˣҵĻȥ𣿡
ҲΪãʲôв((co)co)ˣȥĸ׽˵껹()Ĳ˲۽ǣίѡ
ɲԭ()Ӱ¶Էʲô˻ҲνݺǶǵˡ
һתҽ̲ǿĸ׵ϣѣѲΪҵĳˣ
ӰЩִǶǲ͵Լ()ݣ
۾̧סӰ°ͣо㲻Լ()ɣһūͶѣȻͼ˵ľΪ̫ãĵôڿʼջأ
㰲ر֣úõĴڶңҾͰˣſӰóһӲ˲֣Ȼˡ
Ӱɫ˱䣬¶ѿ۵Ҳŭɫ衣
û뵽ȻԼ˵Ļһĳͼɻ̯̲סԹޡ
žЩĻţѵ֪ʲô
ǲ˭ǰǵĸ(qng)ζңΪĸףҲܶ㲻ܲˡܿס(qng)ʼ(qng)ƣ֪ˡ
ڵȴʹⲻʵģԺֻüסΪū͵ı־͹ˣ
žֱӰ()Խ¥˷䣬Ŀ();ֵӰ
ص֮о()Щϴ()Ͽʼ
ڶһ磬оҪĶȫ˿ռų׼ȥ()()͵(to)￴˳¡
·һʱеŵһɵѪζԭҪƵ׼ͷ·ͻȻսܵһϤϢ
΢΢üͣӿڣ˽ȥ
ллͶƱԵ~~Ľ0֮󱬸~~~ôô
()

25.25 

25 (qng)
Ӻȴ㰵Ϻ߰żˣĴ()Խ˹ȥ
ߵͷͼΨһѵ˿ĿǽϣѪһε¡
ʣ(qng)𣿡
ϢЩ̧ͷаһЦżɳȴ()УѾˣ
֮ˣ
˹ȥ()ǰǼ⶯˶()ϵĶˣܰѹƣ
һϲǷ˵(qng)̫á
üҪѹƶػ(qng)
ѹֻǵһһ㳹׽(qng)ĿȾŵʡ
ЦЦҩʦҽûа취ȷܰҳ׽ⶾ
Ļش𣺡ǣң˵ܾͿ϶ܣ
ҪһЩʱ䡣䡣
һ㶼δ룬ûܽ嶾ĵҩ
ִ̧ļϣУҾͰԼʱˣ
о()˼֣֪һֱӲŶر߳
ڶ־˰ɱҪ֣ɱЩ鷳
СʶЩ̫ȴǿŵķ¥
һ(to)ķӣѾȫװãȫ(to)ļҾߡ
߽ͷ()ϡ
ȥҩȰѹƶأ֪õ
ӣȫ()̵ѹȫ()Ҫѿʹã
ܵóûж⣬Ҫ(qng)͸һˡ
鷿滹һ(to)ҩģ()()ĺܵ
ԭ()ĸĸ߼ҩʦʵҲȽ츳ֻǺ͸һֻҪҳ屨𣬼֮ӰǱĬӰ£ҩϵѡսϵ
Ӱ⼸ԭ()ӴҩʹֻһЩƤëȫǱϵĽࡣ
ħóҩ˸ԭ()ҩĳʶ˽⣬ʼ
ȺʧΣѧϰ˹ؼóһܱɫҩҺ
ӵкĻ꣬ѧʲôʲôҪñ֪һνӴҩξܳɹóҩǵһɡ
ҩƿţι£˯˹ȥʶȴɱѣ()ǿ
ڿɳϣն˽뵽֮С
()

26.26 أ

26 أ
ĿƼǳܹԼնӽ뵽һȫģʵٵ硣
ҲΪвɻȱһ֣кܶר칫
ҪһЩƷʳģֻҪµ߽ĳѡУʺܿͻܻ˽͵ǳ㡣
ųˮĽֵٵҵ·ˣ()ʵеĸоҲ̾Ƽ档
߽һҳУҪƷѡ˳
ȴһЩĵطûֻ࣬вͬζƷƵˮϴĺͻƷ඼һЩȡ
ƵʱĻƷûУΪԭʼãԼ۸ߵףնǱһһ(to)
ƷԽܣʳƷЩˡ
ƴɫ㶹ŻɫİײˡˣϹϴСӵȣŻƵļѼģͺ֣Щ˹ʳġ
һЩ׼ȥ˳һȦһֵĸߵҵԭʳġ
ƴǱһǱһײǱһãǱһǱһֱһĹ
˻ֻʣǱңҪԭʳᳬһ¾ͽù⣬ѹôѡӪ
룬һЩǧǱҡ
˺˵ַ뿪У˹䣬ȥ˻ᡣ
еĲͿģʵζͿڸлɵڣԭʳĵĿڸУصҪ˺ܶࡣ
һΪŵʱĦȣһڲûоеҩҲпȣأѹûʲô˵㡣
ֵһŵʱڵĺ裬ȥ֮ͬ³
ζûУȴŸϡŹֵζС⡢ȣȿȻѺȡ
²豭ǱҵˣҲ˽⵽һЩʳĻҲ׬Ǯķ
磬ĶҲѾ͵
Ų緹ʱ䣬ʳĽ˳
ȽϲʳÿȥɫСԲƷ˸飬⿺Ʒʳ˵һܡ
ʳ˳˳Ϸ
·ħóϣҲҪζڸк֡
ԭʳ˷ѳཷ˿ײ˺ը()úԼθ
ʱˣҩ֮ЧܺãֻˣҲõ˿ƣЩ⡣
ϴŵ˷˵ζͻȻоܶ
ллͺͶƱ~~~Ӱ˵дڲдѪ⼸ٿʼŸ£Ȼдôô~~~
()

27.27 УԻأ

27 УԻأ
հѷ˶ͼ߳
Ѿ÷ˣһ԰ɣ
Ҳ(qng)ã
½ӹݹķȽòĵлл
һӳУζŷ֭ζٴ򿪡
ǰûгԹѳǹŵʱڴȽɫĲףȴǵһξôóԡ
ּཷ˿ײ˺ը()žȫͣˡ
ƽſȴܺãŹ
극ʰ£ûܻ⣬ϴʲôĶȫ
ħóһҶȥ˿
ܿ죬ĴɳϵķҪɡ
ǲ裿ӹӿ峺ĽɫЩ졣
ͷǰܺȹĲͬҸϲֲ
ӹСĲʵڽܡ
һڣȹĲȻͬڸ嵭ҷҲϲֲ裡
Ŀɳ豭ҩˮƽͣˮ׼Ҳܸߣ
ԵĲôζģȻƽԺӪǳԷνġ
ڲŷ֣ԭԷһܡ
Ҳǵһκȵֲ裬ڸϲ
΢΢һЦΪҲ
Ҫ׽()ϵĶһҪһЩʱ䣬ȳɹóҩҸ㡣
岻ʼ磬ûϵҲǵʱ䡣
ʲôʱأ첻׼լˡ
аЦߣ㲻Ҫ(qng)𣿡
ڱϳ˼ţ޴ȥҽһʱɡ
Ϊļ˵˳оڵĶطýҩҶʱҲܰѹһ
ԭ׼ȥҽסģȴıˡ
üУԻأ
ϲһ徲
ƦƦ˵Ҳϲ徲Բġ
üģǿҼң
֪Ҿסѣ
˿ڲ裬Ȼ˵㲻Ҫ(qng)(yn)Կʼˣ
ͻȻЩô֮ǰҪΪʲ³һⶾ(qng)
˼Թˣ
Цʣܰҽ𣿡
ܡĿҪùˡ
¶һҺܴȵģڿʼ궾ʱϢҲҪ㲹ˣ͵סѰɡ
û뵽һ￴ſģôҪһ棬ϹУԵ衣
ǷǮĲǴүһү(ͦͦ)ġ
()

28.28 

28 
ŲߣƵĿ
Һֲ죬йŮͬһң̫ðɣ
Ϊ˵ദ첻ˣ
Ŀϵµûǿ⣬Сѿ()Ŀ᲻ҵȤԷ԰ȫᷢõ(qng)
һڣɳ۾Ϲ˰ɣôÿﳤǿˣ
()ȷʵЩҲ㲻Сѿɣ
᲻˵أ
ֽ̧ס˳һܵ˵УƯˣ
עŮƯƯ(ͦͦ)˳۵ġ
ôˣס죡
ǵһӦŮˣɺҪˣæ()()廹ЩȻطϢˣ
һ˵ķ壬Щҧгݣ쵰
һŲߣҲûа취
Ķðںãְѻ˲ˣŻصԼķ硣
үүﻻҵõֹǿտӣҪʵͶת
ûصĵأͶʹöʱҲ׬Ǯ
ϲӪϲ˹ʳģԭʳֵһʿ֧
ħûд߲˺ˮֻӺ磬ڳ˲ٻ£ʡ㡣
ħмٴֲãҲҪ䣬ǰʯҲ֪ûʯûеĻȥѰԴ
ڷǳȱǮҵǮĻС
пһȦֱȽ׬Ǯܻӭľҩħƻ¡
ħƻ¿Լӳֻ׺()ܣٶȡݶȡǿȵȡ
ƻ漰ļȽϱܣһܽӴõģʦǸһעͻᱻ˾ߣֻл׹˾Żгۡ
һ̨׵ĳۼ۸Ƿǳģ׬ԲС
ɼ壬ǻֻ꣬Ʒƿޡ
²ħƻºͻףӦÿ
Ի׺(ͦͦ)ȤҪǼʻԼƵĻ׵ɱȽˬ
Ҫѧϰƻ׺ħƻµĻҲҪǮ÷һš
ҩѵĻγ̣һȽİ࣬׼ÿȥѧϰ£ȻõȽϴڵҩ׬Ǯ˵
ȴѾ˰
ͼڿɳϣеһߺȲ裬һ߿ȫϢӰ
ʮȻĿѣʱҪˣ
ͻȻ֣ȥſһȭỨĳ嶯
һ㶼û˵ľȫﵱԼһʲôУУԹż񣬷Ǹ
һдͿɹ~~~ллͺͶƱףôô~~~
()

29.29 Ƿʰ

29 Ƿʰ
ҲЩˣ߽ĲѾʣࡣ
۸뷬Ѽ档
֮󣬷Ծϴ˹
Եô򵥣ǰһ棬̧ͷһĲ⡣
Ƴһۣ(i)Բԣ
ͷ
ԭʼʳĻȱ˵ڵζ۸ֹףøϿ߲ˡ
ƲƲ죬Ů˵Ƣ
⼦浹(ͦͦ)ģ˼ŵ۾ζá
нͷ׺ϲ
ʣ㻹׼סã
°ͣסѧɡ
ü㲻˵ֻס𣿡
סϢ㣬ʲôʱҽ궾ϢʲôʱҲǷˣŮ˵ζܷĿζȻǶԵġ
Цү֮ǰǶһ(qng)ûȤôˣ
年ȣĳƺˣ٣ҸǴ٣
ΣԭǶ㻹(qng)ûȤɲҪҿķϣǺĳȫˣ
ǰһǸ
νʼ磬ҪϲƺҲ⣡
УҪסѧû⡣ֵѣ
ĵûУ
һۣҪ𣿡
̯̯֣ҲҪҵ˻ˣҲû취
ֲԪ˻ᱻ᣿
Цẓַ̇˭涨Ԫ׵Ķ˻ͲܱˣѵҶģ
Űɣ汻ϳˣ
ͷ԰ϳ˼ţ˻
ӲѣԪ׹ӻеҰ
ƽûԼ˽Ǯ
ҡҡͷûУ
ðɣӮˣ
һ۵ûа׳ԵͣҪҼסҾͲˣ˵Ϣһ(r)͵֧
ε˵ҪǷţ˻⿪֮󻮸㣿
û˵ԭʼʳô˻ϵǱֻ죬ҿ㣡
ֻѡҪôҸɻѣҪôԼӪ߽һ(r)ͣ
ȲִСźųүǷʰ
հ·ȥˣ~~~
()

30.30 үģ

30 үģ
Ⱦżζ򹤸ɻûе˼
ѡһĲˣҲӪ߼ֲˡ
ָӣڿʼҪҸɻ
վ()ָָϵ룬ȴϴ뿪ʼɣԺҲɨˣ
УСû(qng)Ҳ⡣
ѵøɫлܼʻ𣿡
ҡҡͷܼʻˣʻҲҪģġ
üʲô
ܻߴ𣿡޹Ļص
Ѿ֪ҪôԼ˹(qng)ԺסҼң㶼ҵİţ
ˣѴǿܽܣһ()ݸ߹˵õĵط
Це˵аԺ緹ôҪһ
͵ǿԳ棬ҲԣûŻ
һһǸɻģүģ
㱻ϳûطȥûǮԷ
˵()ͻ˷䣬Լ̲סҪˣ
ںһʵϵеǵȽڶkoɡ
ཱུĻ˷䣬崽߹ƦЦζĻȡ
ϵսӵϴҲ˷硣
߽һãֱ˶¥
boss߽ȥڰ칫()ĺ
嵭ĵͷ˰칫ҡ
һ䣬Ҳ硣
в˵()ݺòʵ()ȴԴϵͳѡһɫиģҲԲԭֻҪϵͳʶС
ԭ()֮ǰʵò½ģѡһ()ݽɫĻᡣ
룬ѡһɫ˸ģȻȡΪȥҩΡ
ִʱ˸ĸ⣬һһ㣬һʱռ籩ϯġ
()Ҳи͵ıԼɸͽ㣬Ҳͬ硣
Ǽ˶ĳƺ
ĸʱʧˣǸģ(qng)ֵͨܽøܶ࣬ܹܿ͸طꡣ
ѵҩһİ칫¥ϣڵһͷ׿ϱȽϺͰŮʦ
һڵĵһڿΣȽԼûκΆµĿʼϿΡ
λе˹ŮʦʮϽҩʼĻȴ˾ÿѧٵĶ
Σ뿪Һȥͼݡ
ллͺͶƱ~~~ôô
()

31.31 Ҳ˭ģ

31 Ҳ˭ģ
ҩΣһЩҩֺʶг룬Ҫȥͼҩֲձ
Ƽ鶫Ϻоˣֽŵף
еͼռƷǳȫΪabcdeeѿţdϾҪշѡ
ҵҩֲȫ
ӵл꣬ۿʲôԹĿҲܽȫ
Ż˿ũͼȫ
Щǻϣڶȫ
˼ʷ鷭ġ
ԭڵʵǰĹŵֻǧǰͻȻһڶɣ˴ѡ
ϵ˺Ͷֲﶼʼ죬˽ߣֲҲ˹()ǿޣֲ
ȹһں󣬾ʱ䣬Ӻڶһ˳ȥΪռһ
ܴĿƼϵķչҲܱ߲ٵСʹá
ռ仹򣬴඼ȽѺã˴֮Ҳк
ȴһ򱻳ռ죬ʮְԵϲʳĴսҲΪ˸ͬĴС
ŵ򾭹֮󣬻Ļ࣬˽֮Ԫ׻ǻᡣ
ΪЩѱǨʹùŵʱڵʳĻ֡ĻʧúأҲųΪһʱС
ЩϣҲ˽˺ܶࡣ
˹٣ߵܻǰ˿Ľܣabħƻ¡׺ҩ鼮Ƶ
һСʱҪһǱңڻ
ͼݣȥһЩԭʳģ˭üһŲߵĴү
ڶϷֱһζѡ
ϴ߳ȥͼϷ̰Ӻࡣ
Ūһƹϣӳ˳
㵹ǻʱ䡣û˵
Ѿϰ̬ȣЦָָİӣôžӨ͸ģ
ˮˮʰǰ϶ûԹôóԵġ鿴ʳףаӿȴֻǵ()žûʲôʳ()Լպš
һŵУƯһ˲ųĹʣζܺð
ųһЦݣǵȻҲ˭ģ
УˣһΣһ߳ԣһ߲ĵĿ佱
ŮĶ̫ζˣִڸ֮()˶̲סԣȷʵ
дȥˣҾ鷢ʱ÷ֿУ~~һŹһСʱˣ̫~~ȡʱһ~Ȼĳʲôʱ~~
()

32.32 Ҳ˭

32 Ҳ˭
ϲ˿ԼģҲ΢˳һЩ
ͷ˼࣬ÿȥаʱȴֻʣˡ
Եô죡ɴ۾ûʼҪˡ
һ㶼Σܸˣȵɡ
ʵŮİ̫ˣûԹء
ٶ̣ζĲһ䡣
ҧгݵǿҼңͣ
֪ܰĺһ࣬ԲŸȻһˣ
һҪĳ
лл佱岻ƦЦ
˻ֻмǧǱңĳԷٳԭʼʳķͻˡĬԼȲҪȽһ˵Ŀ
Ϊʼ磬ȻأⲻӦÿǵ𣿡
ӣָָ̧ţҪ׳԰׺Ȱס㵱ԼСأ
˵̫Ҫˣ
Ҫƽ˭ôͷ˵ˣ߽һ뿪ˡ
ɿģĪľÿ(i)档
Ȼص㻹᲻һ(r)͵ʳ
ҲǴӦԼ£ҲܹҰ
ֱ׳˵⻹ԭӦ÷ʡ£
û㻹(ͦͦ)ݵġְһۡ
Цл佱
ߺߣҳȥһˣҪǻֻ׳ԲɻҾֻʳдˡв
˫֣ĸɻ˰ɣ
ŲҪ˹ЩʳģӪء
緹˸ݳһ̣
ϣһ뷹Ҳ֮
()۲ѣ̫ܳˣԵÿɶǱҰ
ܵԹĿ⣬ŵĳֽ˲죬һڳ()أҲܴԳԵ治ࡣ
ʵ˵ķеˣҪ̵ܴٶһ˾͸ˣ
еֱ˹ȥ
ֵ̧סӣСƢôһ꣡
ҶǱġߺߣƽҿˣ
ңĻ󲻳һͷߣ֪֮ǰ˵ʱ˭ɱҰײС
᲻˵أ
ŮҪߣ˼һתˣҪҴȥűɡ
üʲôط
նһӡŹ÷뺯ȫϢͶӰ˵㣬óãֻյ뺯ˣ˻ٶǮȥ
ȥһ뺯Դһ顣תע
ʱȤȥ
Ҳȫûѵÿһ䡣
̧̧°ͣǵȻˣҲ˭
~~лл͡ͶƱԵ~~~½Ϳʼĸôô~~~
()

33.33 

33 
Լߵʮóſڼ
ߵ磬ȥ˵ʳģȥóá
ܴ󣬿ȴʵһ·ֻҪȥĵط˲ܴ͹ȥʮֵķͽԼʱ䡣
óֻһ()ŮŮ½߽ȥ
ſվŵ˺ܶ࣬ɷȴ۵ġ
վ̨ȫ()ɢһֲʧſʣԱһװӺ˵һĲãֿ̧˿
ŷ߹ȥ̨׾ͱ
С㣬ٿᣬ˵Ȳڣһ˿ڡ
üʣô֪Ҳǲμأ
ʾ뺯ɣ
õϵͳеģŴҲܼ򵥣μֵȼӡ
ᣬμӵĿͻʵò()ݣŴҲܹ
й򻪹ҲҪǱҵġ
˰϶ˮˡ
̧ͷ壬˫һ״˲׼ҽȥ
һֱڵȻͽȥˣ¿˹ȥ
òıˣɶԷ̬ȴһϳ
˵Ҳû˸ô
첽˹ȥɫĶ԰ʣŮ飬
סİû뵽ȻǷŮ飬ʱһ
ʵǰ۲μʲôλٶûдŮ顣
ûֻв£ԲٵŮ顣
˵ƷŵúܵͣĶһƣС룡
ԽˣߵԱߣ˵߰ɣ
ͷߡ
ʱ˹Ŀ()ǻ£٣λǣ
һǷģʲô£
һҭȰ˵Ԫڼңȥһˣ
˵ʲôʱȢǸŮ˵ľʲôʱȥȻ͵ûӰɡ
ΣԪҲԼĿǣѾ˶磬Ԫ׶ӣټȥӰ츸Ӹ(qng)ġ
㷳˵ˣֻҪı⣬ҾͲȥġ
۵ĲͷУԺ(ɧɧ)ң
ӣĸ첲ֱ߽˴á
()

34.34 Σ

34 Σ
뿪֣ɫȴ¡
ҪȢˣ
Ԫ׵ʮǰȥȫ֪(qng)
Ƴһۣô
ôֻǸ̾ѹ㱻ϳţ˻ʼ硣
ֻӹܶȢ޵ģ˾Ȼˡ
Ӹղӵ̬ȿһƽ϶ܵó裬Ʒƻ˶磬˺ȥ
ûԪ׵ķԸ˾Բš
ڻûŴԪ׶ϢԪǺӵĸܡ
ЦһһΪΪʲô߾ҹ̫ܵˣ
ЦЦÿ¶ԼĿǣ㷴Ըٻ飬϶ɡ
˵㸸ףҲȨԼĿû̫ˡ
ɲǸУǺǸŮ˵Ż
ʧЦۻǺϵġ
ƻ˶磬ͼ⣬˶ȡ֣ѵ˵ôĻ
ðһ䣬㸸׺ǸҪȢŮ(i)𣿡ʡ
Ц(i)Ϊʹˡ
ҶΪ棬ҸȢǸŮ˻ȥ貢ûʲô˵ģȴĺᡣ
˳ᷳĵǸŮ˿ɲʲôƲ磬ȢؼҾǻ
ˣĸǺءͻȻ£ŹֵĿһ˵
һ˵ǻˣϧҺĸʶ˶ûϵ
ȴ¼
ȵ˵㣬ҲǨŭġ
Ϊʳ벻Ǩŭ
ЦЦ˵ʵǨŭȻȥġ
սĶ䣬ƦЦ³֣Σ
()󿴵˶㶲ѣ׷׶ԱߵŮ棬ļҲ¶()ݵС㣿ǸƽŮӣ
()󣬳Ԫ׼ҵ⣬ǵһļ̳ˣٽ˱˰ᡣ
Ѿ׼˸ֿȡ衢Ϻ㡣
ԼһȣʣҪ𣿡
ҡҡͷ
һڣƽȵζ࣬ǰϲҲᣬȴúѺȡ
ʣǲúȵĿ
ңԼһˮ
ħûֳɵĿȶȴϰҹõĿ磬Ժֳܺȵɽˡ
ƲƲ죬ûȤ
ҪúȵĿһҪһƷĪڴ
ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

35.35 ˣ

35 ˣ
ܿ쿪ʼһ۵Ų̊
ۣɫòôʽҲûǸζ
һͷߵǣ·ϯŵĲ˾Ȼۺÿ
ն˲˲飬ۿʽܼ򵥣ȱֹϹζĸҲһ
ֲ˲壬ŷѾϾ˴С
Ҳ⣬ڱڶļͻͱޡֲĶͳԱݳޣﻹȥЩֹա
ն񣬡ʲô
̧ͷЦʣ֪Ҫô((co)co)𣿡
صרŸ˾ˡߵöǸ߶·ߣҪҪʾ()ݣҲҪ
()ݵ˲𣿡΢΢ü
ĽеĿȷŻϣȻˣ()ݵ˺ƽȫᱻ⣬¶ôͳƷ
ʲôսʡ
˺ܴʻожϳҲûۣ
ָָۣ·()ϴ֣
м˵·ȻǱΪݳƷ۸ҲȽϰ󣬿ɻء
ҡҡͷҪȻֻɫģûɣ
壿ĸǹŻļ壬ԹŵʱڵĶ֪Ĳ٣⿴޸ģͼƬ(ͦͦ)ƯģɴȴѾϾˡ
Ź̽Ŀ˵壡
ң塣
С峤󣬳⣬ĺܶණȽϸȤʳ塢ȡ
ĴԣݹʦƷʱޡ
Ҫһۣ˵練ơ
ֻ˿ߺ˿е鷳
˹Ĳ˿ֲܴڣ̫͵ˣԭ˿ǳ٣Ҳ˼۸ס
ħɣ磬ǮȥֻԭʱóһٿҴ۵϶
¾ֻ߱ǱˣһǮѵһӢۺ
ԹĿ˷һۣҪ׳԰׺Ȱסļһûб˻ͺˡ
ܵĿ⣬Щëëģûɣ
ƲƲ죬
廹ǵһαŮһֱսĵ߰
Ҫǻ˸ôţֱϳȥῪ
Ϊʳˣ
ʵԼҲû뵽ΪһڳԵģȻ()ôã
()

36.36 

36 
Ůˣܸ˳䲻ľȡ
ʮ**塣
ָ˵ҪҲûа취һ˰æġ
ü𣿡
嵯һָ̧°ſ⣬һҵģ
ЦˣڿΪҴ򹤻ǮģҪʹ㣬õ󣿡
ʵҲֻôˡ
û뵽Ҳôʱ򣬴ҧгݵζУ
ҪͣԣΪԼȡ
û˵űǮȥԭʳĸ˰
ϿһȻصֶϾյĶ۸϶͵ġ
һܹߣһչᡣȫ()ְĹʡ
ĵ˿˿ҲҪǱĺˣǿǿҪԲϷˡ
һۣ˵˷ô(qng)
һۣһ̫ˣ
⣬ҵİ䣡
쵰ֵҧгˡ
Ҫ뿴ʲô̻˦ˡ
廵Цлл佱

ȥƷһЩŵʱڳĴ롢ͭȣ(r)Ⱥܸߡ
һȽֻͨĳһǱҵļ۸۾
ǣѹƷȻһֻ
һĹŵִʦֻһкá
óƲƲ죬ûҴĺء
ᴵ
ᰡһȾһĸױȽϲСʱ̹ңϲҡ
ĸӦһλŵŮӰɡָо
ףţҸݣĸǴˮī߳ˡ
Ӧ(i)ϧĸš
һҲ**ĵٰʮǱҡ
û뵽һֻȻģɵø̾ǰͨһʮ򵽡
ȻĽӿڵڴʱھˣǹŵʱڱģȻˣҪʵĹͻ˲٣ɫܴ󡣡
ֻƷʱöˣȥǧ򣡡
Ӳ״ҾԲóȥġ
һۣˣ
˼ĸȥ˵ħٿռӡ
ллͺͶƱ~~Ҫȥμһۻᣬ鲻ܶĸˣôô~~
()

37.37 

37 
ħûһֱߣѡ
ܽӡӿٴ
ᣬһ뿪硣
һʱ䣬֮ǰΪϲ÷ħֽī˳
ɫˮȾɷֽīɣֽ̿ϻ÷ĸ񻭣Сһʫ
óԼӡ¸ϣһֵġġҲϰߡ
֮ùռīɣϵĺ濾俴ȥīҲϾ˺ܶࡣ
óһ˵ҩģϵѬȾ
ԼһСʱǴۻɫϿѾǧʷɫζŨ
رӡӡġġ֣һֹ֮С
չ𣬱ȥÿͷš
ѵź()򿪡
Ϳ˻ɫһĻ
꿡аź顣
ϰ()ûд·˳ŲӻͭɫƤ()еİ˿鸹ߣ()С
û뵽һ·()ô()С
ĿϣһȾаЦ()ĺɣ
Ĳִ˴()Уǿǿܿ
һڣҸ
˹ָ㣬ȥ·ãڿ㣡
ֽͷ鷢ץ£ΪʲôҪģһûأ
üҪԭʳľӪԲ
ʮת()ֱȥ˿
ݣ忴ıӰһת()ȥ軻·ȥ
£̧ʣʲô£
еĻݸҰ⸱ˣǱԽԽãҪǳһʮҸ˵Ļᡣ
ǸһϻĸãһȽԢ⣬һʮҲϣġ
ȻǷٰæȥǰᣬҪԼȥĻһǲˣǿıǸö
Ĵ򿪻ᣬ㿴÷Сʮֵζʫûģʮֵķ⾳ҲƯ
ʲôطŪĹŻȲѵʡ
ܵĸҴġ
ĸǱȽϹϵĹҽңȻû䵽ʣһϵˣͷȴܺãԺʲôùż崫Ӧ
νĹҽʵҽҲȽó
ĦŻɣĸ崫еĶôȥأԭʳĵǱ취
()

38.38 һܳ˲ɣ

38 һܳ˲ɣ
û뵽˿شС
İڰ֣û£⻭ҼҶǣһȥûϵ
ˣ岻޳ɵ˵ʾ̣㶼ȥˣԺͲˡ
Ｋˣһ˰ɣ
ƳƳ㻭ģˣ
⻭ȥôǧʷˣôǲŻģ
ֻһ䣬װﲻԼȥ쿪ʼͳӪɣһвٴء
ЦãŮôôȰأԺҪǺڣɱң
ôζĹŻ̫ˣȱԺ˼ҿ϶
еĻˣϿȥ
һͷߣŮ˻ã
ĸϻôΣֺߺߡ
屧Ż()ĸϻĸ
һڣԱߵı˹ȥ쵰Ͽ
㿪˾֣Уĸϻˣ
ȻŻžˡ
źСȥ㡣
źԭȥҸ߼ʼ۵ģȴӵүӵĵ绰㿪լ
ܼſڵţүˣ
:үүأ
ү鷿ءܼҹ˵
ͷţȥ
鷿һ()Ľ˶ȥʮҵӣд鷨
үү߽ȥ
үӸպһʣ̧ͷʣʲôأ
صһҰæĹŻ
үӶʱȤŻҿ
ĵүүҪġ
үӵһۣ֪һܳ˲ɣ
Ž˹ȥ˻ң
үүʱǸǿԽԽС
Сӣѵ̰㶫үӴ˴ӡ
ӹչԭĵ¶֮ɫƷλǹŵʱڵľ÷գ֮˻ܸ߳ľӵİġᡢܺõչֳʫֱգ
Ĵȣû
үƽϲŵʱڵ黭ҲʱīõĹֺ͹ŻҲղء
ǣҲ˭ѵĻЦЦ
үӳԵĿƬ̣ñŲţûˣ
˲ǿүү˼Ұæġ
үŲĺЦ֪ģҲö(i)Ȼæ²ͳˣ
ڱŻլˣҧгݵ˵ҵ˻ˣûǮ
˼ѳۻᣬųд~~~ллͺͶƱ~~
()

39.39 ⻹

39 ⻹
үһͬĿŷ塣
ҲɵģѶƻˣҪʲôҳߣ˻ǺԼȥ
һ£ô֪λôݣֱӶ˻
Ҳǵһα˻Ū˸ֲųеġ⵰
үү⸱Ҫû⣬Ǳ㣬һˡ
ǿҪǲǮͿߣǾûš
үӴ˴ӣйһҩѶءΪҲ֪㿪Ǹ˾׬Ǯˣһѣ㶼᲻͸үү
巭˸ۣүү֧黨ѲĴٻȥҪѣǸȫҪԼ˾Ͷȥˡ
ҲһĿ˻ȱڶ첹ˣǱҰ򻭣һæ¾ء
÷٣ҲҰ׳԰׺ȣֱǮˡ
үѵ˵ûõ⣡
ȥӣô㣬˵ģ˻ͽⶳˣӵĻ
ҾԲЭģǸŮһͲ޽ǻˮ
()Ҫȥ⻭һȥмɡ
ү㿪һ㶼֪Т˵ĳСӡ
㼸ŮТеǮ
үӺߺߣǼ⣬ҲŲмء
ţ㲻м֣Ҫһ׵֣˼𣿡
ү޵͸װɣ֪ɱǮأȥ
Ҽ˻ˣʲô취ε̯̯֣Ҳˣ
˼һת飬ҪȥҺҰ˵˵˻ⶳˣҾԼǮ㡣
үӼæ֣ɵ˰ɣƢéʯͷֳӲӲŲͷȥء
һͷߣǳӮɡ
ӿڲ˵ãүӸǶֵġ
үӺݺݵһۣӲƽϣ㶮ʲô
ҲѻҡɲȥӪ
үˣûˣԼȥ㶨
˺ڣͷôϲӵĶĹȥ𣿡
Ƶ˵ˣɻвٸõĹŻҪûǮԺҪٳ֣ԲҰæˣ㻹벻ٶҪ
ү⻰£ԻǷųߵ㣬СӣӸתǱңˣ
Ϊ˸ĹŻֻΪ(i)()ˡ
ŵЦ⻹࣡
ĻĸҵȰд귢ˣ˫̫((Ʊ))ˣʣµ19Ҽ~~
()

40.40 ͸㶨ˣ

40 ͸㶨ˣ
үˬĻǱҸ壬˳ŵĴҡ
忴նϵĵϢһﾡЦ⣬Լ׬ǧǱһҪˣԵˣ
үӴӴҳͼԼЦǸ͵ȵĺ꣬ԵʣСӣǲǽŮˣ
еЦ⣬үүˣ
Цʲôү̽˵ʵѾŮˣҲŵڣֻҪ˳۾ˡ
үϵɱЦƷʳŮʲôûȤ
ү̾˿һ㱧ء
Ҫүү⼸ӶûأҾ͸Զˣ
ڷҵһУСһҲܳġ
үӰڰ֣ˣЩһһҲôˣӴСûһʡĵġ
ԼүүҪ(ɧɧ)תƻ⣬үүһ£
үҲԼӽлլ¡
ţģˡ
ͷһֱ˼˵ڡ
үϵʧóһļݹȥһ˵ϴ㱻Χ(qng)еͷˣȻй¶١
彫ļһ䣬Ҳڲء
漴̧ͷүʣҪǼ漰£үүôأ
үº͵ĿޱȣߵҹݺԼˣȻ
ɵʣ⣿
ҡҡͷûУֻǲ²ˣϾǴҳͻȻı·ֻм֪
ȻҲпܳͨ;鵽ģҲϣ˺ҡʼ硣
үӵͷͺã鵽˭㣬ӻġ
ԽΨһӣϲͿصӣҲͶµĵһ̳ˡ
˭ҪǸҶСӣ˭ۣĶŮС
年֪ؼʱ򣬻ͷס
үһ£ûûСġ
ˣղ˵ʲôʳүүҲȽϲʳǲӦТ£үץס˹ؼ
վ()үүϻˣ()()λǣ
Ȼ󲻵ү˵һ̾ˣүӿıӰӵۣ˳Сӣ
լͿ˹Ԣ
պÿһ¯Сɳ͸㶨ˣ
()

41.41 ʰ·

41 ʰ·
žŵζĿŵϡ
˵ҳи㲻ģ
ߵ£һµһĴүģү磡
һã
Ŀɳϣҿûã
Ȼն˻˻Σ֪˶𣿡
ϴЦݣűߵԱ£٣
˳ֽıһӵ۾ɲ
ŮôʲôôóԣǰɴԱЩΪŮ˳Ե⡣
Цʣ֮ǰ˵һʮǱҿԵ죬Ҫøأ
ǵɪ֪һ϶˲٣Ǿټ졣
̫ˣôҲӦõ˰°ɡ彲ۻۡ
ɲ˳ŸһܣԺ£ֺټʱ䡣
Ҫ˵κηȻһܶûС
Ĳͷʣ벻ҪǱˣ
ɪģ벻ˣ
вң
ЦӴֵһĲ˻ܶأˮ㡢˴Ϻ()ͷ()Ŷ
һǼʮס
˵һЩˣԹģ()ˮȣζȴһ㡣
ôͻȻеˣʰ·磬УӮˣ
ŶʲôҲ֪ʳʲôû
ĿһۣôŶ㲻֪
ҡҡͷ֪ʲôʳ𣿳Ҷ֪ء
ն˲˲飬ŷϲûйڶļء
ǱȽ鷳ģɶգѾǶɹڰʱͬϾ˴С
ܺóԵʳģԺлŪ㳢֤ϲһʱѧԶΪʳĵĲɫ
ʱȤ͵Ŷˣ
Цãһﻹ湻ģû취ҪƶﲢûУջɽһƬ
ղ˳˲飬Ҳûлƶħպлƶ֡
ʱɵԼϲռʳġֲӺϰߣȫϡ
Ҳ֪ʲôǻƶУóǾͶֵ㡣
㻹û˶ǱءĿץɵ֡
ֱӽǱһô۸𣿡
ԭƻȥһʮ˭֪һ˵ͿүүͷҪ֪£֪᲻ùȳ
أд鿨дһ20~~
()

42.42 Ҳ̫˰

42 Ҳ̫˰
̧ն˿תˣЩ⡣
û뵽һԼɵĻȻôߵļ۸
Ƿ٣㣬Ǿ()ݺá
ȻԼүӣǵȻԺҿ㣡
оЦ⣬Ҳαֵû㡣
Ȼһ͵֣ѡ
ܵ˵˵ĴЦе˵ˮϺȡͼ()Ρ
ٰһŹɡ
ǱҵķϣҲһ࣬У
ڶһ磬ͣûǰһʱţѵǰæӡ
˳˼֣˵Ĳ˶Ҫ̵ġ
һ÷Ե㣬ҪͷӳԵĲˣҲ̲סŲ߰ɡ
үںܶ෽ʵЩ
Ա㣬(to)·߰ɡ
̱ɳϵɵҡȣȥģ
ƳһۣȻȥˣ㣡
Ų(qng)Ըվ()(qng)治٣
߳˹Ԣȥ˽
ϣ뷢ϢƬɽѾ˻Լȥ֡
үҲҪĲҵʽתתõĲȨ֤ļʼ˹
۶𣬽סլãĸܹһƬɽأΪƳҩף׼ġ
ԭ()ֻƬȴûȥмȥӰ˹ȥ
Զ˷ҵסլһƬĸɽ
֮أƬɽΧΧΧĴǿŵġ
ͣ棬ͷ˽ȥ
۵ϰĶأȴûһũ洦ɼصͶ㡣
ԭŸסŷӶᣬȻƻ޷סˣɽϵֲҲĿȥҪͺˡ
ӣɽأҲ̫˰ɡ
һƬǽɽũɫĮûж⡣
ǿдｫµĸҪôֽܲš
ũƻ⣬²Ūĵ(qng)ѹ
ʱһݲɣӣũһƾϷ
ʱ㶣Ȼ첽
ˣ~~~ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

43.43 Ȼӭ

43 Ȼӭ
ͷЩģͷİѪһôݣбࡣ
ߵǰԭȥмֻǵ۾չ¶Ĺʡ
ʣСС㣿
ļﲢûˣҽ֪ǲеСС㡣
æͷ˵ǣСС㣡
ɻĿǣ
ҽܵҽз壬ĸҵũ
Щ񣡡
ѧѧó˲û˵ѣԭũˣ
ũֻʣ𣿡ʡ
صĸ׻ʱӶֻʣˣĲԼˣǱ󲮿ˡ
֮ǰũһ޳ģǰߣǵĹҲһ𱻴ˡ
ʣһֱ﹤Ҵûп㣿
ɫƽ˵ҪңҼߣҲû취Ǽ޳ϰҵŵģҲһֱˡ
ûһ𣿡ʡ
ᶨҡҡͷһ𣬵ҾԲߵġ
ĸ׾ңҽ˺ڻ⣬ֻҪƬũ㣬Ҷߵġ
ȻҪ뿪ңһߣһ䡣
ЦЦƬũҵģɿ£ɻĻһ֧ꡣ
óƽũϵƤֲܴڣҲȫǼӣڿûлĵˣȻӭ
̬С㣬ܿҲԸũ
ʱһȥʮһ˽
֣ҴϢˣܵǰ˵
Ķ˵ȹСС㣡
һ㶣ȻһСС㣡
ãº͵ЦЦԷʣĶӣ
ͷţһСȵģǸʱֻǸճӤз𡣡
ʣղ˵ʲôϢˣ
ȥȽϻ飬ҴƬɽرļջˣļҵļԸЩ˿ƻǲֻ޸ϵﵽ㵹棬ɽϵˡ
߷߲ƽĵҰֹƻũһ٣ʮֵĿɶ񡣡
СС㣬ļųϢ(yn)ƬɽأҲ(yn)˭򣬷ļҾͻ˭ÿ
Сؿһۣ˵˸ũ(yn)ƬũɻҪļҸϳ۶
ȥдʣµ½ڣд飬21~~~
()

44.44 ûհɣ

44 ûհɣ
ɫƽⶼԤ֮С
ȴüͷ̫˰ɡ
ļμ˽ӵ(qng)ʲôܣ֪ġ
ķԸԵѪֶŮֶ̫ˡ
ЦЦ˵һллء
岻ɵ̧Ķͷûհɣ
ҪǻĻԳȥһ٣߰кúõ
Ŀû˵ŷء
һ㣬Щ޵ķÿŽʡ
ɽϵ⣬ÿճֹʡ֮Ǯء
Ȼһ¹һ£ô֣ǼӰҲ㣬ȸԷۼš
˼ʣҪҰ
Ҫļ߰ļҸɡ
ȻΪԼ۸û⣬Ǳ۸ǲеġ
ҡҡͷãһģ
Щĳ˳죬㣡
ܹæȴҪţ˵Ĳˬ
⸱(qng)ʧЦֻƶѣǱQڱQԽԺˤþԽң
ߺߣ㵹ǻ˵󻰣
ҴӲ˵󻰣ſͺˣø첲˹ȱʲô
ڻһЩ(qng)ҪȲٶļҡ
˵Լ˵ȻҪԼ㣬˰æʲô˼
У˵ʲôʲôҾ͵ſôˤ巳겻ˬ(qng)һЩŮ˾˾ϲ
һҪæ
üЦʣʲôæ
Ů˻벻æģ˵
뾡콫ũϣ뾯Щũҿ϶벻ũæˣҪ鷳ҵȹæ
ֻз常ӣԲ
°ͣǲѣ
ۻۣǲӦҵһ²У
Цеʣ㺰Ҫ𣿡
ڰ֣ĵȻø
ˣʲô꣬ɻֱſ
аǾһ£ǳ׬Ͷɲˡ
Ҳ̫ϰûֲˣ趨ɻĳܴﲻҪ
ԭʳĵҲ˹Ҳɼ۸ܸߵһԭ
һ˿Ц⣬ѵôˬ죬Ժ֣
ЦЦҲҪı֣
дԤʱ䣬ڻûӦ˫Ľ͸~~11һ~~~
()

45.45 椰ɣ

45 椰ɣ
ߵԱߣն˴һ绰
㶨Сʱ֮ھͻ˹æˣ
Цŵͷл
㶣ǵһμ̫ϰߵĵС˼
תͷԷ常ӰţȰæũֲ֮ˣ˳ũ
庩Ц˵ãһúøɻģ
ССʲô(qng)ܷԸ֤񣡡Ƚϻ顣
ĿǰԷ常ӻ⣬ţǷũɻõģ
ĿһҲȽʵСĺܻ飬ٹ۲һʱ䣬ҪƷв()Ҳûʲô⣬ǿԺũĹ¡
ץץףǶССܷģ
СŮ϶ģʵ㲻ֻ꣬ҪǸһڷԾˡ
ŷ常Ĵ߶ȻԸһЩ(qng)
岻ϲɢǹɳζɻ()Ӹں档
ԭģɽеķԸЩĿ࿴
ҪǻŮ(qng)ܲ˿ޱӣ޴ǻˣȴ侲Ĵ
ʮӺһôͣ棬ʮˡ
Щȫžװһ()ĸߴ(ͦͦ)Σʮֵ
壬˸񣬡ٽ
ȫ()ɢаģǰæ(qng)
ԭһصʮˣ˲ʱ˱䣬һǱƦ
ͷĲЦǰһֹֻŷļ۾ϵĳ飬ϴũ椰ɣ
ȻǵͶȷȴսϱʵͳ۷ƽھгƺٽ˽¹ϵܺƺϴ
һֹӣ˵˵ģ
Ȼ֣ʲôҪľܷԸǣ
֮ǰֻǿЦԼϴĻ󣬲ɵþ˾
ҿϴ椰§ŷЦСֵϴ۹ⲻ
˺ü꣬ǵһμϴŮ˽Ӵĵֵǹæ̫ѵˣ
һŽ߿û˵ٺ˵ˣ
ôΪ˻ڳԵĶѡ
һ㶼ʮʹ
ЩƦһЦȥɻϴᣬ֮ôϤûе٩
()

46.46 ˾Ǹϴ

46 ˾Ǹϴ
ЩǷľСӣһٵĴˣƽսʲô඼ԹʮֵҲӳۡ
ȻҲΪķԸľӶ˵ôˡ
ʵЩ⣬û뵽ƽŲŵԭھôţѹܳΪ͵ٽ
ũ֮ǰŲ˳ۺƾɵĽñƦȫˡ
Щæñ꣬׼극л
ũһרŽʳãʳĸũãӪҪ˲١
ȥ֮󣬷ĹߺͲȶģֱˣϹ˼ײϺͳþߡ
͹֮Щ´һʳá
ȥһĳѡʳģηȴš
ųȥԭʼʳ˲()߲ˡ
彫ԼϲԵĲҲƳӣô࣬ܳ𣿡
һֲۣԵģ
巴Ӧ˹㲻Ҫ˸Ⱥһɣ
Ȼصϻѵ˼׸ɻ꣬Ҫܷ
Щζ˵ǳӪˣ˷ôԭʼʳĸ
ŮƽڼҸˣûôء
ͷʣЩǣ֪ϴ𣿡
湻ģж໤ʳ
ʼ磬תƻ⣺ǿɶһȺͰҿѣ
ЦллĹģ(ͦͦ)ϲ˵ģҿ࣡
ץסǵθԺγûͶ
ЩƽϢżʲôģŻũɻԵģҪ»֣ܵôõİ׹ôŹء
Цζôģ
ƽԴôŰԴȺͰҲӦòôİɣ
ò˵ʵˣ׵ǽء
ĸ첲һѣ᲻ú˵أһֱǸĴŮòã
˴֣ɣĴŮ˵ҼƤˣ
ȻôԼŮǲ֪ߣ
Ƴһۣ쿴ֲķϣúƽϣ
ִԼĵȨ㵥Ϊˣʱ̲ΪԼȡ
ɲ൥һ
(qng)һһֻҪ()ʾУҪԺ()
ʱһƷȺһǿˮ(ͦͦ)ˬģ
Ҫʱ֪ʲôһһͷߣ˾Ǹϴ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~쿪ʼʱΪ18°~~
()

47.47 ǿӵר

47 ǿӵר
ˣ˳硣
ʳÿʼˡ
һ˷һˮ㣬ƹϺŪ
ֵһ()ûкǣħһЩ
޷ʼͱʮɾķԸŪ˻ʡ
Ͽ¼֮ǰܵĳζѾʧ
µһˣͻȻŵһζʳƮ˳
ʲôζô㣿
㰡ҶͻȻˣ
ζǴʳƮ˵ģȥ
Զԣȥ
һϡﻩ˹߳ʳãڳæϴƦŽһųԵĴүģ
Ҫѹϴ()ôã
ôݵ𣿲Ӧȥ֣ˢˢڸ
ʱѾﴫζסܲϴ󵥲()ˡ
ߵſڣ
תͷЦǰǹæɻҾǳԷ
ϴϴ־ͿԳˣ
۾һǾʹˣ
ת()ȥϴ֣ڷ()ߣüŪۡ
ϴ椲ֻƯˣŻ㣬㲻ҿҪˣ
ԭ۾үʮķ壬һţһȥȻҲݵġ
аüƤˣҪȥѵһʱ䣿
ˣûĸһ档
ְĲһ䣺˵ǿӵר
ĴӵôİԵռ()˵û˼ңϴķǰ
Ϊ˲ȥѵЦ˵ãҲ𣿡
ӵƳһۣҲݲֵģϴϴ˯ȥɡ
һѪϴԼݻ׼ݣЦҪõ()
ʱӳﴫ˳æ²ˣ
Ծվ()߽Ҳһ˿ˣ
ϴ󣿾Ȼûбᣬôֻϴȥ˲ˣСţ氡
ŷҲŴæ˲ˣѵҪӶ˳ȥιǳԣ
֮ǰûԹˮ˷ˬˣ
ЦĿô׸𣿡
׵ǻűġ
ЩίĿ㶼ûˮ˷ҳԹأ
һдŮͿѪ~~~컹ǻĸ20~~
()

48.48 ̫޳ûУ

48 ̫޳ûУ
һ£ֶҪᡣ
ôҲúǺóԵĸӲͣ˵㲻ǻеĺ()𣿡
⻰÷üЦʶȤ
ŵĲӺȥ̫Ҫˣ
Ȳ߽˶˳ȥһ̲סʿˮ
Ǿ֪Ϊʲôô㣿
˶˳ȥϣʮΧԲ£һĦȭƣҪǷû翪ˣ
ʱһ̷䣬ȥӨ͸ɢ()ζĺ()˳
˵۾ɢŶһĹâš
ߵλ£ӷǰ
ϴʲô()Ŷ()ˣͷչ
彫ƿһЦҵר˺()žˣ
ȻӣһŵУ¶ܵģʶ壬ڼóԣ
()Ȼĺãζ̫ζˣ
ٶҲһȺƦ໵Ľ
ϴȻԶʳ
ϴװ
ϴǰʶһˣ
忴ŵģ(qng)ʮֵ̩ǿרˣǽҲûã
Ȼ˷Ĺ򿪣ʢһ뿪ԡ
˼״Ҳȿֺʢһڣըִƣ㶹Ƚۣ׷ζȫͣ
ôóԣ˿϶½ȥˮ㡢ˡҨžһư
ŵһ뷹ûȥ֮һķѾˣͬһ㲻ʣ
һ˳֮ζһûгԱģ
СķⱲӳԹζġ
ǰóԵҲͷһˣ
Ⱥ쵰Ȼô죬ˮҲųԵһûˣ
ҲǣҸоûԱأ
Щÿ춼ҪϸѵĺܴθڶС
ƽǳӪ䣬ͻȻƷôóԵķˣȫղסˣһÿʾǻڶ
ЩЩһܳ԰ճ˷һء
ǲˣÿӣӶųԵһˮأǳô໹㣿
ϴеӲ͵ģ˼˵⻰Ʋ졣
һ()ϸϸƷģǷᣬר
һͻȻһҪϴĳ嶯˼ҳԵûζԲ(qng)£ר˵Ϊ̫޳ûУ
()

49.49 

49 
()ɢζʳãñͻûԹһȺ̲סߡ
ͻȻӣһ()Ѹٷŵϴкö
˽۾ȫˣҿ()̫óˣķʶ塢ڼ
ÿӼеڶʱĿˣ˵Ȼ͵ӵר()
ڴʱҲ̲ס׷ȥ
û뵽Ⱥһ˵ĲҪ̫˶֪Ҫֹһ˫
ԭһ̺()ֻܿʣ֭ˡ
˲ˣҿǷ((co)co)ˣ
ԼϴһڱƦĬʮķ׷()ѽҸղŵĻûиأ
ҵĿҲûںã
ߣɻȥ
ʱɢȫˡ
ߵſڣһĻζźϧһ飬֭跹һܺóԣ
Աߵĸӳ˵ûϴˣܰɣ
оӿ˽ŲȻѾԶ֣ǣҲ˵()ʱϴҪˣҾ((co)co)ǣ
屻ЦˣһȺ˵
ԻģȾһЦ⣬óȺһ(qng)ĺܺã
ͷԷѲʰˣϴɾ
˼֣ΪʲôңǳԵ࣡
վ()˵ҹ˭ʰϴɾ˲뿪
סĸ첲ίͰ͵Ŀңҵĺ()¸һݣ
Ҫ˿⸱ģԵһص۾˵õĿУأֺ͸綼ϲˡ
Ŀצӣȥֲģ
ϲ˳Ÿļһת()ȥԸƦ¡
忴ϵһƬǽѣ̤žЬȥ˼˽ʰͷ͵()Ĳһ١
Щ˸ɻЧʺܿ죬ҪũĹ滮üʱС
ں󣬷Ը⼸춼æ
һȺ(ƨp)(ƨp)ߵˣæڰ̰
ڶһ磬ͷ嵽ũʱһȺѾʼɻˡ
ÿһ뼦棬ԵЩƦһüЦҪзڣǶݰˡ
ŷ壬ȥүүﻻĲҵѲӣ׼һһ֡
()

50.50 Ƕˣ

50 Ƕˣ
ȥļҵҲļ𲽵Ҫҵ֮һ
ڵ۶ĽֵԱ߾һұȽϴĹ̳óãȽϴ
ܶ˶óҲһЩ(r)ȥ̳رǴлƫƧˣµ۶ķ
ȻʳĻ˥䣬ӪƽıƷкܶϲԭʼʳĲò͡
Ǽͥѡǹ˾ۻᣬԷѡ
Ҳһ()ǮϾ˸Բ
ͷ߽ûһˣװ޵÷ʽȴװ˺ܶƽƷε۾
һɱϢ۾
˹ԱҲûйɢ죬ɻǰʺõ͡
ܶ˹(qng)Ѿ˴棬ԭʼϲƸ˹һַ͵Σ
֮󣬸ҲĲƷȻ͵˵նˣȻµ͡
Ƚϸߵԭʼöƻֽʲ˵ˣÿ˸ܹŵʱڵò飬ǳܻӭ
£ԭʼķԱЦ߹ֶˣģû˼
ɨһȦҲ̫lowˣ׵Ǯ
˵ǰļҷҵҵھǼߣάֳɱӪףˡ
նϲĲƷֲֻžûθڣҲٶ¼ˡ
Աڵǵµľг
һԱ̧ͷͷ˵Ծ͵ˣԿ뿪Ǿûգ
̬׵Ĳѹֲô
˳ɢһƣԺҲҵĲҵþң
ˣĲڻûйŴ󼪣Ѿ漣ˡ
Ա㶣û뵽
Ѹٽһһվ()ûжٹ̬ȣţ
һҲֻ̧۴û()
ҲûзĻȻ֪()ݣԼҪӹܲ(qng)
һᣬһ̬ӲźԱһ¥
Ƶ߹̬ȷܵĿС㣬˰
ֿ̧˿ҵ꿪ʼûһԱкĥʮӲڹٶȶǿ죡
Ҫʮ˵ʲôǶˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

51.51 ɵƯ

51 ɵƯ
ӺԱˣ񲻶԰
ӦǣǸߵǣǹʣȻǾͲˣ
ôɿ׾Ǳˣ
ȷӦ˳ƾʲôǣǿүѡӪˡ
ԱҲ¶ɫǰƾʲô
һ˵ķӦܲ³Ҫвǣʮ**ָʹġ
ЦһƾҲˣ
ҪǲǾȥүǰҰ£᲻Ϊǳͷ
ļնҲٿǣ
ʼվûҪòˡ
̧ߵָв̫ˣûǹҲ뿪ȥ
Ļ˵꣬ͻȻͷҽһ
ֱӽ۶ϣĮĿڣָ˺ܲòȻҪҾͰˣ
漴һŽ߷ɳȥ
ûָأ˵ʡ
۵ֱ()ĶӣһƬѵߣʵǿԼ϶ˡ
ǿվϷĿԼȫ()ɢɷ
˿϶Ϲս̫ˣ
Ϲԭŵв˳һƬŶܳ˲
ɨɨԱû˵˾ŵɫףȽŷˣ
˲䰲
ķ壬Ǹİаꡣ
һѲڵоȷıһʱضâĿ˫
˿Ц⣬ɵƯ
˲֣Ҳᶯģָвˡ
ȫ()ɷƦ棬лл佱
ϲʳ⣬Լ۱ȽϺϡ
ҪǻŮˣղô֣˵ŵˣһյĺ߳ݡ
ûκӰ컹ͬ(qng)ãľС׻ͻŮ
¥ɨɨ¥ȥǺܾöûùİ䣬ǽȫִϵĵҩǽֽ۾ۡ
Ҳ۾װ޷⣡
ȥܶʽŵԭʼʳĲװȻȥײ࣬ٲ۾һѾ
ҲģʽбȽʧܵӣѹô
Ҳѹѡ֮үүôˬĴӦûҪƺܿҲŴ󼪵ġ
()

52.52 

52 
ҵİ칫ңģ輸϶ɢ俪˿Լһͷ
Ļ˽нɨȻ㿪칫Ĺԣ鿴Ӫҵ(qng)
Ԥϵò࣬ÿ¶ڿȻļǱ߲
ļҷҵҵ֮һȻүӿܻмָ(qng)
˵˲⣬Ǹ϶̰īˡ
漸ҳʱ΢΢䡣
ǰ˴ԭʼʳĺһЩͲ޹صĶȻʮǱңûиȴȫ˲ϡ
ԱҲ˵Ҫ򵥣
ҡҡͷЦǿ϶֪˻ûʮǱңʱͻˣҪòǮ϶((Ʊ))ǩĲƽЭ飬ǿнȥծ
תǱңһ˻߼ļܣļҲܲó
üͷүү̫˰ɡ
һԱүүԵ̫(i)ˣ
ӦλŪģүү֪ˣҲֻһֻ۱һֻۡ
ͷڽеϣڴľͷϣ󷿾ϣֻһζݺƫ̻
Ŀ׼ô죿𣿡
ȻᣬǼȻҪҲøš
ҪͷͻǾ˵ԲȷʱҲѾˡ
ն˴һ绰Ǳߺܿʹ
С
ڵùãе(qng)æ
뿪ļ֮ùú嶼绰ʲô(qng)ǡ
Сûȥסչˡ
ʲô£ϵĹʱ¡
˵(qng)˵һ飬ùõʦѣʼһʦүӣҵеĿȫ壬ҾҪߡ
үүӣ϶(yn)ȥߣļģƱҲὫ˵塣
Цû⣬㽫˵ȫһݸңҾ԰㶨
ллùãĵл
Ц֮䲻ÿ¾ҡ
ǳչˣܹ˳ҲǶİæԶֶŮʮֵĹġ
ֻǰӰ£Ƕô׽
Сˣ
̾ĸıܺãҪúõĻȥ͵ԼǿЩĵҲúݣ
һůţùһġ
19~~
()

53.53 ׳н

53 ׳н
Ǹܴˣĵ绰֪˼
һи׳нĺܺãд͵ĵ
ϵȫҿûʱǺġ
ҲҪүӺ֪Ȼ˵Ҫ߾ͲвΪû˸ĸͺ۸
ʣҪȥ𣿡
ݷһݸСãȥΪʲôȥ
üֱʦʼʦҪߣүΪӣôὫƽȥҲûðɣ
ͷȥȻΪĿ⣬Ҫ֤ݱ
ĵʣ˵ҽҵӪɫӪҵļۺĵزǻ취ջȥ𣿡
˲⣬ôĵɣǾԵġ
Ҫռ֤ݣԺҪջȥ߰ռװС
ļҪø(qng)£ôռ֤ݷųȥͺܴ
˵ʧȥĸƵһװװںƱػվߡ
Ц治ٽˣ(ͦͦ)
˵ķӦٶȻǿ죬ҪʵʵҪб˭ҪΪУƻܵù
年ҿǱΪĵһţȻˣ
һۣ𣡡
˽ȥǼʳƷ˾ҵתѾͣ
˾ˮȫǻɣ˾ֻһͼƽϵҵԱ
ͬ(qng)˶Դ̬Ⱥܲãһ߸ϣǵӡ
žͱݺݵһٸߣҲ˳Ŀ˹˾е˵(qng)¼
ȥŵѾߣſ(())(())ġ
Ҫ˹չˣµԱȽ϶࣬һʮ
ľҲָʹʹŹ£()ǿ׳۸
η廹û֣ͽȫſˡ
ͬȫеĿϣҷСá
ȻҵԱвģҲն¼
߳ϣҵŹ滮
忪ų˵ʲôΪѹЩͬ(qng)
̯ļˣǵù
ҪҰæǵһϽļӦôԴֱӽļ˺ֱ̫ˡ
()

54.54 ǳԶ˰

54 ǳԶ˰
񣬼һҪοԼģʧЦ
ãҪЩҵģҲš
ɵĿαϣ˰ĦģʽЩұ׼һ(qng)⣬ʲôھͿֱӿˡ
ҵȫǿģù˼𣿡
Ƿ岻ģʳ϶ȣʳƷӹأ
ЦũũΪʳƷӹṩҪʳģԺҵĲҵҪ⹺ԭϣҲܱ֤Ʒʡ
Ҳƺ˲ŻҵģǳԿǶ˵׬˵ġ
ҪȥҲʳƷӹҪܶྫʱǱңһҵϾ۶𣬰ϻпܻᱻ󡣡
ãѾˣֻУֵҲ١
ļǱȽϴҵңҵĵƤ͵̶ԼģڻҪ֧⡣
Щֵûһҵʮ֮һֵǮء
漴Ĳ䣬㵱ӦֱҪҵǸҲӾʹȥֱӳˡ
ЦãһǸ()ӣѹУԡ
ȽðˣЩҵȥҪ϶ٰܵӡ˵ǸʱҺ㻹أѡʺҵġ
ƽȴͬ͸¶ŰţЩҵ˱ǣҵĶ˭òߡ
ĸԶҪҲҪǱҵģǱҿԶԶȫǱˮн
ζЦЦ׬ǮĻǣһ㶼ǸȤҪȫȫģûɾ͸С
ͷʣҪҪͶ£տӣԺ׬Ǯ
ƲƲ죬˰ɣ˵һҿһ
һ䣬ͶʲͶʣġƾԼȻԽҵǿûбûžױǱѹ
ǱʹˣҪɣ˭Ҵ⡣
˭Ҫǵǣֱ˴ȥˣ¶()ѹˬ
ЦãǳԶ˰
ЦеĿɾûˣ
УͶʣ
ǿûʽע룬֮취ɡ
ʵڲУֻлȥӣȻȽ˻ⶳ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

55.55 ˭ˣ

55 ˭ˣ
һģﻮһ˿ů⡣
ǮһԼɰɣʱ˭Ҳͽȥ
ӦͶʵԭ򣬡(qng)ǿҵı
α񣬡̫˿ɲǺ£
˺ţݺݵ˵Ǯ
ԼȥʡñŮ˱ӳ
ЦãֻҪ()ͶʾУҸٷ֮ĹȨ
岻ˬ˵ٷ֮Ҳ̫˰ɣҪٷ֮ʮ
Ƴΰɣ
һ()ݣٷ֮ѾǺܺˣ֪㣡
岻ɣͶǮ˰ɣ
ҡͷҪ
ɷݷֳȥ̫࣬˾ôһͷľߣ
㣡һҭˣҲԪ׵ӣ㻹ҹɷ𣿡
һɵ˵Ŀ⿴Ȼˣ
ûôֱһѪҿݣ
䣬л佱
彫ͻũֱӿ뿪
Цҡҡͷһ()Ӳֻ()
һȥԭڸɻĴͷΧ
Сϴأ
ʱ䣬ѾܺǴһƬˣ
һüЦڲϴﻢڶʳˡ
СʲôóԵģһĵľ
ָšɹ廨()()ĭӡѳܲŹͱ
໣һȺˣĲ̫࣬(i)ˣ
һ˸һƣ˵˵Сϴ֪ˣǣ
ٺ٣ϴڣǿԷŷңһ(())ЦҲҺˡ
ϾѾʳģϵΧȹʳõĳ
һߣ忪ų(())һȦȥ˵۶һȽϸ߼סլ
ָƺͺĤŴ򿪣ɳһò̧ͷү֪ؼҰ
߹ȥ£˿ʱ䣬磬ô°ˣ
ܷе飬Ϣ
ŶĿɨɨе飬ƲƲ죬ϲװѧ
ܿЦã˭ˣ
巳죬û˭
ס𣿡()һȡ
𿧷ȺһڣζȿĿڸҪúܶ࣬Ȼȥġ
ͻȻ˵ȣʱζϲҲˣסһȥ
()

56.56 Ϊʲô

56 Ϊʲô
Լҵܵʲô()һ
Ҫլһڿȡ
ҵլүү()()סĵطլǺ͸סĵط
ҡҡͷأЭҼأ
ǸŮҲҪǮˣǾֶס
ε˵Ǹ¿ƢôҲĿԣαһֱء
岻ŵʣ磬ȻҲȢǸŮ˽ˣ
ĳ˵ֵѡ㿴ҲԣǿûдԺͻˣ
һŽԱߵĽŵ߿ҲףҲףҺǸŮˣҲŲҪǵĸף
վ()ͷȢţΪǵĸףȫġ
彫ֵ̧ͷϾŭΪʲô㶼Ҫѱ䣿
ⲻѱ䣬һεѡˣϣ⸸ףЩƣ
屩ŭһŽ輸߷Ŀȱ䵽ϣһء
ǸҲ⣡˵ת()ĳš
űˤκۡ
۵Ȼţı()ܵܡ
(qng)ӵķ꣬ȻȫϢͶӰͨ
ܿ죬һ()(ͦͦ)ΡŷǷӣȫϢͶӰڳ
˸ڣүȥ(qng)ܲ
û˵ⲻŵ(qng)𣿻ú񣿡
˭ˣȿԼҿȥһͷŭСʨӵĵܵʡ
ߺߣϴ󣡡
ȻԼˣϴһɱݣôˣ
ɫͻȻĿŶԷ磬ְ֧ȢǸŮ𣿡
()һԭϴΪİ
ȥˣլأҺʹĹԢҲأ绰ǣɲԡЦʡ
˷һ£ҳ⣬ֻ㣬԰ȢǸŮô
¶ΪѵɫĬŵС壬(qng)ǶҪˣְԼѡɡ
ҲѱˣΪʲô
ܶණֻĽԺͻ֪ˣԼұܵܵͷȴӿ
ŭԼҶ磬ңֻҪһ𰸣Ժ֪
ǸҺʹ硢׵ѡһµģвһֵּĸӡ
һǺܺã
ŽȫϢ绰ֱˣǱ߻밲ķ۵κ;ᣬԼͬۡ
()

57.57 ң

57 ң
ũĲܵ˲˵ļȻӭ
ڶȥһ˲䣬һ˾ͿٶǴһ
ֿ̧˿ʱ䣬˿ǲˣ()ô
Ͼ
СҪؼҰɣ˾λͷ
ЦҡҡͷãԱɢɢٻȥ߰ɡ
֣ҲǿȥСģд绰ϴ㡣
ãӻ֡
뿪߽ũִΨһûвϷӡ
常ڳԷÿһݣҪȺǴ˼Ѫһļһʳÿӡ
СС㣡˼Щ⣬()
Ц˵ǼԣҾʣʶ׵Ըɳ𣿡
庩ץץͷʶ˶֮ǰǸϰһˣũҲļҾǶ
룬СؿڣСС㣬ҵʶһЩˣҪǺڻҪƶߵģ֪вС
۶ߵˣϲǳڻƶߵƽ
ļҾģҲЩˣϾŵĲ´Ьġ
ȴֻҪƷɿɻ͵Խйԡ
۾𣿡
Цŵͷģ콫ҪɳȫйҿҪǺʾ£
ݼԲôʱ䣬ٹһܾҪزӱˣũҲû˸ɻ
˹ССĳ̫ˣǹģлл㣡
º͵˵ǼԷһؼˣ
ССߣ常ӽ͵ſڡ
߳ţԼһξȥǽһ⣬̧۾ͼũͣһ
ǸקϤ꿿ڳϣ֪ΪΣϦ()ϣ˼ŸС
ɫȴûмį()
첽˹ȥң
̧ͷͷĵϻȻϳ
Ŵ򿪳˳Ҳ֪Ƣߵһʻ˽ȥ
һ˳ȥٶȲϵһĳԽʱĻƯơ
ץһķ֣ûŵüУз¶һֻĴ̼С
ͻȻһŲͣתͷ
ǳһʮǿȣЩͳȴɸ()УȥȾƣ
()

58.58 㣡

58 㣡
ֽķЩԾǸʱҪŭץʨӣǰȴű侲
ð
ǣǿĴữ˼֣קקģҺȣ
ûǮȾƣҲֻóһƯŮʿȾơûЦŵ٩
⻰̿(jn)ԭҪȥһܣ(qng)˲˼֣ƯŮʿôûҾͿһֻĸ
̧һѣݺݵʣ쵰㻹ҪȾ𣿻᲻ú˵Ȼ㣡
ħצУƯŮʿ
ôԼ̫û֪֮ˣֹһ䡣
ĸ첲һƣҾǱɫݣ㲻Ͷѡ
ҪȥȾƾ͸Ͽ죡
年ȴȥһطȻȥȾƣ
ڰ֣㣡
ǰο(qng)ѵ÷ʽ
彫һҸ߼ȭֱֲӴ˶¥
¥ֻԱʸ룬ʾڿ˽š
һŴȽʽĽӴ߾˾Ϲٺã
ʲôЦʡ
ᳵ·ķԸȭսԽǿԽã
ãȥšһŰ俨רһֱţ
ͷܺã
Ȼȥר䡣
һ(to)ʸкǿĸߵƤɳװ޿Ƶ͵ȴһݻС
ǰһ͸شԿ·ǫ̃̄ʱڶԴ
ǰҲȭȷʵǷй(qng)һ˶ʽ
巢ĿЦ˵һΪСء
尵ڵ(qng)֣һۣҵ𣿡
Ҫȭʮɢɳϡ
ʼ磬ΪѾˣ
Цʣжľ𣿡
ü֪Ļٰ
Ů˿Ҳܿ
Ȼûԭ()Ϊ()ųЩط棬ܲµóϾô䣬ܶೡĿͬС졣
ٺţѺע㣡ζ˵
年ʣͲˣ
Ȼػص㣡
һй(qng)ģ֮صײУ()ôԵôܻԼ䡣
ȴ֪жϣ㶣ǵһ˶Լ˵㡱()(qng)ֵõһЩ⡣
һַֻŵɳ()бս
һȾſа˵ϧҪʧˣԴӮһٳ֮󣬾ֲȡҶսʱʤľ֡
˸ۣһǱԼţ((Ʊ))
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~ⱾдŮһɳһ(r)ѪĹ£()˵ȫµĳԺ͸ı䣬һʱҲԸ~~~~ڿק()һʱˬ׷޻᳡~~~
()

59.59 ҪҪô

59 ҪҪô
崽ĻԱߵɳ¡
˶û˵شȭԴ
һᣬ
վ()ң
ͷã
һоڲС
һȭƬ̣µϳ
Ƿר䣬׼˿ȡϡ֭ˮ
һԭʼʳեĹ֭ڸдżɬûǵԼֳ
±ӣĿζĿ·
()洩һ()˶㣬ͼ()ʮֵ()У˳һԱһı
Ķһߴӣϰ()Ҳ()ţ()ĳʮֵʵȥȽơ
۹Ȼϲִ͵ģ̫ϲ()С
һӣ˾̧ȭԺ
()ҪСһŵķٶȡͱϣԸһֻǼȭͽԷ
ȥ嶼û³ÿһսӾͽˣ(r)Ѫڡ
֮ĶҲԽԽǿַ˵ǱǳǿǿһսʮֱֲûȭϳˣŻ¼̨
֮˲⣬ΪʲôֲһĶսľ֣׵Ҫ
ԼʮӺ󣬷ص˰䣬ͷʪȻϴ衣
һֻɳϣһܿͣôҴȭûк˧
̧ͷдЦǿǿܿɡ
ʵһǴȭ˧ɾˣ϶֪ܿβҪ̶ߡ
ûȤĽջأͣ
߰ɣǺȾȥ
()У
ȥһѾƣ忪һɽɽһƽĴʯͷ¡
ҹ磬ǳԱߡ
һơƵݸȰɣ
ӹһڣơƵζԣĻôıҲ󣬡Ȼᣡ
ҲǷԭСƵơƣζźǰȵĲ𲻴
ҪСƵģζҪܶˡ
Ȼ߼ļ۸Ҳ֮ʮ
ڣЩơǮˣ
ҿҪҪôţҲΪ˲(qng)ҺȼơƻҪˣ
ͷЦ˵㻹ͣϢأôͲܼˣ
ͷ͵ĺһޣУ㶼ˣǸϢһȥúú㣡
㣡
еӰǹ⣬ɢ磬оеһϡ
()

60.60 Ǳĳë

60 Ǳĳë
˺üޣ˵ڴʯͷϣɫŵĿĻ
()ϸܵһŵİϢʣе㲻ԾǻǺ(qng)ɣ
彫պơƹ⣬ôС𣿡
ͷǳĵӰ񣡡
û˵Ӷ()ûôС
һµĴ򿪣ʲô
ҪǾòԲ˵Ǻϲ̽**ˡ
ڳһͣûʲô˵
ҰҪȢǸŮˣҺܲϲ֮ǰҴͶҲվߣǽǾȻѱˡ
͵һ˵⣬˵ʲôԺ֪ˣ޷⣡
һڣĻûҲвΪ֪أʱ֪(qng)𣿡
ͺһڣƴĴ()УΪҲžúŭ
аһȻ£ÿ˶֪ԭҲ֪·𱻼һ
ĿĻתƺӣ˵᲻е(qng)
һصĵͷУ
ҿһ()һˬĿô˵ҲʶһȻһͬ(qng)ĶûУ
ʼʣҪͬ(qng)𣿡
һһǼ˳()ͻƢ
徹Ȼ˵еҪ
Ҫκһ˵ͬ(qng)´ӵ۹˫sţɾܲܶõķҲվȺۣЩֻЦɵۡ
ǲ͵ˣԼ˽(qng)ʵ֮Ĺϵܺã˴˼ҲӶԷ
Ҳ˼֣֪͸ʲôط
ܳ(i)ҲС()С(qng)ϧֻܿԼš
廹ǵһ()ϸܵȻįͻȻļҵ(qng)򴽣Ҳԣҿ̫()ˣ
Ȼ֪Լ̫()ˣ(qng)٩̫ѵ˰
̧̧°ָͣϿקɫҾͲ׼ģ
ǸŮ˾ͼƵףȥôԺ֪
ʧЦŶĴָģ
㣬ôͻȻʡ
ҿֵܻüＦɹ
°ʵ˵Ժ֪ʲôΪʲôҪȣҿ϶Ұֺ͸һɣ˵ңǸŮ˾ͱţҾѼƷˡ
ʵĳЩϣͷһ(ͦͦ)ģһ()ʵǱĳë
()

61.61 Բ

61 Բ
Ļ÷循£û뵽Ȼôѡ
()(qng)ɢȥ˵ĶԣΪʲôҪȣоɹ˵
ҲܺùǸŮ˽ŵǿ
ʵҲҪԼҸٻ飬ϾĸѾô꣬ҸҲ
ʵҪȢĶ󲻼򵥣ܾȢžͻϵüլһᡣ
ǷįһɨգЦ˵Ҫȥ֣ɱ˵йأ
Բ
岻мĵһû˵һŮͷϵϰߣ
һȻģҽ컹ûأڻȥ
Цĵ浱ԼǴүأ
ˣѵò𣿡վֽҲ
ߺߣ㲻˵ûôС𣿡
˵ʲôʱô֪

˵ĻɽʧȥǸүһɿڵ⽣ĳٵ(qng)Ҳ
ڶһ磬忪ȥũ
˵ıȽ磬ϴһһ˥ࡣ
(qng)úǼƽϡ
棬ԵһȺͷθڴ󿪡
ҪǷڣǹƻһ롣
ֶһĲϣò˽һµԱᣬΪ常»һ(to)
һСϪߣǴһС׼Ͱס
磬ŶʮũһȥȽһڣȥࡣ
ȻûпĻֹȼȴֳ˺üˡ
űԶﷸȣӵľǺڻǾסƶߵƽ
忪ųȥˣڸպôİ칫һˡ
Щ˿ܽţЩִٲ
һһÿ˶˼⣬ǵ̸ֹ()񣬷ҵЩ˶Уȫ
ѡ˺Ů쿪ʼ()ѧϰա
û취ũԽԽ࣬һҪô˵ķۻæ
һ˸м˷ܲѣȥ׼һ£Ϳ԰ũסˡ
ڼ¹ʱҲһլȴȥˣûȤֻصũ
ũĹ滮ĸı䣬֮ǰٻũʩʿѳ
Ƕʮ˿ȥȽɳԱ֮ȴʮֵ⡣
()

62.62 н趫ô

62 н趫ô
ħɻڳ˯ʱȥһ˵۹רųݳƷ̳ǣֲҪɵЩʧ
ȥ·ϣʣ֮ǰʲô
Ҳûһܹṩʯͷ
üҪԴʯݳƷ̳ǿ϶еġ
ô˵ڼҵ˹Դʯ(qng)
ԴʯԴʮֵ󣬼۸һĸߡ
ԭ()ߣȴûԴʯ
ǰÿͻһЩԴʯȴүȽ󲿷ָ󷿵ľӲŻٵļ顣
ÿξӰ־Ͳˣԭ()ʹӰ˵ſʼܣԴʯȰţȽȼٸ
⻰ǺŪģԭ()ȴΪӰˣԴʯӰӶûм
ԭ()Ӱɵף˶ԴʯĹע̶ȣԼ䲻ϸҸע⡣
˼ϣԴʯ𣿡
ҡҡͷ޷ܣûдԴʯ
˼У۾һ
ЦȻ
ץסĸ첲ԴʯãԺ㣡
ŹֵĿ㲻Դʯɣھ()ʶ䵽cˣǿԴʯ()ܲסġ
û˵費裡
һͷߣҿн趫ô˵̬ȣ
Ů˿˿Ҳ֪ǰôᱻļҵ۸
ü㣿
年аЦǰһҪǴү(qng)ãһͻؼԴʯ㣡
ͻȻЦ绨˳ֳ˳½ǣĵ磬ԴʯҰɡ
ȿȡֱӱôһǺæ˴֣ҲҰɣƤһ()
գգ۾Ÿ()()ⲻҪ𣿡
лл㣬Ĺˣ
΢飬ԼҪŮ滵
ֳ˳½ǣ()費谡
ǷˣôôŤˣҽ˰ɣ
¶һ()ߵЦݣлл磡
һŲȻתͷݺݵĵú˵
ЦһΪϲء
ޣ²۵ҲŲϲղֱ̫ˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~ĳ9ҷİɣôô~~~ƼһѵԡͳϹ񫡷ȤĿԿ~~~
()

63.63 ôˣ

63 ôˣ
úܺ棬׼ԺһжԸ
ǸϿȥðɡ
彫òε½ǣĳнȳ¶࣡
ָ˴()εε˵ᣬ˼Ů(qng)Ȼˣ
ܹˣ湻ûУˡ
߲ߣʡ
ߣߣôǴүûİһۣȻ󿪳ȥլ
ĸȥͱүү()()ȥլʮʱӽӻլʮ͵͵ȥսСٽڵ۶ʱ١
ֱȥʮűүүǿٻأ˾Уڵ۶
ûе򷿲ƽҪסլҪȥĹԢס
ȻСլĸ(qng)ȴǳĺãֻҪլǶס
Щü۲Ծ˼֡
լȴûȥڳϵ㣡
ҪǷˣǼЩΡ
㲻ȥҼҿʡ
ҡҡͷԺл˵ɣ
³УҺܿͻ
뿪նˢţ˽硣
ᣬߵԺӣ͸˹ȥ
ֻһŮװȥʮָòŮӴмĳǰĲǱڣųܴ
ôʱŴ˳Ůɫ˲˳
ôˣ
Ů¶һЦݣСڼҰҹס죡
Ŀε񣬡С壬㻹ûʸ񡣡
ס죿üûҵ(yn)̤ȥ벽뵱ҵĺ裬ʡʡɡ
ô˿ӵĻŮӵϵЦݽ£ֽ˽
ܼңתͷһ
һͷ׵ߣæ첽˳СүʲôԸ
ʣҰ(yn)סģ
ܼĻصСһҩʵҪΪ()ܸߣԪͬլסһʱ䡣
ߣլֲҩʵңʵ飬ǹˣ
⻰ɫѿ˼֣̲סڣ٣עԼĴǣ
廷֣Լˣ˽ˣ
ȻǲڼңռȵֱΣ
㣡ϻǵһαô衣
()һ̲סǰŭʮĿ壬٣̫ˣ
()

64.64 Ҿ

64 Ҿ()
ҲǵһôŮʿĺĻŮˡ
һĿקĿҾˣҪΣ
ˣô˵СҲԪ׵δޣԴװɣǸ
Цһ̧Žֱ߷(ƨp)δޣҪӶûҵǸ˭ĵӣ
˱߷ڵأ()ıڼ״Χ
ûȷ֣լԺڰȫð˳ȻһĽЩҪΧıڴſڵء
˭٣Щ˵̫ˣΨһ뷨
Լͱڣͷȫſڵϣϵɫѿ˼㡣
٣˵Ҫ㸸֪(qng)Σﾡ⣬СѸ㶨Ӳԡ
岻мĵвǾԣ
̧ԼӵȫϢ绰
һŽͨһȥʮңһλϢӢӳ֣óմӻ߳
ڿʱԭ˲˺֪ܶ࣬绰Ұ
()һҴ㰡ʱֽţ
ӿЦãԼҳߵģôҰˣ
ƲƲ죬㶼ҵң
ĳ˻û˵꣬ˤžͳ˰ɣε˵
彫ͷ£ŮҪס˵ͬģ
ӿϲ⣬ԼҶӽͣҪһҩʵ飬լߵıʩܣҾסˣ
һŭҲסլҲϲ
̧üģֻʱסլʵҩ
()˵ҪҲ׼
ֻҪסȥҾԶլס
ŴԼӣ֣Һ֮䣬ֻѡһ
ӿԼҶӾǿżȻЩۣСҩʵĺҪҪ()𣿡
ƲͷҪҾ()ˣ׼סȥ
㣡Ӷ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
Ͻսַſѹеŭ⣬ǰһº͵ĿڵӣȻٲϲסȥǾˣҲΪѣ
Ƴһۣζ˵һΪã˵ΪѣʵǰΪҰ˰ɣ
⻹û޽أͿʼˣЦ
()

65.65 ǲܹҪһǸ

65 ǲܹҪһǸ
úܽܿһ
ĻɵΪ˸ޡ
ŮһĻĽɫղĺüʾŭϲ壬ȴ
Էְʱ̬Ͷ仯ܴ󣬺ԵΪҪûִȵ̬ҪöԷϧ
Σܶ˶ܻᱻúͶģֶκܸϧ˲Ƶķ
ȻĻýϵ()΢΢£Ŵ˵ٲϲңô˵Ҷˣ
һΪ
صֻԼӵ̬ȣ֣Ҳ׼סȥ
ӶԼұСûһ취ƽ̫ˣ()
ͻȻЦͬˣ
ûǸĿŽϿڵС治˼ҰһȽܵʵҰɡ
һУôŶã
ҵ(qng)Ӱ˺ܶ࣬ҩÿܻӡ̧ζ˵
üͷһһġ
ãҵò䣬Էʱȴ˺ܶ࣬ʮֵ
뻰һתʣӣٸղŽҴͱȫһ٣ǲܹҪһǸ
ɨɨϻſŵһ㶼⣬ԼСʲôУһ
ҼСլүӺ̫̫(i)ĵʶǿȴԲԵ޹ֱˣҲ˵ʲôɣ
û뵽嶼()ֵزˣӻҪ̻ţﷺһ˿ζ
ʱӵŷ߷߲ƽĵԪףӴӽʦֿʼһֱԲѷô˵ʦҲĳҾôһ䣬Ͷ֣ǽܲˡ
ȾһɫҺͽСϴûжɹʱ㲻ǼĳʾЩˡ
()ӱȽֱʣҪǽܲˣҲǿ
ȽϵɴһλߵǿƣȻȥҽԺ£ҽҩһġ
һֱ˵Ԫ׶Сӷǳ(i)ǰûмȫᵽˡ
ٰԵšſǳģȫǷԪ˧Ԫ׳ݳġ
()

66.66 ȷҹ

66 ȷҹ
λԪУкǿľӱĻȨǳأȨҲܴ
λԹҲұֳ
ǵƲأԪ(r)㲻鷳ˣ
ȴ֣һԸ鴦ġ
ɲöӣΪ²õ¶ϲȶž
ﲻ֪˼ЦſڵȻˣҾʹлл㣡
һ£ȸˣűŭ΢Ц
ףãǻͷ
ϴϳ뿪ӿŷʣˣ
ɵ˵⣬㶼ûиһء
()Ҳˡĳ˵
()ɣҾ()(ͦͦ)õģүү()()Ҳô˵
̾˿ү̫̫߳ĻƢ
Ҫ⣬ҪĽأִֵʡ
üģһԺ˵
忴óԼǿæ͵гӵ绰ģҲûȡ֣ãæɡ
ǿûнͣҿǲؼҵġ
ûĵ
ӻ֣ƦĵˣȥɣעⱣ()壬ҹˣ
һ½绰ϣȻ߹ȥ
ƢǷ˹߳ġ
ĸףһλԪףøղŵ(qng)˵Ϊ湦Ҳ϶ᵱ
˼ҲûȻǿƵİӻţһЩˣĵټ
ԼҰ͸㣬ǶҲһ硣
ôˣ
ЦЦڸֺ̾ܳ㣡
Ұ֣ҳ˭
ȻЦż˵ôĶӣҲӦõ𣿡
ĿƤȻܺ񣡡
年˴˱˴ˣ
ղŵ(qng)ǸŮǰһ֣(qng)ʮֵ泩
ٺóԵģҪĲһ
ʣƾʲô
ƾү(qng)үְ()ˡ
˾ϲűӵĻ㣬
ü
ȻӱͳһԴʯȷҹ𣿡
ԵĸоԴʯʯɢϢƣʮ**ħѡ
ΪԴʯˣ׵쿪ȥ
Ĺ˹ǣŽլ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

67.67 ôģ

67 ôģ
ȥ֮ΪĲһ
ĳ(qng)ܺã󷽵ʯֻ֣һʱ䶼ĲһС
ôƽɵ˲Ų
극÷ȥϴʰű˷䡣
ȫʯһٿ飬cġ
ʯΪsabcdes߾˵ڻûб֣e͵ȣõҲed
˲飬һcԴʯ۸ԼʮǱңҲ˵ٷʹӷﻻ˼ֵǧǱҵԴʯ
һǸ󻧣ɵ̾һ䡣
óһԴʯнеһգȻ󴫵ݸħ١
Ȼһ˿˿ܱħա
Դʯʯ֮ͬ̺ҲӦǵպǧġ
ħٽʮԴʯȻĿʼѿƬɫСҶӡ
¶ŨŨЦ⣬Сħˡ
ֻ·ѿʼڣʶڳߣüС
ħٺ⣬Ҫ⣬Ҫľ()ϢҲũׯҪԭ֮һ
ħѷѿҲֲֲٷľϵ
ߵ̨ϣŻ֮ǰµ߲˲ðͷȻٶ治һ
⻹ִӣҪԭӣûоĵչ˺ÿ콽֣Ϳˡ
һжһ̵Сݣһ
ڶһ磬(qng)ܺõժһС˴л˰ײ()ӡ
ߵ̨۾һֱˡ

ӳԴлأ
循㤲ѵָָ̨ϳ߲˵Ļ裬Щ˾ʲôôһҹʱͳôˣ
ǵ俴ֲòƲŷһѿͻȻͳ죬㻳ǲߴطˡ
дʣһΪôˣʲôֵģҸɵġ
˵ּȥ
ߵűһ֪ʣôģ
ٵ˵첻ǸҲԴʯҾǽеˡ
Դʯʵʯãһ󷨣ҲһЧֻǸʵ̫˷ˣħٺá
ûдɣ10~~
()

68.68 δ

68 δ
ܽԼĵй¶ȥǾ˽ڡ
ǿռ⣬ľϵߡ
ԭǴġ
ʣ˶Դʯ
ʮ飡
üʮԴʯһ̨ԭʼ߲ˣ֪ȥ򣬲ŶǱ𣿡
Сһ()ģԺ̨ϵ߲˶Ȼٵۻ϶ʮԴʯ
()ģٴξȡ
׳յ˿ϻҪһ()ģһôɵ
һҭУ
(qng)ܺãҵȻ
˼һתĻũǲҲô((co)co)
԰ȻҺôԴʯ
һȥһЩԭӺ磬Դʯũܿܲһ߲ˡ
巢һأʱʱһЩϲѸٴԭʳĵķʽδżδ
ĸǱߴģʡ
ϲôԲ԰ʱһһЩҩȥٿҽݡ
ҽ٣ҽٵĿڷǳϡȱְҵ
£㻹ҽ
ףϻĸĴУҵȻˣ
ðɣӮˣѾ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣŮ˱жöࡣ
ãŷζ֮ǰĸá
ֳ߲ˣȳеĸóࡣ
һ࣬ǵȻֵ߲ˣ()廹кôء
ħٵĳԺ߲Ҳ̺һ˿ͨ˳˿ǿ()壬߳ҲھΪ
ԿɡЦá
һۣ(i)Ųţ
ͣȥԭʳӹ˾
ũôҲܽҪֲȫóԻ˵Ĺעͻɡ
һȦһӺ磬ȻͻȥһһʮǱҡ
ȥ˸ԭ˾һţ򡢼Ѽ㣬ʮǱҡ
ǱҾֻʣʮˣǮǳ̫
꣬ʰ¶׼ȥũסһʱ䣬һȥסס
ûĵϻ϶һȥˣ˭ȥ
дޣ11~~
()

69.69 ļٵģ

69 ļٵģ
ʰö˿ȥũ´õı
罨װ޲϶ֳõģֻðϲýУܽʡܶʱ䡣
㣬ǿͳңһ鷿һ佡()
()ǷǿҪȥģȻҲͽԼȥ
궫ȥӭһԹĿ⡣
ôˣЦʡ
˵Сͣܣ
ͷڼԣ˷ԸŮΪ͡
緹һģİɡȺһѾˡ
ǵЧʷǳߣʱ䲻ֻҪĽãȫ˳һ˵ʮͨˡ
໣һȺСã
˷ܵģü۴ЦϲԼĲˣʵҲһܡ
ܿ죬ԭʼʳĹ˾Ӻ类˹
ŲˣķвͬĲ֡
ԴӽħٺڼĺɽҲٳһֲԺо顣
⣬ħó˻ƶ̾סСˡӡ硢轵ȵȣһ֡
óòڱԱһƬԺʱȲ赯١
һֱǱţల꣬źĿڣȥͿˣ
ӿռｫԴʯ˳òһ󷨲С
¶ζɫ㲼
ĺ棬óʮԴʯũľŸλóһ󷨡
⵱ȻڻħٵĴڣ֮Ҳмӳãڵ͵ЩԴʯҲһꡣ
󣬷пһζȻǹŵʱڵ󷨣û뵽Ů˼ҵĴôֻ࣬ϧ˶̫ˡ
Ҳûжأ޷Ϊʲô߲ˮô죬ڲʱҲ(r)֡
ԴʯЩ߲ܷѿһȺ˲ŵʡ
ͷǰ߲ͨˣԼһܾˡ
ũܴħڵޣֵ̨߲һʹ졣
ԭʳľǴСײ˴Լ30-40ڣһҵʱ䡣
Ե̫ڿţܿͻᱻ˶ϡ
ȫţôţļٵģ
ǵſͺˣһֱۼΪʵͶҲûá
()

70.70 ô֪

70 ô֪
年˹ǣȺûʶļһһˣ
ۼ֤һҹ漣أȴû˵
ǹͷĵǶģĹҲס
˵ţ𼱴Ҵҵ˹
СС㣬ϰ㣡
Щ֣Ҹʲô
۸ڵص
ʱȤߣȥ
ũһ칫Ľ߽칫Ҿͼһݸš
ã
ݸЦվ()ãǸ˸
º󣬿żɽʣʲô𣿡
ҲȦӣҼе(qng)ҪۣûȤ
ƬأҲֻũ
Ц˵ҵ(ͦͦ)Ȥģûôʽ𡣡
ڵ۶ôһûǧϵǱҲ¡
ǵûʰɡɺзȵЦЦ
һתǱҲǿһַʽ⡣
£˵˵
ﻹһλñȽϲֻЩԶùҪֱӽȥһ۸ߣйϵҲ֣ࡣ
ǸʱԶҪ˴Ӧʡ·ˡ
ʣʲôλã
λõҵҪܼ򵥣ҲǻҵģҲᵥǮ
￴λãһƬֳλȷʵ߸ã۸Ҳ߲١
ֻļҵ(qng)˵һЩԵĻļǱ߲֪᲻ʲô
ȻҲûбҪļҡ
ֻΪ˳۵һƬȥļҼе㲻ֵ
˼ܲµóĹǣϸĿ˿ð˵һ䡣һʱ䣬ǲǾͷʹ˥Ρ˯߲ļ¡ȣ
ԭ׼ĸ⻰ʱ˾ѿڶô֪
Цŵǿģü֮ƺұλ죬˵ѪܹѪ㣬ŻᵼЩ֢״
ұȽóҽһ䣬ҵĸǹҽ壬֪
ȷʵˣ֢״˵һģһ˵ҲҽԺĽһ£̲סд󺧣ţ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

71.71 ŵ

71 ŵ
֪ĸףɻǱˡ
ҽĸײûʩչʲôû뵽Ȼеˡ
ζʣ˵ҵĲǺ⣿
ʮЦΪĲΡ
ҽѧֶκܷûй˵İֱ֢ûϸɱ
Ϊ䣬ԭֲѣҩҲͳһ⣬Դ󲡺ΣһЩСȴ鷳
û뵽Ȼܹƣ֮ǰȥҽԺⲡȴΣ֮ǰһЩҩҲûʲôá
ڲô˵Ҳһ˿ϣӹѪ㣬һСΣˡ
ֱ׵˵
Цŵܼ򵥣ǻҪԼȥǸļ鷳ҲԼӦ
ڻҲ˵ˣļҵ鷳ͺ޹ˡ
Ҫ㻹ʶһƬ첿ŵˣһк
ļ첿ְȨܴǼһƬļ첿֮ˣҪũ鷳Ҫҽڲѡ
Ӧʶ첿ŵˣ֮ǰЩ˽ɽϵ˶û˲飬ֲıǱȽϸġ
ԭΪһļңҪܰβûκοԥˡ
ԣֻҪܰκòҲֻ㻥㶨רһƬļ첿ţ֤֮󲻻鷳
߼ҵȻûļǿĸһȴְܶȨˣкûġ
΢΢һЦɽ
ʲôʱʼΪβأȻҪܰκò߿ЧŻȥгŵ
һ£ҪһЩҩԼҪʱ䡣
ҩҺһֶƣĲ(qng)ܵõƣһҾȬ
׼һЩҩҩʱҲûôˡ
ò죬ȴŵ˸ֻһҾȬ
ⲡҽ˵û׸εģҪȥԲҲҪȽ֣ƽ̫
ҲŻӪѾȽ׬ǮҪƾӵһźʺϵ̬Ǿס
ҪκȫûǸҪ뿪۶ˡ
Ͼôᣬʵһ㶼ȥϵ
һȻȴһַâ¶һܾκãҪʧֱ⳥ʱʧѡ
˵õС
ϿС˵һСĿ賿5㣬أ~~~
()

72.72 Ҿôò֣

72 Ҿôò֣
ô˵Ȼﻹ̫ţȴûбֳ
Լն˺űһ飬ãҾ͵СĺϢˡ
֮ǰ϶һ󣬲֪ܲȥô鷳ȥǱߵýʲô㡣
Цŵû⣬һܵʱһùչ˵ġ
ԤףǺ죡ס
죡Ҳû͸ˣ()ͳš
źֳ֮ǰһֱԱû˵ȴһƺǿĿģ
ܾЩϤô()ݾԲ˭أ
ʱ򣬻ũɻһ˴һе磬Ǵսʿ
˵ļҼҪũôķչ˵Ӧûһֵ֧ܲ򵥡
׿βһ㣬һֺ档
һߡ
ص칫ңеĻƣЦʣ˵ϳ𣿡
֮ǰָﲻʱĻ÷顣
ҡҡͷᣬЩϤˡ
Ǿͺãڿɲ֪ͷ죬ڴȥһķ˿ɲ٣ʱ(ɧɧ)źܷġ
˵ļҴ󷿺Ӱ
֮ǰϲ壬ȫܳȴû¶һգΨһųȥһŲ()װա
һδ̿յģñѹЩͣᣬҲ˳ΪŮеΣΪӡ
ҲΪļ̫ǿ͵ĵ˻û־ͱץĹֶѹ¡
üҾôò֣
Ƶ㲻ò֣Ҫãôͱ¶˶û˼
年һţҲԣƿ϶Ҫ
һκǸˣʡ
Ȼ˵ǰȻһҪ⳥ʧء
ˣʶ췽ȽĴʦ𣿡
ЩȽϸ߼ְҵ߶ʦ֮ǰĽϾͱΪҩʦл״ʦʦƴʦȡ
循£Ҫʲô
ӿռｫһ֮ǰͻõĽͼݸһ(to)ֹҽþߣЩһҪдá
ͨһĽͿƣǱȽϼֵĲҪڽϲЧѹƷڵĶ
()

73.73 ôģ

73 ôģ
֮ǰõѹҩһЧܺãɵڶǲŽƣЧֻһ룬θ١
ҲҶʦһͨ޷ﵽһЩϸҪ
ϸĿ˿ͼֽȻ㣡
֧ǱҸȥϡ˻ỹ治ϰߡ
˼ϸ壬ӷĻв׽һϢ
㲻ҪңߣҴɣ
ЦϻʦﲻãѲɻҪǮȥĲʦ
㣡Ǻ⣬һ츳Ǳֺܱ̬͹żմߣ
ͻȻһϴأʹõļԼģ
ǰɡ崽
ʧЦаɣ
Ҳ˷ǱٵȥˣҪ٣ת㣡
ҿ磬ȥһר()ݸ߼ܹϵĵ̿˿
ƷõĲϸպʮ򡣡
ҳƷĽ룬㲻ֻβԹɱΣ
һ䣬Ȼֻ뽫ãһǱҾܴһ(to)Ʒȴͨܽҵĳָ
һŰûˣҲҪƷУǾͶʮǱҵĲϡ
ÿһ˿Ц⣬Ѿ˶ʱԼ̾С
֪ƷλһȻ죬ۺȴȽϺϡ
սҪǸҰҵʮǱ˷ѴˮƯˣҾͰũȥ
֮ǰûһﻹǶʦҲ֪ܲܶҪЧ
죬ŷ˵ưɡ
ϲԣܿʹҪΪβϢũҲ֪ˡ
ҶһְŰɵ̬ȣ뿴
ӦҽԺβˣŻֵģȻ˵һҾȬ˲š
ϣСͷҪõҩ£һģһǿռóġ
ȥֻ֮һħ۵Сݽȥӳ˴ٶȡ
ڶ죬ò˿ٳСҩ԰ͳҩģѾֲˣȴò˲㾪õ°͡
ҿҲΰɣ۾
ЦȻˣҪȫ졣
ǿǿɱй¶ȥ
ҪֲҩģȺۼľʿ󷽷ĳϡ
ھúȴæ֤й¶ȥġ
ôģ֮ǰõǸ󷨣
Щ߲˻ðһⶼǿǽܣҩٶҲֲ̫ˡ
˯̫ˣ״̬òŰɣ쾫ʱһ~~~ллͺͶƱ~~~һ~~
()

74.74 ֻĳƺ

74 ֻĳƺ
Բ˽͡
ȷʵ󷨵ЧҪЩ˳ø죬ֻô߶ԴʯС
֮ҪԴʯĲУҲǲСġ
Ȼ˾ȻˣЩҩٶȷʵܿ죬ɸĴҲǺܸ߰ģǷòô㡣
ɢȥ󣬰ӷ˳
׼ռȥѧϰ󺰵СӣȥүԵģˣ
˺ڣСʲôˣ
ŸϿĿڣģ˰ɣ
˲ǺССƫҪرģֻĳƺ
ʣҵĽˣ
彫ﱧŵȻģҳôܻʧܡ
ϿΪ˰һ춼ûԶĶˣ
ǸӣŽ룬һŴϸȶͬģһŴСϸӡ
һ¶˿ϲ֮ɫ
һĶˮƽȻôߣɱǰʱõƷҪ߳٣쳣ĺãһ()βǹЧ()
ҲδģԿóƷͣҲֻһŪ
ĹߴҲȫ֮ǰƣͬЧ()
ô¶ı(qng)
(qng)ȴ쳣ĺãҲĵĿܲˮƽ
л˰յ˿ռ
ϵĺʧ̾пռܹȻˬ
ռϵҲϡٵġ
ЦʣҪʲô
(to)ҪȥʦƣȥɶҪüʮǱңƷʾԻûôߡ
һΪʡ˲ǮҪʵġ
ҪţɻǾҪţԱ
ŶȣС⽡л
һµ˺üԵġ
ҪҸûԹģľ²˳úܺã²˺ζ
ðһǰûгԹĲ˰ɡ
ͷת()˳
ҲԸĳˬ̾
죬ժԺҩİһҩֱüƿװȥ;еζˣȻ﷢һϢ
Сʱ󣬸ܵũҲĴյ칫뿴ôβ
ҲûйǣԱߵķĳҽң˽ȥ
ˣ~~羡ʱ~~ȥѽд꣬ʣµ18~~~
()

75.75 ̫

75 ̫
ĳܼ򵥣һҽ()һ
Ը￪ڵɵ()ȥҰýơ
룿һЬȥһ߾ȵʣŵʱڵ𣿡
óһӣĽ
ҩЧá
ͷɡ
ˣ
Ȼƽ
ַٵ()Ϻͷ˶ʮ롣
ԱϢᣬСʱſ԰롣
ƸĲҽܸ㶨˷
ã
֪ǲã()Ϻͷûôʹˡ
˼ſڿţһ۾ﾡǺ֮ɫ
ŵʱڵƷϼؾ˵ϧѾʧˣȻᡣ
ϴϴ߳ȥһ´˹
СҪҿûʲô
üаȥ칫Ұǿ
໣ߣһȺˡ
ҲûֹҪҽǲôţ
۾ȴͷſȥע
صڰ칫£Բҿ
ָ֣ŵϡ
Ƭջ֣һص˵ʹʱĻʹУʱأϢʱᡣ
ԭĵоǾɫҿһ֪ˣΪʲô𣿡
һۣа
֮ǰܹˣΪƵĲλȥԺۡ
Сܿ԰ǰȷʵܹˣ֮ûرʱʹɻȥ۵
ˣûж˭˵֪
𣿡æʡ
ͷܼ򵥣Ұ룬ٰҩܺã
˿ǻҪҵˣϣ̫ˣС̫ˣ
ЦҲԼ(ͦͦ)ģ
ҽĴϣͶλдӮˣϾʱκõĲü򣬸Сҽƺš
屧ֿűЦһȥԣ
ڶҽҲֺܴĺ棬Ů˾һ飬һҳڶҳµһƪ
ַŵϣСҿ
ְؽںͼ()()ʹףʪ()ؽס
()

76.76 ˰

76 ˰
˵ɴ۾
ˣһйؽףҽ˵()ÿһʱҶҪȥƣЧһ㡣
Цŵͷȷʵ()ҲܸεģҲǺͲƷҩͽơ
˼˵κ̫ˣˣ
Ļ˵ͱ
Сҿ
ϸ᳣ʹʹʹʹθ񣡡
ûʲô⣬ֻǻء
Щʪ
ʱȳ
㡭
ᣬ˶һ飬ĥλ׼ȷ˵ȫסȺƦ
Сû뵽㾹ȻǸҽ̫ˡ
һ˷緶
˵ǲ𾪣嶼˾
һֱΪֻǻҩ򵥵Ĺҽ˭뵽Ȼôţ((Ʊ))ʲôܿ
˰
콫ȥУʿǶ
̣ʿǴ඼һЩʹ޷ƣҲŮܰǸ缲
ʱ࣬ȥΪȡ롣
֮ǰþǿ(qng)ͬѡ
ҪֻǾôţ˵ΪЩС
֮֮ǰ۵ҪըѵͷѾˣ˻·һȦʧɵƣҲ˺ܶࡣ
ҲƲٰŰɣʼ˼ġ
װҩһƿӵݸȥ֮һƿ
ٹһ룬ҩȬˡ
ֽӹҩãлСˣ
̸˼䣬Ҵҵҩ뿪
򱻲Χġ
ʳ⣬ϲҽƿޡ
ΪЩһһ͵˰ܲ˷үԹĿ⣬ʳõĳ
³һȺ໵Ľ˷ܲѡ
ҩ԰Ѿ˳õҩģֻ࣬׼⼸˻ڣϿɽϼʮĶҩ
ʼΪҩ࣬һ߿źʶȤûš
һ̧ͷͼ岻Զ
˿ɫ߹ȥ˰ѡ
ôˣ()أûʲô̧ͷ
֣㱾()ȷʵûʲôĶҪˣ
һСʱ~
()

77.77 ʺ͵

77 ʺ͵
˵嶼Լжһˡ
üͷҪ𣿡
ţ
ͷʱңҹΪʩƣٷһҩԼԼѹưҡ
̾˿ã
ʣʲôʱܰҳڵĶأ
ǰûжģõѹҩۼ֤Ĺҽǿҵϣ
˵
һ嵥ҪĶҪЩҩƳɵҩھͿʼȥҰɣڰϡ
ݲֻҵӻҲУҲһǿ󷨳ݼɡ
ЩҩĺʶֲͬǮȥͼcŶŽҪƽⶾҩȫ
ֻԷģŽڶصҩҲȫҵ˳嵥
ֻ÷ԩͷˣƾڵıԴʽ𣬸Ҳġ
忴˿նϵ嵥ʮֱȽϡеҩģмָǾ˵ҪˣɵЩͷۡ
⿿Լ֪Ҫҵ£ֻүү⹫ӡ硢æˡ
ãһᾡϿģڵĶضӰܴһֱڸʴľ͹Ѫʱ̫˻Ӱ츳
ЦЦţҩľͽˣֻҩ
ȷҵҩģӦҲǿ㣬Ȼˡ
ͷ䣬ҪǱƻ츳ܵĶأھܴﵽĲ㣬ʹԴʯ
ʹԴʯľ͵
Ҳħٵƶأ޸ڻܣ()û˵ˡ
ӰŹǸĻʹҲһҪҳı
ϣɽ뵽ȥѧϰҩǱ֮ͬʱ˳ưѧϰ
λʦĶյҲʮֿ졣
ҩΣ֮󣬵˹ʦǴȥʵңʵ((co)co)ҩ
ʵʵӦҪҩôʵҲҩʦˡ
ϵѧû뵽ôʵ((co)co)ˣͬʱֺһĶûС
ֻ̬Ŀʼ
ϵͬѧ״ƲƲ죬Ͽǿɲóҩ
ǣУҩϵôרҵĿΣҲֻѧô̵ʱóҩϲװģ
ƽ۵˹ʦʲô⣬ܵһشϣҲǰõģȽʦϲ(i)ҲһЩ˵ļʺ͵ӡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

78.78 ôܣ

78 ôܣ
Ҫһʱţȫ()ĵͶ뵽ҩ֮С
˵Щ(())ˣ콵ĸϲʵ
(())ֻһ֣һ˼ô棬Ҳ׷׿ʼҩ
ûãһܵɫҩݸ˹
ʦѾˣ
˹¶һеЦݣɫѾóɹˣҼƷʡ
ȻѵҩΣ豸ȴȽȫ˵һλ˾ġ
ߵһԱߣҩ˽ȥ
Ҳ½ʧܣʽʾʱͬûһ˳ɹ
ʵǺ󣬱Ͼǲѧô̵ʱ䣬ҩֻţҪó뻹Ҫѧϡ
⻹Ҫ()ҩ츳ˣѧһʱ䶼ó
ʱһеһdҩȰٷ֮ʮ壡
ʲôôܣ
óɹˣȰٷ֮ʮ壿˰ɣ
Ҳ⣡
ڳѧԸʵ˲ֻǿǿôࣿ
ǵķ飬˹˳ǵ۹ΪȽĲɹʸߴٷ֮٣ܴ󡣡
õҩɫʮֵĴҿԤȻھʮϡ
ʵҲ£ܹϰٷ֮ʮѾǷǳˣٷ֮ʮǺܶҩʦѴﵽġ
żּ˵ҩ츳ǳǿ
ӵһϿοʼͷȽȱҩĳʶӾǳѧߣѧϰȴ̫ǿˡ
˵һ֪ʶһʱܼסһ
Ҳ̹ôѧУ츳ӵǿѧϰˡ
ھУҩϵЩΪŵѧõԱȣöҪѷɫٵġ
˹ǱȽȨҩʦĻŷ
ڳˣٲԸ⣬Ҳ죬ܡ
Ҳһ˶Ͷȥ羴Ŀ⣬źǿʲôطֵ𾴡
˹ûǣֱʵûóҩ˲ûģȽȥ֮úõ˼ʧܵԭһÿҲص
Ŷһᣡ
õģʦʵѾˣû뵽Ȼǳ˰ٷ֮ʮ
()

79.79 ǽ

79 ǽ
ϵѧ뿪󣬵˹һ߳˽ҡ
ҩϷǳ츳ѧϰô̵ʱóһҩѵãȻôߡ
Ϊҩʦġ
Цż˵Ѿʺˣҽȥѵмѧϰ
ҪǾҲ£һǿҩ˾ʵʩչһּƻӵк츳ͥȴѵҩʦṩ
΢ЦŻصллʦĺ⣬Ҿϻãܹ֧ȥмѧϰķãֻҪ鷳ʦæת°ˡ
ҩ˾Ҫ
Ͽûϵڱ(qng)ܱҪġ
˹ôѡֻҪԷܹͬмͺãʵ˲˽׼
û⣬һһмһ߼ֻ࣬ҪԸ⣬ҽȥתмࡣ
ѡʦҲ㡣
˹󷽵˵ȻĿ϶ϣҰ༶ġ
ҩûˣѡʦҲԷȥ졣
ʧЦҵȻѡʦİ༶ˣ
(ͦͦ)ϲλȴʧȤ()֪ʶ̱Ƚںʦ
˹ϵЦ(i)ģѡ񲻻
ˣðһ䣬ѧѾˣ
ʵصѧء
ʲôطϣʵǵڶУҩϵʦԸ⣬ҿ԰תУ˹̲סǽ
ŵѧƸתУյġ
⻰£û뵽˹ȻǵڶУҩʦӡѧУûнֵʦ
Ȼ˹ҲѹҪϵͳĬϵֻǸĵʹ˺ܶࡣ
ȿȣһʦʵҲǵڶУѧ
˹ͬ£ҲǵڶУģҩϵİɣ
ҪţӦͱ¶ˡ
ҩϵҡҡͷ䣺ֻʱ׼תҩϵȥ
ڻкüû⿪û̫Ա뵱ڱ¶Լ츳ʵ˵Σա
ںϵ(ͦͦ)õģܰϻڻ뻻ϵ
˹Щź̾˿̫ϧˣ
ҪǸı⣬ⶼңҿ԰תϵŵ
ͷõģллʦ
˵ʵͻȻɫ΢΢һ䣬ʦе(qng)Ҫߣ
˹ܺƣУȥæɡ
()Ӱʧԭأ硣
1030~~
()

80.80 Чܲ

80 Чܲ
()ţȻɫҰ׵վſڡ
ͷ·ѾʪȻھŶĥ
ͼͻǲòģɱڵϴҽʲôˡ
ֶһǸʴѪ()ģһĥʹ
һȴӲİţȥƽ
ɵ()ȥѸÿλá
ͷã
Щ鸡߽ķ䣬()ϣϢЩҡ
õĽóȽֽѵļؼ(Ѩxu)λ¡
ڽһȥ֮󣬷˺Ѱʹ˲١
ʮ룬ͨضľ磬ѹƶزôԾ
Сʱȡ룬ȥҩ˰ڵ(qng)ҪıһЩҩĵķ
Ŀᶨã
Ҫǲ˭й¶·һҪùẦ
һϣк˼ͬˡ
ҩʩʱҲˣεҩι¡
ģɳޱȣȴд()
֮ǰ۵̫Ѿࡣ
Ӱ˲ţ
忴ǰˣǸСŮһһȾż룬лл
һ٣Ŀܿ۾ܸоᱻȥһﳤþǸѹѧУٷ֮ʮŵŮá
Ϸʣ㻹˵ллѵð
еȥûĵҲǶøж˺𣿡
УллˣԺǵñҡЦŵ
ʧЦǷҵϢûء
һۣ㷿ȥ
ֽſһͣʮ˵Ҫ̫߲˯ˡ
ģһѣ
ȴˣռ()
֪ʱޱȣҲ()󺹵˹ȥһȥ˸ڵĿͷ
뿪󣬷ڴڵĴ֮ǰĺ֢Ǻصġ
΢΢ıӱ۾Ļ˯ȥ
ڶһ磬¥ͣѾָķ徫¥
ʣоΣ
ʮԾ£ܺãϴζҷҩ֮Чࡣ
ʱĻܲ׽ˡҲľĵط
ȴ⣬ҵĽһģ
Ϊ˰һѹƶأһܵùˣЧܲ
()

81.81 оܾĵ

81 оܾĵ
죬δϢģԼˣһԭˮ
Цʣ֢״˲ٰɣ
ĵС㣬첻ͷˣһֱŵʧ߶Ҳˡ
֮ǰÿϼҪʧߵҹڶ֮(qng)꣬ƣû
Դ꣬ȥϾ˯һþоܾöûôˡ
ͷҩҺЧûǱȽϿġ
ȥţİɡ
ãｫˮڣȥ˸ڡ
һ˾ͿˣȻſ
Ļ󣬲ɵ÷׷̾ҽţ档
Ǿĺͷҩ󣬻Ժ˺ܶ࣬ٶȿǾ÷ǳ棬Ҳ֪ϴڵôһ
ûϴһ뿪һļ
С㣬ϴѾⶨúͬˣ㿴ҪǾúʣǽǩ˰ɡ
֤ҽѾûκԥˡ
˶ܹʶôһλҽĹҽңҲϣǰˢˢڸкͺøУѡ
ͷ˿﷢ĺͬ
治ֻд˻ȫָ⣬Ϊ֮һ۸⣬ﻹһǱҵĲۡ
ⶨĺͬȽϸûʲôǾǩɣԷһҪǱңȻҲᷴԡ
üЦҵĲκúҲ׼ǨˣӪԺ˵ǻԺһ
˾򲻵ֻƷʻһ㡣ʶٴǻᶨڳһЩԼҷֳƷʸż۸ҲˣСԺҪʱҡ
ǵ͵Ҫ(qng)ˡ
֮ǰ˺ü˾Ҳ⣬ֻ֮ǰûиõҲû취
ڸţоܾĵ
̫ˣԺҪ鷳ࡣ
Ц鷳ܰﵽСҵң
˱Ƚǩ˺ͬȥ˿ԼȫӸ
ֻҪӪ˻ǱߣҲҪˡ
ũڻƶ˶ȽϲͿϸɻȽԸ
÷ٰæɫһˣɻ
ȥӣ岢ûиţӵĵ绰лլ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

82.82 α

82 α
忪ųؼңźͼԼӺʹ硢źȲ衣
үӱȽϳйŵʱڵĻ˱ȽϲȲ裬ҲѼ˴ŽȲϰߡ
ӼԼұСӽЦһΪҪϲŻ
ԼҶÿìܶҪ()ʱŸɣѵãŴ绰ûþͻˡ
ɫº˼֣ǳˣ
ۣһڲ磬ȻҲῪЦˣ
Ķ㵽һߣ磬㻹ܸ׵𣿡
Աߣϰ()ͷȻ˵Ҳף˼
彫ҷŪˣ
һ㶣漴˸ЦʣҼʲôʱôӹˣ椰ɣ
һۣΪ㣿ֻ֪椣£
£ôĹ˾ҾӪİ椲ǵˣȿԷ
˵Ǹ˹İ࣡
濡ŹֶҲʮֵķ棬֮ǿıΪ۶һӡʵСָڣ˭һ˽úܲҡ
򻨴йƬҶմ()׵˹İࡣ
һ˵£
ô˵ȥⲻ֪Ҫᵽȥˡ
ϰ֣һ£Ŀɳϣûܷ࣬ɡ
ӹĵʣڵĶػԾ𣿡
Ŷӵɫ;֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬ûбظŹһ
ЦŻصãڿƵķΧ
Ӵ׼õһƿҩݸóרڶصѹҩҪǶʱͷ¡
ûȥҩ۾ʣǸŮóģ
˭óģֻҪþУ
̾˿˵Ǽҵ(qng)Ժ˵϶𣿡
ЦܣҾԲͬ޽ġ
ͻȻǸŮĻǸˣ͵һ˸²⡣
һתʣϰ֣ҪȢţΪҩѹƶذɣǸŮܽڵĶ
ӻδ˵ִһڣҼô
ɫ΢䣬ɨһԼӣ㲻˵û˵ư͡
ƲƲ죬µˣαֲɵӣ
е(qng)Ҫȥ£5Ҫȥ룬ȥдģʣµƳٵ20ҷ~~ôô
()

83.83 ʲôҪ

83 ʲôҪ
ŽԼҵܵܡ
ֻϧϰֺʹ֣˵֪ˣⲻȥ϶ᷴԣ֮ǰҲ͸ס
Ҳ֣³ˣˡ
̾˿ŷ˵оó()ϵĶصҩڵҩʦҲֻ
һﾡ⣬Ȣ
ӵͷţֻôһ
һתҪҲνȢҪܰⶾһȥҲֵõġ
ﱦӵʲôҪ˵ֻǽ飬ҪóԪ׵λãҲԥ
Цǻ⣬Ȣǻ(i)ء
ȻǸҪŮӲģֲŲôûƷλ
û£Ҳ⣡֪ļƱȽͼҲֻһԪ׸˵ͷֻҪκöӣԸ⸶
ﻮһ˿ůȴ㲻⣬⣡
һŽ輸߿ɫѿ˵ҲΪұ((Ʊ))ȣʧȥҸ
ϣһϰٻ飬ȢҲӦϲŮˡصǿ
ӺΣ֪һ(qng)̯˵ԼҶӾԻִķԵø
ܿڵҺ϶ְֵ֧ģֻҪΪⶾȢŮʲôأ
˵ǸŮ˽ȢȢҲȢ
ҲԸ⣡ҡҡͷ棬Ů˽ţ϶ϵüլġ
˵ǸŮˣѾҵܰҽⶾˡǰﲻԾȾһЦ⡣
˲Լͬؾȳʲôҵⶾˣ
ͷǰȻôܿɫôõҡ
Ŷһأѹ֮󣬽ܻˣҪǵ()·䡣
嶾ʱ(qng)˶֪ôȣû뵽ϾȻ
λҩʦģָα֮ǰȫҩʦΪӿˣȫû취
ȻҲһŮԼĻΪˡ
廹̫뽫ǸŮҲϲ͵£ǵȴһĹҽڲ͸¶Ƚܸʶ
˼뻻ˮ˺Ż~~ȫ()е㷢̫ãȥ˯ˣֻܷˣ~~()쵽ˣҪע()壬ҽȥ룬ȫ()͸ðĺö~~~ллͺͶƱ~~
()

84.84 ǲǱƭˣ

84 ǲǱƭˣ
Ӹٴξ£ʵû뵽ΪⶾľȻһҽ
ҽڹŵʱڴ˵βܶĵطֻϧڴĹҽû̫ͻĴڡ
Ȼܰôѹƶ˵()˿ҩʦѷɫӸ
ʣǸҽܰѹƶظҲܰ㳹׽ⶾ𣿡
ͷֻܰҪҵҪҩľܳ׽ⶾ
˳ƽ嵥ˣ嵥еҩıȽϡУҪ鷳ϰֺʹæҡ
ؼҲøһ̨£򻹲÷أϾ֮ǰҳ߽׶Ρ
˴նϷֱ˿ҩ嵥ͬʱԼͬصͷҩĲϡУ˵ⶾ
ǻᾡȥѰҵġ
뵽˵ĻҵϵãҪʵҲӺҲС
Ӻ磿΢΢üϰҲ̫˰ɡ
年Цŵܹһִ󷨣ӺԺܿʱ죬໨ԴʯܴϰˣԤƿܾһҵʱɡ
Ǹʵ죬ҪŵˣԲ͸¶ֵġ
ʲôһŵģ
üͷҲһܹһҩݣҲ̫ˡ
ͻȻЩԼܵǲǱƭˣ
Ҳ֪ۿţۼ֤µӣ쳤ǳҩĻ߲ˣҲĺ档
󷨲ṩԴʯṩģҿüôˣ
ˣȫԭҩĺʳģɲľϵӪҺƷ֡
ȶʱ£ôõģȻôţ
ԼҵܵȻƢȽϴ()绹Ǻܸߵģʮ**ġ
ЩĿҲ᲼ùŵʱڵִ󷨣ʮֵĸӣһֻѲŻ᣻Σ֪Ҳģѵ(qng)ҿɲɡ
رĻڿӺǽţɲԼҲҪĿ
һܴģװĵ˵Ҽĸ첲⾹Ȼˣôõ(qng)Ȼչ¶ˡ
һۣװ
뵽ԼҶҴҵ󣬹˾ǰ壬ҲԺһ£ڡ
1030~~
()

85.85 Ա

85 Ա
ԼᵽĴ˼ȤǰΪ˵ܻܵ⽨һҩ˾ڹҩ˲Էһ
ҩ˾ȻչԭʼҩķֲҪܴݸƷʵҩģǰڶ໨ԴʯͶҲֵõġ
չ˼Դǣ֮ԴԴϵĿԴʯ㹻ˡ
׼Լ̸̸ȴȿˣ׼¡
˶λߣû˵(qng)ѹ㶾صҩ()𣿡
Ȼϣһ׵Ĺҽòпɵĵطȫų򲻷ġ
ӵ绰ʵЩ²⣬ԼӦû()϶ص⣬ǽιҩƿ滹Ρ
ҷõģ˽븨ƣЧôáҩƿ˹ȥ
ӽӹҩƿһ绰ܿҵרҽͱһ̨˽
Ԫף
ӽнƵҩͷոҩƿ˹ȥҩĳɷֺЧ
Ҳϸһߡǿ
ϵҩõֺѾרҵҩʦĺ֢⣬ģҲŸûӷá
ǣҵļͥҽֻҽҲһ߼ҩʦ(to)ƿҩƿӹȥʼ
ҸӶû˵ǵȴ
ԼСʱңͥҽŻϴųԾı(qng)
ӻǵһο¶(qng)(qng)ô
ͥҽصСõҩΪ弶Ȱٷ֮ʮѹٵĶأ־()Լ쵽죬Ҫڷҩ֮ЧԼ
ΪҩĴȵڰٷ֮ʮԻһĸá
綾ú()죬()ҲӰ죬üַãֱóյĽҩͣԺÿζʹʴ᲻ϼĥˡ
ȽϹ(yn)˵Ҳ֮ǰôҩʦۺ϶ԱȺЧϣٵҩ
漴һתǸѾûҩҺεĿƿҩֻһȴﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮţóַϲǺϵܸһҩʦûã˵Դﵽٷ֮ٵĴȡ
صǣô͵ȼҩΪҩĵĳɷַǳĴ䣬ʹ֮ӳ벻ҩЧѹƶصЧǳá
()

86.86 Ԥϵľϲ

86 Ԥϵľϲ
ͥҽѾ˵ƿӣųһƹʡ
ҩĴȺܸߣҲ˸ÿԺԲƣСõҩһܵͼҩʺ٣ҪǵȼٸһЩǾ͸ˣ
̲ס̾˾ǸҩϵţһδôҩĴ䣬ҩǿƾ׼
Ԫף֪λҩʦóҩأһ֮ġ
Ӹû뵽ҩЧȻ˺ãʧЦҼԼҵһҽæõģҲ
ͥҽĿͶ壬٣ܽ𣿡
һĽ⣬ǸŮ˹ȻûԼʧԤϵĴ˾ϲ
Ǹڻ뱩¶ԼĹҽҩʦ()ݣҪлٰｯҽɡ
ҽЩźҲǿȴ̲סԺлһҪΪ£
û⣡ͷ
ҽԪ׸ӻлҪ˵ʶȤ뿪ˡ
ӸȻ⾪סˣȴϲ
ȴչȥ§סļǵ˵԰ʶôŵĹҽҩʦҲ͸¶¿ڷ硣
ô˵Ƚܸʶ£оǾ⣬Ǹҩ˾ȱľ˲źԭʼҩˣ
ղŽҽļ⣬ȫԼҵܵܿǸҽ֮
õһҩ弶Чδżδ(qng)ǸʲôҲԲ򵥡
εĽƿ˵˲УһȥҪȤٸ㣡
ǿ§ȥҩ˾ԭҩĴɾͿˣ
һۣ֪ˣ
ӺͷҲ׷ȻͬǳҪһλҽҲ˼ҵѡ
˽ȥ飬һ±ҽֺ󲻸ˣͻȻβ鷳ˣ˵ЩбµĹŵ򴫳ߣƢЩŹ֡
ҲԼ֪Ƣ
ӽõҩֱȻҵΪԼĹҽ֮ͺúõβɣСǱߣѹƶصҩһˡ
ʮĵͷǵȻˣǸŮˮƽҪֶģϰԺٺӴ
ˣǻҲ˰ɣĶԼӡ
ӿЦãôһͶҪҽΪڵĶأȻȢ
֮ʱȫˣǻţΪ˶ӵ()岻ܳκһ˿©
Ҳ֪Լӵ˼ֻҪȢȻٶ㡣
İɣһܰκõġġ
Ҳ̲סھУؾ֮¾˵ǿԼĻΪβϣһӡ
ллͺͶƱ~~~(qng)û꣬һỹҪȥ£컹Ҫһ룬ָܻĸˣôô~~
()

87.87 ô

87 ô
ĹҽãҲĬԼȥβ
뵽ҳûȥӪԢլЦʣסʲôط
ԼҶƢ֮ǰҲȥϸȥĵطֱ̼˲֪Ҫɳʲô(qng)
ȥҲ˦ˣ治֪סʲôط
ü۴Цסأÿгкȵģ̹
ǳζҸұ֤ûбó⿵ˣĻŵʱڵʳԾ̲ס
ˣǵһǼôһˣüЦͽȫղס̫ˣ
˼һ§סԼܵܵļ򣬴յʣʵǸǲǸŮģ
ܹŵʱڵʳöʿ϶λҽԼҲǿˡ
Ŀ˸Ҿ㣬ᵽŮˣ˼ͻˣѲʮ꣬ţ۲ݣ
ԼҶǸ֣ɲϣ
ȳ˳һͷߣȥôף
ҵúǿһ㣬Һ˭(i)(qng)Ըģ(i)ô۵Ĳݣϲз(qng)ζŮˡ
ζЦ˵ʮС۲ݣԼȥаɡ
ԭǸҽǸŮˣֻȴС⡣
ӺͷҲһľȣôĹҽȻֻǸСе㲻˼飡
һϧص̫ˡ
ûƿ磬˵˵Һװ׵ѣ
ŤţǿһͷĸأһСĵҪʰ˭ȥа
УˣȺһβصϡ
ôû̸(i)ⷽеúܣƾԼ˼֪Ҳƣ䷢չˡ
ֿ()Ƣ˵׷޻᳡ԺõſϷ
ò˵Ķˡ
ԼҶ羭ŵˣҪȥˣ
üһԸ緹ѾԸʦƽϲԵĲˣ
ԴӳĲˣȫ걻ˣƲƲ죬ǰҲǾܳԣûˣ
˿ʱ䣬ҵøϻȥ緹ϰԼ԰ɡ
һʱֲԭʼʳĸƷ£֤ǻζɪվ()
ҸӿԼǵɪģô
ڴĵͷðǵţ
װ޷ӣ컹óȥѡһϣȥдģʣµƳٵ20-21ҷ~~~
()

88.88 㻹ʲôģ

88 㻹ʲôģ
صũѾ˸(qng)
պø緹һʮַḻɵԼˡ
극½ͲӪҪѵǱңǰڵͶ뻹(ͦͦ)ɹ۵ģϧѾûʲôǱˡ
˼ʣôˣ
̯̯֣ȱǮ
֮ǰӽⶳ˻ˣȻͼ˺ͺˣʽ𲻻⣬Ҫ٣
(qng)ܺã֮ǰһɨգµؼҿ϶˺ܴջ񣬹ƺ(qng)Ҳˡ
Ǳң
뵽ƬѾ˼һתʣҪֹܳŵʱڵѣ˵˶𣿡
ǿ϶డü㲻ҪĸĴұ˰ɣ
ŷԺ˵ҪһﵱУʵұԼ졣
ʲôұĸĶҲ֪Ӱ̰ˣĸ˰š
ǰԿ׿ܻĸйأֻϧڻûʲô
ۣ̲סպȽȥˮ˳ļٵģ
Цǻ˵ٻˣ
û뵽Ů˾ȻܷչŵʱڵѣͻȻ泤һƬδ֣ɵ̲סЩˡ
ҪʮֵĺҪô¹š
ĵͷ㣡
ʲôʱʼЩȲʡ
ûĵʵ۲̫༱Ū
˳ǣ᲻ú˵
Ƚæͷֿʼƻ
ϣһֱ
ѡһϸȽϺʵӣõ鷿ŷ˵ӣȻһҩѬȾ濾ɡ
СʱһѿȥζǿеѳƷá
һỺƮ(())ڷ䣬鶯Զ˾·ϴһ
ɫѷڡ
һﾡǾ֮̾ɫû뵽Ů˲ֻܷƹŵʱڵѣȻᴵӣҴôá
Ѿˣһֹζ鶯ֱ˼顣
㻹ʲôģ̲סʡ
Цָ㣬ҲİòƲ١
ʲôģͻᡣ
ҿѧûжѣŷĲһ䡣
ѧҲһʱƱһѧһ飬Ϊѧϰ츳̫ǿҲͨˣ
˼ѡ궫ȥԷ10ŵң컹һ11ңôô~~~
()

89.89 Ӹ˭

89 Ӹ˭
ͻȻ뵽֮ǰүӵĻ
(qng)ЩһѾĿϴǸ㻭ģ
ͷ԰ˣ
һЦˣ
ѶܷƳһŻʲô
ֻǲ֪үӷˣ᲻׷ǱңŹȳ
үоôĹֻȻûпǷɵģһĿ仭Ҳְܷɡ
Ҳ֤Ů¾һ֣Ѿ뻯ˡ
̲ס̾գαػʲôũʱһȥҲһˡ
ַ¹ŵ(qng)ܾɣгϳֵĶˣܻᱻҳ˿˵һн((co)co)ġ
Ҫʵʽת飬Ҳ¹
׬ǮķʽҲӦ°ˣһϣԼϲ(qng)ȥƸͼֵ˼
巢ԼٴСŮˣҲȽ͵һ㡣
Ҳǣ(to)ȤǾżξУ
յԱЦʣ˷ŵʱڵ黭⣬㻹ʲô𣿡
١á«˿ȵȹԷƣŴҲԡ
°ͼ˵òƹ鼮ķıȣЩҲǿԷƵġ
Ϊӵл꣬ѧϰ츳ǳǿѧһֻȥѰȤ¶ԣѧ˲ٶ
һҭѾ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣ̬
ĸҵĴҲ̫ţ˰ɣ̾
̧̧°ͣѵѧģ
ţ((Ʊ))Ĵָѧʲô̫ţϾŵʱڵĶ()ûе̴Уôܷó
ղӣûӴѧܴóŹˣ
Ȼÿ˶Լܺ**ºܺ棬Ҳȥ׷ס
кЦǵȻ
ѻȥ𣿡ʡ
Ҫ֣пܻᱻ˶ϣ۸Ҳһ⡣
ͻȻ֮ǰ׷һŮˣϲթ̫ϧˡ
û⣬Ұɣõϰ棬м(i)֡
ϲˬ쾢УˣҪǻ߼ۣԶ磡
ȥĴٹܴˣĳƻܿҲԿʼˡ
һȻã
Ȼվ()ھȥңźϢɣ
Ϊ˶ƴˣӸ˭
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~ĸʱʮҰ~~~
()

90.90 

90 
Ҫ뿪ס
ȱ𼱣ٵһľװţȽеΣ
ó֮ǰ׼ħһС̴ľȻ÷ܿһ±µľг͡
˷¾ɵĹգȥֻʮֵƥ䣬ַ豹֮С
ѷ˽ȥЩź˵Ҫһ߻Ƴо͸ˣ
ľп˿Ů˵ĵ̼Ҳǿ滳ڷһ飬ûвġ
ľѾԵúеˣʲôûҲˡ
ŵľϻɢһɵζʣʲôľ
ϵȵ̴ľεѼ۸ҪһЩҪǴε黭УǰȽϲľƷռٵصȡϵľħ
׼Ǳҵλ֮󣬾ȥһЩ֣ħ̴ľ֦ľƻȣͲ̫ˡ
ǳԾʲôȻǴ˵е̴ľ
үһ̴ľİڼƽһصÿɽˣ
˵ľҲڱΣģѾҲҰĻˡ
ʣô̴ľģũûľͷɣ
Ц˵Щĸ崫ˣ
ĸ崫ұЩ⡣
գգ۾Ƶǹҽ壬ֲ׺ԭʼҩĺʳĶ˲ٵӡ󶹵ȣ̴ľȻҲС
ֻĸˣȻ޷ƾóӡ
㵹ŵģϾܹеڵĹżôе̵ģƬɽҲԭʼҩĵģӦǼҴ
Ǽҵ̻Ȼôֵĺö
̴ľĺӺҪȥүͷƵַˣ
үȴӲʲôǱңΪ˶ǶԼҶְɡ
ѵǫЦЦˣ
ĸ嵽ʲộʵһ֪
ԭ()ļĸ״Ӱ뿪֮ûٻȥСҲûȥĸһΡ
֮ǰӰѰǰԿףҲĸ廹һЩöġ
屧ľУȥˣ
ڰ֣ȥɣ
ſųԥľȥĹԢ
ȴһգվڿȴһ绰
ܿ죬ȵ()Ӱ֣档
˿ԼҵܵڵĵطЩȣһôˣ
©ַҹ꣬ոպã̫(r)ˣѴӴ˯һȻðˣӺͷ޻һŰīд~~Ӧȥ()~~ʣµȥ˯һдɣܻõ㣬ȫûо17~~~~⼸ǱǸ~~
()

91.91 ɣ

91 ɣ
ȽźԼҵܼܵһҪû¾Բ
Цſʣ£
ԼҶһҲûڣкöԭ㿴ģæĻǾˣ
ʱȫϢͶӰϳһӢʮӣЦŵҵʲôöˣùһ𿴿
ԱǰҲù£
Ƚƿһȥ
ʲôöҪҿصĻһͻصĻʹҰɡ
˼һתأģϹ
Ѳǵ۶ȽмĹӣҵ¹͹ȥ˵Ҹ˿ӱʸġ
ô˵Цű˸ַ
˹ȥڵǵ۶ߵһҹ档
ԿӸֱͯ˶¥䡣
Ķ¥͵۶ҹʱܸдĻǿ飬˼۸һİ
Ǯܶģû()ݵλȥ
һΣնֱȥȨޡ
Ž˰䣬ŮеʶŮĲʶ
ȶ()ߵŮʹһ񣬶ԷԾһԣλó˳
屧ľ»û˵һɳϵȴȿˡ
㱧̴ľĹźУ
üظܺðܿ
λǵ۶һԺؼҵļ̳أȦˣ첻֪ôһˡ
¶˿Ц⣬Ҷ̴ľζȽУҼ̫̫ϲľ
װŵʲôùҿ֡
̴ܹľװĶȻ
֪λǸǮƵˬĵ˹ȥ
һżҪ֧ŵʱѣҿ(ͦͦ)ģŷˮùҶҪҪ
ô˵ļ˶Ȥ
ؽӹӴ򿪣һ֧ȥŲɣУʮйζѣ۾˲
̧ͷŷʣҪ
ͷǰôɣ
˵ǳӵĲʺܺãȻȥЩͷˣɱȴãǲ֪ɫˣ
ȤŨɫǳҸ¼һ룬
˵նˣ֮ǰӿʼ󲻾¼µƵ˳
΢е״̬ˣ1830~~~
()

92.92 

92 
ܿ죬һĵ(())ڰ
Ӳó˽ȥƬ̲ŷ׷׻
(i)ֵĽ𣬡ɫӺöӵϴ˵һַ·ϴ֮У
Ҫˣϵ˵
ԭ§ŮĽЦҲ̫ˣҼүͬϲŵʱڵĶҿҲҪ
۶ϼһǾʱȣһһϲҫղصĹŵʱڹ棬ҪܽѺ̴ľдȥүӿ϶ܸˡ
ֻҪүӵĻˣڼеĵλȻˮǴߡ
Ҳ֮ǰȫϢƵ绰ˣͬ۶ҪĵϵԼһ˾Ʊ
үҲǳĹ(i)ߣرϲղعŵʱڵӱҲȡġ
ꪵ־Թű컭ꪡеꪡ
һȥεӢӿЦֺö˭һӶࣿͷ̫̫ǿɶϲأҼ̫̫ҲϲЩŵʱڵϹŶҵòһš
λǻ𩣬һ´ңͷһѡ⡣
˶ֻһ忡ֻЦţҵ¹󣬸ӪһרռŵʱƷĸ߶˹˾
ֻļ̱Ҫѷɫ࣬ȻĶȴʶȤûпڡ
ûĶ˵ҼĺöҼүҲһڣʲôأ
Ҳܲ³϶ԼҵܵλҽĶԲԼҲżȤ
ؼҪԼЩΣҼ̫̫ϹˣҲٰæܲҸĹȥڷⶫֱΪҼ̫̫׼ģǿɶˣ
̫̫ϲľͷƷϲѾ֮һ
ҲžýĶȫΪ̫̫()һ
ȴӣ٣Ҽ̫̫Ҳˣ찢ȽԼҲǱһʺ͵Ҿ;úܺʡ
Ҫȥ̫̫һ֮£Ƕˡ
غһȦӵģҵĽҲҲˣµԷ
ҲǸ´ģҪүӰ(qng)Է⣬λҲã
()

93.93 æ

93 æ
û뵽˻ˣЩòԼܵҪʲô
޵ĵݹȥһѯʵ
Ͷȥһ԰񣬸ʾ
Ȼûиôһѣôһ©λԺûö
û뵽˾ȻԼˣǺзȵûбҲûȰ˵á
ֱֱĿҺǶֿѣⶫҲҪ˵һ۸ɡ
Ц٣ǻͰǴС浽ֿأ(qng)Ϸͱˣ
˵ҪôɣԷ
ҲȽ޳ɣ㿪ۣ
һЦ⣬֮ǰһ׼ǱңǶҪҵ˭
еЦҪ׼ԼӼۣǾ͵Լμˣ۸ߵã
Ȼˣ˿û˭((Ʊ))
Ҳã˺Ҳƾ˵λҪǺȻˡ
򣡡ꪺ
𩣬򣡡
Ҳܹϣ˰򣡡
ꪺͻЩλȻôߣڱصˣɵöһۡ
پ٣һֹȻͬ죬ˣꪲų˾ûãպͶһʽֻܷ֡
룬˰ϵļ۸񳬹λЦ˵ټȻôϲҲˣ
Ҳõһ
(qng)ȻǴұ˴϶ȽϺÿˡ
صЦ˾Ͷлλˣ
̶壬ˣһ˸תˣ
ЦŰڰ֣û⣬شѵŲ
룬ֵܲܰһæ
Цʣʲôæ
ؿżɽ˵Ҽ̫̫ϲҸղ¼ʮֵζ϶ǳϲ
֮˵ļպܸ֪߳ܲѣ̫̫ʱѴһأ
ʧЦǲܣѲϲַͷ
Ųȥ˴أؼ̫̫ڵ۶ĵλܸߣһλǿƽʹ㷺¡
Щʧ˼һתЦҵǿһȻ¼ƺ÷㣬ʱ̫̫ٵʱԷţרŵʦŴҲС
ڿȰȥһصƣ˵ǸŮõʱ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

94.94 ɲ

94 ɲ
⻰ϵʧ֮ɫһɨա
¾ͽæˣ̫̫ҪǸˣǷһ(qng)
ҪӮ̫̫ˣΪ˹ڼеĵλȫΪС̫̫ģ(qng)ޱ
Ҳϣÿ˼ҹʱϲһЩ
һokƣû⣡
漴ͻȻһܺõѹᣬЦʣظ磬̫̫ǲҪڼ죿
صͷ̫̫ϲڼ(r)֣ôˣ
һ˵оŵʱڵĶҪܹɹ̫̫ʱҸ͵ȥ
ЩģѺ(ͦͦ)ܸɵġ
ϵЦٺòˣ
ظСʱû㣡
ؼʱСǺܿ׵ģѹֵַô磬Щʡĵİǿž˷
վ()ͼкУţһе¾ˣ
ͲһȦӵģҲôõһĿѾﵽûҪˡ
ߣлһ棡ꪼ˻ӻ֡
()ͣظ磬֮ϵ
ߺ󣬽()ߵԱߣ§ļ򣬡ɲܺ˱˰ʲôģǲҲӦһݣ
ŵʱڵĶ׷Ūȥͷ̫̫ǳӮûģӡ
ҲЦſڣǰûΪʰ̯ӣкöɲǡ
ǿŷ峤ģϵҲ׽˵⡣
㵱͵ȥξұүӳһ٣ôҲòҵ㶹ɣ
岻ЦŴ󷽰ڰ֣Ƕ˵˵
ʱŪζЩŵļһ
ȻǵһμԼҵܵôģһζĻȡ
ҪǳСӲصýǸС
һᣬ꿷ŵ̬ԼƬݸ壬٣ԺҪйŵʱڵĺöҪչҵⰡ
ղŷó̴ľѣȷʵǺö
Ҫƽ岻һ뵽Ժ˵õõ˵ĻᣬϾŮʱʱĻ㶫Ӳ˵ʱ򣬻һ
ǽƬӹ𣬡Улչ⣡
ƿ꣬ҲùˣֻϿȥϲ¡
11~~
()

95.95 Ҫ

95 Ҫ
忴żˡ
硢硢硢٣ҾȻȥˣ
Ц˵£ô缱Żȥ
û()ߵŮһۣҵǲǼ
ꪷӦʧЦҲѧ˰ǿˣˣ
úվ()˸кˡ
Լҵܻܵ𼱻ǵˣ¶֮ɫСӲŶþͱԵˣ
ꪶԷЦʣǲǽŮˣҲܹܣ
ƽСӾһקըģھһ()С
дżֳ˵֪ܵܳɲøˣҿɲҹ(qng)СƢһҲǡ
ʱŮֻص()ߣЦΪ³ʱҲ̫Źˣ磬ôܹˣ
ֻҪȫûԭݳš
ԷһҪʶȤÿλãҲλŮʺãܲ
Ǻ˵һȫڣɲٷȥˣǶҪɷٵˡ
ԭЦɫ˲˳һץסԷΪԼ󣬡תһǮ㣬ǵĹϵ˽
Ů鲻ŵĿ˲ʲô˼
Ц˼̫ԼˣҲֻɫ˵ģ
۶Ȧӣ˭֪ܺͷֵܵĵ߾Ƿ٣(qng)˵Ǽ(qng)ֵܺ˭ܷ
ſ()Ե()ӣǷ˳ģЩֵƽʵҲûٳţŮ˵ӻ󣬾
ҲǰƢãҪǻңһôʶȤˣ
ŮʱҲ֪ղԼôһĺȽء
ĺ(i)ȣ()ϴȣҸղź˵ƣЩŻ˵ԭҰɣ´Ҳˡ
䵭ĵһˣ
ȣŮĻû뵽˵˵
ȲֱӷԸ˽ߡ
Ů󣬿ȴӶϳȥ󣬰Ҳ徲
˵Ů׷׵ͷٴڸУﰵŮǸ̫߿ԼЩеĵλôü޵
ȵȫûˣԽꪵȥ˭ӴǲֹҼĻ
ꪲɵô˸ЩֻҪˣã
ðǽдĺ12~~
()

96.96 Ͷ

96 Ͷ
忪ųũ֪ΪԼø׷ûõŮֱӹˡ
֪Ҳϣ籾Ƿ٣棬ЩŮ˶֪ǻҪԼɶ˻ϳ壬ֵܹ˭
׼ȥһ
ò¶֪˭ˣŹȻĳ˵վſڡ
ɷģ˲ٰɣ
߽ȥ·ſקķ磬ǵȻ벻˶٣
߹ȥԱ£٣ǱҰɣ
Цʲôٲ£
ǰ()ɪЩЦãܵģѲɻ߰˰򣿡
Լɣ彫ظ˻ԼǱת
ʾ˿˻İ˰Ǳֻ˻۾£Ȼô࣡
(qng)ƵҲңѲȥˣ
˵һʶ𣬵һʱ׼ȷҵ˭ؼ͵򣬲˭
彫ȴڲ輸еĻƣôүҰ¿װɣ
ǳ˺ð£˾ԲôߵģһȻá
(qng)ܺõĴ˹ȥеİүҿˣ
֪ͺãζĿ֮⣬һ˸棬Ҳøлң
Цʣʲô棿
㽫ԼԼͶ(qng)˵һ顣
ǸóԵ㣬˱үƣ
û뵽һ￴ŲŵȴôϵЦżȣ϶İ
ͬһüʣ˵Ķ᲻óԣ
年ү˵
ŤŤϵ()˵㻹ˣ
ҿˣȻط˯ȥɣ
˲˺ڣҿ͵ľͶ
ǿ˷䣬ͻȻ˶Բ滮УҵúúһݼƻӰң
˵Źϣܵ濪ʼдƻֻƷ
֮ǰûǱңҪºúװ²Ҳû취˰˰Ǳңװ޵ܽˡ
ʱһҪһڽˣ׼ϸȫС
ķֳֺŮ˻Ͷᣡ
Ѿϰ̬ȣһӣһת()Լķ䡣
ظð̫ˣдûо£һŽ벻(qng)ˣˣллͺͶƱ~~~״̬õĸôô~~~
()

97.97 ʶ

97 ʶ
װͼֻȱ˲װεĶ
ҪŪһȽйŵζŵĸ߼ص㻹Ҫ֣װ޲϶̫ƫִˡ
óһֽҪ׼嵥оһ飬ȥ̨ϴ
ִĩʱԣˣܵڶصĸ⣬ÿ춼ղʡ
ҲسѹƵ˵ʱʴ()塣
ڶһ磬ȥ繫˾һͳһЩרմɵĹߡ
մ绹еģֻǴеıȽ٣Щֲڡ
Ҳ͵;ߺͰڼã߼۵մɻǵùŵʱڳġ
εǲ׼¹ˣ׼ԼһЩ໨ɵȥڼװΣܹߵΡ
ĸ߼˿һȦ´ԭʼ˿ŵҲ⣬۸񻹹ס
ȫһҲû˿ʸܴﵽҪĲ˿뽫ֻܷ
Ȼȥ򵽲ֵĹ˾˿ǿ˼ֲ֣ɼ۸һˣһֻ־ȻҪʮǱңأ
ڰ칫ҷƷ˽
һܵƣĲȻȫˣȥҽԺ飬Ǹҽһһ׷Լô쵽ġ
˯ߺɫˣҲ˼緢˾ʮ㡣
Цſڣҽʲô£
κãҽõľϿɣĳƺСҽ
ִʱҲ˳ΪҽԶƺ(ͦͦ)ϰߵġ
е㷳£̾˿ͻȻ뵽òũ(ͦͦ)ġ
۾һֱӵЦʣʶ۲ֵ𣿡
ЩȻҪ֣㻹ʶˣҸպʶһר˿ѣƽǲ۲֣ҽĻҿһЩ㡣
ֻǲʮֵ()źԭʼɣҶɱҲȽϰҽϵĻÿǺóɱ⡣
һѣǸ˵ʱ򣬿˺üֿһʣڲſʼɹġ
лѣһ棬鷳æλѰɣ
ħٿռŵȵɣ
Ҳϲ壬ձտ٣ԼŪ˲ĿȾҲ֪ҲãùЩ
()

98.98 żְŰ

98 żְŰ
ģᶨȰ˵ͷնϵ˶Է
ҽ治պڳҪȥˣһ˰ɡ
ϲˬ첻ð
Ǳе£һȥˣ˲ũ
Ϸһͬ￪ųȥǼҲϳ
ʱĹ۲Ϳ飬ַʮֵĴ飬˲ȴܳȣѧϰҲǿ˾()ߺúںȱ֡
ϳڵ۶⣬ܶǴɽȽϳԣ
ϳúũ񣬳һЩ⣬ܵɽﶼɣ
вٻ˴˹ڸɣӪԼ޻
ʱһȥͱȽϴ˳
ϸĻ(ͦͦ)ģ
ִӣһֳ˰
Ӳ˲ͷϵĺˣ֪ôˣֲϵˣ
漴Ŀŵ()ϣòЦкλҽɣ
͸ϵܺã֮ǰ֪Ҫ뿪۶źڲκˣҲŸˡ
ֻǿǰŮôҲ޷λһҽ
ЦŽܣԣλҺ˵ҽͲ󣬿ɹҽҽȴǳտҽȥҽԺ飬ҵĲǶȬˣ
λʯҵˮҵ⡣ֶܡ
΢Цʯܺã
ʯһƣ̸
һʯİ칫ң˼䡣
û̸ϵ(qng)ʯ̲סȶЦʣҽ()ܲܲͷæ
ȥҽԺƣЧҲ󣬻þȥǺܷꡣ
ȻôĹҽżְŰɣԡ
ͣãһֻ֣ҰѰ
ʯ˵ҽֶʲôУ㿴Сﵹרҵģһֻ첲
ָ̽̽ʯܣ()ص⡣
һڷʧزϵӣУˣ˯߼٣ƣͣ½ΧʧȥȤԥǣŭɣʣͷΣĻţ֫䣬˵岿λʹʡ
ڶ㻹йĲֻǳڣֻͻǰʹż()ʹѹեʹҪڵĻǽӰ쵽ˣ
12~~
()

99.99 

99 
жԭǶʯƵɴ۾
̲ס̾ҽ̫ˣ˵Щ֢״ȫУ
صҲûж˵λҽҽˣǰѰͱȻ黹׼мˢӡ
Ҳѹֺѵ̬ȻĿż־⣬ҽ˭Ҫŵ㡣
˲ͷĴ󺹣еʣ𣿡
ͷƣҲǶ⣡
һýҩƣϵڷҪڣüʲУԴԼҪһҵʱܿ
ʯѾⲡ˺ü꣬˵ֻһ¾ܿͫײɵЩţȻô죿
̫ˣһúƣ
漴ЩЦⷽʵһֱڳԣҲһֱڿӪȥʳķˣоǶŶӵģ˭ֻ֪ǲ̫ˣ
ҽǲиõļʷһָʲôû񻹺ۣŲ죬ܹˡ
ЦһƵҲһЩ峦ʵҩٽһ(to)ǿ()ȭ㲻ýʳһ֮زܽ͵׼ֵġ
ʯ̲סˣҪܽ͵׼ֵǾ̫ˣ
ʲôʱأԼѾȲˡ
֪˵ԴҽͲϣһҲȽģǴ()ϵģһܿʼ
ҩĻҪȥ䣬նϴλøңúʼĸ㡣
ʯͷãã̫鷳ҽˣ
ļѣ㳧ϢĵطҪȸʩ룬Ȼȥ֡
ԼĽţʩչһ֮ʯͻԵĸƸܣڽ̸ֵ(qng)
ʯȻᷴˣ칫ԱһϢңϪ˽ȥʩ롣
ӿռó룬Ȼȸ
ʯ˲ûж⣬˫ϵŵ(qng)ܣǲɵЩΪźϧ
Ҳ̾ΪһȴӣΪһȣҲøˡ
ǿĹҽɱսܸúͳˣϾ˾ͲԶ
Ϊʯʩ룬һʼЩϰߣɽľͷ()ĸһЩ˾⣬֪о˯ˡ
ڷأһʩΪһСʱЧҲá
ȡʯڳ˯ѣԺ۾ų()͵ĸоһ()ѵõˬ˯ҲӺ
()

100.100 ȻǶԵ

100 ȻǶԵ
·ӯһȦƵģͷ֮ǰͣðŵĺҲͣˣʯȫ𾪵Ĳ֪ҪôԼ(qng)ˡ
㼤Ҫȥˣҽҽ̫ţˣҸо˶˺ܶ࣡
һɷƵָ˷ҵĽȻЧҩ֮Чã
ʯɼ컹ʩ𣿡
ֽƺ̫ˣҪҲԸġ
ʧЦôƵһʩһΣԳȻȥҵũʩ룬Ĵμɣ
ʯֵİڰ֣ʲôκò˵Ҿȥũ㣡
ЦЦˣ
ʯôҲ֪Ч϶Ԥϵĺã¶һЦݣ֪Լܴˡ
ȻѾ겡ˣһȥְɡ
ʯ̧ţҼĲˣ
ͷЦ˵ҽЩֲÿˣҴȥҵ˽Ʒ⣡
ȸβȻǶԵģð鷳ʯˡ
ʯ˴ɽһͨ()ܺõ
ź֣ܶЦŽܣⶼЩϺȥѰĲֻ֣һСƫԶзֵģ֤۶ûС
ĽٲϵƷ֣Ҳϳ
һȦɫ¶⣬ʯĲֻıȽȫϡУϡϡϡ϶С
ô˵ʯ()()ЦӣҽֻҽãȽ϶ϰ
ЩҲǾ˺ܶನۺռģڲſʼ޷֪ʵûм
ȻҽѡһЩʵֲϣûȥ֮Ͳˡ
ü۴Цðʯܾˬˣ
ߵһרŵķֳǰ߲ʰ쵵Ĳϱûмʣʲô֣
ȥʱ޷зֵģȫҰģҲֻôһСƬҾø߼ȫ´˻ڽʲô֣Ҳ֪
ʯҸȡһֽв˿ϣ㿴Щϵɫͬʵ³˿Ҳвͬ()ɫӽ˿ʸ()ʮֵĸ߼
ȡŲͬɫĲ˿ݸϾǽĽܣǲ˿³˿ȫٽмӹȾɫ³ܵƷãֹƷģҲĲ֡
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~Ҫʼ߾(qng)ˣҲҪⷢ(r)~~~
()

101.101 

101 
ӹ(i)֣˿ʸĺܺãɫҲȺڼӹɫ࣬һַǳ߶˴ϵεĸо
׷ƷʣҪеĸһ¥
ٺõ˿ҪҲҪȾɫֲ˿ĲˣȻȻɡ
ĦŲͬɫĲ˿ЦŵʯĺܺãȻֲ˿ϣѼ
ҲôһСƬȴʯˣһͲд򽻵Ե֡
ʯЦŨҽҶ˼ˣ
ҲȦӣżɽ˵ʯܣ˸ղЩ⣬Ҷ˿ϷǳȤ֪ܸ(i)һЩ𣿡
Ҫû֮ǰľʯ￴ղصƷ˵Ǹ(i)ˡ
Ϊղչ¶ҽԼʩ֮Чһʱ;ҪҽĽȡ
˻ܵýõȻҽˡ
ԼĵУǳš
ˬЦ˵ҽǲᣬ˿Ҳ(i)ġ
ǾͶлʯˣ
Ƚϲˬ˴򽻵Ѿ֪Ҫνأ
ʯڰ֣ʲôҪҽЩֵҽҩѰɡ
ȻҪ(qng)ˣ϶ҪǱʲôķռ·硣
ͬǸ(qng)ˣУȻʯôֱˬҲͲܾˣĲ()ϣ֤ܰκã
ԺҲԶʯһҪĲ˿ܻ(ͦͦ)ء
ʯ˿ҵȵľҽ仰ˣ
漴һתиҵúҽ˵˵˿ϱȽرֻϲ׽ϢԲԼѡ(qng)ˣ³˿ʸвŻá
д(i)ֳ䣬Ǿϲ׽ңԶιġ
óʯԲϲ(i)ҲѹֲлռôϡƷ֡
ЦŵͷðԣҲԵ֣
ʯӡܺãüͣҽȽϺô򽻵ƢŹ̬ǿӲˡ
ֳֽ򿪣ЦԣҪϲͻܹģ㶼ߡ
ã߹ȥ۵˽ȥ
ԭ˿˯Ĳ˿˲(ɧɧ)һ̧ͷ¡
Ȼĳﲻĵ˹ֱճϣͷϵš
()

102.102 Ŀɿڴ

102 Ŀɿڴ
һĻʯ͸ﶼĿɿڴˣ
˿()ǳϲ(i)ҲֱӣɻǵһôԵıϲһֻʣĶֱ˼飡
һʼҲЩȣܿͲ³ˣӦ()̺Сһǡ
ܿعЦЩ˿ϸϲҽ
ʯҪȫ(i)ˣһ˼ȥԼѡϲĶԴߡ
ʯһ漴ҲȻˣǺҽԵ֣Ȼұȫ(i)ˡ
ȻڵѪ()ۣ˵ȥĻջأŵǳ֮
ȴ̰ĵˣʯ˵Цˣҿɲܶ(i)ܹЩ˿Ͼˣ
ӷֳÿһɫĲѡ˼ֻҾѡЩɣ
ʯʧЦҽȾǲҲͲװˣЩСһǻ˵(qng)
ЦҿҽͲϱȽԵ֣ҪƷҲԿ
ĺܺ棬ܼò׽
ҲܾԼѡʵʺð
ʯĲ䣬ͬ˽ȥһеĲֻҪһ֣ܵǰͺ̵ĻŲϡ
ʯ͸￴ó治ѣӿ϶֮ôЩ˵ϲȿֺߡ
ҽԲ
˵ĵкܺãõĽ⻰Ӧˣ
ѡ˲֣ʯ˼ķֳװ˽ȥ
ϸĵĽҪʳõҶӵȣһ׼ˡ
ҽҪҪɣҶȾãôһΪ(qng)ҲǲϣЩϡ
ͷãлʯܿˣ
ѡò֣ʯִɽһȦĴĿιϵԭľϾͬĲιҶӶǲͬġ
Ҫ˼ħûеƷ磬׼ȥ˸ʳá
׼뿪ԶһƬϳ˺ܶ䳲ͷͬƷֿҲ̫ͬ۷Ƿȥ
Ҳʯģ
Щ۷һֺ()ĸоҪܴȥÿԲժ֮ǰЩ轺õȸտĻ
ʯε˵⻹治ģԴЩ֮ǾԷķｨˣ϶ϲߣ
żҧгݵζҪǻرģռֵĻҵĲϣͷۣ
ϴȥͷۣЩ۷صͷİȥҽԺ˲Ʒѣˡ
()

103.103 Ǵ۽簡

103 Ǵ۽簡
ʯô˵ϲԣȴЦˡ
ô鷳
װĵʣǲˣ
ʯͷ̾˿ǰˣЩСȴúܣ˺üְ취ûŪǡ
°˵ҪҩȻʯܲˣҾͰ߰ɡ
ʯ˾ѵҽɿЩСһûжٹǺײеģҪŪ߿ɲף
ЦЦûϵа취
ô˵ˣʯȻٷԣΪ᲻þͲˡ
ҽԣҪǲеĻ㣡(qng)͵ס
ڰ֣˰æǲãҪɽϵľͷ䣡
С˼ҽ㿴ǿ˵ˣʯҲҪշôʱ˵Ѳ۷䡣
ָָһðСͰæǿðɡ
ãʯԸ˽
߹ȥóʮܿ켸еʯһһ㶵ġ
˲ɵø̾ҽʲôǲģȻ䶼ֵ
ǰСҲ̫ǻǵһμģ̫ˣ
ãħó˼ǵɫٷŵ档
Ȼʶ΢΢£ܵ۷Ⱥɢ
óľޣȻôУûԹ()ܹܣԼ򵥵ĶŪ»ǿġ
ȻܵʶӰ죬Щ۷ܿͷ˷ϻһǿʲôζһ׷ķɽ˷䡣
ʯ˿ò۾һĻŷֻЩ۷ִӷ˳ȻһȺΧϣӲĽ䳲Ȼŷɽ˷䡣
ȷ䳲ȫƽȥǽ䵱µϳȥռžͲˡ
߹ȥŹϣµüȾһŨŨЦ⡣
һ˵ջ̫ˣҵ˸Ĳ֣Ū()۷䡣
ʯ͸Ѿ֪ҪʲôԼ(qng)ˣ¼ʶ֮ǰ棬ɻ̲סٸ̾һΡ
ҽ㾹ȻҰﶼѱ̫ˣʯĴָķˡ
ҲͬĵͷҽǴ۽簡
(qng)ܺãλˣһСѣ
˼ôƵֶ˼֡
()

104.104 ȫ

104 ȫ
ʱ֣ȥʱȴʮӡ
ħٺܿռ䶼ջԵŻȥ
ʯ͸ﶼֱӣһũ
صũ˼ôӣһĴ
ǴҲôȫϡ
òŷɽ䰲ֲ轵ĵط
Щ轾ħٵĴѾһƬɢǵĿ˻
кܶβЧȻŹ
Щ۷()֮ǰȻɵĶܣ۵ζզΡ
ֻҪһЩת䣬ܵԭˣǺöóȥԹӦıҪ
ԭ轻Ҳǳ۷䣬֮ǰӵĵɫپǡ
Ȼһ򿪣۷ŵζ׷׿ٵĴ˳һѷķɽ轻˴һ
ȫˣôôҰײе۷Ʒ֣
˻ôǽѱһ
Ҫﰲң
ѵЩС޺ˣǵĲҰҪܿġ
ѾЩ۷ӡʶͲǻ
ֻЦ˵һ䣬벻ԭˣȻͻȥ
ԭЩЩ۷鷳Ĳˣ⻰˲˱ɫ
һ쳣ᶨг˵ͻȥǾ͵ĹأǺúõĲ۰ɣ
Ҫз۳ԣ鷳ʲô
֪ЩԻıʣǱתƣӦһʱͲˣ
Ұ۷ɼҵģܿɽԺء
û⣬ֻҪǹԹԲۣǾǵСһź򣡡()֤
ǿǰѪŪ˷ۿ()Ĳˣζ̲סˮˡ
ϧΪԭûˣҲԵٳԵ
嶼û뵽ԼɻľСӣһȫ˳Ի
Ϻ۷䰲úãòǰæ˲ȻƷ׼֮ŵũͲȵ衣
¾վԺΧۣŴһƵƷľζԭӻãǸо棡
һľӢӳԱ°͸̾С̫ˣϵµ˳˻ˣ(qng)Ҳ֪˭ǸܽȢؼȥ
䲻ģԲ룡
һ̲ס뵽Լϴ漴ҡҡͷϴǸ()ӻǱôõˣ
ǰ֪Ժ˭ôĸ
Ҫ֪Լ²һȫȻһñЩһһ٣
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

105.105 Ȼô

105 Ȼô
зһЩ(qng)Ϸ岢ûл
ϵһרװ޵Ĺ˾ǵڶȥȲ˲ԭװ¸졣
λʦүүʼʦͷȥҵ֮ǰȫ˹ϸþ׽ҲͲٷ
м仹ε绰լһˣȴֱˣүӺֱð
Ѿ޷ӵи࿴ȨҲʱû취
ҵ֮ǰ붯ֽţôʦ淴ͱүӽȥݺݵһ٣ȲѵȥʰԼµ̯ӡ
ﲻˬˣһֱ˶
ũǱзڣʮֵĵλûд̽κϢемֲ
ǸѾͷųȥãôܽũӪ˲㲻ȥˣ̽ôأ
յ˸Ϣõȥﾯ棬˭֪
ЩԾﲻǸ߼ҵһС֧ҵϱļҪѷɫ࣬ôΪ˰ľء
˼Щ⣬칫ҵˡ

˽˵ܣСǱжˣ
еϣʲô
͸ߵеǰﻹȥһʯҵĲϳũǵ˿Ǵ˲ٷֳ䡣ص
Цһ֪ߵغѾͷ˿ȷʵǸҵûо͵̣ôóɹ
㲻ùȥڡ
ߵչȥǵҵҶҲܱڹ⡣
ҲһѾ˷С㲻ΪǣԣԼܽԼ
ڶ鵽ϢرȻװ޹˾ȥ
üͷѾͷڣʽأ
װ޸ҪǱҵģ컹˲˻ûжǱҡ
뿪ļҲŶ㻨Ǯ˾֮ǰķֺҲһֱҽţûг۲ҵʲôȥװ
صǲ鵽͸ｻ󣬸ﲹһǱҲۡ
۾Ӧǣ
ĿһݵȥҲ磬˳װҾͿʲôҺš
û뵽ԼϰȻôݣҪСȫû·
ȴҷԣǣȥţ
()

106.106 һس

106 һس
ڰũ(qng)𼱼ææܽ˰칫ҡ
̧ͷʣôˣ
ɫЩѿСС㣬װ޵Ĳ⵽˽ͷƻǽȥһͨװ޹˾˽ȥʩ
üͷȰװ޹˾뿪Ҫȫʣµ
򴽣ǣ
ССò׽ȥһ(qng)˭֪ſʼͳˣܰպܡ
״ЦŰ¿ͷѣ÷ϣܿٶġ
һůͷЦ˵ǣССģ
ССǳͿɿ
ȥɫ˳ýֺͷǸûƷĻ쵰ɵġ
ʱһ()糾͵˽
ɫżеĳɫĵʣôˣ
Ҳû𱨸(qng)˵һ顣
(qng)ˬһǺģȻڱүĵ϶ֱ
˵Ҫת()뿪
أס
ȫ()ſİȻǴȥˣѵų
ЦУȥɣ
ûҪǮȥƽܶʱ˺ݣøݡ
ЩνĺԱƱ֮󣬿Ժ˭Ĳţ½УԷүȥ׵ܰá
ϲˬ죬Ůһηηսսģ治
Ⱥ쵰Ҳڵ۶ˣ
ܿŲ˿ȥ˲ֻȺռŲҶŵĺԱȫðһ䶪ǵڵأǵܲҲ˸ɾ
º󾪶˾죬ִ֮ͷµ˾ȻǷ٣ǷǳЧʵķǸµŻ˾ӣʱڲˣñŵﷸȥ졣
ҲҪΪƽϢٵŭ𣬵۶˭Сڣ˭ù
λڱȽϷҵ֣ºܿ;ܵˡ
岢ûб¶()ݣЩҲ˵()ݣ(to)ȫˣ̲ס档
֮ǰȺҵֿǳư˺ܾõģıɲСɲһͨȫ군˵˸ǲ
Ҳ˲δҵһصɴҶϰ϶д󱳾ԭԲе뷨˷׷סͷǲҪΪ
һǲͬ죬Ϊһ˳ӣЩоĵһ
()

107.107 ϲ

107 ϲ
һʱҲյûӵϾ
ôܣʲôʱͱˣ
ɫЩأºȥ(to)ڷ磬ЩһˣǸй¶͵С㱳ˡ
˵ķ񿴣ȺӦǾеġ
뷳ߵӣѾͷ붯Ͻ˳ˣ
Ǹܵ˶ð֮ǰûٸѾͷ·
̲סʣܣǸô죿
һۣô죿ȻʱˣλϽ鵽ģԾе;ӰͲˣ
ˣȻôƿأˣ
Ѿͷ֮ǰųӶװģһֱŵȶӰҲǸѾͷס
Ҳ֮ǰǾСС㣬̽ʣܣǻ𣿡
뷳İڰ֣ӣ޵㣬ǧ𱻸Ͻץס˰ѱ
ǣͷ˳ȥ
ũѾܳȥ̽Ľһˡ
һŲ߻һ˵İЧʹȻܸߣҲſԵģϲ
̧ͷʣЩ֪Ƿ𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵֪أЩ첻й¶()ݣҶ²ǲд
ļҵҲʱǲٳֶԸˣ
һʱ䣬ҲһЩСܼҵӣܹ˼⡣
²⣬ܻΪ˸Ͻ˰æΪǸӽ;֮ǸӲĻʱӦÿͣ¡
һõᣬҲ׼ƳȥԸļҵ˻̫˷ˡ
ϲԺԳʰЩԭƣҲQſڵϹӲϢ
ڷıֲȥɽϲժ˲ʵ߲˹Ϲȥڵ׼ʵ()ʳ׼ʢʾ
Ųһ˻յũſھŵһŨŨζ
໣кóԵģһʲôֶˣһѷľͳʳọ́ͬϴҲˡ
忴һ¾ͳûӰ˲ˣЩ˵Ͳܱô
ȻɶżӣɳʳȥĽŲԼӿ˺ܶࡣ
߽ʳüϰ˲ˣʮһүƯһ۷˿Цݡ
()

108.108 Ȼϴô

108 Ȼϴô
Ⱥ˵ӱãһߵģ
ϵĲ˶»ؿϺʨͷˮ㡢ǴŹǡ罷ͷ()ӡ˺ˡ֭񹽡˿ɽҩ
һ۷ŹĶӣ޲ˡ
ϧԼϴûֻһ̡
һСԲüһֲֻ㶵Ʀ߽
ԲϣչЦҿˣһǣ
年̹ȴһүģĵţֵҲ
漴ɨɨϵĲˣô̫˷ˣԺҳԾˡ
ߺߣһȺܵıүү죬ҪմĹ⣬ܳô
˳˳ǣǷԼϴ̫Ƿˣ⸱()ôǰûأ
ô˵ǽҲһܣϴ̫ˣȻ˿ǵĻʳ͵ģ
ϴԶʳϰ߿ɲãֹһ䡣
߹ȥ£һŽ߿һȥǷϢרҵģǱ˱˻ԣռӱˣ
һͷߣϴ˵Լǵűɡ
ͬ(qng)ĶȥһСĴָ˵СȻϴôã
ˣЦǰϴƢˣҸоôãҲǰģ
һﲻֻڻԽԽʳˣ
Ϊʢһ뷹С̫ҿˣ
ԭЦŵ˲ˣ߲һţȻԼϴȥڣû𣿹֮ôʰǣ
ƾһӣôҪЩ쵰Ǽѵʮ죬ߺߣ
ϴû()
Сϴ˵˵ҪǷǣͱˣ
С
ҪǣһͳС
ЦãǺϲգаҪǷǣǾ͸ҷϢҿ˿Ļʳ
ȺһԺݼˣúɻôõͶӴ֣ɲҡ
໣СãҶˣ
ΪʲôôҪˣ
߰᲻С᲻ũ
һҪռٹˣһһξü̫̣һܴ
ûĵһۣҿ²᲻ũ᲻ڳԵİɣ
Ⱥһþȫ˳ԻΪһڳԵҪˣͻȻ뽫ȥ¯ˡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~ҪȥأɻдܻƳٵһ࣬ôô~~
()

109.109 ٷ

109 ٷ
ͣͷũʳ
üͷЩչʣھ˳(qng)ˣ
һӻʼ(qng)һֱ̫ܲõӣʲôѽķ¡
һִֻ㶵ôʣ˼ġ
е̾˿ַһδģսۣǾŲ˲ˣкܶ˲зϺˡ
ƺóԺ֮Ѿսʹۻؼңźȥһ⣡
ɫżκȼţÿζԸ⿴ȴòܵʵ
һƽſԵ()⣬ʵȴȽθС
()Ϊһŵļ̳ˣ()ϵѹ͵ӿɲᡣ
ͷʣŻƽôǵأ
صÿŵĲ޵ģǵһŻÿԼҲȥ٣ÿս˵Ľʿͳһһʹ̶ǱҲ
ѾûսĽʿ඼ؼңȥıûһ֮()ȱݣ(r)ӹĻȽʵ
ÿһΪĽʿ٣ҲΪһһȻÿ¶н㣬Ҳֻά򵥵繺۵Ӫʱ֤ûˡ
ÿŶڷչزҵǸ޵׶Զȱڡ
սº٣ſܴӸϽ֧⣡
ЩǺͳս۱ԽԽƵռĲҲԽԽŽиĽʿۺ޷ưá
ԼҲһ֧񲿶ӣÿһĿһӴ֣ÿܳһƳȥԱѾܲˡ
ЩǲԴıؼңƶʵ߻ҪΪƷȴûĺܺ͸еء
Ҳ⣬ʱͳ巢սʱڷضԷ(ɧɧ)սʿȻᡣ
˵ĸű󶼴һӴļ壬Ԫ˧ӵкܴľȨܹụƺ⡣
ŵļ̳ҲǴӼеģûһ֧ŵԪ˧ԵײݸϮģȨ̫ˣ
Ҳ̫ܳľΪ
ᵽ㣬ȴͻȻһЩ뷨۾
11~~~
()

110.110 ܰ

110 ܰ
˺ܿҪع鲿ӣũҪͶز⡣
ҲˣЩͷũţȫϾһı֤
Ҫ̽ʲô겻˿ӣ˵ˡ
ĿǰĲҵһ˵״̬֮ҪؾУϿΣͶľķڹϡ
ҪԱҪ˳ֻҪܹ¾ͳɣڷŵǰľһᡣ
ֹ˷һ£ҿ԰һ˱⣡
һ㶣漴ͷĿ˵ʲô
̧Ц׼ƬũȫԭʼʳĵֲҪ˹ټһ齫ʿ
ԱߵܿҲᲽ죬ͬҪ˹ܽһ
вʳƷӹǱҲȱ֣ƸһЩ֪׵ȫǵʿҾøȫɿ
¶һǳɫ㲻޷սۣص㻹()⣬˶Ҫװ֫߿ȥʹ˲У
ӸⲻˣڷЩ˶Ӣۣɻкܶҵ͸˻
Ҳ۱ǾҵȽѵһ㡣
ʧЦΪ˱۵ģΪʲôҪ
ҵҪܼ򵥣ֻҪ͵()ˣúøɻУԹסÿ»йʣɵú׽Ҳ⣡
ͷüֻ㰲ˣ
ȻţֻҪ㲻ͳɰһųһĹʣǿһ
֮ǰôû뵽ũأ
Ц˵ߵͽˣ
ԺũҪǷչĺãһ׼Ǯȥ򼸸ǣרֲֳʱҪͶÿṩң
ħҪָ׳󣬹⿿ԴʯУľϵҪչֲҵǱġ
ԭʼʳĺҩ̫ϡȱˣҪǽ䷢չΪһȽϴӲҵʽҲܵõĽԴʯȡ
ϴźЦݼ˵ɱǸʲôġ
Щ˱ҵĵط£һΪṩѿҩĸֻҪȱ첲ȵģʮ֮**ĲˣҶκã
()

111.111 ׵һ

111 ׵һ
ڿƼȱ첲ȷ׽ģװ**֫С
Ҫоģʹø߼޸Һ˵ĸ첲ܹ֮³
ԭҩĵϡȱҽʵڵĵʱڵġ
ֻڲٴ󲡿ø߿ƼֶųΪһƣȱͱ׶ҲȽԣ
ʲôʱڣҩģر磬ԭҩõҩҩƷǾһݳޣҲǴ޷еġ
Щ۱ֻһֱţûоЧȽϺõԭҩģҲγɶ()ѭ()(qng)ԽԽ
ֻ׼ֲʳģ׼ɽϸԭҩģ֮ĸҽڱ˵Ͳܸĸ˵
չҲһ緢ܺã뷨ͼƻǳλ֧֣
Щ˱֮ʱҪܲʹĥҪΪǸ缲Ǳʲôã̲סһֲ
Ůܸϵ޾ϲ
ͣסŲרעĿȻе(qng)һл
ڹµļҵܰһ˱⣬˵ƻ
Ů˵뷨ĺܺϣһθоŮദɶԵȵġ
(qng)㱾͸ö˵лл(qng)ҲãΪͶ(qng)أͰˣ
Щ˲вǽ˹⣬õĸ˩סǣйУֻܹΪũȲҵṩͶҲһ׵һã
ЩţͲŸǰ£ȥУҲܰϿΣ󷽵ȶٷˣ
췳ŵڱ˴˵İӭж⣬˿Է˳˼֡
ڶ죬ȥ˾Ҵ۵ʿѡˣר˶ǽһЩũʳƷȹѵ
ֻͨѵϸˣŻ½ȥĵ̹Ƕεء
Ϊһֱŵ⣬ȻҲҪ
˵ȻԸЩ˲ʿҪΪṩ޳Ŀҩһסˣ
û뵽ôа֮ģҲЩ֮⣬սǰߵĪһ˿ů⡣
()

112.112 ǵСŮ

112 ǵСŮ
Ҫıϣս֮ŴҵĵҲ׿
뿪ЦСҪ֮սҲۣҪ߸ţũϰҰɡ
һʮַĵЦݣû⣬
󷽵ЦǾڻع鲿ˣɲԺûˣûۣǶԽﵱǼңʱӭ
ȺһðôҲҪȽ£ˣ
Ȼ˲Ψͼ()ӣʱദԲҲһĿȽϲദķΧ
ҲҪԵ֮ĵģȻʲô߸(qng)άֳá
໣С̫ˣ
СǵСŮ
һȺ̲ס潫СŮ
ɫ˲ˣ
ʲôʱǵСŮˣ
Ⱥ̫ȱ((co)co)ˣȥ֮͵Ͷħѵȥͷ¾ʡôغͶˣ
֮ǰµĻƶħټٴѾһĶ
һȺΪ˲(qng)׼Ƚǳһٶ֮ٹӡ
һʾǵĸлҲԼǵθڣ
뿪ǰһ죬ǽƶȫĥ˳ĹҲ׼ˡ
ûʼ˾ѾȲʳóţһĺĵŹŵʱĳʳٴε
ҲܿӾ˻˸λÿڳű߿š
ɫͳ磬ʦھΪ³еһ֦⣬ʱж150˿ɹѡ
ȥԹһζ磬Ȼ˼Ȥ˲ʱ佫ɫһһѧᡣ
׼¶һ֣ȺһǺúÿ۽磡
ǵĻȫ()ĵĴ֮ǰӶ˿ʼ
ڶ۵ʱ˲˶ԡ
̵֭һЩôԼѡҲ˵һθˡ
۵ĶŸԼϲÿζ֭ŵڼˬһȺѾ͵ˡ
һԽĶڴԭŵʱڵĶζ
ҲһԶˣζϵ⣬ҲһŨŨĽС
˾λȥ˵ʳܾãȺûļһĽʺˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

113.113 ˼

113 ˼
öΪʮˣش䡢ɫζΣһȺǳԵֱС
ܵļһ䶹ŵС̫ţˣһʳľȻʮζһǵһγԵôĲȣ
һʳһ߷׷׵ͷСȫǵ˫ܰ
СһҪóȥԱŰһĴָޡ
һۣ᲻˵أҵרҪŰ
˭Һˣ˭ȣ
⻰һ̲ס˳ǣϴ˵
ǿɲҷȥҪһƤӭϡ
СϴרôᲢأ
ǣϴڣСҪ˰
һ죬ܱ֤ĺģ崽𻡶ȣһʶȤ
˶²Լϴˣ˼ĺĲŶ԰ɡ
Сռ()ôǿȻĿԺеܵġ
ֻǴҿɲұֳһֻģļԼϴ
Сϴϴ()ԣ
С
ЦõЦҰ𣿡
Ȼüŷϸҵġסҵġҵģ˻ˣ˼𣿡
ЩڵƮ£òƻǣ
ȴ䣬(ͦͦ)(ͦͦ)()ϴһµһĿק
ҵȻ˼ˣǿǷҵϢʲôʱ˵
ֶ̧̧µ°ͣһ˵ģʵҪңʵҲûǺܶ˶ģ
ûİһۣ
ڶ죬뿪ũÿ˻֮ǰסĵط׼ȷݼٵʱͻ
ѵ۱ҪܹҲæŲװ޵(qng)
ڼʯũģһθպڷϣһòˡ
ʯͱũʳڶʱȫǲŷġ
ϤһЩ֮ÿ춼ũţԺȵͬʱҲæ(qng)
æϵԭľذĹҵȻʯƷʵңߺٶȶľʼҾߡ
ʯļ岻ôȴǿڲװϰ١
ȻΪһũʳĳԻЩԲȵĸ
()

114.114 ̫ѵ

114 ̫ѵ
ʮƺָ£װȫɡ
ھæ£ճջصũӵصĵ绰
ظ£
ضſȳȫϢĺ׺ܺãҼ̫̫Ӧûϲл
ǰյ˷崫ף˼λִʦһ࣬Чܺã̫̫ϲֹŵʱڵĵϲ£
Ŀɳαϣظˣһתģ
(qng)ɺ޹أԼ˼ңǿ
Դȣɲ·񰡣
ƽ۾ͷϵСӣȻ˺Ҫ(qng)̫ѵˣ
Ȼ˵ǷծǮǷ(qng)Ҳһһ
ؼԼţεʧЦģ(qng)ܲ˵ģ
漴һתҼ̫̫ٹҪˣ֮ǰ˵ҪҵĶأ
ڼȷĲ˵ź(qng)Щꡣ
ͻȻϷ˵ҪѪ˸绰׷ʡ
ÿһɫȥûʲô⣬ҪܼŵʱѾϾĶƱػýڴУ̫̫ܹ㾪ϲ
һֱûͶȥأΪľǶԷ
ѾˣƷ˼ζ
ĵĵ͸Ҳ״ظҵĳʦֶζ
ؼģٴοЦã˼ֻʶǸѣʵ⿳ζ
嵯˸ָظص㻹Ҫζڣû˼
Ϊ˰ǸŮ˵Ĳ֪ȣǵһôͻȻеС߳ܣǸŮǷĻˣߺߣ
ҲǵһμƳһֶʱȤŨ
˵ô죿Ҫѵʱؼңæˣ
ȻҪڵζôƱؾҪԭ֭ԭζУҲԼҵĳʦʤΡ
岻̫ȥؼҰæֲܲƷ
룬ͷģظҪƷũȥԳԣ
˵أһռؼҵı
ҪԽԽãƱصöӴЩľӢ̳ǡ
ų⣬(ͦͦ)лġ
̫ˣ1130~~~
()

115.115 ÿԽ

115 ÿԽ
ӳԴ
Ҫȥɣպװ깤ʹˣ
ũϾ̫ªд̫ϵˣ
ʵҲ̫شũѾȫԼĵ̣Щִ̤㣡
̧һokƣãҺظ˵˵
ͷȻصĳλүƷ
شȫϢͶӰͷֻһٻӰûпò˶ԻҲܲ³ŮǷеѡ
ֻЩ𾪣ôô᣿
ͻȻһֻ²⣬ҪΪ׷Ůưɣ
֮ǰϸڹŵʱںܳҲһɫĲȣ֮ԶʧУȫΪĹ̼ʧص㻹Ϊֽлƶԭʳľˡ
ڶͻȻСζǹŵʱеô
忴벻ڵظ磬ôˣ
غܿ콫Щɺ߰뷨׿ô˵Ҳûʧ
ȻҰοܹôӵСӦûǻ῿׵İɣ
û£
ɫЦʣʲô
彫λͨն˷˹ȥ㣬ظֱ
ؿ˿У
漴뵽ʲôЦЦʣҴһƷûɣ
û⣬ˣĳպš
绰ԼҺȥһ绰
ڿļ̧ͷʣ£
عУ㱦ܵܵģ֪ûȤ
üҵôˣ
Ҳӣ(qng)˵һ飬׼ȥǸСգȤһȥ𣿡
һ֪ؿеСӦԼҵܵܿǸҽͺܺˣֻǲȥ߹ȹעԼҵܵᷢ쭡
ðһȥ
ұܵܿɻǵһζ˭ôģһСÿԽ
ؾ֪ԷܶԷı̶ȣ϶ȥţſڼɣ
ã
ܸչ绰ŵķζĿڣ磬䷹һ
Ͷһֱ߶Ĺҽˣһֱòֲȥ͵οǹļᣬɲˣ
֪ԼҶܵ()ӣøҲԻҽȥ׵УǾһȥɣ
()

116.116 ܳ

116 ܳ
ڶ죬ũĹȽ˳Ȼȥ
ȡĺܼ򵥣˽˹ݡ
һԼ̵ľҹҵͷɷ裬ȥְ֮С
֮ȳֵһŵСɺ⾳ʯͷɣڷһЩļӣڷԼľ
Сһľʵ磬ÿ۵ĵطһ⾳ˮī·ʱ⣬˽ŵʱڵĻ
һ¥ûйòװ޳˴ʽչ
һɢ̴ζĴʵľ̨ڷžµ໨ɲߡ
һЩƵװƷľƷйζ
Ҳһ̨ӣڷһܹ١
ǽϻ˼ŷˮīˬŹζʮ㡣
¥Ϻ¥¶ȫĳ˰䣬һ˸ֱǡ÷񡢾աɫ졢㡱ÿһ䶼жӦװ޺͹ζ˶ĿһڴС
ÿ˲ԭϡȱֲܺڷŵ׺һƢ֮С
ħٴԭʳľϲѡ۸ȻҲ͡
Ҳֻ׼ߵ·ߣÿӪҵʮ죬⿪ţҪòֻǰԤʱͰ䡣
ϲˣҲҪлʳԼ֣ŵƷ;ޡ
Ҫ;ãŵʱڵʳһ뵽ľֻ˽˹ݡ
ʵʳ׼ãǰ˲׼Ҳһš
㣬ߵſڣص˴
ЩǣغһҶ⣬綼ˡ
ֵȻҲԼҵܵܣеȻԳˡ
̾˿һ￴(ͦͦ)صģôҲô£쿴ýܸʶˡ
֪ΪʲôһӦ㽫ܸ˺ʶһٲһʱ䡣
Ҳìˣذѡˣ
ظ硢Ҷ硢硢磡Լ֡
ȻĿڽꪺͻ()ϣ硢磡
һؿɲһȦӣ϶ǸǿģҪ
ý׼ʳıȽϷḻ˳Ԥơ
ִϷļ򣬡˭ģȻôġ
ǰǿû÷ſڽӵĴܳ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

117.117 Ǻ

117 Ǻ
˽ꪵ٩񣬺ȻĻصѿģ
꪿Ӳǻ()ģ»ѵԼˣ
㲻ΪҪ椣Զ𣿡
ŵʱѾֵʳֱ˳ָͷĸо
˺ڣڼϵƿ˵˵ʲôأ
ȻŽꪣ벻Զˣ㣡
һƽ(())ϰˣȻ˵ҪǸŮˣñ˿
Ŵס⣬ζ˵ǽҪԷģ˰ɣ
ͻ֮ǰҲܵദС˳νĶʲôζƤġ
뿴÷һֱæСʲôģʲôǹؼص㡣
ԼҵܵҪˣǰЦ˵ȽȥɣҪ˼ҵȾˣ
Ȼ󻹲ͷ޵ľ˽һۣһҪǸһĺ£ôʰ
һͷߣ˵õֵ(qng)أ
ڷĴ£һ˽˱ж쾫ĲõĲ
ԭǺؼˣ۵׶¶еľ֮ɫųζĲװޣǺ⡣
Ϸŵļǹŵʱڵ໨ɣҼүղصƯˣ
ҲϸĴս˿ڵļ壬ÿҶղһЩŵʱڵĴȫͷ̫̫ǵɱ
ͬһҶĦһȷʵȼƯҿȴûõӡ
年żֽЦҶܺãǰԼĴ
־£ȷʣǸԼģ
԰彫ֲڿ㶵еĴ·ҪǹŵʱڵĴҲܷﵱˣ
ʵǸŮҪЩɣðɹŵʱڵҲȫԣֻٸ(qng)ˡ
ҶһԻƿĦ£պ
ֹڲѾʧˣƷʵĴҲǹŵʱģû뵽Ѿ
ǣȻĽ佱
С۵ıȷ·ʱ֮磬ˮīζʮ㡣
߽˿ôԭľ̵ģɢһľʵζͼǹŵʱڴ󻭼һİɣҼүղصĹŻŸζ
()

118.118 

118 
үүҲǸŻղ(i)ߣүӵѬ£Ҳܼһ
ĹҼүϲ
ҶϸĿ˿ϵĻ̧ͷ˿ǽϹŵļһֱƽ޲з𼸷ֲ
ӦҲǹŵʱĹ͹Ż
𩲻Ŀô᣿Щôйζرǻϵ֣ȫдҷ緶Ҽүô궼дǹŻѵ˭»ģ
ҶصζȻǹŵʱڵĴ֮ﻹżһͬһֵ֮Ļҿ˿īɫҲǸ˺ܶģԲΪԼġ
Ҷļ̺Ҳڹϼķܣ˲ٹŵʱڵֻ()ҲȽϲⷽ棬黭ŶһЩо
žž̧ģҶȻǰԼģû뵽һ۾Ϳˣ
Ȼ˵ĻĽɫȴ޷ڡ
ʲôǸѻģꪾ
Ĺ˹°ͣǵȻˣڹŵʱڵĻͺܶʧգǺóеġ
϶ĻڳЩѾΪʲô(qng)(qng)Ĵǣٴξ˾
ȻͬʱһֲĲ²⣬ǷΪҪСӣŪôЩİɣ
Ĵ˵ùȥ
⻭鷨ûе̹ʱǾǲܻģǸⷽĹš
˵ѣֻǸʮСأ
°ŰɣȴûбֳֻǶǸѸӵĺˡ
ʱ˹ǹĶؼкȻ塣
٣ССʳѾ׼ˣʿԿʼϲ𣿡
ͷϲˣ
ѡһ䣬ȥ֪ͨСС㣡ͷǱĬѵ£ЩȨȻţȴû˿ӳ
Լʣа˸䣬÷񡢾գɫ졢㣬һ
ꪶʱȤ⣬ʲô𣿡
ЦŽܣȻˣÿĵװΰɶǶӦֵģȥ֮Ҳвͬ顣˹ŵʱڵζɲЩ¹Ųܱȵġ
ߣһѡ
ȤŨҲЩ棬׷׵ͷ
11~~
()

119.119 Ǳ

119 Ǳ
żȥ˸䶼ֱιһ飬˵ÿɫŹŵʱڵĲͬζ
óװҲ˺ģҶԹŵʱڵĻ͵˽ֱǴоϲ
ǶԵ۶һĴ壬۶¹ŵʱڵиߵԭȥ
֮ǰûʲôоɿİ֮˲֮ǰȥĵط̫lowˣȫǲײ໭ɷȮʧģ¡
ûжԱȾû˺
ιһ䣬ۼķһľš
ʲôҲǰ䣿
һŴǵĻȷҵר䣡
װȻŪȴҪǿһ⿪ֻר
ЦϷʣԭ
ǣƳһۣɪĵ磬Ľģ
ꪳ˳ǣ뽫ȥһ٣СβͶҪˣ
ɫЦŵ͵ģҪרҲ£
Щԥר䵱Ȼֻˣ˷Щһ㡣
ܶԼҵܵܲһ˽⣬רòͰɣдλģԺҪԼòͣȥ˴ѡһ
ףаɣ
ֹһ䣬Ǳˣ
ꪼ˳˳ǣһռ˴˵ģʲô
Ǹ䣬
ȥ֮ǲͻȻ֮ǰ̫ˣȷʵǸʱ
ܴʵľ̵ĵذ壬Ϊ
һʵľԲβÿӶвͬͼĵ̣α˿һͺеΡ
һ(to)ŵµĺ̴ľɳż˿µŹʮ㡣
һ̵Ȼ̨һ(to)µĴߣԼӱƳɵĲޡ
ͬżˮīԲɫΪһܰУһ()()εĺɻΪڡ
Ĳ輸ϻһ¯һɵƣž͸һƢ֮С
ɴ۾ҿ㣿
үҵһ㣬ȫ䵱ĸαһղ
һκͼֵ͵յϾͱˣûбүӴȡ
()

120.120 Ĵ̼е

120 Ĵ̼е
Ǵαˣµʱֻ˶ݵļʮ룬ɶζȴ¡
˽һʱ˳
Ҳ¶֮ɫȼŵþȻ㣿
㡱ڹŵʱڷǳ־õϣκһ϶֮
ϡ٣ֱΪɫĽӡŵʱھͺټ˵ˡ
ǷзģȻϲζҪ˺ü顣
ղڰϢһʱѪһ¯ϡ
ϣû˽ģǿŻǿҪı(qng)Ҳ֪ԺͲ
߹ȥɳϣһûʲô˵ı(qng)Ҷζмϲľ͵ˣ
Ȼ˵Լġ
һ()ۣҿôҲ̫ݳˣ
㰡Ҽͷӵĸαһţżó᲻õʹսţ㾹Ȼû˵İ
̲ס̾ҪǼү֪ˣҲˣܼ⣡
ص˾ýĴ̼еǵȻ֪Ĵүõһҫ˺þãүӻһʹļ׵Ľʺ
˭֪˼ҷľ㣬Ƕһ̫ܼݳ޹ˣ
ꪶԷȸ̾ͻȻҵļҵԺ𣿡
ûĵҼôܼˣж𣿡
˵ҲǸܵģԼܵģ
֮ǰСǸСѣܹóĲó㣬̿ɲ򵥰
Ⱥһ()ĽܼҵģڰֵˣǵǴСֵģ
ꪵһ뽫ϳȥһٵĳ嶯СӵβѾˡ
Աߣ̫˹
岻Ϊ⣬̫һһէˣﲻģ
⻰һޣغҶˣ
ܺͷֵһεĳ磬ȴܸˣԴԼսһ̳˵صѾܾûлˡ
رж֮жʱ˶Ӱñ()۵û취ſǷģá
һ࣬ȻôνǽһΣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

121.121 붼룡

121 붼룡
⻰ýꪼ˵˼Ҳתת
ĿϾܾ붼룡
ò״ģԼöҪʡأôóȥ
ʧЦ㲻ǲܼңȥТүӣҿɲ˳ˣ
ȻҲģҪʲôܿڣ
زڵҪ뻻Ҳһݣ
ң
ҲҪ
ꪺҶȻҪϣ󣬿ɻǱ˵ϣ
õûؼȥүӺ̫̫ܸ
˺ڣЩһﵹǴĺ⣬ʲôܼң
ҾԼãͰܼôˣǾĽʺޣ
һת˵Ҽү֪ⲻТȥҲǵôҵȲɣ
Ҫͷóȥҫү֪Լ׳ȥģԲŹġ
ûĶԻ𩼸˵һȥǱҼĶҼͷûأ
ֺöҪղأôƣ
ҲЦŵҼĶɲôÿٳģǻİɡ
жǸĵŮ;жӶԷĶ
˵ǻˣүˣһܴԼҵܵٳȥ㡣
ǻûôֵܾȻˣ𩼸˺͵ܿؼֱ浽һ
УǲҪ˰ɣ
§§壬ҲˣԺʲôöɱ˸簡
ͻ˹ϵǵȻкöȻ뵽ǡ
βͽƷ
⻰˼ˣǽƷġ
ꪺʣǶôãôûѳ
صڳأʱ䣬ûǸգ
ȵȰɣģֿ̧˿ʱ䡣
˻ᣬűƿ
żũæˣԶһиӵĲ˽
ֻ˲䣬Ũζ䡣
վ()ǹȥòͰɣ
ãؼһ򶼲ڸ֮()ɱǼŵζȴĪĸоˣҪƷһƷĳ嶯
º󣬷ȽжŵĲ̸Ӵ򿪣һ롣
žӨ͸()׶ȥܾ
Ϊÿһ룬̵֭ĽȥĶԷ£ɫζţһͳ̽ʳ()
()

122.122 

122 
ǵһθԣλƷ
֮һơ
Ҩһףԣֵ˼
ϰ˵˱ȺԻҪۣɴ˵Ҳǹŵʱڵһˣ
ȽϽţɫȴܵȻ
ؽӷŵĶڼŨ֭ζٳ׵Ĵ򿪣۵ȷʵԡ
ζܺãǵһƷζԾǶ𣿡
ͷţԵʳľǶ
ԭԶʵûбϣģȴƷ֮ǰ뷨
˵һζһ㶼ţԭζ
һ˵ŻҨĶȴûͣ¡
˼״Ҳ׷׶ףȻζһµıˡ
ꪼ¾ͽĶҨųԸɾδ˵ŵʱڵĶȻôóԣ
ʵҲǵһγԣЦ˵ǹŵʱڵĶ̫ζ̫ζˣǾԲԵڶεģ
ʵũʱæͬʳĺȴζ
ԼһĽ԰ڣڳļ˶̲סʧЦһ̫Ĺˡ
ĻҲͬģܶʱͬʳͬ˵֣Ŀڸлܴ츳ĪĹϵ
ٵĳĶ̧ͷԷ˵ٸһ룡
ǸЦЦ˼ÿһֻ׼һݣ
(())(())ͣȲĵǿϵڶ˰ɣ
ЦŽӹһ̴򿪣໨̷ŵ롣
ǽã
һϲһ߱
Ƿֶ
ܽض
Ŷ

ؾۻᣡ

ܿ죬ԶΪ⿶ɵĲƷʮ˵
ÿһۿȥʮ־£ͬζƱǼ⣬̲סҺڼ١
صҲ˵ͷӾͿʼƷһſٶȴܿ졣
ÿһ˷࣬˭ֿܶڣʱϢпʼֽ
ʮ˵ԶΪϵĲƷ꣬öߵʳ
öʳûмӹκε()ģζȴ()ƣλͿƷƷܡ
ȼһŵУоǾ֮ɫǶģҳź()డ
Ҳ׷׼һƷͬʣ()ζ
()

123.123 Ҳȥ

123 Ҳȥ
˾òţٴÿӼһŵ
Ŀڸȷʵ()ɣϸƷܷһЩϸ΢Ĳ𣬴ӶȷǶġ
Ҷ̲סһżϿмأϹŵʱڿʳ()˵ζʱÿܿˣ޷
Ʒ֮ҲŷԼ۽绹С˵㣡
ͬ˵ҪƷǾԲŵġ
ļδżδҽǼʶˣ
̧ͷЦ˵ҵûôĸ̾Ҵͷβֻһ뷨ЩôΪʲôôóԣ
ֱ׵ЦҲܼ򵥣ҾԼǰԵĹŵԭ˶
ܶʳûийʲôȤɽȴıһĲ˷²ζ٣һ鵽˵ģƷʳһܵĸо
ԭ֭ԭζĹŵȣ
ƽϲʳĴƷɫʳ˴ǼʣƷЩ˺ͻȻԼǰʧȥ塣
Թôνʳҿ϶ûнһζ
Լ綼¶˸ָ̾ɫıԼĻгɾ͸С
㲻ʲôһٶأﲻС׼ס
˶Ϊʳ⣬ĻŵʱڵĸˣǶ()ʨͷˮӵȣɵþͿڡ
ŷԭѾԵмֱļˣ˲־ûǷŲ١
ꪻζĽҿѹԸؼң(qng)ÿ춼ܳԵζĲȰҲȥ
ֵıԹƷôζĲȣȻڲƷ
ز嵶ӣɲģǲմҵĹѣ
Ҫ֪Ķȣôζ;ޣֻҶͷˣһû
˲䲻ƽˣ§ŷίĵ绹Ϊ˰أôԴҵģˣ
˵˰ɣƽ(i)ÿûʳҪΪ˴(r)֣
ҲǣǰʳȤûԵõİ
ҽ̽ѰʳΪҵ(i)ã
()˵Ժһչѵ⣬İɣ
ǺǣҾ㻹ǼԿ˾ƱΪɡƲƲ졣
ôй˸ЩһԣûԹأǾͱˣ
()

124.124 

124 
һӲȫɾǰ˾۲ͳԷδֹ(qng)
ļ䣬Ϊÿһʹ¶ΪƷ
гӡâݮϣȫħٿռӺġ
ÿһˮԭ̬ĹζУŴŴˬ׶ڸ׵ļѣ˺ԥԼһȫ꣡
̲סʣԭˮǳģôоͼĿڸвô󣿡
𩸽ͣǰ֮ôǰԵĲˮ
̧̧°ͣɫ˵ũרֳԭˮԭ˹ŵʱڵζƷʣôǳЩᲢۣ
ץס˹ؼũ㿪˸ũ
صĿũеɷݣ
۾һ̫ˣԺˮͰ()˰
ƽǶϲˮҪǿڸ̫һˣɻˮĻԣ
廹δ˵ȾûһѣҼûǸй㣡
ûԵԼҵܵ͵ˮ˼ֱǵôߵΣ
һֵۣ(qng)ҿ͸ˣ
ŵɣЩԭˮֵĿɲ࣬ӦʲôľͱˡĽ׼ˣԼ취ȥɣ
⻰ü˶ЩʧȻھ붩ͷ̫̫ǿ϶ϲ
˵ţ
ȥš
⸱ģļ˶³˭ˣһζĽĿŵſڡ
żվſڣһȾһЦ⣬ˣ
ϴǳǳЦæأ
ĸ첲߽ȥҺ£
ֶ̧ԼҴ˱ȣҴܣ
Ҷȣ
ظ硢Ҷ硢硢磡ν⼸ˡ
ݵ΢Цк١١١Ҷ١١٣Ҳϰμգ
ڳļ֮ǰϵĲ룬һǺҰζʮ㣬ܻ÷УһǾӼ͵Сұˡ
ĳȴֲ롣
òƯü续ɢһĹʣ㣬·ܾܶ
ҪǴ()Ϸһ()ȴֲʧ鶯֮С
Ǹһ޶ǳرСѹ۸ڶķôģڳλһµĶۡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

125.125 ׵

125 ׵
¡
ܼ˶ЦкСãлд
ˣ
΢΢һЦʣǶԲɫʲôĵط𣿡
ȿŵЦûвĵط⣬ĲôԹóԵġ
ҲԱߵͷǰ˵վˣǵζȫĲ
ؼҲޣĺζǣ
Ҳ(qng)ǫ飬üۼȾЦ⣬л佱ϲͺã
˵ĺǶ֮õĿ϶
ؽ⣬С㣬()()Ҫ磬֪ܲȥæһϯأǽֶɵȫʳͺɫ
ԭ׼֮ҪǲʹһЩȥüĳʦ
ƷĲ˺ֻнȥУûζ
δڣȴĵĿ϶ܶ࣬ȥæж۰
һڣѣ˼Сﻹû˵أˡ
˭˵СǸӵģⲻǺ
εĿ˵ҲҪÿһֻص()()дһһ˼¾У
̫̫йŵʱھֵĶ(qng)ӣ̫̫϶ˡ
ϵĿС㣬()()٣Ƚ壬æ
ûᱨ(qng)̫͵ˡ
ض㿪ˣҲþܾ
ʵҲؼҵ磬Լ˽˹ȥֻʡһʹѣЧӦûܺá
ôг⣬ҾܾĻԵòʶ̧ˣ
Цż˵һĲ˵㣬Դѡȡȷ֮ҵȥؼУ
¶ºЦݣն˺Ž£˾鷳Сˣ
(qng)׼֮󵥶ͷʣ(qng)Ҳˡ
Ӧأ𩼸Ҳ()ҪܽȥΪԼͷ̫̫һֶ磬ǵ
״ڵһ²ΪҪ̫̫Ĵ٣ĲŲȥæأ
̫̫ͷȥؼҳ˰һæ⣬ص㻹ȥ
ûЦ̫˰ȫǶû˵ʲô㿴ͻʲôˣ
һԲ䣬ǣ˼С㻹û˵ʲôأ㿴͵ģ
һƽκʱǷᣬ׵ѣ
ǸϷɻ㣬صҶ賿ˣˣ״̬ôãʣµҪ¾(qng)дԤ18Ҽôô~~
()

126.126 ֻһھϲ

126 ֻһھϲ
彫ǵĻȫһĽʺޣ
ĵǾɣ
ֱӿЦʣС˼أ
ҪԸȥæҲûֹɡ
վڷߵģŲǰصæ˳˽˹ݵ֮ȴŵ(qng)
źԼſ£Ҫڵ۶ĵλܸߣ⡣
ҿ˽˹ȫǳڶʳ˵ϲã׼չö󣬼֮ܿҪѧҲûʱܣҲȥΪ˭ˡ
ЦżȻǼλļҪ˽˹òͣһ³ǳԵÿ
׼ȥھ츳˽˹ݹԴ⿼ɣƽڵʱǶϡ
УԺҪͷ̫̫ԣǾʹǹ
ô˵ꪼҲֻźķ
¶ӡȴˣҪΪӭǣϵĲ̨ǾԲõǵϿɡ
ܺͷȶ޵Ľһ˶ĵһӡ󲻴
ЦŶԼ룬λҪȤȱΣ
ϲĲ裬ò˿ٳһɽһƬղժޡ
뽫ʱڵʳĻ󣬲Ļⲻˣ
аҵǺܺ棬ĲζΣ(qng)ܺõվ()
Ҳ׷վ()ȥ˲ľ׮̶ɵϡ
λ޽ҶҨһ׳Ȼʼˮŵ
ҶĿĿݲ裬ǹŵʱڵĹɣ
ȽϲоŵʱڵĶԲҲһЩ˽⣬ֻǰδȹֲ衣
΢Цǰǹ裬ζȽ嵭㣬֮ǰȵкܴ𣡡
ݺˣ̧Ϊÿ˵һ
үӵӰ죬ƽȽϺȲ裬ȶţһĵĲƱǼ⣬һ¶֮ɫ
ҲǹŵʱڵĲ輼ǺȵȷʵܴζҪ嵭ܶ࣬һִ㣬ܺúȣһȽʵڵۡ
()ӱȽ䣬ֿζ嵭Ĳֻһھϲˡ
ЦŻصĲȷҪԴڹŵʱԽһֱľݷ
˹⣬ֲʵֱ(r)ˮݾܺˣ
ò裡
Ҷ豭һڣһҲϲִŵζƽͲ̫ϲּ˺ܶϵؿζ衣
ǰ춼æؼһд״̬ܲأ֢Ҳǹ~~1930ôô~~
()

127.127 Ӣͬ

127 Ӣͬ
Ҳ׷׶ӺһڣȫŵĴ
һڽĲȹ⣬֮ǰͻϹʱôеĲ裬ΪʲôôѺȣԭǲѺȣ֮ǰȵĶƷ
㽭Ҳидǰ֮ǰȵĲǽһؿζүӻ((Ʊ))ǺȣҲǹˣ
ͷ̫̫ϲʱˣһϲŵʱڵĶҲ͸ϲȻһϴԵ(i)ϡ
ĻڸͷﶼȽУڼصÿ춼Ҫ((Ʊ))ֲ衣
۾ܵţҪÿֲ裬Ҿûһܣ
²ۣҪǰֲ裬ֻǺǡ
ǺǸܵģҲܲϲ˸ϵĲ裬ȫƻ˲豾()ĴſڸС
Ĳ豾()ͺ⣬֪Ǿ죬Ʋʱ̹⣬ԭҶɬкǿ
ֿඡĿֻ࣬ǵĿ࣬Ծѧκʱּܶһ󣬿ζҲͺء
ꪶ豭˾٣Ӣͬ
ҶűĲγʣֲ֮ǰȵģҲһƷְɣ
Ǻ裬ůθ˼ƣ͡ˮסֹкǿȹЧ
ûθٽʳ()Чķļǿ׳ļĹܡѪֵѪѹȣʺϷ֮ȡ
̸˺⣬̲裬֮ǰ־̲裬Ʒʺ͹ŵʱڵ̲ȴҪѷɫܶࡣ
̲ʵΪ֣ܶƷҲвͬ²ϲ֣֮ݳĿڸҲͬ
ô˵û뵽軹ôĹЧѹֺȽȥһֺůĸо
е̲裬Ҳ˼Ȥ
ץסһؼ˼ǣ㲻ֺֻ裬̲裿
ЦŻصҵĸǹҽ壬һֱȽϲѼŵʱڵԭʳġҩĺֲҲһЩӡ
ľϵߣ()ЩԭֲмȤһЩȽҵǳɹˣ
̲˼֣ڻûժʱ䣬ҪԼһԺгƷ
Щ׳⣬һصĸԱ¹
ڳ˲ûлĽͣڻżǳϵĴ壬ŵĹŵĻͶҲϡѼֻЩ
()

128.128 Ǳ˼ҵĵܵܰ

128 Ǳ˼ҵĵܵܰ
ĸ֪ҩʦһûж⿪ŹĹҽ壬Ҳһصɴóŵʱصֲﲻûܡ
ȵͷԭˣ
Ҽĵ̲Բȣ鷳ˣЦŸл
үƢҪ˼СӦûܡ
ЦЦãҲҲ١
ĸ绹Ǻ˽˵ġ
ԼҶһۣǷҺܶϢû鷳ˣ᲻˵أ
һҭҪԼҵܵ(qng)̫żˣ
ô˵ҲҪΪºľУԼҵ֪ܵܲͶ˵Ļ˼СȻô˵˼ǷϢСѹֻǵ()
Ц()ӻֱӣԺֵϱ𣿡
û˵Ͳû((co)co)ˣܱ㼸컻һŮǿ
ȻȻһۡ
ܺͷ˲׽ԼҵܵʶĶж׷ȾһЦ⡣
ȾԼҵܵⲻϵ(qng)̣׷˼Сǻ·Զ⡣
(qng)(qng)˭岻֣ǲԼҵܵܵĸ(qng)䷢չȥͺˡ
ǵĵһӡ󶼻
ŮʲôģǷ˵̫⣬ǲҪǸԼ
رǶԴСͳ赽ĵܵܣⷽûҪֻҪϲҸͺã
˼̲סʧЦС츳һҲвϵȱ㣬ԺеÿϷġ
ҶֺһЦʣСҼ̫̫θǺܺãȥƽȺȣ
׼Ҫһֵģޣ֮ܰŻдóǺȣǴҪƹ˼
ֻЩкȲϰߣƶѲҪƹǿʼͶˣ
()ΪһΪڵĸֵĻϲʧһ뽫ȥ׳־Ϊ棬ֻôȥ
ҶЦԤԼ˴֮СԵһʱϵң
նϵ
Ҷٶô죬˰һƻҲ׷׺ԤԼ˶
ܺϲֲ裬׼ͬԤԼȴڰ֡
磬һҾ͸޲ȥȡ
ԭ׼ͷȥأ˾Լðɡ
һݳ֪Լͷϰֺ͸϶ϲʹ˺ü޳ء
⻰˻˵ԹĿ⣬ȻԷֵܸĽʺޡ
Ǳ˼ҵĵܵܰ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

129.129 ű

129 ű
󣬷ܵ뿪˲
ܺͷϸԶƵĺ裬û𩼸һֱҪ
ֻǵеĶǱܵ͵ģҪٳǾԲܣֻܵŰº
ͷҲһũ(qng)С
ֵĲ
ƳһۣҪʲôʱ
һûٴԼٺöôҲö(qng)
Ц˵أеһܵũɻ÷£
ĵͷ⻹࣡
һҼߣǱĽʿⷽ˲𣿡
Ȼܿ죬ҪһȴڲȱͶȴ˲š
ʣҪ𣿡
˵ֻҪνģ
Ҫլһˣүүɣֵǰвȴóֹ˲š
ξʱҲͼ꣬лǴС𣬶ⷽ˽ⲻǺ
ҪǰҲûôעֻ˲õøþС
ϲİЧʣãˣ
ˣҪҪ鶹һͻլȥ
үү(qng)ˣܵӦûġ
ͷǱģͷȥμؼҵ磬ǶҽܸظģǵҲɣ
ͷԽ()Сʲôϲȥҫ¡
Цٴ㶹ԹȥҰϵһűº
̧㻹(ͦͦ)ϸĵģֲͣ
ĿűҪǲҼõĹ˲Ż˵ʸȡˣ
ʧЦС
صũװһЩԺ͵֭º˼鶹ñд˼ס
岻ֻЩ˼кһЩղժˮȻųֱȥլ
Ϊ˲ܣǰ˵绰Լӣȥլһ˵š
ү̫̫źȲ졣
үӼСŶЦ˵ӴѵҲؼТʱ򰡣
ûĵͷ⻰̫ˣкöʲôʱûТˣ
̫̫ͳ(i)ľִķ壬ϾǴ(i)Ц
үһۣǣɱСТ˳ˡ
ү()СӾǱ߻ģ
ȥддҸоʣµ17ɣôô~~
()

130.130 

130 
ߵ̫̫()£ϾǵЦ
()()θ˺ö
̫̫һپʮˣȥʮҵģò毺˻Ӻš
ŷЦʣʲôöҪ()()
()()Ǻ衣
к˳ÿȣůθ˼ƣ͡ٽθʳ()ѪֵѪѹȹЧ
̫̫ӹĺӴ򿪣һĵĲζЦݸӴҵıС壬֪()()
Ǯ()()ɣⱦӺˣ̧۵ʡ
үһͷߣˣС˺ֻ۾ˣ
һۣʮ()()Ĺ(i)()أ
Եرã˯Ҳ㣬Ҳûˣ()()㲻õģ̫̫˵
̫̫ŷԴж֮ǳԲ˯ŵģ֮ǰ¼˲ãΪڣȥһĲܵĻҽֻϧûҵ
˵йҽѹ˶أܳ׽Ÿ˻
үӾǼ()ôᣬζʮ˵СӣˣϿȥʲôǳ
̫̫ûİһۣΪϲĳͷ
ھ죬(qng)ȴǳá
üȤͷ˰
ȥݲ裬࣡ͷӴ˴ӡ
ӶŲ豭˷ɵĿɳЦǡ
彫õˮ˳ȥÿǰһ
ֽºд򿪣ţǳԣŵʱڶϾĶأ
үӳϲĻ⣬Ƚϲʳô˵Ȥ
ԣڽܹŵʳ鼮Ͽ𣿡
彫ҨȻõ֭ȥȵһ()()ǵȻģͷ㳢֪ʲôζˣ
үȲĵǻһ룡
Цһȥֵһӣϰ֣Ҳ
ӽӹЦҼǵһôƳԵģҵúúó
լǰͽӵ˴ӵĵ绰(qng)˵һ飬֪ⶹ˭ġ
Ŷָֻ()ɢһеУܸ˺ͰοԻδһĪøС
ȥһ˵ʱ䣬18㣬ôô~~~
()

131.131 Žв谡

131 Žв谡
үҨһ׶Էŵ۾Ȼ
ż¾ͽĳ꣬÷Ҩһ롣
˵ģǹŵʱھֵĶˣ
ЦǵȻˣҴƭˣζɣ
үһ³룬ºĶҲȫ
ζⶹЩԹζһˣ
δĶŷ廹δ׵룬СӣҲҰɡ
һͷߣͷͲշ磬ٳԵ㣬һỹȥʳ
ͷӴ˴ӣ()ǿ׳ģô㶹ԣҿ춼أ
ԼӼȻŪԣɼƽûٳԣٳһҲûʲôԾء
ĽϵĶԵݸͷԽԽȥˣ
ΪһڳԵľȻӣͷԽԽСƢˡ
үӲͷ
̫̫ŵĽеĶԳ꣬ǹŵʱڵСԣζĺζ
Ҳͬĵˬڣ⽴֭ĺ
˶ϲԣеЦŨŨȻˣҪǻһ֭ζԲԶˣ
̫̫ǵһμôˣ˭ģ
ЦŻصҵһģҲǰҽⶾĹҽ
үӳԵˬ죬Ц˵ѺܺãͣҲǸлл˼Ұ
ڰ֣Ժл˵ɣ
үϰ()ȥ˲豭ִԼ֮ǰȵǱ£˷ݵǱϣһ֮۾˵ɡ
ͷôˣһһէġЦʡ
үһڲ裬Ʒеζӷ֣Žв谡
֮ǰĹڹŵʱһƪĽܣ˵ɫƻ죬ζ㴼š
ɺôĲ裬ӲǴûкȳζû뵽֮꾹Ʒˡ
̫̫һڣҲ¶˾ϲ֮ɫζŸʴ֮ǰͷǺȵĺ̫ˣ
ȻѾ˺Ȳϰߣ治ϲֻͷӰˡ
Ц˵ǹŵڵĲ裬ֻζãĹЧ
()()θ̫ãÿ춼ٺã
̫̫Ц˵ãСģ̫Т˳ˣ
үһˣֻ()()ģ
ֲ֮˲ǰ֣׼һȥЩϼһ԰£ǳʲôǲ衣
ˣ~~һ»ûд꣬Ҫ19~
()

132.132 ֪

132 ֪
忴ͷӵ۵ģЦ
Ȼٲͷģһ˴޸ǣ̲֮ҲԳˣٴ̲
үȤŨʲô̲裿˼иõĲ裿
ʼ磬Ҳûкȹأڻûժʱ䣬˵̲ϲ˸࣬ڸҲţ
үӷ֣Сӣ˼(qng)ºǵø̲
ĵͷ֪ˣ
̫̫ЦʣС壬˵еŮģ
ʵصŮģһУģҲοʱʶġ
̫̫۵˿Ц⣬ѾȻǸСﰡôʶģ
ü۴Ц˵ʱҾǴα׷ɱպö֮ҴȥѹƵĶأǷҵ(qng)˺ܶϢҾʹũϢˡ
̫̫۷Ź⣬С尡˼ⶾֵĶƳŵʱڵĲ裬ȫؼˡôҲý˴͵ģҲøл£
ӿɻǵһκŮôദŮŻ졣
ǴСѹӵĶǵĺ棬һ
ʵ֮ǰһΣլͣȴˡ
òҲʱŪúͼҳƵģǲѶѣҲԼ̫(r)(qng)ˣΡ
Ժл˵ɡ
̫̫ҲðлٴؼͣСƤȽϱ
ЦƤأ
̫̫ͻȻһҭԼӿôôء
ˣж︣һԵԺٿɡ
һᣬӿʣؼ̫̫٣ǸСҪæȥ磿
Ҳӵ뺯˵һ
岢Լ֪ǰҰܸظģǼæŴӦ磬²Ϊġ
ۣүһڲ˳ʲôȻϹҽȥ磿ͷҪܴͷˣ
һͷߣЩͷ֮ҫǼңǰ()()أүү޹أ
࣡үȫ()ɢζСӣүү()()٣Ҳûôģ˽һٶ磬ǰ׳ˣ
ĿڽлѽĿۣ
ȻͿʼȥȣСӣˣ
үӸݼˣүү㻹ټٵȥֲʶô
ָָϵĶⲻȸͶ𣿻мأԼϻһ٣
֪øͷȥҫҪġ
дˣ~~ллͺͶƱ~~
()

133.133 

133 
үִ򿪱ʺУż۵ĶüЦ
Сӻеģƽû㣡
ҪͷԴ̫ˣ
үû˽ŵȻͿʼļλԼԷ
˵кöƷԷʲôӡ
֪ͷҪȥҫָָϵˮЩǹŵʱڵԭˮڸбȳкÿũĺ̫ˣҲдǣ
ȳүӿϵϣ̲סû˻һһҧ
漴۾˺ü飬˵ϰ
֮󣬶ʱǰԵĲ֪ɶ⡣
̫̫ͷҲһ飬֭ڸзǳãҲǳԹóԵϣ˵óԵˮˡ
СֹŵʱڵƷ϶ֳ̫̫ĺ
ЦЦǣֲͳշ棬ģ
̫̫⸱ֺǵģЦ˵ҺպҪȥμ磬˵ܼСء
ʱлҴ()()()壡֮ǰ׼ġ
̫̫εЦ֣С尡ԴŮӿɲôʹ˼ң˼Ұæġ
Ȼصû£ǷҺܶϢ˵ҽլҪæء
̫̫봷ӣСôôһأۣ
ӵģ˼С϶ˣǲϲԼ޷ȷ
Ҳȥ˵ദԲ˳Ȼɡ
ҪʲôæȻҪլүһϳȫͣ
彫Ƹ˲ʿ(qng)˵һ飬ҪҼóˣҲǿǾ۵ĽʿҾүүûнܣ
ү㶣Ȼ⣬ѾͷܲȻ뵽㣬ѵð
˲ߵȻˣϵ¿ԸԸ⣡
ҲЩԾû뵽()Ͱݶȣˣ
ͷǾ鷳үүˣ
ҪȥǱ߹˷нˮ⣬԰סԵȫԭʳģһѿҩĸ
үүҲԺǿ㣬ĹҽĺǿۿκҽԺû׸εĲˣ
()

134.134 ˵㻹

134 ˵㻹
үӳԾ¡
ȻЦŵôãԭʳĵķˣܿҩ˵ͷҶȥˣ
ʧЦүүˣȥµģͯڻȥţ
үҪȴ̫̫һۣŴ˴ӷ£Сӣ
˻죬()ũ
ڶ죬һѵõ˲ʿǱ͵ũΪǼһ()壬ҩϸˡ
󣬷ؼǱԼʱ䣬Ͼ͹ȥ
ճն˾ˡ
Ǿ磬ʾ£Ȼ߽鷿
ûһᣬ鷿˳һ()īɫľװ
һʣ()(ͦͦ)Ӣ((Ʊ))ˣȫ()ɢһָƣ˷·𼴽ʵıâ¶
ǵһμģôˣ
ߵǰȴһ˿ºͣǱߴ(qng)ҵĸٵ˱һطܵ˹ҪǰȥԮ
ףȥɣעⰲȫ
屧ǸĿ˼ҽ첻ȥؼˣöɡ
ûϵԮ(qng)Ҫ
ǺģùңѵַңԼȥ
֪ȡ֣ҺͶкôȥɡ
ֿ̧˿ʱ䣬ˣ¸ȫϢ绰ûӣҲԸԣ
һƶѧˣУһµļڻмͽˡ
룬ӿռóպóҩҩţؼʱÿԻָСʱһСʱҵľûк֢
Լľc£ѧϰҩû취ɣǾְ취ʱе⡣
ԾĽӹ֧ҩ𣬡㻹ҩ
ǵһ˵Чҩء
ŵ̧̧°ͣҿأҩС˼ѣ
ʧЦ˵㻹ˣ
ǰֿٵӵһ£ѵˮһ
ˣ¾ϵңֱȥ磬һкģأ
()ӽ˽ǵһκ()ӵȻݼ룬ҲǸ𣬿ɻЩȻû÷С
ҲأͬԸ磡̧ڶ߱˱ȡ
ͷȻת()첽뿪
11~~
()

135.135 ô

135 ô
ջ·ն˾֮ͨȵ()Ӱ֡
٣΢Цк
ȿŵϴЦǼǺѣְ٣ǲô⣡
ԺҲҶɣ
С(ͦͦ)ϲģҲ䵱һ
ϣҲ(qng)磡
еЦŨŨͶˣũλ÷ˣɣ
ֿ̧˿ʱ䣬еԶҪ鷳Եȶʮң
Цŵ粻ˣȻǵؼʱ̫ˣԼȥɣ
Ҳ»ٵؼҶӡܻ᲻ãУ㿪ȥҲϳſڼ
ţһͷ
˵绰ͳţ֮ǰ巢ĵַԼȥ
ؼһңլĵλ̫̫ȴѡڽɽׯȽԶ
Сʱؼҵɽׯſͣһ£()ı־()Ǹߵۡ
ͣóɽׯĴſȥ
ſ½дŸߵŮŮ߽ȥһЩſڵˡ
ڵʱȻ磬ؼҲμյˣ()ݶͣ˴һǰ棬չ
ҲһЩСܹ䵽ȥԽμԶ
ҲһĬϵĹأؼҲ㡣
һ·յ˲˴ߡ
ʵĴŴ̫ˣһ()ŵĵɫȹͷһβʩȴúŨױĨʽʢŮˣγɺܴ󷴲
ˮܽȻȥΣͳüƯһǰһĸо
ߵſڣؼҵʮЦſڣСʾ
()ϻû֮ǰ˵ãؼұûе
׼˵Ա߲Զȴһȵô
ͷȥһʢװòŮֺĿԼ
Ů˼ΣҲǱСá
ǴСϵͲãǰ׻ʱ˼ζԭ()͸Ľʺޣֻᱳ᲻ͷͻ
ɸս֮˼ֻҪԭ()ͻ̣԰ڴᣡ
ˣ~1140Ҽ~
()

136.136 㾹ȻҴң

136 㾹ȻҴң
˼һװӣ()Իվźüˣ²λӦǲűġ
ɫĵûϵɣ
˼û뵽ȻôĮ()ϴһǿƸУоЩİ
֮ǰ˵ڵӱˣֻҺԣҺүүԿʱ̫ţ⵨Сų()ôܣ
ȴɵòˣ֮ǰ(qng)()Ӻı˺ܶࡣ
̧۴һʮӱĵǲҵ£ȴ㶪ļҵ
Цһļһԣ˵ôļˣ
ȫ߼
˼һҭھȻȫļҵˣѵǹԲ(yn)
òװһѣıȽ()õؼҵ˴ǹ档
ִûμӹĸ߼ϣʶһЩһүСأҪҲҪһˣ
ûʲôʸȥ
˰ͷؼҰ磬ʲôèܻȥģүǸФġ
Ժȥǧ˵ý㣡ǿ
ô˵Ŀⶼ˼ɣҪɽׯȥ
Ҳûж⣬ＯĺŴ٣һЩŮҪһٿУⱲҲͷˡ
ļҵС壬Ȼûʸյؼģλ()û˴ţп¡
崿û뵽ȻˣҲ¶˱ӵɫ
ļҴ󷿵ˣţ
Ѿ뿪ļңǴ󷿸Ͷ˹ϵҿɲҪԺԾԶ㣡
˼εɴ۾û뵽ôţһȴһԽ˵ϸ˵磬һ˸ĸĹŮǻ
ҷȰڰǰ뿪۶»֪㶪۵Ĵˡ
㶪˿ԣ(yn)ļҵֱ׳˵
ӣǰֱ̧֣˴㲻֮¸˼һĶ⡣
ͷŸɾ㣬ҪǹŮүӺֶˣ
Բ˵Ļ()()СáҲȥˣɲ(())Ҫ飡
˼βŵ㣬㾹ȻҴң
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

137.137 㻹˵

137 㻹˵
˼()ԵаԴҲû뵽Ҷ֡
õüλС㣬ǲ̫ˣ
ɢһεƣۿô˵Ů(())أҲԼְ
ԴһҭѾͷ(ͦͦ)ŵġ
һѹ±꣬Ӳ˵ﲻĵط뿪Ҿ밲ˣ
뽫(qng)ִ󣬷򾪶ؼҵ˳ͲˣϾ̫̫磬ȴסˡ
˼Ȼֻ棬ô˵ҲŮ飬ǲӣ֮ɫƵġ
()ԵļҲŷ̵ǣҪΪûмɫţɲĵط
˼ŭɫҵţ
ʼ磬ǣҵžͺã
˼ο⸱һ㶼ûнǷģίѵԴ֣٣뿪
ԴܲͶ˴ϷʵĿ⣬ʱЩ
ǿؼſڼûҪȥǰ߰ɣ
ֹۿ˵͵()ӣؼҵ
һòĿʣС㣬𣿡
ҡҡͷûУҽġ
ۣ˼ЦһҾ˵ûɣ㻹װģʲô˽ģôûأ
㲻˵Լڵ˰ɣĽڿûãؼҵĴţָĸ˫ļҵƽܽġģǲŮ
ҴȻȥ֮һҪøæһسӣҲҪ(())˵ˡ
ҪȥϺţ()ݼֱΡ
Ц㻹˵ˣٵˣ
˼ߣﶪˣȱľŮ˼()ݸ߹һƽ񣬻Ǹ()ʶcķϲģͱФܼˣ
뿪ļңҲڷļС()ݣ˵(())ƽҲԼѡ
ҲҽڶѣҴôò˵Ƥ
Ů˿ʩ죬ϾɵЩʣӲѣſɲôü޵ģ౻ѡ
ؼŻɲ˻ȥϿԼ߰ɣˣ˼һļŮҲ׷׿ڣһᷳӵģ
ǰ()ݻϵ̨棬ĽսļңֻһУ()΢ʵ㣬ɱɷھУҲ̫þͻᱻˡ
()

138.138 ǳ

138 ǳ
˼κǼŮһһķ̡
ؼҵ˵ûǸĵ˼С㣬ûǲܷȥ£
ֵܾݵŮҪȥŴٵӹŮˡ
ؼҵʻ(ͦͦ)ߵģûϵҵȵˣ
⻰վſڵ˶볯ŲԶȥ
濴һˣΪ۶һӵķȷ١
˼οȣɵú˺졣
Ȼ(qng)ս٣ɶԷŵĹҲĶġ
վźŮһҲǻվ()ߣĿҲֹʡ
˵ȵ˲Ƿٰɣ
ôܣʲô()ݣʶƽ񣿡
ҲԣˣôǷ٣
˼ζ˵ȵǷ٣Цġ
üЦɣҵȵĻ
ٶ𣬷ֹҲ()ܽʶģ˼ʮֲмĻ
Ƴһۣϲһֲ㲻Ƿ飬β
㣡˼һҭ޵ĵһۣ߽˵һŮֵģ
ٺã
ܺã
ſڵ˷׷ǰ(r)(qng)ĺͷȴк˼εаԴҲ⣬ȫ()ݵİͽ̬ȡ
ɿųϴŵ΢Цк˵ͷǻӦ̬û˾òԣЩŮķӳݡ
Ǹ˼ӣԽЩ˾ֱߵǰ棬ֿ̧˿ŵЦ˵
һ΢ЦûϵҲŵأ
Ǻһͷǽˣ
߹ʱﲻ˶һֲ̫Ѻõ̬Ƚϲˬ
ɫạ̊́Ѿ뵽ǵ£˭۸
֪ҪԼڷ()ҵһ˿ĸо
ͷһЦ磡
ԣȶԴ˵ʧɢһڼҿݸ׽С
ЦŽסԼĸ첲ȽȥɣظƵȼˣ
ãܵȻ𾪵þþòܻ˼Σ˲ŵɫУŷ߽ؼҵĴš
֮򵥵İ취ǣĽʺû취
ؼҵĶԷ()ݴһУü
룡С룡
1130~~
()

139.139 һǼٵġ

139 һǼٵġ
ŷʧڴſڣ˼βŻ̲סŤ¡
ָײԾǶ뵽ŻҪ
ôܣôʶٵģʲôʱ(qng)
Ľ޵˿Ҫˣ
СΪԼƯһҩʦϽ֣׷
òױɷϲĵ볾ôһ¾ʶ˵۶һӣ
ⲻܣһǼٵġ
ҲͲѣֵһ۾ĸо
ԭȵǷ٣
ѵǷٵŮѣ
ô᣿ûղźٶֻ׽֮˲ſܽеģŮѿûʸ񣡡
Ҿ˵ŴôܻҪȥŮˣȻǣ
ǰԭǷģѹûˣ
ؼҵغͷٵֵܣؼȻһҪ
ʹǺܶ˵ı()رվȴģСȥˣַ͸
˶˼η̡
˵˼ҲҪҪȥ()ݸƽʵĳЩ˲ĲҪɣҵʳˣѹҪǻã
ǰѹ˼ҲϡʲôļңҲϡ
˽Ľʺû취㽫ᷢй˼()ϡ
ļڵ۶Ǹ壬ŲϺš
˼α̵һһģԱߵĲԴҲö֮
Ȼȥɣ˼
ŮǸɵ棬Լý㾹Ȼͷٹϵôö֪ղҪ̬Ⱥõ㣬˵ܺͷٴˡ
ڱô˳ˣҲ֪᲻ǳ̲ס˳겻ѡ
֮ǰҪ˽ʰ뷨ͱ׵˾ˡ
˼εɴ۾һŵģ㾹Ȼһȥ
ԴļǶĩβҲļǿˣȢŮ˽ţ֮ǰǲźϣԱȽģղŵ(qng)ͷ˼ˡ
ȥɣп㣡Դܵ˵꣬()һڷԸ䡣
˱ǰһƣС㣬ؼң
˼λûܹίɼԴԽԽҲҷ֮ô˿űӣ̲סת()ˡ
춼ôһҪð͸Լ
˼ˣұ㽫תƵ²ͷٹϵôʶϡ
()

140.140 е˼ˣ

140 е˼ˣ
Զһˣ֮ǰһĻϷȫ
ǵľǿȻһξ룬жԻˡ
ǸСƢ(ͦͦ)ģ˵ȶȣи()һ˵ɵĵ
һò˹ɢȻȻӣصеС()
óǸԼö⣬Ǽӣŷȵƣе˼ˣ
˵ǿһϷѣϡ
߰ɣȽȥ
³ߵſھ⵽֮(r)(qng)к
رǶӵ̬ȣͶԷٲµİͽᡣ
ͷȴ˹ͷӦ²ͬЩˣޱ(qng)Į߽ؼҵĴţͬûм
һߣŷȵĸ첲š
ʣҪҷԸǽ
ЦЦãСˣ
Ǹ׸Ƶ()ӣ÷ȷԸ˼ν춼϶ġ
Цޱȵ˵ԺҪǱ˭۸ˣܺͶ˵۶ؽϻûǷֲסĳӡ
£ֻ͸Ҳ˵۸˾ܸǣûֲסĳӡ
ȾһůɫЦ⣬ð
Ⱦϲ̹(())(qng)()ӣԣ
һг˼ϵ˽Ů⣬ϵȫж
һֱǽԶ֮Ҫôϲ͹ɣǺԸһõġ
˵ſھͼ
СˣأͷһЩȡ
٣кһЦŻصͻȻӵ˾֪ͨȥˡ
صͷԭСִȥˣѹֻ÷
򻹲İ
ô룬Ժͽظ磡СӡǺܺõġ
ɵĵͷظ磡
ھȥ𣿡
Ц̫̫Ҫȼ㣡
֣ʣڳҪҪȥ᣿
Цҡҡͷãҷڿռˣ
ʧЦ()㻹ǿռˣ
ЩϧôһŮ()ȴ䵽ͨ˶ľ磬Ҳ()ӼǿҲֵ͵ĵط
ش˽¥̫̫רӴ͵ĵط
ǰӿռóһݾµ
ؼ̫̫٣һԲܶԷԼ׼ˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~Ҫжˣ~~~ôô
()

141.141 㲻ҪҿɾҪ

141 㲻ҪҿɾҪ
жһȺضˣʵЩʲô
Ϲȥʮңǧĸɳ졣
һӺţһʸ߹żׯȴʧ׺͸С
߽ȥЦŽܣ()()()()λҺ˵
΢Цк˺ã˺ã
ȼ()()Ȼôˣ˲Ȼʮ**ġ
()()()()
ص()()üЦŶ֣Ǹ˵С
ȵ()()ü۴Ц()ߵĿλ(i)˵С
ôУ֪Ƿ()()ЩԷȻڣ̬ȻôѺá
Ӧѹƶص(qng)̫̫֪ˡ
оó̫̫(ͦͦ)ʵģҲ(qng)ǡ
ð߹ȥ̫̫Աߡ
ͺüϲˬʵŮôľٶһ¶θڡ
ǿóӽھֹܵȻӭϣҲװܼǿִŵС̹Ȼˬ
غͷҲ˶ɳϡ
()()(r)иˣֻ³׼ϯأ˼ڵա
ü֮ǰԼ()ȽӣһֱĲ˺ɫζе(qng)Ҳĺθڡ
ô˵Цһۣ˼æ˼˼ҿɲ˼
Цʲô˼ģ㲻ҪҿɾҪˣ
СӣƤԽԽˣüû˵
ЦŽӿڣʵҲЩ棬ʲô͸()()ء
˵ĺö٣ǼͷΪ衢ϵ(qng)ȦǷһѣڳ·ء
ô˵ЦŽ򿪣óľС
͵ﶼҩģϣ˲źã
ȻӣһһֻȥƷܺõİ˲Σһһװµ轣һһЩڡ
üԹŵʱڵĹҽһֱȤԺܶԭҩҲ˽⡣
͵΢΢£Сģ̫ˣ
⿴˲ξ˰ģڿǺѰҵƷݵԭ˲Ρ
һҲͣƷҲǼ֣ǰûôƷʵġ
()

142.142 ϲ

142 ϲ
üһװŵĺӣ¶־ȡ
ǹŵʱڵ𣿡
ֻڹżϿнܣȴѾˡ
ЦŵͷǵģԼֵ轣ΣεĹЧϺȿ̲Ѫ
ҵĸռ˲ٹŵʱڵԭҩģҲ˺ܹأ˵ȴ㲻ʲô
һСѣ£
üʧЦУҾͲˣлҺϲ
ִ򿪴һ轣ֱӷŵƷ£ԭζ͹żһҽҲմСĵĹƷˣ
Ц˵˿ˣʱҵũ۳ʱ͹ǳ
۳۲Ǻܶ࣬Ҳ׼߸߶·ˣЩ̫̫ƷõЧ
üеЦŨŨ˹ŵʱǺöϧһֱԵƷҾͲˣ
Ц֪ûзݣ
΢ЦȻˣһʲôöģһֱ()()Լкöһʱ뵽
ҾöһѸȥء
⻰ߵЦݽЦǳСӾǸƤΪ˲鷳ɣ
ûʲôȱʱԼ˵ġ
ҵũҲйɷݣ˵ҲԼĶ
֪Щ˼ϲʲô֮ǰһЩ鷳æƽģũȱҲҽģ㲻鷳
ԽԽϲǸСʲôƢ֪鷳㲻٣()ϵĶҲѹסȫҶл㣡
ڵĶĲ
΢Ц˲ôȹңҰѹƺͽⶾǳƽˣ
ļ˶(ͦͦ)ദûֺҸ߸ϵʢ˸У(ͦͦ)ϲġ
Ŀ峺ҲǷĵĲǷһ(qng)¸̾С̫ˡ
һֻ֣ǵģͷѣҲϲ㣬Ժɱٽˣ̫⣬()()
Ҳỹ(qng)(qng)˷⣬Ҫʱվ
ɵĺһ()()
úӣϲֲִ󷽵С
üҲЦ˵()()Һˣҿɲ
ʧЦ()()
Ǹúӣüĵͷ
11~~
()

143.143 Ҳǿ۽

143 Ҳǿ۽
һᣬȥˣλ̫̫غͷȥ
뿪ԺüЦʣоΣ
峺()ӴˬʣϲһСüʵ˵
ЦҲôģ
ղ˵ܽĶüʡ
ͷѾóһҩѹڵĶأֻҪռһЩҩģóⶾҩˣ
ͺüۣⷽ治زء
üɵЦ˵ͺãС￴žͲǱʲôĿĽӽҵģǸϣҲͲȢˣ
ϣжһĨеǾǸʡ͵ĵƣĳ֣ȢҪլˣ
治ϲǸĻܹ潻Ůˡ
رŮ˾ȵǰŮѵҪֵܵĹϵȵĵߡ
ϣĺԼ
üͬ˵ǸŮһȾҿǶûҴš
˽̸ţܿ½й͹㻻˻⡣
Ҷעŵϵϡ
üĽܣ˲κͺǶ֪϶ûɣŵʱڵ轡
ԭ轳֪ζΣüҪݼˮƷ£һЦ˵
üҡͷЦɲУҾôһУ᲻øǺȣ
Сģλ˺ϵ˵Ǻö˭ģ
һС͵ģ˹ŵʱھֵĶö()ζزҲǿ۽磡üȻûԳԹȴԼӡ
ǲǷͷǰȥԵ֣
ǰͷҲմӵĹ⣬ǰƷ˶һѷͷء
ɲǣͷɵɪˣҼͷؼ߶ء
Ҽҵĵŷͷĺ裬߶Ҷˣ
Ǻǲôúȣ
ҲһЦݣŸʴȷʵúȣҲСֳģҼҪ˼лȥТǣлǵﳢ
ûôТ˳ҼҵĻСӣҪǮ£
ҲϵĿȻ׷ֱʾôһ˵ҶԽĶڴǿеСҲǺ漫ˣ
üЦڴͺãȻԳ֪ˣ
ҵĺıĵỹδʼͽĴ˳ȥõļα֪ˡ
ûˣ쿨~һûд꣬12ǰӦÿԷ~~
()

144.144 ˭ٶȿ

144 ˭ٶȿ
ؼҵĳӿռָó׼õĶһЩʳġ
ؿˮ߲˺͹Ϲ˿Ц⣬Сܵԭ߲һͺܿɿڣǽпڸˣ
ǸȽϸĵˣҲܵµĺøһ㡣
Ц˵ϲĲȣҲܿģ
˵Ը˿ʼϴ˺ժˣԼҲȫ()ĵͶ뵽С
ģغͷȶһ˳ȥ
ػҪȥдˣȥѾۻᡣ
˶۶(qng)Ҳ
ֻǴҲ֪λСѵ˭˴ҵθڣһɫʣôҳ˺档
ڴҵеĲ˻δ⣬αϯ½ʼϣԶΪϵĲȣɹ˵Ĺע
䶹ˮԲӡ䶹ɫϿɢζҲҺʢ
ܿ죬ϵĲҲϣŵĿĶȣŵԶΪʳ()ŵĲõĹŵˣŵɫˮ㣬ɫζȫǰһ
üϵʮˣϵЦֹֹס
һλСѣǰæĹŵʱˣǾմⳢɣ
ȿһӣʽϯ
֮ǰȥͷҳԹ˵ζһֱʲôζմط˵ĹⳢһϵЦſڣһ鶹()
Ҳ׷׺ļһУȻһ¶˾ϲ
ζĺζ
ȥһεսǰμ磬Բ˷ֻ˼()ļһ£ʱĻҳ
ɽȴȻ෴ЩվȨͷ̫̫ǣֻ֪ͷԲˣ˭ٶȿ죬ϵζŨ
۲ѣͷ̫̫ͿɵˣܹԵô죬֪жζˣ
ǵľĶһûֶپûˣһԵöζԱʦĲ᲻κθڡ
ȫϱСϯ
ͽꪼ˺ˣһĻζСĲ̫ˣȥϲ䣡
ꪰһۣԱү̫̫ǳ
ûϵĲ˶ѾƲпɨͷ̫̫ǻأǵķݡ
ֻڴСĲϿӪҵҲһڸ̾
Ļ׷׺棬Сζ˵𣿡
ζҰ죬԰ǻԹˣǽһζ
һҹŵɫ˽˹ݣҲֵģʡԺλãһɪ
ڳ˳˳ǣһﻹôǷᡣ
Ҳ˸ĺȤ˽¿ʼС˭Ǽص˽˹
ǽԵ̫ˬˣֲȥϲ䣬֮ȥһٲܹ񫰡
±ȽϷʣĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

145.145 

145 
𩼸˼й¶˽˹ݵĵַֻȥش̽
Ҳû͸¶佱һжζһ¾ͽ˵θڵߡ
Ժ˽˹ݿҵЩ˽󣬵һʱȥŶԤԼˣҲ˽˹ݵ״졣
ˣȥϯòͱˡ
ʵ̫ˣľַش֮ĵһ֪¶Ļںܶ˵ܺѵãȴòʱ
ؼ˶ǸȽǵˣʧȥжϣǳ˱ʳ⣬Ҳʼ()
֮ǾƻᣬҲǴص㽻չĵط
һ¥С¥̫̫εͷ̫̫ǡ
˴ճһҪ԰Ҫġ
ʱͻȻһͷ׵վ()׼ȥ䣬ȴͻȻɫһһ˹ȥ
үӺ̫̫״ҽǰҽΡ
ؼλҽгº࣬սҽԺҽʦһ߼ҩʦصرؼͣ˳Ӧͻ¼
һʱ䣬żеǰ
ϸļһ飬üͷһ𣬡Уǻͻǩ𼱾ɣ
үô˵ɫ˱䣬ȷǻͻ
˺ڰǨ֮࿪ʼӵܣ()ҲԽԽǿȴûκα׶˵ġ
İߣаٷ֮ʮϾͻᴥ򲡣Ϊ()ͻ()
()ҩͼȲţ(qng)صĻᵼֻ̱мл῵
ͻ()Ļ򲡾ͺأ()ѸĪ˥ԣʼңٸ˥ߣ
үɫޱȣԹܼҷԸȥ尽
ܼ¶¥ҵںǺȾƵĵ尣˵һ䡣
ɫ䣬Աߵİ˹үүˣ
˵ٶȳŶ¥ȥ֮ǰǸɵ˵и()ˡ
԰ҹϵã˹ɫ΢ҲѸٵ˶¥
ԼүүȻͻ򲡺󣬲û
ôܣүүƽ()ܺõģǸ߼ء
º̾˿Ľүү֢״ҼҲȷʵǻ򲡵֢״ǩ˼飬һᾡȰУġ
һ϶ֻмǩˣǲŸȣҪǾȲǸΣ
ңɻǽӹǩ֡
()

146.146 ˭˵βõģ

146 ˭˵βõģ
ؼ̫̫磬º³ʲôⲻȽȻҩ
Ѹιүӷصļҩʼơ
ü״ĵʣҪ𣿡
ºҡҡͷҪȹõõֻүӵĲ(qng)ȼˣ
һʼʾƽȣɼ֮Ȼʼ˺ɫһֱƶүӵ()½
ãУͻǸ߼ģЧ
ֲһǾ֢Ϣ˥ķǳ죬ͼ˵ĻᶼûС
ºʹ֮ɫŵ尣٣ڰ
˵үǰ£˫ͨҡͷģүүģ
үӵɫĿʼҰף()΢΢鴤̲סվ()סº˻𣬡ǲûˣңүүоȣ
ºѾϰ˼ļҷӦǸ˵٣ѾˣۻһҽҸұ֤޷үӵģ
ôҽԺͻ򲡸ûһȳɹģ
ڰ
ģȻܲˡ
ʱһŮ𣬡˭˵βõģλоȣ
ƽڳ˷׷׿˹ȥ
һŵɫȹƯŮӶ¥ǲʶˡ
ºҲ˹ȥüͷҽûпУ(qng)ܶ϶˻оȣ
߹ȥһҽǻУҴķ״̬жϻоȡ
ԭҪ뿪ģغͷȴ̫̫кǾ¥ˡ
û뵽һĻΪһҽ޷ܾȵĻ˲̲סڡ
º಻мüҽǲƭ˵𣿾д˵ôҲͶϾˣôܶ٣
дżֺʽĶ˵ҪҵעкַܶػߺҪЩȡ裡
ڹҽĶЩûʲôµƭӣ֮ΪҩãʮַС
СʲôҽôܾȻؾ֢ߣֱ췽ҹ̷
ͬ¶˼ַ֮ɫϲľΪһж֮УҽԴҽ
Ŀڳ鴤ԽԽϵĻ߿ڵѧ޽磬û֣֮˵ܾȻаգҲ˵ŵġ
()

147.147 ǫ̂

147 ǫ̂
߻ӵʱ䣬ȲԼѡɡ
ŻΪûеõʱȥҲΥԸǿȥ
ֻҪ뻼߱ȻļǲᷴԵġ
º֣ʲôطðģҽʸ𣿡
Ǻһ¥ģº˵ĻǲһĹҽҿԸ嵣֤Цȡ裬ϣҽҲرˣ
˿ϢԽԽ΢ĵүӼ˵ѾүЧֻܵΪʲôأʲôʸ϶һȲ
ºһҭ٣ϣ㲻Ҫ£ҽѧĽǶ
ȥҽѧǶȣβүүͱ죡尺۽ºһƿ
Ȼסǻߵļæˣ
ʵѾˣȻзٵı֤ͻǾ֢֪ʵҲΪȻԼүү
ܲүүͻȻĴǸڰϣҲ
ºɫѿѣٺ͵پȻԼ˺Ц̵ȻλСôб£Ǿɣ֤漣ķ
Ƴһۣĵҽҽ¶ôȻ֤漣ǾͿŰɣ
˵겻º࣬ߵǰȷ˷ƤȻϸİ˰
Ȼ֮ǰжϲ²һѪ˥ߵ(qng)
ڳļ˶װģҪзȵĿڵ尿Ҫ(qng)ըˣ˶Ҫֹ
ڵСΪҽƤëͳҪ԰ڣҪǾȲУǫ̂һүҡͷ̾Ȼҽ
˶ŵͷͬǰֲǰҼңⷽרңȽļĶû취տƾһˣʲôЦ
ȡ裬͵Ļȡ裡
ô˵΢΢üͷĺǳ⣬ûнȱ¶ֲۣǹҽô֪Ȳˣ
˴̣
ȻҲûףֻܾȡСڶһϣУԳĽϣλҪϣ
˵Ŀżֶ̻ڳ˶˾ͻȻðСʲôôܵλ̫̫ĳڰæ
رǷңСȫǺεĻš
()

148.148 漣

148 漣
˵()ݵλܸߣȻˣȻ۵
ֻôһŮܹȻصүӣһſûģ
ǵҪȲүӣԼҽ
ȫڻ()ϣϸļ꣬óһ˲гƬڶԷ
ӿռóС
ѸٵΪȻڻ()϶ľ(Ѩxu)λϷֱ¡
һ˿ڽϣȻͨһΪͨĵط
ɫרעرʩַžͺһ˵Ĺζ
ǹŵʱڵĽһԹŵĻоүӾȿڡ
Ȼûʱ;شȴ
Ӿǽô𣿡
ȥŪģģֻЧˣ
˲Ӧаɷ˰ɣ˵ǵĺö
үͻ򲡣˵˲Σҩѵɣ
˽
˹˵үү𣿡˫ֽգ˫ͨĶүү
˹ļ򣬰ǹŵʱڵĽ˵֮Ч˵үүоȣ
⻰ȻοӶ࣬ȻӦ涮ҽҪүӴϣ
Ծеû򲡵飬ͻ()ûһܹ
һϣɣ
ʱһȥԭϼ鴤ĵү()徹ƽҰַɫҲһ˿ת
ʾµ䣬ĻһĻڳ˶ˣ
رǳº࣬ȫһĲź𾪡
ƣܿͷϾͳһϸҶóβܺķѾ
֮ǰɵ˸ֱӱ˿ڣһĶſĻɿʼҡڡ
Сʱ߶ľȫͨý˼ȹת(Ѩxu)λ
ƣԭһ·Ʈֱµֹͣ䣬ϻȻߡ
Żߵصˮ׼ֱ̫˲ˣ
()̫ˣƣ룬Ե֣үӿкŵ˲ó
㶣ȴûз߹ȥ½˲Ƭ˳
ó֮ǰֵݸι߷£
尽ӹԥүүУ̧ȥ
Ȼ̧ͷżֲźͼʣүүȻ𣿡
ͷȻˣҩԼʮ
⻰ڳٴη׷¶ŵүӸղԲȥˣô̵ʱ
ֻȴûٿɣǽŵĵȴ
ԼʮӺԭ˫۽յĵүָ˶۾滺
찡漣˼״̲ס
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~Ժʱ10Ұ~~~˵˹ж䣬Ҿµǵ~~~
()

149.149 Ǻѵ

149 Ǻѵ(qng)
ү۾ߴ̵̧ڡ
үүˣ
ֵǵʣоôﲻ𣿡
үЩȴҲ˵ղҸоԼҪˣ˾񣬾ʹľȻҲˣ
ԼүүĻһ˾ͺã
̧ͷС㣬鷳ٰүү
Ϊүְ˰Ѿȶ֮ǰΪ˼˾öע
һƿݸ尣滹裬ÿʮүӷһţһҾȫˣ
尽ƿӹ£֮ǰ˵ýүӿڵܸҿ𣿡
תֵ˹ȥ½үү㿴껹ң
½үûĵСӣѲɻģ
򿪴ƿһҩţ˲Ρ顢ߡ᪣ļζŲҩЧӦԲΪ
СѾͷ˵Ķ𣿡תͷʡ
ͷЦү˵ûҩҪѪӵ()壡
½үӶԹŵҩоҩҩƷʿɱƽҪúܶ࣬ЩĽҩŻصƿݻ尡
үүҩ貹()ãɱŪˣ
һͷߣôҪҩô֪ܶˣ
½үֿСѾͷ軹ҼƿôҲԡ
½үȻ󹺣Ҳ˼
ϼһҩܾͨӻ˵۶һҽҩ˾˵õҩԲ
ЦҡҡͷǸóĿŽ춼˳Ժлɡ
ֻõģԻôĿš
½үЩźܿЦ˵ǽһն˺ţԺóʱϵҡ
ãȻܾ۶Щͷ̫̫ġ
ѾɳϵĵүӲô֮ǰȻԵʶڣԴ֪淢ʲô(qng)
º͵ĿڣСлҵҪʲô㾡ܿڣҪ(qng)ҲԣֻҪĶû⣡
СѾͷҽжֻᣬһ㣬ùϵҲһ㡣
˶£û뵽үӾȻֱ(qng)()ݵλɱȸǿˣƽҪүǷһ(qng)Ǻѵ(qng)
Ҷ˵˹ҾͰѵ尻һˣԵ֣ôô~~
()

150.150 ȻҪ

150 ȻҪ
˶ͶȥĽСѾͷǺˡ
ҪﻪĵĻʳ黭⣬ҽȻҲҪ
뽫ҽҹЦ˵үӣұͺˣ
ҵĳһǧǱңղΪʩչ˽ͨľ˲پҪǱҲС
˶˵ĲõݵҩһһǱңһţǱҡ
תҾһǧǱҵķüɣ
⻰һڳȫ£Ȼ⡣
ѾͷǲɵˣǱҺ͵үһ޼۵(qng)ȣʲôȻҪ
үҲ㶣ʧЦȷҪ(qng)
ɫ̹(())󷽵ʵ˵ҽģҽ˵һֱȽϲְҵֻ㣬ԿǮ壬Ҷû
½үӿó()ܹݣ͵Ц˵һҽģСѾͷСС()˿̹(())ܺã
үˣҲǲʧ˱ĶѡǫЦЦʵ޵֮ϲ˳ӱġ
½үЦʧ˱Ĳܿɹģ
жˣʧ˱ġ
үҲ۵ͣСܺãȻҲǿ
ǱתС㣡ӷԸ
û뵽ôѡȻŮеɵǺܸмԼүү
ն˺ţһǧǱת
С㣬ԺпһҪͣү룬ǱҸȻѾ壬Ǽ(qng)
󷽵ףã
ʱڳ˶ޱȸ̾û뵽ҽô棬Ч
º󣬱ϾүµĲΣۣҲܿ϶ͻ򲡣(qng)ȻҩȻ֪ҪԼ(qng)ˡ
ҪǣҽȻܽͻ򲡵⣬صҽԺ֮һҪϱԺܶ˵˻򲡵˵һ
һߵǰС㣬ΪԼ֮ǰ˵ĻǸԹҽĲ˽¶ۣ˵үӵƣ
ҲлղŵĻидҽȷʵǷȱܶ࣡
֮ǰȷʵ̫⣬жĹҽ˾ǴˣõǸ
ĵǸĹ˲٣֪ܸĪɣҽĵǸҽˣϣܺɰٴ
ãһᾡȥģлСָ̣庮ܽˣҲˣ
ٶ˵͵үҲǸֱ뿪
()

151.151 

151 
º뿪Ҳߵͺüǰ
΢Ц˵()()()()һе(qng)ȸˣ
ЦŵúӣԺҪլͣҵ㣡
ؼҵĴҲʱӭ㣬ھϲЩлˣɱǣһҪͣü(i)Ц˵
ʵôһָĹҽӴϵԲ
ȻҲΪ棬ĺϲ()󷽵С
(qng)ҲлҪȥˣصҿ϶Ӱġ
ͷЦ˵пһݷλ()()ģ
Էʹһ񣬡СؼҰɣ
Ҳôģã
͵үӡ½үкҽһүӺ̫̫ĸӻ߻(r)ĿУͷ뿪˶¥
նţ׼ȥлл˳үү¡
˹뿪ıӰ˼߹һ޵Ļȡ
˷ȵԼĳͻȥˡ
Цʣ첻Ǵ˽˹ݵλã׼ʲôʱҵ
룬ٹУҪѧˣҸĩҵɡ
УҵǰǰһϢȶһ䣡⣬ĶĲ˻ζҪԼᣬȥũ䷹ˡ
Цû⣬һ֪ͨ磡
һᣬʣȵĵүӣ֪()𣿡
ҡҡͷֻ֪һֱ˽У
ΪռһѧԺУԼҲһƵսŴңڵ۶ĵλȽϸߡ
ӵܻ֮㣬ͶڵһѧԺһ죬ǻϵǰéѧ
һԾգΪһѧԺŮ()ϲսҪҵˣڵڶսְѾսУͷΣҲпܻݷ㡣
ˣȽ½үԺĲ½ұȽӴ½ϵĶӻҽҩ˾ʵҲǳۺ񣡡
½үϲйŵʱڵĻҩĵȣΪ˱ȽϻԽύ
֪ǷԼ׽˼֣ԽԼĸ㡣
лл磬ˣҪĺãϤͽӴЩǱⲻ˵ġ
һֻЦͷ㶼Ҷˣʲô
ͻũȲſų뿪ԱܷܵһϢ
()

152.152 Թˣ

152 Թˣ
һķϵҲĻָҩæʱԼʻ׳õ˴ֲʱ˾˳
˳룬׷ΧˣʹˮĻ᲻ܴʧ
ԼҶ緢ϢѾȫͻũһȡ
׼һƵͨȴһЩ(qng)ֻܷһϢȥȻصնս
ũûзЩϰߣڴʱնһ¡
ٴζлҩ˳˾Ԯ񣬲ֽӵһԤһԺܻʱǵúúң
ŷϢȾһЦ⣬˲ն˷ǹرյġ
뷢һϢȥ
֪ˣҽҲ˳óԵģ
ŷֵڶУһʼдſѧһĻεĿˣ׼
ǽڿ鸴ϰ
뿪ѧ죬ȥһ˲£ȥ˹䳬С
ʵеĳûж࣬һЩȥѧУõõƷšŻصϡ
տȥһ·ͻȻһӰӰ£ĳϡ
ʱԱӰһ䡣
ûвɲӿٶȡ
ʱͻȻ˴򿪣һӰ˽
Ҫת()ȥһѼǹ͵ĺ󱳣һżְ𣬡
Ҫȥ侲ʡ
ղҵϵǻףӦڱ׷ɱ
ȿȡ()˴һҵĿԣһ˿ѪζڳӣٶԶУ
󱻵żǹ̫ˣڵ()ʺΣû㿪ֻмٳһȥ
ܿ죬׷Ҫ((Ʊ))ͣ
оĮٴμڿд˼תԱȽϸ߳ļʻ((co)co)˦Ҳǹ˺üط
ͣڽһƬյأתͷſȥһ˫ķۡ
㣿˹𿴵תͷ΢΢¡
û뵽ٳֵһȻġ
ļܺãмӡؼһֱڵ()ߡ
ʶңû¶ɫ
˹ζĵؼҼ㣡
ƳһֻǹԹˣ
˹Ƣôüҽڿ˻Ҫ鷳ҽæˣ
ղ˲ᣬʱȥҽԺæǸİ취
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

153.153 ŮҲ̫

153 ŮҲ̫
Ц
ҽҲǷ˵ģһҵĳǹвңЩ⳵ҲǻˣȻ˼Ұˣ
(qng)ã㿴
ˣǵ޳ǮļҾͿôһ޳Ҫһء
˹֪и()ȴû뵽ô𣬡֪˭𣿡
ҹ˭Ǯͷ˵
˹оȫ()۵Ҳһõٸ㱨꣬ˣ
ҪܾͻȻ֮ǰԴʯòˡ
ҲУҲҪǱңҪԴʯҲҪ޺þСֱ˵ĵֻװײס
ҪһȻǹвЩˬթһʹȥ
װ()ܺܺãܱȵϣԻ޸ʵá
˹£㲻()ʺ;䵽ĵز𣿻õԴʯ
ûĳܲãֻҽҽ
Դʯ˹ܾŮе㲻⡣
cԴʯʮ飡
أ˹ü˵үӣһžһǧǱңҿҪֵŰٶԴʯ
ŮҲ̫˰ɣ
ֱ׵˵ҿ㲻˳ۣ˻ҪʧȻҪˣ
Ҫ͸Դʯӹ³
˹һҭŮ˵ƢҲ̫ˡ
ΣҪ󣡡()˵
ü˵
һ֮һҪκˣڶýҴȥܽй¶ȥ˹Ҫ
ΪʲôأУˣ
ҪѧУҲûʱ͹к
ڻؼңǾ͸ðˣũȥսסС
˵ũٿȥ
˹һ⣬Щ׷ɱҵ˲֪ûп㳵ƣҪͲˣ
ȻŮƢ˵㣬Ҳ޹
û˵˵ʲôãҴϳҾ˳ơ
Ȱҳȥȥ޺ãٸĸۡó׷ɱһ˲򵥡
԰˹˵С⣬Уר˰ޣ
ЩȻôϳ˳ƣŮЩ򵥰
()

154.154 ǹթ

154 ǹթ
˹ũƽΪʯĵķ䣬Ϊһ
ýΪֹѪƣȻ˿ڡ
ûƻˣҲûð˹亹˳
һҲǸ()ǿˣͷβûпԹһҪǲ԰׵ɫͱʪ·ʹ
ҩ˿ڵλãһƿҩ¡
˿иʴ()ĶأѾ㱻ʴĵطɾҩҩнⶾϵĹЧȻ˰˹һѣ()Ϊҽȴʹ
ļңܾͻɷϲĵϢˣ
˹ҲϮԼĶ˶ȴû뵽ôأɫ΢΢˳鷳㽫Ķװ
Уָķϲʲô˼ɷʡ
֪ҪЩȥоòƿװԱߣⶾʱɾ߸СʱǱһͻ˳ļȫ()
ȻƻʴľԼ֮ľȻ޷ʹá
׷ɱ˻(ͦͦ)ģҿ˿ڲ£צץģԺŻСĵΪãҪûңͷˣ
˹üͷ޷ʹãǲͺͷһˣ
ʶȻеĶزһȴ࣬ûʲôϵҾͲ֪ˡ
Ű˵ãٻδ͸ǰҡ
˹ĵղѾ˵ˣ
֣Ҳٴһ£סҶĶ(qng)
˹üҪԴʯ𣿲ҽĲϲ(qng)Ʒ𣿡
ǶԱ˰˵֮ǰڳûϸ˿ڣô֪(qng)ô⣿
Цеĵȷʵϲ(qng)ƷѣٶöʮԴʯ(qng)ɡ
˹Ҫ֣ôǵһαĿŵթŮ˵ĵӲһ
ƾʲô֮ǰ̸ñԴʯġɡ
ƾҪҩ࣬ҩܽڵ඾ȫɾŲɹ𣿡
㣡˹ûѪǹթ
ͷ԰ҾթѡΡ
ָָǸƿӣ()ϵĶװˣϿûȥо£ǲƭġʧĸҩҩ㾫ƱػᱻӰ죬ǾͲܹˡ
()

155.155 Ҽסˣ

155 Ҽסˣ
ͷ˹𣬵˵һ䡣
ǹָҺвң㶼ˣԲթթ˭أʮֱֵ̹(())
˹ǵһթôֱ׳ˣһУ
һЦ˵л佱
ˣʲôţҵüһʡһȥ׷ծһ䡣
˹ŷ治֪Լǻ˵ˣ
˭֪Һֲ죡ࡣ
˹ԼٺŮ˵ȥǵɣҽа˹𣬵۶֪ҵ˺٣
̧ն˵ˡ˹֡
ܿһݽܣ˹𣬾()˫sϵ弶ߣһѧԺָϵţ鳤Ĵӣڶսż̳ˣָӹδսۻȫʤͷ岢Ϊ˫
ҲһŰ˹ƬֻͬһսװĲ棬ֻܿӲʣòЩģ
Щ⣬û뵽һôͷ()ݱʵ¡
ԭǰ٣ǵ޳׼Դʯ
ߵסһ˸㰲ŵģŶϢСʱٶ
ݰݣ԰˹˻֣˵ת()˷䡣
ֵ˹ЦҧгݵģҼסˣ
ն˴˸绰ûþһˣֱũ䡣
٣û°ɣһʮҵӣ԰˹ʮֹ
˹ֽ̧ҩƿݸȥٶȻ飬ҽ
ӽӹҩƿպãҪؼ𣿡
ãϮ(qng)λõܵѲ˸ϵҹǿͻϮңû꣡
˹ǿҪü֪ˣ쳹
ǿ޹Ǵɣҷ϶۵壬Ųñ֪Щϼȵ棬ܻɾġ
ǣǰ˹ĸ
ҽ׷ɱҵƬնˣҪ̵ʱڽҳס
¶һĨɱһҪЩ޷()
ǣȥ죡ӵͷ
ߺ󣬰˹()˯Сʱһũɻˣȥסһ䡣
ڲñȽϼ򵥵ķ˹е
ǰĸŮ˼Լ(r)(qng)()߻߻գҲܿ˭һƢ¸
һ11~~
()

156.156 ׵Ĳ

156 ׵Ĳ
һԭʼʳһζȽ㡣
˹վмֺ˸͡
ͷȴˣ٣ϰ˵Ǳңȸʳã
˹һͷߣֱһѣջ˸ղŵĶۡ
Ů˺(ƨp)ȫǸĲҪģ
()ûдӪŷ˵ζ˲ˣǺǱңԷŽ̷ϡ
뿪()߹ȥ
ζҪʳĺʣƽԵԭЩͬ
Ҷ϶ⲻģ˵Ƚϴ
ʮԴʯô󻹲³׵Ĳ
극߳ȥɢũɻĴ඼۵ʿ¡
ؼҵֻܲ()ݺһЩĶһʱ䷢(qng)˿ˡ
쿴̫̫ͷȱȽϻ²ͷҵĹϵǳڿЩˣжȫȷˡ
ũȫ˸û߲˹ϹƷǳĺãɽ˺ܶԭľģһЩϡȱֵģǳãȥ١
վһɽԶϦũŲԶɻ˵Цɵףһܰĸо
ҹɫĺ˹ֻص䡣
²ãһũһ衣
˹üҪǱң
Ǳңлл˺˵
˹һأһǱң
ȫ()ɢǿʢƣͨ˹ƻͲϹսȻеѹȴҲ治ɫ
ϰ˵ϡƷ֣һŶûǱѾǸۿۼˣ
˶ٵҪ㲻ȣҾͶˣ
ǣ˵ϡƷˣôܲأ
˹ǮȥˣȱľǱңתȥ°ɣ
֮ǰԼү߶ͷ֪ŪһֺܺúȻĺ裬Ľʺζʮ㡣
ڲʣǴȥģͷҵĹϵ治һ㰡
һһڣŵڿɢŵüͷɵ滺
ѹԼүӺȹһξ͵ˣĿڸкƽȵܴҲ(ͦͦ)ϲġ
ǱһҲֵãֻô֣ᱻթȥĲˬоأ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

157.157 õǺ

157 õǺ
˹극֮ǰӳڷ
ֱǸ˵٣㲼õʧˣ
˹һڲ裬ûץ
ǵ˹ȥʱ˱һȴˣû׷ϣӵͷص
˹۾ζ˵Ǻ󱳻˰
ܹƤӵˣС
𣿡
һϣǻ֮ǰٱ·ͶӦúϮҲеǣ
˹𷭿ϣû̫õĶҲˡ
ҸĶ𣿡
ӵͷֵһļѾˣǼ鱨棡
ҩǱڣʱڣǻƻ޷ʹãҲŲٶá
ⶾȻͷеĲͬ()ȴǳʮ**ǿǱߵ()ı
˹ָôӣԵĶӣһսż̳ˣ鳤Ķӣڶսż̳ˡͬΪ˫sϵߣűɾ޷õķϲģƱػɿֻš
һսź͵ڶսŵļ̳ˣҲƱػ±ӰǺܴġ
һǴõǺ⣡
ҩЧȫ˵ˣǸŮҽϹȻмˢӡ
ⶾнҩ𣿡ĵʡ
ҡҡͷоԺǱ˵ⶾһ޲Һڻûа취óҩ
оԺһרҵƼһˣϴʦһֱֶ˵ϣóƵĽⶾҪϵ𣿡ʡ
ĶҪǲϿпǷһˣѽⶾ
˹𴽱һζĻȣʣ֮ǰǲв鵽ũֹ
гֹĺۼ١ӻص
˹Ų豭ȥϵˣҵĶ˻æ⣬صעĶ򣬻ǸŮԼ塣
ĶرѹסҲӦֱˣѹԺͽϵĶ鱻ƻ֮һֱûٱԭء
ôأ˼֮̽ġ
ǣٲ˵ģҲ̽
ڶһ磬˹()ûãũ˹
٣ϰҪ𣿡
˹üǶǱң
ǱңϰʳͣҪԿԹȥ֪ͨ뿪ˡ
()

158.158 ˣ

158 ˣ
˹üͷû֪ǸŮҪթˡ
٣һ裬Ůһ׬ʮǱңȻǸĵġ
˵ͣ˼ֺ棬˳֮ǰ˵ʳ˹ȥ
ʳãѾ˺üˣó󲿷ֶʿǿȥ״̬ܺã˵Цġ
˿ȥЩڻƶġ
Ҫ֪˹ͨ۲׼ȷжЩ˵()ݣԻᾪһ£ָϵš
˹ޱ(qng)˶ɢһȻȻĹԭ˵Ц˶ͣ
˹ߵſڣϵһΧȹʲôԶŵһ㡣
ȫעţüȾδ΢Цվﾹһůĸо
ܿҡҡͷŮ˾Ǹĵģôůˣ
ʶѾ˰˹𣬲ȴûòŲͷ
ܹҵգǱұˣ
˹ƤЦ()ЦҪúóǱҵʲôζ
ԭʳĲһҲһǱҡ
Ц㱣֤ٻ¶٣
˳ȥɣȻԸæļˡ
Χȹ£Ű˹˵һС
ܿ죬ϹࡢϹϸ⡢ز˰()Ϻȡͷ
һߺһ߼һϺȡ
Ա߼ѸٵĿǴһٶȿľˣһϺж¶ɫ
ÿγСķҾ;̹
ǰʲôҸ˵СķҸ
һ̲סԾĿ޳ڣһÿͻһǣҲҸʱ̫ζûУ
֪ΪΣͬϹͰӣζҪһء
˹ÿ궼ȥսдһʱ䣬Ӵʿܶ࣬ɻûһ档
ǵڶսĲмʿٴμʱһֳݣɻ졣
̧ΪԼҨһϹ࣬һԾ滺˼֡
ּһҧʵ߲˻()ζƤںɿڣ
ǰżҲӣȴϲԣȴҧһھϲˣζȻô
ܿ죬ϵĶһɨ⣬˴Լ֮һʣµĶ˰˹Ķӡ
()

159.159 ôôѸ㶨أ

159 ôôѸ㶨أ
֪ʳ˭ֵסޱ(qng)С
ôͲɣ
˹ŵĲ˲죬ǶپЩֵǱˣ
ͺͣǲӦöҲˣͬʳģĶζܴ
ʧЦ㣬ҲմǵĹѣ³ɾͲǱˣ
Ҫ٣˹ʡ
Ʊ˱ȣǱңҪ֧Ļҿ緹㿪С
˹֮ǰתʱӹնˣԥת˶ʮǱҸȶˣ
ŮǾԲͬģҲȱǱңǲԼˬڵ㡣
ڱȥģһҲ
ôˬ죬һķ˭
ȻҲۼľǷԷ־˵ܹǲͬġ
УԺԷʱУñǰСʱ
˹üΪʲô
ΪΪ㿪Сŵ˲ζǻ𣿡
Լũ˻ǷǳģҪ(qng)е࣬Ҳûʲô
˹ԼЩ֪ũɻˣԵĿɶӪũԵøֲʳķһμũ춼ԭʳĹӦġ
Щ˲Żôôأ
вһ£ҲûôôС
ͣ˹ʳá
ԴʯѾ׼ˣǵøһҩѾ˽ҪԴʯ͹ˡ
˸ָôˬ첻ˣ
緹ϵط㻻ҩҩ
˹̽Ŀ㻹ҩʦ
ô𣿡Ƴһۡ
˹ü㾫ǲܶ𣿻ҩ
ͬüŲ𣿡
㣡˹һҭһСƢôôأ
⣡ߺߣǼķʽô죬㻹ָԴΰɣ
˵һˣصȥ
оԼܿͻƵ㣬ϣͻƣȥѧУҲܶ༸ֱϡ
뿪ıӰ˹һִܸУŮôôѸ㶨أ
һûд꣬ʮˢ~~
()

160.160 ȻΪ

160 ȻΪ
Ϊ˹˸СǱҵķϣŪһһ㡣
˹ͺҲΪʲô֮ǰ˻ôƳĲˡ
ԹĲˣȥĹŵԭʳĲɫоȫθˣ
˹ҩָһ֧ҩ
˹Ҳ֮ǰ˵õģʮԴʯ
֮ǰҪǶԱȵүӵƷѻÿӣ޷óҩĶأʮcԴʯʵ
ȻԴʯûطȥҽεˣǲҪޡ
ҩһǶ¥
˹ŲԶũζ˵ũֲٶȺܿ찡
ȵķֲﾹһأٶȼֱδżδ
û뵽һĹ۲ôһϾͷũܡ
Ҳ׼Щ˺֪̽Ļǿ
֪ΪʲôҪԴʯ𣿡
˹Ӧܿ죬㲻ңֲôԴʯйذɣ
ͷ㣬ԭ򣡡
ôģ˹̽ʡ
ǰɴû˵ԴʯԴֲԭֲоԺרҿ϶ͷˡ
ЦȻΪˣ
ҵĸǹżӦֲ֪вٵķţԴʯһִ󷨾ͿԼֲҲƻֲӪûκα׶
˹ü󷨣ǹŵʱڴģ
ͷ԰ҵĽҽһǹŵʱڴġ
ĸ˦̫ˡ
Ȼ⻰˹û̫໳ɣʵĽҽ̫ˣĸ崫еģطҲѧ
ĸûչ¶ЩǸҩʦǲĸ̾
ĸһλ׵ҩʦҲһҽֻǹҽû˵ʲô̫ɾֲͣʳҲûó
̫ˣ۲˼һǿ򽻵ҪСġ
ĵйҽֲҪ츳ģôֻһϸ񣡡
˹Ҳо˲ٹŵʱڵĶҽȷʵҪ츳ҽв˭ѧ˾ܾͨӦõġ
ǿ
ЦЦȻ
˹Ů˳ţҲȷʵǸ¡
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~дŮ~~~
()

161.161 治һĺ

161 治һĺ
ڶ죬Ϊ˹ҩһҩ
ҩڵĶؾȫɾȻҲˣ
˹˺ڣǵһαȴҲȽӲУһ뿪
ƽῴİɣʡ
üûк֢ٿˣ
ǣ֮ȥæ˻򲡵һЩˡؼ뵽ģֻǸʱʶҲûῪڡ
쿴û򲡵ȷʵʹ࣬ԣҪѧˣĩԼɡ
νĻ򲡶ȶɵģʩչʱͨٵȵȵһ()࿴ˡ
˹ôˬӦ£ǿķô㣿
ǰʺãֱŮ˿һʡ
ﲻ֪˼ֱ׵˵ģ֮ǰԴʯշֻٲˣ򲡳һǧǱң֮ƺѵľҩǮ
Ҫ()򲡵Ļÿ϶ȵүӵıˡҽϲĲȡ
ȻǶ԰˹ָвĴǱҪ׵ġ
˹º˼֣ãܺϵ
һѧԺҲҪѧͬùУ
ͷţ
ˣǸҶ߲˹Ϲ𣿡˹ҲȥүӺ̫̫
żɽ˵Ҷޣ֮ǰظҪҶûҪǼӼҿȳһи㡣
߲˹ϹͶԭҲ׼ģҪĻͬӼҾ㣡
թװ׵ġ
˹һˣŮ˲һĺڣУҼӼۣ
򲻵ܸ߼ȥͷֺ̫̫Ҳ
Ǯˬ죬Ǹˣϲű׻ˬ츶Ǯķ
˹һͷߣ˼ǻǮˬ죬Ͳˣ
Ըũ˺ܿȥժʵˮ߲ˣְ֮ǰƺõĺװһУװһºУǷܵİᵽ˰˹ĳϡ
ģ޺õĳҲ˻
˹ʮǱңȻûۣȴ治һĺڣ
ˣϵ򿪴ӿ
ڰ֣߲ͣҪ߲˹Ϲ˹򣬼۸ˣҲǿģ
ôķһôأ
˹˲˺ڣŮ˻ˣټ
˴ӿų뿪ˣ
ϴзҲͷһ飬ոдһųȥдĻдʣµģĵĺۣʣµ17~~~ˣĻĳսսսսţѧУҲĳڶѧԺְְֵҲĳԣ֮ǰдĵжǳ壬뵽һҲǳ壬ҶᷳˣҾȫĳǿˣǲӰĶôô~~~
()

162.162 

162 
˹뿪ũѲһ飬Ըֲƻ
ħյԴʯԽ࣬ũľϵԽֲ࣬ﳤرãȥˮģĴһ˿
ƷֻǺܶ࣬׼
֮һȫֲˣûĵʳϲ㣬ҲֻЩʳǮˣһƻ
ûʲôʱ׿ң̫˶ϻ죬ôũҪ
ⶫܶʱô(ͦͦ)ġ
رϢ磬ȥ˳׼һũˣҪȥѧУˣĩܻ
ս꣬˽
СС㣬һŮһ˧㣡Ӵʱ䳤ˣҲôС
һ㶣漴²µ˭ˣȥ
ߵũſڱһһŮ˵
ݿʴżֵɵŮĴһ()ɫսװò˧·һʢҰõ塣
尼˹ҽã
ҽԾգջص۶үү(qng)󣬱ݷ㣡ԱߵĴŮ
΢Цλã
Ծպ͵үӸ(qng)Ƚ֮ǰүүȻͻ򲡲û˵һҽȹһҲٶȸ˻
ǰ춼£ųԼүүĹҽû뵽ôᡣ
Ц˫ҽãлүүðݷôţҪ⣡
ԼһˣҲȽϲ۵ŮҲû£㲻ϴţ
λùҸãҪǲһ𣿡оԾղֽ(qng)()ӣų롣
ԼȽϲ
ô˵۾(qng)ðϴγĶˣҿһֱġ
Ծյ()ӺˬʣǾʹˣ
ؼ̫̫ٵһ磬ѾȦﴫˣͷ̫̫Ƕ޲ڣСǳԹҲ߶ζûԹȽϺ档
Ծƽϲս⣬ڶϲõľʳˣȥܶѰƷʳĶڴɲˡ
˽ʳãһ
պ˼ҳͷ()ѳС()ը()ӣȫǼҳˡ
׷⣬׶Ǹģ̲סˡ
״̬̫ãȷһţ1810Ҽ~~~
()

163.163 Ķһ

163 Ķһ
Ųٰžͽ
˸£ũɻ˶ϴ½˽
ԾտЩ˺Ͱ˹һ£ũɻĴȻʿһЦ״̬ܺá
죬뻹סûʡ
ΪˣȼһһЩҳСˣҲ֪ϲϲ
尶һҳ۾΢΢Уϲ̫ϲˣȻôζ
ԼҵܵǳʳԾҲһƷüչζ
˹ĿˣҨһ뷹ͷϵǱţӵٶȴܿ죬ȫͣĽࡣ
ǱũҲԵú㣬ļͰܿͼ˵ס
Щ˸ɻҲܴǰǳӪԴӿһũԭʳĲˣҲղסˡ
ҲƽЩԵɻҲԱ˵Ͷ̫󲻻㣬˵ȴС˼߲죬Բġ
Ա߼һĲɫһһ𳴳ģԾս־˾
Ҳ̫ˣ԰סȻԭˡ
Ծϲʳԭʳĵļ۶ҲЩ˽⣬˵߳ĳգЩ˵ʿɿڳ̶ȣǶһݣóȥ۸ȳеĸ߳һԺ
ÿٶô𣿡һС()һڷ̧ͷʡ
Ц˵һͺͶĲһܹ³ˡ
İ﹤ʳҲ̫ˣҶˣּһӡ
ѹֻһĿҲζ֮ǰΪ⣬֮ͻȻҪŲߵĳ嶯
Цҿ벻λү
Աߵũɻ尵Ļ׷׽ֱֱũĸĶһݡ
Щ(r)ӹһʿǣ˼ϲϰСȴܸɶҲãһ(r)͵ıɿڵԭˣѿҩʼѡ
Ǻͻѵ˵˵Щ˶ˣ
ЩԶˣԳӶܻ࣡
Ц˵һ㶼ֻùһ(r);У
ԴԼүүԾĴż׽
Ծͷһ£ɾͿѧˣ
ҿ̹ҲǸԻȫĲˡ
ʧЦǵż˵ɡ
()

164.164 ĵһŮ

164 ĵһŮ()
һþҽܳԵöӶˣָرʮ˵ĺ衣
һڲ裬ԭү԰ڵĺ裬ȥİ
үΪǵһѣȹͷ̫̫߶үҲ⡣
ЦЦҪϲһҲлȥ
ڿ˳۵ˣͱȽϴˣԼҪһЩϵȻܾá
Ծպϲ㴼ŵĲ裬ǾͲˣ
СҿܺԵԺҪǱ۸ˣˣҰͷߵ()Ц˵
˱ʳ⣬Ƚϲͬˬʵ()
Цð
˵ԾŮϲսƢ𱬣ġ
͵ԾԽԽͶȽйͬĻ(i)ã尺涼岻졣
()ΣЦʡ
Ծջص񻹲Ƕ㣬Ժ㾡ң
()Ӿ(i)ģϲĻرãϲҪᣬҪֱӶᡣ
ԽԽϲ֣Ư()ӻθڡ
ҲȽϲԾֲĨǵģðԺҪʲôˣСҲʱũժ
ʲôС㰡Ծմֵ˵ֱվͿˣ
СԷûëȻҪ꣬ɽսе㲻ζǽдͷһ
ʧЦУҲһˣգ
ͶˣԾոõ§§ļ
ЩȣټŮ()ôѺء
()ȷʵϲҪŤŤߺ()ģл˼Ҿ͸ˡ
һᣬɫĺ춼ҪѧԺ()뿪
͵ſڡ
Ծĸ첲˵ҪһѧԺɣүүУתѧûġ
ڵڶѧԺ(ͦͦ)õģҪһȥ˵ɡܡ
һѧԺõѧԺͶѧǸ󣬲ƽѧľ()ݽȥ()ݵ׵ĴڣûȤ
ڶѧԺȻѷһҲһУյѧԳɼ츳ΪΧϲ㡣
()˫˫ѧУУĻᣬ˵Ҳ(ͦͦ)(qng)ζģ뻻
ԾҲǿУҪתѧʱϵңĩһڵ۶һȥȥɡ
ԾĵһŮ()ѣЦŵͷð˳ȥΪүӼ()壡
ãϵ㣡Ѿն˺š
ã
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~¾ȥѧԺˣҪʼⷢ(r)~~~
()

165.165 

165 
ڶɫ㿪ȥڶѧԺѧڿѧ(r)ӡ
ѧһѧѾйҪǻУȻϵĻεĿˣۺѧĩˣųһΡ
ѧĩתϵģûлᡣ
ûйأҲʧˣбȰ˵ģеϵģҲҪ·䡣
ѧУȥ˺ڰ칫ңѡ֮Լǩսָƺ֤ͫȻȥµᡣ
ѧԺ޵ıȽϲСС߲㣬Լľѡ
ѧԺѧϰʱ꣬ҪУʱ䲻
һѧڿתϵ֮ͲˣҲѿһס롣
֮ǰԭУ׻ѡľС˰˹һѣеǱҲ٣һѧǱҵСסġ
ֵ17Կ״Žȥһ¥
һǿͳҾߺþһӦȫ
¥䣬ճǩסѧʮ**(qng)һϵġ
ѧУǹǩ䣬ȻÿϵѧòͬϵһЩ͹ͨ
ƺ010203鵽03ָƺͫ׽
Ŵ򿪣һС(to)䣬ҡС鷿ñԡҡ
ûȥ¥֪Ӧ۵䣬ʵҡҡ֮תÿһ䡣
ǱһѧڹҲǹ(to)ʩϣסѧҲС߲һ
·Ʒãһ¥
ò¥
һ()ĸòʴż欵Ů˽
һ㶣Ȼ󷽵֣hiһΪԼĵһء
ɣ
Цŵhiʶң
(ͦͦ)гģҼסҪϴʱ
()ȽϿʴ󷽣ǰ֣ǲϵˮһޣܸܺһᣡ
ֺգǺϵҲܸܺһᣡ
Ѳദġ
̸䣬ٴ
һͬ䴩ɫУŮ˽һͷɾĶ̷ò䡣
һǺˣȻֵѧУһס
ˮһ޼кhiܸ˼
Ҳ֣ϵǿŮ˵սҲŵǰĴڡ
1130~~~
()

166.166 ϵѧԺۺ

166 ϵѧԺۺ
ǳһȡ
Ǻãǻϵϣʱദ죡
ϰ֮Ĺϵദľͺܲ죬Щ϶(r)(qng)˽ȴ˵̫(qng)ȵȣɵܲϲ
ǲϵˮһޣ
ЦǺϵϣദ죡
ദʱ䣬Ҳϣ֮ܺгһЩ
()䲻Ƕ໰()ӣȥǲദ
˶죬к֮ȸԻطʰ
ʰ꣬˵һˮһһԷӦ㾶ֱȥ˺ϵڵĽѧ¥
ϵһһٶʮѧĻεĿ¥ʱΪʮ㡣
߽ңѾ˴ˣ뽫ĿתƹŸӡ
ʵϴεˣµӡ̫ˣ˭ѧԺ츳ϲġ
ԭ()Ϊִתϵͬѧ֮伸ûҲϤһλ¡
½˽ÿ˶ῴһͬŸӡ
ʮϵʦ˽һȥʮҵºӡ
һµļڲҶ˲٣ڹûǺģ
ϻҲ˵ˣڽǵն˿ʼĻεĿԣҪвٲѧڻޣϣȫء
ҲϵѧԺۺϣԴ
ǣѧ˷ܽţҲѧͷɥ
ն˵뵽ѧԺĹֵ˺ϵĿԷҳ
ϵصΪҪϺ󷽵ĹչѧѧĶҲȽ϶ӡ
ѧѧĿĿҲûзֿǺϲһԾϣѡҲʴ⣬ʱСʱ
ļĿҲһģǰͽѧѧĿγȫһ飬ԾϵĿñȽϼ򵥡
ɨһ۾Ϳʼ⣬ȴкܶѧ¶Ŀôôѵı(qng)һĿࡣ
СʱͽԾȫύ
ʦԾѾύ뿪𣿡ڵ
θղҲȥεԾas֮䣬ѶǱȽϴСʱڴѧ˵ԲȻǰСʱͽˣЩȡ
㶼ˣ
ͷţ
ζҲǺϤǵתϵʱһ()У(i)˵μӼڸҲȽ̸һη
ϴι˳ɼΪԼˡ
()

167.167 ѧԺ

167 ѧԺ
췢˶·ɱһ()Ѿʧֻ˿ȥлһס
ҲͨϾѧڶ˵ܴܹ̬תǺ£ҲȽѧ
뿪ԼҾܳɼԹע£
()΢Цõģ
ѧ뿪˾ôôˣѵҴ
ѧĳɼֻеȣϵֱ֮ӵףвٿγûȥϣԴҶһΪǷˡ
ﶼЩôĶԴԣҪǳɼһͿǻǺϵƽɼġ
˽ңҲûᣬǹУ԰
ڶѧԺܴһطȥһطҪУҲȽֺ¡
ʮʮ֣ȥѧԺĲ
ҪӪΪʳҲвƽϲòͣرѧУһ۲ڽ(qng)
㣬ʳķˣԷѵģЩͥȽƶѧ
¥ԭʳķˣ۸ԱȽϹˣҲǮѧƽ۲͵ĵط
ʱˮһ޺Ѿˡ
ˮһֻ̧˻ӡ
߹ȥ£(ͦͦ)ģ
Ҳյʲô˾ܵ㣬ͣˮһ޽˵ݸ
Ҳ(qng)ӹ˵Ѿ˺üˣˣ
Ϊ˻ԭգ֮۸񲻱ˣѧԺõǹŵʱڵֽʲ˵ˡ
ˮһЦʣǿô
У
ЦЦðɣ
ˮһ޵ϵݸǣȾٱԤףǶȡһóɼ
Ҳٱã
ʱˮһ˵䣬ż˵һ䣬()ͬĵĻ졣
Լʮң˲½
˳ζЩһѾʳĺһ㣬ŵҲ١
ˮһͣǶòһһ˵㡣
ˮһ޺Ѿϰķˣûʲôо
˱߳ԱģһЩ
¥ò͵ѧҲԽԽ࣬˿Ҫʱ˹
ⲻȻû֪֮ȥѧڵ˫ϵdʷ츳ѵѧԺΪ׵һߵǰʮ㡣
һ»ûд꣬12~~
()

168.168 ôܣ

168 ôܣ
̧ͷ˹ȥеӡԴϵѣѹֻԼĲ硣
ɨɨĵ˫ϵ츳սôսң
ҪǶѧˣӦñȰˣ
˾ǸߣΪѹ
Ҳ磬Ǽӱȥ
ƽû뵽ŵķɫ˳츳սٲôҲ˫ϵdͨ˶ǿ
Ҳ֪ʲôֶöѶ˳ԼȴһڶĳɼǿɲϣһԲԼˣҲΪԼŮѱƽ
⻰ˮһ޺üͷôôû׼˵ȴվ
ɫƽ䵭ĿŶԷҵĳɼβҪϣֻѧԺϿɾˣ
ŮԼʵñҰҧ˳ﲻˬ͸ҵĲ磬̫ȱٽѵˣ
ȱѵˣô㻹ѵң
ƽЦһζʮ㣬̽ķϲôѧʶȤˡΪϴˣֶε˵ڶܵ⣬ۺײ
תϵ˵ȥ˳ɼƶǵ׵ģƽһۺ϶أŸʲô
Ļ䣬ͻȻ˵ɳȥײ˺ϣȻҽһ
ƽһˣԷϷѧҲˣ
ƽa()bȴһ߷ɣⷢչòе㲻԰
ƽҲû뵽ô֣úܶöԷԼעȶˣű߷ɵģȭͷȥ
()Ķ˺ƽĹٴֽ߷ɡ
ƽŭɫȻ򲻹ϲģ̧ý()˽׶ɻ
ڳ˿һĻֻˣٶüͷ
˴򲻹ȻҪʹܣ˼ŮȥǴҪ
Ҷ֪Ѿ䵽һ()Ҳֻd׶Ƕ㲻ȥ
״()׼ȥæֵȴһ
ֻ̧־ֱץס˷ɵǰĽ׶Ȼһӣ׶ͳ˶ȥ
ƽ()ڱ׶Уǲҽһ
һĻڳ˶ˣȻͽֽ˶ܽ׶ôܣʵǰǲҲš
ȥźƽ˼ţҪ()ȴȫ()һûУɫ˱䣬ҲһĪĿ־֮ġ
Ůôô˲˵˲ֶβŵ˵ڶǸ
˼мһде⣬ɾд͵ˣĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

169.169 ̫а

169 ̫а
˼״Ҫȥæ
ǸҶһԣǰ档
ˮһҲߵԱߣ붯˵
Ϊѣôܿ۸߹¾ս
˿˶ʱһλǻϵŮǿ϶򲻹
ˮһɢҲǿ붼˺һȻǰæˣ
˵ƽ߷ɱᣬǺս࣬ҲķݣղŲ˶ˣ
ԭڵ˰æĺƽǶˣɫǱһֵ(qng)
˺ƽ(Ѩxu)λһȥ֮һڱ֤ȫ()۵û
漴һŲ()ڣ˵˭Ƿ
о()Ϣȫ()۵ƽͬһˣңǷ
´βˣҰɣȻıȽ϶ϢÿҪܲˡ
Ů˵ĽŲҲأ̫ܵаˣ
ɣ
ƽ()ȫ()۵Ҳˣ첽Ŵȥ
ڿҪʱͻȻͣסŲ˵ɽŵһˣźͬѸ뿪
ٶ׽Ŀ˳һȥţһϴ˵ضźӵ()ꡣ
ܿתĿ⣬üͷ΢΢ûˣûнԹ˵Ϊʲô
ϴκε(qng)ԺѲ˸ϵúúȥһˣ
ն͵һ()꣬ת()Цŵ˼ǳԷˣ
ղվľٶӮĺøС
ˮһްڰ֣û£˭뵽ִ
ղ˵ӻ˧ʱȽţû뵽һԲϾͿᣬϲ
Ҳһ㵭Ц⣬ûʲôĶԣ
ָðͰ()Ҳ˼ϲ
ƽôһ֣֮Ĺϵ˲١
Ҳһսܿʹ˵(qng)
s츳ˣ䵽dսҲ
أõڶ˽´ˣʲôֶ׵ġ
ôܣѧУĵʦֲɵӣмء
ųˣֶ״Եˣʮ**Ǻ۲ˣ
֪ѧԺۺǶ٣˿ǵڶ
˵ںϵǵ׵ģҪǿĻһˣ
ҿҲǣ
ô˵ҲϣԼ˫츳䵽dɼߵģ
ò״̬ãСʱ˲īһȥд飬Ȼȥ͸͸˯д飬19ɣôô~~
()

170.170 һ

170 һ
Ϣֱӻ˱
һ¥ͻһŸԻط
ڽ㣬ҲǴֲ֣ħľϵĽ
ѧԺĺܶѧȴŲѣһۺϳɼǽѧԺһνȫУ
ңѧУĹ½ųÿϵĳɼϵҲ⡣
㿪֮ɼԺܳɼ
𾪵ǣڵһľȻѧڰ;תѧƲԶǵ׵
ǰɣĻɼȻ֣ǲϵͳˣ
ҵ죬ٷֵĻܷ֣ڶٶ֣ôһ㶼ѧ
һϵͳˣû˵˭Ļֵܿġ
ԣȥվͶߣõʦ²һľӣôѵ⣬ô֣ܿ
ܿ죬ϵĲѧǶȥվͶߣõʦǲٷ
ĳɼųҲ˵ʦһ֮ǰͺʵ飬ȷֲŷ˳
ѧͶߣרŸվͳƵĵʦֻȥϵΡ
ϵҲû뵽ԼҺϵܳһ֣ر˫ϵ츳䵽dģȫ̫־ˣ
ԵľԼļ࿼Ƶϣ˼ƾʵˮƽ֣Ǿġ
ǣʦҲϵܳһҫɲЩѧ֡
ϵλԾͼ࿼ƵһݸѧУ쵼Ǳ˭ɲˡ
ܿѧԺۺϳɼһͷ塣
Ȼ񣬲ѧУǱԾ290֡
ɼʮ֣˳˲еһ
ֻһؿƵͿ࿼Ƶȫһ𹫲˳ϵѧҲͶߡ
ۺĳɼһѧУըˡ
˵һڴ˵Ԥ֮е(qng)ǲֻǸУԻǸѧԣɼһֱǰé
Ȼеһúܶ˲û۾
ҵ죬ǲǿˣ
˫ϵ츳dķϲģȫУһ(qng)Կ
Ƶûˣֶףĵһʵ飬Ժ˼ҷˣ
ȿȣҲǱ˴źǸźġ
һˣ˵ľ
ţ棬ܹͷ岢ŵһŮˣˣ
һǾ޷ʹõģ̫־ˣ
ˣ״̬̫ˣ20ˢɣҼ((Ʊ))~~~
()

171.171 ʵ

171 ʵ
ɼʱ˴һ࣬˵ˣֶο׵õĵڶһϲôôͨء
Ȼ˿ɵʱԼҲòϸ˵бۣܶҲ˵
ѧУĹϹƵҷĿ鷢û˿⣬()ζһͲͲ׵ġ
徫޷ʹܺҲǿѧУ꼶ЩߣҲ䡣
Ƶܴ֮ǰзĴԲơ
ҲŻ꼶ѧѧǶ֪־
ˮһ޿ѧУۺҲ˾ĳɼʮ
()ȥš
ֹͣЦʣôˣ
̫ţˣˮһ۾ġ
е£ʲô̫ţˣ
ˮһ޾Ŀ㿴У𣿡
ûУҸղ˯ءҡҡͷ
ˮһ޼Ӻ棬Щ˵󰡣ѾԤϵܿһˣ
ʵ˵Ծȫ˳ڶԤǰôܲˣ
ˮһĴָţ
ȫУֻĻγɼ֣㴴У¼ˣεԾѶȻءԭôܿôţģǣ**סˡ
ЦҼȽϺãܼסˣ
εԾѶȴҪ֪ʶ̫ɢˣѾ鼮֮ǿȻɡ
ֱѧ񰡣ˮһ̲ס̾
ܼסˣⲻѧԣ׵ѧ
˵Ҳ˳
Ҳ(ͦͦ)ģȫУˮһЦҺܽҵһѧһѧԣ
ǵģĻεĳɼ΢ϳɼ
ðɣҶɼ(ͦͦ)ģ΢΢һЦ
ϵܳɼǵڶܽܡ
ǰڵʱѧÿζȫУһϰˣҿ
ȥͿԼͷ岢еһȻԺܶ࣬ǹġ
ɨһ飬ֺܶ˶ᵽˣֶ׵(qng)
۾˭ڴˮ
˾Բֻǿ˳ۻߺ۲Ҳļһߺеϵ
ˮһҲЩԣθɵ̫ƯˣݺݵĴ˵Щ˵
Щҥʹģʵܰ
()

172.172 òҪʧ

172 òҪʧ
Ҳرᱳ˵лġ
ܾÿ׺ͽҲ(qng)ɺϡ
ѣò鱳˭ɵģˮõе⡣
ͷҲôġ
֪۶ļ̽ȽϺ𣿡ûйⷽĶ
ˮһ޺ԥƼһ¥Բ飬۸ȻԹ㣬Ƿǳף̽öˣ
һ¥רŸ(qng)Ĺ˾𣿡ЩǹżŪġ
Цһ¥ӵȽȫҪʲôֻҪ۲ΥɵģǶӣ
ô˵˼ֺ棬ҲǵĹ˾ɣ
Уһѵַ귢㣡ˮһޱȽ(r)(qng)˵
ЦôϤûֵ֧һ¥ɣ
ˮһ޺ٺһЦǣҿǵһ¥ҷۣ
Уһȥпͷ
ˮһź˵ϧܳȥhiȻǽԳȥףȡõĺóɼ
˵治Уǿȥľưͣ
ð֪һҺܲȥ棡ˮһޱȽ(i)棬Щ·
ǰѹϵãûһȥͷУ
Լϵʱеĵص㣬ָԻ˷䡣
ص䣬նյ˲ףصϢϵеʦģϯġ
Կ()ˣòĶظһлл
ڵڶѧԺĸϵ˵Ǵ̼ܴһ죬ȴǺ⡣
صͽ磬ֱӴƵˮһ޷ĵַꡣ
һȽϷĴãһ¥ڶ㣬ֱ
һ㶼ǵһ¥װ޵ķһЩζ
սţһְҵװŮ˹
С㣬ʲôҪæ𣿡
żɽ˵һˣǽӵ𣿡
ҵŮòЦŵͷһ칫ҡ
λСҪˣ¬æ
칫һ۾ӣУ
ߵ£()һȸ
С㣬˭
ڲƬ˳ˣ
ӿ˿Ƭ⣬ṩ𣿡
˵ڶѧԺһҲ֪ˣ
Ҫʲô
Ҫ()ݣԼ˭ȽƵУûе۶ļҵˡ
û⣬߲˼۸񲻵ͣļҲ壬ӶҪʮǱң鵽ڳ(qng)ҪټնʮǱң
УȻǵļ۸еڣͬˣȽʡ£һ¥òҪʧ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

173.173 СĴţƤ

173 СĴţƤ
֧ʮĶȻ뿪ˡһ¥
ͷʽѾûжˣ(qng)Ǯĩũׯÿʼ׬Ǯƻˡ
ճ磬ն˾ˡ
ǷƵͨü۴Цֵ㿪
ܿ촩źɫսװ˧((Ʊ))˵ķٳڷ
Цſڣ㻹ںǿս
彫ñȡ£ǰˣ
ʲôʱʡ
󣬷һֱũһʼ(ͦͦ)ϰߵġ
崽ƻһң
ۺϳɼҲеһˣ
ЦǱȻģ
ѧУϿλ𣿡֮ǰ()ߣôʱ䲻ܾǲ˵ʲôһ
ͷ(ͦͦ)õģ
һóԵģҪˣǳӪԭʳķûûζֻķˡ
ʧЦУһ˵Ļᣡ
һᣬǱ͹ˡ
ϣһȹӽ磬ûǸõǱģ˺š
ԼõĵطһȽϷֽ֣вٵľưɡ
ˮһ޺Ҳ½ˡ
ߣˮһ޽˴ֵһҿȥűȽϵεľưɡ
ǼҵļβõģˮһȻǳͣź߾Ϊǰһλá
ܿ˿ҾưװޱȽʱиУ̨ڳ裬һ㶼֣͵ʱưɱȽ
ºЦʣλСҪʲôƣ
ɫλðɣˮһЦŶ˵ǼҵƼβƣ
ûã
̨λòԶŵʦνɫλõ˳
ĽǶȿַǼβƵĵ⡣
Ϊһʳң˱Ƚ⣬ȻҲ⡣
һڣȻƵȱ(ͦͦ)ġ
еƵļβƺʵζһģǿƷζ飬ֻǲ⡣
ˮһ޺һڣЦʣô
һڷ±ӣаɣ
˿ѣ˵ʵһ㣡
ˮһ޲ʵϲ()ֱˬʵ棬Щαļһ
۾ʣ㻹ȹõģ
ЦҾԼĸúȣ
꣡ˮһ޻δ˵˷һЦ
ɫλֵõļβƣСѾͷͱҴСĴţƤ
1130ôô~~~
()

174.174 ô㣿

174 ô㣿
һȥ˵һŴʱеӡ
()߻Ů˻һѧԺУ
Щǣһװøľ
ľˣӡ󲻶ࡣ
һкû۸߷̹ҲȽ䵭ر츳֮û˵ʲôеԶ׼
ľתͷҲ£Ȼû뵽ղŴ󻰵ĻԼá
ǰûʲôоȴмָӺͲϲ
(qng)˵ˣʹ󷿡үַˣȻͼϾϵúܲԣֻ˹ϵãҲȥʲô
˵ǰʱ䣬ݺݵӣֶļҵôЩˡ
Сô㣿
ĵĴ٣
֮ǰѾ˵ҪļҿɲǿЦ˲ľø硣
ľûкøС
ļҵԴȫб()ϣүӿ˿ԴʯռĸµĹ˾ȣȫ֪ȴӦš
ϱȽϱʵǸ˽αӡ
ľüͷһˣСҲ̫ˣ
ǰϣһļұȽϺгӡ
ȴӣѾļϵʦүѾǩˣ鷳ԺͱǰƸˣ
ļ̫ǣѾùùλʦæͷһϾϵʦ
ͷţҪɫ˼ûļҵɽû죬Ǿǩˡ
ǲ֪ʶô۶ĴãԲǩԺӶܻˡ
ľ⻰ʱӲ̫ÿĳ˵СҲӦһִ磬Ҫ̫ˣ
˸ۣ˭ˣֽ˵Ŀ˵ûǸʸ񣡡
ô˵Ҷø磬ѵ뿪ļңеòû𣿡ľ˼ָ֣û
֮ǰ˵жôţϾӡоǸų()ӣھȻôǿơ
ЦһȻ˼˵ֻͷ˿Ҹ׸ҵԴʯȫã㸸ĸ˿ҵķֺ죬ǿаռҸĸµĹ˾ΪʲôҪòʸ𣿡
ҳ󲻿˼û˵ľðԼŰȫ
˼ĸղͻȻ˵оȥд˵㣬ҷĺĵĸʱ̫ӽһҲдȻͶˡӦðʱҪԺ緢Ҫ緢~Ұддʣµ14~
()

175.175 ܷ

175 ܷ
ֵĽҳڳ˿ľ۹Щͬˡ
رͬһļУѣȫû뵽Ȼˡ
ˮһޱӵĿľܲҪȫѪ氡
ľһһ󣬡ѪˣԼǴ󷿺үү˳۷Ҫ壬ڻˮ
˵ʵôܳϡ
˵Щ(qng)ֲģɲ
ƲƲ죬ΪɵӻϹ㸸һ˽ļҼ֪ҰĲҵǴأ˭ȥһ֪
ľ֪ݺͷҪ˺һ棬ǲҵүүģôǴˣ
ЦһﻻҵֵҰһҵֵʮ֮һҪǱܻ𣿡
ˣЩ²ҲգҲûʲôϵˣԺǱݹϵУ֪ܶʱ㵽Ϊֹ˾ԼȥúԲɡ
ҪǻˣܲὫļҵЩ½¶ȴôΪ
ͷʹľӣߴߴ磬ⲻһʼ
㣡ľֳֺڡ
ɳţֱƿĿ
֮ǰӿֻţƤ(ͦͦ)ݵİ
ղŮ˵һʴʹ
ϲˣܾЩ()(ƨp)£
û뵽ôק䣬˵ʲô
˵(ƨp)£˵ʲô죿ɫĮĻؾ
ѧУˮڳЩ˭ҪһαǺ
һƿ棬վ()ָ㵨ӺܴӶǣ
ͬվǿӲ˵(())ˣҪΣȺܷ
˶棬ЩҲ
ˮһ޺Ҳվ()ȻԷҪȺҲӲܡ
ԶĶ¥˹һҡҡŮƢ湻ģ
˭£˭Ҳ۸
վ()͸Ҳ̫ˣ۸ͷϣҲҴ𲻴Ӧ
ʲôȿ˹
ȿȥҳӣ
˹֪()ӸԿɿôҲվ()УҺһȥɡ
§§ļ򣬡ֵܣ
һ°Сʱ֮~
()

176.176 ҳ

176 ҳ
ư˶֪ŻҵүƽƢ()粻ܻ𱬣˭ǵ˭ᱻʰ
ӻ󣬾Ȼǵͷϣʮ**Ҫùˣ
˳ȴ˿һ
ڻ׼ֽѵ֪ߵغŮˣ˫ʱһ
ôˣ
뿴˹ȥֻͽ߽˾ưɣ滹ˡ
ʱ()Ӿͽ˽ǿгһ˿Цݣ磡
ֱߵǰЦСôҲ
еЦк硢磬Һһ棡
СҲϲȾƣЦʡ
Цã
ҰͽұȽϵóүʶӻ(ͦͦ)Ϥڳ㶡
ľҲһĴͣȫ벻ôʶ۶Ĵ١
֪ҶάҲ(ͦͦ)ϲСģݲ˭۸
ôˣ۸㣿
ʵʼҸղ˵ɫλüβζһ㣬˾ͳڷҴţƤȻ(())ļƣֻˣ
꪿ҵС(ͦͦ)簡
ɫ˱䣬û뵽Ů˾Ȼʶͽꪡ
׼˵ͻȻ̧־͸һ⡣
žޱȡ
һŶ˵˽ӣ˭ȨŻҵŵģ
Ҫ۸СҲҴ𲻴ӦƽЩ˽ŮᣬֱǵĴڡ
ɾȻ۸ͷͲˡ
(ͦͦ)ϲСģ(qng)϶Ҫͷ
˵ôҪ֪ǻҵ۸ˣΪޡ
ͷо()ͺ⣬𩾹ȻΪһŮ˵ڴģ
ȴûκγ뷴˭ûǻ˾ĵӵǸϲ׵˽ӣ˫ֽһֱͷĬ
˼״Ҳ㶣û뵽һĻڻҾȻֵλ
ҲŻ𱬶ˡ
ЦſڣСҪǲˣٰʰ
û
ʵҲЩһΪԼͷЦҡҡͷлл磬֣
尴ʱҲ˹СһղôţôܾôˣҿɲŸմ¥ϸأ
ŭ첽ģԼ˵ĻΪҳӵġ
ڳ˶ٴξ˾ȻʶԼҵλүӹϵҲǳ
Ҳ̫ˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

177.177 

177 
һĿŵĻûɫ˱䡣
ľҲűҷ׷׳ٴڸС
˭һѧԺԺӣ֮иŮĽ㣬ѧԺȫǺߣǣ
һһ()ӶΪ߰ôʶģصôţⲻѧ
Ҳ(r)֣ʧЦʲôһһģһ߿źˣ
ˣ͵͸ӽΪ˵Ĺϵ˴˵ҲһЩ
˵һʱվԼͷȻǸеůġ
Ҳһ(qng)ܲǷͲǷɡ
˵ĳʵϲԼһ
˹ЩҪôһЦŶԵ尵ȱܣ
ε˵Уҿţ
ߵǰղ˵ǴţƤ
ʵѾ֮ǰ죬ô˿ţѾˣҪһŮǰˣôȥ
ǵͷҾưɵɫλõģ˵ûĺúȣⲻǴţʲô
Ȼô˵ҪΣô׬Ǯȥһ¥˵ķãڴˣеԲԼ
һ٣һʵڡ
΢£ΪŮҪ𩼸ѹԼأҲûɣʲô
ͶܲܵڸиõͬɫλãҪˣĲ磬ұ֤Ҳᡣ
漴һתҪˣҾʧѣ
⻰˹ĪЦŮˣǾʧӣ
(qng)ضҪˡ
ҵ˽ӲֵǮǱҲҲر񣬵ʮ˵ҪȥҲ()۵ġ
ڵֵزӲС
ɫλҾưɵƣưͼҪģ¶ʧˣŮôܵһζȴɿڵļβ
ãҶˣԼӮбȽϴţõ尼˲ҲҲá
(qng)ҲˣһҲġ
𩼸ʵҲûףҾưɻǳɫλģ˻Ͳһܺȵ
˵պܺãɵ
ûϵȴ䡣
Цļ򣬡С϶еģ
ҲЦ˵Ǿ͵źȫµɫλˣ
Ҳûףȫ֧ǱģСһӮģ
()

178.178 

178 
ˮһ޺û뵽(qng)ᷢչֵزʵȺ׼
ôðôλ۶һΪĴ٣ȫ(ͦͦ)
ʱҲˣܲ򵥣
ˮһҲЦ˵𣬿϶Ӯ
ѧѧϰȻʵҲûףԼ˾Ҫ
Ҳ΢΢һЦͣ
վ(ͦͦ)ȽкøУ(ͦͦ)ģҲ˾ĵѡ
ãǿŰɣȫ()ɢŵĹâߵ̨
ܽǵĮ̇͵Ʋ𣿡
ʦȻԼˮƽɣǼλ壬̬ȺܺõһƣȻû⣡
ѧϰϰʮʱ䣬оɫλֻ꣬Ҳ⼦βƳΪģɲŮܳԽԼ
ҪҲˣſڿĿ()
ڳ˼ȥ˰̨һɵˣŮ˾Ȼģ浱ɫλôõ
ҡͷȻ̫ˣԼҲ̫äĿˣ
Ҫûл𩼸ţ϶в˷̣Ҳֻ︹鼸䣬˵
ƻϣȻӸַܴҡ˼£ϵӡ
ȥ֮ǰʦַʤһ֮Ŀ
ٶȺܿ죬ҡһǣԭɫľ˲ӵײʼһıɫһԻõĵ߲֮ɫȾλõɫ
֮ǰʦûġ
Ʒֱ˼µһΣڼ
ֻÿľƶ࣬¾ңҲΪԿڸУҪֻ𩼸˳ԣָ˵ס
鷳ÿ˶һȥưɵ˲٣һߵһ˵
ߵͷã
̶žƷڳˣȷȻǻһˡ
尶ƱҡҡƱɫҺ˲˴Ƿһ߲ɫ
ɫŸɫλðʵ˵
źһڣ˲о˵(qng)˱仯΢΢Ķ˶·һƬɫȾ߲ʵλ硣
ȾɢŻ񣬵ɴ۾찡Ҹղŵľоɫλ硣
ô˵һΪ˻ȻʼԴôܣҲЩķ׷׺һڡ
½֮г𾪾ǲţ
12~~~
()

179.179 

179 
Ƶζֻ¿ɿ˺ܶ࣬ҪɫǺȥ֮ĸоɫλ֡
ûڣֻǱ֮ǰĺúȣȫǺú̫ˣʦͻ׵ܣ
ʮΣưÿ˶Ʒˣʦ߶ȵˡ
еľƺ꣬ʦûмδ
λСĵˮƽ̫߳ˣҺȹúȵɫλãΪرϲβƲеģ˲䲻
ЦЦˣ
ˮһ۾ģɲޣɫλҲҺȹúȵľƣ
Ҳͬ˵ֻڸгã˵ĸоĺ
˹˻οվƱڵʵ磬ʱȶԾӦаɣ
ֻ飬ǵľɱϾõ޷ͱӦʵȫпˡ
ôһ˵
⼦βʵܶԾаҲ̫ţˣҲȥʵһ뿴
ЦЦҪǶʵֵԭϣ
⻰ڳ˺ʧֵԭȥң
˹˹ЦЦĿлᣬϣܺȵСļβƣ
˱κõϢ˶֪Ĭװʶ
Ů˵ũвپֵԭϣ϶ʵ
˵ֻҪ۸λ˵
˹΢΢˺Ů굽Ǯȥˡ
ͽҲֻʳȻҲţ
СҾȫпưˡ
ЦżҪʵ翪Ǿ͸ˣ
⵹ǸһЩУ˵лԣ
漴ɫϱ()Ļˣ
Żûţô˿ţϻҲˣն˺Ÿңת˸㣡
Уն˺ȴûмӶԷΪϵˣת˺ͽɾˣˣҸղʹõĵƲϣһ˳µϾһ
ԭ׼Ϊϵˣ˵ã˭֪Ȼ޷˺űԷɾˣˬ⻰ûѪƾʲô
һǲֻܴżҧгݵζ˵֪ˣ
ҲûٴȥͻкһûеõӦˡ
ӦûŵѧУҲ~~~ȥгֻ󵢸ʱ䣬һŻûд꣬Сʱҷ~~
()

180.180 صû

180 صû
ˣľҲüھưɣҪǱ尶Ͽûùӳԣˡ
ǰľܸӺԹĿһۣ֪þȻֶΡ
֮ǰųѵװģصû
һ־ÿϧҪļܴ⼸λٵߣγչҲԽԽ(qng)
׽ľһ˿ľ˵˵ʸ񶼴ﲻ
ļҲʰģ
ȽϲȾƣڶ˵ȫͲ졣
Цǰ˵Сɫλã϶βưɣٵһøǳΣ
Ҳ͵ǰղһ㶼ˣ
Ҳȣ尾֡
ˮһҲ֣Ҳǣ
Щ˶վԼ()ߣȻɨҵˣ̨еƺͳ֭ЦŵУҸǵһɫɣ
ߵ̨ʦóλãĿתضĶ
ܿһϲ㷺Ž⣬²ɫļβƵ߶˹ȥ
˾ûпڸˣֻ۰Ͱ͵ĴӸۿ
һһ͸Զһ
ʱҲ˹£ԼһЦ˵Ҫôι֮źúȣ
нбеĻζƱĴҾͼϲĽ۳һţ˽ɫһ˿˿ýɢ͸ɫĵײ㣬·Ʋһ㡣
Ưˮһ޶žƱ̾
˾پƱһڣͿԺˣ
Ҳ̲סĶƵʻζƱЧȻŪҪ٣ҲƲĸо
ŷ׷׾˾پƱȻһڣʱһĿڸ⣬£·˲ԡȫ()ůġ
Ȼʱůĸоڡ
ţĴָƣҾǰȵǶǼβƣ
ˮһ̫ͬˣǣҰ׺ô꣡
ͽꪲŴָогþƣһǵһκȵָоļβƣֽӦǳ
ü۴Цл佱лٸǵƷ
ٵһɡ۰Ͱ͵ţһֺһڱľơ
ʧЦˣһƣĲ϶
尵ҲʧԺʵ磬ǺȰɡ
󷽵ףû⣡
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

181.181 һԴҩ

181 һԴҩ
ͼһᣬ컹пαλˡ
ˮһ޺Դ̬һûΪʶôλپ͸(r)(qng)룬ñȽ
ôӰ˹Դʯʼ
ԴʯʯͬҲ
һߣꪽһʱ¼µƵ˷ȣ˳˵˵(qng)
ȿƵЩȻƣˮƽһĸߡ
Ҳϲ()ӣô˳(qng)£Լȥһسӣܲ
ȻԼһ˳ӣҲͲٲ¡
룬ƵתԼұܵܡ
ʱպý׷ǿսʣµĶ仨ˮֻٲܣ׷һξܸ㶨ˡ
ҲΪøսĵʿӦͶ򲻻ӵڡ
ս֮󣬷ǿսϴ˸裬նˡ
žͿԼҶ緢ƵȻ˺ڡ
ǸӲСȻҪ۸ŵˣȥ֮ʰǴһ١
ȻƣЩ⣬ɻûкȹļβأˬ
һһʱ䣬һͶӰ绰
նһ۾ͽͨˡ
Ϣʱˣϣͷδɴ˯µģ϶ǲϴ衣
˦˦ͷմӮһսϢ٣
ֳһͷһ΢΢š
üϢ(ͦͦ)ͨġ
ǣ忡¶ί֮ɫƾȻңһεҲǸҺȣ
һͷߣһԴҩˣȻίˣǲǱôҾַֻһسˣ˳һʡ
˵ǰҲûʹһ᲻ư
ίҲܣҲҪľƣȥɡ
ûĵ˵֣ҿɲȥһηͷ
ҪҾľƣ۰Ͱ͵
һôίŵĲϲãڸв˺ôһأҸһоưɶûеļβơ
⻰̹ˣϵίһקģɱң
Һƹ㣿ü
ЦҵĿɲ٣
֡
һЩҾͿɹ~~12ôô~
()

182.182 ˺ϵ¼

182 ˺ϵ¼
ڶȥ˺ϵϿΣٴӭ˸ӵ۹⡣
׼ʱ˽ңЦݡ
ۺϳɼѾŴҶˣ
ϵõȫУۺһĺóɼҲǽУǺϵĵһȫУһ˺ϵļ¼ȹϲͬѧ
εĳɼǺϵĵʦҲŷһѣҲǰһǵ׵ģڳȥ̧ͷ(ͦͦ)()ˣ
ƣҲŹƣѾϢҪǸĽʡ
ЦЦлʦ
ϣͬѧ֣ͬѧҲܷɣεɼȻǵ׵ģѧڵѧĩһܽι
ǣΪҲ˺ϵ˻
Ϊһ˫ϵd˶ܿһôҲӦȡǰһٰɡ
˵£ν뵽⡣
ǺϵҪ𲹸ڰšԱΡЭȹѧڵĿγ̽бȽϴĵ
Ұڹʹʵѵſվ⣬γ̶ˣѾγ̺Ͽʱ䷢ǵնˣչע
ն˿˿γ̣Ȼ˲١
ҩΡսʵѵ׻ЩҲҪѧ̲ס
Ц˵ǵȻϵѧսҲϺȣʵսǶҴȥѧ
ҩѧǻľκͻҪǷҪóҩѡ
׻ҲһһЩ򵥵ά޻Уսʱάʦæ򵥵((co)co)ǾҪϡ
ʦѧأѧԺ˴Ի׶Ǳź(r)Ե̬ȣֻϧ츳ﲻ޷ϵͻάϵ
նַһݿγ̣ڽѡ޿εĿγ̺Ͽʱ䷢ˣҪѧϰͬѧԱѡ޿Ρ
ѧԺһʮѡ޿ΣǱΪ˷Դ֮ѡ޿ζѧԺⷽȽϽܳĵʦṩѧϰĲϣÿһŶȡӦķá
ǰԼ()(qng)ѡ񣬱ֹ쵽0㣬ԼȥУϱɷѣѡ޿βʽʼϣ
ϵĴ˼ͥ(qng)Ƚһ㣬һŻУ˸޷֧
ǵڶѧԺѾǺܲˣѡ޿ȡķñȵһѧԺһ࣬ҲΪչƽѧ
ȻϵһϵһŶ
׷ֿ˿նϵĿγ̺ͷã˵ɫЩѿ
()

183.183 ·

183 ·
ͬ㿪ն˿˿ʮſγ(r)רҵѧҲŵġ
ҩѧάޡʵսѵϷоԴоսԭֲоħ졢ѧŵ֡
ÿһѧƵıѲͬ(r)ŵĻסҩħϵһѧڵıǱңķֱǱҡ
۸ʵѾ˲٣̵Ҳʵá
Ҳ⣬ϾѧԺĿ֧Ƚϴѡ޿Σ̵ʦҲܰװ׸ǱǰзõģоĲϷѵȣʵ׬Ǯ
ҲὫһ˵⣬ʵǵڶѧԺƽ١
ʮѡ޿۾˹ŵ֣(ͦͦ)Ȥġ
׼ʮſζҪŻ˽ڵĹŵ(qng)
οͬѧüģϢ֪Ҳ÷ѧԺڻṩһЩڹѧλҪĿȥϱ
ѡ޿εıҲӺ£ҪӺѧѧУҲһܵʱ俼ǣһȷǿԵʱһǰύ
ύˣҪº󽻲ᱻѧԺĺԺѧԺκθŴƶȡ
ԴұʱҪԼ(qng)ѡ񣡡
⵹һϢµתʱ䣬е˻ܴյѵġ
ϵʦ̵ʵѵΣܿͽ˿γ̡
Ǽʱǲ÷αģѧϰݶᷢնˣǵʽ
һʼЩϰߣܿӦˡ
γ̵İŻɣڿΣһڿΣϢȥѡ޿Ρ
ʵѵһҩΡ
ϢʮӣնҩεĵӿαҪһЩҩĺֲıϺҩ֪ȻҲ٣ûҩ
ţﲻ˾졣
ǻֻ꣬Ⱥһã
û뵽ѡ޿ôһ뱨²Ϸоأ˵߼ĲʦʱȽϸߡ
ҩʦʦħʦĹʲǸߣ
ǿǮְҵѡ޿ζղǮǮȥѧ˵츳Ҳ˵㣡
ǰѾһ·ҪôܴյǱأ
ȥѧԺڹѧְλĩȥ¹Ҳܴյ
Ҹղŵȥˣÿڹѧְλ涼кö˱Ҫޣоѡϵϣ󣬶һ¼ǧǱңҲѡ޿Σ
()

184.184 

184 
ЩǼͥͨƽ񣬼óÿһѧѾѾܳԽˣһѡ޿εķöһѧˣϲ
ô˵ҲԣѡһǧǱҲã
ҲôģղѾˣ
Ԥ£ԼжʮΪѡ޿εıѷﵹһ뷨
ũ֮ջ϶ǳԸģ׼пһУרʵĹϹ߲˺()ࡣ
ΪøܹԵŵʱڵ߲ˮ׼ƽ·ߣʵ׬Ҳ١
ֻù˽˹߸߶·߾С
ǼһδõʳƷ˾ҲԼӹװʳƷŵ
绹ʵ磬ԭͷ̼һò˹Ҳ⻯
ʵ̫ϲϰûˣܾû
ҵЩʿ̫ȥеԱѧԺЩûѡ޿αѵѧǲѡ
Ҫ㵱£ջ֧Ǳġ
ܿϿεʱ䵽ˣҩεһӣյӿαݽֲҩģһЩҩ
ϢصƵͨ
սϺͬģȫԱż١
Լ绰ǵĻȲԾ䣬Ȼ()˷䡣
Ƶͨҡĵôʱϵˣ
ҲȦӣ(qng)
Цʣʲôô𣿡
һۣȼβ𣿡
ȣȻҪˣֱ()ӣʣаɣʲô£
￪һҳУרųũԼʳƷ˾ӹĶ֪Ҫȥ𣿡
ڵѾϰ磬ʲôĶǳйһȦȻݺܿʹԼȥ
翪˳УͲÿˣʱֱӴũС
ЩȣũĶʵÿҲ꣬ؼ֪ȣ֮󿪵Ĺ˽˹ݣЩܶ⣡
Ҳ֪ԼֻȦӣзҵȵ֧֣֮()Ͳȱ·롣
ҲֻǮ˵⣬ϣƽҲżũȳʳġ
֮Ǯˣһȥ򼸸ֲרŸũҵʱĳܴ󣬹ϲȦҲԲôĻ
ħҪɳ׳󣬲ֻҪԴʯҪľϵУôķչũС
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

185.185 Ǯ

185 Ǯ()
û뵽뷨()ΪԵĶӣ˼Ͳپڸ档
(ͦͦ)ģ֧֣
еĵ̲ŽûþѾһգĻֻȥЩеػ߷ˡ
룬ˣҶһأһֱûãҰȥʡ
⻹򣿡
˵ɣ
Ǳҽѡ޿εıѾûˣõ׬Ǯ֧˵ĵϸء
еĵؿɲʵˣһؼǧ׵ģûǮȥ
Լȥ̸ɣ뾭Ƿ(qng)˼ҲǷʲô绥ݻϵóá
ҲǿУԼȥͶ̸ϵҾͺã
ˣĩҲܻˣ
ǿǵҵĵ˺ͼβƣ
ʧЦ֪ġ
ѡ޿㱨𣿡ʡ
ʼ磬ûأ㱨𣿡
ҲûһȥˡЦ
׼ǼƣʱȤһϵҪѡ޿εһ
ʵ˵׼ʮƶ׼Ǽƣ
Щ㱨ôѧ𣿡
ܰҶ(ͦͦ)Ȥġŷ
ԭֻ׼ƣȴıˣҲʮưɣ
üŵҲҪ
ҲǻᴵˣǱȽ츳ġҲʮ㡣
㣬Ǯ()
һȫǷ񾭸Ŵ(r)֡
Цǣ
һ͹ˡ
ȵ½ѧУĹϱǮҲˡ
ıǹģÿһѡ޿εıƵģṫ
ΪһҪǱ()ľ⣬ԽܽǮˣǾûġ
ˣ֪ԼΪʮĿֻһѡ
У԰
Ȼһ()ʮĿǮûط𣿡
ؼ˻Ҳ˵dôҩħơ߼ʻף
ԾǮյûţǮ()
ȫ˷ѣ֪ΪʲôҪʮĿҪ֪ѡ޿ҲҪ˵ģ˲أ¸ѧھͲˣඪ
˵˼Ҷܺϸأ
ʲôЦǰòǱƵģòƻһƿ˲񣬱ʮƻ뼰񣬳ǾţǶģ
Ƕ
һ±ʮĿѧǻãʦеˡ
12ôô~~
()

186.186 Ǻй

186 Ǻй(qng)
֪УΪʮըˣ֪Ҳᡣ
Ϊ˵ɫ۹ٱƣൽʱóɼǣ
ȴһƵ绰
ܿ죬ȳǰʱһ۾һļȥĶš˹Ŀݡ
Ҳѹֵ۶ôŮ˻Ƿɶ˻һֻҪõٵ
С£۾ȡЦʡ
ʵͷе(qng)ҪͶ̸̸֪ʱ𣿡
УЦ˵Ҫİ칫ңǵ̸ɡ
óҪ̸(qng)һ˵
Ҳõ̸ãţ
˶磬շȸĵַ˹ȥ
̧ͷͼһʺĴãϼšĸ˵һ¥Ƿϵġ
ߵſڣһְҵװòŮӭ
С𣿡
΢΢һЦǣ
С㣬¥ϵ㣬ŮǷȵ̸ֹȽϺ塣
ݵ˶㣬ֻһ칫ңǴ򿪵ġ
׼ţѾ˳ЦС(ͦͦ)ģ
ȥɡԸ
ǣܣܿ뿪
ﾪȲѣСʲôֻ÷ܷԸȥˣԵ칫ſڽӣǺй(qng)
ͷһ˰칫ңƤɳϡ
Цʣȵʲô֭軹ǿȣ
֭ɣĲͿЩл
()һ֭Сʲô𣿡
Ź֭￪һҳУרųũʳĵȡ
Ⱥͷ˵˲ĻũʳƷʺܺãÿҲȥǹ˾ÿ춼ṩһԭʳķˣ㶩һء
ʵ֮ǰ붩ˣᣬô˵ͳûҪ
Ц˵Ҫȫû⣬ʱҽũʳ嵥г㣬ÿ컻Ŷ
ҽƱػũģʱгܾͻᱥ͡
ҿҪһƽļ۸ò˶ܳǵʳģƳһЩɫ˵ôһζһ¹Żʳ
Щ뷨ó㣬Цʣ뽫Żʳ󣿡
()

187.187 ɲһû

187 ɲһû
γĵͷ
ôģ
ȻһˣҲԵĶӣֹۻеġ
Ҳ(ͦͦ)뷨аļƻ(ͦͦ)ġ
ػأǴˣһͶ
Ц˵¹һػδʹãԾû򣡡
ûУȥҾͺã
żɽ˵ϣ˵()ݺͶ̸κε(qng)УԶʲôҪҲɾᡣ
֪϶ǴԼǸ첲յĵܵܿ˵ģ̬Ⱥʹ·ܶθڡ
ܶʱǹ˽˽ֿʡȥ(qng)鷳ҲôҵĹϵ־á
Ͳȴܶ(qng)ʡ
ǿ׼һҽҩʵصģרоҩҩá
ȽϴҪǵָһ㣬߲ù滮ǱҲӰ졣
漴һתպչһҹ˾һУλҲԭ˽һֳģھɡ
ûûװ޻¾Ϳˣ
һϲֳɵȻãҪȥյϴҷµǿλЩƫ˵㡣
϶ãҪôأҪĳֳһԻߺܶ࣬Ҫֲռˡ
ٸҲ϶ûֳ׬ǮϾԷȵ϶⡣
Ц˵ѹƺͽҼĶҩˮƽǱ֮ͣҽƸҵҽҩ˾Ϊʡ
ҲģֻҪÿΪṩһûеҩϵҩҲУЧҩ䷽ɣһᵥٷֳ֮ɡ
Ҫо䷽ҿǱһԴʯһ()ҩҲԸٷ֮ʮֳɣΣ
ˣȻҪ˵()̸ȻҪվԼĽǶ̸
ҲǶء
֮ǰ֪ҽҩϺ츳˼
(qng)ȥ˾ʣᣬһֱûʡ
ڿɲһûᣡ
ü۴Цʮˬĵͷû⣡
ԼԿҩҽҩ˾Ȥ󣬶ڵ۶һҽҩ˾ûд󱳾ɽӴʽ𣬸ǲܿġ
()

188.188 ǰδеĻ

188 ǰδеĻ
ļҵҽҩ˾ҲΪĸԭ
֮ԭСС֣ûкرҩоǵ벻˴ۣȥ
вٵķҪõʵʣ֮ǰҲҪҪһҽҩ˾ڷá
˵Ʒ()ȽϺãӴ֮ĽۣȺ(ͦͦ)ĵġ
òʡȥеÿ껹׬һʲСķֳһã
ÿˮǲϰߣЦʣҽҩ˾𣿡
ࣿʣ˵ˮ𣿡
ŵΣ䷽ʧ֮ǶκڰʱҪʹȻ޵ȿ⣬Ϊ˿ݷˮ࣬Ȼ
ͷɣˮãһкܶ๦Ч
ףֹ߻ʹסѪϻ޸ճĤˣӪ͸ܽȹЧǻҲܸ¡
ȶʱȤе˼֪䷽
֪ЦŵʵҲǹŵʱڳõĶֻʧˡ
аǹ˾ˮȴƳ˵࣬ŹЧͺܲ
׵ⲻ˶رߣʳᵼϻҪܹ⣬гԺܹ
Ц˵콫ҩ䷽㣬ҩĵĻʹƷʺһЩģЧҲá
ȹ˵ũֲ˲ٵҩģôٺ£
ũ߲ˮζôҩĵƷʾҲ
ũҩޣҪƳȥõĻ϶Ӧϡ
ǿṩһָĹ˾Ȼɸ߶˵ĲƷԵĹȺԲͬ
ȿԻҲ׬Ǯ
ҲʥĸȻҪô棬Ҳ˵Ҫ˽ףֳɼֵȼĲƷۣʲôζڴȶг
İ壬(qng)ã
ڣҪȥ˾ָ£
ʵ˵ҽҩҩ˾ҸսãҩʦȽ٣ȼߵҲ࣬õҩò
Ҳû취(qng)漰еʱûҽҩҩ˾˲Ÿҡ
ҪıǿӲҪһܡ
ڹ˾ƵҩҩƷĴ˾Ⱥȱڿ״̬ҪгһǰδеĻ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

189.189 ̫

189 ̫
ͷ̸󣬷ԴȥһеǸС
ʱеǹŵģ¥ÿһԼƽףȥÿһ¥Ųٻܣȥ࣬ɨ¾ܿҵ
ЦʣСҪǲ⣬취ȥġ
ãصҾֻ࣬ʳĵ㹻ˣ
Ʒһһһʡ
Ц˵һһʳƷ˾֮һЩӹʳƷ߶¥һֻӪʳĺʳˣ
ҲУũʳƷʺܸߣʱʮ**Ӧ󡣡
˵пҪ֤Ӧò˽⣬ȥɡ
ȷʵ֪̣ԼȥҲ֪᲻ᱻʱ䡣
ͷãĻ鷳ˣ
Сһ׮ʣеֽʲô
֮ǰѾˣԭʳƷУ
㻹͵Цһй˽˹ݣֽʡ¡
̯̯֣ҾԽԽã
е֤Ҹ㣡
ã
˴ӳгͷֿˣȻȥ칫뿪硣
Ϣһᣬһ
򿪿Ȼˮһޡ
㱨ʮѡ޿Σδڣˮһ޾ȼʡ
ͷǰôˣ
ˮһ̲סĴָţ棬̫ţˣ
һ()ʮѡ޿Σ׵ĴѧԺļ¼ģֺһᣬÿ춼ü(qng)
Цʣǰû˱ʮţ
ûأǵһǰľǱţһҿƣˮһ׵İС֡
ʧЦȻûһ᲻ҿƣ
ˮһգգ۾ѧ㣡
ȷܲʮѡ޿ζͨΪҪֵ֧ġ
лҾԼӦҲҿƵģӡ
ˮһͻȻ(qng)ʣ治𣿡
Ҿòᣡеġ
ˮһ޵˸ָҾȥܹʮѡ޿ΣһҪͣӮ˾Դͣ
ܹʮѡ޿Σ˼ǻжľ֣һͶ
ˮһһͷߣȻ֪˵ûУѧУ̳
޹˵һûе(qng)磡
ˮһһΣ̫ˣ
()

190.190 Ҳ

190 Ҳ
Ҫǻˮһޣһ±ôĿԾУۿ
ʱҲӷ˳
һ()ʮѡ޿ΣԭϵĿγ̣ѧ𣿡ŹĵĿʡ
ҪǹҿƣԺɶǲ(yn)ٱѡ޿ΣҲ
ľ()ʶa+о˻ϵĿγ̣ѡ޿λӦٶ͹Ҫҿˡ
ˮһ޶ȥһĵ񣬡ܺãܼסˣҾϣȫġ
Ļֵܹˣóȥжϡ
Цҵģ(ͦͦ)ϲѧϰ¶ģ˾Ϳ϶
ͷţͺãҲͨأ
ɼĵ(ͦͦ)Ȥģȥ˵Ǹģ
ǸѾ̳Ϸˣһȥܿ
һ¥ڿ£һˢУһ졣
ȵУ˿Ȼ̸۵н㶼ǹʮѡ޿εģٷ֮ٵ˶˵ǮյûţʱԹҿơ
һֵ֣㿪̳Ȼһǡѧĩ˻ҼŵĽ
ȥݺܼ򵥣ǶʮſλҼš
ֶעʽһֻĻҼţѺעһ־УһǲҪĹҼţҪԤҵţдʻһЩ
ѧḱ᳤֯ĻעǱңѧ֡
ڶѧԺÿѧѧ֣ѧԺѧ֣Ȼÿο˰ճɼѧ֣й׵Ľѧ֣ѧУμӱõóɼĽѧֵȵȡ
ѧѧԺǱҪöˣרŽһѧֶһ
ڶһѧֶһҩ䷽ħͼֽͼֽսסһЩܹϡеĲϵȵȡ
ѧֿתã˫ͬ(qng)£˭ѧֻߺƭ(qng)һٱʵСǹֱӿ
ѧԸĵ(qng)ڱ(yn)ķΧ
ɨɨܶѧμע࣬Ҳ٣ѹȫҿƣֻͬѡ
ҲһʮȫͨѺעȴһ˶ûѺģʻȽϸߣﵽ˶ע޶ֵ1100
ע˼Ҳ棡Ц˵ֱ꣬ӽԼеѧֶʮѺȥ
У֣˺ĻεĳɼҲԵʮ֡
ҲţҪӮˣӮǧѧ֣׬󷢣Ҳѵãμɵӣ
()

191.191 ɵ

191 ɵ
ϵѧ֣ע**ʱ򣬲Ȼѧķ˶֪˭Ѻ˶١
Ѻעֻһţû֡
õľ01ţǵһѹԼͨصˡ
ˮһ޺һˢ¾Ϳ뵽ղĻǶˣ
ѧȫѹԼˣˮһ޻Ҫȷһ顣
ͷǰô׬(qng)ҲѹԿ
ˮһ˳˳ǣλѲһţʮѧпǵһ
˶һۣҧҧҲ׷׽ԼѧȫΪѺע
ˮһ޵ʮѧ֣ʮѧ֣ȫѺȫͨϡ
ܿ۾ʹѺעı˷
ҿȻѹʮֶȫͨɵ𣿡
ɵӵĳ˹˹ǣ֪˭ɵأ
ǲΪܼʳʮֿɲСĿ֪䣬Ȼˣţˣ
ĽжʮֵģҲ֪˭ô
ʮ**ĳλѧѧ㣬ܲʮֿ
ҪӮˣʮֿܻǧٷֵġ
ҪҲѹһ
ȿȣһаյ(qng)
쿴Ȼˣ
ڵ˾ϲŽѧѵɡ
ȷʵôѧ֣Ҷо()ˣ
ˮһ޿Щ۷˸ۣЩɳʲô
ȻĿ(r)ĶǿɾͿӮˣ
û˵ҲͶһҪ͵
Цû⣬֤Ӯ
У̳ۻڳͣԽԽ˲Ѻע
һᣬǧƪһɾˡ
ȥ㣬ˢţλѲǲԼģܽѧȫѹԼֱκֵ֧ĸоܺá
ˮһЦе˵ȥɣȥɣգ
ļβƶôúȣ㶨Ȼ
ЦЦ߽˳ڿռʳ˳һױһ̺춹ɡһе̢Ȼե֭
ö˳ȥˮһ޾һۣȻҲʮѡ޿Σ
Ҳǳ⣬ǰһˢѧУ̳Ҫըˣ
֪ҪԼˣЦˮһޣǷ壿
԰ҿɲɫǴͣ˧־ѧУ֮ϵŮء
()

192.192 Ҫù

192 Ҫù
ˮһ޽Űԡ
˵ѧڲѧ㶼ӽ׷أܿᣬһģ
ЦŲ䣬ǰڻϵҲһȫϵŮȥʾãҲ׷ģܲӣҪᣬҪֱӾܾ
ˮһ޺˵Ҳ֪һŮȤ
֪Һһϵ£һ仰û˵Է(ͦͦ)ݵģ(i)(qng)ɫʣľöԷ־
û뵽ôܻӭһ棬ѹֵ()ڡ
Уȥ˿ѾȫתƵ()ȥˡ
У̫ˣһαʮѡ޿Σ
ҵȻר˵ġ
УУ񣬾ô˧
ҵż𣡡
׵ȫͨأ
ǿ϶ģû
̫־ˣҪУѧϰҲȥ౨š
໣ǰһֱӴûᣬҲҪȥ౨źڨ
¥ϵ˰ɣУݲ౨žܴڨģ
ǣУǵģ
һͷߣʮѡ޿ξǲ˷ǮԻҿƣ屨ʮѡ޿ξ˧ֿ־Իȫͨء
ôɫ۾˵
ҲܿѧУһĸߡ
ܿ죬ͻȻһ˵ҾҪùˣ
Ϊʲô˼ĶԱȣҿƻ𣿡
һ㣬һ⣬ûо񴿴ǿ˳ۣŹⱨʮܵġ
ѧƻ˵ĹȥŵֶɲǷУԵ硣
㲻˵ǻû뵽һ˵ҲôáͷٲеһӦòˣ
ǰٿ϶ǿ˳ۣء
кϷˣĺأҲ֪ܲмܵס
мܲסҲû취˭񲻸ˣ
֮ȷٻУҪùˣ
Ů˰ɣ
ˣôзȣôܴŮˣѡ޿ѹԲ
ԶԣǺзȵģ
ˣЩԲһ
Ҳڷ֮ǰȱģԻᱻЩԲ()űô࣬Ҫע⡣
ȥ˿̳ͬȫǶԷĸֳݿޣԼٲ˶ܻᱻᵹùֻ
û˿·ĶעһäĿĵ˱Ƚ϶࣬ҲǼɵıͱ()ʵġ
Ҳ(ͦͦ)õģҪЩҲôôƣǧѧֿԻٺöء
֣ڶԼȫͨһֶһѺעʮֵģҲµó϶˸ɵģ
һڿ~~~ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

193.193 ܲ

193 ܲ
˳նˣһߺ֭һ߳㡣
ˮһҲ˶ע˶ʮ֣˶עˣҲ֪˭
ЦЦҲǶȫͨرȽĵİɡ
ˮһʧЦžͶˣ
Ŷ֭һڣʱΪˣۣ֭úúȣ
ȥ㣬¶һܵģҲóԣ
õʳرãŲһ䣬ĳҲǳ666
ô˵֭һڣֱַ˳㣬е¶Ц⣬ζܺãҺȹúȵ֭óԵ㣡
ҲǣҲǣˮһ޾֡
ҲԼӪһũ()ֱȽϲʳķͺӣ
Ժпڸ𣿡ˮһЦе˵
Цû⣬ԺֻҪȶǵһݣ
һ˵ķ˵ģû
Ӫ治ϲȣѧУʳõĲżԳԻУҲθڡ
ˮһ()һ£̫ˣ
üȾһЦ⣬εѹȻ
ڶȥϿΣϿӸӣֻмٲּŲϲ߼ʣ˶Ƚ
δ߳Уţ󲿷ѧǱȽϵģ()Ժ١
ҲʱĻͬϵͬѧкż˵ϼ仰
κŸ׼뿪Ľ˹ȥ
ʦе(qng)£
ЦŵȥҰ칫˵ɡ
ʮѡ޿ΣտʱҲ˾ûֹ˼
òܿܲͨȥɡ
˰칫ңΪһˮ
ʲô£
żɽ˵׼пһҳУصѾźˣȴû֣еͬѧΪѡ޿ζںϵһְƸ
ٴξ£֪ڵļҹϵãܹпһҳУ׿ʽ⣬ôҪһЩġ
Ҳû֮ǰֵô򵥣
û⣬ǻпΣְĻе鷳ʵ˵
Цҵĳ׼ӪҵϢþܴϿʱˣ
ϲɹڶһʹ׼ôš
ĻǺܲ
μ˵ıȽѵã
ȫȥƸûˣɻ뵽ϵѧο
1130~~
()

194.194 Сأ

194 Сأ
һϸ⣬δӦɸѡȽϺʵˣʴҲһݡ
ÿһǱңϢıȽϺûн
ѧУṩڹѧλʸ࣬µʱҲܽЩΪѡ޿ηѧ⡣
ʣƸʱ򣬲ϰϢɣ
Ƹʾùе˿ԸǣԸľ͵ϰ࣬Ըоͳɣ
ԼϰʲôģϾᾭȥŹҲҪ֪
Լٳ㣡
ͨ⼸Ĺ۲죬ܹڶѧԺѧûвģϵ漰ܶĶ(qng)Ҳᱻ̵ľ㵽չ
ȥϰ࣬ȱҵ֮˵һЩһʱ˲ŲƸ
棬ҲԼĲҵסˡ
̸֮뿪˰칫ңȥѧУĺڴ
صˮһ޺ûлóʳ
մʳģƵ绰ʹˡ
ͨվһƬɭһôϴżֵкƦ
ڳԹĿһۣҲڣͿɾóԵģ
ЦŵڲڣҶóԵģ
Ĳˣ۾תתȥɡ
ԲζҲ
Ҫ֣ԣ
Ҫ㻹ǷôϢأܵȻҵɣü
һһ̧ͷ㲻ִô𣿡
һﻹ治һ()תƻ⡣
ڸպÿϢСʱһ׷ˣĵ˵
ߵĲ˻ûãȥʱ²˵Ҳûؿù˾ϲ˳Ÿ
年˭˵ûطأ˳ȥԿͿ϶ü
ҫԼءһۡ
ʵӳգΪȽϷʱضԽ룬Ѿȫ뽫䵱Ĵ󲿷֡
ȫϰ°סķۺ͵ؼͳñ滹ˡ
̧̧Ƿ°ͣô벻뱻
ЦüͿ㻹ңˣ
(ͦͦ)(ͦͦ)()СأҿҪзҪ˾й˾ҪսսŵģٸһѡĻᣬ˿Ҫڵģ
һ֣˵
ʲô


()

195.195 㻹˼

195 㻹˼
Ǳ÷ˣӦһȥԡ
ˮһ޺ŵһɷ˵ζ
ϵΧȹЦҸհѷãһ԰ɣ
û뵽жɣȻͿʼˣֻܳ(r)ڷ˵ĸоܺãůģ
ϴֽȥæ˲ˡ
һٷƽʳ(r)Եĳˡ
˾ʰһкط
磬շ巢ĵַ˹ȥ
һȽϸߵС˾ԷǸ
Ѿſڵˣôô
ŴżֲͷƦ꣬ʺϴսװǹԵŵľûģ¡
˵Ů˲쾭(qng)𣿡
߹ȥ˵ҿΪģ͸õˣ
һҭУ()()˵ʲôʲô߰ҶӶˣ
ĵֳԲ
Ҿϲаٰ()ˡ
ƳƳУУ()ŵֲң
˼ţ¼ָͫףԺʱ
ǲˣҲܾУ
һ(to)ӣΪ˽ʡʱֱӽ˳֮ǰնɨӳյʳ˳
ӳʵжƾճֵģնɨ֣˲Ա涼һġ
ҲƼȽϷһ档
ϵΧΪϲһ
򻷱վڳſڣæµ()Ӱ֪Ϊʲôܾ·ģһﲻɵЦ⡣
ڵһ׷ɣԼܻȥ
ͷʳģ(ͦͦ)õģ㶼һˣ
ЦǸȥϿˣǿɾͬͬѧˣ
ǰϿ̬Ⱥνʱ£ȴеڴС
ô˵̧ͷ˵㻹˼
һͷˮô
ǵŮˣ
ߵûУۺ̳ںܶ˶˵Ҫùء
嵱ʱ()Ѻʮ־ˣûȥۡ
ôҪùˣ˭ҪҲ죿ŵģ˭۸ԡ
ûЦ˭Ȼˣ
ң((Ʊ))ƲƲ죬ҿɲҸҲ죬Ȼҿô죿
()

196.196 

196 
忴ûк
ô£
ֵͷʳģУ̳϶˵ұʮѡ޿ΣҲűʮţҪΪҺ㿼˲еһ㲻ˬˡҪң˵ʱԲҾ͵ȻҪùˣ
һͷߣЩвɣôᲹԡ
˵˵һȥ壡һʱһϿΰˣȻҪƵ(qng)
ȴҡҡͷ壬ȥͷֳ
ô죿̲Сؿ˿㲻
Цʲôģ
ͷüҪǸңҲǳصģ
Լ޹Ǻҿûϵôǣ
ˣԽǵ£ԽQ˵
һʼһ˵֮Ǳˣ
ϲȥʲôϲʵж˵
û˿ȻͱЩ˵ˣҲԣӻȥǿǹϵжãʲôĲڣ
һת˵и⣬úȴк
ʣʲô
ʮѡ޿ΣұȽóӦľţʣµĲǺܸȤԽȥúҲΣҹҿˣص
һͷߣҿû㱨ô࣡
ӦĵǶǵһ㱨ʮҲǶûӣѧУô죿
Ҳܣñ֤ȫͨأ
뽫ϵʳĺһԼģҲù㣡
˵ôҿǸ㱨ģ㲻ܲң
ҪȫͨأҼƣǶඪ
ֱ׳ҲǷˡ
ȫǸҪģ֪ѧУЩ˿⸱ģ᲻Ὣ
ӣǾô˵ˣ
֪һƤ޵У˵㸨Ҳǲԣýѧѣ
ʣѧѣҪʲô
ЦҪ()ծɣҺֵǮģ
˳ԺҪ࣬Ҫ()ծȫҸڻźҲŲҪأ
㻹Ǹ׼Դʯʲôİɣһ˿϶㸨ȫͨ˹˵
ûЦԴʯ㲻ֱˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

197.197 ׶Ͼϵ

197 ׶Ͼϵ
ٶȸһѸٳȥִˡ
صʵ磬յСλʦѷϢϵļѾɿʼЧ
һʱȥӽ쿪ʼļ룬ļҵ˳׶Ͼϵκεǣ
ǷļҲ˳ȥ
ĳк˽˹ݺܿҪˣפȵĹ˾ʣҪǲļңԺԷ˦ţƤǡ
Ϣһ˲˵Ĺע
ү֪ðѾͷȻϵļ˳ȥֱ̫ˣ
ҲܲˬǵƿأôУ
ɶϾϵǺϷЧģҲû취ֽš
үӵһʱ˵绰ȴԼն˺žԷˣõ
ТֱǲТòͣӡ
ԶŵңĴǣͷԽԽ
Ҫģȴܾˣò˹ϵϣŮΪմȺѪ档
ҲͼϵͬĴն˺ѾԷΣһ
ʶļ֪º̾ǺҲͬʱļҵһıҪҪ˽һңүӾԻڵġ
ȻҲ˵֣Ȼͼ룬ǲТȵȣȴûзʲô˻
˶Ͼļǵ(qng)ֲǲ֪
үƫ˽ӣϼ֮λʮ**ԶµŹҲãӦòô
ǱߵٶȺܿ죬ܿںϵƸϢ
ԭһֱΪñѡ޿εѧǶˣнʴĺܲǺܶ˱
ִЩɸѡ˶ʮˣ
ԺϵѧǺ˽⣬ǵ˼ʮˡ
ƸĳϰҲûоȣȻ֮ǰξѾ˵ˡ
ʵԭмǺʵģһϰ֪ǴĻʲôˡ
ԱҲҪġ
ߵΰŵĽңԶԶʮһЩ⣬ȷʵ湤׬ǮģǾʱˡ
ܾܿҵÿӪҵʱûӲ()涨еĵʳĳΪֹӦòᳬ賿2㣡
û⣬ҲԵġʮ˶ôߵĹʣҿҲû⡣
ǸΪ(qng)(qng)ȽϷ꣬дһоûУӵڲдһ绹Ҫȥһˣҵ£ʣµ20~~ˣ˵⼸ϵͳ޷ԣҲͺˣôô~~~
()

198.198 ȫɵ˰ɣ

198 ȫɵ˰ɣ
ϰʮ˲ûʲô߿˼ǮûʲôĽʵģܹΪṩְҵĸλѾܺˣ
ͷУǵն˺ŸһпҵǰҷϢǡ
ã
ܿ죬ҪУƸ˺ϵʮְϢʹˡ
˶Ȼ￪УǺļϵ
ǱҺͱȥֵ֧ģúܶ˶ʡ
һЩ˷ᣬгпɲôÿģ˴ڣҪĿ()ǲ
ȻôߵĹʸϵѧְȫɵ˰ɣ
ĵĽûǺõģȥͶۣҲùš
˽·ȰǶʮ˲ҪȥйҪǿȥ˵ʶò
ʮ˻ǼȥйҲҲùʸߵļְˡ
ȻǱұʮѡ޿ΣӦòʶ˰ɣ
Ǻܶ˶ſϷܾܲӪȥС
е˶ֻˣˣŵġ
һ꣬ˮһкһ뿪˱
λѶǵ۶ˣĩУ
ڶһ磬ͽӵ˵Ծյĵ绰
ԷһͣŴȻصԼҡ
ԼңүӵŮҪģү᲻ھʹǡ
صԼңԾ߽ȥ
΢ЦźүкУã
үϴźͰЦݣСģԺͽҵүүɣ
үү߹ȥЦ˵Ȱ㿴()壬鷳һֻ֣
ãүڶҽǳΣΨһԼˡ
⣬ûһͻ()򲡡
ڲ棬ΪүӰ˰
Ƭ̺үڵľѾָòˣԵܿ
ҪٳԵҩ𣿡尹ĵʡ
ҡҡͷãԶҩãүѾֻƽදעʳˣ
ಹ㵰ʺάأճ
尺͵Ծն˿Ǿͺã
үӶԼ()аգڿɱ֮ǰˣ粻֮Ҳо˼֣Сĵҽǳ
Цʣ˵ԵһѧԺûȤ
ôõĺӣҪһѧԺһص
()

199.199 ̲סȥ԰

199 ̲סȥ԰
óүҲ˵˼
Цί˵ڵڶѧԺ(ͦͦ)õģҲȽӦ
үЩϧʣпһҽԺ𣿡
򲡷̫ʹˣϼһǻвˣҪܹõʱľȥļʽСܶࡣ̾˿
ǰһѵ()򲡣Ҫܲħĥ˵ûȥˡ
ҪǵҲĹҽ֣Ҳܼˡ
ҽһֱģҲ(r)(i)ְҵЦŻصҽԺĻģ̫ˣûǸ뿪ҽݣ
ү۾ҽݺð
ַʲôѡ֤Ҫû죬ҿ԰ˣҪǿҽݲ֪츣ˡ
û뵽үô(r)(qng)͹£ʧЦͷϵ(qng)ܶ࣬һĴŪҽݰɣҲֻһ뷨滮ʲôĶûء
үЦ˵ûϵҲ滮ʲôܿ죡
ôҪ֤ʲôľͽˣҶӸպùһ飬ҽǾţԺִ뷨ǳ(r)
ҲܾԷĺ⣬ҽҪ֤ܶеԼҰæʡºܶࡣ
Ǿ鷳үүˣ
үӰڰ֣ʲôأһС°ˣ
ԺҪ˭۸ˣ£㶼һ߾ǡүӶȽϲóĲˡ
ͷã
һᣬóвһ轣үүƽԶȺ轣()ȽϺã
ү۾ִ򿪲ԭǹԭ轣֮ǰϼͷͷҫͷԼҲˣ
رǷͷҫ궹ϣҫ裬ҫ轣һϼһˣ
֪ЩͷϲʱȣүүϲĻʱȥþͺã
ҽݵʸ֤ԼҾ㲻⣬ҲǸ(qng)
үЦɲУôܰأԺǱңҲǶǱңҿɲɣ
κ˼ü˭˼ǸǮܳãЩڿǮ򲻵ģүӺܴ
֣εЦ˵УǾүүģ
˵һᣬԾȥˡ
ǸߣүӾͿʼ绰
Ȳ衣
ʲô裿ȻǷͷó֣ﻹء
ôģֻ
Լүүõ轾̲סȥ԰ڣһͷߣЩͷ̫̫(i)ûر𡭡
()

200.200 

200 
Ծȥһ˻ģϷ
ͨˣҲᵽʻŻ׶սĸоʮֵĴ̼
Ҫʵ()ܸߣ׵((co)co)ĻҲǺܴ󣬵ȴþã((co)co)Ҫ򵥺ܶࡣ
һҸߵļ۸ǳİһѲ
ϾױȽϰ󣬻ҪѵܼʻСö޷ӵԼĻףҴ̼顣
ʻ׺˶ս˺üʮ쾡£ˬ죡
Ի׵ȤҲŨ˺ܶ࣬ԺһҪһ̨Լĳܻ
׷ΪͬĵȼdcbasԼܣܻʮϡкзҲֻ̨
һ磬˶ˣϷ˳
ȥϢһᣬȥˣԾ˵
ͷԼߵϢ£һֽʰ־
ţһϲ
ô
̧ͷȻ־ͼ˽
ûϵɣĿ
ļҾ۸ǴŮһ
־һ˳ۣɲĵط
ˣ治ã(ƨp)£
־ԱߵѼ״˼Сû(ͦͦ)ģԴ̬е㲻񻰣
пȥͷȥЦе˵Сģ(ͦͦ)ۿɿڵģøúý̽Ůɣ
־һ߿ţʶλɲǺǵģӵɫħơ
߶۸ˣͺúõĽѵ
ڻ᲻ᱻռ˻߱ɶͲ(qng)ˡ
΢΢üԶ㣡
Сùģϲ˵žͽ˹ȥ
ȴÿȻֱ۶ˣ
û뵽ô󵨣۶ӵ֣һϣ£
ǣҶ٣ʵλүġ
һϣͳץȥ
()ôЩɱȵģ¾ͽſˣ
־û뵽ɷ󷴶ˣɴ۾֪Ҷʲô㾹Ȼô󵨣
߹ȥһŽ־߷ҹ˭ǵұʰֻܹԼ
滣־Ǹֻδ㱻һ°͡
̫ˣûʸ˵óһҩ裬ٴһţҽʱҩӵ
һһֱ֮ǰڹ˾ķֳɣǼӱ³ȱǮء
ҳʲôҩǿбȥ㣬ء
־˻Ҫ˵ȴôҲ²һ֣ŲӾֵ˵ȴֻ
ء
˼״Ҳһʲô⣿ȥȻͲ˵ˣ£
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

201.201 ҵ

201 ҵ
־˵վ()ݺݵĵһִδйη塣
оȫ˲ʶˣŷ治Ǹų۵ˡ
ļ˼״ȴһŲ֮ǰֶŵ()ϡ
Ҷ٣Ҳ볢𣿡Ůһʡ
Ҷҡҡͷ룬Ҳ룡
汻ŵˣΪ־ͷֻǿˮƯһЩ˼
ļҵСѾͷѣ˿ֻԼϡ
˵ļҵҲνһˣŲ塣
ԭ(qng)ÿԼһʱ䣬ˡ
˭뵽Ů()־ȻãȻһȺ竣ȴŵģһغϾˣ
񣬱֪һ֪ڸģƽʮ**ûٸаŮĹ
ҪķǾҪˣʲôûˣ
˶ԷһţŶԷгʱͬһҩ赽Է
ҶһҪеҩٳ
ɵҩڼٶûа취
㣬㣡Ҷ죬㾹ȻҸҩˣ
ֵؿ˼ҸµĿɲҩ
ҶҲԼ˵˵Ŀֻţµʲôҩ
Ժ󶼲ٻ޹Ů˵ҩֱ׵˵
Ҷͫҵİɣôܣ
û˵ҩأŮһġ
ʼ磬Իȥ԰
֪˭𣿡ҶҲȷ˵Ǽ٣ϾҩЧǼġ
(i)þǳԺ((pio)pio)ģرŮ˺(r)ԣҪǲˣ˵ȫܽܣ
ͷ˵˭Ҹһҩȥ
Ҷֶţ治¶Է˭
ܹ־һģ()ݹҲզΡ
㣡ҶǵһαôԴҩҾͲƽˣԺܲң
вԼˣûУҲҲҲ֪ǿ϶ǲˣ
ҵţɲŮ뿪ˣҩЧǲģõҩ
˵ն˲һ绰ȥܿһȺŴǴֵ˳˽
ҩǶֿɾûôöԸˣĿ()˵
ɨɨЩ֣ĵûУ
ϣҽץҶŭʮĻӻ֡
()

202.202 ̫Ӧ

202 ̫Ӧ
Ⱥ˹
׼֣һӰȴ졣
ܿ죬ϵвҽȺȫſڵϡ
ԾĿ׹Ŀǣðǹܴ󣬾Ȼ۸Ҽ
սʳͼһȺ˾ȻҪΧһͳ˹
û°ɣĵʡ
ֵԾյֵȻ(ͦͦ)ߵģû£
С㣡Ҷû뵽Ծջʶ˿ȥϵǳ
ԾǵһѧԺŮǵ۶˭֪(qng)ȺƵߵġ
ԾۿҶ˭ͷ۸Ҽģ
Ҷֻ˹ĸоôôùԭûķŮˣ˭
ڨڨЦ˵СˣҾͺС㿪Цأ
Ц㶺أԾֽվŵҶһ߷ڵأļҳģ۸Сˣֱ
ҶңҶҵˣҶŶԱţϣԾտҶҵϲټ
Ծһ㻹ΪҶҶ
ΪҶҵˣ¾ܽҹȥ۸Բܾôˣ
־ҲˣôʶԼŮģŮôţ̫ѧˡ
ͬʱϷǼ칫ҵš

ҶܣҶٺ͵ԼҵŮˣϷľĻر
Ҷ̧ͷǸҶ٣
Ҷص
Ҷ¶֮ᷳɫʲôҶ٣֪£
߰ɣҳȥԼǸŮһ˿βס
һߣһʣô£
ҶҪϷһŮ˭֪ŮֵȽϸߣſˡ
Ҷͽıڴֽ˽˭֪СᷭˣȻλСʵѣ
ԾգǸʹˡ
ҶĿλһۣҶϷ˵ʱôֹ
Ǹ߶˵Ϸ(qng)̫Ӧˡ
ͷϳϸҶϾҶҵˣǵʱֻҪֵ̫ˣ
첻ϰˣļҵ˶ڻҶϷ¹˭뵽(qng)
ľֱ̫ˣ²˵ıһҪĹ㡣
12~~ȽææҾ;ʱ½ᷢ~~
()

203.203 κ

203 κ
Ҷ˵ĻûзأĶһ־
֪ʹǰȥֹˣ˭뵽˻ǵԾյѡ
ʱ˿̣ûԼԭҲǻã
ҶϢԾҪҶϵ
ۼĿڣҶ٣Ǽҵ۸ѣ
ҶЩΣҲº͵ԼλֻϲֵС㳶׼˵Ϳ()վŵ
£Ҳ
Ҷϴ˽˹ݼشѣնˣҪҶĵû㲻
Ҷ磬ҾտǸ۸ˣʼ硣
ʵҲû뵽ղŵνҶپȻҶҵˡ
Ҷɫ˳ǶǶҶ
㵨ӵǲСҵĵ̺Ϊ˵Ȼ۸ͷϣҶҵƾǱЩĨڵġˡ
(ͦͦ)ϲСģ֮Ҫ˼ڱҶҵ˵Ϸ۸еѿ
˵ж໤һҪҶϷɹҶҺͷҵĹϵҲѺۡ
Ҷˣô£
СѾͷֻǵԾյĺѣʶҶ٣
󣬴٣ȫ()ðЩ͵˵ңҾǣǺС㿪Ц
ҶһЦҪôƣԼǸҲô
ңңҶӣ֮ǰûˣηηĿǸȡ
Ҷвϵãӽ쿪ʼȥ˵ԼҶҵˣ֮ǰǸĿ㸸ҲָõˣҶһ仰ͶҶҵδ
Ҷͫ˵٣治ǹģҴˣ
Ҷһ˵Ҷƽ粻ãԷĸĸһΣڻ⸱УӶܲãôúĿ
ҶҲܲ˽ҩ(qng)ҪòǸĿȥǵñӺʹȡ
֪Ҷ·˼һתǸСҴˣҸղ治ǹģ˵ƣ־Żͷ
ԣȫ־ҪǲҶиƯ۵ãôʶ㣡⻹ʵ־Ǹ˵κˡ
ȴ˿ûж֮ɫˣҲͷˣ㲻ҵǸҸ(qng)ģ
ɲʥĸ۸˻ҪԷ(qng)
()

204.204 

204 
ҶˣǰȴҶֱס
ԺҶҵĲҵ(yn)Ҷͽµ˽룡Ը
ǣոļ¡
Ҷģȴİס죬ͬϵһߡ
־ҲڱڵУһ˳ȥ
վ()ͱҶȭߵһ١
˵ӣӽ쿪ʼӲ㣡ҶĿҪ־ȥ֮߶ôȥ
ȻԼ(qng)治ǶԷֻ־
־Ҫȴ޷˵һʹ࣬Ҳֺڡ
ʵ벻ͨôʶԾպҶģȫ֪
־ܿҶӵһͨԼӴĵ绰ԹԵĹ˻ȥ
ʱ־Żӵţ
ʰʰ־
Ϸ͵ԾոҶȥ˰칫ҡ
ԾջĽЦŶҶ˵Ҷ٣ղǾĴ
ҶŮѲȻǣ
ܳϿҵĿ˵治˼ҶҶϵãҹ̲ܽϣίˣ
ЦЦôֻҲģ
ȷʵҶҲ춢ϵûиҶкڡ
ҶĴ̬ȣġ
ܹݳĶĸҲӦòôҶ񶨲ҵչҲ޷Ǯˡ
ҶóһſݸҶвҵ߼ĹԺȥһ棬ⵥǹ׺ȣҲܰŻݣ
ҶҿĻ׹˾»ܶظҵλҲǳȻġ
Ժ¿ңն˺֪ġ
ؼҵ緢(qng)ǱޣǱȻġ
ȷʵԼҵ£ĵ̣ƱصС
Ҳ(qng)ӹ£ȻṼԾհͷĺ⡣
УҾˣлҶ磡ҶҽĻ׻ȫӳģ⣬ȥ棬˳׵Ĺ졣
ҶЦŵˣ
пҪһøͣ
ԾЦܣˣҺҪȥط棬л˵ɣ
׼ȥǼأԤԼˡ
´лԼҶǱȽзȵġ
һ뿪Ϸȥ˵ԾնĲ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

205.205 ǲ˵

205 ǲ˵
߼Ǽõȫԭʳġ
ʳƷʱȽϸߣ۸Ҳǵ۶ߵһҲǰԤԼŵλá
װ޴һֵ͵ݻ͸һ
ԾԤλԤˣ˿ϣͨشԿ۶ҹ
İֻϣ˵˭˶Ŀ
˵õʮ־Ĳӣֻԭľֽţ֮ģĹܡ
һˣһͼͶӰǰֲ˵ģŵζǽ˹ŵִƼŪĲס
ÿһݲ˵۸񶼱Ƚϰ󣬻˲ٵļѱƳ
ǸһЩУ˽˹ݲ˵ҲӦŪñȽеε㡣
ϲʲôܵ㣡
֮䲻Ŀã
ܿ죬˵һһ㡣
ϲ˵ٶȲһ˳ҲȽϽ
˳ζ֮ǰԹԭ˶ãѹõĲ
Ծǰ(ͦͦ)ϲҲԷɽȴоǲ˵ʲô
ĺóԣÿ˶һ飬ڡ
ЦЦʵζУʳĲ˵㣡
ĳʦջ(ͦͦ)õģȱЩϵ(qng)£ζǺܲˡ
֪ԼĲζܺãȴûоþµһˡ
ԶһҲᣬζ
ɴʱһװʱУݵ·Ļͣס˽Ų
̲סʣС㣬ǲʳĲã
̧ͷŶԷǣ
΢΢һЦҲϰ弧t
еû뵽˵һ仰Сľͱ˼ϰ·ˡ
ʵ˵ʳƷҲǲãǲ˵㣡
tɴЦݣЩʳǴӺܶũһһѡģС˵˵Ƿ治𣿡
ΪԷҪҳӣֻʳĵ׷󾫣
Ҳ˵ʣǺײ˺Ϲ𣿡
ռô⼸
tն˷һϢǺ˸պöУ
ҲˣǶԱ£漴Ͼͳˡ
t״֪ǿռϵߣܿͽĿƵϣ۾ܼ⣬еʳҲȥѡġ
12~~
()

206.206 ô

206 ô
t˿¶ζ֮ɫ
öԱȣƷȷʵǺĸãǲ֪ζˣ
νĵȥóʦ˳֪ˣ
ԭûʲô뷨ڼȻϰ壬ɵö˵˼
׼ƽ·ߣ׬ǮޣǿһȶɿĲ˼ָߵĲʱ߾Ʒ·ߡ
Ͼ˽˹Ʊ()ʣÿҲͿΣԺǮԵòˣǿҲǵ()ݺƷλ
ũ۵ʳģҲȺˣҲʡºܶࡣ
Ȼ
tȻϹˣЦ˵ȻˣҾõȥԣλСãһ
⣡ЦЦ
tȲʳĽ˳
һӣȥȽԲ󣬡ʳ˳ζ
պãƽ(i)ľǳԣһ۾ģƷð
ȱЩԣ
ã
˴ʳģпðǰ£Լȳһڡ
Ȼ۾ɿڣóԣ
̲ס˺ü飬t״ÿӼһ鳢˳Թζõ
ȥģ
ײسϹΪ˽ԼʱҲֱп
֮ȳ˳
tæʣô
Ĵָʳĺã
ô˵أǷǳζԵĴȻȾûκӼùֲӪҺȡҪĲˣζ϶ܺãϹࡢϹϱʲôġ
ͳԵˣЦе˵ϰ壬ʳŪɣǵӻ𱬣۸ҲһΡ
ϰһģʵַǳڵġ
tҲˣȥУȴѾһˣ
Ҳģȥԣ
˵첽߳ߡ
ղŵʳԹˣƷȷʵߵĺã
ĶŵĿЦʣðһС𣿡
ҽ󷽷ĵ
tתС˰ɣ
ؼҵǼǽյ뺯ģϲȥǸ(r)֣ȥѰʳģ˴ˡ
ȻһĿ䶹磬ʱ;Щź
֪˽ֻϧⶹ⹩Ӧ֮ڵ(qng)˹ϢҲ鲻ٳûҵԷ
˭뵽쾹ˣ
()

207.207 ϲ״

207 ϲ״
ܹڵ۶ضΣôһôߵˣԲС
Ҳ˵Լġ
tЦºͣܺС̸̸𣿡
ǸЦŵ˼ҺѾۻᣬ̫㣡
ǡҲаôõʳģtôܷŹ
룬ֻ8㵽9ʱ䣬̸ңʱҾҪȥˣ
Ӧ˹ȥû򲡵˿
û⣬һַϰ˵׼ʱݷãtƶ˵
ӣӦл̸ģԼն˺ű˹ȥ
£ũĵַһ
ϹˣôҪһ۸ũĶʳģ۸ȥĸࡣ
tյַЦҲʶȤĲٴš
ףã
t뿪󣬵ԾЦŵʣ׼Ĳṩʳģ
Ȼܷ֫
Ц˵ҪǼ۸Կǣ
׸һﲻֻǼ̳ˣħƴʦǸ()
()档
ԾЦ˵˼Ϊ׷(i)ãֱӴӵһѧԺѧԼһҲҲѧУʷϵһѧķ
ҲȷʵһʱͱΪǼ׵Ĵ󻧣Էף
Цðϲ״ˣ
ԺܳԵķԤԼҲ(ͦͦ)ġڼ۸ߣԾյر⣬Բ
Ҳˣ⣬ʳҲҪ
˳극һȥ˹֣һ·ԾջһѻױƷͻƷ
ֻ·Цʣ㲻򻤷ƷͻױƷȻƯױƯ
(i)Ů˵()һѧԺŮҲ⡣
ЦŻصƷԼƵģױƷԺʱһ(to)ã
ǰڹŵʱҲùٵĻƷͻױƷЧһ㣬еĻһЩ()ߴ̼()ĶǴȻġ
ȥ󻤷ƷͻױƷĳѧϰ꣬ԼãЧ(ͦͦ)õġ
Ծ㶣㻹ƷͻױƷ
԰ԼıȽȻ޺
ҵлԣ
ʲôһ(to)Ʒ㣡
ð̫ˣ
()

208.208 Ҳû˭

208 Ҳû˭
ֺ󣬵ԾȽͻũŻصԼҡ
ȻͼԼүүһЩ轺ȣЩ
뵽ͷϲ԰ڵ()ӣһСƿ轻˳
үү͵ۣ
үӼ״˹һͷͿˡ
ϵԣ̫ˣҲǺȺȣ
ǣóһ𳢳
үҲûԹۣǷԸȥ˼ˮ
λүõˮȺһڡ
⾹Ƿˮ̫ú˰
ǰԹķ۶ǴɬеģȻ󣬻һɵζúȣ
ȥҶʱԼˣ
ԾЩֲҩô͸оˡ
Ƕ˾죬轻̲澫Ŀ()׳ֹȲĹЧ
Ҳ֮ǰġ
λүһ۾һ׷׶ϵ轻ۡ
ү۱˻˵ԾһۣûȥϢɣ
ܼŮʧôĻۣԶȼˡ
ЩϼһûûƤ䣬쿪ʼҪմˡ
ԾռԼүүģʮͷǵģҪҫ᲻á
УҾ¥ˣ
ûߣһͷ͵հ轻ŪģҲүүŪһƿ
ԾЩ˵ͷˣүү͵ģôһƿŪˣ
˵轻̫С˱ȽѳۣżŪһƿԼͷˣﻹܰŪһˣ
ͷǼԾûϷǷ׷׶ŵүӱŵƿӡ
ү·ס˵ǿ꣬Ҳ˰ɣ
ϵԣܣݱˮȺȰɡ
ϵԣʳ()˵ȷˮΣ
ϵԡ
үӵڣҲҪϼһǲߣߺˣ
Ǳ轻۵ƿӾͺŮһˣһδͷǡ
ܿ죬ϲȦӣүһƿȻζЧǿ轻۵Ϣ˳ȥ
ڶ䣬ȴֵԼҴŽգһϼһ̫ˡ
үҲϢһʱ͸ԼСӴȥ˵绰
ڻص۶ķͧϣүүʮ
Сӣ֮(qng)ȷһţȸȥŪƿ轻ȥ
Цãͷ˭Ĵ̼ˣ
˭ϵͷ£үӵ˼ҿŮТģСǲҲТ£
˵ǻкܶ๦ЧζãҲȣ
εĵͷ֪ˣҽȥŪ
轻۳ǸŮŪҲû˭ˣ
үüЦӣТ˳
һͷߣͷٶ̫ˡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

209.209 ۾ͦ

209 ۾(ͦͦ)
ڶһϴ裬t͵ˡ
÷żtȥũתһȦͷһ(to)·ȥ칫ҡ
tתһȦ֮󣬶پΪˣûƷôߵũ
һֱϸ۲죬ũûκֲӪҺҩժһЩ߲˵Ҷӽ˽ȻǴȻȾġ
˰칫ңΪһ衣
t˫ֽӹ裬ЦСˣ
ɳϣٽʲô̸ģ
ҵܼ򵥣ũʳƷʷǳã㽨һϵԺũҵĲӦʳġtżɽ˵
ҲϲȦӣֱ׵ĵѾȷһҳУ֮Ҳṩũʳģƽ·ߡҪĻƱҪ߸߶·ߣΪٵļ۸أ
t£С㣬ũʳĵƷʣ㲻ÿҲ߼۰ɣ
͵ϣܶƽҲܳԵũֳĲˣƷʴԼũͼ֣ԱʳƷʶߣ۸Ҳߡ
֮ӦûķչֲҵʳĵĲҲȥһأӦҲͻ࣬Ҳܽһ֡
tû뵽Ҫ˵(ͦͦ)͵ġ
£԰ײΪͨƷʵģļ۸ΪǱһãĳ׼أʡ
룬ײ˵ĴСһ׼һõļ۸еǱӦò࣬ÿƳһЩȺĴۻ
еİײ˶ͨƷʣרŵ߲˵۸Ʒʵģ۸ǷʳƷѾŻݵ˵ļ۸ˡ
ϾҲܴгĹ
tü㲻ûжˣʵũʳƷʿ۸Ƿ
ҪУͲΪ׬Ǯ
ЦʵҪҺĻ۸񷽱ҾͻᰴʳĵƷˡ
tʧЦС㻹ǿ˿Ӧõġ
԰ײΪҿũмĶصƷʸߣÿһŶ̺һЩĴʳҲһҪƷʵġ
֮ǰ˸ƷʵʳģԭҪûż㣬Щħٶ˼ֲʳ̲һЩ⿴ûôԣt۾(ͦͦ)ġ
12~~
()

210.210 ֪Ļ

210 ֪Ļ
ЩƷʵʳģҶǻʯġ
ŵź̸۸񣬡ֻڸ죬̺ͨʳúǿ()壬ʳúҲо滺ĹЧ
ʵʳҲãֻЧСܶ࣬ҲûĿ졣
t㶣ǵһ˵ֹЧʳģã
ȹһԼʳԣҪûãֱӸ˿ŵ˵
tղŽ˽Ҷӣоһ˿ʼΪǴڵȷˡ
Դʯʳģ㻹ݳް֮ǰߵũԵʱȷʵоԴʯĲ
ǰҲûֲоѧҳԹԴʯԭֲʧˣҲ֪ôġ
ҲûȤʳÿ˶Լܡ
ѹƷôߣĹЧã۸ҲӦġ
˶˵ҳгʮļ۸㹺Σײ˾ǧǱһţ
ڲһݰײ˵ļ۸Ǹг۸ʮ㣬ṩĿԵŪ˵Ը߳ʮļ۸ۣûʲô⡣
˵ҲһŶۣǼ򵥵İײˡܲЩʮļ۸û⣬һЩϡеƷʮļ۸϶Уƶȣ
ũ½һЩһֿ϶ûеģЩļ۸ɲ͡˵ˡ
tԣ˵𣿡
ɡͷ
û⣬ԺÿһƷļ۸ǵͺãߵĺöøṩһݣ綹̲衢轡轻۵ȡtϵ˵
ʧЦ(qng)Ķ֪Ļٰ
һȻ轻۶֪ǹأ
֪͸ԾǳģtһүӼۣͲµˡ
tЦû취˭Ҿһеġ
ͲҶԣ轻ڻȽ٣ٵһʱɣӦҲ϶޵ģԺǿԸ㹩Ӧۣ׼۷ֳ
Ȼ۷ͷ󣬹()ܸߣ䣬ɳ۵ȴܲԺԶ෢չչ
tУֻҪṩͺã
׼Ժ󾭳ũתתкö
Լ˽˹ÿ»Ὺż죬׼ã֮ṩ㡣
˶˵ҲһʱԳƳƷѶʡˣ
()

211.211 211 ô

211 211 ô
(qng)ð
tҲԼҪ˽˹ݣй̶Ⱥġ
˳ǩһЭԼ֮ϸۺ͡
һᣬЦʣ˵Ǽҵ鲼ǼʣҲһ𣿡
tصԼĲҵǶڼ֮ģڵ۶еطԼҲзֵꡣ
ڻᲢȥȥ̳мҵοֵ׳꣬()¡
Ⲩ£Ժܽṩʳģһȥֵ𣿡
ҪĸͽԵԼũȥ߲ˣһܵһʱϳħֲġ
tЩ⣬ÿҵĹӦˣ
ЦЦһᵥ㹩Ӧһֵõʳġ
һ˿ϣҲŹ
ԼܹΪħ磬ͬӵƵ鱦ҲͬлϾͬʱѵġ
ãֵܹ궼ӦϣtȻ֮á
һᣬtʱ䣬ʮʶȤվ()ǡ
뿪ʱ÷ȻȥƷһЩʳģож
t뿪ûã˹ˡ
ԼʱǾŵ㣬ǰӵũſڡ
һЩƵҩ裬ӵռָͳũ
˹()òɢһ־ǧ֮(ͦͦ)ɢĿϣ˧ֿᡣ
ҲѹһѧԺУݣŮ˾
ȴû˼
̧ųŰ˹ȥûעһʻ
˹𴽽ǹһСȣֱȥԺɡ
Уͷ
˹ȽʿΪ˸ʻĳţ׼ȥһӺ
ģ
ת()ͼһһսװ糾͵ӡ
ˣ΢΢һЦ
˲˵ҪŻ𣿿ǸŻġ
ǰˣǻһ䣬ȻƤЦ()ЦƳ˰˹һۣô
˹üΪʲô
츳˹𶼺ͷ岻£ս࣬Ϊս񣬰˹ָҲͻΪָӹ١
ҺͰؼҹϵһ㣬ǴСͱȵ˽ûٽˣ˭Էɫ
()

212.212 VS˹

212 vs˹
һọ̈̄һʹųͰӿ
첽ߵǰʣҪȥ
˹ü壬ǲǹ̫ܵˣ
(ƨp)£û㣡ŵһ
һֱֱĿţ
Щɫ
Ȼ֪һô£ҲԼĵ
˹ȥԺæһЩ()򲡵ˣ׼ȥء
ɫת˼֣˵ԭǿ
ҲȥŲͰ˹һȥء
һ˼أôùԷÿŲС
Ҳҹ˻֪ġ
˹ͬһҿû㣡
һﻹôԵᡣ
年ģ룡
Ƥ治һĺ񣡡˹̡
岻Ʋ죬л佱
˹Ҫ˵ˣҪ߾Ϳ߰ɣǱĥˣ
彫Լıݸȷŵռ
üչȥ˲ٺöء
ЦЦĽӹŵ˿ռеģ
Ȼ˲ٶǱܷͲˡ
ǣ˭Ůһֻѹեңһֲֻ㶵ƦЦ˿Աߵİ˹ѷɫ
˹üͷøоͷ֮ദһ˵׽Ǹһ̫
ȥʡ
εʼ磬һǸ
׼ͱסһţ
Ȼ˰˹ۣ򿪳˽ȥ
˹һҪȥʺϸһ﷢ͻʱˣ
ǵù쵰
˹ϳȻ趨λã㳯Ժȥ
Ŀαϣ޵˵⳵λƵĻһ㶼
˹ҧгݵĵҿûϳ
ĵҲѣⶼܲˣ㻹Դ󡣡
˹ߣԴ磡
崵˸ڣ(ͦͦ)֪֮ģ
˹һҭһƤԽԽˡ
죬ǸҰᣡüͷҪһﳳȥ˵
˹ǵһαôǳ⣬üͷֽ˽
嵹ϰûûƤĴսҶˣԵġ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

213.213 ʲôϵ

213 ʲôϵ
ŷ崽ðĺ磬֪϶Ƚҿı
˵еС()С
()ֻˮ
һֻͷĵطһֻ쵽ǰˮҲҪ
ӿռóһݸϴˣ
ӹҧһڣֳģ
ǰ¾ͽˣЦŵݸһƻٳ
ӹƻҧһڣţҲóԣˮ𣡡
һﵹӰüȾһЦ⣬ͷĶߵҲڣ;ŪЩóԵġ
׷ǿޣڳԵĶϣսĲѳԣӪѳԡ߶űԹ
ЦƻĿô
¶һίı(qng)ǰǲӦòң
Ц֣
ʲôðЦʡ
ԽԽͷƿ
СûĵģЦŰһۡ
ǰ濪İ˹ͷ嶷ô꣬ǵһμŰԵļһ¶һ棬ΪԼϴˣ
ʲôϵ˿ȥ
ĶؿӿƵҲܺãæѹƵ
ʳ˰˹Ժ
ܿ죬˵Ժ
רΪ()򲡻߽Ժҽҽ豸רһġ
ͣóȥ˶סԺ¥סŵĻ򲡻Ҫǵڶսϱ
ԺҲİүү￴˻򲡵ϱֻһסԺ¥
һߣһ߶ʣ㻹ƻ򲡣
Ҫ֪ƻ򲡣ȴԺˣﻹֵõ˹
ͷᣡ
㲻֪̫̫Ϸ(qng)
˹ͻ()򲡵ĵүֱӾȻˣ
̫̫ٳȥִģ֮ն˾ڹػ״̬治֪¡
ֲڣ֪Ķ࣡ƲƲ졣
˹𹴹ǵȻۼ֤ģҲˣ
ЦҾûҲҪῴ򲡣Ȼǵһսź˻򲡵Ļƣò˵
Ͳˬˣ˹Ц
˾Ͳһ𣬡ˣȥҼȽصĻ߿ĸսŵˣ߲ʿҲԡ
ָָһ¥һſλȥҽԺʲһ鵵ҾţǴ˹
Ӹд˻飬12~~~ϵͳѾɣֿ~~~
()

214.214 ǲ᣿

214 ǲ᣿
̬ȱȽϼᶨ˵߹ȥ¡
ιæ򲡣ҲֻսŵĻߣ׼ȴӲ(qng)ص˿ʼԺÿٹһΡ
Ͱ˹û취Ƴ˶Էһ۾ȥˡ
һᣬͬһŰ״ӵһ˽
ЦŶܣԺĳԺ
վ()ЦкԺ
Сã֮ǰ˵κ˵ϵͻ()򲡣ܹԺæ̫ˣӭӭһº͵Ц˵
֮ǰŰ飬֮ǰʾȷʵǻ򲡣ȴ汻˻ҽѧϿһ漣ˡ
ԭҪȥԺæģȥݷʱȴȥѧУֻ޼ա
û뵽λսŵļ̳ˣֱ˹ܸˡ
ҲԼ֤£֮ǰƵϵϹè֣ı£ҽ棡
̲סҪɣʵ̫ˣͻ()ҲǵһȻģҪİȥ֤ʵ
ЦЦлл
ھȿʼɣ
ԺЦŵǸϢ̫ªˣѾҽԺ(qng)صļ򲡻ߴҽѧ¥СƲȥ
ǱȽҲʱⲡ˵(qng)
ףã
Ժ̬ȱȽҲ̸ܽ˻򲡡
Ҳ˽һЩ򲡵(qng)Լ֮ǰƷֶΣ֮Ĳѧܿ˳ԺĻ
ǰĵĺͶͰ˹岻ϻں档
԰˹ԺԶ㡣
˹üɹܲţ
һռ()Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣ
ߣһСļƾͺһӵĻˮˣֱ׵˵
˹һһӻˮСҲǸö߼ҲԶ㣡
նһ֪̽()ȤԴļһ
˵()ᱻԼŮԼͺأ˲Ǳء
ڵĶѹƵģ˴𰸣˳
üΪʲôҪ㣿ҺҸ㲻ǣ𣿡
˹𹴹ǣ㲻ҲûϵڵĶѹƣ㸸׺ͽ֮ĶҲûϢ㲻ðѱ˵ɵӣ
Ҫ̽ҵ**
˾ȭͷǲ᣿
һһᣬڸˣ
˹Ҳȫ㣿
һһĿŲ˳ۣڸ
Ҷڰ~~ݹˣû뵽ô磬ҪһȥԷڣʣµĸ19ټ~~Ҳף߿׺ͿǿóɼԼĴѧôô~~~
()

215.215 Ȼܽס

215 Ȼܽס
һߺͳԺ˵һ߲ʱĹעˡ
ǵĻܵ˴֮ɱҪһûû˵ġ
תͷĵ˵ˣԭŵ˼״ͻȻһǾԲᳳܺʹܵģ
±ʰ˿ۣ˹ֱ˲βˡ
ˣֻҪ˼ԺУתͷͳԺġ
ԺǸߣҲ͸ܵ˺˵ղԾ˵һԲϾҪ֣ɲҹλСڡ
תͷˣҪվȻ̼ʧˣɵ
λС治򵥣Ȼܽλ۶үסرǷǸħ˵ԺͷүӶû취ģţ
תͷ󣬷Ͱ˹ǳĽ˴ƿ
׵һѧԺ͵ڶѧԺбǵʱ°ɡ˹˵
սװڣһըǷģаʱſ㣡
ߣҲҪûǸˣ˹һͷ
ܿߵҽѧ¥ȥԺ˽һҡ
λȥĲˣ״̬ʮֵĲá
ȫ()׺оЩѣһ෴ȫݵֻʣ¹ͷƤһѡ
ԺС㣬ԺصǵƲֺǵѾûʲôˡ
Ƚ⣬ǵսᡣֻмõ̾һ˵
ſѧĲϽԽԽҽ()̫ʲôҪ¶ۣ߾ֻſĽԼȫƶϲ
ɱϾģǻģҪı仹ԼҽˮƽС
ȿ
С룡Ժһơ
ڻվźüҽʹҲģԺľٶЩ⡣
ѵԺΪЩ򲡻߿ҽҲ̫˰ɣ
ǵģҽҵž鲻㻹Ҫѧϰȱǩ
һɹ黳ɣɲɵɵĿɣϾԺˣλٻء
ߵĻ()ߣ˵Ҳˣ΢ЦҲº֮ͣǰȫһˡ
Ų()ϵʣҰѰ()(qng)𣿡
λ˵ͷ˵ã
֮ǰѾҽ˵ԺĹҽæȻãҲ빼Էĺ⡣
()

216.216 ͷ

216 ͷ
Ϊ˰˰
״ܲʼή˥ܣ֮ǰ϶ʹܹȵ(qng)ֹһΣ˾ĺأҲȫ()׵
Ļһλߴʱڵľҽ()(qng)
濴ʹùȵ¼ֻһΡ
ҽǰܿ
һλѾԼҽ˵鷳˭æ¼Ҹղ˵(qng)
ãһҽ򿪲նˣ˵˽ȥ
ȥ˵ڶߡ
ݸ׵ȫԭòŴȥʮܡ
׼˵ȴȿˣһɱĻҩζǲǵƷһʲôһҪҽǷ
ͻزȥʲôãֻ֪ϹһҲ뿴ֵʮֿܡ
ҽͼҽЩΣλҲԺһͷˡ
Ϊ()ԭ˭Ҳû취²ʱĻᱻýźˡ
üͷͷҲ̫ʶȤˡ
˹¶һΣȻԷģ𱬵ƢҲ֪˭ˣ
ǰлүүǿģĹҽܺõġ
лｫѾ׵ֻʣһ۾󼸷֣˹ͬˡ
˵СӣǲеûЩϹڵʱ䣬ȥս϶ɱˡ
ӲҪʲôҽѾ˵׼ǾͲʱúù찲(r)ӣ
֮ǰע()˻ҩˣȻԲͬ
Щ˻򲡵ϼһǣ󲿷ֶܶʹùȹⲻÿҲܲ³ӾʹùȲٴΣÿӻز
ǱҽԺּŪ÷ʤһ㶼ǰСκԼ
˹ϵ֮ɫŨλǵڶսŵĸͳ˧ɱ¹սҲΪѪս˧
ãƢʮֵĻ𱬣үүλͳ˧ͷָűüΡ
˵ʲôȴҡҡͷ
үӣȲʲôأһ㶼ûļ΢Цʡ
ĻߣʵΪʲôƢá
ĸ꣬~~~
()

217.217 Ȼһ

217 Ȼһ
үȫ()͵ҲʱǾ۵ġ
ʱʱźܶͨ˶޷ܵʹҲᵼƢ꣬ʲô˳ۡ
Բһ򶼱Ƚģһ߳ʹʱҲдһ档
ǿпƻǸִת˻⡣
лүû뵽ôʣȴû𣬶롣
ӻɱУںȾƴڳ()
ɫ΢΢һϧ˲Ѿʻ˻ףҲɱˡ
漴ֵ˵ɳҽˣȵƳԵ()ҲУרŪЩӪӹ࣬Ͷˣ
ҽε˵ǲԣʵĲ(qng)(yn)
Ϊûٱλү
ȻлүֵһۣӶҪˣȾƳ()ãƾʲôӳ꣬Ҳˣð
ԺʲôҪƣǳĲ죬뿪ֹֻսŵҲҪֹǻû˼
ԺԳĬӦɲҸүҳԣҪǳȥͻȻɶˣлҵ˻
˵ҲվһҽĽǶȣΪлүӺòȥҪģԼд
֪˫ûүЦ˵ûоƣ()ҲˣҵľƣĿ()ô
лүӰһۣ˰ɣЩСңǲ˵Ҳ֪Լˡ
һ棬˵һġ
ȻȾƳ()ȴȷۡ˵žʹӿռóһƿ轻ۡ
лүЦʲôóԵģֿɬֲûԹ
үӳ˴⣬һ(i)þǳԣܶʳĶƷ
ۺԹĿɲһ
ԳԺ˵鷳һһˮ𣿡
Ժ֪Ҫʲôǵһμβģò˵СƢãҲġ
ԺҽµľΪлүȣÿγһ
ȥһˮݸ
Ӵ򿪣һЩɫķ۷ŵˮ˽
һһƮɢơ
лүӱţ۵ζȷʵ̫һ
˵Ȼһˣүү轻ء
ûǽϣԼͷΪһƿ۱ء
()

218.218 㻹

218 㻹
лү̧ۿ˿
ⲻǷҵĻħôҲ(r)ˣ
ͷǵķۣļٵģӵҪ
ˮлˣӵݵүߣʲô𣡡
һõöӣǰŵģֽ̧ӹ͵ߺһڡ
ڳ˶Ŀŵ()ϡ
лүȺһڣŹ๾İѱеķˮȫˡ
Ұ죬ʵ˵󣬿ɿڷǳЩۺȫһΡ
һѱֵݸ
ѹַҵͷҲţҲǰ
ֻϧûܻˣǵȥͷǰ˵˵۵ζ
Ц˵һöأүԹ()()ˮ()Ƭ÷˿()֭ɰ()ǴＹ
һ±˲()үӲԾʿˮ
ûԹô
ᰡĻܺóأү𣿡
ȻˣϧǳԲˣ̾˿
Ц˭˵ģһܽүܣǵӲء
лүɫ˼֣ʧЦСѾͷ͵𣡡
˵ءЦŵүӣΣ
ʲô
Ұ㿴ÿڶò˴ԡԸЩƢõ̻һ(to)
лүӲȷʣĲ˵ôóԣ
ͷĲ˿ɺóˣҪǲԣøҳԡ
˹̬ȴҪúܶ࣬лүүƷĳվԻ⣡
˺ڣҲԹĲˣ
˹üԹ
лүû˵Сӣһȥ
УǾͽɣΪ˿ڳԵ治װζһ㣬ҲܱЩӪá
óԺΪүٵһˮΪ
ү㲻ֻʹùȹٴΣ绹ѹһΰɣ()ҲܳܵĸɼޣҲ˵úعھۡ
üͷ΢΢ŵľήҲʹùȹ
ڻһ()أȻӰɲСҲʱʱ̲ס뷢Ƣ̫(r)̫䣬㶼ȫ()۵ż鴤
˵Խ࣬лүҲʼĲΪ⣬гһ۾ɴ󣬡СѾͷ㻹ˣ
˵ëȫУҺüû뵽еģûףǿˡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~쿪ʼpkˣÿ췢ֱpkָֻĸ~~pkʱԽʱԽղءƼƱͶƼƱҲԸĵͶ~~~(i)ǣôô~~~
()

219.219 

219 
лүӺܾȣԺͼҽ𾪲ѡ
үӵĲ¼еĲ֢ûУҲûмģЩ߸һֱ
ѵҲȽ鲻Ĳ
ЦҲͨүЩ֢״ġ
лүʣܿó()𣿡
˹³Ծѣʵ֪үӾȻй()
ЦЦĿүӣɿйأ϶ʳɵģʮ**()ࡣ
лү̲סȣСѾͷҽҲ̫ˣȻܿ
˹ڽүӵĶ()ıأ˵ĶԻʱЩлүүǳ()жģ
лүӸɿһһսűǿ͵Ϯ²ʿ䣬Ҵ׷˹ȥǵͷʱ޵Ӯ˺˺ļ()ˡ
ͷ()岻֮ȥ˵̺һַûӰ죬Ҳûˡ
ȻȻӰҲСѾͷ˵һʱȫ()۵ʱ̲ס뷢𡣡
˹ЩлүүҲţȻǿ޵()
רоǿ޵()һųеĻŶͲʳõġ
ȿȣǲ̫ŭлү˵ǺʷԴû
е轷۵ݸ˹𣬡үٵһ
Ȼ()ȥһλߵĲ()ǰ£Ұɣ
Ц˵⣬Ҳһˮ𣿡
ʶ֮ǰƶϣмˢӵġ
ֻҲ˺ܾõӪǷۺŻῪڡ
ЦȻû⣡
漴תͷԷ˵λүӸԶһˮ
ͷϣ
һλʧЦҲմˣлҽˣ
үӿˣ
˵Ϊ߰()ıȽ͸֧󣬲ûеõʱƣ¾ͼ()ή
ҲԴʯ֮һ־ٻ˾Ҳγ˻򲡡
ĺҲܹȽصˣֻҪ߻ͻᳶۣûʲô⡣
ĵͷȫУⱳʱ(ͦͦ)õģëˣȻѰܿ
()

220.220 жϵİ˾Ųʮ

220 жϵ**ʮ
ǰ˵жϣҲûپȡ
ԺһЩ֮֮ղź̲סʣС㣬˼ǵ»򲡷ԭɵģ
֮ǰһֱΪںڰʱں˺ܴĸı䣬Ҳͻȱݣ˲䡣
ͷʵͨһЩݾܿóлү˵ģ򲡵Ļߣйܹʹõ(qng)
ƶԺս۵ĽʿӦռ˴󲿷ֲɣ
ƶǶԵģû򲡵ˣߺ۽ʿռñ󡣡Ժͷ
ʱһͲҽɻĿʣɵû򲡵ĻҲһСͨˣûܣڹʹû(qng)
͵ͨȻ(qng)ȴҲɾ()ٶ
һͶߣΪͶܴ󣬹()壬ͻת
ٱһ־ܺõˣƽ̫ע()ʳҩ̫࣬Ҳᵼҩɷ޷()գȻ˶
ֻ(qng)Խ٣Ի򲡵Ļ߻ΪܽĽۡ
ҽԺݣϸԱ»򲡻ߵְҵжϵ**ʮ
ѵһֱƵʵֻͨòľپ
֮ǰصȥƺ͵ĻΪһֱûȡ̫ĳЧ
ԺҲһ㣬ܽˣлСָ㣡
ȷģô򲡵Ĺ⽫õ
˵ȫҲԲƳɹô¡
ԺˣǫЦЦ
Ժ룬ðһ䣬Сλ˼ҵĲ𣿡
ںȷ۵˲Լ̧ͬͷĴ𰸡
ȻѾ֪Լ˾ͷҪƺû򲡶һЩ£Ҳڴġ
Ҫܲ˭ֻȥأ
΢ЦŵͷȻܵģлү鷳һЩλƵʱ䲻̫
رǵһλ˼ҵĲ(qng)ᣬԼҪܵʱģҩȬˣ
һλ˼ҵɴ۾һκõĿܣ
ǿܣʮɵİκǣֻҪǵĻϡЩ˼ҶȽء
12~~
()

221.221 Чô죿

221 Чô죿
лүʮĻ걭ķˮ
СѾͷ˼ҵĲҲΣ
ͷܣĲ(qng)ǵĸӣǰڽκãҲҪһʱתá
λүӲе࣬ҽҪʱ䲻̣ϾҲܵģҪϸơ
˹еЦ⣬ֻҪκãʱ䳤ʲôϵ
лүΪڶսĹ׺ܴ󣬺үү(qng)ҲǳȻǲϣ˼ŵġ
Сӣ㵹ǻӻлүӰ˰˹һ䣬ҲĬ˵
ʵûԼκãϾ()ʲô(qng)һ
پܾһСѾͷȷʵмˢӣҪϣģҲǲ빼˰ؼСӵĺ⡣
΢ЦŵȻλүӶͬƣҾΪʩһΰɡ
ɣҲ뿴ҽлүӴӹżϼŵʱڵģȴйҽʩչˡ
ܶĵĹҽҪֻһЩСҪǰӡ
ͷҾͿʼˣ
ԺҲܼʶ£ѯС㣬ܿһʩĹ𣿡
û⣡ͲǱɨˡ
лԺ˶Щˡ
óȸһλʩ룬˵ʱȥΪλʩ롣
˵붼һĴСʩչ(Ѩxu)λȴһСֲ졣
صΪڽϣǶľ硣
лүӵıȽ鷳ʩ룬ĳ̴ϸһ(Ѩxu)λǰλҲͬ
ѵʱҲ˵һ
Ϊлүʩ꣬ն˵()Ϊһλ߰롣
״̬棬һ˵ð˹еζ֮ɫŨ
ŮһȤ飬·ÿһҳµĹ¡
ڲԶ°ͿβҪƽĵˡ
ɿæµ()Ӱȴľ(qng)ƽͰŮʮֵĿ
ѹֶ˵湤
һλ߰룬ܸо()ϵĸ׼˲١
ҽҲ棬ʩȫ()о˺ܶ࣬һֱŵʹҲ˺ܶࡣ
۵ľ̾Ѿܾûио()ôˣ
ڳҽЩţЧô죿
ԺԸҽΪ˼Ҽ()ĸָ꣡
ֻܿ˵ĸ˵()ɣȴܵȥûĵĽ
()

222.222 Ƿ

222 Ƿ
ҽվ˳Ƚ̨Ƶ()ԣʼ
ܿ죬ʾ
һҽ۾΢΢ɴ󣬡Ȼƽˣ𽥵ٽӽֵѪҺ˳˺ܶࡣ
ʲôҽ߹ȥ
ﾪѣλ֮ǰһ˥Ѿ㣬()廵ʱԽԽҲԽԽ
ʩչһν˵Ȼʼӽֵˣ̫ѧˣ
ĿƵĿʣС㣬άֵʱǳڵĻǶݵģ
˼Լһֱάˮƽ´ֵָܻˣһܳȹ̡
ֻҪ˼ԺҪܣǿԴʯƣ͹ȵȣḴ
ԺѾ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣۼ֤ʵ
֮ǰԵϵľαһ˿ɣȴȫˣҽ档
ԣӦӵйҽĺ棬Ͼû˵Ĺҽܴ漣
̫ˣСҲǣ򲡲Ǿ֢оȵġԺԺھˣۼ֤ٵûʹ
رЩУвܶսĽʿʱȫ()Ͷ뵽УϵʱȴҪʹҲǷǳܵġ
һߺлү()ӶΪ֮һʵĵĹУѾ()ᵽƵЧֻҲû뵽ô˲š
ܿ죬ˣȥΪλ߰롣
˼Ҹо֮ǰ˲٣Ҳое죬֮ǰܾ()ľԽԽ©һϵй·ܿҪߵľͷһ
Ҿµ·ľ񣬻ܳԼ뷹һ˼Ц˵
ҽַԸҽΪ˼Ҽ⡣
һλ࣬ԭѾ𽥵ֵ
˵(qng)ȫ߸Щҽƽ֪
ҴʱѾ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣĵȴлүĽ
֮ǰ⣬лүӵھֻһҵʱ䣬䵽֮£ҲԺ(qng)⣬пʱˡ
˶ʮӣ()ΪлүӰ롣
лү()ϵĸͬ˺ܶ࣬˵Щһˡ
û뵽ͷ֮껹ܼ֤񼼣СѾͷĺүһӺٻˣǷˡ
ȥд飬ȻҪȥд˷19~~
()

223.223 ó

223 ó
Ժүô˵ҲǻָĻ
үӵ()ʵڲǣԺʣлϣΪ£
лүεûзƢˣֻЩͷ˵Լ()Լ֪ѾͷһͨȥҸо˺ܶ࣬ͼɡ
Ժ״ҽǰΪ顣
ܿ죬ʾ˽
ȻѾ׼ҽǻǱˡ
лϵҲ𽥳ֵӽȻûλүӽӽĶ࣬ȴ֮ǰԤеΣڡ
Ҫ֪лү֮ǰ䵽֮µİ
ھȻʼֵˣǲ˼飬ĹҽҲ̫ţˣ
Ժ¼ЦŶ˵С㣬ԺҪǽҪܹ˻򲡵⣬ԺĴ󹦳
óλԺ˻Ϊ֡
Ժˣ׼Ժÿܶһʱ䣬ΪԺĲǿʱҲһЩĦַΪ˼ʹ࣬滺Ķ
(qng)ǺصģýƣһЩҩҲҽΡ
߸պúһҽҩ˾֮ǰѾҩ䷽ˣʱ󣬳ԺǿԺ¡
ҩ䷽Ȼûиȵҽҩ˾Ҳʱġ
Ժÿһ궼Ĳ֮˻򲡵ǴͥûҪ޳ҩ衣
ȻҲȽ飬һЩõĲʵһЩߡ
䷽͸Ժǩ˺ԼҲпй¶ȥҲ϶˻ᶢǲǷʤ
óѡѡȥʵġ
֮ҩ裬Ҫҩ٣ũڲܹӦˣ÷ȵҽҩ˾˳ڳҩǰȽ˾ȥ
Էȵľȣ˫յ(qng)ȻıȽϺá
ԺҲûҩֱ󽫻ǣźܴϵ(qng)Ҳӡ
ʱǸ嶢䷽ҲҪ鷳ֱӺҽҩ˾á
̫ˣֻҪҩЧԻ򲡵ĻпƻãԺһͶԷġҲǸˣǿҩá
ȻôһĹҽӺרҵҽҩ˾ҩЧλ治֪˲УҪԲ˸𣬲Ʊһ
ȽϲԺ()ӣΪ룬֮Լ̸ͺãҲ룡
()

224.224 Ǿ

224 Ǿ
漴óһƿݸԺ
λүܵҩ裬ÿһμɡ
ԺӹҩСص
ãһᶨʱλүӷõġҲ뿴ҩЧ
Ȼ뵽ʲô̲סʣС㣬Ϸõ𣿡
ЦŻصҲ裬ֻҩЧҵһ£ǸΪԸΪ
Ͼ()򲡵ʱ
ԭˣСˣ
лүԭԼĲѾˣ֮ǰҲû̬ȴȫıˡ
СѾͷлΪЩϲĿܲ
Ҳһˣøı㾡ܿһøôҲ˼СæЩϼһﻹҪء
Ҳ׷׵ͷͬǰ
Ц˵ǵƷã֮ǰѾӦλүӾͲ((co)co)ˣ
⻹ǰ˹ŵģҲõү㣬ֱһȽϷ㡣
˹ʱЦ˳ǰƷõлүүǾͲùˣһ֧ġ
лүЦЦСҲˣһ
˹СӻǺܲģүӶڶսŵļ̳ҲԽԽˡ
ֻҪսż̳˵ѡзʸġ
лүүүү֮һֱ()壬ȥҲչ˹ңôܲأ˹Ǻܻ˵ģԼժһ֣ŻøС
һЩ˽ģҲǶЩΪսųǹģϣܿôʹ
ʵҲ֤ǶԵġ
лүɫº˲٣֪ˣӳԺˣȥүүд£
ã˹Цŵͷ
ƲƲ죬Ǳһˡ
κЩ򲡵ˣҲϣģûг˹
ٿһֲˣԺȥš
λүӴкΪʮ򲡻꣬˸ҩ裬ͳԺԼͷ뿪Ժ
ϣ˹ͷüеļϣǶлˣ
ЦЦлøƷýͺˣ
ҲΪ˹ԺҲΪЩʹʲôһ»ĵҽ
ԭЩڣһ仰ƦЦŴչȥ䣬ԣֻýƷѸǾˣÿл
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

225.225 ѵǶ

225 ѵǶ
˹壬һûкԼԸʱ
֮ǰԼõıһתġ
ãƷѻ𣿡ʡ
˹ͷֻҪԹƹĻߣҶὫת㡣
ڹҩƵģҾͲˣȻȱǱңҲôġ
֪ˣҲð˹Ӧȫ
ܶණƾ٣ҲһζȫˣһԩͷĸоеĸӦͻζ
˹͵ũ֮ϵ
ͷã
һũȥ
˹͸ŷʮ߽ũ۾ֱ˵ıʧſ뿪
صũȥϴ˸衣
µȽۣ֮ǰӦǾȥæ
ȷϴѾĲһ뷹ˡ
˦˦ͷϵˮ߹£ֻŵ
дЦǵȻ
һ߳Էһģʮܰ
岢ûôʶ˹ģԺͰ˹ǺȥҪʲôһء
극ȽԾվ()ʰ
նȥϴն˾
ӵͶӰ˳
ϰ֣彫ʣµ֭¨ְӷŵϴŶʮٴˡ
ӻǵһοĶӣЦҼȻҲˣѵð
ƤЦһֱڿģֻûֶѡ
ũʡ
ڶִص۶ؼˣרũܣ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣѵǶ
ͷǰǸճ극
լһˣ
үүѾҵ˼£ϲʡ
ɫصĲУղǵعţÿȻլ̸̸취
廹治֪ʲôţôأ϶򵥡
ãھȥһլ
ҶƵ绰߳ȥն˿˿
Ҳˢն˿ţ㿪ҳȫǹڷġ
ܶҳ϶һĿű⡰սǿ˾ӢӣʻӪ׷ƾѾָ
12~~
()

226.226 һỤ

226 һỤ
ܿ죬˷ŵһƵö(r)ĵĻ⡣
Ƶ(qng)Σʱ򣬷óһƿҩ£Ƭ̾ٻףȻʻŻ׽ʾ˳Ļ档
սʻ׾ˣ֮ʧˣȵĵʲôʲôҩԾлָʲô
ս£ҩǲǺͻָйأǵĻɲɹӰ졣
һ˶Ƶзȵҩ˺ܴʡ
忴ţһΣյС
һսſúú²С
ڵʱ͵͵¼Ƶ϶ǺһȥִнĽʿ
̧ͷڱƵ˷˼⣬Ҳƶ
νĵô((Ʊ))ҳϻ͸¶ҩʦҲġ
£һỤġĿ˵
ȻϺܵĻ˼ŭһֱ뻤Щȴ£Ҫڳ
ַ˼ϣƳʱָҩ()ݲ˹Ժܶ˶ǿ˶ܽĿ
Ц㣡
ڲ㣬ûжԱַͷǲȥΪá
Ҫҩʦ()ݣôҲõȵ()츳ʻָsУа(r)ˡ
ĻȾϵһ()˲ɢȥ
үүҵ˼£һȥլȥɡ
ðþ(qng)̫ˣԼûôྫţҵһء
漴һͷ۵⣬ˣүүŪ轷ۣҪǻеĻܾһƿ
Цû⣡
үӰҵ˹£Ҳøл£ȥ˼ҰݷãҲܿȥ
үүϲ㣬￾ŵĸҪһȥȻԼͷТĻǷǳõġ
()аȥ
ţ˻һ()·ȥլ
ȥլĿֻүӡӺͷֵܶڡ
̫̫ǳȥˣڼҡ
үүϰ֡硢磡к
ǵһμүӺͷӡ
ս˧ԡ硢ã
үһˣСﲻƯһˬɾʣϲ
ϴº͵Цݣʲôս˧зүүУɱǼ⣡
()

227.227 ô£

227 ô£
ϴԭؼҵɺûȥɡ
쿴Сˮܽأ۾γɾҲ˼ϲ
ǰԺҷͺã
оó˻(ͦͦ)׺͵ģЦźүү壡
Ͷˣ
ŵƷŵϣ˼˶ɳϡ
彫Ʒĸó
ĸտĴ񶹸⣬ȳ򿪺ӣԼץ飬ҲӼߵԱ£һ
үӱȽϲʳź͸ĸʮ־£һɵζЩ۲
ԼֻøС﷭˸ۣСҲ˵һүүǰҲñֵô(i)ԡ
ȼ״Ц()ӵݵүӺӡǰǸһ飬ԼҲһ顣
ѧչˣȴֻǶ˼Сǵܴܵ˲˰
үֵҧһڸ㣬漴۾ڼ壬úóԡ
ٵ¡
Ҳ˲ˣӷн˹һĳܿӾͼ˵ס
ҲǵһγԵôɿڵĸ㣬һ׼ȥõڶʱȴүӶŵĺӿˡ
һͷߣүүٶҲ̫˰ɡ
ųζȻûˡ
үӵ˷һۣСӾȻ˼Եģ֣
ҪڣԴӵˡ
СѾͷĸ̫óˣһСҾͳˣζ˵
оүЩͯ()ӣЦŵүүҪϲԺ÷㳢ĸ㡣
úããүûнˣҲ֪Ϊ
Цأɱˡ
̾һĺãĺóԣҲζ
˼ԣǵñǡ
ַ治ЩȨĴ壬ͥպܺá
ðʱ÷͡
΢ЦǾȶлˣ
Щǰôû֣ԼһȺԻأ
ǰԳԵҲûôİվ޵ˣɵýš
㣬ӿŷʣϵ㿴˰ɣô£
ʵ˵ЩʣҲ£ϾԼⶾҩĻûȫ롣
·ϷѾѯԽҩ(qng)ļˡ
ʵ˵ˣȥִǰ˼ƿʱָҩңʱ(qng)ΣҾͺˡ
()

228.228 ܵ

228 ܵ
ֲһ䣬֮Իָ۷壬Ҳʱƣûκθá
ҵҲĲ²⣬֤ʵ̲ס־¡
ҩǴûгֹġ
ҪǣЧôҩȻûиá
ԼĻǲɡ
ӿʣʲôȼҩ
ģص
ľҩЧˣԼо䷽𣿡
ʵ˵ҵľ䵽dҪҩȴҪϲУҾоҩҩ
ȥִҾƿû뵽ôķ졣
һģҵ˶ԼͬصͷСѾͷȡ
ҪǱ(qng)Ϊ˳̲סĴˡ
Ҫ֪ҩԻܴĺ䶯
Ӧսҩ嶼ش
һҲ֪ȻôģҲ̫ˣ
ҲǷˣҪǱͷ߱Ƚ()ļ壬ͽΪˡ
ҲǴˣҲͲ˵ʵˡ
صʣҪҩ𣿡
վ()λýǶȣȻϣܹҩͶġ
վһλĽǶȣǿҪһжԸ
ҪҩǷҲᴦϵЩ⡣
֮ǰˣԹҩ䷽ҲԸҩ˾Ͷҩҩʦ()ݵʱܡ
ȵ˺ʵʱȻṫ()ݣڲǺʱ̵µҲ
ٴξȣҪҩ䷽ҵĹ˾ҵĹ˾ֻǲ𲽣ȷѡ֮ǰ½үӣӾҩ˾Ķ³
оиڱһΨͼˣԻʵ˵
Цŵŷ˵Ĵһ㶼ȽϸӣҲ뾭š
Цĵһ仰ңҲ
ֻҩ䷽һṩһҩ䷽ýھͿʼʱӦٴδһҽҩ˾ԭ׼ʱµģá
еЦҪˣʣʲôҩ裿
Ȼٴδҽҩ˾϶򵥰ɣ
()򲡵ҩ衣ɵĵ
ļ˳˷ȴܵˣʲô
1430~~
()

229.229 ܰ

229 ܰ
һֱҪ˵⣬չٶȴǳҲ˺ܶ˶ʹ
үӺͷӸдҲһֱͻơ
֮ǰүͻ()򲡱ȹǾͿǲæһо
ֻǺϵҪõķˣ˾ϡ
û뵽ȻƳ()򲡵ҩ衣
ۼ֤˵үѵ漣ʣ˵ҩǸ𣿡
ǣҩһЩЧص㻹Ϊ߼ҩв𡣡
˫΢΢գȷҩ()𣿡
ʵصҩֻԲǺصĻߣǳǻС
ŽҽԺ˵Ļ򲡳ɲԭ򣬺ͼ˵һ顣
ʣҲǴ򲡵ĻصʵǾܵĳֶǻȱݻ߳⣿
ͷҵġ
彫ȥԺ(qng)˵һ飬ֲĻлˣԭѾµڿҪֵָˡ
Ļδʮλʩչҩƣ֮ԵԺĹ۲Ϊο
ã̫ˣү̲סԱߵӣҾȥǸͷ
ܹƣҲĿЩϻʹˡ
û򲡵˴ս۵ϱÿȥԺ̽ȥμ񣬷үĶʮֳغܵġ
СѾͷĺܺãΪ˸
ЦЦүүˣҲܼ(qng)
ܼ(qng)ܸıһ־棬Ϊҽҵ˹ף̲ܰס͡
Ƕҿ첻˼ˣʧЦ
ͷҲвҪ˼ʱ򣿡
һۣΪҺһƤ񣿡
ȶԼҵܵˣи˵Ե֮Ȼ죬Ż(ͦͦ)׽еġ
ʣ˼ǹ˾ҩ裬ȻṩԺ𣿡
(qng)Ƿ˵Ǽĺ£ҽҩ˾չص㻹ܹڵ
ȻҲܽԼүүϰͷһ׮ź֮¡
ͷҩ䷽һר()򲡣һǵ裬͵˷ʱ䳤ˣҲͨãҲԤ򲡡
һͻ()򲡵ģ()мȵã¿Сʱҵʱ䣬㼰ʱҽ
()

230

230 ׵ܻһ
⻰˵꣬ȵ˵۾׷
ãԲͬ(qng)òͬҩ裡
Ц˵Ǿҩƻ򲡵ҩ裬ҵҽҩ˾Ҳæʱˡ
ǰǿҽҩ˾æǾǰŵš
Լܸ˾ܼô
Ц˵Ҫæƺ󡣡
ȹᣬҵʱĹ˾(ͦͦ)ģҩһŪҲû⡣
ҩȹȻ()ҩȴҲܴͶŵг
һȥ϶
ԭҩгڸоεģ˾ҩҩ裬ҽҩҩ˾׵ܻһѡ
ڻᱻ˵ţһ㶼ģһսԵĶӣ˭Ҫô۾Ҳ
ⲢǺܸȤЦ˵ҽ䷽㣬ͷԼȥˡ
ǿ϶ģҪĻҪۣҼƶ᲻ҵġЦ
ҲЦȷʵҪôæҲûʱ˸ˣʮ**鷳ġ
ҼθȫˣСźˣҿˣȶԼҵܵܵƢ˽⡣
û˵źˣ۾˵Ϲ
үӺͷӶһۣ˫еЦء
Ƿ˵ΣǶ֪Ҫôرá
ԺôҪİȫ÷ѧУҲչһЩ
ļҵ(qng)ȻҪԼҲ֣ҪԤ֣ǾͲӲˡ
һᣬӶԷϵ(qng)ǻᴦҩ(qng)ҲȥͣͲùˣ
ͷðҲôġ
ڲ̫ϲڹǰȥһЩҪ鷳
סй¶ƾҩ()ݡ
ǿ꣬תͷҩ߿Թɣ
ͷû⣡
֪ҲȽ϶ˣ󷽷ġ
ãһῴŰġȷԼҵ̫ܵܶһˣǰǻôϸġ
˵ҩ(qng)ԷүʣүүҵĹأ
үţղҩ(qng)̫ˣѽ㲻Ҷˣǵˡ
ǹ˵귢һϢȥ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

231.231 ŵù

231 ŵù
ܿ죬Ӻһ˽
ս˧үӼʺá
үӵͷ
ȻܣǼͷ顢ءױ򡣡
֮ǰ۵ģսľǺں͹ԭ˾ġ
ԭ۵ϱ˿ͲĸʣǾϵˡ
Ϊͥ͹ԭû취˶ǵ()ص۶չͬˡ
үźֶ˵ҺԺֵˡ
ү֮ǰͺ˵ıȽôҲû¶֮ɫ
Сã
΢Цλã
Ⱥ˵˵(qng)һũҪһ£һҲһҳУҪһ£һʳƷҲҪһ¡
ũ⣬ĻûпʼӪҵ׼òˡ
ǿԼϲãѡһɡ
ÿ±ʮǱңṩԭʳͣṩѵĿҩɵúÿ¶н𡣡
֮ǰ˽Сҵ㣬нԼʮǱңҲ˶˲ĵн
Ҫ˵ͻҲܵλǽͲ͡
н˵Ƚһ㣬֮ǰ붼ߣǲѡˣҲûмƽϣϾøһʱ֪û
Уһ£
ã
˶Ըλһ£ȥȽԲĸױѡũȥȽҺļͷѡ˳УȥѡʳƷ
Щ⸵ױѡЦŵһΪѡʳƷ
ʳƷʲôûпʼʵʺг徢ˡ
ױʧЦʱ̫ƴˣˣڷԾѡũˡ
УǾͰԼѡϸڰɣǻһնˣ֮һѼƻ鷢ǣȻִС
ϵ(qng)ֻҪӣҶ棬ǴһȨڷүѡŵùġ
Ҳ׼ȥʲôҪʣйҲû˼
ȻҲϣϰȨǲܸõĹû⣡
ũǱ½˲ٵķӣҪסԣһ(r)Ҳũԡ벹
˶¶Цݣã
֮ǰڵ۶԰סȻȽϷ㡣
12~~ԺҪĳ12һζ෢º~~
()

232.232 ϴϴ

232 ϴϴ
˶׼סũһ£ܹȥ
˷׷ͬˣڵ۶ûзӣܾ絽ũҲܷ㡣
һᣬͷ뿪˷ҡ
ڶһ磬ٿһŷᡣ
˾ҩ(qng)֪ڣҩ˾ܿͶ
Ϣһ£һѡ
ֻҩ˾𾪣۶ĴСҲ𾪲ѡ
ҩɲСսоҪľˣһƿ䵽۷״̬ʱƣҲкָܴܽɵ
ٱ磬оǿĿרһߴʦǣҪһĿʲôɾȴ֧ŲˣһƿҩȥǾͺпһƷʣ߲;ˡ
Ҳ˷ȵҽҩ˾ĬĬһ¾ͻ
ŷ֮󣬼սרŸɹĸ߲㣬Ͳټĸ߲׷ϵȡ
֮⣬ԭȽʵҩ˾Ҳ̲סԼȳԷҪûкĿܡ
ȻҶó־ҩҩʦܺ档
ȵĻӦڵ˾һҩʦóģҩʦȽϲ͵뱻(ɧɧ)ţԾʱˡ
ĽҲͨϾȵҩ˾𲽣Ҫǽҩʦʱпܱҩ˾ˡ
˰˹⣬ûκ˽ҩϵһ
ѧУˢţ˵ע˷()ϡ
˰ЧʹȻܸߡ
ҲǷѧУϿε(r)ӡ
ϵĿγ̽յ˷ϢҪҪһԷ
λѧУе̫ʢ鷳;ܾˡ
ϯ塢һȥԷ
ԵĲˣԵЩȻζҲ֪Ůڸ
ţϯʣϴ֮ǰʹ־ҩ𣿡
ĵĴĲˣȻˣûѾܼʻ׾𣿡
ϯ֣ϴҩ˾־ҩ϶֣㿴ֵܲܰŪһ
ϯڵ۶ҲǱȽϴļ壬д˶ǻսʿܲ侫ҩܴ
ŷ֮峤ϵʱԷնֱתˣʾڲӵ
Ǽ˾취ܲ·Ĺϵ
岻ĵУҶ繫˾õ־ҩޣ򵽵Ҳࡣ
û⣬ֻҪ򵽾Уϯһϲϴϴ
()

233.233 

233 
ҲǴ壬򲻿ܺͷһ𳤴
ϴҲһ¡
ͷУҶк
Ǹһ浽ֵܣҲܺ˱ˣ˿ԲܣǻҪµġ
ҩϯԵʣϴαʮѡ޿ΣΪҪԣ
Ȼϴ()ӣԻ鷳౨š
ü£
ϯɿһϴʵαغһŮ˼ƽأϴεĵһҲǴˣû˼
ϯദô꣬Էһ(ƨp)ɣ֪Ҫʲôˡ
ʶҲȰԼȥƽϣԼֵƽɲϲµˡ
ϯ()ӶȽֱʶɣǳԹһٿ()Ҹо˻(ͦͦ)ദģϴͱˡ
ǳԿ()ˣٴü
ϯͷǰʵҲŵζȥģԭֱǳˡ
ϴŪĿ()治һĺóԣǸҲǿɬģ壬˵Ҿٳһ١ζ˵š
̧ͷʣҲˣ
Ʊϵ۾ˣζܿɿζ
ȥ鷳ˣ˵һٿ()ءӡ󲻴Ҳϣֵȥ鷳
ЩϯǸ񾭱һٿ()˻Ƚû뵽ôҲһٿ()ˡ
˵Ҫȥһٿ()ԹĶɶˣҪԿ()ˡ
ϴô㲻ȥ鷳˰ɡϯ˵
岻ͷİڰ֣֪ˣ
ôȥ鷳ǲûȤ
ô˵ϯ˿
һѡ޿οʼĿΣһҩΡ
ΪλﱨʮţҲ±ѡ޿εӣرŮࡣ
ҩϵѧѡ޿ΣŮһû¡
ϵԭҩȤѧҲвٳŷȥıˡ
ˮһԭҩеȤ֮ˣҲҩѡ޿Ρ
ȽǣûȤҲûΪݷȥ
ҪϿʱˮһȥϿΡ
ҪǷ鷳͵û
ѧУһԣǵ˶ᵹù˾һ̣ȻԺܻᾭ硣
Ȼ񣬵ʱվһĵȰ˵
극Ҫȥдˣʣµ1930Ҽɣôô~~
()

234.234 Ȼ

234 Ȼ
֪ˮһҲΪԼá
ЦʣѧУܰԵ
ǣѧУ˭ǲĴڣǰһѧҲ磬ֱӱѧŻ嶯Ͼɲǵһμˡ
ԷЩ(qng)ǼһﲻֻŮǵ񣬻˶µİء
İɣҲͻġǳҪǸҲ磬Ϳ˿Ŀ
ˮһ޽ʱ˶Ѿˣ׷׽ĿͶ()ϡ
˶ǱһֿϷ۹⣬·һкϷ˻ֻ
ڵ˽
Ȼ
Ҳҩѡ޿ΣΪʲô
ɵٽѾѧԺˣͬʱҲҩѡ޿Σʰ𣿡
⵹ǣٿɲǣ
Ҫʰһﲻ̫ôһƯӣپȻҲµ۸
ѧУʹˣپΪҪϣҿ˳۲һʮѡ޿εģ˾Զϡ
ˣ
Ѿ㣬Щ˵ȽСҲ
һͷߣЩ˻ǰԵûˡ
ɨɨңĽһ()꣬Ա߻Χ˼ˣһΪģ
΢΢ӣҪϷģҪǱ()ҩˮƽ߶С
ջĿ⣬ˮһһźλ¡
һ£ԭŸżλϵˣ׷վȥš
û취·˱ǣ
ˮһ˵һȺ˻
£㣡ʵҲЩţ֡
һůû£Ҳõģ
ܿ죬յһļͶţλѻ(ͦͦ)
()꿴˿ıӰ۾÷ֱӽҩ࣬ѧԺȥȻʡ¶ˡ
½˵Լһͬʱܿˮһһš
ܵóһҩ鷭
Ƿ֪Ƚϲֽʵ飬ġ
ˮһ޼濴ӣﲻɵЩλҪǻ϶ͽŵòˡ
ҪϿʱ䣬һֲſ㶵һ߽˽ҡ
һ()īɫУʮֺ壬ĵ()(ͦͦ)Ρ
òһȾ߹һƦƦĻȣȫ()ɢһµһĿקƣĺܶŮ̲ס
ǵ̫˧ˣ
()

235.235 ĵ̫

235 ĵ̫
()󻹸ϯ
ȫΪԼϴʮѡ޿ΣֹʱҲűʮš
Ҳϴһ˹ҿ̫࣬ûӰ
ǸһҿΪٵӰ죬ֵܽ
һÿҰһ忡ţҪǵųȥҲܶͷʵġ
ڷ()ߣĴڸ̫ǿߵﶼߵĺɶɺ;۹ƣҵעȫе()ϣ˱ĳСࡣ
ֱ߽()ϵĿ⣬ֱڵλȥ
һ¶˿ϷɫҲһЩ¶˵ǣǿ˸һȻù
Ķ˽ϾϵҪ۸ˣȻʲôܹûǲ̣ϧ
ֻͰ֮÷Ͽˣ¶˼ּ񣬱()꣬εıȽϺãй¶һЩ
ֳͻȻ̧ͷȥһ()ק˹
ߵԱߣܶ˶ΪҪˡ
ϯ㶣ЩĪĶһۣϴ˵鷳
嶨ĿڷԼ͵飬ǵĻ
оܵ˴ŲͬĿͶ()ϣмƴŶ۹⣬Ҳ˹ǡ
̧ûİ˷һۣҸ
ڳ˶ɴ۾˳ǣʵû뵽ȿڵ˾Ȼôš
ϵǵըˣԵĿǵڶѧԺ˭ǵķٰ
ȻǷ׷Ϊ˸Ů˵ĵӿɲһĴ󣬿϶Ҫʰˡ
˭֪۾һĻˣʼ磬(ͦͦ)ÿġ
дЦ㻹е۹⣡
վŸ°ֹ̧˹
廹()ߣԱߵϡ
ϯ¶һĿɿڴģǰһԼϴǲǷˣ
ǰҪ˭ô˵ǾҪߵġ
ѵϴһ۾Ϳɫ
Ҳ԰ϴòɫġ
ºͷЦЦؿʣ˵Ҫң
ɫһ䣬صӡ
ҾķͷϷҪˣĵ̫ˣ
ɽֳ˾°͵һĻ
ֻӣ()ޱȵɨɨڳˣʲôʱ˵Ҫˣ˭˵˵ҴϢģأ
()

236.236 ôˣ

236 ôˣ
ҥеŭǸʮѡ޿ΣҪºһ¿εȤ
˭֪Щ쵰˸Ҫİ汾һϷģԲаȥ
ϹЩţʮֵҥµˡ
رЩ˺пܻŵ⡣
ŵĻڳȫ±ˡ
˵Ҫģôˣ
ѵû
˭ҥڸҹԹԵվҲûôˣ廷ֻ֣Ȼһİ·˹衣
⣬ԴһڶĹҲԵ˧ֿᣬŮ̲סֺζ̫ˣ
ڳٲּ˵˵ͷû˳ϡ
һҲûϵӵҥҪñֵĴۣ
ն˲һȥõĲƵ绰ֻͨ
鵽˭ѧԺҥ𣿡
ǱߴһȵѾˣҰǼ˵Ϣնϡ
У
绰ˣ㿪ն˿һۣȻӦƬڽҡ
ȻˣͶָָԶŵǵӺܷʰ
٣ңǴˣ
Ҳ˵ģΪΪҲ˵һ˲ѡʮѡ޿εġ
һȴһ¾Ͳ鵽ǣҷΨһľϴ
˭˵ģüͷĿһ㿴ˣ()ôխ˿˵һݲ£
ҪǱ˿˵һҲݲ£϶һʵԷѹȥɻ˵һӦ(qng)
ûô()խͷð亹󱳷
Ҳ˭˵ˣ˲Żᴫȥġ˼ı粵
һ㻹û˵ѣܸоǶ˵ЩʶľȥɢˣȥϷ
Цɱĺܺã
ӽҳֵĵط뿴ǣ
һһǼӣ治ı
ֻ˶ûвıѧУﻹŲ򵥵ﰡ
תͷ˿֮ǰΧ()תģԲʲôɺϡ
()ǣǣԺǾԲڷǰ
ʮ˵Լܳ˽ң̫ˣǵһ̲ס˫ȴ̫ˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

237.237 ģ

237 ģ
ô˵ܵڳ˾ú˭ǵ˷ء
Ժ(r)ҲùҺҴٵҥԣҪߵġ
ȫ˵ԺҪ˭ٸҴӺҥԣǾͲѧԺˣ
֮ǰҪϷӣͷҿ壬ʵ̫ǿˣ
忴Žܶ˶ȣ¡
ȻյԱߣקָֻģⴿҥ㿴Ѿϴˣ
ЦɵƯ
ôŹǣһתʡ
˾㱻󵼹ҲҪ˼򲻻ͷ
ԵڶѧԺ(ͦͦ)ģҲѧϰȥɱӺбҪ
巢ǶԼθڣװȻôˣֻСƶѱQ˶ãǱСе˼
ţһ˰ɣЦһỺȴܾ˱һ
ڳ˶һʶҲǺǵģ
年ģ
⻰Աŵϯþ㤣һŰϴʲôʱôˣ
Ҳٴξ°ͣ⻹ǸУԷ
ʱ۾Ϲ˵Ҳˣ岻ֻ鷳Ӧûʶҹϵǳ
ĵͷã
ֲ͸һٺóԵİɡ
ƯһﾡЦ⣬ڳ˻ڶǣ˳ʲôϳ˻
ǷȷĴ򿪷ʽϣ
ˣû˸ٶǣǷ׷ƿĿ⣬ﻹھþþòܻ
رǶԷ(i)ĽŮĸһأ񶼼ˡ
Ҳи˸٣˭û뵽Ȼº͵һ档
ܿ죬ҩѡ޿εĵʦ˽
һò()ʣһۿȥܾ޵Ůӡ
һͷɫͷ̳ɴˣְҵװ()Ͼһ欸С
ߵ̨ɨɨˣ촽α˻(ͦͦ)ģҲ֪ʱжٲ񣡡
ѧһͷߣλ˵ʦȻһʹǡ
Ҷ֪λѧԺĸ˭˭ߣǳĬ
ֻԭ(r)ֵѧһƬ̾ôôùҩѡ޾ȻλοΡ
ҽʦ£ǵҩѧѡ޿εʦ
ҶûʲôҪ(i)ôѧôѧҵҩѧοɲôûģ˲ģ
()

238.238 

238 
ʦµ()Ӻһ㶼°ַ
֮Ҳҽˣѧĩǰ֮һϵ˻½뿪ģҲ˷ʱ䡣
һһǵʦǲҷ
˶ŷȥҪԿĸҲֻλŸˡ
ȴ˿İϷŵıʣһЩʧ
ˣʽʼϿΣ
ʦֱӽ⣬һԭҩϵѧĪ(r)ֱˣӦҲѧƸȤӦ˽ֱֲҩĽܲ֡
ͬѧԼȥѧϰҲܿöÿ¶֯һοˣصֱ뿪˵ǸͲʺѧƣ˷ʱ䡣
ôҲΪҪɸѡϲҩ츳ܳΪҩʦѧ(r)Ӻͻӭ
⻰·ɫ˱䣬ȻһĿࡣ
ϯͬ¶˿࣬Լϴһ̲סʣǲģ
ϰ()Ʊϵ۾ģԼ̣
ϯ˳ǣ˼ûˣ
Ȼϴ
ʼ磬ʲôõĵģأ
ϯһͷߣϴܲܿʲôϵ
ͬѧȻҿġȻ˵ϯһǰ׳յ
ϯҪˣͻȻʶˡ
Ƴ˷һû˵ҲĬ˵
ȻǸʮѡ޿εģȻˣඪ
ʦºܿͽ˿γ̵⣬ʼӼ򵥵ҩ
𱬵()Ӻ;欵ݣ֪ʶܹ㣬ϿδӼѽĺܵλ
úȤһλܳɫĵʦ
ģоγ̵ĽϤ漴۾¶־ȡ
ԭҩѧûκȤģһʼ()ţʧȥģſ˯
ϯҲúģԼϴ˯Ҳˣͬſ˯
ַ˯ĸ첲һѣںŵ˿Ųɵõɴ۾Ϊ˰Ѻ
Ȼڷ˯ʱ˵˯ʱƢõġ
̧ͷüң
Ҿ÷ٿҪˣ֮ǰѵõĺƢԽԽˡ
ΣȻͳȥ˵ģĳ˳ȥǸӡ
()

239.239 ⻹ʶķ

239 ⻹ʶķ
˵˵Ȼ󣬵ǰźͺ漸һֱעǵ˶ˡ
һޱȣȻҹܷ٣ֱǵ찡
뿴壬ʮ**ᷢˡ
֪ˣ˭ֻ֪ǲͷֱ()ӣȻȻ濪ʼˡ
⻹ʶķ𣿲ѧ
ҲҪʶԼλֵˣɲ·
ȴҿ϶Լֵ֮ܺ϶ʶǱȽ֡
ʦ½βŰżַȤҲѹֱΪڶѧԺõҩʦһÿθоʱܿ͹ȥˡ
Ŀγ̾͵ȥ֮Լ֪ʶ㣬һÿβǸϰģϣ¸ܿճɵλ˵Ÿ߸Ь뿪˽ҡ
ϲȻֽҩѧµѧΪʲôУݻ߿(r)ģɾ
ϯ¿ξ̧ͷԼϴֱ()ӣϴˣ
һۣҾû˯ҿ½ڿβˣʡһ֮󱻸߸ˡ
Լֵʲô()ӣһѧҩĲϡ
ϯûһѪ³ϴ˵ԼһһĲϲҩ
㶼ܹҲ϶ܹҪߴһߡ
ЦУҪͷǾ԰ɡ
ͱʼǱյռվ()Ҳվȥ˵Ժ()ˣ
ЦĿϣ
Ȼˮһ뿪λŴſȥ()
ˮһʿˮһڿʵûȥ̫࣬һֱڶԼѵĸְС
ȻܽŪ÷ֱ̫˼ˣڶûЩš
ϯһҲȥ
ٴ𾪣קУݾȻʵʵĸ()Ҳ̫ˡ
Ůǳ˽ţȦɵú˺죬Ǹʲô**ҩ
Ľ
ŮҲ׷׵ͷǰΪʲôƴӣ
Ȼ˦ӹƾʲô
ǰѵʶ𣿡
϶ѵûֱ֮˲岻ȥ𣿡
ҵѵŮ˵𣿡
ʲôõģǸ츳䵽dķôҲֲ
˰ɣûҲġѧڵݳȥ(qng)飬˼ҿˣ˵˼ǷҲ˵һ˵ﶼ硣
㡭
1430~~
()

240.240 ŷ֣

240 ŷ֣
ܿ죬ҩϵҷ(qng)ʹУ԰ܶ˶ԴȴôţرŮ
ҲвŮΪ˵£е(qng)ơ
֪һÿѧУĺܶŮˡ
֪ˣҲ⣬֮ЩŮ˱һյĿ߸ʶˣ
ˮһ޼һֱں棬ʣôһֱǣ
Ժ()ˣԸȥһݸ
ʣһԷǲɣ
ô˵ĲǹõĵطҲѯǵ
⣬ܺԷ뻹(ͦͦ)õġˮһ޺ٺٵЦЦ
漴գգ۾˵ʲôϵ
̹(())ЦѰɡ
ô򵥣ˮһܾѺ֮ദðķۺϢ
ʧЦǰô򵥣
ϯҲСĶԷʣϴǸ
ƳһۣȻȥԷˣ
ϯ廹ЩӦȥ䷹
ɡ˵
ϯʣ֮ǰʶ
ϵõѾȥֱӲ䷹ĵز
ϻʶȥʲô
˵ȥ䷹ǸҸ
һصһȥ䷹
()ôóԣν()ӦҲ
ϯͷȥ
û˵ֲûнţҪ㣿һȥ
ϴҪǣϯһԹ
㲻Ҳ˵
ͷ󣬡УŰɣҲմҵĹ⣬ǵģ
ԼֵܣȥһٷҲûʲô
˱ڿȥˡ
¥˻Ǿ£֮ǰˮһѾϢкˣ
ˮһо˵㣬Ȼһѹɽ

Ķ˵ͷкȻˮһԱߡ
˼䣬ˮһ޾òˣʱҸ˵һ¡
Ƚ˹񣬻ڽӻϯżһ䡣
廰٣оͼûʲô˵ģ()ȥ
ԼϴȻϯɴ۾Щţ˹ʣϴ첻Ծ
ŷ֣񾭡
һ԰ɣϯ̲סʡ
۾Ų񣬵ϵӦòǳ
˿źȽ׽ֲ̫(qng)£ֵ̺ܸߣ(qng)̾еǺˡ
()

241.241 ôɺ

241 ôɺ
մӿռóʳĴ˽
ãæϴϴˡ
ũҲԷʱ򶼻æ
һʼһﻹ⣬ʰһξ͹ˡ
߹ȥժˣѾ֮ǰô׾ȱңȻУ
Цɱˣ
𲻺˼ͷʣҴǸ㿴𣿡
ҡҡͷûĶô򿪿
ڰ֣Ǵģ
ʲôе档
Ц˵ǿ()ʯҩĺһЩѪëƤ
֮ǰ˵Ҫնɱǿޣ㾫ѪëƤ
ü۴ЦԼ˵Ļ(ͦͦ)ĵģĲֵñ
Цʣʲô
ˣЦ
аɣһתҪȥҺסһҲʶ
üôܳһ𣿡
ٺЦȻûôˣԺ˻
ɲϰߺͲϤסһҲ棬ϯԼ͸㶨ˡ
ԭܻᡣ˲
年ȻˣҪѡȭͷҪѡ񲹳Щ˻ѡʲô
İһۣ³
(ƨp)ҿˣǶϯϲɵ(qng)Ʋ
ŵϯ廹֪Լֱӱϴˡ
˵Ļ𣿡ԼƵѹ£˻ס˵ѵĿ()
һвˣһ˵ǲ˵ѣʮ**˰ʾ
е**ҩӦǿģǲǵõ˭˵ĺпܡ
ժõĲϴϴһ£ǣҲǸΣصĻġ
룬֮ǰĵƬһ˵Ŀ()ȽϴԲ鿴ǲǡ
չȥ˿ƬʶҲûעˣôỳģˣűĵġ
֪ܶ(qng)ͷ˵ؿʼҾ;һɵ⣬ȻҾһա
ϴοѧұҲ磬˱һ٣뿪ʱһۣҲ²Ѳϵ
Σ鵽ƽҲΧתģΪôɺϵ(qng)
üͷĻǻǸ()һֱںʹ
()

242.242 Ȼ

242 Ȼ
ɲ()߻Ǳֻ
Ƭңȥ飡
ͷƬնϣʵѾȥˣӦþͻϢ
Ǳ֮ǰ˵ܸ𸴡
죬˭ȥˣ
ǰ˹Ǹ˵ɣ
ʵĵһ¥
ԭǵһ¥ͷǼҲϢȷʵ(ͦͦ)׵ģǼ۸еڡ
Цʣȥչ˹Ǽ⣿
ǰЩǲȥģȥǾ(ͦͦ)áʲô
˼۸ȷʵ(ͦͦ)ڵģҶûչǮء
Ǳңʡ
صûиӲ(qng)ʮҪǲӵʮ򣡡
۸ԡ˵ҪȰϣ
ڰ֣ʱã
ˣæظǻҪҶ𣿡
ҶӦǮȽϿ죬֮ǰҲǴӦ˵ġ
û⣡֪ҪԼȥ(qng)Ҫظ绹绰ҰæŪ轻ء
轻ҲһֳȥϲࡣۿԺڵ㡣
Ц˵ãҼƿ
Ҳˣ뿪լǶ˳ۣȻ͵ˡ
ʵҲǸԻҪŪûӺʹȻҲ١
ҸʮƿԼȥɣ۸ԽԽáͳһȻҴһ˷ֱˣ鷳ءҪ߼(qng)ʺϡ
崽УҾ˵벻ҡ
(ƨp)һۣϴˣīԣ
ǣŮˣЦżϴˡ
һĻñ뿴Լϴٸʲôϯ˸ţ
Ҳϴ㾹Ȼϴˣ̲סұ˻ôƢ
תͷüϴôˣϴʲô
ϯ廹±ȣҾ;ϴϴˣе𾪡
һۣûʶϲһһէġ
ϵսµ˳ʮѺ˵ĵ䷶ɪ˵
ϯһͷߣϴǲǳԴҩˣ
תͷͷ˵ҪǲԾ͹
һﻹ᲻ˡ
ϯƲƲ죬ȻҪˣǼ
Ȼһ̵ܻ˿ȻϢС顣
پȻϴˣ˵ˣˮһ޺ͬš
ôҲǶϴ˵˰
Ȼ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

243.243 Ҵ˻

243 Ҵ˻
һһէģķȴܵ
ʰϴ(qng)ſʼʱҲúܱŤϰҲûʲô
ʣҩεĵʦ𣿡
ѧԺ﹫ϵĸҲе߼ҩʦ֮һ屳ҲȽǿƣǸ߼ҩʦүүҩʦĻ᳤ء
ʣôȤˣ
ǸȤҷϿΣʶһλҩʦ
ֻλʦõϵͳװĻȽϹŰ࣬()ҲǣʦʦȫֽȻ෴ķ񡣡
Ҫڿεķʽ񣬻һЩСϸһģһҶ޷ϵ
ֻƾڿηʽСϸڣȷͬһˣʡ
صλʦ̸˵ǵڶѧԺҩĵʦڹء
ʮ**Ӧǣʦʦȥв뱻ϳɣϾ۶Ƚϴ󣬻͵һѧԺҩʦϡ
Ц˵ܷһʱĿΣҲᱻֵġ
־ͷˣ(ͦͦ)ϲġ˵
ЦȻˣͬ
Ӧòʲôûüʲô˼
ĸʱҲĸǱʣ()Ц
˺ڣеͳ˹ȥ
ܿ죬һ
ŵζˮһ޺æ
ƽҲϴ˺ʰʲôģзڣǲûнȥ
ϯҲ߽˳ûʲô԰æģϴ־˲ϡ
ܺõĲˣŴδŹζ˲öӶˡ
Χȹߵλ£Աߡ
Ϊʢһ뷹Է
һۣ
ӣ˵ԼûǱʣڲ
ֵһۣ㻹˵
()Ҳˣ
()ϯǰ˹ȥǶԵ㣡
ϯܳð
һͺˣҵĲˣ
˭ˣ
ЦãҴ˻𣿡
ȥũɻһ죡Ӧöִе㽱ƶȡ
ԭҪɿģȥУУϷ
ԺҲ˵ŮĸˣȻоԼܲң
һĻҲû˾ŵ°ͣûɣ
ȻϴͻȻˡ
ʦǽ㣬㲻óҩóģ~~~
()

244.244 û

244 ()û()
ϯĸдǴСͷ峤󣬻ǵһμϴ
һμܲ𷴶ƤЦĴȥ
˵Ĺϵǲһ㰡
͵͵Ů˺ܲ򵥣ȻϴүӺԶģţ棡
ҲŮ˭ϲ˼ҺԼĸԼǱȽġ
Ϸˣü۴Ц⻹࣡
巢ֺŮҲǸȴУú(ͦͦ)˼ġ
Լֵڴÿ룬ԣ
ϯ˳ǣһȫ()û()
ԭԼֵܣģסˡ
ѵÿֵܳԱϷǶ࿴һʱ
(())()һʱˬԺеܵġ
ϯҲǸû(qng)̵ģһΪԼһʣϴ㲻һ
û
һ£һҪҲϰأ˭һֻ֪(r)ӡ
ϯ㽫պȽȥ˵ǺϽһ
ԼϴƽӿϿεʱ٣һŸͷԣſ˵һҲ˼˵(r)ӡ
üǣϽôĵһҼǵȫУһٶɣҪ˵ķһѣƾĻη֮ܵ󡣡
ϯȥû㣿ֵʱ嵶ӵġ
ϯһڣҲ˵
ôû᣿ϴ˵һ˵ڶֻһٶܷŹŹˡ
ϴ̫ˣרų˼ʹ
年Сӻ˵㣡
ͷЦʣܵ⣿
̧̧°ͣã
˵ʱ򣬺()ѾûˣЦ
ע⵽ϯȻù˶˼()ȻʣµĹ⵹跹ɾûġ
ĺ()̫ζˣúóԣϯһһ()ĴָԷͶȥһô
һСӣӵţ
Ȼר()еǰ취һ
ϯȻ֪ԼϴֶΣе㷢Ȼζ󣬻£أúóԣ
忴Լĺ()һһİǽھͽֵӳȥ
()

245.245 ˾֮·˽֪

245 ˾֮·˽֪
ģ֪ƽ(qng)ܺá
һ()ŵ԰ɣȻ˶ûˣ
ղһʼ˵עŵ()ϡ
ڲŷϵҲѾ˴롣
ϯǶͶ̥ⶼʢ˵뷹
ȻԵĺ˹ģɼв˵ٶȴ˿ҲѾʢ˵뷹
ˮһ޺¿ӵٶҲܿ죬ڶ뷹Ҫˡ
忴()ͷίͰ͵Ŀã
֪ͺãԺɱˣһȻȽϰ()קҲиǱռġ
űϰ()ˣҪҹ
ǺЦһ
ԼϴȻ¶ίͰ͡衢ĸֱ(qng)ϯüֱûˡ
ͷ𷹲ϴǳԴҩˣ
ƬµȾһζЦ⣬ԼֵҪˡ
ˮһ޺̫˧קȴûм¶ô()һ棬˲
ԭҲ()ˣǼʶˡ
ԭͷһദԷܽţĪķ
ҲˣҲ(qng)Уֻǰܽ˻ûְˡ
ǵѾǸţˣ÷ģԺҲûʲôѵģʱһ
˵˵ֻѹϵ˻ǾԼһĹ
극ˮһҪվȥʰӣԷͶȥһ
ûԱĴӵϯһţ㻹ǲˣôܿŮʿʰأ
ϯ˳ǣ㻹ء
ڸղϴĺ()()ȥæʰ
ŷʣ治ǻȥ
ڰ֣ȻȥҲϰҩѧĻ
Բܿ˲߳ȥҲ̫ˣ
ЩҩԼȥҲܿģҪ˼ҰæΣо˾֮·˽֪ΪҪ˼()ҽء
ѵÿֵӴŮˣȻԷǰŮ˾Զֶ֮ӵ̬ȣһӴ
УҺϯȻȥˣ
վ()ԷЦЦ˵ҹǵôһݻǣ
˵ƯЩ˿ز¶⣬Ǻõû˵
˵ֵܽܵĹ⣬Ժ󾭳ʳء
1430~~
()

246.246 ܱʷ

246 ܱʷ
ô˵ϯ۾Ҳ
ǰϴ󣬼ǵøǴҹ
ҹ֪ء
֪ˣͷİڰ֡
ʰɾˮһ޺кͻطˡ
ߵ߹ȥ¡
ҰҩѧĻαԼ¼ıʼǶͨն˷ˣԼúÿɡ˶նˡ
꣬㲻ҽ⣿
ЩҪӲĶҪ⣬㿴סͳɡ˵
򿪿˿涼һЩֲҩĵȼȫԼ;ȣ;ͷˡ
ôڱôˣüЦʡ
չüͷôܣС˼
ҲҴǸӿռ˳
Ҵ˹
ЦǸģ⣡
ͷĶһһ˳Ȼһء
Ŀռ仹󣡡Ȼôණ
Ц˵Ȼˣѹռѹܼ
ǻ(ͦͦ)ģϺûְҪûпռ䣬Ҳ϶һ
年ǹ˾зƷûء
µĶ⻰̧ͷǹ˾
԰׼ȷ˵ҵĹ˾Ҳзġ岢׼
˵ԼĲҵ֮ǰôô
˺ڣܱʷ
ҹ˾׬Ǯսˣʱպתˡ͡
Цʣ㹫˾ʲôģרģ
һۣǸֻģ
ǹ˾רзͲƷ󵽷СñӦоС
ˣǸָ
ͷǻ(ͦͦ)ðɣ
Ҫǲã˵()ӿѾˡ
ǵȻߵǸ߶˶·ߣŶӶƲƷĿͻѾŵβˡ
֮ǰֻΪȤƱƵĿôһҹ˾˭֪(ͦͦ)׬ǮҲȽǾˡ
ҲһЦ˵øҴۿۣ
ʣҪ
ũĹãҪҲʲôģҲܷ¡Ժˣв۾鷳
ͷҲãЩʿֶȽҲбϡ
ҲũĹɶ㶫㸶Ǯˣȥ׼ǡ
ҲУ
()

247.247 Ǹ

247 Ǹ
ϵĶcԴʯһٶ飬ħһʱˡ
һЩûУȴպöʶõϵҩֲ
ǿ޵ľѪʮܣëƤҲкü顣
ϸ˿оνǿ޺޵ëƤѪ(ͦͦ)ġ
ԷʣЩǿ޻ûΪ𣿡
ڵ⣬ܻûΪΣֻǺǵòϻǻһЩ𡣡͡
ͷǾ޵Ĵˡ
ڵ֮Ķ𣿡ʡ
̯̯֣ûУҲһֱоǿ޵()û˵ڵ
лˣЩ(ͦͦ)õġ
ȥоЩѪܲҩҽȤ(i)á
ԭЦŵĿһô죿
裡()ͻȻȥ̸̸轻۵ļ۸񡣡
ε˵㽫ۺͲҶңҰȥ
Լ֮󣬾ͱ˶ӣޱֿ
ӿռóʮƿ轻ۺʮк衢̲衣
ɣҶð˽˹˵õļ˳ľԼɡһŪôöȻҲǮ
Цʣøǲн
ߵǰͷ˵¸()
ô򵥣ü
Ŀܻȥ()ԣ
ũ()ţܿʼ()ˣÿƷ
ǰûǵһƷģãɲ׼˳ԣ
İɣ϶һѾ֪κһˡ
ȻһȾЦ⣬ϵĶ
ȥˣϸϢ
üܳȥ
Ȼ˲ܣȴа취ɪ˵
һţ͵ģ
ȥɣҵĺϢ
屳ڰ֣ؼ
뿪ȥ¥۵ʵң˽ȥȻǿ޵ľѪϸо
ǰѧ޾Ѫĵڵ򼸺Ҳֻޣܵʿ籣Ҳһֱû֡
ڵǿԷоˡ
߳ԼҶȴһƵ绰
ܿ죬ȵ()Ӱ˻ϣڻ档
Ҫ轻ˣɫĿһִɳЦʡ
()

248.248 ڶ

248 ڶ
廹û˵ͻȻֳ˻ͽꪵ
Ū轻ˣ
ô˵Ҳ㣿
ȼԼҵܵһ˾˳˰ղŻ߶ˡ
һȥҺҵܴ绰ĽͷƣȻ()ߵ̨ϣ档
״Цϰ֡ģһһƿѾˣүүÿ˻һкһ̲衣
ȿݵЦݸȻҼ¾ôף
ԼҵܵܣҪ佱С
ȻеЦŨŨǵȻ
ϻмƿ轻ۺͼк̲裬֮ǰӦǻ۲ҶҾͰæˣǶзݡ
ͽֻǲ˵㣬轻ҵҼ󻧣˭ãظҶ
ȿЦã˻˰
岻ˣչˣҪõȥ۸ܳȥ
үҫ轻ۣڿв˾͵أֻǵ˺ҲпܻᱻǿվǱŪȥ̣ĺö
ȳĿû˵Ҫչ˵ȻչˣʶĶǷ򣬱ȽϺף
巭˸ۣ֪ǸƤǣڶˡ
˵˭ȥ̸̸
ʣһƿ
ûãȻԽԽˣԭѴѶԼǾۣ۸ߵã
öһͳһļ۸ʡ˺
ȵͷţ۵(qng)һû⣬ȷʵ˺
㿴Ҫ˼һת˵
üҪ㲻ܵܶӰɣ
Ǹ˹İ࣬һӵĻˮˣ˼һҪл
ûİһۣСӣʲôʱӹˣ
˵˵룬ȷʵûôӹ
㽫е轻ۺͺ衢̲轻ңҰȥۣ֤۸⣬˳Ҳܻ(qng)ȲԼҵܵСۡ
ҲԼܳȥ鷳㻹ҹء
аɣҾͽˣ۸Ҫ̧
ģʲôʱԿˣ
ҲԣһѧУſڣҰѶ㣡
ãҵ˸绰
绰Ƚͽ˦ųȥҵܵ˶Ȼֱ۶ľƵꡣ
ס۹ĴŴ˵轻ۺͲҶ̸ܴһܶûнչĽ֡
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

249.249 ͼҵͻƿ

249 ͼҵͻƿ
ڵĵǺǨƵƬģ֮⻹ǿ޺Ѿڵ򣬷ֱ۹ٵ۹
۹ˣòϲû̫ҲڵǰƤƤͰƤ˵Ĳ
ֻʽЩͬҪܣ۹ǰޣٵ۹ǰֲԻΪҪսʽ
ǨƵʱһʼҲ⵽ų⣬ǧںϣ֮йͬĵˣŽĳ˽ȥ۹ںսԹϵ
ҲΪǺģܶԴǶ۹ռݣúʵ۹ġ
۹ĴŹݷãҩ˾Ҫ۹زɭݣһܵҩϡ
ֻϧԷһֱûɿڣ˾취ͼҵͻƿڡ
ҪǰȲ͵(qng)Ͼǵҩ˾𲽣Ϊҩҩ衢ҩ֣Լҩ˾˳ġ
۹ĲŸһӣ()ݳҵ⣬͵۹̫ӵĸ˹ϵڲŵľдλ
ʱݷã˹üͷͬһ档
ҪҲΪȵıͬ⡣
һƷ߽˻ҡ
˹ųðôţһĶŵģ
˹֪ðŻȴЦݣܿˣô𣿡
һϰߣϢʱ䲢ϲ̸һ䡣
üҩ˾ǺῴڷȵıϾ͸ԷߺţϢʱҲȷʵϲ̸ϵ(qng)
һЦҽݷò̸£ǵõ˼ƿۺһЩҶ˹Ʒ¡
֪֪˲ܰսʤѰڼ䣬Ͳ˹
֪˱Ƚϲڸ֮()֮ǰҲ˴֣ⷽϧʳﶼôȤ˶ʧˡ
˹üۺͲҶ
ˡֱԣǵ۹ҲУֻǿڸпɬҲϲ
˶˵ǵĲҲȹǸͺҩ࣬Ҳϲ
ôֱ˵˵ҲΪ˲˷ʱ䡣
Ҳ֪˼ֱӽƷķۺͲҶ˳
˹ǰƷķۺͲҶȻţù֤ûг
()

250.250 ų߲ܵ

250 ų߲ܵ
ȼ˹һΪģҲԷ(qng)
ЦŽ۵ƿǴ򿪣һζ洫˳ԭĵ˹Ŀƿϡ
һũزԭ轻ۣζã̲澫Ŀ()׳ֹȲã
˹Щȷʣģ
˵ôҲûã˹ԼƷԣЦ˵
˹ԭǲȤģɱǼŵ㣬ȴҪĳ嶯
УǾͳɣ
˹ĹܼҰæһˮ׼һӡ
ƿҨһ׷۷ŵˮ˽ڻŶ˸˹
ַۿֱӵƳɷˮҲ⿡
˹ӹӺһڣڸ⡣
һڣϲζ
ǰԹķ۲ͬ
дȤʣܵ𣿡
Ƚƿ˹ȥǵȻˣ
˹ҨһУȻ۾һ
ȻֱʳζŨǳϲ
ܣҺϲ
Ц˵˹ϲͺãҲǽ֮г۵ģ۶ܶҸ߲۸Ȥϧûġ˵Ƚϲʳһʱ͹Ʒ¡
˹ô˵(qng)ܺãȲ˵ѣһ¶ڡ
ҾͶлܵĺˣ
轻ж٣ȫҪˣ۵ģֱ˵۰ɣҲԿ
ƷҪ£Ҫǣ׺
Ц˵۾þҸղ˵ĹЧԳ۵ļ۸ԻһЩһƿʮǱң
ǱǼͨûң佻ҲǱҺԴʯΪ
˹ͺܵ꣬ûһƷ֪Ȼ۸񲻱ˣĺöҲֵ
УҾȶһƿɣȥЧټܰװȥ
ź˵˼˹ԭǹŵʱѾֵĲҩҲо˺ܾòֺѳۣȽ١
ֻƿҶųϢͱˣ
˹£תһҲҪ򵽵ģҲ̫ûˡ
ƿҶҪˣĺˣҺȼ쿴Ч治ĻǿԶģ˹ζ˵
Ҳų߲ܵ㣬ãƷ
ɶˣ۵ĲϢд16ɣôô~~
()

251.251 

251 
֪˹϶ϲóв衣
裬Ҫ𣿡
˹ԲûȤԭҪܾתһ빬е̫ϲȲ裬ԹеĲܲ⡣
ЦŵͷãҲƷ£
վ()úֱ̲裬˵˹ǰ
Ǻ裬ůθ˼ƣ͡ˮסֹкǿĹЧ
̲裬ġ(r)ʳ̵ȥʡֹʡĿֹʪã
˹ǵһ˵ֹЧȶһڡ
ͬǺҩһĸܣڸл
ֶ̲һڣʴڸкܺá
ǰȵҪúֻܶ࣬ұ˻Ǹϲȷˮ
ɴЦÿ˵ϲòͬ˹ϲȲ裬Ҿʹȥ˰ɡ
˹ֹ̧һתЦ˵ţȻҸϲȷˮ̫ȽϲȲ裬˴ȥ񣡡
֮ǰǶλ̫ȴҪӭ϶ԷϲãֻҪˣ̫Ӿܸã
ջ֣ԭԼ˴ȥүүȣȻ˹Ҫ̫ҲͲ(i)ˣ
ļ۸ʮǱһУ
֪ԼҵܵܰϪ˼۸ص˵ǱһС
ȻҪ۸ġˡǼ۸Ȼ÷У
ˣ˼һƷʲõβأʹĿӡ
Ȼ˹۸ûʲôӦûɣ
У̲УҲûˣʼ硣
˹İû⣬ȫҪˣ
漴˼һתܣҶѺܸȤ֪ܲлһ£
轷ۻǺ̲裬˵вͬĹЧûȥ̫ϲȻҪعģֱӺӵ߼бҪ
󷽵Цŵҿ԰תͬĻԼʱһ£
Ҿ͵ȷܵϢˣԺǿԶ˹Ȼô˵ҲΪۺͲ裬һ¾ͺͷȺ

ٿ˵ĳ⣬ǵ۹ɭݳҲ࣬ǰٵ۹ͻṺȥһ󲿷֡
Ҫ߸г⣬ῼǽٵ۹ķݶ٣ĿǰΪֹû¾ϵĳ嶯
ǸˣֺͶԷգõģҾͲ˹Ϣˣǣ
˹վ()Цͷܳȥ
()

252.252 ûл

252 ûл
žƵ˲٣ȽƵ굽Ϣܿʹ˸ҩ˾ϲĶ
ԴҲǺܷϣʵҪ۹ҩ˾ȵҩ˾ģСҲû
ڵԸ׺ս˧үүıϧǿ۹Ϊѡ
Ϊû˹ҲǷȣ˴ҶעתƵҪôӭ˹ϲϡ
˹תˣȲŸյ˶ԷתǮ
ֽǱתԼҵܵܡ
ȻԼıϴ裬׼ȥ
ͼԼҶתô˵绰ȥ
磬ֻ򣿡һƿ۾ȻʮǱңҲʮ
ȹЦЦȻҪףȻʵˣ
ҰѶ۹Ĳų˹
Ȳˣһ棬ܺ
ܼĻüһ棬һǾһֻԺ׵Ļܶ࣬ʶ¶ûл۹ĺҪɭݣеĸϵӦףǿ
ЦôķĿ϶ġ
𸴣
ã
»һ(to)·߳ϯˡ
ϴôҪȥϯʡ
Ц˵ʮ**Ҫȥҹɡ
ڣǰ
ϯ˹ϴһȥɣ
ķ̫ζˣȻԵĺܱѾòˣܵǣ
һۣһȥҹֻ˳Ķѣ
ϯһԹҪ׼˵ͱסˡ
ϴȥɣǵҹǻǲҪȥݺãϴ϶
嶪һ񣬡Űɣ
ôǱңӦûҹ
˵ڰ־ʧҹĻ
ϯʣǸȥ䲻ǸϴҲ֪᲻
һ(qng)̲͵ģ϶ģİɡ
һߣվڱſڸһ绰
굤ҩΪȽϵûڻ𣬽ҩ͸¯Чȴ롣
컹ȥԣܲһ¯ҩ
ҩװƿӵ˷ĵ绰
ͨʣôͻˣ
()

253.253 ôң

253 ôң
վڱſڣЩ졣
ҡҡ֣ţ
նңأ˱ţ¥Լķ䡣
С߽ȥɳϡ
Ϊһˮ͸㶨ˣ
忿ɳϣŶȣǵȻģ
εļ۸֤⡣ɪ˵
ЦҶŵģ˶٣
Ҳֱ˵תǱֱתô࣬ظǵҷϢʼĸǣֱӽǱҴ˻ˣ
ǵѾյˣͷͷµתϢ
Щ̧ͷʣ˭ˣ۸ôߣ
Ҷȥ۹ĲųˣǾֻ򣡡
Цżˣһ棬Ӧɺĺ
ͼݲʷҲ֪۹Ĵڡ
԰ôķװײף
ԭԤļλǲҶǱһУ轻ʮǱһƿǲҶãڵ۹ĸҸ߲㶼һСĿٸ߿϶Ͳˡ
ڸĳڣָ߼ۻǷǳġ
۹ų򽻵Ҫעʲô𣿡
罫ԷӦòֻöԷԼĶô򵥡
ҲһɭݣܵҩǱ˵û̫󣬿ٹȴܴ󡣡
ֻ󲿷ֵɭݶٹ¢ˣܹ򵽵ǳ٣óҩҲٵÿ֡
γʹų˹þƿɭݵĻԴҩ˾Ͷȥ֦ϧθڡ
ǺսԺ飬˴˼Ҳž۹ͱǿһֱ׷ϣ
Ҫ㹻ɭݣĸ߽ҲܵõսҲҶŻôȥȡΪĹ˾ҲΪ
()ΪԵĶӣһսս˧ӣµĳ㣬ܶʱ򶼻ῼǵø㡣
ͷ֪ˣ
÷罫˹ϲ÷һݸңǾȥ˽˹ݳԷɡ
ЦãҪܰæ㶨ɭݵĽڣǴ󹦳
ʧЦôң
ϻ㣬˭֪Уһ˵θС
()

254.254 Ҳ

254 Ҳ
ļ
ͳ仰Ͱһأ
û˵ұأûࡣ
漴ЦŴչȥҪ
˳һѣ
Ͷ岻ɣ˵õҹأ
üʲôʱ˵õģô֪
˵߼нҾҪҹˣֱ׳
˵ǸԻ
Уŷȥ(r)档
Եúˬٳݴ̵Ĵߡ
ֲķϣǶֳˡ
(r)ȥյϯļӭ
ϴĶ̫óˡ
ϯڵĳ棬ͻȻоҼҵЩ÷ϣ
ԵıȽ˹ģû˵
ζĿ˷һۣԺ˭Ȣ˭Ҹˣ
ϯʮͬĵ㣬ȷʵ
漴תתҪȥ׷ɣ
ûԽȥһﵨӺܷʣҺϴŮˡ
ϯô˵ĪһֲˬΪ˿ڳԵľȥ׷˼ңǶԼͶԱ˵Ĳ𣡡
ϯ˵ҲûֻΪ˳ԵİƯո߳ɣ()ҲȽϲҲദҪ׷ҾԸ𣡡
(ͦͦ)кøеģһ˵ϲϡ
˲˺ڣ㻹˰ɣſأ
ôǶˣѧԺ׷ҵŮɲ١ϯƲƲ졣
ü׷ҵĶࣿ
ϯһҭ˲䲻˵ˡ
ιЦԺմҵĹԵУͱˣ
ϯߺߣ֪ˣ
¥˷䣬ü˼
ϯԽԽԾ
һ꣬ʣôоϴֻô򵥰
˭ҵѻֹȥ׷ģһ˵ռ()
Ҫǹٶ۵ģȻſ
ϯ(qng)ϴǶͼ
ȿȣҸղ˵Ҫ׷Ժ󲻻ṫ˽Ұɣɿһ
ŵֽ˲죬Ͷȥһร񣬡ԺϴԵľУͱˣ
ԻᱻҲ()¥
һЦõϯ壬Ҳ;(ͦͦ)õģѡ׷һŮ˵ĻǱȽϷż׼
ɼȻϴϵķ()϶ȥ
ȿȣҲ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~(r)ˮѾöˣллҵĹģ(i)ǣôô~~
()

255.255 

255 ()()
˻϶˼ǱңҲ˺ܶࡣ
ֻкͲǱ߿ӪҵʳƷ˾ǱҲ׼ˡ
ϴԭҪȴնһϢǵһ¥ġ
Ǹ˺ţ硣
˵һ¥֮ǰӴŮЦ˹
С㣬
ٴνǸ䣬֮ǰίӡ
ЦſС㣬ίе(qng)Ѿˣ
ԭʱ䲻ôȴ鵽˲صߣԾ͵˼졣
ѶȲ𣬲֮ǰѾ̸˼۸Ҳٶշѣ׬ˣ
ʱ;Ǹ()()ݣӦòô򵥣Ҳû뵽ḴӵѶĳ̶ȣһֺ档
һֽǮһֽ(qng)𣿡
ӽһ˺ŵݸȽʮǱ˾У
նתʮȥ
յѣ㿪ڵҪ˽нףϵ()ǽϵүʵȴǽҼ˽ӡ
ЩĪң۶ȽļûнҰɡ
ӽ͵˵ĽȷʵǴ壬ǵϵһȴˡ
ȢҶұȽܳС㣬ʸҶңҲԭֻһСطĽңһԾ塣
()Ƚл츳һѧԺƸ¼ȡӦ֪һѧԺǳɼǳ㣬յĶб츳ѧ
ҲڵһУʶҶС㣬ҶС㵹׷(din)ãֻһŮ
ڻҶһ׹˾ʦ֮һ򶼱ȽĻ״ʦӵаٷ֮ҶҹɷݣԼвٲҵǸȽ־
Ǻɷ󣬷޺ܶ(i)˽ҶǾԲ֪ġ
һã˴˹ϵǳãҲ˵ǽҩʦ
£ԭã
ǽǽ˭µ˽أܾǸؼ㡣
ӻص֮ǰ˵ļйأǲ鵽ϢʵҲȽ⡣
׵ĸ׽ӰսӵŮͣôʶ˽ӵģΪʱԶûв鵽
Щصĺܺãڸǹǵһ¥ȥ飬еõһ˳ϣ鲻Ӱֹϵ벻׻˵˽ӡ
ʱҪȥܻ19ɣǰд꣬ǰ~~
()

256.256 һ鱨

256 һ(qng)
˵⣬ϢǳԾ
ļҵ֪𣿡
ǲ鵽ӰļҴ󷿹ϵǳȴûб¶׵Ĵڣļҵ˶֪(qng)
ҲˣҪ(qng)ʵ˺üߣǽ߾ͼӴǲ̽(qng)Ѷȡ
֮ǰ̸˼۸ǵһ¥ҲǼۡ
ЦЦ治
˵(qng)ļʽһ𣿡
ӱǸ˵˼ܵί񶼲ṩļʽ(qng)
һ¥ʲôҲ飬˭Ҳ飬ȴҲ鷳
ͷûоˣҲʡ
һټίи񣡡
Цŵ˵
ǰҲ齭ϺͽǺӰ֮ĹϵҲ¡
룬Ϻͽ()ݲ򵥣Ҫ鲻ֻҪʱ䣬յļ۸ͽײܴ󡣡
ǺӰĹϵڸǹôʶӰôɽ(qng)ģһܲ鵽
˵ûϵ鲻ֱӲڵ(qng)ҲУ˽»ûϵʲôʱϵĵȣ
Ϻͽ(qng)ҪϸģСʲôϵ֮Ĺϵûйϵ
ԭ()ĸףӰյġ
ӽҪļҪ(qng)ܶ࣬ǣСҲ֪᲻ڳʲô(qng)޷ıۡ
(qng)Ϣǻ֪ͨ㣬۸ʱܶ
Էģǵһ¥Ȼ۸񲻵ͣԲҺۣǶǸ(qng)ĵȼۡ
ֻҪЩԤҲҪǱϲУ
ˬ˵û⣬Ǿܷſȥ飬˽չҲϵңҰսȸҲУ
ʱƿ轷۾ˡ
ӾϲôˬĿͻãС͵ǵϢɣ
鷳ˣǡ
վ()͵ſڣ뵽ʲôսĶߵСôˬķϣҸһ(qng)
ͷţ
ӰһֱѰҹլλã˲ż崫е(qng)˵
Ҳǵ˲齭ʱзֵģ˵ûмֵλ󷽵¿ͻ˵Ӧûá
ü۴ЦлԺ(qng)㣡
һ¥շôߣЩרŸˣɹҲ١
Цŵͷ죡Сߣ
˼ˣ20~~ʱҲ~~
()

257.257 Ű

257 Ű
뿪֮󣬴ӿռóǰѹӵԿо¡
ûоʲôֽ˻ȥ
ҲϴλլзԿףӰҵ鷳ˡ
ߵ
ȵʱڳŨܶ࣬()жصӰ죬Ҳ졣
ϣֻ()ʵǿ󣬲汣ϡ
ڶ죬ϵĿΣճҾͷֺܶ˲ͣĳɨϵĲŮġ
߳ȥͼ崩Ű׳ڲԶǽϡ
һֲֻڿ鷢Ʈ˫()(ͦͦ)Σ׵һ羰ߡ
ܵϢ̧ͷЦ˹
߰ɣǳԷȥ
˽ĿͶ˹ֱΧۣͷţ
˲뿪ܿʧڴҵ
˵ά˹ϵǳЩŰɣˣ
پȻŮЦЦ˧
ȻſڽѧŰ
᲻Ѿ(qng)ˣ
ӦòᣬȻԷ()ֱ
ٶһ㣬ƽźܲһ
ǲ׷
ôܻῴ
ôˣƯ()ҲȽб£ͷٿ˲еһ׷Ҳ
ǣԲѾ˵ᣡ
ƸеļЩ˷ᣬ̲סվ˵˼䡣
ܿ죬ѧУ֪ȥϵ¿ΣȻһȥԷ
˲ŮģΪڶѧԺУĶһͨ
˵ȥǵıȥ
()ûԳɣǿҪһΡ
ֲķϣֻ˺()˺ʨͷӡ˿ּᡢ˿ϳ
ãϯͽˣųζ¶˾ϲɫ
ԭ¿κԼȥѧУԷ˭֪˵¡
˸յȥ¿ΣҪһԷϢǶ²˵͸ϻˡ
Ȼ緹
Ų˳˾Ȼϻˣû˵ǹ𣿡
ϯ߹ȥЦϴ̫ˣȻԶʳ
۾Ǵ
ϵѿܻԷҲڶˣҲȽ㡣
һ԰ɣ
ϯ໵˵ãҰȥ룡
()

258.258 ϲˣ

258 ϲˣ
ڣһ˵Ҫ׷ĻʱĪЩġ
ϯһţҪˣȥϴ֣
ϯ巭˸ֽۣ˳յ˵ϴģ㿴еŮҿ϶Ƿһң
()һеŮˣ
˵ˣ˼һתƳϯһۣ֪ͺãԺ־룡
û׷֣Ϳôϴռ()Ҳ̫ǿˣϯϷʡ
һţ
ԼֵΪԼ׷ûа
߹ķļ򣬡ֵܣδɹͬ־Ŭ
ЩȻ˵ûʲôģ
üûʲô
ͷڳʢڷ˵壬Ŀڣ˵Լϲ
ԼֵܴСŮ˶ȤŮ()鷳ڿӲֻ(qng)һͷ˽ȥȴ()ھȫ֪
Ȼ뿴Ϸȴµ츳ţ棬(qng)ȴ˵ֵܣӦԼĸ(qng)ʱѾ˱ˡ
ι¡
Ҳǵ㵽Ϊֹķļ򣬡ȥϴ֣
üͷ壬һȾһ˵ɫϲ
һµ߽˲ˡ
ԷʱҲЩĲɣ̲סն˵½վ˼֡ϲһʲôоʲô֣
ž͵˺ܶ廨ŵĴ𰸡
磬ϲһ˻춼ʱᾭ뵽ֻҪ(qng)ͻãһЩ(qng)ע⣬ȡˣҪ׷߿()һ᲻ȵȡ
ԽԽľΪòҲ(qng)
Ҳ˵Щ(r)ӵεεദУϲˣ
ͻȻЩ£֪ҪǺã
һμԷʱĲɣҲôУһİǷ
һѣʲôأ㲻ҪԺ()ֲУ
񣬲ͷγƯ۾ʱЩƿĿ⡣
ɿһղ˲鵽(qng)ϢˣҾˣһ㣡
ھͳԣȥк()ûʣˣֱӽӶ˹ȫǵԼϯһۡ
()רҪļһһ㶼Ծ
ϯȥĿӼ˸գƲƲֹС
ܿ콫Ӽˣһ߳Իһ߸̾ķ̫óˣԺ˭Ȣ˭ҪҸ
ô˵Ŷô˵
ЦЦл佱Ҳôã
年˹ˣſӼ뵽С
ҲһȣŶԾ
pkˣָĸлл͡ͶƱֵ֧ףôô~~~
()

259.259 ͼ

259 ͼ
극ϯʰ꣬¥ȥķ䡣
Աߣﻹм˵ıŤʱ͵һۡ
ͷüԴҩ
ǵС˼˵Ҳ˲飬нףǽҵһϵãҵһܽҼϲ
()һҩʦ츳ȽϺãѾǶҩʦˡϴۺǶʮģҩϵһȽҩϵʦĿá
ˣҲ鵽غ˽ӴǴε(qng)ʮ**Ļʹ
ϴʳõ(qng)Ҳġ
εҥûԲ룬ܶ༣⣬֮һҩʦпʲôԻҩ
漴䣬ˣһ鵽ҩˮƽ֮Իнϵָϵá
ﶼǸŮ˲һţĺܷ
Ҳ׼壬ȻϵˣΪ˽ء
˰Чʻ(ͦͦ)ߵģһʱͲ鵽ôϢ
循Ȳѣʲôǽ˽ӣ
ϲȦӣҶ֪һܹ˼ҵĺˣӳ(i)ŮÿܶҪʱŮֳԷΪ˺ɷĵ䷶
ҶС׷һСˣܵ˲˵ĳЦƾԼı()õһĵһȻͿʼԽԽڡ
ҶС󣬶(i)쳣ֱֵķǳãҲôҶǵĲñĽ
Ȼ˽ӣôˣ
Цܶ˾ģ˵αװķǳá
Žڵһ¥鵽(qng)ȫ˷塣
üͷ壬֮ȻôӵĹϵ
Ҽȥһʮʿзȵˣ()ҲŻʦĽ˾ʱӦҲῴĸ׵Ůɣ
ͷҾ⣡
°ͣŮֻȽ״꣬˵ûͳˣǸʱѾĴϲȦӣӰ(qng)˺ܽĸ
˵Ӱֻеȣ()ݸǸǩ()ˣȻͶԷ˺ӣӰ(i)()СǾֻһ㣬ͼ
()

260.260 뵽һ

260 뵽һ
̺ܸߣֳϲȦӣЩ()ı˵ȴҲ
ͼ
һ·Ӧ˹Ӱ()ݿͼӦĸ塣
ͷ뵽һˣ
ӰѰĸլڰ̽ż崫е(qng)ҪûнõĲ룬ҾԲš
Ӱ(qng)ͼͺˣΪͽϣǳĸլʹȥġ
żµˣҲǽ仧ɱȵġ
ϱ()ǸҩʦĸϹŹҽ壬ĸһҩʦǿ϶ҪõĸҵĶ
õҵһЩоô֪ĸеж
ʣӰ֪ĸլʲôطĸ׵𣿡
صĸ׵ļȽѭϹŵʱڵƶȣӰ֪һЩĸ(qng)ǻܾԲ֪
ĸլλñȽأĸ״ӰլԶرգһɿ󷨸ŽסլλڸˣҪԿײܴլ
˶˵ڹżĴУⱾֻеϵ֪ϵܽӴӰźĸ׶꣬ҲԲ˽̫ࡣ
ԭ()ĸһǵˣԭ()Ľ̵ҲܺãپвҪ˭()ߵһ㡣
ֻϧͻ⣬ܶණûü̻ŮȥˣӰпɳ֮
ôˣܻŮԽӰ֪Կ׷ڵĵطͿԿ
ĸҲǹż壬㵹ǱȽͬţҲŻôȲҪѰĸլҴС
Сʱһֱøְ취ҲҪӴѧϰҩĸҩ伮ʼǺʵģҹǶûС
ɫ䣬һֱ˿͵Ҹ״ʯ֮ǰôĿģһʼǲȫˣڲ֪ԭӡ
Ҳ˽׵ĴڣסӰ
һϵʱ䣬Ѿ·׵˼ˡ
ڽΪλңʱʱҪأҲ¾Ǻܼ򵥵ԭ򡣡
һֻҪڣҵĴкһУֻΨһ̳С
ӦþܵӰͽϵ˼Ӱ죬˵ȻĶԲңϣ
14~~
()

261.261 

261 
˼()ܻȫ綼Ƿǣ
ĸ׵()ݺܵ΢ﻹӰ()ĸҲ()ϵһͷ˸޲ȥ
ô˵úеôŽ׾ǸͻȻ´ݾߣ
ϵ()ݵûʲôɽҶŮ㣬ȽĻ״ʦ()ݣöԸ
ǲ¶ԷֻǶԸĵ˵һУǺ󻼡
ַƽ()Ե⣬ȥʲô(qng)ɻǷǳӺıԵġ
Ҳ˵˼⣬ǵ뷨һµġ
ȲöףȻΪ˽õע⣬ǷǺ¡
۾˵һֻСƣôQҲĽǴ㡣
ʵǸԼӲ֣ܳǿԽҶѵġ
ҶҿĻ׹˾ȽĻ׼λǳ⣬ҲӴһļ塣
ȥԸһС˵ҪȺҶҶϣ㡣
۾һãҾͲҶ̽αƭֻǵһ¥ṩʽ֤ݣЩ鷳
Ҫҵȥ֤ݣȻʲôҶ֪
ҡҡͷȽԣô꣬һʲôƲ磬Сľͻᱻ֡
ҶҵĹɷݣҶҵĻ׹˾θ߲ͻʣҶҪ򵥣⿿㻹ܽ
˵ܳӰΪҼҵĸ崫УȢҶСͼҲһСȻǳҶһ׹˾߼ȥģǿԴӳ˫£ҶҾԲŹġ
һĸ׵ܺͽйأҵϸ֮Ż֣Բң⣡
Ӱ׽ģΪǣ
ô˵һۣĸȥ֮ǰļҴȺǣԺӰϵȻ(r)ӹһѹࡣ
ֹ˹ļ򣬡û£ԺһŰǰЩȫҲ
ͷһ棬Լôһ˿ۣůů
ųһõЦð
ûз£ս˵ŹеҪһ٣
()

262.262 ǲ˵

262 ǲ˵
˵üΣԲԭ¡
Ц()ۼ죬û˼
¶ֽթ֮ɫЦʣҪô
ĸҵĴиģҩ츳ܺãҲΪŵ㣬ҾʹӸϴ
˱ͺ()԰ʵԱģΪԼǿԺĶһĲֵԼͻ̬ĥŴС
ǸˣǸʥĸʱʱҪԼصˣҲô򵥣ҪĥöԷƶ˵̶
巢̫θˣֱ˺ˣһ۵ģ߾ֱ̫ˡ
ãҲѧУ̫ùˣȻʲ
ЦЦУ㿴Űͺã
年ļмǿװ򾲵ﴽû⣡
оߴĺע⵽ִԼļϣǸõģҲû롣
ֽƿȻȥˣ
ĸ첲һ£
һءüԼ첲֡
Ǳһſ㻹ʲô£
еĳ׼쿪ţҪȥ׼ءʵ˵
Цʣиױ㻹Ҫȥʲô׼
ЦΪ˽еĲƷȥһʼӦòã
ױͳǿҲ⣬볬һڶ졣
ȻҪǾҪá
һ𣬡ʲôҪæ𣿡
룬ͻȻˣȥɡ
ðҲȥˣһȥ£һ
ص()£УҶʱ䣬һֱӴȥϿΣ
ãоЦ⡣
ദ죬һֱദ(ͦͦ)õģԼʲôƻˣԾ˳Ȼ
½նˣõԼ()ݡ
ѾõòˣҪ۵ũ߲˹Ϲ()࣬Ҳȫŵ˻ϡ
ʵͶӰũƷһֻһص㣬һʡ
ױڰţ˽Цӭȥϰ壬٣
º͵Цʣҿˣŵ׼˰ɡ
ײͷʵŵĲƷȶ׵ˣԱҲλҸоֶλǲ˵㡣
ڸеĻҲڷųг۲ƷƬЧһ㡣
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

263.263 ô

263 ô
еĳв٣Ҳרԭʳĵģй̶Ŀͻ
ǵ³вſţϰҲ׼ۻߴۻ⿿Ҫͻеѡ
ױũĹϹ߲˺ģžʼûʲô⣬Ҳġ
Ца취
ȥ¶еĳ߹˾װһ(to)ڳã
㷽㣬µܿͻ˹װ͸߿ƼϣװٶȺܿ죬и
ױȻ֪Ҫʲôǵͷã
ԼһСʱڳһ¥һʱʲôȫװˡ
ȻʵӳսʳãһЩ
ŶԷ˵һֱƵ֮ڳſڵʾϲš
һ¾֪ҪʲôˣֱˣȻ˿ͣ
԰ԳءζʵһƷ϶ϡ
ʧЦȻ
ױҲɵþ£漴Щϰϰ壬⻹Ǹð취ֻҪζӦܴе
ܿ죬ֱעһ˺šԭʳƷСȻ˾ͷ塣
Ҫҵ¶ֱֻ˵ľͷУ
ӹЦŵã֪
ҲͲ׼òֱȥô˵ú⡣
ܿ죬һӿʼȻһѺУÿһ̶ϸ˵
һʼֱûˣľ˽ˡ
ֱѡģʽҲĲζᴫڿֱ˵ǰ
ѺУû˵˰
ȥ(ͦͦ)ģԭӺʡ
ֺܺÿҲܺô¶
ҪǳòÿҪ˼Ҳ¶
ըӵζ㣬ҶӶˣ
Ҳź㰡
ֱĶĿʼߣ˽ˡ
ʱѾһѺˣѣԵxxֵĹԭʳƷſƷ絽ã
һܶŵʱڵĲˣΪ
ͼ
ΪҪԳԣĶǷųԵĲˡ
ΪпŴİɣ(ͦͦ)ġ
ͷܴҲ֪òóԡ
ʮ**ǹ棬лô棡
ǸѺź㣬ҲζҪȥһ
ҲҪȥ
ζһ
()

264.264 Ȼ

264 Ȼ
˶ǹ棬ȥˣ˵㿴ŲζȴզΡ
ǰҲû(qng)
ΪʳĵĹϵʳǺܶ࣬ȴԶԻ
һЩ˻ܵԭʳƷſȥƷ
ķȽ㣬ÿ˳һ鹻һƷ
˳ſڣѺеζ˵Գһ飬ûֱ·Ҳ̲סŶӡ
ֱ˸ϹѾ˳Ķ飬˶¶һδģ
óԣ̫óˣ
ҵһγԵôζӣ
ǹŵĲףȻóˣ
ϧÿֻƷһ飬һԣ
Ҳǣ
ױúͳ飬ȻҲζˡ
֮ǰũ˵ϰ˺óԵҧͷҲ󲻳Ʒȴид
ǰƷһδ޵
(r)˵ǳϰĹŵףõȫǳʵʳ⿣ʳǳжгۡ
ÿ쳬лƳһԭʳ⿵ĹŵʳסƳֱͨķʽ̴ԺҲ¼ƵʳĵĿͻһݣ
ԺÿƳĲףǻбװۣҲȫźãȥͿƵˣ
ƷѺеˣһ۾ˡ
ҳеϰ廹󷽣ȻƳŵʱڵʳס
ʳȥôɵİɣ
ӦòڣҸղųʳĺʣ֮ǰԭƷʶҪߺܶࡣ
ѵ۸ܹɳԲ𣡡
ǳôţһѺеʳģвȱǮ̲סŸױʡ
ױЦ˵ǸǳҪʽҵֻӪҵڶʳģ
ղʼ۸ҺܸĸǣǳеʳƷʷǳãɼ۸ȴв࣬ǵʳȫԼũϰҵĸ
ϰΪʲôô󷽵ƳŵףֻһԭˣƷڵĹŵζô˽⻪ʳ
ԭҪʳĵ˶㶡
ôҪſҵ
ھѺУ
̫ˣǲˣȻ
Ǻ쳬пҵ㻹𣿡
򰡣ڻڻζζأУ˵ˣˮˣ
죡ҪʼԳˣҪȥŶˣ
ȵҰ
14~~
()

265.265 Чܺ

265 Чܺ
ܿ죬˼ŶУƷһüЦδ޲óнͿţȻһݻȥԼ˳ԡ
û򵽵ǵ
в·˼뵽ƷУۿֱ˶ûƷ
ֻĿű˳Եһܡ
Ǿȥ˳ſŶûܲܵС
ǰǰҲ볢
һȺ˷׷ͬҪƷһ¡
պϹ׼ϹϱЦ˵ҲУǾֱȡʮ˹ڣǿȥſÿȡѵϹϱƷ
ҪʼĵַģҲµַ֮ݹȥ
ǺüأֻʮݰԼ鲻̲ס˵
Цŵҵľޣ滹һٷƷء
Ժÿһ壬ҶֱʳֱȻȡʮ˹ڣԲĲˣҲǾܳԵˣ
пźҲ䱸Ĳʳģҿȥˣ
ô˵Ҳֻεͬ
ɫϹϱζ˾̲סҺ
еʮѣ󲿷˵ַҲʮȥſϹϱ
Ŷӵ˼״׷׽Ųӡƾʲô漴ױֶԴҽֱ(qng)Ǹ˽ֱ䣬ֱż뵽ղ
һֱЧ֮պøĿΡ
ڶȥֱˣƷͲ˵ֱĺü
ϵοͿҲĵȥȻһʰˡ
죬ȥֱֻһˣֱٴη˼ŶȥԳԵҲࡣ
Ϻܶ˶ڵŹԭʳƷпš
ûгǰҲͷվڳ¥š
ϵѧҲȫλױ˵˼䣬ϰ˵㳬еĴ׼ʱ
ܶ͵Ȳˣٵĳ˽ȥ
ҷֳڵʳƷֻǺȫɿžˮƷʺܺãһЩûеĵϡ
֮ǰֱļˣҲмװװе϶һʺУһƵӣնһɨܿ˵ƵֻҪ̫ϣ
ÿһּװװĲ˶׼ٷݣֻʮӾȫˡ
Ҳ˳ĲƷʺܺãɼ۸ȴԭȼߵʳĲ࣬Ƿǳʵˡ
Է£һŻûд꣬ԼСʱ֮ôô~~
()

266.266 ϵŮ

266 ϵŮ
ʱ䣬ֱҲ˲ٳԻ˿
춼˳УҲ֮ǰԳԵ·˲١
пŵһͳ˷ǳ𱬵(r)·˼״Ҳɵú˽ȥ
Ȼ̲סС
û취ʵǳ߲˹ϹʳģȥƷʺܸߣž߲˺ˮܴζ֮ҶԼҲ̲סȥ
ƶߺͺڻ˶й̶ľԴƽʹӪ⣬ÿҲԭʳ
ֻûʳףҲֻһЩܼ򵥵Ʒ֣Ҳͷˡ
ڳʳأЩ˶˼Ȥȥԡ
Լŵ࣬ϵ߲˹Ϲ϶һգٺжûǺ
ɶҲһָӺִŵԺÿϰ˵㿪ҵ᲻ϵʳģܶ˶һҪ
ڶ죬һʹũʼĳȥ˺ܶ
ǮԼֱĸҳͨȻ󽫽쳬лϼܵʳĺһһо٣Ƭȥ
һӣ˿Ըۡ
˴Ϊֱȥģ췢˸˶̬һ̲ס
һѺеϣȻûĺóԣҲ޵Լ̫óˣ
ҳе߲˺ۣǰԭ߲ͬ˺ó̫ˣһسײ˾뷹
˺ó⣬Ҳ֪Ҫʲôˣ
һֱΪԼһƵļȻܺóԡҲȥϴ֣ͷϹһ˴룬Ҳ
ֻ߲ˣȥĳҲóԣƤ֭ҽϻҪȥҪǲ޹ͺˣ
ǰҪǲ޹ͺˣ
ȿȣʵ޹Ҳ(ͦͦ)õģȻȥҶӶˣ
ǵģʵ޹ߣÿ߲޹ˮ޹򻹲õȾŵͻᱻꡣ
Уżһõۡ
ܿͻᱻȥ˵˶֪ʮ**лĽʺ޵֡
Դҵһºȣ۵Щ߲˹ϹȻ͵ȵģҲҪƷõԭʳĺá
ӹŵӺֳģ׵ԭ֭ԭζ
ױ򹤵ĺϵѧû뵽һžͻô𱬣ȫµġ
Ǵʱ˿Ҳ֮ǰ˵ĻпҵʱԲᳬͻͣҵ
磬ҲֻǵĳпСʱͣҵˣȻҪܵһûʳĿͻıԹ
Ҳڹעе(qng)˻𱬣ĵһֽϵŮˣô
ǵģ⼸ĸо˼ԼദҲһʵòϲˡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

267.267 㽻

267 㽻
пһڶ죬ڶȥֱһˡ
ֱٴηֱĲܵ˺˶Ϊʮ˹֮һ
壬лά޵ѡ޿Ρ
ֱûкͷһԷԼҲʲôĴ򷢡
߳ͼĳվſڲԶĴ¡
ɢ˧˹
Щ⣬ôˣ
ЦǶѡ޿ΣҾ˳·һˣ
üǵıڱߣǵϱߣ˳·
ɿһҸպð¾ߣа
УУ
һѧУȥѡ޿ڵĽѧ¥
һ·ͬѧ͵ˡ
³һΣӲԶŮ
壡һúƯɫУ()ǰ͹̵Ůһ
תͷȥ΢΢ü
ŮŵЦ˹ŵĿŷ˵ǻϵӡ꣬Ҳѡ޿Σܸʶ㣡
վסŲӡ꿴ȥ֮ǰûмˣȴˮһްԹ
ϵĵһ츳˫aţ֮ȷʵƯܶΪڶѧԺУ
УУݴк˶˽Ųͣ½Ų͵
ϯҲ˳߹״ϯ廹˸ڡ
ϴܻӭУҪװɣ
ϯϸ˿ƲƯӡֿ꣬˿ԼϴԱߵȻվţͬƯ
ϴϴ()ȫŮơ
°˵˵ʵҾӡǳ໹ʣҪѷһУеʵ
Ƚͬȷʵ˵㣬츳ͼȽϳڣ()ڻϵ㣬ŻᱻΪУġ
ȻС壬()ȴһ֣ʲô(qng)費ĵţɢǱʱϴӹʣҹŮֹܱȵġ
˵ϴô죿ϯһ¡
۾Ǻǰһ
ٺ٣ǵĿһ£ϯоǿϷζ
ѧǾȣ˶÷ӦǾܾУʾõġ
ϲӦŮˣżֲͷ𣿡
ӡ֪()ӣ()΢΢˲ϵЦȴ䣬㽻ѣ
()

268.268 ûȤ

268 ûȤ
ԷоǹʣöҲ֪(i)Ľߡ
ӡ۵׻һ˵(r);²ŮӦϲˡ
ڡ츳ڡʵڡڣС󾭳Ů˻󷽵ıס
ӡģ֪һ˵(i)Ľߡ
ûش𣬶͵һۣܵżֿϷɫ˿
ֻҪͺã
ӡüûȤ
ӡ()ӽ˽Ȼû뵽Լܾôֱ˵
򴽣̧ͷĿ㲻ǵ𣿡
ŮвҶʶ㣬ΪʲôҪǵ㣿
ǰȹңӡǾȥˡ
һӡûУô
Ҫľ֮ӡһȺ㽻ѡ
ЦһҾȹ˶ȥˣҪÿ˶ҪҽѣҲæ
϶ǳʲô񸽴ģҲʶ㣬ҲûȤѣ
֮оȹģֻһ
岻ͷ˵꣬ĸ첲ͳŽѧ¥ȥȫȦУ
ӡһֱ֪岻ŮɫŮҲģǰЩŮ׷ܣú
û뵽ԼҲбôܾһ죬̲ס޳Ľ()ȴ(yn)һֱš
ŷ첲ԽԽԶıӰҧҧ۵׵ִŲûɢŨҡ
()ߵŮ߹֣꣬ҪٻϢ£
ӡĹۣ֪ԼĺΪǰ(qng)Ϳʼע壬һϲ(i)ϡ
ԭӡļ츳ȫܹһѧԺȴΪѡ˵ڶѧԺ
սҲһĻսʿѴӽУͿ̿ѧϰؼҺҲûзɣҪȥüλʦѧϰѾһʦˡ
ҪͨԼŬΪרʦȻս
ŵڶѧԺ岻ῴŮˣųٳûжĵȴ÷ע⵽Ȼ˳Ȼʶཻһ𲢼ս(i)
պѵ㣬ע⵽Ǻģ˭֪·ɱ
֮ǰŷѧУ֪ķϲһάѾͲš
ִ˷¿εϢˣҲסˣų嶯Ҫȴû뵽ʧˡ
14~~
()

269.269 Ҳ

269 Ҳ()
֪ӡܽûгڰοԷҪ
ãǽȥϿΣ
ӡҧҧ̧Žѧ¥ȥ()ϴһɲ־
ۼ״ֻܰ̾һðɣ
αأȥ֮˵ܡ
Ҳ˽ѧ¥
Ϸ˶ȻЩ⣬һ־Ͼ˶ͬ⣬Ůһֱ᲻ͷġ
ϯһۣϴҪֶԴŮ̬ȣҪһӵ()
ԣЩŮòƾϲϴô˧ֿᣬֻҪҪȱɶ˻Ůˡ
ѡ޿¥ʱѾв˽
¥ͷſĸ첲Ȼָָһŵλãȥɣ
νУ
ºĿŷ壬һ˻(ͦͦ)
Һǿûκιϵƽû˵ģ
Ǹӡʲô治ʶȤദúúõģҪӰ죬淳ˡ
ЦЦĿ֮()㻹(ͦͦ)ϲ˵ѹ˼Ҫˣ
͵ҶûκӡҸҿ϶Լûеȹ
˵ǰҳһǿǱ߰һ۶ŮΪʣҴһ˹ȥȫ˳Ӧþɡ
ǸʱҲҵȵˣԼˡ
漴յĶ˵ҴӳڣȹŮ˿ֻ㣡
Ҫ˵֮()ĻҲ()Ϊλߺ
оϢͷͶ˷ĿԼ˫Ưһۣ΢΢ĺ˺죬һ
ֳŷһѣ
˴һ˵ȫЦ⣬ɵӶó˹ϵһ㡣
ӡͼŽķ帩()˵ϴЦȥ(qng)һ
ʱЩû۵Ļ٣ܵ
װƽߵ˱ȽԶλ£̲סˣÿ
⼸Է˽⣬˭ôҪ쭣ȻɫȴɴЦȻǱӴһۡ
ԭ岻ǶŮ˶鷳ûĶԴŮ
ˣ»ûд꣬Сʱ~~
()

270.270 

270 
ӡʱЩڣԼӦĵעģӦӴҲԱ˵Ц˾ͻԼˡ
ǵ˵ӡܵÿҪǿƿĿ⡣
()ߵĺҲ˷Сﰵ̾һԼĹʮ**ûϷˡ
ôɴûжĸŮôݹ
ܿ죬ϵĵʦ˽ҽһ
Ȼóӵµ˽˭˭ȻͿʼϿˡ
αάѡ޿εˣҪ٣Ҳ˵˷ٵ(qng)ﲻŮǳġ
ʦ֪ѧĩ϶в˿˲뿪һѧϸ˽⡣
ѧɸѡһ飬µĲҪȥעġ
ʼϿΣƷ壬˵ôΣ˯ͳȥ
ҪǻɱԼ˵Էˡ
ɴʱĻֻǹԼһ˿˵⣬֪ˣ㶪ģ
Ȼֱ()ӣ
ȻԻûȤ()ȴΪһսʿѧһЩĻ֪ʶ(ͦͦ)ɵġ
ƿޣ׵ԭȻͬҲͨſγҲɡ
ʦϿεʱҲڹ۲ѧǵ(qng)ϵĵһӡȦĲɵģ΢΢üͷ
徹ȻΣһλСھȻ(r)ģ
()ŵƯŮעҲȽϼеΣʱʼǣ֮ǰʱҲסɵöע˼֡
Щʦ˵츳˲µģµɥʧ˽ȡ֮ĺͶ־
˫츳䵽dܿһ˵ϽҲȽǱ
ʦǶϲϽǱѧ
ڵʱϰʼǣ˻˹Ǯȥ˼ֽʵıʼǱͱʣϿεʱõ֪ʶ㶼¼һ£뵽Ϊ˵ʦĺøС
¿κ󣬷ʣ㻹ʰ𣿲Ǿ߰ɣ
Цŷʣģ
ũȻȥ
㲻ؼңü
ֱ׳صͷأ㻹ǷôϢҵȻҪȥסģȻջУ
ûĵһۣ
Ȼǰ첽׷ȥУӡЩŷ屨ѡ޿εŮһġ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~ӦֻῪʼôô~~
()

271.271 Դҩ

271 Դҩ
壬ʰúѴк¿κҲûᡣ
׷˿ũ
ѧУͣ˿˷ĳһ뿪У̳ըˡ
صũԱһ˹
Сˣ
Сڻˣǿˣ
Цķ˰ɡ
СôȺ۵ʿũɻ()ҲĿһָֻǰıƦ
ԱȽϲȽۣóԵģ
໣Ǿ֪СˣһȺ
ױһܣ()ҲʿЩ˺ܿһƬ
ϰ壬Һ㱨³е(qng)
ͷǳԷʱ˵ɣ
ã
ũʳר˵ļ˱ѵ֮ṩ˲ʳףζҲܺЩԭʦƸˣóԡ
׼ͳʳˡ
صϪߵıϴ˸裬Ҳһ
մͷȥ˳ȥ
ǳʲô˫ɳϣͷյʡ
һۣһųԣҲˣ
УǾϢһ죬ҪǵԼ˵Ļѡ
գգ۾ʲô
⡢()裡ߺߡ
ЦĿһôʳ
ûĿ֣һֱ󣬡˾Ͳܳʳˣƫϲ
ʳȷʵûɶȤ(i)ԡ
ǱߵĹ˼ţ()ԣӦ(qng)϶ʳԡ
嵯˸ָ⻹࣡
극ҪҪȥ䣿˼һתʡ
֮ǰϵĸ(i)(qng)䣬涼˵ҪԼŮȥΪΪȽӮŮϲ
ĪĿʲô
һҭ(to)·ȥ
·׼һ¹·ˣƽѧУҲУôһܼܰҡ
ÿ·ȵΪ嶨Ƶ·ȫȽʦ((co)co)ģһ촩··ꡣ
Լ·ȫǶģǾȥġ
ȥӰɣ
ͷԴҩ
һƽɲ(i)֣˵Ӱˡ
ʵҲеӰԺƵ۾Ǿͺ()侳һ
()

272.272 Ҳܣȥ

272 Ҳܣȥ
ʱһͷߣôͳԴҩˣ
(i)(qng)ϲ˵(qng)֮ҪȥӰ(qng)
˺Ȼ˵û¾£Ҳܣȥ
¶СίʧЦǹˣ
Ǿ˵ˣȥƱ()ת硣
ɣҲֻǼйһοӰľĵӰԺҲЩ档
һȾһЦ⣬ն˿˿ӰѶ뿴ʲô(i)(qng)Ƭ̼ģƬ
룬̼İɣ
ðɣҶƱˣȻ˵Ůȥ(i)(qng)ƬʵҲȤϲùȻһ
Ʊ˸һɳϣһֽʰֲ鿴ˢҳʱ͵
ͻȻ¾õĸо
Сʱ󣬷ϢԳԷˣһȥʳá
ʳǱıȽϷʢ˲һ
ҲûԣһͺԱһ߳һ졣
һ()ЦŵũǱߵ()ԽԽˣ
ũԱ٣ÿ춼ǳԵũԲ()
ױЦ˵ԭʳιǣ()ʵȻˣ
()ͼѼҲȥɣҲԿʼ۶ˣԺȥιţ
ƷõԺŵ˽˹еƷʵṩtͨƷʵľȫȥУ۸ԭ()ʳƷĲˡ
ãҾͰţױͷ
ũ()Ʒͨóȥܿԭ()ʳƷƷϵȵˡ
˵۸ԿԷܶ࣬ϰҪø˳ũʳģȻǺ⣬ҲҲ(ͦͦ)õġ
еĿͻ˵ǵʳĹ̫ˣܶ๩Ӧ𣿡ױʡ
ЦԼŰžУƷ߲ͨũҪǶͶ๩ӦһЩ㿴Űɡ
ȼͷǻ˰ţ
ԭǼͷ鸺ģм£øױһʱš
˵ǾԵɣǾ㰲ţԺֻÿ¸ҿеӯУũҲǣ
ױЦã
ϰʡġ
ϰ壬ǲеЩֵʲôĻУǲ˵㡣
ԺǳеƣƷôҪˡ
1330~~
()

273.273 ľô

273 ľô
ԣζһЩŮɣ⣬֮ǰĲҲҪˣԺҪ֯˿
ǻĵļչ屦ôҲȫʧʱĳϣŹâ
漴ֲһ䣬ũɻԱľȥƶߺͺڻǱаɣ(ͦͦ)׵ģⷽȽ죬˽¹ͨȥѡ
ױͷû⣡
ʳмԱ⻰һüЦ
ũĻ˵ҿ࣬ҪϰááԵúáסúá(qng)ҲãҪм̫ˣ
ϰ壬ҪҲϰ࣬ǺܸŹһס𣿡һѾϤԱЦʡ
ĵû⣬ʱøױΪǰһ(to)С
ũȽϴ֮ǰʱֻе䣬Ҳÿһס(to)䡣
ܸɻɵȻҲԣ
ҪϿβɻҪԼ˳ҲУʳóҲС
ʳóԵĻǺ͸ױ»ʳѣÿ½Ժ󶼿Ժһԡ
СʳóԷνֻ¿֮ҲһЩɻ˹ԡ
ʱ䳤ˣԹòƽ
û⣬ҼСƽϿΣȻũҲܰæɻģٽѣʳóԡôõķˣɱӪóӪɵ˲Լ
Ҳźӹ
Ҳǣ
ЩʿУһϵ˶ȢӵģãҲ᲻÷ؼңܽźӹ͸ĺ͸ˡ
УǶȥ͸ױס
Ըױ˵ɽϵĲҶһЩ߹ˣƶ߻߼ͥƶСѡһЩǹũһЩܼĻٸ͡
ܷľ÷չˮƽҲܿ죬Ҳƶܴ
˼ҵĺӺܶӪԲϣÿٶЩ˹ʳģڸвҲӪ
磬ǾܼĶ(qng)ˣҲǶһЩԵ
ױ㶣漴ӦãҰţ
İţ˴СǸϰ壬ĹЩ˼ҵĺĺܾȼ
ںܶ˿ƣɺܶҪΪ湤Ҫ˼()һ¾ˣƽƽģŸҪȥǡ
ͶջɹҲǲͶİܺã
()ΪԵĶӣľô㣡
()

274.274 òǶ˼˰ɣ

274 òǶ˼˰ɣ
극ȥӰ
ȡƱȥϺʳģ˼ٴζ˶
ǿӰʳôô׷ŮŶΣ
ϱ׷˷ǳ࣬ûĻߺʵģһֱš
ҲΪЩ˸ֲ׷ֶΣ˷һЩԾ
һòǶ˼˰ɣ
˿һǼսƬҪľǿ֮ս
Ҳͨ()侳Ļ;(qng)˽⵽ǼսĲпԼǿ޵(qng)
Ӱһ۾
Ц˵
ͷУ
ӰԺĶǰ䣬е˵ġ˫˵ĺͶ˵ģƤĦλʮֵʣзǳǿ()侳ĸоܴ̼(ͦͦ)ϲġ
ӦеЦ
ʱնˣȳǰ
һ۾Ϳ˷ʲôط˸ϷŵҼȻȥӰԺӰСŮһģ
()һͷķתת˵Ǻһء
ҪȻµ˵ܵǺȥĵӰôæ
Լҵֻܵܿһ룬ҲǺ£ܱһֱϺá
ܴŮȥӰһֽͺõĿʼ
ԭǺζȻֶ̧ЦҪ˵أ
ã΢΢һЦ
忪ʣ磬Ϊ(qng)
֪Լҵܵתƻ⣬Ҳ˳ǰԼ˹ȥ˽˹ݳԷҺʹ˵ˣҲȥ
ξ鷳æˣɭݶ˵ĺҪ
Цˣһᾡġ
˹ѾˣƽȽϲؿζĶ׼һЩġ
ЦҶģ
ȻҲѹл̸ȡûĻ͵ǽѣ˹۹̽绹ǱȽеλġһת
֪ȳԼæ⣬Ҳ뽫ԷԼ˵ߵʱ
ţ׶˼İɣ
ЦŽӰǿȥ̳¥ǼƷȵ㶫ζԣ
ȴڰ֣ûʲôúȵģҪƷĺã
ȶʱ˵ԭҪɵܵᣬ˭֪
УǻȥɣȹˣǺú棡
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

275.275 лл

275 лл
Ӱͷͻũ
ڶһ磬ȥ˼ȦͼѾڳˡ
߽ȥűߣһɫĶڼ⣿
Ҳе򣬿ȴˣСʱԹһھҲûгԹ
ӴСĵ()꣬ǰ
ȥϴ裬һܳˣ
ЦУ
ϴ¥Ϸģµĵ⣬һɺ嵭()ζƱǼ⡣
ܿ죬ִһŨŨζЩǿȣֲǺ
()ȥͶȱ˳
Լһϣһ֮ǰ˵ȿȵģ
循£漴ЦŶ˹һڣ۾Ӧǿȵζ
ҩζĿȲ֪Ҫúȶ٣صִζϲ
Цǿȣ
ôֳˣֺһڣȻӲһڵС
()Ͳ壬һţ()ζڼ
⵰Ҳܺóԣƽʵôʳȴϲ
һڿȣҼ˴ƳɿȶĥɿƷˣ
Ҳʵţ()ɵģûκӼȻóˣ
ĵһΣ̫ˣ()͵Ʒʺһ㣬Щأһھˡ
һͷ׵غˣ
һٿɿڵͣ㣬ǵ⻹ǿȣǵһƷˡ
Ȼ𣿡˺ܳ壬ʲôöҲ뵽ǡ
(ͦͦ)ϲ˼һģУ׼˼У֮͸ǣ
ԾʰӣߵǰͷЦллˣ
ܵߴĺЩģûֳͳȴ쳣()кʵеء
һﲨ£˷һѣϿȥʰ͵
ƦЦ֪ˣ
һ߽͵()ϴǹɵЩǱɵš
ͣȥũ˿ũ(qng)ֽħٵķ֦һЩڵ
ȥרŵϷ˿һ߽ȥԭȽϰĲ(ɧɧ)ϵĳķ򹰡
ü۴ЦﾡºֱַͣĲϣһ˿˿ָǵڡ
ȥдģдһ1430~~~
()

276.276 ĺ

276 ĺ
ÿܶϷǣҲʹֻҪһܵϢǾͻ쳣Ŀļ
˿()ϵɫһֻɫĲϣʱɫȽҲȽСڲʮֵҿȥһȦʮ㡣
ֻʼʱһβңνŵĲϱ仯ܴ󣬿ȥͷ˲٣رǸ˵ĸоһˡ
ȥ־Ө͸ɫĲɫҲƷʱ֮ǰȫһΡ
Ȼʲôﶼܱã
ǻû˿𣿡߹ȥ
صûУõ˿ʱ˿ƷʾͻȽϸˣ
Ҳǣʡ˷ѣֻ˿ϣǱʣ
תͷЦѵǣ
üҷˣ
ĸ첲˵㣡
ͻȻҪǿ˶뷨ñ֮ǰ()ĲУȻԺˡ
ĺãҪӴ˶ȴЦ˵
ƳһۣôͻȻˣɲķ񰡣
ЩЦЦֻ˵ʵѣ
粻ҪΪȥʳ׼ɡһѡ
ҪڸʲôģһȣУ߰ɣ
ˣƤĵˣԼɷӡ
֪ˣũԱһɾʮ㣬Էʱÿ˶һ룬ɫޱȡ
ױҲǵһγԵʵķˣһٷ׵ľͱˡ
ô꣬һξԭʳô졣
극ȥɽϺ׼ʳģҪȥ˽˹á
һ·ͣĽϳʲôֱӸ˼ۡ
Լʱ㣬͵˽˹׼ˡ
׼ʳģʮԾİæϴˡ
ǰҪ˭˵һϴˣԻһЦ
ȺͷҲǰˣԱ˵ڳһ
žͿǲ°͵һĻǿʲôԼұܵϴˣŻ(ͦͦ)ĵġ
ȺͷܶһۣԼҵܵܿݽȥˣ
ȿȣȽַŵ߸ɿһ
ͷת()硢磡硢磡
ЦŵͷȿŷҼȻҲôڿһ氡
ûĵһֱڿ죬Ƕûְˣ
УҼˣЦζ
ƽЦĿҲ¶˿ЦݣǼԺǺ˵ĵ䷶
ˣأ1530~~
()

277.277 պû

277 պû
Ҳ÷Ⱥͷվڳǡ
תͷԷ˵ȥ磬˹æϴˣ
ͷУºң
Ŵȥרð䡣
˸Ƭ̣ȣͼ
λ˹ˣ˵һϲˣ
ŵһɿȵζֲ֮ͬǰȹġ
ȶһڣʱ㴼Ũ⿧úȣ⿧ȺĲͬɣ
ȿƽѾ˺ȿȵϰߣǺҲûôѺȡ
Ǻ˲ǰȵĶʲô⡭
Ц˵ǹŵʱڵɽȣũֳɹˣǳ
ҲһڣζҲȽϲܲƽȵĿȿڸкúܶ࣡
ƽǲͿȶȣԴӺ˵ܵ͵Ĳ裬Ҳûǰ֡
ں⿧ȣǰŻõĿȣҲˡ
ó޿ȣֱݵǰϲͺãڿȶ̫࣬Ⱥţ˸߷壬ǾУ
ҵ˶ԼܺãҲǰǣкöһάõӦõġ
ЦŽ£ԼˣҾͲˣ
ܺദʱȽ٣ҲԼˣҲˣ
ģҼȥ׼ˣ·ݲÿȣ˶˹ġ
Цҿˣ
뿪󣬷ĿԼҵܵ˵Ǹù
Լҵܵ治ϵµó()ֺõŮӡ
̧ͷĪĿԼҴ磬ȷʵ(ͦͦ)õİôˣ
ҪȿȣûʲôҾǸ̾£
վ()߹ȥ§ŷļ򣬵ʣûеʲô뷨
()ӽ˽ʲô뷨
ЦоĽӲ֪ˣ
ҲԣҪûв˼ԼҲܴ˼ȥӰˡ
ſ壬صԼλϺ˿ȡ
˵磬֪ʲôˣ
ЦûʲôҲ(ͦͦ)õģԼպûУ
Ѿˣû뵽ԼҸ翴˼һţ
Ҳϵô㣬۸ߵĸ綼úá
ֵҲٶ˵㵽ֹԼұܵУֻǻû뵽һԵĵܵܣȻô(qng)һ档
д̫ˣ~~һ°Сʱˢ~~
()

278.278 Щڴ

278 Щڴ
ʱȽӵ˹ĵ绰
ȥ˽˽ӽſʼ˹˽˹ݵװ޾̾
ָָ໨ɺ硢˵ǹŵʱڵĶɣźܾζ
ЦŵͷЩǹŵʱڵĶ˹Ҫϲһһ(to)໨ɣ
ʱȥүһ(to)ˣͷղ˲ٵġ
˹ЦеĵǿҾȴ֮ˣϲ໨ɣ
˽˰䣬ȶܣҴܣܷ壡
˹Цź͸()֣λĴҶ˵ҽлһ棡
ԵĽӰˣһȽϳںвŻˡ
ս˵ս
Ҳҽܺ˹һ棡
Ц̧̧֣
˹º󣬿˿ֵܣԷʣ˵ֵܣ
ǣ˵˽˹ݵϰ壬ĳշǳڣ³дǣһ͹ˣȽ͡
˹ЦԭˣһЩڴ
漴Ǽ⶯˶ǰĿȣǿȣ
ζôƽȵĲһأӡ
֪λǳʳңرȷʵǿȣȴƽȵĲһҲλԼֵġ
˵꣬һԱͶһ˽˹ǰûУ˹ȥ˵ã
Ȼò˳ȥ
ҲΪ׼һ˹ԼƷ£һơ
˹ף𿧷ȱһڣȻ¶˾޵ģ㴼Ŀȣúȣ
ƽѾϰߺȿˣȥ˺ܶطȹͬĿȣɻûȹô㴼ڸмѵĿȡ
⿧ϣҲܹ빺嵥
ĿȣǰȵĶ
ЦȻ˹Ժ̸ɡ
˹ܵĺһڿȣã
ܿ죬ԱŽһ̣Žһɲζ
ԭſȱܵ˹˲䲻ˣֱֱĶ̡
Ա˶˵ϣĿҲ˹ȥ
ϵĲ˶ͳԹģζҺڵ㰡
һʮһ˺ƷˮԱ½ȥ
Ҳһɫˬȹӣ˽
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

279.279 ϹĴ

279 ϹĴ
һȾͳ֡
Һ£λ۹Ĺ˹
ֶ˹λҪ
˹£û뵽ԼҪ˾Ȼ˵Ư
Ц֣ܸ˼㣬˹
˹ŻЦźգҲܸ˼㣬С㣡
˷()ߣϵĲ˽һҲ֪˹ϲʲôˣЩ㳢𣿡
˹ȲˣЦŵСǿˣҾͳ
Ӽһ鶫()ŵȻоǹʡ
ֳ˳ĲˣÿһĿζϲģҪǻóԵĲˡ
ҪͱһԷһ㶼Ǳ߳Աģɽ˹ȴһζԵøֻ֪ͣӺͷԡ
Ⱥͷܼ״ҲʶȤûпڣͬϵĲζٴ󿪣в˵Ķţٶȴ˿
ͬ˵Ум˿ɶûԹġ
ԵԱȽ٣ŴҶϲԼĲˣ(ͦͦ)˵ġ
СʱϲĲ˱һɨգˮҲʣ޼
˹(ͦͦ)ͶһλϣζСĲ̫ζˣ
õʳƷʷǳߣôԹζһͣܰĴָ
Цŵ˹ˣ
˹˼һʣС㣬˵һ˵ԭʳģȫũֲ𣿡
ͷ԰
̫ˣ
˹Ц˵˾ϲʳʳƷҺ⣬֪Ժܲÿһȥ۹أ۸
ΪһʳңζѾ͵ĺܵˣôζտĳ⣬ҲͳƷʵʳķֲϵ
оЩʳﻹ̺һ˿ʳõĻ()嶨Ȼܺá
Ҳ빺ũֲԭʳģÿˡ
˵ÿ͵Ļǲе鷳ɱҲȽϸߡ
ɱ߲⣬ÿҪҲǱ֤ʳĵʣⷽļ۸ȫȥȻⶨһͬΪ˳Եôʳģ˹ҲǮ
ũʳĻ(ͦͦ)ģ˹ȥȷˣ(qng)˳ȷ²Ʒ
ǰһֻ򣬲׾̫ԲԷϹˣҲˡ
()

280.280 ҪȫȨ

280 ҪȫȨ
۹вٺö˹֮ҲܽһЩ
˹ũҲޱȺ棬ͷҪΣ
˵ڵڶѧԺϿΣҲֻĩʱܳ
ʱѾȽϳˣҲ׼뿪
Цãũ㣬Ͼŵ㵽11֮䶼ԣҪȥ
ӦԺǱߣÿ춼ȥһΡ
˹ʣ֪ũʲôʱͣ
ô˵ˣһҪͣ7㵽9֮䣬׼ͣ˹ȤĻԹ
˹ϲˣȻС룬ҾͲˣ
ܣ˵һȥũΣʡ
Ȼܾû⣬쿪ȥ㣡
ֻҪλ⣬ɭݵ(qng)̸Ŀռء
˹ģʮ**ͬ⣬ܻȥٵ۹һˡ
ã˹ºȺİţ߼۹ʳģɭݵ(qng)ؿǡ
ٵ۹Ǳߵҩ˾һ嵥ɭݵĹ۸˲٣лҪһЩٹزҲ˷ݶ
ҲԭЩƫߵģ˻ȥƫٵ۹
극˹ҲߣȥԱߵĲȲ衣
һ(to)߿ʼݹ裬ˮĶļ˶Ŀ
ܿһɸʴĲ
ȶһݸ˹˹ƷǹŵʱڵĹɡ
˹ƽôȲ裬Ե̫ţ嵭Ĳ˺ȵĳ嶯ӹһڡ
Ƚȥ֮󣬶ʱоͽ֮ǰһЩ壬˶ˬ˺ܶ࣬ò裡
εݸˡ
һߺȲһģСʱ˹ǣ
˶վֻǸߵſڣԭɫ˹ɫһ䣬Ȼȫ()ͻȻ鴤ҵؿ°ĭ
ͻ(qng)÷ֵһһôˣж˰ɣ
ʱ˹ɫ˱䣬óһĶ硣
(qng)ֻõ˺΢Ļ⣬˹ڵϳ鴤ĻǱȽ
״£Ϊ˰﷢ˣ
˹֪֪˵ʲô
и߼ҽԱϰԷĲµģҪȫȨ𣡡
Ȩˡ
³ȥһˣ18~~
()

281.281 ôܣ

281 ôܣ
˹ֻ÷ǽи߼ҽԱԼҲһ绰
ܿ죬ڲһŵԱȵִ
Ѹٵó˹չ˾Ρ
еЧ˹ڵϳ鴤
һӿڵεĲ(qng)еأøϿҽԺȣ
ͷȻȡ
ȵĿ˵Ѿҽܿͻᵽˣ
ʱڵϵڵ(qng)ΣգȵҽԺĵʱ䣬Ⱦˣ
ϰ֮ŷģǻûء
˵ͱ˵Ҫʲô(qng)۹ԲŹǵġ
ϰŴȫûףصһλμʱͲˡ
Ҳȥﶼרҽƽƺ(qng)ȶˣھȻûס˵(qng)⡣
Ҫϰ£()ΪعҲд鷳ԲŻ᲻ϵƵȺͷϡ
ȻҲΪ˹Ӧú֮ǰһйء
ɫϵıã²³뷨
׼˵ȴȫ()ɢһɺ⣬ؿ˵ص㣬취ˣȴҪΣȫͲϸ񣡡
õĹҽں˹
Ҫ˹ʲô(qng)Ҳһʱ䵢Ƶġһ
ǸҪǲͷϣҲö죬ɸ鷳ֱ
ŷάԼһ˿ůɫ
ѵһ֮ڲ(qng)أֻ鴤Ϳ°ĭۣᷭȫ()򺮲ҪϿɾûˣ
()ϵĺ£ĪЩη壬⻰һôܣ
ϰصǴҲûۺȫ()򺮲
Ļʮ룬ֻŵ˹һ߳鴤һ˫ֽǺһĴ򺮲
ôҷӦ鴤ĸȻʼۡ
ҽ״˲ˣôܣ
Ů˵Ĳ֢ȻȫӦˡ
ӵʱ䣬ٲˣҪˣ˿ʱ䡣
ԥҽڣȣ鷳λСæ
˹רҽҪˣǻȥԻᱻ˹˹𷣡
()

282.282 

282 
ε(qng)أλҽûʩȣֻˡ
Ȼ׼ȷжϳ״ŮҲ̫ɵģֻҽˡ
Ȼῴ˹¡
һһҽ޶ԣ˹£Ƕ鷳
Էҽͬ⣬ó˽룬Ȼһ룬Ҫ˹(Ѩxu)λ¡
ҪʲôŰıɱ
һô룬ҪԼϰȥȼһͳȥҪֹ
ɴû˵ôβģŮ˲ıɱϰɣ
ֻô˵()ϣͱһ߷ˡ
أ()һϣ۵üһ
ıɱҪǵ²Ͷ߽棬һҪǣʮּ
üͷ룡
һһ˦Ǹʹһ(Ѩxu)λ
ٴҪУȴô޷ɵ۾֡
Ҫȥȥ()ϵ룬𣬡Ͱ룡
˶٣ӲĽҪȥͣסˣҪ˿ȴһĻŲѡ
ö徲ˣſʼר־Ϊ˹ʩ롣
ôһ֣ԭҲͬ˹˲졣
ЩĺȻѣʲôһ뾹Ȼ˵ֱ˲š
˵ǣǷȺͷܱ¶һֶסˣ
ǹŵʱڴ˵еĽ(Ѩxu)
רע׼ȷ룬Ȼָ˹()ϵļλࡣ
˾ȵһĻˣֻԭ鴤ͣʼ۵˹ĽͰĦ£״̬ȶ
Ųٿ°ĭҲټƽٷۺʹ򺮲
࣬ɿ֣Ӻѹˣ
⣡źƽ()Ҳƽȵ˹ҽ˶¶˲ŵ
ȶ˹Ĳ(qng)Ҳ̫˼ˣ
ʱȽҽԱҲ첽˽һˣ()ϻ˲ٽ룬ʱˡ
ȼ״Ϊ˹()(qng)
ͷӦȻóΪ˹Сĵıܹ˽롣
רҽȻܿöʾ(qng)˹ֵʱ±ˣ
ֶԼһ飬˹Ĳ(qng)õ˺ЧĿƣȫ֪ҪԼ(qng)ӵʡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

283.283 ֱ

283 ֱ
Ӻ˹ѹ۾
ʱѾҽԱᵽɳţһʼЩãžԼˡ
ʱʶ»ǶԷʲôЩӡ
ʣղСҿƵĲ(qng)𣿡
(qng)ʱ䲻ộŲٺ֢
ȴоȫ()·֮ǰֻһ
Цŵţղŵ(qng)ȽΣҾ˹ҽַˣ
˹ûио()ɹҽֶΣ()Ͼˣ
ȻУø(qng)벻ͬ(Ѩxu)ԴƲ(qng)ܶ˵е޷⣬ǹŵʱڻĵľ⣡ص
۹ԭסȻ˽ҽĵȡ
˹ͷȷʵ޷˽⣬ֱ̫ˣ
Цż˵()飬ҲԲüβġ
漴˼һתʣСжϳҵĲ֮ǰ˵ʲô
͵ֲǹҽ¼()()ԹʧۺȾˮס()ж()˥ߵȲ֢
ҸղŰ˰ŴʱӦʱ֮ÿη(qng)һαһΣʱÿҲӡ
ֻкȾˮףûص()˥ߣҪˣΣա
Ļ˹ɴ۾ʵû뵽ȻѰʲôܿô
ǼȽӴЩϵԱ֮ĵǾܵļرвģǾԲй¶ȥġ
ʱȷʵ꣬ҲڼŴÿʱͲ(qng)أⶼֱܿˣ
С㣬û뵽㲻ֻҽȻҲ˳뻯ĵز˹̾
ЦЦ˹ˣ
˹һ㶼Լޣ׼ȥúò(qng)
С㣬ҵĲ(qng)컹ٷ𣿡Щĵʡ
ᣬҸղѾýˣһǲٷˣ
עϢҪҹҪرʹ̼()ʳҲܺȣ
˹˿ãһעġ
С㣬ðһ䣬ⲡԸ𣿡
()

284.284 θ

284 θ
Ҫǻǰ˹Բ⡣
Ŵõҽҩʦ˵()޷׸ΣֻźͿơ
ɸղ¶ôһ֮Īıһ˿ϣ
Ц˵˹(qng)ûе޷׸εĵزֻҪŽҩƣȻƵġ
˼ǿȬ˹ɴ۾ʡ
ͷȬ
˹Щţ־Щ׼˵ȴȿˡ
ȻȥϢһʲôİɡ
ǹҪ˹θڣҲ˳öԷȥúò
Ļ򲡶ƣһﲻС˼иĳ롣
ҪǻƽҲΪ˰õɭݵĹȨҲֻõֶˣһﲻϹ
ȻɭҲмȤҪŪӻ磬Կֳܲ
˹Щɼֻǿ˵Ļ
Цݱ֮ǰ˲٣ãҾܴȥũ˳ƷС׼ͣ
첽˹ͣĳָָԼ죬еľɴڡ
˼˹λ֮ǰԲѷʮһֱӰΪƣʱĲ(qng)ǳΣҾʱ(Ѩxu)ͣһᡣ˵űǸȴû˿Ǹ⡣
˹ҲһŭҪΪԼƣĲ(qng)˵Ҫŵļһﵢˣ˵Ҫ
СˣҵʱʲôЦˣ˹żֱǸ
¶־֮ɫһֱ˹ڼȻ˵ʱҲҪ˼
ֽ()ϵĽε˳˵Աߵ(Ѩxu)λ˵ˣ
һʮС۵ģ֮϶취
ȻҪ˹ںȻС
ҽҪûβԻᱻһˮʱ˹£ʮ**漰⽻ʱҺȽ鷳
˾ǸԷõĽѵ
͵㣬Ⱥ
죬˹ԲῪġ
δ˵˹ͳ죡
ǼɸģԽԽˣȥ֮ҪöԷ
ɫְףȴٶ˵
ûĿ˹ЦЦ
ã˹ֺա
ֿʼһpkˣpkʱﶼᷢ~~ղءƼƱ(i)ǣôô~~~(qng)ر࣬Ҫȥʣµ1930~~~
()

285.285 Ҿϲô

285 Ҿϲô
ΪߣȻҪ˹¥
ŶԷ뿪תص˰䡣
һ裬磡
Ц˵Ƕˣ
Ҫ˹£ǲ۹ҲҪС鷳
Цŵݸһ裬ˣҵĵȻ£
ЦŽӹ裬Ժ󲻺ˣ
ŶȣЦʣθڣ
Ų豭һڣͷǰôϹأ
年˹ЦԽԽˣ
ЦұͲǺ˰
漴üô
ҲЦûаҾϲô
ŵķܺͷ͵ıιһ칷ʱ֪Ҫ˵ʲôã
ǲӦʶȤ뿪
˵ԼҵܵܿԺ󣬶˵(qng)һ(to)һ(to)ģŶе()顣
ŷֵܱôһ䣬΢΢Ⱦһۺ죬һۣ
ŷ˵磬㶼ú˹ɭݵ(qng)
ֻǿۺʵʳģӸ޷ɭݡ
׼ʳһСȱڣ˹￴ܲŪӻ硣
û뵽·תԷȻŴҲ˷ӵĻᡣ
ǴˣȻ˼ҲôģΪ˸Ĳ˹ѪԼȥ
ҸյϢٵ۹ǱȡɭݵĹȨ˳룬ҿŶ̲סĶ
Цż˹֮ǰӦѾѡٵ۹ˣ¶ôһ֣ΪӮת
ģлʲô𣿡Щʡ
ûش𣬷Ϳˣ˹ȥ飬Ȼ򲡵(qng)Է֪ҲҽĿŶȣһ̸еĳ룡
ȻĿ˵ĶԲԣ
ֵܿԼҵܵܣʱرһֻĴǹ
ȥһﻹ˵磬ǸĳͷԣӿɽҲ
ͷʱ䳤ˣֺһ۱ȽϺϣ뷨Ҳغϵһ
年ǣô
Լҵܵģֵܾüֱûˣǰ()ĵܵȥˣȻ(i)˾ǲһ
ðһۺݣֻ()ٳԹˣǷ׷()ǣ
()

286.286 ɵӣ

286 ɵӣ
˽˹зԱȻ÷ʰ
Ҳųũ
ڶһ磬ˡ
Դ˵˺ÿҾ¥ͼҪš
ôô磿ҪȥʲôͣŶ˶˶Ьȥ⡣
ת()ȥŪ²õ󷨣Ȼȥͣ
ũʳĳֿƷָߣƵԴʯõϣʵȴ
˹ܸߣýתöԷԶоô۸ʳģȻܱˡ
ܴŵʱڵظУһã
߹ȥɣ
һѣ˵Ͽȥ()壬ŪְﲻæҲаæˡ
漴Ŀĸȥİ˿鸹ɾҪɷ()Сˣ
ҲǿЦʵ()ķǳߺ()УǼ()пȴϡ
ЦһԾӣɿһаɣȥˣʳ㣡
ɲԼ()ģһֱѧԺûȥսţѵȷʵ̫˵ͳȥˡ
ũĿܺã㲻ϲģȥܲȭ
ŷʧıӰһЦ⣬һ䣺ɵӣ
(qng)õȥũܰŪ󷨣һ**ũɢӿֲЩ()ۡ
ĵĿɶԴʯôҪ˹()Ҳ
Ū󷨺ȥ˳ʼæµ
ũɻҲ˵ˣϰһͣһ()ѣֻźȥԡ
йͣױ㡣
˵ʮ֣Ⱥ˹һˣ滹ż۹ŵˡ
߽ũһζƮ˹˲öӶˡ
ױ͵ſڣЦ˹
ϰ׼ͣλֱȥɣ
ȵͷ˹Цݣã
ԭʳþͱȽϴ󣬴ʱǽ֧˳ӣڷŸʳζ˿ڸ֮()
ýе׼ãͼǡ
˹ӭǰũͣ
ЦָָЩǸͣ⣡
˹ϹûԶŶӣڿ廨ŵĸͣʱԼľ̫ˡ
ЦкС㲻ˣҲÿȥѡ˰ɡ
2030~~
()

287.287 Ҽ

287 Ҽ
׼ͲƷܶ࣬ˡ(r)ˡʽ㡢ʽ㡢ɳϡСԡˮ
˵ũԱûܶˣȺ˹ҲûôĲƷ
˹ļˣʼ˵ҪƷʳǲûô
ɿôûƷֵʳ֮ζ̲ס׷ȥѡˡ
Ҳһżһ
˹ʱĻָŲ˶ʣƷ
һʼ֣ÿƷͼһ飬Ʒζһ۾ǹʣ׷()Ӽ˲ϲĲˡ
Ǽеò࣬ũԱǲ½߽
ԭ˵˵ЦЦʱ򻹻֣֪йͣǶ˺ֻ֪ܶ࣬ӼвȻͷ
ҲûƽһԵࡣ
˹˵עڳϣҲûũԱһ͡
ֻǷЩӺԵľ¡
һСʱ˹ԼˣһԵĶӳŵöҪ߲·ˡ
ҿ۶ζ̫ˣ
ǰرǹȻֱһȥ֭()Ƥ
ұȽϲˮ()ư()ͺţ()ڣ۹ĺ̫ˡ
ϲԸɰͳóԣ
һȺ˵ԵղסˣʵǾ̫ζˣҪǶʵڳŲȥˣǶٳԵ㡣
ȶԳˣԷ˵һ֣ÿζܳԵͬĲƷÿζоϲ
һɵģǵȻˣܶأ
ȷԴӵܵܺӴϲ˼С˶һеĻ
Ц˵㲻пڸˣ
年Ȼ춼ҲͬóԵģ
ڱֺ˲ܵȻҪȻԼҶǰûӡ
ЦͷҼģ
ЩŤĿֹ֣Ҷôˣҵͷ
ЩСʱ(ͦͦ)ĵİ
˾Ϳʼˣ
һͳԵ˹ʮ⣬ĺøвϵ
Ц룬ճ꣬Ҵȥũתת˳ɢɢ
˹Цŵð
֮ǰǳũģֻһҪĿġ
˹ũתһȦȥɽϿ˿
()

288.288 

288 
˹˲ûȥũׯ԰ɻǵһμʳĺľ˺õġ
С㣬Ҹоũһת˹ֻУҲС
ص˹оûдũʳ֮ԳôãҲõһֹŵʱڵĴйأҪôʯתȻɢܹũ
Ҳ˵ʳũʳģǿ()ĹЧĳЩԣʳģ()ʡ
˹ʹõʳĺͷһ˿ô˵Ǻܻɡ
()ŵļ˲̫ţļٵģһǵһ˵ʳܹ()ʵġ
ô˵Ҳ޷ᣬԺлǳЩʳģԼ鵽ˣ׳
˲ȤǿҪعˣСǳҲ԰
ʲô󷨣ǵûʲô뷨Ͼ˼ҵܣ϶֪ġ
ЦĻһΪλ׼ͻЩʳİɣ
(qng)ãС̫ˣ˶Ƚϸˡ
ũʳĳóãζڣʯģȻܸȤ
ҪֹЧǵ˹ϵȻҲΪʱʱṩֻҪ()ʣ۸Ҳֵá
ȫ˵ʯṩֲ˽ȥҲϾ;ʳļ۸ܸߣȫµ(to)ꡣ
ιũ˹ԴǸĿС㣬Ҳ(qng)Ǽ֪ˣȻҪĽҲæҲ֪㣿
ӵϿȷʵˣû뵽޷˵Ļ򲡶ܱ
ƽҲƫ
ֻǣɭݺͽȺһҽ
֮Ȼų漰͹֮ĽףҲһ֮ãŴ˼λоȨŸ˹
Ҳȷʵ˵˹Ĳ˿ˣºܺ档
ǰо()岻֪Сܲܰææ
²˹뷨Ҳóļ˴ŴֹףŵĵλӦò͡
ȻҪһԣ档
ðרſĵطλɣһơ
˹΢ЦǾʹСˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

289.289 Ҳ̫

289 Ҳ̫
һȥ˰칫¥רʰķ䡣
Сɣǿģһҷ()һҩҡ
߹ȥ£̧ͷżˣ˭ȿ
һЦ߹ȥ棬Ȱɡ
ͷָָϵ棬һַֻ档
ַȥʼ
ʮڵ㸹()ף
ʱĻŻ¡кʹʲô󲡣
ĵɫ˲㶣־ܿ
ǽһʱæģǰ׼
εЦ֣ǰ
ͨ࣬Ȼж()(qng)ҽĿַǿⲻˣǿصУ
ƶǶ˵ԭͨ翴еţ
˹ѾҽоٵϣҲ棬ʹĹҽʹý͹ҩƣƺܶ()Ч
ֻĹҽмѾڶϾ(qng)Ⱥ٣ⷽڵĸûС
ðһҲ˿ԭҽ
Ӳţʵǰɲš
С㣬ҵĲ𣿡
ȷʵʲô󲡣ֻ()ҽԺҲ޷ΣÿηȥҽԺ£ܼʹɲܶϸĺܷ
ϾÿηǷǳʹġ
ͷȻܸΣҶģֱӷҩˡ
Сæҩ𣿡Цʡ
ҩҲֻ䣬ԼһܾܼЧҲٷһ¾ܶϸ
ҪȻҪˣӲСһµģҩһġ
ԭҩıȽϹȻ׳Ҳ䡣
һ
һ
һ͸߹£ԾĽһַֻŵϡ
˰£أ飡
ҲֻóҩͿԵ
һ
ܿ죬˹һ˶һ顣
ֻܾ׼˵ǵĲ(qng)ƶϳһЩǲϰߣǸġ
ҲʹȫˣЩ()ɶû˾׼ȻѰȫ˽⣬ҽҲ̫ˣ
()

290.290 Ҳǲ

290 Ҳǲ
(qng)أֻóҩͿԸΡ
˵(qng)΢ص㣬Ҫҩơ
ѯǵȫʾҪƣҩ衣
˹󺧣Ȼ֮ǰѾ׼ɻǱҽˡ
˿꣬Ҳ˹ȥС㣬˵ҵĲҲԸȬǲҲҪҩ裿
˶Ҫغܶ࣬ѾӰ쵽г׸εĻᣬȻܷŹˡ
Ц˵ͰѹˣҪεĻҪΣȻһҵҩˡ
ֻ㲡(qng)Ҫز٣ҩʹõҩҲܶࡣ
˹⻰Ӧ£óǱһֶ٣ֻҪͷСæˣ
΢ЦҩҶãǷҽҩ˾ԱҪͨ˾µٸ(qng)á
˹һܿе⡣
Ҫβҩû⣬ȺͷȽǢ
ڵ׽ǢʲôﵱȻ
˹룬û⣬ǽͺͷ̸
С㣬ðһ£ŴˣǲǶԷ˵ҩ裿ǼŴгԱõ˲٣ĸ׺үүС
Ҫƺãɾ˴󹦡
صÿ˵()(qng)ͬ(qng)Ҳͬ(qng)ҩ裬˷˲һܳ׸ΣͬĲͬˣҩķ඼Ҫı䡣
(qng)԰ѹȷȻƷ
Ŵ⿿ҩҲȫΣҪĲС
˹ô˵ûʧࡣ
С㣬ҵĲ(qng)Ҫǳ׸Σ˿϶עȻͬҪõҽΣ֪ܲȥ۹ͣ
룬Ҫ(qng)ʱĻҲǲԣ
˹һ֪ת徵أ̫ˣ
С㣬֪ܲܰһƣ
ЦŵĽ춼԰ҩ軹ǵͨܵҽҩ˾¶á
û⣡˹Ŷֻ꣬ҪܸΣԸЭ
Ƿֱȥڷģ궼о()˺ܶࡣ
һ˻ᣬڵҪȥԺΪû򲡵˿λҪǻũԱ㣡
绹Ҫȥæ⼸ͺˣʣµ20ɣôô~~
()

291.291 ˭Ҵ

291 ˭Ҵ
Ļ˹׷()
Ҳ£ȸˣ֮ٹݷС㣡
ͷã
˹ŷ˵ܣһøͰɡ
ã˹ŵЦŵͷżζĹʡ
˹뿪ʰ»(to)·ͷһȥԺ
˹£ûһȥ
ԺѾźûߣһͿʼ
ĵ࣬ŵĲ꣬ȥסԺ¥Ϊлϼġ
лүӾϴεĺܷõҩ裬(qng)Ѿת˺ֻܶ࣬()岻ôӷףµ·ˡ
סһ߼Ϊġ
֮ΪŻغ
лүڶ̬º˺ܶ࣬ǿԼСһ
Сģ˵㿪һũŷˮʡ
ÿҪһˮҪǱļϼһ٣ÿء
Ц˵ǰũֲĶԭʳģ
лүűӣ̧ͷʣһ˵ũĹˣ۵ʿũס𣿡
ΪǹЩˣţǸɻ(ͦͦ)ģũ˲סǶũס
лһСģ㿴ȥũɻ𣿡
Ų䣬ҿһģҲøҹʣֻð԰סͺˡȻ˻򲡣ôҲǰ˼ߣܰ￴ũİȫء
ʵǲԺˣʲôɣ׼ȥ
ҪȥũҲɵĻ£Ϊβ
ʧЦлôȥɻˣ
һԺͷɢˣ˵ܺã˳ȥ͸͸
лүӱ֤ģҾԲȥ鷳
û(ͦͦ)ӭģôһ뵽ũ˭Ҵ⡣
Դӳпҵһһú󣬸ױǱߴѾкüųУũ
ϵЦֻҪԺҽļͬ⣬Ȼǻӭүӵġ
лүӾϲˬһ㣬û⣬ǿ϶ͬġ
ʰɡ˵
лүӼ֣ն˸Ժ˵绰
Էԭǲͬлү뿪ģ˵Ҫȥũͬˣ
ҽүȥũܵõõơ
лүӽŲ(qng)ԸָŮ˵绰˵ԺͬˣүҲȥβũҲ׷ͬˡ
()

292.292 Ǹõط

292 Ǹõط
Ժ겡ϾͶлүӡ
صũлүӱֺһ߽ȥ
ĴǴ޺죬ƢЦŵǸõط
ȴүȥסɡ
ã߰ɣлүмȲ
ûΪүӰŵ䣬ǰһ(to)䡣
лү֪ũɻĶס䣬ǾҪΪһͳɡ
лүˣȻҪźãϾ()ݲͬҲȽϴˣסûô㡣
ס(to)ĻԺҪ̽ҲӴסޣϾͱƴˣ
лүڰ֣УҾ㰲ţ
彫үӵ£˳һ
лүЦ˵ҵСҲôϵʱ򣬸Һүү㣡
Ȼû´ܿСӣǸ̵ĺӡ
ֻǳСӵƢҵ˹ߵ˭һ⣬˵رѹ̣ܽڵ۶Ǻеİ
ڽӴ֮󣬷Сʵ(ͦͦ)ġ
ǲ֪ȫΪƢŸĺ˲ٵģ֮л϶ũãŲæʰ
ЦҾȶлˣ
лϣũԼһɾУһ(r)ȥʳóԣרŵ¿ҡ֪ҪүӲɻ϶
лףãһũúúõġ
ס˼ҵĵطȻҪ(qng)ˣҲܰ׳԰ס׺ȣ
ãǾ鷳лˣ
лү˵˵ũ(qng)ͻرˣһȥϴ˸衣
һȥʳóлүӴʱѾʳˣũԱһƬ
һʼҶųݺ;ηүӽԼͶλɻͷûκμӣҲͽķ
ʳ߲һһһˮ
һĩʳһЩ
ү֮ǰ˵˶պľ䶹Եú㡣
ԭֻũס͸͸һٺ󣬱ıע⣬Ҫũסˣ
ճ˼ڣȹˡ
ͷ忴߽ʳõķȶЩ⡣
磬ôˣʡ
Ц˵Һ˹̸òˣٹ̸̸
ЦʣԹ𣿡
ʼ磬ûأǳˣ
ǸտʼԣҪǲһ𣿡ʡ
ºЦȻˣҸպöˣ
ûд꣬21~~
()

293.293 ˱˻

293 ˱˻
ºлүһһ
תͷȥһվлϣô
лүЦӯӯ˵Ժũһˣ⣡
û뵽϶ҲãƺܿЩϼһǾͻ֪Լũɻ(qng)ˡ
ʱŲ裬ŷˮŶ͸߲ˣЩ϶Ľ
е£ߵʱûλôһͱũһӣ
ҲõʣЦ˵үпڸˣũĻʳɺˣҪƽ̫æũɻء
ĻǾȥƴɣЩϼһУлүȻĻȡõˡ
˵ĺ۹⡣
εĵϵǲһᾭ䷹ģ
Դӳũķ˺ԭʳʧȥȤ
У´ͷ壡лүӶԷֵܵӡ󲻴
ͷۣûٱүŰȴЦŵû⣬Ҿүдд裡
˼䣬лϾ³Էˡ
ȻⲻĲˣΪʳķǳʣʦˮƽԽԽãȳԵҲȽ㡣
극лүӴһкȥɢʳˣϪߵı
ºʣǺȲ衢֭ǿȣ
Ȱɣһߴһ˵
֣ҲҪһ
ͷͽ˳ĥ󿧷ȣ
Ⱥʣлôũˣ
彫Ժ(qng)˵һ飬һΣҪҲþܾ
ЦˣǱ˱˻ԣ
λԺũû˸ǻ߸
˵үӿǰ˼ߣǿңҲʰıڿǻǮ벻ģ׬ˣ
лүӿǳĻ̺Ƣ𱬣˭Ҫǵ׵Ĵżһ˾ȥ˶Էִڣ˭û취
ٺһЦ绹ô
ܿ죬һɿȵζӳƮ˳
žÿ(r)ӿóԺúȵģͲؼסס
ܵԴסũ󣬾ûлؼסˡ
ЦЦ˵磬Ľģ
ؼȥס
ûĵһۣСӣ
˵ЩĽܵܵ(r)ӣ컻ŻĳʳҲ밡
ܿ죬ȳ
ȺſȣܵĿɳϣһĽܵܣһΪܸܵˣ
()

294.294 Ҳôӣ

294 Ҳôӣ
һߺȿһġ
Ц˵(qng)
˹ȥ۶õһԭԷÿⳢ˵һҡͷ˵Ǳ̫Զˡ
˵ЩһԼȥԼ٣׵Ҫũʳģ
˹Ϊ׵ĺü˶ǳԻ㲻ǳԻģҲθ
Цãҿһʣǳ
ǶǴ򣬶ԳԺֵ׷ܸߣշѵˣָƷʲУʹþû⡣ȱǸڵˡ
Цеĵͷô˵Ҿͷĵˣ
һڿʣ磬ǽ͹Էû̸ɭݵ(qng)
ȹȻ̸ˣ
ԭ˹׼ɭݵĴ󲿷ֹȨǸٵ۹ֿһ֮ǶͣũʳƷʣǶı⡣
ǺǩһԼֻҪ()ϵļɭ͹
һֹǶ𣡡
ļ죬õ۶֮ǰǹ˾ļһһ
ɭݵҪȨǶ㣡Ժ¾Ҷ磡
ЦЦҲãպ˹֣
ɵ˹˻ٶе㲡Ҳǵͳһˣ˹һ˵ľһȫЦ
Ǵŵĸ߲㣬ƽӦȽ϶࣬ȾƲܱ⣬ʱ˳ֻό꣬߾ҹԶٶе()ϵë
ɭݵĺԼǩˣĵľҩ裬ҪʱͳհúãʷҲסԼ״򣬲˹Ҳɵӣûᡣ
Цŵͷ⼸ãȻݺݵһʣ
(ͦͦ)ȱǮģʳƷͶʻ(ͦͦ)ģ÷š
˹ʣµʲôʱӵ۹֪ͨþع㣡ͻȻ
صһξˣ
ֻҪѧУȥѳ
Ȱڰ֣û⣬ҵʱѧУ˴кʱľС
Цã
漴Цʣܴк¶Գ𣿡
ĺſȵû⣡
ӻ󣡡̾ȻѧУƽܵ(ͦͦ)ϡ
յǰ˵ȥ˵Ҳһģ
Ҳôӣü
ȻصУҹùã˵ûôӣ
һ£֮ǰ;֣ôȥһѧԺԭѧԺУȻùãһڵڶѧԺߣ˭ܺߣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

295.295 ÿ

295 ÿ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôʱԳȥ(qng)д̨
忴ЦЦʱȥΪ(qng)ģϾʱһսŵ񣬿ɲߺţ
Цǻȥ˵˵Ҳȥ£
ҲãʡԺ󱻱˾˵л
Ҫȥҹ˾оƻҩ裬ʱʱҪȥΪ룬кһͿˣ
еãȥд룡
Ұȥݽ
˵ҺרŹĵʦ죡
ü۴ЦðǾͽˣҪҲһдˣ
һģ԰Ҫôأ
ȿŴʱԼҵܵܣһֻҡβĴǹʱҪ
ͷЦʣҪʲôˣ
㶼ȥɣǶʳĻѧУ
걭еĿȣñӣȶҲ㣡
һۣǷİ
ǰ㻹ǷôϢأְһ(qng)ǷҵĶˣֱ׳Ц˵
ϵ()Ťһѣ
ͻȻ()ʱе㳤ӦȥҸŮˣֱԼҵܵιһĹ
ˣ˹ȥũվ()
ãߣͷ彫ͳũ
ʱϦϼũȾһůɫĹԡ
˼һղųԵе㱥Ҳɢɢʳɡ
ͷа
һũС·ϲţͷɢţ˶Ⱦһů⣬Ҳů
Աߵ˲ʱĿԼһۣʣ㿴Ҹ
һƦЦÿ
û뵽ô˵ںڵϣĨˣ
ûղͻȻò(ͦͦ)ÿġʼ硣
һۣұͺÿ
ǣСŮ˰ɣͶ
ЦһצӣСŮ
һץס֣ܵĴ¶ȣǱһ£ַſˡ
ЩźӦöץģץź
ŮӻҪ㣡ɿһ
Ŀ׹Ŀʲôܵ𣿡
Цãܵԣĸ
()

296.296 

296 
Сһţ쵰ǹأ
õ󣬱֮оģѿڶǲãĸպÿԴһԣ
һۣ
Ȼ첽ǰӣһﾡЦ׷ȥ
ϼһǰһ׷()ϣůůģ
ڶһ磬ϴ¥Ѿ()ˡ
ҪԴлɣ߹˵
Ƴһۣĸл
ʧЦأ
ҪҼ³ĸ첲չһֺá
ȴЦƤ̫ˣۣ
Ҫ߼ţյĸ
ĺϣ()ǹζڱǼ⣬Ĳ¡
ԽԽƿ
߽˳˴лϺȣƤ()࣡
ԵüЦϰ()ʰӡ
ȻһȥѧУ
ûûֱȥ˽ѧ¥彫͵¥£ת()ȥսϵĽѧ¥
˶һĻ¸϶˴ԡ
п̸(i)ǰɴû͹ǸŮϿΡ
ֻǰڷƽ̫Ҳֻұ£ɲ˵ʲô
ںϵҲ˽ȥҷϸѧ()֮ṩ˲ٵڹѧλͬѧźá
ƢȽϺãҲˬ죬ܿӮЩ˵ĺøС
ϵĿγ̽һŹȻͼѾվˡ
˹ȥٶ(ͦͦ)ġ
Цǣ߰ǻᣡ
ģһҵģͷ
ģҴ˻𣿲˵ȥ𣿡
ЦЦĿʲôʱ˵ģ
찡ǵҶ˵ġ
ʣҪҴ绰統֤£
Ҫţ֪˾óһۣҪģ·
ϣ忡ϾеĲЦݡ
ƽУģֿ˧קû˼Цôõһ棬͵Ů̲ס
ôЦĺúÿ
붼һĽʣǺ벻ͨ()ϵʲôرĵطܹһŮˮ޵Уԣ
ѵΪƯӦûôǳɣ
ܿ죬ϿΣ¿εϢִУ԰
14~~
()

297.297 

297 
ϯڿɳϴϷ彫ˣ۾
žӭ˫ĿƵ۾ǶԼǶʱе
ӳȥ
ϯ()Ц˵
Ŀȥˣ
Ȼ˳
ϯƲƲ죬ϴʲôͶô𣿡
Ц֮ǰ˵׷ȻҪˣ
ϯú޹ǲпһ䣬˭֪Ͷ˼ˣ
ˣԺǰˢڸУԻÿġζ˵
ϯ()ӽ˽ðɣһԶ㣬ϴ׳ԵĻĪ
ǼڶᱻﶪսȥǵĶӳҪ̫ˡ
˳һֺõ˵ʲôˣϴ
һֱϴ˵𣿡
һҭҾʣܵ𣿡
̧ʳָҡҡԲܣ
óϣ⣬ˣϴɣ
ˣҲǿһ
ȫ(i)Եġ
ü
ʱͲܹţʱ͵
Ҫǻǰ϶ͲĽˣԴԼʱͻ᲻Ծ
ûί˵
ίúϴˡ
Ȼһϼˣֳһ()Ƭ⣬ȻֻһȽ㣬ĸ˳ԡ
Ĳ()໹زζһϯ嶼Եúܻ졣
ֻзԵòζûԶ٣׷ǳ룬ʱĻͶȥһСԹ񣬿ġ
úЦȴһӵͷԷ
ϯ״˵ȴһţŽȥ
һʰŽϴϯʣղô˵ҿϴ󶼲(i)ԽĲˣ
Щ˼СڵȤȥϹκʲô
ǿˣ壬忴ųԵò˲ȴС
ϯЩϴڵԻ·Ǹˣ
ѹ˼Ҷ˵(i)еŮˣԼԺǲҪ̸(i)ˡ
Ҫȷ(qng)ֻ̻ͣѾʼˣֻԭʼ״̬ء
()

298.298 Ϊأ

298 Ϊأ
극彫ͻᡣ
㣡
ЦҪңֲǲ·
һϿи鰡ˣȻ˵ϿģЩŤĶһˡ
ŷеĶӵıӰʧЦò£һʮ**ǶԼ˼
岻׷Ҳơ
˵׷ô׷ģûǲʶʱһǸקģߺߣ
˯һͺˮһһˡ
忿ڴſĴϣһֲֻ㶵紵鷢͸߲Ҷ˼ĿϣִżƦÿƲ۾
סڸŮͣĿ̲סͱˣ
Уݿɲ˵ģȻ˧ըˣ
ˮһ޿ҲЩƲۣУܿǿջĿ⣬ֹ˹
УϿˣ
Ȼ˵ͷֻѹϵֻҪ۾ϹĶܿ׷Ů(to)·
ĵţ˵ˣ
ڿѧԺŮĹˣһŮģˮһ޸̾
ϲϷˣúףϾ̫̫Ŀˡ
ȴҲһֱΪ˳Ƕ˭ģ˭ȥĶᱻӻҼ̤ͲʲôǶŮʿ
ҲɵңǷ(i)Ľ׷ߣ򿴵öġ
Щǵһʲô(qng)
Ů˺οΪŮˣƫЩŮⲻˣҪ޶Ů()ϡ
û취˭ô㣡ˮһ޸ҿ϶Ƿûа˵()ƾⳤʺҲԵһƱŮġ
Ȼ()ݱļӳ֣Ч͸ˣ
߰ɣЦЦ
ˮһһѣȥɣҺԼһȥ
ŲҪˣȻ󻹲˵кһͬŮˡ
εЦЦŷ˹ȥˣ(ɧɧ)
ӣ޹˵(ɧɧ)ˣ
ͷµɨɨȫ()ɢһҺ(ɧɧ)Ϣ
Цã᲻ú˵أ
߲أü
ߣ
忿ţһֱЦܿʼͻᰲŻսʵսѵˣҪҰ㲹𣿡
ЦΪأ
ôˣĪ
ûҵĲξͻῼ񰡣
㣡һҭ۵Ⱦһ˿Լ֪ĳ磬ܲˣ
ܣ
ĸ

Ȿԭ׼Ǽ·ߵģȻдҷѾ֪ᵽȥ~~~չҵٺС£ǰûóԹģҸодĻ(ͦͦ)ģͼ·߰ɣⱾĶӦòࣩܶ~~~~~~~1530~~~
()

299.299 ѵ

299 ѵ
ҩѡ޿Σһλá
Ҳ˲˵͵ע⡣
ϿʱȽϾ۾֮ܳɹҲҪˮġ
ҩȤ󣬿ɻ()ΣҿƣȻǰĶˡ
ڶʵսѵѡ޿Ρ
ʦһλ()ĿӣȥȽ࣬ϿҲȽϸ
ʵսѵδֻ֮һҵŮսϵģмٲǳŷġ
ʵѵ()(ͦͦ)ţò˵ŮԵúȺ
Ǳ߿ȫ()ɢŰķ壬ҲһС
ʦɨɨ¶⣬˵ƺܵλ
ҽǵǸ񶷣սвɻȱġ
λʦһߣʾ˵ȴûܣǷأ񶷵ļɶܵλ
ǷѵŮŮ
ӣûӳɹɵʦ䡣
ûѰӶһ˰ͷȥм׵Ůߵǰ
Һһɣ
о˶żֲƣð
£Ůӡ
꣬˫a츳սϵܴŮŽǰĴڡ
ƽΪ˱Ƚ׺Եʱ۸˳۵Ů
ԭ()sa˫츳սϵҲѹһöԷǲˬ
ֻ֮ǰԭ()սףԼ츳һֱûơ
ԭ()˫츳dˣԭ()֣ʱƣֳҪǲѧԺﶯ֣ԭ()ѾԷˡ
Ҳ˵˿˳ۺܾˡ
Ůͬ⣬˿ͬʱҲɵöͬ(qng)
ǵţҪˡ
ֻǲ֪᲻ͷˡ
Ǳ߲Ҳ¶ͬ(qng)ɫҲҪϧڷǰұ¶
ѡŮеӡֲǵãֻ֪սϵţ˵ƽҲ(ͦͦ)ŵģûƹ
ѡ֣һҪѵģɫ䡣
ֵ֪Ȼ֣
ǷòҲûôģսϵҪ۸Ȼ޶ԡ
ʦ˰ڿΣÿ˶սϰ
꿿ѵˣܿУ
()

300.300 

300 
ӵһμͲϲԷ
ǸƯһ()츳Ļƿ᳤ñԼƯŮˡ
츳ˣһֱһѵɶԷãǱ˺ܾá
Ȼ÷¿νͣ͸ˬ
ãˣ
һףǷ
ЦٻԿȴû
ʹ˳ªڵĺܳ󰥣
˵󣬵Ҳܵ
źݻ()ӣҲʵ
ôŵĻ˵ԷûȻ˵ʵ⵨Ӿеˡ
Ť£Ҳû뵽ǰΨΨŵŵȻô
۾ͬѧҪս
ǶսһַźţֻҪԷͬ⣬ǾͿʽˣֻҪУʦܵġ
ϾһԸͬġ
֣ĵ˵ãͬ⣡
ڳϷٴθ̾׷׳ŷȥ
ֻޱ(qng)վţϿϲŭҲûҪȥæ˼
Уȳȭȥ
ЩüͷҲ̫ˣһͳ˼ҵᣬǼʮ
Ůеͬ(qng)еֻ
Ҫһñף֪廹᲻ɶͬ
()һֱһɢȭͷҪʱֽ̧Էȭס
ȭٶ˵һ䣬˳ŽԷһֵ˶ԷĶϡ
ܿ죬˾ȵһĻˡ
ֻͳһȭȻûκηӵˡ
һȭǵѹԷסĶӺ󣬽ԷַƣȻӺһŽԷ߷
ӵٴγܿͱøָ񶷵ļɶȻ󹥻
ȴûгŶԷǳŲ()ϵı
εºֻȫ()۵óҲˣ¶Ͳš
Ѿ˫츳dķϲΪֵֻûУôôǿ
ڵϣ۵()ӣ߹ȥĿһۣ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
겻̧ͷдżֲԾη塣
ЦһΪ̫ˣ
겻ǼòԼƯŮȻҪԷʹˡ
ڳ˳˳ǣ⻰ǾˣҲʮֵ
ҲǶһŮĴˡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

301.301 ǿɲŰ

301 ǿɲŰ
㣡
һ÷
òԱһ㣬УеԲϲֳΪɣܾԱͬʱҲһֶƯŮޡ
ڱ˵ŭֺޣ
ȴ˵ʲôĺݻʵ()ϵʹһĪĺ⣬Ů̫ˣ
òᣬЦЦʣͬѧҶսϰ𣿡
()һˣ
ֻϿȥҽƣȫ()۵̫ˣ
ǽ͵ڴ´κͲͬѧٶսϰ΢΢һЦ
ҪˣʡԺˡ
걻⻰Ūһһɵ˲Żսϰ
Ĭ˵߹һĻȣ˾ϲ۸ߣ¶˷С
̧ɨɨܣϴ޺Цݣǻ˭ҶսϰҶ㣡
Ů˶׷˺һǸŶſˣǿɲȥ
Ҳ𾪲ѣ𿴲ǸŮģսϵܴùࡣ
ںսֵضûУһֱǱķݣǿɲŰ
ҿóĸ񶷼ĺţǴӹǷܿȵʦоĸá
ܺսϰģֻзˡ
뵽ҷ׷׳忴ȥֻʱޱ(qng)ȾһΪٵĽЦݣҲ͸ټ͡
ŷӦ֮ǰǷ岻֪֮
ģʦ˹Цĸ񶷼ɷǳλܲ
Ȼʵ䵽dĸ񶷶սʵǷһ߶ս
ҲǸӣ
ЦЦллʦ佱
ȥĶսѵҲŰԷ˾
¿ν󣬺ܿУѧ̳Ͷһӡ
һףǷ
ܶ˿Ӷĵ˽ȥ
һͼƬǲŻĽͼűĻ
⻹һƵʵѵϣѡֵſµƵ
Ҳ֪˭ʱ͵͵¼ģ˵
һʼҿŽͼ㶣Ȼһ뷨Ҫˡ
()ΪһŮսȽϳѧУСʶ˲١
֮(r)Ż⣬˺ܶ˶̲ס㿪Ƶۿ
˼װޣԱȽæͲϹװҪȥţʣµ1930ɣôô~~
()

302.302 ʵ

302 ʵ
Ƶ㿪ݺʹȫͬ
ԭΪᱻ۸ңû뵽ȴȫ߸ǵ
ǲνҪѵԼǷɣ
û뵽û뵽ǰûл֮
ĸ񶷼ɺԼȥŰġ
ã꾭۸ѧԺﳤƯûǿ󱳾Ůڱſ¾ǱӦ
ǰսϰʮ**Ҫ۸˼ң˭֪ߵְˣ
ֻע⵽սôǿ𣿡
㲻һˣҲˣսĺǿһߣƾ񶷼ɶӮ
˵()Ѿd𣿡
ϾǰaʣdӰӦûдֱӱͨˡ
ϴõ˵ڶʼ˵׵ģѧԺˣִҪǿսҴʦǰʵ֤ˣǸڶʵ飡
֮ǰҶΪȫǰѽɿƵҾôôĲš
ľ˿죬ĿʼЩˡ˼ҲƯ츳󲻵ûзԽԽã־
ǰѹַͬǵ˵Щ񣡡
쿪ʼҾˣӺ˧
ۣͬ
ǲ̫𣿲겻սϰ£ڽ˼ᷭڵ𣿡
¥⣬ѧУʲô˭֪ӲģȻ֣ҷĺã
¥¥Ϲ֣
̳죬ѧΧʵֵ̽ģҲԼս֤ѧڵʵ飡
ԭвΪͬＵĽˣҲĸĹۡ
ʵսѵͷֱ뿪ѧУ
ȥ˹ģŸ
ЦΪ㵱˾
ǲҪллˣαϡ
Цÿֻüǵҵĺþͳɣ
Ҫ
ʣ磬Ҫѧɣ
ЩĲͷУùãɲ㣡
ѧеǰ취ʮ˵
ĵСͲˣԺԼܰԼ(qng)ҲٸҵĲ磡
½ддŷȱһ(qng)ƷдҪˣ2030һ()Ŀ930ˢôô~~
()

303.303 ̫

303 ̫
Բ궼Ƚĵط֣ȥһʱˣҳ鲻ơ
ԺԼʮ**Ƶߡ
ʼ磬аɣ˵ôô죡
ԣͷ
û˵㽫ҵʲôأ
ʱ(ͦͦ)һֻǹģЦ
һۣ᲻˵أ
һ·ЦЦܿ͵ũ
ңԶ۹
һ()սװ߽(din)һ۾Ϳڿɳ϶Ūèˡ
Ų̧ͷɫ(ͦͦ)
ͷеĶŵϣ˹˴˲ȷۻ˵㳢
Щ⣬ҲȱȱƽͶ˺ܶࡣ
ӿڴ﷭޲һƿۡ
ƿɫķʱ㶣ٵĴ򿪸ӣһɵϤƱǼ⡣
֮ǰõӣһСڷŵٵһ˿ϲ
漴Ҷ򿪣ǵ̲ͺ裬Ĳɵ
̲()ȥһһűӵֽ˽
Ϥζһ˿ǳħе
Ų豭վڳ˽ʲôζϲ𣿡
̧ͷż欵չһЦ޵÷·ʢƯĵϲ
ȻѾ鼸£ÿοЦǻ᲻ż£۹һ˹Ȼ鴫
˹ʱٴһЩ
ЦʣǺ˭򵽵ķۺͲ裿ζرҺϲ
̫Ҹʣ絭ص
˼һת˹ն˺Ƕ٣Ժģ
Щ⣬Ұʰɣ
Цŵ˲ôҴ绰ʷۺͲҶ(qng)ûɣ
֪Ů˵ƢһĴЩͷۣ㣡
ȻͷŪնˣҷˣ
ɫ˹ĵ绰ȷʵֻѯ¹ڷۺͲϢԷ˵һũǲԾ¡
ڲԶһֱ˹Ը˼䣬Ҷ˵绰
ûվ()Ҫ¥
üģҪֵʲôʱ򣿡
ת()ĿûȤȥλȶǾ飬ȥСĸˣ
һ׼˵ȴ첽¥ֻһıӰ
()

304.304 ζ

304 ζ
˹ӵ绰ʱڷȵĳϣҲû˵ȵһ
ǰͷкʳöˡ
ǵʱȺ˹Ҳˡ
ǰҪĿĻǻ͡
߼ʳÿʼϲˣҾ±߳Աġ
ʳóʦȻûζҲöˣ˹˳ԵĻ(ͦͦ)ġ
Ҫʱ˹ʣС㣬ﻹ轷ۺͲ𣿡
УѾˣҲ׼ۣ
˲ʣôˣ
˹Цŵģ֮ǰͷ˼ƿȻƿ۹̫ϲҪðæٹƿ
Ҷ̫ҲϲһЩȥ
ҪңȻһȥý˵
û뵽˹ôͻ۹̫ϲ
۹ȡǵƣȻҲᣬȨڵ۹Ƚϸٹ̣Ҳռλ
̫()۹Ǻܸˡ
˹Цǰ̫պͨһҪٴһЩۺͲҶȥ˵Ǽζ
һ䣬£ζ
ǰ㣬ũûӣңеĻҲҴȥϲԵˮ̫˵Ĳһ䡣
ɫӣҵũмãûнԺӣϵ㣡
ð˹ЦǷۺͲ裿
뿪ʱһƿȥģôҲ˹Ϊѡ
лС£ԺҲң˹(qng)á
ʣ̫նһҪǳȽˮԷһݸ
˹ΪҪչ⣬Ǹ˵˼̫ն˺εģҲ
ԺԷңٰת棡
治֪̫ն˺ţǱϸֵĺ룬ֻ˼¼Ժܻز߷Ϣȥȴ޷֪ˡ
̫()ݲһ㣬֪Ҳ֪̫ͬ⡣
Цŵͷã
Ǿȥİɣ
ãҪ鷳Сˣ
λ룡
Ϊ˹꣬ͳũ
Էȵ磬һũȿȰɡ
Ȼǵһα룬Ǵˣ²Ӧ¡
ãҽͻؾƵ
()

305.305 

305 
һ˿ų뿪󣬷ʣҶ£
ʵ˵̫(qng)
𣿡
˵ۺͲǼζħóֵģûУŵҲֻܵ
˹ǿ˶ԷϲӣңϲˮҲӣң
ֻǴҲܾȷԷ㣬Ե˽۹̫С
ʼ磬Ҷ̫۹̫ӵ˽⣡
˵˵Ȥʡ
üôͻȻ۹̫ӸȤˣ
ҲǶ̫ӸȤǶ̫Ȥˡ
ܸɶԷԼĽ㣬ǺƵҸоܳΪǱڵĴͻʱթ
ûлɣʧЦǹˣ
۹̫˫s츳Ϊ۹սĻһֻһ޶ľ˵Щǹŵʱڴ˵е
ʣޣ
Ǿ۳һޣܹ˵սԽǿҲԽǿ
˶˵۹ǾĻޣٵ۹ǾĻֲǼӳֱ()ʵģҲʵȼǵܶԵȡ
ǵҪǿͬ()ӳ֣ǿռߣܶһֻܶԼʹõĿռ䣬Ǿû
ͷԭˣ˵
һһ˵һǰˣսʱ͸֧»ޱ𡣡
۹ĻʺǼ̺绹ͬĸĵܵܣҲ˳̫֮֮λʼ̫ȡ
ҪĸȽǿʢѾˡ
Ǳ߾𣬳Ҫûҩ⣬Ҫӵа޵赼С
˶˵̫Ļ޺ǰ͵ģȢ󣬾ͻ޶ȶ࣬˵Ѿܹսˣ
ţǵĻ޺ǵľʵֻ࣬Ҫչ۳Ļޡ۹ʽ
ͷɣսʱõĶǻףޡֲҲռ˺ܴıء
˻˱ĥ˿ȶ󿧷ȡ
ãȾˡ
÷彫ȶ˳ȥԼ򽫿õװ̡
űɵζЦ˵ҲǾˣ
ʳȽϲɸҲϲ췵Ƕˡ
()

306.306 

306 (qng)
ӷŵϡ
˵ϲԸ㣬ԾͿ˵ǿϲϲ
ֵϴϴ֣һ鳢
óԣϲ۾
ƽôʳ㣬ֻҪϲģԵ㡣
()͵óԣԺԶ࿾Σ˵ȥһ
УٿȥѧУ(qng)
ҾͺƤ࿾ˣҲȥԣ
ζ̫Ŀζˣ
()Цھȥ
ֻص˿
ֵѾ꣬ǰĿȱȴ˼飬һǷΪġ
ȶ𿧷ȺһڣЦʣһֻҳɣ
ҲȦӣ۹̫(qng)
Щ⣬֮ǰ˹Ҫն˺ŵ(qng)
۹ҵ(qng)ȷʵ֪һЩͰ֪ĸɡ
۹̫诣ǰ޸̫磬ŻǼ̺綨ģʱӦҲΪӦ
̫诣ֽ˽Ҳ诡
ΪʲôӦ̫𣿡ʡ
Ȼص̫۹һңĸȴţܿȢ˺裬Ȼ費(i)
츳˫bȽһ㣬һֱ޷ѻޣԺܲӣȫС͸֣
΢΢üĻʵۻͬ⣿
ʵһʼͬ⣬ɼ̺˵ľȥƥ䣬ƥֵȻﵽ˰ٷ֮ʮš
޷ѻޣֻҪǳΪޣþҲΪ绺ⷴɵʹ(qng)
۹ǱҽҩʦϽ̫ã˵ǻָĿ()ǳСֻܿ¼ʹࡣ
ȶ˶˵ȻȽϲӣȴȽΪ۹һŮ
۹Ļʵ۴濼ǣҲͬ
²ģľأܼ̳ܲлλ˵ʵۿܶҲ˷Ĵ㣬ôҲӦȢһӵи߼޵̫ܳŮӣż̺ˡ
漴ȴ߹һԴĻȣ˭֪诼޸ûãȴͻȻ;˻ޣͬһ޶ķˣҲһֻ͵Ļޡ
յϢĻѾ˺ܶ࣬Ҳлָ̫ĹͲС
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~ʱе㲻ȶæ⼸Ҿ;ĵʱ~~ôô
()

307.307 ּ

307 (())
˵̫ĻǷˣȷˣǾ㡣
˵ְͬ͵Ҳһ
ħӣľһ˵ռδֻ֪Եܷ
ѵˣþһֻˣʱ趼𾪲ѣϾǰֻڴ˵С
ȷ۹̫Լҽ㣬ͱȽϹˡ
ŷʣǸ̫۹Ĵأ
Ȼص֮ǰվҺ˶诣һòĻƿûκۣ̫Ȣ
ȴϨ˼Ͳ̫ã̫Ҳܸã
Ǹ̺Ҳ׵͵ʴףѾɶӣʱӦò̫֡
֪Լҽģһ㣬̫̫ӵĸ(qng)ôأ
˵ϵŻ(ͦͦ)гģڹϵΣû֪ˣ
漴һתҹǰδƬŵϣģ̫ĹϵӦþάű档
ɫ˲䣬̫ӻδޣ
ȻصиС÷δޣºǸŮ˼˻ˣͶǱߺ񻹴ߡ
λ绹ûǰǻλߣ֮ͳ(r)ѡ֮ܶǰվһŶͶ˶Է
˻ˣ廹Ͷ֣ȻҪǸŮҹ᣿Ҳ̫(())ˡ
˵Ĳһ䣬
ȻǵһμŲ˵ķ߷߲ƽ˵£뵽ҲŮվ̫һߺ
СŮ˳Ź￴
ô£ʵҲ˵Ͼս˲˵棬ҪҲпܵġ
ʣ˼ƬпǼٵģ
һ̫ӣƬǼٵģ׺ǸŮ֮仹ʲôϵͲˡ
Ȳһ䣬ȻҲп˵ģ(())ϾԴ诽֮󣬶ڴǰδİ¹ɰء
ֻ()С()еģڻһǾУǱȽǿƵģŮ(qng)(())ܾòܸɵóġ
۹ǲǻ츳սõĶ硣
()

308.308 ڲԺ

308 ڲԺ
ȵķǲˬ
Ȼ˻飬ﻹҪȥҹʲôǰδޣձ˳ѿ
Ҫû(qng)ҲνˣҪе(qng)Ҳ̫ˡ
()Ҫ磬ӦòܺͶԷ顣
ҪǴԽʱѾˣҲ¶ѷ˵(qng)ΪԷ滺ǵ͵취顣
ӡܲԼҽ㣬ھͳȥ۹ҽ㣬Ȼʵس顣
۹ţܿ𣿡ʡ
ȻصҪй֤ͨ˺ŲſԿ
оܹ۹̫(qng)Ǿ˾֣ҵ˺ſͨ˹˺֤ͨ뿴Ļҵնˣ
ͷã
ȽӴŮ˱Ƚ϶࣬Ů˼Ϊ̫򱧲ƽأſ뿴Ľչ
ûж룬һ꿧ȣõ뿪ũ
ߣصͶԷնˣȥ
Ǹ̫İ彫ն˴ȡµݸ
ӹն˵ҲģܾúУ˻黹մǲݵˣҾǸ̫޹
һֱֻ֤ҾͲԺֻźãԲŮˡ
ԭƵ(qng)⻰Ժ˼֡
ЦŻ֪ʲôطأһ()ûʸԣ
һҭ(ͦͦ)(ͦͦ)()()ôˣѵѵ
ҾǸԸ(qng)רһĺˣ˵
ʧЦ˵ûãЩл˵ԼǸ(qng)רһĺˣأ
͵ſˣԼǺŵġ
һĿҪҲδſ˵ôûã
һ¼ˣôûˣ㻹Ůˣ
Ůˣֲţ
һۣŪն˵Ҫôӹ
ֹһ䣬ڲԺˡ
ֱӴֵ˵´ƺ֮ڵãҲϾ֪뷨
նϵ˵㣬ܿһҳͶӰǰֱ֣ͶӰϻۿ
㿪վǰͷ۹̫ҹǰδ޵Ϣ
15~~
()

309.309 ˹

309 ˹
ϵƬţǴĳ͵ĵġ
صѾעһҾƵ꣬һƬһŮ˵Ĳ()̧š
ڶƬһӢ(ͦͦ)ӴţŮ˵ʲô
ƬŮӲϵ˵ڿޣӱ(qng)ܵĿ
һƬóһռ䣬Ůӽ˷䡣
ĵıǡ̫ҹδޣҪϵǰࣿҲֻдĳгȻҹǰδޡ
˴˶೤ʱ䣬ǰδû뿪Ƶ꣬ȫûἰԺܴռ䡣
ۻǷֳɡ
һʵ˿һǰδ޲Ҫ˻Ȼȥǵսƣ֮Բͷݡ
һվ˾ٵۣҲķ˿ǰδ޲һķС
ڶɵǾӦúǰδ޸ϣϾŮ˵ļͣڼ֮ҲȽܳ裬Ҫӵ۹һĻȸ
֮˱÷ҲŮ˻飬ǰδȴһֱûб̬˵(i)̫ӵģһжǼ((Ʊ))ȵģϣ˸ϡ
У̫Ӻ̫ضġ
Щ˿ƺҲķ˿վ()Ͽ⣬ܾñоġ
һ˲ҷȥ
ֻмٲֵ̫ȻѾȢ̫ôǰδҹ᣿
Ȼ̫ڼҲܳ裬ǰҲǸѲ˻޵ķϲģ˼Ҳ˻ޣΪ̫Ӱ˱Ļޣǵ۶һˣҲͶ
ţüͷ塣
ͷԷʣô
Щ˲㣬ԺеǺڵģķ޿ɲʲôȸܱȵġ
£ʵ˵Ҿ˹£
ǼƬУı(qng)Ƚ䵭Ǽ(i)֮˵(qng)
ƬǸŮ˿˵ʲôǰȥ˵֮ǰͲ֪Ů˻϶ֱӿ˽ȥˡ
ʱҲȽ侲ţ˵ĺеô˻ǰδ޽뷿䣬ܳʲôԭ
˳ǣֱӱһӴˡ
Բʲôǰδ޽ģҪô죿
ޣûʲôǰδޣҲûǰŮѣɺöˡ
ддŽӵ绰Ͷĵˣҳȥһ˻д˷Ԥ1930ɣæ⼸ʱӦþȶˣ~~
()

310.310 ϶

310 ϶
²ǺܹģȴӭϵǣУǸ̫ҲǹùģȻ޸
ͻȻ뵽һ⣬۹̫Ӻ̫İɣ
巢Ի·תе졣
ҲоˣȻǿģ۹ȻȡǵƣҲɵģ𲻴󡣡
ȻȻ˵ӿ飬Ͼ()ݰ̫Ҫеѡ
˼תתţӦòף
תͷʣ֮ǰҩ嵥ҵˣ
ص󲿷ֶѾҵˣʮֺѰУ
嵥ó׽ⶾҩʮӣֻѰңȥ۹Ѱҡ
֣ʡ
úҶ
ţҲһ£Ժûл
ãҼҲڼѰҡ
ˣȥϢ

صϴͿʼ
Ҫ㣬ʵ̫ҪˣǵøϿΪС
ѰҲҩģһΪԼⶾģһҲǶԷҩҪҩþѰҲǡ
ͻȻ˵һ¥Ǳߴ̽Ϣ֪ҶΡ
ô˵ҲҪԣֱȥ˵һ¥λӡ
Ҫҵݺͼ˹ȥӽӣֻṩ(qng)ȴҲˡ
ȥԼĳп˿ʱûа˵㣬˳ûпš
ȴ˳Ķӣﶼ˵ųе(qng)
ҳеʳƷָߣԴһ֮ҲӪˣ
ǰϼܵļѼ()ζҲܺã()оóԶˣҼ˶رϲŶˣ
粻а˶ˣ
öÿ˶޹ˣǰ˾ȫ⣡
ҳеϰˣһ廹ֱŵʱڵĲףȥζ˵óԣȥЩԭˣ
ǰڶ(i)ȥԭԣоŶԼȥʵݣҪǺóԣ
ֱ()˿
Щǰ߹ǿĻԼԳʳĺͲ׵Ŀ϶һõĻȡ
ò˶ãǰʱлʳʳ׾ܾϯˡ
()

311.311 

311 
ڶϣͷ;ȥѧУ
ɽ͵ϵĽѧ¥뿪ҲӾȵϰߡ
ÿ翪ʼѡ޿ΣҲһȥġ
һԭֲоΣʦϵıȽȤĺֲܶͲϽܸңñȽϸ˵(ͦͦ)õġ
˯׼ſһʹһʹͷͼŤԼ
һץססҲ˯ˣ
С˵˽ЩԺսҲõģĵԺϿεʦ˵ݣҿɲ㸴ϰ
һϿβúֽһ飬˷ʱ䡣
֣һֱ()ӣ֪ˣ
Žעַŵ˿ϣҲ˳ƽִӷ˳
ЩźҰ죬Ǵˡ
ϯȴֻ˼Ӿſ˯Ρ
ģҲҿƣϯ岻һϾͶԲ˯ˡ
Ҳũȥռ˺üƿ轻ƿֶħٵһӣ
ܿԭֻǿӣһĿʼ
ϲӣңȻҪˡ
ûи߷壬ڶһʹŻѧУ
߻ſڣͼѾվſڵˡ
ôô磿˹ȥ
ˣ循£ô
ȥˣ漴Ӧ
ͷǰһȥռۣ˹֮ȥ
ŴӿռóһеݸҰҲһͣ
򿪼ͬζץŵ()߲˶ϲԵġ
һһɫЦ⣬ܺã
˲翿ץӣԶԶĿȥпŮһ˵գһֺܰ۵ĸо
·˶̲ס͵鼸ۡ
Դչ¶˷Ƿս֮˵䲻Ϸ˺ܶࡣ
ǹŵѡ޿ΣʦӼղһѹϿΡ
λʦҲһλȽϳĹŵңֵľǹ١
ŴҶİǹŵʱڵĹ١
ʦȽһȻ˵Һס
ڿκȵһӸȻ˵˵Լĸܣ
ã
()

312.312 Ҿ׳

312 Ҿ׳
ϹŵֿεпĿٵģҹļϾŵĳɱһĴŮռ˴
Ȼһǳŷġ
ʦңһ׹ŵʱӣŶоζû¶ʲô(qng)ƽ
͸˵ˣϣûôȥ
ʦɨɨˡ
˳˷⣬˶¶͵ɫ
ȵ˼˵ܣ˵Ļͬúйζܺ
漴ʦʲô𣿡
Ȼ忴Ҳûȴҵλ˵ʮ**ƻա
վ뻹ʵίĵʦζûϣнĿռ䣡
óĹҲǹ٣ҲȽϸߣ˺ҵԷ̸ı׶ȱ㡣
ǵʱڹʮ֮һĸɽˮɵʦȴûеζмǴġ
ڻĵĹŵ֣ʵ˵ΥĿ޵Ļ
˭û뵽ô۵ʦ⵨Ӻܴ󰡣
ʦҲ㶣Ȼû뵽̸
ʧЦʣͬѧ⻰ԹӦúˣ
ͷ(ͦͦ)ģ
ͬѧΪǵһΣʦΪԼĺܺãȻòãǾ֤
ҲҪʶ£ĵĹŵӵȷ򿪷ʽ
ãҾ׳ˣ
󷽵£ȻԼ
Ҳң˶뷢ЦɼڷĴڣֻܱš
ǾҲ̫װ˰ɣ˭ᰡ
һҪ̸ǾǶˣ˵ᱻʦС
ѵҪٵע⣿ҪǵǷͺøж
òЩ̫ļˡ
һЩ˺棬ٲѾſˡ
ֵ˵ңٵɫһ㣬⣬Ҳֻܽˡ
ʦվ·ҵüͷ΢΢塣
һ֮ǰ޾ɣĿƵĿ
Ӻʹûء
޳˫ٴڹϣڴΪҪⲦʱԾ
ܿ죬ڽ(())ƣһʼʱʱ֣̼ɽۣ֮ƣƮ޶
ļ֮䣬ɸ֮ϸ
Ƽڷۣ֮ŭ֮ϢľȻΣ۹ϿĿѣƣĶǣɴ()Ⱥɽ֮ʡ
ڳǵʦѧȫУ·()һɽˮĻС
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

313.313 

313 
ӽڳ˶þòܻ
ʦҵˣ
峺һ̵İʦŻ
ָӵĿǸţɽˮľ磬ϣ˷·()һ㣡
΢΢һЦǰӴŵʱڵʮʦĸɽˮײǺȫ
ֻҪˣһ㶼ء
ʦ϶һЦݣ̫ǫˣ
漴ζʣŴ㶼ᵯ
ŵʱڵʮڽܹӵĹżϿ񱣴ġɽˮɢƽɳ㡷ⶼǹ
ԭΪӦñĻȽ֮Լõ治ȫ
ͷҶᣬֻмҪõЧźã
ãʦЩź˵ϹŲݵǷһѣϧʱ̫Ѿܵˣֻչ
Ҳȥƹɵɫǿ⣡̾һ
û뵽Ҳ˾Ц˵ҼһãϿҴʦԣ
ǹŻĵôϾ̫ϧԻȥһѣ
ʦ۾һޱȣʲôǼһã
̫ˣܾ鷳ͬѧǼʶʶɣһֱڹЭоȻǷǳȤġ
ûлĻϾĸǹż壬ЩﱣŹŵʱڵĶ
ͷã
ҪٵһӰɣ͵һʮʦżּ˵
Ĵѧ¶ڴ֮ɫϲŵֲűģĸɽˮǾŸǹеζ
ҲɨˣУٵһס()ҹɡ
ҲȽϲģڼһᵯ
ңԼƳкһֳγȻøо
һ꣬Ҷڻζ
ããʦ̲סơ
ѧǻζҲ׷̲סŹƣڹϵ̫ˣ֮ǰĹŵִʦӸζͶǡ
Ц()ҵˣ
ʦﻹڻζԼöˣҹ()˾ɫȫչ¶
ͬѧӵܲҿ
ʦһ䣬Ҫǲ㣬Եû˵
Ĺӵеһ㲻ôҲ̫ϲ˲ðʧ˵뿴
()

314.314 

314 (r)
ȴҪ»ĵЩĻ
Ҽǵãھȥʦɡ߻صλ¡
ʦϵļ֮ɫлͬѧˣ
ʱ䣬ʦѧղŵ׹
óһŰֽʼӡ
ƽҲż֣ȻУҲóˮƽһĸߣдֽԼȥ֡
ղȥ٣¼ˣ˵
һʣЦ˵ն˰ɣ
ãԼ꣬һݸ
¿κ׸˵ʦ
ʦӹ׼ѣлͱŹٿ첽뿪ȻҪԼȥԡ
뿪ʱɹջ˲˵ĳݻĿ⡣
(i)ĽЩŮҲȽϸӣ˸ŵ⣬Ķº˺ܶࡣ
Ͼʲôطֻʵܷˣ
ͷûлᣬųũ
˹һģǾҪع
·ϵʱѧУ̳ϳӡ
ٵֻ
ѡ޿Ҳ֪ŵõһҰѵʦٳˣ
ӶƵֱࡶɽˮ͡()ҹƵȻʱֻǷ¼ˣҲһʼ¼Ƶ
һֱѧԺ(r)Ż⣬һгֵӵʶһĸߡ
ܿ죬ѧԺĴѧǶƵ
ȻҲ֣ãˣ
ջǰ˵ŵҪ˲Ļ㣡
̫ˣҵһôζĹ֣
˵ʵҾıȹŵЭĴʦã
㲻һˣ
㲻һˣ
ޣ֮ǰעһѡ޿ζͨˣڿʵսѵ͹ŵ֣ʮ**ǲҿˣ
ҲޣҲġ
ҾеСңΪƣ
¥Ϲ֣

̳Ըֻ𱬲ѣֳ(r)Ż⡣
ѧ׷Ƶֱӷ˹ЭĹ̳
ǹٵࡷ־ͽȻƵ
Э˿󣬺ܶ඼ǺܸˣһҲҳӵġ
Ц̬˵㿪Ƶ֮ȫˣȻ׷׸תƵͬ»ͬϲŵֵѡ
ƵΪתغܸߣֱӱ(r)ѣ
1330~~
()

315.315 

315 
֪ڿϵ׹һºˣ
ʱũ֮ѾӣҴʹ֮ζ
ͬһʱ䣬۹ʵۡ
Ҿٰһᣬ()ݵλ˶ϯ˻
̫̫Ҳһϯ
()һϮϵغȹĵ޾˫()欣ױݾģִŮ
һţ˵Ŀⶼ()ϡ
紩һ()̻ɫװ()(ͦͦ)òһλߵĸ߹ȫ()ɢһ
ȥĪһʣһˣ
ɿ֣ĵϴЦȴ䵭ģһߵʱң
˵겻翪ڣת()žȥһƣߵһɳƷ
ȾϼΣŮ˺ʱ̫ƢһĴ󣬶˵˦Ӿ˦ӣвŽʱΨΨŵŵСûڸӣ
Ҳ֪ǰص̫ãǾЩ(qng)߾ѻ֮()䡣
Ǻò׹ϵã˭֪һžʹԭΣУ
ʱһòʵ˹Цŵʲô񣿡
񣬿źѵ(qng)
ȥǺþûۻˣһ
У
ߵһ£ɳϻкüˡ
Ǻ綼Ǻѣϵǳ޷սҲվһ
˺ܿ
һӣЦʣ̫(din)£㻹ǺİȻǵ̫һǱߺȾƣҪйһ
ǰǶ̫ǷǳõģرǼһʱǸòĵĴˣȴųųǸС׻ʱǶΪϧ
û뵽ѻ֮课ͱˣȫǰرԴŮǺ޹µòƥ䡣
Щε˵أġ
⼸˲ֻ֧ߣǴС浽һϹսֵܣҲû
ҹŵ(qng)
ţų֮Ͳˣ
Ҳ㣬ҹģȻǸŮ˿š
㲻ǻŲɣ
ļ˶ǰδ޶ûкøС
üģˣֻһɡ
()

316.316 и

316 и()
˵Ҫǰʱﻹңú˵վſҲ㣬ſš
Ҫ֪ᱻ͵ģŪô(qng)Բ˽ȥġ
һʣ˵𣿡
ͷ˵ˣ
ҿðɣ
ӣĿ⳯뿴ȥ΢΢Ĺ˹żַɫҪأ
ļ뿴˹ȥͼδ޹ʫ俣Լڷŵĸǰڵһӡ
ӱȽϳСֺˡ¾ǻ(i)һĿֿ֣֮˻(i)˼
ʫ俳ңֻѵĻ츳ܺãһǳǼʸٴʦСýõ
۹Ƚٵ۹
Ȼļ˲ϲɷĺã
вû֮ɫüͷ΢΢
һ꣬(r)ҵ
ʱһŮӿ诿ڵ֮ǰ̫裬֪ܸܲҲһ
Ҷ֪ǹƣ׷׿诣һϷģ
诶žƱ˻Σϴżұ֮еֲյģ˵ҵҾ͵
⻰һʫԭЦŵ˽Żûţǰգ
Ҷû뵽λ̫Ƣ˵Ļ𱬣Ȼڷ̣и()
Ů˺ڣǹ߼ᣬչ²հˣ̫α˵ô
ѵ㲻ᵯ٣żʫ俣ڳģ⻰Ǳ诲оͼʳԲѷ**ݡ
˶׷¶˲õɫ̫ЩСˣԼܾͺãαسԷ̣³ˡ
üͷĸŮӵоǺ⡣
ɴû˵ó֣׼վ()ȥΧȴһվߵ˴롣
ɨɨʫ俺ͿڵŮӣʲôϷһˡ
ԭЩС󣬿ɸƵ()ֻвˡ
ôõӣбҪɴһŮ
ڳһˣǲǷˣȻ˵ʫ俵ã˼ҿǹϵĸС㣬ҲǼټ˹ϯӡ
Ƕ̲סɣǲǱ֮ǰ̫ҹ(qng)̼Ӳˡ
15~~
()

317.317 

317 
Ҳ㶣Ȼ̫Բѷ
ȻǺܲϲʫ俣ڸⷽ츳裬治ķ񶨡
Է̣һҪղ˳Ƕֻ硣
һɫ΢̫̫()ˣ
ǻʼҹ磬ǰĶϲʿ(qng)ȥܶӰ쵽еӡ
Ͼ̫̫ӵӣһһжҪ
ļҵĸ߲һɫѿڶļҵ
⣬Ҳ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣ̾˿诺ʧ
֮ǰ̫úֻܲѻΪ̫ӰҲȫסӡ
˭֪ôһ
վ̫ⷽˣȻ诸ղŵǳĲͬͷУûǽ꣬ͱǴ˺
һһ¶ϲɫ̫̼ãǿɵúúõơ
Ǿ课̫ӵѣ̫ӭ˵ԵĻˡ
ʫ⻰ԭĲþʧ
òʱȽ񣬺ȫ˵͡
Ц˵û뵽̫Ȼ˵Ʋҵĸˮƽ
ô֪ܲ㵯һͽأҪҲ̨£콫⡣
ʵȵľ⻰ĹûȤͽ̵Ϊѿԣ
ʫﲻмߣȴһƣ̫ɣ
Ҳ˵˸ǰ档
òٵ̧ͷŹʫ˵ղ̸Ҳϲһаɣ
ʫмװܴȰݣȻԣ̫͵һԼϲľͺã
漴ζĲ䣬ٵˮƽΣʲôӣһ֪
ҲǰôҲǰ״
ֵز˭ûֹ(qng)̫һ˷ǳƣɫࡣ
һһüЦ
̫б£˶̫ӵ˳
ߣ̫ӵġ
ͣסҪվĶĿ诡
˲ͬǣΪ读ȶⶪ˵(qng)˽⣬ͷԡ
Щ˶۾ǹŵĻҰ˰ټ
һµڳ˶ûоȣǶԵġ
ӵ̲סЦ
ŮЦǺǣ̫Ϊ߳١
Ǹաֻû³ڣɫͱ˱䣬ǿһ
()

318.318 ǿת

318 ǿת
ҰҲȻ˫ַŵټϣ(())ڴ(din)ڡ
ǰ濪ʻųӶɶׯţ(qng)⾳н
ǵִΪ(i)˿
ִϲ֣ͬϲǹŵó١õȣȽóִ١С١ӹĵȶú
һ£һƬڳ˶ˣ
ãͻȻһ˾Ȼ˴˿̵ƽ
ڳ˲ŴӸղŵлع诵Ŀһֲš
Ǻܶ˶٣ȴٸûóġ
诵ûİȴ쳣ĺζˮƽҲߡ
ҴٵַƿĸˮƽԲ͡
ǲҲóϣıȹʫ俺ã
Ůɫ࣬û뵽课Ȼᵯ٣ôá
ӲĿڣһӣҲʾˮƽͱʫ俸߰ɣ˵ֻһأ
ԣһġ
诵Ƴһۣһǰ׳յȫ
ʱӲԶ߹һˣһŵߡ
ȴһ۾ϳǼִʦҲǼʵּҡ
ǿ˿Ůĳ˵С־벻Ҫ˵̫ղŸٵַɷǳ죬ڸϵܸߣǸţʲôܼԦģ
һλǼȨִʦĻû˭ỳɡ
ҲʹŮɫһ׽ű죬ǲ˼߳ܵġ
˵ŵϴżеļ̫ղһ׸𣿡
Ů˼֣صЦŻصһģŵʱڵһ׸֪Һϲղž͵˳
ȻûС(i)˿˵ԼҲ֪ȴм(qng)
£ԭŵʱڵĸ֮ǰҲ˵ǹŵʱڵֺܷ٣кֻܶǴû̫Ҵ۽磡
˸֪߳ûȤǼֹأ̲ס롣
ڳĲ˵˿ǼֹǼȨֻĳԱȫǸִʦ
ˣһϵź͹ţʫ俵ʦһԱȴûǸʸ롣
请룬Թʫ˵Ǿкݺһ⣡
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

319.319 Ȼܾ

319 Ȼܾ
Ҷû뵽̫룬˵ĸ츳һĺá
Żζ֮ǰĻԭôţ棬ѹֻ˵ʫ俵ãˮƽʸ˵Ļ
ҶΪ读ϲĴӦȴǸЦЦ˼л룬ҲǺܸȤ
⻰һڳ˶ɴ۾
ûɣ课Ȼܾ룿òʵ
ʫͬȲѣžһַļʺܡ
Ǽֹύ飬Ƕ˻ĸˮƽкܴռ䣬ʵҲת˵
ƾʲô诲ŵһӣܽӵ롣
ҪŮ˻ܾˣȻû⣬ϻۡ
Ҳ⣬ȴǿЩź˵Ǻðɣһϣٿ£
ҽϵģ벹䡣
Ҳӣ֮ῼµģ
Ҳһ(i)ðˣû䷢չΪһҵ
课ܾʫɫЩף˫ָǶģû뵽ԭҪ诳Ȼ˵ת
诲ֻʤЩĻһǩ()ϣڸٴʦ·Ҳһ۵㣬úް
˵ǹʫû뵽ڳ˶ûԤϵ̫硣
ֻ诵˽⣬Ů˲ûаյ(qng)û뵽Լôһϲ
ԭѾҪλ诣ȴòˡ
ڿº˼֣ʲô붼룡
诵ӣ֮ǰڸϵľƱת()ص֮ǰλ£ֻǰĺȾƣҲǿ˺Բˡ
ҲûжϤкһ뿪˹(din)
ºܿĻ̫ӵһ֮ǰƣһ緢ЦҲڲϵĳ̫
ӵһԱһǸû뵽̫ȱ£ȫ벻Ľַչ
ĿɳϣƱһڣƯķ۽ڳ֮˵ɫ۵ס
ղŮΪθΪļҲܳ裬ܶ˶̫Իֻʵſס
ĿкͲԶӣɫĮܿƿ֪ΪΣﻹеƵġ
ϵı֣ܿ촫˳ȥٵƵ˷ŵϣܿͬı(r)ѣ
()

320.320 ϶ס

320 ϶ס
۶ũ
ִֺӣңŵרŵıպ
ڿƼרŶԭʳıյĺӣЧǳãܹʳĵʺӪɷֲʧһ¡
ժУ÷屧ȥ˰칫ҡ
ӣҵ׼ãҲ˹һũ
ɿʱ䷹ΪһιʳǱ׼ĲƷȽϷḻ֮Ϊġ
˹εƣԵܸо()ı仯Щͷͷʧߵ(qng)õ˼ĸƣ˶ԼĲ(qng)ܹȬҲ˸ġ
С㣬ҪعˣҪϵ
˹Цż˵֮ĺһר˸ϣũʳÿܶ͵۹
ЦЦû⣬ֻҪ㰲ź÷۹ķͧ߻˶ʱʳĹȥġ
̫ˣҾϲС䣡˹Դӳũʳĺ󣬶ԭʳ᲻ʲôȤ
ûжԱȾû˺
׼õĶѾˣ˹֮ǰ˵̫ϲӣңҾԴʯһ֣Դȥ̫Ʒһ
зۺ̲衢裬Ҳ׼ˣ
ﻹм޿ȣҲæ͸̫
Ҳ֪Լҽʵ(qng)ˣ˲ܳĴ屻ͳȥŮ̯˲ɷ̫ӵ磬ҹ¼̲סĺۡ
ܼҪΪ׼Եĺȵġ
˹û뵽׼ôණ̫漴ΪҪ̫չ⡣
Ҫʧˣ̫ʵҲϵ()ݱȽϸ߹󣬵û̫ʵȨ֮ǰҲ̫ӡ
˵ĹϵòݿŲˣ˭֪ðǰδޡ
ҹų̲ס̫λõ׻á
(qng)ȻЦ˵СˣһὫЩת̫ģ
Ȼüıڽϣ׼̫Ķ⣬ҲΪ˹׼һݡ
ϾԺܲܺͽϵϣ˹һؼҪ
Ǿ鷳˹ˣʱϵ΢Ц
˹Ц˵ǵȻԺ˵ҪͷСȥ۹أ
Ҫƽȥ۹ô(r)ԣȴϣܿȥ
û⣬ʱȥ۹ͣ
˹еЦλСǸˬˣֻҪĲܹ׸Σеϼһǿ϶ס
Ŵ̸˹ͳũ
()

321.321 ɲ

321 ɲ()
صƵ꣬˹óԼһӣңȲشƷ
֭ӣңԵ̲סܵ۾ǵһγԵôóԵˮ
ûһӣҾͳԵˣδ˲Զһ䡣
̻ûȥô˵ֻҪһ컹̫Ƕᾴš
˳׼ӽͰпһǩ
ϸ˿ǩǷţն˲˲飬ûв鵽κιֻ߷Ϣ
()˿еĺӣۡҶͿװ϶ַͬ
˽ģũֻ̱꣬Ūûֽ֣պӵ¨
ũص󣬱ʷ壺Ҫȥϴ裿
ͷǰôˣ
漴ЦŴչƦЦ㲻һϴɣ
һѣ
Ҫնˣ
ԹԵĽնµݸǸ̫עǲ̫ˣ
ͶǶ۹Ųţɲ()ӡ
һۣңϴȥ
ҲͲ壬Ѳɻ˵ǿҽ㣿
Ҳ̽Ȼϲȴ**У¥ϴ裡
۹˽ȥžͿµŸ¡
̫ܾ룬ŸٴʦỨ˭ң
ǰκεĶԾε߸Ϯ
ֻǰδޣ۲ۣ
ȥŵݣ̫̫ǰδ޵ϵ(qng)Ҳд˳
˹׵ľ磬Ҫҹ
㿪ƵһòұŮӣרעĵŸ٣öӻ(())
еϲɫҲڲסζȥȷʲôܿ϶Ƶϵ˾㣬Ƶòһģһ͸ٵַ
ϴ¥ڳŻСó(qng)ǳá
߽ȥŵһζʲô
ӣҺӣ֣(qng)ú(qng)ʱϲʳ
嶯˶ӣǽпڸˣ
(qng)ܺãʡ
֪ܴҲû԰Ҹղſ۹ţ̫ڴ̫ǰΣҾôģ
üô֪㻹˰Եʱ򣿡
㲻֪Ķȥˣʵ˵
߹ȥ˵ԺҪ˽У
㣡
15~~
()

322.322 һΪʲô

322 һΪʲô
Ϸ峢ζӣֺӣҡ
˹ǷȽܵģҲҵ˽䣬÷һݣȥ
ΣֻܸԼҶһƵ绰
뿪ũͱүӽлլ¾ͼշֿõĵܴܵ绰¡
ôˣ绰ȳͶӰ
忴õطլ
ǰôˣĪʡ
ڰ֣û£Ҹ͵㶫һ͵ȹˣ
үүҲȽϲԸ㣬ûȥͷ͹ȥһ԰ɡ
Ҫլֵܴ绰ˡ
ͷǰͷҪֻ֪͸㣬ͣǵóҲɣ
ڱʹӣóУҲȥǳɣ
ЦŽӣ𣬡ܵ
ˣ̧һ¡
Ľһ£ȥɣ
嵽լͼֻүӺڣмλүźȲ衣
үһӵ۵Ŀŷ˵̣ʱ˵ĳ嶯
үүҶôˣŶȥ
ܼӰҵղصһ(to)໨˳ȥˣˣ
ү˵£ŷ壬ôˣ
ʱӦѧУ
ũпӣˣժ˲ٹӣӣֺӣң͵Ͷ糢˵
ү⻰ŵ˲٣СãЩĵĳСӣ
ùҳŶԷ֡
彫װӣҺ͸ĺ˳򿪣ץӣ֣ܺóԣ
ֵһԼڰѵĶ硣
ԼСʱʱ뵽Լůůġ
ֹȥӣȴүӿһӣˣܼûʸԶߣ
ǿǳϲһ(to)໨(to)װҲǻԵɺ֮²ղصģڱܼ˳ˣ˳ȥ
ڨڨЦЦҲֻΪԼ˾⣬ʱֻҪɭݵĴͷȨ£Ҳֵõġ
ǱҲ໨ɣȴÿںҪѾ١
ͽԼү˳һ(to)໨ɳȥ
үӵһۣҪǹϵ۹δ԰ѳСӴһ١
һӣ֣ζϲү˵һΪʲôأ໨ɣҰŪһ(to)ˣܱҶ˵ĻҪã
()

323.323 ǲ

323 ǲ
ү⻰˲˾
Ū
صЦЦͱˣֻҪôλҾ԰ŪõĻ
үȸһ£Сӣүү(qng)ҪôТ
巭˸ֲۣ̰ĺôȥŪ໨ɣȻҪ˺ôˣ
ΪòһֱڿԼүү
үӰŰɣŪõ໨ɣ
ͷȻܣ
ź໨ɵˮƽǿǸܸܵġ
УȥŪһ(to)ôҪүӺƯ˦
ǳԼҶ顣
û˵Уң
һһǲ𡭡
үЦЦȻӣ֣͵ҧһڣʱ۾úóԣ
ȥãȴһ룬עԱȵļϼһȻ˵Ҫ˲ٳԵ
ʳıӣĿżλѣǲӦûؼˣ
ϷⰡҲ̫ˣôܳԶʳأ
ǰöӦóһ£ǿôˣ
壬һӣҸɵζ̫ʺЩͷˡ
˺ܿ壬ȥ
үӰѺýģУТģбǻȥԼТ
Щ˵ԽԽûûƤˡ
˲ˣｫԼûõ
ЩТӣ۶С֪ТүүЩҲ֪Т˳ǣߺߣ
ڹڣȴͣ
ͷ̫һλүӱûпԵһӣҾܡ
ߣһ߻ؼһ߳Եˮӣĸ㶼ôóԣӣҿ϶Ҳܺóԡ
үӼ״Ҳ׷׸ˣñŸķүֱɵۡ
Щ˵ȻТӣҡűֻʣһӣңү̲ס
忴Լүүʮ֣ǼүӸᣬӣҾˣҪЩͷܱܲôɣ
ˣ˶ˣҲûãڵ
үӱŸӵ˷һۣСӣôٴ򿪣
죬ǲҿ𣿡
үӲɿһȥллС
漴ӹһӵݸ壬ȥ͸Сġ
()

324.324 ﶼ

324 ﶼ
徭Ͷۡ衢߲ˮⶼ⣬үﶼء
̫̫ҲϲҲȽġ
ӹӣʣʲô
ָ()ʵĶǹҽӦ֪ôã
ⶫˣɱŪˣȥ͸СӴȣ
˳ǣԼǲġ
ֲ꣬ôŪҲû򿪿
ȸղžŵ˸ζүү໨ɵĺôҰˣͷҲˣǷݸǲӦó
үȴѺӱøһȥǷݱͷˣ
()()λһҪأ
˳ֽϵӣҺҲȻطȥϢˣϿġ
˵걧ŶһˣＫ˵ӡ
ȿЦãͷԽԽСƢˣ
Ȥˣ
ҵǷأ϶ҴˣȲͷֻܶԼҵܵˡ
ʼ磬ͷˣʣµıүүˣҲû취
ȥũԣȾòԣһֱǡ
Цŵʹﻹмӣҵġ
壬γ֮̽ǾУˡ
ȵͷУũ䷹
үˣֵҲûլ()Իؼҡ
صũڿȥš
ͣ£˺
û˵
óһȥصĺӻ˻Σүү͸ġ
Щ⣬û뵽үӻͶԼɣ
ɳϣӹӣʲô
֪үү˵ָܹ()ʣ֣򿪿֪ˣ
ͷӴ򿪡
ֻһ֧ģ˲ΣȴͨںڷĶ
ȻǺѻΣ嶼Щˡ
ҪƽȻ̲סģǼԭֲ鼮ʱÿ
̲()ǳЧҩģҪںѻ޵زſ֣ܳļʻȽСҪԽ͵Ⱥ庮ѻõѶҲһĴ
û뵽Ȼͷ
Ҳ˾Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ⶫʱԭֲ鼮ʱͺܸȤˣ֪һ(to)ǰҪȿ(Ѩxu);磬ѻξͿԡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

325.325 ⻹Ϊ˭

325 ⻹Ϊ˭
֮ǰҲȥ˽ɷֺѻαȽϺ󣬿ϸûг۵ģѰҶѡ
ȫû뵽үүΪԼһ꣬ﲻɵһ˿ů⡣
岻Ц˵ֻҪþͳɣҪǲ£Һүү˵ġ
ֻҪģ޲öǰ
ĦºĺѻΣȷʵãҪɹ֮ǰ()ʻõ޸ʵҲһء
ðɣҾˣĩҺȥլݷ·үү׼ȥл¡
Ҷʵĺãеǻر
ô˵˿Ҫãĩȥ
ˣҶ˳ͷһ(to)໨ɰڼ͸˹챻ͷѵһϡ
Ҫһ(to)໨ɰڼʱȥ͸үү϶ܺˣ
ͷһˣԺѰĺöһʱ仹뵽
ҶԲ㣡Ц˵ҪʲôܿڣҶеǱң
ʧЦǲǵ͵Ŀүү͸簡
ɫЩȻֹһ⻹Ϊ˭
үүôĶһĩҪʲôȥݷأôһ˵Ҿ໨(to)ˣ
һѣҲſүүͶˣҶԷүү⣡
϶ԴԼˣҲ̫ҹϣζ
⻰úҲ֪()񣬲ᱨʲôܻⲻȥ
ðɣһ(to)໨ȥͷɣ
ţũҾ׼Ҳ׼¹ŴԼȥͣ⡣
¹ŵȥˣܾô˼ƭ()ʡ
طóҩ󣬽ѻƳ˼ƿɫҺ
ȶ()壬ȻͿԿʼЩҺˡ
ڶһ磬˳緹ȥѧУ
ɽ(qng)ȥǵ׼
սϯӭ
е(qng)æϯƤȽϺ񣬴һĿࡣ
ǵһμôˣ
ǲӣ˸㣬ũժӣ͸үүϯգգ۾ʡ
ͷǰҪҰæҪӣҰɣ
ϯ۾һ̫ˣҼͷڷүү˸ӣҺ󣬾ʹ绰һ٣
()

326.326 

326 
ϯӵ绰µģȻͷһͨ
ʲôФҲТ˼ң˼ҵ۶СТ˳
ƽǸŷģôͲѧ˼ҵТģõʲôöͷͣǰơ
һͨϯЩͷʵǼĽүүˣȻ
ҲϴʲôϵкöһʱܵõȻүүˡ
ֻһ٣ͷТ˳㣬ֻܺƤˡ
ҲһΣҲˣЩͷԽԽźˣ
ͷ̫̫ʱҫ󱯴ߵĶЩ󱲡
˵үүȦɺǷ˼ѣöһóͷ۾Ľˡ
Ϊ˲Ҳֻˡ
û뵽ЩүôڣЦŵũھʹһӣңժĲˣûṩӣң
ʵժӣûˣͲֵġ
ӣûг죬Ҳħٱȥ̫棬Եͻᱻˡ
ʧ£Ƕ˽⣬Ϊ˾ܾ˵ѡ
ǲҶͷ𣿡ʡ
ͷֻһǰ߶ˣϲܣҪΪȥͷˮȡ
ЦҶû⣬轻Ҳûˣܿͻаٻ۳ʱǡ
һƬɽͷ˸ʻܿˣܳ۷䶼˽䳲ŵǲɵľǰٻۡ
Ļ̫ѳˣٻ۷ֺۣܳ׼Ūȥŵ
ҪҲԳһЩ
̫ˣϯ嶼һ
вҶҲãȥܽˣ
ȥϿΣ˼ڶѧԺ׵ѧѧ㣬ͬתҪӣҺͲҶȵ˼
ҲֻЩҶǣȦڷүӼ˵Ĵ£ѾʼϰߺũĲˡ
ѡ޿νŷĳũ
ͻȻ(qng)ͣó
ĪĿʲô£
ҶҪ䷹ӣңˡ
Цڱ԰ɣ
һﾡЦ⣬߹ȥ磬ģã
üŷҺð
ûУͷˣﲹһ䣬ԲŻϲϡ
()

327.327 

327 
Ҫʲôˣ÷ȥժ
ֽʹҪ׼໨ģ
󣬸ױһӲ˺()˱
Цʣ£
ȻӦǷͲ˹
ױӷ£ϰ壬ھӪĺܻ𱬣ÿʳһϼܣСʱͻᱻһգ⻹Ϊ޹رǶһϼܾ꣬ͻһֱ˵ܲÿӵ
ĲƷũԼڳеĶɫ治þϡ
ȴǺ⣬ҪܹóǾÿ㣬ܵø˳ϣ
֮ǰֲĻƶܶ࣬´ࡣ
ױЦŵͷã
ˣ˽˹ҪӪҵ𣿡ǵ˵ԺÿܻһʱӪҵ
룬ٸ㣡
һ
¥ôˣ
Ҫ÷үүǣȥ˽˹ݳԷɣͷҲԽѹȥǿͰɡ˽˹ݲˡ
׼ҶȼλߵĶԺֱӷ˽˹ݳۣҲʡþ򣬴Ҳ㣬һѹ档
Цã
ҸղŽӵĵ绰ʹһǡ
һ߲նһ˵үү
ã
ܿͺүϵϣӵĻûԥͬˣʿԽжˡ
ŵԸү䣬ÿʮˣҲǶʮˡ
үӹ绰ֺǺǵȥǡ
ȷܿҵԸױ˵ǰȥ£콫ʳõĳʦҲһȥæһæ
һٸдһʳĵ嵥׼ã
ˣٰװһЩ̲Ϳȣʱŵ˽˹ݳۡ
ױã֪ˣ
ֹũֹܳк˽˹ݣеأܳ𣿡Цʡ
ױЦʲôԴлүũ֮Ҿ˺ܶࡣ
үӸвסֻŸɻæźͼලũЩͷڿɺùˡ
Ҫǳк˽˹Ҫţˡ
ͷȻˣԺ㻹Ǿ͹Щɣͷţ
ãױҲ(ͦͦ)ϲ(qng)ġ
뿪Ųӽ˳Ծľȥæϴˡ
ϲһڳʱ⣬ϴˣ˵ܰ㡣
()

328.328 鲻

328 鲻
ʳĴãֵҲũ
ֵܴкڿȲ裬ڳ￪ʼˡ
ﲻæǾͱ򷢳ȥˡ
Ц§§ļ򣬡ϵսµ˳ܲ
年ЦǣǺ˵ĵ䷶
ʧЦ˵㻹ˣ
磬ôʱһæӣž硣
ܵԭе(qng)϶˵Ҫ䷹ҾͲˣ
ôֻӭ磬ӭңЦ
ôܣҰ֮ô羭أ
Сʱ()ߵʱܳرǴϸչˣΪ⻰һ㶼٣֮ǰ(qng)
Ժվ䷹
û⣡
ܿ죬ζӳ˳()ȥ
Ƭӳ硢ԳԷˣ
һһһˮ
ֵܳԵĶܳ죬ҵļͥպܺãûʳϰߺҪ
ͽ˽˹ݵİ˵£硢磬ҪпգҲԽȥԷͣ
һϲȦٶ֪˽˹ݣҲٴδȥˡ
Цû⣬Ǹһ䣡
˹ʳҲʱ䣬Ҳһɡ
˶Ǵˣ²³⣬Ҳֵȥ
Ҫ֪ܳԵĲˣǼһﲻ֪жˡ
Цż˵׼ҪʼӪҵ𣿡
ţԺÿ˽˹ݶῪҵͷ
ЦʣǶǲܹߺţ
ľ̸¶ڷϣ˽˹ݿѡ
Цû⣬ֻҪǰкУҪ䶨ȥˣǿ÷Ǹ
üǿҵר䣡
ЦЦĿҲ˷ѣ
ԹĿһۣȴûз
ãԼҵܵܲˬС
̧ͷԼҶһۣԷ
ʱŵܵܳԱҲ(ͦͦ)ġ
극ȥȲ衣
ܿоҩ߲Թ()ЧѾȷˣҪɹ鲻⣿
츣ҩ蹫ȥڱף
ֻǵʱҩдߵϢҲһ𹫲Ҫѯ
쿪ʼظĸллͺͶƱ~~ӵ֪ͨĻ¸Ѯϼܣڻ壬ÿʼдϼܱĸˣôô~~
()

329.329 

329 
֪ܵ˼һֱһ⣬ܹõȥ϶õڵֺ֧Ϳ϶Ҳõû򲡵˻ȥϣ
û̧ͷЦЦ
ɫºͣʱųϢȥҪʲô鷳ҡ
ǿǱҲһֱڹעǵϢǻʲôõ뷨жҩ蹫֮һʱ䣬ǻ˰б㡣
ҲΪİȫ롣
⣬ã
ֵźһ裬ԼԷʱ͸ˣ
֮ǰ׼õĲ໨ɣڲԶ°Ϳ
ƹµ˶·Ⱦһů⣬Ҳů
۹
˹һعųϢӵ̫ټ绰
һ()·ŴĶȥ̫ӵĹ(din)
ܼҽȥ˿治ֻ诣Ҳڡ
˹񣬡̫(din)£̫
絭ĵͷɣ
诿˹ŵĶڵģ
˹ŵϣǵģҴĲҶۺͿȡ
̫֮ǰʵӣңʶũⷽ죬ζǲ
¶Ȥζܲҳ
ִӴóװӣҵĺӣڱǩַʱ˫ֲԾĽ˽˲ɢһֹʡ
ܿʧǱһֱע()ϵ粶׽ˡ
ӣôˣĺϲӣҡ
ȥũֵӣҡ
说򿪺ӣóһźͮͮӣҷŵ֭Ϥζ
Ҳȫȷˣ˹ʶũá
ӣҺűǩϵַһϹɽĽ׭ֻ֣ǲܿö
дţ㣬㣡һһģң
֮һֱڴú͸Ϣ
һµģ()϶и͵ı裬ŸҲһܻţȷõϢɵ˿
ܿ죬ӣҾͱˡ
״ڣóԣ
Ƴһۣó԰ԣ
ʧЦϲԾͺã
ŮʹС()һ취ûС
λũϵɣԺÿܶӣɡ˹
()

330.330 

330 
˹֮ǰҹŵţΪ̫Ӷ̫ûи(qng)˿ܹ
ڿ̫ӵģͺ̫̫()ӣܿȥӣҡ
ǣһϵģȡÿܶӣҹ
˶Ц˵ũʳƷʷǳãһǩ˶ͬ
ʳĵˣһ̫Ӻ̫ҪǾúθڣԺҶ˶ʱ͹
ȻǴ̻ĸ߲㣬Ҳ̫ҴϣƽѽӴ̫ӣҪջᡣ
ףУ͹ԣ̫ҪϲԣԺͶǱ߶ˣ
£ǰһûٽѾȽϤˣ֪ԳԵĺޣ۹߼ʳģȽ
ϣ˹еʳ⡣
̧ͷĵĿ˹ʣũʳȷʵãܹӪôһũӦҲ(ͦͦ)İɣ
˹̫ȤЦŻصũһŮֻũӪúܺãһĹҽء
Լε(qng)˵һ飬ҪǾ޷ţ仹ôֶΡ
ȤȫҿϣȷʵйҽĴڣû뵽ô档
ĻǸСҶ(ͦͦ)͸Ȥģ㽫ն˺ŸңҺģ
˹һ㶣Щ̫Ҫն˺š
ûش𣬶ǲԾ̫ӣ΢΢ףŽն˺ŷ˹ȥ
ն˺ţ
诺İŪնˣţ鷳ˣ
̫ˣ˹ܳ˵
ڰ֣ûȻȥɣǼ֮ǰǸĿҿɣȥҵ̸ɡ
˹һϲλǶĶˣ̫ӿ̫һӣЩȫǺ
ԺҪ̫Ӹˣӭ̫Ͷˡ
ǣл̫ӣվ()񣬡ˣ
˹뿪ߵ()߿Цʡҳһţ
ԴҹŵųѾս˼죬Ҫֽ֡
诽ʣµӣҸϣ()ƿ³һ֣
һıѹ£˵Ϻûʲô㵽Ҫô
վ()ȫ()ɢһŮ飡
㲻ᵥдɷˣϾ(qng)ҪߣԻȫдĹ~~1330~~
()

331.331 ǾͲҪ

331 ǾͲҪ
ʱѾ۹̫
ԭ()Ǳ˺ģԶ˱޹
˶Էеļ䣬ĸźݶ׵ܲˣΪ̫ڼǸ۸С
ͻȻһ죬Ǹν׵Ϊ潫޸˱ϵ̫ӡ
ԭ()һֱȽϳݵ۹ս񣬵֪Ҫ޸ʱϲȴǺ£Ϊ䲻
ڳɻǰֽԭ()˳ȥԼԽԽѵĴҲ˵֮Ҫǽ飬Ҳһ֡
ѯԭ()Ը⣬ô취ƻԼȨԭ()
ԭ()еҪ壬Ȼᣬȴز˵Ǹеˣѡ顣
˳飬粢ûԭ()ʳס˰ŵҲȽϵλ˸(qng)⣬ԭأ֮ǰԼõġ
ԭ()Ҳûܵõ(i)ĬĬסļҿµġ
ϧȴǱļҴ˺ˡ
һʼҲûٽӴֻҲ˹
֮ǰڳ״̬ͻȻһʱ()ľҲ˻츳޾ǷӰ
Ѻĵһʱ紦ڱ״̬˹ҷ˾ֱӱˡ
ڻ޵Ӱ£綼һ**״̬Ȼķޡ
ҵʱޣҲϤҲ˸(qng)
֮ǰǰδ֮ĸִԣʲô÷¹ɰ룬ڰָǰ֮(qng)һ㡣
ֻȴҲûϾǹȥ(qng)׷Ųţ⵱¡
ϲ˾ϲˣ̹̹(())(())ģҲ(i)еŮһ
Դӷϵ֮ʱ佥Ƶ˺ܶࡣ
(qng)ºֻҪԷϽΪС()ϰߡ
˭֪ǰ죬ȴ˵ҹǰεţڷûзʲôи̡
ĸ(qng)ҲͽֻϲҲһĵһˣܹЩͬġ
ˬԷѾԼ˷֮ʵӦ̸һ(i)ھȻ˽ºǰϵǰθҲ磬ɲԸ
ȻˣһǾͲҪˣ
()

332.332 붼룡

332 붼룡
û뵽飬ɫֳֺ
ٴο诣ҧгݵ˵飿붼룡
ԼĶ˸(qng)ܣûţ
벻ҵ(qng)ΪԼ̫Ӿҵɣ
˵ӣҷŻؿڴžҪ¥
ȴһץסĸ첲诣ҿţǺȾ(qng)δˣֻ˵ˣ
תͷü΢˵棿
磬һν͵Ļᣬ㵽ΪʲôҪȥ
о֮ɫҿɲɵӣû͵ĵ˴ڣӣĪǹóѣȻӵұɣ
һµദҲ˽⣬аֶΡ
Ϊ͸֧ȣޱң˺أԽԽѣԽԽ̫֮࣬λܱסˣȴ侲ǣ·һжƿ֮С
˻᲻֪͵ģºѹƲţ
֪⻹˽ȥ͵ĵ˵óѣŲϵΪи̵ĵط
£ȻЩ课Ȼȫˡ
뻳УЦ治ҿеŮˣô
У̧ͷĿȻأ
ǸЩ(qng)޷ͣһ㣡
ֱǸ§诵ֽ˽Ҹҿ϶ĸ㣬Һ͹ʫ֮ûʲôûʲôӵұ˼ҶûȤ
Ҫϲʫ俣ô(yn)Է˻飬һѡ
ʵģһһ(i)Į
ĽͲͻ˵˵ȥ绹ǲѡҺĸܡ
Ц绨繴˹ָ
֮ǰ;ô磬ΪˣչȥһϢ
ҹųͱϳԡ
诹˹ͻȻ¶һĨ˫ֱסĲӣֱ̧صĵص㲿λ
˻۵Ƚ˽û뵽Ů˾Ȼôݡ
׼˵ѾſĲӣصĽƿ޵Ŀ
磬ѾˣԼúõϧûкҩ
Ϣ()ȥɣ˵ת()¥
üͷ壬̫Ƣ治һĴ
ѹѾ޷ȫȫȥһˡ
ε̾˿ûи¥Ҳûȥˡ
ôǵһôĺ͵ͷˣҪ()֣Ǿñ˴˶侲°ɡ
֮ҲΪӶˡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

333.333 ûת徵أ

333 ûת徵أ
读صղŵĲʱȴ
͸ӣԼղˣӦµġ
ҪĻǺϵϡ
óն˹ĺ벦˹ȥ
նȴʾĺޣ޷նϵ
ֵҳͬ޷½ҳնޡ
治磬Ϊҵãֻվ()߳ȥ¥ÿͷš
սԡ׼ϴ裬ʱֻ诣¶һ˿Ц⡣
Ҳûл·ԡ߹ȥš
վſڣʣסͷ
üˣ
ҿһն˵Ȩޣһ㶼
΢΢üն˵Ȩޣ
ͻȻղ诺˹ҪǸũն˺š
ҪǼȨޣʡ
诵ͷ
ҪǻԼȥǳ鷳Ƚ϶಻˵ʱ䣬ܸܿ㶨֪ƿصȱҪܶࡣ
ҪҵնţЦ飬˵ܻ¹ϵ
޾ܾҲҪģ
㵽װﲻҿżֲͷʡ
緢Ƣĺܴ󣬿ȴ֪ΪΣÿ(i)
Ҫǲأսʡ
˵ĺڶߣûд·()ſܵõ¡
ҪǻǰĲ׹ȥˣеǰǺϷķޣȻÿ
һ˼ûУ˺룬ҪǲҽϾȥϹҪϢ
Σţźܶ⿴˺磬ȴ
ԭﻹЩ컵磬ͷ˲һˮ
ԭЦ˲˺ڣܱܲһֱ֣
ܣ诺ͺܹҿնˣҿʱ䣬׼
()̫ûôף˻Ҳƻ粽УҪʮȫļƻ()뿪
翴()ˣ()ݵģǵһμô棬ͻȻһ¡
飿żɳƵʡ
һصͷǣ
ûת徵أɫŨ(qng)ʡ
΢΢ɬ£ȴ뽫ͣûУ
һΪҹŵ(qng)
ӳڣһζŮ˶ģҲ⣬ΪΪ¾ͱ
诵Ŀˣ
()

334.334 ǲǷˣ

334 ǲǷˣ
һ˿δйĿֻźܡ
侲£Ȼٺú̸̸𣿡ͷϣԽ̸ѷԽԸ⿴ġ
ڻæҲʱȫַˣã
ҪɼִԼֹֻ
һͷԸ˰㿪ǼȨնˡβ诿ڣˡ
֮ǰʵҲֻ붺˭֪ʧˣ
ɲС
ȻҲΪŻһãҪǻɱŮ˸ô˦ӻ̬ȣᣬˡ
说߳һȣлл
Ƿޣô(to)һ˵ζоںˡ
Դȷ˹ϵȻ̸һ(i)ʼǲŮʹҲϲ
ллĻԵ̫ˣ
诲ٶ̸Ϣɣһطˣ
ӸͲ֪ԭļĴʲô˵棡
诣Ҫȥߵ̫죬ȥ̵˿
ĵĪֻżӾ磬ûйĸܣ¾أпʧȥ̫֮λʱûй
عֻǵ()Ӱʧ¥ݼ䡣
෢۵ͷҸʱ诺ú̸̸Բġ
ΪӰ죬ǸܿƣǲҲ޷Ů뿪
ص䣬ȵһ̣Ȼһ绰öԷΪ课콫նȨ޴򿪡
һֵһ̻ܿҸ˺ܶͷֱϢг鵽һˡ
ĬƬִ̺һ绰
ûƵܿ촫һʱң£
Ǹƻȡɣ緢ԼǷˣ־ҪǲҲʧȥҪĶ
ĸƻ
ԹǸ
ûհɣƻǷǳҶѾеһˣģ
ţģȡɣ
ҪõЩܻѾüҲܵļƻ
ȡɣ
ΪʲôңΪļǸŮˣ
ţ
ʲôǣǲǷˣļҿǼ̺ͶµİߣŮ˸ļ()ߵ()ϸ㾹Ȼ˸(qng)ΪҪôҪļƻ
ƻùҵߣҲܵĿġ
ֵ𣿡ԷĬƬ̲ʡ
üģ֪֮ȡƻ
Уϣ㲻Ҫڣ
Ҳϣ
翿ɳϣ̲סһ̵ֻ
()

335.335 ӿɽҲ

335 ӿɽҲ
ũһ(to)໨ӣһŸɫͬƯ
һ¹ŵģľгӰմСͬη˽ȥűȽϵΡ
Ϻӣվ()˶첲׼ȥϴϢ
ڴʱ
ŹȻվſڣôˣ
ֻǹͷȹ˽˵ҸղŰնȥһǼȨޣѾɹˣҹ˵һ
ģоеȣ˿һţôЧʣ֮ǰǼȨ޺鷳ֻҪ뻹Ҫϸˡ
֮ôϸĿƣҲΪ˷ֹ()ϸǼϢ
Ҳ֮ǰһֱ÷նˣҲҪ׼ȥһģȽϷ㡣
ֻû뵽ȻһжˣԽԽˣѵã
һ˵Ҳ˭ȥ£ȥȻЧˣ
Ҳ˵ӵĹϵ򲻿ô졣
Ц
ն˸ңҰ룬ͨˣ巢۹̫¼ܹģΪˣȥ졣
ն˵ݸ壬ͿʼŪ
ͷŪʱµ绰߷Ϣרעģܺÿ˿Ц⣬ӿɽҲ
Լ˰Сʱң彫ն˵˹ˣ
ӹնˣ۹ܿʾ¼ɹ
αֲֵñͷЦ
оǹʣ˹ôң
ЦʣҪʲô𣿡
뿪Ц˵Ҫһڣ
ʲôͲҪˣܽӴҪ
ü۴Цͷ˹ȥ˺죬ӿ죬Ҫ𣿺üҲеţ
΢΢죬Цкû뵽һȻô(qng)
սĶߣ
ɲô׷ģ(to)·أ
˵꼴룬÷£ǱϷˣ
㣡û˵Ůˣ
ղΪҪˣ˭֪Ƕء
һҪ󣡡
ЦҡҡͷʱѾˣ
ϰ()Ŀ´κúñ֣ٸάҪĻᣡ
ΣֻԴûеõǵĴǹܵģ
()

336.336 صô

336 صô
Ҳ٣ٽԼϣġ
һ⣬ʹն˵ʱ򣬲Ҫ͸¶ϢĶܣƵҩϢ
նһźţ뵽ϵͳļⷶΧҲǻϵͳ鿴ҲΪ˷ֹ()ϸȡ
ȻΪֵ᷸ͼ󣬲¡
û뵽ӹն˻ƣתһҲ;ˡ
٣սԺ˴˼ҲǴںܴģжԷ̽ӣҪǲ࿴ױ̽ӡ
ţһעģͷ
ŵˣղŶҴ绰˵˹ǱߵĺͬѾЧ콫ṫ
֮ǰ˹üũϢҲ϶סĴҽҩ˾߲ʮ**µɭݴͷȨйأһЩ̽ȵ׼
ҲԼľӢСӵ˼˹бϲ̫ˣֵİȫ
Ҫǹˣٵ۹Ǳ߻ж𣿡
ҩ˾׵ڶԷ()϶⵽Ǻ޵ġ
Цŵõģٵ۹ҸƽϢҸ߲ʱֲ˶Ըҽҩ˾ҩ˾ĻĻҲ(jn)ˡѡһʱ
˹Ҳô칫Ϣ
Ϊ֮ǰûпնˣٵ۹˽Ƥë
ֻ֪һȽǿĵ۹û۹ǿȴǵһǿ
ôңЩʡ
ͣٵ۹ϻʵͻȻµ̫Ӽλԭ粻Ӵ()֮ݺʤһ˸Ҫ࣡
˭û뵽̫һ֮ǰķ(())Ƿϣеļλĸҵǿƣ˸ת
뷴ѵĻѾ£ұ()(jn)ֻ̫ӼλʱȽ϶̣кܶǱأһһ壬ٵ۹Ҳʹ˶(())֮Уڲֶ⡣
Ҷû뵽С̺竣صôȫǱһһ
()ڻҵȨУαװʱҲǱزٵģֻ˭ЦȻǸ̫ӲӮң
£λ̫ӵĸҲȥˣ
ͷţĸûþȥˡ
ٵ۹ϻʵ۶Իʺкĸ(qng)Ǹ竣ҲɲЩԵ̫ӣλ
۹ϻʵ۾ͱȽϳ(i)̺粢Ǻܵϻʵۻģнȹ̵λȫԼһ䡣
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

337.337 ϵ

337 ϵ
ٵ۹ʵеǾƣλ̫һֱαװԼҲпܡ
竱еĻʵۣ᲻йأ
漴ҡҡͷôɺϵ(qng)()̫
ͨ˹նȨ֮ҲԶעٵ۹µ۵(qng)
˻ᣬͻԼķˡ
ϴմͷն˾
ƽٻ˸绰߹ȥնˣһİĺ룬ʾ۹
˰ģⲻ˹ն˺ţʮ**һˡ
ͨܿһò()欵ŮӣƵͶӰ
òòţʲͬüȴмơ
˯ȹɢͷ崿ģҲһͶӰƵ
Էж¶Ĺʡ
˹ܵλũ𣿡ȿЦʡ
ͨն˺󣬷һϢ
߻ᱻϵͳأҪǺϵҪй¶۹(qng)Ƚ鷳Ͼ()ݱȽ⡣
ĵһۣ֪Լұá
Ҳͬһ۾֪Լҽ㡣
ǰ۹̫Ҳŵͷ
ߵϵͳмأǴδ棬Ȼϣ¶ˣ
ܸ˼㣬ֵӣҺ𣡡
ϲͺã´ӣˣ˹ٴ㣡
ðҺϲӣҡ
㵯ٺܺ
ðɣֹǱҼ룬ʱܾˣҲᵯ𣿡
Ҳ̫ó٣ϲٺõȣ
лһҪ˵ҲֹܱǱ룬Ҿͼ빫ᣬǻ֣ܽ
лᱻĻһῼǼġ
һᣬ˸оǴİϤȽ̸
ξȵƵп۹ͣЦ˵
ףðлҲ棬Դͣ
Щźʼ磬ҵ()ȥ͵Ŀ()ֻ̫ܵ۹ˣ
ȡȥ۹ͣ
ؼ
ؼ
绰֮󣬲Ž(qng)ƽ
ӸղŵƵ绰õõϢ
һ㱻Ǽֹ룬ʱܾˡ
ҪҲֹ룬ǽͻͬ⣬пڹĻϼ档
ڶ()ƺܴ޷Ǿֻ취һȥˡ
()

338.338 ̫Ԥ

338 ̫Ԥ
˼תת¸ѡ޿ΣúõĵһãȻŵȥ
ֻҪֹĸ߲㿴ӦҲģܺͽһˡ
ȻҪ˹ȥΪǼ˿Ҳһȥ㡣
Ҫȥ졣
ڶһ磬۹Ĵ̻߲˹ⷢһϢ
ӽ쿪ʼ۹Ĵɭݽ۸Ȩ˷ȵҩ˾
Ϣըףĸҩ˾
֮ǰ˹죬ҩ˾߲㶼ʹ˾ҪõȨȴʧˡ
Ҷյٵ۹μӴ˹ĳϢҲûٱʲôϣιȨ϶ֻ䵽ٵ۹Ĵҩ˾
˭뵽תȨֻߣȨԭûоķȹ˾˴۾
Ҵҩ˾ĸ߲̲סͨ£һβѣ̫ǵԤϡ
Ҳϸȥ˲飬˹ڵ۹һʱ(qng)ͷȼü棬һȥũΡ
ͱȽˣѵǸũ˹ʲô
ԷǸſûõҩ˾ôõȨ
ɭݶЩҩ˾˵̫ҪˣҪǻ˾õȨǻʩѹһ£öԷó󲿷֡
ɷȵı̫ǿӲˣ()ǸĺڵʩѹǾûȤ
ҲȫɭݵĹȨǷ׷׸ȥƵ绰
Ҳشǣȥ˽˹ò͡
ЩǴ򣬴ȥһ˽˹òͣԺ󲻳ûлס
ԷǻΪЭˣһӦһ
ŷȸ绰æһ
߸ү䣬һлүһԾһһպûʣ˷ȡ
Ҫ˳ǷʹȥԼר䣬һ䱸á
Թ緹ͷȥ˽˹׼
ױҲĲ˵Ҫʳģ׼ȥ˽˹ݣũļʦͰҲ˹ȥ
Ϊÿ׼ʮˣƷ
ȫϯĲƷֱ顢˿ֽ桢¯ɽ޺ϺʶĢġƬƤ()ˮＹٻѼࡢз()˫˿ɳ̡̤֭ѼơҶ
׼˴񶹸˫ɫ⣬Ʒ׼ӣҲˮСԲ
()

339.339 

339 
ƷĶ࣬׼ʱͱȽϳ
ӿϯ½ˣ屻ȥкˡ
ԾúͰ˹һȥ
໣㰡һ̲ס
ת()ЦٹһͿԳˣĻ(ͦͦ)磡
ⲻǵȲƷʳЦ˵
ԾմյԱߣ̫ˣ˿žɫζȫ
ЦûȫأͿɫζȫˣ
ž㣬ҶоԵģԾ()ڡ
Ц˵Ҿллˣ
һ죬˹ߵǰҩ˾ɭݵĹȨ㹦ûɣ
ͷƳһۣ(to)ˮƽ治ߣ
˹ЦǺȷ˵(to)
ô룡ζĵûпҩ˾ôʲô
˹Цûҩ˾ҲöԵ۶Ĵ¶˽£
¸߽һӶûȤһ𣿡սʡ
ЩĿ()ݻҪ񣿡
֪Ǽ˹ᣬ澭ᷢһЩעΪӶͿԽɺõӦ񱨳ꡣ
עΪӶģΪƵˣҲѰ̼ô˹Ҳˡ
˹𹴹żȥ£Լʵսе񲢲ֻǱҽһã
û̫ȤֱӾܾ
˹Ц㶼ʲôôܾˣ
УʲôôһôȦӣ϶򵥡
˹ҲӣǵĿǻץһֻϾޣλùѾȷˡ
ζ˵ϾһְݽҶϷǳϡȱܹҩ֪ûȤΧڣҵǵġ
ԭûȤģҶҪƽⶾҩҩģ˼֮ʱûҵ
ΪʲôҼ룿ɻʡ
˹ʵΪҽҷģϾڵĵطȽƫƧΣգǵĶܿ϶ΣԱʱˣҾǵܹС
ҽǳġ
Цʣҽ㲻ǵĺȣǵĶӦö߰ɡ
˹ͷߣԼϺҾòᣡ
()

340.340 

340 
Щ⣬ϾھǸһߣ˿׵Ϻȡ
üôģ
˹¶һŵĹʣǶԼ˵۹ģ
˵ҽҲҪսֻҪ϶ĽУģǲһ䡣
ʣʲôʱ䣿
¸³ԼҪһܵʱ䣡˹ص
üͷҪѧУˣ
ֱѧУ˵Ҫȥ񣬵ʱӶѧУʦͻͬˡ
˹˶˵һѧԺ͵ڶѧԺһֱᳫѧȥһЩʵоͰӶȽ϶ˡ
ѧԺҵѧξսţиս飬ս֮չռ佫һְǰۻ
ȤʵûôصΪʵҶǱ֮ûȤҲȥһΡ
ҿ£ûһڴӦ
˹дЦһ𸴣Ҫ㲻ȥǻҽ
ãͷ
ԾսܾڳȻ˵̸
ԾȤŨ˰˹һ£ѧܣǸȱ𣿡
Ͼĵط˵˸ΣգҷǳѰҵϲִŴ̼ء
˹ԵԾʱż룬ԤƵĶԱҪѧҪ룬ҿԺͶԱ¡
ԾյֵȽϸߣļ˵ãˣǼĿ()
ðǾô˵ˣԾעӶżҲԼȥ񣬵һȥ˲̫׽ӵѵġ
Ҳˣ࿼£һǺڴһġԾմļЦ
ͷã
еԾռ룬Ƕ˼ڴС
԰˹ʣԱˣ
ҪǷ֪ƻƤȥ
˹᲻֪˼ͷԱˣӵѧһǳԱˣûټˣ
˵ʵҪ̫ˣĽͻԭֵ٣Ա϶⡣
Ҳ⣬У𸴣
ȽæҲٴţȥԼİ䣬Ҳ½ˡ
Ƿֵܵ½ﵽ
үӺлүӵǣǲŵġ
ͷͷһȵĽ˽˹ݣȻȱ黭໨סˡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

341.341 ļٵģ

341 ļٵģ
үӺлүӸһˣվ˽˹￴ŰڷװƷ໨ɺࡢľʰڼ
˷ѣ̫˷ˣ
ôõ໨ɰڼȻôװƷ̫ˣ
ǰƷôߣղصĿƯ
ľͷûǻƻɣ
ûǻƻ̳İڼⶫӦղڼۿһ¾Ȼкü
ӶѾˣôƷ˵ĶӦòܱǧɣ
Ͳ֪ˣ˵Ļ±ûõһ
ǿ黭дðұļûҪúܶడ
λʦģдҲã
ԣôôͬһʦ黭أӱʼ£ᳬһ꣡
ǣЩֻӦǸдûõġ
˭дİҲ̫ˣһֱԼ黭ɱǲ˺ö࣡
үҲЩֻԽԽϤԼǸС֮ǰǷֱһģһ
ս˿Ȼÿ涼һͬǩ·ţ˲˺ڡ
ǸСӣүүҿӣ
˵ţպ¥Ӵүǡ
лүһֱסũʱͷ棬ҲϤ˲١
Է֡
߹ȥȺԼүүүǴкſлүӣлүүôˣ
֪⻭˭𣿡ָǽϵˮīɽˮʡ
Ҳ֪ǿ϶ǲŻûõģʱԭҲŪɷ¹ŵĻûͬ⡣
Ц̹̹(())(())Ļصġ
Ҳдģżֽ֮ɫĲ䡣
ȺͷһڼΪԼڹŻϺ裬ھǿʲôһʤһɽһɽߣ
Ļлүӵ˶˾
СģļٵģлүЩŵʡ
ǰҲϲռֻԼʱҲửдд⻭ˣûмʮĹӦòܻ
Ŷ󰡣ʮ궼̥￪ʼϰҲֻɣ
ǲţʼ磬ģǱţۿ
ʮ궼ôĻүҡͷȻš
岻ˣүӣһ˽ǣ
һȺû۹ͷ
()

342.342 ȥ¶һ

342 ȥ¶һ
˵үӶţүҲЩ̫š
֮ǰСǷźܹôǧͷˡ
˼¾ɣ
ȴû˵׼˽ʷ壬Ҫò֪¾ɣɲ
СĻģԼʡ
һصͷģ
үӵЩڣŷӦ֮ǰһ¹Żȥͷģ˽
군ˣҪˡ
֮ǰֻ֪⿹ŵʱںܶʧĲף֪ƻ򲡣ȴû˵黭
½үζ˵ʶ£
ͷҲʶ£
ԶԣСĽǻһǼʶ£
½үһүӸ塣
лүӺϲͽ䵱ԼŮһ
ȻҲ̫ţɰնԷ˽⣬Ӧò˵
ȻϣԼϲСϿɺͿ϶ǶԷ˵ȥСԸԸ¶һ֣
ΪΣЩͷô˵Ƿ˵ģأ
鲻˶ãȥкϲ黭үȲ˵
ϲԼ˴۾Ĺˣ(ͦͦ)(ͦͦ)()˵УүүǵȻᣬ
үӺлүԷǣһڵ۶һŶܵ
汻Сǵˣһʮֹ˳к
ҲһĻһζϷͺҲ֪ôӦԣܻ
ڳѾ׼òˣʣµʦͰɡ
׼Ϣᣬ˽
ôˣк𣿡ʡ
Цߣк£
Īʣʲô£
ͷĺ£Ц˵ЩͷĻһ޵ˣȻ˭ģҾ͸ʵˣ
ǲܻôõĻ㣬ȥһǿ
úõȥ¶һ֣Щͷǿ۽磡һģ
ʧЦͻ£
ӣǲɳ
ϲķⷢģŹâʱ
һﾡǹʾ貵ķǣаɣҽȥ
Ȼү˵ˣôҲȥ֤£̫ˡ
()

343.343 С

343 С
ʦ˼䣬δĲȣžͺͷ¥ˡ
()ϵΧȹѾȡһ()ɫȹȥ£ϲʩȴȻȥεʺܳڡ
үӺлүͬʱڣСС
үӶһۣȻüŵĻҩζ
״Ц˹ȥүүлүү
Ȼֶͼĵүӡ½үкүү½үү
ʶĶͳһкλǰã
½үЦŵСģҪ㻭Щϼһǿ֪Σ
Ȼۼʶ£ҪԸ⣬Ҳǿѯ
΢ЦףȻλǰ뿴Ҿ׳ˣ
ðһų˰ռͷֽī˳̿
ʱޣ׼һɻͼôһԺоѾ뻭ͼͣٵʹ
үǶΧȥһĿתؿš
尵ȫ˺棬ҲۿȴҺͷȥһӺ쳤ӵĿ
ʱʮֵͶ룬ȫУ˸оõרע档
үӶ΢΢˵ͷϲרע̬ȡ
ܿ죬һɻˮīֽϣүһ¶˾֮̾ɫ
ãɻͼֱһдʦ緶
ãٶҲܿ찡
ôһɻͼҪüʱɣܻôá
С⻭̫ˣôС;ܻʦǸŰ
С
һĿ޴ͷǵĿվںһֲʵС
⻹ǵүүǰôûôˣ
ǶǸǲҪǮĿޣŶᡭ
ɷϣȻǲоˮīȴܿá
үҲȫȷˣԼ֮ǰĻԼС̫Ƿˣ
һ㶼Ϊйأ϶ԼҳСԼ£̫Ƿˣ
ϲŵʱڵ黭ĺɻԽԽϲҲԽԽϲ
ϱͺˣǿԾоֻð
ﰵţСȢؼңҪǸ湴Ůӣʹȡ
()

344.344 ûжԱȾû˺

344 ûжԱȾû˺
ү룬ЦеĿڡ
СģҪдһʫʰɣ
ȻܾҾдŵʱڣʫʫʰɣ
ܶʫʶѾ䣬ʷҲûļأϲñ˵ʫʵԼģȵʫĳ
˵ֽдҶ̣ӳ(r)ɻ죡
ԾıʷֽϣȾ
дʫдķǳãһ㶼ǸʮŮдóġ
ʵͰǰۼ֤ˣɵòš
֮дôãҪǰСܵ⹫Ѭϲ
꿪ʼͱ⹫ָһֱϰϻļӳ֣츳ڿ֣Żž˴ʦ緶
ϲŻȴϲ󻭣Ĺʣͻܳʡ
ϲ֣дĸã
֣һλүӼĿڴƽ
үҲ׷׵ͷȷʵǺ֣ղصĹŵʱǸдĺã
С⸱֣ͻȻ֮ǰղصһŵʱںɻͼˣһλүЦ
û֣û뵽СССڹŻϾ˵裬ɱҼҳСǿˣ
˵ˣһᣬҶҼǳСһ١
ûжԱȾû˺ǰҾҼŮӿŻУڷҴˣ
ҼҳСʲôʱܻôһ˯ŶҪЦѣ
˰ɣǸС竣ⱲӶ뻭
ҼҳСôֻ֪أ˼Сʹ󣬿һѾ
үһһ䣬ȫǶԼŮǺ޲һ
滹ŲӿСһ˳ǣͷҪҪǣǾһ˺
Ƕ̲סԼ͵ˣ
ͷǣ˼ҲǵŮ
ʱүǰоǶ⸱ϲ
ǵһѧԺУ()ҲǸѧʶԨѧߣԹĻϲҲ
̲סڵСģ𣿡
ҪǮǾ⻭ĵΣҪͬ⣬϶رġ
һ㶣û뵽үϲ⸱Ҫĵز
Ȼû⣬үүϲˣں͵Լҹϵ(ͦͦ)ģһѣ⡣
үһ㶣Ȼţôû뵽ͷһˣʧ󰡣
ôõĻҲղأͷ̫ƻˣǻûӦ֣Ҫ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

345.345 ˭֪˭

345 ˭֪˭
үӵõͬ⣬ϵЦݸ
ڴʱ˽ȥֺõЦ˵үүҰɣ
ʡүӣһһ
үӽĿԼգëëŵŪô죿
尳˳ǣȻֱԼүүˡ
үӽѾɵòĻСľȻ󽻸鱣ܣλӿס
ŻүӶ()Ҫٻһǿ
лүЩźҲϲĻ
תһ΢΢ЦЦסũԺеǻд軭˵ܲ䵽һ
ˮ¥̨ȵ׵ġ
үӴ˴ӣ쬵Ƴ˵үӡ
ϼһ治ҪȻδϱĻߺߣ
үѾ֪ԼСӶ˼ˣĽΪϱ
ƽ()ӣӦûȻ鷳ٻһ
ҲˣͷһľͿ˭ðͷǺø磬ŲԼϱ۵Իסˡ
үӺ̫̫ģһԼүүˬɫʹ²³ԭ
ЦŶʣ㲻Ҫүү𣿴𣿡
ͷĺöɶأ¾ǾǿܶϡеĶŪöͷǰˢڸС
ͷֻҪˣôԼ١
үĻɫ˲()ת磬ԼӿТ˳ϾͲСˡ
үǲ֪ԼұӴʲô⣬ԻᱻǸΪרſүүĻ
ڳ⻰뿴
˷һۣ޵ĵһ
֪ЩүƽȽϺӣرҫҪүҫĵء
Ҳүӣó鷨Ѿ¶ˣں໨ɡ
ⶼлĻŴǧĹ屦Ͼ̫ϧˣϣ䷢
ӿռó׼õľУЦŵݸүӣүүԭ׼ȥҰݷõʱھǰɣϣϲ
үЦݵĽӹľУСǿÿΰݷöҪͺöҶ˼ˣ
ڳүһ뷭ۣ²ۻ㲻ϲģ
˭֪˭ͷǹ⵱ҫÿȥͺöأ϶һ١
()

346.346 ү

346 ү
үӿһϼһ뷭۵ģ;úܳ죬ǣ
ľһֱ򿪣ϯү̲ס˵Ϸ⣬īʲôأ򿪿Сʲôˣ
Ҫ轻ĺöǽȥҲȥ
үŽľзϣӴ򿪡
ӵƱȽϾһķֿĶһۿɼ
ҾͿװŴСһ໨̣Ȼɫͬһͬһ(to)˽˹ݰŵĻҪ¡
һ(to)໨Ʒðһλǳϲүӣ̲סȥһĦ
ֻûȥõ㱻үһĿˣëëŵģСҵģˤô죿
Ŀֵүӳ˳ǣûϵǸӶˤĵزͷ̫Сˡ
үҲЩԭͬȥ˿үǷ׷ֹס˶
ﲻɵĽүϼһûٵõö̫ˣ
ֿ̧˿ʱ䣬ЦŶ˵ĲӦѾ׼ĲˣȹȥλҪȽ䣿Ͼϲˣ
ʱ࣬˾Ͳóˡ
үӺܱĽľйϣЦŰڰ֣Сȥҿˣ
үүˣԺǶչͺã
ֱ׵Ļû˷С
ǿ϶ģ
ٴкһ뿪ȥ˳
ԭȥȴүӽסˣСӣȥɡ
ֻǰ·
½үһ߸ߣһߺʣ໨ǹģ
ŵʱ໨٣ϾƷǱôƷֺõĸ֮٣ôôࣿ
ҿģĽڷ˽˹ݣӣ˵໨ɵļֵ
ЦŽ˵Щ໨ɶԼء
ʲôԼģ֪Ĺգһүֱһ
ͷ԰֪Բó
үү֮ǰһ(to)໨ɱҶȥˣүүȽۣǰ£һ(to)͸үүҲżҫ˵
ģͷүӺ񣬾ү׵ġ
һүӺҫᣬĽʰ
Ȼ()ŵԼӷ׷׶ȥ˰ۣһȺûõģֵ츳ҵСТ˳Ҳ磬ˣ
()

347.347 ǻ԰

347 ǻ԰
ںСǣܿյԼүӵԹһ
ŷŵĿôô
үֺǵЦŵСˣ
Ȼתͷͷ˵ܹ˽˹ƷʳҲϴμС˵ķˣⲻѹһƷ
֮ǽܳٷȫĹ͡
һүһͷߣͷڲҪĸҫ
лүߣͼɣ
ҿһֱסСũϵǰҲ˵ϲĲˣѹƷˡ֮⣬ʵմĹ⡣
үӰһۣǵ֢
ͷŲ㣡лүߣߣӡ
үҲʾͬߣߣӣӺҲʮûд裬ǰ۸㣬㲡ҲõĲˣҾ㣡
һҫϾҪ֣үӶϼһƢı꣬ʱûٴܡ
ɲϣǴСǴ˽˹ݡ
ˣϲˡϾҪϲˣǲԣǻҪءɵ˵
ڳˣҲֻӣͷ˵
ϯվں棬˵ϴϴҪô˵үүֱӳң
ЦĿһۣǷǸС࣡
ϴ()ӿɶǱ˹߳ģͷͷ̫̫Ҳûٹţ۶үǣͷǶһݡ
үӰһۣСӣܵģ
ߣҪԷˣúͷƽϣ漴блүһۡ
лүƲƲ죬һҪͷҲ㣡
һ̾ʧʳ()
ȻүȻʱͻͷһԲϾͿʵʹϵǱȽϺõģֻһദʽˡ
үЦ˵ԶԣȥԷûСĵĻ
һү죬ˣһҫġ
үӲʾ˵ҲһɻʲôÿģҪҼҿ
ϴҼСһһ÷յ׺ܾʫʣʱҲ۽磡
ô˵Щǻͷ߼ȥģھȻ˵Тģǻ԰ڣ
()

348.348 ʱ

348 ʱ
үӵȻ˵ӿˣΪҫֱӱӺ͵ģӡ
ȻյһүǵĽʺޣ
ͷôôأ̫ˣ
漴һԹͶԼúŵһ޲ھץȥһ١
үӻĻ𲻹ֻǻǻҼ(to)໨ɣڳģˮͲˮҲǲ㣡
үǾֺˣ
лүӼ߷ү⸱ҫģߺһֱ߽һ䡣
үӼģϵЦݸСӾĽʺޣϧûã
ѾߵſڵлүͣסŲǰסԼͷүүǿɣ
ôҫȥүүɾͷǵĹС
үӵͷ˳ŷָķǽһ䡣
ܼҲŸԵѽ˰䡣
Ҫߵķ屻סʣͷˣ
СĻصˣ˵
ȻԼοүү(qng)˵һ顣
һͷߣȻʧЦãͷӻ棡
лᣬҲȥҪһɣϲЦ
ûİһۣûôʱǻ۰
̧ͷСӣ
Ҳôһ˵ѣСӻˣϱ˸硣
ܣ𣿡һҩ˾ĸ߲ͼվһſʡ
ķ壬ȥкˣ
ţȥɣҲϳЩǸҩ˾ĸ߲㣬سԷʱһ棬еӦˡ
ת()ѳһȥ΢΢˹
ʱãЩҩ˾ĸ߲㿴ĺͼλүӵĹϵܺãҪʲôҲø
漴Цһ۵¶һ˿壬˭ҪǸҶĴ⣬ɾͱˡ
ȥʱ˶Ѿ׼òˣԸԱˡ
ܿ죬һ̵ɫζȫĲ˶ӡ
ÿ仹̸˵ˣ˲䱻ζעһ˿󣬴Ҷ׷Ӽвˡ
žͱһսһ̲ÿ˼м飬ûԹûˣȻսһ̲ˡ
Ȱҽҩ˾ĸ߲㣬ԭųԷ̸ɭݵ(qng)
˭֪Ĳ̫ζˣһſӼŵУʱ̸(qng)֮Ժ󣬺޲ýϲԵĲǸӣԼǰˬ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~11ϼܣʱᱬϼ֮ҲֻĸŬ屬~~~
()

349.349 㲻ȥ˭ȥ

349 㲻ȥ˭ȥ
үӺһİҲǲ(qng)һԵִδ
ÿôȫ꣬Ӹɸɾġ
֮󣬴ҲžԼԶˣӳųŵġ
ȴû˭ڣЩź֮ǰˣм˻ûƷھûˡ
үвҺţϲʳһγԵô
һλүЦ˵Ϸ⣬´ʲôʱһ٣
ǰҪôպپ۾ۣүӸ塣
ǵȽϵ𣬶Щ˳⿵ʮָζ⣬˵ƷҲܸ߼ʡ
Թôһ٣ȥ֮ƺüżԭ˶ûûζġ
һŸͷڶ١
үû˵붼룬Сҵϣһ٣´ҿɲ˼˼һС롣
ǲҪҿҪģ
үǶϼһûûƤģȻô˼͵Ķ߲ܣҪĻ԰Ѷǰ
˼ǣԺ󶼳Բˣһλүδʡ
үЦ˵ҲǳԲˣԺ˽˹ݶῪҵÿС³ˣҪԣԤУ
ʲôһܲſһ죿Ҳ̫˰ɣҺ˵Ƚʧ
үƳһۣ˼СϿأôʱˣ
ǻʦȻûСĺãʳĺãôҲӦò̫ɡ
԰Ϸ⣬ҪȥС˵˵һܶ˽˹ݰɣļͽʦˣ
λүͻȻԼܻǣҪÿʳĶôãζҲԸÿٶԡ
үʧЦΪʲôҪȥ˵
ʵ˵Լϼһ黹(ͦͦ)ĵģ徭߲ȥɼĳʦĲ˷ȥô࣬ˡ
ǰ˵ũĳʦĲ˻ûĺóԣҲ϶ȼĺóԡ
ֻӺСĹϵãȻҴ㲻ȥ˭ȥ
½үԭǺܺÿڸ֮()ɳԹĲ˺Ҳ̲סϼһˡ
Ҳûʲô£ÿԼԶͣǺܲġ
Զԣٵͽˣ
ӴС˴ң´㣡
ǰô˵ˣ
()

350.350 һ

350 һ
үӱ˵ľñ档
ڰ֣ˣҼҳСȥСҪеĻ֪ͨǡ
ҼҳСӳƽƤ㣬ǷǳТ˳Ϳסģ
λү˦ˣͷҫ궫ֿʼҫӡ
ܲܺúõദˣ
ֻǿȥǱ˵õĻǲ
һүǳԵú㣬ߵʱÿ˻һ
в衢һ轡һйһбʵĶƹ()㳦ž˺ʳ()
͵Ķũزﲻأȴܺүǵ⡣
Űװõ()㳦̲סȥ볢ǰǶûԹ˵Ҳǹŵʱڵɫʳ
ЩҲ˼ӹģûпʼƹ㣬ýĿǳ
ү뿪ˣҲ
͵ǲҶȺ͹̣뿪ʱ(qng)ܲ
Ǹԭ̸µģ˭֪һʳУֻ˳ˣֻŷԻ棬ʵʻҪ̸ɭݵ(qng)
ڷԵģǰߵҲȥˡ
Щҩ˾ˣɫζһ˿ӡ
һȥߴӢųʵͣסŲЦ˵Сһҽ֪ûȤȥҵҩ˾ʣ
֮ǰˣ嶼˽¶˽ܡ
½үӵĶ½Ʒ壬Ҳҩ˾Ķ³
û뵽ᵱԼȥʡ
׼ܣһڣ½壬˼ѾҶ繫˾Ĺˣûȥǹ˾
½Ʒĵλ⣬ȿȥܾ˾͵ɡ
ҲЦŵǰΪǿˣ½һ
һȻ˾ǽǣ
΢΢һЦǸĿ½Ʒ˵½ܲ˼ϸ¾ʹӦܹ˾ˣ
½Ʒ嵱룬һ̽ͷȹ˾ǲϵһ𣬶ҲǱ˼ĵġ
ɭݵ(qng)ȷҲһϸϣ֤Ĺҽܸҩ˾Ҫˮ׼ҩʦ⣬ҲҪҩ()Ƚ֪ҩʦ
ҩ(qng)ûйյϢ
һҩʦҩ츳ҩ()˽⻹ǹ˾Ҫ˲ţȴȹ˾һЩϧ
ǻǿϧϣԺкĻᣡȽϵЦ˵
ףţлٺ½ܺˣ
Ҫȥʣ18~~
()

351.351 ͱǲͬ

351 ͱǲͬ
Է˶ߣͷҲũ
ϴҲɳˢնˡ
۹ǱߣûʲôϢ̫絹ͷڱ߾սŴӮһ̣սָʵܿ촫顣
ҽУϵշ֣ɫŻɸⲢûнӦֻΪķ˰ѹˡ
һﵹǺûнͼսҪٳ⣬ǾҪ׻ˡ
ƴһѵЧܺã۹ľƣӦûָϢʱȶ
ҲϣģϾںһﻹһҴϣܺá
ȥ˿ٵ۹ţһϵеĸĸЩź˰죬Ҳûҵµ۵Ƭ
ˢ
Žͼ˯ȹɳϻơ
Ц߽ȥԱߣѵû
նƿĿ⣬Ϣ£
ҲҪݽϣÿܻһʱɡ
㻹Ϣʡ
ε˵ҸղŽӵͷĵ绰Ծ͹ˣ
ͷˣҲһүүôˣ
ϲǰɵģһȺͷ˵ϲ˽˹ݵĲˣȻүү˵˵ֻܱܲ
֪ʱȽޣǵ˼ũĳʦҲԣϾʳĺܺã
û뵽ͷǻ(ͦͦ)(i)ԵģҲУũĳʦүүӻҪġ
ֻĻʦũУ
˽˹ҪӪҲũǵθ
оЦ⣬ģãҼͷ֪϶ܸˣ
ԼүүȻ죬ĻǷǳ𾴺Т˳ģͷҲŸˡ
ȻҲܸΪүүıԭľӪ
ЦЦҲûʲôǵҺþУ
磬ʱ˷ģһֱӡͱǲͬġ
ܶʱʵ(ͦͦ)ġ
˴һʼûΪ()ݶӣչˣҲҪͶұ
彫()ǰ㣬չȥЦһӶסĺã
ü۴ЦҲסĻˣ
֮һ˵գ忴ĵЦգ̲סһڡ
˼ˣ19~
()

352.352 

352 
ɫרעһĴս
Ȼû̸(i)ое(qng)Ķ
Цһա
ô
˹һ£
˹֣ǵ컵˼Ҳһ¾ɢˣȻеСź
ˣ
׼ȥһӶӵ񣡡
ʲôǵ˻üͷ
Ϊʲôᱻ룬ڶѾ֮ţֻ벻˹ô
صεЩΣպ鷳ҪһҽҽǾѡҡ
ǻץϾޣҶԼš
㶣ǲ֪Ҷ
ôôɵ(qng)ǼҶҵҩȻǹģҲѴǸһ϶ΪȰ˵
ʼ磬ûᣬҲ²Ӧ֪ȻصҶԼá
üͷûɿӦ𣿡
˵ҪǣһӦģҶҵһѵòܴʧĻᣬϢҲ֪ʲôʱˣᶨ˵
򴽣Ҳȥ
Ҳ֪ҶҪΪԼϲ˹͵Ҫ(qng)
ε˵ʹˣ˵ûӶԱ
˵ǹģżҧгݵ˵Ҫģ
ǴСų󣬱˴֮Ǿֻ࿴˳ۣ֪ǼһﲻԼȥ
һȥġߺߡ
Цŵͷãȥ
ˣ񣬰˹ͬˣ
ͷԾֵȽϸߣ˵϶ܾ
˵һỰͻطˡ
ˢˢնˣóһ̴ľá
̴ľϣеΣɫҲǷǳõġ
֮ǰħǨɽϵ̴ľѾɹֻԭħٿռģЩͷˡ
ڶ죬ѯũʦ֮лүһһʼȥ˽˹ݹ
ÿĲɫ̶ֻԤ˸䣬ÿһһԤԼͲӴˡ
һã͸Լүүȥ˵绰
үӵһʱ俪ʼԼǴ绰԰ڣôԾȥԤ
˷һȰһ䡣
ֻǷүӣлүҲǵһʱǵ绰ͬ԰£ȻȥԤ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

353.353 ô죿

353 ô죿
һֽʵľƬ˽˹ݵĶ͵绰˸ױնϡ
ʮӺ󣬸ױҴææ˹
ϰ壬˽˹ݵİȫԤ꣡
ЩЦõ˵ڻ˲ϵĴ绰Ԥ˵ܵı˳ȥһҪܵġ
΢΢£ô죿
ױҲ⣬ǰ񶨰()ݻͣ
Ҳȥ˽˹ݣʵһû뵽ԷľȻȫ۶żֻϲܿĸ߲㡣
ϰҲãЩүӺʹҵܣȻ費̲סһֽ֮У
˼һת²ǷүӺлүӵĹ͡
û£Ժ󶩲͵ĵ绰࣬ϰ߾ͺˣߵʳĺãũȥĳʦҲ֮ĲףԺǱġ
ױʣϰ壬ڴ绰ԤԼܰĿͻǽӻˣ
룬ԤԺÿ˽˹ϢȻԼһʱΣǰ˿Ԥ䣬Ҳó飬еĺԤ
ǵ˽˹ݲȱԺ㲻ʱŪ㻨УֻǶʱʱУɫҲһҪŻ档
ױһϸģЦʣϰ˵㣡
ÿһʱ䶼ŪͷĲ˵ȣ轷ۣܵһ죬ֻҪԷĿͻһ轷ˮ
Ūÿ¶һԱ(r)ƳֻԻԱƷҪ޷ǰ˽˹ò͵ĻԱÿ»Ա(r)ʱҲԽƷţ׼һЩƷ
ÿһʱƳͷԼŰ죬Ҫȥ뵽õҲ㡣
˶˵ũǲƷǹߵƷֻǺܶ࣬һ๺һЩƷ֣()ҲԲϵӣ翪һЩˮзҲȻ
ô˵ţԱ˶̲סзˡ
۶ԭзζ̫һˣ⿳ڸûУǺڴũĳƷ
ױȫ£ǴˣҲģ¸˼·
ãÿ¶һϸƻ㿴ҪÿҾʵʩҪ˽˹ݵĿͻЩͨ˻ߵˣɵ
ȴȫԤ룬òԴ
˽(qng)ʱϰҲӦˣУÿ¿۽£
()

354.354 ǲ̫ˣ

354 ǲ̫ˣ
ùͺûã˹𿪳ũ
͸绰ҪһȥԺڶŵĻ򲡵ǡ
ԭҲȥһŵǣũһЩˮͳʦĸ㣬˹ҲҪȥ˶Էۡ
Ժ߱ǰ˹ͷûоܾһȥ
лүҲȥѣǱһȥˡ
³󣬳ԺԴ˹ӣлүӺԺǰ˵
Ͱ˹ں棬һξ롣
ȥ񣿡ȿڡ
˹𵭵Ŀһ۵ǰ
ߣҲҪȥһ
˼ѾԱˣûӽȥ޷ͶԱǽ˹̯̯֡
üȷӲȥˣ
˹ͷ治㣬ǶˡԾնǿȥģΪһĶǵһѧԺˣǲûų
һѧԺ͵ڶѧԺܴҲЩųԷ벢ܻӭ
ҷ岻Ǹµ()ӣҪһˣӳǷ˵㣿
УӲȥˣԼȥӶֲֻܽӡ
ЦЦ˵ȻĻ϶Ͳܼˣ
˹һҭɫ˳ҧгݵĵ޳ܣ
˴˱˴ˣһģ
һȥͬӵ£Ҫǻɱˣ˹ᣬ˵ҲѲ鵽Ϣȥ
ɷĸһλȴǼӶһ᳤Ҫѡ
һ()п(qng)
ļ򣬡Ͷˣ
ǲ̫ˣ˹żζʡ
շ()񣬸ģҲôҪĶвֻ롣
ûûƤһҪ룬˳벻ɡ
һȾһ˿(ƨp)£ԺԶ㣡
һϲľǵű˹ЦҺѣΪʲôҪԶ룿̫ܵˣ
첽ȥʡñһסʱͶˡ
ĿĴﵽˣͬ˹Ҳ첽ȥ
ÿԺ߶ᰲŻ򲡻߰
۲ػԽɣΪģԻǾĶ̶ȣſҪͶгҩЧܺá
()

355.355 ôˣ

355 ôˣ
ԺŵĲ꣬ź뿪
Ѿ˴룬һξͿȫꡣ
ȥĳϣ˹ʣ㿼ǵôˣ
صǵĶһû⣬ҪҶĽҶԷ
ҪӦҾͼ룡ȻʱҪһȨ鷳
˹Ц˵û⣬֮ǰͺкǶͬˡ
ҪҶҪ·ջȽ϶࣬ҲԸһ֡
ǺչˣθһȥĶϵȽȻҲѴɡ
Ƚг⣬ͷУҼ룡
˵ң
һȥģȷϵ㣡˹Ƴ˷һۡ
ɵĵУҵϢҪҲ⣬֪ģ
ߣ˹ӱ﷢һߣĬ˵
ͻũ˹ſų뿪
лүӽûлԺ㼸λˣ׼ȥ˽˹Ʒʳ
Ҳýˮ¥̨ȵµƣҸױ򶨵һ䡣
صũȥ˸㣬Ȼϴ˸軻һ()·ôװ˲Ҷȡˮ߲ˡ
¥״ʣҪˣ
źܼ򵥣һɫĶһɫȹβȥ()
ͷǱߴϢͷļҴ󷿽춼ڣҪȥ()()
Դ֪ǰͷսרռ̽(qng)Ĺ()һǳͬ󣬱˼۵ȥļҡ
һļǺܷġ
֮ǰüζȥȴܾˣļҵ˲
رĳпũģүӺļҴ֪󣬻⡣
ҪũĹ˶ʿлүˡ
֪()()ܺãȥɡ
ȥſڵ㣡鵽(qng)ļҵǰû۸
ҪҪʰļңͶˡ
ҲûܾУ㿪
׼Ķŵռȥļҡ
彫ͣլĲԶ³ֱļҡ
ͻȻլĹܼҺ˻һ
С㣬ôˣ
ܼ֪һЩĽ̬ȵûжӡ
()

356.356 õԤ

356 õԤ
֪ܼүӵˡ
һ()()
ܼɫ΢΢һ䣬ֻһţ̫̫ѳȥȲˣҪϲŻСҪ
ǻ֪꣬ͨ˵Ķ౶ܼһ΢ɫ׽ˡ
΢΢üô뿪ļˣ()()Уɱˣ()()ɻļҵĸ
ôС㿴ˣֻǷȷʵȥȲˣЩɣܼұǸ˵
۾Ҿȥ
֮ǰ()()绰ûܼͨӣһֲǺܺõԤС
ܼЩżɼҲ϶ɡ
ãСȥǶ¥ȷ˰ɡ
ͷȻط䣬˳ʰ֮ǰûдߵĶ
ܼô˵ĵһãСԱ㣡
û˵ʲôڶǶ¥ȥ
ӶģӰڡ
ȻˣӶ˾ﲻѣ̬ȱȽ䵭վС㣬ôˣ
ɨһۣһҪ
ڨڨЦЦң
ûǣֱ¥
УΪļҵСأɫ˭ء
ǣղһۺƣǱ˺ܶ࣡
ٱҲǸļС()ݶҪˣҲǸɵġ
Ӷ˽Ƕɵ
Լķóһ֧ʺһŷֽ
ϣȽóǿ޺Ƚó󷨺Ƚó޺Ʒ
˾һ𣬲ǺóҲһЩ
Ѿ㣬ܳܿһӰųķ˳
()ϣȻ򿪷ĴӴȥ
ܿļլӵ÷()˼أǱ¥ҲļүӺ()()סǶ
һ·¥ȥ()()ķ䣬ŵģû˻Ӧ
ϣŵָӡģ⡣
ȻþʵָƣɹĴš
ȥ()()Ȼڷ䣬ȻĴĲ鿴£ַЩңĺۼ
뵽ǰ()()ϵʱԷҪϵҲҪؼң˽
һڷ
¨﷢һСֽţдż֡ҡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

357.357 õϢ

357 õϢ
ֽУϳ()()ıʼǣɫ䡣
뿪ͬķүӵķ䡣
ͷķһȽϸ߶ܵıչҪָƺͫͬʱ֤ûͫû򿪡
ȴҲûڷϸѲ
ڰ칫һҵһżŵֽ
ֽһϢӦǱøͷġ
дšѾ鵽˹˾˺ٵ۹ҩ˾Ϣ֤ݡ
㶣ԭ()()һֱڲļҵĹ˾ļҵҲܴ˲ʲôɾҹٵ۹ҩ˾
ʲôϢ붼֪϶йأ(qng)ֲֻҪչ˾Ρ
ֽһȦû˳ȥ
ⶰ¥䣬()()᲻ᱻ棬ûС
ֻ˵()()ܱνġҡ
صԼķ䣬˼Ҫô졣
ԺͻȻ˹ܼ˸񣬹ܼͷţ϶֪һЩ
巢˸ϢȼСʱȲ˾Ȼȥ
Ȼ·ţعϢ˵
¥Ӷ˻ڿ¥ƤЦ()Ц˵С㣬Ҫˣ
ͷţ
ȻĵʣӰأ
Ͼͳȥˡһ˻ص
ȥˣʡ
һ˴ζĻصȥԼ˰ɣһ׷춼ÿƯˣÿ춼ȥϲŻ
С㲻ڣҲû˹ܵŪǸһᡣ
ﾪ£и׷Ӱ⵹ǸõϢ
֪ˣæɣͷȻ뿪
߳ȥһ˵ôˣӰҪ֪Ҫˣ
ߣʲôһͬӶˣҲûбǸ߹٣ƾʲôֺĶǣ
С뿪ļңҲء
һ˵ҲĬˣӰǶᡣ
ȥ¥ĿܼҼ״
С㣬㶫ʰˣ
˵ʰˣȥȵ()()
ܼѾ֪ͨүˣԷߣҪʲô
ã˸ϲ裡
󣬹ܼ˲裬Զ˸
˼ϵתţҪô뿪
()

358.358 

358 
ӹûкȣֻ±ǡ
ȹܼ˵ǣȿˣܼңǺþû˵ˣȥģ
ܼʲôĵģ
ҲʲôָܺȻȥ
ǶȥɣվŵļӶ˻ӻ֡
ߵɳ£ЦʣСʲô
()()еĿɳϣôöûл()()𣿡
㣬ܼҲһЩɳص(ͦͦ)õģʶ˼ѣʱԼȥȲ֡
ʱ򻹻ݣү˵˿˲١
Ц⼸ıȽŻҲ֪Сܼܲ
ϻûѧУɣ
һöӲһ棬һߵͷǹ涨סУٵȻᣬҪ()()Ҿˣ
ܼ⻰˿עеӲסСǹűң
ǰǰղصģնʱŷ־ˣЦЦ
ȻͶԷ˼ҳһЩ()()ͼ(qng)
ĶܼҲ׷ɣֻǲ֪ΪʲôĿһֱµӲߡ
оƤٴܣʶҲЩʡ
ҲԽԽỺܼҵ񳹵״ͺʡ()()أ
ܼҴ͵Ļصڵң
ڵҸʲôǶʲô۾ʡ
˲˲òĶү֣ͽؽˣ
鵽ʲôˣ
֪үûиҡ
()()ܵ۸𣿡
ûУүֻǽ

ⶰ¥ֿиܵȥˣ
Ҫʲô򿪣
ҺүָơͫĤԴ򿪣
ȥңվ()
ܼѾȫߣûԼʶվ()Ųֿȥ档
ֿһ¥ȽƫƧ·ûˡ
򿪲ֿ⣬ѷ˲ٶܼߵһԱߣְ˰һط
ӺܿζȻ뻺
һʸкǿĽųǰ
ܼûжóһƿҩ£þ()ϣŴ򿪣
ܼԭҪ״ֹ̬ͣǰָƺͫĤŴ򿪡
ôܴ򿪵Ҵŵģʡ
ܼһصÿҪͷүһȨޡ
֪𣿡ʡ
ܼ룬ү֪ûʶȨޣ
()

359.359 

359 
ܼҵĻ䣬ͷ治Ƕ
֤ɹŻ򿪣м׭ӰѾͣˡ
һĵ¥ݣܶŵƹ⡣
ߵףһţܼҼ֤򿪡
ܿһȽϴķǰ()һЩŶڼȥүղضõġ
ʱ()һˣ˽ҲûзӦ
첽˹ȥ˿Ȼ()()
()()ôˣһ߶ԹʣһΪ()()
˵(qng)ܼүٻղصĶʧأҸע()򶨼ܼľ˵
һ뽫ܼҴеĳ嶯ʲôʱ()()ģ
磬Ϸ˺񻹺ʲôϵϣҪҷļңүȥʹүæȥˡܼҽԼ֪Ķ˵˳
Ľһ򶨼֧Ӱ̫󣬿ҪǾע()ͻӰϵͳ˱ɵóٶۣػմ
ͷǶ()()Ӱ
ó()()˼룬óһ귺ɫСӣ֭ҺνС
Ӻ󣬻Եһ۾
ʱ㶣۾Լۻˡ
ţ־һѹô
ɫºͣ()()ҽ㣬ֹܼҵɫԣȻ㷿䷢¨ֽùܼҴˣ
㶣ô
Ҵˣʵ˵
̧ͷȥܼɫ͵վţɵ˿
ץס֣ﾡǴ(i)͵ģû£ǸͷҶΣϿ뿪ɣҪǻ鷳ˣ
()()һߣס֡
̾˿ҲߣҪһ뵽ġ
()()Ⱥңѡ
Щ(r)ÿ춼()()ϵ߽ȥũͲͬ⣬ǵԼİȫ
ͷļұһʮֵغǿҲգ
ͶĵĲ飿ҪΣգҡùúСѹܲ˵ġҲ̾˿
ЦЦҶһˣͿȴһ
վ()ûʲôһģ()()ڸߣ
()

360.360 ϴɾӵŰ

360 ϴɾӵŰ
ҿԼŮᶨģůůġ
ҡҡͷҲߣ
֪˼ʲô()()ںͷҽãлүҲסҵũһʶ˲ĸ߲㡣
Ҹо()򲡵ҩ裬߻ᱣҵģļҲƣQ˶á
ǱҲQ̫õġ
Ϣٵ۹
Ҵ£Щŵʣо()򲡵ҩ裿
ͷǰģڵоԵʵԼİȫ
ҪǲߣҲߣͷǻǿɾ߲ˣ
û뵽Ů뿪ô̵ʱȻѾǿôࡣ
ţͷ˻ŮΣˡ
ϴûͷǰ˵ũ˽˹ݷչжãѾҪռе˼
֮ǰǸ绰ڣҪǿŮӴˣԲ뿪ġ
ҲǸϵ()ӣãҺ뿪
͵͵ĴӺ뿪𣿡ʡ
ҡҡͷǾĴӴ뿪Ӻ뿪Ҳ֪϶ǱҴˡ
뿪Ƿţֲľ֡
Ц߳ļլһ̣Ҫʲôǻ
ԭʰļңǴĵߡ
ȻˣļΪĹ˾ȱˣҪͷʹ󷿿ļܣӵƶ
ȥһӰɡ
ҷŮԽԽͣﰲοͬʱ̲ס
ԽԽ㸸׵ķ緶ˣ
()ϵ·ãģ
ϲ()()ˮ£֣ţ߰ɣ
û⿪ܼҵĴ()()߳ļլĴźֶ̧Źܼҵһָ
ԭɫ͵Ĺܼ˲ָ־
ɫ˲䣬⣬⣿
ʲô
С㣬ôͷһ𣿡ܼȫ±ȵģȱʧ֮ǰļ䡣
һŽ߷ڵأôͷһʲô
תͷ()()Ҵˣũң
ߵܼǰӸ¿ֱ׵ĵôԴ()()ϴɾӵŰɣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

361.361 ȴ

361 ȴ
ܼҵı(qng)()()ߡ
ܼŷӦоǾ֮ɫ󺰣ˣˣ
ܿ죬լ˶ʮˣǶļı
סլָָܼҡ
Ҫ̫̫ߣүʹүͲˡ
ʮһ㶣ԹܼҵĻûκԥֱӳȥΧ
֮ߣҲһߣֵ͡
Ҽ״һ뿪ɣ
ЦЦ()()Ҫҵʵ
˵ֱӻȭӭһҪǰץǵı
Զڳķ忴һĻ򿪳˳ȥ
Χס˵İȭЩļһﵨ󣬾Ȼĳ֡
ͷȻܶܣɸ񶷼ȴЩͼ߿ɱȵġ
ܿ־ͽʮȫᷭڵأվŵĹܼҺܳ(r)ֵӶȫˣһɴ۾һֲš
СսȻôǿ
ᷭôߣСز¶
ǰҾ˵үͶôôСôųĺԭСǰڼǹʾء
ϾǴүʹƼңСǸʱû꣬ҪǲԼǡ˲˵仰˭֪ʲô˼
Сĸ岻ǹż壬ĸ񶷼ǵӰЩ䡣
˭˧
֪ʺʵԲͨˡ
˵СļҶϾϵ֮ñȽϺãǰţȴˣ
ļֻҪдүʹڣСԶܳͷģ
һӶĵĵۡ
ܾöûдôˣ˶ֳŹܼȥ
ܼɫѿˣС㣬㲻ܴϷˣ
ܴߣһŽٴ߷ʲôҲʸᣡ
ܼҿûٰͷ۸()()̲סֱӶһᡣ
С㣬㲻ҿүĹܼң
ǣϷˣүһŹġ
ܼҲߣֵˣòûл֮ȫ()۵Ǵ
ô꣬ǵһαôᣬԹ޺η塣
һأ㾡һӭ
һŲȵ()ϣ̲סУһҩ䵽ĿУֱӻ˶
()

362.362 ν

362 ν
ܼҾֵŲӣȻֿ˿٣뽫ҩٳ
ȴʧˣϵĸɿȣʣҳʲô
ҩԺÿ춼˯СʱԻʹ()ۡ
һҶ()()ʹ򶨼ͺú°ɡ
Ƶҩ趼ǶõģԼһܵҩЧҲܼҺһ
ܼ۵ľ֮ɫŨС㣬ǿɶүķԸ㲻ôң
ھ;ȫ()۵óûһᱻųС㱩ᡣ
߹ȥҲסң()()ϳɡ
Żͷã
ܼҼү˵һܣȥҽԺ˺üλҩʦûа취ʲô
Ҫһܺүˣʹ˳ȥ鷳ˡ
ɲʹ()վ()ҪǰסȴһɷĿ⣬ŵȫ()ѪҺ·һĺվţ˫Щ
˫s츳()Դһѹǿƣ֮սôսնɱ˲֪ٵˣ()ϵɷɢǺ˵ġ
ܼ()ֻĿ뿪
ŷӦóն˸үӴһ绰
˽ſڵļƵҪүӡ
ɾ㤵ķ֣ƵʱǱͣģպ֮ǰͷ򶷵ȳүν
־ּֿ()ʹǰһֱ˹ȥ
ϣҽܣ()()ҵѷ壬Ҳסũ
Ĵ֪ıЦ˵٣
ԼϲŮ˵()()ǰһ()ɷɢȥȥǸŵ꣬ҺǺѣԺ()()ֱӽҵְɣ
ﾪȷԼŮ̬ȣλǵ۶С˵ǰΪ˭Ӷġ
ȻôȻҲǲӣлˣ
()()ˣС˼ЦЦ
˭۸ģͲ˭ù
֮ǰΪŮ˵ͷҹϵǰοԼڿ̬ȴˡ
壬鷳㿪ȥһ𣿡
ͷû⣡
ֿ˵ҴһЩУȥûɡ
ȻŮѾɳôеҲûбҪˡ
ɫ²³()()Ҫ֪ţȥã
()

363.363 ôɺϵ

363 ôɺϵ(qng)
УڹһԴȡǱҺԴʯܶⱣչλá
չзĹ棬ҲԷűܵϣİǳǿԱ֤ÿͻ
ͫ׺ָȴ˵һ㱣չ񣬽Źɢһ()ɨ¡
ݺϢƥɹ
ʾ󣬱չԶ򿪡
ûʲôĶֻһֽʵļһv̡
ȽŵĿռɡݸ
ãӹӽ˿ռ䣬оЩϵݿ϶һ㡣
к󣬷忪ũ
ԭΪ()()ڱһңҸϲɽ佨ķӡ
סũɻʿļкüŮ()(ͦͦ)ġ
ƽҪϿΣ()()סﵹܺЩȣǾͬˡ
ǲûдļҴЩ·ζ˵Ҳνɨ䣬()()ȥ˱
֪˿϶лҪ̸Ǵк뿪ũլȥүү()()ˡ
()()һ裬֮ǰϴӸռ˳
()()ͷ(jn)ǲǺЩйأ
ҵͷǣ㳤ˣе(qng)Ҳ˽ˣԼɡ
Ҳ(qng)Ϸ
ɫżֳɫ
׺ĸ׵ʹйأͷ֪𣿡ûʳأݼͷԶӻǱȽϲͿصġ
в鵽ԭ()ĸʹйأļҩ˾˵֤ݣԼ󷿺ٵ۹Ǳҩ˾˽ϢǱļ¼
ҡҡͷͷûв롣
漴䣬ȫ()һˣǰ֪ȴһֻ㸸ĸѾˣϲǸ(())֣˺ͻ֮ôѡ񣬸ò¡
ҲıΪ޸ͷӺϱȴˡ
Ҳò¾֪ͷôѡһʼʹĵһ٣ſ϶ҪôΪڡ
̫̫ܵ()ˣ֣()()֮ǰ뿪ļңΪľҪЩ𣿡
һص㸸ĸԽԽòԾôɺϵ(qng)ĸǴı˶·ɻǱǿ͵Ϯ䡣
㸸ִʱҲð˴ǿΧⲻ©Ϣʲô
()

364.364 

364 
֮ǰʵͻԭ()ĸ׵ܲ⣬û뵽׵⡣
϶ôɵ(qng)
˵Ļ󷿻пܺǿ˹᣿
Ϣٵ۹ڴɣᱻš
ҪǺǿ˹ᣬǾ׵ֱѹҪԼʾġ
ļҴĺ˽ȴҲЩ˻˵ӦûǸӡ
бŷһɺ⣬ûǸǿޣ㸸ĸĳ·©ġ
һǱǹпܺǿ޹ᣬֻû֤ݡ
ҲôãҲûвһʲô̫˻ǿȥļһûл̾˿¶ְɫ
˵()()ʣµ(qng)ɣ
ںԭ()̳꣬˶ԷһЩ(qng)ֵõ˼ҵ()壬æӦõģ
ҿĿᶨ̾˿ãԺͽˣ
Ѿȫ˽ȥܹ鵽ôϺ֤ݶ⡣
ԭ׼ļҵĹ˾ֽţѺڳȻع˽µĹͽס
˭֪ûչжͱͷ֪ˣȻ
ԽıҲѾΪŮǿҪȥǾɡ
ҲżİȫҪġǿ
ȻΪϱ𣬿ҪŮİȫȥԸ¡
֪()()ĵģһȱԼģ˵Ȼôаѱ(qng)Ҳġ
()()ļǹٵ۹ƹǿ˶ȺͷɣҲʡñˮ
ҳĬƬ̣ãʦȥͷЭ(qng)
ûи(qng)һô꣬ͻȻҪˣżãһЩ˵Ľѡ
ҪûŮ֧֣ûͷ飬ʼĴơ
һ˵ߣҪƻ˼ҲŨ
ºСáСкһɡ˵
()()һֽѣǼʵ䣬()()ֻ꣬ȫܹҵҸͷԼ(i)Ķȥɡ
ҵͷǸú˵˵
Ůͱͷ˸(qng)ԼҪ飬ʮ**Ҳֵ֧ģôһͻȻ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~⼸pkһƼƱͺϼʱ䶨12ţ0֮󱬸ôô~~~
()

365.365 ʧȥʲô

365 ʧȥʲô
һϿ꣬ɫv̡
()()ʲôҲ֤ݣ
ҡҡͷ˵֤ݣĸģ㲻СŪˣҰæ档
˵Ժҩʦ·ͽv̸㣬ѡרҵǾͲøˣҲ²ǹҩݡ
ǰͷ֪˵ʱ(to)ҪvҪߣûᡣ
䱻ۼķκȥпһչҲʹvûͷʹ
㶣û뵽Ȼԭ()ĸµġ
ԼȥɣȻѾо()򲡵ҩ裬˵ҩ츳ѷɫĸףԺҲ·һǱȽοġ
ʵϣŮƽƽĹһûӣ̫ƽܵ۸رǻд󷿻ڵԽԽǿܺã
ͷãҾˣ
ŸùáС˵绰()()Լӵũ
˶⣬ϲڵ۶ϻ档
()()һᣬ¶ƣ֮ɫסϢ
˽ɨɾҾʲôҲµĽȥü£ȽϷҵϲá
صvóն鿴
Ȼصȫҩĸݺ䷽ԭ()ĸоҩĵá
ȫһǳѹֶԷǰܳΪ֪ҩʦȷʵмˢӣ츳Ķȱֻϧ˲絼Ӣš
ԭ()ĸ·߱й¶ļҴ󷿲⣬Ӱ϶ǱѵĴͷӦõòľ·ߡ
صһҩ䷽Ҳԭ()ĸ׳ҩʵҩΪ˲Сףļҩ˾ĸҩ
ҩ䷽ûǺӦÿԭеĻϸƣǰúֵܻĺ֢Чá
ҩ䷽˵һԸļҵļƻ
һ()ֱӽļҴݻٶû˼ҪһļΣǽѰԲ˯š
ȻһʧȥӵеĲƸȨǳʲôûУܾǰм֮˵İۺ۸ٽθ졣
̫ˣ𵽱ãԷԽʧȥʲôʧȥʲôܴﵽĿġ
()

366.366 

366 
ҪӸϴļҵҩ˾ȻҪǿҩ˾
뽫ȵĹ˾ų
һȵҩ˾оĿȽ϶࣬ҩࡢҩ衢ݻָҩ鲻ʱܵҩ
ҹɭݵǩԼѾܴˣʱڲ̫ˣԵĶӣս˧ӣҲܻᱻҩ˾ż
Ҳϣ(qng)ϱӡ
˽˹½Ʒ룬
漰ҩ(qng)úͷкһϾڿǶԷҩ˾Ĺʡ
ȻʺͰ󶨵ҩʦͬȫɵķ롣
˵()ӣȴһƵ绰
û˽ӣ׼Ҫҵ绰һ()ԡ۵ķȳƵӸϴ
£
Ц˵ţҶе(qng)ڷ𣿡
ߵɳ£Լһ֮ǰõ(r)ȣس(ͦͦ)ģ˵ɡ
ͽҪԸļҵ(qng)˵һ飬ͬʱ˵ԼĴ㡣
û뵽ĸȻļйأ뵽ԼܵܵжҲǱй¶·ߣо⡣
½ƷƷһҩ˾ܲãҪȫԡ
ڵҩ˾Ȼֻ𲽣ʵҪļҵĹ˾׾١
Ȼǲ֣Ǿʹ׼ԱȻΥԸ
һҩ˾һֱо()ʵҩǰѾɹֻǷ۵ҩеҩɷֱȽϰߵǸ߶·ߡ
ȶ˶˵ļߵеͶ·ߣʵһҩ()۱ȺȺ˵϶ȵһ˾רĸ߶ҩ׬Ǯ͸
һ˾ǲеͶҩֻ䷽һֱûо½ƷԻӭš
Щ˽ģ˷ȵĻ
ţлл磡
Цлʲô֮䲻ÿ
ˣ½ƷϲȣԴпȥϲʳʲôģҲ͵ȥ
ȼѣԺҲֻһκᣬȴùϵбҪǼһĻȨ½үӻߡ
ҩ˾⣬˽»չһеĲҵԺҪʲôûеĶ߲Լ۶ȫæ
()

367.367 ĿĲ

367 ĿĲ
ȽԼˣҲ˲ŻὫֻм֪(qng)˵
ڻ᲻ᱻ½Ʒǽţһ㶼ģƷ
ӣʮ**ܳΪϱҲϣԼܷչãǽԼҩ˾̫˽ˡ
оõȵԴϲҵһ㣬Ͽ˾ͻᱻůĶԴǼһ
ãģ
ڴʱһŮӲԶ𣬡٣ϴˣ
漴ͷҲǱ߻˻Σһԡ۵Ů˹
Ůһ߹ʹɳĺִڷȵļϡ
ӽǣͶһʮ޴ŵƵĿ⡣
Ů㶣ǾŮڷȵķ䣬û뵽ȻŮˡ
ʶŮˣǰһ¥Ǳ߸˹Ӱ鵽һЩϢоŮ˺ӰһԷƬ
ȻӰѣŮ˵()Ҳûô򵥡
û뵽ȻܹԼɻںƵء
ûж¶ȣ˵ϴͻԼķɡ
Ů()һ٣˵˵ɣ
üͷֽͷ࣬ãԼķ䣡
ŮӼ״򴽣վ()Щ(qng)Ըĵͷã
ҲԽĶ뿪ʱĿ˿Ƶ۵״Ĳϲ
ɫĻؿһۣȾ˿Ůת()뿪
ȹŵЦŶͣιµŮ飬ٰ췽߰ŵġϴˣԹ¡
Ҫƽ϶£ǵ۶ķӣʱŮŮѡ
óŮ˵񣬲ûŮ֮ϲȽ䵭
磬ðһ䣬λŮ⣬Ů𣿡
һ㶣û뵽ôʣϾ֪ǸϲְԵˡ
ֻŮ飬׷ңһûͬ⣡
ƽϲģԾٰ췽ͽŸŮˡʵ˵
ǲʲô⣿ʡ
Ҳûڵһ¥ӰҲĸ֮ǰˣкܴ⣬󱳻һҲ鵽(qng)иղŵŮӺӰһԹƬ
˽ӽĿĲѡ
Ц֪ˣллѣϢҺá
Ů˱Ҫˣúúڣ˵дջȻǷҵСǡ
ҲҿͳɣЦ
˵˼͹ҶƵ
()

368.368 㹻

368 㹻
һ绰ĹùҪũϾլԷ
³˼ҳˣʱѾˡ
Ц߽ĳԽԽˣζ㣡Цùùóҵգ
ϴ֣һ߳Էһ졣
ңϲĲˡ
ѹҪ˽˹ݣƾգûһʦܺġƽֻ԰ɽȴų롣
ҪǾķǾҼ·ϵĿǰ̾
Ҵ(i)Ц˵֣ɱżʣܳǸ
òʱ˶ûļҵ(qng)극ȥһ衣
ԭ
Ҳûαңұע()򶨼(qng)˵һ顣
Ų豭ֽ˽ŭ̫ˣȻô㣡
޸ŮԲˣǸС(i)޵ˣ()޲ܵүǰȥָһ١
ʧЦҺûи(qng)һҲû˱ȣҲûҪõ(i)
һ(i)öģ
֮ԺүӣֻΪϲӣ֮ûͷ
()()ͷ飬()()ᣬɲΪͷļۡ
۾һԣ飬顣
һֱĸ׵Ļ̫ˣȴûĸ׻顣
ǸѪĸ׾Ȼ(jn)ĸףһҪ룬ĸ׽ҵԼҸ
ůůģ۶ŮŮվԼһߵģ㹻ˣ
Դĵ˵ļ֤ݣͷӦòͬġ
ߵĵֻҪҲ飬ǾͰ(qng)ֱִȥԺҪ𣿡
()()֤ȥ飬ͷһӦġ
鲻ǵ⣬ͷҪǿӲŲӦ(qng)ִҲһ룬()()Ժܶ۵ѹ
ͷϵˣǾȥɺˡ
ǱȽεģֻǻЩģ֤ȥǲ̫ˣ
֤ûˣٲҸǣȴüޡ
˵ռ֤ݺͰ⵹ļҵ(qng)ͽɡ
˵˲ٹ(qng)ĬƬɫºͣã¾ͽˣҪҵĵطܿڣһ㣡
ʱ϶ҪùǸʦѰæ黹ǵļҵ(qng)볶()()
ͷû⣬ȥϵ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

369.369 ܸȤ

369 ܸȤ
û뿪ũȥ˰ɽķס
Դ(i)˱үǿвɢֱļҳ޾񣬲Ǳ̤լ
ǰ費Ը뿪լȥʱͱȽ٣ֻƵϵ
Ҳʱˡ
ˣرͼɳϷ
ˣ̧ͷ
߹ȥ£ǰùýҲũס
ļҵ(qng)ôˣ֮ǰҲʡ
(qng)˵һ飬ȻҪæ
ü۴Цʲôæ
ļҷµ֤ݣ鷳æȥϸ飬ʱҪš۾˵
Ҫõһ¥ĻԷṩ(qng)֤ݣҲ޷ָء
ǵļұһͷǵޣֻˡ
ЦŰڰ֣Сһ׮ϾͷԸȥٲ֤̽ٶȽ֤ռȫĽ㣡
֧רŸľӢСӣҪҶҵŮпܻᱩ¶ССļҾֵ
ôҪļһƤ붯ˣֻˡ
˿Ц⣬
ҲҪСļұһǲֻϢٵ۹ǿ˹ᡣ
ͷţһСĵģ
ļұҲȽϾ裬ĴڻвԲܷŹˡ
ڶһ磬ͣ()()͹ùһԡ
Լһȥ¥ϡ
ͺ˻ѧУ
磬½Ʒ˵绰֮ǰ˽˹ݶԷġ
ܿ죬½Ʒ崩װڰ칫ҵͶӰ֡
ŵЦݣСãû뵽ҵ绰
Ц˵ʵҲû뵽ôҪϵ½ˡ
ϵңӦòֻǴкô򵥰ɣ½ƷЦʡ
ҲȦӣ½ܺӦûȤ
½ƷûнĻǷʣð£ôûȥҷȵĹ˾
ʵ˵Ϊ漰ҺļҵһЩ˽£ҺͷǺѣԲ뽫ǣ
ԭˣ½Ʒ׵Цô˵ҵǺܸȤƵ绰Ҳ˵ȻԼʱ͵صϸ̸̸
˵ļйأ²³һĺĿġ
()

370.370 Ҳ̸̸

370 Ҳ̸̸
Цŵͷ
Ҳôģ½Ҫʱ䣬ȥҵ˽˹һ
ðǸ˽˹ݿԤԼˣҽʱ䣡½ƷҲȥԤԼˣϧһܵİ䶼˳ȥ
ϸ˲飬ȫǵ۶Щͷ̫̫Ƕģǲ
Լ͹˵绰
¿Σͷһȥ˽˹ݡ
ûиȥ̸ñӵ᲻ʶȤ
үԼżԷȥүӵİ䡣
½Ʒ嵽˽˹ʱûȥӣ˽˷ר䡣
վ()ЦŽͣ½ܣΪ˲뵽ǵĺҾֻڰˣ
ôļһǱ׼ʱͻᣬڲʺϱ¶½Ʒĺϵ
½Ʒ΢ЦҶСºܽܺã
òͰɣ˵Ƹ½Ʒ壬½ܿʲô
˽˹ÿ춼ƳʮɫˣÿĿ˿ȫѡҲѡȴԼˡ
˽˹ݵһɫò͵ÿ춼´ʲôɫĺڴбĵ
˽˹ݵĹ½ƷҲ֪Žľֽʲ˵
˵ȫֽʲҳĲ˲ӡȥǻȥģֹζҲǳɫҲ˻ܸ
ò£϶ģϴ͵ȫ̡
һʮŮʱʱ˾ϲ
һԷͷͳϲˡ
Ϊǹ̶ĲˣǱѾ׼ˣһʱͶ˽
½ƷĽȽϸ񣬱Ƚעʳ޲ĬĬĳԷҲڹ۲Է
½ƷǺܺã˹ĲȴҲֹŰ͡
½Ʒ巢ĲǺܵλ͸һŹɲļС̵ܽóġ
Ӧĸ׽̵ģԹżͱȽˡ
ͣ˿ȣһ½Ʒ塣
½ƷſȵζӶ˶¶ڴӹһڡ
⿧Ⱥãֻһڣϲζˣ漴̾ǹŵʱڵĿȰ
Ц˵½Ҫϲһ㼸У
ãҾͲˣ½Ʒ岻ǽ(qng)ˡ
ֺһڿȣЦʣҺʲô
㣬Ҳ̸̸ˡ
()

371.371 ͶԵ

371 ͶԵ
𿧷ȺһڣɫС
ĸµĸʵ䷽о£ܽƵĸõĺ֢׶˿˷ЧԭһԭϵĳɱԼֻʮ֮һҡ
ԭĵ½Ʒֱ()ӣҺҩ
ͷ򣡡
½ƷЦҺܸȤ˵˵
ֱ׵˵ҾһҪҩİٷ֮۳ҩݣԴʯҲС
ڶļҵҩ˾׵ֿƲ
½Ʒ˼Ƭ̣ûж⣬ñ֤ҵҩ䷽˵ЧҲй¶ҩ˾߸ˣǵǩһԼ
ǵȻģָҩֻ֪䷽Ҳ֤⴫ҩ˾˴ȥģǾͺûϵˣдԼ
˶˵һһҪʱҪоҩңԺʲôʱ򹫿ѡ񡣡
ڻǸϲģҪǹĻ϶ܶ˶ϣǿˡ
½Ʒ嵹ǱȽҪ˼һתЦЦĿʣҩ˾ݻָҩҪͶг࣬Ҳ䷽ɣ
;֣ȹ˾ûʲôҩʦôôͻƺͶ
һͷҿʼӴʱ䣬ͶԵˡ
֪һ֪ҩģͿ϶뵽ȹ˾Ƴҩҩ࣬Ҳѡʱ¶ԭ
½֪ͺãȰæ£
½ƷЦȻǺϵȻ㱣ܡ
ҪԺĺ㾡ܿҡ
ҽҩǸţǹҽĴߣֻϧȷء
ҲȽĸףϧԷȴΪսȥļҵҩ˾ȴûø³
ͷû⣡
ԤףǺ죡½Ʒ֡
ֺգԤףǺ죡
½Ʒʣʲôʱʱ䣿ǰѺԼǩˡ
ҰҪϿΣ϶ʱ䣬߰źʦϵҡص
½Ʒ룬Ҵ绰ʡ
ã
½Ʒվ()ʦһ绰Էպýʱ䡣
ʣ𣿡
ԣǩ֮Ҿͽ䷽㡣
ҲϣϿʵȻļҡ
()

372.372 ˭ô

372 ˭ô
½ƷԸʦⶨúԼ˽˹һȡ
һߺȿһġ
ǽ˺ϵٺСȽϼ⣬ҺСΣ
½Ʒ巢ȻͲ󣬵ȴȽϲѧʲôܸĽ࣬ϲԨָгˡ
ðЦŵͷôƺأ
½ƷЦзȶ磬ұֱͽ½ɡ
ʮֱ׳꣬ͺҲʡ
½壡
죬ԺлǾ
½Ʒ֮ǰҩ˾һЩеļ˼غͷɢ˼·
Ҳ(ͦͦ)ϲ½Ʒ죬ʮֵĲѧԶں
һᣬ½ƷʦźԼ˽˹ݡ
˫ȿһ飬Ҫ˵ʦļ״ǩԼƵݣύȥҲ˷ЧӦ
Ҳµҩ䷽½Ʒ壬()Ҳһҩʦһ䷽Ч
ȵãһôǱš
ɫǩԼ֮½Ʒһ뿪˽˹ݡ
ȥ¥µһ䡣
Ϸůɫĵƹ()ϣĿữ˼֣˶һůϢ
ű߿֪Ϊʲôĵһָпһʱʱȴĸо(ͦͦ)
̧ͷЦʣ̸ˣ
ǰүүˣûж
վ()˹ˣһͷԼȥء
ˣǶԽĲɫ⣬˵Ҫ
һĬ߳˽˹ݣ(ͦͦ)õģӭ
ͷǾòͣԺٲ۾˶ӦòҲ硣
˵ҲļҵͬʱٰҲӰӶ˵иʲô׷ʱȥԼᡣ
һǺĸ׵֮һôҲټңȥˡȾһ⡣
ЦãҪǲǸȾͺˣǿԱһýñӣǻ᲻ᷴĿ
ͷļ򣬡뵽һ𣡡
年˹(qng)ǳ죬û취˭ôģ
ע˽һ԰
⻰ֻﲹ䣬
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

373.373 û뵽ô

373 û뵽ô
ڶԼôȥѧУ
ŵѡ޿Σֻʦ˽()߻һȥзںߣһ࿡ӡ
ˣڳĲѧ̲סһ
ԴϴκԼҽͨ˽⵽Ǽֹ֮Ҳȥϲ˲˽
ڹᶼнܣǹŵַĴʦҲֹĸ᳤żߵĵλ
ǹŵĴʦ֮һȫǼӵӴķ˿ʮܻӭ
Ҳû뵽ʦȻλˡ
ʦЦݵĿ˿ڣλ˵Ϊŵ֮ҲǼֹĸ᳤
λǹŵֵĴʦŴҶλİ
Ҳڲ²⣬λģɻĲǡ
Ŀ䵽()ϣ˵λǿϵƵǰġ
⻰ڳѧǶʮֵĽ
֪ѡ޿ϣĹƵ˷ŵϣתϵӣ󾹻(r)ѱ졣
ȴû뵽ǶƵ˴ʦʦĹעΪѧУоǲ˼顣
˵ϴżִ(i)ЦݣǿǶιƵͬѧڹϵ츳ܸߣһ
ǵʦ˵ùһŵʱڵûдкˣҪͬѧ࣡
ֻǲ֪ͬѧ鲻⣿Цʡ
ϴЦȥȽϵݣ·ܳŵִʦעһС¡
⣬Һλǰ
ǶƵѾ˿ܻᱻǼֹ߹ע׼ֻû뵽ô졣
ĻǾͬѧʼɣЩȲˣԹʮֵĳԣᵯãȴһ˵ڴС
ŵʱڵϧڼǧıǨд󲿷ʧֵҲٵֻܷڲչʾ
Ҳû뵽Ȼйãһᵯŵʱڵʮ˵Ǿϲ
Ȼǰ֮ǰΪ˴꣬ϣûаһˡ
˵Ҳǲ뷨ͬѧɣ
ʦ˵һŵλãͬʱͷʾԿʼˣһԼҪ˷ܺͼ
()

374.374 ⻹ÿ

374 ⻹ÿ
ʦǵһôĺλʦӴȫմĹ⣬ϣӡ
ִμӹݳӿռｫԼ˳Ȼı˽̨
̨һӣ¡
ҾΪλһŵʱڵʮɣ
һ۾ĿоڴС
ңǳǰĽս·һֺܼҵսʿ£Ϣּ١
֮սƴɱź֯ġ
ͻΧо׷ᣬһα׳ָȻֹ
һڳ˰춼ûзӦȫֽ׳ս(())سǡ
()ΪսӸȽŲԶŵһﾡ˵ĳ(r)
ϲŮӣĺý
ӣ̲סֹ̧ơ
ƣҲ˴֮ǰ˳ͬĸŹ
ģֻڳѧ˵Լͬعơ
оǼƲס˷ܣû뵽ԭõʮĶǣǶȫþò԰Ρ
Ҳ˵ڹŵϵ츳õɫҲһĺá
һסʮ̫ˣ˵վ()̾
ͷݵϴе֮ɫ𺳵Ĺͬѧõã
΢Цλʦˣ
˵ЦϽ̨ʮϵ룬ͬѧڹϵܸߣ֪ûȤǼֹأ
ѡ޿εĵʦѧǾ˾Ǽֹɲ˭ģܹģ˴ʦǳš
û뵽᳤Ȼֱӿ֮࣬ĪľȻʵ̫ˡ
ĬƬЦ˵ܿ𣿡
ʦڳѧ˳ǣǲɵ⻹ÿ
Ǽֹǲֻܶһ𣬻һҫ
˵һ㶣漴ЦĹŵ˲ǷǳҪģϣͬѧһҪ¡
ڳͬѧ̲סһĽҪǻֱͬˣԥġ
̫ȵסˣ()ûȡ
()

375.375 ˯˾ͷ

375 ˯˾ͷ
ûͬ⣬ҲҪ˵˵θڣ׼ȺԼҽϵͨһͨ
㻹ܳɹǼֹᣬѡ룬˵ܴĻˡ
û¶κΰɫżǫѷУһ濼ǵģҲлǰϿɺ룡
ƽǺ˼빫ģʵϲý츳Ҫ˷Ǿ̫ϧˣ
˵˶˵۹һֽᣬǼʱȽִ֪ʦǰ뿴㽫ǹŵʱڵ
˼ȥμ𣿡
԰ĵҪ㣬㵯ģҲǿһΪǹŵ⡣
ôԸԸΪһأҲǼʶǵĹŵ
˵֮ǰȥִʦĴʦȥҪȥùٺÿ϶ˡ
ɫûжٱ仯ȴ˿˯˾ͷ
ֽȥ۹ͽܼ˰
Ȼǰ˵ˣ벻μδ̫ʶ̧١
Ц˵Ըȥμӽᣡ
ͬѧˬ죬Ϊ(qng)͸ȥԡ˵ԸμӣϵЦ
Ҳ¶һЦݣҺڴ㽻ϵı֡
ȻĿĿеãǿ䱦һ㣬ҿ𣿡
ܴ󷽵Ľõݸã
óλʦǽŵ(i)˹Ҳ˿ŹŻӣûκռУֻеϲ
ǱȽһȽϴˡ
ӹãָ˼ң(i)֣
ܹõкݻлԺлһд轻¹
΢ЦãҲڴʦ
˵ն˺ţ֮ϵģȻ빫ֽܵȻеϣ뺯Ǳ߻Ჹ㡣
ҲѧԺ٣ܾͺһǰ۹ɡ
ͷã鷳ǰˣ
˵һӣ(qng)ʮֵĺãЦݣ鷳һָСѾͷٴθҴϲأ
ˣǲӰϿˣ֮ϵɣ
ãλǰߣ
ʦҲվ()Ľͳ˽ңŴڲסļصҡ
()

376.376 Уеĵһ

376 Уеĵһ
ʦ߽ңѾصԭλ
ͬѧѧԺһλǼֹѧ
Щ״ΣԣӦѧԺĵһѧǵڶѧԺĽ
ŵʦ˼Ц˵ллʦޣһŬġ
ãܺãʦڴܽı֣ٺöȥ
ţһģͷ
ʱ䣬ʦǿԼ侲˳ôһ͡
տʼʱвѧʼ¼ƵҲͬ
¿Σϱ˵ǼֹƵͱŵϡ
֮ǰϹһ(r)ѣٹŵ(i)߶ע
Ƶһŵϣܿ˰򣬼֮˵λ᳤룬ܿٴ(r)ѡ
ֻ(r)ѣͷš
һλǼ˹ļУһþ
Ѹٰռ˸ҳҳڱȽĿλá
û취ʵΪһǼ˹УǸȽϴͷ
Ƶ˵ȥμֽĳ棬ֻҪעֵ˶֪ΪֽᣬʵҲһִ֮ʦǵĽ
ǰĽᣬߺִʦͷ˵ȽϿ綼̲סصע
ҲΪһʮ׵ˣܶ(i)߶
𺳣ϴĹУҺϲ
Ҳϲϲиζ
̫ˣôֹܽתҪ
һǼֹУܵ󣡡
ʧȥsɱǷϷŷˣȴչԼļֵĺ־
ȷʵ־ԺֻǷǸ˵ҲǸ˵ϣֽΪ⣡
һӿʲôɣǼ˾Ǵʦţȥ˲⣬Ǳ˵̫ˣ
ϣԽʧԽ˵ֻᵯһоҲô
ˣҲ˼ȥμǼֽᡣ
ڴҲһЩõۣܿвٺˮϡ
һֱˢ(r)ѣЩӣɫ˳˸ϢˣˮҲܡ
ˮͺӶ磬ڿº˶Էid䱳Ŷ˳ȥܡ
ҺԷǻˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~ܴţԴԭĸĳɡҪѧˣǻԭǸͼѰңôô~~
()

377.377 ͨ

377 ͨ
֪Ϊȥܣص֮͸Ƶ绰
ڿ޻Ƶ磬˲˿õЦ⡣
òԶɳϱ濴ļʵ͵粶׽ˡ
ܿƵͨΪ˲绳ɾûлط䡣
ˣӷ£ͶӰ֡
ϴƵҲûϵʵ߶ϵͳӣ诵()ݱȽУƵĶϵ
Ҳ֮˷ǾϵӶעòʲôõͷһֱš
Ƶ⣬ɳϻ磬ˣ诽㣡
ҿ(qng)ǲʲôϢҪҷС说ģʮֵĬϬ
ĵЦ˵ǰҽѧУһȻǼֹĸ᳤롣
ܻ۹μֽᣬ˵л诽㣬Ҿ̲ס绰ˣ
⻰۾˲̫ˣ
֮ǰǼֹ룬һԲʶ˺ģȻˣҲɣǱѯһΣǴ𸴡
ֽᣬǺúõĽ£(ͦͦ)ϲġ
û뵽ôܺüˣü
ЦŵͷððʱǿԳģҲϲ㵯ĺܺ
Ҳϲ㵯Ĺ٣رζĲĻޡ
ʵҲǷĵģ˶Լҽġ
˼䣬ʣ诽㣬ʲôԵҿԴũ㡣
Ե(ͦͦ)࣬˹˵Ĳ˺ζи㣬Ҫʱҳ԰ɡ说ľԼķ˺͸㡢Ʒˡ
ȾЦݣðʱҴʳԣ
һ㶼ҶϣԱиµ磬֮ϵͳļأ˵˼Լܼ棬Ƶ͹ˡ
ϾͿܺü棬(qng)ܺõĺСӼ޻
̲סʣϲŮ
Ȼػص԰Ưϲرϲ
ҿ(ͦͦ)ĵģʶ˺ܾһԼĸо
ɫ䣬ʺܺã磬˸ͷֲˣ±˲顣
˵죬֪¶˴˵׽Ĭ
()

378.378 ǿ벻

378 ǿ벻
诲绳ɡ
Ҳʶ˺ܾһ˵Եְ
絹ûлʲôֻѵÿ诶˭ôϲ(r)(qng)
ԷǸŮҲûʲôóζġ
ţҲǰڼﱻųѵʶһ̸ѣŻôˡ
ཻҲãǼԷԴǼ֮һֱ綼ǳ䵭һֱѰһỺ͡
Ϊ(qng)ãҲ󷽵ֱ׵ðʱŮ죬ڣǿɷŲ
кܶ໰Ҫ˵ڲ㡣
żԼûвóʧЦУҲѵطøǣ
ŮҲûȤ漴ʣҪǼֹˣ
԰Ҽ˴Ҳи顣ֹᣬôöӴ
Ҳͬ诼ǼֹᣬǸܴļӷһͺ()ΪӣȻϲųԼĹʡ
ҲЩ诵˿ʵ㡣
Ҳ˵ཻܶѡ
诵ͷţҲûпܣ
ͷԲ˵
ԭ뽻̸Ҳֻжϣص̾˿ʲôʱǲܺͺã
滳֮ǰǸ()Ӷ˵诣ֻŬģ֮ǰĲ졣
ڶѧԺ
绰óնϰ()ˢҳ
ʱŵȻǱȽϹעģֻû뵽һˢˢ˹Լš
ŷٴ(r)ѣ˸վͷ
˵õƵͱǼֹ(qng)վ()ݱȫ˳
ûпʲôõĶһ浹͡
Щ⣬֮ǰһ(r)ѣûٱ²ۡ
вԣϣһǲƵȻջ˴ķ˿
ǲִ΢֮ǰûпܶôҪҲ뽫ŵַǴżζȥǲ
ǲʱѾսϣЩˮŶվȫˡ
˳ϵҵĻʹЩ־֮У֮ǰܵĽס
ŶרΪ׷ģҲźһֶ֧Էпǽá
׵ӻһδεĲ磬֮ǰҪ˳߲Ϣ
˭һȻǿ벻̣
()

379.379 Ҳֻв

379 Ҳֻв
ҪǻƽֱӾʹȥ׵ᱩԷһˡ
ƻļƻǿס˵ĳ嶯
˸Ƶ绰
ǲѡͷ񣬷Ƶ绰ͽ˽
£
ͷҲ鵽˵㶫˵˵
Ҫȥɢ֮ǰϯ˵ѧУ(qng)¶ϲȥɢͻȻ¡
㻹֣һ(qng)һɢžɢ֮ǰŭ
£ͬˣУһѧУĺ߼
ãһ˵绰֮()ȥһ(to)·
ƽϿζҪУϵǿԴװ(to)װȥȽ˧
УֱȥѧУ޵˹һľС·Աǻ԰ʺԼɢ
վں߿һϣ·Ů̲ס顣
ûл·У˼ӵִ
ʱϦ£ϼںϲԺƯԶվŵ˧ȴ˵
߹ȥЦ˵(ɧɧ)
һ()ϣɵִͷʰٷ֮٣(ɧɧ)
ӣû취˭ҳô˧
һۣɫ㻹Ⱦ
߰ɣɢɢ֮ǰѾü(qng)ˣҲվںߡ
ͷУôãҾ߰ɡ
˲߽С·͵˵ƬȻŵУϣһ(r)
ѧԺѧ󲿷Ҳ϶Ϊһˣٹϵ򵥡
һᣬʣ鵽ʲôˣ
صѡ޿ϵõƵŵϣȻܿͳӣҷ˹ˮ㣬Ȼȥϸ˲顣
˭ģ
Щȣû뵽ôƽͣԭǷĹ͡
룬ǽ𣿡
Цãôôһء
ʼ磬һô˵Ҿֻ뵽ˣϾǰ(qng)Ҳᳵ·
ô죿Һܲˬֱ׵˵
һĲˬʲԾɢ
ЦǾȥɣ
£ˣע𣿡
עעɣοԹᡣ
ˮҵ֤ݣеİɣԭ׼ݾߣɽ()Ҳֻвˡ
()

380.380 ҫֻ

380 ҫֻ
ڽױ˻οѾνˡ
֮ǰöֲ꣬ҲЩ˿ʲô³
֪ǸƢȻУ
УǾȥ׵ᣬһٰɡҲˡ
һЦ⣬ԽԽˣߣ
˳ֱȥһ·ϾѾ鵽˽סĶ
ֱ˹ȥţŵĲǽףһѡ
վŷ˾
漴СؿŷЦʣ٣Ҫ𣿡
𣿡һ֮ǰǰ˳ģȻŰ¶
ڣȥ˹ʡ
嵭ĵͷȥаɣ
ת()¥һ̶ҵһ
״ЩЦУˡ
㡣
ЦЦѧУûвҵˣҪɢɷȾˡ
һۣΪһ
ǲӦøеңЦ
һصͷȻˣҫֻ㣡Խܾˣ
һѣ
ܿ죬׾͸һ¥
ſվŵķĵĽ˹ȥ
٣ңԷ̬Ȼ㹧
̧Ⱦ͸һţޱȵۿԼʲô֪𣿡
׸û뵽һͱߡ
̫ˣҿû㣡Ŷŭɫ
ž廹û˵ָ̧һ⣬ûǵǵˣ
(())˾͸ͣ
ȫˣСһαȶ⣬˲ֺڣȼյŭ⣬Ǳ̫ʲôʱǵˣ
뻹֣()ֻbʶ֣֪ԼĶֻ֣ҧţŨ
˭(())Ц˵⻰Ŷԡ
Һ㲻ʶ죬ȴˮϺң㵹Ǹҽͽͣ
һҪһңûţ
׵ٴԲϣҲ֪˵ʲô
ˮ֤Ѿõˣ㲻ûϵȴҪΪԼ(qng)ۣͬЦ
ϾˣΣ
Ŵ̧ͷһֱţ۵׻¶˿ޣҪʲô
һŽ߷ڵأֱж˵㣡
()Сˣ浱()ı˲֪
Ҳ뿴Ǹ֪ԼĶӱˣ᲻зӦ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~0֮ϼܣȻʼ׶ôô~~~
()

381.381 ڲͬ

381 ڲͬ
ƽһŵȻģɹȴ˿ڷİͺ
Ҳˬʱͻᶯ֣һȳԺԻҪ
׵ľaƽҲҪԶΪǸսİնûȡ
ֻƬ̾ͱñһţҧ°ͲԼҽгоǺ⡣
׵Ҳ((Ʊ))ˣǸû뵽ô׺ȻһԲϾͿᡣ
Сؿ˿Ա߻ķ壬̲ס̾治ǺУһȵŮˣи()
ڳְｭף붼ûУԶϣǾҳأӿû
˵ֵȥҲᣬʡʡɡ
Ǻͽ׵Ĺϵƽһ㣬Ǻϲ()ָ߰ѣᣬǷûá
ĻѾˣױҲҵģ˼ʶȻˮȥ˼ңȫв
Ҳ˭ŵģ֮˼ҲȥǲǵںԼȥ
һֱûнţ˲춯ѧ˳Ȼͼ˵ĳ档
̲סȥ崿˵ģףУԵ۹ڲͬ
òˣ֣ͣȻŽ׵ıſڵϡ
ԺƵҼһһΡ
֮ǰ⳯Ž׵˼ţ֪Ӱ֮᲻ۣ᲻ᰴͲס
һ¥ʱһֱڲ齭úӰûûʲô˵Ļ̺αװҪץסıӲס
ҪѰͻƿڣӰĸӿɣܲ߳
ն˰ѽ׵ĲһţȻ󷢵Уϡ
Լѧֵ½ѽˮ֤ݷȥƬһ仰
˵ˣƵһһΣҲһ
ſڵϵͷûܹ裬ȫ()ʹվվʹȫ()
ҧͷĶҾǿ㣬һѾ䵽dķʲôʸѧϰҩҩѡ޿ξǻȡ裬᲻ҩˣ
ֻܽΪʲôԲܱ¶ӰĹϵһ۵㣬Ҳñ֪ġ
Ǹ~~ϵͳ̨ſԸ½ڣӳ˰Сʱ~~ʼ׶ôô~~~
()

382.382 Ҳ

382 Ҳ
׵ĻЦ
ôȥԷ塢ϯǣǽ¶𣿡
⻰Ҳ̫ͬûˡ
һﲻˬЩҩֱѡ޿εģȴˣֻûб׵ľӲ˷С
֮ǰеݣȴĪľӦ
Ƚ˵Ȼɽˮҵ(qng)ô(r)(i)ҩΪҩϵһˣĩԾͿ˭Ƿɡ
һϲʵȻ׾ԼҩǵڶѧԺһˣͽȥҲ
ҧгݵ˵ãҪĩҩԲͶԽ(qng)ҵǸ
յ裬һҪӱ
Ҫ֤ĸһҩʦҲǿ
ǹҽĴӦ̳Уķûʸ
УӦĺˬ죬漴һתҪԳɼң͵ҩѡ޿ȫͬѧѧаɡ
ǸʲôҪһȻҪ
׸ҩҩϵĵһйù˽¸ﻹǸŮ˸ҩĲݸĵú䷽Ӯûκ
Լһ֣Ĺҩѡ޿ΣĪڴ
ãΪԼ䣬ѧʲôĸܣǾʹӦˡ
ŽŵģǷ̵Ĺ˹ϣڣ
ͿεȫѧУ֮ҪǻڵڶѧԺûûƤĴȥ
ӰȻұѣпǺԭ()ĸ׵֮һôҲȳ˱ζʹ()ʲôζ
˵ԼͬȻ󷢵ϡ
ǡҺܿѧˣ
ǰʵϲϹƵ˵֮ǰ³ȥ˺ӣͻȻҲ(ͦͦ)ġ
ҩˮƽʮģҪQ裬ͰԷȫУ˶֪¡
Ժѧ˹УôѧУȥ
Ҫǽ׺޳ܵĻţеǰ취õжԷһ
ò˵뷨ֲıˣѾʼ˲˵ܺĵһĬ
()

383.383 ͷ⣿

383 ͷ⣿
ƵУϣ˺ܶ˵(r)顣
˵ϻѧУ(r)Ż⣬ѧУƽͷѧôע(qng)ѧҲ֪һ
ȻûôҩϵһҲ֪ȵġ
Լܴ̼ѧһ׼Ϸ
ȻʵǲģϾҪսѡ޿Σ϶׵Ӯ
ҩѡ޿Σױ()ҩϵģǳɼõģ̫Կˡ
ǿû˵ҩ㶮ҲܳһĽףĶĸоûж
Ҫǻˣ(r)ֵѧ϶У̳䳰(r)ˡ
ɻǾͲˡ
µĻǷȥˮܱڳУάǾУҲ϶ᱻڳģǿɲҵУԡ
ΣսɲǴģһԲϾͿѾһˣ˸ûл֮Ϊ򲻹Ի̰ɡ
Ҳ˴۵صǿϷ²⽭Ӯ󣬻˿˶ľ֣ѧѺעܿյ(r)ҵĻӭ
Ҷͷ⣬ѧȥѹӮ꼶ѧѧ㡣
ȻҲ֧ߣλѡϯˣкϵսѡ޿κѡ޿εһѧ
ЩܲӮʵûףǸе֧־Բ١
ˮһ޺ϯ廹ȥѧУ̳³Ϊҡź()صҲȥʵޡ
УԾ͸˵ˣȫǺ޲ȫ˶֪ʵ֧ߡ
˭ҪǾǺȥҪʲôҲȥ̳ϣֻ˽˵˵
Ľ޵Ů˼ȴҲֻܸĽ£õİ¹ɰ롣
ˣָһͨ(qng)ͷٹܵſŵĽףת()뿪ˡ
뿪忪ڵϳԵе㱥ȥɢɢɡ
ղŶû˵仰ˣٻζ£
ЦһУҰƽЩˮֲ鵽ĻʹķϣҾȥߣ
üЦǷҵϢԽԽˣԺָˣ
Ȼְɣﲹһ䡣
Ʋһۣôˣôûȥѧã
̧̧°ͣû취ս
ɪģûЦ
()

384.384 ú˼

384 ú˼
ɢ경󣬷彫ͻᡣ
ϴնˢҳ˲뵽С
ˢˢУ־Ȼ˿ͽҩĩ˭ӮμӶע˶ѡ˽ס
ֿ׬ȡѧֵĻᣬֻϧ֮ǰѧȫѺ˶ʮѡ޿Ǵοϡ
˼һתȥϵʦġ
ΪΪһǼֹУڵڶѧԺ˵һ˻Ὣʮѧ֡
ȥʮѧҪˣȻעɣ׬㡣
ˢҳ֮֮ǰ뻹ûɵʵǲ
ͷûѡ뽫ħٻ˳Ȼһա
Ѿҵˣɸ绹ûѶҪǲܹӵдķ˿ħͷ񣬸翴һϵġ
Ƭ༭ŵǲϣһڰ׸һܷȥаֲȻһصɫʣر
ɱ༭ҳȻע½һӦҵҪҽǲӭһ͹ŵ----
Ȼǲӷȥ
ߵ̨Ϸŵ¹⽫һ˿˿֮()塣
֪Լֻһѡ
˵ǲ㿴شδֲ
ϲֵ˶˹ע(r)ֵҲһ
Ϊͷ񣬻ֲ(i)ߵĹעͷͼƬҲת
ʲôֲûм
ǲpģϻһһǰһֲ𣿱˵ûû
ѾⲻpͼƬֲ֣
ֲÿҸоصӣֲֺͬ()
ǵĹעǲǴˣٺƵpsֲرϲ
ǲȫֲϤ͹ˡ
һֱڹעϵķ򣬷ȻǲҲȥһʵ֤ǲ
ԭҪһֲﵱͷ񣬿ȥûкʵģǴμ͵£ղսʤĲա
Ȼ󰵴ȥͬһҿһǲ---塷
һעֹעӡ硢Լ˵ǲ
ǰǾŪģΪŪˣú˼
()

385.385 ܷ

385 ܷ
˭ս񣬵۶һС˲֪˲
Ӳŷһֱǰ棬ܿ컹(r)ѡ
ע˷ǳֻ࣬ϧǰŪǲҲʲôμֱϲһϲ
ǲ˿ϵˢ£һֻʽٶ
һעٲʶ˶˽ȥȻħ٣ȥˡ
ܿ죬֮ǰĹƵصٴ¸ߣ˿ҲڲϵĲǡ
ڶһ磬ȥ¥ºˮһ˳㣬ˮһһ˫۾ĶԼ
ôˣл̧ͷʡ
ˮһգգ۾Ҿ̫ˣҲʼˣ
մǲ˿һҹ֮侹Ȼͻʮ㳬ţ
£Ѿô𣿡
עǲӶϺҲûйܹ
ն˽ǲַ˿Ȼʮ࣬Ը
һ(ͦͦ)(r)(qng)ġһ߳ͣһˢۡ
ֳһЩˮ(r)ֻгģַۣвֲۡ
źܶħٵֺ()оЦ⣬Сħ
ǲĵһ̬һ¹ħչ֦Ҷɫ£һַ·()оƬյġ
ͼƬ˱עֲħ٣ҽСħһ꣬()˧˧˧ܷ
̬һ£ܶעϲֲ˿໵Ľ
Сħ˺ħ()ϲ
Сħ˧ܷ
ӽҪСħ¹µֿ˧
Ժ෢СħƬϲϲ
ֲһСħƬر棬ֶһ޶ȥֲ̫ˡ
Сħÿ˧Һϲ
ˮһϾ͹עǲ¶̬һˢ͵㿪˿Ȼ̲סļ
˾һֲۣҪǼҵͲйأҲ(yn)ѡԭֲѧרҵˡ
ģЦ۹⣡
СħӿʼʶѿıֲԼĺһôϲҲǷǳ˵ġ
ˮһ޻(r)ĿǵȻܲҿСħ()
ɺȻܾҲܽħֱӴٻͲȥ
ȵȣȥ㿴
úãҵ㣡
()

386.386 ˲

386 ˲
һ˷䣬ħٻȻڻ¥
ˮһ޼״̲סնһ࣬ɫů⣬ħٿȥƮִа
£ˮһ޾ʹ˹ȥ
Ҫħ٣ȴĶ㿪ˡ
ۣȻңѾӵʶ𣿡ˮһ۾ʡ
ͷţѾʶ
кֲܶܶ඼һṥˣӵʶҲǲǻۣڡ
СħǣɲЩֻӵʶֲܱȵġ
ˮһĺϲСħܰѸղյƬǲ𣿡
˼ǿ֮ǰвСħpģ֤¾ԲpģҪǲ(r)ȡ
֪ˮһޱ()ģЦŵʲô㾡ܷˣ
̫ˣ(i)ˣˮһ޺޲һڡ
Ц˵ˣԺҡ
һ·УԴأˮһͷ
ûзԷ()ӣˮһ޵ǲڣӦǻġ
ͣ¥ȥУʱСħڡ
ˮһǲϷСħƬһ(r)
ܿת¹СħƬԼСħ¥Ƭ
Ҳ˧
˷תǲ׵˲ٷ˿
ﶼԼǲֵܿܵʾҲΪ˧
Ű˹עǲͬתƬ
ҲϲȦ˶֪΢Լá𩡢ꪵҲע޲
һ((co)co)˲ˡ
رǵڶѧԺѧû뵽ĽȦȻô㣬ʶĻ۱Ƚϳǿĵ
Щ˶кܶ˿Լ񶼵תͼƬôܲأ
ȥϵʦǰԤ֧ʮѧ֣ȻԼѺע
һ죬ķ˿һһٶĽʺޡ
ǵøţһҹһ˿ͻǧ
Ȼԭͺܳйء
ճһİն˺Ƶ绰
ɨһۣ
ܿ죬үӳͶӰϡ
⣬ֻʱԳһЩԤϣͷеĸס
£ɫ䵭Ŀڡ
()

387.387 㵽װʲôģ

387 㵽װʲôģ
үɫ()
ʲôҿүүأ
üҪûǴǲǰѾϾ˹ϵ֤껹ȫˡ˼뵱үүȴûȤŮ
Լ֮ǰϾϵ̫ȷˡ
үȴһҭɫ()Ҳ޷粵㡣
ǼʷУ˫ֻҪϾ˹ϵȷʵԲù˼ǣʵͺǩǷݶϾ֤顣
Ҫ֪ܽũӪôãǲ֪нôϵϵὫլúõĶԴ
ر죬ʱ˽˹ݣЩӽȴûлү̫̫ǣ˽˹ݵҪˣڵѪ
ֻϧѾͷѾƿأȫδķԽԽԶ
үЩӵĿŮĳɾԭӦýģϧȴѾû˹ϵ
вﰵ鵱ĿŮȻϾ˹ϵ(i)ˡ
ÿĻޱ()
㸸ԽԽˣص̾˿
һĿʼҫ۶Ŀֻӻ׺ļңСΨΨŵŵŮȴֱӷˡ
ʲôҫʲôļҵˣһĲֵ
ͷ()ЩûȤЩ֪ʲô£
үеĸ(qng)Ȼô治ТҲ͵ûŮɡ
ҪأԽԽǿӲŮҲͬ⡣
()()Ҫ(qng)֪𣿡ʡ
΢΢һЦ֪⻹ҽء
ү£дżŭɫߣФ˭ҵŮ()()үү飿㵽װʲôģ
ǰͻȻӵʦ򿪿ȻҪ飬ʱȫˡ
ӽ鵽ڣû뵽һһ飬뿪
Դ˵绰¼ҪĻ󣬾Ҳӵ绰ˡ
֪סũǰȥһˣɻûнžͱũ˸˳
ϴԭҲҪֵģ˭֪лүͻȻ˳Ǻ(qng)ߣҲûмҡ
ȥ׼֣ȴû뵽(qng)ȻŮģˡ
()

388.388 㻹û֪֮

388 㻹û֪֮
Ц⻰Ӧҷɣ
()()ڵңùܼע()򶨼ŵװʲôģ
ҪıɱӣҪӱմȻǺң⣿
һɷлûУ()()޸㣬ֱǵ˰˱ӵѪùлᵱȻҪϿͷˡ
һ㶼ºͷ˺Ƹ(ͦͦ)()()Щûͷʹ󷿵
˵ôĻүӲ㱻Ѫ
̧߲ѵָ㣬㣡
ʲô˵ǲФˣ
мƲƲ죬ƾΪϲͷҲ䣿
ôˣСĶӣȡļҵϵòӦеļ̳ȨǷǵĳ(i)С(())֣ѹҺĺӣ㻹Լ
()()㱦ӵôٷˣ⻹УδؽԼ̫ˡ
ʱ˿ɱɥģ()()ȹô꣬ȴõ˵ұȺĽ㻹һֱ׳ҵģ˭ôҪ
ͷͷ͸һӵ()Ŷԣ϶⵽ӦġҾ͵ſжʱԱЩ¡
һˬ죬үȴ÷
ʵҲ֪ЩȷʵҺӣϴʧȥĸףһִģܻ̲ס(i)㡣
ţ(qng)ȻҲ
ǰû˸ô˵û뵽ƫһϴ·ʮһ
㲻Ҫ̫ˣҳЩ()()ҲԲ˵ôү
˸ۣ㻹û֪֮
ԣȫǲҪ֪ĺܼ߳ôд
ͷİڰ֣ú˵Ҫǲ飬ôֻܸ㣬ܣ
ɱ((Ʊ))ҽʹĶ¹ȥ()()ڵұע򶨼ԵƵѾ¼ʱԷŵȥ˼ҿ
ļһζ治⣡
ʲôģ()()ļҵĿຣѳҪ
үһĳ־㣬ȥعҲ֤Űҿ˵̫Բ򶨼
Դļ֮ļҵûٶ빫Ƶ͹ɣ˵ЩҲû֤ݣŲŻһء
()

389.389 Ȼв

389 Ȼв
ΪвͻЭ룡
һô꣬үӶҲȫûи(qng)
ҪʱĻĪۣ޷ܡ
Ҫ˻飬ǶŮŮĳļˡ
Ůļҵĵӣ֪ʲô(qng)
ܷ(qng)ȥûӣļȴ𣬷Բڡ
Ϊһǵв飿
Цļҵ̿Ѿʼ˻ˣǿǰ
ȻùƵҪЮͷ飬ܶͶ°ˡ
үɫ÷࣬Ůô޲ʱֱˡ
ô
겹һ䣬ǾԲܵġ
飬ȥΰɡ
͵˰©˰ˣٵ۹Ϣļġ
ЦЦؿӦ˵ˣҺͷҵĹϵܺã˵Ҫ()()֮ǰռ֤ݽǣļһΣ
үӵɴ۾ͫͲµҿѾ(qng)ȴû뵽ѾͷȻв
ҧгݵ˵Һ()()ڻǷޣҪЩ֤ݺûļң()()ͬùķɣϢҪġ
ҪǱţ()()СҲӲˣ
֮ûã븸Ůϵ֮ǰҲļҡ
Һȴļҵˡ
Ҫǹ˼Ҳ˷֤ˡ
Բ((Ʊ))ѣҲȥҷ
ʵ˵ҪǲӦ飬Ҿֻȥٱˡ
()()С㱻ţҲϵǱͻлүӾסҵũܰ쵽𣿡
ŻƤ죬ϾԸͷˣ͵ǿӲģҪĵһֱѹ
Ȼүɫ˱䣬벻ͨļûãôʶͽύ˵۶ôЩ
лүҪǳ棬˵Ȼܱͣûɡ
ȻûһǾ̸أ㵽Ҫʲô
飬ֻôһҪ󣡡
˶˵ֻҪӦ飬()()֮ǰռ֤ԭȫ㣬Ϊ
ķУֻ֤ԭзЧӦ
()

390.390 ǿ

390 ǿ
үЩ⣬û뵽ռôõ֤ݣ顣
Ӧˣ־ܺͲģϾ߹ôꡣ
ԥٴ¶˲ͷɫô£ỹȫĽְɣ
ʱ俼ǣҪ飬ǽ֤ø㣻ҪϾͽ֤ø壬תԣ֮ٽ()()Сӱ߾ӻ鷳㣬Ƿ(qng)
үӽ˫֣ɫ()ĿĬƬ̵һӵһοۣû뵽ҵŮôݽɫ
ջظղŵĻ㸸ײ(qng)
ͷ⻰ܺЦ
ߴżֳǰˣһúõĻţ
ļҵ(qng)ҿɲҪ򲻻к³ôǣһɾҪҧһڣҸ׾õӡ
ζ˵Ҫǳļңûһ˽Ӵ磬һСҵĸףھԻĺúõġ
ҪۺݶǸС(())֣ǿҪѷɫˣ
үӵɫֱ˱䣬˱۾ļְʹӺŭȥ
״һǺݵģЩ֤ƶϣǸӺпܺǿϵᣬֵʵôֻбٵĽˣ
šٺ֮䣬ѡһɡѾʲôЭ()ӣӦ֪ҾĿ϶ı䡣
ʮ룬Ͽɡֿ̧˿ʱ䡣
үһƬû뵽һᱻŮ((Ʊ))ַϣúѿ
飬˲öŮƿ⣬ҲЩᡣ
ϴ(qng)Ҫ汻ٱⱲӾˡ
ûйǿֻ֪Ҫϸ飬֮ʶ˻£ҪŪҲǲܡ
޷ôһҵǰδȥġ
Ǿ˾˿ʱˡߡ壡
ûģүӿˣãҴӦ顣
Ŀһۣĵ죬ǽ֤ݽҡ
ŮȱǺֶΣҲȽϺǿˡ
Ҫļң˵ܴļδйĻԻ͡
ϧˣǿϧˣ
̫͹ҲǺ£Ůļû(qng)Դ̫ӣп֪϶޵ϴйء
()

391.391 ιȥ

391 ιȥ
үźϧȴһܻļҲŮˣ
ǳУ˸ܵүӵ(qng)۵Ĩĺɱ⡣
ͷɱģԤ֮С
㣬Ը弶ûκ⣬ļҪɱûôס
ϲ˱Qһɱȴɱˣȴ޲û취ģ
ļţҲ뿴󷿱᲻ḡˮ¶
˵ļҾСƣҪںףɵҪʰǱǸ
ǾԳֺԭĸס
еĶأҲӦúرѲϵôҪԷڳܽ
ͷٴ˽Ӻͷ֮ѡ˽ӣ⣬ȴҲΪԼ()()еίͲˬ
ȻѡôͷҪܽᷢĽ
()()ʦϵ㣬Ҳ˽֤ݴȥ
ζ˵ϲϾָܻ()״̬ҲܽǸȥС¹(i)λļңͷ(())СڿԲˣ
֮ԴĸһҪҲ֮ǰ鵽ͷ()()ŮͷСݺ()()ΣͷԻе()()ܲˣ
ͼ()()ԼλȻıļҵļҲ
ֻŮȴһûܣļҾԱڻҡ
㣡үٴα÷
Ѿͷ
׼ָűһ٣ɻûпʼƵȴһˣȻһ仰ٺ˵
үֱͷһ(r)˸ۻ˹ȥ
һֱڷžֻ뵱͸˵Ĺܼң״ɫһ䣬ǰȻ绰˼ͥҽ
ӵļɵ;壬˵ĶԻȫˡ
ӲһĴһͶү䳰(r)һڿˣү(qng)Ϻ·ǳȶȻˡ
˳Ϸ˴ļժ˳ܾүǻڣô򵥷Źļҵġ
Ҳֻ룬ɲҸүҲԴӱιǿŶҩÿ춼۵ȥһΣˡ
˼תתȥǸ취ļԺһ̲ˮǲʲô³취()УûҪԼһϡ
()

392.392 ɹ

392 ɹ()
ڻԵүӣ֪ĸܼѾҪ뿪˼뿪ˣѻԶ
үε⣬ͷ()()(qng)ȴǳĺá
ùô˸绰öԷʦȥͷ()()顣
ʦǩļ֤ʵԸָ֤ͫǩƵȥҲǿԵġ
ʡñͷϻ߶ĵ۲ĲΪá
ЩµЧôߣ֮ǰʦһֱͷ̸ͷǲɿڣֶŮǳˣԽĳڣ
ŮƫС(())ֵͷСûжٸ(qng)
֮Ⱥ(i)˷֣һӵҸȫˣͷôԴĸף޷ԭ£ۼƵġ
ǰǹ˼ĸ׻ļңһֱţһҪȥúõķйôί(qng)
ͷ֪챻ŮΣ컹иѷɫ춾Ů
ڶûȥǽ֤ݸŹùȥ
˳˻飬ͷҲ˳õ֤ݣȴٴιȥֱӽҽԺ
Ļ㱨ЦˣùͷսȻǿ
ͷǻãù÷й꣬(qng)ӦҲ泩ܶɡ
緹()()һƵ绰
ܿƵͽͨˣҴһ()˶Ӳɸճӣңȥ(qng)ȽϺá
оõ()()ʲôɻ˺ܶ࣬ǻ˺üꡣ
()()֪˰ɣ
Ц֪ˣû뵽ô꣬һлָɺ͵()һ졣
ǰδãҲûжټ(qng)
Ů绰˵ͷɹԼŮĵӰļ˾ĪĶδڴȤ
ļҺͷ˲˺ܶ࣬˺úȥĶ
()()ģҲ˿ѡȷġ
ָɺ͵()ð
Ц˵()()ôƯԺ׷ʿһһҲ㷢ʱˡ
һۣ˵ô
֪ŮڶԼء
飬Ҹ鲢û뷨ҪʵĿԿǣԼȽÿ
()()ˣǧҪԼģ
()

393.393 ð

393 (qng)ð
ʵ()()òŶׯӺݸУƢ()ֺãǰЩ괿Ǳͷˡ
׷ֵ߳ģҲͬ()()ѰҸġ
ͻᶺҸˣҴ(i)Ц˵
Цʣ()()ũסĻϰ𣿡
ҵͷϰߣҺϲũ()壬ȻлүһɸɻʲôˮԼժʳõĲζܺá
ҾôδйķɺģԺǶ뿪ũˣһγȻһʰϲ
ϴЦ()()ϲͺãũԶļҡ
˵һỰƵܿлүӴżժӣҺͲ˵Ļ棬׼ȥæ˵绰
һι죬˵ƼͰ£ɹļ뵽ǼֹᣬҲյֽ뺯
ʱһֽӵ˵ĵ绰
Է׼һ£Ǽʷɴǰ۹Ϣɻ˳Ӧ»һȥμӽᡣ
()()˳ͷܿҪ㣬׮(qng)(qng)ʮá
(qng)ƺͷǳõʱ򣬶ϲ³ˡ
Ƿˮһޡϯ塢пڸˡ
ĿռǾֹģʳĵȿԱŽȥģʱζ
ÿܶŲʳĽȥֱӶ֡
Ҫʲô߽һߴʳģһ߸Ƶ绰
ܿͶӰڣڶ()壬ͷʪ()¶ţȥζ
ôˣ¿ᣬŹһСʱ绰Ӧ¡
Цŵҽ(qng)ܺãһٴͣԼѹһ극
һﾡǹʣ(qng)ð
ʲô(qng)(qng)˺ã
ЩʱദѾ֪ϰߣ(qng)ܲͺܺöóԵġ
ҲѾɹǼֹᣬ콫˴ʦһǰ۹ȻҾͿԼ̫ˣ
֪ϲ۹̫˵һʡ
ûзᣬϾԷŮˣȴЩζζҪֿüء
ǲӦ취һȥأ
Ȼ뷨ԽԽǿңʱû˵
ϲ㼴Ҫѳɹˣȷʵֵúúף£ǲǿԵأϴżƦ
Ц˵(qng)ã͸һ˵Ļɣ
()

394.394 ΰ

394 ΰ
(qng)ã(qng)Ҳ
ɨɨóʳģðҾ͵ˣ
ҪԺ()ǴŹǡˮ()ƬŶӡ
()ר(i)Ҫÿе͵ĻᣬŹ
Ĳˣ֪óʳĵģһﵹǲȫˡ
(qng)ãƽϣУҶˣһǹɡ
ãȥϴʹͷֹһǱˣ
ˮһ޺Ҫ˶¶˾ϲ
ǲӪѧУԷͶѾľˣľʳ
˺ܻ¥æϴˡ
ȷ˹ʱŵһŨŨĲ㡣
ϯʿˮ㣡ÿ춼εζ
Ľתͷ˿壬ϴҪ׷̫Ҹˣ
׷춼ʳԣǱˣ
ϧϴϵŮˣȻһȵȥ׷ˡ
¶ֵ֮ɫ˹ǵȻġ
ϲɲΪʳˣ㶮𣿡һת
ȻһʼȷʵҲΪʳũȴʳ
ûʳֻ()ߣܻʱ⾲ãﱻĸо
ϯҡҡͷǺܶͨ
˿Էʣ׷𣿡
ϵЦݽ˽ûУ
һûʼ׷أ̫Ϥ˲֪ôڻ֡ʵ˵
Ҫ´ֹϵ֮Ҫǲͬ⣬ô죿
ҪԼֵ׷ŮӵĽÿǰ
׼ʲôʱףʡ
ӣˮɵʱɡ
ҡҡͷķļ򣬡Űɡ
ֻнʲô̼(qng)һŲôԥԥĵⵣǡ
Īڴ쵽
˵СǸսţ˶û
ϰ()ԾϴְæϯҲŽȥ˲ˡ
ÿ̲˶һĺóԣ˳ԵöӳŲͣꡣ
ϵĲ̼һɨա
Ҫÿ춼ķˣҹһ֮ҪˮһųԳŵĶЦ
ÿζ̲סԣ׵Ǽʿǡ
żһ䣬ҪܶٶٳԣԸ֣
û˵ΰɣ
ûķأ
()

395.395 ֻ

395 ֻ
ˮһ⻰ЩУԻôԵ⣬Ҫζˣ
һҲֻǰŻǸʱʱҪĴǹ
ƽʱǸԵײеʨ˭أ³ܱߡ
弸ÿ춼ദʱһˮһеѾ̮
ʵǰû˧ʲôġ
Ǹ˾ʵˣֻʵרΪѸˡ
Ҿ͸̾¶ѣ
ϯЦʵҲĸпϧֻ룡
һۣ붼룡
żǲ䷹ͲˣҪǾôˣ۰
ڿ᲻۵
ϯЩǰԵ
㲻Ƴһۡ
ϯֺ̧ϲһ𣬡Ȼ
ƲƲֹҸҲ𣿡
վ()˵Եúñǳȥɢɢɡ
ϲһȥɢ
ԵҲе࣬Ҳվ()У
ŵļʣȥ𣿡
˻ûлش𣬷һ˵ʰϴ룬ҲԵ˶ˣ
˲ʧЦҲûȥء
´ɨҿһ磬ȥɢϢɣĿڡ
ЦŵͷУǴɨĹͽˣ
Ȼͷһ߳˱
˵()Ӱʧˮһ°ʣ˵ʲôʱʽ
Ȼʱı(ͦͦ)(qng)µģ()ΪѼѣǶ֪˻ûȷϵ
Ц˵(qng)ɣ
֮ԽԽĬʲô·ϬҶԷĻǶҵ˺ĵİˡ
۾Ҫû˳̼ˣһû״Ƶľ򣡡
ˮһͬĵͷҲĸоУʲô׷ŮӺ̸(i)ϵһŰֽ
漴Цһ(ͦͦ)ã
ҪǷǸ򻨴йƬҶմ()ķУԣ϶Ҫġ
ѧԺŮ˭Ľ
ܹײУʨӣһֻȮǹֻˡ
һߣźУȥ˺ɢ
˲ţϦ½˵Ӱĺܳ·˶̲ס࿴ۡ
û취˭̫ˣôۣҪУԷ쭣˶뽫Լ͵ĵ˱Ӱȥ
()

396.396 Щϰ

396 Щϰ
ת۾͵γ̽ͷһ뿪
ſڣҽҪլסͲˣ
ͷã
ˣҪȥ۹Ǽʷɴʱʮһ롣
ŷ˵ҵǱ߸㷢Ϣ
˵Ѿȷˡ
ЦãҵϢ
ҪǻũȻڶԼôˬ죬¡
ЦЦ³ˣ绰ϵ
̧ڶ߱˱ȣ绰ϵ
³˻֣ת()ũ
һֱıӰʧſȥլ
صũ()()͹ùһò͡
ַ˸Ϣ㣬Լʱ䡣
ǱߺܿϢ˵ȥƵ
ĶЩҪˣ
ڶһ磬ͣϰ()׼ʷʲô
˲ûл˵ĩûпԷЩϰߡ
ЦҡҡͷԼ׼͡
()()ùһͣطʰ¶ˢˢҳ
⼸ʱ䣬ǲ˿ÿ춼Ѿٶˡ
ÿ춼¶̬ʱһСħƬʱֻᷢԵƬ
ͰƬȥ۵Ľԡ
Ҫάǲ˿(r)ȣʱȥˢһˢڸлǺбҪġ
ֻϣ֪ʲôطĸܹ
ʮʱ()()кһȥũſڡ
վӣһͿ˹
Ŵ򿪣ݵϴЦݣϳɣֱȥǼʷɴ˾
Цŵͷã鷳ʦˣ
ˣϳһмĿλ
ϻʮһˣ곤ҲģСĶϺüꡣ
Դҿڣλ¼ǼֹҲǹСŮǶҲİ
Ц󷽵ĵԺλʦգ
ӭСѼ빫ᣡһЦŹ˹ơ
Ҳֹ̧˹ƣʾ˶Ļӭ
˶ȥȽѺãҲ˺䵭һ¶һֲмΪӡ
̫ǳˣƾӾ빫ᣬߺŲ࣬ûʸᲢۡ
ɨһȦҪȥμֽ˼סǶԼ̬Ҳ
()

397.397 ˵Ҳ̫

397 ˵Ҳ̫
òƵˣҲ̬ͬȡ
Ҫ䵭мģҲ(r)˼(ƨp)ɣͬ䵭Դɡ
Сʱһ˵ִǼʷɴ˾Ȼȥ˹ʺϢȴ
Ǻ˾Ҳֻǰ۹ٵ۹ķɴ
ûǼʷɴһЩġ
Ϣչ˾ķԱ˲衢ϡȡˮͰװʳѡ
һˮȻһװı˺
֮ǰûЩʳڿ˾볢ڸУϾʳƷ˾Ѿ׼ò࣬ܿͶˡ
ǹζĵģҧһ΢΢üͷ
ݮĻûʲôζ˹ϳɵζıҲЩӲڸкܲá
Ҳû˷ѵϰߣ֮ôţǽһɳꡣ
̻װõʳȴû𳢵뷨
ԼʳƷ˾Ҫ׼Ʒ˴µļƻ
ţԱһżּ
Сǽţ
Ī̧ͷ˹ȥûڣԷȴԹԵ˵
ҲԣһҪȥμӿֽᣬǰûκβμӵľͰ˵Ҳġ
һӣͨȴһ()԰
ɱֹʦǵ
żֳĿ˵˱ųͷ͵ǰѧѧ
ϢŵȫҪȥμֽĴʦе˲Լͬüͷ˵Ĺˡ
¶˿ϷɫȻͬ˵Ļ
ƾʲôΪһãõ᳤ϲͼ˹ᣬ뵱ǿͨѡβŽ빫ġ
һͺȥμǼֽᣬʲôʸǱʾǵִͲġ
һ۾ϳˣ˵ڳ϶¶мˡ
ǣʶ𣿡
üһİ˰һͨ˵̣Ľأ
һʲô⣿Ȼһһ˵̣ɡ
־û뵽ֻ죬ûнɫ˳ǰ㻹˼̸۽⡣
Цһǰ
˫´־һۣ˼ˡ׾ûǸǰˣǸЩϲֵĶʸ
Ҳ糰ˣúͿ
˵Ҳ̫̫Ϊˣǰʲôʲôг
()

398.398 ȻžǸԲ

398 ȻžǸԲ
־¶һŵɫȻû뵽ͻô
һαķ̣ɫֺ죬ȫġ
ڳʵҲû뵽ľŵô־
˶־ǻãȫҵġ
㣡־÷ŭ
ǰ˺ܴĹ򣬲ſǼֹᣬμӽԭû֣һʦͻȻסԺˣŴ油ת
ʱ侭ӪĽʬۣǲķ˿ҲͲŸͻʮ
ż칦ǲķ˿ͳ򣬻ڲͣ˿ÿ춼
÷ǳĲƽͼʣ˲Żǰ()Ҫ˳̫ˡ
ԭΪڻԹĬĬܣȴû뵽Ȼֱֳķ
֯Ҫѵһ˴˽
˸ղȥ÷ɴƱ֤⣬и᳤˵Լ()սװˡ
ǰ洩īɫսװսѥòΪͻ
·ߵʲôطǾ۽һ㡣
ˣ¶˾ȵɫ漴ȾһЦ⡣
ԭһ˰취Ҫȥ۹ѹ쿪صũ֮ûѶ
ղŻ룬һ绰ûУɲ̫·
˽֮󣬷պЩԾ
ΪУղź˵ԱվһɫĳУ˹ȥ
ôˣʡ
ЦЦʵ˵ûʲôһΪǣԼǰԲУҪѵңҷˣ
ͷɨ־һۣȻžǸԲУ
ڳȫû뵽˵ĶԻ̲ס˳ǣҪҪôֱף
˭Ȼ˵š
ǴϸĿ˿սװŵĻºԣһλս
սֻһλǾԼҵӷ塣
ڲʴҶ³ˣ˿϶Ǵķ٣Ҳǵ۶ķС
йעǲͻȻòƷСҲһǲһʱעԭ˵Ĺϵһ㡣
ĻһȣȻԶһǷģȴĪľ(ͦͦ)˧ġ
˵ЦŴкǰ
()

399.399 ˵Ŀ

399 ˵Ŀ
˵ʵҲЩԤֱ׺ǿơ
УΪܺãʵ̫ϲΨΨŵŵˡ
־ʲô()ҲȽ
϶ＵȻȳƵġ
εĺģԲͽһȥμֽᡣ
һ˿⾯Ŀ־һۣſЦ˵ӭСѼǣ
ηսỤ۹ʶģһ·ϵǿɣ
˵ҲǽϲŽӵ֪ͨɼսŵľӢμӽᡣ
ǰδй(qng)ϾǺɴ˾İĺܺãûг(qng)ûǼʺҽٳ֡
ȥ۹֮󣬶Է϶˱ǳµġ
Ȼ²ɻ󣬿ɻһȥɳǵľӢ
ӳǷʱ˾ɻ
λ()ǿ()ʵȻսɳǣǲ̫Сˣ
ڿһֱķ٣ĺ˵һʱͳ־ﻹ
СǳģҪСŮأǲǻӶѡ
ЩС棡
˵ҺܳСүڿ治ǴԣҪûзүӵİţСܱų
ϳ˷()ݣڳĴʦǶµλүǵԭ
־ɵȻҲ³˷ǳģ̲סĲ˲
ԭҪľٶҲվˣֱӻصԭλ£ٴڸС
ڸղŷ˵žǸԲУ͵ûɷС
֮ǰ֮ԸҿȥѵżһļҵŮá
ɱ𶥼ŵķңǣ£Ӷܱ۴屻á
֮ǰҸоãһǰģҪѹԼ־ǸһţʱЩ
һ˵ĿԣӲĵ͡
Ȼ˶ˣҲ˻ԲУԺ(())ֱˣʡ˷ѿˮ
˶־Ҳ(ͦͦ)ģﲻɵһֱӣ˵Ʒ̫ˡ
һʼҪ۸Ϊ˼ûжٱȴˣ̫ˣ
ʵͬΪһˣǴ˶Ǻϲ־һֱȽϹǵ׷ֵܴ
һﱻóԱ񣬱Ҳһ죬(ͦͦ)Ц
()

400.400 ǻ

400 ǻ
()ԣһ㶼ܻ˵񣬿Ц⡣
Ǽһսž񣬿ƯŮԱߣҡŴβķ壬ִ۾ľ㤸С
⻹ʶǸŰΪֻҪˣ˭ӶķС
֮ǰ֣ôϿεķͻȻûսĻҲˡ
붮˼Ϊ׷Ůġ
Ǹ(qng)ˣ
ѹս˧ʱ˻ԭΪСӽҸ룬˽һ񣬾ЦݺϷʡ
˵˿նˣɴƱȫ֤ͨˣȥǻɡ
ãŵȫվ
Ŵһ𣬽˰ͨ
õ˼()壬ֻô˳ͨУÿ˶Ҫͫƺָƣмǲʱϡ
ҲΪôϸҹ˾Ǻɴûг¡
˷ɴͣפĵطźǰƻƬЩƵķɴ¶˼ڴ֮ɫ
һ³վ˹̶λãһĶһõ棬˾ͱ˷ɴ
ɴſڱȽϿɴս㰴նƱţһĴλϡ
ǼʷɴλúܿЩڲÿλãǰһӣڷһЩӪʳˮϡ
ʵķɴϣаղλŵϢңһ()䡣
ҪˣȥϢ˯()
λ()ʵƣȥ
ȻǺ˾ƱҲģͨ˸ʷɴƱ
ԭԱ߰ŵһִʦ˻λá
ºЦʣоΣ
(ͦͦ)õģǼʷɴȷɻҪʺܶ࣬صλռкá
ôˣۺðȫʡ
年ʵ㲻ѧУһȥϿ(ͦͦ)ĵģԾͺүү˵ˣæ˻񡣡
ʧЦȥ۹ܷܶſԻѧУѡ޿ʶ˰æʼˣһȥܶ
ҪǲȥΣҩεܶ𣿿ԲϸɱҰ
սЦǻ㿴ˣҲϰͺˡ
ȥѡ޿Σȥ˻ʲô˼Ҳſ˯ķݡ
Ƿİһۡ
һɫԿȾ
()

401.401 ˣ

401 ˣ
()Ӵк
ǷôϢȻɣ
ĸ첲һѣϢ㷨Ҹͻˣ
ƦƦ˵ͻˣ
㣡ûһۡ
̸Ц䣬Ǽʷɴʼ𺽣ٶ̫ˡ
һСʱ󣬷ɴ뿪Ĵ㣬ֱӽ档
򹹽ɵĺ棬һֶԭ۷Ϊˮɵ뵽Ĳ㡣
˱۾Ҳ˽׺Ͷ⾳
ܵ()ɢһֱȽǿϢЩǰܽʱĸо
²Ӧ֮ġ
˸ܵ⽫Լ֮ǰͷſΪݻ
ÿսһ̺ӣʮĴȹӵϡ
۹ҪʮСʱһʼڿͲ½()ȥԼϢ˯Ϣ
ǼʷɴԶܣ˿ǿʹնʱ䵹ǱȽϺô򷢡
⾳۾
ͷͷ۾˯Ŀգܵ()ɢƣ֮ǰĶ
ļ仮һ˿
Ƿǳеģ˯ֻҪжһʱǵȥսžϿѵĽ
۾ͷͶƯӣĲ˲
˶£һ²֪Ҫ˵ʲô
ȴƽǲ̫˧ˣˣ
Цǰ̫˧ˣҪġ
ҪҲ˧磡年˹ֻԿԷȴϲʵûоúܰ
ƤȻͨ˵ĺˣ
ЦƤųԵÿ
˯Сʱ𣿡ʡ
£˯ôð
㲻˵ãһ˵Ҿеˣӡ
˵ɴеĲԭʳķζһ㣬ҪȥԵ𣿡
ϵӪʳԼ(i)ԣ˵ˡ
ҡҡͷЦãһЩ()ڿռҪ𣿡
԰ʳﶼϲʳ
ӿռｫó˶һŵռĺΡ
ɣεݸ塣
()

402.402 

402 
֪岢رϲʳϲĸҲ̫࣬θڸԲ
ӹΣ˽ң
ⶫǰŵʱڵʽͣҲרŵĵۣζڣ(i)ԡ
֮ǰһκϲˡ
Ŀռʱ侲ֹóʳﻹ(r)ģζܿܡ
ղձˣǼֹ˶ȥϢˣֻʣ±ļˣڲԶơ
ŵζһ̲סʿˮ㰡
ζǶӳǱߴģѵģһʡ
ܰһֱǿֵģӦԱǸСŮġ
žθڣҪȥʿжĲ
ȥ´˶ӳ˱ᣡ
(ƨp)Ҳȥ
ĺ㣬ҶӺö
ӶȥɳĲ㷹
ǱߴζҶԲķһ㶼ûȤ
Ҫǳƣ˭ĵС˭ȥӳǱʣ
Уɣ
˸Գһƣõɫ˲Ҳǹˣ
ȥɣǿɲ㣡
鵽Сİ׷վҲҰˣ
һǾģ˹ȥ
ӳԵǷɴ𣿡׷װʡ
彫£ǣ˴Ϸɴġ
Ƕ˾ȥ㷹ҵϣܴ󷽡
׷ʿˮȣŷϵʣӳó𣿡
ģЩЦʰ˾Ǻ԰
ŶԷڵĲ࣬ûˣ˲ٵĸ㣬Ҫ𣿡
׷붼ͷҪ
ʹӿռó˼רװĺӣ屭()裬ǳԣ
ллŮ׷ӹӣתͷһ˹æ()衣
СҲܽɩӣǾֻܺŮˡ
ЦŰڰ֣
ӳҾˣ׷ͷŷʡ
𿴷СʵıԶȫԷʰһ٣Լ
ʰȻͷˣս()εģʵȭͷǷ˵Ĺؼ
Цɣ䷹䵽ˡ
ҲȻ˭ǲ䰡
ٺ٣˭Ƕӳ׷罫()ݸչˣȻһˡ
()

403.403 ⲻ㰡

403 ⲻ㰡
׷˻صλϣһ˷һ(r)()裬ֽӴ򿪡
бɺ͵⣬ž;úڡ
˿ٵץһ飬۾ȫ
Ȼֲϵĳץȫǿ˭ֿ죬˵
һߺ()һ߳ԡ
Ҳ̫ó˰ɣ
ǰҳԹζıɺ͵⣬()ζҲã
ѹô㣬Ȼڲͬ
Ҿöӳĺο϶óԡ
ó𣿡
ңҾֻĬĬĳԸˡ
ӳϵСŮǲһƯ()ãջô
ǵȻԶӳļͱ£һŮôܿۡ
ӳҪǽСŮȢؼңҲ̫Ҹˣ
ҲôãĽ
һ߳һ˵Ц·ʰǡ
һߣ彫ĺγ꣬żδ
ǹǡô˵еЦȴ(qng)ܺá
еĵЦΪˣȻҲǳˣ
Լҽ񣬻˱ˣǳһҲûʲôֵ˵
תͷ˵ܽҾ֪մҵĹ⣬ǷϢ
оĺԼϣ΢΢˺죬һξ룬ⲻ㰡Ϣˣ
βˣлزܳǼ⻹()ϵ㣬Щź
ͬĵͷ㻹ˣ
ҸղһЩ£ȥϢ
Ҳȥ˯ɡ
Ĳ㻹ЩȣҪȹΪ
վ()ûк()𣬡УǶȥϢɡ
һ뿪ͲȥϢգӦŴƱĺԽһ䡣
ӿռóһţ߹ȥó˼ԴʯŵԱߡ
ħٱ˳һػ̬վ()ԡ
ǵĲ˲֣ҶӣȻʼ
һ˿˿ӵϵԴʯɢȻڡ
ܵҲһƵľۼڡ
ղɢħգû˿˷ѡ
ԼһСʱ󣬵ϵԴʯձ˷ĩҲΪȹ̣۾
ħҲΪһЩЦҶӡ
ͻȻǼʷɴҵ(())ܵʲô
дûץ棬һץһ߷ķһ~~~
()

404.404 ô

404 ô
㶣Ĵ⿴ȥ
ֻԶһ͸СǼʷɴһɫñ־
Ƭ̼䣬ҷ()˺üڵǵǼʷϡ
ɴ𶯵ĸңûбԷڵ򻵣ַɴܻһӷĹ֡
ڴʱһ
ħڣת()ȥţȻվſڡ
û°ɣĵʡ
ҡҡͷû£ôˣܵǵĹ
Էķɴкɫͷô¡
ͷɫȥǵֻҲ̫۾ˣ
Ҫôأǳķɴйϵͳ𣿡ʡ
صУԷǼսҪܣ
Ƚ侲ʣôأ
ȳȥҷɴϵĻսˣ
˶ٿʣ𣿡
Цҡҡͷ£һʼЩϰߣڸо(ͦͦ)̼ġ
һγԶžǵ֪Լ̫Щǵбɡ
忡չһЦȷʵ(ͦͦ)̼ģΣһܵ˺
ϵŮˣ(qng)侲ˣҪǻɵСģͿ޿ˡ
㣡ԷսǺܿ϶ġ
˵Ĳ㣬Ȼ޷ڷɴռߣȴҲܶһЩֶԱ
ϵЦ˶Լսûжٸо
ɴдĿǣȴĺܸˡ
̧Ϊ˳˳˿ҳȥң
ȴĸ첲ôڷû˼Ҳȥ
ˣŲָҩ𣿡ʡ
Цŵͷ֮ǰҵˣ϶Ҽ֧
˵սװѹͳ֧ҩ
Ȼλ࣬Ǳ̬ȣԼ׼øַĿܣŴűá
ȴû뵽Ȼôˡ
ɨɨеҩƷһͺһ㡣
ӿռó֧ɫȥ峺͸ҩݸҪþսҲóĺúܶࡣ
εƷҲϴθĸãΪܹƵҩƷҲˡ
ЦŽӹ˻еѹã
()

405.405 鷳

405 鷳
ҪȥҲûֹ
Ϊߣ֮Ѿ϶()ݵλ̳еһս֮ŮƱҪغϲѡ
߳䣬еķŵüУϻҵĽŲ
߽Ͳգ׷缸ɫأս׼
˵ҲһŵĿ棬߽̲ס˿
֮ǰǻ÷ǵСãһ·ϸܷ⣬˭뵽Σô㲻
εǵȻܴǺ˾ķɴҹ
˵ǰսڸô죿
Ҳ뿴壬ȻĹǡ
忡ϵƦɢȡ֮ǳ侲Ͳȴһ˵İȫкС
ڵõģȥǼʷɴϵӽ̸˽ϸ(qng)
ȻŰ׷缸˵ʱ׼óȥս׼
ǣ
峯żʻյλȥûгͲգȴˡ
Żװ˽һͷӿ϶˼
սս
ͷһս񣬡ʲô(qng)
ӻصܵһǵսĹǷ˾źţǴ򿪲ǽ
˵ֻƣɱɴϵĳ˿ͣȴţϾǵûÿԡ
ǰ˵źɫñ־ǵȫ׺ɱ֮ͽ
ȻܹѵɸôǼʷɴȴǵһ(qng)
ǿҪԼ侲ȴǾŵģЩ֪Ҫô죬öԷǿ϶ܵģҲ޷ȥս
һ˵Ҳ˷ɴͼæѯˣλսڡ
ʣҷɴĹΣӷֶܼãԷսϵ̽𣿡
һ㶣Ȼص÷ɴȽһ㣬ҪͶԷԺ䣬ǿ϶ǲеġ
սļȽģ֮ǰǷɴϵֻ͵ȼҪǿĻǵӷʱܼһСʱҡ
̾˿ǵս䱸µķϵͳ޷̽
Ļڳɫѿ˼֡
ӷֻܼһСʱܳ۹ȥ۹ʱ䶼
ЩǵȻõģ鷳ˣ
()

406.406 

406 
͸Զս˼һʶһͷ˳ȥ
ܿʶ͸սĺϽǽ뵽棬۲ս(qng)ջʶ
ΪȽϵͣʶŶ֧ţ޷̫ʱ䣬Ļء
̽鵽ûеһʱ˵
彫׷缸˺ӵ˽еǰóֽһ߹һ˵Լļƻ
()ϾһħСĴڣȴϣûκһԵ뷨
Ҳһμʱһ棬˧
Ǹռƻ꣬ͻȻһ˾սлսʿˣ
˷׷׿˹ȥӶԷĲɳʮܻףӼ𻹲͡
۾װô߼ǵţһҿʹ
ʵӦȥŵķɴŶԣ⡣
ԷѾȳҲԴУתͷ԰׷缸˵ϻ׳ȥս׼һҪȫ䣡
ֻܱ֤ҿʹȫִ۹
ǣ׷缸Ѿ׼
ӻеĿڴͳһ֧ҩ£һ
תͷǵһΣգһ
ͷĿżᶨΣãҵ
ǰѣǵսʮˣ̨ǱսϣСı͵Ϯ
ղ̽鵽(qng)
£Ȼ֪ε֪ģȫŵģãһСġ
˿żֹŹ֣ɴϵȽ豸޷̽Էô֪
˵ģ̨Ǳؿ͵ϮһǶˡ
Ǿǣ忴Ӿȫˡ
ͻȻһֻƸУǶӳɫֵزˣ
ҪǻɹŵʱڵĹŴ׵Ļ
ԷڶҲûʱ䵢飬żһ˿ͲգȻŴȥ
弸Ѿٳ˸ԵĻ˽ȥ׼
յӵźţ㽫Ǵ˳ȥ
ܿ죬ܻ׳ռ䣬һʱͺͶĻ׽˻
һɫĻΪͻǻ׵ɫʸУ((co)co)ļϿһڻ׵Ķ(ɧɧ)
ֻһغϣɫ׾ͻ˶ֵһܻס
ò£Ҷ֪ǷʻĻס
()

407.407 

407 
Ⱦһʣʻ׵Ӣ˧ֿᣬһμսĳ棬ܾĶǡ
̧ߵ˿ͲһشǰĿսĳ档
ⲻĿƻƬʵʵڵĻ̫ս¶ġ
һҪΪһʦȻԼĻףǷһ档
߹ȥվڿͲˣߵ˴߹ۿһȫ()ŵЩ
ЩֹĴʦǣǵһξ(qng)ܹվģǱȽˡ
мһֱڷûо֮ǰҲ־
ʱ˭ùЩ˻
ĽսʮּңҲóսʵѸٵܶԷڻ
ſļʻŻźܶѶȵĶȻٴ˶Էܻס
ʱǹ(ɧɧ)Ǽʻ׵ļܸߣ((co)co)һܱȵģ˲
ԷĻױܣҲܿ˶Էע⡣
ʣµ߼ܻ׾Ȼ׷˺ͷ彻棬ȻһͳŰ׷˶ȥ
ߣ׷ǵĻ׵ȼȶԷҪѷɫһȼҪ((co)co)ļͱȥˡ
˵ĻҲУûбȴ޷ս
ʱʻŻ׳˽ȥø߳((co)co)Χֽһܻ׻
˵ĻױУҪǷĻװæ˵ܻҲᱻ
ɷĻҲһˡ
սҲ˿ʼһƬƣһȫơ
Ϸ壬ܻ׶ܣʣµİ׷һֱԷΧ
ٴγ˹ָ£Ͻ˶Էܻס
һҲУױ˴£˺ͻͬھ
ҲǳΣգзһܻڴʱ
ͻȻһڻʱ˸ʧԭء
ܿ죬ɫ״˽ڲգ˴˽ȥ
ɴ̲ס̫ǿˣսĻ((co)co)̫ǿˣ
ҪǻɱˣܾԮôʱ((co)co)ôϬ
Ҳһļ治Ϊս
ڶģԷĻǵ˫
ԽսԽͣһ˾ס˶Էܻ׵Ļð׷˺ܶ࣬Ļ׻С
()

408.408 һĻײ

408 һĻ((co)co)
ֻǰ׷ĻڵȼϲһĻûнԷĻ׻
((co)co)ƣ˫Ҳסˡ
ڴʱͻȻӶԷսϣɳܻף͵͵ĳŷı˹ȥ
ĻױܻףӾϿ
ɷɴϵȴˣһɴ۾ֵĿţ̲ס˻Сİ
ҲŽŴĿתĿţȴ֪ΪΣŷ֮ǰĻһġ
ܻ׽ӽʱͻȻ볯ŷ忪
ɴϵɫһ䣬Ϊڻ͵ϮҪɹڷʱ
ֻɫͻȻһǳѶȣ˸оɵĶŤɣӲĶܻ׵͵Ϯ
ɴϵ˳׿ˣ⻭̫𾪴̼ˡ
ȥˣսȥˣҪϲ
ֱ˲ţǿ漣嵽ôȥģ
ŵĴûзſдżֵǵĿ档
̨Ȼû͵ϮɹȴҲɹĺֻϳɹֳһս
ĻƷʾͱȶԷĻ׺һ㣬((co)co)ǳ㣬ɱܻΧҪǿԵģҪԷȴ
()ΪһϸսȻѺһܣҧֺܻ
ڳҲٴμ֤˷һ׼ʻ((co)co)
ֻ٣ԷĻƷʺͻ̫ǿ°׷սĶֻת()ȥ壬Ҳûƽ֡
ܿ죬׷Ļױйʧ飬˿ս֡
ŷܻȻûܵļ󣬿ʱϳ˺ܲ
ڴʱԭͣŵսͻȻŷĻ׽˼ڵĺ
ֱѩϼ˪ɴϵ̲סһɾ֮С
ӵҧҧԱߵм˵ϻ׳ȥæ
˾˾һ˿ɬ˵ӳǵĻ׵ȼȶԷȼսУԶˣȥġ
ҲȫȥˣһҪöԷĻףͻǵķɴ߾ͽ˭ϵأ䡣
⻰ʵҶ֪ȥǰװҪȷ壬ûܵġ
ԷĻ׵ȼ̫ˣⲻһǵţǮʵ֯ĸ߼ǵ
ҪΪзǿսţ˵ԷĻѾ˷ɴͻΧ
()

409.409 ѵҪʧˣ

409 ѵҪʧˣ
һʱ˾УճĬ
ʹ಻ѵĻȭشǰûǵ˭뵽һһǵš
ŷɼֺܻ׾ʱĻҪսļڹ
ͬʱһֵĹֽһܻ׻
˰ΧУôͻΧսڻǳ͡
ϵķһߵ((co)co)һߴӰͳһ֧ҩ¡
ղôҵĴսֻ()忪ʼƣľֻٴβ䡣
ϻսɼʻŵĻ״ԽԽȵλʾ˹ϣ֮ڽʧ顣
׵ʧ飬((co)co)׵ҲĽ͡
ᵱӱž˵θУҲҪֵһ̡
̧ͷ˿ǼʷɴԶԶĿشǰвӰһ۾ϳǰվŵﷺſࡣ
ѵҪʧˣȥ޷سŵȥˡ
һٴξ۾ļʻŻӦоôΣУػҲҪ
侲ѰŶԷ׵ԼҲڲϵĶڻ𹥻
ǿֵɫףɴϵ˶˾֮ģɾϢĸŨ
һֱ취ΪȻûȥսģҲûлס
ȻϷɾһ̨װǰ((co)co)ҲﲻܻԷ׵ĵز
Ҫôأ׭󷨣Ҳʩչ
Լ侲ϸŰ취
ͻȻп˲Ϸ()ŵһܹ٣һλִʦ֮ǰϷɴġ
۾һֹʣתͷʣɴ𣿡
ܽȥöԷ
ӲҪʲôղѷսĻǶԵģʵ˵ɴװã֮˵ġ
漴һתװҪķɴϵԴʹ֮󣬾һӣɴϵӷʱҲһӡ
ȴҪʹֹⲨװã鷳Ǿ׼
Ļɴϵ˶ˡ
Ҫʲôӷʱһֱڼ٣ٽǾ͸Σˣһ̲ס˵
()

410.410 

410 
Ƴһۣ˶һεİ
ѵþͲΣˣֵסԷĻĻһǴҶҪȫ꣡
ĻôҶĬˣʵ޷粵
һϣȫڷ()ˣ((co)co)ţĻȴ޵еģѾһ𣬱(qng)
Ųסǰӷʱ꣬Էһʱܳ
̲סʣҪʲôûйãҲûӰ쵽Էսʿġ
һᵯһڴЧͨǵ豸䴫ȥܲӰ쵽ԷĻսʿ
̧ͷᶨ˵ԼҲŷ壬ֻҪܳɹӰ죬һͻΧתɹġ
Ӿᣬ˵δżδž͸оܻ
ҪǵپûսʿӰ죬ǻսʲô
ֹĴʦǣҲ̫ˣô֪á
Сģ֪ܵķսİȫɵȥӰвͨġһʦ̾˿
Ҳϣ漣
֪Ҫ˵˵Щ˸ûϣҪߣѧɹҲ
ֿ̧˿ʱ䣬Լ(qng)ԽԽõķ壬ĻԽԽأȴ󽵵ͣԼϣҲвһ
ڵ(qng)Ѿǳˣʧˣܸ𣿡侲ݣӵ
ҧҧУǾƴһƴϵ
ҽɣɹ˵оȣȻϣΪ㣬ʧǼһʱ䡣
ҡͷ̾Ҳûֹ
ΪǱ̼ˣ֢
ˣ(qng)Ѿôˣôôɡ
˵һԸҲûʲô
ûһҲЩ
Ѿо˷ƴѰҶԷҪһ˵İȫ
ҪȥɹˣҲ׳
Ը⿴ģŷƦЦݣ˫ۿɫ׶ʼٻȴɼֺţǱһֻһܡ
ܿ죬򴬳뵽ȨޣóһͨĶݸ豸Ѿʮ󼤻ʹã
ӹѶֽ˽лл
дľʮ£ȥд(qng)~~Ȼټд˷Ȳ˵ǿ˯ˣٿôô~~~
()

411.411 漣

411 漣
ӿռóԼ̴ľĹ٣ߵԱߵλ£ٷŵϡ
ͨŹ٣޳ָ⿪ʼҡ
ʮͨﴫ˳ȥ
ҵ
֮ǰ˵һ仰ʽ
ͨɴ豸˳ȥռ䲻ϵĻ(())
˵Ļʱ㶣ԭһ˲ۼһֶĿĹʡ
·õ˺ܴļҪȥʵֶϲŮĳŵ
ԷϵҲЦ
Щֵвʱ٣
ѵǾÿҪˣһ֣
ôһǾȫпܣִʦǵԶ޷⣬Ҳûзϡ
ֵĵڣ˵ʤźţɴϵѾʼˣ
ʣµܻΧ壬սڻҲûֹͣ
ѾܻϵƤɬҪһŬҪſ
ܶʱһĻͻᵼʧ
˱Ӱʮ㣬һֱţϼʻ׵Ķȴٻ
ͽ˲õĬʼͲ²Ҫ(qng)
ͶеȫעܻףȻֶԷĹȻ۾һץסһܵ𹥻
䣡һܻױ
˼״˼֣Ӱɴڡ
ǵĶӵ֮((co)co)ķ壬ץסһ˿Ǿ͵군ˣ
˶ûзӦʱԼĶܿԷȻץסΧļܻȫ
ʵ˵Ƿɴϵˣ׷缸˶Ѿ˾֮С
ǿʲôԼҶӳͻȻô̵ʱ漣̣жԵĻȫ
ǼֱԼ۾ӳ((co)co)սҲ̫̬˰ɣ
Ҳɵӣ²⵽˶ӳȻͻڻ(())йء
˭ڵ٣ʲôЧȫʡ
žǾ֮ͻȻϲ
ӳԷĻȫҲشΣǲɴϵҲᱻǵɱˡ
ҪռﺰԷ޷Ƕ󺰼ӳ䡱
ȻҲٵ˵ޣ֪λ˵Ľ
()

412.412 ̫

412 ̫
ǵĻףȫʧռ
ԭڲͣսֹͣ˹˼ڣȻͷ((co)co)һߣȻŵˣ
սϻʣµǵóսͻףǳҲѡ
ֻ˾⣬һֱ
ǵǵ군ˣ
û׷ĻѾ𻵵ûٶƣҲൽ;ĩ·ĵز
ŹܵǵսǴӻʹµĶλϵͳ׷٣Ȼ͸ڸĵһսս
ǵģڷɴĵһʱ䣬Ѿսţźš
еһսŵսѲߣӵźźϵϣ͸˹
ֻǸϹȴҪʱ䡣
λ׷ٷͳɹʻŻףŰ׷缸˳ŷɴȥ
ɴϵһĿɿڴת̣εĸо
ȻĳɹˣӰʿˮŵʡ
½Σɹˣ
Ȼ뿴һֲ˼
崴漣̣ɺλѲϵͻȻһظС
ô̽鵽ԷսĻ
ȻҲпʹʲô߶̽ģò׼ֻɻ
оźͲ˼Ӱսʿã̫ˣ
˶ԼʧЦҸҲͻȻԵģû뵽ͳɹˣ
һ˳˳ǣǲŲ⻰֮ǰ֪˭ʮ˵
ֻܣǾèץһĺ棬Ҳ̽ʡ
ϾγɹΣռ֮һĹͣĴмġ
ȿȣ̫ǫˣ
Ӹɿһ˵ΣǶл
ԺҾķ˿лӵ̲סЦ
Ҳ׷׵ԶԣԺǾķ˿
ôǵöо
ֹĴʦǣҲ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣĺܴ󣬿ɼ̸µģҲֻнʳڵĻȥ
ʱɫЩȴȵķ壬ż˻
Ŀ(r)ֳݵĿ
ȴЩˣ첽ߵǰ̲סֱ˱
ģһˣ
ҸлϣǵĬô
()һ漴ɣıͺã
ܿſﾡ˳ŵЦ⣬·()ֻβͲͣҡţҪһ
״ü۴ЦеĿ֮ǰ˧
ȥ˯ˣҲϢ12ټ£ôô~~~
()

413.413 ȷĴ򿪷ʽ

413 ȷĴ򿪷ʽ
屻ޣ()βҡһҲżֵ⡣
ǣ׵˧
Ц˵֣㻹ˣ
();ķѱȽأȥϢһɡɫף۵Щ࣬
ҲͬǰսҿˣȥϢɣ
еů͸֧˵ֻãȥ˯һ
һƿһ˯
ƵĲ裬()Ѫ()кܺõĻָЧ
ӹЦŵͷã
طϢӴŻӵҲ뿪
ֹĴʦǣʱ͵Լһۣ()ֹ
ڵҸղŵ˲پҲȥϢƬ̣
ղŵ(qng)ȽΣҲû̫ɴ߹
ȴɿܻܿ촫ȥԵҸԲֵЩ˴̽ѧϰͷ
ɵĹĸҵղصģʲô⴫Ĺӵʶ߲
⻰ڳĴʦе㲻⡣
˵̲סʣղŵ˾
ͷǰҪдߵЧҪӾеġ
þ滻ʶҲ˵Ĺȥ֮Լ¡
һִʦʣСѣľǵd𣿻þϣ
Щֵģ󲿷()ʺ;ˮƽֵcһľbaĶ١
ҪdľͿԸϣﵽӰսʿЧҲ԰
ϵǻôʣǽ͵ҸղŴӷǰȹһƿָҩԵٵʱsҲôԶӰ쵽սʿ
ôͣڳ˲ȻȻżźɸоȷĴ򿪷ʽ
Ǿ˵Щսʿ()ʺ;ôӦbϣôܱһ䵽˫d츳˵Ӱ졣
ҪʱָsľǾˡ
ҲܽЧ
ﵽsָΪΪţܡ
ֻϧȴͻȻdԺҪҲҪָҩ
ҩ϶Ƿģ˵ҩ˾٣Ҳܾܺȵ
ڳ˿˼ֿϧζмͬ(qng)
һͷߣd޷ָҲҪ˵ͬ(qng)
Ǹ˰ɣ˵
()

414.414 

414 
кһҲȥ˷Ϣ
ʶĻ(ͦͦ)ģͬҪָ
ҲýΪĲ㣬ҪʹɹЧۿۡ
˷䣬ֱӱ۾˯ȥ
ͲҴʱ(qng)ޱȼģŻ𻵵Ĳİ׷Ҳͬ
׷°ͣζ˵û뵽ղȻС㵯ģǶӳϵŮˣҲһţ
ϻ˼ô˵ǰҲsľa()ʣҪûе䵽dսսξ𡣡
˵Сϴ(ͦͦ)ģ˶Ǿƽ޷ãѵǴ˵еԵ֣
ǰ϶Ե֣Ǿ䣡
ԺҲСķ˿ˣܹӰս޵ֻ˵̫ţˣ
ԭҪԭΪĵĺóԣڻҪħ
׷˽սţǴСһ·սսУģƽٻ˭
һڻҪһ
Ǽʷɴ϶м豸ڷɻϺϻӵĶֻǱִĿƼȽܶ࣬¼ıȽȫ档
ҲǷڷɴĻ֣֣ɴ¼
ǻԣǵΣ֮ɻڸܵѪҺڣͽƵֿһ顣
ţӴŻӵ˽ȥ״Ҳſһ顣
֮((co)co)սǻսʿеţ
ƵķǳǶϸɱ֮ǰڷɴ()ۿ̫ˡ
رǷÿζܺ͹()Ƕȵıãڳ̲ס(r)Ѫ
Ƶܹǿһ𣿷ս̫˧ˣ뱣һݾо()
С㵯ڴƵﲥųܾԼ·˼һҲ뿽ȥ
һͬǻսʿĻӳԱ̲סʡ
۾һǰǿһݰɡ
Լ׼ҪһݻȥˣӾ֮߳ڻһ(r)Ѫͷͬˡ
Уǿɡ
Իӵ˵ȥѧѧ˵ܹﵽսһʵҪѧһ()Ҳˣ
Ǿģл
ֻҪѪ()ˣ˭뿪Żս棬ȻȽϲˣû밡
һˣŴҲһݡ
()

415.415 ֽ֮

415 ֽ֮((co)co)
ֻϢѲߡ
һ˻صϢңֿƵ
ԽԽ÷սôţ֮((co)co)δżδЧĬĬû̫ϧˡ
(r)Ѫȥø˿ź
̳Ƶȥ
ǻ׵֮((co)co)ܷ
ܹӰսʿֻһţţ
Ƶ˲ͬĿ˻Ǽʷɴǵϸ(qng)һ顣
ʵӷսƵܿʱ(qng)жΣսȡ
̳ÿмʮڣ⣬ܿ˵ȥˡ
׵ıһĻ((co)co)͵ʱΣ(qng)𺳵
ħҲõƵ˾̫˼ˣ
ҵ̫˧ˣһ
׵һˣҪˢһٱƵˢһǧ飡
̫̼̫(r)ѪˣôܻΧҪսںҵĶˡٿ((co)co)漣ķ̣ҳ˵̫˧̫ſ⣬ѾûʲôԼ(qng)ˣ
ҵǿս񣬾ô㣡
ǰһЩɷսսκΪ֮ô죬ܺͼֲͥս֮ǳͿ󣬿ɽٵǸսսĸ֣
ҲҪٵǸҲôΪڿƵҾ÷پŵսܷͬ
((co)co)(r)Ѫ̫ˣһվֱ̬ƵͱʵģӶҲĵط
̳һƬݣʣµȫ(())
Ƶķ췭̣Ҳ˹ע(r)Ż⡣
ҵһ֪ԭӰսޣҲ㵽ˣ
Ҫ˵ǻ׽֮((co)co)ֽ֮((co)co)
()Ӱһڻɵᶨ侲Ҫٰս̣ұĴˣͻȻ()Ӱ˲ߴ
Ҳǣɺܶ˾ĳ棬ˣȴ()漣̣ûûⳡʤ
sţϣлָһ죬̫ˣ
ǰҪָԺսȥ׵ĺɨһƬ
ԭҪȥϴϴһ顣
Ѿʮ飬лл
()

416.416 

416 
½̳Ƶ۵ԽԽࡣ
˵֮ûо·𰲾˼һ
ҲԭҲһˣҲĸо
һԼľ˵㣬֮ǰΪǻþô˵־òǣ
Ҳþ˵㣬Ȼ൫ܸܵԭԭ𣿡
찡̫ţˣ
һǲҪȥԺҵż񣡡
ѾˣϣԺܶŵ㵯ٵƵȥ˵ϴ飬ǰҲţĪľҪǻп
ǰ(i)ŵ֣Ҫˣ
˵˻᳤ֹܵ᲻ٷԵûʸ񣬱Ŀɲ١ֻЩ۲ۣ˭æս֣һˣ
ҲЩ۲ۣǱʵҾúˬ
ҪǸǰ()ʵ䵽dʱҽһ￴Ҵ̫ףҾھҵ־ż񣡡
ҲҪǸ㲻ǷԺҵŮ񣡡
βֻ(ɧɧ)죬ҲͻĴʶ
˵ǲ˿ҲΪƵĲǡ
ֱͻڣҲͻǧŵٶȣЩ쾭ӪǲҪǷ۵Ľʡ
ŵýܿм߹עƵ֮(r)ѪǼͷˡ
ܿ죬Ƶ(r)ͷ˽ŵͷ֮((co)co)ȫˡ
汻Ƶϵþ춯أ(r)ĵˣʱڷ˯㣬ʲô֪
ĸ߲͸ҲϢ㿪Ƶۿ
ܳΪ۶ߵС˰Ȼļ()츳ʵȴֲ۶Уˣʲôµ˿ɲ١
ûмˢӣסЩ첻µزµ竡
εıַǳˣҲôҿʵսʵ
Щ˶ȻĸоĶӣү̫̫ĸαôܲ
صע֮ǰȽ͸͵ҰŮǴһϲ
رǼսŵս˧͸߲ǣƵ֮ͬʱһ뷨һҪŬҪԼս˲žܴˣ
ֺᣬȥԷһȦд17Ҽ~~~
()

417.417 Ҿֻ϶

417 Ҿֻ϶
Ƶŵ̳ϣҵ˲֪¡
լүӡӡֵܣһ()սװӢŮһ
ŮǷĹùãҲǵڶѧԺУš
źȲ裬˵ǼʷɴϮԼƵ(qng)
˵ţŵն
˿ˣֻǼ򵥵ͨƵ˵һͨ
չ꣬е绰
绰ſЦõĽն˵ģʽŰ
˶˵үüʣ˭ͣĸ绰źǲݡ
ε˵ȫǸսź;߲ģҪء
үѾµˣһҾ֪Щ϶һŵ()ͷ̲סŵߣ
ĵ֣СŮӣݳ()ͷף
үӵһֲۣǱ壬˼һЩϼһסˣҪ
㣬ԤģŪȥսŻ߾Һû꣡žƵĿŮ
Щͷۣ֣Ӧ𣿡
ȻУɲ˭ҪҪ˼ұ˵ͬɣ
үЦڣһսţİɣ
ԺϱֶϱҪյ㣬ҲҴӦЩͷ
ߺһ֪ҼˣȻһȺûûƤϼһ
Ҫ֣ȷѾϱ׷ˣ
˵ٵ(qng)ҳУϹԼһĴš
˭ûгϣǾʹӦûûȷϵ
(ͦͦ)ϲŮΪԼҲһŮˣϣѡ
ϷүӾ˴ӣû׷أǸСó׵ıȥ׷Ҳϵڣ̫׳ˣ
ֵ˵ɶӺӣǽ̵ֻɱɱ׷ŮӶᣬҵˣ
Ҫˣβǵȥô죿
үӱȽļ˵ҷܣҾֻ϶ϱŮҿɲϣҲҷҵĴš
ðƯ()áòТڻᵯ٣ͽ˵ϱˡ
ǹķӺͷֵܳ˳ǣòƽս˶ȥսʿѵӪүԼɣھȻ
ԽԽСˣ
()

418.418 ûô

418 ûô
үӵĻǶͬġ
ҪǸҺ⣬Ů˻ؼңֱӴȣ
ҵƵ֮ǰͱȽϲϿˡ
ǷҵãҪ߷ҪȢԼ˽ţǿصֻǶԷƷԼԼϲϲ
ûųôâֻҪϲƷû⣬Ƕͬ
ĶŵЦ˵֣ж︣ģҲ޸У׷ؼֻʱ⡣
սŵ(qng)ҾԺ룬Լѡɡ
ŲҿҵأиУʵѡսţȱҵٿ
ǸʱǿѡǸսŶơȫվԼѧĽǶȿǡ
µһսŵս˧ףѧҪǲԸ룬ҲԲǿ
ҲˣҪһսŵҪְ񣬲ҲҪҵſʼͬ
ɳ̫Ĵ̫ˣϣӺδϱڶڼܹɵ㣬־ֳ֣ٴ(qng)£ǵš
˸еĻ
үҲǱͷ̼ˣУǿŰɣϱǽ˲ţҶֻ϶С
ˣεƵ˵бףø˹עͬʱҲ϶лʵ̫Ͷһ޶ˡ
үɫż֣һҪ⣬ȡʩҪЩ()ıΣС
εǵͻϮʱ䣬ҿûô򵥣ɴϵĶЩִʦͨ˿ͣҾЩȫпܾǳȥġ
ȻȥĿ()Ҳܴ±Ҫ鵽סүİ塣
ͬѾȥˣ㸸׷ģ
ӺδϱİΣ˵ҪſƵʱѾ˸ȥˡ
үӵͷӵǱȽŵģȥ˾У
ܸ˵绰ûнͨ²ܵܿϢûٲ
Ǵ˰׷ĵ绰ȷǾ԰ȫģźкһҲų׷
ǼʷɴϣʱɴѾ뵽۹Ĵ㡣
о֮ǰĵʶ滺˲٣()
ϴ£˳ȥ
дƣˣе뿴ͽ棬ҽһдģ19ôô~~
()

419.419 ܰ

419 ܰ
ɣҲŴӷ߳
˶һ۶ЦЦ
һֲֻڿ㶵ָֻƦģ
ˣ
ţף̧ͷɫ˺ܶ࣡
һɫѾˣżֺ󣬿ȥӾȡ
յߣһ⻹Ƕ㣡
оֵģֽ̧ͷƿǶҵҩлл
ˣǵķɴҵ𣿡Է()ӣӦòô׷ŹԷ
Ц˽ң
ȥҺ˵˵
ǼʷɴϵĲԱ߾ǿҪΪÿһġ
ͷУߣ
֮ǰĶǵ(qng)ﲢûĵĳ˿͡
һλ£ԱЦ˹
еļҪزסˣλҪȿ𣿡
ɴϵĿȺûӿռóһпȵ˹ȥ鷳𣿡
ԿȱȽϲռŲĥõģʱݡ
ԱԷܳݣҲȽϲӹãλԵƬ̣
ĿλϣͷŴɫҹշǵ㣬뵽ܿҪ㣬һõĻȡ
ģԭһ()(qng)Ȼʣ뽫ڻһࡣ
˶û˵ѵõľʱ䡣
ܿ죬һɴĿζ
ԱȹŵǰֽʣµĿȻλã
ллЦЦ
Աܳ
Ȼת()ص˰̨͵͵Ŀ˷һۣ㿪̳ӣٺ׷һ
Ƥúã𪴵ƣòϲ
ܶƬ̲סĶ˶
һ˹ȥʣˣСܺһ𣿡
ʵ˵Һϲ㣬̳ܶҲƬ
ԴϲԼһ򶼱ȽƣЦð
ԱĿȻնһƬ
ű༭Լͷ˸ͷͱΪҪ(r)ȡ
գݸʣҿ԰Ƭȥ𣿡
ԣһۡ
ƵѾȥüһƬνˣ
лл㣡Ա()һ̲סϲħ
϶Է**̳еᣬĶûкշء
Աл뿪ͻȻתͷЦ˵ܰأ
⻰˲䲻ˣ¶Цݵ۹⣡
()

420.420 Ȼǳ

420 Ȼǳ
Աٴλص̨󣬽Ƭ˳ȥ
˲ǺܿƬĽƬȻûpûޡ
գһˮܽȻȥεУһչ̲ס(())
ҲΪƬø˷ǲķ˿˳ΪŮ
űĿȣ̧ͷŷ壬㲻Ҫ˵˵𣿡
һڣ֮ǰû׶Ƕλ˵һսŵѲ߶ӣղǸϢѾסǵսץסࡣ
֮ǰ̽ģսʣµ˰ɣʡ
ͷǵġ
⣿רǼʷɴģ
صˣҲֻС֪ĲǺ֤ܶ࣬ʵĿǳǼʷɴ
ǵϴӵһ߶İ񣬶㣡
ż䣬ԷֻһҪ󣬽ܴһףҪ޷ץ㣬Ǿͽɴˣһɷɴʧ¡
һγԶžȻ(qng)
ͬʱҲңֽŽ񣬷ܻһӡ
ûж⣬Ȼǳİ
ǽ׵Ķ֪𣿡ʡ
ҡҡͷ˲֪˵׶Ƚأֻϴ磬ϴѾһˡ
һתһ˵ɴг̣ͨɴϵ˷תǵġ
˲˲ɴеԱڳµİСʱǰ˶ⷢһϢȥԱϢѾȫй¶ķɴ١
ֿƼȻŰЧʸߣʣ־𣿡
Ϊʲôһһ׼
Цû취̾ġ
˿ûʳʲôЩʡ
Ѿð׷˿־ҲǱõģ콻һŮѣȻԷһǰ򱧲ƽ˵㲻ٵĻҲ硣
ڷɴϣԷϵȻͽɴλ(to)ȡˡ
㱻ãҲ޹ģȴĽǷɵƲãѾ˺úк־ˡ
΢΢üôԷ֪ҪμӽͿʼˣ
ЦҲ֪ʲôˣȻôңһһ
21㻹һ£Ȼȥʮǳʨɷ£ٺ~~~
()

421.421 ǵһμɣ

421 ǵһμɣ
Ҳ⣬⣬ǾǺȥ
һ᳹鵽ףǵ׵ڳ
˵һɿܺļұйϵϾչļѹ֤ݡԴӾӪũ˽˹ݺҵؿ˲٣Ǽɵˣ
ͷ˶ɱ⣬ļһûǸʵôһһľ֣Ҳö֮ǰǵһǵš
ļұ벻Լ˭¹Թ
ͷҲĻɣҲ£ܻὫЩˮҳģ
ʱĳ֣ĺܶˡ
ţҳһһʵ˺˿ڿȡ
()ĶأΪϲġҲ簵ŪЩȫ
年ǵȻģ
ǵ뷨ֲıˣԽԽϲˣ
˵ĿȺ꣬ǼʷɴҲ۹Ǻ˾
ʮСʱķɴ֮ǰϮɵĵ飬۹Ѿ賿
ӷɴҶżƣ롣
۹ǱҲѾյǼʷɴϮϢμ˱֡
һĴͣڲԶ˶˳Ȼͨذ졣
˴Լʮӣ˳ͨһ̧ͷͿ˲ԶվŵŮӡ
һɫĳȹ˳ţױݲŨȴվȫŮһ
ⲻ㣬˭
Ҳ˴Ӱͨ߳Ů
ɫȹվģһ֮УվȺ׵ľһķ羰ߡ
һۣ诳߹ֵĸ߸Ьȴɡ
Ҳһˣ첽诶ȥ
Ȼ̲סӵ
㣡ȦЩ죬ͷ诵ľѣһ
ӵͷﾡ(i)磬ͷ
İ磬ҵԼˣã
诺ӵ¶һʶܾõϤһǽõĴ
Զվŵ׾Ǿȣ诽ӴЩ(r)ǵһμ¶(qng)ԼǺǻ
诽ĺҪԵô
ûǴĻǵһμɣ
ҲȲѵĿӵһˣ()ϸܵһǰδе
Ҳ˺뷨
()

422.422 

422 
诺ӵһᣬܵԱ˴()ϵ¶ȣԼϤϢ˶һЩС
诵ĻЦ⣺ôǺ˾ˣ˵Ƶҵ𣿡
Ϊ鷢ϢǼʷɴˣնҲ޷ͨҺܵľ͸Ϲˣ
ϢʱһȻһֱĵȴֹǿܵǺվá
ԼұðȻվǰžʵ
еĵģ׾ůɫΪ£֮ɴϾͲ(yn)˿ͶⷢϢͽӴ绰ý㵣ˣ
û¾ͺãЦȻ֣ؾƵˣȥסɡ
׼ͷ߽Ŀʣ𣿡
˵()ݶȽо()ر̫()ݡ
ҲߵԱߣסȷʵ(ͦͦ)ģǵҾȥסƵɡ
΢΢£ѵ诣һʱ棬ܵϮҲȽˣ
ҪûзǼʷɴϵ(qng)诽ؼңһȥƵסҲûʲô
Ͼ֮ǰǸȽй츳ѧ⣬()ƲǺܴ
Ǽʷɴϣȴչ¶ӵܹӰսʿս()ݾͱȽˡ
߽Ӵ̫࣬ᱻ˻Ĳ졣
ǱߵҲԲ(yn)ȥǼסġ
֮ҲϿõƵ
ֻź˵ȥƵ㣬һֳԷ
ԭõ㳤̸()ˡ
ҲΪźþûкͽסһҹˣãҵ㣡
ʱҲ˹
崩սװƦһضк̫(din)ºã
¶һЦݣսã
һŵӾЩתλ۹ս̫ӣ̫ղźӵһ
۹̫ϤӹϵܺãЩ˼飡
ŽӴԽ࣬Խֿ͸ܸ˴ʱʱ̾
ܿ׿Щ뷨ùǴк
Դܹ⣬()ҲܿС̫ӣֶ֮ս˵()ǶԵȵġ
ȴô㣬
˫кǰţʱĻᴫ̸ĵЦ˶ܸоõλŮʿ(qng)ܺã
ı꣬лл׶ͺͶƱף(i)~~~ʮʱʮһ~~
()

423.423 

423 
˶ģûκܶ()(qng)
ߵǺ˾ſڣֻʱֱĳͷǵŵһ
һͣȥ֮ǰõľƵꡣ
˾簲ŵģ·Ϸûô˵
˾Ƶ꣬Ƚͻķ䡣
ȥ֮ûߵĴ㡣
˵˯̫һ㶼ҺȱȣٻԼɣ
ЦЦУ
()óȱͿȣ÷(r)ˮ
ӹһĵ̫(ͦͦ)ǵģҿԵԾҲûôӵء
ɳϣҺһʣԵְɡ
ǲģûз֣ǳûһءͽü۱Щֻʲͬ
ҡҡͷûôûע⡣
⣬ŮŶ࣬Ҳȥϸ˼ҵĳࡣ
˾ͺá
ѣֻ()ݲͬܵӰսʿƵع()ҲǰһˡһֱڹĳϣȻ¡
Ȼзִ磬ֻĵ̫ˡһ䡣
ŮˣѵúһôϲͶԵڳԴףϲĵģ
ֻ()Ǽ鷳¡
֪˼ţǻעġ
˻⣬ˣ֮ǰ㵯٣һܹĵĸо
ԭΪǴҿ̳ﲻƵӣҲƵĸооĵã
ͷԭþǾģֻþԼǿ˶ǼսʿȣҲ˾˴á
˵žֻǾĵġ
ûͷʶԾþˡ
ͷԭˣҲڣ
ľ(jn)޷ãһٱҲûܵЩ˵á
Ц˵ãҲǷֵģǶÿ˶áʱͺЧ︡ߴ(qng)˾Ϳ϶Ч
ҪǲÿֻҪ㵯ٶʡ
ɣֻٶȣֱӷҩô죡
ѧ伮ΪһרԹģһϴӾꡢġʶȡ
ΪЧҲԽá
дһ룬װӵĴ绰ǰʱ䣬Һֻд͵~~극Ҫװӣ18~~ʮ£Ԥȫƻ21-22ңһ𿴵21֮һˢ~~ôô
()

424.424 Ҽ

424 Ҽ
Ļ÷۾һ
(qng)ãԺ㵯ٵʱǵýȥЦ˵
ʧЦľָɹ˵ɣҲǰ״
ͷȻ
ҲţģԽԽҫˡ
Ҫ̫ȥֳԷʡ
ţҺȥҲԼɡ϶ܴȥͽкܶ໰Ҫ˵ء
ЩΣǵһ̫ױ˶ˣһǸŰɡ
ԶԶĴ˸ţڱ֣ԲӰ˵ĻЦŲ䡣
Ǽʷɴϵ(qng)ȥ
۹ҲǸְ壬ɻвٶء
ô˵ͬˣаɣ
һȣ뿪ķ䡣
ڶһ磬ϴ軻·žͱˡ
űԼҽվſڣţп㣬ͷβʮֵ崿
ҲǲĴ磬ȻǵĬ㵽һ磬Ҳı䡣
㣡诿Ĵ磬оЦ⡣
гҪ԰ɣ(ͦͦ)ġ
诺ԥĽţðð
Źϣ诵߸档
ס֮Ѿ˷䣬ûκμ豸˵¶Ƚϰȫ
诽֮ӵ£ã
رǰԴ֮һֱҽأ
˷ſһЦ
ȥͣʲô
˵Ƥ()ˮС
ƵӦûʳģ
֣˳֪ϲԵģԶڿռء
Ҿ֪Ҽˣ
诸Žȥռ䣿ħܷųľϵĶˣ
ͣǣ()ԴĿռܣָֽĹܱȽƣ
оʽԭпռܷܺ㣡
óڿռƤףȰƤ()ࡣ
ֺ棬ϡ
һԿţæⷽǸϣĶǺڰ
̫ûһӣһЦŴȤ
Ļصҵ¥£ҸˣȻ˼˸ң鷳ˣ
ĺܷ()ݣһɶûС
̾˿ȷʵ鷳һȥ֣Ҳ˸ţǡ
()

425.425 Ǿ͹

425 Ǿ͹
ԼˢϿһЩۡ
ЦǸսС˧Ҫţ
Цǰ
说յǰС˧ǲǺˣ
飬ҷ(qng)⣬ʲôʱΪ㣬ǳԣ
ʼ磬ûãûкұ׹Ǿһദ
⻰û˼գգ۾
Լҽøлеģһ˾ʱҲҡұףǲõģ
˵Ҳô׷ģ̧̧°͡
Ǽһǰ()ûٵףһӦء
Ѿ֪˼ˣǣòûô׷
Ҿ(ͦͦ)ģôһվǰͿһۣ˵ֻҪϲˣǾԵҳϡְ̧ͷ
Ц⵹ǣֵܵסҽ̫ˣ
ò()Ļ()񣬶˵()ܴ׵ұ
ǣԿ£ͬ
ЦеĲͷʣ̫أ
ϵЦ΢΢£Һأ
飿Ϊҹŵ(qng)𣿡΢΢ü
诵ͷɣܾǺңżַ
ҹŵ(qng)֪ûǸŮˣȴϸͣ
ЦȻͣƾʲôţʲô̸ȥģ
Ͳ֪Ĵ̣ҹ¼ҵ̬ȡ
֪綯˸(qng)ֻǻûΪԷδ̵ĵز
Ҳǽһ(qng)ˡ
ĻȷʵֵãΪҹŵĲϲҽֵøõģ
ǽȻ()кܴͬܶණּһԸ(qng)ҪľһһΡ
ȻǾ͹
ԷҲһҪ˸кøУҲҪϳԼ̵ġ
诽°ǵĸ򣬡ǣΪ˭أȵ˶ǣôֲҲ
(ƨp)̫()ݣƽҲûҴٱƣ
Ҫ飬ȥǰδްɣҲ÷㣬ߺߣ
20~~
()

426.426 ˭ϡ˭ȥ

426 ˭ϡ˭ȥ
ЩԼҽ㡣
Ǹӿ˵ˣȻԲʲôǰδޡ
ԣֲ̫ϡ
о۹ּ̳лλĻʵ۶лʺͻкüλͬĸֵܡ
(yn)һ޶檵ģֻһһޣػ顣
㻹û̫Ͽ˦˴ӣֵһһˣŲ˹һϹ
ɿļ򣬡ţ̫ʲô˭ϡ˭ȥ
ͬ𣿡ʡ
̾˿ͬ⣬ÿҺᣬǺҼǼװû
ͬͬ⣬Ҷ룡
֪ԼҽϲԼڵ()Ϊˡ
ţɣ֧㣡㣬ȥסɡ
ЦһðҺʹ㣡
ֻҪʵʩòƱȽѣ۹ĸ߲㣬(yn)
Ҳ֪Ҫף۾תתҪҰ͵ɵɡ
̧ͷЦ͵ҲףҪǽʵ߲ˣٰҰɡ
գԼ취
ţô㲻۹͸ң취ߣᶨ˵
ֹ˹ã
ాúˮСҲ¯ˣŵԡ
ʮܵĺһ࣬ﻹܺȵҼ࣬ĺҸ
ǰѧճԼϲ⣬ϲĲˣҲҸС
ǣǽԲˣ
˵΢΢ֻǲ֪
̾˿ǰһϢûУ
Ҿô϶Ҳһ
˶˵һǲȻ׼úŪ˿Ⱥ壬ʱǵĶƬҪǿ϶ϵҵġ
۾¶˿ʣã
ֻϧҵ()ޣȻҲȥŪһǲ̫()ݡ
ĸ첲οû£ԺҪʲôҰ㷢
Ҳֻˣ诵ͷ
ͣûмųȥ֣ɳ졣
ʣϴϿıܣڵļˣ
ʵ(qng)˵һ飬ûʲô(qng)Ҳ(ͦͦ)õġ
ߵ(qng)Σ˵ǱȥʱѾ˵統̫ģ
()

427.427 

427 
䡣
ڵļұȽϸӣǳþüǮԴָ֮ļҵʱʱҪֱӰȥˡ
ļ(qng)̫ˣرԭ()ĸףֱеս
漴()ϣ˵ģû(qng)Ҳ(ͦͦ)õģʡûҪ壡
Ƕĳˣ˶Ǻãǻر
ȻҪǣҲ
һᣬſ
()ȥţֻһŰ׳ºİվſڡ
˭ʡ
ӻصǸ̫
说ʱҲѾߵſڣûʣ
̫ھƵ궺ʱȽϳǵ淢̽ӣ̫뿪Ƶ꣡ӹ˵˼ˡ
֪ˣ
漴һƽžһ¹ϡ
óն˾͸˵绰
ֻ룬ͶӰͳ˷
诣ôˣ¶˿º͡
޵ϻŭ𣬡磬ǵ̫ǵ
ھƵһɣû𣿡
Ҫʱǰ϶Ҫ£ˣ
ε˵Ҫɣ˶ǣҪһֱھƵ궺ͻ¡
۹ڣǲǱQ֪ҲУȥ֮ҪǱ˹ʱ͵һμ۹̫һܾãҲӦûȽ鷳
֪诵ĻƢǵĹϵҪѩϼ˪
ѹЩ˵ıQȴǷУӰ뻤õһƬ
诵ߣһżҧгݵζЩ()ıˣɣ
˵Ƶͨ
诵ͶӰʧǰԺ(())ҧгݵģ¶Ц⣬Ůôʻ(ͦͦ)(i)ġ
Ƶ绰Ҳ侲˺ܶࡣ
ԼνҪʹ飬ûع鷳Ͳˡ
ǳȥְɡһڹڳһЩ漰()ݵĻûˡ
诵֣㣬ˣֲµģ˭()ңҾʮ
Ǻþûһˣã
ļұڶҪΪͲҺԼҽӴҲͲˡ
ŲЩ룡
()

428.428 ǳʶ

428 ǳʶ
ҲΪӰ˺ùֵ(qng)ȴӼᶨҪʹ˼
ʰ£ֳš
һֱڷĶͽŲ˳ȥ
ܹרŵѵУܱĽŲͼ
̫ã󷽺说кͿЦʣҪȥ
ͷţһȥ򣡡
׼Ҵ˸Ǻ棬Բӽ׵ķΧȽԾ
ƽԾ̬ȺǿƶԱʮǧ
Ҳ诶ܻΪԼ÷ˣֶһøС
ã鷳ˣ
ЦЦÿ
尲ȥǰģŰ׷һ˽˵ڶ
˼Լ̫˱˰ŵĳЩΣܿʾ
֪ѾΪ֮ǰ(qng)ˣɲһϽͣǾǰбС
ִʱÿ¶Լųȥ򣬻һĴȥΣʮֵ
磬()ݻвƣܾûôˡ
Ǵӽ̳ʼһֱͣпռ䣬ǻᡣ
Ҫˢնˣȫ说˻ȥ
ֱӺ󶨵նˢˢǸģȻﲻˬ
ѹס޺;ûշѣˢİá
ԼҽС()ЦУǾˢˣ
ǱߵնϣÿһͻյһϢ
û߲ᣬǷһȣּͷ
˴죬说ȥ˳۹ߵʳ
ζȻܺԼأҲһζҲǰʱûеġ
ȥź˶ֽŹ䡣
ϵ·԰ЬӣΡȻ
ڲԶİ׷״̲ס̾ǰ˵Ů˹ܷǰţǳʶˣ
ߵ˴̳һ˼ʮȻڹ
ȥȫǼ֪ݳƷ꣬첻֪ҪѶǮ̫̫ܼˣ
һͬǰ̫ˣһ·һ¹ʣߣԺŮѣҸϲģȻ϶û¶١
漴˶Ͷ塣
ӳӺϲҪȢؼңöܼҰ
ĸ2230~~
()

429.429 Ҳ̫˰

429 Ҳ̫˰
һ۾Ϳǵ뷨
û˵ʲôµģŮ()ϲͺã
Ҫ¹ȥӰ˹֣ȥˢնˣõ
ҵ׺ֻܺҪĿľУ
ѹǵ()Ů˾ģɲܿˣӵĿһۡ
׷˳˳ǣ²˵㲻ǵ()һ
ܼҶҪţӳҲ̫˰ɣ
ֻԶӳļͱ£òҲܼҡ
һ۹̫Ҫܼ̫Ҳ
ŮˣҲֻ̫ӺǶӳĲˣǻ޵ġ
ǰ棬˵ʶͷſģ˵ûпѹǽˡ
ĿԼãС˧Ȯ
ʧЦǰ(())ģر()Ȼֺҽۻۻңëɶˣת()ġ
ת()ܳȮķչ
Цż˵ҿǰرһֻʱҡβСǹú棡
ʵʱҲָо
Ǽһǹ()Ѿô
ţԣõЦ
һ£Цõ˵ֵģ
ԭ֮ǰԼȥ诼ģΪ()ԭֻзҲڰмǡ
说ȥ˱ȽԶһҺܳɫԷλ÷ǳѶҲΪϰʶԤһպñ˶λá
ڰǰͶˣ诶һ˿λá
ûӣҲûԣһ
ˣûܣҲùܡ
ûпŰ׷¡
ȵˣȻ÷˵㡣
Ƚϴڣ˼ϲģ׷˾ͱȽϾˡ
˱Ƚ϶࣬ϲ˵ٶȾͲǺܿ졣
ϵر׷ֻš
ڷԱն̲ʱ˲
ǳԾԱ߿ŵΨһλá
һ㶣Ȼüͷʣôˣҿû㣡
ֽ̧ڵĿӽ⿪һţڸ£˵߳ԷҾ͹䷹ˣ
дЦĿ诣˳һؼң
诰һۣллˣ
лΪɷӦõģƤҲ
һȭҪģ
()

430.430 ɵһ

430 ɵһ
ǹڳϣȻ綯֡
ͷ̫ұ̫ӡ
óԼҽϲ
˿űȽɢһλ߰ȴһ˿Լûвᡣ
ֻϧ()ݺһЩӵԴ£ȴǺֵܱܿ߳ԭ
һֱе죬żһ䡣
ȫԾ룬һ
⶯ǱȽϸģҲǽ(i)ȵģ˵ƽǹ˽ϰߵġ
עһֱ()ϣĿϣҲܿ췴Ӧ
ùǰ룬ͬһǰٶЦã˵ѧĿ졣
ҲˣЦԼһڡ
üҵСǹ(ͦͦ)(i)ġ
ʼԷù˲ϲԵģŵǰĲ
ûоܾĺ⣬˳
״Ҳͬ(qng)
˲ʱ̧ͷл˿ǣҪ±ȥһ
׷һֱСԼĴڸУ̫ӺͶӳľٶֱҪϹǵ۾
˾ǶŮ˶ó⣬оڰԽϾһ
Ǿ벻ͨˣֲ׷ͬһŮˣбҪϾ
ȻҲˣҲû뵽˻ɵһ档
̫(din)£ðһ𣿡̧ͷȿڴƽ
ſӵһ٣ĵЦʰɣ
Ȣ̫֮󣬽𣿡ʵ⻰Ϭ
Ҳ£û뵽û⣬ȴûֹʵҲ
֪߲ƣЦ˵ˣ
˵ֻҪһ̫Ҳֻһʺ͹ˡ
Ů˲(r)ԣϲ诸һ⡣
ԼžԵţϻλҲҪŮ̺ʹĹϵ
óļᶨ棬ͷллش𣡡
޿ޡ
˵ĻԱ߼һ䣬һֱ֤ԺҲֻȢһ
ۣ̲סЦüСǹ̫ˣ⻰ֻ㡱ˡ
ԺҲֻȢһ
ͷŷ壬еЦ˵ȢҲû취һһޣҪȢһǾػˣʱүүܴȣ
˳ǡ
ۣ׷˶̲סЦ
ǲɵΪԼӳ˸ò׷֮·
()

431.431 Ҫ

431 Ҫ
һٷȽ죬뿪ʱѾϾŵ㡣
ֻܸؼң˵ֽ
ǻپһ죬ȻþҪˡ
Цŵͷţ
Կڸʻλϡ
˶û˵һ·̣ƳĬҺ˵Ļġ
诵Ŀһۣ㽫ɲҶûϵ
һ诣ˣǺͺðɣԺôԣ
ڲ̸ۣʲôˣԺôԣ
ȡи̰ˡ
绹˵ʲôɼ̧üģ۾Ǻƣģ˽ȥ̾˿
ڼնɨһۣüͷûнӡ
Ȼ۾ʶȴŵģͨ˱޵ļӳ֣ΪѾˡ
в׽նϵ֣ɲǾλǰδޣЦһǻϵأ
治ҽӵ绰һֵĺ(qng)˲䱻ƻ
˽ȥû˵صҺûֱ¥ϴ˯
ֻܼȥͷϢʫŸƵ绰ûнӡ
ȻҪԭļƻȫûٺ͹ʫıҪ
֪ˣǵĹϵҪ¡
ϴԷִ˹Щֱᷳӽ˺
սһͷȴȥ˾ưɡ
Ӳϳþ棬Ǿʷȥȥ档
ǰͽÿһطΣϲȥưΪȽϲơ
Ȼһ𣬺ԥͬˡ
һ׷˸ϻȥϢ˵ǵĵݣͿȥ۶һưɡ
˽˾ưɣܿҵһĿλ¡
ưûа䣬һɳһɳʱ㻹պûʣһ
º˵ĵơ
ͻȻһģ֮ǰӦҵһ»ûʵأ
ĪĿʲô
˵ҪƸҺȣǼϾûе֣ȴһֱûкȵϴżСί
Ҳˣ֮ǰûеƵĲϣȥ͵ȣ
üЦ˵Ҫҹ(r)ʱҺȰɣ
омӡ
Цŵͷã
һҪͣ
һ»ûд꣬һڿ((Ʊ))23~~
()

432.432 취

432 취
õĳŵ(qng)ã
һԱɫľƹ
ɫûһڣڸҲԡ
Ҳһڣûĺúȣ
Цɻûȹҵľء
úҶ֪Ŀ϶úȣһš
̸Ц䣬ԱͻȻһˤӵ
һŮ𣬡㣬̫ӻûнĵ绰𣿡
⻰۾ʫ俣λǰδޣ
ɵð
ư˳裬Ա˵󣬿ͷȴͨˣõ
ʫżԹӣ˺
漴ƱݺݵĹһڣһֱֳѾʧȡ֮ƻе()
ʲôȻ˺ʼ˵ŮӲš
漴˵᲻诸ɵģ
ʫ򴽣оŭûпܣŮۿСˣ
ǰ϶ɵģȻ̫һ᲻ĵ绰Ůͬ˵
̫ӻȥֻ𣿲ӵ绰ֱڣҪֽļƻô죿Ůʡ
ʫҲƣʦ챻μֻᣬԴһǹѧǰͱѡˡ
ÿ˻ԴһλŮа顣
ԭа飬һȥμֽᣬҲܽ׽¶Է˿ϲˡ
ҲŮ˿ôҪֻᣬѡȴ()ߣöԷԼλá
û뵽ԼᱻڣҲһϵ˵ţһ诸ɵġ
粻ôģƽĮһǲһģǲܳΪޣҲô
һ£̲ס˼ĳǡ
ҪǼû˻飬̫λþģﻹŵķݡ
İ۹ģһܰﵽ磬ҲͲ˻ˡ
ĺϲֻ֮󣬼ĳڶȰ˵Ŷҡ£ҲΪԼһ·ûд
ٴ绰԰ɣ˵
ŮС˵ҲҪȥμֽᣬ취󣬽֮ǰǴεٵĳһ
Ϊ̫ӴһñӣǾ֮ǰ̫ѹ˻ޱҲҪ̫λʼҿɲ(yn)ֳţ顣
ʫ俿һۣϵ(qng)ˣ
ȴ̲ס˶
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

433.433 㵹ǻץص

433 㵹ǻץص
ʫ俺ôֹ˻⣬()뿪ˡ
뿪ıӰ˼
ʣ׼ô죿
ȻصôȻʰ
ʫ俼ᶨƵ绰һֱġ
ȴܿ϶ԼҽŲôĵ(qng)Ů̫Լˡ
ãҲ뿴Խǰδ޵̬ȡ
ͬĵͷǸʰ
ֻΪ̫λãȻƻ诵ףŮ˺ܶ񶾡
رδޣȻ˻ˣȥ˼ңⲻСо
ˣǼֹˣôԼμӣа飿ץסص㡣
صʸȽϵִʦܴһλԼѧȥμӣȻÿ˶ܴһ飡
۾һҵаɣ
ü㵹ǻץص㣡
ǣҴЦЦ
˽ƺ꣬㿪˾Ƶꡣ
ڶ죬˵һͣŴǰ᳡
᳡۶һҸ߼ƵŪ˾ƻʽ
ִʦǣ֮óȻһ
ʵҲǿ˭ӸãִʦǰԽһ¡
Ȼ˲Ϊ˹ģҲġ
һ()ɫɫ׼ԦһСľͻԵ
ɴ()ϣޣɢһεĳ
һ(to)ɫսװſ˧дżмӵζ
ԭѡһ(to)βģȴսװÿ(ɧɧ)Ļһ(to)սװȻҲʺ
ڣ˾ԵñȽͨˡ
һͶ()ϵĿܶ࣬žޡ
ſŷ֣ƣһҸط
ӹƵͷã
˸˼۹ֹĴʦҲˡ
ʫһǰţδһõĨ()ж˼޸УֻǺЩô
ƲƲ죬ѧɷȮ
Ů˾ȻҪ
֪˼Ц̫žԸˣ
Ȼ诵Ĺע࣬Ů˺ûȡ
ʫ俵а鲢磬һĿӡ
һֱڹע۹һ۾ϳˣ⿡Ƕ졣
()

434.434 

434 
΢΢üʫ俽аʲô
ʱЯ߽
说һ()ٺɫϵسȹͷҲ࣬ױݾ´ִһ()
Ҫǻ˴ɫһָ߹޶Ŀ֮УþĶǣ
ǿչ诵ұڣȫŮʿǵĽ㡣
ûдǴһ(to)īɫսװòʷǷ
ò϶Աȣʤ졣
ʫ俿޵˵诣̲סҧҧֽ˽
Ȼоü΢΢һ
ĿͶ诣ζζЦ
诽ͷſ磬Ȼ
(ͦͦ)ģȻȻνЩ˵Ŀ⡣
ǵЦŵҲյأ
ҸطᣡͬȫǵĿ⡣
诵ͷã
һߵһɳ£Ҳ˳ƶһơ
ϴŵЦߵǰսһһ
ֻǵμֽᣬίߡ
˻ξƱƦЦð
˶žƱߵ˲Զɳ¡
һǿƣһɢſקƦ˧ҲΪʿеĽ㣬ڳŮʿ̲סʱ͵顣
ս֪ʲôʱܹϲأЦŷ塣
λսһƾеǿǲǵˣŮ˵ĹϵǿԽá
⻰絹˳˼֣㼪ԣʱɻһ㣡
뵽Լһ(din)ã̲ס˿
Цһ
ڵЩϾҲӦóչ⽻Ǹѡ
ԵĹӣɵ׵竣ʾоˡ
۹ǿеĿһֱֻϧûдɣ˵Դ֣ݻ
˱Ų˼һߺȾһűȽ̸òԶվŵ۵һ˿()
һߣҲǵš
ս诡
ֻ˲õ˵㣬ȥư棬˹ʫ俣Сͱ˵ĶԻ
()

435.435 ɵӣ

435 ɵӣ
֪Լõ()Ҫûʲôᡣ
˵ˣҪڽҰɣʻȴȽϿ϶
Цҽô
ڽᶪȻ̫Ӵñӣ䡣
Цǵɵӣ
ôɱ˰ڲӣ
ô˵Сĵ㡣
˵жˡжһ˿еĵƤҪǽˣʡþQ㡣
诳Ĺ˹ıӣаǽþûˣ
¶һղɫ
ģ㣬ʫ˲Ƶ绰磬Ȼ󲻶ϱң˵˺Ϊɵġ
ˣ쵱а飡
Ȼгɼȴϲ˶Լҽν򣬹һЩڼ
课£ԭȥ֮Ҳûнӹʫ俵ĵ绰뵽˺
뵽Ǹڴ㣬ҪķҪа飬ԼЩˡ
ûԼȥԼ죿浱ԼǹȦе£ڵ۶ʵĻλ֮С׻еˡ诲ûнʫ俷
ֵܿɶƲ硣
ʣ˵ʲôܾò⣡
漴˼һתƣñӰɣ
ҪĻǾǻʼҵһϷͳš
췢˵ʲôҵ̬ȿ϶ý㡰ʲôġ
ôһ룬ԽԽԼµˡ
С׻ǸҪ̫λãѪĳȥ㡣
û¶֮ɫӺ˿ھƣϲЩϲֶ̨Ρ
ƻǺϬɹΪҵƷ
ɹʫƾʲôΪϹأ
Ů˵ĺʲôأе档
ҲЩŮúլ()ֶó棬Ů˺οΪŮˣƫƫЩŮ˿͸
㣬Ǿ֮֮()ɡɲ̱۸Լҽ㡣
ЦҲôġ
Ҫ֪𣿡գգ۾ʡ
ÿǰδ޵̬ȡ
Ҫѡƫʫ俣˵׿Թˣüӿ̣ʲôֶΣҪ뿪۹
컹ʮ1930ôô~~~
()

436.436 ȷʵ

436 ȷʵ
һ֪Լõ⣬ͷ
У
ն˸巢һϢ÷һġ
ã诵ͷҪѡԹۻҪС»ޣʦȻ󹫿飡
ǸʱҲӻ᲻ᶪǼˡ
֣ţҪǸôȥͷһ٣Ȼ͸·
Цã
˵ҪҲһ飬׷ôࡣ
֮ô磬Ǳ߷յնϢˡ
˼֣ˣм̫(qng)֪òú˵
ԭĵȻһʲô£ս֪
ģʫ俺˵ȫһֲ©
žŮ˶Ҳǹµġ
Ŀ˿磬ʵ˵Ҫ̫ñӣҲܴܺӰ죬޸㣬ȴûӡ
Цһȷʵģ
ﲻɵһŭʫ俵ĵӻ湻󣬾Ƶ̫ͷϡ
Ϊƻú͹˺ǸҪ
оõ()ɢ֪ϣעͺˣ
л(qng)ҼˣӶԷ˾١
嶼˵ˣҲȻ诵ģҪɾ鷳ˣ
Ҳû뵽Ĺʽϣʫ俾ֶƣǶҪǼȥ
˾پƱС˼
˶һ()װǰ
·ϴһЦŴҿڵӭλǰ۹μεǼֽᣬʽʼ
˶
Цż˵ڽῪʼλѾ׼õִʦཻ̨ɡ
()һ̨٣ҪԼ
ã˶׷׵ͷ
ִܿʦ̨٣С١١˹Сšŵȡ
ߵִʦҲȥ٣ӡӹġ
һһְֵٻŵĸо
ֻЩһ㣬ϾʱڵֱҪúܶࡣ
ʣ׼ʲô
ص׼÷Ūٵʮ
ú͹ٵĸоǲͬģ׼һ飬Ͼʮܵ(qng)
˼ǴɡͻȻ´Сʱ~~22ôô~~
()

437.437 Ҫ

437 Ҫ
˵󣬿ʡ
أ׼ٻС٣һ𣿡
óϲġ
ĵûƾ͵һ׸ƾһС
ţǴҪΪʹ⡣
ʫǱһۣҾýʮ**Ҫһ档
ֲ̧ưŷ˿ҪŰҾͳȫ
˵ţֻʫ俵ʦվߵ̨ϡ
һλȥʮŮˣϵûжЦ⣬һΪЩŰ壬̱ĸо
̨󣬶һ΢΢˵ͷ
һͲŮӣվߵ()ߡ
ϳ֮ǰ̬䵭ҲŲмһλֻû־ֵôԡ
λҪˣ
˵ʫ俵ʦͿˡ
ǽҴͬͣҺʦһø٣ù٣
ϻǵһγֽϣŵ
һھ͵˴ҵĻ()
ãֳƿ졣
ʫҲ¶ɫʦִʦ诺Ǹ¼ʲô
ܿ죬˶ǰɹٿ֮롣
ѡһɲѣеĸϵûȥҲû©
һӭȫϸһУȥǱȽϲġ
˵Ȼ̸϶ĬȴҲȽϴ֮ǰӦһʱ䡣
º󣬹ʫ俵ʦͻȻĿ诺()ϡ
̫ͬѧڸٺ츳ܸߣҲǱǼֹΨûĴʦ
λϵţ֪ܸܲǺһأ
⻰һҶ֪Ҳˡ
ͻȻһ˳ôʱ̨Ҳûжôϣ
˵ţʵȴ˷ζ
Ƽ빫Ƽ빫˵Լͬصüͷ
˼ǵƼ⣿²̨Ҳڴǵ
˶ӽһ׼֯ԽƵ
վλʦȻôǣǾ֮ˣ
ʫ俵ʦŰģִʱǽ˲֪ٴΣȥһС˼
()

438.438 ȴ֮

438 ȴ֮
诽Ʊϣ()欵վ
ǰ÷ʦôˣҪǲһʱ򶨻ᱻ˿ǲʶ̧٣Ǿȴ֮ˣ
̨һһ˵
÷ʦȻ()֮ˣϴ˵ѧϣ㻹ܲǰӵĿңƼǸ࣬ʵ
⻰Ҳǳķ̣һƯĻػ
ڳ˷·ٴʶ̫Դ޸̫Ӻ󣬺ǰ̫ȫ෴ġ
۹˶룬ѵǰڼһֱԼ
ȼ޸̫Ӻ󣬰̫ѹ˻ޱ¹ͣ˵ֺ̫ܳ裬ſʼ¶â
÷ʦɫ˲˳û뵽̫˵û˿˼ɡ
ƤЦ()Ц̫ݣǻǸǵĺ࣡
һˣôǡ
֪ߵغСѾͷΪһ˵ϲƼִʦˣ
ر诣ô˵ʫҲȽϵѧϴξȻѾͷͽ̵ܷһǴ飿
ԼѧίĿߣԼ¶ӰĹģ̲ס
ȻúõĽ̽ô͵ˡ
￴˵˼Ǿ÷ʦԼλʦͰɡ
Ⱥһʡ
ЦҪ÷Ū㵯٣ҵã
ЩŵǰһٴΣֻװˡ
ЦҲôġ
ߵǰ£Լôӿռó
ͬùٿ()ٴ
ܿٵνӽõĽ
÷ŪѶȣɱ֮ǰ˺Ҫܶ࣬⾳Ҳ߲١
ȻûкϰĬͿ͹ӣ˳סȫС
һ֮ڳ˲ִֻʦǣμֽ˶⾳
ãһȻ(r)ҹƣˣ
ŷ׷׻̲ס(r)ҵĹƣ
诺վ()׳ˣλʦ£
̫ǫˣǸղźĺ⾳ǵٺõַ࣬Ϳƴʦ𣡡һȽֱִʦЦ˵
ϲֵĴʦҲ׷׵ͷͲ󣬿ڵٺϵ츳ܳƵǴʦʤ
()

439.439 Ű

439 Ű
ڳܹΪǼִʦˣû˭л˵һͼ£̾硣
诲ϵıڳĴʦޣ÷ʦ˺͹ʫ俵ɫȴѿ˼㡣
ʱһͼͼֻ(i)֣ڹȽϵ¸صĴʦ̲סʣǸղȵһ˼ǻٺ𣿡
Цŵͷţǻ࣡
λʦɣѾȲ׼ˣλʦ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ǫѷЦЦʦ޹ˣ
ȻˣҲ׳ˣ
û˵Ĭ˽С
Ҳӿռｫóϣóһ¯һƵ̴㡣
һɵ̴ζܣ(qng)оƽ滺
εŵʱڵʮʶҵˣӦƵõ
ùϸٵҲһζλָ̣
˵꣬޳ָⲦҡ
ǰ໹δСٵɼ룬ܿϲһʱͻʱ߰ͬʮ־ĶǸе˳
ͬڳи벻ȥ˶˽С
رڳսŵˣһ۾
Ҳѵó֮诵۵׸һ(r)Ůʱʱܸϲ
诵ӣ˶˸оЦŵͻȻ뵯׺һЦˣ
ת()Ǿٵһ
读ظ٣ù١
ܿ𣬻رйζͻȻֵһøմ֮ǰл̲ס˽ȥ
ζǴҶӵĸ롣
պ󣬴һ˵Уǹʺ;ޡ
δҲ̫ˣܽĬ⾳ȫչǰǷ·뵽
վ()󷽵ЦǺλͽָ㣡
ռ䣬΢ЦҲվ
ҵָ㣬ϧǵ̫ˣëһλʦЦҡͷ
ҲҲǵĺ̫Ĭ̫ˣ
ϲ
ţŰȻᣬִʦ()ϣ
λĴʦ׵ģ
ڳһƬһ׸Ѷȸ⾳ӣȫ÷ʦ˱ȥŰ
()

440.440 ִ

440 ִ
÷ʦ˵ʦɫѿ˼㣬ҪֱӸϿ뿪ĳ嶯ǵڴ
÷ʦһԹɨһۣɫѾЩ׵Ĺʫ信
Ҫǹʫ俽һ߶̫ǻᵯһӾͿƣҲߵĳ¡
ںˣֺԤ෴ֹʦǰˡ
Żûţ诸û׼Ź
÷ʦǸղŵӻ𣿡
诵仰ɹĽڳ˵עŵ÷ʦ()ϣȻζʮ㡣
Ц˵÷ʦȻ֪ΪѧΪ(r)(i)صģҳӵġ
һλʦλ㽫ܶһЩأҲЩأ
ߺߣ﹫ʫȻŹ
Ҳ֪Ů˵ĳʲô˼ˣ(qng)ǰԼʦҳӡ
ȴ˼ǽ־û¹˭
Ļ˵ĺֱף÷ʦһһڳ˻дʦͬ
Ĵʦ˵Ķԣ(r)(i)صģҳӱҪ̬Ʊػóףλ¸صĴʦڡ
ʦҲ׷׸Ÿͣ÷ʦȫ²̨ҸضȥҲԹ˹ʫ信
ϲǷǵѧԺҲҪˣ
÷ʦΪԼͽܣԭҪǰ()۸ˣˡ
ȴȫһػĺ
ڳĴʦǲûͬ(qng)÷ʦȫҵġ
ʦҲ÷ʦԹԼҪ̫˵鷳ΪʲôҪ
Ƕ֮Ҳȥˣ
诺ַ̣÷ʦ˵ǵĺܺãҸʰ·磡
ҲֻΪˣŻֻϣ诺Ϊһ̨¡
Ȼˣ
÷ʦ̫ǫˣǵĻǺܺõģЦ
ӿڣǰǻҪ÷ǰѧϰأһҪָ£
÷ʦ˼ҵòѪʵܲˣǸЩͷۣȻȥϢˣ
޵ĵ˹ʫһۣڳ֮˿ϷĿ⣬첽뿪
λʦεڨڨЦЦҲЩλ
Ҳת()ԥĿ첽ȥٴȥȡ裬诲Ʋ磬һֱǲţѿ
£ҪдˣһСʱ֮ôô~~
()

441.441 ˵

441 ˵
Ǳ׷һ뿪
ЦЦҾϲ˺޲ǣȴû취޿κĶӵģ
ЦһҲǣôˬ
ǼֹҪĿΪ˽žۣôô
ôֱ׵Ļ˵û˾÷УǺã˵ֱˬֿ(i)
Ļصԭλִʦ
Ǿʾ׵ĺ࣬ȥ˶Եƽƽ
۹ߵִʦǣ϶ŨŨЦ⣬Ϊǳ
۹˱Ƚ϶࣬һһּͽ治ǵ̫
ÿǼֽĽ̶ֱ
ֱ޷ӣ说Ƶȫ̳ǼֹĹϡ
۹Ҳżˡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ů˾Ȼ۸˿ʹ㲻
ǼʣΪˣ
ϵ֮((co)co)ô
̫̫ô㣡
̫䣬Ժ˭Ҫ˵ǷСҾ˭
̫vsǰδޣ̫ʤԶվң
ǰδ޾ǳŰģˢڸˢĶۣ
Ǿǣǰ̫Ӿ˻飬̫ӻָˣˣ̫Ҫˣ׵Сϣ
̫ˣǵļֱޣ
̫ˣ׺ҶϲҪֱٵƵ
ӵóҲú
˵̫ûмأֶģҪһһһΪʧɢĽã
ҲĸоŮֱ̫Ĭ̫ˣ˶ôǽʤƽãϲǣ
һʼҶӡȫ¥ְһҪơ
ǲ˿׵Ĳһͻǧ򣬲һڳ
ʦǶֵ̨ӣۺ;޵ĹΪ诣ҲΪֹᣬȽõóֵ
ӵ֮ǽִܶʦ֮以̸()ߣҲ˲˽ַĶ
ʫѾ˵һɳţϵȹӱץһš
߹ȥԱߣζ˵(qng)ã
ʫɫ԰ףһϧУҧŴ˵ûУ
()

442.442 Ǳĵ

442 Ǳĵ
Ѿֱ˶ӵսʫȻϣܹϧġ
쿴ȥţɹȴһΪԸͰԵˡ
ʫ俵СϷ벻ۡ
ģӦȥҴǰúÿǡЦЦ˵
Ů̫ϲͲù˻飬ҪǼ޸磬ɲѡ
̧ͷŲԶ˫诿˹ȥ۵һư⣬ʵû뵽뿪˼诣ԽԽҫˣˣ
ʫûз״Żûţ̲סʣӣ˵ģҪ𣿡
Ħϵһӣˣ
һԴֻסС
Źʫ俴żʣɣ
ʫ俱һۿõŴͷܣ
ȥɣ֧̫ģ()Ĺʫ俵ļȻ뿪
ʫһһƳȥ
诺λ죬״˹ȥ
㣬Ҫıƻ𣿡ζЦЦ
֮ǰĵһҳӼƻʧܣҪĿ껻ˣ
˵СţȦ΢ģһ()İϲװģֶ񶾵Ůˡ
°˵ȷʵֻҪˣӦö̲סϧɣ
ʱʫѾվǰ
磬𣿡ҧŴһίģ
״۵׺ε¶񣬡ȣҺûô죬̫(din)£
Σںķս̸£ϣ˴ţ
֮ǲӭʫ
ʫϾǲţǰδްﲻˣ
Ůв㶼˵ǰˣˣ
ԼճʱͶµģҺ֮ǰûйûм档
˻飬㣬Ի벻Ҫһٶģҵ
˿һϷģ˵ҵ̫ᣬҲϣǣ鷳Ժұ־룡
Ů˱Ϊδ޺ܹû˵ٻ֪ţΪϲ
֪ЩˣôὫ˵ʲô¹⡢ɰ룬û£
ϲʫ俣֪α(i)װ
ھ֪Ҫ˻ʱûһѣʹ֮ɹ˻顣
һôˣҲ诡
ǰҪùңṫʫ俵(qng)Ǳĵˡ
ȻѾԭеļƻҲͲκ(qng)棬ʡŮԺ诣
ʮдˣллͺͶƱ~~
()

443.443 Һ㲻

443 Һ㲻
ʫһֱȽţԴ˻֮סָҲûԹҡ
ϴȥƵȻֵıȽĮ˷˵˼仰ֳǿԺ͹Һ˼ΪΪԼ
ϺΧ˶˵İ¹ɰ룬öҲԼǡ
Ҳһֱᶨи(qng)ģֻ˻ˡ
ֻҪͷһԭصȻһ
û뵽磬ᵱô˵˵Ļ
ΣҪԶûа취
ʫȫĿɿڴվŲҲ潩š
һߣҲĻ
Щ⣬ϾȻ()ĮΪС̫ʮֵкڶһŮ˵ݻ(qng)ûз
״ֻ˻诣㣬ǰδ޿ûʲôĴԿ󣡡
Щӣ漴ּᶨ˼֣Һ⣬Ϊʫ俣
ʱദ֪ԴӵİԵ()Ҫϲʫ俣Բ(yn)Է˻顣
ʲô¹ɰ룬ʵǸЦҪǴҪʫ俣ԶԷں޲øϿģȫ̫ӹ
ֻҪģǶĲǵܴһìܻӾ磬ɢˣʡ̫ʹࡣ
Լҽ˽ģҲһѡһûб˴˵Σǻɢˣ
ڴʱͻȻһ΢ӲԶЩӱ߶
诵Ķ䣬ϵǱʶ(())ԭ˲¡
ȥһϴּ䣡ܿɫָ֣վ()˵
Լҽ̫˽ˣûбֳɫͷã
뿪ӱԽԽԺһЩƮŵ
ϢңϢң⻰һֱ(())ִ£ȻϢȥ
ҵϢңԥ˽ȥ
һϢң课ͼŵɳϣһƣ
ӣ
žƱߵǰ۵ײҰްռУͳĵС诣
˺һӣҺ㲻죬ң̫ðɣ
ЦһͻȻҪȥ诵°ͣȴĿˡ
ɩӣص㣡ɫ䡣
()

444.444 

444 
ӣҰްıΣա
ǣʶɩӣЦһ
ͻȻжһǰϵĻš
诵۾Żҡλգ˼£ȻӣһԺ״̬
սĶ˵ܿ죬ܼˣ
ҡţ课һҪ˽ʶǱʶ־ŶԷߡ
ԽԽԺͻȻֹͣҡԺٴγָɣС
⻰һͷ۵Ҫըһ̲ס±Դ
״ûжֻ侲ڴĿ
ͷ۸лͣһʧϲļȫع顣
Լ˼ӣ͵ɫָ
()壬ܵԭ()ļܾúʲôһ
ȴû뵽ԭһμ䱻˴߷ˣڲű»ѡ
վ()Ưķ۸ӵĿ졣
û뵽ԭ()Ȼһֱ(i)ˣΪɱ֯ȥѵ
ѹ()ȷǳߣ()ǿһ㶼ǸųСеġ
ʱҲ()ʣȴ֪ԭ()(r)ҹˮġ
һ춼֪ĬĬ֧֡
޸̫Ҳ˵ֱС
ô߷סļ䣬õ۹߶˵ĲıҲųС裬粻κεв
ʵϣȴڴǰԭ()һʾҪӽ磬ҵȡһЩҪļʹ̽Ϣ
ԭ()ľ()ʲߣȴߵľˣΪܹ죬֯ѧ˸ּܣΪһţĺڿ͡
֪㣬ǰȴһֱûãΪľǵԭ()һնˡ
Ūļƣ֪Լŵ㣬һڼûеõůԭ()ȻһԨ
׽еĸӣ카˹С诣𣿡
䵭صˣ
ô߷Ƕμ䣬ƽҸ̫ûͻɲ׼նԷ˼·ߡ
ʲôƾͼƾǸ(ƨp)öģɲԸίԼ
μ֮ҲˣΪʲô˸(qng)ȴɴһַ޷ĻΡ
ǴӵͱصĵɱȱֳҪܶ࣬ʮ**ѾԼ֪ԭ()Ե׵()ݡ
֮ǰ趨˸ģԭŰһԵģɷԼǸϣҲóдŰǰϰߵķСɣԿˣ~~15ɣôô~~
()

445.445 ޷

445 ޷
诵̬㶣ȫԤϡ
ʲô˼۱ʡ
诺ηĿҵ˼ǣ̫ˣһֻŮ˵Ļ쵰ҶԺȥû˿ȤԹˣ
ɴ۾һȫ诵ģ
漴һץס诵ĸ첲ʣʲôûȤȥˣ㲻Ǻദһʱ䣬ϲ˰ɣ
Ҫ˦ǯԼ첲֣ȴֶԷ˻޵
ͻȻЦ绨԰ϲ
԰ָÿЦȴû¶ȡ
еı֮иʲô㾹Ȼϲˣôϲ
СĹ⻷³ÿζᱻԱȣ޵ľôһ硣
ΪԼô࣬(i)Ůˣϲˣȫܲˡ
֪(qng)ԣԽԽҪ̼ⲻҪԴһ
Ϊʲôϲ¹˭()Ϊηηβʲôóȥ
ԭ()Сʱ۸죬Щ۸ĺ˳Ȼ
֪ԭ()ô(i)Ϊôֻ࣬úΣʲôˬָ
Ȼ˼䣬оõԭ()Ǵžģɱ֯ѵôõôܱ˺
ԭΪǼͥɵģȴԭ()ԸģһѲϵ
ٴδ㶣ȫû뵽课Ȼ˵()̲ס
һѽǰҪף((Ʊ))ҵģ
֪ʫ俽Ҫ诣׼ƾͼơ
۸诣ȻȣöԷϧӶһЩ롣
Ȼʱʱͻָ诵ļ䣬ȥնˣõ(qng)ļ͵
ɽ쿴ųĿ˵Ĺʣһָĳ嶯ϣҪ(qng)
ǣ诵ķӦĽȻ෴ĵߣ޷̵ġ
һҪռ诣Զ벻ԼҪΪԼۡ
诼޹һ˹ȥ
췴Ӧܿ죬ֵסĽţȴҲΪɿ֡
()

446.446 ļʱ

446 ļʱ
诵һӦܣһʵȶҪߣΪҪǿд˵Կ
诱½źͳſڳȥ
ɸսŤ򿪣ûţԺӱĵδܵĴͽӲ¡
ҲѾٽٴץסĸ첲
һѳ˹ȥеĻֻζ
ʶ룬ȴڶһĪ
ֻǿ־ȥֿǴߵ
С诣Ӳ˵ģνˣϴŷսĶߣű뽫뻳дɳ
Ȼ诲ֻвˣȻ¶´߰ʾ
ڴʱͻȻ߿˽
Լҽ㱻(jn)Ҫ뻳еĶŵľƱ˹ȥ
û뵽Žţֵ˵ӡ
ҲûһѽԼ()ߣĵʣ㣬û°ɣ
说()ϣڶҴߣ
֮ǰ׼־ǿеֿס˵İʾǻʧȥңԭԼһĿܡ
ҲȽϼʱ
˫请ſ칥ȥ
ĸ񶷲ӭ
(qng)ײƣͲöԷųȥ߲Ļųȥ
ɱ⣬Ҳָ˲٣ͬȥ
巨򶷷ֱ֮Ĭϣ콥ĸе
о()ܿĹȴһжӣ˼
û뵽˵()ôãôȥǶֱ֣ٻԼĻޣһֻ䲻ʨ
ʨһٻһɸߵȼѹѹȥ
ʨ񱩵ĳ˻צҪץ
ʱһֻ˳ͷʨĹֵ
㲻ʱһм
ûⷽķ̧ĸɻһִļ
˻ƺһȻٵĽε
Ѿˣڵϣ͸оһͷѣĿȻֱֱĵ˵ϣô۾ʶģ
˯ȥֻʨҲʧǰ
ʵɻȴûǿ˳˯ʵػĵز
۹Ψһܹģֻ磡
()

447.447 

447 
ж赹诸׼˵ȴоһѸдܵЩˮָо
ĲԾת()ȥס㣬ôˣ
Һܣ诱ɳϣͷǺܵĴڴڴ˵
˰
ɫ˲ѿѣ㣬һεĶأߵĻ
ղŶµİʾȻ־ǿеֿסڵĶҲ˱
ֻиϿ콫ѹƻ߽Уϸܵɣ鷳
ں޲ýֱŪȻôԴ㡣
־ȽǿҧʶҪ()ʹʣѹƻ߽ⶾ𣿡
˵жʱ䣬ÿ춼Ͳԭ()ȣԻѵˣһ
ڿǸʱµĶĿҪΪ˸õĿƴԭ()
ѹʶᱻѹƣüζܴ£ⶾӰġ
ֻصֻѹƣⶾĻȽ鷳Ҫ嶾Уڻ޷
ֻѹֶҪҩûУҩ()Ӧÿɭݴ棬÷ȥ˹á
˵ն˾Ҫ巢Ϣȴ÷磬
£㣬Ҫ֪ߺ()ϸ(qng)
诵ͷţҲ˵һѾҪһٸԲûҪ
ε(qng)ҲҴţҺĽΣ
̾˿֪Լ()Ӻһ𣬲мκֶΣڰ׷
Ҫ̹ϣҲ˵ΣԼĶ˸(qng)
±Է֪Ƕɵ()ߵ()ϸҲᱻϣҲҪ̯
Ҳãֻˣ
ã
նֱӸ岦һͨ
ʫ俱Ļ޷Ľϲ簡ô
עȴû()ϣ()뿪
ǸŮ˲˰ɣ
ҪĹʫ俣в񣬻Ⱦżֺ⣬
Ů˷˵ôˣô
ʫ֣ѿͬʱ͸ģȻת()ǰˡ
һᣬ读ûлȥҾͼ뿪̡
ֹȥӣ˶ûг֣һĪķ͵ǣվ()׼ȥҡ
ڴʱնˣ
ˣȥһȦ͸͸ٻд쿪ʼ¸£һʱ~~20~~
()

448.448 ֻ

448 ֻ
Щ⣬ôֱӴͨˡ
ٶȽģ
绹һ𣿡ʡ
оҪ漰诵(qng)ڵģ
Ϣңм£Ը
Ӧã
նˣ硣
û˵ԷͼæʣǲǷʲô(qng)ˣ
ҴȥϢңм£ʵ˵
˵ͼѾ첽뿪Ҳæ׷ȥ
˵Ϣſڣš
ţ֣ɣ
˽ŷ
źͿɳϣȥʹ಻ѵ诣̲ס˾첽߹ȥڻ
ôˣ۵ʡ
Ŀ˵
ʱ˵·Ҫľһ
̧ͷȥȿڽղŷ(qng)Լ()ϵĶʵ˵һ顣
Ҫɭѹƶصҩ̫(din)°æ
˵벹һ䣬ʶ˹÷ȥҲõɭݣ̫һʱȴý˵Σ
ܽܲһûбҪ˵̬ȡ
ʵѡֺγҪ˴һᣬֻˡ
£§诵ֽ˽ȸѹƶأ
ŷһϢٶɭݹ
̬ȣ˲٣ԽΪѡ׷˵ҲǺӽġ
§Ž㣬Ҳһ˿ת()ߵԵĶǰ
Ȼóһҩιý°ͣҩ˳ȥ
ֽ֮ǰڵϵ𣬳ļ(Ѩxu)λȥ
״˹ȥģأ
ҸѵԺûٵˣĵĶȻ֣ٵˡ
һ֪ʲô˼ԶӲͬ(qng)ôҲΪѡ
ӿģû뵽ȻҪᱡɩӵ(qng)߿̫͵ҪϢ̫޳ܺͲǶˣ
ֵ̯ܣҲǹùġ
ݣʣҪҪһ٣ǳ
ϲ㣬ɣͳɣ
ô˵ﻹ۹ӵǼ̺̫ԣ϶עġ
ڻ˼ҵĵ̣ûҪ̫
()

449.449 仰͹

449 仰͹
彫ҴҴ׼֣ס
תͷʣԴ(i)ֵܣ֪û
ЩѾһ˲
ǣҵģоǱ䣬ź⡣
ǰ鵽ļҰ()ߵ()ϸļ϶Ĵ²϶һƶ
û뵽лôһΣ϶Ȼ¶߿ƣղŻֱɥĲ˼㣬ǿŲѹҪɱ϶ĳ嶯
ˣһҪ϶ʹĴۣԲϢ
ûԼѺܺá
仰͹ˣŷſ塣
УЩ()ıҪ
õȷ(qng)һ١
ֵλöܾῴϺ˺ۣȴǳۣѵʱѧļɡ
ֻû뵽лûڵϣȴ۹Ķ()ϡ
죬ٴα죬ɭݹ
ӹȻߵԶϣóҩ
ԼʮӺһܵɫҩȥݸ磬ι°ɡ
ӹҩ˶٣ȷѹڵĶ𣿡
û˵Ͳˣ϶ѹưҪΪ̫ĵѣŲ׳ְҩء
ҪǲţǾҩʦ
翴⼤ģ̾˿Ҿȷ£ǲţ
ϵ诣ɲʵ顣
Һȣֻܰѹƺͽⶾġ绳ѵڡ
ôҲԥҩι¡
诽ҩ꣬绳˯ȥ
˯ȥ̾˿ô磬ܳɹ
ɹ֮ҲӦû(qng)һʱ䣬᲻ýܡ
§诣λãΪ˯㡣
ſ(qng)лˣ(qng)ͽҰɣ
׵лͲˣҺ诽֮䲻ʣµľͽ㴦ˣ¥ȥӦֹˡ
Ҿ͸ǣ½诽ˣʡ
緢Ͳ󣬵ȴȽϸģã鷳ˣ
˷һȻ߳Ϣҡ
Ȼ簲ţҪ(qng)ãЩ̫Ҳǰ׵ˡ
()

450.450 

450 
ͷص诣˵̫Ӵˡ
ǷޣǴҶûлɡ
Ҳ˸ڣ˵˴˸к뿪˾Ƶꡣ
ûͣ忪ṩŻ˾Ƶꡣ
Ž㣬֪֮϶лҪ̸ʺȥš
Щ꣬Ҳ޷붨ϴ贵ͷ˯ȹȥ÷š
ž£ôˣ
˯ţϷʼ硣
һŨŨЦ⣬Ŵ򿪣ðպҵһϷһ棡
ԭϷֻĴʱ䣬Ҫһ棬ǾȤˡ
ţȻһɳϣնϷ
һߣϢңͷ뿪󲻾ãһ˽
(din)£ǵ˸ղŷ֣ʫһ˻˽̫
Ӷɢ˵Ҫ̫
֮ǰ̫ӶԹʫ俵ĴеŮ˲ҼǺ̫ӣͽеԹתƵ̫()ϣʲô(qng)
Цã
ָָ̧ڻԵĶӣ͹ʫһˣ
ҪϿһƬ϶֮λɡ
ȻϵһǾ;һӰɡ
ʫ俺͹ѣ(ͦͦ)ʺ϶ġ
ӻǵһθоԼ(din)ɢ˱ĺ⣬һ̫ӻг˯̫֪Ķӣһ
Ҳǲ۾Ȼҽ̫()ϣ(din)µ۰
ǣȥţ
£诵()ϣȻϢҡ
ӷԸ˽ʫ˹Ȼ˶ιҩ
罫说ؼʱϢѾΧס
ԭǹʫ俰Ը诵ļߣȫͶ()ϡ
Ҳܣ
صҺûжã课ѹˡ
Ķһˮŵߣˣȿˮ󡣡
课ֺһˮȻżָӵĿ
ŵ()ߵ()ϸҲǵǰ(qng)ˣŽ⿪ұ߷յļ䡣
ȻҲ()ϸͺַˡ
Ժܻ飬Ҳ뱳㣡
ʵ˵ҾҪߣҲҪû۵ߣ
(qng)Ӧúѽܰɣòһ޵ľǱƺͱѡ
ȻⲻΪԭ()ȷʵǱ()ߵ()ϸΪ͵óЩ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

451.451 ԼŰ

451 ԼŰ
§诵磬ɫѿ˼㡣
ҧгݵĵܱܲ飬˭Ҫˣ
Ҫ飬ˣΣ
Ůô()뿪
ڿ⸱ģĶˣҪ뿪֪Լʲô(qng)
ʱȽϴǰиչš
ץ죬ͲҿǱ˷()ߵ()ϸ
ͷĵŴδйĿ()Ҳ˼֡
̾˿֪ˣ
ʵѾµˣգգ۾㻹ҷ()ߣҽҪϢ͵ȥ
ְ˵Ȼҽ()ߣҾͲ£
ҪǶ诶(qng)϶ὫԵһٶģԼԽԼµĲٴԭ͵ߡ
ʱԼò˼顣
۵Цǲˣ
һŮ˾רųͷġ
ˣһתʣ㻹Ҫ()ϸ𣿡
请˸ۣ(ƨp)ҿˣΪ˭
Ǹ˵Ŵʱָ֣֮󣬷ǵøԷɫ
ЦãѾˣ
ղŽӵϢ͹ʫ俱һƬ󣬾ͱȥҽԺ
ǱҽԺˣյ˶Է˵ϢҩЧˣʫҲΪһŮˡ
ҲԸҽʫ俷ȥ϶
ʱЩԺģԼ£ãôĬ
ãü
һ㶼ĻҺ̫ͶԵˣ֮ǶģѾˣ
ôһֶ˼Ů
̲סң
˶Ϣ֣ĪĴȻ
׵ĵ磬ǻڳܣûкͺã㲻׼ң
ЦУȺͺף
Ǻͺðɣ
ֿʼָˣôôϲצģأ
ĸ첲һѣǶû˵ͺø(ƨp)
ҿǶ̹˵ģԼŰ죡ƯӼ
һᣬҪɲ׼ͣôֻнˣ
˼ֽźڴУѵöһ˶ģϣҪԼʧ
ҪɻǲΣôľʹҲѡ뿪
()

452.452 о

452 о
ǰûϲ˭ǰڸ(qng)Ҳ̫ᴦ
ȴһ̺(qng)̶ܸߵˡ
诵˵Ѿ̹ˣѾ˼
ϣҪʲô
ץ죬ʲôʲôӦ˵ʲô𣿡
ʧЦУ˵
Һ͹ʫ俴ûʲô¹ɰ˹⴫ģûǻ¡
ҶûϲȽ֮ᷳ⣬ûжκһŮ˶ʾù
Ůĵͷ
Լܵˣ˴㣬֮ܺǰǶڡ
֮ǰҹţʫңΪҺһҪùҷ϶ļƻԾˡ
ֻû뵽»ǳܣҪĵز
֮ǰһֱûи˵Ů˱Ƚ⣬ǲŮ˵ĴڣԻìܻ飬ҾһֱͣҺ͹ʫûйϵ
ƭ诣һȽϷ˵ģڿҪһ٣
ȻΪ֮ǰ֪ļҰŵ()ߵ()ϸԹҵļƻҲûи㡣
Ըģ֪óڿͼǰȴûնˡ
Ҫø(qng)͵նϣôʹҲֻиˣΪ޷(i)Ů˱Լ
Ҳ说δ֣ڸ˶ֱ̯׷ǰϲҲ֪Լû(i)ˡ
һֱѹĺ£ҲڳȻɡ
ЩȵĿǰ(qng)㶼֪ˣ
ȥɱ֯ѵóڿ͵ȼ֪ͷ
漴дżΣգͷ诣ǲӦú˵˵(qng)
һ诺϶йϵȥ϶Ƥ
ЩΣǸһϵûУȴô˵
Сʱұ۸Ҿ˳ȥȻҾͼסݶ(qng)
ǸʱȽᣬеů;Ǻˣ䵱һϲɡ֮ıԼĴǾΪ˲(qng)ɱ֯ȥѵȡ
诰ٵ˵ǸֻñˣҾˣҺ֮Ҳûзʲô
֮ǰϢңҲ׺ַˣжԶԶ
§Ĳӣָ⻮Ŀ()ĵ˭ϲأ
һ￴оȣ̹Ķ
ȥһˣ18~~~æһѸʱ̶ȶôô~~
()

453.453 ԽԽ

453 ԽԽ
֪Ǹҵ()ӣô˵˺ܶࡣ
ĹܲȥƽϣֻҪȫȫĲ뵽оС
Ͼϲ϶ģֻǴδҽԺʻ诡
ﾡרעЦʣǲǴǺͺˣ
ԺҪ֪ʲôֱңҶ㣡֪ǰΪʲôԼˣҪȫԵȵΡ
ǰ̫ȱ֮ͨ()񲢲׳ĻǺڰ׺ܷ()ӣŵǲ顣
һԶԵ̹ףҲ׼Ŷϲһ顣
请һ(qng)̺ܸߣֻҪһ£֪ˡ
̬ȱȽ⣬ֱһڣҾͲƽˣ´ΣҾͰˣ
罫§øԶĻᣡ
̧һֻ֣°̫ͣҪȥϴˣ
ղųһ()̫
ץĸ첲ŷŵԡңǣҵ̫(din)£
Ƶꡣ
һͷϷҹɳϲ붯
߷壬Ҳطˣ˯()˯ɳ
ץס˾°Ľףã
Ҫұȥ𣿡Цʡ
һ£
վ()ȥ˯֪Ϊʲôһ˴š
忴űϵţһﾡЦ⣬㲻˽һķչ
׷ϲŮ˵·ϣսս֮仹вġ
ڶ죬˯ȻѣʱѾϴɳˢնˡ
ϴǳǼʷɴڼУ˻ȥʱһ졣
תͷЦˣҵ۹ͣھ
ģǳһ˻᲻۵
ÿߵһطϲȥƷ£ɫʳ͵Ƶȣһɫˡ
ð㺰ɣ
˵ϴ䣬̨Ϸһµıӣһˢ
ˢ඼ˣǷ繫˾ġ
Ա滹˸Сֽ簲
дЦԽԽġ
ϴ꣬ҲѾʹ
ζ治Եĺ⣬״Цݸá
ͣӵƵ绰
ͨ޵ǰ
诽㣬û°ɣЦʡ
ҡҡͷû£ڸоöˡ
Ϸ壬һԷɣ
ͷã㽫ַңһǾ͹
()

454.454 氮

454 (i)
˵͹ˣƵﲻ˵
ˢŽŵģδͷ
()ߣͶӰֻ˼£ȽĿͷ¶
ֽϢңܻ̫ǰδޡ
վ̫ӣͳ˶³裬ʫ俴(qng)µһ桷
̫ӣת()Ҫ޸ӣʫӮҡ
ⶼͷζʮ㡣
ҲΧ˵(i)(qng)
Ӻ͹ʫǰһЩ˽½ӴƬȣҲ˳ȥ
ܿת˶ԤıδޣʫҲ˳Ź￴ĻŮˣ֮ǰӪĺ̼̮
¹ȻУôһ֣϶½ãһ
ЦܹȾ̫֮λƿһĻȨܹϻʵۿ⣬ɲʡ͵ĵơ
Ҳ͹ʫ俣Լġ
ҪץסǵİѱҲףƺӶϴˣʼΨһģѸٵ͵ڿڡ
磬尴诸ĵַȥ
۹һ**ñȽϺõĻݣֺͲϡ
һȥͱ˴¥䡣
źͽ˵⻰Ӵżֺζ
룬϶Ѿ˵ͺˡ
Ҳɵ˿ܹݳԼҽ㽾ŮƢ(i)
ˣ
诼˽ţƿվ()߹ȥ¡
˳Ϊ˰ѾȫѹסֻҪٽд߾ͲḴ
Թ˲ϾӦûߣԼҽҲӣᡣ
读δ˵翴ʣû취׽ⶾ𣿡
ǲܣڵСʵ˵
()ĶزͺѴﵽ㣬Ҳ޷
Ҫⶾ嶾Уֶ޽ģ̫ˣ
żֵǣԺ()ʲôӰûʲôҩܹ
ҡͷ֪ҩ⣬ҩӦ޽⣬ȥ뼸ҩʦԡ
ڶرѹƣֻҪٱߣ()ûӰġ
¶ĿҪΪ˿ƴ㣬Ҫ()塣
ãҲ׼ҩʦٰæ
ŵԳֺҪؼˣ2130~~~
()

455.455 Ѿô

455 Ѿô
ҽŵģϣ()ϡ
Ƚг˵ԺҪýⶾҩ裬һʱϵǡ
㲻˵ҲģЦЦ
֣ڰ֣㲻úôǿǽã
Цǰ֮䲻ֱ˴˵ġ
ͷ˺õܴһӣ·(i)˲ܷ⣬˿ԶԱ˴˷ȫ
ﲻò̾ԵԵĶôû˺ˡ
˵ˣһ߳һģպǢ
֮ȥԱߺȲ衣
诶()ҲǹĵģǶ翴()(qng)ָܻܲ
õҽж
£ﾡǹĺ棬ǽԭܵĻ¡
Ȼ()ݣæʡ
ֻǴӦ读ȫ()ĵҪŬȥʵֳŵ
鷳Сˣתڵ
ʵЩ⣬ĮһжҪƿص()ӣǲӦͬġ
Ͼ()(qng)۹֪˶٣ǿɻء
ͬˣֻ˵ǽݵıȽ
诵ЦݸģģûҼ˵Ĳ
һֻ֣Ұ
ֵ˹ȥ֮ϣ֪ŵʱڱȽصĹҽƺ˻򲡣ɾͲ͡
˰ľ⵽˲ûȫָÿͻһξһʮʹ˺УʱԼάʮҡ
ڵľΪ֮ǰƲʱһЩ(qng)Ҳ˶ʱȫ()ͻֺǿҵĳ鴤С
ſ󣬡Ϊҽޣԭ(qng)ر⡣ǰʱȴֶӴľ()սĸˡ
()ֻҪڶһִ۸У緢۵ɣ
˵()ǿ()(qng)⵽ֵزˣȴ˿
ûа֮ǰֻ()(qng)û˵Ļָˣû뵽ÿʱʱڳŴۺʹ
诶ԼõĻţתͷ磬(qng)Ѿô𣿡
ѹÿһʱλܿԭǲʹģ
()

456.456 

456 
̲סһ۸УҲ̫ˣȻһ㶼ûп
𾪣ôʣﾡǵģ˵˵ȫУ֮ǰҲǲ㵣ģ
Щ֢״ֻ˽ҽ֪ÿÿʱ̶ڴʹҽ֪
û뵽ҽֵزܰѳҽ棡
׼ȷӦ˵ҽ棬Ĺҽû˵ô
ţ֪û˼һʲôҪԼ()ӡ
(qng)𣿡ʡ
ʵ˵⣬ҿýͨһЩ澭ҩ裬ϷþͿԽ
⣬ʱҲû취ҪͨʶС
Ȼ֪ͨʶһָʶĵҩʶȽƣƷ֮Чࡣ
ֻҪڵĶأ㣬۳ڻ
뾭Ҳãˣٰͨʶɡ
Ҫٻľ粻ͨԺ(qng)أȽ鷳Ӱ쵽̫֮λ
ͷУҪʩĻó磬һЩҩ裬ǡ
Ҳʩ빮һΣЧã
ģİɣЧܺõġ
ʧЦסҵ֣ãģ
״ЦβҪһ
忴ЩĽʲôʱܺô(i)
Ȼ¶ĽɫЩ
һ˵ȫǺߣսϻʲôȱ첻µز£ôڸ(qng)׷Ůӷôأ
ҲЦſڵ
۾һЦŴյǰ˵ҪҲһѸǳԣ
ЦƳһۣ˼ǷޣӦõ𣿡
㻹һȥɡսĿƿ
һҭ(qng)Ůˣ
诿ˣ̲סüЦüҵСǹ̫(qng)(i)ˣ
ŪӦ(ͦͦ)ȤģþУҲ˲ơ
ԱԭĦϢң߽ȥ
Ϊͨ磬Ĳ㣬Чǰʩֺ˺ܶࡣ
һСʱǰ챬дˣ֮дĳһᾡ״̬ȶʱģôô~~
()

457.457 ò

457 ò
Ϊͨ磬ķ˲ٵ
ЧҲǷǳģо()ϵĴʹʹѾ˺ܶ࣬תҲ˳˺ܶࡣ
ƵЧٶҲ̫ˣҪ()飬ǾԲŵġ
СҽǸҸо˶˺ܶ࣬
ٿˣǷԷθ֮ԡ
δ˵ЦǵȻĵҽһ
֮((co)co)ҽϵ֮ءϴһְ·ӵֶεһۡ
ҲͬҽǼţҲڶġ
ЦǿҶ첻˼ˣ
ʧЦǿҲû
ֹ˹Ҳ۹ġ
û۹ôῴ㣿罫뻳еЦ
̧ͷЦòã˳§ס()ǿˣ
˵ĳ嶯⹷Եеš
ȴһŨŨЦ⣬翴ӺĬͰ䡣
ڽӿҸѡȻԸߡ
ȥ()Ϸȣһֱ浽硣
Ҫ뿪ˣԽһĳһӷʢͣȫ(i)Եġ
诳ԵüЦһĿϹϤĲζúҸ
Ψһźľǲ˸硣
֮ǰ˵ĳպܺãûгҲ󲻳
波ЩˣҲ̲ס̾СԹζһԭˡ
͸˵ˣֻҪģ(i)ԣ
ͣ˻ؼң˻ؾƵꡣ
ȥħٿռóҩģʼ澭ҩ
ڶһ磬请޺˾Ƶꡣ
һΣҩ˹ȥ
ÿһţһƿľȫˣ
ӹƿл
Ժ¿ңΧ֮ڵһѣ
ҲܾҪ鷳ĵطҲ
һ֣ò߰Ҳ֪ʲôʱټ档
ǰöסһģϴѧʱÿܻؼҲܼ棬ԼŹ򣬻߼һȥη档
ڸңҪ()ݵƣ绰̫Ƶܣ
Ҳǳ᲻ý㣬ֱ˱Էܹһ۹ġ
()

458.458 ֤

458 ֤
ҪͲףһʱͻΪ֮Ļá
ȿһ͵ҩ׽()⡣
ҵң诵Ȧ˺졣
õǿȴɲôģñ۸ô죿
ȦҲ˺죬㣬ҿ϶ܿ쿴ģ
ǲòֿʲôʱǰһͼ氡
ҶѾϢֻҪҵ()ĶؾܽˣʱٶյԴʯˡ
淳Ժ۹ҪҽڣòƶʱڣҲٿֽˣ̾˿
ͻȻ֮ǰΪ˹ƹŴҲȥ˿컹ҵ绰ֻʱޣȥ˹塣
Ƴҩ㰵ʾǾͰ˹æĽȥ۹
Ҽٴ۹ĽڣҲڻǽⶾ(qng)
۾һҼ´ξôɣ
ΰʾͲǽĬء
Ҳںܺãͷ()ݶ̫С
ӵ˵˼仰ն˾ˡ
˴ʦ绰ˣѷ֣Ȼܲƣɻǰļ
ſ诣һ㣬´μ
ӣ´μ
ǸǲӪˣ˵´μ棬ǻоϲ(qng)ء̧诵ļ
ָ֪ʲô͵ĵͷϣоϲ
ֱֽ˱أ
أ
ʱˣĺͷһ뿪ȥ˾Ƶ˵ȴʦϣȻһȥǺ˾ɴ
ߵشߣó뿪(qng)Щʧ䡣
߹ȥļ򣬡ѹˣԺһȥʡ
ǿ˵ˣ
ţ˵ˣ
һߣ(qng)Ҳ̫ߡ
()ߣԺһᣬ۹ݷá
ݷòװɡͷ
ЦҪҲ򵥣Ҷ磬ȥݷ˹ڵ̻ᣬ̸̸ɭݼˡ
ٱҴ磬ҸܺĿȻݷ̸̫ҽӱҽˣ
Ϊģ׵Ľ׸ˡ
Ժ۹ͽȥˣ۵Цݡ
һƣ֤񣡡
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

459.459 Ҫæ

459 Ҫæ
һηɹˣλȥֻǱһӾӢСӹæ۹Ҳһ֧Ͷӡ
ȫִ۶ȿӷˡ
ϳ󣬷Է˵磬ʲôʱҪȥ۹̸ǵôҺġ
ĪĿһۣǲŻôȥˣ
۹(ͦͦ)ģǻû湻ءϹ
ʧЦȷʵ棬˺üͷ(r)ѻء
ЦǣԿ(r)ѣƫƫʵǱĽġ
˼ͷûôɪءûİһۣȴų硣
Ǻֵһļ򣬡Ȼû˵϶Ҳһ뷨
Цһѣ
˵Ц˻ᣬһܻսŻߴȸ߲£㣬ôǣ۶Χöˡ
ѧԺҵ֮ѡͿռ󡣡
֪˼ţҲûмսŻĴ㡣
㵯ܰģ(qng)ڹעǳĸߡпܻᱻǿһЩ˷ӶϣһҪСĵ㡣
ԭҪҩģΪڷ˼ϣ׼ƺһʱ䡣
ȼ߻˰б㣬϶Ӱ쵽
ͷһעģллǣ
ǹ˾ҩʦİȫ⣬ȻҪ𡣡ڹ˽ȶҪ֤İȫ
أһᱣġ
Ц˵֪֮ǰĺңҪȥѹ
Ǳ߱ȽϤפսģҪʱᱻɹȥ֧Ԯ׼
ǹҹģԽǿԽرǳļ塣
һֻ֪Ժֵ竣ǵıȴҪѪ
üͷЩ˷ģ
ǣ񻹺ǿ˹˵ϵ
ȶ˶ٵҲүүϰ˵ģ(qng)еأǵȥܽ
嶯˶첲Ҫæˣ
սʲôģرо
ԴϴμǵսҲˣսģȫηâ(r)(qng)ͺˮĵط
ڷ˵ΣҲһҫ
Ҫʼ¾(qng)ˣд1830ɣôô~~
()

460.460 ʱǰ

460 ʱǰ
ʮСʱķɴȽƣ룬صũ˵㶫ϴ˯ˡ
ڶһ磬()ϴ꣬ˡ
򿪼崩һ()սװűߡ
㲻ȥѧУˣʡ
ͷҽӵҪȥֹҵƬǵһսŹϽķΧұȽϤ
սǱѾҺѧԺ˼٣
ô˵ͲµҪȥ񣬲û뵽ô졣
עⰲȫ
ǻָơָֹѪҩ()ϱðɡ
ӿռóƿҩͼƿ
óһµСƿȫ˽ȥݸ
ӹСŵµѹˣ
Ҳڵʱ䣬Ҷ˶ʮСʱ㣬¸ҵ绰Ŀһۡ
γҲҪϣĻҪһܡ
ͷţҲעⰲȫġ
Ҫ𣿡ʡ
Щź˵ˣһһٺóԵİҽӷɡ
ãʱǰûԹġ
ļ򣬡ȥأ
徫棬ţң
ʱ䲻ٵ飬˵Ϳ첽뿪ũѾнĳȴȻֱսúսɴ
뿪()()һͣԼųȥѧԺ
ǺϵĿγ̣ѡ޿Σʶͬѧ¼ϿεƵõ֮һͺһˡ
ϣյһԷϢѾɹִǣﾭսųǳȶ޷ƵͨǶϢϵ
׼Ϣն˾ƵߵĺС
ʾ㿪ˡ
ܿ죬˹ͶӰ֡
£ɳʡ
˹УҲѧУ
ҸղŽӵϢֻǼŵϾҪǨĿܣǵǰж
ǰã
жĩϴ棬Ҳ͵ʦ١
ͷãʱ͵ص㷢ҡ
û⣡˹ʣתһҪǰʱ䣬û취ˡ
ͷûʲôȥ˿϶Ϊǰʱġ
ûУҲǸսӵĵ绰
УһȰ˹֪(qng)
ֻǷ˽¹ƻ˹һˡ
()

461.461 ǶӦòİ

461 ǶӦòİ
Ͱ˹Ƶ绰͸Ϣ˳˵¡
Ƭ̺صǼһﲻǹİɣ
ҿ̫Ӧǹǰʱ䣬㰲Լȥɡ
Ҷ̫Ҫˣȥ
壺ðɣε̫ʱˣעⰲȫȥ˲᳷
ȻȻ˹˸Ѫͷ̲סЩİȫ
ֻҲ֪ҶҪ()ܲȥ
׼һᷢϢ˹ǼһעİȫĲ˶ԷǸ
ţʱʱ㱣ϵ
ǱҪȥأ˵˼Ͷˡ
ڶһ磬ȥҵʦ˼١
ӶӶ()ݣ˹Ѿעã֤ҲѾá
ǷѧԺģǵʦһܵļ١
ҩѡ޿ε˹Ҳ˵һβԣܺУ˲صȫ뿪
Ϊֻһ£˹ѧУ룬ᰴʱ˸ѧʣµķãôҵĽܶ˲١
ⲻǴҹעص㣬ǹĵǣĩͽ׵˭Ӯ
һ̸ۻȥ̳ۣѾȥһҿ
ǵ۶߼ĿԼŵĿˣҪԤ
װ޵ĵ͵ִݻʮַϵ۶ۡ
ֻа̨Ͱ裬ҿûпȫǰ䣬ȫҲλ̸ܶ(qng)ϲ
˰˹֣Ա¥һ䡣
ʱѾˣֻʶ˹͵Ծա
Ծһӭˣ
ӵ£ǰǵ(ͦͦ)ġ
˹Цվ˵Һǽ£λĹҽǶӦòİ
˶ЦŵȻİͬѧͷ(r)ѣǺܸܺͬѧһ񡣡
˹ֶܣλѧԺϵĳλǻϵܡ
ȥߴ࣬һֺĸо
ܳ࿡ݣȥ˹˹ĵģɢϢȴ
λͬѧãЦźк
()֣ȥȽѺá
º󣬰˹Ц˵ĿȲúȣҪ׵ôҳ
ԴӺȹũĿȺĿȾ᲻κȤˡ
2130~~
()

462.462 û

462 û
˹ڣһũĿȣҲºͶ˵ľ롣
Ͼ˶ԵһѧԺֻԵڶѧԺ
ܴӿռóһ޿ȣƵǺ()
÷ԱݼǰԼĿζӶ
ˬ죡˹зԱȥݡ
Ҫ˵
ܿ죬屭ȶܼζ۾
ϲļǺ()ϲľͺԭζ
㣡
úȣ

˶Կȵ۷ǳãѹְ˹һ׿ȡ
Ц˵ϲȣʱҶ㡣
ͬѧ룬ǲҽȵĶˣˬʵЦ
Ц˵ͬѧũĲҲܺúȣʱҲһȵɣ
ܣ޷֤ȺͲܹͷ
Ȼһ˾롣
պǢ˹𿪿ڵ˵˵ľݺͽɡ
⻰˶˵ЦһĿ
εĿץϾޣĵص㻹ֻ֪ϽһŰϣϹṩר÷ɴ󣬲ŻὫ׼ȷλñǳ
Ͼ޺ϡ󣬹ôҲıܴʩҲõģ()ݺãҲ˽ⶼס
˹˶˵ıһ֣ǱҡԴʯÿһƿѡļҩ
Ҳ͵ÿһǱңһԴʯһƿļҩ·ϵջԼġ
ҪҶõı꣬ǱҡԴʯƽ֣ҩȥǱҲƽ֡Ҫ˭ҪҲǱǼ˷֡
˵ҶȻϺϡȱ;ȴȽխó񱨳ֵ˶٣Ƕҵջƽһݡ
ûУ˹ȻҲƫһЩġ
ԾͣҲûôʵˣϾҶóȥһܸüǮ
϶ǱȽƫġ
˹͵ԾնԣܶһۣҲû
ķʽôˣ⣬νҶ˵񱨳꣬ԺŲᳶƤ
εѶȣӶǱ߶Ϊa˵ףԴҽȥú׼ǧܵġ˹ѡ
ã
˼񣬳ñ⣬ҪĻ
()

463.463 ɳ

463 ɳ
صũ֮÷ժ˲ٵ߲˹ϹȻŵռﱸá
ȥҩ˲ٵҩĴϣһЩҩҩ衣
Ϻͷ巢˻죬ûֱ˯˾
ڶһ磬΢΢˹ʹ绰˵ſˡ
磬˼ųȥ
˳˶Ѿˡ
ץͶÿ˷һݡ
û뵽Ȼ׼ͣһϲĽ˹ԵüЦ
ԭǼʷɴȥӪԸ£û뵽ܳԵôζ̫ͣˣδ˵
̫óˡ
Ц˵ͬѧĳշǳãҼĳȥ˽˹ݳԹһΣ֮޲ڡ
ĴָϧҰȥ˺üζûжλãҲմⳢ˳Ȼޣ
ŶգǾһġһʲôܶŵʱڵĲףóԵܰͷˣԾսִһõģ
˹ͬĵͷȷʵζѲ䵽˽˹ݵλҲǳѶ
үүͼļλ˶ϲ˽˹ĲˣֻϧλҪƴ٣һܶһ춼ǳˡ
ȻүӺлүԴ׹⻷Ȧ챻һȺͷΧתΪҪߺŶ˽˹ݵλá
ͷڿɳˣ
үү컹մлүӵĹȥһ٣֮ؿ䣬ȻһͷԱȣһ١
ΪһٳԵģүѾħ裬׵޹ǹ
úùϵʼвĽ⿪ˣŮ˶һֱȽ䵭
Цллǿ佱
Ǻ˾ȴһרͨȥһ˽˷ɴͣƺ
ҲԿ()ݾԲͣǳ
һ˽ǼʷɴȻֻʮˣɷɴе豸ȫǼ˵ġ
˷ɴ͸⣬һɴܼҺͼԱ
ܼҿȥʮңʱȽ˹ġ
վڻЦżˣӭλǿԳƺҽܼңǰغͻ·;У(qng)ҡ
ϢѾλԸѡһϢҲȥ
˹ȥɣҲö˽񣡡
˶ûзԣܼԽǴȥ˴
()

464.464 Ҳϲ

464 Ҳϲ
õıȽϺõҲǻˣǷԱ
ܿǾ˺ȵĺԭʳ
λñȽϿλ֮ǰǼʷɴҪʿ˾ԲǮô򵥡
˹º󿪿ڵ£Ѿ˷ɴڿԸǣĿĵصϸ(qng)˰ɣ
˼˶λЦ˵Ȼ֪(qng)Ȩ
Ϊ˲й¶Ͼ޵λãǵִǰɴʱǵնźڱΣϣ½⡣
˹ͷû⣡
Ҳûзԣص񣬺ܶ඼ǲǰ֪й¶ȥġ
ֶ̧˶һͼӰ˼ǰ
ָ㵽еһƬȻƬ򲻶ϵķŴ󣬿ȥȫͶӰ
Ͼڰ˺ŰҪһ顣
ǷɴͣλãҲĲС
ɭϿŷޣʱչҲǵķɴ޷ͣߣ֮ҪԼƬԭʼɭ֡
漴ָָɭһλãһСǣǿԵﲹ
ֻǰ滷ӣΰǳĻңԭ⣬ʱСǵĴӶˣɭʱɱ¼ǵԼעⰲȫ
ΧΣյģкܶ޳ûбֲͱ湥ҪƬطܵϾҲǵĿĵء
㵽Ƭĵ
ʲôʿֻҪ֪Ķʵ֪
ܿʣȻô˺Ӷǰ֮ԭڣΪϾ޻ûбأ
һ̽⵽Ͼ޵ȫǼģһŷɢλá
ڶҸղָƬǳΣգޡֲ⣬ǻȻĶϵȣûҽ棬Ǿһ
Щԭ㣬Ӷ˽ȥûлųģҲͱһ(jn)صĴڡ
üʣԭˣѹȼΪa
Ծ۷⣬ѶȴΣղŴ̼ϲ
Ҫս˾ǲһ
Ҳϲ
ЦżΣǺͻ棬ȻôΣգǴҲӦٵĺö
ҲôӶˡ
һСʱ~
()

465.465 

465 
Ҳһϲðպʹ̼ˣĵطʺѰҺöϲҵδ֪ö־ϲ
Ļð˹ٴҪԾպö˵ˣôҲϲΣմ̼
ڵŮ˶ôˣ
ܼЦ˵˵вԭҩĵȣ˵
λʲôҪʵ𣿡
˹ʣ֮ǰ˵ǻṩһЩ豸֪ṩЩʲô
ܼһصΪṩһרŴԽɭõ½ԽҰһ̨̽Ͼɢ̽ǣȽļǹѣ׽һţӪɡ
ȵִﲹкȫṩǣʣµľֻпԼˣ
УṩЩ˹⡣
ˣڻṩ绷ǵնʧȥźŵȣ绷ΪѰҶѡܼҲһ䡣
֣һԱһֱ̣һֻݸˡ
ӹֻϣܿ뵽Ƥϣһ㶼ûвĸоЩƼȷʵţ
û⣬ܼҾʹŷԱ뿪ˣٽУȻڳռ
˹żʣǶ˰ɣ
ˣ˵ͷ
У½񡣡
˹˵˲֮ȲҪ뿪Ƿɢȥ̽Ϣ
ҺһһԼһʱ͵ص㣬۴̽ٶҪϻȥϡ
ص̽ҪƬ򸽽ʲôΣգ޺ֲȹͣʲôõƣ۲ʹӶ˴ʵ
ûжǽɭõĶۣºҪҵҲȥҪ(qng)£Ǳñۡ
˹ָϵţһŴͷԣ˼Ƚϸ塣
˶֪˵ĺҪȫ棬û
ֻǵԾղɣΪʲôҺǣҪһ𡣡
˹ЩǸͷ˲ûսǿڳòҪչ¶ףֵܸߣԺϱȽϺã
ΪʲôȥǣҪұԾü
˹˹˵ŮһȻ˶ţҲΪ˱ⲻҪ鷳
ʿͬ鷳ʡȥ٣ҲôΪġ
Ծһҭһۣˣ
һûһɣҪġ
()

466.466 ٹʵ

466 ٹʵ
ԭҲ͵Ծһ飬˰˹ķ(ͦͦ)еûԡ
飬£ԻصϢա
ڳǰһǲֽϣӣһλ
죬ϣ´λлһ𣡡
ƵǷ¼ģȫģ豸
֮ǰŵֱҪܶ࣬ӺֳһЧ
诵ʢҲչ¶ţķ˿ˡ
ƵһȥĲǣܿͱתصһӡ
ʵƵȽ壬̫ĺ࣬й壬Ƚͷ
ֻҪͨǼȨ޵ˣܵ㿪ء
ңԶٵ۹
۹һרŵİ칫¥ʵۺʹƽ칫
ƾڷļŶһĿȽ
£齫ϡ
ƾŽĿȺƽ̫һйϤζ
ӹһڣɫȴ첻ѣǸջĿȣ
ǲԤģһǲǼҵԭ˺Ϳ۶ǳߣԺǱ߾һ֡
Сʣ֪ϲϲ
ζԺǼҵĿȰɣ
ƾ˶˵ҲȥǼðɡ
⿧ȵζִɽȣСħֳһζҪȥȷ¡
ǣ˿˳ȥ
λԴӵǻһ竵ϰ磬Ǹ·ȴУдһϡ
۹ٵ۹ʵеƣʵ۵ȨҲȽϴ󣬲ȴɣȥԶٷʲôûʲôˡ
緹ʱҪʱƾȥ
ǰ󶼸ż͵ĳ߽˲һڴ(())ͣס˽Ų
ʲôӣ()ʡ
һ(i)ߣĻص£ǰ۹ٰǼʽϣ½ִʦ۹̫һӡ׺һЦ
ԼұȥȤʱӷŵǲϣͱĹٷվطȥǵ۹ͨǼȨ޵Ҳأ
Լף
Ӻζλǲ𣿷һնˣƾѹĵĲĵĵ
׺ܶ飬ǽ໹ɵϣȫõĽ
Ÿ磬ҾȰų~~ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~ִĳƾ~
()

467.467 ȷ

467 ȷ()
û뵽¾ȻӸȤЩйͬ(i)á
ǻʵ飬ǼȨ޻ǱȽϸߡ
ǣϾͷ£
ƾ֣ٵ۹߹()ݣͱŵ˶¥İ䡣
t󣬲˵ҲĽ˸ģרŻֽͬʰġ
ƾŲ˵ĻͲףоһϤкУ˾ִɫĲˡ
Ѿӷնˣ㿪ǲӡ
һ۾Ϳǲϵĺڰ׽֯ȴμȾظеֲͷĿ˼֣һ޶ħ١
¿㿪Ƶ诺ӵģǰ
˵òǰ߰˷ƣʺͬŲ豭ֽ˽
ڲټȷˣ˾诺
ֻڵ()ݱȽУ۹̫ȥϵĻǱ߾Ǹ鷳
˵诵ĸ磿׵ĻὫԼ񾭲
ߵ()ݻãһϵϡ
һǲСţǲעһԣϲǵĺ࣬
õǰõĹֻ֣ܶ
ַһϢƿصĵ۹⾫ǲһ诺ϸ(qng)
ϲˣƾյ˶ԷϢЧʲһĸߡ
诺ļͥͽϸµĶ
ȥ۹ĸοʡ
һȥ΢΢üͷ
²˲Ǹϵ״Լǵݡ
ƾĲ˲࣬ÿһ꣬ûĺóԣζȴִ
ζȽϤԳõʳģ̺ħٴ
Ҳ˶϶ҲϰӦúСʶ
ԭһϰ壬֪ϰûٵ۹ͷˡ
Ժеǻᣡ
ص칫Һһᣬյ֪(qng)һǿŰȫͶӰͼ
Ͼޣƾ°ͣϸĿ˿Ͼ޵ĽܣȥҶɡ
ݴϢСõ()(qng)⣬ʮ**ҪҶȥ
˼ǱַһϢ(qng)ƾɫ䡣
һվ()˳ȥ
죬Աߵİ칫˳(din)£
ƾĵҪȥһˣҵĶˣ
оȷʵȽŮӵ֣ҾͰѸָĳƾˣôô~~
()

468.468 ȥ

468 ȥ
龪£Ҫʲôɼƾɵüۣȥ
ǣ(din)һᴦõģ
ƾ黹⣬ն˺ϵ
˵ֱ뿪˰칫ңԼŵ˦ֱȥһ˽˷ɴվ
ʱսѾ
ƾһ³Ǿ˹񣬡(din)£
߰ɣƾͷ
˶ʿִڣ뵽ûκɺͺ棬ƾ˱Ƚ϶˽˷ɴ
ҷɴǷǿƼȵ۹ս÷ɴǿܶࡣ
ƾƿصȨƲƸ繫Ĳ֪ǿ˶ٱ
˷ɴ𺽣ǿϽİǷȥ
ͨص()ݣʶûʣԻ˰ס
ÿ۹ϽİǶңֵҲֻһ㣬Ǿ벻˶Щ˲ϣӡ
ҲȥЩ˾ͲҪˡ
һߣСʱǳķɴִǵĲǡ
˶ѾУеװ
ɴ֮ǰͲǴкͣרõͣƺ
˷ɴܼṩǵԽҰѾλ
ǰԤףλɹܼЦ˵
˹˵ͷԽҰֱӿ뿪
һ߿һо˵ṩĶ治
½ԽҰǸģ()ܺǿԴһЩ͹Ƽ⣬װɴ󿨳
˹ЦǵȻģҲΪȷǷ㽫Ͼ޴װɿŻ֪Ҫٴٵģ¶Ͼ޵Ĵڡ
ȥ̽Ϣ𣿡Ծտʡ
˹˿ʱ䣬һƵס£ȻͷжʮǰؾƵϣһ糯Ŀĵس
ãҶû
ǵܴųţն˵źŲãֻܱͨѶҳʲôʱ򲻿ԭҪˢˢǲҲˣ˶ڳϱĿ
Сʱ󣬳һҾƵſڣ˽ȥǼס
ǵľܺãÿ˶Ҫ˵ķ䡣
˵㶫ͷжˡ
Ͱ˹ڳɢ˶ڹ۲ˡ
Ȼǹ۲ͬʱҲ˲˵ע⡣
ʵеĿŮʻߵﶼһ˲ɺԵķ羰ߡ
˶ϰĹעɫܵȻ
20~~~
()

469.469 ֱ

469 ֱ
ĺնźҲָһ£˹ȫͶӰͼ
ҪȥһȦʡ
ʣ֪еλã
֮ǰ˵㹦Σҵ˹ʵ˵
ЦЦУ߰ɣ
ĺл(ͦͦ)ġ
˹ն˵ĵҵһȥȽϷĽֵ
඼̵꣬ҩġ()ƤʯҩȣҲոֲϵġ
ˣŴŴͱȽӶˣǰ˹ĻûУһȥ˺ܶ˵ע⡣
̼ҿ۾⣬׷׳Цǡ
ͣǵ￴ɣ
ͣǼҵĶȫǽ
˶(r)(qng)˽ȥҩıȽϸȤǽȥɡ
˹ͷУ
˴ǰĵ̹ߣһЩֻеҩģ˼ɫϡ
ʳĺҩĵҲռһЩʶħپ͵һ
еĵǴŴʺãթ
ȴǰͽ㾭ּۻʱҲһȤ
Էʵת()ֱ˲Ҫ
̵ٶȺܿ죬һСʱ͹̵꣬˲ٵҩĺͲϣʯȶһЩ
ũ˽˹ݵӯͣڲȱǱҡ
ۻ۵ʱ᲻(to)һµĻõһЩطõϢ
һҵĿ֪˺еڣȫ̿ŵİ˹Ȳѡ
û뵽̽Ϣı¡
ȥ𣿡ʡ
˹ͷȥ㶼ʵˡ
ôණΪҪ̽ϢɣЦʡ
İһֲۣɵЩȷʵϡ
һһߵһȥĵ̡
ڵնˣǡ
˵һղ(to)Ľͷ̧ͷҪȥ
ǹ䣡˹
ӵ˵һǱҵ볡ѣ˾ͿȥȫԼ𡣡
˹ԥˢһǧǱңȥ𣿡
ְ˰ǰһأ̵ǽһͨ֡
һӾͷȥԭ·߲ţӵ
ţ
˹ͨͨȥܿһ³оͳǰ
类¼ˣ֪ʲôʱ⿪Ȼһֱдȥдһ£ڼд0ˢ~~
()

470.470 ȥ

470 ȥ
ƻͨȥҹС
º߶ֻ̣Ķȫͬ
ȥȼҪ߳٣һЩǼʲ(yn)˽½׵ƷһЩ׵ȵĿʯԴϡ
ϰҲҪ䵭ܶ࣬һ(i)ģر
һҲϱȽȫĵȥ
㻹Ҫ򣿡˹ȵʡ
ѹ˵Ůڹϵ츳ǿǼʶˡ
ͷѵһˣȻҪˣ
ȥʱÿζҲ빺һЩĲϻȥ
ٶڵ۶ûеġ
㲻㣿߽һѡһʡ
˹ʼ磬óͷԣȥҲûá
ָϵ⣬ƽʵҲ˲ٵĶսѵѵѵȣȴûѧ׵ȣЩ϶ûá
̵ϰ嶼̵ۣļ۸Ҳ߳٣һѡ
ʵЩͷģԼҲȫϡ
ཫҪ̹꣬ʵһϰ(qng)ĵطֱ˹ȥ
ûеط㱻׳ʵӵסȥ·
Ǵӵ۶ģǱһ(ͦͦ)õͱ뿪ˣͷ´˼˵
˹ĿǣҲҪǸ²У
ͷʲôЦתͷֵǣСǣŵİ
һپ͹ˣЩڼΪǹСǷˣ塣
Уȥɫ
ͷӽĿ䵽()ϣС椱˵ֱӴȥ
ǣ
ֱӳŰ˹˹ͷȥ
һӺ󣬲ҽ
˾ͼƽһưԣרŶͻֵļˣڵţϾʹࡣ
ǰ˹Ǳߣߣڽս
Żڰļ˺ôϲԺͱѧ˼ҳˣȥɣ
ѾԼһɢҩֻҪ˼Ҫ䣬ȫ()ͻᷢԺҲڷϵˡ
Ӳţ޲û˿ڸУû뵽ССŮֵôߡ
Ͱ˹Ӽ()˹ȥרųϢĵط
ôһҲ˺ܶ˵Ĺע
ʧ󣬼ñӺīˣһε˳
һ()ĸñ¶ɫΪס
()

471.471 ǵȫѹ

471 ǵȫѹ
Ĵ粢ϡ棬ﲻ뱩¶()ݵ˶Լ
ӳǾԱߵǵڶŵļ̳˰˹𡣡һǰ
췢۾ԭҪǣû뵽ôˣǵȫѹ򣡡
ж𣿡ʡ
췢Ƴһۣô˵ҲĳУﶯǺѳɹҪ鷳
˸ǣ֮ж˵
ǣļ˹ޱȡ
е(qng)ֻҪǮ򣬲ͬĵȼͬļλ
˹һ߼(qng)аǼԾڸ֣ƬǵͼΣյĵطע˳
Ϣ֮󣬼֮ǰǻ˵Ľѵԭ()סû˶֡
֣ȴ٣һ
㲻£ߵӵͷʱʡ
˹ЦЦȥ֮Ȼ
붮ؼһߵڶսҲ˰б
Ǿͽˣùܡ
ã˹ȽзȣЩ(qng)ô鷳Ůʿء
˳˺еĽֵֺܿס˺֮˵ȥ·
ֻб˹ˣабġ
ֱӻ˾Ƶ꣬ʮ֣ԾҲŻ
˻һϢóĽ۾ʮң뿪˲ǣʹʱʱҪΣ顣
ֻԶӵĻͱ޵вһǵŻ
û뵽Ȼbǵŵѣ˵ͨǰ·Ƿˡ˵
˹óĵͼָָطЩǵŵפֻѡ񡣡
һϿͨܿǵŵ·ߣǱźܶȻΣգкܶĲȷأ
ֱǵŶϣͻΧȥ򡣡
˹Ļ䣬Ծվ͵ԣѡڶ
ǵˣôܷŹˡ
һսƣҪǺÿġ
һﾭڼǺ͵۶мӵǵŻ᷷ū˿ڣƽȴһÿɳս׷ˣǶߡ
з֣ҲһѵõĻᡣ
˹΢΢üѧ㣬סβ˷ˣġ
ƾǼˣܳɹôһǵŵģҽսǱϵǳǵǿϣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

472.472 ȷ

472 ȷ
˹ǵܵȫԾҲûԡ
У͸ϿϵڶսɶǵŰɣҲǵڶսŵĹϽΧ
˹ͷһϢȥ
Ϊڶսŵļ̳ˣսŶǵȨеġ
˵˵ѡ·ߡ
˵ȻҪǵţǻǴԱƹȥɣ´ݾߡǵװȽϾͻķʵ󡣡
νĵġ
˵ļǴڰؼҵģҲǰ˹Сһ𳤴ķСҲսŵİס
Ҳԣ
ֻˣԷҪ˶ǿȷʵƵΣա
Ϊȥؾ˵Ұ͹ΣյʵϤˣ
ԾȻǵŸһܣҲִ֪ûзԡ
·߾ȷ˹ڰ˵ҸԻطϢߵ
ã
˸Իطͬʱºеһ
һӴҴ˽ȥλĺ췢ӵӳǴսŵľӢǻͨ鵽סľƵꡣ
Ƶʣж
췢ĵϿ϶ж˼ǾƵ꣬һж
漴óնǵͷ췢һϢ
ط󣬱յ˷巢ĶϢ
壺Ǳ(qng)ˣ
ҵһЩȥأǱأ
壺ǵıǿ˵ֱʣһǵ()ı÷ǱҲҪСģ
ţһעģ
˶˰СʱŽ
ڶһո˾뿪ƵԽҰ
˲Ǻһ·صķȥҲ֮ǰ·
ĲʶУ֮ļӳ֣ܿߵľ
ȥԼһСʱңڵ˸ǡ
ϵ˶㶣Ȼûзһ㡣
ȷ𣿡˹ǱȽŵġ
ͷȷԼǺ׵һǧ׵ľţ
ȿߣҵǲ鿴¾ģ˹նˡ
ǵڶսŹϽİǣܹǶλΧһǧ׷Χڵ(qng)
ܿ죬ȻͶӰ￴˺һ½ԽҰ
Ȼһǣǳϵ״̽ⲻˣضǳϰװ˷豸ô׼߲ư
ȥһˣ17ûеĻ19ˢôô~~
()

473.473 ⿿ף

473 ⿿ף
˹ȷ˺г٣ﶼȲѡ
ôֵģľѾ䵽d
Ծտʣʰˣ
˹룬·ͨԭʼɭĵģǲδ֣Ȳùܡ
ǴǵפԱƵǻڸţҾʰˡ
˶֪˸ǵ⣬һרűͰ˹ĳ
ã
һֺٳΣյĸоó֮ǰĲϣƻ
򵥵ĻͱƷȣǻġ
˹˼ò֮ëպֽֽĶϻȥǷţȫǹ֣Щ档
ǻʲô
ҲûһֿԹķΪԷһһ㱸ã
⻹ܹԾһõķ󿴿ҿΣ
Ц˵Ը˵ļû⡣
˳˳ǣ˼ܶԸ˵ǣ
УֻеԾոպ弶ߣ˹ļһ
ҪôӳȥˣҲһҿɲûпʲô⿿ף
ǰbԴڵҶֽ̫һĶ˵
ҪǲܣbԴڴоͻˣҲͲˡ
ԴڵĹܸӣҪԴʯΪҲһĸߡ
㻭ЧǾǿЦ
bԴڵҪѷɫһЩǹΧСԴڸ׼ͷҷʤװɡҲ֪˵ȥҲûţʵ
Ҫֻ⻭ǿ϶ûãģӳַŻôߵĹ
˹ҲһŰ棬ǲǹŵʱڵַ׭
Ц㻹֪׭
ǰ伮У˵񣬲ȴûʶ
˹Цżۼ֤ˡ
˲ͬҽũ󷨵֮ЩʱĽӴ׭ҲܸǴϲ
Ҫôʹãӳȥ𣿡ʡ
һҲ׼һţҪǵľڷ׭ϼٳĿ˳ȥ𵽹ˣ
ԣ
Ծմûͼô(qng)ҪǻɱôŪ֮Աǣ˴롣
ŻؼңҳԵ㶫͸Ͽд22ôô~~
()

474.474 ǳ

474 ǳ
Ծô飬ð˹ЩҪ
Ů˱꣬զզģط̫Զˡ
Ϲ⣬ڳǶҪˣȥĻпܻñ˷֣ⲻǷʱֹ
˵ЩϿɲˣһžʮǱң̫˷ˡ
ԾƲƲ죬Ҳ˵˵ûԡ
Цļ˵ܿͻʵʱ򣬷İɣ
ãԾտЦ
ԭʼɭ·ߣר½ԽҰһ·Ҳ˳
ֿһСʱǰڡ
ϴʡ
˹ٴεնȷ£ߵġ
ãųߵ·
˰СʱңԾնʣĳ𣿡
״̽
ʶһֱͷſģţǿ϶ǳġ
˹Ҳһֱն̽⣬˳ȥ
ŷһϢǺȥ½ء
Сĵ㣬Ҹоǵ˺ǿ
ղʶȥ̽ȴ̽벻ȥ
˵ʲô߿ƼĶʶ()ȽС
ҪǱ()ܵȼȽǿĴڣ()ܴ
˹ͷã
ܿ죬˹˺͸ٵĳϡ
ͬһֱʶעܿɫһ䣬ȫûˣԷǿ
˹ɫҲͬһ䣬Ǵ͵ն˵һɽһġ
үүսžӢȫԷˣٶ֮˴ֲ
ãǳ϶иߵȼߡ
˹Գ˵㣬룡
һ弶ߣһļô̵ʱ𣬶Է϶ǿߡ
ɫͬ˱䣬Ҳ
ԾҲ֪(qng)ԾǵĿ϶Ǻеģ򲻿ôǿ
᲻֧ǵţʡ
˹˼ٴοڣӦòǣ϶Ҳϵ˼Ӧòǵŵˡ
ʲôܼ˵ɴ۾˼ǿҪΧˣ
Ҳ(ͦͦ)ģǶǳġ
ѵй¶ˣǻûлץϾް
ü˵ҪҲʱɣ
˹̾˿ǿǳҡѧġ
()

475.475 ǾԵ

475 ǾԵ
һǲСķֿʧɢˣʹýܼҸͨѶϵϾ޵ڵܡ
ڷԽΣյȻΣԽ
˹ʱ̶һֺ侲״̬УҲָӹ١
Ҳ֪˼
Ȼ˵ļ岻Ǳ˹͵ԾȴһΡ
һǵڶսŵļ̳ˣһǵһѧԺԺŮץסҪ𣬻ʲôõơ
ҲΪӰսʿͶԾǼʻˣץȥôҲܴ
ãҲûԹԴӾ˹֮󣬱˸Σյ׼
Ծն˶ȭͷҪǺΣգһǣסǣǿ쳯ȥ
㽫ǵʲôˣôܶһȥֵⲻǺӱһ𣿡ü˵
ҲȻǻûмսţȴܵӱ
˹ͬһ飬ͬ(qng)
֮ǰķһ˸ţһ˸һƿֹѪ˵ҩ裬ţܻõ
Է̫ǿҶǴ㲻Ȼһܡ
ֻҪӽɭǾлᷴҲ侲ȾһĨ
ɭĲֶζʩչ
侲ȫ()ɢƣڳļ㶡
ԽԽˣôǼĳأǵ״ﶼδʾ
ţͻȻϵ״ﱨϵͳȻʾ෽δ֪̽鵽˼ǹͼڵ
˹óǹӭս׼ֱɡ
漴ʣ̽ϾϢλõռ𣿡
ãͷ
ôһҪȥҶ˹ᣬҲ׼ô
ܹ˾()ƣҪܡ
ǵ᲻һȦ(to)ֻ𣿡԰˹ʡ
˹صֻѾû⣬沢û׷ϵͳ
뵽ǵն˻źţҪʧɢˣֻпֻϵ
˶˵Ȧ(to)Ŀ()󣬹()ݲ򵥣飬ҪǳˣҲġ
й¶ˣǾԵġ
ﾡǺ⣬ҪǶܻŻȥҲҹġ
()

476.476 Լ

476 Լ
ϸصڷɴϲŸģǵնźţǵ˲йܡ
ҿӣ׷ٵѾˣԤı
ֻйǱߵˣй¶ݺ͵ص㣬ŻǱ׷٣Σա
ԾպߵȻѾйˣҲڣ˵˵˭ɣҪҽûȥҲü˰æ𣡡
Ҳͬ
ǰϴҪǳ⣬ҲѲ˸ϵ
Ҳܺ棬֪()ݣʵҲΥɣ
˹״ҲҶҵμҪϾ޵ѪҺҪץġ
ҶҼ()ռźҪĵλϾҶĻ׹˾ҲǼսŻ׵ṩԴ˾
Ǳ()ݣǾֲȷϹûģҪ鷳
üʣҶĸ𣿡
ԣף˹𲢲ʶҶҶҵļ̳ˡ
õ()ݣ²ҲεϮǳģ׵׵ҶҵŮ
ΪΪϴὭ׵(qng)ģʮ**ԭ
ҶҼ()ݣԸǣǱ©ϢǾ͵ΪµΣǵԼҿɲҶҡԾһ
Ŷ԰˹˵ն˻ź𣿽Ϣүүɡ
Ҫˣ뵽ģһŹ
ϴҲǷһϢɡҲġ
ǵļûҶƴ󣬿ȴҲ¡
˹ͷã
ͬҲԼĳϢΪ˷ʣأҪ㷢һ𣿡
ҡҡͷˣԼ
Ϣ()()ġ
ֻûеֹϵںͬ鷳ķġ
Σյĸоȴûǿҵܻĵز֮бֶΣԼܻȥ
ԣһҪԼܻŻȥ˹ԽԽͣϲһֱ侲ͷԺµ
䣡һżⵯ˳ǰ棬˼ɲ
³ֱսȻһܣ˹ƿȥ
֮ǰѾõڶսɶΧǵϧôϵָֻԼ
Ҳ׷̽յ˿ռͬ˳
䣡
˸³һżⵯ˳ϣը
2330~~
()

477.477 ֵ

477 ֵ
ṩԽҰ()ܺܺãը󶼻á
ˣҲûָһ¾ͽϵļ˺
ֿµļ˰Χ
˹˺ԥٳ˻ףȻΧһȦӣʶĽûл׵롣
˹ŴӳˣʣҪʲô
һźɫīЦȻҪȥˡ
ģǻŵļֵɱǿ
˹ЦҪץǣҲÿǵı¡
漴ȼʻŻ׳ż˳˹ȥȻҪһ·
һܣֻͨ˵
ǲ뵱ӱҾͿԣȻվŷʡ
˹һҭ֪Ҫ˵ʲôá
ԾռҲʻŻ׳ȥܿЩǵһƬ
Էܽһۣûвֱս
һȥЩǵһȺں֮ڣȻ࣬Բǰ˹˵Ķ֡
ֵϾҪˣ
Ȼϣ˹͵ԾյսǿرǵԾո߶˻弶ܣɨһƬǵ
л׵ļӳ֣սҲͬȼܱȵġ
ռƣӲǱ˴ʤʡ
ͻȻһŰޱȵԽҰ˹Ҷ¶֮ɫ
ԽҰͣڲԶһűñīĺ췢ֻܿ𪾫µ°͡
()ͬīñӣ˴󲿷ݵӡ
ߣ˹ź췢ӾȲѡ
Բbǵܹóֱʣ󵽵˭ҪԸǣ
ԾҲѣԷȻɳһߺļߣһǵŻΧǣֱʲν
ʲôˣԾʡ
췢ӰһǸ뿪Ȼͻ֪ˣ
ż΢΢ɫصĿڵ()к˲һϢӦǿޣܱץסˣ
ûмǿޣҲûнӴϢȴ֪ޡ
Է()ѪϢ޺ơ
ǿޣܻ֮ûΣƼ˿һЩȽ
ҲЩ棬Żж϶Էǿޡ
ʲôǿޣ
˹˸Ӿȣȴжϣʵ֮ǰֺ̽档
˹۾ǵŵͷˣǴ󵨣Һǿ޹ᣡ
()

478.478 Ͳ

478 Ͳ
˹⻰ʣһ̽
Ȼͷ֮ɫ˱䣬漴ߣǿΣսſһֱҪǣǿ޺ǻõٺôء
˵ʲôĹûҪ
䣬췢ӱ
һ(to)ȫй¶˳ȥҪֻǵܺԲѡǡ
漴ŵñӺīˣ¶˾¿òƷ˵գԼһЩھĶ䣬һ˫ӷ·Ļꡣ
˼״Ҳ¶ݣǵĶⳤòȴȺ췢Ӳ˺ܶࡣ
˹ֱӱ¶()ݵǿޣĳ˳
ǿΪ()ǿ֮ܶ࣬ӵ츳ͨܿߵĽ߼ߡ
ʵǿĵԾֻ弶ô
׼ȡܵĻɣûκʤ㣡˹ֻͨԼ˵
Ծ̾˿˥һ񣬾Ȼôߵȼǿޣ
()ΪսУԸսҲ²Ҳ׼ɡһ
Ҳǲ뷨ǵ()ǿԼ˵Ϊ鷳ľ
ܵ˼˵䣬գЩĵûһء
ȥǣҶ׭סʱܡ
˶˵ֿܣһһն˵źѾױΣǿ޵(qng)ôҪص۶ȥǲľ򣬶ҪŬлţ
ô˵˶漴һ֮ǰ˾
ǰܻĻ˭ôҪŬϢȥ(qng)ǳҪ
ģϣ˹ͷżֻ޹ȥ
Ծ˽
췢Ӷöֻ̧֣Ӷָϣǻץ
˺ܿƾű()()ǿԼܵ˹˴ĺܼҡ
췢ŷĿô޵ģ
ǵ()϶̽޸ڸϢǱߵȼ߶ܷ֡
ŮôֵģܾȺͺ档
Цһ֪
˵췢䣬ȫ()ɢһɲݷǿơ
Ҫǻȿ϶ˣҲű׵һµʵ
ȴɺܵվš
΢΢Ͳ㣡
()ɢŵλƣַ·߸ϵ±֣һǿе()ݲͰ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

479.479 ֱˣ

479 ֱˣ
췢û뵽һһ࣬ȻֵܵסɢѹϷŪһѡ
󵨣ĮȾ˿ŭɫ
ᶨҪץȥ뷨Ů̫аˡ
Ц԰ܴ󵨣
췢Ӳن£ֱӿһͳץȥ
ȴӰȰĶܣжŷ׷ʶź췢ȥźͰ˹սȥ
꣡¡һŷ׭ըĻԼױ
췢ʵǿ()ʸһĺã׭ûô˵
ҲΪһ˼
Ͱ˹սļڴ㲻£򱻷׭ֱӻˡ
Ծռ˿źԼսǿͻȻˣж¶˲ŵĿ⡣
û뵽ַǿܵûbǿɹȴ׼ΧСˣɱ
ܣһŷܿһܣ˵⻰ȳɭȥ
ֻﴫҲ׷׳ɭȥ
췢ӷӦµϾŭֱǸŮˣˡ
׷Ҫõ˵õĶҲϿȥ½أ
һ仰ԥľֱ׷ȥ
ǵŵͷ⻰ֻܴ׷ȥ
˵ǿҲֻǿ׷ȥСӵƢɲãҪǸӣûùӳԡ
ǵǿ׷ӵܣԾռ˱ȷɢ
˹ʻŻĴѰֻܵλãѸٵĳǸȥ
ʱ췢Ҳ׷˽ִ˼غϡ
û뵽()ֻ(ͦͦ)ģûͣ£Ǳ˸ս⣬ûж
Ĳ㣬֮ͺ췢Ӵ£()Ҳ(ͦͦ)ģ
ҪǶԲǶ֡
һߴһѵİ취
ִʮغϣ췢ӷֵûץסģˣȽץȥ㵱
˵жһƽɫȻһ˿˿һγһŽɫͳȥ
״ϵĽӡȻʶ۳һֻȭͷŽײȥݻ˽µٶȺͶ
ʱ˹ʻŻ׸˹״͹ܣԥĳɭȥ
()

480.480 ɵ

480 ɵ
ʶγɵȭͷʱʧǽɫҲա
췢ӿʧĻףɫ˺ڣģ
ŻΪһֻͨڣͷмһǻëƱӵ׷ȥ
˹͵ʻգһܵķһʣû°ɣ
û£׷ˣ
ǿ޺ǿǲĶֻ֣Ҫܽ뵽ɭǾл
ãҾ˹˻׼ģʽɭĿĳ塣
ĺ췢ӽ׷ţܿһɭ
䣡أͻȻһǿлףȷ˳ȥصײһŴϡ
ܿ죬ɫ˻ϣױȥ
˹𲻶ϵ((co)co)أ漴һȭ£ģҵĻʧˡ
ɫ˳һ츳̫ǿˣԲͨǿޣʮ**壡
»ܰɣ̾˿
˹ͷȻ˾ȼţ˱˳ȥźԥĳɭܡ
췢׷ϵĹ˹üǹɨ()ȥ򶪷
ɶԷʵǵıȽ϶࣬ôֶҲֻݻ˶ԷĽŲûˡ
˻ͻȻ˹ĺ󱳱췢ӵǹӵУ۵()ڡ
ܿ죬ӵĸʴʼãıʴ
óһƿҩĺ󱳣øʴٶȼ˺ܶࡣ
ܣ¶Ը˹ż򣬱ĺ췢̫ǿˣһܲ
()Ϊһսθкʹ(yn)ȴ߲ȻˣŬΪӮһЩܵʱͻɡ
һҪӳȥȻǵŹǿ޵(qng)ص۶泹Ҷҡ
ǽԵĻüͷɣҲᶪ¶ѵģ
óһҩ£һܣ
˹ԹԵùҩ£óҩЧһ
һѣת()Ҫȥӭ׷ĺ췢ӡ
û£˺ڣһôȥˣ
԰˹֮ǰӡҲĹ˺ܶ࣬һħٵ˳ȥ
ֲܵǻһ֦ҶӲס˺췢ӱĽŲ
ڰ˹±ʱ߹ȥܣ˵˲ôɵˣ
14~~
()

481.481 

481 
һ߷Ű˹ܣһħٶ()ĺ췢ӣϰ
üβ㱻׷췢ӲϵĹ()Ҳˡ
ҪԼһܣħٵҲֱӿ췢ӵ׷
ɴ˵İ˹ͱȽ鷳ˡ
Լܰɣ˹ĵҩûô۵ɼ򱻸ʴĵطȴܣ˺ȫ()ľһ
оԼ()ԽԽ
죡˵ܡ
ǰɭֱһ㵭ɫʱ۾
óҩ裬ԼһţѾҪԵİ˹һţȻ˽ȥ
һ·Ƕڶܺ췢ӵ׷ûǱɭ˳
()췢()ɢϢȫܿˡ
ɫͰ˹𣬷ǵкƤǲĶ
þܿһЩޣҵһˮԴɽ
ʱİ˹ѾȫΪ()ĸʴ˹ȥŷɽȻýΪ˼(Ѩxu)
ħҩģнⶾЧҩãˮ£ųȥ̽顣
췢ӸоһɫıжȽӣȻΣյкǿ
뵽ԷѾȥôķһҪץסˡ
ҲäĿ嶯()ӣ·һϢǴŷ豸ٽȥץˡ
Լ˰СʱԶ˶
췢תͷȥԼһ˵˹
ʣ豸ȴ𣿡
ӳѾˣ߹ӱó˷豸
췢ȥ豸ûע⵽Աߵ¶ĺݾ
ͻȻͳһ֧ǹֱӴ˺췢ӵ()ϡ
췢ӸͷԼ¾Ķֱ()㱳ң
ӳҲû취˼֡
췢һɱѺĿŭһסԷĲӣڶԷͬ㲻֮½Ťϡ
Էɴ۾һţϧȴ˵ĻᶼûУֱӻûΪڵϢһʧ
ɣ췢ӿһͷѣĿȴǿĿڡ
һΪ׵Ķɭ˳
ĺܵܣҲôãµȥǸ֡Ц
()

482.482 ֻè

482 ֻè
췢ӿͷﾡǺ
߲ţ˵̧꣬ͷŽӣ(())ֵ治СҰж֣
ĻԭЦŵŤ£ȫ()ɢһ()ԽѪ()ݸ߹Σ컹Ҫ
Ѫ߹ΨһˣλǵЩν(())̳Уʲôõ߰ģһ
Ŷ()ļ˻ӻ֣ȥǵС·
ԽʱͷѣĿĸо·ʱܵ£һרѪҩʱںӰָ
¶һĨûΪӵģֱӴ֮ܽС
Ǽһգٶûк췢ӿ죬ˡ
û뵽ҩһﻹܱ()ܣоǺ֮ɫϷ豸׷ҩܿͻʧȥ츳пܱڵ̬һҪնɱڴˣ
ҪöԷȥ군ˣ
ǣҲ֪(qng)()ó豸ϣ
Ӵ豸ͬ˽ȥ
ﵽȴˮ߶ҵ˲ϡеֲҩġ
ȫ뵽ħ
ռʳûȥԿ()ҵһЩڻָ()ܵ׼ϴϴɽ˹ԡ
ߵɽⲻԶϪߣҪȥϴӣͷֲԶſһֻɫСޡ
СֻаƴСģúǰִιһֻӢ̽𽥲㣬ֻɫСϻһ˫տɫӱȱʯƯ
ֻèûǺи(qng)ģֻϧҲΪԿŰСһ˿
߹ȥ£СǿŵӾǷһ˿ӡ
Ǳè𣿡ϸĿСޣԽԽֻѪ߹Ʒè
С˫¶˿ŭŮ˾ȻֵͶᲢۡ
ϧΪҩڣʧȥ츳ܿԣǿ޵ϢҲʱʧ
𣡡ǿҿ()()ûв()ĺ
Ȼ()ӽ˽ҪצôĶˣ
ȴΪЦСһﻹ(ͦͦ)׵ġ
СҪģܿ(i)ȵ㡣
֮ǰĽӺ׼Сһȥι
ȥСķ()ҲЦͷֻè
䲻СǱһȻһŮͷˣȫ()ֻ¯ȥһ
ȼһֻ߹ȳ裬Ȼܿͻ~~컹Ҫȥд22~~~
()

483.483 һܷ

483 һܷ
СèϴӾͻɽ
ԽҪϧҩ֮ȫ()ʲôˣֻڡ
ڼ˹һΣɿɽææȥɽ¶ȣҲůů
С˽̸ĶǿΣֻк˵ķݣ⻹ǵһαչˣо(ͦͦ)ġ
֪Ϊʲôܸһ°õĸоѹַҪһֱ()ߡ
˹ϴõĹӵݸȥ
ֹлָ()ãȴҲаߵĳɷ֣ȥ֮˯˹ȥ
ŰϰСè˿üڵҲ̫ˣѵˣ
룬ħóֹեɹ֭ιСèȥ
ԽԭҪܾģɱһںŵ۾˵úȡ
֪եĹ֭ȫˣҲ˯˹ȥ
ߵɽſڣʯһϢ󷨣ȻɽĿ
һߣӺ˷ֿѰңԼʱȴûκη֡
ôҩԶġרΪ˶ԸԽ밵ҩʦ˺üųɹҩЧǿġ
(din)£СӵʲôģʲôϢǴⷽȥѰԡһʡ
ϵ()ÿһ嵮ѪӣǶǲһģ̬ϢǱܵģҲ֪
ֵȫɱ껹ǳꡣ
ֻܰȫһܽԽˡ
ǣҹɭ޲ҽе˻
۾һֲõԤС
ѵǸ췢׷˽Ҳڽ޽ɱ
޺ǿ޲һƷ֣ûκϵ
޺ֲǶֲﾭǧ䵮ġ
ǿƬռһֱڵģʽк֮ܶͬӵзǳߵǻۣƼҲ˿ѷɫ
ֻǿ޵()ʮֵǿǿǿ޸ܿߣ˲Ҫס
ɽԭ˯ŵԽ۾һֽ
϶Ǹ(())ָ(qng)ƽǰ˵ӣȻƶԸ
ҪܻŻȥһҪ϶
˿ڻ˯İ˹ͲСèվ
()

484.484 ѱ

484 ()ѱ
ôǿҵɽߵСèǰ
ԴҳȥЩһߣǺúô
ҪǹҶûлǾȥɡ
֪޶ӵ̣ҲöԼĻ
ȻСè־ȵĿԼƯ¶һЦݣڻӳĵøů
ӿռóװ()ʳзŵԶ˾Լ԰ɣǵø㣡
Сèָָ˹Ȼת()߳ɽ
ּӹ󷨣һƿϢҩſڣų޺ĵطȥ
ԽЩӵĿѾʧɽıӰЩ⡣
ǸŮ⣿ȻҪȥ
Ϊ˱֤ŪԼ϶ޣæǸŮ˳ȥҪ˻ܻ̫С̫Сˡ
վ()ϧҡҡλεģ˫ź˫ȸģһ츳ʹϣͬʱû취
ҡҡͷֻܻܲܿǸŮԼˣҲ()ѱ
Ȼйһצӽڷɽĺץ£һӵĸ£һ()ζڱǼ⡣
ͷƬ̺̲סսһڽ()˽ʱۿɿڵ()ζӿ
ְǿһмԣܿͽµ()ȫԹˣЩδư졣
Թζ()˹ķԸ֮Ժˡ
Ա㣬ſڵϣ
˴޺ĵطԶԶĿȥͼɱޡ
ӶԷ()ϵϢжϳǿޡ
ȴ֮ǰ췢һѵǼһİ֣
üͷʱûжһ()
ԽԽҪӽСϪóһŷ˳ȥ
ҹĻ£ͻȻĻýӵһžͷ()Ӱ
˭׷˵ʵȽǿкֻ˵ˣȻͳ׷ȥ
ȫ()ָ۷״̬λλϵĳɫϵķȥ
Щǿ޶ŷ豸ĵѾûˣýȥѰ
ܿķΧӵҲ׷
ӱ󲻶ϵĹ򲻶ϵĴֲֵǵĽŲ
ӵ˵ʵǿܿȫɾ׷ȥ
()

485.485 ǸϢ

485 ǸϢ
һ·ܣܵɭֵľͷһ¡
ʱҹĻȥ̫Ĵ
ӵ˲׷Χ
𷢿屻׷֮˵òż־ȡ
վ±ߣһȥôȽ״һĪĿŽӣ֪ң
Ȼ֪ҪΪץ㣬Ҳûлǿһ
Ů(qng)ǰѾ͵ӵνҽƺĻ򲡣ĺ
ԵĿ꣬Ҫȥо߿õĶԵȼ͡
ҲԽԴСӳҵ˳ֵĻᡣ
ĻЩĪҪʲôҿɲʶǡ
ʶûϵԹԵĸǻȥұ֤˺㣡ӷǸջ
ĿҲܸߵġ
ɲ㣡ӵù⣬()˻ӻ֣ȥץסߣ
ûʱ䵢飬ҪȥԽء
()ļˣΧ˹ȥͷ
ϵıãֶԷʵǿ˿ѷɫ֮ǰ׷ǵĺ췢ӡ
Ҫץڣûֻ֣ǲϵ((Ʊ))
ãȵ˵ʯͷϡ
ͷĿһۿ׵£򴽣ǵˡ
ħٿʼñȽϽ٣ٴαÿһζԷĹһ˵ץ׼Ҫ¡
ͻȻһСͷɴϿգ˽ӵ˵ע⣬ҲͣסҪĶ
һ̨״ӷɴǰ档
ϵƺڵȫͫǸϢ
ƾò㱻((Ʊ))£üȾһŭ𣬶Խӵҽ۸ֵز
ٵ۹ķɴ˭ü
ϵ˺ʢŭֱӷ()һŶ˹ǻش⡣
ܿӷɴֽʮ̨ף˲ͽӵ˶ϡ
ǶѵصľӢͬߣл׵ļӳ֣ܿͽӵѹס
ƾ߼ʵȫ޻֮
ɴ۾ĨĨǵѪ㵽˭
ӵôǿʵͶ飬һ()ݾԲ򵥡
()

486.486 Ҽί

486 Ҽί
ûʸ֪
ƾ䣬һȭɡ
۵ķŭͲʣȺһôðģ
Ҫǣ˸С
ȫ()۵÷һ̫ˣȫǳ
оóԷѾȫ()ɢɱ⡣
ۼŴ˱ԷĻսʿˣһһδս󣬽ǿ޵츳˺ܶ࣬ƵѪ
ٴαɣ治ϵѪǿĵĲʣֱӻûΪһֻɫƱӵޣ˻һ
ȻͻȻ³ȥһԾ˳ȥ
һս֣˽ȥ
սٶԶ룬ƾ׷˹ȥ
׷սгһȺȺķޣ׵ĽŲ
ЩʱսѾʧ޷׷
ƾ۾ղѾ˶ԷϢòȣٴαĻᡣ
ת()ص¡
ʱҲǼֻǿնɱ߷²
²Ϸɴң
Щսʿǣ
ȻץŵϷ²ǿ˷ɴҽֱӴΡ
ƾҲӻ˳
Ŷ棬ɿŰɫսװӣȦ˺죬磡
ƾ()ϵϢɢȥȡ֮硣
ߵǰͷҼίˣ
磡˵ƾĻůϤϢʵ˵ڼˣ
ǽһѹۣҲҳӣ͸ȴͬ
ǵĳƽУС΢չǡ
Ҳǽˡ
ƾر˱ıҲҵˣ
ſƾ̧ͷȦģÿΣջ߱۸ˣܵһʱ֣Ȼһسӣû뵽Ҳһ
СǸ(i)ģܿί
ƾͷ˭أ
磬ô֪ôҵҵģʡ
ƾصпǲϳ诡˲鵽ֵĵõǿҪץ(qng)Ҿ͸ˣ
֮ҵҲǸղŷɴ̽⵽˴򶷵Ĳ
żֺºңøϵˣôߵȥȻˡ
ƾĸ첲ǵҡҡˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

487.487 Ǹ

487 Ǹ(qng)
´ԼҸ磬òǰ߰˷ƣҲֻͬǸһλߵơ
磬ʲô()ݣʡ
ԼҸ粻()ʵǿȥ࿰߼ߣʵҲǿ
ƾЦŻصٹĻʵۣ
Ȳѣۣţ
ߣǻطɴ˵ƾõͷ
ͷã
ƾȻصɴϣķ䡣
(to)ݻС
ɳϣƾһˮ()ǲǳʲô⣿
ʵԼ(qng)˵һ飬ҲŻѰҶΪ˽ⶾ
ƾͷҲµˣû£ȥң
в̽ϾͷλõмѣȺһɣҪǲ鷳硣ԸȴҲʲôҪøԼȥ
ƾЦ˵ã
磬˵ٹ֮ǰңλװɣĵʡ
ƾصʵҲѣ֮ǰ˵竲Ϸˣ()Ѿƿһ
ݵģٴξ£ΪǸ̫()ϡ
ԭ˺һϷ̺СͶɱҪˣ֪Ͱ竣ʵȴվӢѵ
ҲΪ˼̺ȵķɣȻĳֱϻʵ۵һ󲡣ű¶һЩʵ
ԭļƻʵʤλʵ۵λãлٵ۹ǿ˽ϧȴΪ(i)̾˿
ҲܳΪٵ۹Ļʵۡ
ʣΪ(i)ˣ˼(i)֮µ֣
ţǶŵʱŮԼ棬ǾͲȥпвٵ©Ǳ(i)ͷԡ
ƾ˶˵ȥ֮⵽µҵʱѾһϢҽԺʱġ
̳ļ䣬Ĳл껹ҴٹТʡ
ֻϧ곹ɢûãϻʵҲȥˡ
ԭˣ̫ҲǸ(qng)̾
磬ֻԭ𣿡ʡ
ƾͷԭģҷҲԭ֣ҲһԵְɡ
ʵֻһòûб仯̫࣬һ۾ϳ·˵ǣһ
15~~
()

488.488 û

488 û
֮ǰû뵽ԼҸٹ»ʣûȥ֡
ֽƾΪְֺԼкգŮͺĸա
ŮСްͽ֮ġ
ֻϧСʱʧˣǺܺãҲ(i)ǡ
Ȼ˱˴Ҳ(i)
ʧٺ󣬷еĻû飬ֻǱð޹⣬ϲ²ǿܱ߲ڵˣŻ
ҲһֱǣŰ裬һţ˵ȥ˰ְֵļ硣
ǵģǵİְм񵽵ġ
ʱʧȥеļ䣬֤ʵǵˣεģҵǵˡ
磬˵᲻Ҳ簡һϣ
ûܡ
ƾЦż˵ְ򵥣Ѻǵı裬ҾúӦйء
Ѿ˴ҵҲõĽҲҵž۵ġ
ͷţһֿһˡ
磬ҪһȥҶ𣿡ͷʡ
ƾ׵ҪҵҶ뿪ǣ뿪
ĲСõİȫ
ãü۴Ц
ƾҷɴӦǼʱȽǰصĿƼܹźţģɷ޵ƬɭϿշлܵ
ɴ֮ܿͣǰ֮Ͽգƾһȥ
½ɴڸȴ׼һж
óһŵҩݸƾ磬ܶ裡
ƾҩ£ЦҼõҩζһڸв
ϲ⿺ʳҲǰҩ軹ҩһЩӿڸС
ϰˣС
˴ɭ֣һѪζӣ֮ǰӼɱɵġ
֮ǰܵǿ޾Ҫץǲ𣿡ƾζ΢΢ü
ҡҡͷʼ(qng)˵һ飬Ǻ췢ʧˣ˽׷ңܾǺһġ
ӸͻȻңȻ˳ץҵġ
ƾ˵()һ()£֮ǰ鵽ǿӵ()ݻ¡
ĵ׼һɽһʼȷʵǳģʼ׷ĺ췢ӡ
ǿ޻Ҳƽûв´Ǻ췢ӿѪ߹СԽ
()

489.489 Ҳ³ŵ

489 Ҳ³ŵ
ƾõԭ()ļ䣬ƹ˶ԷеԸǿ޻ҵ(qng)˽ġ
һ̳ˣǸԽСӣ־ǿ޵𣿡ʡ
ǿǱʵеǵƣ𱰱Ҫϸܶࡣ
ƾͷĸҲǿϡи߹塣
ΨһãҲ⼸Ѫġ
˵ʱǺ貣ͻҸ߲ϲ(i)
ֵǲѪô()ǱȽϵ(())ͱΪһμ̳ˡ
ɳʼң뵱ûҰĵӺ٣֮עҪΪλ
ڶЩȽ˽идνֵһ޲Ͽȥ
ȨĵطзҲǱܲģֻǲ֪Ǽһܵȥˣ
˼һתʣ汻ɱ˰ɣ
ɱһǿ϶ģҲɭɱˣӦΪԽƾ˵
ʼ磬ҲǣǼһҪ˲źáǿ˵ҪΪλһˣҲһʱ䣡
ɽſŵСӣ̲סһ硣
һ֮ǰҵɽµûб
ûԴʯڳӽ˿ռ䣬ɲ˷ˡ
üǿƾżªϢʧЦ
ôһ˵ǰǾͽѧϰ󷨵(r)ӣȤǺܴ󣬾øֽȥ棬Ҳš
ȿȣԺһǿȭͷڴһ
ͽ㲼õľ׶԰Ͳʿ
һ߽ȥͼſŵĽɫСè󱳵ëһĿǡ
տɫˮ۾ٻһ˿˿ɫ׽ˡ
СèҲ̫ܳˣŵϵĿպЦ
ô()ȻȫˣôСҲ³ŵ
Խ()һЩѿͷһ
˭()ôóԣһСľȫˡ
˵ֲޣ()ֻء
˵ţ˹Ҳ۾ѹ
һǷվڲԶ㶣
۾ȷûпλǣ
λϵĸɸƾ֮ǰ㱻ǿɱˣҡٵĽܡ
ԺǺ͸磬ֻ˽͵͵ϵԾҸʶĽں̵档
()

490.490 Щ˼

490 Щ˼
˹ٴ㶣ɸ磿
̧ͷ˿д棬Щ˼顣
()ӣûô˽ӽˣűȾϸˣ
ִƾʳڸ߹󣬻Ϊεƣ()ݶȻ
ôڻĽҰϸãôô졣
˲ܶʣȴûʳڣò׺͵ĹϵҪԭ㡣
ٺãͷܾеϤ
λǰ˹ҵĶѣԸܡ
ƾҲ԰˹𵭵ͷ٣
漴ĿſŵĽɫСè()ϣʶСһͷЩ񣡡
ǰֻӵ֣ǵúϲֻè
ǰҲŰ׼ȥЦŴ
ƾЦ˵˾ͺãèƷܺãȥúӦò
ţҲôġ
˴˵Ż˹˶첲ֱʴѾˣ()Ҳ˳ҽ治Ǵġ
(qng)ôˣЩǿ޻𣿡ʡ
Сè䶯˶
߹ȥſڵϵ()ӽ˽дЦèԴ
ԽѾ޿ˣ
Щǿ˼ץͷˣԵΣҲˣ˵
˹һЩĵ˵Ҳ֪ѧˣ
ҲЩģҵֻ֮ǰ׷лˣܲϵǡ
֮ǰһֻǿ޴򶷵ʱ򣬱һȭֻλãѾ޷ٶλͨ
ã˹ֻٵλãֻСڲϵƶ
ٴ˿Ƕš
ѧ㡢ܣشش𣡡ͨ
Ƭ̺˹ǻܣˣ˹ôˣ
˹ص(qng)ãѾɹ׷أ
һڱһֻǿ׷ɱһ()ȻŮŹܿЦ˵(qng)ûΣҪĵز
㽫ֻڵλһϽնɱ˹۾
ëߣֻǸ޷λϵ𣿲ȻϵˡԾû˵
һֱΣգϾǻлܼӳ֡
˵һȻϣΪǲŶλϵǵġ
ܶ˵岻ӳҲ(r)ֶƱȥд20Ҽôô~~
()

491.491 ϵĸԼϴ

491 ϵĸԼϴ
˹ҲǲĲ²⡣
ȥһλãϿֻǿ޹
ãǿ㣬ҲҪסˡ׷Ծյޣ򲻹ֻһֱܣ;Ѿĵòˡ
Ҫǳһ֮ǰĲҩ裬ŷԷʮ**Ѿץˡ
ţټһ¡
˹վ()˵ȳȥɡ
ãҲһֱĵԾյİȫ
˿ٵ뿪ɽϡ
оСſſģŷһȻĶ
óһҩСè
Сһһֱ棬һγϲŻж
ԽըëŮ˵˭أ
֮ǰ׷ŵ㣬ֲ汾ޣû豸Ȼжˡ
˵Ůҽϻмˢӣղоܵôҩ֮˺ܶ࣬ѣθҲˡ
ԭûԽ˼Ƭ̣ʱ()ߡ
ʵ(())ֶµҩ̫()֪ʲôʱָܻ״̬
״̬̫ˣƬɭͺ鷳Ҫ(())ٴ˻ǾҪˡ
ϵĸԼϴԣһ޿š
ָˣٸŮ˵ɫ˵ǲè
֮߳󣬰˹Ҳϵˡ
˵(qng)Ҳֹֻۣǿ׷ǵ׷
˹ҲλѸٷˣЩ˹
ԶһֻޣԽתת˺
˷׷׿˹ȥֻⴳ˲侪ŵӿˡ
Խȴͨ츳ɢ˳ȥ׷Ծ˵ǿ޶ͣס˽Ų
ӳȻǳȻô£
ԽеźܸߣûκΥ˼ת()ͳʱͣԽҰλȥ
ǲ֪ҲΪԼôӹһ١
ŵĵԾգ׷ԼǿͻȻ뿪ˣһĪ
Ҳȥһ̽ʵǴ򲻹Էͳˡ
ûкһɽ׷ţȥ֧Ԯˡ
ûǿ޵вҲ˺ܶࡣ
ֻһֱܣĶҪˣһߵֿһ߼ܡ
ǵҲɵģǿͻȻˣܾ⣬׷׷ͷķԸ£ٶ
ȻõԾܳ׷Χ
()

492.492 ĺ

492 ĺ
ȵԾռܵʱ׷ǵ˶ʧˡ
ܹ¿˿û¾ͺã°˹𱣻㡣
óһӰ˲գû£İɣ
ԾһŮ()ѣ()ֺܶθڣӡ
˹Цһ·ڱء
ԭҪţ˭֪ˡ
һֱûзѾץˡ
Ծһ㶣漴˸ۣЩǿס֪Һһˡ
Ҳ棬ΪŰ˹ߣҩͷǼʶˡ
˹Ҫô˿סˣ
ʵȽϳ˵ԤϣǵĹ
ܶûлɣǰֻԼϴڿЦ
ͻȻ£׷ǵأ
Ծմϴ˵ĳ嶯һ֪أЩ˵׷׷žˡ
Ҫûˣǵǡ
˹ȲѣѵǵĿģӦð
׷ǵǿͻȻ뿪ЩǵͱȽϽƻ(qng)Ҳ͹û׷ˡܵ
˹ͷӦǣ֧ǵѹüսΧˣǵͷܽƻ
׷ҲûʲôѾյսŵִﲹǵϢӲġ
Щ벻ͨĵֻЩǿΪʲôͻȻ뿪׷أ
ԽԼ±Ƚ⣬⼸ûбȽ
û¶飬װģŰ˹Ҳڳļûвĺ¡
˵ҲǱǺ췢ӽˡ
ȲˣǼȥɡ
ǿ޺ǵʱûȤص㻹ҪҶ
˹ͷȻգǾͼɡ
ʱԾҲվԱߣݺӵӡ
Ծչ˹˧˭
ЦŽܣ֮ǰ㱻ǿɱˣҡ
ǱȽͶԵá
ˣƾ
ԾҲ⣬û뵽ŷֿûãȻͶһɸ
hi˧磬лֶƾҡҡ
ϧ˾ѣǱȽϸлġ
ƾó΢΢һǳЦԵְɡ
ƼһǳġŮǷɡҲˬģϲǿԿ~~
ҪȥһˣԼһʱ䣬ӽ쿪ʼÿ¸£ԺӦûеģҷģæҶᱣ֤ôô~~~ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

493.493 Ҳ

493 Ҳ
Ҳܲ죬ô̵ʱȻһɸ硣
˵òʣɲͨˡ
ǺĹϵֻǶѣҲ˵ʲô
ӿռó̽򿪣ܿϾ޵
Ǹ߰ɣ
ã
һ˳ָķȥ·Ǻ͵Ծ˵Ǻƾġ
˹ƾ֮䣬һֱڲȥĸоһ
֪ƾʶһ춼ʱ䣬˵Ϊá
ԽԽƾֺϤΡ
˹ϸܿͻȻӼҵ˹ֵ(qng)
д󺧣ѵٵ۹λ»ʣ
뻹̲ס̽ʣ٣ðһ䣬𣿡
ƾ֪ҲѾµԼ()ݣҲϾҪ()ݺġ
ǣٵ۹
˹ɫ΢΢һ䣬ٵ۹Ļɣ
ƾĿЦЦٻ壬Ҳ
˹侲ӵһγ˿ңٵ۹µ۵ɸ磿ʲôࣿ
ðһ䣬ôܵϽİˣڵڶսŵķΧǼ̳ʸʡ
ƾصѰϾ޺Ҷģ˵ϾǵҶҪģҲˣȥ档
˹֪˵ģ˵ʵ()ݣҪҶϾ׾١
Щɻٵ۹»ʲôʱ(qng)ԼϾˣѵΪɢģ
˿ɺʹ˵һ㶼һûа竸еӺʣ()ǰȻαװġ
Ҳԣ߼ߣô竣츳ǿ˽²ѵô졣
һٵ۹ĻʵۣΪʲôأʲôĿ
˹ڲԣҶƾһ˿ʱԾҲ֪Ĵ˵ĶԻ⡣
ͬڼ峤Ŀƾ֣ѹ֮ǰܾЩϤ
˲ٵ۹»ʰɣôɣš
Ծ²̫ϲڣֱ׵Ŀƾʣ㲻ٵ۹Ļʵ۰ɣ
ƾЦŷʣôҲ𣿡
Ҳڱʵ۵()ݡ
Խ̧ͷƾһۣ˾Ȼٵ۹ĻʵۣҪ޵״̬ͺˣ˵λץһʵۻȥ
ҲǲԹˣûע⵽Լ˼ƾѾ߼ˡ
()

494.494 ǲˣ

494 ǲˣ
Ծյɴ۾ż𾪡
ҿ㻹Ǹʵۡ
漴˹һģȻһʵ۵磡
˹˳˳ǣԾעô⡣
ѵӦǺ棬Ϊʲôһʵۻ
ЦǰҲû뵽˳˸磬Ȼǻʵۡ
ò۹̫㻹ƽðɣԾһֱܹע
ǼʹҲ۹̫ϵܺãһǹһ򣬸Լüη
ͷǰ̫Ѿˣ
ƴҲ诽ĸˡٴ̵¡
ƾӿЦлᣬҲʶ¶һã
˵⻰ҳһȻ˾Ӧһʲôط̫Ծ
˹޷ȷƾӽǲʲôĿĻ()ıƾ̬Ⱥ棬ǶԴһĸоֻܽ뷨ѹȥ
ˣľͺãƾǴʱҲ̫Ժע㡣
һ·ϣƾͷų߼ѹûܳ
ֲҲΪڵħ٣ûг(ɧɧ)š
ǵľ벢ûгһ·ߣҹĻʱֻɭｫסһҹٸ·
Ϊҵ˸磬(qng)ܺá
(qng)һãϲóԵġ
ð˹ȥ˼ֻʳõҰ޻óƣȻȼ
ܿ죬һζӿ()ɢƮԾռ̲סӡ
ʲôô㰡ԾҰܶΣûгԹ()ɻǵһŵôġ
Цõӽ˵Ŀ()еһݸҿԳձȽкóɡ
ּ˼̵ݸͰ˹ˡ
˹֪յģƷ()ȫ޵ˡ
ǿ()Ϊʲôôó԰
ԱǾҰԵÿ()
ƾܾöûгÿ()ŵĲһŵüȾһЦ⡣
ǸϤζҲֻСнʳζı¡
ҳԵúܻ죬ſԱߵԽһֱûģʱˡ
Ůǲˣ
Լſ()ζˣԼӦҪСӵ()ݣˡ
𣡡()()ĺ
()

495.495 Ȼˣ

495 Ȼˣ
С˹ȥ
ֻСè۵Ĳãſ顣
˵Ƚ۵()ӷǰЦ㼱ģƽģŵԵĵǾˡ
𣡡Խ˱ô˵ֺ˼
ʵܲ￾()()󣬵ͷһȻ̲ס(i)ζ
úóԣôôóԵĿ()
һ߳һܰտɫӡ
Сģ()ֿ(i)Ц˵ŵ
ԾռϲСèЦʣ׼ȥ𣿡
Ƚϲս˶ЩȥȵĳûɶȤ
ͷǰ(ͦͦ)ϲèġ
ȡְɣҽôҲһֱôèȥġԾ顣
룬һСèͷǾͽзɡ
ΪСǰġȻˣǾҲְɡ
ȻֻèǲͬģڴƷһ˵ǾֺֻСèĪܴ䡣
ڵ()ԵԽ֣˲佩Ӳ¡
Ů˲ǹİɣ
գͷСèϲ𣿡
һ
ԽǵһαôУгȥĪľЩ߳ܡ
𣡡̧ͷĶ˼Ҫ֣Сӵʡ
óЦСèϲ
Խ̧˸߹°ͣһ֪ͺõģɽѪ
ûϵ㲻ϲϲԺͽзôľˣ(qng)ܺõЦ
ԽͻȻҪͷߵĳ嶯Ů˾Ȼˣᣡ
һ뵽(())пץסˣ
Ƶĵһ()Ľ
ģڳļ˶̲סЦˡ
˵ֻẹ̀ͨ()(ͦͦ)ȤأѹҪȥ
ǵģƾûзСӵʵ()ݣʵģǿС̫Զ
ޣ豸ҩΣ()ǿ޵ϢԶɢһֻͨһ
ҲǿѪǿ޳ʱһص㡣
ǿ޵ͼ߲⣬ûϳͿ͸Խ()ݡ
ϣҳԱϢ
Ҳ̵ᵽ˿ռߵĺôѹսռʱ㣡
14~~
()

496.496 ڴʲô

496 ڴʲô
ڶһ磬Ҽǰ
˹նϷһҷɴһֱβţ̲ס̾ٵ۹ڲٿƼϣ١
ŷ޵ķɴĿǰҲֻٵ۹оˡ
ڸȷƾ()ݣʵ۾ǲһ䱸˽˷ɴô߶ˡ
ָһ·ִӽϾ޻ķΧ
ԶԶͿһֻͲӴ󣬺ִһͷСȫ()ȴɫۼףŵڲԶſڡ
ſŵĲԶһɫֻƬҶӵֲҡҷڷУҪҵҶ
Ҫõ򵥣ʰԸϾ޲С
ҴķƹȥΧȻץ˹˵
ã˵ͷ
ƾȴڴʱڣˣ
ĪĿʲôˣ
ȴԼҸϤˣһʱͽǰѴɫ֦ĳ˳׼սɣ
Ļ£ڴʲôأ
ͻȻܴ˺ǿ춯ڵĶ
˾ͼð˺ܶޣһֻֻ׺ޱȵĳǷ·ںԼء
ֻϾ()¶һ˿ͳȻЩٻġ
ҿȻ
ԾճϾ޿ȥǸ·һжƿе£һɾ˰ɣô֪ǻȻģ
ʵҲµģͬܺ档
ƾϾ޵ʶǿڵĵطĵ̣һӽΧȻܷ֡
ȻȻǣͳε
˶˵Ѿ۷ޣǱȽϸߣȻܾ
֮ǰѾϸĲϾޡ
һóԿޣһ߳Ͼ޿ȥ
ſţȫ()Ϣû뵽ȻѾ۷ˡ
˹ֱˣ۷ޣôץԾҪˡ
ҲŭɫҪֱӳȥ𣿹ȻǼϢ
Щ£Ҫûƾ磬ˣֱӳȥ롣
˹Ҳ˺ڣｫһ飬Ȼȥ֮һȥʵġ
ֻܾҶҼϵܲӦǶԷ()ߵ˻¡
Ҷǲ޹ģɸøҲøṩϢҪġ
()

497.497 ̵ĸ

497 ̵ĸ
˹⻰˭ûзǶȥһٹ
ҶҼΣûм
ŲԶʵϢϾޣ˼
ƾһõĲԾվǰ˹ޣôˣ
񣬴Ҿǿ޳ֺϢӦǳġ
ҶҼʶҶûκεӣнõ˼ģʮ**Ǹ
ƾüͷʣô£
˭ô()գȻһһãֺɱ
һ߰ƾֵޣһߴӰͽ(qng)Ե˵һ顣
ƾüȾһһع֮飬ǸʲôƵģһǸʹۡ
(i)ã඼᲻ԣȻƣǿɶ
磬Ҳٲ飬ʱǽϢҲ׼ŹƵĻ֡
ãƾͷ̲סҪһٵ۹ȥסɡ
۹ЩأѾȫѹȥҲ졣治̫ü
ȥٵ۹֮ǵλߵĴڣ˭۸ãһˣ
㣬Ҫ۹ĲģҲԽӵٵ۹˺翪սƾʮ˵
ǲϳúͲ˵(qng)֪֮ǰǼһ۸ã͸ÿ
ҪѾԼֿʼʰļˣԳ֣ĸ߲㻹ǵøġ
һֱ֪ԼҸ翴ǸƷһʳ˼̻
ǰǱ𴥷ĵߣԺܵȻν
һ漰ǽãͻǻ̵ıŭʨӣ˭Ǿ˺˭
ʵҲڸ()ߣĵһطŲµҵͷŲµˡȦ
µûãȻѹЩȶأȥҲΪ㡣
һ磬һעⰲȫģʱԺʵڲȥٵ۹ɡ
УҪˣʱϵһȥġƾ̾˿
ʵ᲻þΪѣ뿪ǾŰɡ
Ҳᰲ˱ãǲ۸
һûд꣬Сʱ~
()

498.498 Ǵ˵İ

498 Ǵ˵İ
ƾʵǿ˹˻Ҳ
ܿ켸˾ͽޣȫɾ
ԭɢϾ޼״ͻȻվ()ÿżˡ
Ȼǵʵ͹ˡ
رǿƾ񣬳()ļɵ
磬һܡſʼϾ˵
Ҳ˵ģİɣ
ƾó֮ǰƺò󷨵ȣ׻ȸĸ
Ͼ޸оΣգıҪ˺⼸뷨תͷͳһܡ
ߵʱ򣬻β;ϵҶ
ˣס˹ȼʻ׷ȥ
ԾҲͬѡ񣬼ʻŻȥ·
֮ǰ𻵵ĻѾά޺ˡ
ҲҪ֪лŰֻǵҪסϾޣƾӡ
ʵе󣬼֮Ͼ޻׵ż˵Ļ׺˼ѵ׵硣
ǵĻٴͻȻʧ飬Ȼβֱɨɳȥ
Ҫ⼸һǱߣ
Ĳ㣬ʹֶεĻԶڵߣϾҲû취ġ
ҪҶаյġ
ƾҪȥϾ£ȴ˦ɵļˣʧЦ
۷׵()ޣ˵еΣգȥƽҲᳫԱ
Ҫǳʵ̫ľͲˡ
ͷãҵŸʰˣ
ƾ˫ֽӡ֮ܿǰµ󷨣ֻһͻȻķȻ£ϾС
׶ûãжһɫĳֱֱĳϾ޴ȥ
ΪҪץܿ˶ԷҪλá
Ͼޱ󷨵Уһ¾Ϳˡ
()޵ѪͲ־˶α죬֮ʵҲܿ߼
ײʧȥǱŭĳƾȥ
һһ˲սһٶȿľˡ
أأأܿҾͽ˼ˤڵϵһҳǰߵס
Ȼҳɢȥʱӻİ˹ˣͼһ()ɫսװеȻųվţ׺񱩵Ͼ޵ڵ˫ʹ࣬ˡ
ﶼͬ뷨ƾ̫ǿˣ
ѹ()ݵǶλѸײ֮ٺֶΣסٵ۹Ҿ֣ǿĿ£
Ҫǻһϵĸ߽ߣǻú
ƾҲûǴ꣬Ǵ˵İɡ
һѱŵСè˫۾ǽۣҸǲ̫˧ˣ
ģ
ͷԽ˸ۣ˳ǣȥҲ˧ĴϾޣŮ˲֪ʲôýģ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

499.499 ˸ø

499 ˸ø
ƾɽ񱩵Ͼſͥ߹ȥ
ҶɣߣȴŲɵζ
ֻϾӣܲĲͷһβϾŵҶ
ӳʼһֱŵİݣÿζܻ
̧ͷƾӣһǿˡ
βͣҶݵ
ƾӹҶת()ߵǰŰɣ
лл磡ЦӯӯĽҶӹŵħ׼ص۶֮ƽⶾҩ衣
Ծ˿ƾȻĶ̲ס̾˸ø簡
˹оƾãɻɴżַм˵ζ
ϾҲԼɡƾЦ˵
ȻԼҸðǽȥҲȽ񣬵ȹǺ֮˵
תͷ԰˹ʣΪأ
Ҳôġ˹˵ͷ
βֻ·Ǳǿ޶ϮٱʵôҪȥ˵˵
Ľͻȥ飬˵ǽƷǼҲǲưոݵġ
һôߣѵϳɭ֮ǰԽҰǿ޹ˣԾЩ
ԽƲƲ죬Щǿ޻ǲѺãûб¶()ݣ֪᲻ᱻŪ
˹ʼ磬ô죿Ҳܷ
һ¾Ͼߣڻȥ·һ˵ԽҰȻޡ
ǱŵϾޣֱ˹˼޷ѿųɭȥ
ԾԻ˸øɵĻһ죬û˿Ҫæ˼
ð˹˿ЦãҲȷʵŮ
ƾٹʵ(qng)ֻܻϡ
·δٵŻлһ֧Ӷ
βƾ֣˹˶ʰˡ
죬ִԽҰڵĵطֺ䷭˻
ܱ()ǻάרҵ޻ףԽҰҲڻ¡
ֻ𻵵ĵطЩ鷳Ҫʱ䡣
ԽҰʱֽƾ͵Ծգһȥ˸һǳ׼䡣
ְƶҰȴżҵöȥǳ￴ܲռӻֲ
()

500.500 

500 
ǳزĿȥҲӶˣһɢɷȻǼѪġ
òʺܳڣûǾͽע˹
ʱ˺ȥϷ޷ɳֿһС˧磬Ҫȥء
ⲻǺ(qng)𣿡ȤǺܴ
(qng)һܻΣŮʲôÿġ
βһСӴսأرӲ޷ɳӡ
ѵÿŮ˳һαǲȥҿȥˣ
ǾȤˣҲȥ
С㣬Ҫ޷ɳӶŵǾ鷳ˣ
ʲô˵ǵţڱڶս׷ˣ˵ԺûɽˣȻԿевСԹ
죬ӿڳҪٺ˵뿪ǵӶš޷ɳϽţɲֻǿ硣
ԹҲЩ£ųҴˣԺ󲻻˵ˣ
²Ϊ߰ȥ
ſڵ˷׷׿첽ȥϷ
ԾҲ˺棬ӿٶȣҲȥ
˸߽ǣһϤ
˵ûȤ㷳ӵĵ
˳ĵط˹ȥ
Ȼһ()īɫսװķվڲԶһֲֻڿ㶵ϴżֲͷɫ
ǰվһӶսŮӣ()ĸòҰ()ʮ㣬׼ߡ
и()Ҿϲ()ӻ𱬵˧硣
ŮӴһѼǹţζĿ壬вζŨȥһ뿪
˵ԱʮͬӶսˣԾΧ
˵һΣԭͷ϶ֱ塣
Ҫȥأûʱ书档
׼ֽЩ˵·һ٣ͻȻоһϤԼ()ϣ͵Ŀ˹ȥ
ȻվڸսǵλãһеĲͺ˲仯Ϊ˾ϲ̲סһģ
žҪȥȴŮӼס
еȤŨȴҲЩãС˧磬㽫ҵĻ߷ˣ
ƽŮˣȴе
Ů˴ӿʼһֱǿȥȾƣǿ()һ
Ҳ˵һ飬
ҪٲʶȤȥҪˣ˻Ůˡ
()

501.501 Ϊ˭

501 Ϊ˭
()ϯǰһҪ·ģ
ЦԼϴģڿϲˣ޲øϿ˹ȥŮ̫ʶȤˡ
ϴ˵ùһֱţ˭ź
ǺͷСһ𳤴ȻоóŭѾ̲סҪˡ
·ǰ²õӡǼæ(ͦͦ)()
С椣ϴĵǾͲˣϯѷĿŸŮӡ
ҶûȤ߿Ůȴɲõ
ϯɫ˳ӻͳһǹָÿ
޷ɳ˼״Ҳ׷ͳǹˡ
ǿˣӶŵŮ쿴ˣ˱žš
˵һԴŮ˶һծģȴһзŮϲ
ֻѧԺ۶һƱŮ(i)ĽϲȻߵֻĽСǶܱŮ˶ϣҲЩ
˹ȥ
ŮӲҪɵ·ɫ˹ᡣ
ǾҪָԷѵĵ
׼ȴһ£֪᲻ᷴ˴Ůˣ㻹̰ɡ
⻰һӲĿס(qng)
ǰҲûŮˣŮ̫ˡ
ʱҲѾ߽һ˿ŷ壬ߴżϷʵĵǱ˿ϣҪȥѹկˣ
ֽͣǸ񾭲Ůˣɱᰡ
޷ɳüͷת()һִӵĿɨɨʣʲôϵ
С˧ҿϵģҪǰйϵھ͸ҽˣǿƵĿĵ
ϲ޷ɳ񣬸ϲΪǵĻ
ü۴˼ֺͷЩƣ͵(ƨp)£(ƨp)
ԣ(ƨp)£ŮΪ˭Ͽҹ㣡屻߾ŮˣȻô˵ء
Ҫȥǰļ̧ǹָ𶯣ǾͲˣ
С㿴еˣҪŮˣδ棿Ҳġ
(qng)ºǆ£ǳ˧̧ת()еǹȫ˳ȥ
Ȼ(qng)Ծ𣬷ǳɵĽ߷ڵأߵһȺﻹңֱ
()

502.502 һ˲һ

502 һ˲һ
彫ס˽첽ߵԱߣյǰ
Ͼ޹裬ģҺŮ˿ûϵղҵ·ȥȾƵģϴʾܾˡ
ü۵Ц⣬Ʋ̬Ȼǲġ
û˵ɲϲ˴һȻϵ̬Ⱥܺã뿴ʵжΡ
忴üǲãɫֺѱģҪǲϲҾˣ
ȻûдŮˣϲΪǵвŮˣҲ⶯ֵġ
޷ɳ˲ˣǵһαôԴȻΪֺŮ
ǰˣ⹴֣Щ˾ˣǿдȥҲѱùԹԡ
ȴʧˣǳˬ
ŭתƵ()ϣŮǿˣ崿ţζ
С˧һûУΡ
ǵҪúýѵŮɣе˲ŮȾָ
ҺС˧磬ȻͰ崿Ůӵߣºúýһˡ
о޷ɳɢĵŨһаƸУԾüͷ
ŮǷ˵вɣһ˵ģʲô߼
֣һ񣬴еŮͻҺܲϲȥɣ
һ(qng)£ǲӦôŮˣҲҪ(qng)Դ
Ů˲ĲҲ⣬ǵģз֡
컯(r)Ҫǿ˧磬֮ղЩ(r)ֵ˵ĻŮǰӦû(qng)
˻һӦ̬ҲǷѵ
õ׿ϣÿĴһȣĺĬ翴Ů˲˳ˡ
˼ѾܲˬˣȻҶĳԲѷвõ˼Բˡ
޵ĵһۣҪһţͳˣﻹݵ񾭲ŮˣĲˡ
˳ǣһ()û()
Ҳһˣô̹(())÷嶯֣ѹֻᱻԼֵϲϣһ˲һŰ
ԣ˻ûأԼֵܵ׷֮·֪Ҫʲôʱܳɹ
ֻǿģҲǶԼֵûи(qng)ӣѵǴװͿ
ͻȻòԼֵܻûб׹˲ĳ嶯
()

503.503 Ϊǰ

503 (qng)Ϊǰ
ģȥˣ
˵ͳ޷ɳһȭ˹ȥ
޷ɳ켣ڳǿţ()ʵҲһ弶ߡ
ܿӭ˷ȭţǣⲻɢκξˣսȻô
ۣһȭ()ϣһѪ˳
㾹ôص֣޷ɳɴ۾ǵһαԴ
˵ⶼأǸиصģУ
У֮⣬Ů˺ʵû
޷ɳôûз(qng)СҲԼù
Ƕ𣿡˺󣬶Ա߿(r)ֵ˺æ
漴Ҳֻǵսָ̧⶯˶ϵ۳һŵĻ泯ŷȥ
ҩûкȣҲûٳףù()ٵıܿ˻档
һȭȭĽΧᷭߵһ᲻ϵ˷ɳȥ
Զƾŷǿɨ΢΢üζ˵Сս񰡣
ʱСõ(qng)пλСݣõũסѧԺҲ()ߣʲô¿ν͡
˵ûǺõһ棬Ҫ顣
СӴӼ濪ʼһĶڣûèŹˣ
ֻ̬ȱֻƾǿ⣬ҪԼһ϶ֱӴûٵ۹
ȻҲأֻ˵õ㡣
۹ڰ칫ĪĴ˸磬е䡭
ԾЦŵͷǰҪǾ޷ãܸǿܶء
һȷʵǿܾܴ弶ߣſôļ
񾭲ŮĺǷᣬҪǷ岻֣̲סҪˡ
ȻȣΪԼʲô⣬
(qng)һƬʽ̫׺ˣϯ嶼û֮ء
ս˵ļңԼֵܴôˬϯһۡ
ҸҿǸŮҲܲ˳أĵŮˣһ㶼ʲô⡣
ĵϴҪǰ֣ո(ƨp)(r)֡
һûϹ(r)֡
ϯλȻ򣬡Ҿ˵ϴôԭ
ƽϴƻ鷳Ȼǽ˽ˣԻ
˵ϴôǴ˼Ѫһÿȥ˧ֿᣬ(qng)Ϊǰֺ㰡
ʱЩô
⸱ģҡҡͷһֱ()
һ׵ϴ󶼲硭
()

504.504 ѵǰħ

504 ѵ(i)(qng)ħ
֮٣ɨ޷ɳӶţڳ(r)ֵӶȫˣ
Ҳ̫ǿ˰ɣֱſôߣòֻһ
ôһ룬ܶ˶ɴ۾һŵģ
˲ǵ۶ǸСɣ
òʺֵʮ**ˣ
漴ɵö޷ɳͬ(qng)ֻŮ˿˭ãȻ˵۶С()ϣⲻϵ
Ůߵˣ
ͬһ߷ɣڵûҰ()Ե޷ɳҲɵӡ
̧ͷվڲԶְȫ꣬Ƿ壿
(qng)ᣬ˶ϲȻ͸ӣ㲻ϻܴ
Ҫǻƽ޷ɳͷˣȴĻţû뵽ϸС˧羹ȻǷ塣
ϵڶսŵļ̳˰˹ڱ׷õܣϵһսŵü̳˷壬鷳ˣ
ҶԷӡ󣬳˱ǿʵǿս⣬ʣµľߣ˭˭ù
еĺ⣬޷ɳŶվ()飬߰ɣ
Цһʲô߾ߣ
̫Լɸˣ漴̧ġ
ͻȻʮһѵأսװľӢķ˳
ӳ
ЩӶţʵȴǵŹĲӣȫץߣ󶪵ȥ졣ķԸ
ڶս׷ǻ˵ǵţ˵Ҳ˲˲顣
֪Ůǵãƽû
֮ǰҪæȥᣬȴȥԼڶ᲻˵Ůˣ
ǣЩӢЧʲһߣ޷ɳҪܶûüֱӱܿƷ
㲻ܣأ޷ɳҪ˵ͱһӢס죬ֱˣ
ĶʮˣӶûдʧԭء
һʧģ޷ɳӶţòľȻѡ
λȻŰԵ˵ץ߾ץߣ˧ֿţ((Ʊ))ˣ
Щô룬˧Щ󣬵ɵߵǰ
˹ȥЦʣģɣ
һңģʧЦļ򣬡֣
˾ͺã˿㱻ǸŮ˺ˣû
ŷһĸղŵĿק˧ˣֻβǹһܵǰģͻȻЩһѾѵ(i)(qng)ħ
ħδҲ̫ǿˡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~ҵСǹٺ~~~
()

505.505 һΣ

505 һΣ
ЩĿŷ塣
㲻ȥôˣ
صǱǿ߳£ҾϹˡ
ǵʱʧɢˣϢȥ֪ġ
ǲǱǿ׷ˣ
һŭ۶֪˭ǿˣȻֿ˸(to)
ҲоʱָҩܳϵʹþͻսҲҪд鷳
ͷǰҪ׷ǵһǿͷͻȻûӰҲ(ͦͦ)鷳ġ
һҪ˳ץҵǿޣи֣ȻҹѾˡ
һһܻᱻǿ((Ʊ))£뽫ǿըˡ
漴һص㣬磿
ĸ첲ƾǰЦŶҸϵĸƾ
磬Ƿ壡
ƾЦŵͷ٣
ڵ۶ܱ￴۹磬ķ壬˶ٵ۹(qng)˫sصע
ֻû뵽öйϵ
֮ǰ˼һֱ()ϣźˡ
()ΪԵĶӣһսŵļ̳ˣȻǼƾƬ֪()ݵġ
һ۴ƾۣҲٴ
漴һתЦʣ֪ôŰǣģ
һѹٵ۹ҵĻʵۣôҲɣôܵûĿģŲš
ôɺһ;
˲ǶʲôĿİɣõ忡˭֪ʲôġ
һϮֶεµۣؿǺģó˵Ŀ⿴
ƾо˷ķζ˵Ǹɺϣٲ̫ˣ
ҲַԼҸķӣЩΡ
Ҳ⣬ϾǴڵʱ俴Ҳֻʶһѡ
壬Ҹ磬һӵĸ磬ʱôɺϺԵ
ƾһִδĽΣһᣬʶðƾôˣ
()ӿûôˣҪ߽Ҳףƾôģ
еίʶ쵽ڵǢϲҲǾ࣬ϿԼġ
ƾƾʲô˶Էһۣ˳ûһĺãһ·峾ģʳ˼̻һ㣬ѵΪ
ͻȻһΣС
()

506.506 ҫʲôã

506 ҫʲôã
ȻƾϿΣҲǰֳʲôǵñʰ
ԭһӵĸ簡彫硱ҧء
ЦǰûֵܽãϸҲ(ͦͦ)õġ
ƾʲôĿģöԷóѡ
Ҫ˿ĵɫǡ硱()Ҳܶһпܡ
ƾżζĿŷ壬СӴζǺŨֻϧ״ˡ
㲻ǽȥɡ
Цŵͷð
û°ɣһ䣿ͷʡ
ұģȻһ䣡
ҪСлɳˡ
úúõĹ۲ƾǲ⣬İȫɡ
ʲôɢˣǻΧۣüǳһ
⻰ڳڸֿϷɢԭԾˣҲʱˡ
СɲǺǵģղ޷ɳĽѵĿ
ɢȥ󣬷յǰЦʣʲô
ϵزܲռֲӣȻǻȥͰ˹ءʵ˵
˹𣬷ϸʲôҪǼһӵҲΣˣ
Ȼûϸʣȴµó˿϶ٵΣǿ޺ǵ()ϣ˹ǻҲӲˡ
ЦĿƽϸʲôҪûҲҵҶˡ
ɲⱻûһﷴЦ⣬ʣҶõˣ
֪ҪҶģΪˡ
޵ĸԱߵƾһ׽еҫζ档
ƾСϷҫʲôãСӽñֳԼ㹻Ӻ(i)ſܹһء
ϯں棬ԼϴģɵЩġ
ⲻ˸ǿ(qng)аɣ
ڳתһȦһЩֲӣԼһЩõϵĿʯϵȡ
ƾҲһЩԾֻóսЩûȤ
֮󣬼һصԽҰµĵط
ԽҰѾ޺ãװı˼װӣѾϾӵ档
˾Ȼһ˹üôˣ
һһ׼ûʲô¡
()

507.507 òѧ

507 òѧ
岻Ŀ
㻹˼ңӵĹ(ƨp)ʲôû
ûϵɣ˹˳
⣬Ҳֲһָֻŵġ
̧̧°֮ͣǰúչģ㵹Ǻ÷()ڶΣУ˼˵ûϵ
űˣ˹𿴷һԼģĪĲˬ
׼磬üˣٳͱϳ
һÿμ涼ҪֵģǷʰ
⻰һºԭۿžͿҪӴֵˣ˲Ϩ˻档
ߣ˴˿ŶԷһ治ڳˡ
(qng)ϯܡһһ㶵ġ
⻹ǵ䲻ϴ
ǰϣȥ׵ĻһܣүӺͰүӶûֹġ
д˶ܣүӳ棬ǶûзŹԷĸףǿзֿȥ(jn)ա
û뵽Ļλүӹãòѧ
ĵ̣ƾǹͣ˹ϳ
Աߣƾ()ߵλãúܿҪֿˣҪ˵Ự
Ҳһ뷨ϳԱߡ
ԾոҪȥԱߵλãȴ˺һѣԼһԾϳɣ
ԾյһۣһЩҪĳˣרź
˹Ҳ˺ڣﰵһǸҪƤʻλ˽ȥ
ԾҲһۣЩûȵļһѵӦýõλøŮ𣿡
˹͸򿪵Ĵӣ´üǸû㵱Ů˿
࣡
һѵ˵һ˻ͬ岻ҵЦ˵
Ծߣߣӣ쵰Ǵһܣ
ôͲŮˣ
Ц˷һѣȥպ
ʱ˿¶ίı(qng)ζ͵ƾһֹۣôȥ
һѣҸء
ȻĿȥȥ
ľȻΪСίȴֻܿĵͷȥȥ
վ()˳ŵСèӵλϣèܲ˳ۡ
Ұ㱧ţ
()

508.508 ܲеԭ

508 ܲеԭ
ԭſϷԽӵţ˲䲻ˡ
𣡡ŷըë׺
Ҫǻ֮ǰûıĺǻȽ
ȴ()()ģһвûС
½һѰԼϣ־ܴ󣬡С()è׵ģԺٱȻץ˾Ͳˣ
ѹϲ޹Խ۵ŭһ̫Ҫˡ
ֻϧָ̫ģһҪúķ塣
һˣֻǰûҵᡣ
εĿŷ壬Сסڣ
Խ⻰ôôأŮ˻᲻˵
֣ԽãȴþŲӣģһչ˺ģ
ɨһСèСһҰ÷ҲãаɣǾȸ㱧š
Խ˳ǣŮܲеԭŲҪ˱ء
ֻϧѾʱĹûãһ·ûٱ͵͵ʹĥ
Ծսӷ£ϳ˱ĸ첲Ҿ֪ɿ
Цǣ
Ծ˺ţŲǵķȥ
·ϣƾ˵˻
Ժȱʲô˾ն˸ң˸ȥƾϣԶ޵ߵݡ
ҪϵֻҪõõҲȥ֡
ķţҪʲôȥҾͺˣòС
ϰߺֳ裬ð
磬ҺȱԴʯʯءԼ׸
ҵҶڵĶܽҲԷſԴʯΪˡ
ʯһزʯ֮ǰڲǵºţڻ𣬶Խ°빦Ч
ƾϲóն˷һϢȥ
Ȼϰ()̧ͷﾡǳ磬ҷԸȥ׼ˣ͵Ǹ㣡
ˣ
ԭҪһһļ򣬲õô˲̫ãϾڵ()ݲãһĸ첲
˾ͺãƾüۣǱ()ڻһ¶(qng)
޿ſڷϵԽͻȻо()ϴʹУëƤһصľһţʱ̧ͷ˺
˭֪ȴ˷һͷϣԽܻ޿κεİٴμ¡
ҪȥˣϲܻؾƵ꣬ʱ䲻ȷʣµԤ21-0֮~~
()

509.509 ζ

509 ζ
忴ǰƾͷһȾһ˿ίǳζѣ
ûĵͷأСǹ֣
ҪǻƽͲˬСˣȻ潫Է翴ˣֻܱš
СϵԽͱȽϵùˣǱëǱͷ
Խ޲һڽָҧˣϧС()ҧȥȫǸԷﲻһŭ
Ǹ(())ָǺ޵ָȥԷ
˹ڸʻϣͨӾƾĻ
Ҳ˵Ķµûš
˹ƽҪӳԷģ(qng)̱ĳλҪ߲١
һָоͷԼϲˡ
ֻҪһҹ۾ůҲůǴСûġ
ǰؼҶҪȢӣҪҲһҪŵԣ(ͦͦ)õġ
һжɣ֪Լϲˣ׼ȥ׷
廹֪Ҫðһ(qng)УʱԽϵëһ޵ĵƾ
Сһͷ˵̲ס()
һСʱ֮ԽҰ˲ǡ
ΰ˹ûпƵֱ꣬Ӵȥ˵ڶսŵפء
֮ǰֻǵģ˲鷳սš
ڲ漰ϵǵ漰ǿˣ㲻С¡
սפصĽǳõģܿ츺˾Ϊ˰źס
ûȥ䣬ƾ˾Ϳųˡ
ʱҲֻǼţһսװӳƾ
£׼ԴʯʯѾ׼ˣ
ԴʯҪҺܼ򵥣ʯ򻨷ǲٵľ
ôҲǵ۹ֱڻʵ۵İӢҪ(qng)ãҲױˡ
ƾͷĲ
ӹЦŵݸãԺ˸ңҪʲôֱϵҾͺã
ðлл磡ûпĽӹӵ˿ռƳҲ͵ȥ
޳磬ǶԸȻҲл
ƾֱ˷˲Ц̧ͷ
ᣬȴһְҪˣǵµһʱϵң˭ҪǸ۸㣬Ҿ˭
⻰ҲǺģΪ()ԭıȽϻ()츳ܺãҪǿѹƣѾ˲ˡ
Ҳܺ;żһ˲ŹѹƣҪǴȥǵŵȫǼʲɣ
()

510.510 ̫ʡ

510 ̫ʡ
ԼҸ˽⣬֪˵
ڵ()ݲٵ۹ĻʵۣҲ뾡һа취ʵȻǡ
żûҪֱȦ̲ס˺졣
ŴСʱһ˵绳()ĳ嶯ԴӳûĶˣڵô˸ʡ
Ҫ۸ңһ߸ġֱƾһ£Ҳһ򵥵ӵܿͷſˡ
״ÿҪˣĶûԼأСôð
ȥСһôơ
˹״ɫҲ̫ÿ˺ͷͬĳ嶯
ƾͷ˵ɫ˹һ￴׷ð
ÿɲô׷ģҲʱŵ㣬ôͱǵˡ
ƾٵ۹кܶ(qng)ûдҪΪ˼ãҲǲܳʱġ
˵˼ʹת()ר
ϴκ󣬷Ը°һ֧˽±ȫ۶ٳ롣
ҪİӢǲ(yn)һᰲš
һֱƾŵĳ뿪߷ΧջĿ⡣
ίͰ͵ĿżζģƵۻǺð
һۣϻҸأҲö˭ã
˵Ǹ磬һȻζ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣ
㻹ԶҺðֱ׳ؽ˹ȥ
˳ζЦЦԺı˵
ŵԾˡ
˹ߵǰƳһۣղŵģܰ׳գ
һȫƤѹһֱסũǰûзַ廹˲ҪǱʡ
һɨղŶίοģָקʣһܱɵǿ
һһѧԺˣ()ߴգô(ƨp)
˹ڣǲˣ
ߣߣӣĿˣ
˹ҪߣӣʵҲˣòѾܾûдˡ
ûжתͷƵĿˣͷʺ϶ֹɡ
һսź͵ڶսŵļ̳ܣҪǱŵϾǸţܻսìܵĸ߶ȡ
̫ʡˣ뽫һӳȥ
˭ҪˣһԲҵģģŲءӣЦǰһ޹ģ
˹ֲҪ£Żûš
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

511.511 㹻

511 㹻
ڶսפصĸˣסǵ䡣
ɣҾϢһͻص۶˹ȥǵŵ
ϣϴɳϸԼҽ㷢һϢͿʼˢǲ
Ȼôһʱͷ˸ģ
һֱڹעǲԺҲر𼤶ÿ춼Ƶ绰ȴһֱͨҲܵá
ˢǲ诵ĵ绰ʹ˽
㣡̧к
诿ڵĵطǾƵ꣬һֱŵ
֮ǰȥæ飬ýһȽΣյ
ϵϣ׼Ҫ컹ûѶҪԼȥˡ
û°ɣ诹ĵʡ
ЦŻصû£ʱ˵鷳˾ˣȻ˸硣
诽㣬ϵĽ㣬ϵĸ磬ԺҲĸˡζĵĲ䡣
һ֪òҵ磬˻ˣ۾þˡ
̫ˣһûиأԺҲҸˣ
ЦʣҲ𣿡
ǣٵ۹ġ
ȥעٵ۹ĹţҾĲ(qng)˼ءû˵µۣʵߵնмء
ԽĴ˵Щ͹ˡ
诺ǳĬһЩ֪֮粻ٵ۹()ݿ϶򵥣򲻿Ϲŵġ
ðȥþûм磬ҲȽ
öңδ֮ûžۣ㹻ˣ
Ƶﲻ˵˼͹ˣȥˢš
ٵŴΧµۣ뵽ζĻͨ繲õȨ޲˲µۡ
µֽƾһŵ۷ǻʱƬ诼ޣȻǵĸ硣
Ȼ֪˸Լڵʵ()ݣ课ͲûмʱûлҲᴴġ
ͽƵ꣬
򿪼ͷżʪ⣬Ӧøϴ裬ȴһ()սװҪȥ
ε˵˵ΣҾ˹ϵһЩӹûɣղַ״ҵøϻȥ¡
״𣿡ڷôԶϹﻹǸоůġ
()

512.512 ȥ׷ô

512 ȥ׷ô
Ȼһȥ()Ϊһս漰սŵķ滹ǲ()
һǵ(ɧɧ)ţҹȥܴСһ׮
Цż˵ǻص۶ҺӦþܻȥ
ˣһСսлǻȥֱǡս˵ն˺ŷ
ϲŮ˵İȫԼİȫӡ
ĺ⣬Цŵͷã
ˣأûԼèһֱš
ֻè˷ĵϾûˡ
Ȼô˵ЦҷԹſ˯ء
Уð˹˿ٽȥͷ
漴̧Ϊ˿ɢŵһŦۣעⰲȫǵ۶
ܳľȻŦۣһŨŨЦ⣬۶
ʱϯҲӷ˳
Ȼܲˣϯ廹ӲͷƤǰϴսѾſڵȴˣ
(qng)ܺãӻ֣ˣ
ţűס
Ŀһۣת()ϯ뿪˵һսŵķս
սߵɳ¡
͸ӿųǶ¥ֱս͸ջĿ⡣
˽Ŀȣʣ˵νȥҾȥ׷ô
ƾǸС()׽ȴΪѵĽޣ̫ܲ׽ĶԽԽԾᡣ
ĵ͸ȥ׷ˣīʵˡ
ϯ޳ɵĵҲϴӦȥɲ˵óˡ
ʶô꣬ԼϴֻͣͲǰ
ڣôңûĵ˵ˡ
ϯڨڨЦЦǾԲԼ뿴Ϸ
ǲ㲻ƺĹϵ·
ȥ֮׾(ͦͦ)ʺϵģҿ˹˿е㲻ԾϴСǽš
ҲҪͷԳԷģȽڹ۲졣
ߣ͸оǸ˵ϲ()ߴգԾĲ
ҲǿƾͰ˹˺ܶΣУ׷
ô˵ȷ˹ϵʱҲС˵֮ƻ
ϴӢҪô׷أЦʡ
룬Ҳû飬ǰһοο
˴һƻȥ׷
19ôô~~
()

513.513 Ҫԣ

513 Ҫԣ
˲ټƻҪ׼ֵ㣬Ͼ׷һʽ(qng)
˸⣬º(r)ʱףֱ(r)Ը
֪صֱ˯ˡ
ڶһ磬˴򿪷סķ䣬޾ſɳϵСè
ԽԭˣȴⷿŶ޷ٴ޿
ʱȫˣ
޵״̬Ҫж̫ˣȸŮ()ߣȻָռ(qng)ٻȥ
ȻĿˣ
˹ӵڶսŵһսǳȥ
ûгķɴҲΪ˱ϰȫ
սóݡ
Ծտ£԰˹ʣǸǵŴˣ
˹˹ĻصѾȫѶС
Ǻǿйȷ͹й𣿡СèԱߵɳϣͷ
˹ûУ˲豸֮Իǣȫǿ޸˺ôģǲ֪ǵ񡣡
վսźĽǶ룬˹𲢲ϣҶǣǿ޹ɲһĴ
ǵҶңҶұѣԻܶҡ
սĻսʿҲܻٺܴ鷳ѶĽһ
ͷѵҶҲûв룬ûͽò顣
Ҷһ׹˾Ļ״ʦӵһĹɷݣǿ޹ᣬ˵Ǹ
ֻû֤ݣҲֻƾ²͸߰˹ˡ
˹ףҲôģǵڶսŵ龫ӢѾһ׼͵һ¥Ų顣
ȻǱҲҪԲ顣ҶǱߵ绰˵ص۶ŵġ
ô˵ԾռҲ˵㣬˹»ǿ׵ġ
սҲϢңһᣬȥ˸ԵϢҡ
սĴʱͣ£Ȼ˳ȥ͸
ûˣԼһȣվش߿档
ûһᣬ˹߽˴վڲԶ̧˹ȥ
ʲôأ
ͷһۣҹոо(ͦͦ)ġ
ǿպƯ·ǻһɫĻϡ
˹̧ͷ˿ǿգȷʵ(ͦͦ)ġ
һʣԸ(qng)ʲô𣿡
£Īķʣ(qng)棿
˹ҪʲôҪ׷ɣ
ָ(i)(qng)
£˹üȾ˿ůɫЦ⿴Ҫԣ
()

514.514 㲻

514 㲻
¶֮ɫ˹ʲôʱ˼
ſȱüʣԣ˵ϲˡ
˹һ棬Цǣϲˡ
ʽ׷㣬Ҫ̸һ(i)ҪǱ˴˺ģԲ(din)á
С󱻺ܶŮ׷ɻǵһζŮ˱׷
Ȼϲˣͻ
û뵽˹ϲ׷ԼûκԥܾǸҶûоԾˡ
԰˹𲢲У(ͦͦ)ָϵĲܺͲ׷ѵƷ񣬲ûаĶĸо
˹𲢲⣬ô״򶯵ģϾǵһμķʽ졣
Կ£
ҡҡͷǲܣԲÿǣһᵱղſ˸Цû˵
ϲűˣȻܣǾֱ˵˵Ҳ˼ҡ
ȻҲϲϣ˼Ҿ塣
˹ĿᶨЦҲǿ㣬Ҳġ
ʼ磬ֻ˵Ǹǲʣ
쵽ˣҽȥ£Ա㣡˵ת()Ϣҡ
˹뿪ɫ΢΢һû뵽ò׶Ů˶ģȴ׷ʧˡ
һϲ;ϵˣӦȴ
һСʱսڶսŵĻء
Сèӷ԰˹ʱûб¶κһ˿Σ·֮ǰ׵(qng)ûдڹ
˹ɫҲȽûе
սţԾռ½ͻؼң
Ҳû׷(qng)ϵرš
ΪΪ֮ǰܣ˹ӦǷˣϾҲǵ۶֮ӡ
ڶ֪Լˣ֮Ҫʲô(qng)ִţҴ㲻
ϢһϣȥѧУ٣ȻȥϿΡ
߽ңȴֲ˶һֻӡݡĽʵ۹⿴
ߵλ£Ա߹ϵŮͬѧʣôˣ
Ůͬѧд˵ȻһѧԺİУݶˡ
΢΢üʲô˼
Ůͬѧ֪ȵʣûԼǲ𣿰˹ˣȻȫ˶֪ϲ㣡
˺ڣ治֪ҹһֱڴҶֱѧУûüˢǲ
ҿ˵ն˵ǲȻѾҳһƬ
ϲ㣡
˹ĻҲλεĹš
ȥԸд22ôô~~
()

515.515 ˵Ҫɱҵ

515 ˵Ҫɱҵ
ǲѾ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
Ѿٲͣˢףġвŵġģ÷
ڵ۶ܸߣ˹ò츳ܸͬߡ
һѧԺУݣŮǵͻȻȥԵڶѧԺףôǲһʱͳ˵۶(r)ŵĻ⡣
ĸ߲һҲϵۡ
ؼҵĳû뵽һ侲İ˹𣬾ߵ(qng)ȫǴֲ
ǲİһʱ˺ü(r)ѣҲעţرӰսʿ㡣
Ҫѡ϶ϣ˹ȢһŵԵŮɼȻôߵı׷Ҳġ
ֻȥˣȽؼٶ۲£ûмؼҵʸ
ǵģؼҵĳΪܾ˹
˵ǣ۶ľ󲿷ˣΪһǳ(qng)Ͼ˹۴Ǹ濴ǸŮѡ
ѡǾ̫ɵˣ
ܿ죬˹һ(r)ͷ
ֻзҵ£ȥǲ˿ˡ
ԭں󽻽ķ壬ַӵ˵绰ը
һǷүӡ
ںǵһսŻأһֱڴ(qng)Ǽ˶û
Լүү磬ЩĪ
սͨǱ߾ʹʮ
С˵˻û׷ˣӵϱ˵Ҫɱҵˡ
үӣ÷ȫ±ˡ
үүʲô˼ֻ˵Ĵϡ
үһԼȥǲֻϱҪǴԺҲլˣ
˵ֱý绰ˡ
һֲõԤУĵ绰ͽˡ
ٶҲ̫ˣϱ˵Ҫ˹ˣȶԼܵܵЧʷǳ
Ȼһʼ˵㿴Ϸ˼ǼϲϿû뵽ͻȻðһ˹
ɫ˳Ǹ˵Ȼǽǡ
һ֪ʲôȥǲİɣһĵġôᶨ˵ȴһ˿еĻҡ
֧㵽ףͰؼҶҲ£ͰȾ˵ҲǺ£ܵӦòˡ
ֻǾǱ߳⣬
ţȥˣ˵͹˵绰
ŵ㿪ǲȥ˿˹һ˶ɢһɷ
()

516.516 ȥ

516 ȥ
ϯҲ˷绰ǲ˿
ҿ˹ҪģϴڣǲһС̲ס
߸һϴı׼ƻ˭֪˹ȻôһȫռȻ
ǸƻҲûˣȰºȥףƻ˶ˡ
ѹϴ()ɢɷôŨÿ¡
Ʊϵ۾ڵǣ̬Σ
ֻҪ԰˹ûȤԱ׾ܾ߲ᣬϴȫû⡣
¾£˹ǲҪļһ﹥̫ġ
û˵򽻽ӹˣ𣿡
˴˸ԭһõܰ꣬ȴ˵
ɣˣóļ鷳սǩʣµȥͺá
ǵһսŵĽӰˣҲûʲôԼᱻǨŭ
ŭ𣬿ɲ˭ܳܵġ
ѾҪըˣԽԽ侲ӹļѸǩ֣Ȼת()ֱˡ
ϯ״׷˳ȥֻһɫʧǰʻŻѾˡ
ҵһξϴɢϢú¡ϯʿˮʣ˵ǲҪȥ˹𣿡
Ҫǻ϶ȥǲҪļһݺһ١
İһۣϴֲ㣬ȥ߰˹Խ()ݣûģҲΡ
ϴҪʲôϯ°ʡ
ٳף϶ȥ˰
㣬ȥϴ漴ȥ
ϯŷӦҲٳף˳ŷ׷ȥ
ڸ·;У½ӵӡ硢˵ĵ绰
ַը㽫׵ĿƼ顣
ֻһ뷨ȥˣһҪȥˣԲĸűˡ
һ뵽ܻһľ̲ס۵ܣԭ(i)(qng)
Ҳܺڣ֮ǰհǰ˺±֮ı̬ȣӦ׵ģͲпɳ֮ˡ
նˣҲ׼ǲƫԶ̫ź̫ˣֻһЩͨûֻܷ
ǽ׵ٶȵ󣬳۶ȥ
߷ڸ·Ǳ¿ߵоõ˷ͶĿ⡣
Щˬüͷ˹쵰ëİףȫΪ鷳
һܰ(qng)㿪նǲ
Ҳϲ㣡˹
һǲһ˲ըȦˣڶڲ²Ͱ˹ʲôʱһˣȫˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

517.517 ˺

517 ˺
˹ǲһڶѧԺܶ˶رŮǡ
ֻ֮ҪѧУÿ¿ΣţôҶ̸(i)
Ҳ˰˹ô㣬Ҷ̲ס룬ǲǽֻ̤ⲻǵ
ȻܶȥУ̲ס߸ַ̡
ǲȥҲ٣ȫΪ򱧲ƽҲȥ˹ǲġ
û뵽(qng)Ȼһ¾ͷתˣӦ˹֮ǰ˲䱻Ĵ
ڻɰ˹ķ˿ˬˣû뵽ôĹܾ̫ˣ
Ȼķ˿󺰰˶ʼϹˡ
ˣķ˿һһȥܿǲ
һǲҲڵһʱ(r)ͷ
õ۶˾Ȳѣܾ˰˹𣬰ؼҵҲһ
ЩáˣֱӽԼǲ۹ܹرգҲûлעİ(jn)Լ
((co)co)ø˲Ű˹ķ˿ʹ(r)ֵˣתսط˺((Ʊ))
һѧԺ˶֣ܿ첻ֻ˹ķ˿ѧԺ˶ȥ˺
ڶѧԺ˼״ˣƾʲô˹ϲͲ˵ϲ
ҪľôǴԭ(r)ֵˣ׷³ȥ͵һѧԺ˺
Ծƽȥˢǲȣ֪Ҳۡ
ǵȥ֮
ԾգɵƯģϲ;ܾûëЩֻϲϹ((Ʊ))((Ʊ))ɵȲ
ԾǵһѧԺķսϵһ˸һˣǿıһʱܵ˼Ĺע
һѧԺ³˺((Ʊ))Ծ˵ɵȵ˶ˡ
ôĵԾյһģȻȥֵ֧ڶѧԺѧûɣ
ҲֻҰ²ۣҪǸȥɣԱŮᡣ
ԾղܵһѧԺ֧ԼЦ˻ȥ
ллգҲЩQɵȣģԾ
˿еɵĺۣΪʲôͻȻСĸо
˸еľԭ͵һѧԺŮϵôã
ǰɴûмԾջ˭˵߻ţһѧԺ͵ڶѧԺǾϵǳ֡
()

518.518 

518 
˹ʵҲû뵽Լһǲôķ죬ĻƵܡ
ҲԽԽ磬Լϲˡ
Ķ⣬ԶǲƵġ
˹Ų˿³˺ǲˬ
ʱҲԼһʱ嶯˲С鷳Ƿһǲ
˹ϲԼ(qng)ϲҲԼ(qng)˲ҪվԹߵĽǶۡҲϣ()Դ£Ҳȥţллң
ǲķ˿Ҳ˺ܶ࣬Ȼɺܲˬȥ˺ˡ
Ҳиվߣ̫зˣ׵ĺ˰ΪʲôҪܾȥҡ
˰д࣬˺˵ǹ()ܹݣҪŰ˹ȵȡ
ǲ˺Ļ졣
()Ϊ֮ˣ˱()⣬ҲǱġ
һʼȷʵ鷳ЩԼĸҲɽľƽȥǿЦǸԹߡ
ȫˣ
ƽʲôûһȥϿΣֱѧԺѧͶ
ڸ·ķ廹֪£׵ٶȵȳսԼһķи·ʱ䡣
ڶѧԺҪ¿ʱĻ׽۶Ǵ㡣
ն˵źҲѾָȥԭҪһǲ־òͬͷ᲻ȥ鷳
ϲһˣҪضԷסˡ
ǵȥǲ¶
˹ǲʱԭŵһ㶣漴ɢȥ׵()ת磬˿ϲ⣬ĸ
ľôԵϲ
˹µǲݣƲƲ죬Ǽһϲװ((Ʊ))Ҫڲʱȥ˺Ǹһ
ſ˴˺ƽϢŭ
Ҳȥ³˺ʱиҪ(qng)
ǸӢӵ˷˸ϢֱӼʻŻ׻˵ڶѧԺ
ɫ׺ۣҲܳ䵽ѧԺϵѧ¥ǰʱ˺ܶ˵ע⡣
ԺҲ˵ˣ׷׸ϹϷ
֪Ҫʲô
ﶼ治ѣ׷ڲԶΧۡ
һ¿ͬѧӽ˳¥ͼԶɫף¡
()

519.519 ϲ㣡

519 ϲ㣡
ôˣǼʻŻ׸ϻģҪʲô
Ż׳ʱ洫˳
һ()īɫսװдһֳƽ(qng)Ҳ棬Ŵһĳȥ
ҿ⸱(qng)׷̲ס²⣬ѵΪ˹(qng)ˣ
Ҫ
˵İ()ӣ(qng)
̲סͬ(qng)֪ʲôǨŭ
Ҳˣֻ֮÷ŭ()ϣȻֱ
ߵǰĿ
Ҳ̧ͷû˵
ţ˽ҪǸΪǲ(qng)ǨŭʲôģũȻֱӳ֡
ÿһ۾ִţһϲ㣡
ͻıŪе£ʲô
ǰһǽ
̧һֻֽǽߣٴĿϲ㣡
ڳ˶ˣ˭û뵽Ǩŭ˼ڱ׵ġ
УԵı̫˧ˣûУܶŮۣ
˵˽רע´κһ(qng)ܾĻ
ǵһμ¶ּᶨרע(qng)ԭǸϻ׵ġ
ÿı΢΢ţǷҲţܵƽ첻µزµļһڽš
ڷ崽øЩĻʱЦһʣжϲ
һƬհףȫߺԥĴصϲǳϲϲûϲֻиϲ
ոϻ»׵ϯ壬һ仰
˳ǣԺ˭Ҫ˵岻˵(qng)ͳ˭ôʦͨ
ϯ۾˸ڣϴ䣡
Ҳû뵽ôش𣬴ǵĻȺȻ䡣
ԭôϲҰ
ֻõϷʣҰ㵱ֵܣ㾹Ȼң
£ŵĿ˲˺ڣ(ƨp)ֵܣҲŲҪֵܣҪѡ
ȻίͰ͵Ŀ˲ӰСǹ()С()ģ㵱ŮѺòã
СΧ۵ֲҿû˵Ǿ仰
ɷȴûκΣ()תǿþˣûΥ͸УΧ۵˲û°͡
Ƿе㲻ţ
ȥԸд˷~~~Լ16-17~~
()

520.520 ô׷

520 ô׷
˾۾ȴķϰΪ
̧̧°ͣеĴһŮô׷𣿡
ҡҡͷûУ㵱Ȼ׷ˣ
׷Ҳģ()ʮ㣬ģԺҸʲôҾ͸ʲôҾԲ
ģһɣòã彫չȥһﾡǹʣδй
ֹ̧˹°ͣôԵķϣҾΪѸһɡ
òϣڱףﻹ(ͦͦ)õġ
˹˵ϲ˾⣬ŵľ鷳
ɻɷ˵ϲȴмһ()(ͦͦ)(i)ġ
⻰۾Ĺþˣ˵ģһᣡ
յߣ׼ƭң׼ڣ
üƭ𣿡
ûУҾ˵˵ѣСǹС()֮תٶȲһĿ죬Ц˵ҵȻġ
ü۴ЦһۣʶȤ
Ŀϲĸˣã
װ򶨣ǻũɣ
壬¿κǶһũġ
ҲΧۣͷУ
ǽϵ֣ĸ첲߰ɣ׻ȥ
Ÿ첲һ˻ס
׷ܿʧѧУ
ڳ˼깷ˣɵЩδ
ϯ°ͣϴϷˣ
˵ϻֱӾܾ˹ͬϴһᣬⲻŵ
֮ǰ˵ϴ׷ŮӲҿ(ͦͦ)İϯ廹ǵһμԼϴ()ģᣬЧȴһĺá
ʧЦҿˣһ()ͨǿҲֻѡ
ʻڽѧ¥ǰ棬͵Ƶֱ׽뿪
ЩƵ˷ŵϡ
˵ϲ㡷
ŽбףҷУݰ
ܿƵʹ
ϣ˷ԶģʽȻ˵
ģҲ뷢ǲ㣬òãĸ첲᲻÷ſ
Ҫϲ()ӷǲֱӾˣαѯʡ
αϣͷżݵ㣡
Ҿ֪ˣһϲն˵ǲ
壺ϲ㣡ϲǳϲûϲֻиϲ
()

521.521 ԺҼҵ

521 ԺҼҵ
巢ǲܾû˵ʲô
Ǵҵһ͵Ƭ༭ԼҳϷһǲ
һҡϣһ鷭ģ͸()ϣһ°õůС
ƬԱһ仰˵һ׷Ļᣬһúðڵģ
üķǲɫ˵øС
ڿĺһˣ»ûתΪѣҲܸˡ
ƬǲڶѧԺ¼Ƶ˲ŷȥ
ˣԹϿϷ̫ˡ
ϵ۶ٰ˹ǲˮؾѾһϷ
˭û뵽۶ķҲǲʻŻܻѧУȥԱס
һһ
ǱףŷƬȨְֿ治С
׼˳նˣһϢ
㿪ͿԼѧУ׵Ƶתġ
ֽǲƵ༭ãһ仰
壺ԺҼҵģ˭ҺҾʹ˭ȻԺҲҵģŮ˱(ɧɧ)ӣҲ
Ȼ󸽴Ƶһȥ
˲ͱըˡ
巢ǲҲԼǲԼüȾһЦ⡣
ֿעķ壬µǲȥͿԼƬǶƵ
Ƥ˭ҵˣҪ
ҪҪ˵ᣬɻûӦŮءûĵ˵
ץ첲֣ƶλסģȻ˻ᣬȻˣҵˡ
ȨʡЩèǶ㣬ȻίͰ͵Ĳ䡣
ֳ˳һƣôߣ
ûеôߣЦţҵĹȨҲˣԺ˭ǽǣ
һϲľ˳ŸƤһĺԽԽˡ
(ƨp)ҲĹȨ(i)ڲڣһѡ
ûץס֣ҰˣҲ׼Ůǽǣֻһ˵ġ
ԷʱЩĿ࿴ˡ
һƽӦٶ(qng)̲ôߣ(qng)ȴҪǮһѶѵðֱͭһ
(ɧɧ)డ
Ƥֻ(ɧɧ)
ҪȻǳҪġ
Ƥĺô~~~ͻȻµ½Ӧ520521ٺ~~̫ˣһдСʱ~~~
()

522.522 ϹǵĹ

522 ϹǵĹ
ʻŻֱӻũ
´һһĹΧȺڸĻŵһζ
ܶ˶̲ס̾Ƿ׶ôڲͬô(ɧɧ)((co)co)ˣ
Ǿ仰ò¶֪ǳ˭ȥģ϶ϲűİ˹
岻ķ˿Ǵ۾ͬʱҲʼת֧֣ǵô
˲˵۶ŮǣĽŮˡ
ĸ˻ǲﾯŮ˱𿿽ԼͲˣ׾޽еһ
⻰Ȧ˺ۣܶΪ(i)ı֡
ķ˿Ǳףô׷ģǷһֶء
СǹС()ʱлһ¾߱()ƵϿֶȣ
ҵ˿Լ(qng)һء
ڰؼģһ㶼⣬˾Ͷ£
ֻҪԼ׷ϲŮӣһжֵõġ
ԷƢ()ҲǷҳģķҲöĿζ
һ½˹зͷߣð˹ķ˿ŭˡ
һǲǹ˵İ
Ǽ񲻱ףһҲףǺ߲㡣
ǰ˹ķ˿һƬĿʼȥ壬˳һ
ȲϷˣ̫ˣƾʲôҪ߻ᣬֱ׾ܾ̫ˣ
˵֮׷ϲΪͰ˹ϰˣʲôҪͶԷ̤ȡ
ϵЩ治⣬ˢˢϾﶼУϹ磬Ҫȥƽϵɡ
⣬ȴˬˡ
ԣľͲС
˵ʲôʱɲˣʲôʱɺˣ
Ⱥʶģദô죬Ҫǰ˹˵ڱף׼˺öڣ׼(r)ʱء
ȫļƻûء
˵ʲôΪ˺Ͱ˹׷ȫǷŹ(ƨp)ûôġ
Ҫô죿˭ȥòײȡһأ
ص㡭
ˣ
ᣬ֮ǰЩ͵˽Ҫ͵͵Ƭ˳༭һգ֡
Ƭ¿εģһڽѡ޿εģһԷġҲǲߵģһϦ±óӰƬÿһŶ(i)ȥ𵽱
壺Щ˵ǲߺͺߣúõĿ˭ǺߣϹǵĹۣ
ps˵ҼĻģҿ˺˵ҿԣ׼ڮҼġ
ֻ˵һΣǲȥʱ俪ʼ˭ϹbbҾȥ˭idȻǾ͵ҵıɣŵ˿ԣ
༭ͷ˳ȥȻٴγΪ۶Ľ㣬һʱ(r)Ѱ֮ס
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

523.523 ֻϧغ

523 ֻϧغ
巢ǲһİţҪǻ壬ƻµ͵㡣
ɷȴȻֵͬܵһʱתԼҵܵܵǲүǲŶӣҲתǲ
ûתǲϾ()ݰȴޡ
ŷҵˣԼҹϵõĸ߲ǲޣһתǲҲôҿ˷קĵ
Ҳŷȫַ֧ȥ£һŮѵ((co)co)ֱˢʷļ¼̫6ˣ
֮ܶǰˣ˶ŭ
ȴûȥսλСĵߣ׿Ժͷңƾսս()ݣҲǴǲĴڡ
οڷ()󣬻վôţ()ݵ֧ߣǸǡ
ȻҲҪԷǲôŰԵ˵İ((co)co)£½ڷ巢ǲ֮󣬼Ϲ
ŴҾͼ֤ʲôЧʣһidڵһʱ䱻ľӢʵ()Ҳ˳漴Ƕ˹Ǳϳ˵۶
ڵ۶ĺҲ࣬׵ûˣкϵ˻
岢ûжõ۶Ĺϵȥ()߽Էʵ()ݹϣȫӢŵĺڿ£ȻȡΥֶʰҲ˽Ȩɺ֤ݡ
Ҳ˺ܶˣû뵽ֻˣʰֶҲǸǵġ
û˸ϷڮٻߺۣһƬȫף
ǲ۹ٴοţ·ףǸߺһһ𣡡ۡ
󣬱ʾ
ߵֳ֣һ񳱣еķͷȫȥ
˹ӷʼ͹עʵ̬ȡ
ֻܵǣֱ׾ܾת()ȴ˷һ׷ĻᣬҲһ
Ѿһ߽ģһԷʲô(qng)ܲıѡ
˹ﾾܣȻһȥ˾ưɺȾơ
ܺͳҵ˹ʱǰȫǿվƿǾ˾
ϴָϵţϸҪԼҪʱ̱侲ǣ˻ϺٺȾƣҲʿɶֹ쾹ȫΡ
˶һۣϴǶģֻϧ˺
()

524.524 ǲҪϲ

524 ǲҪϲ
߹ȥ£˹Ȼ˺ܶƣҲ⣬־ȴһֱѡ
ˣ
̾˿ϴҪôϲȥͷװɡ
˹һƱԳЦЦȼ͸Ҵû¹壬ȴˡ
()˽⣬ѡѸı䣬Ҫ(qng)ȻܷУԺѶˡ
ĶģҲ¶ԷܾΪڵ۶˴ǲϣΪԷԹǸˡ
ϴҪ׼ˣʡ
˹˻ξƱ֪Ҳʲô
룬Ҳã
ȥʲô(qng)δЩݣķУ粻(qng)ĵ
ֻƱػӰһЩϴڰؼҵĵλϾϴɲǷһǷҸŵı̳λõľ߿ɲ٣ʱʱľͻʹ
(qng)˵ؼѾи߲㲻ˡ
ϴ󣬰ؼҪQˡѡ
˹۾ǾǱQ(qng)ã
(qng)ãҪҵ(qng)
漴ȫָǸ侲ǵĹ٣վ()ذɣ
ܺͳ״˿ϴûб(i)(qng)ͷԣûб̼ʧȥǣǺܿȥ
ߺλòԶһһòݵӡ
żζƹ˹Ͱ˹Ӵε(qng)˵һͻƿڡ
ǣԱŵһսװӵͷ
ũͷȥʳóԵġ
⼸ұСôȥˣûũ
극󣬷ԻʳȻũɢһСʱŻر
ϴն˾ˡ
ͨ诵ͶӰ֡
诽㣡
޵ȾЦ⣬ǲҪϲ㣬ܿ콫뵥()У
ˣһ޵İԼúȨûзУú˼
۹ʱͿ˷ԼõϲҲȽغ͹˼õĸܣԷ()ݺѵá
Լõ()ʵҲʺҰ˹ͣǺͷСǹ䣬(r)Ҳܹζ
ЦӦÿ˰ɣ
뵥()У诽ԷлյԳԣԶ()ζЦŲ䡣
ҪؼˣȥԳԷȻȥϳϼд˷Ԥ19Ұ~~
()

525.525 һĺϲ

525 һĺϲ
յһֿüĵҩЧܺá
ǰҪڻƣ֮ôᣬҲǰʾ㣬ܿƵҩˡ
۾Ǹ(qng)ðҵԷյ
()ĶؿҪˣã
˼䣬Цŵٵ۹Ļʵۣʱ۹ݷã˵ú˧뿴
ܿͻṫԲй¶ܡ
ҲǶʾʱҪȥ۹ҪҲҵ˾žˡ
һףҲ뿴
()ָ֮Ƴβĵҩˣ͵ҩͬʱžۣòˡ
Ҳ˵̫࣬ðʾİʾ͹ˡ
ƾ˧߽ʱڴ绰
Щζ߹ȥȦסüʣ˧𣿡
诲ͷĵϻ϶˧
˧㣬ܷ
һڣΪƾһʣ竻û诵ǣ˵ĺ˻ˡ
У÷ŵ㡣
˸绹ûе˵ǰ֮࣬ǰƾӡ׵ı߽࣡
һߣ绰óѾҩ۵ҶѰҩҩ
һϵʱ䣬ҩóɹ
˸ȥϴ׼Ըٻ˳ͷк
µһ¥춯Щ˹ȥ
徹Źڼ弦ﻹ㡣
ͣű߻֣Ȳѡ
Щֱŵķ˷Ц˵ǰǰҳԣҾԼҲӦøԡ
˵Ůĸ(qng)ҪƽȶԴأ˷澭
͵͵˽ͺͻУǿó֣Ͼ̲סҪˡ
ô˵ûдǲܵģû뵽Ƿİ֮ӣΪ
ǰ˵һԸΪҳΪϴһĺϲ㣬(qng)ĸף
֮ǰѧ߹ȥȻֱţҲģǵһ
ٺٵЦȥǵʱΡ
ԭҪȹ(r)׵ʱһٷʢĲˣʾԼġ
ֻǻûüص۶ѧƻͱˡ
ȳȥȵȣϾˣŹ˻Ρ
һն˽ϵΧŹãҳȥ㣡
()

526.526 Ű

526 (i)(qng)
ӣӳװ˼弦
ºۻȥ
һǰЩ˼˵ǸҾѧȳԺѧġ
ʵѧ˺üֻܳԣԼ볢
ǰͣնһڰ࣬ĻС
ֳһڼζУ
ûн÷ѾǺܲˡ
Ȼ֣ȻĻ()ʵıӦõġ
忡ϵЦŨŨѵûᱻ䣬Ժлᣬԣ
ðֺ˺̧࣬ͷЦʣҸղŰ͵ܷǲ𣿡
֮ǰǲϣǱǸάûлӦ
쿴վڳ͵ģ֪Ϊʲô뷨
۾һ⣬㾡ܷҪҪҲȥ
ЦŴչһǵĺա
ЦŰһۣôߣ
ŵ½ǲһŲϼ嵰ͰƬһ仰
ֻͣ
ǲϵˣˢµǲһЦⶼҪˡ
ֽղͷƬ༭Ҳһǲ
壺ͲģһٽŬ
˽ǲܿըȦˡ
Ȼ³Ϊͣ(i)׵ģ
ԭůУҸ
ҿϴʲô(ɧɧ)((co)co)۾챻Ϲˡ
Ȼ׷(ɧɧ)((co)co)䣬ڹҳˣ
⹷Ҳˣ̫ľУ
𣡡
Ⲩ(i)666
Ǻģ
һľ͸ιҳ궼ˣ
ҲǣԹ͹ˣ
Ĺٸһˣ
(i)(qng)ˣ
()̸(i)ˣ
˵ǲۺܿˣ޸ϰ
Է()ݣɲֻǷ˿߳ԹȺڹעҸ߲һʱ̹עġ
ҵıȻΪ׷Ůȥѧͣûһ
Ƕ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣֻ˵̫档
Ҳ֪ҵ֪ʲôӦҶܺ档
()

527.527 ̫Υ

527 ̫Υ
ûʧҺܿ͸˷Ӧ
үӵ΢ȸ˵ޣ˷塣
ս˧Ӿǰ
úãٽ
ӣӼͣ
ܣ翴㣡
ȣҼֺŮˣ
ŷҵ
ս˧СӲʹүү֧㣡
Է()()Ҳ³ˣ
ӣҼˣ
ܣҼˣ
ȣҼˣ
ҵķӦ˴۾Ҳ̫˰ɣѹһ
ɺܶ壬϶˼̳˶Ů̫ģΪ(qng)ǵƷҵŸ÷ڵһλȴȫ
һϺٳֵ̫̫ǲַ֧ӦҲϿϲ
ò˵Ľ
Ҳúܶ˵۶һСõ˷ȫ˵Ͽɣʵס
ţ棬Ҳ֪ҪʲôԼ(qng)ˡ
ǲһѵˣ֪Լ˶ķ죬͡
ͳֽ꣬˲죬ѾƳԼҩ裬һͷã緹Ӧòˣ
ͷðҽҲȥڼţ㺰ҡ
ҪⶾôҪ(qng)ôܲء
ţɣЦ
ôһʱʱԼ()ߣо(ͦͦ)ġ
ȥʰ¥
ϣն˾һʾ
㿪Լҽ㷢Ϣ
诣ҽһ칷Сǹôô(i)̫Υˣ
ôãǷǳ˵ġ
жһЦ⣬һ䣺Ҳ(ͦͦ)(i)ĵ(qng)
ûһѣ˧Ե춾()(qng)Ǽһ˵ڻֻСǹ
䣬ˢˢǲҵˣôķӦ㶡
Ҳܿ췴Ӧǹַ֧׷ԼҲ˽ϲ˼
֡õЦ(qng)Ȼ˷ˡ
˳նˣȻóõҩ裬ԥ¿ʼ
ʰãҲǲԼ˵ֺͱ(qng)Цˡ
ôô(i)أͷɱ
״̬̫ãдĺ8㵽վ8һûзĻ֤һûд꣬ؼټʱӦû22~~ôô
()

528.528 尡

528 尡
¥ķûйأƿȥ
۾ǽһ״̬߹ȥɳϡ
ԭſɳ۾Խ̧ͷһۣȻ˫¶ᷳͷᵽһߣôˣ
֮ǰСè¶ɫ϶ῴ˳۵ʰһɲ
ǵ˵èүҽ(qng)úƽϡ
𣡡Խըë𣬲Ÿպ;ͱס
и(ƨp)ӰˣСè죬򿪴ֱӽ˳ȥ
ԽȻޣܻڣӳȥ֮˵ǽצס»Ȼ䵽ϣ϶ˡ
Ҫûбޣһ
ڰûܣڶ۶ˣȻܰ;ϡ
˵Ҳܲȥץס鷳һǾˡ
ǿŽ˱ɳϰţɫ()ޱȡ
ҹҩͼˣҪһ̽ʲôҩ裬ʲôЧ˭֪ƻˡ
ϹʱڵĻ˵Ǹǰֲϣ尡
彫˳۵èˣ(qng)õĿɳϿ
ڼü绰ˣĳɷϢ
һСʱҩҩЧգ()оȻ۵Ҫһ
¶ʹ֮ɫɫ԰ףͷһϸð˳()ϵ·Ҳˮʪ
״ͫһ()ȥ§ڻУģôˣ
۾ȫ()۵ܣؾḶ́û£
˽ⶾҩ⣬һЩиЧҩݡ
ҩЧ˳žһĽڵĶųȥ̵ͬʱҲչʹ֮յٶȻ죬š
һ§һͷ㣬ҪҺ㽲°ɣɢע
ۺᣬȴһ
ЩĵˣһŹ
ҪǿԵĻԸ
ڷ廳оһеİȫУð㽲ɡ
ǷͶ˵ԼȥսĲȤ(qng)ȫ()ڳʹȴʱôˡ
ʮֵģһ˵һ߻øȥõëΪ
˼ŻллͺͶƱ~~~
()

529.529 ·ԽԽ

529 (to)·ԽԽ
ֹСʱֳʱҪιȥһĸоʧ
ƾԼ(ͦͦ)ҩЧ˿Ѿȥˡ
ȫ()ʪǴˮ̳һ
ȴо˶˺ܶһԭľ磬Ҳ׻
һ()ǺһҪٽתôѾٶҲ˺ܶࡣ
֮ǰֿҩЧʹȴķ˲
()ЩŷұȥԡңҪϴ裡
ͷ԰׵ɫָ΢˿ã
ԡңűվš
Ұ㽫ˮźã˵žȥˮܿԡˮЦʣҪҰϴ𣿡
ӿռóһŻָڵҩ£̧һ£
˺ܶ࣬Ц߳ȥš
ϴ()ˬ˺ܶ࣬ҩ辫Ҳȫָ
˯߳ȥɳˢնˡ
㻹ûߣһëͷһʡ
ն˳վ()߹ȥǳȻĴнëӹȥͷ
ºȥԡҽóͷ
(ͦͦ)ܵĿͷ
һԽԽܵˡ
̧°ЦǵȻġ
޳ָ⣬ں˳ķ˿ıĸо
Ҫչ˵΢˵ﲹ䣬ȻԶ᲻뿪ˡ
Ц(to)·ԽԽ˰
һﲻϵʱǸɵӣٶǿľˡ
ǣ(to)·㣬ô(to)㣡սնѧζ(qng)ѧá
Цãͷ־˾Ķ䣬㹻ˣ()飡
ûж㿪ţͷչȥ϶˵Ůϲķǣ˵()飬ʵ(ͦͦ)İɣ
Цšһѣ(ƨp)
ĸһߴͷһֹ
ת()ɳϣƯ׵ĵ˵һ飡
ˣЦĸҲϲ
Цİһۣ
Ȼתȥͷú÷񣡡
ҵĸС㣡Ц
شľǸ첲ֱ˼ѣȴС
˼Ҷ˵ˣ(i)ԽǾԽϲ
()

530.530 ״

530 ״
ͷ˷䣬Ȼ()˯
һҹҩ裬ºôྫ(ͦͦ)۵ġ
屻ȥҲû뿪ũȥɽժһЩ߲ȥʳãóʦϲԵĲˡ
صͼԼӳèǸһſڿɳϡ
߹ȥ£ϲĿèвèҾ㣬ԺҼԶ㣬ȥģ군ˣ
֪ΪʲôһۿֻèͲϲܾһв
ȷʵֻһֻèޣ۹()ǱڵΣգϵͳж϶ߡ
Լֱ
ԽԽԽˣһǺ塣
ƾʲôԶǸŮˣġ
𣡡˫۾ǲú͵ִŷ
ٺϻĲץ˹Ȼ󼸰ͷϣҾÿʰһ١
ͲŻѱһֻèԾᵽԣ
𣡡ͷϱ˼ƣԽûѪǿ˵Сӣǵڼαͷˣ
צӾͳŷץȥֻϧֵһܿͱһ١
¥ˬʱͼèʰʱ
ô۸ˣ
˵ŵèſĲЦҺء
Խʰһ٣ŭίˣ˹ȥ
ס˫ˮͰ͵ĵͺڸ״
ǿںͳڣ()ǵȶкܴ仯ġ
ԽȻǱҩű޵ģҩĳɷ־Ҫĳ޷չ
żҲӰ죬ЩһˣС()ӣ()ίɣ״
ҪǳԲĶֻĽס״
ˮίͰ͵۾ȵˣЦͷԺҲڣͶԶɡ
Ȼ˵ɷ壬ô˻۸С()è˼𣿡
Խ⻰()һô˭С()èˣŮ˻᲻˵أ
ԳèᣬҪļһȻ״
һ޹Ц˵Ҿͺأû۸
ڵԼ˫־Уұ֤Ժ۸ˣ
⻹࣡ЦЦ
վ()ߵ()ߣһѽҪè˳Ȼӵɳϡ
ֻǰڣûô³ȴ͵͵һѶԷĲԽ۵ò
14~~
()

531.531 

531 
ȩֿ̀˿ʱ䡣
ѾʳõĳʦϲĲˣһȥ극ɡ
ڷ壬ǱȽݵģèСףã
ɳߵèԷȥˣã
Ҳٱè֪Ҫʲôɵ(qng)
һֻèĴ׶ԣֺЦΡ
ȻϲŷͲˣϾҪ
ʱܶ()ԵĳƢˣеҲ
ϵѧЩĽֻΪģã֪
Ҳֻȡ踶(i)ҲΪ˲͸
ԽȻԼˣʱúίӵ塣
Ϊ˲ӣҲֻܱĸȥ
ȥʳãʦĲ˶
èţʦȽϸĵĵһݣһϸԡ
ũɻ˼һЦкйϲ˵ġ
ǲϵ(qng)ֵȫ֪ˣũĹһ춼ˢ
ͷһһоȻ̬
Ҫ˲һء
лүӿЦ˵СҪǷСԺ۸߶Բ㣬ңҲ
⻰ҲϿͷġ
Ȼǵڶսŵĸս˧ȴΪ˹Ÿһԡ
Դũͼͷദģʽ˺ܰ䡣
ϲȫԼŮһȻϣҵõҸ
лүദʱˣҲ䵱һ׽Ц˵ǿ϶ģҪ۸ңҵһʱǸ״ˣ
ͶˣлүõЦ
վԱҲȻ۸ԲֻϷˡ
˵Ҫ(qng)лүӶ֣үүͻùȳ
극ȥɢ
лүӴʳóͿ˲Զɽŵˡ
ԽԽ䣬رǿдŵЦ⣬֪ͷһǿĵġ
նһƬҲһǲһף
ڶսŸͳ˧л俴Сһʳɢ̲סϣС쿪ģҸ
л()ݵ˶ǲƽʲôҲս¶̬רŹǲŶӷġ
()

532.532 Ϊ

532 Ϊ
үӵһַǲҲŶϿɺ֧֣Լһֹά
ҲһǲһըȦˣ
лү˭Ӣµĸս˧еʵȨ٣ŷǳĸߣҲܸߡ
⻹һιһ֧ϿԼƫ(i)ȴлҵ
ôܲ𾪣
Ĳϲ㱻ǲòᣬϲ()ı۵ľ̲ס˼лүǲǱȡ
û̫뷨ǻϲǷˡ
²ģҲԡ
໣һԵúóţ
лүԺ෢˵Ƭǲ
һв(i)
ұʾԱˣҲˣҪƬ棬(i)
ǲҪЦˣ
ɢƬôϷ޵ļӸУôô(i)̫ˣ
ԶԶԣҲָо̫(i)ˣ
ŵʱһ仰УҪϣҪжʵ仰ҾҪ
Ѿˣ
һ𰡣ˣֱһɣ
һһ𣡡
ͷǲ˲䱻û
ҵʵҲû뵽һͷ(qng)лүӣȻƬǲ
үӵһξлү˳ۣԽǲȥһޡ
תлүӵǲ
ս˧Ҽô㣬ôϲ
ҵ½ǲµޣʾͬ
һǲܶѶȥ(r)֡
үӣҵأҵġ
үӴʱϷȣôڻܽ׷ִؼҰ
үҲ(i)ôôϱүү
үүʾҪˣֻҪϱ
үʵϱǽǻȦȦ
ˣүүϱӵĽడ
ְ֡綼ˣҲжϱã˶ӵܵܵĽడҪˣ
(i)һˣ
ЦУΪ
һķԺϱţλ
ͻȻԤ˷(r)ӣôôЦأ
һƬ٩ԭүôһȤ(i)ս˧ӡֺһ㡣
һһϲҳлүƫͷ壬ʹүˢһøУ˾Ͳˬˡ
1520~~
()

533.533 κ

533 κ
ٲָ߲ŷ֣ԭӰ쵽лүӣɲǺ¡
ǲϣֵĸֱƣЩͷҲԸߺͷȨļ壬Щסˡ
ĻҲץסϵ˰Ͳסˡ
ͷصҲлүӷǲ
ȽϸߵֻһޣҲֻлүӱʾ˸лûн
òԭҪʲôЩʧ
û˯ǽŷŵ̨ϣ¹
()Ķسų֮ҲҩЧյ뵽㡣
ûжصѹƺʴԭ()ʺ;ҲһĻָ
Ԥٹ죬ָܻ۷״̬ˡ
һָʶڵһ壬Ҳøǿˡ
û()ʺ;ָϢѺʵĻᱬȥЧ
()ָˣҲƳĵҩ¾ֻ߱һζúˡ
Ժ˻򲡵Ļߣƿһ飬ûȥ
ڼͷһϷҩϵΡ
һͺһųȥѧԺ
ѧУв˶Ͷȥ˿Ϸ
ҩѡ޿εοʦʦѾ콫ҩԣ˲صѧҪ߳ѡ޿Ρ
ص㣬ǹעصͽ֮ǰĶġ
ʶ֪Щ˵뷨(qng)ܵȻûдĵ(qng)һ
ҩѡ޿Σִżָʦ£Ÿ߸Ь˽
żɽ˵ҩѡ޿οˣһΪ
Ͼ֪ʶܷʮ֣ԾǵնˣһСʱʱ䡣
ϢСʱеڶʵ((co)co)ˣͬһСʱܷʮ
ּܷһ٣ʮǺϸ񡣴ﵽͬѧ¼ѧϰʮֵģ½ڿξͲˡ
ʦڽѧбȽϽڷˮ(qng)
ͽ֮ĶԼ˵ˣҲҩϵʦΨһһλϣźĵʦ
ҩϵһ()츳⣬ۺʵ֪ʶȽʵ
һҩʦĳɼѧԺ꼶ҩϵѧǲġ
Ҳҩϵʦǵĳ(i)ǳĶ
δģҩϵʦκΪӮˡ
ͻȻˣŪ˰ûŪãԵʮӣд~~~
()

534.534 ˲е

534 ˲е
ʦºʦͬȻ׵ҩɼȷʵȴôԽϲ
Ҳ˶̬ȶǵġ
ηƽϿε(qng)֪ʶȽ׸ʵ
ҩϵ츳ܺãԳ׺ܶࡣ
ֻ˿ϧǣ䵽dûóƷʵҩ
Ȼܿϧʦȴľж
꿼ݺٷϻѧȫնˣеһĿԡ
һʱնˣ㿪Уҩϵˣʼ⡣
׿һ۵˹Լš
ߣҪŮ㻹ôӮˡ
ȭͷһҪҩϽ볾()ӰҲ
Ǹ߿ƼʱȻִһҪʦ࿼
ͳһն˿ˣϵͳԶκйؾܲ鵽ݣҲ޷
ȻҲû͵鵽˵ľӺʹ𰸣û׵ĿܣҲʵɼ
ҲϴȫУһֻ˵Ұ⿼ףû˵۵һס
ϵݶ˵ܼ򵥣һСʱȫύ
ϵͳԶܿͳˣҷѧУĹϡ
ѧȲѯɼڿ˿ʼʮҷӣǾͿ˹ˢһϢ
ҩѡ޿Ͼۣϣɼʮ
ڵſϷѧǶһ
ʮ֣ǲ֣
ֻ֣ʮӾɣۿԶôţ
˵ҩϵֻۣ漰鱾֪ʶҪ˵ҩ÷((co)co)̺ãѶȿɲСȻ֣ҷˣ
ǰҩѧۿˣҩϵѧûпأƼ¼ˡ
Ƿ׷Ůˣô
ǰѹַôϲҲϲ
¥أϲŮˣſô
ȿȣȥͷˣҾݼ£û壬лл
֪׻᲻ῼ֣ɼû
ҩϵĵһΪ˶ҩʦ֣ܿҲ϶ܡ
Ҳýֻ֣ٶȱ㡣
ںܶ۽׻ʱУϵͳܿˢ˵ڶϢ
ҩѡ޿εһ׿ϣɼʮķ
˶ˣ׾ûĸߡ
ղ̸ŵ˲еۡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~ҳȥ꣬׷ĵˢ~~
()

535.535 ԭǰ

535 ԭ(i)(qng)
ҪǻƽɼǷǳˡ
ҩѧۿʮֵĶڰμ⣬ɶԱʮ֣˾òˡ
ײ֣˵ϵ֪ʶûʵ
һΪҲῼ֣û뵽ôࡣ
ۿţģӲıȽ϶ɡ
Ӳһ֣ܲܿվ˵ۡ
ǣӲ֣ܿǵڶѧԺҩѧۿҲûгֹ֣ǵһ֡
ɷۿȷʵţʵ((co)co)˾Ͳһˣⷽ潭Ӧøơ
ԣʵ((co)co)ʮ**ܽѾǶҩʦˡ
Ҫǣ䵽d޷óҩ췽ˣ
ҷҪʱָҩ˵óҩ
˲(yn)ʹκ︨ҩȣ㲻֪ʵ((co)co)Ҫˡ
ϧˣ
һУ(r)ۣȫ˶Ϊʵ((co)co)ס
ʦҲǲ뷨ƲѾʧܡ
̽׵ĳɼˢº󣬺ܿһϢˢ¡
apltҩѡ޿εһ忼ϣɼʮapgt
ò˴۾ʮ֣ǶҩûȤġ
ȻҲôߵĳɼѵҩۿĿȽϼ򵥣
ûǸܣûҩѧ츳ģĸס
Ļǲ½᲻вʮϵķ֣
ûܣ
ֱܿˡ
˵ĳɼ½ˢ˳˷⣬ûһ˿ʮ֡
˵ʮʮֵ˶࣬˶ڶʮ֣мֵġ
ֵˣʵ((co)co)˾㿼֣Ҳ϶ҩѡ޿Եˡ
ϯ֮һɼ̾˿ʵ((co)co)ֱѡ
ۿ˶ʮŷ֣Ҫʵ((co)co)ʮһ֣Ҳϸˡ
ûҩ츳Ҳòҩͬѡ
ԭǿ̫򵥣ǷҲһţ
˵ҩѧĿΣο϶ͻϰˡ
ҩѡ޿ΣΪȻԼʧܱȰˣȻô
ԭ(i)(qng)
һ˿ʼ¥ҩˣֱչ˷(i)ͻ߷ֵȵȡ
()

536.536 æһ

536 æһ
ȰСʱ󣬴ȥʵʱѾнһˣֱӷ˼ˡ
ҩѡ޿ο˱ѧô߶ȹע֮ͽ׵ĶԼУǱֱӹʵҵļأҲ˹̽Уֱ
Ϸ绰ùðæģ˽ҲͲڮ˵ʲôˡ
УϹֱȥҩѧѡ޿ʵ((co)co)ˣȫУųϵѧ׷׵˽ȥ
ҪֻһĿˣȻûôȤ
ʵǵ۶ˣΪ¼ͷʢͽ׵ĶԼڽ绹ûпǰͱ˷˳ȥ
˵ǵڶѧԺѧϿʼ̳Ѿ˽´⴫۶˺֪ܿ£ԺܿٶȾϯ
û취ʵ̫ˡ
׵ıҲ˳Ȼֻǽҷ֧ãȴܵýĿء
һ˵ıϣԭ׻ǽλҩʦյѧһҩʦˡ
ϢҲڵһʱõ˽ϵȷϣʾһ򵥵ĿˣԼѧ
ϵȻǽ׼䱳Ŷ((co)co)ģĿľҪƵϣȻѹȥ
ͷ֪ȴûгһѣһ³ø
ڶѧԺ˶ѧֵӣºҲ˹ʤĶľ֡
ѧԺֱʽ˵Ḷ́ҲѧԺܶ˵Ĺע
ǿ˵ֱŸճѧתվʲǣԽԽ˽ת䡣
ڶѧԺҩʵҡ
ţμӿ˵ѧߵԼλϡ
ʦ²Ÿ߸Ьɨɨʣµˣ¶֮ɫ
ŶЩ(r)ͲˣʣµĶѧҩġ
ԭɫ΢º˼֣Ӻʼʵ((co)co)ˣȼϵҩĺԲԣûĻͿԿʼ
εʵ((co)co)˺ܼ򵥣һܹ˵ҩɣֹֻѪֹ۶С
ѡ޿βûпãкܶʵ((co)co)ƿصĲǶãҲҪһҪóеȼҩҲֻҪóҩϵͳЧͻ֡
ı׼صЧǵȼ
漴һתȻҪóеȼҩϣȫӣɼ϶Ҳúܶࡣ
Ҫõȼҩȱҩĵģںұ
15~~
()

537.537 ˭˭

537 ˭˭
ҩû£ֿ˿ѧУ׼ҩġ
Ʒֲ٣óҩҩģȻΪ˽׼ġ
ҪӮףֻóƷʴȸߵҩɡ
ȻҪߵһѣҲ׼̫ˡ
Ϻͽںƶ״öҩʧȥ
ôܲԷһϲأ
()ٶȽܶ࣬ٵֶҲܶϡ
׿()еԱз㡢лүӵ˵ɽҲټɵ׺˺ˡ
ֱӶϾͶϰɣ˭˭
ͬʱҲڼ顣
öƷҩҩʱ()¶˿Цݡ
ͷͶȥһƵ񣬿ڵҪöҩҪӮңǵҩС
üǿֻҩˣ
ƤЦ()ЦİǾ͵ſóҩ
ǿġ׹
һҭٺ˵Ů˾ơ
ôõóҩˣ
ڿֱˣȻҲ˵ĶԻ
ϲķ˿ʼ
()Сʲô˼𣿡
ҪģȻ뼤ȥҩҪǾûе䣬Ų
ƣûȡ
˵֮ǰѧУ()Σˮء
Ҳ̫˰ɣһڣ
ǰԼҩ츳УְǸʦʦ۸бºȵ١⿡䶷
ǸʦҪ޸أѧ۸ҵƷҲǹģѹԺȢ
о䲻ԣûɣ
ͷʢϲ˺ܶ࣬˿ҲǿһԽᣬŶԽҲˡ
ܸߣΪԵ()ݣҲ񼶱𣬷˿ȺӴˡ
Ҷһµ뷨ҪңǾҰҪ֦ͷˣǺõģϧʵ֣
ûжٷ˿ȴһˮ
䣬ûǸҩҺͽ״ģûǵˣ˾Ȼ˼վߡ
ǰһdˣͱȥҩѧˣ浱ĳЩ˵ĳͿΪ()Ϊ
()

538.538 Ȼһ

538 Ȼһ
ҩЦİɣ
ôױνҲǴİɡ
˭˼һȽţ׷أ汾ûУ㳴
ǰ϶ǹź(r)ѣҲˡ
׿϶ӮˣûĽʲôóġ
׿϶ѹǺģзӳҲһĽ
Ǻܿͺķ˿
һЩ
Ķ繫˾ʱָҩǿҪϵͳûǰҩ俼˵ѧ˵ƽ
ǲ(yn)ʹκθģػο˵Ĺƽ()ϾڶѧԺУĳĹùá
ǿҪǰ飡
һģȻǽױŶӡ
ϵƻȻϣΪʲôⱻҡ
Ȼ֮ǰõκϢҩΪԷһһ
ֻҪûǰûָҩǾаսװٷ֮ٵӮ
һģҲвΧ۳Թϵ˳ŽҪƽ
ڶѧԺߵĸ߲㣬ЩΪ˱֤˵Ĺƽ()ʦ´˵绰רһ̨ȥ
ʦ¹Ҷϵ绰ɫЩ̫
ףһ˱Ūô(qng)ѹһ()խϲ̫ϲˡ
ֻü⣬Ϊ˱֤ƽûзԡ
˿ڵѧУΪ˱֤ƽ()ڿʼҩǰΪǼ£û˭˸ҩ(qng)ôֱȡʸ񡣡
һ䣬ڳ޵ĳȥ
ɵӶ֪϶ǳģǵҩˮƽϧȴûǸܹŪҩ
һ֪ŶģҲܱ֤ӮеĵЦŨŨ
ɫ䣬ɱŵЦݡ
ԷȻһУû˹
Ȼֻڳÿ˶ˡ
ǲμӿ˵ѧûκθҩ׵(qng)
ļҲֱģκ׻߰(qng)
ķ˿˿ͬʱʼ֮ǰüЩˡ
Ⱥˮͼ߼
崽һĻȣźأ
16~
()

539.539 ô

539 ô
ʦҪ˿ʼǰ˾֡
£ʦߵǰʡ
صʦһҪζҩģҪ£
ʦЩ⣬ʲôҩģ
ܿͽֱ֡
ʦ¾ȲѣֹѪҩϣҪã
ͷҩ
ΪӮףʦ΢΢ü
ҩעĹߡ
΢ЦŻصֻ뷢ʵˮƽһҩˡ
δָ()ʱ򣬽ʱָҩȷʵܹóҩ
ļҩûгԹҲûҪԣ̫ߵˡ
⻰ʦµüͷɿдżЦݣУھøҩġ
ܲصľ͹ˣҲ͡
ǲǺԼ۾жϡ
ǷϢ˽ҩ
ʱ͵ˢ˺ܶ
ҩҪҩ
ûзʱָҩ֪ôóҩ
ʱָ˾ҪóҩҲװɣ
͵ҩʦֻ۹Ҳûа
ˣ˽׵ļ
ôеʧ
ҾòһҪΪǿţʵֻҪóʵˮƽͨ˾͹ˡǿţҿеܺʧ
עҪʧܣ˵ΪҩȼߣӰ˷ء
Ĳٷ˿ѡ˳ĬΪ治֪Ҫ˵ʲô
ȥЩ˵Ӳŵĺڷۣ
Լòҩô
󲿷ѡ˳ĬҲ(i)۵ģܲ˾;ǵŮ϶Ӯ
ҲˮԲС
ӵ׼ʱһʦ¾ôҿʼ
ҩרעҲ뵽״̬
ֱĹУҵĿⶼͽ()ϵġ
رֻ˿ڷˮҲڶ
ϣϿһʧ󣬻((co)co)Ǻôһࡣ
ȻҪʧˣһʼĺܺãóַ
ֻĿĪһָרҵĸо
ʦµҲҩרעԼ磬ϣû˵
״ַ̬ʤ˽һ̲סһڴС
()

540.540 ڻЦó

540 ڻЦó
ụ̀ûκʧ
źܿõһں֮ǰҩʹ֮()ҩЧڡ
һҲѵģֻҪе΢һ˿ԣ򽫻ȫ
ҪǣһҪʹbϵȼľҩҺںϡ
bµľ޷άڣҲԼߵȼҩԾĵȼҪҲϸߣҩʦŻô١
ҪһˣֻʦĿ()ϣֱ˶
һҪ޷ɹôǰٺҲǰ״
ҩҺһȻþֱȥ
ҲʹüֲͬɫҩҺһں
ʦȸܵͷŵľ¶˾ֹȻ˵ı(qng)
оһɺǿľaǿˣǾֻs
ͷųľܹs˾ǿĸо
ʹþںҩĻ˸ܲľǿȡ
Ǻܶ˶Ϊǿţˮû
dľںҩȻ棡
ܿҪˣ׿ˣ
ǰĺܺãԽԽоװ
ǰװװȥǲҪʧܣαأ
˵ɹأ
¥((Ʊ))ôܳɹdںһҩǿ
ܳɹҾͳ磡
Щ̸ҪʧʱͻȻһ۴״
¥Ͽ׼ȥˣóˣȻҲò˼飬Ǳ𾪵
⻰һæſ۵ˣֱȥ
ֻһúõҩɫȥȽ
ЩˮȴŹκһĻᡣ
óɲҩõȼء
ʵңֻҩǵһɵģʦҲȲ߹ȥ
ȥϵͳ
ЦŽҩָã
ʦ½ӹҩԷŵרżҩȼƷʵϡ
һ((co)co)ڵǼȽļǣδֹ󣬼ĳɹʴﵽ˰ٷ֮٣ھõҩ⣡
ڳѧҲ̲ס׷ͣеĶ̧ͷ
ܿ죬ʼ⣬Ӻһʾ
ҩٷ֮ʮŵľȣ
ڳѧǣһɴ۾¶ŵĻǰҲһ
ôܣҵ
ֱķЦЦζ˵ղ˵ˣҵľ()Ѿָ
ĳЩעҪʧˣǱQôҲĴǵ£ԾǸ˻ᡣ
һתЦżҾһ䣬ڻЦó𣿡
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

541.541 ΪʲôͶ

541 ΪʲôͶ
⻰һڿֱ˶ɵˡ
ʲô((co)co)
̫˧ˣǻЦó
ţ()ʾȻָˣҺЩ۲ۣ
϶ۣҾǲЦۡ
̫Ƥˣϲ
ǰǸԹϵģҾתˣ
䣬ѹַͰعӶϲô˭ϲ
ûз֣ղȺQĻϨһɿ϶ˮ
ΪЦĻǰء
ⲻŵǰˮڹǸʱûìܣμ˶ԼҪǲˮӣǻҪķ𣿡
˺ˣֵʱˣ
ֵʱˣ
ķ˿Լѣ׷׿ʼЩˮҪ࣬ȴܿͱˢȥˡ
ױĽϵ˿ֱݣԭŵЦݽ˽Цˣ˻òᡣ
ͻȻָ()ʣҲǴֲ֮ļƻȫˡ
죬Ӱͳ뿪ϵһʱ䷴Ӧ˹
һ()ʺ;䵽dжˡ
ڼȻѾָֻܴѾͷѾⶾӰӦñ¶ˡ
()ߵѸжҪӰ뿪
ڶѧԺʵҡ
ڳ˵ѧҲĻ˾漴һȻ
ԭָˣѹóҩҲˣûѧҩء
ѾúõĶҩ֮ǰĵЦѾ()棬лŲŵɫ
˶ŵ侫ôܾͻָˣ
׵ı(qng)ϲʡ
Һ֣Ϊʲô׶ôӣѵǼò츳
Ҳܺ棬ôͶأ
Ϊʲôܸоʲôŵܣôˣ
ڴʱߵǰЦЦʣͬѧǲΪʲôָܻôָܻ
׻񣬳ʣôָܻǲǰʱָҩף
⻰ʦºͱĵʦ˺
ͬѧԼи𡣡
̨Ǵ˾ģԲ׵(qng)ͬѧûзҩҼȷģҪƾպҲ²⣬Ȩ̰ĵʦ֣µ˵
ͻȻͣ絢£ֻ(r)~~
()

542.542 ĸ׶ϣ

542 ĸ׶ϣ
ʦҲܲãǿȫû˽
ͬѧ˾ˣҪ䶼䲻ҩϵĳɾͣҲǾҪֹˡ
ô˵һףҲ֪Լ嶯ˡ
ζӳ£ǲԼôܣ
Ҳ֮ʦµĻ̲ס
״֪ɹˣȴ׼Źˡ
ܽȫ壬ҪһҲˡ
ͬѧǲǺܺ棬Ϊʲô˶Ȼָܻ()ʣĿŽס
˴£()˽ڳ˶ܿı⡣
㣬˵ʲôҲ֪׺ܿ췴Ӧ˺һʧڷϡ
ڳ˺ڿֱˣʱըըˡ
жˣ񻹺ͽйء
⵽ô£
Ц㲻֪ûϵֻҪĸӰ֪ͳɣ
׵ͫٴɴ۾ô֪ģ
ܣ
Ӱĸף㲻Ҫڮңȥ̰׵(qng)ֱܴӶ˳
üףΪӰĸˣ()ݵ(())˵㣬ĸ׶𣿡
ĸ¹ҩıʼǡҩ䷽ҩģҸ˱ļ̰ʣµԴʯӰȫ͵ȥˡ
߹ȥ((Ʊ))ż()ݵ(())ӿǲģȻĸ׶ϵĵز
Ȼ(qng)ȫˣ۴˻𣬡ûĸףҵĸײŲǸ(())ūͣŲǣ
⼤ֿҪӣֻҪ̲ͣ۾ϹˣԿó⡣
Ǳȵʹˡ
ӿռóһļǰ֣ΪʲôˣҰ޵ҩ()Ϻҡ
ѧԺ˺üαԸңˮңֻ֮һ¥㡣
ȴû뵽㾹ȻĸūӰĶӡ
¶ʹ֮ɫĸһֱӰǼˣȥ󻹰úչң˭뵽ȴһֻİǡ
ǰôҸֽڲҽӴѧϰҩˡ
һֱһļҴ˽ˣ
ĸ׺͸ҵĶȫ͵㣬ǾȻĸӹϵҲ鵽󶼾ˣ
15~~
()

543

543 ѹһ
ϵĳʹ֮ɫŨ
޷ԭµǣȻ¶
ҵľ()ʵ䵽dҪǲµΪ޷ȥ
ĸ׼ûһԲӰ(qng)˵ˣûй˵()ݣȻôңһɶΪ㡣
ɫŽһ̲ס˺󣬡ôණ㲻㣬ȻʱʱҪң㻹𣿡
㱳Ǹĸ˽ͨĸףôģôʲôĿģʣһ˿˿ʶͷųõ()ϡ
۾ͨ죬û˭ָʹһжӰԼģûϵҸҲûϵҲ֪Ҳ֪
⻰Ҳֱӳ˵ĻȫʵģӰʲô
ķûκȣ̲סɽ׺νĸף浽׳䵱һʲôĽɫ
ҡͷһģ㲻Ҫ˵ˣҪ˵ˣûֵ(())ĸףûУûУ
ĸ׵(())()ݣԶ޷Ϊ֪()һֱѹĵʹ¶Ҳѹһݡ
˻еļвûϵӰӼһҲṫϵġ
Ӱĸǩ()ˣֻҪǹż˶֪κδ˵ȨҲǱɳϵġ
Ҽ˵ĶӣչżĹأҲĸҵˡûʸϿˣһõڶѧԺֱӿ㡣
֮ǰһУҲķɳϣ׷ķΡ
ĸӰ()ΪҼҵˣ˵ȶŵ(qng)һԹżĹ
еļȷʵӰͽ׵ӼӰͷϴλļҾռˡ
׵ͷ򵥣õġ
Ӽ˳вϣѲˡ
ҲΪӰҵˣȡ˻ӼΥ
ò̾żĸ߲Ȼȼ֮ŪūԼһ˱ѣԶȻɶǳϵġ
ȫĻҲˣҲˡ
ʹҲΪʲôȲ()ʲϱȻȥֵԭ
()

544.544 һ˵

544 һ˵
ϵ֮ɫŨʶõ˼֡
һҼ˺Ͳ֪ĸҰҰ֣ʲôʸֱˣҪ(i)һ㼸֣Ͼѡġ
ȴһǸ(())ĸ͵Ķһ()ݵ΢Զ˵ҸӻȺĺ޳ܣ
ױѾڿҪױıԵĵ()ʶӰ죬˻ѿڶ
ΪʲôҪڣƾʲôӣܵõҽУƾʲôǸĸ׶˫ͨ죬˿Щ¡
ȴץסص㣬Һĸ׶ô˵ĸ׵Ҳйأ
һ㶣ɫɵŷ񣬸׼˵նͻȻ
һϢҪĵ
ϢѻָһЩǣӲ˵ûе£
ĶüôǸҰϢˣĸ׵ǲ򵥣һġ
һֱĬķҲڵһὫ³鵽ףŹκһȺҩʦ֡
ڴʱԭֱƵͻȻжϣѧԺس⡣
ֱǰ˿Ļһڣʾϵͳжϣ˲Բ˺ܶ()ıۡ
ҿԭ()ʵ¶ģѲⰡ
ֱȻôĹϣǸ˺Ķӣĵˣ
û뵽(qng)츳Ǳ˺ģ̫޳ˣ
һĸôôأȻ͵ôණ̫ˣ
ǰƾʲôҽбĸģ˭ʸ?һ˵Ķʲôʸǣ
˼͵ôණȻұĸӵ޳ܹٴˢ˼¼
ʶʲô޳ܶĵ߾磬͵˼ҵĶ˼ңȻƾʲô
˾ȫ綼ǷȫⲻǵԻ·ǾͲôڡ
ֻĸ׵⣬ҲӦúĸйء
ʧһҩʦĸӵĶмֱ˷ָ
ǰĸʦоҩܶܲסˣԼһЩdc֮()ʵˣ˲СĹס
û뵽ԭ⣬Ǳıġ
Ҫزų飬Լȥʦһ˵
ܿ죬·һƬԽĸӵ֣ǳߡ
()

545.545 ѧ

545 ѧ
ҲϵǴ𣬺ܿ˳½ࡣ
˵ǸҰ˭Һܺ棬ʲô
ܹʦ˹һҹҰ֣ҲǺ񣬶ҿ϶ŲΪ֪()ı
Ȼһֱ񶨣ģҰ϶׵ġ
صĺǺǿйذɣϾȺ˶й׵ʦ
ҪĻǿ£
ǽҵãȻĸӰǸ(())ˣǽǲ֪ĸ˭أ
᲻Ǹףʵ˺Ӱµ˽ӣ
ҿ϶֪һЩǱ()ӰȾףٲ޹ġ
˵λʦһλܿؽãһλѧҾ֪֪챻(qng)𣿡
ͻȻòƽϴʦĸʦǺѰɣȻпֵܺĶѧ᲻ʲôɸ˵è壿
()ıۣôоλʦ˵ǸĻʲôġǰʦڵʱҩûʲô(qng)ʱԭ۱ѵ(qng)ɲ١
ͬ¥ϣҲ̲ס()ıˣʵɺ̫ˣ޷ϵ
УΪʲôͷ˵ֱͻȻˣ˲뽭(qng)ʱʧȥ˵˵ĻºԲ򵥡
ԶԣĸӺ϶֣ȻڶѧԺֱغڳѵΪҾͲᷢ()ı𣿡
ĺڿǣϿϱϣ̫ˣԣ
ԶԣжԶĸӱ˻ڳ˵һľͲʦˣǻΣ
ܿҾתעǴĸ⣬ǱˣرǶԽ׵ĸ˭ܸȤ
ҹ˾Ĺٷ΢˲䱻ݣŹɼ۱
ϵ΢Ҳͬݣвȥġ
ΪȽϳҶҵŮȥ΢˺ܶ࣬Ҳûжģʵȴ١
ȻǷֱʣԴϴ³˺һҲ
Ȼ׺ЩϲһУΪʲôܷأ
ƻã׼ѧõģҲǽȥùðæֱһҪԭ
()

546.546 ⲨĻã

546 ⲨĻã
ֻӰͽ׵ӼԼӰ¶֤ݡ
̫ˣ˵һ¥Ǳ߲鵽Ӱ׵Ĺϵ⣬ȴûҵ֤ݡ
()ݻȽ⣬û֤Ȼ޷ǶԸӰͽһֱӱ
Ȼôϲ()ˮˣھöԷζ
ûڳǽ׸׵()ݣҲ취¶ġ
ţӰʱȥλԼ(qng)϶ᱻڳȸñ˵
ѧУߵʵңֱһϣȴ˽
ףǻɱˡ籩˵ȣǻȥ飡һսװͳ֤˵
׼״ĵһ뷨군ˣܵɵƲãǰ;ȫԳʵſڳȥҪܡ
ĿɶǵһսŵľӢҪ˻ô졣
ܿ콫Ʒס
λʦˣǾʹˣ˻òĶʦ˵
ʦҲû뵽׺ĸ׾Ȼôĵ(qng)ͷã鷳ˣ
Խ׸Уܰæ
Ƚױߺʦ¿˵ˣӳʮӡ˿뿪ˣɼУϹ
ǣʦղſôõϷǿɻڿأûɵķ׷׼ɵȥ⡣
彫Լóûеȼҩȥͺһ߳ʵҡ
˶һۣͬʱЦЦͻᣬ뿪
ʱѾˣĸ߲Ҳˡ
ֱͨϲСϵҩʦһþͿܻ𷴵
Ǹ߲һᣬ˵С飬ר¿չ顣
ȻзԵƶ˽ºϱģǷҾԲܷŹˡ
ܺͷҲ֣Ҫ͵ɳӰֳץסֱýع⡣
ҲʼûץӰһֱмӣȵ˿ͳŲȡжԭ
ӰǱͷ(r)ѣһѺͻص۶Ƭ
ΪҲֱ֤ȫģҪηǱӡ
ϴһࡣ
ӰΪʲôڵһʱηǱӣ˵()ôѸ𣿱˭֧·أηǱǲҪĳЩˣ
һϵ˼ⱻ˳Ҳ̽ǱʣʼӰĸӡ
һֱڹעЩ̲ס˹˵ⲨĻã
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

547.547 һ

547 һ
ͷֱϣýױ˴ֲеļƻȫҡ
ӰץûԤϵģֲֻܾɵӰ졣
ڶѧԺܿҩʵ((co)co)Ŀ˳ɼ͹ˡ
޿ɺǵٴһʮ֣һʵ顣
޷þĸ£ǻһЩûеȼҩ
óһֹѪҩЧ˵ʮŷ֡
ѧѾǸߵˣҲõ˼ҩѡ޿εʸ
ܷõڶѧԺѧϹ۾
̫ţˣÿζõһԶ֣׵ľѧ񣡡
ǰԷ˭ֻ
Ƿ۹⣬Ưֵ츳ҲָˣǸѧӮҰ
ĽУѧžζ
ĽףУѧһ𣡡
һ𣡡һƬˢ
ʱ극ɳˢնˡ
ˢЩ̧ۣͷЦ˵Ƕһأ
ͷնˣֲǵһãʲôüġ
()Ӵ˹ȥҼΪҲİ
ģһɣòã()ֺͺܴ()ȥر()С
̧ͷŷ壬ֻһо(qng)ڴһЩţЦĿҲֽУ˵Żں¡
첻µزµķܾ
ķһ¾˼֡
Цһã
ɴ۾ŵ˵ã
ǰüôֲһˣ
(ƨp)Ҷˣ忡Ⱦһе˷ܹʣ̲סץĸ첲ٴȷӦһˣ
ЦĿӦˣĺܴ
ȻҲϲǾ԰ɣžԵý(qng)ˡ
ӦˣЦ̲סһ̫ϲˡ
ʹŮˣ̧̧°͡
Сʣģ뱧㣬𣿡
ҪһʱǵĿ(i)Ҳĵİɡ
һۣǹɵ
ŵͷŪնˣһ£漴˷ܺеĺߣ첲һ½Ȧڻ
㲻ԣҾͱˣڱϱˣޣ
ԭдһЩ(qng)ͻȻһԾɾдأҲ()~~
()

548.548 

548 
Ȧڻ()¶ȣһִδйలȫС
ְȫк͸ȫͬ
ȫ()ɵĿ
ıģô׷㣿Ҿ
㣡ûĵ
Цͷϣˣ
ģҷһǲ£òãԼϱˡ
ǰԳķͷûȤڸŷļڴҲ㣡
Ȼҵıˣ˲Ĳôôϲ
ƺ£ĸ첲һѣ()飡
Ҿϲ()㣬ġ(i)ġСĸΡļ⣡岻Ҫ治ҪϿ(i)֮˵ĳƺһ顣
͵͵˺öģܺˡ
ü۴Цһţȥǲ
һ(qng)̵͵ʱľ񣬿֮(qng)()ֱһʰ
ٺ٣ԣҵøϿһֻ֣ʮָһȻһƬ
ԥĵ½ǲ
壺һˣ
壺ģϲÿ춼һ㣬ôϲô죿
滹ʮָƬ
ҲˢǲעѸʾ󣬵㿪˿
Ҳת˷巢Ƭ
һˣ
ַһӦڶǲ

ԭϻΪ(qng)ֵ÷з˵Ĺǲһ˾˾־Ȼ
һݰ
ˣ𣡡
һˣⲨԵҺ㣡
㣡һɨƣҸ
׻ôôϲ(ɧɧ)
(i)׵ģ
ͻȻõըķ(i)ôƣ
Ҳôãǲ()(i)ء
()ǿ
()ϲôôС()
ҵС()
ǹ()ֵӵУ
ˣôô𣿡
ϲһԣ⹷ҳˣ
콫С()ǣȥȻ̲ס
С()ǹҷֻ
ϲϲ
ֻ˳Թǣǹϲˣϲ
ϲ
15~~
()

549.549 Ц

549 Ц
һʱ(r)ѣҲһ
һϲף
үӺ̫̫Ϊףȷǲ
ս˧ϱҪˣˣӭϱ
ϱҪˣģӭǵĴͥ
ӣϲҼ˹飬ӭϱ
ܣϲҼԸԳӭϱ
ȣϲҼϱˣӭϱ
ҵˣҲ׷ǲϵޣԹϲӭ
һ((co)co)ּˡ
ĺ(i)
ȫжΪȢϱĽ࣡
Ϊ((co)co)ģ
治ףЦˣ
үү()()----Ҫϱؼˣ
ְ֡---Ҽװ
¥˲ţΪʲô̲סôЦأ
Ѿˣлл
(i)𣡡
ò˵̫(i)ˣҲʾ˷ҶļӭϿɣǵ۶δм(qng)
ԷţǺųŮӼ޽ȥҲڸ߼ޣ˵ûʲô
˵ͬܳķȢͬˣҲȻһ߸ϵģǼҾǸˣԺͺúõӰɡ
ȴȻͬһ˶ܿĺżռֱ࣬Ҳջһ
۶ؼҡ
ǰؼһ˾ۻʱ䣬ʹһںȲ裬Ϳ½ˢµǲ
үӿն˳ɫẓַ̇ͷԽԽȥˣȢһϱţô𣿡
֪ĻΪҪȢʲô޽ţƸûбҪ
۶ŵķҪͷܻˣźߺһ
˹ͷСͣλүҲһ
ؼҺͷҸǾ֣˽¿û
μظʧЦֻүӣԶź֣һѾ
()ΪԺ͸ףӾԽ()ݡ
ĸ˿ڲ裬ɨɨɫ()ĶӣҲǲþ
ǼûȢôûб(qng)߯ĽҾŮ˽ţǶҲֻзҲŻϡ
ض˵ҶԷ̫ˣ(qng)ŹţҲ֪ôġ
ҪֻǸһ޳ɵҲͰˣǿǵڶսŵļ̳˰
()

550.550 òԩ

550 òԩ
ضãҪǻӣǲϹһŮôĸֱף׷ͷһ޲öȫǵôȲɡ
ֱǶŮ(qng)Ҫá
Ҫ۶ĶţӺͶӵľԷǷĪ
ҲСʲô(qng)()š
˹ζ˵˹֮ǰ(qng)ҲȱٿҪ˼ɲѧһ()
ĸͰضĻõ˰ؼ˵Ͽɣ˶Žû˵һ仰İ˹ȥ
ôңҲڵףҲϲġ
˹̧ͷŰؼˣҲΪô⣬Ҳһԭɡ
ӭϳͬȥΪΣһֱ޲ԼҴδиɹΪؼҼ̳ˣΪ۶Ĺӡ
ɶԱͻȻԼۡ
Դǲܣ˷ͷ󣬰ؼҵ˼ҪǼⰲοҪǾˡ
һүүΪôӦ˿ضŮ˽(qng)
𣿿ϲǸŮ˸ůǴСûйġ
쿴˷ǲͻȻԼĲԩ
ܹǲѾǺܳǷǰ⡣
ļ˸ǷһΪ֮ǰֳϿ֣ȴƲı()ݡ
ҪǼؼңˣҫ
ż˶Էҵķ񶨣ķ񶨣ԼԼķϣĺܣһֱܶĿһֻɡ
ͬǶţͬսż̳ˣͬ츳ʵڣΪʲôͷô
¶һĨԳĻȣǷһȫʧ޷ãڶսż̳˵λãѾﻹܻô⡣
ѹѡ˷ܾԼ׿()أҲǷļӷ
飡үӽеĲ豭ڵϣżŭĿ˹𣬡ôΪģ
˹һӲĵͷǣ
ܸʲôȢŶʲô
˵ѾļңսţļҵС㣬()Ҳûʸǰؼҡ
үŭʤϴ()ǲףҲúƽϣǰؼȷʵһҪ̣һǸϣȢŵԵŮˡ
()

551.551 û

551 û
үӶѡܾԼӣϲ˵ԹǺܴġ
Ʋ()ݣȢͰﲻӣȥӦ˵ᱻЦ
ôߵıףҪǲɾЩˡ
֮ǰ׼ͬһ𣬾̸(i)ֺٽؼҵţֲþȢ
ȴû뵽Ǹܾ治ʶ̧٣
Ů(qng)ȵڶսŽս˧λʵܴʲô
ǲҪ̼壬ҪȢŵԵŮȴܽҲǿɼġ
㻹ΪԼûд𣿡ޱȵʡ
˹˫ֽգĵ׵һ͵ִ̧ͷӭүĿ⣬ЩɬĻصǣҲд
Ұ˹ҪȢŵԵŮԼҾϲΪŮ(qng)ͼ̳սгͻִֵ˵
ûдһֱԼ˵
žүӻû˵ظͻȻվ˰˹һ⣬ˣҿǱǸŮġ
ǸǸֻ÷ƽŮ˲мһ˵СħһΧתӶԵת̫ɶˣ
˹һα򣬻ǱﲻϿɵĸףһ˳
̧ͷĿŰظһһ˵û
㣡ظһ̲סЩ̣ɵôȴˣ̧
ˣүӣ˰ظһۣȥ
˹ҲĿصӣԼĶӶ֣Ҳﲻ
˹ıҺʧ̾˿
˹()һ漴ͷִŵ˵үүǸһǼԼû
ܻг嶯ʱ򣬿ҪԼ()ݣڶսż̳˵λãڻϸ񡣡
үӼһУ룬ѧһ꣬Ȼȥڶսɡ
ؼҵŮٽһҲȡ̳˵λá
⻰һظȴ̲ס۵¶ϲɫ
үûйˣԤ֮С
ĳؿŰ˹𣬡˹ϣһܿɳ֮㣬Ҫʧˣ
˹ǸΪ̵ˣῴүү˼Ҫ((Ʊ))ϴˡ
ЩϣȻʩѹҪڶսż̳˵λãǾ͵±֣ڶı
̲סʣԼҪ
()

552.552 е˰

552 е˰
˹˱۾һֱ
ǴС(i)мӿصүүôͷүүôأ
ǣҽȥڶսȫ()ɢŵĮϢŨ
ûкת()ֱ̫߳Ƚϴ󣬴̵̲סֵ̧˵
(r)⣬Ҳ޷ɢ()ɢͱ
Ű˹뿪ظòᣬӾ̳˵λöˡ
үӸһʱͻᣬҲЩԭͲĵҸȼˡ
ףҪ˵ͱүӴϡ
˵ˣҲǸ˹һο飬ϣܳΪһϸļ̳ˣҲһ˳۲ɱ⣡
ҲҪ֪ܶʱҪȡᣬϲûõĶ
ү۾԰ظԸӰ첻С˵(ͦͦ)˳ƴ·ҵȥɡ
лǸѾͷý֪һ䡣
ظڶҲǷе˼㣬ǣ
һߣڶѧԺᣬȦڻһˢǲ֪˹ΪǱ̳˵λ÷ˡ
һϿɺףžǺܶϵĹϲף
ǱΪ()ݸ߹ʹ߲㹧ϲ
ôǲ˴һ
ڶսŸͳ˧лϲ
һѧԺУԣϲ
ϲ
½Ʒ壺ҼүӺԼϲ
أϲ
𩣺ϲ
ꪣϲ
Ҷϲ
tϲ
˵ϲ
սϲ
ԾգϲһҪҸ
Щ⣬ȥ˽˹ò͵ͷ̫̫ǣͬѧʦҲ׷ף
ϵһˡ
лүӺ˸᳤ϲҲ֡
үֱò˼飬Ҫ֪ƺõү˲ࡣ
еԾǸ˵͵Լҹϵǳ
ؼ̫̫ؼҼ̳ˡ½Ҽ̳ˡҶҼ̳ˡҼ̳˵ȣһֱӹǲϵ޲ʾף
Щһţɶһ
ҸЩֻϲĹϵͷ()޹ء
Ҳ̫ˣʲôʱʶôһմȨˣе˰
ҿ̫ţˣȻʶôƽô͵
ǲ޼ӹϲǶ֪ԭôţɱЩб()ݵүСǿˡ
ԶԣǲЩԳ޹ϲģһֻ
Щ˵ûбû()ݵˣ(to)Ļ۲ۣ
Ȼһֱڹעǲİؼ˳⣬еۡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

553.553 ̫Ӳᱻ˵˰ɣ

553 ̫Ӳᱻ˵˰ɣ
һ(r)ҲǼš
Ǽų˸ҪšƼȣҲ֡Եȣһַǲžڰ԰顣
ÿ춼ȥˢúͷһźͻȻһҼóɵĸо
ԷӡǱȽϲģóֻСǹ۶ã֮ķΧһˣһǱȻġ
ǵ½ǲ㿪
֮ǰΪȨޣǲġ
ҴϴСϿɻӭã诵⣬ȨƵĶţϺܲס
룬һ绰
ڰ칫϶˼ɫ绰()ºͣ诣
磬ùͷһˣҪ̫Ĺٷǲһף
诺ͺ֮󣬸(qng)ҲѸ£ȫţǴ绰ѯ
ϾʹùٷǲŵĶ岻ͬ
۸ͣɣ۹ѾƿأҵŮ˷һǲѣ˭҆¾
诺ٺһЦ̧ĵķں촽ϣһǣ(i)ģĽ
Ķ˶뽫뻳УֻϧڼңЦζϰɡ
Цָ˹аŶ
žͽƵ绰ˣ̲ס()ȥһˮԼ侲
诵½۹Ĺٷ̫ǲ˺ţǼʡ
۹̫ϲ(i)ˣףԶҸ﹫˭ҪǸ۸㣬Ҿ˭᲻Ӯͷ磡
۹̫ϲ׷ãԺúõ㣬ҪίˣȭͷźȻֱӴ㶮÷򣡷
ʵҲϿ˷÷()ݡ
ǲǷǳ()Ͼǹٷǲ۹Ȩ
Ӳı诰ѻƫˡ
̫ǲһȻ۹ĺܶ˹עٸ߲˲
̫ڸأɲ˽ǲ̫ô˵Ļ
ҪǵĶֻҲˣôȥ˼(i)Сӣв()Ŀ
𰡣
Ǻܶ˶׼绰ը磬úõĹֱܹ̫Ǻ֡
˭֪绰δը˼ԼҲһǲ
۹̫ӣϲ(qng)ճɾҪǸҶ㲻ãʱӭ۹
ǲ۹ĸ߲㶼һ״̬ô̫Ӳᱻ˵˰ɣ
()

554.554 ôˣ

554 ôˣ
ȻܿͽӵԸĵ绰ը
ȴһһǿסˣôˣ诸˾УЩ(ƨp)¡
׼ؼȥҪն
üܿ
һŻʵװߣͶӰǰһ仰ǲ𱸣磬̫ˣ
治ɫλϣЦҲð
ǲ̫ˣδĵɲܸ(qng)¡
ʵ֪ԼӵĹƢŭ˵**ȷʵǿȴ˹Ҳôǵġ
ȥǲΪһĪŮӳвѾֹˣȻҲ֣㻹е̫ӵ𣿡
üȾϼֲͷǺͷ֮ûôӣǶõĹİˣ鷳()ıۡ
Է˶ĳ(i)ֻôǲЩʲôʣĪ
˵ҾϲţǸҲܲŰɣ
żֳĿѾĸףҿɲ񸸻ô(qng)Ȼ޷ָ(qng)ǾͲ⣬ԺҾͳɡ
ϲˣҲŰɡ
ﾡ֮ɫУλֱ̺̫쳤ˣҪٸҶʹֱۣӿצӣҵʱ򲻸ӡ
ʣСʱǳ羴ģԴĸ󱻺֮Էϼ̺֮λǶĸӣҲˣӸ(qng)ĭһһơ
˿Ӵ诣˳Ʋȥʹ˼̺Ǳߵ
̫ʹͱ֮ѵʵ(i)һˣȻ(yn)κƻ
ϻʵ۵̬⣬ȻᣬαҪίԼôô
㣡ϻʵ۱࣬ӣ
ѾǱһˣĵģĵ׾ŭһָӵС
۹ĴȨѾڲ֪бƿأҲܿգӲȡѹƣԭգ˲俴ȥ˼֡
лʿ佱һٽġЦŵ
ģƵͻȻжϣϻʵ۵()ӰҲʧǰ
ˣôƲƲ죬ʰؼұȥ
ϻʵ۶û취Q˵£ȴûôʵֻĿһѶ(i)֡
֧֣请ǲȻһʱͨˣȻǲӣ˲˹עͷڣĸ߲㶼ˡ
ƻĴ绰ҪװˣȥŪ£17-18ҵӼôô~~
()

555.555 ѵ֪

555 ѵ֪
ĸ߲û뵽۹̫ϵѾõֵز
Է۹Ĺٷ̫ǲǾʹʽ
Ҳ⣬Ͼ֮ǰǼֽϾͱԽƣһȥ򣬹ϵǳá
ôû뵽̫磬Ҳף֮иҪ˼
Ѿ۹Ȩ˸߲ϢﲢʲôܣȻǲŻҲ滶ӭȥ۹
߲Ѿ֪ҪԼ(qng)ˣû뵽屳ֻżǿ۹̫Ӻ̫ôӻ
ʵ˵Χ۳ԹϵˣǷ˶⡣
Ƕã()޹أֻΪԼϲ()ҲȽϲ˶ѡ
诵ķŻ˲ûн⡣
˵ˣҪԼʲôʼ߶Բ(qng)Ƕȴȡ
Ҳ׻
찡̫ţ((Ʊ))ˣ
ҷˣ
۹̫Ӻ̫ùٷǲףŻΪ⣬̲סΪ
׽仭ȦȦС()ֻ֮ˣ
룬Ϊʲô̲סЦ˰
û취˭ҵϱ̫Ҳ룬
ΪһǰĿק()һǲֱףҲ÷˿ΧȺڶ׺˼֣ĳƺΪ
ֳһƬĸ߲ԭ÷ҴСˣҲͳͳ졣
ɱȢŮӻöˡ
ѵ֪ˣԲŻôߵϿɻӭ޽ȥ
ЩԽԽӦô£ѹַôߵ(qng)Ȣǿϱš
رǰؼңʱһ𣬰үӵɫ()Ŀ¡
ﶼѣû뵽ǿûŮӣȻôǿҪǰ˹ܹȢؼң϶ȢҵŮǿ
ֻ˸࣬û¶ʲô(qng)ȴֿˡ
ûдӦ˹𣬷ǻô̳˵λã
Ҳû˸ҿڴүùͷղŻһð˹ȢŮӣΪ˷䡣
ڰ˹ϵŮȴôǿ̫ˡ
˵үӼˣǶۡ
˼Ūȥһ˳УˣʣµĻд1930ôô~~
()

556.556 VS÷

556 vs÷
үԽԽܵ
һҵǻˣѹַͷôߵ϶֪ˣ
ǰ֪ǼҲΪ˹ƣ˵ͲѡˣظɫҲãǺ֮ǰĲΪӦֶ֧ӲŶԡ
Ҫ޸ӣԻܴ󣬼̳λҲʱʧȥǱ˷ˡ
ֻڳۺͺڣ˵ʲôûˡ
ȻʲôûʱϿ(qng)ҲܳͣЩô¾ô°ɣԼ֪С
ͷһʱҲ˵ǲ
ڷ廳ЦɣҪǸ۸ңҽͽʹȥ۹
˺ڣȴЩˣĹȻ۹˶ùٷǲŻ
§øյף۸㣬۸һ࣡
һѣǰҵģˣ
ǲǶ˭캰ҹֻˣЦ
ԭǸʱ̾Ѿϲˡ
ʶȤ˵ȥǲػ
ллףҲһҪҸ(i)ı(qng)۹̫
(ͦͦ)õģллҲҽã㶮۹̫
ͬ½ǲӦ
壺ллףҲףҸpsҪ㲻ˣӭʱӣ۹̫
ҷŻȻҲˣ
ô诣Ҫ۸㣬Ϊϱģ϶취˽ӵˣҲƤӽŵ㡣
ȻԲԼСˣ绹ȥ۹Σ
ps׵ľػġ
Ӧ˵ǲֿʼ(r)
ˣ
ģνҲˣ
ɣ
뿴ٴμĳϴξ˵ȽϺгĳ˷β֪ʲô
ôһ˵Ҳڴ
۹սҲսҪǶϴһܣһܾʣ֪˭Ӯ
ҿ϶ѹקСǹ尡
ΪҲҪѹԲˣ
ʷߵĽΪҲ
vs÷ͺôа
ķ˿ǣ˵˵ž¥Ӵýһ诺̲סЦˡ
()

557.557 ζ

557 ζ
ٵ۹ƾҲһֱڹעǼš
ԼұúͷһˣΪ(i)ˣЩɬ
ԼöǵˣǲʡĵĻ
诺緢ǲҲˣԭҲ׼һٷǲϲãΪܳġ
ɻûжյ˽š
βҪǲңΪ󰵲صĵƣԭѾȥ
˽ţƾûǲ
õķͷȷʵ̫ʢŶ֮Ȼȶ˵۹δȫ̳ƿأЩĲعǽ֣һҲá
ҪĵƺͿɽʵʱվЩϹ۾
һǲ˽Ÿ
ǸͲˣϲ(i)óˣҪǷ۸ίȥ۹ǻףٵ۹Ҹ磡
ӻֵõǸǸһǲϲ
ڷ壬ƾӡҪò٣Է()ôǲףóԼõġ
ȽĻз˵̬Ⱥͳ⣬ּ˾ǳˣ۹Ĳ硣
۹Ļʵ۶̫̺붯ֽţ
ȻҪǷҺͷãƾҲὫ쵽ģ˭Ǽʵһǿ
״粻ϲٴǹ磬Ī˺ü硣
˽ţůůģֻиͽԼãǿһ
ģҴõ()ӣ۸ңҾȻҸ磡һ
ܹ֮ǲ˽ϵҲᱻϵͳعݣƾİŪģͨѶ˺ҲǸˡ
˹͸ףҲҺ͸߲㿴ԼҲû˸Сճ겻õŮ
ȻҲǲ׿ԼҲǲĴڣǸ()ק()ӡ
֪(qng)ļȻҲ֪
үӿ˹ͷŶ׾ˣû뵽Ůô
Щںź֪ͺõ㡣
ſͷһ𣬷ҵȫϿɣĺ(qng)ﵽ۷塣
ǿһŵķҰ
û뵽ļҵŮܹ޽ȥܵõү̫̫ԵϿϲζġ
´ηŴа~~~~~
()

558.558 Ӷ

558 Ӷ
ûүӺ꣬нף۹̫Ӻ̫Ϊ
ȫүɵˣŮʲôʱˣ
ôܣȫһŲ˼飡
ܼңЩŶģ̲סԼǲǵ֢ͬڹעĹܼʡ
ܼ²ۣԼүȫǼ֥鶪ϣôʵͷ
ģСͷҵСүһˣкܶȨʾף̫Ӻ̫
үɫû˿ϲɫӶȫˡ
֪Ůôô䵭Ӧú顣
Ҫһļңô˼ɣԴ©һ©ǶļҲǷǳİ
ˣ츳ѾָˣҪû룬sҲļҵҫ
ɬļҵҩ˾һҩ˾ŪþǽͷöӲúܣҲ뿪ˣҪæǲס
ļҴ󷿵Ҳţ˼Ľ⣬ʣµľǺڡ
֪Ͷװõ㣬ңҲܴô
ЩǼʷҪļһã˾ԿԸϼ¥ôµһҩ˾˵ܺһѡ
ȥòģ֮˾ܴ죬󷿵ļסˣȫլүӳȥæ
үҲв뷨ֻȴôȲһֱڵȻᡣ
(r)ˣڶ¿ΣӽҳʱѾڽѧ¥ſڵˡ
߹ȥֱȨһǣס֡
ӰѾѺҴҪ𣿡ʡ
Ѿȷ(i)ϵȻ(qng)˦֣ǣţɡ
е(qng)Ҳ˽¡
ͷȥɡ
ã
˿ѧУñ
ӰѺѶңֱӴȥ
ѾȺ棬϶һº͵Цݣˣ
磡뺰
ףǸɡ
ȥӰûΥ棬˷ɸ˹żһЩȨойżɴūһȨ
磬ʳʲô𣿡һһʡ
ܻصû̫õϢ֮ǰע()ֿǺ;ĥѶҩֻ϶¶ĶӣһŲ˵ͺϡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

559.559 ôõ

559 ôõ(qng)
Ҫ¶Ӽϵ֤ݣӰϡ
üͷҩɲŪŮ˵ıȻ˰æ
ֻע()ֿҩսѶʽ˵ôҲ󡣡
һ(qng)£ֿҩǸʿãû뵽ԷӰҲˣ()вС˵ģҲûжһ䡣
ͷҲ²˲ˡ
磬Կܴܲ˵㶫ŷ˵
˽Ŵ򿪣ãҪǻر𣿡
ûرܣЦЦ
Ŵ򿪣ŷ˽ȥͼӰ㲵һϣ˿ȥʮꡣ
̧ͷʱ۾һ³˹˳ﺰС㣬С㣬ҵ𣿡
̧Ž˹߿˵ӰϷˣǶĵˡ
úҴ(qng)ƣҿɲǰǸˣӸµĿǱӰ⡣
Ӱ⻰()ӽ˽漴˲ϵˮ̧ǺĿǰ׽ˣ
ҪͻȻ¶ӵ(qng)ĸҲôҡ
㽫˭˵Ļ
ȫЦˣҵףҵ·ҵǱңʲôˣҸĸҵĶ͵˲٣ǿ߼
ٻ˭˵رĻȴ̲סˣһ(())澶ѣ()ȨûУȻ˼˵޳ܵĻĸײ˸ǡ
(())ӰŤ¡
ѾˣڵĺأܷŹԼ
ǲʵ˻𣬡ͬˣƾʲôҾҪū澣ĸ׺ӣҲʣҲ
Ҫûĸףڻ϶ˣ˵ǩūͿɶԸԭ£㵱ԼѡǩˣҪΪ𡣡
ӸԲĺڻҺóԺôţ۶֮˴Ҫôõ(qng)
˵ͻȻҡҡͷٺǱ粵Щ˵㱳˵˭
(())澿ӾûһԼ˼˵Ҳá
Ӱվ()ԭλһ¿ˮ̵ģû˭Ҳܸǵġ
Ϊ˵ҾͲ֪Ц׵ǽͲ鵽ˡ
()

560.560 

560 
ӰĻɫͫȴ
˭Ҳʶҡҡͷ
֮ǰСӰԽĸ(qng)Ů˶(i)
ڲ˵ûйϵһ㿪ڵġ
óһƿݸܣ磬鷳˸ιһţ
֮ǰѾ˶ԸӰ׼һΪߵ˿Եĵҩ
ζĽӹƿݸһ£ιԣ
ǣ߹ȥιӰҩȴֱ˽ȥ
ӰҪҩٳȴһڻˣɵЩҵĿҳʲôҩ
ʲôҩһ֪ˣ
һֹӰܵĸ߸֮У(())澣ιһŶҩΣ
㣡Ӱ̬ðȴҲ޿κΡ
ѾˣڵٲǰŴ׺ƭŵ()ӣƾ͹ϵͿ⴦ܵɵĴ
ͻȻһֺ¸Уһ㶼
СҲǱ((Ʊ))ģҲ֪˭ýвң˵µҩֻӰ츳вġ
һĿСǰΪôЩķϣҲû£ԭһκòãԺһú㣬ǲ
Цˣȴˣ
漴ֵָ̧ԭ(qng)ƵӰܿһֱ()ӣ˵һ仰
ƴҪǱͻȻ״̬ȴΪ̲ס¶֡
Ӱ״̬÷ֵܺ㶣ɵڴ
ſӰڣ׵˭
ӰıǱܿ⣬ȴʵ˳
Լ˵ĻӰеľ֮ɫŨôܣ
׸ʲôҩѾͷ̫аˡ
ͽʲôϵʡ
Ӱ˵Ǳ˴(i)ȴҶǸ(())Ů()((Ʊ))ȢҲŻҡ
(i)˻ңҲ(i)ǷɢȽǿ(qng)УҲ³
˵⻰г˾֮⣬һƬңˣ
ҩ̫аţҪԲˡ
ӰǷִżᶨЩȻǸäĿν(i)(qng)ĴҪ(i)㣬ôȢҶǧ𣬻ע()()ҩ
(())()ݣ㻹浱ԼǸأмƲƲ졣
ң18ûеĻҪ22~~죬ҾͲôæˣʱӦþͿȶôô~~
()

561.561 ֶ̾

561 ֶ̾
Ӱ޵ľԼ()ݣһֱҲΪ()ݣ˺ͽ֮޳
ĻݺݵĴʹ޷˵ȴŤ¡
ôʶģʡ
ͨʶġ
ĸ֪𣿡
֪
ҸĸǲǺйأ
йأǵĳ·͸¶õġ
ӰΪߣ־Ҳûкǿһܻ
ҵĸоȫ()ֿ̱Ϊûá
۾ô߻Ҹĸģ
ӰصҲֻ֪͸¶ǵĳ·Ķǽȥ
ΪʲôҪǣ
ΪҵĴУҪõҵĹҽУǻҪǧĵ̡
úǿй𣿡ԭ()ĸǿйء
Ҳ֪Ǵ˵
ļҴ֮й𣿡
˽ϵðˣΪ˴㸸׺()Ū洦
ûʲôƻ𣿡
ҪõҵĴк͵⣬Ҫ޸ԣҪԸ㣬ˣҲʧ
ڵĶǽµ𣿡
ǽõġǳļĸףҲ㣬sľǳܡ
һֱңҲҽӴҩĶԼ뷨ǽõ˼
ĸ󣬽ϾҽϣΪҩʦݻ츳ΪϲģƽųҲǶĸ׵ı
Ȼ()ݣҲԽԽôһҾͬˣ
֪Щ𣿡
ȻҴᣬɽӦöˡ
˼⣬ӰǺȫǳ˽ɫ֮в԰ΣѶҩǱԼע()ġ
ʴḶ́ܵ˺Ǿֶ̾ΣͬʱҲ𾪡
û뵽þϺսޣֱǵ졣
()ݻ⣬()ΪĻ״ʦƿźܶȽĻ׼ԼܣҪǿ˻ᣬ˵ǲɹġ
Ѷֵָ꣬ӰĻָжźĳ
ɱ㣡ĿҪˣ֪ȫˣԽ˵Ǹ鷳
˼Ű꣬ճ͵ˡǺۣŻһѶûգҾ~~2330~~
()

562.562 ϲ

562 ϲ
Ӱû˵()ϣ㱻һ߷ɡ
ۣӰֱһѪ˳˹ȥ
忴޹ӣȿȣС½˵㣡
Ů˾ôģ޲Է
Цߵĺã
üЦβͺһβͲϵҡţٺ٣Ҿ֪⣡
ܿԼҵܵǸģЦȳȥɡ
Ѷңܽ˴ⶰ¥ʱ칫ҡ
()Ϊ裬Цҿˣ
Ц˵ˣ
ӰôãĿڹûָؽãռ㹻֤ݲСܵ
Ѿˣŵūǰɣûκͷֿ(i)ŢĶӴӴһ겻ĥ̫ˣû˼
İǣ͸úúĥ¡
Ӱ᲻򱻾ߣ()󣬷ܵǺǿġ
붮ãһúġ
Ҳģ()⣬ڻܴݾߣǾԲѵġ֤
ͷŴ磡
ͻȻ뵽һ⣬磬úǿ˹Ŀ()ǳ󡣡
Ҹĸȥ⣬ϴҲй¶˳ȥͬǿ޵׷
ǿ޵ıָ⣬Ԥı䲻ôɺϡ
صĵͷҲɵģԲŲʵǽյĶӰȽϴ󣬱һɱС
ţҲôġȽͬ
Ǹƻĺ꣬Ӱãأ̫ˡ
˾͵һӰһĴ
ǸƽĺùоЦ⡣
סļ򣬵ЦǵȻҲ˭ϱ
ܿԼܵҫϱЦãġ
ٺ٣˭˸ϱأ
ŷ̯̯֣ǼʲģΪֵҲû취Ҹϱ
βͶҪ̵ȥˣҲЦ㡣û˵
ҼĲŲЦأ˻§ֽ˽
ֺݺݵһѣ죡
һԽԽҪˡ
ģǲҲԽԽϲˣȴյߵЦ
(i)أϲ
̫ˣдû״̬£ߺһᲹϵģллͺͶƱ~~Ҳдˣϸ£ôô~
()

563.563 ôôϲأ

563 ôôϲأ
ֱ˷һţһϲű
ܿԼҵܵܺ͵ûͳһĹͻȻ˼ԼǲҲӦȥҸŮˣ
Цʣ֮ǰӰ()ҩ軹ܸܲṩ㣿
ڵĹרŸȫʱץ()ϸԷֻҪע()ѶҩǾû취ˡ
֮ǰõҩ裬˵ܹΪǵѶܴľϲ
صУԼƳġ֮ǰӰõֻã߼־ȽǿҪԲͬ˺(qng)á
ЦŵͷѶԵҲµߣ鷳ṩһЩ۸
Ҫи߼ߣҲæ
ЦðҩҩĲ󣬴㿴Ÿͺã
§ļЦǿ磬ǿ˺ûеҩǲܸ۵ˡ
治֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣܵ׵ϱ˸硣
ģҿɲԼ˳Կ㼱ġЦ˵
ٺ٣ǾллˣƤһֱܺ
ֿ̧˿ʱ䣬һе(qng)ҪæҪһԸ𣿡
ӰѶ¼˽ϵҶҺĻף(qng)ȽأøϿȥϱ
ڰ˵ȥæɣҺҪȥӰء
ǸճΪ(qng)£ȻҪһȥ˽ˡ
һСֳһڹķеҭһηԼҵܾܵճˡ
УȥɣڿԼŵҫ۲Ĳ
ЦæͶʱһũԷ
ãǿһֱķˣܶԴԼ˶º͡
к꣬ˡ
ΪϵȫȥӰɣҿһӳĺܲ
ԽԽķճˣ(ͦͦ)ϲദУ㰲ţ
ôߵĽҲս͵һڣĸζã
ü۴Цһۡ
һȥ˵ӰԺ˲ٵʳ󷽷ǣ߽ȥ
λϣ򿪺ȵĺʳһֻȴʮָţÿ춼ϲһ㣬ôôϲأ
һˣ(ͦͦ)˵ģ
()

564.564 ϱҪʲô

564 ϱҪʲô
˿Ӱȥ
֮ǰ̳ʱ뽫ôҪԣǻᡣ
ˢˢˢǱҲϵĻ(qng)ȴǱ˽һʡ
ȻΪϱ򵥺гɾͺС
һѴüЦķЦʣоΣ𣿡
ۣϱ˸ģ㾡ܹһ𣡡˵
Цĸ첲ȻսĿһڣһ
һﾡǹʣķ۴ģ㣡
ͷƣһţ׸(ƨp)̳أ
Щʧ漴˼һתЦʣ˼̳Ϳ𣿡
ԽԽô˰ûĵ
ĸôûá
Ǹһѡ
ٺٵЦֻĳ
㻹Ǹ()һƤԽԽˡ
忡ǲЦݣҲֻһ˵()
Ҫȴ˿ۣҪ
ϱҪʲôӦõķʡ
Ҳ˵ԼԶԡ
ǣֹһᣬҲˣſũ
ϴ裬ѾϴŽ
㴵ͷԾȥ˴Ȼվ()ָ⴩ķ˿
ɳϣܵİӣͷļˡ
֮ǰ᲻Сĳͷȴ˳ˡ
ǵȻźϱģЦ()()βҡ
۵Ĵͷһ߰˹ǰڶפս
͸߿žԽԽԶ֪ΪΣһֱ(qng)
ϵЩ˶ǲףҲˣ¶һ˿Ļȣ֪үү˿ʲô뷨
һ뵽Ǳ̲סһ˿ˬС
һһϢ
Ҫ뿪һʱ䣬ϲͷ޳
ϲȴ費Ƿһĺǻͼ֧֡
Ȼѡ˷壬ȻûƷȥŻơ
ͷձɣն˾
˹ϢԾ˹һֱһȽǺзȵˡ
ллһ·˳磡һ䡣
ȥϷʰʲôģ20~~~һʱӦþȶˣôô~~
()

565.565 ۶

565 ۶
˹ŻظָĦնˣַһ
Ժ𣿡
أȻҪǻѣǾԶѣ
һһ񣬼֮ղŰ˹ֳȣͨ⡣
ã˹Цˡ
ˣϴεҺҶҹͨҶҵļѾֲˡ
Ҳڵ۶Ҷʶ֮ϵңܻ͵ѧ˽(qng)ʲôɵĶʲôҵš䡣
صðҲҶ˽¡
ҶҵŮҶҲ
˹ʱԺϵһһԼ
ã㱣أ
һֱڰŪնˣЦʣںˣ
ʵ˵ûУ˹Ϣҡ
üǼһˣ
(qng)УıȽϽ
һģʧЦû˵Ҫ뿪۶һʱ䣬˵˵ϴҶҵĹͨ(qng)
˵ϲǣͱСˣ
˹Ҫ뿪۶̹ˣʶȤ
˭СۣϱԶء()˵
()ϣǣˣ
ȥϷɡ
ֽ̧Ȧڻ
Žն˴ϷðһȦȦķۺݡ
ڶһȥϿΣ()ָʶںһˡ
ŽУţͷſڶţա
üͷ˭۶ˣ
ȥ˵žҪ׼ͣ
סãǵʲôһֱǱڰǻ
ҹպܿͻжʱٳ֡
ãģͷάЦ(i)
ͷЦĵ⻰ü٣
ϱŸ˾ͳɣƤ˵
ŽͣȻȥϿΡ
ϣϾ˷һǲ
ֻǳԹϵģһֱΪ㣬ѧô͡
û뵽ͷȴΥУ棬˽һĵ뿪ѧУ󣬵ڶϲŻع飬һǾ˷ҵɽǲһʲô˵Ƭҿ
¿κ󣬷˿뿪нϿƬ
Ƭնյģʾʱ䣬ȷʵԵϡ
ǲ˻ԭֻһºţɺܿͱˮȥ˺ܶ˵Ĺע
˼ʰʱ䣬˰СʱŪһ綼ʣ㣬컹ȥ((Ʊ))2230~~~
()

566.566 ̫ʧ

566 ̫ʧ
΢ܿ챻תˮһǿƵĽࡣ
Ҳвԭ˳֣Թϵľ͸Ǵ(r)ֲ´
⻹еǷδϱ͵ڶѧԺУϵԾΥУ
ѵˣҲ̫ˡ
ĻǻˣôӭϿû뵽Ȼˡ
˵ѧڿѧеĿԳɼǵһ֣ѧסȻ˽ŷҵĹϵΥ棬񻰣
Ҳ˼ʲô(qng)أ
ʲô(qng)϶ǳȥͷ̸(i)ˣиùõУǺã
֪Ϊս()ݣᱻȥսѧԺЭ̹ϿԲһѧУȴû˵Ȩޡ
㱻Ȩʲôأ
ô˵Ϊٹ׵ģսʸ񣬵Ʒʲôأɼһ𣿡
˵ڶѧԺ̫𣿾Ȼ˽ѧԺѧ˵̫ƽ˰ɣ
˭˼ǷҵδϱʶôУѧȴƽΪ
Ȩ壬ùְ
̮Ҳ̫ˣһ֮ǰ׺Ӱ(qng)ȫ˵
ڻūƣоĺùֲ֣ԭʼūᡣƽ˵ֺﵱԼӣѹӰҪô
ͻȻеͬ(qng)Ӱĸӣе
ˣǵһ(to)һ(to)ԭϲͻȻᡣ
̫ʧˣ
ҲʧҪתڣ
˴ʹ(r)ֵģ˿źܶ඼֧֡
ֻƬ˵ʲôǶˮ
ǸƬǲǸ½СţһǺˮȻô˸磬ֻʸŴ(r)ֵˣǴ𣿡
û취˭̫ˣôЩĽʺޣҪ£
ֻûֻһֱٴӰͽϴ׵ĽЩǸЦ
۾ûϹô(qng)Ϊϴˡ
ĸ͵ôණ¶ݺˮڵȣɶ֤ݵģǷģ
뵱ūͣԼǩЭǵɶҪƷΪ˺ģ۲
ŷŷҺ͵ڶѧԺԺ
ƵȥҲΪΥ棬¡
Щ˱
ܿˮͳԹϵð˳ķ˿˺һƬ
()

567.567 ɲ

567 ɲ
̬Ƭ¼ܿ(r)ѡ
˳˺Ҳи˳Ϊ˵
ͷķ˿һƬϵ(ͦͦ)ȥ
¿οԾշϢʱѾҳһƬ
ý࣬ʵڶѧԺĹƽ()ȡ
һ¿ξܹûȥˢնˣ֪¡
ôˣ߹üͷ΢ţʡ
һˢնһ˵˵Ѿð˳
Ӧٶȵ(ͦͦ)ġ
һߣһ߿Ϸ͡
ǱQĻȻϴ׽׺ӰѵǽøɵģЦ
˵һϲڱҹ˱ˣȻǳûˮΪĸϴס
ҾӦתߣϾ֮ǰ׵()Ǳ󣬺ܶѾȥڽ׵˭϶ǲԸⱻڳġ
ҶҵһͲαӡ
ͬĵͷҲôģսе()ϣ˳һѣЩѷɢע
ôɣǲҲں()ϣ̵ְһ(ͦͦ)Ư
żֳ˵ɲǣ
ҺģǱڵıͼתעĽãһŹ
һᣬȥķ䡣
£ܵƵ绰ʹˡ
ͨ󣬼ɳϣһϵģ
Ҳŵܵ¿ΣȻʱġ
ϵ(qng)֪𣿡żɽʡ
ͷ֪ˣǻɱнõֱʣϱĿ϶ˣúò鰡
ֵ͵ĴڣҶȴ֪ж
Ѿ鵽ˣǰؼҼġЧûܾ֮һ
Щ⣬ȫû뵽ǰؼҳ֡
˹ĸףǵĶĿʲô
üѲΪ˹ıʧܣؼҼǺˣɰհؼϵ()ӣΪ˹ͷɣ
ȷʵΪ˰˹һǾ˰ؼҵǨŭҪǳǷġ
ôΪҵϲ˽Ƿҵ
ǱǲСǣȥˣ
ǸĿǲ˼ǻܿ촦ġ
()

568.568 ϱҪ

568 ϱҪ
̬ȳϿңһůǷˡ
ɰؼң϶Ǩŭֱ˦ˡ
ȴ෴ôˬĴӦҲһϲҷΧԭ
粻ÿ±ҲҶǶҹƺᡣ
漴ʣ˹˵뿪Ϊ°ɣ
˹׷㱻ؼҵĸ߲ѵˣȽִŵķԲʱȡ˼̳˵()ݣ䵽ڶսؼӦò֪
ܶ԰˹м͵ģϧϵļ壬úۡ
循ȲѣԭǻǱˣؼҲ̫ʵ˰ɡ
ԭһֱ˹𣬲ڵǶ˼ͬ(qng)
Ȼͬ(qng)ǰᣬڶԷϲ˵ĻϣȻƻӰѻ
ؼˣҲֺ(qng)ˡܴżֲм
ϲѹͰؼǽȻַͬ۶ϡ
ƲƲ죬ҪģӦԴʩûеĻ취
º͵ЦţȴһƬǷҵݲ۸εĳӾҰɡ
ղүӾͷˣǷͱլˡ
ȻүӲҲӹġ
˶ټ֮ǰҲѹóƻҩϢǹʱˣ
붮ܵ˼
֮˳ѧԺõľоƻҩɣлҽԺǱύ룬زŵЭǩ¶ԵڶѧԺ·ļͱκɿ顣
Ļǻллؼңǽ⳴ô(r)ĸ߶ȣԭһϱҪˣ彾ѵ(ͦͦ)(ͦͦ)()
ü۴Цǰһô£󣬰ؼҾͷˣ
ǰͷ̫ʢñһâںȷϵ˷ǿɽ֮ôӴѾҪٵ͵ˡ
ЦҿҲöлؼ͵Ĵ񡣡
磬нò𣿡ʡ
ܵͷУҲ鵽һֱͱȽϴˮ˾ܣ˽ǣȽϴӰĸӵˮǸ˾
ֻûֱָ֤ǽָʹģһٶҪ㣬۸ͷϣǷҿɲǳصġ
һ²ûд꣬20~~
()

569.569 Ϯ̫죨

569 Ϯ̫죨
ҸѾãñQô̫ˣΪҵ(qng)
ľǼˣϲҲġ
ѾԼ˵ķ룬Ȼ(yn)۸Ҳ(yn)
ֻãŰؼҲôˡ
Ц⣬лл磬Ҫʲô˵
ֻõʱƻ򲡵ҩ裬һŷ˵¾Уľͽǰɡܼᶨ˵
Ҳ(qng)ãǵȴϢ
ҹѾźˣǿϷͳɣܹһš
ã
˵˼䣬ܽƵ绰Ҷϡ
żΪź˵̫Ҳһֿգһ԰ȥһسء
ûĵһۣǵ˱ԣ
ֵദĸоãҲôԼ
ߣȥϷҪǿ񫣬³ȻĽִ䣬뻳Ȧš
Уš
°ͿͷϣȻֻһնͶӰһˢҳ
ǲ(qng)ڼͣðһЩ˿ʼŷ()ϴ
ϲĶϱе˹Ҳﲻһ
֮ǰΪ(ͦͦ)(qng)Ҿ÷Һ(i)ɾȻϲ˽ʹҵĵߣջضԷҵĺøС
ǰ֪ƽ(qng)ǲҲϲ˽ҺõģϾҺܶ˶Ҫְ
ηôҪһ
һһܶ˶ߺ
ҲвΪ˵ģܿͱˮѹȥ
Լ˰СʱڶѧԺĹٷվһš
УĽ
治ֻоٳõѧУȨ޵ʱԭ򣬻ͬʱԺ룬Ӧǩļϡ
滹һƪʦڶѧԺ߷Ϣǲˡ
ܿ죬ٷҲȫһҪš
()򲡣Ƽټ()򲡵ҩ裬Ѿоɹ֮ǰûйоߣΪ˱Ƚϵ͵ȴҥڮٶ׵ҩʦ
ⷽĿǣʽƻҩдߡ
ͬһʱ䣬ԺлүԼƺû򲡵ˣ׷վ˳֤
Ժڹϣṩ֮ǰƲʱƵƵĶԱݺЧ
Ϯ̫죬úܶûӦͬʱ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~һ²첹ôô~~
()

570.570 ͵ʴ

570 ͵ʴ
һֱŶ޷⣬ߵ궼ֲ
֮ǰ˻ƵҩˣرսŵĽʿоĸˡ
ֻٷֻҩ裬ȴûйߣôҺǺ棬ֲµλҩʦĹס
ǧ£Ҷû뵽ȻƵġ
ԺƵЧԱȣϵ֤ݣû˭ỳʵ()
˵лϵô˳֤(ͦͦ)Ҳܶˣʵ
ѹлүôԭƺĻ򲡡
ǰ֮ǰ˵лүӵĲ(qng)Ѿصʱĵز()岻ָˣܹˣЧ̫ţˣ
治ʦŮʤ򲡵⹥ˣҲõˣ
ĹףʷˣǾزšԺ͵ڶѧԺϸȨޣûΥɣ
ȻûΥ棬˵ҲֻϵʱȥоûѧЩ¸ñ˰ɡ
ֻûѧÿϿζ棬ʼǣۿġ
֮ǰǸǲ˷ģԼȫ
籩̫ˣ
Щ֮ǰ磬ʲôʧʲôʹȨˣøǸ
̫ˣ֮ǰһֱڮЩˣ۲ۣ
Ȼľô죡
ţÿδҹ
֮ǰǶ˺ھǵѹ֮ǰðˮȫӰ
ؼҵ˿ڶѧԺٷĹҲˡ
Ҳû뵽ƻ򲡵ҩ裬ȻƳģôֲ
үӱˣ˭뵽һûСֵز
ͻȻЩڣӦӽ׷ֵģǼ˴ˡ
βûдͷҵΪԷ˼£ݡ
ؼҵ˲ɵöүӺͰؼԹԣͲӦȥˮ(qng)º˲ȫܻᱻҵϣȫ͵ʴס
ڶѧԺѧٷĹҲˣǧ㶼û뵽ѧԺﾹһҽѧУţ氡
ʦһҲסˣرǰȽϲ׵ĵʦһյûţΪǵäĿ
()

571.571 ǲǸˣ

571 ǲǸˣ
ϵĽ˱Ƚϵ
ɷϣҳֵЧʷǳ죬һ׵ġ
ϴ˱õˮΪ֮ǰ(r)ȳΪĽ㣬ǿ˶ڹע¡
ļͬ˹棬үǰһڣֱ˹ȥ
ȫǱڴ̼̫ˣ͵ҽԺСʱѹ
ǱҲϢסˣһֺޣô¶öռȥ
ǰôûı£ӰǸѾͷƲס
Ľʺ޺⣬ŵȴҪôı
ҪǽҩõļҵĹ˾ܽ˾Σ϶ù˾һ±Աĸ֮ǰоҩ׬Ǯ
ԽԽסˣҲǷ׷ȥҽԺ(ɧɧ)Ÿѹүӡ
үӿһŲԼ()(qng)ȴһȥҪĴһңһ˵ζ
ҲǸϵˣ˵һʱͬˡ
ũˢնˣ׼Ȼնȴˡ
ͷ磬߶˿ζǽ
£ͷڲ()ϲȣĮʡ
үǿһͨһݵĿ˵СϹϢҿˣȹϲ㡣
治ļҵһ㡣
үү㣬̲ס㸸ףҪ㡣
ЦȣѾļҵˣҸˣȥҿûá
㣡ԭҪ(qng)Ƶүӣ˲䱻ðʲôȥңѾͷ
һ뵽ԼĿģŭһ(i)Цݣ⺢Ӿ(i)Ц
ĸע˺ܴѪĹ˾⣬Ƴҩһҩ˾ѹ˵½ʶ㿴ܲܺ˵˵
ү֪ڵƢãҲȦӣо˻ҩô(qng)ôļأ
ļұǿҩ˾ģ㽫ҩ䷽ûӪ֮϶˸Ļǿˣһ˲˵һүү֪Ǹúӣ
û뵽үѾ޳ֵܵز⸱(i)ģĵˡ
ǲǸˣͷҿѾŮˣΪҳװ(i)ģҶΪûţƤôôأ
20~~
()

572.572 ģ

572 ģ
ͷӡ
Ķ࣬Ҫǽҩ䷽ûصļҹ˾ƺܿͺûϵˡôҪ⣬㱦İɣ
үŭ𲻶ϵðβȴʶάҵ⣬ûϵ
ü˵ǸϲҪģѹô޳ܣ(qng)Ŵġ
ļңҲı䲻үүʵүֱˣɫࡣ
ʼ磬ҲûıʵѪԵϵүүΣǿѾİˡ
ƻ򲡵ҩǾͱˣ͸˷ҩ˾ҪǸҵûԼȥҪɡ
үһҭôܸȥҷҪҩ䷽Ѿͷһǹġ
ļҴڲԶɳϣĻһ϶¶ߡ
̫ʶ̧ˣһ˲һˣרȥˣ졣
̸֣˾(qng)үӻ֣Ȼ˵
үһڣ˵Ȼҩ䷽˷ٵҩ˾ҲҪ͵û˵
㲻Ŀĸ׵Ѫ׷˰ɣ½ʶܲȥкһҪٴѹĸװŽҩ˾ˣһֱĸףȥ
֮ǰ½ƷԳ޺͹ϲףģ˵ϵǳ
ͷʹ󷿵޳ܶٴˢ¡
мǿ֪ܲṩһҩ˾䷽˾ңҲҸҩʹ䲻κθá
ĿүӼӦ֪Ϊʲôһҩ˾ļңȴҴԭ˰ɡ
ȻҪļңȻ¶Է֪
үӵɴ۾һţ㣬㣿
ΪʲôҪǼҹ˾ĸ׵Ѫ㾹ҪĿ𣿡ֲָ̧øࡣ
ЦΪĸ׵ѪҲŲϣЩ޳֮ͽˣȻҪǿаռұˡ
ļҴʲôͷʲô֪ĸ׺͸·˭͸¶ȥģҲһġ
Ӱ⣬㱦Ĵ󷿿ҲǺǵ֮һѵҲñֻѪײĿŶӱӺ
Цģҩ˾ѹֻһʼǾͺúõܽҵ½Ʋζɣ˾͵ýܳͷ
()

573.573 ôôɶأ

573 ôôɶأ
үû뵽Ȼ֪Ӱ͸¶ĸ·߳ȥ(qng)
еʹű־ֿѪѹ˲
Ҫļңͷҧʡ
΢Цȴû¶ȣ԰ϵүӾǴˣ
㣡㣡үѪѹٴһѪ˳ۣ
˫һɫ׵˹ȥ
ƲƲ죬ʻ
̫ˣôүү𣿡״Ҳˣ첽߹𱸡
ĮĵԼŰʲô£
ôТ˳ԺͺúչͷɣңֱӽǸϳ۶ȥ
˵꣬Զŵķ彫ͷ˹קĿ룬ļҸ۸ϱƤӺա
٣һû۸ˣ
ڿʹøֶǰ۸ҲûǸ¡
˵ýͣǾ͵Űɡ
˵ֱӽƵͨˡ
´㶵ļˣû뵽ķҪΪͷ
Ϲô찡ǸѾͷҪԣڿǽˡлʡ
žӦһ⡣
()˵㻹˼ңǲô˿Ǯȣ((Ʊ))뿪ļңôн(qng)
лŵĿ룬ȻֵͷϣûĬһô𣿡
漴˺ҧ˵ֱֻˣ
žž뱾һӵĻ𣬱ץŭǼ⡣
лҲǺǵģź׵ָȥѸ˴һš
ļμѿŸĸˣ˳Ա־·ʣ磬ô찡
־һô֪ɲǰǸϿҳ·ɣ
˵겻һֱ(i)үӣ˴ĸĸͽãã̧߳˲š
ǿˣڵıͿɽҪļ׾٣óż廹û군ǰϿȥתʲԼ²С
ļμѴ㶵ĿԼҶ뿪ӵã
ּԹޣһֱϲ޵ķˣھҪļƲôôɶأ
Ŵø׵ĸĸȦ˺죬Ҳܳ˲׼ȥο
˭˱ѪιȥүӣҽϹʱŸϿ콫ƽҡ
2130~~
()

574.574 չ

574 (r)(r)
Ƶ绰յǰһģ
̧ͷ
һͷȻ̣˳(ͦͦ)ġ
屻˳ëЦе˵Ϊϱҽ
ҪҪļĴЦʡ
°ͣ԰̯ˣ˵ṷǽ
ǹҧɣļҴ󷿶˽()ӣֻƲ̫ˣԼҧ˼
ҲôƦЦ
üУ
ȻУֱ§Ƥ˵Ҿϲô
һš
ίͰ͵ĿͲٶ᣿ڻ磬˯š
ϸЦ⣬Ҫˣ˯Ҳúȥܣɱˡ
ű죬ðɣ
ȻָָԼЦŵĸζǲӦ£
ЦĴչȥ(i)ģ
һôƺԼĶˣ̲סչȥĴǣļ⣬
ϼ

ĴŻԼķ䣬ó֮ǰԼҴԴʯʼ
()Ķؽ츳Ҳ˳Ѿ޷֧ſԴʯϲС
ص󣬷Ϣȥļҵġ
ڶһҹȥ˯˯˸
ϴ¥մʳô˷˻׼
Ϊһλãһ緹ɡ
£ð
˶ûʳԵϰߣһ߳һ˵ͷѪˣ
̧ͷЩȣ۲ɫѪѹȷʵȽϸߣǿѪ֮󷴶ãôѪģ
ȵĲʱȥֻŴܣӺСŮֱˣҽʱĲ(qng)Ӿ硣ص
ǺʣȻˣ
ǰ֢Ҳ(ͦͦ)صģƫ̱ˡЦ˵ҲǱӦ
ͬĵͷͷʱƫ̱ƲǺܿͻᱻתƳȥȻ˵ˣƻҡ
ιȥ󷿶ֻ˸ʹͷȲʱƫ̱˸ܹܡ
֪סڱķ(i)ĴһҸʲôζ
ʼ磬ʮ**ͻ()()͸׵ĺȻʼڲ
ûҩ(r)(r)һжԼѡ񣡡һ㶼ͬ(qng)ͷ
()

575.575 

575 
ϣүȻصͳƬ̡
֣˾æҽͷöѾΪһһʱġ뿴ƫ̱үһꡣ
ǵģڹؼʱҡ
үӿ¶ͷɫҪ䣬ſֻ³ĸ֣㣬⣬⣡
֪˵ʲôֿ̧˿ʱ䣬һһĻҪˣ
˵ת()뿪˲үӵɴ۾ֱˡ
Ұο˾˴ıȽæҲ(qng)пԭ
Ȼôģȴ̲סһסԺӻÿ춼չͳͺȻ˵
ϱҪТ˳˲()ҩ
ǸʱȻСɱȽϹɣڲﲻ֣ˮ
ɴһңϴڹһ˽ɷѣһ⣬ӰӶûм̲סеĺ
˰ǲ룬Խ룬үӾԽ˶һҵĺ
ǸʱŮСҲТ˳Ȼ̬䵭סԺʱҲ춼š
ͻȻúܲþܡ
ӺͶϱϴһйأ֪˶ˣѲҪ͵ȥǾĵ֪
󷿶ãʵҲ֪
ԭҲܹܣÿο˫γ۾ͻ̲ס֪Ҳܲ
ѹ˼Ҷ˵ˮתڱˣζ治ܡ
Ժ̲סֳҵһһЦǸѾȥŮ˳ʲôӣˡ
µе£նҹԼ
㲦ƵڷΧ룡
ʾڶżն˺ѾԷڣɵƣı۾˼ʮꡣ
֮ɻչˣɲȴû˿
үƫ̱ˣ֮˵ûôѣҲܶһȴҪΣڷ
ЩҲûжѣһĶΧŹ˾ʹתŷʧܡ
ֹ˼죬ٴҽԺʺ˼Ϳʼֵˮ
˵ԼĿģ֣һֱѣֳܲܰǰٷ֮ʮĹɷʱҴ
Ȼ˵ģ˾ڲֻܵ˵һҩ˾Ĵѹܵҩزŵĸֿã˰˾Ҳʼ˾ˡ
()

576.576 ɵƯ

576 ɵƯ
ǹ˾ǰ϶϶ϱ()ݣû˽͵˰©˰ȣﾭס顣
ڳ˺ĺ⣬ֻһ뷨۶Ǹȥˣǵ·ǵñɡ
˺(r)ӣƲ׼תƹ˾ĲƲ
үȴռ˴ɣܶûдɷݸ첻ˡ
֣㿴Ҷ˺öͷǱͷ((Ʊ))Ҫˣүͷȥͷ
Ҹһֱҽº;˵ѧԺӿʲôģҪǹ˾ˣǰҲˣ֪δүӵߡ
үӼ泤˲ٰͷ֮ᵽĴӣԭӲ̲ס
Ͼһִ(i)˶ĶӣǸõҲ£ѹûԭǲ֪(qng)
̾˿ǩְɡ
Ҳֻʱȹ˾ɹѹغջ
һϲæóļүǩնϺĤָƽ֤
ļЧεûмߣү˵һСʱĻ뿪
ߺȴҲûл
һܺ󣬷յϢ˵ļҴѾƲתƵٵ۹Ǳ˰аǰʱǹǼʺڷɴĴƱҪ·ˡ
Ǽʷɴ湫˾Ƚϰȫ(qng)Ҳбϡ
Ҳкڷɴ۸Ƚϸߣȫ()Ҳû̫ౣϣȴò()ݣЩҪ͵ɻ޷˻ѡ
ļҵĹ˾ΪΥ潫ʱ⣬˰շǲ뿪۶ǵģԲŻṺڴƱ
𣿻ǣѯʡ
ǶļҵӣȴҲûһ壬ǵŶԷԼ
ζ˵ǻѡȻȥٵ۹
ܰɣĺ(r)ӵءЦһ
һֱΪأȥˡ
Ѿ˽ˣôЦ֪ʲô˼Щᣬٵ۹һνĴ˸ء
ǸСʲôõģľȻô
ȴұֳ뱧ϱ
ҾͲֹˡ
־͵͵ת˲ٲƲȥǱңľҲүܱȫˣл浺ļμͬûţѺһЩƲȥҹ˰ˣǻ֮䶼ûз֡
Цż˵ȵٵ۹󣬲Ƕṷҧ
ʱͿһιˣ
ü۴ЦչȥһڣɵƯ
ǰŵ½ڲˣллͺͶƱ~~~
()

577.577 

577 
ʱһƻҩŷᣬ춨ҽѧĻ
Ȼÿ춼ͷһϿΣĩؼһڳеĹϣŵʱڵĲףȥ
³ȥũճ緹()()лˡ
ݹ˼ңЦӭȥ
()()Ưˣ()()֡
üЦ˵ıǼ⣬𣡡
Ůϲ˿ԼƯģرŮޡ
ɳϣ()()úɡ
ÿ춼ƵͨһΣо()()(qng)ǳ׷ſˡ
ҵͷЦǰô꣬ǵһ˿ɵĳȥС
Ц()()ûһ
һ漴˿ЦݣŮôô
()()Уˡ
Цһˣоദˡ
()()ѣЦ棬̫ˣ
۶𣿺Ǹ()()¶Щ档
ԭ()()()Ӧòôһµĸ(qng)ȴѣ˵˿϶ʲôĵط
Ҳˣڵ۶вҵ֮ǰ()˵ȥ̬κһġ
м𣿡ʣѹ()()ȥӣ(qng)ͻġ
һصɥżģһһŮӺŮҲУͱҴꡣ
Цżʣôʶģ
Һù̬εʱ˴ŷ籩ȥʱѴ
ʱ(qng)ȽΣǣһ˶ٷնˣʱһġ
ȽɺϵǱͬһεţȻһȥˣദиоȽϴ׷ңҿ¾ʹӦˡ
Цż˵Ҹо֮ǰ˵(ͦͦ)ԣһҪһθڵ飬Ųڡ
()()ôܺã͸һϰ飡ǵĿϲ()()
˿ܹõŮףܿģллС
()()ʲôʱԷɡ顣
һص֮ǰ棬(ͦͦ)ģҲŮˡ
ʲôʱİԼ()()ٶ졣
ЦǸ̬ϣŮȥȷ()念ˣ뿪
ǻദ𣿡ʡ
ҵͷ˶(ͦͦ)òģһҲʾף
ǾͺãԺлҲһ˵
()

578.578 Ѿ

578 Ѿ
Һĳȥε(qng)תļҡ
˵ļҵĹ˾˺ܴⱻˣ
صǰҩ˾Ѿˣʽ뼸֮ǰת˲٣ҵҲǱתȥٵ۹
үѪƫ̱ˣڻסҽԺȴŴһ·ȥٵ۹ˡ
⻰ż˵ĸоԭΪԼܼȴǳƽҲ˵׷ˣܺã
ǸϼһȻˣ
һӶ˽()ӣҲֻɱرϴľǰһģ˺˽()ݣȴҲͷϲǿ۰ɡ
ͷǰүһе
˵ŻҵնͻȻ
ʾǵ۶һҽԺ뻹ǽ
Ǳ˵ÿһ𣬡Уһˡ
绰ʣ()()ôˣ
·ˣȴûΪͷѣҽԺǱϵļˣֻϵңǼѻǳԺ
ü˵ϴҲ̫ˣԼһ˲˵ȻҽҩѶ
̵˵ͷ(i)ĴĿ£֪ͷʲô(qng)
ҲֻĺͺڰɡҶүӻм˽ġ
϶ġͬʣ()()ҪȥҽԺ
ɫ䣬ͷҽԺ˵ҵն˺ţҽˣûңȻҾȥҪʲô
Ǹͷ˽()ӣǳһʱȨ봦ãҲ϶źʲġ
ҽԺҪ㽻ѵĻɱᣬҾͲͷûǱҡ
ҪһȥɡԽԽͷҪ(qng)ƣװ(to)·Լ()()
ҿŮĹģɵʧЦģҶû(qng)ûݣϴҲûôĵӺ㸸ĸҲġ
һԼĶӺͶϱľ۵үӵĺⲻ
ȥ˶ϰˣ㲻ȥʡͷԺȥŮ˵лԼȥˡ
֣ͷðɣ
漴˼һת()()Ҫѹȥͷɡ
Ҳͷ֪()()ޣǿᲱϺķ˶ٱʱ䣬뿪ٱ㸴ϵϣˡ
Ǹͷʮ**Ҫ()()ʲôģ֪()()ĺãѾˣ
15첻ϵˣȡһһ()~~
()

579.579 Ҿͷ

579 Ҿͷ
Ļ˼¡
Уȥȥ
ͷʡ
ûƵֱͨӷһϢȥ
ܿǱ߾ͻظˡ
˵ȥ̧ͷЦһԸɡ
۾һðȥҵ˽˹ݰɣǸһֱŵġ
ҼżȲʧЦУҴҽԺϢȻ˽˹ݼ
ˣҲŷһɡԷӡǱȽϺõģŮҲʽһ
ЦҲôġ
()()Թ緹ûеĻҸʡ
Ц˵Թˣ
()()ɴҲˣݻطϢ¡ĵ
ҵͷվ()Ż֮ǰסɽӡ
磬뿪ũһ߼
ֱӿһҽԺ˸߼һ㡣
ֱȥҽ˽(qng)ߵһſá
һЩ
Һ()ߵһ˽ȥ
ү()ϣʱƣ()ָ˲٣°()ôϰ()ȴԶˡ
ҽû¶⣬ԭŵ˲һеĴЦݣˣ
ɫ˵ڹĺҹǲǡ
ɨɨүӣЦ()죬˼ʮ꣬Ҿͷˡ
㣡үû뵽һ˵Ļ뵽Լ(qng)һڡ
ºǸε˵֪ԲǣҲǶԵġ
üû뵽㻹֪ѵð
ʲôֱ˵ɣ˷ʱ䡣
˶ٵҪҰæ֧סԺѣǱǸûǸ񣬸û˼ѡԺ
漴ʲôЦЦ˵ˣǰ˵լѾ㱦ˡҪû޷۵ķɾҪⷿӻȥסƶǱߵĸˡ
ֻһ߸Ϲˣ֪ܲסϰߣķζʮ㡣
үӵѪѹ̲סˣβңȫǳűȥġ
ѾܼҸ֪ˣһҽ˾ƲתƵĶתˣȻһȥٵ۹ûдһкƵҽҩѡ
һʼͲţ˼绰˾ɶȷº˶ˡ
()

580.580 ȥ

580 ȥ
үһֱԴ󷿶ƫĳ(i)󷿱ֵҲܸм
û뵽ƭɷʱܺ󣬻ֲТ(qng)
(i)ʲôԴõĴӣסԺŸĸ·Σп˲ٵĶžʧˡ
ӺŮҽԺû
ϱҲǸɥĵģһζûκ𾴣̸֮価Ƿֲ̣ĸ(qng)ԸĽסԺѾ뿪ˡ
²ϣҲ֪ԼһȺǡ
һ·ⲻǸۣĺ˼㡣
Щ̲סĵεΣŷֶõķĸӡ
бºТ˳ġ
Ůʱײɻδ˺ǰҲǸТ˳ĺӡ
Сϲܣÿλլ
ʲô
Դ̫ݳ磬˺֮ģ󽫶ӺͶϱ
ϴĽ飬ǿвɢŮ(i)ˣŵԵ˼ң֪Ǹ˺ܷҲûиı⣬ҡ
СӺϴƲ⽫ϲֵ()ӣⶪһЩôֵǮĲҵԷӪּҵʱƫ˴󷿣Сõķǳ١
һЩĺĺڡ
˱۾ﻹЩǮȻҪҸҽҩѡ
żֿε˵ңǰˣ֪ˡһڸĵĻɣԺһ˺úõ
˽ŵĲƲõϣȴḻ㣬ֻܺܽڼ󣬻ʱʱҽԺ
ȺǽեˣҪΪһ·˵ʲһ󷿲֪ķֻȥƶķˣÿȼý(r)ӡ
Ҫҵԭ£ԺúõĹ(r)ӣȥȺǡ
Ц󣬸޳ܵ˼㣬ھȻ˵ֻ
Ҹ㣬ˣĿԴ϶ӱҶ޲㣬ܹ飬˵Ľѡ
ǷˣɵˣٴĹȥͷһΪǺ޳ܡ
(qng)ЩԱߵסļİΪˣûҪԼ
漴ĳүӿȥͺʲôģͱˡ
Һܿͻҽ飬飬ȥɣ
()

581.581 ô䲻ˣ

581 ô䲻ˣ
ү֮ǰͿ˸ҽˣʶ˵ġ
ǰźͲҪҩȻϣῴˡ
ֻû뵽˾Ҫҽ飬(qng)˵Ĵ㲻𾪵ͬʱȫֲ
㣬Ҫ飿ôܣ
ŵ˵ǵ()ôȢһŮ˽ţ
˵()ݣȢʮδСҲܱ̤ż
ȻҳƯҲȽӺݴȴûˣŮ˻顣
Ҫˣ()ݵλ˵Ĳ˺ܶࡣ
⻰ˣΪ˭һһжΪ𣿡
ԽԽ鵫ҲͶô䲻ϱˣ
Ҫ˵ʲôͻȻסԷĵ¶ȴһ侲˺ܶࡣ
˿ү˵˼벻ǿӵ()ϣҺܺãҺϲϣܹȢؼңá
ԶᶮģҲҪȥΪѾʧȥӵʸ񡣡
ѾôˣҲ侮ʯԼΪ֮ɡʮзȵ˵
һӴͺңŮ˶ãһ˵ζԲ۹⣬һϲϣ׷
׷ǰҲѾ˽ҵļ£飬ûʲôĸ⣬ϲֻ˰ˡ
˵ʵ()ȢһŻߵŮӸǣ档
ͷʲô˺Թ¿
˿ҺúõҸԶڻʹ֮Уĳͷ
ĥɱϵˣ
һ(r)ͱҲůů̧ͷſʵ˵㣡
ллһʧġ˳ﾡɫ
ڲ()ϵүӲͳһĹվһһˣһ˵ůգͻȻǱһ۵
̲סһֻסĿڵλãΪֻҪԼ֪ˣҾͻص()ߣȴס
мҵһۼòʶǿܶˣܴͬʱԽܡ
Ҫ˵ʲôȴ֪ôȥȡ֪϶޵ĸ񣬲ܽ⿪
˸õѡܺˣܵú
()

582.582 Ȼ

582 Ȼ
ʵڲүӼ
Ҳ֪ҵ̬ˣԺ㲡ҲٿһۣΪ֮
߰ɣ̧ͷԱߵ˵
ã˵ͷֳȥ
ûкүӴкøһֱ뿪
뿪ŷŹϵˣֱӻ˹ȥ
࣬صũһȥ˽˹ݡ
֮ǰڵ绰˵ҪһԷȻ()()ѣһ
()()˸ѣ֪ʲô𣿡
ҡҡͷûʣһԷ֪ˡ
ҲԣЦ˵()()Ѵȥͷϼһﲻ֪᲻ᱻ
Цǧ꣬ͷܻΣ϶
˵˶û˼ǺúóþõĻźã()()Ҹ֪Լ״ʲô
ͬĵͷ͸ôʹš
СúС֪סԺ(qng)𣿡ʡ
ص֪Ҳ֪󷿺Ҹĸ(qng)ˣ֮ͷٹֵ(qng)޷ԭ¡
СλͶ뵽˹УС廹ܣܹʱŻǸʱͷԺˡ
ССÿ»ᱣֵ绰ϵһΣֻǼʱ١
˶(ͦͦ)ĵģ֪ҩ(qng)󣬲ûͷʹһ⣬ֻǹϲͷ壬ǽ˵ı֡
ͷʹ󷿲ֻ޳ܣ໹رѿ
ţҲͷҲһ(i)ܷ()ӡ
˵˽˹ſڣͣóͼһ߼˹ͣڲԶ
һſʵӴӼʻλȥʻλţҴ
忴Ӿޱȣ()()ѾȻˣ
ҲЩȣԷźᣬʮҵӣһ˹ķ桢ŸУ׵һö
ȴ治֪Է()ݡ
ʶ
صʶ½үӵ׵ܵܣ½Ʒ壬ӪҩĹ˾()һ߼ҩʦΪҩشס
үүһǱȽģرá
ֻǽЩ˵()˵ȥ̬ˣڵ۶ûô¶棬Ųʶ
ŷĽܣЦ˵()()ҵѿɱͷǿ̫ˡ
ͷ˱϶ԲˣͿģ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

583.583 

583 
Ҳء
ץס֣û衣
ûĵһۣһ()()ǰص㡣
ģִ֪ġûзſЦŵͷ
ҲˣԱߵ˵һ䣬㳯
СҺ£½ҵѣ
ҽԱߵ˺ֶܣŮѷ塣
½үүãͷˣȽк
½º͵ЦݣǺã
ȽȥԷɣ顣
ãֱȥ˷İ䣬һ·ͬò͵ˣ׷½к
ܹ˽˹ݵ()ݶܼ򵥣Ҳ˵½Եϵܺá
£Ըϲˡ
˽˹ÿĲ˶£ڳʦĳԽԽտкˣҲ³ȥ顣
ϲǰջ(ͦͦ)õġ
½͵ĿЦû뵽оƻ򲡵ҩ裬֮ǰҩʦǣҲһֱоȴ޷ͻơ
ʶʱ򣬲ֻ֪֪һڵڶѧԺѧŮ
ƻҩ跢Ҳкܶעֱλ֪о߾ȻԼŮѵŮ
ЦŵұȽϲоҽñ˹ȥԺ˿ŷǵĲ(qng)ҪǾɵģԾʹⷽˡ
Ҳڷ֣˾ˡ½ûмʱͱȽҽѧ
ֽҩĵã½һ񣬶ڸ߼ҩǺ˽⣬ȴкܶ಻ͬ˼ļ⡣
½ҩǿƴʦ֪ⷽʶԨҲȽ϶
Ϊҩ̸̸֣ŵе꽻ĸо
ϲּһ߳һ˵Ҳһ˴֮ȻǱȽϸߵġ
극ԱߺȲ衣
½Ц˵Ҫҩ⣬СҪҪʲôҩģԾҡ
Ѿն˺š
Цð
ʣ½үү֪ʲôطлú𣿡
ƷŵһζҩҵƵҩⶾ
½ԴȣȻһ֮ǰҶʹúԭҪ
ţҪһֵ裬Ҫúҩ󷽳ϡ
ĻůůãʱʱҪΪⶾء
()

584.584 ˣ

584 ˣ
һֽץסϵ֡
΢΢һ㶣Ҳûš
Ų̨ˣûע⵽˵С
½˵úû˽صģ˽ҲûС
֮ǰܷս˧ίаæõõһϢȸǺˡ
Ҵٵ۹һλղһ꣬ȥѯʹûó߽ҪĻܻȽѡʵ˵
ŮѵŮҪܰæŪȻ߾ȫϧٵ۹λ̬ȺǿӲ
ź̸̸ɡ
һϲ֪úϢˣί˵ʶٵ۹һˣҲܰæʵڲ½үү̸̸ٰ
ԷԸۣȥ̸ϣҲҲǷ(qng)ҸȽϺá
½Щȣû뵽ʶٵ۹ˣܹͻϻ()ӦҲ򵥣С
ȴûЦŵͷҪ㾡ܴ绰Ϣҡ
󷽵סҵ֣Ц˵ǶһˣǲҪҼ
ĺϲңŮҲ꽻ϣദ⡣
ãҲ½үүġҲȽϲλүүķ涼ͷ̫ˡ
()ݺεģصԼ()()вϲأ(i)(qng)еӡ
ź˺Ȳ裬һμǱȽǢģԼ´ٺ½ҵ˼棬ɢ
ԭҿԺũ½ȥ־磬˾ͷֿˡ
ȻҲ˳ͷ壬˺ԾĲȥݣǾˡ
½ĳߣЦ˵ͷ(ͦͦ)ġ
Ȼתͷļ⣬ҪҲȥʲô
ˣü
ٺһЦҪȥưɺȾƣ
ˣ˵ͳɹᣬĿǰΪֹǶʲôģķ۴˿ͷһ(r)
ܿƿĿ⣬ô
ڷ嶢ʱͲ³⣬ЦһҲ˵жȴıȽϵ
аһҾưɣȥľܺã֮ĹҲܼƾŨȣĿ϶
ӣ֮ǰܹһҾư˵Ǿȥ
ƽٻȥưʲô棬ŮѾͲһˣöȥ棬硣
15~~
()

585.585 㲻

585 㲻
ܵľưɾһ
ֱȽеθ߶˵ľưɣרŵͣ
ͣóԾǣ˽ȥ
ʱưɵ˲ô࣬ҸƫƧλ˭֪û˽
СžͼվڲԶ֡
΢΢˺ڣĶҪ֪Ͳܵľưˡ
ڣЦȥ߰ɣ
ߵλϣ˻⣬нꪡ꿣ġ
Цˣѵÿǣһȼ
ƤЦ()ЦĵãǾۻᣬǾͲˣ
ļ򣬡ǺǼ˲ǣһҲҪأɱܡ
漴Է強۾˵һ𻹲͸ȴôҲҪɣ
ûİһۣȻˣΪ˭һôС
𩶼ô˵ˣҲߡ
ģ᣿תͷѯ
һ˶£û뵽ҵİô˳ʱǵһο
ЦȻ(i)СԵġ
ǰķСЩ߾ߣڻѯСŮѵ
ѹ϶˵ǰǹ()֮ǰǻÿʣǼʶˣ
û˵忡ǽ̧̧°ͣǵȻ(i)ˣ˾͸س(i)ŮѣҾⱻԵģ
һԵǽģü˺
ѹֽ㾭ŮѣҲ(i)Ҳ˲𰡣̾һ䡣
ꪳ˳ǣⱻӲһĹ˻Ҫ(())ġ
ϱ֮춼ҫǻ˲
ü۴Ц£һ˭Ҫһѡ
СҪʲôݸһݾƵ
ɨɨָָưɵƼβƣɡ
ҲҪ
̾˿Ҳ͵˼£ƵƱҼĵƵģǲŲ١
ۣꪽպȽȥľ˳æֽ˲ҿ㲻
ڿǵ()أ˷һۡ
ץ˵Ŷе˵ԽöѧѧҰȻֻһӵ()ˣ
򻨴йƬҶմ()Ľһͷߣˡ
()

586.586 Ӯ

586 Ӯ
ʧЦ
ˣѵ׷С°ɣʡܡ
ǰǻûū()ͷȫ
У
ҲǷˣȦҪôū(i)ŮѵģС
()ЦݣĽˣĽġ
ǾһŶˣЦʡ
ǿŶ˾ģһۻȦŶ
ڰ֣βǣҶ򡣡
Ҷ٣Ҷʡ
԰ֿ̧̧˿ʱ䣬Ӧÿˡ
ȻҶҪˣҶҵŮӴ¡
˵ͬʱЦ˵СǸ˽˹ʵ̫ԤԼŵˣܸܲǵ㸣
үÿܶҪȥ˽˹ݣҪԤԼͻᱻһ٣Ѿ˺üΡ
ҪܽӹƾͲ춢ˡ
ҲԶԣʶһСôǵ㸣
үӺ̫̫Ҳϲȥ˽˹òͣλҲѶ
ÿܶȥ˽˹òͣѾүӺ̫̫֮еķˡ
رҺǸǣÿĵһ¾նˣԤԼĵһʱȥʱһȺͷһ˭ȥ˭İ䡣
Ц˵ǰÿܶ绰ȥȴһζûж̫ˣ
ҵ˽˹ҪΪ˽Ӵ߶˿ͻϧȫ۶Щͷ̫̫˵ҲǺա
Ҳ֪˽˹ж𱬣ÿ춼ٸֵټӵʲôģʱû
εЦ˵ҪߺŵĻƹͻᱻȺүӺ̫̫ŽǻҰɡ
Щͷ̫̫ƽȽУŶҲǴһȤ
Ͳ࣬ҪŪߺŵģǵȤ(r)(qng)Ǿ͵òʧˡ
(qng)ͣ͸ˣ˾Ϳ϶Ҫˣǲأ
Ҳ֪˰ڰ֣ȥȥȥҼ˽˹ߺԤ⣬ͬҶ
˵ֶеˡ
ûĿŷ˵Сû޸أ͹˼ҵ˽˹ˡ
޸(qng)ôͲܹˣΪѣҿ۲аֱ׳Ļص
һҭôˣҪϱӮˣ
()

587.587 

587 
ꪺҲһΣǵĹѾԳˡ
ǾͺСЦ㼱ġ
оŻʵ۲̫༱˵ľ㡣
Ц⣡
Ц˵˽˹û㸣ũ߲˹Ϲ˽µ㲻
˽˹ԤĳÿҲˣǼҵӶ˾ȥŶȴˡ
ĳвһĻ𣬶棬ÿ⿴ҵǰſŵĳõĹ档
ڱһԾ嵽ʳеĵһλ԰ò˵ŵڶܶƱ
ҳе߲˹ϹҲĺãƷʺζ۸񻹱Ƚʵݣ֡
Դӳ˽˹ݺũ߲˹ϹǼү̫̫ԭʳĶûθڣ߶䶼óˡ
ʵ˵ˣЩˣũĲˣȥĲ˶оûûζġ
ûƴǣаҺ͸ױ˵һԺҪ߲˵Ļֱ˽¸ϵ˸͹ȥ
Сˬ죬Ǿô˵ˣԺǼҳԵĲˣɾͿũˣ(qng)õЦ
Ҳ׷Ц˵ǰô˵ˣ
Цʲôأôģ̸Ц䣬ȺҶѾ˹
꪿ϱˬ죡
СʲôôˣȿԼҵܵܺ͵Щ⣬Ц˶ɳϡ
Ҫǰ϶ڵܵԱߵĿλȴǳԾĲݡ
ҶԱЦ˵ǰҲǷ¡
ꪻصⲻǼͷ̫̫ϲũĲ˽˹ѶλãǾƽͨũ߲˹Ϲȥóʦ
ҶЦСɲܺ˱ˣзݰ
ҶҵĳСҲϲ˽˹ݣũ۵Ĳˣֻϧǽ˵ģѶ
ЦУзݣҪֱϵũĹ¾У
仰ҾͷˡҶЦż˵ˣ
˵ŷԱͷҪĵ˹
һڣоʦǵƵĲϲ˵㣬Ҳ״
()ѾָٶҲӿ˲٣ũֲȴ޷ħٵճɳˡ
żЦʣ֪ʲô˽Ҫ𣿡
()

588.588 Ȥ

588 Ȥ
кܶÿҷ֮󣬴ͼΧ
ôãûôྫǱҿģͻóۡ
õ֮רҵŶȥ̽⣬ͻֿᷢϡнȣֵҲᷭ
ȻõģⲻʲôöҲֻŵķݡ
Ҳ˵۶ĸ壬ٶӵһЩĿʹȨʱҲóۡ
ŵļ˶ﲻѡ
Ҫ򣿡
ͷǰҵũ̫Сˣ߲˹ϹԭʳģȫǹӦ򼸿רֲֳֵҩġ
ļݼΪʳõĶũԭˣ()ζܺãͬǳ𱬡
ҩĶħٵȽϴҲӺܶ࣬ҲбҪ
ĻҪѰ̬ǻʺֲ𣿡ʡ
Եϱ(qng)ġ
̬ǻʺֲг۵Ļ۸ɲһĹ󣬻ꪲ䡣
Ц˵ʵûҪǻǡǻǶԡ
ǺͰǿɲףǵĻԭΪֲŻרģҲ˷ѡҶ˵
ֲΪԭ򣬵ҿԲùŵʱڵƣȻķѲٵԴʯĳɱήͺܶࡣ
֮ǰ˵˽ӵмʮԴǣԴʯõġ
ҵʱ򻹿æȥü󷨣׵ķãð
Ļ㹺ǡǺȷʵܶ࣬۸ֻ̬ǵļٷ֮һǧ֮һпܡ
ҶЦŵ˵һڳǣҪǸȤĻҿ԰ǣϵ¡
ð(ͦͦ)Ȥģ鷳Ҷæϵ¡۾һ
Цʣ𣿲ȥʣ֮ǰ˭˵Ҫۻǡ
Զ
Цʣ֪ܴܲ
˽˹ݡкũ(ͦͦ)ģҪ򼸸ͲܣôС
Ҫǻɱ˿ܻе鷳ĻҪͰ()ˣָָԼĵ
еܳǻ壬һзҵũʲֻҪ£ʴûġ
ý㹺ʱѺŻܿ
ͷ϶û⣡
֮ǰϵͳһֱǲԷˣĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

589.589 һһҪ

589 һһҪ
ЩҪ򣬲ʱġ
֣յߵ˵ô㣡
Ĺ˾˾Ӫ׬ǮܹӢıȽϺãǮá
ڶĹ˾ﻹռ˹ɷݣڷҲ˲ٵĲҵ򼸿ǿԵġ
Цʣˢˢ˰
ֻˢˣɱһʯͷˢ˵
˵󣬿Ķߣ˶
ʱ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣū㲻
˵һŮһ(to)һ(to)ģǶ˵ڡ
žǺǲһ(i)(qng)˶
ҲǵһμԼҵܵ⸱ģЦͬʱҲȽο֪ϱǺ£ǮƱ()֮С
(ͦͦ)˵ģһԸΪôǮ˵ıغܴ
ļ۸ɲһĸߣȻǱųģȴҲȽ϶
ԼѹѹҲǮĶԺáסģ˵
ĿᶨЩΣ̾˿ҫ˵ϱ̫ҲǳˣԵ֮أ
ļ˳˳ǣһʱ̶Ҫһ㣬̫Ҫˣ۸û(i)ء
ЦһѣҪġ
ֻҪϱˣҪ()ҡβ衣
ɿһ˰ǵĹѾԳˣĿɼǵ()
ҶЦ˵ȻѾˣɷľҲԲˣ
ǣҲѾԳˣЦŴȤ
˵С(i)˭Ҳڲȥ˴֮䶼ųݣͻȻһĽ
(i)(qng)浥ãɳüӵС
ҲǷ̫ˣ()ӣɷͷǾԲֵزġ
ûĿ˵ļˣҼ̸(i)ôˣҪĽ͸ϿȥҸŮ㰡
漴һתЦҪŮѿ()󣬿ǵĽҵܵܵķݣ
ܵ۹Ǻãܵܡ
ꪼ()˵ĳ嶯ֵһһҪ
ܳҲͷͷˣǵĵܵܣͷһĹȥʲôǸơ
ȿȣǾԲϣҲԼҸĹġ
()

590.590 Ҫˣ

590 Ҫˣ
Ҷŷֵô(i)ɵ˼֡
˱ȽУʱ̶۲ܵˡ
ϰѾ뵽˹ûп⣬ҲҶһ˲ĲԾ
ôܵܵ(qng)ˣ
Ҷ̾˿ǰҲ֪ʲôʱһޡ
Ͼ޲ץЧУȺҶϵҶǣҶҵ(qng)֪١
ҶЦЧҲǰæѣÿҿСʹ࣬Ҳܡ
Ҫİ취ϾѪҺţܸоôףȽ顣
ҶͷҲôģĿǰҲֻʱˣֻϣϴʦҩоɹ
ϣﲨ˼ְ⣬ǸŮҶ(i)С()ֲһţ
ӰѶѾӴǱ֪˶Խúͷ˽һֱڲˡ
Էǳƻƽ¶
ҶѾһ͸ȥǽƺҶĲ͸Ļ
湴ǿˣ͸Ҷ̫˵鷳ʹˡ
ǸŮ˿ûţʱȥףûз޽ҵ˼ȥҶ̫ˣ
˽ûٶԸϱԲǺҶҵĹϵһ
ǴźʣСҽɽˣ
Ҷͷǰ֮ǰСһֿҩЧȽϲϾ޵ƷҲģ˵оһָС()(qng)ҩʹ࣬ӳ
Ұ־Сҩʦ
ԭˣȸ˵ҶǱߵնͻȻˡ
ɫ˱䣬Ϲȥ
绰ɫõĶԷȼ˵˼ҼмҪȥһˡ
ͻȻʲôʣ٣æҵĹŶϢ𣿡
ҽһҲ֪ǲҪġ()ĴӵݸҶ
ҶӴóһľд򿪣һѷ˿ڹͭذףǺܹϵʱڵĹŶʮѰҵ
Ӧÿԣлˣ˵ҴȥҪǻУɻҪ鷳æҡ
Цŵû£Ҷٿʱϵҡ
ܹҶߣǱѰҲֵõġ
лſȼ˵ˣԷ
()

591.591 ׸˭أ

591 ׸˭أ
ȴ²µһҶʲô¡
ʣǲСֳˣ
Ҷɫ̫ãǰղŲַ֢ˣҵøȥҽԺһˡ
ȵͷУȥ
ʱҶŵĴӿڵҶܣðһ䣬ذȥβ𣿡
ҶȲѣô֪ģ
ղſû˵ҪȥβȻ֪
£ȫû뵽ȥβģǲ⡣
ͭذôβ
صղͶĻˣϾ޵ѪҺβ㣬ҾͲ³ˡ
Ҷڣ˵Ͼ޵ѪҺ()ʮֵĸңɷ(r)Ѫ͵(qng)Ҫ()Ķѹơ
еĹͭذף()֮ǳأÿѹָҡ
ҶЩĿС̫ˣ(qng)˵׼ˡ
˵˼ذȥкܺõЧ𣿡̲סʡ
֮ǰѰҹŵʱڱȽ()()ĹŶǹĹѹƵܵܲ(qng)ʱܾòס
ֹβδżδ
ԭûôϣԴӵܵϾѪҺƽʱ(qng)Ȼ˺ܶ࣬ʱȴʹ࣬ɵһԵ꿰æѰҡ
ͷȷʵЧ
ҶûĸˣһתЧܺãܵҲٷ֢ȴء
ָָ˵ذϲźܶ()ɷ֮ӦԹŵʱڵĹĹʱ()ϾͻմȾ()ɷ()õ˶ܲˣܶ˵һˡ
ҶĻɫ˱䣬ʲô˵ģ
ûҪƭҶܣǲţȥһˮĹż֮ʾ֪ˣ̺()ɷ֮Ķ()ġ
˶ټ˵ذ׵()ɷǳأһֱ()ߣȵ()ڵϾѪҺ()ɷҲѾ뵽ڣ()ԽԽ̱
֮ˣȻûпйˮҲЩرôŨ()ɷֱ۾ܸܵ
ôأҶָӵʡ
ûҪƭ()ҲһĹҽֻûȥѹƣָܵôأ
ҽøãӦòڻẦܵܰɣоƽҲ(ͦͦ)׵ġ
׸˭أϵܵܵİΣδͻȻЩ
15~~
()

592.592 Ƚ

592 Ƚ
ȶȻǾŵģ¶Խøӵ
Ҷ磬ҪϵһˮʦʣȽס飬ҲΪ˰̵棬֤˵Ĳġ
Ҫʰϣô
ҶһҲеүүպиóˮĹżѡ
һ绰ȥԷȽˬ죬ͬæ
үӾڸѺȲ裬ҶֱӴȥ
λүӾڸŹȥæ᣿Ҷż˵
ЦŵͷҶϿȥɣžƣֹǡ
УһҶȲļæŶ뿪˾ưɡ
ߺ꿿С㣬ĹĶ()֮أӰ˵()𣿡
Դӿ˹Ŷ˾󣬿ûٽӴЩ⣬ԭ;()岻̫ղôһ˵òԾˡ
ŵƹϸ˿ǵȻһӦᡣ
˯ǲǾѣȽ䣬żͷۣ
˶ټ˵()ɷӰҲֻЩ˵
Ҹо()ϵ()ɷŨҲһʱˣǲǻ⣿С¥ˤлײӻǽǵȣ
֮ǰûôע⣬ϸͷ˲⡣
꿵ɴ۾̲סĴָС̫ˣ˵ȫС
꿵ģڳļҲµó˵ˣҲѡ
Сֻῴῴˮꪾȵʡ
ЦŻصƤëóҶ()ɷ֮ȽУԸ()ϵ()ɷжġ
ԭˣҲָָ̧ԼСҪҿ
˵٣Сҿ𣿡
ҲЦõĶԽ˵Ҳóֻ࣬ܿûв()Ƚǿûʲôġ
ꪾϲֻõ⻰Ҿͷˣ
С㣬㿴Ҫôβ𣿡ʮηرһڼܾ쬵ģСҲǽϵķ
˵()ɷ֮Ũ㣬ǾͲССˡ
˵ⲡҪԴ()ɷҩҲûʲôá
ɣһһŷ㣬ʱ()ϣ()ɷͻԶգҲ()ɷ޷()
ǻửģӳ()ɷûʴ()ˡ
()

593.593 ԣ

593 ()
Ļڳһ㶣βģ
ŶһУȽŷˮЦ˵Ǿ鷳Сæһˣ귽㾡ܿڡ
()ֵĲ(qng)С⣬δ˭˵ֱӿмˢӣǱ˼ϣġ
Ц굹ǲõˣҪԺյȣϵҡ
ܹ()壬ܴƳɷȣ()ָҲˣռ㣬Ŷġ
Ӧеû⣬ֻҪйϢԺһʱ͸㡣
ھͰ㻭һŷ֮ǰһЩֽɰӵ˿ռ䡣
ó÷ʹգÿһʶ̺
һμŪ߹ȥſ̵ţľǰʲôᡣ
ҲΧ治ѵĿţǻǵһμ˻˵Ż(ͦͦ)ӵģȻǲܾζ
֮һɫС۵װ˽ȥ
ݸ꿣Ժʱ()()ϵ()ɷɢҲһֱţ()ɷ֣Աƽ
ÿ˿ģŴ˵
ȥٽӹлСˣ

ȻԻ˵˿֯ġ
ĲѾʼº˿ˣǰһʱ֯˼û뵽ˡ
𩿴СܱƽҪҲһһţԺõĵط㾡ܿڡ
ʧЦУϲĻҲ㻭һš
̺ȷʵеֵãΪ˱ȽˬֱղûаУ˵ҪԼ˻(ͦͦ)ġ
վԱˣίͰ͵Ŀץ˵㶼ûһ()ء
𩼸̲סۣǹˣҪᡭ
ε֣ȥ㻭һţ
ִս˵õġ
()ת磬ͷļϣҾ֪ļˣ
ļʲôôķ̫()ˣǰôûһﻹ()
ҲҪԼҵܵģ˵ǹ()ˡ
һ죬תͷһۣ㡣
һƤԽԽˣϲ˳Ÿĵи
ô()飬ŪЩ˼ˡ
()

594.594 

594 
յŽͷƿ
ﰵЩݣԺưˣҪȾҲط
续ɣҾͿŲӰ죡
İȻſһ·ֽ
Ҳͬóһװãݸ𩡣
ЦŽŵ·ĶллС
ҲǱȽϲڷûЧʵǺġ
ˣЦЦ
һȾԼһСʱҶ˻
ɫãĶǴˣ²϶ذ⡣
ͷȺϵãǿʣҶ磬ˣ
ҶǲɫλʦС˵Ĳ࣬()а֮ʱһľͻ()忪ʼˣȻ׷⡣
ϣǾͻҪˣ
Ȼס
Ļڳļ˻ǲɵٴξ˾ˡ
̲סҸղſһ죬æ˷ȻʱһҲ鷳
üͷζ˵Ҳ֪(qng)岻
Ҷɫ˲()˭֪ģ֪˵ģְ֪ʲôأ
Ҷôû뵽㱻ˡ
źõķȥ룬ýϿ֪ܲܵҪ⣬ҶҲ롣
ȴ̲ס()ıۣϾܵܲпܳ⣬ʱֻ˵ܵܵĲָˣ¸أǲЩҲᱻƹȥ
Ͼʲô()ɷҶе˿˭õ
Ҷɫãȴ֪ʲô
Ǽһѻ𣬡ΪֵܣмһǾˡ
Ҷ˵Ŀ϶Ҫͽйأʲô£㾡˵
ҵǸӶˣѾѶˣĻнϵָʹȻĸףֻ֤ݻ㡣
ȶ˶˵Ҳ鵽ĸѧԺʱԽϿǺչ˵ãù۶ʲôġ
Ҳע㣬ɲܱˣתСˣѡ
ҿŮҲ̫˰ɡ
̲ס˵֮ǰҪ޸֣ǼûȢţǸҾ
Ĵ壬µľǽҾˡ
ҶɫѿȻ(qng)ǿˡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

595.595 

595 
ҵǸˣΪϴֱ(qng)ûм˲֪
ֻҶû뵽ϾȻһţ϶Էĸס
Ϊ׵ҩʦ֤ݲʵ̮˵ܵϳ͡
ʶô꣬ɷ˵⻰ĿŶȣֻ˵⡣
ʵ()ɷذ׵(qng)Ҳ֤һ㡣
صɳϣһԼɫǳѿҵܱܵһ룬ҪǲذȥѹϾѪҺĲָôأ
⻰ᣬϾԼжܶõʱҲǿղѡ
Щ˵Ҷ磬ǲ()߻иĹҽأʲô𣿡
Ҷ͵̧ͷ԰
֮ǰһֱŽϵ(qng)ͽӵҽˡ
С鷳æȥҵܵܵĲ𣿡żֿ
ͷû⣬ھȥɡ
ܹƻϵļƻǳ⡣
()ΪһеߵҽĺǽֻԼҩʦ
Ҷ˿ãھȥҽԺ
ڳҲܺҪôβҶ룬ȫȥԻȥܵܡ
ҶҲùǣųǰ·
ʮӺһ˵ִҽԺֱȥ˲
ҶڵĲ߼֣һ¥ڲķΧȽȺ豸ӺͽӴĵط
һ˵ʱҶҼѾڲҶ豸λⲡ(qng)
ô˽ҶҶ΢΢üͷ
ƽҲ⣬Сȣʲô(r)֣
Ȼô룬ȴûбֳ
Ҷ壡ȼǰк
ҶͷӦôˣ
˵С(qng)Ӿ磬úҶһ𣬾Ź
˵귢ҶɫܵµóԷǺܻӭǣҲ⣬˭Һȣ(qng)дˣ
СĲ(qng)أҵܵܵŮҽҶСҲ֪ҶΣ˹ĿЦݣȴһơ
ǷҵˣΪҶβҲҪҶҼϿɺزУˣ(i)βΣ
Ҷ£Ȼ⣬˵Сҽ˽ϴʦͻȻЩ̫ðɡ
ڽ϶ѾƵһˣͻȻΣðķհ
дĲ̫ɾд15~~֮ǰ˵ᾡȶʱ䣬˵һ()꣬ʵһдģ~~Ժ12һΡ15һΣ̶ʱΣҪҲǰ˵ģôô~~
()

596.596 ǲ㣬ǲң

596 ǲ㣬ǲң
Ҷûü˵ϵ(qng)⻰ͻȻеͷۡ
Ǹ鷳ԵƬ̣
Ҷ˼ĶԼ˱֣ȻҶ磬ߵ˲Զһ䡣
ŽѰҵ()ɷذףȻȥˮʦԼϹӰĸ׵(qng)˵һ顣
Ҷ㶣ȫû뵽ô£˳
ûҪƭ㣬ķˮʦҲܻῴϾС̫ˡ۾澡Ǳŭ
ҶҲ(ͦͦ)ŭģǰҾС
ڹҽϵܸߣҲκСܡ䡣
Ҷף֪ˣôǶԵģҪСϣֻʱ⡣
漴Ҷļ򣬳ȥ
żǸĿŷ˵˼֮ǰҲ֪()ɷذ׺ͽϵ(qng)ĻҲ治ˡ
Ҫ鷳СæαȽгĶ
ЦЦ׼˵һҽҶˣСүĲ(qng)˼Ѿ뽭ϴʦҩѹһ²С
ҽȥڡ
ҽųȥһ¾ϳ
漴ɫ˳˼С㣬ҶСү(qng)Σǵ븺Ƶҽ˿
üǲ㣬ǲң
˿һ˲˸˵Щ顣
Ҷ߹ΪСġ
ҽɫ΢΢һ䣬Ҷ٣֪ܲСү(qng)ںܲãҪ˲ƣܻܿ¡
Ҷ˼ֻнҵܵܣ
ϴʦҩܹʱѹСүϾѪҺ궯ƺΣյġҽصǿҲǷȥ
û˵ǵȴҶҸӵѡ
˶ǹ֮ˣҶ翪ڵСȻΪСģǼһ׼ǵġ
Ҳʾѡȥ
Ҷ̬ˣҽҲ޷ֻÿһλãȻСɡ
СүһֱǸƵģǵԱ߹ۿһʲô⣬ʱȡ⻰˼ԣעʧһ
ҶҸﶼ̫ܸһ׹˾ȻӣҲҽһЩԾ
ֻȴҲ׷ʱ
()

597.597 ĵͦ

597 ĵ(ͦͦ)
Ҷ縸ûͬҲûз飬뿴Ҫ
˵̬ȱȽ⣬˲˲ĺܺá
Ҳ˵ϴݺ(qng)ûʲôϵ
뿴Ϳɣֲʲô˵ơ⻰żֶҽĳ
ҶҪһƵʱԶרע״̬ԱҲӰ첻ˡ
Ҷ缸һȥãʡһҽֹ¡
ҶЦ˵ȻˣǾ鷳Сˣ룡
±ŵϣҲ΢֣˼̬Ⱦ̹(())ˡ
ÿƵʱ򶼲ۿֻ¼ҽԱ֮ǰ֣ҪǲоöӷҩѣôŪôء
ڿ˵ʲôè塣
ҽż()񣬾ֱ߽˲
žͼ()һ꣬ɫҰײϵ˫˫Ŷ̶İţмҽԱѹ
һĻüͷжһ⡣
Ҷ縸Ӽ״ɫѿ˼㣬Ƿǳۡ
ССҶ̲סǰ
ҶѾʧȥǣ﷢Ұһĵͺø˫ͨġ
ŽĻ𩼸˿Ҷ(qng)һôصֵزˣţҲе˰ɣ
ѾϾ޵ѪҺӰʧȥˣ߹ȥ
׼ֿ̧ȴ˽Ų
ס֣һŮ
ת()ͼϺһŰ״ӵҽ˽
Ϻֱ֮Ų()ȥ
һ߶ҶСү(qng)ΣҪȡȴʩҶ޹ص뿪
Цһĵ(ͦͦ)죬Ǻڵ(qng)ҿ𣿡
ֱǺͨ(qng)ִŶķ˵С֪㶮һЩҽɻ벻ҪСүЦʱ䲻ˣ(qng)ѾΣˣʲô˵𣿡
üҺ㲢죬еô׽
ٴҴò˿ЦҶƵģϣܱǣȻѾûҽˣ뿴ôʹķϣ΢Ĵɡ
˵ûὭϣȡٵĳҶ()ϵļ(Ѩxu)ȥ
(qng)ȽϽûʱͽīƤ
()

598.598 ˶

598 ˶
ٶȺܿ죬Ҳʹýֹ
㣬ٸʲôôأ
ϱ̾ͺܲˣڿĶ𱸲ѡ
Ըˣ֮ǰҽʱ׼ȣ
ôһ˵ȫ˵ָԷһ
屾Ὥϣ
վõ˵ϣӦ֪֮ԼҽˣɱԼˣҼҽɱǿٱ
ԼҶƳʲôˣ񣬿ȥǸҰһѹţԴ˵𣿡
㻹˼ôҳȥҼƣôôأ
˼Ҷ˵˶֣ҿеٮٮߣֳ֣ݲñ˱ǿ
ʹ˳ªڵģȻͺܳª
ȲѾȥĸȲҼģԾͱˣҲǰ״˾ª
ϻһαôòܳɫˣ
޲øһơ
رǷһ䣬ȫȵʹǰѧԺ޵ľǱȡ
ŲԼķϲŮ硣
㣡ɫ÷࣬˫ֽҪץĳ嶯
СӾרԵģӽͷӵĶ翪ʼһû¡
ҵϣô䳰ǿ벻̣
֪ͷ彲ǾǶţ٣ָᱻһ١
һõĿŷȣ٣ܵҪܹˣ
ü漴̯̯֣Ҫܹ𣿿ҾҼ˵Ķʵ
ʦʱ򣬽ʦ㻹ȥ˲ð
ǿͬУͬϵȷʵ㲻
ߣҵϱоƻ򲡵ҩ裬Ϊ˽ܳĹףҲҽѧҩɾܸߡ
ʦȴֻ˼ҩϵĽûж٣ԱȵĽǺ㲻ҵá
ҵƣǿҪϣְҵҲǹɵġ
漴Це˵Ҳܹ㣬ϾССģڼΪɣһЩԼĶ
˳Ҳ󣬶㻹˵˱ȽҪһ㡣ЦŲ䡣
Ů̫ᵽʲôҪһǾУ
()

599.599 ⲻŰô

599 ⲻŰô
ڳļ˷׷ҪɵΪϵ
Ů˾ȻҪֵܶϣⲻŰô
ֵ춾ֵܿɴû
𿴷һ˹ĿŵľӢģʵǸ춾ĺڵĻ
֮Ǹܿأǳģϱǲ
ǣϲֻøʣԸĽ𣿡
ЦԸĽ˵ģнȻҲԽ񣬿ɶϲûнĳ˹֣㻹ָԣ
Ҽ˵ĶԣԸĽǶ˶µġͬĵͷ
ֵһһͣ˵Ľƿԡ
ֱҪˣôͻôûĶأ
һ㶼ǸˣһŴ̳ĸ׵Ѫͳ̫ˣ
̲סЦҷ׷׳ȥ
̧̧֣Ǹ˵˼ǼűͷֵĻЩЦ
ζĿ˿ϣСȰ㻹ǱپˣһǸ˵Ů󡣬ϾֻŻ()
()ԽϾͱȽϷУ֮Ů˻ֵܵİְ֣͵񶨣Ҳ̲ס䡣
ҲǸµʲô˵ǣҿǺ𣿡
ҲԼʲôȣпɱ()һ֪֮ûС
ǣһһڵһθоѿ⼸һȶûУ̫ˣ
ҶҸȫΧҲЩЦã⼸Сּ˼ҵ
ֻǽϸղŵ̬ȴе⣬ôҴҵģҪڸʲôһ
ô˵˼ҲҩʦǼģôԲ
Ҷ׼˵ԱߵҶͻȻ˵֣СĲ(qng)õˡ
ҶҲȥԲŲ()ȥ
ֻԭĿʧȥǵĶӣʱѾƽҰްĺɫҲȥ
æ첽˹ȥС㣬Ҷӵ(qng)ˣ
Ҷ()ϰ½룬ѾסˣڵϾѪҺͱ()ѪҺų⣬Գ˲֢
ҪƣܻбƵΣգʱס(qng)Ҳȫ()̱ļա
ĿŽϼ˵֪ʦǲ׼Ҫ񣿽ϾѪҺע壬Ʒ˭
Ů˵Ҫ׼һͻ·
()

600.600 ıְ

600 ıְ
ϱϼҵܣ⻰һ
漴ʣʲô֤ҵƷȨȥ̰
̰ȥ氡ҪҪҰϵʦѹַ˵˶֣һ㶼١
Ŀ()ƿҶ˵ҶƵ(qng)¼ֻҪöеҽܿڵľ͵ʱѵΣա
ҶҡҡͷûУȫڽʦ
ҲΪνϵƣϣǲ֣Ҳˣȴû뵽Ů˽¾ȻôƵġ
ôʹķ϶һˣһζǿ˵֪ûУ͹ˡ
һҶĲ(qng)תԱȸղŽ(qng)˵ҽȽϺͼŵĸҽǿĲһ㡣
ҶѾܲˣԽ˵뽭ʦҶӵĲ(qng)¼óɡ
һţֻû£Ҳû£
Ҷٵ(qng)ûе²(qng)¼ص
Ļ()Ϊ֪ҩʦƾȻ(qng)¼ʦˡΪ㲹һ·֪ʶΥ((co)co)˼׷Ҫεġ
ҵƷȽ⣬(qng)¼Ҳ(qng)пԭġϱ粵
úҶҽԺĸϵƼӦñ֮ǰݰɣ
鷳˹ݿ𣿾ͿҳǰʱݾУ½ʦ˵Ϊҵƣŵپѵģҿɸ𡣡ٸ̽ϡ
α鷳ԺǾͻᡣ֮ǰҽڵ
֣˼ǵҽˮƽƷŲɾݸûҵȥ˭
㣡ѪˣҽһҭȻôģϡ
ɫĮôż˵û
㣡ҽ̫˵ץص㣬ǿҶ˵Ҷ㿴أ
㲻ɾݣҲܳû޸¡
ҶȻѾˣֱն˲һԺĵ绰Դش⡣
Ҳҽβѣɫ̫Ȼ
Ͻľѹ£ɫõĿҶʣҶѾΪСүôãǲң
ıְȻôҪ˼ݣƲƲ졣
⻰ýֱˣýҪ鷳ˣ͵͵ն˸緢һϢ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

601.601 ô֪

601 ô֪
Ҷʶ㣬ҲݣûèŲˡ
ɫ䣬ʦҶ֮ǰΪ׹ϵһֱβţڲһݣѵΪԼӵļݶûʸ񿴣
ǲǲ㣬ҵ뷴£㲻ǿʲô˼أ
ǰԽ̬ȺãҪΪǶӵҽ÷ΣҶӶֽţ
ϼ̬ȼӲЩȻڨڨЦЦҶȻʸСүݣֻԺ̫鷳ˣҽˣҲϤ
ҶڵǸղҽζԴҵܵܵģѾˣǵҽǲţԻǵԺɡ
һ˷ĳ(i)ĵܵܣ()ϲģղŲ㶼һ뽫ѹŵܵǼĳ嶯
ϼ̬ôᶨֻܵҲûб˼Ǿ͵Ժɡ
һֱҪݵ֮ô͡
Ҷҵ()⣬ܿһҽԺԺʹһרҵҽ˽
ҶҶܣԺȺַ֣˷ȼˣһ㶽Ҳ׷ǰк
ҶԺ鷳˽µݣǿɡ
Ժͷã
漴ת()ȥͲҽԸҶǡ
ãҽ߹ȥ((co)co)
ʱ̨ʱȥǢѧϰģҶģһܱԺЦű֤
Ҷͷ鷳ˣ
Լʮӣҽһӡõ˹
ǰļݣмƵҲԶˡ
⻰ϺҽȻЩ⣬žǽð
м¼Ƶܣô֪
Ҷӹݿ˿Ȼ˻ȥ˼Щרҵҿæ¡
ҽͷݵݼʾ˵(qng)һֱڷرڵѪҺ궯һųѪܾʱܱѵΣա
˰ΪѪҺ궯ŴΣÿζѪܵ˶мӾ磬()ֹε״̬ǳΣ
ҽüͷ˵¾ݼƵķӦд(qng)ҽƵ
15~~
()

602.602 

602 
Ҷ縸ҽĻɫԼͬس˳
ڷŴΣҲǽһΣѹÿǹӵܵܣоȽƣ룬˵Ựͻ˯ȥ
ʲôƲɵģĵ⡣
Ҷᶨ˵鷳
ҽͷת()ߵԱ߿ʼ((co)co)˷ּƵĿλúأϼɫɲѿ˼֣ѹû֡
((co)co)ҽ۾ǹ˹ǹġ
ĸסԺһҽҽ̬Ȼرʱشʧ⣬ĸ׵ȥ
ʮֵʹҽԼҲҽѧԺܷѧϰĳɼһҽԺ
̨ȥѧϰǢģ֪ΪĸƵҽҪΪһⲡʹúʱһ֣ûи֪ԷмƵܡ
װú⽫Ƶش򿪣ⲢΥ棬ڶԲ˸
챻Ժݣ֪Ļˡ
ҽˮƽã°ܻҽͲˡ
ܿ죬ƵͶӰʽͶ˷˶Կ
ҽܶðս࣬˯߲Ҫƹ̶ˡ
صͣ˼ͷϡ
ҶŴη͸ղźƣʧȥǵҰһŽϹȻΪע()ҩ
ҩЧҶֹͣȴ˿°ĭȫ()鴤(qng)
ϺҽҲûйܣЩ֢״ʧҶ˯ȥ󣬲ûԱɾ
һҽһܵɫҩҶڡ
Ƕʧҩ((co)co)豸ҽ˵עҩ󣬲˽֮ǰʱļ䡣
ķҽǣſʣע()ҩʲôҪûк֢
ҪѧԺѧϰûѧҽһ飬Զҩ˽⡣
ҽصҩһǸ⻼ʹãҪʹļӰ콫ǰҪߺͼͬǩֲС
֮Ҫǩ֣ҲΪҩһЩ֢˵ܻˣ()ĳЩٿܻһЩ⣬ֻǲӰ
漴һת˵(qng)ʵǺʺʹҩϾʱ()(qng)Ͳ̫ãûг׸Σעҩ()ɺܴĸ֢϶עҪܶࡣ
()

603.603 ʲô飿

603 ʲô(qng)
ҽĽͺȴҲڳ˱˱
ҶҸӱȫģϼ˱ΪΥ((co)co)ˣﰵҽ̫¡
úõĵݾ͹ôûû˵ģҪ
ֻ(qng)Ҳ֪Ҫ˵ʲô粵ˣǷ׷װĬϣܽȥ
Ȼ׼Źǡ
ʦʹҩ˵ͬǩ𣿡
ȫûбҪע()ҩӰ쵽()Ľ״ΪʲôÿζҪע()أ
ѹҸղΪʱ֣ڻһЩҩɵĶ()ˣԭҽɵġ
ЦЦĿŽϣ²£ǸעʧҩӦòӰǵƵḶ́Ȼļ˰ɣ
⻰ýϼ΢΢˱Ϊȷʵġ
ѪˣСүͱȽСʱôʹ࣬ע()ҩҲϣӰѣû˼һҽ˵͡
ŮҲǸҵģʲô(qng)ôϲصҷǡ
ЦЦԼĽͿԼƭȥɣ뽫ɵϷŪأ
㣡ҽҪ˵Ҷжϣ㲻ٽˡ
űĲٿڡ
żƵƽҶҪ׺͸Ļ档
۾СҰ׿⣬Ҫ󶼱ֵҽžܾˡ
һʼҶҪ˻£˺岻סͻע()һ֧ҩҶͻɵ˯ȥ
ҶҸѾҪѹƲסŭˣǾܺۡ
ʲôҩҶҧгݵʡ
((co)co)豸ҽڻش𣺡ҩл˯Ч
ע()ĶˣҲк֢һ䡣
Ҷŷţ
Ƶһ棬ٴεΪҶע()ҩһҽĶԻ
ʦϾ޵ѪҺҶ˺ܴų⣬ҪôȥѪܻѣΣա
ٰһʱ䣬뵽ѹϾѪҺİ취
ʲô취ܴﵽѹЧ𣿡
ܣѾҶȥ̺()ϢĹŶˣʱùͿ԰ϾѪҺ궯ѹȥ
ķ᲻ʲô֢
ȻУҪҶָ߳ǳʲô֢ǾɵĲ֢޹أ𣿡
ˣ
()

604.604 浱ɵأ

604 浱ɵأ
ϺҽĶԻڷ(())
̺⣬ֻҪɵӶó
Ҳû뵽Իᱻ¼Ҫ֪϶˵¶
Ҷ˫ֽճȭԻҲȷһ㣬Ͽ϶֪()Ŷ()ɷ֮Լҵܵܵ()ҲɲС˺
Щֻǰ档
ҲֻҪܵƣƽĴһҽԺ߳ȥ
֮ܵҪ()ֳ⣬ǾͲˣֱ˦
Ƶûʲôرĵطظ֮ǰơ
ҶҸӻǳˣÿοҶʹ࣬űע()к֢ҩҪҧˡ
ƵԺɫѿˡ
ϲҽԺģʱ˵Υ((co)co)ˣɶҽԺҽһ˻Ρ
Ҳ֪ôģôҽΥ((co)co)ֱǷ
ҶۿϣҲżֺ⣬ϣҶӵƣ
ֻһ뷨군ˣ
ҲϣСүκãԲŲȡһЩֶΣҶ£
֯˼·Сүûǰ(qng)⣬ҵȻ;лһЩʹ࣬ȴҲܱ֤ԽԺ
ҶЦԺһͿʼָĲ֢ͺ֢ʱҲ޹ǰɣ
һҭȻСүҽĺ֢ҵȻḺģ˵ҲΣգѾѵƷ
ҲƹӦ֪Сү(qng)ҲǽֶӿҸұ֤ȫΪġ
Ҷһ˵ùûʵģƵĶԻһ㻹ǣ浱ɵأ
ҽ鷳㽫ݺͼƵһݸҡ
ҽûǺܴĿԺ
Ժ̬Ⱥ⣬ͷɡ
Ϊ֮ǰԼ˽ʦҽʦҽԺҽҲҴŶƹ̡
Ժһʹļ˵ҶǱǸû뵽ǻƣôΥ((co)co)ҽȫǵҽƶʣ߻
Ҳ׷εġҶܷŭȴҲûǨŭԺϾҶ̫Žɵġ
()

605.605 군ˣ

605 군ˣ
Ժ⻰˿ֻҪҶҲǨŭһҽԺͺá
ͬʱݺƵ֮ҲǷǳߵģûмôβġ
ȫֻҪƹвĸܺʹֱ࣬ҽ°ܻ
нϣλȽϺҩʦԭҲǸеˣ벻
ǵȻ((co)co)Υ棬ΥˣҶҪ׷ӦõġԺʾ֧֡
ҽоǲҽԺˣҪҶ׷Σһӿɾͻˡ
ǰսʦķԸģǴԸһҽΪԼ⡣
һҲǰⶼǽʦķԸǲǽҽȻҪҽİţľΪ
һ㶼λ߷䵽ǡ
ϱ˻ðǷ(ƨp)Сүע()ҩҶ֪£Ҳҡ
˵СүڣǾ취ע()ҩ㣬ٱ̽ôֱԼ֪ˣ
һҽŭޱȵ˵ҽ㲻Ͽȴʵ˵ɵӣûķԸǸ𣿡
ǰɲСүҽʦ㲻ͬǸôҪ˦ǣ룡
Ҳ˽ϵǮ϶ԷҶƵġ
ҩ(qng)ûи֪Ҳȷʵ˵ĻҲŸ
ôôΥ((co)co)ԴҶҵСү
Цǿʼҧˣ
Ϸ澫ʰǳʶˣǻ
˵ĻҲý˴ס˻Ҫʳ
Ҷе·񣬡˭ָʹ˭ģҲûãҶ׷ǵķΡ
ҶڿһƵʱնϵزţܿͻ˹ʲôǽ֣ٺ͹Ա˵ɡ
ҽһڣ군ˣ
Ҳɵĺ֮ǰôͻΪ˵ǱҺӽϵָʹأ
ںˣǱҶˣˣҶҵ(qng)òᱻǺޣʮ**ᱻǡ
ˣˣǽ(())˺ġ
ҲһƬհףԼ緢ϢʯˣҲ֪Էûǹˡ
Ҫһеﲻɵһ־֮С
һ»ûд꣬Сʱ~~
()

606.606 Գ

606 Գ
ҶΪСүĲ(qng)ã뵽ַ
ҧҧԼ侲Ҷٴν͡
ǿܶʱΥ((co)co)ҲΪ˸õư
ҶҲܲˡ
ΪҶӺãΪҶҵ棿
˵ϣһʼƷǼϣѾˡ
Ȼǽã¾Բôˡ
͸ȥְɣ漰Υ((co)co)ôеΣҲԲῴϹϢġ
𱦱һ÷ʲô
ڻȽǣûаʲôɫ
ֻΪκҶˣҶҪô𣿡
һ֣׵ĳ
ҶЦ˭ľǽ֣ⷢСӵҪ˽Ļٵ
ǼҵĹŶѾҵˡҲѯˮʦĶʱ()ϣ()˿ɲСķգȻҪôֱ޳ܣ
˺һȻû뵽Ҷһ֪()Ŷ(qng)
ʵҲûĴҪҶĿģҪľѸöԷݻָӶҶңõȵ档
ֻҪκҶҲܵõҶӣҶҸڲָ(r)ɴ
ȴû뵽(qng)չĺúõģͻȻʧ
ʲô͵̧ͷоޣһΪѾͷʲôġ
ҶѾͷβҲͲܷһֱص(qng)
һʱ͸ܵ˽ϵĿ⣬ʼ磺ʦô޵Ķʲô˼ԼµѵԳ𣿡
Ӱĸף뺦ҶСү㵽ʲôĿģ
㱳󵽵ʲô˻ʲôָʹأҲһЩص㡣
ȻҶ縸⻰˼
ֻһϣôĵӺ£
֪ôΪ𣿡Ҷһ㣬ʡ
ص֪Ҵûи߹Ҹ硣
漴Ц֪϶(yn)ġ
üҪƲ壿
ڶû˵ǲ£֮϶װ֪ĻܵõϵάƲ壬ñ󵽵ʲôأ
ллͺͶƱ~~
()

607.607 һֵ

607 һֵ
ϼ񶨽֪£ҶŰɡ
ܿ켸Ʒ߽˲Ҷӭȥ(qng)˵һ顣
˺ܸӣ֤ݿһݣȻѲβ˶ˡ
ҪƽϻǻһЩӵģȴȫݷ˵һߡ
()ϱŵҶҲˣͲڵĹɫ԰ףɵһͬ(qng)ģǿ
ﶼ׷ţģϾеٮٮ߰
Ȼ˱ˣҶҸӱŵŭ޷ƽϢ
û뵽Ϊ׵ΣȻöӵܵô
Ҷ翴ʣС㣬㿴Ҷӵ(qng)ˣ
ص()屾Щ飬Ų֪ʲôԭµѪҺҸоЩĳִųһȾɵġ
Ҳ˻ѪûãѾǱ()µѪҺһͻᱻȾ
ԭƣֻҪڵȾԴų⣬ָˣڱעϾ޵ѪҺųⷴӦͱȽ鷳ˡ
̾˿ȫǲҩϵı׼ƣò˲£Ͼҩʦֻҩʦûҽʦʸ֤ҲֻǷĸΡ
ҶҸĻԽϵķг̶һΡ
ǵʱû뵽Ů˸ҶĲҲ̫Žˡ
λȥԽúúõĲ飬Ҫ֪(qng)ǾԲĹԷ
žǶҽľҶʱ˿ռŷ籩˲ѪҺҲȾû뵽Ȼܿóˣ
ҶŵʣСҵܻܵо𣿡
ҲûţȻȽ鷳ڷֵʱ򻹲ڣһвȵĻᡣ
Ҫ죬Ͼ޵ѪҺȫѪҺһǾûˡΪһֵ
ȻҶҸ˿ͬʱԽϵֶ˼֣ŶԽҲ˲Ǩŭ
С㣬Ҫô𣿡ҶȽϵʡ
ҶҪùҽֶΣҩԡҩҽ鲻ҪҽԺţõ(qng)
ڵ()һҵ뷨ȥҵũסһʱ䣬ǱߵĿʳȽϺãҲʱտĲ(qng)
һתȻҪǲĵĻҲԽӻؼңҳչơ
õķȻȥũֻҶҸѡŲˣ
ȥ£ʱ15~~ôô
()

608.608 Ǻù

608 Ǻù
ҽǿϣҲԸһΡ
ҶЦ˵СҽǸũлүӶϲȥססҲ
ũסʱԶŶӵĲ(qng)ؼżһβҪǷͱȽ鷳ˡ
ͷҶȻңǵȥҵũɡ
ǼæչһҪȥѧԺϿΣû취չ˵
ҶЦ˵Ӧõģ㱾æô鷳չˡ
Ͼ˹ȥչˡ
˵ţ()ϵƺһ۾
СܣҶ縸˹ȥ
Ҷʮ꣬ɿȥȴֻʮһҵӣݵֻаƴС
ְָ磡ҶȦ˲ˣˣ
ղҺۺ۰ˣһȽϹɵҶ̲ס߿ࡣ
ηϵ˻ûüע()ʧҩǵʼʱʹࡣ
Ҷ̲ס§ŵܵܵļͷԺСܾͲôˣԣ
ǰԺƣͲôˡҶ۵նӵ֡
ӿռóһƵҩǵݸǣԺǾֻĺͳҩˡ
СǲҰ׵()壬(ͦͦ)ϧġ
ҶĿеǣСΪԵĶҪ飬ӪӪͣûԹ
ԿȴҶ
ҩǣȥ()кô
лҶֽӹƤιҶ԰ɣ
ţҶҩǳԽȥҩζ۷ζڸǣôûԹǵ۾һ
úóԣеίɢȥŹɿлл㣡
ԣ(ͦͦ)ϲ¹ɵĺӡ
Ҷ(qng)ҲȶˣȻЩηĿ˿ܣСʣְ֡磬ҿɲԲס
СҶ۲ѵʡ
Ҷͷ£ҲǸ̺壬ÿҺۺۣ
˵()ӻ˸Ҷһ顣
ŮβȻܵܺ³̫ɶˣ
ν֣һҪŮȵһƤ
סˣԺסˣҲټǸˣҶҲ۲ѵӵͷ
ǺģӺŶԽҲǨŭˣǺù
˼״̬̫ˣдһ£ʣµ1730~~~
()

609.609 ּһ

609 ּһ
ҶϢһᣬҶţһȥũ
𩼸Ȼٸȥ(r)֣ҽԺɢˡ
סҽԺҶԭµ(qng)ı䵭ƹµũһ¾ϲˡ
ְ֡磬Ժס𣿡ſҶıʡ
ȻˣԺùԹĽĻҶܵ(qng)״̬˲٣ܡ
ǰǶֻΪܵβȴĸܡ
ҶͷţһԹĽ㻰ġ
Ҷ()סɽķӣ״
ס˱һͷҶչס棬š
ٺҶ˯źҶ縸һµ
С㣬Ҫṩʲô㾡ܿڡҶ֮ǰûṩǱҺ͹ҩĸϣȻҲ
óֽдһ嵥˹ȥҪΪβҩģǰ׼һݾ͹Ϳʼҩԡ
ҵƲûʲôҪڵĵطÿƶչ˿ţҲᵥ¼ƳƵһݸǡ
ҿϰ߼¼ݺͲʱÿμ¼ŵ䣬ǹԿ
֮ǰϵ(qng)չҶҸӵĸܡ
Ȼô̹
ʵȻԸôһ£Щˡ
СİǺ⣬鷳ˣ
ҶЦż˵ҪȱǱһԴҩĵȣԸǡ
ڴ󷽵ĳŵˡ
ãҪһ֪ġͷҶҪѲٵľҶоȻѡ
һᣬҶҸ()뿪׼ٹҶҩԡ
ͷ彫͵ũſڡ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôѵҶܣǰ()ɷذøϿ촦ˣҪǴ()ϻ߷ڼ()˵ҲвСӰġ
ذҪôأҶЩ
룬ʶķˮʦæ¡
ǹ޻߻ޣ()ɷûȤ
ҶͷãлСѣ
Ϊϼһʡ
ų뿪ͷҲ˱
ź˾ͼСèӴ˽
֡
ԽɳſڣûĻ
ŲĳŲҪνˡ
()

610.610 û뵽Ҳô

610 û뵽Ҳô
״ˣèһľûУñʰ²С
˹ȥһššСèϵëɳֱӵϡ
Եĳûʸɳèߡ
𣡡Խëһʮģ
ǿ߹ѪСӣŲʲôèء
ҲСһ()ӺŤ󣬻Щקקģ첻Ƣּˣ÷Ҳá
ΪʲôèǽСǡ𡱣Ҫǻڵ϶ˡ
ΪоĶ()ıܶŸı䡣
ǰıèһЩҲй()˻Ұ޺ȫèķ롣
忴è˳ۣи(ƨp)һûУ
Խе˲ըë̫ˡ
𣡡ŭ()()Ļûжв
߹ȥ첻ƢˣͷҲһȦûٳ԰ɡ
èѾ()ʳСûȥʳûʦ˵ˡ
Խӣ˲Щŭɬ
ЦŽ֮ǰ׼ȻèЦž棬Ժ㣬ҹԹԴӦҾͰӳũȥ𡣡
ϲԱ޵˶ǣôʣҲһ()ˣһ䡣
ԭԽ()ӽ˽ɴ۾
һֱΪãû뵽Ҳô
Ҫֵת()뿪ũˣƵط˭(i)˭
ͷ˿ԼС()壬ֻн˻ȥ
£òͷ
ߺߣĽεſ
Ϊֻһζû˯ѣȴû취ˡ
ϴЦȴвԱߵɳ
ԽȥҧһڣŮ˾Ȼ潫ѱˡ
ԭ׼ᣬٴοڣҪҪ
Ƿ˵ģһǷʰ
һûԹأҪǽԸҹ۷⣬һʮģ
èģ뷨ֻҪͬ⣬ֻèᵽʳñ
ܵ˷Ķ⣬ԽеĴ˸̧ͷҲһ˼
ֻп((Ʊ))վ()ɳϣĻ˼ʮء
()

611.611 ôô

611 ôô
ѵè֮ѵվȡ
Խľˣһ뵽()Ϊ(i)Сӣ֪£ǵЦɣʱ޿
ɶָ࣬ˣҲѵߺߡ
èѵԣͷ()¥
¥󣬷Ƥļķ䣬Ի
Ҳˡ
ֻèǷʰɵƯٻֻèǼһһҪģ;ˬ
ʧЦҽҪ̽
̽ʲô˼ܾл
ʵ֮ǰʱɫЩ죬ǲ̫һֻèǸһ
ż¶ıưһǹСһĪľЩϤ
ǰ죬Ҹ緢Ϣң鵽׷ץǵǿܳѪСӣ׷ҵһλѪ߹ӡ
ղŷʱֿҲͻȻΪʲôϤˣ׷ǿ޵񡣡
ҾԣķӦȻִܵ
ȻЭˣȴоԹܴ󣬲һֻèеķӦ
֮ԷԽĲԾΪǻ꣬ĲС
ղѵԽʱʼ겨£ʮֵǿɲǱèеġ
循Ȳѣ˼ǣǿǸСӣôһֻèˣǿǿѪֻè
ǶԼŮȫŵģЩš
ֲֻ²⣬Ҿÿ()Լаٷ֮ʮʻǻ(ͦͦ)ߵġ
˵Ҹղʱ򣬷ھҩҲ²ǸӶˣҸ˵ǿǱ߲ӶŪȻ̳Ȩ
֮ǰûзԽڵҩҪڵĶûжûǿ
ҪǸèδǸϣھͲҩĴڣҲ²֮ԱèģӦþҩµġ
Ҹղѵ뿴ֵΡ
ҷǿֵȴúӦҩЧҲűߣѭѵԭ򡣡
ҪԽĻһĿɿڴĸ̾Ů˲ˣȻʲô׼ˣֱ̼̫ˣ
һȴþˣ§صһڣôô
()

612.612 һúá

612 һúá
ķݣ֮һţΪǳèʮ**ʲôСӡ
ѹҵһۼͲϲ(qng)ǵءߺһ
룬Ц飺ҪǳһҩӰ컹ڣɡ
Цİһۣ(ƨp)ˣǿ޾ˡ
СǿѪһλ̳ˣĳ(i)
()ҲӦʲôźű֮ģҪǿǱ߿϶֪
˳Ϣҹֱǻˡ
ǿˣǾûбҪߵĴս֪ж޹Ҫȥ
Ͼֿǿˣʱ·ء
Щźư죬Ҳԣ()ʱԲˣ
¥޾ſŵԽ˼磬˭
ôԴţýǿСɳòҲһţ((Ʊ))(qng)
Ц˵ҲֻˣŪģսú()ݡ
°ͣã
Ҫιһţ˵ʵѶҩ裬Щ˺Ǳŵ()ϸ
εҡҡͷͱˣ֮ǰ߼ǿޣǿޱȣʵҲܱҩƵġ
ҵʵǿ٣Ƴĵϣ˵ʵ
ǱèˣƲƲ졣
һѣʲôҸоڵҩĲ٣ҪָҪһʱ䣬Ǿͺúʱɡ
׷ܣ뽫ץȥǿоһúáġ
¥µԽٴδ˼磬ĪĴ˸ܾһɶ
ļǣ̫ˣ彾§һڡ
ˣ˭ôעһֻèĲԾһϢô
ѹܹѧҲһĸߡ
(ƨp)Цһۡ
ٺ٣(ƨp)ˣսҧ䣬ô㲻ϲ(ƨp)
ѲɣϲҺĸ
žͻ䱻ݺݵһѣ˻Ҫıɱװ
ЦЦĿ㲻˵(i)ôֱıɱˣ
彫ЦŴ˹ȥҾϲ(i)ң
ٴε͹һĺƤЦһţôߣҪϴ˯ˣ
ȻĳŲߵˣǿƳ˷š
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

613.613 ֻҪõϣͺ

613 ֻҪõϣͺ
뿪ն˸緢һϢѯʻú
ƾûþͻػˡ
úٵ۹һλȥˣóͳۣôֲС
ʣ֪Ҫʲôط𣿡
ˣúǳϲλһ룬ҵӶֱӾܾˡ
ƾ˵ҪõúֻнӵĲκòУҲֻ
óĲͬҽ滹ҪԳ
οϴδҴһҲϣܽβĻᣬٶദ¡
û⣬Ҹٵ۹Ϊɡ緢Ϣ̲ס˿ֻҪõϣͺãӦõġ
ҵʱһҽᣬȻӸҽѧıȽнܳ׵ˣǰٵ۹һ㣬ŽҽΪɹҲ˳ˡƾΪɡ
صðǸã
ԶôΪõĴͰš
ǵȻ˭ءƾֻ绤סãҲһֱŬ
˲ǿ˶ٵ۹ƿأĵȼҲһֱŬ
ϴҲʼ״̬
ڶһ磬һʺҶԵ͡
˵Ҷһ¥
Ľ㣡ҶЩк
Ц֣Ѿˣһԣ
Ҷ۾ллĽ㣡
߹ȥɵ£ϴûгԹʳʣĽ㣬ЩҶܳ𣿡
ǰԵĶӪϵҽרŶƵģ˵()(qng)⣬ܶණܳԡ
ȻϵСȣԣɻˡ
ҶЩŹӲܴʵ̫̫ˣȥǺܵ
ĵĳ԰ɣĲЩ()ġ
ҾͳˣҶ⻰ܸˡ
һ࣬۾úóԡ
ֳһˮ۾һܵģ
˷һСˮ
ǰǳԶӪͣʼʳҪһѭ򽥽Ḷ́ӵȡ
ҶȻδɻǺķ˿ӡ
Ľ㣬̫óˣЦź˵
ϲɵ꣬ϲԺлҶԡ
𣿡ҶǹЦ⣬Ľã
()

614.614 

614 
忴˵εûгԴס
Ӵ˱ƤʵĺӵܣҲȽϲҶɵġ
˵ҶҲֻʮֻ꣬ǸС꣬Ҳײ
㲻ʲôĽĹŵʱԭ˸óԣϿ쿵ͿƷˡЦ˵
֮ũߣҲΪʳ
Ҷеɫ£ܿԺһҪȡ
СĴʱҲҽԺȹģźһ͵ľûУϲʱ⡣
ֻǲ֪Ĳܲκãл᳢˵ԭ
Цʣ˯Ļ𣿡
Ҷͷܺãҹ˯õһˡ
ԴǸʦΪҽû˯һκþǻ˯ĺܡ
ǽһ˶ооˡ
ңõģЦļ
Ҷ΢ЦĽ㣡
𽭴ʦǸϲλΪβĽ㡣
׼ȷ˵ĽȽкøУԽʦȴܲϲ
ͣҶҸһũҪҩġ
ȴũһᣬҶʳһ¡
ũʲô棬ʱǣÿһĻҶҸӺᡣ
һȦȥũרŵҡ
ȸҶҩԡٽһģȶ()壬ڵЩȾһҩһ˵
ҶʣСҵܵڵϾѪҺôأ
ȻǲҽѪҺųΣգֳʶ˽ġ
ص֮ҩԡҪһĽڵϾѪҺų
Ҷ()̫ˣٽлѪֱӳѪ((co)co)ֻ䡣
ҶЦ˵(ͦͦ)õģСܵҲЩ
ƵķϿľ͸Ϊ룬Ҳʵںܲϣٿʹࡣ
úҩԡҶҶչݣһСʱųȻʩ롣
ãҶͷ
ֶҶ˵ҩԡһʼЩУϾ޵ѪҺëųͻеˣ۾һ̡
һ͵ģллĽѣҶϲϸĶоҽĹػ
ιȥҲû˹ʡ
ҶҸҲҽϣҶĲκá
7ͱ۴绰ѣһȥɽ~~~Ҿ£ʣµ20Ҽ~~Ӹ~~
()

615.615 鷳ʹ

615 鷳ʹ
ҶҶҩԡһʼȷʵдУȴܵķΧ
ҶʣСܣ𣿡
ҶԡͰ磬еܣ֮ǰֱС׼ס
Ҷ˿Ȼס
Ϊ˷ɢעҶҶ
ʮңԡͰˮı˵ɫҶƤҲһЩСѪ顣
ѪζҶֱϾ޵ѪҺ
ڸоôʡ
ҶЦŻص֮ǰҸоѪһֱ͵ܣȴ˺ܶࡣ
ͺãһСʱҶҶȥϴ£ȥڼ
ΪҶ˰ҩԡЧϾѪѾų֮һˣξȫŸɾȻͿԽһˡ
̫ˣҶʣСϾѪҺȫų֮ǰϴΪѪҺų۵ȥ𣿡
ǸӱȽϵĵһ㣬һξ͹ˣۣ
صһĵķʽΪѹڵϾѪҺͲˡ
漴ָָԱߵ()СȥţҰģ
ҶȥллĽ㣡
ûеܵãҶ(ͦͦ)ϲģ
Ȼ볯ż(Ѩxu)λȥ
Ҷ縸ӻǵһιۿģﾪȲѣЩ뾹Ȼβо档
Сʱȡ
ҶҲҶ縸ӷɫһЩٴθ̾ĵ档
СܣоôҶЦʡ
ҶЬվ()оδеɡ
ǰ·ѪҲ춼ʹܣȴȫûָоˡ
ҶͷɾͺãԺСĲһõģ
СӵҪ󲻸ߣֻϣܽĳɳɡ
Ʒọ̈̄Ҷ縸Ҳ׷ˣҶһ뿪ȥˡ
Ҷ߸ߣǱ߷ˡ
ɫżּУģҴǱߴ绰ѶϣȴͻȻȫ()°ĭֵٲϵĽͣȥæ
ǸŮ˿Ǹؼ֮һҩʦѶĻ鷳ʹˣ
Ҳ(qng)()ǿȥɡ
˸ϵ֣һʱͱܵ˴Ѷҡ
ʱ˷⣬żҽȵŲͣ鴤Ľϡ
()

616.616 ôܣ

616 ôܣ
Уҽϱֵ(qng)
ֵٴνͣѾˣ
Ч˵ʧ
ҽѾˣ֮׷վ
첽߹ȥΪϰ˰ͫףſϸ˿
Сأ˶Ѿˣô巣һҽŽϵ̲סü˵
ڵΪϿĹҽˣ
ҽ˵ҽһ¾ͷӦ˹
ܵͷ
ԭüͷҽͻȻɿüͷĿתضȫעΪϼ
֮ǰˣֻǲ̫ǲԲ֪ࡣ
ڼˣɵЩʵоƻҩĹףǻġ
Ҳ⿴ƶԲ˲صĶ
ļҽҲ׷׿̽ͬʱҲЩɻڸʲô
ϵѾּ״̬ѲɻܾȻˣͲܡ
ϸĿ˿Ͽ(qng)ȻһһѾҧƵĶҲ
֮ǰ˵ҽʣĴʦڿʲô
óûж⣬ΪʲôǼ𣿡
ˣͻȻ(qng)̫ŵҽʵص
֮ܺǰμѶˣԼͬɫѿ˼֡
ǿ϶ᱻǲǶԽϵѶ̫ˣǲʲôֶ̼εȡ
һ֪ҩʦ˴࣬ǿ϶ҪеΡ
ǵѶʵŸոտʼ˼⣬һ¾ˣûκδ̼ĻͶ
ҲѶһ(qng)
ɫÿȴ侲ʣĽأ
ιһŵҩһʩһ߻صԼɱģ
ʲô
ôܣǼҽŵ˵
ʩ룬֮ǰ˵ҽ鷳㽫ǻĲȡ飬ԺеӾĶء
Ҳһ֣Ǳ̼֮ļ󣡡
ֲһ䣬ΪνⶾԼʮͻ
()

617.617 ˣ

617 ˣ
ҽĻ췽ҹ̷ĸо
Ѿû˻ܾȻʮҾͲܡ
ɱ(qng)Ҳʡ
Ͽ˵ҩʦʲôɱĶأ˿ɾʲôûˡ
ҽ룬˵ˣ(to)óҽҩϵĿϸ
Ȼһ﷢˲Ȼȡ˳ݸһҽ
ﻯ顣
ã
β˻ܸ
ҽСĽϼҺ壬Ȼŵ
Ϊȴʩ
(qng)ǽԤıģŮֺͷܴȥ鷳
һʼҲЩ⽭ѡ񣬿ɿԷвŵĶҩͷ(qng)ûô򵥡
±Ӱԭ()ĸ׵(qng)νηɱԲ㡣
ôΪҪʲôҪĶַڹŵʱʿĸоҲ˵ϵ()ݹȻ⡣
ǴǸ濴Ů˶񶼵ý˾Ȼ
Ǳߺܿ컯ͳˡ
ﻹмӾĶأ󣬲Ͼɱġҽ̲ס
Ȼ󲻸ŵɵºȻ
ûȡûüȻ֪()δҲ̫˰ɣ
ĽҲ˾Щ˲š
ֻзֵܣжϺҽŲɡ
ˣʼҽù濴һ飬̲ס̾
ѹôоƻ򲡵ҩ裬ҽˡ
ǰԹҽǶһͿ۵뷨ȴȫˢ֪
ϣվ()ŷܣһҩȥ磬˽ϣĵһʱá
漴ǼҽԷζգգ۾
Ǹˣݹҩ˲䶮ˣҪڽѶ
⵹һʱҲӦǽϾ־ʱ
ãͷ
ʮһȻԭɫ෢ڵĽ۾
Ѿҩôֿʼʶˣ
ϻãڳȴɴ۾ˣʮѹˣ
()

618.618 кϷ

618 кϷ
ȽϳѣǼҽ߹ȥ顣
Ѿֵָ
찡̫˼ˣȻȻˣ
ҽѧϵ漣̫ˣ
ҽٴξ˾
˵ľ۾ҲĻָ
ʱѾͷô
ҪǣΪʲôֵָѵǶҩûãܰ
һ˼ҽСŻָҪϢһᡣ
û˵дϾղŽϿѾˣҪģ
ܳûڣ鷳λˣϾͽСȥϢĴʦʱͬλȻȥϢɡ
ҽԭ̽¸ղŵ(qng)ô˵Ҳֻܵͷã
Ĵʦлһҽҽ̲ס˵
Цð
Ӧʰ׼뿪
ϷӦܿ죬ż˿ڣҪߣǲҪߣѾͷҪҡ
Ҳ³ˣԼ϶ɵġ
֮ǰ¾ֻ˹ȴͻȻû֮ǰˡ
ղŶʱ༱һֻϢʶ·ʧоͺ¡
Ǹʱʵһֺںź
ڻܺʿֻá
ȴҲóѣѾͷôȴ϶Ҫʲô
ϵĻͷҽϵЦ¡
˵С㣬ղΣĴʦ˻ҪĻǾͲܳ־ˡ
Ի㲻ҪǿԵǲӻʧˡ
ⲻСǽ˼ҶСηϣɱģһԾѾͷб֢ɣ
ҽŽҲ¶˲ͬ
һҭȴ治ЩߣҲҪƣҪ¡
ͷҽüͷǸǿɲרҽҼȻĴʦƣҲٸ档
С㣬(qng)ܴ󣬻ǺúõľϢ°ɡ˵⼸ʹʹ
ͷ첽뿪
ϲ()֣ӻ⣬ǿɲ
ϼͷҲصˣҪˡ
ЦЦĿ㵹Ǵ֪кϷ()ݡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

619.619 ݰ

619 ݰ
ϴżֽŶ
Ҫʲô
ߵԶһ£ݰ
ʱ˽ҩ裬ǿиι¡
ϱҩȥٳȴڼҩѾ˶ӡ
ѾͷʲôҩҪȥıɱɫһ()˵
Ĵ˸Ƿ㣡
һҭõɴ۾
ʱͻȻһ黳ȻŽϲϵĻζʶҲŶԷϯ
ԭۺŭĽϣ⽥Ĵ
磬ԽѶˡЧԷ˵
ܵͷԸ˼¼ղĶЩʣεѶǷҩЧ𣿡
ЦŽͣǰϵľҲѶѵҩЧӰãҾͼ˵︨ߡ
ⷽϴȥ۹ǸʱõУǾһ黳ӵռ䱸á
û뵽ôˡ
Цŵͺã㿪ʼɡ
ţʣҪʲôҪģ˵ס
žͶԽ⡣
ʲô֣ͽʲôϵ
Ŀͣʶȴģ֪ҪԼʲôˡ
ôʣ뷨ǲش𣬿ȴܿơ
ϣ׸硣
ҸĸǲǺģ
ǣӰǵ·߸ǣֽϢ˳ȥ
㽫Ϣ͸˭ˣǿ𣿡
͵ٵ۹һºУǱ߻ٽϢݸǿˣȻ˽лɱ
üͷǿ⣬Ȼٵ۹
Ǻǿ˹᣿һֱǵİ̽ӣ
ǲǴϢǿ˳ְˣûкֱϵߺ
˼һתͻȻܵǿ޵ͻϮҲͳȥϢҪǿ£
ǣ·Ҳǵˣй¶Ϣǿ˵ġ
ô֪ĳ·
й¶ģ˭Ҳֻ֪Ϣݸٵ۹Ǳߡ
ٵ۹()ϸ
Ǻٵ۹ǸºֻϹϵͬ¼
Ϣ(qng)𣿡
ûв룬ȴ֪()ݲֱȥݣܱ¶
()

620.620 װ

620 װ
ô˵ֻٴС˽ñ
()ʲô֮
Ѿ߲ڲ϶ܱ¶ġ
ǵĿʲôأ
ǵĿֻΪռŵϼĴУԼ̽ǵĵ̣ռԴʯ͸мֵҩĵȡ
ŻǲĲ䣬ǿ¾£˵һЩ˽дնɱƻ
֯Ǳʲô֯ǵֱʹ˭
ϵֿǿɴҩЧȴǿ
ҧſڵǵ֯
Ҫ˵Ǹ֣֯ͻȻҽһ˫ʹıͷˤȥ
״()߹ȥʶҲڵһʱ̽鿴
ʹıͷС
Ҳ(qng)ʱʶɹ̽ڵľռ䡣
漴ɫ΢΢˱䡣
״ʣģǲǳʲôˣ
װ𣿡
֮ǰԼɱݺͻȻΪװģɿ(qng)ֲô¡
ҡҡͷװģǾ˰ʾ޷˵ֺ֯ҪϢͻɷɣɵӡ
̽뽭ϵʶŶԷ±ɵľ
ڽϻܳΪɵӡ
İϵļֹͣͷڵϱ۾˯ȥ
ɫޱȵ˵Ҳζñ󣬻һص֯ʹ֮ǰΪǿˣɿӲǡ
һʼ²ģҲǽñǿˣ⡣
֯ӦúغӴ󣬷Ҳû˿ǵڲԱ͸߲㣬һٺ۹ҲƵ(qng)
ǽˣֻһ
ܹԽ¾ʾĸ(qng)Ըɱ֯кܴǱڵΣհϵ֮ɫŨŨ
ǰȫ֮ǰһ㶼ûҪĴߺҩڽ()ϣڲôεĶ
ͷҷֶԽ¾ʾ˺ǿߺҩֶû취ѶľԶ
ʹѻ꣬Ϊ޷ǵ˽ºúõĲһص֯ӽ()ʲ̫ණˡ
㣬ˡǸŮ˻ûеõӦ̫
17~~~
()

621.621 ҵ

621 ҵ
Ҳ֪Խ󲻳ˡ
ãһԸ˿ġ
˵֮ǰֶҩɱȻҽ˾˻ȴڣľ()ʻᱻʳ䡣
ƤҲӰ죬˵֮ģ֢С(qng)ǲùܡ
ǹûΪųڶصģŮҲƷжζԼ̽ȥɵġ
ҲΪ̫˽ˣãк֢Ҳҵġ
ŶԷ˵ҹȻ()ϸһүүְ˵ġ
üͷҲ֪˭ɵģ˽²ȴûصû湻
صҲץ֪ϴı·ľôˣص֪ˡо⡣
ͷУ¾鷳ˡ
ϢҸ㣡ĵܵܵļ
һҪ˾ܵܲǲʱʹɲҶСɡ
нϱ֯ҲһҪڳ
ͷҲûһųũ
ҸǱ߲鵽˻úϢҪȥٵ۹һ˲У֯һҽᣬȻҹȥ
ͷŷ˵ԭһѧڽȥһ֯Ҹ罫ʱǰɡƳҩ㾫ҲܸĻָ
ȻԷʱָľҩսȴ޷ģܵȼҲͣͲǰ
ֻҪָƵʵĵҩܵȼܿȥϾʱûڶ
ȻСӺᣬȴҲᲵĺ⣬ãʱһԳһȥ
ϣ͸緢Ϣ
ƾЧʲһĸߣڶһͶ۹ҽȽϳҽ˽뺯
ͬʱ۹̫Ӻ̫ԵӲμӡ
ƾҲͶü棬Լ÷
ֻܲİȫ⽻Ҳһ֣Ǳߵ뺯յġ
һʱͷϵˡ
ʱ磬һճ緹
磬£Ƶ绰ʡ
ܽ뺯(qng)˵һ飬ٵ۹̫ͻȻˣһ׼ûУβֵֻܣ֪û⡣
()

622.622 ҲǸĺڵ

622 ҲǸĺڵ
Ƿ̫Уʵ콭ϸսǴϢȥǸٵ۹Ǳߵĺʱ
յ룬ŻЩɹ
£ǸСЧʣǹİ
ٵ۹ҽҩǰҲ֯ٵĽᣬӦûʲô⡣
ٵ۹ɭݣٵ۹ȴҩĺҩصڹѿӴҩԴǱߵ˱Ƚóֲ
һĻҲԼܶˣϾǹٷģٻҪ
ĽỹǱȽ϶ģҪȥȥĻ֤߳ȥѧԺ١ܿƵڷԱߵʡ
ԭ¾ͱȽϽ׸°ѱϴ(r)¼ǸҪҺ㹻ɡ
Цŵͷȥģ鷳ˣ
ʱܣֻܲѧֳһЩʵʵ((co)co)׼¡ܰĽ
ףã
Ƶ֣ٵ۹ĻʵҲ̫˰ɡ
дЦҸ磬ȥٵ۹ȻͿˡ
˰ģʲôٵ۹ʵۣԺҲ磡
һĴ׶ԣǹˣ
ЩίСԼĵλ治͡
ô룬ȴûб¶ǣȥٵ۹֮ǵúúõĺ۸Զٷ
۸硱ҧأȻǸ磬ҲͲϵˡ
̳ӣԲԶſŵԽԱߵɳ
ԴӲ²ⲻСĴġèǿ޵СӺϿҲŹ
Ƥӵ¶Ųŷġ
Խ֪Լ¶ˣһ(qng)Ըվ()ɳ
һһë׵Դ˵
³()ݣҲûбè
ԽͷĿڣ𣡡
һ£һֻèӦèеӡ
𣡡Խ˲ըëֲèǿ߹ӣŮ˾ѧµ޽У
üҲУͱˣ
ʲôʱĽˣʲôʱԷ׷ɱˣɲ
Խɴ۾ǰôûŮ˺ǸһҲǸĺģȻҪ˿Ļʳ
ӣŲҪУǸĽͷൽһߡ
()

623.623 ҿӲ

623 ҿӲ
Ҳûָ߰ļһôȴҪʼԷһЩʶ
У˯ûԡ
ȻԷ˵ɣȥ˯
ЦŰڰ֣ţȥɡ
¥󣬷忴ûɵèֻЦǻã
һҺĽϾǾǾԵŰ
ϿϷ
Խ̧צӹȥһ뵽ֵ⣬ûſţ񶼲һ
Ҳƽϣ˱Լᡣ
ڷ߳ԣ˺ü()ˡ
ϯԾĲ䷹
Ҳ˼԰ʳ֪ϲռֲӣ˾ͷԸȥæռһоͻ
˵汻ҵ˼֣ƵҩҪҩݣʱ䷹Ҳһֻ۱һֻˡ
()˺ܶ࣬žرĿ()
һԷŲոãҲԵò˸㡣
⽫èһŹԽųͲˡ
߳ԵĻ죬оӶԽֻվڲԶ۰Ͱ͵Ŀš
ҲͼҪȴֱĿˡ
һͬģԽһ
Ů˲Žʱ(ͦͦ)ģóԺúȵĹţ̬ҲȽº͡
䵭˲ٲ˵Ȼô˵Ĳԡ
ƮĿ()ζ̲סʿˮӶùС
Ȼ()ޣɱһֻޣÿ춼Ҫʳ㹻ʳĵͻϡ
ũʱܷſƤԣҲθĸ
𣡡ܣ̲ס
˵ȻũʳõĻʳóʦĺãɳô໹Ůζá
һ()ŵ˹ĳţƳèúýУԡ
𣡡Խˣ׹ĵǲѧèС
ЦЦǰɣҿӲá
һûпռܣ޷Яʳֺܿ죬Ͳһֱš
ЦǸ
ǰ÷ģèΪùȥأ
Խצˣ˰
˵̫ɺˣÿζָ壬һҪúõѾûоܵļһһ١
ϯ忴˿ŭСèԼֻǿϷķ壬Щ˵һ()𣿿Ͱ͵ģ԰ɡ
()

624.624 ôи

624 ôи()
ֵܺôûèж
ϹͣҼѵèأһǳǷʰ
ò״ɲŹˡ
ϯ巭˸ۣôСأɡ
ʲôʱô(i)ˣ̧ͷü
ϯû(i)ģǿСģ(ͦͦ)ġ
ԽǸư()ӣɲҪ˭ͬ(qng)
Ҫǣϵ()ɴ붼һˣɼŵġ
˼ԣǼ()һ˳ء
𣡡װͰ͵Ķϯһµģ
ϯ˳ǣèôи()
ԲϷˣ˵Լèһֹۣһ
ܿ죬һӵĲһɨ⣬Խ۾ˣЩһ治㡣
ܻһèԽ(to)ţȻһֻǣһֻŲԸ⶯èȥɢʳ
Խèˣ()ȴˣܣֻܲ(qng)ԸԾˡ
ŲͶߣеһܸ߳УҪڣһЩԼ˶ˡ
ȥ󣬷彫èﵽèȥķ䡣
Ű취ĥСӣЦŵʣСԺǺ㣡
ƲƲ죬У˭
СҲûʲô˲ģǿǱߵ˵һСء()Ҳ͡
ʧЦУҲǸ߹Сӣɪ
ЦСӣҲСأһɪ
˵ҪⲻΪֵһ䡣
üǹ˽ء
ٺ٣˳˳һڣǷʰ
˵ôͻȻҪôʰˣЩʡ
ʵصǱĬ£һֻèҳʶԺͻһֱܵķӦ±ʰ
Ͼ()ݣɱˣָ֮϶ܻǿȥԺǣǱʶͲˡһ򶼱ȽϲΪ̵档
ȻһֻѪ߹СӣͨǱĬȻǲеģÿζԽʱ򣬶һЩʶȥӰľռ䡣
ҲҩӰ죬ûǰôУҲȽӰ죬򻻳ɳ״̬ʱְ취붼϶ʧܡ
ȻЩⲻˣǱʶôڶԼϱһţͷ취ã
1930~~
()

625.625 ߽Կ

625 ߽Կ
ҪԽǾͲ(qng)
ڶ쿴ſèСޣȥһٷʢͣλһꡣ
Խйûжȴһ飬ӹĽš
³һٷʢ緹ֻѳԣ÷彫ϯһ˹
˵ЦĳţζԽǼ⣬Ʋѡ
ǸŮ˵Ǻݰ˵ԾͲ
֮ǰڵѾĵòˣڶĻš
ıС֮Ͷ츳Ҳűûˡ
̧ͷ˿ϿҪĲˣһ()ۡ
ȥϿΣԽ͵͵ﵽҳԵģȴʲôûУƲˡ
漴Ųоͽ£ȥҵԵİɡ
ȴֱĴӺȫˣûָƺ֤ͫҲ򲻿
ֻܰſڵϣСǵһα
ǿ޵θڱȽϴרŵӪʦὫҪӪʳƳӪЯ˵һƿԹһ졣
ǰӪζǲмȴ̲סˡ
ֱһֻȣŷһȥ¥Ĵ̨Ͽ()
ˢ˷ۣϸֵϣζһƮ˺Զ
ﻹſŵԽ̲סζŶý()ӣ˶¥̨
ϵĿȣŸŨζ۾ˡ
ԽõӴϸһ飬Ƥ۵()ŵ
𣿡ӶԽ˻Ρ
Խ޲һצӹȥйĽӴ򷭣ȴ()壬
ѧ˼èУͻȻú߳ܣȻΪһڳԵģѧèˣö
ҲǺöҪˣ
ɳϿɹӼ۸ߣΪ()ʣ߽Կף
ֻһ뷨Ҫ()һֻȣ
ԽסѧèУȾһЦ⣬ӰȻû׷ѡ
ӵ˹ȥ԰ɣ
Խһ¾;Ƚ˾ܹȥһڽ()ʡ
̲סδйУô()Ϊʲôôó԰
һ飬Ϊ˺üŵ˳ͷԣ
Խ()һʲô
ǳè()ݣĬǸԡ֣ͷٵĳ()
еЦһԽë׵ԴһʶӰľռ䡣
()

626.626 ЩԾ

626 ЩԾ
ֻιèˡ
ģ㶼ûôΪҷء
ûЦ˵(ƨp)ǰûڣÿҪﶼҽۻ۵ģ˼˵⻰
һҭԭͷԽȻ̧ӵĿһۣ͸ˬˡ
Ӻ͵ӹ(i)ģҲ˰죬ɡ
УЦĵͷ
˵һλãŵ()еĲǿľǻûпġ
ԽܲˬĶл
ʵܲˣֱڿʣµ˵Ȼŵһȥԡ
Ǹ忾ȥ()Ҫȫˣ˼ֱðݣѹǿǱ߻ᷢɱһ
ָ˾ȥӣߺߣ
һһ޻࿴˳۵ߣεЦЦ
ԽʮֵʶȤȻѾѧһèУϰһأ֮ѧŽмΣѾνˡ
ֱ֮ʰΣЩˣøҲù䷴
һһܾôȥÿ϶ʱһũΪҶβ
ЧҲǺģĩũһҩԡҶϾѪҺȫ˳
Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
ֽƳר()壬ԼѹȾԴĵҩ
Ҫȥٵ۹μӽҶҲҪһʱ()壬ܼһ׶εơ
ҶҸӼÿ춼ũҶ
һתɫˣ˶һ㣬ž࣬˶ܸˡ
Ҳٵ۹ҽѧᣬôʱӶἫȥ
죬꣬¥ͼڿķչƵ绰
ģҴǱѾȷ˳ʱ䣬ʮ㡣
߹ȥϰ()İһ𣬡ã
ǵļѾѧԺˣη廹Գӳ()ݸȥ
ǽŵĸˣǴҽҩ˾ȥġ
ǵģβֻҽӦҵʿҪ󣬽˹ģ
ҩʦҩ˾Ĵǰһμӡ
ԽҲһߡѾ֪СӵĲϢ
循£ȥ
˵ҾèЩԾԵȫֻèһ
ʱԽܳȥˣ˲ڿۡ
()

627.627 С

627 С
ԽʲôԹԵȥ
żʹȻҲܵõӦܲϰߡ
Цŵܷ㣬Ҳ
չȥ˲ǵȻôҪǱˣô㣿
˵ģƿҪҵͷҷҩЧԽԽСˣ˵ò˶ָܻ
һ϶ڵȴָԤҩЧԼҵʱʧ޷û˹ܣԻǵýƤӵ¿š͡
üͷèȻҪָˣ()ȷʵĵ㡣
Ǽһ۶ʲôƻô죿ǲǷʤֲǸһ
ٵ۹ȥҲʱİèǱߣǸСȥͷ۰ɡ
ƾҪ֪÷Լǵýһٲɡ
˵⻰ҶǱҶҸ˽
Ľ㣡ЦŹɵк
ҶҸҲͬʱ˴к
Ϊ˵˲裬Сǹе(qng)˵¡
ҶЦŵҪ˵ȥٵ۹μӽ(qng)ɡ
ͷǰһȥü죬Ҷ()Ҫ()ҩѾˣǿԽӻȥס졣
ãͷ̫̫ҲˣҲŽȥסءҶЦ
˼䣬忪ʣҶ壬ҵ(qng)ǲΣҸѶʳ˽ϱʲôֻô˵
ˣǴγ(qng)ǻûиĽء
ܹѶҩ裬Ȼǲȥġ
ҶϵЦ˼֣ι˽С⣬Ҳ˵˵¡
ѰϾ(qng)ǽй¶ȥģϾ޵λҲṩǵģûйǿˣ鲻Ҳû֤ݡ
˶ټ˵֮ǰΪС(qng)ʹûг֪£ȴֽԼ()ϣϴ̬ȱȽϺá
ζʣҶǲ׼׷ȥ𣿡
Ҷҡҡͷż⣺ûУԽʵԽ˾÷
ӽϽֺ˴󣬵õͷӦõģûжκιϵ
ǿã˾ˣҲᾡӪȣȴĲܲˣǰϴ̬ú㡣
Ҿ룬һʲô£ǲҲǸˡ
̾˿ԭ÷֮ǰĺӡȫıˣڳ⣬Ǿ
¼Ӹ꣬ллͺͶƱףôô~~
()

628.628 ׼

628 ׼
кܴ⣬ҲܺҶֱ˵
ʵ֤ݲǵĿѾǽǸ֯
ʣҶú(qng)𣿡
Ҷ̾˿̫ˣҲŻᵣһ㡣ÿȴһ()ӣҪһ챻˺ܲˡ
ҹùõ׷ҲŪ۶ҵģЩ޶(i)ģ·ޡ
ҶԹùĸŮҲĺܺãҲǿڹùõķϲŲܽϵģϾƽùúС
ùõЩֶӺܺãϣԹùĵġ
Ļ˵ҴӰ֪һ£ͽйأ׼ȷ˵ùһҶйء
ֻҶ£ҶҲһ˵ĲԤУԼͬʣʲô£
Сʵ֪Ҷ(i)ãȲ֪
ͷ֮ǰֱƵ֪ûпҼҵӰһҰֽףǽϵãʵȴǽӰ˽ӡ
͸¶ȥûʲôϾӰǵƿ¡
Ҫͬ()ΪŮˣĺὭ˹İ࣬(i)(i)Ůʵȴ˽ӣЩһء
ҶҸӵӣȻѾΪҶ(qng)ϲˣȴҲΪܻһɷøס
ҪһͻȻعҶĹùúͱ˺
ڵ֪ʲôˣ˷⣬ҶҵĺĻҲӦò͸¶Է֪
һعˣҶҵҲһ׼
ʲôҶҸӷ׷׾һֲš
ｭûκκôǾͿˡ
Ҷȫ()ˣǸˣ
ҶҲˣǸ׻ڶɣĻұС׵Ļǻڳģ
һ˿룬᲻Ӱʳ
ù(i)ô꣬Ϊô(qng)ľȻĽ
˵ùÿܽܲˣЩܲˡ
Ҳǵ(qng)̾˿˵һֹż˵طѶģ˵ѵĿ()Ϊ㣬ǻ׼ɡ
()

629.629 ǵһ

629 ǵһ
һԱ(qng)ģҲ֪ǱȽѽܡ
Ȼƾ޾ֻΪӰĿڹ֤ǽ׵ĸס
ﻹϴΪĸӼµͷҪҿṩ
ӰͽĸӶǼҵˣṩ˵ͷȣûд˷ɡ
ҶȻЩѽܣȴܼᶨ˵ҪСṩ
ҪŪĻӼ˵ѡ
ӿռóһƿӵݸǽ׵ͷ
ܺҼҵҰ֣ս׵Ϳڻڳ죬Ʒɼܵӡ
˶ٵһγ죬ҲпΡΣǸӹϵǻԲûĳ(qng)
콭˵ĿģصҪѰҹżĴк͵̡
ܹΪҪҵĴгԼ˵ҲΪżĴУŪЩʲô˽ӵ(qng)
ôѣһҶӣҲǲϣͥ
ҶҸɫֳģǶԽ
Ҫ(qng)ڣ˵ҶǧҪӰ첻٣õҸҲҪű١
ѵһСӲȻȥһҸ˽ӣ(qng)Կ
̫ˣֱ̫ˣ(qng)ʵĻǾԲԭ¡
Ҷָãһȥúòһġ
ѣȽϽƻ˵ʲôˣҶǲʱСĵ㣬ñ֣Ȼݾˡ
ҶͷãҲôġ
׼ҵһ¥ȥ飬Чֲý֡
(qng)ʵҸʲô취Լ÷ֲУߡ
꣬ҶҸӸ׼뿪𩼸ũ
һţͼߵǰС̫ţˣһû˭ǵһ
һ±ȵĿʲô
ѵǱȥμҽѧ᣿Ҳԣջ()ӣ(qng)ô
ͳһ򿪴浹ЩڻС˵
һ֪ˣ㷢ˣ
ǰϳ˱ȽҪҪˣȴǿ˵Ƥ
ֹ̧ȻһСƤʱʱܾ()Ϸһ⣬ȻҸо()£Ҿʹ򿪽֮ǰķȼճɺڻңҲ¿϶ķҵһ١
ֻˣȥʣµ18-19~~ҪԺĳ0֮İɣҰһ¾Ҫӵڶεĸʱ䣬0֮ӦþͿһϷ꣬ҵڶһҲܿˣߺ~~~
()

630.630 ˭Ҫ

630 ˭Ҫ
ԭҪ뿪ҶҸĻͣסҪ()Ķ
ӹ˿ȷʵѾˡ
СҲ̫ˣֵܵԾײЩ˺ˣЧᡣ
ЦЦǹŵʱڵһַҪҲǵֱаõġ
ֻԷ⣬ײǿҲƣҪǱ弶ϵ߹ûôЧˡʵ˵
ֱ֮ܵаҪΪģЧصȼϡ
ͷԭҲţˣ
ҪûŷȻڻ϶Ҳ˵ġ
̾˿Աߵ²ˡ
ʱʻλñεĳ̶ȸ󣬰(qng)Ӧûء
ȥҽԺʱҽûʲô˻п˼顣
οֻҪ˻žͺá
Сٰһһŷɣ֣ȿȣȻҪܶ໭ž͸ˡ
֮ǰҲΪϲǸ;úҪķʵûбϣû뵽Чôˡ
ôҪ׼Ŵ()ϣҪܰŶ໭ţ͸ͷ̫̫
û˵ԱߵĽŵʲôܶ໭žͺˣ㣬ô죿
֮ǰԷ⣬û
˵Ǽ˾ͼæ˹ȥֳֻһﻹܻĺܲҡ
̲סִһ绰ȥ꿣Է˵Դķ󣬹ȻЩ()ëʧˣҲٵùķС⡣
ŲɵЧţ档
ڻȥҽԺ꣬(qng)͸ũҲ̲סˡ
ֱܹаķ˭Ҫ˭ܱ֤Լᷢأ
һۣûǸ硣
С㿴أʡ
һȥٵ۹ַʲô⣬Ҫһŷ()Ϸġ
ʧЦַҲûãصЧģһž͹ˣٰﻭһŰɡ
Сأһģ
ȵûпڣĿеĹʴҲҪ
ҶҲҪĳ嶯ϵ츳һ㣬Ҫһŷ()(ͦͦ)õġ
ȻǵɫЦУзݣ
()

631.631 ָ

631 ָ
ֻ()ڷ򵥵ͼģķѵҲ̫ࡣ
óʣÿ˰ǻһţýװá
СĵĽӹŵ·߿ӵĿڴ
忴ԼôҿĻһСʱ˵ɻû˵(qng)ࡣ
ʵҲһţΪһŸõģԼŮˡ
һۣΪ˭һˮ¥̨ȵأվ˵ۣ
ǣ˭Ůء彾̧̧°͡
ģ
˲䲻˵ȥҸŮһ㡣
ҶҸӶõ˷ﻹڵŽ(qng)()Ҷǡ
ߺ󣬻°͸̾ҿҶɫ˺ܶ࣬Сҽѹôܱȥμҽᡣ
ͬĵͷǰҿ˿ССģҲӦ콻ϣСˣΪء
ҲմƻҩĹ⡣ǫЦЦ
ڰ֣ʵ
һᣬóһרʢҩĵĺӵݸ
Сзֵҩģ˵ûУҵ˵в()ĹЧҲ֪ǲģ㿴Ҫ𣿡
ղŵķ꣬ûҪ
ԭǾͱȽϲ֮ҽͷʲô̫ˣҲ뽫ϵøȹ̣δ
Ҳ֪ϲʲôһֱռֲҩĺӣǾͽϴҩĴˡ
ӹӴ򿪿˿۵¶һ˿ȣû뵽Ȼһζݡ
Ȼ˵һξ룬Ƚҩռ׼úбҪ
ҩĺϡԼȥңһҵء
ҩȷʵǿ()ãЧֻһ㡣
˶˵ҪõһֵҩҪζҩݡ
õǾ̫ˣԭǴġЦŵ
ЦŽҩݷŵҾͲˣ
óһƿݸǿ()岹ãЧҩݺãˣ
ҩݵļֵ˵ǳߣһŷԶԶ
۾һҲЦŽӹ(qng)ãҼүǰʱ仹߶үүԽԽˣǳƵҩ裬Ҫûȥָˡ
˼ƸүүҩҲ˼Ҫֻ۰Ͱ͵Ľ̫ͣϲˣ
20~~
()

632.632 

632 (r)
ЦеĽ𩿴(r)
֮ǰүӿҲû߶ҩ裬˵үүлүүʱҪȥȦҫ
˵ľȷʵǰźã()ӲʣЩͷʮĽ
ү߶Ϳʼ۹⣬ͷôϱžû£һϱûС
ͷʵˡ
ȻҲҪһƿ׸Լͷ̫̫𩻹ǱȽʶȤģһֱҪ
˼ҲǷ
ȻôϲҩݣҲȥúõռ£ʱһҩҲˡ
С´Ҳҩݡʱǿ
Цðҩ⣬ҩҲԡ
ڲݵҩݣѾժò࣬Ҫҵ̫ѡ
ȴӴݣģҲ˷Դ
ãû⣡һokơ
һ뿪ˣ
ղſҲҪ裬Ǹ̻
û۵뷨ʡ
ЦŻصòѣֻҪҩҪߣũҩĳɱźĻɱ̫߲㡣
Ժ򣬴һЩҩĳǿԿǴģ
ȻСΧۣũҩĿԹӦϡһ䡣
׼򣬼۸һĸߣ䷽繫˾Ȼõһֳɣٽũҩһۣһ롣
Ҫݸߵ˲Ρ֥ҩģļ۸ߵףɱһߣһҩۣǷүү()ݳҲԲⲻĳԡ
Ҳ๺򼸸ֲԭ֮һ
ȵԴүүлүӷ󣬾вүӺ̫̫ǵ̽ҪǿԵĻͿһר衣
ֻкܴгҲ˾ģչȡ
ͷҰ䷽㣬ҩҲԴũǰֻÿС
Цŵã
ˣвҩѾͶ뵽гǳĺãҲܻ𱬡
ҽҩ˾֮ǰѾȫһգڼӼƵڶķֳҲ˳ȸ㣿ǵȵڶһ
()

633.633 ǿ

633 ǿ
ԹҩӦòȴû뵽ô𱬡
Ҳпǹдԭòһҩ(r)ȡ
ҩкһ֧ԹΪũҩģЧǰûٲ
Ϊûвҩ࣬гȫǿհ׵ģѹô𱬡
Ҳ׬һʣǳԴ(qng)ܲ
ȷŰɣҿʵ֮Ҷá
Ȳµôѡ񣬡УǾȷš
ǱҲϢ⼸ǢƵٵ۹ͻ׼ȷ𸴡
˶˵̸ףǱǱҲĻȴҽҩҩ˾Ԥֳ֧ɡ
ʵ򣬶Ƿ˵ʲô⣬ԼҵܵͣҪҲǿ
ȻҪ͵ģôǰԤ֧ҲǸİ취
ڷȵ⣬¶ů⣬ð
˶磬빺ļҶѺҩ˾ܽרҵ˺ʦ𣿡ð뷨
㶣ҪչļҵĹ˾Ȼˣ֮ǰȴҲļҴŲòʲȥȻǿտӣֹ϶ǿġ
漴ҩ˾ĸ׵Ѫת϶ġ
˾ӪƻҲŤΪӯġ
֮Ҫļҵҩ˾һΪΪԭ()ջԼĶ˷ĸ׵Ѫǹ˾豸Ƚȫ˾չıȽϳ죬Ҳֱã½һ˾Ҫʡºܶࡣ
ȵͷгͺãֱӽҰȥɡ
ǧҿǽһˡ䡣
ԭܲ鷳ǾͲ鷳ô˵ҲþܾðɣǾҿˡ
Ҫҩҽҩ˾𣿡ʡ
Ļҩ˾Ҫˣǰ䷽ҲͲˣԼĹ˾á
ЦҡͷҲ׼ҩҽҩ˾׼һױƷ˾רųۻƷױƷȡ
ֲҩĵֲſױƷ˾ڲģŮ()ѹСġ
䷽޴̼õȻƷʹЧܺãҲϣŮ()ʹõ
ҩһˮ̫Ǻͷãûк˾Ĵ뷨
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

634.634 ۹ô

634 ۹ô
ȾȲѡ
㻹令ƷױƷ
ͷ̫ӵĲᣬһܵȻ֣ҲӦò
϶ʲôȱȱȻƷһõͷо͡
ںܶණӼȻĶ¼۸ߣȴ׷
˽˹һ۸񲻵ͻҪԤԼŶӣԤԼǸʱε绰ܱ򱬣ʵ̫ˡ
ϱ˿͸ÿΪѾˣû뵽ֳֻһ棬Լҵܵܵ۹ôã
ЦŵͷҲôġ
֮ǰһ(to)Ʒ͸ԾգԷ˵ǳϲ
ֲֲԽ࣬ħյҲԽ࣬ŻԽԽǿ
ħٱǿˣļӳЧҲǿΪܾ졣
Ҳֻڹ򼸸򣬽һֱ
ߵʱ䷽ҲԸũߣԶҪҩĹȥ
ҩֻҪҩˣĶ䷽Ҫʹþڻ
ƵҩͲͬˣҪ۳ڻʶѿػĴСҲ˵ҩ䷽óȥҲûó
ڶ죬ˣȻרǼʷɴǰٵ۹
ͬһʱ䣬诺Ҳһ۹Ǽʷɴ
ǼʷɴϣֻҽȽϳҽ֪ҩʦԼҩҽҩ˾ĸˡ
βֻˣһҩ˾½Ʒ嶼ˡ
֮ǰ½Ʒ()()½ƷĶүүһҲݹϵ
ϷɴΧŵ½Ʒ֡
С
ԭΧеԼ½Ʒ·¶ЦݶȲѡ
û뵽½Ʒ֮Ĺϵôá
ŷһ˹ȥ½Ʒλ£½壡
½ƷǸĺΧ˵λҺСлġ
Ȼ᲻ʶȤļţ׷Цŵͷɢˡ
½æЦŵ
½Ʒ¶֮ɫ˾ҪӦ꣬û취
漴ЦЦĵвҴʵҩһλҩʦĳɹղɢȥľкüˡҪ֪ҩʦ㣬ұ֤ܿҸղŵĴˡ
()

635.635 㻹˼

635 㻹˼
ԴӸƳ˸ҩ֮ǹ˾ֻϸºµӪҵˣҲһ¥
һҩ˾и߶˵ҩУǰҪ۵Ļи߶ҩ
ϲȦռͷǵҩʦƳҩɱȽϸߣҲҩ۸񲻷ƣƽѲ
ҩȴƽ񻯣۸ҲУͨ˷Чãܵ(r)ҵĻӭ
һҩ˾ƳҩûиãЧã۸ļҵĻõͲ٣׵Ľ²Ȧгһ¾ռˡ
Ҳ²ҩĹ˾𾪲ѣϵĴ˭ҩġ
ʵҩ˲̫ţˣܹʵҩ˵Ҳܸҩ
Ȼ϶ǵһҩ˾ŵ˲ţҲûǸǽţȴʽλҩʦæһЩǱȽϼߵҩ
߿ź͵һҩ˾ܲܺ
½ƷæӦǲϡ
ʤ֮ǰһʱ˸ЩӦꡣ
첻ٵҩ˾˿֮󣬾èŵһ
ϵ⣬ɻҪλҩʦ
ÿһλøװŸװã˵Ǵ֮˶ģŻôֵ˵
ҡͷ½壬Ұɣҿɲ뱻ΧӦꡣ
ĴҩʦҪòģ㻹ϡ½ƷЦ
Ц˸־
Ǵʲôʡ
½ƷҲæܸܲһЩҩҪǳɹĻǾܴ׬һʣܴг֪ȣʧҲûʲôʧ
Щҩ䷽й¶ȥҲûĹϵæ϶ҪǩЭġ
˼Ȥҩһʲô͵ҩҪ
ƶ̫ƽܶණرҩ֮ģһЩҩø𣬵Ҳ
½ƷȤԴȵʧЦ㻹˼
ҩƷʵ࣬Ҿ˵˵иҩһЩ⼲ҩƻȵҩ
Щҩ⿴Ч(ͦͦ)õģȴһЩ׶˻߸ãҪϵĸֻЩҩ˾ҩʦˮƽޣǺܳɹ
ҩʳ֮ζ֮ϧһͱΪҩ
15쿪ʼ0㷢İ~~~
()

636.636 ôż

636 ôż
ҪױƷ˾Щҩҽҩ˾ùϵǺܴġ
ҽѧ()(i)ã½ƷеļҩЩȤ
½壬ҪæռҪҩõȣп˿ԡ
½Ʒͷû⣬ǿ϶֮á
ҪҪǴߣʡ
ЦʱãȽæ
ٵ۹ҪʮСʱڴ½Ʒ˻ᣬͷȥϢҡ
ʵҲкܶΧϾֻдƻ򲡵ҩйӦۻ𱬵ࡣ
ֻûȤӦ꣬ϷɷһĹվ()ߣҲֹֻˡ
ҵСǲ𰡣
ϢûţռһЩ
ԴڵĶؽΪꡢħٺԴʯӳ֣ٶȲǣҹͻ㣬ߵʵ
ӦһЩߵֶΣܶ߼ߣֻΪҪȶһʱ䡣
ʮСʱһζִٵ۹ʱѾҹ
ʱȻȽһ·ɴܵٵ۹⽻ԽӴ
ӭ˵ĽţƵͳѾźãλɡ
Ҳܿٵ۹νӡ
ŵųһаŶŴһ͡
⽻ͬͣͷһġ
ȵƵ갲귿䣬˶׷׽˷⽻ߵǰЦ˵ųҪһĴʦͷս֪ܲи㣿
ܾȲѣǱôˣôҪҵܵܺ͵ã𣿡
⽻ε˵Ҳ½⣡
Խҵ˼תǣҪǲԸȥһȥµġ治֪ƾͼͬĪ
ƾѾȫƿٵ۹ϻʵµ۵ʵףȻΥʵ۵˼
ܵͷѾطķһ绰
ǸСôż
ȴ֪ԼĶСӣͬԷҪ
򿪷׼ȥˣ˭֪·ü۴Цȥ(qng)ͺܺõ
ﷺʣģôˣ
Ҹ˵ȥأҸ׼㡣
Ц㲻ҲͬĴɣ
Ҳġᣬ(qng)Ը˵
()

637.637 

637 
ҹʲôüģʲô(qng)ܷŵ죿
ᣬȴ֪()ӣҽ⻰˵Ҳûֹ
ȻҪƾֻ˽һˣǾԲͬġ
СίʹζʮģЦõ˵ˣ֮⣬ҽͽѾȥˡ
ղյϢ֪ġ
۹ٵ۹΢һЩǰ˽һСʱǰ˹ȥ
⻰˲٣ţһȥ֪ôǲ¡
û¾Ͳܼ𣿡
һۣȻĸ첲ôζǵĸ磬һ֣ǰɱϹԴס
Իʰġ
죬żһѣͺһˣ
Ե֣˵ǰء
صһѣʣ˵ĻûԺҸ磬Ҳ硣
ǡǣҸ磡ҷ
Ͷˣչȥǽ
һôҪٸһ档
Ȼԭһ()Ǵζķ¶Цݣ⻹࣡
ˣֻҪС֣Ҳˣ͸ɡ
ߵƵſڣ⽻ЦĵҪ鷳λһˣˣ
ЦЦû£
źһĪķܴ˸к⽻źõ
һ·ʻֱӿƾƽסһլԺ
լԺܴоأʮֵɭϡ
³⽻ֱӴȥ¥Ļ
ȥͼƾһɳϣ诺Աߵ˫ɳϡ
üЦĺһº͵ƾ˵⻰պܺá
()ŵȴޱ(qng)Щ
״̹ˣĳλ̫ӱСӣòƶô硣
£Ĵʦͷսˣ⽻Ŀڡ
ƾڼһžͷˣˣȻȥϢɡ
ǣ⽻֪ԼұҪദǺʶȤ˳ȥ
²ѵҪ۹ʲô
⽻ȥƾЦͷ
磡첽ŷ߹ȥȻֶ֣㣡
()ȥĸ첲Աߵ˫λ£
巢ſԼҲûкһĴ㣬
де㿨16~~
()

638.638 ž

638 ž
ȥͽɡ
վţָָ()ߵλá
忴Щ˳ˣϱܲãһͲϱ̫ء
²磬ͷʮЦ˵ãͽһ׽˵˵
ͽ˵ܱȺ͸˵á
ô˵ͷüһۣһﵹǻϱ(ƨp)
Цյ˵Сǹɡ
ͷദôã᲻С˼Ҳƣðɡ
㣬͵𣿡ǵĿʡ
ЦûУǸյʮӣھƵϢһŻġ
ҪҪϴ裬ʱ䣬ȥúúõһ٣˼СǹԶ
Īľúе
Ҹպ͸죬ǾˣžˣЦôղסʹøӵˡ
ñͲˬᣬԼⵢʱ̫ˣŲ֪ҪСĶء
ŵһμ棬Ǹõĺ(r)Ŷᡣ
ƾԭ()Ǹ竣˴ûȥսẈ̂ڱĺܺá
Ƥ𪡢()֮ò䣬ȥǸȴ޸֮Ĺӡ
ֻ󣬼֮ûм֣ھսŻ켣÷ǸʮС
Ҳܸˣһžˣã
Ⱦһ㷢ĵЦݣǱȽټġ
㣬ʱ͸ϲԵĸ㡣˵žͰ÷ڿռļָ˳
Ц˵֮ǰûĸоŵĸͶˡ
һӣӸ⣬Цеĵݸƾ磬ģ
ãƾü۾ºͳ磬˹һҧһڣЦӸĺóԣǲζ
()ϲ㣬ȴ(i)СӸ⡣
Ե㣡ŸԼĸӣҲźܸˡ
һԼϲԵܽظǰĶζ
һԼԣһ߸һ顣
ƾ״üۼЦŨҲ÷ɫãȫ()ɢζ
һ÷ûᡣ
һ߳ԣһ
()

639.639 ˸VS÷

639 ˸vs÷
ĵû죬˸ŵ÷ɫԽԽڡ
״һ£㲻ܹܣ
СʲôõģȻôˣʲô(i)ԵӸûִء
һҲǣϱһκ˼ĵô죬Ҳúùܹܡ
絹أ
ҿ϶ֻҪԼֹ诣ȥ֮϶Ҫַ˯ᱻ䲻֪á
Ƴ˷һۣͬСôܹأ
һԼǸ޹ϣȻű񣬺˼
ҲҰȻȥʰƤ񣬸¶ӣ˵ϱǳϱ
һҭᱻʰѵҲ᣿
ͻȻһͬıߣȻһۡ
һʾ⣬֣
ã֣Ӧ
ȻǱ˴˿Է˳ۣɶԸСҪ
ȿڣ֪ôʲô𣿡
ǰҲЩ档岹䡣
ƾʱºͳȫûˣ̹(())ĵ֪诺Ҿǣû¡
ƤЦ()Ц˵ôˣ(qng)»ã
磬Ҹ粻ӣҲҵġҪǲ⣬Ȼȥеķ̣֮ǰһֱʱ䡣
ʱǿͽˣƾ磬׸ʤ׸磬һﲻ
Ʋѣ⻤Ҳ̫˰ɣòƻûôԼأ
ãҵһ𣡡ЩӲ˵ϾˣƤĳҪܶࡣ
忴ܴ죬ҲֻϾǻء
Ц˵㣬ˡҲôʱķɴٵ۶ʱͺҲúϢء
ҿľ(ͦͦ)۵ģԭú˯һȻû񡣡
Ҳָƾ˼ôˣӦϢ
ĿһۣôСʱһֱϢأ˯ˣҪ˾Ȼȥ
Ǻòײžۣʱ䲻ء
һЦҲģ˾ͺã
ƾһȣЦЦĿˣҪȻȥ
ãǵţͷ
ЦôܷϱôСһ׸綼У˵ɸˣ
Ȼ˸vs÷򣬴˸ʤ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~Ҳ15ŵĸ¸0֮󷢣Ҳðҹڶôô~~~
()

640.640 ˿ɲ̫

640 ˿ɲ̫
УǾ͵ţ
ƾԭҲ׼ˣôһȴҪΪ˵룬ϾûѪԵϵ
ͷСÿɶ񣬸ղſ϶ǹģǱϱ
ƾǣ˵Ц˵һСʱ
ԴʯԴǴȥţΪ׼ƾóֱ诡
ƳĴƷռ䲻ܴ󣬵ȴܷŲٹصĶ
˿ЦӯӯǸƵĿռ𣿡
漴ѪʶͷŽȥĶ˳
ͼ϶ʮӣƳʱ˳ѸӴ򿪡
ÿﶼװԴʯвĿʯȣֵһĸߡ
лл磬Ǹˣǹ⽫ЩӿռƳΪľͷ忴
ǵĸãʲôøǣԺ߷ᡣ
ûеѪЦʣ磬ǿռϵߣһĿռܷŶҵռƷ𣿡
ΪӣܵȼռҲٲϵòռƷ
սúܶࡣ
ƾԷ廹㿴˳ۣҪǷõĳ(i)̬⣬ЦŵȻˣת͸˭Ȼԡ
ҵĿռʯֻ࣬ռ䴢Ʒٶһ
͹ˣлл磡룬磬̫ŮˣæŪпɡ
ƾӹڻ״
ܿһпĶУ𣿡
ԭƳɽָģ͸ģָʣôҪöԷͲŶԡ
ЦŽӹɫµĶЦŵͷãŲʧۡ
ûãȻƳռƷˡ
Ǹ磬Ҳֻǿˡ
ȻʺǸַܳĵط
诼״׼˵ƾȴȿڣûпռⶫԼðɣлҵµĿռʯٸһ
˳Ƴһۣż⣬һĴǲġ
ռƷ붼룬οóȥġ
ȻûпռƾҲǲѿռƷ͸ģ˿ɲ̫ˡ
˸ȫԼҲ˵ʵˣ˭ÿأ
()

641.641 ҪҪôѱˣ

641 ҪҪôѱˣ
ô˵Ŵ˽ռƷת͸Ĵ㡣
ҲָԴЩ⣬ȻŸã粻ˣǾŰɡ
УҲƾвСĲˬ
СԼ׸ˣ
ȴûлƳȥʵڶ滢ǲ𰡣
ȴǳһ
òҲ֪Ķ׼Ҫ͸˭
磬ⴢƷԼƳģҲˣƾĿڡ
ǱˣǱľٶ
˸ԥĽŮĳпҲ˵û뷨򻻳Ųͬ⣬׵Ĳ(qng)С
ƾԴȵĿŷ壬һﵹǴתĺܿ죬ȽʶȤ
ӵпռ䳬֮֮ԾͳɹˡЦЦ֮ǰŷ̬Ҫò١
巢ĵ̾磬㻹ǼҲû
ռ䴢ƷҪӵпռܻ߳иҪһЩܿռܹƳ
ĿǰΪֹǿóռ츳ĿռƣҲΪޣû˵˭ƳҲӵ˷ëǡ
ȻԺƾ㣬ΪΨһƿռƷˡ
Ҫø߲֪£Ƕסġ
˵˸绹ǹ󷽣ôԴʯͲϲ˵ôĿռ䴢Ʒͳɲ˭ġ
Ǻܶ׸綼ô󷽣СȴˣԺСص㡣
ֻҪĶĺãŲɸĿĻˣӭи˳ϱˣ
Ҳ𾪺͸̾ƾ˼Ĵ󷽣˵СЩǸӡ
ȴɲˬֲ׵ģϱô裬ᣡ
쬵Ķһ۵ӣһҪҪôѱˣ
˵õͬһҴϵѵܣһתͷˣۡ
һдʶȤ˭Խ
һȫҪӻ
ûϵЦô˵ˣˡ
ȷʵת⣬һĳ
ȥ˵ԽҪһǣ
֮ǰдûоھõˣҼ~~ҽһ᰾д귢ȻҪ֢~~ᵽҲûףұҹˣɣôô~~
()

642.642 ˵

642 ˵
ͷ֮以ĴݣԱֻҪ۾Ϲܸо⹷Ե
诿˴ݵȴܰοҵһ(i)ˣܸˡ
Сǹֵܲñ
ƾҲǲ뷨Լøˣ˳˼֡
ѵöɫ˵Ҳٵ۹ˣһ˽³Ըɡ
ֵ÷ĸ磬׼ңôҪһ
û뵽СҪ磬Цŵͷãĵĸ磬ҸǼһӦõģ׼
ƾһﷴӦܿ죬ǳĴҲ뷨
Ҳһ𣡡תͷ˵
Цãõ׼ңôٵ㡣
оԼȫһų⣬˼ҹģЩڲȥһ
ѵҪһƤ
ͬŵ糶һЦݣƾڵл͵
Ǹ硱תһȦû³ȥ
ƾż˵ãӦõġ
һȲһûУ
⣬绹ٱô֪Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
ҪǣԼϱһС˵ĶԵģ
ֿ̧˿ʱ䣬Ųʣ£ѾãҲˣǲǿ뿪ˣ
ôˣȥϱ˯ɱȱСá
˭֪ƾδػ课͵һۣʲô£Ҹ磬Ҳء
ƾ˸ѣû£ⲻǿ
Сӣ˵ء
֮ǰһûãҹŶŪˣǷʰ
诶Ŀ磬Ҳ˵ôš
հҪˣ϶ᱻϳƵ귿䣬ͺ󱳷
ô᣿磬诵ĸ磬ҵȻǿ绹()ռϷ磬˳
ƾȽ˵ϲϿνǰڡ说һգ(i)Ҳùġ
һҪǸȢŮ˵ңʹȡ
һֻҲһ
һҶԲãͱ
ȻҲǲϣ(qng)õҸҪ
巴Ӧ죬Цſ϶˵ģ˺ԼҲ˺ĵġ
()

643.643 סǽ˵Ļ

643 סǽ˵Ļ
һԴӿϺƤһĺ񣬲˴˸ŵӵָһġ
һҪҪ˵ô죿
Ҫǣ仰Ҳ˵İҪ̨ʡ
ģҲһ˺ԼҲ˺诵ġ
ҲǿˣСԼϱû죬潫䵱һĿ
(qng)пɲıֻ֣ϧӦȷ˰ģ˸ˡ
ƾʶǵľǿû˵һʱжϳ˵ĳŵȽ⡣
סǽ˵Ļס
ֺһᣬƾ˿ʱ䣬ȽˣȻȥϢɡ
һС֪ڱȽȥˣ
Ҳ²£ɲ(())»ȥϱʰ
˵˸ҲǺǵģܹƳʦƲĿռƷһصʵǿ
Щᣬ뵽ļ컹ܺ͸棬ŷ׷()ãҲϢ
ƾ͵ſڣԷԸ˿ͻؾƵ꣬л˱
۹Ľţסٵ۹רŽӴľƵꡣ
صƵ꣬Ҫҽһ˯ɡ
ǽԴûһסء
ѵúͽٴμ棬ȻҲһðҶ֪ǹϵãǸĵ̣û˸µġ
Ҫһסľ˳ǣŮ˵ǿأ
廹ãϾֻѣûеҹ޹صҲһˡ
ͱȽƺˣϿ޷ϱˡ
⣬Ȼطˣ说ֵĳ˰ڰֱ֣ӺԹСȻȥķ䡣
Ϲʲôʱ򶼿㣬ڻҪ
뿪ıӰ̾˿û취
ҲͬУǵ֮ǰôѱ(qng)㶼ûأֲסһҲû취
һӣ忴˳ۣסһ˲𰡣
Ľ黹Ǿסһˣһʲôõɪˣߺߣ
Ͷؿշɣҹ㻹Ҫؼ죬ϾҼڽɱˡ
һ䣬º磬Ȼת()ͳԼķȥ
()

644.644 ôǺŸأ

644 ôǺŸأ
ڶһ磬ȥƵĲͣΪ诶һݡ
žͼҲͬ(qng)ʱЩһΪëҪѧԼ
ͬ˶͵ķ壬˺ڣҪľȻȥڣôǺŸأ
˱˴һ࿴˳ۣûкȥķ䡣
·ֻһɱһ
Ļ磬ҪȥϢȥ;ͺˣȿڡ
ЦҲͷˣȥͰɡ
򡣡ǿ
üһ÷أѵ㲻Ӧ(i)ף
ˣƤ⣬û˭ء
Ƕŵġ
һҭȴ÷ռϷ磬Ա֮Լž
Ͼ뵽͵(qng)
Ҫһ𣿡Ƥ֪첻߶ԷǾֻһˡ
Ҳ֪ԼȥܣУһ𣡡
˶ͳſڣš
ص˰ޣ˲˯ȥ
ʱԺ۾˭ôŰ
˸Ƿʮ**Ƿ߽򣡡
诸緢һϢǣǼ˯һỹȥء
ãҲ巢һϢԼҽ˯
͵½յţʱ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
ֻԼˣ
̾˿ɲǣ
ûһԣҲûθڡ
ûдк͸뿪Լ䣬ȥ
ȥ˴ķţϰ()Ѿϴá
ܵܶ͹һԣﱶаοܹܵȻˡ
Ȼȥ˷ȵķ䡣
ȴ˯£żװĴ磬Ͷ͵ĵܵЩҪҪô磿
ȥỹСʱء
Ҳܾ˵ĺ⣬ֵòҲþûһˡ
Ƚȥᣬȥϴ
ã
彫óŵϰںá
ܼ(qng)ЦŵҼŮѾǲһ
ǰ϶ֵűء
彾ЦǵȻҿǾֺѡ
ֵܷܵܵű()ӣӡ
ɪүӣѾһùȥˡ
()

645.645 Ҳû˭

645 Ҳû˭
ϴպ⻰
ЦƤҲԽԽˣ
ô׷أζĿ˿磬ǺҶѧѧܺܿ뵥()С
ֵܳ˳ǶһۣͻȻܵôƣ
˵׷Ůʱ㲻֪ʲôطء
ڻڵ()ȴѾŮˣҽ顣
ĿԼҶ磬δŻ֪أǲֻصҪȵ¡
ʵҲӦҸŮȶֻ˵Ҳûá
ȾԶԣУ
ǵȻɪĵͷ
ͬ()Ϊ()ʿķЩЦãͻȻһ⡣
ϣٵ۹Ļʵ۽ȥ𣿡
ڻϣͲµԼ£ѯ
ΪһûҪƾĹϵϾ÷˵ʵ
ûʲô£Ҫġʵ˵
ܲĵΪʲô
ΪϵãһȥĻ诽㡣һ߳һ߻ص
ʲôűӵֶ˶٣Ȳѵʣ˵Ƶ۵磿
ǰСرĺ诽㡣ͷ
ɫ˼֣ûûСģСʲô
ƾ()ݣǳĸɸ磬ܵܶôС
ŷ֣һСĽƾȡŽ˳ɿһҾ棬϶еġ
ҲܽУȻ磬Ҳ磡һ˵
Դ绹Ƿǳصģͷ֪ˣԺ󶼲Сˣ
ҪǱԼϱôд˸磬϶Ҫʰ
⻹࣡ɫºͼ֡
ҲȫˣʲôʱƵ۵ģҲ̫ţ˰ɡ
иԵĹһ۹̫Ľ㣬ھȻ˸ٵ۹Ļʵ۸磬˵ȥ˰
彫ǴȥƾͶԵ˸(qng)˵һ飬̾û棬ȥȴһܾԵְɡ
ֵܶٶ˽һЩ()ӣ̫ܱƭƾ()Ϊٵ۹Ļʵۣ()Ҳûʲôͼġ
ǻԵˣ̲ס̾Ҳû˭ˣ
ҪʲôʱƾĹϵع⣬֪Ҫö˴۾
ҲãʡһЩˣϲ˵()䲻ϷңԺعˣЩҪۣȻĽǷһ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

646.646 ϱ̫ˣ

646 ϱ̫ˣ
ֵܵûж뷨ܹһٵ۹Ļʵ磬(ͦͦ)Ϊ˵ġ
εҽѧᣬƵΪҪŪİɣܳ˼Ƭ̿ʡ
ʵεĽ̫ͻȻ뺯μмʱ̫ˣһͺܼ١
ʵһ鲢ʵ۹ܺͷ֮ǰΪƾҪȶٵ۹ģȴò̫ˡ
̧ͷЦ˵
Ȼɵȷ󣬷ܻ̲ס˾ƵΪ˼ֱʻ󡣡
ҲԾѣǺ
ʵεĽᣬƵҪ⣬Ҳкܴϵ˵
ֵĪĿʲôϵƵ뿴÷򣿡
ǣ֮ǰǵõ˻úϢȷٵ۹һλȴԸۻ߽
˸æҲӣǲԹҪ»ú
ú½үǵİɣ֪˽ºλҲϵˣȷʵɿڣԻúִš
ȼ˵ҺʹҲ׼ٵ۹취ģû뵽ҲһĿġ
ܶԷЦǿˣԺҪõ㡣
ͷǵȻģ
а취𣿡ʡ
ص˸鵽˵ӵزúҲΪϲԲҪһ롣ô˸Ȼȥ˵β
κòǰͱǻú
ף⵹һΪ׺Ϳ׵İ취ϾԷƵ۵Ӷ˵̬ȺܼᶨҲŪ֡
Ҫ࣬ʲô󾡹Һȥ졣ܴл
úѾ˺ܾãܹΪָܵܳϣֻҪɹõܵ()׽
Ҳǲ뷨رѹƣǸˣһ첻׽()Ǿ޷ġ
ϱ̫ˣ
ͣطϢ
Сʱߵϴ۹μӽҲ½ִ
ٵ۹ǱǳҲſڡ
Ϊ֮ǰǲ(qng)Ҷ֪诹ϵǳҪãܣֳһ
ؿշŵֶûһ£ͼһһ
ɶ˶ۣ첻붯ڸоõ˲ſʼܶԴҲõˣʣµĹƻ~~
()

647.647 㵹ʰ

647 㵹ʰ
۹սԺϵųԱȽѺá
ȻҲôQ
۹ƿ˴룬⼸λȴһֱûϨҪ˼θĽžǵˡ
ϳ󣬱˴֮仹һ
ٵ۹һұȽϸ߼ľƵƾһ()ɫװԽӴ
Яֶ¶˿ůɫЦ⡣
ڲûʲôԴľٶǻʱ׼¶ϵ
˽ƾ˵˼俪ףʽʼˡ
λǳҽҩʦ׷ܶΧŽ˴˼Ҳύ̸
⼸˻½ȥ˷Ժͻ
ƾԼúģҲνᣬ֪ȸһ¥˰ȥԻ
֪ǸĺûоܾȻȥ¡
ǷԻҽҩʦǳһ
Ҳ˲˵Ĳûʸ档
һ֮׷˿ʼ
ֻ۹ٵ۹ˣҲʣȻȥ
ѯʹƻҩ跽⣬۹Ǽ˵Ĵ£ԽԽϬ
ҽѧ֪ʶܹ㣬ֻĽͣһҲƿԡ
ĽͬǲȡֱʽսȺ塱ģٷֱƽ̨֡
ƾޡֵǰλá
ԼñҲ磬ȴӦʵ֤ԼƾϵЦ
ȴҲΪ۹ļˣǴĲ磬˳ۡ
۹˻࣬һһģ֪ĻΪŷĴءƾƳһ۵ķ̵
֪ƾʾҲ(ͦͦ)ˬģصQ˶õġ
㵹ʰ
ƾζĿ˵(ͦͦ)Ӳģֶλ˵㣬ҾɱӺ
ҲΪеֶΣ֪ɱ˶ֻȫƿٵ۹
ǼֵܣƻҪʱŰ۾ڵ棬(ƨp)ҷţҲ˹ĳҲ硣
˵ĶԣЩ˻̫ĴˣҪ²ȥ֣Ұ㣿
忴ЩһĴֻ࣬ΪΪģоˣ
״̬̫ˣдŸоζɾˣʮټ~~
()

648.648 ȥ

648 ȥ
类˸÷򼷶ң˺ڡ
ֽ۹Ǽֵһ飬ãһԳֵġ
(qng)˲ͬ۹ϻʵѾˣ(i)Ҳƾ競ӣʲôȨƾ
ڲûʱֵܣQ(qng)ء
ЩҲȷʵǷʰǽŵĸˣЩ˽ǳȥģʵϻΪ诵Եʡ
̨Ӧ˵Ǵ࣬ʵҲڼӵİء
ȥڣʮ⣬ĻشˣҲһëܶרҵҽҩʦ¶֮ɫ
ƾҲͬģҲñ()϶ᱻŪ²̨
磬ʰ㻹ҪʰҪæ˵һ
Ȼһﲻ˳ۣô˵Ҳ÷֮ǰ۹Ҳ磬æһʱ䣬ȴҲǼӵİһһѡ
ףȥ֮ҲĶǸۣͷ
ȻתͷԷ˵Ҳģ
Ҳ˼÷ˣ
ЦЦУǾͽˣ
Աû˵ȴȾһ˿⣬Щ˵ģϻǲè
֮ǰٳûг̫ݣҲǵ()״ͻȻͺ鷳
Ѿ()ĵҩҲһˡ
ǵ()ָˣЩ˺úʰһ١
һᣬ˿ʱкһ̨ˣò֮ǰרҵҽҩʦЩδ
ٵ۹ҽҩѧĻ᳤̨˵˻Ự
ɽǻһҽѧҩѧд衣
ҲǻһЩ֢Ĳ˹λæһоƲ(qng)ﵽͬĿġ
Ľᣬ˴֮佻ѧģ˴֮дʱҲġ
ֻΪҲܴΪ⡣
ҽҩʦһЦˣî˾Ҫдһ֦㡣
ص·Աߡ
˵ҽȥʰЩҲˡ
£ǡ
Цס֣Ȳãȥ
Цãģ
ȥ֮ҲҪˣ֮ǰҪ뿪۹ó棬ȴͬˡ
ѡúù(r)ӣǾҪƿȨҲΪԼó
()

649.649 ׵ķ

649 ׵ķ
ܿ쿪ʼɽʱ䣬()˲ٴʦ֮ǰشġ
ҲϲཻܰԼҵһЩУ˺ܿ뵽˺ʹҵĽУҲʶ˲ٵ֪ҽҩʦ
Ȼ̫ˣӵкܸߵĲŻҲһЩ()խ֮˵Ľʺޡ
Щ˾͵д轻ʱúõѹѹ
ر۹ļҽ֮ǰ˷ԸҪȻ¡
Ҳ˴ͬ˼
ٵ۹ߣΪƾûб¶ϵֶ֮κû˸λµ۲졣
ƾʮ̹(())󷽵ĵ˷ֵܺ磬߰һ͡
Ͼֵܺ綼()()Ҳܸ߹û˭Ĳ߶롣
߳ڵľƵ꣬ƾż˵Ҷһɫɫܲ
ǼҲɫһ㣬شʩñȽϺҲһ㣬˶ϲȥǱ̸¡
ֻҪóԾУЦ˵
ͷǰǳԷȻѡɫˡ
ƾһʮǹȥ
λòٵ۶ģڽ
һׯ԰ֲ˸ָɫ߲˹Ϲ
ԹԼժóӹɲˣһƬĻܣǷǳȻġ
ƾżһׯ԰յ߼ĽӴ
ǻʵۣٵ۹Ȩߣׯ԰Ȼ(r)(qng)
£İѾźãڹȥׯ԰תתׯ԰Цʡ
ƾĵׯ԰תתٹȥȥæɡ
ǣׯ԰ĵͷȻЦ˵ʲôҪܷԸ
ŷǳԾĴ뿪Ըׯ԰Ĺ¶ŲҪȥš
ƾЦ˵ϲֲׯ԰˲ٵ۹е߲˹Ϲʻ㿴ûϲģǸӡ
ðҲ뷨
ׯ԰ֲܶﶼûеģҲǵʱڵ֣ԼܸȤоħٵĲ
˵⣬ƾůͳ磬ֵ־˾
Ƶ۶治һĳ裬۹̫ҲǺܳ˿ȥȻϵãȴһһĸо
ƾ诣ǶԼ
Ҳǳ׵ķ
()

650.650 

650 
ƾһ߹һ˵Ż()ϵɢȡ֮
òׯ԰Է˾Ȳѡ
Դµλ֮һ֮ǰ竺δһ档
úϲ߲˹Ϲͻܼ
磬ЩҶҪһҺׯ԰ҪӾУԼȥ֡
оֿʹõֲ˵㣬ׯ԰ĺȫ
ƾЦϵˣҸղſ۾ôѾԸ˽ׯ԰ֲӶ׼һݡ
ǰһƾ()£ڵĳȴʺϡ
ЦЦҾ֪ˣ
״ȻѾˣȴеᣬСǴ֪ôԼġ
ˣԺҪרȥռֲӣŴ˸߲
Цξʹ˲۹Ӹء
ϴμ棬ͿʼռˣõϲãǵȻҪ㡣
Ҳˣǰһ˲ļ
ǰÿθܻŰԼֲӣҲûиĵϰߣиã
ڴʱһŮ֮ܰա

˿(qng)תͷȥ
ֻһŵɫųȹñȽƯŮ˹
ƾˣԭůЦͳĶͷû˵
ҲԷ
uЦߵƾǰ˿()վŵãλǣ
֪()ݵģֻǸղſƾǺɫĴŹׯ԰()ϴŶûй㣬ǲˬ
ƾ䵭ĵȥ۹ž֪˭ˣ
Ů˾ϲװģҲ֪ǰô(i)ϡ
uϴ˼ίż()˵Ҳȥţͺҽ°ɡ
诶֪ԼҸԭ()йһ(i)(qng)
ڲò¶֪λǸ(i)
ҼƤһأ˴֡
ȻЦ˵㣬λСȻʶ㣬ҪҪ¡ؽ£
Ů˺ǰƾڻ磿˵ӣŶûС
۹̫
诸̧̧߰°ͣһ()Ůɢu£ģû˵óȻţһò͹ض
һ£Сʱ~~
()

651.651 СҲн

651 СҲн
诺ƽԴ˶òǶԿ˳۵ˣҲԲӡ
Ůװǻƣ۹ôҽѧᣬ᲻֪
һί()ģϹˣûŶǵĲˬ
uû뵽˾̬ȡ
ر诣۹̫˲ɻûʵء
޸ƾٵ۹Ļʺء
ٵ۹һս˧Ůu¡
ϵЦݵ˵ԭٵ۹̫һᣡ
()Ƿǳģٵ۹һսţǳ˻廤ǿսš
诺ССŮӣԾԽС
ЦЦu£û
uһҭϵЦݿҪάֲסˣôôûò̫ҲӶ
ʱĿ诣ϲԼŮȫһ()̵Ĵˡ
uֿǣ
ܼ򵥽ֱ꣬׵˵uС㻹ǻҪׯ԰ŵˣ
u³ô󣬵һαôӣð
ί֮ɫĿƾɫ֮価(qng)⡣
Դϴε(qng)ƾͶ䵭˺ܶ࣬
Ҳû뵽ܵǶλ֮۹ҡ
һֱΣԹȻļôվӡ
ȴԼģֻҪúõĺ壬һԭԼ
ǰҲǱģŻġ
ȴˣԽԽ˵ٷ֣һץ
ֻŮ̫ˣԽ챻ӵ(qng)ô˵ġ
ͷ忴Ŵ˸类Ů˾ɵֻСҲн졣
ŮȻûԣҲȴĺǼƤˣҲֻд˸ܵˣ
Ȼ˶ô(i)
ƾüͷ¶֮ᷳɫȷʵŵˣ
uû뵽ƾԼ˵ĻȦ˺죬Ҫȥĸ첲
㻹ڹϴε(qng)治֪ҲǱǣȥģ㲻Ҫ˺òã
ƾ˺һ㿪uС㣬Һ㲻죬㲻ҪĶ˵ЩĪĻ
ȥɡѯʡ
ſ÷ֻƳ˹ȥ
˸绹ǱΪá
ͷðɷ羰ڣҲûǸ͹ȥˣ
诸ͣǻطã
ܼȻ
۲ŵu£һׯ԰ò͵Ľȥ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~ллҵĹģѾоöˣ(i)~~ĸ»0֮~~~
()

652.652 ˸ǲ

652 ˸ǲ
רò͵Ĵׯ԰ٴγ֣ЦΪƾ·͵õĶΨһ䡣
Կׯ԰ͽľɫƽǲԤģרƾ߹()ݵʱԤá
£ǲ˵ҪʲôһֽʰĲ˵͵ƾС
ƾûпڵߵɫ˺õĲˣȫһݰɡ
ҲͲõÿ˵Ŀζͬˡ
ǣͷԸ׼ϲˣׯ԰˵Ų˵˳ȥ
ϰţҲ˸͵Ӵų豸޷Ƶ¼ȣ˵˼͵õ
͸ش·Ǹu»վţŭɫί()߶һһŮڰ
磬֮ǰǸݺŮˣȻʣȴſ϶
ƾͷһֱϵңuҲڼҪٳҺĻ¡
ҪŮˣǰ㻹δλʱúݺƿ˴ȨҪʸôõ(qng)һ
ҪǳϺ()ƲԣֱӳǸŮ˼ˡ
⻰綼ż־ȿƾֵܶЩ⡣
磬Ůѣʡ
˸ܴôŮ˵۹ô
ƾ￴ŵ˼û˵ûУǻðˡ
ԭ()ȴϲŮˣԼûԲϡ
ԭˣþ۾ûȳͷ
һѣú˵
ȿȣץס֣Ц˵۹ãŮ䲻㡣
˸ǲ𰡣ȳ˵
ȻˣҸŮ˿ûԼҸõġ
ͷ˲Ů군ˡ
ɶǸãأ̲סЩᡣ
֮ǰƾԼЦʣ磬Ů˺ļô֣ûжʰ
ƾü÷ȻϲҷŵĳѾˣµһսžͻỻս˧ĿԴͺã
֪۹˶սˣ
һ䣬ʮĵºƿٵ۹ս
ǿаuҵսȨƱػ𷴵ҲвСˡ
֮ǰȻûкͶԷίߣȴҲһֱԻŶԷвڿʼǸŮ˺ܿҲ޷ٳֱQˡ
õȣ~~
()

653.653 Ǻö

653 Ǻö
ƾʮķһ˲ϨҪʹ˸Ե˼
۹ѾƿһϵսɹʵܲˣûжԱȾû˺
˱ˣղΪʲôҪ(())
ã𾰸Ҫ㡣ڨڨЦЦ
һֻͿˣ˸ǲ𣬲˳ŵ㣬ֺϱ
ǲһĶԱȣ˸϶˳ۣ
ƾȻ粻˳ۣϾѾԼóɻ飬ǵҪæͿڣ۹Ҫǻҵˮ룬ġ
ǿϲ˵ˣҲڱ¶Լĵơ
Ҳò˸Ǹ
Ȼ诵ĸ磬÷Ŀ϶СҪţֺαؽ(qng)
ԺҸص㣬֪𣿡һһǿ
öԴ׵һޡ
ۣ((Ʊ))ĳһЦݣ֪ˣ
޵ĶԿϷķͶȥһļһ˵õأ
һȥⲻǲҴ֪ս()˵Ҫ()Լɵ
ӵĳ嶯˸÷򶼲Ǻö
ܿƷƾһƿƴ򿪣Ϊ˵˾ơ
ȻƱŷֵЦſڣ֮ǰ(r)ӣлǵչˡ
ҵúǵеľ
֪ҵ˴ûԼãϰж˲٣Էֵ̬ܵҲܺá
ЦŶƱ¿ˣҲǷҵˣչӦõġ
ҲЦǰչӦõģҲвչˣһ˲˵һ
ƾףãһоڲУֻҪͷܳþãǽҲһˣ
ɱֵܶ˼
ƾͷֵϵرĵͷܱȽл⣬ҲԽԽͶ
ε׼ҼջǷǳгġ
ֵҲٴ˽⵽ƾĳ(i)ɸĳ(i)Ⱥܶ׸綼ԵǸĶ
극ƾ˵콻ҪдΪ׼ϵλ壬ӹȥβаջᡣ
ƺöԷӣҲܹĽúӮߣΪ롣
ЦŵͷðǸܵ
ֻ˻ͬ𣿡
ƾºЦӵúأֻҪһϣŹ϶ͬġ
Ȼȥ
()

654.654 òã

654 òã
ͺ˺Ȳ裬ܿ͹ȥ˼Сʱ
ƾҲׯ԰ֲӣֱӽ뵽ħ
лл磡üЦ
ƾͷϲͺã
컹ҪдƣǾȥϢɡ˿ʱ䡣
ͷţСѵð
ãһԷ诺͸ദദ
ƾЦţȥһɫˣ
ԽͻؾƵ꣬뿪ع
诽ûȥ䣬׼ƵĵҩҲãϿָ
Ӻ§ס诣㣡
һ֪˼ЦŽĿ¡
ʲô£ѵǣֻס
诲һţôߣ
Ȼת()ȥɳ¡
óһƿ˹ȥѾƺãΪ㳹׻ָ()徫ĵҩ˰ɡ
漴ԼóһͬɫĴƿһŵҩŵʼ
״£㽫ƿĵҩ˳ŵ˿¡
()Ϊ۹̫ӣƽǷʲôҩҪרŵҽ
ҪǻɴǰԲûмͽҩ¡
Ƕ诵(i)ԽԽȻӦҪΣͲʳԡ
ûйԥҩ£请ﾡЦ⣬ʶȤʱŹһ
ĵҩҩһҲн˷䡣
ֵܺԾĿٻطԲݡ
һ¾§ͷļϡ
ģֵûɣǴǹһҡβ衣
ЦŵаɣҸȳ´οɲ׼
Цãԩʵֻ˸۹ãˡ
Ƴģ
()ǿһֻ֣ģҿԷģ
ЦŴչȥðɣʱ㡣
ദѹŶԷʵĸͷǺбҪģ(i)ȫöԷҲӦõġ
ӿ죬ÿķ۴ԼĴȻֲǲ
￴С˼ֹ̧˹°ͣսǼűǼ⣬ϣʣҪʲôأ
ȫ(qng)(i)⣬()ֺ˵һºòã
()

655.655 Ҵ˸

655 Ҵ˸
רעĻȫС()
΢΢һЦ绨ð
Ȼ˼֣뿪
ŸղŴߴ(r)УҲ(r)ȫ()Ǳ絽һ
ģҺϲ㣬ϲϲ̲סﻰ˵˳Ȼ뻳УͷΪ
Ƭ̺ϴű죬ҵı§ڻ
̧һһ봩͸ĶȻǿźɫΪϣˣϲ𣿡
Ŷ϶ĶһﷺŨŨЦ⣬·һʢһá
ס֣˵ϲ͵Ķϲ
üۼҲȾһ(qng)Ц⣬Ҳϲ㣡
Щžǿϲĵһ˵ϲء
ģģ§ø
Сʱ󣬽ô§Լŵĳֻƿʺ϶ֹ
㣬ȴżίͰֻͣҪ㣬Ҷʧȥǣôʿɶֹ
üˣ
һϲ˳ŸƤҲԽԽ񣬸ԽԽˡ
չȥֺõЦ˵ߣʺ϶ֹˣ
ķޣȴΪ̫ϲûн֮ǰѳסԼǶء
ͽȢŰ
˵ˣ
óһƿҩָˣȻһѪڶϣþ̽ȥܴĴռ䡣
ãľ֪շִ磬ʱʱ档
ҩӹȥȻ˵
ܿ͸ܵ˶ĿռԼΪһ壬İѶͽȥó
һһԴʯҩĳ˷
ģɡס֣Ȼʮָۡ
ͷã
ôԴʯ͸߼ҩģɵø̾ҴȻǺеĺţ
ĳԴʯ⣬ҪǸ߼ҩΪϡпʯöõϵġ
Щȫȥһˡ
εǲˣ˸ĺã()ҲǺܸ˵ġ
Ϊϱˣ˸(ƨp)ǰҴ˸磬ô
Ŀ⻹࣡
ٽһ۾Ķ
һӺĳ׵ıϳ⡭
12~~~ҪŬ´0Ҫȫд~~
()

656.656 ȫ

656 ȫ
ڶ죬һȥ˾Ƶμӽᡣ
ٵ۹Ĵ͹ȥģͱ뵽ҽרŵλ¡
˵ٵ۹᳤̨˵һỰ
뵽д轻Ļڣ˼֢Ĳ˹λΪΡ
ڼҿԺúõĽдҲΪ˸õĽ
û⣬᳤ͽɡ·һЩѾȲˡ
᳤ͷԸ˽˽
ܿ죬˱˷Ž˻᳡ŮһС
Ϊλ߿ɡ᳤뵽¡
ˣڲԶרŰŵϯϹۿ
ҽҩʦ½ǰΪӼ飬ֻû飬˶˴ĸ顣
Ϊд轻ص㿴ҽĸߵͣ췽ṩ˵Ĳ
ĽѪѹƫߣӦûͷε֢״ûʲô⡣
ͷΣӦû麹˯Ҳ̫á
ҽĽֻѪѹƫߣûʲôë
ȥΪ˰˰˻ȥ
Ĵʦ֪㿴ʲô𣿡һ۹ҽЦʡ
һ˸ͣǰֻû飬˵ǹҽóʲôУֻÿ֪(qng)ˣ(ͦͦ)ġ
һҽ˵ĬĬĽ£ȥ׼鿴û⡣
У飬˼ҵͿ֪ʲôǵ𣿡
ƷδžͲףģ
һµĽǲֿ࣬˭ꡣ
Ҳܺνж˵ĴʦַκЩ򲡻ߡ
ڲҽûᣬڵüͷϲ͹зμ
峿ƣ׷ԼᣬʱɿθҲã()ơΪ()֮Ǻأ鲻Ҳױ¡
β⣿ûʾ
԰Ѫѹ⣬ٲûʾ⡣
еҽҪǵľνвǳһ㶼ס
᳤ʣµĲ(qng)۶ȷ𣿡
ȷˣ᳤㹫λ˵ĲɡЩҽǶԼĶۻǺŵġ
᳤һݲ˵ĸٲͷ֢״ȻѪѹЩߣʵûͷ֢״Ĵʦ˵ȫУ
һ°Сʱ~
()

657.657 

657 
᳤֮꣬ǰĲڳ˶ⲻѡ
ôܣҿβûʲôⰡ
ǰҪǷββûа飬ҲӦû()Ӱɣ
֪̫ļ飬ֻǰڷڣûекԷβı仯̫ԣҩͻ˵()Ӱˡ
ҲڴʱڣλĴʦ˵ĶԣҲҲųЩ֢״ģΪΪǹƣ͵£֮ǰҽҲۣû뵽ԭǵ˷β
Ĵʦⲡ𣿡ԭҲǲʲôУɶԷ֪Ĳ״̫ˣɵˡ
ЦĲֻǰڣֻóһܵҩͺˣ㿪ӣҩķԼһþͺˡ
()м˵ããлĴʦ
ķӦҲ֤Ľȫԣһ֮ǰЦֺ࣬ߵġ
ļɫѿѣѾͷмˢӣʲôžͲףôܿ˵(qng)ģ
һҽ⡣
Ĵʦ˼֮ǰΪûֹҽƷǽˡ
ǰǺǸ
ҽѧȽغ()һЩҽ׷Ǹ
Ц˵λǰû˽ŵʱڵĹҽҲʵǻĵĹҽλȤԶ˽⽻¡
ϣĵҽڴĶʧʷĳ̫ϧˡ
ã֮ǶཻҽеĻĹҽܸȤ
ӱȥһŮӱȥ
Ϊλ˿ɡ᳤ڵ
ҽ׷()ΪŮӼһ顣
ͬûֻǰϸĿ˿Ůӵ֡
ĽеƶѪ⣬ûë
е㹬з治Ǻס
ҲЩ飬ûʲôë
ҽ½˽ۣҲǲġ
Ĵʦ㿴أһλҽʡ
һˣܾò˵(qng)ûô򵥣ǵľⲡȷʵûʲô⡣
ʵص˵⣬бȽصƤ
صƤļãȥûʲôⰡ
԰Ƥвˣ
ԹҽҲжʧʱҲô
۹˵꣬ͱ诼סˡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

658.658 ̫˼

658 ̫˼
Щɵ˺ֱ׵˵˳Ҳвû˵ҲƵ뷨
˵⻼ǻţôȥƤûвܹ⻬ϸ壬ⲻ˵
ҲмΪϸ˵(qng)û¶ۡ
᳤ǿŮӲģʣǸ濴Ƥģ֤ܺ𣿡
ʣڷ()𣿡
ڵĿƼĹܶܶ࣬вٿ⣬Ȼʹõġ
Щ̫ܣʹʱЧһ¶ȶͬģҪӸ߼ܶࡣ
̨ĹܡһҽʣĴʦʲô
Ե¡
ȻȴƵŮʣܱ¶Ĳ(qng)Ҳơ
ŮӼȻҲϣЩνҽѧĴʦǣа취κԼĲ
ĵͷԵģ
ллȽò˵
Ŷҽ鷳㽫ȻյλС()ϡ
ҽЩĪˡ
˶һζĿţյ()Ѳɾͻʲô仯е㲻̫ܰɡ
ܿ죬ɢŮ()ϣϸƤʼһС㡣
ֻǼӣСӿȥǴĺߣֻҪ¶ļģ
ΪڣԾʹһȹӣܿȫ()ĺߣȥˡ
Щ֮ǰΪжʧ˶ɴ۾˻Ƥҿȥ(qng)ء
԰Ҹղȫ()żҲƤûв䡣
Ҳ̫ˣ(qng)(ͦͦ)صġ
ˣû뵽Ĺҽô̫˼ˣֻ󿴿֪(qng)
Ҳú棬Ҫôأ
֪ûвơ
ҽԺǼĽһƵƤƷˣûʲôãҲᵽˡ
ҽҩʦǶϵţĺƤǼҲƹ
Ҫ¶²Żᷢĺ߲Ǿǲ֪Ҫôˡ
᳤ҲȲѣԭԹҽģȴǳĸȤ
Ĵʦжȫȷλ˾()Ƥ޷ҽԺҲ˲ٵƷȴȫʧˡ
֢ûˣˣʣµĻ㣬ɣôô~~
()

659.659 Ȼɵ

659 Ȼɵ
ۼΪʵѾŮӵ(qng)Ի᳤ĻҲͲپȡ
Ǻܲƺ˵Ƥ
᳤ҲǱͬĺ棬ǿʣĴʦκ𣿡
ðһ䣬ĲƤɵ𣿡
֮ǰΪŮӼܶ飬ƤķʧˣҲġ
ֻȴ޷֤ʲôŻ̲סʡ
Цʵ˵Ƥļʧġ
Ȼ۹Իޡٵ۹ԻֲΪ()սķʽʵŲͬ()޺ͻֲĵȼܴͬС졣
Щ⡣
ʲôϵ
ֻڷʧûʧ
Ĵʦ˵˵
ͷλС𣬵ӦʱҪӴҲ()մȾʪͺȶûʱ򣬱˴֮ˡ
ʱһΪԪɵųʧֻҪӴ̫(r)ĶͻƤͻִĺߣûҲ
ŮҲ˼()(qng)ĿĴʦҵ(qng)ȷʵģҲڻû뵽Ȼɵġ
𣿡̲סվ()ߵǰһڴֵĵĿš
ΪƤ̫ˣԭҪܲ˷ˣҪβãһӶѵõҸ
ܵĻвܱ¶£Ҳ춼()ޱȡ
ڿϣ̲סҪץס
ЦƵģֻҪʧҲͲٷˡ
֮ΪһЩҩ裬Ϊ()壬һܺͿԼЧ
Ҫ֮ڣֺͻųʧǿ
ŮϲֻҪκãʲôллĴʦ̫ˣ
ѾһˣǰÿȥҽԺЩҽ鶼˵û
úԳƤķΣûãоԽԽˡ
˵ʵ֮ǰеоˣֻҲûϣҲںǲ򣬹ڵЩӹҽ֮ǰȻ˼˼ҡ
ЦЦÿܿͻ῵ˣ
˱ȥҲǲܽκãȻǻһݱ湫д轻ı뻷ڡ
Ͼ֢ܶһ¾κãҪʱ֤ƵĽ
()

660.660 λһ

660 λһ
չ¶֣ҲٻκŮƤĻ
᳤ͲٵĴʦΪĻ˼ԽԽúе֮ǰǺ˻ʧƤ(qng)
֮ǰѾ꣬ھλΪһλ˿ɡ
᳤̧һĶȻŵĲˣ˼Сء
һȥ׷Բ̬ĸˣƽϡ
ҽȥ飬Ҳϣֻǲûʲô()һԼûбκϣ֡
˻һȥ
֪Լٵ۹ĿʮĵİڶԷǰְ˰
Ůӵͷ˿˸ż˵ĹʣǹһתϨˡ
ֻ˰˵(qng)ǰ˲ͬҪغܶ࣬(qng)Ǹޱȣ̽Ůڼһߡ
ѹ³ԾŮ΢΢һЦȻ治ɫ˻صԭλ¡
ҽ½ۡ
ʵֻʮ꣬˥ϵĳ̶ȴǳأѾȽˡ
ϵ˥֢˲䣬Ѹٵ˥ϣҲһ˻
(qng)ǳټעϸҩЧƵϣã
ٱ˿屶ңҲʮ꿰ȱţҽѧϵһ־֢
ⲡûΣ
Ҳû취
ŮӵĲ(qng)ԣҽҩʦû취ǲܿ٣˵ҵӳķ
Щ˵Ľ᳤ۣͷȻĴʦϽأ
ҵϽҽĲ࣬λڵ̫죬˲ֻòϵ˥ϣ()Ҳһ˻˵
ҽô˵Ī˿ûٱˡ
֮ǰµ۶Ʒʵ֤Ǵġ
Ĵʦ𣿡ͻȻӹۿϯһλϴһѯʵ
Ŀ˹ȥͼһݹ
ٵ۹˶˳һȲѡ
λٵ۹һͲ󱲷ȴܸߡ
һλʵĶӣҲƾĻ壬ʮǰѾ
һʱݵĸУȴǻʼǿӵս˧սĳƺš
()

661.661 ֱҲ̫

661 ֱҲ̫
Էǳƣתܹǿ˺ǿսţһս
֮һ·ްܼҲΪٵ۹ĳʤ
ǰ緢Ҳٵ۹ʱڴǰĴ
ֻǽЩȴ͵˺ܶ࣬˱ĳս⣬ٻڹڳϡ
ҲкܶĴţһ汾ˣһֱ()ػ
Ӳǳţһսģʱܶ˷ԣǿнȢ˻
ΪûйЩû˼ӣҶ̫ţû뵽Ȼġ
Ѿܹ()ݺ(qng)ҲΪ()ݣŻ磬ǿӲľܾȵˡ
ûΪú(qng)Ǻ޶ԷΪղŵ(qng)˼ֺøС
˵ʮҲֻǲŲѣ˵ŮӵòӦú͵ʱڶʮҵŮӿȥ࣬ȴ˥ϳһ
ûŮڻһѹ˥ϵٶȡ
ʱ()ҲС׾ʲôҶ(i)(i)֡
ʻ󷽷ֱ׵Ļصа취ΣȴܺķѾƵҩףҲЩӣû취ǸղŶǰһ޳ġ
д貢ûй涨Ҫμӵҽ޳ΪṩƣĲΪ֢ô˵ڳ˶⡣
ֻȴ㱧Żɣʵֲҩɾȣ˭ҵ˷ϻᵽʮң
ҪҪ⣬ǲΪ˭
֮ǰֳҽ棬ȴκõĿܡ
£ͬɣֻҪһ˿κӲϣŹ
κӵĲҾͽú͸㣬ͬʱԽרֲҩĵóһΪβıꡣ
ƾܸΪӿȥ(qng)Ҫú⣬Ҫ˲Ӵ˱ĳ롣
ҲϣΪı꣬ӾĵΪβ
ϵĶʧȥ˻׬߲Ҫˣ(i)βòҪԶʧȥ֪ʲôԼҪġ
⻰˶һⱨֱҲ̫ˡ
()

662.662 ˴

662 ˴
ֻҪٵ۹е()ݵλ˶ֵ֪ж
ֻ()ʺֲмӳõ̬ǣֲŵĻٵ۹ҩüֵܸߵϡҩġ
ٵ۹۹ҩ˾ûٴҩĵ⣬Ҫֻϧٳۡ
ɾҲû˸Ҳǿй˭()ݺʵȨʵ۵ӶԲ˭а취
˭û뵽Ϊ˸βҪĻúóҪ򵱱꣬ŵˡ
ڳкܶ˾òֵãֻ˭˵
ҲЩֱʣתһȻˡ
ҪǻԼҷվĽǶȣҲͬѡ
֮βɡ
Ҳ뵱ӵĲ(qng)ͷӹȫǱƾ˵ġ
ãҲ뷨ٺú̽¡ϵĵͷ
ҲΪˣòٻ̽Ʒˣ׼˵Ļ˽ȥ
ܶ˶׼ʱ̹עŽᣬ߹ƽ̡
潫κãǽΪҽѧϵһش漣ôҪȥ̽֡
ֻҲûϣΪʧܵĿ()ࡣ
˻룬˵ҲΪκãųôıֱʡ
()߹ȥλõӷ
Ĵʦ뵽ҼͣǼ֣̽ھȸˣ
ͷãͷ
ƾȥһȻ§ӣ뱧뿪
᳤ʶȤתƻ⣬ˣд轻˽Ҳǿˡ
˵һѻص䡣
ɽҲǲٵ᳡
ҽҩʦǣ˽Լż潻ǰҩ˾ǣҲڽʱץǢ̸һЩˡ
һƾɢŸ߹ƣȻֱӴ뿪ҲԭҪѯʵҽҩʦֹ
д轻ֱķʽڹٷƽ̨š
˵Ϊã׵ֳһѣۿֱزǶˡ
ǵһʽǵڶд轻ǳʡ
һ˵ҽҩʦȥΪ˴⡣
()

663.663 ߵ㵽

663 ߵ㵽
ԷӣһǲתֱƵ
СϱôҪһ㡣
ŷүӺĲٸ߲㣬½תǲΪĽкܴܿ˸ת
Զٵ۹ֱ(r)ѵһ
ô㣬ߵ㵽
ʵˣŵʱڻĵĹҽĲǵĹҽǿޣ
Ϊ⣬䣡
һκٵ۹սӣʱһ㣡
ķ˿ǣҲʼ𽥵ĺͷһš
Զԣҽģ
˿ڣҲʾ˼֧֡
Ϊ⣬Щ޴֣ҪڵĿˮҲûʲô˳Q
ͬһʱ䣬Ƶ귿ɳһĺ췢ӣȶžƱžƵͶӰѾֱ۾ޱȵС
ԭ׼뿪ľҲΪֱıˡ
֪ԼһʱǰլԺϡ
θֻз壬诺Ȼ˾Ƶֵ꣬Լ̸¡
ʵβ**ҹȥ˲̫á
ƾԿǹȥԳ˵ڡ
ʵĿϣԭĵĿķ羰Ŀһ
ԽڵҩʧЧָˡڵ
ǴԽһģȻ䶪һķ䣬ȥʱһӡ
ֻҪԷָӡͻʧҲܸӦ
΢΢üǼһָٶȻ죬֪ǻȥ֮𣿡
ˣҲ׷ٲֻҪ¾С˵
͵͵Խ()һ׷ٷ˶ԷϢֻҪٵ۶ķΧڣ׷ٵλá
ƾҪǸ£Ҿ͸ץÿȥǿ˽㶫
۾һãôܱˣ
ɱֳԿȥûܲǸ
˭۸㣬һƤԺ󲻳ѵƾ˹۸ãҲʰ
ںźƵԽĪúе䡣
Σû뵽(qng)˸ˣһˣɻɴ˸Ұ
˸û£׵Ҫϱһ١
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

664.664 ð

664 ð
ܿɵլԺսžܵ˹ܼҵ(r)(qng)Ӵ
Ҳ˳΢Цˣλ룡
Թܼһ˻֣Դˣȥ˺һıµ¥
¥ֻһ㣬ԡҵ⣬һģռܴ
֮ǰŮӣĿһźܴɳϣֻǿ˹û()
¡λ¶һЦݣ̧һơ
߹ȥ()ߣ˫ŷŲܶЩͷΰɡ
Ů£Ĵʦȷʵ(qng)Ȼһ۾Ϳˡ
ЦЦҪ֮ǰΪʱֵģÿ췢һ֢״
˵ĶԻűȽ
Ĵʦ֮ǰ˵ӵĲΣ𣿡̲סٴȷʡ
ͷȻģûҪƭ㣬ϾҽѧǱ߻ġ
ʵҶеĻúڱصãβӣҲܸҡ
ǿ϶ġ˿ĿĶͺãҪô𣿡
Ҫôƣʡ
˵ƣص㻹ڲ()ϡ
̸̸ܵ𣿡Ůʡ
Ů򴽣ǲǿʲôˣ
ǣôʣһ²⣬֮ԻֲΪҩĺ֢¡
㿴ҵ()ˣŮ̧ͷؿ
ȷԼĲ²⣬ˡ
Ǵһƽͷ岻Լͬüͷⲡ(qng)ܰ
һľȣû뵽ˣ˲ҽ˼ġ
Ҫ֪Щ꣬ӿܶҽҩʦܹȽ߶ģ˭ûз֡
뿴ƽͷܲλرһ£
ƽҡҡͷֱӾܾУãȻӵ()ʲôҾͲܵҪɱô죿
õ(qng)ϣݲðʧ
ԣΪĵİȫ룬ǸǲܻرܡʵڲеĻúǲҪˣⲡҲˡϵ˵
ҪûúȥԼĿܻնݳΣգԸָ
˲䱻˵ǽҵʲôˣ
ȥôͶ
Ȼ㲻񣬿ǲðաƽǿ԰׵˵
ԼĻֱ˸ˣֻܵͷͣԣ
Գװϵͳһ϶װŪ()дɣ11Ҹ~~
()

665.665 

665 
˼֣Ҳ֪Ҫ뿪ⲡҲˡ
Ͷȥһѯʵ
ŮŴ˵Ҳˣ
ĴʦҪԳȥˣſ
һ㶣漴֪˼ˡ
(i)ӣŮҲ(i)Ͼٵ۹Ļʵۡ
ºͷ岻Ὣ()й¶ȥҿԱ֤
Щ۵סŮӵ֣ô࣬Ǻúβ
Ĵʦβɣ()ݣʲôӰ죬Ҷ׼
ƽͷ嶼ǼΪģһЩ²⡣
˵()Ѳǿޣƽʡ
()Ӧòôģڻղصĵ˵ǿֻҪһҩ֮󣬾ܳ׵ı̬Ҳ޷ر塣
һ㶣ƽȻôͲµˣЦǿһ壬Ϊҷ(jn)ҩȴ()ų⣬Ȼ()Ѹٵ˥ϻ
ƽͷԭˣǾͺúưɡ
ŵ̧ͷ
Ѿ˿ܻᱻͷõ׼ֻֻҪκӣԸ
ƽĪĿһۣȻأҶǿûôĳӸУѡ
ֻҪ㲻ѵ۹Ҷᵱ첻֪¡
Ȼû(i)Ϲ˭
϶һ˿ݣл£ҿԷģǾԲᱳѵ۹ģԷġ
ŮӼԼ()Ѿ¶ҲûǿһģѾڻбҲȥҲðٵ۹
ƽ飿
˽⣬ǿ޽Щֻһλ屻
ʧЦʲô£
¼ߣȻѡǽͺúù(r)ӰɡƽЦ
ףҲôġ
ס˵ֻ()ߣͨһһ򵥵(r)Ӿ㹻ˣ
ķס֣ĶͷҲһֱġ
Ĵʦƣ
ͷû⣬Ȼ()˵ˣǾͺð졣
ʵ֮Ѹٵ˥ϣ()(jn)ҩ֮ų⣬Ƿ(jn)ҩ֮ȴѡ
Ϊ޷ٱر壬ڵֻάԼ̬ɶȴƱػӪɱͻ᲻Ծ
()

666.666 

666 
̾˿
٣ӦҲһЩɡ
⻰һɫ˲˱䣬Ϊ𣿡
ԣͷ
ĪĿˣʲô
ûлش𣬶ǿ飬ʵɣܻҪ֪ġ
Ҳ֪סˣԼĶѾбˣ
ʲô˾Ǿϲ̲סüǸղ˵˼˥ϵģ
Ȧ˺죬Ӧǵġ
Ϊʲôأ̲סЩ
ʵ˵Ϊ㵮һã֪˵ҽˣҲѡ
ʵҲû뵽ôֻǿ޵()ݣһʱͷ˥Ϻںйء
ɾ֤ʵ֮ǰ룬Ҳӣ
(i)֮ĽᾧԼȥҲϣܽ¡
ÿθоڶҶ̲סˣ뽫£뵱衣
ӣԶ·֪ǰְֵ֣䶯˶ĸŲ˲
㿴͸ǵǲܲҪġû˵
¶ʹ֮ɫĵȥĳԸҪ
ɫֱ˱䣬һĿɬ֪ԻҸΪԼѡ
(jn)ҩǿޣںǿһģҪʱŻᵮá
Էޣһ˿Ц⣬(i)(qng)ѵá
Լȥȡӵĳĸ(i)Ҳغ
ȻûкӣȴվŮ˵ĽǶѡ
ȻҳƣȻȱסֱס˵ģǷİɡڵ
¶ϲ֮ɫ𣿡
ͷȻҲҪǼϲС
ϣֻҪκ飬ʲôϡоԼ(qng)ڵһ⡣
ǣҪʲôҶϡֻҪ¶ĺӣʱ(i)˺ͺӣҪʲôԸ⡣
ڴʱͻȻסӣȫ()ɫ˲ҰͷҲðϸ
ԭ˥ϵļȥֶһЩơ
()

667.667 õ

667 õ
飡
۵§ţ̧ͷ˵ĴʦĲˣа취ܿ𣿡
̽̽ܣ㽫ƽΪ룬ڵʧ
ûԥæ˱ŷƽ
ó룬()˼룬ÿһ϶עħٵ
ҲʱѹƶԷʧķħٵעڣĺܹյϾħٵҲǳĸҲС
ԼҲעڽϣͨľһߵСڵĵطγһ
СһΪӵһǿ޵ѪԳɳҪܶ࣬ĸӦʱͻ᲻Ծĸ
ʱСһʶĸʧ
ȥƬ̾Ч(qng)һĺתҰ׵ɫҲָ˲١
ʮӺγʱڲٲˡ
оΣ
оöˣ()ش𣬽̧ͷŵʣҸܲĶˣû°ɣ
û£ʱĸٶȣʱڲκ⡣֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬Ӫڳ㣬㲻õġ
Ŷ˿лĴʦ
ղŸо()һǳע룬ԺӦû˺
֪кˣﻹǺܸ˵ģӷ뵽Ǹйأ˲˲
ĴʦҪôأ
ǵ˵ȻҪΪӪǲǻҪֱУ
ӵ𻹻ֻܴºˡ
Ĵ㣬ʵֻҪҵĴƷС
֪һЩҩģƳɵҩСú󣬾ܲӤҪҲʧ
漴һתֻҩĲҵ
鷳һ嵥ôңҶȥҵġæ˵ֻҪϣͺá
ͷóֽʽҩϸд
ֵҩȽƫţܹϵĻᲢ࣬Ϊãǰڼ忴һεͼλû취⡣
ӹֽһ飬Ȧ֣ԼϵͼƬ㶣˵ľҩ𣿡
()

668.668 ̫

668 ̫
ǵģ
ٵ۹߶ҩĵĳƺͬԻ⽫ҪҩĻ
ֽݸ飬飬㿴ҩǲ֣Һ
鿿ļ򣬿ֽϸȷͼϵҩģҩҶһ̬ϡ
ҩģҵֲׯ԰ҲСɨɨҩĵֺͼƬ
û뵽Щҩ鶼˳Էӵֲ
ֻҪҩռҾƳҩСĲ(qng)
˶˵С֮ǰõ(jn)ҩ()Ӱܴ󣬻ܵܶƣ꺢ӣһΪļҩ()Щ
ǿ޵ҪüֻҪ֮ǰʧȻȴԭı(jn)ҩ޵ʱֲٻû⡣
ǿһ㶼ܻϣ黹ӵлѪĿԸЩ
Ϊ(jn)ҩԼɱ̬ʹ࣬СҵŻᵼѸ˥Ԫ
˵ıȽ׶鶼¶ڴϣ
ллʦǻĵĹҽ̫ˡ̲ס̾
ЦЦÿǸ꣬ҿ
С(qng)Ƚ⣬ڻǵú󣬵ҪϽƣ߲ܳٵ۹
ҪÿһҪȥҵũݾһʱ䡣
ҪάٱգʱԷħٵС
ǾȥĴʦũɣʡȥȥʱ䣬ӦһЩͻ(qng)ʵᣬҲȥסһʱ䷽βġ
Ǳ߽ܣ˵ѡ
οԵСϱũס߲ӦҲࡣ
Цã
ϢǾͲˣٹΪСʩ롣֪֮ǳ֮()ҪúϢ
ӷſɳվ()˾鷳Ĵʦˣǳȥ
ãҲ()
ͻȻڵţ
뿴
žͼжһ꣬ɫ˸һǹֲ
ǻúĴʦ°ɡݸ
()

669.669 Ϊʲôô

669 Ϊʲôô
Щ⣬ھ͸ˣβ𣿡
Ц£Ĵʦҽ
˵ҪβҲˡúӦúҪȥðɣβĶ𡣡
ȻӴʱݣȴ()кܶĵطźܴ
Ҳ(ͦͦ)ϲģԲȽú
ӹúĦĻꡣ
ȻҾͲˣСú˯һ
úҩǰҲֻڵ伮͵Ͽʱڴ˵оֵģ쿴Ǻ͵伮һ̫Ưˡ
оħٵϲ(qng)ֱ˹ȥ
ħٵĿռ鲻ϵΧŻúתƣȻϲҲʼͼܴܲ
Цס
ͳţ뿪Żȥ
ȥʱѾſɳ˯ˡ
߹ȥԱߵ̺Ϊϣָ⻮ɫ͡
κӣǾͲôˡ
漴̲סĶӣȻЩԹôܲ(i)Լĺӡ
(i)˵Ľᾧ˳£һлһӡ
ϣ̾û뵽ӣȻǿޡ
Ҳû뵽ѹӽ˴󣬴ڳϡƽʵҲ⡣
Ҹû뵽ǣӾȻ顣
ʣ磬ʲôôᱻǿ޳ģѵΪ(i)
֮ǰǿʱǿʷ϶нΪ޵(qng)
ֻ(qng)һֱֵĻ˾ͽΪǿ޵ıߣ޷ɣֻȥǼ˻ӣ(qng)µĽҲá
ƽصǣΪɱԼĸ׺͵ܵܣһŻǿ˷ͳġ
ԭҪ̵ģȴŸĳ˷ǿ˵ǣȴٵ۹
Ȳѣɱ˸׺͵ܵܣΪʲôôȥʲô׼ˡ
ǿĵܵܣȢĸֻΪĸ츳Ƚ˺嵽꣬Ϊ˵õһ͵͵Ĵ˽ĸˡ
ҵ֣ĸ׺ˣűࡣӳȥһʱ䣬вǼµˣΪĸ׺ĸɹ𡣡
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~컹0~~
()

670.670 ¼ܣ

670 ¼ܣ
ǿһţûжҲǿٵ۹ղعǿ˵֪ġ
ƾ()Ϊٵ۹Ȩ߲ܲ鿴ǷȻ()ݸ߹󣬿ȴûȨޡ
ûо(qng)пԭ
ҲΪЩ(qng)УΨһĹɣҲԸҪҲҪºͶԷ(i)(qng)ᾧ
ˣѲɻŹꡣ
ϷҲһ뷨Ҳͬѡ
ƾͷҲ()ݣ˱ѵ۹
Ҫǻٵ۹߲㣬ĸ߲֪ԻܵĳͷȨǿкϾϵ
ص֮()ݲй¶֪Ǵ鷳Է嶣
﷭һۣ⻹ҪԼϱܲ
ȴЦ˸ģף
ƾЦЦͺã
Ͼðվ飬ҲΪҪȡúⶾָ
ͷͻؾƵ뿪ˡ
Ȼطϴ˸裬ȥ˶Խķ䡣
źͼһֻɫСèſɳϣ̧ͷһۡ
üһ￴Ӳָˣɱ任̬ҩ¼ܣ
߹ȥͷ
ҪǻƽѾָԽ϶ըëˣǶʱѵѾϰˡ
컹(ͦͦ)Եë׵Ķ䡣
ԽӦƵĽлһ
ѧèУ¶˿Цݣ֮ǰǱĬѵȻû׷ѡ
ϸԿ()ʵҪ档
Ȼԭ޾ɵԽ˾񣬡
Ϊ֮ǰѵʶӰ죬Խʱ˿ȫԼѾָʵ˿ѷɫ
ԣߣߣ()ë׵èͷЩźҪһֻèͺˡ
Ǻϲëȳġ
Խϰ()ͷ˲֣ȻŵһϤζ
Ů()ô˵Ϣζȥ˭
ͻȻ֮ǰֱ￴Ļ棬ܾ֮ǰæβһĪϤУѵ
ܣý㲻ܱǸģġ
ﲻȷҪһֱ()ߣûȥô˵ϢǴ˵ġ
һʹԽȥ˲˲()˽ԼֵһòͣԽԵࡣ
()

671.671 ȻҪ

671 ȻҪ
ڶ߳ţͼſſһֻСèһȵˡ
èץܵſſŸ
ԽѧèѾȫûоΥ͸ˡ
ĵһţ䵽ļϣʮƤĲˡ
Ҫһȥ
ôʱ˹ŵԽ˲䲻ˬˡ
ҪһһֻèҲˣھȻſϱϲôС
ǹȥֱӽԽץţôȥˣ
²µԽͼ̫ģҪǳȥɣԾŲˡ
һչŹ()ϣŵζ
ɱ尵þԽһѡ
Խһצץ˹˲ץۡ
üӷǰɣ
һȻָˣǰСèצץûаãܸоۣ˺ۼ
𣡡Դ壬ԽɾûôõˣֱĿ׺ĵһʱҪߣӸһܵģ
ʵһʱ䱻ѹȲˣûжκεǱĬ˳ӸлǺǿġ
һһ޿˴˶˳ۣۼžҪܣĵˣһֱڷҲģȥһ͸͸ɡ
㱧ǿ
ȻԽȥ飬Ҫʲô
һҲ³ļһҪʲôϱķԸȻᷴԣУұ
ֻҪһľС
Խܲϲ壬˲뱻Էš
Ҫ(jn)ͷϾʹ˶ԷȥԣȥҰػطȥ
ҲڵҪǲԣͻط䣬ҿɲܡ
һͲһֵ()ӣҪʱʱУǲù̡ܽ
˵ĻԽúǱȴˣʵɷ屧Ųû취ȥˡ
(qng)һҪúõһ뿪
˴Խȥ˾ƵſڣƾѾͣš
ϳƾĵƳ˷廳Сһֻۣè𣿡
ǰЦ˵ҪϲҾɡ
ӷ()λϵԽ()ӽ˽Ů̫ûˣȻҪˡ
()

672.672 ʲôЦ

672 ʲôЦ
ƾڿʶȴһֱڹ۲档
Խ()ӽ˽¶߷߲ƽɫǹ˹
ðҲ(ͦͦ)ϲèģҰɣһúöԴġ󼸸ҧЩء
֪ΪʲôԽĪĴһ
ȻÿˮķۣݺݵĵһȻҪңίͰ͵ӡ
źЦͷԣҸǻʵۣϲ㣬Ժ͸ɣ֤ĺġ
𣡡Խת()(ƨp)ɶ
һСӻҪƾĺģʲôЦ
ȻϵѾĬҲ֮ǰõġ
ܿ죬ס
ԽǴ˽ȥһӭӵĻ顣
ƣ첻ûв״̬ȽϺá
ںԺһЩֲҪһȥ䣿Ц롣
()ϴһԼϲϢ׽
΢Цð
ҲȽкøУǶԷ(i)Һ޵()񣬻ΪԷӵֲ׽С
ٴαŵԽһֲţýϢԲΪʲôˣ
׽(jn)ҩϢ͵(jn)ҩȻԼ׹̶̬
УһҪһýʡ
ǿ֪ͼԽָ̬ûϳԼõ
ĺԺ˸ֲʻභ޵ĿʮƯ
óЩֲﱻһĹͣǿ츳ͨ϶ֲкܴϵ
ǿǾĴڣҲѹĸᱻΪˡ
ǿˣҩǲȱٵĶҪҩȻٲҩˣױϡ
ǰţһֲ̽껨ĵԽԽͶ
״̲ס˿Ц⣬ԴӴ˽ӴЩҲûѿԡ
رǻ˥֢֮߻ݰ岻˵ʲô￴񲢲ѺãôҲûн
ڿóѵĵйͬȤ(i)ãܽһˡ
ǰÿοһˣǼٵġ
תͷ翴ƾ£л
ƾ֪˼Цļ򣬡һˣÿ
ڻλӡ˼¹ϵҲá
()

673.673 ÿ

673 ÿ
һ˻԰Żصʼơ
֮鷸˯ź뿪
屧Խȥһ·ûڣµģ
״ؾƵͽ֮ǰķ䣬ȴûϴš
һΣʣ𣿡
ʮ**ģø綢㡣ѾԽԼҸˡ
һָ֮ǸΣշӣȥ£鱩¶鷳ˡ
ʵ϶ѹԽ(ͦͦ)ĵġ
ϾЦݣãŴ˸úչġ
ڽ˦ˣʡԼľҪʱܽѵũ̫ۡ
Ĵ˸ãһｫĿ((Ʊ))(r)ӣͲɵֻ
ص䣬ԼҸ緢һϢ
ƾ֮ǰѾʶԽ()ϴһӡԷֻҪһжӲ۾
ΪǿԽȻҲû֡
ҹ˾ʱ͵͵ĴӾƵ˳ȥ
һܳƵ˸Ǳ˿ĺ췢꣬Ŵһֱȥס
˳ʧֱһֻɫСԺӣģϢ֮ǰĽɫȫͬҲûз֡
ζֱӽסǶ¥Ƭ̷ûлٿ˽ȥ
ԭɳϱһֲͼ飬һʱͷ˽
˯ϲѣҪȥսŰ£Ǿ׼ȶԷ˭
׼ն˱ϵͳȴͻȻܵһϤϢһֻɫС()Ӱڿ
СԽȲѣɿնˣԼûȥ
ɫСԽڱС棬ϢҲͬģһ۾ϳ
˶ëŻû˺췢ģý㣬㡣
վ()ӹϴܿ˿оȫ۷
˶ûп֮ǰԽʱһӰҲ˽
ƾԼӳ(to)һ󷨣ֻ()廹Ϣ˲Զλ£˶ûз֡
д̽˼**(i)ãʵԽǸΣÿˡ
ЩģԽжһ·˹
Ҳ뿴˻᲻Ե۹𺦵(qng)Ӧԭ()úػٵ۹Ȼʳԡ
()

674.674 Ǿһܵ

674 Ǿһܵ
ߵԽǰɴžȵɫ
СԽôܵˣʡ
Խصٵ۹£Ƶֱ￴㣬оϤַϢҾܹˡ
ǸӵСӣȻܸýǱģɶԷĳè
ԽĻ鵹ûлɣԭˣСĵ㣬ٵ۹ǿ޵Ĳ̽ǱȽϸģɱץסˡ
Ҫõܱץס鷳ɾʹˡ
ĸ׺ҲԽĸǹۣԽ˴֮ϵҲܺãȻýܣȴ׽ܡ
֮ǰԭҪ˲ϴ̵ģסһ
֮ҲԽȥкûܿ࣬͵͵ܳǸµĵطһֱǵݶ(qng)
˵(i)⣬ԽҲΪůˡ
ԽԼý㻹ǱȽصģЩһûĺͱꡣ
һСĵġ
ǽôӣ޸ӣΥͨ鰡
Խ֮ǰý͵뿪֮󣬾ʧȥϢ˲Żôʡ
ҲûϴαǸ׷ɱʱӵһŰǣȻ˵
ҵʱ׷ɱÿԽ()ڻǾͳ־
û뵽һЩ(qng)Ȼһշתȥ˺üദз˸(qng)
ұ˳͵ǣ֪ȥҪӳȥңǾͽҴٵ۹
ôʱദҲ(i)Է͵õ(jn)ҩױ̬Ҳӡ
Υͨ飬Ҳ⣬ǸˡԳЦЦ
ǿˣĺ޸УҲûҪȥ˱ʲôģֻƽƽĹ
Խ̾˿ҲԣֻҪܻĿģġ
ýܹҵһ(i)ˣҲΪ˵ģЩ涨ûִ̫иС
Ϊʲôģ(jn)ҩҲ꣬ôỼ˥֢أЩܵĿ
õܻǱȽεģǽòԭ˵һ顣
Խ˿ĶӣҾȻҪֶ𣿡
ǸŮ治ôҽͳյĺãȻ˵κ㣬ֶ˳ǾһܵġԾ˵
()

675.675 أ

675 أ
ЩȺͺĿ
ʶ
ԽŷӦԼ˵©ˡ
ڨڨЦЦʶĲ¼˽²
Щϰ߱ˣ治Ǻ¡
״ǺȴҲûж̽˻ǱȽϲģɱ
Խܵĵͷãģ
Ѿˣܿ뿪ѳèı()ݡ
Ҫǿ𣿡ʡ
Խصˡ
룬һֻǿ壬ƽļܺݸ飬
㣬ٵ۹ˣм()ݲͣ¿ϵǣתҡ
ԶƾĿܺϣ۾΢΢С
ЩжȴûнӹˣѾӣ͸ǿ޵()ݣҲҲٺеǣ
ĺˣȴǸ޷ܡǸĿԽ
Խɵ
ԼԽ(qng)ûı䣬ֻܽܺջء
㲻õģĺܺãչ˺ҵġдż(qng)˵
Խڰ֣ˣ㲻еǣԺȴһҪңǿǽܡ
ЦŵͷǵȻе˿ɾˣҲġ
ҲңֻҪ漰ٵ۹£Ҷ԰㡣ǱȽϼᶨġ
ԽʧЦУ֪ˣ
ģԽͻȻ⣬˻ˣ뿪лټ㱣أ
ЩᣬҲ֪ܵܲ£ֿ϶ᱻץģãȥɣҲأ
ԽΪɫСޣ˳ȥƾҲ
ԽһʼžƵȥߵ·˵(qng)ǾͲ׼ȥˡ
ҪҸطϵٵ۹ߵǿޣһúõһ١
֮ǰ(())׷ɱԼҪƵ(qng)ϣһ
ǸƾȻ뽫Ҫȥˡ
С(din)£תͷ׼ȥҰ֣Ҫٵ۹Űѻƾͷһ
õģյͷܳȥһ·ǰͻȻһɫ()Ӱסȥ·
СأƾƵĶԽ·ЦЦĿ
Ȼ͸ԼĳǾûзܵĵúһúء
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

676.676 ͻȻѪ

676 ͻȻѪ
ԽŶԼǰò忡˫ˣʱһֲõԤС
װĿƾװл˼
ƾװɳèԽҪһ֮òҲŽˡ
Լ()ëģѧè𣿡Ц
Խ()һղȥýõǱС棬ƾϲŹˡ
ɵŭŪã㽫Լһֻèˡ
Ȼ()ݣҲأ˲û˿ĺ췢ꡣ
ֻһղŶƾѧèУ̲סö
ʲôʱֵģԽǱʶӰ쾫Ż뵽èĽɫ()ʵߵġ
ӸղƾĻУѾжϳԼ()ݱ¶ˡ
벻ͨΪʲôᱩ¶ΪԼεûǺܺõġ
ƾЦĿʲôʱ¶Ķ֪ǿ޵СӣҲ
Խ˺ΪĵҾͲ㣬Ϳ㲻˳ˣ
ǿ޵ļ̳ˣһȻҪҪȥر춼һƵģúܲˬ
ƾؿ̫ˣ
ʲô˼Խʡ
ƾһȣҾϲ˿Ҳ˳ۣҡɱңȴ޿κεӡ
رһʱ䣬㻹ùԹԴ()ߡҧгȴû취ӣҾòƻ(ͦͦ)ȤģʱӲ
ò˵ƾ忡Ǹʳ˼̻ɣȴҲǸڵġ
ƿ˵۹Щġ
Խ⻰˲ڵĸʲôҹԹԴ()ߣǲǵ֢
ƾЦЦûУҺ
ߣԣԽһֱҲйƾô˵ʱŭ
ƾȥ߼ѹɢӡ
ƾɷᵭվţֶ̧˶˼ܵѹҲɢԽѹѹơ
ԽʽҲɻ⡣
㾹Ȼǰ˼ߡԽŵĿŵֵƾ
һصδҲ̫˰ɣ
ƾЦ׼ȷ˵żˣ
()츳ͺܺã湦ȼҲмӳ֣()Ϊʵ۸ȱԴٶȻܿ졣
ԭҪˣ˲䷢ֱԼǿܶ࣬ԽͻȻѪĳ嶯
()

677.677 ˭˭ˣ

677 ˭˭ˣ
㵽ôģһǰǻֻ弶ߣ
ǿǿ(qng)վռϣһ㲻ġ
ƾҲ񶨣(ͦͦ)˽ģһǰȷʵ弶
Ҫ֪ôģʵʵĸһȥܿˣֺ֮Ǻ¡
ϧԽȴˣҲŲҪȥ
ÿҾԲȥġᶨ˵
ƾҡҡͷǲԣҪҶ֣
漴жһɫС򣬡ȥ
ע֮󣬽ɫСȻ˺ܶ࣬Խȥ
ԽǱϷһ⾪˾ֲõĸоæͷͳܡ
ɽȴһ֣ٶȽС
Խײ˹ֱԵȥʲô⣿
óЧֱɱ岻ϵͼ˺֣ϧʧˡ
Ե㣬ھ͵ýܳͷˣƾ֡
ԭĽɫͻȻСԽ(jn)УĴСŻص
СѹӰ죬Խȱ޵ģ˫۴һ־㤲š
㵽ҪʲôԼֻǱСռ䣬ȴ˵Ͷ
ƾС򣬡ȥȻҵ
Ѿ͸ˣôˣһ䡣
ԽڵóףҿûдӦ
ΪûѡȨƾں£ֱӽСӽ·ڴס
ԽԴν󣬾ûзһ˳ĵ(qng)
֮ǰĳΪû취ҲΪ˶Ǹ(())ֵ׷ɱ
ѾָˣȴǰѲ˵ˣ˭˭ˣôôùá
ƾصҺȷһϢãѾԴˡ
ȻǺģֱӽĳֻ߹Сӳת͸ԼҴ硣
ϴƾһ˯ۣűߵңµ·ĳ
Ǵ·óɫС򣬿װͰ͵С޾Ȥ𣿡
ԽҪˣϻ
Сʱ̫̫ĥˡ
ǩһʱԼҾͷƾеĺһȡ
Ȼó򵥵ʱԼǶġ
Խһצӻƾ治ǸǷʣʲôԼ
()

678.678 ڿҪԼ

678 ڿҪԼ
ȻҳԼҶˣҾǿȥ
ƾŵʱ˳ǿ⣬֣¶Էܾ
Խһͷߣʲôжˣ
ô⻰ôô壬ĺ˦һ
ޣʲôأôҲӲˣ쵰󵼵ģ
ʱԼʲôô
ƾ룬ʱԼǿþͨ
ʱܻᴥ򣬶˼Ҳеɡ
漴ЩĿ˿Խȼ̫ˣòƶûʲôôԿҡ
ԽצˣⲻҪļһ۾˵Ϲ
ƤЦ()Ц˵ĺôԸҪ
ƾһڿȣȻסСɣûʱ˷ѡ
()ȥ˰칫£óһļ׼ġ
ԽòУС˼צӷйԺһǿˣ
Ȼ()Ϊ˵ƾͷ
Խҧгݵʣʲôʱ壿
ƾļֶ£ʱ䲻̫õġ
ʱ̫ǿǱ߿϶Сϲ鷳
Խ˸ۣ̫Ƕãһʱ䰡
иͷ
֮ڰɡƾ˵
Խʱ䵹ǲ˼Ƭ̼ҧУҴӦ㣡
º󣬵صǿˣ취һ
ҲЩ棬һΪʲôôģĵĺ()вء
Ӧƾָ˵ɫСԽ˳
̲סʣʲô⣿
ֶûû
ƾҲûã˵Ҳ
ŽɫСץ˹ָһѪԽͷϣ˲͸˽ȥ
ƾĬһһʱԼӡĽԽĶͷ󷨸Էһ(jn)ơ
()ߵʱģɣᱻϳġ
Խ޵ģǳһֻèɫС޵ģͺϳ
ԽƾһϵжͶԷһ˵޵ϵ
Խľֶܺܶ࣬κ棬µʱ̽һҲá
ٵ۹Ļʵۣ̽ܣǿкô
ܶʱ򣬺溦èĳֻСڿҪԼˡ
11~~~
()

679.679 ǧ

679 ǧ
ỹʣһ죬Ⱥҩ˾Ǣ̸²Ʒг˲ٵĵӡ
ȥסΪٵ۹һơ
Խг嵥ҪҩĶ˹ҲƳ˵ҩ
룬Ѿѹƺڵٱߡ
Ǳ̥裬֮ҪӪõ䣬ĳɳÿһšһƿҩݸ顣
ӹ£ӣãлл
ƣ춼ûз̥ڶҲһĻԾ׷
ʣ´Ҫʲôʱ׼ֱȥһҽƻ͵ũס
ص쵽ʮ֮䣬ܳʮ졣
ãߵǺð죬ȥ롣
ƾЦ˵Ҫ鷳°æһ¡
ǻʼһս˧ڻң()ҪûҸ߲ͬС
ٵ۹ҼȨƾֻҪˣ˾Ҳûá
ƾͷû⣡
ֽſЦ˵Ǳ߻Ҫ鷳սæͨʱ䡣
û⣬һҴкġһǷܸ
Լʱ֮˾뿪ˡ
ƾȥ˾Ƶ꣬ҽ诺磬һȥԸ͡
þҪ뿪ˣദ¡
ðûͽˡ֪˷õҩȥˡ
磬𣿡Цʡ
ƾЦãҺǩʱԼҪʱʵʵҲˣʵһúý̽ô˵ġ
СģǺѰ
ûèǷʰģ˸Ҫǧ֣Ų
ƾζĿһۣã
Ƶ请ƵĵҩѾ֮ǰµҩ
֮ǰ˵ľռ䣬ҲѾͨҩ޸ľһĻָò˶þͿԻص۷״̬
оΪ֮ǰ͸֧޸ˣȻ˲СǷʵҲ˲٣ܴܿﵽ˼
ĵЧ棬⾫֮ǰ۹ҽҩʦ˸޷ָĶۡ
Ҳ͸۹ٶȼԭҪԶ޷ָ᲻ϵµܾͺȫƿˡ
Ͼͳսſɲǿ()ݣҪԵʵ
12~~
()

680.680 ôã

680 ôã
⣬Ҳָ̫˳£Щ˱诵()ϡ
᲻ųԿ
ȴȫûǣĵҩ
ȥ֮ҲǴ˸һֵˡ
ƾΪôƿٵ۹Ȩ
ϻʵԼ()ʵǾԷֲϵġ
һϣҲ˸ġ
һĽǣˣ
ҽϣҸ˵ܳ
ǰڵʱͱΪϵţЩϱ˵ҩûʶˡ
Ц§ǣˣ
֪ˣϱǰüĴϿú͸磬Ÿˡ
ȻĹ˹°ͣ۹⣡
˵˻ͽӵƾĵ绰һ˾Ƶꡣ
˶ڹעƾλÿ춼壬ں硢诹ϵȥҲȲѡ
رٵ۹ĸ߲Ǿ˾λµ֪ģƽĮɴȥ(qng)
()ݣӭϻ۹(qng)
ôͷ壿Ҳ۹һЩ˶˸ı̬ȡ
۹ļֵܵõϢ(qng)Ͳôˡ
Ǽһôٵ۹µ۴ˣ˵ˣ©ַҹ갡
Ҳ˼߲㶼Ϊܽٵ۹µ۸ˡ
诺һ졣
ƾҲ÷еǰģó۹˷չļƻǣһɺʶ
ƾȻ粻Ǻ˳ۣ÷ʵı䲻ˣҲֻܻŵˡ
ȻżҲöԷͷ£ҲǱģ˭һ顣
ڷ÷ƾܶˣʶȤҲ޳(i)Ҳ磬׼
֮ƾֺ⣬ָˡ
Ƴܹһ˼ãǺ޲ԼʲôõĶǡ
ĵҹһ˲ŴӲᣬ֮Ҫһ档
ڶ죬ǼʷɴҲ۹
صũѾҹҪķ˳ȥͱչؿʼⶾ
֮ǰ˻úҩѾȫ롣
()

681.681 ڴ

681 ڴ
ڵĶرȽ⣬𤸽ѪӰܴ
ҪƵĵҩȼͻܷݲðʧͷ
ͷǿ۷ʲôԼ
۶ܶ˶ҽѧֱҽ˸ε˽⣬()ë˶˼
ǻĵڶ죬ܶ˾Űݷҽˡ
ҲлүӺͷѹţԻᱻŵ
žݳء
һֱڱ¥ɫƣۡ
ɳϣΪ磬(i)ģˣ
ҪΪԼҲôۡ
ЦԼҷķ񣬡ֻҪָܻҲֵõġ
ҪĵҩݸһȥðɣҪܽȫų컹١
ģã
Ӻ滷סյסҲʧģ
㣡ĿȥѧУϿΣõҩⶾնϵҡ
Ƶĵҩ֮󣬲ûʲô֢˲ķʲô⡣
ã§Ҫ౧
극ͽĳ()ߣ󱧱Ĵȥⶾ
Լ׼úõ˯һ
ڶȥ˷巿䣬ȫ뵽ҩⶾ״̬ŷĵ˳ȥ
ùͺԼȥѧԺ
һѧԺӭ˲˵Ĺϲϲҽѧһ֦㣬Ϊ⡣
ǫĽǵĹϲֻҪƣȽ͡
֮ǰµĿγ̣Ҳܿ춼ȥ
죬ϵĵʦκ󣬿ճ˼ʱ佻(qng)
ѧڿҪˣܵʱ䣬ƶҪʼĩԡ
ץʱ临ϰȿԣȻղͬĿĿʵ((co)co)ˡ
εҰ⿼ˣߵϹذ죬ǽ͵һѧԺѧԺͬ꼶ѧһС
忼ݻûг˵꿼ѶȻӣǸ˵ĳɼ⣬ѧԺϣھͿʼ׼
Ļһϲҳ
ƽɼõ˶ϲĿˣƽùľͺ¡
ȽƽÿϿζµĿҲȥΪһʵѧµľǿԡ
۾ѧĩĿԼҲζſѧʱûõĶľҪнˡ
ֻҪʮѡ޿ζͨһӮĻֵˣڴ¡
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~ĸ»0~
()

682.682 ǵɫ

682 ǵɫ
ϵڵ׵Ĵڣѧ֮󣬲Žƽˡ
ʱѧԺһ𿼺ˣϵҲǺ󷽹ʦǵҪҲûôϸ
Ҫ˵꣬¿ˡ
Ҫ߳ʱס
ʦ£ͣסŲʡ
Ц˵εѧĩԣ׼ˣ
Ȼϵǵ׵ģɵʦǻϣλΪǺϵٴѼ⡣
Цŵ׼Ļʦİɡ
ãʲô¶ǡ⻰Ҳˡ
УзӶţ棬ֿ()ȽСֻھ濼лֺܱóɼˡ
ҲǺϵʦڴġ
õģллʦ
Ժϵĵʦӡ󶼻һЩĵʦ츳󣬿϶䣬Ƕ̬ȴûʲôı䣬չ˲١
صũȥ˷ķ俴˿()ѾųǣĹš
ⶾЧȻǲģܽ궾
ȥʳóԷлүӺ͸ջũҶ
ҶȽϰɣũסһʱлүӵۣһһٹϵܲһԷɢ
ҶҲлүȣǺܶ˶ûģҲлүӸϲ
Ľ㣡Ҷϲɵ߹к
ЦɫȥҲˣָĺܺá
ҶЦ˵ⶼĽҽߣĻʳܺãҲŻָôá
˵ҲʵϲũϲʹĲôӳڣľʱˡ
Ͷסһʱ䡣Ҳϲɶµ꣬䵱˵ܵһ
һԷлүӿǿҪѧĩ˰ɡ
ǰЦүҲڹעأ
ǣĲϡ
лүӿ˵ڵһѧԺͶһ꼶ҲμӿˣŵһѧԺõ˵ĵһ
͵ҾͷҪúõķӣһѧԺЩСǵɫ֪ˡĳ˵
дŴ(i)ͶĿãϲũҲϲСѾͷ
ԼŮһ(i)ϣεУУͻ𣬲úõЩ۸ֵ͵С֪࣬ܵ
ҲͷһĪһš
()

683.683 ûб

683 ûб
һѧԺͶѧӵܣƽһ츳áã۾ͷϣĲС
лүӿźܲ˳ۣԼӣҶϲ
ڴԼӻᱻѹһͷҲӦõģСӾǷѵ
лүӵҪĻһʣǲģôƫĵ
лүô˵ԼģʧЦҾ
ĽҲŽȡһóɼġҶҲһСҷۡ
Цͷ㼪ԣ
δӴУҪӴ󿼺Ѷȿʼĸ߲㣬ڶֻһ뷨ڶѧԺ͵ѧԺܵġ
ÿֻҪһ𿼺ˣһѧԺǵһô˻ûбơ
û취˭õһѧԺУ԰(to)ʩʦѧ츳ȶǰμġ
ӵʵǱȽϽģϾκͼҽ̰
һѧԺѧҲϸûƾʵѧѿȥӵܻˮġ
츳ͲýӴĶ࣬۽Ҳͨ˿ټϼѧУãҲ˵һѧԺno1ĵλ
ڶѧԺƽյҲ츳ͳɼѧҲһЩӵܣֻԵһѧԺҪٵö࣬Ǽļ̳֮ࡣ
ǷϾڶѧԺΪ˸Լҹùӡ
ϯҪǷĸ࣬˵ļͳɼҲǿ϶ҪȥһѧԺġ
ڵѧԺͱȽˣճɼƽ񣬻ǺӵܺǮǵҪȥ
ЩɼõƽװģȫǴӸļӺ츳ͻѧÿ겻ýѧѣάٵĽѧȥ
ҲɹЩûǮȴѧǡ
竺Ǯ˳ɼһĺҪѧԺǶýһʵѣҲ˵ѧԺǮѧԺ
(to)ʩǳȽĸ»ʦҲǸ߼ģʦۺϳɼҲǰ
ƽУˣһûһѧԺڶȴڵڶѧԺ͵ѧԺ֮ᣬܼҡ
ͬѶȻ˵һЩȤĹҲĲ˹ע
ֻǴҶһʶۺϿ˳ɼĵһ϶ǷǵһѧԺĪ
()

684.684 ׻ָ

684 ׻ָ
˵˶ձΪµڶѧԺ˷ˣҲ̫ܸı俼˵Ľ
ʵǷ徫޷ã˺ܶơ
Ҫ֪뿼˵֮ǲ(yn)Ÿҩȥʹõģѧƽһ־Ҫȡʸ
ָܹʻ׵ҩܴţҲܴڶѧԺ˵һ
ҽܸڿ˳еôռλ
ֻ˵Ϊ˵ĲμӣôҾεĿ˽һЩͷӦòжٸı䡣
ܿ۶ҲΪ˵(qng)һ(r)飬Ҳкܶۡ
ڶ죬̨ȵһ()ʱо˲Զһҵľ
һĻȣҳľڳ׻ָˡ
ɾܿɢȥ²ܿͻԼ뵽(r)ӣϴȥһٷʢ͡
徫ȵĴžŵһζ¥ȻϲæµĲůůģһ˵ҸС
߽ӺȦס°ͷϣʲôóԵأ
ȫ(i)ԵģⶾָʳΪף£
ЦŲͷң(r)֣
ǵģ첻ֻǷⶾ(r)ӣ(r)
֪Լ(r)Ͼ׼ڽ׵ģû뵽Ϊ˹һţǰףɹһˡ
֮ǰӿ˵ҩſܽĶӲᵽɣΪľǳһ(r)
(r)ܸˣлл
ȰѲ˶˳ȥҺܿͺˣЦ
ã
СͶ˵˲һԡ
Ϻ߳ܰĳ͡
ȥҶ㡣Цʡ
˵һȥǱˮɣȥԺʴ͡
ˣǵҪҵơһֱǵڡ
Ц֪ƵĲҶѾ׼ˣ
סˣ
˳ͣ忪ȥ˺ߡ
ǰ͹ܵһҺͧ廹ûùֱȥͣŵ㡣
ָƺͺ֤ɹ˿ſͧ˺
һᣬն
ӳͶӰ
ڿͧϣһ־Ϳ˷ߵ(qng)
()

685.685 Ҳ

685 Ҳ
ӲֻڿͧԱߵﲻɵø̾Լ(ͦͦ)ġ
Цӣ֣Ҵĳ档
һǽҪҪȥլԷڿǲȥˡʧЦ
ͷȥˣ֮ǰЩҶǺһ(r)Һһ
ÿĽ죬үү()()ְָæո(r)׼ϱ
ϳǰҲ˶Ϣֹûע⿴
Ӻ(r)ӵѡ񣬡ã濪ĵ㣡
ӣ(r)֣
լԷ˳Ǹ׼(r)ɡ
ĿųԽԽ˧Ķӣʱ죬һԼıСӶҵϱˡ
ü۴ЦãҲôġ
ã˵˻ỰͷӴк
дŴ(i)ϲãǺú棬һլԷ
ãͷദܺã⡣
˵˼͹Ҷ˵绰
ܿүӡֵ̫̫ܡùõ½Ƶ绰ף(r)֡
Ƶ˷һֱսפصĶø硣
øҲլǵĶԻ
Цǰƽøפزͬٻÿ˹⣬һΣҹ(r)Զլ
ҺͶ塢øĹϵҲܺãǲþ
ףţ
ԷҵĳԱ(qng)֪ġ
үһŮϴ󣬵ܵ϶Сġ
СþǵڶѧԺԺڻδ顣
ǵһսŵĸս˧һֱפսű߾
ֻһӷұѾ꣬ûкӣפڵڶսŵĴӪ
ʵֻСãûмͷ
Ǹս˧()ҲܶսȫʸΪһսŵļ̳ˣȴλ˳
Ҳ˷츳Ȼ֮үӵϲűΪսż̳˵ġ
󷿺Ͷ֮䲢ֵܸңϵǺܺõġ
Էͷұмֺ棬͵ʲôźá
ŷѣԼһЩͷֵܵѵȣ׷׸绰߷ףš
(r)(ͦͦ)¡صͣն
һ߿ͧһǣ֣ҲԵĶӣǵһսŵļ̳ˣͲô绰ͶϢˡ
ֻм˺(i)˻ףԼ()ߣҲˣ
()

686.686 ôôأ

686 ôôأ
һֱ֪ȻͲȴһŴǵͷԡ
㵹֪֮Ŀڷ()ϡ
ſ֣Ϊ§Ҿ͹ˣ
˫ֻס̧ͷЦ⣬ֻҪ㲻룬ҾͲԺÿ궼(r)һϣ
⻰Ķˣôôأ
ãҲ㲻ҹ(r)ң(r)Ҳ㣬һϣһһӡ
ĵ飬;á
о(qng)ͷģϲ㣬һӶֻϲ㣡
ӦҲֻϲ㣡
´һᣬͧҲһƬȽĺ˻Ǳˮǣȥ
ϵǱ׵ƯɫҲչǰʱĻһȺȺĺ㻷()š
ǵһǱˮǰǺͽ㵽Ǳˮ˻˸оҲǲͬġ
ǣϱǱţ˵̡
˶ߣں()ʺܺãһֱǱĵطһЩޣɢѹˡ
ںǣһ磬һˮ˲Ƭ˲Żصͧϣһ㡣
帺𿾣ιҧһڣιһڣͨ(qng)һ
ҹĻҪʱ˲ſſͧصϡ
ȥĺײ
Ǽtģڸ߶˺ʲ֮ںףȻĺﻷƣװ޺Աϲʿӭ
ƽԤλҪǰһܣͼtһֱкũ߲˳˽˹ݺͳãʣµĶtˡ
绰ütæһλãԷȻܸӡ
ĺǵӺ̣()߲˶ũ֮ҲǼt߼ģζǷǳġ
˵˲ɫļʴͳ廹˲ó͵ʽ
һЦٶ˵һ(r)֣
ллϱӺ
ͣʱѾϵʮһҡ
()˵⣬ȥҸط㵽˸㴵򣡡
()ǣ֣ð
뿪ʱ˼ͬò͵(qng)£͵͵ǣŨŨ뿪ıӰ
()

687.687 ζ

687 ζ
ﺣ̲ǶȼٵĵطҲʮ(r)֣вٺߵľưɣĴŵơ
һȽƫƧȴŵƵĺ̲
óһ鲼˵ϣȻĵ˳óԼȥ
ĲȴƯ滹һԷΪԭ͵ĿͨСˣдšף(r)֡֡
˿ʱ䣬óһЩ֮ǰ׼õԭϣʼβ
ʼ̲סն¼ƵҪԶ¼Ժһķ
ܿ죬һɫ׵ľƳ
˿ʱ䣬㣬Ц˵ȴԸɡ
ͷ˫ֺһ۾һԸһ
óһεıӵ˾ƱȻݸ塣
ֹסӣҲڴʱס
ԭɫҺ˲˱仯һķɫݴð˳ƯԲ˸
Ƶֽг
չȥ
žƱֽ˽ŻðŷɫݵĵƣоԼҲð(i)ݡ
ллϱ̫ϲˣ
ô죬Ҷ᲻úˣӷŵߣ
ЦãƾǵȵģԺÿ(r)һζɣ
⻰ҾͷˣһﾡЦ⣬·ʱҹĻ貵ķǡ
ЦźһڣһʼЩζžĻ𣬾ǳ쵽(i)һĺܿɿڡ
رǻʱ򣬴һ˵Ķζ˳
úȣϲ˷ѣȫˣ۾ҲðŷۺݵĿ
Ҿ֪ϲģŷЦ
꽫Ʊ£§նһźա
һɫĳȹĻڳͺ󣬻ط任һɫͬʽܼ󷽣ȥǹ⴩(qng)װ
ҲͷļϣϴЦݡ
󣬴յʣģҷǲɡ
ôҪ°ɡ
ԲϣҪȥҫ£˳һҲĳЩϱģԶĳհصˡ
֪ʲô()ӣɣ㷢ɣ
ϱˣЦһ£óն˵¼ǲ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

688.688 

688 (r)
˾Ƭȥ
ǣǱˮģһιģһ𺣵͵ģ(r)ģǱƵģͷǺյġ
壺(r)ллϱ飬ллϱĵ͵ƵľƣpsⱭƵֽС
ô˵ȥ㣬תƬҲһǲ
(i)(r)֣ٸ͵Ʒ
֮ǰ˷˿Ⱥֻǰǲͳ㣬ԴҶûеط
Դӿʼ׷ǲܿӵӴķ˿Ⱥ
ķ˿ȺҲӴͬʱҲΪڹע塣
(r)˿Ǵ0㿪ʼͲϵǲˢףˡ
Ȼֲ²(r)ôģǲǺһ
ŷ½ǲȻ˿˲ըˡ
[]
[(r)ȻŮ顣һԵֱֵˣҪղ(())]
[Ŷգ⵰ĿžԣС˺ͷֱһģһĽ˸ϱ]
[ֻƯȻβƣƯûҾ᲻úȣֺ]
[Ů(r)ҾԼҲ(i)ˡ]
[ôôأһҳˣ]
[ôûһƵŮأĽ]
[ˣֲǷҲǶһ޶ģ]
[ʣʲôǲģ]
[()Ϊ(i)ҾȻ̲ס·תۣϹ˱˵Ϲҷǵûᣬֻͳףޣ]
[㲻һˣҲˣֻϹ]
һȺϹķ˿Ƕʼû취ʵ̫ˡ
[ϱǲһҲʼˣΪ(())иˣ]
[ûȢžͺϱˣǶ˼ҸϿŰ]
[û취ϿȢؼңҪүүȵģ]
[Ԫ˧ϱؼңź]
һȺ˿ܳģµ٩壬ŻͻҪ滵ۣȴ쳣˾úг(i)
ҵ˶˷ǲעյʾ
ˢ˻ۣүͯˣ«ưѶȵ۱༭һǲ
ս˧ϱؼңź򣡷
ǲһЦ˺ܶˡ
[үүôô(i)ʾޣ]
[ϲүүүүҸң]
[үүһ򡭡]
žǸֵ٩үӺͷģû취ү̫(i)ˡ
()

689.689 Ϊʲô

689 Ϊʲô
ǲҲˡ
үү̫ˣǾأ
ȴůůЦݣͷԽԽˣ᲻ôأÿȶС
ңóģͷ᲻ء
ϲүү⵹ǣүүǶܳ裬Ӧöû汻ɡ
үȻСӣԷȺͷҲȽϳ(i)ֻǳ(i)ķʽͬ
صǶ(ͦͦ)裬ø类үүҽԺס졣
ǾȣΪʲô
øȢɩʱүүܷԣҪȢΪ˶ײүүԾͱˣ
˵֮ͱүүȥսפأԶ۶ˡ
үүǻȢ޵()ӣΪʲôôøȢأʡ
̾˿ø绹δȢɩ֮ǰʵѾ˻ԼΪǸŮˣȻȥѻˡǸδ޺÷֣ʱֵҶǳ졣
үүøֲøȴ˵ϲǸŮˣδȢǲ𣬻Լ԰á
ȥԼүүҲû취ֻȥƺȴøȢǸŮ˽ţ˵žǸģȢžǻʱҲԡ
øһ϶ǸŮˣ¼ＫԣԱүүһٽҽԺΪۣǶѹȢš
Ҳ˽ֻ꣬йŻ
ǸŮ˵ӡأûмˣҲ޷¶۶Էĺû
ƲƲ죬ᣡ
ǸŮŸ˭ǷǮһžͷҲ֪øǲŰʣϲŮˡ
΢΢üģΣ
ְɣʵ(ͦͦ)ģǸ⡣
뵽ʲôøǸŮ˻㿴øǲʲô(qng)ߴ֮ġ
ʧЦ(qng)ʵ࣬ϸ۲ǡ
ϸøǱǸŮסˣҾǳԸġ
˵ҶͬһģҶСһСʱԼ˶Ҷ϶СԭӦĵģҲͱˣ
Ȼֵܣ(qng)ȴһԴøȢǸŮ˺󣬺֮䲻ˣϵҲ˺ܶࡣ
ߵģ̾˿ˣʱ(i)(qng)ֵֻԼ֪
()

690.690 Ҫʹ

690 Ҫʹ
ǰƵ(i)ԣ۶Էô(i)ºͼ˶ϾϵϧҲ֪øǲ֡
ǸŮ˻᲻øȨʲôģ
ҷ֮ǰǿͻϮΧǱҵй¶·Ҳ֪Ͷ᲻йϵ
˵ǸŮ˵Ƣ˽ҲģҶȻ(i)ȴݡ
øֱȽϲ()ˣսָͣӷҲ츳ȴϲҪڶսŵļ̳λãȥˣóνͱʾûʲôȤ
֣ǾԲҳ·й¶ȥҵġ
ԴˣԶεġ
ס֣ͷɿļϣţֻҪžͲҪκλɣʲô(qng)סɣ˸(qng)
Ȼôø磬˵˵ĸ(qng)ӦǾסģҲԸȥŶԷ(qng)Ǻܿɹġ
ǵ۾ôģ̧Ҳ
Цǣ˭ð
۲һǱ˴ĥʲô̸һȥʲô˼
ˣ㾫ָ(qng)ȥҪ𣿡ʡ
˵øǸŮ˻Ȳˣ˽ºүү˵˵С
ø磬ȴǸŮˣȽϵᡣ
ҪʲôأЦЦĿ
ָ(qng)ᱻ֪ȥһѡ϶Ŀġ
ٺٵЦЦʲô㡣
¸ǲҪ͵һѧԺѧԺһ𿼺ҿۣ˵Ҳܷþҩ׶ʻˣǿ϶Ҫ䡣
ȿ˵ʱָҼʻ׸ǿǵ
ߺߣǵڶѧԺŲȵһѧԺҾͲνԶܵ񻰡
֪ҪʹϲⲻѧڿҲȲҪþʱѧԺá
ѧڻԻѧΪõõ˵Ĳ࣬ԼҷҪӦѡ
Ҳôġ年§˵ΪֻҽϱҲƣ
ܲõѧԺĵһνԼãѧԺĿˣͲܷˡ
ں̲ϣ(r)һųԹ⣬ֿһСʱǣſũ
()

691.691 Ҷ

691 Ҷ
ڶһȥΪҶġ
ڵϾѪҺѾȫųڣҿԿʼΪеڶεƣڵķ()Դų()ܳ׻ָˡ
룬ҩԡҪݣһ䷽
Ҫҩ嵥дһҩĶũûֲģҶ׼͹ٺҪʼݡ
嵥ϵҩĶʲôϡеƷ֣ʱȥ׼ü
ũ߲˹ϹҩֲҪٺܶ࣬ҩЧҪ˵㣬ԻøϿ(qng)ʵˡ
Ҷӹ嵥𣬡õģллĽ㣡
ˣҸ˵ԼԸ¡Ҳǽ͸ͨʱ˵ġ
ǵ(qng)üĿҽҪȥҳԷҶûʱ䣬еĻũȸ衣
Ҷͷõģҵʱȷ˸㷢Ϣ
Цͷԣ
ҶĶ˺죬ȥлүүˣ塣
źߵҶϲֶһ㣬ǸԺӣȥɣ
˿ũıûһ칫
ģҰִ绰լԷҶøǵˡű˵
رվ()ð
һũ忪լ
һž˵ҵĵϵˣ(ͦͦ)(r)ֵġ
ʱ(r)أϵܶ඼꣬ҽܸǡǣ֡
ǣţð
߽˶Ѿˡ
үү()()ְַ塭˽˶кһ顣
ߵһսװӣһȴżӢŮǰ
ģҶͶ
塢ã΢Цк
Ӷͷ࣬ȴȽºͣãӭΪҵһԱ
ô˵ǽ˼
˴(i)ЦǸ˵СѹôϲҿŶϲ
ùϵܺã廹δȥפսʱĸţ˾ŴǶһĳš
֮ǰǲҲˣҲһ˽⣬Сˬģϲ
֮սҽҽԾĶһ׽С
оĳĶͶĽԼЦϣлл塢
()

692.692 㶼ܣ

692 㶼ܣ
ǣߵһʵǰԱһޱ(qng)ò޵Ůӡ
øɩ
Էұĸйٻһˣֻ۹òƲôǷ˵ģ治̫ϲ
ǺòЦкø硢ɩ
ұЦĵúãǰһֱҼĳƢҲϱû뵽һˣ˸ôõϱ
øˣЦ
ұԱߵŮޱ(qng)ĵƳһۣԵĲϲ
ӦͷкԸ⣬Եúûò
ĲϲԾ͹ⲻ
뵱ʱûҵô(r)(qng)Ϳ
Ҳûʲôܳڵĵط
ôԴܲˬ
Ҳ룬˭ϲһߵﶼ䷶ʮ
ż̬νȴˡ
Ůɫøͼ˿ܲˬˣھȻɫԼĿʲô⣿
ɩҼǵưͰɡЦĵʣȴûκ¶ȡ
û뵽徹ôֱ׵ķԼɫ˳ʲô˼Ů˵ưͣô߹󣿡
ɺöˣŮòˣ˭һÿλطҶһɥžͷ
һֱǰ()ӣҲֻǰŻҲǷݳģڼԼϲá
ȻҲΨϲλɩǰ˶ụ̼䣬ֻη˵ĸ
˵̬ȣɺء
ȻҲǼûòȵġ
⻰һ˷ұ⣬˶Ĭûһ
Ͷɫ䣬·̵ĲԼϱһˡ
ҲԿڷж಻ϲ
㣡ϴűŭǷҲӭң߾ͺˣ
Ц㻹֪Լϲأѵô֪֮
Ҫǿøϣ͸Ů˳ˡ
Ҫ֪Լӵδ޶ߵģһɩʲô
㣡˱òᣬ˵壬תͷԱߵɷ򣬴żʣô˵ң㶼ܣ
ұϵ֮ɫĸǸоۣƢûʲô˼ˡ
()

693.693 ֱȳ

693 ֱȳ
޷ֵͷȥ
кԼӲᣬŸ˼²̨Ҳ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
ұ֪Լõܵ()ӣɲһĻ̡ҪǿϣѾֱӸˡ
ԲĻ˿ɲ(qng)ʢ˵ĵ˷ұһۣã㲻ˣǷҵ˲ϲңߺˣ
˵Ҳ˵ĸܣŰվ()ҲͳкŸ߸Ьߡ
ұ״ĸۣɻ()׼ȥ׷
飡үͻȻеĲ豭˵ϣǽǹΪģҪıɥģ˭ҿҲûء
ұҪ̤ţԺҲͱ̤ˡòᡣ
ڳ˶һүӿǺٷôġ
ұͣסҪ׷ŵĽŲŷүӽͣүүʲôϵ()ӣûʲôĵģˡ
ȥʣļôƵϱûʲôɫǷǷһ
˵ûлˣҿֻƢ()ӲƷҲǸõġ
үӼΪ˵ģɶԼһϲһۿ;Ůһ̱񣬿ӾԽԡ
ģ㿴ԼУǸþսսȫǸŮ˳Եģǲ뿪ͻˣ
С˵ҪүԽԽǰĲ豭ͳŷұ˹ȥ
ұûжãһֻȴ豭ˣҶͲˮһ()
εĿү˵ͷǸŮ£Сʲô
ò˵ֻҪĶԴˣʲôʱ򶼻᲻Ծ̡
ߣүһ
̫̫״үһۣƢҲհɣԷɱŵ
()()()ɳϵĿλ
ܹɵ˹ȥղ̫ãת˻⣬()()ҿ㾫״̬ãһʱ䲻㿴˼꣡
⻰ɲ(ƨp)̫ľ״̬֮ǰãȷʵˡ
̫̫ҲһۣѾͷ𣬾ҿˣ
ھϱȫˣǰûԱȣϲҶˣ˶ԱȣǸϱ
ﲻɸ̾۹⣬ұӼֱȳ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱף¸Ӧþͻд󱬸~~~
()

694.694 벻ͨ

694 벻ͨ
˼̫̫⡣
ǿ̫̫ЦɲǺأλҿ˺ü꣬㱣ء
˵ˣȫûǸģ˵˼ҲǶţǷ޹ϵ
ɲΪһϲϱͶġ
ιιɣԼѡġ
ԼϱȫѾˣղĺãһֱ˵Ķ˵ˣȻû׳
ϲٴζԼҶӵ۹ôôϹأ
ǿˣȫҳ˷ұ⣬ûһϲ˵ģ
˿ŷǲףȫ޿ֵҲŷұ(i)ɡ
˵ʵʵ̲סãλ()ܲø磬۾е⡭
̫̫˻˻⣬ҲûȤȥᡣ
ִڷұļϣС磬극һȾƣǺþûдһȾˡ
ұһ£ЦУǣ
ղŷʶΪȥүĲ豭˵ºӣȴǹģοΡ
˼Ůѻ(r)ȴɫ˼ҿڸǲ˼˦ˣֱ׳صãѾ޷Լ(qng)ˡ
ôͲǸϱϱһأ
()ִһֻ§ŷұ£þòˣ˵˵Ρ
ͼ߼Ƿ̬ˣԼõʹʹȥģһӶôĲȢӣȢڻ
ҪǻöԷˣҲֻзұŻһֱ˲ȻǸŮԽԽôߡ
Сһ𳤴õȻ()ͣҲԭսǺͣôôһϲŮˣԵԵأ
벻̫ͨ벻ͨˣ
ǰûʳõôͻȻ(i)ôŮ˵ģұүȥפսźٻҲûҵʵĻʣôҪ
ұЦ£ܺͷҲ˹ֵ˵Ц
ҵ߲˹Ϲ()඼ṩĳʦղͣȻ³
ܿʦͽ緹ãүӽŴһȥ˲ϰ˲ͬɫԭˣṩĲס
()

695.695 治

695 治
ŷʢķˣܵζҶЦ߹ȥ½¡
үºЦ˵ʳˣƣ
žҪԸȥþƣȴһˣũ˾Ѿˣ˼̳үүǿԳ
ү۾һũĳƷûвġ
Ц˵ãǾմĹ⣬ϼ˾ƣ
˽˹һ¶ʮֵܻӭ
۸ܹÿ춼ӦҪ˺ãִˮζ㡣
Ե˳ԼξȻܺתϢһʮʮ٣ȥ˽˹ݶλõ˸ࡣ
ЩϼһȥϾλãԼİ䡣
Ҳϲ¶Բó֪Ū˾ƿ϶Ǻö
үȲɫЦŽ˾ó̳
үүǵưɡȻ˷һ¡
Ц()һ̳ƵһɵŵľƱǼ⡣
ŷӺͷ۾Ҳ
ȸүӺ̫̫ĸǼС
үȶƱһڣȻϲ˵þƣ
ƿɱҺȹľƶȻƻǵԭϺáүӳϲղ鷨⣬ƺͲҲǺϲġ
ǰԼһСüڶ˾(i)֡
үүϲͺã÷͡ҽԼˣȻҲ(qng)
ԴԼˣһ򶼷ǳ󷽺á
үüЦͷ
漴һNɪ˵Щͷ춼Ľиϱϧûôõ
ģһ˶Ц
Ҳһڣһ¾ϲ˾ƣȻǺþƣ
ǰһֱ˵Ժȵĺöܶ࣬˽˹ݸΪһһֱܺ棬ںȵ˾ƣ治аЦż˵
ҲЦͬǰƽôȾƵĶúúȣ˵ˡ
ֶϱԽԽϲϧǶϱܱȢҲá
ϱʱұն
źȾƣûעһ¾͵ӡ
ұҹǿưԵնﴫ˳ż̶ִ
ֻԭһ˺ͺգ˲䱻һͨ绰ơ
Цķүɫ˲ͶЦŵҲ˽ɵѿ˼֡
()

696.696 ű

696 ű
˭ӺͶӱϱϱôǿưԵ
˵һĶţұҲһĹ٣(qng)ļ嶼û
ұնﴫһЦŵҲɵѿ˼֡
£һʡ
ʣΪʲôңұҵ۸ϹǸʲôԵģ
Բҵʱ򣬿ǿڿŵҺã(i)ҵġȴұ۸ߣѲǼ̳ˣҪţһֱפսŵŶԡ
ұҸ㣬ҿ޷̣һʲôµļ̳ˣƾʲô۸ͷϣܲе
ʮ֮ڳңҾͻˣҲٺǿ򡣡
ֱ׳꣬ȷұ˵ֱӾԼ绰ˣȻǿƲһˡ
Ҳˣ֪ұСĵӣҵ˶Ļ
ʱϣȷұ
飡ڵϵβүӣǷҵġ
һŭŮ̫ˣ
ͷұøϵܺãԴʱȥսź󣬾սΣһͬ(qng)ֵûٲ
ԼøȻһŮôﵽͷȥԷ͡
˵Ƿ壬һ(qng)¶ķ϶ŭ
ɫŮǵűˣ
ɫҲѿǲΪöӣ۷ұ
˽Ʊ£ǶΪ򱧲ƽԼѡŮˣŹŶš
ҪԷҪͳȥϱԼɫ˺üεĶ˵
Ķϱȥһĳ嶯ֻȴ(qng)
ͬʱҲԶʧ͸ϱúѾǳˣȫöԷͷ
ϲСô裬ǾӦõġ
ҪҶԲǵһʰľ
ԼҶӵ(qng)ȴͬʵ̫ϲˣûò𾴳һǷ̬Ŷӵ(i)ȫɷ͹ţ⻹ʲô(r)ӣ
⻰ԭŭķͷҲ侲ûٶ˵һ䡣
ǲ((Ʊ))ұֻˡ
ǶԼ˵Ŀأ򻻳壬ұ(qng)ͱùѪͷ䵱Цˡ
ұճȭɿǼԷɡ
()

697.697 һҪǺÿ

697 һҪǺÿ
űǸĿŷ塣
˼(r)ȴ˴ҵ¡
̧()һ£أԼֵ˵ǸС磬ҪҼ⣿
ұʧЦʲôҲŲ⣬ֻǽŪ治֪Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
(r)ŪôҶˣĺܡ
ֲŪģǸŮʲô¡
Цŵ֪(i)Ǩŭͷϵġ
ֵܣұҲ˷һ£һоڲС
ŷұ˵Էɱ˷ôһӷʢĲȣ
ûǰһ˽гȥĳ˼һЩ
һֱڹ۲ұоλø񲢲(i)ǸŮˣǸһá
ɵ֮ǰ绰ǸŮ˵Ļ
һ߳ԣһն˸巢һϢ
[øǸŮ֮䣬ܲ(i)ô򵥣ղŵ绰ǸŮ˵ԲԳŵҪãҾص]
һʱͷ˶ţûظҲ̫ˡ
Ƭ̲Żأ[оץסص㣬㿴ø()]
ҲһŻأ[ûУ()ϲûбߵĺۼҩҲûҸҰѰٿ]
[ţһһᣡ]
ղŵ(qng)Ȼһ˶Ӧ˵ЦļԷ
ʮӺ󣬷ұնٴ𣬲ȴֱˣ˹ر״̬
ƢǷֵ͵ģҲ(qng)οˡ
һδεûĽˣ
ŵŷұļˣնﴫ޷ͨ
ұУôйԺɱһȥˬֱһų뿪ˡ
ҲұľܾǨŭ˷˵()ϡ
ΪѾ˷ұһǷ˱˵ʲôŻ᲻ԼΪ˺ݺݵؼһʣһҪǺÿ
ҲûǺͷұ˵Ļңһ绰󿪳ȥ˷
լһ˳극ֻص
ŷұļʣС磬˵Ҽĵҽ𣿡
ұΪҪҫܸӵЦȻˣһȥٵ۹ҽѧƵ
ҲӭϷ壬ҲǷĵ뷨ĳɾҲᣬƳƻҩһͺţˣ
()

698.698 ʲ

698 ʲ
岻ûûε()ӣҪøҫϱ
˭øϱôأ϶˿ε(qng)
ȻҲϿĵҽ㿴ɡ˵ԼĿġ
ûұЩЦã(qng)һ̵һȦΪҪ
ģвûǿ()ҴͶ綼ĿأҲܷĵ㡣
ǰûˣҪʲôߺ֢Ͳˡ
ұûİһۣأ
õܵĺ⣬ҲƴǣЦ˵Ҫ鷳ˣ
΢Цøˣ鷳
һֻҰѰ
ãұȥݸ
ԭ˵үӵ˶׷ͣ£ǿ
ΪұøǰܹˣڲʱĻᷢȥĻ˻ȽϴҰ㿪ҩ࣬Ȭ
浹ûʲô⣬ƽעⲻҪ̫۾С
ô˵ЩʧϣøǱҩߴӰŶԼŮƴӡ
͵͵ĺһ
ûж
ûУһ֮ǰĻɲǸŮȫǴԸ
˺ĬˣһͶ˶ԷĻ
ұЦջ֣Ҿ˵ûʲôأҪллã
Ȼһ¾Ϳ˻ᷢҾͲˣҩࡣڴ˵
˲Ǵ󲡣ǺܵģرʱͻȻӰܴ
ǰֻ˵ǷĵϿҽ
Ҫ֪ʱ(qng)˭û˵ֱӿġ
ԷұӡǱȽϲģ÷֪ͨ㣬ø粻ÿġ
ұ()ûʲô⣬Ҳɵ÷
һᣬүӺ̫̫ϰ()ȥ˯
Ҳͷ塢С˵һЩ(qng)Сȫ岻졣
վ()ߣȥԺȾƣղŵ˾һûȹء
ӺЦĿɣүү˯˾ˣ㣡
ȾүүԼЩЦõ˵ͷԽԽСˣ
Ȼʣﻹ𣿡
׼ôҪõܹȻúõһǸŮ˵(qng)
ûзѾ˵ΪԼõܱôѹʲ
()

699.699 Ƿ

699 Ƿ
ܲµǵ뷨
Ц֮ǰһЩ׾ƣҷ˿ռֻǶЩߡ
ҪľǶߣŹζ۾һ
õܵľã߶ȾƸȻһʱǵ˼
￴ԼڵĶҪʲôˣȻϳԷģүĲǡ
֪ˣͷİɡȵͷȻֵܼһš
öǴˣСÿżѾʧıӰ֪ʳʲô
Щεĵ˵ʹұڷܽǻǸŮ˵Ľ
һԵɣ˵ģԼѡ·ŹŶҪꡣⷽ忴ıȽϿ
˶е˵(qng)
һߣȼȥԺӣͽ׾˳
ȻֵܿʼԷұơ
ȥұȾһ㱡죬ʼ˼⡣
ҲǸˣ˿óȵС˼ô
ӹƹĵƣε˵ˣˣȻǺþƣ治ˣҪʲôֱʰɡ
УʣɲǷֵܾá
һﻹֹͳԲֱӽ⡣
ұô˵ˣֵȻٹơ
ȿڣСʧٵǶʱ䵽׷ʲôȥ˻飬ȻҪȢˣǺܲ⣬Ϊǽɡ
ұ֪ҪĬƬ˿УҾ͸ǰɡ
ǰŵһսŵһ֧񣬺ǿһ֧սʱ˵⣬ױУһŰϡ
ȻҾͱһ˾ˣȫ()޷ͷһСѪѹʱ()ʧҵһֱϤĵչҡ
֪չҵһŮӣ˵Ҳʼ
ͻȻһ죬Ҳ֪ΪʲôȾƣǾȥæ˻
صĿ˿˭֪ȴˣڶ۾׻ָˣԱҲһŮӡ
ĵһαҶˣһֱίĿ壬ңȻ۸
֪Ҿãƺ(qng)һ㶼ǵˣŵ˷ȷʵз֮ʵζ()Ѫ
ҾúܶԲǳŵȢá
ȻΪңʱ()ߣҲһ˵(qng)㺡
Ȼ˲ֲʵҾҪǾȥ˻飬ǲͬʱ˺Ůˡ
ҳҵͽսţθѾ뵽˹裬ԲŻ˺Լ˵ĸǨͣΪǷġ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

700.700 ôɺ⣿

700 ôɺ⣿
ڳļ˶û뵽(qng)ԭһӢ۵İϷ
Ҫ˵˼ҹ÷ұ꣬ҲǣϾͻȻҪȾƵģصá
üͷôоˣһֱĬĬС()ߣϤչµˡ
ǰҲ񡣡ȵͷ
ܿŷұʣ᲻᲻Ǿˣ
òЩ˵ȥʱˣ֮ǰõܵأ
ȥõܾ㿴ӦòڻϴˣϾζʲôҲ᲻ͬ
ұЩͷ۵˵Ӧòᣬ()ϵζû䣬Һ۾ĻָܹһЩҲ
ٺַһºųױӡҺһŮˣѾҵӣӦõġ
ֻû뵽ǰ()Ƚϴ󣬱ԽԽ̱ͱ䱾Ҳ(ͦͦ)۵ġ
ұԳЦЦҪʼװģĺĺϸչҡ
ַʲôܾ(qng)ûô򵥡
ұҲʵصͻˣҲ⡣
Ҳص۶˻飬˼˷Ժһԭ򡣡
ʱ(qng)ȶҺͼ˵һԼӵ(qng)Ҿŵȶ˵
εļ˵˭֪δޣվ˵˻Ựҽ˻(qng)ԷʵҲϲˣ˻ּͬɣȴˡ
Ȼź˿ˣһѣͻȻˤһӣȻˡ
˫ִ˴ȥҽԺ󲻵ûбסӣΪܺٻˣһֱŻôҡ
ҶԲĵطηƢһ뵽Щˡ
ĻȼҲ֪Ϊʲô֮ǰǿұԲԭ
һжɺϵĻǷұȷʵ(ͦͦ)Բ˼ҵģ˱()粻()ӣ˵ȴ̼йء
ɷҵˣҲҲͬŶԷѡ񣬱ϾΡ
ҲǷұƢԷ䱾ĵű
ַұ̫ģҲΪһ㣬ܱˡ
ø磬ѵûκλ𣿴Ӿ㡢Ⱦƻеôɺ⣿
̫ɺϼһһ(qng)¾Ϊ֮ˣš
()

701.701 ӦԼĸо

701 ӦԼĸо
ұȽθУѧУҵͽսţΪСδޣŮ˸ûʲôӴҲûκξ飬пܵԣŻϵ
©٣ֻǷұһֱԷھУԾͺһЩؼ⡣
ȻǷصø磬ȻҲѶԷ
ұ̾ҲûлɣĲõĽû⡣
Ǹоأûоã֮ǰദµˣͶƿʼ֮ˣоϲͬˡ
벹Ķ֮ǰ˵(qng)㺣ûоòͬˣ
Ϊ۾ҲƭˣԼĸоǲƭ˵ġ
ұ㶣Уиоһˡ
֮ǰ£²˵ɸо˵ܰ
˾ƺ¼˵ˣȴҲҲĸо()ϵζòͬģҸҿ϶
սźǶѧϰαһЩԼĻױܿ϶ݻ߻ױġ
ʵȾ֮ǰҾ͸оЩ̫һˣչ˵Ҳûôģһ
ɺȾģʱҲûȰҶȻ߹ңٺȵ㣬ԲžΡ
ҪǶԷþƳȻ(qng)ͲöԲˣΪȦ(to)
˵ɺϣôĸ֮
ϸ룬ΪʲôͻȻҪȾƣûŵʲôһζ߳ʲô
ƽϲȾƣ˵ҲȾƵĳ嶯ϾʱҲûн(qng)ͺˡ
ۿĲһ࣬ҾøӦԼĸо䡣
ұ˼˵ҲһֱЩɻ󣬵ʱȷʵĪȾƵĳ嶯ֻǺûŵʲôζ߳ʲô
ͷʱǻļʵǲ̫ˡ
ȿʣǲҩ˻߳ȥȾ֮ĳ嶯
ͷУҲŻôøġ
üͷԷұ˵Ҫǵķ޹ϵܸо㱻(to)ˡ
ұ򴽣֪ΪҺãʵҲûɹ֤ݶָҵĹҪ𣬡
ǴңҿܶԶĻزˡ̾˿
()

702.702 Ը

702 ()
˾ҪԼ˸⣬ұҲҪ򲻻ôá
˵Ĺ˵ƽϡʡ
ڷұͼ˽ʱŮļˣŵ(ͦͦ)ģƽû鷳ҡ
ֻǼƼҲǣ˽ʵڲࡣ
ұͷвʾļ˲ûʲô⡣
ƼҺܳҲ˱Ƚ()ҵ()ӣڼƼҲǲ˾ᳰĸ͸硣
Ҳ͸պöԵϣЩƢ
()Ϊһ߼սȥȷʶеġ
ұΪûʲô⣬Żᷢչɽĵز
ʣ˭ȥģ
()ߵĸȥġұص
ʣʱǺǿսͻȻ⣬ĸٵʱ𣿡
ڰұǴˣ㻳⣿
ӾУҵʼսţһֱˣĿ()̫󡣡
ҾʣҲǻ
ǸŮ˵()ӣεŵǺ()ϸ֮ģųø(to)Ŀܡ
˼˻ᣬʵø磬н֮𣿡
оͬȥǰչ˵ǿű()αװĿ⣬Ŀǣչ˷ұǰͬһˡ
ռҵ()ӣװǺѣúߵĿ()
ұصв鵽˻һ˫̥ãֻʱ߶ˡƼڶûзѰңһֱûϢǻɵÿˣ֮ûá
˫̥𣿡ܾһ
ʵø磬ܹðһ䣬֮ǰǰʱı·ʱ֪𣿡
ӺͷԼұĽӴ˲̫ǳ·ߵˡ
֪·ľôų֮󣬱Ƚпܵĳ߾Ǵ()ߵ׽֮ˡ
ұ£Ȼû뵽ôʡ
صı·ʱû()ߣҲδ߹
д浵𣿻Ƕʱ䣬ûнӴ·ϵĿܣǻɡ
ôʣұϸĻ£һԵϸڳԺС
սųҪ뵵ģҰʱ·ߵļŵ鷿ۻȥʱ˴鷿
ʱ˵ң鷿ûھͳˣҲû롣ȴɵòϸˡ
()

703.703 ϶

703 ϶
ĳ·й¶ǿ϶ģӳµڣҲһֱڼѰ˭й¶ģһֱûҵ֤ݡ
Ͼתתȥ˼⣬ǵһսŵļλ֪·ߣû˭й¶Ҳûвʲô
ȥ鷿Ϊʱ˳㿴ǷļȻй¶ȥҲûܡ
Ƣô꣬ʲô˵Ķ¶ϣܳΪ()ϸСԼӣöԷϡ
Ҫ()ϸĻ϶ͷҵĳ˭һֻҪһؼҾͰȫˡ
ƽûʹҶٹսŵ(qng)
ʱԹȥͷ̳˵λãԷҳԹļҵ()ϸôԵıԹҲΪˣû()ϸ֮ġ
˵Ƿұֵܶû()ϸ롣
ǶܹרҵѵóԷ治װ˭ѡȥ()ϸ
ǷұȽģһֱΪƺ(qng)ΣͿ϶ܲסˣ䲻ˡ
˭Ҫ()ϸƢǾԾĹ
˼ȴǸϸ壬ǲǶû𣿴ϿҪ()ϸںܳɹ֡
ԲͬˣȻҪòͬ()ϸֵܼ˾רŵѵרҵ()ϸӴһʱͿܱʶˡ
˶˵ȻҲǾ˵һ()ϸҾܱܿˡ
ƺ(qng)Ǵɣ϶ˡ
Ŀŷұø֮ǰϢҲпܱصһЩҪ
ô˵˲ɵ÷˼
˵ĺеŸרҵ()ϸ()ߣǺ׷֡
ǼֿûӣϲʲôֳģǵĻɡ
ӣҪ()ϸ϶ˡ
ԽԽÿ()ܴ󣬷ұ󱳻ðһ亹ģǲ㺦õܣ
Ҳõܾ޷ãܵý
Ҳ˷ұ(qng)仯ļ򣬡С磬ڻûȷأǱ˰()ߵ()ϸй¶ҳе·ߣҲ޹ء
ҵľѾָˡԷɫɴǸΣ
ʲôβֻұȣֵܶڵĶˣ
һСʱ~~
()

704.704 ɲͳɹ

704 ɲͳɹ
ǴŲţǽָľɢֱӰˡ
еĳԾ֮ɫŨǷַ岻ָֻ˾ǰҪǿϲ١
Ҫ֪еĶȨҽҩʦ޷Ľۡ
ָļҲΪ㡣
·ֵ֪֮ǰȥٵ۹μҽѧᣬΪ˰Լܵûúȴû뵽ôͽⶾˣҲָˡ
ȻԾȴ˷ָˣ׷¶οЦݡ
⣬ҪȥҪúܶ˾۾ɡȹ
Щ˿һֱߴߴģ˵£սﶼ˱Լҵܵûо󣬸ûʸ̳ˡ
ߣῴǻ˼ߴᡣ
ұõָܾˣźһЩָ˾ͺã
ץ֣һĽⶼģһӵľǲָˡ
Ⱳ˾
Ҳ޳һ㣬ȷʵĺ
ԺҪǸҶԲǾʹȡЦ˵
Цãھȫɼ˰
ҲرˣĵõԼǵϿɡ
Цллλ磡
ʵҪһҶԲ÷ҵ˳֣ͻȴˡ
ڷ徫ָ(qng)˸ֻ꣬ع⡣
ұŷ˵ղŵƲ棬һһġ
(qng)֣Ҳоḻһ뵽һЩ⡣
СƶǵԼʲô㻹ܶʲôĿ()С
Լõθֱ⣬þҲ۸˵(qng)
Ҷ˱ˣҲǸµ(to)Ҿ֮۸ʵǱġ
ζ˵Щζ͵һεѪǶαģϾ㵱ʱòᣬʲôʵҲ֪
ָŮ֮ǰŵĺӶġ
ʵҲôģ㲢ûŵĺӾͲģԿǰδ˵ŻȥҪˡ
Ȼ˺ӳ󣬷ҷ⣬ӵΣױԵԵġ
Щֶǰû˵߿Ӿݡ
˽һõûκξķұ()ϣɲͳɹˡ
()

705.705 øŸо

705 øŸо
ĿƼܷӳ֮ϣһʱҪ¼⣬Ѫͺͻһ⣬ǲӹϵһĿȻ
ԽԽǸӲǷұģ˼ҵơ
ұѾ֪ҪʲôԼ(qng)ˡ
һҾ඼Ʋ˳
ˣʱ꣬ûҽ̥Ļ𣿡ʡ
ҪҵŮ˲٣ⷽɱȷұоˡ
Ƿұ(qng)϶Ҫһġ
ұҡҡͷûУҸûо飬ʱΪһѲģҵʱˣﻹȥЩ
⣬֮ǰܾûһԾĵط
뻹ǶԷұʣø磬Ҹղż˵ཡ(qng)·Ƶжϣֻһβ
˶ϰ()ȥţֻҪ¾ܴжϵóԷʲô
˵Ǵ֮˺еĽۣҿֻһΣ˵һ֮֮ǰѻҲпǼٵġ
˵׻ܻܲУӱ濴ðС
⻰÷ұɫ˽̲סʣȷֻһβ
ͷȷ
ҽôֻҪȥ豸ȽȽҽԺܼġһ䡣
ұͻȻһ⣬ˣе·ߣй¶ȥġ
忴ʣ֮ǰ㶼ȫȷôô϶ˣ
ұЩΣȴҲûǴ֮ûͻˣӵ()壬ҸûôٴеĻǺҲûйϵ
СҾ˵ŮôµȥǸ죬(qng)˵˰죬㻹ǸȺЦĿԼõܡ
ò˵ڶԴŮ˵(qng)ϣõܺԼҵܵܶȽϵ
ұô˵˳ǣܲеֵ(qng)ˣڿ(to)Īıñˡ
Ϊʲôõû˲еһ()ˣ
ԼһֱŵķУҲһӿ
ҲˣΪʲô꣬ͷ
̲ס˵öԣоĺҪ
ͻȻңΪԼûиоҪ͸⣬ûɶ뷨͸ŸоˣһζûҶˡ
һ˺ҰһȻֺһҪ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

706.706 Ƿҵĸ

706 Ƿҵĸ
ķ˶ȷ˼кܴ⡣
忴ԼұߵøС磬ȥһɣα㸱ȥֱҵһ¥飬˵벻ջ񡣡
֮ǰȥһ¥齭׾ͲӰˣԼ黹ס
ұ¶ԸҲû֮ǰôΣһЩãȥһ¥²һ顣
˲˵£һһ磬ʱٴλؿ
޶ԼĶӣһʱ䣬˸оͬˡ
֮ǰܴһѹ֣ڷ·˶˺ܶࡣ
ӦǷ˺˵ʲô֮ǰ˵öӿŹҲҪܣǺ۵ġ
ʱүҲ˷ұĲһ֮Ǿʡ
ұҲǰһǽڻ԰̸Ͳ²˵˳
֮󣬳ﶼǲŮ˹ȻǸҾҲô⣬ȻұŸͱء
ҲһΪǷҵĸǣϲһ㡣
극ҶϢ˵ʱ䣬ũǡ
ŷүӼ˺˺Ȳ裬˾͸ˡ
صũѾϰ˵㣬ҶҶڱĿȿȡ
˼ȥլԷ¡߽ȥЦŵ
ҶЦ⣡
˵ұһ˴פػˣò͵
ЦʣҪȵ𣿡
鷳һȾͺãҶ()ϲͿȣرġ
ô˵ȥĥȥˣܿͶ¿ȣΪҶֵ
Ҷôڿķ·Щʶһû뵽Ů֮ô࣬Ҳ
֮ǰðæʵǣһϢˣ׼ۡ
ҶóһתļݸҾͽѾת£ȥûͿԽӹˡ
ҪͶģ㻹⣬绰һһרŵȥõǼǣԺҲˡ
ҼСƣҶҵһ⣬ǿı꣬㲻Ҫܾһ䡣
ŵܵһùһ״̬ǼĺܸˣҲܸм
֮ڵıºͷҵĹϵ׿ΪҶβ㣬Ҳֵǽá
̫ˣд˷11-12Ҽ~~
()

707.707 Ū

707 Ū
ӹļ˿ЩҶҸƱôߡ
Ҷ˵ˣҲپܾãҾˣ͹ȥ
ҪֲũҩģϵĶȷʵҪꡣ
ţʱϵҶͷЦ
һᣬҶҪҩ¾뿪ˡ
ȥһܵʱ꣬һũ
ұݼٵʱȽϳũһ극³
ûʳãֱ˱˾Ųһˮ
ұǵһƷգȻƽؿڸ֮()ɳĲȴ̲ס۾ˡ
ѹֵ۶ڴķһƷ֮ҲŷִԹȻ顣
ЦżرǺʨͷ̫ˣ
Ц˵øϲĻ´Ϣֹͣһܶء
ãλȥפһʱͻص۶ˣʱһƤ䷹ġұͷϵܺãҲͲˡ
û⣡΢Ц
극ȥ˿ȸϲȿȣȥ˿ȣÿһ˿ʽ
ֻҽⷽҲǾˡұܵĺһڿ˵
ЦǣĿȾһ
ܾȣ˾ûˡ
³٣żȥ˽˹ǱһΣȴû󿧷ȳۡ
ǻˣұűӿŷЦ˵ĻһôõŮѡ
ǷȽϵ(i)(qng)(ͦͦ)Ľġ
ЩģҲΪеˡ
§§ļ򣬡ǵȻģҼˣ
ȥҾҪƮˣŷЦ
һᣬȿŷұʣˣ
ұϵЦ˼֣дż˵񣬡ٶ
ҸٸȫǱϣӵһ¥Ǳ߲鵽ľʵˡ
ʱ˫̥һȥȥʧ
ƼҲһֱΪòС߶ģɴӵһ¥ϢǼ˹⽫ƭȥһ˺ܶĵطԷնߣ⵼¶Է߶
ᷳ˵û뵽꿪ʼľôˡ
ΪʲôҪ˫̥ùŪҲЩ˼顣
()

708.708 ֱ̫

708 ֱ̫
ұóն˸ǷһƵ
һ¥Ǳ߲鵽˹⽫ö˵£Ǹʱ䣬Ҿȥ˵㳡ļءּץԲصϷõնߣžһŶԷȥ˶ĵطȥ͵뿪
ȥ֮ͼװ˵ҲˣȼƼȥʱ򣬵ҲǺļأͿñ˴ˣ˿ڷӡ
һ¥Ǳ߲鵽˺óΪñȽ()СʱҪһЩԼչ˵ĸϸ˼ʣֻʲôҪȥﻹû۸
ɥĲĹ⽫ԼŪҶ󲻳һŮŮ(qng)
߶󣬼ƼҲһŮ(i)ȫ()ϣӵ˽ݣһʹãͻ̺Ͳ졣
ʵļ˸о﷢׽üֱ̫ˡ
Լҽ(qng)ǳãЩ󲻳ôĵ̬ʱԭ
üͷŮ˲ֻ()ᣬҲһĶ
һ¥Ǳ߲鵽()˭𣿡ʡ
ұͷ鵽ˣҵһϵã÷ģ˺ϲǸˣҪǺһżŮӿǸеģǿܶ顣
ǸȢżǱ((Ʊ))ģ˱͹һһܣ˾ȥǸˡ
Ҫ´ݾߣ̲סȥһˡ
ǽңǼҵ˻óⷽ氡Ц
С磬һ¥ڰϵ(qng)𣿾ǲǼˣʡ
ұصǱֻǴξƺ¼ǰ챻˴ȥǸģ֮ǰΪҰⱻȵģҴ¼ҰҲû鵽
ֻȷǱһŶñŮӣذǵǣ޷֤
˾ͲǼˣӦǱ˹ƻ()ߣðˡ
ҲôƲģֻǲ֪ҵ˵˭
ص̾˿ѾȥˣȴûκϢ
һ뵽ھ˿ܱʧˣľͱܣһζԼԹ޺ǿҵɱ⡣
˵˵һģǻ᲻ǼŪþ㣬Ȼ󱻽һǱ˷֣üȥͼ͸֮ǰҲɹˡ
1330ͻȻ704±ˣȥĸĿܲܽ~~
()

709.709 ˵

709 ˵
ұҲĻɡ
ɵһֱңҲһ¥Ǳ߲ţȴûκ
еҪ֪Լ˵䡣
ȼüͷһ¥ûвҪеѶȰ
Ҳ취ҡǿˣұǸŮи(qng)
ұͷãæɵ˳ȥҡ
忴ôںʣҪǸŮץϸ(qng)
˵ԣҼȻǶˣø粻ֱȥץɣʱ˰ѱҲ顣
ұأҪݾߵȥ˵˶ԷԸƽ⣬ǵļƻգ¶β͡
˾˵ĺе
վ()˵ھȥץǶ(())˰ɡ
ôõܣҪýһƤŮҲú³
ұ˳ƴһ绰ǽһˣߣ
ҲҪ׵İǸŮˣȥҪŻפأԼ̲ס
֮ǰ˺ͽҵ˻һ͵˰мأҵˡ
ǼѪ뿪ũųȥ˾Ƶꡣ
ϣ⣬С磬ǸǲҲ⣿
ôôЩҪȫˡ
ȵͷ⣬вˣǴγҲеϵֻǶû뵽һᱻ˾ˡ
۶ԷʲôɱвȻǾͲԭ£֮ǰ´ݾߣֻǽ()ߣͼ˵(qng)̯һὫȥս·ͥ
˱Ҫս·ͥк³Ҳս˱ѡ
ܿ죬Ƶꡣ
ҾƵǻµĲҵȺһкҲû˳ǡ
ӻǱõƵ귿ţֱӳ˹ȥ
ţԱߵšſں󣬷Ƚ顣
ҪǶԷǼˣ϶ῪŻ߳
ͷã
ܿ죬ʼţƬ̺Ŵһ˭
Ͳ͵ģ⳶һɡ
ǲҪŴһŮԾǼ˵
˲ţҲȷ()ݡ
ɫŭɫȽն˵㹦ܴ򿪣߹ȥֱ̧ӽ߿
Ůӵļ
˽žͿûд·ĹŮ
˼ʱͻȻе(qng)Ҫϼ죬컹Ҫܳʱд͸£ûʱд֮Ჹϵģôô~~
()

710.710 Ǿʹش

710 Ǿʹش
˸û뵽Ž()ȥ·
һԡסԼɫ˳
ұʲô˼£ϰ()ֱ׳ʡ
ұ̵˵ʲô˼()Ϊҵӣںһڸʲô
һҭԴӼ޸ұǵһôص˵
ǳѣֲңôʲô
ǰǼ˵ȶԲȣѵһܳӣ
ǼҶԲ㣿ǲ˵˵ţԼˣұЦ
⻰¶ҵ񣬲ܿˣ˵ʲô
㵱Բңˡ˹ԡֺ˵
Ѿϰ˷ұúݣԼϲѾ˲԰εĵزͱһҲ᲻ԭ¡
ҾôȥúõĹһʱ(r)ӡ
ұͼദ꣬ȻƽսȹҲ˽⣬ʱı(qng)˵ûΪԼ϶ԭ¡
(qng)ѾˣƭңǾҵˣ㡣ҪǻӦΪһ㣬Ǿʹشˣ
ұ߽ˣͷӿ˵Ūȥ
˸ܵұȫ()ɢŴδйɷʶĽ˽
ǸˣҲ֪֮ǰ(qng)Ĳ鵽ˡ
ҧҧҲ֪µģҲչһʱ䡣
ｫһ飬Ϊʲôܻ˵Ǹ(())ˣ
˵ѣұŭס°ͣ˵ʲôطҾ
һֱұţͻȻĴɵģķߺ֮ɫǸ(())ѾˣҲûá
ҲˣұûĵģȻôԴҡ˵һί
ǰϲȻ÷Ǻͷұһ꣬ȻԷûȴݺͳҲ˸(qng)
ÿѺĸǱߵˣŷҵĹôԼĻһĽʺޡ
Էұ᲻÷ֵġ
ұǱ߼ĵˣȻֱ꣬޳ܣ
()

711.711 úã

711 úã
ұ޳ܣܲ
ҲûҪúù(r)ӣ˭ң㲻ңҵȻҪȥұˡ
ұĸ첲δйĴֻҪȥǸ(())ˣҾͻȥúõĺ(r)ӣ˰ɣ
ڳ˶⻰ĵˣ⵽ǶԼжŰ
ҲҪж˵ֻ
ңֱһơӿڡ
ұȻֱĵˣһѷſˣ̧һ̧ͣûȥ
᲻ãСûдŮˡ
(())ˡץԼ첲ļ˦ȥ飡
˱˦ɳϣ飿ȻȥǸ(())ˣ
ұΣҾԲġԴӼ޸ұĸˣ()ߵѣ˭
ҷұôϲŲҪ֡
ɲ㣡ұѾٺͼ˳Ů˵Ի·ȫ̫ˡ
˿תͷԷʣҪ𣿡
ҸյϢѾƵ¥£Ӧϵˡ
ǽƵʱͷֱ˼绰ȥ
Ļһ䣬һŮӴڵ˽()߰ˡ
ԡˣŮϾŭ
½ϵĸ߸Ьֱӳȥͳ˴ȥҪ(())ˣǡ
ұ͵ȣ㵨ӷˣ۾ϹˣŻῴαӡץŽһᡣ
鱧ͷе()£Ҫǻƽ˦Ů뿪ˣзֵڣֻٴڸС
ｫһ飬Ů˼ֱǸȻ˾Ƶ꣬ǵ(qng)֣һưոݵģ̲סˡ
˿÷򣬿ڵԼסˣʲôס֡
Ů֣ͣת()һץס˵ͷɳϣ˹ȥģ
(())ˣԭģȻűġ˵곶˵ͷ˼͡
ߣȴһͨˣôˣܿͱˡ
оͷƤ۵һʱͱܵĺұͿô۸𣿡
ŷұ᲻ۣһԼġ
ȻҪʧˣұһĴݵ·𱻴Ĳţǳһúã
()

712.712 Ǻ

712 Ǻ
ԭ˺⻰ڴŮ˲ɵͣ˶ұ
Ȼ޲ô(())ˣɷҵǻø
ұ³ֺŮӿż˷̵Цˣ˶֣˴ñӣ˾㣬ģ
źԥֳż˵ͷһһ͵ȣڳûֹ
ֺףǻѪ̲סУ飬ϿĸϻͿ𣿡
ұܣֻ÷ˡ
òײż˴ڸУôһ޲
㹴ңŴǺ𣿡
漴ڴ˵Ůӽ͵ţҽ챻źȶ˾ƣŲС(qng)ҵġ
㣡۵Ĳţû뵽ôˣһֱϲˣ
ŮЦһĲ죬Ӭ޷ĵҲʲôö
һһ(())ôһԣͺ飡ץס˵ͷ˦˽()ߡ
ʱļ߹Žһٱᣬ͵ȶԲã˵
߽ɫβѣΪǽø硣
ûãһӴҴ˽ǰһĻɫѿ˼㡣
÷ô£ߵұǰʡ
ұƽλ˸ϵܲԷƷͼҲȫͬġ
̬Ȼ˼֣㿴Һͽ˹һ𣬻һˡ
迴׵ãѾ֪ۣǾôĺá
磬ĸϻҴһҪұȥˣһ˵
Ȼұͽ鶼Ǵܻġ
üۻǱȽģˣˣ
Ҳңһ¿˳ǲǻڹҵСĽСôԾĿ۸ң裬㲻䵱Ҹ硣
ڼƼÿֻҪóƣĸ͸綼Э
߶¼ᣬ˲ۡ
ǰż˲ǹ⽫СôģʱŻ˵ò˵ģҲŵǣ֮һʱԲȵھΣǻô
⣬ð()ӰϾѾʧȥһֻܽһ(i)һ()ϡ
˭֪ȴ䱾Լˣֱ׳ҪȥͻȻԼԽԽˡ
()

713.713 ֪

713 ֪
ȡֵļˣұץסǾ仰
Ůı£һ˵Ȼﵽ˶Ŀġ
ƼҲĵ
磬߶¼Ҳ鵽ĺǵ˽⵽Ĳһڼ˷оǶģ׼
һֲõԤУôһˣ
ǹ⽫Ūģҵ˵߶ǰƵԷնˣȻŶԷķߣ֮ͱ˿ڷӷ֣ߵġұ
ʮǰ˿ڷ(qng)ȽأҶżᶪӣԲųκõġ
һ㶣һʼŲţ뵽ʲôҪμ⣬ǰСö()ӣ־Ҳǲܡ
ֻǸʱŶꣿȻʲô񶾺˼ˣ
û뵽ұȥмֻţƽϰʲôڱ棬εĲá
ûУұ㲻ҪΪ(qng)ͺұҡķ񶨡
巢Ů̫ˣǶԽҺͽż˵ȴ뿪
֮԰ѽҵ˽ţҲǷҪ̬ȡ
ҵεͷǻһġ
ֻˡ
ǣߣ
ŵУǾʹˣζлǸ֪
Ƿ巢Ϣ磬˵ƭš
ǰϲɵȽŷαҲε(qng)ûѹýѡ
˭ûϹһ۾
ӡ󲻴ãߣ
ļ˸罫ֱӳ뿪Ȼ׼Ź
ʱֻʣ·弸˺ͼá
ұҲͼˆȥתͷ鷳ˣ
ͷżȥóһŵҩιȥ
Ҫ۳ɵҩȴѾڻĿ;Ŀҳʲô
Ȼ֪ˣߵԶɳ¡
״Ŀŷұʣ÷Ҫʲô
Ū¼ϸȥһ飬ô˵Ҳ(i)˶ã֪ұҪȷ¡
ұֻһ䣬֪СõôŪ𣿡
˿ŤļˣվһߣǾţΪ֪СõôŪġ
ʱд£ҪŰ£ؼңûʱдˣ¸±ٲ9ţ֮ҾͿ((Ʊ))Ŀʼ~~һ¼(qng)ȷʵܶ࣬Ȼ()ԼǸض֢ѾԼˣҲưɣ~~ĸʱԤ12~~
()

714.714 ̫

714 ̫
ûзԣϵɫŤ˼֡
ֻǸ(())ˣ㻹Ҹ𣿡
⻰üͷˣ˵˭(())ˣǿá
ûãҵѾˣﾡǷߺޡ
û뵽˻ǰһСͿ֣ΪΪʧȥܲס˷Ҫ(qng)ڿǡ
ұļˣ˷񣬡ʼɡ
ͷã
ż̧£һ()ָԷֻҩЧͻῪʼӡ
ȻɫŤļ˲䰲˶ܶһ
ʲô޷ɴ˴ż־ֵĿʡ
ûлش𣬽£Լ˴ߣʣôģŪ𣿡
˵ʶŵģҪȴ˵ʵҹ⽫նˣȻ˶ĵط޷ҵҺͱķǹŪġ
ΪʲôҪôʡ
˻صͱӣ()΢𣿿ƾʲô綼(i)
Ͳóҵĳ(i)ô࣬ȻݲҪֹԼ˵ʵȴûá
˵⻰ϾǾ֮ɫȻĿһۼ衣
ʱϴŲţȻû뵽ԼСþȻǴùŪġ
˻һĿ˵СԼ߶ģ˵ûпСãԼûСòŻ˶ˣȥѹ
ҲûлһСŮö()ΪĿ϶ǻѹ˴δһҪοСõ(i)()ϡ
û뵽(qng)ġ
̲סʣǸʱؼһжαװģװھֲֿԷ˵ҪãȫǼٵģ
˵ǣǽĵĻ˳˭ǶǸС(())˸ãǽ㣬ôڣҲںˡҲֻлȥǲŲңΪ˰οңҡ
һһĺȻ⽫Լ˫̥ùŪֻΪ裬ǸʱŶꣿͷ̫ˣ
˻صҿһѰ£ԾöˣҲû˺裬Ҿˡ
ˣֱˣǶСòƫ裬()ͱԲչ˵þϸһЩû뵽ȻΪɥĲ(qng)
()

715.715 ȫι˹

715 ȫι˹
ôСʵôϲʵ()Ӳ̫ˡ
˴СͺܰԵңֻҪͻᳳ֣Сȴܹ
ֻСö֮Ҳż˵ƢϾƢٻҲã˭衣
ȴԼʮĳ(i)ȫι˹
С˽ԵСеĶ㶼УϲģҲٻ֮(qng)ھȻ˵ǶֻСãı𣿡еĴűŭ
˴СЩ¸緢ڿģӶ£Ҳܣûûҡ
˵ѾˣҲҲˣС(())˶˶ˣΪʲôҪţҲ׼ðԵ飬Ҳﻰ
ɫѿ˼㣬ǵԵѪðȻ˵ֻˣûˣ
óʧ⣬ʱ̲ס
˼ôôݶڲû˿ڸģҪǲ׼Һ͵Сãȫûˣ
Ȼô˵Ҳûȥˣ˵
¶ߺ޵ı(qng)ΪǸС(())ȻҪң̫ˣ
ۣüġ
ұȴһ⣬ʣأҵö㵽ôģʲôط
˲شȴɲԼǰ齫ҴǸǣ˵ҵá
濴ǸС(())չ㣬Ҵչ㣬Ȼһһ𣬼ңܱС(())ˡ
Ǿͽץסչ㣬ȻҪȾƵҩ۸ҪļҲɹ޸㡣
ǸС(())ˣȻҪ͵ܣý˴ðӵ
ŷұ¶ʹ֮ɫӵķߺޣŤֵ˵һõ˺ۣܶҾǿ˳ۣ޲ȥôˣϧڵʬѾ縯ˡ
㣡ұŭɫ治֪ôô񶾵Ůˡ
⻰Ҳ۵𾪣ôôݶ
ԼҲһķУΪʲô˵
֪ڰҼʱѾ˵ˣ˿ڷӸɵġν˵
£15~~
()

716.716 ûɣ

716 ûɣ
֪˸̫˽
˸ʣΪʲôҪң
ΪǸŮ˽飬޷һˣϣܼ޵úõ㡣
ĵһţܴǸ(())˶˵()ݣҺֶΪأ˴СϲһʱʹӦˡ
۾ʣϴε·ߣй¶ȥ𣿡
룬ǣʱŵұûʲôҪļеĻͺ˵˵
Ǵ鷿пұһļ͵ĴˣǷʲô·ɡ
ûе()ϸʶö͵Ķֱ׳ģҲ˲û÷ұͷҷ֡
ò˵ⲽ廹߶ˡ
˼⣬˶֪
ŷұӦֻǱˣЩ˵ļƻһ֪㿴Ҫôɡ
ұͷɫĿżˣȻôϲǣǾȥŰɣ͵ȡս·()ϸ۴
˴һֱ˳ţֱţû߹ڼ̫ˡ
ֱȥŰǷۣúóʲôļѣ̽ôˣҲԼÿܹﳢһƽ
ڼˣһҪֶΣ𵽳ͷá
磬ľûɣתͷż裬˸磬صġ
ȻҪǷԣҲЭֻǱһ̬ȡ
̾˿ûЩ˽ݹȣǶ̡Ȼ˼˴Ⱥãûԭ£ҰҲľ
òֻ񶾣ر
͵ұսеܱ͵ķȥ
÷ұ֪֪(qng)жغͶӣ˵صѹ()ϸҪٵġ
ο廹Ϊµ±ǿͻϮжȫܶãûǨŭƼϾͲˣŹ˸ܡ
һֱҲΪȻǳ˾ҪΪԼ(qng)Լ÷˴Ҳýܳͷ
ȥ֮Ҳ׼úõĺ͸ĸ˵˵ʹĵĻСòŪ˿ڷӹǰ˽ɰȥ
()

717.717 ϧȴ

717 ϧȴ
Ҫû·˷˴ȥŰǣ費ᷴԣ˽һỨǮͶùϵչˡ
ȴȫͷǸúúõȥΪСˣ
ұһֱ֪˸ǸֱˣҲûʧ
ãĸǱҾͲˣ鷳ȥ֪
ۿһߺֲ⣬ȴ޷ڷļˣҾ˴ˣ
ͷã
Ŀ˿(i)˶ʮһۣʹĺ޷ԭµȻҾȻȥˣնϵ
˽ҲΪ˽࣬ûҪ¡
ұļ򣬡ؼ
أ˿żȻ治Լת()뿪ıӰҪסȴûа취ڡ
ʱЩֻˣ֪(qng)()ϧȴˣ
Ϊʰô̯ӵĸ磬Ĳˡ
ҪȥʲôŰǣ˴ĵطҪ
ұԭҪϰ()뵽ԼĴɫ֣һί
ɷұģͶĵôܻۻϧ
һնϢܿսװ˽
ͽս·ͥзȥһӵİšڷԸ
ǣȥ˾ͳߡ
ҩ軹һʧЧΪ˲Ů˼ˣҲûΪ⿪
¼˴ʱٲԸ⣬ȴû˿취ֻ˴ȥ
ұͷβûпһۡ
ȼ˱˴ȥֻʣǼʱұʹɳϡ
ҺɳƵ˵
Ҷ֪˵˭⻰Ҳʵ
Ƿұٳ˻ǿŰǣ˵þȻ󱻽鱳˷֡
ԷҲͲҴ(qng)˵˵úõǿŰǻš
Ҳ֪ҪôοˣϾܸ
ɰӵûþͻᱻ˴Ͷŵǡ
Ǹʺ˾סûҽƾȻǸܻļ̫С̫СΪ㡣
˵ûأʮǰŪǶҪҡ˵
ұһվ()˵ĶԣζȥǶʱӵһǡ
ãҲһ飡弸˶˿
()

718.718 

718 
(qng)Ҳﲻʲôæֻϣǿ㣬߱˾ˣš
ǲŹģ׼ˣǿأұһ
ЦҲôģ̫Ҫǵצӿˣ
¿Կóֻ⣬Ҷкܴ⡣
֮ǰûжԽ֣һǲݾߣܲܽ˾
һҲΪҶҵŮù˼Ҷߡ
ĹҲûˣԷ̫ƻѲ鵽ϸ׾ǲֱԶƾ
ҶҾҶ(qng)󣬶ԽѾܲˣҪңҶҾԲ棬˵ܴɺѹʶ
ҲŽҪߵġ
Ϸ弸ֵܾͿʼж鱻˸ȥֱһ٣ձȥҽԺ꣬žͱս·ͥ˴ߣѹﱻˡ
ұｭٶ飬С
ȢλҲΪ˶ԷĹż崫к͵ֻ̣ǻδü֣ͱֱʧˡ
СҲ׵ľʵѣý޲ûʶ뽫ֱ
ҵĲҵҲһҹ֮䷢췭ظı仯ֱӷգûľͱѹƲڶ췢ֵʱѾ·ˡ
Ķһţ̡涼кܴӰҪʰһǾС˼
Ƚڶ췴Ӧʱ򣬽Ѿˡ
ұ˵绰ȴܾˡ
ڶ磬Թ緹һ𿪳ȥǼʷɴ˾
һǼʷɴҪȥҶΪ͵ǿҪǿԵĻ͸Ͽ콫꣬Ȼʼֲ
ִǼʷɴ˾רһӴǡ
١С㣬ҪķɴѾ׼ãʱ𺽣ʮЦ˵
ͷ鷳ˣھ͹ȥɡ
һƣãλߣ
˸žһ˽õСͷɴ׼Ҫộնˡ
һֻұ糾͵ţС磬£
Ҫȥʮߺ𣿡ұһһʡ
ͷǰôˣ
û𺽰ɣԵһᣬѾǼʷɴ˾ˣҺһȥұ˵
ûзԣУڷɴϵ㡣
()

719.719 Ҫ鷳

719 Ҫ鷳
նˣ忴
賿˵СȥǣҪȥľʮߺǣ˵ҲǰǿŰһطСҪһȥ
Ҳұе(qng)ţеϣܲȳ׾ãǾһȥɡ
ԼʮӺ󣬷ұһĴ¼Ҵ˷ɴ
˼Ǿõˣ
ȥмƣ룬Ҳ鵽ǰǶʱ䣬ǿŰǵ͵ǣҶҹˣûѲ鵽κ󡣡
չ׼ȥʮߺţ˵Ѿ˷ɴҪȥҾһˡ͡
һˣеϣҲ
ЦЦҲûȶãֻҪûͻϣҾûбӵϣҲпڰʱ˾ˣ
ұ̾˿ûбߣѾǶʱļȫˣ˽֮󣬲û˷֣һͱˡ
ţôʵѾˣûҵ
Ҳ֪ϣǲסˣƽרķɴߣҲû˻עģҲ˵ʲôĻ
ţȥɡ
ø翴(ͦͦ)۵ģҪȥϢǽ㣡
ãܵãұӡԽԽãæһҹȷʵۡ
ұ˴һкȥɴķϢɴҲѸ𺽳Ƿȥ
оóø˵ã(qng)㺣Ҳԭ֮ǰŻô̼ˡ
ģȥǣа취Ѱ𣿡
˵̫Ѱңҿԡ
Ҫǰ˾ˣû취ҵϾʱ̫ˡ
漴һתҪǻۼӦþҵ
ֻҪֲħپܹͨȻͼѰ׷١
彫§뻳УҪ鷳ˣ
㻹ҿ̧ͷЦĿ
ЦҲв˼ʱ򰡣
һۣװģ
ٺ٣չȥʵǽԼϱ̫ˣȫܵģ
ȻϣԼϱܹøҵĶˣøǻĽ򲻿Ӱһӡ
һѣü۴Ц(ƨp)
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~ĸ0ôô~~
()

720.720 

720 
ʮߺ۶λòԼʻ˰˸СʱŵѾϡ
ɴϵľԷ弸ʣ٣ѾˣҪҪڷɴϢһȥ
ұѾ˯һã򿪷ɴװ豸ȥ
أѾǣһӶȲˣſˡ
һȥɡ
鷳ˣұǸЦЦȻŴսѲ豸һȥ
ɴͣǵĸۿڣ˶¡
ǵĿǳζȽţ˲ʺ棬ȥҪר豸
ɴĵƹ򿪣Ǵ뱻
ͷȥֻѻɽɢڵϣѾһĿռ䡣
ãһЩǿֲ
ͨɴڵĵϡ
ѰûڣһҪϸѲ飬ȫһ飡ұԴ˷Ը
ǣ˹ĵͷһ̨Ѱ豸ֿѲ顣
ұԼҲһ̨ҽԺǱ߽߶˵Ѱ豸ҲĴأ
Һͷһȥһ߿ֿҰɡ
ұͷãնϵ
ţ
˷ֿһ·ħٵķ˳ȥ
ʲôУ⣬вٵĹҵƼ
һʶû壬һŷĴĹۿǡ
ǵСֲܹõʮũҲܲйµĺۼ
һֹҵƼܻ
ǻһȥҶܰæũذɡڵ
ͷҿҲԣ
һ·ߣѸûзκ
⣬ϻűĹֲͶɽСҲеġ
һҹҶѰңѰ֮ĵطȴһ
նϵ˷ұõûнչϢЩεĿûʲôϣˣ
˿ԶݻƵһƬɭ֣ռĵطûϣھʣһƬˣǽȥ԰ɡ
ãСҲˡǣһ˽ȥ
ȥֲֲ֮Ĳ˹ʶ
ǶħٵϢɢȥЩѹ£˰Сʱû⵽
()

721.721 Ҳ֪˭

721 Ҳ֪˭
ԽԽЩԾ
ɭݻƵľһǿ·һֱķ
ҲЩֲҪ⵽ĹŻ
ľɲǱֲıܡ
⣡ͷ˵꣬ħͻȻˣ
㶣ʲôط
ָ̧һ򣬡Ǳߣǹȥ
ãóһѼǹǣ
ܿһƬɽǰԼԼܿһɽ
˶һۣ볯ɽȥ
ɲҪɽͻȻǰĵ˲ٵֲγһַĹơ
Ŵɽ½ܳٱ춯׷׷ɵĶˡ
еĪʲô˼
֪Щ룬ȴͨħ٣ӦһЩֲ
ػĿЩĶɽ
循Ȳѣػػʲô
壬ɽļֻںϢЩ̫ȶ
ӦħٴĲ̽ǹȥ
㲻ҪԺǹͨŷ˵
Լĺģã
ڴʱұҲ˹һĻͬȲѡ
ô£
һ飬Կ
ұɽһֵ˵(qng)ã
ħɢǰֲ﷢ȥһÿźţҲʾ˾Բ˺ɽˡ
ӵðıֲĶħٴһֳǺܿͷ׷óһ·
ϰԼŮʱʱо˵ı֣ɷұ˻̲סһѡ
Ҳ̫ˣȻܺͱֲ﹵ͨܲ˼飡
ֲóһ·ħ٣Ѿʶһֲͱ춯﹵ͨ¡
һٶıʾԲ˺ɽˣṩЩһֻ칷ָ£óһ·
ȴγһΧȦĿ׺ݽĶǡ
һʲô˺(qng)Щ춯ｫڵһʱ
״ɽ˸ӺܹñֲͶôػǸˣҲ֪˭
ŷ̧߽ɽұ˸ں档
һɽڳһƬװá
ɽ˲Ҳ(qng)
õһ򵥵ķ䣬Զһʯ()һǲʡµŮӡ
12~~~
()

722.722 ôȷأ

722 ôȷأ
ұʯ()ŵ̲ס
˵ģо᲻һֻôһۣ֪ԼҪҵˡ
˵첽ȥ¶Էʱȫ˺ۣԭòѾˣЩ󣬿ȴԷд˿ۡ
鷳ôˣ̣ĵתͷ˵
ͷ˹ȥΪԷ˰̫ܲȶ޸͵УԲŻԲѺͷա
ҩȥͺˣ
óһЩҩóҩҺȻιŮӷȥ
ι͸оһǿҵĿӵĶԼ̧ͷֻ֮ǰܹԸЩ춯ЩǲȮı칷
ֻ(ͦͦ)()ģģֻǸιҩ˺ġ
ֻ·Ŀⲻ䣬ȴվţſ˵ϡ
ұĲѣܲ۶͵ҽԺǺΣյģЧƺͿƣп
սžͻܲȱ¼Ȼ֮ûоȻ
̲סʣܲȺҩǲǾܿˣ
()вˣöǷǳأֻҪúõĵˡ
Էұ˵ӦǱӵǲžѵģûҩİҲܲ˲ȶܼǿҸоõһֱǿİš
ûҵҩ()Ҳܰܲȵġ
ò˵Ůĺܼǿ
ҴǽƬɭֵЩֲķػԼһֱֲͶ()жԷ
ŮȻС˺ܶͿѣǰֱ׽Ⱥȴɱһ
ЩֲͶ˹ٷ˵ûҪ˺ˣҲ()ӣҪǱ۸ͷ
ֲͶܵ˵ȹǣŻӮǵػ
֮鿴Է()(qng)ʱоļǿ()ɵһЩøС
ô˵ұ˲˿ͺã
ҲŮ󻹻š
ŷұЦϷʣС磬һ۾ܽ˼ϳƽûٵǰ
ʯ()ϸԭģˣЩʣ˵˵ôȷأ
()

723.723 ҵ氮Ӱ

723 ҵ(i)Ӱ
Ǹ˻һĺݶ˵ٵĺ廳ɾĸ͸˶ϲ
ұʵص()ϵζ͸о
ˣûбģ۾ģģʱҾϸĹ۲
Ҳ˸ṩ˼˵ļϢȻøоԾȴˡ
˭뵽˻ǳһģһ˫̥
ͷԭˣ
ȻתͷЦŲһ䣬ʲôҲܵһ۾ϳ
ұЦ()治һĸߣʱʱҪİ
ദô꣬ǵһμСرǶŮˣǰǴûκĺͺɫ()ӵġ
ܾ˼˵(i)ǲһ
ͷ˿()ϵŮӣﲻ¶˼ִδйɫ
ǰԼǲãʵҲ̸ϣֻһݶѣȴ
ĿȫǵŮӣȴ̲סۡ
ûЦŵ˵ңԺҵſģ
ԼСദôãҲǵһμԷô(qng)۵һˣ׵ݽȥˡ
ԷģˣС绹û˿ԥۣĸо׵ľҵ(i)Ӱ
岢Ů˵ģֻϣҪʧ
ұЦã׼˵ն˾ˡ
֣绰
ܿһƣļͶӰ֣ұǱϢ𣿡
ǼѾӵֵ֪ͨұͼ˵ѾͨѾ˷޹ϵȻٺԷ÷
ԭջǽ黹飬ҪͬС
Ѿ漰ѹ()ϸ(qng)ûзҸ棬ͨڣֻҪº֪(qng)(qng)£ǿġ
ҲǷұæⷽ룬ͬһʱͨˡ
̾˿ѾѰûнչ
뿪Ƶ͸ϻ˼ң嵱¼ƷƵ˸ĸ
趼û뵽ྐྵȻôĲܵĴ̼Сѹòιȥ
ȻҪжζҪȥŴѰСá
Ͷ˼ϵֶκרŵѾȹ˾ǰ鵽ǽ̽顣
Ȼϣ󣬿ȴҲ
()

724.724 

724 
һ뵽СܵĿ࣬ܵ
쵽һֱڱû˯
ֻϧѾȹ˾Ǳ߸Ľʧˣ뵽ұҲСãԷҵ˵(qng)õ㡣
ұóĹã뻹ʵ˵Ѿҵˡ
(qng)Ǻܺãܲڷա
Էɫһ価ǵǣһתģѾҵιҩ(qng)ȶ
ҩιȥڣֱܺ۵ĸܵѾˡ
ұ⻰Է
Ŵʣܿ𣿡
ұͷն˵ķ£üԿ()ŵˡ
⣡迴Ͼ˺ۣɫ԰׽۾ŮӣвԾ¶˲̺ܡ
ȻѾϵ˾ҵСã(qng)Ҳãȴû뵽ǲֵز
˵ĵʲôģȻֻΪʾµȥôݵ֡
ҸϹ
ұصʮߺǣ㷢һλ㵽Լҹɡ
ͷãǾ鷳չˣ
û£Ӧõģұ
˹նˣұŮӵҲ֪ԼĸĸǱʲô뷨
ԼһȽ(i)ļͥ˵ΣӦöżͥůİɡ
ŮӲ˲ĥ()Ťˡ
ұͷҲôģԲŸ硣
Ըˣġ
ֻԼҲûģϾϴˣҲΪɵġ
⣬Ļۡ
ұȭԹһᲹԼ
ŷұŵǵģְ˰ѶԷѾȶԤưСʱ֮ھ
ղҩҺʱ򣬽ħٵһں˽ȥԺѹưԷܲȡ
ұףã
ɽλµȴ
Լ˶ʮң()ϵ߽һૼ䣬Ƭ̺Ż۾
Ѿϰܲιȥ(qng)һƽֻǾЩ֣ʵûгҪʱʹ࣬ʱҲ˺ܶࡣ
һ¾͸Ӧɽ˼İϢ()Ŀ˹ȥ
ұʱɵ¶˾֮ɫ
()

725.725 ֪

725 ֪
ŮӺ֮ܿɫֻǶؿ
ʲôֽ()߹ŵĶץ׼ϣɸշŵͷԥ¡
()ǰûнסֻǵ˵ͷ
ұķӦһǱ˾Űܡ
һȿڣԲҽ㺦
Ů̧ͷӵĿͳɳޱȣϳ
һɤӾģȽ֡
ܣŵó()ϵζֱóʵ˵
ѧԺҵ֮ͼսţЩ涼ѵġ
Ů£漴Լûŵɣ
ûУҿŶһұ
Ů˶ûʲôоŮʵоò𶼲ôݵ˵ûʲôеĻǷݸо
˵ݣҲֲ
Ůû뵽ô˵˲עŮò𣿲ûʳ
ദ£ҲϤİˡ
ദһܴݵʣôҵҵģ
֮󣬾ûгֹɴˣ²ӦǱЩˡ
Ҳܺ棬ұôҵġ
ҵǰǿŰǵļ¼пܻڵǣԾҵˡұص
Ůֱ㷢ˣ
ˣǼٵģαװ޸ҡҲŷֵģ֪㱻Ⱥ͸Ͽˡұʵ˵
⻰ŮץŶֽ˽Ȼܲƽ
ұȻ(qng)̲ߣʤϣһͣҺ궼ֻǱķޣҶûоԴûҲ
֪ΪʲôһҪ
ԱΪұ˸ޣŮ϶Ǻһġ
Ҳ÷ұŸоˣܻһ̿Ů˺пܻûϷ
ҪǷұͺԼ(i)ѣʲôˣ˭ܻöġ
Ȼ⻰ŮӽץŶɣֻû˵
ұ״ð㣬α()ϺһζǵһҲŻϴ
ҲΪԼжΣֻϣܸһͲĻᡣ
ϴ޷ıʵѣֻ²
ŮӸӣû뵽ûˣΪ(qng)Լӡ
ʱҲЩ޴룬֪
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~ĸ0֮~~
()

726.726 㲻

726 㲻
ŮӳĬ죬̧ͷŷұ
ҵʱҲ⣬ûҪرʲô㲻
˶ٵҾͲ˳ۣСʱܹ⽫ҴǰҴӶҲ㲻ýζԼ()ϡ
Ҫر㣡ұ˵һɡ
ʱֻ˹ſŮӵǰͷˣ湴ĶǵĵطҸϲ
Կ˷治ϲЩĶĻ
ұģ˵㸸ĸ͸ܵ㣬Ѿˣ϶Ҳϣܻؼҵġ
Ůֶ£ҧҧҲԭ¼ˣһᱨԻǲȥˣҲΪѡ
߶ʱ꣬Ѿ˼䣬ڻģļǵã͸Ƚ(i)
ֻǱϾʮû()ߣȴһֱǣһѡԼǱһ
ʲôϣĻűá
Լޣ̫ˣȴ׼ŹһֱᶨԼһܱȥʵǸŮ̫ˡ
СϲĶһֱţ˲ȴһӵ˱д
ҲؼңǶϣƱӦûøĸΪѣȴ¡
ұóĹǣѾս·ͥܿͻᱻŵһŰ֪ģҲͬˡ
Ǻܣ޷ԭ¼ˣҲģԿ¡
ұϣǻص۶˾Ϳʼ(qng)ơ
óǺ˵ģֻҪ˺Ͷͺá
ﻷ̫ӺˣȴҲκǿ(qng)
Ůǳ˼;ᣬ漴ִһּᶨ
״ܻǿڵҲżȼ˼֮ɡ
Ůӿţ
ղιҩлл㣡()ҲǶҽģѹ֮󲻵ֻо״̬˺ܶ࣬ҩõĺۼ
ڶԷ()ŵһ嵭ҩ㣬ȷλûŮԼ
΢΢һЦұõܣҲæġ
ôƺʡ
Ůӻصֲǵˣһֱúĸȡ˼
ҽܸʶ㣡˼ĸоܲ
˼£漴ЦЦҲܸʶ㣡
()

727.727 治ϱ

727 治ϱ
ұ˼ദ˿
ȻԷͶȥһŮҵĺã
彾̧̧°ͣһǵȻҼ
˼ʯ()ʯóһЩѿȻ˼ˮ
Ƶҩ裬ģǳ󷽵Ľˮ˼ǰ
ұһһڣܺúȣ
һڣһҩ()ҩѿƳɵҩ裬ζйɵĻ
ܺúȣЦ˵ҶԼɣ
˼ͷţǰڲ賧ɹôҶƵķɣݳúȣ
ֻǺһھͳˡԼƵĲܱϲǺܸ˵ġ
ЦһҽƷһƷͳˡ
˼۾һǹҽҸʱ򣬴ҵ˼ҽ飬Լѧ˲٣Ҿùҽһֺѧ
նǰͱ˻ˣ˶һ˵һնˣ֪
ȴԹҽϲҲΪһиС
Ҳ˼ҽɽɹŲٵҩݣǰҩɹģԭǻԵɺϼҽ顣
ǰҽ
˾ҽ˼ôûӣƽһ֪⣬ϿĶ׷
һһΪ˼ֶԷҽ츳жѧÿԼ򵥵Ŀˡ
˼Ǻһϵ˵ģ̸ñȽϺãͷұԱš
ţҼôôʲô˵ܺͽСɩùϵ治ϱ
ұ˼ͼ¼ģһЦ⣬Ǹһٸ⡣
ʱܿ͹ȥˣԭ͸Ѿȹ˾ڸСʱ͵
շұնλã˹
˼ѾЩֲͶﶼ˻ûܵ
һԭ˵˼ͣס뿴˿ȥ
Сõţ̲ס˿
߹ȥɫº͵Ŀ˼Сãǵø𣿡
˼򴽣ҡҡͷ˼ҲǵˣҾǵãҲڵӡ
ģӡУǸģڳʵ˲ͬ
ȴ̲סһ׽ҲѪ(qng)Ե
()

728.728 ܲһ

728 ܲһ
ҲöʧʱմѧԺҵʮı˲١
ûϵܿǾϤº͵Ц˵
Ȼˣò˿ӣĵȴĪһϲУ˵ĸоСʱһ˳¡
˼ԼһӽֹǵɫԷ˿ڣҪȥɡ
ø˼úúһദϤĿռ䡣
붮˼׷׵ͷãǳȥ䣡
мĿ˿ǣвٻҪС˵
߳ɽָָɽ˵ȥǱ߹ɡ
Ƭɽ˼ĲֲһЩʳõֲ
ѹܹǴ
Ȼãֲȴܹֲҩģ
תһȦֺɽ˼ٳһطΧһЩеҩġ
ժһƬҶӣŵﳢ˳˵ЩҩòҩЧȴгϵԭҩһƴ
Ҳжϳ˼Ӧľϵ()֣ҲܹΪĶֲβҩġ
ľ嶼Ǿֵ֧ģЦȥҶ˹ҩĵ
ұЦ˵Ҳ԰æҪһˣ﷢ºˮ(ͦͦ)ģֻṩóԵľУ
Ц(qng)ðҪǣȱĿɾͶˡ
׼һרũĻȴҲҪͶ
תһȦǻǷǳġ
ұҲյ˼跢ϢѾ̸꣬ǿԻȥˡ
صɽ˼˼Ȧ΢죬Ȼղſ޹
źͼ֮ǰҲȸղǢ˲٣һøС
һᣬ迴ʣҸղŲ˲ǸչС£ܲðһ󣿡
²µҪ˵ʲô˵˵
˼˼ȥԭ뽫˹סȥ鷢ָպת£Ҳ²Ӧãʣܲסһʱ䣿
СʱԸҲͽ˼˼ˣԭǼ硣
ϵҿ˹꣬Сֲġ貹
ղС̸̸ɶԷȴԸȥֲǿֻǨš
֮ЩС˺ܶ࣬ʵڲԸϲ(qng)
()

729.729 Ŀ

729 Ŀ
ǼƼȻֻһ壬ҵȴ٣һǻġ
ͷϢȥ죬뵽ʱһϲ
˭֪ѾҶ͸ˣֻ˶Ρ
ĽҲãϾСõ̬ȣȻӻؼȥúõĲЩԹĿࡣ
Цû⣬ֻҪСԸ⣬סϡ
ſ˼룬ҲὫǸֲǣСҪȤҵֲظҴӺɽֲҩģоⷽ츳
ǿˣ˼𿴱Ƚ˳ͣȴһ˾ͺѸı()ӡ
ʱڿ϶ص۶С罫Ƶʱˡ
˼ϲֲҽⷽ淢չҲܺãŮӵԼҵ(i)ãŻøʣ
Ȼ˼⻰۾ٴĿ𣿡
ⷽʵǰûԴӼǼҽ鼮ѧһЩԼѧֲʵûжپ顣
ֵҶҲĺϲ
Ц˵ҿ(ͦͦ)õģûо鲻ҪҸصĻϲȤøã
˼ⷽ˲ţˡ
ҶԷԸ뿪ǣܺıֲͶйأǿȥĽĽ򿪡
СҪΰգԼô
ϣȻұĺΣȴҲͬǿ˼Լϲ(qng)
ĵҲãȥפأʱչͺá
ţһŬõģллᣡ˼ܸˣ䵽˺üطѾܾûиоϲõ(qng)ˡ
ǱһԷȥǶϧż˾ͳȥˡ
ű˵ݸ˳ܶûмֻǳͶСΪ˺ڻҲµȵ˹
ǰΪƯ飬㱻ץȥ͵˵רŽӿ͵ĵطĽɤӻˣֳҩϳһЩűӡ
һʱҵܳ䵽ǿŰǵһ賧Ȼ࣬ȴҲʵ
žΪһԵķұȻ˼ҡ
˭֪ȴ׽ҵԷ裬()ݣԷ˶һ١ӵ
û뵽ǣһֱΪԼС߶ˣ˭׽Ŀ֪ԭǶԷŪġ
()

730.730 ǰͺ

730 ǰͺ
˼ӵü죬ΪԼɣȴ˵ļܣҵǼҽ飬żѵĻ
ⶼܻҲϣ
Ȼﲻʺ棬ǰѵʱڣЩֲദĺ죬ϲ
̸˼⣬һᡣ
˼һȥ˹ǣһôı䡣
Ҳֻô(r)ӵ˼Կʼһ˵ϣС
Ҫ˵һｫ췭ظԲ֤;ã
ڳޣʵûзϣһڼŤ۵ˣлǺ˺ӵ˸࣬иõ(qng)ȥ
ҪȥŰۣʲôû()С˵ʹģҲǷұˡ
ôĿѣûжʧȥģһˡ
ϲҲ˼һ㣬ֹۻϣһŲĳġ
ͷҪϿΣһᣬǾ()Ҫ뿪ˡ
ұͼǴ죬Ϊ˼뿪
͵ɴ㣬˼ЩᣬǵһκŮ()ĵô죬һضԴ
֮𣿡ʡ
Ц˵ȻˣԺʱͻģȻһǡ
㲹նˣҲʱϵ
ϣ˹ɺҲһʼĵ㡣ҸʼһЩũ߲˹Ϲĵġ
ڵŮ()Ҳܹ࣬ϵ˴ϲſѣ˼ȻܳΪһԱ
˼ЦŵͷðҲʼԼҩ衣
ǻȥɣֹҡҡ֡
ãؼ˼Ҳҡҡ֡
ʵ뷨Ѿ꣬÷ұʹչ˰١
ֻǼ֣Ų÷ǵĺ⡣
Ѿڸ·ϣҲ֪ҪǣϾʮûˣзұʹڣҲĵ㡣
ͷϻȥķɴȥ˿졣
Сɩ()ӺƷöˣҲ֪Сܳɹ׷ֲ(qng)̻е͡Щ㣬Ͼ̫ʵˡ
ЦȻ˼˵С(qng)̵ͣǰͺ𣿡
()

731.731 Ǻʱ

731 Ǻʱ
ֻһûпǰ(qng)̵ͣһ֮(qng)̷ɿֱ()һǿ
Цĵǲû̸(i)Ų֪ϲˡ
˭ô(qng)ɼ˴ˣ¶һҾǸı(qng)
һۣԽԽҪˣ
ҿ˼С粢ûи(qng)ֻҪ֮ԺĹģһܴġ
˼СĴܹܶۺͿ࣬ʵӦǺܿϸ(qng)ģµദ춨˻ұֻҪӰѾ϶ܴؼҡ
Ц⻰Ҿͷˣ
Ůûо֪Ůģ˵һû
漴һģҽСɩκ𣿡
ȻǶ˼ݵָܹȻˡ
Ҳп˼̫ԸŻһԭ򣬱Ͼ˵Ů˶ȽעԼòĿȫǣİ˻ߵ˶ĵطܻԱ
Ҫκ˼Сָ˶þͿ԰˴ص۶ˡ
֮ǰҲ뵽㣬κãȴ׼ھͰΡ
ֻǵµĺۼֻҪҩͿԸ㶨˵ѡ
֪ôһԭ򣬺ʣΪʲô
ЦȻΪٰСһˡ
岻⣬ٰСһѣʱΪ˼ʲôϵ
Ů˶ȽעԼò˼Ҳ⣬ҪһˣģȻܣŬ׷ǲǴϲ
˵ȱģҲüƼҸĸͼƼҴƫһЩ˽ЩܵĿಹԼҲͲôԭˡ
Ҳվ˼ĽǶѡģ治ǻָòĺʱ
ʱҲ̫֮ҩָ࣬ʱСҲ׷ˡŮ˸ܶŮ˵
˼()ݵģ϶ѡͷұãΪͼǽȻͬˡ
һʱĸ(qng)˼СϣȻָòһоˮˡ
ԴϣԷұҲǺкøеġ
˵ǰڵʱҲǳעŮ˳òġ
Ҳ(i)ȥһŮȥʲôģ˾ͻѡ߳졣
ǷұˣǺټġ
Ͼ˼ڵòѾΣóݣ˻ĵ˲ǳ˿ڿЩȴ˿û߽⣬ɱĶģֵóޡ
۾صһڣܵ㣡
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱף컹0֮~~~
()

732.732 ˿

732 ˿
صũѾϣڷɴϾ͸ҵ˴˵绰ҵ˼Ϣ֪
ҵĳǶһһü˲Ǿ˷ұˣʵǶ޷ϲ
˼Ҳʾͬ(qng)үӺͷ޶ܿڷұҪ£ͬפսĵ
ǿǱȽϽһŰϣеһսŵһشפأ͵ȥפ
үӵҲż˼ŵ
˼ӡ󶼺ܺãҲϣұܽ׷
ڶ죬Ҷһ绰֪ǿǵ(qng)
ҲöԷˣΪѾ˿ʼ¡
ƼҪ˼ȻҲ˼ҵı֡
һһܹȥͷһȥ˹ļҹ˾
Ҳٴμүӡ
ļҵĹ˾ĺֱתƳȥٲƲѾʲծ
£үӲû׬ʲôǮȥֿծˡ
ǰǩתúԼʱѾȥǴĺ֮ү㶡
㣡Ȳѣû뵽ļҵĹ˾ϳȥŮϡ
ү˿űǰ˶ʮ꣬Ҳ̫ã˹
𣿡ߵүӶ£ԭҲǿļ⹫˾ģ˵ҵĶһû
ļҵĹ˾䵽ҲãǶϾ˹ϵҲļҵˡ
үĲζеļǩ꣬˵ϷҺܸˣ
ֻҪ⹫˾ģҲûȫˡ
ôԸ⣬ҲֻܽŮҪǿ(i)ӵʵ
ﲻ֪뷨ü˵ˣɲļҵĹ˾ҹ֮ͻΪֺϵģļѾΪʷ
үӺıӣļôۻȫܹˣȥڣֻбķݣϲ˿Ρ
Ȼү⻰ڳһƬָ̧㣬Т
ѾļҵˣģһҪл㵱ҶϹϵô죬һء
ûйϵˣֻǸĲТΪ㸺°
漴ʲôЦżѽҾȻǸһˣ
()

733.733 㲻øл

733 㲻øл
үŭȴԼûа취ģЦݸΡ
ǰմٵ۹õһϢıһȥǱ֮ǱƭһǮΪڻ⣬ֱթһʡ
ıӺͶӸȾ˶񫣬ȥƲȫˣǷ˾޶ծֻȥٵ۹ƶ߾סÿɿծͻᱻ򡣡
úͱӻ첻ȥѡȥ˼ҵŮҪĸӵɫС
ŮȥСԭסԺҲ˵ȥºнάơ
үӱԴ󷿶()ѱˣҲûΪ㸺°ˡҼȻ͵ܣؾûйôңҲġ
үӣᣬ󷿽ı()ѧʮ³ҲǱӦ
ЩҲǹǵģҾͺĽǵϢɡҽ飬õĹҸ˵Ժȴ˵һ㶼ӡ
ǰ紫ϢǱ߹ıȽң绹úáչˡһҵġ
үվ()ֲָѣ㣬㣡
㲻øлңһˡ
ۣү̲סһѪֱ˹ȥ
Ŀιȥˣͷ治һĲѾļǩˣȻһȥҽԺǩ
Ҫͷڲ()ϧѪҲ˵ġ
Цǻã
ͷֻУ۹ҲǳĲ
鵱ĿĿһţҲǵѡ͵ģֵͬ(qng)
Ϊǰ֤ˣȫûͷΣһڷȵĵͷʾ´˸绰ܿҽԱ
ֻܵ˴̼ιȥûʲô£ҽ֮
û¾ͺãȥҽԺסɡ˵
ãҽԱͽιȥүֱ̧ߡ
߹֤ԱҲȫС㣬תõĹ˾ͬѾȫ꣬ҴڿʼЧˡ
лӹļպá
ˣ˺ͷʶʮѺá
ͷ߳´
ллˣҪæҶ֪ҪôŪЩЦ˵
Цһ˲˵һ˭ҵء
()

734.734 ûչ

734 ûչ
ߵͣ׼ȥ
ϳһ߿һʣ׼ʲôʱʼӪ˾أ
ʵαϵҪæ׼ѧԺĿԣԺĿˣǿǵĸ죬׼ȿϣȥ˾
磬Ҫ鷳һݹļҩ˾ϣԼǰɶҪְԱһЩ(qng)֪ҵ˲Լ⣬Ǹ鷳ģҲû
Ц˵û⣬ѾԸȥռˣܸ㡣
绹һЧʣü۴Ц
ڶͷȥһǡ
ѾȫĹ˾ɾ滹Ͷ˲ٵĿһרڸͶסʱӡ
ͷұˣѾ½ִʼصھ
ұԱߵפأɴҲһСʱ
ҵĵʮʱӶ()һ˽˷ɴ͸ǣڷҼֵܳ˷⣬ÿ˶ӵˡ
ұ()ѧɴģÿ춼
˵ʱ򣬿ԭɽȳĵطѾʼıɵ¶Цݡ
ұ˼ǡ
С磬ܵĻڰԷұ۾
ұЦ˵Ҳϱտء
˼()ߣȻ˵̫԰ף˲˼ˡ
׼ˮܣһķϣٽ
ǲǻҪ˵лл
Լֵܲлұ§ļǰ
§ϵǰЦʣôûչ
ʲôܲұһ㶼ֻҪ쿴ˣҲˡ
ʣСɩƼҶ𣿡
ǰǴûкСɩģƺҲ÷ұ⡣
ˣ˻Ǻ˼˼ģ뽫ȥչˣʾԭ¼֮ǰΪˣ
ұҿóϲֲҩĺ͹ҽֻҪģҶֵ֧ġ
פرȽϽֻҪÿ춼ܹҪǻؼƼңֻԶ಻㡣
㲻ܽˮ¥̨ȵˣϷʡ
ұҲ(qng)ЦǣҲл
Ҫ˼æǣֻϵľ˶·»ɫһϲ
ˣ11~~~
()

735.735 Ҫ

735 Ҫ
˼ںš
óԼƵͼֽ˼ҽǹ滮һ飬ʱ㿴ͼֽ͸˹ͨ
Ѿһְҵ滮ĸ쾭콫ִ￪ʼ
˼ӹͼֽ˿кܶͼžһƬٵģ̲ס¶Цݡ
㻭ãʲôģָһƬطʡ
˿صһƬ׼轣ΧһȦ
ҪֲĴҩ˼ͼֽϸ˵һ顣
˼治ѣû뵽ôҩֲܹ
Ĺ滮Ժ󽫳ΪɫǵֲǣҲõܴ
뽫ĵ˵˳ڵĿܲȻˣҲûиƶ٣Ҫֲҩģ֪ܲܳɻϾ(qng)޷ֲġ
ƬԭֲܶﶼҪģܲŽ˻
ôǣֲĻԭҩģֻصչһƬ
֪ĵ⣬û£ѾרˣﲼһתʹĹ󷨣ٰװһЩӦþûˡ
Ѿʹ˵ãȹпʱæ󷨣ҲħٵķͶŴϣ֤ҩĵĴʡ
Ҫ̣Ҳܹûôǡ
˼ȻЩģȴȽţһúŵģ¾͵һʱϵ㡣
ãס
תһȦ˼̶˹滮
˻صΪ˼סһӣ˼³Ϊһٷ
ûãͨҪǿ٣żζҲܲһԵúܿĵġ
ճ꣬ұնˡ
ʾ£Ȼ
ܿһսװ˳ͶӰųѾ͵ڿʼۣҪ𣿡
ұûԥ
Ȼն˵˼Ҳܹ(qng)
ܿ˾ʹԶƵܣͷ׼˼ˡ
ʱļû֮ǰֽݰ裬·ϴڱźһ
ͷɢңϻмץۺͺףȻ˴Ǳ㲡
ҪģǿȵǱġ
ųͷ˼¾Ͳ붯ˣܿһűӵļ๤˹ȥһʼ˵һ䡣
ɼȴͶԷż๤Ӿ͸¡
()

736.736 һҵ

736 һҵ

˱ӳۣ̲ס
ۺĿż๤㾹Ҵң֪˭𣿡
๤мĿ˭ӣﶼҪһͬʵķۡ
Ҫʲô󱳾ᱻŵ
˵˴кģҪص㡰չˡŮˣԲ͵
˵ϹǵһսŵľųǷҵĵϵүұٴԡ
һñҸɻˣұĲ㣬ƽʲôҵġ
ԴӱѺ͵Ű֮춼ںС
ұ˧ͼãҪôĻӦúģҲͲñ䡣
ҹһ˻߱۸ʱͻ̲סұĺһڼﱻŴ
˲ˣ÷ֻұ
ܾĸ(qng)Ǽٵģֻͽ(qng)˾ͻ
Խô룬Լ²⣬̲ס
⻰һ㶣漴ЦԭǷųȫ˰()ϸȻ˼Ҫôô󣿡
Щ๤Ȩ޲󣬶ﷸֻ֪һЩϢ治֪Ƿұǰޡ
ұҲ˵еķ֮һȫǶйע
ͽ()ϸŮ˹û뵽Ůˡ
ǵģұûκαֱӹ˼˵Уñӵ(qng)ҲûأھƵ(qng)Ҳ˿ˣܻᱻȥ̹̹(())(())ģ·򣬽˴볾
Ȼ˱ȫҲ˱۵Ķ
˵Ť£ֻѣ˾ͻҵģҪǸҶٶֻ߼ලҸɻҾ˿㣬
๤һԲеŮ˶ųñˣôţвۣÿﷸҪִеġ
˵ѾˣûҲһŷųƷ͹()
Ƿǳõġ
˵ˣұֻҵһҵġ˵ļĽе
ڴʱսװ˿ն˹ȥ
๤׼ѵˣͼնͶӰŵķұ˽
Ů˲˵İɣųں
Ƕñ𣿻˶ܲ˰ɣųҪˣ
()

737.737 Ҿϲ

737 Ҿϲ
ұ֪Ϊ˵Ļü๤Գꡣ
ô£ż๤ʡ
๤Էұʵ˵ų˵ӣǲ׼ۣ׼ټලҪ㿪ңҽš
ô˵Ҳ÷ұŮ˵Ļ()ְ趯вˣǰ֪û˷ҵĴƤ
ұо֮ɫŮ˱ŵﻹ֣ȻвˣǰҲûٸ(qng)
˿ͶӰϵķұ۾ְ˰ҵͷǵĿϹϹǲǣ
ڳ˶̲ס˳ǣŮ̫ˣģˡ
ұҲĵˣСأܾѾ˻ϵٺϹҵͼҪۡ
ҽն˿ɲģҪǵ(qng)ģҾͷˣ
˵ɴ۾ŵ˵ôܣôܲˡ
ϹҴˣĴˣԺҲͽϵˣһȥɡһڷұǰŵ̬
˵˱Ϲʵĵˣұϵ֮ɫŨ
๤˼ҺѾǷޣȻ()ϸ(qng)ͲۣǸôôù˼ҡ
๤˿˸ô򿪵ȷʽǣ
ұ㲻ܲңҿǾչ˰˼С
ʱ˼ߵұǰҲͶӰϣˣڻðң㲻һڼΪСôôûûƤأ
˿ֵ˼һ˹ı(qng)㣬û£ôܣ
ôܣҵʧˣ˼Ц㻹ҪʧΪɻúúõģȴҪһˡ
(())ˣôţЩĻţִһŭɼͼʡ
˼Ŀ(())ˣҾҪúõĻŸ㿴Ҿ͸ˣ
ұҲڴʱ˼ļ򣬡ҪҺϲˣͱ(r)ˣôԴ˼˼ģһȫҲ
⻰Īľۣʱ˿ףԭԼԷұѾ˸(qng)
ôܲҪأ
ȻϲŮˣģԲȥܳԵȥˣ
˼Ϊ⻰()һұԵĸоˡ
§(qng)ĵͷҾϲ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~
()

738.738 Ϊʲô

738 Ϊʲô
ұ§˼ż˴δ(qng)
(())ˣ(())ˣΪʲôʲôҪ˱ұ˼񳹵״̼Ƿһ˼һԹĺ⡣
(())Сʱĸĳ(i)ھȻұôͲȥأ
˼ģͻȻú˾û˼
˵ʲô˾ͻʲô˼ԼҲѱô񶾣ⱨӦˡ
ұˣе֮ɫŨŮ˲ª(())ˣԺǵɡ
Һ˼úõҸһӣúõĿš
˼ˣɻɡұԼ๤˵
˵ӣûа˿Ļڸģ;öģҲ˼۾
๤صǣͼලۣ
ŷұڼ˲ŵнն˹ˣҲϾϣ
ұôôأô
ڵϣ¶֮ɫһǸ(())ģһǣ
Ǽ๤ģһŮ̫ˣһֱӳ˹ȥ
ɻû͵һ˵
ȼ˻񣬼๤ֳ˼ӣɻ
ԴˣҲûôףɼ˲˴ñӣսĳ·ǿˣ˾òˡġ
۵ȴ岻Ҳֻܱת()ͷɻһͻб¡
ͻȻһĸо
ֻˣԴ֮ÿһؼͻᱻŮ۸ǳе(qng)Ҫˡ
Ϊʲô
ұַԸ绰˶ࡰչˡһ֮ܶǲùҲˣŸɿȻ˼ҸǶԼĳͷͱ
绰ִ˼˼ҸղžǿҸġ
˼Ҫ˵û˿ݣǾǼٵġ
ǿŰǵʱϤĵչ˷ұҲһ(qng)㺡
ֻǾԼ()䲻Ҳһֱѹţĸ(qng)͡
ұʱԭ׼۾ܿ뿪ȴ˴()ݣݸð(qng)Ҳˡ
ղŷұʱúܿ죬̲סһɬ
ϵı(qng)Ҳ˼ֲ˼ûϵ֪ڰң
()

739.739 һ

739 һ
˼ڵЩңʵû뵽ұȻԼ׵
ʱԼվӣʵٵ̫Ŷóª
Ҳ˲ɵʣѵΪ˱ϲԼ
Ǽ()ݡòʣǱ()̫֮ˡ
ұƮ(qng)ҲŵҪ߽Ļ
ķ˺ܺóԣĳҲǳãлǿд¡תƻ⡣
˼ҲЦ˵ð֮ã
ͷסһڶԹ緹׼뿪
ó˺ܶҩӺ罻˼һʱҪμѧУˣûʱˣЩӺ͸֮ǰĹ滮¾ͺá
вģʱϵҡ
еѾֲֺ࣬ԼҩЧıǩ
ʱ˼һֱѧҩĵ֪ʶȫʤ
˼мԼΣص˵ͷģһչ˺ǵģʲôģҲ㷢Ƶʡ
ϵ(qng)ͷųɴ뿪
ʵϣź嫵ԺҲҪǮһ˽˷ɴ߿
Ҳܷδֲ֪ľҲá
ץְ棬Ц˵ٹһ꣬Ұ־ͻһң⿪ȥ档
Ц˵һء
ҾͲɲòԼϱķɴӡ
Ŀ()ϣаƤ񣡡
ǣƤô׷㣿㣬彾
ûĵûˣ
һƤȫһñһ񣬵ǹģĶˡ
˵Цһ˻飬ԷһЩѡ޿ĿϽصĲϰʱжͻصũ
ڶһ˿ȥѧУ
һܿʼҲ½иĿĿԡ
һҩˣָ󣬼ʱϰɹóҩõʦѧǶһ
Ϊ˴乫()Լһַ׵ļලÿһ˶ֱƵŵѧԺרŵĿϡ
ʵĿֱȥزƵҲֹ˵˭ĳɼˡ
ѡ޿ȽпˣΪ֮ǰעѧԺѧڹע
һóҩҲըˡ
()

740.740 ûôɣ

740 ûôɣ
ҽҩϳɾͲû˭Ϊῼ˲
ȴû뵽Ȼôҩˡ
[ŶãֱӴӶҩʦٶҲ̫ò˼ˣ]
[ֻóҩȻǰٷ֮ʮߣǺܶҩʦ޷ģɲǴһѧ]
[ҩϵĳɾͽ϶ͣ׵ĴУļ¼ǰɴûҩϵУɾҩʦġ]
[ţҩľţ]
[ִ˼¼׵ľѧ񰡣]
ֱóҩôߣûκɣֵҩѡ޿εһ
Ĳϰ£Ҳ˳ͨء
ǹŵֵĿˣùֵһףŵʱʮ֮һѹȫ׵õֵһ
ϴҶûо棬Ͼַ棬Ǵ¼ˡ
ʵսѵĿҲȽϿսһϿɵġ
ҲϣʵսĿĿбֺܺãͷһ˫˫֣еһ
[ѡ޿Ѿţ֮ǰĶע˶ˣ]
[֪ļʲôĳɼ᲻ҿƣ]
[ҿ̫˵ţѧҾùҵĿ()С]
[ʮŶ˹ӦòôţɣǴû˴ﵽĸ߶ȡ]
[ĪĶһš]
[ȻҲǾʮſͨѶȲһĴĿԴɡ]
ڴҵĹעѾٶעˣʵǶˡ
Ƕڵſܹţ᲻ҵš
ֻڶѧԺѧڹע˶˵ʮѡ޿ζע(qng)Ҳͬڹע
ķ˿ǶڹעһҡźᶨΪͨʮš
Ҳвϳ˥ôҰ̫̫ˣѧҲûôɣ
ҲЩۣûзϣȫȫ׼ԡ
ǻսĿԣΪһѧĻ֪ʶõսĺ٣֮ѧԺӵл׵֮٣εĿ˾ѡС
ѧǼʻ׽пˣȻղйٵָʾֶɶ֡
ԷǺģΪҪ濼ˣҪ͵ñ¶ӵо(qng)
оûо((co)co)ѧԺĻ׶˵С˼
֮ǰҶ͵Ŀ϶ŷһȥл׶սϰ˶((co)co)ʮϤ
()

741.741 Կ

741 (qng)Կ
ѧԺĿѶȲ򵥣Ҫ׵ʮȻٳǩսһΡ
ͷʮɵĺõʦ͹ۿֱҲҲʲôȱ㡣
սʱûг鵽һҲ˺ܼ򵥵Ĵ˶֡
׵һ˫֣˫һ
[ĻսȻҲô((co)co)Ͳְ]
[ѾǻսţֲȱǮԾнϰĵزҲ]
[Ǯ˶ˣȥﾭϰҲܶ࣬ôûô淶Ӧٶȸһ]
[ǣֻ˵һ㣬ѧϰ̫ǿˣڻսҲ츳ġ]
[Ӱսʿڱ()ҲܼʻսԺҪսһͽ]
[治ǷŮѣŮֵôﰡ]
һƬʵָһ⾪ϲ
ս֮󣬽ǻάޡ
ڴһѧ˵׶ǸܣſʼԭΣ˭ҪܰѻǶŶǹˡ
水ѧԺѧϰģƽȻҲῴһЩĻ鼮Ҫһ֧Ҳġ
ѧУĿ˲ףѧװһѶеȵǱѧҪ֪ʶ㣬Ҳѵ㡣
ȻŪһģһĻףѧǽ
Ϻά޵(qng)֡
Ȼǻʦ()Ի׵˽ά޶˵С˼װҲ֮ǰļල±ú
֪ʶѧĺܺãԶֹ⿼ͬѲ
õĻʦӡ걻֣ԭɼѾǳˡ
ȴͷ壬˼˫ֺ˫һ
һø𾪣Ƕû뵽Ȼٴ˵һ֡
[Ҳ֣ôˣѡ]
[ǰһϵ֣Щϵ(qng)ԿҾҪͼǿˣö]
[װַά޲ȿñǻϵ˻Ҫרҵܶ࣬Ҿתϵˡ]
[ʲô]
[𰸣ҪʣµĿ֪]
[ҪǽĿˣֵһҾͳ׷ˣ]
[Ȼ֮ǰֵĺʣµĿ˶ֵһоܲʵ]
[Ȱɣ]
Ϊ֮ǰļſȫ֣ѧԺĸ߲͵ʦҲ̲סע
˵ֻ֣ҪʣµĿγȫͨǶѧԺļ¼
()

742.742 ô

742 ô
˻ڼǲϷоĿˣ
εĿǵʦһݲϣȻѧͨͬҳ();
óĶͲϣڿѧƵķȴûѧǼֲϡ
ϲоҩģԲϵоҲȽϸȤſγѧ֪ʶ㶼Ѿ͸ˡ
꣬Ȼ¼Լķݣжϳ˲ϵ();
һͱжΪأ˸Ծǣһֲϵ;ĿǰΪֹûб˷ֵġ
Ϊ֤ʵһ㣬ѧУĵʦѸʵ֤
ȫ̶ֱκ׵(qng)
ͬ˳ԾΪķȫԣֲϻµ;ʻܸߡ
ĳɹרˣȻһѧԺĿгɾͣⲻֻѧԺĸ߲͵ʦѧ۾ЩѧרҶˡ
ɼ˭֣ӹ˸һ
꣬оĻ᳤ԸѧУһ绰ϣܹоᣬ˲Ǿ˷츳
ѧУѯ󣬹ˡ
ֻǴһѧھȥоᣬὫķ̶ûά޵Ҳ˵һ
ҩǱ߻Ҫأˡ
һŵĿ˽׵ı(r)ͷ
[ҵ찡ȫ˲ϣô̵ʱڣԼоһ;ôģ]
[ѧѧɡ]
[Ҿ⻹ѧѧԵԭ()ΪѧԵǰմմϲڿѧ˲䱻ˣһԽĺ蹵]
[¥ϻ(ͦͦ)֪֮ģҾſĿܲ֡]
[Ҳ֪ҶѾܲʮͨˣ뿴ܲʮŶ֣]
[ѧжҾȻҲôģǵתѾô]
[ʮЩ쿪˰ɣоѣ]
дᶨʮ֣Ҳ̫ˣ
ǶѧĿˣһȤֻһ㣬ӵл꣬Ⱥһŵѡ
һѶ̵þ״̬ܺãˣƷʺͷ൱
ĽҶԿȵʦҶ֪ôһֺ͵һ
ⶼ˶ٸֺ͵һˣܲøڶô
()

743.743 ѧֻ

743 ѧֻ
ܿ쿼˾ֻʣš
ԭֲоһŶ˵ټ򵥲ˡ
ֻͬоѧԺṩֲ();ֹЧ;
ѧԺԭֲϵʦǣһȲĿʼ֤Ľӡ֤Ĺ۵㣬ٴδ˿˼¼
˵һֺ͵һȻռ(r)ͷ
ѧУĵʦѧǶ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣرѧǣѾ޷Լһδ𾪵(qng)˱˲ô
[ҾͲԴоħ죬֣]
[ҲţȻѧϰҲ̫˰ɣ]
[¥ϣ֮ǰҲкܶ˲ô֣ɶˣ]
[ĬĬĿŲ˵ۣ]
δҶѾЩȷˡ
ܿ˽
Դоȫˣεûµķ;Ҳõ֡
Ϊֻһȫȱ׼𰸻ϸ㵽
׼һۿֱͻȻǿʼľˡ
ħѧĻѧԺֻѧһ򵥵һħƻ£ںܶѧ˵ѶѾܴˡ
˵ĳɼҲֻǿĳ̶ȣһҪȫֻҪַԣֻһҲܹصġ
ܶ˶ֻһ룬вٲַ⡣
ˣֻһˣһħƻȻƷֻеȣҲѾ˺˵ľ롣
һ(qng)£˵һǴħϵѧҪһħƻףȴġ
ؼ˼Ǻϵѧħϵġ
̶ȣֶ˵ȥһŵѡ޿οˣּӵһ
ζ(r)ˣΪһһֱţעҲԽԽࡣ
ĸ߲㣬ѧԺĵʦѧ⣬вٵҲʼע
Ҳˣʵ̫벻ˣ
ڶѧԺĸ߲ҲˣžǿϲѧУһôеţѧеѧֵýġ
ǵУϹҳ˹ϲϢ
ϲУϵѧȡʮѡ޿ֵһĳɼѧԺļ¼
⻹ѧУһУϷϲϢѧУˣ
[ʮѡ޿βȫͨأʮ֣ʮһʲôˣ]
[ţ((Ʊ))ˣ̫ţ((Ʊ))ˣֻ˵⼸֡]
[״ѧԺļ¼˵ʮѡ޿֣ʮѡ޿ȫûȴˣ]
[ǰ˵һѧԺѧû(qng)ΪǵڶѧԺ⣬䣡]
[ʣʲôģ]
[Ժѧֻ]
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

744.744 ֻǷ

744 ֻǷ
ͨѧԺѡ޿οˣ׵һսܶ˹Ϊһѧ
ͬڵڶѧԺ߲㡢ʦѧǵļһѧԺĸ߲ѧǾƲˡ
ķͷɶǵһѧԺŻģǶˡ
˲ôȥ˵ڶѧԺ
ҲвٵһѧԺרҵĵһǸһѧĳƺŲǺܷ
Ǿѡ޿εĿѶȣԱרҵ˵ѣҪǻϣ˵úá
ֻȴҲ޷粵ʵǿɲ˵ԼҪȥμʮſ֡
˳ɼԤ֮УϾϿʦ˵ȫ͸ˡ
֮󣬻˲ٵĲѧϰоҲ˲ÿһŶ֡
꣬ϿβϰоҲǲܿôõģ˵֮ǰ̳϶עģҪȫҿơ
ηҲʮŶˣȻмǿڼϹģȴҲǴļ¼
Ҫǻ϶ͱ(r)ͷˣֻʵĹâ̫ʢڸˡ
ܹõʮֺ͵һԼû˺ͽ
ͷǲ
壺ŮʮѡѧԺļ¼ֻ֮ǰ˵Ҫȫҵ۲ֻۣǷ
ûǣĸձʮѡ޿ʱ˳̺Ͳá
ҪʼǰҲв˳˥ʱͺܲˬڵȻҪüĴЩ˵
˵ģŰǲҲֻҷ
Ȼ֮ǰ÷̺ͳ˥ˣǲȴû˭ҳȥ
ͷķ˿ȫðˡ
[䣬̫ˣҶЩ˵۰]
[̫ˣÿζܴЩ˵žžžˬ]
[һѧ׵ģ˭бҲʮѡ޿]
ķ˿Ҳͷһȫһš
ܿҲǲѧԺļ¼ʾ˹ϲ
˶żĸ߲㡣Ҳٷ̷ҶһϱôӺ͹עˣַ۹ɻôõĸо
ؼҿôʣһ߲㶼ɵЩڣ֪Ӧð˹ȥӴˡ
ϧ÷ҵСӽȵǡ
˻ϵ˰˹ȥȡܴӷｫǲûÿɳܣý
ð˹ǰؼˣֱӾܾǵҪ󣬲ҪΪɣʱ䶼ն˵ɹر״̬(ɧɧ)š
()

745.745 Ϣͦͨİ

745 Ϣ(ͦͦ)ͨİ
ʮѡ޿οϣʮͨأҲӮ֮ǰעѧ֡
һͱˮһΧ
ˮһ޸ı˱̫ţˣʮ֣ȫ󰡣
ǰ̫ˣ֮ǰһעνӮ˲ѧ֡()ûô(r)(qng)ҲΪѸ˺ͽɫ
ЦŵãҶʮѡ޸ȽϸȤԷľ٣ſñȽϺã
ǶҪף£ˮһ
аЦʣҪôףأǾ˵ͣ
ٺ٣ҲС򡣡
ˮһ޶գգۣ֮ǰͷȥײԷζΣ
ʳĺʣζ(ͦͦ)ģʵ˵
ˮһȥײһٰɣ֮ǰһֱԣϧÿζûλá
ļ岻ǱҷҲȱֻϧڵ۶ӰȴСԺѺЩλá
ЦǺײѾǲһˣ
УѣҪǶõλãǽȥԣҲԣҲĵѵġ
ҲֻѼŲôͿ
ˮһֱ˱̫ˣҪǸˣҲһҪ׷㣡
ЦǸˣҪ׷Ƶñᣡ
ˮһһҭ˵϶ó(qng)
ǿ˵һǺ۰ɣһ±ģ
ϲʵ()ִ˴Ҷ㼸˰ο㱻˵飡
ȻĵˮһЦе˵
Ӧˮһޣóն˸һ绰
ܿ켧t()ӰͶӰʱһشǰһƿȥֹ
ȹϲǵѧС㣬ִһƬ˵Ʊ˾١
ԴӺҲϤ˺ܶ࣬Ҳѡ
ʧЦллϰĿޣ
tһںƣôҴ绰ˣǲֲسĺöҪҺ
üϢ(ͦͦ)ͨİ
ǵȻˣҿɾǳ뷹ġtЦŵ˵ģũÿṩԭ߲˶ҵĲ˵Ǳˮн̫ˡ
Ҫչ۵Ұɡ
ԴũԭʳĺĲ𱬣ĲҲŻ
()

746.746 Ц

746 Ц
߼װƷζҪˮ׼ҪʳĵƷʸҪ
Ǯ˿ɲɵӣҪֻװ޷ĸƷζһ㣬ҲǲᱻϿɵġ
ǰߵ˲٣ȴࡣ
ȨƵˣǺƷʵĲˣѾˡ
ֻϧ𱬣ÿ춼ҪŶӣԭʳĻ̫ˣ춼ҪӵķǶԹƲƷ㡣
һ˵ҪǣЦˡ
ԭϵģ˵ڶѧԺڿˣûдţ˭֪ȴ绰ˡ
ҪҪæĵط˵ϣֲǼƻɹˡЦŵ
۶ֻҪеλϢͨ˶֪ҶһǵҶı꣬Ȼ׼ֲǡ
㣬ܶ˶쿪ȫǱҺ̣
˭֪Ƕ޷ֲķ򣬷˭˻Ὣ䵱Ҫľǿ⣬ȡ
רңо˶궼ûнչ⣬ż̸£˵쿪
ȻҲмٲڹϾ̫ˣ׾Ƽ¼ģ˵ֻҲûϣ
ȴĿദ֪Ůûаղȥ()ӣȻܽũôãҲܽתΪֲǡ
ϾũǸ󷨣Ҳ֮ġ
ͼtʱ仹(ͦͦ)ģ˳۸Ҳˬ졣
ЦʣҲֻһԶѣô϶ֳв˵ſЦġ
Щ˲ǣ˽ﻹ˵˵ɾְ˷ң͵ֱ䡣
ͷԭĳи˸ױһЩһС飬רΪũ̽
ЩҲǼͷǱ߷ģֻǶЩ˱ۣûзϡ
t˵ʧˣҲûʲô
ֲҪҩģӦûж١ּtҵ۹Ȼܶ
t֪ҪֲʲôЦ˵˵ŵʱһҩţѾȫʧˣӦǻģǺһҩŲΣ
Դӿ֮оܶŵʱڵϣҲ˷ҩŶԵ()ȱȽϺãֻϧȴҲ䷽ˡ
()

747.747 ô

747 ô
ҩ漰ҩģпܲСĴһͳ
û䷽ͳʦǰᣬtɲ
֮ǰũֲҩ̫ˣṩȵҩ˾ȻҲû취
Ҳһ˵ҪһרֲҩģͶˡ
ԼС˼t̻۾Ц˵ʹЩδֳҩĵ˰
Ҫǵֳ϶в˶ϵģҵȻҪΪǿˡtʵ˵
ԭƷʺõҩģ˺Ǻȱģҩ˾취չ
ҪֳҩЩҩ˾϶Ҫסһӵˡ
˵ҩȷʵ֮ǰҲ
ȻҲԼŪˣ˵˵ôɡʡ
˽˹챬ÿ춼æҲûҪŪҩų
ԭлٿҩŵ꣬Щʧһĳչ
ֻҪѧԺǱΪ޼֮ũҩʱŵһߡ
˭֪tôѾһƬհгļֵ
Ȼ˺ȥӪֻṩҩĺ䷽ǱȽʡ¡
tҪҩŲǾԲСС֣ʱҩҲܴﵽãҲв棬ȫ(qng)Ȼܾ
tѾˣҳطˣžӪҲֻṩҩĺ䷽ͺˡǰձɣҰչҩĵķõ㡣
ʵҲֻṩ䷽ҪܵʾʦȻãҩĵҵģҲ˶
ôʲôҪһ䡣
˵ֲسҩֻҪŻҪۣҩ˾߼򣬸Ͳ
ֻұ()ҩҲܸȤԿԺҾ÷ıҪһģ
˶˵Ҳֻṩ䷽ÿһҩŶ̻ĳʦԭҩĵг۸۸㣬Ҳ԰һЩæ
ȻǮ˳ûҵ䷽ҩģҲǿҩŵģֵˡЦ׻ظ
tʧЦ㲻ǿϧˣ
ǲ̫ˣÿ껹Ҫһȥءۻۡ
ɳĵ˵ҩŲҲ˽÷ָ棬׿Ǳң׬ľԲ٣ܳ㿪ǲʵ׬ˡ
()

748.748 Ϊǿǲһ

748 Ϊǿǲһ
ȻҪ̸ּۻǺбҪġ
ܽܵģֻܱǸˣ
׳ЦҿǼأ(r)ѣԴЧӦúÿ¡
tȽϼᶨҲ֪ߣûôǾʹӦˣУѧС֪˵Ҷò
Ҳֻ֪ҩ䷽ܽζıȽϺãҩҲֻũֲƷʺá
ҪҩŲЭ⻹ʲô취
ܿһ֧ǱɣԿ㽫˵⾪ϲ
ûЦ͹̧ҰɣϧôҶ۵ġ
㲻ۣҲûаtε˵
涮ץ˵Ĺؼ̸У֪ԼƣȻ
ҲѹܽǸСշǸСǹһ커š
ҪѾͷһˣҲ̲סŮˣҪȢؼҵ뷨
һ˵۹ãΪǿǲһ
Ȼ̸˷ǲҸʱ̸̸ȻǩԼtƷŵģֻȷ㰲ġ
ʧЦͲҵֲҩʧܣǩ˵Ҳ״Ͼũṩôҩġ
ʧˣҲгɹʱҵȵ𣡡tЦЦ
ҩǰѾоˣǰһֱûлῪɣ˻ȻŹٵȼҲûʲô
˵ΪôεǸʧˣ϶Ҳҵʵֲ
ʵڲУҴӼֲǸ㣬ܿ
⻹ܰ쵽ġ
Цż˵ղŴӦҪҿˣ
ȤǳŨӦÿãͷУǾҸʱǳ̸̸ǩԼ
ҪٸҵǰͶʣʱҵķֳۣȻҶ͵ģǰڵͶҲ٣Ҫźܶ豸ʵȡ
tϴƽϣû⣬ʱһдԼǰڶֲصͶˡ
ҪǳɹˣԺ󿪷ֲҪҵĲṩԭߡˣȻҪȡһЩˡ
ͷȻû⣬ֻԭ߹ƷЩ󣬶ԸĲṩ㡣
()

749.749 

749 
ҪֲҪܶΪϣԭ̬ȾģֲڻֳһŪֳǱġ
tЦҵȻ֮ˣũʳǿ˶ģ֮ǰṩ()ƷÿζڲˣͻͲˡ
ҪǶṩ㣬Ҳٱ
һֲһ()׬ǮˡЦЦ
漴һ䣬Ҳˡ
ʲô£һΪ̸Ͷʵءt˻ξƱЦʡ
Ҳʲô£οò뼸ȥ㿪ĺײԷֻλ̫ѶˣҪ㿪š
tЦһΪʲôأС˼
һͲǱߴкԺ͸һרðˣʲôʱȥòͶС
˶˵µв㶼һ̸Լʱһźڿ
Ĳ˽˹ݲͬעһЩԺܹصĿͻһźڿֻҪ붩λãԶܱ֤С
ҾллˣĲλȷʵѶ(qng)
tĲܸߵշѲһĹ󣬵ɷʳҲǱȽ϶ģʦĳҲܺãԼҲ壬ʱʱζܲ
tЦѶ˽˹Ѷ
˵ҪҲҿһţҼͷϲ˽˹ݵĲƷֻϧλá
ȻҪǲˣ
˽˹ֻзүӺлүܹմմ⣬˲ʲôٸߵ()ҲҪŶԤҲǿ
ҲҪԣҪͬأ
˵ߺŲܿȺӣҿÿ¸ֱӶλȨޣǰ͸ױкᰲŵġ
ô˵ԺҲǴ̣˼ҲԼҺڿˣһŶҲ˵ȥ
İһмţ͸t(qng)ɡ
tһЦˣãһҲãҼͷҪ֪϶ˡ
ʵڲÿ춼ҪũһԭʳģֻҪ³ζҲ˽˹ݲ
ͷǾϲ˽˹꣬ȥλֺ˾ȥ԰ڣͲˡ
ÿȥԻҲ޲ѣʱ򻹻ҵС磬˼ҵŮѣȴǸ()Ｋˡ
㾭Ӫϣʵ(ͦͦ)ģôͷǡ
˺Ĵ˹ʶԼ˼̸Լʱ䣬ŹҶ˵绰
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

750.750 ˺ܶ

750 ˺ܶ
õ˼tĺڿûŴȻλˡ
ȴ绰һ䣬tٶȺܿ죬һȥͳɹˡ
Ȼָ˵绰ϯһ
ŸԾշһϢŵһԷ
ҲϵѣȻҪۻ(r)ֵ㡣
߶Ӧˣǡ
˿ȥ˺ײԾսҲպõ
һ˱(r)(qng)͵˰䡣
ˣ尿˳ȥľЩǰʱôûô(r)(qng)
Ծ̧ͷһ£ΪԼأ϶ǼtǼһԸġ
֪tкϵ
尶򣬡ԭѹֶ䣬ǰҪǰܶ
̫ˣھҵŮ񣡡Ц˵
彫ִϣһУݿԣŮˣ
尰һۣСۣ
Ͱ˹ϵãȻСͺͷһ˲Ը
Լû뵽ܹΪһ۲͡
ǣֻҼϴģͱˡϯ͵ǰɼܵĽ(qng)
尵˵ܱ᲻ҽŮȫ귽ġ
Լֵ׷ʧˣɲϲԼġ
()ȽϻҪҵֹ˳ģȻűȽºͣȴǸƲ磬ɳԲס
ͺãǾ㣡ϯȭͷ
ߣߣӣӻ㲻ɣ
һԲϾҪɼܣڵˣԺѣ׼һ͸ɼܣۻûǵķݡ
⻰˲ҪɼܵƣڨڨЦǾͿЦ˭Ҫɼأ
⻹࣡ͷ
ܿƷͶ˿ʼĳ
Ծһ߰Ϻһ߿ηͷĺʢҷǳ֧㡣
ҲΪһѧĳƺţõһѧԺĲ˶˲ҪμѧԺĿˣҪСصԸ㡣
ѧԺǱҲкܶ˲Ѿ˽ҪӸܣһڶء尲䡣
̫ˣҪ˭ܹڿдܻѹǾܲ(r)ֱӺһ
Ų٣˺ܶ࣬λĸ٣֪ιҲҪ
()

751.751 »ᱻʰĺܲ

751 »ᱻʰĺܲ
ԼҽϯǵĵӸм˺ܶࡣ
ЦЦǲսҰɣһ¿أ(ͦͦ)ġ
Ծվϲ㣬Զӵǿģǣվߡ
ҲҪģµһѧԺ͵ѧԺ˽ȶԸ㣬ҷѾ˴()ˡٴѡ
ͷлѣһעġ
Сκһ֣²Ҳġ
ˮһ޺Ծ()ΪһѧԺŮս񣬾ȻҪСѧԺˡ
ǵûж⣬ܵĹҲᣬȴ̾Ǻټġ
ԾЦ˭˭ʲô
οΪҵѧ㣬Ӧ(qng)ȻֱӲ뿼ˣȴһֱǵġ
Ц(qng)ð˵ǻһ档
ҲôġԾ
æз£һ氡һһѧԺм̫ΪˣҲɵһ𡣡
˹ѧѧԺҲ治̫ͲҲܴ̼
üЦͲ¸棬ʱ򱻵һѧԺЩ˴
Щ˻濴ȻҪ˽
ȥ(ͦͦ)˼ģϲսĿˣҷҲԱһ
尲İڰ֣Ǹ봸ңƾ
ѧԺֻѧԺѧһ𿼺˰нȴû˵һҪͱԺѧһжߺⲻӵҪˡ
ЩԵɵ죬»ᱻʰĺܲҡ
ôǿ()ʶȤ⣬۹⣬ҼĻ죬֤û
ڳļ˳˳ǣǷַֻһ˼룬Բз۰
Цӵ֣һǲ֪
εĿ˵ģܶԪأ֪ʲô𣿡ŵԼá
ԺƲƲ죬֪汣ܵýء
үүԴϴλͻ()򲡺ڰ״̬ٹܵһѧԺ(qng)
εУǵԼҹϵһ㣬Ϊ˵УʹһЩֶΣǼҺܷУһϢû˵Ծʼ硣
ǽǱĿˣѧԺУҲҪ˵֪ݣ֤ƽ()ȻУ׼Ļᡣһ䡣
ͷҲã
()

752.752 ǧ

752 ǧ
˾۲ͺúõĳһ٣ˮһޡ͵ԾҲ˲ٹϵ
ɢ󣬷ũϯ彫ˮһͻѧУ
ڶһ磬ճ;յˮһ޷Ϣ
ôˣһʰһʡ
̧ͷ˵ȥ³ۣںܶ˶˵ܹ֮ʮѡ޿ε֣ҪΪָˣ˵sľӳ֣϶Ҫҿơ
֮ǰĶע˳Ƕڲ²˭ѹסʮȫ
üĸ˵ٴ˰ɡ
ʮ**ǵһѧԺ͵ѧԺϾѧķͷ̫ʢԾӰ
ͷӦþѧУɵģֻǲ֪ûнƲ
ֶκƽ磬϶ˡԺǷС
˵ȥ˭ٴ࣬Ȼ󾾳ȥһңһ١
ЦЦô鷳Ҫȥܼ򵥡
ںǵѧȴܶԵڶѧԺĿмӳãܹһЩ()
ҪǱԷɹܹʮȫ鹦ھָϣܲ˾Ͳô־˵ʱʿҲûôˡ
Цеʣô򣿡
һǼȥѧԺĻ᳤ȡ֮ǰ¶עѧ֣۾Ͳˡص
Ǵˣһ˵붮ٺ٣
м½Ϣ˵£żͷǱҲ鵽˰ȥˮҪѹѧͷ
ǲᣬᴦõġ
ָҶһϢӽŵ㽭лתҶһ׹˾ĻϢһںˡ
ڻû֤˵()ϸҲ޷ץѾҶҴ˰кص㶢
ҶΪҶ(qng)ȽϿأܿͻػص㶢ģϢ͸
ĩûȥǣΪҶһлүȥԺ˿Щˡ
·ϣлүӴ(i)ĿСӶμѧԺĿˣ㿴ǺǧҶѵ¡
һֱסũȽ׽˲ˣȻ֮ǰزлȴȫƿ¡
յϢӣҪڿǲˡ
Ҳ׼ȥѵˣ»ἤ˸棬Ǿúһٰɡ
()

753.753 ԽԽ˼

753 ԽԽ˼
ϴлүҲ˵Ҫӵɫȴû˵ɾǡ
һлүӵĻ¾ܲ³ӿҪڿԼ
Ҫǿܻеңүã뿪Ц
лүӰڰ֣֮ǲҵ㣬СӾƽ̫̹Ϊ͸ʰˡ
ƽﶼȽ֮ڹ̣֮ܽǻҲͨˡ
ֻ︣ܶ˻ᱻԹǾͰĵũס£ʱæԼϼһԳԺȺ棬(r)ӹ̹
ͱ˵ںˣƾʲôôƣûӵľϵˡ
Ҫǿˣƾʲôôغϲ(i)ѾŹȻؼˣ
үӵ˼ЦȻˣҾͲүӵˣѵĺˣɲܹҡ
үôˣȻܾ
֣ԽԽˣ㽱үӿЦ
СƤ񣬲ôУ
лȥҪôѹһͷˣɵ˼磬Īĸо()Ϸ
һֱүүоǶûһڱ˵˵£žҪԸ
ҲֻҪѹһ£֤ǲѣûҪ˺ϾǾүүˡ
ֻǲ֪ԼүүѾĵҪݺʰˣԻ̲סɣǲүӵŮ
һ㿴϶˵ȥЩӵܡ
ʢ֮ͱȽ㣬һûмͻȻð˱ȥͱȽױãȻԡ
εУԽԽ˼ˣ
ϵڷͣһƬĽѧȫ˾ָϣô()Ͽɡ
ͷķ˿Ȼͬ˵Ҫ³ȥЩ˺ȴֹˡ
ȥ˺ʲô˼ֻϲ
һϵĿ꣬Ϸ塢ˮһ޺ʮָߵȥѧԺѧһ᳤
ܶ˿һĻ׷͵͵ĸȥ(r)֣֪Ҫʲô
ѧ칫ﲻֻл᳤вٸɲţ߽Щȡ
᳤Цվ()ʣ£
ЦŻصȡѧֵġ
᳤ʣȡѧ֣
()

754.754 ׬

754 ׬
òûʲôѧֵĻ
ʮѡ޿οֵһȷʵѧֽڷҪȫ˽ͳ֮ѧڷ
֮ǰ᳤ѧԺ̳￪һľ֣ܹѡ޿ĸȫѹʮȫԾȡѧ֡Це˵
᳤ɴ۾Ȳѣʲô֮ǰעʮſͨصģˣ
֮ǰһֱڲ²⣬˭۹ôôãȻѹܹͨء
ȴû뵽Լͷˡ
ǸʱǾ()ʲͨ˵ķϲģѧѹԼ()ϣѺһѹ˵ʱѾˡ
ôһ᳤ĸɲһ¾Ȼˡ
Ǿ֪ЩԲţʲôǿָŷ̵ģǸʱͲ֪ʲôʱָء
ϾǸ¶ӰžģҪǾˣҲûôⶾָ
᳤Ц֮ǰ˶עӮõѧ𣿡
᳤ڨڨЦ˵ܣȻܣ
֮ǰϵԣҲǾߵԵʣʮ֣ҪҲsľָҲ
ȴȫƷ뷨ɲھϵ(qng)£ȫѧѹԼӮأźͺܱȵ
£ѧǷϲʱͿһŷʲôǳ˼ţ((Ʊ))
֮ǰѹסѧȫѧͳţ᳤֤֮ǰѺע(qng)Ƿʵ֤ĺ󣬽Ӯѧȫת˹ȥ
׬ˣ᳤תѧֶ̲סЩĽ
һ¾Ӯôѧ֣ǰǴδй(qng)
Ҳǵ󣬸ôıҲһĸߣҪ˿ɾͳ֡
ЦЦԤ֮е(qng)⻹ҪлѧԺѧѧΪǹף´Ļᣬ᳤ٿľ棬һ룡
᳤˳ǣôŲҪľ֣ԼѧֶҪˡ
ȿȣԺ˵ɣɿһ漴תƻЦ뼸ˣǶѧԺ֮㣬ûȤѧ᣿
ǵĲܣֻҪѧᣬұ֤Ǹɲ᳤ͻȻýͷѧǺ¡
ͷȴôȤʱû뷨Ժл˵ɡ
᳤ҲǿˣЩʧҪȤˣʱҡ
ã˻Ǹӵĵͷ
()

755.755 ֱռ

755 ֱռ
ôߵȥѧȡѧ֣һʱͱ֪
ѧ֪ˣѧУ쵼ȻҲ֪ˡ
˸뿪᳤ͽӵѧУһλ쵼ĵ绰
绰ķԸһӣѺעӮѧֵ(qng)Լ֤ݣͼȥ
Ǵˣ˼Ҳ²µϳûԣӦǹԺѹ
ҲӴѹ˵ڶѧԺôУҪܻȥ
־һҪڿѧԺƣһѧĳƺġ
ǻ᳤Լ뷨ѧɲ˵˵Ҳ߲ѡ
û뵽ôҪȻҪѹ񶨵()鹦츳ϡ
Ƿ׷ת˻᳤ӡ
ڶѧԺĹܿ˲Ƶȫʮѡ޿ĵʦ˵εϿʼǵһЩͼԼһЩһСƵ
ٷһλɷ츳ĺûмӳãҪĻǺŬ
ھ()ʣ䵽ͨ˶ʱ򣬻ȫָʱõһѧԺļ¼ҪĻĳ֮ԺŬڷܣԼԼϿɣϣλͬѧҪ̫츳ѧϰ
׵ľǵڶѧԺվٷЩһĴֻһ츳ˡ
ڶѧԺѧǷ׷תӣͷķ˿Ҳת
׵ģúܶζ(r)ͷֱռˡ
[ԭűʮѡ޿ξ֪Լ϶ܹ䣬˵һѧ]
[ǸʱɻʲôûлָЩ˵ֻ츳ˣ۲ۣ]
[ÿδô죬ôˬ䣡]
[ˮǿԹˣԶڲģԶžžž]
[ĺˮʲô˵£ÿοһҲñţ]
[ͻȻϸѧ츳ɿ˵һĺ־]
[ԭѧƽѧϰô棬ԭʼķʼǣΪѧʼǵңúúգ]
[Զ˵ɹǰٷ֮ʮŵĺˮӰٷ֮һĴǣ⻰һ㶼٣]
[ѧôŬǻŬ]
[ŬŬ쿪ʼѧѧϰ]
[ǰֻ·ˣڿıʼǺÿ֣Ҿˣ]
[ˣҲҪҲմѧ֮]
ڶѧԺ֤һЩԭڴˮͺ˲Ϩ
ô죿ѵ˵֪Լʲôʱָ츳
Ƕţ
ֻеۣ̫аˣÿδô졭
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

756.756 ˼ҵĺ

756 ˼ҵĺ
(r)ѣȻ˸˵Ĺע
ŷ֣ԭ˼ֻ츳˼ҵĳɹƽŬ
ʲôζԴʼǣκ󻹻ҳ磬Ŭм
һѧԺЩѧ˭ĳ˵ÿſζôʼǣûеġ
ܶ˶Աרҵ֪ʶȷʵѧϰɶԴĿͻȽϲģΪѧԺѧԶԶ
˵ڶѧԺĽͼСƵҲ̵ᵽԭѧ񣬸ȻҲѧеĴ򿪷ʽ
ʲôŬֻ츳ܳΪѧȫǳ
һѧ費ûбڵˡ
ҺܿͳΪҳвϳ޵Ķ󣬾ӣ˼ѧôŬЩѧŬ˼
׵ٵ˼ҵĺӣ
תٶ֮죬ȻҲ˸߲ǵĹעǷ֮ǰܻС
ӵܽΪǼҵģñȥĽɣ
ôһѧԺ͵ѧԺЩǸȻҲѧǿ츳ģһҪѹȥ
˵£ҪѹӮ˼˽ԼϵԽԽ࣬һѧԺ͵ѧԺ˽ϵҲ
ڶѧԺҲ˿˲˽ȥǼٲ֣󲿷ֶվҡźͿ϶ġ
Ϊô־ҲεĿ˶һЩġ
һѧԺôдʮѡ޿ֵѧԺˡ
ҲȵһѧԺѧͷڣʲôҲҪԼ
ͻȻһʿõڶѧԺĸ߲㶼ⲻѣȴּɣǸĲˡ
뵽˻תû뵽Чôá
ģôôأҪǻƻȥЩˮͺӣʰˡ
ôȫˬ죡
Цŵ˵ıǼ⣬Զѧŵ㣬ȥ
ʱȥսŴ(())˷ǳĴҲñͨµķϲ
ҵȻҪѧϰˣһϱΪȷ棡Цס֡
ԺҲöදˣˬ׵Ҳһ֮·Ҳͷˣ
Ư׵Ļһѡ
()

757.757 㿼

757 㿼
ˢն˵ļtת˹Ȼû
ѹ˵ԼԴЧӦ϶С
˭ܾ(r)ѣǹȥģҲֻˡ
ת(qng)Ļ
ڶȥϿΣһڿΣμϢʱʦϵ
ЩĪҩѡ޿ѾҲ֪λʦҪԼ
߳ȥòЦкʦʦ
ʦƽȴϲɫЦʣе£鼸ӣʱ𣿡
μϢʮӣûµʦ˵Ҳ(ͦͦ)ϲλʦġ
ʦ½ȣЦſڵҩ츳ǿⷽ()ܸߣѾҩʦĳɾͲͣҾںϵ̫ϧˣûתϵ򣡡
ȥҩϵѧϰԽӴ䷽ȽҩиרҵĶӦҲ֪ġ
ҽ̹Σǳϲ⣬㲻ֻ츳ãóƽûоҩһƼȥҩʦѧᣬ㿼£
ˣҹҲǴҩϵתϵģֻҪԸ⣬ǽṩõѧϰԴ˵ȻҪˣ(to)һ(to)вͨˡ
ʦϲҩţҪǲרҵ()ѧϰ̫ϧˡ
ҩϵ쵼һҲʦ뷨һҲϣڿǰתҩϵʱԺĿϷӳɫΪҩϵ
һ⻰֪ԷѾϳԼǸ()
Ц˵ʦұ()ҩܸȤϲܱǸڲ̫תϵ
Ҳ֪ʦǺģúϵ(ͦͦ)ãʦһֱչˣҪǾˣδЩ˵ȥ
ʦģҲתϵҲһֱҩѡްѧϰģһ˷Լ츳䱣֤
ʦ¼˵ļᶨûзУ(qng)֮ˣΪ߿һۡ
У㲻תϵҲǿԺʲôĵطңҲԡɻοΡ
΢Цŵʦʦҷͺã
⻰͸ż׽УʦµЦݸģҸ˻أʱң
һֱΪѧԺһڵһѧԺҩʦͺܺ⣬еѡ
ãҲԸʦ߶׽
()

758.758 

758 
ʦҲûжȰ˵ҪϿξ뿪ˡ
վ˵ҲûпΣܿҶ֪ҩϵĵʦתϵ
ޱȵ𾪣⻹ǵһϵĵʦҺϵѧתϵء
ϵѧ̲סĪĸе
رûдӦʦµ룬Ǹøк͸Ľ
һʱϵԴϵħϵҲ׷еʦתϵ
ѧԺ˵ʱڣԺ˲ţ츳û⣬ѧϰŬ̶ȸϿɡ
ҪתϵѧԺĿбȽͻϵҲͱȽˡ
ϵκ͵ʦϵתϵˡ
Ǻϵò׳һ෽涼ڵ˲ţЩһȻҪǽţôõ(qng)
ˣŷҲһСľͱϵĵʦĶϵˡ
Ͼ츳ԼӰ죬ҪתϵҲûǿӲ¡
ӡǺ˺ܶ࣬ĺѵûתϵϾԺĺϵǵ׵Ĵڡ
ǹһǵչˣƷĺܺã
ϵ룬ѧԹ
ҽ˵ѧԺÿϵĵʦҪתϵûдӦҺο
˵˵뷨𣿡κɫʡ
ڲ¸ѧʲôľˣԻҪȷ¡
Ц˵Ҿúϵ(ͦͦ)õģԲתϵηһҵġ
ϵЦͺã˲ϵҲǷǳҪġ
ôתϵ˾츳ܺ(i)⣬Ӧ֪ԭɣ
ͷܲ³غѧԺĿйء
ǴڶѧԺںϵʵͻԼãϾһϵ̫ƬˣϵλñȽȫ棬ֻҪóĶܷӡȷʵôΪġ
ʱ򿼺ˣѧԺѧᱻţϵѧսҩѧƵȣͺ̶ܴȵĻԼ
ɺϵȴͬΪϵģڸ֮䣬һֳµá
Ҳתϵһԭ򣬵ȻĻǲת(ͦͦ)ϲϵ͵ʦġ
ڵһѧԺߵѧԺ츳ͨ˶󣬿϶⵽ӴѹܻᱻȰˡ
ɵڶѧԺͺϵĸ߲㵼ʦȴû˺ܺõӡҲѧԺһֹС
()

759.759 ôô

759 ôô
⻰úϵһ㶣漴Ҳ˼
Цٴ󣬡㿼ǵĺܵȽóѧƵѧʺϱһϵķơ
ͬѧǶܸߣҲı֡
ȻҲ̫ѹ̬ȥμӿ˾УΣֻҪ˾ͺãЦŰο
Ƕȷʵ˺ܴȴҲûΪεڶѧԺõһϣʵһ˵̫СˣǸѧ
ֻҪڿбֵĺͻҲΪǵڶѧԺͺϵ⡣
ĳ뷨ҲȽϲϵԭ֮һʦǲôҰĺͼ
ãһŬΪѧԺϵġ
ͬѧͣǻǿĺܣθŵ
ãллκ͸λʦֵ֧֣ıȽǫѷ
˼䣬βЦǺǵȥϢ
ϣڶѧԺϵʦתϵ(qng)Ҳ˳ȥֳܿ(r)Ż⡣
[ѧԺʷϣǵһôϵʦתϵѧˣѧѧ񰡣]
[˼ִ˼¼ôô]
[䣡û]
[һѧţ]
ͷķ˿һˣޱȽתͿޡ
һѧԺ͵ѧԺ˿Ȼ⡣
[˵ǵڶѧԺģΪ]
[ţܸıڶѧԺ͵һѧԺ֮]
[ûôͣҪ˼°]
[ҾѧϰǺǿѧҲʵУĿ˿ҰΪģвУȥ˲֪ء]
[ԣЩ˻˵ɣԺҪ˷ӲãҲ]
[ѧϰҰ⿼ȫ£εʱΪҲȽϳǵ£ӴѧԺҲôҲ̫ˣ]
[ͬѧϰǿ϶Ұ⿼˵Ͳһˡ]
[εĿ˻ӺܶԪؽȥǰĿѧϰҲûãǶ()ɣ]
еĲ߲ãΪѧϰòҰӦͺãǷ׷ȥۡ
ˮֳˣˢһ󲨡
ͷķ˿׷׳ȥ
[һɫֵģһˣڴЩף]
[ԣ𣬴žžž]
()

760.760 Ļ

760 Ļ
ߺܿ˺ϵ˷˿ŵųǲȥЩ˺
˵ĽΣʱ֪ˣ
Խ˺ԽĳЩ˵Ը
ͷķ˿Ƚǣİ治ȥӦˣЩ˳˼죬⻰Ҳ
֮ǰͺϵ̵εĻҲԷѧԺĸ߲㡣
ԭҪ˵תϵЪ˼ѡòȷʵǱȽȷġ
֮ǰţǼ⣬ôˣܱ侲ͷԺ£ʾ˼͡
ǸӣѵõǵڶѧԺһҪˡ
СȻҲ˵Щһֱڹע֪ѡѾѧԺʦǶͺͿãҲԽϲλֶϱ
ؼҳԷʱ¸үӵˣ÷ҵһ˶ý
Ǽ۹⣬ҵϱҳڶ
ܿӭϵԺרҵˡ
źϵʦǵϣɫķӣÿŹֵĳɼõ˺ϵĵһ
ֺ͵һѾľˣȴɺܸˡ
ѧԺܳɼҪҰ⿼˽֮ܳڶѧԺĵʦѧǶܿ
ѧԺĿȫϣҲѧǷٵ̬ͺúϢȻμԺ֮Ŀˡ
ͷصũҲû
ƽһũ()()лүӵһȣ(r)ӹñȽɣ̬ȻҲıȽϺá
˻صѧԺУͼ߲Ĵ£һǰУ˼ϵĴ͡
εĿ˽ֱ֯ʽŵϣôҹۿලһаҲУ֣ҲԵñȽϹƽ
ڶѧԺĴֱӿȥǼʺչ˾ǽרŸ𿼺˹ٵָʾ
Ǽʺչ˾³רŵ˴ѧȥϣУУ͸߲򵥶һط
ǲøȥ˵صģй̶ϢҿԹۿֱͿ˽չ(qng)
ҲУĸ߲һཻ
һ˹ٽ˴һտĳء
ȻһѧԺ͵ڶѧԺѧǻϣȻǷֱһǼʷɴǰεĿ˵ء
ҶεĿ˵ضźܴĺ棬Ҫ֪һ㶼ڵ۶Ǹѡһĵطѧ͹ȥ
û뵽ξȻҪǼʷɴ϶벻ҪԶ۶ǡ
̲סʣ˹٣鷳£Ҫȥʲôطпˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~Ӧ9~~
()

761.761 ʲôݣ

761 ʲô()ݣ
ѡĿ˹ٶߣȼ߼()ϴһơ
רŸڶѧԺһӡ
ſʵ˻صûʻʱҪڣǹأ
´˺ҿʻǸ˺͵ڶѧԺᱻ۷֣һǾѡ
Ҫȥĵطܿ˹ٸ֪ǣھĵĵȴɡȽࡣ
֮ǰʻû뵽õĴ𸴣Щȴʡ
ҪǺõڶѧԺ۷֣ɹ
ԭҲȥ̵ᵽεУ˺ѧԺ֯Ŀ˲ͬ
ѹ֮ǰѧѧǣһǿǧҪκγ(qng)رǵſ˹ٲҪ໰Ҫϸؼɣ˭ҪǲȥͿѧ֡
ѧԺÿһ궼ҪΪսźҪ˲ţܶ෽Ҳþ»ԷؼǱġ
һգҲĿתӵ档
ܿ죬һѧԺ͵ѧԺѧǣԸĿ˹ٴ˹
֮ǰֵĳվ룬һѧԺ͵ѧԺû˵⣬õȻ֮ǰѾк;ˡ
ѧԺѧվ֮һսװӣһ
òϻ()Цݡ
ܾЦ£һа֮УԲô򵥺޺
ߵѧԺѧǵǰºЦݿڵҽ£Ǹο˵ܿ˹ٱڿʼǾͶҹˣ
Ҷû뵽λȥĿˣȻ̹ܽ١
Ů۾Ҳ¶Цݡ
()̹ܽ٣ſɱȴǵĿ˽̹ٸоദˡ
Ҳŷ()ϾɢŰ˼ߵϢﲻɵþȲѡ
˵ܾȻôߣ֮ǰȴû˵ͼʲô()?
ҲΪˣҶҶӣȴӦúദĵһӡ
״΢΢ﴽǣεĿ˹Ȼ򵥣Ȼ˰˼ܿ˹١
ܿ˹ǿȥô޺Ƕء
۲ڳУѧǣǶܿ˹ٺãɵ΢΢ҡҡͷ
ȴ΢΢üűż־ȡ
״³Ӧúλ̹ܽʶҲǵ֪Է(qng)
⣬Ҳ¶˷Ȼλ̹ٿ϶
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~Ӧھźţ
()

762.762 淨

762 淨
ڴҹ۲챡ͬʱҲڹ۲Уѧ¶ɫԴжǵ뷨
Ŀû¶ɫѧ()ϣͣһ롣
ĿⲻԣɻǱ˲׽ˣ϶Ĳ²⡣
Цſڵ˵һ˵ο˵ݣϸˣ
εĿ˵أѡһſһҵİǣһȽϴĲǣܱ߷ɢģõСǡ
ÿѧԺһǼʷɴִǿŰǣԷֵһСǣȻͿʼεĿˡ
洳زͬǲЩ淨
ҪǵŶӺЭԼչʾʱҲʷģΪ£
⻰ڳѧһ¶˾ȵ
ѹǷѧԺĩԱǰһңΪǲѧУҪһµļ٣ԭΪУ̵档
ʲôĿ˾ȻҪΪ£ôҷǳĺ͸Ȥ
رƽֵǺܸߵѧǣĪһ
ȴҿѯʣ±۷֡
û˷ʣЦøºͣǴ̤ǿŰǿʼͻר˺Ǽ豸٣ȫλֱǧҪɻ߳󡣡
µĹеľٶΪ˹ǹעǳɼһ֡
Ҳǽлƶȣÿ˶ʮֵĻ֣Υˣǽ̹ǰ(qng)۷֣ͻмӷ֡
󿼺꣬ʮϵǼ񡣡
Խ߳ɼȻҲԽãÿ컹гְǰʮˣ˽ǰʮᰴθĽ
⻰ѧԺҸоȽϺãɼȽ۾ˣںð
󿼺ܹǰʮˣ߲ܵڵĹעһǳҫ(qng)һ̲סˡ
ѧϰͨ˾Щֱ࣬ȥҪܶҲúúñֲа
رǵѧԺЩӵܣһϵЦݶȽϽӲôŪ
Ҫ̫ˣȥԻᱻͷӴȵ˰֮һҪҸĴȱס
в˽Ѿϵˣ̲סЩź˵һѧУŶЭǻôѹѧԺѧ
϶пģ
()

763.763 Ȼô

763 Ȼô
ѧԺѧǸ˼ȫ˱
ֿϣֲֻи˵аʱ£ѧԺаÿܸһΡ
Ҳǿ꣬ÿѧԺܳɼ˶ҹһܻ֡
ܳɼĹòѧüͷ
˵У֮ĿˣصǿҰ趨һյ㣬Ȼ˭ȴﵽǰʮˣĸѧԺѧ󣬾ǵһԴơ
ҲͱȽѧԺ֮ĵַʽ
ˣǰĿ˶ǿɼʵȽǿǲ˱ݣɼ˼ôѧԺɼĺȡ
ȻҲͳһȺִ˳򣬶һʱߣûдﵽĶĸѧԺ࣬Щ˻ȥ֮ٶᱻѵ⡣
˭û뵽ξȻô棬Ҫ˵ĳɼӣϺȵ˾鷳ˡ
Ϊ֮ǰ̹ٵľ滹£ȴң֮ǰ±۷֣ھ͸ˣһۿɺѧԺܳɼҹġ
뷢ֲұܣҲûиǷʵĻᣬҪľǾԵķӣҲǱţ
˵˵˵֮ǰǣִ֮ǽѧԺΪһŶӷֵһСǣǵĿݾǷչСǡ
Ƕ֪䵽Ǿס˶ȽƶסСǾ(qng)ҲȽεĿ˾Ҫȥı־
µʱȥ跢չ͸ı䣬˵ʱһǽοСǾõȡСǵĽı̶ȵȣǵĻֺΡ
ıѧԺѧҲȽ϶ֻ࣬߱Ƚͻ˵ĻȻͻάıȽ϶࣬ܳɼҲʡ
ȫֱҲΪ˷ֹ׵(qng)ǻԹƽķʽǽпˡ
漴һתȻҪʵܲһѧԺһжҲԵСŶӣʵܲ˺ͱ˴ģҪһҲС
ǿֻǻǽһѧԺΪŶӽУο˵صŶЭ
ȻҪСǵĽɹܻ֣Լվͺá
ΪʲôεĿ˻ķʽУǶ֪ҵ֮һ˻սţһֻҪŻ˽˹˾ǿɲǽǵǶ෽ۺ
ھοΪԣǶ飬()ۺҲΪǺã
()

764.764 ĺ

764 ĺ
ʵĽڿУԼҵ𰸡
ǴʺãôǾҪǣˣ
һ˼ֻ÷ӾУʲôģǲǽԼȥҴ𰸰ɡ
һ˳˳ǣǾεĿĺ⣬Ҳȷʵǳر
ԼȽŵ˶⣬Ҫϴչȭţ
µĿ˵꣬Ҳن¡
вپݣҾͲ˵ˣʡǼǲס˰ǵСǳغרŸǵĿ˹ٻ֪
ˣΪ˱֤ο˵Ĺƽ()ϵն˺ЯƷҪȫʱûգҩסȶ(yn)Яǻͳһ䷢
˶˵ӵпռܵѧǿԲռĶԲóʹãһְ״εĿ˳ɼΪ֡
Ҫò˶˿Ҳ֧㡣
ЩԶŵѧ䱸Ļסȿ϶ǳãʲôȥȣ
סдŵĶȫӪʳˮ(yn)Яһ˭˽أͬ״ɼΪ֡
ƣˣҪ˵Ķ˵ˣǽ󶼿ʼϷɴɡ
ֿ̧˿ʱ䣬ֻʮӣ˿Ҫ۷ֵġ
ǰǼ
漴˻˻֣ȻʧǰȻɴǰǡ
ڲ˷ʱȷӦȽϿľͣ()еĶ˳ȥ
ռĶȻóΪ˱֤ƽԼڿڼҲ͵ö
ûħٺͿռ䣬ԼҲںüСؾ˶Ʋ(yn)ʹħ٣á
ȶ궫ȻӶԷרż⻹û˽ضڰһŹȥžͿϷɴ
ҲӦ˹׷׽ȡϿϷɴ
ÿѧԺμӿ˵˶٣һĽ˼⣬ʮӵʱ
ŷӦٶȱ˰ĵˣȫʱ䣬ͳͳһ֡
Щ˶ˣû뵽ûϷɴͱ۷ˣűԺ֮ǰϷɴû۷ֵѧʱͶ𱸵Ǹܵ
ֻϣʱ䲻Ҫٱ۷ˡ
ڶѧԺͳһһҷɴ֮ʼǿſ˵İǷȥ
()

765.765 춼

765 춼
εķɴֻй̶λûеϢңϷɴֱλá
Ƭ̺˽
Ƚ£רŸǵڶѧԺĿ˹ϻڿʼ˽ڣҽһȹ
()λǿ˹ƽ(qng)ǻңǵҪְҪǼලǣҸƽıֽмӼ֡
ϻȻ壬ûҪѧ뷨
˵̹ܽѾˣⲻҪǣο˵Ҫǲش𡣡
һٲŶսӦףֻعУʣµľɷȥ˰ɡ
ֿ̧˿ʱ䣬ǾǿŰǴԼСʱϢɣ·ɴ
˵ת()ֱ뿪˷ʵȵĻᡣ
һǵһĿˣһ
ѧ㿴Ҫô죿ĳǰθڶѧԺӣҵ￴ȥ
ε˵εĿ˺ȫǲͬģҲǺ˽⣬ҽȲż
һѧԺ͵ѧԺҲһտ˹˵Բ
۷֣ǧΥ˹˵Ĺ򣬷Ǻصġٴǿһ㣬ǰǿûⷽԿͷ
ֱӲڶѧԺĿȥֻӺ͸ͻ¼
ĻѧһЩʧǽĻȥˡ
˷ɴ󣬻Сһ𣬴һһֻмȺǵ
λһӶλãͱռˡ
Ϊɴϻδʼֱϯ²۵εĿ˻鷳֪ǲأ˹Ҳ࣬Ųദ
һۣ˱Ҫãֲģǲǣѭˡ
ҿܿ˹ƢȽϺãȥǸһҪǾͺˡϯҲ˵˵֪˵öԣת˻⡣
ЦһҪǻǣ춼ޡ
㲻ϲӵëʲôʱܸĸģ˵
ϯһҭΪʲôޣҿ˵ʲô(ͦͦ)º͵İǸǵĿ˹٣һֱһͲദ
()

766.766 

766 ()
֪ϯ˼Ƚϼ򵥡
Ĳһģ˵Ƿġ
漴ŷʣղſӣ֪ܿ˹ٵģ
˲û˵(yn)ۿ˹٣⼸ʵԱ()Ҳܺ棬׷׿塣
ԼϱʣȻ()ݱȽ⣬֧սӵͷ츳ʵǳǿ
ô˲֪()ݣҲΪ֮ǰĶӳ()Ҫܡ
ڼȻܿ˹٣˵߰ߵǰ̨()ݺܿ콫أⲻй¶
ϯɴ۾ʲôȻ֧ͷŲ񰡣
Ӧÿߴɷ
ûĿŲͶˣԽŴԽ򵥰
ϯֻǲ(i)˼()ҲһҲͷӦˣԭˣһǿˣ
ֻ㿴ˣܶ˶ˣƱϵ۾˵
жѧñףԺƾжޡ
˶Ƚͬ(qng)
һСʱϯ弸סȥɴģϷ棬ͷȴԭλ
ӿһ۾;˿϶򵥣֮ǰż˲ʣñ̹ܽ٣˵ּˣǲǺйϵ
ص跢չĲݣλÿ˺ܶ࣬ܶ嶼Ҫϣһλǣ
εĿݾǷչ裬Ҳ²ӦþҪλõˡ
Сصۺ()˲ţܹͳ֧صսӣҪѵ֪ʶͼܣҪһ貿ѡ
εĿݿʮ**һŪġ
ԵĶӣǵһսŵļ̳ˣԺܶණкֱжϡ
ͷô˵ҲŪġ
Ҫ˳սȥ貿϶Ҫѡΰ
ѧԺṩ˲ŵĵطҲ²ÿѡ˲ţȻʼţҵֱӾˡ
Ҳһ뷨֮ǰʶ𣿻˵й𣿡
ЦйһΣǸʱսţȻϹǣҲ˲֪()ݡ
ǵ()ʮأ˶ǴרŵߣǴȴ¶ҿҵʱ֣(qng)ҪΪ̵ءжԱǺ͵ġ
()

767.767 ̫ˣ

767 ̫ˣ
ܹͳ꣬ڵ츳սûʸģлᣬһҪȥ˵ǳĴ̼ա
εĿ˽˼Ҿǵ֮Ӧڲ϶Ū(qng)ġ
ȻҪѡΰ׾Ӣǿ˵ѶȾԲͣʼѡȶǡ
Ц϶ģһһ޺ģʵɺء
Сʱһζɴο˵İϡ
ϻٴγ֣һ˷ɴ
ҷɴ½ִѧҲȫ
ٴγ˵ߣǸ()ģ
ǰǵĲǣҲǽסĵطϢһһǵĿ˹٣ǴԿ˵ĳǳء
Ϊ˹ƽǳҲзˣǳǩɣһΪţ
óС򣬡ѧԺӳԼѡһ
ǣԾһս񣬷׷ǰ
һţԾսС򿪱
򿪿֣΢΢üţ
ѧԺóЦЦţ
ͷУסǿ˵ĳǳغţҲĵط
һ߻ṩڰϿ˵Ķÿ˶һκ⡣
ЦĿ˳ɼǿһСǽ跢չãõ죬˲ǺѧԺѧ
ȻǿˣȻɱ϶漰ìܣ(yn)֮ԷԲ(yn)˷ϵ˭
𣿡Ŀɨɨˣȥû˿֮УȴĪ˾ñһ
ҲҪѧڰ˼
ˣԺѧش
ܶΪ䲹ĻǼ͸ˣο˻˽ºġ
Ҫѹ͵ڶѧԺļƻܶӰ죬ܷŵ̨ϣ̫ˣ
ˣڿʼ䷢װ֮ĿУҿܻʱ֣ҪСŶЦ˵꣬()ӻζ˼£ʧǰ
Ҷѣλܿ˹ٿֻһ˼ߣǸռϵİ
ܽռõֵزţ棡
ʲôطǿԶ𾴺׷ģѧеӡָһ¥
ʧĵطʶԭز׽£ȴû׷ٵʧ켣˵Էǿ
ʵֻȡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

768.768 ̫

768 ̫
ܿ죬ѧԺĿ˹վС
εĿˣÿ˿Էֵװȫ˸Եı֮ԷµĿڼ佫κβ
ҪʲôԼȥңԼȥܴﵽ˵Ŀġ
ڿʼַõ˼һն˵ǷãļʱֻҪһʼǣٷǻģǽ
ǣĻûôϡ
ηַƷûй涨ʱ䡣
ǸһһĿʼַõж¶˲š
õҲһ顣
Ķ٣һֻڰͨѶʹǱҵļնˣһ״װãƿ߼ӪƿɾˮһֹѪҩۣһƷʻԵĳ(to)ϴսװ
սװÿѧԺĶͬһѧԺɫڶѧԺǺɫѧԺɫ֮ڰǾܺ׷ֳ
ȻûȻˣôණô˲Żòš
濼˹٣䷢װһѧԺһ̲סʡ
Ҳ̫ª˰ɣѧԺʱ俼˵ģҪٺܶࡣ
ǸԴһЩҩӪҲûƣƿӪˮʲô˼
ֻһķǿҪµġ
һѧԺ˹٣˿ڵѧ֮ǰѾ˵ûⲻ(yn)ֱӿʣԼһѧԺһ֡
һ䣬Աߵ˵ѧѧּ
ʵһ±죬ȫġ
Ūô򵥵Ķʶʣ̫ˣ
˺͵һѧԺ۷֣ԭҲ뿪ʵ̲סңԼһ
̹ٽЩ˵ɫޱ(qng)ĵ㱾Ҫǵġ
ӿ˿ʼֻṩһʳʣµʱ֮ȥ취ӣҪ͵ˣҲǲܵġ
ֻһ룬һͿȥˣΪ跢չǳǼɵ(qng)
ÿ()϶ûǱңԵСǺ󣬳סȫԼͳͳ˭ҪǸֱ֣ȡεĿʸ񣬳ɼΪ֡
ⶼܿ˹´ûκΥʸ񣡡
Ѿͳľкǲǵģ쿪ʼҪѧ򽫱̭
һ䣬εĿ˶˵ҪǹϵǱҵ֮ģΪ֮ɣ
()

769.769 Ȼһ

769 Ȼһ
ڳѧһٴĿɿڴ䷢װȻộֱ̫û()ˣ
ղǼȻܿ˹ٺţȫǸĸεİ
ķǺ⣬Ȼ涨ȽϿϸ񣬲ұȽϺڣȷʵ̶ȵ
ֻǺܶ˶⣬ԭźܴļ(qng)ˣһȴɥһ()ġ
()ûӪɾˮǱңС֮Ҫô죿ܶã
ǰŵСؾҲҪʳģ˲⣬ս˼
սʱҲȫùҪʳ(qng)ҲǺ⡣
ǰսѧȥȽ侲۵׻¶⣬ãͻǵĸ
ܶΪʲôҪô죿
ѧԺĿ˹ٹ۲һȦЩѧȻ̫ˣ̫ȱúúõʰ²УĴսǾ·һ
뵽ĸشŹҲϺȵĴڣǲ(yn)ġ
ɨɨֺܶ˶ڷûϸ鱳װ
ͷһۣһó飬ܾڿӣܴһ̾Ϳʼˡ
Լնźе⣬巢ĳƷʲء
Ȼһӣ
ĿʵϵΪﶼͬһ뷨ǿ˷Ϊ׼װ֮ǰ϶Ǽģ̫ܳ⡣
ҪĲϸҪü飬ŽǱߵĿʼ
ݸһҪ
һȦֵڶѧԺѧҲûġ
ԷͷһѰɣ
һŶӣȻĿô˱ӡ
Ҳ˵ͷʾͬ
վ()ϻ̹Ҽϣն⣬뻻һµġ
Ҳվ()ҵĳҲ⣬뻻µġ
ôһѣã;װĺܶˣ׷׸Ͽ
ܿ죬˶Լװһ⣬̲ס˹һ飬Щһ̫ˣȻôǡ
Ǽˣ׷ҲſҪ
ѧԺôˣȻֻͷϸ鷢⣬ȴѡԭ׼һᵥߵȥҽ̹ٻġ
˭뵽ȴͷɵӴ˼ƻ
()

770.770 ̫

770 ̫
ôģȻ˹ҪЩĵˣǺαҪأ
ѣȥǸռƣҲͻǵĸ
˵ֱ·ɴʼͱ򿪣㲥ڣ˵ۿ˷ǳࡣ
(qng)ĻǰҲˡ
˵ͷȽϺҪ˲ѣ֪ж˻ᱻӣرն˺ͻˣʱԱߡ
Ҳи˵̫ɵˣȻô˱ӾǱӺˣʱ͵͵ȥҲռܴȻ
ϴҲܶԱȳƷͷӡá
ЩԼӾȻ豸ļҳȫ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣҲ˺øС
ڳѧȫϣ˵װ⣬СӪڣն˺ͻ׳⣬һ˺
Ȼ֪ǿ˹ٸµĿӣȴҲʲôֻܷ׷׸
ÿ˵(qng)Ϊ¸˳豸
ȫϣһҷɴﴫ˳
͸ǵĵһӷϧȴûмܰգ
塭ʮ˵֣⼸˵һʱϸԼı⣬Լһ֡
漴һתͷ壬ڷ֮ʱ˳ʹǵŶӣΪװǻҪ鷳ŶʶܺãԼһ֣
ûϸ߱ŽˣҲͲǵķˣ²Ϊ
Ļºڳ
֮ǰͷɵӵˣҪ¶εɫҪܿ˹ټ䡣
(qng)أ̫ˣ
˿ͷ¶Ľر֮ǰ۷ֵġ
⻹ûأ˼˾͸Ա֣Ҳ֪ղŵ⻹ġ
ȻҲһ˼ʺ;ѾΪ˼ӷ֣˻Ǹлѵġ
ʵӷͷ嶼ûԤϵǻΪŶ룬ڸӵĿ϶εĿǱǿŶΪǿԴⷽ֡
ֺ󣬸ԺĿ˹ٽ˴Žǡ
վǰͷٵĳУ˲٣ɿŴӶ˻ƽ
֮ǰѾ֪ѧԺѧ￼ˣɿôĴſڽǲɵΧڲԶĴ
в¶˾⣡
()

771.771 һѵҪ

771 һѵҪ()
ľƵ겢Ǻܶ࣬ͰŲôס
˷Ҳû׼ѧܣڳ˼ƬܴĿյأȫסһ
ͷкһλѽǷֵ
żªֻ˯ʲôûУˮһ޿˿
סǲô߹ȥѹѹ˯ӺӲ
СףϸǴίԼϴѧԺĵԼ׼һʵѹ˯ȥãɱúܶ౶
ڻսʿͥⷽҪ󲢲ߣҲðɣ̫ˣܰסƵ꣬һϾ͹ȥˡ
ߵԼ˯ǰ£ֵȷʵȽӲҲùֱ˯ذ塣
Ǻõˣ˯ûеġ
ˮһǷװȷʵû˯ɻʣ˼ǣ쵽ѧԺ䵽СǺǲǰסĵط
ͷ(qng)ʮ**̹һֱǿС֮Ҫˣ׼ɡ
ְǱͲãɢСǿ϶ƾɣжľƵСôס
ÿ˵նǱң޷ϵ˸ǱҹҲ;ȥƵԼסĿܡ
ˮһϵĿɫҿԭиӵĵأ
ģǳģĿ϶٣Ƚ̬°ɡ
ѧԺкܶͥ׵ѧˮһ׷ܵľԲʼһǻҪ̬ȱӦĿ϶Ҫ٣Ҳ롣
ˮһޱǿʵ()ӣȻýҪ((Ʊ))ˣҲܽܣϾҲһ
ļϣǣҷǵÿɡ
Цʱ֮תãûȥˣܹ˼
ˮһ޺Ҳ˻()˵ĶԣԼַʳӦú˼
ûоģϾǰʱӪǿģ
һõѺҪǰָơ
ⲻ(qng)ȫ෴˶ɥԹ˯Ӳ̫ˣ²ۿ˷̫ŵȵȣкܶ˻ţǲסһȵȡ
()

772.772 ҪҪôţ

772 ҪҪôţ
ס⣬ϴҲ൱Ĳ
˰˺ܶˮͰܣҪϴԼȥˮԱߵĿյؽ
Ҫϴ裬ǿɲǵ£б¾Լȥϴúܶÿ춼ϴץ
ֻܴȥˮȻܵյһ()ϣҲԭҪȥϴŮκֹЩ̫ˣҲϡ
ǻôϴ
ųϴͱԾˣ
·յسϴŮô죿ǳ𣿡
ҿ˭ҵ·ϴһøݣ
궪仰ˡ
ŮǶԵԾۣһѹǵһѧԺĸϻô׺
ԭҪϴҲǲҲֻűˣϴ¾ͻ
ϴת˼죬תΪСʱ˯һҹߡ
ڶոһϵ۾ˮһ˽ѣѸٴ·˳ȥ
½ܹϣ˹ٲϵĿʱ䡣
ٹӣ޷ϵˣͳͳһ֣ſڡ
⻰īˣҲæϴæܳϡ
󿰿뼯ϣû˿۷֣ܶ˿ȥͷģҲ롣
˹ɨɨһۣٶȣȥսźܿͻᱻ̭ġ
ܹϣǰʮ˼ÿ˼һ֣()ԵԸ
ͷѾˣ
⻰ī˵ɴ۾ȻɼӷˣҪҪôţ
ǿ˹ٵľǲҲֻš
˺˶ǰʮϣÿ˼һ֡
ֿ̧̹˿ڸʮӵʱȥʰȻϣ
ǣһ˺ܿɢȥ
ڴҲ֪ˣ˲ֻʲô跢չҪԺܶӼֵĿ
ѹʮֲż񣬿Ӹ׼ӷְ
εûٸīҲٶȵִＯϵ㣬ʱȥ
֮ϻɨɨǡ
ϣڵڶѧԺѧߣ
ǣ
ԭȵִＯϵһͷߣΪﲻӷˣ˷ǵľʱ䰡
ѧԺĿ˹Ҳ뿪ߵǵſڣͣżʮսÿѧǷ׷ױȥ
()

773.773 ôô

773 ôô
ûλãֻһЩˣץҡҡλεģСʱҵıڵִСǡ
ӳ£ҷ׷׳Сǿȥ
ֻŲʣһưܸС
Сǵ˲ܶ࣬ǶͶ˺Ŀ⡣
ϻߵǰС֮󣬲(yn)ȥŻ۸еľ񣡡
ȻҪǶԷȳֵģǿԻǾԲ(yn)
⻰ܶ˶ֻҪ׼ͺá
ǺɿһŶӿʼҲԷֳС߸ˣһ̿ʼǵĳԴסУȫҪԼ
Һն˺ţѾǣмǡڿ˺淽һ⣬ǲشͰæģҪǸҷϢ˹ʣֱӿ֣
ˣʱǵˣǻʱڳлҰۿǵı֣ԴжǵĻּӼ
ϻ˵֮󣬴Ƚ˳ǡ
ڳѧǶˣ˹ǶǲˣʲôָʾôŪ
ҲǵһξĿˣ()Ϊӣָʾ
Ƚǿ˵ɡ
ã
һ˿첽ĽǣȻͼ˹ٺ߽СõһҾƵꡣ
ǲҲסƵꣿ̲סʡ
˰һۣˣûǱ˼һס
ҿǵǻܣզ죿
֪ǿǾԲˣ
ǲȷֶӣȻپô죿
εĿôôӣȫǲͣǰ
￴źܶ˶()Ҫӻ߸жϾͻΪһɢɳ
üͷڵΪӦѡһܶӳȻǶС跢չ̫ˡ
ֻһЩ򵥵ֱӲ뵽ȥӦȰѵڶѧԺѧ
⻰úܶԭҪжѧͣסŲ˴Ȼʡ¶ˡ
˭ǵܶӳأһ䡣
ڳ֮ϵ˲Լͬسŷ忴ȥ
ѧԺҪ˵ܽ˶ˣԷǷĪ
Ҳһ˳ȥѧ֪ҰΣ
忴һԼ΢΢ף˹վ˳ȥ
Ͼܶӳɡ
Ҫ˿վǱһȣɴѡɨһȦ˲䡣
ϣڿУõڶѧԺһһģԿɲѧһɢɳԼ棬֯мɷܾʹһվëԼˡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

774.774 

774 
ڷУԺ˵ս񣬺ܶ˶ηݵģľ޷ʹá
ǶΪҪѡһܶӳȷʵʵġ
Ҳмٲ˲ȴûվȥУһԲϾϾûоҲսڲܵģ
ļҲѧǿģǲ
ѡҲǷ壬û˷Ժվŵüͷɿ
Ǳ()ʵǾ飬ʺܶӳģȻû˷ԣǴڿʼ˽ǵܶӳǺúİţڵ
ǣ
֪Ŵ˵ҼȻѡΪܶӳԺҪҵģҪдֱӿǵŶӡ
ڵҲˣǼʲôûУ跢չǳҪ۵УŽǱġ
ҿ⣬ڿҸʮӵʱ䣡˿
ʣӳǽô죿ӪˮֻãҪʲô
üϻһûпֲҰޣѵܶǲɣȻǰ֯ȥҳԵĺͲˡ
ӳô٣ûǱңǸ޷סƵ갡СûǮ⣬˹Ҳû˯Ǻܶã֪Ҫôһ㡣
Ҫǻɷ壬Ұ(qng)ҿȥèһҹͺˣôȻвͨ
Ҹյϯض˯ʵ
˿ԼˣӦܽ취
뿪ڵ취Խס⣬һǷֿԼȥСסȥȥСǵľ񽻻ס⣬ȥгۻȡǱңС߾Ƶס
ֻĻÿʱܾҪ˷ѲڲԻȡסϡ
ͷʣǵڶ취أ
СɭֲԶѡһƬȽϴĿյأȻȥľԼľݾסҲǰ漸˷ʱ㣬ʣµʱ䶼ԽԼ
Ҫǣ칤ϵѧǶԷãѧĶӦõʵС
Ļܹһ˷ֵһ䣬һԸԼϲò÷䡣ϾƵ꣬ס˶ˣСľסҲǹƲϰߡ
Ҫ˵Ļ()
ôһҲ
()

775.775 ô죿

775 ô죿
üЦһҲ뵽ˣ˷ʱûᣬڶȷʵãĹȻ
ûѯʴѡֱ֣˾
Ǿʹõڶһٶˣһᰴղͬϵ飬ÿԺһЭɻ˭Ҫ͵˿Խңֱߣ
ڷǿưԵҲûоߣӦ
ҪǺͺʲôѯǵǿɾͲУˣ
ĻҲȽͬڶַ
Ҳоûǵһַõˣﲻѡ񣬿ȴֻܱš
岻ѯǵƿ()̫ǿ߲ʵ˶뷨࣬ڿѵ϶з磬ֺα˷ʱ䡣
ӱȽȥҲȽо飬֮ϴŮˡ
ЦΪӳǻҪһרŸЭˣҽӳ
һͬҲôģ
ϯˮһ޼վͣźϵѧҲ׷ͬ
ҪǻǷŮѣڳ˿϶߷ԡ
ǺˣǵڶѧԺѧ񣬷Ե˾ͺˡ
֮ղŷ㵽ϿԶ׷ͬ
þֱԶƱƣ˸ӳרŸЭͰš
ģŰɣԺ㲻ֻǵĸӳǵľʦָӣԺҪ⡣һ㶼ܻ䣬ⷽıó
ָϵѧƲѣʦָӲӦôָϵѡôֵϵˣ
ֻϵһԣģô죿
ֻϣֻڱѧ淢չҲжһ档
ô˴һ𣬵Ȼ˲϶УӶҲֻˡ
һıֲãǾˣܴһơ
۲һȦ֪Щ˵̬ȡ
Ц˵ðȻôңҾͲˣ
ҵľͷľԼѰʳˮ
ǻὫǷֳһȥľһȥѰʳ
ӵܵǼһߺţ
εĿصǷչ裬ҲȽŶӷЭҪ˼õһóɼΪǵڶѧԺܻשߣǾͻǡ
()

776.776 Ƿ޵

776 Ƿ޵
漴()弶ܵϢɢ
и߹ƻ(qng)֣ǾͱǲŶӣʣµʱȥɡ
ҪˣѧĳƺſɲʵҪģҲϢɢ
()ָ֮󣬾˲٣лļӳ֣ȱҩĺԴʯ̣ѾΪ
֮ǰһֱûǿܣʼ˲½תԱֳ弶۷ߵơ
ٸʱ䣬˳תΪߡ
ɹ弶ϢɢҲһĿɿڴȫһɫ
ʲô弶ߣ˾
ôܣ
ȻѾ弶ˣٶҲ̫þ˰ɣ
ָ()ʿʼòҲûȥð
ٶȺ츳̫ˣһʣôôģ
ԭвٲˣȻסˡ
Ƕˣ֪ɲǱôº޺弶Щһ꼶УԿ԰Ⱥˣ
Ҳֻз֮⣬Ƕġ
弸ƴӣ޵һ˭棿
ȻҲֻϢˣ()սﲻ弶ˣҲѽʵ
رսϵͻϵѧѾ޷Լ(qng)ˡ
˼һϵķϲģһ±ǸûжԱȾû˺Ȼ˺Ĳᣡ
ЧﴽʣзԵ𣿡
ûվԣָָϯ塢ˮһ޺ͳƣȻҺͶӳǷ鹤
һͳƣʱ䡣
ǣ
Ļǰۿֱ˸оɢϢȴѧľһҲš
ȻѾ弶ˣٶôô죿
ʵǰɲòš
ͷķ˿Ƕ
[̫ţˣ]
[̫ţˣô̵ʱʹﵽ弶ߣֻѧϰѧܷҲ׵ѧ񣬲ܷ]
[ѧԺ꼶ѧҲ߰ɣ֮ٵģһ꼶ѧֻзﵽҲﵽˣǷ޵]
[ҵ֮ǰЩֻѧϰ޷ڿеҪˣ]
[ô죡]
ͷķ˿һǴ˼Ѫһļ˻֮ǰϴˣֻһ()ڡ
()

777.777 ô˳

777 ô˳
չ¶ʵڳѧǶʵʵȥ˵Ǽǡ
ͷһŸϵ顣
ͳϣ˶ķ޸һ¡
(qng)һ飬ǽһΪʮ飬ÿʮʮңӽ쿪ʼ˽(qng)Ƕһ顣
ϣǺúദ(yn)ֻʹӵ(qng)֣˭͵˹ƻŶӵ(qng)ӭԱٱ
ȻҲ(yn)˵Сìֵܾ(qng)(yn)ԩͬԱ˭ҪΥҪܳͷ
ǽķ飬ﻹɻķ飬ֵȫжȥɭ﷥ľס
ʣµӳȥѰʳˮ
𣿡չ
ˣҷ׷׵ͷ
ķʵЩʣ˵ǰսҰϿ϶о飬ֵҲܸߣôȥѰʳأ
ŴӲǸʺϵİ
ֻǾòҲʵǷУԵ̫ǿˣ
һ䣺һ̿ʼҪһҪϸ۲СľáȺ״ûʲôҪرֵùעĵط
ҲԺú˼£ӦôЩ棬ʵ(qng)ı䷢չÿÿС鶼һܽᣬȻһ¡
ЦŵֻΪȡӷ֣Բнһưܳһı䡣
һıãǵĹͣǷݲͬĳɾ͸Уһʧģ
Ȼһˡ
ڳѧ˶ûвһǵĽ跢չ黹úܶ˸еȤ
һ£ǳؽҪǱúܺãȴǲģǻǽ
Ǻܶ˵Ļ()
ʱ䣬ŵڶѧԺѧѡһƬĿյΪأԳųСǡ
ϿŵڶѧԺ֯мɵĿʼܶ˶ַ֯ĺǿô˳ˡ
ȻҲ˱ź͵ڶѧԺһһ뷨ελõߵˣǾͿô˲ѰҵʳˮԴ
ڶѧԺʼ(qng)˷׷׵㿪һѧԺ͵ѧԺ(qng)
Ȼȫҳһš
()

778.778 ˭˭

778 ˭˭
ԺֱתͷһƵϣǷֳƵֱֱܹȫȫ̡
һѧԺԾҲһĽ飬ôѡһܶӳȷʵһʼҪģȻҡ
ֻǵһѧԺúܶ࣬()ӵ츳ǿ˲٣ûһܹǷһͿסȫˡ
һѧԺɼȽͻֺܶѧǣһð˳ԼУҪܶӳ
ǰһ˼ѹЩˣȥԾֻܸǿλúܼң˭˭
Ծֻ飬ѧǷ飬óѡܶӳ˴죬ʱΪڣһΪҽס޺ʳ⣬һĶӳܶӳ
ľȽϹƽұʾ֧֡
Ȼֳ⣬һһ뽫ѧԺɼȽ죬ʵȽǿԼĶ飬ͷ˸¼
ԾÿϵѧӦУɸ˵ͱС￼˹ٵˡ
ֻӣȵΥ棬һͲУϾǲ뿼˵ġ
ǵԾվֻŭ䲻ģЩ˺Լ飬ɷ飬Ϊ
ȷֺ飬Щӳ˳ȥʳʱѾ˵ڶѧԺܾá
ѧԺ(qng)⣬ӵͬѡһܶӳ
ѧԺɼμˣѧԺӸø߸ƽѧϰǿе츳ܺҲȴѹƲסЩŹӡ
ŹӴ˶ȥѧԺ(r)ӵģﶮʲô漼ܣƽܹˣôֻһıԹ
ҲһЩҰĵˣҪȨֻҪѡɼμ()߰æˡ
ʱֻҪӵĺãָüͷ࿴
ɼμºŹǻŶӣŹֿɼμһˣͬ˭˭
ӵ£ǿ˷ڵһѧԺ·
Ϊ϶࣬Ҳͬ˹پһΡ
ķ󣬳ɼμѧԸЩŹӣҲҪͻɲǸЩǲ(ƨp)ɵģ˻˳ͻ󼸺()൱˷һ顣
ǳǵıȵһѧԺһСʱ߶ʼһ˷ľҲһɭֲԡ
()

779.779 Ȼûʧ

779 Ȼûʧ
ҪûжԱȣһѧԺ͵ѧԺìܻ
˵ڶѧԺԱȣǾԵñȽû֯ɣɢɳһ
У߲ڵϢңһѧԺ͵ѧԺУ͸߲ǣһɫ̫á
رǵһѧԺԺɫǺڵȻһͱڶѧԺȥˣֱ˶
ǼҲû취ֻܼȴ
ֻǿʼżѧԺѧۺõģһȵڶѧԺֺá
ڶѧԺУ͸߲ǣһ¶˸˺οЦݣȻûʧ
֮ǰõһѧԺҲЩֻͬһʼһѧԺһܺܿת
⸺רŹۿֱֵ˹٣Ҳ(qng)
ڶѧԺıֻȽͻûкҵĶŶӣǽ˳ݣѰҵʳˮ͸Ƿֱһ֡
ԸŶӱֵĲѧһ֣
䶼ǣ
˹Ҳ޳һѧԺ͵ѧԺеңֻܾܲˡ
ҲһҲû׷ȥĻᣬֻǻ᲻ˡ
Ͻа񹫲ÿ˿ҲܵһѧԺ͵ѧԺΣȸСϲ׷Ҹϵ(qng)
ǣͷ
ϵСǣҪΪ˷㿪ɭָɽľ벢ǺԶ
·ľ˽ɭ֡
Ķӣȥ𣿡̲סʡ
ֺöӳ󣬴ҾͿʼзӣĶӣȽϺóƺҲ⡣
صţȲ׽һЩҰޣ
ĶӣǳȥѰΧҰ޼ӶץˣֻֱܻޣǵĶﻹв˲ߡ˵ĵĵ
΢ЦΧѰңȴһӦٽ
ʶȫڳ˶оһɾΧҰٲûУö˷ͿѰҡ
һʶſ̽һϸĹ۲ܵĵԼϵ(qng)
ι۲һһ֪˸ˡ
ˣҵһЩҰҰáҰ
ЩѣܶӶ˶֪ӲҲӡ֤Ұ˭֮ǰЩ˵뷨Щƫġ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

780.780 ǻ̲İ

780 ǻ̲İ
֮⣬ֲﻹǳϤһֱռֲͼ˽ȫ겢
ÿһµֲֺܽ;˵
ܹʳõռжҲռȴǶռһ飬Ƿֿװ
һʼܶ˶Ϊ⣬ռԽԽľҲ뵽״̬Ȥ
һµĵط˵ָŸֲ￪ʼѯ
ȫֻܴˣЩֲҩЩʳãЩڹҵϵȣҲһһĸ֪˴ҡ
Щ֮ԼѧĳɹһݺˮӮһջԲ١
ıֲֻøȥ˾̾ڹۿֱҲˣ
[Ѿ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣѵʵν̿飿]
[ѧѧ񣬶ľȻô֪࣬ʶ̫㷺ˣֻҪ漰ֲ]
[Ҳܿ˼Ͽ⣬֮ûٸԼ磬츳ٸ߲ȥѧϰ֪Ҳ֪ôĶ]
[ֻţôڷܣѧ˭ʸǣ]
[ǻ̲İ]
[Ҫ˼һ˽һߴ˴Ѱʳһ߻ԴռЩ֪ʶ()㣡]
[ǰһưûбֳһֱǫѷºͣ˭ⶼӷĻش()ã]
ľٶùۿֱĺܶ˶˺øС
ҲһЩг
[󷽣Ϊģ]
[ǣҲŲô󷽣ʲô߱ˣ]
ǿ϶ţȻֱӴѰңͻˣαضһ٣ֻΪġ
ʲôˣһ㶼ô˵ġ
ܿ˴ҵķ
[ģҲ˼ҵı£]
[()ֱӴռҲŷϿɣģǴ󷽡]
[ԣô˵˶кôԺҪǵȥҰ⣬ЩֲҲֱܷЩãЩжˣǲɷϵġ]
һЩȽϼˣЩ²ľͿʼ磬ϻһƬкá
Ļ̲Ӯ˺ܶ˵ϿɣֱļҳҲϲĶӳܶԼҺռ֪ʶǵȤ
˵ǵĺӻȥѧϰЩ֪ʶ
ڹۿֱ߲ǣ֪һ̨ףͬʱҲܿ϶Ļ̲ģ׼ο£ôϾʱԼ硣
()

781.781 ǳʶ

781 ǳʶ
˴˺ܶҰޣҵ˲ٿʳõҰ˺͹ӣмܹζֲ
Ϊɭֵ˲û޻Ұ޵Ϯûκˡ
ָʶ׽ˮҵɭһСӡ
ֻˣ̴þȥ׽ˮԴжϺķ
ڵľںʶҲһȻûȥԣӦܴﵽ˫s
ʶ;ʶеģ÷ͬģʶķҲڴϡ
̫͵ѧǣҲ׷׳ַһʼʲô׽
ĵĽ⣬һ˾ϲĵܲ׽þܵˮ򡣡
ٽᲶ׽ġЦű
˱ܸˣллĶӣ̫ˣ
ģҲ½þ׽ˮ
ķǿ֮ʾĻǰȻܲʾ˵ȴȽϸ˸ųһ¡
츳ˣڿв׽ˮóԵ˶̲סϲˣ
ͷķ˿ܶ඼ȥˣɹıʲر࣬Ҳ١
[Ǹ̲ģν̿鰡̫ˣղҲ׽ˮһ̣Ҽˣ]
[ǰԭܹôãǳʶˣ]
[ȿȣû׽ˮȴ׽һЩջҲܴѧһַлĴ󷽣]
[ⷽȥҰкܴôѧЩѧǲһԼжŪ]
[ַоרžоܹο£˵á]
[ôôأʲôİ]
Ļǰ˿ˣҲʼкܶ޵ġ
˲ٸ߲;оᣬҲʾ˸߶ȵӣ׼֮úо¡
ķͷϢڵһѧԺ͵ѧԺУ߲ڣγɶԱȵȻǵһѧԺ߲ЦݼЦݡ
ɭһߵ˺ӱߡ
ˡ
ͻȻһòûȡˮװˮ̫СˣƿӶǡ
ǵıСǣøľݵ˿ţ֮ǰˮĿƿȴѾӵˣŵҲû
ǰôˮװȥأһе£òҵˮȥǰ״
()

782.782 ı

782 ı
ȴˣЦ˵ȽﴦˣƤİȻԼˮ
֮ǰռһܹȥѪȺζĹˮùӵ֭ҺϴһϴͲζˣ
Ƚˮװȥдÿ˷һԺΪרˮ
ĻڳѧһЩĿɿڴʵû뵽֮ǰ˽װˮ⡣
Ȼѧ̾ǸߣǵĶҲһϲı
ڳԸµվ˳Ұޡ
ƤŮǣȥȵĹ֭ҺĴϴ̫Сϴ֮ŵ±һ͸ˡ
½ɹɵƤţֻûŵѪζҰƤëζһɵڱɵ㡣
ԭϣͷλõˣ׷׷֮ǰ뷨Ҳ
һŮƤʣĶӣƤˣûߣôˮأ
ȥһСؾʱûдװˮģǳȥϲ˲Ƥˮˡ
ǿʯ룬߾Ұ()ϵëƤȥ֮ˣι̣
ҵһʯͷӵнܵ˽ʯͷиϸϸС飬Ȼ˽ǰĥ⣬취λôһף÷洩ߡ
ֽŮǽҰ޵ëϴߡ
ǰĵʱ򿴹һģëë֯ëµȷ¸ݡ
֮¾ȥоëôëߵģѧˣû뵽ϡ
ߺ붼ˣڳĶ׵ľǸ̿鰡
̲סʣĶӣôὫҰ޵ëߵķҲ鱾ѧ𣿡
Ҳܺ棬׷׿
Цд˵ŵʱڿëëߣ֯·Żܱů֮¾ȥԣŻŪġ
ûë£촩Ķάϳɵ·ǳů
ƽʲôľȥѧ㣬õϵʱ͵طòˣҲܷḻԼ֪ʶͼʶ(ͦͦ)õģ
ǰͶȺǱ뷨ȥԼҳģѧϰʹ֡
಻ѹ()Ҷֻȴ޼һҲܳɹ
Զֻ׼ˣ⻰ҽ쿴ĶӺ()ˣ̲ס˵
Ҳ˴Ϊͻȥѧ飬ѹҲôǿ
()

783.783 ̫ܸ

783 ̫ܸ
֪ʶô㣬ʲô(qng)ҲǱѧôеĳɹ
ǰΪҪ츳ãѧϰǿˣЩպ
˼츳ѧϰǿƽĸȴ˭٣ܻ˺ܶʱ;ȥѧϰЩǾһӶòϵĶ
ĻҲѧϰ˲ͬ뷨ǰ˼붼ͣһ㲻Ļϡ
ô˵ѧ㶫ֻкôûлͶ
Ƿ׷ױʾͬ˵ǽκҲҪѧϰõ֪ʶͼܣѧѧϰ
Ƥ߶ˣˮҲͿԷˡ
ֳһôҿţ˸ѧ졣
Ȼûľ£ȴҲȫܹʵ()
ŮˮһĳӣԺž㲻ҲԵˮ˾òҲеˮ˴ӡ
Ц˵ÿ˶һ˫ֵ۾ʹ֣
Ůô˵ָֺߣҲǴ()ϵõ
ԭвټôϲصŮҲΪεĳУ˲СĸĹۡ
ӡǷģһ·ʮֵĳĬô㣬ﷺһ˿ЦȻ
ѹַôϲԷȷʵ㡣
ǰڼ췽츳Ҳã˷ô꣬ôҲ޷֣ȡ¡
λĿˣȴչ¶Լ֣ȥȡͷ
ˮͷȻִŴñȽԭʼİ취ˮһ飬峺ɾװ˽ȥ
ʳˮҹˣʹһ˻سǡ
Ļǰһ̲ס̫ܸˡ
رЩѧļҳǣһüЦĿޡ
˽Ľˣ֮()㣬óǵĶŮӰ첻С
ǵĶ()߾ҪˣҪܺѾ͸ˡ
һֱڹע˿ֱŻʹ˾߲㣬˲Ŷϲ׼ȿȥϵ£ҵ֮Ҫһ·ûлˡ
˵Ǳ߷Ҳ˽˲ľݡ
Ȼ޷ÿһ䣬ֻҪȼ˯죬ӰѾɣܴﵽĿꡣ
ڶѧԺ鶼Ƚ˳һѧԺ͵ѧԺͳ˲⡣
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~֮ʼ󱬸~~~ƼǼáŮȼը졷ȤǿԿ~~~
()

784.784 ߵ

784 ߵ
ѧԺֳ˺ܶ飬Ҫܶӳ˴죬뵽סް취ĵһࡣ
СӶܹɱҰ޻Ǳңͬԣ˶ƣȻǱҾȥסƵ꣬һЩС
Եļ򵥣ɱһЩҰޣúϵѧ£ѳԵ㵫Ҳӡ
ֻǲĶӳΪ˱֣ͽԱԽɭֵΧԣ˱ޣɱԱ˵(qng)
Ҫбİиѧǣʱȣ(qng)
ûɭֵĶӳó۲ѰҰ޺ˮԴֻҵ˱ȽٵԼ˳ԶȥǱҸܡ
װˮҲͬ⣬ҵˮֻźȹȥ취
ȻѧԺҲڲپӢҰ澭ĶӳȻ̱Ϳ˵㣬ɱԸ()ȥȡǱҽס
ֱͨųǽһˣٿһѧԺ͵ѧԺѧǵǱߵ
˺ͷϣҲæľģȥ֮󻹶ԽľݸһЩ()
Ҫ֮ǰũɽͽ˲ľݣʱϸо
ǴɢģϵõĲһһ飬Ǹͬѧͺ͸ŷϵõͬѧ
ôҵҰ޺ˮԴôǵ(qng)˵һ顣
һ˶Ȳѣû뵽ʵĻ̲ġ
ǵնֻڲΪ淽⣬ȥϲǶȣο˵ѧԼѧᶯ֡
ҲǿԺֱ»ģµ(qng)һ߲ƽ
һҪõͬѧŰɣϾû()顣
ֻǺܶ˶˺ģԺһһӣǲôţ
̫Ҫɽʹźϵͬѧʼˡ
()ȻûУܴħãҲóԡ
ͬѧôʯͷȫʯʯ룬Ҳ÷ľͷ
ȥȻۣʵ()ȴû⡣
СסŵҪȽƶҪӶˣʳζҪ󶼲ߣϵļ۸һĸߣ˴ȥϣֻΡ
֯˽ЩҰгɿ飬Ȼʯּ˲Ұ˺ȥζһЩֲܿһ()ζܡ
()

785.785 Ҳð

785 Ҳð
˷߸ѧնûȴһרڽ̳
ѧԺѧУʱǾϵɽ뵽սŻ˵ĸţпܾͬ»ߺ
˿˷ҲϣһʶͬʱҲǿԽġ
Ҳϣÿ춼дµĽȷúõһȻܴ̼һ
֮ǰ̳û˿
֯˽()ãÿ˷һ룬ҳζ󣬾ססˡ
һѧնʯ()ģƬȥ
ԭΪθҪĥ˭뵽ĵһپҾ޵ˣ()ζ̫ˣ
Ӻе()Թ⣬ȥʯ()С
ﲻҶȽģڶѧԺ˷ͬѧӣҲ׷׸
[ԭҲΪûζζĿ()û뵽(r)()Ķӳģ]
[óԣȻֻΣĶȴ˲ٵζֲкܶǰûԹҰˣҴûԹôóԵ()һٳԵĺÿģ]
[ҲҳԹóԵ()Щ쵰һ㶼ûзȣһʯ()ѹֵ()]
˵󣬻˺üŴ()ԵûƬ
ڶѧԺ߳ԵúˬһѧԺ͵ѧԺ˲Ÿճϡ
̳(r)ˣһ߳һߵȥ
(r)һͺܺóԵ()ٿϸɰͰûûζһζĿ()ûθڣھ͸ûθˡ
ƬգڶѧԺװġ
ȽۼĶӳƬ￴ʯʯ룬һ·Ӧôû뵽أ
ɰͰ͵()϶ûŵĺóԣҲ֯ŪʯʯҲѧڶѧԺ()ˣ⿾()Ƕޱȡ
ֻǲԻر߶ҪӪ䣬ֻܱһĽ()ȥͬʱҲ̲סĽڶѧԺѧ
ĻǰֱˣŵڶѧԺѧһԵüЦȥųԣʱöˡ
[ô죿Ҳ()ˣ]
[Ҳԣղȥ˵()˭֪ѳˣ]
[ҵĵζֲ϶ôܴ()ôζ()]
[һԤУֱ˿⣬пܻʳֱ]
[ҲָоˣЩųԵˬ̲ס¶ĸ׵ЦݣǲܳԿҲðܱȿǸɰͰ͵Ŀ()ã]
[ԣǳԲϣҲð]
()

786.786 Ȼ

786 Ȼ()
һȺԻͬĹ۵㣬ˣ˳ԵĿģҲſġ
ʳֱת̺ϵͬѧ()ƵԼҲѧмζ
ʳֱǼһֱܻӭԭѧԺûעˣҲ̲סȥֱˡ
()̲סڴڶѧԺǲǻ
Ҳ˿һѧԺ͵ѧԺԵ̲סͬ(qng)
[Եʲô()ûϣŻѪ˿]
[Ŷѳԣǵı(qng)Ҳӡ֤һ㣬̲סΪǵ]
[ûĶǱߣ]
ֻľ͸ˡ
극ͷҷᣬʱסһ䡣
ҲȽϴľݵͬʱľϵľ()
˽ëƤɹɴÿ()
ҲŰ(r)ر(r)
ȥ˲ٺӻ
Ǻܶ࣬һһ()˯һ𣬴Ҳ䡣
ͷķֹȷҲȽϹƽû˭ţҲû˭رۣһȻϰߣҲá
رʶһѧԺ͵ѧԺѧˣ˴֮ն˻ཻһιģ˶ԷѧԺıߣͻȻһԼѧԺз
֮֮ǰûв˸ʰ˸ԻطϢ
ľûԴûװãҾֻˢһˢնˣȻ˯
һѧԺ͵ڶѧԺѧ׬ȡǱҵСӣȥס˾ƵСǮס
ֻԼӣСӾͱˣֻһЩĽţ˯Ӳذ߾ô˯һҹ
һľܶʵ̫˯硣
ʱÿѧն˶յ˿˷Ϣ
˷ͷıֺͻԼһ֣
˷ڶѧԺѧֶȽŽᣬÿ˼һ֣
ϢܿնһϢ
ο˷ǽǰʮͷÿܵļ֣еһ͵ڶֵľ롣
ڶѧԺѧǿ˷Ϣһܼû뵽ǾȻҲһ֣ŷȻ()ԡ
˲һһ㶼֣Ӧͽ
˵ѧԺвˣǲûˣĽţϡ
()

787.787 ٲŬͲ˼

787 ٲŬͲ˼
ѵǵڶѧԺ˸ź죬Ǹ˵ĻѧԺĻڿɶڵһ
֮ǰ鵽СʱһѧԺ͵ѧԺв˷̣˵ǿ˵κܴ䣬׵ǵ׵
ʱǻ治֪Ҫôȥֻܲᣬǿš
ڵĻһȥ˵ʲôҲܽЩǵף
Ǻܶ˾ͽϢ̳ֵĽҫ֮ǶԷƳ硣
һѧԺ͵ѧԺѧˣر֮ǰ̵ڶѧԺˣڵ
ԭ뿴ڶѧԺĺϷû뵽ʽʼ˵ĵһ죬ǲûˣ
Уμ˸һֽȸУʵû뵽ǻᱻһջָ()츳ķϲģԼһѾ޷þʻ׵˳˹ȥ
ͬʱҲúõоֵ쿪ʼҪӽŬ׷ȥˡ
һĶ־ֻһʼܿǾܳϵġ
ˢһնˣʼŰϵ()תһƣͽɢ
⼸˲Ǻϰ֮ˢն˵ļȥ˯š
Ǿͷ˯ǰȻܣ̲ס
ѹ˼ô弶ˣֻΪ˼Ҳ츳ãǺڿ졣
һ˱Щôڿ죬֮ǰЩܾ츳ţնһĿƬ̳
֪ԼԷûж⣬ûֹ
һ죬ѧܣͻȻԼҲӦŬˣ
ҹĻֱ֮͹رˣҲǱ**ܻܲȥ¼˼Ůķɡ
˿ӣѧԺܶѧʱ޷ߣһ¾ˢӡ
źڰģӰѧԺĺܶѧ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣֻоۺƣ룬˯ȴ˯ţȥҪô졣
˼Ȼо˼ҽô죡
ٱкܴʤĵ˷׷Ȼ˯Ǿɣǵܵȼأ˵ȥǶ
Щĸһֱ²ˣҲЩա
ԭͱȽлϽĵ˿ˣҲֻһ뷨˼ѧôŬٲŬͲ˼ˣ
ǾΪƬ֪д˲˸ڷܵ߷ǳ⡣
()

788.788 û

788 û
ڶһ磬ѧԺ˶׼ɻֱҲŴ򿪣ĵ˲١
ͷķֹ˷ľݣȥѰʳˮԴ
÷˺ܶľͰռ߶ˡ
˹ٲ(yn)óռĶãռǿԶõģҲǵ֮õĶŽȥóΥ档
ǲÿ춼ȥռˮԴ̫˷ʱˣԽҪЩľͰװˮſռȥϴʳá
߽첶ԵĵطڵΧҰ޲Ǻܶ࣬ץ˲٣ѾʣˣҪһЩ
ǰΧһȦܵûܵˡ
˶˵ֻôӦȥ֮ҺͷһЩϻ󷨣ʱֵǺܸ߻ûܵˣҲ໥֮ϻɱޡ
̵棬弶ߵʵڳ˶ûлĻ
һ۾ģ̫ˣĶһúѧ
ܵȼߵľȻжʮߣҲֻǳûжãսûбĥ¡
ʣµľһߣȼߵıޣԱˣ̸ϱˡ
ûܵˣȻҲϣǿ()ʵΪŶףſܼ
ԭǶԼʵûģȴΪĪĶһЩġ
˸ĵطֲֳ⣬Ŀʼҩݳ֡
ѹֶ˵ǾΪδı⣬ӶǵأܲҰޱںܶҩݡ
صЩҩݻȻԭҩģ۸Щҩֲĸ߳١
ȻδİǷǳΣյģСľͻ涾߻߱ޡֲЩӶҲȥƴġ
ҲͲкܶǿˣг۵(qng)
ڲ֪УҶøĽŲû
ûжħȥֲ̽·ҩ˲ˡ
ջ񻹲ЩҩݿֹѪֹۺƷոðҩռȥҩϵͬѧȻǾͿȥˣǱҺƽҪƷ
˶˵ľȫ޽ǻҪȥһЩ̫ܷװúϴԡװãҪѲǱء
ϴһ⣬ǻãΪԼϴ
()

789.789 Ϊ

789 Ϊ
ڶѧԺѧˮϵ߲Ǻܶ࣬˵޷ṩϴˮȵˮԶԶҲͲ취ˮԴˡ
ҲǴ()޷ģȻͿȥˮŰװϴԡ豸
ô˵ڴһʼȷʵʹ࣬ΪʲôûС
ɵһ㿿Լõ󣬱˵ĺгɾ͸С
쿴ľݽԼԵ()кƽõʲôǲͬġ
ãȥǾҩȥֹѪֹҩǵ֪䷽ƷոðľͲ̫ˡһҩϵѧ˵
Ц֪ʱҽǣ
ãҩϵѧһüЦ
Ҫǰ϶ﲻȷһϵѧҩѧѧҩⲻǿЦ
ԴƳҩܺķֱҩһ㶼
ô()Ͽ϶ѧٵĶ
һ·϶ϸĹ۲죬˱޽ӡ߷㣬ͻô·ص㻹׷Ұޡ
һЩҩǿҩŵҩݡ
Щժȥҩţȥ֮ǿ()ͲѪƣ͸Сָżֲ͸˵
һ߰˵һ̲סʣҩʲô
ЦŽͣǹŵʱڵһʳʳҩβߵ()ȣҲǿʵȵȵĹЧ
ֻҩŵ䷽Ѿʧ٣ȴ֪һ֣ղſЩҩҩݣҩš
ҲҸ¿ζҩݼ֮ԽⷦѪЧܲġָָһָ˵
ڳ˼֪ҩⶫһϹŵʱڵĶޱȡ
û뵽ҩŻô๦Ч
Ҫ㲻˵ǻЩǷϲݣһ˵Ҹо˲Ϊˣѧ̲סĴָ
ǰĶ̫ˣŵ(qng)ʧҩŶᡣ
ƽ(i)þǿҩʳԹעԶһЩǫѷЦЦ
Ҷ֪ǫ飬ϲóʲôҲֻˡ
ҲȽϲ()ӵദҪǻеˣôණβͶˣԺưϲ
Ķӣҩݿҩ𣿡ָһɫˮֲʡ
˹ȥ۾һҩţȴζܹζҲȥȵã
()

790.790 ɾͲ

790 ɾͲ
Ҳоĺֲܶͼ鼮֪ΪôıǨֲܶﶼˡ
Ҳ˺ܶһЩֲĴƷ߶һЩõֲ
ƹӾֻܴҪúôȻܶʦ֪Ҫôԭϲ
֮ʶ˽˹һʦᵽģ֪ѧˡ
Ȼܴƽ޻ʲôûûζģдƷ̫ˣ˵žҪȥɻƹӡ
ɹˣֱȥְɣľϵҲзӵˣÿ£йӿժ˳ԡ
ҩźʳõģҲԺܼٺܶʱ;ˡ顣
ľϵóЩʳľľϵߴġ
ǵǿԴζǺܺãЩֲ･ľͻʳˡԭҰ()ʳġ
ҲϲʳģЦʵֻҪһĴķʹøҲܴԭʳĵģֻڻһЩ
ʱҽǣ֮ǰľϵԹܶΣҵһַԴԭʳģֻЩ鷳
ֻǿռߣľϵߣѹô׽Ͷֲ
ðʱҪ鷳Ķˣľϵ߶̲סЦ˵
ЦЦ鷳һŶӣӦõģ
ҲвҪѧϰĶһ£ⲻǵǫѷÿóĲͬܽڶѧԺѧ()ѧ
ô˵ҵЦ˼ֻ֣˲Ϊ⣬Щ
ǿǺ͵һѧԺѧԺԼģŵڶȻôģҪѹɾͲˡ
ĸܵЩ˵ľ񲨶׽еɫ
˭ҪӰŶӣͷ嶼ͬġ
ͻȻԶ˼ҽУ
ΧѧǶ볯Ǳ߿ȥһ¶˷ɫ
ʶɨɨǱüֻڱ׷ţǹȥæɡ
ԷɫսװóǵѧԺġ
һܲͣսֵǲҹά
ȻˣȻܼȣ
Ĵ󲿷ѧΪף׷׵ͷãĶӵģ
()

791.791 

791 
˹ȥǼҲǵķ
һˣǼ˾һͬѧ
кü˶ˣ⼸˲ܡ
侲Ŀ׷()ֻǣЩǵʵ൱ڶߡ
߳УҵһԸǣȽ˷ս˳
ҲѸٳһսŵĿǰ
ϴǲμѧԺĿˣԸĶҰޣбģʵҲƵġ
Ұײеıޣǵһζϡ
ս˹ȥܴԱߵֲ٣żֻǲƶȥ
ľϵߴֲвϵϹ׼Ĺֺʺϡ
һһߴʼ
Ƿ׷׶ȷʵһܺõֻᣬϾ弶ߣ߳Щأս˵ôˮҲһֻס
ҷ׷װ˵ͷܣһʼЩŻҵģɿȻֱӳȺսĴĪľְȫС
Ϊ弶ߣ()ԽսģԸ⼸ֻǼֱҪ̫ɡ
Ҳ׼ڲضʵҪ˳ŷչǿʵ塣
սսΧĿûɱ
()ӰȺ໹о࣬ҶЩ˼顣
Ÿʲôһֻ߷ɣ()϶ܣ׼()ϵ㣬ȡһС
ϵۻˮϵˮϵ
վǰһЩȻ˵ܣűϮȥ
һʼΪźûо飬ҪǴУҪʧ׼ͷ޷ǵҪϡ
ȴΪ˶ǣһֱȺ̲סˣ
ҲǴģǰŽСؾҲȽϲˣû˭ǿߡ
û£ſʼģǼоŵǵ()ϣȻվ֪ȥԡ
İͷܿãҽ֣˺ܺõ׼ͷ
мߺ֮£ֱӽһֻǻɱǶ̲ס˷
˼״ҲרעĹЧȻ˺ܶࡣ
߲٣Ǻܿͽŵıȫɱ
()

792.792 ־

792 ־
һʼû׼ͷвСĽܹǱȥġ
ŴҶݺݵһһģˡ
˾̾ǣЩǰȻĪʧˣ޷()ϡ
ôͬʱҲ˿ֻҪҲûĿˡ
ܿ죬()߾Ǳɱıǡ
ǼȺ׷ɱĵѧԺѧһҲĿɿڴġ
ҿʵǿһ̲ס
Աߵһһƣ˵ǷŮѣ˵ôǿսһС㣡
˵ӣϸĿ˹ȥԭ
ǰʱ䱻ӵһŷǷʡնʲôĶûˣ⼸ΪѧԺҪ˲ű˻
˲ٹ(qng)ȴûмˣնڶڼûգҲû
ϻݻȻûϳǱɵˣԱߵȻĹϵ
ݻ˸ۣҿɲǾǱɵˣ
Զ˶ڷЦʰսƷ
໣ˣһȺһӵȥñǡ
ֱǼֵͣǵ̫ܷװϣˣ
ǰҸоϴԡװҲ֣
ڶѧԺѧһѣ⻹Ǻܶ˵һλɱޡ
ѧԺļЩΣȴû˵ʲôֹ
ݻ˵ߣȥл˼ҵľ֮
˳æ˵ͬ顣
ǵѧԺеһͷĿҲη飬Щȫ
Χתûжջ񣬽û취ֻתƽ
˭֪С˱ȺȻǶǶߣܶԴѻȥģûʲôʵս飬ɭײеıȣͲǶ֣ű׷
ȻЩɸлĲ١
Ⱥݻͷ竣ƽҲǱȽϲ(i)㣬żŪ磬((pio)pio)ĲҲȦһ
ݻǰЦŵͬѧղллˣ
΢ЦûϵȻǲͬУҲͬѧ˲ܼȣ
ٴζлǷһ(qng)ݻֺ˺ϣһлơ
㿴ܲ鷳æҵĶѣÿλãָָѾڵϼ˵ˡ
ں̨̫ˣܷɹһţ~~
()

793.793 ȡ

793 ȡ
һֱۺϱҧͣѪɫҰ׿ȥһʱҪȥģ
ͷãȿ
첽ߵص()ߣȰ˰ʧѪˣȸϿֹѪȻһЩѪʳҩС
һ˵һߴ֮ǰռҩҳֹܹѪҩģ֮˶Է˿ϡ
˷һֹѪۣ˸ˣΪ˿̫Ѫ޷ֹסŻʧѪࡣ
ȥҩݣΪ˼򵥰ܿҾͷֱۺʹѪȻˡ
ҩЧãѹĶ˵ԺȥҰ⣬ҩһҪڵ㱳()Էһѧ̲ס̾
ĶӾôܸɣ
ΪֹѪְ⼸˴˿
ռжԼƱȽϺõҩɲóΥ档
ֹֻѪιһЩҩϵͬѧóҩҺ
һЩѪĶǳԣñٽɭֲԣ˿˺Ѿ鷳ˣ⼸˵˿ںվݻ˵
ݻЩǵĿż˶ʣʲôܲѪ
ޣܶಹѪ˵ҲҲǿԴȻǳһЩΡ
ִҩóһźӵֲҩҲвѪĹЧ˺һЧá
ʵҲΣǽҩݺ()һҲвѪЧԼʾָܻˡ
˶ߣƽ()ҲûǲͿˣָǿġ
ݻӹӿ˿л˵ãȥң
Ǿ뿪ɣҪǵ޾鷳ˣѡ
⼸竴һΣҲûб˴˶¶Էּʱıл⣬˻Ʒǲġ
лݻͷ
Ҳٶ˵һȺʰǣʹŴ뿪ˡ
ݻҩݣ뿪ıӰ˼
ˣٿ˼ҲǷŮѣûϵһִֻ˵
ݻûĵʲôأֻ(ͦͦ)ģһˣû˼
ҿɲûƷȥ׷ѵŮ֪ģֻǺôӷϲķ()ȺȺ÷()ġ
ڿû˼׷ŮˣֻҪѧѧֶΣҲ֮ӦöһӴȡȡ
()

794.794 ôô

794 ôô()
ݻͷŲԶȥԭصͬ飬ʱѪѾֹסˣɫҲûôҰףȻΣˡ
˿漴ȭͷҪʧһֵˣ
Ҳݶ(qng)Ժлᣬرġ
Ҳ⿪Ц֪㲻ᡣ
㿴˼ô˳һһհģ˵б»˸ĳ֣Ƕ(ͦͦ)мġ
Ҿ˵ڶѧԺûз飬ѡ˷嵱ܶӳӳģ˭ǵѧԺֶ֮ȫһɢɳ
ԳЦЦǸǱżģһӵ
ݻԭûҪȥʲôܶӳģ˭֪ȴǸͬĸĵܵżƽϵܺõļˣҲһż˳û취ԼһСӡ
ȥǾͱ˵µĲһǵǵѧԺϺȵĴڣ̲סߺޡ
Ǹǣ̾˿
һȭֵܾͱ˵ֻûǻҲǵġ
˶һۣ˱˴еΡ
ֱУǲ˵
ǽ˵ͻСǣȻǼٵѰֲǺȡݻζеҩݡ
()츳ܺãֻϧڶսܷϡ
ɸղſָ߹Ѿ򣬾Լϰ̣ʵҲӶ١
ҪһҪϿԼʵС
ҲȽѣͷֻˣ
˽˵·ȻŻسǵ·ߡ
ִҵһȺҵıޣȻܽȥţӵܵͬѧܾһЩսɡ
ͬʱҲܿһЩ߼ıޣ˲ٴҩġֲŷյĻسǡ
ۿֱˣζԸޣһеģ׷̲ס̾
[֮ǰ˭˵ֻܴﵽ弶սȴ϶ˮģ֤㣡]
[ǣֱ˲ǣҾͲˣЩôô()أ]
[ĽҲǻã]
[̫ˣսҲǻ̿鰡]
[Ľһӵѧοѧٶɡ]
[ˣһԾֵѧԺȣƷã]
()

795.795 ô

795 ô
ϵƷֱһҶԽԽϿɺϲ
ʵҲ㣬ȫ汾()£ҽֻҪƷ߶ˣСҪ˳֡
Ȼ˭Ҫ۸ҲԷʰ
صСǣ˽ҩݺֲֵԱ߿Ļĵ
ľϵôʹԭֲֲ
ľϵ߶ĺϸȻһĳ̵ģȻֲʱĸоǲͬģһ̲סˡ
ҪܹԭҩĺʳģҵҲܽһЩȽϺõĲŻ߹˾ˡ
ûΣЩľϵߵķֱĻǰҲ
֮ǰ̵ã֤ǶԵģԲľϵ߾ϸļ
Ϊֲоѧᣬֱ߶ȹע
ҩţȻҲģɿźֲͬˣζҲһ
ε()˲ٱޣ()ŵҩ̲ҳ֮;()ůĺ
ȻҲһ֮˯оȫ()ƣ˯š
ҩ֮󣬸оûôƣ״̬˲١
Թ֮󣬷ʹϯһɱı޺ҩѧѧҩҺȥǱңȻ̫ܼ¹ⷢװá
װð̫ܹܲ磬ֻԻһЩ
ϰеµ㣬ҲɵһС
޻ȡǱһ޷ϴԡ豸ɷﲻںڰŶǮ˷װãϴԡ豸Զ
Ϊҵĸɾˡ
նҲϰϣǾֻȥ̳(r)ˡ
ܿҩžͱŵ̳ϣڶѧԺͼƬôôʳ()
رųԣϻǿζС
һѧԺ͵ѧԺ첻鶼ѧǣŪʯʯ룬ȻμҰ()
ϧȴ֪ҪʲôȥȺڵζƷֲһԵޡ
ȻɰͰѳԵĿ()ζ΢õ㣬ҲûóԵ
ڶѧԺѧǷҩͼƬһƲѡ
ΪʲôŪľôѳԣ˼ͷľôóԣô
ǵûлɣû취˭˽˹ô죬˶֪Լͷ̫̫жϲܡ
()

796.796 

796 
̸»̸⣬Ҫܶ˽˹ݵλãһǳӵ(qng)
ֻϧѧԺûгôõѧǵθҲͲ˵ˡ
tһֱڹעֱᵽҩţָѧҩţ¶һЦݡ
û뵽ҩŲδͿʼˣⲨЧӦǳá
Ϻܶ˶ҩţҲⷽ˽⣬ֻڻҩŵû˵ô๦Ч
в󣬳һҩŵ꣬һȥ
tǴˣܲµôҪΪѧǸƻʳ⣬ҲΪǵҩŲ̵档
֮ǰ˵е((co)co)һʱ䷢һٷ΢
ڳﱸһҩŲʱܹʣҩŵ䷽ҲṩͲ׳Գ
ͬʱռ˲ҩŷ֪ʶرǿҽҩĵҩ()ǧֱӳҩţȻܻܿ()˺
Ϣ֪ͼt˲Ǻܶ࣬Ϣ˺Ѿɺ
϶ҩŵĺԱt̳˻Ƕץʱ
Ҳ˷Ӧ֪ôǿˣǰʱΪҶƣû׵һҵҶҸмֺ׸ҵļ̳˺
Ŵһӵôˣҵﻹ߿ҵ
ԭһЩҪĴ˾ֻ߲̾ķʵʮ**͡
ҲһЩ˾ĸ߲ȴǱҪڵ˾ƾܶԹ˾кܴ洦¶Ҫȥ
˯µ֪Ѿв˿ʼˡ
ڶһظ졣
ľݽȫ޽깤ÿ˶ֵķ䣬Ҳһ뵽ɭ֣λûҪȥһЩ
·޴ҲôңָӾĽŹ
ͷ廹̸ֺϼƵÿ˶˲ͬվλ
ûܻսȽϵ͵ˣֻҪ˲÷ԸϺϼƣҲɶһֻ޵Ļɱ
ҪǣͷܺãֱҲһսֵֿ
ŴһȺһΧҵЭ
һʼҲ˺ܶæҵ(qng)ɽĴҿʼӦ
()

797.797 ԽԽͷ

797 ԽԽͷ
ʵսУֻҪгЧܺܺõҵġ
һֻֻ׺ޱȵıޱնɱܶԭĽŵӣ
ţûչ˵ʱȥͱս
Ⱥһִ֣ȥ˶ıޡ
Ҳһʼ轥õ״̬ô˶ԸһȺޣܿͽ価£˱նɱģȻץ˼ֻ
Ķӣǽ쾹Ȼô𣿡ٴνһǵĶޣŷѾϰֻ޵ջȫ
Цǵÿȥϴԡ豸ˣҾһסһ䣬ϴˣ
ҲǹŴҶһЩ޵ģϴһܡ
̫ˣ(r)ԽԽͷˣ⻰ܼ
ǰȽ췿ȫţװϴԡװãҲСˣ
ĶӺͷûǵĴ죬ǹƻǵһѧԺ͵ѧԺҳһƬɢɳء
ǰǵڶѧԺѵǰأ
һȺ̸ͷ嶼
ŴȡʳѰҸֲҩģ̲ĺͱ()ʵ֤Լ
ȻֻǴŴҽ췿ݣȴҲ˲Լ뷨ŵ˶ܾ׼óһչ¶˳
ÿ˶Եö࣬Ҳиɾʱܽôľ
ʵ˶ͳͳ֮ǰ뷨ʼĵϿˡ
ҲʹڵڶѧԺͷߵĵλȣЩҪƻԽĽ
ֿ̧˿ʱѰһЩѪҩĻȥҩŰɡ
ããҩų֮Ҹоûôƣ룬˯Ļرãǰһҹȥġ
ǰ˯Ҳܺã״̬ǰ춼öˣⶼҩŵĹ͡
Ҳǣû֮ǰҾʧߵëر()ǰ춼һߣҩ֮󣬾Ȼһҹ˯˶оˬĶҩЧ̫ˣ
ֻЧãζҲرãҾñȵ()óԡ
ֻϧȺ˵()ˣҲųζȥ̣˭֪ûˣһŮ̲סԹ
()йɻζֺȻĵ𣬳óԡ
ϧѧԺǣһ()ûзȣһȺӣ
()

798.798 

798 
ѧһԣһｫҩſһ仨
ҲȷʵǸоЧŻڿ䡣
˵ҩŹЧʱǻΪ⣬þЩЧҲҪһʱܸܵ
˭ֻ֪һҹʱ䣬Ǿ()ܵЧ̾ҩŵ档
û뵽óԻβߵ()ʳĶ⿺ҽǾˣ
ҩźóж()õĹЧǵȻҪŪˡ
ЦٿҾҪƮˣ
ˣֻҪҵʺ()ҩģǵĻʳҩš
˶˵Ϊҩļ룬ԲܺҴ䣬еҩı()û⣬һһ𣬾Ϳܻҩ()壬𲻵()õЧá
ҩŲҪ֪䷽öҩ()УҲҴҩġ
ȿ˽һڳеҳϣżֶ()õҩ䷽ƵʱȤĿԿ
˵Ҳ¿ֱ˺ȥѧŪҩţʱ£Ҫˮõ()ϡ
ڽ(qng)()̯˭Ҫǲҩ()ȥŪҩųԣԳͺûϵˡ
Ҳֹ˲ȥݺ
ҩҲֻǮ˲ſԳԣ׼ǵҩһЩдۡ
ø֪ͳҩţҲá
tҵôӦѾץסҩŵĹЧӦ˰ɣ
ܻӭĳУҶ֪ÿŶȥʳĵ˶Ŀ£ÿܶһЩҳʳ׵ϣøѧϰƷʳ
ҲǸеҳرѾλǰʮˡ
֮ڳһֱ¼Ƶ˵ڶѧԺĺܶѧ֮¾ȥעˡ
ô˵һ˼ˣ̫ˣʱһȥѧ
̵鵽ҩŵĺô²óյѧҲ׼ȥѧһѧȥ˳ԡ
һ棬ֱĻǰۿˣֱܺ۵ĿЩѧľ״̬ȷʵǰҪò١
ܶʧߵëˣ׷׶ˡ
[û뵽ҩžȻĹЧƽ³ҩˣԸϺҲҩͻȻҩܰҽ⣡]
[ǰЩѧҩŵģζԲˣˮˣ]
ѧǵķӦҶΪװģһô˲ܶװô񣻶ҲûװıҪ֤óԣ
()

799.799 ǻô

799 ǻô
ҩܰζ̲()壬ƼĽһ𣬺ܶ˶Դ˵Ľܶȶܸߡ
[оµĿʱǳϣϣҩţ]
[ǰµʱ(ͦͦ)̵ģҲúó]
[Ȳҩô죿]
[ˣղ˵ˣҩ()֪ҩ䷽˿ɱҳԣԼҪǸҶˮǵһͬ⣡]
ķ˿Ѿ˺ܸάżʶˣһʱܸĽ࣡
[ԶԣرЩҪĺӣҪǾˣ]
[ȴԤ룬ʱҪ˺ҳԳ⣬ȴָһǼĽĺΪҪ]
ͷķ˿Ƿ׷׳Ӧžκοƺǵż
ԭ׼ʲôˣЩۻ߻дvǲ˶ˡ
˵ֵزˣǻô
Ҫ˳ҩųȥƲãҪɹϾ˼ҿһǿҪҳԵġ
ֻŻѪķԭ׼úܺõļƻ
˲ҩʳûߵϵֲ˴ȥ
ҩŵЧôãɭйأЩֲﶼٵմ˵ֱõĴ䣬ҩĵЧȫӳ()ĺôҲͱȽϿ졣
˵ĺ켧tųȥһ¾Ͷˣ֮ôڶѧԺѧĻ棬켧tն˼˴ˡ
ҪһˣҪǰԤ߰ſʲôģǶҩʮֵĿá
tҩŲδҵΪ׵ĺˣϵĽ֮ǰĹƻ޸ģɾȥ˴ĹͶ롣
µļƻЦ˵С㻹Ǹˣȥ˶һ棬Чôã
첻ֻϰĵ绰ˣҲӵ˺ܶĵ绰ȫѯҩŵġ
ߵĹϵðæһſ㽫λá
ܶ˶ԤˣҩŲж𱬣ϰ嶼û뵽ġ
tЦǰԺʳҵľִߣ˵鷳ˣ
ҪԼϲãҲ˽ҵķչ򲢲ڴˣ˾ֲ١
Ҳϰ۹ãδǰͿǱǴʵϰⷽ
t⵹ǣҲ
εҩŲҵڼҼ̳˵λҲȹˣЩҪϴֵܽҲЪһЪˣ
()

800.800 

800 
һ׸֮ң漰ĲҵǳĹ㷺ħƻΪͻ
ƵꡢΡ͵ӲƷĻ̳Ⱦ㣬Ҵҵ󣬼ҵøǲ٣Ȼͻᷢܶڲ
ڼҵļǼtүүҲԭеĻϣ͵һ׸λá
ֻǶеļֵܽǺͻүӲֱ˶ѡ
ڼtʱ򣬾ͺͬʱѡе⼸ֵܽãһصѵ
Ϊӵмߵҵ츳ӱҲΪүϲͿõӡ
Ϊ̳ˣⲻλþסˣүѡ֮󣬲ûеֹ
ҲΪҪtѹͽȸС
ȻҪܳt̳˵λþͻᱻ
ΪүӵǼȻҲķչǵһλģtҲʾ⡣
ϼ̳֮()ĴӵһѧԺѧԼȥԼʳҵҪⷽĵ۹
һѧԺǺӵܵļӪtͻȻѧ͵ֱӶЩֵ
ȥһҴδҵʱٶǾŵܶˡ
ʱеĺܶ˳ЦƮˣӽˮȫԾĹĸݺݵ˼١
ֻүӸ֧֣ʮʱΣֻǲṩ̫ı˵Źƽ
ܴҵҵ۹˵ľ츳Ǽ˲ܼģ̳˵λþˡ
ʮʱ䶼޷ɹô˵츳ȴǷȱүӽ¿µļ̳ˡ
ЩҲв˸ʹ˲ٰӣһʼҵҲܼȴͰˡ
ر֮󣬹ũʳģĲӱǻ𱬺ܶࡣ
˽Ӵĺ߲ܶ㣬һۻڱȼһҪǿϺܶࡣ
ҲøΣ
ҲǣѧԺֻǺżǼ̳ҪҲ֪Ҫá
ɼtڵǺŻĸ߲㣬һεġ
ҩţtʳҵ۹ͷλòˡ
үӽ컹绰еĿһ䣬Ԥ˼źڿǺܿ϶ɼˡ
úúõάϵ֮ĺϵԼ˽µѹϵ
ﲻҪܸʶĵǺãϧᡣ
()

801.801 ܾô

801 ܾô
Ǳ߼tΪҩŲ˷æ͸ӦУɭҲ˺ܶҩĺֲ
׼۷ʱ˵һѧԺС顣
ѧԺСǣɭֵΧȽϴһ(qng)ԽȦӲϵСĿܺͻҲͻԽԽ
ʱִ
׼ȷ˵黥ǽĿ궼׼һˡ
һֱԹһֻƷܺõı޷ˣҪץȥĻɾܶǱҵġ
߼޳úȣرĴǳСǵϲ()ݵλһһֻ()߱ӡ
רų۳УֻҪȹѱһʱóȥܷü
Ƕջıޣ۸ҲǱȽϸߵģǵĲǾһֲפ
(ƨp)ǱҷܵҴˣĳӰűѵġ
Ϥ¡
ͱˣǿɶץס˱ޣȴˣҪ()϶
ǰǶӳ˵㼸䣬𣿡
Ƕӳʲôìܣǲܣȴܹ˽ǴҺҵı
尣̫ʧˣô˵Ҳˣ㲻ܽζӳìܷŴ󣬺ôʧһĶӳ˵
ҲǿˣһĶӳͺˣѹֽһҪһ
ԭ˿ء
ߣôҲýͣ
еѣҲΪǲżģû뵽ˣԷڳĬ
ôԵ(qng)ֻҪ۾ĲϹ֪ô¡
ǿүүˣĸ˵һѧԺУλãЩ˻Ƕÿ²ˡ
ô죿ŵ尵ѱߣʧô󣬲ܾôˣ
Ҫȥץһֻץȼ۵ı⣬˶ӰɡҪ((Ʊ))õ˶ӣԺ¼ҹһ
֮ǰ尼үүУʱͿһܲ˳ˡ
ֻǹ˼үүͰ˼һֱš
ڲͬˣλУ˼Ҳ巢䵽˱߾սţûʰ尣ȥǸ
ָ߸ϱŵζãѹǰĵôš
ڿֱʰ˵֮ŵԼҲŶġ
Ǽ̵ԼҺܾˣߺߣ
()

802.802 

802 
尿ŶԷһС˵־ģ˵ֱǶ
ôΪѵУǰǰС̬˾ͻǣүүң±Ӱɣ
ҪʱԣֱԻȭȥСһ١
ǰүүУʱһһֱǰգӭСһΪƾܷ()ˣ
ǵԼӵǧĵ̣ȷʵ˲ģΪ˹ϵϵһѧԺУˣүүǰҲǰ衣
ҪǵԼҳ(ƨp)ɵµλã̫Сˡ
ҲΪˣŻûж֡
ľǣȥ尵Сܵ(r)ӣǸɲзС졣
Ť£ɫ()尣(ƨp)
ǣѧУֲܣλΰɣ
尽()ŵĴСŵֽ˺һӵǰϡأǱͻȻܹΪ˶ֵܲģҲܵ
ҪҲ˽ûƷ㣬Ӳˣһ
ת()ͿԶվŵԭŵ˲üЦ
첽ߵǰұСˣ֮ǰ˵Ҫһ棬ˣ
͵Ծǹۣ͵ҲѣƣҲǺܲˬġ
Ц˵һѧԺû۹⣬ôһ˲ƣȻǷǳӭģ
漴ЦЦĿλǿ̱һͲǺˣ뿪ǵӣȷѡ񡣡
ڶѧԺѧڶΪ⻰һЦ
ʵò󣬵ϸȥȷʵоһֿ̱ĸо
ûô˵Ҫ()˵˭أ
ạ̊́ü˭Ͼ˵˭û뵽㵹Ǻ֪֮
ЦǸСαӣԼʲôˣɲġ
оůůģ̹
Ҫ͵ڶѧԺᣬˣ˼һת
ҪǽñӶͷϣһѧԺѧ϶ͻᷴкų⡣
Цλͬѧ㲻ֻ̱û뵽ϲǷǰ
Ҫż飬()һ޷ӣѹɣǹˣ
()

803.803 û

803 û
ͱ˽û
˵˵ȻǵڶѧԺ͵һѧԺεĿǾϵȴҲ޷ıǶľӢҵУѧһ¹
ôùأǽǵǿˣ
λͬѧ˼ⰡȻҪľӢѧ㲻ǱǿǱϴ˰ɣ
ѹôԵͬѧǻϵǰ㾫Ӣڿݺ޷ȡúóɼ˵ʧȴҲǿԸ⿴ġ
漴һı(qng)ԭǱĿģĿﰡ
ͬѧ͸ܺһˣ򻹲ñ㺦ҪʧһλĻսʿսϽһλսӢ
û뵽һҵıô⶯ͽǿŪһˣǰ()ϸ
㣬Ѫˣһŭ
Ҳû뵽ô˵ȴоô¡
ʵҲ֪ǹҪ尣ǿ˵()ϸĻҲҲɡ
ֵûѪˣԼ;Σ
㣡ŤˣҲŲҥ
ղŵΪ˼㲻ýƱ磡
һת֮ǰôƵ尵ƵҸղѾ¼˷ŵ̳Ҳȥ֮ˮ
ΪȫΪʧһľӢսʿʱһˣ
ԷôĿӣɲֻΪ˳ص㻹ҪõҵһǱȽϺõɡ
ⲻԷˣ
ڳҲ˼һ¶˾ȵɫ
һѧԺѧЩȫ(to)
Ů˾¼Ƶŵϣһ뵽УѧǾ;öý
ЩԹҪҲص㣬ղ̫ˡ
֪ԭ尺úõģͻȻð͵ڶѧԺѧ¼ƵʱҲö
㲻Ҫ̫ˣ̳ϵƵɾˣ뿪в
Цһȫ()弶ߵϢǵͷſĿܵɨɨˣƾЩˣҲǣ
ʲôĵţǿ𣿡
()

804.804 Ҿ̫

804 Ҿ̫
ûôˣƽԼ˵ʱȻ춼ףĸ
Ů̫ˣʲôǿޣ˵Ҫ()ϸô죿
̫ˣɢ弶ϢʵѾˡ
ߵľǵ尵ļ˶ǶܣܸԴѻȥģù弶
ǻôˣҲԼ䣬Ȼ
üҾ̫ˣҪΣǵһѧԺУǵڶѧԺѧɲ±߰㲻Ұ
ѣѵ׼һؾ£ôô󣡡̵
֮ǰó֣ҲΪǵһѧԺѧһСľͻŪⲻˣС˵Ȧ(to)
ûֹ˼ˣ
̫ˣ־
㣡һҭҪǶӮֺαﱻ
ʲô㣿ȫ()ɢҪ䣬һǸˣҾ
̫ˣΪ弶߾һ죬ƻ򡣡ˡ
ŮһӶ̫ˣ
Դ׵ϵһѧԺУ˭˦ӣ˵ôˡ
ǰ׳յܿ˹ٿ(yn)ڲģѣҪʰ㲻ӦõֻҪŪ͵ˣ
㣡ôôһҭ˺üΡ
Ҫ䣬Ҫѡɣɲɫ
ǸСˣղվά尾ͽˣҲںöԷ޵㡣
ϣôŮ˵ˣܲ˹ǶĶԱӻ֡
ĶԱҲߣͬܲ˼ôˣ弶ߣôϣ
ȴ޿κΣ˭ǵУҪҵȥѧԺռеԴ䣬ѡ˵࣬ȻΥ˼
ֻҧȥ
⶯˶֣ܵ˲ѸٵĿȻĳһ˲ƶȥ
һ߶һ߶()ľϵ˵ԴˣȴֲｫסȻٶʰǡ
һУѸ۳һޣ͵С
漴Ӷٱӣűֲסŵ˳ȥûǾҪĵκܴ졣
()

805.805 ̫˧

805 ̫˧
(qng)ĳЩ˳ȥ
ûжܣֻľϵܣŴҾһĲҽС
һѧԺˣĴҪ㿪ɽȴ٣˻ֱ˸ʺĶ
ֲݣҲֻǸЩһЩѵˡ
Ȼֵˣ
һֱ()Լߵ()Ϻ϶Ǳ޺ۣŶûۡ
Ǻԥĵͷܣڱ͹֮ǰϵѡ˹ȴݺݵļסˡ
ȥ׷(r)ֱŵģҪô˵Ķͬ飬Ҳûˡ
һҲԿεĵһѧԺУƷǣҲµԷ
ԥˣĵһѧԺѧǣһ¶̵ı(qng)һôôˣ
尸оģЦ߹ȥղ̫˧ˣԺҵż񣡡
⻰ɲǹάģղų˵̫˧ˣ
ѹַϲ(qng)ʵһͣ⣡
ֻǷڶŰȴŵģһǰչǿְһ档
õ尶úһˣѡǿ̱ӳΪͷ׵ҲѣԺ͸һˣٱۣ
߰ɣҪǵĳʱӭңӣҪΪЩ˺ҡ
ʮҲû˭˵ͳܵķ׷˹ȥҲ˺ˡ
ϣǳ󣬿Ǹ˵ȴӻܵÿ죬Ҫһõ˭
Щ˻뿪ڶѧԺѧǶôġ
ǰһѧԺѧ˶ק۾޲óͷϣһǵӣûôǱһ档
úãЩ˹żѣ̫ˣ
ǰָǿйء
иһѧԺУΪԼܳưУˣʲô⣡
˾ǵһѧԺİ࣬˳Ҳǹˣ
֪Уĵˣʲô(qng)
Ҳı(qng)һۣ
Ҳ߲ʵģĶӣָϣ
ڶѧԺѧһЦŴȤ
ǳԶˣȻҲһ뷨ڻֱأҪ㡣
ȿȣֵɫˣʰ·̰ɡɿһ
()

806.806 ɵƯ

806 ɵƯ
ҲӦ˵еɶˣЦת˻⡣
ȻõǵһѧԺģǻòƲʡ
˵ʲôŻҪŵ尣Ҳûж˵ʲô
λڵ۶ҲǸˣû˭Ҫ
ڹۿֱˣҲǵһμһ棬Ǿȣ
[Ȼô˧治Ƿϱ]
[̫ˣңôôô˧]
[ԭҲһ棬ɵƯ]
[ѣ˧Ϲˣأϧȣ]
[ɲϣ۹̫ˣֱ]
[᲻̫ʢ˵㣿˼Ҳûô]
[¥ȫվ˵ۣĺѱˣҪͶ㣬ĬĬĿţû]
[ǣ¥˿϶ҲǸ˻ûѣ]
[ô˧ôҲţ]
[ԣƵ尵ʱôͲͬУ֮ꣿ˼ҵҲûô]
[һѧԺ̫ү·ϾҲǰ̫ӣ]
[ɵ尷û˵˻˰]
[ܺѣƷôܲã]
[ԿǸУƲզأ]
[ǣܹôûƷĶӣһƷզأ˵ӵУֶβ˵ġ]
[⻹ûվȽŸأҪУˣμб£ק()]
[Լҿǧ̵ţμںֻǱֵȼҪƺҲӦаɣ]
[׵Ұĳ£Ҳ֪һѧԺĴ£᲻ᶪ˵һ]
[˵ͷڣڶѧԺǺϣģ]
ͷķ˿ԽԽ࣬򼸺ƫһѧԺУҲܶ˷̡
ҲϾǿȨͿŰ߼۸ˣǱῴġ
Ͼĺж٣Ļǰֱģ²ʿ࣬ȻΪ
Լҵ֮ǰֱ就ƣ˵ŭǼٵġ
Ҳ֪尺ܲƷ̨ϣĻһҪ˵óɼ̫ܡ
ȥҲᱻװ޹ȥ֮ۡ
¾͸ˣõȥץ޲ҪģС˼Ƶĺȫ
ֻԷȫƽ⣬˲ٹԷ˳ƽ尴()ߣûȥ
()

807.807 ĺܺ

807 ĺܺ
Լҵĳ̲סЩмõԾպ͵ûѡ
ɺܶ(qng)ǽ尴()ߣôΪͷԷġ
վڼĽǶȣôһҲ˳ƴμҵ档
ԴУκ󣬵һѧԺǱμҵĺ԰һǵԼҲʼһЩ߲͵ʦ˴ѹ̫ˡ
ǵԼһ׼ͽԷˣǺģ
ϢУɫѾúˣֱ()
ŷСҧгݵĵѧУֱ񻰣
ǰͶǲϲ֮ǰ˵ֻǿ츳Ҳֱʡ
֮ǰȥѧԣϣѾͷСʲôġ
û뵽Ѿͷصôֻ弶ߣǸ涼ܳڣ쵼Ҳһǿ
ϣӽȥأΪμҳ
ȴǧ㶼û뵽ȷʵȴûнԷȥôֱƵ尣ҵ˹Ľڣһ
Ǻô˵ˣûҲű⡣
ôһӣƽȽ()ߣһֱȽļƣҲȽԲͻ¼Ĵ̫ˡ
һʼѹŶӣôͷϡ
Ӳϴ壬Ȼȥ˱ˣԼҲˣҪǲһһǶҪ()Ӱˣ
Զŭ䲻ģٲûǨŭǶȴǺݵ
ҪѾͷ£ȻЩ̫ʣҲƵ尳ɹˡ
ֻҪӮһ˭ںֶιⲻʡ
ҲܵӰ죬就ƣԼҿ϶Ӳ
͵ʴףôܲŶ()ΪڶѧԺԺķСǨŭ
ûǣǵڶѧԺѧ⣬һֱԸŮ˵ֶϱ
СһֱƲμҵ·񣬺УСôΪһسӣž;ó졣
У⻰ЦһôӼˣӵľQˣ
ʲô񻰣()տ̱ǲ񻰰ɣܽӽ̳ôûƷҲֻμˡ
СһҲûĺܺá
()

808.808 ҲҰ

808 ҲҰ
СҲ˿ѷɫ
ǵһѧԺôĻϵӢ((Ʊ))ߣǵڶѧԺȴܻӭ
ζĿУ()ΪУһ()Ϊѧһõ󣬲ΪĶǣʧӢ˲š
У⻰ҲƽǶõıʰɡ̵ĺ(qng)
˵Ȼ˵񻰣(ƨp)أ
ҪǷҵˣҲҪʹͬͬ⡣
Уһҭ㣬̫ˣ
Ȧ˵˭ֵģŮ˵̵ľ
СñӵĿһۣҾ˵ʵѣô㻹вңҲҰ
漴˼ߵϢɢϢҶǱһѹš
ֱУû뵽СþȻôţǸȫһޡ
ЩľӪˣ()ֻһߣս˺ܶ࣬Ů˵Ķ֡
ԺĸϻܺʵߵģһŮѹһͷҲܲˬ(qng)
вŮҺ˵ͨ
ɲܣһǱ()ʵ̫󣬶Ů˱зҳģڿ˳Ҳˡ
СЦȻᣬӵһеģ
ϲӪ˻˵һѧԺУԵһѧԺ˵ֱ裬Ҳ֪Щȥôġ
УУϣȼ̣ǷȺͲһȼ
УԴӵУ˶緢˲٣ǵһαôӣ˲ֺ࣬ȫġ
ѧԺУҲУСӣڿУڶѧԺѹһϣУܺ£ӦڶѧԺ˵
Ц˵ˣǾǺǵսǺαظŶžˣ
вԵĵطǶִˣӰ(qng)ҪС
УĻҲ֪Ǹ̨£һĬˡ
ȴ²ۣ˭ĸϻи(qng)ˣ޲ýȥء
СֱӾͲˣĿŵѧԺУʲôӰ(qng)˭Си(qng)ˣ
ҾŻˣֻҪεĵһУǵڶѧԺͲ͵һѧԺκκĿˣ
Ѳʱ߿̫ԲԼˣҪлԷ
()

809.809 Լʲô찡

809 Լʲô찡
У⣬СҲ˵ѧԺУĻ
УٸҰѻ˵ˣʲô˶ддˣ
˵ǼСԡ
У⻹˵˵ˣȻΪѣδЩˣŮǲҪôã
Ͳŷһϲôŵϱ
ԴУ˿ʼΪĴڣƿصĸоɲã
ϴǵѧԺǿ˵ĵڶҲסΣȻϲѧ֡
С˵Ǹķ㻹һУ֮˵˵𣿡
ŮΪʲôͲˣѲɻҪǹŴһӲУ˼ɲԣ
ܹϵڶѧԺУص㻹ΪԼ()ҲǿƵ()ӡ
ϲǿƵŮǲһϲ
һΪ£Ǿͻϲ
ôܣǻϲܹڿдŹʣǷΪ˺ͽ˵Ǽ۹ãϱ
˼ҲӦУŮ˵
ʱڳһƺ͸оУҪ˵ãǾҪֵĽˣ
УʱЩڣԼʲô찡
ŮǫѷģǺܺµģһˡ
ǰŮ˵£ǱŮ˵һ٣ĵġ
ǸһۣǺ޺ʵ֮ͲʲôƲ磬ˣ
ɲĸϻ֣򲻹أڨڨЦЦҾô˵˵ԶڶѧԺ֮󣬽췢չôãôܲʣ
ҲóҩʲôģԲôɷ㣬ǵڶѧԺ˲űء
ڳĸ߲͵ʦ˳ǣλУӹòܱŮѹţŮȨ󻹲ҪŮȫԼŰαذ
ڻǵһѺûҪǮðôֱӸܣ
ȿȣȻʵǲĸϻ
С֪һҲһ˻ߣ⻹࣬Ժ˵ע㣡
ڴҲ֪ˣһĽ˭Ҫ˵䶼룬֮һҪעˡ
ʵҲôǿûʲôԣ˵ҪսְģǵðС
˵(qng)ҲĲԣУɻûȫأУݶȥѹ˼ҵˣ(qng)Ĳ
кܶʱ򣬹ģ
()

810.810 ȥҲ

810 ȥҲ
֮ǰûƭһԵ尾ͽն˵¼ܴˡ
Щι⽫ŪܣȻƵ()ϣ((Ʊ))˶ӵȫ¼ŵ̳
һѧԺݲĻ׾ӢǻӭŪһȽı⡣
ûзŽ˳ܵƵҲõڶѧԺ¼˵˲ҪţܶʱҪʿɶֹ̫𷴵
վһҪǷϺƵǾͲֻǵˣǻἤһѧԺѧǵ(qng)ǵ
ѧԺѧܣ˽ƵŵƵ϶ҲöȻǨŭ
һȥ˲Сķ졣
ԴУ֮һǰ͵磬ڸߵ⣬ȫС˵־ֵ쾡£òٺӵܲˡ
ȦϿɵ̫ӵ֮һιʲô
ֻΪӵУǲֱȥû뵽ֱҪ˼ҵ尣õķ˵ȻɲҪ㣬ʤá
ҲǺƲĵط
ѧԺһѧ˰˼⣬ܺսǿģ((co)co)ػ׵Ҳһģû뵽Ȼôˡ
ܵЩͷ۵ĵڶѧԺǱߣ˶̲סͱԹ
ЩӵܼߣǺ͵尵Ĺϵԣǵ˻صСǣ()ǲӭɵ
ŶЩ˳޵ýȴֻʱţμҵĵӻ̫ˣһＸãȥ
ȻǺ󻰡
˺һ˷̡
·ʶ׽һȺѧ˵ǰ޳ûҽǵųԣһԿŵġ
ãһ֮ǰճɱһ޵ͷһ̲סĦȭơ
ԺҪ죬ȻԵˣЦ˵Ҳȥæһ
õֵܰ˼𱻷߾һѧԺУڵɺ˲ϲоڶѧԺձǺöˣٿԼҪҪתУ
Ҳϣܾǵģðļߣȳ(qng)ͽˣ
ܵһѧԺѧżȥҲգڷ()ʸ
ãһ֤񣡡ϵЦĪĸоһɡ
()

811.811 ôôأ

811 ôôأ
һĴ£ҵȺ
ûнȥűô֣ǴԲþá
ĹܸߣһʼһȺ˳ײǽŵЩ֪롣
ν󹥻ͷһ˵İȫС
ǽҲʼ֣ʹֺ֮󣬹ͷӳһء
ʱſбȺҲᱻʰˡ
Ȼ˶࣬ʵսЩҪԶˡ
̲ףЩŻץͷһصıɱȴǰδĳɾ͸кͽ
ǵĽܿ죬֣ϾڶѧԺҪ(ͦͦ)ߵģĺܺãǾͳԿ()ɣ
ģҲûζˡ
Ķӣ()ҩźó𣿡˻ڻҩ()
Ц˵иĿζҵʱһЩҩģҲһЩⷦͼǿָʵãǳ
ϲķ()϶óԣŶоˣ
ĶӽĶԲѳԣڴϵǶٿ()
ֻ޲ʱ㣡
һᵽڶ̲ס۷Ź⣬ԭΪθҪĥˣ˭뵽ʱԵĻá
ռ࣬ŵ̳ȥ˳ҲõһѧԺѧǿ֮ǰͬѧûٰǣһλȽϸڵѧ
ղűüγȺǵ尼ʱ֣п϶ܲƣԾһսҲ˼Ͽɡ
ȻһѧԺżߣȻöԷˡ
֧ȥ
ҲǺܿ˷һӡ
ջܷ˻ɱһȺҰ()³ԱײС϶Ե()psĶ˵Կ()
Ȼ˺üƬɱҰģе尳ȥӢ°æģһѵıʬ塣
Ŀ˴ҵһξ˲սжն¼ܶƬƵĽͼȴҲܿȫ̡
ӳѧԺҲˡ
̲סĽڶѧԺĺ⣬ҲЦ˶֥鶼û񵽡
һѧԺѧ״ĲǴﵽ۷塣
ҪǵڣǵһѧԺԵƵ˾Ǳȥôôأ
һҪܶӳλãǱ¶̣λ
()

812.812 һвν

812 һвν
ѧԺѧֻͬʱҲĽȸУӵڶѧԺֶһͽ
ܿ˹֮ǰ˵ˣֹԽѧԺӵ(qng)ֻҪĺãлֽġ
һѧԺ̫ˣôǿƸ֣ⲻһ
ݻˢնˣôǿĵ尾ȻֱȥͶ˼
ǵķ룬ֻûд򵽶Ǵҷʳǣǻ
ǰĿˣЩ竾ͲϺȵģǵѧԺֲܷ֪Ҫ۶١
һ˲֪ҪϢ죬ȥҪǣҾ
ûǸ¾ͱɭ֣ô۴˼𣿡
Ͽȥ̳мҵɣˣ
̳ͣмҵƾǣҪǼҵУͱܸɾ̳мҵˣ
ڼ壬ѧУ۴ңǻܸʲô
һڲԶһԹȴһ㶼СԾ˵˵Լݻġ
ݻһȭɫʮѿǴʼҲûʲô
֮ǰһ죬˲Ҳв˵ôͲˣ
ǾۣҲǴһЩģʳҲùô˵Щʩǵһ
ݻҲߵ˼㣬̧ͷŲԶ¶Цݵνܵܣﲻ֪ǶԷ˹ôġ
Ϊľһ˱ѧǱʶһ֣Ǿֻ۴ҵĺȺ֮ôҷǣͬʱҲӳѿ
𵽴ǵãһвνȴҲȽá
ܵܵĺ()̶ȣɱιˡ
ϻһѵܹģһݲ¶ԷĴǸ˼˵а
ֻǰȷʵãȫˣҪڷϵľеķ֣ΪԷԼȶӸá
Щ˵ƾʲô˵Ϻȵģŭ̲סվ()Ҫȥۡ
ǴСǿʼûЩһ()һˮ˵ĺһ̫ˣ
δȥͱݻס˸첲嶯ȥҲûãǵӡоǺȺ֮
Ǹܵ⼸ûЩ˼룬˵Ķ˴Ҳˡ
()

813.813 ƾʲô£

813 ƾʲô£
()Щֱͱ꣬Լ޷̡
ǾͿǱǣܲˣ
ݻҧҧʣҪǾ뿪ǰɡ
⼸Ҳͬ߷߲ƽͬʱһʲô
뿪СǣȥأѵȥҰ𣿡һ̲סʡ
뿪ȷʵԲЩֵӲ̫ߣкüˣȥҰȥġ
ڿ˵ĳɼҲ⣬ǰҲǵ׵Ĵڡ
ֻǱЩﰵĳǻϺܶȣܲҲϵģ
ҿǽ˺ܶ尿ȥͶҲԣ
ݻżɫ԰׻()˯ĶѣǿȥθǲѪԺȥ»к֢鷳ˣ
Ϊ˼ˣôҲȥ
⻰Ҷɶ
ֻ䱾ķǣٻػҲûá
żּļ˵ҪĻһ㣬ѧԺ˵ܷѧԺǿɲͳ˱ȫǻ۵ģûټӷֺͼ뿪ˣ
Ҫ͵ڶѧԺǣǾȥȥǣΪǼ˰£ȻǼֺýŵľͳȥԡ
ŴҾǻһӵ竣峤еķ
һļ(qng)ʵ࣬Ȼӵܣȴڼвóġ
Ϊ(i)ɱԽԽᣬ׵˺к֡
ڼ϶ܸɵĴ磬һ˫ǳó̥ãһֱԡ
⼸ҪҲΪ˺ߺó裬ҪΪ()ôͻͲܳϲȵȡ
ƽ͵Ҳǿ˭۸˵(qng)ɱ֮¾ͳ竵Ĵ֮һǸֵĲ
ʱҲ(ͦͦ)˵ģһҪı״Ҳϣ⼸λ벻ֵһ߳
ĻĬˣҲһֲʡ
ߣͬߣȿڣﲻҪ챻ԹҪɱƾʲô£
Цһֱ˳ˣҲǵ
Ҳͷԣ߰ɣ˭Ը˭ܣ
ݻҶͬˣͷãȥ˵һȻ뿪
ãȥɣЩʶ˵˶׷ͬǲŲ챻ۡ
()

814.814 ˾ͱ

814 ˾ͱ
ݻ()ȥҵѧԺѧ
԰׵˵ѧȻҶǻ۴ңǾ뿪ˡ
ҲĴ˵ݻлģⷽҲû취ơ
Ҫ뿪ĻǵܻȽѣٿ°ɣ˵һ˵ʵܿҲ͹ȥˣȰ˵
ݻᶨҡҡͷǿ벻̣ǻû۵κξͳѣԺҪǷʲôǲǶǵĴˣ
ҲԲ۵ѧԺģԺɣһȥܿ˹ġҪǣΪ˲׼ȥ˳ˡ
ȻҪܲ˳ҲˣͷҲϣγɼܹõ㡣
ӳѾֻ̾ðɣʲô£ϵң
ݻҪǼ£϶ųԹǿ˵Ūɳ׾߶
ݻЦЦã鷳ˣ
Ȼ߻ԭأ˷˵⼸()Сǵĳſȥ
˼״̲סʣͬѧҪȥ
ǳȥʡЩѧ
һҭڨڨĵ()Ҳ̫˰ɡ
˵ǳȥҲҪϲѧԺģҪۻһ漴ֹһ䣬ݻ˶
һŭǶҪˣҲ˵㣡
׼ȥݻȴһ˵ˣģǳȥ֮ͺܿ˹룬ǵĻ־ԲǺһģҲͲһ˵ˣ
ǻ֪֮ЦЦ
ݻк䣬֪֮ԺûЩϺȵˣҵǿĳЩ˵Ĵ£ǲһ
ԷҪ˵һȤû˼ùȻǺѾһŶˣǾ͹ɣ
ǸܵܵļȻкɫ
ݻ̫ˣ㲻һŶˣ˵Ҳôɣ
ǰҲû㣡
ߣ֮ǰһ˵ʲôĻͺˣվ˵ۣһȥúȺ׳Ն£
ð˾ͱϣԺôӲ¶ߵ˵
ģǾŰǵؤҲԲǾ͹ˣݻҲһ()˵˵뿪
뿪ܶ˶¶ɿɫԺñЩˣϧһЩӵţҪȫ˸жã
()

815.815 Ҳܲ

815 Ҳܲ
ݻĵܵܿһ˲뿪ֱʧıӰ¶һЦݡ
Ҫ((Ʊ))Ͷ·üɽȥݼֻġ
һﱻĸȷʵͷ̫ˣôһܲˣҪ뿪ˡ
ԭɻкüֶ׼ˣǿϧˣ
ȻҲһ˾ýݻ((Ʊ))Щ֣˼Ҳûʲôܸ˲Ǻ(qng)
ֻҲʲô£Ҳܡ
ݻҵﲻˬ߳СǴŵıӰƬ̳ϡ
ѧԺϺȵĻˣ
ͼƬ⣬˵˼ǶǵĻ˼ǼСǺʲôѵóȥԣһ֣Ҫͬѧʳ
ֻ˵䣬Ǿֵ뿪ˣ˵Ҳ۵ѧԺҲôҼලʡĳЩ˳
ʱҲ˻صǵСǣľڷĴ滮ȫϣһЩչԼľ()ͼ򵥵Ĺӵʹá
ͬѧ۵ѧԺӡ
Щȥ˿ֻǿһ֪Щˡ
һ˸ӡ󻹲ҰǴ򵽵ĶʳٵҲҪ˵ʩ(r)
尿̳̾Ҫǣ뽫ǳûϳСǣǾȻϵˡ
漴ֵ˵ôҲܲˣֻ뿪Сǣ֪Ҫȥ
ʶ𣿡ʡ
尵ͷʶ죬ǲһȦӵġ
ʲô(qng)˵˵һԤУݻ˵Ρ
쿴óݻһ˻ǱȽĵģǵԱʧѪ࣬ĻԺº֢
û룬˼Ĵ(qng)˵һ顣
˶ݻĺȶӳ(i)Ҫʲôʲôȴ˵ɱ
ݻҲֻ֪Ժֵ()ӣܵȴǵѧԺɼȽľӢһѧԺԱ֮¶ܿ˭Ƚϳ˭ʸ̳ˡ
ͷʮ**ɱˣһв˵ʲôáϾԴʲô㣬ںܶ˿Ƿǳ(i)ˣݼҵĺܶ˹ҲΪ
ԼǧĴңԷܿ͸һȴҲкܶ˿͸
Ͼÿ趼ô񶾣ҲжԼӼŮõġ
()

816.816 

816 
ݻĺΪӪһĸ󣬶Ҳȫ(i)òУ軹裬һֶλٵӰˡ
尵ǰݻǰʱű͵һŷ˼ҪΪˣ޷ص۶أ˵ݼҪŵĴ㡣
׵ѾһݼҵӣʵҺӴΣоҲûô竣ϲԺ˵㣬˻ǱȽģҲǱԻˣ
Ͼʱˣźţϡһ䣬ϻǱȽͬ(qng)Էġ
(qng)ںҲټָݻĵͺ͹һˡ
֪ݻ˵(qng)ĸǱҲû˰æ𣿡
ûУʵҲĸҳģأȻ
ĸˣڶݼңԲΪͷģһ˸ϣ̳ܵˡ
尵ΨһܿҲֻδ޼ˣǱЩչ˲١
δ޼ң(qng)Ǽû˻ʲô𣿡ʡ
ЦҡͷֲǹѪ磬δ÷˵ĸ(qng)ܺã˵ĸǺҪõĹۡ
ݻ֮ǰݼָ˴ŵǣδ޼ͳˣŶһʱ䣬οز
СϢ˵ݼһĶҲݻĵܵܺδܾˡ
ڷǵ(r)ӲùҪδ޼ҰаæܻܲŻ˵
ô˵ݻδ˼ֺøУⲻ
δѧԺѧ𣿡ʡ
尻صûУѧԺ
ͷţ֪ˣ
ż˴Ҳûӵȥζζֲﴦһ飬ŵһ飬׼һ±ζ
Ǳ֮ǾܹСﹺһЩƷ͡εȶС
ټһЩԵζֲ±ζԲ
ϴһߣݻȥ()
Ҫûͽ±ԣ˷ѡ
ױҲСǿһУܿũĳۣʱ򲻵ԸƻʳܹһЩƻִС
˷Ȼ޷ﹺʼĹ
ȴڳеĳйֻҪѵȼֵǱҾУҲ΢ӡ
()

817.817 һ

817 һ
ȻҲôġ
˷һֱ࿴Ǳһȡʼֵȣǲܣ̫ˣǹͻᱻ߿۷֡
ص㻹ҪȥǱңʳ
СʱմźϵѧǣĨϣ尾˹
ݻ˹˵¡źϵȥĴˣ˼ˡ
⣬Уȥ
ߵյͼŵļˣôݻæվ
ͬѧּˣǿջЦʵޱȡ
Цͬѧã£
ݻҲȦӣ֪ûп̳ˣǱѧԺѧż˳һ֮¾뿪ˡ
ҿͬѧҲƵ(qng)ȻͶͬѧҺƤǹǻ費Ҫˡ
ұ֤ǾԲ͵ģǸʲôǶ
ڷǻδ޼˰չˣʵʲûг̫Ŀࡣ
ڿˣδ޼ҸﲻʲôæҲʲô鷳˼ˡ
ߵһҲѵʱ򣬵ʲ䣬ĸ׵ĳδûûԼĶܷ
ڱż㣬就ȽиͬЩ˵Ƕߵúã
ȻöûʲôȴûпȰ˵Ϊʲôġ
Щ⣬ֻµǿܻҪȥѪȴû뵽ֱͶֱӡ
˭ܱ֤ԼԶһ˳ܼʱһѣʱҲܸı˵һ
Լˣܼһﻹġ
ҪǵڶѧԺСǣҲûֻĻǵĿ˷ǻ͵ѧԺҹ뵽˽취𣿡
ѧԺѧôĵĹݻˣ˵˺ȣһֻҪûм˾ܳһģϲ
ݻ򴽣ʵڲǾ˳ˣҲǹҹʡܳɼףǱ
漴ʣôŪģ
ʵصѾ̹ܽˣ֮󽫵ڶѧԺ֡
̫СˣֵУҲڵһѧԺˣȻ˽¿϶ᱻԵȿ֮ҾתȥڶѧԺ
˵һѧԺЩĶǣֵܱҲҵˣڵҲûûζȥתڶѧԺ졣
()

818.818 ܹ

818 ܹ
ദ尶ԵڶѧԺѧӡ󻹲
Ϊôĺӵܣȼѹ߹Ķǵ(qng)Ծ˺ܶࡣ
ѧУӦѧУķΧһѧԺʹڲ⣬Խܣô˽ϣѧ϶ԽԽ
ѧԺ֮(yn)תѧģֻҪͨתѧĲԾУһ㶼ġ
Ȼѧ񣬵ҲǿǸϵѧԣֻҪԸ⣬תѧûκ⡣
ΪתУŻôĸ̹ܽٷȥϢοתڶѧԺ
ݻɴ۾ô((co)co)
尵ĻһĴţҪתУҪʲô
Ц˵ֻͨһתѧԾˣǼ˵츳ܵȼû⣬ҪȥתУֻҪúõĹһĻε֪ʶˡ
𣿡ʡ
ʼ磬ҾӦûðɣ
ݻļֻˣתѧȥƴһѣαԭѧԺ
һݻͬԣҲôģҲҪתѧҲ̹ܽȥ룬ѧԺܹˣ
ԭҶѧˣתѧԺҾͼܹѧˡ
Դȥ˵ѧԺÿμҪǸܵȣȻһĲֵ
ѧԺʦϲǣڼҲҪܾۣǸһҪֻҪԶԶĶ㿪
⻰ڵˣҪǲѧܸʲô
սֻܴС𣬵ܶսҲҪϣҪĸҪţѧҲ
Ҫ⵹ǲѧѧȥ֮ʲô𣿡
ζ˵㲻Щ˿ˣӦúúõѧԺ죬ÿʱѧһЩ֪ʶΪԼ硣
ݻһ˵ĶԣҲñ˵ĴͷԼ
ҪתѧҾȥ磬úõѧϰŬһιˡ
ǼͰɣ
Цżȥܿ˹룬ҪǱͨˣԺǶڵڶѧԺһ迼ˡ
ݻ˵ͬѧлл㣬Ķ(qng)Ƕסˣ
ҶͬѧôֻҪ¿ԣȴҪǵİţɣ
Ȼݻͷ
Ҳ˿ĵĸм治֪Ҫô졣
()

819.819 Ϻȵ

819 Ϻȵ
Χԭ(r)ֵҲޱȣû뵽ݻͶġ
˵ѧԺҪˣΪϺȵģǵȻҲҪˡ
ȻͬˣȻ̫ˡ
⼸ǶҲҲû˵ֻݻ˵ı֡
ϺȣҲֻܺ˵˵ˣǵڶѧԺһֱȣпܲٵףɲܱӰˡ
￴Щ˵˼Ц˵εĿҪǿŶӵЭҪ֤˭ǵĶǶֱǰȡһ
ǵĳɼԶԶѧԺһѧԺǾϺȵ˻ǵĶУǲ֤ʵǿ
ϣҶԼģҪ̳ϵˡƾĲŽᣬʵһأҪ׷ǿɾͲôˣҾأ
ݻС鲢ǶǶߣȼ̳ͣϵЩڮٰˡ
һ֤ѧԺݻǼǵŶӾԲϺȵĴڣһӭǰɣת½ɵĿ
Ķ˵еӭݻСǵڶѧԺʵ˿ͷơ
Ҳ˵̫еˣǽ˶ԷϺȵģǵܳɼȴѹ˶ԷǿɲõĴ
֤ݻ˲УǵѧԺԼ̫ˣûŶʶǵڶѧԺԶˡ
ڶݻ˵ĽܶȾ͸˺֮ܶ࣬ǰִ
ݻȻ竣ȴҲ֪ڰأָм˼֡
⻹ǻô󣬵һ˹˵Ҫǡ
һȭͷһܹκͰҲһҪЩۿ˵͵ļһǿǾԲǷϺȵģ
˿ʱЦˣǼȥ
Ϊ˱ʾԵ尺ݻСĻӭһ±ζҳԿģ
໣ȻԼӲˣ̫ˣ
ӭӭӲϲ
±ǰԭԹζôĶһζ
ǰݻ˷˻˵ڶѧԺ͵Լļңǧ
ǰ⼸λͬѧˣ˰ɣż
ԣʲôãʳرãһϲϵģ
ΪӲͣڳѧ˲(r)(qng)ޱȣݻе¡
()

820.820 ҲҪǺ

820 ҲҪǺ
һҪ§ţҪŻصǵĴӪݻŻع
ſյ½һľݣ洶ҶæԼ(qng)Īľޡ
ԭҲܱŶ(r)(qng)ܵ
֮ǰżǱ뿪ѧԺڵڶѧԺֱҪ̫ůϲա
ʵѧԺУڶѧԺķΧҲȷʵѧԺãѧ֮ĹĲǺء
ҲٻѧԺôż˵(qng)
Ȼ˶ĵطȫǺˣҲǽ֮ĺʺ࣬ԺԲơ
ҲǷСһֱиŬĽѧϰͻΧѧУϢġ
Ըչݻǣת()ȥŽʳˡ
ǱߵĹҲѾɣȻʱ()ߣС׽¡
ͽ尺ݻͶǵ(qng)˵һ飬ѧԺȻżǣǾͽɰɡ
岻Цͺã۹;
ЦаԽԽ(ƨp)ˣ
ٺ٣Ůѵ(ƨp)Ӧõģ˵ʵ
ָסСĴָŵȿ˽һѧԺ͵ѧԺһ֮ǰΪ
ʵҲܼЩϲ()˵(qng)ɵǣǻܶء
Ц㼪ԣҲҪǺڣ
ȻǣǾ͵ԼˣҪ۸Ҳÿͬͬ⡣
ʲôأź㣡չȥʡ
صŪ±ζ˳㽫ҩţݻ˵Ա
ͷֿҪ㣬ǰˣҶûˬء
˭뵽ЩŮʳսôǿͺŷ˼䣬תȥҪûˡ
ЦţԵ㣬⼸ˣ
仰ڣ۶࣡
ֹ˹ָϧֱֲôţúõ׽Ůѡ
Ҳָģ()飡
쿪ʼǾֵСǣȻƶʵʩ跢չƻɣҵһЩ뷨ҪһϸС
ͷҲôģ⼸Ҳˣóû¡
ǽµģ㹻ȡͺʳˡ
Ҳһֱǣడ
Ҳãȥ֮ٳʳãǾʲȥˣϱˡ
()

821.821 Ա̫ǿ

821 Ա̫ǿ
ԴӺͷȷϹϵԽԽˡ
ţ͹һӪɣżҲӦ˼£㣬ǱȽ޳ɵġ
컻ŻԣͲԵˣȻ
ʱӪǶԭʳһֱżڴУ()Ҳߡ
һõӡ
(r)(qng)ѧߣݻͶ⣬һҪ(qng)
һȥ
ͬѧе(qng)¡ݻЩ˼¿֮ǵôߡ
ɲôΪֵҲúƤڡ
Щ˼ģ֪˵ʲô
ЦŵѾΪ˵ĶרŲѪҩΣǾͳԿ()̫ϻˡ
ͬѧǶ֪Ҫôмˣݻ˶û뵽Ѿһ뵽ҿʼ׼ˡ
̲סůůƷǺã
ͬʱҲɵø̾ѧǻûпڣѾȲ³Ҫ˵Ļˣ̫ˣ
ԺҶԼˣô
Цż˵Ҫлǵ֮ǶΪŶӼ㹱׾С
һúŬģݻصص˵ͷ
ȥϢɣѾΪǼӸ˷䣬ȿǣЦЦ
ãлĻ˲ٶ˵ˣǷʵжʵڡ
ߺʼָϵѧǿʼ()
ֱĻǰҲ尺ݻ˵(qng)
[ѵʱ򣬻ԸǸһѵˣ]
[ǰ尻ãô첻ȥݻһ˾ͱȽϲˣ]
[ѧԺЩҲǹ֣ǿȫ̿ݻ˱żȻŬȥԡҲԸģ˾Ϳţ˾Ϻȣǹۿ˵ͣ]
[ǣ˭ûеѵʱΪʲôһҪô((Ʊ))˼أã]
[һϺȵģڴת]
[뿴һѧԺ͵ѧԺһѧƷ̫ˣǿŶˣ]
[Ʒãźкñ]
[ԣӿ˿ʼһֱ(qng)Ϊӳ֮λй⹫˽ѧԺˣԱ̫ǿˣ]
[ôͻȻһԤУǿҪӷˣ]
[ҲԤУһ֪ҪʳˣҪȥԵ㶫Ȼһˮ]
[ԶԣӲأҪſ±()أԣ]
()

822.822 Ǵǵ

822 Ǵǵ
尺ݻ˱ż뿪ԼѧԺ˵Ȼܵ˵ڶѧԺͶϢУУɫЩѿ
Ǵǵ
رǵѧԺУﲻֻݻ˳嶯Щϱżѧ
ΪεĿԼεļӷѾˣص㿼˵ľŶЭ
ֻҪŶúãоͻõĻ֡
һֻеڶѧԺˣ˶̲ס̾ѧУһѹѧǺá
ҪǵڶѧԺûз򣬾ҲҲȵĵӳ
ѧԺǿʤ̫ˣȴѹƲ(qng)
УԵҪתУǳķŭ׵ľǴʱ붼֪϶кܶ˵ӽ((Ʊ))ߵġ
ķһ㣬Ҫôһ֣Ҳᱻ۵
ʱҲͻȻӦúúõĹܽ¶ӣ²Ļˡ
ڻݻҲһȥڶѧԺͶ(qng)Ȼȫ()ˡ
УҲýҲΪе尵(qng)ǰһѧԺҪŪ˼ϡ
УﲻˬŷСõУҪתУ㲻ͬɣϾүүǵУҲʹС()ӡ
СЦѾˣʹС()ӵ䣬ҵȻҪѡˡ
˵ļߣϵĵһѧУΪʲôҪӭأľܣȻܴ˵Ļ()ˡζ̵ЦŲ䡣
У˺ڣĸϻǷǽ((Ʊ))ߵģˣ
һҲ֪ĸϻָ͵֣˵ˣвŮ
У״Ц˵УǵһѧԺľӢתУҲֻǵѧԺǼ竾ͲȥǵڶѧԺ˰ɡ
ҪݻתѧɹҲҪ
ȿ꣬úõĳ氲һ
СõĿһۣҲжǵ츳ֻǰܼѧУӰ̫ˣŻᱻ˵Ϻȵġ
ǵڶѧԺ()Ƚǿǵĵʦͬѧܻڷ˵㣬ֻҪתѧͨѧԺһĹۣ
һ仰ǽܻģȻûнӴǣ۹⣡
()

823.823 ˼

823 ˼
С˵ЩΪ˼УǷĵġ
˵Ǹģɲܽ((Ʊ))Ͼ·ҲûʲôǼƷҾǶûе޿ɾҩĵزܹȣ
ݻȻ竣ûЩа磬(i)ɵ㣬Ⲣȱ㣬
ԴӵУΪĸߵѧԺһЩı䣬Щ̫ĶѧǱҵȥ԰ɡ
ѧʱ͸ѧĳÿ޸Ц֣()Ҳǲ˴ŵġ
ϲԼѧԺѧǣĽǸȾףϣǱһųġ
˶ݻ˵ļ룬ˣϲڱʱ򣬳һѵ
УĻҭҭĸϻ˼ǣݻڱôǱ()ԭ򣬶ǵļ͵ѧԺûн̺ˣ
ƤЦ()Ц˵ȻˣҾͺúõĿţǵѧôݻǵ㣬ǵѧԺôЩƽֻ֪Ժֵˣ
СЦЦͶ࣬Ǿ͵ſˣ
УҲˣͬʱΪʲôУ˵ˣҲ˵ĸϻۣͨ
ڳУ߲ҲŲͬ뷨ʵѾˣҲû͸ı䣬˷ǲ(yn)κСģѧԺҪȡˡ
ֻϣܿ˹ٲҪͨ尺ݻ˵ˡ
ǲǡ
˹ͬ⡣
ͷҪǵͨУˣδֹ(qng)һ˹ٵ
һ˸ͣǰҪǿȺӣ֪Ժ᲻յס
Ҫиѧѧ鷳ˣһ˹Ҳòͨ
һƣϣΪʲôͨΪδֹ(qng)˼
ҡ¾ƱĵЦһ㲻Ŀˣ˵ҲûǵѡдһѧԺ͵ѧԺŶʶ̫ˣҲǵ㾯ʾ
ֻҪͬǵ룬ΪͬѧԮֵ֣ȽŶʶĵڶѧԺѧһ֣
֯ͳѹסӣһ֣
һѧԺԼӵȫһ֣ѧԺݰԼ콫ݻ((Ʊ))ķֿһ̷ֻ֣ŵ̳ϵ˿֣
һȥӼ֣Ȼ󷢵ǵնˣǰʮҲһˣ
˹ٶ˳ǣ(qng)(r)֣ҪһѻĽడ
()

824.824 𰡣

824 𰡣
Ǿ֪ͷеģʲôܿ˹٣(qng)̫Բ޺ˡ
ţļӼһȥƱػУѧ(ɧɧ)
ͷ㲻ǱȽϿͷ尡һʡ
üΪʲôãҿ˵ı֣Ҳֻͷ⣬ر۴ķ޿ޣ
ѵǲã
ЦȻǿõģֻǲ֪ͷ᲻Ǵϲ
ȽϳʣĹâڸ˲٣
Ц˼Ůѣ˭ʵʲôϵ˵ܿͻзʵʱżʲô
ô˵һͻȻոǽӵϢͷҪͼƻ˵ǿ޷Ž
𰡣
صǲ˶սţȺǿǰʶֱӦõġ
ҪԼ춯ҶȥץֻǿӵСǣǳʶأԭļƻԷţʡ¡
˹ٲɵΪУѧǵϲ(qng)ܿ˹٣ҲЩѧù
ĽǣôҲҪҵǴεУ˲Żúǿ޽Ӵء
᲻°˵ĵʡ
ĿһۣҵţӵȤĶȥ˻ʲô˼Ϳͷôã
ûǻо𣿸(qng)Ŷʶ˵һأ
Ҳ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣ̹ܽô˵
СǣҹĻδ٣ϼȫǣһζƮȥ˺Զ
ڶѧԺѧչãȴŽ͡
ǱһҾ;ŶӰλΧ¡
ÿһ涼һֻȥƤ()ıζ˲öӺö
ôԿ()һſ()ԭô㣡
Ҿ˵ĶӵվԲʧģȻζˮˣζ϶һ
컹±()Ӳأ;ã
һ죬ζһɨƣͰ
ҶһҪӿ죬ͷʣ¡
һȺѧһĦȭƣ׼춯
尺ݻζҲоҺϵķڣͻȻ֮ǰڵһѧԺ͵ѧԺԵֱʳ
()

825.825 ֱҪ̫ȷ

825 ֱҪ̫ȷ
ҪĻգΧһ˵ЦǢ־ܰһŶӡ
һԱż˵ģЦ˵һſԣϿ˾ûˣ
ãллѣЦŵͷ
ܿ쿾()ȫˣȫпÿ˷һ̡
ʣµľͿԼθˣθڴĶԵ㣬θСٳԵ㡣
һֵģҾȲߣȥŮ⡣
мŮսͣһ¾˲١
尺ݻһʼŲܲʳ()ȥʱͷûˡ
˾ú棬ûȴҲ̲סϲա
ҲýмӲͣÿһ±()±ļӲͣԵôüЦ
أôôóԵ±()ǰԭԵģһǼðġ
ԭʳ±ζôãǰԹһκóġ
ǡšġ±Ҳúó԰
Ķ±ζһҪȥ꣬Ի𱬣
ҪĶӿ±ζ꣬ȥŶ򡣡
˰ɣȥŶӣˣĶӼҵĳк˽˹ݣŶӺԤԼλ˶ˡ
⵹ǣŶҲָˣֻϣĶµĿ±Ρ
ԶԣҪȥɱܾԵ±ζˣ
尼Ҳͷ±()оͷóԵĿҪˡ
֮һδ±()ǰͷģҪǾԲЩֵĶ֡
ҷܵڶѧԺȷѡ񣡡尿ѾԸɾʯ̾
ݻʮͬǰֱҪ̫ȷ
˳һ֮Ҳһɨ֮ǰήҺͶδ޴룬(qng)ĺԱߵ
ܶʱʳȷʵ˷ɣ(qng)õá
ֱĻǰ˿һԵô㣬޲ڣ׷̲סˮ
[Կ()±()]
[ȥֱ̫ûˣ]
[ҾӦȥ룬óԺ±()һһ춼УֻҪһ]
[Զԣһȥȥ£]
[̫֧ˣڳԻ˵ֻܿܳԣֱһı˺]
[м±()˽˹ҲӦȥ]
[ԣܺ˱ˣ]
[ǵ尺ݻǴһͳʳһѧԺ͵ѧԺĻʳûθڣ]
[ֻ˵۹⣬()ԣ׵ģ]
()

826.826 ȻΪһڳԵҪˮ

826 ȻΪһڳԵҪˮ
ֱֻĻǰĹǾöԣͿ˹Ҳöˡ
ƱľһںˣθоգԺͣŪһݹ
ĳлڰǵСǿֵ꣬Ǹ׼ˣӦö˵
λ˹ٳ˳ǣͷȻΪһڳԵҪˮ
ǵ(qng)üҿûΥֻҪȥļ۸гۣǶ棬Ҫ֧ļ۸̫ˣҲ۷ֵġ
Ǵˣ֪ҪΰաֻĳзֵܲܿСǣȴ˵㣬ҳԵĶΪɣ
Ȼ(yn)»˭ϣҲȥ
ѧԺҲѧļҪͬĿӣֻ̫ԣҪĿ˼ż˲˳ۣԾùˡ
۴Щֻű˵ջҪĴ㡣
ĳСԭʳĲûʲôЩȴҪʲôסҩħƻµȣǿɵ
˶֪()ӣʱ򸹺()˭סֻܵͷУǻ˵һġ
˸Ҫ׼뿪һ䣬ʲô±()ͺܲûģ
һͷߣҪȥ±()ĽడͷԽԽûûƤģȥ¡
ǵı(qng)üʣô
ȿȣûû´һŪһݸ㳢˵
ǶսӵĳԱ֮ǰһϴۣΪһɵ񣬾ﵱ˹١
Щ꾫һֱţεȷʵɣµʱҲǵˡ
ܿЩǳĿˣ(r)Ҳġ
ͷԲܵеܵġ
֪˴ע⣬ҹĻٴϢֱҲŹرա
ÿ˶ֵһ䣬廹Ǵʣµı޻ǱңΪÿ䰲װϴԡװú()Ʒ
Ȼûʲô裬ȥʮֵļªɴȴ̲סϲϾͨǵͶŬġ
صһᣬ()÷ţһ뿪˻ء
СеһСƹݣױѾ档
˽̧С
ʱСƹѾһˣȫӶˣһǶƹϢɣٹһСʱᱬ
()

827.827 ʲôȥı

827 ʲôȥı
Ϊ˲̫ע⣬Ѿʼ(to)װ
º󣬸ױЦʣȵʲô
ЦˮУԼˣ
ǲ(yn)ģ֪Ȼֱˣ˷ǵļ࿴ûͣ
ΪȻҶаȫУ찲װϴԡ豸ʣµǱңͰͷȫƽˡ
Ȼÿ˷ֵǱҲ࣬ɾ͸ȴȽϺã(r)ƷҲ㡣
ƹľƼ۸񲻱ˣͷֵǱֻ򱭼򵥵ˮ
ױ֪˹ض࣬Ҳû˵ʲôϰ壬ֵߵĵѾˣʱԿҵ㶨һʱ䣬˵ͻ
˵ٹɣҲûǱҹ򣬼۸ĳ΢ϵ㣬˷̯ȥ
¿˷Ǳ˵ɡ
ױͷã
ȥСҲֱһУṩжһ۸Ҳͬ׵㣬ʡý¡
ãױʣϰ壬ǳ۵Ķֻѧǳ˶ۣ
Ȼ˳ˣ췢չСǵģóеľƻʳҲһֱġ
˶˵ʱѧҪͶľһøκ⻯һ
⼸춼ڹ۲Сľ񣬷ǵĺܲĵ׵ʲôȥı״
ױףҶˣ
ṩƷͳһ𣿡ʡ
صôȫֻҪ֤߲˹Ϲʳ㹻У()޵ԴǾͲóˣ
ǿչޣȥӹ
˵ﶼ̺źܹܳתɶõҲܺѪȣʱɹͷ()Уרų۸սá
չķͶԱгԼŰɡ
ڸױ˵ǱȽϿɵģһǲԼȥӡ
ױҲϲǵ̬ȣãǱѾ׵һҾŰǰɣ÷ţĽܴ󡣡
дЦСӵĿũĴ£һֱŬ
ˣҩţtǱûжʡ
ױЦŵϰϰ壬һһ׼
ֻжСأ
()

828.828 ʱʱоϲ͸ɾ

828 ʱʱоϲ͸ɾ
ױ򽫼tҩŲԼʵ(qng)˵һ顣
һ˺ܴķ죬˵ѾΪ绰ߺŰ쿨̫࣬ܲˣֱӽ绰תնˡ
ЦżҩŲδҲѾˣȫϰ㿼ֱĹЧӦѾѡõ棬Ȼʼװˡ
֪tͷԣȥԽӼ⼸ǷţҪ޶֣ʱΪҩŲṩԴԴϵ()
Ҳʹ˱ҩţŷЧͨļݺ̫ˡ
޺ײУڰϣܵĳϮˣ䵱ʳģġ
ﾺС಻С˱ޣҲǱɶԷʳˡ
ױｫ£ãȥ֮ת
˽˹ҪҩŵĲЩүǿһֱءΪεʡ
˵tĵ绰ˣҲǲͣе绰ղƹ»ͣĽ绰ֻʱػ
ЦֱҩŵĲҲû˼ϾҺͼtǺϵҲṩܶҩ䷽ĲʱүԿȥҩŲ
ǵȥλþԲ˽˹һѶ
漴һתҲϹ˿ˣ֮ǰÿ¶ЩԺټһˡ
ÿ£³ɹλò͵ˣԲμĩĳ齱ųרԸ˵()ҩţʳһµʱ䣬ڶֻˡ
ҩŵʳĺҩķҪ֧е˽԰()ĴҩţһҪǲЧ԰ٱ˻ҩŵķá
ʱȤĹ˿Լǩƽ֮ǰμӹ˾ͲٲμˣǩеǸҲƣתøʲôġ
¾㵽ʱֱӿɡ
Ȼ׼ҪҩˣôôҪȥûܻϹ˿ͣһá
ЩĶϣȥġ
ãˣױ۾һԽԽϲݹˣʱʱоϲ͸ɾ
ʵҲǾ̵ģģܺǰļҲ࣬ϵļѷɫǿȷһˡ
үү()()磬ĸֱȽϲСܣм䱸䵭ȱԺȴûжٹĿԡ
()

829.829 ˭

829 ˭
ױ޷̳мҵүүλϣһйɷݣֻйɷݡ
ΪĮӣȻǸͷԣ
͵ܷܵһִĸһ١
֮һ˼ǸûϢģֵƲȥͲˣɱĴҪģһ֮¾ȥսš
սŵɳ˲٣ҲԼ˵ĸ(qng)ģһиĸҲż绰Ҳ˵͹ˡ
ʹ硢֮ܵ伸ôϵ·һˡ
Ҳүӽܹо˲ũҲǱŻѡڵ۶ǡ
ֻû뵽ŶãũǳС˽˹ܾȻôõĳɼ
()Ϊ˽˹ܵĸһһʱ䣬ԽӴȽϲȨ󣬸вĺŶλá
֪һжģԼԼĵߡ
ϸ˽˹ݸ˵(qng)֪ô˼塣
ƽϵүүȻ绰ĸҲÿ춼Ҫһ绰͵ܵͬʱͻϵ
Ҫǻܳ£ﲻ֪ǲǿڵǿҪָϵ
ֻǱȽ䵭ӦûдӦǶλõҪ
ɷ񶨣ﻹǺˬģϾô꣬ûϢҲǳͷˣ˭
ϰЩԱǷǳõģΪˣ˽˹ݵĹɷݣͲȱǮ(ͦͦ)ġ
һῪ(qng)üͷ㣬Ҫгաҽƻ׽ֲ츳Ĺ¶ƶߡڻʮϵСѯʶԷũ
ҪŪֲǣʵȱĻ˲ţ뽫ĵĻȥֻ룬׼һ˲š
ױϰΪʲôľãһתͷģҲ⣡
ˣԼ˵⡣
ױЦ㲻ʲôǲ࣬ϰлͷԸ
ǲ(qng)ֻ࣬û¸ɡ
һᣬͷԼ˾һ뿪˾ƹݣױҲû
˵ٺ̸ܿͱ͵˿˹
ǲûΥ棬Կ˹ֻǽϱûʲô
߳ƹݺ󣬷ԸԳԼŮѵ֣ڽֵ
()

830.830 ܲζ

830 ܲζ
ûмŻȥǣСǵֵš
ʱڶѧԺѧʱλ磬Ҷ˯š
֮ǰǰ·Щãĵ״̬Ƚϲֵ(qng)Ҳˡ
ǣֹ֣пŮȫһˣͬѧ̲ס
ͬѧкҲֻǹ֣һ·϶ڹ۲Сǵҹ(qng)
ȥҵֹһȦȥ˵ºкƹݡ
ҾҪı䷢չСǣҪһЩ˵档
ղŸŷȥ˺һ֣е̵Ŀŵ˿⡣
Ū˲ӣһЩСŮһãȻηηģܲζ
Ͷɣ޷׸ı˿ڷ(qng)ȴܾౡ֮پ١
ͷеĴڲûʲô˿ȴʹҸҲһֱĸʹЩ
ֻ˿һЩΥΪҲҪž
⼸ȥɱı޻ǱңȴСչ̣ļ۸ֻչ˵һңѹեĺӶˣߡ
ƹݵľƼҲȽϸߣһЩΥ(jn)ƷۣЩӶ񫣬һֱﲻϵĲҩС
СľҲãҿܶƽĴ˺ӴŴ綼ãɻɳԵҲӪ͸˵ˣĲһ㡣
ĶţĲֻҫͱĽ()ݣΣдֹۡ
Сǵ(qng)ܲζ
ǰٹעЩʱսţ񵽰ǹעҲ˳񣬻ûϸĵ
ΪܶӳŷԸһЩѧ飬ԼҲһֱڹ۲죬ȴû뵽Ľ
󣬲ֻСǣҲ϶ͬ(qng)
ѹǰ˵ϵˣȽ϶ӣÿ궼вȥ
ڿֻǶӵĻΪزһص㡣
˵ǰҲû뵽(qng)ȻǿˣȻͲӲڵǸ˳
ҷĺСƹݡչ̱Ӧͬһڿƣǳ׵Ľ¢ϣȻıȡı
Ҫıȡ棬ֻѹեڰϵˡӶԼƽˡҲһֱڹ۲졣
()

831.831 

831 
ǰڵĻģҲ˿ڷ(qng)Բһⱡ
ôλεİںе̵һؽȥ()Ҳƽū
֮ǰ˵ǰ(qng)̨ϣְֵ֮Ÿı˺ܶࡣ
ܴ󣬳˵۶⣬мʮǣǰĵʡУǧİǺͻǡ
ôӴ󣬾ƵԽԽϸ񣬵Ҳܻᱻӡ
ǻãǰǾͱȽѰΣܶʱҲ()Υ(qng)
ͷʣҪô𣿡
ˣһͳһѧԺԺҪսŵȻСǵĺڰ
󣬾Ӷ˺ϰǹ(r)ˡ˿ıʲôġ
ͷſ֣ĳĸ첲ãҾȥЩ˷¸ɡ
֪һ֧Լģչȥãϱ
óĲͬȴպÿԻ
ȥ֮ϴ裬ն˾ˣ˼Ϣ
ͷ屻ӷֵģҲѧԺ֮˱۷ֵġ
˷⼸ϢըһըѧԺѧǶˡ
رǵһѧԺ͵ѧԺ۷ֵˣǲš
Ҳο˵һ۷ֵˣϲɵþûۡ
ر۷ֺܷ̣˾Ϊ尺ݻżߣжϺйأſ˷ֵġ
Ҳɵľرݰû뵽ͷβԼûгͷȥˣֻǱ˵Сͱ˷۷ˡ
Ͼûۣи()ݻһÿ
ΪݻǱ۷ֵ˲٣ҲѧԺֻܻ֣ҪһѣʱѧԺѧһݻˡ
ڸߵˣȥͶΣҲı䲻ǵѧԺѧʵ벻ѧԺˣ
Ҫݻ((Ʊ))ѧ()Ŀն˵ϢǱ۷Ҳֵõġ
ʱ־ɣݻԶ䵽ȥδ޵ļҲǰ״
ǸŮ˲Ƕݻ벻б¾ȥǸһӰɣߺߣ
۷ֵҲ۵()𺣬尾ǸȻǶ۷ˡ
ҲãǼһԺѧԺԵʦѧôѧԺȥ
()

832.832 ʲô

832 ʲô((co)co)
ݰҳ֮ѧԺѧν۷ֵĻȫڵ尵()ʱ˷ַһϢǸõļƻ
ܿ˹׼˵尺ݻ˵룬ǴڿʼһѧԺ͵ѧԺֱתڶѧԺû͵ڶѧԺҹ
Ϣ֮ǰĸ𾪣ܶѧˣȻôתУʲô((co)co)
һѧԺѧǺܶ඼ˣ尿ο˵Ȼôױ˵ڶѧԺⲻΪȥȥ
ԹͲϲŨŶУӡҲԽԽ
ѧԺѧǣȻܲݻ˺ô˱۷֣ȴҲһ
ݰôݻ˻ϺȵĴԣҲ϶˶ԷѣȥڶѧԺƯ
ڶѧԺѧޱȼû뵽Ƕ׷ױӷˡ
ͷ˸ķ֣ѧԺȴ۷ˡ
˵尵˾ǵĸǣתӲͣУ۷ˣԼ˵ĸҸСܶҲߡ
ͷ岢ǺĽͻ֣ͲµŶЭΪˡ
Ѿ׼ܿ˹ٵĴ˼룬֮ǰڶСǵĸıһ϶
ڶһ磬彫˼һ𣬰֮ǰķ飬ȥе(qng)ϻܡ
ݻģôɢԭӣǵΪһ飬Ҳ˹ȥ
ʵݻҲһ͵ڶѧԺӣ±ų⣬Ҳ²Ӧ
õ۵ģҶһͬĸо
Ҳϵ尵⣬ֻҪȥ˵С(qng)ˬ
Ǵҷ鿪ʼ뿪ȥСǵľ(qng)ͷҲ⡣
صǹ۲죬ϸĵС
ڶֱʱ˷ҲļӼ(qng)ԼµǰʮΡ
ǰʮڶѧԺռúܶ˶벻
Ӽֵ(qng)(qng)Ҳ֪Ϊʲôˡ
˷ϣУżͬѧ(qng)ֱҲǶԵģҪǰѵ׵ѧżˣǵѧԺǿӮ
һѧԺѧҲص۷ǻá
˶ôģҲһЩ˺ߣݼҵˡ
ݻѧԺѧżȥݼҵĸ߲;úܶ
()

833.833 Ļ

833 Ļ
쿴ݰȻΪ±۷ˣݼҵļҲݻĵ͸ˬˡ
ټݰĸ׵߷һûкͼи߲飬ֱһߡ
ϷһϢݼҾݻܻ壬ֵܵӵܣ(r)塣
Ϣһ߲㶼ЩˣݼҼֱǱˣƫļҵĶҲ̫ˡ
ݻżߵ(qng)ֱȻݰûг˵һ仰ûв룬ֻÿ˷۷ֵ(qng)ɵӶ뵽϶Ѳϵ
ݼҾȻ()ԼСӣݻ׳(ɧɧ)((co)co)Ҳû˭ˣ
ȻҶ֪ӣôҲԼĶӰɣĻ
ǼҾ˵ǸĸԼӳòУȶӻãҲкܴˮ֡
ݰĸȻҪάֺúԭͶѾƻˣȿҽݻŪȥǡ
ү׼״λȨݼڽйȨ䣬ݻֻҪݼҵϵǾôֵɷݡ
үӣԲ᲻ݻɷݣ˵л
ݻߣһݹȨܸӣҲ͹˲ˡ
˵ݻ׵ľߣôֹˡ
⻭һȽ㲵ױݣҲʹļףһݻ׵ģݻԺ󱻸ϳôʾơ
ٶҲԭɵһЩ˸ı뷨(i)αҪݻҪﲹ˵ݻļ⣬ֶӣҲѹôš
ݻż˵ѧԺκμ˵һܶ(qng)ҲͲݼҼϲ֮㣬ȻֱеҲ⡣
ݻ͵尼һڳе飬·ͻȻۣɫ˱䡣
ϸʣֽ˼ҵն˿һ飬ȷԼѾϳݼҵʵ
ãȻһ£ž˷оһɡ
尵˶ͬ(qng)
ļ򣬡ݼ̫صˣּҲá
ǰҲ챻Ҳó䱩ҲñɱҲñۼҲñȥȥܿˣҾȷʵãݻǽһɵЦЦ
Ȼϳˣ˵ҲͲκμɻ䣬ֱͺúõİݼҺͻݵġݷˡ¡
()

834.834 ˭ᰡ

834 ˭ᰡ
׵壬ڵݻ˵á
ݼȶԲҪΪĸױҲ˳
⻰Ժƻ⣬ʱһԾģ˵ӻԭǼٵİ
һͬ(qng)ĿݻѹôϢȻǹ⽫竣ҽڽϳ˻һֱΪǸĸʵǸȽļƵЫ
ڲϲĶ֮ˣòڵ¡
ݻû뵽尻ôԼԭɵ˲ǰҲΪǳңȴСݰĻ֪ЩҵĺһжǼٵģĿľҪһʲôóķ
ҿʼţɽҾݼ˸͵˷ǣδ޼Ұæ֮οˣһزء
ͬ(qng)˭ᰡǰֻǲм
һѶĸ춼ϷЧȴԤϵĺãҲװһװ
˵Ҳû٣˱Ҫϡ
ֻ˵ԼΪ²űȥǣǱġ
Ů˿ұҲûʲô
һķ߷߲ƽ̫ˣ
ݰѧԺѧżߣ־Ȼ壬϶贵˲߷磬ѹ˼Ҷ˵˺Ϳ϶кɫǻ谡
δҲ̫˵ɣôȲ𣿡
ݻ̾˿үүҪ˵йɷݷ䣬()ΪǲǱ棬ҲøҷһЩɷݵģôݼң
ҿѹֺôĽϳţ(qng)ҪĹɷݰ
Ϊֵܴ򱧲ƽݼһһأ()ΪȻôҪ(qng)̫ˣ
ݻ̾˿ЦˣȻĽ壬ôҸףԺûйϵˣҲ˵ʲô
Ҳ̾˿Ϊˣû£˼ҲûʲôԼֲǲܻȥ
ݻͷұȥǾѾͣпͿʼѧˣǽûҲûʲô
żֳݵ˵ĶӲҲǱϾ˹ϵģôǿҪѧϰ
Ͷˣ尷ݻ˲ȻˣתҲȽϿ졣
ֱֳȥݼҲŻĶݼҼһŮ˳ӣ߷һ޶Ӷ
ᣬȴӲǼҺ᲻һᱻ()治˵
()

835.835 û

835 û
Ǹ裬ٳȥװĸͺú裬Ҳ϶ûˣ̲׵ġ
ֱҲݼ˼⣬ݻôܶθڣȻˣԷôģͲÿ
Ҳû£˵˷ãҪֵĿռ䣬벻Ч
Ȼֱȫըˡ
ܶðͺ̲滣Ҿͬ(qng)ߣݻ(qng)˭õù
ҲвͬݻԼĲãŻᱻϳȥġ
ͱ˻ȥҪӷ˴ǲǾֱӸϳˣ˾Ӧø
˵ݻ竣ҲԼѡ񰡣Сͱɱ(i)᲻仵
ھ־ĵ䷶ݻ˵ҪѧϰҲ˿ͬһ(ͦͦ)
Ȼ޷ϵ棬ȴֱڷǸ㱨Ϣ
ݻ(qng)һʱ֪ˡ
ݼĵˡ
˵ݻְ䡣
ݻߣֻ˲ѾǵڶѧԺˣֻҪݼҸӣҾͻʳ
ΪǵͷģҲ޷ĻϿĿж˵Ļ
ݻ()һ˿ůллǣ
δ޼ңͷ˵ԼҪŵˡ
ļû˵ʲôһоڲУȻ˰ʾ
۶ǣݼ֪ʱҪֶؾѾˡ
Ҫݻڵ۶ͽץĿڻأɾˡ
ǹٷֱƵݼȻһ壬ȴҲֻ죬ôùٷɾ
˵Ѿȥˣ϶ˣǽ;ͱΡ
ڶĨݻĺ裬Ҳܵ˲˵İۺͱӣ֪ô¡
Ƚӵݻ׵ĵ绰ʱûˣ
Ǹ˲һϲ˵ĵôֱʱ˵Щ
ˣֱˣ⻹ôϲȦ죿
ݼҼҲ޲ýݻȴûа취ֻܷһƵ
һʹļ׵˵ݻ̫ˣ̻ˣȻڮףһֱһԴĺ裬ֱ̫ĺơ
ͬʱɹЩݻն˺ŵת˵ȵȣ˵ȥҲΪ£˵ݻϷܵŮʲôġ
()

836.836 ת

836 ת
˵ҪݻĻҲỨѴԴˡ
ܵľһ˼һֻǣ
һúܶ˶£˵Ҷݻ⣬ÿ´˻Ǳҿɲ٣ܵ㻨Ǯĺü
رȥǰһʱ䣬˻ǶһǱңôҾݻ˵ѡ
Ҫ治(i)ôãɱҲôǮɣֱǰǡ
ҵϷܵδޣҲ̫˰ɡ
ֳݼҵȥʱݻδ޼Ҳһ
ԭЩÿ´ݻ˻ǮȥίкʦģµľŲᱻͺˡ
ÿ´Ҳܱ֤ӵ棬һֱݻ꣬ʣµһ()˻
ݻܵԴҲĸΪ׼õģҪʦලݼ˵ˣ˵ݻġ
һǮͺ趯ˣǾһȦ(to)˵ݻ˻ᣬʽתߣȻȥ˷ǡ
ڵϷܵŮѸ޻̸֮ݻδվ˵ĸŮĪϷļ
ʱǸŮһ١
ͬʱҲ¶ݼ˽Ǽ飬Ҫ˼
ҲϣݻĵܵȢȴܾˡ
תóԹȺǿĶˣû뵽ôĹϡ
δ޽ŻɹСʦݻĸǩĺԼԼݻ˵(qng)ȷʵȱ˻ͬǰʣµǱȫתˡ
ת˻λλд֡
ԭҪؼݼң˲䱻˹
ǰֱһ칫˾ΪżᱻˮڣԼչһý幫˾
ԽӴĶ࣬Ҳ֪ʱ̫Ҫˡ
ݼҷ˹󣬾ȥеõ˺Լݻδޡ
ֻҪи(qng)ȻΪݻ˵ҲݻȻ˱ѣ(i)Ůûб벻վΪԿݼҡ
Ǹý幫˾һ࣬ݼҾͳ׵ıȫˡ
֪ôģЦűɵƯ
Ц˵Ҫϱ̵з
ݻһֱڹע£Լն޷ȥ鿴ȴܺ˽衣
Լʱǳߡ
()

837.837 ¶ĸǻ

837 ¶ĸǻ
žͿ˷תδΪԼжѡ
ֻǺԼ˵δ޼ܵĳ֤ݵģ֮ǰĻ̲סмѡ
û뵽ԷٶȾȻôΪԼȥѹֵҪ˻죬ҲΪ¶Ҫˡ
ݼңǲŹģ
һţܿͱϱܿ˹١
ûоˣ
ȻԼˣѵ۸ȥ
ѧԺ˭ֻҪ(qng)Ӱ쿼ˣͿҲûжĹϵ˷ǲܵġ
ҪǲϹأӷء
ѾСǱʻ⣬Ĵ̸ۡ
ڶѧԺѧȻҲ˵̣̲סݻһͬ(qng)ģҲ̫ˣû뵽Щ(r)ӣҲûôù
ǵݻػغ󣬷ֵڶѧԺѧǶ(r)(qng)ˣҲϲķΧ־һҪŬתѧɹȻ׷ͷ塣
ͷ嶼û뵽ǳͻݻһѣջһ׷֮ġ
СǵİţСҲͬǡ
һѧԺãѧ˵֮Ҳ£˳ݼҡ
жǺӵܣ衣
ѧԺѧǱϢըöˡ
Ҳ˿ݰʱһָӵĿ⣬û뵽ݼһˣݰĸôЫĳô
ٺԭϵˣҲ˼롣
ݰ֪ºˡ
һߺݻ˵һ־Լĸ̫˵㣬Щ
αҪֽ壬ʱֱӷǣûһͨѶߺǱң򼸸ɱȥҪ˶Է
ʱֵĹȨǽܼ̳ܵС
ֻŭҲûã(qng)Ѿն޷ϵֻ취ŤתͬѧĿˡ
һʱȥڶѧԺӳȥСǵ½
ÿһ˶շ˵ģһܣȻ󽫲鵽ļ¼ʱ鳤ȥ
Ϊûԣ֮ǰı޶ۻǱҷңһʳõĶӪ
ǰҲǳӪģԴӳǰһӪûȤ
Ҳ֪ޣֻûûζһ߳ԣһ߻źϵͬѧ
ͷҲû⣬һӪͿʼ֯ᡣ
11Ҽ~~
()

838.838 زԵ

838 زԵ
ǰ棬Ÿܽı˿
ǿʣʲô𣿡
ϸĵСǣҶ˴ںܶ⣬رǺ￴һЩ(qng)ﲻζ
СǵľñһȫѿأҪ콨Ļǿ϶֡
ǰҽ쿴һӶڵһƷʲҩݣӲıչѹһļ۸ˡ
ǵʱѾ˳ǵʱȥʰЩһ٣ֻ´ҶӳǵļƻڶѧԺ鷳ˡ
˵̧סһЩҩˡ
ҽ컹ܶСŮСˣͱЩ˳򣬼ֱû()
ǰǲ̲סˣЩڣҪչı䣬Իᱻƻġ
Ҫźõһȥı䣬϶Ը⣬ֻѹեСˡ
忪ڵⷽ棬ҺѾ̶һƻȥ˵˵ġ
űʼǱͱ̧ͷʣСж˿ڣ¶ʲôȽǱȽͣŮٵıԼǶ٣ЩǶе𣿡
ô˵˶£ǻûȥصȥעеȵطˡ
ѧԺȽϸĵҲУǽ˳
˿ڴԼʮң֮һ˺Ӷ󣬲˾ͳɼҵ
ǸŮƽڳнһЩصǴ˺ӶǴҩġ
ҲӶ׳ͶСǻ˼ӹǺһЩŮڼӹɻʲ߹ȴֻܴܽ±ҪǮ̫ܡ
ʣµľ˺ͺӣֻһѧУѧ˲Ǻܶ࣬˺ͺҲҪɻ
ŰϺܶ˶ﰲҵĺڻ˵ն˶ͨǱ߸߼۰ģȻֻ࣬ҪܳԱӣǾָܼɻ󲿷˶ǱȽڿġ
ǵĸزԵȣǸѹեԽԽˡ
˵꣬ͳƵݽ
һ飬󣬡ĲԺҶ෢ɢ˼ʱʱע۲죬ҪһЩСĵطֻЩڣǲ()ƻ
ãԺһעģ
ܶûȥЩ˷׷׵ͷǰҲûо飬ȴѧˡ
()

839.839 ʲôأ

839 ʲôأ
ֵڶѧԺѧռ͵(qng)඼ˡ
ǿʣԸղŵ(qng)ûкõķչӣ
ǹ߻ǿԼѾˣ뷽
ڳС鶼˼ƻֻ֮ǰܶ඼ǸģҪǲ˼ƻ϶øġ
ҽչ̣ѹեӶǵҵҩݼ۸񡣡
ӹʵҲԼ죬깤Ҫ
ҪȥˣԸһȽѧУЩѧ
˵ţתתȥҲԭĻı䣬ҲҪʺͲѹեΪ
תתеıʣҵĵ飬ǼҼӹʵΥģӹ˽()ӹʱ˲ٵӼ()кġ
ӪӹҲںܴ⣬óõ()ӹͬӼ
Ӽ֪ӹĲ䷽ӪҲ
ǳ۵ǲͨⲿŵģİǵȣӪ˾Ĳ٣ȶչԴôܱ֤ӹӪǻأ
˶˵ҼӹʵСǵ˲û̫ĸı䣬ҲֻǸһЩǵ滷
Ķ˵Ķԣ֮ǰ̫뵱Ȼˣû뵽ӹȥҪ(qng)кĳ⡣˶Լļ򵥣ʵ((co)co)ȴס
ӪǾ͸ˣ˵Ҳû϶֮ǰļӹһ˽ʲôġ
ŵĸֻҪСǾĹʴȻȥˣɴӱϿòûı̫ࡣ
ǸôأĶǰɡҶһֱ飬ƽٽӴЩ棬ûʲô顣
ϵʣҲΪ˼ۻ顣
㲻棬żӹǵĹʣ취ǶһЩգȻƹȥ
һļ˵ǼȻҪСԼеľı䣬ǾͲֻµʱ䡣
ǿ꣬ӹ˭ܱ֤뿪󣬻᲻ںе֣ѹեǣ
Ļνĸıʲôأ˵Ầ˲ˡ
()

840.840 統ͷ

840 統ͷ
ϾµĹʴˣͷٴαƺֽصԭ״
ûжԱȾû˺Լı𣿡
ѧǶ¶ַ˼ɫ
˵ǻصԭ״ϵôƱػһЩ⡣
ҲҪܷЩֵɲͣҵʼδȫʱСҲǷģȴˣܶ˸
ԲҪƬȥŸı䣬ҪӸ()֣ǿ֮ҲܱǼȥ
ǼȻҪıСǺСǵľǲӦø𵽵ףǺúõ룡
Щûо飬ҲֻǰҪѡ
ҲһЩʵ£һСˣԿǵĸȫ档
⻰úܶ뵱Ȼѧ統ͷȣΪǿǵȷʵֻθı䣬ûȥ֮СǺСǵľô
ʮ**(qng)⣬Ǿˡ
Ķ˵Ķԣ֮ǰǵ̫ƬˣǾˣ
̲סʣӦô㲻أĶǡ
ǰĶȫˣǰɡҶ۾ķ׷׿
ûӣʵʳԪչ
ɭ־һ⣬ǲ˷ˣʱԽһֳһЩҰץֳҰҰáҰȣֻҪ()ʺø
ҷСǸĻĵʲʱԿѳ߲˵ȣƽ˹СǾ⣬ʣµľͿιҰޡҰ޲йÿԼӹϣߵľǴȻ޹·ߡ
ҲԽһҩķļӹЩԭͻҩĵ˹һЩֹѪͨ䷽ǰæϵҡ
һ׼СƷһǲ⣬ҲһֱԶƷ˵󡣡
ǿԴⷽ淢ɢ˼άÿСöһеķ
ʵ벻ͼһ룬ȥʵʩʧ˾ܽᾭŴֻҪЭһȥı䣬һСǱ÷١
ˣҸղ˵ĿֳĵֲʳĵȣǿΪԼСļƻȻȥʵʩȥռιͿָϷ鼮ѯһЩо˵ȡ
()

841.841 Ȼô

841 Ȼô
ÿüƻ֮Ƿʵʩ()ȷּƻʵС
ǵ˶࣬Ҳ࣬Ȼһͳƣѡе£ʣµ˺ҼɽȥԺҩ׬ǮάǵĻ
ĻҲŴҪСƷл
Ѿ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣ
еĶƷҶ֪ÿ쳬һ˵ˣȳŶƷרȥģӦ
ܶ˶֪ŵʱڵĶȴûƷҪûеźǼٵġ
ɳ̫ˣǰȥŶӸûпԳԹƷޡ
Ʒܻ˵Ҳвȥ糬Ŷ
Ը⣬㲻ԼӴǽ䷽ȥҲһǮԼƷӹҲԲ϶ǹӦҲ׬
ھȻҪСǵ˭ô󷽵ġ
ĶӣҪƷ˻ǲŵʡ
Цǰǹŵʱڵһʳģƹ̫ϧˣҲϣһ˶ܳǻĵĶƷ
֮ǰ뷨ˣһֱδʵԣ
ǰǲ磬ʲôûУļһԻ취Ǯ
ȻҲȱǮҲǸʱʲôҪ̵棬׬Ǯδü
˵ǮԶģ˵ǮԺҲֻһ֣Ҫ(qng)
ĶӴ壡
ǰĶ󷽵ģҲ
ڰЦ(qng)ˣ
ˣڿʼֹǵļƻһ()ȻͷС
漴ʲô֪˶͵ڶѧԺһģȴãϣǽ˵ĻļƻҪй¶ȥ
ĿɨɨһЩˣҪ֪˭й¶ƻȥѧԺǾֻܱǸˣﲻͽ
֪һЩ˴()ǻýε(qng)һ
Ƚ˵ǰ棬˭Ҫй¶ˣҲ⣬ϾͲ˵©ڵ(qng)ֲǼС
Ҷ׷޳ɡ
ԣ϶й¶ѧԺ֪Ҫģô죿
ǣµ(qng)ǿ϶ɣ
15~~~
()

842.842 ס

842 ס
ǷĵҪ(qng)ûôҶ˵ͽɢˡ
忪ʼѡκʵѧ׼һϸļƻȻȥСĶ
ʣµһȥɭѰҩݡ
֪ΪֱĻĻǰըˡ
[찡ȻҪСƷ޳ģ̫˾ò˼ˣ]
[û뵽˵Ҫ(qng)ֻ˵˵Ҫʵȥ]
[ôҲûˣ˿϶׬ǮֻҪŻҪһų߼]
[࿪ӹҲ϶׬ΣŶ;²˳ɵζڻζأƷԲ]
[ǰȷʵ˵ҪСҾͿ֮ǰЩ˵˻˼˵˭֪ҪʧǱҡ]
[ЩɵĻ˭ǾĽ]
[ǰҲô󷽵˴ڣȴˣ]
[Ʒ(r)üģжһУЩԺ󶼿Աˣ]
ٶӮ˸˺øУ֮潫ƷķСǵˣɱȾһǱҹȥƵĸֵóƵ
㲻棬⻰˵̫ˣ
ܶ˵ŹȴѾסˡ
ҪСǵѧƷƱҪѰ򷽺ٲжҪˡ
˵Ǻܶԭϰ壬Ǽt֪£ԼȥǿŰš
æҩŲ(qng)ʱ鲻ʱȥȥš
ҪܰԲСϵĶƷƳһЩ²ˣϹ˿ǿ϶˵ģÿ
ϲԶƷͷ˵£ҲöŮȥϿܲǩһڳԼʱԵˡ
ǷŰǵķɴԭļ쿪һˣһһˣǰСס¶ء
ٵ۹۹ĺܶϰʵܶģֻϧȥǿŰǻҪ뾳ȣǹȥǶȻ
һ˽ɽֲ˲ٵıޣҩҲժ˺ܶࡣ
ЩӶ˶ǳűȽֵǮĲҩȥѰҲժ֮()ϣͽҩĵֲԵɽ·ʱ
ֲоϵͺϵѧرˣһǽҩ()͹Чȡ
Դ֪ʱ磬Ҳϸ
·ͻȻͣ˲1730ҰȡдʮϷ~~~
()

843.843 Ǳ

843 Ǳ
һߵһɽȣֻ߽֮Ȼ֮УžͿɽ￪ʻŽʮƯ
ݻЩʻͻȻ۾һĶӣ˵öԣǸ󱦿⣬Щʻͺá
ôʻҲ⣬ô˵Цʣ˵˵
ԽЩʻƳϴԡ¶ۡݻЦ֪ϴԡ䷽
һ֪ˮ䷽һ䡣
ΪҪͷ죬ʲôǲеģͽΨһó˵˳
۾һˮϴԡģ
Сʱⷽ(ͦͦ)Ȥʱ̹һЩֻǺ֮Ͳˡ
Цż˵䷽µģڷûµʱ£ϴԡĳɹˣˮΪûרҵѧʧˡ
ݼһ߻ױƷϴԡƷ˾ĸҪˮ˾ĸⷽ츳()һʦֻϧȥ̫ˣһܳΪĵʦ
()ⷽҲϲֻǱֺԺ֣ҵһоȻԼڵϵ츳Ƚϲ
û뵽ݻе츳ǼҪӪľǻױƷ飬費Ҳ϶(yn)ѧԼѧҲɹˣ˵ⷽ츳
ĸµ䷽ר𣿡
ʣҵ˼ݼùǲȨ(qng)
ݻҡҡͷûùĸȥǶʱоģҳʱʦŽҵģҾͷ䵽˷ǣûüЩ˺ȥ
ݼҳ壬ȻҲܽ䷽ǣС(ͦͦ)õģĸҲӦûˡ
ĶԺǻˣЩߣóƷķҲһݹס
ó棬ЦŵͷðСһϴԡƷķʱ
ˮĻȽϸߣûרҵļԱ֧ŲС
ݻЦҲôģˮûдƷ۲ãϴԡƷͲͬˣҵˡ
뷨Ŀͽ㸺ˣֻҪƻͨǾͿʵʩˡ
ֻҪĺãݻ׾ǵ㷽ļ˲ţպ뿪ױƷ˾أû뵽Ǳˡ
ݻһαϿϵЦһôʧġ
()

844.844 ˭أ

844 ˭أ
ڶѧԺѧ벻˵ĴҵɵЩĽݻ
ݻɽȵʻʻܶ࣬ǿò꣬Ҫǻʲô͸ˣ˷ѡ
ѾʣµʲôˡЦ
Ҷ׷׺ĿȶݻϴԡƷȤ˭Ķء
ŴҶԼЦż˵ʻ
ʻױƷȣ;ȽϾޣ֮ǰͲûʻ
ʻɱ˾
˵ʲôСֵģĶܽҩҩţѵͲܽʻɱ
ǣĶ˵϶
ȿȣֻ̫ˣû뵽ʻɱǰڵ˲˼ͷ
Ц֪Ͼ沢ûʻġ
ˮһЦĸ첲ĶӣǾȥժʻʻô
ԭϲԣԴӺһ󣬸ȫ˳ͷβĳԻ
۾Ҳˡ
ǰĶӣǾ˳ɡ
ҶʻܺأĶӾǵĺİɣŪ㳢
Ķӣʻһܺó԰ɣ
˵ĿЦã濾豸ʲôûУ϶С
ǿȲժȥɹɣýıȥ(to)濾豸
ҲάҵʻۣȻóһѣľͶȥ衣
ûǱңֳƷϴԡƷ˾û취
˷ɲΪз֧ԮǱңʲôҪԼ
ҪԼ󣬲ſڵسȥġ
ôһ˵ҲŷӦǻûǱȥʲôġ
ЩѹƵľ񲻿õóÿԼС
ãıϣܰˡҶͬ⡣
ʱһתתɻһʣĶӣ֮ǰһֱ˵ʲôģܲһ⣿
֮˸ɻ治͵ȴʱĿƣ϶ѧԺ˽º
ɫĵͷʰɡ
ЦʣĽɹˣǲȨ˭أ
ǳǮΪСǽ뿪Ҫи˰ɣҸҲǹʣôôأ
ѵ˭ĳ˭𣿱ҪһƷǲǽ̻Щ󣬲ȨҲģǿ뿪Ҳɵ˾Ӫأ
()

845.845 û뵽

845 û뵽
˵İǿЩ췽ȫҪΪԼıһ
δشֱĺܶ˾ͳˡ
[Ҿ˵ôô󷽣(qng)ҪŪƷ˽]
[ѧǴѧһŬʱֻýһЩȨǵû棬ȴʡȥǰҵءҹ˵鷳]
[ȫǲñ˸״򹤣()õ棬ܹӮô󷽵һã]
[ѧ̺ͨ˾ǲͬҪ˷еè壬Ҷ˽أԭˡ]
[̫ʧˣû뵽˽ľȻôء]
[ֻǵ뷨ѣʲôû˵Ǳԩˡ]
[ǣǲҪߵǷǺڰףŲˡ]
[ʵǰǲϾˣ]
[ǣڱ˵Ҵ˵Ҳϣȴı䲻˽̫صʵ]
һҪʲôû뵽˵ӣһ¾ʵĺڵ㡣
ķ˿żôƣֻ(qng)ԾͺЩ˺
ɭѧԺѧ˵Ļ˶üͷ
ദ⼸죬ǶҲ˽⣬ˡ
Ͼʲô⣬ֻҪȥĻش
ҲһСɻ󣬵ǲ˼
Դӵ֮ܺĵط
ʵ⣬ҲͿǺˡ
ʵĺܺãԭ㲻ʣҲ׼˵ġ
ҪСǸı䣬۽ʲôǰڵͶǴһŬģ޳͸СǵľҲֻܼӪȥᱻռ(qng)뵽Ȩ⡣
ӿռóһõĲ߻
һв뽨ѧչֵɣݻó䷽ϴԡƷܶһЩɷݣѧƽ֡
뿪֮󣬿ƸרŵְҵרŵĲ˾ˣÿ³˵Ĺʺ͸⣬ʣµӯͰÿ˵ĹɷݶһǱңÿ˵˻С
Ͼû˭Ϊ˭޳µʱҲͶܴѪ;ĳӵһݹȨҲģ֮Ҫջ񡣡
һַȿ˽СǵгӯڵڶѧԺһᣬְͬҵרҵĲ˾˶ɷݣÿӯǮȫᡣ
()

846.846 ҲͿԱ

846 ҲͿԱ
˿ҵɫ
ȻİǣҲûǮȥͶʣ׬ȡǮͬᣬ()ѭ
ԳɼͥѵͬѧÿóǮ轱
ҵȴ뷨ͬѧԽҵύᣬרҵʦ֮ΪУλͬѧܴӻ봴ҵ𣬶һޣ׬Ǯ֮󻹡
ÿóһǮȥ¶ǮҽεˣҵҲܻ룬ƶѧУȣֻҪǱҪ˻()ϼɡ
ΪĴʼߣÿ˶ȨලÿһǮһ֧Ҫϸԭ򷢸ÿһˣ֪Ǯĳ
Ҹ˱ȽƫڵڶϾܹˡ
Ų¶ʧȻҸµѪ˿˵ĳɼ⣬ҲӦһЩı꽱ŻǸ̵ĸܵԼȥĳɾ͸С
ѡڶһҲΪһݣҲѡһõ水յһ䣬ÿ¶ֵܷĺ
ҲܵҸĻ()ҸǾúܲġ
ƷʻͲˣ水յڶʵС
ĻЩ˵Ϊ˽ĽҲͿԱˡ
ʥĸԸ⸶Ҫű˵ڮٻ߲¼ɣԻװ̯˵ã
ԭЩʧˣĲ̲סˡ
Щ˴Ǽ̫ͥõģÿѧѿ֧͸ͥ˸ÿֵܷһʺǽҪѧϰϵĴ⡣
ҪᣬεĴҵ飬кõӣҲȥ룬ԴҶкôΪҵһౡ֮
ͥ(qng)ҲˣϾͨԼŬõֺ죬ǾýҲøĸй⣬ܴ˽Ǯ
ȻĶƷóֹɣҲΪʲôҪ
֮ǰͱͬѧҪռȨˣȫϴԼ
ҲܴһԶ˳ŵҪҪöƷֹɣȻ˶࣬ÿµķֺԲ
ҶҲ˲ֻû˵
ͬʱҲмôΪ룬ϾڶѧԺѧͥеֻзֺջǻиɾͻ()
()

847.847 ôôأ

847 ôôأ
ֿ˿ˡ
º͵Ц˵ǻȥ£ǾͶƱķʽһʱӶ
ϾһûиҲȨΪǾ
ȻһиõĽҲŵִС
Ļž;ȫվڴҵϿǵģҲרȨô
Ҳ벻ʲôõķˡ
в̾ôôأ֮ǰʹûȥ뽨Ҫô졣
˵ģû˭޳Ϊ˭£ΪҪı佨СǣӦջҲ
һԩͷĸоʲôӦӦõľͲȡˡ
ﷸЩ°ܣֱȥӼã˵㲻ʵʺͿС
Ķ˵ķͺܺãҿ벻õˣ
ֵ֧ڶǲֻΰСǵˣܰˡ
ԣһ뵽Ժܰˣ߰ϵľҾ̲סֳɾ͸УȻǻû׬Ǯ
ҶԼûжģҶĶģһ׬Ǯϸı佨Сǣһܰˡ
Ǽ֧ӵĶӣѾϿˣȫһֳݵɫʡ
֮ǰ˽û뵽ȻӦԷ˳
Ǿ˵Ϊ⣬Ųɵý˽ŪɹҵĽ࣬Ҳٴˡ
Ͼеķղ飬˵ļһģһ
ѹֶ˵ѶԸǰã̵ĸоڿû񵽱ˣԼ˵ʹࡣ
ҪΪ˼£ԭжڹƾи˳ɣˣ
һҲƯմڰǽĳֻΪڶѧԺŪ˸Ŀúڳѧ̲סˡ
һ뵽Ǹ˼׻òһѧԺǼ˵Ļִѹ
Ҳ˺ôŻģиĺôֲóѧУȻѡߡ
ֻǲ֪Щ˻᲻Źʱ̲ס֮ǰǱģŻӦЩˡ
ֻԭѾѧԺϵѧȺҲھҪҪȥٶ˺ڡ
()

848.848 ţϿ

848 ţϿ
˵֮лǷݲ߻
˷ľͷ߻ɨ裬ȫͶӰֱһСڡ
ķ˿Ǵ˿żȻûʧ
[Цÿδô죬ôţ]
[Щ˵˽ص˺úõĿԼʲôˣͽҲʲôˡ]
[ǣ÷ˣ˵ûҪմְռνκγû˽ģΪѧԺͬѧ롣]
[ǰЩ˽С˺ͺӣһֺķڡҿ̫Ӧˣû˭ʥĸֻ󸶳رͬѧ£ȻҲлر]
[ԣʷֺ죬ܽѧѧѺ⡣]
[СǵĿ⣬ͬѧ⣬ôôôأ]
[ڶѧԺҲǳܴѧԺһ]
[ǮȻҲܰˣȫһټð]
[ǿɳչ̫ˣôģôôѧأ]
[԰һѧƺŵ֮]
[ҵϱ̫׬ˣ]
[ò˵ڶѧԺôŮͶ۹̫ˣ]
[үүڼЦˣ̾ԭҲеô]
[̲ס뿴үүЦ¥̫ˣ]
[䣬˸ϱ]
ֻķ˿һĳޣܶ·˼׶Ϊޡ
ЩҪ߱ʵˣֻٴαϨҲðˣһ־ͱɹ
ķ˿ǻķͼԼŷԴ˵ƵҲһСƵһvŷŵǲϡ
žȥޣҵ˴ӷӿʼȫȥˣлүӵҲ½ޡ
ܿٷǲȻҲޣ˵֧Ͽġ
ҲԣôõķϿȥִеĻҲ̫ϧˡ
˺ǣ۹ٷǲޣٵ۹ʵ۵ĹٷǲȻҲˡ
һˣţ((Ʊ))Ȼٺ۹ٷϿɵޣʷ϶Ǻз(qng)
۹ޣҶ⣬Ͼ̫Ǹɽãٵ۹ٷҲޣϹܶ˵۾ˡ
ķ˿Ǿըˣһתô֪żжٷĵޣţϿɰ
2130~~~
()

849.849 Ǿܣ

849 Ǿܣ
ϢһΣСԭƽﾡǹʣòҲȾһŨЦ⡣
û뵽ȻԼôľϲ
УУɫͲôÿģֻڻܳ
붼ֻ֪ҪС˵Щ潨ӯڵڶѧԺһ֮ǵһѧԺ͵ѧԺ϶ҪܲСӰ졣
ҵǴϿʹƵ(qng)ˡ
˻ᣬڶѧԺûһǮĺ£ôǾ̯أ
رǿŵһѧԺ͵ѧԺܶӳϣȻһӱһͺѷڣǷһܹѹסӡ
˼ҶѾý跢չƻˣ֮ķˣѧԺѧСǶûȥ顣
ǰһֱԼѧ㣬ôһԱȵڶѧԺȴܵһٵı˺
رǵѧԺԺƼֱ޷
УģЦ˵٣ѧԺݻʵߵĿϧˣҪǻǵѧԺָϴԡ¶䷽Ƚһ
ﲻˬǲĸϻԱһ֣¶Էġ
Ȼôһ˵УˣƳУһۣڵǻûзӳƣǵһѧԺ˲Ҳܿϧ
УҲһһ
ͬʱֽһ飬Էñʲôõķӣġ
˻ģСõ(qng)ãЦŵҼôôأ
˵ˣԺҲͲ((co)co)ˣϾο꣬ǺѧԺҲûжϵˡ
ĿĻϣЦǺúùѧԺ(qng)ɣҿѡ˸ܶӳҲûתãˡ
ʱ֪жϺȵѣ֮ǰҲ˼Ƶ尣ݻϺȵģȻУ洫ûûƤ
ƽ˵һͣǾͼˣղǺ˭أô
ߺߣϼһĽɣ
ͬʱ˳˳ǣ˭˭ˣôĸϻֶǣ
˶ûȥΪӮֵҲ򲻹͸ˡ
һѧԺ͵ѧԺ߲ɫҲÿ
رǵһѧԺǻǵһУ󣬿ڶѧԺ߲زסЦݣǾܣ
()

850.850 ɲʲôƲ

850 ɲʲôƲ
ȥɭԣҲûеԥֱӴȥǹɶˡ
Ϊһжֱһʱ䣬öԷ׼Ҫ鷳ˡ
Ƿֱӳȥ˵ºУԷֱͨѾ³ڶѧԺѧǿˡ
ϾҪǸûǵͬʵʩЩѧҪıСǾǾǺԣƻǵ档
ǵļλͷĿټ˿ᣬҪν鷳˵ǣȻ˳ɹֱ֮ߣЩѧҲڰ¡
˭֪δһԣ˾ͳ˽ȥȻ˫ƴ
Է弶ߣûûǣסûסһ
ȻûжþͻףǷսǸǵģǺ궼ںһ㣬ܿͽһ
һЩѲǱܡ
ָ֮Ϊѹôã˲٣оȼҲˡ
˾ļӳ֣ҲˮɵĽ뵽
ȻûжþܣȴҲӳ˲٣һ()ͷĿ
Ȼֻļߣл׵ļӳ֣׵ԽҲûöþͽ˽
ܺսϾҪսģ̫սҲա
еûκηֱӱһˡ
ҲмѧˣڿɽܵķΧ
ִͣĶ˶ԷչͼҼӹ
ֻнԷһӴżQҲǶġ
һʱ䣬еĴСĶ˴ֲ
ǶĿɽ֪ȴûκҪص̻߱Ķ
ЦٷµĿ˵أǶ㶼ôܻȥץ
˵ͷ˿ǷҵСǵһսż̳()ݾǼɵѡ
ֻϵù˭ǵĵñе˵ء
ֱֶܿκܹɲʲôƲ硣
СǵĶ壬ľ֪һ̲סֽкãϲ
رǷ彫ŵСǾ˳ЩҳһǶмѡ
ֻҲãˣҪԺôأ˭ǵҩģ
˵ΪǰŹҲչ۸񲻻ѹһһɨãƣ룬¶˼ִͷɫ
ֱǰ˼״һҲܲζ
дˣ23300֮һ~~
()

851.851 ۾ǲǻˣ

851 ۾ǲǻˣ
֮Ҳģƽ̲סԹ
ɿЩˣֻҪܹзԣǾˣ˲Լ̫Ӧˡ
彫С˰סն˺ܿ˹ϵսŹЩŻߡ
Դӷӵ֮󣬱͵ºսҲ˴ЩŻһ
ڷҪ󣬱ûԥͬˡ
֮ѡŰǣҲʹҪʰЩŻĿģֻû뵽ô졣
ҲܷĿζǵһѧԺ͵ѧԺģЩνѧԺӢֵ£ҪѺüƤ
һá֣ͽϢתפڸһսš
Ǳߵһʱ֯˷ǡ
ǴһѶʱͼźܶˣһͺײǺˡ
ԶԶĿȥ()ɫսװ(ͦͦ)οΪͻһﾡҲɢһǿưСŮ͵͵ĳȥ
ѧԺŮȻ֪Ѿѣɻ̲סȥ
û취ֵʾһУȻѾǱ˼ҵˣһֲҪǮ
ԭķڿһ˲䣬˲䱻Ц棬·սߵ˸˧硣
ģеĶѾȫ壬Ѿ֪ͨսŵˣǺܿͻ˴ˣ첽ߵǰһҵİģ
ӣҲ˿е֮ɫļɵƯ
ǣҿɲܸŮѶ˳ץסΪϲԣŲķſ
ЦУˣ
ԼѣʱҲǲĿ佱ġ
ıһеЦŨ֮ǰһʹħת
ЩסĶŻ״û۾֮ǰðרų˱ֵĶħôһ棿
۾ǲǻˣ
е(qng)Ҫǣȥ˻ء
ֱĹ׵ĳһѹ
[Һӷı󣬿һҡĴβͣ]
[Ҵп˳ݣӦŮ()ݵ𣿰ֱǵķȲˣ]
[ղŻײдǹת۾ͱ()С()ôô(i)]
()

852.852 ҲֻŸɵó

852 ҲֻŸɵó
[ղŷеĳ֣˶ѵ㣬û˻һΪǸսˣû뵽]
[˧һ죬ֻҪǰսҪΪʲôú(i)أ]
[̲ס¶ĸЦ]
[Ҫͷɱͺˣ]
[ͬͷɱžͺȺ]
һƬͷɱֻϧ˹޷ǵԸ
ŷ˻أͿ϶źܶණ
Ц˵ǵսƷսҲ˼ߵġ
ڳѧǳ˳ǣȻǸֱ׳ҪսƷ(qng)ҲֻŸɵóϲ
ʵǻǣҲûǸ
ЦҲӦò˼ߣϾǳסĻˡ
ȻսƷﻹͳȥĵڿȱԴǱҡ
ĶÿͻὫǱҺתߣĶŲ٣ûˡ
ô˵ɵ̾˹Ȼһԣ
ȥͼһľʮӡ
Ҵ(qng)ǹ𣿡ʡ
ͷЩץģҪĸѾˣҪȫǱĸݡ˿ڷ˵ģǶûмˣҲԸ뿪ҿܿʹ˻
мҵĺӣѾ˰ͻȥˣ
Сڣģ̾˿Ǿ°ɣҲûǡ
ȿ˽֮뿪ﶼС
ƶȽϴ󣬲ٺŶԼǹ壬ڻƶߵ˾(())ūһֱڡ
֮(qng)Ѿ࣬ɻܻдڡ
ٺ۹ⷽѾǺˣūǺϷģֳ˺ü()ߵȵĴڣžǺҡ
ͽڣ(qng)Ҳת
߽ľݣʮСؿ
벻ǣ£ºЦݵĿǣҲǰСǸŮͷ
ʮС(())(())죬һԵģȴĬŲҪ
СŮܵ⣬̧ͷʣ㣬ǿԳ𣿡
Ȼ԰
·ʱҩóһѣһ˷һţ԰ɣ
ǽɽҵһЩۣǾüִζҩĺͷɵģ(r)ĹЧ
()

853.853 

853 
Ưº͵ɫûκαӻ
ЩСȻ󣬿沨Ҳ٣ܵó⡣
лл㣡СŮӹԭųоǹʣԭζóԣ
СҲ׷׽ǽӹȥˣһж¶ɫԭǰĺúóԡ
˵ģԭζ𣿺óԣ
ЩСĳãǶ˵ݳƷûгԹֻ˵
Цʣϲ𣿡
ϲͷ
Ǵӽ쿪ʼǾÿ춼ǳԺòãЦʡ
ûԥ׷׻صã
ǶǹԺӣﲻζȴɴº͵Цݡ
ֱǰĺܶ˶Ҫĳ嶯кܶ˶ʳͲˡ
û뵽Щôú壬ÿԿǾˡ
()Է˵սƷеǱңȥһ˸(to)ϴ·ЬӺ(r)Ʒûмŵķ䣬͸סɡ
ͷã
ܿ츽սŵִЩȫѺ˷ɴ
忪żɽ˵ҪսƷսͳЩЦãҲûзԡ
ַ˻һЩ¶ͿʣҪȥǵ𣿡
һСҡҡͷҪǲҪȥǾͺ͸һ𡣡
ģ˻ΪΪűȳ˲û롣
ȴòԾСʣǰȥ𣿡
Сҧҧͷû˵
ҲоԾˣСҲ**ģѾǼµ䡣
ߵǰС֣ܸ߽㣬Ϊʲôȥ𣿡
ģҿԵô˵汣֤ԲὫ͵ҲὫ͵Ըȥĵطȥ
ϸﰲο˺µС̧ͷ㣬𣿡
ܣұ֤ᶨĵͷ
СˮҺǰͱȥ˸ǿǵûǾͽתˣǽֱת˼ΣЩ˲ƣͷˣ
ҲȥҲٱˣŴŵˮ£ϣ(r)Щˡ
С֣ȥǲȥ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~ĸ12~~~
()

854.854 һ

854 һ
רŽ¶ĵط۶Ǳ߼ܱȽϣûгֹ(qng)
֮ǰд߳ڶ͵ѧԺŵÿ϶
ֻ˭ûϵ(qng)
оС(qng)ȶһЩ̧ͷλɫ̫ÿսͳ졣
˵ѣϣϲ飬ȿ꣬ǻԲѯġ
ģǻģҸһ
ͳڲΪС˵ֻŭû뵽ǵĹϽ򻹻ᷢ(qng)
ͷ鷳ˣ
ڵ(qng)ֱǵжÿ㣬˵Щ֤ݡһ䡣
ͳҲӦ⣬ն˴һ绰פǿϵ£ٶȥ飬ؿԱʱ
һУھ͹ȥЩСӾ鷳չˣ
ЦЦ鷳ߣ
սŵ뿪оСŽ()Ӳŷ
Сʣܸ߽㣬ʲô𣿡
Сͷҽа壡
мˣʡ
ˣϴŲƣشʱҲȻ(r)Ӹ˲С()Ӱ
ЦŵԭˣҪһ񣬲֪вУ
ʲô񣿡̧ͷĿ
ش𣺡ģԽܲ鷳㣬ڽһʱæһЩĵܵã
Ҫ߳()ӰϤĵչǲģҪĵõϿɣȻʰġ
ĺҲȷʵȽСǻչˣŻὥĴӺµ()Ӱ߳
õģҴӦ㣡ϲ㣬ʧȥů
ͷǸԺӣ
ŷȥһЩСӵ·żŮΪŮϴ軻·ʹżкϴ軻·
ϴɾ·ȻСһӪоȴҲһЩ
ͷ嶼ţȿ֮Ҫȥǵ(qng)Ƶ(qng)ԲܹϢСǶ޹ġ
СǣͷŴҽεսƷȫǼǹࡣ
ǱҲ̫࣬ȴҲȥ豸
ʣµĶһЩ޺ҩģ˶յ⽨Ĳֿ
ˣ¾(qng)д16~~
()

855.855 ̫

855 ̫
Сﲢûп֮豸ۣͷȥ˲ǣ׼ȶ̨רʻ豸
СӾͽ˺ϵȽļŮչˣżȥ˲ǡ
ݻϴԡ¶Ҳһ˳ڲ￴ûõõ豸ʾȶ
尺ϯģ˵()ϲڻأս֮Ҳûôâˡ
ǱңҲίԼһųȥǡ
ĲҲƽͬе͸ֻǲСôĿŵͿţΪżսŹѲӡ
رΪ˵Űǣ˲١
ȥר豸ĵ꿴˿۸ȻҪһЩҲܽܵķΧ
ʻĺ濾豸һȥϴԡ¶Ҫõ豸̳ǡ
һȦݻļ۸̫ˣ֮ǰΪȤ˽һ(to)ֻܼ۵֮һҪƱҪһЩ̫ˡ
ô˵Ҳüͷȷʵ̫ˡ
ֻǲĻҲƲ֪ܱܲ˵㡣ݻ̾˿
ЦЦ˲˶٣ǹа취ˡ
ҵĳй콫Сǿʱǿ뾭Ǵӵ۶Ǵ򣬵ʱ·Ѿˡ
ͲʲôˣҲûҪڡ
˷(yn)𣿡ݻû뵽ô档
ЦֻǿУܷˣ۸񲻻䡣ҲСǵˣŶӵ(qng)ҲҪʵʵŶ򣬲ûиκαԲΥ档
ͷ֣˿˹١
Ǵһ˼ܿ˹(yn)ĳпֻҪκαΥС
Ȼӵıһ£ܿ˹ٶ±()Ȥ
±()Щ࣬ʣµŵ˿ռ͸˿˹ٲ١
ֱ֮תһǱҸҲͲʲô˽½һ˵
ܿ˹ٵƢ()Լο˵ķø졣
ݻ˿ͺãҪ˳Уֻܷ㣬СľҲһ
СҲһЩС⣬ֻƷֲ֮࣬ǰҪȡ͵ıѣֻۼۣѡ
ĳפ۸˲٣ƷȽȫ
Ҳôģͷ
()

856.856 浱Ǻһ

856 浱Ǻһ
˼۸񲻺ʣҲûҪ䣬Ǽ˾뿪
ߵ̳ſڣͼһѧԺ͵ѧԺʮѧһǰһҪš
ԷҲǡ
һѧԺŤһ£ֻǺܿ
()ĵⲻǵ뿪ǵһѧԺ쵽˷ܶӳǰ˰
Ҽǵǰǲͷô˼𱻷Ҫĸϴˣ̵
漴˼һתЦҪͷ()ߣ˼̽ϢϾĳ˲ֻǴСͷ(qng)ء
˼ǲף󱻷غ(qng)һֱǵЦ
ͻȻС˴ĳ嶯ҧгݵ˵ǹ²
ȴûκι˼ɣͲ˳ˡ
߹ȥ˶㲻֮ʱһŽ߷ڵأĿӺ͵֮ʲôϵֲһСߴߴġ
Ϊ䣬ҾͻǼҪΪǵڶѧԺϵתУƾһǾͲܲԸ
ǻҪлأѧԺҲܶһսŵľӢսʿ
尾÷ߵĺãһξ˳ۣǣǱСƲתУģ˼Զϴ󡣵ҲҲתУڵһѧԺ
ǵһѧԺģҪԵһѧԺѧ֣Щǡ
ԼһѧԺˣû뵽ŵֵزȻһԲϾˡ
뵽һֱڵ۶ưԵ()ӣҲȻˣ
壬̫ˣҪУìܣ
ӵĴϵɨһۣҪУìܣܽеöһѧԺѧ鷳ôô󣡡
˵Уìܣʱÿ˳ɼУС˾ͱϱģ˭֪ǸС󡣡
ǰүүУʱ򣬻ȥ˼()ߵСܣλתˣǸռūһ
УУ֮ǵڶѧԺùãӻ˻͵浱Ǻһ
壬ѧԺȥ弸Ȧ֪򲻹ԷԾҪУìܡ
ղűһţأ˵ֱ̫ɶˣ
Ҫҵᣬһ
()

857.857 鷳

857 鷳
һĲм
ռūҵĵΡ
ȥ׼˵һǸȦݲ롣
㣡Ť£ϹʷΣ֪ռūʲô˼˵̫ˡ
˵򲻹壬תͷԱһսװȥżĿӡ
ܶӳŷڶѧԺ۸ˣ
ﲻˬˣ˼죬ܶӳλûǱȥ
ü˵֪˭(())
лǱ㵱ϵһѧԺܶӳˣ漴ӡ
лǱҲܷһߵﶼʡ£ɷߣһѧԺˡ
Ҫȥɷ壬Ӯǻܶ࿴֣ǳ״ӡ
һֲֻ㶵õܶӳ
߰ɣ()˵Ҫ̳
Ϊ򱧲ƽʲôģûɲԲС
˵ĺܶԣ˭һû˻(())ҵģ
лǱ㻹ܶӳû뵽ȻǸ˻ѧԺѧ˶ҿŵĻ𶼷˳
ԭΪܶӳ֮˭֪ˡ
лǱͣסŲĿƳһۣ(())Ҫ뵽û˭ҵıķҪΪʰ̯ӡ
Լʲô⣬ﻹеɲУүүǵڶսŵĸս˧ֱǰսȥ
˵սӰ˼𵱼̳һģƽ͵尹ϵ⽫ǵżˣ˼ϱģѹַҪˡ
Ҫ()ݺ͵طԣߣ
Ҫһ𲻷￼˵ģר˲ģҪǿ岻˳ۣǾڿлֳ
ղ˵ÿ˳ɼìܣһǺͬġڿɻûеʱ
һ֪ʱƣȥٱ
УǾͿ˼£
()Ŀŷ弸ˣŪʲôʻֳϴԡ𣿳ǸƷ⣬ҾͿδСǷչ
ŪʲôᣬʱҲҪа͸Цˣ
֮ô˵ҪԷ˱ʾǱ⣬ڶѧԺһжǵƿ֮С
⻰һлǱ˲ˣֻһ뷨鷳ˣ
׼ʮ£22-23~~~
()

858.858 ˮ

858 ˮ
һѧԺｫһ飬²Ķ⻰Ҫ¡
Ȼվ֪ǵڶѧԺҪеĿϢ(ͦͦ)ͨ
ʻͻ(qng)ǽȥҰģͱй¶˳ȥ
й¶ĺãҪʰ()ϸأҪллΪǵ
ʲô֪ģֻǵһѧԺ֪ѧԺҲ֪
ҲڵѧԺǰչԼԷ˳ȥˮҪϴԡ¶ĳҲҪݰɾǵϵġ
ҪֳҲҪֻǲʻͶƷˣǻƵķʵûƵġ
Դ֪˵ڶѧԺĿѧԺѧͷ֮ǰߴˣΪҲԭеĻϸģûȥŪ
˵ڶѧԺļƻǾ͵õ˲ٵѧԺհˡ
ԭں濴ϷĵѧԺѧǳ˳ǣҪ뷨
һﰲ()ϸѧԺ˵ϾҲԺ()ϸɾȻڶԵڶѧԺҴԼҪˮУˡ
ʵǰСʱҲô嶯ʵ()ݲͬˣ֮ļ̲Ķֻѧ˰ӡ
ԭԼһɳܵһѧԺͷģɽĴˣղֱлǱŻӷ(r)
ĿںĵѧԺѧ()ϣǳϮû(ͦͦ)ġ
ݰΪ֮ǰݻ(qng)ܵ˲СӰ죬˵ԷҪҲʾȥܶӳƼԼ
Сͱص㣬˵ѧԺĵϵɼҲһģɲݻ(r)ӣŵ䷽Ҳ١
ֻˮСм˾רƻױƷͻƷרϤĽ̵Լźܴġ
ҲҪ֤ԼֻҪʵϴݻҲϿɣЩߴߴҲûʲô
ô㳭ϮǼұױƷģóĶݻҪҾҪɣݰͬ˵
üݻҪҲҪƵĳҪֳҲҪֳɺϣ
ǡζЦ˵ͬҲãʾʵжԱȲֵܷóû
ݻЦаǾͿĸѧУĳںǮɡ
Ҫѧôݻȥ¥ˡ
()

859.859 ǿҪ׼

859 ǿҪ׼
ݻֻĿݰԼ϶ͶԷǺȴû˼
˵ҲûãҪʵͽ˵
ͷУ㣡
ߵ()ߣ̧˿ݰǰ棬վŵһȥεӢӡ
л⣬ѧԺܶӳ㣿
лǱлֵܣлүӵĵӣ˹ϵһҪá
Ϊ()ͬҲѡ˲ͬѧУ
лʼҿɲǶӳ
ǵѧԺĶӳǰ˹˽ɽˣҲŴ
վӰ˼ģ԰˹ܶӳ󣬾רŽһЩҪ
ҲνѧԺܶӳ֮λҲûôȡ
ҪǴŵѧԺõһãҪ˸ñأ۵ģ鷳ˣ
ЦȻĸԴѹѧԺհǡ
л⣬Ҫˣ
˹ǰ˹õܣһֱھڶսż̳˵λã츳()sa
ʵҲɳȰ˼Զˡ
˵лӦòڻհᣬɰ˹ͺˣǻѧ˼
лҲָоȻḽͣͲ((co)co)ˣҲһˡ
ǰ˼ߵǰС㣬ּˣ
ǼллǱģ㸸ĸȥũлүӡ
ʱлүӻǰԼΪЩŲˬˡ
л٣ĵͷ
ҺܸлүүũҲչˡ
лսүү㣬ֵܶ䶼ˣҲһֲξȱȡ
ѧԺʲôǲˮġǶûе⣬ֻǲүүˣԱȽ̹(())
лǱ߹˵ܵܵĻֻڿϣҪ㾺ǲˮһ׵ġ
ŮˣǲأֵֻһŽģûж⡣
Ҳ㣬ûжУ˵ͷ࣬رǱ¡
Ͼ˶֮ӣ챻ݵүү˺ãǲҲӦõġ
ðȻҺлүү(qng)ܺãҲǲˮġ
Ц֮ǰлүүҰأǿҪ׼
һͷߣǲĻΪүүó(qng)
ȥʣǵǲİ
()

860.860 жԷȦ

860 жԷȦ(to)
ò˵̹(())̬ȣҲӮֵܵĺøС
ǾĿԴǣǽȥ
ǵûҪϾ˼ŮҪȥο˵Ŀꡣ
ðЦŵͷǾĿԴɣ
˵󣬻˵㾫ģֱǱҲ͡
ԴҶܺ棬˴һ˵ʲô
״̲סлǱѹ㲻ңԭǺһˣ
һｫܶӳߣûйᣬлǱˡ
лǱƳһۣ׳գ
ǿϼ£ٻᣡͷ˵꣬ʹ߽̳ǣȫ
ֻ()׷ȥ
лЦкһҲŵѧԺ˽ȥ
ݰĻҸ·ǳݻҲûվȥ˵ʲô
ǿˣһǿƣ˵ֻ̣ɲôԼȥҲ硣
ںݻ()ʱ̲סϾ̼Է磬Ƿοһ֤ǲ۲۵ķԲŻᱻġ
ݻƽĿûκ¶ȣ˴˱˴ˣ
ûλһֱͷ()Ӱνܵܣǰһ˼룬츳УԿԽԽҫ۵ݰżҲԱԱ
ûȥ֮ǰ϶嶯ĸݰһȭȴӲסˡ
жԷȦ(to)һȭȥҲ(())ϲװ
ǿ첽ߵ()ߣһ뿪
ݰô˵ȷʵҪݻֵ˼ʾȡڵͬ(qng)ŤתЩۡ
ȴû뵽ݻȻĲһˣƿصĸоܲá
ҲûڲǼתƣֱȥ׼Сǡ
ȻûСǵĿţҲףûбҪתơ
ϳݻǸĿ˵ӡĶӣ˼ңݰǿҲ뵽հᡣ
ЦЦʲô볭ͳ£ֻҪĽϴԡ¶ĳӯˣҲܴǵ
ҴС󶼱ݼͺ䣬ڵ㷽ûݰ츳Ҳûϵͳѧϰ
ݰȴСͱŹ˾ĵûױƷרҾҲǵѧԺĵϵҲ֪ܲӮ
ȻҪһ£ݻȴҲ֪Լˮƽ¶ˣʵ˵˲ŲẦڶѧԺ
()

861.861 Ѿ

861 Ѿ
óݻݰǶԼûģҲ˲д˵ѧԺ
Ƚͣ˱ҪţȴԸԼĲź()ֲ
˽⣬ֻͬģҲֻϴˮԡ¶𣿡ʡ
ݻ룺ģ⣬ҹˮŪһЩƷױƷ
ݰԸҴСͱܳ(i)һֱص㾫һҪŪ㶫ֻʾı£ѹһͷ
ЦͲý֣ǸҪŪôӣˮ߻ױƷƷоųϵĿܻᵹա
尺ʣΪʲôݰ϶䷽
һ䣬Сʹⷽ汻ӦаղŻȥġ
صֻΪ̫ˣ֮ǰݻ˵ģû֪ƷƵˮǾûм򣿡
С򵽶ٸ߶˵豸ãרҵ˲ҲݰȽ㣬ϵѧɻûʦء
Сǵľƽ񣬶ⷽûʲôӴհȥʻƷףǾ׼ȥˮͻױƷ𣿡
ϴԡ¶ñȽϼ򵥣ƷҲֻñԣ豸((co)co)ˡˮȴҪܾ׼ͱζˣƤ˺
˵ݰˮ׼ҲûдﵽרҼɣݼҵĹ˾һ֧ⷽľӢרŶأܱȵЩˣŪƷҲ̫á
СҪǻǣĻױƷͻƷ𣿡
ô˵һΪ˰ݻҲʵҲ˳ֱϺݰһѣ˭СĶ
ôһ˵Ҳúеҿ϶򰡣
Ǻܱ˵ǿ϶򣬿ɲҪȥɽѰңӶչɱͲͣҪǼ۸ǿ϶
ҪǼ۸ߵĻ˼ҿ϶ԸȥƷơ
԰ݻֻ־ˣĲõġ
Цż˵ǲѾˡ
ô˵ʡ
صݰȽϸߣȻ֪豸ļ۸ǿɱ˲ǵ豸۸񣬿Ǹڵ۶屶ϵġ
ҪõƷʻ࣬豸ҪҲűߣ۸϶ơ
ЦЦ˵׬س豸Ͷ룬֪µʱ乻ĿϣʵѾˣ
()

862.862 

862 
尵˶ԼһհӴ£Ҫѹһͷ
ȴãѧԺҪߣͶ϶ȡ
ûΪСƷóȥҪòܻر֮󿼺˶ˡ
վԼĽǶȣҲΪжȥĿ׵ʧƷ
ôô̲ס̾ôģ
ЦŵҼһѧ˵Ϊʲôô
̣Ҳ벻ġһ䡣
ҪˣߵСһŵķϣúƽϡ
һѧǵ̫֮ˣǶû뵽Щ
ϯЦ㶼뵽ˣҲܳѧˣ
ջض˿˳۵Ļ̫ˡ
ݻʱȻʣûҪͶԷ˭õĸ࣬˭˭ɹ
һᰴСʵȥչģǷİɡ˼ġ
һеģһ͵ʰ
尼Ҳֵܣ϶еģ
ݻĴ̲סϲ۵ȴܳʵ()ߵҲܺá
Ϊθ˲ܳ(qng)ڳ˵ĻҲֱֻĻǰԵѧԺ֪Ǳôãһѡ
ŸһߣֱĻǰ˸պþͼѧԺݰǿҪ£˲Ƚ豸Ǽ۸ҲǷǳġ
רȥϲ˲۶ǵ豸۸񣬶ʱΪݰһԩͷĳƺš
[ݰΪ˭֪һ仰Ҳ£ǹ豸۸ǵ۶ǵĽԩͷ׵İ]
[ϲֿͻôûأ]
[ȻȫƲ˳о׼]
[ٴθܵѧҵȷ˵Ĳֱ࣬û˭ˣ]
[ȵѧԺհ᳭Ϯļƻʧܣ꣡]
[ȺνӢףȻݻ竣˼һ֪ǲŶӣݰͿɾɣѧԺǱǴġ]
[ֻ˶أΪ豸ǮѧԺѧҪ((Ʊ))ˣ֪˭Ϻȵѣ]
ĺҲһǱʶСĻױƷͻƷǿɲ˭⣿
豸ݰ֪Ѿ˳˥ˣʮ緢̳߳ǣҪúõĴչȭţ˿ݼҵļ̳λãֻ
()

863.863 ɱӺ

863 ɱӺ
ʻ豸ûֻҪ͹
Ҳص֮żȥתһȦ۲ѰҺʵĳַ
ȥǶ˵ļӹ˿ûĸľˣ˷ѣʡһǱҡ
ýϵѧܼã񽻸ȥɣҲһ
ȻһŶӣȻҪܵÿ˶
ѡóַ󣬼˻˳Żȥ
һһ˵ȥͽ()ϸ(qng)ˣһжͱй¶ȥȻհģ£ȴеġ
ǰϴԡƷհͲ˵ˣֳʲôĶҪհᣬ˼ԽԽȥˡƲƲ˵
ϯͬǣЩ()ϸ̫ɶˣֱǳ⣬˽˽÷һݷֺ죬žͲˬ
˻ʲôʸ£ǹã
˶սţľǱߡ
ҲĳˣҪֻ˸˳ɼҲûʲô
ڿǹغŶӣȴ˵ͳһξΣֵøԭ¡
ҪϢ֮ҲѧɱӺбҪ
Ц˵ȥҾɱ
ǻصأ嶼ûϢøĶӳ˽ᡣ
ҲȦӣ̳ſڷ(qng)˵һ顣
ҵ˼ǣй¶ǼƻˣȫСȥȻôϲһѧԺ͵ѧԺǾ͹ȥɡǿƵ˵
̫ˣǽļƻͱй¶˳ȥѧԺհģ£ǿˣ
ϳȥ˲Ŷֱӱѣžǻ
ǰóԺڵţȻһʱͱˣֱǰǣ
ѧһߣȷǻҪˡ
й¶Ϣļ˸û뵽ŽϢȥͱ¶ˣĻŲѡ
ǽʮ˴һ飬ǲǸѰ
óϢԼվһûС
սбѵķʽй¶Ϣȫ˳
ҲôҶ𾪲ѣû뵽Чôߣ쵼ҲԽԽϿɡ
һ˰ˣȫ롱Сǡ
ŴΪ(qng)ߣһֵġ
Ц˵ʵհģ˲źأ
ҷ׷̧ͷĿΪʲôհģ²źãӦ˰
Ҫǣ˼ҿǼƻĻϣٴδ¸Ľ
ǲܸӮʵ飬Ҫֻ֤ܷãҪԼ
ǶԼôţĶ⻰͹ˣΪ㣡˲١
ЦУֻҪҾͺã
Ϊף()ϸץߣԻһ䡣
ԭ(qng)ǵˣ˲ָѪ໣Ķӣ̫(i)ˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~ĸʮ~~Ǹ¸0ǰǷ˲ȥץ֣Ȼ滻ʱ򣬲֪ô854µݣǵԲŷ֣854ҸղѾ滻ԭݣظ׿ˢ˿˼~~~
()

864.864 õ

864 õ
ŴѪ϶˿Ц⡣
źϵȥʳģǻɫǸӣ֮ͺζһ㡣
һЩƵϵֲƷȻũĵƷζҲ
ҽı޴ˣְѺܶҰϴװ֯
ܿ죬ζء
컹ժһЩҰ޶ľŪ˺üζĹס
ͷϲֿζһ
СǵһŪ˹ͷģȽӪ
Ȼһ()̲ˣԵˬֿġ
ܿѧǳԻ(r)ֵĳԼײƷ̳ϡ
콫()ϸͽߣĶ˻
˵۶Ҳл꣬ȽڵļŶҲԹ˲٣ζһ㡣
ɿͼƬϻĹףҾúͻв𣬿žԡ
һѧԺ͵ѧԺѧǸշӪںš
ǰ()Ķ̫ѳˣԹһӪԷ⡣
㿪Ӿͼ(r)ĻΧųԵ˺hi˵Цǲ(qng)ԣտźܺú(r)֡
ʱûθڣеӪҲޱȡ
ڶѧԺȺ쵰̫ˣһԷͷŶҶԲӪˡ
ǰںεڶѧԺѧӣô᲻á
ܳԣҲð
ѧԺѧǶ̲סԹȥܶӳȥʣܲҵڶѧԺ˻±()ʲôԣǳԲӪˡ
л⵹ǴӦ˴ԣ˹ֱӾܾԼǸ
ĵĻ()ϸ⣬֪ϳ󣬶
ΪᶨĶȫεˣм֮ǰӦûǮģҲͬϢˡ
һвصɱӺõãҪǾǶ̲סˣֻơ
ڶѧԺΪ˷һֱܳڣУ״̬ǵȻϣÿ춼жԷϢҲʱʱӦԸıԡ
ͬܽµڶѧԺĸƻȣ˽֮ʵʩ(qng)
ڶˣлͰ˼һٵĳ嶯
ֱĻǰ˿ڶѧԺߣӵĳԻҲ̲סöӶˡ
[ҵĲ²ˣ⿼˿Ҫʳֱˣأö]
[ǿҽһ꣬ڳۻϣȫƲסһԵİ]
һƬ˶ꡣ
βֻt̻ٵ۶ǵҵж̻׷סǿŰȥˡ
սӵѵ绰иȺ۲ͻùȥͿʼˣ֪ʲôʱܻʣµĻд22-23Ҽ~~~
()

865.865 ֲɵ

865 ֲɵ
ȷ˳ַ󣬵Ͼͽϵϵͬѧ˹Ǹ¹滮ġ
Щѧһ˵󶼸˲ѣǺܺõᡣ
ڶѧǼһĽ֮ǰļƻ
ֹÿ˶͹ڷֹ(qng)
ֳƷʻϴԡƷּһҩ
ҩҲģʱֻһЩֹѪ˿ڡƸðյҩۡ
ĳͶ벻ߣȴ״гϾɱۼҲŵͣӶôܴ࣬
ҶõҩϵֲѧϵͬѧҲ֮ء
ױһ棬һЩ˹רչҰޡ޺ëƤȣļ۸ǳĹ
ߵĻҲʼչҩģһͼ˵˳ȥ滹жӦļ۸ֻҪӶ˴ա
(qng)̫ˣûʱȥѰҩģչΪҲܽӶǵ⡣
ߵļ۸񶼺ܹǰǶչ۸ķ͵۶࣬˺ӶܺǸˡ
رǺܶǼΪûõֲȻչ۸񶼻̲סһͷ
֮ǰŵ˺ֻܶ࣬ǰŰɣȴȫˡ
ڳйʴǰЩӹĺüðԡ
ֻŮΪʴã˺ܶࡣ
ѡʮˣһ֮ǰļӹǱߵĿ豸Ҳ˹
충ҪĲҲ˹Ǹױӳеġ
۸񲻵ûŻݣ˷ѣҲõ˿˷Ĭϡ
Ϳʼųѧʮʻ
ʻû̫ѶȣһʼûӴͲϤӺܲΪһ̵ģ֮ģԲÿζȴܺá
һʻ·һɱζƮ˳ȥ
ڸɻѧһŵ̲סˣΪѧ鷳ǶٶǳӪ
˵ǹɱζ޷о¡
ǵ尺ϯʹʻ
ڴڶ˽Ц˵ӻ鰡
ЦЦ˭̫ˣĪߵ
ϯЩһֱѲݸ壬ֲɵ
ĶӣʻҪȳζΣõĻͿȥˣϯ強尴յǰ
()

866.866 ôˣ

866 ôˣ
尺ѵͿĿˣ
ڶһĸ
ʧЦԾ˵Ѿˣζ(ͦͦ)ģòǳˣ
ԣǾζġϯƤȽϺ
ָָһСһ״̫ÿеʻ
ǽЩ˳ȥÿȷһȻˣǿ϶Ҫѧǳ
໣Ȼˣϯ弤ѣѸپȥֶ֯Ĵ
尵ҲЦ˵ϲ(qng)ˣ
ÿ˶ȥһȥԼ˾ͷһ
͵ȲˣһӹͿʼԡ
ʻĲСҧôڵľĿھûˡ
֮δԭʻɱôó԰
ζ治ƽ̫ϲʳʻҾԼٴμ
ĲǺֳֵĽĸ㷢ӳԿڸкܺá
ϲʳʻζҺϲһܳʮϡ
ϯ壬ȥ˵˳һ֮󣬸оӸˡ
ϯûĵһۣеóԾͲˣĶǿǺ۵ģ˵ڶûء
ԼҲųһղܽȥͱ˳
ǵȵڶȥõһʻûԳʲôζûء
ǰӾͶ֮ˡ
һ·ϯ嶼ץʣȻȥŪʻˡ
һȦõڶʻӦó¯ˣ̲סŵ尼˹ȥ
ߵſھͼʲ˹һ۾ϳˡ
ѧôˣ尿ǰĿʡ
˵һŪҩŲæôˣ
켧tˣȴûм
֮⣬һЩҵеҲסСǵľƵ֪Щ˶ǳġ
tȷʵæԴӿֱĻȻסˡ
ܾˣԽ(qng)ˣ˹Ҫȡ
һЦŵζ׼
ϯһĿǣԼأǻذɡ
Щ˲ǹأжŻӵ۶Ǳ
ѧܣ鷳ȥ˵һtƿǵϯ壬תԵ˵
()

867.867 ԭѧ

867 ԭѧ
Ŀڴſڣһֲֻڿ㶵żġ
ѧЩǸĶæҪĻ֮ٹɡ
ɵأԼֻһ᲻÷ֳȥ
t˳ǣô֪ϯҺ͵ԼҵСӳ˳Ի
()ŵļ˶¶֮ɫѵҪˣ
ǵҲҹԷȴûм
쿴Ҳôֲİ
t˼һתЦŶԼ˵æţҲţλȻȥɣ
˿ɶ̳ϵϺ꣬ȻȥǼأ
tߵԱߣЦִϣҺ͵ѧܺþòҪɣ
尷˸ۣͼtɲǶ죬ֻʶкĽ(qng)
żַĿ򼧫tѧڿأҪɻǸص۶ǰɡ
ǰڿɲɵĺʱ䣬ܻǺһȥɡҲ¼t˦ʲôߡ
tС˼Ҳ治ɫ̫æˣסһҪȥ
룬ֱӶų󺰵пˣ
ڳ£ų˳ǣһﻹǴԶʳأûϵ뿪ˡ
尼ҲＫˣû뵽λһѧԺķȻ(qng)
tܴȻˡ
Ҳû뵽tԹôŵķʽԼ
˳ȥôأ
Ƴſڵĵ尼ˣ
tߵǰЦֱʻҾͲ볢ζΣһ㲻ɣ
˳⣬Ǿֻ֣˵Լ
εЦӵ۶ôԶһܲԸʻ
ɣÿλá
t()ļ˼״æ
С㣬ҲǴӵ۶ǹҪݷģ˼æԼ
Цŵһɣһ·Ҳˣ
࣡࣡һûбtơ
һҲǹģ뵽˽гķȻǣߣҪġ
ż˱ȥϯƲƲ죬Ե尵ѧأԭƤô񣡡
ѵվߣǣԭѧҲˡ
ߣǸȥɲǰʻԲˣ
ԣϿȥ
()

868.868 ҪԲ

868 ҪԲ
ȥ棬˸ǰ˼¡
ֱֻżɨһʱ(qng)صǿȣϸϾϵ䷽ȣñѧȥȨˡ
Ҳûн˴䣬һշ͡
ָÿ˵һݵˮװʻÿǰһݡ
Ǹճ¯ʻǳζΣ
ȻǳŻģʻζʳ()
ãлСдˣ˷׷ıȻ۾׷һ
tųȴʻȻѾ֪ζһɻһ¾ϲˡ
ĳģȻûвġ
һ˲˼ڣtȴЦŵĶӣŪɡ
ֿζģĻ𣿡ŵ˻Ļ㡣
ʧЦѹʳҵģôء
()ȥһЩʻֿζζζͻζŨֱȽ嵭ҲǺ𣬸ղǳԵǱȽ֡
ֱַ˳ϲõĲͬ
ԭǳŻģȴɵñʻע⡣
Ҫοڣtһˡ
ĶӣʻİɣЦʡ
׵Ȼġ
ǲҰԲôtԱ߼˶۵ӣЦе˵
۶Լܶ϶˲Ȼٲ㣬ʻͺܲ
ϯ͵尸߽⻰˲˺ڡ
ϯ汻¶ˣǼѧ治ҪȻԲˣ
ǣҲû뵽ƤȻô񣬻ءƲƲ졣
һҪǽʻԲˣô죿
뵽ʱȥأϯҲһ뷨
ԱߵҲˣһͰԲʰɣǿҲС̸ġ
tЦôͲˣǱҪģȻʻʢ˥СйҿǵĲƷǱȻҪˡ
Բʡǲأٲȥ̣Ҳȫˡ
˵()ΪһӣԴӿֱ(qng)ҲҪΪСǾһౡ֮
һҭҪļһʲô˵ˡ
ҲҪһౡ֮(qng)ܿɲܶȥ
˷׷׵ʻҲԹ򣬲ֻ䣬۸񻹺
()

869.869 ̫ϧ

869 ̫ϧ
tһЦҲЩ˲Ҫ
Ķӣ˵أ
żЦԲʲôľˣʻѾ˴㣬ʱ׼͹˾ˡ
tЩʣ͹˾ô죿
׼СԼһ꣬רųʻƵıޡϴԡƷƷҩۡ
ҪСǷչ׳ҲϣһȫǼʵ˶ܳЩ۸Ͳ׼Ҳ׼˭¢ˡ
ǱǸҪǰһˡҲûмЩԭ
Ȼ׼Щ̳ȥչͲ뱻¢ϣֻǮ˳ԡ
ҪҲЩɱͣҶԵҩŵĳɱͱȽϸߣҲҩģûռ
Сˣ׼ȥ
Ǽʵ˶϶Ʒʻ()ȵȣⲻ˵˵׼ôȥʵеġ
۸ҪǷŵϳۣļ۸񲻸ߣ㰡һ̲ס
صȻҪı䣬ȻҪӸȥıˡ
˵ǶӦ֪Ǽ۸񲻸ߣȥ׬Ǯ
СľˣĿҲˣⲻǸ𣿡
ǵȻֻ֪ǻǲ̫ͬľӪʽ
ǵĻ϶󻯣ֱӴ۳ȥʡ»׬ǮϾ۸ɱϸ߶ˡ
tԽԽЩˡ
Щ뷨ȽģȫǼʵ˳Щ밡
ȴĪָо
ֻϳۣÿ϶ȽϴǵĳΪṩҵλ
쵽ҵݡȣΪСṩһЩҵλҾòǸʺϵġ
žžtͻȻ˹ƣ˵ķչվСǵĽ跢չԶǣ㲻̣˷ˣ
⼸ϸ룬Ҳתˡ
ɲǾˣȻǰ棬ڿɳչ˵ţϾһòƾܴٵҵ
ǰС㲻̫̽ϧ˷ˣ
ҪԺСҪ̣ϣܶ࿼ǣһ
ԣǶԺСܸȤ
˿óѾ˾תĳɷ׷׿ˡ
tƳ˼һۣŲ˼ѾһˣЩһͱˡ
ЦЦҲ׼̽ˣŪũʲô棬СС֣лһҼλ
()

870.870 û

870 û
ǷܵĻģ˶ЦŽˡ
˼䣬һ˿ڵ⼸ĶҪϳۣǻ棬СпǺ˺𣿡
Ϊ˲ütռȻȿˡ
ǶԻܸȤҲǿֱϹģϣС㿼¡⼸Ҳ׷׵
tû˵ݵˮ˼ڣʻеĳ
ⷴüЩˡ
µΪ˻Ѿ׼˵ǣҲ׼꣬ߺ˭ˡ
һʳƷ˾׼֮󽫲ͬζĻϼӹɴװߺװȻڳгۣͬҲŵ
ͬȽڵĻϣҲȫǼʵ˳ϡ
ڹǺǵ(qng)Ӧö֪ҽֲԭ߲˹ϹͬŬôҶܳϡ
˵⻰ʱ棬ȻǿܻǴ󻰣ȴΪĿȥŬ
ԴŰǣϸĿСǵ(qng)ĸд̫ˡ
ϣûаһҪ(qng)ıܶ״
ǰڹŵʱҲٵ(qng)
ΪıȽǿ󣬹ǿҵһĺСܶѹե˺ܶĺˮȴԲ(qng)ȴûеġ
Ļڳļ˳˼tЩ⣬ļ˶Ϊ⡣
ȫǼʵ˶ܳϣĿ̫ˣͲʵʣǲΪ
ֻôᶨ˵ˣ֪Ǣ̸ĺʧˡ
аɣȻС㶼ô˵ˣҲǿֻϣܹлһЦЦ˵ų滰
⼸Ҳ׷Ц˵ƵĻ
ȻԲһȥԣ𣿡tЦָָǰѾ˵ӣʾϲ
Ц⵱ȻûˣҲǰһˣ
ҪĻÿ˿һǧʻߣ۸Ҳ֮ǰȷĸͺã
ʻȫ۳ȥˣҲǸźɡ
һǧеٰȥַֿɾûˡtЦ
ʼ磺ǽĹ˾ô࣬ҲһǧѾǼˡ
˵ʻûհװѹҲܾ÷ţǶѹûеءǵļ۸̫ˣøױӵ۶ǹ
tֻεĵͷаɣǾһǧ
ר⼸˵Ҫ꣬Էҵ㡣
Ҫ꣡˲Լͬ˵
ЦǻòأtҪģȻһǧ⣬ûţ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~12~~
()

871.871 ڵͺܺ

871 ڵͺܺ
˲ʻһģtӡ
ʲôʱõʻղŻвٸ绰øϻص۶ȥ¡
֪æСʱ֮ͿˣȰһǧ
tЦã鷳ˣ
ˣҿ֮ǰҩŷ(ͦͦ)ģҪһѡҵֻⷽзչǱصҲһʳҡ
Ȼ˵ҪҩŲûԹҩš
֮ԸҷųϢʱȥﱸص㻹Ϊպ
Ҫǻɱˣᡣ
ͼtǺϵҩŲԷ볢ζҲ
У뼸λһٱ㷹ֻҪλªУЦ
⼸˰ڰ֣
ǶҩҲǺܺģ֪ǲֱﴵôţȻ󷽵ƷȻܾˡ
尺ϯЩ˾֪ԳԳԣᰡ
ĶӣǶӻأܲ͵ʻȥοʣϯ˹
Цڶȥ˰ɣҲͲˣʣµĶҪ
úãû⣡˸߸˵ȥ
ütȻȥʱٸǵ绰ҪȥŴ
tҲ()뿪ˡ
ʱϿֱҲٴըˡ
[໣ԭʻҪŵϳۣӦˡ]
[̫ˣûи߼ЩҪԲģҪƽ۶ۣôҶ]
[ھԣ֪ʲôʱ]
[ǰЩ˻̽緢չûȥڵͺܺã]
[û뵽ĿǼʵ˳϶Ʒʻԭ߲˹ϹȻȽʵֺã]
ҲΪ㣬棬Ҷ֪СǵĶϳۣһʱ䣬ʲôʱ򿪡
ϣŴҩţһкt˳ԡ
ȥɻҲˣһͳ(r)ڵҩţҶֺǺǵġ
t˶ΪҩҩģܻбȽŨҩζ
û뵽ں󲻵ûжҩĵζ˵㣬ϴ()ζһĺá
ǽⷦͰ˯߹Чҩţtһ߶ʣȴϵĶź()
()

872.872 Ҳǹ

872 Ҳǹ
tһֱҩŲĵģƷ֮󣬸ı
óҩ룬ζûиֹЧѹͷ̫̫͵ˡ
ЦŵţҩžԵĻǿ()塣
˵ȥ֮Ҹо˵УҩŻˣ
Ҫζ̫ˣǼҩģҩζͳԲ
ǰζ̫ˣҳԹ()óԣ
ʧ߶εëҩŻȥҪˣԺҿҪԵҩš
ʵҲֱǰҩŵģӰＧtĲ棬ζĺܺãҲû˵á
ҳԽҩ֮󣬸о()嶼ů֮ǰЩЧŰŰɣȴ˵ôЧ
ĻȻҪֳ(r)(qng)ˣЧòҼtȥ쿨㽫ܹ˳λá
һٷҳԵôҶܸˣͳء
ԷʱҲ˽⼸ʲôġ
һ˿ıֳͺͶԷ˵ãһⷽȽоרҹæָ
صķǶ֧
ԷˬĴӦˣûʲôɵӶܿǱܾɵӡ
ߺϯ忴ʣ޲𣿻Ҫרҹæָ
ЦŻصǵȻģΪ޶Եʲôˣ
ǶǴ̿ʼҪôչˣιıΣӪô⣬˸ô죬Ļ¶ȵҪôѿأЩǶûо飬Լ̫ˣҲûʱ䡣
޲ʵҰ()ѱ׳£ֻ̡
Ҫһרҹ̳Ĺֳ飬ҲôһЩ·һ()ɹ
Ƚóֲֳ澭鲢Ǻܸߣר˸ΪСǵֳܹ˳ţſˣҲǷһ(qng)
ֵõģ⿿ȥ鱾ϵ֪ʶ;϶Ƿȱ
ô˵Ҳ֪ԭֳôӣתһҲúе
֮ǰΪֳޣֻýץȻÿͶιʳˣò⻹(ͦͦ)ġ
ϯҲ֮ǰ̫ˣĶӣĻǵһѧԺ͵ѧԺҪֳǲǿܻʧܣ
ǲúȥоķʮ**ʧܣͷ
()ϸѾɾɱӺ֮󣬻()ҲŲٷɵ˵Ҳ̫˼ɡ
ۣѹ˵ӭǽհᣬ(qng)ءϯţҲǹģϲ
а˸1630~~
()

873.873 Ůʲô

873 Ůʲô
˵ıֱֻ֣֪Ϳ˹Ҳһֱڹۿ
ǣŶȣһƣǰкõ±()
ͷܲڶѧԺǼ()ϸߺʣµ˿Ҳ(ͦͦ)ŶӸеġ
Ǽӷְɡ
˹ٶ֪ԼϴȽ()ôأ
֣ķ֣˷ֱһְɡ
ƽһ£Ƚͻͳһ£ټһ֡
òӣһ±()һܳŵϴҪ
ѵͽг̣һ¾͸֣Ǵûй(qng)
ͷһ()֣ǲǶ˵㣿̲סʡ
ƤֵôãܾЩˣļƻʺСǵķչҲ᲻װƸרŪֳҪ¸̫಻ʣֱӸʮ֡
㻹֪أЩ뷭ۡ
ɷϣУڸĸ﷢չϣ뷨ˡ
ڶѧԺ⣬ڣ˴䣬ʹվ˽Ÿô˽չ
Щ˵ڴСЩֶϣҲֵó޵ģǿѧԺѧڻںЩչ̫ˡ
˹ҲǺͬģѧԺѧԵЩѶϡ
ȻȷʵΪѧԺʰСĶöԷ˾裬ȥöԷ㹻ʱ׼ѽʰˡ
һѧԺãлǱѾ˼ƻڶѧԺЩˣ˼ȻҪ뷨Ҳҡ
ѧԺҪӷ𣿡һ˹ʡ
һֻӵڶѧԺķ֣϶˾ܿ˹ƫʲôġ
νĵͻľͼӰɣҪ־С
˼Һᣬֱӿ֡һ
ؼͷҲ֪ǲӽˮˣȻѰ˼սţȻȥ̳˵λá
ؼңֻа˼ȽʵҲᡣ
Ҫð˼˼̳˵ڶսţһΪʲôóָᱻΣ
Ҳϲ˼ã
µļӼ(qng)ÿ˵նϣҶЩԾ
ֱӼ֣ѧԺЩĪŮʲôôļӷ֡
()

874.874 ˣ

874 ˣ
Ȼ֪ԭ򣬱Ͼ˷ܺôӷ֣ǵڶѧԺ֮ǰĶȴҲûдϢϵԷҲأ˵ѾʧЧˡ
Ǹ֪ڶѧԺ(qng)ƿäһĸоܡ
Ҳɵٴ̲סҪȥǰҫ()ϸôܱγ
屻ô֣ǲ²ӦСĶֻһʱ䣬˲֡
֪ʲôϧȴûд𰸣ӶС
Ϊ˷涨ǲ(yn)˵նȥ˵ֱزҪ۴
˺͵ڶѧԺѧӷ⣬һѧԺ͵ѧԺбӷֵģлǱֱӱ֣мҲ֡
Щ벻ǰ˼֣ҲʹõѧԺЩԡ
˼̲סƵĶ˲١
ҵˣ˹پȻ֣벻ͨ
ͬܶӳڷңңȣ֮ǰлǱ࣬ҲԷ˾룬ö
οˣˣһҪͻ˶ȥҲо̳˵ĵ˭֪۷ˡ
һҲΪʲôᱻ۷֡
˼ȴԣСĽ跢չĿƻҲˣûʲôⰡ
һСĵĿ˰˼һ飺ҪȻлǹʣ
˼ɫѿ˼֣ɻͬˣֻҵ۷ֵԭ򣬲źøĽô
лⲢûסƵ꣬СõľƵֻ꣬а˼סģȻ͡
ҪסһľƵ꣬ҪǱס˾ķӡ
ҲõѧԺѧֻǰ˼˵ѧԺܶӳҲû취ԡ
˼ҵлʱоΪʲôܹ֡
ˣֻһ䣺Ϊʲôᱻӷ֣˹Ϊʲôᱻ۷֣㽫仰ȥȻס
СǣѾ(qng)ѹեСǵĶǶǼΪеģҪ
ɲ֪ԷǰϵԼ˼֮˵ʲôôȻҪͶԷ뷨
ҪǺˣǸıνСҲֻǶݵģ˵еľܵ١
ҲӼᶨҪŰ˼ߣ¶Է޷ٻָڶսż̳˵()ݣҲ׷涨ˡ
()

875.875 뵽һ

875 뵽һ
˼˴ȥϢɫ()ĸ
Ϊʲôܺ˹ٹܵǿֻҪǽСǸı䷢չ͵ˣ
ȴ֪֮ǰ뷨ҪˣֻܳԷֲ¼ӷ֡
ҪԷףȽԷüֵե
˻Сȥ̽£ʲô
Ժص㶢ͷ壬һʲôٶұ档
ߺߣ()ϸѵûа취˻СȥܴһЩϢ
ҪҪ˵ʲôģζõڶѧԺ̫ͻˡ
ǣ˺Ի·ȻƵģܿȥСǡ
ǵһսŵļ̳ˣСͿʼӢѵҲȽϽ˶Сǣֿ֣ϱ
֪ѧԺ˻˽ȥ˵һٶȥãǷºã
ȻǺˣʱǵٵϢǴȥˣص
ٺٵЦЦǹȻ뵽һ𣡡
ǲûѧУ氲()ϸǶУĽȸͲȤΪԼžԵţмģ½
ҲûйЩ()ϸʱһЩʻ
հװ豸͹󣬱濪ʼһʻǱңÿÿ޹ʮ
Ǳ۸һúܶ˶Ȳѡ
Ҫ֪ھԭҪǱңĸ˵ĶҪǱңóԵҪһǧǱϡ
Ҷ֪ԭʻģǡŴ׷۵ȣ۸ʵݵòʵˡ
ҪǴҪʻʲôζˣ߸ϼܣųȥļʻһˡ
⻹޹ԭ򣬷
ʻǹˣǲѧʵܽţ֪۵ЧΡ
ϼܵʻСʱȫһպ󣬴˿ͬʱҲ̲ס˷
رǲѧͨԼŬ˼ֵ̲סٴζһֳɾ͸С
Ľ⣬žٿһᡣ
۵(qng)˵˵ȻĹʣСûֽŲ㣬Ʒȴˣ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪ˵˼ˡ
鷳ǽСǵ
ÿṩҵλѧҲմ֡
£18~~
()

876.876 Ļ

876 Ļ
ǼȽŲ㣬һǶһֻ֣ǰӶ
һЩ⣬ִ˵ǵļͥ(qng)֪Ʒû⣬ҲȽθУ£ԺרŸϵۡ
ʵȽϼ򵥣ÿֻ꣬ϼܡ¼ܺͻشһЩͻʵ⡣
˵ļͥȽѣԴӲмźͺӺܳһٱһ٣Ļᶼϧ
ʵĻ˼ǴӻƷ۵ɣҲǵĻ()ڵ(qng)
ϾԺҪĲƷһҲȽæ
һݹȥ
ҪѰһ˾߿Թ̸
Сǰһ˾ҲǱѿأʼĻﻹȡ۸񶼱Ƚϸߡ
˾Ҳ̱ˣҵϳ۵ʻҪӲǱ߷
ļ۸񲻵ͣҲͲǺܴ
Сǵĸı䣬Ҫǣص㻹ҪؾԼҲŬ˭ȻͿ˭ӱȽˡ
˾ԼҲܿȴ붼ˣߺвŻᷢչԽԽá
ҲСǾĻᣬܲץסͿԼˡ
һȥò˳ԾͷԱȽϻ磬ҲȽϴ󵨵˾뷨
˼죬һɼ齨˾ȻЩģɻһ
Ҳȴ˻ϣ
º͵ĽӼǣǩ˺ϵԺг۵ĶǷȥ
з˰аæǱû취ֹϰġ
˾ļܿˡ
ȥϵ˵۶Ǻ͸˾ҲǵѺܿͽ˺üҲõ˴
Ϊʻ̫𱬣һʼһ켸򣬵һʮֶһ
ױСǵĳҲһʹȥ˺ܶƶԼֵܹĻƶ֡
ҪƷƶάֲʵǵʺƶҲȽϺ֣׼СǵľԼ֡
ƷεйŮֻһҪǩЭҲǲ(yn)й¶ȥҪ׷Ρ
ʻԹʸȽϺãӦƸƷ˺ܶࡣ
()

877.877 

877 
ûԼȥһӦƸѧԺһЩѧȥ¡
ôҶڿܶһЩ;顣
еľǶרеģÿζѧѯ˾ȼƻһͨ˲ſչġ
Ҳ˴ҶԽԽķڷûκβˬĵط
ʻȻ۸Ĳ󣬿ɼܲסÿ۵ܴ١
óϴԡƷֳҩ۳½
ÿûйȥԤȫֱӾɹѧ
ϴԡƷݻҪֳ尺ϯ塢Ҫҩ۳ҩѧȽѧ
ǰһЩȻԼȥˡ
ȽʵʣҶϣûгʲô̫⡣
ʻÿ涼Ʒ󣬼۸ͬڣһ
ȴȥſŶӣֱµͿˣÿҲ޹
ͬʱ껹˲ٵʳ׺ͶƷƵ˺ܶ˵Ĺעղء
ÿϼܶٶƷʮҾȫֻܱ꣬˭ֱȽϿ졣
ȻֻҪǸʱ˻ģܶ˶Ը˶Ʒζ
Ҳ˲ϲԣǴ˶ԶƷϿɺϲȶܸߡ
ֻǾӪһܵʱ䣬ɱȫˣǹӦ
һ˽Ӵÿŵϳ۵
ֳǱҲ죬ÿ춼˳ȥץ̻
βֻűѧԺѧȥֳĲٹ˴ȥرǰӶ˵ġ
ЩһЩԵķԼηȣʮֵá
ץֳڵı޾ʹȥ()()ȣͬŵϳۡ
Ϊ̵ƷǴӳйģζǳĺá
֮۸ҲȽУܿͳ³衣
ϴԡƷҲ˳ѧԺóȥо£ҹ˳ɷ֣ûκӼ
ϼ֮Ȼ۱ʻͶƷ()ѷɫܶ࣬ÿҲȥһЩ
һʼҲǱԵ̬ȣȥ(ͦͦ)ãۺҲȥˣҲʼ׬Ǯ
ҩߵòѣҩѧѧǸǺͶȥŪϼ֮Ҳܲ۸ֹѪҩҩ˺ܶ࣬ЧãܵӶǵĴӭ
()

878.878 ˯Էͷ

878 ˯Էͷ
һµʱܿȥСǷ˺ܴı仯
еľһɫͷԵĺ(qng)죬һЦݺڴ
ֻҪǺ˶ҵ˹ҪҪȥԺͲҩ߳˺ܶࡣ
ҲΪ˵Ļ֮˾ȳɹӣСǵҲ½⣬չ
ܳԱůǮҲСǵޱĽ
ڶѧԺ߲죬һķչԽԽá
һѧԺ͵ѧԺ˲ٵ鷳
һѧԺлǱĴ£һСǵĶɾȴ˽µʱ䡣
СȶԭеĻϷչ֮ǰЩӹĽ֮ʹãҲ˹˼ֻǹʴˡ
ϵרչ޺ҩĵȵ˽פСǣչ۸ָ
ҲԼоĿƻʵУû׬Ǯ
رѧŵڶѧԺֳ˰¾ͽץȫˡ
ֲ()ȣֳֻܽرա
һСҪصԭĻϷչȻڶѧԺѷɫҲȣСһֱӡ
ѧԺͱˣֳͬ⣬ץȫ⡣
ץһЩڵı¼ֻǮû׬˲ٵҽҩѡ
ݰŪĻױƷͶķǳʹõѧԺѧ˰µԲŻ˶豸Ǯ
˭֪ȴΪ۸̫޲ƷûҲ뵽˷ŵȥ򣬿ϧû
˲ټ۸񣬵Ҳ޼û취Ҷͱϴˡ
м˻ȥʹúֲãֱӴ˲
ױƷû׬Ǯеĳɱ˽ȥһʹ˵Ĺʡ
ݰҲ˼ˣݺݵһ١
˼ҪСǵĶɶԷҲǱ̬ͬȣ˰£˭ûռˣǾַˡ
Ȱ˼¶Ҫʰʱ˼Ѿ˳ֵ׼ֻ˰µʱŽɾȴ˲СĴۡ
ѧԺľӢܶ඼ˣҪ󿼺˷Сǵ֣߳Ҫʮˡ
ʰ֮ģµڶѧԺĳˣ˼Ҳ˺ܶ࣬ǵһѧԺһʼԭлȥı䣬ϧȴѾˡ
ΪǺǶҲŪóеľܵ˺ܴĲһ̻̲
Ȼûа()ϸҲܾϢ
̫ã˵ֲ㣬û뵽ѧԺԼ˯Էͷ˰
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱף12~~
()

879.879 ô

879 ô
С߳˼Ӷ˵ľǿĳӣԼҵ
ϵ̫𱬣ֻ۶ǵϲϵĺܶˣÿϰ()Ǹͻȥˢꡣ
˶Ͳù˼Ӱ࣬Ծֻټˡ
ڶǱңܶ಻ԣ(r)ӹıǰҡ
ûйˣҲһҪСǵľ()ݣǵһСǺ͵СǺܶ˶ӦƸ
رǵСǣֻǼʱܵ˴롣
֮ǰͺʹ飬Сһ𣬳׬ǮһϵĸؽСǣҳΧ˺ܶࡣ
ֻǮÿµĹҲ۳һС裬ЩǾԷͬġ
뽫Ȼ赱ȻҪĺһС
һ仯СǣԼԽԽȫıеľ񲻵ûзԣϢʱȥæ޽
ǼᣬƼչķɿ죬跿ݵֻҪ㹻Ĳϣ˹ӻ˽ܿ졣
ԭסڵСǵľСǹľͰסǰķ
ȻˣֻҪû⣬ȫŽ˳ϰ࣬ʴ͵ǵ󣬾Ҳͬġ
ǹ˿ϣر֮ǰĶԱȣһî˸ɾõ֡
ڶǣȰ˼ŵѧԺѧǶԭлϷչʱȴֳľܵ˴롣
ϸһʲ֪ȫСƸˡ
˼õﲻˬ˼㣬ȻŵڶѧԺľӢֱȥ˵ҪǸһ˵
ѧԺѧſڵʱһ۾ɴ󣬿ո¸ʵĳǽһΡеĳǳأ̲סԼ۾ǲǻˣ
һ£ǾѾĽֵزҲ̫˰ɡ
ſеڶѧԺѧСѡĻֵֻڡ
ôƺ(())(())һȺ˹ڶѧԺ˿ٵȥ㱨
ɴ˳ȥˣ⡣
˼Ҫǣȴſڵʱڷͻ
䣬ضӳô磬ܵǵĵҰˣ
˼۾ĸӳǺô磬ǹݷöýСѲɻű
˿£ǽ漴ߡ
ȥ˻ˣɻ˸ʣµ17~~~ףڿ~~~
()

880.880 ֲô

880 ֲô
Ŀ
£ǲӦ𣿡
еĶѹԭҪľǵ࣬ʲôǲ֪
ζ˵ȻڵѧԺм()ϸĺ£û˭֪ġ
㣡Ҫʦİ˼һҭ֮ǰ˵Ůݣԭ⣬ȴġ
ǵڶСǵ(qng)ʲôϵ
һǲע⣬ڶС˶ߣǲ̫ˣ
üעԴǣͨĹƸܲ˵ڶǵѹ治ȥˣҹʲôߣ㻹ӢѧԱأҿӦûͷȥúѧĻ
ǿʶ˼ըˣŮôôҪǵˣھȻ˵
ƲƲ죬úûĻĆ¡
Сǻӭǰ򹤵֮ˣǿ˭ֻҪǸŻȥȻûκ
漴һתԸǰᣬ˭ҪǸǿǣ۸СǵˣҾͶ˭צӡ
˵֮ȫߵϢǺԥͷ˳
ǰɹĽתΪ
ڳӶȻѾˣ
ˣôô죿˼ļߣԼ츳ܺˣû뵽һˡ
ЦΪʲôô죿ֲôϡ
ȥڶСȫг()Ե˷Ը
ǣ뿪
ڷڵڶѧԺ˵Ļû˻ᷴԡ
˼ȥЩߵľҲԵ˿
ֻҪЩ˳а취˴ȥ
Ҳǲ鵽˳ȥˣŸҪ˵ġ
ȥû뵽Ȼˣ˲ϨҪͶԷֱӸɼ˵˼
ŲϵĴٺܾòϳˣдɢܵϢһʮǿưĸо
벻ͨˣôǸ߰ø磬ƽŵòеķ壬ȻϲŮˡ
Ů˲Ӧˮ(qng)
ֻ()ߣĸˣôǿư˵ķͷˣȢȥ
̫ˣԾԶ֮ļȢ޻ȢͣɲǸޡ
()

881.881 ˭

881 ˭
ֲɵңð˼û׷
Ů˽˰ؼңôǿƸ󣬾ԻǴ鷳
˼Ŀ()ɨɨһ˺ܲϲĸо
۾ľϵɢԭֲڳǽǵ٣˲ɳ۳һޣС
žȫûԤϵ(qng)£ֱӳ˰˼()ϣңͰ۾ڳ
˻˼ۣɴ۾ŲţŮˣ㾹ҳң
ľ㣬˭۾ҿҰƽ()ӱȽºͣҲƽ׽ˣ߷ʱ򣬻Ǻܰŵġ
ڶѧԺ̹ˣȴûоˡ
˼ʾ˭
ǿǷӳûΪ۸ˣ
㣡˼ȥģϧɱȶԷȼȥǲҳôֲɵ
вŮߣһܹȥ
Ƴһۣ˻Ȼȥؼҵļ̳λãҪ㵱ڶսŵļ̳ˣǿսӣͶܰ
һҹҲ磬͸ֱǰ
˼(qng)Ѿ˵ˣؼҪð˼֮λǵڶսҲˡ
ؼûʲôڶսһ⣬ܵ(())
ûκ
̫ˣֻǿһŮ˲㶷ˣΪ㣡˼޲˺ȴû취
Цû£ŮƽȣԲҡ
˼ŭЩ壬ȻܵŮˡ
ôǿƱ뺷ѹԭ()ӵķʲôС()ôȫѹȵİɡ
˵ҲǣȥҲǡ
ôʱڶС֮ǰܵľȫڶѧԺѧ˹
ת˻⣬Щ˵ǰȫ̫ˣ
ڶСǶѾȫγǿԷĵĸһȥˡӹҲȥǵĹʴõܴߣǰⶼٵˡ
֪ȥˣԽǣĳ˵
ԼѾֳ˺ܴĳ⡣
ڶСǵľȴһʲôʱҪȥˡ
㿴ңҿ㣬ȫĬ
()

882.882 ˿

882 ˿
״֮ǰͷŵϢ
º͵ĿڵģضӳҽǿڶСǵģԽҪǻȥ
˼ԭ˼ȴࡣ
ô˵ЩǷ׷ױ˱
˿Ű˼üضӳˣǿСǵĹй۹ʴǸƶȶܺãǾԼμƸˣĶӳûйϵ
ǰǽ빤ǰûкĶӳӴأضӳɲˡ
(ͦͦ)ãͲȥˣҲͷضӳ((co)co)ĺ鷳ˣ
ԶԣǲٻȥˣѾǣΪľˡ
ллضӳĺ⣬ˣȴǸǶҪ
ǰڵڶǹʲô(r)ӣֹʲô(r)ӣˡ
˶ԱȲֵܷõĲڵ(r)ͷϣǿɲȥֱѹե(r)ӡ
ضӳǰЩĸ߲㹴ģŪЩҲȫˣƷͲãȻûжټʶȴ۾
ǺҪʱ֣ǽ˵СǵĹԻʳãɳķڳǾסǿɲǶ𱨵ˡ
ȥڶʲôͷ϶һ㣬հصĻ治ǺöһֱҪǣûš
ȻڶСǵ˱û˵ʲôȴ԰˼ܴ󣬲Ҳ¶˳
Ļ˼ɫ˳Щ˲˶ãͱˣ
ĶӳǺֶΣ̲ס̣Ϊ˻֣ƴ
ЦЦûаضӵֶκãʵʵĽ跢չǳؾͺˣɲŬʵƴһƴôĴ󣬻ЩΪȥƴֶβ
Ҳѹֲϵı۷֣˲ţѧԺҲҲˡ˷̣ȻҲ
ΪڶǶң˼˷˺ü֡
⻰Ҳļϴ˿Ρ
ֺڣΪǷŮѣҾͲҶΣ
Ů˼ֱ̫ɶˡ
ҪҵŮΣͻȻһӺ
˿ȥͼսװ˧ķ壬˹ȫ()ɢҺܲ˵Ϣ
()

883.883 Ƥˣ

883 Ƥˣ
˼ôôͻˣ
ôֱȻԷһЩȻη壬ȴӲš
壬Ů̫ˣС˲˵һǣ³ĶӣҲܹܡ
˶ϲ̫ǿƵŮˣ÷ӦҲһ
ȴˣ(ƨp)ӵϱݲ˵ĵġ
˼һʱ䲻ʰСӵƤˣ˹ȥ
ô˼ˣΪڶսŻߵ۶Ǿˣ㵱ģ
ϱĶǶԵģõڶСǺ͵ڶѧԺѧλͣصġ
ֽ˼˹ӵ˳ſڵǽǣڵԽԽˣϱ㶼Ҳ磡
˼ǰͱüΣʱӵ䲻ɵóˡ
磬ҲҲģҪڶСܹ˴ߣᰡڨڨЦЦ
ĵѧԺѧһ˳ǣû뵽˼ڷǰ˳
һ֮ǰ˼Ҳ°
һЩԸģϱʲô£
Ҳľ񣬲úõĴȥĽڶСǰɣûʱˡ
ԷˣҲٳ֣Ҫ̳аؼңҲԲˣ
˼޵ýȴ֪ȫҲǷĶ֣һУʹ˻ȥ㽨裡
Ҳֻ̽жʮˣǻʲôûиô࣬Ҫô찡
ȥԼڡ
˼ѵĿ첽߻صֿڶСǵľ񣬡ѾСģһǹ(r)ӵġ
ڶСǲǵļңѵòҪһȥɣҳŵΪǼнӸĻ㡣ŵ
Щܹ˭Ϊŵ˭ᰡҲҪǡ
ʻƷ()ĶֻԽԽãĶӳ˵ˣԺ󼾶ȶӪҵʣǺòײȶ
ǰҲǴطڶǵģĴֻȶллضӳĺ⣬ȥˡЩ˶˼ȴҲҽˡ
˼ٴαӣߣãǺġ
Ȼѡ£ԺŻȥҲˣ˵ת()ߡ
ѧԺҲúܶ׷ת()뿪ˡ
()

884.884 

884 
Щѧ˶԰˼ҲһԹһûжȴҪŵܶӳ
ںˣǵѧԺ۷ѧԺܹ뽨˶ܵòˣ˭ŪЩӹ
˼ߵһ룬Ըȥ֮СǵĴŷ(yn)ˡ
ӶҲȥˣȫӹʺ͸ǻָ
Щ(())ʶôҲֻǿֶˡ
ķԸ̲סʣӳ᲻᲻ãҪǵķô죿
˼ߣǹʺ͸Ҳһأ㶼ôܷ
ǶӳǶӳ漴˶Էһۡ
Ƕӳ˵㣡Ҳż䵭
һڵѧԺúܣղڷǰȴˣ˼ҫ
Ҫлⲻ뵱ܶӳֵõҸоȴûжٱµİؼү
ֱĻǰҲ԰˼׷²ۣʾɣҪǿƱ˵ΪǷе˼㡣
ͬʱ԰ؼҵӡҲŲ
С˱͹ĲףһȻŪ۶Ϊ˼ңѹֶȥ
СǺ͵ڶСڵĶԱȣֱһһأһҲᷴʡ¡
ڶս˿ֱһ԰˼ӡ󶼴˹ȵס
ҿɲϣ̳ˣսŵķҪܻˡ
һսź͵ڶսսѹϵҲźܶľǰ˼ͷǲµģҲԣǰ˼ˡ
ֱǶڶսŵǲ˶ȥ߲㷴Ӧư˼̳ˡ
ؼҵĸ߲Ϊ˼˵ѧԺܶӳҲһֱڹעԭϣ˼㣬ǧ壬Ϊؼ⡣
˭֪ԴܶӳѧԺ·ǽؼҵˡ
ľߣֱӽ(qng)ͱ˰ү
үӿزýԼϲ໨ɲ豭ˡ
ˣ۵Ļˣڷնյ˲ٵڶսŸ߲תϢ˼ǲϿɰ˼̳ˡ
˻ͽȥԶɡԸ
ǣ˶˲ѣһ̳˺ѡ˱𣬶Ǻ
˭֪үֱ˰˼ֽ
绰ҪԶҶʱ˼ͶӰų˴
˵ʿȥŵսװȾŲѪӲսꡣ
()

885.885 ˭ˣ

885 ˭(yn)ˣ
˼һĮүӵɫҲܵ
үү£
үӿȻЩãɻû
ϻȥǿŰǲμӵһѧԺĿ˰ɣжʮʱ䣬һкġһӶôȻϣһһ
˼ȴҲǸڵһλˣĵһҪִһ֮ϻѾˡ
ʲôȥȡˣүü
˼𴽱һܵĻȣүүѾսѵӪˣսֱӹϽģһ£ҪʧҪ
ڶսŵս˧λãɻȥȡȴ˭ܰѿˡ
ȻҪֱװɡ
˵ֱֻҪʱ䶼ῴҲῴز
ԽԽͣǷϲҲ̲ס󣬿Ҳͬ˷㡣
֪ٵطԼǲģֻܽǷݼ¶ϲѹ¡
ǰʱү͸¶ˣҪҶС˼ҪǻɴǰܻνϾȢ˭˵һȴֻзС
ϲʱݲŮˣȢ˱ҲǺˣαҪ˺һ޹Ůˣܾˡ
ҲŸᶨԼľģֱȥμսżѵӪѡΣҲɹѡ˽ȥ
ҲֻнսѵӪлһսӡ
޷׷(i)(qng)ǾͽеľͶ뵽ϲҵаɡ
үͬؼҵ˶˾ȫû뵽˼𣬾Ȼżľ
ˣ˭(yn)ˣүӲõһȥսǱ߰˳սѵӪġ
ؼһֱҪҶҶҶȽҶүӳ(i)С㣬Ҳʾ˶԰˼ϲ
ֻȴʾֻǰ˼׼У˵ɽٻ
ȴû뵽һֱأúʶӣȻʼ治ˡ
˼𴽱߳ĻȸսѵӪֻԼ˳үүӦףǲȥƳġ
үүȱԴҲǷȱܶ࣬Ծͼɡ
Ҳõң˼ڣҾͲȥˣ
ҵδɣˣүүټԥ˵绰
үӲûΣˣˣҲǸˣ
һĶʡģˡ
()

886.886 Ѫ

886 Ѫ
Ҳû뵽˼ξȻôӲ
ɷϰ˼ȷʵйȴͬʱһ̫ɵˡ
Ϊһڸܾүүȥʱ()սѵӪȫӻˡ
ǵģΪ˼һжΪϲȻôܾܾҶҵС㡣
ȻС㲻ҶҼŮΪҶүϲλǷǳȹ̵ġ
ǵʱүȡĽöҪˣɰ˼һȻϡеˡ
үүˣҲΪ̫ϲŻģ
ǰͨ˵ͻˣ
˱ǰүӣʵϾڸ˼ҩ
үӣٺҲǷҵˣҶҵСﲻˣҿǹϡ
ȢˣΪã(qng)Ȼôôھˣ
үǱˣһûв뾺Ů˵ҶСϵȥתıʾ£˼ڻɻ飬֮ǰӰ첻С
Ҳŵ֪ҶССϲ˼֪˾ܾԭǲܷŹġ
Ե治ҲöԷܣҶǱҲ÷ռкô
ؼСȻûо̳ˣȴˣȻȥ(qng)үүģһõģ
ԶڵڶСǵֽ֪()ϡ
ʱͻȻӵ˷֪ͨȫԱǼϣҪ(qng)Ҫ
ҲôӽͿǵҪ뿪Թ㶼С˹ţҲͷ֣ǲЩӦҲӦ
ŵڶѧԺѧڵһʱ͸ȥ˲ǡ
ȵģһͿܿ˹еǰ
ڶѧԺǰܶӳǰ̧
ԡ()ЦݣԤƵʱִ
ѧԺѧÿ˼һ֡
񣬡ǣ
˻ص֮ǰλϡ
ڼӷ֣һʼڶѧԺѧǣܸ˺ͼȴľˡ
Ϊһʱӷְ֣ǰһֱѧԺռ
˽ʮӣһѧԺлǱĴҲִ˲ǡ
лǱͬǰ񱨵
˿ʱ䣬òԤƵʱϵִӷҲ۷ˣ
һ⻰лǱ֪ڶѧԺ϶ֱӷˣЦž˻ԭء
ѧԺʮ֮󣬲ڰ˼Ĵµִ
δǰͿڵٵʮӣѧԺÿ˿һ֣
;ĵĵѧԺѧòݸϹһ䣬Ѫĳ嶯
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~ٴף~~~ʮ~~
()

887.887 ǲ̫ƽˣ

887 ǲ̫ƽˣ
ѧԺÿ˱һ֣԰˼ֶ˼ֲ
ҪһŲȥڶСҲ磬ôᵢ˸Ϲʱ䡣
ҪҲɹҲ˵ˣͷʰˣ˵Ƕö
ֻٲˬҲֻˣһվÿǰŵı
ѧԺҲͬܿ˹٣Ҫ֪ͻȻüΪʲô
˵ˣվ()ڵһµʱȥСǵĸƻг̶ȲͬЧҲȽϴ󡣡
ʣµĶʮʱѾı䲻̫࣬ҸסҲסˣǽͲˡ
εĿ˱Ϊ˿УѧǵӦԼʵµʱû̫ɹⶼڴҵĽܷΧ֮ڡ
ǵĿҪǴѡһЩⷽӵкǿܵˣǽսŻǽ貿Ϊ
ֻǶǣⷽȻôͻҲΪûжȨٵڶѧԺͻ츳ˣαֵҲܺá
һѧԺ͵ѧԺȻչ⣬ҲͻֵˣҲЩΪĿĴﵽˣҲͲⷽˡ
ǾÿԽˣУѧȴˡ
رǵѧԺѧǷֵǸСǼûиı٣ʾ֭취ڶʮڽ跢չ
ܿ˹ȴǣˣǵĻô졭
ǲ̫ƽˣ
һѧԺѧҲЩȻĽ(qng)ԭеĻģľɱڶѧԺȴһЩ
Ҳ취׷ȥ˭֪ȴ֪ͨˣʲô
Ҳ̫ƽ˰!
￴ǵ˼ЦһѧԺ͵ѧԺͬѧǣǾͨʮʱ䣬ܳϵڶѧԺ𣿡
ǿĳÿһӯѾʼԶСǣٵ۹۹ϣ߿ŹȨޣǱߵҲϹʻƷȡ
ֻھչСҲ췭ظı仯ֻС޽ȣСǾľò
ûжԱȣǿܻоѾ˽һ(qng)Լʵʩ(qng)СڵòƵھͷŸǿԼԶԱ°ɡ
ȻҪĳɼȻҪóܷ˵Ķ
̧ģܿһͶӰƵ˴ҵǰ
()

888.888 òԩ

888 òԩ
Ҳǰ̨
ڰСǵ˳򲥷ƵһСǿʼ
һ䣬ӵһѧԺһСǿʼƵͲ
ʱ䲢ܳзչ(qng)ص㣬ԼȽͻ˺(qng)ȥ
һСҲвٵĸı䣬ӹĻҲҵ˹̶չ̣˵Ĺʸõ˲Сߡ
лǱͬ֯޽˵һСǣСǾľòҲı䣬˶Цŵģó״㡣
˵ٿһжǳźõķչ
ȥǵڶСǵ(qng)
(qng)ЩˣͶǮʹŪȫˡ
˵ĹȻûǷѧԺѧԺͳҩݵȻȡǱ֧
֮ǰ˵ĸҲûˣǽûʧҵˡ
žǺǶĶѧˣСǾ
Сǵ(qng)ûжٷչ͸ı䣬ǳò֮ǰһ㣬еľһ״̬ǰ࣬һֿĸо
ϵ(qng)ҲƵв˳ϴԡ¶⣬ԶһϼܣᳬСʱͻᱻ⡣
ǶƷǼϼܾͱ⣬ֻܵȵڶ졣
ǵСǣƵĲϲţСǵı仯Ҳڴ
ֻչãСǾľòҲǺǲͬġ
()϶ɢһֻ㣬һǴһֶδ
ƵСǸոµΧǽġ
ֻҪ۾Ϲ˶ܿǵı仯󣬸ڿȥѾ˲ǡ
ѧԺ˸Ű˼ȥҲ磬ѾСǵⲿ仯ȴû뵽ı仯Ҳôܲζ
һѧԺѧֻ˵СǷչĺܺãĶõϳۣܻ𱬡
ȴҲû뵽Сǵı仯ô󣬲ɷŵڶѧԺɹı佨˵СǣЧһĺá
²ϣҲ֪Լһˡ
˵ֻжʮʱ䣬ٸµʱ䣬ܳϵڶѧԺġ
ԭѧǣʱһͷ
Ƶȫֱ꣬ӿʣνĿǰ𣿡
֮ǰУڿƵȻûˣֻűˣòԩ
ֻûУ
ҲΪεĿ˻ԲȻеѧУĺܲҲѧУȴĺá
1630~~~
()

889.889 ׷ϣ

889 ׷ϣ
ŴҶʵʩ⡣
ǰ
ڶѧԺѧΪ콨ܳɹÿ˼ʮ֣쵼ǿټʮ֣ԼİѿҲǿӰ˷֡
һѧԺѧ콨ȻҪѷɫڵڶѧԺҲźõķչÿ˼֣лǱټ֡
ѧԺѧ콨ƻʧܣֲ䣡
콨ǰѧԺĻȻҪٴӼ
ڶѧԺͬѧһ϶̲ס¶Цݣεļӷ֣ǵڶѧԺ׵ֵܻһˡ
Ƕû뵽зͷǹһѧԺһ죬ƵԼŬСǣɵһԺͳɾ͸УҲûеġ
ǳɹͷ壬˴Ҹӵ
һѧԺѧһƲѣôһѧԺ쿼жǵһѵҪǽһͳȥ
ǲǳ˵һѧԺˣȥ֮󻹲֪Ҫѧѧʲôء
ŵСǵƵҲû˵Լһ϶Ӯ˭˼зʵ
ѧԺѧҪѪˣöѡ
׶˵ˣϾǰҲûеףֻѧԺʧܣ۷֣Ĺؼ˼ѧԺӷˣֻǱֲ䡣
εĿ˶ֱͨķʽеģ֪˿ء
ȴҵ(qng)ƽֺ󣬼ı佨СǵǵĿûнҲܼ׬ȡλûȫء
Ŀǰȵĵһϣ֣ڶ͵Ҳģǻ׷ϵϣ
ô˵һѧԺ͵ѧԺѧ۾һ뿴
ӵһϢǰǿһ֧ӢСӣǱŰǣǽйء
ڳѧһɴ۾Ȼǳ¡
в˻ǿôоӢǱ
ԸҰ޺ͱޣѾĿ˷˺ǿȴܵЩη塣
û취ǿ޺ͱ޿ȫͬģܻûģӵи츳ͨӵкƵսײУı
˻Ҳ˸ˣҪսŵ˶˾лҪǿ޶
()

890.890 ǻ濴Լ

890 ǻ濴Լ
Ҹ˼Щ֣ʲôǿ޾ӢСǱŰǣ
ѵǳЩ˵ѧģ
Ϊ֮ǰĹأҲҿʣһԹԺŵģ
ɨɨˣʣ֪ǿ޾ӢСӣΪʲô𣿡
ǲǳİһѧԺ̲ס˵
Ƕһ˵ľӢǿҲϣǳɳԾ˾ӢҪƻ߰ɱ
뷨ҲŴ˵뷨
üûлش𷴶ŷ塢лǱͰ˼ʣ˾أ
˼Ȼش𣺡ҾǿҪƻˣȻУľӢʧȻгɳᡣ
Ļش˵һ˼
лǱ˵Ҹоûô򵥣ǿ϶ƻģ߻ʲô()ı
Цһǻ濴ԼǿһưޱȣƻˣɱνδɳľӢ()ûôģΪŰǱضͼĶ
ȻȻǳͼĶ˳ʰЩӢҲǲġ
ǿ˵սŽֹܶΣԶԷѾʮ˽⡣
УľӢ˸ǿҪ۳ȥ⣬˶Էۡ
Ŀ˵أ𿴺ֻѧڿˣʵ϶ͣŲսսžӢġ
ǿ޿ûôɵɾӢֻΪ˰ɱЩܲгɾ͵ѧ
ǵľӢӸмֵȥս϶ɱĽ켶ء
ô˵˼˵˲ˣһʲô˼ǣ
ô˵УӢǿôͲҪɱˣ
ǻ²ۣȴЦ˵Ĳ̫Լģǿ޵ľӢӿûôС
˼˵ֺ죬Ǳߵġ
лǱֵܺһЩԺľӢѧԱ޵Ŀ˿壬ﲻɵø̾սںǿ޷˽
ĿأֿЦʡ
뵽֮ǰһνɽĪĸоĵʲô¡
ϸȥ֪ȴʧˡ
ʱŴԲժҩģҲͷһûܣȴ뵽һ
֮ǰоδɽ򣬺ʲôڣҲ²˵ǿͼҲǳǸȥİɡص
()

891.891 ٸߵҲν

891 ٸߵҲν
ĻڳĺܶѧЩĪ
رǵһ͵ѧԺľӢһ¿ûɽ꣬ɴûзʲô
ǳʲôþ˰ɣ
Цȴе¶֮ɫܸ֪׽ǹ
ģ֪Լ¶ˣʵ˵ֻһ˲ʱоˣϸȥ֪ûС
ĶԻҲסڳˡ
ܿ˹ٵӣӦʲôڣ˭ûиܵȴܵˣ
֪Ҳ̫˰ɣôţ
ڳ˳ľs⣬УʮˣҲsľأôûи֪
ⱡҲͬ뵽ˣʣֻsľ
ЦЦǰǣָҲûвԹӦҲǵİɡ
ʱȤһ˵ʱģָ֮кСġ
Ҫһɣøǵľ(qng)Ҳò񡣡
ܿ˹ٶô˵ˣȻþܾã
()ָ󣬾ʶںΪһ壬֮ϵ֪Լľ츳ȼӦġ
ҲûʲôȻοѾôߵˣٸߵҲνˣ
ǿռߣǰҲսӵͷʱΪԱԾ()壬Էֹĵ(qng)Կռ÷һ̨ȽȽĲǡ
˳԰ɡ
ţ󷽵ǰ
ǰûвԹȴм֪ôԡ
ͷŵĽܶˣܿ˸ԭһƬɫϵٵ쭡
ڳ˿һĻֽŵĿš
ڰɣsľˣѲɻܱss
Ҳйssľ֮˴ڣֻһ˵ˣһûУսľżսͳ˧Ҳֻs츳
ľ˵㣬ȴss
ֱƵǰһҲĿתضŴĻ˵Ľš
ĸ߲ӵϢҲ׷׵㿪ֱۿ
еĲ˵ǱһãϣҪͻƳΪssľǶ˵Ǻºʹ¡
ҲssǴ˵ǿʵֵġ
Ҳ룬Ҳÿ()
()

892.892 °͵һĻ

892 °͵һĻ
Ŀһֱڲϣڳ˹Ҳһ
ֳֻ˵ɫɵģһڲԵȥޱȣν
һǷ壬ûб¶ĵһŽȥϱˣϱ϶ss
Ҳйעﵽ˼㣬һ׵ıūˣϱûвõĻ߲еġ
ʵźͽҲԭģ˽ɽĺҲ֪һɺ΢
Ȼÿζһ˲ţȴԲ
ָ󣬸оȼ츳ͻƣȻûȥԣȴӦõssˣԼϱġ
ֻΪ˲¶ԼľѾָû˵֪(qng)
ǰΪҪѧԺѧһϹǵ۾дһЩſϷ˵
ȴΪ֧ǿ޾ӢСӡ
Ҳ֪(qng)ܿͽעŻصڲԵ()ϡ
һ·ܿ͵˳ɫһ
ϣŲͬľȼɫsɫ˫s
˳ɫһ֮ǵٶĽ
ҿ(qng)˿Ҳвʧ˾
ϵ½ǵһʾţӴ룬ѹƿȡ
˳˳ǣܿ˹ħ˰ɣ
˭֪Եȼ;ȲûжϵȼţǰѾȫľҲı䲻˰ɣ
֮ǰͷžһֱѹţҪڹ۲ǣܲԼƲԽ
˵(ͦͦ)ʵģĿ˾ǰȴúܿ졣
˳ɫһٶ·Ҳһѵķš
֮ǰϻѡ޿εʱѧķţҲŻ
ǲѹž価Ĵ䵽˲ǵĶˡ
˾°͵һĻˡ
ֻԭѾֵͻȻһɫٶȥ
Խɫһֱӽ뵽ɫһ񣬽ٶֽȴǰƶ˽һλãųͣ
ŴҾ˲һڱ˹е˵̶𣺡ssssss
˵飬Ҳһִδй(qng)Ҳŵһ˴̨ϲԳss
޸ģ30~
()

893.893 һ

893 һ
Խڳ˶ˣ
ʲôȻssľ̫˲ˣ
찡ssľǿǴ˵еĴڣû뵽Լ֤漣ķ
ѹܵȼٶô죬ԭѾssľ
ָȼȻмʣòƼҲǿӽģҲ̫˰ɡ
ȻһϲһԾΪ⼸½һλssˣţˣ
ľss𣬲֪()û
ɣ()ҪҲ̫ˡ
ǰû˵һġ
ľȳ̶Ȳûô󣬷·Ӧһ
·˽ЦҪ()츳ȼһ²°ɣֻ̨ĿǰȽģܲ()츳
ܹ֪Ҫĸ֪ҪҪssľ
û()ϷǾʹľѾss˲ûжྪȡ
Ҳ()츳ȼŻὨ顣
ЦЦУǾһ԰ɡ
һֱо()ǿ˲һ㣬츳ȼûûҲá
һͬ⣬µ²ǣ֮ǰվĶԶ˽ȥ
һڵĶӲ
þȫŵһȭ
ͷ֪()츳Ĳصǿٶȡ
ûѹƣȭͷȫŵһȭ
΢΢Ļζ£ֲϵ
ҿӴaɫһԾ嵽sĳɫʱȫ嶼ٴξˣ
ֵһͣȼ츳ֵͣûб
()ʲΪs
Щˣû뵽һˡ
ss()sڵ츳һԾΪһĴڣܲܿ۵׵ľȡ
ЦЦȽϺðɣ
üͬѧ̫ǫˣ
漴ζĲ䣺ܶʱҲʵһ֡
֪()ʺ;츳Բֻ϶Ϊʲô߷ʲô
ÿ˵ĻͬץŲŻ̽
ܿأ츳ԽǿȻԽõģһܵˣ˵ԼҲ
()

894.894 ޵

894 ޵
ĶԻҲ˸ղһ˲ֳĲ񻰵ա
s()ʣͻȻ뱬ֿô죿
Ҳ˵ҿȫǱ̬
ҵ죡ss()sҲ̫˰ɣ׵ĳĿǰ츳һˡ
̫ţȴʵˣôģҾԲֻΪ˫츳ָ˫˫ġ
Ҳǣ˫츳һһôɺϵ(qng)
ôʲôԭ˫츳Ƕһʵ
ѧѧ񣬲ֻӱ(qng)츳ҲҵᲢ۵ġ
ˣôĻûз˭Ƿˡ
ŵϲģٴӷϲĵţϮʷֱ̫־ˣûУ
־Ĵ˷ˣ
Ľţ((Ʊ))ˣ
ѧ̲סţҪ˵ĽǾǼٵġ
ʲô취˼ҵʵĽҲûá
˹һҲסˣҲû뵽μεĿˣȻܼ֤һŵĵ
ڶѧԺѧһǼѣٶת˳ݡ
ǵĶӣûţֻиţ
ҲЩ()ʶһȼķԾڹñ־Ȼ
Ҿ˵ϱˣ۹ôôأϴĽһϱţ((Ʊ))Ǿͼʰɵ
Ҷһͷߣ˵ѧԺˣԱߵĵ尵˶
ⲻҪļһ޵ģ
ǲμĽҪ壬ȴܷϣһ۹治һĺã
ҲһֱĻǰһ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
ϲһƵҪѪôʲô¶Ůˣ
ϲǼȻʧ
ĲƵҲķ˿ǽСƵȥӡ
ǵıΧһּ̫ţˣЩ˺úõĿ
ĸ߲Ҳˣʵssľs()˫츳Ѿüûгֹˡ
ǴӾs()aһԾȥģ𶯿֪ж
Ҫվŷң()ʵֺܹ㣬ѾҪץȥо˼ʹˡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

895.895 繫ϵ

895 繫ϵ
ڵһʱվϲ
ұʾǼδޣ˭ҪǸҴ⣬ôǺͷΪУһҽݡ
ҪΪ˸лĵ˻߼⣬Ͼ˫츳ˣǺȥģƵһ漣
϶ܶ˶Ҫ̽ô츳ġ
ҵҲΪģȴ׼̽ѯʣֻҪþУ˭Լˡ
ԭѾ뷨˺ͼ壬ҹҲԥ
ܿһ棬ĿǰΪ½ss()sľţܵҪ˭Ҷ֣ǽᴥɣᱻС
⹫ڹٷͨԺģзЧӦȻзӵֱС
ҵĻǹϵģû˭òԣЩԭsҪ֪̽ԭ˺ǲʡ
(qng)ֻ䶯Ȼ۹ٵ۹ҲˣҲܾûгssˡ
Ǳ߰ڷҲ֣۹ĴĳЩȴ£ǲӦʲôúõ̽Ҫԭ
ɺܿ죬뷨ȷˡ
۹Ĺٷǲǹϲ̫ʾ˭ҪǸҽ()ϣҲ˭ݡ
ǲһ˵˶ˣû뵽۹̫ϵѾõֵز
ɸ˵۾Ļں档
ֻʱ䣬Լһ
ٵ۹ʵ۵ĹٷǲҲһݡ
ǹϲٵµ۹֮ǰãʾ˭ҪǸҴСõ⣬ǾǺԣͬݡ
ԭƾ׼֮󹫲ϵģõ츳ȴֱعˣͻȻƱػ෽ע
зѹЩм屳һ㲻º֣򱻲Ҫ군
˲֣ȴ۹˲֡
£ĹϵǷһ֪ˣǵã˭ҪǶǾҪܱǱ׼
֮ǰҪǺǸֲҲܹˡ
Ǳ(qng)ҲܺãȫܹӻԼá
Ѿǿƿ۹ϻʵȫܿˡ
Щ֮ǰһֱԵֵܣҪʰȨҪңҪģֱӱˡ
()

896.896 Ǽ

896 Ǽ
ôеĶ֣ҲǱ˸÷̼ˡ
ٵ۹ü̺ͼҪٴζԸƾͼưѶԷȫ
Ȼ̫ӣȴѾʼȫȨǼʵ˶֪׳Ϊ۹Ȩߡ
֮ҲвŮҪ̫ӸΪʰֱȽˣҲ֪̫̫еĵλ
֮Լʵʰ˺üƵ˻߼壬ǰҪλȡ֮˶Ϩ˼Ҳ
Ҳ诺ƾվ̬ȫǼʣ
诺˸ɽõ(qng)֪ˡ
˭û뵽ٵ۹Ǹ˵ǧι츳ʵҲǺţµۣȻҲϵĸ硣
ֱϹ˵۾
߲𺳲ģʷϣһȨͬʱҪӻˡ
Ҳըˡ
[ԵĶϱ۹̫ãٵ۹µ۵ã()ŵˣ]
[ҵ찡ôģ]
[̫ˣʷ˭()ݣôţ((Ʊ))]
[ձssľֱٻʵ۸磬ֱ̫̼ˣԶôţ]
[ѹϴٵ۹Ļʵ۾͹֧ԭǸ簡]
[ֻ()˭]
[ղֱһޣҾҪˣƸˣ]
[϶ģ޷ҪѧԺ()ͬΪС]
[Ϊʲô񿴵ѧԺѧǣ֪Ϣʲô(qng)]
[Ҳ֪ͻȻ뿴ΪޱᣬΪҲˣ]
[¥ˣ㣡]
һƬ٩[֪᲻ͬ˵()ݣñøЩɣܳܣ]
[һнпܣòҲû()ݣţ((Ʊ))˰ɣ]
[ʲôʱǿ˵ӳ˵ĸ磬Ҿ͹ˣ]
[ҪǲҲ]
ⶼǴҿЦĻ
ſƾ칫Աߣ۾Щ۵ĳСƲƲ죬ʲôĲڣǵһʱĳ
ǾԲ᷸ȥϹҪ˵ġ
ƲСӻû(qng)ͱƾˡ
޳䵽Խë׵ͷϣ࣬Է˳ĽëȫŪҡ
ãü
17~~
()

897.897 Ƶ

897 ((Ʊ))
ԽҪȴңǱƾˡ
ǰ÷岻Ǹ񣬿Դӱƾס()ߺ֪ʲôħ
ôᣬֻڳЦЩ˰ˡ()һǿһǿջЦش
ƾ˳Ķ䣬õ⣬㲻׼򣡡
õ츳¶ˣǿǱжǿʱܲˣֻȴеǰ취ʰ
Խë˺ڣ㵱ʲôأҲŲͷǻ쵰ȥŮˣҿһƷˡ
ҲǺˣ֮ǰûôͬǸСħŰȥء
˵ǿ˵ļ̳ˣôܻϲŮӣҪǸҺ͵зŮο(i)(i)ڶҪ
ƾѲɻΪҪãҪ֣֪ǿŮأߺߣ
ƾ˫۳γ˵ѣȻ֪Էֱӵ˼ȴû׼͡
ǳӻãҪĶӦñȥˡ
е㼬ֵķǿˣ֪ssľ϶ٳɳȥ
΢΢۾ƳԽһۣϴСˣѱڣҲȥһ̸̸ˡ
ֺĶԷͷԣ
Ҫǻɲŵƾ()ߣԽѾըëáˣңҪ((Ʊ))ͷԷ֣ʾԼĺܹԡ
ƾ۾Уɵô˸ħҪʲô˰ɣ
ôģǿӣ((Ʊ))ģڵ(qng)ܳȻȺСħʹħ
ҪǸ֪(qng)֪᲻ᱻ顭
ssϢֻͬҲǿˡ
һ֮ǰǱǵľӢСӣҶ⣬ܽԶ
ûãԭͱȡˣֻǾץǲ˺
ýӵСӺԷɲƲ磬ϧһд۽ɱеϣҪ˺ĻץѶȿɾ̫ˡ
Ҳ̫Ϊˣ֪˭⡣
²۳ǿ޹ţƾ¶ֵǺۣҲ֪ǸС˵û¡
һһԾǵǣıӡ
ǲǡ
׼Ҫʼýȥһ˹߹յߵ˵˼䡣
ɶˣӺۣҲ~~ںõˣȥǼд20~~~
()

898.898 ˱˰

898 ˱˰
˹ٵĻ΢΢㶡
ȻնɨɨȻ˴ǲϢ
ͬҲܾȣû뵽λµ۾ĸ硣
ܿ˹֮ǰýһҲΪݺƾӴ
Էһλ()ӷǳ䵭Įĵ()۴츳ʵٵ۹ϣǷǳǿͰμġ
ҲҲѻȥϿһˣȴˡ
ζЦЦȻ˳նˡ
ղҸնϿһϢ
ûӣĪͺĿмڣһ棬˭ҪԲֶҪͶԸҪܵɵƲá
Ҳǲ˭ҪǸҶҾͺ˭ݣ
⻰Ȼڳ£ȴҲ⡣
Ͼǽssţ()ôǿҪ
ɨɨˣЦż˵߷˹⣬۹̫Ҳĸɽͬǲ˭ҰãͲݣ
ڴҾʱֵٵ۹ĻʵۣҲĸɸҲ˹ٷǲ˭ͬݣ
ڳһɴ۾¶˲ŵ
۹̫ϵĽ㣬ϵܣֻû뵽Էṫôӻ
Ǿ㤵Ļٵ۹µ۾ȻϢֱȫš
ܿ˹ٲƭǣٵ۹ĹٷǲҲҷоȻôһ()ţˣ
һʱڳ˾ãԼѾĽʶûˣ˱˰
Զϱ۹̫ãٵ۹µ۵ãǿǱߣ()ҪưǼʰ
ô˵΢һ£漴֪˼ˣӯӯůЦ⡣
Ҳû뵽ӾȻʱ򹫿()ݣȴҲ̲ס¶Ц⣬ܱ֤ĵİȫܺã
ܵ˲ԼͶĽɫɵ̧̧°ͣһɫ
ľõϱЩԶĽ
ôҲԭģԽĿУǿԺ֣ȴϣǽ()ݣҪκ֣򿼺˽ԳԲ˶š
ڵ()ݲͬǿǱУĳЩϵԵ¡
()

899.899 ǿҪС

899 ǿҪС
Ļüﲻ˼ȡ
ȴĬ˵ڿľţȻݲñƵ(qng)
˵ҲûǸҰ
ʱ򱻲ȥԼͼ϶ܵҴѹ۹ٵ۹ıɵ˲Żô
Ҳٶ˵⣬˵˵ǽʮ񡣡
ȣ׷֧ǿ˾ӢСӵټһֲҪжһԿҪŶӵ
Ҫܽץסɱ߸ߣȻõģ޷ҲҪܣڵֻǸҪġ
ڶŰϵһЩԴľҪȫҳ
Ӧ֪ĺܶ˿ƼҪԴľ֧֣ǿҲͬȽϴ󣬵ȴȽ١
ǵص㲻ǶԸǿ޾ӢСӣѰԴľ
֮ǰҲǶѧУһᣬΰվͿԼˡ
˵ķǺ֮ǰӵģǰʮҪۺ֮ǰֵģѧԺҲһ
ӼҲһеı֣ͬѧǺϣ׷ϵġ
𣿡
صˣ
һѧԺ͵ѧԺѧһҲҲҪԳϣ˵أ
ֻǴʵҲûϾڶѧԺеࡣ
ЦŵˣһҪҵԴľеÿ˶ֱӼʮ֡
һ䣬Ҫķ̣صǷҵԴľϡĹز䣬ҪӡУ֣ѧԺӶû⡣
ǲ̣úõŬɡЦ˵ʧ˴ǰ
ˣɱ̫򵥣˶Ըǿ˾ӢСӺѰľ⣬ҲһЩϰǿҪСˣ
⻰Ǳʧ˵ġ
ǻûдӼÿ˼ʮֵľϲл񣬾仰̲ס˳ǡ
֮ǰܿ˹ǺˣڲžǸЦ滢
ָĹҪôʰء
漴һˣˣǽô죿
ллҵĹģڱо˲~~21~
()

900.900 һ͸˰

900 һ͸˰
лǱŲϳʹɫˣεĶµĿ˹پ˾֡
˵βǷ֡һѧԺĿ˹ٳͷ
лǱ˿ʵ˹٣ǽҪСס𣿡
ǿԻСǣýĽ꣬һͿԽɭȥѰԴľˡ
ǽ˹æǵĸƻ֮ǰŬԲ׷ѣİɣ
쿪ʼɭֽҰǰҵԴľǾͶԸǿ޾ӢСӣʮ쿼˽֮ܳ
뻹һ䣺ȻǻǲȴڳﹺҰҪһЩƷȣȥ׼ɣ
ǣڳѧҲ˿ÿԹƷȣҪˡ
ֻһһҹ׼ʱ䣬ûͣУѧѸ뿪˲ǡ
ȥ·ϣҷ׷׿ŷӡĶӣҪ׼ʲô
Ѿϰ()ǰҪѯ˵
ЦŽִļϣҲĶӵİţ
ڶѧԺѧһҪۣҪˣ
尷ַƤԽԽˣҫĻᣬҲĶӵİţھͲɡ
Ц˵ҸպҲҪǲ񡣡
ʣµʽ٣ھʹһȥǵ⳵Уܹɭ￪ȫˡ
صС֮Ҳһ̫ʱˣǺҪߡ
ҵʱ׼ƷҲӵϣѧԺĿռ߲࣬ռ϶ţҲôұš
ڳ˶ҪԴ֮ǰһĶŹư衢ӵȥˣǳˡ
ãʹۻȥ⳵۾һ
˲ʣĶӣΪʲôǸղڳﲻأ
ЦգգۣҪڳȥ⳵һѧԺ͵ѧԺѧǿ϶ҲͷӦģƱػ
ǵ⳵вûжټңгǶһãȻܱˡ
һøݵ۹⿴ĶӴ϶ܱЩһ
ͻȻڴЩһͻȻ⳵ʱȥǣųж˵ģ
һ͸˰ɣ
ʲôľͲڲˣǵļ۸̫ίг˾æõһ䡣
ѧԺ϶ҲַͨʽģԴʱٲתơ
ãǾˣʲôҪķԸҵ绰
()

901.901 һǹ

901 һǹ
尼ҴҵĴ۷ǣȥˣѧԺѧռȻ
ǴҴܻȥıЦЦ
Ķӣ˵ѧԺʲôʱᷴӦȥ⳵ֻЦʡ
룺һѧԺӦûᷴӦ㣬Ҫ·ҪصڵСǰɡ
ҪҪȥСǽˣ˻Ц
ЦŰһۣʹˣһԺ
ɫ˼أǼסεҰǵĶֲѧԺѧǿ޾ӢСӡ
ֻҪǲҲ磬ֱǣҪæĵطҲҪġ
ȻǾ֣ȴҪԶסǶˡǿ
ԭƤЦѧҲ׷˼֣Ķ˵Ķԣһǵģ
ȻЩᰭۣϲҲģǼҲû£ֻҪӰ־ˡֲһ䡣
ԭĽַʱǸĶӵĲߣ˭۾ǾͿӿ˭
Ķƽ()ºͣҲһѺ֡
һ˵ЦţǱҲ˻صǣֿȥе⳵Уܿɽȫˡ
Ҫɽ(qng)Ƚ϶࣬⳵оųɵĳܿȥģû⵽˽һ
СһЩҲȫУ˶ɽˡ
ߵһ룬ҲӺ濪ųˡ
Ǵҷ׷ϳҲǿ£˵ЦĳСǿȥ
ֱǰ˶ĴѾϰˣҲڵſѧԺĺϷ
һѧԺȻȷӦģ˴·֮һֱںʹ׼ЩʲôлǱͻȻ˳
žøӳϿȥǣõĳˡ
ҲŷӦǰǻ⳵ء
дĳ˭ýȥߣֵʱ䡣
Ǹӳ۷ȥ˲ǡ
ѧԺӦʱ΢ʮңл⿴Ӷ·ŷӦҲ⳵
Դ۷ȥ⳵
ȵ⳵еʱ򣬸պ⳵жһĵһѧԺѧ
һѧԺĸӳǣ˵ûˣ⳵õĳȫڶѧԺѧˣʱ䣬ڴҸ뿪ǼӺ󡣡
һǹƺõģҧгݵ˵
Ⱥ˵һ̫ˣ
ѧԺѧҲɵˣ漴һͬˣ̫()թˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

902.902 ǲͬ

902 ǲͬ
ѧԺѧصСǣ尴ȥ⳵Уõĳˡ
ȥ˾ϰ壬ǰæҰþ߻
ԷмǵĶ(qng)Ȼܾ֤һһ͵
ȥСǳĹʣµĹƻ꣬˹ӡ
˵ҪǽǳĹˣСǵľһֲ(qng)
֪Ⱥ˸ıԼǹɺԽԽ(r)ӡ
رǶͷ壬Смľǡ
Ҳڵڶ죬õҪ뿪Сʱȫǵ˶У˲ٳԵõģȥҰá
ӡĶӡλͬѧԶǵļңӭԺʱؼңȫǾ˼
Ҷû뵽ȫǾУ˵Ļ
в뽨Сǵѧ̲סݣðԺʱģ
ôǴҵһοԼ˫ŬչСǣ˵ǲͬģԺʱ϶ʱ
ҲЦŵͷǻģҷİɣ
СǾ£ϳ뿪Сǡ
(qng)ҲֻеСǷˣһѧԺѧ뿪ʱ򣬳ҲһЩУֻ
ѧԺѧ뿪ʱСﲻûУ˻׷¶Щ˵ı(qng)
Сǵˣ(r)ԽԽãرǵСٷչǵĽġ
Ƿչĺãȴһ㣬Ҫ˵ûһԹҲܡ
ֻǲΣѧԺѧҲΪǽĶǶԴ˻ǸмģҲʲô(qng)ˡ
ѧԺ뿪ԱȺԣֱҲܿǱĺá
Ҳ˵ڶѧԺӡһ̨ס
ǿųɭ֣һ·Ұ޺ͱûᣬҩĲŻȥժ
һƴĲָָһ򣬡ȥǱߣ
ǽϿ˷̽ܲ׽ľĹܣһʾλá
ȥѰһͷӬһѧԺ͵ѧԺûssˣҪѡ
ⷢһǽѰ⣬ҲΪ˸ƽ
ͷͷǸȥ
˴Ҿʹ񣬽ʯʯó()ԡ
ڶ·죬ڵִɭʾĴ·Χ
()

903.903 ǿɱ

903 ǿɱ
ǰҲѾû·ˣȫïʢĴһЩֲ޷ٿȥ
Ǵҽ棬Աһ׼һ˽ɽͼѧԺѧͷĸ˹
Ϊ±ڶѧԺȣѧԺѧֻ˯Сʱͼ··ϳ˲ٵĿͷ
ǹ򲻸ˣڵڶѧԺɽǰϵ
忴һһƣ((Ʊ))·մȾ˲ٵĻңѪ˹ǵ(ͦͦ)ģģǹǱġ
ŷŸɾһѧԺѧ벻Ľʺ޶ѡ
˼ƤЦ()ЦĵֲĳЩһ()թĳˣǲܲǱ𣿡
һվ˵ۣʡ£ܼٺͱ޵ȶϡ
ǲйһ·ûٷսˣ
üʲô()թǶıҿԽѧԽȥˡ
ѧԺѡΪܶӳҲǹùģֵϵľˣжϵİӣѡ
㣡˼˵ɷ壬ЩԼΪʲôҪ(())
ĻȴòٵѧԺͬѧϿɣɼԺͰ˼ܶӳֲϵɲѡ
лǱǰԷʣʲô㣿һ·Ƕûǿ޵ľӢСӣʮ**
һݣżֵɵýˡ
˼ڰʲô㶼ǰ״õķӦ䡣
ɨɨһѧԺе˵Ϻȵ˲٣ǿ޾ӢСӣҽܣڳǵñѴ
лǱʵͬ廰ģҲ()ߵѲ١
δ˵ѹȻͿˣ壬㿴˭أΪչСȾ͵ˡ
ǿ޾ӢСӿɲǶЩҷһ޷þܣûʻ׵ˣʲôʸ˵Ϻȡ
һʱ£ǿɱǡ
֮ǰѾѹ()(yn)ЯҩҪ־ҩʻ׵ϣҲˣûлһôֵܵǿ޵ǿ
һѧԺȴͨĹϵڲһЩöӮ˵ġ
17~~
()

904.904 ̫ɶ

904 ̫ɶ
ģNɪģôŪöˣ
ò˵ڹ۲֡
лǱһ٣Nɪñ彫(to)ȥЦ˵˵ЦˣҪҪǶࡣ
лǱһۣ￴Է˼ôɵôܱ(to)
ȴҲûٶ˵Ϊ֮ǰ(qng)оһЩ˵ų⡣
年ֵĵǶֶ࣬ȴֻܶ࣬Ҳѧ
漴ͬĻ͸㣬֮(qng)ɱźǡ
ҿ۵ûţúϢ°ɣҲˣɽȥ¡УЦЦת()ŵڶѧԺ˾ͳɭȥ
⻰ֻҪҲ޲һ١
ֱ̫ɶˣֻҪĳˣڻǡ
ϧİһ취ûС
ŵڶѧԺ뿪У˷׷׶лǱͰ˼ʣѾȥˣϢǸȥ
()ƣͳ̶ȣӦҪϢ
·һҵԴľǾ͵ȫˡ
лǱ˿ٷ֮ʮϵ˶Ѿ۵òˣ̾˿ԭϢһСʱٳɡ
ƣ·ʲô鷳Σˡ
Ϊ˴ҵİȫ룬ûҪһСʱ
ǣһѧԺܶѧ˿̫ˣһСʱҲ˯ᾫܶࡣ
˼ȴͣò׷˷ǣɲ
ԭϢӣǾͽɭ֣Ը
ѧԺѧɫ׷һ䣬ǲ̫ˣһ·ĺۡ
ҲҪ·Ǳˣǿǵ׵Ĵڣٲץʱ䣬ûˡ˼˵
²ۣΪ׵Ĵڣĳ˴ġ
С⵽ģϴһã˼ļһֱû
ǾֻΣʱ䶼ΪϷŲôණÿ˵ҪԱš
Ҷ԰˼Թһǵ۾Ϲ˲ĬΪܶӳ
ֻǵʱҲٷǷ׷¿۾ץʱϢ
Ƚ֣˱ֲĹͷųľϵܡ
Щֲо׺ֹͣͣ˹
Ҳû˽ڳľϵʹʹñֲֹͣ
()

905.905 ǹ

905 ǹ
ڶѧԺľϵʱܴѧÿһʵãͶݵĲС
ѧĺ棬֮һ·Ҳϵķ飬ɹˡ
û뵽ľϵܻáһѧһֲﰲ󣬿Լָо˵
Ҳ׷׵ͷǰҲû뵽
ǰֲǲǶ㿪ǻķǵһΣЧȴõġ
Ҹղź񻹸о˱ֲһ(qng)ָо΢
Ц˵ֲﶼģֲֻͨûеʶֲȴʶȼߵĻǣܹоǵ(qng)
Ժǿְ취ʱֲ﹵ͨ˵벻ջ񡣡ѡ
ҲģľϵֻܲдֻҪȼԽԽߣȥӦܺӵʶֲ﹵ͨġ
ãԺһְ취۾ˡ
ڴʱǰӵķһͣơ
ǰ壬ԼСĵ㡣кܷḻҰս飬ӽ￪ʼͽһֱڹ۲Χ
壿ܶ˶¡
ϸ˿ܣҲ˼Ծĵط壬Ӧǿ˷µġ
˵Ȼһ˵㣬ȷʵǿ
ûжҰ⾭ѧҲſ˿ȴûпǹҪ߽Ż֣ᷢȴû
ӣ壿ʡ
ҪشͻȻ֪нŲһЦһǾ֪
ԭϢ˵ߵԱߣһһô¡
Ҷе£֪Ҫʲôûһ˷ԣ׷ԭ¡
ó֮ǰСǾ͵ʳ
սЦѧԺһƻ
ҷǹģϲ
ٺٵЦЦͲǸҸʲôҪǱ۷Ҳҵģ˭ǲϸ۲ܵ(qng)ѧУѧҰ֪ʶȫˡ
˵һֱǺ棬ռ˲ٱˣҲǳԱˡ
ǰ˶·ϵıֲ˿ɲ͸մˡ
ͷţֻǲ֪λ᲻ȥ
ֻҪа˼ǸĴڣ׵Ҫӡŵ˵
()

906.906 

906 
Ȼ忴˼ǻ˳ۣɷؼҲֻǼһʸ
ĶЩۣǿ˭
һۣ˱˴еЦ⡣
ԼңѧԺѧ˴ǰ
ڶѧԺѧǳֺһӦˣ(qng)ǷҪʹء
һϿҪЦݣװȵĿѧԺѧ
˼˿ϢҲ㶣˲һСʱǾϢˣ
˸˯һᣬô㲻
˼һЦݣĸҲ㰡
ҿҲƣһϢ˯߰ɡĿŴ˵
˼ԭҲҪϢ뷨ô˵ȴ׿
һ϶ҵԴľźϢŲϵˡ
ˣǻǼ·ɡ˼ܾ
˺뷨һԭѾƣˣȴΪҪϷǣʱ˼־
лȴ΢΢üܾ÷͵ڶѧԺѧԾ
Щ˶ģͲۣǰҲûзķĴ򶷣ôҪϢˣ
ҪҲϢһ߰ɣҶˣ顣
ȴ˼ԥĲأҪٸСʱ·Ϣ
ǸʱǾȵĶ飬ʱϢͲ±ˡ
ѧԺﲻ˶ȴ׷л⡣
ܶӳƾʲôҪлģ
лУܶӳ˵㣬Сĵ㡣
һ̫רˣ˵̫ΪǣҲٶ˵
˼Цʲô£Сֵģ
ߣǼ·Ȼ˳ȥ
лȴһʹһǹ

߳ȥӣɭ˼
ڶѧԺܹȥͼԶѧԺĲѧ塣
˱ӵڴϣ˲ȵ˱ıֲס()ȫǱеĴ̡
ֻٲ⣬ЩҪ()ֲ()˾֮ģҪǾòԾһֱСţ塣
лںߣһ˶ûС
ֻں棬ֵʱҪѾˣǰ˼ˡ
ۣʱҲ߹ϷҰѧ֪ʶ涼ʦ˰
()

907.907 ôôù

907 ôôù
֪ЩһҪУ˷ƵȻǶصȴܺá
ֻҪ΢ϸ۲Ҫϵ˼˼Ҵҵĸ·()ʮֵƣ룬̤Ź֡
Ҳǰ˼̫ˣлǱһôϢð㣬Ҳô˲ȵ塣
˼ԼҲ壬СĲȻˤ˴ϣһ()Ǵ̣۵
ķ̣ǲǸɵģѹֹͣϢԭǡ
廷֣һǴģǿûǸǡ
˭õĶ֪˼ôԽԽˣмƲƲ졣
˼ȥͷƴˡ
ղҲ˵˵һ㶼ǿ˷õģҲûôʱ䡣
ֻһ̫ˡ
㲻ƵģҲǹԭϢϵһ¾˸ղһΪʲôϢûԼ
岢ϣЦǰҾǹġ
˭ԼأҶϢˣȴҪһУҲžܶӳǵѧԺѡ
һЦһҵı(qng)Ѱ˼òᡣ
лüŰ˼ˣȽ˶Ҫġ
һëͷ嶷춷Ҳ򲻹˼ңÿζҪŰֱûˣ
˼һûеɡ
Ҳ̼̫ˣÿڷǰʧ̬
˵ǺͰ˼ͷ
˵ĵӦѲŶԣһôͶҲء
ѧԺѾΪǿ·ˣҶ·ɣЦеĶԼ֡
ллֵˣ尵˿ŵѧԺѧЦ
ѧԺѧһѪɼôƣ
()ѱֻܿŵڶѧԺѧеĴԼ()߹
꣬ɭȴܿ˹ٵѧԺѧÿ˿һ֡
ѧԺѧʱ̲סҪ
ôôù
ҾǵܶӳӦûһˣ
һϵҽѧ̲ס顣
ٱ˼ȥǲֻҪף֪ܻܲ߳Ƭɭ֡
Զԣܶӳ
Ǿͷͷжɣܲˣ
ɣͶƱѡ٣̫ˣҲúõϢϢ
18~~
()

908.908 ϲ

908 ϲ
ԽԽ˼ҪܶӳĶ飬˼һһȫġ
Щû۹⣬ܺ޷֮ǰ˵ѣҲܶӳ
α˵ˣǰ˼ˣҲֻ֧ܶӳġ
ܿ˵֯£ֱ˰˼ͶƱѡܶӳ
лԾųɵĸƱͨѡΪµܶӳ
ЩʹҵҶԵʲôܶӳûȤ
ѧԺ˼Ūһˣʰ̫鷳ˡ
ڳ㣬˭ܴ߳
ǰлͬѧͲҪƴˣǻУףҲģֻҪ֮ǰôͳɡ
ԶԣлͬѧʹӦɣ
ҷ׷Ȱ˵л⵱ܶӳУҲл
֮ǰĸƻлҪЩҲҪʲôȥģµڶѧԺ˼һвȻʧˡ
ղлҲϢѴСģ˼ֲçײ߹ˡ
һԱȣ˭һĿȻ
л⿴Ŵεû취εͬˣУһһ
ԭϢһСʱҲ̬ǿ⣬صʵԼ
ҾοԷں棬ҪģϢ˲о¡()ҲƣԺҵ(qng)
˼һ·ģ޷ʵ(qng)ȷжϡ
Сˣ˼ȥ()ĵлһۣһ䡣
лһǹģȻܶӳλãװѣǸʮСˡ
л˵ҪϢȻᷴԣҪġ
һֻű˯ץʱϢ
ͷľܸߣȻѾ߳һ·̣ȴ֪淢ʲô
ӷסԼ֣ǹģ
ǰ˼ܶӳû˼˵ѧԺܶӳĵߡ
üֻ
ЦŴյߣʲôӲ۾
лڲôҪһϸ£ôҲҪзӵĿռܶӳҲõҲõ
ߺߣϱǿȻҪлڸˡ
ڵĵѧԺȫ̯ӣʰ鷳ˣл˼ܶӳϣϲ鷳ҪöԷȥܣòȥ鷳ϲ(qng)
ü۴ЦԽԽˣ
ִսЦʣϲ𣿡
ǽ(qng)()ӣ󷽵ͷЦϲ
Ҫ˶ֱ࣬嶼̲ס뱧Լϱúõˡ
()

909.909 һڵ

909 һڵ
˶ʮӣַ塣
βѣǵľ()ɡԷ
ǳģ̫ǣѧĶ
ʱԵγǺ¡
ЦԶܵһʱ뵽һ𣡡
ûѣһ߽
֮ǰѧԺУʱͶԴѹһ·һҪԼעСĵ㡣
Ҳ˴˶ע⣬ߵ帽ˣȻСĵıܿ߱
ٲҪĴ⣬ҪǱ()ѧҰ֪ʶȹ̣ͬˡ
źüʮУҶе£׷׿塣
忡ϵЦ֪࣬壬ǹⲻǵģ֮ǰ͸ҪԼעСˣɲ˶ûϡ
Ҳܸѣ̫ˣص㻹ҪԼǽҪǼսŶԵҰ棬ѡ
Ҿ͸һΣлģƣǺס˵ġ
ԭеﻹЩԹΪʲôûѣĻ̲סˡ
Ҳͬ뷨֮ǰȷʵҪ
ҪԼҰȷʵ̫ˡ
ǣǴˣܶ˷׷׵ͷ˵
ϵ֮ɫɢȥ֣֪ܸľУ
˵˲ҩϢʮٸ·
ǣ
ܿɭҲܿ˹ٵڶѧԺѧÿ˿һ֡
ıȽȷ֣
ڶѧԺһô˱۷֣û֮ǰǷ϶ȴûһѵ(ͦͦ)ֵġ
ϢʮӺ󣬴Ҽߡ
һѧԺȻģͬҲ˿˷µ塣
лǱѵ΢˵㣬ҲˣȵڶѧԺ࣬ȴȵѧԺ١
Уһǰһ󣬲ܿ˹ٿռܵĹӰ£ȴֿͬ·ͨķȴͬġ
·ϲʱľͻ壬һЩɿ˷߰ݵĵͻϮŪУĲ˶Ǳѡ
΢УֻҪ۷֣˷塢˾û(ͦͦ)⣬˶Ҫĸо
ʱѧԺ˶һΪ޺ôȫǼܿ˹پǸӡ
Ǳƣ룬ֻҪʱʱǿ޾ӢСӣҪоѰԴľһͲͣܿ˹̫ˣ
ѹôϲӷ֣˶һڵġ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

910.910 ˵̬ȣ

910 ˵̬ȣ
УѧУ˼⣬Ķˡ
һͷǱҲǷɿģһ͵ϮѾѲˡ
ʱһζʱʱܿ˹ǣϢʱ򶼲˯̫
ȴ쳣˳ûбͻȻЩĪϰߡ
Ϣʱ⡣
һ߳ſ()һߵҪϢʱ䣬ǿ޾ӢСӣǻʲôȥԸ
ϳԱ㣬úõ˯һ쿪ʼͲôˣ̧ͷԶĵ
ڶѧԺѧЩµĿӣʲô˼
ԤƵûǿܻǿޣǽúϢоӦԡ
Ƚг㣬ⲻϢʱ䣬˵ĿҪˡ
һɫ˼ֽźأһСɼ(qng)֯Ҫǿ޶𣿡
ǰֻƵ￴ǿޣû뵽ܿˡ
ǰһҪСģǿ޺ͱ¡
Ҽһ̸տܶ˾׼
лǱлҲǴˣǰŰ˼սҲǿ֣ͬ³(qng)ͬУ꣬ҲԽϢ
ۿıͼ˹ټ״ǵľ()⡣
ڶҼʾ뵽ԴľķΧ
ֻ·ΧСԻϸѰҡ
ͷ嶼ͷſȥӦ׽ԴľĲ
ͻȻ෽һ򶷵Ĵ󶯾ȥͿ޺ͻڰֵ()Ӱ
üͷȥ
Ŵ˳Ŵ򶷵ķ˹ȥ
ȥͼһѧԺѧںʮֻǿսսܼҡ
ٶ˴ʱѾһ޷սʣµȻ˼ҵʮȴɱѹŴ
ʱʱľлױڵϡ
ҪлǱ⼸ϵսϵѧӲţѾˡ
˵˶˺һ߹۲սɫҲǲãǽźͺ¡
ʱǷ·𿴵ϣ
ǿȥæ
巢лǱ˼ʻĻײѧУģǲųһͻףѹʱʮֻǿ
ӦҲ֮ǰNɪĵơ
ֱ׳Ļü˵̬ȣ
ôΪŪ˼ͻ׾ҪˣôôԼأ
()

911.911 ǲӦˣ

911 ǲӦˣ
׼ҪְæȴӦ̬ȣֲǷǡ
û뵽ֱܾ׳ķʣ㲻ǵ۹սǿͻϮѵóǰ
Цڵ()ݲǵ۹սһڿ˵ѧ
°ĺãҲҪϲϵ
ԭսҾǴ˹æһǷǵ̬ȣҺܲˬôбȥɡ
ߣǼȥԴľ˵ת()۷
һѧԺѧǼ뿪ˣһһ㶣žͺݺݵĵۡ
һǳ²࣬˼æģҪߡ
ȷʵûһҪǣϾǿˣ()ѧ
лǱڿ֧ŵ˼״Ҳ̲ס뽫һ١
壬æǿ춥סˣлǱӻﴫ
ֻǼӦԱߴܣӦ䷽ǧ򻯣˭ûôϺء
ɲҪӵˡ
лǱͣ½Ųת()аɣķϣǾͳְһ
漴֮ǰ͸߹㣬֪˭˭ǲӦˣ
Ӧ˰ɣӵͻûõģ˭Ϻȵô࣬лǱǸġʵʵ˵
ﲻ˾̫ӦĽܱ˵ҲлǱŻǣĻҪŸûţֻҪҪˣҲֱӳȥ
ŴΪ˱Ҳȫôܻڣٶ˴ʮҪܡ
ʵǲûףҲܴܶԷģϧ̰̫ˡ
⻰òЩΣȴַˣô죡
ѧԺϺȵҲ٣ҪһĽ˵
תͷ()ˣĻϿ𣿡
ϿɣǲŲϺȵģڶѧԺһ˵
˵ԼϺȾȻˮǲŲǡ
УǾȥ֤ǿ֮ǰҺĶӽ̸ǵĲ󷽷ǸҲڻס
ܼʻ׵˳УǰȥԮɫ˼ֿڵ
ǣڶѧԺܹʻ׵ȫռ˳һҡ
ʣµҪǾҪǾ͸((co)co)ݻס
ÿ˷׷׽˿˷ĻٵĳʮֻǿްΧȥ
17~~
()

912.912 һӵĻˮ

912 һӵĻˮ
һʼЩңڷĿͷָ£ǽĽվ˳
ǹǷ϶ԽԽãܿŤת֮ǰİֻܾ֣˼ֻǿޡ
ʣµļֻǿ޼״Ŀ˷һۣת()ԥ˵ļֻˡ
ڶѧԺѧһ֣лǱ˾ͱһߡ
Щ˶صվλĬϣ嶼ûг־ͽЩǿ޴ˣһ¡
忴лǱһζĻû˼Ҫûô࣬ҲһֱѹŴġ
лǱӻεЦЦ(qng)ͬ
һѧԺǺӵܣ츳һ()Ӹ߰ĲУвģ޷ģĻǾ()Υ
ȴͬڶѧԺѧĻҲܱѡ
Ҳǣͬ(qng)Цļ򣬡Ƿһ(qng)ɱˣ
һ֮ǰҲҪϱģȻûڿӣҲ׷Ź
лǱЦãˣ
ղŷ岻õڶѧԺ˳֣ʮ**ʱһڸĿ˹ٳ֣ǿ϶Ҫ۷ˡ
Ҳ¿˹֣ʱͲˡ
ұͷָƳһۣлǱҵĻὫЩ²ϺȵĴȥ
лǱַһﻹ(ͦͦ)ǳģҲǻãϲ(())
Ҳζ˵ȥʡ£Ҳ鷳
ҲرЩ²һֻ֪ȵĴǡ
Цûһ仰𣿻ǧ꣬ģȥԻ벻ľϲˣԡ
лǱüģ
ƭЦܼʺ磬ҲǶǺã
лǱ۾У´ԣ
ղҪ˴źܣ˿ֻţôܻôˡ
Ƴ˺˺ǶһӵĻˮȻлǱǡ
Ҫ˵ȴԱߵ˻ȥ
٣˵ɣ岻ǺǵģҪëԺΣգ϶ˣһ˵˵
Ǹղſɱǿ޵ײŵڣʵڲٵˡ
ﲻˬ˼㣬ΪԼС룬ˡ
ȻлǱʰǣлǱҡ
֮ҲΪٴαԷֺޣ
()

913.913 

913 
ûٶ˵ʲôܿŵڶѧԺ뿪ˡ
ۻԭ·̽Դľ
ûжᣬҲ෽ҲҵĴ(qng)
ִֻŴҹȥε(qng)ȵһѧԺ⡣
ͬʮֻǿͻϮ˵ȴһ࣬мȥҪ˵ġ
ѧԺѧҲǿл⼸˿֧ţ˵⣬ٶݰ֮
˼ûжҲʻ׸սһͲģһֱлǱ
лֱЩȵ˵ȫһ٣ֻʵڲ
ַǹ̲ס壬鷳æ
ԣҪǷһ(qng)岻˵
лʱﻹܹ(qng)(qng)ã
ȥЩǿʰˣ֮ǰս˵
ǣĶӣһżּԾԾ()ԡ
ղǲҵһЩо˭֪Щǿ޾ˣȲˡ
ǰշ̵վλһ˹һ˷أϵԽԽá
л˱ˣû¸ɵĿǲϵı任λãʵȶԷѷɫܶ࣬ʻĻҲ߼ȴԽԽͣ˼ֻǿޡ
ƸңǿֱӴˡ
սǴһЩ˾ȻûϺȣǿޣֱš
лЩӵĿŷ壬ѹ㱻Ϊսԭֻ˵ʵǿȻӵҲǿ
ѹ˵ڵһսܸߣ¾޷ãӸ߲㵽СĬһǼ̳˵()ݡ
ˣ˶̵ʱڣѧԺЩɢҵѧѵ
Ȼ̧̧°ͣϻҪУڵһսЩͰ׻ˣ
ЩҲҪúõĶҲù˼̫ࡣɨɨŵ˺͹Ϻȵİ˼
Ҫ£Щ˵Ϊ
Ҳп˹ڸţҪûеĻǾԮʱ֪Ҫѧ
ҿ˹Ҳʧ߹˼ɲĵطЩ˼ֱԼҪˣʰһ١
лͬģһǶġ
ȻϺȣ֮ȥǰɣЩһ̰
ͷ׾ͺã
ҹǿ˵̽飬ǶʱӦòˣ˺ú˰ɡ
Улˣ
ǵû(qng)У

19~~
()

914.914 ʲôı

914 ʲô()ı
˺صˣ˼Ƶҩ
ѧԺѧִ뿪
صڶѧԺߵ·尶ԷʣǶͻϮˣ˵ʲôʱֵǣ
һֻһֻĲڿ㶵ֲˣҵԴľʽϵʱ򡣡
㶣ΪʲôΪղǵ˽Ǵˣ
ȻǣҸоǶԵһѧԺ͵ѧԺֻ֣̽ˣǺʲô()ı
ʵǿѾζԸǵĴ㡣
ȲùǣԴľص㡣
Ը߿ƼĿдãԲǿǱҵ
ţҰɣҲǸˣ¶˼ˡ
һ˿ʾһƬϣ巶Χ޷Գ
þӦ°ɡо˵е㼦ߡ
˵ȴȽҪ·Χ޷Ӧ
ţľͿˣ֡
ľҲԸӦȴǰ¶
ͷ۾ںʶľͷſȥӦ
˼״Ҳ˵׷Ϣ´
Ƭ̣۾ûУǻط
ãҲָһ¾ҵ
ѰңԶϢ
ֻ˺üط˺üСʱվһƬҶƵ۾
ӦˣдżЦ⡣
۾Ҳˣ̫ˣģ
ǸϿȥҰɡ
ãŴһ𣬸жϵķȥ
һߣһߵԷһֱǣʮ**ᶯ
ӿʼӦͷˣмصúܺãϢľڼӡ
ϢȴǱͼ̹ٵģֻ˵ǿޡ
ҲһЩΣյĸ֪ԼҲԾͶˣ
һѧԺ͵ѧԺҲڳ߿£ǱһɼϢģǿӦҪˮ㡣ղҲ͵͵ͷųȥ̽¡
ͷţҲˡ
ҵԴľֻȥʣµĽҡ
֣Ҫ⣬̹ܽǲ᲻ܵģ÷ſУѧǶ°ɡ
ȾһôҪЩ쵰Ƕˡ
Χǿ޳ǲ̤ǵĵߡ
()

915.915 ֻǻ᲻ϵ

915 ֻǻ᲻ϵ
ѧУļ¼Ƭǿ˵ս(qng)
ߴĺܼҺ׺ݣµĳԹѾˡ
ͻȻðһҪĴߵԶͣЪ
ţʲôȥɣһһֱ()ߵġ
ϵЦ֪ˣ
ܿ죬ߵһſȥЩݵĴԡ
жѧУǰѳ˺һЩ͵Ϯ
ղŵȫϻףսҲ˳
ǣôԸҶ
ս˻ף׷ó˺һЩ룬˷صơ
ʱѧԺҲ˹(qng)㶡
ҪأлǱʡ
ת()ȻȡԴľˣ
ļٵģ˶оһɲ(qng)ⲻԾлǱ£Ȼüֱӵɻ˵˳
Ц㵹ǲ
ҸӦģǸӦǿǵģֻǻ᲻ϵˡʵ˵
˼ЦҪԴľûţ˵ôûʣǴҶӦˣΪǻ㣿
ŲӦģǿ󵼵ģֻҪ־С
ѧԺһ֣ÿ˶Լʮ֣ܻ׵ܳ嵽һϣˣɲܷŹ
ܲܵһͿˣǸߺһ
ѧԺѧҲһ׷óе˻ףһʱ׼ӡ
һѧԺĺܶҲһ뷨ֻлǱδû
лĿŰ˼ǿģǵĿĿ϶ΪڧȻ̵
ҪҲýȽˣ
лǱͬ˵ǿ޻ڻǲߴ
֮ǰ˶оǹɲ;òԾ϶()ı
˼һл⡢лǱΪҲ֪ͺйˣڹȻ¶Ŀˡ
ҪǲʮֵĻֿɾȫǵڶѧԺˣǻеܶӳľ𣿡
żζļ˵ǾǹҪӮ
㣡ллǱû뵽˼Ȼһң˵ֱǸʺ
ʱҲð˳ͺһˣǾѧԺͽұǵġ
()

916.916 ҪǴ

916 ҪǴ
£һǴлǱл⣬Ҳò˶ҡˡ
׷һǾȻ˵Ŀ⣬ˡ
лǱ˿ҪǴˡ
ûбѧԺ
лˣһѲɺǿй᣿
˼˵úҪûбѧԺǾ͸һԴľǹϵѧԺΡ
ǵòҲõ㱻ǿȥöڵڶѧԺá
ͬ뷨Ļˡ
лǱֵܣҲǳڳûõˮҲ
￴Щ˵оЩ˾ȫ˷ʱ䡣
лֵܻȽӣҲ˽()ӣȴѹƲסĽʺǿ˵ļƲҲǳɹˡ
۾ҪΪԴľǾ̫ˡ
ȥȡԴľĽˣת()Է˵
ͷã
ųߵǿŰݵ£˼״Ҫ˼ȥ
лǱָ̧ˣֹȻҪ˵ҪΪұǿ˿ӣԴľǸ𣿡
лҲ̧ͬοصŶӣȻԲͬѧԺѵӦһػ˵Ķ𣿡
ҪҲӦǶԸеʱǱЩԲйƻˣ
ѧԺһ˾л˵е׷վ()ߡ
ǰҪҲȽǿ޵ɡ˵
һ(ƨp)ҿǶˡ
䵽ǻôԲܱ˵ڶѧԺ
˵ֶԸǿޡ
ԣ˭Ը⿴ڶѧԺȵͷϵľţеľͺһ˼ǻ
УķͷڶѧԺˣԲˬ˺ܶ࣬ǵĻ׷վ˹ȥ
лǱл״ܶӳǱϺȵҪQ
ˣҲܲˣڻȰԼļɣǲ
üŰ˼ˣǰҾܴڿ˽ã涼
ӻ᲻ῳǵצӡŵĵ
ЩһѾˣȫǶԷģΪ˵˽ģȫܲˡ
ȻҲͲÿˣ
()

917.917 Ҫʧ

917 Ҫʧ
óǿŰݵпյģһͷĺڶ
һ˲䣬ĺɫð˳Ϯ
ĶСģ
û£
һ߱ܿЩɫһ߶ħٵѹ
ľϵħٵԼӳϣϵĶ
漴ֱǸڶȥ
ЩɫҲ׷׷ȥ
ȥ˼˴УѧѸټ˹ȥȻлǱսһ
ﵣȴ޷뿪ǽ˰˼()ϡ
ųȺõȥ
˼״һ׷ó˽ȥȻʻŻ׺ͷ
˸ͲǷĶ֣ܿ׾ͱˡ
䣡˼ѧУĻױ߷ɳȥȱϡ
˼Ҳӻ˳һᣬһҽ
״ʿڣת()Ҫܡ
ȴһ()ǰסȥ·ͻҲˣ˱˳ͬһᣬٴ
˭ٳȥԣӾͰˡ彫ͷȥӵ˵
вΪղŵˣĻ
ô׺ݵķ壬ԼͰ˼ĲѧԺڲͣǰһ׷ͣ˶
ڴʱǿÿԭڵĶڣͻȻһöĿĹâ
Դľ
زͻȻֳ룬ŷֿλòϵѿ
·(qng)Ҳչ¶ǰֻץһʮִ׳ĺɫĳ⳶
ɫɢϰٿСһõɫ͸ľʯȥƯ
(qng)Ҷ֪ҵԴľ١
˼̲סУѧŭ䲻󺰡ǵǸϿȥ
ϧһٺ󣬸Һ塣
ͻȻɭＸЦ
Ȼ˽޴
һ()۵Ĵ󺺴ʮòˣӲԶһô˳
ͷɫļǣЦݿͷ壺Ѱ˺ü죬ûиӦԴľǶǣ
⻰֮ǰҪȥУѧ˱ɫԭղŵĲǿŪģϵˡ
ǿͷߵɫ¶һЦݣҪʧˣ
һԭɢõɫʯ׷ʧԭء
ɫһ䣬ŷӦãԴľŮȫռˡ
֮ǰˣѾͷǿռء
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

918.918 ƾǣ

918 ƾǣ
ֻǿ޺⣬ѧԺѧҲһ
ֻȥȴǿռߣܰѶյռȥ
֪ǻʲô
лǱֵܼ״ԻںǶŵ˵ȶԸǿԴľ
ãҶɵʱҪǻȥǲǷŭ
˵˭ǵѣǻǷֵóġ
мʻŻ׵˶ת()뿴ǿޡ
ֵߺͲʻ׵ˣŵ˺վš
󺺼״ϵЦݱ棬Դľһˡ
ҲûϵҪץڻȥġ
üһȥǿˣ
ǰǿ˿ɱҪܶࡣ
ҩ츳ȥǱߣ֤ʲôҩĶ㣬ΪǼҩʦ󺺺Ƶ
Ҳ֪ôͻȻɱɻ׽֪츳󣬼֮()Ҳ򵥣ҪץǿˣʵĴڣ˳츳
ЦҪң
󺺵ͷֻҪԸ⵽ǿˣܶԴбϾôõ츳˷ˡ
ԽҲԽ츳˷ѣ˻Ǻȱ߼ҩʦġ
˲(ƨp)ǽڵϱͷˣء
Ц(qng)ɲܾġ
ҡҡͷҲ̫Ϊˣǿǵˣֲӳˣȥǿ˵ҩʦƳҩǸҳ𣿲¶
Ҫܾ۾ˣߣԼץȥǲͬġ
ԭĵɫ֣ĵĿ˿󺺣ƾǣ֢(ͦͦ)صġ
ϴֱץɣֻҪץסˣǵͶˡ()һӵ
󺺵ͷˣʶ̧٣
ϣ˲ص㣬ץ()ǿ޷Ը
ǣ
ҲڵҸһԵУ
ǣ
ܿߵսһǿս飬ʵսҪǿϺܶ࣬˵尡лˣǱѹŵĴ
ܿ첻˼ʻĻױɣȻֱӱϡ
ҿŶԷĸоϷˣһúܶ˵Ķ˰ء
()

919.919 ֻҪʧ

919 ֻҪʧ
ڶѧԺѧܿʻŻУǰ档
ȻпɹɷأЩѧʵ̫ˣ󺺱ɱȫһɨɳȥ
ʵ̫󣬺Ҳ޷ֲġ
󺺵ıһֻ޴Ľɫʨͷǻ׵硣
˼ǿޣ鷳ˣ尿űɱĴüͷ
ǵֻļл׵ļӳܹս弶
ǺͰ˼̫ˣԽȥ
ֻ¶ڵʵ()һӣҲûΪһֻڻģɢϢ߼
ܿǵĶǿҲʵϢɢ弶ļҲʮֻʣµĶļ
ϯ״̲סҿѪ
սǿҲн֣ȴûϵģˡ
Ҳû뵽ζԷɹľӢСôǿսⶼڰμսˡ
ļ⣬ȫ˳׵ķΧȥ۾Ը
ǿôǿƣѧŵˣô˵ԥķ׷׳źȥó
Ҳûг嶯£֪Լۡ
忴Ŵ֮ǰļ͵ϮǣǹҪʵǷɾ裿
ѲսȷʵӣҪǲɾ裬ôȥúõѰԴľأϧҪˡ
ľֻsӦԴľľ巶Χ֪ssŻѰңȻѧԺѧ֮
˭֪Щ̫ˣ¾ͱʰ
󺺿ĵҲѲˡ
Ѿ޷õսǿɺӣɱûгһǸ
ýȥҲһս
ֻͣҪʧˣ
漴أԭŵľ˲ӿ۷ϢҲ֮ɢ
غ󣬲ֻ()˷ԾܵȼҲΪ֮ǰѹ۷塣
ֻҪҵһʱܹ߼
岢ûкκҩȴͻȻɢڳֻУѧǿС߶ɴ۾
ָˣ󺺳ԾѵĿڡ
17~~ҪǣҲأ~~~
()

920.920 мˢ

920 мˢ
ôܣ
ôʱǿ˴ûзɶԷ飬ȴû˿Ϣ˵ָˡ
ҲΪ֪Ŀ˲(yn)ҩ϶޷ټʻףҪԶŰϵĴ㡣
忡ϴżаΪʲôָܻ
ʵҪǷɾ裬˾ָ(qng)ҲΪ˵Ϲء
ûΪĴǰ˼ͽη壬ԾԾ()֮С
Ŀ()ĿΪָ˾ܸı䣿ҲжϺȵġ
Ϻȵ˶˳ǣǿᣬǰˣ
漴󺺵Ŀ()ϣ()ϵĶİɣ
˽⿪ִʴĶŮҩϻмˢӡ
صҽģ
ļֵԤеĻҪ󣡡Цһ()ǿ޷ԸԸȥץ
⿴лǱ˵Ļ׽ã
ѧУĻ׵ȼ̫ˣ((co)co)źͰ˼ǿ޴ǾȫȥŰ
лǱŪͻȻԼҪѷɫ((co)co)ǿӦ
ãлǱԥĴӻӸ˷壬ԼԭѧУĻס
棬Ҳֻпſܴˣȫֻаķݡ
ǴʱʵûϾ·Ѿ۷ˣɶԷǰ˼֮Ҳսģȼʵǿ
ЦΪܻ׾ܴӮˣھ㿴Ͱ˼Ĳ⣡
˵˻һӰһֻצӳŷȥ
ʱѾ˻ףϬ((co)co)ʻѸٱܿһצ
һһѸսһȻ忴ȥ·磬ȴһֱûܡ
ǿ˹ȥ尵ʻ׼ֹ
۾ԭгҪһĺɫٻ˳ȥ
ٺԥĳŶץǿ޲ƻ߹
µ߸޷㿪ٵĹȫ˳ȥ
һıֲر()ʵͺܳڡ
֮ǰ˺ܴںħٵƷ
ԭǲģֻǲٹҪԴľ
Դľȴȫ˿ռ䣬ʶֲЩͻȻֽߵġ
⻹ˣǿ֣ǿ޹˹ֲͷˡ
()

921.921 ̫ˣ

921 ̫ˣ
ǼֻǿҲֲס˽ŲҲ۷壬ʵС
ǿһˣֲǲӳˣ
ôˣŮطһϮǡ
ŮҲаŰ
ֲסЩǿޣȴסֻ߼ޡ
ĴٵĿ϶Ծǰ
һѡĻᣬԹԸߣǵץ㣡ȫ()ɢƣ˫Ŀ
侲ĮĿˣ
漴óѧУĻȥҪɡ
δʻŻ׺ǿ߶ս
ߣƾ̨ƻסңˣһ˵һ߶צӡ
ľssӦٶȱȳ˿ˣһܶ㿪˶ԷĹ
ʱȥ((co)co)ؼʻսȻоЩ𣬵ܿӦˡ
˾ͼʻĻһ磬ֻ߼Ļι֡
ss֮ⷴӦٶȺñ̬
ѹֶ˵츳ԽߣԽʺսʿķӦsǿǰû޷ڿ˻ţ
û뵽((co)co)ػ׵ҲôǿҪתǻϵ׵ĵһ
һοܽ((co)co)ǷһŮˣţˣ
ѧԺѧһֱڹ۲ս֣ԭᱻץ˭뵽ܲϺͶԷֱҪ̫
쿴ǱߣȻʼˣ
찡ٶҲ˺ֻܶ࣬ǿ޾ˡ
ˣȻֻ˼ǿޡ
ܵٶҲ̫˰ɣǶȾȻô꣬㣡
ܿ죬ҵעǱ˹ȥ
û취ʵǷ((co)co)ݻ׶Ե̫ˣ
֮ǰȥһֱǿѹŴ򣬿ɽٶȺ()һȻھǿ˹һܶ㻹Է
ȻĹֻǿ޵˺Ǻܴ󣬱Ͼȼ
ֻ˼ǿҲ޷ĻףʱԸֵĽǶȺ
ܻ׵ĵȼǷȱɷԼһܣֻ޾Ѿܲˣ
ԽԽľòʹ츳ͨӳ֣Լٶȥ׽׹켣Ȼһȥ
ȴ÷ݵĶ˹ȥƵ˲෽ͷ˼ڡ
㾹ȻҲΪssľˣһֲŵľ
()

922.922 ǵ͹

922 ǵ͹
󺺵츳ͨٶȵļӳ֣ղŵĹͬ˼߶ܶȥ
ȴһ(qng)пܱܹǾssľ
ҲŻЩʧصľ
֪ڲϣֻҪרϸоֱƵľȼҲᱩ¶ء
֪(ͦͦ)żƦӻﴫ
ؽ⿪һ¾ͽssľôģ
漴ǷӦʻŻͬӦǻǵ͹
ⶾ֮ss⻹˵
ɷⶾ֮Ҳss˵ͨҲôɺϵ(qng)
ֻ˵һ£ܹͻssͷ
󺺵ĻҲڳУѧȫˣû뵽岻ָ˾ܣҲss
ǳ⣬Ҳʹһ뷨
¼䲻ôɺϵ(qng)ͷ徫ss϶бȻϵؼʮ**()ϡ
ʲôľȼأ
˴ʱ
û뵽徹Ȼssľһּʲʣһôô
֮ǰ䣬Լֱǰ߹
()(qng)ռϷ磬쵽㶵һСصĶҧҧȥ
󺺶ԷĹûͣ£ԽԽ͡
ΣһҪɱɳȥǿ˵һ󻼡
ֻͬܣϵĳŶԷ()ϺԴڳʨı㶪ȥ
˭֪ҪǿԴһʱʻĻȴͻȻʧˡ
ɫ˳
׵((co)co)ؿʧ飬ǿٴĹצӣҲû취ܿ
䣡ױз˳ȥײôͣ
ͬʱҲȫıˣڼʻҵķͷײһѪӿϻ¡
ҡҡЩѣεԴȻ򿪻ײ˳ȥ
лǱҵĻͻȻʧˣԷľԲ((co)co)ʱĻ׹⣬Ϊġ
лǱ£ͻȻʧˣ
漴ҲӦ˹תͷɫѿ˼㣬ǲĹ
û뵽Ȼ⣬ԲܳϣЩĵҲ֪˵ʲô
1830~~
()

923.923 һҪлл

923 һҪлл
ģлǱͷﻹԷ顣
ɫ˳ΣˣһúʰСӣöԷ֪Ϻȵ³
лǱҪˡ
Ϊ˴ںǿսȼʹһȻиƻֱǸԲС
ΪСۣ˵
ҲлǱˣһﵽһߵģ
һƾʲôҪ÷һ˳ͷ
ҲǴˣǵĶԻ̲סЦˡ
ܶʱΪ˽Ϻȵ˲١
û˻׵ļӳ֣ҿεֵҵĹɲ÷ӹĻᣬԥ˹ȥ
ȫѪ̲סЩۣԭֻڶܹǿޡ
ȴֻܣ
׵ƷʵȼǾա
ħٵӳľϵϣȻһ߿ƻףһߴܵľ
ܿľǻһ㣬׷ֻǿϮȥ
ҪĽֻǿʰˣȻȥ塣
ûл׵ĸʵ»һأ()Ķ˶Էצӡ
û뵽û˻׷廹ܶܿ˫Уͷϼϵ׵˸۳һǿޱȵ糯ŷ˹ȥ
˫צһŷȥסܵķ
ҪצУҪ׵Уζ޷㿪һֹ
ڵһʱ˷Ӧ˼£ܿƵĹ
ǵҲ()ϣˡ̡()ϡ
屻Уڳĺܶ˶һû°ɣ
սЩã()Ҳ˲ѪۣȥǱ
ֻ˼ǿͨ׵һֻҪһҪһЩʱ䣬֮ǰӡ
Ľ˽׼ܲ˵ļʻŻͻΧȥͼһþˡ
ʶڷ()ɨɨͣҪϹȥĶһȡ
еˣô㣡
󺺼Լ۵ǿһڷ()ϣԷȻûе»߱ޱȡ
ŵĵôܣôûе£
̧սװĵ̧ͷЦЦ£Ҳᵹ£һҪллء
󺺿ģʱһĪĲԤУʲô˼
ֽţһ߼ߵϢɢлл׵֮ҵˣ
()

924.924 ̫Ԥ

924 ̫Ԥ
һʼ׵Уȫ()ֳ鴤ʹͷԼܡ
ܿ()ϵ׵֮ͱգҲͻ߼ƿ
ҪǣԼ()Ҳʼ˲ϵı仯Ǳϴһ顣
֮ǰֻչ¶ϵͷϵܡ
ЦŴ󺺼òǸǣһֱδʩչϵ
ҪлˣȻҵܵȼ֪Ҫʲôʱء
Ϊл㿴ڵʵɣ˵꾶ֱٵĻΪһӰŴϮȥ
һ֣Уѧŵĳǵ˫֣׷׳Ŵ󺺷ȥ
󺺼״ܣǱٵĳС
׵ŭˣƽȫ˵ϣһѷ
ǽϵߣ˵Ǻ¡
˶ָ⣬ЩɵıΣܿ۳һìӳ˷ϵٶȣָһ׵֮
漴볯Ŵȥ
ܵƿغͰգ˿ȱܶʱ츳Ľġ
Ҫ˵ѧϰϵľţǷսľš
۵ĳì̫࣬Ȼӿ˺ܶ࣬ȴ޷ıһִС
ì()ϣƤ()ͱ׵֮ը̲ס۵Ĳҽһ
ǿͨͷϼ۵׵֮ɱ()ȴ׵ϵߣֻͷܱ׵籣()ȴûУԸ޷յֻбը˵ķˡ
壬Ҫɱ㣡Դӽ˼Ѿܾûܹôصʹˣ׵ıŭˡ
ԭȽӴ()ٴα˲٣ȻǷһͳŷײȥ
۳ìԷͬȻ׵ը
δȴҧʹͣŲײ塣
ã尵˱˱ɫ
ǿޱ()ǿΪƵģֻǰ˼뵽˿״̬ҪײϵĻs()ҲҪзϵġ
sµ()ʣ߼µߣôһײÿǣԵ̡
ǴҽŲѵĿŷܱܲܿ
ֻڳˣֱǰҲޱȽŵĶĻһգ۾ͷʲô
ڲԶһ˹ټ״̲סǰıʣͷ㻹𣿡
оζ֮ɫҲҪˣС̫Ԥˣ
˹һͷʺţӷ㲻ˣͷʲô˼ٲֿɾˡ
()

925.925 ȫҪը˰

925 ȫҪը˰
ܿǾͿ˾˵һĻ
ֻ岻ûжֻײǿޣŷŶԷȥҪͬھһ㡣
ǲǷˣ̲סеҲǴʱҵ
ں͵尵˶սǿޣͣ뿴˹ȥ
ԭֻ߼ǿҲͣעŵǱߡ
䣡أڴҶ߻(())
ȻǾͿֻ˼ǿ޺ͷײһ𣬷иһ˸׵ý۵ذףײϵһ˲ֱӲ嵽ǿ޵Ĳ
ͬʱǿ޺ͷ嶼ײķ򵹷ɳȥ
һһ޶ײ˲֪ٿôͣڵϡ
ԭ޴ʨҽһ()岻ϵСó˴̬ģϲŵĽذѾʧѪȴӿ
ۣײһϣһѪ
˵۾һĻˣֻվ̧ĨĨѪ
ζ(ͦͦ)ģϾаһĳŴȥ
óƿҩϵĳŲĵطҪֹסӿѪ
ŷ岻ûбԼײˣֻ˿Ѫվ߹ɴ۾ʧôܣ
Цһȴûκ¶ȣΪʲôܣ
㣬ss()ʣһֲŵľ
ֻɲ˵ùȥӭĿ̬ܻ
ֿ״̬ײ۹һ˼ߣԷͱײ˰зϣһɱ˶һء
˫ss츳ое¡
üʵôǻ
Ҳǳˣ
ʲôss()ʣٴεɴ۾壬صǹġ
Цлл佱һû
ЦЦĿŴ󺺣ʵͻƵss()ʣһллء
ղǿͨ磬ҵܵȼͻˣΪܴһ()壬ʹñss()츳һ¾ͻˡ
Ϊ˸л㣬ֻѪףˣЦǸħô̲ס˲
ۣĲͬʱҲ̲סֱһѪ
֪û˵ѣΪһʼսʱ˵()ʺs࣬ͻȻǿô࣬ǵ绹ֲϵ
ԭҪ˷ģɲöԷɾ߼ܣһɾss()ʣôܲ
ȫҪը˰
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

926.926 Ҳͬͬ

926 Ҳͬͬ
ҲǺƴ󺺵ģ()ʸղͻȻһķԾȷʵǶԷٳɵġ
ҲΪ()£ͻ۵۷̶ȣûǵİҲͻΪss
ֻʱϻҪþͲ˵ˣҲҪллԷ
ߵǰѪĻ࣬ǿ˵ֹѪҩ
󺺲ֱһѪ壬̫ˣ
Цھͺܵƣս
ŻڲѪĲȴϷĵҪǱǿޣ˿ڻѪ࣬սᵼѪҺĸ죬
ǺݣҲһ()ӣָssֽΪss()ʣˣûԴľϣҲ޷ȥˡ
ʧܲ£ɲԼ˶Ȼָ֮һ־С
ǿһ
һԭںսǿޣ׷ת()Ծص˴Աߡ
һֻǾӥǿſ˵ϣ󺺴ȥߣ
ӥҪչ߷ɣͻȻĺɫٴӵ˫Ѹٲƣ()ϲƶȥӲ谭ķС
̧ۿŴ󺺵ˣ˵˵߾ߣǼأ
Ҳû׼Ŵ󺺵ߣû뵽ԼϱˣǾͽ׼Ҫ۵쫷糷ȥ
ҪҲͬͬ⡣ЦЦĿŴ󺺵ˡ
()Ŀŷ壬Ҫ˵
˵Ŷһǿ޵ͷݴż()ӣж˼Դ
˵һֻռǿޡ
۶ԷоԴը֮ļµ߾ԲܴҲпˡ
ζɨɨܵˣ֪Զ㿪˾ûôˡ߿ԣҾɡ
ɫ˳û뵽һλӢսӵͳ죬Ȼֶαҳʶˣ
ЦֻҪڣֺαأ
ֻҪڣǲбĿ
ϵѪڲӿôȥûеȵطɴҽȻǾҪѪˡ
壬ҪҵģҪԴ()ӹһס
ȻʲôԴ˵ûܶ㿪ȴоǶ㲻ġ
()

927.927 治Ǵ

927 治Ǵ
ӳͱصŵһսŵΣ()θҲǿôܻῴôȥ
˿Ķͷ
Уǹɣ忴Ŵ
ҲڴʱԷĺɫٽ˰˰죬Ų(qng)ԸĽӥɿ
ӥҲʱûһԾ·Ǻڣֶǽ
()ӵͷҪڽԴȥ
ҡҡͷҪ潫ôըˣǾ޷ǿ˵ģս϶ӢսţٶΧǵġ
Ҳ׷˵ֶǾˡ
˵ѧԺľӢãе˺ܱӣըˣǾͱѣɵ
()ӵͷżҧгݵζǱˣ
ԭƼ򵥵Ȼʧˣ˶ûг֣˲ˬ
ѪĲĿ()ߵһһҷġ
ӥߣڳĺܶ˶һ
·岻ܲ˵ȻԷԴը
Ȼ⣬ǹ˼Щ˵ġ
ɲʲôǶŲԶܿ˹٣ʣµ񣬿ɾǵˣ
ڵľжȣȻ֪ǸλãЩһﲻֻǿϷ(qng)١
̹ܿܽܲģİɣ
ͽսսӵȫ˹ʱڰķͧϵŵǿǡ
ֻ˼ǿǰзϣҪⶼ޷ץҲͿɢˡ
֪аţܲͺã
ˣڴǴ󺺵ذ˵ϣϵѪûضҩǲֹסģеãҼֹѪۡ漴һ䡣
Ҳϱ֮ǰҩۣǿҪֹסѪôߵġ
ƴǿɻôϺȵڣҪǶУЩļƣǻȥҲý
վһôϣһһʱ̵Ҫϱ
ҩҽѧϵ츳治Ǵģǰ˼޿ӿ˲ѪֹѪҩһöûС
ھ͸Ұɣһ()ͳ()ߣǿռߵ֮
ֻǿͳ켶𣬿϶Ƿǳõġ
17~
()

928.928 ǰ

928 ǰ
óһҩ۵ݸ
ʹҩ۵ʱ򣬲ֹѪҩá
ЦҪ˳ץסģһ
ͷ¡
ЦЦð
Ҫ͵ɵ£Ȼ
˿ڳеµѧǣڿ˽ǰ
ڵһʱ̽ѰҵԴľûǿ֣ʮ֡
彫ǿͳܣ˴ҵİȫԼԴľʮ֡
лǱлĺܺãʱ׿ʧΪѡһ¶⣬ڹο˵صŽᣬ˼ʮ֡
֮ǰûвڶŽһ¶ˣȫʮ֡
֮ǰܲ˳ҪԴľѧÿ˿ʮ֡һŶʶûУԺսţǲΪ˵˵ʧҲҪսѲ˺
ЩʵѾÿ˹ٽֶˣֱȽϼҵһЩˣսǱǲܽɵġ
˼ΪܶӳΪһ˽ͷ£۶ʮ֡
漴ĿһۣȺоС
ֱ˹ȥڵ㶵Ķóɡ
˲˵ʵѾˡ
׼ȷ˵¿غͺˣ·屻ǿŪˣ·ˣǿҪǿŪ
ղ˿û뵽ܿ˹پȻˡ
ʲôûУͷð亹
üԼóҾ()ˣղŵжɫֱƵɶ¼Ҳûӹҵ۾
һ˵뷨˫Ÿ
ű()ɢŵѹԼԷ˵ѹǽ㶵Ŀó˹ȥ
ùؿ˿ͷ£ûκŽʶ۶ʮ֡
Ŀػ˻μڷսʱ˻ﰲװƻϵͳ»ʧ飬㺦ˣٿʮ֡
ҲὫ⿪أԼֱƵ͵ȥһѧԺ俪
⻰Ҫڷԣһ̧۾ͺͱϬϣ˲ˡ
ڶԷ()ϸоһɱ˵ʲôҰοǵһѧԺУûʲôµġ
ǰǶزϢɴص۶ǡ
ҲٸѧУᣬԴľĿռЩҲߣֺα˷ʱ䡣
()

929.929 ķڷ

929 ķڷ
˽һѧԺ͵ѧԺĲѧ¶εɫ
Ҳ֪ٸǼʱ䣬ҲܴԴľġ
ڿ˫ss츳()߼ߣȫܺɨǡ
ҲssľǶ֡
ȻˣʵҲԹʧҲǲɱġ
رǵһѧԺѧһͷɥģһѧԺôǵһȴжˣǳ谡
նյһϢսѾЩǿȫץɹ
첹ǼǻȥúϢɡ˵ʧǰȻҪȥҩˡ
ԭУĿ˹˳
˸뿪ɡ
ǣ
ܽΣ˽Ҳˡ
ߵǰԥһᡣ
ֻ尡ϯ˶̲סԲ˼š
˵̫Ǹˣֻȣ㺦˺ܶˡ
Ĳҽû˭ͬ(qng)úá
Ҳ̫ˣǾĽʷ壬ҲûҪԷ
壬Ļʧ飬ôܱУʹܺ()츳أӦøлҲŶԣƾʲôңҪˣǽ뷨˳
Ҹлͷ潫ֱӵ̲ˣ˾ͺˣٹûʵɶˡš
һ٣ᣬڼ䷢Ķֱͨ˳ȥҶ(qng)ȥ˵ʲôȦҲϿһ˽ȥ档
߳ɭֻزǡ
֮ǰĳѧԺֻĽĸɿš
صǣȥлǱֵܡ
֮ǰҪҽҪҪսһսûлү֮ǰĽ
лǱֵܶʱ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
ʵҲûϽ֣ػشӽǵҰǽҲ١
ǴͷβûӮȷʵҲ¡
лЦЦսһսͲˣ䣡
ʲôЦҲļߣʻ׿ս弶ء
֮ǰֻ߼ǿսֲû
ҪսһսǾԶǱĽԺαֶء
лǱҲһ뷨ֲ䲻ˣǶķڷǳүүûˣ
ʵ뷨
ô˵ˣҲιŲţ(ͦͦ)ʶȤģǾɡ
˽ͻȻ֪ҪдʲôˣĿ£19~
()

930.930 Ƿ˭

930 Ƿ˭
һ˵ִﲹǺֱҲˡ
ȫַ죬ֻǷˣĸ߲һҲˡ
û취ʵǷ˫ss츳̫ˡ
ͷķ˿ѾĴˢˣֻ˼ǿսƵֱͷ
[찡û뵽궾󣬾Ȼ˫ss츳ôģ]
[ľ()츳ˣ궾Ҳˣ϶ڱȻϵ]
[ʮ**йϵҲ֪ôģ̫ˣ]
[ӵ츳ķǲǴʵܹõأ]
[ǿҪͷ츳Ϊʲôķ˵츣İ]
źܶҲͬҪ󣬶ϣ˽
Ҳкܶǵ˺ķ˿ͬ
[ôҪ°ܰͷ츳ǿʲôģƾʲôһҪ]
[ǣкöʱô͸أ]
[˵ʲôϵȴ˭֪ķһȨѡ񹫲ǲ]
[һҪռôıˣͷֲǷ˭ģ˼빫͹ЩҪˣõ°ǡ]
[˵˾ôã()츳ͺţ˶صʴŷ׷׽()츳Ǳֻ˼ǿģҶˡ]
ִȻһֹ࣬Ҫͷ幫ڻǶȽǡ
Ҫ˲Ƿ˭ģʲôʸȥҪ˼ң
ο˵()ݱɲ˭ҪģͲ˵ˣĺҳ֮()ӰԵû˸ȥҪ
Ҫǰ()ݣǺܶ˶ˣȴҲң׿ңɻ۹ٵ۹Ȩ߻š
Ҫ˭((Ʊ))뿪ȥ۹Ǹ˻Ǹǵñɹɡ
ʩѹҲǲģȿҺ˵ķӦ
ֻҵ˵绰Ҳ챻ˡ
Ѷ÷˫츳Ѳϵĸ߲ľ͸ˡ
ôɺϵ(qng)ǾԲŵģ˶϶϶йϵҩ͹ҽ츳֪ţ
Ҳ˴ҶҪ̽̽ڷ磬ķ˭츳
ֻ˸߲㣬ѾµүǣϵĸүӴ绰ҪݷúԼ÷үӽͬʱЩա
һֱڵ绰̾װԹӺϱ̫ҲǷն࣬ЩͷǼˣ
˼״̬̫ˣڵǰǲ֪ôд21ټ~~ûʲô뿴ľ(qng)㣬Уôô~~~
()

931.931 ⶼ㿴

931 ⶼ㿴
үӦ˶ǵ۶еλͷǣһĵ绰ûͣвֱȥ칫Ұݷá
ԣЩ˻ﻰⶼϣʷʲôķϣܷ¡
ȻֻҪ˷ǿ϶ḶۣԲ׳Եġ
϶˵ϣչĸøǿƣҲǱŪ÷ʤ
ֻΪ()ݻòӦʵҲΣΪֻ֪Ӿָܻˣȴ治֪СӾss
ЩһҪ(to)ҲʵӦˡ
ĻǺܽģϾڿһ˫ss츳ˣϱssҲǣĹҽҩ츳
ӵ˫츳ҪǺ޹أԼš
ְҲһֲš
ͷҲͬ(qng)˸壬ϵĳү֣һҷӡ
СȻֻҷˡ
һ**ݷõˣӦ磬ȴЩΣЩʲôãҲ֪ܵ˫ss츳
ȱˣͱȽ()Ľն˵ĵ绰ܹˣȻȥ͵С
ԭ׼Լһڻ¥ҹ˳ȱΪԼҵܵܺ͵ø¡
˭֪ûᣬƵ˾ˡ
ôõ(qng)ҲֵǷ£һ˶͵أصԼһҡҡ
Ȱһۣ츳(qng)治֪
Ƶ˼״Ҳ֪һ治֪ⲻҲΪɼģٻȥ
ǷҺũżƶᱻ̤ƽˡꪶžƱһڡ
ȳ˳Щ鷳ҵܵܺ͵ýʲôϵ
˵˵⻰ɣ츳йأ˭츳Ҷ룡
ǣҿǼװԹʵҫܵܺ͵ţ((Ʊ))ءƲƲ졣
Цⶼ㿴ˣװ
漴ɫʣǲϢ鵽𣿡
һɷһֱƶ˼ó츳ǾǶԲͼõ°ܡ
ûƺͽȥ˭ں
(i)ҲǼ̳ˣڲϢһȴͨԼϢ
()

932.932 һı

932 һ()ı
ߵЦҲ˼֡
ҲҶҶģȻһ⽫ƶ
£ҶģҼǵûʲôɣ˵ȻҶҶС㣬ҶˣҲǶҶжΪʲôҪô
ꪵ֪
ҶСϲ˼𣬸Ҫ޸ֻ֮ǰһֱΪԼҶұȽܳСȥ׷ðؼǱ
˭֪˼ͻȻ΢϶ˣ˵ʱھư˼죬Ǵεûʲô
ǰʱ˼ĸ׺ҶҶߣҶͼˣүҲͬˣ˭֪˼Ǽһȴܾˡ
Ҷֻϲ˼Էųֻ˼ˡ
ǰ첻֪ؼҵôҶ˵ģͺˣҲǱǮϵ°ܡ
ǹͳƶˣҶ緢(qng)ֵƿأҪȴˡ
۾żΣյϢؼҳ˰˼⣬һĶôϲQҾ͸ҵ(qng)ɡ
˼ȢˣȻȥĨؼҵûƷ
ΪҪҶõҶһ׷֧֣Ȼ̳˵Ļȥѹְ˼ʼˡ
ҶǱҪҪ֣ƵҲǽԼ˵ģԺǲˬ
ܾ²򵥣ϾҶҴ󷿵ĹϵܺãǱŪɳ׾ˡ
ûв𣿡ʡ
ƺͽꪶҡҡͷûУص̫ˣеǺֵ˶͹żйϵ
ǱҲûʲô쳣Ķûзϵ
ĦžƱѹֻ֣˵ǳĹżȥġĸҲǹż壬ϵʱҪ֣Ҳⷽء
ټ飬ŽԲŽ޹ġ
˷׷׵ͷû⣡
ҲϢԼҵܵܡ
Ƿϴܵķһ𿴵ӰԴӿѾþû׽ˡ
緢Ϣüͷ
ҶֱвҪȥϱϵ(qng)Ӧ籩Ѿоˡ
ҶûпԺڵĵط
ҡҡͷȲãȥ֮Ҷ̸̸һһ()ıҶ֣ǺҶҲҡ
Ҳеף㷴Ӧ죬ȻҶ϶Էˣ
ллҵԺҿŷԼòƻһЩûд̫ٶˣ¾(qng)϶ģİ~~~ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

933.933 һ

933 һ
˵Żܿһ
վ()ȥžͼлֵܣԼһ͵ѧԺӵվſڡ
Ҽ£ſʡ
лǱһʧЦǲֻأղȥ㷿û˾Ͳµ
֪ԭ򣬡ɣ
ǲõľƵ꣬˽ҶԼն˺ǱңסҲԼԷ忪õķ
һ(to)пҡ
˽ЦЦ()ȥ˼ȡ
ȵݸˣʲô£
лǱſȱЦȹϲοõ˸˵һѧԺһ
εĿ˻ְղѾˣڶѧԺֵܻһ˰Ļֵһڶ
ΣѧԺҲû˭εڶѧԺзӣԡ
ЦЦлл
лǱƵϣȣǽݷþһʣ˵˫츳нأ
䣬Ҳû˼ǼﶢʣĻǾ͵ûʡ
źܶѧӵ˼ĵ绰ȫҪ̽츳ġ
лǱȻҲܺĶоʻЩðʧˣȴţҲû취
֪ǵ츳һع⣬϶(qng)
ͷռһɡ
һֱоܹ()ʺ;ҩҲһЩͻƺͳɾͣü˷ģҩ϶Ͷŵгġ
ȥ֮һῪһŷᣬ˵˵µģԸλż
ͷľܹȻֻǽⶾԭ
ӵл꣬ʶǿԽ궾ʶ;һںϾȻˡ
ǱߣһֱڷһƵʶʶǹͨģԶС
ҪǶ˵츳ȫǿڶš
׼ֵҩתҩͶ뵽г
()ʵҪǿóȥ
ȴһֱڸĽǿʵҩҲѾ˲ͷܿ()ʵҩܱоҲͶг
׬Ǯεģֶй׵ҩҲ㽫¡
˵Ƿ壬ҩ֮Ҳڷҵȹ̣һã
()

934.934 㲻ɣ

934 㲻ɣ
ĻлǱһȻ̲סЩڴ
˵ҩ˶𣿡һʡ
ͷٶԾųϵ˶ðɡ
()츳ԽߵˣЧ϶û츳Խϵ͵˺ãҺͷܹҲֻҩԭĳɷҲռ˲١
Ļü˾øţҪǷ֮ȼǾ̫ˣһһ㣬Ҳˡ
⣡˷׷׵ͷ
ǰһֱ˵ũĿȺúȣҳǱĺú̫ˣлдһһߺͿһЦ˵
һ˽ӿڵǰϧ̫ˡ
Ժ󿧷ȺͲҶռֲģʱͲˡεСǸ쿼ˣҲ˲ٵС
۾һ̫ˣҪǲ򵽣ҼүӾͲؼ߶ˡ
һ뿪ˣҲ˵ҩϢ˻ȥ
Ȼһʮʮ٣Ҷ֪˵ҩйأȴûо⣬ֻû뵽ôĳϣڴ˵Ǻ¡
ڶһ磬ٴγ֡
ȿ˵ҩۺܺãμһ
ðͷҪսŵģսȻԽԽá
ЦЦſ˵οԲڶѧԺֵܷһ˵һ߶н
˻ְǰʮģҲᰴλкܶͬѧĲŬ
ͷһҷɴ˶ʱķɴɣȥúϢ
ǣİţ˲ûʲô顣
ͷ˵ľţﻹ츳ҩ䷽ȻҪòС
ͷűһСͰȫϵȴߵķɴ
ߵ£Ӿƣʸкܺá
ºĿαϣӣ㻹(ͦͦ)ܵ
ЦƽôۣϢʱȻҪԼˡ
˵ĿȺܺúȣһ
ð()ȥݿȡ
ݺñƷһڣ¶ܵɫͬѧɣֳĶڲͬ
ܿ˹ˣЦЦ
()ϵһ棬һʱݼ٣˵ǸũˣҲȥסס㲻ɣ
18~~~
()

935.935 Ƥ

935 Ƥ
ͷ嶼£ȻȽⱡĻ
üũȽʺϣסŵĲǹ˾лү֮Ĳˣ㲻ʡ
ĵĺһڿȣЩˣòϢһʱ䣬͵ˣǿԽҵ˿
˳ǣһôоƤ
˵һֻ첲˵ҽ鷳Ҳҿɡ
ЦЦãҰ㿴
ŶԷ˰ɫһʼĵȻ˼֣ڵİ˺ܶ࣬ǰйȻѾˣȴ˺֢
ܹصʴʱʹܸǶʹóޣ⻹(ͦͦ)ġ
еЦŨŨĹҽȻҲȥũҽæβ
Ȼҿ϶˵ġ
˵˱ôëҲ˵ʲôܾԷĻһ()ΪͷЩԵĿࡢܵ˿϶
һлҪ˵㡣
ԣЩˣЩ߿Ƽ˲ʲôĲܸΣҵĹҽȷʵܰκá
ҵũ㿴ʲôϣȥǿ
ɻũβأ˲ᷢ()ݣǼʶ㱾()ʵıȴпܿ
һҶģģũֻ(jn)ҩǿ޵(qng)ҿ϶й¶ȥ
(qng)˼֪ˣҵũ
ҡҡͷû()ݶ˵ܣȥũͱ֪
ҲǶ˵ͶϣֻҪΣ(qng)һν
ðɣ֪ˣҪסʱȺкһҰŷӡ
ͷã鷳ˣ
ǲҪǽˣ忴űʡ
˹Ȼܴӡ
ȷʵİţȻΪҽȫκãӦþͲȥǽˣһǸϲڵϵ
񣬸ϲôɱɱ
ЦЦ⵹ǣҲϲսţǽĸȻЩ˳Ķǵġ
Ļȸ󣬡ҲűȽǣ
ôûȤսӣ
()

936.936 ͸

936 ͸
ԭ()һֱ
ȻȤˣ겻Ҫ㿼𣿻ֱ룿
صֱ룬ҲҪһЩ˲УȴýսѵӪͷʼֻòμѡξͿˡ
Ŵٷǵ츳ȴ¡
ĺܿˣڵ츳ѧԺʵҲûʲô˼ѧĶ̫ǳˡ
꣬ս߽ܹеѧϰҪ󡣡
Ҫѧϰҩ֪ʶǾͿ԰ҩоʵϰ߽һҩ˾Ҳû⡣ѧϰף԰Ҷҹ˾ĺĲͻ׵죬˻ײӴζҲһ
Ƕ͸ˡ
û뵽֮ôãҪսȨ޺ܴ
ѹֵһҩ˾µҩ䷽ͼеи߶ҩһ׹˾ͬƿȽĻ׼ӵĻ״ʦȻսŵӰӡ
Ҳǣһ˾еļѱ䣬ǲɹġ
ս룬ѱģȴҲڿƷΧ
ȥȷʵ(ͦͦ)˵ģϾҪѧϰҩͻ죬ֻܽЩطС
սӵ˶𣿡ʡ
Цǰɣÿ˶ĻᣬȴҪĳ츳ͻСֻϲóս߲ͶôԴġ
ܹˣ츳ĳЩͻҲУ󶼵õսصۺҲΪ˴ʦ
ҩ죬ΪͻʸսصֻǰҪսսӣЧ
˵ЧҲΪսֻҪػΪĶԱʸܾһЩΥԼְԸֻΪǺǿ󡣡
˵仰ʱ˵ǿƣױȵš
ͷһۣҪ£
ǵȻģѧ֮ǰҴ𸴰ɡЦ
ʱ䣬û˵()Ļ⣬ϵر
Щʣӣܲ˽⡣
ʲô⣿ü
ǻȡгЩ̫ðرսǹ֮ⷴģʵʡ
źžǱ
()

937.937 ȻҪ

937 ȻҪ
΢΢
漴ʧЦżֳζҵĸȡġ
ȻұҾҪ֤ҲҶҲһֱûġ
ܻڣҲֵ֤һ㣡ϲûʹƽ
û뵽ģһıǸ˼ԭΪȤζȡġ
ûϵǰҲʹҲЩ̹(())ЦЦ
ϣͷҲóһйµˡ
ҲûټʣͿǴ˼ҵ˰ˡ
ԱĸҲ˼ַУΪԼҵĶȡ˸֣˵(i)Լĺӣпܺᡣ
Ȼôᣬأ
⣬
һСʱȥɴҲִ˵۶ǡ
˷ɴնϿ˿µһϢȻؼҰɣʱս˰бǵġ
ã˵ͷҪ治˱ǲ֡
·ɴһװ׳ͣ棬רŵͷ壬Ȼ˳ص㱣
װ׳ʻλŵתͷ١С㣬ϣȥլסֻǿǱǵжҲǱһЩ(ɧɧ)š
լǷүסĵطȫ()ǳǿүӵ()ݵλû˸Ҳ(yn)ܽȥ(ɧɧ)ˡ
֪Ƿְֵĺ͹ģã
֣չ¶츳˺ܴ鷳
ܹ츳ҩ()̫ˣϲǱ߶ʲô磬˭Ҫģϰֲȥլס
סЦЦû£ڲ¶ԺҲܻᱩ¶ģֱ֪Ҳе˲Ͷ
黹סũڻȥΪڽ㣬Է()ҪǱ˷ع˵һͨȥլ±˵עҲá
װ׳ֱӿ˷լͷһžͿүӺͷֵڿȻǹǵġ
ǻˣүЦŶ֡
߹ȥ˵кһ飬Ȼ¡
үӴ(i)ĿЩˣҼҳСҲˡ
()ϵĶضĵģ˵ʲô츳ˡ
үүˣЦŵҲԼ츳ȻҲܽɹ
үĿ˷һۣͱˣȻҪ죡
ϱԼӣȻǺܿĵġ
19~~~״̬ýȥľ(qng)ͽʱ0֮ȡÿ춼һ()~~
()

938.938 ͬ

938 ͬ
үүѾϰˣ⿴үүԼ
ҪүүǲǾϱܽЦʡ
үү¶ֽ֮ɫǵȻģԵһ£׷
ǣ۹õġ¶ͬ֮ɫ
˵ģüۼ価Ц⡣
Ҳˣ¥Ϣɣ˽ǡүûж츳(qng)֪Сһ
¥ȥķ䡣
סҷ䣬ȥͷ˯ŽȦ˻
§ð
ģģ忴ԼϱĵЦ̲סԼȥ
ӿʼ˵ڣǿɻûкú
Ӧ
ֵԭҪҵܵĵģɷֿͷſţȴգһʧЦ¥ݡ
ͷ(r)һᣬ˾§һ˯
ЩĿȷʵ(ͦͦ)۵ģڷ(i)һ𰲾ʱ⣬˶ϲ
ûе溰˯ϴһǣ¥
ӴʱҲպô
ַ壡к
дЦĿˣһȥᡣ
ã֪лҪ˵
үŷֵһ壬˽˾Ҫˡ
ֻͷǲϵĺըүӣ̫̫ǱҲвﰵ̽
̫̫ҲȽϷǱߵֶӣүӾ뿪һʱܱܡ
̫̫ڼңһȥҪܵ(ɧɧ)ţүӺģÿͽӽлпԣ޷ǹź
Ц˵⼸סլҲÿԶүү
ȻʹܽˣҪ
ܵͷͣǰ⼸Ҳȥүү
ͷ()˵ǣһȥ֪Ҫˡ
Ц˵͵ɡ
үӵһۣСӣԺҾ͹ˣ
˳˳ǣȻһǾͱҰˡ
ȥݼүӶԷʹ
ȿ((Ʊ))վЦãӻˣźţ
Цǣүүϲˣ
()

939.939 㲻׼

939 㲻׼
˷үһİۡ
˭ϲˣԼֻϲϱſ΢˳۵ˡ
ãҲմϱĹأȻҲҰӣ()ȥæ˲衣
һлҪ˵үӶȥˡ
ƤЦ(i)ЦеЦȾżů⣬ϲദա
ɵ˸Ͱ裬Ҳ֪ûлţǱ߲ˣ
ϷϢʡ
ӽӹСӶ˹Ĳ豭Դʶ󣬳˲٣֣
ǰ(qng)ֻȵȱ˶˲衣
ЩԵ()Ҳ˺ܶ࣬˸һ˸еĻսɱ¾ɷܸ˶ת䣬ϱһ⡣
ϲ˺ͱ˿ԼϱˣǣĹ󣡡
һѣƤ񣡡
ε(qng)Ѿý취ˣѾԹӺͶϱĹˣڿǵ()ء
ص׼óܹ()ʵҩͶгֻ߽Ӳˡ
ȶŲ豭һ٣Ҫҩǹ˾
ͷе뷨߶͵һҩ˾¡
Ȼŷ磬ҩ䷽޳óȥϾʥĸһõ°ܾͻĴ
ó䷽ҲֻݼҪ츳ˣҲ˳㰲һ´ڼ(qng)Լתߡ
㲻׼ʡ
ص׼ˣҽ䷽ó磬ŶᴦõģֻҪˡ
ʧЦǸʹˣҶӦõġ
Ҵ֪˼ˣһᴦõģҲˡ
䷽Ҫ򡣡
ðҾ͵ŶĺϢˣ䷽ٸ£͸㣡
˶ٵ½Ǳ߷һϢңҾֱӺϵɡ
ãҩϵش󣬻Ǻ͵һҩ˾סȵͷ
ţ̸ú֮ҾͿһŷᡣЦ˵ʱЩ׵ľȥ(ɧɧ)½Ʒͷˣ͵͵С
̸£ӶԷ˾˹۶һˡ
¶ϲɫ˾Ҫ̫ˣûأü
ֵҪһܾܵҪ׼ȥ˾ǰҫϱˡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

940.940 ǲ̫˵㣿

940 ǲ̫˵㣿
ҲЩҪԼСӵĹע㳹ˡ
˾ιȷʵҪ֮⻹Ҫ졣
Цʣʲô£˾ƽǺ̤۶ǵģӦúҪɣ
ĸĹ壬Ѿȥ⹫Ǽţĸ׻һ׸磬ֵܶʮ(i)
ֻ⹫;˾˺̤۶ǣһֱ˵ǲܴĳЩƽ⣬ǰȥǿǿ
ӻص۶һܺ󽫻һż彻ᣬ˾ҪϹμӡ
˵ż壬ĸҲǹż壬յ뺯𣿡(i)Ŀʡ
ҡҡͷûյ
˼Ȥż廹ٰ콻𣿡
ֻżŻᣬϴνʮǰ֮ԼǵãҪǸʱӻûȥ
ЩʣһǸʲôأ
ԽһЩԴΪɣȻĵãϾһЩʽǲͬ
Ц˵ֻֽйż˲ܲμӣҲûȥҪȥĻ˾ˣŪһ뺯
ǰĸҵļ̳ˣȥҲֻʣһˣҲڵļ̳ˣȻʸμӡ
ͷð
ӿ˵˫츳ѧԺ̵ĶѾʺˣʲô𣿡
ǼȥϿΣʱܵšϲӺͶϱٶеֻ꣬츳¶֮ѧУȴǲ̫ʺٴˡ
ѾԵܴͬ࣬ЩγЩ˷ʱˡ
ʵصǻʱ򣬱ȥֱѡսӣǻ(ͦͦ)Ȥġ
㶣΢΢üǲ̫˵㣿ѵֻ࣬ʱҪ֮䣬Σճ̶սߵġ
廹δ˵үӿڵΣճ̶ȸȴҲ˵ģҲԱһķͷ
ѧԺĻȿ϶Ҫʱȥǣﻹʲôѧϰԣѧ㶫
ϣɵĹ죬Ҳ⣬⻹ҪԼѡ񡣡үӺܿԼӺϱôѡ֧֡
ĿǣҲüԷΪɡ˵
ͷõģүү
()

941.941 ǱСӺ

941 ǱСӺ
ȻȽСӣʵҪȥ꣬Ҳֹ
ܿһ˵Цһүȥ԰ɢ
ļ죬ûгլү廭Ҳ³ʳ
Ӻͷֵÿ춼լԷıȫլﶼܰ(r)
죬ү壬Ӻһòݵһլ
Ա߿ķվϲЦź˾ˣ
䳾ȾŵЦ⣬ǰл˰
үк壡
үЦݣȻϲԷ䳾ˣοҪס졣
ãλڵ۶ǶයһЩʱġ
䳾˵ֿЦŵɡ
վ()Ц˵˾˺ã
λ˾˸һ֥µ֮Уͱͬ˹һţǫǫ֡
ĸڣ()ֻһֱ
֣Nɪ˵˾ˣϱ۹ðɣ
䳾۳磬۹һ޶
Ȼ壬ƽҲٻڵǣ绹һֱ˽⡣
(qng)һֱֵ÷зر츳(qng)ֵ˾֪һֱйע
ԼܹҵŮѣҲĵĽ͸ˡ
۹ǱСӺã
үӺЦ˵ߣȥȲ衣
˴ӻ԰ȥ˿ȥݲ裬䳾¡
һ಻˺ܶడ
ǰôȥ(qng)
ЦⶼĹ͡
䳾Цſ׷㣬ˣ
ü۴ЦҾԼܹҲˣ
Ȼë٣ϲͳ裬ܼˡ
ҲϲԸ(qng)Եġ
⻰䳾ϲֶ˼֡
˼䣬䳾жһ̽ݸ
ǹż彻뺯ԴҳϯǰкͶԸνᣬ˳õ뺯
ӹЦŵлл˾ˣ
ֻд̧֣ͷʣĽܴ߰𣿡
䳾ҡҡͷܣֻ˲μӣûȥ
ʱȥͺãϱȻúչ˵ġ
˾鷳˾ˣͷ
д̫ˣ17~~
()

942.942 Ҳܽͨ

942 Ҳܽͨ
ûһᣬֵҲլ峾ʮָˡ
ó֮ĸ(qng)ܺã峾δ飬ȫԼĶһ
һ
ȻЩźԼϱȥμӽᣬо˾ģǺܷĵġ
˾ˣһԹżͼǱûзʲô쳣(qng)һʱ䷢(qng)˵¡
䳾˵⼸żϵһЩȢŮӣ߼޸ӵ(qng)ӣ˭ǱŽȥ()ϸ޷ȷ
ղĽҲμӹżĽᣬҺһѣε
弸˶⣬ֻһûС壬ѵʵǹż壿
䳾ҡҡͷǽң¬ҡ
¬ңֵЩĪ
Ļ˵Ѿ̳¬ҡ
Ҷ̫̫ǳż¬ң¬ҵ(qng)ĸƣʮֵĵֻʣ̫̫һˡ
̫̫ǳΨһŮ˽¬ҸҶ߼̳С
ҶߵɷҶԸó¬ҵļ̳ȨżҲϿɵġ
üǿΪҶҵŮֻǳŵһ׹˾ȥģĿӦǹż¬ңѾƿˡ
ΪǰԿܻᱻӰҵҲΪ֮
ҲܽͨΪʲôһŮūϵá
ӦýӰӣҲӰͽױ¶ºѡԹۣȫû˿Ҫȵ˼
ŽҲǣܹɹ޸ӣҲͺпܽӴżҡ
϶ԹżʲôͼıεĽ᲻֪ܲܿһЩʲôҲǲ뷨
䳾˼Ƭ̵Ҳйϵ
￩һ£ʣ棿
䳾صŵʱھ˵ߣ֮û׶ݵأǿޱȡ
ǧıǨŵ(qng)湦ֻмĹżӵУҲߵ֮֮·
˵廹һЩ󷨡׭ʮֵ棬ѧ֮ʵһЩ湦ܹͻʮߵƿ
()

943.943 Żᶢ

943 Żᶢ
䳾ƽȻǣżȴʱϵ֪Ϣ١
ֻǻûĸżͻʮߵĽޣԴҶԴ˶Űɡ
ǿˣǿҲʮ
˵湦һԹżֻ֣ǱżֶԿˣ˵ЩҸȼ
ߵûбȫ©ˡɫ䡣
ͬΪż壬Ȼᱻ˵ϡ
׵ĻǵǺʱ鵽ĶӦˣʮ**ǹǿ˹żν湦
ż˵ԭŵʱڵ壬Ѱ湦⣬пѰһЩ淽Ķ
ҵĹҽܾͺ͹йϵԽŻᶢϡ
ҲܽͣĹҽΪô棬ҩҲͨġ
˻߶
ֻǲµĴк͵жҲģǷҲǣҪ˭Ҵϱ⣬ǷҲǲŹġ
ͷҲô²ġ
һʼ䳾˵ǺܾȵģתһȻˣϾִʱҲйڵģĸǡ
ȥż彻ᣬҲܿЩߣЩߡ
˳һǸ
һʮֵĴƻô˶ûκָ֤Ϊ()⣬Ҳûץ
ֻǲ֪ҶǱˣ֮ǰѾҶ͸¶˽׺ͽĹϵǱӦҲ˰ɡ
£ն˾һϢ˳
򿪿ҶģԷԼϼ档
ԥͬˣȻԼ˷ǾȥǼһ档
ʱҶ˹ȥҲȼ˽һװһȥӡ
䳾ǷɹЩƣ룬һȥϢˡ
үӺͷлҪ˵ȥ鷿
ͶԷֵܵҶҽһȥ档
£ҶĺѣǺ˽ģҪ˵Ǿһȥɡ
վ()ЦȻҪ棬ҾͽŻһ𡣡
У˶Ҳôڻܵͷ
ԭ§ԼϱϢҲֻ¥·һȥˡ
ǵֱ˶¥ﲻֻҶڣء½Ʒȵ۶ļŵļ̳ˡ
1830~~
()

944.944 ʲôͼ

944 ʲôͼ
˽ȥ󣬻ͽҲˣ꿡
һ˴кҶѾ˲پˮ
ȶ˰ŵˡ
Ƕսż̳ˡָָһսװȥż֮е˵
ָָһòӢʿҰӽܣʢգսĹӡ
ЦŶ˵ͷ١ʢ٣
СãˣЦŶͷ
ʢҲףСã˵㣬ѵܼһ棡
սǱߵȦӣܼߵȦӣƽһĲǺֵܶ࣬Щôˡ
˼ڶȦӵģΪ硢ԵʣһֱûȦ
ܽӹҶݹľƻ˻ΣЦŶЦǿϡͰ
Цʵ˵СҪǾո(r)ˡ
üǶϱʲôͼ
ƽǺٻģð϶򵥡
ʢЦôǶСûʲôͼͶ⡣
֮ǰսսŻص۶˵ʲôС()ЩϾһս֪һж׺ݺ(qng)
ڿǻʳģɵòˡ
û뵽()޷ԵļһȻҲб(i)(qng)סһ졣
ЦŵͷһĵûͼͶͺãʵϱ̫ˣʱ(ɧɧ)ţǶʤ
ʢռ˳˳ǣһ￴ȥôôҫNɪ(ƨp)ģǷᣡ
ȿȣ⣬ϾСǼˡɿһ
СǺãԭôûŮѣĸ߲ͬã˭˼ʵǿҪϹ۾顣
ҶЦžٱѵþһһȺһ
һٱһȻһߺȾһģһЩ롣
ﻹһС䣬һƣҶ˵ǵģ
ãվ()ǣŷġ
ҶҲû׼⣬žƱ˽˰䡣
˽ȥҶϵЦ˼֣˫ֽճȭ
һŷߺ޵ģ֮ǰ˵(qng)Ѿ֤ˣȷʵǽ˽ӣֻˣ˽Ů
()

945.945 ǳ

945 ǳ
ͷЩ⣬⵹ûвġ
˽ŮͻȻ˲²⣬Щ˵ĸǲǶ͹żйϵ
Ҷһ㶣ô֪ģ
µġӦöԹżͼһֱͼӴҪ͸ż塣
ֻû뵽Ȼַ
ҶЦǰ˭뵽ҶҶĺŮ޳֮ͽ
˽ӣ˵ĸһǹżϵһǹż峤ϵ˽Ůͱʱ߶
һ˽Ůĸһż峤Ůз֮
ҵԷŮͷȥԼŷŮǽ֡˴ñӣöԷŮһҰֶ֣βһĸ̵˵
üô
ȻԵôŮˣӰʿҧ˵()ǽģ(i)ɲװġ
Ҷص˹İˣȷʵŮˣŮ˵ֶҲܸҹùõҲ׷ЩȥҲһֱڶԷС
ùڻ֪ô˽Ů֪ĿóҶԽʹļף˵ùø(qng)ܺá
Ҷͷ֪һ̫ʲô˺Լ(qng)Ҳ´ݾߣý˷
Һ͸Ѱһ֣ܹٶԹù˺ķ¶࣬Ź
⻹ֻĿǰ鵽ģһ˵˽Ůҧгݵ˵
ҪǴӵܵܵ(qng)͸¶ϢǶԽ˷İв鵽ô࣬Ƕ벻Էˣʵαװ̫ˡ
̾˿治Ǹһҿ˺Ѿɿ϶ɱ⡣
ʵڲлַǾýʧùúԶ֪ıѣҲֻģȴᱻˡ
ҶžƱֽ˽Ҳȴ־öԹùòƽһӶŶԷĺãʲôʸ񡣡
룬صζԸ
()ݺ⣬ֻӴҶһ׵һЩļеһ׹˾Ĺɷݡ
ִӹùü̳¬ңν¬ȥμӹż彻ᣬһĿ֮ڣС(())治뿴ġ
ʣսǱѾ֪˽(qng)˶ʢչ̸̸֪˼ǣ
ѾµǳģУǾ̸̸ɡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

946.946 ǽ

946 ǽ
ͬ⣬Ҷն˷һϢȥܿ˽
Ҷڵ(qng)Ѿ˵ˡ
ºʢȿС㣬Ǵսģ֮Լ棬ҪҲǲ˵ע⡣
ǽһ棬ҲֻΪͶҪ
ȻҪǽȥսԻܶ˵Ĺע̽(qng)Ͳðˡ
ʾ⣬ֱ˵ʲô°ɡ
(qng)սĸ߶ӣʮֵأصҲǼãǲôöûǵĴӪĻ֮˵˭
ԭսѾ׼ֱܴѶ˭֪Ȼ̳¬ңΪ˹żеһԱǾû취ֱӶˡ
żȻʵȴǿγˣļҳ¶ӲսҲ͹żĸ߲ɹЭ飬ǣԽǹżˣڶһ㱣
ͬҲܳһЩȶ(qng)ǻԼĹϵ
żĽѾյ뺯ϣܽص۲½ʲô⣬㶼Ըǡ
ս鵽ϢΪ˲ٵ׼֪̳¬ȥμӽĿģõһЩʲô˭ȽеĽӴҪ鷳Сעһ
ʢյ˼ԣʵҪڹż彻ϼӽܹԷʹӾ͸ˡ
ȻСṩһЩõϢսҲǻ㱨ģս߻ֶԡһ䡣
ͷû⣬˵ҴӦˣ
ԭ()丸ĸ֮һȻŹ
С㣬Ȥս𣿡ʢЦ롣
ЦŵսҲӭ㣡
ûİһۣ˵¾˵£ǽǣǵһսſɶûء
ʢպͶҲûһ¾ܽڹʱʱһỹбҪģ˵ͻȻأ
ô˵ֻҪСҪսʱӭսĸҲʢձȽг˵
Цл⣬Ժһῼǵġ
ʢ֮ǰΪҽţssľ츳ӦûȽϸ߰߸䣬û뵽ôദ
()ΪսĹӣʱҲ͹ż˴򽻵ܶżĵϵһһ˵ԽУ۾쳤ͷ֡
ʵ츳ʵɶԶˣҲνӴӡʮֺá
()

947.947 Ҳǻһ

947 Ҳǻһ
ʢЦóһļݸ
ǰûôӴĹż壬ǲμӽÿżĴ(qng)ܣϣܶЩô
Ҳսʾˡ
⣬ǻܹ뽻ϢˣоʱϣܻףӴԷæ
ҪҲǽ()̫⣬ǣ̫࣬ս߲¸(())
ӹļЦл
ʢպͶ˼ӣնϵʽ뿪С䡣
ҶռżŮһ֤ݣ鷳æ¡
Ů˶ǹżˣ˵ζȥμӽᣬƱػͽӴ
ȥǾӦС֪Ŀ
սȻû˵ЩҶңȻһ˼̳¬ңƻԭĲƻ
ԴҲΣ˭֪ùûĽ¬ת̳С
(qng)ãһһᶢġ
ҲûжܿҲ߳С䡣
ʢ˻û뿪źͷܵ˺Ⱦġ
ȻһȦĵģĺãӴ߼ϵԴҶкô
ƽŲŵȴǴˣûд̽ʢռ˺ڰ˵ʲôὫ˵ȥ
˵Цӡ
棬ƱЦ˵ϴζķҶһ٣㣡
ˣƱһڡ
غʣʲô
ȽзȨЦŽķܿ(qng)˵һ顣
ԭӵ˶׷ͣ¡
㻹ửظҲһŰɡЦŴչ
ǱȽŵġ
½ƷҲЩ棬ҪܻҲһŰɡ
ʢȻ̫ŷô棬ȴҲҪ
һ
ΪߣĲ˶Ǹÿ˶һ
Ųţõÿ˻Ƕ()
һᣬʣûʲôö
֮ǰԷ͹Ʒһ̺˵õġ
Цҡҡͷղöż彻һܶżǰ˵۶ռһЩż͹ȣҲǻ˲ٺö
кöҵһʱ㡣
ͷã
Ҳӵ˵żӦ档
17~~~
()

948.948 ʲô˲

948 ʲô˲
һСʱҾɢˡ
ûгȥڼүӺ˾ˡ
˯Ѿͽӵ꿴򿪵ĵ绰
һ(to)˸ռĹΣҪҪ꿳ͶӰ
ܿ()ƿ()̨ϰһ(to)̹ŵΣͷΡ׹ȥˮͷܺá
Ҫھ͹˾
ţڹ˾Ұѵַ㡣꿵ͷ
ã绰ŷһȥ˾
ſڣ꿵Ǵȥ¥ϡ
յչʾſڣ洫һʮưŮ
(to)ҿˣҰ
꿵𣬡˼(to)ѾԤˣСڿİɡ
ԤˣŮĵǾˣҪ
˼ԤĶǲˣСڿİɡ
֪˭ҾͿˣҡ
ЩǵһҪǿġ
Ȼҵ¹󣬵ʶ˲ٵ۶ҵļ̳ˣȻ¶ԷһıǸǲ
ͷҲڴʱ˽ȥ
꿼״˿ˣ
㿴𣿡Ҫ(r)(qng)ܶࡣ
磡߹ȥ˿ŵ(to)иоһֻҪúãȫܹһ(to)
⣬Ǳң
Ц˵˲ҪǱңҪǧcԴʯ
ϴƾüԴʯûãǧС˼
ãӿռǧԴʯ
ǧԴʯںܶ˵ǸСĿĺҲô˷һ(to)Ρ
ȴ(ͦͦ)ֵ(to)̺ȽŨҵѾѵˡ
ԱվںŮӣ
ɨɨۣһʩ(to)Ҫˡ
ƳһۣҺʶ˵ҪҾҪø㣿
Сó(to)ʰңɱ𾴾ƲԳԷƣŮߡ
ҲҪв͸ϿȥΣﵢƣԺ󻵵ĸ
㣡Ůһŭû˸ô˵
Ավһ()ȹòŮӣյ˵˼䡣
Ůֿ˿ͷ壬мƲƲ죬ʲôս͵һѧʲô˲ģԸǵ(qng)
()

949.949 Ҿͳȫ

949 Ҿͳȫ
ʵ⻰³ǹżġ
Ůߣ()ɢΪЩ⣬ӦܸоõԲҪ
ԱߵĺȹŮӶһ˵ĵӸУ˶ԷʲôһҲǸвġ
岻ʶŮӣȴʶȹŮӣҶ磬ô˵ҲҶҶС㣬Ȼ˱˵Сֱ࣬ǶȦ˵
Ҷû뵽ȻյԼ()ϣ壬Һͷֻѣ˵˵
ȷʵЩŷȴȥʲô࣬ҲԼĽ
۾ֲϹҿ㶼쵱˵Ĺ͹ˣ岻мƲƲ졣
޵Ŀ˿ǲŴӼųɣΪԼǹżľ͸һȣⶼʲôʱˣûʶӣ
ٹżһ߸ϵģһĻͳǼһĸо
ڷ忴ЦżȷʵŲٵֶΣҲѷɫżʮˣС
ߵȺƣܽżѹҲֻЩ˲Żڼ
ŭ
һۣ漴߼ߵϢѹ˲䳯ŶԷӿãŲһָͷܰ㣿
ԲиҺﰵıӣ̫ˡ
ѹϯӣҶ綼һҪϢĸоЩ
()ŵһ߼״ɫЩѿͷſѹҪֿͷͷŵѹ֯һ
һ£˲˺һһѪ
̧ĨĨ۾治ss˫츳Ϸǳʶˣ
߲ߣ߼ʵ൱ֻû뵽һ־Ͱ
ʵǷľ̫߳࣬Ǿŵƣûȡ
ĵȻʶˣǾͽǼвСȥųۣ
Ҷ⸱ģǹɼʺԹ޸ӵŨ
۶˶ͬʱϲƾʲô
бͱ()󡣡̲ס
üðȻҪҾͳȫ㣡
漴۷ϢѹӿҶȥ
Ҷֻߣֵסѹο˵㾫
ֻоͷ()ѣԴ£ʧ̬Ǳ
18~
()

950.950 СĵΪ

950 СĵΪ
()߼״̲סɫ΢䡣
Ȼܸ˷壬ȴѹڷ˵ǰ
ֻƾѹѹֱӴ͸ҶѹƹЩš
ss֮𣿹Ȼǿ
ȥ֮һҪͼ˵˵ҩ䷽ø㵽ֲС
ɫЦŵᣬҼСһ۶ǣܶ(qng)˽⣬ðˣ
漴ֵʹһ񣬡Сߣ
˻⣬ǰԼһ˿첽뿪
߶Է˱ȭǣ
ȥ뿪Ҫ֪СίȻҪˡ
Ҳ̫ˣȻһ涼ȴҲ˼
忴ż뿪⼸Ϊż嶪
ȷʵҲȽͬЩһӲ
ǸҶҵĵܴ󣬶ô͹ż˻һˣܲϲҶ翴
ð˼(ͦͦ)ģܾ˰ؼҪǽŮȢȥ׵ľǻ
忴żȥıӰŮӶвԲ浽һ𡣡
ҶôָҶҶйء˵ҶҶܻԾ
ңҶ˵(qng)ŷǴñǸҰɣ
ҲһͷߣҶᵽľǷңû뵽ҶҶȻͶԷߵôأ
Ҷͽ˽Ůһ棬ɲôɵ(qng)
ͷϷϢҶ˵һ
ҶĸҶҵļҶүȴŲٵһ׹˾ĹɷݣҶҶõĻԺʹһ
ţ˵нֱʡ΢΢ü
ûٶ˵ЦŽװǧԴʯĺӵݸ꿣лˣ
꿴(to)СĽչʾ˳ˡ
ҿŮ˲ǻưոݵ()ӣ֮Сĵ㡣нӴľǺȦˣ˵۹׼̲סѡ
ʲôֱ׳ʩĿǣҲǺܷеġ
Цţһעġ
ӿռóһƵݸ꿣ҵ̵Ļ()ƣ()ϱƽ
֪˻᲻Ϊղŵ(qng)Ǩŭ꿣ԻСĵΪá
()

951.951 

951 
⻤()һֵܹ߼ߵιԷ꿵鷳ؼʱܱ
ЦŽӹҾͲˣлл
Ѿƽĺô֪⻤()Ч϶á
ȡװںݸ´кöҸ㣡
ӹ뵽ռã
صլ͸ҶϢ˵˽(qng)Ҷ֮ǰҪ°ܵ(qng)˵ˡ
ҶҲ⣬ΪѣҲʼע
ﲻǼٵģܵܵľˣȥ˼ңѾϺˣȫʹ
ҶҲڵһʱȥס
һֹȥ죬һͣ䳾ʹһȥμӹż彻ˡ
岻ܸȥȥһսŰ¡
żĽѡ˵۶һҰȫ()()ܸߵľƵ꣬Ƶ궼ˣĹż֮⼸춼ס
ǽᣬ˽Ҫֳ뺯С
䳾߽Ƶ꣬ӭļt
ףҲμӽĽ᣿tЦȻ䳾Ѻõк٣
ЦŻصǰҲǲμӽģ
ûУƵǼҵĲҵүү⼸кtڼ̳˵λñȽȡ
үϣӴһЩżˡ
¸ҵ绰t
ͷã
tҪȥӴҴҵˣҲ¥
ʱѾ˲ˣˣԶžƱ졣
ǵĴŴܶ඼ʽǴװͺҲдģֻԽ١
䳾ߣҽһЩ˸ʶ
ã鷳˾ˣ
䳾Цʲôһأ
Ŵ߹ȥ˴кܸԷ
żȴע(qng)һʱ侭(r)ѣ֮츳(qng)׵ǵ۶ĺˡ
䳾ϵõĹżӵܣ̬ȶȽϺƣ˻ֳύ˼
ӴŸе̹żõĴ򿪷ʽ۾ͷϵӦֻ
ţ۾ͷϵķһ()ۡò޵ĸ˽
˵()һװӣǷҵļ
ͷųʶħٵӦַӵѪȻͬ
һȣεĽˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

952.952 

952 
ӭȥóڹżеĵλǱȽϸߵġ
ҲϸоʢոĹżܣʵŵǰ壬̻Ƿǳġ
峤ŮҵʵҪȷѷɫܹ࣬뷮Ҳʹֶεġ
ʾӹϵһ㣬ΨһŮȴȽ(i)ҲԷôݵ()ӡ
ܿһŰ׳п㣬һ˿۾Ŀ˽
ӳñȽ˹Ŀ㣬ºЦݣһֲѧںĸо
ӿ˹ȥλǽƬ
òϿֱСˣΪ()ɢźøУ׵˹İࡣ
δ¬ңҲмżӭȥƽϵ
Ȼ¬įˣ̻ڣϽҶŮ()ݣò˸߿ġ
ܿջĿ⣬ֽȷʵһóαװˡ
Ϊ()߻꣬ĸ֪ǳͬʱҲһ()ϵһܣҲ֪ΪʲôôŮϲҪԭˡ
ԼСʱĹż׷׵ִ
Ĺŵͣһɫ۵İ׷ߣߵ̨ϡ
ӭλǰμӹż彻ᣬεĽϷ֡
䳾ܣλϪԽţҲǹŵʱµΨһɣżʵ
ҲһλȽϵ¸صĹޡ
ͷţ
λȥüĿ˴һֺȻŸУ޵
߽ȫ()Ϣ˿ǲߣȴܿߣΪͣ˲ء
᳡ˣϸĸӦ£ֳԽȫߣⷮҺͬʵǰĹҲߡ
ҪǹߣҪߡ
˵ĹżȷʵǼķϢȥ
ϪŴҼЦ˵ʮһΣصԽԴΪĿģҲǴҾԭ򡣡
ϴҾž۾۽£ùͺϹأϹŷеʽԴۺͽһ죬˽Դ⣬ҲԶཻĵá
ддϰ()ȥˣ뻹Ǽʻ׵Ϊɣ԰дĺɾ׼д19ɣʱʣµһ~~~
()

953.953 ͷ

953 ͷ
Ϫ˵̨ܹ֮żǰμӹ˶ϰΪ׷˼졣
ÿνĹ緹ҲɾƵṩ͡
ҪҲҪһЩʱ䣬´ҪóԴʼҲĿꡣ
䳾μӽᣬҲҪܻܲȡһЩ췽ĲϣұȽó()һʦ
֮ó죬ҲǴǱѧġ
䳾һȦһλãûʲôҪĶ
ʵҪһЩҩģδһЩҩҩ
˾ˣԴȡֻﻻ𣿡ʡ
䳾صﻻҲԴʯףǱҾûҪˡ
ż֮ǱңԴʯǽ׻ңĽᣬټ嶼óһЩȡԴʯҩʲôĲ١
ҪûԴʯһῴʲôҩģҰͺãϱǷǳ󷽵ġ
Цлл˾ˣҴ˲Դʯģ㡣
˵Ҫμӹż彻ᣬ˼ԴʯýԼԴʯǰʮ
䳾΢Цãһˣ㲻Ҫ˼
ţַļ˶ܺãѹǻɰԵ()()ӣȫǱҳġ
ź䳾˵Ǳ߷Ҳ¶˼ֺ⡣
裬ǱŵŮ˾۸ҵҡҡŵ˵
Ůָķȥ䳾һ΢΢üͷҶ(ͦͦ)ӵġ
Ҳһֱйע磬Ȼ֪ˡ
ֻһֱΪǹż߳˵Щһȣǹŵʱµ壬̫ߡ
ô죬츳νѼľţҲһӡ
ֻȴǺǵģȻʵǿɵȴ󣬶ϵĻе鷳
ҪڷҲܳ裬ҪȥҺĲ磬ξ϶ӲϲҵĳҲ᲻
ܹڲܳǰ£ȷҼ˵λã»ǱȽӵġ
˼תתȥ㸸˵˵£ͷ
һССûżҲ۸ŮӵǲСôҲȥ
Ǹ˱ȽŮزῴŮ۸
()

954.954 Ҳǰ

954 Ҳǰ
ҲûֱָΪԼͷ
ҲôģȥҰְ֡ſ첽ߵξԱߡ
֣ұ۸ˣǸ۸ҵҲһҪҳǷҵ飿
ξں̸£Ůܹ˵⻰ü
һ򶼱Ƚϳ(i)ŮȻݲñ۸
ҲԵĳ(i)ΪʲôҪ۸㣿
Ů()ЩݣǷŮɶ£֪ģǱ˵Ŀ()ܴҪ
֪ܽʵ(qng)˵ίĵǰҿһ(to)ĹΣԭҪ͸()()ģ˭֪Ůˡ
()()ȻǽڣԭҪԼġ
ҾͶ˵˼ҪƽѷͶͷѹӣǸͷ˾ڻҽԺء
⵹ûƭξҶ类ɾϾͱȥҽԺ
ҪҶҴѹţҶİȥ鷳ˡ
⻰÷ξŵüͷŮ˵ʵǷҲ̫Ե˵㡣
ԱվŵǹҵļͰŮѣ𣿡
ǰΪʲôss츳˲ˣǹżһ㶼ûз
ΪҩǷ˵ǹżء
ͰɲɵӣԷξЦЦȻҪ(qng)İɡ
ڷĻš
ĸ屾()ǹżңô˵żӣ˵ﻹࡣ
ϣ֪ǹżΨһļ̳ˣҲ˵ִΧ˵Ļ
ǷλС㣬ƽС˵()Ӻǽݣһ۸ֵ͵ģɲ롣
ξͷֱǸˣСŮȽϵƤһԸɡ
ã׻ҸطԷͰ˵˽˹ݺܲǿϧλá
ξ͹ͰԼãŷﳯλȥ
ʶһֱͷһʱͷ˳
˾ˣҿҪҲ硣Щεѡ
䳾Ͼ˵ˣҪ¹ε(qng)жϡ
ЦŵްξǲˣСӵ֣һҪǲκϽҲǰ衣
()

955.955 ȫ

955 ȫ
ҵʵǿ㣬Ҳǳصġ
ӦǾ仰һ˲һţҵ˼Ϊ̣Ҳͬġ
Цҵǲǣ¸˾˴鷳
֪ʲôˣȷʵΪ(qng)䳾鷳Ͳ̫ˡ
䳾ЦŰڰ֣һʲô鷳鷳ġ
˵ţξŷߵǰ
ϵܣþòξ϶˿Цݡ
䳾Цֺþò
ξ£ҲԱߣȻҲμӽ᣿ôʶ𣿡
üʶˣкδͽ̣
һư̧°˵ǰҪΣѻͷѹ۸ңҷûأҽʹҰֹˡ
Цȣ(to)Ͷµģ÷ˣѲû۸㣬̫ˡ
漴򷮼ЦЦ˵֪Ҫôأ
ξû뵽ôֱ׳ԼҲ֪ԼŮһЩࡣ
׼˵䳾Цŵ䣬֣ǲЩˣȻֻһˣȴĳ
С֣֮ҪֵĻʲô˾ɡˡ
ξﲻ֪Է˼ҪΪˣʵҲû۸СֻҪ˽ʵ(qng)Ȼ
壬ȷܹҷҵ𣿡֪Ҳ緮ңҲͺ⡣
ξ˳Էǳôͳ˵ҿĸ׽ȫòˡ
ƽȻȽϳ(i)Ů(qng)ȴæŮЩû¶Ƕģദʱ䲢Ǻ̶ܶܽȥ
֪ŮЩݣŮݵҲûʲôȴû뵽ûò
һûӣֻȫޡ
ҵʵûǿȴ˿ȷҲ˽»к
Ȼ壬޵ǽóҲûʲôķţ˶óҹɷ
ҪΪСìܾͺҽԹԲġ
û뵽ֲûΪԼȥų˵ǳԼȻЩȴ߲ѡ
֣Ȼű۸ңҲˣ˵()Ϳ첽뿪һίģ
֪ԼίҪΪ䳾ԭͷŹ
()

956.956 Ǻ˰

956 Ǻ˰
ξŮûòֱ()뿪ıӰһΡ
ЩǸĿ䳾ϵܲ˼ҷ˳ˣûʲô⣬һȥ̵ܽġ
ղ˵ĻҲ÷ϣС֣֮ȻҲ֡
ֿʲô㲻˵ģСҲҪᡣ
ŮģҲ³˭˭ˣЩΡ
ַһȽǵˣȥҲȽϽ¶ĸйٵǸı˲١
Ҳʲô£ֻҪ޹Ҳ磬Ҳ⡣ЦЦ
Ȼ⽫()ΪϢɢһЩȥ÷ξܹܵ
壬һֱ֪һ£ǿ()ʳĹ㲻䡣
Ҫ㣬ŵƽȵλöԴǾ͵չ¶ӦеʵС
ξԽûзϣղ˵ǸĻҲҪǿ䳾ӡ
ɲĳԡ
ȻԭǺķξܵɢϢ
˵壬еҩУֻŵ˲࣬ûзϡ
û뵽ߣ㣬Ҫ֪ϪҲֻ˲㣬ٶЩˡ
Ҳٽŵп޶ԴλãЦʣСѽҪʲô
壬еҩУ˵óҩףҲҪ̽
ЦҪһЩҩģ˼ƿҩҲ֪ܲܽ׳ȥ
ξ˲Ȥ֪СѴʲôҩܷ¿
Ƿδ˲ҩĹ˴˶󣬵ǿԽһЦº˼֡
̬תôķξ䳾ЩĪ
ԭҪΪͷȻ֪еԭ򣬲λϱòԼѾƽˣ֮ǰҲСˡ
һһɫĴƿУ鵤֪֮Էûá
˵žͽƿ˹ȥ
ôͷӴعⷮ()أû뵽ȻˣǺ˰
ҪһȻҪóܹסԷĶ
Ȼ˵ҩ裬ʵȴܹĵҩµʿá
˲òϣҵܶȴϣܹʵ
()

957.957 Ҫһ

957 Ҫһ
Ȼϣξӹƿ򿪣ܿһɵҩƱǼ⡣
ҲһЩ̵ģôĻۣҲռһЩΪĵҩ
ֵҩʶҲûзùȴһž֪ⵤҩļֵ۵¶һĨ⡣
СҩǲǷҲҩĺ㽻㿴𣿡
ȵ罻׻ᣬϾԽź͹Ҳߣ϶ܷͬⵤҩļֵʱ˵Ҫһܽ
ôţӷǳĹԶЦ˹
Ⱥ䳾кһϵܡСѣλһɣ
䳾Цͬʱҡҡͷ⣡
ͷֹҼһֱڹעĻȽϽŹó˵ҩ
öȻҪоţֳֵ
Ц£Ȼתͷξŵʲôҩܿ𣿡
ξһǸӣѾٶȹƿˣȻ֡
ǣСѵĶҲ㿴̫
ƤɲʣСѣܿ𣿡
Ц˵Ȿ׼ҩ裬ȻԿ
⻰ЩΣСѾͷ治ǺúŪġ
ûжԱȾû˺ԼŮ󣬿ɱ˼ֱûӣ̫Զˡ
нӹƿϸţ۾һСѣܹΪĵҩ𣿡
õóҩȻҲö˼
ⵤҩܹ֮Ҳûװ֪
Ȼ绹ߣӴµġ
Ц֪СⵤҩҪôҲܸȤ
ûĿһۣ֣˽£
Ц⻰˵ģҾСѣϾֻ󵽣ǻҪ˭ļ۸ǣ
ǹҴеޣʵȽΪķһЩȻܹΪĵҩ϶Ź
ⵤҩ󣬿޵ҲߣĺôҪһġ
Ҳ֪Բ˶ʳˣȷʵܲܽɹҪ۸˭
֪СҪôȺ˵˵ɡ
δش䳾ȴЦſˣڻǽ׻ᣬȳ緹̸°ɡ
ҲóǺöˣҲȻԽſ϶ҲҪˣȻһύ׻Ὺʼ̸ʡ
ͼͼ䳾£ȴҲֻЦŴӦаɣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

958.958 Բȥ

958 Բȥ
͹û뿪ź䳾˵⻰˴˶¶ԷȻ
ŰɵԼһ˫ŮӵǱȽأŮͺ࣬ȴʮֵĻøס˼ұȼֱԶˡ
Сѣðһ䣬еĵҩҴµģԼƵģ
ûб˼Ǹоⵤҩ̺ȽŨûжõģźҪʣ͵ûʡ
ЦЦٵ˵ƵĵҩҴеľ
ĺңЩżĸ߲û˭ɵӡ
ûг϶ᱻΪǵõʲôԵӶϡ
ҾֻԼҲܽܶڱ˿ѰĶԲȥ
⻰һ͹¶˹Ȼ˵ģ
ССС;ȻƳֵȼƷʵĵҩǰ;
Цż˵Ů󣬿컹ֻء
ʵ¶ֿЦҪǲͱ˿еùͷʣˣǧ𱻳ܷ(ͦͦ)õġ
ҪЩͬ(qng)ԼֻһʵɰˣҲڹżһֵ̫
Ͼļҵ(qng)ֲʲôܣҲͱȽˡ
Ȼ˶¶ҲԵɫͬʱԭԼŮŭ䲻Ƿ˼Ҳˡ
ת˻⣬ֵ֪ҩ⣬С㻹ʲôЧĵҩأ
ЦŻصֵҩһ񵤣֮Ǵܱһֿ֮Уʱܱѵ־һʶ֮ʶֻٶȺЧû鵤ôá
۾ȻʶĵҩǹóޣҪľֵҩˡ
Сˣ֪һҪʲôҩģʵԳں
޶ʶҪܸߣǼСڼֻƿصͼޣҪʶԵʡ
ҪƵʶãǶǹ˵ֱ̫ˡ
Ҳ˵ǷҲСѳںԿ£ǾԲԿġ
ǰֻԽź棬Խó󷨣óޣǼҾǽޣûļóƵҩǶԵҩкܴ
()

959.959 ʲôģ

959 ʲôģ
ЩǳµĵҩҲһЩΪаҩĻҲҪ˷Ѻܶҩ()ЧȷõҩҲҪܶࡣ
ҪܹڵĺϵǾ̫ˡ
ûͬҲûоܾλ˵һῼǡ
Ҳöţﶼ˼Ӧóʲô
ʱһòʵ˹ڹ˵˼䡣
ף֪ˣ
Ҷӹ衣ЦŽӽֿܸŹ˵̫ԺԶһ档
Щֿɴû˭ύֻss츳ֵӣĹ֮
¶ЦݣСãʶ㣡
ٺãҲȽ΢Ц
վ()е뿪ᣬģ
С緹ٺú̸̸صǿ
Цã
뿪󣬷ȴ׼ߣҪӴ¹ϵҲú
ֻϧǸŮ޷Ϊѣ˽Թˡ
Ҫ()խ㣬ǷҺǵòʧˡ
СѣҼ֮ǰеϣ£ȥ֮һúùܽġԷȻС(i)׽㣬ûôܣ˭֪Ȼôˡ
Ц˵һֱҵĲ磬ֻҪҵ鷳Ҳ⡣
˿СѴȣŮ˱ĸ׳̫()ˣҹĲࡣ
¶һı(qng)ģ̫ҲãҲ⣬Ҳ̫Ϊ
öԷ˷˳һ죬֮óȻͻأ
⻰ʱˣСѣʲô˼
ʲôģù̫ࣿ
һ죬ڿղ֮٣˼˵ǸұȽóҽ˿⣬ܴϿѪ
ҼѪͬΪСġ
ϴűǸεЦݣҲпҿˣ÷ϡ
ҪľڷһŻɵӣԼȥ顣
ȫʾöԷġ
˵Էôһ֮ñ(qng)ԼȥãҲ㴦
ҲΪԷȫӣҪֵ˾֪̫ˡ
17~~
()

960.960 ̲ס

960 ̲ס
ղ˾˵һĽ׻ҵļͻ뿪۶ǣҪͱھõʱ
ýҲϷݡ
Է罻׻Ὺʼܲࡣ
ɫ΢䣬Ҫǻô˵ȻҪ˦˵ġ
ɻҪȻˡ
ܹƳȼƷʲĵҩ鵽ϢκĻ򲡣ҽˮƽǺܸߵġ
ֻ̫ΪŮԹ˵ڮٵĻ
˵ã÷ȷʵòòҲ̫ǵ˭أ
һ˻ɣ̲סĸࡣ
˶ЦŵҲе(qng)Ҫȥ£͹СҲٺú̸̸Σ
֪ӦǵȲҪȥˣã
()첽ȥն˼Ϣȥ顣
ߵĸŮ()ԣеɫִЦķļ򣬡ôأ
˱죬һί˵֣㲻ˣȻΪҳͷǸʲô˲ģѵɣ
ԭЩ·ξģƽǰҲ()(qng)ʱһ(i)Ůģû
ҪǲΪҳͷҾҲˣһŭ()һ㡣
ҪξֻŮ()˵㣬ȴ()еûˣȥģڷҪһȥʰԷ
վڼĽǶȿǣרŸϺȣһ㶼Ƿĵϵһ´󷽡
ɫĽַ£˳ѷ·մŵһͷָ⣬ڻڿŽᣬԱ䳾()ΪһǷҵļڷʧͳ
Ȼ۸㣬ȻŹȽһġһɰ
ĻֻЩɣȴǲŵģȻ˵ˣ֤һҲǱġ
ҸԼñӣӼŮȻǻɳš
ͻܷУԸҲҪԷѵ
ҪǷ治ŮѵмԷѡ
ʱ(qng)ޱȣŮʱ̲סﲻŮǻ᲻бĿܣ
ЦŮֵİɣְˣ϶۸ġ
()

961.961 ȷʵĴ

961 ȷʵĴ
ǸͻݵһЦݡ
ޱȵ˵Ϲһῴģİɡ
ξЦЦһֻļһͷڣһֱܷġ
һĸжż()ߣϷ޵˵Щ
ξģЩˣ˻()߸ʲôɿһţȥתһȦ
Уȥɣͻݵĵͷ
ξûȥԼһȦƽϵ˵˵
뿪û˭رע⣬Ѿһ˵š
ԼͷͷݸԷٶȼ£ûӹϵ
漴룬ֽͷ˹ȥ˵Ҳ¡
һСʱ֮ڣ֪䡣
()ΪҵļԼ⻹Ƿǳӵġ
Ȼûʲô(i)(qng)ȻԷ˷ңһֱӵ()ݶԴ
ЩֻһŮҲûгȥŪ˽ӡ
Ȼ()ˣûжԲĵط㻹ϣûбԼ
˽ӹĸͷֿװǣھȥ
ξͷȻżص
䳾һλϵˣȥһ̸߽ˣԹżȦӲ죬һֱԭλŹ֭
žƱ˹С㣬ðˣ֪ܲ᣿
û뵽ӴԼϲԵĵ㣡
ҽ£ҽнҶĹø
ĶŵЦݣȫ()ɢһ˵ĳ
ҺҶĹùһֱ֮ǰС㣬ѵһŹлһ
ϻ¶ɫһùøĸо˷УĪĻҪ˺
ԽԽԾ
ЦЦҶѾұˣÿ
漴ĵҪǽõ⣬ҲΪҶƣﲻҪиҲǡ
¶ʹļ׵ģҲû뵽ⶼĴûн̺
ΪѽϽ̵ô񶾣ȷʵĴʮͬĹֱͷ
ҪǽϵıûнĽһ((co)co)أҶҲȷʵĴ
()

962.962 Ҿ

962 Ҿ
()΢΢һȫû뵽Ȼ˵ֻԭҪ˵ĻӲı˻ȥ
ǺǣС˵ǣһֱҪֲҲ㣬ûзĴ
ɫûΣǸ˾һ϶˵
Ҫǲ֪(qng)ˣ()ܿȡ
ЦƤ(ͦͦ)ģ˺ˣɲ˵ֲֲġ˾Ǵˣ޳֮ͽҲ䲻˾ӡ
۾ƬɨɨС˵һô𣿡
ûаҶ˲£Ϊ㲻˳ۣ˵ͱȽֱˡʼһҾģ
üͷ(qng)ЩƿأôķӦأӦð
һ۾Ϳ˽ɻʲô
ζЦ˵(ͦͦ)ģϧѾϲˣԶûá
վ()̧ڱԱȣǰҾϲ˵ŮΪ(ɧɧ)꣬ȴ̲סҪ͸()ϵ(ɧɧ)ζ̫ŨѬˣˡҲˣ
żʱͷ˵Щ⣬˲²⡣
ڽӽֱӶʩչȻϻ֮Ҳ϶Լ뷨
˹Ȼ⣬ǸаޣֻǹҪȻ̫ˡ
ҲʵЩĽˣ֪ͽֺαίߣŻ(qng)԰׷̶Է
Ȼ(qng)͸¶ԷҵŵһʱܲҰֵ׵˭
ǰĹżֶȻŽ콭Ǳؼˡ
ǷµҪģȻ(qng)Ƿ淨ͷҲӦõġ
Ź֭ԥת()뿪²άֲסĽ
ƣ۾ҧгݵĵһ䡣
һʩչϻʧܣ˳
ҲԲܷŹҪǽй¶ȥ鷳ˡ
()³žƱͼ˵˼仰ȻҲ뿪һᡣ
žƱת()ն˷һϢtæ⽭ľٶ뿪Ҳ뼧t˰æ£˭Ӵ
tֻǺϵǺѣȻЩ鷳ͬˡ
()

963.963 

963 
ǼҵľƵ꣬ҪصעһˣȻġ
ĶǲμӽĹż֮ˣſԼƵȴдս𱣻ˡ
ȥ֮󣬺¥ݿһսװȥսУ()ݵ˵仰ܿ뿪ˣΧûע⵽
ȴûӿ¥ϼtɹ֮˵۾
ն˽սУò˼t
t֪Ҫʲôܾǣż塢ҶҺս϶򵥡
뻹ǽӴ˵(qng)ԼƬ
ûйԭ򣬷·ֻ˳ְһСæȴ(qng)ˡ
һ˾ԲҴӦæ
ܿ콫սУƬתʢգúòˣ˳ǽҪʲô
ս칫ڲ鿴ϣΪ¼ͷ۵ʢն죬򿪾ͿƬ漴ɫ䡣
սȻѾн߱͸ˣһʱȥˣص㶢ҡ
һУ(qng)õĽ֪ڼǺ(ɧɧ)(qng)
Ϊ⣬Ҳ˱渳һֱֳԼȥĸо
(ɧɧ)ִ񾭺͵ߡ
һ򶮵̣ԽԽŭҪӽСĥȴǴŵߣڲٹż߲֮䡣
òţʿɢòŮ˵Ŀʱʱ()ϡ
Ƶܿṩͣ䳾ϣһӼвˡ
ûΪʲôԷ˵Ļһִô϶ԭ
ȻϱǲҪʲôֻҪǴߵ(qng)Ụš
Ҹλ³԰ɡ
ã
ߵһòͣһ߷ҲյӼ׼ȷ
ͷﲻǸŮϵͷȴĸŮϵֻ˵һ㣬ǸŮ˴˶ʮñӣ˶ʮҰ֡
츳ãΪŮӲԴȥң˳ɹܵ˼һЩ˵΢ʡ
ڶԷȻǸҰ֣һ侲ԳֵķҲ侲ЩҪץ
ǱߵҲϢ³ڷҺңӴȽ϶ǹżˣҲ˽ᡣ
Ȼһͬķ˼ռͷȥҪȥ飬Ҳû
̧ɿ䳾ųԷһǱȥҲܰæ
ĸ꣬ллͶƱ~~
()

964.964 ȷ

964 ȷ
ߵǰ
һЦݿ䳾ϵܣܵС˵仰𣿡
䳾µóӦ֮ǰ˵Ӧˣ()ͷУ˵ɣ
ȻŲȥ˲Զһλ¡
²̧ͷʣ£
ɿһе˽¡
ҲȦˣ֮ǰﲻҵŮҲ˲û뵽治ǡ
Ұ˶Ұ֣ܲζ˿ףֲʱȥ飬鷳Сǹҽİ취æ˭ͬѪ
¶ֳԾģ𣿡
㿴û⣬ֻ׼ȷ()Ҫȥ֤һ˵
Ȼ鷳Сˡ
Ȼ޵Ľڳ()ָˣ㿴˭⡣
ͷã
ûĹż֮ˣֺò׼ʢȥ鿴
һȻǽˣϸĶһڵǸͷѪϵ
жǸŮֻҶ֮ǰ֪ģĻܸӦһЩǳѪϢ
ͷѪϢƣȷͬһ
÷Щ⣬ΪýĿ()С
Сȷ𣿡ʡ
صҸҿ϶()ϵѪϢͬġ
һ()ֹģ
״̲סʣСѣǲǻʲôˣʲô֮
һǾ֮һѡ
Ȼҽһμˣ(qng)ȴ֪һЩ
ҼҵŮ˽(qng)һн׵˽ӡ
ȻղңȴҷӵʣóϻԷһ١
óϻ(qng)뻹͸¶˷֪
ҲܽͨñӵĹż֮ҳҲٻˡ
ͬҲܸñһɣȻʵ֪ҪûǸ˼Էá
ױƻϲ϶ԷҲʵ
ɫѿ˼֣û뵽ģģȻˡ
һóŶöġ
̧۳ȥȻĿⲻʱڽ()ϣȻޣȴ(qng)Ĺӡ
()

965.965 1

965 1
Ǹ˾ӣڹż߲ˮġ
ֻҪϸ۲죬ܷżһʾ
ĺޣϸ۲ͷֲˡ
ԼȥˣҪûè壬ͷ
Сѣ(qng)лˣǷһ(qng)
ЦЩǿļ˵ֻǲ֪ܲܲҪ¸߱ˣ
˵ģҲȥ˵ģϾǼҵ˽¡
֪ҶҲٲ齭Ҷãкü˽Ů˵Ǳռ֤Ҫ¶ĿҶС㲻еѡ
֪ҶҲܺߣֻǴһñӣҶ()ΪӲ֪Ҫ١
Խ(())ˣȻܷŹˡ
˵ҶǱȥͨҪ֤Ҳܸһݡ
ʱ֤Ȼţ֪ͺá
ĵţ(qng)ʲôĲ֪Ҳû
˼Ҳᱣܡ
Ц˵лСѣȥ(qng)罻׻̸̸(qng)
ѾȲҪȥһ(())ˡ
е(qng)ã룡
Ҵ뿪ĸŮ߳
Ƭ̺󣬽Ҳż֮뿪붼Ƿġ
ҶæҽЩŮ˹֤ݣֻֽǸƻЩŮ֮żݽйӴ
ȻˣǲȫԷȥϾҳ󲻿
˵ǷңҶҲǶҶСý¶ĿҲԲ⹫Ķ¡
䳾ɫ糣˻(qng)ˣ
ţˮʯˣζ˵(qng)Ҳκϡ
䳾Ҳû뵽Ȼ(qng)뵽һӶΪʲô(qng)óֲʡĵŮҲ
Ц˵ֻᴦõġ
¥ϵһȥ͸⡣
˴֮󣬻ĸŮʣͽӼĽ˹ȥ
û뵽»ع⣬()һ̱ڵϡ
￴ĸ̲סļ˿һƬհףû뵽ԼȻǸҰ֡
15~~
()

966.966 

966 
һʼһԷξʵ׽ҲѪĹϵ
ܿ뵽ǣԼǷҼΨһŮԺôҫ˭᲻ȷ
Ͼĸ׿ɲʡ͵ĵƣȻҪӳǽȻӦһȷ˰ɣ
ȴʳֻﲻϵĲ²⡣
ɵ˽ѹƽ󣬷״˫Ҳˡ
һֱ߶ˣˡ
ɷξĻȴ롣
û뵽Լĸ׾͵͵ϲϵˣʱ޲ιȥ
ǵģԴӼϲúˣԵ
()Ѿ֪ˣ㻹ʲôҪ˵𣿡
ξǺģȻұ(qng)Ұս˶ʮҰ֡
ʵӦøĳӣǲ֪ȥڣŰȡôƵֻ֣ŭӴñӣҲǺˡ
ЩҿûΪ׵Եʣӷҵúô
ղŲ鵽ϣ׸˽ߵĺܽɲŶԷ֪ԹŮ(qng)
ŽѹĽҲˡ
򴽣ûʲô˵Ҳ֪ҺĹϵ(qng)ֻ֪
Ȼܽˮ
ξ߹ȥһ°ͣʲôʱ򹴴һģҽ֮ǰ֮󣿡
֮󣡡Ҳȥˣ̧ۿŷξҼ޸֮Ͳ(i)ңʱæĲڼңҲһŮˣҲҪ(i)ġ
ȻʶŮ˸е(i)Ҳ(i)
һˮ£ξŹǰɣұ֤Ժǰġ
(i)˽ҪΪҲίȫڷҺͷξ()ӭϡ
ڼȻ֪࣬˵ǾԶһˡ
ĻֻξڣɫҲ˳²Ů˾ҡ
ֻǷξô֪µأ
뵽֮ǰһΣ˲²⣬ĺһ¥
ͷŰ취Ȼξ˽ӦȷͷĸŮϵŮ˵ĻԷñӵ(qng)ܲġ
()

967.967 Ĵ

967 Ĵ
ȽѣóһŷͻȻ()ϣȻȫ()޷á
Ҫʲô
ʲôȻúóҸҴñӵζһ
漴˷Ըܴȥֱˡ
к꾫ȻôϲʹŮˣǾΪ̫࣬θ()ͬñӡ
ֻ̫ǵһξҲýù
Ǵˣ¬ҿɲ壬ҲֻǸռ̳¬Ҳãɱ()ȴһߣһаޣвԾ
ղʲôʱ򹴴ģҲҪȷһ°ˡ
ȻǻģԽ˵üֵ
ղõһϣʾйŮ˶͹żйϵ⡣
ôȥúһ˳ͬñӵ˴һкżɻľѪˡ
ԭɫ˲һ䣬ҧгݵĵ㲻ôҡ
ǵŮãҿûãҪ(())ӣֻʺϵ̫̲࣡סһŽ߷
ƽһ򶼺侲أҲֱûüֲҪˣֱеİͳ衣
ȥҿͷڰ֡
ǰסҪ˵죬Ҫš
ȴ˹ξǷһɣҹģ(qng)
ξûһѪ̲ס˦һ⣬(())ˣҪܵͷΪˣ
ҪҷҵѪô꣬˵͵͵ĽҷҵһЩش˳ȥҲҪΪԼ(qng)ۡ
һߣ֮ͻطңҪˡᷳķԸ
ҲôһδŮˣĻǶʮӡ
̫ˣ
ҪΪ(qng)ɷξ()ţǰһ˳ȥ
ͬ(qng)ķŸһʹһͬˡ
Ҫ֪(i)˶ʮŮҰ֣Ҳ֪Ҫôԡ
˲Ż˷䣬źļҲǶ(())һ顣
ЩĸŮǺܺõģԴǴԼһзֳٸ˭֪ȴֻǡ
Ѿͳȥˣ뻹ʵ֪ĸŮҪδأ
()

968.968 ׵Զ

968 ׵Զ
ξѾҪδá
ͽ͵ѶңǿҪ˳
˶ٱ˱ۣȻǸҰ־͵ɡ
ǰĶʮŷ֣ΪĸɡϾ˶ʮֱ꣬ĨɱЩ²֡
ôˣʲȥõѡҲۡ
˵˺Сؼҵ·ϣܵˡֲһ䡣
ŵͷǣ
ξһǵˣȻﷳŭɿʱˣǴӷȥ¥²μӽ׻ᡣ
¥󣬽׻ỹûʼ
̧þͼصɫѿʮ**Ѿ˴ˡ
׼תƿߣͻȻзַͷʱ¶䵽λһڵ㡣
ڵǿһϸ˿ݣ˲Ծ
ôݵĽӴΣַξһȽֱǵˣƷֻǱȽϵù̯ôһŮˡ
䳾һк˹ȥ
һ˵
ξ㶣ΪҪʶԽ˵ĴЩ̫Ͼ(qng)ѿ
Ҳѣ֪£ΪҰأӰ쵽ңϾΨһѪʸ̳м֮λ
ӲĳһǿЦݣð
ߵشǰһ䣬ξȿڣѾ˰ѽˣҲȥǡ
ʡʳΡ
¶֮ɫ治ʽģ˰ѽˣ(ͦͦ)ˬġ
̫Ǹ(qng)(ɧɧ)˵ƱȻʹࡣ
ҳ̫֮ԭĺϻҲͲˣ׵Զˡ
湻ݵģϲ
˵ĲȽ¡
£ʣȿȣС˵
֮ǰһûע⣬ɸղҷɫԣжˡ֮ǰ(qng)Ƚϴ¶ġ
ɫ˱䣬ʲôжˣ
ͷҪǲĻҰȷ¡
ҽѧϰҽʱλ϶ǿġ
ֻҪԼֱˣһ(qng)¶֪
ȻЩĵƷӵģùˡ
()

969.969 Ƕ

969 Ƕ
ξ֪Ĺҽǿûлɡ
һֵֻ˹ȥ鷳Сˣ
Ϊ˰Ƭ̺µȷʵжˡ
ʲôе𣿡ξǲǸղŽµġ
ʵⶾӦñнʮ꣬ҪǶϾõĶԪҲ𺦡
˼Ժ󶼲ˣξɫֱ˱䡣
صⶾرȽΣǳγɵģҪÿһʱӴȻȶأҲͲ
ۻһһδ󱬷Ժõ¶֮˻δüһμ˳ⶾԪӰܽ
һתͲ̫˵ˣڵĻָ
Сܽⶾ𣿡ξ侲
ҲΪʲôôͷһŮ
֮ǰΪãڲò鶼ܲµⶾ϶ǸŮ˶µġ
ɴûжԲȻ˶¶Ҫһãġ
Ҳû()ϵĶܽ⣬Ϊػڵʱ̫ˣԱȽ鷳
ҿΪһЩⶾãһʱ
ȻҲżóҽٿ
Ƕͼҡ
ϾξǼˣΪΨһѪǿȥúһ֮λġ
ξ˼Щң£Ҫúһ
Сѣ鷳һЩⶾɣ귽ҪԴʯҩĵȶܿڡҽŵģǻ˿
ǹż˶ѪӣȻϣһԼѪԶһҪ취ˡ
ҲǱ(())˺֪ΪҰ֡
ͷţȽҾȥơ
̸䣬Ϫߵ̨ϡ
Ľ׻ʽʼƲ棬ģµķѾˣ
˵һƿĴţ߽һ
˲ٵľ̨ȷʵЩǷеģ׼ҪļѾڸԷֵ̨Ϸ˶š
ϪЦ˵ڴҾԼ䣬пҪ׵Ҳ
ԽҲһľ̨˵˹ȥ
Ҳ׷ߵԼҵľ̨ûаڳļ߸ˣ߹ȥʼ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

970.970 ǲǹˣ

970 ǲǹˣ
ԶΪżȦҵĶӦ
Ҳ̫ϲξֻ䳾ˣҲûдʲôҪȥĶ
ڸҵľ̨䡣
תһȦûԵʲôҲԣЩżҲɵرõĶȻó
ܹҩĵв٣Դʯ伸ˡ
ԽҩĵļȽϸߣȴҪｻԴʯ޷
ͽһƿҩ˹ȥǿ𣿡
ũֲҩľųɶֻҩ޷
ħҲûжҩģϾִĩʱռʲô߼ҩӡ
ҪŨϺܶ࣬ôǿ߼ҩıִҪḻܶࡣ
żߴǧ꣬ݵĸ߼ҩȻҲ١
ϪλϣЦŽӹƿϷ򿴿
óҩԽŵĽҩģǱ߹ͷҲ˹
ϪеҩҩѾжϳҩ()СⵤҩԼģ
ͷţƵġ
ϪЦ˵ⵤҩҩģֻǲ֪Сѻҩ𣿡
Уóֵҩ˹ȥһֵҩѡ()Ľ
ϪȤŨչЦŵСѣǼδĸ߼ҩĲ࣬Ŀȴв٣ǿϸ̸̸ˡ
ҲЦŵǷҿĸ߼ҩҲ٣СҪȤֱȥѡ̸
Ϫչ˺λǲǹˣ
ԽŶԵҩǷǳģȻҲʦƳĵҩãҴƷʺÿҲûƵĺá
ƤĵϾͺС˵ˣ硣
ͿСֵҩˣֻϵ˵罻׻̸ŵˡ䡣
Ϫƶģ֪ҪԶʳûϷʣСѵ˼أ
ȻҶҪⵤҩҪһ̸̸
߼ҩжҪ٣ҩҲôһҩơҴһ̸Ҳоܻҩġ
˭˽ָ߼ҩģΪռȡƣҲֻó
()

971.971 Ǿһȥ

971 Ǿһȥ
ߵһ̸˼״Ҳи߲˹
ȻߣĵҩҲõģǷ׷׼˽
ͼҴ˺ṩ߼ҩģΪṩҩ
ҩ⣬廻˲ٶĲϡ
󷨺ͷ׭ĲҲһЩ涼򲻵ġ
Ҳμιż彻Ƚϴջ
Ȼĵջǰѽˡ
ĽͷԼùýⶾ䳾һ˷լ
ȥҲһϢҶ֪ᴦ(qng)
صլĵϣչûҩҩ
õҩȻΪǺܴġ
ƺúͺͷһ˶˫˫չ
󣬷Űݷãƿⶾ
⼸Ҳ˹żȽóҽ˿˿ж(qng)ϧȴûⶾеϣ()ϡ
ʱ˲ٵĸ߼ҩĹΪ˳ȥҶҰݷһˡ
ֹ˼죬ͷأ˵ʵ
ģԽʲô𣿡彫ͷеʡ
ְһ鷢ʣǲꣿ
һֻףϱôҡ
漴ɫ˼֣㲻ȥҲͲȥˡ
ȻһֱĿ꣬ڸԼһ𣬽Ҳеǻᡣ
ģĿǾһȥɡ
һȻҲȥ
ȥɣЦ˵ѧԺò治ʺǴˣսҲûս()ȥӦ(ͦͦ)˼ġ
ףֻ˼ţսӣӴĶܸ߼˵Խ˺úõһڽ
ţȱӵãǾȥμѡΰɡͷ
ѰҰ裬ȥս˵á
ã()ס˲䡣
˼Ȼˣ¥ȥԷʱҲ͸үӵˡ
үүһʾ޳ɣȻΣգȴܶˣ̫ˣȥһܷͷ(ͦͦ)õġ
ȻЩĶӺͶϱİΣȴһȽϿİְ֣аɣȻǵѡұʾ֧֣Ժʲôϵҡ
ܺͷȻҲЩõܵܣ˵İΣɻǵѡ
עȥҲʵ()ļֵ
16~~
()

972.972 û˳Ϣ

972 û˳Ϣ
ˣͷϢͱ˵¡
˵ѡԤϵˣ⼸ҲѾũס
ҩ䷽˷ȣȻͲٹˣ϶Կġ
үڻǵһսŵս˧ÿһʱͻȥսſ뿪ͷҲũ
صũΪ()壬Ĳ(qng)ҲѾõ˿ơ
̫ˣƽӵ()ݱ¶ǽٵ۹
Ҷ󼸴ĺҲѾָȬʱܵũס죬лүӵϲ
ĹùǵڶѧԺԺύѧҪȥ룬һʱͱˡ
ֻڼҵսӵѡʱ䣬ձ˵ĻаңİҲȫá
ͷѵҶӵҶĵ绰
Ҷ˵ǳԷ߰ɣ˵绰ķ塣
ԭϱᣬֻεվ()ȥϴ衣
ԷĵطԼ˼tѾҵҩŲ
˻󣬼tѾ׼ͳʱȥ̲ĳʦҩš
ΪҩŵЧȽϺãԲҲǺõҶҲǰü춨λá
ڲ̫𱬣ӵкڿĿͻûٶλãֻǰ졣
ûҪǰһϲܶѾյ˵һʷֳɣĿС
߽䣬ҶѾ档
ѾòˣǿҪӵʲô𣿡Ҷ˵˹
һһ࣬ˣ
˻ûϣҶ˵˾ƣԼȶһԼǳԷҪǱʾ¸л
һǸлСκòҲлæ˽(qng)
Ʊվ()ЦҶˡ
ǱѾϵ𣿡ʡ
ҶͷϵˣһЩ֤ݸҡ
Ҹ׽Щ֤øùÿˣʱѾˡ
֮ȥҼ˽һ棬ĽҲ׽⿪ȫͶ뵽˹С
ұһʼҲܲˣ˽Щ˽ŮԼҲĻˡ
(i)ԽѺ޵ҲԽѾ͸˽ıʣûԭ¶ԷҲһ
ͷǺ£ֻҪܴŢ߳ͺã
Ҳ˵ҶСǸ(i)Һ޵()ӡ
ҴӽǱû˳ʲôõϢʡ
Ҷص˵һ¡
()

973.973 ô

973 ô
ҶžƱߵԱߵλ¡
Ҳѹ˲٣ǸӲͷ˳̫࣬˲̶û¶˿ôżŮӹĿģԼ󵽵ʲô
ֻǱˣҶҺⱻëļҶַԹɶûʳʲô
սǱҲˣȽǣʧˡ
ʣа취𣿡
˳ֻҪһ첻ЩͲܰġ
û뵽ڷôתһ˵()ϱʲô(jn)ƣҪȥ˲֪
ڱڷҵģ
ҶҡҡͷѾתƵսˣʢǲ鵽ֻŮϵõ˺üżϢأ쵽ս
֮ڵһ׹˾()ݣսȻ棬֪ͷôͨģǰתˡ
æҵ˼⣬ʢǱҲ˼䡣
ͷѽǹͬĿ꣬ҿȥԣԼʱҾ͹ȥ
ҶЦŵãʢա
ͷһϢȥ
Ƭ̺żε˵ʢ͹ȥ˵ͼɱϲɹˡ
Уǳ극ȥɡҲ(ͦͦ)֪Ǳġ
˳ҩžֱȥսѺⷸ˵ĵط
ʢһȥͨ˺ü㰲ȫ֤ţ߽һż̨豸ķ
߽ȥͼ˫˫űסҲû֮ǰŵ緢һʮ꣬һ()ǰ֮С
˽̧̧ͷ֮бŷ˿⡣
ѾµˣԼ֮䵽ֵزֲϵ
ôܲޡ
ȴ񣬻ֵҲûãʡʡúý
ŤЦЦޣҪҽǾΰɡ
ΣЦҾжӲ
óǰƳһŵҩݸʢգι¡
ʢûԥӹҩӲ¡
Ҳʵû취ˣʲôֶζˣһǲɿڣֻϣİ취á
νĵΪʲô(ƨp)ҩҾͻ˵ˣ̫Сܹѵˡ
רŵķҩѵͲ˿Լ죬¶һôı(qng)
ÿεһҾи뵡ڣҪˣЩ(qng)ӦҪͼ~1730~~
()

974.974 д

974 д
һһ㽭û˵Ҳ֤ԼҲй¶ܵҪԭ
ߵǰЩ
ǴԱһ˫µ(to)ϣȻŵ˽ı
ʶͬʱ̽УȻʶ﷢һ(jn)ơ
(jn)ܹʶʲôĥ޷³ڡ
ܻ㹻󣬱(jn)˿Լʹ(jn)Ʊըɱá
оһʶ˵Ľ(qng)Ų涼ûзڵ(jn)ƣܷ֣Ӧòܰɡ
˵Ļ״Ļ롣
(jn)˭µģ(ͦͦ)ģѹ޷³֪Ķִĺ󱳷ſ
ɫ˲˱䣬ôܿ
һۣôͲܿˣ
ס񣬡㿴ôŲ󷨴ʦµģһܽ⿪𣿡
ͷȷʵⲻ
û취дء
˿ЦЦǻ˵ô
ѾҪΪ֯ľȻǲϣƽġ
ʢ˵ĶԻüͷʣҪȥԽŵæ
ܹвڵȻԹżҲǲģŶԷԹۡ
ЦЦǲá
ҿԴ绰һˣܽûɣʢʡ
漴һ䣬ʶ(jn)ƴԱ()ֻҪͿԼԲ֪ܲܵȵԽŵ
⻰ɫٴα˱䣬û뵽ˡ
ʢռ״ͷͨ鷳Сˡ
̫ؼˣɲʲôûڳǰ
ҲЩ˭ƽ⡣
ն˲һͨƵ绰
ܿ죬һӣͶӰϡ
ֵӣʢյ˶㶣ﲻѣƵۣ
ǧ£Ǹû뵽Ȼλ绰ˡ
ƾɨɨͷкȻĿ()ϣе䱻ɫ棬
磬æ̧ͷЦ
ƾĵʲôæ
ʶﱻһ(jn)ƣҵ⿪ʸ磬ûʲô;֪󷨷ľţ϶а취
ƾ㽫(jn)
()

975.975 Ҳ̫ǿ

975 Ҳ̫ǿ
ٴνַŵϣ(jn)Ƶ·ȫƾ
һֲõԤУҪȴû˿취
ƾ˼ݡ
Ƭ̺ڵŵ
һĽýݾȥƽ(jn)ƣҲɡ
̽뵽(jn)ϣ˵һ
ԼСʱ۾һˣ
֮ǰǽһҺģĽʱ¶ŵɫ
û뵽ٵ۹λƵֵۣز
Ϊ(jn)Ƶ˿˵ˣͬżͨ(jn)ƵԳ֣ſܽ⿪ʶ(jn)ƣնԷ˵ľȻͽ⿪ˡ
(jn)Ƶ̫ˣƵ̫֪ΪΣǺߡ
ҽ⿪ˣлл磡дЦ
ƾøˣ(qng)ҲźãʲôҪæ𣿡
ʱûˣҡҡͷ
ƾ֪ڲ˵Ǿȹˣ
ټҶϵ绰ЦЦص(jn)ƽ˵Ҳ˵˵Ҳ˵ˡ
Ƚ()һ¡
һעڣ֮ǰµĵҩЧ
ҪȴԼ޷˵ˣʱɴ۾
ڿˣʰɡԻھеʢ֡
ʢŻʵǸղƵ۳֣Ǹ(i)ģǾסˡ
Ȼ֪Ƶ˸磬ȴû뵽˹ϵõֵزһõĸо
ҪǷһֱûпڣ˵ùϵԷ()ӻô򷭴̳
ɵø̾Ҫżó󷨵˲ſܽ⿪(jn)ƣƵ۾Ȼֻֻ⿪Ҳ̫ǿˡ
Ƶ۵ĸ(qng)ãǿʢ߹̲ס
Ц˵ȻˣҸ
岻ɵ£ҲòϣС˸ȷʵ
ŸʲôȥʣȻҩЧˣʢһ¡
ʢŷӦʧЦĿ˷һۣ˸
˺棬嵱Ȼֳһ档
(ͦͦ)(ͦͦ)()ͬ˵ǵȻҲ˭Ĵ˸硣
ϱҴ˸ҲĽҲĽģɣ漴һĳʢյļ
ʢյ˲Ҫˣһ˵˵žҫˣҪģ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

976.976 

976 
ʢҪҫĳ˵ĳ嶯ߵԱߡ
˰Ἰӹϱô죿
ʢһﻹ(i)ˡ
Ƕ·Ըȥ˼
ǣ
ܿ죬Ӱʢհ£С㣬ҪôʣֱͿ𣿡
ͷţѾڵҩ()ԼаСʱҵʱ䣬ʲô˵ʵʱһҩЧҲɢõڶΡ
ֻˣһþ()ʩѹҩЧС
ʢû뵽Чҩڣֿ̧˿ʱ䣬˷ץŽʡ
ΪʲôҪôżŮӣĿʲô
Ҫ͸ż壬ǵĵ̣ҪĿռżŵʱڵй͵伮
һŤȴô޷ֹסҪ˵ĻﺧȻѡ
û뵽Ѷı£ʱЩ֪ĸо
ռ͵伮ʲôʢսѶ¼
ռ֮оѰҶõĶͻܵȼ
㱳ʲô˭
ҵϼϵǵ۶ߵϴǸҲеƿߡ滹һҲ֪˵ľ()ݣǵ֯иˡ
ˣǵĿĳռż幦͵伮⣬𣿡
УǵĿҪǿ˴ΪԶС
ʲôǿˣôһܡ
߼һôô
ƲסԼȥ壬Ʋסѿڶ罫Ϣй¶ȥȻǿ޾ӢСǰɱʧһսô϶ܺǿǱߡ
ͬȽ()ǿ޵ĳмƻ͸¶ȻɱȻͽˡ
ðǿٻϵңɴԱˡ
ðĻսʿȥǿ޵ԴٵȣЩܼ˫ìܣìܳһﵽ޸ĵز
ʢ⻰¶֮ɫû뵽ԭǺǿ޴ȥģĺֱܶʡ
Ǵʲôʱʼƻģ̲סʡ
˫ֽһҪ־ֿʩѹ֮»Ǳˣֻܿڻش
ǧˣ˵ǿʼս֯ġ
Ϣ³ɫɷ׳һƬ鷳ˣ
()

977.977 

977 ()
ڳͷ嶼𾪲ѣûϵԭǿ˽ô𣬾ġ
ʢɫزѣΪʲôҪô
ΪҪͼԴϣ߼۾һƬš
ЩϢ͸¶ȥ֪ˣĸ׺͵ָܵҪǨŭ
ʢյȴ⻰ˡ
ͼ߼úý¡ɵ˵۹߻ܲŵһļ
Ƭܴ󣬲ֻһƬ򣬻һƬӴʵȼǿƼҪ߹࣬ԱΪ߼
ûʮߵ򱻳Ϊͼ
߼ܿĺܶطˣȱԴʱ򣬾ͻԵͼӶᡣ
ͼ߼ȽԶ涴ǧǰűֵģǺȶ֮ʱߺܶ򶼻ûпûôļֵԸ߼ûֱսŹӶᣬֻһ˹Դռͻȥ
ż湦͵伮ռ֮Ҳ˸߼򡣡
ʢѹסе𺳣ǵ֯͸߼һֱϵҾԴȥ
ֻΪ涴̫ȶҪչɴһŻһΣûв룬Ҳ
ȫ()ðǵҩЧŪģȴûסȫ˵˳
ʢüʣ߼м
ֻһкܶ͵򣬿ȴֻγһ߼򡣡˵Ҳżְζ
֪߼ʱ˵һ˵ʢҪ˽ࡣ
ҡҡͷֻ֪߼ʮϵߣƼˮƽҲǺܶ࣬׼ȸ̫࣬Ҫ̫Զˣɳսźȶ涴ĺķѻȽϴͱͳˡ
Ҷ֪Ҳ͸߼ǢҵռԴ
ʢһЩ˵⣬֪Ҳشˣܲ˭ȴ֪
ζĿŽ֪Ļ(ͦͦ)࣬ڸ˵()ݲͰɣ˵Ͳǽҵˡ
ýٴŤ£ǿƲסԾ˵ʵҵĸףֻǽ()ݵĹ߰ˡ
()ݡ
1630~~
()

978.978 רص

978 רص
˼°ͼʡ
˸֣㻹ʲôûгڹ
̲סͷ˻Ȼ˵⣬Ҳĵߡ
ҧгݵ¶һһĸ׺һܵܣǶгڹߣȽ֪
Ƚ֪˭ʢպʵġ
ĸͯܵͯҪˡ
ʢ̲ס¶֮ɫ
ͯȽϳλŮҵҡƼң˵ɷʱ⣬ֻ()Ŷ
ͯһҩ˾½ҩʦû뵽ǾȻ()ݡʢѾ֪ҪԼ(qng)ˡ
Ǹ˵İˣвиҵɼġ
ͷʣʲôƣ
˲ٹ¶ԺƶǱߵĺڻҲȽչˣÿ궼Ღǵĺѧ
ʢղһ䣬ϰרЩ¶ͺڻӵѧУҲ˳ΪȽƽǻӭĴƼҡ
¶ͺڻĺӣܾûô򵥣ǿʣĸЩӲΪưɣôĿʲô
뽫˺ˣʢնѾʵòˣŮ˻ͣظʣʵȫص㣬Ա
ֻϧȴ޷ڵʶԱ(jn)Ҳˡ
ʵ飬ĸ׿ҩҵ˾ܶҩͲƷҪ**ʵ飬޵ץЧǲͬģЩСͺڻõĶ󡣡
ЩҪǹ¶ҪûжȨĺڻһȥһЩû˻ע߹ע
ֻʵ飬һá
⻰ʢպ˱˱ɫĸҲǸĺֶŮˡ
ȻΪʵ飬£һƼҵģֱ̫ˡ
һԼ̲סȰѽְܵͯʲôɫҲһȥŮ()𣿡
ݺݵĵһۣҵܵܲûУŮѶûС
ȥһҩ˾ʲôɣ˵ǸɾİƲƲ졣
һʹ࣬ܿƵ˵õһ˾䷽Լ̽͸߼ϡҩĵ·ߣȻǱ߻˽١
ʢͻȻȻ򣬡ѹֵһ׹˾͵һҩ˾͸ߵȼĹزϻᱻ٣ǿ˸ɵģԭľ֡
()

979.979 Ҫ

979 Ҫ
ò˵Ǹֶõĺܸǿ֮߼һܳɹ
ʢҲҪȥѽĳ嶯
ʲô˲һķУȻǸĶӣԼôŮ˻ȡԴҲðɡ
ۺĿⶼԼѡģҸ޹أܹ߽ݾĿ꣬Ϊʲôߣ
Ҳ²£Ȼѡ㸸ӦòֻӰɣǲǻĶӣҪɼۿ㣬ĸ׺͵ܵ棿Ц
ˣˣҪˣŮ˼ֱǸˡ
ü
㸸һмŮˣŮǺú˵˵ɣָǻܰ㽫Щͷ󻼳ȥأˡ
ܿ࣬˵أͲܣ֪()϶
Ȼ϶ûо֮ɫҸһŮˣŮһңޡ
ʢѸٵĽ˵˼Ǹû˵(i)һŮһܴĵ˾вٸҵûȥס
ô(qng)Ǻ㸸һУѧĻ񡣡̡
һΪ棬ʲôó
ʢ˼⣬õϢҲûж١
һʱͻȻ첻˵ˡ
ʢռ״
Сʱʱ䵽ˣҩЧѾˡֿ̧˿ʱ䡣
ʢȻЩźûеõ𰸣òʲôҪ(qng)ҪĶˡ
ҲȻǻ֪ͯĸӵ()ϸ()ݵȡ
ǾˣղΪѹƽ˲ٵľڸоЩƣ롣
ʢ()ǳȥ
ߵſʱӺ洫һΪһиش۵ġ
ҪŮˣʢյ˸ܴõκϢ
֪ȫй¶˳ȥʹ֡
Ҿ͵ſжıҸش۰ɡ
û()ҲӦǿˣһӹƶ˹⣬Ի((co)co)ģϵÿ죡
֣һ̲ס
ܿͱ˶죬Ҳú£ֱ˷š
1730~
()

980.980 һһֱ

980 һһֱ
ʢս͵ſڡ
С㣬ǶлˣǷĵĸл
һʼǾû뵽Ļһµ֯
ҪǼȥǲֻˣҪ鷳
ЦЦǾеæˡ
ʢտЦǰȲõһЩ֤ݺҲĸ߲͸¶һ֯
С㣬֪ǸѶҩ裬߻𣿡ʡ
صûˣǰƳģҩıȽңûоѹϵĻ޷ҩЧ
ûкʢգֻҩ裬ûľѹƣпԡ
ʢտóģУûжľˣ
治սҸоʺϡ̲סʡ
׿츳ʵ侲ǾͺʺսֵĹ
Цҡҡͷʱˣ
ðɣ뷨ʱϵҡʢЩź
ţٻᣡ
ͷųȥ
·ڵȥһǰɣСɩϢ˵ǱѾҩѾȫˡ
Ҫȥħٷҩ𵽴á
ȥæһÿάת󷨡
һ߿һߵͷã
㽫(qng)׵ҲҪȥˡ
һֱ֮ɫû뵽Ǹ˱ЩϵǸνĸ߼Ҳ֪ôġ
ͷҲ(ͦͦ)ġ
ʢղûжǱҲǽ͸¶ŵùˣʷ壬Ҳ֪ʲô˵
֮ǰ߼ʱʢյķӦЩӡ
ͷҲôģýүүҪؼңǾͻһլɡ
ţͷȻֱ϶취ġļ
оóԼҷѹ
ü۴ЦֻҪţҾʲôˣ
Ȼ֪ʱڣϵĵˡ
ָ⻮Ŀģһһֱģ
ճһֻֽ֣оĴ¶ȣҲůůġ
ûлũֱȥլ廹ֺ綼Ϣ°լҪ(qng)Ҫ˵
˺ٿô֣أ°׷׻լһ˳ȥүӵ鷿
()

981.981 ׼

981 ׼
鷿ù()ܸߡ
үº󣬿ʣʲô(qng)ôأ
û콭й(qng)˵һ顣
үӺͷɫ˱䣬ֵͬ𾪡
״үˣүү֣ǲ֪߼򣿡
үӻص˵ĴڣΪûҵͨĳ涴Բûôġ
̾˿˵ҪĻܲһļи߼ļ򵥽ܣǼǰһλʮǿߴġ
Ҳֻˣһұռ籩оĸ߼ɴкѾˣͨɴϷŵһЩġ
ҷɴ˻ЩƼǶ޷ƽա
Ӽ֮ǰǵһЩȽµķɴжҲкĽԴҲԿ߼ĿƼˮƽٰꡣ
߼ǿսű()ߵʵǵĿƼô꣬ʵҲһֱѰҳ涴
Էǿ߶һҪѧϰ̬ȣֻû뵽ԷȻϲӶᣬ˵Ǹ鷳
Ⱦ⣬û뵽Ȼһܹ͸߼磬Ϊṩ˲ٵԴһ÷С
ͱίѰҳ涴͸߼񡣡
ν¶(qng)ҪսǱ߿϶صӦҲܽӴΪԼĶӺͶϱῼ˲
Ҳ²߽񣬻صھʹˣҪüΣյ׼һ
˵()Ϊһսŵļ̳ˣάİȫѾ׼
Ҳ׼ҶǸ߼(ͦͦ)ȤģȥҲס֡
˵ģӺοԼҶ˸ϱӦǾ(qng)ĸ
үӽŽսһЩ߽壬ȥҪʱá
ڶ죬ŷɴȥǡ
˼ͷұǡ
ڳϣ͸⿴ű仯ȽϴǣЦ˵˼˼ʱˣ
˼ȥ֮ǰſ˲٣࣬Һϲһĸı䣬Һгɾͺء
ллԼĻᡣ
ŷұ˼֮ȽǢգε˳˼ݵˡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

982.982 ˭

982 ˭
ڳҩ⣬˲ٵס
˼רΪͷһ(to)ԺӣʻֲõҲȽ¡
Ҳ֪ϲʲôԺӣŪˡ
Ц˵(ͦͦ)õģҺϲ
ιԺӣԺһŴʯ¡
˼ռһЩڼϵҩģҰһҩ࣬ÿ˯ǰϣʮϵ˺۾ͿȬʧˡ
˼ɴ۾̲סԼ˼ϵ˺ۿԳȥ
Ҷ˱ȽϺݣڻĵĨһҩֻҪ()޷ϣҲûȥݻ޸
Щ(r)ұ׺׷Ķģɶһ޸ԼǸ
Ϊ˰֮ǰ()˻ָ(qng)ܺãȻҲָܻ
ҵҩõݻָҩͬ϶ָûлǰģЦŰ
˼Ȧ죬Ҳǲ㣬ֻЩžȻָܻһ졣
ҽЩ˿һҲһյš
û취˭ءЦ
˼Щ˼۾˵ǰ
Ͻҩ㣡ղΪ˼ȸ()Ļָ(qng)ҲҪ()ҩ࣬Чܴﵽѡ
Ҳȷʵȥμӹż彻ᣬռ˲ٸ߼ҩģЩղҩĲϡ
˼֣û£ĵҲ
һᣬնյһϢһϲ󷨣ʿıʺֲǣҪǿʲô֮ģþȣ
˼˼С磬Ҳ鷳Ǻɻ˵һ
˼˵ͷû⣡
һ뿪ˣԷҸ쵽ˣ
û뵽˸ٶȾȻô죬һȥӣ
ѾĶλȥֱӹ
վ()Ц˵þûгĲˣȥ׼ҪˣʹԺ
ЩᣬС˸绹ӣȴЦݣģһúýӴġ
Ƚ̬ȣת()ȥ˳ڿռʳó׼ϲʲôˣ
()

983.983 Ϊʲôܣ

983 Ϊʲôܣ
ԼСʱһС͸߼ɴͣԺĿյϡ
ƾһ·ɴͿ˴(r)(qng)Цӭķ塣
ˣڳˣҴȥȻᣬȴ֪СԼϱλã֪ôŻˡ
ƾ˳ۣС÷÷Ҫúܶࡣ
ţ߰ɣ
ֱӴƾȥ˲ѾƮһζ
ϵΧߵſڣﾡůůЦ⣬磬ϲԵĲˣϾͺˣȺͷĻ졣
ƾĿȾϳһЦݣãҲĲˡ
ͷ
֮ǰ˵ѽ(qng)ߴ˸磬֮Ҳϣ˵ˡ
ƾ()Ϊٵ۹ȨߣȻ֪߼ڵģҲû뵽һʲô
˱Ҫ٣ҲҪȫƿ߼óӶᣬƬͽһֱΣ֮С
ƾ̧ۿŷʣʲô𣿡
ҺҪս꣬Ȼϸȥ֯(qng)Ҫڳʵ˵
ƾͷѧԺǵôȥҲã
Լõʵͱ
˵ţ˲ˣ
˽µʱǽзƽֱӺ֡
Ц()𣬡ˣ
ŷĶ˲ˣҲȽƾе֮ɫŨ
ֻƾϲĲˣҲ˷ϲԵĲˣĳǹζɢȥ
극ȥ˿һ衣
һȥС磬ÿռó˵
ʧıӰƾЦ˵СӴʶȤóġ
Ҫǻ磬ǿ϶Ҫ诣ôʶȤóռ˵÷÷֮ĲǴġ
ЦţҺܺã
磬Ѿ˵˸߼(qng)˵᲻Ƭ򣿻ĵͼ򡣡Ƭ򣬲һϢûС
ƾ׵Ҳ˵ġ
ϸĲƬûаĺۼ֮ǰҾͻǿڸ߼ͼ򲻿ڡ
ʣΪʲôͼ򣿡
ԼҴһƶģǺ档
()

984.984 

984 
ƾóõʣЦŽ
ֳȻʧȥ˼䣬¶Ĳȴ룬()ȻߣʵȴǿյĺڿƼҲǳǰҸоеĶĿƼ߼
Դӽ֮󣬻뵱չ¶ϢʵȷӦʮһߣͼΪͷƣ޷ͻʮ
ҲҲô϶Ҳ磬ôʮ**ڸ߼򡣡
⣬ӦþԸ߼򣬱ռ籩﴿⡣
ȻҲпʧ֮ȥĵطֻҾðִظ߼Ŀ()󡣡
Ըĸ˽ûи࣬ͬ磬ǲȥ߼򿴿ܲҵ裿
ʮֳ(i)Ҫҵǵġ
ƾÿЦ˵ңǾȥҰɡ
֮ǰٵ۹Ҳֻкܼ򵥵ĸ߼ܣȴûг涴λúǰķǴӽʳϢҪÿԽǸˣҵǰ߼ķ
һתҲǵҽŲ;żߺѾо編(jn)֮ǵʮ֮ȷʵ޷ˡ
۴ĸ濴ǰ߼ǱҪߵ·һỤòٷֿˡ
ͷڵĿͨ߼ĳ涴ͷ
ҲҪһԭ
磬ٵ۹ĻʵۣҪ뿪𣿡ͻȻ뵽һ⡣
ƾصĵĻӣҶһǱȽʺֿɿĵܵܣʱٵ۹̯Ӷͺˡ
ұҲͲԭƾҶ֪̽߼Ȥȵʵ۴ˡ
ƾ¶һЩ֮ɫܲµʲô߼ϲӶᣬƬڷչԽԽ죬ܹΪʵ()ΪǵӶĶ󡣡
˭Ϊӹÿ궼ҪԴǿƱҪ
Էôǿôأ취ֻһ߼˲ţȥѧϰԷĿƼԼͼͻʮƣٻ֧Ԯ
ǰЩܻòҲڸ߼ͿԽƬΣͷ()Ϊս񣬱()ֵΣʮ**ܽģ㲻õġ
17~~~
()

985.985 ˸

985 ˸
Ÿķúе
Ҳ֮ǰ߼ûսŴԽ涴ҪΪǧǰܶûп
ǿ˿˺ܶԴǺֲǲ٣ѾȽϷʿԴס
ָʲôʱ߼սֱӶˡ
Ҫɳȥ˵ɽѾ۹Ȩߣ뿪𣿡֪Ѿȫˡ
Ҫǰ߼ѰҰѰͻƣӦǻҪһȥģʱѲɻֿ
ƾЦͷ㲻õģ֪֮ǰͰһλ׽ĻӣȨӦǷŵÿġ
۹Ļʵۣܵʮ޷پҿҲǱչص()ӣȥߵ(())ȻкܴգȴҲ޵ĻͿܡ
ʱȥ̸̸ҪŲ۹ȨǾͲˡ
Ц棬Ҫˣÿء
÷򲢲ǺⰡҲΪϲǿܡ
Ǿްɣֻ˵û۹⡣ƾЦ
˽Ҫ(qng)̸꣬ƾ߰ɣȥ㲼󷨡
ãվ()˳ȥ
ƾ֮ǰڷɴѾϸĹ۲ǣҵõλá
ŷɴֱӹȥȻó׼õ߿ʼá
ӳԴʯܿǻζ˼룬һĹâˢˢĳ¡
ϸɻϢˣ׷̧߳ͷĻѤã̲סһֿտ֮С
Ǹǽ뵽һ˵ĸоУʱҪһ˵ֱͻˡ
ұŽǣһ𺳣ȫǣ󷨵Ҳδ̫ˡ
ղŶ˶򣬸оŵƿɶܿͻˡ
Լȫ䣬Ȼ()ѭҲҲʺֲ档
Ĵֱʣʵ벻˭
Ҫ˭ı£֪ҪٿǺͷ
巢ٴСԼС˸磬ֻһ뷨˸䣡
һģҲвСġ
˶˵֮ĸı϶ᱻ˹עʱҪ鷳Сæˡ
()

986.986 ôҲܷŹ

986 ôҲܷŹ
ҪȥսӣҪǱ˶ϣûʱ
ұЦŵͷû⣬Ұɡ
ȻǷҵȽϽܳãҪػһǻûġ
Ѥգ۾Ҳ磬󷨵ȼҲͻ˰
ţŲ󣬼ĲϸϣҾͻˣƾҲ̧ͷա
ǰڵִĩʱٵĿԴҲݽߣţɵʱΪҲֻ߲㡣
ΪߵҲŲ㣬ֻ˼ϼһֻǴ˵еĴڡ
ͲͬˣŨԴҲȽϷḻ()츳ΪԭĻĺãҲܷɿ졣
۵ĿԼҸ磬Ȼߵﶼġ
ǰٶȺ󷨷棬綼ľ콾ױ˼Һ֡
ͬУԶǶ(ɧɧ)ܽ˦֡
ƾóݵЦҲء
ܹ֮ô죬ҲΪһǾǸ(yn)κ۸ǣԱ˸һݺˮͻḶʮ֡
˵ʲôûҪ
磬Խ𣿡
ݽ˵֮Ժǿ˽ôĳԹǸ˹ģҾϢҲӦ͸¶Ǳ֪
ǿ˿϶Ҳи˵ӣôҲܷŹˡ
ƾЦ˵ѾԽͻǿˣǵϵһת֪ġ
ϴǿǱ߳һͨɱԽȥȡˡ
Ҳ˺ǿ˽˴˼ֱϵʽ
ǿǱ߾Ϳˣеǰǻһ¶ȽϺá
һͬĵðǿ֮ҲþͲܺϾԭĳ޶Ǳġ
˵ĵ˲һԳΪѣΪ˹ͬԵһϣġ
ǿ˵һޱȣ֪϶ʲġ
ƾ׵ţ˽˵(qng)֪߲һǿǣߣܴܲʱĶԵк
Ÿһܸ㶨ġԼҸҲһš
()

987.987 Ī

987 Ī
󷨺ƾ뿪ǡ
֪˸˵(qng)Ҫȥúò£ٵ۹Щ˵˶ڳ
ƾ뿪Ժӣʼҩ
ڶ죬ҩཻ˼
꣬ϵ˺۾ȫ޸
ʹãܹļϸй()ҲͿÿϴá
˼ӹҩ࣬лл㣬Ҷ֪Ҫôмˡ
Ϸʵ㶼Ҫ޸СģʱҼ޸壬Ҳһˣʲô
˼˺죬ӵţ
ұ״Ͷȥ˸мɫ
ħٵķֵҩֶ˼ռһЩֲҩĵ֪ʶͺͷ뿪ǡ
ص۶Ǻĵڶ죬Ϊƣͽ˵ݻá
÷ݻĿ궾͸˹ȥ
߽ݻŲ豭Ц£
ݻվ()Ķӣ
߹ȥ£ֱӽɣڲǿˣ粻Ķˡ
ô˵Ҳͬ飬㲻þʲô¾ֱ˵ɡݻӡǱȽϲġ
ݻ£Цŵ˼ҽʣũ𣿡
Щ⣬Ǳݼˣ
ũҪ
ݻͷǰϴڿֱʱҽ¶˺ĿǾҶֱӽҳˡ
ڿ˽ǰ⽫ڵѧԺѧֱˣҲûתУҰݼңȴŹңһֱͣȥҵסҲ磬߸ҵҲ磬Ǵ˲Сš
ʵû취뵽̬ݼҴѹԭһμӿ˵ļ⣬ǰõ˶侮ʯġ
ҲͶ·˲ҲΪıʵǿݼҲǣҲ¸鷳
ڿ˵ʱͱȽϿݻĵ֮ǰôأ˭֪ˡ
˵ѧԺѧҪתУĻҿ÷
СǵڶѧԺУҪ㶨Ǽ򵥵ġ
ݻҡҡͷˣڶ˵ѧԺѧϰôҸϲĻǵ㣬ҪҸĻúⷽ档
漴о⣬һҪⷽݼңĪ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

988.988 ͿҪҪ

988 ͿҪҪ
ģȽͬ뷨
ݼ(qng)ȷʵܶģȫҪϾɱ
Ц˵¾°ɣ׼һһױƷ˾͹˰ɡ
ݻɴ۾ŵʣҰܻױƷ˾
ǰҲ׼ѧԺϿˣҺͷҪȥսԸעõĻױƷ˾ûʱ;ܣҾ㻹(ͦͦ)ʵġʵ
ݻЩЩ֪룬Ҳûо飬Ҳеġ
ûȥһһְҵۣ͹оƷһɡ
Ҳƶ߶˵ĻױƷƷصˮģױƷҲˬΪˮԼŵ䡣
ЩҪģҲԿŰţҾǻǺǱģҲá
ҵ뷨ǲ߶˵ĲƷԵȺǴڣȻ۵ʽϣ֮ǰС֣㲻
ֲһ䣬ڶԭòģԵƷƵͷ߽ܿŷǺͶʹֲʱרһŹֻױƷ˾ĵԭϣȼ˳ɱҲܱ֤
ȻҪݼңǾҪԼУͷʼѰҾ飬ͿĻҪҪˣζ˵
ݻһ˵ĸмᶨĵͷҪҪġ
ôңҲһŬʧ
һתȻ츳Ҳм䷽Ǿ黹Ǽ٣ױƷ˾ǵһЩ˲
֪ԼĲܺãױƷͻƷм(to)䷽ʱͶо¾ͻˡ
˶٣˲ҪңҲҪ磬һὫȥһλȽĵʦѧϰúðջᡣ
עûױƷ˾˵ģʶһλܳĵʦ԰ѧϰ
ԵһȤŨҲûʱ侫ȥĻøݻɡ
ݻ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣû뵽͹ȣһôκԼһѡ
лл㣬һʧġһ¶Ҫ
ӿռｫ֮ǰĹ˾ƻݸũס°ɣʲôĶң֮˾ͽְҵˡ
ݻ֣صĽӹļã
ΪסæϵλʦݻȥǱѧϰ
()

989.989 

989 
ݻũȵס£Ͷ뵽ֹѧϰУ˲״̬ˣʶоһˣĳࡣ
ݼ֪ҪڵĵλԼǿıǸҲ磬ֻҪһ֡
ϧȻױƷ˾Ƕûҵᣬ¸ӡ
ʳƷ˾ǱҲѾҵȥֱ̣ȥ˳һרũ꣬ŵ
ʳƷ˾ʳƷܴͬҵϲŵϳÿ춼ܹһգȥˣƷЧӦҲͳˡ
ױƷҲ׼ŵƽ·ߣŵʱⲻ
ƾԼͨһֱũȽļ˷ֱ˳ȥš
򿪻ĵĹˣͨүӡлүӺͶƸ˲ٵʿвмʿЩ˱ȽθУҲȽ棬ǱȽϲõġ
ҲΪսԽԽá
һζʮȥͷϵ(qng)ˣİҲȫָ
ũһζͣҵ˺()()ùáСȾһβ͡
ڶ죬ͷṳ̋ǰսսӻصķɴ
ҪǰʵƤϣеĵֱֻӲμѡο˵ģоʮ˲μӣ֮ǰͨѡġ
һѡ˽̭꣬ıǱȽϴģر˶ǸսѡľӢ
ЦЦĿˣҲǶȽϰƻжս˻᲻رǻռԭѻսѵǿɱɣúӦԡ
ü֮ǰûȥμӲѡΣҲ˼ɣ
ֻںϲѡοʲôгͻìܣȻſϷ
ҪȥμһʼĿˣͨأȴŪ߹ϵսǹް
սﾫӢеľӢǱȽ˽ģɲ츳Σǲϲߺſսˡ
Ц㻹ҶȽϺÿҪѡο̫ˣʲô˼أԼ⡣
ҿǣǿɱʧķ壬һǿǣΪǺãΪһӵģ
ǱһˣͻȻˣҲҪںȻһӵĻˮ
17~~
()

990.990 ͷ㵽װɣ

990 ͷ㵽װɣ
ɴִأ˳ȥ
ʱ⼸ҷɴҲ½䡣
ͽ֮ǰεļ˹Ҳӷɴ߿첽
ǵ()󻹸ԸһˣһսװѪա
ͷڻˣ˺һģ
֮ǰΪӰύӵ룬ԱʧȥĹһ
ƾ˵Ȭˣص꣬ԭ϶Ա̲סҸˡ
Ҳ¶˼ֿЦݣļˣǰһˣ
ҲˣǴλӢ¶Աͷ塣
λ˹֪ģЦŵţܼʱǵѪҺӭӭ
źĶͬͨ㿼μѡεˣ˵ĻЩ
ⶼûѡأ߹ϵ˭֪ǻ᲻ΪѪҺˡ
ǰҳλ츳ʵǿҪȴҪʣҪɲͬҲԼǡ
ѵֱڶҲ̫ƽ˰ɣ
ҵıԹȻ󣬿ڳĶߣܺ
һͷߣĺһ͹ޣһƯ
СۣЦ˵λֻΪɼͻƸͨ²㿼ֱμѡΣڶģһƽǿԷġ
İʱǾսͬԼˣǳ̼ģһʱ⡣
Լ϶ԱȴȥϢᣬ쿪ʼʽѡΡ
ǣ˵ͷȻѡαȽϤ
ֻܵʮˣÿ궼޷ٲμӣ˻뿪˵ĿѪҺ
⼸궼ϣˡ
Ŷͷ߰ɣҴȥס
⻰׵ڳһЩۺͲˬƾʲô͵õϴԴ̫ƽˡ
ЩսųľӢǶǲ()ӣֻȭͷʵ۷ĶǸơ
ͷһۣûж˵ʲôֱűһһԽҰ
ޱĺô㣬ҪҲûȤȻ棬Ǿͷ㵽װɣ
һĿˣûעʱ䣬Ҳһźд﷢¸Ĵ()ģ~~Ҽȥд1830ôô~~
()

991.991 ᲻᲻̫ã

991 ᲻᲻̫ã
˳󣬱ڸʻλãһֻֿڴߣɢ
ĺʣӣôֵģһ䣿
صǩĸһ䡣
漴תͷЦЦĿôͷסһ䣿ɲУŮҪֿġ
ˣȻҪҲҵû뷨ȻôĶԴǣǲ͸Ƿɡ
㶼ôչˣչ˵Ҳûʲôζǿûܼٳء
Ѿô࣬ҲںˣΪԼȡ㸣
ĸסһ䣬ҩԡ㡣
ü᲻᲻̫ã
ͬüʲôõģŸʾǵõ˱Ƚչˣ˭ǿսء
ԡսҧء
һҭڳͷҵԼˣ
аɣȻ㶼ôҪˣôòչأҾ͸ŵ䣬ʱɱҡ
ЦҪңҲӦƽ㣬ʲôϵأܵˡ
˳ǣҲǸ֥ݵġ
ֱЦĺΪڿӣϱͲỹˣ
⿪϶ԱǵһμԱͷҭסģôŵҪǺ
ͷԱ̲סЦ
ЦÿЦʲôЦղû(qng)𣿡
㿼ѡУ˼ĳɼǰģһֱſϷ
˸ۣͱko˺𣿡
ĳɼܺã(qng)мۺ죬뻹(ͦͦ)˼ġ°͡
ߣˣ
˼ôʶȤ뿪ûвκϵؼҵĸУ㻹Ƚ͵ġ
Ȼ˼У׷ϱȻԺһսĶѣҲúͶԷƽϡ
ֱǲ´()ӣӣ(qng)м᲻ۺ죬Ż̫ȥҸŮѰɡ
˺ڣʲôлϣһ𣿡
Ҳʮ꣬㣬Ƿ绪ïʱء
𣿵ҲŮˣʡĽ(i)()ҪԹġʱ(ͦͦ)ġ
Ҳ˵ˣ˵תͷ治׼˵ˣŮж
ܿ촫˷ЦñˣεѡѶӡ
()

992.992 ֻǿӦ

992 ֻǿӦ
˻֪Ϊͷ壬ǵѡѶˡ
ʱʮ˸˼һսϣλöûУȫųվ泵ҡҡλΡ
ͷô˼һȴеԽҰȥ
˺ͱӹϵǳ
СϢ˵֮ǰȥũסһʱأϵ϶
û뵽һƵıӣȻҲô˽һ档
˷׷ױԹĲƽҲ˼ֲ
ͻȻųĬİ˼սͷ岻ͷ(qng)μʲô뷨
˼Ŀ˶Էһۣûʲô뷨ȻñŴǾ˵й֮˵Ựڽѡɡ
˵֮Ŀ˴棬һ˵ģ
ԭ˵ҭҭҲЩΡ
˵㻰ˣҲټ
һ·ĬվһСʱҡŽѵء
ʮֵأһطΧ⼸׵ķΧеźŶΡ
ҷԼնźҲˣ֮̽ĸǲʹãҪҵĻزס
˭뵽ĻػڷɴͣվһСʱһɽȥģǳǿͼǲס
ˣȫǰ濼϶Ա
˷׷³ԼİźöӸ϶Ա˻ء
沢ûʿأɴȴоһΣյϢ϶ֱ()ɱ߼ߵԴ
طΪüطֻнطȨ±ᡢʳúѵ
ߵ±ſڣ϶ԱжһЩǩԺĸһᣬǳǩźѣ
ǣҰŶӵ˳ǰȥǩ˺ŮǷֿġ
տʼҾͼͷ壬ӲԶ᷿˳
ӵһսľӢһԷϾô˵Ҳǵһսŵļ̳ˣҲý
սʼǩˣǿɡһ˿ں
ɨɨŵĵһսսװЦŵˣǵѾˣ
Һһһ䣬ԭҲһǩģɱӷҪǷֵ䣬ƴǲˣֻǿӦˣпտ档年ֵ˭ᰡҲȫ()
ڳųǩ˿ŇNɪ̲סˡ
()

993.993 ڴǵı

993 ڴǵı
ڳ˶ԱҲһȻҪ˷ֵ䣬Ҳ̫Դˣǻôģ
ĻҲӲԶ߹ıˡ
Ų˵СԹЩʲôʱҪǷֵˣⲻҪ
һҲڿء
϶ԱҲЩ£ξȻֱӷ˹Ǵûйġ
ȻȴȥʱܱΪ޺꣬ɼжڶݡ
ýͣȽϿصȷʵҲͷ壬ô̼Щһ
ǩֺ֮Һ˵˵ļƻһģ
˿ɲУͷǣ֪һֶΣһԴǣ
ѹĲˬһǰǩܶϤսѶֿˣôζ
ʮһоʮ˺Ůˡ
Ůһɡ
϶Աͷǣ
ȫ꣬˵ǵһھǷɰɡ
ǵѡʱΪ꣬ǰ½иܡʵսѵʱ򽫽һοˣͳͳ̭
ȥǵ϶Աǳͬпˣص̭
»ɸ񣬵ʱû϶ԱȥԼ겻ɵ̭
ҪСҸղ˵׶ΣȻǴսżӪѡľӢӦ˽ѵ
겻˭ܽģλѡγɼǰˣǿԻල;ȴ(yn)˽°(qng)
ĿܵȴһֱУҪȥһֲҪ̭׿սأòҪȥս
ˣ֮ǵնƽᱻΣÿܵϻῪš
(qng)ȥ(yn)κιڻصֺͼƬλʲôĸ(yn)ѹﴦ
ǣսսżӪѾϰˡ
ʳÿ硢Сʱţ׼ʱȥԣҪǳʱǾͶӣΪǵѵܴʳķԭʳģӪǴõġ
ӪڻǲᳫԵģΪ޷ĵܡ
ˣҲϻˣȥϢɣ㵽ߵԼȥʳóԷϻ֯ѵ
ҶǾѡεģҲǿ̫ء
ͷ壬Ȼû˷ʱȥ֮ǰѡΣھҪԼȥӦˣڴǵı֡
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

994.994 ̫

994 ̫
˵ʹЩ϶Ա뿪ڳһҲԼеķűŰס
ͷҲת()Լķ䣬ӭĽʵĿ⣬Ͼ˭뵥סһ䰡
صӿռóһЩ£Ȼ˯һ
Էʱһͷһȥʳá
ʳſһ϶Ավſڣһ˷һרնˡ
ѵʱնˣԺ򷹡ѵء֪ͨ˴֮ϵҪõҲ(yn)κιѵͻصݳȥ
ǣһŶն·߽ʳá
ǰʮشȽϲĲˣζҲ(ͦͦ)㣬նˢһΣԼӰշ
ŶӴ֮ûг϶ԱҲ½˽
±¿ԣһ۶ܺá
ʳõĲ˱ڵ۶ԭԵζá
ӪҲ(ͦͦ)õģǲһ֮ǰսŻʳúܶࡣ
ǰӪǹģζĺá
Ĳˣоζȷʵ(ͦͦ)ģҪϼtǼˮƽˡ
϶Աǵ̸ЦʳȷʵǾ֪ˣ֤ǵ()ش䡣
ϣǻ˵Ļ
±ǣúϧһٰɡ
ǿдֻԼһ̫˵Ŀǡ
±ǶʱһֲõԤС
˼ǵĻʳͲ𣿡˿϶Աʡ
϶ԱǷ׷Цҡͷ˵֪ˣ
ԷĻʳǸӡ
ĵͷʮ**ǡ
ͷҲûǺܿ()˯þָõ״̬
˲ٶĵ˯
ڶϣ컹δҴ̶쳹±ķ䡣
ʮڸϵѵϣű֡
۾ٶϴ꣬žͺͷϣ˿첽ѵȥ
ܹѡζǸսŵľӢɲѧԺôʮ˶ѵ
һ()սװǰ쿪ʼʽѡεĵһڣҪǵ()塢ʵսиּս
ָָԶĶѷŵİ˵ÿ˱һһٹ
˶ǾӢԿθʲôûҪϣֱͰɡ
⻰֪Ϊʲôڳ±Ƕúе㷢
18~
()

995.995 ҪҪôݣ

995 ҪҪôݣ
ôģҷ׷ǰһ
һŷְصףȥоǳôҶߣ()ҲaҪһٹﲢѡ
ȴ֪Ȼ˵Ҫֱͣǿ϶ôɵġ
Ȼ϶ԱĴ£뿪سһɽȥ
ճأÿ˴ŵն˾Ȼһ(jn)洫˶ǵ޷ˡ
ô£˾ʡ
ͷ϶ԱЦȻҪһЩѵȻܶܣժն´Ͼָܻˡ
ڼ䲻(yn)ժ£۴
һ˳˳ǣҪҪôݣ
ҪīϿϣһԽҰӺ濪ųıеĿǺ
һֻܱŰԽҰܣ޷ʹãܺ;Ҳܵ˲ٵơ
һʼӦɰﲻ֪װʲôԽԽأԽԽѾ
֮ǰһһٹӦ㲻ʲôͣȴһġ
ͷ嶼()ҲȽϸߣ֮ϢıȽϺãһֱ־ٸţɺˮǽ·ȫʪ
һңҲĸоΪķڲϵӣɻǱǸٶȡ
(qng)õ㣬Ҳоͬ׷ԽҰ
΢˽ĺǰ˾رǳŮʱ˵β
״ڵѡһǼųʣµ·̣һԭϢʮٸϡ
һ֣ھŵ֮ǰϵյ㣬ϾͱԷˡ
ڳ˻࿴˿˶ѡϢʮӣҪˡ
ĵĿʣҪҪϢ
ϢˣܾһӣһϢŵǸtˣһۡһһҡͷ
ţҲôģҲŲźĺôϢ
ţϢǴˣҹƽûԵˡЦ
ûͣԽҰܣͬѡĻа˼ԼбһŮ
ųֿŵı۵¶֮ɫѡԽҰܵ˶֮ǰȽϿصģҲѡˡ
·ͷ嶼۲ˣԽԽأо˫ѾľЩȫǿ֧š
()

996.996 ̼

996 ̼
˼Ҳ֧ͬţ˵ӣܸĵߡ
Ψһ־׷ԽҰֻܵ塢˼һȥȽҰ()ߴӡ
ִյʱ˶Ǵˮ̳һԽҰϵĴüͽŶѾԼˡ
ѹֺĺ˵ͣȷʵݡ
ʮʱѾо()ļ޵ˣ߷()ӣӲҧ
ִյͻļޣˬ˼֡
Ҳǲĸܡ
ƿˮݸˣǱֵĻ֣
漴ֿ̧˿ʱ䣬ʱ仹ʮ˷ӣȥԱϢɡ
ã˽ӹˮߵԱߵϢ˲и
˲²û֮ǰܵ˶ڹ涨ʱִŮǲʱ䵽ģһΪ͸֧˹ȥҲˡ
ѡϢһȫʱִ˳һСʱȥ״̬ܲһǱ˪˵ӡ
ڳԷȻϢһСʱǼܻػء϶Աͷ
һտԽҰ˳˼İͷ±ǹԡ
Ļˣ()˵ĴͷһθڶûУ߾Ǿƣ붯ġ
Աŵķ壬߰ɣԱ˲ܻȥ
ǰҲսѵȴûоô˵ġ
վ()˶첲ȣĺ治Ǹ
ϴϴ֣߹ȥ𼸸ͷеˮͿ
˼ߴҲ()ͬѡ񣬽ѾѹŮ
˼״½˹ͷԣҲûθںû
ܻȥʱǾͺˡ
αȻɺأȴûֻǶЩѾѵ˵Ǻصġ
ûԷž͸оûţɱȴٸǳԷչ涨ʱִ˼ǳԱġ
صغ󣬱ôһȥϴϢ绹ѵ
Щƽѵ˵ľӢһȻû뵽ŵһô((Ʊ))ˡ
ô˲ϸ
Ҳò˶˼ֹĿ࿴֮УΨһһضϸŮҿȥȻۣ״̬ȴ
ҲòбǺգǾȻŮ˶磬ʱɲˡ
У˴̼һѡ
⼸쿨ˣ1930-20֮~~
()

997.997 治Ҫ

997 治Ҫ
ͷȥϴϢ緹ʱ䣬ȥ緹ˡ
ѵǴսȭҪɣҲһֱ͸֧Ŵҵ
ܶ˶ʧȥ˳Եʸ߽ʳȴûпһķˡ
϶Աһϰķˡ
Ǽ˱һܿҲˡ
һ迴Źѵ()ÿǰһ뻹ɢ(r)Ѫ˵ˡ
ǽķˣ̧ͷż϶Աü
һ϶ԱЦ˵ǰǽĵĺ˼͸֧ҪʱУΪ׼ġ
಻ôǳԵĿɶ޵()Ѫúܰɡһ϶Ա˵
ߴҰ()ü˵ǲҪҾķ˾С
ˣÿǰμѡε±ҪЩģ治ͷҪǣǳЩǺáһ϶ԱĵĽ͡
֪˵ǰʵһ϶Ҳкĺĳɷ֡
ȶ(r)Ѫ˽ȥȻоһ()ߡ
԰ɣЩȷʵкôǿ϶ỻģܱȽǿ˵žȥ()
ûмӶϣζЩŨζ̸Ϻãȥ֮˶оů
ԼϱĻŲɣͬ(r)ѪҲʼ()
˼ͬĶĻҲŵġ
ԱǺĸε()ӣ϶ǳ͵ġ
ߴӼرһŮ˶治ɫģҲü
֮Ȼζҹάɶ()ȷʵܺá
ߴӿҽʢأʢյ׶磬ıֻ(ͦͦ)á
ԭǰҶչһҪˡ̹(())Ĳ䡣
ʵû뵽ѵ˿ѷɫЩˡ
֮ǰܹʢأܲµʢöԷչԼԭ򣬹Ϊ˱ϴΰæѶ(qng)
ҾԼӦȲչˣлЦЦ
ʢЦʲôҪҡ
˵⣬ӦûԽѵ֮һɡ
һˣ˵׼ұȽϿýιȥǸŮʵ˵
һֱĬİ˼̧ͷӻϿĻû
˴˽һ񣬡У
ӽѵܿ˵ǱǿģӦ
()

998.998 

998 
˴˱˴˹յ˼극͸Իط
ӽҲԼһЩ֮ųֳǿȵѵ
ҲԼħóҩ
Ȼзһݣҩԡ
ԭΪ͸֧۵ľ磬ͨҩԡü˺ܶ࣬һ޸ʹ仹չһЩ
ò˵ȻȽϺģƶѵƻȴԴҶ
ڶҲ첻ˣ첻ڻصѵԽϰξԽϡѹܺ϶Ա֮Դ
һ±۳˹
绹ãԵıȽû±Ҳķˣһп졣
ɿ˷Ƶĳ꣬ҲûޣϾЩ˶ϹսľӢеĻӵ񣬳Եıˡ
ЦŵЩ˳ȥǻõģ˵Ǳ⾫Ϊ׼ģҲҪĺ⡣
ôһ˵ζʮ()±ǣɵöԺĺһԹ
ǰ˵ӿǸ˾ӣʵʾǸĺֶģһ㶼鰡
((co)co)սޣϻҪóԵĥǡ
߽ıĻʱһͷߡ
ѾͷָޣѾоЩ±ӶԼԹּˡ
ɿһͻȻһԺÿܳɼǰ˶ס䡣
ɨɨͷ壬֮ǰסˣҪûŽǰߵȥˣȫȥס˼䡣
ҺúϧĻᣬϾסɲסǿ
ƲƲ죬ĺҲֻУ(ͦͦ)õģҪǿǵ֮ľأôһĺˮȻƴ͸֧ļԽǿؽµĿԽ󡣡
ڳԭ˱ĻҪƴȥǰ˳˳ǣô˼ǲȥƴΣڲ
ѾͷأǹȻ
ˣ극ϿȥϢ컹ǿȸѵء˵ת()뿪ʳá
׼ȥúõļƻ£ټѶȣʡСѾͷо
ĵĺ꣬ȻҪӴǿѵҪҪ˻˸£ŵĵڱԹ
Ȼڳ˶ԱԹǸĵȫѵ
ȻһԹȴûа취ֻгܡ
ÿǰĵ佱Ҳִ()ǴʵϿɣҪסȥ϶ϣˡ
()

999.999 Ϊʲôã

999 Ϊʲôã
һʱÿѵǿȶܴмǿЩսŵľӢǶ̲סп
()ʡܣÿ춼ڼ޺ͳԽ֮ǻʱĻ͸֧
Ȼÿ϶ӦʳĲһЩǳԵˡ
ұϵѹեûвʱôãֻͷÿ춼ܱ۷״̬ôҾȲѡ
һܵκܿҲͳˣ塢˼ʢڰ⻹һƽֻӽǰ
ζĿ˿ͷ壬һôǿȵѵôоľˣ֪ʲôؾأ
ҪΪ⣬Լ()ʵҲܺ档
ҪˣصҲΪˣΪεѵӦھѹ·ӳǱ
ˣû˼Щ
ȻӣҲҵһֵĸоȤ
Ҳ⣬˽»ۣ֪ǲǷʲôҩΪssţű״̬úܶࡣ
죬˼ʢضҧֵģž״̬ҲǺܳ档
ͲµĺţҲΪ϶ҩԡ滺ÿ쳬֧ȣָҲȽϿ졣
κͿ˲ֻͬҪΥ(jn)ƷǿԴصģֻѵʱãƽ⡣
ҩԡ˲ȻĹҽжԼѾˣѹ״̬ôãԭҩԡĹϵ
ҲһЩ뷨׼̸̸
ȻûҩԡЧɿͷľôãﶼһ½䵱Ǻö׼һʡ
ˣѵ˽ܳͷ⣬Ҳ԰ᵽס
Ϣһ죬Ҳ뿪أɻļƻܳܵķΧֻҪÿϢһ죬Ͳ()塣
ǣϢһԭήҵ˲ָ˲١
ϢһҲ£ӻɢ
ͱΧˣһίѯҩԡʱڡ
ЩҲ˼ʢأܹмÿ͸֧ȫ()ۺ۵ˬʹ࣬ԼָΪʲôã
ҩԡ֮ǰһ赹Ů̲סʡ
ÿ춼ŬҪ׷ȥҪĴۣϢʱҲ˸ʹ࣬Ҫа취ǺĶġ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~
()

1000.1000 ȿЧ

1000 ȿЧ
ΧԼ˶˼˵뷨
ҲȱǱҺԴʯø߼ҩĻ߲ҿΪʺԼҩԡ
˶˵ܱ֤ҩԡ֮㲻ÿ켡()ʹܻ⣬Ҳġ
Ů۾һҩԡܵ
ǰÿ˵()(qng)ͬоҩԡԲͬ˺ǱܣȻҲԣûЧ˻ϡЦ˵
ܹμѡεľӢƽսſûӦöи߼ϣҲռ㡣
Ůͷ㣡
һЩ߼ϣ֪ҪʲôҪȥῴʡ
ǲǿռߣûпռװϣֲȫսзרƳһɴרװ߼ϡ
ɴӦһЩռ۵ܹһװܶණȴռʲôطߵﶼ()Яġ
Цð
Ҳи߼ϣһҲûʲôҪİɡ˴ʱҲæ˵
ҽǻ֪ģܹʹܣζҪԡ
߲ܣðһһ
ȺŮȥǵᡣ
ŮԼĹóɴ򿪣㿴Ҫʲô
濴˼ȽҪҩģ⼸ҶҪ԰һµҩԡ
ŮЦУ߰ɡ
ҰѰȻҩԡ
ְ˰ڻһЩûİˣҰһ˰ɡ
Ů¶ҽ˼֣Ц˵ðлˣ
ݶԷ()(qng)ҩԡħｫҩóװģÿݶ(r)ˮȫ()һСʱ
ҰҪµҩġ
Ůӹҩԡð
ҽԺգˬʵһֻ֡
ЦźգԺգ
ԿʲǺܺãһЩ⣬ǿȵѵ۶˵ļ
ɴӽ￪ʼԷÿ춼ҧż֣һĽǿܲס
һŮûкף׼ȿ֮Ч
ֱȥҩԡÿһˣûҩԡˣȻҲǺһŵȿЧĴ㡣
˼֪ôˣ۵ҪһƲôûôܣûдȥ˵ҩ磬ϻ᲻õ㣬ʣµ23-0֮~~~ˣ˵ϵͳ⼸춼ûдˣҪ7Ųָܻ~
()

1001.1001 һʹ

1001 һʹ
˼ʢԥĺ˽
˶סڵΪʢúҩԡҩĺͷȥ˰˼ķ䡣
Ϊ˼˰֮ǰһˣ˲Сĺ֢
˼ЦЦⶼˡ
ұ˳·ܵһηһʱıȽ϶࣬ӹһ١
ȷʵоʱۣҲ²ǵʱ˺֢
ûȥ죬ҪǼʲô϶(yn)μѡΡ
ͬ˵ѵô˻(ͦͦ)صģȻһֱţȥϼ˵ġ
˼ЦһֻҪܽ꣬ٿҶܰȥ
ҲٻذؼңԵڶսŵļ̳λҲûȤˣֻؼֵĹԣԼģһ
ʱ(ͦͦ)ͬ(qng)ǰͷ·Ͱؼйأ
˼ӦòһҪᶨͰؼƲϵӡ
˼Ҳûϴ⵽һγ·ķæⶾΣ
Ҳͬȴû˵Ѿǽˡ
ϸһֱ()ߵų·ͰؼҵȷʵйϵҲȽĺ(qng)
ΪǸνļ̳λãҪأֱ
һΪɱưҲԶˡ
ʵĽһů(i)ļܣȴȫϺʱʱҪԼġ
һͬ(qng)˵ҲǱߡ
ͶȨļ壬ֻϵùˡ
ˣ˭·ָǸɵ(qng)֪˼()ӣǲ½˵ʱ͸¶
ܿͽء
Ҫǰ˼ǣ˵ץһ
˼㶣ʣʲôˣ
Ͱѽ˵Ĵ󲿷ݶ˵˳һڱؼҵ˶֣Ȼǿ
˼˼Ƭ̣ûܣ֮ǰܾЩԾˣԭôһ֧
һᰵȥ顣˶˵ʱʲôչϢҲǵġ
Ҫľ仰ãΣ֮У֮ǰǵԹúúɡ
˼򴽣ͷãǰǽԹһʹˣ
()

1002.1002 

1002 
˼ȻϲȴԲȥʲôƻͷ(qng)
ɫȻҪǰԼǾʹӽɷͷʼɡ
Ҫñ֪׿ǰӺƻһ˵õ(qng)أ
Ҳ(ͦͦ)ϣ˺ģϾ˼˻ǿɿģҲֵһ(to)һ(to)()ӡ
Ҹҩ࣬Ժÿ춼һ۵ĵطҩԡҲΪŵָƵҩ
ħóҩģҩһһҩԡһܺ˿Ȼٸҩԡҩġ
ãллˣ˼𽫶еĸ(qng)ѹ£ֻѺսѣֻǲദȥ
ЦЦøĸ߼ϣҿǲġ
˼ԼиǰҲȻ˺ܶ࣬ð
ԼɰóЦô˵Ҳѣֿɱ̫ˣ
óԷѾԼ˼Ժ͵ദԴ˱Ƚ⣬ҲٹӴ
ԼһԼͷȽĬĵط
ˣҿɾϲءûɴｫԼҪĸ߼˳
ҩԡ⣬ҿɻΪأ϶޷ġ
˼һΣУݣ
Ϊ˼겡ͷͻ˸Եķ䡣
һᣬյϢȥİ칫һˡ
ѾµںӦûҩԡܸȤûǣŷһȥİ칫ҡ
һû¶֮ɫ
˵⣬Ӧ֪ɡ
ŷ棬Ϊҩԡ𣿡
Ȼû()ᵽ˵ҩԡЧҽȴš
˫ֽϣѵÿȥһĵҩԡôõЧսţսսŵʿкܴôģõúʵ
̸̸ܲܽ䷽ó
һ䣺ģԲԿģǿùѫ㻻
ѫ㣿ʲôãӹҩԡ(qng)û׼ҴţҲ׳ȥ
ǲ죬ŲûнսţѫǺöֻй׵Ľʿ䷢ʱȥսҹѫ
ѫĺöǺܶģ˵һ䲻ĻٶЩż嶼òġǿ
()

1003.1003 ǺŴ

1003 ǺŴ
֪ѫ;ȥǻ
ʲôҪ¶Ȥ
ʧЦ˼Ҷ˵Ǻ꣬ҿҲ
նһܵڲѫ˽ȥԼɣֻһС֣һЩҪܸߵĹѫܴͶһҵĹѫ㲻û
ܿͶӰǰͿŲٵƷעҪٹѫһ
ԽԽľ
û뵽кܶöƸ߼ҩҩĶкüֻ֣ҪƳľŲ߶мôܾΪ
ʱȻֻ㣬ȴѾеĵȫסڻֻͨҪв϶ೢԼξƳ
ǰĩʱЩѾˣﷴܴ롣
ϡи߼ҩ⣬һЩ߼ƷߵĲϣҪǶһȥƳɱ󣬵ʱʮǶܱ
ɨɨһĹѫüͷЩÿһֶһĹѫɲ٣ôˣܻеӰ
Ƚϸ߼һ߼ҩҪϰٹѫ㣬ܵҲֻٶ㣬˵ѫ㲻׵õ
һҭ˰ɣܽЩöóùѫһѾܲˣõľͻᶼûС
˭˵Ҿֻôˣǰһġ
Щܵó㽻׵ģһ˽кܶ鷳
㿼˿οû㣬ѫ㲻˭ܵõģҲǾ˲ŶҿģǺŴˡ
ѫҲнʿģҪһ߶˴ףսŻս˲ʸ񡣡
Ҫǲѡ꣬ʸûС
СϴΪ˾ˣ()оΧȦɾ޷ʹãͬʱתΪ˲Ŷ˹ѫ㣬һٵ㣬ڶûʸζĿ˷һ˵
֪ģͷҪ濪ѫȷʵףһսйѫ㽱ˣԲᳬʮˡ
˼Ƚԣ⻹ǿġ
⣬ЦʣǱ׼öٹѫҩԡ䷽أ
Բͬ(qng)вͬ䷽ԲһİʹЧҲǲġ䡣
ָ̧ͷٹѫ㣬ҺȡĽ
ûղ˵ҩԡ(qng)ͷһսŶкôĶȥùѫ
()ӣǱҺԴʯȸʹ򶯲޳ṩҲ֧޳ϾûǸ
Ǹ۵ܣ͸ôˣллͺͶƱ~~ףҹ~~ĸ22~
()

1004.1004 ʲôϣ

1004 ʲôϣ
ģ֪Ӧó˲ٵ
ٹѫһҩԡ䷽𣿡Цʡ
ε˵֮ǰΪֻһҩԡ䷽Ҳû湵ͨһ䷽ٹѫ()ġ
ѫǱ߿ŵҪŵĶŪҲȷʵҪѺܴԹѫ㲻ôõġ
˵ҪȸһŴڵҩԡ䷽ҪǼƣ۸Уõڶѵ۷״̬ҩԡȥԣ⣬ٸʣµġ
ҩԡܹ֮ܺǿ()ʵģʱ̸һҩԡ䷽ٹѫ㡣
һٹѫδҲ̫˵㣬ҩԡʿõģ滻ȡԲԿһ䡣
Ǵˣһ¾˼
Уȸһҩԡ䷽ҽȥǵķӦ
Цż˵ģһȡ档
űӣݸһҩԡ󣬽дһţ()(qng)ҩԡ䷽Ǵлӵġ
ܹѫһȫǱͰæ(qng)Ǽǵġ
Ҳӹ𣬡УҽԿ
սǿսսӣÿһսᲦٸ߼ԴԱԼҲȡҩԡҩĶֳɵġ
˵꣬ɫ˵(qng)Ƕ֪˰ɣ
ͷ֪ˣǲʲôţ
ǵѡνǵյҪȫڸ˺͸߼棬ͺã
˶˵ʱ죬һһȥ˷ֵҸ߼ɴġ
ã˼Ȥ
̸ú˾ͻԼᡣ
ҩԡ䷽档
ֳˣһΪҩԡЧӦޣһٹѫ㶼ֵҪȡǼԵġ
һùҽֶαͺ棬ҩԡ˵ܸҴϲбĹЧôãٶ໨һЩѫȥһ䷽Ҳֵõġ
Ҳˣڶҩԡ䷽ץҩģŪİٷݣֱսսŵͬȼʵʿʹÿЧ
ҩԡȥսսŵĸ߲㶼Ǻ⣬ҩԡЧʲôϣ
õҩʿҲеЩˣôˣ
ѵĸҩΪҩĺŪģ
Ҫ涣һҪÿ춼ʹãϱЧ͸оǶȥŪ
ϼҵ棬ŹһŻоڱƽ۶ˣҼȥϣʣµ2330-0֮䷢~~
()

1005.1005 תľô

1005 תľô
ĶͷԸЩõҩԡ󣬵Ͼˡ
һʼ˶Ϊ⣬ƾŪŪҵġ
ɵҩԡݵһ룬оԭѵ۸һļЩ˶סˡ
ǰѵҪ˯һָܻ۸гʧ˵ѵǿȴƣҲ˺ܶ࣬ŷ֮ǰˡ
εҩԡòƲǻ˵ģЧ
ʵʵĽЧն˵ıȥ
ڶʱҩԡ˶Լ״̬Ҫúܶ࣬һҹ˯ܺãָ״̬
ǰǿѵܵ(qng)ڶǻоƣ״̬ҲҪͷһ
ַ׷׽(qng)ʵȥ
õҩԡһҪҲЧ˵ôֺá
ҩԡ˵ʲôõҩԡԵİ˾ͷ׷룬ϣܼ䷢ʹãʵЧ̫ˣתľô졣
ֻǣ֮ǰõҩԡ䷽սμӻս߲ÿҲõȥ顣
ԼҲǺöˣҪսľӢʿҩԡÿ춼ܱ״̬ѵ°빦
ǿɻ˵ҩԡ䷽ЧģǺԥĴ绰ͱϵ̸
̸УӦֻҪһҩԡ䷽ͽٹѫ㡣
ٲ࣬ɶ˵ȴܲõ
Ǳ()ΪĶӳһʱп񣬲лᱻҵĹѫ㡣
ԱÿβֻõһٵĹѫ㡣
óһҩԡ䷽ܻٹѫ㣬ҪǶ⹫ȥԻܶ˵Ľʡ
绰ıɵЩ̾߶˼˲žǲһ
ƴƴô񣬻ֲ˼õļҩ˱ˣ
ûʲôĽʺ޵(qng)(ͦͦ)˵ģϾΪ׵ģԼôҲо
ǵͽ˵һ˼
ϸ˵ѫѵã֪սļˣлҪԾͬˡ
ͬʱֽűȽʺϴڵҩԡ䷽˱
䷽Цʣ˵Ū˼ֲǣרֲҩġ
սǱҩԡҩרŴֲǳ㿴ô
()

1006.1006 ٺò

1006 ٺò
óֲũԭҩƷʷǳãһҩ˾ȶͶˡ
սĸ߲Ҳ֪£ҪҩԡսռʹãĵҩǱȽӴġ
ȻҪĸҲϣҩƷܸϣñ̸̸ֲܲṩ
Щ⣬Ҫ̫ˣרҩĵֲṩˡ
Ҳ뵽ˣ׼ٸһŻߣΪǻ߷ǣֱӽָ㻻ҩģȥʱӦþṩˡ
˶˵߼͸˵(qng)Ѿսսŵĸ߲ﴫˣǶ˽ȸкΣУϣʿǵʵܹõ
һǱ߼ɱӶᣬǵֿʵҲһЩ
ǿ˸߲㶼һ뷨ԲԸÿǧĳժӣԶԿǱġ
⻰˼Ƭ̣аɣȻҪΪ˵ֿ߼Ӷ׼ҲһֲǳҩƷʾбϵģЧķӡ
ħѾִָʱڵĵȼҩƷʷǳãҲҩҩЧҲȫӡ
οףҾ֪ͬģֻҪҩԡӳЧͻĹסġ
ԺҪʲôҪ̸еĵطһݹڣҲ((co)co)ζĲ䡣
Цţűӣ
ܿ죬͵õ˰˰ٹѫĽնҲͨȨޣֱܹӽ뵽ѫĶһ
ԥĶһ߼ҩģʵٺòˡ
˶۳ѫ㣬ڶսǱ߾˽ҩ͵˻ء
Ϣҩıչ
ϽƳĵҩ˷һƿ˷֮Ҳ˾
μѡ֮ǰҩԡ˶˾˵ЧѼ״׷
ΪʱͷֳʵͼҲԭǵ˽ķˡ
ҩԡ(qng)Ҷǵ̬ת˺ܶ࣬ҲкʮֵĿ
һµʱȥͷܿӦָǿȵѵǵ츳ѣ˽Ҳġ
һ׶εѵ塢˼ʢ˵ĵûл
һǰһֱڻˣ˺ھͱһסĽҲǱȽϷɿġ
()

1007.1007 

1007 
һμѡΣһ׶εѵ̭ʮˡ
ʵÿѵǿȺܴȻҩԡİɻӦˣ߸Ľֻ࣬߱뿪
һ׶εѵ󣬱µ˷һʱļ٣ʮҪڻػ߻ؼ̽׶ԡ
ͷȻѡص۶ȥ(qng)
ص۶ǣȥ˵һսţױƷ˾ֲǵ(qng)
Ūҩԡ(qng)Ҳϲ䴫ˣλ˶æʺԼҩԡ
ȻƽҪѵ˭()ʺ;أ
ˣҲʶš
ûвҴţΪŵдҩԡõҩôҸ߸˵뿪
Ȼҩԡ䷽޳ģҶǴŸ߼ȡģû˭ҲԾ
»棬Ϻܶ˶ȥũҳԣһҩԡ
ֲǻһЩںܿͨҩģǿʼϳͨǿ()һЩðȼҩԡ
ߵĶսźҩ˾Ǳˣûϳۡ
Ҳ˴˵ҩЧƲôóƴҵġ
˸࣬ҩԡһϼܾͱũʵͻһա
ҷ׷ȥԣڶҲ㡣
[֮ǰ˭˵۵ͨҩԡЧãȫǷ(ƨp)Ͼˣֻ˯ȥˣһܻûкõĸðҲ˺ܶ࣬ݣ]
[֮ǰһͻۣȻҩԡ֮ȾȻˣҩЧٶҶֻܸ̾档]
[ҲһЩ()ëƽȥҽԺβãҩԡ֮󣬸оԵĺתǰ˵Ĺҽжţ棬һŰɣԼֻ֮˵̫ôˣˣ]
[ȿȣ˵ҩԡǿ()ЧҲ̫ˣҲôǿƽҲе飬ɶʱȽ϶̣ϱҾһԹҩԡ֮󣬾Ȼ˺ܶ࣬һϱѵһΣҼ]
[ҿҩԡ˼׳ЧôţУȻȻԽԽãһҪֿ㡣]
[ͱЩҪ㰡]
[ЩҪǣԼ׳ҩȥ̣ôõĶҩԡɲֻǶǺãŮ()Ҳܺãһ죬ɫ˲٣Ůʿһǰ]
[ɵ˰ɣ˲ҪȺ壬Ů˱Ϲ(r)֡]
ŮŮųҲ۵ҩÿһϼܾڵһʱͱȫꡣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~Ҫȥκ룬һָ¸£ʱԼ18Ұ~~
()

1008.1008 ׶

1008 ׶
Ҳû뵽ҩԡۻôãõҪҲǵ()ͼǿʵģ˵ЩЧȷʵС
ֲǵӣҩԡҲӣѾõҩũЩҽ츳С
ʱҲУǿʶҩĵȡ
ЩСǹ¶Ǻڻйܶ಻õľ˺ϧĻᡣ
ĸ׺͵ܵҲѾ߾вЩ¶ԺϽѧУСȫȳ
Сͻع˼ͥɻһûȥ
÷æǼǵͬ͵ֲȥǮΪǱѧУѧѧϰֽļܡ
ԺũҲȫģǲٳԲůҪʱʱ۸͵ıȥʵ顣
ĹǱȽֵ֧ģֲҲ˲ٵŻߡ
һܵʱܿ͹ȥˣͷ尴ʱػر
ڶѵû賿ʹڣߵ
ѵϣ()Ӱڴǰ
쿪ʼеڶ׶εѡΣһὫǷ鲼ȥɣɵ(qng)һ׶εԱ
űóһŷһ飬ʮ˷ֳʮС飬һ϶Աȥ
εķͷ屻ֿ˼ҲΪһ飬ȻҪ׼ɼȽͻ±ֿ
ڶ쿪ʼÿСͿʼȥ
ÿͬͺȴͬС죬ҪȥǵŻҪȥһЩǺͻǡץӷȡ
ĵȼϵڵ飬ΪǵĴɵĶܳɫ
һµʱֹȥˣѡεĵڶ׶ҲŽ̭ʣʮˡ
Ϣһڣٴν˷飬ʣµʮ˷ֳ飬һ顣
ǣβûнǷֿǽ˷һ顣
εķٶ˵
ܹˣӦþһˡ
ֻҲ׷һ׶ν񾭣һҪɼϾĿꡣ
˵ÿСԼȥɷ϶Աٴ
ÿӵȫͬȻ嵥ȥǵĽȺɶۺϳɼѡνˡ
Ҳûж£嵥նϷÿˡ
춼ܻȥʱͶĵ22-23ҰɣʣµҲʱ~~~
()

1009.1009 ϵش

1009 ϵش
յնϢ㿪˿
һ񣬺ϸ׶εȫͬ˵Ķ˸ˡ
ԴսӽǱߵõ˵Ϣ󣬱ٶȴĸ׺͵ܵܣϢ͸
ƾǱҲǿ͸¶ϢǽѵĸʱѾַˡ
˺͸ߵڵϢȻûȫǴȴѾ֪ˡ
һʼһЩ˵ĿֻţܿͱϴԣֻҪܹҳ˵ˣǲں͸߼ǱϵƬʱȫ
Ҳôһලһ˭пɵĵطϱսȡһЩЧ
ĸµʱǿѾڳ˲ٸ˵мݻǵĺüѵ㡣
ĵºҲ׵ĵ٣ֻǽǸĸʮֽƻսɳӢȥץѾյϢˡ
Ǿһץ׵һ˵ѶȺܴ
Ҷòˣڵ˵(qng)ǶѾ֪ˣ𣬶˵ĻǱֵʱˡ
β϶ԱͬҲУǲֻڲÿС֮о϶Աľѹ
Ȼ˾⣬ҲԺǵĿһµģϵ˺򣬲(yn)ڲΪڧ򲻵ֻ̭ս
˶Ƚ⣬˴ҲСңȻҪ˵Ϊˡ
ˣڿʼɻ񣬷ʲôҪϢҪһʱϱսߺӦԴýҲ١
񲢲Ҫ˳Լʵ(qng)ѡȺ˳һҪС
εȽҪսǱ߲˲ٵԴᷢǵУϻǾͿ뿪ˡ
˵ǿһ㣬ʱ϶ԱΣջˣϣŶƣܹ
Ҫ޷ȴϵҪ¼ģһʱϵ
ǣڳʮص
ڰ֣УǾɢˣ
˻ȥһȥ
оһɡʢصն˵ϸͶӰڴǰ
()

1010.1010 ã

1010 ã
忴ͶӰϵݣ
һѰҸ˵ܻפأΪѵģϾôµʱĿȥѰ̫ãˡ
ڶǴݻٸ˵ѵ㣬һЩΪ
ѰץԺ͵ڶһչѵ˵ҵһЩص
˼˼˵ͬ
ͷһϵĬҲͬ
Ҳڶá̬
ʢԭȻӸȥڸ˵ѵ㣬ô˵û޳ɣԼĹ۵㡣
˼·ҲûϢ̫ˣҪѣҸɡ
ҶԵڶﻹиϸϢ˼𲹳һ䡣
뿴ʲôϸϢ
Ҳ鵽˺͸˵ϵӶԷź˲ԶһǣǿȥѰҵѵ㡣˼˵ʵǰؼǸ˽ӵܵܡ
ʢô˵Ҳͬˡ
Ȼˣֱȥǣʡ
ֱȥǰɣҪһֲ
˶˱Ƚϳ˵鲼һǾͿܱˡ˵ԼĹǡ
Ƕ˶ĺˣرͷ壬˿Ѿڣ˵ǣû˵˷֣͸˿ֲС³ˡ
ǱҲ϶÷
Ц˵㲻õģǰʱоһݵ֮ݺ͹ֻб任ǵǿǿݽȥ
ֻҪΪǸߵߣݵͲᱻơ
ʱñΪǰһ()ݾˡ
Ļ۾һã
֮󣬵϶ԱԴװ󣬵Ͼͳɴ뿪ֱǿǷȥ
ͣ㣬ҩÿ˸һš
ԼȷãܿҾͼǱһڣȻ̧Լ󣬹Ҳֻеı任¡
ǲһĶʧ˾ͼһò(i)Сǰ
ôЦŶ֣Ҳ
һСǣȥ޺˭뵽
()

1011.1011 Ȼô棿

1011 Ȼô棿
ʢؼȫǾˣһŵģ
ۿǰõҩıò()ĺǶԲ
ϸ۲Ƿ֣()ϵϢıˡ
ֻ˾ˣĻıˣȻô棿
ⵤҩЧð̲ס̾
ҪΪ˰()ݣ˵Ū˸ʲôݵűȽϺ߿Ƶ
ﴽǣȻˣ
ʢغԥĽҩӵҲԡ
ܿҲһڣԼ̧ܸоֵֹģæŪ¡
߹ȥҪΪֽͨı()ߡ
ܿһòҲߵӳ֣Ҳʢء
˺ԥķµҩݡ
ĸɺ㿴ҿ㣬ݵ֮
ڶ濴Ƿݾ̾Ѿˣ뵽ĸ࣬ⵤҩֶܱã
ʮСʱֻҪʱڼãͿٱʮСʱѭʵ˵
°ʣʮСʱҲѾܲˣҪҩĸ߼𣿡
߼ԱֵʱŲôʵûҵݵһЩϣԼҵҩ()ҩƵģһŵҩԹ졣
ҩܲҪϱսܻܲȡ㹦ѫ㣬Ҫ𣿡
СͲĸ׵ϲǸŮ˺ʧһŰǣսһλԪ˧ڱ޵Ŀа£˻ȥڶ
Ҳ˵ҳ϶ȷǳߣһսŵĺöɵþΪսȡˡ
⣬аϱɣʼһƿ㣬ȥԡ
ãǾ˵ˣЦ
()֤Ͽ촫һˡ
ͷڵƬһݹ
СʱңǱ߾ΪǸ㶨˼()ݣ˳ķɴֱӿǡ
˷ɴǵ˼һ()Ϣͷˡ
԰˼ʹһ񣬡·ȹȥɡ
ǰҹֱȥͻϮǸ˵ѵ㻹
˼ͷն·Ķλ˿սΪ׼÷ĳǸȥ
ԼһСʱͣһ̻Ի͵ľƵſڡ
ƵһºУǽȥɡ˼³˵
ϢյĻǱȽȫ档
()

1012.1012 Ҳİ

1012 Ҳİ
˶԰˼ǱȽŵģһ˽ȥ
ǶûдսװݵòҲûôڡ
װСҲֻǸ(i)()С㣬òԭҪѷɫܶࡣ
ߵ󣬰˼óһźɫĿӸǰ̨żɽ˵Ҫȥ¥
Ҳ˻˴ǮŪġ
Ƶĸһ¥͸¥ͣ¥ͣʵȴǺеڡ
ԱѾϰˣӹڿ֤һһЦվ()λ
Աȥ˺һȽĵ˸¥
ϸĿ˿ⲿҪԱָƺͺĤԼֻ㣬ȴ޷㡣
Ҳð˼׼ıȽȫǰ͸¶˵ʱڹȻȷġ
Ŵ򿪣ԱһƣףλĿģ
߳ȥֳݷء
ǰһµСУвٵ̡ưɺͶĹݡ
()ܻоŸУһֱ˽
ҪռƬԴҪȥռǿ϶ᱻ(qng)˲Ծ
ôõֶξǺнˣ(qng)ǱҲ޷鵽еĽ׼¼
һ߳ݣһĨ()СŮЦ˹
λǵһɣҪʲôأ
˼𵭵ĵ⿴㶫㲻øţ
ŮЦݲ䣬˸£Ǽλ㣡
ûиˣȴ˰иš
ʵĿǰǿ˴˺Ҳͳص㱻Ķ󡣶ڵһˣǶȶңս˻鷳ˡ
˵ʵͣȻˡ
ʢ΢΢üǵķ(ͦͦ)ϵģһֱǣ̫ж
Ҳüͷͷ˿ģʲô취ܰ𣿡
Ц˵һطȻˡ
˳˳ǣҲôһ档
ʢظɿһ֮ôأӦÿһʱͻϱ
֮ݳǵģͷжˡζЦЦ
㶣漴һϲⵤҩݳɱ˵ģ
ȻˣԼǵģ()Ҳűͺˣ
ŵЦ˵ֻҪһ£Ϥǵ˶
ҲٷµĵҩֱӸıڵòɡ
ʢ̲סţ((Ʊ))ݵˣѹֱӶˣҲİ
()

1013.1013 Ҳ̫˰

1013 Ҳ̫˰
ӦΪϱţΪƽˡ
Ҳ˭ƳģҼڵҩⷽ棬׵no1̧̧°͡
ȷʵ˼ٴαݵþ˾Ҳ̫ˡ
Ҫȥսսר鹤Ķ飬þԺܴ
Ҫǻƽ˼϶Ϊڶսȡ£˼ȴˡ
ʢصĶѾȡˣҲͲʲôǵĿ궼һµģΪս
ļսս޹أֻǾ̾ûж뷨
年˹СĴָģʱҲһսŪ㡣
ԼϱȻô
ЦŻع˹֣ð
Աߵ˶УȻ˵СҪߵﶼ
˼ĬĹ֣ƿĿ⣬ȻѾˣﻹǻЩζ
˽һӣŵƬ̺Ҳ½˽ȥžͱӺΡ
װǣ·ҲˡָָԵ˵
ãЩǽ()ϵ·ˡ
ķı()ģ󣬺ܿͺ͵ϵһģһ
½˵յȡ£ʼ
ʢغͰ˼״¡
ʲôʱ򻹻նˣʢЦʡ
һһ˵֮ǰͨˮϺϱȻҾȥѧ˺ڿͼѾСˡ
ǰˮˮûȥۻ(ͦͦ)˼ģǾȥѧˡ
Ժ˭Ҫˮģ÷ûȥֱӺ˶ԷȻҳɣʡ¡
ԭΪϱȥѧģѧѧоȤͺ棬Ǿѧø͸ֻҪпȥо
˳˳ǣСֳһѹ
˼޵ĿЦ£Щȷʵ壬һϲͺã·Ѿ̵˹һ
ʢҲ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣķļ򣬡ϱģ
ǣһֱϱĺˣNɪ
ŨŨЦ⣬ԼҷԽԽ֡
ڶԺڿͼѾɾͣܿ˵նˣȥ鿴ϢԼºеλͼ
ԼһնˣݸʢˣǵӦλãȥ
ֿжǴǱȥָָնϵλö˵
ֿŲױ¶˵ͷã
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~漸ĸʱ22-23~~~
()

1014.1014 㣿

1014 㣿
װɵϵˣĳŶԷȥ
һֵƹȥ
ºемأ֮ǰȥֱȽƫƧڼǴεġ
ڷֿߣû·ϻ߼ڵע⡣
ܿ죬ߵһĳ
Ǿôȥ𣿡ʡ
Щ˵ѣҪƽ˵նˣҲ뵽Щ˻ὫѰڶĳ
ֵû£Ǿ͵Լġ
ãһֱսţҲǴΧģû֣Ƚϰġ
߽ȥһŶĳװӢЦ˹
λŮʿ֪Ҫʲôأ˵ĴŴʱȽļҵС㣬żҲӴֺС㡣
һʽ𻹱Ƚ϶࣬ý治㱻Լˡ
ֵĵͷ˫ȴĴţ͵͵ܳСģĺ
ʲôģʡ
ЦһƣλԸһȥʲô棬ϸǽܡ
ãһ˽ȥ
ǰС˻(ͦͦ)࣬ׯҵ˹ȻڳǧʱĻӵĴС
ǽ淨λȤ𣿡
£аǾɡ
֪Ĵ㣬ʹӲҲһ
ҪȻ룬λСҪأʡ
һ˵ȻһǧǱɣСû˼
ûôǱңȻǱɣҲᡣ
˵ĻϵЦŨŨȻ㡣
ܿ죬նתһǧĳߵնˣȻ̳롣
ּ棬ͷİڰ֣Ѿ֪ôˡ
С棡ӲС()С()⣬⻹ǺõģѲġ
ʹʼӡ
ÿעһʮǰļѶȫѹˡ
֪ǶĳİϷǰҪͷԣܼȥ
ſʼעʮһȻʼӮĸ
Ǹһעģ״ҲֲԾˡ
ǲǶֽţյߵʡ
()

1015.1015 ôô

1015 ôô
һ
ǿ϶ģǾ档ص
ûĳ˼Ӯ߳𣿡
ǱûںӮǲ̫Ҫ
Ӯǵĳ룬ҪſӮøЦ
Ǵˣһ¾Ͷ˼⵹Ǹð취Ӧ׵ĶӮ𣿡
ҵġŵ˵
ǰһøͱȽϲȥĳ죬ͽȥΣ֪ô档
ͷãȫġ
֮ȻСģȴҲ⡣
ھϣȻϣʼעѺǰĳֻʣȫ˳ȥС
ܿׯҡӣԭҡСӱ˶˴
ϲ£ֱС
ҡӵи߼ΪҲǷֹ߼þס
ssľֱͬȼǿܶ࣬Ҫıܼ򵥣˷֡
ҿ󣬹ȻСӮˡ
ֻΣȴӮ˶ʮΣһǧڡ
ׯҡӵֱð亹ôˣѵңʧˣ
ɲŮӮȥǶԴ˹ʹ˸
ǻ档
ǿ˹һʲôӮ٣һ¾ͱʮڡ
˵öĳ˾ˣ()ߵȲѡ
׼Ӽ豸ֵҲĻ档
ʢ̲ס̾ҿʲôǲģ
Ķĳǧ϶Ƚϸ߶ˣȻӮô࣬ţǲ֪һŮôô
˼Ҳÿᱻһһÿһҳµݣˡ
ʵҲû뵽ԼϱķҲôţ(ͦͦ)(ͦͦ)()ǵȻģҼĿһѧѧʲô᣿
һѹʢؾԼ(())һʱ̶Ҫϱģĵ()(qng)Կ
ôԺȱǮͿȥĳ찡ʢ°͸̾
һۣҼĲŲϲֲͶ(qng)
Ȼǿ¹ŶȥҲԲǮġ
ʢؿģˣû˵
Ҳ()ӣӦòϲǮķʽ
()

1016.1016 ̫

1016 ̫
˼˻ˡ
ǸɿһѣǶ㣬Ϊȡء
ʢȻҲˣã
˼ӿ˲ҲӮÿòٶͽ۾úˡ
Ҫʽ(qng)ôģȫưľܾˡ
ӮôǱңĳĸˡ
ˣǶӵˣһֱӮû˼Щһˡ
Ա޵˳˳ǣһֱӮû˼Ů̫ˡ
ӼӮô࣬Ȼߣ׼Ȱ˵棬ͷָ˸ʹһ
ĵͷãȥΪλСһ
ߺʣô˵
˵ӦҪǼģȻ
Ц֪Ҳģһһ꣬һţǵ˾Ծͳˡ
Ца취
̫ˣ㲻֪ղԱЩ۾Ŀ쾪ˡЩ˾Ժ޲óȫǵġ
ЦһСϷˣܳǧҲܵġ
ֻҪߣ׵ľ˶Էǧ
ĶĳȻ(to)ģǧУ϶Ӳġ
Ȼ˻ʮڣǸ߳žͱߴס
λǻǳǧҪǽм飬һ˰ɡһȫ()ɷ˵
ʵ¶η֮ɫʲôǧǲûУ
ֻĽͶԷȻԺʹһ񣬡ߣ
ǣǴһ˶¥
Ƶһ̵ΧСǣʶľӮǱҽǾͲˣ
ǶȦӣˣû˭ĳȥ
ԭһģɳվ()üŵУ֪Ҫôأ
м״ЩԾŹˣ̧־Ҫһ⣬СƤǰʲô()ݣﶼ˵㡣
˭֪ƻδȹȥͱһ߷˳ȥ
ϣ˵һȳȥ⼸˴
ӦҲ֡
⼸ȻߣʵҪѷɫ٣ܿͱȫ߷ڵء
м״еն˰ȥȴûйܡ
2350~
()

1017.1017 

1017 
ն˱¥һܱյķŴƵļվ
Ӳˣһü˵
һ˵ȥҸ˵ӮʮڣǴ¥ʰܷʲô(qng)ˡ
һȺŮ˶ʰˣȥ⼸һĲã׷()
˶¥ϣʱ׼֡
ܱⰲװűϵͳбȽϸ߼֤嵹ǿѧļƽ⣬±취ˡ
֪(qng)Ǿһֱ
ܿű򿪣߳ˡ
˺ԥĳ˹ȥ˼״вãҪ˻ȥҲˣֻӭȥԴ
Ȼˣʵȴ˲٣óսȫסˡ
ҲһϢԼĵַ
¥£еһڵϰû뵽ȥ()εεŮ˾Ȼôܴ
ʲôˣܾļ²ѡ
նϵϢЦŶ˵ǳˣȥϡ
˿ã
ȥɡ˿ϵ˵
ãһŪŷϣܲ
ǳ׵ķˡ
˳źóϻһ(jn)ƷȻһ¥
ܱշ䣬ͼеɳϣϱˣһ׵ġ
Լϱ()ЦĹ
߹ȥ£Ѷ𣿡
صˣǼ춼ȽӲûʳʲô̫õϢ
ʮڵΪ򣬡Ի
Ǵǹҡβ͵ģʢؼ˶۾
ô⻹Ǹ۶С𣿲Ǳ˸()˰ɡ
˼״ҲЩ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣû뵽廹һ棬Ƿĸ(qng)˼֡
ЦԼҵСǹţ԰ɡ
ֻԣ̫ˡֱ׳˵
ʢغͰ˼Ҫ˵ĳ嶯ǷϣҲûһѶʲô
һ۾Ϳǵ˼ʢص˼˵սרѶģ˼
ʢǱѵȻ¹ĳְʾʲôģЩֶθûð
õˣ⼸Ӧñ߶ùʲôֶΣͻô
()

1018.1018 ̫ûУ

1018 ̫ûУ
ҲͬĲ²⡣
ԻҪҼĳУNɪ˵
ʢֺ֪ϱˣ˰ɣ
ЩôҲ֪ܲѶɹ
˼ǱȽģѶȷʵҪ
ûмѶЦ˵ˣ
ͷ߹ȥץһþ鿴Ȼ˶Էľռһ(jn)ƣȻûн(jn)ôҲȷʵơ
(jn)Ƶֻҵߣ˵ƽⲻѡ
ֱþ(jn)ƳҲŵ˵ɴ۾һŵģôܻƣ
͹ܲˣ漴óҩ÷ιǷ¡
˾ռ(jn)ȫƽˡ
þѹƣҲǿԡ
һ⣬Ӽ˿вֻڳǵѵ㣬ڳ˹ڸһϢ
ʵò࣬תͷʢؼ˵Ҫôã
˷⣬ʢ˶һУû뵽ѶֶΣֱ̫ûУ
ⵤҩԵɣʢʿˮʡ
ֱʲô˵ʲôó˸Ը⣬ȴǱȫ³滰ˡ
ЦЦɣʹ÷Ҳô򵥵ģֻҪõҩҪþѹƲУ
ԭˡʢؼ˾ŶԣһŵҩȲѵ˵ʵҲ̫ˡ
㲻ȥ鲿Ѷ̫˷ˡЦŸ̾
ɷϣӴԽ࣬ԽǸţĶ෽˲š
ҡҡͷûȤѶ۰ġ
ҲԣʢؾûԼȥҲģѯʣ⼸ҪͽɣҸһϢ
˶ͬ⣬ã㷢ɣ
ʢظϢܿǱ߾ͻظˡ
˵ս˹ӹºУһ鳭뿪ʢ̧ͷ˵
Ǿ͵ȵȰɡ
Լ˰Сʱңһ϶Աʮսװ˽
ϱ׿ȥҪˣЦ˵˲ųһ첻ʱ䣬ȻͶһ˵ѵ㡣
ðɣһʢվ()ЦЦȥ鳭𣿡
϶Աͷԣ⼸ͷĿ⣬вߣٲҪǰæ¡
Ǿ߰ɣеʢض˶첲û壬Щɡ
()

1019.1019 

1019 
һսܸߣ֮սǱ½˲٣ܿͽºֱһˡ
Ҳ񣬴һк׼뿪
߳ʮекȵ
ԣǱߵķӦûаңǹȥͻȻָ̧һ۵С˵
Ҷ֪ı£û˭ɡ
ãһȥ
һҳ˽ҩӣѾսץ
̺󣬺üϸңûзְң
ǻǲ֪ˡ
۾ɢ(())ȸղŸ֪ĸԡ
۾Ÿ֪ĵطȥǰһҩ
֮ǰսҲᶯҩ񿴹ȷʵûаš
ĿȴҩϷŵһϡ
߹ȥֻϹȻһ(jn)ƣþѸƽ⿪ȻضķתȦ
ԭһǽͻȻĴмѿһͨǰ
ʢؼ˺ս˶סˣҪǽԶѿɸ滹һ
ǹŵʱڵĻ𣿡϶ԱӦʡ
ͷɣǽͻ϶(jn)ƣƵĻͿ
ԭˣ϶ԱЦŶĴָᷢ
Ҳ̾治ssľǱҪкܶࡣ
Ҳǹżģֻʲô(jn)ƶ
ЦЦҲиоȣȥɡ
ã˴ʱҲеͺȵ첽ĳȥ
߳˾ͼǰһȽϴķ䡣
ʱǧСŮȫסԱ߻һ̨Ķ滹һŲϷ°ĭСŮ
״첽߹ȥΪСŮ˰Ȼ̨ϵһƿҩţЩʵ飬ҩֻǰƷ˸á
˵óһŵҩιСãóȥСŮŽĲٳ鴤԰׵ɫҲĻعһЩ
϶ԱȭͷһŭЩȻ**ʵ飬ֱû()
սŸһҲŭޱȣ˵Щ˼ֱ˵
ǵǷǰɣǲʵ飬ǲһʮż˿޺
սȥǵ⿪ͬʱҲ֮һĺ(qng)ɫķŭ֮ɫŨ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1020.1020 ˫޳

1020 ˫޳
̨ϵСŮ߹ȥΪһСǿһ顣
()ϵĵҩħֲ˺ܶҩġ
ӿռóֳᴿҩ
ιСһƿǿȥĻָ
ҩ֮()ϵĸþͻʧվ()˵
սսм˵лСˣ
ս˽еĺӴ˳ȥ
ҪôţʢؿЩСǣܲζ
սΣֻ͵ǵĹ¶Ժˡ
¶ӣܶ¶ԺѾ⡣
ЩСȥûеطãҲѰ
˵Ļ˵ǰɡ
ʲôʢغսͬʱһ
Ц֮ǰҵ¶ĳӮʮڵǱңȥ֮һͷæһ¶ʱֻҪ޼ҿɹʮµĺӣɡ
ӮǱϽóΪЩĺʵ¡
ʱѧУЩӶѧḻԼĻᡣ
ʵҲǽĸ׸ֻǶԷѧУȥҩơ
ֲǲϵӣҵҲ󣬹¶һЩ˲š
ʢغս뷨Ǻ£Ǿ֧֡
ð˿ûŪСȥʵ飬ÿεһѵͻһЩӳ˵Ĺ¶ԺѾˣҪܿһǣ˫޳ɡսЦ˵
л֧֣Ц˵ЩӾ鷳ȰסҺͷ˵ãΪŵġ
ս׵ãԷٺ㣬ǻǱȽŵġ
ô˵Ҫ濪Ϊ˽һ⡣
(qng)꣬Ҳɴ뿪ǡ
ͷڷɴϺͷ硢ϵƵ¶(qng)˵˵Ҳæȥ(qng)
ʮǱֱת˷磬һרŵݻ𣬽¶һп֧
ȻʻȥҲѡַԺ
ͷ̸ֵףͷŹƵص¡
ˣʢĲƽʱʱܸ˾ϲ
ͷˣᾡȥģǵ˵ѵ㣬Ҳܽˡ
()

1021.1021 ϶Ҫù

1021 ϶Ҫù
ڳ˶սžӢ˵ĹжܸߣøС
ºף㽻ǶԵģϾǻҪҲûʱ;
ʢЦż˵Ǿһɡ
˿е֪ǽһκǾȥŰɣҲֻʱˡ
ҲôڣôǸˡʢȭͷ
Ը(qng)Ƿе˼ġ
ҲȽ޳㡣
ǾȥǿǰɣʱһȥҲ뽫ץס
һ˾ãɴͳǷȥ
ҪһʱִܵɴϢķ䣬Ҳˣ׷һȥϢ
˵ļ¸УܾȥĻ˵ز
ñһݹϸϹ
߽պýϿꡣ
ôˣ¿ȣָ̧˸ŵüͷ
Լֵ͵˵˳ǸӦһߣΪ߲㣬пŲ㡣
鵽һЩϢѾʶﱻµ(jn)ƣһܾó(jn)ƵŲ֡
ܾδ˵ĿʵϢЩ׺ɺϣǷ˵ҩ϶˵ѣһйȥǵĿܡ
ɫҲ˼֣²˿϶Ķ֡
ŲʿȾżߣʲôʵҪߡ
ȻżǻսʿҲܺŲսƽ
Уʵǿ߼ߣ˶
ҪǶŲ㣬˵ץˣҪԷѹ档
()ΪӳıǰҲǲץˡ
Ҫ²ϱӣʡ
ҡҡͷǱҪ߲п϶ˣϱӣʮ**Ԯһż߹ָʹݾߣøǰˡ
̾˿ĻЩ鷳
Ц뵽һˣæ϶ܳɡ
ѾϬˣ۾һЦʣ˼ô˸æ
ǰҸѾǾżߣͬʱͨ󷨣Ǹ϶Ҫùġ
()

1022.1022 Ծ

1022 Ծ
˸æ嵹ûоö
ãʴ˸硣
ץסǸϵ֪ҪǴ˸ܹæǵİսоųϡ
ͷţ͸緢Ϣ
˵ն˷һϢȥ
ܿǱ߾˻ظҸӦˣһʹٵ۹ȻǺǻϡ
ıºܴ󣬲ȥŪ()ݣҲ˳ǵġ
̫ˣұŸˡ
һŻԼķϢ
һ󣬷ɴִǡ
óݵ˷ãα任ݺϴı䡣
ݳ꣬ҲݵıȽƽ
Ƿǡ
ͬ˵ǾðսѲĽʿֱû׷ȥɴȥװεС㡣
ã
˵Ļ̫ԣױϳܿսǱ߸Ļףֱӷɽǡ
ɴִǣͨ()֤С
ȥԼõľƵ꣬ѾΪ׼˽ºеĺڿҲܲμᡣ
ǵǹ˹䣬ͻ˾Ƶ׼
ڶҹĻٺһһȥ˺еڡ
βǾƵĸ㣬ƶһ¥
˵صĻ湻ѹսǱߺҡһһ˵
ĵºлṩϢսǱ߲Ūڿġ
ҲͬУȷʵ(ͦͦ)ҵطģ˭뵽ǵѻƶߡ
ҪǴ˿ѶפǵսԱǸС
ţյնϢʾ
һǷģѾ˺С
һ緢ˣ˺УѾ
ҲԼڵ(qng)ظϢȥ
Ϣˣʡ
صţѾȥˣֱȥ
ã
ͨżϺڿܵļ飬űŽȥ
ºھ¥ĸ㣬ǸСС
ˣҵڣʾڿ֮󱻷˽ȥ
ȥڲԶλϿ˷ˡ
˴˼һ޵
һȦϯһλ÷ͬݵĴ硣
ƾͷǲ俴΢΢˵ͷʾ⡣
½˽Ҳòҿɽȴ˲Ծ
2350~
()

1023.1023 ٸһѡĻ

1023 ٸһѡĻ
˲Ǻܶ࣬ʮӹȥˣȻ˴롣
˵ᣬӦúܶ࣬λöܡ
ʱս׼˵
ȻûпʲôжϻǺεģã
ֵ㶵ס˻
ָ巢һϢǱߵǲõġ
Լֹʮӣλò
ҲǺм(qng)ҪĵĸоøԾ
ţһߵǰ̨ϡ
òмͨȴһεơ
ӭλǰμӽᡣ
ζɨɨ弸ˣΪ׼һݴ񣡡
˵̧ġ
ȥҪʼչʾƷͻȻͷһ¡֮һ¡
弸Ҳû뵽ͻӣܳȥӾڳ˶˽ȥ
˲񣬷ϵĳźȥһ𣬺ͷ弸˺Եμ롣
ӿŷ弸ЦǼݵЧܺãϧȴҡ
û뵽ô߳Ϊ̫ϧˣûȤǣ
ҪҿԱ֤ȥ߼죬кܶĸ߼ҩĵȣ֤㲻ʧġ
ھͨ˲ţǻǺӵģΪ߼͹һЩ
Ȼ֮ǰƻǼμƻ츳ʵȴֲ㡣
ʢؼû뵽һһǽǣȫ·
ҲЩŵĿԷôãĶ
ͬʱһӦòӦġ
ҲԷȻһ£Լ˼Ҳϲ()ûȤǡ
⻰ԭЦŵɫ˳ҪƲԳԷˣ
ǰϲԷơ
ŶԷǹİɣ
ȻûɢΪϢܿǵݵЧҲ֤ʵĸоͲ²ǶԵġ
ܴϧȴʶ̧٣ЩϧĿһǺϧŵģٸһѡĻᡣ
˵ȫ()ѹͷſżߵʵ¶ɡ
ֻ·һˡ
ŶԷչ¶ѹϢʢؼɫ˲˱䡣
()

1024.1024 Ǽϸ

1024 ()ϸ
ʢﰵһ(qng)ˣ˵ʵ߼߰˼
һǾżԷ⻹ôȥ
ɫ䣬ĵûȤ
һӲͷߣ˲̫ϧȥʵ鵹ǲ
漴۳һֻ־Ҫץ
˻ףӭֻ֡
ڴʱԭվ()ߵͻȻ֡
˸ǣȻڵһʱûбܵҪȥ㸱֣֮Ǻ˾룬Ҷ͵Ϯ
û͵ϮɹȲѵĿͷˣ
ԲôٶȷӦܿ
Ŀǽ֮ԻȦ(to)㹦ûɣ
Ȼȴһ˿ɾ͸Уôֵģܰ
һʼҲû뵽л()ϸȴ˽Ϣ̫ɺˡ֮ǰصôҪ͵õϢһֱ̫ɺϵ(qng)
֮ǰҲû϶ʢ˭()ϸɸղˣֳҵģװһɫ(qng)Ǻܼң˵ʵô⡣
ղŸһ̣ҷ㿴оηһš
㲻ʶ־£ҲǴжϳеǸ()ϸ
üʮɻ󣺡Ҫ()ϸѵ˼ӦòñɵĶ𣿱ϾͬĵܵܡøǺ͸˹ᣬҲȥǸǡ
˼ûбѵĶһֱڹ۲û¶κ
ﲻԾ󣬾һֱ˼⡣
ô֪ģȻڵһǾ˾ֵţֻ˵пܳ()ϸ
ԴºһֱϸĶŰ˼ʢغ۲죬Ҳ˲ŷ񲻶ԡ
ֻһȷͽˣҲšŴ˵
ζЦЦȻֻ㣬ȷʵȫ˵ʲôټʣҶ϶⡣
ʣɫ˱䣬Ȼˣҩԡʱ򿴳𣿡
ҺӴ֮ͷ()ϵ()أͨȷ()ʣֻǱ˷ӡˡҲûӡ
ԳЦЦҲҵı¶йˣ
()

1025.1025 ̫öԸ

1025 ̫öԸ
æҩԡһҪӴϤͼѣҲɾ衣
һ棬ҲΪ˸ˣ͵͵Ľҩԡҩݣ͵רŵҩʦʦо
û뵽ȴױ¶Լʡ
()ϵʷӡܸ߼ôģҾʣҲ֤Һ()ϸйذҲһ㡣
˵⣬ʢصҲ⡣
ΪǶǶ¯ʣһ֣ûв´ĻӦҲ㸸װɡ֮ǰ;ʸһʶĸо
ղΪǸ̲סһ¾뵽˽ҲΪʲôʶˡ
žžһ𾪣Ȼû뵽ֻΪʺһͲ³()ݣȴڴʱ˹ơ
ʣ治ǹϵһѧӾôã˼ôϸ塣
ϧĿţȥ߼̫ϧˡ
лл佱ҽ϶ȥ߼򣬲Ͳͷˡ̵ЦЦ
ȥ߼ʲô֮׵ľǸܣֲɵ
˵Ҫ(i)Ҳûб뷨
Ϊߵˣ͵Ȼ㷢()ϸ˽µľ֣ô
Ҫڵ֮ǰϵһż߹֧Ԯһɵһ㷢һȴˣôֻеͱץ·ˡЦ
Ŷڰ֣βǶ̫ˣȥɡ
һ͵Ϯʧܣ͵ϮڶΣƾʵǶ֡
һʮֵĲģôԵףԭΪ¶()ݺ´󹦣û뵽ȴ
ȴΥ׵ǣ
ת()źȥ֮ǰӺվһ
־ܣԳżߵʵ()ϵװ⿪ˡ
ʻŻ׵ͽһս
վס˸£ǲǻк֣
ԭҪȥԽѵ£֪ߵغСӣȴĪһ˵ĲԾо
һСʻ괬ԭͷ
Сĵģɵðһ䡰Ϻꡱ
һȻʡ͵ĵƣʵǿ̫öԸ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1026.1026 صû湻

1026 صû湻
ʻŻ׶һ䣬ܿһµ󣬱Դչ¶˳
֣ԭĺΪܹסǣ
۾ʲô;ʹɣòҴţҪûǾֻиˡ
ǹĪĲøоԽԽŨթһթǡ
Ȼֱ˵ҲͲҴˣԭ˺Ⱥƾ˳
ҳһ򣬺ֽܿͬڵȫס
״ҲǾż
ƾȻأ
ϵɢȥſɵչ¶
Ƶۣɴ۾صû湻ġ
Ƶ۶ܵȼ߼ȴɢžżϢƭ˰
ƾüһ治ء
߹ȥӳ죬׷ĸλ
󷨲õĻʣ̫ˣҪΪż֧ţĻ׾ܺ俪ƾżӡ
ߣΪǾżҾͻ㣿һ󷨼Ȼôʣб¾ֱƵ
ǱȽĵģһѾҵĴУüżߺ;żǿޡ
ƾһǳ̵ĻȣҲֻ㵱
漴˶ƣ
һ£İӶԭעɢ
˲丱µһ鿪Ϊޡ
ˣƾص
ľô죡
ֻ˹(qng)ƵҪҪô̬ô̵ʱ侹Ȼ󷨡
ҲߣȻʣȴܿ϶
ƾҲ񶨣һܣ־ܣ
ЦһͬΪżƾʲôΪһ־ܣǱץ
Ǿ԰ɡ
ƾú£˫ֱ任£İ볯ŸȥǰңγһΧ
ҲƾҪˣӭȥ
˺ܿսһţ˲󷨵ֶΡ
ƾȴȵѹŸǱ()ս϶ʤһ
״ɫ()ĸǱص()ӣƾһУȻתͷӡ
ƾԥ׷ȥ
ʧˣӻ֪˸ܲץһ
ӸղŹս(qng)ȻûƾǿʵȴҪ߳١
()

1027.1027 Ҳ̫ţ

1027 Ҳ̫ţ
ԼҸһһš
ȻˣҸһܽץģİɡЦ˵
ʢ̲סҲ̫ţˣ
Ҳû뵽Ƶ۵ʵȻѾ˾żνôǿ
Ƶ۵࣬츳ʵȴô˱˰
ЦŵҸ˫ss츳Ȼţˣ
粻׼츳ҪعǱߵע⡣
ҲŻôֱӵ˵
ʲôƵ˫ss츳ʢصɴ۾һŵģ
ʲôʱss츳ôֵǮˣҪһûУҪһ½ðsνŻô졭
˼Ҳ¶ȵɫѹôͽżˣҲǺȥ츳
ţȥġҲûأϾǰǲ츳˫sġ
ˣ˼̾
ʢҲͷ̫ˣ
ƵҲǷóҩ츳𣿡ʡ
ЦҪǿԼġ
ƵĵҩȼԱĵȼǺܸߣֻ˴ãܹ˫ss츳()츳ʡ
ǵģҲʣʣ󷨣ǶҪȱ˿Ϻܶࡣ
ĽʢЦŸ̾
ûãƾѾȥǱѵĸ˻
һӣ뿪ɡ
磬Цӯӯ˵
ƾüȾһЦ⣬Ҳġ
Щô죿ָָˡ
ƾս˷Ϣǹɨβɡ
ҵ޷Ƶģǵ˵һ̴򿪵ķһ䡣
ͷã
Ǽ˾ʾ£Ÿ뿪
ˣҲбѺʵĺӣȴûڵңһоңʱս˹Ҳֱҵ
߳Уһηɴǰ
ȥƾ˽˷ɴ
ʢغͰ˼һҸķɴ˵
ãʢҲûѡ
˷ɴƾӵһ࣬˼ȡ
ȥŷѶǱӺҲȥɡƾն﷢һλø
Ѿ֪ͨԽҲȥһˣһѶ
ƾ֪ץסǿ˵ش󣬻ǵ˵Ѷá
()

1028.1028 

1028 
ҲȽͬԼҸ
ҲǸͷְָԷһϢ
ϢﻹһȥʰǿǵĲо֣˳()ϸ(qng)֪
߻صĶܿ죬𸴻ǰǿŷǡ
ͬˣٶȸȥǡŵѾԵĸ磬ʲôʱ
Ѿ󷨷ӡ;ʱڲѵġƾص
Ǹа취һݵĿƾ
ˣ
ƾЦͷԣ
̸ͶʢغͰ˼𶼾£Ȼû뵽˹ϵôãü䶼ûʲô𣬸ͨøоá
ȥϢһָ£ҪҲҸϢղź͸ƾһЩҪȥһΪپ
Ҳо˳ԼҸãȥɣǻġ
ƾ˵ͷ()ȥϢҡ
ʢؿűǱԵĸѾ֪Ҫʲôݴʱ(qng)ˡ
Ǿżߣôͱܣ˵Ƶ۵ʵˡ
Ƶæ𣿡ʢЦʡ
Ƶ۲ܳǿǵû(ͦͦ)
ЦЦǰǰʱܾûΣ֡˸ϸϣһǸ(jn)ƵľżߣҲ()ϸԾûи֪ӣҸ統Ԯ
ǲɣʡ
˼Цҡҡͷ⣬ôǶԵģ϶ץѵĿ()ܴ󡣡
λܾͨ󷨣ʵȥҲͨľżǿ߾ɾż߹Ҳ޼¡
ƵһŰԷŰһ
ʢЦ˵Ȼ⣬Ҳ㣬Ǽ˽׵Ҫɽ
漴ɫ˳û뵽ȻǸŮе()ϸ
ҪʶԷҲûб¶˵ǼΣ
ЦҲ˼֣һʼҲû뵽()ϸƽıֻ(ͦͦ)͵ģϧͬΪı
Ҳ֪ˣ˻ж١ʢ̾˿
ѹֺܶľߣ׾ͱй¶˳ȥǴҲǵ̫ƻصĺ
ܹμѡεˣɸѡüģɻ˽֪жˡ
2350~
()

1029.1029 ֪Ҫ˵ʲô

1029 ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
ʢô˵Ͱ˼Ҳ¶֮ɫ
ҪֹۣץˣѶ֮ǿ˵ĶӣҲᱩ¶һ󲿷ֵġ
ܹλãһ֪Ķ϶١
ʢҲֻҰοֻҪ¶ǵİ϶ܴ󡣡
Ѷ취𣿡ʢؿȷʡ
ѶҪþʩѹУֻȴǾż
ҡҡͷûã߳ҵľѹƲġ
ʹѶǰǶԷʵ;ܱߡ
ʢؼЩʧǺѶʲô
ЩСͶôӲִӲ
ȴ㣬ҵķûãҸ϶а취ѶģҲ߲һѶˡ
⣬ʶʮֵӴܹ͵ȼͬȼ֮˵ļ䡣
ֻҪ(qng)߽ɵᶯá
ڸ˾ͲýЩԭ
ô˵ʢؼ˿
һ󣬷ɴִǿŷǡ
ĿϡֲͶĿܱСԻʲôôǷ˿ΪԴǣֿ()ҲǼСġ
ɴڷǵ룬ӴӿȥһƬѩããҲȻ½һٶȡ
ڹŵʱںܿ£һٶȾඳȴΪиָ߿ƼܵĴڣļʺܵ͡
ķȫûõģƽҲ˹ѶǱȽϲġ
ǵķɴִһСʱ󣬷Ӻͱķɴ
˷ɴ(r)衣
ûиãԽҲ½ִ
˶ֻ˼û𱾹֮˵ע⡣
Ҳ(r)裬˿ŻڻԵĸ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
ʱֻһͬ뷨Ƶţ
˵ƾҲòˣӷ˳
Ӻ綼()ЦкƵۣ
ԽɳϣŶȿƾ()һȻ֮ǰˣųء
ƾҲ̬ȣЦźͷӡ˴к
ƤˣߵԽ()ߵĿλ£ĿڶԷŻƵϡ
ԽԾĽŵȷ£漴뵽ֲһߣҡ
()

1030.1030 

1030 
ƾͷ
ʵ㣬̸¡
Խ˵ﲻʵˣϿ̸(qng)ɶˡ
ƾʧЦǣСǴæˡ
ɫŷӺǹҪҪһѶ˵ĸϢһҲƶĶԵмƻ
ûֻ˿ȥ󣬲֪ƵǲʲôֶΣŵЦʡ
ҲҪѶҪ鷳Ƶˡ
λ˸ʵ̹ˡ
ƾ׵Ȼǲ⣬ҾʹһķѶˡ
ַֻʹ꣬λɵӻֲˡ
ЦûϵֻҪ֪ϢɵӺֲҲǻá
ҲûԽҲ֪ƾֶΣҪֻһˣ̲Ҫ
ƾѯʹ˵վ()ߵ()߶¡
Ȼ֮ڸ()ϣӳһ󷨣һ
漴˾ͼһڸС˴()ﱻ˳
ƾ˫ֲϵĽӡ任С˵ڡ
ܿС˾ͱ˰ɫСƾִ뼸󷨽ӡ˵㡣
˾۾һĻˣֻСתһͶӰʼӳŸļ䡣
ԼԽ㶵ʡ
ƾͷҽļ˳ʹ󷨵ʽǶܿ
㲻ˣԽͷӵĿƾһ
һֱǸ̬Ȼܽżߵļ
ƾЦлл佱
ĿصͶӰϣʱĶָҪĵطȫˣڳһһ㶵ģðŽʵ
ѶҲ̫߶ˣǲа
һۿСʱļȫꡣ
Ӳɵø̾ǶƵۣҪѶһԵٵҪ
ط˸һļ䣬ҪǶˣҲ˲֮ǰȫû뵽Ķ
Ҳ̲סǰû뵽˾ȻԸ߼ԭǸbossǸӰˡ
֮ǰȻҪץסȴһֱڲ²˭Ǹ˵˿϶еҪܣ˭ȻôĳԤϡ
쿴ĸ䣬˶𾪲ѣҲͬʱһƵˣȻǲ֪ҪѶٹȥأʵһֻ㡣
()

1031.1031 γֲһλ

1031 γֲһλ
ļȫǸСҲ׵ʧ
ʧˣǲǾͲٷˣʡ
ƾͷļֻһζȡĻᣬ֮ͻԶʧ
ԽٷҲûϵǶˣھҪô˵ʱڰɡ
֡漴ƾ˵
ӺҲⷴԣƵ۾ְɡ
ƾûн(qng)ƴǣУҾܽ¸ղſļؼ⣬()
ȣ˵()Ѿȷٵ۹һҸ߲㣬ˣһ
ã¾鷳ƵˣȻᷴԣϾٵ۹ˡ
ƾ˵Ǹ˵ѵ㣬ѾȫԺҲȻǶдһݳٺ˶£ȥ֮ͿԿʼʵеټƻˣЩصĶӺ()ϸҲȫγ
ãҲġǸ˵ʵȨߣȻ֪еѵ㡣
ǿ˰()ϸͶӣҲӶԷļȫ
Щ˷չߣʱץˣⲻҪĶ
㣬Ҳܴγˡ
ƾŻһתɴļǵΣûнˡ
ǵչԽԽƺͳ죬˶ԴԴǣⶼǸ߼ҪӶġ
ÿ궼ϱϢļ䣬һܵĴѾƬҪɳսŴԽڶӶǡ
Ҫյ⡣
ӺɫصҲһ㣬Ӹļǿ˸ߵһЩɽһǣʮ߶٣Ƭȷʵ˵ʵ
Ǳ߻ʲô߼׺͸ߵܻףⶼδżδģĻҪܶࡣ
ļһֻ߼׾Ϳɱһʮߡ
ҲǸ߼ļֻҪɳܸ߼׻߸߼ܻףһ֧սţƬܱơ
ҲǰδеΣ
ֻǸһϵʱͱ͵Ƭ򣬶Ը߼ļ䲢Ǻܶͺǵǿͷչ̶ȾԳǵ󡣡
ƾ˶ٹΪȻ˵һֵ֮Σγֲһλ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1032.1032 Ҳһֲϵ

1032 Ҳһֲϵ
ƾô˵˶˼
֮ǰƾͶ͸¶Ͽ콫۹(qng)꣬״˸˼
(qng)Ƕϸ߼ˣ
˵ʵ粢Ȩ()ӣЩŬȥȨҲΪ˺úôȥΪĸ󱨳
ڼ̺ӣѾúܲˣҲֻܸܿɿſҪ뿪ȥ߼Ҳûʲôǣҵġ
֪Լϱ϶ҪŴ˸СߵģʵԸ߼Ҳһֺڴ
׼ͣ˭֪ȿһ
ʹ˸뷨һµģǿڵȷʵһֻȻ֯սӶǣʵҲһ֧ǰѧϰǵĸ߿ƼֹǸ彫쵽Ƭ
Ȼ̧ͷͼ˸¶οɫﰵһһ̫ˣѹִ˸һֱ˳ۣҲһֲϵ
ҲôģҪһ֧ǰ߼Ķ飬Ը۹ǰҲæ̬
ӵ֪ԼҶ뷨û뵽Ҫȥ
ȥˣ۹ô죿ʡ
ƾ磬ӵ̬Ȼ(ͦͦ)õģϾˣһĸ磬һǽҲǰԼˡ
ҲһʵܿԵΡ
ǸܵܵĸҲǱ̺ģλ֮ҲԲǺùܷˡ
ƾҲڵҲһ
㶣Ҳ˼̳ˣ
ƾЦҲһԼ̳лλĵܵܡ
˶ô˵ˣҲܷԣֻ۹ٵ۹ƻᶯ(())£ҲǴ¡
ҺҲȥŵ
ȥ߼ˣһ
˼ʢҲ()׷׵Ҳȥ
ǿ˼룬һԽҲʾ
֪Щ˶Ƚг徢Ҫɳһǰ߼ԣѡ¾
ӸļѾҵǰ߼ķ
˵ܹܲԾռڵ㴩Խڶķɴȫϵܸߣȫ̵ĶλʱԳֳɵķɴǰ
Ҫǵľȥѡ⣬Σպͻ棬ܶ˿϶Ըȥģѡȴ⣬ϾǹϵĽۺ϶෽ؿǲС
()

1033.1033 һܵ

1033 һܵ
Ҷͬ⡣
ƾ˵Ǿ͸Իȥóһ³̣ÿѡ˳һǰ߼öǱȽ츳˲š
ѡһЩҩסȽ츳һҲܽԷȽȽĶѧ̫ױ¶
ܵȼ̫ߵľսɣǻǵ׼
ҲǷӼģĽܺѧϰû˸ߣ̫߼עⱩ¶()ݣλͲȥǰվɡ
УǾͻȥѡ˳Ȼŵһһʱļѵѡʱø˵ķɴǰ߼򡣡İ
ã
̶ýδ˸˺󣬾׼뿪ع
ƾеһ˵
ҴǸļ￴߼ûߵģȴѧϰĶҲ˲Żռ
һǸ߼ֻ(yn)ߴڣӽʱص㽫ϰɡĳ˵
ͷҲһ㣬Ҳ콫ŲڵΪתΪżܰɣʮܾ֮Ͳˡ
ţ㷢Ϣ˵µġ
ƾɫͳЦż˵ܿþͿһˣ˵ҵһԲ
ҲЦ˵ţһž۵ġ
ͷ弸˷ӵķɴƾҲ뿪
ص۶󣬷ũ
ûлؼңǻذ칫ңսĸ߲ᡣ
ƾҲһ
ܿ죬Լǿչһϴи˵()ϸͶȫһʱ˳
ǣ˵ļҲյԼͱһЩȨؼҡ
үû뵽ж͸ϵҹһжԸ˼֪Ϣûûȥ
ҲˣŷְؼһҪ˼ܷչ
ϧûô˼ԺΪ幱ף˼һҵ˳˼̳λõѡΡ
үȻϣɰ˼Ѿˣԡ
ؼ˸˲ˣүӺͰ˼ĸĸȴð
ϧһ˼ѾƿصĶ
˴ƬҸ߼ɴҲƾ
ǿ˵ĸ߲㣬Ҳѡǰ߼Ա
()

1034.1034 լϢ

1034 լϢ
߾һִܵȷѡ
ѡһЩ飬и߲ss츳Ҫȥ˳¾̫ϧˡ
ĸ߲㶼Ϊô츳ȥȻѧϰ
˲ֻ츳õģҩʦͻʦҲǶʦѡϵһơ
ʢûѡϣʢѡˣսĴ()Ҳһʦ
˼ǷƼģսźߵĴ()һָӹ١
ǰ߼ѧϰȽָҲҪҪпսһ죬ҲǺܴġ
Ǳͷ죬ӦԸΣպڻܸߣ()һħʦҲѡˡ
ѡ֮߸һµʱȥ˽Ȼѡ˻ѵ
Ҳʱ佫ũС˽˹ݡֲǺͻױƷ˾úðһ
ֺ()()˴һкȴû˵Ҫȥ߼򣬶˵ҪȥִһսҪȥһʱ䣬һϣǲõġ
ҲǿԼõģй¶Щǰ߼(qng)и˵ĲϵǱй¶ȥ
죬ǰ
뵽Ϊһ衣
£Цʡ
Ų豭Сѣ֮ǰҰæ(qng)Ϣˡ
۾һҵլҵˣ
֮ǰǷһ(qng)ȥöԷæѰҵլ
һֱΪĹҽĸ׸ģûлɣܾĵİæѰլ
ѰңҲ
լµλãùһ(jn)ƣҵҲ޷룬ҪԼȥ׼ȷλáն˽һλ
ҵ˴ϢլŲٵıֲػߣȥʱע㡣һ䡣
˿ĶλЦ˵ãһעģлˣ
Сѿʣ˵СҪһʱ䣬֪ҩܼΪṩ𣿡
ȽϱܣҲڼûҩ͸ǡ
漴һתһƳһҩǽףҲάһöȣ㷮Էġ
ԭʧ⻰ʱ˲ѣСܵ˾鷳ˡ
()

1035.1035 ǰ

1035 ǰ
ũһ뿪
ڶһ磬ͷ忪ȥ˷Ķλط
۶һȽƫԶĳн⣬һƬĵأΪʱֱֲͱޣ˾ǲ
űһ㱡ӲľĵطŵǰѹԿײ¡
ҵլˡȷ˵
֣һȥ
ߵĵطܿӵٵıֲ﹥
Ϊзͷһֱž֮ģ˺ܿͱܿˡ
ûħѹЩֲеĹҩףָһѪ档
˲Կ˸һɫĹâзɳֱɽ˱֮С
Ƭ̺ܵıɢȥЩֲҲ˻ȥһլǰ
ߣȥŷ߽˹լ
լݻʮֵļףڷһЩŵʱڵĴŻ
תһȦоԿ׵ǣɹҵҵҡ
ֻһöһɫɢһ˸ߵľ䡣
߹ȥͷ϶ȡݡ
ҵʷԼļֵ
ǿҵĴУ߹ȥͬһѪ档
˲ǿΪһɫĹ㣬üġ
ͷ˵һϥʼʼܴС
һ֮۾ҵĴҲ
Ӵ֪Ҳ壬ȴĹҽ塣
ﲻкܶҽĶһѧģڹŵʱڷˮʦҡ
ΪѪĵ̾ôѾõòˣľС
()ȥľ䣬Ųٸ߼ҩĵӣĸ߼ҩġ
ȥڵλǰͷλģһὫҵĹҽģǶԵõеıͳŵ
ҲǴҪġ
ŵһ΢紵汲ǹִҲɢ
¹رգͷ뿪˹լ
ȥ֮û͵Լʱ䣬ǿ˵ʮ˺ֻǿ޻ûˣһһŷǼѵҪҲΪôܹӦԽ涴
һѵ˰ʱ䣬ƾ账ȨĽӣ˻ȥǿ˵ĵһҩ˾һ׹˾ȣѧϰƬЩȽǰص֪ʶһ˴Ӹܲҵһҷɴ
һұƾ˴ƷռҲΪ˷ֹ;г⣬֤˳ִ߼
žԽԽĿռڵڶһֶδ֪ڴ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~һ¿ʼдµͼݶ׼ˣȫǼ·ߣҪϸ˼¾(qng)һٳܶ~~
()

1036.1036 б

1036 б
ѡһǰ߼츳ʵ͡
ƾ⣬˵츳˫sܵȼ͵Ҳ
˴ԽڶԾռڵʱȻҶӦ()ҲвĵطⲢء
ȷɴٴγֹʱѾǵڶϡ
ԾʱͲ̫˺ܵ
߽ȥıְ˰
漴ż־ϲ㣬㻳ˣ
课˾ʲôһˣˣ
һˣûо𣿡ڣ˳ȥ
诲Ծӣһʱ䶼æżѵҲûʲôﷴӦԲ֪
֮ǰԾռԱӰ𣿡漴ĵʡ
ʱ䣬治֪ǺǻҪ㷢֣϶ġ
Ҫܹҵ裬һžˡ
ϸΪһ飬ٻеӰģСԾʱܷϢԷ˱Ծ̥ӰڿԿƵķΧ
̲ҩŸԳԾͺˡԼҽСǱȽӵġ
˿ͺãѹСԾռ˯ߣԭǱʹˡ
ţС򱦱ǾҪסˡҲȽҽз˱衣
߻ص翴ϱһ԰׵ģʮۺ͵ǣ߹һ߷ס诣ôˣõ𣿡
һִֻĸ첲ϣ˿Ц⣬õˣҸղﷴӦ
ɴ۾ʲôﷴӦ
漴Ͼǿϲɫ˼Ҫְˣ
ţҪְˡϲﻹǱȽϸ˵ġ
СĵĽ请£ղŴԽԾԱӰ𣿡
ЦŻصѾæˣԾԱӰ첻Ǻܴ󣬳Լҩžͺˡ
ϵЦݷ˼֣Ǿͺá
(i)Ůӵһ(i)(qng)ĽᾧĻǼڴġ
Ҫ֮ǰϱˣԼˡ
һҪչ˺ϱͱҲҽСҲˣܷļ֡
ƾ读ˣһ漴Ҳ¶ϲɫƽúעϢ˸߼֮诵ǽ˳ȲùܣǾǡ
ãǰûҪӣɵ滳ˣһ˵ڴ
()

1037.1037 ѡ

1037 ѡ
ڳҲû뵽۹̫ȻˣȻ˾˸߼֮ϺȣǶûбֳ
ҷ׷׶诺繧ϲһ
Ͼ˶иͺ̲ҩţǸζڳ˶öˡ
ΪҲһ̲ѪͲҩţһŹ񫡣
ʱǾڹ̶߽ʻһ·ϻȽ˳
º󣬷ɴϵĵѣʽ뵽˸߼ڵ
ƾԶɵӴ򣬿ڵǵõϢ߼Ϊ򡢱ǵĵ۶ǣξģڻʺȥ
ȽϷû()ݺնˣԾûôͱѡһŵذɡ
֮ǰ˼ѵչڸ߼(qng)ȫ˽һ顣
ļ䣬ǵĴ壬ǹȥ¶ķձȽϴҾҪȥǰɡ
Ҳ˼ƾЦ
ҲûзԣҪĻŪһ()ݺնˡ
Ϊɴ趨һƶǵ·ߣִ
ǺûרͣɴĵطһĽƽ½
ͣһƾɴҵһʱ뿪
Ǹ뿪ûãǵһѲСӾ͸ϵ
̽鵽ɴ½ķΧôûп
ˣǲϵͳˣ
ûܣϵϵͳѾ˺öûл֮ǰ̽
зɴͣĺۼɴ᲻ᱻ
ɣܹɷɴĿռ䴢Ʒö󰡣
汻ˣӵôĿռ䴢Ʒ()ݾԲ򵥣˵Ĵ壬ǲȥ鷳
ԣȥ˵ϵͳˣûʲôɴĺۼ
ǣ
ǵĴ壬Щӵ˺η壬һˣûǵĺùӳԡ
ǱȽƶ񤣬סŵĴƶҲûʲôͼģǼװһˡ
Ѳ߶ӵߺƾ˲ŴһԶɭ뿪
ǵķϸѡˡ
ͷųȥľջأЩѲ߶ӵʵҲߣϹû̫߼ߡ
()

1038.1038 Ͳ̫

1038 Ͳ̫
Ľ˵ٺòˡ
ƾһһ˵һУȻÿɳһǰ̽Ϣʱٻһ¡
һܽȥ±¶()ݣֻһĽȥ˹ֲģȽס
Ȼû飬׷׵ͷã
ƾóһϵͳʼĳ
ʱרŵĿԱݷɴϵĵװġ
ԼһСʱһС
ÿɳһȥ̽ϢȥǱ()ΪͷģⷽľҲḻ
ƾҲɳ˴̽ϢͶİӦȽó˳ȥ
ڳµȴ
ռװ˲ٵĶɳʲôģóýʵ¡
Ҳմ⡣
ȥ˲һģ½ǡ
ǿŵģսŵʿسţ˽ȥĶȽ˳
һȾǼСʱ˲½ӳл
۵һƾڵǴ̽Ϣһ˵ɡ
ȵǱȽңסľ󲿷˶ƶ񣬺ڻҲ١һºУֻҪ㹻ԴʯһöҾס()Լնˡ
ûնҪǾסѣֻҪǱҺԴʯĲϡ
ߵȼߵǰ˼סһУǵĳУҪСǷŪ()ݺն˺ȥ
ˣԴʯһֻcµĶûãûǱֵǮԼʮһҲǹͬĶǱһcԴʯͿˣҪʮС
ԴʯҲڲ֣׵ĻһǱΪ
ͷҪϢȫ̽ˡ
˲һЩ
вٵĺڻضⷿס()֤
ĿƼǱȽ࣬ҿ̵õĻ˹Ҫûġ
ﻹҩͶ꣬ȥȼƷҲǱȽ
ҿҩͶѧͽģҲԡ
˲̽ϢƾڵǾȽǣȥ()֤ĵطⷿס£Ȼÿһʱȥ()ݺնˣͲ̫ˡ
ҶûƾΪģϾ()ݺʵߡ
2350~
()

1039.1039 ûȰ

1039 ûȰ
ҷΪˣÿһʱ˳ǡ
Űձ̽鵽λãԼҹȥⷿӣǲӴװʶӡ
诡诺硢һҲʱʱ诵㡣
ƾٹֳˣ߱һԽǿҲֳ
߽С洦ɼǷĽֵҲȽ(r)֡
ǱȽƶģҲܿһǣɴ˿ɼߵ͵͵Ĳ࣬(ͦͦ)ġ
ܹ()ն⵽ķӣһƬִд֣ҲʮԢ
ľסһ㣬˿ŴȷʵǺܸ֡
ҵһн飬һcԴʯһһĹԢ(to)䣬۸Сжһ(to)СԢˣԿ۲ˡ
ȻҪԹԢҪǴķӾͻȽϱˣȴҡ
˹ԢٺúȸҩţϢŷһȥ˹䡣
˺ܶ࣬Ļһһ̳ǡ
˽ȥ˿Ļ߼ȼԱȽϽϵ͵ģóһܺͷǼܵȼ࣬һЩ()ܻơ
Ҳܿ˼ҵĻˮƽҪ̫߳ࡣ
ΪСΨһĻ̳ǣ׵ļ۸Ҳǲ˵ģcԴʯ򲻵ҪdԴʯС
䣬ȥеҩͶ꿴˿Ʒʵȼȷʵͣ۸Ҳˡ
ȥһ˳У߼ԭʳıȽϷḻкܶûмͳԹĲˡ
곬УȥһȥĲ
õӵͣ˵ϵƷ(ͦͦ)ģ˵һ
ûдλãȫǰ䣬˵ҲȽϷ㡣
þ̽һ飬ְûаװϵͳſڵ֮ǰ˽ĸ߼Ƚ
⻹ֻһƶǣҪϿƼˮƽԸߺܶࡣ
ͷ۵ĵͼףǱߵĸ߼ףҩͶҲһƬֳԭʳģҿҲȱûȰ
һ˿ʣҶ֮ǰ(qng)ĸ߼׺ͳܻף(ͦͦ)ģϧûС
ܿ죬˷ԱǵĲ˶
ͷ峢˳ζЩԭĲζúܶ࣬õıȽϳ֡
Ȼû˽˹ݵζôãֻСǵһҲҪϵĲʮ**ζ˽˹ݵѷɫ
Ҳ˵߼ʳĻ͡
()

1040.1040 ˵Ǻ

1040 ˵Ǻ
˵ĲˣҲҪʳĴ㡣
ѾܵˣĿ̺Ũȱ֮ǰҪ߳٣ûЩкʣʳıȽϺãûбӰڸС
ߵƷֲ̫ͬħֲģƬûУ⵹һơ
һ߳һ˵׹ܿصҲϸȻ˼һ׹˾¢ϣûеʵļҲ϶˻׹˾
ʳǲʺ֣ԿôҩͶ췽һˡ
ҲüѵĵʱǽƬЩĶѧòˣ㲻ƣȴ˻
ͷҲôģ߼ܱиѻ졣
ҲԴʯͬģ涼ѡ̯̯֡
ЦǴԴʯȻ٣ɽҲ˶ã̫ˣ취ǮС
һȥŪ()ݺնˣ۸Ҳ϶ܹ󣬲ȻСҲܻôڻ
Щڻǲһ˵һЩǻ߰͵ɹģûͨ;()ݲǳϣںڻ
Ĵڣ˵Ǻ¡
ǿ϶ģư()ݺն˾͵ûһʣֻҪɹǼŪնˣǶƬи˽⡣ǱȽֹ۵()ӣͷȻֱܻӭжġ
Ҳǲ뷨ţǾȥа()ݺն˰ɡ
֮ǰǼȥ졣
˹һȦ˸˽⣬Էͻȥˡ
ȥ󽫿ܽϢˣҲհǰ˺()ӣǶԴʯĺ˵һλ
ڶһȥĺλá
ﵹǿԴ򳵻ûն˺Ǳңû취ʹá
Դʯ򳵺׵Ҫɱϵԩͷ
˽һСʱ˲ŵС
ĺûڵ£γһ֡
ȥ֮һȥʮ꣬һȺм˳
λ˿ӱȽǵһаɣҶϤ˵ܰæƤڿȥһʵ۾ȴȽ鶯˵Ǹġ
Ҳ֪Ǻ͵ĴڣܿȥҪѣ׬ȡ·ѣпܴӵõһЩɡ
()

1041.1041 

1041 
ڵһϤе˵˻õġ
˾ûоܾ꣬ǸյСǣȷʵǵһĺУ鷳ˡ
Щ˵ǲСǵԭסױǾûڵġ
Цݲ˼֣鷳֪λҪʲôأҪʲô
ƷֺȫֵĵطҲܶ࣬ҶϤ
Աߣ˵аæ()ݺն˵ĵط֪𣿡
΢΢£û뵽˾ȻҪ()ݺնˣòʿɲǺڻĴء
Ǵˣ̽ͻ**Ц˵֪רΪ˰()ݺն˵Ĺ˾
һҰ()ݶ÷ţס֣רŵĲ鶼⣬ֻǼ۸ȽϹ󡣡
һҰ()ԱȽ⣬ֻǺ͸ļûʲô⣬Ҫ뿪ܾ;סˣ۸ȵһұ˺ܶࡣ
Цʣ֪λҪ֣
һҾסģȥɡԥ˵
۾Ц˵λӦ֪ҵְҵҸǴ·ۣܶҺ˵˵Ӷ۸񡣡
ӶķҪǱңcԴʯ
ϲȺͿ˵۸֮þףеֻ򷢡
⻰˶Щ
Ƕļ۸ԴʯǱ֮Ķһ
Ƕû뵽һcԴʯֵֻһǱңֵʮǱҵġ
óһԴʯӸ꣬û⣬ȸһ룬Ƚٸʣµһ顣
ЦӹԴʯѸǼλ
ϲԴʯ֧ĿˣȻcԴʯôֵǮȴôףֵֵռǱҸߡ
⼸ûն֧ǼҪ()ݺնˣһɡ
ƹ˼ֵߵһ¥ſڣȥ˵һ˻
Ҫҵ¥λȥɡ
ã
˸߹ȥݣʱԶһߺȥǱڵĺҲ˵ݡ
꿴ߺȻûǰкȴ¶˼ֹ֮ɫ׽ˡ
߳ݣҪұߣߺͱҲҪߵȡ
ɸ߳ȥͻȻ()һ԰׵İڵϡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1042.1042 ׻βΣ

1042 ׻βΣ
Ӽ״߷סһȥߵ·ڴһƿ
Ȼߵ磬ɲ¾ͣסˡ
鷳ˣˡɫ˱䡣
һɫҲһ䣬ô죿ȥҲˣСϿ϶ûô߼ҩ
ȥСûбõġ˶ЩˣҪү£Ҳˡ
ԭѾ߳ȥ˵ĶԻתͷ˿ߵɫѾʼ࣬
ȣ߹ȥҽڵ(qng)ΣٲεĻҪˡ
ڵ(qng)ȷʵΣգοܾͻĹ
ĻӶ㶣ͬʱ˿
Ҳ(qng)Ͼߵ()ݿɲͣͼ
(qng)ΣҪǲƣҾˣص
ò⣬һ˼һתС㣬鷳ԵƬȥȥ
֪Ҫȥʾˣĵͷã
()սߵȣܿͻˣɫ̫á
СأߵӼæʡ
ӻصС˵ȥˣҪСʱҲܻ
Ҹ绰Ҳûͨ̾˿
ʱ߿ȥҪ־м̧ͷ³֣Σ
Ҳû뵽ʹ꣬ಡЩأҩһָоǾҪˡ
ŮʲôĿģǹȥҽԺˣԣȻԼûб̫ϣ
˵õߵɣҽǾ鷳ˣ
ͷʵпŵĵط𣿡
ߵ(qng)Ҫʩ룬̫˲ʺϡ
˶ﻹȽ죬߱ŵԱߵһңñһɳͽ˷ƽ
߹ȥΪ߰˰ȻĹˡ
ҪΪģǽѵһ˵һߴӿռóһȸá
ʲôҩ裿ʲôȫˡ
Ϊóҽ豸ƣҲӦóһƿ߼ҩ˭뵽һ()ɫҩ裬ĸĪΪʲôҪ£
ҲǹˣƵֶΣ첻ˣñ𵢸飬׻βΣ
()

1043.1043 ôôأ

1043 ôôأ
ԭֶξ̫ˣЩڴӦˡ
ô˵볯߿ȥֻɫҰ׷࣬Щ鴤
Ҳ֪ҪǲȵĻүпܻ
Σ˶һۣҽһιҩһΪȥ¡
ó룬()ϵļ(Ѩxu)£϶ܹܿ滺Ĺ(qng)
ڼ(Ѩxu)λýҲ˿һһ㶵ġ
üβˣǱ˵ûûʱЩ
ںҲûˣֻܸɿţҲûʲôϣˣŵʱô
ԼʮӣͣĶΪ߰˰(qng)Ѿȶ
ֹʮӣߵĺȫƽȣŽεŵרƿ
(qng)ѾȶٹӾѹȥҽԺ¡˼Ҳʶ˵ԼΡ
ȥҽԺ飬ҲΪ˸յ㡣
ɫĻָѪɫҲô٣()ٳ鴤ȫˡ
Ϳˣ¾βˣôôأ
ʵǰүȥ(qng)ȷʵתˡ
ллһ˷ӦмЦ˵֪Сգܲһϵʽ
صģڻûնˣûϵʽ
ָָ̧ұߵȣҪȥء
ѾȹΣڣǾȸˣó()ݲ򵥣ˣû˵׼ҪҲ˲ȡ
ԷҪȻҵ
뱨Ҳ⣬Ҳǻܹ¡
֪ұרΪ˰()ݺն˵ĵط˶е¡
ƯҽȥʺܺãҽȻ죬òҲмˢӵģȻǸڻ
˵վ()ͷ뿪˷䡣
Ҳʱܲˣ뿴ߡ
ԼӺתѣųһڣȻɵĽ˱ȥҽԺ
ҲĴ£һǰ칫ҵĵط
һӣ̬ȲĮҲ(r)(qng)Ҫ()նˣ
Ȼ֮ǰѾȺͨˡ
صҪ()նˣ𣿡
ӵͷȻû⣬ҪһЩǼǣ°ɡ
()

1044.1044 Ѿֲ

1044 Ѿֲ
ºӴնϵһݱ
ʣҪʱ()նˣǳõģ
ش𣬡Ҫõģܹͨõģײ֡
ĿһۣЦЦ˵͵ߵ˰ɣ
һ򶨵ķʣʲô𣿡
ûʲô⣬궼ûͼ͵ɺڻŶһ䡣ڰ֡
˿ŴʣͲǰǺͻ͵ѳģȴǺڻֻпܴӵ͵͵ɹˡ
Ѿֲ֡
ô˵㶣˼ǻ͵˻͵ɹ
׼һꡣ
µǼǣҪ()ݣƶƽǼ֣۸Ҳǲͬġ
()ݶʵģеǼʱˣǶǣߵκǣǶǾסġ
˽һʣ鷳()ݵļ۸񡣡
ӿó˲ǲԴʯĵ˵ƶ()ˣʮcԴʯУһ׶ˣƶµ壬ߵﶼǻᱻӵġ
ֻǾסӰ첻̫ҪȥвСӰˣҹ˼ҶҪƶ񡣡
ƽ()ҪʮbԴʯ()Ȼ߹󣬳ȥߵҲᱻ𣬵ȴᱻӣҪҹûġ
Ǽ()ҪʮaԴʯȻû壬ϾҲ͹մ˵ߡȥ֮Ҳһ()ҹҪǿܽһЩ˾
ͶҪ()ݵĻҪѧԺҲбʸ񣬻оͻսŵĻᡣ
ˣƬȼ()ݻֺԣƽͲܱѧԺ𣿡
ѧԺƽܱģȽһѧԺһ㲻ƽ񡣡
츳ڵѹĵزƽнһѧԺҪȡСĳɳԼѧϰ(qng)Ȼǲеġ
ɹ壬СĹ壬ֻҪһѧԺСľѧϰ(qng)ǲģ()ݵ㹻Ӧ
Ҳǿڼ˲Щ((Ʊ))û˵ôࡣ
ȻҪǳҲ᲻٣ϣ()ݡ
2350~~
()

1045.1045 Ҳֻ

1045 Ҳֻ
˵ĺϸҲѡ
ǿƬ߼͵ѧȽ߿Ƽģ()ϵȻ⡣
ʮaԴʯǹףѹСǻôڻʵ()̫ˣƶ()ݶˡ
Ǵ˲ԴʯǿǱߣҲԸɳ˸һʽ
ʮaԴʯ˵ҲǼˣÿҲʹʮaԴʯbcȴĸ㡣
û취ǲ߼ԴʯƬaѾ߼ˣԴÿοaҲٵģһʮǸеˡ
翴˿ˣǾ()ݰɡ
Ҳֻ()ݲܷǽ£Ҳֻˡ
Ҳûԣã
Ӽ˾()ݣϵЦݶ˼֣Ȼ㣬()ȥܶ鷳ǲġ
ʣȷ()ݾסҪǳô죿
ǴĬϵģǸǵ()ݾʵдڵģǴ۸һЩϣ֤ס飬Ծǡ
ʮaԴʯһ()ݣҲȥͲˣġ
ӻһתҪ˴鷳߿ɾͲˣҲ()ݡ
Ҫ˵ãǵĹ˾ҲֻڱŵϺŵģȥǾͲʲôˡ
ȻֻҪ֤ûУóԷû˵ѡ
ǴʮaԴʯԷܿΪǰ()
Ȼ()Ǵڵģȴһǰ׺ˣֿѡ
˶ûиǽԭ֡
ԼһСʱң()һˣȻĸ³¯ն˻
ǵնˣҰǿͨ˹Ȩޣ߹ƱҲܹĴ
Ҳֻͨģ()ûŪģԺҪǵĴ壬öŵ㲻Ҫǡ
ЦŵǵնûǱңｻ׵ĻҪǱңǹ˾ҲӪһҵҵһcԴʯһǱңҪ𣿡
ǳ߹ɴƱȶҪǱҵģԴʯõķԽ١
۸ͳһģȥﻻһıһ䡣
ԴʯˣҲ㣬ÿ˶һǱұá
Ϊ˶һǱңҵ󣬻ȽϿĽͳš
()

1046.1046 ôأ

1046 ôأ
˽ȥ()ݣ걻档
ǳЦӭλͰ𣿡
ˡͷֵڳɡ
û⣬λ룡ǵ̬ȸ(r)(qng)˼֡
ҪǼλ߾˹˵ҽܲпܽӴλү
·ϣڶģղǰ()ݣ˵ʱе͵͵ɹ
֮ǰü˲ǺڻһͲ²ӦԵ͵
ûЦŻصǰߵгǧĵ͵򣬺ܶ඼ĸӹҪֻ͵ɣҲͳ˺ڻԶһ()ݡ
˼һתЦ֪Щ͵Ǹӹ𣿻ûг۵͵ܵ(qng)
ҲǺûרŽܵ(qng)Ҳ֪óն˵Ұʡ
ã
Ƭ̺ʵˣһר(qng)Ĺ˾Ƶ(qng)ۣҪȥ𣿡
ȥҲ˽һЩ͵ȻԺҪǱ¶ˣʹðһ¶
϶иļ壬ǿ()
귢ֽԼãͻˣЦžʹ˹ȥ
(qng)˾ܵ͵(qng)ֻ࣬һЩȽϻĴ½ܣ۸ˡ
ͬʱƬĴ½ܣԼܡ
һֻȥʮcԴʯ
ִ˹һȦԭҩȥо۸̫ˣǾʱˡ
䵽磬֧ʣµԴʯ뿪С
λȥΪնǱңǾ
صסһȦȻȥƾǵס
ʱÿ˸ԴһֻҪòǺԶܷϢֻͨѶ
ĶǹԢֻǹֿһ
ƾǽȥҲ½
αѡϵ˼սų()սѵԷǶǿģûעϡ
Ϻ˾ͽȥ()ݵ(qng)˵һ顣
Ž(qng)Ҳóʹҷ
()ݺնҲ̫ˣ֮()ϵaԴʯҲˡ
ǰ۸̫ˣѹôԸڻȥ򡣡
ü˶̲סԹǵܵȼܿҪõaԴʯڻȥ()ݣԺôأ
()

1047.1047 ͿԵı

1047 ͿԵı
ҲֻǱԹ£Ļǵ򣬲Ȼôȥ
ԽĿɳ˵ˣ˵ôûõģԴʯ˽׬ˣڻ()ݺն˸Ҫ
Цʣûʲô׬Ǯĺð취
Ů()һʱ裬֪׬ǮϺһ(to)
ʼ磬ڻûС
ԭҪʳķ⣬ﲻһԭʳƷֺܶڸҲû̫ơ
ģҵоһʱ֪ԼҲ룬ǿҪֿжġ
Ǵҵ˼ϾܷһǰѧϰȽļԼͼ鷳һж˶̫ۣӴĶͬģԵ÷ֿ¡
Խô˵̾˿ǰڻ治û죬()ٻһЩԴԴʯҲҪˡ
ЦЦԾ͸ƾ׬Ǯˣʱ䣬Ҿ£ȫ()ݺҪô죬ڱ򣬻ȥ򣿡
ԴʯҪķ꣬ȥʵɣڱͷ˵ٵ۹һ˵
۹һҲǰǣڱٿɡ
ǵҲûʱƣһԲӣǵѡȽϱء
ƾڵȻ͵˻Ṻ()ݣҲٹ˼ô࣬½ȥ()նˣȻͷжɣʱϵɡ
Ҳ׼һжְŵģ˭ѧٻĸãͿԵıˡ
ãҶͨˣҲиԵ뷨ͱ޳ɵġ
óµ(qng)ҿһ飬ȻѡһϸԺ()ݱ¶˵
Ҳ뱩¶磬Զǵĺܵ׷һ
ȻָԿһݹͱ(qng)ʡٻһǮȥ
(qng)˾(qng)(yn)ʶˣǲ(yn)תǿҲǹ֮ڵġ
һ£˷׷()Ⱥ뿪
ƾŵ诵Ǻúð̥˳ͽǼˡ
ҵ˼ûҪǶǱĲ̫Ҳû˼ǻǾȥǰɡ
ãҲ뷨
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~
()

1048.1048 Եѡ

1048 Եѡ
˻ص󣬸Ե¼նˣ
߼Ҳģնע֤()ݣɹĽȥˡ
ҲǸ()ݹ˾֮ĺڻܽ硣
ĸӷƣֻ˽˵ѵѧУȻһЩѧԺУ
ЩУҲרҵ(ͦͦ)ģ졢ҩ졢ħƵȫС
Ҳ̣ܿѧѲһĸߡ
ƽѧǽɵķñȹ廹ҪߣûƽǸϡ
һЩƶСǵĹϵĵ(ͦͦ)࣬Ͼǵ츳޷ȥЩѧԺıУУҲ
۸Ȼ󣬿ɽ̵ĵʦǱѧԺģֻǶһ𣬻ѧ涫
˵УҲѧԺ⿪˸ѧԺӶ룬ʦṩһ׬ƽ̨޷ȥʵѧԺϿǮѧ˫Ӯ
תһȦصעҲЩУˡ
У£Ȼϸ˿ϸܡ
һƷ꣬УϽܡ
õĻǵһѧԺʦ豸ǿģʵҲһģһѧ̫ˡ̾˿˵
ҲЩΣǰһaԴʯѧѣһĹصڿòôࡣ
ҲѹǿѧԺѧȫһϵĹͥǹġ
Ц˵ǿѡһ֧ѧԺһϣУʱԽҵתУԺǮȥǵһѧԺ
ǲ׼У̧ͷʡ
Цţ׼ҸղſҲӶţ׼ҸӶż룬ȻʵΪ
ȽóǼʻףЩУûлϵȫѧϰѧרҵΪʺ
˵ϱ˱ɽտɲǰ취һ׬ǱԴʯʵΪ
ƬӶоҪǼߵӶ()Ҳǲ͵ģܽӴһЩߴ˾Ҿʹⷽˡ
ﶼǸƾ棬ֻȰˣʸ̸
ҲѡһʺԼ·
Ƚ()ͷʾأãǽȥӶŻ죬ȥУ졣
ҪȥѧԺѧϰźȷ׬Ǯķ
()

1049.1049 

1049 
诵Ķӡ
̥
ȾһɫţȽ˳֮ȥ¡
ȻĴ⣬Ҳôʱ򣬵ǺڴģҲͲÿˡ
ҿйģȽʺң걦ҾȥץűȽȵѱȻóȥ
诱ȽóޣֻԼѱܰѱ
֪Ƚϲ֣ðʱǿҲȥץ
ţֻҪ()߾͹ˣõ֣ůůġ
ȻյʲôûУ֮һʱ(r)ҲܻȽϼ࣬㲻ڷֿˣն˵Ҫмɻ䡣
Ҳͬ뷨ͷڽϣţн͸()ߣã
诹˻·Ӧȳ硣
ͷϸѡѧԺȽϱ˵רҵ()̫ãۺ϶Ա֮ѡ˱һѧԺ
ȻһѧҲȽϹʮbԴʯһ꣬ԱǵĹ嶼аŻݣʦҲǱȽϲġ
ѧԺҲֻbԴʯֻסڱѡͽĸ㣬һЩŻߡ
ѡѧУҲԥֱӻԴʯȥ
ҩͻ࣬屨Ƕ࣬һ˶ʮbԴʯ
˿ռԴʯЦ˼죬ǴԴʯҪˡ
Ǿ͸Ŭȥ׬ɣÿ׬ĶǣЦ
һѣЦӯӯ˵Ĵ󣡡
ǣһ˹䣬˴µ˽⣬Ůٳòû˺ÿ
ô˵أǿȥȽʵûݵĺۼһ￡ŮʮΡ
粻ʵͶӰУÿ˶ʵһġ
ôãûз˭ݵġ
ѵԭʼʣҲ
˱ʱһڵĿѧ죬˿Բٵ°࣬ȳȥ׼
ڶ죬ӿռóʳģһٷʢͣƾ˽йһˣҲûȥ䣬ǺúϢһ졣
һ;ۻᣬҲʱɢﷹ˲ͬѡҲҪֿжˡ
()

1050.1050 

1050 
극˷׷뿪ȴ
诺֪Ҫ˵ͻԼķ䡣
ͷʣʲô㣿
ûǱ˱һѧԺУ׼ѧϰһʱ䣬ƽҵְ£Ȼһȥǿ
ŷʣأӦöд˰ɣ
ЦŻصϷʾ()ݶܴﵽҪұˣ׼սţʺҵĵط
ӱս߲˺ͽսţҲһֱսӣȥѧԺϿʲôģûʲôȤ
Լ´һȽϵ͵ȵʿҲһȥģҲܶսһЩ㹻ϸ˽⡣
ҲϲսѧԺҵ֮ҾҲ̤ˡʢյͺͱ࣬ϲ崳
˼ҿУһѧԺָӰȽϲ׼Ȼƽʱѧѧ
ûıҲǲܽսָӵģҲ˽սŵֻҪֵĺãܷӲܵʱ򡣡ǻսʿֻҪɱлͷһ
ܹͷʼʸкͳ徢Ǻܸ˵ġ
Ҳ֪˵ѡ񣬡һҲܻӦ֣ʱϵ
Ѿ˴˼ն˺ѣ¶ͨ߷Ϣ
˼Цŵͷţʱϵ
ָ˶ãǾϿǳͷˡ뿪Ц
ʧЦôףǻŬġ
̸һᣬ˾뿪ˣѾսţҪȥμѡΡ
һɹѡҲֱӽսţȻ뿪ǡ
˵Ͷսŵ˽ӦȻܱ̭ġ
ƾҲѡ˱һѧԺħ࣬Ƚó󷨺ƷܺרҵͬҲϵͳѧĺι̡
Ѿȿκ󣬹ƾһǰǡ
(r)
·ӦȽǿϢȥӶתơ
ͷɴڼһˢնˡ
ͻȻһӦ˶£˭ˣ
ҿ
¥µĿĻͼ֮ǰȵߣһŮӺվ¥£Ȼǹݷá
2350~
()

1051.1051 ߿һ

1051 ߿һ
תͷ˵һ
ȻݷãǾͿŰɡԷֱܹϾģԼ֮ǰĴŴʣ()Ӧò͡
֮ӦúǸ()ݵĹ˾йϵҪǺܼ򵥡
ãͷŴ򿪡
һ¥ſվŵķ壬һЦſڵݷС㣬֪𣿡
彫ſ۵λ˳ڵģλ
߼˽ţվ()Цŵ
ã߼ߵɳ£ðû£
ЦЦˣ
Ÿһ裬ҶﲢûУҲûкȲϰߣ򻨲裬嵭йɵĻ㡣
߽ӹ豭һڣƷһζ(ͦͦ)úȵġ
ζϲԱߵŮЦ˵
Ц㵷ĳĻƷϲͺã
Ů̧ͷһĸмС㣬ιݷҪҲҪлϴξ⹫Ķ(qng)
²ٹ˾ӵ绰ʱ⹫ѾȥҽԺ
ϵʱ⹫һ죬ݶȽƽȡ
ҽһĸ֮̾ǰʩȣ⹫ͻΣա
˵(qng)ȴûն˺룬ֻԼˡ
Ҳ˽Űݷá
Цұ()һҽͻȻˣȻȣλС㲻ÿ
ô˵(qng)ǼˣϣСܹһĻᡣŮĵĸм
׵˾ֻʣ⹫ˣҪţܲ˵ġ
˵Ǿ͸һƷðɡ
˵ǣ(qng)ȴҲ˸߿һۡ
˵ʱҲ治ǳ()ȥģȫΪԷһˡ
⣡Ů£Ȼû뵽᲻Ҫ(qng)ҪƷѡ
Цŷ˷ǣ֧ƷӦõġ
Ĭ˵ó()ܹݣҲʹеǣɺϾ
Ҳǳ()ģ̲ס߿һۡ
߼һ()ˣŮӼնˣתһʮaԴʯƷá
ǷǳˣϾҽƷҲôߡ
Ҳûоܾһ()ݲ򵥣ŵļֵ϶ǳԴʯġ
ЦŽ͵ſڣתط䡣
()

1052.1052 ֪鲻⣿

1052 ֪鲻⣿
ɳϡ
̧ͷЦʣת˶ƷѸ㣿
ʮaԴʯ֪һʮ()ݣøɡ߹ȥ()ߡ
§ϱѣһ־׬ʮaԴʯ
ʳʲô㲻͵ҽרΪβɣ࣬׬ĻࡣЦŽ顣
Ц֮ǰûΪƹҲңκùȻǸ⣬ҲǸᡣ
Ժҿġ
ûйҽûģͷҪҽ(qng)Ըβġ
εĳɹǿԸ˿׬ǮԼҲϲⷽ档
ţǽܻģĻر죡岢ûֱִ⣬ΪϱԼǮ᲻ˣܽ
ȻҲᵱСҪϱҪѧϰĶ켼ȻרŰ˽˶ƣȽо顣
(qng)ЦҲһڣҲܿġ
ڶУѧ׼ʱȥ硣
УǱһѧԺȫʵͶӰֻͶӰ˼ѧ¥ѧ
ҩͻϿʱǷֿģһϣһ磬պô
˲٣Ȼ㣬˵Ǯ˻(ͦͦ)ġ
ȥҩ౨ÿһھһ࣬ѧϰһʱ䣬ʮˡ
ֻǱʦһкָÿһУҩϵĽ̳Ӿ¿ˣʽϿΡ
Ҳһ(qng)ĶҲ磬ɢ˺һ硣
ǵѧϰÿ춼пΣһϢ죬ֱȥʵѧԺҪɺܶࡣ
Ϊ诵·ӦȽϴ϶ʺϻ֢״ĲˣǶûгȥԡ
սϣ
ȥžͼŮվſڡ
ģ𣿡ЦŶԷк
ȥ֮⹫̸̸ǶȻǮľ֮(qng)Ҫǵġ
ҲȽ϶Ե⹫ദ£ѡ
ͷɡ
ţӳ˳£
㽻ѣԽͰݷˣ֪鲻⣿()ӱȽֱӡ
()

1053.1053 Ե

1053 Ե
ż뿪ӣͲµܻš
ȴû뵽ԷôֱӴֵҪԼѡ
ﻹûѣܺ㽻ѣҵȻġԷֱӣҲȦӡ
ҿ϶Ϻ֪ԼԵ͵ģҲڡ
ϲˬֱ˴򽻵̫ˣ
ҪǲĻһԸɡ
Щ˼ǻ᲻ǣ
û£һỹҽͽ͵ѼңþҲǿԵģӡ󻹲ҲϲԷֱ()ӡ
ҾͲˣۣȻǽ(qng)()
æ
Ϊпˣˡ
Ҳ()߳ңȻȥһ
ʱҲ
ȽϺãԹʳ٣ǳļҳȴ޵ˡ
ĳ̫ˣǵһΪѣҵζ٣극ŲЦ˵
ѵóԵôʵĲ̫óˡ
ЦϲԾͺãпԷ
Ǹ(qng)ðҿҪ䷹һĳദԽԽͶԵ޼ĸо
ȽϺԵ诵()ܶθڡ
ӭͻȻ뵽ǹҪ뿪¶ֱǸ֮ɫ˼ǹҪȥǣʱҪȥǱߣԷɡ
Ҫȥǣ۾һ̫ˣҹҲҪȥҼҾסء
Щ⣬㲻ǸеĹ˾ϰࣿ
ǵùϵᵽС㣬Ӧþ
Ц˵֮ǰȷʵϰ࣬⹫Ҿ͵ûؼˡ
诿ģЦʣ㲻ҳߣ﹤İɣ
诣ⶼˣ
գգۣ֮ǰ嶯֮ҳߣȻǣ붯նǱңһݹ
ȻأԵ֡½ѻǺܸ˵ġ
ҿ϶û֪()ݣ֮ԴӦѣǳ()ġ
ദΧתЩνѣкôˣµʱһͶԶԶģû˼
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~
()

1054.1054 

1054 
֮ļ죬ʱ죬һȥ֡
ֹ죬ٴš
˿żɽ˵ҺҪˣ⹫˽˷ɴҾҪҪһ𣿡
ò׽Ȥ()ͶѣҪһȥ͸ˡ
⼸Ҳôȥǵ(qng)û뵽ͷ
ЦʣԭҲ⼸ȥȥǵķɴƱҪǺһĻ𣿡
Ц˵㣬ֻҺ⹫֮ǰʹˣһء
⹫ӡȽϺã˵һ𣬻(ͦͦ)ֵ֧ġ
ȻǾͲˡҲ(qng)
뿪ͽ¸˴硣
ƾûзԣʶٺòˣܱһĨںá
Ѿȥսţ⣬ǿ˵Ҳһսŵˡ
ûбսŵģҲ˸Եѡһ뿪
ЩԽȻҲμսţƬܶ࣬ǿҲУͻԡ
һȥʣµķ⣬˷ɴ
ѾڷɴϺϴ͵裬º͵Цкˣ
ãк
Цúô⣬ĺѣĻͽҹүүɡ
ϴΰݷֻͷ壬ƾǵһμ
ȴܿ˶ʳ()ϵϢҲµ()ݲ͡
˸ɫδӦûһԼ۹һ򶼺š
Ҳ⣬ЦŸĿڣүү
ºϵرϹģޱȿ˶ܸĻ⣬ҲԼ˸ϲֿ˼֡
̸󣬹Цʣȥʲô𣿡
ص׼ס£Ȼҵ(qng)ƽȥУϿΡ
ϲ£ǶУ
ûУҽȥӶţҽֻ̥˱У
Ⲣʲô˵ġ
дżζ֮ɫʲôѧУרҵ
Ҳôұ˻ҩѧ屨˶죬Ҵ籨ħ졣
óרҵ(ͦͦ)ģ⼸רҵǰ;
Ͽ˵ҶԻв˽⣬ڵĸˮƽˣ
صǳʦˣﲻ֪ôȼҲ˵׼
()

1055.1055 ֻŲŵù

1055 ֻŲŵù
ô˵ȽרҵĿ˿Ի췽¡
ⶼܴϣ˵Լļ⣬ٲΪûнӴûвװʵ˵֪ĵ̡
ϺԽԽͶû뵽ڻ츳ôߡ
Ҳ(qng)ҲԽԽǣɫͻȻһ࣬Ŀڵλá
״¶˽ŻҵɫӰóһƿ硣
ЧƬ̺ϻ˹
ɫȻ̫ãҰԵúƣ
֮ǰĶ̫ˣҲûֹ
ڵϣҰ㿴ɡ
϶ҽŵģͷǾ鷳Сˣ
Ϊ˰õֻα겻α()(qng)Ҳ̫ƣҪҪβС
ϿЦⲡѸΣ֮ǰȥƹҲֻܿƣܹÿθʱ򻺽⣬ѾǺܲˡ
Ҫһ˹࣬ųĻΣա
໻˹ģǻԾôˡ̾˿
Ŀתؿǲʲôܸ⹫ķ
ҽҽͬȴĺܸ˼Īϣ
ЦŵͷϵĲа취ΣԼµʱܿ
ҽ˵Ƭ˭֪򣬾ִҲкܶ˲š
͹Ͼͼһ棬֮ǰûԼƣҲǹ˼ɶԷΣѡ
ϣڵĲ(qng)ԽԽˣֻʱͻʧЧҺǺѣԲðһ䡣
ϾȲѣ˵ΪҸΣֻµʱȫˣ
ᶨŵĵͷֻŲŵùˡ
ó⹫ӣҲԸΪʲô
Ȼദ˼죬ȴ˽()ӣ¶֮ɫ㣡
ֻҪ⹫缲һԣοҺơ
֮ǰ⹫͵ҽԺȻ(qng)ѾȶҽȴҲҪʧЧˣ⹫Ĳ(qng)ȴԽԽء
ܿҽˮƽ϶Ϊ⹫Щҽǿ
()

1056.1056 Ҳ

1056 Ҳ
ϱ()()ҲȽϻȻЩ̫ܹȬһԸġ
ô۹ֹ˵ˡ
Ц˵ԸƣܸܲΣ鷳ˡ
ûôԥͬˣһΣҽ˵ȻǸ˵ġ
һᾡģҵƷҩ裬֮ǰΪ㼱Ǵһ
û⣬ϴƺ˶оöˡĸоʱڸ̾ҽȴܸ
ʣĵĻÿ춼Ҫ𣿡
صãǰһΣһ֮Ĳ(qng)кܴĻ⣬()Ҳϲ٣嵽һΣҩÿá
ϵͷãص֮󣬾鷳Сˡ
ЦϹͷͽˡ
һṼεġЦ˵
ǿǵǣԼҪʱ䡣
ΪһΣΪʮҩ衣
ϺԵķʩͷõҩ()̵֢״˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˼ϣ
ڼһпվͺĻ췽רҵ
Ҫִǰ˺üСʱϻóһŻͼһо
һЩ⣬ʵϣһʦɣ
ڻ׷֪ĶͲѧ̶ȣɲֻ֪Ƥëô򵥣ֱǺܾͨ
رŻ׹ͼĵȼܸߣȥУϿΣʦýֻֻܹжʦ
óʹԼġ
ҲЦ˵һʦҲһ׹˾ʦ֮һΪŻصϣ˳㿴񡣡
ԭôʧʧĽʵѾ²³ˣȷ˶Է()ݺЩԾ
û뵽һ֮ٵľΣȻʶһǶĻʦ
ѹֹϵһŻ˼̽뿴֪֪()ݡ
ЦˣЩ˵ġ
Сڻ췽츳裬Ҳǳã֮ǰʣûҪʦĴ㡣
ϵ˼Ϊͽٴξˡ
΢ЦǸӣҲˣ
ŲҪ㵱ͽܣΪ֮ǰңпܸҵĲ츳Ͷҡ
()

1057.1057 ʦ

1057 ʦ
()ʵЩŹ֣Ҳⲻкܴ(qng)ŻῴȥȽº͡
ڹʮֵϽݲһɳӣԲΪͽܡ
ȫΪ츳治ôһӡ
͹ϵĽ̸֪ڻ췽յĶȽĻѧϰȻ
ԸգҵȻʦġЦŵͷ
Цγ治ȥһСͽܻȥҺܿģ
ܹݹΪʦҲܿģĵ˵Ҫһʦף˾Ҫϧ
û뵽̸̸žͳʦͽҲܸ˵ĵ̫ˣԺ⹫ͽܣǵĹϵҲˣ
ʱɴʾٹСʱͽִĿĵء
˵кü(to)ӣһ(to)סɡ
Цܣס޷Ͳ鷳ˣҸѾķм俴һ(to)׼˾ȥʾס
ȻݹΪʦֳѣҲʲô鷳˼ҡ
Ƚ棬ҲֻܷðɣҪǿ˲УǾסҵķӡ
ã
һת۾͵ִǵķɴǺվغһվ()
Ͽ˵ǰ󣬾סĵطԺʦͽˣþͿ
ó˱ȽҪ鷳̫࣬ҲֻһˣȥȽҲǿ
ȻԼͽˣԺʹչ¡
УԼѧϰƽпվ͹ҸϿΡڶԹ˾ʱСͽܡ
Цŵͷõʦǰٺþݷ㣡
鷳(qng)ҪæʲôҲҡϼȻͽܣͻȽϾͻ̡
ڸʦͽĹϵοҲ׽
(qng)ðллʦ
Ҳһַҳסĵطʱ氡
诵֣һסˣȻҪġ
֣ģһ棡
˷ɴ󣬹һʹãҲܷࡣ
֮ǰʮaԴʯˣһûоܾԺҲرʦ
˴кһ˾ͿǺ˾ȥƾ֮ǰϵõнǱ߿
Ǹˣ״̬̫ãӽ쿪ʼʱ¸£״̬õָֻ¸£ĸʱĵ12~~~
()

1058.1058 ̯

1058 ̯
ƾѡһСĲıһСԺΧţһЩʻҵıһξ룬
Ȼ𲻱ˣסŻȴȽϷ㡣
˿ŻȽͶˣ϶˼Ҿߺ(r)Ʒȣһ˽ȥ
ֽµַ˹Ϻ
ĶˣһҲЩۣûѡһ滹Ĳ
ƾƱЦŵףǨ֮ϲ
ôʱ䣬ʱչˡ
ҲƱ诶ű֭ףǨ֮ϲ
Ӧȶһʱ䣬һȥ
ƾЦŵףһʦ
ףҪˣ
лл磡Цӯӯĺˡ
ƾֿ磬˶ƱΪ˸ҪǾʱȴԷһ((Ʊ))Ϣ
Ǻ诡Ѿȷ˷޺δϵȻе(qng)˵˰ɣʵġ
ǽҪѰҸĸͷΪܵˣԿ϶ͻɣ̯˵
֮ǰҲѯõǶͬ⣬ŻԷ̯ơ
ǳԾźܿͻָƽ˼ǣǵã
֮ǰʵɣϾ诽ȻӴĲô࣬Ƕı仯ۿɼġ
Ϊ(i)ϵģҲûоᡣ
ƾͷ˵Ĺŵʱڣһһ䣬ȻƬ򣬳ڵԼ
ΪʲôҲ˵׼Ҳڵǣת֮Լ
Ҳһֲ²⣬ʵںϵ()֮󣬲ûų⣬ȫԽԽϣԭ͸
ҲĸоرǶӵԭļ(qng)У()Ļָϵӣ()ϵĸоˡ
ʣҲûֿܣ(qng)֮
诵ֵ(i)ıֻҪԺ󲻻ỻҶ⡣
һ𣬷ס֣Ѿںˣỻˣ
ûкദû֮ǰɹǱˡ
ֻһֱ诡ƾֽø(qng)̫죬˴֮䶼ôϵɸ(qng)ȴǳĺãɹ
()

1059.1059 Ҳ̫˳Ÿ

1059 Ҳ̫˳Ÿ
ƾôһ˵еɻҲͳ׽⿪ˡ
ܸԭ˸粻Ǹɵģģʲôĳʧˡ
ֱ§һﾡ(qng)Һӹŵҵ磬Ȼ(i)ˣ
ֻҪһֱ()ߣﲻҪ
ܵõԼСǹĳ(qng)У֮ûǰȺ˵ҲΪ֪ĽܶһܸߣҲ̫Щ
չȥ׷һڣֲһ
еЦŨҪ׻ȥŴ˸ạ̊́ģұֻء
һ칷˳ǣһƤȻ
ƾ÷µ̬Ⱥͱ֣˵潫÷ļϡ
ι⣬ҪѰʧɢĸĸ׳һը
ͷ嶼е£ĸţ
Ƭ򣿡̲סʡ
ƾʵصǸһЩ²ģҪȥ֤ѰңҲ˲Žǵ()ǡ
˲˼ˡ
ϾѰĸǿ϶ɣھ̯˵
˵ǲ⣬ҲͬѡͬʱҲܸ˽ܴһ̯˵˸糹׽ˡ
óǵϱӴ˸磬
ǾһҰɡЦȱ̬
˸㶨ˣҵĸҲҪúñֲǡ
ϾһѾռȻͽ˷֮ʵ޶ˣ鶼ûнġ
һͷߣһҲ̫˳Ÿ˰ɡ
ûأҺ軹ࡣĵ
һۣδôͲܺˣ
ҪҪģҰ衣
ĺƤٴηˣ˸Է¶֮ɫ￩һ£һȡ
Ǽæ̬һҰ裬诵İҵġ
ϧѾȱ̬ˣƾûжԷ⡣
ţҵһ˺ͺžۡƾ˵ͷ
ԺƬĿռڵ϶᳹״ͨҲ᷽ܶ࣬ҲԴ诺ʱȥ
˻µʱǱҪģһϣƾǱȽͨ(qng)ġ
ãл£˸ô˵Ҳ׷
()

1060.1060 һ㶼ϲ

1060 һ㶼ϲ
ڶ죬ȥӶעӶ()ݣƾ߼ߵʵһ³˵Ӷš
ӶȻҪͷʼǿԺ˸õںദӶţӦͱȽ鷳ܵ˵ų⡣
Ӷ˺ͻȥȻȥš
ͷȥУĿΡ
УƽȽɢϿεʦ֪ʶ˵ͲˣҪȥҲش𣬲Ҳĳɼòãѧϲ档
Ҳܼ򵥣һͿˣϿεݶƵ棬Լȥء
һĿΣ߳Уȥ֣ûкʵ⡣
ӵƣʵİٷ֮ʵͶӰҲ˺ʵݻ()ʵȶһģ׼һҽݡ
Ϊ˿ʵʼõҩͿˡ
ǶϵЩϿεʱ𣿡һߣһʡ
ǣֵʱȰҸоܶȫѧϰģʲôġ˶Դѧӭ(ƨp)ǹ͸ֱӣ
УѧԺǴģȻѧУҲһСᣬʵѧԺҶרҵѧƻȽ棬Ҳûôŵ׷˼ʹϵ
ﲻϿΣȫǳŽġ
ҪԺǶˣÿȥ㿪ѧƵѧϰʵλֲҪʵʱȥϿΣܽʡʱ(qng)ڵҩͻҲͬ(qng)
رǻ࣬вûʲôϣĿΪҪǰύܹΪ״ʦˣ߻
ƬܵʵεģսҪҲ˻ʦ()ݵλܸߡ
ҩ໹˵үҲͬѧóҩȻõȥ׬ȡһĲۡ
ȻѧϰרҵҲУҪƽһɾв⽻ʣҪһưΪ˲֡
ҵһѣ߿ཻԵġ
Ҳпûڲ
ѧϰķãһ㶼ϲ
Ҳͬ뷨ܷΨͼĿѧգ⣬쿪ʼǾԼѧɣƵҲһġ
ҪϿεƵֻ̳аѧܵ㣬ҲأǶûҪУ
()

1061.1061 ʲôίˣ

1061 ʲôίˣ
Уĵʦѧûôģý֪ʶ㻹Ƕһ飬ҲֵǷݰѧˡ
Ȼѧϰղãʦ̵Ļɣܶ෽֪ʶȷʵûеġ
ͷ췽ҲǣһִȽûеġ
ҲãɢҲ(qng)Ҫǹ̫ܵˣ鷳
ҲôġЦ
˹һȦûзкʵ̳⣬Ҫ̫Ҫλòʡ
׼ʱ䣬ʵҲʵģ취
ѯǸӶţƽȥϿΣƵͺãҲҵ(qng)ô
ֻҵеԴʯˮۻܸߣǵøϿ׬Ǯ
ڵĶˮƽû˽˶ƣȥӶһȽϺõ;ҲϲڵϵȽ϶Լ
֪뷨ͷҲԣҿҽݣƽȥʦǱϻ׿ΣȥӶԣͽҲӦУʱҲ
ҪȥǣҪϵѧϰרҵѾԸܶ࣬ڿʼܵǱҺԴʯǱġ
ҽȥˡ
ã
˳磬˵˵ǵĴ㣬˵ˡ
()˿Ŵţˣ
վ()˽
ǻ׼ȥݷ͹ϣû뵽ˡ
ȦЩ죬诶£ôˣ
񿴵Ȧֺ˺죬ܣ
һۣŮ˵ǻǱܿɡ
Ҵȥģ
诵ͷţȥɣ
Ҳ˵
ߺʣʲôίˣ
˵Լĺѣ֮⹫ͽܣίߡ
ҼǸúδ򹴴һˡ˱˵
诺ϲǸδ𣿡
ص㣬ʵ˽ļͥ(qng)ԭһã
ҡҡͷҶûʲôоҾﲻˬǸδүү()()ģҺ()()˵˹һ(qng)ǲŻ˵ҡ
ίĵط
ҵһؼأ
Ұֻ֪ί
诿ɫүү()()¶(qng)вְֺͬ⡣
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

1062.1062 

1062 (qng)
诺룬(qng)
ģֶòã
˻֪ļͥ(qng)ҼʱͲˣǸʱҰֺʹർ¹˾˵⣬ȥ()()үүңǶҲģְַֺȥ⹫Ǳߡ
˾ĴúҰֲŽҽӻؼңǸŮĸ(qng)һܺá
ǰ()()ȥһΣط˿ֲ¼˵˱һŮ˾ˣҰȢǸŮˡ
ʱҰǼԵģ()()һֱڣȥҰְֹ˾֣ҰַʤȢǸŮ˽š
ǸŮǿǽ飬һŮһӣΪɷȥͽŮǼҡ
һʼŮ˻(ͦͦ)ֵģҲ˭֪ŮȥѧͽĿʼϲʱȣеĶҪ
ҰֶĸŮ̬Ⱥһ㣬ڽǰ˲Ʋ֤ĲƲҼ̳С()()һȴûиıҰֵľǸŮ˻Ǽ˽
ǰʱҰȥҺͼóһܣ()()һ٣Ҿֱҳˣ˳ɢɢģҰְֿôҵġ
˵зǸδͼùһҸһһ˼ң()()үү˵Ҫ˻飬ȴ׼˵ҿʲôģˡ
ô˵Ҳ˽(qng)
飬ǰƲ֤̳Ų˵ֶӣҾӦֱӴ绰¡
̾˿Ұֶ()()үүȽТ˳Ҳҡ
ԴŮ˽ź󣬼()()˵ĲκϣֶԶˣΪ̫ŻẦ¡
ҸоֲТ֮ˣҪǲѵҪк(())Ůıѣͷˣ()ӱЩЩ
ҲǣһȥҰִ绰
ûеĻһȥְɡÿ(qng)õʱϲ֡
ûʲô£Ǿȥй
֮(qng)˲˺ܶࡣ
һóͣȻԼһȥ⹫ңŻؼҡ
ڶ죬ȥǸӶᱨ诿ųȥ˹żҡ
()

1063.1063 Ҳ

1063 Ҳ
żլʱѾˡ
ˣЦ֡
˸һլԺĿϿĿº͵ЦЦˣ
ʦϣкһ¡
ΪģϢʱǾڿġ
(qng)𣿡ʡ
ЦŵͷˣҰִ˵绰ڸǰ¾͸˻ȻȥǸм˻飬()()֪ˣ֡
(qng)õļ˵ȻҰһ˹֤ݣ˦ǰͱˡ
бСʱҶģʱǰڣȻҲϲҲ㷴Уƽƽദţ˭֪˵ŹĿġ
Ǽþϲģ˶Ǻ񡣡
Ц˵ʵ·Ҳã֪еĿҲ˳˻飬㲻ϲ˻黹鷳
ǰҾǲˬȫ۸ңǲһˣ()()ҪˡȽģҪΪС()()үү(qng)ͲãȻҪ
Ҳⲻ˶ãҰѾǸŮ˵ĶŮ˵ûŮϾǶѾˣǸŮ˵ĿˡԺҲüˡ
Ůϲеûʱһ()
Цŵͷ˵Ļ㣬ԺΪЩ߰˺ԶˣȻźǵ˼
ҲˣţԺ󶼲ˡ
һᣬϢãȥҽѧˡ
ȥӤƷꡣ
ڹżҳԵģ׼ǡ
Դͽܺ󣬹ϿĿһִ(i)Ȼ㲻ÿȥУϿΣһܾ͹ɡ
ڻϵ츳̫ˣҪץʱ佫Լ֪Ĺ
⻹ͽܣɱ츳ȴ̫ˣҲǻ״ʦĳɾ͡
ȴϣ뽫һʦ
Ȼ⣬ðֻҪʦˣ
ЦŰڰ֣ʦͽ֮䲻˵Ҳûʲô£࣡
ͽ()뿪ǳȥ
Ҫϳǰ׼棬
ӡЩ࣬üҶһ˿ƣܻѪ֮֡
뽫֮ǰһöƽ()ЯҪȥˣʦסɡ
14~~
()

1064.1064 ϣ

1064 ϣ()
ȫ˵ˡ
ӡ÷࣬Ѫ֣֮
ƬûϿһЩ֮ǰβһû
žˣȻܻᷢΣ(qng)
ҸķҲһҪ()()ϡǿ
ôأͷãһס㻰ġ
ϣźͽһ뿪
ϣʣ𣿡
Ҳȷֻǿӡ÷Ѫ֣֮ϲȥǾӦò¡
ǴҴѧѧģǰҲûרŰ˿üӡͻȻ࣬Կ
ҸķбֵЧ淢ʲôҲܰæԽ㲻õġ
诵ͷţϣû£
˻ȥһᣬͷŻ
ϴ󣬷ȥǼ䡣
ȥӶˣɳʦĻ鼮̧ͷʡ
߹ȥ()ߣ§ЦӶŵųʮߣԭһӶţ˰ż˱齨Ӷš
˹ǾżߣǵľȽϷḻȥΪҲҾȷˡ
ǵӶжˣ
˶ʮˣɸѡһ˾ŸųˣһʮˡҾòˣ齨̫˷鷳
ȻǺģܵʵǼʻ׵ļǰ棬Ծѡˡ
ͷǵӶŲŽܽӵȼҲ̫ߣ̫˷鷳ҪǻͽһֱţӶ֮ҲԱˣơ
Ҳôġ
˶һһ顣
ڷ׼طϢʱնͻȻˡ
ģι
˼ô㣬ܲһ˵һҽԺżֿǻ
һ㶣ôˣˣ
ҳ˳Ϊķæֻ˵ˣҰȴԲѣ(qng)أҽȫû취Ҿֻæˡ
ҽ棬⹫䣬Ѫɫİְڽϣ()ϡ
û뵽Ѫֱܹ֮ˣȴˣãϾ͹
()

1065.1065 

1065 
绰Ҳ˵ûжʣ񼸾͹ˡ
İְֳˣȥһ˵һҽԺɡ塣
㻳Ѿ˯£ô׼һ
Сǹ˵϶ȥ
վ()ڻ˯£ãȥ·Ǿͳ
ͷҲҪ£
˺ܿŪã忪ųȥ˵һҽԺ
¥£绰񲡷ţȻֱ¥
ߵſڣг
ţϾͱ򿪡
ˣʱȦȻſ޹
ļ򣬡£ˣҽȥֵ(qng)
֣ţ鷳ˣ
˽źһӺݻ󣬿ȴ̱̫̫üͷ壬ʲôˣǼ£ûʱд
¶ֱŭҰֿģûϵ
֪()()˷ңһ֮С
̫̫һѾͷҽ˵(qng)ΣˣȻҽ˹㲻뺦ɣ
ǰѾˣͱˣҽ˵а취ȵģɱΪҽ㸸׸ءһĳؿڡ
ֶˣô˵Ĳ£ƽô㡣һŮӲͬĿ
һ()ͷĸʵ̧ͷ𱸣ô
һͨ죬ǲҪأֻҪоҰֵϣҶġ
Ұְ֣ȨΪβͲǷˣǳȥָָ̧š
̫̫Ц֣ҶأҾԲῴ㺦
ƾôһСβʲôЦмĿһۡ
üͷ̫̫ܲܿûϵҿǵǾĲ֮İְֱɡ
ó̱ϸдŸӾᣬӷȻǺΪ絣ĵģ۵ȴֻ
ҪǶû⣬Ųˡ
Ŀ¶׹⣬ҿǲ⣬ɲҪʲôҰҽ˭֪ǲƭӣȥ
˵Ȼ߹ҪȥҪƳš
ֻûĸ첲ͱסˣȻһŽߵڵء
˭׼㶯ֶŵģɡҲˣ⼸˿϶⣬ֻ֪˵йء
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~
()

1066.1066 ˭۸

1066 ˭۸
ڳû뵽ᶯ֣Χ
ʲôˣʲôأȻҶ֣Ųǽץ㣡
ǿȥﲻӭǡ
ٲȥҾȥƭ̫˹˷һѣϡ
״ŭ˷()ߣóȥǡ
ҿǾǴҪҰ֣Ӱ칫¥ϵûҵԭء
Ŀżֻɺͷߺ޵Ŀӣ˵Ƕ㺦ġ
һըëˣѾͷˤ¥ʲô£ԩˣҪÿ
̫̫ǰ˼ѣѾͷǮԩ壬ȻǸǣ
Ŀ˸ζ
Щ˳ֲ̫̫ͣƣֱ
긾ŮǳҪȥ˺ͷ
óż˷ȥ˲(Ѩxu)˲޷ٶ
ôˣ
ƭӶʲô
㡭
˲ܶȴɴ۾
ӷóһƿҩӸ壬ιȥŷ
ӹǿи˳£ǲжҲ˵ˡ
һоǾ֣Ҫȴ
ˣȥֵ(qng)ҲһĿɿڴģЦ
ŻһݵĿ̫˰
Щ˼ֱ̫ͲҪˣҪ˵ȥû취Ϊֿģر̫̫ͶǸø()ΪСҲö֡
һ¾ͽסˣǾֺµģúˬ
ӵ绰ʱ̫ˣûд⹫ҲôԮ
ЦЦʹ˵ҽİ취˭۸ء
̫̫֣()ΪСû֣û˼ˡ
ܻ̣ȻҪźѡ
һůã
Ȼֵ()ǰæҰΪʲôѣҽղż˵Ѫѹ񾭡
֮ǰѾ˼Ѫˣɷ(qng)أҲĽͣҲ鲻һȻ
߹ȥ׼ҪΪİְֿ()ͷŮȴסˡ
Ҫʲô׼Ϲֻҽ
ĿŮӣҰ־Ǻġ
ɵЩ˼ֹ֮ǰĳЩ˾Ѳ˸ϵ
()

1067.1067 ͸ôɣ

1067 ͸ôɣ
Ůһ޹᲻ϵ(qng)ʵ⡣
֪㲻ϲңҲΪְֿҪ
֪ļǻҪҽС
һΪԼϹõģֻ˵ҪԼ׵ˡ
žͷһѽŮڶԷŵ£һڵϡ
˵˷ʱ䡣
ɴ۾漴ͬĵͷ˵ûǾ(i)װС׻žͷ
ԺҲһٺϹ((Ʊ))((Ʊ))Ҿʹǡ׵ѧˡ
ͷ͸ôɣ
ûεվŲļˣ˵ĶԻ˳ǣѾͷĶʲôѣôײС
ɨЩ˵ϰϸΪ()ŵ˼
˰½Ҫǲƣȥ
ûжͷѪȷʵˣ()ȴ()ơ
֮()ʴҲ˵޷ѹѾ֪ԭˡ
İְִŲŷĿ˲ŷϵһڴ
һͣóһָһĨ㣬ŹȺܺãֻж˲ܿ澡()ɷơ
ָ˭ŵģȫ()ɷְָ()飬Ծˣõ()ϵ()ɷġתͷ˵
ŽָҲе£ҸϹʱҰѾסˡ
漴ݺݵĵ˵ɲܶļˣ϶ġ
Ǹɫ΢΢һ䣬ȷ˸ɵġ
ȴ˲ϴˣĵʣҰо𣿡
оȣҶһ񣬡İɡ
Ұ־Ϳˣԭֻ·𱻳ָֻ˼֡
óǰְֵ()Ѿڵ()ɷ֮ȫ((Ʊ))˳
һŵҩι£Сʱˡ
̫ˣлл㣡ĨĨᣬĻŲɡ
վŲļɫãһ˵ĺ¡
Ҳûᣬֻǰ
˵()ɷʲôЩʡ
͵˺ܶĵطĵطγһִųսϵһЩطɷأҪǽƷȷһʱ䣬ߴЩ()ϰĶͻմȾ()ɷ֮
һ()ϣֻùΣգ()Ҳܴ־Ǻߡ
14~~
()

1068.1068 챻ը

1068 챻ը
Ȼʲô()ɷͨĽͣҲһЩ
ĿⷢĿŻ޷ļˣɥĲ񣬾Ȼô֡
Ҫִƽ·˵˷ŽȥԼŵġ
ɴ̨ŻĲŷ⼸ȵŵˣĵĽŽȥ˸Ͳܡ
ô˵£̫̫飬漴ʲôһķߺޣĿһ
ϰ̫̫Ĳϲǰѹȴνˡ
ҪЩ˺ģԲŹǡ
ڵȴʱһһŮ˽
վŲļ˺͵ϻԵŮˣɫ˱䡣
()()裬ôˣ˽
̫̫Ҫ˵ȴ޷ѿڣͳۡ
ֻȥŵŮˣֻǻԣɵ˿
Ůһķŭ˵()()ʲô
Ŀ⻰Ӧʣǵʲô
Һ()()ô(r)һ˸ۡ
˵ദŮ׽ˣŮͻ壬С()()ϲˣŮһ(i)
()ҲҲ˾Ǩŭ()()衣
ʲôϿˣֻбˡ
Цһھ͸Ͽ챨㲻һ뱨ء
һƽģʲôͽ㵲ǰ棬оóһӵĻˮǳ()գʲô
㣡һҭ׼˵ͳ˹ȥʲôҾǻָû꣡
ճȥֱ̧˹ȥ߷һѾסŮӵͷһ⣬ԼʲôУ
㣡Ůȫû뵽ôһŵģ漴á
״ֳ̧ĺһŮһ¾ͻ˹ȥ
ڵϣԸ(())˻ˬ
ǰЩ˳ܣΪϵԷһƤʱռ·类
ڶԷһ((Ʊ))((Ʊ))ҪãһпιȻ徲ˡ
һɨ֮ǰ()Ц˵ǣöֱᣬˣԺ󿴵ҲͲن·ϻˡ
̫ˣŻԹȥĽ㣬ӿ챻ըˡ
()

1069.1069 ôܿó

1069 ôܿó
ú¡
ôҲҶ֣һܣûǸ¾͸ұ졣
̧ȭͷ˱ȣ㣡
˵츳ãֻļߣȴѾߣҪɵġ
Ӻ⣬û뵽ż첻Ǳһˣ֪ȭͷԸˡ
ǰˣֻ
ߣôԴ()()ͶǣָôȻǴ򲻹ģֻһ
ͼҪТѹ
ͬЦ()()(r)Ҳֻ(ƨp)ռˣҪ
㣡ӵһ˵ȣɫѿ
ӺŮɨɨħٵӦ¡
۾(r)Ϊ()()
ʲô˵
ӵͬʱ
תͷŵʣʲô˼()()()()
ѵֳˣ˽ӣ
ܿҡҡͷ־Բ(qng)
ϵı任ɫڵҴǵ࿴Ǻ()()׵ġ
漴һתְûѪԵϵ
վŲӣǺλиӺ͸ŮϵҲ˵ʵĶŮ
Ļ̫̫Ҳһֲš
ʲôд࿴ģôܿó
һ£ܿ췴Ӧѹ()()˺Ůһû뵽ǾȻǶ˽ӡ
һķŭ̫ˣȻǿҰȢŮˣ˽ŪҼ
ҲɣҰְֵǲİҧ̫̫
ʱѹȴΪԼΪְ֡
̫̫Ҳŷŭĵ˵
ó顣
㿴óҰְǲ𣿡ʡ
ͷģһĿ̱ӦòǶϲƫ塣
ʱģǾǲϲƫġ
ǸүүһҲƫǸ˽ӣ(qng)޷⣬Ǵڡ
㲻ҪѪˣʲôп֪ˣ˵ҪεġӳĿ()Ķ
ڻعʱ򣬼ܳϡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1070.1070 ֻҲ

1070 ֻҲ
֣һɵӵģ
ҽԺǲҥ̰ӼͿˣֻҲˡЦ
()ӽ˽ȻǻӼĴˡ
()Ӱᣬƾʲô˵ʲôҾҪʲô˺
ɣһ̫Ҫˡ
Ҳ֪˵ʲôȥҽĲ(qng)ǿоӼһֵûǸߣ˸ˡ
ſȥˣ̵Ŀ()()Ͷ壺İ˻浱ˡ
ֿŭĶ̵˵ƽ(ͦͦ)ܵ𣿶廹Сģ˽ӡ
ǰ̫˵ǮǱ(qng)ĶŮҲþֵǮλ̱Ťúˬ
Щ˾Ѫ棬ַֻ֮ռˡ
ţʱ()ϵ˷һ
æת()ߵ()ǰ۾˫Ứ֣ˣ
ûиоõ㣿ĵʡ
ɫмֲ԰ףŮһ񣬡ûˣõģ
ʶѾĻعѣֻͻȻȫ()Īı䣬ô޷ѹоʧ
ҲȻ֮ǰԣȴ˵֪ʲô
˫Ϊںһӣ֣ҪҪ˯᣿
ڰ֣ûˣ
漴¶΢ЦлλС㣬޷ˡ
Ů˵ĻȫȥˣҲ֪ǹͻ()ôɵġ
ЦЦҺǺѣ岻ÿ
⼸׼ô죿ָָܶļ˼ǻʮӾܶˡ
Ľ(Ѩxu)ʱЧ()ҪôҪǰ֡
̧ͷĿĸףɫ׺µĵܵܣһƬ
СΪ︶ô࣬ҲָҪǸлȴû뵽ǾȻΪ˲ƲҪҡ
նϷһϢ̧ͷ̫̫裬ҴС()()ģһֱϲңƫĶܺСãҲüƽϡ
ԼҵɹǰռˣТѹңŲҲңҲȱǵǮˡ
ǧ򲻸öҵ⡣ԭº͵ɫ˲
()

1071.1071 Ϊֻع

1071 Ϊֻع
⻰̫̫ɫ˱䣬Ҫ˵ȴûֻñֿơ
˵ܺҷִҴӸ¥ȥȹ󣬾Ȼʲô()ɷңҾԲϢ()
ֵĻɴ۾û뵽ְֳǶɵģߵָǣǼֱɥĲ񡣡
ְ֣ҽϸҽԺ;з˳һͲ⣬ҵķˣϿܶˡ
ҲŹЩѪ棬ֵ˵ԣ׼ȷ˵ûǸŮܶ()ȻϽռΪС
Ȼȴɵ᲻֪Щ˴ʲô⡣
Ҳûеְֳ׻ָ͸֪ˣҲϣβ(qng)档
£ȻһıŭðԭΪǾǰǣû뵽ǻǺøεĲǡ
Ůĵߣ¥ûôЩȴҪŮ쳵Խˡ
֮ǰЩ˾ʹ⣬СŮδʱûԣҲҪǽо˻顣
ŮദĻоûж
˭֪ԼȥǼŮ͹ŮδŮ״ȥ˲顣
鲻֪һ߲ѣǼĸŮδ򣬾ȻСʶ÷͹һˡ
Ͻ췢(qng)һ룬ﻹ֪Щ˵Ŀġ
ôһŮ˲ƲЩ˿϶ͨıƲȻȢŮš
ԭúЩ˾ĸ׷ҪȢŮˣͬ⣬ǾͲ֣ͣӰ˹˾
֪ǶԲƲǣһ֮¾ȢŮˣ˲ƲûһΣҪǣҲҪɲȫ
˭뵽һƲһƣǰôеͬѪϣüƽϣȴ̡
֣ģֻΪֻعġ
Űְ֣ᶨĵͷ
ܿ죬һװӢʮӣżƷ˽
ǵƷ֪⼸ǾǰֵٶȻ(ͦͦ)졣
ϰ壬û°ɣӹĵĿʣŽܣѾ⼸λǹľ
û£˵꿴˵λãҽ챻¸¥()Ů˹쳵ұ
ָָվŵӣ֣
14~~
()

1072.1072 Э

1072 Э
ڴʱԭ޷ļ˲ܶˡ
ӷԼܶڵ磬ûкᰡ
¥ҲҹģֻǷִˤȥġ㲻ϲңҲԩҰɲȥΣԼϡ
Ц㲻ûϵû֤ݣҲͲᱨˡ
ҵʱںƵͨΪҾûйҶϡִҽ¥ȫ̶¼һὫƵύǾġ
ǿһ칫ǰƻ˼أû뵽ȴƵͨ¼
ǿЦֱɫһ¹()ǰ磬ҲǹҪģִʱҾͲСһ£û뵽͵ȥˡ
磬Ҵˣ㲻ҪץȥǾ
ûһ˿¶ȣҲɵҲûϹǲǹƵģһ֪ó
ĳ˭ĻʹǾǱҲܲҲûá
Ǿʶ˷Ӧ(qng)ǿģԲ϶лѷɵƲá
ǶҪȥǾ̲סվ()̫̫˵裬ȾҰҲȥΣһҪء
̫̫۵ɱˣһС¶ѣʲôҪŪǾֲܵǹġ
ˡ
ƫϰˣıɱⲻ˵ģѾˡ
̫̫嵽()ǰõĿô˵˲㣿㳷͵ˣǣӻǱȽϹõġ
Ҳܣߣ¾ᣡƤˣ
̫̫ˣͷҲˣǰֺҲǵù
ȴû̧ͷԼ鷳
Цŵͷӹɱ˺ıɱ(qng)أȻҪģܷġ
Ҳܱ̫̫Ƕһֱǿ˼ţȻôǺĺҲŹ
żǰǶѺǶŷӦȥ
ֹһһƵǶûĵ˵ԭ(())Ů͹һ(())֣Ҵ㡣
ˣǰΪǽǸŮ˼Ů͸ϴΪռˣ(qng)ȷʵռˣȴΪǸŮ˺˽ӣ޷ܡ
()

1073.1073 

1073 
Ƕһ´Ƕ̫̫״ų˹ȥ˺Էͷ
ܿ˴һţǶҲϳߡ
̫̫ԭںǶ˺ţĸαСӱߣҪȥֹ
ȥûסǿдŻǶ˷š
̫̫ת()֣Ӧ˵̫̫ȥٶȽүͻϼҡ
ܹһƫ۵ĸĸҪֻƫҲͰˣɶ⣬αػҪʲô(qng)Т
ܲ³Ϊʲô֮ǰ̫̫ҲԼҪΪСıɱȻ󱻶Է˵ıĲƲ
ҲΪ̫ĺˡ
ң̫̫á
ЦΪʲôңǰǲȵҵĵߣȻռһֱˡ
ԺǵǮһᶨڴȥһǮǶҪ϶ǻҲıӦҸܡ
Ҳݣÿ´չǱҾУôϲҫһҪӣϱСҲزˣػʹࡣ
뵽ЩͻȻóһڶ
Тģ㡭̫̫û뵽ӲֲҪôϰ()Ҫá
ʹһ񣬶Էǿн̫̫ͻڵϿ޵Ƕߡ
ҪߣǸûͱˡ
ıڣԸһţѸٽͻϼңһлٻ
ҲҪ˼ල̫̫ͷǶȦϼ޷š
ȥԵŮߡ
֮ǰڽʱһֻ֣Ƕ˽ŮӼȥ룬ܳɹ顣
һ㶼ٿЩˣκ˺Ů(qng)
˱ߺ徲
ЩǸĶ˼СЦˣ
ҼбľҲû취ЦЦʾ⡣
ҲҳǶǣȦҲƶ֪
ҲԽ³ЩѪǡ
ڵ()ɷ֮ȻγҪúһʱ䣬ϢɣǾȸˣ֪Ůл˵
ЦŵҺһŵл鷳Сˣ
룬(qng)
ˣ
͵¥£뿪ؼҡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1074.1074 û취

1074 û취
¥ʱϵĺ
װźֻ()ɷָûߣΣԼ
ӵݸĶֳɼݣ϶̫̫ǸŮ˺Ů취һݣŵǳڶԽӴĵط
ŮȻôˡ
϶ȥǣȷʵôСϸƤ()ûгԹͷ϶ܿ࣬ȻԷôһݴôܲȥöԷ
ҲᳯѹдϢĻᡣ
ĸףΪ϶Ͳȥ϶˽ŮŮǰЩҲǻ֮εûȥ
ȢŮ˺ĶŮǺȻҲҪⱨӦ
ֳָɼݣᵼЩȴҪ()ɷĥùز()
ɲҪǾûžһĥ𲻵á
καQĻᡣ
֮ǰŮ棬Լ̫ݵӡֻǼ򵥵Ĵ
һֱ֪Լ(i)ֻҪȵһж˵˭ҪǲȵĵߣɲһĺݣԻЩ˺ϡ
Ҳ(ͦͦ)̫̫ǼҶģӹָͷܷģһ׵ġ
˵˻
״˸к뿪ˡ
֣Сˣ
ţǻؼˣĵʣ֣û°ɣ
û£ǹ()ɷҸоˡЦŰڰ֣ȻʣСôʶģҸоǸˡ
ȻôĪֶΣӶŮ(ͦͦ)ĵġ
񽫺ʶľ֣ʵ⹫ľء
ԺҪʲôҪǼܰһͷ
Цǣ֮⣬ҵĺء
߸Ů˵ǱͷҲ˼ҡ
ļ죬綼ӶѵΪӵ׼
ȥ˹Ǳѧϰ죬Ϣʱȥ￴ѧϰУϵĽѧƵ
죬ûйȥѧϰһš
мЦ˵ˣҶ֪Ҫôл㣡
ǺѣôЦЦ
һѵЦãҲ̫ˣ
㲻⵫ȴܲ𣬲Ȼⲻȥ˵
֣ε˵û취
()

1075.1075 Ų񰡣

1075 Ų񰡣
߳һᡣ
ʣ֮ǰҵ棬ҵôˣ
ҡҡͷûкʵġ
Ұְֵ磬պһҪ⣬λûȻܶҵȽϴҪ𣿡
֪Ҫô𣬶Է϶Ҫ
֪̺󣬲ԼţְҲæ⣬⼸Ϣˡ
Ҳܾĺ⣬Ӱ(qng)
ðҪǲȥǲæˡ
˿ЦĵǾȽȥ׼Ҫ⣬ʵ˻(ͦͦ)࣬ҪȷΪǿ
ã
һ磬ȥǸ̿
ҵԱߵĽֵܶ¥ϰܶࡣ
һ׹˾һҩ˾һħƹ˾ڸ
̳۵ĶһЩ߼Ʒҩϵȡ
ڽֵ棬ͨһֵͨҲȽϷ㡣
λòһ(ͦͦ)ġ˵
ЦŵҾͺǸ˵һ㡣
ţͳⷽʽҪǺʾǩԼ¶ԷԼϾǰֵӡ
ܿն˺ϵʣ˵һʮǱҵ⣬һҲ԰һ긶ͬ޿ǩһ굽꣬㡣
ǿǰֵˣôõĵضβһ⵹Ǻ˽Ĳ࣬Ҫһ㡣
ãҾȸһģǩԼǩɡ֮ǰʦƷѣﻹ(ͦͦ)ԣġ
ȥϵܿ˾硣
һЩ̬ӣȥȽͣȴ
ΣҾ̸
ӿżɽ˵ҽѦ棬ҲҲõֵģԳǰҪȷʣС׼ʲô⣿
ԭǼĲҵǷּҺͷֵˡ
ҲǿϣŻὫģΪ˱Ժʲô鷳
û׼һҽҩݣƽΪ˿һЩβҩ衣
׼һҽݣרҽ˿϶ܲ˰ҩζҲţͽҩҩۡ
Ѧ֮ǰ֪ʲôģֻصæô˵£Сһҽ
Ų񰡣
14~~
()

1076.1076 

1076 
ȣҲ⣬ȷʵҽ
óһֹҽƣͨкҩβ
ҽҪҽֵһ֮ģǼʱϲ֣ͷλ߶˵ȣֻõƲȥȥ˼Сʱָܻ֮
вȽĶǰѪִ֮Ҫָſ()Ҫ
ֻüͿøԴҲƲ֣ɻ
Ｘеÿһܸ㶨
ȻȻ˺ܶ࣬ҽҽ((co)co)ˮƽҪҲߵģ˭Եҽ
ûҽҲơ
Ѧ治̫ʲôǹҽЦʣҪСҿûʲô
Ҳûܾһֻ֣Ұһ
ѦҲʲôǰ֡
Ϊ˰Ѧܲûʲô󲡣һЩСë
ܿʲôСëѦ˼Ȥ
صѦƽϲͨƵҲЩƵ򼱣ϼÿ춼Ҫҹ˯Ҳһ㣬ʱεûʲô
ԭĵѦ棬⻰۾΢΢ɴ˼֣ͨ־ܿˣ
ȷʵƵ򼱵ë϶Ҫҹʱ˯ȥ˯ˣɲ͵˯һ㡣
ҲǴڵģȥҽԺ()ָ궼ģҲͷһˣҳϱ֮⣬ûи߹ˡ
Ҳ˵Լġ
Щ벻ͨô־ܿʲôëҲ̫˰ɡ
ЩεЦ˵֣ͨϵ鿴(qng)ģɫС
Ѧ¶ˣ޷ΪʲôϾܿ
Ҳûж²ʣЩСë𣿡
ΣһЩҩ裬ʮҾͲƵˣҲĲٵ˵ѦСë
ҪôҩãһžܼЧ׼һ̫ŵĸоҲ̫ױϡ
ϲôҽķƣʲô֢Ƚ鷳Ĳ֢Żҩġ
Ҫû˵ëѦ϶ʲôҩ裬ȴżһԵ̬ȡ
ðǾ鷳Сˣ㿴ҪǮת㡣ëȻ󣬵ҲȽţκǺġ
()

1077.1077 »

1077 »
ҪѦӣ򽻵ʱӦò٣˲׼ҪǮ
ˣЩҩ軨˶ǱңѦҵ𲢲Ͷұˡ
ô˵ѦҲûٿȻˣҾͺƤҪˡ
ǩⷿĺͬѦĵַ˵ҩúúʼĸ
ǩѦ뿪˵̡
֮ǰûмβģҲо棬ҽԺһܺá
ԼҽţЦԺܻܺãھͲ˵ˣ˶ֹ̫ҽء
Ҫ̫ˣҪȷʵ(ͦͦ)ŵġ
ԼҪΪ⹫ĲԼղҪ˵ֹҽҲŻ߰Űɡ
漴һתЦ»ôҽ϶ܷġ
㿴Чãһʮʮ٣ľˡⲻǰοǱ()ôõġ
ͷţϣɡ
ˣߵ˶ҿʵˣûжһ⡣
ȻĵΪʲôҪȻò𣿡
ѵϲݣʡ
صҲϲݣǶòٲˣٶȥҽԺ£ҲŻ֡
ôһ˵֪ԭˣʵǰҲݵģɺ˵Ϊݣ˻ŮʮƵģҿҲˡ
ҲΪݣһЩﷸѣɶ֡˵ģȥһЩõ(qng)Ȼ˵ģ
Ϸð˼õ¼رһһλܳС㱻˺ݶ棬ΪⱻǼֵúܴ󡣡
Ͱ䲼˷ɣ˶(yn)ݡ
ݻҲҪرջ߸ĳݻֻһЩƤ巽⡣
ͿʼȻ(qng)ݣȥ⵽Χ˵ıӡ
ҪȥƯһǿױˣŮ()ҲȽ(i)Ʒ
һЩߡ׵ȻƷķǳãǰģЧȴһ㡣
˵Ȼ()ڷʧ߼Ķ߰ߣǿȥҽԺǸЧȽϺá
ô˵۾ʱһ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

1078.1078 

1078 
֮ǰڵ͵뷢չƷֻ³ͻȻҪ߼⽻ݻȥŪ
ﲻ(yn)ݣȻ(qng)ݣԻƷͻױƷҪͱȽϸߣʺ
뵽㣬Ҳ뵽ˡ
ҽôΪ˿⣬ʵҲ԰ݺͼʰ
Щڷʧ߼ع೤ߵģ԰ǵֵŮ٣Ҳ԰ǼʣԲͻҼ۸񻹲õ͡
ҽôÿ϶
뵽һˣ¥ҪݰɡҲΪЩ˵()壬һЩƷĤʱ¥Ͽרһ顣Цŵͷ
۾˲ģЦе˵ȻƷĤŪһҪĵһ˿͡
Ҫ˵ңҪź죡˵
ʧЦУʱҵݵĵһź˿ͣ
ƣˣ
ȷ˾Ӫȥϵһװ޹˾˵˵װ޵Ĵ·񲢶
ȵװãͿԹҵˡ
صʵħóҩΪѦʮҩ裬Ȼʼ˹ȥ
ȥʦѧϰ죬ѧƵѧʱȥ￴װ޵(qng)
һܺװǱȫ깤ӵȫźã껹Ƚ⡣
ڵӶţʱĥҲˣǽȥһŰ
Ϊ˲õϵ˵ҩͽĿ뿪
ƾ飬Ҳһ뿪
ߺǻص
⼸ȥӦƸ˼ҹ˾ѡ˵һħ칫˾ߵķֹ˾ȥϰ࣬ʱܻȽæҪúչԼ
ƾ诵ر㣬һҪע()չ˺ñǾ͸绰ҵһʱͻϻ
Цŵͷİɣҿ϶չ˺Լͱģҵ·ӦѾ˺ܶࡣ
诵ǰ羡ȥæԼģ߻ء
Ҷһֱ(ͦͦ)ĵģ̲ס䡣öģֵֵ裬ԲԾĻᆪ¼䡣
ȴȽãǾϲ
ƾ˵ȥӦƸ˵һħƹ˾
࣬ϡһĹ˾ֶѽȫ߼רҵġ
Ҫȥ£ʣµ19һ~~
()

1079.1079 ϶

1079 ϶
һħ칫˾˵ϸ񣬽ħƴʦҪϸˡ
诶ԼҴֳݡ
۾ģƾЦǰʱ˼ħƻ·ŵһħ칫˾һλʦУҵҺ̸̸ͽܡ
ǸӦ𣿡Цʡ
ƾصһһħƻ£Ҷӡ󲻴Ҳ츳ҾʹӦˡ
õǷֹ˾һĿǾһȥ˾Ϊְֵλ
ЦĴʦΪͽˣﶼᷢ⡣
ϵ츳һֱǿǰִľţҲ׷ŽƬҲܴһƬա
ĽͼʣֻΪǸˡ
诵ĶӣҲôбˣҪҵ裬һܸˡ
ЦŵͷҪͷ飬Ҳб
գգۣǻأȽɣҵ˵ɡ
Ϊףƾҵʦ˳һħƹ˾³úúõĳһ١
ڶƾȥϰ࣬ȥ翪ꡣ
̵ҲûȡӣȡһҽݡҲΪ˼ĵҽ䷢
ûҩصҪͻ㣬ԻΪ()ҩ衣
ҽԵĿĿշѹ˳ȥҲ򵥵Ŀˡ
ΪҵȻڽֵĩβ˿µ꿪Ҳ
ǼҽݣƵĿȫ۸񻹲ͺ󣬴Ҿͷ׷˳ȥ
̼ܵҲнģ˳ȥ²ۼ䣬̫Īģ϶
ԤϵֽżýȥϢһصһѧϰУƵ
żദԵѹ
Щ㲻׽ĹۣȴһȦģǱȽϺõġ
ǽЦվ()ӭ
ΪһһͨҿһʺϵĻƷɡ
֪ǹģ°˰()(qng)(ͦͦ)õģƤ״̬ҲҪõ㲹ˮľͿˣϸ䡣
()

1080.1080 Ű

1080 Ű
˼״ﶼҽ
رǵҳĿʲôġҩԡáι޵ȣû˵
񲻵һҪĻһʦ⹫ﲻҲ˼()
һȽݵŮЦԱߣҽ˵ҽܸܰæ()ݣ鷳ҿ
ҵĲҵǼкܶܶʱҪǼչ⣬һΪ
óǲţȴû⣬ϾĿֶﲢûУҲ᲻š
Сһֻ֣Ϊ㿴()(qng)Цݵ˵
Сͷһֵֻݵǰ
˰()ڵʪȽأ΢㣬ͻ䣬ôԲ֣ػʱ½
θҲȽϺۣԵĶ߶ԵͻŻ£Ȼͷȫ()֢״
ʱҲȽۣʱܳҪܶ࣬Ҫͺ١
Сԭ⣬ֻΪӦġ
Խ˵Ͻ¶֮ɫҽȻܿ
Щ()ϵ(qng)ûк˵
ҽԺǱ챨ϣҲûӻۣҪܶҪ˵ˢӣѹ˵ӡ
ЦЦóģСˡ
С㱻ȫ˵к̲סʣҽҵЩ𣿡
ÿθۺΪʹ̫ǿȥҽԺֹ۲жȹ
α겻αҪƣҲķա
ҽҲ˵ԽаɲԺ
֮ǰȻĴ㣬ȥ˹һҪлκãԼԼ
ͷ()ϵʪ԰ιһܽС
η͹ԳҩŴҩƣһҾܺáһ䡣
СҪԣǾ鷳ҽΪιƣ֮ٿҩ
Ȼȫ˵׼ˣҲҺҳҩ׼ʲôι󿴿Чپ
ͷã
⼸˼״ҲŰɵ
һڷʧϺ()ϳһЩ(qng)׼ҩҩһơ
һЩ֣ƽ޷죬ùټʷЧûзġ
Ϊҩԡҩϡ
һһ()ûʲô⣬ҪƤõĻһЩˮͿԡ
()

1081.1081 ôһ

1081 ôһ
֮˵ͷͷǵǵ()(qng)ˡ
˻ЩŰɣȴҲ׼ԣҪûЧ͵ӣЧ͸ˡ
СҪιޣͽ¥
аι޵Ч鵽ʵûˣҪƣҪʵңҩ赹ǿʼĹȥ㡣һΪιһ˵
СҲҪ볢ûЧжܲʵҲ׼õģ
ΪСޣҩѺ͵ַҽ棬һԼ뿪
źһ˶СʣоôǹӰε()ϸоֵֹģ˲ٵĺӡء
СЦ˵ãι֮Ҹо˶˼֣ҪǸо()Ҳů˲١
ҽ˵ӡ֮ͻ䵭ʧ׼ʵȥιԡֻ()鵽Żҽ
˼˻ЩŰɣаɣʵȥûЧǵøǡ
СĲκã˵ãȥҩ
һһܵһЩ˽һûС
صʵλͻ
ɲصʱ䶼ѧϰƵˣħҩĺһЩֲ
Ѧ˵ϡ
Ц()Ϊһ裬Ѧ
ƷȵĶȽϵ趼ϲ͡
ѦӹһڣҽΣ
ʵЦ˵һͼλѹ˿⣬û⡣
ǲʶ֪ҽҽҪǵȥҹ㿴ܶҪŶ޺š
ѦЦ˵ëҩȫˣ
ΪѰȫ֢״ûлҽֻǶ˵ĳҩָʱŰɡ
Ͼ()ҽԺҲû취ҩôʱȫ
ɻȥҩ˭֪()ۿɼһһãƵ򼱵Ƶʲϼ٣ڸǳ׻ָϲҲˡ
˶þߣŶȫˡ
Ҳĵ̣ëûء
Ц˶ˣҲŻôһġ
ԼҽȽţ˲ùǫ顣
϶ôһģ˵ҲܿˡѦЦ
漴˼һתﵹһСҽĻᣬֻǲ֪ûȤˡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1082.1082 Ȱ˵

1082 Ȱ˵
Ѧô˵ʱ˼Ȥ
ʲô᣿
ѦЦŵҿһֹ˾һҰĿȻҪҽһ𡣡
֮ǰҵһҽʱ˵޷ȥμӣ׼һ
ǸĿعʱȽϸߣβμӵǻһӰۺһߣҲܺãܹעȱȽϸߣҽôȥμӵĻҽݿ϶˺
ѦЦżҽôãʹýͿƣЯôҪʲô⣬϶ǿҲԸõĴ
ֶαȽ棬ȻǵİʩıȽϵλ˭ܱ֤һʧ
ϴһֹ˾Ҳ˸Ұ㣬˭֪һλӰˣֵúܴɲ뷢(qng)
û뵽Ѧ˵Ļ˵μӵĻҪʲôʲôǰβͿ𣿡
Ѧҡҡͷص˲μӵλ⣬ҽսĽʿϴҵѡˣ˷ֳȫ̶ֱ
μӵĻҪ˭βҪһ¼ƽĿһμСĻ
ҰʵԲǰо籾(qng)
һ֮䲻ǰദԾ籾ʱǩ˭һ飬ڰͶ̡鵼ݺˣ֪(qng)(qng)˵һ顣
ҽҽܸȴΪûԾҺǼҰҽҲ޵ġȥμ㣬չ¶ҽú֪ܶǲ涼϶Ľġ
귽ҲԺҽͬ
ò()ʶܺãҽҲбϣҪȥμӵĻ֮ǰѡ˻ʣһֱȰ˵
ҿٸ𸴺𣿡˵
ѦЦŵǵȻģϾҽ࿼Ҳá
ֻʮҪʼˣԻϣҽһظҲðšһ䡣
ͬ⣬ҪʱȥˣҪʱ䡣
ã𸴡ס
̻ûص㣬Ȼʵ硣
ȥƾ°ˣͷҲˡ
()Ϊ˵Եģһ˵
ԭдѦҪһ˸Ŀᣬвٶʲôʱܼ裬һ뵽˲μоҲÿչȥľ(qng)ҾͰ֮ǰдɾˣд(qng)ȥԸʣµĴԼ1530Ұ~~~
()

1083.1083 ȥȥ

1083 ȥȥ
˳һȲ㡣
ƾʣӶŻϰ𣿡
ǰ()ݱȽϸߣҲ֪ǲӦ
ЦЦһʼЩϰߣһ͸оöˡ
Ӷȵ̫ɶˣ(ͦͦ)ϲġ
ҲЦû⣬ӶŻûսࡣ
Ӷ˵ʱͨ˲ˣûʲôƷദĻҺͽ׼ȴţҪȥ뿪
ȽӦҲϲֵ߶Ĵ̼
ƾ״̬ȽϺãͷǾͶһʱ䣬ڱվȽŸȥǣǱ߼ܶ࣬Ƚϸӡ
ʦ֮Աķֹ˾˱()ħϵļӲ⣬ҲǱ˱()һѡ
ţҲ˵ǲ˶Щ⣬ˣ˻ȥáͬĵͷ
Ҫȴһѻ˵磬˳ǣһôÿηӦô죿
˵Ӷŵ(qng)ѦԼ˵˵ҲûǺõҪҪȥ
()ǱȽȤģعȸõ㣬μ֮عҲߡ
ֻΪҽݴ棬˵˷ǡ
ֻǽ㻳źӣȥ񣬸Ҫȥ˾ϰ࣬ûģԲԥ
ҽݺͽ֮ѡȻǺԥѡ㡣
诺Ȼ˫̥˴˼ȴ̫˽ˣȥɣһĻᣬҽˣָǻȨĽǽȥҲ̵档
˵軹أҲãã˺ˡ
ңȫõģ·Ӧǿʱȥ˱ķͿˡ
õıȽϹ㷺ܶ˹棬ܶ˶뱣ķӶˣ˱ķ
趨֮󣬷ǳ()ᰴָʾ񣬻˹չӤȣܵõ˼ıķ
ƾ֧ȥģﲻõģ˱ķȫʤΣҲᾭջؼҡ
ÿһųһʱļ٣ȥȥɡҲʾ֧֡
͸˵ˣʲôɣչء
ϱһֱ뽫ŵʱĹҽԹģҲһô˽⻪ҽĻᡣ
()

1084.1084 Ϳô

1084 Ϳô
˶ô֧ԼҲͲѡ
ڶ͸Ѧ˵绰˵ͬ⣬˻ǩһԼ
һڼҲס׼ȥӡ
кܶյأȥͿ˿յس˲ٵ˿ϡ«ƹϵȡ
ڿһˮʪˬЧˬˮ˵
עһ꣬ЩȻˬˮպҪҵ(qng)Ϻ͵
ˬˮҲԾҲȱ
Ϣһܣˬˮʱ䣬һܻ߳ȥӰ
һʱԽ˲ûԷ(qng)ԽԽá
һηȥӶŵǱҲӵѦĵ绰Ҫȥʽμ㡣
ѡܺȫļñķˣֺкʱ㣬ŷĵȥѦ档
ʦǱҲкˡ
һʼϻͽȥμ̫˷ʱˣ֪ϲҽ󣬻ͬˡ
ֻ֤һʱͺƵѧϰ
ԽǸѧϰ죬ԽԼǷȱ֪ʶܶ࣬ǺһͣգȻ֮á
ȥǺ˾
㲢¼ƣѡһǣôҰ档
Ǻ˾Ѧ
ΪĿҪ˶ҪǰĿĵأȻ˷ɴʼͻֱҲ棬Ҹһ
Ѧһߴߣһ˵ȽϷḻʲôⶼý˵Ŀֱϵҡ
˯ʱ䶼ֱƽҪ绰һ߼˵ȣñܿķΧ
ǹ˾ͶʵĵһҪʵԭҰ(qng)ǿչԼȽʵһ档ѦεͶʲСǱҲܸߣϣܹһº
ĿҰҲ٣ܶ඼ǰվ籾ߵģǵǻԭʵ
ǻḶ́ϷĹ̻ÿμ˵()ӣҪԭ֭ԭζʵûòμӽĿǰĬ
ҪɹҪʧܣص㿴μӽĿôˣ˶Ǻڴġ
()

1085.1085 ҲܳΪһ

1085 ҲܳΪһ
μӽĿˣһҽⶼǱѡģҲ
òκʿҿ϶ѵģ֮δżδҽҲܳΪĿһ㡣
Ѧǽֿ˴ֹ˾˵ǿ
ȻӴĲ࣬óֽ(qng)̫()Ůŷĵ롣
治룬ǾԻһ
Цŵãû
к˼ϣѾߺŷɴϵˣֱӹȥСѦ()ΪͶ̣ǲȥֳġ
رǺһϻ˵
ʾ⣬û⣬лѦˣ
ҽҪһҪлκòءѦڰ֡
Űųȥ˷ɴĳ˴㡣
ͣߺŷɴȵǴ·һ³ͼһ̷ְҵװȥŮЦ˹
ҽã˼ϣܸ˼㣡һº͵Ц֡
ֹ˾Ľһ(qng)¶ǸӰۻӰ
ӰΪкȦˣΪ°һλ½ӰС˭ֱ֪Ӱһλμҽδδйġ
ûκӣӡ
ϲŮӢЦź֣ãϣʱ䣬ദ죡
Ҳ뷨˼̧ͷһƣɴжʮɣȥɡ
ãͷһ˷ɴ
Ǻ˾ṩרŵİɴĳ˿ֻ˼Ϻڡ
º󣬿˿տĴЦʣ˶ǳķɴȥ𣿡
˼Цǵģ˾ΪǶһҵķɴǰԼûĻɹ˾һ
ֱѾǿŰǣ·ɴ֮ͻֱҲǸµĵһӡʲôĶҡ
˵ҴûвμӹϽĿҪעʲô𣿡
˼ϻصȸһӡεǻԭʵֻԼСڲμӽĿĹУҷ⣬һʱ˵ģҲͬҡ
е˿ͣʵʿܾͻȽϽ(qng)ȣ˵ҲûãϾʱһ˺ܶ˵ϰ߾ͻ᲻ı¶
һκӴһӡǷǳõģƯšִһ˵ŻоҲȽϺദ
Ȼϣʵһ棬ֻҪֺܱãӮòĹԵϾ˭ϲ(qng)ˡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1086.1086 ȶȵģ

1086 (r)ȵģ
ǲԶɴԼСʱʱ䡣
ͺ˼˻ᣬȥϢ£ת۾͵ִĿĵء
ɴִǺ˾һȥ
ʱĿѾȺڷɴ棬һķĳţҽãǹģϳɣ
΢Цãлл
źͺ˼һϳĳҲֱͨǰת˳ȥ
ֱĻм򵥵Ľܡһóҽҽ
֮ǰѾ½ִֱǰĹҲ˽⣬һִˡ
ΪֵܸߣʱȽϳڣܵ˲СĹע
[ҽƯ]
[û뵽ֵߵľȻҽ֮ǰΪСء]
[ֵ()ʣȫԳ˰]
[˵ҽʲô⣿û]
[֪Ҳûֿտûдκҽ豸ҽμӽĿİɣ]
[пܣ˵ģȥɲҽ]
[ĻĿǲ̫ˣ˵õҽأͶİɣ]
[ȥ֪ˣ(r)ȵģǿɲͬ⣬ʱǿҪĿ黻˾ˡ]
Ǹ룬ҽпҪΪ˳ְҵ(r)ȵģð˲ٵĺڷ
˼һֱڹעֱ(qng)(r)ȣ֡
ſʱҲöԷҽ̫ûдκεҽ豸ᱻᡣ
ʵҲԹҽҲĪ֪Ҫôˡ
ǹ˾ͶʵĵһĿȻӦòΪ˲(r)ȵģϾǻԭʵ
ֻҪҽôںڷԽ࣬Խ࣬Ҳ(r)Ȳϴ׵ĻĿʡ
˼ڿն˵ֱڳҲĵ˽ȥۡ
ЩԼۣв˵ǻƿЦЦ
ķ˰СʱͣǽһС㳡ϡ
֮ǰӴ򿪳ţ³ڽĿ鹤Ա£ߵ˺˻ϵĵط
һ߹ʮ뿴˹졣
о޵ġоȵġüġвмġνġҲдġ
ĿһӣЦźʹҽܣһλִҽ
ֱֶʮˡ
()

1087.1087 

1087 
ڶԷʱ΢ЦЩ˵ͷ˸к˶̬ȶѺãҲмټȽ䵭
Ҳ⣬μĿĿĲΪ˳ҽ׼͡
ʮ˽һߣ˴֮Ҳʶˡ
ЦŵεĽĿҰֱ㣬ظλѾ׼
Ǿɣǻᰴǵְҵֳ飬зֱװ123СǸ飬鵽ֵͬ˾һ顣
ǴҶ֪ģԲûʲô
ֻǺüﶼϣҪ鵽ҽһͲרҵҪǳʲô£϶ûȳ
ܿóֽд123ʮֽСֽСӵһ͸ĺﲻϵҡҡ
Ŷߵǰǰ棬ӰۣһŰɡ
ãһ忡ĶŵӣЦֽȥץһ
Ҳ￧λһȳ顣
һΰ˳ץһҲѡ񣬺ʣһ
ץ󣬴ŷ׷½򿪡
е顣
һӴС򣬿ǡɫ¡
ôôߣ鵽˺ǸҽŮһ飬ҰΣյģڳ鵽ҽ
㲻(qng)ԸҲֻˡ
ûкһĲ˶˿ûã
򲻴ףѵˡ
ӰޡС()೼սս½ħʦ褣ǰ˶еģһŮӡ
֧˵İ£Ѹټһ
ĳ೼һЩ(qng)ԼôԼһ⣬˵ûʲôִ(qng)
鵽ķ飬⼸ȦǶЩϧûܺһ飬λӰ۲ֻݼÿλ󣬻Դ˿СС()ǵ͡
һ飬(r)ȿ϶ãһ೼Ҳ΢㡣
λǵĹӸ磬ȦƱģԴԴ֮ľͻ
ֻϧ˾ȻǸžǻƿһҪǳ˹ƶûϣ
ҽУ⣬һȥص̸ҽСΪ˧ӵһƱ˿
һǸûƯŮӻҽѧңǴҽҵĸ߲Ȼҽѧ绹ûж()ȴǸͷ
1430~~
()

1088.1088 ǻʲôͷ

1088 ǻʲôͷ
˧ҽ̸û¶ִ(qng)෴̬ȻȽѺá
෴ֿʼǸԴӲм¶ġ
󣬿ǴһֵӺᣬʡ
ȻûдֵıֳأһԱ˵(qng)Уһʱ͸ܵˡ
һʼеĪǲвĹҽɼʺ͵Ǽ˼
ܿҵԭˣֻ᲻ʱ͵һۣϲһڱصá
Ҳ֪ԭԼ޳鵽һ飬˼ҵĺ£⼵ޡ
ֹ۲ޣԻ̬(qng)һַУǾֻ˵(qng)ˡ
󣬻ʵǲģЦŶʣܻ𣿡
֮ԻμĿȫǳģȻҪͶԷһˡ
£ȻǸЦЦ˼ҽǽĿͶµķ̣޷顣
Ҫܻ飬ǲ(to)ˣһӰһ飬һ飬ǻʲôͷ
ǰֹ˾Ұ㶼ĳͨڼŷŵϣ״ֱʽһʼҪľòĥ
ﲻˬҲ֪û취οԼֻҪ޴һҲܱûǿ
޵ĵһۣ˻ȥ
һѣҪŮ֮Ҳ磬ŲܶԷʲôʰ
飬óſЦ˵Ѿ磬ҾסٳҰ⡣
ͬԺӣкл滹вͬʳģǰһţճе䡣
ʳĺ͵϶ֳɵģҪǴ
ˣնϵǱҲʹãǷ档
ڳ˶׼ܽ˵
ÿƳһǰȥǩޡ
ȥĻûо˵ѡ٣ȥһţѲԼͬü
ܿ˽򿪣鵽Ժ£ĳ迴ȥҲȽϺɵõ̧̧°ͣԱҲ˿
һ鵽ҲУֻ޳鵽ԺӿűȽưܡ
ޱǸЦŶ˵˼ҽã
˶ЦЦûϵ´ٳõס
೼Ŀ˿Ƭһۣû²ۡ
()

1089.1089 ֻ

1089 ֻ
ĿСֱɷһԽҰʱǵĴߡ
Ц֣ˣھλس鵽ԺϢɣһǼǰҰ⿪ʼʽ񡣡
һҲ˳½ȥڵڶţ޺೼һš
ǴͷĻ࣬żһ䡣
ͨģ˶ദ೼ȻЩƢеòҲеġ
ܿԺһ߸ӣ䣬һһ
ЦŶ˵Ůʿȣѡһɡ
ûзԣѡһ䣬˲ѡ
ʵ࣬һ()һªν೼ȫȴҲû˵
˯ģҲֱεĵطϢһСʱ޲Ž˽һ
Ҹղȥ˿ֻеϺʳģǲܶǱȥԣҪԼ
޸ɿһʣ˻𣿡
ԼǲģǰҪᰲźãҪǼıķ
೼褶ҡҡͷ
ƽҲģЩᱻźá
½Ҳֻ῾()
ƽԷսʳãؼұķˣ῾()ΪսųҰѧġ
ĿȴûбʲôϣŽ͵ô죿
Ҫ¼˵ƵȻŪɣֻζ治ұ֤
˿ԼЦŵͷһ
һ㶣漴˿ֻҪ˻ͺãܳԾУǵҪ󶼲ˡ
ǽ鷳ҽˣǰְɡ޲ûΪԼӰ۾Ͱڳһȵ̬ţȽͨ(qng)
ûоܾð
Ȼ()ȥ˳()߲ˣ棬Ҳȫ(ͦͦ)ġ
ǰæ˺ϴ˰ɣġ
Ҳûԣ˼ȥϴȻź裬Ҳѡ
ߵĳ˵ǱȽϺгġ
Ͳôгˣǿģ˴˼ҲնϹ۲(qng)
ǷʳĲͬʳãһȴҲľͱȽϲˣû()ֻм߲ˡ
ԭԺӵĻ״˲˺˵ɫҲ̫ÿ
ûа취ֻˡ
Ϊû˭ֻܴնʳƵֳһ⡣
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1090.1090 ȫǾ

1090 ȫǾ
ӣ˭ƵҲ⣬˭ϴ˭˭ϴʰ
һŪһǩ˭ʲôʲô
ԭҲҪѧɻԳԼ()ݲʺȥժˣ
ĸﶼܲ˭ҽѧңǶҽֻҪǱȵߣҲûȤܡ
һ˻⣬һҲЩ()һŮǣҲȥϴˡ
սŵֻεȥҪЩˣԷˡ
ܿͽ()˳ϴĲҲȫгŵ
ҿ()в˺ҲȽϺãɵ˿ա
ܿ죬ͨ()Ͳбһʳزֻܺã֮ǰڳζ˲öӶˡ
޴˽˶˳ȥҲ߹¡
ڳӵˮΪÿեһ֭
һºЦŶӿȻûгԣźž֪϶ζȾҽһˣ
Ҳ׷׶ٱҽˣ
ԭѾ׼Ժڰˣ˭뵽ܸһϲ
ЦžٱҶһӣ˴óĲͬÿ
˸ɱȻ˿ӡ
ҸԼ˲˷ŵһ˲۾ˣоǾϲ˵ζȫǾˡ
ʼ(qng)Ը೼¶Цݣܿ뵽˵УһԵüЦ
ֱĻǰĹڣܿǳԵ滶죬ĲӦúζ
(qng)ȫ෴ʳľҪ٣ҲóƵҲǿܳԡ
ٴֱϿĲˣٿԼģ͸ûʳ()ˡ
һԷղá
رǶ飬һںֱ³ʮ㣬Ÿ벻ˣһŮҲֻǿھͷˡ
ɫ˳ŪճһΡ
[û뵽ŮҽķֵҲôߣԵô㣬ζ϶]
೼ҲȦһɺ
ޡƢڷۡ()ΪΣƱģ治ͻؼҼ̳мҵ
ҪǽĲĲóԣòĲ²ۣҲԣķ˿㡣
[֮ǰ޺ͳҽڣٳܷⷽˡ]
[ҽˣĿĸоҲ㣬˷ˣ]
һʳ(i)߶ֱ·תۡ
()

1091.1091 Ϳô

1091 Ϳô
Ϊˣһӡ
֮ǰЩˣҲûϼ
˺ӡ󣬻Ǳ߾ò˷ˡ
[ͣûжԱȾû˺ѹʳʣ඼ܲңҽֱ³ˣζ]
[Ҳðɣܳԣҽ()˼ôôԼ]
[һǳǩģͷɵо̫ˣ]
[ͬҽôôأ]
[㶼˵˼ҽˣֲǱȳգóԣҽϿ϶ͱȲ˼ˡ]
[ǰŵһ죬ûӦأҽ֮Ľҽɲǳա]
ҲһЩ˳Ϊ˵ȴ˲١
ϴʰ(qng)ͱ褺½ˡ
ҵһμҲ죬˳극͸Ի˷䡣
ڶһĿǱ컹ûͽ˽ѣôҸųĿҪ¼Ƶĵط
һ˳Ա˯Ҳã״̬
ΪԵĲã˳Ե٣϶ӣ˯Ҳã״̬ҪһЩ
ô类˵ɫҲѿ
ĿǰкǵĿ¼ƵĵطԼҪСʱĳ̡
鿪˶սӵˣһ·϶û˯½˵
Ƿſ˯˾һ˹ĳƿ
ⷽĶԱҲȽԡ
˵طɽһյأܵľѾĿƳ
³˳˴ǰ
ｫǴҵľסʮĴӪһ̿ʼеԼˡ
ҿſտĵطе£ǴӪסǷ񣿡
Ц̯̯˵ȻҰ㣬סȻҪԼˣҲΪ
ǱߵɽкܶʵľͷǿԼľݡ
ָָ֧һߵĸɽǱߵɽʯܶ࣬Ҳʯͷʯݾס
ĿѾ繺Ҳǲκζ͹һжҪԼȥ档
ԵҲҪԼɭ־һ⣬Ϳôˣ
˻ӻֵʱͿԼˣǻᶨΪǷĳΣգǶֹǵġ
նһͶӰǽ񣬴ӡѰʳᷢնҾͲˣעա
14~
()

1092.1092 û뵽ô

1092 û뵽ô
˺ͽĿ˵ģܿͳһˡ
ڳ˶ûвμӹҰ㣬֮ǰǿ˾ͶʵģǸǼӹģֱ
ҷҲɽĿṩ֮ǰһֳûǩס
εĽĿȽϺݣʲô¾ͽǶˡ
תͷ˵ֻаµʱ䣬ҪͽһľݰɣҲȰʯͷ㡣
ãûзԡ
һ鳯ԶȥǱߵľȽϽʵľݱȽϷ㡣
״Ҳֻεͬѡ
μӽĿǰǶͽĿǩ˺Լע˲Ұ˻Լ⳥һǱҵΥԼֻӲͷƤϡ
㱾Ͳģʵ֮ǰ˾˻Կ׼ֻû뵽Ŀôݡ
һ˵֣½һ˶סĴ˵Ǹ͵յء
һˮϵߣ۳ˮи
ô˵鷳½ˣ
ˣһ飬óҲͬÿ˶Լ(qng)˵˵İţûܣܵĻ()ʲô
ȿͷûܣԼʻףսԣС
һ˿϶᲻Ҫһæ̧С
ô˵ҲеϾȻѡμӽĿǶϣõģ˽˴˺Ҫ
½ӿڵˮϵżߣҲܼʻףֵԽˮҲҡ
˵ǻϵߣȼȴߣֻ弶óľħƻ£ҿԸľģԺԷ߿()Ҳҵܡ
೼ʼʵ˵ҲߣҲұȽóǳ裬ҲǺܴ󣬲һ޸һ̧ľͷġ
ҪǻŲֿȴ()ɼ
Щںͼͷģһ֮¾μƽĿˡ
˳ǲ»ԼǮΪ˳˿ǲ뱻ͷͼ˿䣬ֻҧ֡
Լѡ·ŹŶҪꡣ
˽뿴
Ц˵һҽóҽͳգҲһ˼Ŀռϵߣɡ
()

1093.1093 ʡŵ

1093 ʡŵ
ն˶һַڹܣֻҪɢϢһ㶼Ҳܵȼ
ô˵ڳļ˶㶣Ȼû뵽ϡߣѾ˼ˡ
ܵǵ񲢲ȡ
ͨʱʹ߼ߵĵʣʵµҪͺܶࡣ
һǧܵһߣҪһвܵһ
֮ܵȼ߸ߣҪԴӷḻǶԴʯĵȼͱߣи߼ԴʯҲҪܶࡣ
ߵ棬ҲΪƬ̫Ӵ󣬵һͱ򶼴˿Ҳ֪ĶٱȻߵ٣ͱȽϿɹۡ
߳ȥˣͨˡ
ֻһֻܴҪ()ʺ;ﵽcܼʻףҲһ˿ܼʻףƬƺͻ㡣
޶Լ黹(ͦͦ)ģ೼Ϻȵɣ˶ǻߡ
Ұ棬սʿôûߺá
Ц˵(qng)ǺܺõģرӵпռܣԺԵʳױʹˡ
Ҳͬǰ˼ߵսǱǺˡ
ʵȥȽţǶܴġ
½Ϳʼˮп˵Űᡣ
һֱͨƵֱ۲ӣǾȻߣ̲סЩĽ
Ҳѧҽܣһ黹óսλ⣬ҽ̸Ҳߡ
ͱȽϱˣֻսλսߣͨˡ
¡½ˮпȻôٶȴҲر졣
ԼʮҲſһô״޽೼һǰһ׼̧мţҲչλŮ˼
ϧȻˣȴȽӴᣬһǰһȴ̧̧˵ˡ
̧ô죿೼Щɵ۵˵
᲻ȥôľݣղʹеȴƶˣ˵ˡ
Ҳ¶εɫ֮ǰ̫ˣ
ȻߣȴĻϵܸòϡ
״Цɡ
೼ɴ۾ܰᶯ
ôŰɣ
һܶҿԽյռȻƬյٷų
ʵҪֶᵽյǱȽɵģ뻹ˣʡŵǡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1094.1094 һŮ

1094 һŮ
ôһ˵ҲŻȻ
԰ǿռߣԽŵռǾͲȥ((Ʊ))İľˡ
ռ߾Ǻð೼Ұ̾
ϧ˵ǿռܣܶûС
ЦЦðɣ
Ž½Ƶ˿ռȥյؽˣٹ͵ڶá
ã˸һؿյأľݣȥľͷԽԼܶʱ䡣
Ҳڿľͷͬսŵ߿˰ˡ
ȴûпռߣһ̸ҽߣȻѾǽľ˻
ʣµ˶ߣȽ()Ůˣ᲻
߾ｫľĿС֮һ˻ȥǻǿһɻŮ()Ӷ᲻ﵹæͲˡ
˼״ֻεȥѰʳҲܽԼʱ䣬Ų(qng)ԸȥҳԵġ
һߣľķ˳޺೼͸һѽĿµĸͷ
ǿȥһˣȻһľĻûãЩΡ
޺೼ȻˣȴǺܴ󣬽ʮֵĳһԼһѷ졣
ٶȥҶסľˡ
߹ȥڵãɡ
޺೼ͬʱ㶣˵
ͷǰǴľĴľݣȥҳԵģȻҪӡ
ҪȥҳԵģҺ褴ľġ벹
೼ͷ󺹣Ŀڴ֮ǻ£ôö𣿡
()˺󲻳Ÿͷģ
ö߹ȥеĸͷù̧ľͷһ
ֻһľģ֮ǰѿѸӣһ¾ͱ롣
ĲֻˣвԶͬһˡ
ǵӼ˼£ܿͽľ˺ü飬ȥ񱡴Сһ
Ȼֽ˻ľķųɼ顣
ǿҸ̧ͷͼһĿɿڴĿԼЦ˵ʲôСֵġ
ȥʳģҺ褴ľݡ
˳˳ǣȻ˵ôɣôôأ
ôɵָͷһŮ𣿺ô˰
()

1095.1095 Ӱ

1095 ()Ӱ
޺೼֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣǰǶӺĸоǺհ
ȿȣˣ೼Ĵָ
֮ǰһ飬ǶֻǿҽĿ(r)ȵģһҪǲȫŻ
ȴת뷨ҽУƾĳպôһòƻ(ͦͦ)õġ
ЦߣܹӳһģͲѾ
ô˵Ҫˣ޿˿õľģЦ˵ҪȥҽʵٹǺðľĴľݡ
ľûҪټӹ̲С
ʲô˼Ҹղ˵ˣһľϵߣٲõȥңľĶˣа취̶
޺೼֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣȻ˫ϵߣҪҪôˣ
һŮ˰˸ɵĻˣ̲סеɬ
೼ٴθɿȣȿȣȥʳģȴľġ
Ȼ޿첽뿪ˣȥĶӵĸо
Ҳû뵽ôǿߵﶼ˾壬۾Ŀҽ
Ҫʲô𣿡ʡ
ָָϵľģһڿӽľĵĵײ񵽵ȻһȰľݵĿܴһ᷽ٹ̶
ãҲϣԼܰæ(qng)
ִӲԶͷʼڿӡ
ĿȻ˶˲ٸߵġ
ֻǶԭʼΪҲԼ֣ӽĿĿͷ
ϿֱҲģˡ
[û뵽Ưݵҽôһ֣һ]
[ʼſҽǶΪ˼(r)ϺȵģȴԼشˣǶ෽˲ţ]
[ǰղſ޺ͳôѾɰۻˣû뵽ҽȴǣûз˿ҽģˣ]
[һ㶵ȷʵˣ˵ҽľϵٶܰȥʳĶӵĸоţÿ£ؼҡ]
[޺ͳ()Ӱ]
[ֻ޺ͳԱһ˹ҲҪ()ӰĽʺޣΪʲôûҽأ]
[ͻȻ(i)޺ͳķӦ̫(i)ˣҽģ˧һ˷ˣ]
()

1096.1096 ˲ò

1096 ˲ò
֪æľٶ޺೼ķ˿һ¾תӡ󣬲˻ʼ
Ҫ֪Դޡ೼һǵķ˿һɥ˵Ҫˡ
ǵϹҪô죿ҽò⣬òƾûˡ
ͽıȴǣ˲ܿ棬ҽûϺȣǿġϹ֪Ҫ۳ʲô
ܿ褾ʹľݵĿܡ
ֻص֣һѾõ
½֮ǰһ߿һҲڹۿֱƵͬûôͣ¾ͽˣû취ôôȡ
½ʹܿʵ(ͦͦ)ѾģٶҲô졣
Ļ¾ܸ㶨
ԭ͵͵ģʵǲ¶ɭ֣¶һ֡
ȻղѾչ¶˴ҲνˣҪҰһ𿳰ɡ
½֪ܽܽԼʱЧʣȻܾãһ죬ȿȥǴľݡ
ţͷȻӿռóһѸղӽȥĸͷҵһúܴ׳ĴͿȥ
ֻǼ£ֲܻסĴֱֱĵ˵ϡ
ܿʮ֮һ½˳ǣҽҪҪôͣ
⻹ŮȷԼ͵ߣ
˵İɣżߣսŵս(qng)Կ
½һģգգۣҼˣ
ȿȣɣҾͲ˷ʱˡ½Ծջܣ⿳һ˼ܿʮãͲ׳ˡ
óܱͲʺϿǸʺϻս
ȥҲаˡ
Ƕʱˡ
[ûжԱȾû˺Ҫ½ս()Ӱ]
[½սôôء]
[ҽ˧Ҳô˧˲֪ЧĶӯˬĿ]
[ǰֻſܻܴ³ҽȴһŸУֵʵ()]
Ƿ׷ʵҲû뵽ôͣǴ¾ͱˣƽֻ͵߲ſ˲ò࣬()һ㶼ͻأ
·ȥѰʳˣҲֱͨľ׳٣˷׷׶ЦЦ
½򶼰˵ûã̫ˣ˸ᶨ뷨
()

1097.1097 ˭뵽ô

1097 ˭뵽ô
ŽľҪõľĿ˺½һȥ
ųֿʼģɵþ
½ԾµľĺһڿӼܡ
ܴĲ࣬Ǳ޺೼ҲһЩʳмֻҰζżӣżֻ㡣
ǵٶȻ죬ǽϾסľˡ޿ѾĴľݿܲɵø̾
ԭļƻҲҪſܴľݣǻҪɣ˭뵽ô
೼еʳķЦ˵ǰҲմҽĹ⡣
Ѿȫͬ޻һ((Ʊ))
رǿԶһ˲ôĶ͸ˣһãޱңԼһ
½Ǵ¿ܣЦ˺һЩҴ̶
ǴľݾӣС߲㣬ԲôѾ
ô˵½˷׷˺Զһ飬ľĻĶ֮ˣҲ׷ͣ¶˹
̧˫ֶ˶˾ͼɫС˳ȥ
Ƭ̺󣬵ͻȻð٣ȻŴõľмʮֵļӲֱӴ͸ľơ
ԼСʱңһٲȹ̺õľݳڴǰ
ȥûаֲڸУΪϵҶһЩǵС׺Եľݺܱ£һ԰ζ
ڳŵٴξˣ׷׸̾ԭľϵܻô棿
ֱҲˣűƯľݣһɴ۾
[еľݲһñ£ҿŶסˡ]
[ҽľϵܺǿܴ߶ٴԷ̶ľݣţˣ]
[Ҳľϵߣƽֲû뵽ôãһĴһ֡]
[֪ʶˣҽҴ۽磬ԭҶִͬСҰĿûʲôϣòȴͬ]
ߵÿе߲࣬סİˡųɶͨˣ֮ΪƼ̫ѾγһʲôȽϹ̶˼룬Ҷϰûˡ߿Ƽ߻ס
ҲһƽõܵʱʵǺܶ࣬ڻ˺ͻ׵¡ս
˿ֶô(qng)õ̶ֳȣŻôҸеȺͲ˼顣
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1098.1098 Ϊʲôô

1098 Ϊʲôô
޵Ҳعһ֪ҪԼ(qng)ˣ׷׸̾ҽǵĶ
ӵɵĽôûг鵽һأ
ֻľϵܴ٣ÿ䶼һ
ٱι̵()һΪõĴͳԷĵطٴ͸ľ̶һӺͼӳһЩ򵥵ļҾߡ
ˣľѾɣ˫ַ£ĵɫ㲻
߽ľݲιһȦһ¶˾ϲɫ
()ٴģιȴӲֻȥһҰƤŵžУҲȥ˯Ҳܡ
ҽˣ
ЦЦǶһӵģô
˿ʱǴʳģͳԿ()ɡ
ã޼˺ԾĽҰζɾ
ĿǱ֮ǰһЩԭʼþ⣬ÿ黹һݵϡ
ʣµľͷڿյ˴ʹûϵܵȼͿʼ()һɹζյء
˲öӺöѾõķӣѾֻƵҰζ㣬̲סĽޱȡ
һǱ֮ǰȥʳģҲһЩҰζ
ŵ()ζҲ׼()
ûлϵߣҪȼ͵ԭʼľȡ𷽷
Ǽ˵ĿʼȡŪ˰СʱŽȼ
߸տ()ǱѾҰζ㶼ˡ
ĳպܺãͬĵϾ⿳ʳĺͱ˶ǲͬġ
һȷһֻ㣬Եһھͷ׷۾һúóԣ
ҽĳ̫ˣҵһγԵôóԵĿ㣡೼̲סһ߳һ߿ޡ
½Ҳ̾ĵζĺܺãҲҳԹóԵĿ㡣
Цŵл佱ϲԣǾͶԵ㣡
߳ԵĻ죬ͺܿ((Ʊ))ˡ
һ鿾()սŵսòѳԣԱ鴫ζҳͬһ
͸ˣһϢŮǲŻ˿ȥЩǱҰζ࣬Ͳ˳ԡ
˼״޿ĸо
ҲҲϣǱϺȡ
˼һŮͬȥʳһȴ˵˫
ΪʲôŮ˺Ů֮Ĳô
()

1099.1099 ôͲˣ

1099 ôͲˣ
Ҳֻһĺۡ
˶ûʲôѾùУִŶȥ()
սŵսֻܺȥȡ()
ս()Ҳѳԣɶڻ޹˵˵¶ӺܶȴҲ̲סԹ
(i)ԾͳԣԾˣԼȥսƳһۡ
ҪŮ˻µı϶ʰһˡ
һһҲ̲ס˵ҰĿͲģп()ԾͲˣǵǩԼʱӦ뵽ԾͱԹˡ
˵Ļսż񣬻ͣ
Ƿʲô˶֪
೼նֱ̲ס̾ûг鵽һ顣
֮ǰжʧ鵽һ飬ھжңǸҽѰ
½ս((Ʊ))һֱʰ̯ӣЦǰǳ鵽顣
黹Ͷȥľ˯ƻ˯һȥϵʳ
ôУԼ϶ͣܲ
ľĹָо۵̲ס˵Щ(qng)˵ַӾܸ㶨æɡ
Ūôʱ䣬ľݵĴֽȣܴסٰľġ
ս׷ЩֲģƾʲôҪǣ
(qng)˵ô򵥣ƾʲôͲܰһ£ֱ׳˵
׷۸æԼȥɡ
(qng)
һۣȥȥ
ת()ȥľݣûֱȥȥ޷š
޸˯žͱѣüͷ()š
ǻŵüͷ˼֣ҽ£
ȾһΣ()()˵޸磬ҽǴľݡ
֪()СƢܴ󣬶ǵС˼ܷУǲһģҽȥæʡ
ôͲˣ˵ɣǾ֮ͣôͲܰˣάʱˡ
дżֲͷӦȥҽҡ
ί˵һĶӳԸæͺˡ
()

1100.1100 ҿɲԲ

1100 ҿɲԲ
޶ֱ׳ģӦ
ҽҵĶѣֲҵ£ƾʲôܷԸ
˵ֲģûǣȻĿİţҾͺˡ
һģȻҪվߣ̫Ϊˡ
Ҫˣ㣡˵ϧĽŹϡ
ϲ˱ŸίŴ˼벻ͨһС¶ѣôһԸæ
һ߹ȥš
кͽ˵ž˳š
һίдŭĿԼĪҽ£
£æġƯùֵһּޣ꾫
˵(qng)УŮôȻ˼æ
üæҼǵǲһİɣ
ɫ̫õ˵һͲܰæ𣿶˵ľô򵥣˳־ͰˣҲô࣬ôô˽
⻰ЦҽвȥΣȻԼһҽҽ㻹ȥҽԺ¡
ɵĴľݣƾʲôҪ㣿ֲҵ˭
Уƾûòһ˰æǱǷǮģֲŰ򣬸Ҫ㡣
ɲˣСƢĵط治𵱳ͱǩԼμӽĿ
ҿɲԲ棬±Ⱦ˵꣬ȻӦͽŹˡ
ΪǴСƢŮˣһǾԶ֮ġ
ԷҪȻҪȫˡ
û뵽ԼȻô񶾵ķһ١
ɫѿ˼㣬̲ס̧صĲţһĲݵģ˽ûʵŮˣ̫ˣԲУ־ͳ
Сɻû˸ôɻֱ
׼磬صͻżּĽ
ԭĺ(qng)Ҳƻˣٴš
׼ͻȻо()תȻֱֱķ˳ȥ
ԭ뽫߷ɵģ뵽ֱ߷ɲ̫ʣǽӳȥ
Ů˺αΪŮˣԭúƽϣȴôߡ
űӷڵǱĻ˵ңҾͲ㣬㣡
ԴŮˣϸ޷˵ͨԾֻñֶνˡ
ֱôģ߿ܻԼһ㶼⡣
()

1101.1101 û뵽ô𱬵һ

1101 û뵽ô𱬵һ
˵ת()ֽŹϡ
Ҳڹעˣ޷ս㿪ն˿ֱ
һɴ۾Ȼû뵽Ȼôֱӽӳȥ
˶ûԤϵģϾӼһ濪ʼ˵ĸоºͣƢ()ҲȽϺã˭û뵽ô𱬵һ档
Ĵ˶֣Ҳܷл˰æȴһӦðֱ׳ģֲ˭Ƿġ
ֱǰҲ¡
[ҿҽȻô𱬵һ棬˧]
[Ҳҽղ˵ƺ˧˵ģҲÿᡣ]
[˼ææˣӵǲ̫ˣ]
[ָ(ƨp)ҽôûòһ߸ϵģæ˼Ҳ˼˽ҲҪȥ¥ҲǸԲаɡ]
[ǣֲһ˼ƾʲô㣿õ°ܣ˼ҽȷʵֲǷģΪʲôҪ]
[һǵһμ˰æôģֳʶˣ]
[ӵĺã˾̫ΪˣΪ˭]
[ȻҽΪЩ𣬵һ׼վʵҽˡ]
[ȷʵ̫ˣԼ͵˰æҲû⣬֮ǰء]
[޺ҽûкһ飬ôôأ]
Ȼżð˵Ĺ֣Ǻܿͱûˡ
ر޵ķ˿ҪǸĻǶָŻıˡ
ҲһϲԴֲҪ(())˾͸ȻҪű
ͬʱ˶µ֪ȴûоʲô⣬()(qng)ҲܷϽĿּ
ҲǵһڽĿϷ(qng)ԭҰĿûȤһЩҲ׷׵һһС̨ףõݺͶ̶Цˡ
û뵽ֻˤȫ()ۡ
޵Ҫȴ治ȥţ֮ǰֱǿģ֮ɽӷɣֵͣôôǶ֡
ݺ޼£׼Ŀ˺󣬾Ҽ˱
ԽԽί̲ס˳Ȼվ()뿪һ˶
[ʲô(ɧɧ)((co)co)оС׻]
[ܿͲ(i)ɻˣС׻Ļ]
[Ů˲ֻС׻һҪˡ]
[˭һ˭ùֻϣƽ㣬ҽȷʵ]
[˵ܶҽƢЩ֣ǹϵҽѧҽҾͰݰݰɣ]
ȻԻܷУǴҶҽûлɡ
ȴΪ(qng)˺һҽʵ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~
()

1102.1102 Ǹ

1102 Ǹ
һСʱ޷ϢôſڼϣҲն˳߳ȥ
ʱĸ˿Щͬ
ЦϷʵղŷ(qng)ûŵǰɣ
ҲûԼ嶯ˣȻЧŮ˲û(ɧɧ)Լˡ
ЦûбŵֻЩ⡣
Ȼ(qng)ɷϿŻ(ͦͦ)ˬġ
೼ûй˼ɵЦ˵ɵƯԴŮ˾͵ֲǷǣƾʲôҪæ
½褶ͬĵҵġ
Ҳһ÷ֵһˣûֽ(qng)ģǾͺã
߰ɣȥԣҪҰޣҲ˳˯㶨޵
Ҷǲ뷨һɭȥ
˻ڿ״ҲֻܿЦĽ
ҰûֻһЩСҰζҵһЩܳԵҰ˺Ұ
೼˿ŵҰζ̲סǽİ£ᶼҪԿ()ɣ
ȻĿ()պܺãҲ壬̫࿾Ķϻ𳤶Ƥ
Կ()Ҳԣʯʯܽ()ųˡȽо顣
ҽᰡ೼ûʲôʯʯ룬ȴø
ҲҰǿմˡ
ŨֲҩҲ٣˳ҵһЩ˻ȥơ
ŴСʯʯ룬ʱ仹ȥԡͰˮϵͻϵߣϴҲܽˡ
ʯ()㣬Ұ֮ζһٴα޵Եǽһ졣
Ŷ洫ζȻҺϵķڣɿеĿ()ȴûʳ()
ΪʲôεҰļ룬ǾǸǿ˹һܿģεģˣ
ҲΪĿһֱڲϽڽⲻѡ
ĿͶ̺͵ݣʵҲû뵽ȻܴôõЧһ̲ס绰Ѧ۹⣬˲Ŷˡ
ѦԼû뵽ҽտ⣬ôͣй⣬Ҳǫ飬ɲڵı
ۻкܶ˺ҽúܺã֮лչ¶ֽΪһ㡣
()

1103.1103 

1103 
ʱ䣬ǹĶУ߼d͡
()()()ųԣ˲ٿʳõҰˣŻĳһ㶼ᣬҳԵĻ(ͦͦ)ֺǡ
û취ʵ̫ˣȫʳ԰ΣʲôҶȫԹ⡣
ֻζɿŵķݣƲ
ǳҳԵģռ˲ٵҰҩġ
()м˾ϻˣﳤһͶ鶼һŮϳ
೼״Һһ飬Ȼ쿾Ķͳˣȴ
˵ǷǳҪģǶӡ
˳ŮǿžŲѣÿ˺ܺķ۵׶ڲס
ƬȻ(qng)ݺӣպ˾ȶǲõģͷԭʵĴңǾ͸ϻˡ
һĵģ÷˿ֱðҲ֪᲻ۡ
̲סȥ˸ҽ
Ļشܼ򵥣ǿҽҽûдûֶϻҩҲûû취
̸ҲûдųϻĶڶ϶ðˡ
ҲûдͽҩҪ˵ƷŮϵĶֳ˼ţһ顣
Ѧѣ֪ԷƵκõģҲ˵ƵֶκǽȻͬġ
˺档
ȻԼŮȥҪʶҽ⣬ҲΪ룬ûп˵˼
ݷƷѦ˵û취Щʧ㶣û뵽ȥ
𣿡ҽûбκεϣϾԷûóĻûĹҽ
̸Цŵ˵ҽҲû취Σԡ
ðɣŮǶ˽̸()ӣ֪ῪڿԼԼ°ͺͲĺ춻̲סͬˡ
ʷҲʧʲô˵֮Ȼûйദ滹ǻкġ
ǵǻʱЦ˹ȥ
ҽæ𣿡˵̬ȱȽг⡣
ܲ³Է⣬Цʣʲôæ
ҲĿŮǣЩҪʲôæ
()

1104.1104 Ļͦʱ

1104 Ļ(ͦͦ)ʱ
ݷƷƴ󷽷ָָԼ
ϻ𣬳˲ٵĶа취𣿡
ֱҲûҪڵģҽ
û˵󷽾ʹһЦ
ݷƷƣǲǵ֢ϻ𳤵ĺ춻ڶ춼ðٶ𣿡Ż
ͻһŮҲЦŸͣǰƷƽɲҪͶҽʱ򲻵޷Ūø⡣
ںϵܺãñڮ٣תͷһۣСʲô£Լβã±κöɡ
̧°ư˵ҿǵһҽѧԺҵĸ߲һԽ()ݺȣʲôұȣ
ЦҵҪλţҽôС
ݷƷ(qng)滹ŪٳһЩҩܻ⣬ʲôûУΡ
ǰҲ뿴ҽжıκ÷ƷƽεøءŮҲԱЦ
ȻͬҲ˶ȴκãĺͻùϵ˸䡣
˵ĻûݷƷƸмǶ¡
üͷ˵ҾҽܲܰæûдӦأǱ((Ʊ))ˡ
ô˵ӡ󻹲
ȻҽǾ͸ҽ̬ͲƣԲ֡
ЦſڣԲ˵ˣҲ
ϵ(qng)أܴ֤ϵĶˣٳʮĵ
ΪݷƷƵҲΪҽݴһ棬Ļ(ͦͦ)ʱ
ͣһɵ˰ɵ̵˵ǿ亣أȽƶʧ֤ٳѲɻǿ
ƳһۣҲұ֤Լǿҽְҵȴ϶ǿ
Ҵʲôʱʲôص㶼Ϊ˿㣬ֻҪûǸϣҲԼ̫ˡ
ԭ˵ģ治ϲԷһΪ̬ȡ
㣡һҭߣҾͿôΣ󻰷ųȥˣҪģڿֱ
ͬĻ㣬ڿֱҪǾòͼ˵̫ҵۡ
˵ĿŵݷƷ()ϡ
()

1105.1105 ô֪ģ

1105 ô֪ģ
ֱԼ()ڶһڶ
ȴҲû˵ŲΪݷƷΣʧ֮һسӡ
һˣߵһľԱ¡
ǳԷͳԣϾľݿ()ʲôĶ㡣
ºһֻҰѰ()(qng)()Ŀҩ
ݷƷƴûʲôֶֿΣȻ˼ˣҲþܾ
һֻ
ڻֻǳԿĶΪ̫ӦĻ㲻ϳˣҲӦóСȽɡſ˵
ݷƷԭûе£Ļʱɴ۾ô֪ģ
ֲֻϵĶˣ˫Ȼ˲С㣬ȷʵ
Ұ⣬ʱҪȥѰʳɹڣǴųͳȵЬĳȹȵ(qng)
ղ̸ҽû˵ϳ˺㣬ֻԼ֪ŻôԾ
Ц˵Ȼǰ()(qng)Ͽġ
ݷƷһ֮ǰ⣬ɫʣҽϵСҲ𣿻᲻к֢
˫ϵСһֱȴץ°̺۾鷳ˡ
ĵС⣬һҩٺȵ㽵ҩȥ
ҿС(qng)Ȼҩŵ
ݷƷͷðɣ
Ȼ󽫳ȹᣬͼСвһƬƬС㣬(ͦͦ)صġ
ͻվһŮǼ״˺⿴źú£ᴫȾɣ
Ȼϻ𳤶ˣȴûôĵС㣬ҪԶ´Ⱦ
Ҳ˺˼Ȼͬ´Ⱦ뷨
ݷƷƼˣҲ֪᲻ᴫȾֻܿ
ͣѰΪԭϻĹʵСëᴫȾġ
ݷƷ˿ҽ鷳æҩˡ
ͷ(qng)ħŵҩģ⼸ռҩľС
()ҩĵľ޸ҩҩ
()ϣڣ˯ǰһΡ
ֽҩݸҩȻе࣬Чܺá
Ϊô׼ȷ˵Լ֢ݷƷҲûԥҩͺȹˡ
ŮǼ״ƳƳ죬ҩҲҺȣ󡣡
ݷƷҲܹˣһۣҽ⣡
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1106.1106 Чһĺ

1106 Чһĺ
ŮǼ״û˵ʲôȴܲм
ݷƷƲǵĺˣǾ͵ſȻʲô޲Ʒҩ඼ĨǺȵҩžͿ࣬ʲôҩ
ȻûȰ˵ݷƷƣҲҩ໹ҩЩס
رΪݷƷƿûó飬ֻ־ҩˣôô֡
ȻܹһжϳݷƷϳС(qng)Ҳеȣֻתһǲµġ
˵ˣһҲûġ
극ʱ೼ԱߵݷƷŪҩ𣿡
ҪûЧҿ϶ǸҪŪ۶ӣֱҽǻ᲻á
ͷдżֵģЦİɡ
Ե߲ˣȻҲϻ𡣡˿ɫѣҪˡ
೼ƽ()ʳԿ()Ż()()Իô߲ˣô˵ⲻɵú˺졣
ʲôĴһŮ˿˵оЩΡ
ҽһǸģ֪ʲôЦõ˵
ȿȣҶԵ߲ˣ೼ɿȼٵļһЩ߲
ݷƷƶҩҩҲûʵʵİնԷ˵Ĳˡ
ְһҩ͹ȥҲȥ
ڵľѾãͬѧŪľͰϴ衣
˯ǰϴ׼ҩ࣬ͷϵС˺ܶ࣬ͻȻòһ϶ûôʱˡ
ʱҲӦˣҩãЧòƺܲ
Ǹ߸˵Ϳҩ࣬ҲͿһ㣬ȥ˯
ڶһ磬ݷƷ˵ˣһʱ()ȥƿ˯ȹȡ
ԭһƬƬȴʱɸɾģǴûеùʲôһľѡ
Ȼ()ȥϴóգŷϵĶȻȫʧˣ۶ûС
ȵǣֻûˣҲǰôɰͰ͵ģ󻬻ģҲ˼ֹ
֮ǰ˵ҩȫͿԤܸƼ̫š
ʵȴ˵ˣҩЧһĺá
Ҳûлױֱܳ˷䡣
ʱҲ½üĿյضݷƷƳԼͬؿ˹
()

1107.1107 ϶

1107 ϶
Ƕܺ棬ܲκݷƷϵĶϵĺ㡣
ݷƷƼ˿Ҳ󷽷̧Ǵ
˿յϲûжƤ(ͦͦ)йĶ˾
ֻһϣȻʧˡ
˵ˣ()Ϊ֪ҽ̸Щţȫ޷֮ǰѧҽѧʶȥ͡
ߵݷƷǰûס˵£
Ҫ뿴ûʲôڼطҩҩЧÿ죬ȴܴ
ݷƷҪɡ
ҩûģȥ飬ΣҲ֮ദ
˲˲õĵǶġ
̸ͷãɡ
ôʱǴľ߳
೼볯ݷƷƿȥϵĶȻʧˡ
컹⴩һȹϻһƬƬСҲûˣɵͬȲѡ
ݷƷƿͿ첽˹ȥҽϵĶϵĺˣҩҩ
ЦЦûʲôҲңɱ˲Ҳ״
ȫʵϾ˽ƬעƷƣҩ޲Ʒɾ˶Ϻ()Ĩġ
βĲǸҩҩ裬ƵҩҲǶһݣݷƷָҺȵľԲࡣ
Ҿ㲻ںҡݷƷԼЦ˵
Ͼһμ㣬ֱҪǺ⣬ǲԼҲᱻ
ӡ󣬲Ϊ˶˲(qng)ˡ
Цŵллң
Ҹղ̸ҽΪ飬һɣҶܷһЩľȽϸߣղ˵Ļ˽ȥ
һȫȫ()ļ飬˵ãݷƷƵ˷ˣҲֱܽϼ档
ݷƷô˵Щ˼̸ҽҲֻǺ档
ʵҽַ̫أҩЧҲ̫ˣʹãܲš
Ӧõģ󷽵ЦЦ
̸Ҳ˶ӡܺãЦ߹һıȽϺ棬ҽ£
İڰ֣û£
ʱҲӷ˳ݷƷϵĶϵĺѾʧɵôһȴͬʲôصҩ
̸ҪΪݷƷƼ飬ǰ֮ãᶨЧôã϶⡣
()

1108.1108 ôܾܾ

1108 ôܾܾ
Ƕ컹ֵǿѧ˶û˵
ǵһ̸ٿڡ
ݷƷڿյصľϣ̸óǼ߶˵ļΪһѪŵ⣬ִרɨĻˡ
ܿ죬˽
ɨȫ()ĻʾݷƷƵ()(qng)
̸һ˵ڵ()(qng)û⣬(ͦͦ)ġ
ųѪǱҲ˽̸϶־ɫѪʾڶһֶƤĳɷ֣󼡷ʹӵĸйл
ǼȽ()ʲô(qng)ǺûԼ
Ӽ鱨ҲԿֻҽҩҩˮƽҲܸߡ
վŵһ˶£Ȼ⡣
ݷƷƵһӦٴԼ콫ҩͿȫ͸оƤûǰôʪ˲٣ǰ첻ױҲܰойˡ
֮ǰһǲֱӳ˻þļҲȷԭǻþҽҩˡ
˫Ŀҽ̫ˣ
ҽУԭҶȴľϲ
ЦҩһЩȻֲ޸õҩƤ
ݷƷƽȽ(i)ٴƷƵĻƷȴһθоԭôЧõҩࡣ
ǵʣȻĻҽӦҲ令Ʒɣ
һҩõĲˣٰܲҵޣһġ
ҩֻһСޣͿûʣʲôˡ
ƤͺܸﲻΪ˱ȻҪٰæޡ
дЦȷʵһЩȻвҩɷֵĻƷûд̼͸á
ҩ໹ĳɷ֣Ѿʺ֮ˣҪŵùң°ר󼡷ɡ
⼸ɭٿõĻݺҩȻû豸ûǿԵġ
ݷƷôܾܾ۾ľˣҵȻҽˣ
ҪƤ״̬ܲļֻҪ鷳ˡЩ˼ЦЦ
ЦЦĻᣬȻŹûϵƽҲԼƷõġ
()

1109.1109 ȫȥ

1109 ȫȥ
ݷƷϸ
̲ס̾ѹ֮ǰһμ㣬ͷƤرĺãԭԼĴȻƷ𣿡
ЦƤ״̬һֱãõȷʵԼĻƷ
ʿľϵߣƤȻ
ƽҲˬˮ˪ãûױƤȥϸۡ
̫вˣֻῴƷݷƷĻ
ΪȥҽԺЧûҩá
ر̸ҽĽӵ
ллΣҵ֮ϸ㣡Ц˵
һҪллأȻҵȾҪˡݷƷ淢ĸм
˵೼˹ҽ⼸Ҳɣ鷳ҲҵһɣҲꡣ
֮ǰֱ֪£֪Ļ϶Ƥˡ
೼ӳ̶ȿɲŮǵ͡
Цŵû⣬Ҹص㲹ˮ࣬ͺˡ
ҽٸҩԣ˵Ǹķˡ೼ϲ(qng)Щ˼ĵ˵
ȻͿˣΪ֮ǰҽе
֪˵ʲôУһҩ裬ȥͺˣҪԵ߲ˮ
ɭĺܶҰǿʳõģζ(ͦͦ)˲ٴ
೼ͷԣҶġ
Ҳ˼Ƿ׷ǰǵ࣬ҵƤ״̬̫ãֲȥԺˮĻӰòܡ
Ҳû˱ˣμӽĿĿıΪЩþǻ棬Ƿ׷ͬ⡣
ԭվڻ()ߵŮǣ״Ҳ̲ס˽ҽ¶ɣҸǮ
һֿͻϵ۵̬֮()ͶŮûøУϵЦ
ҵҩ޲Ʒö˵㻹ұ˰ɡû֮ǰŮӭϻĻȫȥ
Ůû뵽һھ;ܾˣ㣡
㲻ҽҪβΪʲôԣõʡ
ŮѹദƢ()Ǻ񣬡ҺֲһģûҪβҪƵĻȥҽѧԺҽɣ㶻СѲġ
ԷҪ˾ȭͷңȻҾͲˣҪǲſ¡
ҽҲƢģ֮ǰΣһ˵βˣ
˼۵ȥ˲Ż~~гһǵȥ£֮ǰǲһֱţϳ˵տһѣʲô۲ǲҪĸоˡ~~ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1110.1110 ±

1110 ±
ŮǱ̬Ĳᣬȴûа취򲻹
ݷƷѾùԼϵĶֺ֮ǰӦðŻȥ
˭뵽Ů˵ҽмˢӡ
뻹òռϷ磬һЦŶ˵ҽ鷳æҿϵĶҽ֮ǰˣû취
ﲻɵð˻䣬ʲôĸ߲˼һ·ء
صûգⶻҪϻˣȻˡ
ת()޼˵ȥҰζɡ
ãҲŮǰ̬ȣȽӲ
һ뿪ŮĶš
Ҳû뵽Ȼκãﲻˬ˼㡣
ԱߵŮǷ̵ãȥ˼Ҳ㣡
ŮǺ뷴̼䣬ɻ̡
ʱֱҲ׷׾̾ҽ
[Ҹҽܿ÷ƷƵû뵽ȴˣ]
[ҽҲ̫ˣ֮ǰ˺þöûãݷƷƾȻֻһҩһҩͺˣΪʲôû]
[ֹҽ棬ֻβţ]
[ǸҽѧԺŻҽ±ˡ]
[ǰ֮ǰжֺľԼʤҽһжۡ]
[֪ҽĸҽԺҲȥ]
[ӦûĸҽԺɣȻĿ鿪ʼܣ̸̲ҽˣҽֻǹҽȻҲȥ]
[򵥣ȥĿǲʣҽûĸҽԺҲûж⿴]
[Զԣȥʣ]
ǺܶȥĿĹٷ΢ʣִ˲ٵ(r)ȡ
ҲǽĿͶû뵽ģԭΪӦû޼λǴģ˭뾹̫ܵ
(r)Ǻ£Ŀͳһظǻæģŷ
ȥԣȥƸҩøݷƷƺ೼ˡ
ͬʱ೼һƵҩ衣
࣬()Ů()ϵƤ˺ܶ࣬ӵĸйôҶܸˣҲǸ档
ֹһ죬ĿǱһˣֱһѰǣնϹ
ѰҽĿڸصӣѰҵԽʤ
ÿӶһǱҿõСԽѰҵܺϾƻᣬȴûоҽεˡ
()

1111.1111 ûô

1111 ûô
ҰĽĿͷֱʵ⣬һƻͨ
μӵ˿ͨȡǱҿȻȥƶǮβˡ
ҲˣĵģƲֻΪ㣬ҲзģԲܾĻ
ҪǱҿҵĶ࣬ǵҲ
½вסˣеĴԳԷ˯ˡ
ĺãʡŷţ
ЦѰǰŪ£ϢܷܿӵλãҴ򿪿
ãҶ׷ͬ⡣
ް˰أѰʾȻҷִ()вС㣬нԶ
Сӿ(ͦͦ)İ೼Ź˵
½ЦǶŪһЩ
ȥ⼸طȻɢ󷽣ѰȥߵɡָָѰǡ
˵ͷã
ڶһ磬˶һ磬׼ȥѰСӵ
뿪ǰ޺鳤£ȻұܿظѰңѡһƬʣµһƬһȥ
߽ɭ֣ѰϵıʾȥСʱҵӡ
ǷϾڵصס
Ӵ򿪣Ǳҿȡ೼δҲ̫˰ɡ
޿Ǳҿϵܾûô򵥡
ɨɨѰǣ̧ͷԶһʼȸǵͷҲпǷɾ裬ѰѶȻӡ
û´ѰһԽԽѣǱҿֵҲӦûӡ
ڵÿǱҿֵֻһǧǧóȥҲʲôơ
ͬĵͷҽ˵ĶԣҲģǲܷɾ衣
ţ
ѰҹȻ˲ٵ壬˱ޡ
ÿ鶼սŵս˳֣Ǿܸ㶨
еӷ˱ȽõĵطҪʻײɡ
СʱһջӣȻǱҿϵӡ
Ȼ۷ȥϢڶ
ڶԽȥҷѶȷʵ˺ܶࡣ
һϵʱҵһѰһʱ⡣
Ѱǻˣ޿ͻȻѰǶԴ˵
ûѰǣӾǴһ೼ǰѰǣûκηӦ
֮Ҳû취Ҷ
()

1112.1112 Ϊʲôһҽ

1112 Ϊʲôһҽ
˭û뵽ؼʱѰǻӡ
˵ǿѰûл
ŵ㿪ն˵ֱ⼸˼״ҲͬĶ
һѰҲˣ೼
½˵Ҳˣ
೼˸ۣãǽĿ鲼µ塣
ӿʼѰǳĻǻҵ
ε˵ڻ취һ޺ѰǼǿԼȥѰҡ
һһʦϣѰǡ
½˵꿴˿ˣûбκϣʣ˭𣿡
˵ְҵûϷ
˶ҡҡͷᣡ
ȴ˾֣ԣ
ʱȥһ׹˾ѧϰѧľǶԸ߶ʶϷֽ⣬һĽӴס
˹ʦʼһʱ䣬ҲѧϰֻĹ죬Ȼɢ˼άŵϡ
ռ˲ٹڸȽоһ黹˽ġ
֣˶
೼ޱȵʣ㻹
ţ㣡ͷ
޽ѰǵݸǾ鷳ҽˣ
ѰǶˣҪû޺Ҳν޺Ȼ͸õġ
ӹӿռó߽Ǵϸļһ顣
Ȼϵͳùܿҵԭ
ܹŪûָ𣿡೼¿ʡ
Ц򵥣ҷ¾ͺˣ
೼е£Ǳʾ
ֶһѰǵϵͳ
ԭѰڴʱͻȻϵͳóɹУԵȡ
ԼңѰɹ
ű޺õѰǣ೼˳˳ǣΪʲôһҽ⣿Ҳ̫Ŷ˰ɡ
֮ĻһЩС㣬ˣ֮ǰѰǻ˼ٵӵ㡣
ҲˣҾ˵ô֮ǰô򵥣(qng)ʵǱĿˣ滵
ҽѰǣǲ鷳½򲻲ɵø̾
˷׷ͬǰһҽ
ҿ(qng)
೼˿նֱȻֻЦ黹ڰŪѰأһʦû޺ãȴ㶨ˡ
()

1113.1113 ǶŶ

1113 ǶŶ
(qng)˵ܹ޺ѰǵˣӦ÷һʦĪ
˭뵽Ȼҽ޺ã컯Ū˰
Ҳһֱڿֱ۲飬޺ѰǺһˡ
ҽȻΪֻῴء̸̾
Ļʦ㶣Щŵ̧ͷʣҽ޺ˣ
̸ͷǰ޺ˣҪҪ˵ܸС
Ҫʦа޺ģʱϾûô죬Բź;š
㿪ֱƵ·£ϸо((co)co)
۾ĸ̾ԭַôղžû뵽ˣ
漴Ц˵˿((co)co)Ȼһ˷Ѳʱء
һͶ((co)co)ֻ֮ǰû뵽ַŴһ顣
ܿǵѰҲɹˡ
û뵽ҽˣݷƷ̲ס̾
ʦЦ˵ޣ((co)co)ôҵؼˮƽء
ҽǶŶգ̸˸Ȥ
һ鶼޺ѰǼȴΪûлʦܹҽȻķŪ˰죬ȴʧˡ
ֻܽ콫޸ǴȥһĻʦˡսε˵
ûȥʵĻŮǺ˼йڣ˹Ҳһæ
ɨɨˣǾȻһ˶ޣϣ
Ĳˬ˼㣬ιֻûܺϲһ飬һЩܷϵԱ˵ôˡ
⻰˶ܲˡ
սĿһۣбް˼Ҳҽ޵ġ
һҭưߵһҽúѧϰҽȥǽ()ݡ
ɲҽǵſɡƶ˵
Ѿ˵ʲôˣۣ
һ̾ΪʲôԼôù˷һ
ֻǻҽһ̣ͬʱ̾ôûһŶյҽأ
Ļһʦܲˣʲôн()ݣ˼ҽȻʦʦ߹󣿲
ϿֱĻʦʦԭڸ̾ˮƽȻôߣ˵⻰һɫҲѿһƬ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~ĸ´Լ1230-13~
()

1114.1114 Ӧõ

1114 Ӧõ
޺ѰǺһ˼ӡ
ԽɭߣҲԽ󣬴Ӳʱ޵ƵһЩ()Ƚǿıֲ
½սͣһʼƾеɶԿ˺ͳòʹûס
ײǽĿ߷ģǲμӽĿԴ
೼Ҳ˻׹ͬʱʻŻ½ս
Ȼߣ츳ʻҲȽ죬ϻ׵ĵȼͣܿӦ˳ֵĸ޺ͱֲ
ҲǽĿҽӷŵɭԭÿ˸ս⣬ٻ((co)co)ػսˡ
ȫҲҲǿƼʢһֱ֡
Ҳ˲ٵħƻ£ΪǵĻ˼ӳ֣ʹٶȻ߹˺ܶࡣ
Ƕܸ㶨ŵ͵µԭ򣬱ûмսֻһԿţ³˭˵(qng)
ҵӻס
޽õǱҿպ˵ҵѶ˺ܶ࣬ӵҲˣѰϵʾǸҡ
೼ʼǻǶģһֻҵһ
ȻӱˣǱֵȴ˺ܶ౶Ҳֵõġ½Ц
ҵӣǱҿٵһŶʮ򣬸ߵʮ
ЦЦΣ߾ȫͺã
ţ
죬ҼѰӣѶȷʵڲϵӣջҲˣֻܵҵֻӣЧ
ϻյյؾʹһ
㵽׻᲻ΰ׷(qng)ƵģԽԽˡǶһλǵ
ŻôܹأôֵĶѾһ˿ڣ˽ⶾҩ
㲻ҽѵû취ˣ
ǽⶾ̣ûõĻҲûа취ֻ˵еͶأûȥҽԺ԰ɡ
ʲô̬ȣ׷Ϊ˾㣬Żᱻֻжıҧˣǡ
ôˣѾˣ(qng)ҽҲһġ
Ǳһģ׷()ΪսҲӦõ𣿡Լд
ʱ̸ڵһҲصסͬ洫
ӵ˶һۣҲ׶鷢ʲô첽˽ȥ
ֻĿĿŻŮվԱһԼ(qng)ģ
()

1115.1115 

1115 
׷粻ʡµڵϣˣȱȥ¶ļˣһıʴ
˿ܵ()ʴˣɢһɸζ
ſ֣һƿҩͣĳ˿ϵ۵׻һ㵭
̬ÿ˶¶˷е
˻վŵǶ·𿴵ϣ
հ׷ڵ(qng)͵ҽԺȥ϶ˡ
̸ҽҽ鷳ǰæ׷Ĳ(qng)ɡ˷׷׿ڡ
̧ͷ̸ҽͺãҽҿɲš
ɨɨϵİ׷磬ǣ
̸ԻҲ˵ʲô첽ߵｫ豸óڰ׷ǰҿ
(to)ַ׷˿ڿ˿еĴżֱŭ㴦˿ڣĶػô࣬Ѿ¸Ⱦˡ
ĵѾȫϴһ飬ҩ¸ȾǶر()ԭ򡣡
(ƨp)̸ôн˶̲סֿڣֶص˿ҪһϴҪһʣſҩ
ֻϴûϴ˿ڣֱҩŵ˶صӺ͸Ⱦ
̸ҽѧǴһϵģ˵ձƣһ㶼֪ͨȫڻĸ߲
㲻öմȾ߹֣㵱ͲѡҽһС
ִ˿ڵķʽ˭ģҵȥĵʦ
̸Ĳᣬ֮ǰ˿ȫãͲᷢӺ͸Ⱦ(qng)
㣡һһ
˶ôģŮ̫Ϊˣ֮ǰˣǳ˿ڶһ߸ϵģһŶб£¾¶ԭˡ
̸ҽ׷𣿻ҽ˵ȥҽԺһ˹ĵʡ
̸ҡҡͷ(qng)ʮΣϵĽֻͣаСʱľʱ䣬ȥҽԺ
ŵĽⶾҩͻõĲ࣬޷ֶأԺ鷳ͼ֡һΪ׷ϴ˿ڣһ̾˿
ô죿ѵ𣿽ĿǱߴ绰˵ѾҽŶӹ֪᲻һ˹绰˵
Ű׷ԽԽҰܵɫǰԣ
ó̸ȷʵҽºˮƽ(qng)ҩ޾ǣʵǻ̫ˡ
()

1116.1116 

1116 
̸ô˵ѸٵĽλÿ
ûбϣȴҲ֧ԣǿó̸ҽҲû취ơ
Ҫԣ̲ס̣㿴ʲôãֶؿɲ·ҽεġ
ȽҩҲȽϸ߶˵һⶾЧܺá
ڱȽо̸βãôκá
Ƴһۣ죡
㣡Ҫ˵ȴֱˡ
Ȼβð׷磬ǾͲҪ˾ˣ鷳ͣ𣿡һʵ̲˻ˡ
ߣҪô·ҽǣһ˺˼Ҫһô졣
ҲûǷ׷׿
óһƿһŽⶾ׷ι¡
Ȼý뽫(Ѩxu)λסöؼɢ
ó׷类ʴЩ()ȫڳ˿³ϴһ飬Ѫ()ɫͣ
Ȼóһĩ״ҩ˿ֹѪ޸
ֽ֮ǰĽ뻻˻λã˫ֲϵż(Ѩxu)λ
ԼʮӺֲˣ׷֣仮Ʋϵļѹ
ŴҾͼһεδŸĺѪӰ׷ָ£ֱѪ죬ͣΪֹֹ˿ڡ
ֹʮӣγˣ
ڳһֱڶĶ˵˲ŷӦ
Ȼ׷׿˰׷磬һ㶡
ֻԭɫֺİ׷磬ѾĻָȻЩ԰ףó֮ǰ(qng)öˡ
˿ڱҲٸ˿ڲӡ
̸״Ϊ׷һ飬ʾۺݺɴ۾
һŵ˵(qng)ȫȶˣָ֮ǰѾ͸ڵĶҲѾȫ˿ڻָ(qng)Ҳܺá
ͬʱ˿׷ѾûΣˣźܿ
̸ļڳ˶е˼飬ҽδҲ̫ţ˰ɣ
ҽֹҽˣ̸վ()ɵø̾
ЦЦ̸ҽˣ
̸˼ʣͨղŵĽư׷綾ӣ((Ʊ))ָﵽЧ𣿡
ͷֻнڵĶȫ((Ʊ))ܴﵽεЧ
ֶʮְԵʴ()Ҳǿһв˵ġ䡣
()

1117.1117 һ

1117 һ(to)
ϣ̸Ƿǳͬġ
ҽ˵ǣֶظʴ()̫ǿ׷ղѾΣҪ֣ǵȲĿҽŶӡ
̸ҾڰСʱڸϵҪڵĶʮ**Ҳ̫ܡ
ȻڼΪҽжţ((Ʊ))ȴܿ϶ܱҽˮƽߵҲ
Ȼĳ⡣
ͷ֮ǰҩƣǲڵĶء
ҲãҪʮңĶһģǾȫûˡ˵ʵȻҽȴ
ԶɫѿĻҽ£µǲߵ¡
֮ǰ̸ҽ˵ķȥϴ˿ڣ˿ڣְȥּҩ׷()ϵĶҲӵô졣
ƬҽܷؿƵĵλ̸ˮƽΪ׷紦ġ
ֻϧ̫ˣûƵã˰׷硣
ҽȽóҽĶأ׷϶ͽˡ
ֻĿҪߣսҲҪʧһս
ҪǻԼˣȴ˿֪ڸģһǶԵģȽ϶ˡ
̸Ҳλҽ׷类ĴսȨġ
Ǿ۸ңԼĴ⣬ȫǰǰѧķŪģ̸Ȼ
Ϊ̸ظеźͼ⣬ҲЩµġ
Ͼô˵ֻģ׷絲ס˲űҧУҪˣҲǲġ
̸˵ĸŲ£ļȫѹΪԼ((co)co)ʧЩ˾ǹ
̸ɣӵߣֱҽ
⻰˵ǱȽأڳ˶ͬ
޸磬Ϳ۸𣿡̸һۣĿޡ
޶ĻˣҺûϵ˵ô
˵ҽˮƽ㺦˰׷磬̸ǲû˵ӦúúõķʡԼǡ˵һ乫
ڻȫܲˣǣ
һ߿һ߾ͳܣһίģ
ڳ˳˳ǣһ(to)ֱв
ڻܿʱϻԲѵİ׷Ҳ۾
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1118.1118 Ҳ·»˻

1118 Ҳ·»˻
û׷Ҷһ
׷ˣεҰĿҲҪŻˣֱζû취
׷˫s츳֮ǰȻڻ״̬Ҳڲϵ½ɾȴûɢԷ(qng)ģģ֪
ʶ˻о()˼Ű
ҲڳղŻΣˣھȻԼˣ
ЧҲδ̫ˣ
ҽҰɣлл㣡׷һʱ̧ͷм
һżߣĸӦУ֪֣ǾҪ()ˡ
ܲ˭ֻأ
ÿȻǲһ飬ҽͲȡʵ
׷Ц˵ҶǷһ(qng)
أ˿üʡ
ͬǸƲƲ˵۸ˡ
׷˫ֽճȭޣҪ̰ȥҩôػıޡ
ҩһָ߼ҩģüָ߼ҩһ㶼и߽ױػŻ֪
һܣҿȥȣ˭þңҲʹҳٶ£ֻ˵ҧһڡ
һҪҷӦ죬ϻսɱҵ͵û뵽ôһǡ
ȻһģȴҲûһҪȻ޷˵ľˣ˭֪Էģ㽫ٺһΣôŭ
˰׷ĻҶ⣬û뵽(qng)
ڶܼ򵥣ʱþ׷磬϶ΪסޣԼźѡ
׷粻ڻѣɻ(qng)Ҳȷʵĺ
̸ԻҲԽԽУҽͲϸӦȡҽʸ񡣡
ֻڳֱͬҲȫģֲ(qng)磬кܶ޵ġ
úõϢָܻˡΪ׷ְ˰һƿװҩ裬Ļָаÿһš
׷ӹƿллҽ
ʱĿǱߴҽŶ
һֱڹעֱ(qng)һʼ׷ˣɰҲҪǳǽǴ鷳
׷类˻Ҳ·»˻
()

1119.1119 Ҫʲô

1119 Ҫʲô
ĿǱߴҽΪ׷һȫ죬ȷûʲôΪ˲ӰĿЧ뿪ˡ
ҽŶȴûԶǾ복ʮӵĵطפҲַʲôͻȻ⡣
ܵһɽɫ()Ҳֱһǡ
ܲ𣿡ͻȻһɽ
һ߽ɽߵˣ˭
˭Ҫȴܰﵽ㣡˹˹
ɽ﷢(qng)˭֪Сʱ˭Ҳû
ѰӵУ˵ڶȥҡ
׷ľʣµļȥӡ
ǵջ񲻴صס滹ǱѵĶ顣
ҽãǷ׷׺Ǵк
οǲûз̣˹
ߵǰ󣬻ͻȻַŵļϡ
ĪĿһۡ
һƬݻƵҶ·һƬҶҰÿ
ЦЦؿһۣǶлˣ
ľ񣬻쵽һʱ͸֪Էʲôˡ
ļȷʵһƬҶȴֻҶӵʱ򣬴˳һͷ
˳þӳǸͷҲʹöԷȥ֮󣬲ʲô֮ĺԼ
ȻûСĵû
֮ûֹҪ뿴Ҫͷʲô
ֻҪԷʲôľɢ֮ʾͻᷴ
Щ飬ڨڨЦЦûʲô
Ҳڳ˾ë
ѰӵɣһãһռٶǱҿǮҲͶ뵽˴ƻת
һռٶǱңֻһʵϺġ
Ϣ󣬽Ŀµַնˡ
޿նϵЦõĵȥѰұãץһֻԻȡһżֵʮǱҿεǱԼ֧ʹá
֪ŰеıޣͿɱãʱͨӲС˻ʱͻ᳤󣬴ԼͳȮô
(qng)ĲͬëƤòͬɫҲ˽бá
ûжĹ()ֻ䳤ĴţҲë׵ʮֿ(i)ƬŮ()ǱȽһֳ
ӶᵽŰץóȥۡ
()

1120.1120 ô

1120 ô
Ҳû뵽εץӡ
ҲǽĿķ񣬱ϾÿɲץΪëɫ任ɫĲݴѷ֡
ûϢʮֵѰҡ
ץһҲܻӭȴԭ
ץò˵ȴѰˣҪôץ೼˵
֪úץûĻǸ޴֡
նϢץӹҲûѰǣͲôץˣĿ齫õòϰ()˹ǰȥѰҡ
½̾˿ҲҰ
ЦΪҲŻᷢ񣬷һֻӾͲֵʮǱҿˡ
Ǹϵļ۸ģΪûṩѰǣӽĿҲȥۣԵõǱҿ֧䡣
ҲԣǶϲҵõϣͿʼȥɡ½ͷ
εɺǵһڵҰĿҲ¼ƽˡ
Ҳͬ˵ص׷״նϲ
׼磬ͻȻüһһƾ˷
֪ͷ;漴硣
֮ǰܶѶڴûΪ˿ʱûйеĵֻ̣леĽӣ½۵
׼ȽĿ֮ٹʱԼȥæ
ǰȸ緢һϢŽȥ
һЦŵˣ
ΪòμǸҰĿÿ춼ῴСʱǰֱͣϢʱ䡣
ߵ()ϰ()ȥĶӣСЦСһܽ
缸ǰٷ֮ģͶӰʵҲͬġ
ЦҿܳˣҲ˲ٵӪ
˵䣬ƾҲ߽˵̡
Щȣôˣ
ҷϢġ
ƾЦʣǲǷʲôˣ
òôģԼем档
֮ǰҵͷطţղžɢǸͷȥӼ
֪͸綼ڿĽĿԲýͻ˭
ôüͷôͷӼǲʲôָʹģ
()

1121.1121 ˮ

1121 ˮ
ͷȥӼĪ
ͷҲôġ
ΪһŰǣס˲ٵˣֱķΧ޵ģҲʹڲٵǡ
ϴλΪ԰׷ƣ˳ȥҵֱطƵȥǶʱߵһƬɽֺûӰˣڼǡ
ڶҵͷһӦҹ
Ի˽Ķ()ӣʱִڼȵУױá
üڵصǣΪʲôҪͷԼأѵͰйأ
ƾ˼ǰ裬ǲַȷǵ()ݣúгĻ£ǻȷ
ҲӦúͰйϵ᲻ڵļ֮£˵ȥ
˼ȻõͷȥӼ˵Ӧöٲ²߻()ˡ
ͷҲôɵġ
ӶԷû֣ô͵͵ĿҸо˲û⣬ҪǣСĵ㡣
ǰأӼĻŰֵͷߺлĶȥͷ˵ӦúͰֱȽ׽Ҳ׽ӽ֣򲻿õ̾˿
ôӦȥϽĿΪҽ⣬Ļϣע⡣
û뵽صˡ
ƾ򴽣ƻ֪ˣӦúͼ˻˭˵ǵĴڡ
Ҳ²֪ǵĴڣڽĿչ˽ƵֶΣǻɵģϾҲҽ
˵ҲһϢȷƬѰҵǡ
ƾɫ䣬Щ󱳵ˣͱˮڰɡ
ʱҪΪСģ߲ƣڽĿڼʲôֽš
ͷţһעġ
ҲλԼͷԭ֪˶Ǳж⣬ܱʲôǿٻܷ˳ϡ
ţǽ͸ڵʱԷǳŰֺģ²֣˵֡诵˵
请֣ţһСעġ
иصǱı˳ܸϺȡ
粼¹󷨣ֻҪžͲ¡
ƾҲͷ巢һϢע£Ҫ˿ӡ
ţ诺Ҳͬ뷨
˵һỰ˳硣
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1122.1122 

1122 
ǵһҽԺһҽŷݱ߽칫ңӡ
ΣһȲʡ
ҽݸԼĽûѪԵϵ
ӹһͬʱüͷ
ûѪԵϵ𣿿òֶô񣬼ҵĸͽ㣬ҲԵѵɺϵ(qng)
һ˵᲻()ûѪԵйϵأ֡òùϵֽƶԵϣҲŻôɺϡ
ʼ˵ӵͷ̧ͷҽʣûпϼ鲻ѪԵϵʵȴǵ(qng)
ҽصļ鼸ǰٷ֮ʮŵţǻһļӹϵ
ȻֿܺС()ѪԵ겻ͬҲ̫˵ùȥ䡣
һӳ˼˵ʲô()ϵѪԵ޷⵽
ҲûܣϾҸоǹҽ
ҽ˵ҪŪ˫ѪҺ߿øоһּԣ׼ȷʻߡ
УԿܲŪһ۾ĵΣԸɱҲܴ©
صʵ磬ħٵĿռóһȽ()Сݣʹ֮ǰҴеطһΡ
ڶ˿ʼץһÿƿݻƵСݴ£Ȼһ紵Ʈڻ()ϣ˭ûע⡣
һӵϸо˱õϰ()ľϵֲ֪İ£ǳɹҵһֻ
ϢʱһôϢ
ͻȻһ֪۾ʹͨ飬·Լ()˻()ϵƬҶ
߽֮ǰǸֱǵɽʱһߵѾվ档
Ҹżֲͷʡ
ҲȦӣҪռѪ
㿪ʲôЦͷŪѪȥռҿɴ򲻹ûпǾ;ܾˡ
ЦЦ㲻αˣͨĿֱɲãȴӮ˺ܶϿɺͺ͸Ըѹ
˳ֱȫĺģ޲ѡ
ҪѪʲôʡ
ӵĵͲ((co)co)ˣֻҪȷһ£ͻԸʧֻ䲻ˡ
ҧҧ˵ãٰһΣɱʧ
()

1123.1123 ǻ

1123 ǻ
½뿪ɽ
Ҳջ˾۾ֱͽ㷢һϢ뵽С
诺ƾѾˡ
Щжˣʡ
ͷţκͻӴȻҪҵѪ
ƾЦӼĽûǷģȻѪȥ⡣
ǵ()岢ǹŵʱڵԼͷԼ϶ѪԵϵ
ԭΪͻöԷģɻǵ͹˶Էǵĵ⡣
˵˵ҵϲ鿴Ⱦǻġ
βҪõѪҲ²ĽΣӦöŹǡƾ˵
ҲôģҲ֪ǵĿĵʲôͰг𣬻ΪʲôҪǡ
ƾ˵ҪǺͰгҪΪ˲Ʋ֮ġȻ֪õĴڣ˵ǺͰӴıȽ϶࣬ߵĿ()󡣡
üͷǵСЩˡ
رڰǵҰ⣬ҪעⰲȫЩĵĿá
ЦŲ˲ļ򣬡İɣҲǵóѵġ
صʵǼ
ļ죬ĽӽҪŽŪƣܹȥˡ
ֺмһΣԷΪһֱҲȡѪˣŲ֪ôģȡûռѪķԸ
ⲻǶԷˣǿҪȡʲôжԷӦдɱǧҲŹһ
ԷҲ׼ҪʰǸĵŮˡ
ڳʱһЩҩڶԷ()ϣͬûκע⵽
죬̧˻ȫ׵òܿ˻״̬
Ѿ(qng)ɵǰʡ
ôˣ
׷εĻصҽ˱䣬Χݳ
Ů˱Χʱ򣬻һҪǷӦÿˣʱǹҲһıߡ
()ģҲǻñݳ
׷룬Ҳ˵뷨ǻãֻǲ˵
̸ҽ鷳æɡ׷翴̸˵
ȻŮǻõģҲ£鷳
̸ﲻ⣬ǰһ顣
˱ķβǻļʱڴ󲻻Σ
()

1124.1124 ô죿

1124 ô죿
̸һ˵һóҩιãҩˮϴֱص˿ڡ
ҩһᣬתѣо¶ƤҪˡ
̸ΪϴʵҵҪʲôʱף
̸䵭ػش𣺡ڵĶؽˣҲҪɡ
ںпܻ¿ӿݵĺ֢û˵
ҽӦⲹһ䡣
ȴɴ۾ʲôҪ죿ܵⶾ𣿡
ҸõĽⶾҩܽ⣬׵֢״ȴҪʱ䡣̸Щͷ˵
ɻνҽѧԺ߲ôģЩʶҪֱ
ҲҪšһԶվŵָָ˵óⶾҪΣȻס
ʱ˿̣Ҳ˲ϼˣվӶ֪Լʲôģȥޡ
֮ǰֳҽӦܰ׵ģ˳Ů˵ҩݷƷƵƤԽԽˡ
֮ǰӣûпҪ
ֱֽţֻҪԷͲ޼ɵҪΡ
ֱ׳Ҫڳ˶Ů̫Ҫ֮ǰһֱ˵˼·ûҽôҪ˼ˣ
ǾԲΣ(qng)£εĻ±˵л
ڳ뿴֪ѡ
ʵҲû뵽ָԼƣͷ湻ġ
ЦЦؿҰƣҿɲң
ìܴҶ֪Ҫǳʲô⣬ô죿
漴һת˵̸ҽι˽ⶾҩѾûΣգò(qng)㲻бĶҪݺҰɣ
֮Իô䱾ģôܻΪԷơ
ֱĶȻ⣬ɲҽĴֶΣصĵطк֢Ƥӿݵʮѿ
ҲǸԷĽѵĶһųһŵĻ˵ԳܵĴ
ŲԵ±ԹԼҲν
㣡û뵽ȻھܾòᣬҲ»δȫĶػԾƤ۸
ҽȻȡ˵
Цܵˣ˵(qng)ء
˶Թϲôʲô£ҵˣҾԲֵģͱˣ˵Էת()ľݡ
()

1125.1125 

1125 
ôľܾڳ˶Ĵָ
ҪΪĵ°ܰβǲǱ
̸ʱҲվ()Ż˵ȻŲҵҽˮƽǾȥҽԺưɡ
˵Ŀһ绰ǽȥҽԺкơ
ղĻȥˣȻŮ˺֢ˣ˵Ҫ
Ů˾ǸϿͳȥǽĽĿ¼ҲٵǷǡ
Ŀ뿪ȴû̸ֹԼĲѪУҲŲǣ
ȥҽԺҲĵ㣬׳Ҳ£̫Ӱǰˡ
ҸŮ˾ǰǣҪ̸֮ǰľΣڵĶһӾΣգȻҲ(qng)
ܿ죬ĿȥҽԺҲһƬк
[̲ˣҶ˺öء]
[ȻҪҽƣж]
[ҽ˧˵ξͲΣ̲衣]
[̲ǻãӽĿһʼͲͣıQڰԼˡ]
[ĽĿڲ۾ˣȻҿŻ̲ͷ]
[û뵽˻ҽѧԺĸ߲ΪţҾôĻࡣ]
[Ҳ߲ŵͷģҽѧԺѵһ˵𣿷ҽѧԺҽҿ治ȥ˿]
[ҲǣǿҪҽѧԺһ˵ҽųǺ]
[ݼƵҽѧңΪ̲裬ҲЩҽѧǳġ]
[֮ǰ˵ݼҿҽԺܿˣڿ̲ı֣Ҿùġ]
[Ժ󲻸ȥݼҵҽԺˣ]
̸ýĿ齫ߣǶøɵƯ
Ҳм˳˵()ΪҽӦǰӾ˵ȣܿͱ˻ȥ
˶վһģҽѧԺͻݼȥһ
뿪˷˵ģܹˡ
ĿҲûٰҽǴ绰̸ͨϣǼ¶ҽ˺ԥͬˡ
¼ƽʣʱ䣬Ҽ
ߵɭѰҵһֻټͣϢˮ
ˮ̧ͷöޣɫ΢΢һ䣬ո磬ü࣬Ѫ֮֡
ŵʱ໹ģӡȴ࣬һĳڽ䣬˵ܿͻ(qng)Σ()
㶣Ѫ֣֮ʲô˼˵ҪΣգ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1126.1126 ôô

1126 ôô
Ƭ粢ûзˮֻǴ²²⡣
ͷѧϰĹҽй濴׵жΣա
е£֪ףôô
뵽ҽƵڲ֮ͬҲȻˣȻûȫţҲ˴롣
೼ʣ㿴ǵΣ𣿡
һģ˵ҪΣգҲӦһ
಻ԾʱѾ˵ģǻһЩء
𣿡½˵ܱܲܿΣأҪǽͱȥұˡ
ҡҡͷոӡԽԽڣܲˣ
óʻһݸޣ㽫()ϣҪΣܻһ֡
л޽ƤһֱҲм˵ĲĻӹ()պá
ǻ𣿡೼ʡ
߲߶鷳ѡɡ
½̫ˣǾϢɡ
ʲô⣬Ҳ׼
ţϢɡ೼Ҳͬ⡣
ó񵰱ݸˣӡ
˽ӹһ߳ԣһЩĲɵĵȴ
رޣûгʲôζƮȥԶ
һôһͿֱ˶ˡ
[ʲôΣ]
[Ҹо̫ˣǲŵġ]
[ҲţҪǿݾͿԿ׼ԺŻʲô]
[ԭҽܿɿôͻȻЩװ]
[ⲻǽĿİŰɣ˵ҪԭʵҪǽĿԤаţǾû˼ˡ]
[˵ָǽĿ鰲ŵģҲŲʲô׼ء]
[ҽͻȻҺʧ]
һƬ(r)飬ŶʧĿҪ(qng)
պһˮ˶̧ͷŲԶգˣ
½̧ͷȥһbף
೼ʿˮνΣվȻbϮ
˭˭ˣȻĿһۡ
Ҳ¶֮ɫȻû뵽ֱҪɱޡ
ף滹׷սŵĻס
೼˵ɴ۾ҿǰǵţǱĽ𣿡
ϻܣǳˣ½һһʱ˻ס
ͬʱĻ
()

1127.1127 鷳

1127 鷳
޺೼ҲѸ˻ף½һһܡ
ɾôɺϣǼֻս׷ŵףȻܵķض
Ҷ˵ֱӳǿ
½˼ʻײϵܣǵֻܻףҪѷɫ٣ֻܶûС
޺೼ļʻû½߳սľûḻ˺ܿͱС
೼Ļ׵ȼߣҲǿк˲ء
޵Ļױк󵹷˳ȥ()ˣȥ𻵵ĺ
ͻȻһ𣬡ץȥʣ
Ϊ׵ֻͣ޻׵ĸ׼ץʣںսŻס
ˣǻڼ½Ļס
½״ɫһ䣬ã鷳ˣ
ǵŻ֯ʣûһǻŻģҪǱץǾһ
սŵս˴ӶԷʻĻ׺ͻӡŵı־ܿ()ݡ
ĻҲΪʲôԷʻϮˡ
Ƭ߼Ϊ쵼ĴԾӪ˴֮以ϵͳһսߡ
ǿ޵Ҳȫ棬˲һᷢս
ȴһǾǵ
ǵγˣӶԴҲǳγһɺǿĶҲΪսشսĶ
رǵһǵţսɱӲİռ˲ΪأץһЩ߿Ƽ˲ΪԼá
ߵȼףҲͬо˳еĿƼ򣬲䱸ƽսʹá
Ȼܹ䱸׵ǵСӣڵһǵеĵλͣϾ׵Ǻܶࡣ
׷Ϊdcbasں˵＼d׹cܻס
˶ԷʻbףҲܿaܻսҲҪ߳һȼĻ
ںܶ෽ܻףϸʤһҲȻ½೼ʻaܻȴɲԷֻܡ
޼ʻŵbܻףǲһͱ𻵡
䣡
ͻȻһֻ״Ӳ͵ϮһԴڻ½Ļףʹصһôϡ
ʱս׷ĻҲִΪ׵ﴫһ˳ȥھͽȫɱˣ
()

1128.1128 ָǣ

1128 ָǣ
ʱԱߵףĻ׽ֱӵи
һֻ֣޳˳
ʱʮֵǱȥȴء
󣡡ֻϵȻ⡣
޼ʻĻֻbղſǶǿȵԴڹԷĻҲȫˣ(qng)㲻ҲһϢˡ
޿ȥֻ˵ˣЩ벻ͨ
ץס޴ʱһƬļ£()ڴĿڴ͸ķ
ղܹױεʱֻԼҪˣ˭֪()ڵĿڴ﷢һ⣬ܵϮȫֵɢûˡ
ץסԼףʱﷺ࣬ӿһΣѵҪڶΣ
ܾЩǳԼģԴڿɱȹ೼ĸ߼
ִսŻвΪ˱֤޵˵İȫֻЭУ˺󣬵ǲ(yn)˺ʡ
ܾս˵ĻЩܣžͼǾȻʻŻ˳ȥ
ʱҲ˲Ծþвֻϼʻˡ
ֻԷ˿½Ļף¶һĨ֮ɫȻ׼ٴι
ҲҪصӡ
ֻϵ˾֪жϳǶ޺½Ļ׵
ЩӦǳģսЩָ֮ǰϷôܻôɺϵ(qng)
ս׷ǵţôɺϵ׷˽Ŀѡطôɺϵ޺⡣
ҲΪԷ½ĻףɱӦ
ԴУ뷨
ãҵĻ׳˹ϣ½Ҫʻ()ȴʧˣ̲סصһ((co)co)̨
ȥ侲˵
½ͷЩĺȥܻܿᱻǵĻ׻ɱģҲô
ЦЦȻһҾ㲻ȥҲŹǵġ
Ҳлףȥԣ˵һ䡣
½򵹲лףֻǲĻ׵ȼжã߼ʻӲȿսǱӦû취ġ
̵ЦЦǽǵ׷Է˵Ǿͳˣָǣ
½һҭҲսŻ׷ǳĿˣֻΪЩ˺Ҳ˵ùȥȴһܿס
()

1129.1129 ô棿

1129 ô棿
뵽֮ǰֶΣǰжϳ޻Ѫֵ֮Σգ֮˻ޣȻĳ½ҧҧ
ãһҪСġ
˵ЩģҪһȥɡ
ҡҡͷ԰׵˵ãȥ˻ء
½˳ǣ⻹һα
ðɣעⰲȫڳҲ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
Ҳû뵽Ҫȥĵ˵һҪСİ
ͷģһעġ
ڱϮĵһʱ䣬ǾĿԮˣŰפսӦûܿϵ
ֻҪȽ޾ȳǣסԷ׾С
ܿ½˳ȥҲǵ㶣ԭҪ½׵ͣ˶
һͷų˻ףȻͽ롣
μǰʦaܻףԭֻʱ()˭֪ȴˡ
һϻף˻ûӦʱһ((co)co)ľϵܣһ߽׵ٶȵ죬޳ȥ
ܿ죬һͻȻӵð˳ץס޲ƳʱĻҲٽ޴͵Ļ
(qng)ֻһ˲䣬ǵӦѾ¡
һĻ½˺ֱǰ˶˾ȫû뵽aףȻѡޡ
˭ҷɣһĶʻĻףҳʵǽŵġ
ģץס޵ǵɫ˳һȻ((co)co)Ż׳ȥ
ľǿʻ׵Ҳͱѵʮıܿ˶ԷĹ
ǹŴʦĻףв()ܶ¼ٶȺݷ½ĸá
Աߵλãһĵģȴ˵´ʻף˵ζů
ʵʱľˣû뵽ȻȻԼ
һ((co)co)ػףһ߻ϵľϵֲܴ˲ϰ
Ȼ˺󣬷ļʻŻףֻ׵ķȥ
ҶˣҪʲôɣ
ǵҲ֪Ҫʲôȴ˫˫Ļ׿
ŴҾͼʻĻףһֺܸѶȵƣܿԴڣٽһףǿڹ
Ϊ̫׵ķǿҲܵ˲Сˣõɳȥף˵ϡ
һĻҲˣô棿
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1130.1130 ûô

1130 ûô
ƾĻ((co)co)ľϵܣһףôҶЩ˼顣
Ѹٵĵתףһȥ
ǵû뵽󣬾Ȼͷͳˣԥķ()Դڡ
ȴ·㵽һԴڲתδʱʻŻһԾһôϡ
ʱԴڳĵطȴѾû׵Ӱӣ˹ʧ
ϺȴֻչҵĹͬʱٲס
ʻŵıϾa()ܱȽϺõĻףϴٵĸֻױ֮Ҳˡ
ֻΪ벻ûֻһڵôء
˾ͼ׺ʻĻײϵľ˴˼䲻ϵĶܻ߹
ֻҪʻ׵˶ܿ((co)co)ػ׵ǵǿֻΪ()ãܲͣ
Ӻڵ˵ɹܿ˹С
Ҽ״ɵΪԸһ׻ãܾͺ鷳ˡ
ǵҲļѾյ˲ԶսŻ׵źţٲԷˣǾܲˡ
ȻʻףҪǱüսŵaΧҲǵвġ
ãεĿǼܻϣǵһ֮ڻжԷ
ͨϼй
㵽ǻˣľҲ׽ĿǱİսŻˡ
ˣ˵
޴²³Ҫ任ĽǶܹƱػתץλϵһã⣡
ЦЦͼʻ׸ѶȵİŪף˫ssľӳ֣л꣬ЩǶȵĻرƣͬʱԷ׷
ҲսŵĻ׷ˣòʹɹʰԷڲ뽫ֱ
ܿ˫һңսŵĻʮܡ
ǵɫѿ˼㣬ֻܰһٹ׷׵ͷҪܡ
۾Ӿӣûôס
һܻ׵ǰͻȻ˷賤٣γһŴסǵȥ·
ΪһսŻٽ׷չǿƵĹ
ܵôaܻ׵ĹֻbҲ˴ֱֱ˵ϡ
Ҫ˼дȥֻīһǰȥҽԺģѯһҽǵ⣬ҪȥҽԺԺʲôĲҲȥҽԺȻֱƻǮˣûŪãŪϻд20-22Ұ~~
()

1131.1131 еʱ

1131 еʱ
ûٶֻǾĿսŵĻ׿ʹֶνǵ˳
ǵвתͷʣɺ𣿡
ڶȽΣҾǳģҪصĸо
֮ǰҲһΣգ೼ֻǲڿȫ׼޲УȻ˿©
Ǹܴˣȥȷ°ɣҸоǳġ
ҲҪɱ㣿
о񣡡ͷ
޿ЦǻãҶҪɱҵе²⣬ӦҲаɣ
е㣬ȷ¡ϡ
˼һתʣͨҵ࿴ʲô𣿱ɱҵˡ
ϸ˿ҿɱ˭ȴԴϿӦúԵ֮еϵ
޵ɴ۾㶼ܿ
ǰ΢΢һЦﲻ˵ĵطȥɣҪ뿴࣬ȽĿ֮ҡ
ãһֱЩ޷⿪ȽĿ֮ݷ㡣Ц
漴ͳ˻ףߵսŽʿǰ
һ𣿡޿ͳʡ
ͳ˵ʰɡ
л˵꿴ǵǳİɣ
һǵЦ֪˵ʲôǲǱ׷ģǵְˡ
ǰһּǵ˵𣿡
ͻȻ(Ѩxu)λǵȫ()ץԹͷץȴûá
ʲôһŤ
˵һҽѧϵֶΰˣҪǲ˵ʵҲûϵĻҲһһҹͻԶʧˡ
ǵ˳ǣһһҹûϵŮ̫ˡ
ˣҪõָ((Ʊ))ʣԶ¶䣬ζ̫ˡ
ҧгݵʣȻǮɱޣǰһ˻ǮýҲһɱˡ
Ǯ˲˭ִֻҲ֪ʣ˵
óû˵ѣ治֪˭ǻǮˣҲǵɱˣһ㶼ȥϵһѱԷ
ҪȷҲ㣬µһʱ䲻̫ܱ¶еʱ档
ߵģȥҽԺŷֱ֮ǰǼŪĿˣҺüݶ˶ڵȫƣɱ񾭣ʱ䳤ܺ鷳ǰݲ̫ӣëŷֳ鷳ֹ󣬴Ժ󶼺úñݣǹˣ֮ǰۣۣҶ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣ~~Ųд23-2330Ҽ~~
()

1132.1132 

1132 
ǵ˵ʵ(qng)֣Ǽصָ⡣
սǵˣл
սֶΣܿЦЦȻǵģҲ
Ǿʹˡ
ټ
սֺѾӻ½һкǵ˻ףȻ׾ֱ뿪
ڳ˿񶼴һ
೼ߵ()ߺʣ޸磬֮ǰŷأ֮ǰĻˣǲŷã
޴()ڵĶһѾյķ˵ķҵֵ˻׼ѹҲҲˡ
ǹҽҲ̫ţˣ
֮ǰ˵ȫС೼Ŀϵķƿղǵ˵ʵֶΣҲ
ЦЦҾý(Ѩxu)ˣ
ޣ㣡೼ЦǺǵ˵
ҲͬС
ʱϵҲ̲ס׷(r)
[û뵽ҽ֮ǰ˵ĻȫӦˣǵսŵģ׵ĺͽĿ鰲޹ء]
ǲΪĿ붯ǵսţףͬʱôһ
[˵ҽܴϿ˵׼ƽֶ̫ˣҲô죿]
[ҽֹҽ̫ţˣҲȥ˳ŷ]
[ȥʽĿ飬ҽ˿⣬Ժ󻹿࣬Ļҵһȥչ⡣]
[˰ɣһôֲ㡣]
[ǣҲһֻҲհֶξͺá]
[˿⼪⣬ѵֻҷҽʻ׺]
[Ҳˣҽղżʻսģ̫˧ˣ]
[ôĶôģ]
[ҽľ츳Ӧúܺã϶ûֵıöͻ֮Э()ôߡ]
[ǿ϶ģҽ((co)co)ô츳Բ]
[Ұ֮ǰ˵ʧĻջأ׼쿪ʼҪҽˣ]
[˵Ѿҽ]
[˷ˣҰĿ̫Ȥʹ̼ˡ]
[˵˭ôȻǮǵɱ޺̫ɥĲ˰ɣ]
[᲻ǻ̲裬(i)ãǼ֮ǰûг֣Ȼôˡ]
[Ҳô²ģ̲ȥҽԺҽʱͶˣ׵]
[Ҳǻ̲裬ô˵ǿҪսҳ֡]
()

1133.1133 㻹޻ף

1133 㻹޻ף
ǲϵĲ²ⱳ֣ҷ׷ױʾҪѰҺϳ֡
ҽԺۿն˵ĻＸһƬĲ²⣬׵ýںȵˮص˳ȥ
ôʱһ˽ɫݵĿ˵ƢҲøĸˣοΪ˲ٵ鷳
ίѣ֣һжǸ(())ˣҺƲ
üͷô˶ͻݼңүүͼ߲㣬͵͵ȥμֽĿҶѾܲˣɱκ(qng)
Ӵ㺦˵ɡ
ί߷߲ƽ˵ҵɱɸģЩƾʲô˵
ɲ֪һǵŵϵʽϺ()ϵ׸ܵûֳȻôһڹ
һһᴦǸʱȱ𶯣ȷͷˣԻ˵ġ
ŮôǻݼҸ˲õӰ죬ôܷŹ
ȴǶֵĺʱǵ(qng)ǾҪˡ
ҽԺúҪٳȥ¡Ŀһۻ
Ų(qng)Ըĵͷ֪ˣ
ǵɭ֡
սŽǵץߣĿǱҲÿԱϢΪ³ͻȻҪǰĿ
Ҳҵ飬ʵº󱳵һƲһƣҪ޺ʲô⣬ǸûҲðա
೼նϢ˵Ŀǰʱ䣬ǻסĿյؼϡ
Ǿͻȥϣ(qng)Ҳʺȥˡ½ҲıһΡ
೼ָָ𻵵Ļ˵ô죿ޣ
½ʼ磬ǵĶˣֻ
ʦѧaܻ׵һЩԭ೼½Ļþǲͬͺŵaס
ҪȥӴоҪҰԣ
⻰ڳļ˷׷׵ɴ۾һŵģ
㻹޻ף
Цᰡ
೼ʿˮǣ㻹һʦ
գգۣһǣ
˳˳ǣʲôǲģҪҪôˣ
½Ҫ޻ĺܺ棬УǾ鷳æˣ
޺ٲ鷳޲Ҳûϵһ䡣
ԣ㾡ȥޣ
೼ԴҲܺ棬Ŀ͵aףڱ޵˿Ҳ޺
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~컹ҪȥŪݣԤ20Ұ~
()

1134.1134 ļٵģ

1134 ļٵģ
ôˬͬ⣬Ҳӿռó߾½һܡ
һ飬˽ĸط⣬ʼ
ƾճά޻׵Ĺߣ೼̲ס̾ռˬ˵ܵȼԽߣܹʹõĿռԽ󡣡
½Ȼ˵ǵȻռ䴢Ʒϡ٣Կռߺܳ㣬رսС
˵ռսҲ(ͦͦ)ģļٵģ೼ʡ
нľˮϵģռ͹ڰϡеģֻ˵ȴûмռս
½ЦŻص˵ܽռиõĶ(ͦͦ)ȴ٣ռ߻ʹÿռΪ
ףòƻޣŽעŵԼĻϡ
೼Ҳ˹ȥĻ׺ٻָ
Լ˰Сʱ½ĻѾָԭò
½ӻ֣Ѿ޺ˣ
½ֲţô޺ˣ
ĻȻû޵ôţҲأҪȥ׹˾άϵҪõ˰Сʱ͸㶨ˣļٵģ
İŰ߹ȥȻ˻ףΪҪȨû
¾Ϳˡ
ãԣ½򽫺Ĥָָɹˡ
ԣֻԵ()ܶã̲סֿƻɣڰ˼սơ
޺ˣţ೼۾ﾡ̾
½򽫻׿˴̲סʣ㵽ҽǻʦ
ʼЦְҽְʦɡ
ϲĵһְҵҽŲǻ졣
⻰ҳ˳ǣһҽ޻ױȺܶʦҪЩô찡
ȻڹۿֱĻʦҲЦãǾȻһְģ˱˰
೼ĸ첲ҵĻҲ
ֵaףɲ̫ϻػ칫˾ȥޡ
ͷЦã
ͬȥһ飬Ȼ˼⣬ĻȻû½أ漰һЩ¼Ҫо²ſ޺á
೼ڰ֣㾡оǵţ
ţ˻о
׵ĸҪ㲿ذоò࣬ſʼ
22~~
()

1135.1135 ̵

1135 ̵
һСʱ೼Ļ׻ָԭģҲ˳
޺ˣȲǺܸߣֱӾܼʻˡ೼˵
೼ĵУȥԣ
ŽףͬʻˮĲԾ˼ǰûĶ
Ƭ̺೼ӻﴫ˳һĿ̫ˣ޺˻ףҸоٶȺݶȶǲǰҵع
ͷЦţҷܻ׵()ܻδȫӳ԰£ء
⣬Ȼˣ೼ЦŰڰ֣Ҹ˻ء
ٶȺݶоҪsܻˣô
ѧ𣿡źʡ
Ц˵ҵʦ
֮ǰʦ˵Թ֮ĹϵҲΪһ̵档
೼ɴ۾˵ǵһ׹˾ĹŴʦ
׽ȽϳĹŴʦȴԵһ׹˾ĹŴʦΪǡ
΢Цţҵʦ
೼֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣҲ̫ţˣȻŴʦΪͽܣ˵ŴʦЩѾյˡ
ˣû뵽㲻һҽһŵʦ㻹ʲôǲģ೼롣
ŵЦǿѧϰҲ޷㣬ʲôҲġ
ӦҲ(ͦͦ)ģҪȤͻȥѧʵҽȣϲѧϰ
ԭѧѧ(qng)Կ೼һΡ
֮ǰ˵һˣѧʲôʲôǰţۼ֤ȴˡ
ţ½Ҳ̲ס̾
ʣҪ𣿡
ˣȥһܰɡҡҡͷЦ
ֻbףõôף̫鷳ˣȥһµġ
аɣǻȥɡͷ
½೼𣬼˳סĿյȥ
ڿֱҲˡ
[찡û뵽ҽػʦ()ݣaô޺ˣˮƽܸ߰]
[û뵽ǣҽǹϵĵӣӡǰϷŹҪ츳ľţյӡ]
[ϢҲ˵֤ҽǹյľ]
()

1136.1136 ʲôģ

1136 ʲôģ
߼ǱȽϳĻʦҪΪʦѧϰ֮ꡣ
ֻϧôҲûռͽܣͽҪǳߡ
˭û뵽ԭΪҽҽǹϵĵӣһš
[ˣҵҽ]
[óասǿӵĽĿռ䡢ĹҽƷĻ((co)co)aףݹΪʦҽʲô()ˣ]
[ղųʵģҲʵģʲôģ]
[ûиţֻţҽ]
[ӽԺҪһʵۣһҪһԮᣡ]
[֧֣]
²ʱ䣬һ¾ӵһƱҷۣ˭û뵽ġ
˹ŴʦΪʦ(qng)һʱͱ(r)ѣ׵ͷš
ҲʹҰĿ֪һ¾ˣԭĵÿʸǱˡ
(r)Ⱥ͵ϵȻ嵽(r)ȰǰʮǰκһսĿûģĿϮˡ
ֻܶ˹ۿǶԽԽ˵ֱ
ôһǿϮýĿͶ̶ɵˣžǿϲ
׷˴绰Ѧ棬һ治ϵ̾˵۹⣬һﰵĴıȡ
вٴ绰Ѧ棬ʶβ߿ġ
Ѧֱǿֺʹಢ棬Ȼָöࡣ
ʵҲû뵽ܹڽĿбôãҰĿƵһδйĸ߶ȡ
֮ǰ֪ǹϵͽܣǸӱ˵ֱ͸ֵá
ԹϵƢɲΪΪʶ˹ϵĺţĻ츳Ժܺá
ܹʶôһλˣ(ͦͦ)ҵġ
ĿǱߺͶ̻һѦϣμӵڶҰĿ
һȻǰжϣЧȴԤ̫࣬ȻҪڶˡ
֪ھǽĿĸǣһҪס
ҲǺһѣ֪δǩԼκֹ˾Ҵֹ˾ɳˣ׼ȽĿûмֹ˾
ʱǻصյأѾˡ
˹ϹЦк
ǻˣ
೼üЦӭأ
ǰǿһڽĿĹҵȻҪӭӣ֧˴󷽷Цŵͷ
()

1137.1137 Ŀ

1137 Ŀ
ûϮ¼Ѿˡ
ǿ⵽ϮʱҲһȿֱѾ޷Լ𾪵(qng)ˡ
ЦſڵΪ¼ĿΪ˸λİȫ׼ǰֱ¼ƣһڵҰĿҲ
ԭǻֱҰ᲻ɹɵʺǳһǼֱ̫ˣ
˿رҽֻǴ˾ϲҲĪľϲ
ЦЦлл佱
˴·ڴͳһƬЦ˵ôˣŹǶδ룬Ҫʴʽɡ
Ǹոڵÿ˳ȡ⣬ھһʣ·˿ǵҪ󡣡
Цʣǿ𣿡
а
ԣ
вμӽĿ˶׷ͬ⣬ʵĺûߴĺãǺ(r)ȵġ
½ȶ(r)ȲǺˣҲν֧˵⡣
֧˴һ鿪ʼһ⡣
νĿʱˣǶڽĿı֣׳ϵӵͷ˽һɷ⡣
Ц˵ҽҪˣ
ͷЦʰɣ
֧ˣҽ㣬ڽĿбֳЩּ⣬㻹ûбֳ
һЩɣԺлչָҿ
ˣ̫ˣҴ˵Ǻڴ
ˣʵڶ⡣ҽǺܶ()ͬΪĵ⡣
ˣһδǸ(qng)ܺã
ˣҽȻδҪúܶ൥()()ڲˣҲףҸ
лл
ʱˢۣ׷ײ²⵽ʲôδ򣬲ҽ
ˣ⣬ҽһ칫˾
Ҳ֪лĻϣܽһ칫˾ѧϰġ
Ƭ
ˣҽڻϵ츳Żлġ
ˣĸ⣬Ϻܶ˶ڲ²⣬ϮǵĻʹǻҽô
ûʲô⻹ǽսźǾ𰸰ɡ
֪ǻȴΪԷɡ
֧ˣðɣһĵ⣬ҽ⿴Ϳ
翪һ̣ҪͿȤĶҡ
̵ĵλãҲμӽĿĿġ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~ĸ»ָ1230-13~~
()

1138.1138 ϶ᷢǵ

1138 ϶ᷢǵ
⣬ҲĿ˽
Цžͷ˵һڵֱҰĿչ٣һڼ
˵󣬽ĿǱ߾жֱԴֱ
ٹڶЩδԵڶڴ׷Ҫμӵڶڣ޵ҲвٹҪǼμӡ
ֱжϽЦ˵Ŀĸ߲ͶʷһԶٷ֪п𣿡
εĽĿôɹһٷҲҶûоܾ
ЦȻذȥϢһһԷɡ
ǰȥƵú¡ҲúûؾƵϴ˯һǳ˲ٿͷĺۡ
ĿȻҲ뵽ˣЦ˵ǵȻǻذǵľƵꡣ
λ룡
һԽҰص˰ǡ
⼸Ҳ(ͦͦ)۵ģϴȥ͸һ棬ȥ˷塣
Ӷŵ񣬽зɵʱ䣬ŽԼᡣ
ΪһºˣһʼǣڽŻ˷ˣȻ˷˿ļС
Ϊ˲Ҫ鷳ȥӰȥһұ()ܺõĲԷ
ҲвٲȥܳԵóζбУصʵûָоˡ
ʵĳĲ鲼أϲʳҲΪһٳԵĵܣҪʳζоͿԡ
˷ףˣ
ЦſҲˣ
忴Ц绨̲סȥ
(r)һķֿ
ʱ𣬷ԱͲ˹
˷ֿһ߳һ˵
ô׿͵Ϯ㣿ѵǸЩҧгݵʡ
˭ҪɱԲŹ
֮ǰһֱΪȽΣ޷ֳ˼磬֪Ӽ(qng)
˵һ飬һɾǱġ
üͷЩʲôˣȻ漰ĸǻ֪𣿡
ҡҡͷ֪ʲôˣԿҰ߼()Ӧò򵥣ǳ˾Ϊġ
ǿ϶֪ǣͳʰˣҲһʱϡŰ(i)ǵġ
˶ٵ֪ˣǺпܾȥʲôˣսĿҲû̫ע
Ű϶ᷢǵġ
ˣ15~~
()

1139.1139 ¶

1139 ¶()
ͷԼһ磬ϻصʵ絹ͷ˯
ڶһˬųȥ͡
޶ߵ¡
¡Ц˵
ѾԵĲֳ࣬һֽ˲죬֮ǰǸ
һֱһĽᣬ⿪ܡ޵ͷ
ϸ˿ݴѧжϵҹԵѪ֮ǰĸĸӦĸĸţĽǰɣ
ЩŵĿϿģ
ͷǴϿġ
ʧЦû뵽ܿ
ȷʵҵĸڳûãͱ˻ˣ׵ûġ
Ҹ׵ĸţүүȥŮͬĸүүбȽӴĲҵŮ˻һֵ̥ܺҸҲһȴһֱûжһүүΪƫҸףǾͽҺһƽĺӵˡ
̾˿ֱǰŮ˵⣬ĸǱ߲ŷǵӣȻ˵(qng)ҡ
ɫżį𣿡
ʱֻǸ()ǸʱѧһеԱҶԻǸŮȴǾôѧĸ߲ڱȽ츳ѧԱ֮£ҾԵѷɫܶࡣ
˵Ȼûûоҵͬ⣬ֱӰҽڱķֹ˾˵ÿ궼һѡ
ǸңŮ()ųģһҲܺߣǺŸ᲻˵ĸ(qng)ҿԻؼңŮҲһڼ塣
ѧУֵıȽϳڣδֲŮǰλ׾͸һЩɷݣ֪Ҳûջ
дżƷԳЦЦҲǼʻҪɷݣܱѵҲܺ𣿡
ҵĸǸŮˣȴϲȾƶĲһв˳ĵľͻǡ
ĸȥӶѺ˳ȥҵˣ()ӵı꣬ȥÿϽǮ
ĸһһǰ̫жˣҲŵԽѡ
Žڱķֹ˾Ҿһֱ˴ѹκγɼνĸҲʧˣûи֪Ǿʹȥ˹̽ǡ
()

1140.1140 ȷʵͦ˲ˬ

1140 ȷʵ(ͦͦ)˲ˬ
Щ(qng)ܾˣ޼˳̲ס¶()
˵Ҳ⣬о޵ĽƢ()ܺãû뵽ôһ()
ҪǻɲˣƲ()Ҫˡ
ͬ㵱ǣʡ
ҡҡͷȻͬ⣬ҳȥԷܶˣȻûǵģˣҲͲˡҲûҪҴǼ(qng)Ҳûиա
ʵҲ(ͦͦ)õģԭֻҪӱܣȴϲˡ
Щͬ(qng)Ľʲô㻳αɱ֪㻳ǸŮģ
̾˿Դӱ()󣬾вңҲҪԻͼȡҵܵܣǸŮĲٻʹߡ
ҽֹ˾ܴѹҲ鵽ҲһλĻʹߣûʲôҲ
ֻһΣȥ(ͦͦ)ѺãӴʱ̣Ҳʲôˡֻ˵õģȴЩù⡣
ҲϾȷʵûдĸ䵭ȻﻹЩܣҲԹޣϾôûദ
漴һתɫ˳ҶѾõֵزˣŮĻʹ߻ǲŹңҲȻԴС
ҵ˽⣬Ӧһλλʹ߸ɵģҲֻǵıſϵϵһǵš
ҲʹʼֵսǵϷ
ҵĸɱңӳµڣǾһ绰ң˵ȥĻˣҲٹܡ
ҲɵЩģ̲ס²⣬ǲ֪ʲôԲҼȥ
üͷȷʵ(ͦͦ)˲ˬġ
ӲۣȴҰ׵ίָĸǺټ
Ȼദôи(qng)ǿ϶ģҲδ̫䵭˵㣬ϾܹĿ࣬Ҳ֮ɵܺߡ
ˣԷôͻȻҪɱ㣬ǲǸ֮䷢ʲôöԷɱģǿ϶ʲô
޻صҲôģ˲˲飬Ů˺˫̥ǸŮɷݣ˵ӦҵĲŶԡ
()

1141.1141 Ͳ

1141 Ͳ
֪Щ˱Ϊȡ棬ʵΪҲ硣
֪£ϡνĹȨȴ޹ıЩ˾˽ȥܷŭ
˭˭ˣ׵ڼ
˵ǸŮ˵Ӧúܴǣô򵥵ɱȨ
Ҳòģʮ**Ļʹġ˶ҵܴܾҵĴ()ݵ۵㣬һ˾սŵģ()Ƚϳ嶯һ
㲻ҲӦúŮĻʹйأ׵ĵܵҲˡһ˵ۡ
˵Ե߱Ƚϵûһ㲻ǣĿطԼ
ԵѪҲǿ󲻵ãеܵõеһҲ޷顣ʧҲеãʧȥһЩҲܵõһЩĸ(i)͵()ӵȵȡ
ʵ룬ЩȥҲɺܶࡣ
ѵֻһζӱҲǸ취ҹӡ÷໹δȫɢ֮ҪǲԴϵ⣬㻹л˷Σ
ҲŵǸŮ޹ģҪû˵߱ԹĻʹߺ޵׵ܵܣôôޡ
ӦǲʧȥڵõһаɣֻҪȥĴҲܵ()
Ҳܳȡ޵()ݣõԭһС
Ͼε(qng)ûн¶ǽĿ黹ǿֱ˶ΪǸ⣬ҲǱùĻҲᱻڳ
޽֣ɿҴ֪ԼӦʲôˡ
ϵûôһȻͲˡ
֮ǰһֱھѪ(qng)ԵĻʱûȻʡ
ȷʵеĶǿ˵ĸ(qng)Ҳһ
л
ЦЦܰͺã
Ҳ(ͦͦ)ĸһҵģҲóûȥʲô()عˡ
˵һΣֵڽ¶ǵ˵࣬ǻ㲻
֮Եڽ¶࣬ҲΪȡǿʱȥԿǿ϶ٴҪɱڣΪֱƵ˼ϣʱٶˡʵ˵
Ժʲô£ֻҪ㣬ǧҪҿæģ(qng)û
ҲܾðԺҪæĵطҲġ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1142.1142 ⶼܳ

1142 ⶼܳ
ü仹һֻ֮һŷ
ҲûоܾԼַЧġ
лϣ͵ŷһֱ()ò()Ц
΢ЦҲϣò
ھƵĲ೼Ҳ˽ÿװĶ
˶Ų߹һ԰ɣ
⣬⣡λҲ(ͦͦ)кøеģ֮Ҳѡ
೼ºЦǸܲһŸң
ǷǺöҲһŷ()ϱƽ
ҪĻҲһţ½Щ˼Ŀڡ
գգ۾ͣҲ򣡡
ЦóֻţԵݸǣһ͸ɡ
ô˼೼ӹ˿ͬ()
ЦûʲôҪԺҪҾҪշˡ
(ͦͦ)󷽵ģ͵ĻЩ˹Ҳ˼£ɽ׵ʽ
ô˵½Ҳӹ£л
೼˷ЦеĿҿɡ
Ҫǰ˭˵⼪ףԲУۼ֤ȴòˡ
ʧЦ̧ϸ˿ӳӦڰʱһΣգ֮һ·˳ĸֵܱ˴˼(qng)Ҳܺá
һеҲˡ
೼ȻǺãȴȻͬ
೼۹ﳤģгǳţԱȽɣȦ(())Ϊ档
ҰʱΣնܿ೼澪ȵˡ
ʱȥүүԺĺץ棬ȥȳ㱻ˣʱǼͥҽչ˵ģ˲֪
ڰʱһС·ܿ
漴ѣһҲǽˣȴһҪעһɷͻᱻҪ鷳
ʲôһɷ೼ʡ
Цãֻܴ￴һЩɿδй¶̫࣬Լעͺˣ
ҵķˮҲѭһЩԭ򣬲й¶̫
ҪһҲԣȴҪȡ꣬Ȼȥ£Ǵѵ
೼ӣðɣҽעһġ
()

1143.1143 ￴

1143 ￴
೼Ƥ˺񣬼Ҳû⣬½Ҳɵúˡ
ܰҿ𣿡
ҲûܾϸĿ˿˵ʱ˲ٵĿ࣬ʱ𣬵ҲΣ˳ȹ
ʾ()ߵѻСˣڲõĽܻĹͣҲӰʢ˥ҪˣһҪע㡣
û˵½ʲôطģ˵ЩҲ
½û뵽(qng)ȴ˼־裬ǱȽŵġ
˵ȫУʱŸĸܶطȷʵ˺ܶ࣬ʱսŲſʼת
ãһעġսŻ켣չĺûսֲ汻ˣпܸıһ
ҲһԾԾ()ԣҲҿɡ
һûܹʲôѣڻϻһЩۣδɡѡ
褵һλȽвۣҲܵһЩ(qng)ϵ˺Էʮ**ճ
֮ǰ˵һ׾Ҫδƽ(qng)(ͦͦ)ӣ¡
㶣˵ã
ʶδҲûҪƭʲô
Զ(qng)ԣȴΪԵĹ࣬ҪǶԷ⣬ͲһͶԷˡ
˷࣬˻һ뿪
ϼҪһȥͽĿ顢Ͷ̳Է
ص䣬ͽ硣
ߵſھͼ˶ӣǼǡ
֣Ŷӵ˶̲סˣ׷кҽˣ
ЦŶǵͷǺã
Ȼ߽˵̡
̧ͷЦ˵ˣ첻㿴Ϳ࣬ȵǼ˳򡣡
ˣ߹ȥ£Ǽǣȿš
Ȼ˵̵ĵַȻҪ(r)Ƚ侭Ӫ
ͷ˿Ǽǲϵ˵һǼ˵֡
ǰǼǵ˶ڲԶţͿ첽˹Ķ档
ҽã
΢ЦãҪʲô
ЦŴо()岻鷳ҽæ
һֻȰѰ
ã
ܿͽԷĲ˳Ƣθ麮θۡθͣһĶθʹ
ҪƽʳϰģҸ㿪һƳ̵ҩ裬֮ҲҪעٳ亮ʳƷ
()

1144.1144 Чܺ

1144 Чܺ
˲ʲô⣬׵
ҲЩ⣬û뵽֪(qng)ˡ
Ц˵ã˾鷳ҽ㿪ҩҷã
㽫ַ£ҩ֮һʼĹȥʱٸѼɣҲḽ˵ҩļ۸Ƚ鷳㡣
Ҳ᰾ҩ׼ͳһҩ衣
úãҾͻȥˣ
˸˵վ()뿪治ʡ
ô׼𣿡
æͷ׼̫׼ˣҶû˵Լʲôҽ֪ˣ
ҵҩʼĵҺҾԣЧõĻȥǡһ䡣
ãǵĺϢ
ЩģҲģģûоܾ
ֻǶۣһǱһţԸҲǻ
ÿֻţһ޹һţ뽫Ū̫ȥ
ļ۸ȽϹ󣬼ֱ֮Ͽù⣬Ҳû֤Чֻһ˹
˲˺󣬷ֺĶûм٣ˡ
ҲܿȥμӽĿĹЧȷʵܺá
ȺӵģĳŶӣȻʣҲԽԽ
ҪȥԷվ()ͿĿǰŶӵЩˣΪҩٴοҵ
Ժÿ쿪һε꣬ÿι̶ʮˣҪŶӹŶӳˣȻȥڶȴ
Ҳһ֪
ȻԭĿ⴦ʲôȽϼĲԹȿ߼Ӻţ
ƣҪǲʱͿĻ¿ꡣ
˶ܿ˵ûʲôãҽġ
ŷģŶӵ˾תĻǹ
ЩȻʧҲû취Ҳ뿴ҽͿ࣬ǲô
ķ˿ϵһӣҪʵգֹˮӣҲȽʵ׼⼸ȥЩ˵(qng)
Ҫô棬ŶҲһġ
һֱ㣬Ϊһ˿겡
㣬𣿡¼ʡ
Ц˵ʲô۵ģûأ쿴ôˣ˰ɣ
ʮˣҲıȽϿ죬ֲҩڶꡣ
ЦУ쿴һβۣ
()

1145.1145 ˽

1145 ˽
һ뿪磬ھƵ껻һ()·ųš
Լ룬ĿῪǡ
ͬһͣΪû˻˴˼ջ(ͦͦ)õġ
Դӻߺ֮ǰЩ()ŮҲѧˣûҲ硣
ԷĵطŰĲĿĵݺͶʷѾڰš
ҽ֮ຮ˻ᣬѦҲڰͱԱߡ
Ѧμϴθ(r)(qng)˺ܶ࣬ҽȻûʧμεҰ㣬Եһ¡
ѦˣЦЦ
ҽǫ飬ıִĿá߻еڶڽĿ֪㷽μ¼ƣѦԱŵһͶЦſżɽ˵
ЦŻصҪ£֮ὫҪľڻϣȻñʦˣӦòٲμӡ
μӵڶڶ˵û̫壬Ҳ׼ʱ໨һЩڻ׺ҩϣҪ˵̣(ͦͦ)æҲûʱ䡣
ô˵ݺͼλͶ̶Щʧǹϵͽܣǿɲõ
ЦЦί˵Ҫҽ㿼£ʱμˣʱǣһڻҪº¼ƿ
ͷãһῼǵģ
Ŵҽ̸֪Ҫǣм룬ûסæ˿ࡣ
ϽĿİ(ͦͦ)ûоܾΪһһ˿
˶֣ǿǿ࣬ȽС
˵()(qng)ܰߴϿһ̾ѡ
Щ˶Ƚʲһһŷ
ֻǽĿͶʷˣμӽĿü˶һţ׷̸
ҶϵҲ(ͦͦ)Ӧ֡
Ϊ˹ϵ()ݣЩû˭ǿȻΪ
죬ҲǲϹ˺Ĺϵ
֪˵ϺܿյĵӣǽûԲɵȥ
ֽһź̸ߵ()Ц˵ҽҽǽȻͬȴ棬֪˽ܲܽһϵʽпһ̽ҽϵ⣿
Ĺҽĺܺ˽㡣
ЦŵðҶǵһЩƷҲ(ͦͦ)ȤԺǶཻ
Ƭ߼ҽѧܷҲкܶ˽ĵط
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~˼Ϊ⼸첻(qng)ܷ꣬״̬ҲͲ̫ãʱ䲻̫ȶһᾡȶµ~~
()

1146.1146 

1146 
ڶ죬ڽĿİ£뿪˰ǡ
ڷɴϢҲһ¡
һ³Ӷʱ˵һǵŵСӣԷҪǵƷȴɱˡ
Ƶ·ȻŵϣҲһ³ˡ
ʻһbܻףȻ˶Էaܻס
ս󣬻׶ˣӶŵ˺ʣµǵŻƴӲڴȡɹϮȫնɱ
((co)co)սƵһȫ()ðŻĳɱ嵽зڲƵҲ
ܶ˵һ֪ˡ塱֡
ʱţڷɴϢпƵʱоЦ⣬ˣô˧
ĿǰðŻĳЦŨ汻ҷ˳
ַпһȽȨķװƴ档
ԭҲֻɨɨ뿴һƬηȴͻȻһͼƬһֻȸۣĿȸʮֵľ
ʣƬҲд𣿿û˴
۴ķȥЩϤ
˿Ľܣдļŷηֹ˾ܼƷҲǵһװƴһƷҪչʾġ
ָŵļšĸĦ¡
ܿ뵽С
߽һƷİ䣬Ÿͽ
һڷװĽ־
诺ƾͿ־ôˣ
̧ͷе־۵һҳ磬㣬ǿϤ𣿡
ƾ˿־Ҳдۣ
֮ǰûм˴Ҳûд塣
诱()Ǵ(i)ߣù־ϸĿ˿ż־ϲ˵Ĵַ
ϲ壬ҪСʱ̵ģԱƾ˽⡣
ƾԴȣȷĴַ
诵ͷȷÿδʱ򶼻һСϰߡ
ָָͼƬϵ۵ǿβĵطϸһֵ¡
ϸ˿ǣ
ҵʱ۾;ôַЩϤƷǴжϵģǴĽܡ
ļţⲻǰְֺɵ
λܼпܾ衣ǵ¡
()

1147.1147 Ӧþ

1147 Ӧþ
õİְͻȻڵģ(i)Ů
Ϊһֻһӣ⹫ͺͰְֻҪµĵһӸգкӳ͸ĸա
Ҳúƾͬһա
ƾ桰ļšĸֵͷ⣬Ӧ贴ģǰϲ塢鱦⣬ϲ⡣
еĲҵܶ඼ĸ׾ӪģȺܶӶͳɹ
еϢˣЦݣҲȷ
ļ𣿡ƾʡ
ͷҿۺն˲ˣļʮǰĹ˾Ҫװ鱦ƵȲҵ
ʼģûҲûƬصŶûУܵ͵ò(ͦͦ)()ӡ
ҲΪܶ㶼ԵϣŻûлȥͽ͸
Ц˵ԵϣӦþˡ
֪ܲϵϡ
صûκϵʽֻ֪ļŵıǡ
ȴлע⣬װļŷηֹ˾ٰģڵʮһܿҪС
μ˵һ죬ȻԹ˾ܼμӵģһҲͶƱѡģӦΪ˹ЧӦ
о£ֻܼôһ·ǶģĶǽ˽˸߶ҪǽȥμӣҲһӦĹע
Ƭ򣬽˿ҲˣлкܶƺõĴ˿
ƾȽͬЦ취ԣ
Ҳϲ壬Կ˽˸߶ꡣ֪ҲвסϲĵҲ
õЦ˵û¾Ĳ˿һЩƷҪҪ꣬ǾΪҴˣ
μķװƴҲ֮ǰһ档
ȻעҪ
Һһ˫˫㣬ȷǵ()ݡ˫˫Сʱ̸ǵģҲΪǽĴ巨
ҪϣҪõʶһһͼҲֻ޷ɡ
迴Ļһϳ
ִ巽ǵʱʶ̸ǵģϺȽ
2130~~
()

1148.1148 Բ

1148 Բ
Ƭ̣Ȼȥμ˷װƴ
ĴȽȨгܾԵ˱ҲŶӵʽ
ֻһŶߵΪˣҲԣŶӵʽ
ʱ¸£оУȻѡǰʮ븴ʱ仹(ͦͦ)ԣ˵
ӣٹһ±ҲȽȡ
ҲĶӣţ֮ǰ˵ԾӰ죬ѾȫָˣܽҲл
ƾɫ(i)ĿЦϣǰҵ衣
ϣɣ˷׷׵ͷ
صǣֻڼңƾڹ˾Ӱ࣬绹
ϴһ죬Ƕǰһͬ()ߡ
İ磬Ƕù¶į˴˼䶼ůůģԵѪĸ(qng)
ڶûȥ̣Ϊ֮ǰҩȫʼ˳ȥ
ʼٶȺܿ죬ʼĳȥģط춼յ
˷ҩ裬ȥϸЧ
ֹһ죬ӦЧ˶Ҳ
[棬ҷҩ֮ѾоԵЧ(qng)ںת]
[Ҳǣ()ҽԺǱҲûΣʱȥƣҲҪһҵʱŻὥָηҩ裬Ҿ͸оʹˣû뵽ҽҩЧôá]
[ֻҩЧã֮ǰҽ࣬Լ׷ҲΣաҽˣ˭֪汻ײˣʱˣȻܿûˡ]
[ȷʵģҽ˵ҵŮȽкӵסؼҺҾʹȥ飬û뵽滳ˣҽ̫ˣ]
[ͬʱͿ࣬ǷҩЧǿӦ鶼Ǹܸܵģҽ̫ţˣ]
[֪λûЧΣе()]
[ȿȣ˻ûãҽҿ൹ӦˣŷЧԲ]
[ҪȥŶӿ࣬ϴξʹˣ]
[ҲҪȥ]
[Ҫȥĵģ̫˵ע⣬һֻʮء]
[㲻˵Ҷˣȥɾ]
̳ùҩͿ˶׷׳޺Ҳ˸׼ȥŶӡ
ʵ֤Բˮ˵ǼǵģҲӡ
()

1149.1149 û뵽ôо

1149 û뵽ôо
ĸ磬˻ҽ
ʵ֤߻߿ˣҲӷ(r)ȥ˵
ڶԼʱȥȵſڵʱ򣬷Ѿʮˡ
Ա߻վ˲ˣ׷ʺá
ҽã
ҽ쿴ˣва
΢Ц˵˼涨ÿ쿴ʮʱ䣬鷳ŶӰɡ
ֻˣûϵ˶ЩʧӦġ
ʮѾ磬뿪ȥҩ
ҲܽʱȫڿͿϣҩȥѧϰ졣
ʱúֳܿʵһΰ¹ȥ
죬翴겡ȥ˺ܶʳģһٷʢ͡
ãͻˡ
Ц˵ôطķˣ㡣
üҼķˣҲ㣡
һۣ⻹ǿ
ȻһӶ񣬲ǻʱ죬ѾһȤ
ϴ߽ȥ˲ˣûӺ汧˱Ķ䣬ˣ
ǰûŮѣȥսŴһ꣬ʱѰֻȥһңȴʱ̫춼
ͷĿҲˣ
ЦŽһ̺()𣬡Ϊİɡ
ĺܾû()ˣҲ(i)ԵĲˡ
ЦȻ˵Ҫȥģ
Ҽˣ޲ý
Ҳ§һȷ˳ŷֿ
أڶԺƾȻ
Ϊʢһ뷹ڹ˾Ӱ࣬Ҫϲܻ
꣬Ϣһʱ˰ɣʡ
Ц˵Ϣ£ֻϢ죬Ҫȥһˣ
̧ʣȥǣ
漴ʲôоǰܽ˹עˣ
ҷڶţ֮ǰܶ˶ûܣʻ׵ҲȽһ㣬˾ųԶ
ʹõ˿ԲߣӳЧ󣬸ǿ
û뵽ôоˡ
Ҽ
֮ǰ͵һǵһս¼ƳƵϣҶüҶ칫˾Уҹȥ̸̸
ҲҪǮҲУһ࣬ҪȽҵҲвסڼò绨Ϳˡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1150.1150 ˸Ǵ˸

1150 ˸Ǵ˸
֪в뷨Ҫһһȥж
ðȥ̸ָһʴ
ЦʣҪȥ
Цû£ҵȥ˳̽ǵ(qng)´лһ𡣡
֮ԻԵһǵŵôݣҲҪΪı
ҪĲ˻ڣðսȥǣ·Σվ鷳ˡ
ļᶨðɣԼСĵ㣡
ҿ϶ûµģģҪﻹޣ뽫§źúõڡ
֮ǰǽ()֪˷ˣҲû(qng)˵һ顣
Ϣͺãͷ˵ȥ۶ǣ˳Ҳȥļźĸ(qng)
Уã
̸䣬ƾ˽
磬ǰˣЦ()Է𣿡
ƾЦûǸ꣡
ãȥ꣬ƾȥϴϴ¡
ſʣҸղŽź˵Ҫȥǣ
ҲûֱӶܽǹ˾е(qng)˵һ飬׼ȥ̸̸
ƾ΢΢һЦҺһȥ
ЩȣҪȥ
Ҳ㵥ȥҪȥǹɣǰȸһ
εĹɻƾԼģ֪Ϣ׼ȥ顣
ܲ³Ŀģ˼µȥǻ᲻ΣգϾҪǲ˻ڰ
ƾЦЦ޷ϴҴǵ(qng)ǶʱӦòж
Ǵһħƹ˾ɵģӦҲûô󵨻ɱ
ż⣬˵Ҳ壡
ƪȷʵ޷棬ѾȫƿͻƵʮҪɱûôס
о˸()¶ʮϢ綼˾
̲ס̾˸Ǵ˸磬ٶҲû˭ˣߵãȻʮˡ
ʱǻ˵˸绹һȽĻսʿҪԸò治ס
УҾͺʹһɡʮҲİΣˡ
öԼҴһţûзԡ
극ͷһ˷䣬źͱһű˴һĵʱ⡣
()

1151.1151 ֪

1151 ֪
ȥ죬ͷһҪ￴飬ҪͳȥԷ߿Ӱ֡
ƾɴ뿪Ҳȥ˵Ϊ˿
ſ˲ԾʮоȻ˵ͬĲ֢״Ҳȫͬġ
Щ˶˶ѯһЩ˶֪Լжȴһ֮ͬ˶Աһǡ
Ϊ˽ⶾҩ裬ǵ(qng)¼
˽ŶӵʮˣӾͼ̸˹
Ц˵ҽе(qng)Ҫ鷳㣬֪ûпգ
²³ĿģðȥһƷ
ã
ȥƷ꣬һڹ֭ʲô(qng)
̸ҲȦӣ쿪ʼǲԶһǣ˲֢ͬ״סԺĻߡǻǲȾֲַ֮ǣڻûҵ鷳æ
Ȼǵ֢״ǲк()ϻ᳤
̸ȵ̧ͷ֪
ҽպÿĻߣԾ뵽ˡص
̸̲סʣҽ㿴ʲôԭ𣿡
жǶͬĶ()ϳˣеĶ
˶˵ֶȴһֱкͳ˽ҩˡ
˵ģǿǴ쿪ʼ½ôסԺ˵˭Ϊ˺ģ**
̸ͬĵͷ֮ǰҲĻɵģֻ޷ҵԭ壬Բû¶ۣ
ôжǿԴˮԴ֣ǲˣǿƽˮԴֽţҲֻſܴģж顣
̸úе֮ǰΪͷʲôɵģһֱڲǿϵĿû쳣ĵطû뵽Ͷ˷˵ܲˡ
()лҽսźǾǱߵϸˮԴͶĵط
ͷã
ˣٲһ飬쿪ʼûҩ֮Ķô¶ģҸоҪǮĿܱȱ󡣡ѡ
һ̸ָ˼·ãȽ£ҽԷ
ãЦЦ
̸ȥҽԺĹΣ˴˼ҲѣҲѧ˲ٹҽѧϵĶ()ΪһҽҲϣ˽޹ľ
()

1152.1152 ǵһθ

1152 ǵһθ(qng)
ֹ죬մӹʦǱѧλžͼ̸ڿ
̸ҽôˣЦ߹ȥ¡
д̸֪л˵˸к¥ˡ
̸Ǹ⣬˼ҽ㣬Ծˣϣûдŵ㡣
֮ܺǰ(qng)йأûҵԴͷ𣿡
̸żε˵ҵˣǿϵˮԴ˶ߵҽѧͽⶾרоˣȴ޷ˮԴĶ
Ҳץһ϶βҩˣֻܽ⿪һߵĶ޷Դ
Ŀ˵ҽֻ鷳ˣ
Ȼ˵Ĳ(qng)ȷжҲ˷Ƶҩ֢״һȫˣȺҩЧá
˵пܽˮԴ⡣
¶ˮԴǿǵˮԴһÿ춼ҪãԴ⣬ж˻ԽԽ࣬ˮԴͳ׷ˡ
̸̾˿˵ר߿˼ҪˮԴܽʧٵС
ͷ⣡
ûпˮԴȷܲܽҪȥСûдƱ
̸һϲ̫ˣ
㿴𣿡Щ˼ʡ
Ҳûа취ˣʵ˺ܶ취û⣬ֻкƤæϾϵźܶ˵Ľ
ȻҪæȻ(qng)ӻԼʱ䣬ãǾڹȥɡ
ȥŷɴǹǡ̸˿óն˰š
ϵǱߵٶȺܿ죬ԼʮӺ󣬷ɴ͵˱Ͽա
ֲһЩҩĲɼŵռ䣬̸һ˷ɴ
ʱɴһսȴ½
ּˣ½Ц֡
ֺգ½ã
̸ҽҾͷˣ½ԭϵ֮ɫ˲٣룬ǴԼһСʱҵִǿǣ
ЦŸ߽˷ɴĴ¡
ºʣǲ˭ͶΪľǳҩ
½صѾĻǵһǵŸɵģǵĿһΪ˱֮ǰڰǱץˣػףҲΪ׬Ǯ
˵ǳ۵ҩ۸񲻵ͣôжܶ˳Чһʮʮٵȥˣʮֱ
Ҳǵһθ(qng)ˣ
˼۵ܣдȥڲīҲдˣллͺͶƱ~~ǱǸҽԺĺøҽˣΪ˶׬Ǯҵĺüݹ˶ȥҽԺΪҪƣ˵ûȫƣҪһſŵԤԼҵڶԤԼҪܿ첻֪ǲǳȥ磬򶴲˵ļžͿʼۣûǰģȥǸ˵ĺ(())(to)һ٣~~ĸҲ˵׼㣬Ҫǲ˻㣬ʵڱǸˣʱһֿҪıԵ״̬ܲҪĥˣȺõһᾡȶºʱ~~
()

1153.1153 һ

1153 һ
²¶ӦŻɵģû뵽Ȼǵһǵš
Ҳ̫ɥĲ˰ɡ
½ʧЦôɥĲֻж(qng)ʲôɵóһ㲻ʲô
漴ɫ䣬ֱɱǣһȫɱûκ()ԡ
ҲǵĵˣҲսսҪ
üͷѹôţ
֮ǰμӵĽĿֱһǵŵȴֱӼʻϮóǳš
ǵ͹˶Էûߣһ
½ü̾˿ˣرǵһǵű鲼ȻսӣȴȽĵĸƻô޷ˡ
ǲŻܰԵһ˭ƻǵļƻǾԻ½ϵıε¶صΪ˱׬Ǯֻ˳ġ½̲סŭ
εǣ()һ𣬲Ҫ¶()ݡ֮ǰõģµһǵŵ˱
ȴЦһãҲǵıԼ()ȥ
Ȼ֮ǰҪҵҾͷǿҿɲǺ۸ġЦݣȴûκ¶ȡ
½̸Ļ㶣ʲôҪ¶()ȥ
֮ǰ´˭뵽Ҫȥ
üΪʲôһǵǿΣѲɻҳʮըǣ
ǵǲң½϶˵
פصսҲǳصģĸֺǱȽȽԲöԷô״
ʼ磬ǲ͵ˣҪǿߣǾͲӵһųġ
ɱҡ뱨ҲҪȻĵ
ãһǵҲ(qng)ᱨֱ¶ʵ
˵û¹˭ȷԷҪɱĵһʱ䣬лҪˡ
ԶԷǱƻȥƻǵļƻʧҲһֱ
бЩ˾ͼɱˣһξͿ϶ΣȻѾϣǾͳ˺ҲûԱ
ҳ˱()ʵԱ⣬ܽϾһǵſսҪĴ˭˭һء
⻰½̸̲סˣʱɵһ飬ԭôǿ
˵ͷЦЦѹǲ
˼״̬ʵ̫ˣŰ춼֪дʲôôһˣллҵĸλףһ״̬쾡ָĸôô~~~
()

1154.1154 ܽ

1154 ܽ
һСʱ󣬼˵ִǡ
ɴֱӽˮԴĿյϣʱˮԴսŰء
½սһصųǰ˾
½ͷ(qng)ˣ
ҽѧͽⶾר߻ûа취ȴ˿ʼųϢ˵ˮԴȾˣȴûʲôóôжڵ(qng)ǲ
ӳ˵ҪڲˮԴ⣬սǻС鷳ϣʱ
һǵŲֻϲɱӣϲ()ıƣֶֺģһΡ
½üͷ汰ɣ
û£һרңӦܽˮԴ⣬ȥţ
ǣ
½ߵǰָָ̧ԶһͷӴҽǾˮԴ鷳㿴ܲа취
ͷã
ߵԱ߶£һϸо¡
Ƭ̺վ()ˮԴͶĶֱӽ⣬ȴк͵()ҩĥɷСʱҶؾȫˡ
ⲢʲôĶأҪⶾȷʵѣߵרҲ޲ߡ
ҲŻ뵽õкҩ()ķ취
⻰վں̸۾һ԰ôû뵽ַ
ҽѾҩ䷽ͱ𣿡еʡ
ҪǾоҲӦŪкҩ()ҩ۳ȴҪʱ䣬˵ܳ
ڵһֿʼ鷳ǽϣ()ϡ
Цţھ͸㣡
(qng)ϵشҲ˷ʱ䡣
ãҺ½ȥҩĹ̸һ
ն˴һҪҩĺ̸ҩĵˣҼҩʦһҩͶţܱ֤Чʣ
ã̸ͷæϢȥ˵䣬½ҲϢȥЭ
ôʱŰ״ӵ˴ӲԶһоⶾר顣
̸ҽ֮ǰ˵Ҫȥæ뵽𣿡һͷӻ׵߿ʡ
̸ЦŽλҽҲæˮԴˣѾ˰취
λϣ()һҩʦһҩרҡͷߡ
Դ־ȣ̸˽ģɺټԷôƳ˭
߲˽⣬ϾֹͲεˣȥսĿ
()

1155.1155 ˭

1155 ˭
ϿôᣬЩȷǲܽ⣬ϵû¶
ҽðһ䣬ҪôˮԴأЦſʡ
ʵⶾ鷳ҵİ취ҩкˮĶ()
ҩ()ʲôЦôˮԴҪöҩ۲ܵ
߻δ˵()һӼɵôܿ϶Щҩ۾һã˵ɶȾˮԴأ
ҩ()ղҲо֮Ҳرҩĵı̫ƿˣһСľͻɶϼӶ
Ůƾʲô˵ܹҩкͽⶾŲš
ֻôΪרҲͬ뷨
֪Щ˲ţԼóҩܹкͶأ
Цһ(qng)ȴţ
̸״ڵҽҽܺõģڵһǵѹͻңϣٶȽˮԴ⣬Ӧ
Ѿȥҩˣ
ҽ˿̸дζɫʣ̸ҽǶԽˮԴҲżҲܺ
λҽĸҽԺ߾ͣĸҽƴҵģʲô֤кͶ()𣿷ǿɲͬⳢԣϾɲһ֮ԡһ
̸üͷָΪνˮԴҪˣҾͻ𡣡
ҽĵ뷨
ǲţȻǸˣȴָɹҪǳ⣬ѲɻҪǱٴߡ
Ϳ̸˳ˣλŮҽܽʦλרҶ޷⡣
ʲôҽû
̸ɫ˳ȫȨ⹻˰ɡ
Ҳٺ˵תͷߣϣһḺ𣬵Ҫٲԣʱϲ𡣡
˵ǵҩ͵ȷɡ
̧ۿҽжİգ
صٷ֮ʮİա
ȷôߣϾСǺ£òҲ̫Źˡ
ǸղҲокͶ()ķȴǳɹֻаٷ֮ʮ£ٷ֮ʮİգ˭
ЦЦȷһһᵱҩóǿ½۰ɡ
˵ٶ඼ûãҪʵ˵
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~챻򶴷ͻȻ۵»һٵĹҽԺȻŧˣ򿪴컹ҪȥҽԺҩĸҲϣӦûָĸ״̬õĻֻ϶ϸ~
()

1156.1156 Լ

1156 Լ
ô˵ϵͷ
ӻ粵ȴһֹˡ
Сʱ̸½Ǳ߳ﱸҩķ׷
̸ҽҩˣ𣿡
ףţھ䣡
ߵǶҩǰ棬Ҫкҩ()ҩȫһݳ
ɽҶݡÿһҩľͻϵˣ˵ҩЧԼҩ۵
ϸſţʱĵͷɻ
ɻһһ
ҩ꣬ȫĥƳҩۡ
ǿȴһͰˮԣкͳɹٽҩİõıĥɷԭô鷳Ҳ̸ЩԣӴ˵
ҲǶҽѧء
ϵͷãҲȵ㡣
Ȼ̸˵ȫ𣬵ǿɲֱͶҩۣϾϵǴˮԴ
ȥù飡ŶһŲ(qng)ԸӷԸ
ϣŪʲôкҩüԲš
ҲüͷܲŪǿжϵģȥüǡþ˵Ͷҩۣ޷кͣ취
ȻҲǰŰɣȴؽΪ˼ûϵ˵С
ӻ粵䣬ɿɫÿֻת()ȥ
ǾҴ
ڳҽרţ̸⣬Ҳǲҩܹкҩ()ġ
ܿ˹ȼһմӺˮԴ
õҩҲҵһͰˮȫں̧֮ͷ˵ˣ
һԶ⡣
һʼʾʳ꣬ϻ¶һȻ˵ļģɣҾ˵кͣװģĻҪ𴩡
һٶĆ£ƢҲˣĿҿ㲻ֻҽⶼרҵҽʸ֤Ǽٵİɣ
˵ʲôվ()ĸУҲҽƴҵģҽԺҲкüĹ飬ŲŲרҵ
Լõҩûã⻹ɣƲƲ졣
׼һȥٱ̸˽ȨȻҽˮԴֱǺˡ
ͬߣԼкͶѵҪʱ䣿
ʱҽ𣬡ݿʼֵˡ
()

1157.1157 ԩ·խ

1157 ԩ·խ
һһֱҽġ
˸ղŵעŵӵĻϣ⻰ŷ׷׳ȥ
һ֮¶˾Ȼֵˣ
϶¶ֵϵ½˵Ͱˮڳӽ
ôܣӿŵĵ
Ц˵ˣҪȥŲ̄ɡ
㣡ôɫѿ˼֡
ֻɣһҲûܣ
ת()ȥ̨ʼ⡣
ʾֵֵҺ͵һ̨һֵٲϵ½
̸ЦЦҪҪٸṩ̨ԣ
ߣֵΣֻһͰˮǿһôȷһЧأӽܲˡ
üû֤ҶԼ䷽ģ͹ˣ
ѾûʱˣԸⳢԾԣԸˣұҲ¶һνģ
̸ᶨ˵㣬ĸˣ˵㣡
ֿ˿ϵˣָָ̨ʾֵʵѾˣû˰ɣ
û뵽õҩЧȴȷͶŵˮ᲻Ҳһá
˵УͬͶԣ
ϣɲǿЦģͶҪкͲô죿ӼæҪֹ
ϵĿкͲˣҲܱʲôãбڸ(qng)𣿡
ҪǾģ𣿡Ȼ֮ǰҲмӣʾ֮ȴҲǷӡ
Ѿͷмˢӵģ˵ܳɹ
λȴ̫ˣоñ˺ãһֲϲ
֣Ҫˣ
㣡һҭҪܽˡ
Цû¾ͱ죬ˣǲҲջݰ
ӵ˵ҾջݣҪô
̸˿ģֻ֪Ƿ̣ȴ̵˵ϡ
ɿһս˵ǻø磡
ֻλŴһʮ**֪֮ˣǻ
̸Ļüʶ
һʲôҰ۸Ǹҽ
֮ǰ˵һҰҽ۸ˣ˻ܻ˻ݼҲ
ֻһչصĿŻûȥֱͻطţ֪£ȴ֪ҽ˭
ɫõĿ˿ҪŮ˵Ļԩ·խ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~
()

1158.1158 Ҷ

1158 ((Ʊ))Ҷ
Ҳû뵽ôɵ(qng)Ȼø硣
ԷĻĿѹҲôרҵԭǸǿԼҽѧԺ߲ȴûʲôµĻһˡ
ż̵ַ˵ҽѧرˡǹȻһˣ
㣬һʲôûеҰҽʲôʸ˵ֻɭһ()иһֲмŭ
̧̧°͵ƾҽãְҵ
ˣٺ˵о˵Ƚҵ̡ƲƲ졣
ſ̸˵ȷҪҩ𣿡
̸ͻɭһҽԺҽԻɭҲϲһﱻҭסҲˬ졣
ȻҪģھ鷳ҽ㶯ˣǸ֣Ц˵
ղŵʵ飬ϵҲûзԣ׷ױʾԸΪ֡
ٲ⣬ϵľǺܿͱɿ
һ˿ʼæµԭҪִĻɭһ()ڣоŭ
ûаæվڲԶŸ첲Թۡ
ܹҩ۽ˮԴ⣬ϾˮԴķΧ̫ˣҪкҩ()Ҫõҩ۱÷ǳ׼С
ľ׼ô
͵ſʧܣʱٴŸ˳
ԲУϸ׼Ĵżλҽרҩۡ
СʱңͰҩĥ
նϵƽͼһЩ㣬ÿͰҩ۷ֱұЩ򣬱ܴﵽŻںϣЧҲ졣
̸ȻȻķãʹȥҩۡ
Ϊȷ⣬ҪԳ
½ҲЦŵæ
ܿ죬˴һЩսŵĽʿҩȫ˺
Ͽҩ󣬺ˮɫȻ˱䣬ʣҽкҩ()ЧԼҪ೤ʱ
ֿ̧˿ʱ䣬ԤһСʱ֮ھȫк꣬ʮҾͻῪʼ任ǿ⣡
ãϵͷ
ɭ()ĵûЧһأҪʧˣɵǲʱ䡣
ԭֻǶԻܷУڼɭģŶԻݼҲһ𷴸ˣҽѧңôЩҷ治ô
㲻˵û˵ưͣĵ
㣡ɭˣӾ˾((Ʊ))Ҷ֣
()

1159.1159 ̫

1159 ̫
̸½Щ
ǿһսģһֱ⣬ȻҪв
ͻȻһֿϷ˼׷ЦЦĿŻɭ
ǿ׳һҲֵ
һһǸն
һıӣԭû׼ֵĻɭͷһ(r)˫ֶ˶ܵĽȫȥ
ҽ˼״ɫ˱䣬ס֣
ɭҲ̫û÷ˣôܶŮʿأ
ϧǵĺһѾҵ()ϡ
üԭнܰ
漴Цһ̫ˣ
ͻȻ̧֣зҹĽסȻ˫ֽࡣ
վȫĿɿڴ
ֻ˫ֽеĽ׽סȻһһ򣬸ӯϵ˵ߡ
ɭŵĶʲôϵߣ
ЦһС˼ѣõϵܣ
̧һףŻɭȥ㣡
ɭôɣŽָûأԼȥӡ
˭֪Ÿɫ˲˱䣬˾ͼҵõɳȥԶغǱֱڵϡ
˲ֱӵǣһﱻڵĵطҳһӣ˵Բᡣ
Ҷ֪ͬ(qng)ɭǾˡ
žžͻȻӺ뿴˹ȥ
һս˧սװӴż˹
½Щ⣬ǰ񣬡ս˧
΢Цͷһ񣬡½ս
Ŀ()Цʣλǣ
½ܵλǹˮԴҽ
Ȼֶܣλսŵս˧
Цкս˧ã
ս˧ϵЦŨŨҽãղſ()ôãû뵽һҽ
ЦЦһ()ѣս˧Цˣ
ҽ̫ǫˣս˧ղſọ̈̄ûз()ܲ˵Լ˫סġ
ֵԲͣ͸ˬҲһӡȽϺá
ֿ½ʣˮԴ(qng)ˣ
ˮԴȽϼ֣ӵһõϢŸϹҪԿ
½ʵصѾҽķˮԴӦÿʼнˣ
Ͷſڵˮ(qng)仯תͷԼ˷Ը
ǣ˽Ѿ׼õͶŵˮ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1160.1160 ǵԤ

1160 ǵԤ
ǱȽǰصļŵˮԴͿʼʾ
һʼʾǱԭʼݣŴҾͼݿʼı仯ϵĽͳֵ
ս˧һֱϵݱ仯ʮӺЦ⣬Ҫɹ𣿡
̸ݱ仯Цҽ֮ǰǳɹģڵݱ仯һ£ˮԴҲܳɹ
ϵҲ¶ٴξȵı(qng)ȻǳǵԤϣԭȫкҩ()
Ҷһֱݿֹ˶ʮӣֵλúҲˡ
ܿʾѾﵽ׼ˮԴɹ
ʾڳ˻ɭ˶̲ס¶Цݣ׷˿
ս˧ͬ˿̫ˣ鷳ڽˣ
ڶսԽԽû취Լѹ
Ĵ㣬û뵽λҽôͽˮԴ⡣
ҽ̫ллˣЦݵ˵
΢΢һЦս˧ˣһҽȻ̸ҽæȻҪŬ
ҽģս˧Цŵͷ׼˵ͻȻʿ첽ĳ˽
ߵս˧Ա߸˵˼䣬ɫ˱䡣
漴˵˷Ըж˴
ǣִ˿첽˳ȥ
ս˧εĿ̸˵̸ҽսŵʿͻϮֻ˻жˣϵҽû취Σ뼸λæ
̸ͷã
ܿ죬ʮ˱̧˹ڳҽǶ׷׶¼顣
Щ˶飬ſʼ½ۡ
ϸ˿˵ǶжˣҪȽѪҺ⣬Ȼĳɷ֣취ⶾ
ս˧ã鷳λˣ
ϵʼȡѪ飬ܿͷЩڵĶسɷ֡
һͲжҪһСʱ޽ͻ
ϵɫ̫ã֮ǰطҲֲɻûоⶾҩ
½ŵϵüëͷһǿʼ˪̲סһȭڵϣЩ˵ϲ()У
е˵Ҷ֪ǵһǵĪ
ǲֻкǿĻŶӣкܶҩʦͶҩרңʱоͲ߶أǵľ߶ԸսŵĽʿ
()

1161.1161 ôģ

1161 ôģ
ս˧ɫҲȽѿ
ʣûа취ⶾ𣿡
ʮ˿ɶսŵľӢôʵЩܲˡ
ε̾˿û취ѾоרԵĽⶾҩˣڻûгɹ
֮ǰϵʱûж׼̫ߵȥҽķͷ
ֻϵû취ȣǰҿ
̸ͷҽ쿴˵а취ⶾ
ıǿǼʶġ
ֻڳ̸ֻ½˵а취˶ûϷ
һǵÿоͶͲʼһʱҪвٵֱоⶾҩܽ
ܿһ۾оⶾҩ
ս˧Ҳûбϣǿ˵˾鷳ҽæˣ
ͷߵһǰ£ǰ˰()һɺǿƵıԪƻ()壬ӵҲȽϿ졣
Щ͹ļʱػûɢ͸ķ
ûж˵ٵóΪȻڵĶسָ((Ʊ))
Ҷ֪ҪʲôǻûмƷ˭ûھôĿš
˾ͼ˵ĸ첲ͻȻȻӵ֡
ӿռóһ˵ѪܸƣһεڵѪӿ
ֱѪҺɫýѪĵط˼¡
¶ȵɫΪԭŵѪȻһ¾ֹͣסˡ
óһƿ״Ĺӵݸ̸ҩĨ˿ڵλã
̸ӹҩ࣬ã
Ȼͬİ취εڶˡ
ŷӦǽⶾ
Ͽŵһƹˣüͷͷϵı˪Ѿʧȥʼƽȣ߹ȥ顣
ҾͼһǾò˼Ľ
𾪵˵ѾָʾڵĶѾʧˣ
ڶˣΪƣԵڶ˼һ顣
͸ղͬЩԭѾ֪ͨˣΣգָ(qng)š
һ䣬ôģ
ҲסˣԭˣȥĪͲףĺ⣬Ҳôģ
ϵĻԭ()ս˧ɫ˲˱䣬ųһϲɫȥиһַ·ڿһɫ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~ɶ˶ۣɵķ꣬״̬ԾˣһӦþͿԻָ¸~
()

1162.1162 ǰδй

1162 ǰδй
һΪһΣֻǰСʱھͽʮжȫꡣ
˵Ŀעȫ()ϡ
ֹѪҩЧҲ̫˰ɣʱս˧()һսű̸ĨҩĽʿȸ̾
⻰ŽĿŵж()ϣ֮ǰп˿ڲֹѪˣȻ˿ڶϣɵҲ˾
̸ĸдЧֱȥƲֲУõҩȴġ
һ˺վ()ӿռóˮ֣()ϵĶѾȥһ()ȫָ
ս˧߹ֺգҽлˣ
Ʒ棬ʲôҽʡ
Ҫ֣ʮսžӢǾҪˡ
ЦЦǹҽҽƷкܴս˧ǰûü
ս˧ףһǵһμֹҽҽҴ۽磡
̸ָָŵҩֹ࣬Ѫ˿ڵҩõ𣿡
Чʵ̫ˣ̫ʺսʹˡ
ƲֿѸٵ˿ڣÿνƲֵĻǺܸ߰ģҪصɴϲУսʱҲǲ(yn)ġ
Ҫܽóҩսţ𵽺ܴЧ
Ц˵ţóҩֹ࣬Ѫ˿ڣֹ۵Ч
֪ҩҵսźܸȤս˧żɽ˵
˸߲ң֮ǰûг۵Ĵ㣬ս˧ȤĿ̸̸
ãҲôģս˧˼һתʣҽļҽԺְ𣿡
ҡҡͷûУԼһΪ˿ӡ
ûȤսҽս˧Ʒֱ̫ʺսˣһҪսȥսҽԺְҲԡ
Щ⣬û뵽ս˧ԼȥսҽҪ£
()(ͦͦ)ȤģǱȽȱľǿɽҪսҽĻǽͱߵĵսŹҹҲһ
ֻҲһ¾ʹӦ׼ȥ͹ʦ¡
ûӦҽ£ΪӦûȲӦģϾҪսҽԺսҽɲǼ׵(qng)
ͨҽԺսҽԺҽ໹ǺܴģŵҲͬ
ȻǾȵĻս˧룬ǰδй(qng)
()

1163.1163 ܿ

1163 ܿ
ڳ̸ڵҽǶҪսҽԺսҽġ
ֻϧҪսҽȴҪսűȽȨ룬ͨĲ㿼˲С
ֿ˲ֻҪҽҪвս̸Ǿͱˢˡ
ս˧ʵҲЩȻûӦû߿֣ôȴ˵ĳȣȻûˡ
ҽܻȥǣȻǺºú̸̸˲ôҪڵսҽԺ
΢΢һЦã
ս˧ٴȷˮԴ̸ҽרŶӣҲصָл׼뿪
Ҫ뿪߽ս˧ǹҽóҽ⣬ó֮
ҸղŹЩ⣬뿪ϮпܻܱȽصƣҽ֮ǰõ·ߣ߶һЩ߼ױ
ս˧е£ǵһ˵ϿԿ
ǲ̫ŵģЩѵ()ϸô֪Ϯ
Ȼ׻᲻ϮһأָҲԭܺõӡ»˲١
ɫЦЦҽῴࣿҲǵһ˵
㿴ң˻⵽Ϯ⣬ܿʲô𣿡ʣȻҪ̽
ʵҲµģս˧˱仯ԷȥսҽԺ¡
ս˧ĻȽ⣬ҪǻûнӴҲš
ϸ˿ս˧ڵܽҿ𣿽࿴ܸõжϡ
ս˧Ҳ뿴ʲô󷽵Ľ˳ȥ㿴ɣ
ϸ˿֣ȷ֮ǰϿϢһ˵𣿡
ս˧üȽأ
һЩս˧()ƽԣ˼ԣΪ˰㱣ܣҪ˵˵
ս˧ֺ棬һֵ̧ĶȥǱ˵
ãͷһߵԶĺԣ˵
ҽ˵ɣս˧
ʵ˵ҴҪ(qng)
һڵĸײģȴӣദĺ֪ܺµӦҲ١
ԭĵĵս⻰оǾ⣬ܿ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~ָĸ~~⼸״̬**ûˣҾķ˫ʮһҹﳵһûУè;ûе㿪ʵ̫ѵˣ~~~ǲҪȥչﳵˣٺ~~~
()

1164.1164 ȷ

1164 ȷ
һȻģ
ܴϿ
ºأ֪˷ǳ٣ս˧ΪԵ鵽ǶԿ(qng)Űɡ
˵(qng)ʲôأʡ
Цŵڶ֮ǰܹ˺ֱʮһꡢʮʮʱرһκգͻˡ
˺Ҳ()һЩʱʹ
ս˧еľ֮ɫŨܹܿ˺ʲôɼ
Щ˼飬սɵ˺ʮһǴڼɵģʱҲδսţֻ֪м׽ļˣй¶
ѲǴϿģôܣ
΢΢һЦֻǴϿжϵġ
ֲ棬ֻҪ¾жϳµʱ䡣
ĳɼǴɫһЩġ
ս˧Цǰ㶼˵ˡ
ȤȻʣô㿴ĵʲôأ
ɫŮһŮţһӼǰȥˣһʧˣĿǰֻһһŮ()ߡ
ʲôս˧ض㿴ʧ٣
ͷţʧٲĶŮλʾŵĶӻλ
ս˧ĺ˼֣ȷ𣿡
ȷʵŮСŮûΪ̫ţһбǵŷɱӴʬᡣ
Ҳǰһ䣬ֻûҵʬ壬ɴϢȴ
СͽӴ()߽Էսŵļ̳ˣ˺ܴĺ͸(qng)ϢʱӽʱֱˣܵĴܴ
СӲϲսţսŲûм̳ˣֻܽǿдսȴǺ⣬һֱҪǴӻ߶ûͺˡ
ȻԼӻš
ܿǸˣǸʧ𣿡Ŵʡ
ʵʾʧ٣ȥˡ
Ļţս˧̲סʣԷŮˣǶȥĸ첲
оó(qng)ܼʾţ϶ǻŵġ
()

1165.1165 ɲ

1165 ɲ
ԼĶǺŵġ
ս˧һܿ𣿡
ҡҡͷ
ս˧ʧ֮ʣֲһ䣬ȴһҿܲܲ׽ڵķλ
ǷˮȽҪһ֮ǰûʹù
ģս˧ԭЩȻٿȻһ
ףûбҪƭ㣡
ҽѰҶӵ䣬ˣս˧ñȡ£һ
Ҳ֮Ҫܰս˧ҵӣҲܵõһݴ(qng)˵Ʊ˵вСİ
ȻصǺҳԡûб֤һܽһϾǰûԹ
ֻҪϣս˧ãȻǺҾ㣡
սϢȴûҵʬ壬Ҳɹӿû
ȥ˵ʱսĵطĿ̫СˣսרҲӵʬŻһ׹ں嫵ǿˡ
Ҳ˵ûֻʧ٣(qng)Żô̲סҪȥš
ţͷ漴ʣ˵Ļս˧Ӧ˼ְɣ
ս˧ʧЦȷʵ˼֣
˵ȫУɲš
˵ڷĵϣȫġ
ս˧㻹Ǻúð뿪ǵˣεΣֻҪⰲܱܿġѡ
ս˧Ҳ֮ǰ˵ΣյĻãȥţ
ŽԼն˺űһ飬ҽصǺ󱣳ϵ鷳ϵʽһ
նԼķ˹ȥǾնϵɡ
ãǻͷս˧̬ºࡣ
ս˧ͷЦЦ
ս˧ǻ(qng)Ҫֿ뿪ˡ
Ȼߵ̸һֱڹעҲս˧ɫ̬ȱ仯һľѡ
ܺ׶ս˧˵ʲôöԷ
ս˧뿪ǰһ֧ӢСӱǴһӣ½Щ벻ͨ
ҶʶȤûֻǶ̬Ҳ˲١
ߵ̸()ʣˮԴˣҪæ𣿡
̸ʵ˵׼ȥ￴жľȻٷǣ֪ҽȤ𣿡
()

1166.1166 ڸ

1166 ڸ
ðǾһȥɡ
ҲûʲôҪϻȥǾͬˡ
̸ϵЦ̫ˣҽţҲоģ
Ȼ֪ҽҲȽҪͻ¼ܲĺá
ϵ˴ʱҲȫϿҽҪȥܸˡ
Ҷһֱ˱ڵϰĻɭ
ߺ˽ӽȥҽԺơ
ɭоȫ()۵ҲһԹޣŮ˾ǹġ
ͬʱһĽʺޣҲսҽԺһսҽȥȥϧսһرˢ
ҪǽսҽԺ£һЩսŸ߲Ļǻݼҽǳ
ȴû뵽һֱ׷ĶȻô׾͵õˡ
˵ǣֻս˧ԿģŮ˾ûһ´ӦҪȥǡ
͵ҽԺǰǱ߷һϢȥϣĸֹ߲ܹսҽԺͻʲȥ
Ͳս˧Ϊһֱ涼ݼҡ
ò˵ˣҪûΪս˧࣬лݼֽţս˧Ҳ˲
ս˧ԻһʱϵݼҵжҪ
̸һȥ˳ĵҽԺкܶжĻߵơ
֮ǰץǵרų۽ⶾҩˣҲûһⶾҩڲ(qng)ʱסһЩ
ֻж˻Ǻܶ࣬ҪҩʦƽⶾҩܵõΡ
ҽԺڸ䲡̬ʮĲǣ̸ʣҽкˮԴİ취ܲڻ()кͶ()ﵽⶾЧ
˼ԣֻ()еҩҪõıҲҪ
ֻҪܽⶾͺãҪʲôҩģȥ׼ò˵̸ȷʵһҽ
ҲǣµҩһݸЩҩһ᰾һҩǺȥڵĶؾܽˡ
۲£Щж(qng)ǺأһҩͿԸ㶨
̫ҩ鷳һȽʡ£뿪ҽԺҽţȻ󷢸Ļߡ
̸ڶҽţãȥţ
½ͬæֻǰСʱңҪҩȫ˹
()

1167.1167 ȻҶ

1167 ȻҶ
Ȼʮ㣬ȴûߵĲ(qng)Ц
ҩ׼ã̸˵ǴЩﰴղĲͬʱ䣬ʮȰѰȷ֮ҩ
Ҳܸ׼ȷĴҩĵı
̸ͷãȥ
ܿеĻ߼һȻȽ
ȽҰĿϵı֣ûп˿ȥȻ˵ѾæˮԴ⡣
һôһ֪λҽҽ
Ҫ(qng)ˮɣвҪΪʮеһˡ
Ϊ̸ɸѡʮһһ˵˵Է(qng)ò˸Ͽ
ǵⲢһҩÿ˺һȥڵĶؾܽ˵
ҽõ˷ҩ𣿡Щŵʡ
ЦãҿҩҪкڶҩ()ģһȲӰ졣
ðɣ㣡ڳ()ܲȻϣϿ
̸׼ҩӵһͰȻҩ
ԼʮӣŵҩѾˣŶɡ
½Ѿ׼һ()룬ܶ໼߶ǰŶ졣
ҲһЩûж׼Щ˺֮ҩЧźȡ
ʱһĹȥҩ֮˶׷׸е()˺ܶࡣ
棬ȥ֮ҸоöˣҩЧòƱ֮ǰ˽ⶾҩĸ죡
ǰҲо˺ܶ࣬λҽ
Ч֮ǰûȵ˴չ
ϻûЧǻô˵ֻЧ̫Чˣȹҩ˱ӵ
Щ֮ǰԥԥûкҩˣǰȥŶȡҩ
һʮʮ٣ҽҲҽԺ
һһ˫()ĴµĻ㱨һŽǰ߷
ôȻҶ£
ӳˮԴѾȷˣ汻Ǹк˶()ָ
жЩ˾˵һҩܽⶾǵҲȥԣЧǵĽⶾҩãô죿㱨̲סʡ
ˮԴЩߵĶȫ֮ǰµļƻ
۾׺ݵ˵ҽôãߣҲŲһֱô
ȥʵʩڶ(to)ҾͲܽһš
ǣȥţ˿ٵȥá
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1168.1168 ҪŪ۶

1168 ҪŪ۶
ǵҽԺж˶䵽һҩ
ȥЧҲ˴ж˸ҽԺ
̸˻ΪҩȥĻϵͳ飬ǵĳֵͣһ
ҽߵг̲ˣھͻȥסһ̸в⣬ЦߵԱʡ
Цھͻȥɡ
ãͰŷɴ̸Ҳ²Ӧò¡
ɴͻȻԺ첽һͷ󺹵Ŀ̸̸ҽҽǸղŽӵ˼ͻ()״һģһ
ǻɿҲжˣҲ֪ǲˮԴģܲǰæϿҵ˵
̸㶣ûлشֻתͷдѯʵ˼
΢΢üðɣǹȥ
ܾǸʲôһǵҪŪ۶ӡ
Ժһϲ˸ƣλ
Ž˴˶¥ļң()̣ʱȫˡ
ɫŲ֮ɫͣĿȫͣĽ࣬Ǳס˲һ
ǵ(qng)ˣԺһҽʡ
ҽһ(qng)ԽԽˣȱһȴͣĿԣѣַȥ(qng)
ԭ𣿡̸ʡ
ҽҡҡͷûУɨȫ()ͳѪˣֻܷǵ½ȴԴǻɿжˡ
̸ֶҲ⣬ҿ
ˣҽһơ
̸֮ɫޱȣʮ**жˣ߸ȾʲôͬĲ
ҽ鷳ǿͷ
ͷã
ߵһߵǰץס˰üͷĸⲻж֢״ӦǸȾһֲ
ΪҲ˰ǵ(qng)ҲһǸȾĳֲʱӦ޼
⣬ͬƵĲ𣿡˵תͷԺʡ
Ժ׼˵һҽ˽Ժˣ˶ʮˡ
ָָ()ϵĲˣ֢״ͬġ
Ժɫһ䣬鷳ˣ
Щ˵𣿡ҽ˵ܲܲһ飬Ƿʱʲôط
ҽʶˮԴжߵˣͷܣȥ飡
()

1169.1169 һһ

1169 һһ
ܿ죬ҽͳͽߵϣõݸ
һ飬¶˹Ȼ˵ģǶͬһ˵ֲԭ򴫲õƵĻԴԴϵв˱
̸ϵ֮ɫŨ(qng)½ȥѰҲԭ塣
һͻȻʹĳ鴤̲סʣЩо𣿡
ͷоȣòڻӷƶϸ
(qng)óӲſԾΣҲֻܻⲡ(qng)޷ȫղžͻˡ
ɫ䣬ͷŲ˺ܶȫɥĲ񡣡
оֲģҲǱֲ̬оȫΪĥ˶оġ
̸ɫҲ䣬ЩǵֻҪΪܴĿģʲô(qng)ɵó
ЩɥĲһһƣȫϵ
ԺǵҲʹޱȣ(qng)ǲһΣÿҪǲһЩ˶˵ȥ
ҽЩҪǵòʱľΣǲǻΣգҿǵ½ĵʡ
ʵصǵģǴӸȾʼͽһֱѿԣȫͣʮСʱ֮󣬺ֹͣ
εĲȾΪ˲ǳ۽ҩ׬ǮҪģԱʵû뵽Щǵô֡
ҪôźأԺһĽ
ѾƷڵص㻹ҪԴ
½˺ע£ûʲôطɢ(qng)еĻܲܿơ
˵֮꣬ǰ鴤˿ʼ°ĭۣ첽߹ȥó¡
׼һҩĴͰҪΪǰҩֲ˵Ʋѡ
ֻǿŻߵģʵЩζ
ãȥ׼ԺЩ˵
ֻҪܰҩЩ˾͹ˣܱܵȰ˺á
Ļȫ͵Ϊƣֵ
ãԺ˺ܶ()λЩ½вĻҲ˹
һһΪƣܿЧ
ڳۼЩҪ鴤Ľ£һָĺҲٿԺͳ鴤ɫҲָ⣬һ
ҽѹս˧ȥսҽԺ
()

1170.1170 

1170 
ԼʮңĻȫһ顣
̸ǱҲӵ½ĵ绰ɫֻ˱䣬ѿ
ҽ½Ǳ޷ҵԴһ飬ˮԴ嶼ˣûзֲԴ
Ǹȴи˳˲֢
̾˿ǸϹȥɡ
ҲԴԽԽĻ߱һҲƲ
Щ˵Ƶý뽫ɢĶ((Ʊ))һطȻٺҩΡ
ãǹȥ̸Ҳ֪һ˸æôˡ
Ϊ˼ٻߵֻٶȿƲԴ
ȽҩţԸԺջʲôʱԸι£Ÿ̸һȥǸ
ǸҽԺǺԶʮ֮Ǻ½ϡ
̸½֪ûʲôչǶǼ𣿡
½ͷҷԸսŵ˷ֿ̽飬ȴûκηӦѾһ顣
ľϵ߸֪£ûз쳣(qng)
ħóһЩݣƳһС˵ģڲϻͨ飬óһ()ȡѪҺմȾ˲˵ϡ
̸˿һĲ⣬Ҫʲôأ
žͼָ˵Сˣ˶ʱɴ۾Լǲǳ˻þ
ֻСǻһ£ĴţȻһȥ
ϣٳŲ׷ȥ
Ų˺ȥ̸½˲ŷӦȻò˼飬ǿٵĸȥ
ܿ죬СһĽֵһ䲻ͣš
߹ȥͼǽ߲һȼһ̵Ķ
½˴ʱҲ˹ȵʣǲԴ
ţ
½ó⣬ﺬһֶ()кʣ
´ҲȷǲԴ
½ü˵û뵽ǾȻǽǵôС̣֮ǰţǼ⣬ȥѰܹԶ
̵ôһСɲϸȻô˸ȾϲŸ̾
ֵ˵Сˣôһ϶޷ģǼң
̱½ŵһܱյСĿ£Ѱ
Ķ䣬һҵ˼ʮ̡ͬ
()

1171.1171 ̫

1171 ̫
½˾Ȼû뵽ԷŪô첡
ҽԴȫҵ𣿡½̲סʡ
ͷ̲ԴѾȫҵ֪ûС
ֱ˺üˣͬͨ飬˽˷ŵȻңһ
˼½ģСĽС˽ӹֱ𽻸ŵù£ǸϿ˷ɢڸѰҲԴ
ǣͬССˣ뿪
ҽʲôֶΣС˾ǻһҵԴߺ½ĿʼǸСʡ
Ѱҵķо̫ˡ
ﲻ֪ˮЦŵǹҽһֶΰɣʹľϵܽͨ顣
½ƶǶĵͷԭˣǹҽֻ棬ֶҲôء
ʱ̸ĵ绰ˣ
Ƭ̺󣬹绰εĿ˵ҽԺǱߴ绰˵вٻ߱˹ȥҪ鷳æ¡
ͬʱһУҲҪˣȴΪ
ûоܾУȻҽԺ
½Щһȥо£ܲóҩκͽ
һƣʵڲ
ã½ڶʮֵŷ
һֻصҽԺǣֻԺڣԭѾ뿪ս˧ҲҽԺͬĻϵĺü߲㡣
ս˧ӭҽּˣ
ս˧ãЦЦ
ս˧Ц˵֮ǰҽ˵ȫˣұǵŷΪ׼ĳ֣ûǵˣлˣ
ζȫˣû취˭ʵ˵ˡ
ս˧ˣս˧ôֻˣΪͲ
ս˧ϵЦŨŨҽ˵ˣ۷˵һͲͻȻӣѾкܶУ͸Ϲ(qng)
Ǿλ߻ѰҲԴҽҴսźϵ˸л㣡֣صĶһ
ȻѾ֪ղŷ(qng)
Ц()ΪҽȻ(qng)϶Ӳġ
ֲҽܿ𣿡ĵ⡣
ͬʱҲɵ̾Ůҽô
Ҫҵ˲ԴͲȡΣǲ֪Ҫˣ(qng)⵽ԿƵĵز
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1172.1172 ܿͱ

1172 ܿͱ
ս˧ôʡ
Ц˵Ѿ½սԴˣֻҪо¾ҵƺͳ׸εķҵʱͺã
ս˧˿ǵŷųĲʮСʱҪǲܿƺƣǾ鷳ˡ
ãҽоҪʲôԷԸһᰲġˬʵЦ˵
ͷãǾ鷳̸ҽȰæˣ
̸Ц֮
ĹҽʮֵȤܹоͲԴǺܸ˵ġ
ҽԺٶΪ׼һоң̸ֽȥ
½ҲԴСķоңȥ׷Щǵ١
ʱʱȥ̸ڵҽԺĸ߿Ƽ豸Ѿѧʹá
ûż߿Ƽ豸ŵ㣬豸ԱȽϿٶȷ˲кеķӣӶȷ˺ʡ
()оó˲ٵҩһһԡ
Сʱ󣬳ɹоһҩ㡣
һæҩ㣬ȻȥֵСϣܹɢ֮ǰɢ
ζ˲ԤȾԴѾȾԴ˻ܽųһ밾ҩָܻɹЦ˵
ҲͲһĽģٶȿƲԴǵżƻóѡ
̸һϲ̫ˣͿʼ
ûв׾ҩķһһ̸ˣҽԺĴ󲿷ҽҩʦҲһ
ܿһƬƬҩ㱻͵ǵĸϡ
ԭкܶ˾õһܿƲԴ쿪
ȴΪսǿ£Щ˷Ҳûá
һЩ˻ڽ֣رһЩиȾԴļսŵĽʿҲһȥˡ
Ȼ֮ҲǱŭ
ɺܿͱˣҩ㲻ܹãЧǳ죬Щɢ֮ǰɢĲԴɢ
ΪЧãкܶȥΧҩ㣬ҪĶš
Щֵһ첻ѣҲǿܱˣ׷׳սŵ˵ǸϿһӶǸϵĸл˺ܶ˵
Ĺҽٴα˳ȥҶֻһָо̫ˣ
׼ȥ翴Ϳ˸࣬Ҳһһţʲô˵
()

1173.1173 Ů˻а

1173 Ů˻а
ٶΪǽ⣬õս˧Ǹ߲ļϿɡ
ҽ̫лˣ
ǵ߲վҪûİ֪λˣҴϵˣʾֿл⡣
Цŷ˶Էһѣܶˣһҽҵְ𡣡
ߴһĿǵһ߱ǵŵҲõϢ
ĽĶȫˣôģǺ˵ġ
ˮԴĶػͷŵĲɶǵооòŪģԭڱĶǺú£˭֪Ȼʦôȫƽˡ
ͶŵǵļƻҲִС
ҪԲֵܹز
νĹҽôɫ()żɡ
·ŵһ̾˿ȷʵսŵԿ֮ģһʱ䶼
Ҫǣҽ⣬һЩ˼ֶΡ
˶ټ˵˵֮ǰΪս࣬ΣշţŵǵϮʧܡ
ѰʮͶڸĲԴ̣Ҳòݱ֯СҵģŮ˸оаš
ô(qng)ϢȻܹ㣬(qng)ƿˡ
󺺵ûл˵Ļóռ(qng)ľӢ
ü˵˵ĶԣŮ˻аš
ϴζԭܽɱˣŮðƻǵļƻ¶ࡣ
һƻǰźõļƻֱɶ񣡡
ΪĲκϣǽӶļƻǳʧˣüûִܹ۵ЩԽܡ
ӳô죿ָ𣿡ʡ
۾ƻôҪļƻŮааţٻˡ
һ㶣̧ڲϱȻ£ӳ˼ǣ˷ɱ
󺺵ͷȥŰɣȥ϶Ǹ̸Ǻ˾ķɴһսγʮףʮaܻףҾͲŪ
ǾаţԲᶯôǿĻȥԸ
ǣȥţӲûᷴҲòɵ׳ȥǺŮ()ϱܶࡣ
()

1174.1174 

1174 
겡ԴѾϣ֮˲٣̸ͬĽ飬ھƵϢһ
ս˧İȫӣرؾƵ걣
ϴ裬׼ȥ˯һ
žͼս˧½վſڡ
ս˧ֱǸЦſڣҽʵڲ˼ô˻㣬е(qng)Ҫٰæ
ŵλóλ
ºֱ(r)ȵ˹ȥ
ڿȵƷ˶(ͦͦ)ϲȵġ
ս˧ûкȹȣ׷һڣƷζҵһκȡ
Ц˵ǿȣԼֵģֻڸвá
ս˧ֺһڣüģҿҪˣ쾫һֱźۡ
½ҲٴκһڣҽóĶ
Цϲͺãôˣʲô£
ս˧ַ£ſȱżɽ˵ҽ֮ǰʹһֶҵ˲ԴҾ룬ܲƵķѰǵڵĵطأ
صıȽڻûѲ鵽Ǽʹţһ䡣
˴Σս˧޲ǵŵˣڳץȥź
Щ⣬û뵽ΪԼ
˵ʹֶǰģ˵ҪԷϢʹùĶͨζȥѰҡ
ҪʲôûУҲû취æͨ鲻ƾվѰҵģҲ̫ˡ
ս˧ȻԤϵܻʧܣô˵Щʧ
ûϵҲôһ롣ܿ͵̬ҪֱӾѰңҲ̫ţˣ̲סɵҪǰġ
½ͻȻ̧ͷҪùĶﵹһĿùذףϴҺʱġ
ԵһǵҲܷУҪܰæҵģжǿԡ
ֻǵȷ˻ϲá䡣
½绰ذ͹ȻƬǵһǵһӢСӵĶӳʮֵ׶ɱǰ޹֮˵ɱ¼
ҲǵǵļأǰֹҾεļƻӦƶġ
ɫżź˱ֵģȴʮֵĽƻҺֹüΣɶǳɹˡΣշܼʱץã֪޹֮ˡ
()

1175.1175 û

1175 û
߼սŶԽǵΪĿ꣬ҪǶԷ(qng)̫ײкͺ޹˼ɣԸϵˣ˼в
½ҲǷǳʹǵŵģرΪ׵ĵһǵš
ʾ⣬ĻȷʵȥΪã
ƻ˶ԷشƻΪԷŹԼþˡ
()խȴܼǳ𣬶ԷɱԼԹͽˣնԷײе磬ԹҲǲˡ
¶Էһ԰Ѱҵġ
лҽˣ½ս˧¶Цݡ
ܿ죬½ذ˹òݱ֯СˣȻľϵܺͨ顣
ܿ˾ǻһ㣬ذ״չȥϸţ̨̽Ѱһת()ָָһ
ЦŶս˧˵˻ϣҵ
ҪҺһȥ𣿡ʡ
ս˧˵û£ǹȥУҪץӳҽһ󹦡
ſܻ˳ʱȷԷ϶ˣԸץסԷȥðա
½Ҳǲ뷨ҽҲˣھƵϢǸȥͺã
ҲǿãǸҵԤףǳɹ
㼪ԣս˧˽һں뿪˷䡣
еЩƣ룬()Ͽ˻˯ˡ
ҹһӴصڣͻȻ۾
ɫƽȾ˿⣬Ȼʧˣǵŵȷʵܽƻ
СѾʧЧ˴Ϣ
ڶ죬̸һͣȥǼʺվ׼ɴǡ
Ǻսһ˾ͼ½ʮսװ˹
ҽҷս˧˱ǷЦ˵
ûоܾðǾ鷳½սˣ
̸˲½(qng)˭֪Ҫ()
һͶõķɴս߻Сսβ汣
½ûսϣǸ˷ɴ
߽º½ס˵λϡ
Щεĵ˵ǵץжʧˣȻץһЩǵԱȴӳˡ
ѣ˽º͵ڵĳƺͬ
Ҷ˽⣬ܽƻײУʮֵļǳԸһܻԴϮҷɴ
ĬƬ̧ͷЦЦްɣûᣡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~⼸춼Ҫȥ׵ĵΣԸ¶ϣܾ~~
()

1176.1176 

1176 
ɢĿαϣһƿ嫵ǿա
ģɾȫѾɢڷɴеǧﷶΧ֮ڡ
Ҳˣռ䷨ųߵģȴкܸߵļӳ֡
еʶתΪ˾ֻҲûз֮һֱԴʯӳ̣ľϵܺͿռȺѾ˾ż
ֻҲ½˾żߵС
ɴԶǵķΧСʱһںƵˣ
½Ķ棬ͬһƱȾƣ⻰㶣ʲôˣ
ŵ¶һаЦݣҪɱǵ˰
һǵŵˣ½ɫ˱վ()ȷ𣿡
ǱȽŵġ
΢΢һЦȷףǰʮܸ߼ܻԼڷɴٷҵĵط
ô̽鵽ģ½ôϸжϣ̲ס˾
˶û㱨˵״Ųû̽⵽ĻףȻܷ֣
Ӧ˵̽鵽İ
Ҫң͸Ͽȥ׼ɡ
½һЩľôߣЦŵͷȻģ
ԥʼðбսʱû׼
ξȻʮôĻЩ鷳½겻ɵüͷ
ʮˣʻaܻףսжʮˣҲͬĻףȴûһס
ͬ׵ĶսУ׽ںܴơ
֮ǰս˧²һǵſܲŹȴû뵽Էô̡
˻ξƱ侲Ȼ˵鷳Ҳǲܽ
һԸʮףʣµĶʮܸ߼ܻ׾ͽˡԷӾ˾ҪأȻֿ
ʲôطʵΪʵлȨ
Ȼս˧ҪôͶչ¶һЩʵɣڽĽǢ
վŹʦټսҽԺҲһˣô͵
½ɴ۾ʲôʮ׶ˣ𣡡
УεҪİȫúõĴڷɴϣս(qng)ǻȥҡҡͷ
()

1177.1177 ֻ಻

1177 ֻ಻
֪½θǿҲǺģҪ˱
㲻ң̧ʡ
½۾ɵø󣬡ⲻ಻ŵ⣬Ȼʻ׵ǿԸһܻԣǿʮװ
ʣаսǻ𣿡
½һҭʵ˵ܡ
ѾԮˣһһ˼ʻ׳ȥסǣ÷ɴʻİȫΪһĿꡣޱȵ˵
ȫҲһǵɱ˻ץס
ļᶨɫЩݣܵȵԮ׼֣ܳǿġ
ֲɵɲ
һУҲɴȴа취ǻʮףֻ಻ˡ
ҲֻܶһЩƲܷתˣʮ׺Ͷʮܻ治½ܷġ
Ȼŵģ֪Ϊʲô½Ҳһ˵ģãֻҪ㲻ɴС
㣬ҪôϣͨѶǡݸһͨѶ
ӹͷ˵㻹벻ջ񡣡
½Цһϣɣ
ֿ̧˿ʱ䣬ȥ׼ˣ
ã֪ѾӽԷΧ
½ת()뿪ս׼¸̸֪ˣǺúõĴڷɴϣǻñ
̸Ҳµһǵſܻᱨ˶侲ãǲϺȵġ
ȴ޷򾲣ʲôǵŰΧҪǣǵĻΣǻ᲻Σգ
ǸģôܷΣأ
˵ͻȻ˷ʮܻףɴΧס
ǰҳֵĻףɴϵɫ䡣
ʲôȻôףô찡һҽ
Ҳ׷׽׵ǿɶġ
˵ֻ½ʮսʿʮ˼ʻ߼ܻҲȻġ
ҳһţ½üǳ⣬ˣǻᱣǵģúôڷɴϡ
()ѱˣôǣ
ɭ˳һǳҽģҪȥɣҲͲñˣ
ҽŵˣҽԺһˣ֪ϵҪҲһˡ
ԭҪһ鷳ģȴû뵽Ů˷Ǵ鷳Ҳڲѡ
֪ǵҽԺסٵˡ
()

1178.1178 

1178 
ɭ⻰һЩɴҽͬ
Ǻ죬ҪǵһǵǳģƾʲôҪΪ᣿
ǰҽȥǾܰȫˡ
Щ׿϶ǳҽģ˭ƻǵļƻԵһǵƽĺ磬ǿ϶ŹġȻı䲻ˣǾͽҽȥɡ
ǰҲֻ취ˣ
̸Щ˵Ļɫ̲࣬סһֿڣǵĹ(ƨp)
ƻǵļƻΪʲôΪЩ޹ľǾȻ˵ֻǻûģ
˵ĿЩɭȴֱ׳˵ҪڿǰѵΪһһ𣿡
ôǿɻأǲ㣡ҪܽȥǲܰȫȥҲܱˡ
һŭӣˣƻǵŵļƻɲֻҽҲæˣ˭ܲˣڧ취Ӧԡ
ȻҲ֪Ǳˣԭ˵ҲûʲôˣǲôûƷĽƳȥ
ʱм֪ҽͬ˵ԣҽûǲܽȥԺ˭ȥЩ޹ˡ
ǵ˼һˣҿɲɣɭһ
ŵɴ۾һŵתͷһۣȻһ˹ȥ
վ潫ε½һɫǱ˵Ϊã
˵ŭǽȥΣ
žƱĿЩԭΪҽӦû½Լȥû뵽мǷǵġ
ο˼ֶ֣ĺ
½ĿɨɨղŸŻɭļҽҲӰֵ㣬ȱǣ
㣬ôô˵ˣҪȥսͶ㣡һҽ˵
½úǆ£һ񣬽ŸҽҲˡ
ҲҰʱѧģûҪǽ
ϵ˼״ЩҲֱ̫ˣûЩ˵Ҳá
ȫ뿪ɴʻ׷½ת()ʮ˷Ը
ǣʮ񣬸½ߵſڣһ˻״˳ȥ
βں汣սϣҲɳ˶ʮܻףԵһǵŵĻγ˷ΧȦ
ʱһС͸߼ɴǰ˹ӡһܴĵһű־
()

1179.1179 ȫǺְ

1179 ȫǺְ
ɴϣ˫()Ĵ󺺣һ()Ŀ⡣
һڵ½򣬽Ҿͷ뿪
ȫ
ȻŹǣҪȿټ½ˡ
ʮaܻ׻СҲˣϲŪڹ֮С
ɴϵѾ֪ǳģػ½ĿҲʹﵽˡ
ȻҪʧˣ뵽ЩѾˡ
½ЦˣҪսսǾҲύҽġ
ҪΪһСҽ᣿()ӡ
ǵְ𣬶ǽôΣ()ݽթ̹ˡҾ㽻ҽܷŹǣʲôЦԲġ½⻰Ҳ˵ϵģҲʵ
㵹˽ңȻ̸£ôǾɣҲ֪Էύˣļƻʧˣʮŭ
ϣȫ𣡡ͨѶԻϵ˷Ը
ǣʮܻ½˵Ļ׿ʮ׻ʮֵǿ͡
ܿ죬ʮܻ׽ս½սӺԽ·硣
ߵǰشǰӿռóһѹ١
½սǿжԷ¶ֲɣ֮ɫҪˡ
ʣµļҲһĵĺ;ͨղĶԻЩ˲Źǵġ
ѵǾô𣿡
̸һûҲЭ
˿˵ôۣǲġ
̸֪вֶΣȴѶԷΧɱϣãЦҽͲðοˣ
ЦһûοǣȻǳģȻԴУǡ
Űɣ˵£޳˫ָ˼ҵ
ְѸղ½˹ٵԱߣϾ׼
ǹŵʱеĹ٣˲֪ȴܿӦһ
ҽҪʱ㻹(qng)һҽ̲סʡ
ЩˣʱȻ(qng)νĲԴУ
˵Ӱ½˵ķأȫǺְ
̸ЩҽҪΪ½սˣ
Цŵô𣿡
̸ģ֪˾Ҳ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣˣɣ
ǶҪˣôôɡ
ҲûⳡΣֻܽŵĿ棬ˡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1180.1180 ǿЦ

1180 ǿЦ
Ҳ֪˵ûãǿ϶޷ɹ
ľϴʹɹ߳ܶ࣬Ȼǵżʻ׵ܲͣӰ졣
һϼʻǵָ⿪ʼҡ
ͨܿ촫˳ȥһ˵Ĺζ
Ҫƽĺ֣ɴϵһúõ£ȴû͵˼
ȥ½ˣǵŵ˶£ʱȻ˵٣̫Īˡ
˵ǾĪԶս˧Ҳ¡
ӵ½Ԯս˧Ҳû뵽һǵžȻɳôϮҲɳһ֧׾Ӣսǰ֧Ԯ
Ҫʱ䣬ֻϣ½ܼ֣ϣȴЩã
ȥս϶Զ̼أǵսһֱڹעս֡
(qng)Ϻ⣬Ȼ½СӶǾӢɻ֮ЩսȫڱѹƵĵز
ҪֵԮ()С͹ۿսŸ߲㶼ɵýһ½ܼס
û뵽ڶԷףһܻⷽ׵Ĺؼʱ򣬴ǳķɴϣȻһӵйζ
һɫĪ˵˭ڷɴϵ٣ʱܳ٣治һĺã
ս˧ﻳԸͷɴϿ
ǣܿһؾͷ֮ӷɴشȥͼڸ١
Ȼս˧侲Ȼȫ()ɢһŷɣԭޱȵ(qng)Īķ˼֡
ҪʲôҪˣΪԼһУٲʡ
ǵһμôΣ(qng)£˵ȻŮӣɴϵҽɫͺܽźʧȫγ˺ܴķ
ս˧һ˵Ҳս֣
ҪǻҲ͸һ뷨ԴΪ׼ȷĿ࣬ķҵԴ;һˣҲܸıʲô
õս֣ǿЦ𣿡ʧЦҡͷȻš
Ҳͬ뷨
쿴½ս׺⣡ͻȻƽؿս(qng)
ս˧Ҳ׷׿˹ȥֻԭҪϮ½ףǳһȥ()ȥԴҲȫ()ˣĪĴ½Ļס
()

1181.1181 

1181 
⵱ȻǶԷ׼ʻԼˣӰߵġ
֮ǰͽСͨѶϣ߳ɹڵ½򣬹ǰףʮʱ޷Ӧ
½ŹԼһԭĪ((Ʊ))ɶԷǲͻȻˡ
⻰֪ʮ**ģҲ뵽ڵٵľٶԭ˼
бһžϲ֮ɫã
ȷʵaܻ׵()Ҫò٣ɼʻ׵˳⣬ʧֻ֮ҪжԷĻףҲܻġ
ԥʹǿĻǼܻᵹϮ
˾ͼԭ䲻ףʱһߣڶʮ֮ڣûһ˿Ͷܣֱӱ½ĻҺȻβð𻨣ֱֱ׹˺嫵ǿա
ڷɴϿŵҲһĲ⣬ʲôô£
ϵѵͻʲôˣôһ㶼½򹥻
Ҫ׼ʻҲ(qng)Ǿоˣһҽ̲ס
̸ֻһĻ󣬵һʱ뵽
ͷ˿ڵٵһĨ·һжƿеŻȺ󣬸ӵȷղŵ(qng)Բ⣬пġ
ҲͬʱľѣپȻӰ쵽ԷĻսʿҲ̫˰ɡ
ֻЩţǲģֻܼȥ֪ˡ
Ŀսϡ
һǵŵҷɴϣ󺺼Լһ׾ȻôһܣʱһıŭصĿ̨
ʲô⣿ֵͼ󶼷
ɫ()ޱȣͨѶԸȥΧ½һҪĻ׻
׶ǵһǵ˵Ҳޱģһܣ()ˣԵһʱֻҪ
ܿ죬Ǳߺս׷ɢܣ볯½Χȥ
һܣԷߡ
½磬ȹߵһܣͬʮʱ䡣
ȷʵйֻ֮ǿ֮ᱻ˵һ֣Ҳõʱޡ
½һļЦ˵ʮ㹻ˣ
()Ϊһḻսʻ((co)co)ػļҪǵŵĻսʿǿٵġ
ʻ׵˸()һ·ɵߵ׺棬ͬʼǿĻ
()

1182.1182 ̫̼ûУ

1182 ̫̼ûУ
ôĿɿڴһĻֳˡ
ֻԭ߷ɹȥҪ׼½ף֮ǰһܣͻȻĪһҡҡλ
½ץסῪʼ󣬰׵()ܣǵŵĻսʿȫǿԱܿġ
ȴûУ׾ҡ½Ļǿ
źһһ̻һһβѸ׹䡣
ʲôô£ôɰɣ
Էʻ׵ôˣɵˣ
⵽ôˣɴϵҽȫٴˡ
̸ѾȷˣԷ֮ԻʧȫĹ͡
ղͨͨѶ½򹥻ߵף˵а½ɹ
ڴʱٴοڣ½磬ѸٹұߵǼףֻжʮʱ䡣
˻δӦѸȥӰһϵĻսʿ
½˷ܲѣ̫̼ûУ
ǵһμʻܻôɵĻף(qng)Ҫ˵ȥҲŵģ漣ˡ
ãʻ׵ת()ұߵ׿
ϵǵҲ˲Ծԭ׼һʱʻܹ۲죬˭֪Ÿ˳ȥһ¾͸оӲܿƵĻ¡
½ĻĻϣѸٴǿܵûУֻĿԼĻױУȻǿ׹䡣
ﲻϵĻطţЩʻ׺ɨ磬ɱʱĴ̼û뵽Ȼôķʽ
½ٴλһܿȥ޻֮ףҲս˧˺ǵŵ˷˲Ծ
һϵĻսʿܻͻʧôܽսʿĴ
ˣ⵽ô£ͨ죬ȫǱŭġ
()ߵһǵʲô֣Դӷɴϵ֮ǵĻ׾ͳ⡣
½ӦôķǵףҲƺõһר(qng)ģӦȽϿ죬Ҳܴ
󺺴ʱҲӦˣԣɣһڸ
΢Զ̧֡
һǵɴϵ΢۾͵
۾ԶұǻװΧķɴžʹشǰڵٵ
ôŮôôаţ̲סֱӽе۾˵ϡ
()

1183.1183 ʵ֤ô

1183 ʵ֤ô
׾ôĪʧˣ󺺵Ѿ()ۣǵѪˡ
֮ǰڰʧףξǽˣȥҲܵͷ
ǵ̲סʣӳô죿𣿡
ŭȻҾͲǸŮܿƶס
ѶԸʣµȫȥΧ½һҪ
ʣµϵԥĵת()ȥΧ½
ǴʱҲ̫аˣֻܾн½Ļ׻ǲӮΣ
Ǽ࿴ս˧˶һĲš
ǵŷ⣬ȻҲˡ
۲˼˵ѵӰģҲδ̫˰ɣһЩš
ս˧ЦݣֶҲţʵ֤ô档
ôģٲʡ
վԱߵһͷҰ׵ӿڵûв´ӦýϣȻǵŵĻսʿ˶ݵ־Ӱ졣
λս˧ͳսŵľʦͷʮֵĴвǡ
ս˧ô˵ͷͬʮ**򵥶ɲӰ쵽սʿġ
ҲԿֻҽľҲܸ߰
Ұ׷ӵͷӦ˫ssľ
˲ŰôҪڵսսҽս˧¶Ҫ
һָżش󺰣ãȫΧ½սˣ
ս˧뿴ɫҲ΢΢һ䡣
սڵǿգ˿Χ½򶼷׷ױ
ֻĻȸ
һŵʮŻϵˣ˵𣿡ͨѶʡ
֮ǰɳȥʮսʿһʱظҽָ
Ҳɵ֮ǰͨѶͶӳ˵ǿɶˣҪǲ²Է׹ٺйأǾɵӡ
ãҵһ׺ʮ˵ľͼǿһ𹥻Ȼڶܣû׼ŹԷĻ״Ȼ˾ͱȥ
ǣʮ˶̲ס
½ҲΪ¶һĨɫǣǣ
ԷΧ½׼һף
ʮܻ˵Ļ׿𣬲κ⣬Էʱ䶼ûУһ¾ͱ
ٶȺܿ죬ֽߴָʮܻ׺ԥļ
ʮܻһǿһĴʱҲĽԼˣöԷδӦͱˣҲͷʼƺõġ
ֻԭҪΧ½ףȻô̵ʱ֮ڽ׹٣һɴ۾һֻԼǲǳֻþ뷨
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1184.1184 

1184 
ʮȫйۿ˶ЩԷӦ
ɫĮļ٣ͨѶ½˵ǻûзӦͷȥǶʮܻףȼлһ
aܻ޷ɹʻҲû׵Ҫߣһδˡ
½˻ڸղŵ˷У˵˲ţǶЩʵ
Ļһ¾ͻˣԥת()ͷܻ׼л
׶ܲסĹ˵ܻˣֻǰĻ׻׹ǿա
嵽ߣ
ûа˳ùΪ˲ЩܵĻᡣ
ǣ½˺ܿˡ
ʮܻ⣬֮ǰܻ׽ĻսʿҲ֣˵ȥ
˵ģҲĵ˻׹Ǵʱһ뵽˵
ͨѶսŻսʿҲӦ˹볯ԼĻ׿ʼҵĹ
Է½ôܻףǼܹһܣ׵Ʒ൱ǵ((co)co)ȴãԶ
ǵŵĻսʿǷӦҪܵʱѾˣֻĿԼĻױ׹ǿա
ʮӵʱ䲻ԭΧǷɴʮǵŻȫ
½սȴһܻ׶ûбҲǺ˵Ĵʤˡ
ʼ뿪ɴսȥǵŻʱһɶǱſܻľġ
ǶЩš
½˫ͨ죬ȫǼ˷ܵģӮˣǾȻӮˣ
֪(qng)ȶѵҪǵҷɴˣɾǵջء
½̧ţ԰ǵŵķɴ
˫գһǸ˵ˣ
ֵǣȥΧǵķɴץλǵžӢӳʮķԸ
ǣץǸ˵սŵսʿ¸߰
˵˲ٿ֮ǰļν֣ǵֵ˲٣ڿԱ
ܿ죬½˵Ļ״˷ɹȥ˲佫׼ʻķɴ½ء
ɴϣͬ˫Ŀͨ죬ŭͲţôô
͵ĻսӰǰÿγȥǹɱߺսŶԵʱԱȽϴƻʤİ
()

1185.1185 ǽ

1185 ǽ
γԼӢСлףҲˣǾΪԼһʵžԵġ
ĽǽܣСӵĻȫ׹٣½ȴûˡ
ϴڲ˵ʱô죿վǵ̲סĵʡ
ѾʧлսʿʮܻװΧҪôܲص㡣
̲סͷ˻𣬡
й֮Ҳ侲ʹ÷ɴǿȻѸٽпռԾܣ
û˻սӣ޷ٺ½˿⣬Ǿֻˡ
²ȴѡɽڲûա
ֻҪӳȥٴλʱֻҪ½սȫ𣬻Ҫץȥµȫȥ̣һ飬ͷ֮ޡ
ҪԴ𣿡ǵʡ
ôĻףҪ·õǲˡ
ĵѪ˱۾ðɣüʻյ׼𣡡
ǣǵȥԸ
֪ϴȻƢײУȴʱʱܱǡ
֮ǰͽͷŴ͸ҷɴ֪ҪǽˣԻġ
ǾͲˡ
ܿ죬ɴչԴһչ¶
½״ԸãԴڣҷɢעܣ
û뵽ɴϾȻҲԴڣɱԴǿ̫ˣһСıУǵĻҲ׹ٵǡ
Էڣ½ѸܣΪԴںǿ֮λ׼ȷһܻױ𻵡
ֱֱĳǿ£½Ӧ죬ڵһʱ˹ȥץס˻ףʹ׹ٶȽ˺ܶࡣ
ĻսʿӦҲܿ죬Ѹ(to)Ϻշ״˳½ԼĻ
ϴ󣬷ɴԴڻ̫ǿˣǶסزˣһսʿͨѶﺰ
½Ҳ(qng)һĲʣҪǿȫһ
ֵΪ˶½طɴֻôô
ۼŷɴҪͻƻΧķ룬ʱ˿½ˣŷɴϺϵս˧˶òʺź
Ҳû취˭뵽ԷķɴϻԴڡ
֧䱸ɴϵľӢӳǵһǵŵĿĵˣϧ
żʾĻ棬Ұͷ̾˿
()

1186.1186 ٴηת

1186 ٴηת
ս˧Ҳ¶ź֮ɫ
ǰץĻǺϧˣ
˵ţͻȻ۾ɴ󣬡ʲôɴϵĻͣˣɴҲͣˣ
ôһ˵Ŀ˹ȥ
ǿսߣ½Ѿ׼ķأöԷܡ
ڷɴҪͻΧʱͻȻ𣬡ʮʱطɴʱ޷ٷκι
ܲͿʮķˣһ߸һ߶ͨѶ˵
ӳֵϣ͸˶Էķɴҵʻ((co)co)طɴˣӰߡ
Ϊ֮ǰĵľС֮Էɴкܸߵķ豸Ӱ켫ʱʮ롣
ܲܶ½ؾͿ½սӵˡ
Ļ½Ѫʮ룿ܣҪǲǣսҲˣ
ֵǣǣ
˵꣬һָӻ׷ɢһߴŻսӳŷɴ˹ȥžͼлŷɴı䡣
ֳַʮܻףŷɴԴڵλÿ䣬ʹ̱
ô͵ĺ£½˻ʮʱ䣬׵÷ɴأ޷ٷκιṩеԴҲǻơ
ԷֻٷʮӣͻΪûԴ϶Զ׹䡣
(qng)½һ
׵򿪣ŷɴϵ˺ҪȷɴԴ׹٣ǳͶߣһ
֮ǰǱˣû뵽ٴηתĻᡣ
̫̫ţ((Ʊ))ˣС
ɴϣ󺺵Ҳٴ¶˲ŵȫǵķɴȻ((Ʊ))ͣôˡ
ôģһǸǸŮˣôģһȭȭųָ̂
ǷɴĹͻȻֹͣɴҲͣ£һͼʻյϵԷȫһ((Ʊ))ģ
ӿɲͺ֮ǰЩսʿһӦӰġ
Ƕû뵽ǸаŵŮ˲ֻܹӰսʿȻɴʻյ˶Ӱ졣
Ǹ벻ͨôġ
ֻս˧˲³˫ssľ󺺵Ҳһжϡ
ȫ޷⣬ôõӰģȻ˫ss˱ȽϡٺҲû˭ı¡
ȻôˣҲģİ󺺾ԼҪˣһ̡
()

1187.1187 ǲİ

1187 ǲİ
ɴϵǵҲͬһ뷨ǲİ
ƶôأ
ǵ˱۾ǲ½սӣֻ˲֪ĵϸʵ̫аˣ
˵ԷܷΪʤתȫǸаŮ˵ĹͣٺǸŮҲòϡ
֪ôģÿŭ֮󶼻侲ǺˣԭԲԹġ
ǵ̾˿˵ʲôҲûˣ
ӳô죿ʡ
󺺳ĬƬ̣˫ֽ͹𣬡ȥͶ
ɴϵԴѾƣǾԮҲȲˣҪǾôŷɴ׹Ǿʲôûˡ
ץսȥܵͷǵŵĺһ취Ǿȳȥģֻʱί¡
ЩƽײǵȻǱսŵľӢˡ
Ҷִ֧󺺵ǿɲͬɴһᣬӳģ
ǵ˵ӳڳȥǰǵý(qng)ܲȥر(qng)һҪȥ
ֻ֪ôһаŵŮ˴ڣҲܵһЩǵϾ̫ܣǶԷ̫
ôһ˵ҲӦ˹ԣҪ淴Ӧ
ӷɴϱ༭Ϣ֮ǰ¼սƵ˳ȥ
ʮҪٲѡǾֻжǵķɴжشˣ½ٴδ
ûлػֱ½ʱŴǵսͶ
½ʵѾԤϵǵѡ񣬱ЩɱʱһײǲҪһʵʾ̰ġ
ܿ˿һսʻŻԽ󺺵סӵսϹѺ
Ҳ֮ǰɴʮˣɻص˷ɴϡ
ս˧ˣתҲ𾪵һĿɿڴ
ҽľѾһֳ뻯ĵزս˧һҪҰͷ۾˵
ս˧һ½˳ɹץסˣЦǿ϶ģҽǸŰսʽһǵһμҶ̲ס˵֣ţ((Ʊ))
þʦ˵Ҳ¶Ҫսˡ
ɴϣ½˾ֱߵǰ
ͷֶ̧񣬽ҽ(qng)Ƕ㣬ҴҵսӸл㣡
֣ǲܻ˶ԷеĻףɹץסǵӢӣֵǵĽ϶Ǿһ
ǵʵæģһҪл
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1188.1188 ֻ

1188 ֻ
½()ŵʮҲͬĶ
ַһ½򣬡½̫ˣǵͻϮҲһ󲿷ǳģҾӦõġ
ҲʵҪû½ðȥסԷֻǽɴҪҲܣǱ˴֮໥ˡ
½(ͦͦ)ֱ()ЦŵǴ۽ˣ
ҽôܹӰǵŻսʿģַһǵһμֱ̫ˣ
˵֮־̫ðˣȻҪǲ˵Ļҽͱ˵ˣ
ЦЦûʲô˵ģ˫ssľǹҽһִУԽϹԸղþõˡ
ɹʲôģҲһɶ˹ҽϡ
½Ҳû룬;ùҽֱ̫ˣԭþɹôˣ
ЦֻҪܿƵñȽϸ΢Ҳпõ
½ʼ磬ûô
ٺٵЦЦֻ㣡
վһԵ̸ҲЦ˵ֻҲֻҽ
ΣǵŵľӢӱ½ץסϵҲһ
ҽֻҽ츳ҲҵĪ
ǰ˫ssľ츳ȥʲôҵٮٮߡ
ҽǲһˣ
һЦŹάʵҲġ
Ҫǻǣղŵ(qng)ƾֻɵ۵ķݣﻹһôѸٹ½սӷһƯϮ
ЦЦλˣ
ЩˣȻطϢ£ɫżֲ԰׵˵
ľĵЩˣҲ
½״ĵ˵ɫȥ̫ãȷʵҪúϢ£ҷԸţ˭㣡
ͷã
Ȼص˷ɴרŵϢң۾ֱ˯˹ȥ
½ŵϱεߵЩȫһţ˷ɴٷų
ƽϺȵˣҪΪ()ԭ򲻺ôã뽫˴ӷɴӳȥˡ
ηɴƽȵʻȫִǵǺ˾
ɴ½ʾ۾˯һ֮˶о˲١
̸һ˷ɴ½ȥǻǵӢӵ(qng)ȥˡ
()

1189.1189 

1189 
߳Ǻ˾Ĵţ̧ͷͼɢĿڲԶԱߡ
ȾһЦ⣬תͷ̸ˣҾͲһˣ
Ϸɴǰͷͨһλִʱ䣬û뵽һȻˡ
̸Цǿӣ£ԭλҽѰ
ɷʱߵԱߣǵĸ첲ǰѷ壡
λ̸ҽԷܡ
̸ֺ̧գãһᣡ
̸Цŵͷãܸ˼㣡
֮ǰûҪʲô˲ҽ˷֮󣬸оȷʵ(ͦͦ)ģĬһƵĸо
ʱһԷǾˣ̸ӻ֡
̸Цã
󣬷§һڣ㣡
Ҳ㣡
һԶģʽһ߿һ߽ʮָۣǻ(r)ӣǻ춼һ𡣡
ȻæµʵߵĶȱʧһġ
ͷļϣǰҪϿŬΣȻһˣ
ͷĶͷţ
ɫǺܺãȥǲǷʲôˣĵʡ
Ǻͷɴϵ(qng)˵һ飬ĵıȽڼָܻˣ
۲ѣץס֣һʱڼϢɡ
ţˣڼͽ㣡ҲоЩƣ
ȥ̸ˣͷʡ
ȥ˵һ˾ǿȥ˾ϰ࣬ˣ
年ȻǾ;ܾҵĺҪҸȥ˵ڶ˾̸ú˳ֱӽзͼֽӸǻԴʯ۵ĺãһЩֺ졣
ƲƲ죬һ˾еڣȥϰ࣬ʵ㽫רø˾ã
ִ˾ҪҺ͵ڶ˾̸ˣ˺֣ǻȨѹأЦһ
ĵʣûʲôΣգûʲôɣ
Һʹзûǵóѣڶ˾ĸ˳˵ͣǾûٶˡ
˵õģһᴦõģ
()

1190.1190 Ҫ

1190 Ҫ
ԼҷȻŵġ
Ȼһ˾ôڣҲ͵ˣҲ¡
ţ㣡
һ𣿡ʡ
ͷһģȥħƹ˾˵ؼһԷ
ţ³ٺóԵġЦе˵
ãҰ֣оǳ硣
ܰĿؼңһ߼սźǵҲѾյϢ
ΪսĵطǲԶڸǼصķΧ֮ڡ
ս˧սţ⼸սҲյһЩսӰķ
ԭս̫ĹעϾ(qng)ѾԤϵ
ȴΪķתս(qng)ӡ
ʮ׶ʮaܻףȻʮaܻ׻սһֻһܻףսʿ()ûֶԾ̾ԿԳƵ漣ˡ
ֻǵǼزǺϸֻܿµһЩ棬ʲôĶ벻ͨɵĽ׷׼Ӵ˹ע͵顣
Ըս˧˵绰ѯ(qng)ƿˡ
ЦҪսŵս˧֪ǲǾҪǽˣɲɵ
ԱȽϿٶȷϢһʱһʱ䣬ֻҪ˵ڵϽսҽԺսҽҲͲ˶ʲô˼ˡ
սŵĲ͹עھ򣬵һǵ˽̣Ͼд󺺴ȥսȫƵԼԼĲ䡣
һǵŷֲһŻ̬ϣ칫ĵطλãһɸ߿Ƽȫ²ϹĴá
Ļʱһͫӡ
ǰż߲㣬ִ̽󺺴սƵ⡣
һƢ𱬵ӵдôĴ򷢿ž
ʲôѾͷˣȥɡݺݵ˵
һͬĵԣҪǲ(qng)ȥǺܶ
Ѿͷ̫аˣһǵһ˵Ӱսʿģɱ˺ã
ԣѾͷֻƻǵĲɢƻʧʮ׺һӢսӣԲˡˣ
ֻҪҪƵȥ˿ûк³ġ
ڳĸ߲׷ױԼ˼ͳһҪ
Լͷ߽ͷηģ״̬þдһᲹһµģллͺͶƱ~
()

1191.1191 ûɣ

1191 ûɣ
Щ˴һ£ȴûǷ׷׿λһ֧ʵӡ
ӿȥȽᣬż֮УڳǵŸ߲ȴһֱϹϾ̬ȣٱ϶ܹ
٣㿴ǲǽֱӳȥһ߿ʡ
ѰƳһۣһΪѾȷѯҵˣ
⻰Ҷٸѹ
ڨڨЦ˵ôԽղҲֻˣѯء
λǵһǵ(i)СӣձߵǶԴȽСĽ
Ѱ̧ЦЦĿǣǵ˼ҵǾˣ
ǵȻڿǱֲĸˣֻҪںΧǶִеģȻҵλЩҲֱӾͷȨ
ٶµ̬ȣӦúһµģϾǶ˴˿ɲٻȥ
ѰĵתתеıʣҲΪӦöȡն׼ƻӦշ£Ϊ
ʲôڳ˶㶣ûɣپȻҪȥշ£ôĲһ
٣Ѿͷ̫аˣǵĴƻֹͣսżһӢСӣҪĻǵһǵŵڣƢ𱬵̲ס˵
ѰЦһѵǵˣ
ҪԶʤ֮Уʧܴ۶ܲˣˣ
վ()ɨɨڳˣ¾ôˣ߲ǹܣһȥš
˭ҪǸҵùͷӦ֪³ǿưԵƳչ
ڳĪĸоһѹһҲˬ˼㣬СҲ̫ˣ֮ǰȥΪһģ˭뵽ôǿơ
٣ǲеˣѰ·һ֮ǰֲüڡ
ͻȻһ֧ǹסĶͷѰЦչȥʣղž͹ˣأ
㣡￩һ¡
֮ǰ˵λСӴƣȫ()ȴǳݺͳš
֮ǰ󲻳Сж⣬ȴĸоˡ
ðһ亹ǣоóСӲֻǹָвҽˡ
()

1192.1192 ȥ

1192 ȥ
ڳǵŸ߲㶼û뵽ѰȻ(qng)һľͷ۲ѡ
鷳ˣβƽСӣôȫǿսһС
Ҹղŵľ֪ǻʲôɵĵط𣿡Ѱǵ뷨ֱֱĿʡ
һֲܱģľȻɣ
⻰ѰĽ͵ǹ֪ͺã
Ҿ(qng)κ˷ԣԺסһУ
һ߳Żſߣһ˵ڱֲʲôƻҲùǣû±ң
Ŵʧ˻
һߣղи˲١
۾ǹ(qng)Ҫء
֮ǰССӡ
û뵽ģȴ㣬˵İԵ⣬֪Ժ᲻ὫңֿսĹӸ磬ǵִģȴû취ܾ
Ҳֻ֪ǹ棬Ȩġºͳ˲ͷϵϸ
ȫǱѰסǸղСӶʹ˾ѹƣǳǿ
ĿֻҪǲҲǡһ˵
һǵȨûôף
òײųƿرֲĴȨôܷųȥ
˵ɲ߹ӵ֧ߣжС°ӾͲˡ
(qng)ǻ𣿡߲ʵʡ
˵ٶ˵ˣѵǻ()Υ
ڰɣ()ҲãûоڶȨˡ
ҲԣǾͲˣ˷׷׵ͷ
߳Ѱ()ıڼʣСүǻ᲻ᷴҪʲô𣿡
Ѱֲ嵽㶵ЩϲģԼȥţҳʰǡ
ζ˵ڶȤɱŨˣ
ȥǻɡֵĸоѪҺЩˡ
ЩϲģҪʰʱԡ
һѰɫ֪ˣֻεĿ첽ȥҲֳֻ֪ʲô(qng)
֪ԭΣɻˣҲ˶ˡ
ʱͷһһٷʢͳŴһ˳Է
()

1193.1193 ְֵ

1193 ְֵ()
ƾ߽ŵһϤζȾһůЦݡ
磬ˣ()ƾŵĹİӹȥš
ƾЦͷԣ
ΪƾӣΪʢ磬ˣ
ƾҲЦ诵ͷԣ
˵ദͷ岻ɵԵᣬȻǴ˸á
ƾϴ£԰ɣҺ˵£
ţ
һ˺ͺܰĳԾʰ
ƾȴȥȲģ
ȷ˹ºſʼ⡣
ȥǲ鵽˲ٶ
̧ͷʣǹڰ𣿡
ƾ׵Ѿֵ()ˣ
诶뿴һģ
ƾЦ˵ְֵļ(ͦͦ)ģһƼңҲƿصһҩ˾ļ塣
ֵıȻôţգգ۾ǰָ˵ĸоǸҺŹӡ
ַŹһ
Ƽ˭Ȩأǵϵ𣿡ʡ
ƾصƼҵļǵүүƹܵһҩ˾ǰְ֣ͬʱҲƬȽϳҩʦ
ǽƼҵ(qng)ְֻܵܺһá
ǵĶҺҵһ֧սţֻһս˧ӵһ֧ʵǰսš
ֻλΪս⣬»޷кӣ˹ӤС
ǵ忪ֹ˾ԼһȽ֪ݣڻǵ()
ǵĹùãڵһҩ˾ְܲã()ǸȽǿƵ()ӣûм޳ȥŮһŮ
Ҳǵ()()(i)ĺӣһŮƣȫڵһҩ˾ְ
°͵ոô˵ƼҺ񲢲ิӣ֮ǰҪĻƼҵ𣿡
ƾ豭һڣƼҵϵ֮ǰû˵ʲôԱ֮濴ȥǱȽϺġ
ŻһתүүĵܵһҲڵһҩ˾Ҫְӵв͵Ĺɷݡ
ְִصʮ꣬ȴһֱûкӣעкӣ˵Ǵţ˹ùüкӣԼδ֪⣬ƼҼһƼҵϵѪĺһûС
()

1194.1194 ֪᲻

1194 ֪᲻
ƾζĦ²豭
Ҳ鵽үүһ֧Ҫӷ̸ְֱֺͶ塣
ü뷨ǲǲڣûкӣҪǽǵĺӹ̸ְֺͶ壬ǲл̳еһҩ˾Ǹսˡ
壬λүүֹ˾ûȤ˵Ǵţgayпܽӵġ
˼Ҳʹţ֮ǰǮǵŶˣпܾνĶүү֧ˣ
ǻδҵϣֻҪǳȥأְһãһ̣ˡ
ƾͷĻӦþǣҲֱֻʣһǵų֡
ȻûȫҲܾͶ϶ǻҪȥȷϡ䡣
诶ͷţ϶ҪҪǸɵģҲܾôˣ
诽Ȳʣ磬ȥҰ𣿡
ƾҡҡͷûУ趼ǣǳȥˣ
Щʧ˼ûϵ𣿡
˵ÿǶȥرͨѶ豸һΣֻƼҵĵϵϵǡ
ƾ˶ټ˵ҲȷүүˣǴֵ̬ȣûȥס
ŻǵȰȺˣǵ˼˵
벹䣬ǻҲԶˣװƴģҲ鵽ÿһԳμӰ佱񡣡
ˣѾȷļŵܲãֵǶŵǰʮ
˵һҩ˾⣬ֻ߶˵ħƶƹ˾ͬʱһħƴʦ
ŰЦ˵Ҳ̫ˣ
Ҫ׻ȥǾ͸ߵĻȥԲκίԸƼҡ
诼ᶨĵͷǵȻģôǿɲܸǶ
ͷһۣżֿЦҲüˣĸôţ֪᲻ǡ
Ҳû뵽()ݻôһҩ˾ǿƬĹ˾֮һ
߶˵ħƶƹ˾ĸҲļţǵĲ໹Ǵ
ֹ˹һ£ҾǺбҪҲ˾ʲô
Ҳٸɽ󣬡Ҳôġ
ڵͳһս߲Уһĸɨسž鷳ˣ
()

1195.1195 ֻй

1195 ֻй
֪˰ְּ()ݺƾԼҵ˸ϸĹ滮ʹ㡣
ΪҪǲȥʵҼֵ
Ҳ˴㣬Ŀǰص㻹Ƿڿͻѧϰϡ
ͷҲ˲ٵ뷨׼ҪطúõĴչȭһ
죬Ϣڼңÿ춼ȥԼᣬһʳ
һϢʱҲˣӶǱ߽һǹȥ
ߺȥʦǱѧϰÿȥһĵ￴࣬ʱҩ裬Žͱ£ʮֵĳʵ
ֹ죬ڱԺΪҩĳݣͽӵս˧½ݷõͨѶ
Ŵ򿪣ЦŽӭ˽ȥ
ι˳ս˧½⣬һͷҰ׵ӡ
ҽͻȻݷã֪ûдŵ㣿ս˧һһЦ˵
ЦҽڼϢܻӭǹͣ
߽˸һ衣
ս˧˷ǹĵЦ֮ǰ½ս˵ľϴսˣںõ𣿡
ЦŻش𣬡Ѿȫָˣлս˧ģ
һᣬս˧˽Ļ⣬ҽϴ뱱սҽԺ(qng)㿼ǵˣ
ģֻҪսҽԺǽһҽƣȫȨҡҪʲôҪ͸Ҳᾡȫ㡣ĳ⡣
˵ҶսҽԺ(ͦͦ)ȤģԭҸóҽҪȥĿҿܻ᲻̫ϰߣȻս˧ôңҪһҽƣҾֻйˡ
Ҳ׼Լһսսҽ()(ͦͦ)ġ
ͬ⣬ս˧˿ͬʱҲܸˣ̫ˣӭҽ룡
£λսŵĸս˧ֻսŵľʦҲηֹսҽԺԺְԺ֮ϵܻȽ϶һЩ
սҽԺսһǳҪɲ֣˶ǽսɿ˹
Ц֣ҽܸʶ㣬ԺսҽԺʲô¶ң
ԺãҲܸʶ㣬ڹʲô鷳һһʱģ
ֺգ΢΢㶡
()ϸܵһɱȽ֮ǰΪܳȾһҰɫͷԭɵ
ǲģĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~ĸҾ1230-13ңôô~~
()

1196.1196 ǲǿҵˣ

1196 ǲǿҵˣ
֣о΢΢һ㶡
ͨΪ￴(qng)Цŵҽǲǿ()⣿
ͷоһ㣬һɺӦܻ֮ںִֵɵİɡ
ֵˣҽôͿҵ
ս˧м֪()(qng)ˣȻһʱͷ⣬̲ס˿ϣʣҽСĲ𣿡
˵ҲǲֻҪڵܿƵƽ⣬ͿԽ()ˡ
Цһֱڳԣ˲ٵҩҲԹȴ޷ƽã
ܷǿ󣬵׶ȴģЩܲܣᶯá
ȥҲǸ취һһռ()Ҳľͷˡ
ܴĲ(qng)(ͦͦ)оȤģҩûãҪĵķԺܡ
ûƹֲ
ûñ̫ϣܵµģǲʧҲԣ֮Ҫ鷳ҽˣ
ԺͬˣЦЦ
սҽԺսҽԺܲǣҲҽ豸ȽҽԺ
ܲҽԺΪһǸ߼ҽרӴսŽʿģһͨҽϵͨĻǰ
Ѿڸ߼ҽ˹ҽƣʱˣҴȥҽԺ忴ʲôҪ
ͷã͹ȥϰɣ
һֹ˾һĿʦһֱڸȽæҲ˿ʱ䡣
̫ˣҽԺȱҽֶͨεҽ㣡ʾ˼Ļӭ
ллЦ
ʣҽߵǰ㰲ţԼȥأ
ҽôҪһŴһЩ¡
ص鷳ԺҰŰɣ߾ȥˡ
óս˧ĳ⣬ǰҲϸɸѡģܱäĿȥҺá
ã߻Ϊ㰲һѡ֮ҪǾòʣΪЦŵͷ
ţ鷳ˣ
ս˧һ뿪ˣͬʱһӴڽǡ
ˣ15~~
()

1197.1197 

1197 
ڶһ磬ҽԺǱڱſڵš
߳ȥͼһòº͵Ůվڳߡ
ҽãԺΪ㰲ŵܸ꣬Ϊ񣡡
Ѿµ()ݣЦź֣ãҲܸʶ㣬ϣǺ죡
Ϊ˳ţҽ룡
ЦЦ߽ãһ·š
ԼʮӺͣսҽԺ
³󣬶ʹ˸߼ҽ
ŸߵſڣʹżŰ״ӵҽ˹
ҽϺãӭսҽԺְЦк
ЦԺãлл
Ŷ()ļ˽ܣλ˵ҽǿϵĲԴæģ󽫵ҽƵҽƽԶཻ
()ļ˶սҽԺĸ߲㣬ҵΡ
һԺԭΪһ͵̫̫û뵽ȴôᣬҲ֪ҽǲԺ˵ô
λս˧ڵսҽԺģԺԴӭ׿˵ҲҪԴ
һ˷׷ЦźкԼ
Դȥ½Ĺҽƣһռһ¥пơסԺĵطʮֵȫ
һרŵ豸ңŵҲսҽԺȽ
˲֪ܲϣȴΪ׼ˣҲǱһֳ⡣
ҽ㿴ʲôҪҪ𣿡Цʡ
ǵĳѾܵԺǵİźܺãҺ⣬ʱûģ㡣
õģͷʣߵĹҽڻûаҽ㿴Ҫżһ𣿡
Ŀңٶҽ
˵һҲæҪҽԹҽȤģ԰Źѧϰ˳
԰˹ѧϰ¡
Ц԰Ҳ뽫ҽĻֻҪȤĶԹѧԣҪ츳¡
粢ûҽҪ䷢󵥿Լ̫СˣҲ׼ҽ̳ȥøѧϰգȻβ
û뵽ô󷽣˵˵Цŵͷû⣬ҽͰ˹ѧϰ
ĹҽӹɵģҪսҽԺһЩҽܹѧҽԺ˵Ǻܺõ(qng)
()

1198.1198 

1198 
֪ҽѧѧȻá
Ժʣѧϰҽص㻹Ҫ()Ȥǿ󲻵ã
ҪսҽҽԺҽûȤǿԵмȤѧͽ
˼ҪѯѧϰҽȤû˼
ԭ׼Լţô˵ҲıˣãһѯǸԸġ
̸֮ʹ뿪ˣԼİ칫ҡ
ҽƽսҽԺ׼ٿҵ
ڰ칫û£սҽԺϣΪͨҽԺĲȨޣҽԺϲ鿴֢Ĳ
()ͶҽȤ㿪һϡ
ͶһҽԺĲԷҽԺͲ˵ĲǷֿģûǮڸζ(ͦͦ)ġ
ʳĻ߶ˣҶʳ׷ҲȽϸߣӪƽæûʱˣսųĽʿŻʳá
ڵʳҪҪҲ⼸ֲ()ʵǸϲԵĲˡ
ҲûжҪٿƷӹϲԣ·϶
ȻһЩԴʯȴǳ֮ƣö׬ǮȡԴܵȼǡ
극һЩչ㡣
ҽԺҽİŻǱȽ()ģÿ˶һ䲼ܰʩȫ(to)䣬ƽϢ
˯һȥ칫ң׼
ʱߵſš
̧ͷվ()
߽ҽҽԺѯһ飬ҽԹҽȤҾʹǹ㿴ҪǺʾ£
λҽԺοƵպҽȽ()һȥȽϺƢӡ
ֽŽһͨȴһ׺ŮӣҽҲҽԺʵϰҽСޡ
һŽ˿۾òӣǸյҽԺƵʵϰҽѰ
ǶԹҽȽȤҾǰվˣЩεЦЦ
翪һᣬѯҽԺҽЩ˶ԹҽûȤвٴżɣѧϰˡ
ϣǿ˹ҲûǿֶΡ
ҽԸѡ֪ǲԹҽȤȴ֪Ϊ()ӱȽοƱһλҽƳ˹ܱȱǿ
()

1199.1199 һﲻ

1199 һﲻ
СҽʵϰҽҪˣοƵ(r)ӿ϶ùѡҲ
ѰǽմսԺʵϰҽ
ʱʵϰҽμˣû뵽λҽԹҽȤŶһҲõ뷨ͽ˴˹
ֻʱǾЩ˼
ľУ²µóԭȴ⡣
˵ҽ⣬ֻҽˣЩδӴҽźûȤġ
Ц˵ðӭӭ
ҽڹҽһʱ䣬Ǳ˴Ϥ£ҪǾúٶǸһ·
ҽº͵Ц˵ҵǶԹҽ(ͦͦ)Ȥģֻȴʲô֪᲻ҽĺȣ
οƾͲıԸǱ߹ĶǵڲϲֻͷΧֱƳȥ뿪
ԺûҽƣΪ̬ǽԴȤ
óλҽƢãҲԺΪƵģûӴҽһὫ֪Ľ̸ǣһŬŹҽƻõġ
ҽ֣ллҽΣһŬӦģ
˲࣬ȥӣλҽҲͣ(ͦͦ)ϲֻġ
СҲ֣ҽģһŬѧϰģϴҺȣ
Ҫǲҽƣ϶ҪοƵߣץסŬġ
Ѱû֣һĨŵЦݣҶԹҽܸȤҽָ㣡
׼ӴŮˣ˻ᣬľϲ
ȻԹҽȤģ׼ȽӴѧѧ
£շ˵еʱ档
ѰԷһְĸо¶ŴӹɢĹһ˵ΣոУҲΪһޣһﲻ򵥡
̧ͷЦ˵ཻѧϰҲϣϲϹҽ
ϸĿ˿ԷżĿ־ȻԷ(qng)
ֻ˵ֿܣһǶԷʲôܹһ֣Է˫ssľ()츳ܵȼ
ӶԷ()ʱûиܵ⣬ɫ䣬ûзֶԷĲ̬֮ͬ׺͵ĺ
ȴѰص㻭һʵȦȦ׼۲¡
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~֮״̬õ㣬Ҳд¸±~~
()

1200.1200 ЧȻܺ

1200 ЧȻܺ
ȷǺúѧȻ뿪ˡ
Ҳûٿһ(to)ҽƷˡ
˽¹ҽţȻÿ춼ǽοʹҩġ
պ˶ûʲô׷ϸ߷ơ
ȷ֮սҽԺҲ¡صĽҽ˳ȥ
(qng)Ϊ㣬þտҽˮԴĶ˽ⶾҩҳ˺ĲԴ壬±
ֻսҽԺҪսҲ衣
ϾֻҪһ漰ǵʹͲƻ(qng)Ƕһʱܽġ
ÿζжԱսź߲ܽξһΣڶսźͱΡ
֣ܿڱʱˡ
ԭ(r)ѾȥҰ㣬ٴα˷(r)˺ܶ࣬õͶʷЦˣϧٲμӵڶڣ(r)ȺԻٱ
п(qng)Ҳ˳ܶ˶ȥ˲˽̳ǿǿֻ࣬Ҫҵˣȫˣúܶ˸о档
ǰѯ֮ͬŽϢѸٷ˳ȥЧȻܺá
ҽԺڿҵһŻݣսŵĽʿ⣬ͨҲԵҽƿҿҩһɼ롣
ܶʵôŹҽȫ(r)ֵģûãҩѼ룬ҽ
Ҳ˹ҽƿҵһ죬һٶǰ
öȸ˷˿ţС޵ǼǣʹպѰʼ
ڵһһȥЩձߣһĲɣ˥ϣŴ翴ȥҲƶ
º͵Цݣ˼ң
û뵽ҽ̬ôãǰȥһҽԺһΣҽͻʿ̬ȶܲ
ҽã˫۵̫ˣܰæ𣿡ʡ
Ҫ˫۵̫Ӱ˸ɻ˵ҽԺ쿴ܹһķãҲһŶˡ
ЦŵȻԣ鷳һֻ֣ҰѰ()(qng)
һֻ֣ȥ˰ѣȻպѰҲθ֪(qng)жϲ(qng)
ˣſ˵˼ңһֱȽصķʪؽڲÿͻۣر֮ء
㲻ֻۣҲŤûκãʱҲʹصʱվ()ѡ
()

1201.1201 

1201 
û뵽λҽܿղſû˵ء
͵ͷҽ̫ˣҵȷʵҲ⣬˶ˣվѡ
𣿡̲סʡ
ͷΣǴ⣬˫ȵķʪؽʹÿҩٰһͿԡ
Ҳ򵥣һ룬ȻΪһרԻָĸҩʮȬˡ
ϵļ֮ɫŨܻܲʹĻƱȽ϶಻붪£û뵽Ȼκá
漴뵽һ⣬ЩȵʣҽƷѸҼ(qng)ǺܺãҪҩ̫Ļ𡣡
ϴȥһҽԺµĻܵǮҲ΢ʹҪκȺ֪ҪǮˡ
ºͣЦŰ㲻õģҸõҩֻ֣ͨ󡣼ϽҽԺмŻݣƷҽҲȫѵģҪѵǮᳬǧǱҡ
׬˲٣ҴϵҪԼ()ҲƣԽóһϵȼá
ʱڹҽƳһרŵĻ𣬶ʵƶ𲡵˽оҽҩѽм⡣
㶣ĲᳬǧǱң
ϴûκãûҩŪŪǧǱңξȻǧҾȻû
ͷǵģҪǳǧǱңң
ҽβҩҽԺǱȽȫģʹ¿ĳۼ۸
̫ˣ̫лҽˣ߼ͨ졣
Цվ()˵˼ȱлңĲȬٸлҲ٣
ԱߵңΪģȻȥԱߵҩԡݽţȥͲˡ
úã߼æϡ
պѰҲ߽ʦһ㶼·()롣
һһ߻ΪϸĽ(Ѩxu)λԼΪʲôҪЩطͨ뻺Ʋ(qng)
˶ĺ棬ǰͱҪ(Ѩxu)λȫסҲڻͨˡ
СޣҽĲûʲô츳Ծͱص㰲ҽ(qng)ˡ
ʱ䣬ֳȥΪڶ˿
ʱ䵽С޴ȥݽţҩ߶п棬ܿóˡ
Ҳż˹(qng)¶ͺ֮ɫ
15~~
()

1202.1202 

1202 
ĵȼֱȽأǵһ()ݣܶΪ߹ҽǲӴģΪ俴̬Ҳá
Ҫƽ߼ҽҲǲͨ˿ģ֮Զ˿ţҪΪƶҽƵȫҪġ
()ʵǹƽ޲ĶԴ硣
ȥݽţΪ˿
ĿĿҩܸ㶨ҪģΪ˶࣬ҽƵȴȽ٣˺ܿæˡ
ܿʮҽʦͻʿæڶİ£ž
Լ˰СʱŵŻȥݽŵҩҩ˳
ǹģŶӿ˶ܿ
֮ǰߵһܶҲע⵽ˣű·ܼѣʮֵĻһв
ֱ߳˼ֲ˵·ҲټѻһС
ڴʱǰ(r)ӯĶϹҽ֮꣬ҵ˫·Ȼôˣҽ
æ()סߣ˼ҲôұҽΪβӦõġ
㲻Ҫֻ̫࣬Ҫֽҩ꣬ҩָܻˡº͵ЦŲ䡣
úãҽҩ̫ˣһģ߼֡
ҩֻЧãرˣŻһǧǱң׾ݵһ
ҪԺһ߼ˣһ𣿡ŵʡ
һλҽЩƶߵﶼᱻóĽƽȶԴû˿
֮ҽôԺҲֻ
Ц˵Ȼԣҽƽ˿žҽֻ֮Ӧûÿ쿴ʱǰԤԼҺžУҲðܡ
úãͺãҽ̫ˣǲĵͷ
Цĸ첲˼ߣ
ΪϸĿû취̫ˣץʱС
߳ҾͱΧ
ͷĺˣ˰Űɵʡ
ֱ׳˵ǵȻˣҲʱ˿·ߵģҽĺҩ·졣
ҽҽǲŵĻԼ˲֪ˣʮֵƳ硣
Ȼô񣿡
ͷϷһǿ˾֪ˣҪô棬ǽˣ
()

1203.1203 ǷƤӵΪ

1203 ǷƤӵΪ
й壬ƽҲƶ
ԺռıǶǳսҽԺԼҩѼġ
(r)ֵģߵĲεôãҲ˼ҽĳġ
Ȼ˲Դƶ̬ôºͣ()ΪȻҲϣҽ׺͵㡣
û˴ֵ˵
ٶȲһҲֻʮˣҪʮ˶ġ
ԷϢһСʱټ
ҲȥԼԷŹҽƵȥ˲
ŹҽƵЦ˵û뵽˻ô࣬ˣ
պЦأֻҪģҪǣҵǾúܳʵ
ԭֻǶԹҽһСȤǺ浼µġ
Ӵ˹ҽϽʮˣҲ˹ҽ֮ǿɱĻ׼ȷƵķʺͨˡ
Ҳ˷ĵϲϣ׼úѧ
ʲô()ݵˣﶼֻһˣӲᵡҽͻ߱һ˵ء
ֻǲŽӴô죬ͱƷ۷ˡ
С޵ҲȽϲҽƵķΧҽҽϲҴţʲôش𣬶Ϊ˿ףҵҽô߰(i)ǻǺϲҽƵķΧ
ǰæŴǹҽأҽģԵ㣡ûʲôӣС޵ҲͱȽϷŵÿ
ðҽԵ㣬Цŵͷ
̧ͷͼڶѰŽо棬ҲԵ㣬绹еæأҪӰൽˡ
ŶӵĲˣ׼ȫ꣬ŶӵģѾ
ѰŽĵ˵룬ĽܹˣǲҲɱأ
ΪѧϰҽԺΪģһģһĽ룬պÿ˷һ(to)
ڳ˳˳ǣԷԵúúõģλҽж벻Ȼ⡣
ȴ⣬˵̷ǳߣ˫ss̵Ķֻ˵һܼסõʵУĻҽ϶кܸߵ츳׵ҽ֡
Ƕദӣȴܸоõӹɢ͵Įɱʲô治ʲô
ȻܣζĿЦЦʵ˺ɱ˲ϣҪһ֮䡣
֪Ѱҽǲ⣬һܾûǽʱƤӵΪãȻδ֪Σա
ѰЦһ̧Ʊϵ۾ҽ˵елһ̽£
󷽵ЦЦð
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1204.1204 ôôóԣ

1204 ôôóԣ
緹֮ŹҽƵ˻ȥ
ֱϾŵŽһٶȫ꣬ĻҩԡĶˣʣµľҩ
պȻѧϰĽȻ(ͦͦ)ֻڻͨѰǲ˺ܶࡣ
ϵҩȫѰæõġ
úúһ飬һζûг
ԭҪҪ̵ˣȴ϶뷨ôõͶðײá
ѰȫǾ˵ҽģҪ˵Ļܺ˫ss츳Ǿ׾ٵģ˽˵ûʲôӰ죬ɲ١
̫æˣһҲûȥԷʰѾʮ㣬ĳʦҲ°ˡ
ЦŴ˵Ӧö˰ɣҪһȥҸըԡ
ҲЩˣæ³¡
պЦʣҽ
ͷţ(ͦͦ)ϲյġ
Ѱû뵽ԵģζܲôȴҲ˼Ȥеˣ鷳ҽˣ
ô˵ԭ˼鷳Ҳûоܾ
һȥ˲ܲ˸ղžͽӵ˵绰Ž˳
ʹŲٵʳģҽҪʲôʹã֪Ժӣʮֿ
Цõģлˣ
ҽˣ
ȡ()ͿʼըħﴢŻƶóͿãܿһ()˵ζӳƮ˳ȥ
ԭϣֻӵĵŵ˶׷ʿˮ㰡
̲סĪڴ
潫ߦһϸͬ
һú󣬷ϳƵը溰һ˰æ˳ȥ
ˣζöӶĺü˷׷߽档
ÿһﶼûм߲ˣ滹һ˴ߵ()
Զ˳ȥˣһŪ˵
ϣ̽õ˳ȥÿ˷һ롣
žѧģϺȣ
˲ըζžʮ⣬ζٷ·˲䱻ϴһ飬ôôóԣ
ʱұӾͶĳշǳ߳ըڳǾ˼ζ
һóԵᶼðˣͷԶû˵
ԭЩ޵Ѱ״Ҳɵýõһ͵¶һ˿еĹʡ
()

1205.1205 ǲ̫Ծˣ

1205 ǲ̫Ծˣ
Ѱ()ΪǵͳܳСӣ򳬹ǣԹʳ()Ǹʮ޵ˡ
ԭνը沢ûбκϣֻǺҽȻˡ
ɵ˵һҲûס֪оȻһȫˣδĸо
ҿ϶ԼСԹóԵ
ھƬµӴһֺ˼˿Ů˿Ļ(ͦͦ)ġ
ԭ׼ѧľͽ̯ƣ£շҪͬ⣬ֻǿӲֶδ
̧۾еȥȴıˣ׼()һʱ䡣
ҽ̫óˣ
ǰԹҽ̫ˣ
ҽ㲻ֻҽҲô˭Ȣ㣬˭ҸһӰ
ڳһЦŶ޲
Բ˽ι̣һٶ˼ǲͬĲȴȫƣܶ໼ߵƺ˺ܴĸƣҽԺҽġ
ǣҽֻҽãվȻôƢ()ҲرãóϷ
ҲǶͻȻðĹҽһĪģʮ֮ǰҽʦͻʿԭﻹЩ⣬һȴ
Цлл佱ϲͺã
ҽԺ֪ûлٳԵըأδʡ
ôóԵ棬Ƕ塣
Ц԰Ҳֻը棬ٵĲˣԺʱͻǳԡ
̫ˣǵţһ˶ڴ
극ʹҸ߽ͣԼ
׼ʻͻȻѰ˽
Ŀǣ
ѰͷЦڹҽͻȻ뵽һ׵ĵ㣬ҽæ¡
Ҳŵûܲ鷳ҽңһסַ
üǲ̫ԾˣҿûôС
ѰЦӴкһΪҽᷢƢأԭ̶ôͰ
ŮԲ˺͹ҽƾһº͵ĺƢ˵ܹգӰôսʿˣôƲ硣
ãɲϲǸº͵ģ͸ʻޱȵġ
15~~
()

1206.1206 еƲ˰

1206 еƲ˰
ٹӽԼ˵ʲôҽвҪʣǸڰˡ
һ⣬һﱨסַȻסƬôͳھӣŲôɺϵ(qng)
ԭֻЩѰȴȷ˶ԷҽǳԼġ
ȻˣǾ棬Ҫˣʲô˳̽ʵ()ݣ˵()ӺһЩ¹ɣƿȫ֡
ɫ˵Ҳ˵ģҺΪʲôҪڹʱ󣬻ؼң
ѰЦݲ䣬ڲ죬Ժˡ
ΪҽҶùȡ(r)ִҽƵҲΪ˰Ḻ˵Ĺûʡ
Ƴһۣϰʱ̵Ѿˡ
ҵĿʱܱģûʱ˷ѣ³ɡ˵
ѰĵĿʱܱ𣿡
üʲôҿȥȱǱҵ𣿡
һǸ򰡣׻ǲأ
ѰЦеƲ˰ǻǱ㱦ʱ˭á
漴һת˵ʱ䣬ʲôһȽֵأ
˼ȤͷҾʲôеʲôһ
Ȼһеġͷ
ѰûҪԼ()ݣ֪ǴˣҪǲ()ݣ䲻Ȥˡ
°ͣsԴʯsĻϡϡҩϣħƲϣ𣿡
aĲϳ߼ۻȥлŪsͷǳߵõĴĬĶԴϸơ
ȻҪףͲˡ
ѰЩЩȻŶθڲС
ҵθ³˷ҵʱ䣡˵һ㶼һֶѰЩĿǡ
Ҫǻ˸Ѱǰ˵ֻѾŤ˶ԷĲӡ
˻ĪľúȤŮ˵ĵӻ
Сûκһ˸ô˵Ӷûн
Ůˣͨ˻ǺŹŮһҪ()ҪͻգҪͳ()ҪʸĻͷһ
뿴ԺŮҪ֪ʵ()ݺ󣬵ӻ᲻ôʣ߻᲻ЩŮһһڵ̬ȣ()ӭ
ϣɱʧǣ
()

1207.1207 򾹷ʵֵز

1207 򾹷ʵֵز
Ĳ˵Ѱûоģһ˵о档
Ҫ뷨֪ˣһᷭ۰һǶ߾
һ£ʱ仹ǹ𣿡
Ѱ񣬡㵨Ӻܴ󰡣
Ц㻹˵ˣҵܴ󡣡
УҾͺʱ䣡Ѱ˵һһӸһؼң죡
ץӴ򿪿˿ŲͬɫԲʯͷֻȽƯɢźǿ
ûмsʯȴһ۾Ϳжǡ
ﾪȲѣȻ϶˶ԷǸ򣬿ȴû뵽ʵֵز
￪ȥҲǶʮңʱͻsԴʯһǸܼӰ
Уļ۸УҾΪһ̰ɡϲû¶֮ɫһĵȻ·sԴʯǸͨһ
Ѱ˳ǣʲôгļ۸УʲôΪѣ
Ůǵ˱˻ԣ
ôģҪʲôʰɡ
Ѱ񣬶һϵ⣬Ҳȷʵ֮ǰЩһط
ûв׾ܿΪˣ˵ˡ
Ѱѧĺܿ죬ͶˣĻȤ
ǵȻˣɱΣ
Ѱ⾵Ƭµ˫ζŶҽ쵹ɱأ
ͷζʣԣ
Ѱ֪ΪʲôĪľ()е䣬ԼԾˣҶԼǱȽصġҪȥҼ棬̽ɱΣһʱѡ
ָָ̧ˣǱվŵļΣ
ˣ˲ֻ()䣬ӦǸķ֮ˣղҲֻ̽ˡ
Ҵɱ޹ԩ޳ˣ˵
ѰЦЦɱɱ˭һأ
һۣۻΧ֮ڣлл
ڰ۲ˣѰϹŵһż
𣿡ʡ
Ѱʼʵ˵
Ҳʼ磬ǵ۲ͬһϣɱⲻʺۡ
ҪڽԹ()ϲʾҿѰȻһƵҶĳЩִš
ͷɣ
ҪǽһǵЩϲɱ޹ҼҵǿԵʾ㿴˼һת˵
Ѱɫδ䣬۾ð
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1208.1208 ּ

1208 ּ
Ҳֻһ˵û뵽һȻ˵á
ͷżĪĿļٵģ
Ѱ̧̧°ͣҴ˵ѣ
㻹(ͦͦ)ģҿ˵һǵŵǵɱ˲գۺײеġ
ѰЦЦץƷѣС˼
һǵţʡ
ʵͷ԰ᣡ
Ϊʲôô᣿ǵˣ˵ȥƻǵļƻǵľӢսӼˡѰǲ˵
ü㲻֪ΪʲôҪƻǵļƻ𣿡
Ѱҡҡͷ֪
ʼעҪԴǵŴǸƵܹ((co)co)Ӱսʿ㣬ʮֵĸȤ
˵ҽܸһǵڱߵĲƻƻˣԹҽ˼Ȥ
ǰģ˫ss츳ֻһʦһҩʦ涾ʦҽˮƽսҽԺҽ
ŶǼįģ˷֮ʹܲ˱ֲҪǳģȨǸ
ֻǸƵȴûзϣϲϵӰ죬Ի治֪ΪʲôҪƻԴƻ
ЦΪҴûǹǣϴҲμҰ㣬Ҫɱң
һǳˣǶҪɱˣǻұ£
һҽȻ޹()ΪҽΣȻ޹ˣΪһƲԴƻȥôˡ
ܶԵһǵŲȡֶΪءҲ֪Ϊʲôܾһܺǵйϵ
֮ǰ²ѰƼˣ⼸ĽӴУһʮԸˣܱļ
ղǺӳsԴʯ˵ǿռ߾дƷ
ܹӵдƷ˺٣󸻺ܹ򵽣˵һ()ݾԺܲ򵥡
Ѱû뵽ȻɱͬĵͷȻҪƻˣұɱҿ϶ҲҪȥġ
Ҫ϶ĸܶࡣ
Ҫǵһǵţ˵⣬ּɡ
ó⻰Ƿ˵ģЩɻѵһﲻǵһǵŵģ
Ӧü𣿡ЦЦʡ
ѰüȻˣɱ()֮ôأ϶Ҫ𰡣
()

1209.1209 ֻҲһ

1209 ֻҲһ
ͻȻЩѰˡ
˼Ȥ°ѯ˵ôأ
ѰЦܼ򵥰ʲôƻƻ޷óѡ
ƻܺãҪǸ½һǵڱķֲȫˣǲ
ӦûôҲ°ͣҪ
ֻһսҽûԼҪ̽ǵļƻװ̾˿
ѰЦܼ̾٣ҪҰ˵
Ҳûб֮Σǹ̽һģҲ֤̺ܸߡ
Ըƻ(qng)Ǻġ
˵һǵԴսźԴĻ࣬רŵҩ졢ȸ߶ʵңԼaϵĲϡ
Ҫܹ˵ѵ㣬ҲͲԴˣ©ٸƶء
ﰡҲ(ͦͦ)ߵһǵŵ磬ҪбܹƻҾΪ̽ǵļƻ
ѰͻȻս˵ҪûǸ»ߺܿʧˣǵĺֹҲøۣ
ͷż⵭ĿԵһǵҲг𣿡
ѰͻȻ¶һ·ڻ˵ЦݣҲɣ
㿿()ֻصԭλ޳ǸżޣκŵҾýһǵų׻ؽܻȤ
ֻҲһˣ߹һĨĻȡ
ѧѧóѰ˵ĺ棬ĵʵ뷨
һӣԺʱ⼸֡
úҲзӵĺôء
;úִ̼ҪɱԼ϶Ϣ
˵һǵĴڣ˵ǴҪܹ(ͦͦ)ãؽʲô˵ɡ
̧ƵֻҪ棬Ҿ͸棡
ҲŻ󵨵ĸ棬ҪǻˣԻᱻѰĻ߾쿪ӳˡ
Ѱû뵽ȻͬˣǺһûǷӻв
ĵ׵ĪԭԼַ뷨ܱϿɣ
̧ƺһΪ
ͷЦȻһҪĿ꣬ҵʱ仹ǺܱģԺҪռãøѡ
ѰϵЦҪѵνҪһ𱨸Ļ飿Сôˡ
˵ҲḶģżҧгݵ˵
()

1210.1210 Ҳ̫ϧ

1210 Ҳ̫ϧ
Ѱ͵סıŻԼҡ
诺ƾڿȲ
ˣůЦ˵
ƾüҲȾЦ⣬е
߽ȥ¹Һã诵()ߣҽԺ̫æˣ˺ܶŪˡ
ʣԹҸ棿
ĳղãͳǿԵġ
ЦŲ˲㣬ҺͬҽԺԹˣ
ƾŲ豭ЦʣоΣҽԺϰ𣿡
ͷ(ͦͦ)õģһǱȽϲҽġ
ҽһ£鷳æһˡѰͻȻҽԺԼڳǵĴ¶Ի˵һ飬ֽsԴʯ˳
ϵԴʯƾɫܹôósԴʯˣ()ݿ϶򵥡
Ǳǳս˧Ĺӣô󷽡
Ҫһ𱨸һǵţ˵ܲǵһǵŵģҲпǵš
ȻҲпܰ㱨ֻһӣǽҪӴ㡣
֮Σհ
ƾ󣬿ʣȷҪôΣյ˺ղ˵ĻҾӦûһܷˡ
Ǵˣε˵Ҳû취Ȼųע㲻Ȩ
ôһֻ򣬲Ҳ̫ϧˣЦ
ƾ˵ҲǣܲȥȨ
ζҪСģ¾ͺ˵˽ȥ()ݡôһΣ()ߣǺܷģôҪȲԷźöԲߡ
ҽԺѰϺƬƾ磬ˡ
ãƾնϱ棬׼µõȥ顣
͸˻ᣬϢ˻ᣬնϷϢ硣
߽һҾȥƷ꣬ȥ¥ϵİ䡣
սžͱӵסȻ(r)һ
彫ϣͷļϣʵ籧㣡
Ȼǰٷ֮ʮŵͶӰʵ(i)˵ĸоʵ绹вġ
ʵĻЦܱˣ
ǣҪ
⼸ȥҽԺϰ໹Ӧɣָʡ
()

1211.1211 ˽

1211 ˽
ȻԵá
(ͦͦ)Ӧģȴһˡ
ڷ壬Ľһ룬ԲǽѰ(qng)˵һ顣
۾˿϶ǹӽģҲ֪ʵ()ʲô
׼ȥǸѰ()ݡ
Ѿøæȥʵ()ˣʲôˣҪӽûŵġ
˹ָ⣬Ҿͽһֻ򣬺úõһ׾У
ҪԵһǵűŽ串Ĵ㣬ʵҲ֮ܳġ˵
Ȼܲˬ˽ӽģȴҲԼ(i)ŮˣЩĵ˲κλᡣ
Ҫִ㣬Ҫжȷʵ԰һѡ
Цż˵֮ǰҺͽ齨һʲô߹˾ô˵ͻȻ뷨
̧ͷʣʲô뷨
ǵصĶרŶźǺɴ٣ɥĲȥɱǣʵҲԷ
ԵһǵŵԹɲ٣ҶŮ֣ҪñǱ׼
һ¾ҪʲôˣҲ뽨һǵţ
׼ȷ˵ǷǵţǵǾȥﷴǣҲΪ
Ц˵Ҫǲϵ׳Ҳܽһ֧ս
ƬԼ齨սŵģ˳ļս⣬Ĵ϶лСսš
֮ǰڿǣѧȽĿƼͻ׵ȼȥӸԴϿܸı䲻˵ͼв͵Ľ
ҪҲһ֧ǿս֧ţ(qng)ȫ෴
˵ҲϣܴһƬأȢ(i)Ů˻ȥĸ
Էʮ˽ģԼҪҵǺ£ҲǸͳһ֧սš
ð֧֣齨һ֧飬ԴȴǵſʼȻǮбһ׳սţټǵŸɡ
Ц˵ǵ˶Ǻģôܵġ
ƬܹսŵĻۺļ屳ԴԴϵṩսʺбԴ
ⷽȻȥûƣǵŵǴ⣬ھӪһЩ⣬սʷӭж⣬ܼ
صһڣ˽ҡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1212.1212 һ

1212 һ
δӶãֻȥѰҾͻˡ
Ϊһǵźĸ(qng)׼ʵʩļƻǰˡ
Цʣ֪Ĵ𣿡
û˵֧ҵģҲˡŵĵ
ӶŸɵĲ⣿ʡ
ʼ磬Ҳɣ۹͸ֱȽСҺͽֺͻ˷ͷҪѹʲôġ
Цȴ֪ҺͽǵӬͷСûʲôȤ
ӶŲһɰˣ浱Ҫȥųλã˭ϡ
ǸܵˣȻҲϲԼ˺ͽĻǾֱ˰ɡ
ôʮ㣬ǲǻ齨İףĿ
ҷⷽ滹ǱȽóģҲǵ̫ӵˣʲôҲȽС
彫չȥܻСѧԺ;
ţӶԴһЩųн˺ݺԽԽ˶׼ı·Һͽϵ˶˽̸Ըǳ졣
ͷǵ˸
ͽԼһ֧飬˭Ϊأռͷʲôλãֻ˽Ϊʲôģ϶
Ͼ̫ӣǰչһȨҲһսŵļ̳ˣ˶еս˧˭˭֮òƶʡ
ϣͽ֮䲻Ҫ˺
֪ʲô§յߵİɣҺͽ֮䲻Ȩ⡣
ԴȥûȤҪһ˾ȻΪսṩû
Ц˵ϲ跽ķչȥսųΪ۹սҲҪΪ˶ȨǸƫӺҰĲܵܵѹơ
ԺսΪսͳ滮ţǻЭսŽǿ
ҺͽǹĽ(qng)ȨǮʲôģӰǵĸ(qng)
ڶһµĿ꣬ΣһͲ»ּ϶㣬ܿ϶ġ
ô˵ͷˣֻҪһľͺãһˣšһͶˣ
֮ǰҪ⼸ǿ߲˹ϹͶƷŪһЩױƷ()ƷȻҪ׼˾ҾͿ͵ˣЦ
()

1213.1213 ܺ

1213 ܺ
׬Ǯ(qng)ȴûʱȥӪҪǵĶ鿪˾ͽһˡ
ԭҪ׬ǮҲΪַ֧Ƿչ
ҲԼ̫ˣС¾ȫȥɡ
ڲԶŽ翴诵磬ɵô˺ü硣
ͷ˵һỰһ˹֣˳硣
ڶճȥҽԺϰ࣬Ϊ̫ˣԽҽԺͳһնսҽԺϹҺţÿ쿴ʮˣʮ壬ʮ塣
Ҳ½æܿʼҽֻһӪҵϢʱ䡣
պǶѧ˹ҽʱ佫
һ첡˵ķ(qng)ܺã˵ڶһʮžͱԤԼˡ
պ˿ͬǱ߿߽⣬еĲ(qng)ĶҲ䣬պǳ
°׼ؼңȴ¥±Ѱס
üȥ
ѰɢߵǰҶˣ
˸ۣ˾ȥ˵
Ѱʼ磬Դ֮ҶԲĲ˾ûȤ
ȻģһsԴʯһٷ
жһɫԴʯ棬ҪûǴľϵܰɣİСء
ŽsԴʯʯͷһȥʱһ治֪ðİܼӡ
һٷһsԴʯֶԷԴ⣬ײ
УҲȥסҼҸð͹ȥҲҪȥԣһν
ѰҲȥУ͹ң
߰ɣڵؼ·ϵʱ䣬ҲˣósԴʯ֮ͬǰǿһӸ
ֽ̧ӹ˾ͺã
´sĲʱ䡣һһ˵
Ѱü鷳
̯̯֣û취أܺȣ
ԺҪʲôϣֱи嵥ңʱ䣡Ѱ˵
һ˿Ц⣬ð
ѰsĲ׼߼̣ҪܴѰõƳܵٶȾܷˡ
ߵǰѾնϽҪҩ졢׺ĲϷѰնˡ
()

1214.1214 ˭أ

1214 ˭أ
ϳѰյϢ
ϸĿ˿¶־֮ɫҪôsĲϸ
йĿѧֲϿΣȻ֪ЩǸʲôõģ벻ͨҪô
ȻˣȻһȥ
õôࣿѲɻǻʦʦħʦɫ
һۣҩʦͻʦϾܲ鵽ˣʦħʦҵļˣҲҪòϵġ
㻹ǻʦѰͻȻԼӦȥúõĿϣͻȻһ£Щ⡣
԰Ȼ֪𣿡ΪͲ鵽ˡ
ѰЦҺ֪𣿡
ʲôˣһġʱ˼Ȥ
û뵽һҲ죬ͬȤѧϰaܻ׵죡
Ѱ¶ֲмaܻʲôоģǾ⣡
˳ǣһ󣬡aܻ⣬ʲôأ
sܻ׻ɣaҲԡѰŵ˵
۾Ĳͷ˵Լsܻ׺a׵졣
Ѱ̧̧°ͣȫ()¶һָȺ֮ˣǵȻˣ
Ӳ˵ѣĳԾҲ˼֡
sܻ춼˵ˣһȻa׵죬ʦᣬ˵Ǵܳģ
£գգۡ
ѰȴʧȥȤ֪̫ͶˣҾû۵ıҪǻ֮ɡ
һƣ˭أȻҲsܻ׺aףȴкܶණ֮󣬾Բʧġ
ѰɵĿļٵģ
Բ֪ˣҲŵ̧̧°͡
Ѱ˵УǾʹܻ׿ʼġ
׳һЩaܻ׷ĶҪˮƽ
()ҲǸĿѧ񣬼ϻӳ֣ʱڹʦǱѾaܻо͸ˡ
ǶѰ٩٩̸˵˲ԼС
شѰȤЩͳ͸ˣԼЩȴһֱȥ
ԽȥĵľԽһڻϵ츳֪Ķţ
()

1215.1215 Ȼô

1215 Ȼô
ľѰͬʱѰ̬Ҳһʼĵȡ
óƿصģҲaֵܻȼļȴԼչܶණüһЩС
ǲ֪ľͼsܻ׵Ķ
ٶȲ죬˰СʱŻر
ͣѰı棬Ҳֹ˺ۣһؼø
ֳܱѰ֪췽ĶеģܷסԷ
ȻԭǲмĵѰЩδĸоУһҰѲϲԵĶ㣬ϣҵķﲻҪЩ
ãͷһ֧ô߰ķ˷ѣҪ϶ġ
Ѱ³ͣųԼҡ
ѰصһǵǱ߲鵽Ϲ
ӴԽ࣬Խ򵥣ر츳òƶֵͣĸо
ؼҺħó߲һҪ׷򣬵ȻҪץסθˡ
һºн˷ֿȻ趨õĻ˹ȥ
Ѱż͹ºУ΢΢üͷǽӹš
Ϊ͹˭֪ǸŮ˾Ȼôġ
򿪱ºУһ㣬һصĲˣɢ׷һǰŨ
ɢζѰԭûиоĶͻȻĽ˽С
ȥԣ()ζڴﻯûĲһߡ
ܿͽһȫԹ⣬ûб
ûһٳԹô෹ˣĳҲľ޵ˡ
ԭʲôըͲʲôóˣһһsԴʯڿ(ͦͦ)ֵġ
Ѱ꣬Ǳƾջؼңһһ
ҪѰ֪ٸװˣһᱻ͵ϡ
극ϺѰۻ(qng)˵һ顣
ƾ忡϶¶е֮ɫ˼ǣĻˮƽܸߣ
ܸߣҸо˹ʦصȻס
Ƭֻطרо׵Ĵʦ
һǵĻоԺ߲һﱸģҲҪṩսʹá
ȻҪǹϵӲṩĽԴḻ˻սҲܻһЩ
һطǵһǵܲоң׾󲿷ãԸ߼ó
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1216.1216 ƶ

1216 ƶ()
ѰףһǱȽϸ߼֣˵϶طйء
sܻҲĶ˿Ƽط⣬Ҳֻеһ칫˾ļٻ״ʦᡣ
ʦһںܶԭ棬ʦûѰյĶȫ档
ƾָôɳô£оܿغϸĿ()С
ͷҲôġ
ôпǴӵһǵųġ
˶˵֮ǰ˵ҺὫһǵŵļƻʲôĸңȻȥƻҵʱΪʲôܵõϢڿָ˼ڲˣռƻϢͺܼˡ
ЩʣԵһǵţӵôĸ߼ԴƿôܵĻ켼ǿ϶ǺԱΪʲôҪ˵һǵأ
°ͣҲҲĵطҾҲ˵ѡ
˹ܷҲпڵһǵʲôҪˡ
ˣԭǻؽûȤͻȻ
ƾĿӦؽϣǵķڵһǵŵ()ݵλԺܸߡ
ֻҪҪһǵŻؽ˼Ƕ˵ġ
Ҳôģ˲þҪйͬĿҲǿԺġЦ˵
⼸Ѱ˽⣬һǵŶİɱȷʵ֪(qng)ߣĻʹ֮Ҳûн
ԼպĶȾͺãƾõʹϻۻǺŵġ
һʱ䣬ֻҪȥҽϰ࣬ʱ򶼻ӴѰ
Ƕûʱ䣬̽ҽ죬˫ջ
رͨѰ̸Լ(to)sܻѾ˺˽⣬׶˽˲١
ľϲջ
ȻҲѰļɵһ㣬ӴԽ࣬һԽţϵ츳̫ˡ
ѰÿҲǺģҪ˻߼ӲˣsļԴʯ߲ϲۣԴĿռ
ƾҲѰṩĲϣƳ˼ܹ
һδµʱȥװƴҲֹʼ˳
оУֻоǵʵָؾС
()

1217.1217 ˭֪˭

1217 ˭֪˭
诱ľŶӣȥμӳܼ򵥣ֻúƳһγС
μӷװƴֻԼƣҲԴϽ
Ĳ֯˿
ûŪӣɫĲ˿һ۳
۴()һģ()Ϻܺ壬һ֮Уûͨ˳
˶ûã׼ܾչ֡
ͨҪºžиֿʼҽԺͼҵʽ
Ҳ˵õ˵һ֧飬ǶӶ()ݣȽĬҲΪ˸˳ˡ
°֮Ѱĳȥ
ϳûѧĶն˷һλø
ն˵λõͼʣʲô
һŷֲ콫һ÷ɴװŴ˹һҽʣҪ˵ǵҽԺáѰ˵
˲˼ǵĵһκ
ѰЦСôأǸֵģҲǺǰᡣҪˣҲûбҪٺˡ
УҼҲҪұ֮ǰĳȥԡ֪Ѱ̽ûʸĿθˡ
ҷҪʼҵһǵŵ鷳ôʹθ˿ʼɡ
Ѱü㲻ȥ
ҲüСҪԳôң
ѰһҭΪŮ˸ƻҪԼȥأ(qng)еء
漴ЦЦײȥֻ
ȻԽǿԽˣܺһȥ
ҲһֻЦЦ
㲻ҵһŵټƻ𣬻߻ٻ𣿡ѰĿ
߹ŵĻҪûнǲǸ
˵ˣ𣿡ʡ
Ѱϰ()ŵżȻˣ
ⲻ͵ˣЦ˭֪˭
ѰС󣬻ǵһܹ˼άߵˣûȥ̵ȼ
Ů˵̾Ҳܸߣ˼ϸ壬ʮ**Ҳ˫ss츳Ҳһ˿ɵ
ԽѪҺַڸԽŨŶǼįģȻϣܹҵһֻ൱˽
ЦǸû˼֪Լ̺ܸ߾͹ˣ
ѰһҭֻЩ̺ԼٰˣƲƲ조㣡
³ȥ£17~~
()

1218.1218 ̫̼

1218 ̫̼
صҺѰλãǷ˹ȥ
ʱӶҲûջģԴ׬˲٣Ը㵽һaܻס
Ƕ⼸ҲaܻףʣµbܻףڷĴ£λø
ȻѰṩǸʱΣһרװػķɴ
ս뷶Χ󣬹Ȼ˷ɳʮaܻס
ķɴȻõһǵŶס
ϴ𣿡һԭӶŵ˽˷ܵ˵
֮ǰ˵ԺҪǿû뵽һǵţֱ̫ô̼ˡ
һ侲ĵȲǽٳֳɹڳ
˵ҪҲǵš
һԷɹˣٳȥȣ˳һǵŵķɴͻˣԷһмųȥϢҲ
ϴ˵ǣסҲŲѡ
ܱ翴е˶ܵû˭ˣϲô̼(qng)
ܿ죬һǵųɹٳ˷ɴ
忴׼ʱ䣬һսȺʻ׷˳ȥ
Уʻ׵ˮƽߣڶ磬Ǵͷ
һǵŵǵû뵽˸ҹ£һ˻׾ɴʣΧŷɴĻ׺ܿ챻ָɵüܡ
ҲӲabĻһսΪ˷ֹbױķա
սܺã֮ٶȺܿ죬ǵǷӦѾˡ
˼ʻ׳ɴٵǵȫΣ()ϵĻ׺ʹŵĶȫߡ
ɴϵһʼˣɿ˵һŵˡ
ѵҲǵţô죿
ǵڽʣ˭Ƿɴϵĸˣ
һսս˳ˣңǣ
嵭ĵרŶԸǵŵսӣǲú¡
ЩǵǵսŰɡ
˵뿪˷ɴ
ǲûжɴϵĻֻǵš
ʮܻ⣬ǻǵͣڸķɴϴһա
֮ûɱЩǵҲ뽫鷳Ӹսŷ̯һЩ
ǵĻСʱǿգӲʿˮãˣ
˰ȥǵսţЩɶǵԻԵǵһ
սӵֺ֮ǰսƵ档
˼£ֻͻȻˣֻȥһ˭֪ѡɫ˵ûлҪȻҰСʱͿԵҵСʱŪãڲŻؼдһ£һ°Сʱ~
()

1219.1219 ̼Ļں

1219 ̼Ļں
һǵûͣҲûҪԷķɴʻŻѸٵ뿪
ȸսŵĻսʿϵʱѾûӰ
ܹٵķɴǼҪҩʱסҲû׷(ͦͦ)кøУͬʱҲסˡսӡ֡
֮ԽսӣҲȡ֣粻ȡг档
صһ(to)ԱһּþδƽϢ
ǾķɹˣŶе㲻󣡡һ˵
ֻսŻ׷ǵţȴû˵ȥǵŵģǳ˵һзսӡ
̫̼ˣϲ
ҪΪսŵ˰ɵЩɥĲǵǡ
ǰЩžǻսǱӦûᴦ̡
ӳӳǻ죬ˬ죡
年ЦʲôθСһˣ̼Ļںء
ֻ±ǵű𣿡ɫʡ
ӶǾͽͷ˩ڿˣΪִ̼(qng)ëµġ
ԣͱǲ£
ɨɨǶȷʵûо⣬ЦŵͷܺãһƬķǵսţλԪϣ
ӿռóþƵϣֵǣɱ
ӳɱ˾ٱ
ϴζңϲŪģһһڽľƺ꣬۾˲ˡ
ǰȥǺҽžǴĻζþư˶ǴֺӣϲҾơ
ȾһЦ⣬˵δġ
ĲֻζҲһѺ֡
ҿϴ̫Ҹˣ
ɩҲ̫ˣôúȵľƶǿȻͱȷ󣬵ϴϱȻҲɩӡ
ʱлǿϲľǱ˿ġ
ҲһͿ䡣
һţȺȾĵòǽεսƷˣ׾ֻb׵ֵˣûзֵ׵ˣֵԴʲô𣿡
̼õֵĺô֤Щ˲ڣӻԽԽ
ûӵġ˶û
һ˾üЦķսƷ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~13~~
()

1220.1220 ᳤

1220 ᳤
սҽԺյ巢Ϣʱ
ͷѰθѾˣ
ѰҲյϢüٶȻ(ͦͦ)죬Ǿͼɡ
һƻǿθˣַһλø
Цû⣬θҲģ
֮ǰϢôŪǵűֲļƻҲȷѰ()ݣһǵһǵųġ
Ѱ˵ǵˣ
θҲôóԵģ߷ֲļƻ͸¶ȥһʼǵľ裬ɴˣ϶ͻỳϢ©һЩȥꡣ
ҪľʲôսӣûӦЩҪûеĻô糬
ͷǵȻ
ķ˹Ȼһǵŵٴηˡ
ѰҲûʧٴṩεһǵӼƻ
ǰĶ˳ξ˵һǵǱߵ塣
ϣԲˣٴش˵һǵɳĶ顣
һɺϣɺϣɽλɺϣȻˡ
ҲΪ⼸ηġ硱սӳ׽뵽˱սź͸߲ԼڵҰ
ں漸ξ˷ɴ󣬱ɴϵĽսƵϡ
׵Ҳһѡ
[һǵҲĽǴİ]
[ãƽֻɱ˵ģҲڱ˰ɡ]
[սӵҲʵģȻϻͷϰ룬ǾͲµһǵű]
[Ҫǻ£ǾͲܽӶȥƻˡ]
[˵ǵҪȥˣȥһǵأ]
[ҲӦ÷ΪֻǸġ]
[ô˵ǵҲΪˣɼҲֵ͡]
[ǾȵһǵŷӦǾҪʰҵġ]
[ǰڵǷˬˣԺ֪ҪôأΪ˵ӬͷСô(qng)ҾսӸͲӡ]
[ɲһսӵķǺмƻģ˵һǵŻ嶼ǷתˣҷҪ֧֡]
[Щ˾ǳ־Լ磬ò׳һ֧ҷǵŵսӣĽΣǶ϶վߡ]
[ӳģ]
ϴҸִһʣַ֧սӵǴϾֻҪ˭ʹǵţһҪſô
ȻվڷսߵˣҲ͸¶һ˼룬Ǿսӿ᳤ܲá
е¶ĳʼսʲôʱᱻʰį
()

1221.1221 Ȼ

1221 Ȼ()
һͣһҷɴϣ޳˫ֲϷɿڼʻϵͳﶯ
һɺŰ˰һ
ҷɴϵͳȫٵ
ˣ߰ɣվվ()˵
翴źٵķɴϵͳЦĺڿͼ˺ܶࡣ
ʵ˵ҺǼѧԺϿ⣬˺ܶ༼ϣѧϰ˺ܶණ
ս츳ãԺڿͼ츳ʤԽԽ˼ʱ䶼ⷽˡ
Ȼʱ;࣬ջҲǺܴġ
ҴӷɴҵһЩϿȥһƱ
ȾһЦ⣬Ҫôɣ
Ҵǵķɴһפѵ㣬úͻҲѾ룬ڴ˹ȥˣǾԷӦ忡Ͼǹ
ȷʵҪѰṩһЩԷļƻԸ׵ȥƻ
ԲڶԷÿѰṩļƻȥѯϸϣԼԼȥ·пֵܻͿܣǰӦԵĸִʩԷһʧ
ѰΪθˣֺγֻǽԷ塣
Ҫĺ˴֮䶼ó㶫С
緢ַսŵľ쵼ߣãǾȥˡ
ϲȥӪͷչζ˶Էѵ㣬ҪĹ˾ҲԽˡ
ú߳˼ʻա
ϴ˵ǿܺܿͻᱻǵʰˣжĳûʲôʱʰЩ˵ҧгݵ˵
ȻڷǵţɺγҪȵ㱻ɱˣЩ˾Ȼڮûӡ
һҲ߷߲ƽġ
岻ЦЦ˵˵ֲٿ()
ŷɨɨڳˣζĵǼƽȥǵŵѵ㣬Ҫʵжȥǵ𣿡
⻰ͻȻúе֮ǰȥ磬ںҲûҪʵȥЩȻ졣
һʣĳӮʴ𣿡
ܹһߣѾһʮҲǺܶ˶ǻһȥɶ
ĦϵĽָ˵Ҳȥµע
Ҫһ궼ȥǲֱ(ƨp)ɻȥˡ
һ磬ǽϣ㣬Ҳҵһݡ
׬עȻҪµˡ
Ҳȥ򣡡۾Ҳλӳ죬Ȼ()ȡ
16~~
()

1222.1222 ô֪ģ

1222 ô֪ģ
žʹսӵȥ˲鵽Ǹǡ
ֻһͨǣһǵŵһѵͲ
ҲǾٴ洢תһڲֿĵطֿĶû˻رֲڵǡ
ͽƻãƿ·ߺսá
ܿʹ˽ѵǵȫȻ󽫲ֿĶȫϴһա
ŽһöսӵĻ˵ϣġ
ֱ뿪ϵսŲŷ£һҲȲѡ
רŵϵͳģİķɴͻ׽иӦʾɷ˽һǵŵѵˣǶûյκʾЩһôģ
ǵȻ֪Ƿ˼صϵͳŴ󷽷Ǳȥ
²С˵һʱսŵ˾ϱˡ
ܿ죬(qng)˭û뵽շһƱǵŷɴͻ׵սӣȻôֱȥϴ˼ҵѵ㡣
Щһֱսӱһ˶ˣ˼Ҿôߵôš
ҽԺҲյ˷巢ϢЦŻһɵƯ
ҪѰȴԲֻķȥ
ԷʱŴ򿪵ķ˸£ѰĶ档
սЩ⡣
̧ͷЦЦˣҲֻỹľϲ
ѰĲˣһθڶûУǾôģ
ŮΪʲôأԹҽԺķ˶ԡ
Ȼ˵ΪǵĶӳδ򣬸ӳҽҲģ˭ģ
ͷĹϵأֻҪϸܲ鵽ûҪΡ
Ѱ֮ǰϸϣȻ֪һȥӶδ򣬿ϵʱûʲô̫ĸоô˵һ˵ķꡣ
ôҵǸѵģѰЩĵط
ǸѵΪһתֿ⣬ԽʮأפǵȽϵ͵ϵ˶ûз֣Ǹзô֪ģ
գգۣûʣԲ֪
֪ԼҷǵŷɴϵͳõϢŴȥϴ٣ȴѰ
Ѱķ֮ĴûзɹҷǺڿ͸ֵ(qng)֪
()

1223.1223 

1223 
ѰŲ֪˵Ҳû취
һ()͵֮¿üԸԺ緹Ҳˡ
ȴԵ(ͦͦ)죬
ΪʲôѰ£ǿһǮ
ƳһۣͲǮ˲𰡣
㣡ѰһҭŮ̫ˣ㵨Ӻܴ֪ҵĺ𣿡
лл佱˵סֻǺϵӹҽ߿һİʦأΪҵԴʯͲϣָֻܶŵķԸǵȼ۽
һϴģĺ˰ɡ˸ۡ
ɲѰ׷ʱףÿһۡ
Ѱվ()˦ˣ
ƲƲ죬ûģ
ԼȥѰûһ䳵ûϵᣬԼųؼˡ
Ҳûû͹ȥõڱѰ˲ٶ
ڶһҽƾɫѰ
û()߹ȥ
Ѱǵһαôӣת()Աߣҧгݵʣҵķأ
üһۣ춼ûǮ԰ͣ
Ѱ˺ڣһǵԴʯ
ʼ磬ֻϲǮȸ󵽻𣿡
һڵһǵŵ()жţ棬Բ֣ǰҪ߳һȵ˼
ǿС֣ʰ͵ʰѧԣ
ʱսԽһ磬ô˭ڱ˵
Ѱһ׼˵߽˹ҽơ
һصߵǰҽе㼱Ҫ㡣
ͷǰ칫˵
Ȼİ칫ңΪһˮԺʲô𣿡
ӹˮֱ˵˵Ǳ߽м˲Ϯ˲ˣһͲǱߵҩʦûа취ѸٽΣ
֮ǰ˵Ǳǿϵ(qng)սս˧ս˧˵绰Ҫȥ֧Ԯæ
ҲǸսӵս˧ĵ绰͸Ͽˡ
Щ⣬(qng)𣿡
أεĲĺܿ죬ѾˣϵҪǲϿҵԴóⶾҩʻ̾˿
ûԥãȥ֧Ԯæǰŷɴɡ
()ΪҽȻǲôΪģ֮Ҫ׼ӶǸͼļ˵ܽ´̽¡
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1224.1224 ñ׼

1224 ñ׼
ͬ⣬ɵһ
ҪǻҽԺҽָǲȥۏˮģϾִĲȾ϶ǵйء
Щֻȥսչ˲ˣԸȥֱӶǵžͲˣ±
ܵʣͺս˧ȥţСҪȻؼʰһ𣿡
ͷһȥ׼һ£ҽ߾ʱͣһʱɡ
ģš
˵ιȥƻȽ鷳ҽҽҪҪȥ㣿
صǣҪԸʹȥæԸĻҲǿ
ãȥţȥ㡣ҲҪһЩ׼
ţ
뿪ն˸ѰպϢ
˺ܿ칫ңһʰһ˵Ǳкüܵ˲Դ˲ˣǱϣҹȥ֧ԮæԺѯҵѾͬˣ
˶ϢЩ⡣
ѰûѯʣϵĿڵҸһȥ
֮ǰЩ棬ôǿǲԴ⣬εǻȥˡ
պô˵ҲҲһȥ
ѧôʱĹҽȥʵ¸ã뿴ҽδԴ
ʧЦԭҾҪҪȥȻȥǾͻȥ׼°ɡ
һ㣬ôģĲʮ**ǵŸɵģҪǸҹȥпܻǣҿܻᱻ⻰ҪǶպ˵ġ
Ѱм()ȥ׼ˣһſڼ
ʲô⣿
ѰôˣպЩεЦЦСƢЩ꣬ҽ⡣
ѰӡǲģȻƢĮ˵㣬ѧϰҽȴ츳ǳڡ
º͵Ц֪()ӣġ
Ǿͺãպͷ¶ȻҽģҼȻҪȥǾͲǵҼѾûˣҹ¼ҹ˵Ĳ¡
ȭͷүү()()͸ĸǱһǵʱģܹлƻǵļƻҺȥ
û뵽ȥûʲôƢ()ȽϿպôҵţֻҪ¾ͺãѭЩ˿϶бӦġ
ȥ׼ˣһȥſڵšպǷĵ𾴡
ã
()

1225.1225 ֪Ҫôѡ

1225 ֪Ҫôѡ
źùҽƵ(qng)ųȥ
·նˣЩȡ
ոã
ã޵()Ӱڳڿ˵𣿡
û£趨ԶʻЦʣո£
޵ͷе(qng)֪ûʱģ
ֿ̧˿ҪڻؼҴԼаСʱĿʱ䣬ҪҼһˣ
óҪѯʡ
û뵽ôɣҪƽ϶ˣһԼãǵͷã㣬ڵλҲԶ
ţһ
صʱѾˣк
Цվ()ˣ
ףոÿ
֪Ҫ˵кһ¥ȥϢˡ
֪ʱȽϽҲûȦӣܰҿ࣬ʺ𣿡
²µ⣬ϸĿ˿ݣո磬Ҫ׼ǵļˣ
㿴ˣүүҺüΣϣܹȥ
޶˶˵ԭصãҲҵøǰȥ()ˣͷ뵽ҡ
ıȥ𣿡ʡ
޳ĬƬ̧̣ͷǰһֱڶܣҪǣ塣ԴϴαɱҲͨˣûõġ
¶һĻȣȻе˲ԸһȥһƫҪȥԼĶû㲻ҪˣҲԼҪġ
ϴε(qng)ŭˡ
ͬĵͷһζöܣ˻Ϊ۸ء
ո磬ӡõ֮һЩŲܻزȥΣգǻðһðա
ҹҵк⣬ȥһᣬջӦû᲻
Լոġ
Ļԭŵ˲˺ܶ࣬Цͣлл֪Ҫôѡˣ
ʵѾѡ񡣡֪һܼǿˣֻǿνļ֮ǰ˵ԲŻų(qng)
Цȷʵѡ񣬹˵˵ҲΪԼġ
ҹͻǣ㽫ҪҲȥҪϵҡ
ҪæģҲҪҿǷ(qng)١
ЦŵͷãԤףմһ˳
óŷݸһƽһȥҲõϡ
Ҳûл
()

1226.1226 

1226 
ûж˵(qng)֮뿪ˡ
о̬˱仯˵ҲһЩֻͬϣܹɹ
¥ͽ˵˵Ҫȥ(qng)ڱĵ˲ҩķŵħ
ʱ࣬Ѱպ½˽͵Ǻ˾
˷ɴڴһλ
()֡
߹ȥ£ԺҲȥ
ЦŻصǰε(qng)ȽأսԹȥ
ҽҽԺص㱣Ҳ˸š⻹ʵ
ЦһңܹԺԳ
ԺҲֻǼΣǰҲǸսжϲɱС
ЦʣԺǱߵ(qng)˽٣
صǱߴһϹдһǰһǷ˶֢״Ϳʼ½
ҲҽҩʦȥѰҲԴɲһ񣬲Դϵĳܵļɢ
ˣֲֻҪЯͻᴫȾǼϱĲԴȫǵһϵ˴ȥȾġ
̾һ˵ĸ߲ѾǼǷ(yn)뿪Ҳ²ҪǲܺܿҵⶾķǼϵǻҪ⡣
üͷ׼Ȼϣǲ̫ˣЩδȾԴҲƽ
żֳص˵Ҳûа취Ͳֻ滹ܹ㣬Ҳһ̼ģ֮͸Ⱦˡ
ҲûϵǱֻܽ˽и룬Ⱦǣ롣ϴαǵָҲôɣõǱƻˡ
Ҳֳ֮УȥһűȸȾ𣿡
Ǳ߸߲˼ҪصѰҲԴ彫
˶˵ȻоⶾҩҲüޡ
ͷһᾡġ
ǰҪһʱ䣬֮󣬾ȥϢҡ
()ŲԴ(qng)ն˾յʾ
뵽磬ϵطš
ɫǺܺã彫ʣôˣ
˵(qng)ǰ(qng)˵һ飬ԭҲ׼˵ġ
()

1227.1227 Ĵ鷳

1227 Ĵ鷳
Ļ¶֮ɫ
ǻ(ͦͦ)鷳ģЩǵˣô޹ȺһûС()Ϊսŵļ̳ˣһֱűҺڵΡ
Ȼ֮ٵЩΣȴ(qng)
ͬǵ޼ɵĺˣǹϰˣô˵ƻһġ
ķ˿˵Ҳ˳ȥ򡣡
̧ͷȵĿǲҪȥѰұǵŵѵ𣿡
§§ȥܸƻͷ٣Ҳ㣬Ҫȥ
Ƕһ㶼˽⣬Ǳ߻ǱڵĴңȥ
ս˻(qng)(ͦͦ)յġֹסĲӡ
ñǼ˲(ͦͦ)ڵġ
ƻ˲ٵһǵűֲļƻ½ǵļѵ㣬Ҳǳŭ˲ѰأҲȥܱܡ
ǲµһǵűܲսӣǲҪӲӲΪá
ţ㿼ǺõĻǾɣһɼƱġĻ˵
Ѿܾûսˡ
ãҵ˾һ㣡§ֽ˽
ڷɴסһҹڶùͣ׼ϢңѰߵԱߵ̸̸
Ϣҵţ˵ɡ
Ϣﲻֻ()ɳƷ
һ֭ݸ£
ѰӹӺһڣȻķ£Ѻȣե֭ã
ڷɴϾͱˡ
ΪңȻѯĲԴƻءָôűӡ
ЦЦ֪㲻ǻᱻǿ()˵ĻȻ˵ĻҲûá
㻹(ͦͦ)֪֮ġѰЦ
νʼ磬ô롣
ңѲң֪ĲԴƻ̽ʡ
ѰͷȻˣҴù
ô˵˵Լһ֭
ѰζĵԴƻǸӰˡ
ӣʲô˼Щʡ
ѰҲûӣŪִģĲԴȾҪҪתսŵע⣬Ȼ˽¸¡
ʲô£֪һֲõԤС
Ѱص׼ҪһµӶᣬڳﱸԽ涴սӣ(qng)Ȼǲøս֪ġ
һ֪ΪʲôѰеµڵĴ鷳ˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~¸»д󱬸~~
()

1228.1228 ¶

1228 ¶
ܿ侲Ȼ֪˶Էļƻʹ㣬ǾͽδԴȥƻɡ
ζսӣԽ涴ȥڵ
漴Щʣ˵Ӷµģһ㲻սŻߴǵҲ(qng)
ѰһȻô뷨˭˵ģƬȻҪϷԴļȴܶ࣬ǲ뽫쵽ȼ򡣡
һתȷӶľǵһǵţȻΪôԴ̺սŶԿ
Ҫ⿿ٷɴǿԶԶġ
͸¶˸֪࣬һǵΪʲôܵ׺о𣿡
һ·Ӧ˹ΪµԴԴϵԴӶṩ𣿡
͵򼸺ûsϵȼԴʯͲϣÿµȴӵһЩûУмֵز׵һϡпľ֬Ͼµ򡣡
һٳɶ࣬baԴʯͲϱӶӴԴսӡļ˲ţȻлڸߵӶ߼Ĳϡ
ͷӶĶˣȻҲͱսźʹ巢֣ǲмӶһ(qng)
ֻһǵţǵţʵǿӶµչ׳ģǲǵ̵ǵĸ㶮𣿡
ȻսźʹǵΪˣɲȫ˹ͬʱеļսҲǲԺͶǵšζĲһ䡣
Щ𾪣ܿȻˡ
֮ǰҲܺ棬ǵŵʲôԴսſģԭǸԴ
ʣǵĴɼңǲǺ͵һǵŹһרӶµ򣿡
֮ǰѶõĽ˾Ǵɼҳġ
Ѱղ˵Ļôġ
ѰЩ⣬Ȼ֪
Ĳ£¶ˡ
鷳ɼҾѾǴ壬ԸȽ鷳еһǵŵ֧֣ǾʹѶԸˡ
֮ǰ͵һǵų˺ҲǶԵģسԹһԶܻġ
ҲɼһӶͼ򣬸ղ˵Ļ뵽ġٵ˵
ȥԤԼ˲Ż16~~
()

1229.1229 

1229 
ѰһĴôһ
˵Щ߲ȦӲʲôܣҲ⣬ͺá
תתЦʣ֮ǰһֱϿθû˼ǸƱİɡ
Ѱʹһ⻰ͷӦ˹ƻɼս͵ļƻ
ǰֻȴط(qng)Ĵ̼ǼȻҪƻǵȻǴӸһĶ˵һǵŵĻ
ЦЦĿ˵ֻҲˣ
Ѱûش𣬶˼Ƭ̣ɺȥǵŵѶȴˣɼҶսƻѾ׼˺Щ꣬ôƻġ
˼𣿡ƵѶҪƻɹгɾ͸
Ѱü֪ɼ׼˶սͻȥս𣿹ƾ㱳֧սӣṩϸļƻҲûκʤġ
ܶණһҪûҪ÷ȥӲӲȻȥսɼҪɳսͻ׾Բ١
Ѱԭ϶ζ׼ô
һûãҶȥƻ(qng)ܸȤҪҪһţʵѾҪҪôˣȴʱѰ
ô˵ҲΪ˵ѰθڣĲ룬ǻ᷽ܶࡣ
Ѱǰıӣмְգ
ҪæõɳսŵĴս׺ͻصλã߳ϵİա
˶˵ʵνƻþҪɳսˣ֯ȥµԴҲһƻ
ǺͳɼԼһǵʵ̫ˣĿǰҪľƻԷսƻҲҪһá
Ҫ˵һǵؽҾӦôӸȥ⣬ȶǵԴҲܶסǵʺӰѻơ
ѰĿһۣĬƬ̺˵еǾȴӶǵԴʼɡ
ɼҵϢϣһᾡ㣡
վ()Ҫ뿪ߵſڶµʽҪʧˣǲк
ȻõЩϣȴҪŲСķա
ģ˷Ѿģ¶һЦݡ
Ѱİ°빦
Ѱ˵ʲôžͻԼϢңȻȥɼҵ(qng)
ˣ17~
()

1230.1230 Ų񰡣

1230 Ų񰡣
ҲϢ˸ͷ壬׼
ڶ죬ɴһϡ
һ·ɴͱսŵߣֱȥҽԺ
³һսװȥְ񲻵͵սӭ˹
ֺգЦ˵ҽãս˧ĸܣһˣ
Цŵã
ϵĲԴȾ(qng)ˣʡ
һƣһһ˵
(qng)ֹۣи˲ֲԴкܴĸȾܴͨȾѾа˳ϵ˱Ⱦˡ
ȾصͻȥûôصҲֻ죬һֱ
߽ҽԺܿսŵ˷֣ҽǲȾ鷳ǽϸ롣
Ҳ(qng)ӹִϣȴȥ˵(qng)
ãҲд⡣
һ˶¥ֻʱ֧˺ܶ()λλռ
()϶ˣ()(qng)ҽܿܲá
һ()϶˺ܶŧѾˣŧ˳ȥʮֵˡ
ûӹһҽݹ(to)ϣȻߵһúص()˰
Ը()ߵһҽʣǵѪҺȶ˼𣿡
ȫˣҽҪʵҽĸԺ۵ȴżֻɡ
Ϊ˲ԴʲôҽŲ񰡣
˵ҽƷǲһôҪݣ
һڸԺﻮֻս˧ˣҲñֳ
ֻǸԺҽսŸĴˣҽŰŰɡ
ͷţҪѪݡ
ѾҪѪҺݲܳȷ
Ժܿ콫˵ѪҺ
˿ȷ֮ǰжϣеĲԴһζҩһմȾͻȫ()ŧҪƲ(qng)ֻҪζҩҩ()˾С
ʵҲû̫ϣô˵ʣҽа취𣿡
ͷУٶ࿴ˡ
½˶ʮˣȻһҩܣ鷳㽫дҩ룬Ȼ󰾳Ĳ˺ȥȻ޷ųȴ԰ס()
()

1231.1231 Щ̫Ծ

1231 Щ̫Ծ
ֽҩһݸպ
ҽ鷳ǰҩ
պصĵͷã
ҲûԥԸ˸Ͽȥҩ׼á
ҽڵĲܳ𣿡Ժʡ
֮ǰ˵λҽţʲôܽ⡣
ĵȻܳˣȴڣҳԴӦҩ
ҸղſҩҲܽ()ϵĴ붾()֮ϾͲŧ쿪ʼŧҲˡŵ˵
ԺڨڨЦЦЧô죿
Щʲô(qng)ӴĶ˺˽⡣
ŧһһʹģҩû˿ĿƣӵٶȷˣʲôҩЧôã
̫ţҲ̫š
Чôã˵棬ҩȥ֪ˣý̫ࡣ
תͷ˵ҩл߷ãҽḨǡ
ãҲᰲ˺úҽġȻﻹЩŰɣȴҲԸԣиĽˡ
˲(qng)ҪȥѰҲˡΪ˰֮ҲֲĴȾ()ܴ󣬲˻ر
һǵ̫˵ˣֱɥĲ
ܺʣҽа취ѰҲԴ
ףУȴȥȷֲ˵ĵط
ԴҽȥɣܼҲ֪ܵս˧ӣҲòİȫ
(to)ժ£Уھȥɡ
룡
һ˺ܿ뿪ҽԺպҩ
ߺһҽСֹҩ߶˵Ľⶾҩûء
֮ǰҲ˵ˣڹҽνİҩǽҩķŵͰȥҩ֭˷á
Ƕַ̫ªףǻǸҩЧ
ԺҲŰҩ֭Щ˵Ĳ(qng)ôҪԣ˵
ڴʱŷֵļ߳˽ŸԺһͨʡ
Ժ˵ǽԴǸҽˣǲǴĲ˶оˣ
ҽأûжЩʩˣ
ҽǲܽЩ
ҽҪôЩˣԺ˵˵ġ
һԺ˺Щôܳģ⻹ôϬ
Щ˵˼ˣЩ()ϵĲ϶ܽ⿪ҪǲܽⶾĻǺսţᱻ
ܾЩ̫죬Щ̫Ծ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1232.1232 ôžͲ

1232 ôžͲ
ΧŸԺʸͣ
ЩȴŹҪǲ˵ǾͲˡ
ԭǾѾˣԺЩ˵ֻεĽҩ(qng)˵һ顣
ЩûзŹ
Ժҽô㿴ͿҩˣܲܿЩ˵Ĳ(qng)
ҩˮҩҩ֭˷ãַûôоôأ
ǰҽȻôܣûнϵô
ԺȻҲҩûãս˧ģʱҲҽԺиϵ
ڨڨ˵ҽ˵ֻҪҩЩϵŧ׾ͻˣʼŧҲƣҲ޷ǽͣ翴Ч˵
ǲ̫ˣõĽⲡҩҲûʲôЧȵҩ֭ôŧף
ǰôžͲأ
ҽȥأѵúÿ
ҽҲЩ߲ƣǹҽβʵǴˮ
еĺվ˵ûϿ˵(qng)֪ˣǻ⻳ǵģʲô֤𣿡
ҽΪЩ˿˲ȥæѰҲԴˣҪΪ˰ҩβˣɷðɡ
һֱβҽʮֵģЩ˺ҩһתģ˲Щߺ˵
ԺҲͬô࣬ǻشֲţǲϻٹɡ
ʡһֱźܷ
⼸ҽǰһҪȥ
⻰Ҳٽ£ֻ˳ȥȴǿϺ컹ġ
ܿ죬Ͼͳ˼ƪβı
Щǵս˧뱱ҽæȻǿˣֻҽԺһ뿪ˣȻˮֱҩβ˵ܵȵȡ
˽(qng)ڼ״Žŭˣ˳ǹְҩβûôãǶԲ˵Ĳȵȡ
ȻҲһ˱ǣ˵ҪϺ첡˵(qng)жҽҽˮƽ
ʱһׯ԰һߴʿż޼֦
һװӿ첽˹ϢѾųȥˣںܶ˶ܲҽǳġ
()

1233.1233 ҵó

1233 ҵó
ƵĽһ֦£ӹԱū͵ݹ˲֡
ܺãȽ֮˽ȫˣ
˵ҪǽԤϵĲһأ
֮ǰȥܸоЩаš
ЦһܣֲҪǲ֪ԴòԭҩƣЧġ
һСǱɱ۾ˡ
ˮֱҩ֭Ųá
ѹĪ˵еϻᰲЩȥҽԺɷõģҪǲ˵(qng)ûһ˿⣬ٹ¼ƼͻȻͲˡ
ƻȵڷкʹ
㿴ŰͺãζǸƻǵļƻ
ӵͷǣ
Ҳ鵽ܴȥԺҲԴˣҲ֪л֡Щĵ˵
ӲмĵǿɲǱЩεĲֱͶŵģҵó
˼ӣҪѰʧܣơ
ӼܽõǾ͸ˣ
ҲǰﱱֲǱ߳ȥһ
ӵͷǣȥţ֤ô֡
ʱܴʼĵط
һԺȥܺã¥ĲߣȴȽζ԰ƣﻨ㡣
ֻȴһˣ֮ǰһȫ˲Ѿˡ
˴ŷ˽ȥ
ҽҪȥ¥ϵһ˷ĵط𣿡ʡ
ͷã
һ¥ߵһķ䡣
Žȥһ(to)䣬ҶС
߽ȥһȦûʲô߻صп̨һЩʢ()޵ʻ
̨˳ȥĿһ꿪ޱЩĵĻϡ
߹ȥժһƬҶϸĿ˿
룬ֱժһ仨仨곷¶¡
ںЩԣҪʲô
һֱǻ꣬ܿͻȻмֻ԰ŵĺһӿΧлڴ诵Ļתȥʮֵϲꡣ
ҽʲô𣿡ܼһֱ棬ɵ߹ȥʡ
ЦЦˣ
()

1234.1234 òѧ

1234 òѧ
ָָ̧䣬ǲԴ֮һ
ʲô⻨ǲԴܶ˶١
()󻹸սҽԺսҽһóһ̨Իм⡣
Ƭ̺Ž˵ҽ⻨ûжֻ˹ӣȴÿ˶
ʱһ˶ҲǸŮȫָ
Ѱ߹ȥ·ֻϷˣĻ꣬˻⣬ЩҲ⣿
¶֮ɫ⻨()ûжأЩڿоͻһֲһӴͻȻ()Ͽʼŧʱҽһ֮ھͻȥ
ǿ¥ȥ£Ŀǲ⡣ָָ̧Ҫ䵽ϵĻΧŵĺսҽ˵
㶣뿴ѯʡ
ҲЩ˼飬Դǻͺɵģ̫ˣʵ
ȥ£ȻôƶǼȷºá
սҽܿȥ飬ݳ֮˶¶֮ɫ
ŽоȻ˺Ͳ()ϸȾһӡ
벻ͨǾòѧ
ҽǵ˺()ҲֻǴһ˹ӣȴʹȾΪοĲأһսҽ̲סʡ
ص⻨ʯģǺҲһǻǺȷʵֻٲ˹֢״Ҳء
Żһתɵ⻨һӴкйӾͻںܶݵʱײŲһ˵ɼе
Ϊ˵ԭҲǿմȾϵ˾ͲֻĹŧס
ŪֲĶʦܸõҪ˵ԭ˺Ѳ͸鲻ˡ
Ҫڼ嵤Ĵ￴ƵİԼֻ֪ζҵԴ
ԭǺͻһòĲЧӦܺǲ⣬ȴòš
ҽ˼ôܲĥԴ껨ϣָָ̧()޵ʻ˭뵽ôĶȻô˵
һ˾ǴӿʼȾģȻһһ
()

1235.1235 мˢ

1235 мˢ
ֻɢٶǲ̫˵㣿Щ⡣
üܲ³뷨ֻһ겡Դˡ
ǿȥϸ飬˵ķûֻ԰һҲţҲҡ
һ䣬ҪҵĻɱˣȫռ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôҪýȫռΪĽжϳģǷݰŰҲ׿ˡ
ѹս˧ôλŮҽмˢӡ
ȥÿĻ԰ϸѲһ飬ҪǷͬĻʹԸս֮˷Ը
ǣҲٻ׷ȥѰҡ
Ƭ̺󣬳ȥ½һЩͬĻ
־Ȼʮüͷû뵽ǵžôƻûͺԴ
Ҫ˵ȷ˭뵽һôĲ
ֻϿ϶вĻȥѰңȻؽҵĻȫҽԺȥٴǿ
ҲǴˣǿռ⻨ɵʣҽ⻨ǲʲôã
ĵͷ⻨ĸǳ׽ⲡرҩռԽԽá
ֻͺȾĴȾٶȻ죬ȴûôţһɳ⣬ͬҲ϶ֻڣһȥײ顣
ԽԽеãһᰲפ⼸ǵϸ̽ҪǷֻռҽԺ
ҽЩôأָָ¥»ΧŻתȥҲƯĲʵ
صȫɱˣֲʵ()ܴ󣬾ûֻҲС
Ҳ²⼸ǣֲʵ٣»()ЯĸȾҲ»Ҫ𻹵û𹥡ѡ
ܴʱжһû뵽λҽȥͲҲ̫ྭĸоɼʶȴô㡣
ԭΪҪҳԴҲҪʱ䣬˭뵽һ춼ء
ѹս˧˵һǣ֮ǰ⣬úѿˣȴͻȻǸǡ
ҵԴҪôĿƲ(qng)óⲡҩЩϻŵĲ˾оˣҲܳ׽ɽ
ȥԺֲʵȫˣַԸ˴ӸֽǶȽͲʵȻ󷢸פڼϵսԱ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1236.1236 ͳ

1236 ͳ
ԺĻȫռʵҲûǹȫ
ܿ˿ʱ䣬ЦݵĿҽ˷ɴͰæƲ˺ѰҲԴ㲻ȥԷɣ
ҲЩˣã
ǲ⣬󲿷˶вֵޱȣ̶ˡ
ܴȥսŵפأĲڶͣҵˣҷԸսʳרŵķˣҽǲҪ⡣
ЦЦǲʳֻ鷳ˣ
鷳лҽء̬ܶ˲١
սŵʳãʦѾ׼ˣڶ¥һ
ζУϲʳȴҲ죬һЩ
ѰϵĲ˾ûθڣڳԣһЩŵüºͲٶˡ
һر죬ԸҲԲθڵķˣȴҲù
ѰԷնˢȻ󿴵ϳʵûжҽ汾µš
΢΢˹żĵͳˣ
ЩĪĿôˣ
˵ϵЩδȫҳ߲ܽѾҵԴϢųȥ
ѰԼ㿪ſ
ҲԱˣ¿ӴնˣźЩϲûжٲ쳤()ϣô˵ɡ
ֲ׽Ӱ(qng)ֵж໶ҩЧж
˵ĻЩԾҲȥն˿˿Ȼ˲ˡ
֪ĸ˵Ū(qng)Ȼڡ
ЩεĿ˵ҽǱǸЩ߾˵ͷԸȥųˡ
˸ұ(qng)ʮ**ǵйأͷۡ
Ǵӱģôб£˵ܶҽҽƢЩŹ֣Ϊ˦˲ˡ
ｫ˺Щ飬Ҳ׼ҪЩ˵ɫ
ȴЦЦãȥʰǣ˵ܿͻǣȨѹ˵ųƵЧٽϢųȥá
һҪлǰأ˵
ڱڵж֮ϴ׵ĸ࣬Լҩžġ
ܼĲ⣬˿ҽ()ЩҥˣҲܷŹˡ
ҽģһᴦɾġ֤
()

1237.1237 Ǻƴ

1237 Ǻƴ
֪λã϶ǲ׵ġ
Цŵܴã
һ˳ѾǰܶҽľƵڶסˣ鷳սӪؽ£Ѿʰ(to)ס
ãھ͹ȥɣϢȥҽԺ
֮ǰΪҽƢ˵̸ֹܹ֣Ƚưû뵽ദ֮ͣǶɵֺøС
᲻ġ
Խ͵˰׼õķ䡣
ÿ(to)䣬пңļҾߺƷȫµġ
ϢСʱȻȥҽԺֿ̧˿ʱ˵
ڹȥҩЧҲδȫӣСʱ֮мЧˡ
ЦŵͷãСʱҽȥ
ܵߺϴ˸ɳϺͷ廥Ϣ
ԼһСʱңһ
żѰվſڣüڻûȥҽԺʱء
ѰԾ˽Ҷˣ
ʲô£ɳ
ѰһҭһðĻѹ£㷹ԣҸԴʯ
Բʳõķȥԭ׼طȵӪɲóǸζͷȴ
ɳϷϢҽûӪɡ
ѰŵŮˣҲ鵽һЩɼҵϢ֪ܲһٷ
ŽעЩϢһٷȷ
ѰüΣһֻṩܼ򵥵ĶԷƻ·ߣȴϸϢΪһٷǺƴ
Ѱư˵Ļᷴڣ
Ҳû뵽ԼΪһٷȻ˵ߣĶˣ쿪ʼûôԶ
Ц()ûжʳģҾ͸ɡ
ղſıʹʳģƷȴࡣ
ԣֻҪζãʱУѰͷ
߽()һѵ
԰ɣ˵ϡ
Ѱȥ̳̫ˣԭ뷢𣬲ȴڱǼƣ̡
һӷŵʱһͷڵĳʱĺһ
ǰмڳֻ()߲һ𳴵ķڳһ֮󣬲ŷԼһڡ
Ů治˵ĳջҲëԺ㲻£ȥҽŪȥҲǺõġ
()

1238.1238 Ӳӥ

1238 Ӳӥ
ǶˣȻԵ̻ʣȴܺãɴһš
˵ѰĽǺܺõģԲͨǵųԱ
ĵԷ()ħóӣե֭˵
Ѱե֭üûкôʱ򣬿ûե֭
ڷɴŮ˾ֹ֭Լʵɶ
ΣȻĵͷϻҺֻʱĺϵɲʱʱҪź㡣
о仰Ӳӥ˵ľҡ󷽵˵
ѰŮƤһĺ񣬲⻰Ǻʡ
ҲһôҵġŶɫȻ
ЦȴҲᡣ
ʲô()ݣҲ⡣
ʼζ˵ʵɣǵһǵŵͷӣҲһĶԴǧԼ()̫ˡ
ѰĿ˿ŮβҲûлĻ
תһ룬ҲΪŻҪЩŮһ࿴۶÷
֪Ϊʲô߻ߺ嵽ҽԺɷã˶㲻ЩϢ𣿡úռƣ˵¡
Цô˵ĻӦþǳɼҸɵˡ
ȻѰЦЦ׼׻ˣȻս˧Ǩŭ㣬㣬Զ
ԶأĶ֭һڣ·Էɱ˲һ
ѰҲ֭һڣüչŽ֭ԣ
ǻرҩЧƶ㲻ҵԴ׼ȥҽԺɷ֮¡ѰֵһǵŵĺܶȫĻԻͳͷԣԴûߡ
ôƶУ˼ҽҳ˲ԴΪܷϢɼҵڻ֪ء
Щͷ꣬ԻǶ˰ɣʡĵһǵֻҪӢҪ
͸¶ϢȥѳɼңûǸģ뿴׼ȥƻɼҵԼƻǿ϶Ȥܶࡣ
ҪǳɼҺ͵һǵŵˣ֪ǵү뷨˽ΪṩǲϢƻѪôȫǸ߾
ʧЦ̫ˣ˵Ǻ¡
ϢȻ뻻һٷˣϢ˵Ǻõģ֪˳ɼĿǰĵܴ
ҲãйԷҪ˶ԷŶԣ
()

1239.1239 Ȼִ

1239 Ȼִ
Ѱ֪ôһôҪϢ򷢲ղǶʳ⣬Ϊ˼ԵʳҲθˡ
ɼĿǰһĶʦνͶŲľˡ
Ѱһڹ֭˵Ҳ鵽ǻὫʦһǰ͵ȻòȾٶûսӣҪշʡսӵˡ
ɫ䣬û뵽ɼҾȻִ㡣
ʦվĽǶȷʵֻܹ˵ԭŪôĴȾҪŵͼȥ֪Ҫˡ
֪׼ҪԵһͼ𣿡ĵʡ
ѰصһͼҲֻ̫˵Ǽƻ˺ܶ꣬ˣÿһʱ仹Դ
ϣǿһ嵥һʲôˣȻ󱻳ɼҵʹսǺЩ͵
⻰ɫ˳֮ǰֻǲ²⣬ȴԿ϶ˣɼҪռľ
òȾսռ죬ǰ֪Եֿסġ
鵽սӵĻغͱ𣿡е֮ɫȥ̧ͷѰʡ
ѰصȷˣҲȥ̽
ñ¶()ݣֲڱֲǱǸˣֱܴӻĵƻ취ȥˣһЩ
ͷţ㾡졣
ͣʱ䣬㶼õϾ͸㡣ѰԼǰۻۣҪ
ЦУֻҪã⼸ķͰ()ˡ
ٷôҪ(qng)ֱֵ̫ˡ
ѰĸǣȻڵһǵ˵׵ľѡ
ѶǣȫǸɷǡ
ϢСʱʱһѰһš
ҽԺߣ͵Ȳļ߿׷׳ҽԺ
ԭҪʰǵģҲ˵(qng)ԾͷǽҽԺˣ˳˼ߵļߡ
ֱӽ¥֮Щ߾ͶŲһģ׼úõĺһ
žͷֲԾˣΪЩ˵(qng)ԱȰ˺ܶࡣ
֮ǰһ()ϵŧˣ()ȫŧˮȴŧˮˣǸоŧ׺СһЩ
Щֲһļߣ״ϲĿֱ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1240.1240 ҪЧ

1240 ҪЧ
ֱһɼҰŵļ߾֪ˡ
ҽԺֱðɡһҪ
ֱļȴ˸߲ҵ˵Ǵģֱܼ֤Ч
Ȼ㿪ҪǰֹߣܰűµսŽʿƲ߹˸
ֱļ߾ߵǰɷá
ǽҽҩ𣿡
ɷõĲŧ׿ȥأȴѵ¶Цݣˣ֮ǰ˵ˮҩ֭ǺȣŹûãʧ
˭뵽ҩһСʱ֮()ϾȻˡ
һ䣬֮ǰ̫ˣֲȥץŧƵĸ죬ȫ
ҩ󲻵()ϲôˣŧ׶ƣ֮ǰƵĵطҲģЧһĺá
˵ҽ֮ܳΪǶ֪Ҫôлˡ
ܿȥɷ⼸ˣǻﻰⶼһĳҩЧ̫ˡ
ֻ߲¥Ĳ¼ֱ¥Ĳ(qng)Ҳȥ
ھͷǰЦսᣬŴѾҽҩЧźܿ첡ȾܽԴҲҪٿֻţҲҪپ׽ⲡҽоģҾȴͺá
ҲҪҥ嶯(qng)Ҫҽս˧
ֱԱƬЧȻҪϺܶ࣬رϳɼҰżĵЩ˿ƬٶԱڵ(qng)Ϲۿһѡ
찡λҽҽҲ̫˰ɣȻĿס˲(qng)
ԭĿˮֱҩĺҩ֭֮ǰòףֱͨЩ˵(qng)ҾԼ۽̫СˣҽǸ
ǰû뵽ҩ֭Чҽ治ս˧ҽôͿ˲(qng)ò˶ʱܳ׽Դˡ
֮ǰҽҽȻˣҲĸ(qng)Ը
Щ˺ܿ쿵ǵĲԴ⳹׽
֮ǰֵжڶľжߡ
(qng)Ļ̻̣˴֮࣬˽Ҳ
ʵ˵ҲЩ˶԰˵ĻеΣĵĲһغ
ҪЧЧӦ˫нڵ˵ڱס
()

1241.1241 Բʲô

1241 Բʲô
ֱļ߽ҽԺ(qng)ȥɼҵļ߰޲ѣ鷳ˡ
ҪҽԺıߣ˾˽
ЩһӵϵΧȥ
һɼļָĶʣҽҽԺĲ(qng)⣬᲻ǻع֣ⷵ
Ŀ⵭Ƴһۣҵҽ߲ϣЩ˿
ǼڨڨЦЦҵȻû˼ֻҩЧ̫ˣ̲סʡ
Чʱ죬˵Ҷ֢ҩˣǲͲ˵
ĿһỳĲҪˮȻڵĿֻš
û뵽Ȼ˵ôֱף߿ɻֱء
ҽҿû˼ôҵķѵˣ
Ϭʣҽ㵽ûоԵİճ׽Դ⣬ЩĻ(qng)
̧̧°ͣȫ()ͷһŵҫ۹ʣҵȻаգͲվҲῪƲ(qng)ҩ
ļ˵֪Щ˲ϣԴϣκЩˣҲȡҲ£һҽβҸġ
Щ˼˶һ֪Ҫô޹ꡣ
ң()ܹܿȥŽһ죡ֱͷ΢΢һЦ
ҪΪ˿鷳ǲҪšҪ㻹ʲôɵģô˵ٶҲûãǿԸ˵(qng)ʵ˵
˵겻ߣܵ˿·˽ȥȻΪ˿
ʮĵİѯʲ(qng)Ҳֱ
Ҳдˣһ¾ͷӦĻ
ԭ˲Ҫҽ⣬κϵĻߣѹϵŶһƬرȥĺԭ()ı
ߵ̫ˣϣҽβһʵҲ⣬ֱǸö
ǰ϶Ļڮҽģ̫ˡ
ҽΪô޹һֱЩ˻ҪͼӸ
ǿҪսŽ߿ȥʣԲʲô񣡡
ԶԣץѶ˵˺ǵйء
нȥɷò⣬ҪڮҽļҲһѶҪⲻˡ
()

1242.1242 òʵ

1242 òʵ
ֳһƬвٴ˳ֱӺս˧ϵˡ
ϵĹ岻٣ֻβڣǵʧܲأеļ˴ˣԪˡ
ҲǶĻʮʹޣֱһǾͽһԹЩ()ϡ
ҲϣսܹڳĻֵ(qng)ҪǽץҲܽ
Ϊ߼һ飬ǵ(qng)ת˲٣ָ˸ҩҽҩǷá
뿪ҽԺսӪء
ǹİɡѰס棬ʱͣסŲ˵
֮ǰˢˢնˣֻϴŤתһ࣬ڶЩ߲˺ܴķӦҪսץĻ֡
ЦЦǰҹġ
Щ߸ָʹˮҪñ׼
ͨЩߣ˵ս˧ڳһЩɼҵϾڳɼǵһǵŵĸӹ壬Ǹܡ
û֤ݲȥܵˣȴԡ
ԽԽƻˣѰ֮ǰС(qng)ֶΡ
һۣлǣлл
ˣϼһͣ˵
ѰЦ⣬ãǰûԹġ
ţһдôķϣ׼ʱӭĿζ
ڶһ磬С()ࡢϺȡ()㣬ѰǸ()ʳʮֵ⡣
ȥҽԺ֮ǰ˵ģ()ϵŧ׽ıȥеĻˡ
ֻֻĸԻ޷Ϊ
ڶмɷãܰŵģɼҰŵѾ˽ץȥʣΪ֮ǰ̵棬ץûзˮ
ʱͱȥˡ
Ų()ϵŧ˺ܶ࣬һѣҽƳ磬һֲ⽫׽ϣ
ǳɼҵլɼ(qng)̲סϵĻƿƷȥ
ôģҩȻܻƸȾôܣڻЩţֱƵҲˣ˲òʵ
ӣҲǳаţνĹҽˮƽĺܺá
ɼɫѿӲͷƤһѾҵ˲Դ
()

1243.1243 ϶úû

1243 ϶úû
ɼ¶Ͳŵɫ
ʲôҵ˲ԴҡͷܣԲܡ
С˵Ϣ˲ϣսŵ˶ڻѰֻҴ󲿷Ѿҵߡ
ǻûǹɱ˺ܶʵһѾ֪˲ԴֻΪδȫ꣬ûйϢ
Ҳ(qng)⣬ֿ˲ĲԴǸηֵģ
ɼҼ̲סվ()ʲôжˣ
ͷǱ߲ȡߵıܴʩûϢ
ҪڼϴĶǶ޷֡
һڵսŵһֱռֻʮ**֪Ҫøⲡҩ
ɼһŽǰ߷ɫ()˼㣬ôǸѾͷҽֵز
Уô콫ˣǵļƻȸı䡣
ԤòȾһʮǷ()ҲҪάϵʱ䣬ʱҳһţսǱߵעŻᱻȫȥ
ùǲȻɴս뿪ǰͼ
ڰµʱ䶼ûУһ˲Դ⣬սǱ߿϶ڳ鲡Դ˭ͷŵǾͲôģĶˡ
ںܶͼѾӶᣬҪѰһûбֵɲףǿɲ뱻һ
滹һνĹɷ洫ϢҪ˵ߵ֮вûеĲϣôˡ
Ҫô죿սǱ߼ȻѾôĶ֮ǺֹͿҪ¶Ϊѵ˵
ζܱ¶ǽΪʸ֮رôˣڵŭԻἯе()ϡ
ɼо()ǻСǸѾͷ֪˷ǵķɴ
ȥɱɡԭλãζôóⲡҩҲסŪ
ü˵սǱ߶ıȺܴǲ׽ӽ
Ҫܵı´ɱѶȿɲһĴ
ɼҲ֪Ѷȴ󣬱һӵĻ𣬡ѶȴҲȥ죬ȻǵļƻӣԲ(yn)ġ
оʦȥҲܲԼоôĲҳ϶úûġ()һЦ
һеЦǼӢϵȥ
ʦȻŵģȴǴӵһǵŵܲģΪư˭ôȥɡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1244.1244 ̫

1244 ̫
緹Ҳģ˵(qng)ѾƣûȥҽԺǵսǱռĻȫ
극ѰյһϢζĿҪԸˣ
̨һҡɹ̫ǲԸҲء
ȵľǶԷѾ˳ˡ
㲻ҪôԸ𣿡Ѱ°Цʡ
˵˰ɱңֳɹʲߣϾҵ˺ܶࡣ
׵Ŀ()͸ˣҿסսӪصģǾŪʮ׹Ҳǰ״϶ô˷ѡ
˵ҲǿܻʦԸҡ
ôߵƻԷļƻһŭԷҲϣԷܽʦ鷳
ǰʰǱ̬иսǰĻᣬǴ鷳
Ѱ㶣Ȼܲ³
ŮǴ˾ȣܲ³
Ҫ³𣿡ƳƳ
ѰһҭҲܲ³ǰʮĳš
()ʱ䣬ż˵ĴܸС
׼ôӦԣѰȽϺ
գգۣſͺˣ
ֲֻһ˻涾мƲƲ졣
УҾͿôӦˣʱɱҰæҿɲ֡Ѱʶʦ֪Էɲ־ҷ
ȻܲʵʱʦѾȥɼҹȴҲ˵Էöŵܲʦǰ塣
֮ǰֹ֪̽˽Ĳ٣ȴû涾˺ڴ
Ŀ˿˭ҪˣҪǶԸ͸óȥˡ
㣡ѰǵһαôˣҿҲһʦ
ˣҲΪܰңúõĿžС
ãʱɱңѰҧгݵ˵
Ů̫ˣвŮ
˸˵Ƭ̣ÿķš
ɫ̫ãʣʲô𣿡
ҽˣܼе˵ҽԺԭѾָ˲ٵĲˣ֪ΪʲôͻȻһĿ°ĭ鴤жһ
˻ҩ⣬ǿ϶ǲŵģҪ鷳ȥҽԺ
()

1245.1245 

1245 
ѾµԷĶʦţȴû뵽Էô񶾣ȻЩ޹Ĳ¡
ɫеĳ˳ߣȥ
ȥҽԺѰȻҲȥˡ
ҪǲΪЩκõĻ׵ҪһˮѰ()ߵ
ţ֪뽫ҵЩ˵Ĳ״ҵҩϣٽŪѾʼĵ˿϶ֻֻսҲ
ôĻЩ˻ܵۡ
Ѱͷͺã
ܿ죬ͣҽԺſڣ첽˽ȥ
ҽԺʱ˿ֱˣһɻߵִ
ûЩˣߵһµǰ˰
ȻóΪܿԭڳ鴤°ĭĲˣ(qng)ȶ
Ժǰ̲סʣҽôˣ˵ǳҩĺ֢ã𣿡
ҪǺҩĸãôͻȻأ
վ()ʣǳʲô
ԺЩӦҲ֪
ʳжˣǳԵķһݹڴɨɨֽ˼ɫֲ
ʳжôܣǵķǼŶ˳ԵġרŹҽԺڵĲɫѿ˵
ûԣȴþû⡣
ǽ˳Եķһݹ֤ǿ
ҲûйͣΪصĲģȶǵĲ(qng)
ҲæģҸҪʲô(Ѩxu)λ˱Ƚ϶࣬æǿպѰ˵
պó֮ǰҽԺõĽ룬ԥԸΪһ˿ʼ
Ѱóûж۵״żȻȥΪЩơ
״ҪǾҪೢԣβ˾õ
⻰ѰΪһ߿ʼġ
æµܾ˸ڲȥȡ˹
߷˻ûȡм˽
Ժ˵ҽҩ˸ãЩ˳鴤°ĭ(qng)ԽԽˣ𣿡һǰûͲŸԺ
ǻֱģʽµľǲɷá
ֱĻ˶ܿҪǸǣǾ֤ҩˣҪĽ
()

1246.1246 ڹǿɲ

1246 ڹǿɲ
ЩĪʻļߣһ㶽˲ˡ
Ըʵô£ôЩ˷Žˣ
(qng)ҪǴãпźʹ鷳
һε˵ǵѾˣɲ֪ΪʲôЩȴͻȻ赹ˣԾ˿ӡ
ﲻ֪ǶԷ壬ȥ˻ðɣ
жˣߵҽ鲻ʲôҾܹҪҽȥæˡɫ̫õĵ
ܵɫЩµĶ
֪˺ǵ˾жˣڿֱҲץˣָҪһǡҧгݵ˵
ץһЩʣû뵽˼֪ġ
Ҳ֪ڲڶʧȥģٸĻ˺ˡ
ȿҽôоץʰɡ̾˿
ٵͷǣ
߸ԺɷãƵĲУҲ̫ҽǱΪƣɡ
ҪƸ治֪һ˵鷳
Ƿ·ſһæܹȥΧͬ⡣
ͷģûзָһʲô֤֤ǳֵ֢״Ǻҵҩµģ
Ŀǰû֤ݣȴںҩ󲻾þͿʼˣôҲòϵƽ˵
Цһⲻǵƶ϶ѡ
̧ͷĿϬƾԼƶϾҪҶˮΪԼǷٲɣ
ҪβˣǲҪһҸǽͣ˵꣬ߵһԱ߼ġ
ֻڵˣֱĻǰĹڶ֣ĹˣȫŻºͳ鴤˵ƺá
Ϊ֮ǰ(qng)Ҳ¶ۣЩ˵Ĳ(qng)أ׺ҩûйϵ
Ƚصȫһ飬ͣ
ʱսŵҲӺڲǱߣ˽˷õķˡ
߹ȥţǷ(qng)Ϊ˽ķɵġ
ڲɫõ˵ҽҩ˸õµģôָأڹǿɲ
Щڸղţһһ飬ûʲôҪǲţٵڼһͺáߵ˵
()

1247.1247 û뵽

1247 û뵽
ڲߣеŭαװ˵֪࣬Ҳŵġ
û˵ж
ָָ̧֮Զŵļֲ⼸Ҷǲǽģ
ҶЩת䣬˵ж(qng)ôһתֲϡ
һôʣ˲֮ǰĲԴ⡣
źڲʵҽ
ڲҲЩĪʡ
ȥ˲飬ܿ˵Щ辰ȷʵǽģ˵оá
üȾࡣ
߹ȥһһһ辰ֲȻõڡ
ܿһž״СԲ˳ûж
ڲ״ȥ⣬Žü˵ʾȷʵж
ʳ˷жʲôϵ벻ͨ
͵մȾҶϾͻڳһж壬ǽʳﳳҶˡ
һմȾҶˣͻܴȻʹҲжԳԽȥ˾ͻܿ鴤Ϳ°ĭȲ֢
һ룬ǿʼǲʳ˷֮ûж÷ġ
ǵĲ(qng)(qng)һʳҶ˶ˣ(qng)ͻز١
ķһ¶ˡ
һձιĲ˵ҽԵҶ˺ܶ࣬ȥһ͸оˣԭжˡ
֮ǰҲΪǺҽҩº֢ģھϻģΡ
ʿҲӦ˹ȷʵǳ˷֮ſʼġ
һתתʣǳ𣿡
ʿʵͷҲˡ
Ϊʲôûж֢״أɵ
ڵΪڶǱڱȽϳ()ʱܿ죬رЩڻвһմȾͻС
ֻҪٳҶˣ¶ӣȻûˡ
ȻˣھͿ϶д涾أǿԳѪ¡
ܶԸԺʹһԸԹȴûз֢˳Ѫ顣
˵һڶͬĶأֻǲء
ǻʲôҪʵһ(qng)ǾȻһʱ֪ˣȻˮǺˣȲҪЩˣΪβżߡ
()ð亹û뵽ôص¶λҽڵһʱƽ
ֱͷҲÿֻź͵ģһὫ¶֮ҳġ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1248.1248 ҵҽ

1248 ҵҽ
ֱƵۿڣҲû뵽Ȼģ֮ǰʵЩõҩ⡣
ԭĻָɵģֻҪЩҪҽˮټˣֱɥĲ
Щ˵ôôأҪҽһ¾ͿǵİϷڹ͵ˡ
֤ҽҩ⣬˲Ͳ˼϶ȻĻ̻̣ⲻЩ˵⡣
̫ɶˣǶʦҲǸÿͷŲẦô
£ҽڣЩ⡣
Ҳû뵽Էĵӻô󣬾ȻݺҪ֮ǰԼʶҪҩˡ
˭뵽˻ֲ辰ʳ춾غˣߵҽôֺܷͼ
߻ڿֱ߹ȥžͷ˵λҽѾҵ˲Դҵ˳׽ⲡİ취ֻҪҩڱ˻·ϣǲûĻء
ȻԷ˸£Ѿ֪£ԲҪֹҽˡ
֣µĶžͷ˾񣬡Ǳ֤һᱣҩҽüв(r)
Ҳ߾ȫȥץĻ¶ĺ֣
ܵĻڳҽ˺Ƶǰ˶¡
쾹Ȼҵ˲ԴҽٶҲ̫˰ɡ
ЩҽͶʦôʱ䣬һûУɷҽһʱ䶼ҵˣҶ֪ҪôԼ(qng)ˡ
ҽ̫ϣҽ̫ţˣ
̫ˣҵԴܽó׽ҩҲͲΣˡ
ҵҽ
һƬٸδȾȴѾϵˣѡ
һʱ䶼Ļ̻̣ԼڵһСľˣҳ˲Դͽ֮ڿ˯ľˡ
ԭ׼лȫ͵ٹΪ˰ֻܹˣȻЧҲǺܺõġ
ֻЩģս˧֮Ǳ˼սӹȥ͡
ҽԺڲ֮ǰ˵뱻ڹڻʲô˵ֲ辰ʳн쳴ҶˣɶǺڲŵġ
ڲֻβҪý()ϸҳ߻ϻˣֱ¶ô죿
()

1249.1249 ˰

1249 ˰
ڲͷ󺹣֮ǰҩǵķϡ
ԴǼҵĶ˭˸ת
ھȥ鵽˭⡣
ڲ˵ȥ˭Щֲ辰Ūġ
Ѿ鵽ˡ֪辰ȥˣɫЩףǺڲһ鳤ȥץѾʧˡ
ˣڲ໰ˣ˾Ⱑ
ҽھȥ飬һһӲͷƤ֤
ȻǸεĿ˵ҽԲ֮ǰ㣬Ǹ
óװӣͷҽĵǸֲ֮辰ǻٷŽ
˵ʳҲòһûʲô˵ĶϸһЩ
ãһϸڲͷ
̲ܵסǰҽսӸղſڵ˶жˣܲ鷳æڵϢʼȶҲ½
ص콫̧
ȻɨɨڳһȦܵһ¶˾ʱҪκ뿪
£֮ǰ¶ǺڲʧǸˣѵҽʲô
ûϸʣԥ˵ã˷ҽԺ
Ǽ߻࿴˿һվʣʲôʸǳȥǿ˾ļߣɲʲô¶ġ
԰ڲŽЩ˿жˣǻҪȥأǲǵɡ
˵һַȨģ
ܵ˵ǣⲻ˰ɣҪſ
ߣھͻ¶ôղһսĽʿжˣ
˵仨ûãѾ˴ȫɣڲߣһỹҪǻȥʡ
ЩͻȻ⣬ûô´࣬ʺҲ⡣
ҽЩ˽ӶҪˮǾǲ档
㲻Ҫȥսŷͥǡһ߷ŭޱȵ˵
Цȥ棬ִǶˣҪǲ֤֮׵ģȻǡ
ڸұ죬ҽβŶµʹһ
ܿ켸ʿ߹ȥΧһǸҶץģ
()

1250.1250 ô⣿

1250 ô⣿
űûٷһȴűԩί
ڵһ㶼ˣǿɲɵӣЩһٶϷŪꡣ
ֱһƬ׷֧ܺúýЩʣȻ˭¶ˡ
ֱļ߸û뵽ôʱ䷢⣬Ťת棬֪ǾͲֱˡ
صֱȴʱ̧ͷǼȻԼԩģֱͱˣһһ¶֣һࡣ
Ҫóɼҵ˿ھԵǰʲô()ıƶǰ״
Ҫܴ̼ԷɳսӵɱǾ͸ˡ
ԭ׼üֱ߽˵ģȻǺѶô˵Ǿ
ȥֱùȻηжˣǺѶʲôģЩˮǿɲӡ˵
߹ȥֱ˹֮ٻ㣡
Ҫֱļ߱ޱȣ
һֱڹ۲켸ˣж͹ŽĿƿ
Ϊ˰˰ǶжˣҪǲƵĻͻ˯ȥ
ҽܽⶾ𣿡ܽŵʡ
ͷܣжʱ䲻ҿýֱӽ((Ʊ))ٳԵ嶾ָܻ
̫ˣ鷳ҽˣڶҽķˡ
óΪһƣҲæҸĵ(Ѩxu)λԭ
պ֮öѧ㣬һǰó롣
ѰСɱˣ¹ɾûоȹˡ
֮ǰΪģŶԷٳ鴤Ҫģ˵顣
ڵûٿܣóķԸʼġ
ж˲Ǻܶ࣬˻˰Сʱʱ䣬ͽ䶾ȫ((Ʊ))ָȻƽų
óǰƵ嶾裬պι¡
һֱڲż˵꣬ԭѾϵһĻֵڳҽǶľѡ
ⶾô⣿ʲôҽҲ̫ˡ
ֱƵǰŵҲǴûм˭ⶾβġ
رǼȥĽʿڷҩ֮½۾ѹҸǾ治ѡ
ֶҽԺƵĻóⶾҩҲҪſѡԺҽٰŰɣǳϿҵʵޡ
ûмĶأҪýⶾҩҲ֪ҪòУû˵
()

1251.1251 ûô

1251 ûô
սж˷׷꣬ڵĶѾȫų()ָܻ
ôҶҽӿ϶ΪֱҲһ¥
ж˵עúϢȵˮ
˶ʮָмõģллҽˣ
ЦЦȻĿŵǼ()ϣǾ£˭¶ߵɡ
ǣЩɫ˽¶˿ɲǣԩˡ
߹ȥô޹
ָָ̧һȥûдڸеӣλߣ鷳𣿡
˿ȥһĲɣһʵ˵ĸо
ĪָָԼ˵ң
԰ͷЭһ
һ((Ʊ))ģֻд£Ҳ᣿
߹ȥһΪǸԱء
ζЦױĻϧȴʾһĺ()սթСˡ
üһ()ɷƣ֪ҪˣŻôصɷҪǽͽͣ
վע⵽ˣȻһֱڼСڸУ()ɢɷȴŨֻ˿ѡ
Ҳαװҩֺ֮С
ô˵֪ΪվԱߵļ߶ĪһԾĳź˺˼
һŵģ˼¶ˣԩˣҾǸͨļ߰ˣֹҿɲ
ν඼˵ģʲô֤𣿱ʵǾ۸ˡһԩ֮ķŭ
ȥ(ͦͦ)ô£Ҫû֮ǰ(qng)ڳ˶϶ʵˡ
֮ǰ̵棬ǶԾȥ
սŵγһΧȦ
ЦУȷʵ޷γ֤ݣҲûͶ϶¶ˡ
()ϴһҩζִĴָָ׸ŵҩôأ
ָ˵Ҫ֤׵ģͽָҩۿٳǲжٶԱº֮ǰսŽʿеǲһĶ
ʱҶӵָȥȻĴָָ׸ǵɫҩ۵Ĳ
Ĺ۲ǿ()ҩζȴŲ
ܿԷָ׸ĲﳹĻˣȥָķĩȡ飡
ǣ
սʿǰԭȥʵӣͻȻ¶һЦݣ㻹мˢӣҪץסҿûôף
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~Ӧǰ˺賿~
()

1252.1252 Ҹı

1252 Ҹı
˵֮ͻȻ̧һֻ֣ܾͿʼһЩɺɫҩۡ
оĶأһմȾӾͻҿôȣôץҡ
˵()϶һ֣ȻͳŴſڳȥ
ã˻Ǻڰϵߣ㿪
Ľ£֮ǰΧҪץӵսŽʿǱһɣͻȻر˸ɡ
Ӷһ˲;òãһʱʩչľϵ۳һ֣Ӹȫֽȥ
ҩȫ˹ϣû˵()ϡ
ȴѾɱʿҪ嵽ſڡ
Ҳѹҹ()ԭܵĵơ
ҪȥͻȻȦ׹⽫ŷסײȥ󱻵˻
һֱվ˳˾°ɣ
()Ҳߣϵͺڰϵ棬ϵܿƺڰϵߡ
¶һ֮ɫΪǹϵ߾סң
˫̧һĺɫƴ˰ɫȦϡ
ҾͼԭȶİɫȦһıɡ
ɫҲ΢΢һ䣬ʮߡ
ȼǺܸߵĴˣҪ˲Ǻڰϵ
ӴʱҲˣЦ׼ȷ˵ʮһˣûҵĶ֣
ת()ȻŪֱ˲ж۾Ѿͷ֮ǰС㡣
ҾͿܺľ֮Щλ
ڳ˶ŲѣóµĶ۲һ˿ܾͻ
ȴֻˡ
ɫѿ˼㣬ϻܣץ
̫СҵˣӿЦˣȻˣҾ档
ԭ׼ȸɫŪ㣬Ҹıˡ
ָָ̧ȫΪɡ
˵ĹȦҪһܱ꣬Ȼʱ߲ˣֱ¶ˣôͽɱɾˣҲûаһˡ
ɱ˻ףӿһڡ
𾪵ǣ̧ǰһɫУڱ˽ȥƬ̺ڵϣȴӿݵıˡ
ֽǺɫһƣܵĻ˲䱻׾һıΡ
()

1253.1253 ν

1253 ν
ڰϵܴҶȴûпͷŹΪ̫ϡˡ
һ˶𾪲ѣԭѾܹɻˡ
ӵҲˣͬû뵽һôˡ
ڰϵܵˣɱ˵ȴ̫ˡ
Ǳģôɡ
ȴڴʱˣܼɶؼӳ֣ԲôҲһֱɡ
Ҿ˵()ôйҩζԭԼѾһҩˣöҩӳǿԼܣȷʵ
ǿ϶ģ˲ֻԱ˺ݣԼҲ(ͦͦ)ݵġ
ԭɫһ٣ȻܿٴС㣡
͸ȥˣһĶʦ͹ˣҪִˡ
ʧЦô϶Լɱң
һƶסģҳȷʵҪҶֵĻǾ͵
㲻Ǹ˵ҽĿжʲôҽȷʵŶⶾմһ֮ھͻƾƼˣ
ԣҪҪΪǵʱ㻹ʱȻܰɡ
ϲ˼ѡϴһҪʯͷԼĽŵֻҽڿҪһ䣬ղŲֱ˿ɶڿѡأȷҪ˿ȥ
һ˵Ļֽߣôôݶ޳ܵأҪʵôǿҪô죿
ΪױʴҲѸٵĴ洫˳ɫ˳
ǵһôֵˣҲ̫ǿˣսʿöԷû취
ֻתͷҽô죿Ҫȷߣ
ôˣҪǶжȫǵ˾̫ˣоͽ˷ߣ취ץ
δشӾЦŲѵ˵ڿɲǷŲҵ⣬Ҳ׼Źǡ
ɫһ䣬Ϊɱǣߵ
Ѿս˧Ϣܿͻսӹ֧ԮףͲô׻סˡ
Ӳм˵лս֧ԮѵҾûУ
ֿζЦνˣľϵܵľҲҪһǣлһ
()

1254.1254 ԭô棿

1254 ԭô棿
һƶ˶ģЩ
㵽ţ
˵֮ľϵ۵Ĺ֣ɺɫҩȫһ
Ŷÿռڸ˺һѷ죬ҩȫ˽ȥ
һ֣Ŵҵľϵ̼ʧ
ⲻͽ𣿼ȲжֲҵһɷƵʼ硣
˲ˣŵĿ㻹ǿռϵߣ
űӵĿ˵԰û˽㻹ɱңܲרҵ
㣡һҭûȻûȥϸ˽
Ҳɼ˵ȻһҵµĲԴܲˬԹ׼ȥ
˭Ů˲ֻľϵܣпռܡ
ܵȼҲʮˣĿ()ʡ
򲻿˺ռ䣬Ҫռõ²ſҲҪʮߡ
˲ôе
ռܺľϵȷʵѾ˫˫ʮҲѰĹףҩǺܴġ
Դȥ˵һǵʦ֮츳ѣܿʹһڶʦӱǵһ˷
()ϵƤͻȻɫȻúڰϵ۳һоͳȥ
ҽСģܵ˾
пˣҪǱմȾҪġ
Ѱ˼ĿŶԷУûжַζĿ
֪ܽܲܣŮҪû᲻Լ
ɫŴݲȣڶԷٽֱ̧˺һռѷ졣
һ¾ͱռѷ˽ȥʧӰ١
ڳ˶ˣԭô棿
Ҳ㶣Ȼû뵽Ȼ˺ôĿռѷ죬ı׻⡣
ƲƲ죬Ҳô
ЦЦĿȫ()ιɶˣҪÿúͽݻҩѹƣȷԼϵȥҩҩ
㣡Ĳ˲Ѿͷˣ
һֲ̫õԤУſڵĹȦѾ꣬ԥĳ˳ȥ
˶Σ֪Ȼϲöĥˣ()ȴǸģ˵һʱѡ뿪
ɽڲûգȻȥ֮һɱġ
()

1255.1255 ׻Ŷٵƣ

1255 ׻Ŷٵƣ
ӸоһѹöᱻԷ׵ҳΪĺڰҲԷĿռܿơ
ѾͷȫԼģһȥ
ţնҲӦ˷Ϣ
״һĻȣòôܵء
׷һʱҲ˳ȥ
ԭڴ㶵ܵҲӦ˹׷
ͬʱһ˳ȥѰŲԶֺϵĿռѷ죬Ů˵׻Ŷٵƣ
Ҳӵпռܣֻ۳ɿռйȴ޷˺ռѷ졣
оõԼĿռܱĵȼҪ߳һЩõ̶ȴûǿ
Ҳ߳ȥҪץסʦ
ʦҽԺĴźһ׹Ӧ˽ȥ
죬ٶ뿪˵
ǵŵĻսʿʻܣԱðһӻ׻͡
ʦԳɼ˵̫ҪˣȻԸӦû⣬ɻرԷһ
û뵽Ȼˡ
Է˻ܣս˧Ǳ߹֧ԮĻսӻδ˻׼ʻ׷ȥͬʱ巢Ϣ
սڲԶյϢ˻ףٶȽء
ǵŵĻٽ()Χȥ
սʿ˲˳ڵʲôˣÿǾͲˣ
صսӣγʮףµľǱʱ䣬ս˧Ǳߵ˸ϵ֧Ԯ
ɵӻﴫ˳ȥҪôҵ뿴
ʵҲУ׺ʦ¾ͿԹˣЦЦ
ΣսʿŭˣȥͶԷ˼ڡ
ȴݵĶ˹ȥŶԷĻ׿
ҲѸٵĽսһ
һӺʻĻ׳
ûмսǴӻﴫ˳Ȼ󽫹óڲԶ
ͷĬʮ㣬ͨѶ๵ܴͨ²µԷ˼
ͷսǼһ˲ĴͺԥǿĻ
׵Ĵϸһȼͻĳֱֱĳһȥ
Ŀɿڴģܵڻ𹥻ֻЩˣ˵ϡ
ðŻĳȴĽĻսʿʦֱӱ¶˴ǰ
~
()

1256.1256 Ů˷ô

1256 Ů˷ô
˵ڳŵˣսʿͶʦɴ۾һŵģ
ˣǵŵսʿӦٺͷսӹ׷׳˶ȥҪ˾ߡ
ɴʱٴ𣬺ܿһһ׳˴͵(qng)ڻ𹥻
ȴûֻý׵λãжҲ̱
ŴٶȣͬķΧĻȫ̱
ҲøܵȫˣҲ̫ǿˣǵһθоôһ
֮ǰȻ˵ܹӰսʿɻЩ̫ţһһ
Ҳ̫ˣսʿҪǾ˿һ
ȻҲҪϵǰףֻӰ죬⵹սŵĻսʿûôɵ
ֱĽʿҲڵһʱ˽ô͵ģ¼˽ȥ
٣̧˹ȥ
ĿſڻʦЦЦ𣿡
ѾͷҲŹģͻȻóһƿҩƿӳȥ
зӳһ˲̧ٴ˺ռѷ죬ҩƮɫ廹δӷͱ˽ȥ
ôͲȡѵءĿΪ嶾ؾже࣡
˻ûӦʱóһҩۣʦ˹ȥ
ʶֵ˵ҩۻĸƤϡ
Ҫҩɣһ(qng)ˡ
ЩҩƤϺ󣬾˲Ƥ
õԤУ͵̧ͷʣʲôҩ
ҩ㲻ϲҩˣҲ֮֮()ɢЦ
㣡ɫֺ࣬ľ
Ȼ涾֣ھȻ֪µʲôƽᷢġ
׼˵ͻȻ()ϵϸ;Ǳ˺һ
̲סһҽг
Ѿͷ㵽׸ʲô˫Ŀͨ۵ŤĿ
գգۣȻʹ()Ķҩˣ⻹𣿡
˵ķƵֶͳԷˮһ򵥡
ڳ˿ӵĲ״ֿ˿ЦȻı(qng)̲ס
ԭŮ˷ô
()

1257.1257 ǧҽ

1257 ǧҽ
Щﱻȴǵսʿ״ɵЩͷƤ鱳ð亹
ʲôȻܽʦĥÿ¡
Ӽ˵㲻ڼ涾ţǾԼⶾɡ
ˣһ£ⶾһʮСʱᷢÿζһȫ()ϸ;綼Ǳֻ˺һʹ̡
㻹ʮĸСʱʱȥƽ⣬ǰܰȥĻҺڴı֡Ц绨
һҪܽˣ
Ӵʱȫ()۵÷Ҫ˺ĶУȴΪ
˺ѷεʹУĥҪֱײ
ҲȻôˣͷĳԱߵĻһġ
ȴ֪ҪôһͷſĵױԵͱһɫ˻ȥ
ܳ˲ٵ٣Զγһӣ˽ȥ
ûôסЦݣȴû˿¶ȣô޹ܲĥͥѣ㻹ǻɡ
ô̫ˣõĽ
⻰ڳ˷׷ײɵô˸Ժ˭Уǧҽⶾʦ֪ˣɱ̫ˣ
ȻҲͬ(qng)ˣϾҲ̫ˣô˾͸
ӿռóһƿݸܣ㽫ҩÿһţһܺҲˡ
ҲǶҩսЩʡ
Ц˵㲻ϣֻܹܣڵܾܱѹƣǷýҩָܻ
ûܵļӳ֣()ϵĶȫˣҲǸˣٵʲô
ôһ˵̫ˣҽа취
()ϵҪȡ𣿡˿ʦ()ϵʡ
Ц˹Ѻĵطȡǧɱˡ
һһ̫ܶλʦǲһᣬŹɺ⡣
Ͼսŵˣвβ¡
ȫߣ˻˵
岢ûдӻϴǽսƷߣˣ
()Ѿս֮ˣѸٵḺ̌״׼ߡ
ˣǣ
ڵʦ˵սӣǵµģЩ׾ǵսƷ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1258.1258 Ҫץ

1258 Ҫץ
ܾսЩϤǱͻȻðһ֧רŷǵŵսӡ
ֻû뵽ҽȻЩ˺ϤѹֳֵĻôɺϡ
Ҫǻսӣǵĵ̴ףǾԲܵġ
ȴԸһӣԭսӣˣ
ȻǵػܵģսƷҲӦõġ
лսǽ£ԷڵĻ׿Ц˵
洫ã
Ȼսʮ׾ֱ뿪
սڵ䱸Ѿ˺ܶ࣬һʼcbܻףȫaܻף»ܿ죬ȫǿġ
ⲻܿʮܸˡ
ڷ֮ûкϹϵҲǲóɼ֪ơ
ʦǰ֧ԮǵŻսʿȫסȥ
ܿʦ۵Ťȫ()·սŽʿõ̧ȥġ
˵֮ǰţһ¶˼λʦ׷ˡ
ǻҽԺɣΪ˻ζҩ˵
ܵͷãҽ룡
ܿսŵͣǰһȥҽԺ
ʱһֱֱ˲жֱ
һֱۿֱû뵽ܿһϷһѡ
찡ҽ̺͹۲Ҳ̫ǿˣȻ˵Ķʦôҳˡ
ҳȫƷˣܻ涾ҽ
ҽԸʦʱ˧ղŵٵģȥźԺҵŮˡ
λսӵͷҲôŻĽпƺ˧
Ҳ֪ʲôʻսģȷʵ˧ſᣡ
˵սרŶǵ֣֮ǰһʲô˾Ȼôɸղſ˷ӳ˧((co)co)Ҫջ֮ǰĻ
ҽͷӳʶģս֧Ԯҽģ֪ʲôϵ
ô˵񼫵ĶʦץˣԺӦͣһʱ˰ɡ
ǵģⶼҽ
һƬͷҽսӵһ¥
ǣڿֱĳɼɫ()ī̧((co)co)һʾͽӳƵʾˡ
дôҪץˡ
()

1259.1259 ̫С

1259 ̫С
ԭеúúõĲƻƻǵռƻҲб䡣
ⶼ취ȥսע⡣
ǹĶʦȻô¶ˣ޷ܵľ޴ʧ
ռ͵ļƻλʦռ֮ãڱץˣƻôУ
ȳɼһ֮ͨǰǵĶʦץҪҪӪȣ
ɼЦȣôȣ
սŹѺ϶߼ηǰսפˣܾȳ
ɫҲŤ£˵ĶҪιҩѹܣǻȳҲǸˣαء
ʦҲǺܲģ콫ԼöУ˭һͽԴ˳
νĺڰܵƣĿռǰȫǼߣûκô
֪ôˣֺαǼһȥɱ͵ʴףˡ
ҲһΣ֮ǰǶʦ̫ˣ鷳(qng)һѣƻҲ֪Ҫôı䡣
³⣬ŮҲȷʵаšǲܺ⡣
ɼһ֮ǰ̫СˣԲŻᵼľ棬ôˣ
Ǽ׼ô죿һʡ
ɼһɱ⣬ҾͲӰ켸ʮܻףֻҪû˰æȥ
24Сʱһ뿪սŵıΧսնɱ
ԭҪȰ˵ɿģȥǣȥš
ռ͵ļƻôأǱߵĽ췢ϢѯˡӲͷƤʡ
Ӻ󣬲Ȼô죿
ɼĸۣһ淴Ӧʲôȴʩ߿ܲһʦЭǵļƻҲܼС
ǣסӢɶʦ֧ԮĿ()󣬱ϾܲҲûٶʦɾֻ˵
һߣս䵽һȫҲסʱƵꡣ
Ϊ()ϴ׼ķҩֹۣܷ֮Ⱦֻе߶
Ƶ֮ǰΪѾͣҵսʶǾʱ
Һģûʲôעǣ÷ء
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1260.1260 Ŀе˰

1260 Ŀе˰
ʱԱûУһ˽ȥֵ֮ɳϡ
ϴǷˣװζû뵽Ⱳӻܼʻŷ϶Ա˵
ǣϴ()ԣ˷׷˵
ڷǳ׵ķˣǸôƱûһƱʧԱҲ١
θǣսŵǰܽ׵սƷߣ̫ˡ
ʧЦˣbףǵĿøߵ㣬Ҫʻsߵȼء
⻰ڳ˶סˣĿе˰
ҿϴϴ󣬾ô
ϴҸо̫㣬ǵĿ껹̫ǳˡ
ԶԣǽҪʻsսءsϣǸ롣
սĻάʦ¬ɿһϴĿһʵ֣ǵȽһ⡣
֪Ҫ˵ʲôѾ𻵣Ҫôʹ𣿡
ϴӢ¬ĴָȻϴûнǴˣԴȴȫ𻵣Ҹղſ˿޷ʹá
׷ļûнӴԴϸĿ˿м㼼޷ƿ
˵׵ļֻǺ͵һǵŵоԺУòõҲòˣ㿴ôأ
ŵЦ˵ҼȻ׵Դ٣Ȼа취ָ
¬ɴ۾ϴ˵㻹һʦ
һĽNɪҲǻʦδǰ
׷ļ޸ԴС⡣ġ
Ļڳһ۾
ԭɩôţϴʲôʱǿ¬۾Ǹԣ켼˵֪ʡ
ǰҶɩӺϴɶʱǼһ
ɩӣ
˶ŵùģԷҲûǲѾ𣿡
ˣʲôʱ򣿡е((Ʊ))
¬һ·Ӧ˹ϴɩӲҽɣ
Ůˣòƾֻҽ
һɴ۾һŵģϴ󣬲ҽɣ
ǱԼĲ²⾪ˡ
()

1261.1261 Ȼδ

1261 Ȼδ
̧˴չ¬һ¡
Сֵʲô˼
һŵ۾󣬡ҿϴţ((Ʊ))ҽȻδޡ
ǰҽϴи
ˣǵϴҵż񣡡
Ǵӱ򣬶ĴȻ֪ģҲ
սû뵽ôһŮ񣬾Ȼϴݵˡ
ϴʲôʱõģô֪һʿˮʡ
û˵һûнӶǰˣô֪
ǣϴصҲ̫˰ɣôδޣȻǰܸʶ
ǣϴ㲻Ҫɩӡ
֮ǰϴ˵ɩóԣ֪ûǸմһأ
ҽŮҲ³ܹһ𹲽һͣҶоԲˡ
˾⵽˷һۣţ
ȿȣϴСӡ
ϴδϢǺǼ͸һ
ֻ¬ע˹ؼϣϴ˵ɩӻף
ڱСܶ˶ǸѡĿµʱҲ
֪ҽ⣬һʦݵһ׹˾ĹŴʦΪʦȴʵû뵽Ȼ׻оЩš
年һ˵ǵȻҼľûʲôѧġ
ʶһ׵ˣһĵ֮Ҫܼ򵥡Ŀǵһѧء
¬ЩŰɣ֮ɩӰæ׵ʱϴһ߿𣿡
һۣϻ㵱ȻҪԱ߿ˣԺֻ׵(qng)ͽˣѲɻҪÿζҼޣ
᲻ϱء
һ˳˳ǣϴȻϱֵܡ
ʲôʱɩأ¬˴ʡ
һάʦҲȲʣϴҪɩӿ
˵æŴ(qng)ʱҾæ
ģʱһǹۿġ˵ļ򰲸
ãǾ͵ɩˣһرڴ
ûãյһϢЦŶ˻ӻ֣ȥϱˣϢµ绰ϵ
УϴȥɣҪֱӽɩӴ͸ˣһ˷ܵĶ֡
Ҳ
()

1262.1262 ҾǳԴ

1262 ҾǳԴ
һͷصҽԺҩ˸ģպҩ˺ȡ
ԭҪҽԺĲԣѰ⣬ס
ջصսӪ棬Կ˿ڵͣ³
ͣ򿪳ŶŲԶһϵķ֣

սѥ첽ߵ˳ǰһѣϳ
巴ֽס֣ϳţã
ʻԱʣδ뽫סĵطҪʾ𣿡
ʻԱ˵ھʾ
ն˴һ绰˵ܿ͹ˣ˵ҽδȻܸһȥġ
ãǾ߰ɡͲµֹܲ
ϳ֮Ѱ¶ָӡ
֮ǰͲ鵽һδ򣬺֪˽սӣֻûмˡ
˳úܿȫ()һǿưԵƣЩһ
ȻоѰĴҲڰдԷ
ò()ɢǿǸ򵥵
Ҳ˶ѣ岻ñȶԷֻġ
˶ûк˵Ҳûнܡ
³ǣŷ֣ǵһ¥úŵѰ۾
ʶǵһμɵ׽˭Ϻеůûа˿αװǿ
ĪЩ
˼δޣòҲġ
ſڣ׼ŷţѰ()󿪿ʣô죿ҿɲȥս
תͷЦҼȻӦҪаķˣһ˾ͽ㡣
Ѱޱ(qng)ĵͷУ
ȻߵԶԼķ䡣
ûйעŷ˷䣬(qng)(jn)(r)һ
ɳϣϣΪѰ
Ц̧ڱǰȣҺŵһɴζ
岢ϣͷĴҾǳԴˣ
׾󣡡ЦŶһѣ֮Ϊнġ
ŽѰ֮ǰ̸¸һ顣
ƲƲ죬Ǵ֪ĳպþͲˡ
ȻûдѰпʲôԾĸ(qng)ܾöԷЩ(qng)С
ȻҲûѰǶԼ̫ţ
()

1263.1263 ̼

1263 ̼
Ц˷һѡ
ˣˣŵۣҪԵһǵŸƻҵӴǱġ
ȻЦе˵ڲ˭ҵղ
彫§ĸҵȻ֮׵ģҾǲ̫
һģȻǺϵһǸӣǻǵСġ
ţͺãֵͷȥԲ˵ʲôԵС(qng)ɲӰ(qng)
(r)һᣬ˿ʱ()ȥˡ
Ѿϰ˴֣ǽȥæ
÷֮ñºеֳһݣѰ˹ȥ
ҷϲѰȻöԷһԷ˴Ӱ(qng)಻á
ѰżݹıºУɫ΢΢˳Ĳ涼У
֪ΪʲôûһȥԣĪЩˬ
ϻĲ˶һݣİɣ
һȥˣնϵҲȥҽԺˣҲڷúϢɡ
Ѱû˵ͷűº˺ͽŹ
˸ۣһַ߾ˣúƽϣطͷһ
ѰҲ˱ºУʢһһ˳
˱ǣɲ֪Ϊʲôȴû̫θڣ˵ͷ˿ӡ
ĬĬһᣬӿռóһЩʵģʼʵ飬ǿŷĲŽƽ
ѰҲԴǶʦöٵС
ڷ廳˵֪̼Ѱܷȥоˡ
豸Ƚȫͷ忴һӰ
Ű˵սӵδ޶һܳԾ
̧ͷЦʣΪʲô
Ϊ̫ˣû뵽ҾȻܰݵ֣Цŵͷ˲ıǼ⡣
ҧҧ°ͣǵǣиˣ
Ҳô˵ġ(qng)õȥ
Ƭ̺˲ŷֿ
£֮ǰսƷԴˣʮ޷ʹãҪ鷳ȥæˡ
û⣬Ѿ׼ˡ֪սû˻ף֮ǰѰѾԭǵսƷˮ
Ц˵սӵֵǻرһء
а(r)ײ(r)ͽɡսžͻὫⶾҪҩҹҪæˡ
ã͹ȥ
˳ųսɸ˾Ƶꡣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1264.1264 Ҳ̫˵

1264 Ҳ̫˵
ڶߵս˵ص㱣һ·ǰлսʿб
ѡľƵսӪزԶʮӵ·̡
³Կ˵ȥƵһˣ鷳ſڵȵȡ
ʿѯҽҪǻȥɣ
ǿɶҽģ뿪߷Χô죿
Ц˵ģ˲˺ңһЩԱģ»һʱǡ
ڿɲսŽʿǰ¶ܣ˵ȥģ
֮£Ѱ()ݾпܻᱩ¶򲻿ɵģȻôǵŵĵһϡ
ʿֻ֣εĵͷҽһҪСģ¾ͽǡ
ã
ŷֳžƵſȥ漴Ӷ˶ڼǡ
źͽͷſˣǸղ׽ġ
ʮ**ǳɼҵˡ۾ֿҪķˡ
ЦǰҪٶ͵ͺˣ˶ܸϡ
ЦҲôġ
߽Ƶ꣬Ȼˢˢӭʮ˫˷ܵ۾
ϴ潫ҽˣһ˾ƽ
ﶼ̲ס̾ϴϴ˵Ҫ˴ˡ
ɩӿ¬()Ķһơ
Ҳ׷վ()кɩӺã
£ɩӣ
Ŀɨɨڳˣգգۣòͼȷɡ
Խɩʲô
ЦŽ󣬡ȻûǴ󣬵ȴǵϴԶƺɩֻơ
ʧЦԭ
ͷڿŵɳϣ˸ƷɩӺϣ
ǸմӾƵҵģƽȵĶǾơ
ѡһֹ֭һлл
¬˹ɩӣϴ˵ף
Ȼ¬Ҳ̫Ȳ˵㣬Ҳܺ棬ȫ̧ͷ
·ϾܹˣǱȽ֪(qng)
ȷĵͷ֮ǰû޹b׵ԭҶˣӦ޵ġ
¬ó׵ǺźͰյģ̲ס˵Ҫ޿
¬СӣɩӲأҪϢ¡һ϶Ա¬һۣͷҲ̫˵㡣
()

1265.1265 ϴǺø

1265 ϴǺø
¬εĴ˴֡
ɩӲ˼ᣬһʱ˵㡣˼˵
ЦЦ⣬ϢˣȿҪ޵Ļװɣ㻹(qng)
¬ɩ̫ˣ׵άʦǲקȥ
ЦվǾ̫鷳ɩˣ룡
˼״׷ҪСһҲǶӡã̾ϴǺø
()¬ߵһߣʮ𻵵ףԴл˺û취
ߵһܻǰӿռóרά޻׵͹ߣ𻵵λô򿪡
ߵԱߣô𣿡
һ飬ޣǼã𻵵ĵطܼʹˡ
ζ˵bһײǺ֣Ը졣
ѰһǵųףÿȼƷʡ
b׾ǵ͵Ʒʵģa߼ܻף̶Ⱥ͹ǿЩ
ͬʱaܻ׹ʻλͻ⣬ܹпܻᱻ
b׵ĻһָߵƷʣǾļaܻ׹ӦֻΪϺͼҪ߼ܶƣ١
һ֬ϣռħֲ˲٣պÿϡ
һģһ˰ɡ
ţԣĦȭơ
ĸ첲һ£Ϳ¬άʦһĿԼ
ЦĶģսӵĻάʦ޵ʱǡ
ðϲҴŵ()ӣཻܹͬЦ֣ǹŰɡ
ãллɩӣ¶ϲɫ˹ȥ
ʼԴеķ㣬һŪһ߻ĵĸԭͷ
ĺ棬ʱ¶ԭ˵ģ
ò޸˵ĵطһָ
˲ûȥѧԺרŵĻ׹˾ѧϰֻǱϵѵ࣬츳ڷܺѧյĻǱȽʵģ߼Ļȫ֪ˡ
޸Ҳô׵ģָ£˻ˣжޱȡ
˵޸ģԴ޸ϣܲˡ
¬ͨ˵ã
()

1266.1266 ˣ

1266 ˣ
˵¬˻ףȻ󱻴˽ȥ
˻ĿƳ򣬼һ((co)co)
Ƭ̺ӻ˵Ѿȫָˡ
ɩӣĴָ
ЦˣǽҽǸ׵Ʒʣǲǻᱻŵ
¬Ŵ죬ɩҪ׵ƷʣǻҪӲϵȣ
֮ǰͷĶԻΪֻҪڲ߳û뵽ֱҪƷʡ
ǵһ˵ԭĻϸһƷʵġ
һҲ£Щ̫ţɩӣܸ𣿡
Ծ֪ˣûн˵
ȴޱȵʻ˵ͷϻɩ˵Եľ;ܣİɣúѧ
һ˳˳ǣϴɩòȫԲз۰
ǣǺúѧ˾ò̫ܣȴǺܸӵĵͷ
óϣҪõ֬
ռά޻׵ʦ͵ģҲĿǰΪֹһ׹˾ȽȽģʹܷ㡣
Ҳûв˽һһ߶˽⡣
˲ľն˼ĥ
ɺ֬뵽óһרſƻ׳ڱʼǱն޸˳
趨׳ÿʦı޿Σ޸ı趨ĳѶȺܴڻ׹˾ѧ͸ˣָŹʦѧϰôʱȫա
Ҳڳ˴۽硣
˴ʼΧ˹ۿ˫ַɿ޸Ļ׳һ¶˾̾
ҿɩӺţ((Ʊ))Ȼᣡ
ϻɩӿǹŴʦĵӣ϶ţ((Ʊ))
װһ˵û뵽Ǽ֤ˣҲ֪ܲܳɹ
ȥģģоɹļʺܴ󡣡
ӻûɣ϶ܳɹġ
Сʱȫ޸ɣȻ
ֹʮɣվ()Է˵ѾˣŪֹܣԡ
׵ĸ֣ѣҲֱ¹ܣã
һŲϵʹøѶȶƣ()Ȼ֮ǰȸߡ
ܿͷ¹ܣ((co)co)֮˾ͼ׵˫־Ȼϵȥһ׶࣬˫ŸܹŤ黨һŤ
׵˫ֱĻ쳤ô࣬ȫԳ䲻ٽԷͷԴڣе׼ͷܶࡣ
()

1267.1267 

1267 
׵˫ܹɵŤҲܹʹսʱõıöԷԴڣ䲻߷ɶԷ׵ȡ
ǴҴûмģûԭ׻
¬ʦҲ¶Ŀɿڴȫ((Ʊ))ģ
֮ǰ֪꣬׻׸󣬻()ͷǿȴ֪׵ֽŻܸĳ
ֻˣһ϶Աʻaܻ׶ս
ܿҾͷ֣¸׷()֮ǰǿ˺ܶࡣ
ǿԴȥ֮ǰ׻ǻһЩȥ۵(qng)
Դ䵽ϣ׵һǰȥŷһ£ǾȻǿŻδըԴڵԷŹaܻ׶ȥ
ʻܻ׵˻ûзӦͱԼͷŵԴڷУȻɳȥԶ˲ᡣ
۾ɵٴεɵϴ󣬸о̫˼ˣ۾Լǲǿˡ
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ţ((Ʊ))̫ţ((Ʊ))ˣԭô죬ķ
ô棬Ҳʻ԰
˰ɣҲϴ󣬻ȥư춼Ҳ¹أӦҲǸ((Ʊ))
ս﹫ϵĻ֮((co)co)Ǽսųǿսʿţ
ðɣϣӣȷʵûϴȣȴҲޱȣĻ׼ʻ̫hiˡ
ÿսʿԻ׶һִţ»׶˵޵(i)һĿ
((co)co)һʹӻﴫ˳
˵սӵˣԼ쾪ˡ
رʵ((co)co)̵ܸ鵽ĸս洦ж
ߵǰһѽ§뻳У̫ˣ
о()弡()˷ܣЦıԺһһܣһ޶׸õĳܻס
ܻһоԺ͵һǵоԺʦǣо˵ͻף׺ܻ׵Ľ壬һзɹǽƬ߶˺߼Ļס
ӹʦѰǱ߶˽˲֪ⷽʶȻĿǰз׶ΣȴҵУԼһ
ſһﾡǽЦ⣬صĶͷ㣬ԺҪʻĻǳ󺣡
()

1268.1268 ɩ̫

1268 ɩ̫
ԭھ̾׵ˣͻȻ㲻һĹһЦá
ɷϣʱǶϴĽˣ
о(r)Ŀ⣬˻һ(qng)ķ壬ڶܰɡ
ʱޣҽֻܸܡ
Ц֣û£Ҳ᲻죬۵ۡ
һ˳˳ǣ˷⡢͡ģǵһμô(qng)()飬ϴܲܿЩ()(qng)
Ǹ޿ħЩ()Ľ֮Ľ㡣
תͷ¬ʣ׵Ĳ͹̣ѾˣٸܣϸˣʣµǸ㶨ɡ
¬һͷߣϴϱ⣬Ҳ̫߿ˡ
ȿȣ¬ɿȼǸϴȻһֱѧҪҪļ̫ˣ((co)co)Ѷֻ̫ǿ޸У׻ǵɩӡ
Ǳ֤Ժһɩѧǿ֤
̫ˣɩ̫ˡ
ֻİһۣǾȰʣµԴ޺á
ľ޿ġ
Ҳûзԣ޸ԴвѣǸȼ˵¬ˣʦ˶һ
ʵҪϸ˽ſҲѰҲ޲ߡ
׵ԼѰ˵Ļϴģڳɹˣ˵˼·ǶԵġ
ֻ֬У׾кܴ()
Ҳ˵ڵƬ򣬱һǵŶǱȻģλѾͽϱ걾ѹֳɼôĶʦȥ
ֽףͬ¬˽ָ
ս˹ؿϢ
սﲻǿ(qng)һŸܻף޲ȥ((co)co)һ
˭ûսӵĹػǱȽϸģҶԾء
׵ĹޣҲᵣġ
սӷǶµģȷˣ֮ͳǩ˭˭ãֺڵľֻˣ˭ֲˡ
ɳϢ¬չȥ̸
һЩ׷ĵú¬Ц˵ɩӣҪսӰɣֻܵҽܼλάʦ
ٺЦŲ䣬Ҫܺϴ˫˫ء
()

1269.1269 Բ

1269 Բ
ҪҽܹսӣǾҲˣǵŵĻʱҲС𻵵̫޲á
飬һ۾þ˶ֱ̫ˡ
δ˵ûĵ˵ǣȥȥҼ(qng)أǸҽҽάľȥ͵
ȻϣʱʱܺһģҲ֪Լһֻӥ¡
Ӧȥշ裬罫ȥҩͻ׷洳һƬأǺսĴûĲŻ
(i)ɣʵĺܡ
⻰һᶨᡣ
һ(qng)Ҫ죬ԺлһսӵġҪѧϰ߼ĻҩȣҪǰǡ
ȥѰҰ裬ڲʺϼսӡ
ȽҪѧѧ꣬ҵǻῼǼսӵġ
ڳȻЩϧȴҪǿ
ӭʱӭɩԺǡ
¬Цż˵㲻룬ҲӭɩӾս档
ԶԣӭɩӾս档˵ɩӻó⿣Ҫһٸǳ͸ˡ
Ȼ⻰ɲ˵Իᱻϴ
˰Сʱ˿ʱ䣬Ȼȥˣ
㣡()
˼ͻȻվס˶٣˵Ҳһɡ
붮Ҫжˣ
ͷţӦҪҡ
ܸ֪жٻ𣿡ľҲ˫ss֪ȴûǿ
ʶ뵽ͨssǿϿռܵļӳ֣ܿ;׼׽Է(qng)
֧սӣһ֧ʮ˼ףһ֧ʮaܻס
˹(ͦͦ)ҵġ
ɼһ˺ܴҪɱ򲻿ɳô
˵̸ڳ˶ˡ
ʲô֧սҪɩӣû
ɩ֪ģѵҲǹҽҲ̫ˣ
ɩӣһǵҪ㣿̲סʡ
ףԿҪ鷳һȥˡ
ڰ֣鷳鷳Ϊɩӽ鷳Ǹġ
ԶԣھͳȥЩӴŪ
սĴ˶޵һǵţرǶԷȻֽɩͷϣԲ̡
ֻһ棬׵ľԼõ˷ս˵Ͽɺӵ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1270.1270 սӵĸ

1270 սӵĸ
һ˷׷()Ҫս׼
ЦϣʵҪúллϱ
һ˺((Ʊ))Ŀϴʲô˼ϴҪ(i)
Ǻܴ˵Էô׷ɩӣǽǸɵ׿ɲǵսƷˡ
òĻ׿ԷԺ³Աãȥгۣʽת˾
ǵģβûи򣬶ڱǱ齨繫˾
սӵĸӳܣȥ˾Ҳᱻ뵽սӣͷ()ڲأֱӾսõ˾ˡ
ȱľʽ𣬳ɼҵļǺˣ֪ȱ߼׺Ǯˡ
⻰һ¾͵˶ԱǣһʱӷŭüЦܸһƱˣɲҪллɩӡ
ллɩӣսӵĸǣҷ׷׶Ц˵
ڶԷôףܸܲ㶨ȫڿǵķΧ
ôηԼɩ֮ǰչ¶ţ((Ʊ))ֶΣǶԷҲһš
ȴҪǺܶ࣬Ȳսƻٳȥ
ֻܼԱû׼̡
ãǶϴġһ˶Է֮ô()ս⣬侲ǵĲָ
ϴᱻʤͷԣÿжܻὫõĺͻĶ꣬Ȼ()ս
ģ㽫ǻ׵Ĵ·λ¡صɳϡ
þٴ淽Բڵǵ(qng)նϵ˸ĵͼú̵עȥ
ף̵ܻס
նͶӰܿעĵͼһҼʻ״ͻΧ
ѸٵĹһսԣһһӦİš
ս˧ս֧Ԯͷ嶼ûпǣ˰æôȫսƷ
󣬷ֳߣһȶЩaܻϵ˽Ӱ죬ٶȽǣٶԸף
ϵʱãҺ׶սĸоҪ㲻ڣҲôǸɷԷսɲĵ
ϴΪɹЧӳ֣ǶûкͶԷô־ͽˣÿԽԷĥսӡ
˼ҲúбҪĥսӣãһµġ
()

1271.1271 粻԰

1271 粻԰
һ߳Ƶ꣬һսͣ
Ƶڽֵţɢһ
ս˧սţǳɼˣսŵЩԱûôûйעǡ
ӺǷ׷˻׿ٸں档
ȥƬ̣ͻȻһԴڴǰ()
ʿ()Ǹֱ(qng)һ㶣ŷӦܿĿ˳ķװá
ս˧ɸҲսŷһԴڳϣֻǽը˺һξ룬Ƥ˲٣˶û¡
ʻԱͻȻðļʮܻףɫ˲˱䣬תͷ˵ҽҼʻױսӪء
()Ҳһսʿ䱸ĻףŻ
ЦЦû£ȻǳģǾȥɡ
˵ͷ彻һ񣬾һ𿪳³
ʻԱû뵽ô()ҪֹȴѾˣֻεĴ򿪳ȥѸٳȥ
սһֱűĻսʿҲ׷ΧһȦ
ֻܵʮܻףͶԷܴȥ֧Ԯ
Ҳû뵽ͳȥһˣȻܵǵŵķԷֱʻôǰûгֹ(qng)
֧սǰȥԮһԼһҪסֵǸϹȥ
ͷһ³ǵŵĻ׺ԥľͳǿ
ڵһʱٳȥҲ͵˸ʻԱһ
Էǿ£ݵĶˡ
ܿ죬սӵĶԱҲʻŻǰԮ
ڷĻó٣ܻϵǵ٣һ(())
岻ھܻףûȥǶ()ΧĶԱͨѶԸ
ʻŻ׺ͶԷһʮ
սӵĶԱʮֵĬŷԸ꣬Ǿͼлܻ׵Դ𻵡
ȥܷ޺ʹãǵصҪոס
ܿĻףԱӷķԸл
ʻԱΧսŻսʿȫˡ
һסԷףҽܹ׼ʲôࣿ
ЩðսŻ׿źͣ𺳵ĻǷʻĻס
˭ǣΪʲôһܻܹʮûб٣
粻԰
()

1272.1272 

1272 
ͱΪϵ֮((co)co)ǿɲǴġ
ʮݶȻǷӦǶһġ
ֻһӰӣʮﴩ󣬲ϵı任()λ߶ܻ
Ҳϳʻף((co)co)Ͷ((co)co)׵ǵȫһˮƽϣ׵ŰԷ
սߵĻսʿˣһĿתĿŷĻ׵ըſ((co)co)
ܿ죬ǵߵaܻףȫԴգ»ȫ̱ԭء
ŷָӣΧʮ׽սһ
ǲûǿʤĵʹ˷֮ǰúõսĬս
һʼΪԷĻ̫ǿЩģзڣһİôĿʼӦŤתս֡
ûʹ¼ܣʵǸյֵսƷҪھʩչ϶ǵźսŵĸ߶ӡ
ʱĶ⾫ӢսӷɱϱǾ鷳ˡ
ҿ϶ĸ죬ԻڻǱ¶ʱ
սʻ׵ˣȻҪԻ׵¹ܣķԸסˡ
Ϊɩӵİȫڻһ̣ٺúõĸǵŵɫΪɩ
εսĥսսΪȻЧҲǺܺõġ
ʮܻڷ£ʮӵʱ䣬ûʹɹӳֵ(qng)£ӲĹ˶Էķߣ¡
ⷢһĻϹܵĿãһ¶𾪲˼
ʲôʱҰսôˣ
֮ǰǳϬޱȵƷǵŵĻףΪɹӳ֣ǶսҲûжӡ
ЩȫǿսʤģǿóЩһʼкܴ⣬սļǵԽԽĬʿҲԽԽߣתԷܡ
(qng)ټԷǲųҰսӣо˼ġ
ĿڷʻĻϣ̲ס̾սӵӳǿ((co)co)սҲġ
ĸЩš
ܵͷֻˣ׿()Ļ((co)co)սָҲܿ¡
Ÿ̾ҪûָӺĹǵãսӸһɢɳΪǣȴսսӡ
()

1273.1273 ˵ս

1273 ˵ս
ľӢսӣսʿȫսѡγʻ((co)co)ǿ츳()ʷӦˡ
䱸ҲȫbףȫܺɨڶսӵĴڡ
ҲܵĻвŵ֮ɫþûɢȥ
Ȼţ֪ЦĿ⸴ӵĿڵĻס
εսǺ⣬սʤ̫ˣ˶˹ֽ˲ſʼսʱܶࡣ
(qng)ҵúúõĽǴȥħѵ£˳ǳʧܵζˡ
ͬһˣȴԶʲôʱýʲôʱǫ侲һֱѵͷԺǣᱻʤͷԡ
֪˵ħѵ򵥣ȴ֧֣ţҪʧܵζԡΪ羫Ӣ
صԶأ
崽һȣԽЩɢɳ۳ΪƬǿսӣģ˵ս
ǿԼҷ˫ȥȡ֮ǳһֳ˵ζ
չȥһġ
ס֣ĿƣֻҪһֱ()ߣҾܳȥκ¡
ЦȽ϶(qng)ϣס֣һһֱ()ߵģ
Ϊз()ߣҲͬĺ㽡
(qng)໥ģڸֺγǡ
彫§ڻ£;İ
ܿ죬ܵ˳ǰͷҲûᡣ
ӻﴫȥû¶棬һЩ֮С
ӳּˣڻЦȿڡ
ղŵսԷ˲ɵ
һ(i)֮ģҪܽ˲սţǾ绢
嵭Цã
ֶ˷ӳȻҽҪΣգǽΪܵͷô˵ȫǹҪһ(qng)
ȻҲʵսӲʱ֣ǸϹѾˡ
岢֪Ҫ˼ȴ̫սŵ̫ˡ
ˣҲǾҽҺʶӦõġ˶Էͳ(qng)
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~
()

1274.1274 һж

1274 һж
ȻЩôϵܣȴҲϲǿˡ
Ҫ׼˵һսǻ¾ȸˣҽ鷳ǰȫͻȥ
ҲмΣҪϱȥҪڵģһҪıǿǡ
ЦЦӳ㣬ʱٽд¡
Ц˵ã
ȻսӵѸȥ뿪ǰǵսӵĻ״ߣսʿҲǸ˳
ʮٴαߣʮaܻףܶЩۺơ
ͻȻ÷ǵֻǮ;
ǵŵĻսʿ󣬾ͱսߵȫס
ĿⷢĿЩսʿԸȥúõʣҪǵĿ˿Ļʹ˭Ҳ̫ˡ
ӶƤӵ±Q浱أ̫ɶˣ
˼һתҪЩӲеĻ˵԰ϵæ
кܴİЩǳɼģҪʻɼҳȥͱȽϺˡ
ҽѶó
ЦҶѶóȴҩǿԣ
û뵽ҩϵЦҪ鷳ҽ
ˣҲ֪˭ôңһδε˷ҿӦúʦһġ׳һӡ
Ҳһ½ʦЩ뵽һ𣬡ǶʦͺܽʲʲôֻдЩˡ
Ƕʦ־ǿҲԼˣصѵҪ˳㶫ס
Żһת־ҵĶҩĥƽǿԡ
ãʱһ˺úõ˵ܵͷ
ԴŻսӻ˾Ƶֽ꣬սȫ±Żȥս˧
Ż׻ȥԱһ϶˷ܼѡ
ϴ׬ˣǾȻսҪ״ˣÿһ׵ġ
ǰǰĿܹһaܻףû뵽ôȻܻˣһ
(ƨp)Σǰڸϴ죬ɶܳ档
ԶԣϴһжΣ
һ˺޲ý崵ֻϧܳȥǲˬء
忴һĵ(ƨp)Цˣúõ£뿪󣬻Ƿ(r)ʱ򡣡
һΪּƻҪȥɼƱģһǴ˼Ѫһϴ䣡
ǲ֪ںж֮ͻжˬ
()

1275.1275 İ

1275 İ
صסմŻûнȥԶѰ˳
üвСջˣ
ȥʾ䣬ȴܿ϶
֪һ϶յϢת()Це˵ǰջ(ͦͦ)ġ
ҪܼɼҼҶ̲סҪлˣÿεжôġ
ҪʦɼɶԷ
սӻȱʮףɼ
Ҷһ˿ˣЦġ
ѰпôЦĪĿˣŻɿһлᣬ˵ܵ˿ġ
һҪȡᣡЦ
ѰЩȻʦսŹѺҪǲСô죿˿Ǻ()սթġ
һ㶼ģ()ֻҪ뿪սפؿʼָܣеĶأͻ䷢
ñܣһĺѿǶʦ()ԹɷŨͽ˸䡣
Ѱ뵽ģ뵽ˣնҪȻˡ
ԭˣҾȻΪˣѰԳЦЦĺʱͲضܵɡ
Ц绨İô
ѰôЦɵþúһ
ûҪȥϢˡʡ
Ѱҡҡͷûˣ
û˵ת()ֱӵķ䡣
һߣϵĳɼңɼյϢɫѿ˼㡣
һȺŭȻһҰսӶ㲻һȺʲô
ľӢսӣʱһĲֵ
ҪսĻսʿܵ˴ˣ뽫ץسͷ
ʧһĶʦʮ׺ͼʮaܻףڳɼ˵ܵ۵ĵѪ
޷з׵ģΪЩѰҿµ˹½ӵһǵܲǱ߽һٶףΪֱɣҲóɼʵ
ɼʲȥȴ֪Ҫô졣
Ů˹ȻаţרǳɼҵİɡԽԽŭȴҲЩ
սȥɱҪսðغǲʧأ
Ҿ֮һرػҪָѡ
ôŹֶµûţܲˡ
()

1276.1276 ѵõһϢ

1276 ѵõһϢ
Ĳˣǰ
Ů˺аţǰǹ˶ʧˣҪȽ(qng)һţ
¼һ(r)˼ȥɱ֪Ϊʲôܾʧһǡ
ɼƳһۣǸʱһš
ʧܣҲ侲˺֮ܶ࣬ǰ̫͹СŻжʧԺԲˡ
ǵصҪǸµϡ
ɼһ˵֬ܲʵĽѾˣbƷ׵ĺòϣõaϣǳӡ
ǰǰ֮ԽԽãȴЩɬ
һϲ̫ˣû뵽ƬµҪϣ˵֮⻹кö
ʲôָʾ𣿡ֳɼɫ̫ãЦСʡ
ɼ˵ʦץܲˣǵȥˡ
ò׷ֵδ֪µҲ̫ˡߵ˵
ɼҲζȷʵҪģҺ漫֤£ϸ(qng)ֻ֪Ͱ̽Ҳǵˣ֮Ѿ׼ôãƻҲȽϳ죬滹ǽ񽻸ǼС
ҪԴȥɱĶС
ڵļƻøı䣬Ͼʦץˡ̾˿
ɼŵȴɿ˼֣øı䣬ҲʵļʱһʦЭֻǽƻƳһҵʱ䡣
ôЩ궼ˣҲһ¡ѵõһϢ
Ҳ¶ЦݣǾԤףɹսǸµ򣬴ҳɼҸһ¥
ãɼЦŵͷ
Ϊ˷ֹǵűƻս˧رҵֻ
Ѱճܾͣ͹ˡ
ҽѾռ㹻ĻˣýⲡҩȥҽԺأѯʡ
صȥҽԺɣֱֻҩҪҩ
ãһҽȥҽԺܿһơ
һȥҽԺҩңʼýⲡҩ
պҩʦﲻʲôæҩ͹ע˵Ĳ(qng)
ѰҩʦûҪԼ˽ȥۿԻæ
()

1277.1277 봸ô죿

1277 봸ô죿
Ҳ⣬ҩǻ췽Ķöཻܽ
ƽĽУѰҩˮƽҲܸߣ֮ŽǶ̸̸
ʼִҩģҲѰæ˲(qng)
һҩһ
ѰյҩѧȽϸߵˮ׼˵ĵ㶼ǳʱµС
Ȼҩˮ׼ûѰߣܸߣʱܴȥһЩµĹ۵⣬ҲѰ̾ͬ档
Ҫҩ̫ܶ࣬ˣɹⲡҩܽ
ȥҩҲһҵʱ䣬յϢʾΪǲʲôѴ˽ȥ
ЦſڣѾо˽ⶾҩȥ˷ãȻһЩҩʦдģðɡ
мƿҩһ䷽ܡ
ܴ˴ôóˣ
ҪǻսŵҩʦԼ֪ӦýⶾҩҲҪüʱ䷴֤
õʱҲδ̫ˡ
ҩ䷽ãﶨȻͿ졣ЦЦ
ŻתһԼӦóͶԱȥλҽ
ҽø˷á
˿еҩ䷽ЩӵĿʣҽȷҪ䷽óȥ
֪ҩʦһԼоóʲôҩǶҪܲŵģô󷽷ó
治֪ҩ䷽ļֵ
ĺνҪһõĻ֪Ҫ೤ʱ䣬ҩ䷽óȥҩʦ룬Ҳϲ˵ķա
Ҹؾˣ䷽㾡ȥþУһŲôۣذĸҩһ䷽ѣ㲻ʲô
ܴʱһǽҽλˡ
˾һ񣬡ҴǼϵ˸лҽ
Цˣ
ǧҩ䷽ȥţҽֱӸҴ绰
ãͷ
뿪ʵϢóƿ֮ǰեõĹ֭һƿѰ
һߺȹ֭һˢնˡ
һϢѰն˳˵ϲ㣡
Ī̧ͷϲʲô
ҪƻɼƻѶϾҪˣϲܹܸߵսǲǸȤˣѰζЦЦ
˺ڣȤãͻȻ봸ô죿
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~05֮Ϳʼ~~
()

1278.1278 ̫

1278 ̫()
óѰֻȤͺִˡ
˵ǲӽ쿪ʼͶһ(r)ͣҽʲôҲѧˡ
һȥԺߣߺߵ
Ѱ˳ǣŮδҲ̫Сˡ
ҲǺ㰡Сģûĵ
üûһ仰ΨŮСҲ
Уˣ𣿡Ѱ֪⻰˭˵ģȴôеŮǲ()
ԣǰԼ˳ЩŮˣֻô()
װѰʣյʲôϢΪʲôƻɼµѶȻӣǲǵһǵܲʲô
ѰҲûӣŮ֣֮ǰɼҴ氲ŵ̽ӣ֬ɼȥ档ʵ飬׵ĵȼƷʣͶȷǳá
ĽȻ˵һǵ߲ӣԭɼӰ˼ƻҪͷģҲΪʵĳɹóɼҲȥ˳ͷһĶʦϳɼҵļƻ
˶ٵʦɼԭļƻܿչҪƻļƻѶǲˣ
ԭֻҪȥ֮ǰʦɼҵļƻƻ˴룬˭ҪһҲ֮ǰĳ˰ù
û뵽Щ˵Ѿ֬͵棬ܹ׵ƷʣһǵŵܲӲŹˡ
°ͣѶȣѵǾͲȥѶȣֱӽͷ𣿡
Ѱתʣа취ѲɼĶʦ
һֲۣǳԱ˳ŵģŪһһûû˵ġ
ȻǴԴͷֱӽˡ
ôأѰʡ
һЦĻ˵㣬ſͺˣԤ֪ûȤ
ѰһͷߣŮ˹Ȼ̫()ˡ
ҽԺϣҩЧȫӳҽԺ߶֤ʵóҩȫãõĲڲȫʧǲŻס
죬ʹסҩۺҩҺѰԽԽľ
Ǳֻ߲ϵҩʦټҽԺǽսŵҩʦȵٶóĽⶾҩ׽˼ǵ
()

1279.1279 ǵ

1279 ǵ
ûгȥݷʱý׼õҩۺҩҺȫŪꡣ
ܵһ裬Ц˵ɫɣϵⶼ˰ɣ
()Ц˵ⶼǶҽҪİæڻһء
˿ɫѾлҲٴˣӦû°ɡ
֮һֱΪ˵λš
ɫЦ֮ǰҽῴ񣬽ǲòˡ
໹óͿˡʧЦ
Цҽ̫ǫˣ
Żһת˵ҽ鷳ҽˡ
¶ɫֱԵЩץĻսʿУ
ôһ˵ضˡ
λҽ̫ţˣɶʲôû˵أȻȫ˳
ҽ㣬Щ˶Ӳͷұʵѵô˲ǵĿڡҲΣȴҲԤ֮С
֮ǰûץҪǵųԱɶԷͷ춼Ӳ֡
Ŀⷢ(r)Ŀ˵Ҫҽæҩȥ£ܲ˿ǵ졣
ЦЦУҶǱҲܺ棬Ǿ͸ȥԡ
̫ˣҽʲôʱʱ䣬ȥѶҡѹ¼е(qng)鷳ĵط̫ˡ
Ѿս˧ʾҽô࣬ôҪúñһ
ЦҶпգڶУ
һ䣬㴦꣬Ҳر򡣡
һϲھʹҽȥ
ãվ()һߣѰڣȥ
һߣһ˵ҽȱҪﲻ٣սҽԺ豸ҲȽ֪ûȤ߷չ£
ҽ˲ţ᲻Żرȥ
ȻΪж(qng)ҲǿֻôģҪһǽԡ
û뵽ҪԼʧЦ˼ҵ˺ʦڱĿǰʱû뿪Ĵ㡣
ҪлĻһῼġת˵
ѾܵԤ֮УЩʧãԺҽҪչһҪսš
õģͷ
ǶмȤģ֪ߣļȽϴ󣬲зչǱأ
()

1280.1280 ˫

1280 ˫
ʣȴ
ǻʲôģǾеȤġ
ǺĵĶռ
˵˼壬ŻԼԼǱۡ
Ȼ˳ɼңȻûеʣĵ(to)(to)
̸У׽ԼҪϢ
ɼڱȽǰеļ壬ƽҲȽϸߵҪѹơ
Գɼҵ̬һ㣬żֲ̫ϲļɵ
̬ġ
ž͵ѶңصܵķԸ£ѶҵŴ򿪡
ʱһ˵Ļսʿ
ǽѶվ񣬡սҽ
ûмˣȴѾΪ¼׳ˣսŵĽʿһŮһĴڡ
ܿʣѶˣ
Ѷ˿Ц˵ȫֶζˣղ͹ɶУǵʶִѶǰܵѵʳʲô
ҪæҲûôʧˣİڰ֣վһԣҽʡ
Ѷ˿ŵһ㶣¶ϲ֮ɫҽҪæ̫ˣ
ʧЦ㿴ȥҺĵӰ
ѶЦ˵ǣǶ˭ûģҽȴоԵġ
Ҿԣ߹ȥ˿սʿְ˰
֪()(qng)ֳóһЩҩ۶һȻһСӡ
ιȥȻ󶪵ڰķʮӡ
ִնϷһԼдЧӸѶˣʮ֮ڣѭӡ
ӣܺѶ˶ܺġ
ãѶսʿߡ
ҲһЩҽҪԲͬ˿ͬҩ𣿡
ͷǵģÿ˵()(qng)ͬһҩԾûõģԵ()
ֻˣдЧУ˫£
Ѷҩͨ˺ܵȼ͵()ϣȻǲ()ҩ
Щ()ʺܵȼ͵ĻսʿͬһҩͲˡ
ʧĪ˿
ʧҩûռȻʾһ
ɿǣҪҩ˭ʹãЧòҲֲ̫˵㣬ιǳһǲҲὫսŵ³ȥ
Ը˾Ը˰ɣܱ̫˰ĵ㡣
()

1281.1281 Ҳţ

1281 Ҳţ
ҩ᲻ʧܣȫûⷽȥ롣
Ҳڲ֪УѾĪΡ
ʮӺѶ˽սʿ
óٲ˼£ﻺ(())սʿ񽥽Ķִ͸С
࣬ǿˣƬֹ̺ͣ࣬˵
ͷһսʿ棬ͷ֮ǰѶ˵ʣȫ¼
ǣѶóն¼ƣҲնϼǡ
ʣŲñսʿ
һʼʣ˭ģʲôĿģ
սʿʶʮ֮ʧܣʮֲ(qng)ԸȲѵĿڣǳɼһصսӳԱαǷɱ
ܾʲôɼң
ԣɼңսʿͷ
ɫһ䣬ҲӦ˹ɼҺ͵һǵʲôϵ
Ĺϵ
Ҳ˵ɼǵһǵŵĸӹ壿

֮ǰʻȫǴӵһǵģѹеľʡ
ɼףⲢʲôܣǶΪԷֶͨδоԺŪģϾܶ嶼ô((co)co)ġ
û뵽Է׾ȻԵһǵš
û뵽һɱ¼ǣô
ɼвٲҵ֧Ҫǵŵĸӹ壬ǻ鷳ˡ
ɼо˶ĿʣµϰټȫǵһǵŽġ
սʿսе()Ȼͣ򲻻֪
ǵĲȾƻǲǳɼģ
ǣ
ɫٴα˱䣬ҧгݵʣΪʲôҪô
Ҳ֪ΪҪ˳չһܼƻսź߲עȫڲȾϡսʿҡҡͷ
һЩ⣬ԼʮңսʿͻȻ鴤£񽥽Ļָ
Ȼɫϵı任¶һãȻͺ£Ȼ֪ղԼ˵ʲô
״ԼܽͣҩЧֻʮңڶѾûˡ
ҪʵҲˣͷţ֪ˣ
ԭҩЧʱƣȻҲб׶ˡ
ȻܹʮҲţˣַѶ˵ֱ̫ˡ
()

1282.1282 һֽĺ

1282 һֽĺ
ܿɲ˷ˡ
˽ȽҪĻսʿҩ߽ʡ
ʵĽ֮ǰ࣬ȫܹ֤ʵЩ˶ǳɼҼɱģɼǵһǵŵĸӹ塣
Щź˵ֻϧЩ˲֪ɼҵνܼƻ
ȻҪǵעȫתƣ˵ƻ϶Ҫ
ǲѣҲʦ֪㡣
ԭҪԼϷսӣȥɼҵĻظƻģѰ̽Ϣ󣬾ͽƻȡˡ
ƻ֮󣬳ɼǲ̫ڶʱڼɳսţȥڵΪ֬ϵãһǵܲ϶ɳǵսȥ¡
ڳɼյĶ̫ˣ˾ǣǵţ벻á
ͷսڻûֱӰ⵹ɼҡ
ôֻнһ·ˡ
žʦɼҺǵҪռµļƻ˵ս˧սҲĶˣɼҼԲ׽·¶
ܳɹɼҼܴԻӰ쵽һǵŵļƻ
ָһǵźս˧սŻ()̽ͳͻսµʱͽӣҲ͸Ǵ˷չǿʱ䡣
ʱǵһǵŻǴսţҪȥսڵǾ͸(yn)(yn)ˡ
Ҳһ·Ӧ˹ﻹһأҩʦ()ݿɱЩսʿ߹Ҫˡ
ҽ˽ʦԿܲҩԡмּ˵
ЦãȻҲܱ֤Ͼ־ɱЩսʿǿˣǿԡ
ѸٷԸȥʦ
һֱԱû˵һ仰Ѱ̺ŨŨ⿴˿
ʱ˿Ѿ³ĿģνĽԴͷ˼
ҪֱӶԸɼҰ
ĸսź͸ĸ߲㣬ʹ޵ľǱ年ǵţɼôߡ
ҿ϶ѶʦȷɼҺ͵һǵŵĹϵϱս˧ǾͻȡжɼԼɼҵĸ߲㰵д
ɼһ͵һǵܲǱ߾ͶϵҪսµļƻ͵ñͣ
һֽĺκһû취
ϾֻһҩѶ()⣬һзԼʳģòһ
()

1283.1283 Ȼ

1283 Ȼ
ܿ죬ʦ˽
Ϻͽ϶ܻûԿ׼޷򿪵ģҲŪʲô۶ӡ
ҹʦѾ״̬Ѻ߽
ܺ˻ܿ˶֮ǰݲ˺ܶ࣬()ϵϢҲЩήңѸǰȥ˲٣һ֪ûٱҩĥ
Ѻº󣬶ʦ̧ͷһ۾Ϳԭľ϶ʱ¶Թ޵ɫ
Ѿͷҽҩ˵ž
վ()ͱ()ʿصλϡ
ЦЦĿڻѧԣǱӶˡ
ʦеԹ֮ɫŨ⼸ÿζ޲ȥĥʹ()
ȴû˿İ취Ϊרŵ˿ܼලɱ
һеɫп˵Ҫôܸҽҩ
ǱĥҪˣܲˣͷ͵ͷɡ
ʼ磬˼дƳĶҩȴûоҩ
֮(qng)˾ȥо£лٸɡ⵱ȻǺƵġ
㣡ʦɴ۾һҪһѾͷһûк³ġ
⻰Ҫ()ϰɡоõ˽һɾ֮УҪľЧҲĥԷ־һֶΡ
վ()ߵʦǰ˰Ϊ˰
Ƭ̺صλϣóƿƿ޹޵ҩͬһҩ衣
еҩ裬ʦԾ¶ηɫҪʲô㻹Ҫιҩ
Ѿͷôô񶾣֮ǰĶѾĥ˲˹ˣȻ
ЦЦýţⲻǶҩ
ιȥصҶʮӣ·һ㡣ҩݸѶˡ
ǣѶ˽ӹ֮Це߹ȥʦ죬Ӳιȥ
Ҳϵ˰ҡ
Ҫѱսʿһʱ䣬ֻҶûжΪʲô
ʦֻöǺڰҲ֮ǰѶĻսʿɱȣȻľҪѶԸһЩ
ܶɵЩţҲ֪ҩܲܶʦá
ϾһԼһأ᲻пҩ()
Уܶ룬ӦҽʤһҩʧܣĬĬ߶
()

1284.1284 Ȼôɹ

1284 Ȼôɹ
ʮ֮ʦ
ȥɫżֲ԰ףӵ㲲ɣ
ǿаλϣ̧ͷԹĵ㵽Ҫʲô
ЦЦһ֪ˣ
ȻǶʦӦûԽ(qng)ȤҲ׻һ
ʦѾͷ϶ûۣ㣡
ҪͻȻһǿľ()ͷŶ볯ѹƹȥ
ʦԭssľܿҪʮһһʱͷӦҪֿ
ҪƽȻֿܵģܱ⣬ֱĥȫ()̱ͷȫϸ
֮ǰĴߣʦ־ݻ٣񽥽Ĵ
ˡһԵѡ
Ҳ˶ʦﾪ̾ѣҽ̫ţˡ
ssӽʮһߣȻôɹˡ
֪Ƶҩʱƣûеѯ
ʶʦȻǴӵһǵŵɼҹģٴ֤ʵ˳ɼҺǵŹᡣ
⣬ܿʼص㣬ɼҵʲôƻҪôʵвȾƻתǵע
֮ǰһֱú˳ĶʦͻȻɫ£Ӳҧס͵ֿ
ܼ״㶣˵ɼҵļƻ϶̫Ҫˣ̲סתͷ
ݸһĵþٴβ
ȻԸ־;Ƚǿˣ߱Ƚ鷳
Ƭ̺󣬶ʦɫѿķſ˽ҧ죬żҧгݣ(qng)ԸĿڵɼ֪̽һµĵͼ򣬸淢˲ǵҪҪԴ߻˶꣬ԭǰռ
ʲôµĵ͵򡣡ܾ
Դӵһǵͨռ͵ΪܹԿȻǵźĴսšȣʼѰ
ôȥͼܱҵռѾ౻ˣҪһµѣû뵽ɼҵˡ
ҪĻ֮ǰĲԴƻ˵ͨˣɼҺ͵һǵžԲ֪Ū۷
ܿǷݾȣüǵļƻʲôãֻͷŲԴ
ܾûô򵥣ֻͶŲԴĻɼûҪӵһǵôĶʦ
ͳɼǨŭͬܺȷʦǳţֻùҽĿǣɼҵļƻԻɹġ
()

1285.1285 

1285 
ѾҪı˵˳ȥʦҲǿֿ
ɳս⣬ҲǲսĹؼ
Ǵˣôһ˵֪˳ɼҵļƻҪòԴɢսֻսռ
Ҫܹɹȷʵܼٺܴ°빦
Ǹµʲôطĳ涴֪𣿡ڸ
ʦҡҡͷֻ֪гɼ֪ܻҵġ
˵ңһǵܲĸ߲㶼֪ꡣ䡣
ҲµˣôҪλãȻҪȫá
ǳɼҪȥռµսʲôطʡ
ʦصڹĬǸһŻϣҲ֪ûȥ
ֽ⣬ʦһ֪⡣
׼ʣҩЧȴʧЧˣʦеĴɢȥ¶Ȼ
㾹Ȼоܹ˵ʵҩ
ޱȵĿҲֻˣҪ;ѹ˫²ܳɹɡ
ͷ治ôǲġ
Ҫƻɼҵļƻʡ
Цɼθʲôϵʲôռû˿Ȥ
Żһתɫ䣬ȻӶɱңҪܹƻļƻȻһš
⻰Ʋ˹ԳɼƻƻɣҲ׳ҿ԰æ˼
Ȼ۾¶ϲ֮ɫҪҽİæǾ͸ˡ
ʦһˣҪθûйϵˣ
˸ӵȻԵ֪ԼԼˡ
ôҪļƻй¶һܴӳȥһǵܲҲŹġ
ܵõҪϢҲٶᶾʦ˽ȥ
Ц˵ҽ̫ллˣ
ֻºҪϣҽҪ͸¶ȥܻΣաвȰ档
һмֵĵ͵򱻷֣ҪǴȥԻ˵ҪѰץȥѯ(qng)
Ц֪(qng)ػġ
Ȼҽġ֪Ǵˡ
ֿѰҪҽģչ˵ڡ
ƽѰ()ӣŲͷΪ˿£ǵ˵ղŷʲôʲôû
ζЦŵͷҽûͺã
()

1286.1286 ú

1286 ú
Ѷ꣬õϢѰסԼһʱȥս˧̸
Ѱû˵ס߽ķ䡣
ɳϣؿڶõİɣ
ѹŮ˼ǰ͹͸¶԰æѶȫǸԷڿӡ
ֻﵽ˽ƻɼҵĿģܵǷ(qng)
Σ㶼ˣʲô
ֻû뵽ôһѰʵ˵
ЦЦĿһĺ𣿡
ѰòϣúãһһͽɼԨ
ⲻ͵ˣܶʱ̲ҪҪġ˵
ѰʵĲ򴽣⼸ƳЩҩۺҩҺǲѾҵôˣ
üҲ(ͦͦ)
Ѱһ뵽ŮͬĻʦ˳ǣ
ǲɵȥ֤ʵʦ˵Ϊɼɱ㣬㲻һƻǵļƻǹȻЩҩҩҺϰɡ
۾ϵЦȴû¶ȣ̫˿ûк³
Ѱ뱩ߣҲǴˡ
Һɲһһ᳤ǧģ̧̇°͡
ѰˣԼûк³ܳǧ꣬۸ûĻ
֮ǰ˵һ仰ںϿɣһ
գգۣʲô˵ò(ͦͦ)ġ
Ѱվ()ģ
˵Ҳ˵ʲô˵Ļ첽ˤ뿪
ƲƲ죬żʱ(ͦͦ)ĵģôƢԽԽˣɲã
ҲѰЩսʿͶʦ˲ٵľʮƣ룬ȥϴ˸()˯ˡ
һߣܽʱѶƵøս˧
ս˧û뵽һԴô(qng)һӡ
ɼȷʵ()ҲʵǱսȴҪѷɫܶࡣ
ս˧ѸܳȥץɼԼŵȡ
ĬǸҲȥóսӽ
ɼǱΪûеõϢ벻ܹҩѶɶʦƻܼܿϲС
ûȷӦͱս˧ɳսӰܴˡ
()

1287.1287 

1287 
ֹ죬˸Ϣܣ͸¶Ҫر˼
ٴݷ
ҽҪرˣ
ͷǰʱ䲻̣ǱսҽԺۻ˺ܶಡˣԺһȥˡ
ŲѾòҲû(qng)ˣ˵һ
ɫ̽ʣҽܲ죿
㶣죿߻ʲôѵв⻹ûг׽
æͣǣѾȫˡ
ֻ߻ҽһæЩ˼˵
󷽵ʣʲôҪæ˵Ҫһƴǡ
ҲӣģѾɹ˳ɼҼֻԸ͸¶µ꣬Ҫæȥҩһ󡣡
֮ǰҽҲöҲܲܰæõ㶾ҩȥԸɼҵսš
ҲǸݳɼߵļƻõС
ĬǳɼҵսŻأѾҵֻǷͻǿҪǿĻ֪˶˺ͻס
ҪܹöĻ˵ȡ벻ջ
֪˵Ǹսţս˧ܹ֮ôҵǿŻǣֽš
Ѱλ÷壬úڿͼڶԷ̽ѰŪ˾ʾ
ǿŻʮأ滹˱ȽȽķֹ̽ϵͳս˧˺ҵ
ǺΪѵĳĬһᣬſڵȥæҩѶû⣬ֻöĻЩס
һҽϲȴϲɱˣǴģ֡
Ҫô򵥾ͺ֣ͬս˧ܶҪɵˡ
ȷʵϲģɱرǼ̳Ǹ֮Ƹ࣬ⶫţȴҲ()ĵ
⻰Ǿеͬ¶Ϊѵı(qng)ǵķǿҪǿĻ֪ٻսʿ
̾˿˵ҪǣЩ˾һȺɼҼǾв֪ͻΪһɢɳǵʱܳȥɱ޹ˡ
Ҳǣܻи޹ꡣ
ʲôˣ֮ǰоƳһҩۺҩҺẦ˵()ȴܶа
ԭʧ(qng)һ»Ծ鷳ҽ֪
()

1288.1288 ǡˡ

1288 ǡˡ
жƿһƿ
װһҩҺɫζҲ޷⵽ֻҪڵͻһֶأ˻˯
һƿ˵һҩֻۣý紵ҪԵˣҲһֶأȫ()
֮ǰõʦ˵Ȥ˲ٳҪĻǶԸ㡣
õģʦֻǸơ
ֱ׵˵õҩĶ(ͦͦ)ģҪõĻҩ
ɲһԩͷĸо
һϲû⣬ֻ߲ҩĺҽӱ㡣
ҽʱս˧ԸҽιǺüæôҪ𡣲Ӧûϲҩģ׼һ㡣
ʵﲻæҩǶͳġ
¶˼Ȥûп(to)ܣ󷽵ЦŵͷҩʦƽϲѰҩģȻս˧һƬģҾˣ
ôˬҲܺкøУǾͲϲˡ
ӦõġЦ˵
ȥѶң˳ɼ
ɼѺϣһ¿ˮ̵ģ
ܽȥ󣬶ʱ¶ŭ֮ɫѾͷôˣ
Դӱץ֮󣬾ͲµǵļƻѾй¶˳ȥ
дѶ˵Ŀе֪滹Ĺ棬ʱͺ޲ýƤ
ʵҲЩڣӦ·Ͼرɱ߲ʦսȥɱҲܾͲɼҺͼƻ
ڿǹŭ̲סͱˡ
޹Ŀ˵Һͳɼ㶼ʶҵԹô𣿡
ü˷ɱңҶûзأѵͽжȸ״
㣡ɼ()һݵѾͷ
ܾóɼ()̫ˣ˼ҽʲôб¾ͳ
ҽǿʼɡڴɼ˵ʲôҪܡ
ͷ߹ȥĳɼ˰óҩ۾Ϳʼҩ衣
ҩݸҷһȫԺϣӦþΪ˷ֹ¶ġ
Խҩ赽ûЧҲұ֤
Ȼóɼͨ涴¶
ԭеʲôҩ߷Ӳ˶õЧû뵽ɼھзǡˡ
()

1289.1289 ɲ

1289 ɲ
Ƴɼֻܵ㶣ɼһԾ
Ѿͷ־ܿˣ֮ǰ˵һһ׼Ͳš
ȴɲˡ
Ժ˺Ͳھǵһǵܲǿ߲µģΪľǲܴܽܶй¶ȥ
ҲѶϿѵս֮ǰѶ˵ëëꡣ
⻰һ˵ܵ˶ȥ֤ˡ
ҽа𣿡ʡ
صûжٰգڵȽأҲ²Ӧò¶һЩҪ(qng)ͻܵƻĳͷصĻֱ
ֻԿˣ̾˿
Ҳû뵽ɼڻ˵˿϶֪ٵһǵŵܣֻϣҽҩЧ
ã鷳ҽˣζҪԣĿڹ˵̫Ҫˡ˵
·һӸؽСݰСʱڷų
֪ԽʵˣСݵʱԽԸ˽ϵĳɼǿ˽ȥ
Сʱ򣬳ɼ˳ȥֻϢЩήң滹á
ͬþѹƣɼ񽥽Ĵ
ܼ״һϲҽǳˣ
ص˵ʱˣܲʳÿ
ãԣ˳ɼ⡣
ǲǵһǵŵĸӹ壬εĲǲΪڶµռƻȡ
ɼɫȻз֮⣬ȴȫشˡ
ܶ˼ģʣƬѰҵͨµĳ涴ʲôطʲô
Ļһ䣬ԭŵĳɼ˫۱죬ɫŤ
ܿеĴ֮ɫˣҧ֪
ܾ˾ô֪ܲ˵ʵ
ߣ֪ǲ֪ɼһ
ܴԼ֪ⴥ˳ɼڵǻһ⣬֪һǵܲĵַ˵
γɼû߷ϣȫ()鴤Ǳ鵽һȻһ˹ȥ
ôܴ󾪣ҽǲǳˣ
()첽߹ȥ£Ȼι˶Էһҩ裬ڵˣӦղʵⴥߵġ
ҩҩЧѾʧЧΪڵ̫ԵͿ񱩣ûʹѶˡ̾˿
()

1290.1290 Ǿ͸ûйϵ

1290 Ǿ͸ûйϵ
Ľ
ֻҲûǨŭ֪һǵӴΪ˷ֹĳԱйܣŪʲôҲ
ҽİ취𣿡Щĵʡ
ҡҡͷû취ַֻڵǱùһһʳߵ⣬ͻԶ
ڵ()(qng)Ѿܴιһ˵ҩ⣬ҪȥӦûᱻֱӷɶ
鴤ۻԣʵģ֮ǰҩ︽ġ
³ɼڵ䷴ɣӡ
ɼ˲ܻţֻˣһǵźս˧սŲܾϣӻѰҵ涴ʱ䡣
Ȼڳʱһ򶼱ȽϽܵа㻳ɡ
õҩѾӣûκζأܵΪɼ飬ҲܼһȻġ
֮ɼҪͻȻʲôģǾ͸ûйϵˡ
ܽǷݲʺʧѹ£
ô˵Ҳлҽæ˱ȭ
̾˿ˣзɱ֮ҲϣܰǴ˳Ҫֻϧûɹ
ܷοⲻҽ⣬ǵһǵֶ̫ˣǷʤ
ҾȻȥˣ취ź˵
ãǻȥ
ѰҲǸһģȥʱٴαá
صסûסٴμķ䡣
û˵Ҫʲô
Ѱ߹ȥٽô֪һǵţôţƣ
ô֪˸ۣɼڱ
һ˼׵ĵһǵźĳԱ
ѰЦȴôģûʲôνʻߣ鴤ԡ
ֻƱʩչ֮˵ļ䣬ҲǱѯʺ޷³Ƽܡ
ңⲻĹ
Щ㶼֪ˣҪʣë
Ѱ̺ͷӦܸߣûҪҲס
ֻһˣҪ֤ȫǶһ١
㣡ѰһҭͻȻ֪Ҫ˵ʲôãȥҪô죿
ƲƲ죬ȻǻرˣϷĲ࣬(qng)Ҳˣ겻ɣ
Ѱ˵վ()ˡ
()

1291.1291 һҪǵǽ

1291 һҪǵǽ
ͨͨ׼뿪
ĲѾɼʰˣһûаܡ
ܵҪζԸɼһصսţģǿɱء
Ҳս˧кҪ׼뿪
ڶ죬ս˧ԵսӪؼ˼ǡ
̬ʮֵ(r)(qng)
ҽζİ̫ˣһЩҩ⣬Ҳ֪ϲá
Ժ£ɾֱϵңֻҪܰ쵽һ߾ȫ׵Ĺ(qng)
ս˧Ƿĵĸлûæƻҳһ࣬Ⱦⶼܽ˵ڳɼôһ
Ǹ͵ϢҲʮҪѹս˧˵һǣҲĸо
ȷʵս˧٣ҲƴǣҾллս˧ˣ
ս˧ЦĿҽ⼸Щ춼æŲԴ⣬ûúùأҪȥ漸죿
ɫЦ˵ս˧Ǳ߻кܶ(qng)Ҫҽȥأȥû취
һһҪǵǽǣɲǵóˡ
Ҳһ־裬׼ȥ֮ս˧˵˵ɱٽҽˣ˵н޻
Ҳˣ֪ҽ᲻ᱻȥ
¼֪ҽ֮ǰĸмֵҪˡ
ҲЦǰҽԺǱ˺ܶಡ˵ţ´лǰɡ
ս˧ҲûǸ˼ֻܷðɣԺҽԶҪ͡
һڲˣΡΣҽˣôҪ
ãͷ
һսӵֱȥǺ˾
ɴ̺󣬲ֻŵ˱ս˧Ҳ֧սӰб
ܻΪ׼һ߼ҩķŵ˷ɴϣ˷ɴȥ鿴
żһҩģһЩ˿¶֮ɫ
ЩҩĵĵȼƷʶܸߣ׬ˡ
ѰҲŻرֻȴûô()ߴգڹעɼսŵ(qng)
һǻصԽͻ˼ҡ
ƾ֪ҪҲǰ°ؼҵţ诺Ҳڼҡ
()

1292.1292 Ҫɾ͸ɴ

1292 Ҫɾ͸ɴ
ؼҾͼͽڼңЦߵǶɳ¡
硢㡢򣡡
()()ߣ˵ôˣ
𣿿Ƚæɡ
ˣƾ񲻴Ƿ
սӵĸӳԶһЩ(qng)֪١
˴󹦡ЦʣɼǱôˣ
ս˧ܴɼҼˣϢǷģǱߵĸ߲㶼֪Ҳ
ЦŻصɼѾ군ˣҲ˴롣
Žǰ򣬷ֳɼҪսȥռƻԷƻ(qng)˵һ顣
ƾ˶þգȻʱһ
Ҳײ˳ɼҵļƻ䳹ƻΣˡ
ڶڲͣŬԼǿɺ͵һǵȻȴû˿ʤ㣬ӲֳɼҶû취
ʵʱ̫ˣΪȡʱ䡣
ͺãɼҼץʱͨµĳ涴׼ȷ겻ᱻҵҲиʱ׼ˡ
˳ɼ⣬ʵ֪涴׼ȷġ
ЦǰҶԳɼҩҲĿġ
ƾԼԽԽɫˣµСˣҲ
ϢϢȻһȥμӷװƴϰɡ
˶˵ڵһħƹ˾Ѿħƴʦҽᱻǵܲȥ
ǲμӷװҲȥǣʮ**һǱߡ
һֱŬŻ˶̵ʱڳɹȥܲ
ҲҰ裬ǲķչĿ꣬Ǳ߲ŴѧƬȽ϶ļ
ԸΪףȻˣҪ͸һȥǡ
ģȻǶȲϴ˸硣
һҪҲ˾ܲǰɡ
ҪΪսṩ㹻Դڱ߽˹˾ֻǻӪҪطʲôʧ
ƾȻЦȻҪǣǶҪȥʲô
Ǳ˵󣬿ɷչĿռҲ󡣡
˵ʱǵսҲǱ߷չɣռϢһǵŵܲӦҲϣҪɾ͸ɴġ
ڷ÷Ǻܿõġ
()

1293.1293 ԺҪôź

1293 ԺҪôź
˸綼ô˵ˣҲĺ˿ɲϱֿ
ãȥ׼֮ͽ˾
ǱҰҲȥǷչ϶ǻͬġ
ǾôˣҹҪȥְ׼ȥסˡ
ã翴ŰɡƾҲһš
ڶȥҽԺΪ֮ǰ˺ü죬ʮš
ֻǲżӳȥ˲ͱˡ
ս˧Ϊ˰Ǳ߷(qng)˳ȥ
ߵҲȥǱߵֱƵſŶϿɶٴδ˺ܶ࣬Ҳࡣ
ڶֻһʶҽţȥﶼܽǱ߶Ҫȥæ̫Ϊǳˡ
⼸춼ȽæҲûôעǱߵϢ
°࣬յ˷巢Ϣ
ϳ׼Ѱ˽
ǻѰһ
Ѿ³⣬ңɼҵĻرȫٵϢ𣿡
Ѱϵϰȫü˵ϢǺͨ
ҲյϢҪΪµ̨ף˵
˭֪Ů˾ȻѾ֪ˣתһˣǸδϢɡ
սӿһֱδ뿪ء
ͷǰôҪųɼҵĻس׻ٵǲܰĻ
ѰʧЦ˵ս˧ǱߵսܲѶٱ佫ػȥɻĹ͡
Ѿ֪ọ̈̄ҩۺҩҺȫϣصʿж˯ȥ֫޷ټʻսûж˾ͽˡ
ӦԤ֮аɡ϶˵
ЦϻȻôǰ
һǵŵܲǱʲôӦ𣿡ζʡ
²⣬һ϶֪
Ѱʣ֪
ĶҲȥõĲͳŶûθڡ
θѾŮˣԺҪôźð
(qng)ܺãаû˸ȥ
Ѱ˿Цݣ⻹ࡣ
˵ɣһǵܲǱʲôӦ
ѰҲӣǳŭɼս˧ϢҲ֪ˣ棬Ҫɼ
ս˧Ȼ֪Ǹռ͵ļƻȻɿڣ˫̽֡
()

1294.1294 е

1294 е
֣̽ƺõĽ
ⲻѰص㣬һǵܲռǸµʲô𣿡
ѰΪƻʧЦǸͨµĳ涴λֻгɼ֪߽ȫΪҲû취
ռµļƻ϶ӣ֪ʲôʱٿء
ҪϢٸ㣬Ҫÿܻܾõ׼´Ҳһôƻˡ
ҪľӺܾãɫ¶źǻǿϧȻרȥƻ(ͦͦ)ġ
ȿȣѰźֵɣһǵܲǱѾΪ(qng)עˡ
ɱңü
ֲһֱɱȴѰֹˡ
ʱɱ㣬ȴп㣬ϾҲǸ˲ţһǵܲ쳣˲šҪ̬̽ȡ
мƲƲ죬(ƨp)ɱҵʱôûЩӶô׻⡣
Ѱ˼һת׻⣬Ҳܻ𣿡
ָ̧Ħ˼£ЦҪԷʲô۸ˣҪ⣬Ҳǲܻ⡣
ѰüͬĿҪǶԷļ۸ʣЭˣҲˣ
ȻҲǱ뷨Ҫ˵ĪĲñѱˡ
ɵƳƳӻˣɳȴܲǸĸ߱꣬úõڲƻǸ̼𣿡
͵һǵŵĳԹܻ⣬ܱԷȥ˵(qng)
Ѱһͷߣ(qng)Ǵ⡣
Ŵ߲Ծһȣе
ЦҲʧΪһð취
ôܸµ()ӺͻȻ˵ȥܴڲ߽һǵţȻ()΢΢Ҳԡ
֪Ѱ뷨һ˭ȥǵ߽ڲˡ
һǵǵ(qng)˽𣿡ʡ
Ѱ־裬ˣ
򲻿ƾ޹ʵ
Ҳҹ˶ÿҪȥǻˡ
ѰȲѣΪʲô
ȻΪǸ涼ˣһֱڱû˼ٵ˵
()

1295.1295 ܲ÷

1295 ܲ÷
Ѱ()ӶҲ˽⣬ܾͻȻȥǲô򵥡
ȻŮ˲
аɣʲôʱҪߺ˵һҲȥ档
ǳģҪ뿪ȻҲҪˡ
ûд߾ܾôһܹ뵽ڲķӣɵ˲Ƴȥ
ãʱȥҾʹȥͷ
ѰЦΪʲôȥ֪
ǿܹṩһǵŵڲϢŮ߿ˡ
Щߣŵ٣Ůﾹֻô
һۣ֪˵Ҫó˵Ժ档
һﶮĺܶ࣬Ҫܹʵ¾͸ˡ
Ѱȴϵ
ʱպõſڣ³ǵ͹
ټҲָһξܺһ
һʱ䣬սҽԺͼͷܡ
װƴĸ诶ȥμˣһ(to)ɹ뵽˾
ʱºϡ
ҲΪô׼ʱ䣬ϾҪƫԶǵ˲μӾǸϵ·ϾͿܻһҡ
ҲҪսҽԺ˵ȣµʱ䲢ࡣ
ڶһ磬ŷװƴľ뺯ȥ칫ҡ
ʮ(r)(qng)վ()Ӵҽϡͣǲʲô(qng)ң
ûȦӣ뺯ݸԺٹҪȥǲμҪпܵĻҿܻǱ߶ӣҽԺߵ(qng)ֻܽҽˡ
պѧĺܿ죬Ѿȫֿˡ
ʲôҪ뿪ȥǣӹ뺯˿˵ζ
ǺòôһдŵˣôҪ뿪ˣ
żǸ˵ҸͽȥǱ߷չҲǷֿԶҽԺֻܱǸˡ
ʵһֱһоҽԺסĵˡ
ֻô죬ܲ÷ˡ
Ͳٿ𣿡̲סʡ
صʮ**ӦҪǵģʦҲҪܲ˼ҲҪһ𡣡
ⲻƭǰʦǣ͸֪Ϣ
֮ǰʦҪڲѾκˣȻصܲǱȥһĿܲǱΣʹӦˡ
()

1296.1296 Ȼס

1296 Ȼס
֪һЩڹϵ(qng)Ҳ֪Էܿͽܡ
˵ˣҲû취
У뿪ǰҽƵ(qng)źãԺҽְɡ
ףһᰲźõģҽƺҽʲô⣬Ҳǵġ
ԺҲΪ()壬׽ų⡣
ԴҽԺ֮һֱڰ()⡣
Դӿʼ()о˺ܶ࣬лҽ
һ⣬֮ǰҴӦս˧ΪѰҶӣѾ׼òˣʲôʱʣҾС
⻰¶ּ֮ɫ𣿡
ԣս˧ǸһѰҵļʽӴһЩ˵
ãȥϢתս˧ܹҵ٣˵ҪԼκò
ţȻعҽˣնϵ
ҽߣ
ǱҲûնϵս˧ǿųȥսš
ս˧ڰ칫￴ļͻȻ£ʲô𣿡
ǷݼѾѹ˺ܶ࣬ҹҪ㱨
һ£ղҽҡҪ뿪(qng)˵һ顣
ս˧Ĭ̾˿Ȼס
ôҽǵսҽԺȷʵЩˣҲ᲻÷֡
ھᣬ׳˵ڶ£ҽ˵Ѿ׼ã԰æѰҴˣ
ʲôս˧һ´վЩʧ̬˵Ŀ԰æϴˣ
ô˵ģʲôʱ׼ˣȥ
䣬ýٴţ
ս˧һס(qng)ҽûʱ䣬Ҵȥݷá
ҡҡͷʰɡ
ն˲ĺ룬ܿ߳ɹ
û£ҲҵɵӦ(qng)Ǿͬˡ
绰ѰһĿ㻹æˣ
һǣҿһῴĹҽء
Ҫôң֪ս˧ĴѾˣѲҪʬǣѰЩʡ
ĵôʬǣûȻȥˡ
ûļٵģ˭˵ģѰٴξ˾
()

1297.1297 ֻԿǣ

1297 ֻԿǣ
Ѱ֮ǰʱͬϵ˶˲顣
ս˧ӵ(qng)ˣüˡ
Լ˵ģ
ô֪ûģѰü
û˵Ȼġ
ģô㣿ѰʱȤ
ˣŮòƻһֺ
֮ǰȥ˿μҰƵ鵽һ˶࣬ҿδûзһЩ(qng)
˳˲飬˵(qng)ȫˡ
ԭҪʵģɺˡ
ͷİڰ֣̫ˣôûش㣬һִУ˵Ҳ
̬Ѱ˦ˣر棬èץһ
˵ĳ嶯˵ȥҳԷ
˳ôս˧˵ġ
üϷҪƱġ
Ѱ˳ǣŮǸӲӥ()ӣҪʲôƱ
߼ƱɡȱλϡѰĸ߼ҩģſ϶Ѳһ
Ѱ뿴Ϸֻҧгݵ˵嵥ҡ
ѾһĽÿʵԿֻǵ㶫⡣
ܼҡ
ţҲ֪ʲôʱܹһֻԿǣ
ЦеĽҪĲϷЩҲǰҪģôϵķϣƳҩһų֤㲻ʧġ
һӸǿɳչǰᣬȻһֱѹեһܲˣû˸ǴǵڲϢҪ޵ġ
Ѱ۾ҩҩӣ
(ƨp)ûĵһۣҩôܺ͵ҩᲢۣͲһȼ𣿡
ҩҪڻʩӾƣѶҪ߳ܶ࣬ܵЧءһӵ
ѰһٴҪˣŮ̫ˡ
Ҵû˵ʲôҩҲû˵
ЦЦΪûҪʶ
(i)ҪҪ
ƳĵҩЧɱҩҪöˣѰ()ҩʦ֪֮ûĺĺȤͲˡ
ȻҪҺһؼңѰٴҧгݣ˵ת()뿪
˵ĵҩﻹǺܺģϾŮóĶòƾûвġ
()

1298.1298 ƭ˵

1298 ƭ˵
°Ѱ˱
ƾȥǣϻؼ£ʹȥֿӰˡ
صҺҲˣ棬˼ɰ
Ͻͳ°ɡ˵ԹԵĳ
ѰһξǱըģԳԲͬ͵û
һ͵ȻϤζ˶ɵø(qng)
Ҳ֪ΪʲôŮĶʲôôóԡ
˳棬ܻʰѰȥ˿
ûᣬս˧һݷá
()˽ӽΪǸԵһ衣
ҽ˼ˣս˧ӹƵЦ˵
Ц֮ǰҾʹӦս˧ҪæѰҴ٣ս˧ˣ
Ų豭̧ͷؿһϣ͸ӵĻɣҵҴ𣿡
Ӹ˵˴û(qng)ȻǸ˵ġ
ȴλҽ˵̫Īˣû˵˵ֶΣƭ˵Ŀ()ܴ
ϣܱҵĺìܡ
Ҳ֪ѧĶڶڱ˵ô׽ܣִзˮѧȴûС
΢΢һЦܲҵ˵Ҳûã˲֤ʵ
ھͿʼ֤ʵ𣿡Ȳʡ
ս˧һۣʲôҽı²ģأ
̫˵㣬Ҫǵҽô죿
ȴЦЦްȻżھͿʼɡ
ս˧ҲǺ֪ġ
ս˧ˬĵͷҽ˵ĲȷʵҲ֪ϴ䡣
ȻˣҲͲҽ(to)ˣæѰҰɡ
ʣҪʲô𣿡
·Ŀڴöűңݸս˧˵鷳ս˧űҴĬŴٵ֡
ս˧е£ҪΪʲôҪӲҴ
ֻҲûоܾӹűҰ˵߶Ŵӵ֣
ӲҽӣҲһ顣
һֺܻĸоʱܻλҽƭ˵ģҪվ()뿪ĳ嶯
ޱȣҲͶϿֻѹֳ嶯ӹű
˴֮ӹöűңڹűҡҡȻǰϡ
()

1299.1299 

1299 
ҷˮﴫеģʮֵ
֮ǰоռöǧǰĹűңһֱ()
ôԶѰˣͨû취ģȴԲ㡣
λǸԸָȡһξѪűҡս˧˵
ս˧ԥĸָѹһѪŹűҵ¡
˫ֽӡ˹űϡ
˾ȵһĻˣֻľѪδմȾűңŹűһεľȻɢΪѪ
ҲһĻعҲһѪȥ
ͬٴνӡűϣٵѪ̼仯ΪѪ
ҸѪѸںһǹһ
ץϵĹűңעѪٴһͶιűҡ
ÿͶһΣĿﶼһ
һͶ꣬˫ˮ⣬˫ֺϲһʳָŹűһ
ͻȻѪ仯ëīһ㡣
Ƭ̺Ѫٱ仯һͼǰ
ɫͻȻЩףͷϻһϸ˵Ϣή˺ܶࡣ
ѰǱղһޱȾסͻȻģԾʵû°ɣ
ҡҡͷû£ղЩϢָͺˣ
ս˧׼ʣô˵˿ҽҪҪϢ£
ЦЦãѾ˴ڵķλá
ǺѪǵѪȥӦϿڶϷλá
ָָѪɵĵͼѪӦγɵСͼپط
Ҷǲ죬ԻҪս˧ȥҺ͵ͼƵĵط
˶˵ϿٰȻһԼѪΪһӤǿԴȥѰҡ
ʲô˼һӣս˧ɴ۾Ȳѡ
ȻøղŵһĻɻǰŰɣҴҪǰȻΪʲôȴϵأ
Ҳս˧벻ͨĵطܳȣТģܻȴװͼϵ
ǰΪʲôϵأ
ڵռĽԲܹˣϵֿܡ
һΪͷʧˣԲǵǰ£Ȼ޷ϵ
()

1300.1300 ҵ

1300 ҵ
ս˧뿴
һأ
صһ־ʲô֮类Юˡβܺϵȡ
ֻҸڵһ֡
˶˵һ֣Ҫҵ֪
ҲֻܰǵˣʣµĻҪԼȥѰҡ
һռѰˣȻɹˣǺķѵľ٣춼ûٶ
ս˧ΪϣͣҴߣĹҽһܰҵӵġ
ô˵ҲûлɣãͽԼȥˣ
ллҽˣҪ˳ҵҴӣһúñġоóϢȽήңأǺܸмġ
ЦЦս˧ˣ
ָָϿյѪͼ˵ǸϿնѰطɣѪֻάһСʱңҪɢǾˣҶʱ޷۳ڶΡ
ս˧һãǸϿҡ
λǵĶϷϵǼɣӦһ
˵ҲпܣǾͲˡ
ãս˧˵ͷ
óһ£Ѱ˵ҲæңϢᡣ
һļ͹۲Աǿ˵ܰæ
Ѱ϶ðæڵһοɫ԰¶δйήңЭˡ
УҰæң
Ѱóն˵㿪ͼæңЦŵͷȻɳϱĿָ
ռȻĲСҲȴռ֮˸ȤرǸղųɹʶðûекһ޷ݵĶ
ҵĴйȻܶණ˵ϡ
ʮӺ󣬼˻δҳƵĵطԽԽѪս˧ɫѡ
űĿȥԥҪҪ
ȥѪһɢͼҲûˡ
ٺҲŲѣϷλǺͰ壬ǸԻһѰң̫ˣһСʱʱͲ
ۿʱһĹȥѪԽԽϣơ
ս˧׼ʱѰĿڵҵˣ
ҽҵˣŵʡ
ѰնϵĵͼͶӰԼԱȿǲǡ
ʱѪȻ˺ܶ࣬ͼδɢͶӰϵĵͼһһԱ
()

1301.1301 Բɺ

1301 Բɺ
ϸĶԱߣѪ׵ɢ
ս˧ȭͷ˵ͶӰϵĵطѪʾĵͼҿһġ
ҲҶԱҲһġ
ҽ鷳֪ս˧¶ģʡ
̫ˣѪɵĵͼʵǳصͼһǲǴţ
ѰҲΪܵ˼ĶҡĶ޷ÿѧ͡
ս˧ôʣѰŻ񣬡ʲǣ˰ϵһС
ս˧նϵ˰ǵͼһ𾪡
֣ôˣټ״̲סʡ
ս˧˫ٴνգҸղŲ鿴£統սĵطȻŰǸǿգԲɺϡ
һŰϣھ͹ȥ(qng)վ()
Ҳޱȣϲôɺϵ(qng)ѵλҽܿһѪùűռ˵ķλ
Ҫûס
ʵڶúܻʵǰǷɼ˺ܶࡣ
ȻҲȫͿ϶ռãϾҵ֤ʵ
ãھ㸸ȥʲѰҴ硣ô˵ֻҪһ˿ãϣǶܷŹ
ս˧ͷҪкɼڱ۴˯һԥ
Ѱҽտս˧ǿȥ˰ɡ
ս˧ŵͷҽ鷳תҽˣҵ˺Ÿл
ҪܽһǴ
Ѱصã
ս˧ʹѸ뿪ֱӿŸȥսǺվ׼սȥ
ͬʱҲȥʲöӵƬѰңһӤϢҲȥѰҡ
ս˧ߺδ
˯ˣǲ֪г뵽һֺ״̬һӿǰԴռһϺܶ಻ĵطҲǵõʲôһһ¾ڻͨˡ
Ѱ״ԥҪҪɫɺܲ԰ףϢһ
׼˽
ɫԱŵѰһ첽˹ȥ
ȶѰʣôˣ
ѰסڲԶıȻǵһȴ诣ôʾͽ֮ǰ(qng)˵һ顣
()

1302.1302 ֻѵ

1302 ֻѵ
֪ôȴû뵽ʹ֮Ļô
ԱߣõϢ
ΪϤϢûͷ
ϸĸ֪£ʲô֮УҲǺ¡
ѰЩŵʣôˣҪҪ
()(qng)()ҲһҽӲʲôģ״ֺ̬ܲԾ
诰ڰ˵ãý뵽һֶ״̬֮ͻԼ
ڻǲҪֻѵá˵ֵĻ̫ϡ٣ɲӰ졣
Ѱȫ޷˵Ķ״̬ȴҲûз
ʵʹõĸֶζȫȻô˵Ǿʹûˡ
û¾ͺãҲĪ˿ԼûзָղſģһĽŹ(qng)ʲôԾ
Ҿˣָֻ˱ĵĮ롣
ЦЦãߣ
Ѱ()Ŵȥ뿪ʱʲôתͷҪˣҷϢ
ã诵ͷ
Ѱ뿪翴Щĵʣû°ɣôоϢ޵ġ
读صû£뵽һ״̬оͻ(qng)İɡ
ţʣҪ𣿡
ãԺûĻˣҽ˯ɳͺá˵
ҪȻҲᵥط䣬ﴦ˾ɡ
Ҫȥǿ˾֮ǰļƻҪ޸ġ
ţ()()ߣն˿š
һ붨죬۾ͼ˯ڲԶɳϣԱߡ
һʱ͸֪ˣ̧ͷĵʣû°ɣ
û£(ͦͦ)õģվ()˶
˵Ҳ˹ˣ
ȾһЦ⣬ܺãȻĵıȽȴ֮ǰĴȫˡ
ǸˮĴ𣿡诶֪ġ
ͷǰ
ߵ诵Ա£˿࣬㣬λк
ӣЦ㲻ðܿ()ˣ
ǰҲֶ֮ˮ׼׵ˡ
ʱ˼ȤҲ
()

1303.1303 ۹

1303 ۹
ȥ
ں̸𣿡ܿͿ˳
Цǰ㿴ʲôˣ
˵̸ĺ˳ӦòͶԷ
ԭɢɫ˼֣ܿΪʲôͶԷ
湤(qng)ٻõ˵Ŷûи֪֪ˡ
ԷƭӰɡ
һܿ
ԭ׼ڱ򿪹˾̣һ̸ñȽϺãܾò̫Ծ
˽ϸ˲飬÷ȥ˶Էնˣ֪ǸƭӣԲ׼˭ͨνͿ˳
诽Цϻÿѧ񣬵Ȼˣ
СֻҪǸȤģûѧġ
Цˣ
ǣ۹⣡ĸ첲
׼˵ն˾ˣѰһϢ
𣿡
ָѣôˣ
ս˧ǱҵӣѾǿŰǷпܻݷ㡣Ѱ˸ս˧˵õϢ
ҲٴγһصһŨŨ̽Ȥ
⣬Ͼôأţ֪ˣ
컹ȥҽԺ𣿡Ѱʡ
ȥˣڼϢص
аɣѰԭ׼ȥҽԺϰ뷨Ҳˡ
붨оӶȥ˷˺ͽһԡ
һ߳һ߿ʣ㻹׼ŪױƷʲô𣿡
Ū̧ͷȻƷͻױƷӦúܻӭ
ȵǣȥƸⷽ湤Աˮߣ(to)ƷҸ䷽С
˶˵һ뽫ĶƷչʱȥ⼸ŻǻרŸֲֵƶ֮ܿƷ˾
ҲֲƷͻױƷᴿԼֲġ
罫˵ļ£û⣬ͿûкʵĻǻǡ
ϵʽˣҪ⼸Żûġ
Цʣȥǣ㻹ҪȥҽԺ𣿡
صӦòȥҽԺˣǿһûУûҡ
ʦȥһ׹˾ϰ࣬Ҳ׼ȥ
()

1304.1304 뵽һ

1304 뵽һ
֮ǰߵսҽԺ˺ܶء
ڱ򲡶¼м͸˶Ҫǿ˼Ϊս˼ɵ
ȥսҽԺϰ࣬ҲһֽƣԲŻӦս˧ˡ
ÿһܴ󣬳ǷǳҪţȥ鿴ڶȥע(qng)
ڱǺˣǾͻǸС͸
ͷǱߵսűȽϸӣ㲻ȥսҽԺϰҲǶԵġ
ȥһ׹˾йչˣʺϡ
Ҳôġǣսű˴˵ȥսţˮ
ʣҪķĹ˾أ
Цԭ׼Ƚһ˾ҪȥǾͷϾǱ߾̫֮ǰһ˾пһͻᱻѹùš
ûκε̺˾ûκơ
ڼƻȿһʳƷ˾Ƚ㣬ȻչһƷ˾ȻܵԴչٿ˾
Ц˵Ȼҷһ()츳̫˷ˡ
о͵ڶ˾ĺЧܺá
ǰʱ򣬷Ū˻ֱϾΪˣܶ˶治ѡ
ԭ绹׼ǸֱƵͷ棬ҪȥǾֻʱȡƻˡ
ǿѹͷߣȥǻŪ㲻ǺעĲҵӪȵԼΪǿǾˡ
ŪĶԲžԵģ⼸ų׾ת͡
֪ôǵģ˼Ƭ̵ҲǣǴС۸ˮ̫ˣǲȥȵ͵㡣
ҾȥֲǵãͿԿʼֲƶˣƷûеĶӦòԿʳƷ˾Ǻĵġ
ͷЦţʱٶӵƷȥ()()㳦ȡ
(ͦͦ)ϲ()()()㳦ͬûУķֻᣬҲơ
Ц뵽һˡ
ʳҵȻûıӪúҲǾ۱衣
Ĺⷽļƻ诲ʱһὨ飬Ĺ˾߻ȫˡ
극ӵս˧磬˼ǽҵĴݷãͬˡ
()

1305.1305 ̫

1305 ̫
磬ȥ԰ɢһѼµҡź()裬ʮʡ
Ѱս˧˽Ϳ⸱۵Ļ档
˽()
ս˧ˣŽߵԶ£Լ˱һơ
Щ±Ƶģڻ԰á
߹£ս˧ŴδЦԭٻŪ(ͦͦ)ÿġ
ĵʱŪģΪ˵˲衣
Ѱʿ϶Ϸġ
ûȴһȥӢ(ͦͦ)һ()ӣòҲ֪˭ˡ
ҽʲôʲôս˧һ֯װƷ˿ЩС⻹(ͦͦ)ϲġ
¶ϲ֪(qng)
ĿҲװƷСϣֹƷòطҲûУս˧òӦûгģýչ¡
ս˧ˣ
Ŀ()ϣλ´ٰɡ
ս˧дŴ(i)ЦǣҼϴ󡣡
ҽĹҽ̫ˣѪĵͼṩ㣬ȥǿŰǾҵ
㣬Ƿǳоġ
ۿŻܻĳǰʧõ(qng)޷һжǶ
´Ҳ˵ԼҵȫλŮҽ㣬ĸ׺͵ܵһ֪̾ȴ̫ˡ
˵ʲôֲ֪οڡ
ٴο˿ӵٵԲ˻δָ֮ǰǲǼȫʧˣ
ս˧ȿڵҽ㣬ҵʱǵˡ
̾˿ڶǵˣҪȥҽԺӼֵƬȷ⺢ӶԸһء
ǱҽˣӵԲʲôǵˣ׹ǿŰǣȻһŮӾ𣬲ͶԷһӡ
ĿƵĿҽ㿴Ҷʧ֢𣿡
صҪУ
٣ҰѰͷɣʡ
´ٳĬһᣬǵͷ⣡
Ϊ˰վ()ͷ
ͷлһЩѪ֮ǰӦýѪųˣܿѹȵ˼񾭣һֱ޷ָ
ҲΪÿ¶һʱ俴嶫˯ͷ()ѣӰ컹(ͦͦ)ġ
()

1306.1306 Ҫְ֡

1306 Ҫְ֡
˵꣬´£Ȼû뵽˵׼ˡ
ֻҲ֪ԼǿŰϣŹŪĸס
ĻĲ(qng)˽ҲǵĲͼ¼С
ս˧ŵʣҽ𣿡
صλصҿý뽫ͷѪų­мǸСҩ޸Ѫ׸ɾ󣬾ָܻ䣬ǰЩ֢Ҳȫ
ս˧Щ˵Ҿ֪ҽ϶Σ̫ˣ
ҽԺǱߵ֪ѪҪȥųܻܿϹ
ȥսҽԺһ飬óҲͬĽϴ󲻵Ϲӣʱͷͣܲˡ
뵽ҽ˹ݷãһΪ˸лҲҪܲơ
ûаҽҲûʧ
´ЩӵĿʣΪҳκԼ
ⲡȥǵĴҽԺǱƺͰҽԺһģȥȡѪ
˾Ȼ˵ΪƿЩ̫š
ŵ˵ȷԼܣֻǿ費Ҫˡ
´ٻûлشս˧һȻҪˣ⺢ڰǴɵˣҽ
Ȼ˶һۣҽ˵ΣǾͿΣû
ձһ´٣
ԭҲŻɵٹ˹ĸ첲磬İɣҽȬ
ֺ͵ܵĪǱ˽ͷ
˶˵ˣܲ
ֻܳһЦݣΣ鷳ҽˣ
ͷУҪʲôʱأ
ҸղѪ˲٣Ҫǲų۾Ҫˡ
ЦЦĿӣڵͷǲϸһܣ()ʱ۾Ứʮ֮Żָ
ô۵ûһ־(ͦͦ)ǿ
⻰´ٵɫ£Ϊȫ˵ˡ
Ͳǵǰ£ֱǰ츸׺͵ܵҵһȥӼҲ()ϸоиС
츸ҪлȻͷ۵ǲĺ⡣
ȴû뵽ҽֻͷжϳˡ
Ҳмֱ£
Ѱ´ٴӲŵڵİŰɣò˶þͻҪְ֡ˡ
()

1307.1307 ô

1307 ô
ս˧Ҳû뵽ӾȻһֱͷۣһ·ʲô˵۲ѡ
ҽ㿴пܲȰ룿
ףʱ䣬ҪƵĻȻطɡ
ս˧´վã
´վ()ǰ˻׵ĸ첲֧վȺָȫֺ˵Ķϡ
һ˽˱ӿռóһרõ()̡
ָָ()˵ȥΪ룬ȻĿϢСʱͷͲˣ
ֵز´Ȼܾã
ߵ()Ьɺá
˫ϴϴΪͷʮ롣
һһ߻Ѱԭ
óһ´ͷһλãϵ鶯
ܿ죬´ٵͷһεΰɫѪ˳Ǹ
ȲѪŽȡ˳
´˼󣬸оһɺǿ⽥ģ˯˹ȥ
ȥΪҩ࣬ȿŵ㣬Сʱ룡ϴֶѰ˵
Ѱͷã
ֲ˻ҽĻҲֻʱһ·
ղ´ͷ­(qng)ӳճͷ­֮ȷʵһСʱѪ
СȴԲ񾭲ƣ޷­޲пӰ쵽񾭣ɸ˺
ķȴȫֲѵ㣬ò̾Ϊ񼼡
´ǲͷˣҩܲ޸Сһ㶼ɡ
СʱѰȡ¡
´Ҳˣ()Դ
ͷ۵ԽԽѾܾûкú˯ղžȻ˯ˣ˯ú졣
һ˶о˺ܶ࣬ҪͷĲˡ
оΣս˧ǰĵʡ
´Ц˵ͷѾˣҽȷʵ
ǣҽı()˵ܶ˿ܶţ֪ˡս˧ļ
ֹһᣬҩ˳һЩҩ´֮ǰųѪĵط
˽ƿս˧ҩһһΣָܻˡ
ս˧ӹƿǻҪʩ𣿡
ҪͺȥҽԺһģͷ­Ѫȫųҩա
ս˧ͷãȥҽԺġ
ûʲôˡ´˵Ҳʧߡ
´ٴ()()ڶҽôɣϾˡ
ãлҽ׼ʱȥҽԺĵġ
()

1308.1308 㿴ģ

1308 㿴ģ
Դͷ۲ʼڣ´ٻǵһθо˶˺ܶࡣ
֮޷ΪԼƾһҲõϿɡ
ҽԺÿƺȻʹ٣ͷȴǱʲôһܡ
ãȥսҽԺСȫ
һڿ£ȲԵġ
Ƴٵڵ٣üɢң淺һһ١
ŵĳԵ٣һ((Ʊ))Ŀһ٣ʲô˼
򵥵ķΪŮ˺ͱ˷ͻѪ֮֡
ٴ˴ǰɣ
ս˧ڶһţæڣܱܻܲ⣿
صܿĻԺһٻӦˡ
ӿռóһöƽݸ٣㽫()ϣܱƽ
ٽӹŵ()Ŀڴллҽ
˵ȫ̫ˣ(qng)ڵǰʵҲ֪òš
()ϲûʲôӰ죬ѡԣҸο
һᣬ¼ҸӲ뿪
Ѱ˵ҲҿΣ
ǰѰʵģڵܹһЩ˫ss츳ܵȼͣҿĲȫ
ûϵҾЩ档Ѱչ֡
ϸ˿ĸţӦʱ뿪ġ
Ѱ
Сʱ˲ٿ࣬һ·ƽ˳󡣡
һķ̬()ѲΪϧ̫ࡣ
Ѱ򴽣Ȼأ
ҡҡͷûȻˣֻܴ￴
ҵܳ㣬Ҳܿ
Ѿʮܣڻ޷͸Ѱ࣬˵˲ʮһʮ
ʮĻ츳͵ȼеֲ
Ѱüҽģ
һֲۣ񣬵Ȼ޷쵽(qng)ˡ
ҪҵʲôҩأѰת˻⡣
̯̯֣Ҷ붨أûʱƣ㡣
ҵţѰ()˼ͻȻعͷʣأ
û뵽ôʣʵ˵֪СʱǾͻȻʧˡ
Ѱһ㶣ʧˣ𣿡
ĪΪʲôҪޣǿ϶ǹʧġ
()

1309.1309 ʲôˣ

1309 ʲôˣ
Ѱ֪ʲôʣǹأ
˵ǹģǵѡǣԺҲǡ

ǿ϶ǹġǿ
ǵСʱúܳ(i)ͻȻʧҲΪ̤뵽ʲôط˴ͣеĳѾȷ
ŰãѰʱĸоЩ¼ţΪԼҴһ
ѰɫĿǰ(qng)ΪһգҶˣ
ſ첽뿪е£ʲôˣ
ղŵĻʲô϶һĸĸйϵ
Բ˺üѪòƶоѰԲ
ܿҡҡͷ룬ԺӴʱ仹ܻ࣬Ūһ()
ս˧ٽеķóо¡
´ټ״¶һеЦݣʲô𣿡
ڨڨЦЦûУоֺĿʲô
ս˧ûĿúɱŪˣ
ǲԼŮѣ
ҡҡͷûа
ôᷢһأս˧°͡
ʼ磬ô֪ҽ춼û׼ȥء
ҪڼˣŶҽ˵Ļôš
ս˧ҲЩɻ󣬵ȴܾ˵
ʱٵնˣ˵˻ỰҶϺеķС
Ҫȥս˧Ǻ˽ӵġ
ٵͷһǽ(r)֮ǰԼˣæˣղŴ绰˵ص㣬Ҳ
СģǧŮմȾս˧
йԹԵͷ֪ˣ
ϣٿųȥμѵᡣ
´վڷ俴ŵܵ뿪Ժһֱ˵Ļ³ţĵĸȥ
ٵѻĵطһʼСŮ˸ԶԶģ·ʲôһ١
ֱǳ극ֳhiҲû£ͽʲôһٵ(qng)һߣ˲پơ
ۻѹ¥׼Իؼҡ
ͻȻԱߵһ˾ȵĵ٣ǲŮѰ
еûӦ̧ͷͼָŲԶתͷ˹ȥ
˲ֻŮһ˧ӣһߵ¥
Ů˿ŷӵĿУǺڵ(qng)ࡣ
Ҳʶͷû뵽˾Ȼһ
()

1310.1310 

1310 
ǿ˶ԷǱߵҲǡ
˿ٺ۾Ůֱ§ڻһڡ
ŮΪǲ෽ģûп١
§һڣһЩȴûзȻ(qng)
ٺ˲پƣⱻñӵһĻﻹ̵ס
ͳȥһȭ˴ȥ
ҲǳصģſŮѸٵĺһš
Ůſ٣ɫ˲˰ףҪȥ͡
˴˲
ߵѼԼֵܱñӣ̲ͬסȥ͸ɡ
˵()вˣ״
ܿ죬˻սһ𣬴ļҡ
Ϊս˧ս˽ռϷ˰ڵһȭȭĴ
Ů˼״ȦˣǰҪ
ٸŮ˦Եϵ˴ĸ
ʱŮͻȻԱһƵĻƿ˭ûз(qng)£ֱֱĳٵͷȥ
ֻǰһڣѪͷ˳յ¡
ŵĿһֱŮѣȻң
Ů˿ҡͷҲǹģ((Ʊ))ҵģˣ
һŭ죬ֻǻûȷһ¾˹ȥ
һĻϹ´ٿˣĽ˽
һŵҲ֣ͣ˭û뵽Ů˵ô󣬾Ҷٶ֡
´ٳ첽߹ȥԵĵܱܵǿһɨǸŮһۣſ첽߳ȥսҽԺ
˵ľҲˣһ϶¶˺µ񣬽Ҫǳʲô£ǶҪǴ鷳
ս˧ΪĻҪ˯ˣɻ()ӵСӻ
˭֪ӵһ绰ɫһߣæȥҽԺ
ʱҵŸպô򿪡
ҽӭս˧
Ҷôˣս˧ŵʡ
ҽصѾΣˣǸ󣬷պͷĵطɱѾˣֻ˵Ѫûд󰭡
ٲűʱǻһȴ˿ڲ̲ס˿λԼá
ս˧һʣ(qng)ͷλã
ҽҲпֱӵ(qng)õĻҲпܳΪֲˡ
(qng)֮һļʣ̫ˡ̾
()

1311.1311 ò

1311 ò
ս˧ҽĻ̲סֺ¡
ǰߵ()ԣ֮ǰڿڴŷ
̳ʱﻹʲôֻһѾȼչĺڻҡ
ϤģϴҰʱ͹һö
ܵǵŻ׹ڴΪ˾ҪʱȴΪǷ
ͬɺڻҵķʱҲˣǶ죬Ϊνƽ
´Ҳս˧ĺڻңýȥҽ
ӱҳ˹(qng)һνͷ޵Ƶ
ҲȻûޱȣȴòš
ܣŵల£и׼ȥϵš
˭뵽ųͷ(qng)Ҳ͵ķ룬о²ѡ
ҽЩĪĿӣٱϮҽʲôϵ
ϵ֮ɫûжʡ
ս˧Ƚ͵۲£ҪûܳԺˡ
˿ڵǼ򵥣ֱӷ˳̶Գ
ս˧ͷ͹ȥɡ
ҽ뿪ս˧оŭ𣬡˭ͷҳģ
ڱ򣬾Ȼ˵ô󣬾ȻҲ㽫ˡ
ԴܵȥĴõľǶٳ⡣
˭ҶӣǾǺΪС
´̾˿ҽ˵ģһ٣
ڵʱ(qng)˵һ顣
ս˧ϵŭŨܺãǸŮΪԼǸˣΪô
ƽŮˣžͲ֣һֱͬǵ(qng)ȴǱסһһš
ߵ˵ҿʵϲķ϶ûǿвɢǰʱ仹ͬҪȢŵھȻҸһ浱ӵĶȱŮ𣿡
Ů˽Լ̫ˡڵܱܵȥȵʱ´Ѿ˲ǸŮ˵(qng)
ƽƽһĴѧһߴ򹤣һǿ͵
͵ܵһҲһֱûиɫʱƣ˵ܵܵע⣬ȥ׷
һŽ׷֣ƽҪʲôʲôһĳ衣
Ů˵ļҲ˱ܵȫ˺ù
֮Ů˻ûк͵ܵܺõʱ򣬾ͺ͵ܵܵͷùֻǱ˦ˡ
()

1312.1312 һжȥ

1312 һжȥ
Ҳ֪ǳ(i)ǸˣԷ½ӴŮ˾ͱȥ
ܱܵñӣڻԴ
֣׼ôأ´ʡ
ҪǻĻֱŮһУν(i)᲻ΪҶ¼ҡ
ս˧˵ܵ
´ٵͷУ
ȥţҹתѣڼȵʱҽԺѾơ
һ¾ͻعˣʲôһ
Ųİְֺ͸磬Ȧ˺죬֡磡
ⲻǶӵĴս˧߹ȥļ򣬡û¾ͺãҲҽķõĽǱֲˡ
ٵͷ֪ʱһƿӱͷϣҸоһΣ
ȻӶɢһƿӵжҸоǷ֮˹ȥҲһ¡
õʱȻôҽĻСĵĽ()()ϡ
ս˧̾ҽ϶һжȥˡ
ǸŮ׼ô죿ͷСʡ
һ֮ǰҵ(qng)ܵýϲŮˣҪǺġ
˱۾󿪿ڵǴɣҲٿˡ
ŸҶӦеģŮ˲ֵϲս˧ĵͷ
ڴѾʧˣܾĻ޷ء
̧ͷ´˵磬Һһȥҽ
´ã
ٴ˯ţս˧´ٳ˲
ǸŮ˵(qng)ͽȥˣҸñӵҲŹˡս˧¶һĨ֮ɫ
´ٵͷãһᴦġ
ڶ죬յ칫ңѰͽ(qng)˵һ顣
⣬һеأҲңⱲӾǵֲ˵ˣ
ѰڶȤ˺ܶ࣬ĶȤ
ǸʲôƽһţѰ˵뵽()ӣһ䣬򣡡
ĵûá
ΪʲôǲҰɣѰü
˵ܱܶûУǶټܵϮɾܷˣǷ˼ߵĹûˡ
⻹ģ߶ûá
Ѱô˵ŷǷԭơ
תһҲԣҪǶ˭ãҲֲ̫ˡ
()

1313.1313 

1313 
㻹´ٴٳ˹ҽơ
˽칫ң´ȸмĿڣҽл͸ҵܵܵķ롣
ЦЦҲãպúһңһӶҪҽԺˡ
ٵñܿˣԺ°ɡ
ҲǰˣȥǱġ
ڶѾȫûа˿ɣ䵱żͷ֪ˣһĶ¡
һ٣֮˳ܶࡣ
˵ԵҲõģһγɵһٹͻʺԼˡ
֮ǰֻܿٻһ٣Ѱ˵ǸŮ˵(qng)ɵЩͬ(qng)λ
Ůһڵģֻϧ(qng)Ҫе
˵Ļɹٻڵŵģˣллҽ
ǷһԺ¿ɾҡ()֤
ЦУҾͼˡ
´˵ǿʼʩɡ
ã´ٶ̬Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
Ϊ´ģһ´ٻڳ˯
ʣҽҸôûѣҪ𣿡
ڰ֣ã˯ָܻˣȲҪţ
ٵɴ۾ô찡
Լ޸ˣȻָܻ䣡Ц
ԼһСʱ´ٴ˯˫żãѡ
ˣǲǻָˣ()Ϸټ״˹ʡ
´Цһ£ô֪ģ
Ȼ˵ҽҵģˣ
´ȷʵѾָеļ䣬֮ǰżҽĲź͸ֻɣʧЦǰ̫ˣ޷š
رϿɣԶԣ
̸䣬˽Ϊ´ּһ飬ˣѾȫָԺֻҪˣͲк֢
лҽҲǷһ(qng)ȡ֡´ֺա
뿪Ц(qng)ðǵ(qng)ֵǮˣ
ԭģ߲Ŷӵæ
ֵվ⣬һһĿﶼ˸̾ô˿ϧס
ս˧ִŸл˺ܶƷʵϡҩΪлûоܾˡ
()

1314.1314 

1314 
ҽԺæһ£תƵҽ()ϣ˼
ҽȻ᲻뿪֪ҪȥǷչҲú̫ˡ
깤뿪սҽԺ
ѰҲȥʵϰҽְ׼ȥǡ
֪Ҫ뿪һܲᣬ뿪ܶ˸Է
ҽԺδֵ(qng)ҽ״˵ζ
ֻ޲ɢϯ
ߵͣͼ忿ϡ
첽߹ȥܵͷ屧˱
Ķͷһڣˣ
ǳȥԷȻȥֿӰɡ§˵
ᷴԣţģ
(r)˳վڲԶ׼䳵ѰͣסŲޱ(qng)վһᣬת()뿪
þûм棬ǣȥ(qng)ͣ˲·ȥһӰ
ǣֻؼҡ
صҺ˸Իطϴ衣
ϴ꣬ܵķţΪͷ
˵𣿡ĿڷϣԼͷ
ЦʣǰǷչ𣿡
԰ʣôģ
ȻȥҾȥˣɲϱط־̫Զ
˵˸һ򶼱ȽԶȥǷչȻѾıˡ
ǾͳǰˣҺͽȥμǸװƴ
̾˿Ҳ֪ܲ˳衣
޳ָ㷢ﴩ󣬡һܼģӦûаš
ţϣɡͷ
սӺһȥ𣿡ʡ
Ц˵ŪһǼʷɴʱиǡ
ȥ֮׼սڸȸɼƱ˵
׼һ𣬷񶨵ʱǱǵŷ֣Σա
Ҳ£
£ͷǲȥǣ԰ȫΪء
㻹źأɲ˳ײˡͷ˵
ţȶ˵
(r)һᣬһȥ()ˢնˣһȥ˼Ϸ
󣬷Ҳû뿪һ˯
ûԽ죬˴֮䶼׼֮ٽһչ
ʱҶ׼ǰǵ׼
()

1315.1315 鷳

1315 鷳
Ź͡
һЩϲԵĸ㣬ȥ԰Ȳġ
Ѿ˺ҪõĹۣȽæʱ诡
Ц˵Ҳһȥǡ
诽һϲ̫ˣ
ЦһģԲ׼ȥǿ۽硣
Ȼ⹫֮ǰǹҲֻȥΣ֣ûгڴ
ǰȥܵҪΪ⹫()ҪƲǱȥģ(i)
ڣȤͱˡ
诵ҿɻҪһ𿪳ء
诿µģʧЦУҵʵĵ̣Ǿһ𿪸ꡣ
֮ǰֻ£˭֪ˡ
ö(qng)ҲţҲΣڡ
Ҿ֪ˣ˲诵ļ̫ˡ
ϿŮ˹ϵãҲ¶˴(i)Цݣľȥɡ
ֻҪŮ˾ͺãʲôܶš
º͵Ŀ˵ɴƱѾˣǾһǰǡ
Сͽܣһ⣬ôҪȥȥ
Цŵͷã
³һӵĲˣԵŲˡ
ƾҲڵڶ߷ֲ˾תְ
ԭԲģȴĲá
˵һ̤ȥǵķɴ
ǳǺ˾÷ɴвÿ͡
ս˧ڶʮָмǰһһٷ
λһҷɴʮսʿиڷɴ󱣻
սҲԼķɴһĺ档
Ƭ߼ʮֵӴ󣬴ӱȥҪһܵʱ䡣
ɴϣʱ䶼ڸŹѧϰס
ܿ죬ʱһζ
磬һȥɴĲԷ
ͻȻԶһһȥ͵ĸ()ڣ˲죬һµ˵ϡ
()߸һŮӣ״񣬡ˣ
ɴ䱸ҽģܿһҽ
Ϊϸ˼һ飬Ǽ()ಡ
Ҳڲϵ½˵
ҽɫ˱䣬ͻ()ಡ鷳ˣ
˲ȥ˼ȴʩȴûжá
ϸԭǺٺ죬ʼףǳΣյס
()

1316.1316 ԼȻô

1316 ԼȻô
״֪ȥ˾ˡ
վ()߹ȥ˵ҲҽͻĲಡѪҺྷΣַǾȲ˵ġ
ҽ̧ͷһĪ˵㶼ûм飬ͺжϲ(qng)ˣ
Ҫǳʲô(qng)ܸ𣿡
˵֮ǰڱǵսҽԺҽƹҲе֮ܿ
Ҳҿ϶ּ
ʱͻȻ˾ҽǸɱֵҽ
ڱΪԴѾͰȡһŽСɱ֡
ʩȵҽԭŵ˲(r)(qng)ޱȣѹֿЩ죬ԭҽ
()Ϊҽھûм֪ġ
վ()ҽȻжĲ(qng)ܲ鷳ְæ£
ȷʵΪˣ˰죬ϸ˵½ĸٵȥ˾Ҫڷɴˡ
ԭΪҪһܰƣû뵽ԼȻôˡ
˵ã֣
Ϊϸ˰˰ֲ鿴һ()(qng)
ҪΪѹѪҺ滺ྷε⣬Σա
̧ͷ긾Ůǵķһ䣿
긾Ůæվ()Ҵȥ
鷳㽫˱ȥ䣬Һʩ룡˵
񣬱ˣãã
ҲĴѵһ˰
˹ȥ˵ܿҽôβġ
ܿ죬˱()ϣԥóȥ
滹кܶҪ(r)ֵÿͣ棬Ӱβ
Ϊʩóһҩι¡
긾Ů״̲סʣҽǼҷιʲô
һ()ҩ裬ڱȽúһ׻ʡĵ˵
긾˵ͷлл
ʩڳ˶Կϸԭ׵ɫָ
ʮӺϸҲתѡ
Ҫ()ڵȱ𼱣ΪĻû꣬ٵӲܰ롣
ϸŷ()ŲٵĽ룬˼뵽ǰܿ˷ʲô
ʮɳƵĵԭңлл
Ϊ뻹ʵѪҺл𶾣Ҫ𣿡
()

1317.1317 ֪˭

1317 ֪˭
ϸԭЩǵӣ˲¶Ĩɫ
㿴óѪҺл𶾣ֱֱĿ
ͷܣڵĻ𶾻(ͦͦ)صģٲκõĻǽྷε֢״ͻʱʱ
()Ϊҽ߼ȻĲ޷Ӷ
˵ҪҪƾͿԷԼѡˡ
ϸû뵽ƫԶı򣬾Ȼһ۾ܿԼ˻𶾵ˡ
()ϵĿûƿ㲻ˣΣ
󷽵Ŀԣѡ
ϸ˿˿˵鷳ȳȥλҽ̸̸
ɴϵҽЩź˶ô˵ˣҲ£ֻܴȥ
ղý뽫ϸȻǿѾ۽硣
Ѱ긾Ҳֻܳȥ
ȷֻʣʱϸ˶ʣȻܿ˻𶾣ܿΪʲôл𶾵𣿡
صϵʹùȣ㵱ʱڵĻӦڻɽ֮ĵطһʲô£·ɣϸĻʮֲӣ()Ҳͱʴ˻𶾡
ԭڵĻ𶾷˺()ҩѾѹ˲٣ֶ˻ܣŵ¶ྷΡ
Ļϸ˵еľɫԽԽŨû뵽Щܿ
ûл˭ⰲģϾྷͻ()
ϸղѾʼţܾܿҪһغȷʵý뽫˻
ֻ𶾣ҪôأѾЩΡ
ʵ˵ûγڵĻ𶾣ȴðι޵ķڵĻ𶾰γٷרý𶾵ҩȬ
ιޣʲôƷϸû
صù()ϰΣ˵Ҳ޷⣬ʱι޾֪ˡ
Ҫ೤ʱأϸʡ
ι죬ٷҩ졣
ڵĻ𶾻ܰγҩֻΪ˾޸֮ǰȾѪҺ
()Ϊϸ˰룬
ϸҲ·()֪˭𣿡
γĿ֪ǣ
λϸ˵϶򵥣ղŰڵʮۺ񣬼ϺʣжӦʮϵߡ
Ƭʮ׵վڶǿ֮еġ
ûʲôϵǸҽԷǸˡ
()

1318.1318 

1318 
ϸ˿˵׼ģĿܳγѣ˵治ʶԼ
Ҳǣ¶棬ҲûƬȣŮ޲ʶԼ
¶˿Цݣң̾С
ϲ˽Լϡ
֪Էղֻ̽Ҳʱ׼()ݸ
Ͼֻǵһμ棬ԷҪֱӵص()ݣǲŲԾ
̣ҽһҽûж̽ԼֻʣĻҪ𣿡
üЩţȻĻᣬΡ
Ҫʲô𣿡ʡ
صûѵͣΪȻҪȡá
ιÿһǱңҩζĸ߼ҩģ۸ɱȽϸߣÿŶʮǱҡ
һһų죬ܹƷҪһʮǱҡǸսҽԺļ۸ġ
üȴ㶣û뵽ĴֻǱ֧ô١
㶣ʣҪ𣿡
üعЦʵ˵ҪΣֻЩƷЩ͡
ǰԺƲ֣ǻһζҪǱңЩΪѹƻ𶾻ǱҶˣ˵˲ٸ߼Դ
ЦЦÿ˵շѲͬҲϲˣͯۡ
ѾΪĹ()Ƚ̫ʺϰιޣҩãٰιޣõǾܰꡣ
üͷãǾ鷳ˣ
ҪܽĻκã(qng)ġ
úϢˣЦЦת()˷š
֮ǰļ˻վſڡ
ҽЦʣҽǲ˵(qng)ˣ
ѾûΣˣҪƼȬĻص
ҽĴָҽȻֲΣ˶ôȹ氡
ЦЦˣ
վ˼䣬ͻصԷ
ʱܶڲ˶Ͷ˺֮ɫ
극˹߹ҽҺܳҽܲҲҿ
˿Ȼ()вº͵˵ԣҰѰ
Ҳţ˿ôʱ䡣
һϲ
ܿͽĲ(qng)Ȼ˸ӣؼҺԼŷϵҩץ˺ȣҩķд
Ҳ̲ס(r)֣׷ǰҲûܾ
()

1319.1319 ˺ܶ࣬

1319 ˺ܶ࣬
һֱϣΪɴϵÿͿ꣬صϢ
ΪҲʶһЩˣն˺롣
ڷúҪõҩ˹ȥ
һЩιõĹޡ
ڶ͵찴Լʱ䣬ȥ̷ιޡ
Ҳһΰιޣ޴()ȡ£ڵĻȫγӦøоõɡ
̴·ԭü˲٣Ц˵ܸоڵĻѾˡ
ÿһİι޺ͷҩܺԵĸо()ı仯ڸһ()ɡ
һֱѹŲʹõĻҲԾһһ()ϾͻǱһۣѾûл֮ǰһˡ
ҽҽǸĪ⣬治Ϊɱ֡Цųޡ
Ϊ꣬ϸϸϣ֪ԭСѾͷȻڱôҽǹϵ档
Ҳ϶ԷǹӴԼˣ˺ܶ࣬йӡҲܺá
ЦⶼȡģҵҽҽĲͬž档
̫ǫˣ()Լ˵ڵĻ𶾽ǲԭ˥Ҳͣ
ֻо()˺ָܶ࣬ĺܺã˼һ
״Ц˵֮ǰ˥ϵҪǻӰ쵼µģڻȻټ˥ȥ
ŮòӣλǿҲһ
𶾱γڵĻ()Ҳ±ûԾֻټ˥ϣὥı᲻١
߼ڶһֻ()ܹʹղ˥ϣ̵ǿ̶ȿȻѾ꣬л𶾣ȥӦҲʮҵģ
üٴԼдżȻʧЦıܱ٣һӰˡ
óʱһǸˣֻǻ𶾵Ӱֻ̫ȥǸƤ״̬Ҳ̫á
ﵹһֻյлյ˼֮ڵܸӻԾӦÿԴﵽûлǰò
ǵϵһֵҩܹ֮˿ȥԽԽᣬǰΪһζҩ޷ҵûƹ
ս˧͵ĴлУ־Ȼָ߼ҩģԡ
()

1320.1320 

1320 ()
üĻ۾һ
ָܻʱģļٵģ
ǰûзùڻָҩҲԹȴҲֻеЧ
õľǿȥȷǰʮˣһ򽫸˥ϡ
Щţܻѵδжʱա
ھֻյ𣿡(qng)еļ
ҡҡͷûУʱ˻һЩ
ΪڵĻ𶾱γüҽǱȽŵģʲôʱأҪ򼸿š
ЦŻصЩæڻһȽҪĶ޷¯ƣý֮󣬲ƻյ
Ҫμӷװƴ꣬ûбȽϺõ¯֮󻹵ȥ˴졣
ǰƵĵҩȼߣҵĵ¯С
ϴƸߵȵҩը¯ˣҲһֱǷѰҩ
ҷܶ쵤¯Ū˼aĸƸ߼ĵҩǲ˵㣬Ƶʮһܶʦĵ¯С
ҪҲֻܵҷܵȼﵽˡ
üֵҩȽϿʣңʲôҪĶ𣿡
ҪܰæѰҡ
ҲûҪһs¯С
ü⣬¯ʲô
ҲͲ壬ӿռóһa¯ֻ֣¯ƳĵҩԸ߼߲Ч
üӹ¯ϸ˿ֻҪs¯ͿƳյ
Ȼ֪ʲô¯ҩҲˡ
ԽԸ߼ߵҩϣҩʦˮ׼Ҫ󶼻֮Ӻܶ࣬⡣
ͷţֻsĶʦ࣬Ҳ֪ܲҵԸæġ
ˮ׼Ķʦ٣һ()ݵλҲܸߣʮ**벻
ƻǵʱ򿴿ʦǱܲܰæϵ£øʲôֻ꣬ҪõóԸ⡣
Ͼ()Ϊһʦ¯̫Ҫˡ
ü¯Ƭ̣ҵʶһsĶʦҲȷԶ¯
ȷʲôյһָδл֮ǰģ𣿡һҧֺء
¶ϲ֮ɫֻܱ֤ǲ֪ԸԸλʦæˡ
ֻҪһָգ¯Ͱ()ˡ
ü͵㻻ҩıΣ
()

1321.1321 ûе

1321 ûе
ĵһϲҪĻٺòˡ
ðֻҪܰҸ㶨s¯һָδлʱաɫĳŵ
üӡܺãСѾͷƭ
ãǾô˵ˣϣСҲҪԣָն˵ǸĽᡣ
Ҿ͵̵ĺϢˣҪ׼ʲô𣿡֪Ϊʲô̶ԻָôִţܾòֻΪòԷĽòϡ
üЦŰڰ֣ãһ׼ġ
˵˵¯Ҫʹ÷͹ЧҪʲôܲ˵
΢΢һЦŽ¯ԼڴĹܵ˵һ顣
üе¯Խ̸Խ룬СʱŽ⡣
üѾһ¯ͼֽ
ͼֽϵĶ죬ԼҪµʱ䣬֮ϵ㡣üһоȷͼֽ˵
üЦĵͷðҵ̵ĺϢ
֮ǰΪԷʶһλsĶʦͨղŵĽ̸ԼԷ¯ͼֽ
ѾȷλsĶʦ̱ˣӵʮĻϵܶԶȷʵкܴļӳ֡
֪Ҳˣûеơ
˻ཻն˵ϵʽüһһĵַ
ԽദԽϲѾֻΪԷκĻ𶾣пΪָգһĵϲ
ԴǼ·֮Ѿܾûôƽĺôʱ졣
ת۷ɴ뵽ǵĴ㣬͸ܿǵӴͷ
ǲûеֳУһӴɡ
ǣǣнҰ⣬ֵʮԡ
ǺҲһָߣȨλܹס˷ǸƽǮûʸס
һһЩСǹסס򼸺ƽҰƶסĵط
Ǻ˾ǣͣͽصվ⡣
ͨҲͨ˴ֱͨǺͽͨϰмߡ
·ͿԿƶǷǳܴģûһͨҰ⡣
ƶײȺɴƱˣ˺٣ƽĶر࣬ȼֱȽϸ
()

1322.1322 һ˵ĸо

1322 һ˵ĸо
üһкʹ긾Ů뿪
ҲǺ˾һżӳ˵ĺǰ档
ӸʻλһӣʮֹĿŹϣ
ϵĵ߰ɣ
Ѱûкһ𣬳Ǻ˾ͱһˡ
ϳƾһַüʻԱǻȥ
֮ǰƾǣѾһ(to)ķӣ֮ǰڱŪļ()ǹ塣
Ȼˣôǹ壬ƾǵһħƹ˾ħʦ֮ͨɹ
Ҫǻƽ()ݣǮǲ⵽򵽷ӵģ()̫ˡ
ĳλãҲǷǳġ
³ⲻǱֻһ(to)ĹԢ
ǴסֵطѾһֲƸߵλ
ʦ񣬼һ¼ҡ
װ޺ͼҾߣƾѾ¸Ҳźˣÿ˶ϲķ
ڿɳϣĿš
ڵˣһܵķɴ(ͦͦ)۵ġ
ƾЦ˵úϢԳȥ䣬طܲͬ
۾ĵͷȻҪˣҾʹȥ򣡡
ִ̧˴Ϊŵ磬򵥣
̧۳˵ǣŮ£
诱Ƚϴһ(i)þҪϿ쿪ſҪ
һƾûһȥԡ
Ľͬ˸߿ƼУֵ͸¥öչʾȽ
һ·кܶɳ·ŵҲ١
·Ϻ˵ע⣬û취ֵ̫ˣֳȻ
ƾն˵ĲѡһǱȽϽĲ
ȥ֮ûзԱѡλ̧Լǰһ㣬һͶӰ˵֡
ϲʲô˾͵㣡ƾȷ˵˼ˡ
Ҳ㿪˵Դѡ˼ˡ
ܿ죬ܻ˶Ų˹΢Ц(r)(qng)
òͣ
ŲĲˣǹƷһζҲ(ͦͦ)ġ
һ()ŵϸϸƷƷζԣÿһֵ϶Ǻܾ׼һ
ּ˳˳ʧЦ֪ˣЩҪǵȫ׼õģҪǻ˳ġ
ÿһֲ˵ĵ϶ܾ׼Ҳʹζȴһ˵ĸо
诼Ҳ˳ˣ׷׸̾ĺóԣ
()

1323.1323 ̫ϰ

1323 ̫ϰ
Ҳնһˢ͸㶨ӽ뿪ûмһˡ
ǱȽϷݣȱ̫ϲġ
ǱȻҲ˻˺ϵͳлˡ
Ҫȥ̳Աɢɢ˵
ð
ƾں档
̳Ҳһˣÿ궼ǻдҪ·ֻõһ㣬Сϵͳᰴչ˿͵()طɫݣֱҳ˿ʺϵġ
·课ЩûʲôȤˣܸ߿Ƽ̳(ͦͦ)ģҸоĸо
·ȹӣԼûǱ߻˾ݵõĳɫŹﻹԼѡԴȤ
ȥأǸͶӰķԱ˾ø
ƾЦ˵ߵĿƼģߵҲȫܵ·
ЩʣȻôҵòˣŵʲôΪأ
ƾصܶ˶ѡȥϰ࣬ٹ˾ʵֲ˵ҲҪ˹칫˾ħ칫˾ȡ
ܶ˻ȥİǺͻǣҪ˹Ƚ϶ࡣ
ҲΪܻԽԽ㣬ƽƶ񲻺ҹԾͱȽϲ
ڵˣҲϲĻָһĸо
Ҳ֪ǿƼԽԽ֮ı׶ˣҲֻܸһͽ̭
ӦһʱͺˣҲҲЩϰߣƾͷ˵
ʣҽԺҽ𣿻ܻ˿
ܻ˸ıȽ϶࣬ҽˣ١ƾص
ŵǳģԿĶܴ˹Ǳ߾ܿ˹ĵˣƽƶܿƼõľ͸١
ͷţǵĿƼ⡣
诺Ҫһ꣬ҪҪҲһҽ̣ƾ֪ûǺܸ˿ġ
Ц˵ʱ׼ˣһȥһ׹˾ϰɡ
ҲУƾõľᷴԡ
˹ͻȥϢڶȥ֣βˣǿӡ
Լĵطϡ
ǹ˾ʹ̳ȣѡڳǱߵסȦӡ
()

1324.1324 ڵ

1324 ڵ
סȦܴ䱸ʩȫ˶ܶࡣ
һ·˶Ǵųġ
ֻǺ͵ͬЩﶼޣֻҰЩޣܱѱ޶Ƚ˳
㣬ҷ˲٣ǿⲻ
˵㻹Ϊ￴ʱֱӿɳҽԺ֣ȿݷֿΪ￴
ҲҽֻԶǰڵʱ򣬻ȥרŵĶҽԺѧϰ
ЦŵͷҲôġ
һȣ课ȻΪβ
ЦȻˣҽôҲضõġ
ЦǽöĺʶôƳ
ǵĳҽԺܼˡڴ
Ҳǵһγϲ(qng)ͬڴţҲҪŬѧϰ
̲ңһҵһҪתõӡ
ٶƽ¥и䣬ǱȽϷ诼ƻĴС
ĳﲻͶȽϴռҲͿٶƽոպá
Ҫܷչġ
ֻת÷Ѻ𶼱ȽϸߣҲûж׼ٿ
ԼҪ꣬ʡҪʡ
ļ죬˶ڸסȦ䣬Ӻ٣Ա֮»ǸƽĺʣסĵطҲԶ
ǾͶ诺һѡװ޷ͲϣҽԺõñȽůһܰУġ
װ޲⣬Ҫˡ
ǿĳҽԺСҽԺݻ渱Ժ˻ȥרŵѵѧݻ
ƸҲһ飬רŸϴȵġ
ĳҽԺҽ˹⣬ܻɡ
诺ȴϲֻ׼̨ܻɨʰȹҪ˹
ĹȻӦƸǵ()ݡ
ҲƸ·ȥü춼ûȥƽվϷһƸԣ
⵽һСʱңȻӸƽ񣬵ȴ
Ƹˣһȥѵ
诵()״̬ȽϺãÿ춼ΪҲãÿ춼źѵ
ֹһܣڵ˷װƴ(r)ӣѵ˼٣һȥ뺯ϵĵط
()

1325.1325 ֵ̫

1325 ֵ̫
װƴѾܶ죬ǰⳡأϪŷչ󣬾͵һչģƽչʾŵĸƷʱΪء
βμӷװᣬˣƾ硢嶼һ
βǺ˾ķɴִǸΪûͨȻ޷ġ
ǾڸŴоһǣʱȨͣվ
˶еһЩųǿǺ˾ķɴϹ
æ˾(qng)ͱȥ˿
һħƹ˾ǱΪƾרųŴҹ
ֻǿԶܿһͬһȥ
ܴܹͣͣʱѾͣ˴롣
³󣬸һչȥ
ĴĿ(r)ְװ˺öࡣ
ЦŵȻˣϪŵķװ˾һԾΪݳƷ֮УʦǶȽֱƽ࣬(r)ֵ˾Ͷˡ
ŵֻ˶࣬Ҳܶء
ǰҲǶϲ(r)֣ȴ(ͦͦ)ϲȽĵط
¶˶Ҳ£һڵġ
Ц㵹Ǳǻš
ǣҾûʲôѵǵġȥ͸˵Ʒ۹ͺܰ
׼Ĳʲ˿رƯ󲻳Ҫ·жۡ
ЦǾͳ㼪ˣ
εĹھһҪõע⡣
˵ѾصǣμӴ
һȥúȷֿǽͨƾȥ˹ϯ
βμܾĻϰˣԸռ֮ˡ
׼ĳأԵܸо򻮷֣ǵ˱һ˻ųˡ
˴඼һ߸ϵ̬ˣ·(())һ
诽׼ڳ˵Ŀ⼸()ϡ
֮ǰ͸ȻͬһʱȵģǸһ䣬֮󽻸飬ϹһֵƷ
˴Ҷûм˴ˣǵһʽ档
ôˣֻ诽ܵĹעߣһ()һģʵ˵ֵ̫ˣѹڳˡ
()

1326.1326 Ҳδ̫

1326 Ҳδ̫
˵ĳ֣ҲǵŮ()ʮֲˬ
رǼԺţΪ۴ķ涼ɫŮӣ˳̲סһֲϲͼʡ
ƫԶǵ(())񣬳ôÿʲôҪ˭أ
о׵ŮӵƳһۣһָ߸ϵ̬ڵʲô򣿡
̬ҲȽ䵭ôˣ
ͣһվԱߵŮЦԭƫԶĵطѹִŴĲ
诺űȽеȹװƷҲֻһ㣬˵ŮӴŵȴϪķΣҲҵ˹㡣
üμӷװƴģֲμѡģҪֻҪξС
ߵĵȼֹȻأߵ˷·𶼸һȣľҪһ
˵Ůһҭ㣬У
说ϵɨɨŮӣ̧̧()е()ͬЦһٱƽƽ()̽źã
Ҳ˹ֻҪֵʲô·ÿ
˶ȵͷˣȻˣóľǳű˵Ķ̴ȡ
ǵŮòֻ㣬()ҲЩƽҪе㰫ôһûޡ
һŭ̧־һ⣬ó欵Ůˣоҳ
ֻֻδ䵽ϣͱ̧ס
ȫ()ɢƣɫ䣬Ҫֻˣ㾡ܶ
Ʊֻۣչ¶ʵ
ʮߵɢһɫ˱䣬ͨ˸ǾϢҺѡ
סֵŮӸǺ죬¶־֮ɫ()Ӳɵö˶
Ҳһߣֻ弶ܣüԴȥ֣ѹ·뺮ɽһ㡣
ܶ˶ܲסˣ˦Է󣬽Ϣ
˭Ҳ磬ȷһֻ֣ܼܲμӴһ
Ϣ֮ڳĺܶ˲ŷ·˹һ𾪲ѣЩš
ƫԶ˾ȻǸ߼ߣǵĸоǿһֻ־֡
ΪҲδ̫ˣǴ
诵ŮӸˡ
⻰ٺޣҲֻǵͷվڲԶɫ׵Ĳ˵
֮ǰһǸ߰ȸĺСǣʱҲһ
()

1327.1327 ȡʸ

1327 ȡʸ
Ҫ棬ǿɲ
ûмڳŮҪǷ轫ǵַô죿
ǿɶǳŷװǰģôֱˡ
ӲЩ˵ʵдա
Ҫ꣬ǣߵԶϢȴɳ¡
Զˣ֮ǰڵ˽()ŷ
һƲƲ죬߼ΣֲǱ䣬ֱ³
ûӦҲСĲм˵
ǣһƫԶӣΪ˲𰡣˵붼òá
ҲͳûУҿҲʱ϶ζò
Ҿ͵ǻ뿪
ϵһЩ˵д󲿷û˵
رʦǣһվһξ롣
ŮҪŴһЩǲӣúղ¶һֺζ
ͬųˣеֻеľúˬ죬еľ̫˧ˡ
һֱЩ˭ڼҲСأ
ڱ֮(ƨp)ҷһֱǻá
ղǸ־磬ǲҲûٱӺˣµȴʼ
ر֮ǰ˵ˣɫʮѿﶼһҪͨúõĴһ٣ʲǿ
Ϣ(qng)ܿʹϯǱߡ
һϯŵŮӣץסŮӵĹùã˵˺̨(qng)ɫ˳
Ȼϯϵ˵һ顣
ղиСѾͷں̨۸ˣҲ̫ˡ
ҽˣӦֱȡʸ񡣡۸ֶŮһҪɫ
Ϫ˾һʦҲһ߹ܣеλ
ô˵üͷ
ôôԵ
Ǹ߹ߵ˵ɲǣܸ߼ͲˣɲǱ䳡Ƿװƴɲҫĵط
һԱֱԶ֮صҰѾͷԲô᲻
ϵõ˸͵Ļеˣ̫ˣҪٲμӱĻҲ̫ͱˮƽˡ
ǰҪȡǵıʸɡ
͸߹ܹϵ̫õһ()߹ܣҲǸ߼ʦǶ˵ǷװƴˣֻҪƵĺãʲôϵ
˵Ϊʲôᶯ֣϶Ǳ۸˻ɡ֪Ů˵ֶŮҲμ˱Ůһ۾ͷϡ
ʮ**˱ˣŻᱻ塣
()

1328.1328 Ѳʲôϵ

1328 Ѳʲôϵ
˾˵екüϵĺС㣬ƢǺܺãƽҲţӦʲô
Ů߹ܵһ˵ôûϵأһпְҵݲôײʦ
ĶҽֱȡǼʸ񡣡뵭ȻŵŮ˵
Ƴһۣܹμܾʦ츳Ϊ̨˵ìȡʸȷһŰɡ
Ů߹ﲻȴҲû˵ʲôĶ˵ǡ
ȴҲ׼ôŹܾʼ֮취Ӱ¡
Լʮңһٰ췽ߵ̨
Ҫʼˣǽɡ
ŵһ¶ڴ֮ɫվ()½ǰ̨ȥǷŹâϾܽˡ
ñȽϵں볡
ǹ()ıûеĹ䣬ÿÿһ߶һŵ̨
ÿ˻ÿһ̨߳췽߳һţȻߵӦ̨ȴ
һ־ϯ͹̨ĺܶ˹עһֵ̫ˣԱߵ˶ȫѹ
˳鵽ʮߺţߵ̨
ʱϯϵ£Ҳòʶڵˡ
Ŀ()ϣɵ˶סˣȻɫ¡
ȻֽĿŵ()ϣ()˫һ
һ()ŵһϢ
һʮߺ̨ϵ˽ʲô֣ʲôʱ䷢ҡ
е£³ôͻȻò
̧ͷ˿ʮߺ̨ˣǱ£ſٵն˷һϢȥ
ŮӣֻƯĸǧһЩϤĸоȷûмˡ
ϪŶ³Ҫ˵ټ򵥲ˣܿõˡ
õϺ󣬿һ飬ﻹ̾£û뵽ŮǶ³һء
ٵĽϷ˶³ٴϸĳ˿ȥ
ǷΪʲôϤУΪŮþȻǶ³мƣҲЩ
Ѳɶ³йϵ漴ҡҡͷܣ˵ʾԱƫԶĵط
Ƕ³֪Էûݴڡ
յϣȲĿ
·̨诺վúҲ볯ϯȥ
()

1329.1329 

1329 
诿룬ӺŮ˺̲סһס֡
ҿˣѹס˵
ҲϯһɫŮˡ
뿪ʱȻֻм꣬ȴǵģѾЩģ()Ӱ˽غһ
㣬Ҳˣ
дżֽţס诵֣˵㣬ϵó𣿡
򴽣ǶϳҲһϳġ
һżί˵ϲǾͲҪȥˡ
ְֺ뿪ʱѾʮˣСҲǱ˳ųġ
Īʧٺ󣬳˵⣬ҲһЩССίְΪʲôҪˣɻôСء
ʱһίҲ˼͵Ĵ档
ͻȻ˼ôʱˣǷĵ׵ίð˳
ԸĸļңԶˣȻҲˣ(qng)ϻǸͽܶࡣ
ŽίԭĽһɢգţҪϲҲˣ
ϲ˵Щ궼ںء
ܶʱŵԽͺʧ(qng)ھˡ
诿˿ã֣ţ
ڹϯһƾҲ˸̨ŮˣҲû̫(qng)
ĵĻõķӦ(qng)Ŀһֱ()ϣϤ̶ȣȻܴǵı(qng)ϲ³롣
еĶѾܶûмİ˿ö԰ڴͿ󣬿ɰȴʧô꣬ʲôԭûиĸΡ
ǰ޾;ȥλȻǺܳ(i)ʱȴޡ
说ʱģͻȻĪʧ٣͸һִġ
ҲıСãȱʧôĸĸ(i)
ʱͽһҪϲôĸҲա
ܿ죬ߵ̨ЦſڣллλλǰμϪţξٰķװƴ
ԭҪö³˵ģ³ͷնˣ߲ģǾͷڡ
̺ܼ򵥣ÿ߻߲飬Լƾ·ʽҪϵĿȡԼĲҲԡ
ʱһСʱھҿʼɡ˵һʱͶӰ˴롣
()

1330.1330 Ů

1330 Ů
ڼвμӱˣᱻ豸նźţԷֹնϵʲôġ
ԲŻͶӰôҺÿʱ
ӵ(qng)ô˵ǽǳŵһģȻҪֺá
òϣ費ҿ϶ǽҪۣôϲ
ó׼õĲ˿üһûƣ˶Ǵֹơ
׿֮ǰ(qng)˺ܿͶ뵽˹УͷĲüơ
¿ϣȦԾĺ˺죬ǿסҪĳ嶯̧ͷʮߺ̨ȥ
ղֻǿôۣѾϳˣŮ
诱øӵƯҲԽԽŮˣ뿪ʱѾʮˣûбֻſˣһ۾ϳ
Ǹʱֻм꣬üȴͼһֻǷŴ棬Сʱ鶯ˣģʮֵĳɫúм
סҪȥĳ嶯ĿⶨĿˡ
һʼ뿪ʼ˫ʱҲ̲סһˮ£ǵİ
Աߵ˷֣ľѣʣĶǲǲ
ˮɣɳƵ˵۾Щ
ҪҪҽԷĵʡ
ҡҡͷãܿͺˣ
ɡ
ʱ˵ֻúõĿŮһ󼤶źΡ
̨ϿƾһȻϳˣ(qng)Ǻõġ
ͺãµľʧ
ĸȱʧô꣬͹Ҫ(i)ĸ(i)ͣοСͺֻܶǽеá
˷봩ߣһ˫㣬ϱͳɫòʣϯ͹ϯ˵Ŀⶼ˹ȥ
Ů߹ܿŽĽ͵ķˣٿԼֶŮõȹӣɫ΢΢һ䡣
֪³ϲõģҪȥֶŮõһ
˼һתϯϵٴοڣʮߺ̨ˣҸղ˵ˣõǲƷ̫ӣҲ̫ˡ
ϯϵˣ춼ίȱ󣬽Ϊõʮ˴֣ռܳɼİٷ֮ʮ
ʣµİٷ֮ʮǰۿϯϵ˴֣ۺ֮ѡǰʮ
Ҳϯϵ˴ֺҪô˵ҲҪӰЩ˶õĸй٣ͷ֡
ֶŮҪʤļʾʹ˺ܶ࣬ûʤҲܱʤ˺á
()

1331.1331 ҲҪͬͬ

1331 ҲҪͬͬ
ϯϵ˻Ŀⶼ()ϣŮ߹ܵĻһ㶡
֮ǰʦü˵ôûƷӣʵ£
ҾǵĴ̫ˣһ°һ͡
Ů߹ܺ޲øһƣûôܵó
Ҫ˵ҪһУܻƷ㲻õʦҪǷʲôʦҵϪžĨڡ⻰˵ЩأҲΪ˶кڡ
˶û˵˼˵ĶԲԡ
ԭܿڵ£ĿɨŮ߹һۣҲһִδй⣬˵Լɡ
Ů߹һ¾ˣûӦĶҡ
Ļδ˵ͱ´ˣ֮ǰϢ̨ʲôҪ˽ص𣿡
ֶŮȶ˽裬˵˼Һͷ֣żŭ˶ܡ
Ҳֻɢѹû˺ֶŮԼĴ㷴ˮõ()ϣƷӣʵµģҿֶŮ
ļϪòˣڿʼ㱻ˡ
ҪŮˮҲҪͬͬ⡣
ֻҪûпڵµˣöԷҵ첻ȥ
Ů߹ܸû뵽ԼֻҪϯ˶˵ĸй٣Ȼ˶³
ɫ˱䣬ĶҲǹģֻںֵ̨Ϊȷʵף˵ġ
³˵ΪԵֶŮŻòס
ֶŮ֣Ҫ˶⣬ôòף
֮˵ô࣬ҲΪҪŮ
ˣ˵棬㱻ˣѾûʸί̨ȥɡٿˡ
Ķҿǹ˾ˣ㲻ôң㲻Ů߹ºͺڣҪǱϪŴˣȥ֮Ҳҵˡ
ҪǣҲϪôõĹ˾òײ߹ܵλá
¿ɲЩ()Ͷȥһʾ
Ҫ粵µŮ߹ǿ˳ȥ
һĻҲ˾˾ȫû뵽
ԭҪôŮ߹ܵġ
˭ϵָָ֮ǰŮ߹˵鿪˲ʸˣҲˣ
ĶҲ֪ʵҲǱˣ㲻Ҳ
()

1332.1332 

1332 ()
ȴᣬֻΪŮ
ûвʵͺΪڹ˾Ҳġ
˵У˾ҵģ뿪˭Ϳ˭ûʲôԵģȥ
͵ȴܿͬ˴ȥ
ЩĿɿڴĶôˣȻΪ߷ôĻ𣬸ǽ߹ܿǴδй(qng)
£˭ȥùͷ
رǺ߹ƽϵˣ()ҪٴڸУĶһǨŭյ()ϡ
Ҳ̲סŮ߹ܣΪһֶŮڴǰͣ˼Ҳˣеˣ¡
Ǹղûж໰ڱȥУ϶һݡ
ĶƽȻУȴδǸղǰǿ()Ҹоóòƺӡ
¿ˣﲢˬ죬һ޵ܺΡ
ıŮ뿪ЩǲҲʱǽĲƽ
۵
رѾϳˣŮȻδ뿪ʱò࣬Ѿ()ˡ
ǲȣǻδ뿪ʱռĶŮܻѡ
ϹȥѰܹıһһ
Ǳһ˻ţҲǶһˡ
Ʋµľжϱ˴ߡ
ɿģӲסˡ
һֱŵȵСʱ
Сʱʱһʱ˿ͣеĶ
ŴһſʼһһԼƷչʾ
ǰ棬ۡ
ɫ׵ϣһֻչ߷ķˣȥŸ߹ֻǰһĴŮ()ϲҲҪһ
ţ()Ч϶ܺãȥҲ˲Ρ
˴̫ۣںչʾע˶̫ࡣ
ûκϯķֳڴķ˶֮õ˵һ
ֻ˳ԤϵĻһ£֮ǰҪ诶ŮӣΪƷ⣬ԺûκβμϪŴʸҲϪԶ¼ȡʦ
δֹ(qng)¸ܱô룬ôȥۣµ˱ļ壬ֻΪŮ()ˣ
컹½У12-1230ҵһ~~
()

1333.1333 ڼ

1333 ڼ
Ůӱɫ˲䷢ףû뵽
Ӧ诱ȡʸôˣ
̧ͷϯȥûмùãһԹùڸأ۸
ȥ֮һҪ߰裬ˡ
˻֪ùΪѾˣǸ˵ϪŵĶȻؼҺû״ͱ˷һ١
ֳĻ诶һۣﶼһЦ⣬϶֪˰ǳء
תͷϯϣֱӶ¿Ҫزסļ(qng)۾
žĻڣ𽱱ߵǰ
ֱ˱ˣż΢΢ϲǻ񽱣
ס(qng)ǰʧ̬ѽŵС
Ҳ׷׻رһ£лл
һ᲻Ҫߣڰ칫ҵǡ˱ʱ
ãͷ
ɢ󣬲˶ǰ˽˹ϲ
ʱµ˹Ц˵λС㣬ĶҪһǣ
ðͷ
ڱһΧŹϲô뿪˶³רõݡ
һĻܶμӱʦĽʡ
þȻĶټǰûй(qng)
ĵһĶҲǵʺ˼䣬Ϫ²ϵѯҪҪ빫˾ʦ
诽ƵۣĶϲ
ҲĽʵ˫Ǹѧ
ʵ˵˫㣬ǴǶᣬǰֻ˵Ķóû뵽ԱԶҰѾͷҲᡣ
诲֪ж˶Ľʺޡ
֣ﵹǲٽţ(qng)Ǳŵġ
չǶ³칫ҡ
ǿŵģţĶλСˣ
ɳվ()ǽɡ
͵칫ңԼ˳ȥʶȤĽŹϡ
˼ȦĿˡ
ȻԥĿ첽ȥ쿪˫һ§סһĿڣҵ诡
Ŵ()ϴºϤϢζ诺Ҳס
һ˿һ߼ϣ裡
ҵڼˣ
§Ůһǿ
()

1334.1334 ҵСް

1334 ҵСް
诵ȦҲˣһʪ
裬Ǻ㰡
֮ǰЩСίͶĻ֮󣬽ֻоǡ
˵ĺ󱳣Ҳǣ
ſˣӽɣһһɳ¡
诵ͷȻĿ()ϡ
̧ЩѾɵˮð˳ʵҵСˡ
Щһֱ˼ھжȹʱĶŮôˡ
رСŮôСû˰裬᲻۸᲻Ұ衣
дᣬŴһЦݣ軹ôƯ
ΪЦҼͣСʱһ𡣡
ӴС͸䣬֮Ͳ(i)׽ǸСһ
Ȼûƾǰ䣬ȴճˣʱϲŸܡ
ֻͺճͻرǸСްʱʱϹĶˡ
û뵽ͻСʱһĿźЩĳɳ
̧诣ԽԽƯˡ
ǣҲ¶һЦ
촩űȽϿɵȹӣ֮ǰվŻôԣѾԻĶӾЩˡ
´ʱҲˣĶӣѾˣ
诵ͷǰȻôбء
־˾ŮĻ񶼴ˣžܡ
ֻҪҸҾ͸ˣ诵Ķӣ¶ĸ()ԡ
ССŮأ˶
лл裡Ц
һۣһ˵ʲôл
ǴأԶҲǺܹĵġ
ص֮ǰڹۿϯѾϢ
ãϢ
ôûмӣͬҲʮġ
ƾѾڵſڵţһȥͿȻ¥˰칫ҡ
һϣԽ信Ĵӣ()˹ȥֱ˱
ҼСԽԽ˧ˣ
ƾûб£ֻ迴ȥû̫ı仯
ƾ߹ȥ£ʧЦûб仯ˣ
費ϣҵļһءֻзϣϲûʲôۼ
Ц§ҵСް
ȥԷټдӦûʮң18ôô~~
()

1335.1335 Ҳע

1335 Ҳע
ƾм䣬һһŮ֣(r)š
ƾڶ棬ʣ裬ǰΪʲôҪͻȻ뿪
֪ñȽ£ѯʡ
̾˿Ӧòµˣǵİְʵ˰ɡ
ǰûвµǳµ˺µˡƾ˵
µͷ˵Ѱһ־ҩģϮо뵽˿ռ籩Ȼƶ涴ͬһԽǰڵĵ򡣡
ӻʧˣȥѰҳԵʱɽȥɽвҩͽ˻ȥ
Ϊ˸Լ()һǰļ䣬úȥһףɻȴˡ
˸(qng)׸ļңҽá
ǾȥλؾͻȻһؾоȻĻס
ʱЩҾ͹ȥҪͼѰǰ߼ĺۼ˭֪ŽףܵĿռҵĲ
»ֻоתһһڶн˽ȥҲ˹ȥ
ʱǾͳƬ㸸ͻȻǰ£ǲ²֮ǰǵãǷƵġ
ǹǣҪٴȥѰǸ涴ȴôҲ
˶ټ˵û취ְ־ͽҴƼңȻҿʼϪš
ֻЩһֱûзǸƶ涴ÿ궼һʱȥѰңһֱûͻơ
۵״Ŵ(i)ЦˣǶˣҲͲȥҳ涴һžˡ
ƾʣ֮ǰÿһʱͻȥΣҲϵȥƶ涴
£漴ЦҼСô֪
ǲҲעǸƶ涴ԾҪȥơ
诺ﶼůůģְЩһֱҳ涴ҲΪҪء
˵(qng)Ȼܣɻǿʣô£ô()壿
ƾܼĽ֮ǰؾΣ䣬ȻԳµˣԼĴ()ݺ˵һ顣
½Ů֣ԭˣôֻҪǻžͺã
òƣҲͬģҲעġ
()

1336.1336 һϲ

1336 һϲ
ֻô룬Ҳһ뷨
ôֻҪһžһͺá
أƾʡ
»صȥ˹˾첢ûҹ
Һϵ(qng)ҲûиЦ˵һǾͻؼңһϲ
ƾͷУ
վھͻؼҰɣǶ˵㷢(qng)
ʧ˶Ůôʱ⣬Ҫ˽һЩ
ðһ·Ǿͺ˵
ֵڿɻǱˣҽɲ
һֻ첲ţЦ˵ðǾͶ˵˵ô֪ʤġ
ĸŮ(r)߳˰칫ңרõ˵ͣ
ǵһμĶ˭׽²ѲĶݣ
ܴҲûǰţȥ֮ˡ
¿ųŶŮؼңһ·˵Щ(qng)
һ룬诺ͬʱһ
⣬ǰ壬չˡ
ѾŮ֮ǰ˵֪ͷĴڣЦ˵ûϵȥǡ
˵ȥˣһᵽңǷһλùȥԼɡ
ǲźϣ㻹Ҫϰְ֣ͷڳЩڣ
Ҳǲ뷨ǰһԼȥɡ
ͷһֱļĸҪô죬ʱ׼ɡ
նԶŮ(i)֮⣬кܶΣ˵ʲôʲô
ãһԸɡͷ
ղûдֱȥļңȥǷʱȥסһ(to)
ڻؼҵ·Ͼ͸Ʒ﷢Ϣǰ°ؼҡ
ƷȽϳţظһãһ¾ͻؼҡ
˱ȥե˼֭
֭ǲͬζֱŵƾ˵ǰЦ˵ǰϲĿζҲ֪ûб䡣
ƾ˷ֱǰĹ֭һڣȻˮƷֺڵʱͬǿڸȴϲ
Ȼ費ֻǵǵĿζЩҲһֱζͬˮʱʱ׼ţġ
ãǵĿζûбءЦֺһڡ
˿ǲϲûͺã
()

1337.1337 һž

1337 һž
Щ´δҪѰҳ涴ȻȥѰһߴŮǹЩںǵļ䲻ûмԽԽŨ
Ҳ㻻סʱʱ׼źϲˮ()ߵ(r)ӡ
˵һʹĿ˽
Ʒ׼Ҫʺã߽ͿŵˣƾЩƵķ˲
С诡Щŵĺ
ƾվ()ְ֣
Ʒ첽߹ȥĿˡ
̲סֱ˱诺ҵְּ̫ˣ
ԼĶŮȻһ۾ϳ
诺ܵõһȵİְ֣(qng)ĺְ֣Ҳܸˣ
ƷһѹǷݼſŮתȥҪӣȴƾĶ㿪ˡ
§§ʲôƾɴ֮УֻȴȾһЦ⡣
ƷʧЦļ򣬡Сӣô겻ôء
˼ҵСӶȽճźͳݰְ֣ҵĴСǸ()ӣ(i)ճŵǸСһر
֮ദǸӷѡ
û뵽ô겻ӻ()ӡ
ϰ߾ͺãƾ¡
űİְһΣ诺Ц
һȻ겻ȴûκθңǶǰڵļһ
Ʒﰤƾ£Լţ֮ǰϢҲһղҶΪԼ۾ء
ЦҪһϲ
ͷʣ֣㾪ϲ𣿡
ƷЦŵͷȻϲˣôҵһξýϲ
Щֻ˼ӣĹҲ١
ͻȻǳڼ֪Ҫݣղַ·ʧõ(qng);ϲ
Ʒ̫ʣ⵽ô£ôϵģ
¾ͽƴϺŮϵ(qng)˵һ飬˵˵Ϊʲôᵽ
ƷεͬʱҲۣȻʧ뿪ģɷȱϯ˺ôɳ(r)ӡ
ȻΣգȴҲվԼǰ㹻ˣ̲סҪлˡ
ôһžˣԺúչǵġ
ƷĿºͳĿˣǻὫȱʧЩĹ(i)ȫϡ
2030~~
()

1338.1338 ûߵĳ

1338 ûߵĳ
Ʒô˵ƾûоܾ
ƷӹµݹĲ裬˸ʣ诺ȥμӷװƴǲ֪ļŵĶ³һȥִ
诵ͷǵģ֮ȥμӷװҪ衣
۵˵ȻǶ֪ҵ()ˣΪʲôֱأ
ԼҪôСģѵǲ־
读ص鵽ǳȥˣֻϵϣûǡ
ȥƶ涴Żǣίˣ
㲻ίμӷװƴҲ(ͦͦ)ġ诱()Ҳϲġ
͸ȥļϰɡ½˾һʼΪҵ(qng)˾չԽԽ֮ŵҵǾǼ̳С
ҡҡͷҾˣҶװʦûȤ
ЦװʦҲаֱȥܹ˾
գգۣҿûܹôĹ˾ҪǾʧù˾ʧô죿
ʲôʧʧ⹫˾Ҫǽõġ²˵ֻҪŮˣǽŶˣҲۡ
ǿˣǸûߵĳǡ
ˣҶԹ˾ҲûȤѾʦ˵ˣܾȥһϰࡣԼ̳вҵʲôûȤ
诸ŵҲûȤҺ׼ҽԺ涼ѾˣٹһʱͿҵˡ
裬ļŻԼ㶨ɡ
ЩΣҵĺӣΪƲֵ֮ܽȥģҵĵãŶҪ
ȻΣȴοǲڵʱõĸ(qng)ĺãΪ˲ƲʲôķĿ
УϲʲôʲôļҾȾӪţʱ򽫹ɷƽָǡŮص()ߣ¸г徢ˣҪΪŮܵױ
ȻѾˣ󲹼ױҲһ
лл裡һһ¡
ĶҪˣƾ˵ļҾͲɷˣְǱ߻ᰲŵġ
ƼǱȽϴͳּ壬Ӽ̳мҲĹȽԶ֮󣬼̳еһҩ˾ûġ
Ůû취ˣҲÿֺ죬ǸյģĹ˾ֻ׼Ůˡ
ƾ˵Ӧõġ
()

1339.1339 ˭

1339 ˭
ƾ޲ýõ͸ãôܻںʲôɷݲƲ
ú⡣
ƷʧЦСӵƢ
о͵ĿԼһֱΪĶӣȲ鵽Һ(qng)ɣ
ƾףҲ鵽ġ
ô֪Ƭģôô֪ҺأƷЩ⡣
ƾû֮ǰ²ӦҲƬ򣬵Ҳҿ϶һڡ䷢˷װƴǰƴۣ֣Լļ֣Ҿ͵ǲ˲顣
ԭˣĹ͡Ʒ(i)ĶЦ
׼˵ƾ˵ǲûãͱ׹Ҫɱأƺǵ()ݷֲ
ñɱ£ôˡ
Ʒͬʱһʲô
ô£˭ȥɱƷĿ¶ɫ
ɫҲ䣬˭ôɥĲ񣡡
ȻôͽǵıŮ()ϡ
ƾʼ磬֪˭ǵķʮ**йء
˻ָʹȥ͵ͷӼǲ²ֵģӦ()ߵˡ
ƾĿˣ˭֪ͨǵ()˭ɡ
Ʒ¶һۣüͷ
֮ǰүүǴӣǾͽǵĴ˵˳ܽһһ˶֪ǵ()
үүӦöԼĸ߲ҲΪ˲Ǵǣ˵Ǻܶ˶ˣƷüͷø
ƾ˵˭п֣ܶû𣿡
ƷεĿʧЦСӣѵһ˭
ﵹ˻ɶ󣬵ƾ޾ݵҲȫȷҪŪ˱Ƚ鷳ң⡣
Ƚ˵İɣ¾ͽȥ飬һһġ
ãƾҪľ⻰ϾеԴޣȽ϶࣬ӾͲͬˡ
Ʒ˵үү()()һֱǣҪ֪ҵǣһܸ˵ġ
һѯĿʣǺȥһڣүүǼ𣿡
ڶŮ̬ȾһǵɣԲǿϲ(qng)
22~~
()

1340.1340 ˭

1340 ˭
ƷĻ£ûлش𣬶Ŀƾ
ǲô⣬үү()()ҲδȥȥǾġ
ƷҲһ㣬Ŷٴѯʣ˵أ
ƾʱˡ
ƷЩʣΪʲô
֮ǰҪõ˿϶ƼңڱϻȥǴݾ𣿡
Ƚ־˵ɡ
ƷüƼҪǣƱһֱᶢǣ轫ǴؼҵϢҲסѾݾˡ
˵Ǵȥҿ˭Ҵǵ⣬˭Ҫô󵨣Ҿ˭
ǲǸҵˣƾʡ
Ʒε˵ôӵ
һҩ˾ҵƿطչԽԽǿˣ㲻ȥ̳˭ȥѲ㻹Щ˼Ҫǵˣ
˵Ҳ㲻ϡĶΪʲôҪøˣ
ӵĶ˭ߣˡ
ƾ̧˵ĺе
Ķ㲻ϡҲ˭ġ
ȽϲҩҪҪأ
ҪƼҵĸ߲֪뷨һץġ
Ʒ⶯еǵĶ˶ǡ
ΪʲôҪ׺ǣǲϣϻƼңȻǾ͸ҪһȥˣҲţǼĽޣȴû취
ˣϰֱǸǫǫӵģʵϾǸԲһĺڡ
ƾֻûб䣬ǰˣЦУǾȥװɡ
һת˵ˣҪ˭ҸɫǾֱˣ˭Ӷ
Բίġ
Ʒû˵⻹ң˭ҪǸҸɫҾʹһߡ
ĶŮԼ᲻˦ӣ˭ҡ
ǿҵĶŮƼҵϵѪо߹Ĵڣû˭ҸӿģǱࡣ
Ц˵İɣƼҲ̶(Ѩxu)ǵļң̫ˡ
ֻҪڣĺӾܺߣ˭۸ʹ˭ƼҲһ
ЦҲ̫ˡ
Һÿɲǳصģ˭۸ǣԵȥ
ϰֿǵһҩ˾ƶߣͲôҲ磬˽ƻࡣ
()

1341.1341 ҲԺ

1341 ҲԺ
ͽĲ࣬ڿѾǱԶСˣаġ
ԭˣôƼң·Ǿ̶(Ѩxu)һ㣬ɵÿЦá
ЦŰİɣƼүүһ(ͦͦ)õģԲᷢ۸ǵ(qng)
Ƽҳǹùüӣ㸸ֵϥҲֻճĺӣǻȥǸ˻ء
Ƽң»йеġ
ƷһϱȥүӺ̫̫Ҳû˵ʲôЩҲ
ֻ˼̣Ҳʱرס
ţаˣŲء衣
¾ϲŮԼ()ǰаڣ˭Ҳ۸ίǡ
Ʒͬԣаģ˵Ƽû˸۸ǣǣҲԺߡ
ƼǶţȨһҩ˾ĺǾеĶ⡣
ԺξΣʲô⣬ϰְɨβһص׵ĸоˡ
ԼҺǾõģ˭Ҫһָͷ
ְҲˣֻ޵߳ǣְҲǰ
ָо(ͦͦ)ġ
ͺƷﲻɵüЦҵСްˣ
Ʒͷ(qng)ʵ˵ˡ
˵ţˡ
()ǽͷ嵽ˣȥš
ţȻվſڣŲٵ
ʣģ𣿡
ЦŵţѾҵˡ
߰ɣȥȥŷĸ첲
˽ȥƷ뿴˹
¼ͷ峤һ˲ţҲȽϳڣرǿŮ񶼺ᣬһӡǱȽϺõġ
ƷͿ˲̫˳ˣòϻıŮôСӵˣôôˬ
ر磬ŮˣǶûвμӹأһ뵽ᡣ
СŮĻԺһҪʢ㣬ڷ廹ٿ쿼졣
˻֪ĸ˼ǰˣ֡ã
ͷʱ䳤ƤҲͳˡ
¸ҪӦƷȴĵ˭ǰˣȱô
˵诹ȥʱѾˣҲǵٰĲ⻹顣
()

1342.1342 ˲öԸ

1342 ˲öԸ
ƷҲͻȻ뵽ġ
Ůһת۾ôѻ飬Կ
ȺǵòһʢĻС
ֻΪֲӵźҪϣŮһԼĻ
ͷ岻붼֪ˣòƱȴ˸绹Ѳ
ģ·ǽðײ˹һ
̲ͣƷô˵֮ǰһҪҰ裬Ǽ֤ǵĻһֱû¾ٰ졣
ȻѾҵ˰裬һ¾ٰһ񡣡
Ŀ⾡(qng)Ŀ˿诣һģ
ʵԴ֪诲Ȣ˺һֱ¾ٰһλ
Ʒ˵Ļǿ⣬ͺͱŮüȥģŮǲׯء
ȱ𺰣¾˻˵ڽŮߵӣˬ
绹ô˵ֻεĴӦǣ
ƷЩ޵Ŀ壬͸ǰˣǶûء
һﳤʵǲôеǸ(qng)ӣһۿŮҲ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪ôԼԻԩ
һ˫ÿһۿɲĴǸĸģһһ⽫ŷڵһū
塢̺ãƤתҲ죬Ƿģһõġ
һһʢĻ񣬽Ҳֻһ˺ã(i)֤
Ʒȴ˳ˣһϿ콫Ů߰
ǻģ˵ûãҪԺı֡ƾһ
ŮڻۣСһȥ
˳ǣ˲öԸ͵ŮأҪ˲⡣
ƷһۣˣӺò׹Ͳ˵ģ
ƷίŮҪӵˣѾˣô˵óûһپͲˡ
ɣţǺصģ˰ڰ֡
뵱ûԿ֪˶ٵѺĥŽϱȢţСҪŮûô򵥡
ͷͻȻҵͻƿڣĸȥ(ͦͦ)˵ģҪҲǸū֪ͺðˡ
ֻҪĸˣ
˵Ľ(qng)һɨգ߹ȥ¡
۵ӣԭ׼ϱԱߵˣ()ǿԱһŵɳϡ
ֺᣬдˣĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~ʮ~~
()

1343.1343 ÷ʲô̫

1343 ÷ʲô̫
ͷһ𣬵Ǵ󷽷ûжپ
Ʒ΢˳۵㣬ŮͲηηġ
豭һڣƵĿʣ֮ʲô㣿
ͷһۣ˴˶öԷ̬ȡ
㣬ЦŵͰ̶ǿ˾ģҪǿ˾ÿѯǵ϶ܶа
˳ǣ÷ʲô̫ˣ
Ʒ￴üҪǿ˾з𣿡
ôֻӲͷƤˡ
֮ǰ׼ڱǱ߿˾ǶӾ׼תˣȿһʳƷ˾ٿһƷ˾ȻܵһԴٿһ˾
ƷָôŲ豭ʳƷ˾׼ʲô
Ʒ㳦()һЩװʳԺӲƷʵ˵
Ʒ£Ʒ
ûлƶ漴ʲôʣǰ⣿
ڵҵħлƶ֮ǰµ˶ƷϲԵ˻(ͦͦ)࣬ͬûУҾͽˡ
ħĻƶҲóʳƷ˾ɣƷԴŮ̬Ⱦº˺ܶ࣬һֳζ
صԽǻ߻רֲƶԲһָƿķҵħֲԲֲԼļٳɱ
ƷͷЦ˵Ҽ
ܵһòƿ˾ɣ
ƷƷ￴˵֮ǰӦй˼ɣ￪˾ᱻѹɣ
ͷǵģ֮ǰһ˾ҪվȽŸٿ
ƷЩ⣬ǻ˵һ˾ôģ
̧־˾٣Ҫҵġ
֮ǰһҪ̸һ˾Ҫҵƣȥǹ˾Ҿܾˡ
ǾҲȡɱҺ͵ڶ˾ߺˣһԼ˾һ˾Ǳ߿϶ѹġ
ƷЩ⣬ԭڶ˾ƳƵģ췽츳
лл佱ˣЦ˵
Ʒûĵһû˵أȻ츳вٲĵطҪõġ
˵ûأǫ£ϧᡣ


1344.1344 ֵ鰡

1344 ֵ(qng)
ƾ֪ӿ÷˳ۣ⡣
ԷӡãѵҰڶϱȽ츳ɾҲ͡
ǰ־ϲһԾѹеǡ
ڼõУȥõУڻܼ꣬ӳڶϣˮƽԲ͡
Դ˸ͶȥһмЦŶ˵ԭǶ֣ԺҿҪء
ƷЦЦƳ˶һۣʲôöĵط򲻻ѡ
Уָһ˵вĵطΪ˴ġ
˶ϲ⣬ҲȽ(i)ڶ˾֮һо
ǺǰصģҲΪû׵˽ս⣬ȷʵһЩȱݡ
Ƚǫϻ¶һϲ񣬡ð̫ллˣ
ҪǲǺ˵ʱ򣬻(ͦͦ)ġ
˸˵ˮ׼Բˡ
Լģôһ¾ͳͷȥˡ
˸ȻһԼȴ۾۾ӲǱӵģÿడ
ѵԺӦٶѧϰ·ĺƤ(ƨp)
Ʒû磬ʣҪ˾Ǵۣܱȵڶ˾ƣ
ֻǸо˻Чܺãԭ۵ġص
ƷһʱȤԷԭ
ܿ˾ͬǶź͸֣óĶһľҵ˻⣬Ȼͣˡ
ԽԽ𾢵ˣˣôͻȻҪ½ϱȢôأ
ţҲûš
Ц˵ڼ԰ɣ³
Ұ㣡
ԭҲȥæɿԼҿŵĴ㣬뻹ˡ
¾˳޼һ
ƷͷĵͶ룬课ƾϷ
һСʱңһɷζƮ˳ƷЦֹ˻⡣
ǰ̺óգȳԷɣ
վ()Ц˵пڸˣѹĵĳôãһŴ˰̣
ƷļϵľźŮ彫˶˽ȥȽѵ¶һЦݣҲ裬ĸŮ
žôһᣬԭһķȻõЦݣˣ˵õĶأֵ(qng)
ԤԼȥŪ21~~~


1345.1345 ˸ѹ

1345 ˸ѹ
ºĳնܺãһٷԵô(qng)泩
극ֻص졣
Ʒ֮ǰͷУѾ֪СѾ齨һ֧սţרŷǵš
Ƚг⡣
ҪǷĶ츳ţҪܵȼƣѾܹΪsĶʦˡ
Ƚ(i)ţҲΪ㣬ûжԷ齨սð̣Ҫҵ
עŵ()ϡ
ʵҪ˾Ҳûϵͨڷͽ졣
Ʒ˵ҳһ˾Ҳġ
Ȼ粻ô˳ۣ۸Ů˸ѹԡ
û뵽ȻῪҪԼȴԥľܾˡ
壬ĺˣһҪȥһ
ɫδ䣬ż˵ǰһ̫ӣҷһó˾ȴûԼӪȿʳƷ˾ͻƷ˾ܵ㾭ɡ
ҶҲǺ죬óȻĿ˾Ҳ¾Ӫơ
ԼĽҲǾýıӻͶԼԴӵײƴ
ԼĶλǱȽ׼ȷġ
ȻҪԼһɾҲһĿꡣ
óľӺŮղǸ(ƨp)»
ҲѧˣʳƷ˾ͻױƷ˾ṩ䷽ˮ׼
ƷҲụ̂ܿǱȽ侲ǵˣԼҲĿ궨λ굹Ҳ
Ҫһﻹ۹⣬Ůṩ䷽Ȼˡ
У˿ʲô¿ҡЦЦ
һ˵ˣҲôرѲ
һϣȷʵһԺҲҪѧϰ
ȻƷԷ˶˳ۣҲĬ˵()ݡ
ϵرģ˵ôסʲôطһסɡ
诵Ķӣ(i)˵Ҳչ㡣
诿ļ򣬡ҵ(ͦͦ)Ͱסģ´˹ء
ǰϲһȥζ¡
¿Цã˵Ķͷʲô磬ǶˣҪһžۺͺ
ƷɿһҲϿɣһ˺ͺһ(r)ӣͬ⡣


1346.1346 ǰǴ

1346 ǰǴ
ڻܺŮһȽ¼޸磬Ҳ޸ҲͲõˡ
诿ƾҪ˼
Ҳһ˵ľġ
Ʒ￴ŮʲôҪѯӵɵЩᣬױӱȥ
ȴûԹΡ
Щ겻ֻǸ磬˳縸ɫŮչ˽̵ôãǺοġ
ͱŮ׽㣬Ҳ֪
ƾüȾһЦ⣬ڵסһˣϹѣ㡣
˺ڣһתǿסڸڣʱҲ
ͷʱǷĵĸм˸簡
ǰǴˣӦ˸Сģʹ
Ҫĸסһϱ(r)¶Բҡ
ǿó޿أŮأҪסһ׵Ҫߡ
ƷԼҺĶһۣ诺ɶûмأסһô£ôģ
С˵ɲŮϻӵȥ
رȵıСŮɶûнأôܺͷסһأ
Լѣ诿޶ˣʲôлûˣǹ
ƾЦһסһ䣬Ҫ׽°ɣǰɶûеĵء
ЦԽ˵Խˣ
ǿһСǾͰᵽǱסɣҲȥסҪĲǣϣǿľͺá
ڶŮˣôûм棬ҪеɵĿռ䣬ġ
ƷʵѾͬˣֻϰ()ϲͶһ
УǾһҰɡ
ƾ˵˰ɣ
ƾͷˣԻˣ
ƷﻳСӲԼģС̫ˣȫϸ׵(qng)
һֱʮ࣬ƾϸװԹ񣬴ú÷֮ǰĵط
ͬʱԼȥƼլ緹ҡ
ź󣬷糹и֮ǰȻˣȴиͻȻʲô⡣
ůɫƹɰ㿡˫Ĵ˸磬˶ˡ
ôѲһˣòƳĸ⣬д˸ΣǶ̲סˣ


1347.1347 Ӧʲô̬أ

1347 Ӧʲô̬أ
ŷдĿԼҴ磬Цһѡ
ôҴɣ
ͷԺҵıˡ
һۣ(ƨp)
üô㿴磿
磬Ʋ㡣Цƾ
ܹˣһ§סļ򣬡Ҫģʲôʱ˵Ʋˣ
ҶԴǷ𣿡
žͽһȥˣһȭһŵģд
ǰǻ࿴Է˳ۣԴһȥսŲս˺üͬ󣬸(qng)ҲԽԽ
ƾʧЦڵģҪǱֿˣָҪ˵
ЦİɣڰǰǲŲᣬװӶװóȡ
ǵģڰǰǾԱǵһμͷôһˡ
ûȥ˯һ˵
һһƾԱߡ
ʣ磬ȥƼլӦʲô̬أ
ƾûش𣬶תͷӦʲô̬ȣ
˵Ҫүү()()϶ԴǣϲǣǾԼڽȥҲϲǡ
Ҫֱ˵ϲǺóġ
ֵҪǼ(qng)ģ߲ǺϲǣҲӦ£Ժȥ
˵ˣ˭ӿǾֱ˦ȥءԼҺ֥ݵ׵Ƿǳεġ
ƾЦǾͰ˵ɡ
Ҳе֮ǰҪƼҵ˲ôϲǣҪҪΪְίһõĻ;е
öƼôǲҪүү()()ˣʵϴεװɱ¼ǻδͻ
ûмЩǰǶŷ̬ȡ
ʱͷ嶼ˣ϶˲ʡ
ȥƼլҪȥ𣿡Щ°ʣСµ֣ǽء
ƾЦЦĿ˵Ҫǲ뱻Ұӳ㾡ȥ
ϰֵ()ӣԻȥҫһȥǰµģҪʰ
ǵ´ΰɡ
һ()ڨڨЦЦԣ´ΰɡ
诿˵ģ̲סЦ
˼ϰ֣׵ľèһ
ˣ˳㣬23~~


1348.1348 ôȲϵ

1348 ôȲϵ
ڶһ磬Ʒסĵط
³һٷʢͣһܰĳꡣ
ͷʮԾĴһк˵Ҫȥѡ˾ĵַˡ
()ôǿƷﻹ⡣
˿ʱ䣬߰ɣһȥƼլҪһСʱء
վ()Ű˳
Ʒһ߿һߵѾͼ˵ǵ(qng)үү()()ܸˣԭҽǴȥ
Ҳȥǲýš
ƾαϣǲţ
Ц˵ǾЩ棬ϾСǶûмүүǡ
иүүȴǸүү()()Ǻܺá
Ʒ˵үүȽ࣬()()ȽǶ()ЩĬǼ()ʵģЩ
Сãô˵أܻһǿƵĸоɡԼĸĸýһ顣
˽ˣʣСüҵʲôأ
üҵĺӣƷü۴żЦ⣬Ǵ()ӱȽϳȣ()Щʱģƫš
Ļ()ȽϻãΪǰһŮӣԶܳ裬ҲһЩС()ͰԵ
诵Ƕǲ
һŮЩΪŮҲ(qng)һЩǺʮֵĳ(i)
ɱŮŮôȲϵġ
ƾְ㻹ģԶ֪裬Ҫ(i)ŮŮֱӴˡ
诺ְֵĻǸͳ
һȻ()ÿܻȽϾױá
һ־ǿǲ˳ۣǷȥ˼˹עĿ⡣
֣Ҳ޷ȷֻϣǵһ֡
һСʱת۹ȥһӴׯ԰
͸˳ȥׯ԰ռܴ󣬲ȥμѧԺʱǰСô
ׯ԰ֲŸֲָͻܣȥһݻĵ͵ںζ
ĵطܿ
ҲܿƼҵҲһסׯ԰Ĳ٣ӦõϵϵС
רõͣƷż³󣬾ֱ߽Ա߱ȽʸеĽ
ȻߵһԲε̨ϣǴ͹լȻҪСʱ
ãǻǵһμִ̨


1349.1349 ϲý

1349 ϲý
Ʒ̧ڰе˵㣬һҸ֡
ָƺͫƣ˰һء
()ȷ֮һԲ̨֮ϡ
͸ܵһ()ϣԲ̨ϡ
ִͣڷɴпռԾʱָоӦǽּ
ӺǳһͬĽ
һǣһŮƷƾ()
ȥ֮һȽϴĻ԰滹һЩȥȽƯޣûʲô()
ÿһξ붼ܿӶ˴󣬼ƷＸ˺󣬷׷
ֻƷͬʱƾ񣬿гƺүС㡢С㣡
óǱԸ㿴Ƽҵ˶ӵġ
үͶС㡢Сĳƺǲ֣ϾǵĹùеŮӶǸơ
ʮңߵһмֹζĺլſڡ
ǰӶ˷׷񣬹ƺ
ǵĶ֮һⳡ͹ؾͲһĹܱ֮ȵġ
ƾöȽϵڵʱɼҲǶģȻƼų˴󣬵ںȴ
߽źƷȥ˶¥
һ¥ֻǴӶ˴ĵط¥ǿ
˵ݣһȣֽһţŵִ
ܴλǰճ˳ŵλ
׵ɳϣֱһȥʮҾȵߣȥЩࡣ
ԱһȥӺšʺܹ긾ˡ
ò£λ϶үү()()ˡ
һ߽ϸȿڣüĿº͵Ķƾ֣С诡
ƾ뿴˿Ʒ
ƷЦŽܣǵ()()Ͼ߶ˣ
ֽܣԱߵǵүү
˵ͷ󷽵߹ȥЦĺүү()()
үĿƾ()ϣ信ţһףжһ˿Ц⣬Ȼδӡ
˵ͷͺãɣ
ϸ()诣Լ()ߣ诺Ưѹһ˵Ůϲ
ҿҲϲýŻϲĿ⿴ǡ
诿˺͸(qng)ǱȽ׼ģоóүӺ̫̫¶ϲ⣬һ


1350.1350 ҵ

1350 ҵ
үӺ̫̫ôܲϲˡ
ƼҵճһеĽеˣҲϲӵĺӡ
۴òʣΪֹŴһͺܺãǵĵһӡá
ȽüЦ˵һ()();УҲϲĽ
̫̫()()ĸоЩƣϲǣҲ(ͦͦ)׵ġ
ô˵ģҲϲ()()
Цǰһ()();Уְֳ㡣
Ҫ˿ģöѷɫˡ
ȻҪҭˣᣬҲ֡
̫̫ϵЦݸʤҵŮ
֮ǰһֱԼӺŮʲôܹӳӦþ㲻ˣû뵽ô󷽿ˡ
Ȼӵĺӣô㡣
ȻƾСطɣҲϾŮʱ̽̾ͺˡ
ֱ̫ˡ
ֿƾôôϲȿɱҵǿˣһǰǶȦڵġ
ܶҵ˶Ƚϲ۶ƼңүӺ̫̫ϲͿеȴǴƷ
(i)ݼڣƾҲһ۾ϲˡ
үӶƾƫ(i)һΨһӣܺã
϶ͻȻ绰˵ҵĶŮˣǶ˾
ܿŮϾ͵ǱȽڴġ
е¶ºͣС㸸׺Ҳҡ
̫̫ˣһۣղ诶˵أСҲҡ
үЩ̫Ŵʲô(r)֣͸òá
Աߣү˵˵ƾ֡
µƾֻ()үӵ()ԣϴǳЦȻҾԼүү()()񣡡
⻰үӱסЦҵӣ
Ӧô죬ôǡ
̫̫ҲüЦСΪǸأТ˳ĺúӣ
˶ƾ˵ϲڣ˴඼û¶ʲôɫ
ֻСλЦݵŮӣ˫ֽĳȹڣʾĲƽ
һļãһ߿үӺ̫̫˵һ߷۲ļˡ
Ҳͬ(qng)ú޵Ľһ
ĿǰȷүӺ̫̫ϲǣ˻ʱû̬ȣȻϲǡ
дÿ0~~


1351.1351 ÷ܵ

1351 ÷ܵ
үӺ̫̫꣬Ʒվ()ߵһսװ()󣬴ļܡ
ǵĶ塣
ƾã
Ʒſƾ˵Ŀżºͣӭǻؼң
ŽͣǶ֮ǰˣһְ̬Ÿ֪ҵǵϢҪܸϻ
ĻҲŶԵһμӡ
()ӣҪǲӺϲ͡
ƾЦҲźͰְϣû뵽۶ϻ
Ʒ¶˿Ц⣬Լǣۣ
ƷߵһȾ̻ɫͷ˧()żǵ壡
ַ׷Цкã
ƷסˣС诡ã治ҵֶֶŮþôڡ
λȻһλտأƾ˵ĳ̫ˡ
ǴĹѪƼҵѪȻӺϲˡ
诡ûȤȥȦչ£òʣұ֤һܺ򣡡ЦĿʡ
ƾǼΨһĵүӿϲĽɲڡ
ֶŮеϣˡ
Ʒﻹû˵үӵ˲ˣ˵ʲôأԼҲܣɱӺŮ
Ŷ诺˵诺ģǲŵ()ӡ
ƷһҪǵűŮ治ˣŵǣȻСһᣡ
ƷҲôүӣƲƲ죺ﲻŵˣ
Ʒ˵ܵһۣڵҵŮϷʲôûš
Ʒȴǣƾ诡գգЦЩϹŶǳȥ档
诸ܵõλǱϲģҲð
ƷĿŵܵܣԼıŮܣϿԼĹ˾ȥŮ
ɻǵǰԼŮʱλӵĵܵܣȻܸܲһŮڲֻҪӣ÷ܵܣۣ
⻰˵ģҾϲֶֶŮǳȥôˣƷڲˡ
үӿ񻰣ǳˣŵ诺
诺ʵ(ͦͦ)ϲλ()ʻ塣


1352.1352 ͦĻ

1352 (ͦͦ)Ļ
ƷûߵСλá
ǰòӢӣǵĴƺ裡
ãƾк
ƺ迴ȥȷʵȽϳȣѺõЦЦܡ诱áúã
Ҳ͵ǸĸȥһǴ˾񣬽ûܸϻϲܵ
ƾЦЦˣùðҪͻȻϲҲ
ǲͺãƺЦЦ
ƷŽһòҲǺܳڣʱ۾ӣλǵĶƺ𡣡
ãƾͬòʺá
ƺЦţѺõкܡúã
ӭǻؼңŲһ䡣
ƷģŵŮӣλǵıƺ
ƺֻеƫϣʵǴżֹ
Ҫǵ֣ΪдŴʼӳɣǻעġ
诺ǰԵѷɫ˲١
ƾûк˱ˣЦкã
ƺ˵ͷܡ诱áúã
Ǻܸˣ
˵꣬Ʒ()˾ˣóúƯ֮ǰҲ˵˵ǣҲʶǡ
ŮƯƷȻǺܸ˵ġ
ƾЦʶҲǱãԺлһԼ档
ȻǰŮŮ()ܹϵҪ治һҲǿ
ϾŮŮôõһ
ƺȹڵֽ˽ɫЦ˵ǵȻԺᾭһġ
ŵľүһϵˡ
үӶЦ˵һˣ֮ٽʶġ
ãүүžǣƾͷ
ղŵĽܣѾ˽ˣǵ̬ȡ
ǰЩųƼңõĶܵԼ
ƼҺлЩһͥջȽϺ
үү()()ϲǣҲȽǣǸδĹùô
ǿѺãӳƺϾܿ룬֮ǰǻҲЩζ
Ҫ٣濴ȥѺãٹ۲졣
ͱȽˣϺܺƣڱֶϲȴоԷϲá
˵Щ()ԵֻҪһ㣬(ͦͦ)Ļġ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1353.1353 ѹַӦô

1353 ѹַӦô
˶ʶһ飬үӺ̫̫ƾ˵
үӶԴԽԽϲȻŮҲǺϲģֻ˼ҸΨһĵճӡ
ԲԶվŵĹܼҷԸ˰С˵ϲã԰óԺǱ߾ǵסˡ
ܼǣ
үүҪ԰ıܱסƺɫ΢΢һ䣬ָܿƺûķӦƺӰ˰ץȹڵٴν˽
˵ķӦõĹ۲֮ڡ
ʹⷴӦֻ˵һ㣬԰Ӧûô򵥡
ƷԶŮЦ԰һδɼʱסĵطҲүүδɼʱסĵطסȽϺʡ
⻰͸¶ϢͱȽϴˣүƼҵļƼҵļ̳ˣδɼǰס˽԰ܹסĶǼ̳˵ѡ
ҲŽһμ棬үӾѾ϶ƾӡ
ƾ˲Ȼѹֱ㷴Ӧô
ллүүƾл
үζЦлʲôǵϵһоֻȻҪסˡ
ȻŮĺҲƣϾǺҵѪ
ŮģҲƼҵѪ
ԽƼĶţѪעԽ
ȻҲ˵ͲŮˣϾô꣬ϴѪ
ʧô꣬ûûĳڣڵ͵ͱ˲ٿϻؼңôúúòһ¡
һ뵽Ůǰܵ۸ͲþҪõĶóֲ
̫̫үӷ޶꣬ô˼
үһ֮Ȩ˵Ļֵ̬ȣҲƾ˽Ƽҵλ
̫̫ʵҲŮһЩȴҲûֹүӡ
ǰƼҵϵֻӣҲ˱Ƚϵó裬ЩʧҲ
Ƽҵļ̳ˣûϴҵĺһүӾѡһϵĺӣҲܸŮĺӣѪƼҵĸ
ֻϣԼͨһ㣬ڽҲá
̫̫Ȼ(i)ģүһҲԼұŮЩƯ棬֪˶ٿ˶
ӵĺӣǾƼҵ()صģôΪ
ҲҪ(i)һЩЩʧĸ(qng)


1354.1354 ĺôܾô

1354 ĺôܾô
̫̫诺֣ԽԽϲ
һȻ׽֮С
ӽ쿪ʼǾסڽ԰ɣһȫˡ
̫̫ô˵ƾ޵ĶͶȥһ
ƷֻεĿڵ裬԰ƽסžˣҴסء
̫̫ûĵ˶һۣ˵ʲôأŮˣȻҪסլˡ
Ʒĸ׵˼ΪöŮģֻܼ˵Һò׽һȻҪôû()ߵźˡ
լסԺ˵ɣȺסһʱ䡣
̫̫ԭǲͬģɿɬΣҲζ
ҪͺǺú(qng)ŵͷǾʱסһʱ䣬Ժǰס
ãܵƷһЦ
̫̫һۣɵչ˺ҵȻҪÿ
ʱǹҡҲŮ(qng)ء
ƷףǵȻģпҾʹǻؼҡ
үԭҪԵģͻȻͬˣҲ˵ʲô
ҪʺǶ֮Ĵ㣬ǲڣǶദ˵ɡ
һһ͡
극ƷҪ뿪ȥ¼ңүӺ̫̫ǵ˺üۡ
Ӧլŵ()
ǰүһƾһţsԴʯĿ
óſ棬Ʒʣְ֣үүʲô
ƷЦŻصͨѿҲȥȡǱңû֡үү㻨Ǯôˢôöԡ
үү󷽰ҲǸܹôû뵽үү⿨ˢģ㻨ǮһĶࡣ
ƷʧЦƼҼҴҵˢҲܲˡ
˵ܹôϰ¸׬ټˢ緢˵
תͷգգۣүүǣԱϣ뻨ͻͷ˽ɶأΪʡ
ĺôܾôܣ
ҲһȻģΪʲôĵĴҵΪ˸ǻ
Ҫǲ˼үүģҲˢǵġ
Ǿͽӵն˿ͨ˰Ȩޣǿȡʹ˻ʲ
ҪҪѾȽǿֳ跨᲻ᶼɰܼ竣
ȺĻԼȥдԤ19Ҽ~~ôô


1355.1355 ֻѹե

1355 ֻѹե
ȻүүͰǮҲû˻ȥ
Ѿ˽װһ飬ǰҲûס
ҲȫĿռ
֮ǰǶԢҲû˵׼칫ҡ
Һһ˳ȥ
ʳƷʣ֮ʲô㣿
صҪȥһ׹˾ϰࡣ
诵ҪҽԺ
ƾҲ׼ڵһħƹ˾ϰࡣ
ƷЩͷۣһһҩ˾
һȥҵԺô죿
˭ȥүүǱԺҲýͷǺܿöӵġ
ʼ磺ҲҩȥҲǰ״Իˣ
˵ѾӦʦȥһ׹˾Ժлȥһҩ˾ɡ
Ҫֹһǵռļƻǵȴսõ;߼ĻףװϷչսӡ
ҩҲҪѧϰȽȽ䷽ͼ־ҩʦʱ̡
ƾû˵ƷȿڣҪãʵȨǺҪġ
֪ǿ()󷨺ͷ׭ܸȤҪƴվڸߴ
ԴΪʲôãѲɻҪˣ
ͷĶѣѡ̳˶ôѣǲװ
ӶԺǲˣŮǲзŷҵĿɽΪһŮأֻѹեˡ
ƾε̾˿аɣȥ
ҿɲóҩǿ
ƷЦ򣬡үүҲóҩ̳˵һҩ˾Ҫƿع˾ҩù˾Щʦȥˡ
ŻһתֹҩʦıȽ٣㲻źұȡ
ƾҪ˵(qng)ôϰԿˣۣ
磬ҪǲϲǾͱȥˣְֻأƴһꡣϣΪȥϲ(qng)
Ҳһ뷨ǰֻôг徢Զһأ粻üȥҩ˾Լϲġ
Ůг徢ƴһ꣬ƷﻹǸ˵ģŮܸɡ
ɿһȻȷʵٸһЩ꣬Ҫ̳еһҩ˾ƼңȥǱġ
оȥ˾һҪѧħҲܼȥҲǿӣֻȴ뽫ƴѪ˱ˡ


1356.1356 Ϊʲôôѣ

1356 Ϊʲôôѣ
ƾõĻůģüȾһЦ⡣
˵ҲеԼ֪ܶҪãվǸ߶ȣûҪԴñ˱ˡ
ҲҪһҩ˾ԾͰհ˵İɡ
̧õͷģҲǿԼϲ(qng)
ҲûʲôرϲģΨһĿϣãûк֮ǺͷյĿ
ɱ¼ı֮ΪʲôҪڿĿֻһֹǻؼңǼ̳ƼҺ͵һҩ˾
ȻԽöԷԸ
Ͷˣʱܶ()Ʒ֪ԼҶǸΪġ
ֿ诺ǿԼ棬˭ҪǸ۸ˣһҪҺ衣
ãаʲôĲ£Ц
ƷŮǵҪ̫ˣ˵ǸҽԺ̫Сˣһظ½һģ߳ԼȥʣȥؽҽԺ
Ҫϰ׵ľǰܣҪǴ϶Ҫ
֣ʲô鶼ûأȴСҽԺ𣬵Ժ˾ڰҽҽԺɡֵǿҲ£ҪԼ׬Ǯء
Ʒֻε˵аɣǲʲôͺϰ˵
֮ǰǸӣѾŵ£ڰɡֵ
诿ЦãϰֻǿģҲپܾãллְ֣
Ʒֿ˵ϲ죬ҪҰ㿪һоҰɣӵһ׹˾׹˾ڵ߼ʦô档
ҲЩЦã֣ҪȥѧϰģԺ󲻻ΪҪְҵء
ǸϲͰˮ
ƷҲˣΪʲôҪΪŮǮôأ
ЦˣǺúõ漸˵
ܿóǶӻŮǶʮģȽǿĸĬĬžͺˡ
ƷֻηҪΪŮһǧ뷨Ů̫ˣô죿
һ(qng)ȥүүӦûڵ(qng)֮ͻǵ()ˡ
û⣬ʱҵ()ˡ
ΪʲôƷﻹ׼Ůȥҫء
صҪǵһ׹˾֪ڵ()ݣѧϰļ
()ҪǶ⹫е(qng)ûôˣ繫ƻһǵŵļƻƼˮ¶ԷƼϡ


1357.1357 װ

1357 װ
ƼǵĶţȻ()ݴӱԶӣƼҼĵŮûж˸ǡ
Ҳб׶ˣ¿ܷš
˵ػ߼ɵҲΪƼңǵԺͷٹˡ
ҲŸսսӲãҲ̫ѹˡ
ҲϣԼ()徻㣬ԣȱǳҽԺɾסڣҪԼȥ˼ҶƼˣд
Ϊ()ݹҴѹ̫󣬻˱˰żԡ
Ʒ﷢Ů˼뻹ࡣ
ˣһ֮ϻؼҹ()ˣǾȻƼҵ()ݰ£ϸޡ
Ҳǲ֪Ů˵뷨ҪߣӣȥûŵŮһ١
ƾԼϰһ޿ģЦŵǾ͹ҵİɣ诺빫ʱ˵
ƼĵճСһ˭ӭţ
Ժ˭诸￴ⲻǽǵȤ
ȻʱҲͲԼվȽŸԺٹҲ١
һص㣬ҪǶ⹫()ݣǾԲܶҹӵ׷ͷѹͻ
÷ֻڶڴҵڣЩ˵ҲӦ̫˷ʱ;ҲΪδҸ롣
Ҫͷ֪˸ôΪ룬һж
Ʒﻹô죬ֻЭ
ðɣүү˵˵
ڶ죬һ˳緹ƵĿȥլ
լǱߣүӺ̫̫Ѿڿš
ֻ˶ڣˡ
һȥЩӮˣƶ()ߣȻǶˡ
һȥɢǿƾӢʮŮӣһɳϣλǹùá
һţֱ̫̫()ߡ
ƾҲͬүӽ()ߡ
˶˶Ľһ顣
ƶǸŮӣõ͵ŻϲС诺á
̧ͷ˹ȥЦ˵ллޣҲǸء
ģֻйùһҵֵԱȽϵһЩ˶Ǹֵ
үүǸ˧ͷ()()ҲǸӺݵ̫̫
Ц˵ϲ鶯Ůӡ
Ҳϲ˵Ůӡĸйٺܺá
ϿһŮӣװС׻õϲҲװġ


1358.1358 үԽԽƫ

1358 үԽԽƫ
Ưģʳ⣬ż鶯֮УȻֳϲ
ô˶ϲƺܿƲƲ죬ﰵװģ
ҲϲŮӣҲϲ
ûкӣǴеһźЩĽɩ˵Ů
ǾʱҶɡһСǿ˵()ݣϲƯŮӡ
ͷð
˾Ȼô͵õλ߶ɩԵƷɫ
ƷﵭЦſڣ磬Ů㻹˵ģرϲ
ڿԼұŮģƷﶼӣҵŮȻˣô㣬ߵﶼϲ
⻰һӵ˿Цã˭ҰְֻôŮǫ
ƷЦ˵ǣҲ˭ֶŮôôϲ
һ˳˳ǣˣﻹһƤġ
ƷƷ΢΢üһɵģⶼˣҿǴĺӣʲôϵ
ƷɴЦݣ㣬ҪѵһΪأ
ҴĺӣǾ͵ҵĺӣһ䲻ãֶŮ壬û𣿡
˿ĺͺ˵ЦҪ弸ɨˣȷǹģһûиĴ˻ȥ
ԭֶֶŮöҲ磬浱Լ
Ҫӣֲ⡣
㣡ƷҲû뵽ԼܵܵôСȻôᡣ
̫̫һԲҪɫ˳ˣģʲôӣ
˵Ʒڣô˵أ
ƷƲƲ죬ȶ˵̵ģôͲܻؼˣ
תתƤЦ˵㻹أҪˣǲҪˣԺٻʡö衣
Ʒڣ̫ˣֱûҽ̣Ʒһŭ˵
Ʒָĵûн̺Ѳ㻹Խ޴ңȻ뵱Ұ
ģүһϣƷںǳ⣬Խ˵Խˣӱ죡
ƷЦ֣͸úúõĽ̽ˡ
үҲһۣҲұ죬СͲԸҲܣŮǰ֣ŵô죿
ŮŻؼңҪǱôһ֣ΪﲻӭǣиͲˡ
ŮôˣŵүԽԽƫˡ


1359.1359 治һĿ

1359 治һĿ
ƷϲֶֶŮԲһִŵǡ
Ʒɫ˳Ϊүӿڣûٶ˵ʲô
诽һ񣬿λ()ǿƵĹùãȻ̫ϲǡ
òڼҲôϲùõܵȴʱн(qng)
͹ùÿӻʱܵԩҡ
ȻҲ̫ϲùãоܶһּӡ
ڲϲǣҲϲˣȻ⣬ֻҪǾС
˲ˣүתƻ⡣
Ʒ˵Ѿȥڰæѡһ(r)ӣСڡ
ѡҲú׼¡
㶣û뵽үӾȻȥλڰæѡ(r)ӣƾ˻治һĿء
Ʒǲڣڻȥλ
ԴĺôûôģԽԽƫˡ
Ʒȴ֧үӣǰܵѡ(r)ӣһ
үЦŵͷǣ
֮󣬾ͶС˵()ݣҲ֪Ƽҵˡǿ
⻰ƺＸЩȻᣬүʲô˼ʲôеˣѵͲǵ
رƺֱҪץˣ⹫һôƾˣرĲƽ⡣
ǰЩ(i)ģƾʲô˾Ҫߣ
ر诺װģֺóֱҪ
ֻȻ()ԵȴҲֳ֪ϣҪڷ쭣Ȼǵ⹫Ųˡ
ƼҵѪôҪôӳʹƼңﲻҰˣ
Ʒͷãһȥţ
֣诺̫⹫()ݣȹСİɣڹ
үĪʣΪʲô룿
ƷͽŮĴ˼תһ飬ǻСǶ漸ɡ
˶Щ⡣
ƺ㶣װģòҪΪɣ
ҲɵģƼҼŮ()ݣǺֵǮģ˾Ȼ빫
ҲãƼҶһС͹ˡ
ַ׷׿ں˺үӣͷ
ƷֶŮʱ()ݣ۾ǲǴֶܹŮȥ(())Ȧˣ
ȻҲ̫˷ֶŮôߵֵţֻҪȦ죬׵ܺߣ档
粻עʱȥֶŮ¸(qng)
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1360.1360 ܲܺúˣ

1360 ܲܺúˣ
ʱ仹磬үӽƷֵܽе鷿Ҫ˵
̫̫ϣŮŮദһȥ졣
ȥˣҺһġ
˶ûƷƷߺɩɩҲûйͬԣԼطȥˡ
úƺһ߳ȥĻ԰š
ƺԸһӶ߾ȥݲˡ
һֻ裬˺üֲ㡣
豭һڣζЩ򻨲һһɵ㡣
ƺ豭Ц˵Ǻȹֲ˵⻹ǴĸĻ衣
ָָϵĸ㣬ҲǴĸ̸ʦģ˵ǺĻһ䡣
ЦЦ˶ԷЩҫĳɷ֡
Ȼҫܸɣǹô˵˼Щ(qng)Ƕ֪ƺŮȴϤ
УЦ˵裬ŪĶôá
ƺҪڣ˵˼װģ
ЦǣҲ˭衣
ƺֵҲЩúͱ濴ȥĺ̫һ
ⷴҫƺһȭ޻ϣѡ
һЦʣλƽϲʲô
еһҧһڣԺ֣
诺һڲ裬˯
ƺһͷߣ(i)û湻ʵģǰµûʲôɣ֮Ҫ
Ҳãֻ֪Ժ˯ܱһֱӽһҩ˾á
Цƺﷴʣϲʲôأ
ƺȻ£еĽȴܲ׽ڵһҩ˾ϰ࣬ϲľоҩ
ʣʲôҩˣ
ƺЦڻֻbҩƷʵǻ
䣬Ѿܹóbҩڵһҩ˾Ǻˡ
ϴЦȴЩΪλ˽ó߼ҩ
bҩʱҲóaƷʵҩˡ
Ȼǲ߶Էġ
ЦգգۣǱ
ƺѵǫ£Ҳˣƽʱ䶼ⷽˡ
ζĿ˵õϲøڣҶЩĽ
ǰԺֹôȱأ̫ˡһȻģͷ
ƺٴθоһȭ޻ϣ˵û˼ܲܺúˣ


1361.1361 Ҫץ

1361 Ҫץ
һԱЦ̫ˣλʱҪץ˰ɡ
Ҫǻƽƺ϶˦ˡ
֪Լô˵⹫ܿˣǿڴ˵ķϣҲܶλ˦ӡ
ο(to)㻰
Цʣλøǣûʲô滮
еĸ˹ĳ̧꣬ͷ滮˵ǹ𣿡
ɡƺͷ
Ц˵ұȽϲףһʦ
Щߵĵְ֪ԭҪʰҽһоȥһ׹˾֪ʦһЩڡ
Ҿһô󣬺۵ġ
׼Ƚһ׹˾ȥϰ࣬ѧ׵ļ˵
ƺó˳ǣôҫ
Դ˶λõĳ(i)Ѿİ()ӿ(qng)ġ
˵ĽǼٵġ
ͣһڻ췽ɾ͵ġƺǲܵġ
ŵĵͷҲһġ
ƺﲻٺȥˣȻҪץ
ǿʣ诱أ
ʵ˵׼һҽԺְ˵ڳԼȥϲǿطͺ˵Ȼ°ҽɳҽԺ
ͬʱҲ¶ֲ˼˵ֻҾڻûپ飬ͻȻŪô󣬹ֲ˼ģرۣﻹʱȥԻȴСɡ
ƺһͷߣһҫġ
˶ϻŮǳý
һЦݣ诱ÿ϶ܽҽԺǿġ
Ҳŵ¶һЦݣܵʻģҲôõġ
ƺ治֪λôţѾʧȥġ
ӣصƼҲ֪ص㣬Ǻȥڣɵӡ
Ҳãʡ÷ǡ
ƺλ뷨ıЩƼôһֺƣҪȥʲôһ׹˾߿ҽԺ޷⡣
أƺｫص˿ȥȽƾ()ϡ
ƾػصұ˱Ƚϲħ죬ҰַҪҽһҩ˾ҲóҩҲֻȥְˡ
ǴΨһĶӣȻҪһҩ˾ġƺһЦݡ
λܲóҩñȽơ
¸˸֮ǰһЩ趨Կ1930-20Ҽɣϣʣµһ()д˷~~


1362.1362 ɵƯ

1362 ɵƯ
ģǱƷ˹
߹ȥΨһĿλЦʣʲôأ
ƺÿλ˹ɫЩȻ
ղĸô²̨϶ǲˬġ
Ӷ¿ʼǾ֪ĸ׺˴СϣʱִᷢҲǺ˵ĹϵҲ׽
˶û˵
ΪƷڵһ裬Ц˵ղϲʲôʲô滮ء
ô˵ƷζĿƺһۣǵǺܹСǡ
ƺܾ˻л׼شƷȴȿˡ
ЦŶʣô˵أҲЩϲʲôʲô滮
ЦеĽղŵĶԻһֲĸһ飬ƷڸպȽȥĲ裬˳
ǿ£żֱЦȿȣǵ(i)ú͹滮(ͦͦ)ġ
ҪҪȥ棿ԽԽϲֶŮˣһʡ
Ҳ(ͦͦ)ϲλģð
һܾҪ극ˣܻ𣿡գգ۾
ƷЦȥԺ棬Ҵȥĵط档
ھͽֶŮȥ棬ɿ϶ϲӺʹ֪϶Ҫᡣ
Ҳٺƺ˼(qng)ȥеĲ豭ð
ЦеĶƺʣ㣬ȥ𣿡
ƺ﷢λС棬Ȼôͬˡ
Ƽ˾Ǹ࣬úõļ̳еһϵļҵ߾ӪҪȥȦ棬һ˾˴š
֣ҲĸΪôϲˡ
һ򶼲мںΪ飬ҪԸʶ䣬Ųš
ƺЦЦܣղһȥǾͲȥˣ
˼ʧ´лһȥɡ
λ㣬Ժ󶼲Ҫˡ
ãƺϴӦȴһŹ֡
úҪ߽ԺͲˣ費ϲˡ
壬ھȥԺ档վ()
ƾ֪˼Ҳٺƺģ׷()
ƷϵЦһӣߣ
߳˻԰ҲԶƺ˵ߺ̧ĶͷС
Ȼ˵ġ
ҲΣ󷽷Ц˵ʵҲʵⲻϲĴ𣿡
ƤɵƯƷͷ


1363.1363 ôô

1363 ôô
Ʒڴż˴͵˹ȥסԺӿȥǸС͵Ĺ(din)һûʮֵĻ
ԺĻ԰ŸĻ˵ĸоǺ
ԺӣǴЦʣԺӸоΣ
ͷ(ͦͦ)ģر
˵˵ϡ
ԼǮԭлϴģӲ˲ˣҲһƷζ⣬мںΪģ
СֶŮ
빬(din)ĲҲװ޽̻Իͣǽ뵽ŷ޹Ĺ͢
ȻֻҪܶ࣬һ֮С
壬ܶܰڸ߼ƤŵɳϣЦŸ̾
ҲԱߣ
ϲƤԶ¶ȣůǼšƷ۵ﾡǶСֶŮϲ
˶ͲЩ˵ʲôЩ硣
ᣬôô
ͬʱͷðлл壡
˴ôô()ӣ֮ǰʵ治ƺԺϲġ
ֻǳԺֵ֮⣬Ҳܶ(qng)ǣ
ҲҪţƾɣϲȥá
ƷնϵöԷȥռһЩƷʵƤ͹
ǺƷǲһҾҪˣЦ
ҿ˿ȥμӵҰ㣬ĺܰ
ҪһʳҰֱĿûȤα
ΪֶֶŮȽϲӣȥ˵ϸϣҲ˽ˣദĹаճ߶ȡ
˭֪Ϻ󣬺Ǹһϲ
ֶŮоʲô棬϶ġ
Цã壬ȥμֽĿүүҰ֪𣿡
Ʒڸɿһ϶֪ʱǵĴڣֻвȤˡ
Ҫȥһ׹˾ϰ࣬ʱ䷽治֪ܲСԲμӽĿС
Ʒ۾ûϵҵʱʱžˡ
㽫Ŀľ籾ҿȥϰȷʱٸ㡣ͷ
ʳĿĻԽƷŪΪʳƷ˾ȴһѹ棬ЧɱֱնҳͶŹ棬Чöˡ
Ϊ˷սӵľûûжԥͬ⡣


1364.1364 Ƽҵȫǰ

1364 Ƽҵȫǰ
Ʒû뵽ô˵ҰǱһֱڶڣܾˡ
ڴӦμӣһΪ壬ȻֶŮ
ЩźĿ˿诣ϧûμˣ
读дҶóֻǼͥۻ˭ûпʡ
ղѾʹ磬ԭѾ˽ˡ
⺢ӽƼ߳ĵһĴ粻һӡ
ɲҽȥμӽĿʲô⣬ǵñ
Ц˵ûϵҲóգȥμֽĿҲֲʲô㡣
ֵһءƷ
Ц绨Ȼֵҿɲ뵱ĿĻƿ
ҪԺĽĿǿءֽĿǻȥμӵģָΪҽԺء
Ʒֶ֪ŮҪҽԺΪеĹϵϱȽ٣ǿҲνǼҹ
ʲôѵģǰûִ㣬ҿרΪһĽĿ
Цż˵ҹع˾ͷԸ߻˱()ָ֮ǾͿ¼
ֶŮϲǾͿһĿʲôǮȱ⡣
ҪˣƼҵȫǰܡ
׽ð鷳ˣ
ʲô鷳ģϲͺãƷڰڰ֡
˵ҲһϲʲôĿܺ˵רΪǿ
ƾˣȻֵʣŵȦѹһС()
Ƽҽļ̳ˣȻԼòûʲôʱ棬ҲӰ̳мҵȥүӵĵߡ
ͷãԺϲģһ˵
Ʒִȥ¥ңһ綯Ϸ
诿ʱҲϷƾʱᱻһ˵ļ
ƷڸϲˣҪĺӾͺˣúģ
ϧϴôһŮͱһ٣ȻҪԼŮ
һСʱԺǱ߹ܼҸƷһ绰˻ȥòͣδĽ
ȴȥϢȥȹ֭ϢʮӣǾ͹ȥˣ
ã˵ͷ
Ӷ˵ݹĹ֭һڣڸкܲ
̧ͷԭҪ˵ʱ㶡
壬ǲҪȥʡ
ж̫ůͣӽ˰мӣ˭֪һ춼ˣ~~2130~~


1365.1365 Ƚϳһ

1365 Ƚϳһ(to)
ƷЩȵĿ
ô֪ղŴү鷿ӵһѵĵ绰ϳȥ档
ʱģҲûи߱ˣô֪
ʵ˵ҴϿġ
ʮߣҲûǿҪɡ
Ʒ֮ǰϣ˲μҰ㣬ͱΪҽС⣬ȷʵиῴ
ʱ˶Ժ⣬˭뵽ȻܴϿҪȥЩˡ
ζЦʣ㻹ʲô𣿡
ûҪǳȥһ鷳ǶԱˣҵкܴۡ
Ʒ㶣Ǵ鷳ж󣿡
Ҵ鷳NɪЦ˵Ҫ鷳ҲҴ磬ҾС
Ҫص
ָһᣬϸ˵˳壬ǽȥһ˷ͻһ()ݵλ˻˳£ȻǽΪԷı󡣡
Դϴζ֮㷽˺ܶࡣ
ǰֻܿţȴԿˡ
ͻΪ󣿡ƷȻ̫š
Ҳ֪ûнӴⷽˣһ㶼(qng)
װѹģƷڣ壬㲻Ұ
СֶŮίѹģƷͻȻԼʲôĴ¡
æŵôᣬҾġ
ϾͲҪȥˣòãƷڵӡ
(ͦͦ)ϲģǴ鷳Ҳ֪˵ֻװίˡ
Ƽҵ˶Ƚϳһ(to)
ȻѾֶŮԼŮһƷڣֻθģãҲȥˣġ
˵ġּæһ䡣
ί¶һĵЦݣҾ֪ˡ
ȻӦңǾͲٳȥˣȻԺǲˡˣҪ
ƷڿЦãҴӦ(qng)ԲʧԼģİɡ
óն˸ѷһ²ȥϢѾ˵ȥˡ
ԷǱ߲ĵȥ˵үӽ²(yn)š
Ҳ֪үӱȽֻա
˿ƷڵݹնϢҲͷˣˣ
ǣƷڱֶŮ䣬üЦĵͷ


1366.1366 Դ̫

1366 Դ̫
Ʒóſݸˡ
͸ǵļԺʲôԼȥˢȻ
лл壡˽ӹƼҵ˻һˢô
ϢʮӺ󣬴˻լ
үӺ㽫СǴȥˣǲҪǣ
Ʒ͵͵ķ˸ۣ֣ôԼĶأôܴǡ
ϲСǣеԺȥú¸(qng)ء
үһ֪ͺãԼù㣬ɲ׼С
֪ˣ֪ˣƷڶ⻰Ѿˡ
үӵһۣ϶()Цݣƾˣʲôˣó˼Ӳˡ
Ʒڿӱٶô죬ͻȻԼǲģҲ̫ˡ
ƾЦ˵ǲʳõˣллүү
诺Ҳ׷׵ǶԳԵģллүү
⻰үˣӦ()ʳıŮҲ֪˶ٿ࣬Ȼʳ
Ǿȳţ֮ǵø߹ܼϲʲôϲʲô´Ǿͻ׼ˡ֮ǰùܼѯʣϧȴӴˣڲʡ
õģллүүҲǲ֪үӲܿľȻ׵Ļһͷߣʳֱܿӵϵ
ż()˵үүã
үѵ¶ر(i)ЦݣɵѾͷҵŮǺö˭ã
⻹ǵһСԼ()ԼãүӾøоСŮȻǴ˵ģǸСް
ƺ˿үӴ(i)ģ̲סᡣ
⹫ɴûôĹǣȽ಻ýӽǰҷ()ʲôġ
Դ̫ˣƺƺ˲ûгԷθڡ
һߵ£ʱһ۾ȥ˹˹ĵĸӣ첽˽
߹󣬶λŵүӺ̫̫Ǹ˵˼裬ˣ
磬ǸǱߵʵս͵ˡֶƷ˵
үӵͷ°ɡ
ƷЦЦû£˾Уɡ
º󣬿ƾЦ˵С诺ɣǵĹø
øãѾµ()ݣ׷Цŵͷ


1367.1367 ˭

1367 ˭
ӣٵݸˡ
һ񣡡
˽ӹӣûе򿪣Ц˵ллø
Щ⣬û뵽ø׼
Ŀ϶ϸ˿Էࡣ
ܿ죬ǱϲˣүӶ˿֮󣬴Ҿŵĳ
극үӽʿǽȥ鷿Ȳ裬̫̫ŮʿڿȲ衣
ҲƼҾ۲֮ϹأΪ˴˼ĸ(qng)
̫̫ɽԼ()ߣǵ
춼Ƚۻܳγ˵ĻܵĿ̫̫Ĳѡ
ҲƺܲڣǰżҲ̫̫()ȴ˺˵
Ȼ̫̫үӣ(ͦͦ)һ(to)
ȥˣ־()(ƨp)
ʵ诶̫̫()ţȫΪ̫̫ϲǣŻΪ̫̫()ݡ
̫̫ҪùһżӣǾͻȽ䵭Ӧ
ΪСʽͬúƺ()кܴ𣬾Ϊ¸Ӳͬ
̫̫ģºҲʱĲ弸䣬ȥձȽϺг
Ʒϲҳ˻ᣬк¥ˡ
һƺš
ƺʹĸ(qng)һ㣬ǱȽ䵭ڶȽϲĿҲ()ϡ
ƺĪԼһ
ʵ̫̫ʱҲƺ˵뽫ϾǴС()߳Ůܾͺˡ
ֻĲɵûȥ̫̫ЩʧҲ˳Ȼˡ
¥ĵպг¥Ҳ
ǰү鷿Ȳ趼һ˵˵͹˾(qng)ӺŮĽ
ʱ򻹻ӡ
ȴʱڶƾ꺮ůܼ͹˾(qng)Ҳ˺ԵĸоõүӶƾжӺ⡣
ҪɢʱƷյѷϢ̲ס𾪵ýǰĲ豭򷭡
үӼ״˺ڣסˣǲҵĻ
ƷڱүŻ̲סʿ˵֣ôܲ˵Ļڸ̫̾ţˡ
үһͷϣҸղ˵Ļʲôϵǲӽˮˣ
Ʒڲˣ֣Ӹɾء
ʱҿ࣬һ˵ҽܳȥͻǴ鷳
ȻҵʱţȴίŲ׼ҳȥҾͷϢϵľۻᣬ˭ˣ
үҪ˵ĳ嶯æ򷭲豭ԭ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~Ҳʱ1230~~


1368.1368 鷳Ǵ

1368 鷳Ǵ
˭û뵽Ʒڴ򷭱ӵɾȻ
õϳ˺⣬˶֪ȷʵһῴֻ˭ûϡ
ϼʲôģǶ̫ˡ
ڱβ⣬СϢƼҲû̫ˮ
ֻҽѧϻȽ츳ʵǱ߿ȥǱԶ֮أܶˮƽģߵ˲һЩӡ
үüƷڣǳʲôˣ
Ȼûм̳мҵԼֹ˾ҲˮԼͺܹ㣬Ƽҵıӻ˭ܹǴ鷳
ЩĪ
ҲΪ֮ǰƷҲ˵Ļ
Ʒڻصڶսս˧ĶӴݼȥȥҽԺԲѣҽԺǱ˽ۣΪֲˣȥ
ݼֳ֣Ҳǽߵĵطߵǧס
λڶսս˧ĶӣֻǸͼߣôߵȥûȥӦö()ϴʲôħƻµõĽѾ()ˡ
ү㶣ĻǸ鷳
ڶսŵս˧ôһ磬Ȼ竵()ӣǲһ(i)Ϊڶսŵļ̳ˡ
˳ˣڶսŵս˧ͺˣԻ֮ǰִ˽зı
ƼȷʵǶţڶսŵʵ˿Ϊսţʤһ
ҪǶԷСӲִѹ϶ⲻˡ
ڶս˧()ǸΪ()ݵ()ӣûˣ˵Ϊ˱ܽսϣһǣǾʹҪʱʱ¶ҪСġ
ȻһЩǳ鷳µļʮ**ҲᱻǷӱ
ԷĶӳ£ֻҪƼԼкӲµļ߲㣬ֻһֻ۱һֻۡ
үӴʱңסˣ鷳Ǵˡ
ȻСӣﻹǱȽ(i)ģ϶ϣֺ鷳
үӵһۣ㻹˼˵첻ŵĺҪҿô졣
ƷڴһֺµңǰȻҾ鷳ˣ
СĵĿүһۣʿˮ˵СĽǼһݼˣѾڶս˧ץȥҵˡ


1369.1369 붼

1369 붼
ڶս˧ȫǸӣƼǲ¶Է˭֪Ǽһʹʲôֶ
Էӵʵǿĵڶսţˣ()ǿǷʤġ
Ҳһѣֻƽϵһ㣬ȻûƼ㶥⣬Ҳһ壬˵پ٣˵ڶս˧Ǳ((Ʊ))÷ˡ
ү̾˿˱Ƿ()ӣӾӣڽŹ֡
Щ˼ϵɣ˭֪Ƿӻ᲻Ǩŭͷϡ
ֵ˶һۣӲ㣬ҿôʰ̯ӡ
Ʒڵͷ֪ˣ
ϵرļˣ϶ϵҲ̫ûˣ϶ܷӣҪᡣ
ҵСǰ̲ס̾ȻƷ˵磬ҪŮɡ
Ʒûİһۣ붼룡
㱻ˣúȥʡ˼Ů⣬ԽԽȥˡ
Ҫʱԣһŵܵȥúá̸ġģȻСŮֱǷᡣ
Ʒھ翴ײУֻˣҲ˵˵ϾͲϣѾŮˡ
ŷӦԭɫһ䣬磬˵ƣ
Ʒζ˵Ȼأݼʲôطʩôܣڶս˧Ķôᱻȥ
ҪûƣҾԲš
Ҳ˼ƵһӰˣϾЩ˵()ݣʺ¡
ɫҲ䣬Ȼҽ()ϣƼҲܾˡ
ŮӲܣҪоܡ
Եڶս˧˽⣬ҲǻΪƼҵԵʲŪܣпŪŪʲôģǸӣó˵Ŀȥ⡣
үҲ뵽㣬ҪûƣΪһִͽݼ
˽ȥúòһ飬ҪǷ˭ǵģͽǸȥɡǿԴҪûš
ƷҲþҪ֪ĸ˵Ƶģ϶ôˡ
Ҫ£ĺԭһ㶼ŵƷڣʱһƳ硣
ڳ˳ƷŮ⣬˻Ǿʲô̫ˡ
үӻǵͷУһ˰ɡ
Ҳа˸ʣµ18-19Ҽ~~


1370.1370 

1370 
ү룬Ը̫̫һϢ
¥ºϱŮ˵⻰̫̫յնϢ¶˲ɫ
Ц֣үү£ȥ鷿
ûж⣬²⵽Ӧ(qng)
õģ()()վ()
ûȥүӵ鷿̫̫ùܼҴ¥
ڲԶƺЩţȻ⹫ȥ鷿
Ҫ֪үӵ鷿ƼС˵ǸȽʥĵطҲű(yn)롣
ƼŮӣûһ˽үӵ鷿
űϻ죬˽鷿ʸͻȻЩûʧ
Źܼݵ¥ϣţ洫үӵ
ܼҹĽƿ߽ȥֹ֮
үЦŶ֣
ţ󷽷߹ȥԱߵĿλϡ
үү£̧ͷЦүӡ
ĵȻ󷽣ƺֵܶɵ̾λСõĺܴ󣬲֪ǲ֪ηġ
⹫ȻɵĵزҲҲǴСƼҳ󣬺⹫˵Щη塣
ԣƾ⹫ʱҲģҲҪ诣úһ㶼һ
үûлش𣬷ʵܲµԭ𣿡
ûв׾Ϊ𣿡
µˣүü
Цģ˱仯֮ǰԭǵ鷳Ѿʧˣ(qng)ӦѾүү֪ˣ
үӺ˶˵
ƷĿͰ׵ĿǶˣһǴ鷳
Ц˵ⶼΪء
ƷЦ˵֮ǰԼͲ𣿲ΪҪĻģίžܾ˳ȥ档
(qng)Ȼ˵ˡ
ͷǣˣ
үӿʣ˵ῴ㣬ǳ׼ô𣿡
ʵصȷʵȽó㣬Ҫ˲Уû취
벹֮ǰʾӦǱˣֻбƵһҲˡ
⻰үӵ־˾Ʒڱǲ³ģȴˡ
˭ǲ()ߵĺѣǸҳȥģƷڼæʡ
ϵͳֳˣŪ˰Сʱŵ~


1371.1371 Щ

1371 Щ
֮ǰϢƷڵˣǺС浽ĺֵܣŶԷԼ
˿˵ǣǸԼء
ʾ()Сˣϵ׽ͨһǵģôҷִֵ鷳
˵֮ǰжԼȥ棬ûȥ⣬Ǹûȥģǵˡ
ӦòĻʹ
ƷĻ̫еˣ֮ǰôû뵽ûȥ⣬ûȥ˾ɡ
ϾԷȻǣ϶ͲԼҲȥǵڶս˧Ǹӡ
ȥʽ˭ûȥն˷һϢȥ
Ĳ²⣬ֻ˵رǿ޷֤ȷνĿ㡣
ʵûκοѧݣЩš
շϢȥƷߵն˾ˣѴƵ绰
Ʒڿүѯʣ֣ҽӸ绰
үҲ֪µʼĩУƵС
ãƷڽֻͨ˵Ƶ
ҲǶԷͶӰ֣ܳߵĶԷͿ
ܿ죬һȥݺ;㲵ӢӣͶӰ鷿
ɣô£ôǵ覵ģƷ֮ǰϢûϸ̡
覾ǵڶս˧Ķӣλڱֲ˵Ķ硣
ʩһε˵ɽŮѺһȥ棬ڶ¥覣˭֪Ů˾Ȼһȡ
֪ģˣʱðɸñӣȾͳ򰢷ɡ
Ůһİ˵Ǳ((Ʊ))ġ
Ҷ˾ƣɸȸˣôһͷһ(r)覸
һʼҲȭߣִǶû⣬ΪԷ˶԰ɶ֣Ҳȥˡ
ҵʱҲûע⣬֪ôˣͻȻ˻׶Ը覡
Ҳ˻ףǸӣܿͱſ󱻰ɵĻ߷ɡ
˭룬覵Ļײ˶¥ĲϺ󣬲ˣҲӶ¥ֱֱˤȥ
ùǣ覵ĻױɵĻ׹ҳ⣬޷ϵͳҲûܷˤֲˡ
Ҫл׺()ϵķħãѾһ̲()ˡ
żеľ˵ս˧֪˽ɴ˹ȥǶֱƵȻһĶ԰١


1372.1372 ɱ׼

1372 ɱ׼
ĽЩӸûмѪȣʩɶ¡
Цս˧ģ϶ôŹǵġ
ûҲҪ鷳Щҵ˵
Ʒڵһοǰ֮УǸŮأ
Ͱһٴˡʩɻص
Ʒüʣ֮⣬˭ûȥ
·ϳ˳ȻȥҽԺʩɾóܿ˷ʱ¡
Ʒ۾ɵǸŮѣʶʱҲڰɣԼȥǼҾưʱġ
ǰһеӡŮ˳ú񰢷ȥǰŮѣھưɳ׸ͽסˣ֮˽
ʩҧгݵ˵ǾǸֱӺˣֺǡ
ƷûнǵĻ˵ºһ嶯֮ʲôݾߵ(qng)
úϢһ취ܲս˧ο
ʩ¶һ޿ı(qng)ûõģ˵ѹûġ
ҼǱѾ˾ԼĻԼȥеֻܾȥս˧Ҫҵ
ǾǸӣ˭֪ҪǵʲôҲ֪Ҫôˡץץͷ
Ʒڸ׼˵ȴԱ߿ˣӡ÷ڣѪ֣֮һؼұԭ·һߣ϶зϡ
ƷĻһ
ǱʩҲڣ()߻Ůˣ
ֶŮ׼ģǲҪ׼ؼˣƷʡ
ʩɶʲô׼ûзϣǰңҸ׼ϳء
ϣ·ؼҡƷǿ
ʩɺĪΪʲô
ΪС룬ֶŮҪԭ·Ѫ֣֮ɱ׼ġƷ˵
ʩ뱬ֿڣʱѾȻ(qng)Цˣû(qng)
Ҷ(ƨp)ҵһҪǽҵøǣͻ·ƷҲ뱬ˡ
ʩɶʱۣƷôһ˵ĪľĻŻŵģаɣһƵ
ͶˣɱңһҪƷٴǿ
ʩһͷߣ֪ˣ
ǾҹˣȻȥϢϵ㡣ֵ
Ʒڵã·Сģ


1373.1373 ɲ

1373 ɲ
绰֮Ʒɫ̫ÿ
һˣȻҲȥҵôɹˣ϶⣬һɰɺǸŮʶƵġ
Ʒʵһܼ򵥵Ȧ(to)ͻȻԴ׼Ϻȶ˴ȥһ(qng)Ҳ˻ɡ
Ϊʲôôɣþˡɵ覵ĻҾȻʧˡ
Ļ׿bף㱾()((co)co)ܳҲڱûʧ飬Ҳһɵ㡣
ӦֻһСɫƵĲǣ覡
Ʒ㶣ҲӦ˹磬˵ʵҪǳȥģ
ҪǳģûȥҲᷢ(qng)ˡ
ƷͷǸǼмѷһģÿս˧Щ˾Ǩŭġ
ԷһһļƻĿӦþΪҪ
ƷҲеôӦǴϾս˧ֻһ̳ˣȷʵǽ竣ս˧ȴǳ(i)ӣ˵ڶսһЩ߲ҵķԣӲǽƵ˼̳˵λá
Ҳ͵˲˵·Ҫˣڶսŵļ̳˾Ϳճˡ
ΪǷִƾս˧ķ()ӱضҪǵļҲǳصġҪ̫֣ǵļͻ棬ʱ֮£()ԪҲñ֮
()գɫ䣬ɱȴƵͷϣǵӡ
ҪǱֹҪȥˣҲΪֻ⡣
߾ֲ֮ԾѾڷ״̬ս˧Ҳ϶ȱıЧ
Ʒһ㻹̫
Ʒһ޹ұͲ
ϴȥúòһǸǼҲҪǣڶսŵĶȨУһҪ˾Ƽҿɲӣ˭ƾơүӴżŭ˵
Ʒͷǣ
ŷ£ڶս˭жͿ¡
ĵţԵڶսźѶ˽⣬ҲԲϺš
ɨɨֹøĲɣûעȥ̸ȻⲻȤ
棬żһ䣬ҲֻΪԼ뻰⡣
͹øһⲻȤ


1374.1374 Ų

1374 (i)Ų
Լʮӣү׼ٴν̸ɢᣬƷڵնͻȻ
ǺѴģӦʲô(qng)
һѯʵүӣүӵ˵ͷŽǵƵ
ܿʩɳͶӰһ;ֵģ
Ʒڼ״̲סʣôˣ
ʩԼ˵ҿô֪·ģǲͲ鵽ˣ
ƷһҲ(ƨp)˵ֶŮģʲôˣ㲻ûҵģ·ɣ
ʩҡͷûˡ
һ£Ҫûģھ˫Ȳзˡ
ʲô˼Ʒʡ
ʩһ˵ĻûĳҲȥʱ··ˡ
Ϊʡʱûҵģ˭֪ͱ󿨳ײ˫ȱ󿨳һðĲ֪ʲôըѪ()ģȫˡ
ȻһյһϢ֮⣬һҲ˳ս˧ȫǷˡ
ҪǺѣ·Ļһ˫ȿ϶Ҳˡ
ڽܷ֫˫ȷ˽֫ȷʵ·˭ҪȰͲ
Ʒû˿Ͽؼң춼ˣ(qng)Ź֣ǵʱ򡣡
ҲúõİŰɣǴܹȻҲǲȰɵġ
һ䣬ֶܸŮĻ˰ɡ
ʩһѾ̫ƷʲôֶŮģΪѲ鵽ġ
ûٳŵĵͷšţ
žͺã㻹᲻Σա
Ʒڲͷٰ
һ߿Ƶʩɳ˳ǣҪҪôװŪģ
˿ƵʩɵƬ̺˵ûΣˣΪһ٣ԻӦһС١
¥Сĵ㣬ʮ**ˤˣ𳵻׼Сסһ䡣
ҽѧˤ˻߼ȥƲСʱָܻˡ
Ʒڶǰٷ֮ٵţԵ绰ͷĺѵû¥Сĵ㣬ҲС¡
ʩ˶ˣѾˣѺֶŮȻ˵ԼۣҪҪôû()
Ųʲô㣬ʲô¥ˤ
Ǻǣֱֻ(qng)
ƷҲţҲûʲô£(i)Ųţ޵ģ


1375.1375 ų

1375 ų
Ʒڹ绰鷿ͬүڵ뿴
ҪǾǲŵġ
ô𣿲ܡ
Ҫûпѧݵôģ
үɫŹֵĿʩҵСӻѪ֣֮ǴϿģ
ͷǰ
Ҫүүҿүӻ̫ˣԼԡ
Цãүү𣿡
ţģүӵͷ
ֻΪ˿үү(ͦͦ)ƽģᷢʲôõ(qng)
ƵСơһת˵
ү£ʲôСƣ
գգۣ֪ˣ
үӰŰɣðɣҵ쿴
Ʒ̲סչȥʣٰҿɡ
ЦŵԼûʲô»ᷢȴΪѷü(ͦͦ)Σյġ
˵㻹ửƽһŰɡƷ˵ģԼҲӦҪһš
ҪǷûãǸѵеá
óƽݸƷڣ岻ǵĻһһԡ
ʮߣķ֣ܵԼͿԻ⡣
ƷڽӹóһŷԼڴû£Ҿ÷һ()ϸġ
ֽ⼸׼ȥµļѡ
ƷҲŮȻ㣬ڵִȻ֪Ǵڵġ
ͬʱһֽŮô
ʱһ䣬軰Ҳͽˡ
ƷŶӺŮ뿪鷿¥ӺʹŮһ˼ҡ
˻Աߵı
źûлط䣬ڿ˵˳㽫ø͵˳
ÿ˵ﶼһģֱװһƿҩ
˶Щ⣬ȴԼһƿţֺһСڡ
ҩд()ܵЧͨ˺߶á
ùͽĴţƿһġ
ˣaƷҩǷ֮ЧģҲиáһ䡣
ƾЦЦλøǺҲ鵽ĶԵϡ
()һҩʦƽ(i)þֲҩĺҩϲʵֿѧˡ
ҽӦ£ߣӦ˫ss
Ǻǵˡֵ
ͷҲϸ˿࣬үү鷿Ҳ۲£ӦǸֱˣĳһоִţ²ôģȷʵųɡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1376.1376 һҪҳ

1376 һҪҳ
ƾжغϣҲøû⡣
诿ڵλͱ㣬ӦҲǱװɱǵˡ
ͱЩĻȴױơ
㱻ԼãŪÿҪץģЦڱ(qng)˽⣬
ƾͷţǽ̽ǶǲϤҲͲ˺ͱˡ
鷿ʱֳĿռ綼𾪣Ȼ֮ǰûкú˽
ǲϲҲϾǰһϵֻ()ݵλͬҲǸовкܴ󡣡
ЩǸǵųȻԣȴеġоǲûбʲô̫Ķ⣬ǵıһʵҲǵĵλ
ڶԱɢϲУܺԵĸо¶Էص
оȽǹøǻѺãӦҲǿпͣҵʲôĲġ
ڱǵĲϲͱֵúˣлûʧء
()ϺУûиоɱ⣬̽ĻҲСĻȴȥһǵװɱˡ
Ҳųɣ
ǲǱң˶ϲͱ㲻ϲǺֻҪŶ()뷨С
ϲС
诵ͷȻ()ϿҲжģǺͱϿųˡ
ǶԹùôأŸʡ
ƾ()ȽǿƣҪӣҲôϲûɣڻоϲ̫񡣡
ʣأ
ӹùõ࿴Ǵ()֮ˣҲ()սթģ()ӲϲҲоӦòĻʹ
λùúͼ˵ĹϵôŮô׽ǿøЩ(qng)
һתҿзС˵࣬пܻᱻá
Դٶ۲һʱ䡣
֮ǰҪװɱǵˣһҪҳġ
ҲǶڹ۲һߵˣųЩˣʵҲ˿
ڱȽɵľǵնǱߵˣʽھܼˡ
ȥ²Żдһ£컹819~~~


1377.1377 Ȼ˵׼

1377 Ȼ˵׼
ƼլߣƷڻصסϴ˯ˡ
˯ŲãͻȻһնѡ
˯ĽֻʩɵͶӰ֡
һǱģƷڣڣиֶŮ
Ʒ˼֣ϻȻˡ
ЦеĿˣ
ʩɼƶģ˳ǣһôһֻı(qng)
ȷʵˣҸմƲֳ̲סᡣ
ô۵ģƷڳˣ()ʡ
ʩɻص˯ţҾ¥Ⱦƣ֪ôһ£Ȼʹ¥ˤȥˡ
ȱˤ۵һӣҲݣȻ˵׼ˣôһ㶼ѧ
Ҽ˵ҪСˣ㲻¥ãһҪǺúôڷָûˡ
Ҳ˵̫ˣȻ㵽
ʩɷ˸ۣô֪˵ô׼
Ҫ飬Բ(qng)
ˣʲôʱֶŮˣЩĪʡ
ѵƼŮҼǵһ䵭ץץͷ˵
ƷڵһۣЩôܺҼᲢۣ
Ҵҵĺء˶ٵʧĺӣҵ˻
ʩ֪Ʒʧʮ꣬涼ȥ͵ҲǴġ
û뵽кӴڣѹֺôӡ
ǺܸȤЦ콫ֶŮ
ε飬ҲЩźֶŮˡ
Ϊ覵(qng)϶꣬ѵֶŮڰæ¡
Ʒﲻ֪뷨˵ɣҴ翴Ľ֪ܲܽ
ҼŻ()ƽҸȥӦûеô
úãɡʩھҵο
˵˻ỰŹˡ
ڶ緹׼Ůȥ֣Ʒƾȥ׼֮()ݵˡ
ƷڸϹʱĸŮѾ뿪ˣŶȥʩɼˡ
ιֲֻĸŮˣ»Լϵܺõҡ
һȥ̳·һֱŮں޲ý̳·ˣÿ춼뽫ŮƯƯġ
СʱΪ读ű˾˸ƷϢ
˼״̬ã̫ˣ¾(qng)дʣµ22-2230Ҽ~~


1378.1378 ˵ģ

1378 ˵ģ
ڰҸպһڹ֭͵Ŀ
¼״ȥһƿݹȥ
ҽӹ˼£ԲŽֹס
(qng)ּˣ컹ȥǿ̬ɡΪҰ˰ĵ˵
ֹͣԺ̾˿ֻˡ
ⲡǲҪȥܺõĵطͻѿԲֹҲߣʱ֪ȷʵˡ
ЦŵͷǰҲܿ𣿡
صţó
ܰѰ𣿡ʡ
㶣Ϲ˵λֶŮҲҽڱǱ߻СЦŽ˹ʲôܵģ㿴ɡ
ְ̧˰֮ǰ²(qng)ͨҲȷˡ
(ͦͦ)ϲλģҿͶԷϵܺãҲûйĨǵʣⲡһֻģʵͶ֮䣬޷ӵ㡣
ζ˵()ϵĶҲԼõİɡ
ԭЦɫ˲˱䣬һ˵𾪿ҧҧ
Ƭ̺ҵԼ㣬ô֪
¶֪ô֪ģ
ѵǸղŰģôܣ
£ԷҲ¶˾֮ɫ֪λɩɩǰʱûп
ҲֻǷ֪֪Ǿǿģ
ʵ˵(qng)ǰֵģ(qng)Ǵݺָƿġ
ɫֱ䣬͵ҲǹҪ㣬˵Ϊҿ԰ơ
ֻҪĲˣĶˣǾӡ
ҪŻȥ˰̣ȷʵζԷĲֻܵˡ
óְֵֶܺܿأҲϣԼãҲ¶˺ӻʲôģ׼֡
һ˾Ӧû⡣
ղŶóҩų˼ζҩĳɷ֣Ӧṩҩҩְкóġ
Ҳ˵ǼҺͶĹϵȷʵܺá
⻰˶ˣСĽϵĹ֭򷭣()ϡ
ȴȫûȥܣĿⶨĿ˵ģΣ
ͷܣֻЩ鷳ʱҲ΢㡣
ҪûգҲҿڣпܺͶ˲϶ҪǼ(qng)


1379.1379 ұ֤

1379 ұ֤
ʱĴҽ˺ûа취ҽΣѾˡ
ȴΣҲ֪ҪʲôʣԼ(qng)ˡ
Ҳû뵽ԼŮܿôΡ
ȴû˿ĻɣŮСʱеĳϾ˵Ƚҽѧ츳Ϊ껹Ϊġ
ǻҽȴûгɹйĵУҲ˼Ůˮ׼϶ߡ
֪ܶҽѧ޷εĲҩͿԡ
оȫ()ڲĶԷ֣ңСͼ̳ҼҽĴУˮƽҸߣ˵Ǿкܴϣ
Ʒһ¶Ůȫ()ĵκͽ
⻰֪ɩӴ˵ٻʵ
һΣ鷳£ٳʱҲܵȡ
ϣӵУҪΪƷš
ʵ()ⲻƷΪ˲Ƽҵ˶˶˵ģҲѹûкԼ͵͵ķһֲĶ
ֶֻҪþͻӰ()ĻȻȥĽǲвеѹе˹ȥ
ЩĲٶֻһЩҵˣڱЦӣǲǹʲôģﶼܡ
пܣȻҪһĺӡ
ͷģ˵ξͻΣʱҲܳԼ¾Ȭˡ
ĶҲôھͿʼ⣬֮Ҫ()嶼ȫָˣٸһЩ()е֮кܴкӵļʡ
⵱Ȼҽܽģеǵ
ʮ֮󣬵Ǳ߽¯һЩǰûгԹĸ߼ҩ
ое֮аٷ֮ʮŵļʻС
ҲƳΪ򲡱⡣
ҲöߣͲұ֤ˣͨ˵Ļ׵á
һѽץס֣𣿡
סְģұ֤
ǴʲôʱʼأΪԼ֮ͲˣȴõȲһ
ЦŵǻؼңȰһƣٰһЩ͵ҩ裬ʱĿӰ첡
֮ÿķҩһΣһºٷһֲҩһӦþȬˡ


1380.1380 ˼

1380 ˼
ҩûУҲ׼߶ʱȥҾС
Ȼ˵̫ˣֲ˸ûκãԷ֮ھκãЩš
֮ǰ˵ʱ䳤Ϊüء
ֻҪϣͲܷ˭ûпƷŵ⣬ȥˣ˵һЩ
ãܲκãлл㣡
º͵Цһˣô
ҪǽʱĻȥסĵطҰȷýⶾҩ
ûʱҲóն˸ϹһϢȥ
ƷսŴ񣬼ϢȻЩȣȴûжʾͬˡ
ظϢ¶(qng)͹ȥ
Ƭദϵõľңֻ沣Ǹǹۣϣܹһź
ھȻȥ׼ɣ³ڼ
֮ǰ(qng)˷·𶼶˼ϣЦ˵ðϲɩķˡ
ȥһЩʳģȻ˱
࣬ƷﲻֻƾͬһĻƷźƷڡ
ƷŽģƷԼ䷹ġ
˽ĿƷڿ첽ߵԱ£ϴż˷ܣ̫ˣ
Ʒһڣ߹ȥԼҵܵšԱߵɳԶ
˭㱦ˣŮҪŮԼȥ
Ʒ˵˭ŮˣҺֶŮôˣ
ƷŻǵһμԼôϲС¶˿Ц⣬ʲôˣ
ƷûҲǺҪ˼Ż()ƽȥ͸ҵļѡ
Ȼһ·һ¥ʱһϽ˼ǰճֻԷϵˣ֫׵ġ
ںϽһ˲˵оڴеķ̣ȻһڼϣϽˤж
ҵеۣɼȴû£ȥҽԺ£ҲǵƤˣҽҲò˼顣
ʱʱǸմӾۻĵطֻǰ棬ҲĿ˷һУҽԺҲȥġ
ȴҽԺȥǸȴַѾճһѺڻˡ


1381.1381 Ҳ

1381 Ҳ
ƷڇNɪļ˵
ԭǶǷãǿ·ʱȡЦǲû˯ã˥ɹġ
ɳ(qng)ǶòţôƽĻΣգ׾ƽĹϵ
ҽֽϴҰ㣬÷ΣʱƵǿǶʱסˣһѣҲǷǸ
ʼĲҪҪģһץһҪ˵Ҽ̫ˡ
ȫǸǼǰģúˬ
Ʒû뵽Ȼ(qng)Ц˵Ļ
()ŵƷ˵ģٴ޷ƽҲζĲƵϣ
Цſڵֻⷽܰء
Ʒתͷƣ
ҵĻ򲡱䣬ȻҾܻˡԼϹɫ˲˱䣬סģֻңҪΪⶾء
ﶼԼˣȻҪƣôҲûбҪˡ
Ʒ()ӽ˽ˣ
ҡҡͷûУ()ϵĶԼģҵĲǽֵġ
ϣԼĺӡᶨ˵
Ҳò˼飬ȴԸȥš
Ʒ΢΢üȻֶŮǺܲͬҲ̫ˡ
ɿϣĹʣԭҪ˵Ļ˲ȥ¶һЦݣţ
ѾҪֶŮˣҲš
֮ǰüɫֶŮӵĻŴһѼĵܵܣͻȻЦ
ֿ˿ȻŵĪľãҲš
ƷڰŷӦʲôβʲôжô£
ƷҲ£ܿʹӵõĻ³ʵ
ҽ͵ʵҺ֮䣬ڲܻеҡ
ƷĬ£ŶƷĴָ磬ġ
Ǵ绹Ƕ磬ʹɩɩĸ(qng)ô˵ĵ
һֱѹĵ׵ܱƣƷûʧЦллĿ佱ˣ
ƷҲԼҶˣ(i)ǾͲ߳ѹû
ĵ׻һ˿ůûйͺá
ƷԭЩص(qng)Ҳ˲٣ֵ⣬Ǻܸ˵ġ


1382.1382 

1382 
诶һۣȷһ㣬Ƽҵ˻һ()š
ºܿ콫ã˵ЦһԷ
ͶϢڣֱΪ˽ơ
ΪƷĵʱƷںܺķҪ
꣬ȥҩã˲(qng)Ҫõҩ衣
Сʱҩֱƿҩݸˣ˵˵õע
ƷڿŴ()ҲҰѰ
Цã()ӻһһġ
Ҳûоܾа
Ϊ˰Ц()ܺãûʲô⡣
Ʒջ֣()ȷʵ(ͦͦ)õġ
Ʒû˵Ѹ(ƨp)
Ʒֱ׳˵ˣܸİ
ԭҪճȥģǷһĶԼһֶܶŮ
ŮֶŮ涼ҪţҲ̫Сˡ
˵ֻܸŶһ뿪
ϣļһ绰ʣʲôʱֶܽŮȥǿ
һҪҫֶŮƷ׼ȥܲܶ磬诳ȥ档
ڶ죬ĸŮûгȥ֣ڼһоʽĸ㡣
Ҳ͡
տıɶ˳Цʣң()оõ𣿡
ϵЦöˣҹ˯ĺܺãҲҽرã
ôЧƷŶû뵽ġ
ҲţǵĲ
һСЦ˵һΣͲٿˡ
ţѾоúܶˣЦСԡ
˺ŲŸ죬պܺá
ʱƷˡ
ɫЩ̫ÿЩߺͽ
ºҺλСϵ(ͦͦ)ã״ɵõĵʣôˣʲô鷳𣿡
Ʒ£һˮȥ̾˿˵鷳ҵĺѳˡ
֪ƷںܽɵʣʲôˣǱߵ𣿡
Ʒڵͷܵ˵ʩɽһγķ֮⵽һ̮¼ѹһš
մ౻ҳ⣬ƲҲ޷޸ãⱲӿܶ޷˶


1383.1383 ˣ

1383 ˣ
ºҶû뵽ս˧ıôңһƲһơ
Ҳ֪Ҫ˵ʲôοˡ
Ʒ˵꿴һֺºϣҽȥæ
ɩĻ򲡱а취κãҲֵܵˣҲκá
Ȼϣ󣬵Ӳһʱ뵽
Ҳû֤һûԲ֪ܲҽΡ
ҪǷĻȥҽԺɡóǸѺӡ
Ʒͷ㣬Ҿȥæġ
¼ڵھȥɣǱһ˵ġ
ƷڶͶȥһмɫлɩҾȴȥˡ
ȥɣ
ƷȻȴûг١
ҽԺȥ˲
ʱʩɵĲֻվһѣĸĸҲڡ
ƷڴһûмŮʩʩĸ㶡
()ݣʩǿгһЦݣˡ
֮ǰƷӵĲ(qng)󣬼Ҵҵ˵Ҫȥҽˣû뵽
ƷڵͷȻ()ߵ壬ҵֶŮҽܸҾﰢɿ
ʩ˽ǰһֱöȺУƷڼãҲȽϿףȴҲˣ
ʩĸԭģڼƷڴŸôŮ˵Ҫβơ
ܵĺˣҽѾ˶ۣŰɡ
ƷЩ˾ȻֶŮ
Ҫǻƽ˦ˣΪȴˣɫ˳˵塢̣Ӧ֪֮ǰȱײˣȻû¡
ǶΪ()һҼƽûˣûжڶ١
⣬ҲΪƽܹһ٣
㵽ںĴôһ˵ڵԣұϽӸ¥УзֶŮķûзϵ
ǿ֤ǶˣҲ׷׿ڡ
ȻƽûаëǮĹϵΪ֮ǰô(qng)ڶҽŻɣȴҲϣԡ
塢̣ѾˣҲиĽڲĲ(qng)ЦġȰ˵
ʩʩĸɲܰΣɼ˶ô˵ˣƷҲǺģֻܲϣǿͷǾ԰ɡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~Ҫͼ˳ȥ¹ƻ21~~~


1384.1384 ʱ̻

1384 ʱ̻
ȻͬƣʩʩĸҲͽ()Աߵλ˳
û˵̧ߵ()ǰ
ֻһɫ԰׵ӢӣûͶӰĻźǴ
һֻ첲˰֮ǰѣҽ˵еأ޷޸
ʩɵֻ࣬ϵ߹ҲȻƲݹ·⡣
⻰ڳ˶㶡
ʩɵҩȷʵҲ⣬ҽƷ뿪֮ȥƲֵģ˵Ľ˵Ĳࡣ
Ҳǳ˲˶⣬ʩ·Ҳܻ⣬Ҳ뱲Ҫ϶ȹˡ
ƷߵԱߵĵʣа취𣿡
ͷа취
ҩһҾ޸ˡ
˶٣ϵ⣬ҩУҲһܿ
ʩɵʵҪܶ࣬ٲƸ߼ҩм޸С
Ʒһϲ˼ǰɿԲЩ֢
ţ֮ܺǰһǸˡص
̫ˣƷϾǸˡ
Ʒڵĸ˼γɷʩʩĸˡ
Ǿ˵̫ˣʱҲ̫ˣôصһܾܿôܣ
ʱǲ̫ˣʩĸ̲סʡ
δ˵ƷھͲ˵Ŀˣ̣Ƶʱ̻ѵ뿴Űɶһʱ䣿
ʩĸ˵Ҳţɻǽ˽ȥȻѾӦԣҲûбҪ˵ˣҾǾе㲻˼顣
ƷȻĵö˼Ҽô棡
ʩĸҪʶƷڣҪΪҡײƭˡ
µóʩĸ뷨Ϊ˼
󷽵ĵΪ÷޸ҩ޸˵ĸҩǿȥһ³ɷٸá
⻰ԭɫЩ̫ÿʩʩĸĹ˲١
ҩҳԣȥʺٳԣǵǲ
鷳ҽˣʩһЦ˵
ЦЦ
壬ҽԺҩáתͷƷ˵
Ʒڵ()ϡ
óն˷һϢܿǱ߾ͻϢҩѾճˣ߰ɡ
ã


1385.1385 벻ļ

1385 벻ļ
Ʒںʩ˴һкֱȥҩ
ҽԺԺүүѣҪźס
ߺʩĸ¶˵֮ɫҽܲа
ʩε˵ô֪ûϣ
ʣ֮ǰ˵Ƿ(qng)ģ
ģġ֤
Աŵһӣն˵֮ǰڴ绰ɱײ(qng)պñ¼˽ȥǷЧǿ
ȻƵͶӰڷ䣬ܿҾͿһʩɣֱܲײɡ
ٷǳĿ죬ʩɱײɳȥľԶȥʮֵļң(qng)ȷʵ˻ˡ
ż˾Ϳʩɵ()Ϻðһ׹⣬ȻײɺûȻֱˣһ(qng)ûС
Ȼ()һЩڻңһĺ¡
ǺڻҾǷ֮ճģҵҲǡ˵
Ƶʩ˾þԼһֱܵ˳
Ҳһ˿ϣҲǸκöӣ
ħҪҩģҩ֮
ԼһСʱңҩ͸ҩɡ
⻹ٶȣ²־ŵ
壬ѾúˣһøɡҩƿҩݸƷڡ
ƷȻ̫ˬʩʩĸԼֶŮҲһУȥɣ˾Զת̬ȡ
ʧЦνˣҪĻܰﵽѡ
ƷͷСް
˻صƷڽҩƿҩݸʩ壬ȥȼɣҪеĻ͸ɷãȻٰġ
ʩҲûװѣϾϵӵ()壬ã鷳Ȼᡣ
Ժˣֱȥ˶Էæҩɷ֡
ԺһʼЩˣúмȻ͵ҽԺѵߵļ
Ʒڴҽѹ˲ǼһǸͷǲ˵ȥƷ칫ҵġ
ֻܴʩȥҽٶȼ⡣
Լ˰СʱƵҽһ˳ԺƿҪӵһֻ()ɷ֣޸𵽺ܺõЧ
ҩҲһ޸ɷ֣ˡ˵ȵЧӦûܺá
ԺԭΪҩУȫ벻ļ˵ɴ۾һֲţģ
ģǼ㿴ҽݹȥ
Ժ۾ʩ˵ߣȥСɵĲ
ˣ23-2330~~


1386.1386 ģ

1386 ģ
ʩҲû뵽ҩȻ˵ĹЧҲļ
ãһȥ
һڲʩĸʩͶȥһѯʵ
ʩͷղҽԺѾҩ͸ҩĳɷֶԶӶаҪҽ
Ʒڲ뷭һۣ֮ǰ֪˭ġ
Ժڳ˶֪Եһ۾()ϣȻûбֳлǾ¡
λҽ¶һͰЦݡ
ʩЦŽܣλҽҩ͸ҩСɵ(qng)õġ
λҽԺĸԺֶܡ
Ժãк
ԺЦʣҽ˵Ҫʲôƣ֪ܲܿ
ĵԣھͿʼֻҪӰС
ᣬǾ;ĿšԺ治ѡ
Ҳ棬뿪һЩ
ʱʩɻڻԣ߹ȥ·()Ϻ˶ʮ롣
ٹʮӾѹˡ˵
Ժ£ն֮ԤƣʩôҪСʱʮӣģ
ȴû˵ʲôʮӾ֪ˡ
𣿡ʩĸһֱţȻϣܺܿ
ͷģ
Ǵҿ˿ʱ䣬ԺҪҩҩĳɷ֡
ûв׾ҲûڣΪʲôҪҩϷӲҩЧ˵˳
øԺһ˼ʱͷ¶ԭ˵ı(qng)
ףˣΪƽЧһֱʱͺѡ
ʮӵʱֺѵƤֶ˶
Ļ䣬˾ͼʩɻ۾ֵ̧˵Ĺ
ʩĸ첽߹ȥסʩɵ֣Сˣоô
ʩǲ()ӵģҪȴоʹϾһ¼ˣ裬ҵôˣҸоˡ
ʩĸһð˳ûµģˣҽ԰ƣһ֮ܿˣİɡ
ȻţΪ˰οӾ˵ˡ
ʩе£ҽ˭
Ʒ߹ȥҽֶŮڱ𶯣Ļ֢״Ȱܶ
ʩɻ¾˺ѵֶŮ۾ųĪĹʺͼҼҽ
ЦŶ֣ʩã
һŮ壬(qng)ˬòҲϰ


1387.1387 ºְ֡

1387 ºְ֡
һֱԼֶŮƷ̧
ʲô
ʩŻڨڨЦЦû뵽ֶŮǸŮôᡣ
ϻҵֶŮȻǴŮˡƷڰһۡ
Щʱǲƫˣ
ʩʣоôˣ
ǲǿʼЩ᣿֮ǰȫ()ͣǲǻˣ
ʩŮ˼úõĸ()(qng)
ŵͷǣû֮ǰҸоȫ()۵ˣ֮ǰԼԼҲҪѵĸо۵÷ڳܷΧ֮ڡ
ֶŮǲʲôЧͷ˿()ϵĽ롣
صǵģýΪ㻺ʹһԵҩҲܻĳɷ֣ûиãͲѰˡ
һܲҪҶ֪ˣٹΪһΣͿµˣֻǻǲ߶ҡ
ԺҲ̫˰ɣôͿµˣ֪ˡ
ڸղ˵ʮʩˣû˵ʲô׼ſ
ʩЩղſģ֪(qng)أоû֪ʱ򣬻ΪԼҪ̱ˡ
ô˵ҾͷˣֶŮллˣ
м˵֮ǰҲķȻұǳײϣָ(ƨp)ˡ
֮ǰѽӲڴʱһ㶼⣬ôһֽܻ֣ôܣ
ں޲ºֶŮְ֡
ƷںֶŮֶŮֶŮĺˡ
ǣҾͺɡʩɵƤҲǸġ
ЦЦ㣡
˿ʱ䣬ʩ()ϵĽ£ȻҩȵĨϣɴ
Ȼתͷʩĸ˵ҩÿ춼ҪһΣˮɾҸղһͿĨȹͿˡ
ž񻹲ĶӣʩĸҽĪ˼֣ãһģллҽ
ҡҡͷ
ʩúϢȵͷʩ˵
ʩɼҪˣЩ˼ʣǸƽܲٸҼŰ
һ¹ʣð亹ͺ£ս˧Ƿˡ
ָ֪û(qng)ˣ
ӿռóһƽݸ˵ϸ˿࣬ڶѪ֣֮òϼš


1388.1388 ܸǰο

1388 ܸǰο
ʩɿٵĽ˹С()װڲŷĶ
㿴û£ǿ϶ûˡʲôģһ㶼ˡ
պãﰲο
кһͺƷ뿪
ԺҽҩܸȤ׼ٹ۲ҩЧԼ(qng)Ļָ(qng)
˸߳ûԶ˾׷
ڵȵȣ
Ʒת()
ǰЦ˵һȥ
߳ҽԺһ()ֹģ
Ʒû˵Ҫ˵ʲô˵
һۣЦŵǸ֪ܲٸһƽ
֮ǰۼѽ£Ҳ²ѣڻţҪƽܰ
Ҳ׼ˣ˭֪ս˧ʲô(qng)
ǰٸһŷɡҲڣֻս˧ûʼǣҲ£Ƿܸǰο
Ʒһͷߣ֮ǰ˵˥һҪ
ƷһۣǲǿЦǶǿһֱܼŵģȻһװǷ
Բ˵֮ǰһ㶼ţֻ֡
ó˺±óһƽݸ()ϾֻһˣŰɡ
첻⣬ͺһţᱻ˺ᡣ
ֿ˿˵𿪳ȥˣȥҪҲ
û£Ѫ֣֮ȥӦж֮ģСļӶˡ
Ҫǻǰǿ϶ŵģȴæͷúãġ
֮أʡ
صڵʾô࣬ʱҲȫȷпܻ仯ʩ(qng)ͻȻֵ״
Ϊλս˧ͻȻģֱʲô̼ˡ
֮ǰʩѪ֣֮ܿĳʱӡȻЩڣȴڷ(qng)
λս˧ܵȼ϶ʮһϣͻľ͸ıԭʩɵࡣ
ȻҪǽʩɣҲ϶ܿġ
˾е׷˵ǵ´Ͱģٹæ
ҪǰԤ˵ͿԱܿˡ
ʧЦУٹɡ
ƷȻЩˣȴϣûµģӦҲһ


1389.1389 λȻ

1389 λȻ
ˣƷڻ˱
ƷѾؼңεûƷڣȻ´к
ûþͿˡ
ƷﲢûʳԵĹأŵܵ˵ǼѼȥҲǸ취Ǽĳȥս˧ú̸̸
ʱʱĵָһ¾ͳˣ˹ƳԲĥ衣
Ҳȷʵս˧Ǹµķ
Ʒ̾˿ʩǾҹǸˣȴܾ档
ųһ仰ָܹô˵ģʩΣơ
Ʒ覵(qng)͵ڶսŵˣҵѲϵս˧Ǵ˿϶ܲµһЩ˵Ը
ڶսŻ˶úӵ˵ҲھǱ뷨Ҳ׼ôʩǲŻϮ
˵Ҷ˽⣬ֻǷӲŻ֣˵ͨ
Ȼ취Ҳģʩǵļ御ȥĻʹܷɢǷӵעѡ
Ʒڵͷã
ѻָ˭ûǲܵġ
ܿ죬͵ڵʱ
һƷʹǻƼլ
Ƽҵϵ˶ˣϵҲһЩƽȽӵˡ
˵ĴŴҲ֣˺ܶ࣬լûþͱүүȥ˼רŰڷȵùݡ
֮صƼרŵҪɼλ϶˽һѪӡԷĳ˵֣ꡣ
ߵм䣬Żվۿ
˵ǰү⣬Ƚϡ
һλվ()׼˵ͻȻſ¶
ڣ
үӺҲʮֵ⣬ûüĶ룬׷׹񣬡ڣ
ʱŵȫվվŵ˸һ
ֻүһӵ⣬ڶ˶𾪣λȻˡ
ҪС٣ΪĿǰΪֹǶֻڳĿ˵λڣȴûм
ֻôˣѵƾ˵ģ̫ܰɡ
Ҫ֪үӼ̳м֮λƷεһҩ˾߼ʲô£λڶûг֡
ôҲ⡣
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1390.1390 ô£

1390 ô£
߹үԼλ˳

һͷںòȥʮҵߣʵѾüˡ
ûпүóλϡ
һ֮ǰվҪ˵ϵĵǼɡ
ǣ棡ҲܺôˣȴҶʡ
ǿһƼҵѵóŰɫ͸Բξʯ
ǵľͷųעһžʯ˵
Ҳ̺꣬ͷųʯɫͻб仯ӡ
ȻҪǾʯһɫûб仯Ҳʹӡʧܡ
ĻƼǲõġ
˵()岻Ǳ˵ģȴǣһ㶼ġ
˷ֱѡһɫʯ򣬽ͷעС
ܿ죬ɫʯ˲䲨Ѹٱ仯
һɫ˾ʯȻһĻûΪɫҺ塣
ɫҲӵһļ󸲸ʯ򣬽ԭİɫ档
ƾ诵ʯɫ̣֮ǰҲ̣󳹵׳ʱϵʯһ̡
ùۿ˶Ȳѡ
Ҷ֪ӡʯʾɫԽŨѪҲǰòѪɫˡ
ȷʵûгֹġ
ô£ǸûҪѷɫһ
ڵĿǰľʯϣԭޱ(qng)϶һ˿Цݣܺã
Ҷе£ʲô˼
վ()ĿͰĿ˿Ժʱҵס
оóǴģЩϲС
ǵͷã
ڽָָ̧ƾڵƼһļ̳˾ˡ
⻰ڳƼ֮˵ɴ۾˭û뵽ھȻֱָһ̳ˣҲǰδ(qng)
ǰļ̳˶ҪרŵĲ㿼飬ȻǳϲŶġ
ֻѡڵһѡǵһû˻̫ˣŻѡ
ȴûеָ(qng)οƾŻ죬ǵһڡ
𾪣ûʵģүȴ⾪ϲ
Ц˵֮
ƼңڵĵλȨߵģû˭Խȥ
ĻͬһԾŶ
⼸棬ϣһ˵ˣֻдһ֪ͨ£һؼҼдʣµԤ2230~~


1391.1391 벻ͨ

1391 벻ͨ
ҲԸȴû˸ҷԡ
׷()˵֮
Ҳ֪ˣ֮ͻȻȫǳƾġ
ֱָƾƼһļ˵ܿˣҲ
ڶ˵ǾǷˡ
ƼλѾλһٶ꣬˭֪Ƽƿصҩ˾ܹΪǵĵһҩ˾ȫĹ͡
ϡٵssҩʦֻƼҵλߣҲε
ţǶҪһ֡
ֻûгƼҵլһֱӡ
Ը󣬱㾶ֱ뿪ˡ
ҲôȷǳƼģʱҿƾͲͬˡ
ֱָƾΪһ̳ˣҲ⣬Ͼ˭ǵһΨһĳƷΨһĶӡ
Ϊʲô˵ʱȥסʲô˼оܿһ
ƾǻ⣬ΪʲôҪأ
ܶ˶벻ͨܲ³ҲΪҩ츳ɡ
үӺƷ(qng)ܺãôһе˶õϿɻ
˾ľʯŵƼá
ȥлӭ磬ҲΪе˶ཻ
˵()ݱϿɣеĵǽ̸кҪʶӴǡ
Ҳ˶үүһĶ
㣬նߵҪ̫ˣܶΡ
ȥʮֵ(r)(qng)֪ĻΪǺϲƾء
˻ܸоõǵϲȽϼ٣ЩûпͷŶ⣬Ҳʱ޷ж֮ǰ׵ǲЩˣǶ˼ַ
󣬽ļүӺƷƾҲǴҪʽܸǵĸ֪
ڼ͵С
ȥΪʩġ
Ϊ»˻ҩоΣ
ʩɵľǰ˺ܶ࣬Ҹоµ·ˣ𣿡
()֮󣬷ҽĲһĺãĲ(qng)()ۿɼһתá
Ц԰˵µߣֻ߼У̫ˣô߶С
ʩһϲãԣ
Ҳ˷Լ()վȻĳǰһԺʩŽ˸š


1392.1392 ûҴ

1392 ûҴ
ʩܹµ·ʩ¶ϲ֮ɫ
֮ǰҽ˵·һʼҲ̫ţ쿴˺õĻָ(qng)־˵ϣ
ڿµ·ˣŵҲ׷¡
ԺǾȲѣͲʩµ·׵ıˡ
ɵһ죬֮ǰû˵Ƕ
ôģо˾Щš
ʩɿЦЦ·ˣ
ˣʩ߹ȥҲߣȻָ֮ߡ
ҽҲô˵ġʩɺٺٵЦЦ
ʩ̬Ҳȫıˣ(r)(qng)дżָмǣҽġ
ҽǶлˣ
ЦЦҪллɡ
æҲơ
ʩЦҪлҲøл㣡
˼䣬һкƷڵ뿪
ߺ󣬸Ժʩһȫ顣
°͸̾Ǹ棬ҩҲܾ׼СɻָķɴѸãûҴˡ
ʩЦ˵ǰ˵Щ˼ҽձڴʱǻһĻɣû뵽ҽô
ǵҽԺϰ𣿡Ժ˼һתʡ
ʩҡҡͷûУ˵ڵһ׹˾ϰࡣ
Ժôõҽȥ׹˾Ҳ̫̣ˣ
´ΪСƣǵýҡ׼ûҽԺȤ
ʩɵͷУ
ҽԺ֮ͱһֻ(r)š
ƷںأôҼ
ȴûջ񣬡̫ˣ֮ǰȫˡ
ٰǿ᲻ᷢʲôɣڶǳ׷ˡ
ҽڿϡ
ҲûܾЦΪ˿˿Ȼ󽫽˵˳
˼Ҫ꣬ûҪ
ȴÿ˾һʲСǱȥ¶Ժʹƻ
ҽԺ뿪׼ؼңն˾
Ѱģ
ѰڳڳϣԱ߻ˣżɽ˵㣡
Լط档ǰһϢæһ飬Ӧнˡ
ѰԼĵַһȥҲҵ㡣
ãĲҲİ迪ġ
2330-0֮~˼ʱ䲻ȶʼӦþȶ~


1393.1393 Ҿлл

1393 Ҿлл
Ʒڵĳϣն˺ͷ
壬鷳ȥ
ƷЦŵã
Ƿ𣿡Щʡ
֮Ƽҵ˶֪ͷĴڡ
ԭүӵҲˣֻȥһˣûм
ҡͷǣֻҵһѣ
壬Եһǵ˽𣿡ʡ
Ʒû뵽ԼֶŮԵһŸȤЦƼйڵһǵŵϣһ㴫һݡ
ڱȽϻ֣ˣֻǻǶһ䣬֮ɾˡ
ãɵĵͷ
˵ط³ȻȥԼ߽˲¥İ䡣
װ޷ʮ£Ҳ˺֮ܶ࣬ŵһ㡣
ţѰȥ
Ǻһμ档
Ѱһ裬ЦЦĿû뵽()ݻ(ͦͦ)һġ
֮ǰǵһǵŶûвõ()ֱװ߲֮ŵõϢ
ҲǾһѣȫû뵽ȻƷµŮ
ΪԼһ裬Ҵû˵Լ()һ㰡
ˣѰʡ
ͷ˰⹫ôˣ
û£ʡѰ˿ڲǰҰæϢѾнˡ
ЦеĵҾͲµϾİЧһǺŵġ
ѰŮҪʱͻ˵ģõʱᣬˡ
ллĿ佱ˣѰĿҵϢɲͣʲôأ
һлǺѧģûѵ͡
ʣҪʲô
Ѱ˵ҽһ׹˾
üֶΣҪһ׹˾ף
֡Ѱ˶ҽĵȸȤ⣬ĻҲȽϺ档
Ҫһ׹˾ϰ϶ɣȴ䲻¡
ʧЦһܹߵ׵Ļ״ʦҵ֣ǲӦøең
֪ͺãѰ԰˵
εûдҾллˡ
Իʦ()ݽһ׹˾ģС⡣
ûоܾѰҲҪ̽һƵ⣬һջ׷ļȽⷽ汾()ҲǸš


1394.1394 򲻿ô

1394 򲻿ô
̸Ѱһ
ȥ˵һ׹˾ϰ࣬ҪǴҵһݡ
֮ǰˣʳЩϰߡ
ҲζܲĲ٣θˡ
ҲûܾУû⣡
鵽ʲô˵ɡ
Ѱصϴαһǵŵ˰ɱǮ׵ȷʵƼҵˡ
⣬Ƽҵնģ
Ȼ֪ˣȥ飿ѰŲ豭ʡ
Цǲ³ģҪȷ¡
˭ɵģĵ
еѰû
룬Ժоͳ˵Ӻ(qng)
үүĳҲǵնееٮٮߣ˵ǶүүµĽӰˡ
֮ǰ˵Ҫ̸ֺͶģûˣôõһǵɱǵĶʲôأ
ΪܵЩںһ棬ӿɲô˽ġ
ҪˣҪ̣ҲְֵܱܵĶӣһҩ˾ļ̳ˣòƶ沢Ǻܴ󰡣
˼Ƭ̣ԼԼ뵽ʲôȴûץס׼Ժජ㡣
Ƽһ˺͵һǵϵ𣿡ʡ
⻰Ҫһǵŵˣ֪Ŀ()
ѰȴֻͬҪ֪ģһǵžûòϢ
УǸүүԼӣߵĵһǵϵʱ仹̣ǱߵϿͻˡ
ûж⣬үүһҰĲС
ҰʮǰϮǲһǵŸɵģͻȻ¡
ѰҲ֮ǰûҲ顣
ڰҲ飿Ц
ѰüƾʲôҲҾͲˣ
Ȼ˵ƾʲôõ(qng)ҲԴﻻ
һ㻹벻֪ܵģѰҪҧгݵĸо
˵ɡһڲ衣
⻰֪ˣиҺܺ棬һͬһһǵɱ޵ˣйϵ𣿡
򲻿ôɡ
Ѱ֪ܴϵϣõ׷ߡ
ãǵ޺ûá
Ѱص֮ǰޱǸŮ˱˼ϻȥ֮󣬾ͳá
һ¾ͷӦ˭ˣŮ˵׷ߣǲǴɱ޵ˣҲ


1395.1395 ûаʲôɫ

1395 ûаʲôɫ
޵()֪Ҳ֪ڻعҡ
һ壬ĵϵһмҪӪ˾
ĿǰΪֹĲƵҵģ漰˶ҵõλ͡
Ȼм̣ҲǺͺչļţʵࡣ
߶()ݵĻֿ()Ǹ߹Ů˲ٵġ
ֻ׷Ϊȥɱˣ
Ѱ˴𰸣ǣΪɱ˵ģǵڶսս˧ֶӣæߡ
üս˧ֶӣҲ׷ߣ
֮ǰ˵ǸŮ()׷ߺܶ࣬ܶ()ݲġ
Ҳ֪ɺϻǹģ޺ֶ(ͦͦ)Ƶġ
ȻˣôΪɱޡѰһ䣬⣬()߻кü()ݲ͵׷ߡ
ҪǣЩ׷֮ȻΪìܣֻҪ漰ͻŽһ¡ѰЩûŮ˻ôģ
ô˵ͻȻǸЩ棬ô㣿𣿡
Ѱ˵ûô
֮ǰΪòϢ󣬾͹ȥ˿Ǹ㡣
˵ʵòʣʵѷɫܶ࣬ûȤĵط֪Щôġ
ˮƽЩ˲һߵġѰ㲻ð
Ѱư˵ǵȻˣܺұȣ
һﻹΪǣѵϵɲɣ
лҵǸ㡣Щ棬Եô()ݲŹӵŮˣʲô
Ѱܵ˵ǣ϶лġ
ˣһ⡣ûȤת˻⣬֮ǰս˧Ķӱ㣬͵һǵûйϵ֮ǰ˵ս˧ǸֶӲ𣿡
ս˧ǸֶȻ(qng)йϵɱ˴˼ֻụ
ôҪ˲覵£ûаʲôɫأ
Ѱô˵ûش𣬶ǵһǵŵһն˿˿
ѾӱֲǷֲˣȨޱȽϴ
ܿһǵŽӵ嵥߲һЩ(qng)
Ƭ̧̺ͷһǵŲһ֣ս˧Ǹֶӣ֮ǰǵһͷĿӴǲ߻Ƶģȥȷ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~19Ҹ~~


1396.1396 ˭̫

1396 ˭̫
ѰĻѾжս˧ǸֶӾ㲻յĻʹҲԲ¡
ʣڵڶսŵλô
ѰصλǸ̳˸߶ˣ²սԼΪսڻͳһ֧СĶ顣
ս˧ֶӣڵڶսеĺǱȽϸߵġ
֮⣬˺ҲͣǶǼ̳˱Ƚߡ
ŻһתȻҪ覲ĻǺٸҲûáڶսս˧Ȩ˭Ǽ̳ˣǾ˭
Ƽҵһһ䡣
üƼҲŷûõ(qng)֪ˣ
ѰǵȻһǵŵ(qng)޴ڡ
Ƽǵ()ϸⶼʡ
Ѱʼ磬˭Ҳ֪ЩͷĿŵģϸǲܲ
һǵҲһƬгÿ˶Լ˼ʹ㣬ЩڸҺ͸ߣÿֲͷĿԼ͵
ͷף
ٹҾȥһ׹˾ϰˣʱһ𡣡
ѰЩʣ㲻ȶһʱٴȥ
֪ĻΪڵһ׹˾Ѿ˺ܾˣһȥϰȻʹоֵ
ЦʦǹŴʦҪѣ˭ҪԾȥʦȥ
õ͵ʱ͵øߵʱȴҪߵǴʦ
ʦǵһ׹˾Ļʦ()Ϊͽܣôֵܱ̫͵ѷɫأ
λıְȥ˾Ͳܶʦ
Ѱһ¾ͶˣҲԣҵʱȥϣ
Ů˲ֻ츳ãòƻܶøֹӦĻҪǿ
˵˼䣬ѰˣҪһ𣿡
ã߰ɡٺȼ衣
ѰҲվ()ͿҪ뿪
մţնһϢ뻹תͷѣȥս˧Ǳˡ
ϢЩ⣬ң𣿡
ѰЦǵġ
ҸоߵﶼǷǰ̾
̯̯֣û취˭̫ˡ
Ѱʱ˵ˣСĵɣս˧Ǹӣ˵Ǩŭ()ˡ
Ц㶼Ƿӣǿĺܷ谡
飡شһعŵ


1397.1397 סˣ

1397 סˣ
Ѱѵ˼־衣
˭ȥս˧ǱҩӦúս˧Ǹֶӣֲϵ
类ָΪһƼҼ̳ˣס
ûߣƾ䡣
˵һ¡
ѰߵõϢ˵һ顣
ѾȷˣǵնǱߵ˲ǻš
ƾ˵Ҫұս˧Ǩŭ£Ըҵӣ϶ᱨȥ
ܻὫƼˮҲų£ҲƼ϶Ը粻ǲһһͽǳȥˡ
ƾӣıȷʵܶЧ
Ҫˣ֪ս˧ã϶Ҳıȥ
˺()սթžǻ취ȥҲҪڶʱQ䡣
˭Ҫͷϣ˭ǲȵĵߡ
Це˵Ҳôġ
ԭƵڶսż̳˵(qng)ڼȻͷϣǾͱҲˡɫҲ䡣
Ǻ۸Ƶġ
Щôȥս˧Ǳҩò鶼µó
϶ʩɵ˻ս˧ǵĶαԭһӶҪεʩκá
սս˧ţҲñͲǵǨŭ()ϣӶȡı
ֻѰ˵ս˧ǸӣԷӵ˽ǾԻֵġ
óöűңΪԼռһԡ
诼״æʣռĽô
űҵװ뼪
װ뼪ʲô˼诵ĵʡ
ص֮ս˧ӦþͻȡжҳˣҪǲǰ׼Ƚա
ǰ⣬ǽɶľ档
ô˵˿ǰͺã
ܻܲ⣬һ㶼Լõ
ƾ̧ͷЦʣ׼ô죿Ҫʲô𣿡
ս˧ֶʲôҾȥʲôζĹ˹
ƾ붮Ǹð취
ʱն˳򿪶ȡЩȵ˵ԭһǵŵѡ
һǵ첢պͳƺҶ²Ǽٵġ
巢ڵһǵŵһЩϢϢһʱ뵽Ѱ


1398.1398 ӻȥ

1398 ӻȥ
ֻ뵽ˣƾҲ뵽ˡ
ƾ˿ڲƵ˵Ѱ()ʮ**λĶӡ
򲻿ܵﶼõڲôϢ
ͷҲô²ġ
ЦſնϢȻ˵ɾˣѰҪĶӣǵǺ
һǵŻвٺģϢȤ
ƾЦţպúദĶȾС
˵һỰͻȻʣ磬֮ǰǷֿϢ𣿡
ƾ֪˵˭˼ԽʧȥϵʢǱһǰҴϢͱսŻĻѾΪӳˡ
Щļʣ˼Ǻһȥսŵ𣿡
˼ǰһ񣬸һ֧ȴӰˣˣ˵һ˿زˡ
սŵֻоóˣӦһսŵĸ߲㣬ǸսţҲ֪
ƾ˶˵һӦñʲôطѵˣûдϢ
Խǿ޵Ϣȫˣпˡ
ԽʱԼԼԼоõԷҸоõԽţĶ֪ˡ
ֻҪžУƾͷ
˵껰˾ͻؼˡ
ڶ죬ϵƷڡ
ƷڽƵ绰(ͦͦ)˵ģ𣿡
ûӣżɽ˵壬һս˧ܰæϵ𣿡
ԭɳϺȾƵƷڣ㽫ʲôҪǸӣ
ͷǰӦϵɣ
ϵҪȥǸӸƷںܳԾ
صյһϢȥս˧ǱӦûǨŭңȽ𡣡
Ʒһܲµȥս˧һŭеľƱֱ顣
ĸ˵ɵģȥһ飬ǵŪɡرû뵽˻ὫԼǣȥ
ɵЩڣȥʩɿҪǱǸӶϣǾ鷳ˡ
һ㲻ȥǸң¡
֪˼ȴܾȥѾ뵽˰취ҪǳˣܽܺúõĿһѱҵˡ
Ʒڵһ()ϸоһתһҲԣŮôܻơ
Ŀᶨ˵Уȥϵһ
ãͷ
2130


1399.1399 β

1399 (i)β
ܿ죬ƷǱ߻˵绰
ͶӰһ֣ϴɫǸķӾܾˡ
Ǹ˵߹ȥҪһ棬Է˵ˡͽ绰ˣˡ
ˣΪеڶսţ޷˭ˣҾʹȥ⡣ߺߵ
ƼǺ۸ģҪֻˣɸҶԲɡ
үүʹ硢֪Ҳɡ
սţƼûֲǰ衣
˵Ǽһеһҩ˾أֻҪԸ⣬ȥԵһսšսſǷһ(qng)սŵս˧ԷǳæԿڶսš
⣬һʧȥΨһӵĸףѾûжǷĸףʲô(qng)ó±ھҪ޲Ĺ
ս˧(qng)ʮֵ(i)ӣֻʮǰΪһ⣬Ϊ˾ˣΨһĶӡ
ҲԽԽ竷չҲţЩʮ׼ҪΪɨǰ·λ
˭뵽ȴҪˣôڰ׷ѣŹ֡
ȴΪ˺ս˧ϣǲ˱֮˵Ը
壬㷢һϢս˧ֻ˵һ䣬벻ѹҪս˧Ŀġ
Ʒ㶣ʲô
ͷϵİգ廹Ҫ(qng)˵Ҳȱס
֮ǰ÷սҽԺĲ⣬覵ĲаöԷġ
ƷҲ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣȷ𣿡
ҲҽǸӸóжϣƳʲôԻٷġæ͡
ЦЦûµģϢɡ
Ҫǻ㣬߲ţȥʩĲ(qng)һӶεˣһܾܺá
Ȼ̬Ҳúã͸һʩģ(i)βΡ
ҪҲǶԷǣίȫ
Ҫӻȥ϶ϵǸӡ
Ʒھеãٺϵ
ҪǸ˵ǣȥɣŵĻսӺƼҵܸ֣ȥ͵ϮǸӡ
ζǸӣ
ο϶ʧܣֻҪǸӣͿ϶᳢ԡ


1400.1400 

1400 
ϣһʼקս˧ڿƷڵϢ;ˡ
Ʒڻû˵ʩɵ(qng)ȥϸˡ
ܹϵڶսս˧λãȨģս˧ֻҪ侲Ǻܴġ
ʩɵ(qng)һ˿ϣ
ƷڣλƷˡ
˫Ĵʮӵ绰ƷڲŲ(qng)ԸĴӦս˧棬ȫǷˡ
绰ƷڶɵЩ
ԼҵֶŮֻҽҲܲһжƿС
ųȥûеͳˡ
˳ӣƷ˵ս˧ԼĵطڵڶսŵսҽԺ
ԭ׼Լط̸һ̸ǸӲͬ⡣
ѾĲ²УӦǣֻΪӣԶĵطҽԺ
ˣ()ΪһףӶҪˣ(qng)ս˧̬ȡ
һʧȥǱ()Ƿ()ӣһ˵(qng)Źˡ
ЩΪĸڣ()Ǻܿ(i)ĸ(i)ģԶ(i)ӵİְܻһЩ
ƷڻѾ˲٣УҲһӼƽϡ
˺ܿ쵽ҽԺս˧ĸѾſڵţֱӽǴȥڵĲ
һ¥һסŵֻ覣սҽԺõҽȫţһʲô(qng)Ӧԡ
ٶ˵̬ȱȽϿȻ֪˹Ŀġ
ֻż۲¶һЩӡ
ӴĲŸȽһŲ()Ÿ۾ӡ
()Աߵһսװӣ()վһȥʱӣӦ
һս˧һȽ׽ĸٴ񣬻һ()¶ڵ
ս˧Ӣһӥһǿĸо
˽¶һ˿Цݣ١ҽˣ
ȻѾϸˡ
Ʒĺһû˵Ķͷս˧
ս˧ҲȦӣĿ֣˵ҽԼҼ棬ǲаҶӣ
ҽԺ֮ǰ覵Ĳ˵Ҳ˻Լİɣ
ԴӽӵƷڵźԭѾʧȥǷֿս˧һ¾Ī侲
һ侲Ǻ͹ˡ


1401.1401 Դ

1401 Դ
ս˧òϾܿⲻһʡ͵ĵơ
˲ʲô֪ڲ
ЦŴ󷽵ĳϣ
ս˧۾ǵһУǰ㵭Ȼŵģҽɢһε˿ơ
ȻǶ֪˴˵˼ǲȽ⣬Ҷӿɡżɽ˵
ͷУ
ߵ()߿˿()Ѫɫ԰Ӯˣûƣתͷս˧˵òɵȳȥ𣿡
Ʒ߹()ߣ϶ǲɵˣҪ
ս˧û뵽ô󵨣ûʲôЧͿʼˡ
û()ֺ˽ĸٰڰ֣ȳȥ
£ȴҷľǣ
ȥ֮ٻĽŹϡ
Ʒں᲻ˣ()кս˧һ㶼ʵս˧()ʵǳǿ
˳ȥ֮ս˧˵ԴٳºǲǸоһ¾һֿ״ֻ̬һͷ
һ˯ͻμٳ£ԶȥȻ˯оѡǹĵ׵Ŀ񱩱ת˱壬ҪУĳ嶯
ս˧ϵľ֮ɫԽԽŨô֪
(qng)ûк˵Ҳò̫Ծ˽Ҽͥҽȴûʲô⡣
û뵽ҽȻһ¾ȫ˵˳
İŵЦЦ
˼вս˧Ŀ
̹(())(())Ļвжˡ
ս˧㶣ʲôжôܣ
ǰһȫ()顣һ䡣
صǶûгԽȥûнѪҺͳѪǼ鲻ġ
ֶ(qng)ĵıӣ侲һּ˵(qng)Ҳ޷ǡ
֮ǰ֣˵ս˧()ܷ񣬱ӵ(qng)̼ˣҲǷ蹷һ˭ҧ˭ղŽŵ()ɢζ֪ԭˡ
(qng)̫ˣԭķ衣
ս˧ɫ任£ʲôڷȥôеģ
ʵҲ(qng)Ծɼû⣬ͷһˣȴ˵Ӧġ
ָָ̧ŵļ辰еһ۰ɫĻжĸԴ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~17ûеĻ22Ҹ~~


1402.1402 Ƶ

1402 Ƶ
ս˧˳ָķ򿴹ȥ軨ʱЩĪ
˵()Ķ軨ģ
ͷֻƽ˵Ӱ첻ô죬Ҳô󣬵ԭͱŭ(qng)ˣӰͺܴˡ
ÿ춼ǹɻͻḽ·ϣӶ(qng)Ӱ졣
ܹͻȻ侲ǣӦҹûйܵһ(qng)Ӱ죬֮ǰҩ()
˵ȫУս˧ҹȥһЩ(qng)û֮ǰһҹ
ҲյƷϢΪӿϣ(qng)һ¾Īƽ˺ܶ࣬ǹҪصı˻ָ侲ǡ
ûһϣ
ֶܽ𣿡ʡ
صֻҪֻ㣬ͲٶӰˣõ⡣
ս˧ʣǲǻ֮һģ⣿
Ǹٶʮ꣬뻳ˣȴòɡ
ղҪ˽ȥ˵ǲǷʲô
֮ǰվ()()ϣҲմȾֻ㣬ûһֵζÿкֶشӰ졣Ҳǵ㵽Ϊֹ
֮ǰս˧()߶ҩģʮ**λˡ
ҲǣҪս˧¶Ӱ죬Ҳֻ()߱Ƚ׽˲
ԭս˧۾ﾡΣʣҪһֱֶӰ죬Σ
Ҫûңȥ(qng)һһ챩壬˻صı⣬ὥ޵ɱ¾ȻǱɱ¾棬ͻ˾ɱ
ζļ˵Ȼһķӣûκ˼άǵķӡ
ս˧һûǵǰˣٿˣҲ˷
û취˭ɸ۲۵ɱ˷أ
һкݶȴҲȫ׽̳˵⡣
ˣս˧ˣٽŪƳ⣬ǲλֱӵڶսŵս˧ˡ
ս˧Ļɫ˺ڣе֮ɫŨңƵã
֮ǰӰ죬Ǹͣ()ʩɵκӣҲֻôǼˡ
о뽫ĥˣûȥʵǱˡ
ȥǣ޷侲ʧȥǿ


1403.1403 Ŷ

1403 Ŷ
ս˧֪()ʱȽϷ񣬵ȫǶԴˡ
Ҳһ㣬ˣڴ֮±ɸ۲۵ķӣҲ˵ùȥ
ĵһɱ壬ǹɻصĳ嶯ٴ
ֻǻٴʧȥǣ״ó룬ֱ˼롣
ǹɳ嶯˲䱻ѹȥս˧һ亹ð
ֱ룬һֱ(qng)Ǳʲôסһ
֮ǰϣ֪ȽóҽԼƣڱ򶼺
ҲûйԼл
ˣǲǾܿմȾĶأʡ
֮ѹסֻҪ㲻ֻ㣬ָܽˡ
軨ô˻߻˶УʩӰ㡣˼ԣҪôͿ벻ݾˡ
ӵͿ϶֪ǵļƻˡ
ӣǾʱ䴦ͽлڳĻʹ
ս˧˼Ŀ˿ܴ
֮ǰС
лл佱ЦЦȻĿŵ()ϣⲻȥİɡ
ղŵ(qng)ս˧˺ܶ࣬˼𾴣ҽ룡
ʵҪ𾴾Ҫʵȥ֤
߹ȥְ˰覵̧Ƥϸ˿
ͷ
ջ֣ս˧Ȳʣô
صоȣ
ս˧бһֹʣ𣿡
ܣҪһֵҩ£ŽƲС
ս˧ʣҩҪʲô㾡˵
֪ʲôǵҩȴӦʲôѷɫڸ߼ҩĶ
Ͼ߼ҩûĶѹ
ҪΪƵҩȻԼ߼ҩģҲȱһ֡
Ҫָ߼ƷʵϡҩģûС֮ǰս˧Ҫ֣жµģҲ߼ҩ
ս˧⻰˵û⣬㽫֡ģϰ()ңȥѰҡ
Լն˼ġ
ֻҪöָҲȫȥңԸ⡣
Ҳָ߼ҩĵ(qng)༭
ս˧˿һָ߼ƷʵҩģƽѼϡУԽԽŶԡ
(qng)κãô߼ҩκòŷϡ


1404.1404 ϣܴ

1404 ϣܴ
Ҫ֪ս˧뷨һ׵ԩͷ
ս˧ʣʱ𣿡
صʮҵѵľͻ죬ʱϵĳˣѹʱͻӳ١
ս˧ͷʾԼˣû͸ȥѰңǷ⼸ţȥѰң۸ʲôۡ
ʮ֮һҵģǲǿȰģҲȷܲöӻָȴĪľϣܴ
ҪĵģһΣͷ()ƣ½
覵ȷʵ(ͦͦ)أø߼ҩܽҲ˵͸߼ҩҲû취
ⷽҪߵģҩȻֻҪûоȡ
ս˧л˵ǾΪİɣ
ֻҪܹʲôҪҶᾡ㡣
ͷóһн֮Ϊơ
Сʱȡء
ս˧ûѣ֮ǰ԰ӮɫȴһЩ
һֱ覵εΡ˼£ս˧˹ȥ¶ϲɫ
ȻҽȴȽϤ̨Ǵÿ춼ᶢſܾá
֮ǰ覵ÿ춼½ȻȴΣգѾ䵽㣬ټȥɡ
꣬ϵݾͿʼ˱仯
Ȼǻص㣬˵пΣա
ﲻҪٷκ辰ˡ
ָָ軨˵ʱųˣӰ첡˵Ļָ̼ԲƣҲΪ̱ġ
ս˧˺ڣǸ˵
ܺãƽҲΣԷȫŽ뵽սźµĲҵû뵽˻㱳
ȫҪǸ
ҪĻʹһҪöԷ֪Ϊʲô졣
ҽģһᴦõģеɱ˵
ǲս˧Űͺã
Ȼóһƿҩ˹ȥԪ裬ÿιһڣڻָ()Ԫ
ãлս˧ӹҩ
͸ˣս˧͵ſڣȥš
ս˧ָŷʱʲôͻȻһ
2330~


1405.1405 ڵĿ

1405 ڵĿ
ôһ䣬ս˧ԭҪŵֶ˶٣תͷ
Цż˵֮ǰæ⣬ֵһǵŵĶʦͱȽó辰ʳ˵춾أս˧ҲԴֲ顣
˵ģǲȴս˧ľ֮󻯡
ֻҪ׷һǵţҪʹ򵥲١
Ҳܸһǵҵ鷳ս˧ıǡ⡱ġ
ս˧ۣ֮ǰΣٴλлҽѣ֪ˣ
ͷǣ
ս˧ɫŰ˳ȥ¥
͸ټ״£ս˧()һ򶼱ȽϰûôԴС
˵ҽǲа취үںʡ
ϴ˼Цݣ֪ս˧ӣҲϣ
Ҫͺˣ䣬ս˧Ͳʹͷ
ɫǰ
Ʒڿ뿪սҽԺս˧ôͽ
ԷڵĿˣ͵Լʰˡ
Ʒڸһˣŷ֮ǰСֶŮȫս˧һһ˼ƻ
̲ס̾
ƼҵĵУΪƾ侲Ǵϻۣû뵽Ҳѷɫ
ȻûҲԲֻϲĲͬûб֡
òĺӣ׵Ƽҵġ
Цлл佱
ҽôҪҪȥһҩ˾߼µҽԺϰࣿƷھֶŮһôţҽȥף̫˷ˡ
Ƽ֧ǵһҩ˾Ҳչ˲ٵҵҽԺҩ˾ȡ
ҪȥҽԺȫȥҪԺʲôġ
ƺ覣ֶŮҽǡ
ҡҡͷǲˣʱȥҽԺ
ҪȥףƷٴʡ
Цţ棡
ƷȻúܿϧǳЦУǾȥɡ
¾塣׼ȥ͵һ׹˾ǸѴкƽæչֶŮ
ã
ؼҺƷҲ֪ȥս˧Ϊơ
Ȼ⣬ȴûֻ֣һǼ覶κõĸ̾
޵ߵźͳ(i)


1406.1406 ȻǹŴʦյͽ

1406 ȻǹŴʦյͽ
һ죬һ翪͵ţֱȥ˵һ׹˾
ͣ󣬼ѰӲԶһ
ϴҪ͵ܶ࣬ȥͨ
һȻưϸȴӣ
߰ɣȥʦİ칫ңϣһŵһ˾ڵĴȥ
޽ʮָӴûƶˣһĻףȥһׯذ֮УҲǵĵر꽨֮һ
˸߽˾ͱ
Ǹʲôģ
óһµ˹ȥҵһϰ࣬ҵ
һӹ¿˿¶֮ɫǴŹ˾ʦ()ݵĻ¡
˾ʲôʱôһĻʦˣ
һϰ࣬ѵֹ˾ģ
ΪԷһҪȥ²ʵ£
ʾ⣬ţ
ն˴һ绰ȥ²õ׼ȷĻظ̬ȱ֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬µݻء
Ѿȷˣʦһơ
ڵһ׹˾о׵ˣΪ֣һֱΪʦȫܹbܻ׵ˣЩҲǹ˾
һֻǻʦܹƥԼbµܻףͳһΪʦ()Ҫʹʦ١
ľʦʦܹbĻ׺󣬹˾߾ͻὫΪʦ
֮((Ʊ))͸˺ܶ࣬ʦͳĴʦ
λ֮ôΪһʦĻʦڹ˾ܲϰˡ
ǣλŮȻǹŴʦյͽܡ
֮ǰ˵ŴʦڱһСͽܣǲϹϣһֱЩ棬ʲôܴѾܶ겻ͽܵĹŴʦ
ղżĵһйپƯãȫûŴʦͽȥ롣
ĵ˵ͷѰϣûбֳưһ棬Ҳţ߿һۡ
ֱӴ˹Ŵʦһ¥Ĺš
һ׹˾վڶ˵Ļ״ʦûа칫ңÿȴӵһ¥һȽ豸ĺ䡣
Ҳڹ˾()ݵλ
˹Ŵʦ
Žȥ񣬡Ŵʦ


1407.1407 ôȰһ棿

1407 ô(i)һ棿
Ŵʦ̬ȱȽ䵭ͷ˵ûС
ĿԱߵ()Ϻԭޱ(qng)ϣ˲¶һͰЦݣˣ
Ŵʦ̬ȣɵľѡ
Ҫ֪Ŵʦڹ˾ȻƢŹֱģΪȴȽĮٻЦ
ǵһμŴʦ˱ֳôͰһ档
ǰģǹŴʦŻߺˡ
ֻˣպߵԶ׼Ҳ㶡
ǵʦȻô(i)һ棿ô֪
϶˵ȥɣ
ǣ뿪
վ()Ϳ򿪵ĴŲԶվŵˣ֣˵Ҳ
ǣʦ˿첽˽ȥ
žͼƽĮʦŸսŵСŮ£ɫȫǹġ
Цʣǻϰ𣿡
صǺһĿһֱʵ˻ûüСͽܡ
ã(ͦͦ)ϰߵġ
׽Цż˵ʦˣ
ϵ֮ǰ̫æˣûôעʳˣ
߹վŵ˳˳ǣǲۻˣ
ʦȻ˺ʳоôô㤣
ҪǶʦѾϤˣǶҪʦǲǱˡ
˵æʦҲҪע()壬ҹ찾ҩŸ㲹
λʦ⣬׽
Цðҩζһҵţ
վŵˣϵЦݲ䣬ܵǵСʦӽ쿪ʼ˾ϰࡣ
֪ʦЦݲǶǵģŵ
֮ǰ˵ʦһ츳ܺõСʦãǻǵһμ
׵츳ǿòȴܳɫʦǰ治ɫ׽̸Ҳһġ
ʦúãЦк
ֶܸݵӣλҵͽ̺ܳף
ֽԱվŵһ԰һЩĸ̬ӣҵͽ񡣡
ЦŶ()кʦ֡ʦֺã
()ϸܵ˺棬һЩ⡣
Ц˵Ҳ
ȻԸ̺ףҸڵǸʰҪʲôǾȥ˾롣
̺ٴξ˾
Ҫ֪ΪǸ䣬ʦֺͶʦ˽һֱڽᡣ
ǰΪеһû뵽СʦһʦýһֱŴһ()ݵλǸ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~18£ȡһ()~


1408.1408 

1408 
̺׾ȹ龪ȣȴûбֳ
Цŵͷõģʦ
ֿ˵ߣԹ˾и˽⡣
ĸͽͽ()óʵģڹ˾ȽϳԵÿԲȥϤ˾
˴ȥ߶ҲȽӵı֣Щ۾ı
ЦŻصʦģһʦþ˽Ϥ˾ġ
ﻹʦǳӺϲλСʦá
˷Ը󣬹ϴ(i)˵ҸպýһĿһɡ
⻰ó˲ɵٴξ˾Сʦò˾ܸʦĿˣ
Ҫ֪ʦӵĿûһǵ͵ȼģǶ˹˾üʸ룬һβμĿֻǸſѧϰ
ʦյͽҲһȴȼˮƽˣŻμĿ
Сʦòʤʮ**ҲվԱѧѧɣܿö
ȷʵѧٶ
ʦһƫ(i)Сʦðˡ
Լ޷ʤΣð
ʦѰҪҵҾͽˣܲҲһڹ˾֪ѰĻˮƽжߣ͵ʦʲôĲڡ
ϼѰڷɴϾ֪֣
û⣬Űɣһǰְġ
˶˵ʲôҪҳǣҪ޷ľҡ
ԼұСͽڻˮƽѾܸߣƽԼȻҪϵġ
õģ˾Ҳ׼ӻûҪ
㻹ʦ֣մӶǱ߻ϢٹҲһǸĿʱٺܡ
˽Ϥ˾ΪҪ˭۸㣬˵
ڹ˾ĵλǺܸߵģ˭۸ͽܣԲŹ
±۸ȴϲֱŵĸоð˭۸ңҾ͸ʦ
ߵЩʦûжٱºˮƽȴǿĿȸ㲻ᡭ
ֶ˵һỰó˴ȥתת
ȽԱ߲ԶյĹ򿪣СʦãԺĹˣָƺưɡ
Ժֻܽ롣
ͷ߹ȥʾָ֤
˴Ѱ˽ȥȽϴ󣬳豸ȽȫĹ⣬Ϣңһĳ
ûпԳʣʦ֣﹤Լ


1409.1409 ҵ

1409 ҵ
ղŽʦĹ䣬Ҳͬһ
ЦŽͣʦæͻǳԷ߲רʹõġ
ֻ趨˳򣬵ʱͻԶȻ͸ʳá
ڹԷĻ˾вԷʱȥˢն˾ͿԼȥ򷹲ˡ
ҪǲæʱҲȥԷģζȻĺá
˵ĳúõģķȻƷֲ٣ÿζһһʱˡ
˵ЩԺˡ
ÿʦ˾Լһ㿴Ҫù˾𣿡
ʦλСʦãҲҵ
ѰһȥЩ£ָչҪģù˾һɡ
Цһȥ²Ǳȥ˵ӦþܹʲôҪ𣿱Ů֮ġ
˵ֻҪоͳɣûҪ󡣡
ã֪ˣ׼һȥ²԰ѡ׵ġ
˿䣬Ǻģŵ豸ǵһ˾Ƚģʱоˡ
һȦ䣬ЦʣСʦãȥ˾תתҴȥҪ򽻵ĸϤ£
ͷð
λʦֿԽ
˷λСʦû(ͦͦ)ദģɵ˿
Ѳưģʦ(i)˷˾˲١
ȥ²ȷ˹˾ʦѰ()նˣ°ʣµְѡ
ȥ˹˾Ϥ
Ҫȥ˲ϲӹзЩŵ֪ʦͽܣҲȻ죬ԺҪܹ򽻵ˡ
ЩŵȻܾȹʦյͽֻܲǸŮģôƯȴȽϿ
ִȥ˻ʦǣϢʱͻȥаɡ
аṩƷ͸㣬ڿ֣ʦ㱭ƷȻʲôġ
ϾƽҶһ¥ٽĹ䣬ǹ˾ṩ˽½ĵط
ҲҪǮֱˢն˾ܵˣ˻͹
аɣŵĲ˴кóԵ(ͦͦ)ġ


1410.1410 ȷ

1410 ȷ
ⲻ𣿡
մ£ſ߽ˣͷЦż˵ϰʱôŮˣܿ԰
񿴵ˣϵЦ
õĺǳ⣬˵˵ʲôʦյСʦã˾ϰ࣬ص㡣
֮ǰ˵Щ⣬Ȼû뵽СŮǹʦͽܡ
ȴû˹һζĿԭСʦð
ûƯ
()ߵĿλϣִαϣչ˾ʲôɣҪĴߣ
Ҫ棬ұ֤ڹ˾㡣нĶ˻(r)
˾ĻʦŮ()٣ҪʹҪͳúһ㣬СŮò()׵ײһ֦
ʵ˵ײǹ˾ҲòϸʤһŮˣٲɵģ˼
پȻô󵨣ͷϡ
ŭʮָ̫ˣʦÿɲЩ⡣
һǹ˾ɫߣ()ݾṴǿȹ˾һЩŮԱ
Щ۸ŮԱҲãҽ(qng)ִ
аŵ˹ٽ˹Ŵʦյͽϣٶ¶˿Ϸɫ
һЩ˶Ͷȥ˱ӣһֱǸǻʦеİࡣ
ȴûһǰֹģʵҲǲˣֻ()ݣֵϡ
Цһɨɨӣʲô£һȥ
״Щţһġ
ϴŭҪ٣۸ʦãʦһġ
()ѽҺ£
漴()ʹһѸٽס
ûٹЦеĿһǿƵĿ˵Сˣȥ棿
һ뵽ܽŴʦСͽ˯ˣͻ(r)̼ޱȡ
Ҳˣ˲ʦΪʦͽܸˡ
òҲ³˵()ݣʦڵһ׹˾֣Թһһ״ʦͽܡ
ȷҪ棿ЦЦĿû˿¶ȡ
ٴЦȻȷˣСͬˣ
ðҾ档ͷ
ԭȡһ()д귢ģ˭֪ˣ~~΢˳㣬20ôô~


1411.1411 ԭôߵ

1411 ԭôߵ
ôЭˡ
ͻȻʧȥ˼£ŴʦͽȴǸͷΪҪõֶβܽ˴ء
ò()ĺܶθڣҲ֪ɶʱܲܺθڣеСƢϲСҰèŮˡ
ЦҪȥСʶȤ
ڳĻʦҲû뵽ʦյСͽܾȻôЭˣɵЩʧ
ôҲӦ°ɣйŴʦģʲô
òЩŴʦ
£϶ȥŴʦԮȹŴʦ϶ܾˣȴˣ
ҪǱٴߣԺҪڹ˾ǾԲܵġ
Ϊܵó°ʱͻȻһҽ

飡ҽص
㶣ɴ۾ǰ
ֻٽͻȻܿȻ̧һߡ
˾ͱ߷ˡ
Ц绨߹ȥŸŶվ٣ٴһ߷֪˶ٽŲͣ¡
ֱۣӱѪڵŶӣ׵̧ͷŵĿ㣬㾹ң
޹գգۣѵ㲻˼
ǾߵĻҪ棿Ц¶ΣյĹʡ
ٴѪˣ˵˼Ůɵװɵ
е°ղžȫûл֮Ǿżߡ
ʮߣ̴Ųŵʡ
ȥȫ񰡣ôôݣôôǿоֻʮϵ߲ı
һ̫˵񣬿˵㶼ˣȻǶټ߶޷ȷ𣿡
ôϲľȻ棬вɡȻ֪Է֮ǰָʲô棬Ҳ˲Żֽѵ
һ˾ԭôߵġ
㣡һҭоȫ()۵ҴңҾԲŹġ
Ŀһ䣬ҪôŹң߳𣿴Сϵģ㣬˭ᰡ
Ӧûû湻棡Ǻܷеġ
˵겻ٷӦٴһ˹ȥ
˾ͽٴηֱֱˤԶĮ̇ϣ˼Ѫ˷˸۾ιȥˡ
״ƲƲ죬˵㱾¾Ȼҳ棬Ȥ
ȻԭλϣǰĹ֭к·ղŽѪ˲һۡ


1412.1412 ˭۸˭

1412 ˭۸˭
Ѫٶ̫ˣ˷ӦѾźȹ֭ˡ
ʲô(qng)ûзϴЦģڳ˲ɵô˸
˭û뵽(qng)
ڴҾͷҪŴʦʱȴ˹˾ǵһη(qng)
ֵҲ̫ǿ˰ɣ
ڻʦ֮ôţֻһ״ʦʦ壬()ѾﵽʦĻˮ׼ΪǾżߣֵȽϸߡ
˭û뵽ȻֵûС
˵ʲôûӦűߵģһα߷ɿ˵ûзɽ޻ıߣֻ˵ܵȼֵߡ
Ҵʱ׷׶ˣŴʦŮͽܺףѹָղôʹӦҪˣ(qng)ⷽ档
Ů˵Ļˮƽ߲ߣǶԺҪǣղſٱ߳Ƕۡ
ԼƯʦǰº͹ɵʦãȻôһ棬ɵöɵˡ
ֱЦӯӯĿʣʦ֣ǲǴˣ
˵Ŵȴһ˿˼ûС
Ż񣬸ɿһ˵ô᣿ⶼԼҪ󣬹ʲô£
ţ۸ߣʲô֮ǰǰʦ˵Ҫ۸ңȥ
ô۸ңҪʦż()˵
ڳ˳˳ǣ˭۸˭ٶ˺
Ҹʦʲô
ҲҪԭΪԼʦǸСã˭뵽ǸƤϻ
뵽ʦĳ(i)ʮ**»治ôˡ
Ҳ֪ҪôˣϾٶʦιȥˣ֪Էʦ壬᲻ôء
ʦҪҪȻȥˣȥʦҪô죬λСʦ˵Ҫʦ֪Ϊʲôġ
ϵĸһŵҧһڣøղû֣ȻԲ˶ˡ
ʦֲԵٻȥ𣿡̧ͷʡ
ڳ̲סֳ˳ǣŮ˵̫ˣȻĳԸ㡣
ѹָղûжֱ֣ýߣԭ֣Ƕ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
ɿһȿȣҲ
ûߵ˼ֻӲͷƤ߻صԭλ¡


1413.1413 һҪʦ

1413 һҪʦ
еĸ꣬ˡ
İڰ˵ǽ߰ɣ̫Ӱʳ()ˣ
ŷӦѾ֪ҪʲôԼ(qng)ˡ
һĻʦУǸڹ˾ԺߣǵһӲ硣
ٱΣȥ֪֮Ҫôܴʦ
ȴҲ治ûż߶޻֮ľͲȥ׳ˡ
Ҳûж˵ѸٵĲپҪ뿪
ߵſڣˣתһôʵôˣôϣԺٳˣҼһһΡ
ƽһ֮Уܺ
ڳȴ̲סЩ䡣
ڹ˾ĻʦУһ˸ô٣ſ
˸һͷǣ
Ȼ첽˼뿪аɡ
֭˴룬ֳ㣬ſ˵ʦҳԱˣǻȥһҪʦء
Цӯӯʦãܾе£Ժˣ˭λƯʦá
ﲻɵΪûгֵĴʦֺͶʦֵ
æվ()Ц˵Ǿͻȥɡ
˵()ӰʧаɣڳŵĻʦǲĪ˿Ȼ
˵ǲʦ
ģǿЦӦûİɡ
ʦŹŴʦҲܿͻ֪ˣ(qng)ܿͻᴫ鹫˾ġ
ǵģǿ쿴˾Ա̳˵
ĻԱ̳ȻͿһ֮˷ӡ
ԭģ۽ˣ
֪˭֮ǰ(qng)ȫ¼ȻƵŵ̳
ǼڽڽʱýкϷˡ
֪Ŵʦ֪ô
ԹŴʦƢӦûȥܴʦɡ
ȻٵĴȴŴʦͽˣҲȥ˰ɡ
ҾùܴʦȥҹŴʦ鷳()ܵ˿ɲᡣ
λʦһֱìܣԹε¼϶ɹȥ
кϷˣŴʦλͽһпܽλʦȼ
ԺԶɣǲ𣡡
вСٶһԲϾΣЩûôǿľ͸ˡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~18~~


1414.1414 ǲ

1414 ǲ
ȻгŹȥ֪Щ֪ҲνҪЧ
Ȼ˲͵ֻöԷˣ˭ǵͷ
ɫʦãҲ̫ˡ
ţϹţɣ˹˾оΣ
߽ȥº󿪿ڵо˾(ͦͦ)õģʦҿܸ˵鷳
£ʲô鷳
ǲ۸ˣû°ɣĵ
֮ǰаɷ(qng)˵һ飬ȻȵϷҵģȴ߻ȥˡ
ģŭӣдֱд
˾Ȼ۸ͽ()ϣҪֵǸ˵ͣ᲻ܵ衣
ߵĺã˶ã
վ()ܾôˣȻҶ⣬ҪȥĹ䡣
ʦȴûȰȥվ()˵ðʦȥռ
ҪǾôˣȵԷʦţǷɱһ
ǿưԵȥҳӣǽģҲ¶㡣
Ϻ̬ȣͽܾ͸ǿƣӦΪνĹȫá
˸(ƨp)ֲˣ۸ͽܣ͵ɡ
ߣ˼꣬񰺰ķ߳˹䡣
ǿʦʦãЩͷۣ(qng)ǲˡ
ͱһɣվŸʲôȥߵ˼УȻȥ¥ϰʦó
ʦѧѧӲҪӲʲôֻЭһ
滹ãƢ̫ˣܲ
ˣҪʦõֵҲӲⲻû
ʦģǣϾȥˣ
ܿ죬һ¥ڹϹϽĻʦӵĶˡ
΢㣬Ǹȥ¥ٵĹң֪һô۸ġ
ڹ˾ÿһ¥Ķ״ʦԳһϽĻʦȫܣĸӹ
ٵ(qng)г˶֪ˡ
Ա̳ԼƵ֪ʼĩˣȻҲٱκˬȴû뵽ŴʦȻҪȥԷ䡣
ȴĪľøˬˣ۸˾Ӧһسӣ֮ǰ(qng)һʵռϷ硣


1415.1415 һڵ

1415 һڵ
ʮ˺ƺ(())(())ȥ¥ϡ
ڵһ׹˾¥ڵԽߣҲڹ˾ĵλԽߡ
֪¥ԭʦĹңֻΪ֮ǰĿϷЩʧҲô档
ûеȵͱܴʦѹĳЩ߲㣬ʦ
ϲ(qng)ԽԽأʦҪȥֲ
֮ԭǲ¥Ѿܴʦռˣ˾Ĺ䰲һ㡣
ֻǻָֻ֮۷壬ϱ()Ҳвٸ߲վߣΪ˾оĶ豸״ʦûеġ
ҲҪ£ſܸ䱸Ҳһ()Ͽɡ
ҲλܴʦֲˬˣʱʱҪʦ
Ǹɫź;Ǹĺûᣬܴܴʦ˭ܺԼͽܡ
Ѱվ()󣬸һȥҲ硣
ΪһΪˣѾȫµĴ㣬Ůһ˾ֳ£Ȼʦȥһڵá
ʲôʦͽŮˣҪùˣ
ڵص¥Ҳ磬ܿڹ˾ˣе()ݵλߵĶȥŴ(r)֡
뿴ֳʲô
ͬʱҲ뿴׵˴һĸУһ㶼ܽѪεˡ
Ҫǿ̳ϵƵǾԲŵġ
Ȼ˲ò
ϴ˽ȣܴʦߵĻʦǣҲյϢ׷״ӹ
Ŵʦôˣܴʦһͽܣһӿźƺ(())(())һˣͷۣЦеӭﻹһ顣
ǸƽΪҲ˵ˣȻȥòλͽܡ
Ҫ汻ٴȥˣҲûʲôҲ磬ǵӶˣ⳥£ܷϢ衣
ٷ˼ˣֱǶ
˶˵ֲЦˣɹȴȻУ˵ٵӺܷʣȻ۸ͽ()ˣ˽Ҫȥʰ
ŴʦٱͽΣѾȥҽԺˣǽˡε˵
˾ҽҵģٶ»к(qng)˽ȥҽԺ
ȴ̫ˣҪǽ˽ȥһͶˡ


1416.1416 

1416 
ҪǽŴʦߡ
Цż˵˺ˣȥʦõǸΣ
ϵƵӿˣȻˣȴôվ
ʦѾڱŭıԵˣԭҪȥ¥ҹŴʦˣҪǽ˷Žȥֳ֪ʲô
Ŵʦǿƻع飬ǻһһºãѾˡ
ҪĻռȻҪһȥ¥֣»תڶԷжһˣǾͷû
ҲЩ̾ԼʦЩѶϣȻ¶ҪȥҹŴʦˣǾӦù㡣
Ǵˣ￴˵뷨һҪͽܵǸǾȾͽܵۡ
ҽٵĹˣ۸ͽܣΪ͹ȥˣֻ˻ӡ
⣬Ҳ֪Էĸ䣬֪
һֱͣÿμ̼䣬ҲǱȽ˽Էˡ
ָָ̧湤俿ţٵĹ
ȥˣٴε
ǣͷ׷׳Ŵ¥´ǸĴһͨҡ
ô춯ȻԭĹܴʦˡ
򿪹ţŹŴʦߣҪʲôͽܽͽܴˣһûȥˣ㵹ˡ
ŴʦͬߣޣҪ϶ͽڹ˾ǿ̣Ůӣڸ۸ͽܣͽûͲˡ
ͽʦҲǸϲݡ
̫ˣΪ㣿ܴʦˡ
ڼΪ()ԺãŴʦ˵ϲݣֱ
㲻ңѲ㣿Ŵʦ³ɺ޵Ҳˣֱٳȥ
ܴʦ״Ҳٳȥ˲佻
(qng)ǹ˾һηˡ
ǲԼʦԴ()ָ֮󣬻ǷǳӲʵġ
Ǹܴʦȴ㣬ذܡ
Ӵ˰죬ҲûнٵĹһ
оӵݿڽˣҲôˣֱ߹˹ȥ
̧ŶŴźݺһߡ
Ȼ˾ͼʮûҿĴţ˲䱻һ߱ų˳ȥ
ֻվŵ˿ˣ´θĵһ˾߲㣬Լ⼸״ʦҲˡ


1417.1417 Ҫ

1417 Ҫ
رһӢӣǱ(qng)ȫĿɿڴ
˵õСأҪҪô
Ʒһ
ôױġСáҪգɡ
һŴˣСʦŮ
ڷĿڵʦ֣ѾˣǲӦüжˣ
ŷӦʿˮСʦñȺʦ¡
ߣȥңҷԣ˾ͳ˽ȥ
ɨɨٹ豸Ĳ࣬ڹ˾Ƚϸ߶˵
Ҳһڹܴʦеλڹ˾λҲͣƷȻզأ׵츳ȴ
豸ɶΪ״ʦ׼ģǸȫʦ(i)
ˣˣͻȻڡ
ջҪȥ֣ͣ׷תͷ
˵ʵܸ߼ȥǮȻٵģǶЩ²ȥ֡
ѵʦҲôģһˣʱ򱻶Է⣿
Ŀ⿴ǰ()ˣһȻԭǹ˾ĸ߲ˣʦͣ
ȻЩʦõ磬Ҳһʱưɡ
ɿٴε⹤ȫߣ֮ǰϷ۸ңҵľܵ˺ܴˡ
Ȼż˵Щ⳥ҵľ˷ˡ
ЩȽϸ߼ֵҲǳߣһϧˣȥ¥ʹá
˵˾ĸ߲㶼ˣҪ潫⹤һǿ϶Ҫǰһƻ˾ƲͷǾͲˡ
⳥ʧѣôõɣ˭۸ء
۾ٴεɴСʦþȻҪЩȥʧѣ治Ҫ
ޣ̫ˣ
()Щ˾ĸ߲һôûпѾͷ

УôԺ˾ˣѧˡ
ҪǣҪ⳥ʧǲʹȫٵĴܴʦһܶ
һֱ͹ܴʦϵõһ߲㣬׼Ȱ˵ȴһˡ
ĸ֪У֪иҪվ첽߽䣬ȻÿռܣĶһȫ˽ȥ
ŻΪĿ񣬡ʦ֣Ƕ̫ˣԼɡ
˿Цãʦ治һĴ󵨣ǹⲻù˾ֹ߲


1418.1418 ѵ

1418 ѵ
ôѸٵĽĶˣ˭û뵽ġ
ȷӦ˾߲м˵˺ڡ
ʱҲ֪Ѿͷпռܣ򲻿ܽߡ
֮ǰҪվ߲㣬վ˳ʲôأǵһ׹˾ɲĵط
˵ЩŻȥһ
Щܸ߼ֵǣǹܴʦڵĵӣҲڲǰܹbף˾Ÿһ(to)
ҪǱѾͷˣܴʦһʧС
˿һ޹˵ûֻȡӦõõľʧ⳥
ѵ˾ǹҪţǿ̣Ů()ĻҾֻгȥˡ
ٵ(qng)˾ᴦ㲻Ķ߹ѹŻ˵
֣Ҫô˾⳥ҾʧĻҵǿԽܣ
˼һֱ׳ģɵĴָҺ͸߹ôܣţ
߹ܱˣ㲻ѾȥҽԺѵ
һȻ˵ɫô۸ҵģŵˣ
Ů㱻ȥ棬Ҳôˣŷʡ
ѾˣһǺ͹ʦһģʦʱʮ**Ų˼֣Բøӡ
㣡߹ָָ̧һ²֪Ҫ˵ʲôá
ŮȻ˴ȥˣʲôƱ
Цʲô˵˰ɣվ˵ۣԼŮͱˡ
(ͦͦ)(ͦͦ)ĵҲʦˣݲñ۸
߹ܸҪѵͻȻһӰӲԶҹ
״æ˼ſܿ
Ųſ壬ǺӰǹܴʦ֮ǰʻĻףȻصԼĴϡ
Ŵʦõļʻ߹Ȼ洫
ɫѿĶ߹˵ҵͽܱ۸ˣŵˣѵòʧ
ǿ²𣿡
һ˵ҾŻˣ˭۸ͽܾǺҹ𡣡
˵Ǹ߹һۣôҲ۸ͽܣ
Ǹ߹ܾñѣ˭۸ͽˣӦù豸
ˣǸ۸ͽܵ˵˶ˣͽõ㾫񲹳ôˣ


1419.1419 һ߳

1419 һ߳
߹ֺܷʦͽ޷ֱ̫ͨˡ
СĴ٣׹һ߱ߡ
ϵİѹܴʦĻɣڻҪű۸ͽܣø
ôᣬ˭۸˭
ŴʦͽܺٶдҪɣɫõ˵
ôʦͽóѣǶඪ
Ȼ֪ʲô˵ʲôждǸ˵Ϸ۸ͽܣͽ֣ܲѵ𣿻ŮǲǾȥˣ
Ϸû()
߲ҪˣôֳŮˣ
ŴʦܲܲҪ¹˾ᴦġ
Ͽɲھ͸һ˾Ĵ
Ű˵Ҫǽ첻һ˵Ҿʹͽȥְһ˾Ҵȥˣڶ׹˾ˡ
ڳԭϷĸ߲㣬һɴ۾ҿ(qng)鷳ˣ
ǶԹŴʦ()ƢǺ˽ģô˵Բֻв(qng)ҪǴĲ⣬ͽ۵ġ
˲ɵö߹ͶȥԹһͲģʦͽһͲǺǵģùܴʦԼȥƽ
ںˣҲˮˡ
һ͹Ŵʦϵĸ߹ЦվȰ˵Ŵʦɱ£¹˾һһġ
ǿ϶账ֵġҲǼһڹ˾ЩΪ
ϵɫ΢˻ҾͻȥǸĽ
ߣȻȥŶԴһ˵
ӹܳʦ䡢ʦ䰡
Դϴʦѹ뿪Ǻǿûٱ˴ѹụ̂ԴҲˣǴģ
Ҳӹ˳ס˵ʦˣЩ˶ǾԼ()塣
϶ͽܵĹĺãĵĶʣôӲû۰ɣ(qng)ԺˣЩƤ()ȥ˵ô죿
ޣǼ
߲˳ǣصصͽһžͽ˾ôӲĸ߼Ÿ߱ˣ˱˾Ǻõġ
ʦͽŲǵ(qng)žʹ˼ƺ(())(())뿪ˡ
ϵ̬ȺǿӲ˾һõĴǾˣ
˾ĸ߲㿴ңҿģһɫÿҪϿ쿪ᴦ
ŴӻĹܴʦɫ()˼㣬û˵߽صĽŹϣȻ֮ǰ̫ˡ
ʱһ䣬Ϣڹ˾飬Ҳ׵ڹ˾һ߳
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱףĸ¶18~~


1420.1420 Сʦû

1420 Сʦû
һ˾Ա̳ޱȵ(r)֡
һŽ߱ƵҲ¼ŵϡ
󻹷һĴЦŹŴʦ뿪ƬγһԱȡ
ӵǡСvsСá
˾ܶ˵£ȴǹ˾߲״ʦȥ(r)ֻ֣̳ϿϷ
ǰĶԱƵƬҶȫѽϵ
һСõδҲ̫ǿˡ
̫ţˣһžܽĴ߷ɣϵжǿ͵߰ɣ
ǣݲ鵽ϣλСǿռľϵߡ
ȿȣͻȻ԰ֶ()Ӱ
⻰Ӧʦ˵ɡ
ʦ()ӰԺ󿴵ȹƶŵ
ãǰûٵ۸ƯŮͬ£ߵĺã
Сõһô춯ص(qng)ǹŴʦͽܣţ
ҲһĴ󣬻ù˾߹²̨Ǿ任Ů棬аҵЦ㣬оĪеˬ
Ҳָоǰ߸ϵĳ˱Ǻ˵رˬ
Ҳǿĳ˲˳ۺܾˣСý
ԺСþżˣ߱˾Щ(())ǵĹͷ
һ˾Χ˺˵Ļ⣬ܶҲԡ
Ҳܿٻ߹ܣڹ˾ôϲ
Źϻص¥һ㹤䡣
϶Ըŵ˰ڰ֣Լȥæɡ
ǣҹɢܻظԵĹҾȥˢ̳ˡ
һԴӹ֮òѾܾûôߵˣСʦû档
ˢ̳ЩһһСá;ᡣ
СʦõһӡȷʵǸ޺СãɱǿĸĴڡ
˵˻ţȻ˺;Ķǣȴˬ泤һӡ
ңŹ¡
ʦǻһ˵𣿡Цʡ
ЦŵͷҴۣǾͱҪ
޷ǾǶ߹һֻ۱һֻۣȻһ֡
ҲǱҪģ첻ǰȥҳˡ
Ҳôģʦڵһ˾ҲǶεĻʦ˾߲Բҽ̼ȥۡ
ôʦǷǳģ״ʦɲô档


1421.1421 ȷʵܻס

1421 ȷʵܻס
ѡù϶⣬ԽľûСͽԼϲ(i)
Ժڵһ׹˾ξΣʲôҶţʦеġͽܽйɲġ
֪ʦܻ̣Ц˵ţһṼʦġ
ѣǸٶôչܵϼһ϶գֵˣǹƻ£ǴⷽҲ׼
ЦҾ͸ˣٲǳΪʦҪҲ磬Ǿٰһΰɡ
bʲôģ۾
ϵЦԼұͽܵĻˮƽģ⵹ǣͲҲá
һδһεôգ
ڹţһСʱң˾λ߹ܡ
֮ǰʦͽĸ߹û֪Ϊˣٴ˷
˺͹Ϲϵ˺˵˵Ȱס
ǹ֮ǰжϵģ˾֣ĸߵҲĬϸʧ⳥ˡ
߹ߺԹ˵ʦҹѾˣŵ棬ôҪʱʹá
Ҳûãϰ˵ҪŪһ(to)Ļ豸żҲûҪؼҡ
ǾͷðɣһһĻˮƽҲİɡ
ϴͽܵľ˾ͺãһڳһµĹרŷЩ豸ɡ
Ц()ʦã
ϴ(i)ЦʦȻҪˣ
ͽܱͲ̫ˣһ㶼ġ
ʦ˵һỰ뿪Ĺ䡣
ȥ֮ͽԼĴ˵ˡ
ȫˣʦãҪ豸óã
ǿֻеλ͵Ļ״ʦʸ䱸ģСʦҲ̫˰ɡ
ǰҹһ(to)ˣҲûá˵
񿴵óνλʦָǸɡ
һŵĹ䣬Ҵȥ豸ӡãλʦúദܴ󷽡
ĸ߼豸Ҫ׵ʱʡ٣ˮ׼Ҳкܴ
ӿռƳķŵ˹䡣
Ҳ֪£һСĿ豸϶ϲ
ĸ֪Ưٵ󷽣ﻹһָм
Сʦ̫ˣһϰΪǴôľϲ
1930


1422.1422

1422
һ˶ĵлҲϿɡ
վһᣬѰԼĹ䡣
ѰζЦ˵һпɽģã
Щ˿׺һ棬Ժ󲻸ǡ
ôӱǱһǮ(qng)Щ˸мŮ˶ĵİպǻῴಷġ
°ϵһСЦе̧ͷлл佱
˵һְҵװƯŮ˽
ʦãǺޱҪԭǿһޱ˵ҪΪʦƼԼ
ޱڹ˾ڴУǿһǰһ״ʦֻȥ˶ķֹ˾Ҳ
ʱҲ̫õö⵽ѡ˭ǽ˵ϷԼѡһ
ܿͻظˣѡޱ
Цŵͷллʦְæ
ޱżɽʣ˵˵ƼԼԭҽһϰֻ࣬ǸͨĻʦĹȫȥ״ʦ()
ޱ΢Цʵ˵Ϊ٣ܹסҵ
֮ǰϸ̳ϷŵƵǸ򵥵Ľɫеı͡
ʧЦԭ
Ҳǻ쵰ˣȻʾ䣬ȴſ϶
ޱͷţ׷ңҲίߣԭʵڲоʹְˣ˭뵽쿴㣬Ҿ͸ı뷨
ٵľҲ֪ԷޣһֱӦ˻ܵȣù϶ͻǿˡ
ֻƽܹһ׹˾˺ܴŬҲǼ˵Ľϲݹĵײ뿪
ٱ˵()ݵλͬбȽıԷһǿģ۸Ҳֻϣȴ뱻Է̣ԶѾְ
쿴Ƶ˵ҪΪһһᣬҪץסǾƼԼ
óû˵ѣǸǿŮ()
Цվ()һֻ֣ϣԽ죬Ժҵ˾Ҫ˭Ҵ߶㣬㾡˵ȷʵܻס㣡
ޱһ㶣Цݸϣлл죡
°뿪˾ʱ򣬾Ȼк͵͵ĺ׵ĵһȫ˾ˡ
һĪȥݸˣһ²ŷ֣滻ˣֻûģҪǷˣˢǰһ~1930~


1423.1423 λʦ

1423 λʦ
ڶ죬ȥҽԺΪġ
ս˧ҲҽԺ()Ȼˡ
ʣ費Ҫʱ˵˵ǰ(qng)**
֮ǰ˵ֲ˵Ĳǰ˵һЩܹ()߸ж(qng)ļʿܻһ㡣
һļжڶ()ˣҲԡ
ҡҡͷãֻͷѣûֲˣȷ˵ҩ֮ˣս˧õġ
ͨĺʶ־ָҪ˵µĻ罫ôԼ(qng)˵ˡ
֮ǰ覵ϣһȽϸ߰()竣ȴҲûʲô캦(qng)
ϲ椰ܼң̰波£ʱ䶼˳Ժϡ
ε(qng)Ҳô顣
Ľ飬ս˧ȥˣãҾ˵˵Щ¡
ҽԺֱȥ˹˾
Ϥ˾ûãޱͽԼĹ˾ϴ
Ź˾ÿ״ʦĽܣ˾Ŀǰ״ͿչĿԼȻûпѡˡ
һڿЩϣԹ˾ĿѾ״ʦ˸ϸ˽⡣
ڶ죬˾һᣬͱϽȥĹ䡣
Ĺʱų񣬻һӺһӡ
ԭûжٱ(qng)Ĺϣ¶(i)Ц֣
󷽵߹ȥ()ߣҲӭ˵ĴòҲ֪˵()ݡ
ȻϾͿʼܣָָӣʦҲһ״ʦ
ָָ˵ʦְͬһ״ʦ
ֻǶһģԹһ¥
쿴ޱռ϶λʦ־˽⡣
ʦʸˣڹ˾Ҳжʮʱ䣬ʻ㲻ѾʼӴһЩaײҲò˶þܳΪa״ʦˡ
ʦֵͱʦֺʦҪ᲻٣Ϊϵ츳ܸߣʱʦΪͽܵġ
Щڹ˾չĺܲͬһЩa׵Ĳоɹ͵bܻ׵õר
ȻֵܣҲоϵǰûʱ˶˽½ҪȡʹõĹ䡣


1424.1424 ⲻϺ

1424 ⲻϺ
֪֮͵͵ġ
Ѿǻ״ʦ豸ҲѾ˸߼ģҲǺһ
ɹλȴһֵλǶΪʦĹ䣬ʦĵӵС
˭֪ͽܣһͽ˽½õĹռˡ
Ҳ뿴λʦ֣µ̬ȡ
϶Цݣʦúã
ҲͿЦкλʦֺã
϶˵ʦò˾ͱ۸ˣԺǿɵúúõչ˻Ҫ۸Ĳǡ
˶ʱΪǲ֪λʦõһڹ˾ֳʲô(qng)ô׺Ҫǻţ
ٶˣڹ˾˭۸
Ȼôֹȴ˵׷׵ͷǣʦģǻչ˺Сʦõġ
ҲǿˣһʦλСʦòһĳ(i)
ԭ䱻ʦָ˲Сʦãﶼ̫ˬ
ʦ()ߵʱ䣬׵ļˮƽǶʸõġ
˶ԾϰҪСʦ֪˭
Դӿ̳Ƶ֮˵ʦȥΪСʦóͷҲ֮ǰ뷨ˡ
ҪλʦһԲϷҲô졭
ʦ˵չˣҲ()ΥϾôͶڲ(qng)Ҫ۸һˣǾͲͬˡ
ȻǶλСʦڻϿɣֻʦȽƫ
֪λʦ룬ȻһЦã֮ǰŻ߶ˡ
к󣬹Ҳ뵽⡣
һϷֱ𷢵˵նˣҽӵĿзһ͵aܻףҾ񽻸ɡ
ȻһῴǣʵĸҲҪָͽǶĻᡣ
ʵҲˣûĿ
ͰϸĿ˿Ŀ˶ЩҪȥa׵ˣѾ˺ܾá
ǶԼǱȽŵģڼûˣȱҪǾ顣
ʦɣǽǺܿҲܶaˡ
ֻЩΣôĿʦȻʦʦòμӣⲻϺ
ȻôģȴұֳʵʵӰš


1425.1425 λʦùȻױ

1425 λʦùȻױ
ĵļ˸ʤ
ǵĿb׳ΪʦȽӴa׵ĿǶǵͰǳ
Ҳ²⵽ˣʦ֮ԻĿǲμӣʮ**Ϊʦá
޵Ķһۣʦǵĸǰ
λʦѾȽϤˣȻʦǵΣ·Ϻȵġ
ǰҲֻĬĬϵȣȴ룬ʦϺ˻ô죿
ҪĿУλʦ̫ǿǻ˸Сã᲻ᱻ߷ɡ
λʦΪϺȵʦϺ󣬷Ŀѣÿ֡
ϾѾa׵ļȴûдһܳ
ʦΪ׼ģҪúóɫɣĺ
ƣͻȻӵһ绰
ȥһˣȿš()
ǣʦ
ߺ󣬼˼ϣر˿Ϊ档
˿ʱѾһеĺȲˡ
΢΢üλʦЩ񻰣׵ˮƽôѵõĻúúϧϸѧϰôôͿˣⲻǷ
Сʦã㶼ˣʡ
Ļԭ濴ϵĳ˷ֳעŶ
صˡ
𣿡ʡ
˿ڲ裬̧ͷö
û漰߼¼һĿȻΪʲô
ˣСʦ˵ϹĹ漰˺ܶa׵ļǶأôͿˣ
Ҳһ뷨ԭѵ⼸䣬ɺʦֵһμ棬òƲ̫á
תʣǿ𣿡
Щǹ
ʵʵ˵ֻܿһ֣
µʦλЩŰϲ˵̵Ĵʦˡ
ѵûǣ֪ԼǷȱʲôͺúõѧϰϿݲ÷¡
ʦ˵ǣ˵ͷ
ֿζ˵ʦþأ
ﻹʦֵ˼Ǿװ
ЦЦҾʦ˵(ͦͦ)Եġ
Ͷѧϰżָ˵
λʦЩŰ壬Ӧûϲ˵̣˵ǲʵӳϿҲΪá
Ҳûţһúλʦѧϰġ
˵ж֤ëַˣ̲ס˵
ϲ˵̣¶ԷǺ⣬˵̣պĲ豭
꣡豭һ¾ͱˣ˼ĵѽСˡ
˼״ӶλʦùȻױ
ԭ˵̵Ĵʦ˲ǱסһڨڨϵĲ豭ͷٿڡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1426.1426 Ū۶

1426 Ū۶
еı˷ĩϵֽ֡
һ߲֣һЦӯӯĿ˵ʱСľͿƲסȣλʦֿɱ⣡
⻰˵ĶԶɣʦʲôԺһСľͱǱˡ
˶ɵô˸Сʦúÿ£ʦ
һֱû˵İЦʣʦã㻹͵𣿡
ôô˲豭Ҳɽ豭ɷĩҪƿغǿˡ
ʲôСûסģƭأ
ЦûаҾǿռľϵܣɡ
Ȼϵߣȴ()ǿȺʤϵߡ
ȻͲøˡ
ȿȣʦ츳ɿһѵҲûܡ
ۼ֤Լʦŵţ棬Ҳ̲סʣʦãһʲôʱƲסȣ
գգۣһ㲻̫˵ʱɡ
ˣʦ˼ǣǶҲˣǾͲˡ
һϲ˵̵ﷺ࣬ǿ֢˵ܣ˵пܻᱻߡ
һֱٱʦѪƵ棬Ӳıסˡ
ҲִʦʦǰȻˣһ㶼ƽһһ˵̵ģȻʦ䡣
˼ϣ²С˵ʲôʦòˣǾͲˡ
ԼСʱңϴ¥ϻ
˼ʦɫôãԭҪʳĻȥ
ʦ˵ʱҲǡ
ѹʦôϲѵΪƢͶˣ
ȴôˣʣʦôˣ˭ǵˣ
Ҫȥĵ˵
˳˳ǣɵΪʦ˵˵ʱҪűʦ߱ͷ
϶Ƚϳ(i)Ϳݣô˵ůģǰӻͽܣͽҪΪȥǸСް
ͷŪ۶ˣλǳġϵ
ͲµǹͷǱʦˣŪʲô۶ӣ
ϻصҸղŷǵĿҲȥһ鹫˾֯һ˾ڲıԱȼоaףþͽһ顣
״ʦһ־Թ˾˵ǺģǾͬˡ


1427.1427 ǻлл

1427 ǻлл
дŲˡ
Ūһ(to)Ŀȫĸ״ʦͽɣ(yn)֡
װĻףҲҪŹ˾߲ȫ˾ʦ棬ƽĵѡѵĻס
⻰˵ɫ˱䡣
ĿȥΪ˾()ʾͲһˣҪװʦǲָܵ
üͷܴʦǹľɣϾǸѾΪa״ʦͽܣϾҪӶˡ
Ȼֻb״ʦɾ֪Щʱܴʦһֱڽ̵aף˵ܿܶˡ
ϲǸ⣬츳ĺãӻܿС
ڵļӵкüaʦͬʱҲǻĴ˾һ˾ߵĹӦ֮һ
ǼһʱȥǼa״ʦѧϰ˶ǰһ
ټϹܴʦѾa״ʦ֣ľǷƣѹʦôˡ
Ҳ֪˼ɫͬÿҲ̫Ҫˣ
Դʦ()念һͻָˣܴʦ϶ʦһѹһͷŻҪ־ѹһͷ
Ҫǻ׾Է˵һô˵ʦͽܴܲʦʦҲŶԷ⡣
ʦ˾ȷ𣿡ʡ
ϵͷȷˣһ֮;о
ʲôô죡輸˶˾
aô򵥵(qng)˵һ£ǸǰҲûհ
ͻصҪͻ£ҲǱü봴µԪأܼܺ򵥣úдС
ɴôеİǿaףһµʱôܹ˼ĳԪء
üͷҲ壬һʱôǲ˵ܴʦ׼ˣ
ܴʦͽܺ٣Ҳһ֮ھƳͻ
ϳ˵ĵط
Ȼͷ״ʦˣŹⷢѵġ
ȥҪΪ˰ٱĲ硣
ǰ(qng)һߣû£׾Ҳ϶ᱻҪǲӾˡ
ЩҲ֪()񣬾ҲӦ¡
ʶôգЦŹϰʦαغЩǽŸǴǻллء
˶ɴ۾һ˼ģʦòֵֻǿ˵ĿҲһĴ󰡣
жžͣſһûעʱ䣬д£Ҽȥдʣµ21Ҽ~~˼֢̫ˣÿ춼Ҫ־ڶһ()д귢ÿ춼̲סīҷˣ~~


1428.1428 Ǿлл

1428 Ǿлл
˶()ӵ£ܻ˽жǿ
ʦãԷѾһܹaܻп׼ãָѾ˷ǿ
Բа
ǻ׾Ҫǻֵȶʦ׵Ӯ
֪ǵ˼ô
ȴ֪ԼСͽܵ츳ʣжٰգ
ʮɣԼʦǰҲǫ飬ʵʵ˵
ԭתЦҪллǴ򡣡
׾˾ĸ߲Ѿͨˣڿʼʱ䣬Ǻúõ׼ɡ
Ŀɨɨ˵εĿǴ֣ʲôⶼҡ
⻰˶㶣һŵģ
ʦǿЦİɣʦȫȨʦǲͷˣ
ʦֵȷʵǿڻרҵϣǸо鰡
̲ס˵ʦҪa׵Ĺ˾Ҫ˵ĻǾᱻܴʦһѹһͷˡ
ϰһۣϻ⻹ң
ʦòȫȨ𣿡ԥ£ʡ
ϾԼ⼸ͽ۽绹ȫȨһԽԽȥˡ
¾ôˣİ塣
ҪӮ׾ܿСͽܡ
ȻҪҲûʲô͵ͽܶˡ
ֻǶ츳Ƿǳŵġ
ǰҶḨǵģʡĵʱȡ
˾ʦʦõ**ҩ˭ϺȻһء
ȴ˵Ҫߡ
ǣֻܲ(qng)ԸĴӦ
ˣǶϣúõûʲôµӣþȥܡַԸ
ͽУĻü˴֡
ǣ˻˵ʲô
򷢳ʦãһ£࿴ϣҪǲĻﻹв١
ʦòָϣֻϣ࿴ϲѧϰʱҪװָֻţǾллˣ
Ȼû˵Ҳ˼
ЦЦĿʦǲҵ
ǴЦӣĪľǸɷĩĲ豭ڨڨЦЦûУô᲻ʦõҾ࿴ϡ
ҪʦҲָϣȻˡ


1429.1429 ģ

1429 ģ
ص䣬ϷѰնˣ˳Լޱһݡ
Ѱʣʲô𣿡
Ѱɨɨնϵϣ̫ˣûսûȤ
ޱ̧ͷѰһۣܰʦ֮Ĺϵ
aĻ׾Ȼ˵̫ˣģ̫Դˣ
֪˿Цȷʵ(ͦͦ)ûʲôսģҽˣȻҪãܶʦ
ѰֽҪŪaף
һۣ̫ˣûaס
ӴϢһģôҪӴaϤ²С
˾أһµʱŪaףǸߵˣȴ׳⣬ʱԷͷ̫ʢҲá
Ͼȫ׼ֻطûȥѧģ
ɡѰٴαֳԼûȤ
aƷʵĻףͲмˡ
°˵ȻȥףȴԽ׵ԪһЩ룬ⷽ֡
Ѱü㿪ʲôЦܻô׵Ԫأܳܵˣ
ֻһЩԪذֲǹġ
粵ҾڵҲƣb֡
bױͲƣдʧƷˣaҲǰܱʣֻsĲǿƵģ۹⻹(ͦͦ)ϬѰǰû˵û뵽Լˡ
ЦǣҼȻѡףȻҪα˷ʱ䡣
Ѱ΢˼ȤҪôԪأ
ֻһ뷨ȷҪ룬ƻص
УļƻۡѰͷ
ޱ˵̸һƽĵ
֪׵죿оܲ˼顣
Ҳװ((Ʊ))İ
ںޱʱԸޱ㣬鷳ռ¹˾׷ļ¼ϣеaͺź͹ܵϣҲҪһݡ
ޱЦŵͷãȥ죡
ȺޱߺѰζĿʣղ˵ûбܿͲǱ()ϸ
νЦЦ°()ϸ
˲˲ãǵ̸Ҫй¶ȥԺҲлõҵ


1430.1430 ȫ쿪

1430 ȫ쿪
ǱȽԼ۹ġ
ʵһֱҪһȽϺףйϾ(qng)Ҫȥ
ֻ֮ǰûҵʵѡԺޱǱȽģǹ۲ҳ϶ȺͿɿ()ˡ
ûĻ׼ú
ѰţҲû˵ʲôɣ
ʱ䣬ڿǽ׵һЩԪأںϵܻĿ()׼ȷٸλʦ֡
һܹȥ󣬼һֱûнǻʲôģﶼɵ̾ʦùȻףǶ֪Ҫô֯Ŀɣ
ֻȥĹҡ
ڼֻ׵ں֮ݣ˽ͣ±Ц˵λʦ
𣿡
˷׷׿
һһţ˵õʦ(qng)أҲ̫ˡ
˭ǴʦأҲֻӲͷƤϡ
ʦãǽʣԻ׾ʲô뷨𣿡˰ɡ
׼ˣѾһһ޶Ĵⷽˡ
ȻϣԼݵȵݸˣǿ
ӹȥҲչ
ȫһ((Ʊ))ʲôݣڻʲôԪأȴʲô
ͰܿһЩ
˶Щ⣬ôӵݣɲһʦģѵʦǲ֪Ļ
ɻʣʦãҪûпĻ뽫һԪؼںϵaܻɣ
⴮ʲôԪأҴûָűʡ
Цʵ˵׼ϵһЩԪأ뵽Ҫдܻϣݡ
ݣжϽǿеģҲ׼ȥ
ȫɵˣҪջظղĻ
ʦʲôȫصľ쿪Ȼһ޶Ϊֹǵһôɵˡ
֮ǰòҲǶûгɹҵﻹȡЦˡ
ɿȼʦãȻ뷨ܺãҲ⣬ȴʺǰ
ȣa׶ǷȱָѶʵսˡ
ΣҲû׵巽ôܽԪȥأ
ʦõֵ壬ԺȰ˵ʦ쿪ʵʵ뷨Ϳˡ


1431.1431 ʦ̫

1431 ʦ̫
Ҳˣ׷׸Ȱ˵
ǰʦ뷨ĺܺã㣬Ŀǰ׶ȴʺǣԺлоɡ
ֻһ²ʱˣʦ˵Ѷ̫ˣҪаϣǻԡ
԰ʦãҪǻɡ
˵Ķʮί񣬻˵˺ܶӭ
Ц⼸λʦֺԼ
ȼ˵꣬Ц˵λʦֶ˵ˣܺá㡢Ҳ⣬Ϊʲôأ
֮ǰ˵⣬ʵԽİ
ôЩͷۣλʦúҪôɡ
صѡǻ첻aףҿ԰
Σû׵ϣа
ֵ̯̯ˣҲܺãûиõⷽôˡ
Լһӣղ(())ΪʲôҪ˵ⷽúˣ
ʦĺôaףϻ׵ϣǲ̫ţİɣ
һ̲סأʦãʵ˵ɣʵ֣ǰҲҳԹɶʧˡ
ǻǸʵ(qng)ƶһɿķɡ
ȴͬʧˣɲʧܣλʦ־̫ˣǵ˼άӦԭеĻϣӦö࿪ؿء
Ҫץˣô˵ͨأ(qng)⻹ǵˡ
ʦã̫쿪ˣʵֵĿ()Ϊ㣬ҷԣ̲סһӡ
Ҳڻ׾ʱΪЦ׷׵ͷҲԣ
̫ˣǻᱻǰ׼Щ
ʵûǣһҲɡ
ǸŶӵľҿʦķϣҲὫ߳ȥ
ǼȻԼǾֵɣȽĿչ˵
֮ʵж֤УǹƲ˵Լ
Ҳӣԭĸ߼Ͻ˲ķѣһѷ˵ϡ
Цϴ˵ˣĿҪˣǵķЧôԡ
ĿɿڴĿŵķѵĽ̲סʿˮһ󷢺ôʦ̫ˡ
ǴʱޱȵǵʦĿȥǻ᲻ȱʦ
ȿȣҪʦһˣֲģ
ЦЦðʦҲͬġ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~17ûеĻ22~


1432.1432 ǹȻǼ

1432 ǹȻǼ
ͬ⣬˻£ΪԼˡ
ʦþôЭˣǲе죿
ܿ췴ӦЦ˵ھȥʦǱʰɡ
еıӳУھȥɣȷҲоķ
ʲôʦôţΪʦ˳˼
ǲʦͬ⡣
ô˵ʦԸ⣬øϿȥˣвô죿
Ǽȥ˹ϵĹ䣬ȷ˸Ϣкˡ
Ǵ򿪵ģɳϣ˽¡
ݹĲ裬ڵ˵оȷ·
ǲоģˡ
Ȼʹʹ˼ϡ
֪˻סǵʦҪСʦ·ĸַ
ԭɫĹ˲˺ʲô˼ʦõ
СͽܼȻ˷ǿ϶аյġ
ˣʦԭͷˣǹȻǼġ
һε˵ʦǶСʦõһûУᰡǷȫΪСʦõķʵУһҪϡ
ô˵ɫ΢õ㣬ĸȻô»㿿ס
ǿʣʲô
ԼĽӹ˹ȥ͵׼һЩԪ뵽ҪͻѾӶ෽ȫǿеġ
㶣ȻҲ⣬ȴûǼͽһò˼ߴС֡
ӹıϸ˿
֮ǰѰǱ(to)˲׵췽͹̵ȣҲ͹Ͻ
ֻû˵Ѱģֻ˵ӵһǵǱѶʱõģ˼ס
ʦѰ()̫ˣһﻹΣգ±¶()ݺʦ
˶bҲ˽⡣
һ߿һԼ
ʦôݵģ˶(qng)ķչĲһ
ԼСʱ󣬹ֹͣݣĶԱ£ֵ𣬵
ݽȷʵУ֮ǰҲͼںһȴʧˣоԺĴʦ


1433.1433 Ҫʧأ

1433 Ҫʧأ
֮ǰռҷն
˳˵ʱݽҲǿеģڶεںУȴų⣬ÿζԻױը޷ʹøա
ʵо˲꣬Ҳ˺ܶྫʧˡ
㿴ٸңķûаա
ǱȽ츳ģҲͽ·Խ
ʦ⻰˶һʦʦȻ֪ô˵ʦ÷
оԺĴʦʧˣôܻɹ
ͷϸĿʦն﷢İ
ֽһ飬˼׹ͼ
ʦǵʧΪ̫ˣҪľ󲿷()ܶ뵽ܻܻ޷ôǿȣһδʧܡ
ܻʹ׵ĲϲſܽĻǺһҲûʲôˡ
͵ЦȷʵԭںϺѽˡ
СͽôͿ⣬׵츳ǿ١
ָָԼĻ׹ͼ˵ʦҺǵķȷʵͬģֻһЩ׵()ܣںϲѡ
Ǽ˹ǿȣͻᵼܵĲϳܲס
ϸо˾aײϣ()ʵܲӹǿȻԣӷȵĻͻƻϱ()ԪأŻʧܡ
˶˵Ҫֻ׵ĳЩԪأص()ͻơ
ķ˼˵ĺеҪǲȫںϣֻںһԣҲܳɹ
ǵģںϵĽָݣԹ˾ܹṩ˸ַȷɹļʺܴ󡣡֪ʦܸĽࡣ
ЦʣԼмɰգ
߳ϡԼӻǷǳŵġ
ӵһŴӣ̺ܸ⣬ӵл֪꣬
Ϻ˿ڲ裬ֳ˼Ƭ̵УǾͰȥɡ
ԭΪʦᷴʦ÷˶סˣʲô˼ʦȻͬˣ
ǰɣȻʦ˵ȥȷʵ(ͦͦ)еģҲװ
ʦҪʧأǿһµʱ䶼ûˣûʦ񣬶Լ̲סˡ


1434.1434 껹

1434 껹
˶һֱͷʵĻ롣
ЦһǣʣµĶʮʱиõƻܹȷһܹʤͷͽܵͻ𣿡
һſЦܣ
ֻһͷҪǶʱ䣬ϣʮĻûϷ
ϵǲͳˣǲܹӮͻףΪʲôʦõķأ˵ͳˣ
ĳ˵Ҳûʲôľʹˣܱÿ϶ȴ˿ȥı䳢ǿ
ǲҪӮ̫ˣǵĵʧ̫أӰ챾ĵġ
ͼʶҲϣܹҪҲῴ۵ġǿ
Сͽ˵߳ɵİգŵģͽ̬ܵȡ
ʧҲûʲôҲһδ󵨵ĳԣҲа
ʦĻϸϸƷƷҲ(ͦͦ)еġ
ѵһֱbʦ۷壬ΪҴȥ
ʦ˵ǣ֮ǰǶţǼ⣬ԸʦԡûɹҲã֮ǰķʮ**ҲҪġ
׿Ӯűȥԡ
ʧܲ£µǲҳԾʧˡ
͵ų亹֮ǰȷʵԽԽעصʧģʧȥ˸ʱԻֿ(i)ͺηʧܡ
лʦã۳ɹε(qng)
˶ЩĪ쵰껹졣
ʦ˵ҲȷʵеҲע䣬ǲȥ԰ɡ
ʦôھôڰɣֻˣȻô죿
ǾͰʦÿǵķ԰ɡҲı
()϶ɨɨѹֶʦСɳɾҲǸߵģ׿츳⣬()Ҳߡ
λʦȻЩسɣʤýȥ˵ģʦҲȽױû߻¡
ҲȽοȻϣͽܻ(i)ģ֮ʲôڿá
ĿȫѿˣںϷ棬֪ĻûࡣϺܸͽܹʤ
ͷʦģһѿغõġ
Ȼʦϲô죬ȴǶḻԺܶʱ϶ҪʦָǡЦӯӯ˵
ã


1435.1435 ǲȷĴ򿪷ʽ

1435 ǲȷĴ򿪷ʽ
˳˹ϵĹҡ
ԼϷˣʦ֣ǻȥȽЩ죬һŪ׹⣬Ҳܸ˽ˡ
ǰ棬˶׷ױʾͬȻͬĿչǿ϶úúȥоϡ
仰ˣʦǿЦİɣŪ׹⣬û
жɹŪǻ˽ģǹ˾ҲֻŪ˼оֻ(yn)ʦо(yn)ء
ܹŪһ׾ţˣȻ˵Ūܲ⣬ʦõĿԽԽˡ
˼ʦãǿһúоϡ
ǰûʵһʦ㲻̫((co)co)ˡ
˾Ҳ˵˵ΪԷʱŪ²̨ǾΪ̨ס
λԼʦ֣Ҫ˵滰û
ˣʱŪǿˡ
ȥоɣڰ֡
˿ʦҪӲ֮һ˾ͱ
ص䣬ѰԼϺͷ
û뵽Ȼֱ׵һЩ衣Ѱ̧ͷζ˵
棬Цʼ磬û취˭츳ôأġ
Ѱòܺúõˡ
ȥŪɡ°Ц˵
ѰüδǱ֮ǰѹ˲𣿻ҪȥŪ
ֱ׳˵ǲһǵսˣ׶أó˷ѡ
b׶˵ȴΪǲȷĴ򿪷ʽ
Ѱ˳ǣŮ̫ˡ
᲻δó⣬ǱΪˡ
ҲþҪóߺߡ
ЦʣͲΪˣ֤漣ˣ
ѰվˣȴǺҪôΪ漣
ҧгݵ˵˼𣿡
Ҿú˼˭ءգգۣ˵㲻ҲߵһǵͲϣһ죬Ūܻѹ𣿡
Ȼһ()ôȱʲôͺơ
ѰһҪܣ
ܰɣҪǶҲ⡣˵Ūa׾͸ˡ
Ҫ֮ǰµѰ()ģһ϶ܸ㵽aס


1436.1436 㲻֪ݣ

1436 㲻֪()ݣ
ѰŮ˾ϲ˳Ÿ
ȸŪb˳ɹ̸ġ
˶˵aףҲڲaܻ
ɵأĿòaס
һﷴӦô죬Ҳǿ󣬷ԺҲܺƣļԲ(r)
У;Ūb
ʣһûмʹûأ˵Ļʲôȼģaף
Ѱ㣡
Ű()()뿪ˣԻҪȥŪbס
뿪ıӰãеЦӦϿһĻ׾Գaʮ**sס
Ҫлܲһ̨sף쳬ܻ׿϶вСİýһƤӵһʱ䡣
ߵѰĪĴ˸Ǳ˵һ
ȥҽԺΪƣεģѾָˮƽȻδҲսҽԺҽǾˡ
꣬ս˧ģͻȻӵһƵ绰
΢΢£Ȼ
һ̫̫ͶӰ
ֵ̫̫һ̣ս˧״ȻǳԾ
üҲս˧ͬЩôһ
ûʲôȤҪĶѾˣ𣿡
۾һãЧʡ
֮ǰЩ̣ҪǾܻҪһʱƳ¯
ĶˮƽԼ
üͷҷһַ㣬ɡ
ã
˵꣬üͽ绰Ҷˡ
ͷͼս˧е⣬˼һʣս˧ʶ
ս˧Ȼʶ졣
λƢرŹ⣬Լֱˡ
̽ʣ֪ʲô()𣿡
²⵽һĶʦȴ֪ʲô()ݣһġ
ս˧ĪĿЦʣ㲻֪()ݣҿǺ(ͦͦ)İ
Ǹλ绰Ҫʲôѵá
ҡҡͷ֮ǰ̽Ե(qng)Ա˴˼䲢֪Է()ݡ
ӦҶһƵҩĵ¯ӦѾˡ
õ¯֮ҲΪƵҩˡǿ
һ̵棬ս˧ʵ֪Է()ݡ
ŷͻȻͣˣ绰˵ޣ~


1437.1437 

1437 ()
ս˧û뵽֮ǰ˵Ҫһֱû֣ԭҪҴʦ쵤¯
Ҵʦ̬ȻҲ(r)(qng)ȴ͸żֿء
֮ӵĲҪǵǵڶ˾ĴߣҲǺܳĶʦǰѾﵽsˣд˵ҲѾssˮƽˡ
̵()ٴЩԾȻǵڶ˾Ĵʼ˰
ʱǲǱȽòʡ
ڵĽò˵ҩϵĻָҪҲܴ򿪾͸ˡ
ս˧ЦŵҴʦΪǵһŮ϶ƯȻûмҲһ˵ˡ
ֻǺ֪ΪʲôͻȻ˥Ȼ˵ڶ˾Ҳٳڴǰ
벹ҲΪ(qng)˰ɡ
λƢܹŹ֣Ҳʡ̫̫ǰ˼ɻ䡣
㶣(qng)ˣ
ǰһ˾Ĵʼ(i)ˣ˾Ҳܴ
ֻǺԷˣ˽Ů֪嵽һ˾ȥ˴һܣ(qng)ִȻ顣
ʱ»(ͦͦ)䶯ģҶ˵һ˾Ķ³ϱˣűѵġ
Ҳ˵Ҵʦ˲űѵġ
˿϶ŭҴʦ(qng)ڶ˾֮רź͵һ˾Ÿɡ
˶ٵ˵硣Σֻ֪
Եһ˾ûкøУô˵Ǹܾ͸ˡ
Ǹ̫ˣ̽˾ŸɣҾøɵƯóǸܼǿˡ
һ˾ҷкܴв˵ĵ˾ѣһҪ̵ջָԺȥǸǰü
ս˧ʧЦҲɣ
()Ǹ(i)޵ĺˣԳһ򶼲̫ϲ
ȥõ¯ˣõҩһ͹ٷõġ
֮ǰս˧ЩҩѾȫ뽻ˡ
ս˧ĵҲãҽˣ
뿪ҽԺ󣬿ųȥ̷ĵַ
ǳǽһׯ԰ɭ֣ȥĸо
ſڣׯ԰ĴԶ򿪣˽ȥ
֮ǰڷɴϸ̵ĸ˳ָ֣һطͣó
ѾȺҽɡЦݣ̬ȱȽ(r)(qng)
ͷã
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~ĸ18ûо20Ұɣһ޷ȥҲŷһС컹ȥ(ͦͦ)Զģ~~


1438.1438 õ

1438 õ
ŸߵԱߣһĴ()ϣƼҵĴ̨ơ
һת۾͵һȥ˽ʸеĽǰ
˾棬ҽ룡
߽˽˶¥Ŀ
Ժ˸⣬ûмĻˣԺ԰һ¥µĶǱȽϸ߼Ļˡ
߽ͼһʴϣԱߵɳҲƵĲʺƣһֱС
ü¶һЦݣˣ
̣ߵɳ£Ӳĸо
ʹֲӺɳ⣬ϾԷ֮ǰһֱܻĥֱĲܹһЩ()(r)С
װ޷񿴣Ժӵһ(qng)()ӣǡ
üûж»ҳʲôģӿռ䴢Ʒóһµĵ¯ݸ
㿴𣿡
ӹ¯ϸ˿ǴϸϣƷ涼ǰĵ¯ܶࡣ
ǿҾúܺã¯صģԵԲ֪ʵ˵
üͷУһ¯԰ɣеĻ¶һ
Ѿ״̬ȽϺʱƷٶһ
ãھԣ
Ҫһر𣿡
ãҪ˲˾ôҲѧġ
sĵ¯ֱԴʯΪ(r)ԴþƻĴСͿԲڻܽʡٵľ
Դ¶ȣʵĶȣȻҩһ˽ȥ
þһߵ¶ȣһ߿
ⵤ¯ĳǳã¶Ҳܺ뵽ҩҲΪֹõġ
ˣܹƸ߼ĵҩⵤ¯ȫԳܵġ
ԼСʱңһҩ翪һĵ¯Ө׵ĵҩ˳ƿװ
ûݸụ̈ǻҲǻ㼡˼ûյ֮ջᱻһĻѣָûлǰģ
֮󼡷ȴǻһЩϸ覴õȣÿһֻͿԽˡ
üӹƿסã
¯ô𣿡ʡ
Цܺãùõĵ¯涼ܷҵҪллˣ
ǵĶʦһ־֪ˮƽжˡ


1439.1439 ɹ

1439 ɹ
⣬üҲͷ
еĴżּȵʣʲôʱƻյأ
ЦھͿԣֻǻյ߼٣ʱ
Ǿ鷳ˣüվ()ȥţ
ãƺúҺ㣡ҪһγƸ߼ҩһ״̬á
ü뿪վϣ͸ӿŴ⣬нƿҩ
긾վڲԶվţǰš
ӻ𣿡üͻȻڡ
긾㶣ŻصżֻҶûᡣ
ԭƽˣϹȽͷԣ˵һ˾һС߹ܡ
ɫ˥Ϲͳ죬ǿк飬Сչ˳(i)ĶҲߣǸ˵Ļ
ȢؼҺҲı׽ǸŮˣû¡
㹤׬ѣǸŮȴĴڰ¶һֱһݹͶһݣˡ
÷ʱ˷ˣű´()߷̡
Ǵӱǰ£öӼװס
ͶģԾܾˣȻԷ񲢲ġ
üЦһ(())ĺӣȻʲôõġ
˷ģҿ϶ǹƻġ긾˼ᶨ˵
Ƿ˾ȵģԲΪ˱ѡ
ü΢΢ף֪ͺã
ܲµǶԸӱ˭ĹȴӦʡöĵԼ
СʱڳɹƳһ¯յ
ֵҩȽϸ߼ִδƹԵһ¯ʧˡ
ܿҵ˲ʧܵԭ򣬵ڶ¯ȻƵıȽóɹˡ
()˶ЩĲ߹ȥš
üһֱվ棬Ŵ򿪿˹ɹˣ
Цŵͷɹˣ
ü¶˿Ц⣬ɹ˾ͺã
ΪĿ(Ѩxu)õҩЧáΪƳ˸߼ҩ(qng)ܲ
üҲȽڴã
ǴȥԼķ䣬װΪһֺıС
ԭ˵䣬̣ڲʱ
ü£ΪԷʩ뿪(Ѩxu)ëȫ򿪣յҩ
ƵĻյ˹ȥ̣ŵҩһΣʮһָܻ֮꣬ˡ


1440.1440 ֻҪһͺ

1440 ֻҪһͺ
ȻǸ߼ҩȴҲܷһȥָģҪ()굤ҩһĸָŲк֢
˵ס
üͷã
Ҫȥ˲ָգžòףôʱˣʮһѣȵ
ҩʣʲôҪע߼ɿڵ𣿡
˵ñõ(qng)ҲҪƱ걯۵(qng)ָûá
üʧЦ˵Ҳ򵥣˵ҲѣҾɡ
Ҿ͵̵ĺϢˣЦ˵
üϵЦлл㣡
ҵ()ս˧Ӧú˵˰ɡĵʡ
ԾЦŻصţҲû뵽ǵڶ˾ĴߣֻµһĶʦ
ҩˣ¯֮ǰ˵Ǳꡣ
üһתҪҶʮһúܴﵽ˵ЧֻҪңֻԼϣҲȡѡ
Ҫæ֮꣬Ŷӣɲʲô()ݣ˭ǿҲûԳΪ˴ˡ
֪Ǹ٣˵ǲҪʲô漴˼һת̣ܻܲһ
ǻæָδڶ츳Ƚǿڵˮƽֻa
⿿ԼΪs̫ˣҪķѲʱ䣬ҪλҴʦܹæָһȻ°빦
üЩĿδˣ
ţˣͷ
ü˵ҲȫӦ㣬ȴԸһλᡣ
֮ҿԼһ棬Ļҿָ
⣬Ҳû˵ԭ򡣡ʵ˵
Ҫǻְæһھܾ
Ҳǿķϲͬȼһ棬˳۵Ļ϶ίԼȥָ㡣
ǵȻֻҪ̸һͺãԼҷǺŵġ
ս˧Ǳ˵̵()ݺ󣬾ն˲˲Ķϡ
Ҳ֪δչһͽܣ˵ϲָ˵()ӣܹͬᣬѾˡ
üӡԽԽãҪҪһ
ѾҪȥԵҩĳ嶯Ц˵ָ̻֮ҳԷɡ
üЦһСѾͷģãʲôһ绰ϵġ
2130


1441.1441 ļٵģ

1441 ļٵģ
ûжයֱӸ뿪ׯ԰
ߺüͶҪչأù˾ĸ߲֮ڶȻŵҩһȥ
صҺ͸һȻط˯һ
оָֻѵ״̬ó¯ʼ
覲(qng)ĵҩҲһָ߼ĵҩ
ǴʧܣѾҵһЩϣԼԺﲻϵݣҲʹȻʱ䳤㣬һξƳɹˡ
ҩװƿȥϴ˸裬»ȥ˯
ڶûȥ׹˾ȥսҽԺ
׹˾ֻҪǻʦô򿨣ٵʲôĶܣҪñְ(ͦͦ)ɵġ
ҽԺʱս˧պΪ覲()ϡ
ɷϣλս˧ȻΪӣȴǸ(i)ӵĺðְ֡
ҽˣս˧ϵӸ()Цк
Цŵս˧ҩѾƺˣͿٷá
ս˧һϲ̫ˣ
Ҫôãæ˵
ȳȥΪʩͿԷˡ
ս˧ֺ͸ٰڰ֣ǳȥɡ
˹ĵͷǣ
²(yn)й¶ȥ֪ս˧档
û֮ǰСĵΪá
ǣѾ֪֮ǰս˧³Ȼұѡ
ֻʣս˧߹ȥΪġ
Ƭ̺ϢѰ˹
ΪֻҪԣս˧Ҳû˵ʲô
ʲôҩƳˣѰյϢġ
ͷ԰֤漣
ֻչ¶֮ѰʵʵĴ()ߡ
Ѱü˼ǣƵĵҩپˣ
ŵЦ˵ǵȻ
úѰȻ֮ȴܾЩţϾ()Ҳһҽ覵()(qng)ǳ˽⡣
صһСʱҾ
ô죿ļٵģѰŰɡ
ս˧ʱҲЩš
ҽӵ(qng)ʮֶ϶˵ȻָĿ()Ϊ㡣
Ժֲˣֻǲһжϻ᲻
Ҳϣȫ()ϡ
жĻˣڷõҩһСʱ


1442.1442 ô

1442 ô
ѰİŰɡ
Ц˵ҪǴô
ҪһСʱӮˣûӮˡ
ѰٴüҪˣҪʲô
ĻóҹĦ¡Це˵
Ѱ˳ǣ֪ŮҪԼ
ҪӮأʡ
ЦӯӯĵҽҵĻ׸Ħ
Ѱ˸ۣƻ˭ϡĦˣҲ⣬һء
Ļ֮ǰ͵aܻףһ㶼ۡ
ҪûгԹʳҲƵ㵤ҩԳԣĻ׺ܸȤ
ѰûԹʳһ¾Ķˣνĵҩǰûȸ߼ƷʵҩЧã
ʮֺġ
λɾûˣҪˣһνģߴ١
Ѱʳ͵ҩĺռϷ磬Ȼ֪ŮڼԼҧҧ˵ɽ
ֻܹĦ֮ܲġǿ滵ˡ
ü۴ЦǾô˵ˣ
һԿȫ̵ս˧˵棬ܲѹģĺ
Ҳˣǵúúýѵһٲɡ
ǲǴлһСʱҾأ
˿ʱ䣬߹ȥ()ϵˡ
ȻóһƿһӨɢŲľĵҩι¡
ս˧ѰϵĶ
ˣһСʱҾ֪ˣιҩ˻
ѰչǸҩһų
ǹɵҩζ;治ʲôƷ
Ŀ˵ΪⵤҩǴײأ
Բͬ(qng)òͬĵҩٵ(qng)һžˣҲֻһš
ѰЩʧ˵Ӧȸҿġ
ҲαءƲƲ졣
Ѱһҭߣ
겻ߵԶµſ
ս˧λţһ㶼Ǹ
̽Ŀ˿ѰԷ̧ͷĻһۣʱζ¡
̽ˣһ˫sľ˻ȥһССôܡ
λѰ()ݺܲ򵥰
츳ȥѱ˵á


1443.1443 Ѳ·

1443 Ѳ·
Ѱ̬ȣϰˡ
Ҳһߣս˧
žʹ˵һ˾(qng)
ս˧һ˾Ĵ𣿡Ǻʡ
ս˧ȻǣŶӻ᲻ǻصǰsĶʦ˵пܳΪss
ֻ˵ˣһѾûΪ˶ˣĿǰˮƽδ֪
Щȣһ˼Զ((co)co)صһ˾񣿡
Ҳǰɡս˧˵Ŀǰһ˾Ķڹܣڴ
ʱ±Ƚ϶רСżֲϲ
ƲƲ죬ǸǺģһ˵һ˾СĶӣá
ҪĻ˵й¶˳ȥǿ϶Ҫܵ
ս˧֪()ݣҲûȰ˵ƼҼŮƷǸ˵ŮȥЩҲΪС¾Ͷ
Ҳͷ(ͦͦ)ģȻԷһпԵģͺȢŵҲ־ˣ˽ǲʵ
ҪǼӹȥпܱڶ˾Խġ̾
ڵڶ˾Ѿ˳ϵơ
ͷǿ϶ġ
ָ̻òĽᣬƾͻʽʼˡ
²Էڶ˾Ŀֽ꣬һ˾ˡ
Ҳͬѡ񣬾ԼҪҲܱкСĶӡ
ǸеĶˮƽҴʦȣ˭ʤһʡ
ս˧Ц˵Ҵʦʤһ
ҲСϢǸͷܲҴʦˬѵġ䡣
м˵ҪΪԼĲкͱҽڡ
(i)ʱôܵ˼ұǿأ
Ҳҵᱻ˽꣬СһֱæԴףԹ˾и˲٣ٺ߶ս˧ͷĶӡ
֮ǰһֱ͵һ˾ԴǸСλ֮󣬾ͲĲˣս뿪һ˾Ͳһ
ҲѾ׼Կܲܺ͵ڶ˾
˿λҴʦϵҲܰæǣǣߡ
ԵЦʣԴף
ǰ׷̼ҵһŮƼҵҲ׷֮ǰΪ˽Թ
ż̵ַЦЦиֶҲͬŮ׷ߣСҲйڡ
ôһ˵뿴λνġáˣѲ·ôΪԴ׵ģˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱף18~


1444.1444 

1444 
Ѱս˧ĻһЩ˵۹⡣
עŵս˧ֶ()ϣЦ˵ܺ͵һ˾̳ˣս˧ֶҲɡ
ս˧Ц⵭˵(ͦͦ)ģ˼ûϡ
˵λøҲʲôʡ͵ĵƣԺСĵ㡣鵽һЩ(qng)ѵ
⻰͸¶˼٣֪ӦѾ鵽һЩֶӹһǵŵ(qng)ˡ
лս˧ѣλøһǲ()ģҶԶԶ롣ζЦЦ
ս˧Ϊ˿ı()ЦҶҽῴࡣ
˲ٹǵһЩԣѰžģȴζġ
ս˧Ȼһֱ죬ȴʱʱ俴
ڿ쵽һСʱʱĿʱҪǱ顣
оˣҲ̧ͷ覿ȥһȣˣ
ս˧һֱڹ۲ӣȴû۾¡
Ҫ˵ʲôͼӵָ⶯˶ƤҲ˶
Լ˼ӣʲôڻ۾
ս˧һӾȻˣһϲ첽߹ȥСӣ㿴˭
覻ôãͷЩκģЩ۵ĹҲ̫Ӧ
ȻͼԼ˹ʳôǵ⡣
֣ǲǷˣɳƸɬʡ
ս˧ϱϲɫϰ()ͷһ£̧뵽Ҫĳ鷳ˣŸĳͷ
ûգֻǿѹ˶ѡļˡ
֮ǰҽӽ󽫻һˣڶͻȻϵ˸ڱ
覵һμ˵ʧ̬ͼҲĻԼΪʲôˡ
֮ǰŻ˯(r)ʲô̫ʶȴĻع飬ÿ춼ڶ˵ܶ(qng)Ҳסˡ
ڳҲ˺ܶࡣ
֣Щ(r)ˣǰֻ֪Ժ֣ʱͨε(qng)ŷԼĺܺãûԼ
ս˧ǵһ˵ôµĻ۾Щʪˣѹͺá
ֻҪѹٶԸ⣬˵ʲôˡ
ζҽ뱲ӾҪֲˡ
ս˧ԭԺٺԴˣû˵ھȥ¸淴


1445.1445 ɲһ漣

1445 ɲһ漣
ģʹʶ־һĻع顣
Ҳ˻е֪ôһ˵ġ
Ҳܺ潫Լѵʲôӡ
Ŀٵĳ()ȥžͼһЦĵСŮĪľһ()һů
ҽлл㣡ж˭ô
ѹĿ峺竣ЦЦ
ǸӦвٻҪ˵ǾͲˣʶȤ˵
ս˧Ҳû׷ģҽҶ֮Ҫʲô𣿱ģ
ѾˡЦŵһȥһЩҩ裬԰()ȫˣ
úã̫ллҽˣ(qng)ҼסˣԺ㾡ҡս˧ĸм
ЦǸģٹ
ҽҪ()ȴоЩֻŲͷ˵
ӻ֣ʹѰ뿪ˡ
뿪ս˧ĵĿ覣оô
()廹Щ⣬áʵ˵
ô()巢ģЩӪ͹úò
ս˧վ()˰һ塣
˹Ϊȫ()ɡܳ׷
ԴӾε(qng)˶˺ܶ࣬Ҳʼˣͷã
ɹ󣬼ȻûɣҪúϧһˡ
ܿ죬覵ҽ˽
Ϊǲ観ʲô£׼ʣͼ()ԭӦûԵۿԼһ
٣ЩŵĿ覣㣬㾹Ȼˣ
ս˧ôСֵģ֮ǰ˵ҽܾģԼš
ķϻ˵Ϊһȫ()ɡԸ
ǵڶսŽսҽԺս˧
ҽһӵĻҪʣȴңҲ᲻к֢
豸һȫ()졣
ܿ죬Ľˡ
ʾһżҽһֲŵ˵ٳ()Щ⣬ȫˡ
⣬ֱҽѧϵһ漣仰⣬Ѿ޷(qng)ˡ
ս˧׷Ц˵ǰɲһ漣


1446.1446 ǽǵ

1446 ǽǵ
ҽ֮ǰһֱ˵ս˧һҽΪٿ
ֻһʼǶܲмս˧˵ҽǶ²ԷƭӣҪһ
ս˧ȴǼλҽֻ±Ϳ첻еٱԷεø
˭ٵȻһĻָˣҲƷ֮ǰµĽۡ
ս˧ҽϻˢӵģ򲻿ܽ
ĽֲˣԺս˧˵λҽѣһ㶼еģöԷΪ˵ɹ˾ͿʼƮˡ
ǧ㶼û뵽˼潫ˣ()ЩĵطҲֱָδš
ս˧(qng)ܺã̲סʣս˧λҽʲôٵģ
ֲ⣬Ǻ⣬ҽԺҲܽ¡
ս˧ڰ֣ͱ̽ˣķòģҲ
ʲôҩô˵ֻһҽᡣ
Щǰڿ˵Ӳأʲô˼ҽȣߣ
ҽһҭȴǲģǺλҽһ潻ĵ𣿡
ĺܺԷôٵģҽѧǸܷ(qng)
˵ɣ(ͦͦ)æģʹõһֹҽǹƽս˧ԼҽԺҽԽԽƲˣԻǱȥ˼ҽ
ҽûôͽˣҽѧ޹
̵ֻçҲ˵
ս˧ҽҽҪҽԺͻȻ뵽һķӡ
ô漣ҽûмʣֻ潻¡
ҽԺôһλҲѹսҽԺһ
飬ս˧ЩĶģ°˵Կǣ֮ɡ
ãս˧Ҫϰҽǿ
ս˧ͷİڰ֣Щһ²Уǽǵģ֪ˣȥɡ
ҽʣɼͷˣε˵аɣڽҡ
ˣѵ(qng)Ҫ𣿡ʡ
ս˧΢΢üû()ϵȴȿˣɣ˶Ҫ֪ġ
ҪλҽƵ𣿡ҽû͵뷨Ͼ治ǻѵġ
ⷽ棬ǵҽƷеġ


1447.1447 ǲͬĴ

1447 ǲͬĴ
ҽս˧ЩΪѡ
վĽǶȣȻϣܹģϾλǽѵˣĶϧ
¹֮ʲô鷳
˵ȱ𹫿ѯҽ֮˵
׼ѯҪҪ
ҽͷҲã
ս˧ǵöҽ̸̸ҽԺ(qng)̲סٴǿ
ս˧֪ˣȳȥɡ
ҽȥ覿ڵ֣λҽȻҽô鵹(ͦͦ)ġ
ҲϣҽսҽԺ()ݲ򵥣ڻڵһ˾ϰ࣬Ҿǽǲ򵥡ս˧̾˿
Ц򲻸ˣǾԿܴܲ
ս˧ģ΢΢üǲǿ˼ҳƯִʲôˣ
ҿɾ㣬ҽľˣ()ݸƼҵСɺЩŮ˲ͬǿģԼҶɫķˡ
覺֣˵ʲôأôܻԼľ˴⣬档
ε(qng)ЩŮûɶȤˣôܽҽЩŮᲢأ
Σľ֮ǸղһۣůĸоǲͬĴڡ
һۿֱӱˡ
֪ͺãս˧ԼҶȷʵû¶ʲôḡ񣬲˿
ʱҶ˵Ļ㻹ǵ𣿡תƻʡ
覵ͷǵã
ս˧ٴθ̾ҽҽǼҪôֱӳʡԺΪ鷳
ӶӾѾ˲٣ŻʣԼˡ
ɫ䣬֣Ȳùܣɡ
ս˧һҪô
ǿӣ߶ԱȣĻҪѷɫԷ١
ֱս˧֣ǰĶӣǵڶսŶµļ̳ˣ޼ɵ֣ɾε(qng)ҷҴˡ
Ҫºúϧʣµʱ䣬ҵĶץ
˵ҪϽҪѧĶܶ࣬ԾǼ˵ҵĥʯɡ
ֻҪܹѹһ̳˲˳
ڽǳȥһҪһԲˣҪڵȭ˵
ԭд꣬ͻȻ绰óȥǰˣʣµ³д˷Ԥ930Ұ~~


1448.1448 Ū˭ȥ

1448 Ū˭ȥ
СʱҲǱȽϽģʱ򣬰ְսűȽæ˴ʱ䶼Ҷȹġ
ʮֳ(i)ȥ֣øõǻȥһЩӵ£Ҳǵĵе˲ٺӵܡ
һֱǵڶսŵļ̳ˣս˧Ǻ˸()ȫԺߣҪǲţҲ̫Բ()ˡ
()ݣʲôӮ˼롣
Щڴ竣֮ǰ(qng)˵ģɱ
Щ˵һܿЦҲ˷䡣
һ֣ò㿴͸ˣȻ
ЩˣһŹȴЩ˼Լ
ҪӦˣ̳˵ڶսţҲᱻ̣꣬ӵѪ
ս˧ôԶȥҲס˺ܶ࣬ɵøеοѡ
ãͽ㵱ĥʯɡܹܿŵ㣬öټԿˡ
ϽǺ£ѹ˼Ҷ˵
һߣѰҽԺ
ϳͷЦѰˣ
ѰûжľɥĿƵĿǸҩôƵģҸоȸ߼ҩЧá
֮ǰ(qng)ssҩûȣƵĵҩȴɹˣļθڡ
ЦиĺôҪǱȽ()ҩĻҩʦҪûôߡ
߼ҩʦֻҪ㹻һҲóɹ
߼ҩҪʶ㹻񣬶ΪҲҪƣﲻ޷Ƴ
´ʱܲҿѰ˵
ĵаҲʲôܡ
ĻʲôʱóҹĦأЦЦĿ
ѰǶ㲻ȥˣҪǻ׾ɣ㿴Ӱ챻󵼣ҵĻ׺bסaܻײܴ󡣡
ü㲻䲻ɡ
Ѱһۣ䲻𣿵ǻ׾ҾԵһʱóĦ
ӰεģصŮΪʲôĻ׸ˣŪ˭ȥ


1449.1449 Ѿ׺ֵز

1449 Ѿ׺ֵز
Ѱ֣Ҳǿ
аɣǾ͵Ȼ׾ٹĦ
һһὫ׳˵ģ𣿡˦˸۸
ѰȴһĵͷҾǣ
ܲܺúˡһһķԼҲǹˡ
Ѱû˵㻹֪Ҿĸܺ𣿡
Ҳ׼b׺𣿡
ѰѾ׼ˣɡ
ֻۣΪ()ȥߵķֲҪЩ˾ﲻˬҲĸ
б¡ЦеĿޡ
Ѱǣ
صһ׹˾Ϣλʦֶ˹
һֱоϣȻеõɶĻ׻û̫ͷ
ʦãǲʲôչˣ̲סʡ
ʣµʱɲˣûнչǵʱ򲻵ֻ䣬׶첻ܶһ
ȻҲû˼ļˡ
Ҳ׷׿λʦûһǲǵġ
Ѱóӵϡ
Ѿҵbףоһܣܿʼʽ׵ķʱͰշС
ʲô˲Լͬصĵɴ۾bף
ļٵģ
ָָϵĻԼٳ֪ˡ
ܻѾ޸Ĺ˳ʹԭ޷Ѱϵ
ȲһܿһܿȥʸкĻ׳ǰ
˾ŪоȻȻ⣬ȴԹĦǵһ۾ϳˣbס
̺ףдż֮ɫףȥȹ˾ŹĦļƷʸð
һ𾪣Ʒȷʵãһbװɡ
ⲻоԺġ֮ǰоĸһЩ
ʿˮ˵ǵһǵǱоס
˷׷׿̲סʣʦãôŪģ
漴ԼԽˣϾҲʦ˵ܣżæҪǲ˵ǾͲ˵ˡ
ЦЦûʲô˵ģҾҪԾȥ
ȻܽѰȥǰͷȷʵ˵һǵŵףҲȫ˵ѡ
˲ɴ۾Ҳo͡
ʦþȻѾ׺ֵزҪ׾ȥ߼Ҳֻȥɡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1450.1450 뺷

1450 뺷
˶׵Ծò֪ҪʲôԼ(qng)ˡ
Ǽʦ÷ģɿȼʦ
׶˵ʲôǲģ
ҲǷˣλʦùȻܿ£ǰʦ
ʦã㽫һǵǱ߻᲻㲻Сʡ
һǵЩǵһһײеģʦø(qng)Ҳ֪᲻Σա
ҲӦ˹ĵĿǰʦǻ᲻ᱨ㣿
ּλʦֻ(ͦͦ)ģеĹĲ٣Цŵû£ҼȻа취ʰ̯ӡ
ͺá˶˿
ԭǻʦԺɱôΣյ(qng)ˣֻס
ܻǶعоɣҲû⡣֮ǰѾΪ¸bף˺Ϥٲоˡ
˲⣬ҲΪǸ˽ס
ٴδ˴ʦǲ⣿
ǰĪĿǣʲô𣿡
Ҳ̫˷˰ɡһ()ۡ
Ҳ()ۣ֮׾ͱϣ̫ˡ
ǲ޷ԭһ뵽Ҫ˷ףǾ²ȥǸ֡
һΪʲôأǾܷĵĲɣʱԭˡ
ȻѰ˵ɷǺöսˣܻ϶Ҫ͹ȥõġ
˲ܸܲԭԼĵġ
ʦãܸԭ˼ʶʦõֵͱֵɻʶ׵ˮƽ
һֱΪӦbܻ׶޷˵׵aܻס
Ͼ˾ֻԻʦ()ݣҪb߸߼ĻףǾǻ״ʦˡ
˵ܸԭǻЩš
ʵҲᣬʵսҪһ֣Ҳû뵽׾ô죬ȫǶ˵ʵˮƽˡ
λʦֲ̫ŵҲúǶ˵ҪǸԭˣȥˣǿǧֲ⣬ǵľ׻ô죿
˳˳ǣ(qng)ʦȥԵһǵ׾ͺͳԷˮһ򵥣뺷
ðɣǾȥŲˣʦ㲻ȥˣʵ޷ԭ˷Ѱɡ()˵


1451.1451 ˲

1451 ((co)co)
֪ܶ״ʦΪҵһֱˣҪ̲ס()ۡ
ʧЦĵУǲҪ᲻ãܲ𣡡
뵽һ⣬ʦãǽ״عҲопܻᱻ˷֡
Ҳܿ϶һû()ϸ
ЦЦ֪֪ǾĿԪأ֪Ҳν
Ҫ׵أĸ
νˣʵ˵ȥġ
ͺ͵һǵŽԹ¶Է֪Ҳ硣
϶ҪǣѰѱ¶ǲǵòʧ
ô˵һǵǱӦҲỳɣϾϷ(qng)ܣǵܲ鵽ġ
ǵŻ᲻鷳ֵǷʦ((co)co)ġ
ʼ磬鷳£ʱһһʲôõĵġ
ðɣ˾޷ʦùͨˣʦùȻϲȭͷ⡣
ôˣȥװɡǰڰ֡
ֻŻС뿪عס
ߺѰü㻹ţô󣬵һǵ߷ֲˣʮ**鷳
ȻҪô죿ˣƲƲ죬ҿɲôûƷ(qng)
֪ҽŪ׸ҲνѰں˵
()⣬ЩٲˬҲøš
Ц¶಻ã˵Ժ㣬Ͳ׸㵽һЩؼ(qng)ˡ
ôҪԻǾ¶ĺá
ͺ͵һǵŹᣬʱҪҧһڣʭӶ˲ҧծ˲Ҳ£
ѰҲмֵɣ
ϣ˲ٵҩڶȥҽԺ
ս˧ûҽԺֻ͸š
˶¶ɫ
쵱ǿѾ󣬵ͱһʵ̫ˡ
ŵһķλҽҽĺţ档
ҽˣѾܹ()Ӣϴ׽Цݡ
Ȼ͸ʹһ˺ʶȤĳȥš
Ѿĵҩ֮˽ѰûиŹ
覣˶Ǿ()ӣҲΡ
Цʣٸо()Σ
ЦŻصܺã컹ЩѾܹ()ˡ


1452.1452 ܲ

1452 ܲ
óɫָĲ
ߵ()ǰ˵ҰѰٿɡ
覵ͷһֻ֣鷳ҽˣ
Ϊ˰ûʲôˣָĺܺã
Ȼһ״ƿ˹ȥװԪÿһţڻָʮָܻ֮֮ǰˡ
覽ӹһ˿¶ȵĴƿָĦţã̫鷳ˣ
ôЦЦ
ҽҵֻǣԺ¾ҡЦº͡
ЦðҪҪٰæʱһῪڵġ
覷ӴŮ˹ȻǲͬģҪǻŮˣ⻰һƴ()ܻӭһܳģ
ȴ俴һƽ(qng)󷽺Ȼر
һᣬĲѾָòˣҲĺƣ֮ҾͲҽԺˡ
ĵĪһʧ䣬ЦʣȻһָòˣҲͷҽܡ
ֻǲ֪ܲҺѣЩŵʡ
⻹һŮˣŵ(qng)
ЦȻˡ
Ѷ·ûʲôԵġ
˿ǵҳԺˣҽһٱ㷹
ðҲûܾ
ҵϣ覾˻ҲǼӽԹˣôڶսŵļ̳߶Ҳ(ͦͦ)ģ
ϵЦǽն˺Űɡ
ţԼն˺Ÿ˽
ͻȻˣҽѾѵ(qng)ûʱػ׷ακõģ㣬ҪƵ(qng)𣿡
ǲϣģ뿴ĲŻϿɣŹâ
Ը⣬Ҳհ졣
ЦŻصãڼʱսҽԺĵܻᷢ㣬ûҪڵġ
ֻҲõƼ֮˵()ݡ벹һ䡣
һϲã
ҪǲĻ˵()ݣƽҲܶӴ
ҽҽôȤսҽԺ𣿡ûסʳ֮׼ʵġ
ҡҡͷڶԻȽϸȤʱҽԺ
ҪĻȫȥƼҵҽԺ߶սҽԺ
ðɣҽҽϣڻҲһõġ
(qng)Цðɡ


1453.1453 Īһ

1453 Īһ
˵һỰ͸ˡ
覻Щû()Խ¥ġ
뿪()ǴƿĦǰʲô䱦һ
͸ٱȽϿĽ͵¥£ͼ
˽Žƿ뵽ԼĿռƷ
˵ҵĲҽκõģϢԷųȥҪƼС()ݡ
ǣѵϢųȥ󣬴͹ĵľ˭κ㡣֪ٿ϶Ǿҽͬˡ
覷̵ЦЦǹŵǣôû
⻰˲ýӣɷȷʵвô룬ԴΪź
٣׼ʲôʱԺأʡ
˵ͳԺɡ
ȥ֮󣬲ܿҺ͵ڶսŵļ˱Qǰĵ(qng)ȴͻȻȤˡ
ǣȥţͷҲԴº˶˺ܶ࣬Ǻ¡
覽ֶս˧ĸ˵һ֧ӢСȥбҽκ˶Ψʣ
ЩеûԼתǨŭ(yn)ġ
ΣȻõΣȴҷԣǣ
ҽͬ𣿡תʡ
˵һ˵һģ˰б(yn)ȥ̽ҽ˽£ӦþͲᷴˡ
ǣٷٶλҽˣҲ
ѵϢѩһ㣬ܿϯǡ
ܶ˶Ϊ֮ȣϾ֮ǰ˵ҽѾ˲Σ֪ͨԼϽ覲ֲˣӦû
ȴͻȻǣһͻȻˣǾˡ
Ǻܶ˱ź߱ĵĿģͿʼ覵ôѵģ漣ˣǱκõġ
߲˴Ҳ֪ˣԭǱһҽκõġ
Ҳ˲սҽԺԼǵĸҽԺҽȴûҵܹԵϵҽǶλصҽӺ档
һЩز˻߼ϵս˧覣Ҫܡ
Ȼˣǿɲȥ鷳ҽ
ҲΪģûƼȥ룬ֻǲɲĵϢ
ȻҶ֪λҽǺҲȴ޷Ϊ׵Īһѡ


1454.1454 

1454 
ݼһӡ
õ観ԺϢһòݿȥȽϳӣʱϴŭĽеľƱˡ
žƱĵͳסˣ
һ(qng)㻹ܳס
覻ָҲûбҾָ侲󣬲鵽Ǳ(qng)˵
üǱģ㡣
()ôʱҪǲ鵽⣬϶ѾԸˣҲ̫ġ
̫ܲ鵽һǵߣϾ辰Ͳᱻ⡣
˵ս˧ҲԳȥ()ѵģ֮ǰѾˮ˵ڶսź㾺ܴ()ϣںα궯
ϸĻһԼİţԼ׼Ļˮ뵽Լ()񣬲ɵ˿
˵öԣҼˣֻҪ֣覲ҲеǻԷ
һŵӴżֲͷ˵()ӣ㲻ҲᱻԼġǻ£ζԸǸްɡ
Ҫˣüʡ
ʯͷɫǰڱúôŲ𣿷ҪܻүӾȻҪΪ̳ˡ
үȥĿ˳ˣ˵Ҫǡ
üʣȥĿûжֽţ
ˣȴǸ񣬻ԤڡʯɫЩѿô
üͷĻȷʵЩ鷳
һǵȺǷ֮ǰȥɱޣʧ󻹲ع⣬Ūʧˣȫʯһ
֮ǰϵǮ˵һǵŵȥҰֱĿɱޣԴʧܺǸܻǺԣԲ̡
žƱ˻ʣô˵
ʯô˵ȻίˣģүȴΪѪĹϵ̳ˣԲ˵޿ɶ񡣡
һ˱ȽעѪҲû취(qng)УԴϣݵû
ǾͿ㱻Ǹ۸𣿡ʯŭҲеľƱˡ
˵㷢ʲôƢǵȻῴ㱻۸Ķˡ


1455.1455 һʦ

1455 һʦ
ûô嶯ĻҲó()ġ
ӲĲоģǺǾͶ()ߵ֣һûʱ⿿һˣҲŻվȽŸ
ʯ˼Ŀʣ˼ǣǰѰȫߣԮʱ򲻷үӵ̳˵λȻûϷˣ
ͷɡ
ֻȫߣϵûཻҲܷŹҪǵһ֪˭߽˭Ҫù
ʯ̲סĴָãݣ
޲ֻ޷̼ұ֣ǶѴȥˡ
һʤȯյģɳϣ¶දӣŴɱɱģһսŵ˶ûһ˾ļ̳ˣбҪô𣿡
ʯЦи˵·ʱ̫Ѷˣˡ
㣬Ƽļ̳˻ˣҲûֵʲô˰ɣ˵
ƽȾһ()ڱΪ̳ˣҲ̳еһҩ˾㡣
ҿɲôûӣ˵ȫûƲƲ졣
ߣúҪȥǸʯһվ()뿪
ʣµ˶һۣҲ׷()½뿪
Ǳ˴˼(qng)УΪܹһ𣬵˴˼俴Էô˳ۡ
ջؼҾյ覵ĶϢѯܲܰ˱ûзԡ
Ȼ覵ĺ⣬ֲ͸Էֺˡ
Ϊ(qng)зһ׹˾ڲҲ(r)
˽״عо⣬ܿͱһ¥˷ˡ
˴֮ҪŪоҪǾķҪ׵Ԫںܻס
ϢҲһͬ˳ȥ
˲ҲΪ˾(r)㡣
ǲӻˣ׵Ԫ뵽ܻֲûʧܹҲ̫쿪˰ɣ
˵λСģҲġ
Сûб£һ־ףǲо̫ˣ
ǰôûʦã
ҲҪһ󷽵ʦã
֪СôŪ𣿡
ôŪģ
˵ȥ˵һǵŵģû׺ֻи׺
ҿԭΪ٣߱žǿˣ(qng)иţ((Ʊ))(qng)˷ˣ
ǸСþôը찡
һʦð
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1456.1456 

1456 
ϰ˺ܶ඼ˢ˾̳кܶԣʮֵĻ(r)
ǲǹעˣСҪŪԪصܻء
ǲܳɹģžûҪ˵
ǰСò˾ܶԻ˽ޣԲŻĲһһҲǹŴʦ̫ˣô
ҲпֻܲǹŴʦǹŴʦλ׾һעҪ䣬Сͽܺ棬Ŀܾûôѿˡ
ܴʦһλaʦѾع˾ˣӦӮ
ԽԽСñﰡ˵Ͳǹ˾ŪЩֻܹĦء
ǰҲϣһʦá
Ҫλ׾ŴʦһˣǾͳҪܴʦһѹˡ
˵ҪǹŴʦһˣʱСû᲻ᵱ쭣Ȼ߷ɹܴʦļͽܣ
ȿȣҾúпܰСÿǵŶġ
ҪģС᲻**
УҶܻٸټɽš
ҡ
Ȼ̳¥ˣһȤʮŨҪ᲻ᱩˣ˻߼š
Ѿع˾ˢ̳ɫԽԽѿһŭ
ʦܣϲŮɫëԺעɣڹ˾Ҫô޼ɵˡԶһӣҲˢ̳ɫͬÿ
ǵЩ˾Ȼģʱ᲻ᱻ߼ţܲˡ
ʦ֣֪ˣٶλʦֻЩηģֻڨڨЦŴӦ
ｫ飬һ޻֮ıΣȫ()һڲĻָҲȥ鷳
ȻֵǸĸϻȴѹ
ʮ˵֮ǰҾڻ׾һ
ҲΪжɫ֮쿪ҪԪأ϶һһöˡ
˳ŵɫԻ˻㻹֪ͺãһҪһ
ǣȭβʦ˵ҲúѹǸĸϻһġ
λʦ׵ķҲˢ̳
¥ֲĸϻʲôʱҪˣˡ
˶ЩҲ(ͦͦ)ģȴĪ˼ͬҲҪˣʦõǻأǻ߶Էء


1457.1457 ˽

1457 ˽
ʱ䣬ڹ˾׷
Ҳó⡣
һܵʱ϶һ顣
ŷҲ˳ȥܶ˹ϵеĻʦ״ʦװģȻŲˡ
Ҫǲף˳û˽һЩ׵(qng)
˺ΣЩƤžͲˣҲΪͲ⡣
ȥǺνЩҪͿb׾ʧƷûʲôϡġ
ô˵ҲͲֹſĻʦˡ
Ҳ֪ɿڣ˲ǿһӡãλС̫ˣϧһġ
Ҳڲ׵һܣ˹ܴʦһû˾״ʦͻʦˡ
ûг֣ǽƵĻ׹ͼ˳
ȫ꣬ЩҲڱߡ
Ҳ
죬ڹ˾о׵ĲϣһЩĽնͻȻˡ
һ޴ģͽ
ո磬ˣһֱϵ֪֮ǰȥˡ
Ц˵ǰԭܾҪģ˭֪˵ŵˡ
ʱһԸɡ֮ǰ˵ҪԷ˭֪ʱպ뿪
׵У㶨ط˰
ãһ
绰һᣬ޾ͷһĵַһұ()ȽϺõĲҵĲҵ
ϣ׼ǰ°࣬ɫЩõŽ
ǲˣ뿪Цյ˭ǵ˼λʦ֣ҪҪȥһ٣
ԭ˶ʱЦãȴůʦùȻǵġ
ʦֵˡ
˶˵֮ǰǵĻͼֽȥӹǲֻ⿴һ۾;ܾˣ˵ǼӹǱ׷˼ˡ
ٵ壬ǹ˽ʦ㻭Ļֲsģôܼӹûúÿ߲ѵ˵
һԵ״˳½ǣʦһԲȥλһ٣ĻʦûԿģϾû
ȻԵĲ˾ȥˣʵҲЩû뵽ٵȻôĿŵĹ˽𣬵һ׹˾Ǹúú¡


1458.1458 Ҫ

1458 Ҫ
ȻԷҪ˽Ǿ˵ӣҲԹӣ˵ĺҪȫһȼ
ɲǿ
°˵ҪǲӹĻǿ˾ӹ𣿡
صֻҪǹ˾ԼĿȥӹҲͲй¶˾һ˵
ǾȥĹ˾ӹֲҪԼǮǵĻһʦȥҹ˾߲㱨˵ġ
ڳʦ⣬˾ķãòںɹ
ҲŻôߵľִܾ˹˾߲Ҳֻкϡࡣ
ԻҪʵ֤ʱܴ
ЩΪѵ˵aֻҹ˾ܹӹóһңǿ϶ͬġ
ͬҲҸǼӹʹ
ҲԥĽų⣬һأ
һֻΪսŷĹ˾ӹֻĸСսʹãٶӻ
̾˿ΪѵĵطҲ֪һ㣬Żôק
ҪĹ˾ܹǼӹҲôˣء
°ֻͣҹ˾ܼӹa
ҲѹܳΪ׹˾Ӧ̣ԭЩ¢()ʡ
ǰںõĻʦʦҪ׹˾ҪͱҺֻսŵǸ˾ˣ˾ӹҲûǸ
˶˵һ˵һֱڴѹ˾(yn)ļҳͷء
ʦã㿴ҪҪʦ棬Ȼȥ档
ֵʦ棬ӦþͲҾܾˡ
Ҳûа취(qng)Ƕֻܻ죬ɻȴרӹʦ
㲻뿴ǸҲֻһôμӻ׾
ﶼñѣرǻпܻͷʦ档
ȴҡҡͷС¾Ͳȥͷʦˣ˼ȥ˵ͣͱһͷˡ
ǿɱֶǹͷĵӣҲǳվڹܴʦǱߵģʦǻǿ˵ӣӹʲô˭֪
Ҳ͹ͷһ˹ģɲʦȥΪЭ(qng)
ô((Ʊ))ʦͷȻ׾ʱҪȡ


1459.1459 Ʋ

1459 Ʋ
ҲʦȥЭɲĻôأ
ó˵ľΣЦŰ(qng)ͽɡ
ʦҪôȥɣʿˮʡ
ûİһۣҪ˾ҲҪҪ
Ǳˣʶһս˧ͨĹϵӦܹǸ˾æӹ
ǸֻΪսżӹ˾ֻ˵ٽĵûĹ涨ܽӡ
ս˧ߵĹϵĹϵǱӦöӵġ
ô˵׷˿ʦòȥͺãˡ
ҪͷʦˣͻȻǺûá
ЦЦǸϿȥоҸķľͽҰɣҲǸˡ
ãҪܰæĵطʦ㾡ʹ˵ͷ˵
Ϊʦǲûչ˺ʦã¶ʦó⣬Ǻ
Ҳûܾǵĺ⣬У»ǵġ
뿪Ҳûڹ˾ųȥԼˡ
ǰһᵽ䣬Ѿˡ
Цվ()ΪǰλãþòƯˣ
ЦոҲ˰
Ưˡ޲ûƣ֮ǰɣ·ʲô±ˡ
Ҳ֪ԴҵһֱŵĴʯͷˣ˵״̬ҲһЩ
Цޣո翴ȥˡ
ǰһֱȽ׺ĸоȴ˼ָ
ȣԾ͸ˣ޲ܻԼļ¡
óӦ(ͦͦ)۵ģҿ࣬ʱȻвۣǱȽϳɹģϲʱվ˽Ÿ
໹ô
޷ĵЩ˵ʱվȽŸǲǿҵ֮࣬󻹻ʲô
ͷҿ౻һ()֣ǻСƻ֮ǰŬ
ƲֻҪ(ͦͦ)ȥ֮ͽȽ˳ˡʲô(qng)()
ʧЦҴѡЩ˾ûֹͣҲãܹĥȥԼ
лˣΪһ衣
Դ¿òһ󣬺ܶʼ˸ֲ裬ҵĽܶȻǱȽϸߵġ


1460.1460 ϣǱȽϴ

1460 ϣǱȽϴ
νԼΪѼԶٷûж˵ԼЩ(r)ļѺ
ԸҪЩ˵(qng)ƻգ潫ѡ
˾
Цʣڵһ׹˾ô
Ц˵ãżв۾ҵ鷳
鷳ûʲôܰæģʡ
Ҳ޵ѣǴ˵˵(qng)
Ҳȥǣ׼սźǸ˾·ԣܲС
ԴǺ󣬶ĸ˾˽⡣
˾ȽϴȻ߲Ĺ˼սŵӰӣµٵľ˾ˡҪ·ӣϣǱȽϴġζЦ
ս˧Ӳ˻ѵ(qng)ǵĴţȻ˵ˡ
˶֪صҽ˭ȴܲµʮ**Բ˵⻰
治֪µٵľ˾ˣҾþϷˡ
ԭ룬ȥս˧Ƕæôһ˵;ȥˡ
֮ǰ˵ٸѵġ˵
Цҵҽ˵Ĳ̫ͬҲãΡ
̫ǫˣʧЦҾþûβõĲ
Цãҿɲҵ
ܿ˾ˣҲûٶĹϵ(qng)Ϊռ˲֪Ǹ˾(qng)
֮˵Цһ˲
޺ǿųģ˭Ҳû˭뿪
ȥһΣֺ˸٣û˦Ҳûлؼңǹ˹˾
ع˾λʦֻڼӰ࣬ҲûӰ죬˴ԼСʱ뿪˾Ȼָ˲ˡ
ҲжϳˣӦúйء
ģӦЩҪʰޱСŪġ
˾뿪ˣӦΪ˴̽()ݡ
ɫ䣬ҪЩ˸Լ֮󣬻ʲô(qng)
뿪˾ѾϣҲûȥ覣ֱӻ˼ҡ
ڶȥ˹˾׼覴绰Լ˭֪ԷȷϢԼˣȻͬ⡣
ԼҲṵ̂࣬һֱڹ˾ʵϡ
ޱ˽ɫżء


1461.1461 һ

1461 һ
ޱ±Ƚϳȣڹ˾ԵҲܺãԴϢ
أɵʣʲô𣿡
ޱߵ£ʣʦǲʯҵĴ٣
ĪʣʯҴ٣
漴Ϊռ(qng)һ˾Ǹ̳ˣ
ޱͷ
ҡҡͷû˭֪Ҳû
ôˣڴҵңʡ
ޱû˵ҺǱߵһϵҴǱ˵ʯĲкÿ㣬õҪĻ
˵ͬʱǹ˾λ߲кЩ㣡ĵ˵
ʱҲ˭˸ˣ֮ǰս˧˵һ˾ļ̳Ҳ׷޶Ի()ݵǸŮˡ
ֻǻû뵽ԷȻΪ޳һٷҪ˾Ҳ硣
ЦһɣԲУ
Ͳ׼ȥͷһ˾ĸ߲ҲΪɣûԲдкͷһɵĿҲ˳ۣ£
ǸԲмȻҲ磬Ҳˡ
ޱһ㶼ûн·ϣɵ˿˵ʦǱ߱Ҫ㣬ʯٴкǾ͸ֱ׳ˡ
ûϵҲ׼ǣ()ôխ˼ú÷ҵϣֻ֪ڶƣҲõȥ
ƲƲ죬һء
˵⻰ʱñ
ˣʦõĿԽԽˡ
ǹ˾һȽõġ
֮Ժ˾Ϊϼӹbµŷ˳ȥ
ʦþȻ˵ϣҪǱ˾ˣҪЦ
ǵû뷨ĺãЩ()̫խˡ
ޱЦʦ˵öԣ
Ĳٵ壬ǶãҲ(ͦͦ)еġ
ʦãӹ(qng)ʵ𣿡ԭ˵Ҫȥʣ뵽ʦõİ()񣬻û˵
ͷӦþʵˣЩɵ治ùܣ˾и߲ҪָֻţʦģǾоɡ
˳˳ǣ⻹ǵһ˸˵ɵ棬ʦùȻը졣
ҲĪĲˡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1462.1462 ô

1462 ô
˰ͣ
ţһװӳĳǰ
ؿڣ£
ޱ(qng)˵ʯתһ(qng)һʼҪǻͱڵһ׹˾ˡ
зЦҲתνʯһΪԼ˭ʲôʸңұڵһ׹˾Ϊǵһ׹˾Ķ³أ
Բа׳һԺñǰҾ
ڹŵһֲһ䣬ȥ˵Ļһֲ©תرһ䣡
ԭҪ׼˵Ļû˵سŵȻŵĿ뿪
û뵽Ů˵ӾȻô󣬸ʯԲа׳գ֪ķҪʯ٣Ӳɡ
ʯ˵绰˵Ļһֲ©˵˶Է
ʯҲû뵽ȻŮô󵨣ɫ࣬ãǺĵģʡ
ǲܽϳһ׹˾Ҿʱɱǰ󣬺ߣ
绰˼
Ȼ͵һ׹˾߲ϵ
ûֱӴӦʯҪ󣬱Ͼǹ(i)ͽܣҪԷûôס
ҲӦʯȻ׾ʱ©ǻ鷳
ʯȻˬҲͬˣϾǵһ׹˾ļ̳ˡ
һߣԼȥ覡
Լĵطݼ߼ֳҲӵ߼Ĳ
֮ǰ£ս˧ҲݺݵĴѹݼһΪ䱳վŵĸ߲㣬һЭս˧ˣû̫Ӱļȥ
ȻҪûѣս˧׼ʰЩ˺󣬾ͻԸݼġ
ǵһιͣóͼ観߹
Цݵ˵ҽˣ
ٺãôЦЦ
覻صҲյĳ͹ˡ
ʵǵһݼϤҲ䣬Źȴ
Ƚȥɡ
һƣãҽ룡
˲һһ߽ݼʯٵ˼״е£ȻѸٽϢ˻ȥ
ȥ(to)³~


1463.1463 ʹ

1463 ʹ
߽һϢնˡ
Ϣüͷתͷһӵƣ˸㣬ҪҪˣ
Ȼ֪ԼˣνЦЦСƶѣˣ
һͲµ֪֪ʲôٵ𣿡
ﻳˣյϢǼһﻹûҽ
Ҳû֪ʯˡ
㶣ЩԾʯģΪʲôҪ˸㣿
ǼһȻ(qng)У˵˽ȴṴһѵʯģ
ʯ()Ҳʹöġ
Լ()ıۣЦ˵ҺʶȴҪѣҪڵһ׹˾첻ȥ컹ңûᡣ
üͷĸʯв
㲻ҪҶ㣬ҾʹȥŪʯǵһ˾ļ̳ˣȴ¶Է
ȻܽԷˣһöԷŵѪûġ
ҡҡͷãҲ磬һġ
ʲô޾ʯֻǲһԲй
覼ֲ棬ðɣҪʱҡ
ľˣݲ۸
лĺ⡣
˶¥һŵ͵ݻµİ䡣
º͡
Ҳû(qng)ɨһ˵ϲĲ˶ˡ
覲ˣֵһƿƣĲζֻǲ֪ϲϲԣ
Ц˵Ҳôʳ
һΪ㲻ˡЦЦĿ覡
һ˵(qng)ôߵĵط²ֲˣӦû()ӰӦò̤
ֽ붥ʱȫ()ţϻ()ӰģȴӲĿ˷ˣɼ()ǱȽϼᶨġ
ʧЦҾʹ
ɷϣ»صصʱȥĶ¥ȷʵһĪĺºͿ־塣
ɲ֪ΪʲôͷͿ()ɢŵĵҩ㣬ĪͲôºͿ־ˡ
һ߽µһ̣Щ(qng)Ҳһɢ֪ԼѾ˷ϵһء
ľʹⲢƭô롣
ֻԼһ˻ߺ˹ҲҪ˷ףòʱɡ
()ߣ֪Ϊʲôһ˵İĸУôĿ˷


1464.1464 ʲôҲ۸

1464 ʲôҲ۸
¶֮ɫ
Ц˵ǹϲ㣬Ѿɹ˵һ
ǱȽˣǰʲôҪģܹȻڵڲֵóƵ
ûдеͣһϲллҲҽ
Ϊ˵Լ(qng)һֱôҶҪ˼ˣ
ҾͲôˣֻһֱûҽĶ(qng)ܾòŵʲôЦ˵
⻰ֱӵ뵽˽Լ⣬ҽ컹һٰæء
覲ܸˣҽ㾡˵
û˵ᾡæ·ԼҪ
ԼҪμӹ˾׾ԼΪѵ(qng)˵һ飬ǻʹ˵˾˵Ĺ˾ҲaļӹҪæʣǹ˾ܲܽӸӡ
ΪܲˬʲôҲ۸
֮ǰڶսźкڿͣˡ
ϲԣҲûиҪҡ
Ц˵ǰæӹaĻС˼
ھ͸˾˴绰ҽԵƬ̣
ͷ鷳ˣ
ҽҲҪҲҪվ()
ãҲ(qng)
绰ܿŻ
Һ;˾˵ˣ˵û⣬ҪǼҪĻͿԽͼֽùȥºЦ˵
ĸҾһŮ⹫ź;˾Ƕ(i)裬(i)ݼڶҲ(i)
֮ǰˤ˻ԣ˾˼Ҳ˲Ļ֡
ȥǸ˱٣ڵļȴ˾ִѹˡ
ǾԼҽҪæ˺ԥĴӦˡ
ʵԴ˶ĳ(i)̶ȣôСҪ󣬴Ҳܾ
ȴҲΪô˸ӡ
Էͬ⣬Ц˵ȷʵҪһ鷳ȥһͼֽˣ
Һ⣡覰֮úʱദ
ܿ˾ˣ˳ζ
㻹ϲɣЦʡ
ͷζ(ͦͦ)õģ
߼Ĳ֮һóЩ˲ǻ⿵ģ˵ɫ⿷ӳˣ
еЦϲͺã
˻ᣬ覶žƱʣʱһ˧㣬𣿡


1465.1465 

1465 
Ҳ֪Ϊʲô̽⡣
žƱһ٣ʧЦôѣֻҵˡ
Ц˼֣ԭҸˣ˼
Ц˵Ѿδˣлܸʶ
պһھƵ⻰Ǻ
ǿпٵĽ£ðʧѹ£δˣ
ǰѾһܳʱˣֻǣûм󷽵˵
覵ıһ£ԭҽδˣлһҪҽʶ¡
뿴ʲôˣܹô˵ĳΪδ
üЦ˵û⣡
ЦôãӦúϲɣޱȣȴû¶
ĵЦŵǰҪǲϲҾͲˡ
ǹϲˣ観һЦ˵
ʶʱ̫ˣ
ЦеĽףлл
˳극覴ȥ˵Ĺ˾
˾ûڳģڳǽһȥһƬĽһ
˾չȥȫսŵһפء
覴߽˾ڵĴãȻʶʮֿЦŷС
ִרõȥ˶¥
״ͬûȹ覵()壬(r)(qng)Ľ͵³칫ſڡ

ţ˿ڣʹȥˡ
ЩҲԿ˾˵λȷʵ͡
ȥͼ칫ǰһ۾ݿŵӡ
վ()߹º͵Ŀˣˣ
ſҽãлС覵ԭҸʱݷء
Ѿս˧֪Ĵ(qng)ûгԾҽôҽò
⻰ҲǿĴ㣬ϾΨһµѪºҲܡ
ˣ΢΢һЦ
һơ
һר͵ɳϡ
ܿƷʮƷ֣ȻΪ׼ģΪ֪ϲһ֡
жһ裬⿴һۡ
󷽣ʱ꣬²³Ӧ()ӱȽˬһࡣ
ҲȦӣЦſڣҽҸղŽӵС覵ĵ绰˵ҪһЩaĻ


1466.1466 ȷ

1466 ȷ
λ϶Ǳ濴ȥôż򵥣ȴҲϵġ
Цŵͷȷʵ¡
ȻûԼڵһ׹˾(qng)˵һ飬Ҳʯ(qng)
֪᲻ɵʯڶ˾еһ׹˾Իǰ˵Ϊá
ϵЦݲ䣬ȻʯǼСҽ÷ϣҪҽˡ
ʯҺСսŵļ岢壬ûô
ͲΪʯǸνҸֱӺϽа塣
ҪǶԷӻ˸ôҲΪϣľ֮Ҫ
ս˧һҲǸ̵ܻˡ
˲˼̬ȣ֮ǰͼֽ˳Ҫľ
屾()һsʦֿ(qng)
ӹ˿̧ͷʣƵģ
ͷǵģʲô𣿡
ʵ˵aƷʱȽϸߵһ࣬ҿƵĺɣҲҪ()ȽϺãҲȽɵĻײƥ䣬Իױ()ĲҲҪ󡣡
ҪǷһaܻϣҾӦóܲȣ𵽷á
֪ǵһ׹˾ƷaӦö޷ƥϡΪأŻὫԼȫ
˼ЦŵǴʦһ۾ܵӡ
ҵЩʱǰͨaܻȥƥģ׼׵Ԫ뵽aܻ׵ĲҲԭеĻϽ˸ĽȫԳܵסݡ
潫ѧѧ͸ˣһϸĻʦԲѧǱ޿ΣҲܶ࣬һʱڸ˾a׵Ĳϣͻơ
Ǹ˾ĲϲɣϲĲʦǺѣΪǡ
Ļü循ȲѣҽȷҪ׵Ԫ뵽ܻ뷨оʧˡ
ȷҲоЩʧܰҵ뷽ǲͬҶԼġŵ˵
Ҫǻˣ϶ף
оԺĴʦǶʧˣƾʲôΪԼܳɹⲻԸ


1467.1467 ô

1467 ô
ԼҲһȽϲµˣȻ趨ʧܵĿ()ܴȴҲûз񶨡
Ǻ£ʧС
˵ͳɹأ
Ц˵ҽ˵ģ׵Ԫܻ׳ɹĽܹƥĲϣôҲȷʵͼֽϵܴö׵Ʒӵó
ȾһЦ⣬ʦ⣬ڶûȫҵˡ
ͼûᣬΪ֪ǻ֧ԼԼС
廹δ˵һԵסˡ
ڵҲҽһںϳɹģ˲ܣܡ
Ȼ죬Ҳ֪Ԫ뵽ܻжѣǾС
ЦԭٶôãȻҲԼܳɹҪллΡ
Цݲãʵ
廹δԼôһˣóЦݺܳγֿκηܣ¾¡
ó˺ܶ࣬ҲҽܿصҲ
Ҳܿҽͼֽ˵԰ӹԼʲôʱҪһڵʱ乻𣿡
ͼֽϵƺܸȤɣҪõ˾ʦ죬ƷҲ֪вС
϶Էľˣ׼Լˣܹ֤ȼƷʡ
Ц˵̫лˣҺܷġ
֮ǰѾ˵ң˼˵⣬ӹɫľλˡ
ͼֽ˿żʣҽԵһ׹˾ô
Цŷʣָǣ
ϲ𣿾һᱻԽ𣿡Цʡ
ʵص㲻ϲȥһ׹˾ϰҪΪҪѧϰ˵Ļ׼ҲΪʦϰࡣ
һ׹˾߲ͻ״ʦ֮вɵģΪڶƻ˽棬˹˾棬ڲڲٵ⡣
ҾñԽǱȻģֻǿʱ䳤̰ˡ
ЦҽıȽס
֪û뿪һ׹˾Ĵ㣿
˶˵絽һͬŶ켼¹˾ʡڵһ׹˾
ó⻰⣬ҪлĻһῼǵġ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1468.1468 ̫ӭ

1468 ̫ӭ
覴Լ֪һЩ˵ġ
ϲЦʣˣǵĻ׹˾Ҫˣ
ЦǰѾȫ׼¸¾ܿʼˡ
ʣ¿һ׹˾
ԣҺһѺϿģǵսţֻײƷaµܻǶۡ
ѾڵsĻʦͼaĻ״ʦԺӦûҪ߸߶˶ơ
ҽȤҳ뵽ǵĹ˾豸ṩĴԸڵһ׹˾Ц˵
ʧЦ㻹ûпף֪ҵĻˮ׼ɣ˵aʦǣǹ˾ǲˮƽ
ҽһ(i)һУ㲻aĻʦôƳͼҲܳȥס
廰һתһ˵治aʦ˫ssľ()츳ǣϹϵָ㣬ҪaҲԶˣǹ˾ҲԸɳ
һƵ˵ҽĻˮƽ϶ͣڲaⲻǲûҪaַӵ(qng)
ҽҴ˾ǱǺܲģԿ¡˾˵Ĺ˾Ͳܱ˾߲۸
忴ѵõЦҲ£ȷʵǹ˾ǱڼƷϳһ׹˾ΪĿֻ꣬ҽûȤˡ
Цŵô˵ҵЩȤ
ȥһ׹˾Ǻʦȥģ۵ĻôҪȥ˼ҡ
ͬĵͷǵȻģ
ҪʦʾˣǾǿˡ
ʣǻлʦҪ۵ĻʦʦҲӦûһߡ
һ׹˾ڶ̫ˣʦ֮ͱͷ˴ѹܲˬ
¼ʦڶԵһ׹˾ԽʧˣҲѾٿˡ
һϲаҪǹŴʦܹǹ˾Ǿϯ״ʦ̫ӭˡ
ŴʦsĻ״ʦ򶼱Ƚˮ׼ͼȽϽ棬Ҫܹ˾ٺòˡ
Цȥʡ
ҵλʦ֣λܹﵽaλǻҪһʱ䣬ֻbбҪ˵Ȼȥѯʡ


1469.1469 ı

1469 ı
Ҫ칫˾Ȼǻ״ʦͽ˽ġ
Ц˵ȫû⣬Ҳܻӭ
Ȼֻ߸߶·ߣaµĻײۣǻbʦģ츳cʦ(qng)УĽȫaǿ
Ҳ˼츳bʦʦֱǸлҪ˹˾ǻ(r)aġŵĲ䡣
ڵһ׹˾ǽǣ᲻ᱻԷϣ㶼ġ
սţһ׹˾Ҳû취ġ
Цŵͷãһȥ֮ѯǵġ
ЦֺգĺϢ
Լһ֮󽻻覾뿪ˡ
ɳϽ硣
ԴӽսźȽæÿ춼棬ֻǼӵʱ䣬Ҳ֮¡
ὫԼÿ췢(qng)˵Ҳͬ(qng)
ǣڿտĽֵţ췢(qng)˵һ顣
Ц̧ʣһ׹˾ã㻻˾(ͦͦ)ġ
Ҳͬġ
Ц˵ţʦ֮ǰڿ۵(qng)ˡ
Ҫ˼ͬĻȥĹ˾£ȷʺνȥ׹˾Ҳû׼һӸУΪĻѧϰ߶˵Ļ׼߽ӴȽȽһЩϡ
ʦλʦȷʵҪһһӵģ۱ء
ţⷽȽо顣ͷǸҪ㣿
ǰעҪʧˡʼ磬ûн˷
ǣּ䣬ȴҵ˲ˬ
ҪϷģҪԼϱί
ֿ֮󣬷ĺڿͼҵ(qng)鿴
ֽһһȽҪĲϵǣҲҪǣʹʼŵ֧ӢСӣαװɵһǵҵķɴ
֮ǰΪǸףϵӡ־Ҳĳսӵģ廹ǹһЩûиı־aܻףΪľðԷ
ƻܳɹûɱˣǽɴϵĲϴһա
۸ģǾ͵øۣҪֶڹ˾Ըϱôֻһʼˡ
Ҹ߲֪ϢˣʵЩš
21~~


1470.1470 ϡ

1470 ϡ
Ҹ߲㲢ŭһǵŸǼңǺ͵һǵ˽¶кԷôͻȻǣ
ǺĪεֵʧأȴӰ켴һ׹˾һƷΥԼʧͺܴˡ
һ׹˾ǱҲǵҪһ»ףȻ󽻸ǱߵսţӻҲӣΥԼ
Ҳҵĸֽ߲ȥ͵һǵŽ档
²ǵһǵŸɵģǵȻϡ
ǵɴƵģȷǵĻף˫Ľ棬Ҳûһ
һǵ߲ϣҲⱻߵĲϡ
ֻҧˣȺ͵һ׹˾ĸ߲ͨͨŵٶѰҴ
ΪĹϵһ׹˾ĸ߲㻹ͨڿʮ죬Ҳֻôһλᡣ
˿ʮȻ㣬ͻġ
һֱڼҵ(qng)Ȼ֪£Լս˰ţڻǱؾ·ϣһΡ
һôȣشʧ¹ˡ
һߣڶع˾Ѿ(qng)λʦ֡
˶ѣ̲ס
û뵽Ǽǵλͬ˾ôʦӡ
̲סСʣʦãû˰ɣ
Ҳһ㶣Ȼ뿴ʦòͨˣ˼Ұæİɣ
ûĵ˵ˣǽʲôأһپͻЭˡ
˵˼ҿʮһߣҪûôס
ǵģһλ߼ߣǱȽľϵ
Ҳ˲ڵһμʱ˫ssľ
ԭˣǾͺãǾͺã˳˿
˵Żޱ˽
ʦ²Ǳ߸ղ֪ͨ˵֮ǰְ룬㲹룬Ͳ㹫˾ʽԱ
ϴżŭļ˵ҸղȥˣְֻǲһǱ߷ֹ˾Ĺ֤ǹʦͽܣĹǲҪġ
ҪŪ۶ˣνЦЦ
²µóԷҪʲô
ƶ׾ķʧܣʱˣǾҽڣ˵뽫˾߽޷Ϊ˾Ļ״ʦڮʦϡء


1471.1471 ȥˣ

1471 ȥˣ
ޱĻҲʮֵ
ҽڣǰôûҪЩ֤ʦͽܣõ֤
ߣϾʱȥְ
ʱȥʱô˵أ(ƨp)˼𣿡
ǣ(ƨp)ʲô񸽺͡
վ()˵УҪȥǺúõ¡
ҪߣͿڵȥˣ˭ϡһ˾״ʦ()أǲְûϰˡ
֮ǰҲûȫȷҪҪۣöٿˣ
Ҳǵһ׹˾ȫģã
˲ˣϰ࣬Ҫȥϣ
ʦãۣȵʡ
е˵ǰȻʱҲϲֹĶǵķΧ
ȥڶ˾˼һתʡ
ҡҡͷǣ
()ȥȥʦ̸̸
ʧıӰЩãʦҪʦأ
ʦõƢȻֱӽһ׹˾ˡ˵
иӣⶼʲô°͹ˣ²ǱôҲͽˣ
²ĲλˣλһֱվڹܴʦǱߣʯٿкô
ֱ̫޳ˣ˵ʦˣ˾ڹĶǵգҶˡ˵
۾ʦúʦˣȻҪߵġ
˿û뵽˵ֻҲе
ʦȥǾȥǰǷ˭(i)˭ȥܡͷ
ʦ֮ǰȥ˱ķֹ˾ԭҪȥģʦΪǵǰ;ܾˡ
ܣȴΥʦķԸڹ˾Ĳ죬ʱ⵽ѹżҲʵֵı
һȥ˹ϣǽź²(qng)˵һ顣
ϳĬƬ̺󣬺ԥͬۡ
ԼνȻλ߲з磬͹ͷȽԹȴûҶͷϡ
ͽȴͬСͽ˶೤ʱ䣬ͱ۸͹˼Σȥˣ
Ҫ˼ն˺ţ׼ԺͶԷ̸̸ȥԷĻ칫˾ʲôġ


1472.1472 п

1472 п
ʺϼͽܷչôʹۡ
ڶ׹˾Ҳһֱȴ׼ǡ
Ͼ˾Ƶ״׶ˣȥزģء
˸õѡ񣬼Ϲ˾ĸ߲̫ҪСͽܣȵĵߣżᶨҪߵ뷨
ʦѡ˵һỰ뿪صԼĹ䡣
λʦֺͺޱûߣ뿴
()и㣬ʦãʦô˵
ʦͬˣ룬ҪߴһߣҪҪһۡҲûʵ˵
ӣߣҲܹˣ
ߣʦǾҲ׷ͬ
˶ԹϺ𾴺Т˳ûҪΥԶûҪʲôطͷ׷޳ˡ
ȽҲλʦֵġԡ͡ڹؼʱǲϺȡ
ޱʣأûȤۣ
ޱǿ()·ҲϲģǺܿ
ޱûԥЦ˵ҪûʦҿѾȴְˣȻȥǾҲ鷳һɡ
()ߵʱ䲻ȴϲԷ·Ըⲫһ˴ͷ
ڵһ׹˾ܻٵ(ɧɧ)ţְ
ºģ۹ܺѡһһ׹˾۵ġ
Цã
ǷģԺһ()ԣǾͿ϶ǵġ
ãԺ͸ʦʦˣ
ʣʦãʲôʱߣҪμǸ׾𣿡
ЦȻҪμˣǿɲܻ뿪ֱ׳ҡڵߣһ׹˾߲£Ƕϡ
˵ǻû²뿪ඪʦ
Ҫˣ˾˿϶ΪǲҲμӻ׾Ϊߵġ
ЩС˿϶Źֻᣬʱȥʦᱻƻ׹˾Ҳǲɡ
˵ϲӭѶϣһ
ҪЩڮʦȶ⣬Ҫ֤˿ʦͽܵ۹ôá
ЩҲˣҲΪ׾߲֡
ôĻ˶ˣʦùȻʦãԶô󣬰ţ
һ׹˾ĸ߲£²п


1473.1473 δ

1473 δ
ޱȵԼʦãʲôʱ򶼲䣬ôŲ˭õġ
ҲʦôŪףǸ˾æӹԸʦãϣ
ʦ˵úãǲܻߣ㣡Ҳһֺ׳־ʣµʮʱһҪ취֮ǰоѹء
ЦŵͷǾллʦˣ
ˣҪ۵(qng)Ƕȱ˵ȥȻ׾ٹǿ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôҪ˵ûзԣãʦõġ
ˣ˵һǵˣҪǵһ׹˾Ļףڹ涨ʱڿ϶ܽˡٺٵֻЦ˵
û˵ȴҲЦ̫ˣС˵ƣҲôһ죬һǵѵ°
ǰٶΡ
ڲԶһֱûвμ۵ѰζĿ˿
Ȼһ¾뵽һܣɵüȾһůɫЦ⡣
ǵһǵŸɵģǿ϶ҷˣ()ܴ
ޱͳ뿪Ѱڵδ(ͦͦ)ܸµġ
˵ǵȻˣδ
Ѱ˲ʧȥȥ**һվ()뿪䡣
ַˣҲᣬĽĲһ顣
ԭ׼ȥϲģȴ⡣
ȻҪۣΪʲôҪһ׹˾ô
ϿԼնɾݣ޷ָĴ
°ؼҡ
Ʒƾȥˣֻº诡
ԴϻذÿؼҶ³һ˵ǹҡ
극ĸŮ˵糾͵˽
¼״ЦſʣˣԷûԵĻȥ㡣
¶ºͣڷɴϳԹˣͲ鷳ˡ
ڼңȻɲ٣ĸð
¥ȥʰ£Ц˵
һȥ߹ȥĸ첲
ȻŽͽĿռ䣬(qng)Ƚϼһæ˽һ㡣
ͷã
¥ϴ˸裬()·ȻȦס诵ͷҪȥʮûбˣûš
ֵ˵Цȥ
֣ͷ()ţ
СӺôԼȻʲôС(qng)Ҳû׼顣
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1474.1474 뵽һ

1474 뵽һ
鷿һеķš
߽棬Ц˵£
е£ͷĹ˾ﱸˣ
Ѿ߸ǣʹæ꣬ȥæãΪֲǡ
ʳƷ˾Ѿﱸòˣ豸Ѿλ⼸ֳǶ˲()˹ͿԿʼӹ㳦()ˡ
˵ױƷ˾ҲѾ˳ƷֻһõĻС˿ϡõ廨٣ҲӦϣõֲܴģ
ֽȻⷽ˲ţôѾﱸôࡣ
򣬻ױƷ˾ȷʵȷһţûԭϹӦҲû취
Ϸ磬ԼĻϣЧĸıĿǰaܻײı׶ˣʹ()ܶȸߡ
һ׹˾һֱҪѾ׼ʦ۵һ½Ļ׹˾Բ뽫ݲϱǣʽûȤٿϹ˾
ܲһ֮ڣͲ
ЦżҼǵýȽóľǲѧɡ
㶣漴Цѧ񣬼()ã
ȿϡնϸĿԭƽﲻϲ
˵ʵȻҲϲ⣬ʳƷ˾ǻױƷ˾ֻΪ׬Ǯȥ
ɲѧȴϲһѧƣ۹ʱ̫⣬һĲѧʦ
ֻһֱûôóѧȴ͵ǰȻ
֮ҲûзԲѧռ˺ܶоݲϣһܹ֮Ʒá
߼ǱѾһ͵ڶϹ˾¢ϵĲˣȻҪѣȴҪһԡϵ˵
˾޷չص㻹ռԭϣûԴԴϵԭϹȻûа취ںгҪĸֻסȲϡ
ΪսṩûҲΪṩʻŷܽ˾ҪԭϴԷ廹ǱȽŵġ
Ц뵽һսҲһֱͣٵһǵŵ(qng)ܻ÷չܶัҵܽսš


1475.1475 Ƕ

1475 Ƕ
ǵģ硢廹ڵĿǽһӴսš
ǿսΪװʵҲͲµһǵȥռĵ͵
Ƚƻоֱսӿ
Ц˵ԭϿսṩ⣬Ժ߻ԴԴϵΪṩ׵ĲϣΪṩĲϣȥ֮ŲϹ˾վȽŸˡ
Ԫسɹ뵽aܻĲϾǱزٵĹؼһ׹˾Ὣ´ȥ׹˾Ҫ۵Ĺ˾϶ܴӶֲȤ
׬һʡ
Ц˵е֮ǰ칫¥Ϲ˾Ҳá
ֻΪһһ׵Ĳϲѣԭ滨߼߹ϵҲ򵽣Ҫֲϵ¢ϣԭϾͱȽϼˡ
Ц˵»Ҫͷ塣
ʵڲǲŻȥѰĸæֻԼ㶨(qng)ǻǲϣŶԷ
ͷ£Ҫǿо͸Ͽעṫ˾֮󷽱ӵ
ԽԼҷܽԭϵ⡣
ţһȥҷ翴Ϲ˾սӴ
²ϵĸĽȻԻطϢ
һʱûеܣڹ˾λʦ̽췽
ź룬ǲŷʦԭ׷ĸ֣ܶණǶûĥ͸ʦþѾȫڻͨˡ
ֻǲ֪֪ʶôţҲôţˡ
һܵʱǶ׵ˮ׼˺ܴĹۣҲöԾ΢ôһġ
Ͳϲûнӵǵ룬Ҳ˶ڵſǵЦ
Щ˲֪Ѿ˰æͲϣֻǶԼûģѾˡ
ܴʦһڹ˾ӵ緢һǺܿͻΪʤߵ̬ʱĹ¥¹һҫĳ輸ʱŭ
Щ˵ǲǰҫʵ̫ʢ±ߡ
⣬ʦֱ
Ц˵ʲôģվԽߣʱͻˤԽңǶɡ
ʱٸǰߴߴᣬҾֱǺˣ
ȳ̬ãǰҪʵ̫ʦء


1476.1476 뿪

1476 뿪
ʦúã
輸һҲŭҲˣЩ˵ʦƣǲҡ
ʦþèһˬ
ҲҪˣȾ겻оʦһ٣ߺߣ
ĵǾЦʣʦãͲû𣿡
һһƺõͲϳϡ
ΧϸоԽԽϲ(i)
ҲûʱˣȻǿԣҲ㾭顣ŸĲЩź˵
ջ᲻ʧܣ׼ǺܳˣǲϻǷϡ
ͷǰϧԭ׼ʱͲ࣬Ϊǣû취ȳԡ
Щ˾ǹⲻġ
ֻҪгɹģǾһγɹ̬ƽ˵
ʱˣҲѾ׽ĥ͸Ͳϳ͸
ܿ죬һξ͵˻׾ǰһ졣
һ磬˾ͱϽе˹䡣
ȥʱѾ档
ЦŶ֣
ʦãߵԱ¡
Ҳʼ˵£һ½Ļ׹˾ǹȥ⼸ҲȥһǺǱнȥĻ״ʦͻʦҲȽϺгҸؼȨơ
ͬǵ룬ǵǶͬߣһȥύǳʡ
֣ǣͷҵȻҪʦˣ
ʦǳ嶯()ӣƱȥúÿ忪Ļ׹˾ˣҲ˲١
Ҳ̬ʦߵǾ͸
ʦǽȥְʣΪʲôȾȥ
ϿԼͽܣ˵ǱȽʵɾ˼̫ˡ
֪СͽһԼ⡣
ҲûʧЦŽ͵ʦ֣ȥύǳʣǹ˾߲㻹Ļ״ʦܶһִǾǶԻ׾ûаա
ǻΪʦ¾˶Ҫ뿪
ʦԸ߲ʮֻԾͷһϴʯԲвͣ𡣡
ʦ֮ǰ뿪Ϊ()ָ˲Żģĸ߲ȴҲỳʦ᲻ᷢӰ˽ķӡ
ۺ϶෽أʦǿ߲Ӧû£ʦְ̬ǿӲ㣬Ǿͻ׼ˡ


1477.1477 ôţ

1477 ôţ
˵ó輸ЩᣬϾʦΪһ׹˾ٹ׵ġ
Щʣͽȥύǳʣʲôϵأ
ȻйϵˣǿʧߣҪΪӱܣûڵһ׹˾ʱ߲͹ͷ£ҲʦļֵûйͷǴͬĿ()Ҳͺܴ󡣡
漴һתҪǵȻ׾Ҫ潫ԪںϵܻɹǶ׽綼һشͻơ
Եһ׹˾˵Ƿǳģпһμ£߿ɾûôˣǾԲٷˡ
һҪߵĻƱصøС۲УҪھǰȥְ˱ȡЦһ죬Ⱦ֮Ȼܷתˡ
輸Ҳ˲˼ЩΣôʦõģôƶ׾ǻӮôţ
ô붼Ҫˣÿ˵Ļʦõźͻ()ʦǾͷӡ
ǵķҪɹˣ֮ǰʦ˵Ļпܳ棬˾ĸָ߲ᷴ£ȴԴҡڵ˦ˡ
Ȼ()С;ˬҲɵǴ˵㼦Ѫһƴˣ
ãǽһְɡ
ʵֻǸģԹ˾˵ʧȴҲʲôֻʦְЩ鷳
οĵͷô˵̳ļͽƷжǲġ
ǵĴǳʴңȥ˾߲칫һˡҪְûôˡ
ãͷ
˵ʦ֮ǰύְ鷳æûɣǾ¡
ʱ²һͨˣҪְ뿪Ͳˡ
ˣҵޱѰҲҪһߡ䡣
ȻҲ뵽㣺ãһһ׵ġ
ܿȥ¥ϣСʱŴϴһָӵ(qng)Щʹġ
ʦˣһ˾˹䡣
ϵͷѾˣͬǴְΨһҪǵȾſ뿪
ż̵ַ˵˵˵ȥΪͷһ·
̾˿ҲգҲߵĸġ
ȥְȷʵȵˣ֮ǰ˵ģһᣬļ¾ͬˡ
ѾҪֹͷһ׼
2130~~


1478.1478 һ

1478 һ
ùʧǹ˾߲ͬĴְǾ뿪Ҫǳɾ͹ͷһ
ڹ˾ô꣬ҲٹףǺģҲãߵľûκˣ
Ϳ˵һ׹˾ı׶ˣʦδһ¡
һֱ(r)ԵľǻԶЩĶǣ˵лΪssĻʦءʦڻϵ̻츳Ҳȱϣġ
ԭѾµģ⻰˲ɺܶ࣬¶ͰЦݡ
˵ĲﹴĶǣҪʵһЩпյķᱻѹţ뿪˸ã
ѡĹ˾(ͦͦ)ãڲΧϲġ
ڹĶǵˣǸϲоĵط
Ц˵ʦϲͺã
˵ְ(qng)϶Լ˵ǻ׾Ǻú÷ӣʦĸ
˶㶣Ȼû뵽ʦôš
ǵҪֻ߲ʦʦ
˵ʦῴǵĵģûжԼ˵СͽܵĻˮ׼
ʧЦʦûδһ˾֮ǰѾaܻףȫǶ֣Զ죬ǲõġ
˶׷׵ɴ۾ԭʦôa״ʦˡ
ʦãصɵˡ
ǰ춼ĵʱҪ޷aᶪʦû뵽ˡ
ʦãҲ̫ˣ
ЦãΪͲµˡ
˭˾Ȼ֪
ˣ˭뵽ʦòŽ˾ôᣬôaĻ״ʦ֮ǰ빫˾û͸¶֣²ǱôΪְġ
˵ǣʦ⣬˾û˭뵽ʦõĻˮ׼ôߡ
˵ǸĺϢʦڣľֶ˼ġ
ʦãͿˣ˹֡
ⷽ沢ûǫããʦǾͿҵİɡ
ʱҲҪǵİæʱصҪڽԪ׵Ĳװʲô̫˷ʱ;Ҫλʦָ㶨ˡ
ǵȻʦôһ˷׷׵ͷ
ˣɱʦaĻ״ʦҲǸܵϢ
οҲ˵ǻӮأϣȽã


1479.1479 ͷˣҪΣ

1479 ͷˣҪΣ
ڶһ磬Ͼʹһ˳ǰ
()Ϊ֣ޱѰҲ()ߡ
۹ûԳǼ⣬˻֪
ȻһģȽ֮ҲѯˣûԸһ뿪ģеŹȥ
Ҳͼ̸׵
ڷŹ˾µμӾĶ鶼ᱻһ
βμӾĳ˹ܴʦ͹ŴʦһģλʦҲͽܲμӡ
˾ûΪϴְϿϾô˿ţǶҲֵһ顣
Ļ׾ǹ˾Ƚ(r)ֵ(qng)˹˾ֻҪûмµˣ(yn)ǰۿ
ǵʱǰĹϯѾ˲ۿĹ˾Ա
ܿ죬½
Լʮңͷһ˲Ƶ˽
ƲƲ죬浱Լѹء
Ҳ²۵ǣ⻹ûõһأʹŵһķˡ
˵СڳвߣȻ˶
˶׷¶Ϸɫ
ͷһҲкüߣ˵ĶԻɫ䡣
ߣ·()ʱٴһֱӲмһ
ֻǲͱסˣüʲô˵˭Ƿأ
ԭЩ˵ģѾλʦַŵԼһȻݲñ()ıӡ
˫ûа컣̲סЩ
ͻȻĪľȫ()ۣ춼û˵
()վŵüͷȫ()ͷſѹȥСѣʦܲһʲô˼
ɢڳĲ˶˱ɫʮһߡ
֮ǰʮߣҶ֪û뵽ֽˡ
ҿϷĿ֪ʮĸСܲܿס
ϾһȼǾСҪԿˡ
ﶼЩΣʦάǿҪ۸ˣ׼ܲ˵ĳȥ()ߡ
˭֪ȴЦ·һ㶼͵ѹȣɵȻŵĵȻλʦֵǸǰȥ
̫ˣû뵽ѾͷôͷųѹˣȻôš
Ѿʮ۷ܣʮһ˵ûκвЦݸãͷˣҪΣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1480.1480 

1480 
֮ǰ˵ſ񣬽(r)һȻˡ
Աɫ׵ʦܣɫѿһ̫ˡ
²ƣһҪ
ÿĿһ˵
üٵǸҾÿ
ҽ֪һɽһɽߣҪʰˣֻһֱûлᣬǸᡣ
ʦù˾˲
ǽɣ֮ǰʦܶҲڹ˾͡
˵Ҳ˵()Ϲγһҵ쫷磬ֱֱĳϯȥ
ʦãСģϺͳ輸˼״
վδ˾ͼ쫷罫֡
̲סŵüг
ڴΪᱻ쫷ʱֻԭ͵쫷羹Ȼһɢˡ
ֵһɷƵվţ·û˵ͷûңȥ͸ղ쫷δ֮ǰһģһ
˶׷¶˾ޱȵɫǿʮһ쫷磬ֹιȻ¶ûУСôģ
˵ڳˣͶһŵģôܣ
ЦЦΪʲôͲܣʦһĲˣ
˵ĴУһԾһš
()ΪʮһȻˣԼʵţһ˵
ղܵվŽסܣҲ
һᵽ()ڡ
˲һһã
ȴѾˣ˵ɳȥص˱ǽϣһѪ˳Ȼڵϡ
û뵽һŻôأǧ()ϣ޷ܿ֡
ƲƲ죬治ʦֵܣһķϣ
͵ܵȼǸߣҲߣûʲôս飬ܼܸǻǿƽ˻УԸͲһ
Ǹ𣿲ĻֻܶˣźĴ()ƿĿ⣬һֲĿ١
·͵ŶԷǸȻһ
ٺ޲ھιȥرԼһ⣬ղΪʲôҪ(())
ܴʦ˺ڣ׼ֹȴһԳ˵ǸˣԲ𣡡
ùܴʦڣɫԭҪߵѹɱһɱͷһƣ˭뷴Է
ӣһ߷ɣһ((Ʊ))ŵǸʱ޲ֱιȥ


1481.1481 ɱ

1481 ɱ
յԼʦĶŭ䲻ĵۣҲû취ֻĵͷ
ѾˣǸܱȻҪǿ
Ҳϴĥˣھϻ֤Լء
Ŵʦͽǲ̫ˣܴʦʡ
ȴЦЦͽܲŹְɣһԲϾͷʮһ쫷۸ͽܣϲݵľȻһңȻʦͽ
ܴʦû뵽ͷˣڵ˭۸˭㣡
ʲô㣿к҆µʱ䣬ȥıͽܡ
һ˵ȶֵģҼֻˡ
ǲͻϣͽǲô۸ġȻҰ˵㣬ȴúܺãܱԼ
һĦȭЦ˵ûϣ鷳Ҫһϰɣ
ܴʦ޲ȥȥֵͣ()
ټ״סʦڲúǶʲôĿǻ׵ľ
Ҫǻƽ϶Ҫһȴң²ʦֵ³
ܴʦҲֻ̨ܽ£˵öԣ
ǻϼ°ɡζĿŹϺ˵
ʼ磺ⲻǷϻֲǱ䳡Ȼǻϼˣ
˵Ĳ˵ЦŶ֣Ϣᣬһף
һ֮ǰ⣬ɵ˵()ԣõʦ
һĻҲúܶ˿ˣСתСҲ̫ˣҪǺΥ͸С
ǱҲʦܷ()ڴʹ˲ǵѪ˹
Ŀ()ĿһᾺɱޣ
̧̧°ͣ仰㣡
ˣҸղһſûжأȫȫ׵ģһҪǳʲô⣬ɱң߾û䣬װˡ
ԽԽпܣУù˾ҽɣҿɲ뱻ϣ
ͬ޲ûȥҿ˵Ŀ⣬ֺģѾͷ˵û˵ư͡
м㣬οô䣿һ
Уҽ°ɣҼαӿɶˣ˵Ͳ
˵Ͳ᣿ղŻ˵ҪҼһһɽһɽأҲû˸ۣһ˵
ۣ֪˭̲סһ¾Ц˳


1482.1482 Ҳ̫˰

1482 Ҳ̫˰
輸Ҳ̲סЦʦ˵̫ˡ
һղŻûľô죬ʦ䣡
ŻʮӲſʼ㻹ǿɣʡʦá
ǣ㲻ǲİ˵
ϯҲ壬ǰܴʦͿɣһҲðľ
ϸֱӣһ绰ҽ
ѪˣѾͷרųʹȰһҪÿ
ҽܿˣͲò˼顣
Ҫ()ڻЩۣҲ±Ѿͷ߻()壬һ׵ʱ;ϣԼҲЩ
ܴʦûֹȻҲͬ뷨
ܿͳˣֻ˵ƤˣԱκӰ죬ܴʦһ˲˿
ѧˣû˭ٲ۾ȥǹһˣٳˡ
Ǳ׷һ첽ߵǾλϡ
ЦһȺ˻
Ѿְɹĳ輸˸ߺʦ䣡
ܴʦһٴκ˺ڣ˦ˣûȥˡ
ܿ죬һ׹˾ĸ߹ܴһĴ˽ֻڣ()߻źüˣŴ׹˾ˣ˼塣
һ׹˾ĸ߹ϴһΣҲ֮ǰһĻѾˣֻǸղŲó
üҲһ飬ǻѾͷǹ˾ˡ
ԭЩ˹ۿΪ˰ܴʦһҲЩ˿ְĹŴʦʵûôļֵҲ
˭뵽ŴʦһƣͻȻЩڽ첻׹˾˹ۿġ
һǰŵλãһζĿ·
ܴʦ͹ŴʦҲֱߵǰŵλ£ǲμӾġ
ԼʮӺ󣬹˾һ߹վ
ǹ˾Ļ׾һĸμӣλʦͽܡ
¾򣬲ϡȿԱҲɹ˾ṩֳеģװɸɡ
Ļ׵ȼҪaҪд⣬ûǿҪɷӼɡ
ʱΪʮСʱڿʼɣ
󣬸Ϳʼæµ
ĸ鶼ʦӷĹоܿǵķֹòǣĸʦص㸺װ
ʦҶ⣬ɶǹһʦȴ˾˾Щš
((co)co)Ҳ̫˰ɣѾˣ
21~~


1483.1483 ô

1483 ô
һ׹˾ĸ߲״ٶҡҡͷҲ̫()ˡ
ҲǶλ׾ûϣ˾öŻǰְɡ
һԹѡ񶼱ʾ⣬Ҳöڹ˾
ڶ׹˾һ߲Ц֮ǰ˵Ϻܳ(i)յСͽܣһǡ
׹˾ĸ߲Ц˵ǰôҪľȻһеͽ죬ϻǷġ
ԭΪ߰ء䡣
ڶ˾߲˵ιϵλͽҪԪ뵽ܻεľҪΪ죬Ҳѹֻ((co)co)ˡ
˾ĸ߲ʧЦҲ̫쿪ˣδ̫ͽˣȻ
Ǻݣô()ӣԹܴʦһ˵־ͳ֡һ߲Ц
⻰û˵ʲôĬˡ
ȴ˵ܸǾϲأŹȻͽܣȴͽ
Ѿһ˶ڵ˾ľ֮ȻҪˡ
Ѳɾ쿪ķܳɹڶ׹˾ĸ߲Ц
֮ǰһֱ˽ڹϣͨ(qng)ȴˡ
϶ͽ̫裬ͽֱȽϰԵȥ˹˾ָ¡
һ̹ȻЦЦûгǰǲҪ¶Ϊã
ҲôΪҪִżǸν뷽Ҷ϶Ǳ䡣ڶ˾߲ᶨ˵
˾߲Ҳ׷ͬһ׹˾ĸ߲Ҳһ
ʵҲȷôЦҲúЩ˱粵
뵽״̬еľͷŵ˲ϡ
ѾĸóȻһһ()ǿһЩ()Ԫء
ԪǷȥģһֲȡġ
ĸ߲㲻ǻ״ʦҲҵȻܿóڸʲô
һҡͷѾͷôˡ
ɹԪسɹ뵽ײǲûжྪȡ
ںϳɹʲôûƥںϵϲɹ
ܿ콫׵Ȼֿʼ׵ԴУԼ·׵̨ܿȡ
ٶȺܿ죬׵ǣʦһ롣
Դеʱ򣬶Էǡ


1484.1484 

1484 
ٶȲ죬ܸߡ
ϤĽ׿̨꣬趨׵ĳҲʱҪĹǱߵ˻δװ
Ҳڳ˶˾
ˮ׼ӦѾﵽa˰
ڶ׹˾ĸ߲̲סŹʣλСͽa״ʦ
ϴеĽЦݣǰڽ˾ǰСѾͷѾa״ʦˣƽҲûôģʱܳȥ棬βμӻ׾¡
һ˳˳ǣҫ
ʲôƽײģʱܳȥ棬ȻܳΪa״ʦ츳Ǻţˣ
Ȼǲŵģ뷨ȴĹ˲١
ƽһ࣬Ȼһ֡
˭뵽λСͽܣȻѾﵽa
һ׹˾ĸ߲ǣɫЩ̫ÿ˾ϰ࣬ȻûеǼa״ʦˮ׼
Ҫ֪ôaôҲӲ١
ǲɵ˼ѵְΪ˾ͽܲôӵԵʣ
崽ߵЦȻûʧ
Ļںʧܣa״ʦϢ㾢ģϾͰţ׵ǻʦеˡ
żλʦװȻٶȻһϣȴûȥǾĵȴ
ȻҲѾǰڵ죬Ҳܿaʦʵһɫ˱䡣
رͺ٣ɫԿѿݡ
ԼֹһСʱ˽ȫװϡ
Ҳ԰װϣװ⣬Է׷Լ
Σһ
ҲûѣϾĻҲǵһγ죬һỹýԪء
ʦãͿˣõģӮǶվߡ()Ϊʦ֣ȳο
Ҳ׷׿ڱʾͬ˼͡
Ц˵ʦǷģһɹģ
мƲƲЦôţ˵һɹ
˼оԺĶʦ˵ֻأʧˣǿôޡ
ٵ˿϶ҪڷˣֻȴӲסˣȥùͷŮ˷ˡ


1485.1485 Ȼɹ

1485 Ȼɹ
()ȫŵϣװڻ̨ͬ·
ΪȽʡ£·ӵȶɵġ
ȻҲҪ״ʦĻϤһӴ·Ҳͷˡ
·ԴС̨ҲŽ˻
óԪزϣܺ˫뵽ͻһ塣
רע£ۿϯϵĿⶼϡ
ԪںǲϳɹҲɹˣһ壬ٴôҾˡ
һʵѾǺˣоԺǱߵĴʦǣſʼоĿʱʱΪԪųɱը
Ǹϵš
ô츳Ļ״ʦûУԴһס
ܴʦɫɣԽԽѿٳɹôлײС
ϵĿһۣǵȻ㾡ܿžͺá
((co)co)ͽܵľԼͽܣڲ̨أҲ̫ˡżֳ˵
㣡ܴʦһҭֺ˺ڣԼͽܷȻѾͷٶȶ硣
Ҫ䣬ͻȻ˾쿴׼ˣ
ܴʦҲ̲ס̨¿˹ȥ
ȻѾȫװϵʼ׵ĳ
͵ſ޷У߲޷Ԫرը
һ˾ߵĸ߲㣬Ҳͬ뷨İȫϵͳҪǵȻױըͲ鷳
Ƕûеױը׺ܿϣ۾˽ȥ
ϴʱŲѣͽȻǺεģɴȥ׳ʲô⣬Ҳᱻ
ܿ죬ӻﴫaܻɣԣ
һ׹˾ĸ߲״һء
ܿ죬һܱյĴ͸ִ£֡
ų˼̨רڲԻ׵ܻˣǰճ볯ʻĻ׹ȥ
ɻδȼ£ʻĻ׾ͻһӰʧԭء
һ˾˼״ַʮ̨Ի˽ȥ
ٶȺÿ죡һ߲ɴ۾˵
쿴Ԫأһ߲㾪
ҾͼʻĻײܿ˹Ļˣ׵˫־˺ܶ࣬Ť黨
׵˫Ҳ̣׵޽ǶŤ·һһ㣬()͹ǳǿ
ֻһʱ䲻ԵĽʮֻaԻȫ̱
ڳ˶ĿɿڴˣһŲţɹˣȻɹˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1486.1486 Ҳ̫

1486 Ҳ̫
רԵaˣǻǷǷaܻġ
ֻܹԿƣսʱûлսʿͨҲл((co)co)
ʮֻˣһӲ̱ˣҲͨaܻף޷(qng)
ֻ˵һ㣬ܻ׺ǿӽs׵ˡ
ҪǼʻ׼ǳõĻսʿʻһܻףսһһʻsܵĻսʿ˵ӮĿܡ
һӲͺɨʱ̫ˣǾӦûĹܡ
ϿʻŻ״Ӳڿյϼʻ׶˺ܶͨaܻף޷ĸѶȶ
ҲܻףͶȲһĸߡ
¶ֽɫıͽܹȻûʧ
һѻ׼ʻҲڳ˶ˡ
̲סʿ˵ԭʦòֵֻߣ׼ʻҲôţ氡
ǻʦȻʻףɱͨսʿҪһЩ˵ܹż˧˵ʦᲢۡ
ʦú˧ðǡ
ǵһμ˭ܽ׼ʻôſᣬȾսĸ߼սʿ϶Ҳ
ʦûһ˰̾
Ц˵ֻһˣʦ׵أ
һa״ʦˮ׼ڶоʦǶ޷ɹܻףʻ׵ļսսʿߡ
ʦ̫ţˣ̲סĴָ
˵ļޣͺٵǴһţžĵļʲʡ
ôܣѾͷֻa״ʦܻףôģ
Ľٱȥ֪ڻ׽Ҫˡ
ԭҪŹһλ˭뷴ȫҧгʹ޲ѵѾͷ̫ƽˣ
ܴʦһɫѿ˼㣬һλ״ʦɫҲÿǵͽѾ޷оˡ
ʵݺݵǣھaܺ˼ҵܻױ
ԲܣղŵĲԼżĺܳס
ǣ˼Ҳֻɹ񻰣׵ٶҲҪϺܶ࣬ˮ׼ƷʻߣҲ̫ˣ


1487.1487 ̫

1487 ̫
ϯϿĹ˾ԱһҲˣе͵͵ն¼ʻżƵ
찡СþȻܻףţ
̫ˣô״ʦûгɹȴɹˡ
츳ֱˣôôأ
ţ((Ʊ))Ҿʻ׵ģ̫˧ˣ
һ쵢˵Ļսʿ
̫ͬˣҪǸСսʮ**ҲܺɨһƬ
ܴʦûߣ˼СѾˣҪǼʻϣǲҪˣ
ˣҵСã
ǵһ׹˾ģǹ˾Ҫˣ
϶ģܻףԻ׽˵һĸ£Сöȥרˣָоء
˾ǧñǽŰСܳΪǵһ˾Ľƣ
ԶԣСĻ״ʦΪ٣
һԱںۣûйԽ˵Խ
˵Խ࣬һŵĵһ׹˾߲ԽԽ
ҪǻŪôƺսǾѾćNɪˡ
ôĶǵһ׹˾Ա
һɵｫٺ͹ܴʦһһ飬²ˣǸʲôԵģһaĻ״ʦǾȻ˼˳ְͨ(ƨp)
ںˣְͱϳɾˣҲʼնǵһ˾Ա
Щ߲Ҫץˣһ㶼˲
һŲȰ취ôҪ취Ϻڹ˾У
ڶ׹˾ۿĸ߲ǣһȻЦݣɿȥȴҪжǿжǿ
رǵڶ׹˾֮ǰرᶨ˵Ҫĸ߲㣬ʱҸطȥˣ̫죬ȫ⧲
ϲˣû뵽ǵһ׹˾ܹôһ
ǰҶĽѣ
ǲصĻôһڲŷų
ѹֽ׾ԭҪ֤һϵ漣
˾ĸ߲ǣ׷׶ŵһ׹˾ĸ߲ޣһĽʺ޵
һ׹˾ĸ߲ǿгЦݣ˵˵λˣ
һڶ׹˾ĸ߲㣬еĲԾ
ǹʣҪǹ˾ĴʦôŵˣҪЦˣλôȥôأ


1488.1488 ʲ

1488 ʲ
Ҫǻǹ˾Ļ״ʦܻھüЦҫˡ
һ׹˾⼸˱ֲ
Ҳ˲ԾǰЦҲ̫ǿˡ
ôôһŻˣҪǲϲĴʦǹ˾ɡ׹˾ĸ߲㼱æ˵
Ҫܹڻȥǹ˾۶ֵõġ
ôһ˵˾ĸ߲ҲӦ˹˼
׷ױʾҪǵһ׹˾ûȤȫԽհ
ֻô˵ҲҪؽǽԵĴ㡣
һ˾ĸ߲ʱҲ޲ιȥˣͲᱻҵļһЩ
ǳӶˣôͷԷ(r)Щ쵰׾
ֱ͵ʴס
Ǹ׼ЦŽԲȥȴˡ
ͽܲǵһ׹˾ԱȻҲûôˣ
֮ǰ˾ôģ۸ͽȻҲŹǼ˵Ļᡣ
ʲôĴʦǵһ׹˾ˣ׹˾ĸ߲㶼׷׾Ȳѡ
Ϊʲôʡ
ϵЦ˵ͽܲ˾²Ǳ˵ûзֹ˾ְ֤룬޷
ֱ˽۸ΣҾͽְ볷ˣʼն㲻ǵһ׹˾Ļ״ʦ
ͽӦǾ仰(i)ʲ
⻰һ˵һ׹˾ĸ߲⣬ĸ߲ж˾ϲ֮ɫ
̫ˣ
Ĵʦǹ˾ɣǹ˾Ļ״ʦ
ǹ˾ԼҪ󣬹˾˵϶Զš
ǹ˾
Щ̲סŵһ׹˾߲ǽǡ
ͬʱҲ²ۣһ׹˾ЩһӻˣôһŵĻ״ʦȻְ˼ҹôģ
ǵһη֣ԭһ׹˾ĸ߲ô
ĺãôǽŵĻأ
һ׹˾ѾҵǿˣȻϣԷ绢һܹܻ׵
Լҹ˾ʵڲҲֳһ׹˾֥鶪ϣð
Խһ׹˾ĸ߲ɫ˵ͬʱѿѡ
û뵽ϻᵱڽҴһ㣬ѿͬʱҲԼ֮ǰӷ(r)ˣôͻùܴʦһгϢأ


1489.1489 λͲò

1489 λͲ((co)co)
Щ߲ǸٴκڣЩ²Ӵۿ
ȫԹ͹ϡٺú¡
ȫŪﻢ£ô
رǼһ׳յǣǶҪˣܲЩ쵰ȥ
⿴Ϸ˵ˣȻҪǽǵģ̫ˡ
һֻ߲վˣô˵Ҳǹ˾Ļ׾ˣλȻȥɡ
Щһﲻߣǻô͹¡
ȻЩƤΪǽǼҪƤ¡
ʲôǹ˾ɲǹ˾Ա
ǣ˺˺İ
ŴʦҪͽܵĲƽҾֱӴְۣ̫ˣ
Ȼô۸ôһţǿ벻̣
һߵĶԹһ˾ĸ߲õЩ쵰ɺ£ô̫ȱˡ
ϵٴЦЦ˵öԣѾְˣ
ְˣһڸ߲۾
ְð
͸ôְˣǹ˾ɣĻ״ʦǹ˾Իܵ߼Ĵκͽί
ǹ˾ݵ¹Ķʦǿ϶Ҫǹ˾ڶ׹˾ĸ߲ȫˣ֮ǰѾڹŴʦǽǵĴ㣬һˡ
˭ǴˣҪǰýŴʦߡ
ʦȥǹ˾ͽܲȥ
ܹ̳ôһţ((Ʊ))Ż״ʦϵļֵָˡ
Ǵҷ׷׿ʼõһ׹˾ĸ߲ҪȥҸɨ㽫Ǵȥ
ʲôдְĺã͸ôְˣǵ˵ֻ
ǲˣǺ͹ֻЩϵķ磬Ҫϸ̸̸ء
һ߲ǿƵ˵׾λ뿪ɣ
Ҳ˼ҵϾһ׹˾ͷϴҲ̫ˡ
Ц룬ϣҪȥǹ˾
ϣǹ˾ĴŻӭ㣡
ϣҪĴʦǳȥҲżŽȥļҹ˾ϢϢΪ
ЩҪŲߵļһһ׹˾ĸ߲ҪץˣѲҪ뱣ȫϣ
忴Щ˱ȻһԥҪǽ֮˵ĺϷ
վЦһϺĴʦȥλͲ((co)co)ˣ


1490.1490 Ѿˣ

1490 Ѿˣ
⻰һ½ҵעתƣ˷׷׿
ʲô˼Ѳһ½Ļ׹˾ҲҪŴʦȥ򣿡ڶ׹˾ĸ߲żֲζ˵
˾ĸ߲Ҳü岻һ¿Ļ׹˾ܺˣ˰ɡ
ϧʵôˣתľô죡
忡ŵЦҲҪŴʦȥ򣬶ϹŴʦԼļλͽܣͬǹ˾룬ȥǹ˾ϰࡣ
ʱޱȵңԼȼ֮ϴæʱ͹Ͽˡ
Ҳޱȵңܹʶôһλ;ϲĴʦ
ʲô
ɣ
ôܣ
ҵĵһӦǲźͲţǶ֪עһ»׹˾һЩ״ʦͻʦȥ
Щ˱ŴʦҪѷɫ٣ҪСܶ࣬ϾҵˮƽαȽϸߵĻ״ʦǼ˾ѱߡ
ǹŴʦ֣һҲΪԭ˾˺Ļڲõ(qng)ſְܴġ
ƾʲôڹŴʦ
忴ǲŵģúˬЩһŹˡ
ŴʦôͲǹ˾ǹ˾ụ̂ȴܱ֤˼ĹЩ޷׼ˣˣ
۵ϢǸղż͹նķϢ̶õģ岻ų¡
ԹϺȽء
Ҳ˻ȼͣϾЦվˣ˵ĲȷʵӦȥǹ˾ϰˡ
ôһ˵ڳĸ߲ǲҲˡ
Ҫûнô˵ıֺͳɹŴʦߣҲ͸̾һϧˡ
ȴоͱĸһܣüֻЦ滢̫()ˣȻͽȥˣҪģ
Ǻģ
ôĬĬȥء
һɫ̫ÿԼĲˬ
ЩỰĬĬˣѵĵȥҪȥڹŴʦˣֲԲС
˾ĸ߲һ׹˾ĸ߲㣬ˬĸһ۵ġ
ǧ㶼û뵽ϾȻְͬʱѾӦˡ
۾۰ɣ׼һɽݶܴʦ͹ŴʦڶҲ½˾档


1491.1491 Ͱ׻

1491 Ͱ׻
һ׹˾ںü߹ܵ£Ŵʦѡܴʦ
潫Ԫںϵܻɹһ͵Ļ׼оһֱ޷ɹĿ
Ա˵ģǾǽƣ᲻߰
һ߲̲סԹ˵Ŵʦ˾Щ߹ܶˣҪú̸̸˾һĴʦ
ڹ˾ô꣬ô˵Ҳи(qng)ȥ˾ʲôŶϤ಻ڣڹ˾ɡҪ֮(qng)֮
ɼȴ׼öԷ£⻰˵ģҷȥǹ˾۹Ŵʦͽܣ϶ڵһ׹˾ڡ
϶ʮ˵ܱ֤ûκ˻ǻ۸ǡ
Ĵʦ˵һ˾֮ǲתְ˽۸ǲء()бɲµһ׹˾ĸ߲㡣
㣡Ǹ߲õ˵ɼ壬ⲻҪļһﻹûа취˭˼ұվǵսء
ҲҼȻѾְǲܸʲôôı䣬λͲ÷ˡ
һϹͷʵһģܵίҲνȴ뿴ѹֲϲĻɳž뿪
˼ԣ۾ΪͽίˣԼίͽȴУôͽܡ
һ˾ĸִֵ߲֪()ӣôﰵķ̣һֺࡣ
ǵϴͽ£ȴҲ֪ǰְ϶뵽˽ᷢ£ˡ
ҲɵԹǹҪ²̨
ʱλʦߵ()ԡ
ǰŹϵ֣ʦ߰ɣ
ڵһ׹˾֮ܶ꣬ǰиָӲԹ(qng)Щ(qng)ȴһɢˡ
Цŵͷţ߰ɣ
һ׹˾׹˾ĵĸ߲ҪΧȴ˵ˡ
鷳ãعŴʦĴʦǵѡ񡣡
ƽĶŵļ壬е¶֮ɫڹŴʦѾҹ˾ϯ״ʦ˭ҪǸҶǶֻʲôõ˼ǾͱҺͼս˧ˡ
վսţȽӴװҪŴʦ޷ţͰ׻ˡ
м뵽()ıٲҲ˿ùϺ뿪
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~ǰף֣2020~~~


1492.1492 ȡЦһʱ

1492 ȡЦһʱ
˴ҡڵ߳˵һ׹˾()ϣůĴһ֮С
ת()˿Լ˶ĵطеĸӳɢȥ
״ʣʦﲻ𣿡
ʧЦûвᣬֻû뵽һ뿪ط
֮ǰﲻ߳ţŸеһĪɡǰοĸо
طҲࡣ
ûȥ˿ʦ԰ɵоˡ
ڵһ׹˾澭ʦĿǶԻˮ׼֣˷˲ٵʱ;
ۣŵʦоǲǿи氲Ŀ
ЦŵͷˣҲΪԼооˡ
ԴӳΪ״ʦҲһֱҪΪss״ʦıǰʱޣʱᱻ˹Ҳ綷һ(qng)ҲӰ죬ȴǸûᡣ
߰˳ǻȥ
ȻϵѾӦҪȥĹ˾ϰ࣬ҲܽȥǺúϢ졣
ɵˣһ׹˾վͲôˡ
彫Ŵʦ˱ǰߣ˵ǵһ׹˾ĸ߲㲻ˬ˾ĸ߲Ҳܲˬ
һһ׹˾ĸ߲Ŀ⣬ǿ׳ɵһ
ǣôһŽƶ涪
ӲĽ˶ѾõĻ״ʦ((Ʊ))߲˵ôҲһ((Ʊ))ߣ̫ˣ
˵ǹ˾ںѪҺǰţ(r)һǲòˡ
ͽŴʦĴʦˣйֱӽˡ
Ҳ˵ԹŴʦǿ˳ۣ˵Ҳǰȥˣ
˾ĸ߲һһ䣬ﰵﶼǶԵһ׹˾ķֻ̺
ȻǺܲˬˣȴܱȵһ׹˾ôá
ϾȻսţ½Ļ׹˾۵̻Ǽ˲ŶҪѷɫܶ࣬ǿľ߶㲻ϡ
ѵлῴһ׹˾Щ߲Цǲ̲ס˵һͨ
һ׹˾ĸ߲ζҪըˡ
Ϸ׷׶ŭɫͲֱ׾ѾλϷҲˣɣ
δҾûƤ£Цек뿪
㹻õһ׹˾ȡЦһʱˡ
һŻ״ʦҲǵһ׹˾۵㡣


1493.1493 һҹ

1493 һҹ
˾Χ۵ĸ߲뿪һ׹˾ĸ߲һҲɫ()Ļ¥ϡ
Ļ컹δɣﻹ(qng)ȥ
߲㶼ˣϸղű¶һ𾪵ĻʦҲûټо죬()Ҳټ
ܴʦʮ꣬û뵽ôתô㲻ͷص
ӽ쿪ʼ˾ĸ߲ǶһкܴԹ
ǺڣôҪ׾󷴳ȫ˹ͷ
찡Ȼʼնǹ˾ˣ²ְЩǲȫ
ôһžô˾ˣڹ˾ĸ߲Ҳ̫ˡ
ұһֱҲ磬Ҳߡ
Ϊ˹ܴʦһŴʦĴʦߣ˾Ǽ֥鶪ϰɡ
ͻȻǸղźɵ((Ʊ))һļԺ˾ܶôһŽƣɸ(qng)˼ҹ˾Ͳ⣬Ҫ˾ˡ
Ÿղ˾ֻ߲Ҹо÷̡
ˣ
ǰۿԱ̲סԹҲû˭²ְģȻǹ˾ԱҲġ
Ϊ(i)ͽܵĺʦҲֻܱȴְˡ
ԱﲻˬԸ߲ԹܴʦһĻ״ʦǡ²ĲܴЩ˾רϹ˾ȵġ
Ա̳Ҳˣȵһ˾³֪ºҲ̲ס
²Ĳְʹ֣ܴʦһĻʦȻûбϳͷȴҲ˶³ĺĸ˺ܶࡣ
³Ըϴ绰Ҫزȴˣֻù˾ĸ߹ܷ˾һ()Ӱ֮С
Ϊһ˾ĸ߹ܴ󣬲ôԱǰۿ˾ĸ߲㣬ܻ׵ϢڵһʱҲ˳ȥ
ܶ˻ţϾͳ˼Ƶǵһ˾Ա͵¼ġ
Ƶ׵ọ̈̄һʻżƵȻܿͱһ׹˾ĸ߲ѹȥԱϽɾȴҲܶתء
һҹ֮׵ıˣ
ȵһ˾ƺͺڣȴ()⡣
ֻϻ˴绰ѯǲģһ۹⣬ǰ˽˵һ׹˾һɵ̫Ư
սŵս˧Ҳ½˵绰۹ãʾ˹ϲͬʱҲϣ御쿪ܻ׵˼
˹ֻʣµ2030-21Ҽ~~


1494.1494 ܾ

1494 ܾ
ܻ׳ɹǻ׽һش()ͻơ
ΪƵȽϹע⣬˾Ļ״ʦǣҲ׷׹ע
оԺĴʦǣ֪º󶼲ɵùע
㿪תصƵǶˣǲģоôõ˵Ȼܿġ
ҲΪˣǲŻ𾪵֮ǰоõĳɹʧˣһĻʦоɹˣеˡ
оԺĻ״ʦǺֳܿɣһΪڴǵӦý״ʦɱһΪ츳̫ڣһ˲ţӦýڵоԺһ
Ϊһɵռݵıظ٣оԺɳ߹ҵ˹ϡ
춼ڼϢ
Լһҹ죬û̫⡣
ֻԴϱն˾ͣǽǵģ̽ѯܻ׵ġ
߻νҪǮңæһܻס
ʤİĺȫεö徻
ӵʦĵ绰ǿųȥʦס
źֳʦ⣬ӡ
˿񶼴Ŵӡ
ʦ߹ȥڹ()ߡ
϶ܵλоԺ߲㣬ġ
˵ĵһӡһ㣬ʣλ£
һ˿ڵϵƵǿˣҲ֤ͨʵܻףȥоԺ
ҲȽϵһָ߸ʩһĿζ·ܹоԺһ
üͷ˵Ҳ̫˲ϲˡ
ԭоԺ˹ҪģԱͽҲӦа
˭뵽Щ˲ֻǰͽǰҲ
ҡҡͷ˼Ѿ˹˾ԲȥоԺ
˸û뵽ܾ׷㶣ǲŵʣܾ
ԣҾܾư̬ϲҲ̬ȱ䵭
֪ܾʲô𣿡һЦ
˵ܾʲôһݹ𣿡
һݹ𣿡ʲôЦ
صǿǿоԺȽ״ʦĻо֮ء


1495.1495 ͬΪı

1495 ͬΪı
˵еЦ
ôоԺȽĻо֮أҾһҪ𣿡ʼ磬óں
ȿڵӱ̬ˣС᲻ҪΪɾ;ʱˣ̫԰Ը
ñ˵Լͽܣͬλ˵̵ģô뿪ɡ
ǰľоԺһֱţΪǻʦǵʥأ״ʦҲһء
ȴû뵽ĸ߲㾹ģɵúʧ
νоԺҲǾûйĶһקģʮ**ȥҲ˽ʲôġ
˻ǵһôԱȫûϵֻܾλǲôƵ۵sʦȻҲôӡ
ΪŪνܻ޵ˣ
ûþ޵ˡ
ŽԷĻʣǵ˼оԺŪ޵еģ
ư˵Ȼ˵޵ˣȴҲ˵ļ۷ǹǿġ
ΪɳԽ𣿡ٴʡ
Ӻԥ˵оһǿһҲ˵ǳԽľԼ
Щ˲԰ȵԸΪʲôҪأ
ǿ츳У˷˶ѡһʩģ
һ˲䣬һѡĻᣬ()ܹʲôģ˵ûáھܾôһӾͱٽоԺˣԶʧȥᡣ
ǵģΪΪԼŪһЩСɾͣȻ()̸ܹ
ǾоԺܹԶ룬ѾˣҪ̸ûš
вĲᣬôҾֻʧȥ˵ĻˣһǾܾ
վ()һƣֱͬΪıλ߲ͣ
㣡һҭ϶¶ߵɫ
ǰǻ״ʦŽԺ⻹ǵһ뱻ֱܾš
㲻һվ()ŭ
һҲվʶôǾͿνŽôȥܹʲôɾ͡
ߣȻҲ˵ʲôһ۾Ҵҵ뿪ˡ
ⷬΪùˣһǲ
ıΪ˳ʦαΪвվĵطˣҲԽԼ


1496.1496 

1496 
ԺǱȽĴڣΪ״ʦǵľʥأһҪĵط
ǰҲȽϺ棬лҪȡȥѧϰ¡
ɿ˽λ߹ʢˣ߸ϵģ̬ȣ˲оԺҲˡ
Щ˾Ƿʱ̫׾޵еĴڣܹ׵Ǿ죬ĻʦǵأʸȺۡ
ʵѾ޵еøоס۾
ص̾˿û뵽оԺֵС
ǰԼǴŹ⻷Ŀ⿴ЩˣĽӴ֮ŷ֣ˣ
أŲȥǵʲôоȥ˹Ʊڵһ׹˾
ձȻϣνţ((Ʊ))оӴѧϰĻ׼
˭뵽Էĸ߹ֵУ˾ܿоĴ״ʦʲôУĻԸȥ
Щ˵̬ȣȥҲӴЩġ
ȻҲΪѰĴڣΪѧϰȽ׼Ϊ˵ͼҲֻһн
ӵöѰ(to)ȡһЩas׵ϡ
ǼԼͽģȥҲãЩ̫ദˣ
ҾͲŲȥоԺ첻Լͽܵ츳š
ܻףԺ
Ц˵ʦʵѾܹbˡ
ϵɴ۾ѵĿģ
ģȻδԹҾû⣡ǰݣεһûгԹȴҲɹˡ
϶Ļû˿ɣ̫ˣ
㲻ȥһԺǶԵģȥ˵Լءӯˡ
һľܹѧϰԼûʵ֣ͽʵҲһ
ЦŽһϷܽϣʦϸо꣬Ҳġ
һʦȥоɣٺ˵
֮ǰλʦֲԭһܡ
СĵĽӹˣ
ܾͽܵĺ⣬һ׹˾оԺôѾʧȥĶ־ٴ
ͷsĻ״ʦЩ˿Բӣ۸ͽܣôҪǳΪssĻ״ʦЩ˻
ҿ϶ԾͲˣҲĿŵʩ̬ȡ
Ϊ˻ͽܣͽԺ󶼲۸ƴˣ


1497.1497 Ҫ߸ǿ

1497 Ҫ߸ǿ
оԺ˻ȥ֮󣬽ֱӾܾĽ˵һ顣
ĸ߲ͻ״ʦţ˻ܾоԺ룬ǲӻˣ̫԰ȡ
ǾϾùȥ
ߣоܻףʲôõģܻ׵׵һȰˣϡ
ڵСᶼ̫԰ˣһ㶼ԼҲãʡôоԺķ
ԭǿ츳ϧˣȻôʶȤǾˡ
Ǿͷɱɣ顣
УôʶôҲԸѷĺȸһκˡ
ʵҲǵĽڰˣǵǣһ漰׷ļֻ(yn)оԺӵУϣ˾оɹ
ʵоԺҪĿģ뼼й¶ȥҲҪļϣ乱׳о
ֻǶûԤϵܾǾֻвȡɱˣ׽綼첻ȥ
νķɱҲоԺĻ׹˾оǲҪ乤Ҫṩ׷ĸߵȼ
Ҫļҹ˾оǾͽṩκμ
ôһɱû׹˾оĸ߲Ƿ׷ˡ
ԼԼ֪ôʶôܾоԺ롣
ʵ޷ֻҪǻ״ʦҪоԺ˵ĹʶΪʲôҪô԰ľܾ
ںˣŪñɱҲڻ׽첻ȥ
ϧ˱ƽ˾ûãֻ
Ȼӵһ׹˾뿪ˣɺ֪ܿоԺһɱȥһͨˡ
ҲЩΪȥԺϰ࣬ԷҪɱԼ
ܿͨ˹ؼоǷ̡
ЩǳļģܾòͷɱҪǲϣ﷽ļȥ
Ȱ˵ʦҪˣҪǼ
Ҳѹô׹˾޷оףԭôġ
⻰Ҳһ·Ӧ˹޳ܣ̫޳ˣ
ǾҪ¢ϰѹǰҲɱ׷źʹоԺĻ״ʦԭԭ򡣡϶Ժӡȫ
Ц˭ϡԺһ
㲻ڻ׽죬Ҳȥҽҩ졣
ԽǱѹɱԽܼĶ־ϲսѶȣԷԽǲϣԶҪ߸ǿ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~Ԫ~~


1498.1498 ֻѡ

1498 ֻѡ
ģ˿
оԺͻȻôһɱͽܵģıͽܹȻǿġ
ϻǶ˼ֵģоԺ˷ɱԵл׹˾оҲ֪ǻʲôӦ
Ļ׹˾ȻսţоԺȴĸսϾ˭ҪףͶǵ;
ǲֻƿ׼űȽ϶ܻ׼ǰһ׹˾Ҫʱʱȥġ
¼嶥סѹȻͽܣĻҵûͽܵ()֮ˡ
ҲȷôѡЦŰʦõģ(qng)ҲÿԼĳ
ҪǼоԺѹǸĲܽȥϰ࣬Ҳǿ󣬵֮ȴҲй
ҪǼ嶥Ǳߵѹ֮ǰĳŵ빫˾Ὣļó˾׳ȥ
Ľֻѡˡ
ҪѡĻʱ뿪׽磬aϵٸ
ҲȽͬͽܵ˼ȻЩѣҲܿһЩˡ
ͽܵ()ݣ㣬ʵڲоʱȥҵˡ
ѡҲٽԷ˾
һ߼ҲӵоԺķɱ
ʱҸӳԷɱɫ˲˱䡣
ս˧ټλ˸ĵʣ磬ʲôˣ
һص˵оԺղŷһȫҵķɱġ
ԭͷԷ͵̧ͷʲôΪʲôҪзɱ
ص˵ȥоԺȴ(qng)ľܾˣҲŭоԺĸ߲㡣
ȻоԺǱ߹ģŷɱ׹˾߲ȺСϢ
覽ϣһ߷߲ƽΪʲôܾܾȻͷɱҲ̫˰ɡ
̾˿ΪҵͷϴΪƿűȽ϶ļǰ˾ͻʦ
ҲüвҪ˭Ժǽṩκμ
ôоԺһôԵ׹˾оҲû취
ЩһеôŻ˻ᷴǡ


1499.1499 ˾˺

1499 ˾˺
覵ɫ˲ѿѡ
治һİԵ
ŵĵĿż壬˾ˣ᲻鷳
㲻Ѿڵ˾ϰ㲻ҲҪоԺǱߵķɱɣ
ȼشһ˵ҪĻһῴģ˾ˣ
ΣһҪ㿴𣿡
ս˧ʣ÷ô
ս˧ֽƵĲ˲죬ȻоԺвÿǰԵķɱȫһЭŵԽԽԵ
ҪǵвҲΥĳŵڳôڻ׽죿
˵û£ǹ˾۶Ļ׼𣿡
ЦЦĿŴ˸磬Ѿ˾ϣ
ʧЦĶ˵ˡ
˾˵˼ǣҪĻ׹˾𣿡һϲ
ףȻصľǳţ֮ǰȻŵȻᷴڡ
ԺԼ̫ҪˣԴӾҪ׹˾ûҪǹҲܽĵĶ⼼ۡ
ֺαΪĿأĻ츳ǲʺǹ˾ġ
Ҳһľϲһ¹˾û۵ĲƷܻ׾һƣΪʲôҪΪоԺⷢɱͷҵӻûôС
תҪĻһ㣬㣬ݶ(qng)ǶҪסжҪΪѹڡ
ҪȻ˵ñȽɣɱϾоԺҲһɽҪԺܶ⣬źܶѹС
Է׹˾żǣòϹ˾Ҫṩϵȵȡ
صľǳŵ(qng)꣬ѹҲᶥţ̫Բˡ
覵ͷ˾˵öԣǸܶڡ
ս˧ȴ˽ԼҴ˸Ѵѹѹѿ϶Уѡ񲻻ġ
ҲܿоԺְ磬ùܣɶӵľ˾Ͳܲܡ
ҪǸѹ̫һƷ߶оԺʩѹġ
оԺܶౣ϶սţرһЩǳ߼ϡеĲϣֻĴսŲѰṩ
ȻʱҪӭоԺȴҲԼһ˾˺ɡ


1500.1500 ƣ

1500 ƣ
оԺ߸սṩļbףaΪϺԪصԼһҲ첻ܡ
ս˧ѾĻףоսӦǸĿǰоԺbס
ôսŽȫѡʹ˸Ļ׹˾
ΪƿоԺÿȥףԷֻҪ̵ܶʱ򻹻ʨӴ󿪿ڣȥѰرϡеĲϡ
Ϊǵףսÿ궼ҪսʿȥΣǺµѰңòѰµµӶᡣ
սŵս˧ˡ
˽һЩսźоԺ֮ǣìܣͷãʱоֻ鷳ս˧ˣ
ƷŵĹϵһ㣬˭öԷĶء
Ƽҵạ̊́ܲ¡
Щĵ˵Ȼ˾ѡǾ;Ǳϵɣʡż
Ƴһۣɱˣ(qng)ҪǶżͲˡ
ȻĴ࣬ȴ֪Ǹ򵥵ˡ
˵˼ֲǸûбС㲻߻·ߣ˼ȫԻؼҼ̳ļš
ôţҽȥҽѧҲܺߡ
һҩ˾Ƕ³˼Ҳȥҩʦ±((Ʊ))·ߣоԺǱ߾Ҫʧˡ
ս˧Ҳ뵽Ц˵оԺǱǲ֪()ݣԲҶôǿưԵɱġ
ƷǳӲͻ̣Ҳ󲻵оԺͷϣоԺǱҪ͵һҩ˾
رҪһҩ˾﹫˾ṩĲоɹ걾ԪأΪоԺģƷﷴζԷ
Ǽһ()ӣŮ۸ˣƣԲܡ
年һָооԺΪķɱۡ
ս˧ЦŵͷҲָо
ǺˣڻȶסԸ׹˾ѹʹɡ˵
˸翪»׹˾˵ᴥ׹˾棬оԺķɱǿ϶Ҫûʹ
ЦҸҽȻ׼ֲߴںͳ۸˾·ߣ
˾ԽʹǾԽ߶˶ƵĿͻߣЩ˿ɲоԺ͸׹˾ء
ҪСӴ()߶°ɡս˧óԼҶӶӺ͹ġ
Ҳϣɳ㣬У()߰ɡ


1501.1501 1501ֱ

1501 1501ֱ
극ϵ˹Ϻ
ڹߣŰݷˡ
ĵĲֻ࣬ǿһ㣬ԲΪоԺķɱֹĳŵ
óְļùϺǩ
ǩ֮ҲϺʽΪǹ˾Ļ״ʦˣǩԼĻϯʦ
ڹϵĸͽܣҲͬ׼˺Լֻпǩˣֱȥ˾ϰࡣ
֮ǰֻǿͷۺͳŵҪǩ˺ͬзЧӦ
ҲǼΪ˰Ϻġ
ȻùϺȽ⣬ûпˣǾͽļǩˡ
û¹˾նƽ̨ϣֱӽϢ˳ȥ
Ҳ˵ڶ𶯡
һоԺķɱڶξǼĵӲһķʣһ½ûпʼӪҵĹ˾ҺоԺǱԡ
Ϊһνֵܻ𣿺ܶ׹˾ĸ߲ǲֵõġ
Ƕֻܻ׵Ĺȣ()Ȼܻ׺ãչȲס
оԺ߱״ʱ򲻵ֻᱻᱻϴѹ̫ˡ
ܶͼ˶ѡ񣬾ȫǷˣΪһͻͷϴҵ⣬ôģ
Ѳʵ׹˾ֻ棬ûе棿
ߺӴʱˣҲôգ
ôȻ˴ҵ⣬ҲôȴҲø׹˾ĸ߲㾪ϲ
ںˣ֣ܽ»׹˾
Ȼ侮ʯʱǻҪֵġ
׽ҲΪϢ𶯣ҶſĹ˾š
ƷõϢȹ֪ԼҵıŮȻоԺɱˣһŭ
׼кԺ󲻸оԺǱṩҩ걾Ԫزϡ
ƾİ칫ң֣ĻСûôȥ
õ˽⣬Էô۸Ի취ȥġ
ƷüͷǾͿñǷɱ۸ۡ
ǾܾоԺѣԷҪɱƼҵ
ҲۣСÿ϶д㣬ȱ()͸¶ȥ
ƾ۷ļ˵ǿԸԺǱʹӣȵؼʱøǳһ
еı۾Ҳ̫ˡ
жҩͲṩöԷۣҪػ
Ҫ۸ãֱ
20~


1502.1502 ôǵˣ

1502 ôǵˣ
ƷҲΪŮԵʲŻϻ˵ʱúе
ڶоԺǱߵҩͲϣöԷҩ˾﹫˾󣬻׼
ǵİɣʱҲЩһ£Ůô۸ġ
µһϿ˿˵ҵ֬ϣˣ()a׵ϱȽơ
Ѿȥ۳ɲϣʮ**ܹĿǰϣaס
֬һܴŵ㣬Ǿ࣬оԺǱߵaײ϶ӶͼģҲҪˡ
ϴκӳȥʱһзֵģԭǳҩȥģ˭뵽֬ʺϡ
ҲٶȽԸ˵幺֬ϵֲһƬϵƺܴ
ƾѾ˹˾ߣȨ޵Ͽ˿
ЦʱҲɱɣֲϾͲ۸оԺǱߡ
û֧ţЩ쵰첻aʲôNɪš
ƷһЦһǼӿо̣ʵ
һ֤ʵҾͽǸת¡
оԺ֪֬µģܱߺߣ
ǰܵƾͬ˵
ôоԺƼҵĸ߲Ҳ֪¡
үҲܲˣıŮô۸ء
𲻾ǰоԺԺæһssҩ
ȥԺӣ磬оԺԺյƼܾҩĻظ
Ī֮ǰԷȻ˵ҪǼ죬ɸоϲǾܾôͻȻôϵľܾˣ
ٴϵȴֶԷ˺Ծѡ
ôǵΪʦˣЩ
ȻܹsףҲû˸ҲӣƼǼ˵֮һ
˭˼ssҩʦܹssлָЧҩƳӳҩֻҪһЩ(r)ӣǾƱҪ󵽶Էͷϡ
ǰΪоԺ͵һҩ˾ںǱߣԷÿ껹ǻһΰæҩġ


1503.1503 ڱŷŴ

1503 ڱŷŴ
Ժ벻ͨƴʦΪʲôܾ뵽
æȥƼңȴƼҼڱչΪ˰ݷá
ƼүӶ̬Ҳ䵭˺ܶ࣬Ǵһֿ˳۵ģĪ
ҪϸʣȴѾܼƼҡ
ԺûгԹֱŸҲŭûȥѯʣصоԺͼϵһλssҩʦ
ԷܾˣȥƼһˡ
ƷҲ֪£ͬܲˬ
˽ϵս˧ͳһսߣԭΪоԺѰϡвϵսʱֹͣƻѰ˲Ҳ
ͬʱ׼ʱͳоԺʩѹҷɱֶŮǾҪǵı
Ʒ֪ϢģǺ͵һ׹˾Ǹøǳȥʱ˵ģˡ
ϻȥͽԭ׼ϣˮ˳ȥ
ֹֻ˾ƿҵն˸šǲƽ̨
ڶһƪbױ׶˵±ٶӵն˸
лָb׾еİʧƷоԺóŪ˵ģһǱ
ﻹ˺üʹb֮ɵı׶ˡ
ȻЩ׶ʵܻ㲻ʲôҲǿ(r)֣Ҳ˸
ô벻ǣⲻһǰࡣ
žǲvϣb׳ۣоԺи߹͵͵óģƷʶоԺŵսŵĸߣĽоٵһЩ׶ˣֻΪı
һ¾͵ˣս˧ս˧Ĵ£оԺʩѹʡ
ѹоԺǵb˲٣ƷҲûж仯һֱԲϲΪɣȴԭ͵͵˽ȥи߼ıˡ
оԺһ¾սս˧ˮ(r)ĸУҲٽ˼ڴѹϡ
Ҳţû뵽Լ
ֱһ¹˾ϰ֪
³칫ҡ
Ц˵оԺѾʱϾѹ㣬ǹ˾ĴѹҲ˲٣Ҫˣ
ЩĪûʲô
֪ǽƷźƷ(qng)˵һ飬ԺƼҩܵ(qng)ˣͬ˵˳
֪ԭƼѾΪʼˣůůģԭġ
Ц㸸Ŀǰڽһܱܵоڻûжɲƽ·ҾӦڱŷŴء
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1504.1504 ̫ȷ

1504 ̫ȷ
˵֪һЩ
ʱ£˵ǷһֿԴԭa׵֬ϣ׶εϳԡ
֬Ļת£ǩתЭ飬ȥ֤ϺǻǾˡ
֮ǰЩĪôϰֻһǸЩ֬ϲǶ﹫˾˵
ôһ˵ܹ³һЩϰΪʲôԭˡ
üۼȾһůЦ⣬ҰָоԺ׼ǻܾϲġ
Ҿ͵ſϷˣЩڴϷ
칫ϡ⣬ˡ
Ҳ˵ˣ֪Ȼǵһҩ˾³ƷŮʱһЩĿɿڴ
(qng)ǼʦþǸ
ѹֶԵһ׹˾ô⣬ѹֺԥľܾоԺԭ˼Ŀν
Ҫڻ׽첻ߣ˼ǿԻȥ̳мҵġ
οʦøͲܻ첻ߣô˰
ǲ֪Ϊʲôʦûй()ݣǼȻ֪ˣҲ˵
ʦ׹ŮǷˣ
꣬뵽˽⡣
ǹ˾Ѿʽҵ׼ֻ߸߶˶ƣŴʦʲô뷨𣿡
ûԥaܻ׵ķǰδڵһ׹˾ʵ֣˾ǿԿǡ
һطģһعģǿһ棬ʹܷӱȽϳˮƽŶԱȽϲط߹˺ʺϡ
һоķ֮ǰԭ׼ʱڹ˾ڵˡ
Ц˵̫ˣھҪһ()ܵĻ״гطعĸ߼ͻǺܶģǿǵҪרŵĶơ
ֻǵʱҪ鷳æ()ĸıһ¡
ԵĿͻǵĺҵӻ߸ǣЩ˴ʹû׶ΪսΪ˱ԼİȫصĻ׾ͻ㡣
ҲһЩȨ͸ϲ̼ʻȥðջ߲μӻ׾ֲսȣ˾͸ƫڹ()ȽϸߵĻס
Ŀǰ׹˾ҲרŵĻ׶ƣòһİ󣬻Ҫ()ﵽԵĶǱȽȨƵˣֻҪй˶Զơ
׹˾սšʹڣҲ˻׵()Ըƫƽ⡣
òĳЩ棬Ҳܽʺǹ˾ߵ·ߡ
̫ȷˡ


1505.1505 ϲѶȵ

1505 ϲѶȵ
ûжٱһԼоҪվϯʦĽŸ⣬ص㻹Ϊ嶥ѹûзͽܡ
Ȼ߶˶ƣ϶Ҫݿͻ죬û⡣
ָָԼĸͽܣǾʱĿɣԺܵa죬ٶȥơ
ҲܶһЩͿͻ(i)ĸͽҲǱȽչ˵ġ
ǰڵһ׹˾׶ǹ̶ģ߸߶˶·ҲкôϾÿƻ׵ĿͻҪͬ˵ܴҵһЩơ
ЦŵͷãȫɹŴʦţ
̶ֿЦʣĴʦʲô뷨𣿡
˵߾ܻ׵ĸ߼ưɣƷǹҪʲô()ԣֻͻȻƷֱԷΪֹ
սҲԼǧƪһɵİȥףʧȥһЩζϲѶȵġ
оǾϲ֮ɫ̫ˣĻſͻ˵ġ
һ߸߶˶ƣÿ׹˾߶·߻һܣȻٰտͻҪ졣
ͻҪһҲҪǿҪǿҪƽǿ
ʵͻҪľ޾ͺܴ󣬺ܶʱĻףͻʵ⣬ȴҲû취ֻܽܡ
ҪһʼÿͻҪȻҪȥƷ죬ɣǲǹ˾ߵ·ߡ
ȻûпôƣҲ˵Ļ׼ˮ׼ܸߡ
ԿͻʲôҪ𣿡ʡ
ЦЦûʲôҪֻҪܹ֧óƵķþС
ȻϣҶƵģǹ˾Ƽġһ䡣
Ц˵Էģƾܻ˾;Ժܶࡣ
Ȼһʼܴ˻̽Ͼڵһ׹˾ֻܻ¼Ƶûչʾ
ʣҪҪչʾǼܻأ
ҡͷãǵظУעȲŻߡ
˾ʵΪÿʦһרȻ˶ƻ׵ĵӿԷȥͿͻЭ̣ͬĻԽչʾ
ҾȽɫҲǹ˾֪ȣŴͻǻͬġ


1506.1506 

1506 
üʱ˼·
۾һû״ʦγһЩ˴ȡ
Ȼһž˾״ʦǹĶǵģ()ǹؼǿ
Ϻ㶼Ƚ⣬ǶϲֻãҾһŬɡ
ʣ׼ʲôʱӻ׶Ƶĵأ
ϺԼͬ˵ھͿʼɡ
һٽһ
ͷãͶ⹫ʼλĶƣȻɸѡͻ
ɸѡͻͽ˾ɣֻû׾Сϲϲ¡
Ҳͬţɸѡͽ˾ɡ
ãھллλʦԹ˾ˣ˱˱ȭͷ
죬üǱ߽ʵ֣Ϊ˾Ļ״ʦǸԿһҳ棬˼óķ档
֮⣬˸λ״ʦƻ׵
Ļ״ʦÿ˶()ҲǶԶƶиԵơ
ֻƵģҲǿɿͻҪ󣬵ȻǰҪҪ
Ҳһֱڹע˾˾ȣǵһλɿͻҪƷ׵Ļ״ʦ
ֻ˵ģΪܻ׵ҪߣƷ÷ǳ󣬺ܶ˵˼ȴڹ״̬
ϼ߹ԶƣҲӭԼĵһ˿͡
߽覣Щ⣬ԭǵһչİ
Ц£ôĴʦοɲΪȫΪĻˮ׼ġ
Цô᲻⣿ͻϵۣҵȻӭˣ
ʣҪһʲôף𣿡
˵ǰڻ(r)ӣʱھ˾()ѧϰȻҪȥս
ҪԼʵ춨̳˵Ļ
ǰڻ(r)ӣʻ׵ļһ㣬Ƚóұ()Ҳϵߣսϰսʽǰڹǿȴ󣬺ھͻƣ֡
ܲһǰԹΪԷΪףʡ
Ҫǰڿǿ޷ܶԷƽᱻ¶ǿ˷Ҳܰȫܶࡣ
ǰʻb׸涼̫ƽ⣬Բ̫ʡ
˵ǲѣֻǷĲѾˣ͹ΪԪȴû
֮ǰһֱһ룬ǿĻԣʱҪȵȡ


1507.1507 Ƣ治С

1507 Ƣ治С
覶һΣ˵ҪΪԼ»ףиǻϲ
û⣬ܵȣ㾡ҵĻʵ顣
Ц˵һʧġ
㣡覵ͷ
Ļ׷Ȼһȥ˾Ĳ
ߵſڣͽӵѰĵ绰
ʡ
ѰоǼܻףѾȫڻͨˣΪڹ伸죬˿ȥЩ㲣˫ȴȡ
ѾоˣҾϲǵһô
˹ǲҪллĿ佱
ѰĮ¶˿Ц⣬лл԰ҳ԰ɣ⼸춼ǳӪҺҪˣ
ҲǱȽҵģûʱ;ȥʳ
ɵо꣬оӶһʱͻ档
üҾô˵˵лѣ㻹Ҫˣ˰ɣ
ѰһҭŮ˻ô(qng)
棬Ҹ㿴ҵĻסżҧгݵĵ
ЦһУʲôطҹ
ڼҷ㣬ɣȥϴ衣Ѱ˵
ͻȻղŻԼһԷģתͷȥһ𣿡
ѰĶԻЩζһȻԹ档
ѹţ룬ԥĵͷðҲ볢ա
Ѱüͷʹҵ𣿡
һۣҪȺԼ˳ԷģҪǲͬ⣬ǽͱˣ
Ⱥ˼ԼˣܲΪ˿׾ͽ˶һ߲ܣ(qng)
˵첻ףʱҲܿġ
Ѱ˺ڣһλ귢ˣϿ
˵ͽƵ绰ˡ
üͷҲƢ治С
һﵱԼ˭أȻôקȹ绰ҪǲӭҵĻҾͲȥˣ
ҲΪѣǸһĻױȽ
Ц˵Ǽһģ
˿Ѱ꣬߰ɣǹȥԶСʱҡ
ãȻϲѰΪ˳һգǺƤȥˡ
Ѱǵסһ(to)ٶƽƽ(to)һĳ˹䡣
Ҳõʱһԭ׼ûʹõģڵһó


1508.1508 Դֱ̫

1508 Դֱ̫
ûеѰѾڳº˵ܿ쳬Ǳ߾ͽ˹
˯ȥš
ɣɨɨ()Եޱ(qng)˵
˽º覿ȵѰʣ㲻һ·𣿡
˯ɿ(to)()ϣ֪ĻΪһڹء
ѰüҾϲܵе
ⲻŮʿڣҾ㻹Ӧע㡣覲ʾҲü
ѰЦûнŮ˿˰ɣ
㣡覷һᡣ
ʱնˡ
˿ʾ͵Ц⣬ͨ
ܿһսװǷżаӣͶӰڿ
ģڸʲôأĿ(qng)ĿЦʡ
ЦŻصѼ׼ԣǼʺվ
ͷǰǵǼʺս
ƳƳԱŵˣЦż˵ԭһϲأ
ˣдЦȷʵ(ͦͦ)ϲģҴӦҪǳԣȻˣ
Ҫ򳵹һԣʡ
Ѱ˵ȫˣ˭ûΪ档
ҲǸģð㷢һңҲء
ã˵ſѰˣǲٶһ˰ɣ
ѹķᣬЦ˵⣬Ҳһδ򡣡
ѰȴƲƲ죬㶼˹ˣǲˣ
ֱ׳Ц˵Ҿ()ʣ㲻õͺã
㣡Ѱ챻ˣߣ㣡
귢ˣɡЦŶԷ˵
ãϾͷ
˵Ĳ࣬Ҳû˵ʲô()ĻɲѰ覶ܸоһ˵Ĭ(qng)ա
վ()ȥ
Ѱ˵Ѿ˲ٲ˹㿴ɡ
㲻ֻ𣿡Цʡ
Ѱһδˣֻ棿
ֿ˵᲻á
ˣҷô࣬ȻҪóԵĲ¡
ѰһҭŮ˵Դֱ̫ˣ֪Ҫʲôãмҧζǵˣٺúøл
ðʼ粻Цţȥˣ
Ѱ˵Ǹֽϻ


1509.1509 嵽

1509 嵽
߽ʹŲ()ͲˣеЦŨ
׼ˣȻҲģȻֽϻᷢ쭵ġ
ڳˣ˶Ĭˡ
Ƭ̺޵ĿѰ㴩˼δ̫ðɣ
Ѱۿ⣿
ΪҽѣҾҪԼδ򡣡˵
ѰЦ£
Ȼô˵ɻվ()ȥ˯ۻһ(to)װ
֮覶棬Ϊһƣܲһ㡣
ЦЦҵľˣȻһˡ
ֻ𣿡ѰƱ˻ΣЦЦĿ覡
ҲƱ˻Σ˼δģֻĺѡ
Ҳһɣҧ˼˵
Ѱ۾ȻҪ㲻
֪֮ԲѣܺԼС覺һھ˵ǿֻϣľͺãĲҪ
Լȷʵһ۾Ķ(qng)ˡ
ҪǻȻϲˣǲܶԷûδ϶Ҫġ
˵ͬоůˣҲΨһȻĶˡ
óǸδϲҪʧȥ()ߵʸǾֻѵ()ݡ
ֻҪʱһԳԷľͺˡ
Ҳ˲ϣ˴ҸоѰҲǲͬġ
ѰɫܺԼУ
˺ܿ޻ģͲһϣ˴˼ҲûʲôͬĻ⡣
ԼСʱңﴫһζҲڴʱ
Ѱ()ȥţɣ
嵭ĵͷã
߽ȥҲӳ˳ᣬܿܳԷˣ
оǳ磬ã
վԷ֣ã覣
ЦֺգãǷ壡
ҽ㣬ѵһ´ŷ塣
ɷϣ˲δòʣ()ŵƶܳɫһеٮٮˡ
ЦҲ㣬()ȫ˰ɣ
ˣҽ֪δԼͬʱһֿġ
˺ܿһ⽻ãҲͽ˶Է֦
ʶȽϹ㣬ǰҲǺӵܣܸ覵˼·ͻ⣬ĻȽĵ
ѰҪԱſ죬һ廨˼ûС
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1510.1510 㲻Ͳµ

1510 㲻Ͳµ
覻(ͦͦ)ĵѰ˵ĻⶼûʲôȤ
ֹһᣬٳ𣬡ԳԷˣ
վЦŶ˵ȥæ
ϰ(qng)ʱǰڳæϴˣȻӣʰӡ
ȥҲϰ()ЦŽ(i)ԵĲˣ
ӹӴչȥˣ
ŷȽĶ˲ˣ覺ѰЩ⡣
ǽӴУ⻹ǵһæġ
ºЦ覵㳢Ҳ֪ĲʲʺĿζ
覽һǴŹǷŵУܿ¶˾֮ɫθڣĲóԣ
Ѱһͷ
֮ǰֻǱƷգһŹǴζٺҲһʰˡ
ѰҪԵһҲͬԵˡ
û뵽˾ȻôóԣԹеĲóԣѹѰһ档
öûгԹԼϱĲˣϤĺ()ζůҸ
ʱĻһ²̡
ȻͷŷˣɻǲСĸһ칷
극֮󣬷ϰ()ʰ
Ѱ״˿
ЦЦӵУ
ǰҲл˿ʰȴȽϲԼֺһʰϷ޵ҸС
ѰŶ䣬Ҹ㿴ף
λ鷳ڿһᣡǺϰߺദ˵⻰Ѿѵˡ
εûҪŷ覣˵ͷ͸Ѱ˹䡣
ѰóĻ˳
ʸкǿâĴɫף¶ϲɫ
Ļsװ
Ѱʼ磺㲻ͲµˣȻҴģ
ȥʻҼ֤׵ɡζ˵
Ѱεûǣ˻ףҲ˽ȥ
Ȼ׵̬ܿ׾Ͷ
ֻ͹ǳǿʩչֲ׵˫ֿԱֽвơ
󻹱һɫʳ˻һֻսֱ˽ȥȻͷųһڡ
ڲǹãը֮˲սˣȫʴͭ


1511.1511 

1511 
׵Ĺܶʾһ飬ѰŴ뿪ס
Ȼ˵ҪԼĻףҲмڡ
s׺¶˹Ȼ˵ı(qng)
ѹbaڰʧƷʵֻԪأȴûн()ķӳ
ʵȫ붼㲻ϣֻ˻׵Ĺͷ()ܣʹͶȸѡ
Ѱͬ˵ֻsײԪأɫ˻ʹ䷢벻սá
ba׳ԪزףӲЧ⣬ԪصĵȼҲйϵ
ָָԼĻ˵Ԫһ͵ǿʳ˻߱ǿķ꽫Żȫˡ
ҲΪԪǿ󣬼ǺȵĲҲͬǿܹںϣԭ()Ϊá
˵sʵֻ׵ĳɹƷ
Ҿȱݵģױʳ˻ҪԴڵɡ
ҪںϣӦǽս̽ȥԶڳɷͭ
зҲһ⣬ҷڱʳ˻֮󣬷ñ֮ǰʱ˲١ʱҪܹƿʳ˻㣬Ի׹ôпܻɻ̱ġ
ѰԼļ˵˳
ѰûеЦĻ츳Ȼܺãô̵ʱͿs״ڵı׶ˡ
ҲģҪһܸ׳ҲssܴﵽԼĻףûд̫ĸ(qng)·һдƷ
״üݻ׹Ȼģ츳Ҳţ
ʵЩģ֪ѰĻ츳ˮ׼Բͣȴû뵽ѾܹԼsˡ
Ȼղŵܻ׵ı׶ˣɷܻ׵ǿ
һܻóȥԿһ֧ӢսˣɨһƬa׺sܻ׵ġ
ڵһǵоҾһϯ״ʦ츳ܲ𣿡Լ츳Ѱһֱš
ǰһֱΪԼܹڻ츳ϰˣ֮󣬲Ÿı۵㡣


1512.1512 Ÿս

1512 Ÿս
ߵĻǰ棬Ҳлһַ·Ϣ
Ƕʳ˻ԼȥѰģȻѯʣȴſ϶
ѰͷԼĻײܽͣҲϲԪںϣԸҪ
ǰñˣͽȥԪزںϻףҲɹˡ
̾˿ǲ
ղ˵ı׶⣬ҾٶҲ˵㣬ҲΪʳ˻()()Ƶġ
˵һԪ𣿱ٶģ
ǰҲԹֻԪأaףsȴʧˡ
Ѱ˶˵sںϽȥ֮ųĻȽΪȡĶľ()Ԫأǿڡ
רٶȷĸƷֲһû
̾˿ҾþһˣҲܲڡ
°˵ûԪأóٶȵĸ߽޾ͱȽѰˡ
Ѱü״û޵Ԫأ쿪
ǰûǵһǵŵоǵоԺʧˡ
ʵֲֻ֤ԪزܺͻײںϣԪ̫ױըƽ⡣
ȴЦΪʧܾ֤ܣ
ǰΪԪ޷뵽ܻأҲ˰
ʲôԵĲܣǻûˡ
˻һŵĹʣҾ;Լһ϶
ѰһʧЦǰҲǶԵģһֱʧܲ޷
ҲԪأԹףȴʧܣܸܵжѡ
ʵ˵ԪܻҪѺܶࡣ
Ѻܶ࣬ŸսҾϲսѶȣȻǰоһ飬Ƕû˼Ц
ѰԼûзֵͣǰѲŸս⼸ҲһֱѰͻء
ֻϧһֱûнչ⼸оܻףǸһЩкͰ
ͻȻĻϣζĿܹһȽص𣿡
Ѱüʲô⣿
һǵооss𣿡ܺ档


1513.1513 ܻȽҪ

1513 ܻȽҪ
Ѱû뵽⡣
ĬƬ̣ŵо˰ƷssײֻԻʦļˮƽкܸߵҪ󣬶Ԫر걾ϺͻĲϣҪҲһĸߡ
֮ǰӶһµʱǷҵʺϵĻϣԪر걾ȴһֱûҵƥġ
ζĿǰоԺǱһϢܻȽҪ
һ㶣ܿͷӦ˹۾˵Ϊ֮ǰɼҪռǸ͵ϣʺƥssԪر걾ɣ
ѰͷȷǴ֮ǰɼҴĲƲġ
Ҳֻһ˿ϣǶŹģɹغssĳо졣
˶˵ʵЩʦΪssǳܻס
ȴͬҲãܻ׿϶ף()Ӧÿ԰ס
ҾóܻӦܻ׺׵һۺ壬ȻֳԽǡ
ѰЦЦÿ״ʦԳܻ׵ĸͬϾֻһδ֪ķ򣬻ûоɹ
ҲԼ뷨евͬ
޳ɵģһǧ˾һǧķء
оԺߣҲûss𣿡ʡ
ѰͷݵһǵڲϢҲǰƷ(qng)ǱơѾҵˣԪر걾ȴûƥϣҲﲻss
һһǵŷֵǸϢ¶ȥоԺҲ϶ǲŹǸµġ
Ȼһ(qng)£ǵоǲй¶ֻϢġ
˼ʡղŵ˵ʵӶ͵ҪĿ꣬Դϣ
Ѱͷ֪ǵŻǸսţµӶᣬҪѰҴزΪ
ʼĸԴףĲҲbaĻףʹӶ᲻󣬿صĿ껹Ƿײϡ
˵Ҳ֣˵Ǹߵ߼׵ĲӦֻвŶԣȴ෴ߺҵµȴѰࡣ
Ҳνƽ⣿ƲƲ졣


1514.1514 α겻α

1514 α겻α
Ҳ޷ش⡣
򻻳ĻȻϣµӵ׵ĲϣҲȥӶĻ
ʵȻѾעֻ취ıˡ
ɼǱ𣿡ʡ
ѰҡҡͷûУս˧͵һǵǱ߻ǣơ
漴һתȻоǱߣss׺пƥԪر걾ڣǾͲŹ϶Ӵս˧ʩѹġ
Ҳпܻóܴ棬ɼߣȻٶȽµռӶƻ
ܹǸ͵򰡣ѰĿתĿҪ۲ɫ仯
ȴûڣ̧ͷӣ԰׵˵ΪҾǸ͵򰡣
ʵӦòµ˰ɣԲ̽ҡ֪ѰǸˡ
Ĳ²⡣
Ѱ¶˹Ȼ˵ı(qng)Դ֪ƷŮϸһ(qng)С()Ǽٵġ
ҲʼֵǸǲ鵽˿ƶӦµ
ԳɼҵĹעܸߣڸƻǰõǸϢŻ̽¡
ֻû뵽Ůһ¾ͷӦ˹ô
Цʣʲô𣿡
ȻֹǵռƻˣȻôȻ˵
ѰЦôֹƾƼС()ݣ
ȻƼȷʵȽȴǵһǵŵĶ֣װֻսſɲ
˵䲻ģǵսţҲֹ
һǵŵɱȱϵĸǿܶ࣬ǻսʿǻ׶սż
ȻҪսЭԸһǵţǿ϶Ƕ֡
ֻҪ˵ĵط棬һ(qng)£ȫһЭԸġһʵ
Цûô棬˵֪Ҳû׼ҪƼһսŶԸ
ֻҪǲ֪涴꣬Ҿȡʱ취
°ʣ˵ɼŪôûй¶涴ȥˡ
ʧΪһð취α겻αѰص
ĿԶ˵˼ǣֻҪͻкۼһǵҲܴӳɼĲܲ鵽ƶϳ涴λã


1515.1515 Բ֪

1515 Բ֪
ɼһ˾ô(qng)Ȼ֪п֪ȫɱˣ͹ǰҲϵͻºۼ
Ҳһ֪Ѱ˼
ѰȻ֪㻹ʣ
ڵһǵΪʲôûȥΪʱЧʣŽϣ˳ɼ()ϡ
˶˵ֻҪȽɼõһǵűȥԼ飬Ҳ˸ʱƻ
֮ǰųɼΪս˧͵һǵΪ֣ҲΪʱ䡣
(qng)б䣬һǵǱߵȲˣս˧пѹ߱Է򶯣Ȼ˽ȥ
ĻɼͲˡ
Ѱ˵Ҫɱɼɲףս˧Ǳ߱ĺܣһǵҲɳһ֧ӢӼල
һЦа취Ը
ȴս˧ĵ̡
ЦӯӯĿѰԻ鷳һ¡
ҲܰȥɱɼġѰü˵
һۣ϶ȥ
ȻѰ¶ˡ
ֻðæ̽ϢȳɼһǵŴߺһͺˡ
ѰЩʣ㵽ʲôҪ˵˵һǵҪɱڸˣһôᱩ¶()ݵġ
ôɵ𣿡˵ˣҳһ״ʦ⣬ɻһҽ
ҪɱɼαȥҵȻа취Ϣ֪סѰĺģ϶æġ
ȻѰ̫ţȥɱΣļٵģ
Բ֪ˣЦ˵ұ֤֪һǵŽӹܺҾԲȥҲ˹ȥȴһ
һǵǱҲ޷ġһ䡣
Ѱ»ĺܺҪôܲ
̽Ϣ˵ѣУҾ͵ſôɱΣ
ҪʧˣԺҿɲΪṩƵϢǿ
͵Űɣ϶ʧġЦ
ýѰסָһȥһǵһˣֻܰæ
Ѱûж˵ʲôؽžͽԼĻ
״׼Ԫ뵽ԣûȤһ𣿡
ѰܹsһоĻյۺ;鶼ḻܶ࣬Ҳܰæ
Ѱ룬Ҿ档
Ҫ϶Ūɾܻ׵¼޷ȷˡ
ȻˣͲȥˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1516.1516 ʲô

1516 ʲô
ףõҪϢֺѰһоĳ˹䡣
覽뵽ռĻ׶սд衣
׼ȷ˵Ƿ覽л׶սָ
ϱȻˣɲöԷսź()ˡ
()ıǰӵǿʵƣղžȰ˵覾ս
˵Ҫսŵģڶսŵļ̳˽ĹϵԽҲкô
δ׿Ľ⣬ҲԼˡ
ûн(qng)ֱսɡ
Ѱ󣬵һᣬ˲Ŵ
覶Էӵ(r)(qng)˷ն˺ţԼԺʱȥ
֮ǰΪŶԷͷƣѣȴľ÷θڡ
ûоܾ˿ȥһʡ
Ҳûжž뿪Ѱҡ
覺ʶȤǰ
ͷһؼҡ
·ϣѰߵõ(qng)ͷ˵һ飬ܸоǺ͵һǵ֮䲻ɱһӲ̡
˵ҪץʱϿǿ
ͻȻ뵽һˣҰ˵ڶ˾ҶΪʦ
⣬Ϊʦôݵģ֪ǵĹϵ𣿡
֮ǰҪڶԷ׻ָպ󣬼һ壬ָ¡
Լʱ仹ûء
ЦŻصڽݵġ
оһ׼վɳ۸ڶ˾ύȥ˭֪Լȥ̸
ǸʱǵķɴϾͬˡ
ҲٹڶĶ
ҸоҺ⣬뿪˰СʱҪΪͽ
Ҳ²ǰСʱӦȥҵ()ˡ
ҲӦò鵽ҺĹϵ
Цʶңֻ˵û⣬ǵһ˾ɳӽˡ
()Ϊͽǿڶ췽츳
ΪԼܹҴʦͽӰҷⷽ츳˶Է
ЦΣ˵һ£
ڶƿʦ֮(ͦͦ)󡣡ҴʦҲģŻݶԷΪʦ
Ͼʦһ(qng)ʦͽϵҲȽϽܡ
ͷţ̶ҲյĵһͽܣĻѵá
1516£ղŵ1520ˣѾ滻ݣֻǱ޷~


1517.1517 Ժܾ

1517 Ժܾ
֪Լҷ츳Ҵʦ()Ӳ
ʣṫ𣿡
ЦŻص˵ºṫʱ򻹻ҳȥλѡ
˲ף϶ҩЧ̶ԽϣŻͽȥ
ºòȫָ
֣Ҫˣ
ҴʦһͽϢԺܾҲʽǵ̨
Цܺ䣡
ǲʦͽҲ׼Ҫˣ˰ʦĻᣬ˳
ǣ䣡Ц
ļÿ춼ȥ¹˾ϰࡣ
ĻʦǵƷģ˴ദĶʱĻһ¡
覵ĵӣҲ˹˾ר
ͬʱϵȼ״ʦҲӵ˵һ׶ƣǵ˸࣬Ŷӵ
߽ӵĶʱֻ覣Уǹ˱Ƚ϶ࡣ
ҪȽᣬǰڻ׽ҲûȻоɹܻףҲûչʾҲ޷ۿЧ
һ覵ĻЧбaܻ׸õսҲ
ܶ˸вȷŵ̬ȣҪĻ()ܣɲвУ
о߼ޡ
ջؼҾͼƷڿ
ˣЦ߹ȥ¡
ƷЦ˵ҽǹġ
պֶȥˣţᵥԼȥ
Լܲ³ĿģĽĿ׼òˣ
ǰҵһ·ֵĻǣԭʼҰϢи߽ױ޺ͱֲ֡
Ʒڼ˵β߻ĽĿʳҰֱ̽ҲȥǿŻ򣬻Ǳߵ֧սžӢפ
һʮȽо飬ʵǳڵӶһ𱣻α
Ǵ̼ðպʳֱĿӦܻ𡣡
Ȥ𣿡ǱȽϲðյģǱȽֶŮһȥ
Ϊܻһҹ֮䱬죬ȻΪоԺһЩɣ(r)ˣȴ׵Դ
Ҫĳշǳãһ㶼ȴɩѷɫϱ()սͣʺϲμĿ


1518.1518 ô

1518 ô
ֶŮϲðջ߲μӣƷҲǲǿġ
֣ǵֻΪϲֶŮҪѡ
֮ǰƷھҪʳĿĿĲ߻ԭǲ׼μˡ
ղŻѡĵط˲˼Ȥ
壬˵ǿŻи߽ױ޺ͱֲʡ
ƷЦŵͷǰǹ˾߻Ŀ֮һֱѰʺϵĵطϧûкʵġ
˭֪ŻͻȻð˳ߵרоóһۣǺпǴӳ涴Ưġ
ǰһƬûŻǵĴڣӵи߽ױ޺͸߽ױֲĵطͱ˿ˣεıǳã
Ҳлڳ涴ƶķΧڣͻᱻƯһƬ
ҲŶӲŷŻǣ;úмֵѾͨս()ռʱפأעᣬҲ¡
ƷϲðգÿͻһΣǺȥ̽ա
˵ðĻǱרΪΣǣֻΪδ̽飬ǵȼϷΣϵ͡
ȻҲرߣҲŽﶨ˽ĿءҲֶŮȥμӡ
ֵĸ߽ױ޴Լм֪𣿡ðգȤĻ
Ʒ˵רǱߴ̽ǷӦĽʮһĸ߼޳ûȴࡣ
ģӶʮһߣս䱸Ҳaܻ׺һb׾ӢӣȫǾбϵġ
Ϊû̽Ļǣܱԭʼ̬δ֪ĲŴ̼ҲֱĿͷ
ҲΪרߵԤвǺΣվ͵ģȥμӵ˳¾Ͳˡ
ȫĸ׼սžӢսӸ档
ʮһı޾ȤҪΪĻҪľʮʮһıԪػ
ֱ޵ĻǻߵطѾΪ˴塢սŻߴȦµĵ̣ҪȥץöԷ(yn)УȽ鷳˵ʮϵı޻Ƚ١
⡣
壬ϵĸ߽ױޣץ𣿡Цʡ
ƷЦȻץˣھǵĵ̣ôԡ
Цĵͷȥ


1519.1519 ĿľͱȽζ

1519 ĿľͱȽζ
Ʒھ֪ԼθڵıֶŮϲúԼҲƵġ
ҾͲȥ
ʱһᶣӶսص㱣ġֶŮİȫҪ
Ц˵Աһеġ
壬μӽĿˣǶ𣿡ʡ
Ʒڻصֻѿأ߻μӵ˲ҹܣ⡣
μӽĿļαصֳ֣ʳĺҰԱԴġ
Ҫ뿴ھǴһݹ
ͷð
Ʒڴһ绰ȥƬ̺һ˹
ݸЩѾȷμӵˣ㿴
ӹ˿ȵķһˣޡ
ƵͶģǸտһҶɫλμӽĿҪΪƹ㡣
һϤ֣㡢ʯ
һΪҪʹߣμӵĿľͱȽζˣֱ֤Լǿ
Ŀ޺㣬ҲӦ֪˵()ݣкŻӵĶԹѪ(r)㣬뿴(r)ֵ˲٣͡
Ͳ̫Ϥˣɨȥ϶û˭ĬĬš
忪ֹ˾ģμӽĿ()ݵλ͡
̧ͷʣһ𣿡
û⣬룬ţƷǳֶŮˣⲻ¡
ˣдЦȥȥ
ԭŷȥģ֮Ҫȥͽ(qng)Ծû취ȥˡ
뵽Ѱ覡
ѰȥΪһץ߽ױоԪر걾ȥԺ̨
Ҳ޷Ϊ()ȥ绰
ȸѰ绰
üʣ£
Ůƽϵ
Ŀץ߽޵(qng)˵һ飬ˣȤ𣿡
Ѱֱ׳˵㶼ˣҵȻҪȥ
ǾΪ˸Ȼߵ͸
û⣬ʱȫֱһǵŵĸ߲϶ϳ᲻㱩¶
ѰЦ¶ʲô¶㣿
ʲôѲɻҶҲ磿
һν˵֮ǰͶ˵ҶҽͻȤ׼ҪڻصһǵţԲڱ¶İɡ


1520.1520 ʲô

1520 ʲô
ѰȻܰ°ȴ
ԭ汨ˣѹôĸȥϰʲôġ
ᱩ¶ͺãȻҾͽֱȥˡ
һȥĻصһǵҲͲȥĿƻˣʡ²١
У㿴ŰɡѰʼ硣
覴˵绰ͬ˵˵μӽĿ(qng)صҲμӵ(qng)
Щ⣬û뵽Ǹø绹Ǹ(qng)ְ
ܾԶԷô˼ӦֻΪǸȥ
ðҲȥ档Ϊ˶ӴĄ̊́ȥ
Ҿ֪ȥġζЦЦ
Цʣ֪Ǵγֱʣ
Ҳ񶨣ţһЩƳġ
ҽллȡЦ˵
ڰЦˣĻԪؿܻǸѰңһϲԪء
ãЦÿҽ澴ҵ
绰صλ˵壬ҵһμӡ
ƷЦ˵ٿദĻ
ãǴ˵еǰ競񶾡覸йٲҲԷѡ
ƷʧЦǰģ˹˴ġ
𣿡ʡ
ҡҡͷûˣͼ
漴Цʣ壬øҲǸ׷ߣû˵ҪμӽĿ𣿡
ƷЦŻصȻˣרŸĸݶϱҾܾˡ
ƼҵӵܣȥϽĿΪŮԴףʲô
ҲܾͶүүǱкͷˡ
˵ĻʹôȫԭǱֹˡ
ҲãĻȽ()գ()ߣָʲô()ء
壬ʲôʱʼ
ƷڻصһܺΪǲŷֵĻǣĿߵ˼ԽȥԽá
ʱ乻ҪǲĻԺֶŮλ˭治ˡ
Ц˵ʱ乻Ҫ׼׽߽ޣϣȥء
Ҫǰ죿ƷΪֶŮĵڡ
Цô鷳һܺ(ͦͦ)õġ
ƷЦͷεĽĿĿͬμαԼʲôԣҪڹƽģҲ׼¡
Ͼγʳ⣬̽գüαǱ֤Լİȫ
Ҫʲôܺ˵
ʱûʲôҪģҪٸ塣
ã


1521.1521 Լ˵Ĺػ

1521 Լ˵Ĺػ
̸֮Ʒھ뿪ˡ
ºһֱԱߣҪȥμӽĿûзԡ
˵ȻжǻΣռ̫ߣСĵΪá
ߵʮһߣȥб㡣ŮİȫǺӵġ
()Ҳʮһˣĺ⣬Ծͬˣãлл裡
óһԼӵݸӵʱܺСľѪѹƻ߿ޡ
õľǰ̹ҲȽϹõİȫ
ӹ˲ϣãлл㣡
һʱȥᣬ˲ٸ߼ҩģƳ˵ҩڿռﱸá
üaļֲϣȥ²ϣʱȥá
Ʒ֪º󣬶ԼĵܵＫˡ
ֻǱŮȤҲɨˡ
Ǹһ󷨷йзȣǳʵá
˲ˡ˲ָܡⶾasҩ
һaƷʵףǰоԺǱ⻻ġ
Ҳˣ׼о
Ǽڵһ׹˾ܻףΪԼģŻһЩȴҲְֵܾĺ͹ġ
ƾҲʮԼħƻ£ʲô()ܵĶУȫaƷʵģӳڻϵЧܸܵġ
ҲΪˣרõĿռľϵ˫Ч
ûܵ˿ʹãܵкܴļӳЧ
֮ǰһֱģʦָ¸ƣƷҲõ
Ϊ˺ܶϳ
һܺ뿪ʱռװ˲Լ͵ĶҲůůġ
εĽĿûеһһҷɴǿԺһңɽĿš
ͺѰһҷɴ
ǷɵǸҪҵʱ䣬ڷɴûţƵҩоײϡ
ѰûйͬԣҲڷš
󣬷ɴ˻ǡ
ƷеǮڻǵ潨˷ϵͳķɴᾭʶǹ˾߰ŵģ޷ָͨߺǴкϵͳͻ
ҲΪ˱֤ڻϲμӽĿļαȫ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1522.1522 α

1522 α
ʱڻǱȽϰȫһƬյϣѾһá
αǵִ󣬲ûпʼֱȰϢ
еļαûǣǴģʱϾ޷ͳһ޺⼸α
ֱʱ䶨˵ڶ졣
ҵִҲûе߶ǽĿҪģ϶Լķ䣬ͶǽĿ͵ʳá
ڶһ磬ƷڴӶִǣֱҲʽʼ
Ŀ˸ͻȻϮһÿ˼αķš
ϴã߹ȥš
׼Ŀ鰲ŵЦ˵λ׵a״ʦҲһα
ۣĴʦƤãһŮ֣󣬾ͶȻ̾
֮ǰҲͻϮ⼸ŮʿһͲɫԳֵΪŮʿ⣬˵Ķױ
Ƥۣʩ쿴ȥġ
лл佱¶º͵Цݡ
ŮЦ˵Ĵʦ׼費Ҫױ
ЦЦˣҪ𣿡
ʮ֮¥¼ϣҾ֪ͨġŮֶ̬ȱȽ(r)(qng)
õģһͷ
ص󣬽˯ȹһ(to)()ʵ˶
ûлױʱ¥ϡ
ʱ򻹲ӣѾλʿȵһˣһǱȽϳ̽ռңҲһλα
޿¶֮ɫҲμĿ
ǰμԱ⣬ļα֪˭ˡ
ȻԼһĳ⣬Ļʹ߾˵ˣŵĴ£ǶȥҽĿҪ롣
˵()ݲҲԴĴڣĿȻܾ
֪Է⣬֪ʲôˡ
Ҳ޿Żôȡ
Ҳʵ¶˾ȵЦݣոãû뵽һμҰĿˡ
ǰ⡣еЦŨҲμܾϲ
Ů˹λʶģ
Ц˵ҺĴʦһμӹһҰĿû뵽ˡ
Ե֣˵һỹܷһءŮִȤ
Ц㼪ԣ
ģҲ½ִ΢Цһһò


1523.1523 ֮Ů

1523 ֮Ů
½Ůʿ
һȥ·ɢʣսųģһ¾֪˭ˡ
һսս˧Ů½òۣ()ĸȴһӢˬ֮С
ͬûлױŵҲ˶װ
ȥмֽȴư
һŮӣñȽ㣬˿ȥ()ЩӮģų䳤㡣
һòŮӣŶֿ㣬ȥȽ()лһָϴ׺͵Цݡ
()Ըʿ˵Ц
λ⿴()ôʿΧתò£׵㡣
㣬ֶԷѰ˵ģȻŮʲôˡ
ȴһ˵׺͸УĪĻøһ
ҲڱȽϲһࡣ
ôʿϲΧתҲ׺͸кǿϣ
ЩǣһʸУ޷͸
ܿ϶ֻһżߣ˵(qng)
߹ܵһĪ΢΢˶
֪λΪʲôôҲ޷͸ˣԭ֮Ů
ν֮Ůǳ֮Դˣ߻Եɺ֮µõʯߵﶼܺ˵
һȥѰʲô˿Ǳһû˿չ֮Ůҵ
ҪúܶŬܹĶ⿿()⻷ܵõ
ҲЩ˵Ľʣʱ()ߵ˶˴ˡ
ڹ۲ͬʱҲڹ۲
ľȽǿйҲȳС
߹ͿվţȻĿ޵()Ʈһ־̰
ЩĪ˵ѵĹϵ֪ˡ
ԷҲμӽĿŻ¶
̰ȴЩĪ()ʲôطǶԷҪģ
еʶһεķ糯Ǳɨ˹ȥ
ʶҲ()ϹһȦűһεţ޷һ̽
Ѹٽʶɢֵõһ˵Ľλ֮Ůγɵģ()һöʯ
һ㶼ǽ˵ˣŻγɼӳ֣ʯ
ȻõʯӦþΪ޶Ի()ݣŽˡ


1524.1524 ǳ

1524 ǳ
֮ŮʯĽܣ֪ġ
ܹУʶܸӦʯ
ȵǣ()ϵʯݺ()Ĺܣֻ˵һ㣬Ѿǡ
ôղŶ̰ǲǺʯйأ
һֲ²⣬׼ڽʱ۲¼¡
ĻʹһֱڼӺҪ°ӣ㲢ڡ
׼ȷ˵һʼǳģָӦ˲μĿܻлŹĿ͸¶μӵ˼ž˳˼α
޼ȴȻû뵽ŮҲˡ
ܿͷӦ϶֪Ҫμӣǳˡ
ûʶѰԶĳִûʲôӦֻ˳˧ЩĮֵߣűġ
覵ļ룬ȴ˺⡣
ֻ֮ȴǾϲȫĹڣҪ覶ʱڶսŵĸ߲϶ִ̳ˡ
Ҹ˼վţ˴˼ûлк
ܿƷں͵ݳ֡
Ʒֹ˾bossϲ̽գҶ֪ҲﵹûжԾ
ллλμε̽ʳҰֱĿ򡣡
һʮˣÿϳһ飬ҲǷ֮˴˽һ
ֻýɭ֣Ȼڽһʱȥ
ôѰʳ̽оȫԼͷӣǵ˻¼ƽֱ
ǵĿĵɭһϡ
Ҳû̽ǸĿǰΪֹû˽ȥȫ̽鵽ĵͼ
ҲǴӽ뵽ɭֿʼҪԵһжδ֪ģҾҲ̼ġ
ȻҲһ֪Ὣ̽ʾĵͼǣ̽鵽߽޺ֲΧǡ
ǰ߾Ѿ֪ͨǿԴκζװҰͽĿ¼ƵĹжʹãҲͲṩˡ
ֻҪ߶α(qng)Υ棡
һȵִﻷε̽ʳ֮ãǻɷɴǽߡ
Ҫ೤ʱִܵﻷҲ޷ר߷ҲӦҪϣӦҲᳬһ¡
;ʲô(qng)ǿԽն޷ӦԺʹ(qng)£ҲḨ


1525.1525 пͷ

1525 пͷ
ƷڵĻҲεֱĿǾΪǵüαȥ̽պѰʳ֮á
ȻȻô˵ɼȻˣǱ˴ܻ֮໥עȻǿ֮ġ
Ʒֵھϰɡ
ûжһ¥ʿԥѡһ顣
֮ǰȵҲ뵽˶Էһ顣
½ζЦһʣûѡأΪһˣ
˶ûԷôһ飬Щʣ²ԸԸⶼֻһ顣
˵ϣѰޡ覡½歡
˵ϣ㡢ʯ˹
ôһĻһ飬歿(jn)磬սһ㣬竣ѰǸͨˣȥûֵ
ڵһ׹˾˵(qng)ûбعȥԴҶ֪ʮߣ߷ɹʮһߡ
ϢҲŵģ˸оڵòֵˡ
Ҳ飬½⣬˶һĸо
߾ǿǿϣ()Ǿżߣó⿡񶷣óѰоϣ
ʯǵһ˾̳ˣżߣӵaף
ڶսŵľӢսʮߣܶսһսָӣ
սս˧Ķӣʮߣսڣйɱʮһ޵ս
һħƹ˾³Ķӣżߣ߼ħƴʦӵaס
һ˹ΪӴļңǳ̽ʳң()ʮһĸ߽ߣһϴʦδ֪ǣʮַḻ
һûκ׵ǿǿϡ
Ʒڿϣû¶ʲôһֿϷζЦ飬ĽĿŻпͷ
ǿǿϲðЩ̫û۹ˣرǻ˹۾ȳˣֶŮôȻѡߺߣ
ŻѰҵĶԹԼлɷߣǲȡ
ֿ̧˿ʱ䣬Ц˵ôھͿʼ̽ʳ֮ðɣԤףλȫִﻷÿĴ̼
ʲôû˵ҲûӲ()涨ʲôܵ˵ɼαɷӡ
ΪμӽĿĶǸ˲ţ()ݵλͬƷֹ˾ģǰҲˣһ³ֵδ֪̽գ˺ܶڡ


1526.1526 ûʲô

1526 ûʲô
ֱܿĵǧرǷֱ֮
ĿֱĹҲ(r)
ˣǿǿϣ˵һȵִﻷ
⻹𣿿϶ǻ˹鰡̽մˣǾ黹ֵߵģֵͣҪǶӮû
ȻƷ˵ûоڣǻǽȵִﻷһ飬϶Ӯһ
оûʲôһӮˡ
ǻʲôͷ
Ȼпͷˣǿǿô̼̽հٿôߣ
Ҳͬɱǿߴ߷ֳһãһ鲻Ϻȵ(qng)ȫпܶϺȵġ
½ʮߣȴһԵȱݣ·ռǿиɡ
Ϊʲô˵ǿиɣҪΪ͵ߣ()ĻȴһЩȱݡ
սʱǰڱǳǿһܼʱսûʲôˡ
ҲǴֵ߳Ķ̰壬ĸԣֱӻ״ֵ̬׵Ĵʮ͵֡
ǵһսս˧ŮǰҲս˴ҶȽϤ
ΪʲôŪ˾֪Ͳö֪ˡ
·ռǿиɣȻȥǶǿģɹؼʱҲпܻϺȡ
Ͼɲս()߻ʵ൱սЭţЩпܵš
Ʒڴŵ뿪վŵʮαø
һľһЦſڵһѡ˹鳤ɣǾأ
˶ĻʹߣȻᷴԣֻЩ˹ҲΪǵ(qng)С
˹()̽רңǷḻ鳤ȽϺʡЦ˵
УҲ׷׵ͷ
˹Щμӹ̽սĿһ̽նӣϲðѰ̼֮òʱǿʮֵĳӵһƱ˿
Ǻͻ˹ǰ죬ȴɷ˸ʺ鳤
˹ҲܾЦ˵УǾȼƻѡһ·ɡ
ĿѾͼÿαǿѡһͨ·
ã
Χһ𣬰Ľ飬ѡһȥ뻷ҲΣյ·
Ȼͼϱи߽ױ޺ͱֲ󣬵ȴˣȻԱʵš
Σմ̼չҵ˵õĻԵ


1527.1527 ڶ

1527 ڶ
һߣһ
ȿʣһ˭鳤
뷨Ȼϣ鳤ģҲ
ȴûóȻΪޣϾĶԱŮˡ
Եӳν˭ҪԼ𣿡
ҡҡͷҲУ
ѰĵûȤ
Ц˵ҵֵ޷ʤζӳ
歵ĵҵֵҲ̫УͲ׳ˣ
½ʼ磬ҵֵǻУǸ·գҰ澭鲻ḻԶӳˡ
սϲֱӳȥɣ˭йȥоΡ·ƻԣָҪ¡
뿴һֻʣģ
Ҫ(qng)˭Ըӳ
ЦŵǰһμҰĿȽо飬Ҫӳ㵱ɡ
ǰӳɡͶˡ
Ѱɲ⣬û
ҡҡͷҲû
½ٴʼ磬Ҳû
ȻҶûǾôˣӳİ塣
ʧЦҲ(qng)У
ѡΣվȴ̵·ôѡأҪҲѡ½ʡ
歵·ΣգȻʵȽǿһ˳ͨʱִﻷҸо·ʺǡ
ѡҪ߽ȥߵŻķ߾У½鷳
޺覿ѡһã
ǶȽжϡ
ЦЦҲò׼ռ˿һʺǡ
óöűץУ̧ͷʣҪִﻷ⣬ǻʲôҪ𣿡
歺½Īռʲô
ҪѰһЩõĸ߼²ϡȻôʵ˼ǽԼĿ˵˳
λǳԼרҵѧоġ
½˵һֻʮһıսԡ
λ׵սˡ
ЦŵѰҵµζʳġ
ΪԼǸɫƹģҪҵµʳľ͸ˡ
Ѱ˵һ·Ȥ㡣
覵뷨࣬ԣҪľУ
ͷУ֪ǵ뷨ˡ
ȻŹűҵ˳ȥÿ˶ҵֹʱѡ·ľͶʵˡ
ڶ𣿡½Цһ
ȷǿЦҲ΢΢ü
ʿǼģǺԥķֱ½ִ˿
½歾Լܵ˳
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1528.1528 Ҳ

1528 Ҳ
ƬռڵģȴϹʱ(qng)Ҳǹ˲Żôռճɵȡ
ڿƼô˭νռԤ⡣
˲ţЦ˵ûǣҲûпЦҺġ
ҪǲţԲ֪ˡ
歺½һۣȻǲŵģҲûԣͷִ˿
лϣĺڹűϣȻҡҡڵϡ
κָ̧նϵĵͼǾһ·
ҿ˿ѡ·ڵͼǾ뻷ƵģҲûпи߽޳ûĲۼ
Ҳ˵һѡ˾·ȴѡ˾Զһ·
歺½ͻȻЩڣղΪʲôҪĶӳ
ȷ½̲סʣǵͼʾ·ϸûи߽ױ޻һôʮһı޶ս
һЦڵͼûʾһ󻹻Ҳ
½뱬ڣͷžͲס
ֻǶӳԼѡģҲܡ
һУξģҪûʮһޣҾԼȥҡ
ҲǣҪһ·ûҵĲϣҲԼȥҡҲûϣ
ֻ޺ǴģѰûʲôĿģԺν
֧ǳ෴ѡģֱǼ״Ҳըˡ
Ц𣿡
ǰЦˣѡ·Ȼԭʼռܹʵÿ˵뷨̫ˣ
λĴʦȵģ
һ鸺𾫲̽գ鸺𶺱ȣͻȻԽֱȤˡ
λĴʦԺ󲻻ʲôҪһ԰ɣ
ûܣڶѾ¼ˣȻԭʼš
ԭʼռԵ𣿿ҲѰ
ͬĲвͬռɣ̫ȥʷ
ҿУҲŲʲôռһʵһУһӮˣ
һӮˣͺ𣿡
۵ļңڹۿֱ豸ĵҲһͷߣ̽ʳĿͻȻһռȻѡԶ·
ڶϣһ㷴˿㡣
ܣ˵ڶǲȵģЦʡ
Ʒڰһۣȵġ
žͷƯֶŮһĵģ˵϶ܸĿľϲŰɡ
ݳ˳ǣţ


1529.1529 ֮ǰ׵

1529 (qng)֮ǰ׵
һѡ·Ȼסĵط֮ǰװûеͳˡ
ҲһѰ⣬⼸˶ȥԼװ
ÿ˶һѹ死һ̨ܷ
½״˵·Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ЦЦû취Ҽϵôš
ǰߵﶼţԼȷʵЩ鷳Ѿ
ӦĿΪһδĻǣָҵͲϣʧȥ塣
½ƲƲ죬ϧһֻȥûǿ׳ʿȻܻŰ㱧
ˣ۵ʱҰ㻻űɡȻ鷳ǵ
Ҳ(qng)ϾһֱſԲǾллˣ
ʱ˹ż˵ǴĶ
пռܣҪҪĶȷҿռװ·Ҳʡ㡣Լļλѻġ
λŮʿ()оҲǽ(qng)֣½Ƚֱˬ
歺½˳ǣ(qng)֮ǰ׵ˡ
ðܹʡɵӲԼͱ
һĶӽĿռҿֳѡõ·ȥ
һÿ˶Űȥᡣ
ͬһ̨ϵȴ÷ѾûڣʹǾŰͱ
ֻǽü˻űѡԼӪһּǿ()ӡ
ļαնˣĿ߶ԴҵնûκƣԷϢҲ
̤ѡõ·󣬶㿪ֱ˿Էѡͽ
ȻνԭʼռѡһԶ·һ˶øЦ
λĴʦֻǿòɣĴ˻ϣ
ѡҲһ飬⿴ԷȸЦ
ֻǵǿռߣ˵Ķ浽ռһװ·ųرһ֮˶̲סЩĽ
˿һ鱳ôı·һԼҵĶӳпռܡ
һļλʿŸ㱳½ɵƲƲ죬ǸŮȻô
ֲ֣ЩҪǲǰڲŹˡ
һ˻˹⣬˿ȴǴ(qng)⣬ǵ()մȾʯϢ


1530.1530 Ǵɣ

1530 Ǵɣ
֮ǰΪ޷μӽĿ()Ӧþֻʯ
û뵽ֶ˸˵()ݻ򵥡
Ҳˣܹ㿴ۣΧ()ߴתûһ򵥣()ݱʵͻһ档
ǴɣܾЩԾ
֮ǰûڣ֮μӽĿġ
ֱҲÿʸľ(qng)
ն˸ѰһϢæ
ѰϢʾ֪ʲô˵ڵ(qng)
æһ鸵ϸ(qng)ص
ѰЩ֣Ҫ˸
еʣ˵(qng)Ҳܽ⿪ˡظ
Ѱʣʲôʣ
˵Ҳ˵װﲻæȷʵ޷ԼĻɡ
ѰŮԽԽקˣЩҪУţ
ָԼ·һϢȥʱ˵(qng)
һ·һЩͼı޺ͱֲܵһЩ½ɽˡ
˳˵ҰζҾͿ()ԡ
޻ؼҺ˲ٵʦѧ˳ա
ܱ()ҵѪڳϵ츳ܸߣ⿳ʳζѾȶˡ
()ģҳԵö׷׿ޡ
һߣҲΪһ˿()Ŀȥעɫۣ޵ĸעؿڸУ˶г޵ģ԰뿪
극óű
覼״Цʣռʲôأ
ԴμӽĿûٽҽǸһ
Цŵռʲôܹʳġ
һֱĳղҪӮԷǾҪʳĺⷽ¹
()ٺóԣԼҲġ
½̧ͷһ㲻˵ʳҲռ
ܰͷ
½ЦǽĿ𶺱ȵİɣ
ű𣬡ǲȵģһСʱ֪ˣ
ռǰʳģ߰ɡվ()˵
½Ȼǲŵģ˿ͼǰ治ǺԶĵطȷʵһӣ˭ܿ
ȷʳģץӦɣ
ЦᣬռʳģǸ֮ǰûгֹġ


1531.1531 Ȼȵ

1531 Ȼȵ
½˶ʱȤòȥ
У߰ɣ
ԼһСʱңһһĺǰ
½ɨɨܣûзʲôرֲޣʳأ
ָָǰĺӡ
޶Ǿŵģȥ
óű½歼״һͷߣǾλӳħˡ
ȱȥ˵ӵΣաס˵
һֱʹռҲΪ˸Ѹٵһ
ĺܺãܸһظС
ֱĿǰأڲռԺǺְ֡
½ͷŵŻ˵һЩļ㣬жΣգ
ҸղռһʮʳںӵʳҲ
½ҪĶͷԷǲǷˣʮʳǻ𣿡
ͼϲû˿ʾﰲװȫȽ̽ǣһ㲻ܳ
˶˵þ֪ˣ沢û˵ʲôʮʳ
ʵҲþ̽ˣһʼҲδָ߽ױޣռĽȥͻ
ǰ˼ߣ˲ôʮ
ٴ̽һ飬ֺӵ׵״Χźܶļʳ㣬жϽ
Ҫǲſµӵȥ˳æĢģʳժһЩЦ˵
½ô϶ʧЦȥ֤£㲻İ
УҾȥҪʲôĢͰժ˵ת()첽Ծֱ˺
Щĵʣȥû°ɣ
˵Ŀ϶ģΣգ½ȥ˻᲻Ǩŭ()ϣ
Цҡҡͷû£Լʮߣл׻()µġ
ôһ˵޾˿
ϿֱǶ
λĴʦ½С̽鲻ʮߵ½þҲû֣ȴռ
Ծģ֪һ½ϰ᲻̲סҪ֡
½𱬵()ӣֿҲûС
һȻȵʮʳ̫ˣ
ԻҪſѧռʲôĸͲţĴʦһô͡
ػΰɡ


1532.1532 Ȼ׼

1532 Ȼ׼
ϵ˲ռһϢֱļαҲЦġ
ǲǳǩɽĿǱ߰ŶԱλĴʦĻǲҲᱻˣʯһм˵
ǸǿòֱĿȡ裬Ҫ˵Ĺע
ôεռ϶á
Цͬǰûбһ飬Ȼǻºȥ֤ռԲԡ
Ϲڣ˵
ռҲ˿ţѾʯ֪ˣöһ·أʲôʳģȫİɡ
ڴҵȵʱͻȻ淺ˮһɸ߽ױ޵Ϣˮɢ
ֱʹõĿǰߵļƣۿĹֱܹ۵ĸֳܵ
˴Ҷܵһ׺Ϣð˳ʹ˺ҵĴ򶷶
ֻƬ̣˾ͼһܻ״Ӻг˳
һֻʮ׳ȫ()̵Ĵ㣬ҲӺ׷ų˳ſͶܿݡ
½ʻŻǶ㿪ʳһת()һȭɡ
߶()ԴڣϵĺʳܵΣգһ¾˺ٳ
½Ҳû׷ȥǼʻŻ׻صϰ
ҷĻҧ˵ͼʳ㣬˦һŽ˦ڵϡ
뿪ˮ֮ʳ㲢ûŵѪ()ζֱֱĳҧ
޼״ͷ˻ܣһƬ𺣽ʳ֡
ܿһɿζɢЩʳȫܻ졣
Ȼɢȥ˾ͼϵʳȫ˰ɫĻҡ
½ӻﴫ˳һָӵĿ⿴ռģ
ǰЦŵͷ
Щ棬ǿ½ʣʳôģ
˵Ǽ½ľӦò֪
½صȥͿ˵ˮĢ׼ȥժʹ·͵Ϯ
ҪҵʱһЩֱ()ʮߣǾҪɥˡ
һˮ׵ϢãҵľǼⶼûз֡
ҲΪˣԼҪ߸ˣ(qng)Ȼ׼ˡ
ҪϹèҲ̫ܣϹµĻô׼ȷжϳʳʮ
Ҳܾȣû뵽ȻģѵԶŵռã
ʵЩţȴҲʳɲǼٵġ


1533.1533 ô棿

1533 ô棿
ֻ½歾Լܵ˳ǹۿֱĹںһļαˡ
Ҷû뵽ռȫԡ
᲻һδɣҷǲʲôռģżöűҡһҡ֪Ҳ̫ˡ
ռֻҲ޷š
ǲţ
Ȳ˵ſĴʦ᲻ռ׼׼
Զԣſ´ξ֪ˣܽ¶ʲôģֻҪγ棬ҾռǴڵġ
Ҳǣ
̫߸ǵˣԻûôܡ
ɭ½Щε˵ֻʳ̫ƻˣˮսкܴļӳ֣ûɱǽ()ϵ
ˮʳĹƺŪЩǸĶ˵
һ飬սӦǿģû취˾͸û취ˡ
޲ǿ󣬡ûϵ޷Ūˣ
ʮʳûҪΪѰʳöðա
Ѱɨɨ£ʵҲ¡
֮ǰ˵ʮʳʱҲþͷȥ̽һ飬ȴûз֡
˭뵽Ȼıռˡ
ĻҪɱʳѣȴϲ£Щڲ¶ֵǰ£ô
ƳȻռˣʳģа취Ūɣ
½Ѱüͷ̫Ϊ˰ɡ
ռʳҪԸͲ̫ˡ
ѰƳƳô֪ΪˣΪ
㣡½һҭ˵Ҫа취˵еĻҲǿ
ܿó½˻
Ц˵ȷʵи취
ʲô취½ʡ
ӿռóһƿɫҩ˵ҩ
ҩ½ã붾Щʳ㣿ĻˮĢ᲻ҲմȾ϶
Цŵᣬֻҩ
֮ǰ׼ģóˡ
ҩԵʮʳ½̫š
Ϻһ˿Ҳš
õġ
ߵӱߣþ׽ʳķ򣬽еƿȥþˮﱬ
½˰ŰɵĶź档
ͻȻһʳӺӵƮ˺ϣһŶƤȥһϢȴںǿʢ˵Ǳεġ
ֻЩļʳ㣬Ҳ
ʮӺ󣬾ڴΪҩûôЧʱͻȻһֻʮ׵ĴƮˮ棬ͬŶƤ
ôǣ㻹֮ǰ½սʳ
ҿűԻʳֻһͷôĻô棿
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1534.1534 Чô

1534 Чô
汻ˣ
½ŵĵɴ۾
ԭ̫ͬҩЧ£ȻҲˡ
ȴ¶һȻģôʧܡ
½첽ߵӱߣ˦һӽ㹴
ȻϸĿ˿ִ()ϻ֮ǰµ˺ۣóһѵֶŴ˼ɶԷȴû˿ķӦ
Ϣʢ֤ûбǾ汻ˡ
ôģ½һĿʣĻҩǲҲܽΣ
Ц˵ҵҩһЩԵҩȴֻԱãûá
ʼ˵ǺһƿȥԵġ
½ʧͬʱҲ˿
ʧǣҪҩǵս˵Ըǵţ˿ǣҩûΣҲõԺƵġ
Ŷ˵ȥժĢˣǵñЩĢʳΪϳģζɷҲȽ⣬ĢȥҲЧ
ˣҲڵ֮ȥĢһ䣬Ȼóѹ˹ȥ
޽ӹѹԥ˺
ĢЧô𣿡Щʡ
ȷʵһЩܹȵʳģȴޱȣռԼͷˣó۵ġ
ͷţЧܺãʮ֮µߡͨ˶á
ǵո⿳ǳ覾ĳձ޸á
ʳȤҲܴЦУ
ԼСʱңѹһװ࣬һװĢ
ˣ滹вĢװˣҾժôࡣ޽ӷ¡
ˮĢռ䣬Ȱ㱣棬ȥ֮㡣
ָָεʳ㣬ûȫˣճɵĻȫȥĢķϡ
޵ͷã
ܽƮŵһƬʳߣȻûܽճ˷ĩ
ֻʮʳڻȴûճɻҡ
ڻ˿Уʼļ
½С㣬鷳㽫ˣ½˵
½ͷ߹ȥڵϼӳܣݺݵĳʳͷȥ
ʳ˼ͷ
޵֮󣬽Ҳճ˻ңֻʱʳ㳤١


1535.1535 ô

1535 ô
ģҪһѹǰȥռʳĹǷۡ
ռóһƿ
ռʳĹǷֿۣΪˮĢϣ֮˵ʮһ߶ãյЧҲã
ЦŽӹƿã
歲ͷʣЧ⣬գ
׵ܣܹٽ³´лȥԽԽᣬ()ҲԽԽла̺۶ʲôģҲ
Ϊӵħټӳ֣ľϵܵʮ֮ͷ˱죬ֻҪֲԶӦЧá
Ϊ֮ǰռʳǰ歶ĻҲٻɣЧпڸˣ
ռùǷۺֽպá
ЩˮĢҪô⿣ʡ
Ц˵ζ
ȥֻҰŶԡ
Ц˵ù緹Сʱأȸ··Ұ˳ߣ˳ԡ
ʧЦã֮ǰô˵ҶȲˣ
Ϊ˺ͷ·˲١
Ȼռҩ֤ȵģһҲһ͹ӵģô̹˺ܶࡣ
ô죬Щһǻ˵˵һǶȡ
ֱĹڲֻûĬȻ(r)
ռ˳ҵЧôõʳģҲԣôƣ
գļٵģ
֪ҪýĿҼа̺ж˹ȥԾ֪Чˡ
ãȥĿǿҪȥ
ѵֻҺ棬ΪʲôĴʦܹռɹܹ֪ˮĢʳĵĹЧ𣿡
Ҳ氡
ĴʦҩҲܽʮΣҪһƿ
ͬҪ
֮ǰ˭˵ĴʦǽĿȵģұ֤
ǰ˭˵ռǻȡģҲ֤ǡ
Ȼ棬һţٿɡ
Զԣ񲻹ҪĴʦռΣҾͳϿռ
Ҳǣ
ȻռжϵĶˣʼ̫һڱŰŰɵ̬ȡ
ĿҲһֱڹۿֱ
ݿ۶ʱȤƷʣܣҪĢЧǲô棿
ҪֱֳǵʾԻܼ


1536.1536 Щһǲ´

1536 Щһǲ´
()Ϊ壬ƷĻ
ĳգŲԶʣµķУʱöû˿ڴ
ǰüҵа̺Ͷ𣿡Ʒʡ
ݵֻСʱңȫüˡ
Ǿ͸ϿȥϾʹȥˮĢЧƷڴһ˵
ҪȥһĢζֶŮģҰĢζһ
ϣݵûĢڴڿصʡ
ܿϷһϢøǿбȽذ̺ۺͶˣҪĢЧȥǺսţĿ߻˹ӡ
Ϣһ䶯ˡ
û뵽ĿȻôͲˣ׷׽кã
Ҳа̺Ͷźϧǲڸǡ
ЧҲǱŲôŵ̬ȿ˵ЧҲá
ȻƬݣ̼ȴȽϺãа̵˲࣬ǳ˶ࡣ
ȥǿǣǺսˣа̵ȴֻһˡ
ˣǴ˷
һ⣬սɲȱа̵ˣеսʿò̾ûȥ
صǺսҳа̵ġ
һȥİ̺ۡ
һǺͱ޴򶷱ץ˵ģΪԷצж˵ĵطȽȥȥ̴ȴʧˡ
˵ĽܣĿ߶ֱ˵
ϵļҲڵ˰̺ҽԺսʿĲͼ˳ʵ()
ֱ(r)ٴҶܺĢܲôصİ̺ۻָ
ϾҽԺ޷ȥİ̺ۡ
˵֮ҵĢҲСʱ
ƷóԼ˽˷ɵŵݺͼĹڵˣһȥڵĵط
˶ֱԽĿЩЩһǲ´
ĢҪЧãҪûô죿
ɿɴЦŵģǽĻʽ˶ӡ
ո磬ȥŪһʯĢζã˵
޶Ūʯʯо飬ϴεҰŪˣã
覶Ļǲɣһ㶼ûүƢ޾ȥɻ


1537.1537 ˾֪

1537 ˾֪
Ѱȥ켦ɻˡ
½歱ȥϴĢ̵ģĢļСȫ
ҵ⼸ζҰˡ
ܿ죬Ʒڵķɵִ
˴ֵ
ĴʦӦÿֱˣҴ˹䷹Ʒڽеĳ֮ɫ£Ц˵
ڽĿУ׼¶˴˵Ĺϵ
Ц˵ӭǹ
Եһᣬ߲Ҫ
ãǵȵã
޺Ūһʯʯ뵹ûŪĿռС
ʯȥˮȽõļ˽ȥˮк䵹ˣٴμˮ
Ȼʽ
ַȽر𣬼ĵϳ⣬зħģ轡ȡ
Ϊ˼ӿʱ䣬ֲӰ켦öȣ޶»ܡ
СʱһŨŨļζƮɢ˵ע
ֱõģʽ˸ĻĹҲŵǹζ
ŲˣŴʯĸӣϴкõˮĢ˽ȥ
Լ˰Сʱڳ˲Ծķ׷Χĵط
֮ǰĵݶͣʿˮʵ⼦ζ()ˣ޲ֱȥ򿪸Ҩһ롣
Ʈζжϳʱ䣬Ӵ򿪣ǹζŨڳĲ˶̲סʿˮ
ӿռó꣬ÿ˶Ҩһ뼦ͼ()ˮĢҲС
а̺ۺͶļˣҨˮĢһЩ
Լ˵ȥ֮ǵᷢ(r)ġСʱһСʱңϵİ̺ۺͶͻһʧ
˽ӹ룬׷ȲȺһ
Ȼ̣һ۾ȴǳ̲סֺ˼ڡ
һŮĻɴ۾ʣĴʦ˵ϵĶĢ֮һСʱ֮ھˣ
ôܣЩݻʹ˲֪ٷ˶ҩҩû취
ˮĢЧɻô
ͬš
Ц˵ˮĢ̺嶾ЧƷʺãЧͻȽϿ졣
ȳ԰ɣ˾֪ˣ˵
ŮȻò̫Żôٶȣ켦Ģζʵ̫ˣҲ˲ȥģͷٵĳ
ҲͬǳԹ켦Ģ


1538.1538 ̫ĥ

1538 ̫ĥ
ȥ֮󣬲ζõĶ뽫ͷһˣȥ֮󻹸ойů
һ뼦()ĢͼͲǴҿٵĳȥ
м˾ȫеζƷ
ɿ˵ڶ룬Ҳ˲ƷˣѸٵĽԼһ꣬ȿֺȥڶ롣
ζǾˣƷڳ룬׼ȥʱȴʯѾˣһʣ
˺ڣԹĿ˿Ե͵ĵݼˣ֪Ͳ⼸˹ˣܶʣһ
覵Ҳ룬ϧûˣûˡ
Ƿ׷ԹĿƷڵˣЩһܹʲô(r)֣Ƕûˬأûˣ
ǰôڸ֮()ɳ뼦()Ģ˲ͷˡ
̫ˣҳԹóԵʳȹŶδ˵
ø(r)֣Ҫζˣ
˷׷̫ͬζˣ
ôôóԵļ()Ģôúȵ
ôһԱȣ˲ðԵĺз
ʮҶܳȥսŵսʿŲֱĶӣһζ˵
ҲܳԵȥҰ˵
Ʒûĵ˵ǣˣôôĴʦأ
ֶŮôһʯļͺˣЩһһٳԶʮ룬֪Ҫ࣬ȻԼҲٳԶʮ롣
˼ϴô˵Ȼ²һ϶ҲûˬȴֻڨڨЦЦ
ĻǰĹǿˮˣʵǸζ̫()ˣֻܿܳԣ̫ôĥˡ
û()ȻֻŲܳԣҺö
̫ˣ̫ˣôҪˣ
ҶӹУͣʿˮղŵһĢžûθڣһڲˡ
̫û()ˣʱȻŪôĢ
һ밡
ͬ󣡡
ֱĹǽгһƬ̫ˣĿĻ׳ȫ޷ȥ
ôģΪʲôЩû()Ľ()Ģ꣬ˣζôŨҪˣ
ҲǣΪʲôҪô㣬̫ĥˣ
ֻǾֻŲ̫ܳĥˣǵһ飬ʱҲ
֮ǰҪĢҲԼĿ()Եõǽ
ԭܺãζҲ㣬Ϊӵģѳˡ


1539.1539 ֪

1539 ֪
һһʼĲ˶û(ͦͦ)ζġ
һ߳Էһ߿ֱǹζͬŵˡ
ž;ÿԭʳʱȻζ
Ƕһ뷨һĢ
Ҳŵǹζóգʳ˾ģȻ֪Ģжˡ
Լķʧȥθڣζһڡ
ҲΪرˬ
ôĢ϶ˣ㲻ð̺ۺͶ޽Ģȥ϶ҲǸˡ
ϱ׺͵Цݣȴܵ
رǿ֮ǰһóԵļˣ벻ٳֻ˶Ļģ
ֱȴֳֻܱš
һߣ޽ʯɾ
ŴҶһһںöģЦʣû𣿡
ûб½歶⡣
û취ʳ޷ܾ
Ц˵ļûˣĢ()ɡ
覼Ե()Ƚ϶࣬ͽʣµķڿռˡ
úã鷳ĴʦˣȻЩźûĢˣĢ()Ҳζ϶
()Ģó޼ϴýٶ顣
ó
()Ģ֮ӹϡ
֮ǰһһһ߽ޣֱĿ֮ͿԽĢϵĲ˷ŵԼĲ
мѧҲر档
ϵãѹɱ״ʯĨһͣȻ󽫱档
ϵתһֽ䷭ӡ
ʱζ˲ð˳ܡ
Ŀļ̲ס˵
㣬ζŲĢ
ҪżԣǾ͸ˬˣ
ûİ˰ǣһ˵ֲˣбԾͲˣʼݵġ
Ҳ׷ˢ
ǣбԾͲˣʼݣֻŲܳԵ˻ء
Ǵһ˽Ŀ黹ܼԱˡ
ܿӺãһ˷
ÿ()İô()ĢϣȥȽϺʵôܱˡ
Ʒҧһڣ()ĢϽܺõζֱˡ
ٵļ¾ͽһ꣬ڶ
Ҳһرǵݵˣһ߳Իһ¶ܵģùۿֱٴαĹǣ޲ȥˡ
ô̫ɶˣҪҪԵôܣѾҪˣ
ЩһȫͲ֪ʲôǱ֪
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1540.1540 ЧҲ̫˰

1540 ЧҲ̫˰
ǿҪǹζĥˣǱƷڵѸٵ()֮δ
սŵĽʿ()ٴθ̾ҾʮҶܳȥ
ڳ˳˳ǣһܳԡ
ΪʲôҲԼٳԶʮ뷨ʵѾˡ
ˣһܳԣǺĽҲ뵱
()˼θںܴˣʵˣǶһδ
ôôóأĴʦǾˣ̲סĴָ
ǰ(i)ڸ֮()ģȴðһ뷨
һ£Ǿ͸ڶ¼ֱɣ˳ÿ컹ܲһ䷹
Цллݿ佱ҵĳջ⣬ʳʵҲҪ
ˮĢζЧ⻰١
Ҳ֮ǰͽˮĢתһЩħš
ħٵЧɱʳǷۺöˣȻؼ֮˳
Ұ죬ҾĢ֣ҲôζĲ̫óˣ
ǣҲ˭ģƷ̲סNɪ
ҲͬĢҲ϶ζġ
Ϊ()ԭƽθڲرãû뵽ԼȻ뼦ֳ()
һθоôţЩԼȻôࡣ
վ׼ʳоͿ˶Ů
һ𾪣ָָ˵ϵĶˡ
ô˵ŷӦǹΪ˳ԣΪʵġ
̫óˣ¡
˷׷׳Ŵʵļ˿ȥ
ֻ̺۱Ƚսսʿϵİ̺ۻδȫ⣬ϵİ̺ѾʧˣŮһϵĶˡ
ȻΪˣϵƤ⻬ʵʵûˡ
ûˣЧҲ̫˰ɣųԳŵĶӲŵĸ̾
ŮӰͳա
ϵĶûˣһŮ̲סԼȵĽ
һŮϲأȻЧûˣ
ЩÿγȥĿ⣬ȵԱ³š
ҲǿֱŲôһԵ̬ʵֱ֮ͷͺˡ
ڿûжԼ֮ǰĳ嶯ֵ̫ˣĶڽˡ


1541.1541 ̫

1541 ̫
Ҳ˹ȥԼȦҲˡ
ЩϵĶԽԽأǣŮѻ˺֡
ȥϰҲΪϵĶϰ˵󣬽ˡ
ϵĶںˣҲζŮѺ͹ˡ
Ҷżˣ̺صսսʿϵİ̺һı䵭
̫ˣ߹ȥս˿˿
ƷҲ˹ȥĢЧ̫ˣ
ſЦĴʦһСʱûأϵİ̺ۺͶˡ
Ҳˣ֮ǰжϵʱ䣬һ񶼱ˡ
ǰĴʦĢҩЧյҲ̫׼ˣ̲ס̾
½̲סʣӳҲռģ
ʧЦǣұ()һҽľϵߣԶֲ()˽⣬жϳԼʱЧ()
ô˵㶼½Щˡ
һ˾治ѵĿսսʿϵİ̺ȫʧ
Ҫۿ޷Чôãʱô̡
ŶԺˮĢ(r)
ݴյƷǰЦʣܣܲȥڵˮĢǵĿ֮ĸҴȥϱŮա
̺ۺͶЧôãյЧҲ϶
ƷüĻãǵı˵
ʣĴʦǺʳĲˣԺ󻹻Ģ𣿡
ЦŻصʳķֳȽ⣬Ժ󻹻᳤ģôʳĺӶҲˮĢġ
ǾУƷڵͷĿĿƵĶԼûĵúøɻȽĿ֮ÿ˸Ǵȥ
ôõϰ壬Ѿˣ
໣ϰ̫ˣݶˡ
֮ǰĴʦ˵ˣĢֻܹգأԼҲа
½״Ц˵ܣ㲻ܺ˱ˣǲǸҲ㣿
Ģζ̫ˣǶղôӣЧ
ڶЧ˭ûл˵ġ
Ʒڴ󷽵Ц˵û⣬вμӵļαȽĿ¼˶Ǵȥ
ǷѾͶµģĢҲǵ


1542.1542 Ҫ

1542 Ҫ
᲻ֻ˸ˣαҲ
һȻԶ˴ҵע̫ˬˮĢζ͹ЧҲܺ棬ƷҪǣһЦˡ
ˣɹۿֱĹȴˡ
ҲҪһˮĢζ
ǲ
Ұ()岻ǺܺãҪǿĻ͵ˮĢ
ҪգҲжҪ齱ƷĢɡ
¥˰ɣȫôˣ齱Ҳֵ㡣
ǣϣԺõˮĢɡ
Ǽ۸᲻ܸߣ
۸ѾˣǾǲǮ𣿡
أĢ
Ģ
һƬˢȫĢġ
ްʾһۡ
ʮִ˼ЦһԲˮĢҽȥԣɹĻӭλҿɫƷ
Ҫ״ȥˮĢĹЧӦΪˡ
֮ǰ˵ֻĢȥһֻ
ԭˢĹ˲件
໣ҵ(i)ˣ
ҪȥĲĢ
ΪһӶܳԲĢˣĲȻ̫ˣ
֮ǰĴʦѧĢĢ()ڿԳԵˣһź
ҪܳԵĴʦ⿵ľͺˣ
ˣܳԵĢˣ¥ϵı֪㣡
ǣ˭ĴʦĢ
۲Թܶ޸еĹǣҲܿ쿪ʼķ˿(i)
ԭѾ˳ȦܾûϹ(r)ѵޣΪĢ(r)ѣ(r)һȥ
㿴ֱĻпٵĻһ˿()
μӽĿΪ˴ѹ޵ģҲҪ֤̼ͷǸϸļ̳ˣҪġ
벻ͨ()ϵѾʯ˲٣Ϊʲôתˣ
Ŀ()ϣѵŮ˵ԭ
Ů()Ũˣʯżʱ򷢳˼Ŀɳȥˡ
Ҫǿаס鷳ˡ
Уһֱͻ
㷢ֵĲϿҪط𣿡ľ¡
ʯͷϷһ󲨶һ翵˵ԶˣӦþҵİɡ
ʲôʱȥǸŮ()ϵˣֻҪ()ϵˣҾˡȲ˵


1543.1543 Чһ

1543 Чһ
վһȻǲϲġ
Ȼû취ʯ
֮ǰԤ⵽ջһ飬ʱһջӴͳû()ϵˡ
ųĸתƵ()ϰɣʱȥùҿͷ᲻ټ˸¡
Ҫôޣ˭ҪܻǣĶأ
Ӧҵǧ𣬶ǾƹŮΪʲôҪ֣
˶ϲ˾ĹɷݣͷǰҲ(ͦͦ)ϲģͬ˾ϰ࣬ΪʲôҪ޻صأ
ⲻܹԼ̫̰ˣҪĶŲòġ
ôһ룬ԭǵ㲻Ҳʧˡ
ʯ˵ֻҪյǸŮ()ϵˣĶ˵
ţһõ()˵ġ֣ʯ֮()ϵҲǿ̼Ҽ̳˵λøаա
һѾõļˡ
ϵĶͰ̺۶ʧˣƤȴӰ첻⻬ë׻Ƚϴһ(to)Ʒʹܹ֮⻬ϸˡ
ھΪױƷ˾õʱ
Ůڶǲһš
Ĵʦ̫ˣûˣƤŲϸ壬ëرĴŮ˵ȻҲϣԼƤ⻬ϸ塣
ռĻƷÿ˵ĲͬƤ()ַԣһҾܳЧˡ
⻤ƷĲϾûĢֹЧˣΪṩ䷽ЧҲܺãʱϻ㡣
ŮܱĽӹԵĻƷллĴʦ̫(i)ˣ
ҪǺ죬Ƕ޲ȥһڡ
ʿҲûоܾȻǾƤϸϸϵǺܴ󣬵ܸҲУܸϱǣ
ҪĴʦ͵ģЧһ
ллĴʦ˸л
һŮ̲סɲ˰װŻˮ磬֮˵ģ
Ĵʦ⻤ƷԼ𣿡о⻤ˮˬر󣬱֮ǰƷƺֺܹöˣ̲סʡ
ЦŻصṩ䷽ҽĹ˾зġ
Ů۾˼ǣ˾зģԺ𣿡
µľһ(to)Ч̫ãԺȴû취


1544.1544 õĹʱ

1544 õĹʱ
˶Է뷨
⣬ЦŵͷģĻƷ˾ٹʱͻῪ
ʱЩƷгۣȫûм뻯ѧӼģԲƤȻĻױƷҲ½ۡ
Ů󷽵Ц˵Ҳʹ֮ǷЧ
ǽǣ棡
һʱ֪ĢЧŻܹͰ̺ۡ
֪زԶĿҪӽĿЧпܾͻȥԡ
жͰ̺۵ˣȻͰ̺ʧƤ϶Ӱ첻⻬ë״óƷЩˣ˳ˡ
ϲԵ޹ʵĻᣬܶʱ򶼵Լȥ졣
óƷĻƷ˾зģҲ֪档
ԭЩоֵֹġ
ô󷽲ܻ䲻˵ҷûʲôˡ
ҶԻƷЧһرĺϾṩ䷽
ǵģ֮ǰ(qng)ĵѾĬܾⷽṩ䷽ƼĻƷ
ŮЦݣ̫ˣһ(to)Ҿȥ򣡡
Ȼֱͷ˵ڴȿҵƤһؼҺҾͿһֱÿôҿ⻤ƷЧ
ҪûҪΪϵĶգܸм
ԸԼ档
ղϻˮ(i)ֻƷЧ
Ŀߵ¼ҲϣͷϣصƤ״̬
ƬȻԽĿֱûмӹκ˾Чġ
Ǽ״һͬҪ֪ƷЧֱֱ۵ġ
úãֱǵֱӣЧҲȥ򡣡
ЧӦòĴʦһֱճƤ״̬úãϸۣɲָֻͣƷЧ
һֱΪƷգҲĴʦܰҽ
ڵĻƷлѧԪأʹ̫ƤʲôģЧԽõԽǣĴʦ˵ĴȻƷ֪ǲġ
򵥣ʱһ(to)ȥˣûлѧкʣǲǴȻģһ¾֪ˡ
Զԣ򵥣ڵĵǣŷеʱܲһ(to)


1545.1545 Ҫ

1545 Ҫ
ֱĵѾˣ˶򣬵мʮһºܿ϶
ǰҪܹԤͺˣ
ԶԣǿĴʦĹ˾ȿͨԤ
˾ֶ֪ء
ֱ۷תˣ˾ֵġ
ȻˣЦԾͷ˵ҽĹ˾缯ţֻлƷ˾ʳƷ˾ͲϹ˾ȤĶԹע¡
ڴ˵ԤҲᷢϢͽ˵˵ҪǿеĻڹ˾ٷǲϹġ
ĹһξУڵĵ㲥ЧܺãֱͲټƷˣŲ˾ÿᷳ
ԭҲû뵽Ԥ˹ǵۣúܿУ׵ûƷ˾δҵȺ졣
ôӴҵǶܸˣܶ˷׷ױʾҪȥԤ
ǲ缯ţĿǰʳƷ˾ҵˡ
ܶ˾͹עǲŵʳƷ˾ϵӡ
()()㳦ȣЩûмͳԹģǺ֮·׷׵㿪һЩ׼
ֻһᣬϷųȫһգȥ˼дšꡱе¡
һˣʲô()㳦ôóԣ
Ŵһּ︽ʳƷĲ˵Щ()㳦ɲ˵СƵһͺθڡ
Ƕ׷׵ղأ׼лʱ͹ԿͷϵĴߴ١
ǲҲȫԣҪϿ쿪ͨƷԤͨģøϿ첹()ȻԴġ
ڼ诿Ŀֱ
ôΪ˾һԤУҪˡ
ȴû뵽ô죬ӵĵ绰㿪ǲŷ֣۾Ȼˢ˼ڷٵš
֮ǰƷȫһգٶȼֱȷɡ
Ǹ棬ҪˡʧЦ
һ˵ǣˣ
ǳϵģ˱˵ĹЧӦ̫ˣҲڼ㿴ֱøϿȥ˾ŻƷԤʳƷ˾ߵ
һָоʳƷ˾Ӧ󣬻˸Ͽȥ()Ʒչ
뿪ǰᣬϹ˾ʱ俪Ӧûֱһڵǰȥ׼á
诵ͷر˱ȥɣҪҼĹЧӦ
ã()첽뿪ȥ˹˾
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1546.1546 Ƿ

1546 Ƿ
һ߻ϣǼŹĢЧˣҲĿˡ
սսʿȴƤԻæĵ顣
ǵģڵݺ͸ݵ˵ǿҪ£ƷͬǸ¼ƵҪ
ֻҪŶһξ룬ȵԷȥ䡣
Ա֮ɫҲİ
εҰֱԼÿ˶ҰרϢ
ӿռｫǵóԼҲһŵһô¡
½Լ󣬿ż˵ǲҪҹ
óűãռҹȽϰȫ˷ѾҹҶĺúϢɡ
½û뵽˯ҹҪռ¡
֮ǰռЧǶû׷Լ
ҹû(qng)ҶϢֱҲ¼ƴ˯ֱ豸رգǷʲô(qng)ŻῪ
˯Ϣն죬˿ѰϢ
߳ߵԶһʯͷ¡
ʮӺ()˽Ų
ûתͷʯͷ̧ͷŷ·һסǡ
Ѱ߹ȥҲ˴ʯͷϡ
Ҫ(qng)鵽ˡ
ûж˵
ѰǷġ
˵Լ鵽(qng)սս˧ĶӣǸս˧ڶĺӣǰǸС͸⼸ͻȻģǿʢ
һͬĸĸ磬ͬĸĵãԭǶµļ̳ˣǰҲ㡣
ֻڸ֮ĹâҲıȡսһָ߲㿪ʼƫ
ĵûСǰܵҲţ֮Ҳƽӹ˲١
ǰм䲢ܳ裬Դӿʼչ¶âսδ󹦺󣬸ս˧ҲԽԽӡ
£ôͬĸֵܽã˼Ǹս˧Ȣӡ
ս˧ĵһδս˧ʱΪһΪ˾شӡ
ĸǵڶӣĸʱȥˡĸǸ̫ļ壬ǰôܸս˧ӡ
ܶ˶Сʱ׾¶ԼʵӦΪ˵սŵļ̳Ȩ
ˣ߻յһ֪Ϣ˽Ӧú˺ԸϴǸ򵥵Ľɫ


1547.1547 ܻӪ

1547 ܻӪ
Ļץסһص㡣
˼ǣԴʼչ¶ʵԭĴͿʼŵĵܵҲƽӹ
Ѱͷռ(qng)˵пĹâ̫ʢ˵Ĺâ
粻Ȳϴǰսŵļսз˴˲СʧŻᱻսŸ߲òʺ̳ˡ
۾أ
ǵһħƹ˾³Сӣ磬ͬͬĸ
ǰħƷ츳ֻħƷڵţ֪ȡһǰ˫ȴ⣬Ѿ˳ħ̨
츳óӪ˾ǰĺܺáħƵ츳Ƚһ㣬Ҳûڹ˾ְԼ˸Ĺ˾档
ǰۣǰȴһСӣĸ(i)˵һħƹ˾ְ
ȥ˹˾֮󣬲ֻħˮ׼ͻڹ˾ͶչҲֵĺͻȴʧΣ˶»вת֧̳й˾
ˣ½δޡһת
Щȣ½δޣ˼ڲˣ
ȴնѡ
ܿ죬Ͼһǰš
ħƹ˾ʽ͵ս½ս˧СŮ½Լ
˵˲ԭܵ˵()񲻺ϵ½Լġ
˲飬½·պǿиȱݵϢ˽Լǰ¿ʼʢġ
ôпܾ˽Ūġ
Ƕ˺ü꣬ǰŽԼʼǿԼˣϷк֧ܶ
պܶ˵˼½ıǿֻҪˣʵкܴġ
ȴѡ˻ԼҪƾԼʵȥһ̳˵λã˵ԼţҲǸʵֵܶóޡ
ϲ½ԼҲΪŮҸ𣬷֮Ϊ()񲻺ϵ飬½Ҳõȵȡ
ܵ˵Լֻûбõ˺֧֣ܶ˵½ôȱݣһ㣬()ݲͣҲ䲻
˺ܻӪԼһԼ˶ᱻķܶࡣЩ̵˵


1548.1548 Ǵ

1548 Ǵ
½()񲢲ƷҲ˵ô
ҲΪ˽ԼȺԼδޣ
Ѱм˵Щ˾ˮһƬ֪ʵ(qng)͸ƣЩ(r)ֵġ
֪δǰûٽ½δսű()¡
½Լûб粵ĬȡԼʵŻ˳ɹӪ
ҪǻԲôԴУˮùǶԷ
Ҳ֪½ΪʲôѡĬҪû취ó۷ҪҲͶԷԼĬˡ
ð½()񣬺ߵĿ()ܴ󣬱Ͼ㲻ó϶ֽţǿҲԹ
ʮ**ץס()񣬲Żôɵġ
ָʯͷҲ鵽Ϣ⣬޷ټħ죬ԭԾӪȽóĴ磬Ҳʼ½˷ϵĴʧԽԽͻ
Ѱͷȷʵġ
⽫˵ҲЩԾǲ⣿
εûӣ⣬ȴ㡣
ʲô˼Ѱһ˵⼸Ȼ׷ߣɺʲôϵأ
͵ûз𣿺մߵЩˣʼĺǵľȴõù
ǲϵĳɹЩ˾Ͳϵĵùʧһ˵ɺϣɻ(qng)Ǵ𣿡
֮ǰѾúо()׷ߵ(qng)
ø翪ʼ׷ġ
ʼʵȻҲûôڣԭҪ̸赱ӵĵܵܣҩ츳
ɺҩϷϣԵڹ˾ͼһԽԽá
Ƽ֮ǰоϵˣչĶԽԽУܵû̳ɣЦͳ˵նǱɫġ
ֻõ(qng)ʧˣ򼸺ġ
ҲڿʼӴ׷󣬽ڶսָսȶԽԽͻ˵˼δս
ȽǿĶ֣ԽԽơ
սż̳жҲɹ⡱䣬Ҫ֣覾࣬ս˧Ҳ
Ҳܳɹӱ̳еڶսżûж


1549.1549 ȷʵкܴ

1549 ȷʵкܴ
ʯҲǰűΪһ˾̳˵ġ
ͬʶ׷֮󣬱ƽƽڶһɶϣһ½ʯҵͬȥƿع˾Ȩ
ܵ˵˶ʶ׷֮һɶģһҪͬ㣬ǵԽԽãǵĶֶԼͬĿʼ˥
֮ǰͻкܴ⣬βμӽĿԷֶʹߣѰϸһ顣
ȻĲ²ûдǸƵ(qng)
ѾȷѾǵʯմȾˣȴҲҪۡ
Ǿǽ˵ĺգȻתƵǼ()ϡ
()ϲõˣǵĶ֡
յˣù˵ˣǹȻͻԽԽ˳ùĻᷢ⣬硣
Ҳѹһμ覣ܾ()ϵȱʧ˲٣ԭҵˡ
ôǿ󣬳޵⣬϶ʯ˲˵ˡ
ʯˣʯǶֵ˺ȻתƸ˼ЩˣҲ϶˲١
ЩģǷС
㿿ʯûܹµķʽϵˣ
ȴǻĴӱ()͵͵ǿˣռΪ֮󻹺ˡ
һҲΪʲô֮ǰ̰
ڵʱڣڵ͵˲£²ͣϱ()ǻ꣬ĳȻ
()ϵӦûȽϸߣŻ㣬˵()ǿʯĿ顣
Ѱô˵ҲϸĽ()ߵ˷һ顣
ܾȵķ֣˵ģЩ˵ľͬ㡣
ǾԴʶԽԽͻ㣬ǵĶԽԽù
㲻˵ãһ˵ȷʵкܴⰡѰ˵
ͷţ
л(qng)ˣ˵(ͦͦ)õġѰһһֱѹեʱıлҪġ
ȻѰԭĮȾһ˿Ц⣬֪ͺã
ʣ֪Ǹ()ʲôΪʲô()ΧƵЩ˶ܱúȴ˥
Ϊ()һʯܹձ˵ĺˣȻǼ˵ùתƵ()ϡû
ѰȲѣڣǵõʯǺˣ
ǰǰ˳˳ˮģҪʲô


1550.1550 кϷ

1550 кϷ
˵ĿĽ㻹ǵ𣿡
ó⣬óѰоϣʯġܹ֪߼ϣܹǰһЩԵ
Ҳûձ˵ˣ˵ŻԽԽá
ûзӵ(qng)ӦþʯҲŷôĸı䡣
˵Ҫϴɺһμֱ㣬÷һҲͲ޻Լ(qng)ˡ
ȻʲôûκϣȫĻʹǷ߷߲ƽģп϶á
Ѱ¶񣬡ѹҵһۼͲϲ̫ȱ£
ĺ˷У˵ĻӦûὫֱɱˡ
һתʣҪԸǸ𣿡
ЦЦҪǸңȻҪġ
ܶʱܶùȥģվߣ()ϵˣʮ**Źġ
Ѱеζ棬ûкϷˣ
һ·϶ġ
ûİһۣͲҷˣȻʱ()ߣҲŵù
Ѱʼ磬Ƴһۣ𣿡
վ()һֻеĲڿ㶵˴ʯ˵ҷҪֵĻùֻ
ҪΪʲôô˵ĵУԼ()ôʱĵܽᡣ
ʧЦҾôģ
Ѱûתͷһ߳Żȥ·ߣһ˵ǰɱʧźã
ʧҹɫС
һᣬԶԭһķǣһ㲦¶˸Ĺ㡣
˹վʯͷ
ڶһ磬ʰú·
Ȼռģһҹ¡
½ԭռģȴҲһ
ߵ()ЦʣӳҪҪռ£ǽʲô
Լ⼸ͶڴЦŵͷУǾռһԿ
óű󣬶˵Ͳϣ
ԭŵ歶סŲתͷԼʲôʱ
ȻǴżְŰɣȴɡ
ŵڶҵͲϣô
صʾ磬鷳
һЦֻҪҵͲϣ鷳Ҳûʲô
ţ߰ɡָָһ


1551.1551 ׼

1551 ׼
Ҷܺ棬ǲҵͲϣԶûзԣǸ첽ȥ
ϵĹҲ治ѡ
˵Ĵʦռ׼𣿡
Ҫû(qng)ǿ϶׼ȴ˵
ŵڶ죬ﻹԭʼɭֵΧأô׳ͲϣҾò̫ܡ
Ҳÿ()󡣡
Ǿ͵ſɣҺܺռ
Ҳǣ
ǹǵصۿ˶ϣԭӦñܹעǿǿһ飬ˡ
һҲֱʯƲƲ죬ԭʼɭΧôܻͲϳ֣Ϊνռ棬ԽԽˡ
㶼ͬһ(qng)£ԭʼɭֵΧܳͲϣһܳء
Ҳ̫ˣҲãռʧܣԻᱻЩ硣
˹ֱ()ΪϴʦĳʶҲΧֲܳϡ
ûпڷĪָоܾԼѡһǸĴʦ򵥡
ֻϣˡ
ԭʼɭóܶ࣬Ҷ˷óɻǻᾭ
رԽߣҲԽԽ(r)ó治ֵֻļƵԽԽࡣ
״ӿռóһЩɫĹӣȻһ˷һ֭Ȼ()ϡ
ʲôã½ȻʣȴѾӹ֭Һ()
صֹ֭óЧúܶ࣡
ôһ˵˸ԥҲ࣬Ū()ϡ
ŵƷں͵ˣҲ׷()ϡ
һᣬҷ֮ǰó棬Ȼʧˡ
׼ȷ˵()ϴǲϲζһӽǽžˡ
֪Ƕ¡
֭ЧҲ̫˰ɡЦŸ̾Ȼġ
˷׷ͬǰЩӿǶƵˣ̫֭ˣ
ȼ֮Ц˵
ÿκһ𣬺ʲô(qng)ü˳
Ц˵׼
һߵĺ˳ɣһԾ鷳˲١
()ŵķԽߣЧԽ
ͣó棬ߺʹϮ
ĳӡ
ģķֿ¶޳ϱ˲ٰоҪץĸо
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1552.1552 ôҲӦռϷŶ


1552 ôҲӦռϷŶ
ĻʹҲˣȻ׷׵ǰ档
ȻóϮ¶ֺϣ½С
˹״ЩεĿڵҪСȥһ()·ɡ
ó涣ҧҩȥĨһĨ¿ڴͳһҩ˹ȥ
㣬ϾǶԷʹеһԱ
ǾĻʹߣΪó涣ҧһֱҿʲôľ͹ʵ̫Ӹ·ʱ䡣
˹Ļ΢΢˺죬ЩΣţȻһ()·ɡ
ӹҩ࣬첽ߵԶ˳ȥĨĨҩ࣬()ϵȷʵ˲٣һ(to)䳤ų
ģʹҲ˿
㣬û°ɣ˹ĵʡ
ǿĶԼЦ˵û£߰ɣ
˶׷¶͵񣬻ǻ()߳ǰȥ
Ȼһʼķֿ㱻ó涣ҧвڼûн(qng)·˳
һһ߽עն˵ֱϣѸ˿ڷ磬˿
ԭҪһȲôģȴû뵽ó̫ˣ˷á
ֱ֪Ŀڶϲ(qng)ŮҪӪһּϵ
һߣһ߶ڿֱ
ʯֻ˹ɱüͷ˵Ҳ֪ǸôŪģȥЧǺܺá
ҲǱŪķʤǰԼЧԽԽˡ
˹ʣʲôð취𣿡
˹ϾжҰ澭飬óĵطҲҵǲϲζֲһ·ڹ۲죬ҵǵġ
ǹӵ֭ҺóᣬŻܿġ
ʵЩ⣬û뵽׼(ͦͦ)֡
ϸ·ûʲô鷳һķˡ
ܴԭʼɭռҰˣ˲ͬĲɫȥζص㻹ۡ
ģҲǲĲϡ
˼ĵϣ˵ζһΣĻŵζ
ĲɫȥǼҳˣζȴĸһ¥ҲֳĻ
һغϣڶ޵ĳޱࡣ
ǲˬĪ˵()ϵôҲӦռϷŶ԰


1553.1553 û


1553 û
ԽԽӦþǸƻ
֪ϴһǵŵˣȥҰֱĿɱޣȴƻˡ
ҲǴ쿪ʼе(qng)Ͳƿ֮УЩߡ
һеĵ߾
УһǸŮƻļƻˡ
һߣķζҲǶģƷں͵ĺܿġ
ܾûǲ˵㣬Ǹġ
ȻıˣζҪúܶ࣬ǾҪһ䵽ףָѪˡ
극Ϣ˻ᣬҼָķߡ
СʱһƬͣס˽Ų
ֻǰɭȫɣÿô֮ĸȫһ𣬲¶棬ͨǰ·ס
óű˵ҪͲϾ
歿ĻأһָоĲ²ϡ
ϴʦֻǿҲǺҪġ
ǵӳ鷳㽫ҵ̽óԡ
ӿռ˳ţ
歶Ȼǰϵ߶
ԼʮӺͻȻһڱ
æͷĻϵʾһϲʾͲϵԪء
̨Ŀǰ߶˵Ĳ̽ͷоֻҪͲϵԪڸһͻʾ
ֻҪѰҺûˣҪԼ
½һ𾪣ȻͲϣ
ɿһռ
ûˡ
ŻųƬģδܴ̽ǰ֪(qng)
ֻ˵ռδ֪(qng)
ȥҪǱ˵϶ţԼȴܲˡ
ЦЦлл佱
˼Ȥָǰ̸ڵӴʣǰЩͲ𣿡
ҡҡͷͲڹĺ棬ڱߡ
ǸƷ黨()߶ػ޵ȣƷͲһҲػߡ
һ㶣Щṥ𣿡
°͵ᣬֻûԹԻ֪Σ
½һ˲Ȥȥԣ
λǺսӣЦ˵УȥԣСĵ㣬ӦñʳѲˡ
ô˵½һЩɵ̬ã


1554.1554 û


1554 û
½ͳŹ˹ȥҪǵĸǰ
ɲŵ()ǰЩͻȻǻһ׷ײ½Ϯȥ
歸ܵĲЩȫʮ
½鷳ˣĵ˵
Ļһ䣬Ҿͼ½ϵĶܳĸɴ̫ˣʵҲ
ܿıһУ˻
һѿ˳ֳ˽ȥ
覼״ʣ˵ܽȥ𣿡
ǰǸ竣Ȼ()ҲߣЩ˵£ûкúõֻ߼ߣǸֺԴѳġ
ҡҡͷܣܿͻᱻġ
½ҪǶôܸ㶨ϰٿĴȫȥͲ˵ġ
ȻΪ()սȽϸߣ۷ʱЩҲ޷˵
ֻһ꣬ٲҪ군ˡ
覸̾û뵽ֻһЩô
ǰһֱǣһηԭ(ͦͦ)Σյġ
ˣǷǰԼȫǾ֮ܣЩ˺ƵתԼʵ(ͦͦ)Ĵ
ȥĻһغϾͱˣ
ô˵ͻȻ˼һȽĿҪʵ𣿡
覺ԥĵͷȻ룡
ԴϴʵȲĸоȥսŲսǺܿҪΪڻҡ
ٱ˿𣬲ٸӶҪʵûԼսż̳Ȩ
ӯӯһЦҪʵĻڵһûᣡ
û᣿һ㶡
ָָǰ֣ȥһô򶷾ܴġ
覵ɴ۾ǿʮģҲ߼ء
򣬶ʵҲ̫ˣô
ЦȻкܴĹ()ֻҪ߾Ͳɱ˵ġ
ֻҪ壬ҲȫԸ㣬ȴܶ𵽺ܺõĶսѵķӦߡ
覵ļȻܻЩǱǸûᣬҪңȥɡ
һ(r)ͻȻ(qng)ҵȻˣȥ
˵һûᣬǾһǡ
ǱʲôڳԵͷȥսܱ
ڻ½ֱ˻ʿˮʣû𣿡


1555.1555 ĴʦĴʦ


1555 ĴʦĴʦ
½ʮֵ߶һֱɣоԼͳ顣
ЦǻսʿȻˣ
ߵ˲ôóʹսϲûס
ֻܸߵˣʻ׵Ҳڣ()ͶܻߣƵĸܡ
˿ãȥˣ
޶ʵҲܴʣȥĻʵа𣿡
ͷУոҪʵҲһȥɡ
ãЦŵͷ
޾ȻҪһȥЦ§§ļ򣬡ֵܣһ𣡡
ãߣҲûдٳȥ
ص֮үӶȽӣȥһ׹˾ΪһaƷʱȽϸߵĻס
覼ʻһbƷʵס
Ȼ˾ͳ˹ȥһô
ܿ˶ɣǶԱǿĶܼᶨǷ׷ֳȥαɣٳȥ
Ǽ״
ĴʦǶȵģٺˡ
ֲϵıɣʵͲԵȣܴ𣿡
֪ܲǿźŰǱһֱһСʱ˰ɣ
ֻǣ½Ҳ޷ȥֱɳˡ
ȻͲǰɿӶûõ
ǰսǿ½ǰĿ϶޷ȥ˵ҲˣһӦþûˡ
ȻʵҪ
ףǿ쿴ٺζûбɣ㿪˸
ǣҷǵٶȺݶȶ
½ҲһҸоʼʱǿˣ
½һô
ȿȣջȵĻ
ĴʦĴʦ˵ܹЩʵȻġ
ȻʵͲϿüţҲơ
˵Ĵʦʲô취أ
ʲô취ռ𣿡
˵Űɣ
ֹʮӣ½նôٴαɻ
ȻҲûм壬ǴӻǺˮɫܲ԰ޱȣˡ
歿첽ȥסû°ɣ
½ҡҡͷû£Ѿȫʧȥսˡ
ЩǸ˵˼ûȥѰͲˡ
ѾˣսʱõһΣɿ֮ܺǰĢйϵܺ;оһЩɻûͻƽȥ


1556.1556 ôСֵ


1556 ôСֵ
ôǿȵĶսЩķӦر죬ҲٶȺݶȶ
ֻϧûﵽˡ
ЦЦûϵʵڽȥĻҲǿ󡣡
ǾżߣʻĻҲսȴû½ߡ
֮ǰԼԱ⣬ͲӦû⣬ȴԼ̫ˡ
ҲΪҪѰҲϾ۶ѣ(qng)ֻźˡ
覺޻ڼ((Ʊ))ʵѰһֱĿһôϿš
ϣ
ʵҪǿȥûġ
ȻռŴҹԲֻǸɿţȥѰͲϡ
ûǣŮ˵Ľ򻹿һϹ˾֮ǰ򻤷Ʒʱǿء
üҪϣ
һȻδֹ϶սԺǿ
ʮһˮ룬ʮʮǺܴġ
Ѱ˸ǷҶͲûȤҸҪȥ
һǿݾͺãҪ᲻ھͱ¶ֵ
һۣϷҪǮġ
һ̫Ǹˣ֮ٿһΣߺߣ
˵ĶԻ½ЩΣȥ˺׾ͿԽȥƵģզܲ
رѰֱʼڣɻר̼£Ǻ
ӳǵѾ͵λ
歽½ߵһôţ˲
Ҳ˹ȥжһƿҩݸ½ǻָܵҩ˰ɡ
ָҩʮ˵һָܻ롣
½ѾΣûԥӹͺȥ
ܿ죬ɴ۾ӳaƷʵĻָҩ
ƵҩʵҲУǶǴսõģֻôһ֧Ϊ۸ǳĸ߰򵽡
Ҳ㶣ʲôaƷʻָҩ
ûкȹȴ֪ҩȥ֮ʮҵָܺܿܺܣҪ߰˼ߣȥ˲ָܻ
϶ٻ֣ȫս¢ˣǶӳȻôνó½ȡ
Цǰôˣ
½ЩӵĿҩøҺ̫˷ˡ
ȴͬ˵ҩƳǸ˺ȵģ״̬ҪǷʲôͻ¼鷳ˣǶӳȻҪ֤Աİȫˡ
һƿҩˣǲôСֵġ˵


1557.1557 ̫


1557 ̫
ҩĲ⣬ֱ۾óҲá
ҩ˵ʵЧûл()Чãõҩ
ǻʶܸߣƵĵҩƷʶǼƷҲ˶ûе
aǸƷʵҩһЩʵġ
⣬⻰½歶ˡ
ӳ̫ˣaĸƷʻָҩȻʲôǶ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
½Ҳǽ(qng)()ӣǾллӳˣѾöˣ
ҪȥԡָܣսֻԾ
Ҫ½ʲôطãǶսʵ̫(r)ˡ
Ϣɣ취ڰ֡
½ʣʲô취
ܲܶЩҩʡ
ʧЦǿɲǴ壬ֻʶҩûõġ
׼ôأ½ʡ
Ц˵һľϵߣȥܲܺǹͨ
½˳ǣǵһ˵˭ȥͨء
Ȼô˵ҲɨˣȿȣǶӳԡ
ЩĹ()ǺǿģСĵ㡣ѡ
Ҳ˵ӳʵòͲҲǿҵİȫҪ
λŮ()ӡãЦŰģ
˵ͳȥ
ʱ޺ҲѾƣɺ׷״ӻ˳
ƿָҩǣˣһָټ
ϣ覽ӹҩͺȥž˾ЧҲ̫ˣҾȫָˡ
Ҳҩȥоĵָܾ˱֮ǰﲻ֪ҲǺaƷʻָҩ
Цݳް
Ҳܺ˱ЦЦ
ҩָһٶƿء
֪()ݣûжྪȣϾƷsҩʦ
ΪĴ󷽣оůůġ
()۾ܿĻָҷ½ˣȥѾ֮ǰսʱ
Ҳ˭ûлҩĵȼЧ
ԶŴߵȣĵݼ״㽫˳
ҿaƷʻָҩһ¾óƿҲ̫ܼˡ
Ҳһ()ۣǰ˭õһƿҩŲŹؼʱãȻôóˡ
ݾЩԣֻһ״ʦĻô
תͷȸڰĦϵƷʣܣĴʦʲô
Ʒڹ˵ܣ
뽫ıӹȥܸͷ֪
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1558.1558 ֱ


1558 ֱ
ݷ⣬()ΪҳһԱȻҲˡ
ʲôôʯüЩˬ
()Ϊһ˾ļ̳ˣҩ()Ҳֻƿ
Ůͳƿ޺ãȫ˷
˷׷ҡͷ֪ղ鵽ϢӦþǸС壬ߵ()ҲǹŴʦͽܡ
ѵǹŴʦģ
ҡҡͷ̫ܣĲ⣬ָܻܺܵĸ߼ҩŴʦҲһƿ档
һ׹˾϶ϣŪ࣬Ҳôóͱá
ԽԽ˿ˡ
˹ֱԼѡĸоԽǿҡ
ԭѡһ飬Ϊļα󣬾ȥ˲ϡ
óѰҲϣǰÿγȥܹҵͲϵȣѡһ顣
ΪҲҪѰͲϣ˭֪ô򵥵ľˡ
Щػߣ½˵ѶԸ˵Ҫȥȴѡ
ϧˣֻǲ֪ܲЩͨ
Ҫ˭ô˵ֻᵱЦȴЩɣʵĸоԽԽˣ
Ҳˡ
ҿڲ֪ĴʦǸ
˵õĶأôȫˣ
ĴʦжٲΪ֪һ棿aƷʻָҩ˵;ͣҿ½Ƕˡ
Ĵʦ䣬
ͬ
˵ܺʹͨ𣿸о
ǰ˵ʮľϵߣܺ͸߽ױֲ﹵ͨĴʦʮҲ޷жвС
ǰ˭Ҫô˵Ҿ͵ǸЦȴ˵Ĵʦˡ
Ҳǣֱ
ǱĬ֮УĴʦָܳɹ𣿡
֤漣ʱ̵ˣ᲻ᷢͿĴʦˡ
һĿתɭֵ
ĿȫˣҰ̽ôͬС죬һʮʮ٣Ʒֹ˾ʱƳСƵ˸Ĺǰ
Ѿ˺üڣ׵ĳưնĿĵһѾ˦ڶˡ
ֻǽĿĵڶ죬鿴һܼ
֮ǰҲûֱĿЧֱԶˡ


1559.1559 벻


1559 벻
ֱۣ½ϽĹڣЦ˶
ͷƷ˵ܣʶ𣬽ĴʦˣǵĽĿܲܳ׷оͿˡ
ǵĽĿѾˣֻǻÿܲסֻҪϱ仯ô棬ҿ϶ξܷɵúܸߡ
ԭΪпͷһ̫ƽˣûĶؼ()ϡ
Ʒڽ̧̧°ͣNɪǵȻģ۹ôܲã
Ȼ̫ˣߵﶼǻֶŮô
ݳ˳ǣNɪǹˣ֪ĻΪŮء
Ʒڿī()˷ԸǶŵ㣬һΣգϣ
ɩֶŮĸ֡
ͷǣ
ĪĿƷһۣλǲ̫˵㣿ѵϴʲôϵ
һߣ͸оɢѹ;档
Լħ֮ʶĲѾȫܹͱֲ﹵ͨˡ
ֶ̧˶˾ͼķɳһЩɫС㣬ȻƮȥ׷¡
Ҷ֪ڸʲôֻĿתĶš
ܿɫС㱻գħٵ
֮Щ׷׸оůоǱ()Ҳá
Ҷ()ֲܸȤ֪ܲܽһЩ
ȶԴħٵ()ɢһ()ľϵС
ôʻڹۿֱ˶һͷߡ
ԭ˵Ĺͨôͨģ⿴žͲװ
ϧžòףһ۾̲סɴˣǿʲô̫˼ˣ
ֻԭػ֮˵ǰĴĻһȽѺá
׷װγ˸źˣӲǻóͨ·
ҿǿһңȻҶΪԼֱôƬ̲ס
()þһѣݣʵҲˣ
ݵĸ첲̲סһתͷ˵㻹ء
޹գգۣҲȷԼǲģ
ôô(qng)أ
ֱֱĶǰǵĽĿ벻ˣ


1560.1560 


1560 
ͬҲ׷¶һŵģѰ⡣
һ鿴ֱҲ°ܹͣͨ
ƵĶԹЦЦ()ٴܶ൭ɫƮȥգǸл
ͨôףȻҪôİ
ȻЩֲɵӣôÿ
Ȼһְ취ЩÿǾǶֵǿд
ܹ䣬ƽ
óһ·ת()֣߰ɣȥҲϣ
Ŵ((Ʊ))״̬񣬱Щ㶵ĸſ˹ȥ
½˼״Ҳ׷׸ȥ
һֱߵ棬ǲų׵ȷЩĲ
ֱ̫ˣ
Ѱߵ()ߣ̲סʣôģ
ЦЦľϵܹͨ
ƭɣѰ˸ۣ֮ǰ()ɢЩɫ㣬Ӧ˴ðɡ
˸ָȻܴ
ҽľϵǲ٣ΪǾʹӦҵٵ˵
ľϵܵûȫЩħټӳ֡
ѰζĿ˿ðɣ
ܸо֮ǰɢųȥɫ򵥡
ߵֵҿ˺ܶǾһֲȴͨľҪ׳ʮһгӵô֡
Ǳ쾣歱߽̺һԪأܹͲϡ
߹ȥܿЧþԺ֡
д()ܣ()ҲܸߣܹڵaϣħƺͶҲӡ
˶˵ܹҩء
ЩŵĿô֪ģ
žû£Ҳͽŵ()ܡ
˭֪δͽȫ˵˳ŽҲˣ˵һģһ
ЦǻʦԶԲҲоֻǲó
ڹۿֱĻ״ʦһＫˣΪʲôǾû
歶һ˵˵ĺһ£
һ֪ͲϵĹЧҿ϶sĲϴʦġ
ЦЦҵרȻ֪ЧͲϾͲˣ
ֲҸоеaǲϡͶȸãܰһЩܻ׵ǡȽ԰׵Ķ˵


1561.1561 ǲҲ̫˵㣿


1561 ǲҲ̫˵㣿
Щ⣬û뵽Լ
ȴûоܾЦ˵ȻԣҪĻҽҪͲʧ֮ˣ
ܴ𣿡һÿù
Ц˵û⣬Ѿǹͨˡ
ֻܴһ֣ȫߵĻǻᷢ쭵ġһ䡣
ЩͷųܹЩǲŻһֱš
ЦҾȫҲû취
һæܴٳȥʹٰɡӻֶԶ˵
˷׷ȥæ⾣()̫ˣһϡ
½ʹܣŽһ
ռеѣֺܷѾ
޺覶Ҳû취նϣҲʮıֲﰡ
ѹֿԳΪaͲϡ
ôṥ覺ʡ
صǵþǸȻˣûʶѹˣŲṥء
ԭˣ覶ˣа취նЩ𣿡
⿿½ܣǵȵҲŪ̫ྣߵġ
Цһ̧֣һѴɫĳ
ԣסֻ˾żܵһն¡
˾ͼնľͻȻôһ¾ͱնһƬڵϡ
˳˳ǣǲҲ̫˵㣿
½ǱˣһʮܲնһżնһƬⲻѧ
ѽƷʺܸ߰ɣӦѽϡ
ɾaĽҲôǿɣ
Ц˵ǰһܽע֮кܴļӳЧ
ղһ쿰ʮһЧˡ½Ľ˵ǵڶ˾Ʒܽ
ǲҪԲܵ𣿡ʡ
ЦλоʦܹӳֵӷܵЧרŸʹõġ
Ҹղע˾żĿռܣ͵ӷӳȽʮһռܵΪԼҷһ档
½۾ӳֵӵЧҲ̫˰ɡ
⽣оaƷʸ߰ų
ǰsƷʰɣԲŻļӳ֡
ȻҲҪܵƿܸߣӳֵЧۿۡ
Ҫ()ԣܵӷӳЧ⽣ǿռ()ģֻмӳֿռܲУӳܣֻܷӳaնЩġ͡


1562.1562 ԭôţ


1562 ԭôţ
ôһͣҲˡ
ܽҪרԼƿرȽϸߣܷ
Ҳ(r)
żܾܷӳʮһҪսʱ˵ܹ˷̡
½Ҳ(r)󷽵ĿʣӳܽǴλʦﹺģ
Һλʦ죬ҵġ̹Ȼ˵
оŻǺܲ򵥣֮Ӧûٵ⣬ϰָҩ󷨷ħƻ£нӣָϡ
ô()ݾͿ϶ڣסˡ
ȻпҪ¶ҲûбҪˡ
ΪΪҴʦͽܵķ춨һ
½㶣Ҳ()Ӧò򵥣һŴʦͽܣܹôó߼ҩˣܹôʦƷ
ܣҲȥ̽
ܽĶˡ
ӳλʦܽ𣿡̲סʡ
⣬Ҳڳ˺͹ۿֱˣҲʵġ
ЦŻص֮Ӧû߸߶˶·ߣÿ˵(qng)Чܵõķӡ
ԺҴʦͽܣ()ݻű仯
ҪսӣҲֻ߸߶˶·ߣôྫȥ̫
½۾̫ˣȥһѣ
ӳȽĿ֮ܲܰæλʦЦߵ()ߣֹ˹
ͷû⣡
ˣܲðһλʦ˭½Ǻ棬漴ȻҪǲĻͱ˵ˡ
Цûʲôġ
з壬Ҳܻдߣ֮ǰһֱսûй()ݡ
½û֣ܻ֪ԭǷʦȻԾڶҲ
ڶѾǰsò˶þܳΪsʦˡ
ţ(ͦͦ)ģڱ˿ԼҷǺܸ˵ġ
û뵽ȻδģԭôţҲȥæһ
ͷѰң֮ԼȥΣѾǹϵѡ
֮ǰֵֻ֪ܸߣʻ׵ļҲرţ((Ʊ))ȴû뵽ǼһﻹǸôĶʦ
Ҳʶʦ½ʡ
覽ЦǣҺء


1563.1563 Ҫ治ס


1563 Ҫ治ס
ôһ˵ʱͺܶĽλ競
ȻλʦѣҪܽ׵ûˡ
һǹõġ
ԴӿʵսܽǾû˭Ҫһġ
ϧĲ֪λʦҲû˵
Ͼڶ˾Ƴʱصĳ۶ûܵˣҲûôע
˵Ǳ߻һרŰװڻϵɵڶ˾ûзУҲ̫˽⡣
Ҳ˲λʦһλ͵ضʦ
Ӫ£Ҷһ½ıȽغ͸д
ڿֱʶ覵ˣ׼͸һ﷢Ϣæλʦ
ڶսҲи߲㿴ֱǼҲۿǿԵڶս˵ǸܴĻᡣ
ҪսʿǶ䱸սһء
߲ǵһѵÿô˳ۣҲ׼ȥæʦ
覽԰ڣȴ֪ʱѾܶ˶ˡ
һɫȻδ䣬ȴŻҪԴһﱻ˻һжͬˡ
һˣεĽĿҪˣ
ܣĴʦ㵽ıϵ()ֶ˶޲˹ȥһƷڡ
ƷĿȻǻʶˣΪܱȵ𣿡
ݳ˳ǣԽԽ()ˡ
͵͵ңʲô()вսƷڵ˵
ݺҲ׷׽ͷչһЩŶҪ͵
Ʒһѽ˿һȥ˵ܣ֪ʱȻͻ֪ˣ
ԼұֶŮ()ݺףҪ治סˡ
ҲãֶŮȥ԰ˣֻϧ֮ǰ뱩¶Ƽҵ()ݣûųȥ档
һߣÿռܽնܿһƬƬľ˵ϡ
ǽϵľȫһҷŵռߡ覼˵
覼æͷȥȥ
óնһƬյħԺҪ־Ͳˡ
Ž覵õʮյռ䡣
ˣȳȥɡѾоЩĴߴˡ
ãڶĻ
һ߳ɭ֣()ɢһЩɫСƮһÿõĹϡ
лˣŹЦЦ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1564.1564 ˣҵĴʦ


1564 ˣҵĴʦ
׷׶صԭλãֽһƬס֦ͣĳҡ()ĸ
һĻôҶò˼飬ԭ㲻ʮľϵߣҪȽǿĻܺͱֲͨ
ˣҵĴʦ
̲ס׷ˢ
֣覺޻Щź
֮ǰսЧ(ͦͦ)õģҸоԼ˲أϧôʱҪˡ̾˿
ЦԺĻỹڶء
߰ɣĻ(ͦͦ)ģȥһЩҩģϰҩŸǲҵ()õͲϣ(qng)ܲ
۾ģðֵ
ҩţ˼Ҫҩģҩζ𣿡½³ҩˡ
ЦŨֻ࣬Ҫĺãζ(ͦͦ)õġ
Ǿͺã½Ҳš
ᵽ˺óԵģ۴ԻҩȽϵĻ
ָСʱ·Ҳһյͣ£Ȼ˵Ĵʳġ
һܹƣͻָܵҩţ()в˻ҩġ
ʱƮζһɺܵҩ㣬ǿζ֣ܺţžرʳ()
Ʒڵʹչһˡ
ÿ˶Ҩһ룬ҷ׷Ʒ
ݳԵһĴʦǾˣԭΪνҩųŻһҩζɲûУһֽĲľ㡣
ǰ()ﻹһȻ㣬̫óˣһ㶼Ģѷɫ١Ҳޡ
ǾŶ¼Ʋ䷹ľȻ̫ˡ
սŵսʿյǰһЦʣĴʦ㻹ȱ𣿡
ҳҩ֮󣬸о˶ůģĵȫָˣоܳ档
ҲǣƣһɨգҩЧã
ҪǾܳζԸȥĴʦıڣҪЧ̫ˡ
˳˳ǣһΪ˳Ҳ̫ƴˡ
ŵҲ˹ȥĴʦȦչҿרְݡ
Ҳ˹ȥĴʦҿñ༭
ĴʦһϴʰԱȻ˸ܵ
ĴʦȱҼ
ĿһܹԼ޲ΪĹҼ
ƷһͷߣһȥǱŵĴʦ
ȺҪģֶŮûأ


1565.1565 ûöԱȾû˺


1565 ûöԱȾû˺
ĴʦȱҼ
ҲһƬ˶ڿ񺰣ҲĴʦרְҼ
Цʲôȱллˣ
ǻǿϧˣսŵսʿ˵ɵݵˣЩϹ(r)֣˵ĴʦҲҪڵġ
֪ǶԣЦ˵˻ָƣҩ⣬ֹЧģա̲ʧεȵȡ
Ѿҩŵ䷽̸ոˣԺҪԣȥĲá
µҩƹĺܲ׼Ҳúƹ¡
֮ǰ޺ˣ߳䷽һЩָǱṩʱӯķ֡
ֻṩ䷽ͿõĳɺѾǱȽϸˡ
ҲûоܾҩƷʶܲõ()Ҳ()ҩŵ䷽Чкܴļӳ֣һЧܺԵĸܵ޵ĲҲ˲ȱͻ
Ǯ׼ȥǺͻǣΪṩҵλҲһЩ¶
ĻһЦˡ
Ȼͬ䷽Ĳ˱Ҫѷɫ٣ȴҪǿֻܶ࣬ҪʱԵôζЧҩţҲ֪ˡ
ո磬ȥ֮ŹҪʱԡ覸оҩ֮󣬲ֻƣһɨգѪҲһЩ
ԶԣͬһһŹԲҪġ½뿪Ц
ҲԵĸоҩŵЧ׼Ժ󾭳ȥ޲ԡ
Ҳ׷壬Զԣзݣ
޷Ц˵û⣬ȥ֮һһר͸á
Խĸмǻ氡
ˮĢҩţĲԼɫҲƬһ޶ĲƷˡ
ˮĢ˵ķѧȥҩȴѧᣬ䷽ԲͬЧҩĺǲͬġ
Ҳ׷״޵ĲʲôطȽĿ֮󣬲ֻҪȥһˮĢҩҲһҪ
ΪǸղٴθĻŵǹ˶ɽУҪˮζһشź
һ˶űȽķˣȴĪľʳһʼŻ(ͦͦ)ġ
ĿҲǵģҪȽֱζֱܹ۵ǵıǼ⡣
ûҩŶԱȣǻܳԵĺܻ죬ȴ
ûöԱȾû˺׵ģ


1566.1566 Ĵʦ


1566 Ĵʦ
Ϊչ˵(qng)ĸʹȻûζȥǳԵ(ͦͦ)á
˹ûθڣֻΪֱƮҩζҪĻͲϡ
ϷĲݣ֪ԼҪҵġ
ϧȴΪһӡͲ鵽(qng)ѡһ飬װ׵Ĵˣ
Ҳ֪ܲ£ǻһЩ־о
ûа(qng)ԷΪִһ棬İ
ԽԽܣȥˣǵķͷᱻߡ
꿴ż˵ҸоҲ͵Ĳϡ
ĸо׼Ĵ󻤻ʹû˭ɡ
̫ˣǶûջ񣬿ˡ
ǰоͲƷʵȼ϶͡
Ǻúøɣ˶챻齫ͷȫˣҲǷǳˬġ
˹ô˵ȻǾԼѡˣȴҲõһЩο
С㣬ȷܹͲ𣿡ʡ
ͷҵĸ֪Ӧòİɡ
Ǿͺã˹¶һЦݡ
ϵô˵һͬŰ
ĴʦҪռƲʲôС߾Ȼֱõо𣿡
ҪĻǲǴĴʦ
Ҳûܣǰ˵ѰҸ߼ϵĵر׼
Ҳ˵ˣֻǻûмͼʶʶ
ҶҲһֺ棬ٵĹעصһ
״һû˿ĵ⻡ȡ
˲ǸŮ˲ʯ֪ĲϿɱȽľ߼
ȻˣҲΪµġ
ֱŵĵУҲ˹
ڸȷνĵ֪һǿѾǵʯ
ҶֱҲŹرա
ȥʳ䣬վſڵѰ
ѰӹڵǸܴһҵͲ𣿡
ҪҵǾǲλˣ˼ҶöԷ
еĹűЦڸ㣬Ǿû˼ˣ㻹ſɡ
ѰͻȻܳŰô˵ĺĸʤˡ
Ҳ֪Ů˿϶ģһת()Լ


1567.1567 ôˣ


1567 ôˣ
ҲصԼϴ˯ˣ첻Ǽ򵥵һ죬ҪС
ڶһ磬Ⱥ
ˣﶼЩģλ
½()ȽˬֱҲǸıȽصģյԱʣӳҪҪռ£ǽ컹᲻ʲô
Ҳ׷׿Դռ֮һҲĪһҪͷ
ϵЦԱϰ(ͦͦ)õġ
аռһԿ
ô˵ҲǰսһЩ
űΣȻüͷ塣
ôˣü覲ɵʣѵʲôõ(qng)
ʾʵȻѷԼĸСʱ֮ʱ֮ǰøϿҸȫĵطס²С
Ȼѣ𣿡ʡ
ͷʾأжתƵĿܡ
˿죬̧£СʱͻῪʼ´꣬ǽ첻ҪϿ죬ý緹ҵ
ʲô˼˶
һص˵ĸСʱ֮ͻǿ϶ûоʱŵС
ȻҲûһ䡣
صģһèץһġ
Ҳû취ǲˡ
ֻʵ벻ʲôĶתƻŵأ
תͷƷ˵ܣսŵʿ÷׼ٶ׼ҷɵһ˵(qng)ҲüԮ
ռƬǽܴı䶯
Ҫǻ˵ôĪĻƷڿ϶мһᡣ
ֶŮռģǿ϶ͻᷢʲôѡ
ãȥţ
ҪҲ·ˣϢɣĿɲɶ˵ֶŮİȫҪ
ҡҡͷҲȫģΣգԵøϿ뿪
Ǿ뿪ɣ˶׼ҷɵսʱ׼ƷڱȽĵͷ
Ҳûܣնϵս׼ʮӶֳ飬ֱŽűα
ȻЩĪգҲЩź;
߰ɣǸ·ȥһ԰ȫĵطѡԴ֣ȳһȥ
ûԥ׷׸ȥ


1568.1568 ȡ裿


1568 ȡ裿
Ļͻ䣬һļα͹Ƕ((Ʊ))ˡ
һߣ̧ͷϸĿ˿죬ǻ±İ
()ΪսŵָӣĹ۲Ҳѧϰûꡣ
ʯƲƲ죬ǲռҵõͲϣһʼȡҵĹע
ŲŻʲôȻѷ˷ͷôɵġ
ն˵Ԥ⹦ܲ˲˵նʾ콫һ춼죡
Ҳ׷ն˲˲⡣
ҵҲʾһ춼죬ûʾκεʲôĻб仯
ҵҲǣ
ն䱸ѼĿǰȽȽļһ㲻ʧġ
ǰǾͲùˣȥͲϰɡһ˶ն
ֻл˹˼־Ҳն˼
ʯʣǸŮռĻ᲻ᷢ
ʯĬƬ̻صҲûиоʲôνռţҲпܲ׼
ǿ˺̽ĶԤʲôǺó
Ǿͺã֪ҵͲ߷ͷŹŪһġ
ͲӦʲô򣿡ʡ
ʯԼСʱ·̣Ϸ򣡡
ãһŵЦŶͬ˵˵򣬴ҸϷȥ
ռǶ俴һЦ
ڴʱҲֳɡ
Ĵʦ֮ǰռĶȫˣ֪νȻѻ᲻淢
ûǰЩ(qng)ҿ϶ǲŵģȴûмʷġ
ҾҲǣĴʦһʹҥԣҪûзȻѵĻǻᱻ
ҿĴʦɫȽ࣬˵ѡ
ҵǾòܷûһ˵ǶնˣǿŻҲûеֺĸӦء
ǰҪȻֺնһ㶼ܼġ
ÿδʲôģԱСΪն˻ʾҶԤ׼
ռһ׼ĴʦҲû˵ѣȴпռˡ
᲻ʯ˵ģĴʦСƾҵ߼ͲϣԲŹô˵ȡ裬ҵĹע
ҲûܣĻƷǰ
ֲɵӣҪ(qng)ûзǷȫС㣬Ҿòڡ


1569.1569 Ҫ


1569 Ҫ
Ů֮ľͼʸġ
ǰŮ˵()ʱխܿµģǴʦҲɱ⡣
¥ϵǲЩ˲Ǵ㡭
ܿ죬³һƬռ»᲻ᷢ˺Ů֮ս
СʱԽɭߣԽһ˵Ĳøо
·˼ɷֲõĸоء
Ҳ˵ǰ߻жΣյϣ߻Σա
ָоǿңóűٴβһԡ
ռʱһöűͻȻѿ롣
ͬ˺͵˶һ
űͻȻˣԤʾʲôõ(qng)ᷢɣ覶ǰٷ֮ٵţ״һ
ɫһôأţԤʾ(qng)֮ǰ˵ĻҪء
Ҳû뵽űһͻȻѣǴ֮ס
覽ŵʣô죿
()ͳһöűҲȥԲһΣ
֮ǰ׼˼öűҷ()Ȼһö޷ռˡ
һ˹űϣ
ڳ˶պأһ֮ɫĶ˫֡
ãȻٶȱûǳɹһԡ
ô覼ʡ
üͷĸã
̧ͷ˿죬ԭ죬·Ⱦһ()
鷳ˣǳȥˣ
ȥˣʲô˼Ҷе¡
ŵǣûʲôڸϿһ԰ȫĵطţ
һңĵطûɽն˵ͼʾж
ҲǵøϿҵѵɽΣա
ɫޱȵתͷƷ˵ܣսŵĽʿϿѰɽĵطѣҪߣΣա
ƷڻǵһμֶŮصģԥĵͷãͰţ
ϾǿŴδ̽ͻȻֵĻǣһнпֶܷŮ˵ġ
Ҳ´µ
սŵսʿפʱûҲڿֱ
ƷھȻ˵ģҪȥɽѣһֻĸо
սŽʿְǷ²ۻ߲Ϊ⣬ɻڸӢӶӳİ£ʼѰҸɽ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~


1570.1570 


1570 
ǵͼͱȽϹˣɽλõʾ
еСĽеСԶȴûͣǰ
߿һͼҲҵһɽ
½ŵͼ˵յͼʾ룬Ŀǰٶ߹ȥĻԼҪСʱҡ
ҡҡͷˣʱΣգôҪһСʱ֮ڸϵ
ϻ׸·ɣܿ˾
ȷ𣿡½㶣Ҫʲô(qng)ûзó׸·ҪЦ
ʣ𣿡
覺޺ԥĿڣţռһ
Ѱû˵ٳȥ˼
½歶һۣ̾˿׷Ҳٳ˻ȥ
ˣǶŵģʲôûзǴ˾һ𱻳ЦɣҲûʲô
Ʒͬûκԥл׵˶ٳȥ
ܹѡĽĿ֮ˣսУҲܼʻףҲͲϺȡ
˶˻ףȻŵͼʾǸɽλÿٸȥ
һ˼״
˸־Ͳ˵ˣôܺ͵Ҳ
ֻǼ˼ôԴģҲһĪСš
ڸʲôڻأֱΣװŪʯü˵
Ҫĩ(r)һƵģ
ٴն˲˲⣬ɵóĽۻһûб꣬ûȻֺ
һȲùܡ
Ҳˣ⻩ȡǲŪеˣ
ҲãһԤʧܣ()ǲظеɴҲͽҿˡ
ͲϸӦˣǰСʱ·̡ʯԺ
һϲڵҸӦٹСʱҵ·̣ǾҵͲˡ
Ҳһϲ̫ˣǼ·ɡ
˹۲ܣܾЩԾȵȵȣ
С㣬ܴڵͼϣָӦͲλ𣿡˵
ﲻãһı(qng)ǲ𣿡
Ż˹յʹ߲ͬǴ
Ҫ˵ǰȿˣҲǲС㣬෴˵ġ
ûзһЩԾĵطʡ
˶е㲻⣬ʲôԾĵط


1571.1571 ̫Ծ


1571 ̫Ծ
˹ӵбȽϷḻ̽վ顣
֮ǰʱֵóûˣһ·ܰ˵޾Ұ޶û
ʲô˼Ҳռһ(to)ɣô𣿡ʯüͷĸ
ǾԲŵģſѧ
˹ŲţҲ׼ܲ
оĿǰɭֻĹˣ͸һֹ죬˵ĺпΣա
Ҫʲôֱ˵ɡҲЩ˵̫õĸо
˹ʵСָܲ·ΧȻѰûпԶܵɽҲһ׼
˶׷׳Ĭ
ڵӵľȽϷḻ˵ɭְֺ̫ˣҸɽҲûʲô
ҪǰСʱԺ󲻻±꣬Ǽ·ˣҲȥɽһ䡣
±꣬ôνռͲˡ
⻰ҲеУǾô죡
ǲŵģȻ˶ô˵Ҳûзԡ
ʱһһⶼҲϳԽһϡ
ʯ£ȻŴǵͼָ˵һطԼ
ãһңɽɡ˹˵
˱ǲŵģȻڻͼҲЩ
ʮӺ󣬻˹ƾԼľ飬ҵָĵصȽϽһɽ
ɽͲϳ֮ģջ׵ٶƲ⣬ԼһСʱҾܵһ˵һϸļ·
УȻҵɽǾ͸·ɡЩܵ˵
˹ҲҪѰͲϣǵͷã
һ˳ָķȥ
Ʒڼ˹ҵ˿ԶܵɽҲûзϢȥ
Щ˲ֶŮ綼ҪԿ
ֻǽĿ֯ģҪµĻҲý
һһḻǵĻ˹ҪǶʯģǾȡˡ
ûͣĸ·ԭһ׼Եʳȥɽͺ͡
Ƿһ·˵޻ҰޣֻӶûһֻ
ҵҲᣬһֲõԤУ̫Ծˡ
֮ǰ·(qng)ԽɭߣļԽԽƵģ˵һ·ϱȽϷ˵óˡ
Щ޺óȥˣѵҲȥ
˵ЩΣյĸ֪ǱȽ׼ȷģǴҶռҲ˼ţ׷׼ӿ˽Ų·


1572.1572 Ҳ̫ӵ


1572 Ҳ̫ӵ
Сʱһ˵ִһӸ
ӱȽϿ󣬺ˮȽȴ峺ס
߹ȥźӵ·ŵһɢӨɫʵʯͷ
ϲָָʯͷЩͲϣ
˹߹ȥԲϵ˽⣬Щʯͷȥȷʵܲһ㡣
ʯнӹŵ̽⡣
Уˮ̫ˣ޷̽ͲϵĵȼЧȥһСڵ
ô˵ʹ߾ͿʼˣԼͬ˵ȥһԣ
ǵı֣뿴Ÿ˵ߵȼͲһ㶼ػ޻Ҫ͸ȥ԰ɡ
ǳ˻˹⣬սǿġ
Ҳûԣãȥ
Ҫҵ˱Ƚϸ߼Ͳϣȥ׻ȣ˵Ǻģȥս
ĵ˵ΪԷһ绹ǼʻŻȥɡ
ʯ֪Щʯͷ£вǱô
ȽСģЦ˵У
ٳҪ׼ȥԭͻȻ˲()׵˸һεδŴŵ⧲¡
ڳɫ˲˱䡣
˹ֿ̧˿ʱ䣬Сʱң
˼Ҷף֮ǰռպùȥСʱȻꡣ
ԭһˣﶼ˸
ôܣˣϵΣʯܵ޴ĸо
ղ죬ôôͱˣ
Ҳһٴն˵⣬Ȼ˳
ʾ磡
նͻȻ£ֺ˺ڣʾд꣡
ʯ˳˳ǣҪ˵ĳ嶯
ôνȽԤ⼼ôĶ˲ת۾ûϹѵԼ
ôٶ۵ԤնˣҪá
Ҳ̫ӵˣ
˹ԽԽ󣬡ӦòնԤǾûԤԲŻٶۡ
ô죿˵Щõĸо
Ҫץˣ粻£Ҫڸȥʯͷʱ¡
ģҪʯͷ͸Ͽ쳷ȥɽ
ҲòģȻˣͲϾǰˡ
УϿȥ̣㡣˵


1573.1573 Σ


1573 Σ
ʵѾ̫ȥˣҲвʡ
ٵ˻ףУǵȵȣ
Ҳ飬ٵļʻŻ׾ͳźӵ׳ȥ
ϵضԽԽǵ(qng)ҲĪĽ
ֵ᲻ʲôػʲô
˹һΣոУڵϻף۸ûõʯͷһǾ͸Ͽ쳷룡
ãδҶûзԡ
ĿתĶŸĻףһǣ䵽ӵ׵ʯͷϣҲûгػ޻ػ
ȻЩԾܱȹؼʱҺá
Ż׼һʯͷͻȻ͸оһɷ·Σ
ǸӦˣԥĿٶȣźϳ塣
ڴʱԭƽĺͻȻҪһжûһ
˼״һ
Ȼսմ˲һ·()ҲսüΣգֶвĸ֪
Ҳ˺üεΣգҲ÷Ӧ죬ֱļ٣ʻٶȼӳɵףںӵ׳׷ûʱ˺档
ҪǷӦ룬ȴľ()ӵˡ
ʻŻ׳棬ˮӿĸбǵơ
˹󺰣ˣ룡
£˷׷׵ͷܡ
˹֮ǰֲԾȻƬɽ·߶Ҿ鷳ˡ
ʻŻǰɱ˸ں档
㱻ʹ߻м䣬ʱ˭ûж룬ֻһͷϿȥɽ
һߣƷڼӺɹ΢˿
һû()ӵף򸵼ҽ
ʼ󣬶˸ռʻʻٶȸ졣
һСʱʮӺڿڵͼҵɽһѸٳ˽ȥ
һ·ԽԽ󣬴ʱѾֻô򵥣·ܼԽԽ͡
ɽһ߻ҪʮӲܸϵɽ
սǱеĶҵɽеĻ·
ʱ˭û²ۣһﶼһֲΣԤС
ֱǰĹڣ״̲ס
ֹʮӣͻȻһſŵĴڵϣһĸ·
˹Ѹû׿·оҪǲ˵ʱڸϵɽǺпܾҪûˡ
Ҫ飬ٳ壡˻һ


1574.1574 ɵӶ֪ôѡ


1574 ɵӶ֪ôѡ
˴ꡢ𣬴һƬƬ£ʯɫ˱䣬˵ǻȡˡ
ֻһͷʮһҪϵɽ
Ļ̫ˣǵߣҲٶȣǲ඼Եˡ
ŵԽԽѿһĴѷ죬ʼӿ
ҿʲô⣿ѲŻҪˣʯһһ̲ס
֪Բμʲôֱ̽ƽĿ
˵ɫҲ˲˱䣬ǻǵһôĵ𣬿ȥƤҪûһ
ź׷᲻ϷӿûĴأ̲סʣ(qng)Ǹϵɽпܶȥ𣿡
ؿȫ޲ľϯӿûоŻǶ⡣
˽ΣϢԽԽŨǵĵףҲԽԽ
˹ֻҪһͲܷѵ𣿡
Ȼռʲôʱ´꣬ʲôʱᷢȻѣôɽΨһҲпܳġʵҲûףҲֻȥһˡ
ȥǵȥлĿܣɵӶ֪ôѡ
ҲٱԹȻĵѾʼƴĳǰȥ
ҲûΣʯ˵ôûԤ⵽
ҪʯǰԤ֪ҲͲôǱˡ
ʯܻ˵ַ̫ͻȻˣôԤóֻѰұ
˵ˣϿҪҪ̰ģһҪȥѰͲϣϵɽˡ
˻ںʢֻҪǸɽãһµġ漴ʲôõ(qng)ְο
ѵҵһɲϣ̣ûƬϡ
ǰûжԱҵܲȴñ̫Զˡ
ûһѪʯȻ˵̰ģ֮ǰҲûֹ
Բѵ˵ʲôԤ⣬ڻûǸʲôռҪǻҪõʯ¡
Ϊ£ʯ㣬ﶼԶԷһ˿Ҹ
ԽԽطٶҲ졣
ڿɽʱ˶̲סһ˵ϣֱֱĳٶȳ塣
ĻģٶϾһ


1575.1575 Ҫ군


1575 Ҫ군
ź淭ĴأһҪĻû
ԥԼĻסĻףȻǰһ˦
ĻΪһ˦Ĺ()ɹ˱ûĿܣѸٷɵ˶ڡ
ҲΪһ£ɽȴһۼź淭ĴҪ
̲סһ㣬һ£
ǰ㣬ֻҪת()һѾܽȥ
ȴûᣬת()󣬽ԼСյأϾ⻹ɽڣʱпܱȥ
Ǻԥɽ
û뵽ͷûлһ£;(qng)Ľɽ
֮ǰΪ½˻飬һǵϮһʱ佫()˽ҽԺ
ղĻٶһЩҪûҲֽ˦ʩȣȻô
Ժﲻɵдȥһǵ·ϣͬǵ½ȴڵһʱ䷴뿪ˡ
컻½Բȵģ
һ̣**˼ɽȥ
()Ҳ˽ɽ򱻴
˵˫Ҳһɾ޴£(qng)һ±ˣ˫۾ǾҪ군ˣ
ڴʱ˹ĻһĻιסɽʹϡ
֮ǰ˼˹()ӽɽĴҲŸҪϯ
˹()ΪʮһߣҲһĻսʿþȫһϣ㽫ֻ֮ϳɽҲ˻
ɽԷٷʲô⣬Ҷûдӻ
˹˽Ҷ˿
žͼʻĻ°ѾʧˣҲȴӻﴫ˫ѪܵģȻˡ
Ȼɽ·ڷתһ
Ҳ˲ˣֻץס׵Ŀ̨о˵()嶼ҪɢһɽãҪû
Ǳߵ(qng)Ҫò٣ɽ˳˻ס
Ȼóһŷڵϣһ󷨹ֳ֣˽ȥ
𶯵ĺڷ󷨹ܵ𶯲̫ǿҡ
նֱһ(qng)һɵңƻߡ
Ͼһʵɱǿˡ
ǾͿֱͷɽľ̲ס׷׵һ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1576.1576 Ǻˣ


1576 Ǻˣ
ֻһĴѷ֣طӿûȻת̽ȥĵط˻ǵһеĵطȫʧ
ĵطӵһƬߣŴѷгµĵƤɭһ
Ҳǵĺܶط任λãǱһֱ˺ۺһ
ֻлϵɽһ¸ûбȫ˾
һͿֱĹڣһĿɿڴþòܻ̫ˡ
ʱǷ׷֮ǰռ˵һʡתơɲǲ˼ô
ɽһȥˣȫؾ֪
ԼһСʱ󣬵𽥽ƽʧ
оֱֹͣͷ(qng)Ѿָƽʲôûзһ
ʿˮʣ𻹻𣿡
ľǽʱһˣȴǵ֮ʱǹִѷ죬ȫһɭˡ
ЩĴ׵ľҲˣȡ֮ï֡
ҪͿֱĻ棬Ǿ޷Żᷢ(qng)
ѹ˵ǻᱻֶתŵǴûоҲû
ôɲֻûоǶû˵أǺˣ
ͶȥһЦݣѾȥûˣ
⻰һڳŲѵ˶̲ס׷һ»һ
ʲôʱԳȥƷһصʡ
ΪֱǻͻڵĶ㣬ܼ
սŵսʿ˴ܶڶηб˳ڶڵ֪
ҪܳȥҪϿȥ֯Ԯˡ
ͷԳȥˣ
ܣսû˵ȥѰԱȻȫ
ڻɽλȫתƵǵܣɽĶȽϽ
Ʒڵͷãȥţ
˵һҪкصҪ»Ҫ鷳㡣
ޱμֱ̽˭뵽ƽ֮»ôΣ
΢΢һЦѾ׼ˣ
ƷڻһЦȻ첽żȥ
ɽѵ˶ڹעֱߵ(qng)׼ȷǶ
˵ûˣҲһ»ĸо
սŵľӢҲڶӳ֯Ѹ뿪ɽǰǵͼֱµĵطȥԮ


1577.1577 ۾ȳ


1577 ۾ȳ
Ҳű˳ȥ
ܿͼԶŵɽ½߳
һߵ˶ӻﴫ˳Ȼܵ˱Ƚϴĵ𲨶Ӱ죬ȴûʲôˡ
ͱȽϱˣʱ˫ϾѪɫҰװڵϡ
֮ǰ𻵺ȴӻﴫ˳û˻׷ӰֱӲ()ϣ˺صˡ
˹߹ȥ̽̽ıϢţһ̧ȥҽȰɡ
һЩȷ(qng)̫ˣû취
ô˵ûоܾ׷߹æ̧߳ɽ
ҽ˭ҽæ
ɽĿ˸£ȻһżĴ
߳½̵ƲƲ죬֮ǰԷ()һȴûᣬйĵģҲ֪˭ġ
֪½(qng)ѡŮˣֻ˵۾Ϲˣ
ʵҲ벻ͨΪʲôǹͷһ()ߴת
ûбֳô޺α
ֻ˵Щ˵۾ȳˡ
½ȻûƯʺ()ȴʤܶ࣬ΪĿ鶪ˣҲ˱Ӧֻ˵ã
ǰ۾ȳ½ʼ硣
ǰδи(qng)ģûгǰǸϸδʱԷʲôġ
(qng)ദģӢֻˣƽҲȽϸȻ˽ȥϲˡ
һֱΪǻΪޣ˭֪һ֣˲ˡ
ǲʼнԶΪҪ˻飬Ӷ
Ҫô㣬ҲˣôαŮˣ֪ͱһԴʲô˼
ѵԲĲ㣿;ֵķ()ȥϲˡ
Ϊ(i)ûѡ񷴻ѡ֡
ڿĲûֻҲѹ֮Ѿˣ(ͦͦ)õġ
Ȳ֪ܱܲסҿ(ͦͦ)صġĿѪ˫ϣ֮ǰ˺ܾõѪ
½üͷ֪ܰ˺üҽӦܾȰɡ
歷½(ͦͦ)󣬻Ļ԰֮ԹŮȥ
ԣ̫ˣòзˣ


1578.1578 


1578 
һպóɽһҽ첽˹Ϊ顣
λȽó˾εҽ̧ͷһ˵ʧѪ࣬˫˫ȵľˣҪ֫
㾪˾ʲôҪ֫˼ֽŶҪ֫
ǲ͵Ҫˣ
ҽ̾˿Ȼ˫ȸأ˫ֵľҲˣ֫ѪҺͨĻ޷ܸס
ûлԹȥֻ֮ǰ˺أȫ()Ҳľˣű۾
ҽô˵·ʲôجһ۾ɳޱȣҽ֫𣿡
һħʦ˫ֶ˵һҪ
Ȼ֮֫˫˫ȶװƥ()ܱȽϺõļ֫
ɼ֫Լ˫ǽȻͬģ޷ħƣ޷ٴȥħƵ·Ȼȥ졣
Ҳҵ׵ķˣ
ĽȥԼԽܡ
ҽǸ˵̫ˣɽĻûб𻵣()ûֱܵ𶯣Ҳᾭ羡ϡ
֮֫󣬻ýͻȥһʱƲ޸װϼ֮֫Ļܻ̱
˵ڲѡ֫Ļǽֻһ
˱۾һƬҰܡ
ûо֮ǰѣҲûô¡
ɲһΣҲľġ
֫Իװ֫޷ٴ(r)(i)ħ졣
Ҫǲ֫Ҫ
һܿ˾񣬡ðɣѡ֫
ɵ֮ǰɽ(qng)㰲ȫɽȴܾ˶Ԯ֣Ĳɵþ¡
ͻȻƽĪľԼǰһɵΪħ
벻㵽ʲôģǷݿΪȥ(qng)·˲ʧһ
ڴʱִ()һƺ΢΢¡
һ֣Ʊ˿ĺС
ź۾()Ի()
ֱӻˡ
ںٵһ˲ԭɫͻȻɫף()Щܵģ
һʱͷ״
֮ǰΪЩԸ˴֮ҲҪ()ߣΪͻú


1579.1579 ô


1579 ô
ڿô򵥣ʯӦʱѾǡ
ӵһ()ԻĻʹǣһħһܲ()Χ()ߡ
֮ǰ䣬ʯбѹˡ
Ҳ˽ĶȣģȻƳʯԻѹ
ȻҪûҰģûһЩĸ(qng)ҲܱʯԻ
ֻˣʱһЩ(qng)Ǹˣÿ˵
ǰ˹ȥͷ˿ࡣ
Ͽһﵹûʲô캦(qng)()ҲûʲôԹ
()Ǳ֣Ӧ֮ǰһЩصĸ(qng)ʯȻԻ
˺˼վ½()ߡ
бҪ𣿡ĵĿʡ
½㶣תͷ˼ǣʵý֫
ͷʵ˵ҳֵĻԲý֫
㻹ҽ½е¡
Ц˵ǰ
ΪʲôҪң½Щ⡣
ҽ㵱ѣõӦԺˣҾͲȡ
ôġ
½ú۾ĿԭѾҵˣң
Ҷûи(qng)ˣǲǷνġ
漴ͻȻˣҪҲ˷ˣӦû᲻ܰɡ
Ҫ㻹ΰɡ
ó½Ϊи(qng)ô˵Ϊˡ
ȷʡ
½ͷȷ
ȻҪ鷳ĻҲǿһжԼһ䡣
ЦУҾȥԣ
˵ǳС
յϣҽ׼ʱٴ˹ȥ
ܽ()ϵľӺãȻͲý֫ˡڵ
½⣬ʯԻˣҪǽ˾κõĻӦܼʯ
()ϵˣͼʹϢϢء
ʹ߲ΪԹʵ뿪㣬Ϊṩ˽ȻȻ
ʲôҽ
һı(qng)ĴʦЦľô࣬ôܽӺá
һӺ̲סë


1580.1580 Ȼҽ


1580 Ȼҽ
Щҽôô֡
ҲһҽֻҵƷǲͬ
ʼܾȻý֫ŲšβΣǣ
Σԭ˫ͻȻһ˿ʿĴʦ
һΪˣʱҲһ¾Ͳµ()ݡ
֮ǰǱһλҽκõģó覺ĹϵȽϲ
ֻΪ()һ״ʦôҶûгҽȥ롣
˵κԼһ¾뵽һ
ҾԼ´ˣҲκϣһħʦ
Ȼܹռȫ벻ѣôпΪԼӺþ磬ʵ漣̫ˡ
еĹʣҲ֪ԷŲ³κ覵ˡ
УȻңǾɡ
ӿռƳһ()Ի˹˵ǽ̧ȥ
˹˶е£Ȼҽ
ô˵ԥĽϵ̧()ϣҲ뿴ǲơ
ó룬ȶ˷(Ѩxu)
óһŵҩݵߣֹѪҩˣ
ûлɣſ콫ҩ¡
ܿ죬͸о֮ǰѪֹסˡ
鷳ǹϵ˿ϴһ顣ҽ
Ϊ֮ǰ(qng)ܳݣ׷׵ͷã
һˮϵߣĿ˺ˮϴһ顣
Ҳˣ˫ȲѪ
˳Ծǣԭѿ˿ھ˲٣ֻһ̺ۡ
˵ʲô˵ղŸԵҩЧ̫ˡ
˿ϴɾóһƿݸһҩ࣬Ϳ˫ź˫֣Ȼɴ
ãСĽӹҩ࣬Ȼ򿪺һΪͿĨ
ҽ̲סʣĴʦҩԽ˵ľ磿
ͷ˵ҵģЧã
ҪʲôʱܽϣҽҪʱ䵢̫ã˽֫ʱ䣬Σˡ
صСʱܽϣ֮ÿٷһһҩͿȫȬˡ
ô죿ҽ̫š
ЦǰȻأ
⣡ҽһҭҲ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˡ


1581.1581 ô


1581 ô
ҽǺصġ
ϾûĻǸȥɽѣ֮ǰչֳҲ档
УҵȰСʱΪ顣ֻܵͷȻѲɻǿ
Ҫҩãôҽѧ˵һܴͻƣҲǺ¡
ȻûˣҩôϵģϣҲãɰСʱʱ仹ǵȵ
˶ԴҲŻɵ̬ȡ
ҲǲҩûãϾιԵֹѪҩͺЧСʱ˵ľϣ͸о̫ˡ
ܿ죬սǱ߳ȥԱķɵ½
Ա٣ҽҲûʱæȥ˾ȻԱ
ҽæҲǰȥæ
ר˵ƣļӷõҩ
һʼҽǶں֣ٳԿҩܺãʲôЦһ㶼ѧ
ԴѸٵΪΣˣҲˡ
ðɣȻһ㶼ѧ(qng)òƶ޷ÿѧ֤
ЧʺܸߣЧʱֺֿá
˲ҽ붼ø
ʵûǸ£ͿҩƣΪʱ䣬˼һ
űֻһˡ
Щҽ֪ȥ߶˵ƲֲоȻϣֻеˡ
ҲһƲֹڷɴϣȼﲻôصĲҲ״
û뵽ȴӲĽ˾˻
λ˵ĺ֮ǰֹͣˣʾֵѾ͵ߡ
ƺǵĺ𽥻ֵָһĻָڳҽһһ㶵ģȫˡ
찡ĴʦҲ̫ţˣȻܾȻ
оֻҪһţĴʦܾȣ
(qng)Ĵʦҽ
ˣҵĴʦһվڲԶĿⶼųݺͻ(r)
ǶսŵĽʿʲôǼҳ㷹ˣпܻ(qng)£ĴʦҽǾʹܹһ
ۿֱĹҲˡ
̫ţˣĴʦŶǲ֪
оУͻȻĴʦܵĸо
֮ǰһĴʦܰСʱٵľӺãɿھεļˣԼȸԼһɣоô
ҷÿĴʦô죡
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1582.1582 


1582 
ˣҸղŻڶĴʦռȫеĽþòƽֱҽ𾪵ƽˡ
Ĵʦεֱ̽о
ĴʦҸ뵱ȹҼˣ
ҲǰĴʦԺҵŮ׵ģ
Сʱˣ쿴ٵ(qng)
һֱڶʱء
֮ǰҽ˼ҲֳһЩϣϵһˣֿ̧˿ʱ䣬˹ȥ
٣оôֶԷɫûиղôҰˣҲһЩ
˵֮ǰ˫ֺ˫ȫûиоȴоʹ
Ȼ۵ܣȴ̲סˡ
ʲô֪ûУһȽϺõźš
Ұ°ɡҽô˵ţѾˡ
ͷ鷳ˣ
ҽŵ˫ֺ˫ϣԼ
Ƭ̺𾪣ȻĽӺˣ
̫ˣһҽѧϵ漣
ڳ˵ַ֮·Ԥ֮С
ĴʦƣٴǼ֤漣
ֻܹʣһ˾Ȼ˫˫ž˵Ķܽϡ
һ䣬ʲôǲεģ
̫˼ˣҽֻһ䣬Լ(qng)
覼һֱչ¶ҽҲ֪Լ()ݱ¶
Ҳǣ֮ǰûҪй¶ҽֻûķ롣
һֽ˵ʲô˼ģҽҽͺţ
ҽһҭһ·ӦƺΪҽ
ɴ۾ȵȣ֪ˣ
֪ʲôˣЩ
ѵĴʦǽκѵҽҽһץסʡ
覵ԲѽΪֲˣս˧ʵǸҽԺרǹȥֻǴҵóĽ۶һġ
ҽʱҲȥˣԶ覵Ĳ(qng)˽⡣
Դ˵ԭʱȥֲˣȻˣʱͺ𾪣Щţλصҽܺ档
ϧǲҲûҳλҽԴҶΪҹʲƣҲλҽġ
覶ĳƺһ·Ӧ˹
û취ʵѲָҲҽѧϵһ漣ºҽ¡


1583.1583 ̫


1583 ̫
ҽĻҲڳ˺ֱǰĹ뷴Ӧ˹
Ĵʦʵҽ
֪ΪʲôȻδϣǶӦþʵ
Ĵʦôҽôܲҽ
ѹ覻ͻȻĴʦϵôã֮ǰ˿һ㽻ʶûеġ
ѹ뿪һ׹˾֮ȥ覾˾˵Ļ׹˾оԺʩѹ嶼ûз
ԭ覵ľ˰
覼ɫ糣ЦŵȻˣȻΪҽ˭
һֱӦô͵ҲҽѧĬĬţô͸վˣôϿɳݣ
ܹڽκõ(qng)عܸˣ
ҽ¶Ȼ˵񣬡ԭĴʦҽ
˵ҽˣ
ĿӳݵĿԭҽѧһֱҵҽţ((Ʊ))ˣ
Цˣ
ڻв˻ǼȰɡ
ҽͷã
Ȼصصҽ׼࿴ֶΣлĻཻ
֮ǰΪûмʱҵɽսʿˣ½ҵ˹
٣ͼҽͶ뵽һֵȵȥ
ľ类ҲûΣգǲᣬźúϢС
һʼЩ飬Ͼ֮ǰɽȷʵûй
Լ(qng)־ȻҲ벻ģǵʱûʱӦˣ϶
Ȧ˺죬ߵǰĵʣŴ磬оõ𣿡
Ҫǰ۹Լģˣڲ޶ԣЩ񣬾̫ˡ
ԼҲ벻ͨΪʲô(qng)ô죬ȥô졣
˵ӦúģֻЩθڣȴûжٺ⡣
ѹ˼Ҷ˵(i)кޣǶ(i)ˡ
лСģû£׼׷㣬ػ()ߡ
ɫ䵭ҪϢ
˵۾һ˵ģ
ʹ߼״ԼͬüͷҲ̫СǼˣֲǹģһ˾ȻΪǵ(qng)Ů˼ƽϣ̫ûƷˣ
Ҫ֪룬һһ٣֪֮ǰǱˣǻܲôԲе뷨
ֻٺͼ˾ۼһᡣ


1584.1584 ȥ


1584 ȥ
㻹ǵһαôӺ䵭ίĲС
һ˵ĻҸУԴ˺˶û񣬷·ʧȥʲôҪĶһ
Ȼ֪Ǹ(qng)һҪĶ
ʯûи㣬ܹԻЩˣǷ·ħһ(qng)ϲ(i)
ҲȻԻʧЧͬûи㣬ԽԽŮôԽԽˣ
ٿǣԼǲӦѰһ
Ҫûǿ˵պ޷һЩã׼ٿ
ԽԽί׼˵ȴ˹ֹˡ
˵ıȽأϢɡ
֮ǰۿ㣬ת()һѣȴ˽ѡ뿪һ˿øкϧ
˹ﾡ֮ɫŽҪ˵Ļȥ
Ϊʯǵѹƣʧȥṩ˵ҪԴ˲併һء
ۿֱܵӰҲС˺ܶ࣬ԺԲơ
оð֮ǰȾת()һίģе㱻ĵˡ
ǰһʼо()(ͦͦ)õģʻҲ()˭֪Ƕװģİ
ҸоǺĶ͸ˣԶ˼Ҳˣ
̫˽ˣҲ۾ʹˣȻ½˻׷ĺ
ǰ֪ôôôʿΧ()ת
Ҳ벻ͨò()ġʺĴʦ׵˦ȥ
ʸĴʦȣȫһΣ
Ҿ½˳ûÿ㣬á
ҲôõģΪһĿ鶪ˡ
ΪֱֳԹڵ۾ѩģرŮ()ǣһȽó满
ʿҲ֮ͬǰɽſڵٶ׵ı˰ıǩ
ֱۣҪ̹ãҪŤˡ
Щôô˵ʲôʱˣ
Ҳǹⲻ()ɼ
ʯҲҪˣ֪ŻлԵֱĿҪֵĺͻܵڵĴϲҲܲ˵ġ
ںˣһ㶼˲ϲ˲ûӣбơ
Уȥˡ
˵Ŀڣ취ùڸıĿӰ()ϵˡ


1585.1585 Ȼһʼѡ


1585 Ȼһʼѡ
ίЩ˾Ȼĺãղŵ(qng)֤ʲôأ
ί֪˶ԼжҪġ
Ҫıڶ뷨Ӧôأ
˼Ƭ̣ͻȻ֮ǰʯͷ
ˣֻҪ֤̽͸߼ϵǿӦþܸıڶĿˣϾʵҪ
ߵǰ˵磬֮ǰǲץͲϵʯͷ
ḵˣִ·ĿڴͳһӨ׵ʯͷݸţҴˣ
¶һЦݣ
Ȼʯͷùʯ⡣
ŮѼ״̲ס²
ҼƤˣŴ绹أͶԸЦôˣ
С׻ǲǼ˶磿
ԭЩϲ
ʶˣǰ̲滣ͣ벻ͨЩѵ۾
˲ϲһ𣿡
ȿȣǲˣҲˣҿɲϲһǱһӴ()ͬ
ǣҲϲ֣ʯǵĿζȽ⣬ǲһƷζġ
ǿζȽأǻϲ嵭ġ
ǣĴʦ࣬Ļ˰ɣû˵ôϹ
¥ϵ˼ҵֻʯ۾ϹѣǶ۾ѩˡ
һȺʿ׷վҥǿɲϲһ
ףҪҵʯͷˣҲ֪ʲôȼġ
ĴʦɣҲһ㡣
˵֪ˣ
ǹǶעļϡ
˹ͲҲܸȤͬʱ˹ȥ
ܿ죬͵ó˽ԭЦ˽ôܰ
˹ЩʧbͲϣڻе죬ͶȲͣbеܻ׵ǲϡ
ſֲϵʱȻźˮܾõȼӦòͣû뵽Ľ
ص̾˿Ȼһʼѡˡ
ʲôֻbϣôܣʯ̫ŵ߹˵
ĵô֮ǰо˱ҵ־Ĳϣôbϣ
˹оЩʹߣһ(qng)ûˡ
رλʯ٣̺(qng)̣ܼ̳еһ˾
˾Ҫȥι꣬˳ȥһ벻ֵģԴӿϱ鵽ڣҲûϢˣ()ĶЩƣóιϢ¡⼸Ҫǰ((Ʊ))дһܵĴʱֻܸΪÿĸ쿪ʼʱΪߵ㣬ܿ~~ôô~~


1586.1586 


1586 
˹ͻȻһָ̾ҪǽʯΪһ˾Ķ³Ӧý˾ˡ
ڵĽûд
ʯҲǻǾò̫ܡ
򸵺ץʯͷ˰ɣ
ɫ˲˳ʲô˼񲻺ʯͷڻɢһӨ׵Ĺ⣬ֻbʲô취
ȻҲ̫ҴʯҪɲɣ
㣬Ҿô˵˵Ҳ֪⼸aģǱ㲻СץˣʯԽԽŶԣһǸץˡ
һôʱôȥץ
ʱȥ׵()ӵˣֱ
˳Ȧ죬һ˵ģվ˵ˣʯ˵Ҳûпܣֻǵʱ(qng)ܹץһʯͷѾˡ
η粨ѰͲϾˣ
ǣο
Żûţȴ¶һĨǿЦû£֮ǰ(qng)̫ΣˣҲûȫȷԲָܹ硣
˼ҲǸڸץʯͷ
Щֻ̫㣬Ž(qng)ѹȥ
˹ĪĿ˸һۣϹ˵ĹȻû⼸һ⡣
֮ǰ˵ĺɢӨ׹ɫʯͷͲϣȴɸץˣôɵ(qng)
Ȼͻ˹Ŀһ
УһΪţ((Ʊ))أ(qng)Ǹbġ
С׻֮ǰŵģһΪsĲأ
Ĵʦȣΰ
ǰ֮ǰĵдô棬(qng)ǳ
˵ǸŪأûС׻˼𣿡
˰ɣֹԸⱳȴϹӡ
ԭ̽Ͳϵ(qng)תȴǿ⣬ˡ
ʯҲܵһЩӣʹ()ϵٴαһЩ
ɫò԰׵㹴˹ͽв
ʵ㷢ֵǺȷʵaȾõʯͷȴںӵһֻӴ޵Ķӵ¡
ֻΪ֮ǰŻͻ䣬øˡ
ȻƲԸսˮֻ߼ޣܹʯͷ
Ҳֻ㵹ùͷҪѹ


1587.1587 ǰ


1587 ǰ
ǶӰ()۾ȳˡ
ÿֱ۵ĸˣܲζ
ʯѹƣ()ϵ˱ǵ̬ҲһЩ仯(qng)˲١
˳ԽǶĸ(qng)ȥ()ϵҲӰ졣
һֱڹ۲ͼˣͬʱҲ⡣
֪Ҫ()ϵˣȻԼĶʱܱ
ʯǷ˵ط̫Σˣ˭֪᲻һ䣬Ҳ¼ˡ
ԭģ˳ˢˢķ
˭֪ںܶ˶Ǻ㣬뷢ֱֻš
ҲȷʵĻʲôƵΣգ׼¼ˡ
ҲƵ뷨˵˱ȽأӰһжҲܷҪε¼ƾ˰ɡ
ڵ(qng)һ˵һ㶼Ϊȫ˵Ŀȥˣ˺ܶߡ
Ա֮£Ǿ˺ܶ࣬˵Ǻ¡
ҲͷͬУҪ͵´ΰɡ
ﻹô˵ˣĿӦҲûټ¼ˡֲһ䣬ص˼ǲ¼ˣ(qng)(yn)
ôʱƷڴһҷɵʯԸʹһ˹ȥ
ܣڵ(qng)Ƚ鷳εֱĿǲʱֹʱͻ¼ɡʯȻô˵Ǿ´Ҳˡ
Ʒһص̾˿֮ǰҲôģ¼Ҳûȥ
ûȥʲô˼ʯһֲõĸоüʡ
Ʒʵ˵Ҹղźڻϵȴû˿ӦҲϵˡ
ҸղŴ˷ɳԣɴһӽͻᱻһʱûȥ
ʯɴ۾ʲôڲֻϵ磬Ҳ޷ȥˣ
ƷڵͷĿǰĿ취뿪ʱֱĿȻҲͽˡ
ȫûԤϵģЩڴŻ¼ֱ
ıֶŮҲ֪˿(qng)Σ
ǳĶ˰ɣ
ڳ˶û뵽ᷢ(qng)ôϵأɴΪʲôȥ
Ѳɻʲôõ(qng)ᷢǰ


1588.1588 Բܰ


1588 Բܰ
ʯ(qng)ӷꡣ
Ŀ()ĿƷ˵ܣ֮ǰô̽ѡȡطģڳȥѲǾڸʲôǹ˾Щ˶Щ𣿡
ƷڴǸƢˣɫ䣬ڽĿʼǰǾͽ̽գܻΣյ(qng)ǰ˵ˣ˺ͬϣԼͬġ
˵ڿɻĺúõģֻʱȥˣʯ㻹԰꣬úӡ
ҪûӣҲù㣬(i)ȥȥң
һʯֱȥ
ʯΪһ˾ļ̳(ƨp)ǵһ˾Ķ³ƷڲҲԲ
ʲô⣬Ȼ˵˾ôô
ʯƷˣɫҲѿѡ
һǲ̫קˣֲƼҵļ̳ˣǰ˦ʲôӣ
Ҳû˵Щ˱Ȼôûȥأ
ԭ˵ƷҲأֻǰƼҲˣߣ
ʯƷ˦ᣬ˶ú
ʵʯƽǺ⡣
ǸղȥʵĻ϶ҲίıʾϣƷܹϿȴʩ
ʯֱ˵Ʒڹ˾ƷڵĲҲдϣһүģⲻұ˦(qng)е͡
ƷʲôˣƼҵļСӣƷƷŵ׵ܵܡ
׿ƼҵĹϵƷҲȦУƿն˸ۣ˲ƸֵҲܹŽƬǰʮĴڡ
˻𣿻Ϊʯһ˾̳˵()ݣ()ӭԲܰ
ȻƷܶҪŻʣµʱ仹Ҫһദֺαؽ˳׵أʲôô
ȻʯǺϵȴҲžƷڣּɣ
ƷڿȦУ˵ﲻ˶ʯ̫
ʱͻȻ
֮ǰĴʦռһ䣬ǳȥˣ֮ǰû仰ϣȴȻ㵽ˣ
ǣţ((Ʊ))
ĴʦռҲ̫ţˣҲУ
֮ǰȻѾ㵽ȥˣ׵ģ
ڳȥˣҲ֪Ĵʦûʲô취
Ĵʦ
ҲĴʦһܰȫ뿪ǿŻǵġ


1589.1589 㲢ûǷ˭


1589 㲢ûǷ˭
ô(qng)ڻϵˣǹۿֱĹڣûһĪһθС
ƷҲߵ()ߣΪһսʿꡣ
֮ǰѾռǳȥ𣿡Ҳ뵽֮ǰ˵Ļ
ͷǵģֻ֮ǰͻΣգӴҵԾû˵
ǻܳȥ𣿡Ʒڵǵʡ
صҲ֪֮ǰΪȻֺΣջûз޷ռ
һ˼öűңԿܲռˣ
Ʒڼæͷãã㣡
ڱֶŮռҲ׵һš
˵ĶԻҲ׷Ϊռ
עűңʼ
ιűûٶѣȻάռ;ķѺܴ󣬿ʾ˳
ͷðһϸɫҲò԰˿ʾгȥĻᣡ
ȴֻһ·Ķ·ȸղŷĸΣա
һ˽ŲѣƷʣһ·
ָָ̧ɭĵķ˵ȥ·طһ֮󼸺
ռû˭ɺͲš
һ֮ڣһȥƷİ塣
û˷ԣ˭ȻȥǾֻȥΨһˡ
㿴ʲôʱأƷͻȻԼˡ
Ц˵Ҿ(qng)()ĶȽƣвˣϢ죬Աָжٳɡ
ҲúϢϢ⼸۵ĲᡣƷЩֶŮֻҲû飬ž͸Ͽȥˡ
֮ǰû˶˳ȻмֻһСľҪ(ƨp)˻
ҲڻûԱ䣬ҲһϢ
Ҷ˵ĶȽͬ()ƣ
歿ɫЩ԰ףĵʣû°ɣռǲǻķܴľ
ռȽѵĶɫͻò̫ÿղ
Ц˵ţķ˲ٵľҲҪúϢһ
ķѴռǺ۵ġ
ȻķѺܴ󣬵ռҲܹôҶ㾫Ҳûʲô
úϢҪ̫ˣ㲢ûǷ˭ģܹҪл㣡⻰Ƕ˵ģʵ˵ġ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1590.1590 Բ


1590 Բ
ǷκˣʲôҪ˼
һʲôطûãͻȻָǲ⿴Ľ
֪歵ĺ⣬ʵЩûиж֮˵Ŀ̬ȣԷ˼ͲǷ˭ġ
ˣΪѹʲôģѡֱӳʰԲš
άѿɽ
ЦŽִ歵ļЦ˵ţһעϢģ
ڱȽصԱѾιʣµԱҽܸ㶨
歺½ɽһϢ
ԭﻹæˣ̲סĴʦôྫǻǾҽưɡ
歵ĻҲúܶ˲žȷʵǷκ˵ģǵøл
һЩԭӦˣ̬Ҳת䡣
ȻҲвΪģʯ֮ˣ֮ǰΪҲһ֡
ȻҪӮǰҲӦõ
رǿί㣬͸ۣĸйҲ
̬ȴûô(r)(qng)䵭һЩ
͸ˣԸٺЩ˴һɽ
˽ȥսŽʿסɽϢ
ԭͼˡϵ£ȴն˳ܹۿֱ⣬Ѿ޷޷磬޷ϵ
Ƭɢһεжźš
ܹۿֱҪ֮ǰĴûбȫƻ
ֱҲãټ˿õǵ(qng)ҲͲôˡ
ȷʵ룬ֱ֮ǰ췭ظʱƼҵ˶һǵƷں
Ǳѳɹ΢˿
ƷＸ˵Ķˡ
Ů۵ýɽϢƷɫʮֵѿ̫ˣҲھͺȥμôΣյĽĿҪóռ֪ᷢʲôء
ºܵŮҪô죿ϵǡ
ն˵źȫʧˣݸսŴϢѾ޷̽鵽ǿŻǵλãǿǷ·ʧһ
ΪҲǣսŷɴͻ׸޷ȥԮ
Ʒ￴ֱɫ£ŻӦʲôȻͷųεʹǺ̽޷֪Ĵڡ


1591.1591 򶼱


1591 򶼱
һǡ
սŵľӢɳ˷ɴͻף֮ǰ·ѰңҲûпǵĴڣֻ֮̽ǰڲԶٽʲôûС
ƾü˵ӦûˣҲǻǿܳһʲôס˻ǣ۷߻þ֡
ʱҲڱڵ׼ǰǿŻǡ
ϵȻֱ֪Ŀǰǰȫģﻹǲ͵ģôҪȥǿŻǡ
ڷľƷƾǱȽġ
һȥҲ׼ԹȥһѰҡƷ֮ǰȥȫŲ
ƾҲһҲȥ
ҲرҲȥ
Ʒε˵ͱȥˣ߻в㣬ǿ϶ȫġ
Ԥûж೤ʱˣҪǹȥ̥鷳
ƾҲͬĵ㶼ڼϢɡ
ȥҲûã軹ڼչ诸á
ӣ̾˿ðɣ
һҪȫǿ
ĵȥã()(yn)·ϰֺʹ硣
ҲСŮŮҪ벻ˣȥȷʵôֻͬ⡣
ǽ͹ȥɡϹͶ󷨶Ƚͻ˵а취ҵǿŻǡ
诵֣Ҳȥ
Ʒڰ֣Ҳȥˣ㹻ˣչ˺üɣȻʲô£޷Ӧ
Ů㿴˳۵ˡ
ǰչ˼ɣٺϵҲ
Ǿˣȥ̫Ҳûá
÷ģֻεͷðɣʲôϵң
ʱλҲĴģôȥμ̽սĿ(qng)ôǺã
Ʒ˾Ҫȥ׼ţүӾʹ绰ˡ
ǷһͨҪƷڵģ˭޷ϵСӣֻܽڴ()ˡ
ƷֱԹƷһͨ˼СӲףӾͲܿ׵㣬ôŮǻȥ¼ʲôֱˡ
ƷҲΣҪ֪ᷢ£϶ֹģⲻԭҲҪŮ
ܵ˵ܲס
үһͨ˵ƷҪƾͷȥǿŻǣŽ˽
ͬʱƼһ֧ӢӣƷһȥǿҪŮһôӺСӶˡ


1592.1592 Ȼɶȹ


1592 Ȼɶȹ
֪ϰ֡ͷѾһ˯˵ڶ
߳ɽľѾȫָ
ԱĲ(qng)õ˿ƣΪμʱĺҩЧֺֿã˶ָж
ִ˳ȥժ˲ٵҩĻ޴ҩŸҳԡ
˲˵ҩ裬ÿԱ˼š
֮ǰսŵĽʿǾͶҩŴѾãȻǳȥˣɻܻźĳһҩţﻹǵõ˲ٵĲ㡣
ҩŵЧҲܺãٴϢһϣ˼رص⣬˶ж·ˡ
ƷҲûͣĿֱڿţֻڱ˻ȫԱǡ
һ磬˴ɽϡ
Ʒڿʣһ·أ
óűռ£ָָһ򣬡ԺһЩ
ãߣƷİ壬һ
ΪռԼαսŶǾӢСӣʮʱ䣬˲ٵ鷳ˡ
ûٳ֮ǰĵ(qng)ĴҲôĵ
ǰٴοʼռ߽ޣ٣ҶСĵ㡣
ԽߣԽӽǵĵشҲʹҲΣա
½Цʣǲ֮ǰҪʵˣ
֮ǰ˵һֻʮһı޶ս
ЦǰԷſˣ
½ս̫ˣ
˳˳ǣø(ƨp)һ㶼ʮһı޺
Ȼռһˡ
ʮĸ·ΪռԼ֤˺ܶΣգǶռѾκλɡ
²ϲʯˣҲûٶռж顣
·ʱս׼
ռϣ緹ϢʱͻȻ춯
ڵսŽʿ󺰣ķбϮ챸ս
ԭԱϢ˷׷վ()ʲôķУ
⣬ռһ·ΣŸոտʼ
ȻΣȻɶȹ
Ʒںϻױս
һ䣬˷׷˻ף⡣
ܿ죬𶯵һ˫˫۾Ҳɭ
ķֵıޣһۿȥȫǣǧֻڳ˶Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ܿ죬Ӷķ߳һֻӴɢǿϢıޡ


1593.1593 ûꣿ


1593 ûꣿ
˸ȵǣֻ޿ȥԼһġ
𣡡ͻȻһֻɵıޣȷһ˻𣬻սһ
ķıǺԥĳһֻֻȥײޱȡ
սžӢȳȥͱսһţ½ʵļαҲͬʻŻ׳ȥ
׺ͱ޻սһֻͷһĿĶȴûж
ƷʮʮһӶҲûж֣ϱֳ֣һվǰŻֻޣ뿴Ҫʲô
սı޵ȼʮȣȻܶ࣬ǱսŵľӢѹסˡ
()߱ģʵǱ޹ĶҪˡ
ֻ֮ͷͻȻһ
û뵽ǣû÷ȥ
ʣ֮һŵıޣ׷׸ˡ
һĻҶе¡
ʲô˼һûǶսأôˣ½ӻϳһ˵˵
ȴ˿˾ͺá
ȴֹۣҸоǺıʲô
ֻһʼԭϢСʱȻ·ҿǧˣѡ
ҲЩԾ˵ĴӻϢ
ϢһСʱƷվ()
û˭ԣһ·
һ·ϣԤϵһһ㶼ƽ
Щ֮ǰȻˣÿһξģЩֻµСͻϮ(ɧɧ)š
κƷھԼһʮһϡ
ֻͷȴ֪һߵӶǿһϣǾͺԥܡ
֪ɭﻹǱŲٵĸ߽ױޣôҲҪ׷
Ȼһ֮Уյʮα޵ͻϮŪôƣ
ϳ극ͷſռһԡ
и鷳˶ҪģڸϿȥϢСʱսЩ޵ΪҲЩͷԡ
ͻϮʮΣȫбҪ(ɧɧ)ŵǵ()ƣҹϮ
ڵı̶Ѿô
ֻ޵ͷ죬Ȼб¶ǻۣ˵ǣȴְŵġ
ôֻ˵һ㣬Щ޺棬и߼ӵиǻ۵ıָӡ
ǵĿʲôأ
ĻۣôЩ޻ûꣿ
ҪֱӺúսĴһܣҲôһֱ(ɧɧ)ʹ죡
ʲôʱ򣬱Ҳϲˣ벻ͨ
ǣĻǶûлɣǸϿСʱúõϢɡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~


1594.1594 ԶҲ̫˵


1594 ԶҲ̫˵
һЩҹˣҷ׷Ϣ
ûн˯߶ʱĻὫϵһŷڵϡ
ڸʲôһŷ()Ѱ
վ()˵Ԥһ
Ҹһλȥͬһŷ
Ѱʵͺء
û쳣Ծĸо÷ʡ
ѰаЩޱи߼ָء
˵ҹ𣿡ʡ
Ѱ֪˵ġʲô˵ܸоǳʲôġ
°˵Ҳָо()ϣĳ˵()ϣҪĶ
Ҳ֪𣿡ѰЦЦĿ
һֲۣ񣬲ʲô֪
һת˵ôһ²⣬ȴȷҲûʮİա
ʲô²⣬˵ѰʱȤ
ûӡ
ҸоǺȤȽϴ󡣡
ѰЩĪôô˵
ѵûз֣ÿͻϮΧҺı޶˶ܶҪ()ǼʹߺսžӢ˵Ѿץˣ
ΧҪǱӦҲŶã֡
ΧսǶǿ㣬ˡ
ǰξͷˣǲЩɺϣɺҲˣǾͲɺϡ
ҵûע⣬ѵǸ()ϵˣ޶ֻ߼޲ǿ˰ɣѰЩ񺮡
ҪѰһԶҲ̫˵㡣
Ӧòڣɿһ
ǳģǺпܾǶԷ()ǿʯ
˵ôˣָҲءѰżֿϷļ˵ϮҪץȥɡ
ȴҡҡͷУ
Ϊʲô㲻Ҳ(ͦͦ)ϲҸоƣ˵û()ءѰʡ
ɲԵ±Թ()ӡ
ҪǱץˣǿ϶ܲܣϾֱĿ幫˾֯ģսŵľӢڡץ߲ĻսŵĽҪսŷͥġ
ֲϲǲùԷġ
Ҫǣܾûʲôñĸ߽ױץʯָᷢʲôΣա


1595.1595 


1595 
ûǽƤӵ£Ÿá
Ѱ֪ʯ(qng)ֻôӦΪƷڣҲû˵ʲôɣ
һȥ˯ˣ˸Ƿ
֣𣿡
֮ǰ̽鵽ѰʮһߣԽദԽһӦûʵָѾʮˡ
Ѱתͷһۣвһ֡
˵ʲô£һ뿪ˡ
ôȤȻˣˣùˡ
Ѱ뿪ıӰ˹һȻʮߣصùİ
Ҳ˯
Сʱ򣬴ҷ׷׷߳һսģ
Ϊ֮ǰ˵Сʱ󣬱޻ϮûлĻ
ʯҲ߳񣬿һ豸սģЦЩ˾ôĻ
ҪһûͻϮҿôԲ
üͷˣô˵ڴҶһϵơ
ڵĿֻһȫ뿪Żǡ
Ҳ˴ӱϿԼģҲϣռԣ뿪
ʯһֲ̫建ˡ
ǰˣռûд㻹Ǳսɣϲȴò϶Էռ档
ǸϣռһֱԣҲܴ뿪ˣ˭Ҳ
ʯҪ粵ͻȻ˻ԽԽɫ˲˱䣬Ů˹ȻԤ׼ˡ
ʱҲû(qng)²ۣ˱ս״̬
ܿ죬˫ɺ͵۾ɭڳ˶ЩëȻ
𣡡޺𣬼ֻ޳˽
α޵Ĺĸǿҡ
ҲռԤȣҶսȵĵһغϾͽˡ
ôҾȵǣΰֻƻʮһҲսˡ
ֻˣʮֻʮһûмıޡ
ҲһʮֻޣʮӶһһֻʣµֻͱ˿š
Ʒʮһߣԥӭһֻ
˹ҲһʻŻһֻ
ʣֻһֻһֻ㡣
½ʮһıϮоս⣬ʻŻ׾ͳֻ


1596.1596 ʲôµ


1596 ʲôµ
ֻ޼һɢʮܵ˼ʻף()¶˿м
Ҳûԥֱȥ½Ļ״һš
ʣԭǶıޣĿ()ǻԥץ˭
ʹ߼״ʻŻ׽Χס
ǰлܹʮһߵսսǱȽǿġ
ʮߣսսȻ
ֻʯžżܣƷȴȽϸߣֲһЩս⣬ٷǣһ
˼ʻ׽㻤м䣬Ŀֻޡ
ߣ覺޺ԥһʱ˻׾ػ()ǰǵĵһʵӦ
˻Ҳʮּᶨġ
Ѱ׶ϣֿһԱߣҶģͼֲˡ
ҷ׷ײ²λܾǸսսʿǣΪǴûпʻס
սŵľӢʱЩӴı޲סԭҲŸ߽ױޣҲ˾Ե߱Ǳܶࡣ
ʱ˭û뵽һܻ״Աǰڳһػģ
Ļף΢¾ͻָƽλѾʯԻ֮ǰ˾磬жôѡҲû
ʯ˾̲ס𾪲ѡ
ڸʲôأǲܴطˣʯ
ûпӻﴫûܴط
ôȥǱȥˣ㲻ˣʯźܴŭ
Դϴ˺͹Զǣرǲٶôάܲˡ
ĻʹߣôȥǱˣ
ҲŻûţ()Ҳ̫Сˣô˻ڼţû
ɲԼĻʹ߱ģ˿еŴ磬㻹ڹ治ǹġ
㲻Ҫҵˣòã
Һ£Ż
ȥϧʯˣû˵£
һ治Ǹʡĵġ
˵Ļ߲ɵùһĻȡ
ʲôΪ˽ˣ
ǰҪ⻰ۣͬȴ̫ˣѹϵ˻˵ȳڶԼȳ
֮Ҫûҵ˫˫žͷˣûվλá
תͷ˿㣬()߻ǿ߻Żʲôµġ


1597.1597 Ҳ̫˰


1597 Ҳ̫˰
㽫ҧ飬
ﲻˬ˼㣬ڻֱȻû˵ʲô𱸵Ļ
ѵ˵Ӧöǵñ
Ȼʯ
һ()ǲ̫խˣֲǹģ()ǲ̫˵㣿
ԺͲ㡣
ǿ㣬Ƕ׼ˣ
˵ԺŻȥȴмһ
ͲɣԺΣ޹ء
ҲһߣӦø˲ŶԡҲǹ׷ߣҪͼ˶˹ϵ
ʯû뵽˵ô(qng)Ļ㣡
׼ǳǹˣɲ̸(qng)˵(i)ĵطҪһȥӰˡ
ǱѾѡԵÿӦԣûʱ;ʯϷ
⻰ʯѡܹϡ
ɫ˲ѿѣֻڻֱͷ޷
ʯһҭҪǺȥžͼֻʮһıޣһӰ˹һ
ܿ˿л˼ֻ
ΪֻķǱߡ
Ȼֻ߽ױҲˣǱ߱Ƚܹܿơ
ȷʵǱ޵뷨׼ȽҪ﹥ץߣȻԼͬҲʰʮߡ
ƿ˵ķŮһץߣҲͻϮĿġ
ϧȥӵˣһӡ
ֻ˹ʱ޺Ȼ֪ԼУɻǺԥĵһʱʻȥֵצӡ
˵Ļױ޵צĿɳȥصڵϣ޵Ļֱӳ˹ϡ
û취ʵʵ̫
һߣҧҧҲ׼ȥȵֵһϵ˸Ϲæ
ҪʻŻ׷ɳȥʱһӰӴ()߻
ŵĵɴ۾ֻȻӻԼ˳ӭֻ߽ױ޵צӡ
ֻҲ£Ů˵ĵҲ̫˰ɣ
о˷ܣ·ʱܽ˺һ㣬צӺԥ¡
覵˼״ŲѵĴ󺰡
ƷڼҲһҪϹȥԮȴסˡ
˾ͿĿɿڴһĻ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1598.1598 ϲͳ


1598 ϲͳ
ֻǳĶֻ߽ܿ޵һצ()˱һš
˼ǣֻ޾Ȼһŵ˺ü
ôܣʯ°ͶҪˡ
ʮһıްǼʻҲһܽŵˣȻ()()ˣԼ۾
Ҳ((Ʊ))ˣͬʱһʣôģ
ֻ߼Ҳû뵽Ľһŭˣ
ŲϵĶʾĶܣͬʱŪúǱ
ʱҲоˣ֮ǰֳľżߣ()ɢϢʮ۷塣
Ըʮһıûʹܣȫƾ()ǿ䶷ɶܺ͹
ʱ½սֻ޽ķɳȥתͷϮ
һֻʮһ۷ıޣӵ׵֡
һ߳Ϯһߴֻͷ׵硣
һǿ׵ֱֱĳںһֵֻȥ
ƷڵҲ˲ϱ޵ƴҲҪ˹æ
ܽǲùңȴһоսζ
˫һ̧Ͽ˺һ¡
˲һռѷ֣ǵ׵˲䱻ռѷɽȥ
ʹоĿռУ볯ֻ׵()ı޶ȥ
ֻ޲ֻӵ׵ܣٶȻر죬һ¾ʧԭء
ĿռУûʧ¶ֹ
覣׵ٶ()Ļףϲ𣿡˺һռѷ죬һŽ֮ǰֻ߽ױ˽ȥȻ󿪿ڵ
е£ܿͶ˼
֮ǰѡϲıޣȻס
û뵽ʱǵã(r)ģ󺰵ϲ
Ҫ鷳ˣİȫҪһ䡣
ٶȼ׵()ĻףûмǸ˶ϲ๦ǿĻס
ֻȻҲĶȴΪϲΣա
¶һЦݣϲͳɣ
Ȼֻ޶ȥһһ˲սһ
ֻ޵ٶȷǳ죬()ҲֻܿӰϵҹл
ֻܿǳʧȴѲ׽ǵս켣
Ʒʮһߣܸ֪սķ½ʮ޷֪ɼƶٶж졣


1599.1599 ս


1599 ս
ʱһﶼ𾪣Ҷû뵽ʮȻܹʮһ۷ı޴ƽ֡
ٶȻ£ֱ˾̫˼ˣǸ
()ǿȺƶٶҲ̫ˡ
ʮӺһײ˶ЩͷƤ顣
һײ˾ͼֻ޶ŸԵĺ浹ɳȥ
ڴʱӽռѷֻޣͻȻһĿռǱ˳
()˺ۣ˫۾ǳ޺ͱ壬źսֻǰ
˲ֻսһٴοۻҡ
ۣһצڵϣһѪ˳
Ҷ̲ס͵ġ
̧ĨĨߵѪЦȴӲãֻ޿ڵлˣ
ڳ˿ģ˳ǣǱɵˣ
ѪȻҪлʲô˼
ڳѰȴˣڵڸлһսѹ֮Ҳɹսнˣ
ˣ覴ʱѾ˼ʮһˣ
սˣѰ΢΢һЦ
ȻĻ䣬ƺ֮ǰȫͬɢһǿϢȻٴγֻ޹ȥ
ٶȸ죬Ҳһ̨ףӶ֮ڳ˶ȭ
ʮ֮һˮ룬⻰һ㶼١
øղűһצĵ֮();˲һ̨ף֮ǰȫûȡ
Ѱ˵ģ֮ر͡
˸߽Ͽռܵٶȼӳ֣ܿͽֻ߽ѹŴ
ܿ죬ԭֻ˵ıޣȭֱߵѪأѵֱ߷ɣȻҲˡ
ҸоϢһȥ
Ȼ˾ͼײеļֻ׵()ޡ
Ѱ˵ģս
ֻֻԭ׺ޱȣٶȵıޣһȭȭĴ˵ϣ()뵽޻֮
˾ͼֻޱ߷ɣȭȥ߷ɣŰǶ̲סʿˮˡ
ôҲ̫ײˡ
ʵҪֵôײУʵǸղͻȻ̫ˣȻҪɢɢ
Ӻ侲ֻ߽ױѾҪڵϣ()ںͺ󱳶˽ȥȻǱȭͷ˹ͷ
дʱȫһƬҰܺ;Ůô޻ײС


1600.1600 


1600 
ֻһϢı˳ȻӿռóһȽϽʵٽ˫צ˫Ȱ
ºں˶սʮһޣеս
ûеȥһֻǶʮֻһ𷢶˿ռУʱ˺һռѷ죬ľϵܴ߶ܵĴȥ
ֻظʮֻ߼޿಻ԡ
֮ǰռϷģΪĸƻ·硣
ƽֵҲסĿʼܡ
ԭ·ģǱһӰ죬ܿͱߵʮһ˻նɱ
Ĳսȫıս֣һ˶ˡ
ҲΪı䣬ԭԽԽϾսһ¾ͷתˣ෴ʼռƣѹű޴
ûᣬһֻֻĸ߽ױޱЩͽ׵ıҲսߵľӢһһɱ
ڴһʱͻȻ¶֮ɫȫԱѸҿˣ
ս˺ѾͣսˣĻЩĪʲôˣ
ռԤûжʣ볯߿㼸˶û⡣
ôҸеȺͲǣЩԭǵıһֻֻҲ˻ص֣ɪɪ
Ƭ̺һ紵ҶĪñ
Ȼһ˫ȵıɫ۾˲ԶԶŵ׺
һ߽()Ҳ¶ǰ
һֻʮףϰ׵ıޣ۾Ǳɫȫ()ȴͨӨס
ԭӦӨ׵ůɫۼȴ()Ϣ
()γ¶()ϵϢҲεͷš
ܵʮˣһúѣ˫˫ŷҪ赹ĸо
˹ͻȻֵĸߴޣ¶˴֮ɫʮıޣ
ʱʵ˵ҲѾµˡ
ֻʮıޣܹôϢС
Ʒڵʮһߣɫ˲˱䣬ǲ²⣬֮ǰı쳣ֻ
ȫһȦʮһ߼ʻŻΧ
Ҳ˻ף߳ȥվƷڵԱߡ
һסܣƷڵӻﴫȻǶ˵Ļ
Ĭܲģǵĵ̡
սɣʮı޲ǲսʤġ
Ʒҧҧãս
ʮһͬһս
ãʮһ߷׷׻ش


1601.1601 ѹֿô


1601 ѹֿô
ֵĸ߽ױĿɨɨƷڣܿ()ϡ
()ı壬Ȼƻƻܲϲ
𣡡ſ˻
ʮһµ߷׷ױסͷһܵʲôشĴˣʹ಻ԾļС
ʵʮıʵ̫ǿˣĺﶼžЩܲˡ
Ѹóһŷ󷨷˳ȥûΪһɫĹֽ()ʮһȫ
ϰָģֻܹܷ
ֳ֣ԭʹ಻˲ŽĻ
ѰζĿųֵĸ߽ޣڵҪҳ𣿡
⻰˶Ҫ־ͳ֣һٵʣ
һʮıޣӳĹֱţȻҪҪ֣((Ʊ))װƯ
Ҳֻ֪Ѱʵ
صãǰûʮıޣ֡
ڳҪѹĿô׵ѧɡ
ʮһı޺ʮɲᲢۣŽʮһأҪսʮˣ
ò˵ʱ˵ĸоܿĵ󷴲ܴ
ڳȴĪһָоӦòװ((Ʊ))ģ뽫ʮ֡
𣡡ֻ߼޵ǻ۸ߣĻŭˡ
˻žͻӴצӳ
ʻŻӭȥԺܵĽǶȱܿ˱޵ĹȻԴڡ
޲ûжܣʵaԴ()ϲûжвۼ׶ûˡ
ڳ˶֪ʮıֻsײ˵
ʻĻֻaܻ׺b׵ĽϣԺֻޡ
Щ֪᲻֪
Դڲһ̽Σͳű޵ıԾȥ
ƷȻñֶŮʮĳֻ޹ȥ
޵оǲм֮ɫЩСƸû˵
ۼͻȻɢһɫһŵɫʮܻ׷ȥ
㿪һ
ⲻֻʵǿͬ׵()ڱ׵()Ӧɱ֮ǰסֻǿ̫ˡ
ƷڵҲоΣգʻŻҪܿ
ǻ׵ٶȴȲЩɫ
һţ~


1602.1602 ֻΪĴʦ


1602 ֻΪĴʦ
ܿ챻֣һ׵罵ڻϡ
ʹĲҽдӻﴫ
˾ͼԭԾڰյʮܻף׷׵ڵϣұһƣеĻð˲ٻ𻨣ȻѾˡ
ֻƷںͻ˹Ļ׿ȥ(qng)ҪһЩϾǵaƷס
Ҳʮһ׵紩͸˵()塣
Ҳܵ׵ĹֻǱ׸뵲ȥ˴룬û˵Ҳˡ
((co)co)ػʧܣ׵ƻ˻׵Ŀ̨ʧˡ
ʮУֻʻŻױܿɫ
һغϾʧˣҲûж𾪣ϾʮıޣʵȫվڶĴڡ
ܣһٴӵð˳ȻƷڵ˵ĻףȫŶ˽ɫ
ȫĺֻ߽ױս
ܸоõһǿӦýʮܾˣ()ӱ׵֮ѶԸ
ҲΪˣеսŨҡ
޸ӵŭһɫγɣܸǣȻһǿ׵£ûп϶ĲϺʻĻס
ڳ˿Ĳ˲е۾¿ʻĻױ׵
ʵ׵˵ĸо̫ǿ̫Σˣôܼĺ()ݶܶ
Ʒڼ״˫ͨ죬ѸٴӻȥҪȥæ
ȴֵ˻ȥ
ڳˣڿֱˣȫ
ܶﶼһͷĴʦҪ군ˣ
˭û뵽ʻĻ׾Ȼƾʧԭء
ٴγʱ׵⡣
ڳˣۿֱҲˡ
ʲôĴʦĻٶô죿˲ưɣ
ܣs׶˲ơ
ܣӦռܻ˲ơ
˵ҪĿռ߲˲ֻʮһôܣ
ʮ֮ϻҲǿ˵Ĵڡ
ߣڶǼڳ˺Ϳֱˣ˵ռܹ˲ƣȴû˼
Ҷû뵽Ȼ˲ơ
ΪʲôܣֻΪĴʦһнпܣ۶Զôһš
ԶԣֻΪĴʦԱҪ˲ƣʮһ˲ƣ
ԣֻ
ֻĴʦţ((Ʊ))
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1603.1603 Ҫʲô


1603 Ҫʲô
㿪ܼ׵ȥֻ˫Ҳ¶֮ɫ
ŭһٶŭ
ϵı任ķƶ
ȫ˲ƶˡ
𣡡ҪˣǿĹȻô򵥾ͱܿˡ
ʹʲôֶΣÿռ˲ƶܿ
ܿ죬óħƻǶڻϡ
ħƻ£һ½ʻĻ˫ְصװһ
ֻ֣ǿԴڡ
ֻʮԴڣεħƻµļӳǿ
ڱ()ϣҲɹƿصİɫۼס
һ˿˿ѿ()ʮԣƶ()ΣűһȭȭĹȥ
ħƻ¼ӳֹ׻ȭͷҲʮһȻ޷ñˣҲܶһ˺
𣡡ܿ˵Ķ߲ŭ
Ҫ˲Ʊܿ޷
ûҪڣȻȭ˿ڴҪץˡ
Ҳǵһαôƣٴŭȴ
ֻ޺ܸ߽ףǻҲܸߣҲͲˣһԾǸǰһצצĳȥȻҪ˳
ƷƵķ󷨷ЧǳĺãôױƵġ
ֻʮһֱͣĺҲʱһѡ
ôϻۣ֪ƣֻҪǣס˹ˣҲɹһ롣
Ԥȴ±޴ƹ֡
ӻﴫ˳ǹ˻ǿֱ˶¡
ҪʲôǴҵʡ
žͼֶ̧˶ͻȻǰķ½һ̺ſʮ
𣡡ǰ˵㣬ֻһɫӿΪһֻ˳ű޷ȥ
û뵽ôǿ֪ʲô⡣
ڹ˲Ĺ֣ܡ
˵ٶȺܿ죬һ¾ٽ()ԡ
޶ֻܲѸٵһצӳ
ܿ˺צӶϣ˲צӡ
𣡡۵ļһ
ż
󷽵ķΪһֻߵķΪһֻұߵķΪ볯űϮȥ


1604.1604 Ȼ


1604 Ȼ
()˸ʧ()()ͷ()ķ˱޵()ϡ
𣡡ҽαȫ()ӿѪۣȻ˲ᡣ
Ŀټʶ£󷨷𣿡
˵̧֣ҪٴĶ
ֻ߽ױ޴ʱг׺⣬ŨŨļɵ
ľĿ˿ǰĸ򣬸ŵϻ()ԥĵת()ʧ֡
ʣ»ŵıҲʧɢʧ
ֻ߽ܵױ޵ϢԶȥ˿
ټȥ˵Ը
ȻΪпռ˲ֻ߼ûа취ȴԹ󷨷ˡ
߼ޱܣڳ˲ֻһľѡ
Ȼôǿսʮһߣܽʮı޴ܣȻˣ̫˼ˣ
ܿ죬ʧ˳
ƷһĵĿĵʣû°ɣû˵
Цҡҡͷû£û˵ҡ
Ʒŷû˵ͺã
Χ
ĴʦղŸŪķ֣Ҳǿռ𣿷Ҳ̫ˣ̲סʡ
ȻԿסʮ޵ĻҲ̫ˡ
Ц˵ǣҵĿռɻôǿķ
ĵǰҰ͵󷨷ҲûҴš
󷨷һû
͵һַӡ棬֮ʹˡ
ôһ˵ҶˣԭˣЩ߸󱲸()ԭ
ܹԼֻӡƷںΣչؼʱ𹥻߱á
֮ǰĵҲ󷨷𣿡ʡ
ϢǰǾ˷ĸλֱһŷ˭û뵽֮˴
ͷҼҲַá
Ĵʦղôֻ޷ˣҪٸ£϶ˡһսŵĽʿ̲סʡ
ʮıްҪ˵Ļȫ()Ǳ
ȻԼṵ̂˼ֻΪĴʦÿϧ
Цַһ()ģ𿴸оĸλʵֻ˿дģٶԱô˺ˣ


1605.1605 ûиֻ


1605 ûиֻ
֮ǰҲֻ޵ġ
ԭˣܹҲãǾ鷳ˣҶлЩ¡
ȻѾˣɴһǺľ
ܹʮޣֱ̫ţˣ
һսŶӳʣĴʦ֮ǰڻϵħƻaƷʵһûмӳֹôġ
ӳڻϣȻa˵ʮޣħƻµЧҲһĺá
ЦţҸģδⷢûм
ӳ̲סĴָ
սŵĽʿֶǱȽģסҩħƻ¡
Ҳ󷨷Ƴһӳ̲ס̾
ʱҶһ£ʲôͱ
ְܹƳʮ޵󷨷ܹaƷʼӳЧߵħƻ£òƺţ((Ʊ))
ƷͲµó󷨷ƵģЦ˵ˣղսۣϢᣡ
ԶԣĴʦϢϢ׷׵ͷ
ʱҶϿѾֻռҽϣʵսϿɡ
رսŵȺʿһж
ûȥϢǿ˿֮ǰ˵Щʮһߡ
һһƿaĻָҩ˵ĵҩҲһš
õaĻָҩһе¡
Ҳ̫ˣܲԺȣһӶ᲻úȣƽ򲻵Ҳ᲻̫ˡ
üӶҲһ뷨᲻úȰ
ڸоȥܱ̫˷ˣ
ʧЦǺ˰ɣǵþָƺսи߽ױ޹ô죿
꣬ҪʱٸǾͺˣ󷽵˵
˳˳ǣ᲻úȵҩôĴʦоֵǮأ
ȿȣһӶɿһʣĴʦǲܹҩ
Ȼ־һһƿ֮ǰ͸֮ͬ˵ģòƶҪʮƿˡ
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
Ц˵ģ֮ǰҰ͵ģһٶƿأԼҲò꣡
һ˶ˣԭûиֻ
һٶƿaָҩôĵöԴʯ
ԴʯҲõ
(qng)ĴʦֻԼţ((Ʊ))һְְ


1606.1606 ĴʦǱŮ


1606 ĴʦǱŮ
ˣӳȫˡ
ԭʣҪĴʦʲôĻܲæƿ
ԭְ͵ģҲͲ֪ôˣ
Ǿ˵Ĵʦţ((Ʊ))ˣôҲûСóģı϶򵥣
Ͽֱ˼״һҲ̲סˡ
ţ((Ʊ))ҵĴʦ
ĴʦȻиְ֣̫ţˣ
ûˣһ;ϰƿaָҩİְҲҪ
ôûİְ֣Ҫİְ֣أ
ҵİְ֣֪İְ˭
ĵĺҺûУİְֵ˭أ
ܹóôaָҩܹƳôǿ󷨷İְ־Բǳ
ڸĴʦĹҼˣ󱧽ȣ
Ĵʦĺhi̫̫ˣ
ûоãĴʦǱŮÿζܲó˾ϲ͵۾Ķ
ռҽֲҩҩ衢󷨷ħƻ£ҺĴʦʲôûóģ
¥ϻû˵ȫأĴʦиְֺħƴʦţ((Ʊ))硣
Զԣְ⣬ĴʦĸҲ(ͦͦ)ţģܹôƷʵħƻоӽsʦˡ
ͬҵĴʦ׵ıŮ
ڴĴʦ֮ٶǵ㾪ϲεֱֱ̫̫ÿˣ
оֱȫĴʦĸ㰡
ǣҪûĴʦֱĵôߣôܣ
ĴʦǶֱѾʮˣ׵ĴֱĿļ¼һܶࡣ
ֱûأŽĵܼԻͣ
ԶԣֻΪĴʦ
ˣҵĴʦ
ǷˣΪʮı޺ô̫Ĺڱ׷׵ֱ
һ׵жͣˣ
һߣ¸߽ױϮǼ᲻úҩӶֻ()ۺȥȥ
ҩǾйĵЧرãһ¾ͻָ˴֮ǰƣҲһɨա
ʮ˽ҩ꣬˶̲סЩĽкܶ˶δָƷҩء
βֻ˼뵱ĹҼսŵĽʿ۶뵱ĹҼˣôĽȣҲ뱧
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1607.1607 ܲ


1607 ܲ
ۣռһԣôȻϢҹû£ֻ()ı޽Լ
ͬʱѰ歽˽ȥ
Ѱȥŵϵı޾֪Ҫʲôˡ
ҪĻȡںϣ
ͷѾ˼ƻоɹĿ()ֻܴҪǰæ¡
Ѱû⣡
Ҳ뿴ܲܳɹ
е£ǵ˼Ҫ޻Ĳϣ
Ѿоֻǲ֪ûȤЦʡ
ҪһϴʦæУ̻Ƚ鷳
۾ģȻȤˣ
˾ǶԲѧȤǰΪ˱޷빫˾ϰ࣬ԼҲ˲ϴʦΪҲһִоġ
һת⿿ԼĻܻЩ㣬ǰĲ϶عҵΪ׷澭Ƿȱ
ĻǵĽܻ̿°͡
歿˵˹רҵˮƽҸߣٸ߼ײϵо
һļ˶ûɶøУԻ˹ǲ㷴УԷרҵˮƽܸߣӦܰﵽŻ
ͷûȤеĻǾͿʼоɡ
ãûѰϵˮƽҲһ㣬ȣͬûзԡ
߳񣬾ֱߵһϢǸ
Ϊҹô(qng)ҶѾû˯⣬ܶ˻棬ҪҪ
ʯΧ㣬һֱ֮ơ
˹ǵĲԶȫûκνŪ֮ǰǿʯͷ
ߵǰӣʱ𣿡
˹̧ͷоǲ죬ȻԼġ
վ()˵ð
˾ͳŲԶһƬյȥ
㿴뿪ıӰһƬ()ܿȥ
ڵ뽫ǵĶӳҲ𣿡
Ѿǹ룬ȻҪһ飬()ߣҪǻ˹ٱߣǾֻʣĸˡ
СͲΧ()ߵ׷߻ѣҪǻֱЩͷģȴȫȥ
ԭصҲˣܲ
Ȼ˹ƽûı֣ҲĻʹߣͲԷ£


1608.1608 ᱻ


1608 ᱻ
û˵ܴ󣬾Ҫ£˹ô
˵ڸصΰȫȥֱ̽ն˵Ѿûʲôˡ
ʯ¶ַ߷߲ƽǺ޲øΧת
̾˿Ҳ֪᲻ȥ顣
˹ҪйȻᱻߣҪǾôˣҲû˼˹˵
ǰߵ㶼ҫ۵ģȴĹ⻷ǲˬ
ֻϣ˹Ҫһһ顣
¶įίܵɫǶǵ˵һЩûʲôȴĻ
û˵Īһ֣ΪʲôǾ㲻ǰʶһˣ
ֻʯˣ٣㷴Ȱ˵ĻȴǻϽͣᣬ²ĸ졣
ʯ˲١
ҲνֻҪ̣Щ˸Ŀڻܿģ
()Ҳǲ򵥣ȴû˵ļҡ
()ݿ϶ʯʯ()ӣ֮϶ҲģͲҶʯ
ڵֱͷ߹ȥͷҲš
˹뿪ֱͷδתƣͽʯı(qng)ȫ¼
רŸֱܿ¼ƾͷĸݼл⿴㣬Ǿͷֳһͷǣһͷ
Ȼϣʯ㱻ˡ
С׻ʲô˼Ĵʦһ˹϶(qng)ʲôҪˣ˰
ĽʺĴʦҪСҡ
ʯȻǵһ˾ļ̳ˣһŮתҺܻôϼ̳λõġ
£˵軹СתأԭĿĲҪռ˾̲ôߣ˼иС衣
ΪüʯĸֵúܴСλ(qng)ܡ
ģԲ²۱ʯ
˵˵ҲʵȻʯֱı֣Ǵ˾ļ̳ˡ
һɵƿصһ˾֮󣬹˾ᱻˡ
ҲôãֱС׻Q
쿴ֱͷĴʦͻ˹()ˣҲ뿴С׻㣬̫ˣһϲĴʦľͷ
ԶԣǿĴʦԭһЩģڿĴʦ˲䱻ˡ
˲佫еĹעתƵ()ϡ


1609.1609 Ҳ֪˭


1609 Ҳ֪˭
ߵյأͻ˹ͣ
żɽ˵ӣһϵоҪûȤ
˹û뵽ΪԼЦʣʲôо𣿡
һ޻ںϳײϵоѾݶˣҷ㿴
˹ЩԾȻҪ޵ĻںϳɲϣȤð
Ҫǻˣ϶֮ԱЦЦ޻ײϣǰҲûȴʧˡ
оԺǰоɹУҲΥ׵ķչԭɡ
ˣһ(jn)Ժʦǲ(yn)оһ顣
û뵽ڽʧо˳
֮ǰɹоˣоԺͬоʧܻܵףûо쿪
ϱãŻͬ⿴ϡ
ƽ¿Բ棬ǶԼרҵҪȴܸߣݲף뽻Ҳܡ
˻նˣԼݺϷ˹
Ҫо޻ϣǾͲ׼ڵģֱͷ()ϣûзԡ
һҲͻתͷ
˹ϣֱ˶סˡ
˭û뵽һ˹ȻҪоĿ
ʯЦ쿪ɣоԺͽΪɿĿ֮һҲ(jn)ֹоģ浱Լǻţܹоɹ𣿡
ȴץס㣬ôҪ⹫ΥоԺ(jn)ˣ
ܾоԺ룬оԺɱϢΪ漰ӺͶ෽أûй
ֻڻ׽ϲ֪£ĸ߲ʹǲ֪ġ
ʱһֻȻҪԼĺоԺŸɡ
Ҫ֪оԺ׽ͷϴҪԼԼһеĳ·
ʯһ⻰ͷǰҲ֪˭ҹ⹫ȻоԺԣΥоԺ(jn)
Żʦأѵ֪ŭоԺ³
ʱɵˡ
ֱĹҲֳɣһȻ֧ģһŵķ˿ǡ
һǳַģӦùΥоԺ(jn)ҼȻսоʧܵĿֺα˷ʱ;ѵΪ㣿
һģǲֻ̣Ƚ


1610.1610 ǲʲôϵ


1610 ǲʲôϵ
˹ıǿ󣬱()()ҲµģȻ֪оԺ¹(jn)ȴǽϿ
оԺֻǻ׽ͷµ(jn)зЧӦǿӲʵʦǵԾ
Ͼ˿ɶǲǺ͵оԺôи()͵Ļʦ̫ˡ
Լ˰Сʱ˹ٵĿһϺݣžͱˡ
ǲϷĴʦȻܹ￴()
ͬʱҲһ()ϵˣնƿĿ⣬Цһֻ֣ҺܸȤϣǺ죡
ҲȽͻ˹()񣬻ϴʦȤҲǲѡоԺԵġ
ֺգϣǺ죡
𣿲Ļһȥ£
˹Ц֮ǰĻָҩҾء
뿪յأȻ
Ѱ歽ܸ˹֮˾ͽһչоĿ
Ʒ֪ԼֶŮҪо޵ϣԥĽ֮ǰսõʮһıʬ˹ȥ
ʮһ߼״Ҳûԥ׷׽սƷȥ
Ʒڵ˵ľٶ֮˷᲻ѡ
ҲҪоԺ𣿡װ̾˿
ʯƷںܷУǵ֮ǰӵ(qng)Цҿ˵һҩ˾оԺвٺĿҪƼˮء
оԺλǸڵһҩ˾ġ
е()ֻ歺ͻ˹ˮ¾ȻԼƼҶˮˣ㲻ͬĸ̾
ͼܶһչˣҪִ϶ġ
ʯƲƲ죬ɲ֮ǰǵ㹦()
ֻû뵽ܻ֧ΥоԺ(jn)ܶԼαǹա˵
ܾƷڶһ㣬֮˵ʲôɸ˵Ĺϵ
ȻǲģȴһͨĻʹء
ʯ֮ǰû룬˭֪Ϊʲôûôαأ˭֪ʲôϵ
һ˷ܣ·Ʒںʲôѱһ
˵ĻҲò˼
ȥ߽ױ֧оҲʹĿ϶ԼоԺ(jn)ӡ
Ʒڶȷʵ̫һ˵㣬αûôء
ǲʲôϵ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1611.1611 С


1611 С
ߺͶ뵽о֮Уûȥֱ
ҪʱѰ˲Ŵ߳ȥϢ
Сʱ˳
ʱѾкܶڻ׷Цк
ĴʦǲϹռһԣսǱߵĶӳЦʡ
ſʼÿ춼Ҫռʱǲ̫ġ
ȴ˶(r)Ժţʵռ֮Ԥ̫׼ˣܹʡºܶࡣ
Цóű޵ĹΣգ
ͺãսŶӳ˿
¾Ϳʼ·һ·ϹȻ˱޵Ĺ
ֻδҵĶʮҵıޣ˶ûг־ͱսߵľӢ㶨ˡ
޺ΪʵĽ£ÿ޵ͻϮȥս
ȻȽ࣬ΣգǽǺģֻʵˣܻ׷һ
ʱͻȻһ޵Ĺ
εıȴ֮ǰĲͬǲʮһıޣ˾ȵȴδ˲ٵ
ǰֻ֮ǰֻʮޣȥһƷ֡
ǸӨɫСһֻտ˫ˮģʮֵ(i)Ҫֻ߼޿(i)ˡ
óСһͷģΪʮһı޶վĺ棬Ϊģ
Сһ()һȺСӣë׿ȥ(i)鶯ģпȥȽ׺ģҲпȥȳȵġ
һ˿ı޶е¡
ʲôǸǵСһսŽʿ˵
ǻǵһ(qng)
ʮ**ǣЩ߼ȫں滤ء
ͷСӺ֮ǰֻʮĸ߽޿ȥģǲֻ޵̣
Ǹ߼Ҳģǰɱˣ
˵޵淨ҲܲпᣬҪǱɱֻܹԼܵء
ԭˣǾֻжСǴɱˣ
һƷʮһӶЩϧЦ˵ЩСҪƽӶǿǲɶõĳ۵ǸЩ壬׬һء
ЩսŨŨСǣûбţ۾ġ
ĳҽԺȱЩСȫȥͽ㣬ָóҽԺһأ׵Ļ档
ϵĶŹСǣѱĸ߽ױСӿɺϲء
رǰֻСӣѪִȥ鶯ϻۣ˶ϲ


1612.1612 ͻ䰡


1612 ͻ䰡
ǰֻСɫޱ۷ŹĶţ֪ΪʲôĪúһ
𣡡ʱŭˣ˻һʹı޳Ⱥȥ
ĸѾˣҪ̳λãǾ͵ƴս
ŻŸСӣԼµİ׹Щ๥
֪ȺҪһ()ϵĶ涼ҪģֻҪץסˣȥʹĪİ
ڳ˺ܶ඼˻ӦԳıޡ
ڵˣЩСӾҰɡ
ڳ˲֪Ҫʲôȴûз˼
ǼʻŻֱӱܿ˳Сǣӭ˺ȼһıޡ
ľٶҲñСˣʲôࣿ
ܿǸӵ˷̫ԴˣȻҪһ˶Ըô࣬ⲻץ
ͷֻ£еСŽΧס׼ʰһͨٽץȥ
ϰֻСΧס˶Щ
û˭̫İȫϾܹսʮ޵ˡ
ЩСӣȼߵҲͷֻʮĶżʵߡ
ȻҪǷĻϣЩСܹﵽôߵĵȼƷѪһģҲӶŻ̾
ţͷֻɫ˻һС볯ȥ
ڴΪ˲ƻ߶СǳʱȴͳһڲϵСӡ
Ȼӣһȥнӡ
ͨͨ
˿һĻˣֻһֻֻȥ׺ѵСǣδ˵ǰͽһֻֻ½˵ϡ
۾һĻǣЩСӵϺԭײеĿ˲º
񣬸һ˾ëȻ׺͡
ʲô࣬ͻ䰡
ss꣬ͨõЧܹӵġ
Ƶģע׺ܣľѪټѱ޵ЩСӾôȶȫʱѱˡ
ҪѱǲģýֲС
ߵֻɫСǰ棬ֱӽȻ°͡
ԭ׺ݵСͷ죬˲ǸԱһֻ°ͣͷ˲
֪ΪʲôŮ()ϴһϲϢĸ׵Ļ֡


1613.1613 ִǵ֪


1613 ִǵ֪
СӼ״׷ǰȥͷצȥ衣
ЦһһǵͷŽȫ
ȻڳȫˣʲôչȫҲ̫ˡ
˵ǣǸСǹĳǣҪʯڷһ
Ǹʲô˵ùץģСôȥô׽ˣ
Ҫ֪Сӿ϶û׽ģݺݵһ
žǸ͵ĹҪСӴǸаŵȳ
ָ˴ŲߵİɫСӣǶȥɡ
СѾʮöžĻǶŸӷ񹥻ı޺˺
ЩȫСӻ뿪
СӼЩûӦ¶˻˼Ȼǲˡ
ЩŲ(qng)Ը˳ɽֻ֣˼ʮֻСӡ
֮͸ҳȥɣ硣ЦŶԻеС˵
ɫС˼£ĸĸļ̳ȨʱѾҧˡ
Ҫ͸ˣȥɡ
໣˲Ը˼
ϲСһԶԣ
ΪǽӺѱãȴ֪()ɢһֻ޸оϢ
ħϵҲ˲ֲֻãԱҲҲ׺ͣʱ䳤˻ھѪ
ֻСӵǻۺ͸ߵѪ()ôͱ׽
ڳ˼״֪ҪʲôԼ(qng)ˡ
Ĵʦ״ǵ֪ٴε߸ǵۡ
Ʒڶ治ѣߵ()ʣô£֮ǰҪģô㴵һӣǾôˣ
˵ȥŵİɫСӡ
˭֪ԭڹ޺СӣͻȻ¶׺ݲѵĳҧȥ
ҪʮһߣӦܿ죬ִʱ϶ѾһѪˡ
״Զҧˣ
С࣬һίͰ͵ģЦСԴ
ǽҵģѱޡƷڽ͡
Ʒû뵽ԼҴֶŮҲôѱ޵ֶοɱЩѱʦǿ
ѱر𰡣ֻ̾øһӾѱޣŶ档
Ц˵ɲӣѱ޵ء


1614.1614 


1614 
¶һɫ
ѧĹޣѱʦԲΪޣⷽûһѱʦܹȵϡ
ô˵ڳٴξˡ
(qng)Ĵʦһţ((Ʊ))ѱ޴ʦ㣿
ܲðһ䣬мãǲǻóģ½̲סʡ
һְ֣һħƴʦĸ磬ðһѱ޴ʦĽ㣬һ
ЦҾһһ㣬ûֵܽˣ
Ҹͽ㶼ģһ䡣
Ҳڽ㻳ˣֻǣǾǽ
½ͬĵͷˣ
ҪڣѱЩı𣿡½ʡ
ͷܣʮһµı޲ڻ£ʮһʮı޾㲻ѱҲܹ޷룬䲻ṥǡ
ʮһʮıֲܹ乵ͨܵ
ҲǳŻһ·ȥĶǱȴûбֲΪѾ͸߼ֲ﹵ͨˡ
½¶ɫл
ҽ()ܺϵȻصǣʶЦ˵
()ȽֱˬҲϲ()ˬʵġ
½ЦĵͷðһҪʶ
ЩСȥһߵϢбŵֻȴŲߡ
Ҳ(ͦͦ)ϲģһֱˡ
Ϊ˸õİЩСӣ³()һԵͣ˷ܿĲѣӵǡ
()߲Ҫ()ԣ²òúöڵŶӣԹԵŵСǡ
ڳ˶׷ҪĴʦţ׺ݵСôɡ
ֱĹҲĿɿڴźܶСǿŹɵСǣһſĶȻˡ
ȰĴʦǴ֮󣬲֪᲻ۣҺҪһֻ
ҲǣҪһֻ
Ҿ͹ЩСϲ
ιСǿ()󣬾Ϳ˴ˢۡ
Цͷ֣ЩСҵʱǣҽ㿪һҳҽԺܽЩСȫѱʱģȥҽԺ
ҽȽ˽⣬ҽҲܸҪС鿴ҲȥҽԺ
Сӣ˳ΪԼҽĳҽԺһ档
ȻЧǷǳõġ
ֱ棬ȫǽҪȥҽԺģֻСӵģиԼҡӡݵˡ
诸տĳҽԺ׵Ҳźһѡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1615.1615 ɱ


1615 ɱ
ʱûй诳ҽԺĵַ
ڱڻĵϣ²ְֺ͸Ӧû㻳()УԷһǵֱʱٹ
ȻȽϼУ˶ǳǰСӣ˵ַ֮ҽܶȶȽϸߡ
ϣѰֽ񣬼о޻뽫ϡ
ÿ춼ʱо˵춯֮£ѸͱоԺǱߡ
оԺĻ״ʦǣƽʱ;оԺͻϣῴֱĿ˵ַʽ̫ĺ͵ˡ
Ҳǲ֪ɵ(qng)ϱͱо߲ߺһȥ˿ֱ
ֱڼ䵱ôڵ棬оضʧûĿȻΥоԺ(jn)ڴǵ
ر֮ǰоܻʧܵļʦΪŭѡ
֮ǰоԺҲҪ˽ܻ׳ɹķ
ʶȤľܾˣһŭ֮¾ͽɱ
ȻûյеĽѵм幫˾ξҹȻоԺа塣
ǵڶһ磬оԺĸ߲ǿһᣬȻڹٷǲϹһɱϢ
оԺ׶λ״ʦзɱڵĻ׹˾дѹǴΥ(jn)Ǵġ
Ϊǻȡ裬ϲ̨С󣬲ΪһĻ״ʦǲмΪ顣
ͨƪǱ·ڻ׵ȦǸ۵һ
оԺٻṫɱ˭ʷھŸɱˡ
֮ǰɱİˣѾ뿪ϲ(i)ĻȦӡ
ʵоԺ̫ˣûл׹˾ҵǣҲûΪӲա
Ϣһ类˲˺ܴ𶯡
Ҷڸ̾ôһ׷Ƣ̫Ӳˣ˭ãҪоԺŸɣڱôһڻϵǰ;ˡ
ҶΪڻȦԭӦһżȽȽǣȴֻճԺ޷Ȧȥ
в֧֣ҹΥ(jn)˾͸÷ɱȫǻá
Ҳ˾ϧͬʱӦֱﵱΥ(jn)³嶯˵㡣
ֻģ֮ʲôоԺαأ


1616.1616 Ʒ﷢ʲô裿


1616 Ʒ﷢ʲô裿
ԴӲμֱǳ׵Ƭˡ
ֱҲһ󲨵ķ˿
ˣķ˿һˡ
׷оԺ̫רУƾʲôҪΪɱǵĴʦôȷĴʦоΪĲأ
֮ǰǻ˵ײоɹĴʦɹˡ
ҿʼ()ıۣоԺΪ֮ǰɹоǶʧܻܵףŻε(qng)ɱ
ʵϾǼɵ
ƷȻڻǣ֮ǰרΪһŶӵģˮ볡һࡣ
ҲʹԽԽ˾ãоԺ̫ԵˣԼоͲ׼״ʦоµ(jn)ûзЧӦ˼ҲҲûʲôɣ
ȻҪɱˣǲ飬Ūɹ
оԺȫû뵽ģٸ߲㱻ˡ
Ǿеаţڻĵôϰ˵Ҳ˵ǵľȷ˸ǸҪоԺŸɡ
Ҳûнϣ˵ǸʱԷɱСɫ
Щ֧ˣҲǹ׵ģǴ򽻵ʸûУǲᡣ
ţһٷǲоԺԼǣƽ
һҩ˾ٷǲӽ쿪ʼʽֹͣоԺһҩ򹩸ֹͶԷĺ
ûиκɣôֹͣ˺оԺĺǵĸʹ߲㶼ȫˡ
ǶƷǲʮ**ֱʡ
Ϊʲôһҩ˾ҪоԺֹͣأǶͷԡ
в˸Ʒȥ磬ûдͨ
оԺҲȫµģһҩ˾ǸأôͻȻֹˣƷ﷢ʲô裿
ҲͼϵƷͬûдͨ
ϵ˵һҩ˾߲㣬õĻظǲ³ˣƶٸ𸴣оԺĸ߲õ
ڱڶ˼ǹѰҵƷʱѾҵڵǿŻǣƾһʼ(jn)
Żһ(jn)ֹ޷̽⵽ûսʿ·Ҳ޷֣Ƴ޷ȥҲԶ
󷨸֣(jn)ֹȻȽǿǵʱ仹Ƶġ


1617.1617 ͦ


1617 (ͦͦ)
ŵսŹٷǲҲһͬǲʾӽ쿪ʼֹоԺĺ
˻ǣڶսŵĹٷǲҲƵǲ
սŷǲһ⣬Ͼսŵս˧ƷƷĵܵܣҲ
ɵڶսǸʲôѵΪ覣ս˧ҪоԺֹҲ̫()˰ɡ
ΪĹٷǲϢҲһᵽ˲ͬζ
ƼΪʲôҪֹоԺĺѵΪƷڶĿأЩ˵ȥ
ҶںƷһ˵Ͼô¸ըͲˣèץһĺܡ
ϺļͽҲڵһʱ䷢ǲʾϿоԺķɱ
ϻǲϷоԺһͨһ㶼ܿҲᱻԷɱ֮ҪΪͽܱƽ
Ļ׹˾Ҳ˹ٷǲʾ(ͦͦ)Լ˾Ļ״ʦоԺͷķɱʹѹ
ϣΪкܶתоԺǲ˴Ҷ֪˷ɱ¼
ƷڿۺЦоԺǿԣɱֶŮȥ֮󣬿ǡ
浱Ƽҵǳصģ
Ȼͼת˵һҩ˾շĹٷ΢ݣһȣˣоԺ͵ŵùɡ
˼״һ߷߲ƽ
覱Ƚֱӣ(ƨp)ķɱоԺǼĻ츳ܣȫ
½üԼоͲ׼ооͷɱҲ̫Եˡ
歷̵˭˼ǻ׽ͷϴ󣬿Բķɱ
ҲΪƽ̫ˣΪͷϴӦø()ıȫСǼ
ֱܹ˵ĻŲµоԺ
½¶ȽģΪΨһŮ½ս˧ƽͷǳ(i)˵ĻҲ»ȥ𱸡
˾ûнһЩͥصνԼȥ˱һ٣Ӿͺá
ô֧϶ܵҸ߲˹öõүӸı
ȴغ꣬˱ֱӳζѡվߡ
СǷ׷ױʾԼĹֺ֧(ͦͦ)ůůġ
ЦŶԼ˵оԺĳЩͷ̫̫ǣ()խԼоͺ±оЩϲQɵ((Ʊ))ǲᡣ


1618.1618 ̫


1618 ̫
ֱͷ΢΢һЦ
ǲмΪ飬ҸмںЩɨ䡢ݲ֮ϼһΪء
ɱͷɱɣȻҿʱȥҽѧ硢ҩ硢ʳ硢ֽ硢ռ磬ҾͲǸаˣ
˾ϲսѶȣһҪ»׽硣ž㱻ɱˣڻҵͷҪӦǣϲǼңȴ޿κεӡ
ǲţǾưɣ
ֱͷȫ()¶ŷĹʣǱɱӣǵýһ緢
Ȼһ㶼ûноԺķɱϣϲӭѶϣ
⻰һȫˣ
֮ǰֻ˵Υ(jn)оԺԣ׵ǹȻа塣
⻹ǵһ˸ֱоԺĴʦ̶Է()խ
رǾϲϵɵ((Ʊ))ȫǺ޼ɵĻػ֮ǰоԺ˵ǻȡСмΪĻ
ܶ˶žˣ̫ˣ
ķ˿򼤶
Ĵʦ̫˧ľУ
̫˧ˣ̫ˣĴʦ
þȺ̣Ĵʦôը졣
ǷɱɣĴʦҪӦǣ
Ĵʦ䣬ϲǼңȴû취ӣ(i)
ǣĴʦ㲻׽磬ȥҽѧ硢ֽȦӣܻ÷ˮ𡣿ĴʦҪڻ׽ǷɱǵģҪԽӦǣ̫ϲĴʦôģˣ
ĴʦǲȥȦӣǻְ֣ţ((Ʊ))㣬ʲôǸɣ
Ĵʦ䣬(i)Ӵ
֮ǰֻǾĴʦô˷ˣ
ӦоԺķɱֻûеۣд̲סʼ
оԺȻλܸߣΪףṩĹ˾ˣ׼ܷоԺĴʦǶưһ߸ϵģʮֵĲӵܶ˲ϲ
رڣ⿴˽߸վ̳оԺˮϷҪƱѵã
ôһƣŰаоԺˣ˶Īľúˬ
ֱЩ۵ˣûƵѪЩ˾Ȼ֧ôſ£в
ò˵ＵĽ޵
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~()ڿ~~


1619.1619 Ҫ˺


1619 Ҫ˺
껰ռһ֮󣬼˸·
·˱޵Ĺı޻(ɧɧ)ΪͬҪ㡣
رÿζҪܵı޹ʮһı͵ϮҪץߣʯ˱ǳ
˵Ļ׶ˣŻˡ
ҪսžӢƷʮһӶ˽ָҲᱻץߡ
˶ˣʵȻҲ⡣
Ϣʱ򣬼˿ȥЩǱ
ɫ԰ף;ķѵʯ̲סˡ
㣬û°ɣ
ɫ̫ÿȴһЦݣָ˵ʯû£ָһӦþûˣ½ҹϮ޷ָҪ۵ǡ
ôۣǻᱣġ֡
˼һתһӦĿǿڵĴʦǼ֮ǰͱ޶սĵǲǸҩǻָ£
Щ޲֪Ϊʲô칥ܶ඼ȥǱ˲սˣʱջ
ҺǺûǷǣԼҪҩԼЩһҲ̫ˡ
ʯɫ˳ǹǣ˲ǣ
Ƴһۣ׳գ
һоԽԽûˣѹ()ʯӰۼԡ
ʯû뵽˵˭أ
˵ǰ׳գٸظһ飿
˾Ҹо̫ˣ浱Լǵʯء
㣡ʯһҭ
ʲô㣬˵ǰ׳գǰ׳գƷɫҲãһʲô⣬ҲҪֶŮĶ
ҿ㲻ֻ׳գԲУ
ʯˣָָƷڣǲʲôɸ˵ĹϵҾֻ˵һ䣬ôά
ԽԽ
ƷڶرͿأǶԴαһǶԴС(qng)ˡ
ܣôĿζˣϲϲˣڼǺ֮ǰƷ˦ӵ(qng)ǽⷢӡ
ô˵ڳ˵ɫ˱䡣
һۣﶼͬʱһ뷨鷳ˣ
ƷںǴţɲgay˵ǣʯô˵׵Ҫ˺ˡ
ҪǣһԲˣȻȥ
˵ǶˣսŽʿ͹ڵĿˮǶܽһˡ
˲Ծ㳯˼ʯ˵롣


1620.1620 ϵ


1620 ϵ
Ȼʯ⻰һڳĺܶ˶ˡ
һĵʯĹ(ƨp)˵˵Щʲô
һȻеŮôԡ
ҳԣɲ˵ʯҪԼоֹ𡣡޳˵
歵˵ԣ˵׳Ҳû
½ߣߣӣҿǷᣡ
Ѱû˵ֿһŴϿϷ
һӹȻ⣬ȻŰİɣ
ʯż˷Ӧô󣬷˿ŹϵͲһ㣬˵ʵѣѵдǲҪæڸǰˡ
Ʒڵɫ䣬ߵ()߿ʯ˵ҺĹϵȷʵһ㣡
ʯû뵽ƷھȻôͳˣ֤˵ûһС(qng)ˣѹôά
û˵˾вɸ˵Ĺϵ(ͦͦ)()˵
ڳһʯƷ(qng)˹ϵҲǲ˰ɣ
ϾδŮδޣֲƷѾȢӣС
ȴ̫ţƷڵС(qng)ˡ
ƷһʯҪܹ뿪Ҫȥʯңô̶ӵġ
Һϵǲ򵥣ҵֶŮʲô𣿡빫Ĺϵˣʯһˡ
ȻһĲ˻Ҫúһġ
ʵЩ벻ͨΪʲôʯôһˣôûӵĶ
ʲôֶŮʯЦģܣǵɵ𣿡
ƣģⶼֶܳŮϣҲƼ֣ݣЦ
üΪʲôľͲƼҵˣѵҲܸĸգ
ȻʯˣǾ͹ϵɡ
ô˵ڳ˶㶡
ž뵽ƷڵĴƷ¡
ѵµŮ
ڳϢȽˣһ¾ˣ֮ǰƼҹƷӱ˻
ʱֻƾȴûйԭһŮ
Ʒڿ֤ʵǵĲ²⣬ҴƷŮ֮ǰΪ͵Ұֺʹûй
ֻ˵ģ˭֪ǲģʯ˵
һֲ̫õԤУҪƷŮλİԵ()ȥ֮Ҫʰ
ǵģƷڣǶƷȴЩη塣


1621.1621 ְְǲ


1621 ְְǲ
һȻǰ׳յʯ
(i)ŲţʲôϵûҪ֤ʲô
Ʒ˵壬һ⣬ǵ̣
оʯʯ̫˵㣬ȫƥ䲻ϵһ˾̳˵()ݡ
Ʒԭŵ¶˿Ц⣬˵öԣ˵ˣȫǵ̣
Ҫβμǹ˾ֱĿҶٹʯһȻᣬת()ߣͼսžӢӳ(qng)ȥˡ
Ʒں˵ôʯһɻ()ڷ
ȻȥæǰţˣŪ̫ѿˡ
ӦþֶܵŮȥˣ˵
ƷڲƼҵϵõ(qng)˵ر漰Ʒ
ֻҲû뵽ȻƷŮ()ҲҰˣ˼ˡ
Ҫڻʯһ飬
㶼Ѿ˲Ȱ˵ʯˣȫû뵽Ƽҵĺӡ
ԭ()Ҫʤһô˵̼ҳϵС㡣
һǵС壬˭תۼͳ˶ŵĹŮķתܲζһּޡ
ôΪʲô֮ŮɲģȴܴҰ()ݱɷأ
ڳ˶()ݶ𾪲ѣ˭û뵽ġ
ڿֱĹҲһǸû뵽ƷھȻ塣
⵽ļٵģĴʦȻƼҵС㣿
ҵ죡û뵽Ĵʦ()ԭô߹󡣡
ôҲҪ֤ʵ֮ſŰɡ
˸շۣһλѴ
ƴǲˣĴʦȻŮ
һƷոոǲĽͼ
ǲϷһƬƷƾ诺վһȫҸ
Ƭһ֣ȫҸҵŮ诺
һǲֱֻĹǷˣûпֱҲˡ
رǵĸͼ壬û뵽ȻƷŮ
ֻһƷָ˵ڶ΢
һҩ˾³Ʒʯͷ̫ˣҲת˽ӵһ˾³ʯ
ôӵǲʯңҲֻŰƷó


1622.1622 ׵ĺ䶯


1622 ׵ĺ䶯
Ʒôһ((co)co)Ǻ߲ܶ㡣
Ҳ˲䷴Ӧ˹Ϊʲô֮ǰһҩ˾ҪǲоԺֹ
ƷŮоԺҷɱŮ˵ЩĻ()ӣܹưոݲŹˣ
ƷְǲϱʾҪʯ³ӣǵһҩ˾Ҫ͵һ˾սˣкϷˡ
ƷŮǾǷǳӵģȻɳ(qng)
һ¾ΪŮҲֻƷôŰ
Ҷſʯһô
ϧôҶû뵽ʧƷǲôţʯȻûκλӦûǲκεĻظ
ѵĬƷ˵
ҲֱʯĶеûӡ
˼ҪaָҩɣͳƷڵĹϵǵĵͣһ
ʯָͰҪϻȥһ٣ӦҲǳ·磬Ĭ
½Ҳڵһʱ䷢ǲƬ֣ȫҸҵĴӺŮƾ诺
ŻǲȦ˾ͻ軹̳й˾أ
޽ǲ׵ĺ䶯
ϿֱĹҲƷĵڶǲµǲͼ
ƴȻҵ񣡡
ԭŮŮð
ԭҵŮһŮŮð
֮ǰΪʲôһҩ˾ҪоԺʽ⿪ˣֻΪƴΪŮء
ƴ󣬷ǲǸɣ
ƴó(i)ĴʦŮ(i)
ŮҲó(i)ĴʦĸŮ(i)
֮ǰĴʦԻöȦӣڻ֣Ĵʦʵ㲻Ȧӣ˼һؼһԼ̳мҵأ
Ĵʦţֻ()ô()ݱȻҲôը죡
ĴʦŮɣ̫ţˣ
ǸʯҲǹģñĴʦ
֮ǰĴʦʯ׳գһ((Ʊ))ˣúð(i)֪ƴŮˣ丸Ůô
໣ĴʦԭƴŮŮüҼ(())
()ݣǽܺá
û취ʵ֮ǰı̫ˣܶ˶()ݲ򵥣֤ʵ֮󣬾һֹȻ˵ĸо
ϵҲ˽ͼǵۣͬ¶һȻ˵ı(qng)
Ʒ˭Ƕеľ콾źĴ
ôܿŮ˵ʯҪˣǹ֪ͬ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1623.1623 ΪʲôҪȥ


1623 ΪʲôҪȥ
ʯͬǲͼһ˿Ҳʧˡ
ǰ˵ƷֶΣʱڲѣղΪʲôҪӷ(r)ȥ
ʵԼЩ벻ͨԼ()ȷʵЩ嶯꣬ûֵز
ԼҲƿָҩô;Ӧĸøǣ
ʱΪʵһ˲ָǣ벻ͨΪʲôĪƲסԼҪȥ鷳أ
ˣΪ㰡
ʯôĸԴ()ϡ
Ҫ϶Ϥİοˣȴûа㷴Ӧ
̧ͷվڲԶһί¶ģԭֲ˼һ¾׿ˡ
ˣȻѾˣҲˡ
İְǵһҩ˾Ķ³Ҳǵһ˾Ķ³()ֲһء
ֻһԼǸĸףûˣ
ʯ˦˦ͷˣϸԼûҪ£Ӧûô(qng)
Ұοһʯߵ()ߣϺжŹĵʣ㣬û°ɣ
ʯ()(qng)Ƚϱ꣬ǰȴģʲôš
üʿҲżʣֻãΪϲҲ׳(())
ȻҲĻʹߣǸ࣬ݳ(i)Ϊӷ(r)嶯¡
֮ǰˣܴܿʯԻѹ
ʯͲһܻΪ㿪ѣȻ(())
Ȧҡҡͷʯû£
ܲ˵Ǽʯ̫ûˡ
ڲû²̨ȫ˵ǰع()ݣöԷһ¥
ĺˣԼϰʾʯȥӰʯ(qng)ŵô嶯ȥҪҩ
ʯٳ嶯Ҳôԡ
ҸоΣգʯúϢû֮ǰ(qng)һοʯֻǵжģֻԼ֪
ڻҪʯ˻ԼЩʯҲԲ¶Ͼ()ݰ
ʯʱůůģãģһᱣģ
Ц΢΢˽㽫ԼþͲˣĻʹʯʵġ
ţʯ磬ҾȻϢˣӦʯˡ
ʯЦŵͷãȥɣ


1624.1624 


1624 
ʯ˵šůġలοĻһ߸վڲԶԹۡ
ʯǲǳԴҩˣҸоԽԽ嶯ˡ˵
ǰʯ()Ҳ嶯ȴĻӣĪͷԷ(r)ȥҲ硣
ǸɵӶףҩ(i)˭͸˭ƾʲôֱ׳ȥҪ
ȥƷڵĹϵ¶ǿı()ݣȻƷǲҪԼ
ʼ磬֪Ҳӻˣ
ԺҲһ־ɣᱻġһ䡣
ͬҲôġ
Ҫ˳ȥƷԻݺʰʯģҪǹϵ̫λԵ()ӣ˵һʰ˶ʯԶ㡣
οƷںΪʯ˲㡣
ʱǰ˵ЩǶǱԹĻҲˡ
ԭĽǣʼѣҲĶ(qng)⵭˲٣()ϵ½
½˶ĸ(qng)½()ѭ
Լֻò̫ʯȴʼˡ
()ϵ˹⻷ԽԽ
֮ǰյ()ϵ˹⻷΢һ㣬ʯ֪ǹɵġ
Ҳٵ£ʱûôϡ
»ܵĹ̫ˣֱձ˵Ŀ죬ϲߡ
ԽԽʧܣ֮ʹߵ뿪䵭ԽԽ࣬˹⻷֮һ࣬ȴΪ˱ܿ˴ѣ־˲ˣʹ˸
һָ˵ĳ嶯
ҪǣͻȻĪһ˵ԤУһֻΣԤС
ǵĻһֶҪĶֻҪܵõ˵ͻʶʯͷûΪʵһ졣
ȴͬʱһޱļµΣոУܾԼǱʲôǿĶһ
()ع֮ûưƽһĴ¡
ҲôҶӡá
ȻǶųĵϵôã()ʵҲôǿ
ʯ˽λִƷλģֻˣҲһء
СţĽϢ


1625.1625 ûֻи


1625 û()ֻи()
һҹʱ䣬ûϹ()ݵ(r)Ƚֻ(r)ѣĸ㡣
оԺ߿Ʒ﷢ǲҲ֪Ϊʲôһҩ˾Ҫֹǵĺˡ
߲һߣƷô̫ˣͲѵ˵һҩ˾⣬ǾҲҩ˾ˣ
׼ҵڶҩ˾ʱƷַųһը
һҩ˾ֹ˾ߣһо
һŻҵa׵֬ϣЧԭвϸãһȽҪŵ㣬Ǿ࣡
ܿ컹ŷϹ֬оݺͳɹըø׹˾ԼоԺˡ
²϶˵̫Ҫˡ
رоԺߣΪʲô޷aףǼϣǲϸϡ
Ҫǰյһҩ˾ֹ˾ṩݣЩ֬ϵȫܣa
ٸ߲㶼סˣ׷ٴϵƷϧ绰ֱӹˡ
ܿ죬Ʒǲٴθ£ɹһݻǲȨתƹ֤֮ǰͽһŻתƵŮ¡
ô𾪵ǣŻǽһҩ˾ֹ˾оɹ֬ϵĵط
Ҳţӵһa֬ϵĻǣֵȫ޷ش
Ʒɹ깫֤⣬ַһǲ
һҩ˾³ƷŮŻǾȥ棬ǰѻЩ֬ϵֲȫ˵Ҳν˾ͺá˭㲻ʹ죬Ǿ˭ʹ죬ְԶĺܣ
ǲоԺģǲϡa׵ĲӵŮǿ˵Ҳǣô()ôΣ
ǲһǵĶż߲㣬ٴˢ˶ƷԵΪӡû()ֻи()
һǸӣ˭˭ùרųʹȣܹܵ
֮ǰк߲ܶõһҩ˾оԺԿҲҩ˾
׵תˣоԺβ֪ҪΪɱʧ٣ԿķоԺŶԡ
ҲֻоԺżսźͶҲżǶǼa׵ġ
ԭлȴһɱˣһ̲סоԺЩʦɵ((Ʊ))


1626.1626 ɵ


1626 ɵ
׹˾ĸ߲ϸĵķ֣Ʒɹתúͬ(r)ڣоԺһڲɱʱ
ҲǸʱʼƷѾ׼ҪоԺˡ
Ǿ˵Ʒţɶʱ͵ţܴûаյ̣(qng)ŵġ
оԺĸ߲ʹʦҪˣʲô⿳ŵ涼û£¡
̲סϵƷɽһ˼ҾǲӣĶ˻ֱӱ
ߵĸ߲û취ֻҵүǱߡ
ƷƷֵŰԵֻΪ()ĸ()
ΪŴһүӵĻ
оԺĸ߲ҵүû˵ͳɹүһ٣ɱŮ˼ͣΰɣ
ӽǲүӲˡ
ʲôаԶĺܣүүǳԸɷ
̫̫²һᣬ()ȥסԺӡ
ȴԺүӾӵҲһǲ
ƼҼ˭Ůʹ죬Ҿ˭ʹ죡ԺƼҾܾΪɱ۸ŮĻˣssҩsҩҲ̸
үַ˵ڶǲ
ƼҼŮԺ˭۸㣬үү˵үү()()ƼҶļǿܣƼҿɲӣ
үӵǲһٴˣ
ү()()ƢºͣʱҲǸ
ҲˣƼһص㣬Ǿǻ̡
۸Ƽҵˣɶ˵һ֡ɡ
ο۸Ķ󣬻үӵŮƷ׹Ů׵Ҫ
оԺĸ߲Ǵʱɵˣû뵽ү˿Ʒ͵
ͻȻһ⣬֮ǰԺȥƼssҩȴܾˡ
ʱòƸպǵһηɱʱ
鲢ɱļ߲̲סоԺӦҪǨŭġ
Ҳǵĸ߲ٴαѣƼҿɻһλܹƣӳҩssҩʦ
˭̵ģȥƼλ
֮ǰܹоԺ߲ȴòŵͷĸ߲ǣһ̲סֻ
ǾͿоԺôճǵƼЩԵ̵ֻķͷϣеܵģ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1627.1627 ڿôճ


1627 ڿôճ
үӵǲ𶯣ϵ(r)ٴ
ưְֺүү̫ˣһ־Ǹɣ
ܹaײϵ֬ưְֹⱬĴʦ棬оôĳЩҲ()
()ĺãԽԽϲưְˣ
үүҲ()ǲ۸ŮҩҲţ˭ۼssҩʦǲǣôΣ
ҲϲүүƼҸо(i)
ҾĳĴʦǣǽǻȦȦԭΪɱһСɫ˭ȴߵ˸ְ壡
Ҳǻã˭Ūһ߸ϣܹױ˵ӡ
ǰɱĴʦǶ뿪ȦӻЭǾû뵽ĴʦôԼţ((Ʊ))ţ((Ʊ))ˣڿôճ
εĹԽԽ󣬿ô(r)Ѫڣ
ƼҽǲΪоԺȴûлӦػӦԴʩһŪãҪʧش
ߣҶֱǵǲͼۡ
һɵ
ĸʵѾܿˣôǿıôǿưԵĳǾ͸ˡ
ˣоҪߡ
ٴλ˹⻷Ҳ
ҲˣʯһѾ֪ܵͬ(qng)Ŀ⣬ҪˣЩ˻ûꣿ
һʯ⣬Ҳ٣ٴα
·ٴܸ߽ױ͵ϮԥʯӰ෽޹ʱ˫ʻĻ˳ȥ
ֻʮһıͻϮ㣬Ҳ˱Ƴȥףֻ߼ıΣҲܲסǹˡ
һֻӵлϵĻ󣬺󱳻ֻ޻һƬ۵ιȥ
ҲƷʮһӶǷӦȥԮСҪ档
Ƚ߼ɱˣҲҽƾȻŶӴӻ˳
ǱĲĪһΪ֮ǰۿ㽫ĻƳȥġ
ҲһѺܶ࣬ԭʯԻһ½Ѵ
ܹѣ()Ϊܺߵ͸ˡ
()һôϴĻʹУͷϺȫ۳һſŵĺˮȴһƬ


1628.1628 ǲ


1628 ǲ
Ȼ˵ûӦɶȴֱӶԨ
ҪƷ˾ԮʱҪΪˣͺ£
Ҳ˳ѹʯӰ죬(qng)⾡ʧ
ͻȻһ飬ǰЩ(qng)˲úԲУоҲͱʯõ㡣
㵽ĵôϲģͻȻ벻ˣʱһĪĿ¸С
أǱ˸أҪæƣȴֱӾܾˡ
ֻҪӰ쵽壬ǲġ
֮Ա˺͸߼޻صϮҲеϵ
ڸ߽ױ͵ϮʱѾˣʱҴ˴ӣӰ˱޼ӴĹ
ҲֻŻһģʯĿƣٴ()ϵˣͬʱʯ
ǸȽϴǵˣΪõ³ضҲһЩͬ()˺ʯá
Ȼ˳ҲΪ観
ܾΪƣ˶֪ӦΪ覣ĺã
֪ԭˣҲû˵
ķ˿Ů()ְݵġ
ȻܾΪƣ˵˿϶⡣
ĴʦˣֲǷ˭ģξΣǾ;ܾ(qng)
ܾܻᱧԹ£ȴˡ
û취ڵɲǰ()ݣǲ
ҽԱߵ̧ȥĸԽԽ
ʯοʱȴȥǱߣһ̣ɫЩʣǡ
֪˵ʲô˼ЦЦǸ翴ˡ
ҲõԼ**żĿ򸵺ʣҲ֪ǰϲʲôΪʲôôִţϲʲô
ò෽棬()߱ƯŮ˶ǡ
()棬(ͦͦ)ٵģֻǵǶϹһ
͸ûʲôˣһҪǿ㡣
ԣ֮ǰϲʲôȥûס
ô㶣漴Ҳϸ롣
òҲ֪ԼΪʲôôִŵϲ㣬Ϊʹһ𹲴
֪һȦǰ(ͦͦ)Գģ


1629.1629 ȫը


1629 ȫը
ͬ˵껰Ӹ
ͬĵͷȷʵ˳ˣ
˿Զˣζ˵ҺҲ˳ʯһ˺ú(i)ȥɡ
ٴʣûоúаţܾ֮ǰִϲĺĪ
ĬƬ̵УҲԶ㡣
ɣǲԳˣƽ˵߿ˡ
վһᣬͷˣ̧ȥ˾Ȼ
ڲԶʯ˵㣬()ϵ˹⻷˲˲١
ͻϮ󣬴һСʱż·
һֹȥ죬()ݵ(r)ȽĿʼˣɽһһֽ(r)˻
ڶ˾ʼüٰһƻᡣ
ָֻòޣһ볡
μӾƻĸ߲һʼ̲ס²⣬ѲüòָС()
ɾƻſʼüһϢλ֣ؽܸңΨһ״ӷ壬ҲĴߡ
Ϣһ¾ͺ䶯ǡ
ʵôȥˣüδչͽܣǵһ
ܿ죬Ҷַֺ죬ŷӦⲻֱĴʦʹǰܹ
˭û뵽徹ҴʦۣΪ״ӡ
ܿһڳ˷һ()ݣĿǰȽϺսӶӳ
սרŴǵų¶ʮ֣ȴһζûʧܡ
һǵɳӢӶսӽнɱʧˣ֧顣
ʻսĲţƵҲϣڻ׼ʻϵ((co)co)úܶ̾ΪֹĹ񫣡
սŵжϣսӵƲɵʮֵѸٺǿ
ܹսųϣǶսʵϿɣҲսӳ׳ڴ
Ҳ˷սӶӳ()ع󣬸˶̲ס̾һ㣡
ھƻϣüԴ͸¶һĽӰˡ
ڸ˵˵Ҳһը
Ҫ֪üûԼĺӣڵʱҼҲַˣڶ˾ȫԼҡ
ЩȻҼҵãڵڶ˾ְģȴ˭ûеõüϿɡ
ΪӦûҼҵĵѡһӰˣ˭û뵽ôһ֮ʡ
üĽӰˣǺܶ˶Եڶ˾ĺͲ͵øı䷽ˡ
رҼңȫըˣ


1630.1630 


1630 
һը()źüֽŶ˵ڶը
ڶ˾ֹоԺĺ
ܹμӾƻģȫϲȦӵĸ߲㡣
Ҷû뵽üȻ־
Ҷܹðһ䣬ڶ˾ΪҪֹоԺĺһ߲ʵ벻ͨ
оԺ˭˭ˣôд˾Ҫȡ
üһϮβȹ޵òɷžƱ˻Σ촽֪ΪʲôͻȻָʱò()𣿡
Щ£ֹʲôϵ
ͻȻһһֱڹۿֱĸ߲̽ʣܵòҽָİɣ
üЦһ(ͦͦ)ģһ¾У
֮ǰܷزŵѸ˥ϣҽΪκƣΪһֵҩһָҺܸл
Żһתָָ()վŵķ˵ҵ״ӷ壬δء
оԺɱڮҽԭȻҪվҽһˣ
Ųҵóһ㣬շΪ״ʱΪĶ츳Ҿޣ()ϲʱҲ֪ҽδ򣬺֪һԵ֣
ʵɲᣬΪ˱շΪ״ӵġ
ֹоԺĺҲΪ(ͦͦ)ͷˡ
Ƽҵ˻̣üҲһƷ()Ҳϲ()
Ϣ˶𶯣ҲоԺ᲻Ǩŭߵڶ˾
һ汻Ϣըˣ
ЦŵĿ˿ڵδ۸͵۸ңоԺҪΪԼ޴Ϊ۵ģ
ڳĲٸ߲ʱѾ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣֻΪоԺ
һɱȻǳôȻƴǽš
ǲòϣ֮ǰ˭û뵽ô
׿ɫĸ⣬ⱳҲԽԽǿˡ
ڶ˾³ĽӰˡսӵĶӳ壬ȻδǴȫû뵽ġ
׵Ϲ۾ڳȻоԺҲĿغϲ˳һѹ
()ǶȥıϵˣŮ()עüָòҲ̫˼ˣ
Ҳֻҽɣѵֻҽջ()񼼣
һʱ䣬ٴα(r)ͷѣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~ллҵĹģҸǩǰؼҹˣ׼ģд¸ģд㽨ģ~~~


1631.1631 ܲܳɹ


1631 ܲܳɹ
(qng)ֱȫѽͼȥкܶ˲ͣۡ
Ϊԭٴα(r)ͷϵҲ֪ͷĹϵ
½֮ǰΪǵ()أû뵽Ȼиδ򣬿ȥô㡣
δܹʦһء
ҲЦŵǰδû˧ǿȥܰ䣡
ʵòǶģδ峤Ҳͬһϱ()Ƚʵȥһԡ
ǱȽϲ˿ҷģЦӯӯ˵ţ(ͦͦ)ġ
ллǵĿ佱ҲǺܰ䣡ǫ顣
ʱڳ˶̲ס̾ţֻƼңôǿͷδѹָûнʯͲҪ
ʱҼ·Ϣʱͺͻ˹һоϡ
򲻸ˣԱΪϳɡ
һЩݣϻ˹ϴʦİѰоʱҲ˲ٵϢ
һϳɳͿʼס
ŻǰѾҪܻ뼾ƺãڿռˡ
ʱֱֻһЩͷûнʵʵ((co)co)¶
ܻʱҲͬ
˴Ҽһ涼ĵȴۿֱĹҲһļš
ʵǺ֪ܲɹ
ʧˣǴ֮ǰȻоԺа壬Դճ
ɹˣľͱоԺ
βֱֻĹںͻϵ˹עǵл׹˾߲ͺܶĸ߲㶼ڹע
оԺǱҲһͬڹۿֱֻϣʧܣҲ÷Ƽң壬ԿƼҶϵķ
ʱȫ()ĵͶ룬ûйô
ѰΪ֣׵װʱĻ¡
ܿ죬޵ĻȫںϽ뵽˻ȴʧˡ
û٣ʧԭٴγԡ
ڶʧˡ
Ѱ״ҪȻʹ˱ںϳɵĲϣɵٴ޻ܿһӣͻų⣬ɹĿ()治󡣡
Ԥ֮УȴɵЩʧ


1632.1632 е


1632 е
ûнĻϣűʲֽͣ¼㣬Ҳϵš
֮ǰûָһξܳɹ
ԼһСʱ¼Ľһ顣
̧ͷЦѰѵû˵ʧǳɹ֮ĸѾҵΪʲôųԭˡ
Ѱüҵԭܽ𣿡
Ȼˣ
óһЩ֮ǰæײϣ֮ǰںϵĲȻͬ()ȴΪûк͵ں˲ͬԪأŻᵼų޷ӳɹ
Ҫк͵߼ĥתӦþͿԳɹˡ
Ѱеԭȷֲϵкͣ
ǳɹģԼȫ()ɢŵĹ˵
֮ǰʧΣԺҲʧܵģ֮ԻᶯȥҲΪ˷ѰʧܵԭĽ
ѰģԭҪĻȥһ(r)˵УҾԣ
Ц˼֣ãɣ
ٴͶ뵽УѾҹ
ȴ˼һֱɵЩʧ
֮ǰڵһ׹˾Ǽ׵ʱûڳֻڵһ롣
Ҫǣ֮ǰαըרҵĻʦ֪ʧɵġ
ǲζţʧˣ
ȻĽȽɴȴʧ
оԺĸ߲״һ˲Ǿ˵ôܳɹôʱûгʧΣѵξͿܳɹЦ
֮ǰоԺϱǵĸ߲ҲѧˣˮȻʼųʧΣϢۡ
ܿЩˮͽʧܵϢ(r)Ȼ(r)ѡ
֮ǰĴʦôֱ׳ĳ˵ɹоԺϽа壬ƼҡڶսźͷʦҲˮû뵽ڻֽ
еվоԺ
Щνķ۲˵ûɵ(qng)ʵǰǵĴʦҲţ((Ʊ))һ죡
ʧˣƼҵҲᱻҪоԺԣαأ
Ҵڸ£˭˼ƼҵŮ첻µز£гȡ֣
λĴʦԻоһ㶼Ͻܻףɲǿ˵˵ģѹҪоԺ


1633.1633 ͵ֵز


1633 ͵ֵز
Щۣķ˿Ȼˡ
ĴʦڼأǾ֪ʧˣôôأ
ΪԼҲĴʦռ
ǰҪĴʦǻ˵㣡
Щӹ֣Ĵʦ϶ܳɹġ
ȻѾʧΣûдķ˿һš
Ǿþʧˣ֮Ҳܻɹġ
ܿ巢ǲҼģһܻףЩɵܿͻᱻģΪ㽾
ҲţʧܻδҲܳɹ˳Щ˵Ĳеˡ
ƷƼҵҲ׷׷Ƶǲ
ƷڵڻǵҲʾ
ͬһʱ䣬оԺҲдʦǲ˼עҪʧܣҪˡ
вٻ׹˾Ҳ׷վߣһҪˡ
ϳһƬѰȫ()ĵٴγںϡ
ոԭһֱյ򿪣Ѱ˳
Ʒڵһֱ⣬߳()ӭȥ
Ʒڹĵʣ˰ɣ˸׼Եġ
ˣһʱĵĻ()ɹΡ
º͵Ц˵ǲҲۣ
ƷЦʣоˣ
óһ˻Σɹˣ
Ž׸Ѿ߽覣ϲϲ
ֽ̧ץסоΣҾ֪϶ɹģĻ׾Բҿ϶ϲ
ҪԣЦ
覵ͷã
Ļ˳
һɫʸкǿĻףȥһֿҰ֮С
һ۾ϲۣͽ˻
ָƺͺĤ֤ɹ󣬺ܿ׵ʾ𣬻˿̨((co)co)̡
֮ǰʻһЩͬĵطϸ
((co)co)̺͵Ĺܽ˽ȲĿʼ((co)co)
һ·˳ȥҷܻ׵ٶȱ׻졣
ʱɭ˼ֻʮһı޴ȺϮ
Ʒڵ˴סҲʻŻ׳һֻʮһıޡ
ڳ˼״е£ǲǷˣ
ڼʻĻף͵ֵز
һ½ľżߣȻȥսʮһޣ
أأ


1634.1634 Ĵ


1634 Ĵ
ֻôҶû뵽覼ʻŻ׳ȥ󣬾Ȼֿסʮһµצӹ
ϣʶһ㣬׵ķ覵׻Ҫߡ
Ҳ֤ܻ׾Ǳ޻ܻס
ܿ죬ҵĸֲ²ɻõ˴𰸡
ֻ覼ʻĻ׾ȻʼΣܿһֻ޵ģ֮ǰȥȡֻƣȥȴ˧ܶࡣ
ֻʮһٴ¿ʱͻȻӻðܶ׵볯űƮȥ
ֻ߽ױ˲оΣҪ˿ȴһ
ֻ׵()ըлԴڵ
أֻըĸ߽ױ޺ܿͷ˼Ȼصĵ˵ϣȻ˲ˡ
һĻڳ˾ˣ
ô棿Ǹоõ覻ͷų׵򣬱֮ǰֻʮһ׵()ǿ
Ҳ˲ͬȼʮһޡ
ʵҲû뵽ܻ׵ôǿȻܵȼžżȴsȫ((co)co)ػס
ֻͷ׵򹥻ƻ׵ľҲ˴룬ûټսȥ
ҲǻսʿΪʲôǿֵ֮ԭ򣬳((co)co)⣬()ҲǺܹؼġ
ܵȼߣ()ʵҲԽǿ
覼ʻ˸߽ױ޺ƷҲʮһߣļֻսŵľӢȺ
ôս֮ǰԽԽĬЧҲ˺ܶࡣ
ڴҵĹע㶼ǣΪʲôЩȺֹͻϮǷ覼ʻĻϡ
ɹˣĴʦĳɹˣҼţ((Ʊ))ĻףһսžӢ̲ס̾
ҲֱͬĹҲˣ̲ס׷׼
ǰû뵽ĳɹˣ׵׵ɲ֮ǰֻ߼޵ԭõϡ
ǿ覲Ÿսżߣȴܼʻ׸ɷһֻʮһıޣԽ׵̫ǿͿˣ
ҲֻôǿԽϵһзıܻס
Ҿ͵ܻף۴ٶȡǹϣǶǳa׵ġ
׵ģֻٶȡǿܱأ˵֮⻹ܣֻûʹ֮
֪ϺĴʦʧܣҪνˣ۲ۣ
ǻ˵ĴʦԴ⣬Ҳʣǵ۲ۣ
Ĵ
Ĵʦô죬ˬ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~Ȿ黹أԤôᳬֵģҲ̫~~һҪŷһʱ䣬ŻᣬҪ׼~~


1635.1635 ˭۲


1635 ˭۲
ڶԼ֤Լ覼ʻĻ׿֤ĳɹ
һĽѵĿںݹȥָҩ覡
ãֻҪֲ˵ʱȻѣҲ˵һƻ׵ˡ
Щԭڹ˶ˣû뵽ֻܻףɹ޻ףҲʹû׵ˮƽһΡ
ڼʻĻף˭۲
Ҳ֮ǰûҪƵҲĶˡ
ܿ죬Ļ׹˾ӭһ˽˶ƿ񳱣ֱʻսõĻ档
ЩȫǳµĶȴҽֻȫ˵ǼǣԼɸѡ
ϣҲӭĽĿ⣬(ͦͦ)(ͦͦ)()
ָҩЦʣôϲ𣿡
еЦŨϲ̫ϲˣΪ()ġ
ʵеڶ()׵ܣȻȥܸƥ׵()
ЦżǷҵܣֻӵ׵()ĸ߽ױ޻װɣ
ͷǰ֮ǰоջ׼ʻߵ()ѡ׵()ӵսȻƥ͸ǿ
ͬʱҲ()ܸʡܣȻ֮ǰĶս(qng)ľͲֻǴ룬ǽȫĿգ״̬
ԽսҲüʻ׵˷ӵó
覼ʻףԺᵽ㣬Ҳˣֻ׻()췢ӳЧѡ
˵꣬ҲΧ
һЦеĿʣĴʦڻܻ׶ҲҪһܻס
Ҳ룡
ڳľ󲿷˶ʾҪƵ˼ʣûпڵĶǳܲסƷãʯֺϵӵġ
Цŵһܻ׵ĶƵȴٻˣϾʱޣҪƵĻȥڵĻ׹˾µŶӡ
Ѿɹϳɳ˱޻ϣȥ֮ʱҲ̡
ϣоԺٴαһ⣬߲ǵĪûۡ
ȻǷǳִͲˬģȴòϣڻȷʵ츳
ҲΪˣǲŸ뽫ɱҡ˭ܾоԺǽ


1636.1636 취ճ


1636 취ճ
ֻڵѾ֮ǰûʲôʱС״ʦˡ
ֻļҵıзͺüսŵ֧֣ǾñȽϼ֡
ҪǣоԱ޻ΪϵĻףͬʱԭеɾ޴ĳ
Ͼ׵ĲʮϡѰȴȱޡ
оԺԺŭɫʣŪ˵ôɡ
ҪǼٵģŭĲʶ̧⣬ŭоԺȺѡ
ڳ׽Ƶ˶棬ƼҵȲ˵ܾҩ
ôŭҲûãȻѾˣҪ취ճ
Ҫԣи߲̽ʡ
֮ǰûвɱˣ˲һоϣоԺá
֮ǰɱ̵()ݻδعҲûкǹаŸǰܾ룬ѲڷӦ
ǰµž϶ЭָῴЦоԺɶ
ô죿װ֪ɣ
ҵһ취ʵֻҪҪٳǵĻ׽磬ҲͲٸıĿǰ׵״ҲͲٵǴ̨ˡ
ʲô˼ҪɱɣƷɲǸصģóһӣŭӣֵܼġ
ƼҵӦҲܿҪǰɱԺһ벻Ƽҹҩˣ
߲ܶǲͬģôһ֣ǾǺƼҽҲļǡ
ҵ֪Ҳɵȥɱȴһְ취޷ٺԣƼҵȵĻҲ()ϡ
߲㽫Լ˵һ飬ڳ˶˾׷˳˼
Ƭ̺ԺеŭɢȥһЩⲻʧΪһð취ҾͶƱɡ
ͬȱ̬
Ҳͬ
ͬ
ڳĸ߲׷ױ̬ƱԣƱȨʣµʮƱȫ޳ɡ
Ҳ鰸ͨˣԺĸ߲¾ͽˣ˳ӻǳԿչƻˡ
ȻĿɨɨˣ²(yn)й¶ȥ֪
Ц˵ãҽȥ׼
8~


1637.1637 һӲҪ


1637 һӲҪ
ϣ֪оԺڲѾͨҪ鰸˼ȥ
ƷƾҲִ(jn)Ƶһȱڣŷ˻ǡ
ЩȲȥϣƷʣ壬ڸô
ƷĿĿǰصҲǰȱϣȴʱ
ƾͬǸζ˵ǸղŴƵ(jn)ȱѾˣôӸϽܴŻϵ߳ȥ
岻ó(jn)ȴȽţãʹġ
ֻҪˣǾܺĻϣļҲõȣʹ˸Ӧǲʲô쳣
Ʒ˺(jn)ǰóԼƵֱ()ϺŴ˽
ҲӰø˴ųʹֱ豸ûнǲ׽ųȥҲø߽ױûзǵټѸٵĳڵķȥ
ȿҪӽʱͷٶȣ档
˸·һ¶˶ʶϰֵ
Һ硢Ѿˣڰи棬ǳŻȥõģְֻᱣǵġ
ʶֻʶǿΪʵͬǿ˲
ʶǿ󣬵ʵϻʶȻоǹʵĵ˵ͷ
ϰֺ͸硢ˣҲܸġ
ֹʱ䣬һڵִ˻Ļ
һ·ÿ춼ܱȺĸ͵ϮȻûɴҲڵòᡣ
ڿǰĻ˶¶ظɫ
˵Ψһ·ھʯ㶼ŵġ
ƷҲȽռǽ𣿡
ǰһ״ĺӣһСΧҪϵ͵ùӡ
ǰСĪļһ˵ļ
óűռһԣŽ΢΢üͷȲȥϢһҹȴҵ״ָ̬ٹӣ
ɫĿŻ˵ǻһӲҪ򣡡
Ʒһ㶣˼ǣϻи߼޵ǣ
ͷţοûô׽
óʮƿָҩƷڷʮһߣôҺúϢȻ߱ս״̬
пصģһﶼܽź;裬ںӱϢȴδ֪쵽


1638.1638 ⻹˻


1638 ⻹˻
һҹȽƽԭʱ͵ϮıȺûг֣ôҸоһַ()Ĳ
˳бֻ궯Сޡ
һҲ׷״ӸԵ˳
ϵ𣿡Ʒʡ
˵Աϡ
⻰ҶҪ̳һĸо
û˭ԣƷȥš
ȻҶûжθڣǾԱˣĴʦ˵ˣԱս
ϢһСʱſڵϻɡ
ȻֱʲôϵΣУȴûоţıϰء
ĻҶ˿Ҫ
˵ӲҪֻÿ˶˻ףȻ׷׳Żȥ
Сĺĸ߽ױޣʻŻǰڷϺʱѡ
Ҳһֱţڸֱӽ뱸ս״̬
˵ģһ˵Ļ׸շɵ֮һľʱð˲ٸ߽ױ޹ʮһľжʮֻʮµĸ
ڴҶӦԵľ飬Ķ෽ԮСʱɹĵ˻
Ҳ˴ˣҪտҽ֧ţü˶ȥˡ
ҸϿָϻԼóһŻָĵҩá
ֱȽϺóһЩָҩսԱȽϸһݶӵ˷һƿ
û취ֻĺ߳ȥ
ԭϢҽǼԱûв룬ǽʱ䶼ָˡ
Լֹ˰Сʱԭ۾ָ۾ǰڵˣ
ϲû֣ȥһСĵ()ۿɼ(qng)
ʲôˣҶķ׷˳Ŀڵķȥ¶֮ɫ
ֻʼϮǵֻʮޣǱߵĵ˳Ѿָòˡ
Ǵ㶵ĲĵһֻͬӴ󣬺ģƵıޡ
ֻ()ɢѹƿһ㶼ҶоǿһЩ
ҲǣôĻһðֻʮıޣ⻹˻
뿴˵Ψһ·ͻȻֻʮıޣǻ·
ֻܹӦʮޣ⻹ֻǾ޷նɱһֻܾס
ǵҲûռǿֵֻʮޣ˲û⡣
һʱѯʵĿ⿴ҲǽĹǡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1639.1639 Ϊʲôᱻϣ


1639 Ϊʲôᱻϣ
Ŵӵֻʮޣвûжپ֮ɫ
ľѾоˡ
ֻ߽ױޣһֻһֻ㡣
ʱ϶Щ߽ױ޶㣬ʮ**ǿʯ
Ϊʲôᶢأ
ͷ˿б겻ֵֻĸ߽ױ˫¶İɫСޣͷ()ϹɢħٵϢ
ȻС(qng)ƽϢ
۾ԭǴħٵ
ڳ˶Լڵֻ߼ǣǱԼУ
ڳһ㶣ǣ⣬˭ܹԸʮıޡ
ܿΪǽˡ
Ѱʣһһֻ
ѰüԸһֻˣһֲֻǶġ
ǿ󣬾ҲȽǿȻֻ߼޵Ŀꡣ
ϲ㣬ΪԷ֡
ʧЦΪҪ˳ȥȶԸǲС
ҪԸˣҸоиٵǡûкѰĵС
ֻ߽ױҪʯħٸȥʵ˵鷳
Ҳùץ߾ץ¡
Ѱ׼˵ֻʮ޾жˡ
һֻһֻȥ
Ҳڳ˶ʮֲ⣬߽ױ˵ʵǿܹ˺
ΪʲôʵǺǿأ
Ҳһ֣ΪʲôЩ޶
ʻŵĻʯı˶㣬״вɵ¶ֳĻҲ˺һΣ롣
һӭϳԼֻޣһ߶Ѱ˵ֳǣ
γһֻϴֻܵȥˡ
ʹµ˲Ѱ˦ˣԹۡ
ĿһۣŲ(qng)Ըһ()ֻ޵ǰУǾְɡ
Դӽʮܺ󣬻û㵥Ҳ
߽ױû뵽˵ҵǰһŭ֮ȫһצ˹ȥ
Ѱ߹һȣûٳףһӰʧǰ
һ޴ķͻȻֱֱ֣̼ĳֻµצնȥ


1640.1640 ˵õСأ


1640 ˵õСأ
أ
ֻ߼ûзΣҪջצȴһһʹצϴɵòҽһ
Ǿ޴ķоֱֱһֻצն£ڳȫĿɿڴˣ
˭û뵽ѰʵȻǿֵز
ƷҲͬȲѣܵѰͷŵϢʮߣ
ֻʮɢϢȽŨ˾ʮеǿߣҲն¸߽ױ޵צӡ
˳˳ǣ˵õСأôҪҪôǰ
ѹСƽôקɻ⣬˶(i)ԭ˼ôţ((Ʊ))
ھԵʵǰ֮ǰѰ˶ͻȻӦģǿߵ()ȷĴ򿪷ʽ
û뵽ʵôǿ˶շ
ѰʵôǿƲƲ죬һȻصĺ
צ£ʧԭأȻű޿ӳ˼ŷ׭
¡¡ŷըֻ˹ıȫ()ը˺ܶ˺ۡ
жǰѿռܽעռܺ󣬲ԷӦĻᣬϵն¡
أֻ߼ޣδüʩչͱĽնȫ()ѿ˺ܶ˿ڣѪӿҲҽг
һĻôִ¡
(qng)֮ǰҲʵ˼ֱ̫ˣ
ѰҲû뵽ĹƾȻôͣȻһʼǽ˱ȴԼʵ
Ҫ֪Ů˿ֻʮһߣԭܹԽս
ٴüϴôɱˣ
ʼ磬ʱҲŽʵûȹأɱˣ
ʵǸʱʮı޻öԷû취
Ѿȥô죬ÿ춼ûз󷨼̡Ϊĵҩɲǰõġ
ʮıޣϰָķ׭ӳָ׵׵һֻ
ǿ˭׵֣Ѱԭĵ̬ȣսŨ
ÿԼǿʱǻᱻŮ˾
ЦһɱǸץȥȡϳϲ𣿸Ҫ˷ѣ
ѰһҭòŮ˵ĺе޷粵ˣУǾͱһ˭Ȼץ
ãҲŨŨս⣬Ҳ߽ױȹʵĥԼ
ˣ11~~


1641.1641 Σ


1641 Σ
ֻҲŭˣǻǵһܵ˵ƣܲ˵ʹ˲Ϻ
ѰԼܣҲϵķ
ԼʮӺԸֻ߽ױȫ()ˣҲܣԭĿռܽóɫٴһ¡
ɫĽڱ()ϣûи̫˺ȴûһɫԭء
ҲΪЩɫͻȻ˺ܶ٣ֻҪѵĸ߽ױס
ֻȻ͵첻ͣ˻
ûÿռܴ͵ǰȻ˼ŵҩſ
ӦǵҩѾ˳ʺ˶ӡ
ֻƬ̣ԭҵĸ߽ױ޽û̯ڵϡ
ѰǱȴûнץ
ʵǶԷҲʮĸ߼ޣʵնɱףǻץͱȽϼˡ
ѰѾ㶨ΪεĿڵֻҲˣ
оһĪļ£Ҳ˷
ûе飬ʹͬķһֻ߽ױס˼ǵʹ̱ͬڵϡ
սһѰһŻָĵҩԼҲһŷ£ˣ
Ѱסҩԥӵ˿ȵҩȫ()¡
ʵⵤҩĻָЧȻȻָҩãҩЧ
ôֻֽʮĸ߽ױޣڳ˺Ϳֱ˶˾
Ҳ̫ǿˣʵÿ죬ѰصҲ
Ѱµҩ֮ǰĵѸٻָţļ¸ȴԽԽŨҡ
üûиоף
ʱҲֱļ¸УֱʲôϵĸоŨ
ͷУΣŸҪ٣
⻰ڳԭҪΪսʤʮ߽ױ޻ɫˡ
׼ʶͷųȥ̽һ飬ʶͳֵ
콫ȫУʹ÷֣
ûԥ˿쵽ϣ
ڳ˶ߣȻ֪ΪʲôôǳڶΣһԥĳ˹
ֻʯĲһЩʵﱾܶʵųġ
֮ǰԭΪ˶ܸ߽ױľͱԶʱܹȥˣǻʣһ׶ľ롣
ţͻȻһ˲ֻһɫβʹӵץȥ


1642.1642 Ҫˣ


1642 Ҫˣ
ĻǹӴֹʱ޷ٶ˸оסһ
̲סһʯ磡
()ϵʯҲҲ
ʯԭ(i)㣬ʯӰ죬Ҳͳ߳
ȻײĻףԼðβ
˾ͼʯ׾ʼΣȻһŷβͳѾ󷨹ǰ
ڳʮһ߲ɵʧޣ
ʲôޣҶݺݵһ
㱻ʯôһײѸٵ˻׵ļ٣˳嵽˹
һ֣ŵû£ʱȥΣҪˡ
̲סʣ㲻˵˻Ͱȫ𣿿ΪʲôޣǴġ
ҪǴôܻޣ֮ǰ̵(qng)ȫ
ѾôһദԼΣǲ̫
ȴûҲûлشͶѯʵ񣬶ǿٵóŷڵϣӳ˺ü㡣
(qng)ͻȻ֮ǰǴθ
˾ͼ˻Ĵٴѿٵһǰ
Ȼ֮ĵطȫƷһһֻӴޱȵɫ޳˴ҵǰ
ģͱڵϵֻʮ޺񣬿óͬһģȴҪʮĿ˲ֱӡ
()ɢѹ£Ѱ⣬˶̲סȫ()Ծķ󷢺˶·𱻶סһ
ųֵޣɫȴûо֣ˣ
Ѱԭνɫ̬һθоԶв
ǻ𣿡һأɵÿʡ
ܶԸʮıޣǶޣȫͲһԽսĵȼ
Խ֮һΣоóֻܹ׽Լ˺
ɫУ
ôȴڳѾˣעһ˿Сϣ
ֻ()ȫֺĿ()ϡ
޷ά־((co)co)ݻף˳ɫҰ׾ֵ̱ڵϡ
ʶͻȻһܵҵ𣿡
һ㶣źܿ췴Ӧ()ǿʯġ
ǴżԴ̵Ļȣ֪ǳģ()ѱҪˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~(qng)ҪβԺÿӦþ~


1643.1643 ⶼ֪


1643 ⶼ֪
ʯǲðģרŹƻձ˵аܷС
ֻȻʯҲʯӦвСİͲöԷõ
ʯʶ˵ҵˣ
ǰҿ԰ȡܶˣͻԽԽ˳ԽԽɹʯһϲʼϰ()Ľйƻ()
߷̵ĻԽԽҲƭƭ㡣
ǿȡȷʵԽԽ˳ɹɷҲǿЦģûѵ͡
ôΪأ㲻𣿡ûװ֪ϲе̸С
ʯһ㶣Ȼû뵽֪㡣
ܿص㲻ҵˣʱԺ󡣡
ǵģ֮İ󶨣Ϊġ
ѾµˣҪ𣿡
ãֻҪӦңҾ͹ΪֻҪ()ڡʯѾһôܹͱ()Դô˵Ტۡ
()ϵˣӦþˣ˳ֻܶ޵졣
˵ڻ޷ȷҪҪ󶨣ȹҿ޷ȷܹ㲻ֻߡ
ʯһҭȻⶼ֪
һ˵ëëоҲѡҪǱֻ޵ȥᱻԷȫյ군ˣ
ãҾȹ뿪̸ġʯǲ֪ͣôѡԼ
Ҳֻܱȫ˸ףðɡ
ſ()ĵֿɣ
ʯܵ״̬ԥĴ()뿪Ϊһ۵İ׹Ѹ()塣
һ()ͱһ(jn)һ㡣
ʲô˼ôײ(jn)
вȻҪʵ˼ɱʲô⣬Ҿͷ㣡
ܹƻ()ԼȻҲܺʲôľǸơ
ںƳɹˣҲͲټڿûй
㣡ʯû뵽̬ȣŭžҪȴʶ޷ٺͨȻͬǱ(jn)ˡ
ҪȴԽԽ󾹱ѹýĳ
ʯһ뿪()ϵĹʾԷʧ룬Ǳһ()֡
ͻȻÿ(())(())ģʧȥҪĶһ
ûˣַˣ~1130~~


1644.1644 


1644 
ʯһ㣬()ϵ˹⻷ҲʧһȦһڵĹ⻷
˿ȴóǱ֮ù˹⻷
ҲʱһĪĸоĸ(qng)ױŹűɷĻףҲ֪ʯûɵöͬ(qng)
ͬʱҲ˼ֺ£֮ǰôôԲеΧתˣŮ
ȴҲôʱΪֻ޶ˡ
ʯһ굽ڣ޾ͽĿתƵ()ϡ
һֻצӣԥĳץ
ûŭҪĶ()(ͦͦ)õģʡҪһ롣
޵ĶѰҲ˲ñ¶ˣٳȥ֮
s׵ĻaܱȵģȻ޷ޣҲܶһЩʹ˺
Ҳֻצû£ΪѰͣסˡ
sףһ˾˭û뵽Ѱô߽׵ס
ƷһأsףҲĵ֡
ʵܵȼ֮Ĳ̫ˣҪ((co)co)ػϣܿ
ѾܾûܹˣȴΪһֻСϻˣʹŭѡ
צӣԥĳѰȥ
Ҳ˻ףչ˲󷨷ȥ
Ĺ޸ŭβ;ͳ˦ȥ׼Ȼֱӽߡ
Ĵʦ
ڳ̲סǵǵĴ󺰡
βٽֻмֵľ룬ΪҪʱһӰͻȻǰһβն¡
𾪵ǣһº󣬽ֻ޵β;նһط
أ۵˻
ȿ廤ǰӰƷһϲ磡
ȻˣǾоˣ
Ʒĵ˵ͷȻĳʣû°ɣ
֣û£ϵˣӯӯһЦ
ղҪ汻צϣ׵Ҫˣʵܴ
û¾ͺãʣµľͽҰɣƷס
ָֻޣʮְ˵ҪɱŮҲҪеĽͬͬ⣡
𣡡Ҳû뵽ͻȻðһ˽βնϣ˫۾ѪŭɫͳƷ﹥
ƷûϻףųͺͶԷˡ
д̫ˣСʱ~


1645.1645 ưְ̫˧


1645 ưְ̫˧
ǵսˣƷֻսԶ
ԶսòµƷڳͿֱ˶ˡ
ƶߣ
찡ƴصĺʲôʱģ
̫ˣ
ưְֺ˧
֮Ǹֳݽк
ƷֻսһڶԷĵϻЩƵġ
ֻ()һϾһ˿˿䵽ڣʹǿ
ֻ׵зϵļӳ֣ʮˮ
ҲƷͬӵпռܣܹ˺ռѷɶԷһֱά֡
Ƭ̺Ӱս
ƾûмʻף˫ֲϵĽӡķͻȻĵӰ׻䡢ȸ
ֻ֮ǰǾ()͵͵ʼõġ
ӰһĿʼʵֻ޸оһΣ
һߺƷսһʹȥĵӰ
ʱʻײϵĺԸֵĶܿĹһδεֹӰ
״Ҳ˳ȥʹÿռܺľϵܵҡ
ѰҲһ()ս˳ȥһߵҡ
˵ʵȻ޵ͣƷΪҪǣƣǵһ˺ܴõġ
ϾȥĵӰ
һ˿һһ㶵ģ˭û뵽˵ô󣬾Ȼȥս
Ƭ̺ĵӰʵƾ֣жˣ
ƷͷжһԶϢӡ£ȻϿնѹȥ
ĵӰҲ׹һε֣ƳһŴ޲ơ
ƷﲻϵĶֻӡעҲʹӡ²ϵıȻֱֱĳѹȥ
𣡡ΣиǿʵĿ˿ת()ܡ
ƷôܻᣬһܣͻȻܵĿռ(())Ŀռѷ֣()˺˿ڣС
أͷ˻𣬲ϵķ
ͷϵӡûͷ()屻ѹƵĲòһСֱڵϡ
γɣӡ½Ӧֻѹԭء
ôȴ޷ѳֻܲϱŭ˻
ƷＸҲ˵˻ϣٴּӳƱҪֻ޳ѹס


1646.1646 ܳȥ


1646 ܳȥ
ԼһСʱ󷨲ֻȹ̣˼ѹ֮
Ʒ֣ˣ֮޷
ֻ޵ʵǿܹͶԷսƽ֣ƾ˵İռϷ磬ȴ޷ɱ
ʵǵΣʵᷢ仯ҪնɱѶȺܴ
ƾҲߣſܽնɱ
ӻվƷԱЦ˵ϰ
ͷҲֿ˿ƾͷЦ
ƾͷЦû¾ͺã
ҲǸþΣˣ˭û뵽Żϻһֻޡ
ƷЦǾؼҵģ
˵̲꣬סֱ˱û¾ͺã
ʱһֱĵģԼĳ£˸뵽ŰһЩ
ղֻʱ˰ġ
ܵõĽţЦŻر˱ţ
ޱѹסƷյ˵㣬ԭס(jn)Ҳһѡ
ȷ֣̲סĺźˣܹϵˣ
ǲǴܳȥˣ
Ҿղ(qng)ʱֻϿؼҺú˯һ֮ǰ̫̼ˣǿҪܲסˣ
ƷƷ˵÷ɴ뿪ҽǷ
ڻ޷նɱޣܹһֻĸ߽ޣ·϶ŲٵĺöɲΪ£ȻҪӡԼѰҡ
ƷǰǾèһãͰţ
ֱ豸ҲˣƷ
ֱ豸ˣŻ֮ʲôҲͿˡ
Ʒ¶һҶɫã
ܿ죬֮ǰʹϻǵķɴ׷˻ϣƷڵ˰Ŵ뿪
ʯҲ˴ӻ˳ôЩȻţֻƲᣬԼ˫Ѫ()ģ(qng)Ҫ̱ˡ
ܶ־ΣҽԱֻܽԵϷɴƲ֣׼͵ǾΡ
ΪʯΪ˾ܵˣƷ˽Ҳҷɴϡ
㲻ȴ޿κΣֻܱҷɴ
һֱʯϵǷô޷ٸӦʱĻųһƬ֪ʧȥʯδ·ʲô
ʱʯڹƻкö԰㣬ȥ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~˵ϲԾ(qng)ŰϮˬΪĿ촩ô


1647.1647 һȦ


1647 һȦ
ʯϵĹƻߴ٣룬ֱӽʶסˡ
²£ӦʯҪʲô
ѰŷɴˣʣҲ뿪𣿡
ϰֵģҪߣʣ֮ǰлˣ
ҪûѰ֣ûֱӻץֻʮıޡ
ֻѾ˷ӡķϷɴһ˻ȥʱýĹ˾о޻ϡ
Ѱü㻹л
һۣһֱòòã
ǰƷʣ֣ǻ뿪𣿡
ƷЦŵ뿪ȥǼһһȦߣ
ãֻصѰߣҪȥֻ޵𣿡
Ѱ˵ˣȻȥɡ
ƷѹģȻҲһЩæȴǿп޵ġ
һҪȥսƷȥ
ȽϼᶨҪߣҲûǿаɣҪöҴ
ô˵Ѱʱ仹ǰܶģȻһʼǻãദʱ䳤ˣҲЩ(qng)ꡣ
Ѱ¶˿Ц⣬ã
ͬҲû£ҶµƷµĿģȴš
ȻĽʵģҪսƷҲòС
ƷҲû£ලˡ
ȴҶ뿪ƷжһѳŻȥܿһѷ֡
ߣȥ
Ҳȥѷ˴ԼСʱһȽӴɽǰ
ɽſһȻ(jn)ֹȴѲƷƾܿͽƵ
߽ɽһ紵ֻ޵ѹ
Ʒͷѹѹɢߵ
ֻһܴ̺ӣӦֻ˯ġ
̺ӵܶѻŲٵĶ˱Ƚϸ߼ĲϡҩĵȣһЩģĶ˸о
оɽһɺŨҵһȦܵʯϢŨȴûʯѵɽʯ
Ʒ۳ЦҼһｫռ˿ϣÿֱͨʯҲѹܹΪޡ
ýһطӿеЦŨȼsġ


1648.1648 ö治


1648 ö治
ƼƿŲԴǣΪֹҲֻһsԴ
ʶͷŽƬ̺Ҳ֪ôγɵģԴʯͶaģsҷֿﻹss
ǸsԴ󣬶ĶbaԴsĲǺܶࡣ
ڵ֮ҲֻssԴʯã֮ǰһֱռȽѣε׬ˡ
ЦǸ(qng)ãҪssԴʯء
ƷЦͷ˵ҲǶ㣬ǲҵĶȽϲߣʣµٴؼҡ
ŮûŻǣֻħԳ֣ҲҲͲᷢôһsĿ
Ż϶ռµģƼǱҲ˲ٵĹϵԿǼġ
µģ׵ֱתŮˡ
ҲЦŵͷãллְ֣
ҲȥϲĶߣƷֶԷ
Цлл壡
ϿԼˣǺ£
ǣֹȥƷƾ˿ȻȥռԴʯˡ
õܹһЩ߼նĸ߼ϡ
Ĳ϶ûеģǺá
ѰõĶʱóȥǻ(qng)
·̺ʱһվסˣΪڵħһֿ
ڱŵʯͻȻ
߹ȥ̺ƿ滹һۡ
һ(jn)ֹ޷ƿ
ʱƷҲˡ
ʲô
ҡҡͷ֪ʯҪĶ
Žʯ(qng)˵һ顣
ƷЦЦǾͿ
(jn)ε(jn)ƱȽ˰СʱŸ㶨
(jn)һƣǰҲ򿪣ֻһ鸻йɢźڹʯͷ
Ʒ˿ȵ˵һö治١
֣ʲôʡ
ƷЦʯܹһЩ֮ǰ˵ʯֻҪ֮󣬾ܽ뱾ûεĵز
ħҲԡ
һϲħ
֣ԱΪʲô֮ǰᶢʯħ٣Щʡ
Ʒ͵ʯħٿ֮Ҳߵֻ֮º󣬶дٽǿá


1649.1649 аְ־Ǻ


1649 аְ־Ǻ
ƷôͣҲΪֻ޶ʯħôִš
һ죬ʵҲܹõȵ
ȥħðɡƷｫеʯͷݸ
ЦŽӹȻʯͷӽħٵĿռʹħٴһ󻶺Ĳ
ħٺúõȡ(r)ûΡ
ʯͷһӽħٵĿռ䣬ڵʯҵĲһߺͷŭ
Ʒֻվ()߶оˣüͷ˵ڵʯɡ
ʯǲǺ£ԷѰ˽Ӷᣬ֮󻹻ᷴ
ŮһЩõӰ졣
ͷڵʯ((Ʊ))˳
ʯǲͣ˲õԤУ((Ʊ))ͳɽ()ӣȴƷһץס
ʯصģƷ߶޷ݻ٣ԴȽ鷳
һһƶĻǽѹĥڵ˺ǣ˵õˡ
Ц˵ãǰְ
֮ǰҲǲϣֻ޵õʯŽڣȴ֪ôãаְ־Ǻã
ǣȻһôǡƷܹнʵҲ˺ܶѪˮ֮Σ޶һֱҪǿĶ
Ǿͻȥɡʡ
ͷˣ
Ʒ뿪ǣʱŻ˼ŷܿЩɢΪһ(jn)ֹ
Ҳʹó֮ˣ޷̽ҵŻǡ
ڷɴģȴַ졣
֮ǰƷսޣѾֱͨȫ֪ˡ
˭û뵽ôѾɾߣҲǿ֮Уܸ֮һʵû˺ͼǡ
ƼҵԭߣҲ˲ssҩٳһƷƼ׵Ľһ¥Ϊе
ϢǵĲٸ߲ﰵѡ
Ƽ()ӱȽ䵭ٻҶļɵ̫Ҫ()ϰæҩ
ƷﲻͬǸְԵŭԲعء
ŮαоԺɱ¼֪ǽӭôȷѪ꣬ǲ
߲ܶҲɵöоԺѸٺоԺ˾룬±Ʒ̵ķǨŭ


1650.1650 һڶ


1650 һڶ
оԺͬû뵽ƷȻصô˳Ϊߣˡ
һĬĬĽҪ
֪ƷŮѾΪôҲͷԷ(r)ȥ
ƷǳɴʱоԺĸ߲ٴٿ˻顣
ԺһʣƷߣ֮ǰļƻȡɡ
ȻĺأһƷ﷢֣оԺ϶ܵı鷳
һΣˣҸղźǱϵѾ׼жˡ
Ժɫ˱䣬ȥϵ£ȡˣǻġ
ҲЩʵƷ꣬ҪöԷ֪ǵļƻǵһҪ
ãϵߵһ绰
ʱصλϣɫЩѿԺǱ˵ƻѾȡˡ
ǱˣƷǱҲġɿһ˵
ԺɫҲѿһҪƷ﷢ǵ鷳ѲǵߣֱӶϣֱǷ(ƨp)
ѾƻҲҪᶨ˵ȡӿЦ
ԺһǣѾȡ˼ƻǻҪĻͺûϵ
֪ͲһǱϵˣֻ취ѡ
ֻܵͷҰο˵ǣһǿģƻûʼȨȡǻҪִ⣬Ǿͺ޹ˣ
ԺҲҰοѾʱȡˣҪ֮ôɲǵˡ
ˣսŵս˧ϵǵǼ壬ζҪƷƼңǵıٵСʧԺƣüġ
ǣĸ߲ѹҲܴôǲȹܶˣǵһֵӲ硣
ֱѾرգƷҲһڵҰֱ̽
()Ʒʵع⣬ֱĵ㲥ٴ¸ߣȫ˵ڶϰٱĵۡ
Ҳ׵򳹵һڶ죬ԶСҲ˲֪Ĵڡ
һϣͰ˼Ҳ(r)ͷû뵽һ겻ʱ䣬Ȼ͸ôô(qng)
͸ӿηգͻȻͷ϶Ѿʧܵļƻ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~ϲϿ촩ˣԲедǲ̫ϲ黹׼İɣôô~~ĸ7ûеĻ12~~


1651.1651 Թĳȥ


1651 Թĳȥ
ɴֱִ֮ӻƼҡ
̫̫ŮȫĻ§һĸζУ֮ǰֱˣǵŮ¡
үӼŮҲһŮûʲô£ǵýȴ˲ɡ
үү()()һֽͨ˶Ͷһػ
һһԷС÷޺Ҳ˻
Լ֮ǰ˳ʱոպá
үӱӺ飬Ŀó̳ӣǾƣ
ЦŽ̳⣬үүŵĺ׼֮ǰΪ()()ľƣڸв˻ǿ()壡
ϻƼ˵үϲȾƣѰҵһЩƵϡи߼֮һ̳ŵħ
ħٵĿռһķʱԵһ£ԾŻôŨ
һ⣬ǹɴζү۾ЦҼТˣҿҪúƷƷ
̫̫ƽҲżȵƣĿЦݵ˵ǰҼȽģ
ЦΪ˵һΪ˵ơ
үȲƷһڣɵһܵ۾þư
̫̫Ҳһڣ
ЩˣȥǿڸлǴζȹõľơ
Ц˵Ϊ()()һֹƣҪ̳ܿǿ()壬յãȺҸá
Դӻүү()()öǳĳ(i)үүƼҵ廤ԼǺλ˸˵ġ
̫̫()ߣЦǸ(qng)ðԴüòָ֮󣬿вҴأյľϲ
͵Ůˣò()İǱȽӵġ
Ц()()ϲͺã
Ҳ˾ƣƷҲȽϲþƣ
ȥ֮˶ůĸо֮ǰЩ۵Ҳ⣬ֶŮóĹȻǺö
Ʒںүһϲƣ˱еľ̲ס޵ˣ̫ˣֻôãľҲôúȣ
ҲŪ̳Σգ۾
֮ǰΪ뱩¶()ݣҲȥҫֶŮھͿԹĳȥˣ
û˵үӾ͵һۣղŶ䲻ðΪҺľƣķݣ


1652.1652 ҼȻǸ


1652 ҼȻǸ
үҲرϲ־ƣһǱŮТģȻҪȥǰҫˡ
ԼȣТӾȻ뻢ڶʳ
Ʒڳ˳ǣ⻹׵ǰġ
Ц塢塢͹øҲأһָʺǺȵģЧʺ꣡
ҲܺãȻǡ
øҲ(ͦͦ)ģ֮ǰ͹ٸ߼ҩá
ҲаǾллˣƷ˶㶣ȻЦеĵͷ
һڵģСúŮûгɨˡ
ϳ극ͽλ塢øľƸǡ
Ʒһ˱ż̳ƣǣ
ʱȥˣչЦ˵
ûлشƷֱӽƿһȥҼˣ
ԽԽˣҪŮԼŮһȥŮ
ƷڿЦã磬Ҳ̫ˣѾ()ˣôҲҪȥȦλΡ
读УˣǲҴųȥ˵ģȴС
ƷĿ˿ҪѵҪ㣿
Ʒޣ⻹׸
Ц壬ʱҾȥ棬նϵɡ
˵ȥʮ**Ҫϰˡ
Ʒ⻰ͷˣٺٵЦŵͷãնϵ
űžƾˣһ߻һߴ绰ȻҪԼ˳ۻᡣ
Ʒ￴ıӰҡҡͷһﻹס
ƷЦҪסͲᶥŰôٻȥȦˡ
Ʒﱾ()ǳܵܵģֻҪ漰Ůܰݣɡ
ȥֵ鷿һˣº˵ӣʮ**Ȳȥҫˣǵ(qng)ûһ
ƷŲ²Ҫ˵ǿŻϵ£ã
һȥүӵķ䣬ƷｫϷs(qng)˵һ飬˺Ǿϲһѡ
үӺܸ˵óƸԼһҼȻǸǣ
ү˵ӺŮõģҲŮĺˣȻҲҵ
ү˵⻰ƷرͬǣҼǸǣ
֣ҲǵһүӺȶƵ
үĶӻ֣һȥרΪģǾҶӣҲռˣ
ƷƷźͷоƾͲҪˡ


1653.1653 ̫


1653 ̫
ûסլ˱
ͷڱˡ
û()ӭ
СķŴӵ诣Ц˵ٲҪˣ
ÿοֱһʲôΣգϱһѱһᰡ
ǵãûйϹ()šˣô˵һۣ㻹⣿
ģôᣬ֮
ڵŮǲ𰡣
Ͷȥһֻı(qng)ᣬǽһڽǰĸϻ
⻰Ҳ룬˵Ҫġ
߹ȥ§ˣҰ磿
ͽһкŷ§¥Լķ䡣
žͱ˱Ȼŵɳϣһס
ҲȽ(r)(qng)ĻӦҲ(ͦͦ)ġ
(r)һ˲ŷֿſɳϣɷ簴Ħ
Ҫڶ˾ļ̳ˣʡ
üûкӣΨһյͽܾǷ壬û뵽ԷҪ̳˵˼
һ߰Ħһ˵ǰҵʱҲܾȣȴ(yn)Ҿܾ
˵ڶ˾͵һ˾̨ģǾƻʯҺҼҡ
Ҳ֪ұһ˾Թϣҽӹܵڶ˾Ȼԣǽһ˾Ū壡ε˵
ʦ̫ԵǿˣҲемܲסͬҪᣬ̫ˡ
ͲԼ˵ˣ䡣
Ȼ׿ͽ̵ʱȽʱʦǷǳõġ
˵ͲҪˣ
̵ȫ±ȥҲûʲô
ͷã
Եڶ˾ʵǶȤͨʱദǱȽʦģһ(r)Ϊʦ()ΪĸΪʦġ
˵ʯڻĵʱҲ磬һ˾ôģҲûдڵıҪˡ
ǵҹܷḻҹƻԻͣܶطʮ(r)֡
ݼ¥İ䣬Ʒ˽ȥ
ʱѾźüˣЦ˹
óʩɳӻ֡
ƷھͻˣԼһû
Ʒ߹ȥ£Ŷɢ˵ҼȫˣүӲŷҳء


1654.1654 һƮ


1654 һƮ
صƷھͱүӽе鷿һͨ׼ţҲֻš
Ƚȫؼңүٹ
һЦŵүӺϲֶŮ
ƷڹһĵǵȻˣҼ˭ϲӰ
ʩɿ⽾һ׵ıֶŮˡ
һƵ˹ȥݼ³Ķƣ
ƷڽӹƱƷһڣüһ³ĶƣζҲ̫˰ɡ
ڳ˶˳ǣƷһԽԽƮˣƵζˣǺ(ͦͦ)õİ
һװĵûĿƷڵ((Ʊ))װˣҴϰǿҪģҲôһƿܺȵͲˣ
ǰ⼸Ƴģ˲ٵĸ߼ϣ˵ǿ()áζҲǺȹõģ۸һĸߣҪŪһƿû㱳ɲСһҲ
Ҳ壬ǰȥһʱ䣬ͻˣô߼ľƶˣҪʲôƲڣ
ǶƷװ((Ʊ))һƮˣ
ƷüǶʲôȹõľƣֵȻ޷ˣ
ȹõģţɣݼľˣϻûгֵġһϲȾƺղؾƵ˵
ȵģ˵Ҳ֪ʩļЦ
ҶǺѣԱ˴֮侭һ¡
ƷһЩôᶮ˿ǣȻӴָóһ̳ƣǲţҾ͸ǳ
˶û뵽ƷڻνõľƳˣһ壬÷ԱµĿվƱ
Ʒڽ֮ǰźһڵı£̳һ˵һ
ԼҲһ˻˵úƷƷָã
˿ôģǺ棬ʲôƣܹһƳ磬Ƿ׷׶Ӻһڡ
һж߾֮ɫ
ҿƵζĸãʩ̲ס˵
Ҳͷ˵Ƶζͺȥĸоȷʵȸղŵָã
ڣŪģҸоҲ̺˲ٵĸ߼ϰ
ȥ˶ůĸоǲҲЧ
űӶƷڣԭһŪ˸õľƣѹֶ֮ǰǾǺ֮Ҳˡ
ƷһNɪ̧̧°ͣҼģ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1655.1655 


1655 
ֱ֮Ǽû˭֪˭
˼ƷڇNɪ˵ľƣǾ£־Ȼ
ʩ۾ƷڵļЦ˵ԭģѹôúȣ
Ƴ˺ú⣬ǲǻĹЧƷôֻпڸкá
ʩôӵĿԼֶŮƷڸӵćNɪǵȻˣ˲ٸ߼ģȥ֮󲻵ǿ()壬ʺ;ȹЧ
ȿȣ˵׳ַڴ߸ɿһ˵
⹦Чһԭɢɳϣֱ()ӿƷڡ
˭Լǿأ
Ʒüǿ϶ģһ㸽Чص㻹ǿ()ʡ
һ֪֪ص㰡ϿûоܹĹЧء
һڽľƺˣĻǿɵúúԣ
˵ӵݹȥһ
Ʒ˺ڣֶŮרҵľƣܸƷһͲˣôߡ
ҪҪҫƵźȲóЩһأˣߺߣ
һͷߣҿһ᲻ãǲֵܡ
ϣ˶Ƿǳͬģǣ̫ˣҵľƳͲˣУ
ƷڲŲǣҪȥþ̳׼ʣµľߡ
Ⱥ֪ı()ǰס˼æ̳ȻǺȿյıӵ
óƷ⣬һ˵͵ˡ
ż˶ŸԵľƱԶƷڣһСžƣþƣ
Ʒû뵽ЩһȻӲǿݺݵĵ˵ǣһȺ˵
ۻĶѣҲûЩʣµľơ
ȻѾСˣɻǺܿ콫ƺֲ꣬˹
ڣǲǶֵܣʩɵһֿʡ
ƷüͻȻ(qng)ƣҪ
ٺ٣̫úˣҪֵһһ̳˴˵
ƷûĽƿʶûж̳һ˸һ̳ôȥ
ԭ㻹аһһ̳Ļֵ̳ǷƷƷղҶûƷζأ˳˵ĹЧǲġֺƤ˹
ƷڵڣûУ
أЩһ


1656.1656 ۾ֱ


1656 ۾ֱ
Ʒ߱һȺѴǸ()һóһ̳Ƴˣ˳ݼ
ڶ죬үҲžȥǺˡ
ε˲ȥݼ죬һžµԺȺȲ衢㡢ʲôġ
ԺҲǲңһʮָ߼˽һ
λүһԺ죬үӲƵ߽
ܹԺүǣһ()ݶȽϹأүˣ뿴˹
ôôһλүЦʡ
ү߹ȥ£ҼרΪһǿ()ꡢưľƣŵʱûעʱˣ
λӻһͿʼҫ
үΪȥμֱĿ˹עȱȽϸߣһ¾ү˵˭
ϻǸŮģ
ôһ˵Ҳ֪үӿе˭ˡ
֮ǰֱעԴоԺϣ()عǾͶɵùעһ
Ʒȥѹһֻ޺Ǳ𾪵Ĺעˡ
һλүӺЦʣŮľô
ʲôǿ()ĹЧǾӦͷ
үһĽǵȻˣֻڸмѣȥ֮ҹ˯öܺã֮ǰҲˣ
λүһϼһΪ˿ŮʲôҪˣôô档
ļٵģȻš
үӽҫģ˵ƾȻ˾
Ӵָóһ̳ƣļٵ˵˲㣬Ǻ˾֪ˣ
Ǽϼһпڸһ̳ǷϵĿձֱ˼
үӱȽϲȾƣϵãһүǣȻҲϲһڡ
һ򿪾̳ʴľɢүһ۾ֱˡ
˵㵹ĺܲ
ǸԶһӺһڣŷ׷׿ڵþƣ
ûĹЧǲ֪ɺȥڸȷʵѣһȫ()ůʮĸо
ܿ죬үǾͽһ̳Ʒˡ
һδүӣͷŮƼһҺȹڸõľˣ
ǰⴼȸոպãͷ̫ˣҶûôƷζˣ
Ҳǣͷһ̳ϸƷƷ˳ûղ˵ĹЧ


1657.1657 ˼ҵŮ


1657 ˼ҵŮ
үһƤүӡ
үһ߇Nɪһ˵ǣŮǶ෽ţԺȲ
һתҾʹһ̳ǳҪȹǲܵġ
һ̳ϼһǺȶܹ˼ˣڻ()ء
ƣɾͲ˼ˣôõĶôҲӦٺǷ㣬ôܲһ˺ء
ǣôһŮѵȱľƣȥҪˣ
үӰһۣ֪ʲôǼ˺ܶϡи߼ĵģͲռҲ׶𡣡
ƽЩƷλϼһǣһƤԼҪƺȣүӻǾúˬġ
ﲻ֪ͷҫŮģ֮ǰѾֱϼʶһֳ뻯ռڻ׷Ҳһ㣬ԭѾˡ
û뵽(qng)˼Ҳֻ⿷ôõľơ
ͬŮôǵľû˼ҵأ
ͷŇNɪЦɾջһǾת()ߡ
ƽָҲҪἸ䣬ɺ˾֮Ǿֻˡ
һ
ŮôѰҵˣҲȱƺȣңǼӶǲġ
ǰͷãиôТ˳ŮĽˡ
Ů̫
һĿ޴үǵĿУҪǮ˵ҪǵĶˣ
Ϊһھƣô
үӻǵһα⼸ϼһϵĽNɪ֮ɫɵøǣҼɲЩӿɱȣ
λүˣϼһﻹűˡ
ЩСӳѾͷǲТɴû˵Ϊþʲôģ̫ˣ
ٲˬΪ˾ˣǼޡ
үӹȻˣȻ󱻺̳Ƴ
ϻؼҺŷ֣Щϼһûģֳȥ̳ƣһ¾ˡ
Ҳһϵʱ䣬ǵĺȦһѡ
үǻȥ֮ͽҵﶼһ飬һĿТ˳һֻ֪ƭЩ˵ĺö
׵ĳ˱˼ҵŮòٴδĺүСز
ǵҲТ˳ǻԾͲᣬô죿
ЩͷҪҲ̫ˡ


1658.1658 á


1658 á
ľƲֻ˲ٸ߼ģħģ˿ڸ⣬ЧҲıȽϿ졣
Ǻ˾Ƶүǻȥ֮󣬷ֵ˯ˣ()ϵһЩСҲ˲٣һӾ;ˡ
Щ˼飬׷׸ȹƵǴ绰ѯʣһ֮·־ƶЧ̲ס׷ԼƼȥƺȡ
ΪȾƵүǺüλԾƵЧҲһ¾ʹˣүӼ뵽˲ƵС
үӰˬʹţ󱻲ʵܲˣֱӴ̫̫ܳȥˣһү̲ס
һߣƷڵѺȹƺҲЧһĺá
һΪӾйƽǺܺãǷֵĵڶûúȣһԵ̬ȣȥТˡ
û뵽ƺһʼҲƵЧǶӵĺТ˳Ҳͺˡ
û뵽Чܸܵģڶ֮˶о˺ܶ࣬ϾȻһչ۷磬Ǻü궼ûз(qng)ˡ
̲סöȥƷҪƣо͸߼۹
Ǹ()ӣһûסͺͬëĺѷ£žһʮʮ٣ܶ˶̲סҪ׳ơ
Ȼ󶥼ŵǣȥүӾƣү·ڼүǣ(qng)үҪ׳û뵽ͷǻϵ׳
̫̫Ҳ˶ŮǵĿڷ磬һЩϲݵģô˾Ȼ
үǻ֪áᣬǵôЩФǿһ١
ô˵׳׵ĺˡ
ͷͬȥһȦ֪ľƾȻ׳ϳˣܶ()ͬ־跨Ҫϵء
Ʒ֪󣬲ûѪܲҲˣôҲôס
ŮŲ׳أŵ˸ͣ
ҲʹҲү²۵ƷƷһ١
֪Ҳⶼʲôʲô
Ƶ˾ȻߵĶһŲٵ˺͵ˣԭ()гҲǺܴģŮҪݵһȫˣ
ʵƣʧЦģ̫ˣҪȥۣ϶
°͵ҲҪҪһרŵ׳óȥָۣܴ׬һʡ
Ūյľƣʱһڽ˾ۣܴһ棡ֵ
ɶ֧֣ȿȣǲҪ־Ƶģⲻ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1659.1659 


1659 
֮󣬺½歳˲Ĺۡ
Լһȥ̳½һȥˡ
һСӣҪѱɳֻǶһгǺ˽⣬Ҫȿ¡
̳ȫǴССĳ꣬һ߲㣬¥Խ߳ԽĳȼԽԽ
䵽һʱֻһҳꡣ
һţĿͻȻڳһ۽СӹŵĽɫСè()ϡ
Ҳ˳Ŀ⿴˹ȥŵĽɫСè㶡
ǲԽɣʡ
Խǿ޵ı壬ûмûĽɫСèȴоõֻè()ϢЩȷ
ԽǩԼȻ֮ǰѾˣȴܸܵ()ϵԼϢһڵģϤ
ȷʵҲ֪ôᱻץš
˲ŽţһЦݵ
ĴʦС㡢½С㡢С㡢С㣬ӭ٣
֪ǵ()ݣ⣬Ƚֱ׵ָָĽɫСèʣǳ۵ģ
ЦŻصԣǵץıޣߵȻŲǿȴбǱʣ̺һЩ
óֻСèܸȤģǾͿɾĽܡ
ߵǰ˫ˮż(qng)Сèִ˴Դ
žͼСè˸()İۣ׵ľԽר
ôʡ
֪()ݣɲҺۣԭһǱңСĻʮǱҼɣ
ֻСèǵץһֻ߽ױʱһֵͬģǾ˳˻
˸ֻⷢмǱŻóϾСǻвϲûжٹ()ȳ衣
Ҫ׼˵()һֻҪˣ
()һЩ죬˭ӻˣȻ
ת()ȥֻһӺһŮ˽
£Цк١Сã
ɨɨˣر()϶ͣƬ̣˵ֻèҪˣ
ﰵԼùôЩС(qng)ᱻ
ڨڨЦЦ٣ֻèСҪˣ


1660.1660 ô


1660 ô
ףӾƫߡ
Ҳһٶʮǵϰɡ
ɫ˳ǻûж𣿲۸˵ûҪءҳ۱ߣ㲻Ӧ𣿡
ɫЩΪѣ뵽ȷʵֻʼ۸û˵ҪҪʣС㣬ֻСè㻹Ҫ𣿡
ȻܲԽҪ۸ҪתǱҵ˼
˵꣬ü
ѵ㲻֪ʲô𣿡óŮַͲϲ
صֲǳġ
뵽ղӶ˵ĳƺ²³ǵ()ݡ
ϣͬĸĸ硣
ڻϾ˽歵ı
һϹ˾Ķ³ú歵ĸס
úǰȥ֮Ȣ歵ĸ׽š
Ǹʱú廹ֻһ̳ˣŻֵܣִֵѹȢĸ֮Žĸ׷()
ǰµһһŮʮֳ(i)ĸ׽ʱͽ̳˵λö¸ϣ⵹ûʲôɵġ
ĸ׵ļҲǵһţΨһŮڼܳ裬˵()ݲܼ޹ȥңĸȴںܾǰϲú塣
ֻΪѾˣŷĬĬĵ()
ֱǰȥһ꣬źúӴദ꣬żüңȻ½һŮһ
棬Ϊɷ(i)(i)ݼ¶ǰµĶŮܺãûöŮȥҲ
歴Сϲѧúȴѧ½ṫ˾Ȩ뷨
ֻ͵͵ѧϴѧ֮Ű˼ңȻһСϹ˾ϰࡣ
ĵܴܵСҲⱻûнӴѧǱɸ()ţҪз˸׹Ҫ£ſʼϽ
ڴʱ½()ߵȾż̵ıŭ磬èҪȥҲû˼
СþͲϲǣֻҪϲĶﰵ
˼ڸ()ϣ׵˼()ϣ͵ܾܵҰݣֻһδεá
貢ǵߣʱΪ(i)׶ãöԷԽԽôߡ
ҲǽܲŻᱻɲϲ()ӣֻǺʵܲˣŰܵܺ͸׷ִ֮ȥ˾УҲٻؼҡ


1661.1661 ʲôҲ䣿


1661 ʲôҲ䣿
歺͵ܵ治ϡüңΪһ̬ȣͱüҵļ̳Ȩһλøס˼ǩ˷Эʲôá
ûǿǣﰵҲ硣
ΪϵãǾȻҲϰ()֮ǰֻҲˣ˾Ȼĺˡ
歿ڣϵɫֳ˳
()߿ȥżְŮ÷绪ͬĿ正ҿֻСèҪȥˣôͱɴˣ
㲻ϲ磬Ҳôڮٰɡû뵽һǰûжٴڸе死ᶥײ磬ȻҪѹ
ЦֻèȿϵģͻȻӼǿõҳۣⲻʲô
ΪʲôҪֻèҵĶϰ߰ˣȻ֮ǰ˺ֺαװģ
ľ÷绪ǰһ(to)һ(to)̲滣ڰǾѾ˺ˡ
ϳ˵Ǽ۸ߵãɣ᲻˵ء
üõĸйٺܲ˵Ͽʹſ̱øж
˼Ҫұ˭ļǮˣʡ
ֺܹøüҼ̳˵λãǲݰЦŷʣúϲֻèСõĻȻ쮼۸񡣡
С㲻õĻΪøˣҾֻܺһ쮼۸ˣ
֪ƼҵС㣬ȱǮҪ۸񳬹λͲҪˣ˳ܿ໨ܶ౶Ǯ
ûлشתʣǵĹǼ۸ߵã󵽣
ӺԥЦ˵ȻȵȵãǵǱͯ۲Һ۵ģϾⲻ
Ȼ׼Ҳ͹ϱ̬ˡ
նɨɨĸ룬ѾǱתֻСèҪˣ
һɵ((Ʊ))ϣüһ߸ϵĵΪʲôҪ۸ߵãʲôҲ䣿
ϰһֱǿҪ˭۸ԥֱӴƼҿǶеĶţõŸϲԲã
üΪ˵һϹ˾ҲǵĶţɼλߣssĲʦȴΪԪ쾡ˣһֱܵ͵ڱչء
ϰ˵һʱ䣬üҵڻҪڰæҩء
õŸ𣿲Ҫ


1662.1662 


1662 
ϸû뵽Ȼ˵ô⣬ɫһ䣬㣡
ʲô㣿ɷ⣬СèѾˣûʲôˡĻھͿԶҶ䣬߻ȥҳҶšһͷĿ
һҭǿֱƵģʵץʮޣһżô
ⲻ۸
÷绪ĻһЩʵҲû뵽ôŵĲӣô˵Ҳüҵļ̳ˡ
ֻǸɢƣһɼܵģָԿǿɴ򲻹³Ůˡ
ϵ½ǣָ˵磬ˣʵҲôϲֻè˾(ͦͦ)ģСȻϲǾɡ
Խһ˲ˣ˭ˣŮ˲Ǹ˹֣
޵Ĵϵ¿˿÷绪˵Сèǰ鷳վӿԼҪûҪ()û()Ҫ(ƨp)û(ƨp)ɵģų󣡡
о仰˶֣֮ǰ̫⣬ڿã仰˼Цһ
㣡÷绪òֻеȣĵطû뵽ᱻʹ
Ȼȥ(jn)磬ȴñȽƯҲԽԽò˳۵һط
歸ȻҲ˳ۣȴԷҪǴ򲻹뷢ˡ
ҲһŭŮ˾Ȼǳ
Ǵ򲻹һСʣǽˣơ
ǻʦҲҪϣȥ֮ȥ֣ù˾(jn)ֹΪŮṩϡ
͵ŮüҲǶţɲƼҡ
һı(qng)֪ôģðƣ
ƼҵĻһܹȡһϹ˾ġ
ƼҲסԲҪٵһϹ˾Ĳϣȴû˲ҪҩͿ˭˭ң
ϲ۸歵ãʲô⣬ȥ͸ϰȥƼҲҪҩüˣߺߣ
£ֻܷ껰ͻת()ˡ
뿪һǸĿǸǳġ
ЦЦ㲻õǸʵ̫ˣ
ǰüҾôģ½ΪղüöԺѵ̬ȣҲ(ͦͦ)ˬġ
¶һЦʲô
컹żӸ~~


1663.1663 Ȼ


1663 Ȼ
Ҳû˵ȴãüҵ(r)Ӳù
ǰһֱܵ͵αμֱҲΪҪȥѰҲϣû뵽һ黹ѣǿΪɵˣŻԵġ
歾úۣһδöͻȻһֲõĳ嶯
歵ı(qng)²³һЩ뷨
ﲻ˵ĵطӴӣԽ˳
ʱ˵ԺҪռ빺ҩ׿ҡ
˸ղôʶȤȻҲͶһЩرȥƼҵôҶ֪ôѡ
һϲǾллĴʦˣ
ȻѡûģһüþʹһСĴʦˬ
ڵ￴˿˽µ(qng)ͼ۸뿪
(r)(qng)Ľ͵ſڣĴʦλС㻶ӭп
뿪˳̳һƷϢ
һڹ֭ɫЩ̫õʣԽʲô𣿡
̧ͷ˵Ҳ֪ҲˣСõ̫ˣȴóֻǡ
һֱԴбһϣĸҲһֱǲҪȥȴԶ
ö֮(qng)ԼЩãֻԷֵ㣬ҪǣӣȻܣ
½ΪʲôҪһֱãҲüȢȥģûƻǵļͥҲöŮƾʲôʲôҪǣ
˵˵ȥҲ̫ƫˣ̫ˣ̫ϵˡ
ңģҲŲãҵģһֶ١ȽǿӲ˵
诵()ҲȽϻ𱬣ǰôĵ⣬˸ȥֻǾ̫۸ˣ
½ͬ˵Ĳ츳ôãǵĻҪֱӽһϹ˾ȥɣǲڽ£ҲͱQˡ
ǿ԰㣡ߺѱ۸
歿ЦҸײҽ˾ģ֮ǰΪ͵͵ѧ˲ѧϴѧҲѡרҵ÷绪ȥ˼䣬((Ʊ))ҸרҵŰȻѡһС˾ϰࡣ
Ҳó˾Щ˼ʽ˹Ķǡ
Ȼ½ܰһϹ˾Ķ³ףĶģԲ˾вӺŮĵλ
оķҪǹҵϣǻסϺһֻ۱һֻǸС˾ϰ࣬Ͷ·
ҲΪ((co)co)̫ࡣ


1664.1664 ̫ˣ


1664 ̫ˣ
Щ꣬ҲҪһ׵Ĺ(i)Ļ䣬˾ȥõɫ
ʵȨĻúðо²ϣǶþǽһԴҪ谭
ó歵()ӲųȽϷϵֵȻҪǱǶһٶ((Ʊ))ȣҲ
֮ǰڻһֱ޻ϣڲѧϵ츳ѧϰǳߣֻǴС͵͵ѧģѧѧҲǺܸŻǷȱ
ֻҪ죬ĳɾ;ԲͣǸСϹ˾̫ûˡ
ζ˵Ǵ̨𣿲һϹ˾֡
ǽǵ뷨Ϊѣǰ歵뷨;
()ӵȻҲǴˣ򴽣ĬƬ̺룡
ôҲܹˣҲˣȻ()ӲϲҲίѹ
ûȤȥҽĲϹ˾ϰ࣬ȥ֮ϯϴʦֻҪл졣
һŵļ˵ǵĿǳһϹ˾Ϊǿ
Ҫããǽͷ壬ȫ()Ӻ׷
û뵽ҪԼЦǲռˣ
ҲЦ˵ûڲϵ츳ҽĹ˾ڵ˲Ŷԣ
ҪԽһϹ˾⿿һϴʦɲУöڵ츳ǿߵС
һĿ˵ðȻĻᣬץסǾɵӣ
ӻĵ֮󣬷ϰ๫˾ĸ߲Ҳ磬õ鶼϶øɵģԭҲˣֻǻûҵʵġ
ԷĽȻ˲Ϲ˾ӦòҪٲᱻüʩѹż͹ˣ
Сôƫģ˵ϵ츳öãѹǽܣʵҲмֲġ
Ȼ˺ˣҲûʲôù˼ɵģ˼ҲûŮãһֱ֤Լòġ
üҵļҲ治ϡʹ˾ŬŸ
Ȼ뵽һ飬üǿ鹷ͷʲôģ·̫ˣķ̫ľڹĶû˼
𣬵ʱڴĸƫ۵öɫʲô
ͬǶŮƫ(i)һЩǰĺӣҲ⡣
üѾƫ(i)ôˣȫĶƫˣô(i)ǰ޾ͱȢ()Ժõ()
ȻҪĸɹ˶³λãӣôҲӦе㸸׵Ӱɡ
ȴ޳ܵĸ׺ǽܣΪø·̫ˣ
ܿߣֱǵɶҪƷ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1665.1665 ʲôˣ


1665 ʲôˣ
뵽һԼһ硣
һᣬŸԷֿؼҡ
صƾͷ塢綼ڡ
Сèӵ˵ϣʣôֱèˣҷڵң˲ˣô£
ԽӵϺ˲ûһ췢˧ꡣ
Խ粢ûзϣƾȴӡ
ߵɳ£˵ұСèҪǵġ
ƾĿʣǲǷʲôˣ
Խû֮ǰҺͱ˼ֱȥսŻ죬ǲһսţĬİԵ˭Ҫռǵ󶼲鵽ĳɼͷϡ
ſ˿˵ֳ(qng)Ǿһֱųɼҡ
ͻȻֳɼһǵߣҪ((Ʊ))ʺѰҵͨ涴λãԭҪһжģȴ˻ϣǾԼжҪɱɼ
̾˿˵˭֪ɱʧˣǻһǵץΪʩչ˿ռ츳ͨӹһ٣Ҳˡ
͵͵ǵķɴ棬ֱǱһϣҵʵûˣնսг𻵣޷ϵǾ˸ˡ
ҷԼı̬һǵͨˣһ֧ӶǸץ޵ҾͱСèģһֻ޵ɽ˳ִǳۡ
ԭŵǾ·ģ˭֪ιһҩʹң޷ӳӣû뵽ȴǡҵ˵
򻹲֪Ҫõĳأָᱻȥ
ЩҲ̫嶯ˣһǵźӳɼѺͻȥľӢʵ϶͡
Խʼ磬Ҳû취ʵ̫ĵһǵͨɼҵ涴λã֮ϸļƻȥ׼ɱġ
˭滹һ֧ӢӣԭǶҪɹ˵ġ̾˿˵
ƾƳƳʧܾʧˣҪҽڣ
Խһۣ˵ɣҲһܹɱɹ
ƾúִǵ(qng)ΣŰɣ
ֻβ浽ǿǱԵû룬ֻ֪ǱڻûлţҲȷԽЩǰܵ˵


1666.1666 㶨


1666 㶨
ҪΪǣʱ̲סȥˣȻϣ
ڵ֮ǰ()Ϸӡǣӡǵڲûʧǻڻš
Խ͵̧ͷʣô죿ȥˣ취ȥɼɱˣ
ûӣɼǱܸ㶨취ȱǰɡ
а취ȥһǵŽɱˣԽʡ
üΪʲôɱһҪȥһǵţˣҿǹҽеǰ취Ū
֮ǰӴ()Ϸ˵㶫䣬һԶıտڡ
ԭǵȳɼȥ˵һǵܲ׼֡
ԽŮаţǾͽˣ
Լͷ֪ܸ㶨ǻȥɱʲô
û˵ϻ˭ôжˣ
Խ()嶯Ͳ˵ˣû뵽Ͱ˼Ҳô嶯
Ҳǵ(qng)ϾǶµĹУǿܶࡣ
վ()ȥ
ãȥϢԽͷ
˶Ҳܽţϣ
ֻᣬƾ˰ﲻæڱš
صԼķ䣬óһ֮ǰƺõСˣС˵òϢͳɼһģһ
Ȼóһֱ˳ɼλãϵע
ԼһСʱеСԭɢϢʧС˵Ҳ֮һģһСľͷ
ͷϾϸɫҲЩ԰ףȻǺľ̫࣬óɹˡ
վ()һһ֣СľͷȻճ˻ҽ
һŵҩָ˰Сʱɫ˲٣¥
һ¥ͼ˫۾ŵĶԼ
Цһ㶨ˣɼͻಡͻ
Ļڳ˶ŵġ
ǾͺãҪˣ
óһƿ˵ĵҩӸԽڼˣһ취ȥȰ˼ǵġ
ǵһǵŵǣɲôӲģôӳ飬úѰϵ¡
ԽҲ֪˵(qng)ãʱҴȥ
ѾǸǵλ츳ͨϢˡ
ţһҰ£ˣ
ãԽûоܾ޷ˡ
Ҫ֮ǰǸŮ˵ʱ򣬿ץ


1667.1667 û뵽Ȼ


1667 û뵽Ȼ
Ըɼķ˲ٵľͻطϢˡ
ڶ׼ѰϵԼˡ
Լ迪Ĳңרð̸±Ƚϰȫ
ȵħó˸õĲҶ
Ѱʱŵһɲ㣬߹ȥĶ档
ӹݹĲ豭˴Ȼһڣ֪ҽΪʲô𣿡
豭Ƶĺһڣ̧ͷЦʣɼˣ
Ѱһǣҹͻಡġ
ɵİɣȽϿ϶
ɼĺͻȻһǵǱߴֲΪȫ()һ飬Ƕûз쳣ļͻಡ
Ҳòһܳɹ˿ɼڵĸ߲ˡ
ǰѾûлŵˣŲ豭˵
ѰĿһۣ֮ǰ˵Ϣһţû뵽Ȼġ
νĹҽ治һ棬Ҫ֮ǰڳɼҪΪ⡣
ü˵Ļʲôʱˣ
ѰһҭУˣ
Ů˵аţĪĸоľˣҪҲŻء
˳Ĭźһ裬ѰֵˣԼ⣬һҪ(qng)Ҫ㡣
ҪôѰæأô˵ʣʲô£ӣӦǹҵİɡ
ǰġѰͷҽյһϢ˻Դһǵ뽫ץߡ
ֻǲ֪ΪʲôԷǰͻȻȡ˼ƻһǵȴ׼ִС
£˼ǣһǵ׼ץң
ѰͷǰȻ˹ģʵҲҪץ㣬˭ֱչ¶ô
ռĹҽϺϳɡܻ׵죬Щǵһǵûеģ뽫ץȥΪá
üǾô϶ץȥһΪã
еֶαŻĥ㣬ϾץҲһˣһǵܲĲ˲žôġѰʼ硣
ʣʲôʱжأ
Ѱصһֱһأ㵥ܵĻúץʱж
ʣͨǶԸҵģǲоԺˣ
Ѱһ㶼ܲµ


1668.1668 ǳԶ


1668 ǳԶ
Ѱһ㶼ܲµ
ǰ֮Ҫȡʮ**Ϊֱ¶ߵʵ
һƬ⣬ô¶ģҲǺù
Ѱ֪Ҳ˶ûɶ³׼ô죿
ҪҪҰæȡǸǿץĻЩ˿ֻܲҪ˵һܸ㶨ġ
ʣһǵܲӵкܶ˵ĿƼ
ѰsϿһǵŵоڼӦøǵоԺ
ѰͷǰͲһ棬Ǹǵģҩ治Ƽңڶħƻ·棬ûôע
ЩĪĿʲô
Ų豭һڣƵĵ˵Ҫȥһǵ棿
ѰĪľúЩôŮ˱ץȥѣǵһǵҪ뻢ڵĸо
Ǳץȥģô棿ѰʣװȻЩ߼о
ЦΪʲôҪǱȥġ
ⲻǻЩҪξȱˣڵһǵžͽˡ
ѰüҪô
ҵʱȥˣǵŵܲһξˡЦ˵
ô϶ܲ㣿ôңѰʧЦ
ʵ˵Ҳ㣬()ݣ
Ѱ˦ˣۿ֪ҵ()ˣ
ǰ٣һЦĶ豭һѰơ
ѰＫˣʲôʱ֪ģ
ΪԼص(ͦͦ)ء
ֵĿܼ򵥰ܹʱʱһǵŵĻܸ֪˵()ݾԲ򵥣ȻҾȥ˲һǵŵ죬鵽(i)ĶӽѰȻҾжͬһˡ
Ȼ(i)ĶӣôܲһңӦòɣЦе˵
ѰζƳƳǲǻĿģܾ㲻ǵֻȥ棬ҪѧϰߵĿƼ
һƬļͬ鱻ץˣĿǰǵܲһϣ׼ȥˣ˳ȥһǵܲһȦ棡Ҳû֮Ҫ˰æء
Ѱ̧üģôȷһ㣿
㲻Ҫ˵һǵ𣿽ҷŽȥҾļƻܹ̽ӿ죬أһЦеģ
ѰһͷߣŮǳԶˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~


1669.1669 ǵ


1669 ǵ
ѰЩȴҲòĻ
Ů˾ǸŵܻԿ¡
㱻ץ˵ɡڰֵ
һͷģȴ֪һѾͬˣҴϵ(qng)ץҵĻᡣ
ǵ죬()ȥһǵܲȥ̶(Ѩxu)ûÿˡѰû˵
Цлл佱ҾϲսѶȣ
ȥаȥôأ
еһǵʱʱҪռҲȥһǵܲܲһǶҵ(qng)ûյˡ
Ѱ֪()ȷ(qng)Ǿƥġ
վ()һ㣡
źԥ뿪ˣȻֱġ
Ƣǡˤ뿪ҡҡͷ
صͽѰ˵ĸ˼ˡ
ƷЩͬ˵Ҳ̫ΣˣҲģ
Ҳǰȥһǵ̫ܲΣˣҪǱȥˣְȥˡ
ϹѾߣֱȥǿǣˣ˭š
ЦãҲֻǾˣȥһǵܲѧѧǵҩ׵ȼ취£ûȥռ͵
裬Ƿģҿ϶ԼµġȽϼᶨ˵
Ʒں¼״ֻܶһۣ⺢̫ˣ
аɣҪȥȥһһΣվ͸Ͽ켤һһʱϵƷڻôֻŮľͺˡ
()Ϊߣ治´һǵܲΪŮҪ((co)co)һϸ׵ģĸ(qng)Ը⡣
ʱҲӶһӾӢӶȥǸţ¾ǳȥºӶѡ
ŰȻΣȴɳԼģůģлл裬ұ֤һעⰲȫġ
ƾûкܴĵģ׼ʲôʱȥ
ȻѾ֪˶Էļƻѡʱʱȥˡ
诵ĶЦ˵Ƚȥ
ԤھˣȻҪСֶӳ
诽ͷļЦҪǸҲߣһġ
ļô֧ȻҲģɻǺܼᶨ֧֡


1670.1670 ô֪


1670 ô֪
ϣ磬ĲҺ死档
½ں歹ϵرãҲһġ
˾(qng)̸̫࣬½һߵɳġ
һᣬ½˵ʲôҲԾˡ
ôˣ״ֱ˵ʡ
½һʧЦ㿴
Ц˵ôԣܿ𣿡
Ҿ˵ˣ½Ҳǽ(qng)()ӣܹ𣿡
ǿ֣Ʋֶ޷֡
㶣½()ߵ˺û˭ܹ˵İ
ͻȻڻʱ½̬ȡ
ʱ½ҪҪʱ½Ǻν˵ΰɣе˵ġ
ϣͻȻһ²⡣
ЦЦĿ½ǰ˭أ磿
½ɴ۾ô֪ռģ
Ц³ģǰ
ȥܹн˺صˣòƾ磬û뵽ġ
½ɿһһȾһ㵭ĺΣǸҺѡ
ڻûкǰѣȽĵ
һ棬ŷĸ磬ҲȽδáΪϵǸʱһϲģͲôϵ
û꣬ΪҽԼֺϵοһ
̾˿˵˺һЩϵ
˺йϵ˵𣿡ʡ
½صд(qng)ȥһɢģķɴϣֵܼ˺㣬˭֪⵽˿ֲϮ
()ΪսȻԴУͼʻŻȥӭսҲЩ˳ɹץס
˭Щ֮ͽһ()϶Դըץ֮Ǵӻ״һ¾ͽըҪͬھ
ʵ˲ɵʱȴʹ˹ȥըʱҲ㲻ͻȻ˵˸ȴըˣҷǳء
ȻصǺ󣬾˺ˣȴ˲ĥƣƽ򵥵û⣬˫ȴܸػ;ϸĻ
½(qng)ʧ䣬żȻۣҲ޷ϲħƻˣ
ʣµҪĸģСʱ~


1671.1671 ɵƯ


1671 ɵƯ
û뵽½绹ôһΡ
ڿ½ģȻѾԷϣ(qng)㺣ֻ֪ˡ
ʲôˣҵÿ½ܲΡ
½ĸ첲Ǿ鷳ˣʲôʱʱ䣬æȥɡ
æģ֮ǰ̫æˣôš
һֱûзΪҽ
ЦҪǻɱ˵ĻҲһʱ䣬ôķϣͳʱȥ
½ֺ˺죬ΪҲ˵ģҿ϶ܲܣ
ǣҪЦŶΣӦ()𣿡
½һѣ˼Ц߿
죬½ʱʱĻҲû٩
²ǸӦǰ½û뵽½ǵܵܵδޣʹȻϵ
ֻ½˻˵˼
ܹΣյʱ򣬲Լһʱ½Ҳ϶(i)ˣֵÿ϶
½ĪĿҪԱˣĻ϶ʯйء
ǸʱʯӦҪȡˣ÷ܿ½Ӱ½żҵ˲ỳʲô
ǱҲ̸ˣ쿪ʼ歾ȥϹ˾ϰ࣬ϯϴʦ
歳˲ң׼ԼĹԢͽӵĵ绰ؼһˡ
˸Ǻ󣬿ų˱
صüңֻš
꿴Ů¶֮ɫվ()()£死ˣ
歵ĺ֡裡
úҲĵͷˣеҪ˵
䵭Ŀʲô£
ͻˣúϿϲŭ
歺˽λףǲˣʲôϵأ
Ƿͻˣϵĳʵ˵
úüͷ֪ƼѾʼܾüҳҩ𣿡
һЩСͻֳ
ѾŮ˵ˣǿһֻ裬Ҫ۸ߵãû
ȻΪƷüҽжҩýüҵĲٸ߲ɣֱ̫ˡ
һνģ֪
治֪ȴɵƯ


1672.1672 ҲŲϡ


1672 ҲŲϡ
úһӵĿ歡
治֪º޹أƷôӦúŮѲϵ
ѵʶ½֮Ů˶üҼ̳˵˼
Բ(yn)
死û˵ԱֵĽ겻ˡ
ʲô˼Ϻ˳ͻ˼ҲˣƷ()Ӷ໤̣üҲҩǺ𣿡
úһۣʲôϵ
˶Ů׷ңŷҺ֮ǰĲһӼŮҲǰǰֵĲһ
(i)ú壬ͬҲ(i)ԼĺӣüǲϡĺҲίˡ
歲Լô˵ϾȻ̵ǲúȥȴ(i)ǵġ
ǰТ˳ĹԺӣõųǰǰнеģ
Ҳûٺ裬Ȼܵر裬һֱ˵СӲü̳мҵôôü
ҲӣŻ֮ܵǰΪ竣ҪͻȻ֣û뵽ô
ҪƼңǾĵģɻ()ϣǾĿܵܡ
ǰ뿪ʱ򣬿ɺŻƣѵԼ𣿡ԴӺ诡½ദʱ䳤ˣ()Ҳ˲١
úɫѿ˼֣⻹歵һζײҪܱ衣
Ҳָ㣬ʵüҵĸֵ߲˵ܺйأʡ
ǺƣһüģҲҵ࣬Ǻѣȥ˵˵Ҫˡ
歴ųЦЦ(qng)ǳģҿûǸΪʰ̯ӡ
ƽҺ͵ܵܵĶϰˣϣҲǻãҲٺλίˣ½˵ĶԣǶûиŮ֮(qng)ҲνˣǾ˺¡
ú˵ʲô
֣ʲô̬ȣ
쿪ʼҰסǸС˾ҲȥˣһᰲĹ˾ʦ
Ů˻һ֮ƢӲ˺ܶ࣬Ҫƿһ㣬ɲС
ǻŵƤӵ¶ţڶӺŮѾڹ˾վȽŸ歽ȥҲʲôˡ
Цҽ˾ˣϧˣҲŲϡأ
Ҫû(qng)ҾˣҸǲӦȴӦ
վ()Ž˵裬ԺҪɣҲѹֵġ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~


1673.1673 ź


1673 ź
úû뵽ԼһȻŮ˵ֻ
ɫǳѿ正㲻Ҫ˭ģǶԳ̬ȣĽأ
ԭ׼ֱˣ⻰ת()һĿȣǴ˲Ƽױ޽ģҴСĳԴöȶϣ㲢ûҡ
Σụֻֽ̬̂ˡ
㣡ú屻ˡ
˭֪ԱߵĽ껹һͬĵͷ˵ǣǶģüûаϵ
꣬ôѱ()Ӷݳģȥҿ˭Ȣˣû뵽ҲŮһ
Ҳﲻɵͻݵǰޣɫѿ˼֡
꿴ģﲻ֪ǸˣȻ¹ɰõġ
ô꣬һǻ(r)Ѫ(i)ⶼι˹Ҳ翴͸ˡ
ôǰˣȻô(i)Ǿ()񰡣ҪȢҡ
곰Ŀ˵õҵʱţòžǽ꣬ٶȻ죡
úЩ˼ĿŽ꣬ԴʲôҩȻ˵ֻƽỤ歽ܣҲѿ
ĸŮǱ˽ͷһֱ
˵ʲôأţһ˭˼ƽһ׼彪ꡣ
νȴʣİɣﲻźˣ
歵ֱ֣Ŵȥ
ҲȲѣôˣ
ûжʣЩˣǰĸȻ(i)ǣҲǣúȴҲǧֵá
컹һμú˦أоźˬ
ĸŮʧڴſڣúŷӦ׷˳ȥ
ȴҲһֻĿʧӰӣɫڵòٺڣ벻ͨΪʲôҲô¡
ն˴˽ĵ绰ȴϣٴȥ˺
ãǺģ֮ɱҺͺãú廹ǵһ()
ֻ϶ǳ(i)ҲΪ歵(qng)̼嶯ˣܿͻԹԻԭµġ
ԭĪ˿ҲΪﰲοʾʧӰ١
˳ǽһׯ԰
ȵǣ³йܼҺӶǰ
ˣС㣡


1674.1674 һֱڰϻ


1674 һֱڰϻ
ǰûׯ԰ȻüûʲôȤüҵĲҵǶ˽һЩġ
Ӵׯ԰üҵģǿ϶Ǽڲᡣ
һ֮ǰģ˵ʶ˼Ůǿ˵ĸо˽ȥ
δͣĵһ¥һ鷿
ŷſ歵֣Ȼߵƹóһƿƴ򿪣
žƱЦ⣬ԭƫòʱȴһ֮С
һһƸ正Ȼߵλ¡
һͷˮ裬ͻȻЩİȴú׽һ
žƱߵ£裬ܺҽ𣿡
ƱһڣЦȻˣȻҪ͵ġ
һļеݸ正ȿ
歷¾Ʊӹļд򿪣ݣоǳԾȫľ
һҳ͵̧ͷ裬ЩһֱչһϹ˾Ĺɷݣ
ǵģļݸ޷ԤϵΪеһϹ˾ٷ֮ʮߵĹȨ
ЩȨ˵衣
׵()ŮһֹȨôܻȨ
οȻ˵һϹ˾üҵģʵüҲĹɶˣֹɰٷ֮ʮһ
Ȼٷ֮ʮһҲδȫƿүȥǰɷݲˡ
Ϊ̳˵Ĵúֵ˰ٷ֮ʮĹȨÿ˷˰ٷ֮壬Ů˰ٷ֮һ
ΪһϹ˾Ĵʼüҵ棬˶µĿعɱȽϣûгٷ֮ʮġ
ҲúȻֻӵаٷ֮ʮĹɷݣȴҲռ˴ͷġ
ȴͻȻóһļ˰ٷ֮ʮߵĹɷݣǸһ԰İ֣ͻȻЩš
һھƣƵĵǰЩһֱչȨչ˰ٷ֮ʮߣú塣
ҲţʱܽӶ³λҡҡӣٿǰú(qng)á
歲ɵӣʱҲӦ˹ԭһֱڰϻ
裬֮ǰڰǰı֣ȫװģ̲סʡ
Цȴûж¶ȣȫװģ֮ܵǰ(i)֮ľͿʼϷˡ


1675.1675 ԭ


1675 ԭ
꿴һ𾪵Ůеɡ
ȻܺôɷĽɫôܹȥأϾô(i)ĸ̾
Ŵʣڵܵʱʲôת䣿
ݼ̫ˣ˵úûǶûп˿ҪȥȦ׵ľӰ󼶱
óŮûбԹԼܵʱһСһֱҽԺչͻȻҪıɣҾûдкؼˡ
˭֪ȴǸøףڶ˽̵ǰҪװɣҲŻ̵ǲҪȥҪȥ
üֻǵģĸŮ˵òһ֣(i)Ļǵơ
ǸʱҸû뵽Ȼһֱһɷͺðְ֣㲻Ҫȥѧѧܹܵߵò񻰣·
ҵ˰أ͵͵뿪Ȼ˾˰æе飬Ȼ˸Ĳ
۾˵˵()(i)ǰ(i)ж֪Щͺж
ԭҪˣԽԽƾʲôƭңҪǽΪŮ·ʲ
Ҿ;ϷϹҾ(qng)ӣʼչһϹ˾ĹɷݣռüһЩ֤ݡ
()ֹĲ츳ܺãԾͲѧҾһ·͵͵ѧ
歵ɴ۾ŻȻ򣬡ԭʦ㰲ŵģһֱЩ벻ͨΪʲôһֵʦǸϴʦ
һֱΪԼˣ͵͵ѧʮȻûбַ֣ԭڰڻ֮ǰδӵţһ¾ͽ⿪ˡ
ҲѧʦҲ㰲ŵİɣʡ
ͷú̫αˣһɱ˫ۣԾһֱûнҴԼȥǲ࣬(r)ۻҲͲ̫ˡ
ʣܵͻȻϲϻףҲģ
ԭѧѧģСӲϲҷϲܣսʿ(ͦͦ)ġ
˶ٽ˵֮ǰǰʵȴúĽҾ˵ߡܵҲѸٳɳԼϲ·ᶨȥ
Ϊ(i)ӣŲòαװȻĵǳɳ˸αӵĴҲѸٳ


1676.1676 ԭô


1676 ԭô
死û뵽ԭЩΪ͵ܵܰôࡣ
˺ǲǴҪʽˣʡ
ͷ֮ǰΪչĹɷݻѹѾˣҲͲˡ
ԭ棬˭ȻͷϣȥΪϴǸʰ̯ӣҾ׼ǰˡ
ǸС˾ҲȥˣҺú飬ȻͽЩɷת㣬һϹ˾³ɡ
ڼüʱûҪȨúĳӣüҵĳ̳й˾ҲӦġ
(i)ԼĶŮԲϣΪȨĿȫǣǽԼϲ£ϣġ
ֻʵû뵽úôĵ(qng)ˣȻҽצ쵽ԼĶŮ()ϣͲȵĵߡ
ͬǶŮƾʲôĺӾҪһȣҪǸ˳ѹƵ˼
ʱ˿̣歲òЩԼ裬ѹǿ̳кѡˣҪˣڵļĪ
˵裬ҴӦĽȥϹ˾ϰ࣬ԶݹȨҲҪ
ǸҲϲĶǣҾ밲ϴʦҵ(i)öˡ
ȥ³̫Ϊˣ֪ԼûǸҲϲ
һ㶣漴ԼŮ()ӣȷʵϲĶǡ
ǰҪҪŮ漰ڰһ棬((Ʊ))һ((Ʊ))Ůⷽɳûá
ҲŮɱȻ()ӡ
ĬƬ̣һñǸѡôһΪ˱Ҳϣܹܵû
ϾȻüҪѷɫһЩҪǵҴ뿪üңúҪѹãǽܱ
Ҷϵ˽⣬ֻҪ̳üңǲҲŹǽܵġ
歵ͷ֪ΪǺãǸ˵()ӣҲ(ͦͦ)˽ġ
ø㡱ֻҪһȨǿ϶취Ҫǽײͷϵġ
ϵںܺãͻȻʡ
歵ͷţǹۡ
ƷΣʡ
ʵƷܺãҲŻȻĹ˾ϰࡣ
Ĭһ˵ܵܣԸԸҪЩɷݣҲҪĻͽԼҺ̸̸
һ¾ͷӦ˹裬Ҫɷǣ
˻ξƱ·ܿҪһǰú壬Ҳ뿴üҵˣûȤӹܵһϹ˾Ǿͽɷÿŵ˰ɡ
ҪûȤҾֱֳֻӻˣ˲üҵΥ֤ݣú常ӹһǵŵ֤ݺһܡ
˵ʱõһϹ˾ֱҲ(ͦͦ)õġ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1677.1677 Ǿ͹


1677 Ǿ͹
歿裬ﲻɵһͺͻϲ
ԭ貢ûΪ(i)ְֶһֱãûи(i)ְ֣(i)ǽܣܺãҲܰϲ
ǵģӴԽ࣬歵ĽԽǿҲԽԽϲǿưˡ
ôãȷʵûбҪüίԼ
еĻЦ裬ҪŹɷȥָ̨𣿡
ЦȻҪˣȻôأָΪһȥͣϾô(i)ء
úСʮ֮꣬ԻϲҲǱ͹ֳԻˣϾ˭ʱûһء
ʼúǹӽģҪ
мߣֱ뿪ǡ
ȻʱúǰѾȥˣƵĳǰһһĸ(qng)ӣΪʱǵ˽ȥ
Ҳֳ(i)Լģֿݵɷ򣬻˭һݡ
(i)ú壬ȴû뵽һжƳĴĭҲ(i)ޡ
ôϷ޶ûˣ׷˶úĸ(qng)
Ҳ˾ʹӽ쿪ʼ˺ɣ(qng)ˣȻٺݺݵĿӶԷЩǸǷŮҲ
֣裬֧ľüҲֵͣ
üҵˣûжٸ(qng)
׿ƫĵĸףкܴĸ㣬ŵ()()ҲͬǷǳƫĵġ
ƫĵĶǶã˵û裬ǳԿίʲôġ
üҵ˶Ǽʹĺ֣ǶڼұȽϵó裬ȻǶƫԷ䵭ǽܵġ
֮ǰﻹܲƽҲϰˡ
ûʲô(qng)Ҫü֣ͲɵƯ˼ˡ
еЦŨţǾ͹ˣ
歲û뿪ׯ԰裬ڶȥϹ˾ϰࡣ
˾ĻܺãΧҲܺã֮⻹ϴʦ
˴֮䲢ûֺ޲ùĶǾ(qng)ܺ󷴶˲Ϸѧ
½ȥΪ
סżҵլżħʦҲżλssħƴʦϲ
ȻΪ˫޷ħƻ£ɲûбżҵӣʲôĺʹǰһĸ˼֡


1678.1678 Ƚ


1678 Ƚ
½ĵ绰ڴլſڵȺ
ֺЦ˹ȥ
½ӳ
½Ϊ˻ܡ
Ц֣Ĵʦ(r)ܹһ档
Цźգٺã
λ룡һơ
ߵ¥ĿֻһȥȽƵλԱһȥŵĹˡ
⣬Ҳڣ()߻һּƣӳӡ
⼸ˣѾ³ǵ()ݡ
ĸĸĴ硣
żҶ˺ӡ
߽żЦվ()Ĵʦ
ºЦŵżŷ˺ã
żЦ˵Һ㸸׹ϵֱӺɡ
ôһ˵˴˼ĹϵҲ˼֡
ŸĿƵĿǰҺҲѣҰ̾ͺã
⵹û˵ѣǷ޺Ʒ޹ϵȷʵ˴˼Ҳк
ǽ(qng)()ӣĵ壬̣
żֺ½к˵
ó˶½ĸй(ͦͦ)ãȻǱȽϲġ
ԼʮӺ½֣Ҳ֪㡣
Ͼͺ˵ˣֻû뵽ļ˻ڡ
żҼ˶֪ΪʲôҲ˲Żš
㣬Ȼ㣬ҼҪ鷳Ĵʦæˣ
ҪǻƽżȻǲ̫ôҽҽɾ覵(qng)Լֱı֣̲סҲ˼ϣ
ӵħ츳̫ˣǳСеĵһˣ˫ָܻǾٺòˡ
ӱϿƽȻǷȴ֪һ˶Թڷﲻϳʹ˫ħƻ£ֻǶʧˣĿû˵ȴۡ
Ц˵һᾡģ
٣㽫ֻҿ˵(qng)
߹Աߣ˫ֱȽ񣬡鷳Ĵʦˣ
Ϊ˰̽һ˫֡
Ƭ̺ſϵ֣˱Ƚأ޷ʹá
½ŵʣа취𣿡
صΣֻҪ˫˵ľ޸þС
߿Ϊҩ࣬ÿ˫޸磬һΣһμɣ


1679.1679 ˰


1679 ˰
˫ֵƶҽ˵޲ߵģɶ˵ȴѡ
ħպֲ޸ĸ߼ҩģڵҲܹƳ
½¶һõЦݣ̫ˣ
֪У
żҵ˼һɺɵģĽȴûзɶ١
ŸŹĵʣĴʦ˼ǣһξܺ𣿡
ͷɣҪǻָĺã´ָܻ
ٵĻָ(qng)ֻҪ⼸찴ҵҪҲָܻ
һ䣬Ȼָֻ֮һЩħƻ棬Ҫѭ򽥽УܲŻָȥ߼ħƻ£ջָ
Լʮңٵʲôʲôˣûǰһ
ôָܻżЩȡ
ЦţҵƵָҩȽٵƣЧıȽϿ죡
żʱ̫ˣӵֿꡣ
ȻôţҲôһ˿ϣֻȥš
˵Ļ鷳ĴʦΪǼˣǱк񱨣ʮֿ˵
СƷŮز˵ʱ䡣
żˣ˵٣ҪΪʩ룬㿴ʲôط㣿
ǱŲϣģҲ빼½һƬ⣬Ҫȫ()ģֻ˫֣
Ҫȫ()ȫ()磬ҩ޸á˵
վ()ҽҵͷİɡ
ã
СʱΪꡣ
ڵĵĿʱóҩĽҪҩ˳
ֱͿĨȽ鷳Ū˸ҩ
һֻţÿ컻һΣ´Ϊĵʱ򣬻ٵΪøҩ󣬽ҩΪ
ϸҩ󣬲û˿⣬˫һůĸоЦŵллĴʦ
Ҫлл½ɣΪ㿴ֵġҪû˵ƵĻ֪Ҫòһ˰ɡ
㶣ŻһЦиֳһЦ⣬һлģҲͬлС㣡
Ϊֺ½(r)(qng)ŷһ緹
Ҳˣŷ˺ϲ½ȫδϱһĶԴ
ǺڵӣϿûкҩԡ
ȻǾҪܵס


1680.1680 Ч̫


1680 Ч̫
һ׷У͸ȻвٵС˼˵Ʒǹصġ
ˣȻҲΪһ⣬֪ʯģΪҪȡˣȻġ
ȻҲ
緹½ųš
½ȥˣ˵ʯ¡
½˵콫ˡ
ʧȥʯ֮ǰҲĲˣֱɵԺ󲻻֮Ůù֮Ůǵ(r)Ҳ̫ù
ʯˣЦʡ
½صʯΪ֮Ȼõҽ豸Σɼ׵ȴ˵ĺء
˵߼Ʋһ꣬ſǿµ·޷ټʻסʹܡˡ
һʱڣζȹ
Ҳˣ轫Ҫ͵ܵǿ£ʯҴк
ʯԹС֮󲻵ΪչʯŷʰǲʯңҲֻܽˡ
Ϊ̱ʯ()Ӹӵ()粻ıŭҲԹ㣬һ˳ľͻɲǰﵱһ
˵ڿ಻ԡ½һ㶼ͬ(qng)㡣
Ŵżֳ˵ǰҽһΪʯ˵в׾ͷһжںء
½ҲʮֵƲۣӲۣҪȥһǧȫв
Цһжѭ¾Ҫۣ
ʯȡ˲˵ˣʹòӦŲǰ;ߣһȻĵ·Ϊû()ҲǱӦ
ǰҲôġ½ͷ
½ٴȥżңżҵ˶Ǹ(r)(qng)
ʵĸҩЧ̫ˣ˫־ָ÷ǳãѾָ˰ٷ֮ʮңżҵ˸еľѣЧ̫ˡ
ҲҽȻܸȴи
꣬ΪҩƳɸҩ
ú־ܳ׻ָҲˡ
˫Цһָĺܺãл
֮ǰ̸ֺ꣬һ嵥һЩ߼ҩģֵ͡
ɱܼħƻݱҲ㲻ʲô(qng)ĵףһٱһ
ٿˣЦЦ
ʣĴʦҵ˫ָֻĺܺãҵרҽܼһĴ˭Ƶģܸ𣿡
˫ֳƺúżһ֪Ҳػصһħƹ˾ϰ࣬Ժܶ˶˭κĺ档
˵ԣ
ãҾ͸ҲϣôӦùΪ֪Ȼû̫ϧ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~Ԫ~~


1681.1681 Ҳ˭Ů


1681 Ҳ˭Ů
żҺֱȥƼҡ
Ƽһ˾۲͵ʱ䡣
߽ͱԼҶһץס
һ㶣ſЦŵϲԸҺܿͻõܻˣ
Ҳ㶣Ϳˣ㶼ûΪҰء
żĶ£ҿŮλöһ룬˵㽫ԼĺӣûҾȹϲˣ
ԭˣҶ㻹ῴռأץ֣Ȧһ¾ͺˣܳɹ϶㣬Һлл㣡
ԭûбϣˣ֮ǰ˵Ϊ(i)һǵĺӣܻܲ˵
ԴϻΪϹ()壬Ĳ漣Ļ˺ӡ
е£ͥҽһ飬ֻкǾϲһ
ϹҲͲ¶ǽСˣԽȦԽ죬ȫǸ˼ģͬʱҲĺܸмֶŮ
(qng)Ȧ˵ĶοջУ(qng)̫ܲˡ
()屾Ͳ̫ãȻôʱȫָˣĻЩ죬Ҫ(qng)߶̫󣬻յġ
ô˵һ(qng)˺ܶ࣬ȻһֻӣЩĵʣ֮ǰ̫ˣʲôӰɣ
ֻҪ֮ƺ(qng)˶û¡
ڵģֵһΪһ̥裬֮ͻò٣ֻǸעĻҪע⡣
ų׷Ц˵лл
һˣôǺϲġ
ʱƷŵں𣬡Ǽģ
Ǻټʧ̬
Ʒһۣ˵㲻һ
ƷϴʱҲȾһЦݣҲ
ĵĸ̾͸л
ʵôǿ󣬿ܹһ(i)˵ĽᾧǺܸ˵ġ
رԴӷֻˣŷ·˼ֳ꣬
Ʒվ()ЦȻˣҲ˭Ů
ɩкӣҲΪǸˡ
ƷʧЦNɪģ
Ʒ߹Ҳ˭ֶŮҼ
ֶŮҽҲˣɩžȫһˣⶼĹ͡
ƷԼҵܵһģûİһۣһȥʲô£


1682.1682 Ҳ̫˰


1682 Ҳ̫˰
һжƼ˵ǺϢүӺ̫̫ҲܸˣһĿ
һ˿޵ģƺҲ֪ǸüʻĽ
вٺŵǧæЩģܲζ
ôģɲ¶֮ɫĶԶĸϲ
һ²ûƼ˶֪ˣϢҲ˳ȥ
ǵĺ̫̫Ƕ˾ǿ֪(qng)ģһ첡ģǶܶȥ̬ǲУھȻˣ
һֱûлϺӵĺŹǣ̲ס֪ԭһֱڰҵĲѾκˣҲʹС
Ҷû뵽ֻ׳ľƣȻƲС
Ϣȥ̫̫֮ºҶӵ˲Ժ̫̫Сǵĵ绰Ҫѯʾϣæһ
Ʋе(qng)(r)Ȼûȥ˫ָֻϢˢˡ
ǻǱȽģȽŵħƻ´ʦֻϧ˫޷ټҵò˶ź
û뵽һħƹ˾Ĺٷǲȴһǲʾ˫Ѿָع˾ħƻϯʦ
Ϣ羪һ㣬ըը
ڴҷ׷ײ²⣬ôͻȻȫָǲ˭κõʱǲˡ
ħƻ´ʦ˫ֵһֱңллĴʦƣһָҲһ(i)ְҵ
ͬԽκ(qng)˵ȥȫлɣ
żŷ˺żֵҲ׷׷ǲʾл
ŷӦԭ˫κõģҲ̫˰ɣ
Ʒ￴żҵǲҲ̲ס(i)ˡ
ͬһǲ
ҩʦƷŮ
Ʒڼ״ʾҲһǲֶŮģ
ʱںͺǾۻᣬǲ󣬶ʱ
ĺǺһȫǲԼֶŮʹ(r)ȰҪģ
ȿȣҪǻǵģҲ䰡
Ʒ￴Լҵܵܽ࣬
Ӧøеõ۵ĵܵҸϱˣȻԼȥһŮ棬ʡõŮ
˵ǲҲǵ(r)顣
һȺ˺šưְ̫ůˣ̫ϲưְˣ̫ˣ
Сʱ~


1683.1683 Ҳͦ


1683 Ҳ(ͦͦ)
һ((co)co)׵Ĵҽ
ֻţһĴ嶼в취ţæ
ƼҵȻҲӵ˺ܶ绰
үֹһѵĵ绰һ˵Щϼһ淳֮ǰ춢ҵľƺȣֶҪŮβŮɲЩܼС
̫̫ô˵ҲһĿ͵˰ɣҿǷˣУȽϵĲЦ˵
ͷԽԽȥˣȥŮͷ˼ҷѹֺö˶ˡ
үһҭɿһǲŮбҲŮ
˵Ůҵף춢ȥȫҼûôУвһĽﻹӵ²ۡ
̫̫ûһۣˣǺһֵģСȥ(to)ˣ
ϼһﻹˣ
˵䣬үӵնˡ
ĽӦ
ԭֱĻѾܶ࣬ȴΪ˫(r)ٴ
Ҫ˺ܶ࣬ҲӴ˲١
ЧǺģΪλ˵()ǾȻҲ½С
Ʋвӳ
˵ľƲвԼ׳ơ
ɢԤҲֻмˡ
Ƕլסţ䱸˱ȽȽҽ豸ʱȥҽԺ
ڻ԰ţܼʣС㣬ʯݷãҪ𣿡
£ʯˣ
һ˾³ķˣܼҽܡ
ô˵֪˭ˣУȥ
ǣܼȥػ
诵ʯ㣬ǲΪβ
Цʮ**ǣ
㲻ῴɣ诶Լû˽ġ
ͷᣬҾǺȥʲôŮ̵ɷˡ
ָ̻ò֮Ŷþޡ
ЦҺһҲ(ͦͦ)ġ
һȥ˴žͼһӺݻȥʮŮš
Ӻݻ󣬿ȴƫᣬЩ̫ŵĸо
Ȼĺܶ˶ϲС׻ѵΪǵģʲô˳ǣ


1684.1684 ۾ҲϹ


1684 ۾ҲϹ
߽ȥҲ˹
û()һЦкĴʦã
Ž£Цʣʯ£
ҲûȦӣĴʦ˵ҽܸҪȥΪҶӿ
˵룬̸ֹȴһԽС
ɳϣ˼
û뵽ȻܾüͷĴʦҪʲô꣬ǻ׼ģϣͰæҶӵĲ
üʯˣѵ˵ĻҶ԰һ㶼ûȤڻǵʱûңֲŰ֢
ɫ˱䣬żּ񣬡ĴʦҶڻ㶼ΪǸ(())˵ûϵ㲻ΪƵĻǲ()Ҳ̫խ˵㣿
ʯҿǶţȻҲӣɵö
رһ()ϰ̱һһ()ŭ۵
Ҫ޷κãô̳еһ˾޷ܵģǿǷܶôꡣ
Ц˼ƣǾ()խ
ЦЦĴʦһ()ģϾ㻹ƼҼŮء
ЦŮ˾ȻҪ°ܣƾ()ӰƼҵ
ԷҪʧˣͻǿԼˣƼҲǡ
ĵҪʯʧˣҾôСۣرҵ()ӣûжʯϼţӦþҪлˡ
㣡һҭһߣ㲻Ҫ̫ˣʯȥ̧㣡
䳰Ҳ̫ԼˣһСλģΪŴ縻ˣǾ󸾣㻹Ŷء
ƼҲӭʯˣɣѾˣϲ̨档
ʯ³Ϲģû˼
Ѿܶû˸ǰСˣ˵ǹˣɫѿ˼㡣
ƼҵĽҽˣҲ֪(())˲Ϊӳ֣ûȥ취վ()˵
δ˵ѹСССʯ˵ĽҲˡ
һ޵˿Էʯǲǿ̫޵õ壬ŻС˸Ȥ۾ҲϹ
ò˱ü̫Զˡ
ԷɫŤ£Ҫ诿ڵܼңͿͣ
ˣֵ˷ʱӦԡ
Ǹҵţ
һ()Ŀ˿ˣŲŸ߸Ь첽뿪һŹ˵ģˡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1685.1685 Ҫץ


1685 Ҫץ
ԽԽֱȥҽԺ
߼ڣʯһޱ(qng)ſ컨壬ڲԶɳϡ
ڵѾûʼһѾʼҪɿݵĻϻ࣬ȻǱֹ
߽һۿٵĵͷ()ҪٴڸС
ʯ¶һ˿ϣ裬ȥ𣿡
ƣҪȫֻǸŮˡ
ɫѿ˼֣ˣܾˣһͨ
ʯɫ()ѣ⵹ķ񣬱Ͼʱڻǵ
һƳɳŵ㣬֮ǰ̲ܵס뷢
ǿ첽߹ȥһѾסͷǼ˹ȥ
(())ˣҶӶ㺦ģҪΪ˾㣬ôܱ
ҪǲҲôܲΡ
ԽԽȼǿǼ¡
һ߿һ߶㣬ҴˣҲˣ
ʼֱ׳ķԴҷʱʯĸʰνһ()ȫˣֻġ
Ҫǻǰ˭һָͷʯĸס
ڿ㱻ϵȶ⣬ֻʹ첻ѡ
Ǳʲôǣô(i)ŮˣԼŪģ
Ǻڣ˿ʼԶʱҲӦøš
˵ЩҲûˣ裬ô죿ҵӦֻΡ
ͣſ룬㷢Ϣĸ߲㣬ִѹƼңҾͲǸܲ˼塣
ʯҲһţܾʯҲƼҲʩѹͲЭ
үүԼʯҵ߲㣬Щ˴ӵ绰ӵ绰˶ܾҪүүͣѡ
ƼҲôôѹģûǸ¡
绰ʯĸҪץˡ
Щϲģƽûٿúô˾ȻһһܵĿ죬ֱǶ̲ס
ʯ˵裬ֻаֲֳˡ
()һڸ¡
绰ȥЭɣ϶а취ģˣʯֺ֪ڹĺ䵭Ψһİ취ˡ
۶ӣεԣ
ô˵ҪĶӣΨһĶӣһ᲻ģҰο
˺ܶ绰ϵԷ˰ʯҲŴӦһˡ


1686.1686 Сһ


1686 Сһ
ʯֺ뿪֪ˡ
ڵڶ˾ʼϸ߲ѹһ˾
һ˾ʯ̱³ǣ»ĸ߲ȨʯҲҪʯȨҵĿԡ
ڷĴѹ£ʧȥ˺ü󵥣©ٳ
˼죬请ͽ˲ҡ
ﲻֻҽҲ
诵()徭ĵܺãСʱ˳һӡ
ۿ(i)Сʱʹ࣬۵ĲУӶûпȥοˡ
ֶӱǺͮͮĺӣཱུʮֿ(i)
诵ľܺãһƿ磬߿㣬Ҫӣ
һӲ˶ӲҪϹˣ
״ЦŽֶӵ˹ȥ㣬Сܽ(i)ء
֪㻳ǶӣֽѾȡýֻ
诽ӹӣű۷ཱུĶӣһĶˮǣҼұ(i)ˣ
ȥӣֺӳñȽҲ˼֡
Ҫұʡ
ĿһۣһȥһֲүǱʲôӣһᱨĲҼСŪô죿
ֲүǾͲܱˣûȨ
诱Ƶ˼Ϊӷ
֮ǰ̫ˣҲȺ
͵ӷǶѾ档
ҼС̫(i)ˣ±ֻһᡣ
ƷҲһЦݣͷֶŪ诣ô(i)϶Ǹ˧磡
ĳ࣬⣬Ů
ԼҶӳԭûжٵĵλҪײˡ
һΧŶŪֻͻȻ۵Ŀºɩ岻ԡ
ЦŽӹȥź壬()Ϊħһ׺СһȻĲˡ
ЦСħǺϲ
ҲرϲСһžͲš
ЩޣҲ뱧һӰ
е˽ԹЦŽСһ˹ȥ򱧱
緢ֻСӺãСĽӽӹţ()˶ǽӲġ
ۣŽӹеСһʹ˺ڣȻǸծСħǡ
Сһһޣڳ˶ۻˡ
Ͽ˹ȥСһŲˡ
13~


1687.1687 ´


1687 ´
ֻƼҵһϲ£ү̫̫ƷŷޡƷҲܿˡ
Сһ׵ĳ˴ҵС
Ƚˣ诡̫̫»Ůôޣһ()ͬͻ۴ޣӶ⡣
綼ӵ(ƨp)ˣҡ
ԺӣǾ͸ûеλˡͷվڷĽ䣬̲ס̾
ҲˣԴֻǳʧȥλˣȫڶ()ϡ
һأ屯ߵķ֣ûнأҪӻأ((Ʊ))
Сһ󣬲Ѷǰ̽
üҲ
ԴüʱȥȲ裬Ҳһȥ
˶ŮʣòҲǺ֣()ҲЩƣȻһ֣ȴ˺ѡ
üֶŪֻСһҲϲƯ()()һݡ
ҵ()()ɡü˵
ЦаֻҪ㲻ðˣû
ڵüȥʮң()˫һֳζر
ָ֪ò֮󣬲ܶ൥()ͷ׷󣬻вٺС()Ҳˣһν
Ƭǵƽܸߣ߾͸ˣüʵϡ
Ⱑҵ뵱裬ɲǺ˱üЦ
ԺǸ()()ˣںüϵܺã˵Ҳɻ䣬ҪϲСӣȥҸ˧һ¡
üûЦûȤԼô鷳Ҿϲġ
óüûȤӣҸ˧̸(i)
ָòüرʱʱᱻޣ()̫ϧˡ
üЦģֲ̣ио˧磬ȻҪ̸һ̸(i)ġ
ֻⱲٽˡ
˵ŻܼŽ
С㣬ʯ³ǰݷãҪһ㣡
üʯӣ
ǣܼҵͷ
֪ԷΪʲôģЩþ˵ҲֵģͲˣ
ʯüͻȻ
ͷ֪ܺãʵ˵ǰǸСҹңҾܾˡ
ǾһȥҲЩûмǸϼһˡüϴЦȴûж¶ȡ
Ҳ뿴˼̻ʲôӦ´˵ð


1688.1688 ڵ㣬ǳ


1688 ڵ㣬ǳ
ӣҲҪȥ(r)֡
üһȥ˴
һžͼһȥʮĴţòӢһֳĳʣȴް߰ס
˽ȥʯҲ˹
޲ɷüʱ·ʱͣסֻص˵ʶʱһ¿ˡ
üģ¶һЦݣôÿ
ʯŻ񣬿Цÿһֱôÿ
û뵽üȻƼңܾͲˡ
ǲǲң¿ɺĿ⡣
֪ԼÿҲǸ㿴ģüŮʮ¡
ԴϴǾҲûм档
(i)ˣüԭΪԼ޻˺ѷεʹȴûУﾹûжٲеֻе
ֻԼ۾ȳˣǽ˵ģ˭ʱû(i)һ
ǵģԴ歽ܸʶҲʶüΪһЩ˹ۡ
Ҳ˳úɹ飬лüаæúһֱŲͬ⡣
ڿɳӢȴ˰׷ˣüһ
ʯҼüĳ⣬Ϊ()ӣ(i)Һ޸˵
УܸܵԼԭȥֻˡ
ڻ𣿡̲סʡ
üƳһۣЩУǰΪʲôϲһ䣬Ǻòãǻйϵ
˵ҵȻˣûĵطܵĿʵġ˵ʵ
ǰŷ˳ʱܵĿġ
ʯһҭȴ˻ǷһŰݵЦݣþУ
ǰ²Ҽüڼ̲סٴ˽ȥϾһΨһ(i)δ¹Ůˡ
С㣬뵥ü˵仰
˼Ҫرˡ
δشüȵûʲôҪ˵ģҲûرܡ
㲻ֱ˵¾Уżֲͷ˵
ԭ뿴ʯһ᲻ڵģͻȻúûȤ
Ҳˣλʯ׵(qng)δˣһ(qng)(i)ģԼĵˡ
ǰһǰ̻ʲô˵ģ۾
üҲŲ㹲һңҪɫô죿Ͼǹ߷
׷˿ɶˣ()Ʋۡ˭ǲεᣬ˵Ҳܶ
üžúͬЦǰ˭ҪĹ()һˣǮȨգҸ۵С()𣿡
Ŀһ(qng)ģʯңڵ㣬ǳˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1689.1689 


1689 
ü䣬ʯɫ˱䡣
Щһ̬ϾסΪ(qng)(qng)һֱҲû̫עⱣ
Լ۽ƣް߰ףüָò֮ȴˡ
Ҫվһűüһ֣Īᡣ
һ뵽üҪȥС()ľǵһܡ
Ǽ¾Ǹ⣬֪ˣѵͲԭһ𣿡Ҳ˲ڣֱֱĿüʡ
üòͻȻԽԽ(i)ûб䣬ֻȴҲЩƣ
д(qng)̫óȥ˵ƣ֪ôͺ¹һ
˭֪ôһΣ¾ȻͻˣǸŮȴ͵͵ˣ
Ů˴źеĶӣˡ
͵͵Ľºʯ棬ȴҲüִһͨ((Ʊ))˻顣
˵ڶ˾̨һ֮¾ͽȢ˽š
¶˵Ǹǲüһֱ߹(i)Ůˣһ߹ѵʱںٻˣüҲ
ԭʯ(ͦͦ)ĵģҪ͵͵ĶʯһЩС˼룬ĸӣʯҪȥ衣
ǽҰֺܴĻģʧȥü֮󣬷·ʧȥ˺ܶȤζɫʡ
;ۣʯ˺ʯĸӻͣıQ˾ֱӶʯ뿪ǣ(i)ôھôڰɣˡ
üƳƳܣ̫ˣڻֳ󣡡
Ŷ˵ûȤȥ诿Сˡ
֮ǰһֱǶθ(qng)ͻ޷߳ɽ쿴ʯҺͻȻʲôˡ
ôӦٽʱ˷ϣҲٿݣе㷸ġ
ǳ׽ѳһ֮ǰһ֪ˡ
ôһҲкôģðҺʯ̸͹ǡ
üվ()Ÿ߸Ь()欵ĳſȥ
ʯҼҪߣ̲סվҪȥץĸ첲ȴסˡ
ʯƼңҪûʲô£ҲͲˣ˵
ʯ£ֻĿüʧ
Щǰܵ£˼֡
С㣬ҽæȥΪʯģ㾡ᡣ
ȻǸӷǽܹΨһѪ䲻ܡ


1690.1690 ر


1690 ر
ʯԽԽۡ
ЦЦǰһ̻Ҫǰ޸ϣһ̾ͿʼΪСĶҽʯ(qng)ʥ
ʯұɫѿ˼֡
ụ̈Сƾʲôǰ˵Щ
üȫ()ԾͷųѹС㣬ƼҾôԳҺü(qng)ûϵɣñǰ˵ʲôõĻ
üͲӦúЩ˻һ𣬷ˣȥʲôС()
Ҳ˲ɵöǨŭϡ
ߣʯô磬ȻƼ۸Ůδ˵һߴ
žͼƷƷ˽
ʯǲǻˣҽôţ㵱Ƽҵ𣿡ƷڳĿʯҡ
Цк֣壡
Ʒߵ()£ĵʣ۸ˣ
ղܼ˵ʯŮһ۸Ů͸ϹˣȻ˶ԷĻ
ίͰ͵Ŀָ״ѹѹңƼûн̺ңԼҪ󲻵ԭ¾Ǩŭҡ
Ʒһ֣ʯͷŵѹʧʯаôϼһˣ۸Ůҡ
һΪϲУҲ䵱ŮĳҲ̫߿ԼˡƼҾôŮģ㲻Ҳӱšȫͬͷѹʯѹȥ
ƷһԲ䣬ǣʯʲô⣬ҲҵƼš
ʯԭһ壬ȫΪʯҴ˵һ˾ŸˮǴ߳Ϊһġ
ʵǵ̣ƼҵĶһ㡣
ʯҲǸʮߣ۸ֶŮ
Ʋ֣һҵŪ˽С
ʯû뵽ƷֵôʱԷѹѹţ˶ˣ֮ǰŭҲϨҲ侲
ҽ첻ҲģҾСȥʯǵһѿȴ򲻹Ʒر
üҾҪȥ֮ǰѾ߹ǸСˣʯڻǲϵ鷳ҲʥĸûҲͲˣǻȥΪ̫˰ɡ
ֻҪ֣Ը⸶󱨳ꡣʯұһСŵ˵Ƿݱиɻȡһ¡
һӾǸˡ
̧̧°ͣ㿴ȱ𣿡
13~


1691.1691 ̫ô۸


1691 ̫ô۸
ƷϲԼŮģ
Ц㿴Ƽǲǵ㱨ģʯҪ֪֮
ʯɫͻȻֺ죬ȻˣҾͲˣ
֮ǰ˵Ʒǳ(i)ŮһŷִŶġ
Ҳѹô⣬ȫƷݳģ()ĸеܵˡ
Ǹüͽغίɡ
Ҫ֪룬һһŲίϲģϼһﲻ͡
˵ʦҲŰ()ӣϼһôҪأվ˵ۡ
ƷһʯߣŮǲֵܳģԺ󶼱ˡ
Ҫǻɱʯͷˡ
ƼҵĵϣƷòվ()Ϳ첽뿪ˡ
ְ䣡Ʒĸ첲ҡź
ѹʯ()ӣɲǾŴʯңӲġ
ƷЦͷ˭۸㣬Ǻҹȥ
ƷҲ˹ǣʯ̫Լˡ
һ˾ңȥһѻ𣡡ƷƷڵ
Ʒһ׵ı(qng)Ҳôġ
һȥֶŮú̸̸ָһƱ
ʯҿܶû뵽һ뿪ƷＸ˶Ź뽫쵽һ˾
Ҫ֪ˣڻѪƼЩ쵰̫ô۸ˣ
ְһᣬȥӷ
üĵʣˣ
ЦŽղŷ(qng)˵һ飬ˣϾǸ
üЦһǼһﲻϱˣԽԽûˣ
ҪңڼʱĶôУͷЦ˵
üͬţҾҪȥף
ϽŮȥݼȾơڿʼŷˡ
ڵڶ˾ȫˣûк͹˷ʱ䣬ڡ
诰һۣҲȥĲҰɡ
˵Դӻ֮ûгȥhiˡ
ü˵ӣСһﶪӣҴȥhi
˵⻰ʱ˽
һͷߣͻȻԼŽѲ
ϣüĸӺ½һȥݼ档
һߣƷҲԼ˷һȥݼһԸʯҵ(qng)


1692.1692 Ҳϴϴ۾


1692 Ҳϴϴ۾
ݼſˡ
ԼŮ۾һҲˣҲԼ𣿡
߹ȥЦΪڣûУǺ̳ȾƵġ
֣˽ܣδ塣
正轪̣½ѽܸʶ
߹ȥȺüкʦ
λã
üЦЦ⼸˵ͽܣôɣ
Цһ˲ţ˧ֺãܰ䣡
һͲôα忴žǸõġ
úҪ֪뷨ôһܿˣǶǵԹ̫󣬿ǲ˳۰ˡ
歺½ҲЦſޣٺžһأ
忡Ц۵ģлʦ̡λ佱
Ʒ߹һٳҪҭסˡ
Ȼˣһ𣿡
Լ˼ѣҪܸǡ
ҪٽŮȥЩһ϶˵ġ
νüʣǵ˼أ
ǺȾƣ⣡귢ֺЩ˵˵Լ·˲١
֮ǰüĸ;˷˺ö()
üǰϲȴͻȻϲ(r)ˣðǾһ𣡡
һ˽ݼ
ıȽʱУһĨ()ȹԵһ()еζ
üһͬĨ()ȹҫ۵õ壬ˡ
ҲСŮ½ȻòǣȴӢϷ˧磬һž˺ܶ˵
òԶúͺϵĺѣҲһ˽һ
ŽĴ磬Լüһüͷɵ塣
Ů˲û죬Ȼ(qng)ˣ˵Ĳ
껹ûɷݵ(qng)ú岻֪֮ǰôãܾŮ˻(i)
Ҳú壬ź䵭װʶƿĿ⡣
꣬ôˣú̲סڣŲˬ
ͣסŲƳһۣ(ƨp)£
㣡úɫ˳
ԱߵüɨɨúһۣǸǰ򣿡
ǰȻˣǻ̧ڱǰ˻ӡ
üͬ˵ţʯһֳǻ
ȥмС˧źȾۣüĴú()ƿĿ⡣
չһЦζʮ㣬ðҲϴϴ۾
˸߹޵֣ͬһ˵ݣڵòٺڵú壬Լһεĺ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~жʧȥ˲Ż~~


1693.1693 ܲմ


1693 ܲմ
˽˵ݣϿú塣
֣Ҫʲôһ㶼ûнȻѾ˻飬ûסϰ()
úеƳһۣ죡
ղűŮû˳أͶ
һļ̣û˵ʲôȴú(ͦͦ)ģһȻϧ
ȥɣѾðˣú彫ѿɫԼλЦ˵
ã룡Ҳʮ㡣
ݼĶ¥䣬Ʒһ˽ȥļѾˡ
ôλŮһЦǺǵģк
ȻҲǴͣɲʲôС˼һü͹Ǻһġ
ʮߣһԲϾܽ˴
ܴɳҲкü顣
ü˽ȥ֮ȥ˴һɳ¡
ƷڣеþüɳϣŮʮ㡣
Ʒڸ׼˵һλѾȿˣҽ㣬ݼľ̫һˣҪȺþƵҪ
ԴϴκƷóľƣһֱأ쿴ܲմ⡣
ǰ̳þƣǽ첻ݣ˸塣
üüǵ˰ɣǾƿɲʺǺȡ
֮ǰ˵ˣľ׳ĹЧǲҪ׳
һͷߣ(qng)׳Ѿ̶֪ĵزˡ
ƣɿһŵﵹ˲ٺƣǺȲ
ԴħľƷʱӳɺ˺ܶţ׾ơƶС
ȰǻûȹľءüȤʮ˵
½Цǰүү֮ǰΪľƣȥүǱ߲˺ȣҲ볢
үү֪ϵãƻȥȣֻûӦ˼¡
ħóʮƿƸƷߣ˼ƿǼ˺ȣ˵ľˣ
໣󷽣٣Ʒڵһе
Ʒڵ˵ɼˣӵľǿûٺȣһȺҪĻ쵰
ÿȾƶٿѵĸһ㿴˼һ¾ʮƿ
ǣģúֶŮѧѧ
ƷͻȻЩڸղһ䣬ôҪȺ˵̣ˣʹ
ûкȹĺء


1694.1694 Ů˺ÿ£


1694 Ů˺ÿ£
ĺƣʹõȫħֵģҲ˾̺ͬζ
þƣ
ľƣζǰ
Һȹõĺƣ
Ʒڵһ̲ס
ƷҲһƷţǵȻˣҲ˭ҵֶŮ
ڣܻܲһ䣬˼δء
ǣҪľ𣬺˼𣿡
Ϊʲô˼ֶŮĽġƷһǾͼҰɵģ
˵һǶƷĽʺޣNɪ봸ˡ
ѹּүӶ˵үӣҲһ뷨
ЦŵҲ˭ϱ
СҲǸƤģθڣһƷڵû뵽ôһ䣬ǾϲֺŲġ
ܿͺƷڵѴһƬ粻ʱĲ弸䣬Ҳ˽ȥ
˺Ⱦ⣬ǽ̸⣬Ȼͽìͷָ˵һ˾ҪôһƱġ
һߣüҲںȾġ
Աߵķͬ־Ҫôһ˾üеЦŨŨѧȻûʧ
һٱ
Ҳ׷׾ٱˡ
ԵһϹ˾ʲô𣿡üԽʡ
Ŀɳϣֻ߹Ĳ˹èҾֱȥ»ᣬȻų́
ԵһϹ˾û̫ȤҪԼҵҾֻԼˡ˻ξƱ˵
һЦԵһϹ˾ûȤɶԹ˾Ĳϴʦ(ͦͦ)Ȥģʱᾡǽǵġ
һϹ˾üǣ̫ˣ鷳ûڵǽǡ
ͷ⣬ϾһϹ˾üŪøѾˣֹʲôģ鷳
֮ǰҪҪɷʱ˵˵üҵ״ˡ
ֱӽ˾ϴʦ͹Ӧ̵ϸ磬ֻҪǸ¾ǽǡ
ҪִƵһϹ˾üʡ
ҡҡͷȽų́ȻҾͽɷȫһֹࡢҰĶ£üҺúöһ
Ƕò࣬ٷųüҺ͵һϹ˾һЩϣҲͲˣ
ЦʱһϹ˾壬ǵһҲλˣʱɵ塢Ҿ뿴üҵ˴ƶ䵽̶
ݣϲüԽĺͣҵҲӦѧѧġ
ֻǽ˵ڶ˾Ǹд̨룬͸ѧһֱһ˾Ȼʯи̨ٽ˾Ūˡ
ԱŲСͬ־ǳ˳ǣͻȻŮ˺ÿ£
13~


1695.1695 ˭ôı


1695 ˭ôı
ڶ죬һϹ˾üɶҪٿɶᡣ
úĪЩҪʲôˣ
ɶϣλQĹɶʣٿɶᣬʲôҪ(qng)𣿡
ö㲻֪Ѿչǹ˾ٷ֮ʮߵĹɷݣ콫»ᡣ
λɶζĿúЦЦ˾Ķ³ܾ֮Ͳˣ
úɫ˱䣬ǾȻ˰չɷݣ
˵ĻϾǹɶᣬֻЩţ˭ôı£չ˳Ĺɷݡ
λɶЦö⻰̫ˣǿûϱ˰չɷݣҪǸ£Լˡ
˵λɲˣöѵ֪˭չ˹ɷݵģŻһת
úһֲõĸо˼ǣʶˣ
˼תת˾µĹɶһ飬üҵ˶ûзŹ
ȴʵ벻˭ô
öȻ֪ǲĿǰĹɶɣĹɶҲٿġɶЦ˵
úҲ뿴˭ڽģðǾλɶɡ
˵Ĺɶն˷һϢһĹɶ¶˿ϷȻѾ֪λɶ˭ҲúɫѿǷݲŨ
ܿ죬ҵıװıƿһŰɫְҵװһ()ʵĽ˽
һĹɶվ()Цźͽк
΢Цףһһվ()к
ú常ڿֺ󶼴סˡ
ȫţνͻȻðɶȻļĸ
ôܣԲܣҡҡͷš
úĽҪǿҲһֲſ꣬й˾ٷ֮ʮߵĹɷݣ
߹ȥֱú壬ǰʲô𣿡
ôɷݣú벻ͨĵط
£ЦݣȻʮչˣöòûʲôϵɣ
ȻҵĹɷĿǰ࣬Ժþˣǽ
üĿڳĹɶһ飬ƵЦʣλΪأ
ǵȻģ˭Ĺɷ˭³ͶµĹأֽ֧ȺúаĹɶһ޳ɡ
Ĺɶ׷׾֣Ҳֽ֧


1696.1696 


1696 
ú忴ڳɶķӦﻹ֪Щ˽¿϶ͽˡ
ɫ࣬ĶŽ꣬ʲô˼
ȻǸ̨˼ˣѾû𣿡깴
㣡úһҭܲʵ
ǲɵ÷̬ȣһںֵģҪΪ(qng);ܳҪù˾ЦСꣿ
С꣬ŹֶĵġĿúԼ̫ҪˣΪʲôҪΪ(qng)ġ
ֳģҲԴü˵ֳúҲͻȻָо
ۣĻйɶ̲סЦ
ʵú岢ûн˵ôţֵֻÿ˭ƽһ߸ϵģһ㶼
ڱǰ޸̨ڴҲǻã
㣡úŤ㲻Ҫ̫ˣ
Цŵ䣬þǹ˾еְҵҪ˽õɶ˵
Ϊأ
˵ĶԣüҳֹɵļԼúˣĹɶ´(r)֡
ЦþܲİȻǹ˾Ĺòλ
֮˾(qng)ҲͲٷˣ
ú壬óһļһŮܲõƣʽᣡ
ɶҲϣĿ˻ᣬԹ˾Ĺµİš
ԭ²λñ⣬ȥһòְ
ǿƵĽüҰٷ֮ʮְλȫӮɶһº
üҵȻϾ
ú£ֱôıڽ˶˳ȥ
׼ʮ꣬ǳĳ֣һϵеĶ׼ֺֿݡ
úûκηֻܽܣûѪ
û뵽ϸ»(i)Ůôͱһôܺ(qng)⻹ǵһֱõǸŮ
ԭһܲʵ
»ȥҽ꣬ȴıסˣĶ³칫Ҳˣװʹãð
һϹ˾߲Ȩ£Ҳ(r)ţ(r)ͷøҵĸ߲ûӦ
üĵڶ˾ҲʼŶ»ң˾ݺݵĴѹʯңʯܾλ̨ʯ³ĵλҲпܲ
ٺŵĵ˶̲ס̾Ů˺°
һЩͬϹ߳ĺ̫̫򼤶ˣ־Ҫüѧϰǲú
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1697.1697 Ҫ췴


1697 Ҫ췴
ڽü£˽»йϵǣǳ⣬С
üѪǻƽضһ¥һŮ()˾ֲǹ󸾻ƽŮ()ֻҪ룬ͨ˶Լ롣
()Ů()ѻŮ()Ů()ֻҪƷû⣬Ͼͨᡣ
ҪƷߵС(qng)֮ͳͳûʸᡣ
˽⣬á½歶ü˾ֲ˼ǱȽϳŮҵң£ӢŮʦҵȽ㶥ʮŮ()ֲ֪һ¾ˡ
ֲĿںžŮ˲˲
ܿ죬ϰٵĺŹ󸾺ͺС롣
һһȾƣһȥҰ̽աΣһѧϰһЩܣ⿡ֹ廨ڡ졢ҩħƻȡ
һЩƽŮ()Ҳ˽
üͽǱȽϳɹеŮǿˣûϹ֮ǸɻԾġ
ǽӴһЩҲʼųС
С(qng)Ǿ͹ɡ
ԭûм̳ȨȴйĺСǣҲΪʲôŮ˾ҪĲ˼
ģüϹ飬ھֲӢʦŵİ£õӴĲƲ
Ŷűңԭûм̳ȨС㱴ޱɹĶ˱ҵļ̳Ȩ»ᡣ
үүֶӣȴǸ(())竣ֻ͸ӣ˽ӱҲϣȻһѡ
СүүͰְ־ͽ統̳
ѧ˽ڣѧҵ˹˾۶⻹ǶڶΪһƬ졣
˭֪ȻһС׻ΪǶС׻ӣС׻
糹׼̳й˾ȢС׻ź󣬱ҾԲ()֮ء
һ֮(qng)˵磬ߣҲãôãΪʲô͵õֻر
Եɺ֮¼˾ֲʶüǺŷŮҲԺǿƣҲܻú⡣
ʱǴ˼Ѫһص˾˽ϵɶʵ˵үӣ֤Լ޳ȥţɹ˹˾̳ˡ
λС׻Ŀ
糢˼伲࣬С׻Ż
ȦΪŮ()ǱȽ־һӡ
Ÿ౻ѹŮ()ͬǿʼҲúԴǾˣ
ôȺŮǲǷˣҪ췴ŶеΣ


1698.1698 ʵܲ


1698 ʵܲ
죬ʯһ٣ǷһͣڲҶ
ˣ֮һ˾ʯܾλñûסȥʯҵס
źûйʯѿɫͿʼߡ
Ϲ˵ǵĶ(qng)ԽԽˣ˾Ҳɶǰѳ֣취
ʯһ࣬ʲô취(qng)ǹ˾(qng)ļǸöԼģ
ΪʲôôǽģúԼС͸ʲô˼롣
ҹܲˣҲˣ
óһЭǰ˵㲻ҪϹɣ
Ӷüٹʯ͹˾
üŪ˸ʲôŮ()ֲǵĲٺŸСǶˣٺҵļ绰ܹü
һֱԹͱӣ˼úû£ԼŮ˶ܲãŪһа
ô죿üأɶԷͲ
ҪǹܵǸŮˣ³
úҪǹܵ˽꣬³λöߣĿǰֻϳһϹ˾ˡ
ڳ˺()еҷϵӣ޲Ҹضȥˣ̫ˣ
ȴ(())ԽԽü޷ˣͺķҵһй㡣
µɴ۾һŵģʲôҪ飿ôҲͬ⣿
ʯ˵ҹͬͬ⣬첻ǩĻһʦ㣬붨ˣ
¾֪˵ģ̲ס˹ȥһӣǲֵüǸ(())ˣָò()ֶˣǲҪҾԲͬġ
žʯһȵڵء
(())ˣøҪ㣬ôԲü(qng)ô飿
ʯһƻҺüļͥǾҪõ׼
ü˻飬ܽڶ˾ȴУֻ˵˿
ߣ붨ˣĿһ£ֱ뿪˷䣬û
ȻԼͬ(i)(qng)ҵʧúȥȾơ
ݼ˺üѣûüɣԷͶһȼ
üͽ£ȫֵͷϣ˵ĳ裬̲סͶԷһܡ
Ȼ(r)ѣȫǱ壬˳˱ʰеĵ䷶ҲΪ˺
ߵﶼյ()ͬǵԹŮ()ͬǵıӡ
ʵܲˣ׷ȥǶͷ
13~~


1699.1699 ǽ


1699 ǽ
Ů()ֲӣҲ
һרŰЩѵĸŮŮͯ
ҪģֻҪֲͨ߾ͻȡʩ
æѴ˾ӵĸȨй
صҪΪŮ()һµļֵۣܹǿҡ
ֲѵγ̣רΪʧҵͥҪҹȴûһ֮Ůṩ
һʱֲŮ()ͬǵ()ͬ־ĵط
Ҫֻһľֲ־ͽɱҡ
ɾֲŮǣԽԽǲˣüꡢ¡һʡ͵ĵƣҲǸǵġ
ºãվӴƼҡƷڶ˾λĶ³壬һ֧һսӡҵ¹硣
ǲ()ȥƷ籧ԹǹܹԼŮˣܱܲųüΪŰˡ
˶ԷһǾúܺðֻҪԼϱģǾԶ֧֡
ֲУͲŮ()ǿǷùŮ˸
Ҳһں()ͬԶԣ˵Ի·Ժǲһ
Ҳ˳˺ɷ򡢺˵ĵ䷶
Ʒ߳ȥȫһҼı֣ûϹ˵۾()ͬҧгݣ޲ȥ(to)
ЩŮΪʲôԽԽͷɲ˳ô
֮诺ĶҽԺ
Сȫѱһ飬ֻֻɫСԼš
Ů()ֲṩ˾ҵλʧҵŮȥҽԺ¡
˴ѱ࣬ΪŮ()ͬṩѧϰһ֮
Ҳǣھֲ⿰ࡢҩͻ࣬˺üλ츳߹¹ѸŮȥ޵ҩŲϰࡣ
ֻҪ㹻ŬҪǿģѵǶΪ˾ҵλ
ᳫ齨һͯרͷֶͯ
˺ü׳ƺݾƣȫ֧
ǽüһͯᣬ(to)ѧУרҵܰ࣬ǵܹһ֮
ȫ¶ȱŰĺӡ͵󣬳סѵġ
һʮ꣬ҪסҪȥѧϰһרҵܣṩѣú()
Ҳ㲻档


1700.1700 õϢ


1700 õϢ
ֲ漰ķԽԽ㣬õ˴ҵһº
ѾֻԸŮֽͯϻᣬרΪ¹Ѻṩ
˲мᣬԲмʿṩѵҵȰ
ᣬ()ȴûǮҽεṩ
ȫģԴӵõҵк󣬾ϲơ
ֻ֮ǰǽ࿴ˮõĴ󲿷Ǯ˳ȥȴüֱӽᣬҪˡ
Ϊ˵()ݣҲǺܶģƷ˾ʹͷһ󲨡
ֲеĻҲȫ˹͸ʽרŵǲÿһʾ;ȫʾ
ҲþֲԽԽǵĺȨͬ־ǲòϣЩŮ˻е㱾µġ
ҲΪֲ(qng)æ¡
ӵѰĵ绰ȥ˲Һ档
ҺѰѾ˺ü衣
緢Ѱüæ
ЦǰŪֻᣬæҲܳʵ
Ѱ֮ǰץ׳ȥֲΪЩŮϹΣʹ˲ٵطȥͯ͵ᡣ
⣬塢硢ޡ覵ȶץ׳ƾָջָ⣬ɼֲжæˡ
ص㲻㻹Ҫȥһǵܲ𣿡
ȥ豭һڣ֮ǰ̫æˣûڳץء
ᶼ棬ǿȥһǵܲˡ
ѰæŰ˼ǵ(qng)֪ǶûΣգŷȸȥæ¡
Ϣ˵㲻ϺáѰɫ
״˵ɡ
һȻɼҼŪˣɵһǵѾʹòݻٵնˣȡ˴ϣò˶ãҵ涴Ϣ
ҵһǵߣֳһ»أѡ˾Ӣսţڿչѵȳ涴ҵǽֱӿǰͼս
üǻȷʵ鷳ôҪϿȥһǵܲһ⡱
ڶϢأʡ
Ѱʼ˵ڶϢλͬĸֵܶˣ㱻ץȥһǵ֮Ҫ׷㣬Ҫͻ취((Ʊ))()Ϊá
ĸֵ()սթʵģҲǶͷǰǿߡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1701.1701 ڿҪ


1701 ڿҪ
ЦЦĿѰ
ڶõϢôйذɣȻǻһңԾԼɲԡ
ѰʧЦȷʵӦҵأȥμӻǲμֱǿˡ
ɫ䣬СֻҪҵĶǶ
Ȼ㲻ҵģȴҲﵽңҪǽǡ͸˵()ӡ
ƵĿ۸
һ֮ǰ()ӻһҪصı̬ѵСʱ۸ˣ
ȻɣһһǼӱ⳥ʧѰԼݣԱ˸ݡ
̳ȨߣѵǣѰһҪ˵һǵţе͵ƣɵ³嶯
ѰĵЦЦûУ
ҲǱˣһۣصùģ֪𣿡
ԵһǵŵƿȺܴ󣬶ٿ϶֪ЩġѰ䡣
֪ˣȥ˵һǵţΪǵֵܣͽԼȥˡգգۡ
Ѱ˵ɣ
ôľˣ˸ָ㽫Ҫץҵ˻ߣһݣҸץҡ
УѰҲҪܲȥ£㷢㡣
ߣ׼Ѱʡ
ʱ˿һɣȴߵ(qng)
Уץʱǵ÷ϢҡѰ
˵һ÷նװһ׷㷢λʱʱ֪ҵλˡ
ֵλҲʱȡ
ãѰͷ
ļ͸뿪
ߵ¥£Ѿ¥ˡ
Ϊţصʻλ
ǲǷʲôˣЦʣûµĻѰһ㲻ᵥԼĳȲ衣
֮ǰѰ̸º˵˵һҾ뿪ʱʱ㱣ϵ
֣⼸Ҳ¹˾(qng)һսӰβ档
ʲôҿԽӦ㣡
ҪǵһǵŲץһȥ
Ц̧첲˲֣ð
취ǾȳÿԽߡ
ЦӯӯĿ˵νΣǾͽɣ
óԽһֱĽҲʱתˡ
⻰һþˣã
ڿҪѻϹˣü
ˣ13~~


1702.1702 Ͷ


1702 Ͷ
ؼҺֺͼ˵˵¡
Ʒ֪ı䲻ŮľһңҪΪŮ׼󷨷׭ҩһӶͷϵ
Һ˵ˣǱ߻һ֧ʮ˵ľб㡣
½ϵźŷҲϵǽӦ
ãźŶμļ򣬡лл裡
ôƽ(i)§§Ů
ţһģͷ
ƾҲƷһ֪Ҫ뿪ʱҲ˹ҡ
϶Ӵһȥķ˯ؿշ
СһرϲС̣
С㣬ѾܹûΪʵˡ
课õһǵ̶ܲ(Ѩxu)õİȫģԺԼˣһʱ()ߡ
㶣Сңô죿
ЦŵֲʲôΣգһСףѱ֮˱ףʵɲء
С׾ֻ޺Сӡ
ﻹүүͰְǣС㣬ҲŰġ˵
ůůģҲپܾĺ⣬лл㣬(i)ˣ
ȻСţ˼ڡ
ЦͶˣ
Ŵüķɳһ棬üġ
诽Ϊ˵ʶޡ
￴ųģҲȽǡ
ʱȥֲڿΣǵŵ˿Ծ
˽ȴü˵˵ܿʼʧһʱ䡣
Ȼ֪Ҫȥʲôԭе(qng)˹ȥ
һʱǶסլġ
磬һ˳극үӿҪһ棬
£֮ǰȻ˵ȥԴϴ֮ͱչˣҲ˼ȥš
õģүү
үӴȥƼլһԺӡ
ԺӱȽľﻨ㡣
߽Ժžͼڻ԰ʯϣŪһֻ߼
棡үӴǰ
ҲŹк棡
üĿƣ΢΢һЦˣɣ
Ķ档
ӻ֣ʯվŵԾķˡ
ûȦӣʣҪȥһǵܲ
˼д̫ˣ¾(qng)д15~~


1703.1703 ı


1703 ı
Ϊʲô֪£ϰ͸¶ġ
Ȼٺö
ţܾȥʲôҪԸ𣿡
ڽƿԼõҩóݸȥðɡ
ûҩЧ֪Ѿͷҩ츳ܺãԼֱܷ档
ЦŽӹŵռлл棡
һǵܲһҩоܻȥĻһоĻܴĻʹƿ
Ҫû;ǻȥ
һתȻǽܰȫ()ǰ¡
ҪĻʵֵ𣿡ʡ
ⷽĻҩһҩ˾ҲһֱоǷкܶ಻ȶأΪ˰ȫû̫ãǻ취Ľ
յϢһǵǱߵĻǰѾͶʹˣȴڲٵ
ǱҪоķûʹûܵӵܣûսʿ()ʺ;
ۺĿȷʵǺ£ûвϸʹã׶ҲǺܴġ
ܹ˷񣬳ʱʧȥ־Ƿ蹷һ
߾ѣ()ڰһ棬ٳɻ()˸ԽԽࡣ
Ҫǳڷչȥ˵кܴвġ
ҲҲŻȥһҩֱӻˡ̾˿
ǵߺ͵һǵŸ߲йЭ飬ڼϲܸԷʱɴģս
͸󶥼ż岻뿴ģӰҲܴ
˴֮Ĭ͵͵Ҫ͵͵ĻҵĶı£û׷
ʱĹ۲죬ܴ侲ԱʵҲǿԲŻһ棬ȥ
û뵽һǵŪĻ׶ôͷ˵һᾡȥµġ
ˣ(i)ЦٴǿȫҪ¾͵һʱ
ֵݸһ̻һĶΣտüڵһǵܲˣʱġ
򲻵ѣǧáֵ
һˣڵһǵŵ˾͵ñ¶
ЦŽӹţлл棬ף
ܹó⣬˵Ƽ˻Ǻܻġ


1704.1704 Ӳö


1704 Ӳö
ָһЩsҩľ㣬ǳ
Ҫ뿪ʱδ
үӼ״Ц˵ˣ治ָġ
ʧЦˣ֪ʲô˼
СӾҪΪŮȡء
ֿ˵ҪѧϰsssҩʱԺҡ
ͨղŵĽҩϵ츳иá
⺢ȥŪʲô찡̫ˣ
Цõģҵʱһ߶棡
үŸ߸˴Ů뿪ΪŮȡĸ㶨ˡ
û뿪Ǵȥ鷿
ʱ鷿ƷֵѾ棬ƾ
үүк
үӰڰ֣°ɣ
º󣬵˵óһöȥϹʱĺɫƣݸ
Ƽصľսţһ֧פڵһǵܲԶһϡ£ʱȥ
Ƽ()Ϊŵһŵơ
үóƸƷ˼״£ȻЩ⣬ûзԣ(ͦͦ)ͬ
ƷЦҲ׼սŵĵû뵽ȴȿһ
óһӡ£նϷһΰ£ʱԵսš
õġ
ƷݸһϺɫĿsʯģ޷Ƴûսţֻܸһ޽Ŀˡ
ҪʲôԼðգֱӻǮ˰졣
һǵŵǵ(i)ƣǮʹĥ⻨ǧΪʡ˵
Լֹ˾󣬻ͶĲҵ˲ټֵѾ֪˶ٱǱڶ˵һ֡
ĲƲܶԳ˵
үүλһĶԼöůġ
ǵĺ⣬Ҳܾллүү塢壡
壬Ҫȫˢˣ᲻ƲԼЦ
ƷüNɪ˵ȻܴôƸܹˣȥˣҲǺģ
ΪʡɾİܰɡƷŲԼҵܵܿЦŶ˵ƽŲŵ㻨ǮµĻȴǶԵġ
ܹǮƽľͲ¡
Ʒڷ˸ۣ磬ͼҰɣ
֪ģһϲ
ңƷ˲䱻
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1705.1705 ôĲһ


1705 ôĲһ
Ʒһѵĸ߼ҩ͸ֹЧͬķ׭
뿪鷿ƾȥķ䡣
ƾ⼸Ƶĸsħƻ£ȫ
sħƻ£ָĦ̺ܵ
磬ܳ12ˣо̺Ҫְֵһˡ
ƾЦ˵ֻһԵĸоǰ벽̤˽ȥ
۾Ȼ磬̫ˣ
Ǵ磬治Ǵӵʱھţţš
ƾЦͷһȥƼٽһǵܲǸսʱϵ
ŵģȻţɻһ
֪˼еЦСǽöĬĬػԶǣֻдڵĵطǾͻúܰġ
ͷƾļϲ˲䣬ˣ
Ѿͷƾͷ
磬λҪҪΪҸɩֱ()忴ƾдżֵ٩
Ҳ֪ôõĴ磬Ứ˭Ұ
ʱȥμӹǵĺᣬ糴ܻӭСǵϲвչ׷ġ
ǲԼɩӵ()ݣֻҪϲǽþͻϲ
ƾЦã˵ɣ
Ҫᣬûⷽϲʱ󷨺оħƻϡ
ڶ죬Լųȥ˽ľֲ߳Ժ
ȵڲƵĶӿųسǡ
ڻδʱͻȻܻǰ档
С㣬һˣһ
³Ҫǲأ
Ļ䣬ܻϵͷѹȫʮϢҲaƷʵס
С㣬ǽ⣬㸸׾ҲҪʱ䣬ǸʱѾסˣ㻹Ǳη
ӼҪ㣬Ȼ׼
ɢϢľͷſְлʮܻ
Цǻ濴ңɳôӢսӶء
û취ǿɲС˵
ǰҲὫôСѾͷ˭ôྪ˵(qng)ֱܿ(qng)пܳܶ
Ҳǲ˳ֵ׼
ͷллˣң
ôߣҿβ棿ǵĻףʡ
Ϊȴսһܽץסǵ£ôĲһ˵Ůر
СĿС˵賿ĵ࣬ˣдһʣµ15~~д˼ˣȻͻȻдŮa˵ǼУ԰ģ~~


1706.1706 Ϊ


1706 Ϊ
˵ڳ˶ûпڡ
˼ôʶȤǲΪҪߣ
µóǵ뷨ЦʶʱΪܣҴ򲻹ǣҲûҪ˷ѾӲƴ
ˣҾͿ뿪ˣ
ӳüǲʲô()ıһҪߣѾǱܾˣٵ顣
ɵߣһźţԶ£һСͷɵ
Сӳӻﴫ˳һƣȻСôʶȤҲΪ㣬ɣ
΢΢һЦУ
ͥŲƵ˷ɵӣӳҲȥ
ĻսʿûϷɵǻǰҡ
˷ɵ󣬷Ŀռ䲢ǺܴһڿĹɳ
⻹ŵļ෿䡣
߹ȥɳϣŶȻ˻ΣҪȥģ
ӳ˳ǣȥ̫˵㣿
Ǹڻܸ㡣
ɳϣüҪʲôʱܸңѵܺȨǰˣ
ˣȸȣһҲСҪ
ӳ֮ǰһֱǿŮ˿ܻЩѲ֮ǰûôϣȴĪָо
˭ұܵ˻ڵģ
ʱĸоǱܵģǱ͵ģַΪĲԾ
㵱Ȼ֪Ȩȳضһģ
ӳһԵȣûȥݿȡ
Ⱥ趼ȽеƷ÷ɵ׼
ҡҡͷ˳Ŀζԣϲ˹ĥġ
ӳһͷߣǲǻӦøӶһר󿧷ȵӶˣ
ָףĵЦ԰Ҳ⣡
лл㰡
ӳһҭǵһֵűˣûУȵ˵طһ淴ӳ㰲ŵġ
ԼݰɣӿռóȻͿȶЦ룬ɡ
ӳһסҪֿڵĳ嶯Ůе㱻ܵԾ
ߵĶ£ȻĿĿĥȻݡ
ܿһŨĿζӣһԷ룡
ӳǽӹȡ


1707.1707 ܻᱻ


1707 ܻᱻ
ſȣЦһڡ
ְ̧ŪնˣȻϷɵʼźžͱˡ
նԱߵһƯӣһλ˳ȥ
ҷ⼸ƳźֻܹźźͶλܹƵȹܡ
ҪܹĿǰ¼źѰ͸룬sԴʯת
Ҳ˶˸ûз֣ѾԼĶλ˳ȥʱܱ׷ٵ
Ҫɶãʡ
ӳεûڣֱӻصʮң
(ͦͦ)ԶģĿնһۣжն˵źţʮҪôȹҲ̫˰ɡ
ӳ˵űǸȴûУ˼ն˱Ƽ׷ٵλãʮֻίˡ
ŵĺ˿ڿȣǾնͶӰӰҿҵҡ
ȻҪ̫ģһСɵʲôҿɾͲܱ֤᲻˵ע⣬߷ɴС׹ʲôġһ˵һ̧һġ
ֻŲĽ棬ȥһӡ
Ҫл͵ҩȥ֮󣬿õڴˣȻǰ
ӳ״ҷɵsĲģܹĸӡȥôʲô
ӳľѣȴв̫һǸʲôı(qng)ɴĲҲ̫˰ɣҲʮǺܹ֧ŵסռԾ𣿡
ӳͻȻʮܻᱻĸоѺ͵Ļܻܲһ
ģỻǺɴġżҧгݵζ˵
ͷ⻹࣬ȻһΪǿأɴܡ
ӳȥsɵ
Ѿò˵ˣԤУԼҪǷĻŮָʲôء
ֻܽԼն˴򿪣ԼѡӰѡͶӰ
һҪһÿַҪȥĥÿˡ
ϣһǺ˾ķɴʻǣȴ֮һ
һҷɵ˽ȥŽŹرգɴϵ˭ûз֡
ɵ˷ɴǵڷɴ۶ӣǱ߷֣ûб(yn)ȥ
ˣսװʮ˷ɵȻҪ


1708.1708 Ҳǻ


1708 Ҳǻ
һ磬÷ɵϵĳþ㡣
ζܿɵʻյ˶ŵˡ
սʿӶ˶Ҳӷ˳
ǶץľսŻսʿ
Ŀûɹһܲ鵽Ƕϸо
μӹֱĿȫһطţ֪ĳպܺá
ζһ뷨ǲһܳĳգ
ܿ뷨ͱˣΪ˼ûǵġ
õͣصռĵɳλϡ
һ˹ԣһߵĿʣͳ𣿡
ûУһʿˮ˵
ЦŵǾȥԵɣͶ()岻ã
ԼԵĺܻ죬եһ֭
֪ˣŮһǹģ̫ˣ
սȻǳģ()ֻӪ
ɴʳζǶӪһȤûС
Ƴ˶ʮӲŽͳꡣ
󣬶ԶӳʰӺͳɡ
㲻ʰӳãŮԼԶʳҪʰʣĲ̣ҪҪ
̧ϸ۵ֻ˻Σ˫סҩʳģǸִֻģ
ҿģȷҸֻƳ˶ӳһ˵
ȷʵϲʰϴ룬ڵʱɣھͻ˸ɡ
ȻҲûô()ǹӦЩ˰ˡ
ȥʰӳһˣȻһ˵
Ҳ˫ֲǸֻģǵ˫־ǣǶֵӡ
ʰָ꣬Լĥһȣûм˵ķݡ
˸վ͵ϴŨĿζĪľøˣ
رȹȵĶӳʱܱꡣ
ЦŶӳʣɵѾɴҲǣڿԸңҪȥ𣿡
ԭʵģϷȫ(to)
ӳһ㶣ô֪ǽ˷ɴǣ
ɵȫյģ棬նźҲѾθӦˡ
һɵı(qng)ѵ֪ssľþɨһɨ֪(qng)Ҫ۾ն˸Ӧ
ӳûһѪssľ˲𰡣
ðɣôȷʵ˲𡭡
Ҳ뿪ҷɵĳ嶯ǾٴȥҲǻġ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~


1709.1709 黹ǴС


1709 (qng)ǴС
ӳҪѪĳ嶯ɫ
ǵһǵŵھžӢӵĶӳר̵ǣСȥܲ͵ġ
ѾǣҲûʲô
ָɳΣԭҪȥһǵܲͰ
ǺܾȣӳĿ
ЦһΪʲôҪȣֻЩҪȥ֪ˣ(ͦͦ)ġ
ǿҪȥһǵŵܲӳǿ
֪㲻ǿ
ǵһǵŵǵǿ϶ҪȥǵѣⲻǺ𣿲ȥܲΪʲôһҪһ
ӳ˳˳ǣ(qng)ǴСˣ
Ҫǻɱˣ˵ҪȥһǵŻҲҪΪʲôô
ԣ˼֪ǵ
ӳоʣϷɵʱ򣬾֪ǵһǵŵģ
֣쵽輸ƵĻţǳֵʱҾ֪ǵһǵŵˡ
С㣬ܽ𣿡һ˺治ѵʣΪûκα¶()ݵ(qng)ɣ
ǴӼʼûǵţ()սװҲԭǵ䱸ģдǵűǵĶε֪ģ
һĽ֪δ˭𣿡
֪δǷ塣˻ص
Це˵ǲ͵ˣ
ҼҷսӵĶӳרŴǵһǵţǱ˺ܶܺס
ǸʲôģǻʦȥĻףȫǾ¸ٴʹõġ
ЦЦĿż˵ԴǼʻŻΧסҵʱҾʹǵĻͺϿˣԵһǵŻоʲô͵ȼƷʡ
ӳͻȻ˵ˣôƣ
ڷսӣǲ˴һ֡
֮ǰûôϣû뵽ǴǰܵĺǱҪǺԮϵļʱҪսˡ
ȻǵжԵģǲòϣ((co)co)սţ((Ʊ))ˣȵһǵǿĻսʿǿ
ǵʱҲ˺üס
˵£һҫģĪǾòһġ
Ů˾ȻǵĻףһ۾ܿǻ׵ĳ⻹Ǹ
ôľǸ̬


1710.1710 ̫Ҳһ鷳


1710 ̫Ҳһ鷳
ɫ˺üΣͻȻýг̣̫ˡ
˵Ҫȥһǵܲʡ
ӳһѹסǷݱͻСôܣȻȥˡ
Ҳԣ˲ţǣǵһǵŶϡȱġ
̾ߵﶼ̫ܻӭ̫Ҳһ鷳
ӳһͷߣȻ˵ҲʵԲҪôҪԼ˵
Ͳ£޷
˿ڹ֭ΪʲôҪ£˵һǵвټǣǰҾ룬ʲôʱҪлȥܲͺˡ
ڻöлǳȫأЦϵɫϲˡ
ӳǷˣЩ˺ŵԻ·ԶһƵ
Ҳֻı̬ŻҪȥǵܲ
ȫԶԣ
ļʱÿ춼Լͣռ()߲˶ȱŻĳԣ˶Ҫĸо
ÿŷ˵ζӪֻ£
ÿ컹ŻڣһһȥǸָ
ʵܲˣףҪʶȤ㡣
˭֪ȴһ٣ʮߣ򲻹˼ʮһģ˵ȥöһһᡣ
Ӵ֮ԶԶ룬ֻϿ쵽ܲǺý˽ӳȥ
ǾҪŮˣ
󣬷ɴִһǵܲһǣڼҪʱɵʻ롣
ûþЩ·ߣźһֱںβء
ɵǿǸתһСʱȻһռԾʧ
һұܹζԷ̽źŵķɴڿռԾ㸽
ϴҪԾ𣿡ǰŵĴʻյʡ
صã͵ɽǿǵš
ǣ
ԽüʣΪʲôˣ
ҲüǸԾԾֱӽһǵܲģԾȥûжͱΧˣлл
Խ˸ۣ㶮ö࣡
ЦЦĿʣôʹһ𣿡
Խɫ˱䣬ҲŲҪǸ̬
ԴϴαƾʰˣڿǱ̬;Īη壬Ǹ((Ʊ))Сӡ


1711.1711 㻹ǵһ


1711 㻹ǵһ
Խһ̫ǿ֮ĹͨǴںܴ蹵ġ
û˵ԽʣҪҪȥˣ֪Ǹǵλá
ȲãǵĴϢж
Ŀ˵òҪжҾֻܽȥˣ
ԽƤһҲǸˣ
˵һ()()Լķ䣬Ȼ·彫ȥǸ̬
״˸䣬ܽô鷳СʰսģҲţ
һߣɵԽԾһƬεɫ
źܶǣȥľ붼Զ
һһۿͷĴ㽫εɫţɵ޷͸
һɻе̽ڷɵϣӳóһ¡
֤˻ºǴԷ˺һѿڽɵû
ŸܵһƼִ٣ɵʧԭء
ٴγѾһ֮ϡ
ھžӢع飡ӳ¶һڽ˵ı(qng)Ȳ档
ܿ죬ﴫһϵ˴ӣ
ǣս˧ӳ˵껹Էһ
жת()С㣬ǵܲѾˣһսŵս˧ӭġ
վ()ЦЦǲӦþúң
ǵȻս˧ӣС㻹ǵһءӳһĽȻλս˧ʮֵƳ硣
С㣬ɣӳʮϵһĶ
ҪѲɷˣ˶̲סĺܼ
֮ǰĥͻȥɡ
ڷɵϾģǾԲ˵һ̫ˣҲֻǡܡǣ
һ()װһֻ쵽㶵ɢ˷ɵ
žͿһͨÿһξ룬վһսװʿ
ͨҰһ¿һȽӴĳǳǰȥǻҪ١
ʱһȽϸ߼ļӳڲԶ
ʻһսװˣĴ˺ĳš
žͼͬսװһӣһòݵӣӳ
ӳ״ܣǵĽս˧һλ٣
һܣ֪λѰĸ磬λеһˡ


1712.1712 е㲻ư


1712 е㲻ư
ս˧ѬB˹
ս˧һ㶼ûоŲ(qng)һɵȻиźζɵ¶λ£λ÷ϵˡ
С㣬ãϴŵЦݣ˻Եࡣ
ѬBҲЦк;С(r)һȻ棡
ҲЩı֣и㣬òҲĻϸɫѹλķӵܵܡ
Ÿ˼
΢Цս˧ãٺã
Сϳɣս˧
ͷȻϳռ˳λá
ս˧ѬBϳֻĶ棬ͬʱ̾湻Ծġ
ʧӳ˺޲Ҫ(r)ӯˣڽˡ
˵ս˧٣᲻ᱻı̬裿һСֹ
һСɵϣŮ˶ôڣܲ󣬻֪ôء
ӳƳһۣҪ˵˾Ҳܱ۵ģ
Ҳˣϴ
ӳ߰ɣӣ
һߣһҲţ֪ս˧ٻ᲻ᱻڷ衣
ӦҲڰɣ
ϣûвͷĴĿƤΣһԵá
ûкȵ𣿡ȿڡ
ս˧˶£ȻЩ˵
ѬBȫһ飬ЦʣСҪȿȣǺȲ裿
Ȼ׼
Ϳڷɴ϶ȵеˣե֭𣿡ЦӯӯĿ
ѬBݵЦһե֭ʲôĳôܻ׼⣿
˼֪Сϲ´һ׼
ѬB䣬вٵɫ֭ƷСҪѡһ
ɨɨ򿪵ı䣬óһƿ֭򿪺һڡ
ѬBΪ²۹֭ζҲʲôģ˭֪ûУе㲻ư
ս˧ǲЩϸڣкȹ֭ܳסζ˵С㣬㲻ʣΪʲô𣿡
ӦЦŷʣѵΪ̫ˣǲ͵𣿡
ս˧һҭⲻǸûʵĽڰˣҲţ
СȤ
ɻĿѵǲ͵ģѲңȻƼҪʲôģ
ĻòƲú̸ֱȥүүҰ־ͺˣҪҸն˺𣿡
ǺǣС㻹ῪЦǵȻ͵ģս˧һ˿ҧζ
Ѿͷר(qng)һЩѲ
˼˶ӺۣǰרúǺˮõ˲оӣٶȴ£д~~ллͺͶƱ~~~


1713.1713 ⶼû


1713 ⶼû
Цӯӯģ
Ǿллˣ
ͷ͸ӿ深ĽֵֽܿĿת˽ս˧ˡ
Ȼ͵ģǲǿɹ䣿
ս˧ʵˣǵһǵŵܲΪܷʲô˻ȻֻҪȥǵһЩ(jn)أС㶼ǿɻġ
ҲȦˣγС⣬ǵоȥʣһоͬ
оһֱڸ̾СĻŴʦ̫ûˣǳ㣬ϣ㿼¡
֪ǵоԺΪܾ󣬱һʹϵĹӦѣйϵļ塢˾սԵ
Ҳ׼ʹǿӲʩȥоҪǾܲҲҾɱʹֶĥ
һо()ӺܸգԽ((Ʊ))ȣԽã½վŵƼҵǼˣ˵ǳ鷳
ȴܻ׵ооǱߵܻʦ˶ۣҪоܻףܻ׵췽ǵİӦûܴ
Ϊһ¾ʹӦ׼ûߡ
Ź֭ɣЦðоʶ𣬲оԺЩ
ս˧е£ͬˣ
ôеĲһǿɻ׼˺ü(to)ͬķⶼûء
ǰоײоҪоԺЩ֪ѹʧȥʦǶôΪż
ս˧һͶ˼ˣҪߵоǵоԺ֤Լ
Ȼʢ
Ӧô죬оļ(to)ƻȫϣܲζ
ս˧Ҳһ֣˵ĸо
Ц˵ҴоӭĴʦļ롣
ллϾ˾٣ЦʣҲҩҽǲһо𣿡
ս˧˳˳ǣȻԼѲɻ볤ܲ
Ȼǲ׼뿪ģҲ׼ھҽĴУֵ÷뿪ҪţǾúûɾ͸У·Ȩһ
ս˧ЦЦСҩҽҩҲţߵҩоͶ⼶ҽһֱأеǻᡣ


1714.1714 


1714 
ֵеһǵܲľƵꡣ
ѬBЦС㣬Ϊ㰲˾Ƶ(to)ĻΪ
ģʵеĶǾˢĺøжȣסƵϣͻһɵĸо
ȻҾƵֱܲӹܿأֻԵġ
סƵ(ͦͦ)ãµóǵ⡣
³󣬽ս˧뿪ѬB˾Ƶꡣ
Ϊŵ߼(to)ôһ(to)
ӵȽװ裬Ӿء()Ϸȡ
һȦ(ͦͦ)ģ
СͺãѬBݵЦݣһַ֮Уһƻᣬ֪СûȤһȥ棿
ζЦЦðҲʶ£ǵߵľƻʲôġ
С㣿ѬBЦ
ãͷ
Сһ·ˣͺúϢɣҲˣѬBжȡ
Цߣ
ѬB뿪˷䡣
þڷ̽һ飬Ȼûзκεļ豸
ʱѾˣߵشǰ棬Ҫû˭뵽ôоȻһǵŵܲѣһǸݻĲҹǡ
˴巢һƽִϢȥϴ衣
һᣬ
ţֻһսװŮվſڡ
Сãǽս˧Ϊѩ¶ҡ
Цŵݹһն˸ܲն޷ʹõģΪ䱸նˡ
ӹõģлл
ţ()ϰŪնˣѬBѾעȫֱӾܵ¼ҳ
ˢˢһǵŵڲš
ͷǡǿƻع飬ӹǵֱܲսս˧
֧ʻ(ͦͦ)ߵģ˵Ѱڵһǵܲ͡
ȻҲвˮֻ࣬ǺںҲǺ졣
۽ζһİն˺Ŵ˵绰
ϲ㵱ս˧ˣ
Ǳ߳Ĭһ£ô֪ң
նٲģ˽ս˧⣬Ҿþֻôʱ֪롣
ѰʧЦ
Ҫ𣿡ʡ
֪ʲô˼ãҪϢˣ컹Ҫĸȥμһƻأ
Ƶķûм豸նͨȴпܱ
ѰǴˡ



1715.1715 ֺγ֪


1715 ֺγ֪
˹绰ˢˢն˾˯ˡ
һߣ˵ͨ¼ȻѬBһ顣
£һζЦ˵ǸܾܵȻôº˵һ棬⻹𣿡
ǰվһӹĵ٣Ȼǲǿ£
پͻȻֱսŵս˧֮λ˵һϢ
ԭЦѬBɫһ()ϵĶȫƷڵء
ͷҲ֪ʲôа߶𾴣Ҫͣ͸߶Ȩǲ(())Ƥӣоǲʡ
ͷ˵Ĺ⻰ҪǴͷ鷳ʹˡ
ˣˣվ()鷿Ķ˲٣ŽƽĻҲϣ⴫ȥ
ʲôûӼæ˵
ѬB̧ͷ۾ЩĿʣ˵ҪҪҲһ(to)үǰק㣿
ͷƤ飬̲ס٣֮ǰѾԹˣȴүӷ䵽˻ȥڿԡ
Ļû˵˼ԣүǰĴֻһ˲У˾Ͳ˵ˡ
ѬBɫֺγ֪˵˵
ҪǸԹָ̲סҲԡ
ȽҪ϶ӡ侲˰û㣬ȴ㣬ͺðˡ
ٵ˼ٶģʡ
ҪûģߵĹƢԲ˭ô˵ġ
ѬB˶ټŰɣ϶ȥμӾƻġ
Ǹô죿СĿʵ£ٶ˵ġ
Ȼٵľ˾ǽս˧ܺսᲢۡ
֪Ҿⷢй°ˣ
ѬBָֻģʲôҪץˢøоУ϶Ǳ߻ʲô˵
ǣ
ڶͺв;Ƶ߶˸
罭ѩΪμӾƻͺѡ·
ҲûԣȻױ·ѬBҲˡ
()ɫβȹ()ġ޶ӹһָ߹¶˼־֮ɫ
ɫܹԦסŮ˺٣ʺϵһ
СЦ˹ȥ
΢Цлл佱


1716.1716 Ҿͷ


1716 Ҿͷ
γĳֻһǼӳ棬ֻǱ֮ǰݻ
ϳѬBЦʣСʲô֭
첻ȶ
ѬBҲգŮﲻģеǾ顣
ٸң׼˲еˮΪС񣡡
ãͷЦ˵Ϊҽ½ľƻɣȻһͷˮҪǶͲˣ
ѬBصľƵǵһǵӾٰģĶһصһ(qng)֣
һΪһһ֮ܵˣ
ˣã
С㣬ǱȽϺ죬ʶҲܶ࣬Խʵ()ݳϯɣѬBʡ
ЦЦðҵ()Ҳûʲô˵ġ
ˣǶĿˣ᲻йҲľٶЦЦĿŰBʲôģ
ѬB˾֣ܱ֤ԼСûκε⣬㣬Ŀˣ
Ҳ˿ܻˣŲ(to)·
ѬBЦ˵Ҳұ֤ϾߵһЩ˱ȽϵǣŵСүǣеƢǺܺá
һתڣҲС۸㾡ܷġ
ҪȥμӾƻһԭ
ҲûаҲˣô죬ΪҽѧţӵôĪռ϶ҲģϾвĸүСǡ
͸ΪƽЩҲģȻͣˢĺøоС
Цôһ˵Ҿͷˣ
ѬBţŮ˹ȻŮˣҪ˵ı
һû˻Ҳ磬أȻûȤ˻ҲͺãҾͷˣֲһ䡣
һ仰ѬBɫ˽Ůôôƣ
ϲҲ磿ʲôԻ·
֪ҪôӻˣСῪЦ
Це˵ʵ(i)ЦҺ棡
ѵܲһˣȻҪľˣЦżٲҪźã
⣬Сǹͣ˾ͺãѬBûôĻϡ
ǵһǵܲɲǣͲֳܹʲô۶ʱ۸ˣҪ棬ڲ˵úˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~״̬ãдرȸоٻָ12£ôô~~


1717.1717 Ǻòˬ


1717 Ǻòˬ
һ·˻ᣬѬB˵̬ȴżɢ
ִƻ᳡ſڣѬBȽзȵ³Ϊţһơ
³ͷ̧ĸ첲
ֲ죬Ȼĸ첲
̬ȣѬBЦȴάŷģҲǿǽȥɣ
ʱ½˴ӳ
ʿŮ飬ŮʿҲа飬()ĺ١
ѬB˶ǰкĿ()ǻ£ź桢ˬӵȡ
ܵ˵ûеѬBҲ磬ѬB󣬻һȽϿģ
ЩҲܿѬBڵһǵŵĵλͣյȨС
½ǰкмΧ()ߡ
ÿǰкˣѬBһһܡ
ܹǰμľƻᣬڵһǵܲ͡
һ׼ȼܷͬвٺҺͶ
ֻǵһǵŵȨȽϴڻʵһĴڣѬBҲȻӣҲϲϲҪӦš
΢ЦԴ˵̬Ȳ(r)Ҳ䣬ȽϺãһѬBܣһԺЩ˵ı
ûᣬһžװӢ˽()ҲӵŲٵˡ
ӳ˹ĵܣôˣ
ϵЦλСɣ(r)һȻɫ
СϤ£ѬB˵󣬶ܣҶ
Цкٺãлл佱
̬ȱȽѺãСϰ𣿡
(ͦͦ)õģ˳ֶһϵĺơ
ʿЦŵҺС㽻һѣҪʲôȥĵطȥ棬ʱңҺΪЧͣ
Ҫһ鷳ٵģֵһ˹İ࣬һЦ滢иͬ㣬ǾǺװ
ѧҩģ˵Сҩ츳ܸߣ֪˽ܲлύ£ܸȤĻ⡣
Ҫ롱ܲľ()ҲǺܸȤġ
ֻȴһӴȨս˧һˣűѬBαȽӴ
һ()ӣʮ**Ѿˢٺø˰ɣǺòˬ


1718.1718 ֵÿϷ


1718 ֵÿϷ
ﲻˬǰڣѬBҲˬ
װʲôβأҩ֪һҪغ
ЦżУΧŻ׷˵ģΧҩ档
Զվżһǵܲߺŵ£ѶٺΧ׬ǲˬ
Ǹǻ׺ҽֵӣ
ٺ٣뽫Ϊðɣ
ܣǵģƼֲã()ݸϲ̨档
ҿٺٶأҿûǶĸŮӭϹ
⻰վŵɫܲÿһӣһѬBδޡ
Ȼ˵˲ֻȢһŮˣɿԼӭһŮˣǻǺܳζͼޡ
꾫һ
ѬBδѵûк̧ܣǣһͳһģ
Сأм()߹ˡ
(i)ŮҢ࣬εľƻ׸ٰġ
ҢŸƱƻţû˵һЦ˵λСٹϵܲأٻһϹֱ
ԭĵҢɫ΢΢˳ֻ()ݱԱߵļ˸ߣòҲȽϳڡ
һǸѡ
ֻҪѰŮˣŹ
ڲǰǵǸֱ󣬾Ѿ
ѬBΣ⣬ҲνѰȴĵߡ
ܾǰһֱϲѰҲҪ޸Ѱ˵ͳҲе˼ԭܸˣȴˡ
ӿҢɫϹԸĻЦ׻⣬֪ٻ᲻
Ѹٽϡ
ٿǻμľƻᡣ
Ңپٰľƻᣬ˵ͳҢү˼ǲٺСˣôӦöġ
ǲӦҪϲСˣ˷׷׶ƱҢ๧ϲ
Ң΢΢̧̧°ͣЦûأ
ûҲ϶ˣȹϲû
Ƕ֪ҢϲѰͽԷԼˣǵȻҪӭ뷨ˡ
˭޸ٰ
ٿǴͳ(i)ĵĶӣرһͽֱսţѼֵУǴͳģ()Ҳ߹ġ
ٻ᲻ȢҢ࣬ǾͲ˵ˣλ()()ֵÿϷ


1719.1719 ôţ


1719 ôţ
˿ãҲиҪƻѬBˡ
ҢȻ֪Ϊӭ(qng)ȴ˲٣ֻѰ
ˣͻȻһ˿ſڵ
Ң⻰볯ſڿȥ
ֻһ()ɫսװǷѰ˽
һͷ()(ͦͦ)ΣеĴһ۾ֶ˿(jn)()С
ֻòʣǿıŮ˺ĳ嶯
òʣܽȫͬȥߵĺɶɣߵﶼһƬŮ˵ע⡣
ڳŮ()۾رҢࡣ
С㣬ˣǰɲϲμ־ƻᣬ϶Ϊġ
ǰСܲҹߣ˵ͳ춼һ붯٣
˵Сķͱ˲һһĿޡ
ҢȹӣЦݶžƱ˹ȥɲߵһͽסˡ
ֻѰֱߵǱߣʮƳƳλ磬Χ
ѬBһ䣬(ƨp)£
Ѱܳ裬ֱֳŵս˧ǻ£ȴûʲôɫ
ѬBЦ˵⹫ӴС㣬£ҾʹСμӾƻˣ
ߵôˣ㲻ǲϲμ־ƻ𣿡ŷʡ
ҲЦǰߵôˣ
ʲôһ()˵ֺҢ׼ңߵܽΪҢСİɡ
ѬBһ¾˼ͬ⿴ѰҢҽףЦԭҪߵˣ
Ѱܴ֪Ҫ淴(qng)ƻ
νĽûа˼ǳķУԸͲⱻ
Ҳ˵ĿڣԼ̬ȣĵʲôףô֪ҢСλ
Ѽҵֵô࣬Ǿȷ˽׵ң
£û뵽λߵܹȻûʧҲ˵ģȢҢҵС㡣
Ϣͨ˶֪ءѰż̵ַĿ
Ц滢һӵĻˮͶԷȦ棬ʲô͵ȥ߱ϲǲˬܻ((Ʊ))ŵģ
̧°ͼ̣ҪϲҢСĻȥͷҪȥˮֻͷ᲻㣬ǾͲ˵ˣ
ôţ


1720.1720 ר޵İɣ


1720 ר޵İɣ
ѹĻ
ǰֵ˼Ҳһ䣬ߵαô󣡡
Ѱ˹ζ˵ҪôҢǶҢС㿴ۣǾȥȢ£ѼҲȱ̫̫
һֻҢҵɫѿѬBɫҲ˳ǵ̫̫
˭ҢС㿴ˣǵҪȢ£ͳأͷҢҲⰡ
оԭȽ(r)ֺгƻһ½͵˱㣬ҪѰһר޵İɣ
϶ϲλҢС㣬ӦûЩУȻ
ѰһǿԼӦ˵()ӣҲûʲô
ίǾ͵濪˺()ݺĵҲ塣
һƤЦ()Цߵԣ
⻰ҪǴȥͲˣһ䡣
ǰ֮øϿ촫ȥͷӿ(i)Ķʲôɫ
Ѱüŷǳ˵ôȥ˵ȢԼȢˣҵĻ£
һҭߵܹȻ̫ˡ
ÿκѰ˵ۣ˴ת䣬ܽ
ϧͷڻûбһ
ߵܼȻǳδ飬ȿȣҢСģǾѪμӾƻˣѬB׼Ѱ׵ҢңС
ѰЦһСͱˣҽΪʲôμӾƻᣬ᲻֪
ˣվ()ߵѬBԼλá
ȻĿŵľƱƷʵľƣҲȵȥ
ȵĶԼľƣԽԽˣ
һۣѵܶӣ
У˾ͺãѰʧЦ
ԱߵһƣӲѰң
ѰżΣһı(qng)ȴϣǽӹľƱ鷳
()ȴʵϣһֳݵģڳ˶ˡ
⻹ʶ
оڳ˵Ŀⶼ()ϣѰˣɨһȦû¸ˣҸ
ͻȻڳľ󲿷ֶ׷׿ƿĿ⣬ȾƵĺȾƣĵģɷǿǲ
ߵмҢȦˣһֱŲԼ޳
û뵽Ѱᵱ˵Ļһ(qng)涼ʲôˣŲҪ޸ǸͷѼҵֵܡ
ԽǲȢԽҪ
žƱֽ˽̧ͷ񶼴ŵӣһҪŮ˲ú
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1721.1721 ѹôк


1721 ѹôк
ѬBҢеɱ⣬ԼԶҢɫģɫǲԾ˼֡
ߵҲСģʡ
ѰüҲ
ҲС㣬ءѬBЦŻص
()յļһһ£ôԵ(qng)Ѱһ϶ӵġ
ȻѰӵĿһۣóͱˣ
ѬBû뵽λߵܻô(qng)˵Ȼ㣬̲סЦ
ֻǺܿЦݾͽסˡ
ѰѬB˵Ҳһտأóͱ()ƣʡÿϴ۾
㣡ѬBɫͬʱѿѣﳤóˣ
ͬЦѰ̫ˣѹôкޣ
ֹ˹ĸ첲ȥɣ
Ѿ˽ˣҩоǣȽѬBͻоǣ˴ڲ
ڲʺϴ
ңҲøʱͻҲ磬ȻͰˡ
ѰͷһߵԶһ¡
ѬBû˵ʲôֻɫѿĿ뿪
Ҫ(yn)Ǻ޲˺Ѱȴܣǲܱ衣
Ҫǣһ̫óˣʵȨǾʱһ̰ɡ
ɫѾָЦݣѬBоǱ䣬ĵᵽɵĽ˰ɣˬ𣿡
ҪһѰôᳰǳ
ѬBҲָͬ˷Ĺ󣬡ˬͳˣ
ԽԽˣҪҪ֣
ɫĶ룬ĵ˼Ҳδɣģ
ǹ()ͽܲߵĸ߲ǵòˣȻʵȨȴΪǡ
Ļ滲ĵˣǿöԷȶԸߣ֮
ȻѬBҲͬ⣬ãԼʱģ
˵ЦٲȻһֵܵģ
Ѱ͵α
ЦЦĿǣ崿
жţÿϴ۾Ϸʡ
ѰüѵҲ˧
ֵϣԲ
˵㣬ǳϵģȷʵ˧Ҫϴ۾ȻȥҼҷˣ
ѰʺܳɫҷҲվԲѷɫ֡
Сĳ칷Ѱһۣû˵
19~


1722.1722 ƫ


1722 ƫ
壬Ѱ¡
ܲѾ֪սӣ뵽˸ǿǣ
Ļ˻ξƱûָס
ܲߵˣӦҲɣ
Ѱͷţ㶼ܲǲв
㻹ע㣬ָв֮ġѡ
ţһġ
Ҫ𣿡ѰЦʡ
ЦȵȵȣĸҪȥоһоҩҸȥǱ
˵ģ㷢ⷢ(r)ʱ򡣡
ѰʧЦͱŻɡ
ϲúóɵĽ
ú󱯴ߵľԼ
˵ЦģѰӲ˲٣ò˶Լǲ۾ˡ
ҢҲ뿪֮ǰվĵطȥϴּƽ(qng)ױݡ
ͿѾſڵҢ١
磡磬Ȧֺ˼֣ίѣѰôôң
ҢٶмۣȴѰȻôӵĵڷ̣ûнҢҷ
ģһΪģҢļ򰲸
ҢоǼޣ磬ҶҪѰϹǸĺ꾫
ֻѶٺסһŮ˲ٴɫѰҲסˣľܡ
Ңüͷ϶Ŀɶ£ء
Ѱ̬ȣ˼һתڻУһΪ
ҢȻЩǵͷãлл磡
ȻҢܳŮȷʵӵļ̳ˡ
ܿ죬ƻʽʼҢȺһүһο裬ҲŮ鲽ء
ԭƻѬB裬Ѱţ¹ȥֱ̡
˶Ҷ˾͸ûȤˡ
һϢ
ڶҪʼǰҢǱȥ
ڳ˼״׷¶˿ϷɫĿⲻҶţעȴȫ˹ȥ
ҢߵǰʿЦ룺С㣬֪ûңһ֧裡
Ѱ͵һȴδĿ
ǿҪǵѰͿѰ˳ˣƫ


1723.1723 ŮҪ鰡


1723 ŮҪ(qng)
Ѱ֪µģҲûаܾͬ
ҢЦЦǸԼϲ裬Ͳˣ
ϲ裿Ңٿû׼ŹСǶŵƼңƻύ趼ɣ
ʲôѽ˼ҲС䳤ˣҲ
üҢٵ⣬˵Ҳϲ裬û˵Ҳ
Լȥû˼ҲϲûȤ(qng)żֲм˵
ҢЦǲ֪СȤأ㲻˵ͻҾٰģһᾡġ
Ц˵׶𣿡
Ң㶣׶裿
һӣûҲ̫˰ɣ
ѰűЦòҲûʲô׶ɡ
ŮҪ(qng)
Ңٵɫ˳ÿط淨һɣСͽ̣ǽνĻ׶裡
ڳ˴ߣֻҪǷϵĶûڵĻ
ǻ治֪ʲôǻ׶裬Ǳеģô֪
һӵģϵ˼ʻ谡
׵Ķû赸Ķ֪ô°ɣһ˼
ҲֻԼ׶裬һ˵Ļ׶أ̧°ͣһȻģ
Ңһ߰ˣɲǰʧӣҪô档
(ͦͦ)ȤģҪСŴһ棿
λ԰ɣſ˿ڳˡ
ԣ(ͦͦ)Ȥģ
Ҳ뿴׶裬رСôñ˵Ļ׶裡
һΣ
ҢЦŶһƣǾСʾɣ
趷裬һ˿ɲУҲ˺һ𶷰ʼ硣
ҢûȻԼϳǶԲԶһսװӵ壬С棡
վ()˵һģһ()ܵĻеĻṩ°ɣʡ˵۸ˣ
ڳһͷߣô۸ˣ
Ңҵĵ̣()ҲӵսţҢЦû⣬ȥ׼ʮףС㹻𣿡
ԴƲƲ죬аɣǾͶʮ棡
ܱôô


1724.1724 ̫


1724 ̫
ҢѸȥսţ˶ʮbƷʵʡҲ˵
Ҳǵʵ
ʮŵϣ˵Сһܰɣ
εûҲ磬һɣ
ʱƻĵطѾȫɾ㹻Ŀյء
߹ȥ˻ףܸߣǻʦܿϤ˻ڲԭ((co)co)ť
ĻսʿҢٵʾҲѸ˻ס
֣ǸֵĽƵ裬˭ã
ΪаڣҢپ˷һ׽಻ô֡
һʻĻ׾Ͷ
˾ͼʻĻ貽ڿյȥһ㶼һܻףǸߡ
ûжǰʮ˺üշ
ڳ˳˳ǣǵһ֪׻档
ǳʶˣ
ҢٵɫЩѿڰʾ壬С貽棡
ҲӦ˹ĿⶢʼģĶȴòײģٶźͺ󣬸ѶȵĶһ㶼λ
ûжԱȾû˺һ貽еĺһС
ȤȥԣҢɫ˳ϡ
Ķˣ˿Ϸ⣬ҲһЩ(i)֮ˡ
̲סĦȭƣ׷ѡ˻ȥʼмҢߵĸ߼սʿһ˻ס
ֵĽ̫ˣ㼤ҵİ˺
Ңٵͷֵһ׺ȼֵġ
ʻĻҲֳ趯һҡڵļƣָѶȵĶӶϣֻЭǳнУγһһĴ䡣
ţhiȫ
ȥһˣҲ̲סҡ
ɵӶֻܿһ輼һѻ((co)co)ֱ̫ˣ
ڳˣѰ⣬ûڻ׼ʻܺ˵ˡ
ֽڳĲδ֮С
С㣬˴ں
Ңٵ˺ڣЩ(r)ֲ´ļһղһѣĿȫ˵
Աôԣ(ƨp)Ӳ
˼һתС輼ȻܺãҸ棬ղ˵ܹñ˵Ļ趯֪ܸܲչʾأ
ڼʻյЦ⣬ϷҪϳˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1725.1725 ôô


1725 ôô
ڳʵҲܺ棬Ҫô˵Ļأ
ðûʶǽǼʶʶɣӻﴫ
ҢٵɫɺѿˣŮ˻ء
Сɣ
ӻﴫ˳Ңٵñ˵Ļ裬ʱп߻ҿɸΣȷҪչʾ𣿡
߻𣿡ҢʲôЦһƻҾٰģĳҵģʮܻҲģʲô£ҵžУС㸺ġ
ȷʡ
Ңپǲң߸޷˵Ļ裬Źʱ䣬ȷֻҪСչʾñ˵Ļ裬֮۷ʲô£𡣡
˰ɣʡ
ͷȻڳ˵ǿˣʲôҢٸ𣡡
ѰԼ³Ҫʲôˣ߹ЦŵȻˣҿ֤
ѬBҲ׷ЦŵҲ֤
ˢøпɲѰһ
ԶԣˣҲͷ
ҢٿһƣСչʾ𣿡
Ц˵ҽ㽫ϵˣȫɫĻսʿµʱ˵ʲôġ
ҢٱſŭŮ(qng)ôôأ
֣ʮɵľӢӴӲ˽ȫϻףСǼʻ裡
ãȫӢһ֧սţʮȫ()ʺ;sĸ߽׻սʿͲǻġ
ʱԭڻϵҲ׷״ʮˡ
ߵǰ̨ϣӿռó˹ٺΡ
վѰ˵
ֶڳ˽һ˵߻أվȽϰȫŶ
Ѱԥߵ()󣬴
ѬBһۣȻǲģŪ飬Ҫʱʲôġ
ֻΪӮĺøУ˶˴㡣
СҴҾİɡѬBЦߵ̨ϣȴЦıȽΡ
ȻΪģò
ЦһСǵĹͣҲģ
ЦҲһǿ֮С
ˣС㲻Ҫʱˣܿʼ𣿡ѬBԥҪҪʱҢٲͷĿ˵


1726.1726 ôģ


1726 ôģ
ؼѾˣȻʲô
Ң()ӻ漱
ǾͿˣ
˵꣬һֻȸңһֻֽϡ
һӺܿ𣬺нС
ҾͶڳĶʮܻ׿ȻûʲôӦ̲סЦǾͿôճ
ѬBҲżΣȴڿЦѰϵˣ֮ǰǲ̫˵㣿
Ѱз¶˿ζϷЦݣһЩɵ((Ʊ))Цˡ
ڳЦԽԽ࣬Ңļλ¸⿪䡣
û裿ôվŲѵ۾𣿡
۾ûе˻ȡأ
ۣ᲻Ǳ˵Ļ裬Ͳˣ
ҲҢٵĻսʿˮƽ̫ˣɣĳЩԻ·
Ҿ˵ôܵñ˻ģ(qng)ǸЦ
ЦˣνĻ裬˸˵һ룬ɤӾǱסһ
ֻȻ΢Ц˫ַҵּӿ죬ԽԽ
ⲻҪģҪվڿյϵĶʮܻĶ
ʮܻͬʱ̧˸첲˫Ҳ
һʼĶȽϼ򵥣ʮܻײҲ̫ͳһЩҡ
ԽԽȼ󣬻׵ĶҲͳһֱȽѵƸһ޵롣
ʮױȾͺܸߣ貽ţɵҲֳ(qng)һҲȼһҪóԼĻ׸һ趯ҡڡ
Ңٵɫڵòٺˣиһֲŵɫ
ôܣΪʲôԼľӢսʿʻ׸趯ôͳһЭ
Ҫ֮ǰȷûкǽӴΪЩױѵר赸
ֻѬBҲˡ
ǿ֪Ң֧Ӣսӵʵôģ
찡Ȼˣ
Ļȼhi̫ˣ֮ǰпͷ
ҾñĻҪѷɫ١
ⲻϻģȻĺˡ
ԣղſóһ£ôģ
ǰôܹЩӢӵĻսʿʻף֣
ѵûз֣Щ׵貽̫ͳһ𣿡
˰ôˣ


1727.1727 Ҳ


1727 Ҳ
ڳв竣ɾӢҲ٣ܿͷ⡣
Щ˸ûѵ裬Ͳôͳһֻ˵Щսʿ߻ףȫ˰
ҿòƻǣ
Ҿ֪ôģҲ̫ſ˰ɣ
̫ˣȸղŵĵо㰡
۾ͶĿ⡣
Ҳвɫÿ˭ǷǮһ
Ǿñ˴ˣǺѿߣԭӦǸߴŶԵİ
ҢΪ׵ĲɫҲѿŲź͸ּĽޡ
ڻȼºͻȻһܼܵĻֱ̧ۣܾͿʼɨ()
㣡
ôĸأ
˵ģ߻ˡ
Ȼ᳡ҳһƬμӾƻĴĶܣе˵ϡ
ֻߵ̨һƬʮܻǳ۾һܿ
ֻҪϸ۲죬ֻᷢɨ()Ŀ֮꣬ǰ߶ܲѺõˡ
ͶѺĿ⣬һֱûбֳˣȻҲڳܣȴû˭еӵҲǱܿǵġ
ѬBվ()󣬿淢һĻӶͬʱ鷳ˣ
Ѱ֣ϴеЦ⣬һȺΪǵĴ
֪ˣ()
Ѱü֪ʲôʲô֪
ղѾѹ׿ܻ߻˭һء
ҲǴһᣡζ˵
ԼĲ˶ⵯУҪץˣͣ£
Ѱһۣҿû£
С㣬ˣȥҲҪǴ鷳ģȻȰ˵ҲžĿǡ
Ѿٵ٣վ()޹˵֮ǰѹˣпܻ߻ģ˭ţ
˵ʲôϵҢٷҪչֵģղſǿڿ˵۳ʲô(qng)ġ
ƲƲ죬ѶɲҪͷˮ־Ĺҿɲ
һûʲôо⣬
ôҪ⣬Ļ׸ˣ
Ů˾ǹģôܸղһֱǿ߻ȻҢǸԶӣڰΡ
֮ǰ֣ΪʲôҪʱ䣬(qng)˼Ҳʱ䣬Ҫ˦Ңء


1728.1728 Ů̫


1728 Ů̫
ҪƽѬB⿴ϡ
ɿ·ԼҲвˣҲվסˡ
ǰһȰ˵С㣬ǸղŲţԼû۹⣬ôˣҪͲˡ
ȻҢ˵˻ȫȨ𣬵Ҳǣ鷳еģܲǱˣ
뽫Ңٴһ飬ǹµġ
־浽Ҫôճ
޹գգۣ⣬Ҳû취ͣ
ʲôѬB̲סҪôֹ
ҪˣٲͣҪ˵ġ
˵һ취
뿴ȵʣʲô취
ʼöһĻսʿȥƷͺˣ
ѬBѪʲô⣬Ҳܳ⡣
ҪԼĻ׾ӢȥֹƱػˣ᲻ã
˱Ķ棺С㣬㲻Ҫ̫ˣַΪȥܳеġ
δ˵Ѱһʲôܳеģеͺˡ
˵ˣҢȫȨ𣬹ʲô£
ζĵҵĻڻǸϿֹΪãܿҪˣˣ()ݵλɶء
㣡һȭ˦Ѱϣ߼ֱ̫ˡ
ѬBǿˣѰݲŻôµģ⻹ǰ˦ɹˡ
ѰǸ߾Ų˵һӪˣһֻԼ߲ˡ
ڸӭˣָͲŪһͷ͸ҵĸ߲㡣
ҪǲֹֻҢҪҸ߲ӹҲԲ˶ߵġ
ֻ磬һɳһ֧Ӣֹɣ
ȻҲ뵽еϵֻܱĵͷУ
˵ľӢȻҢٵĸǿѸټʻ׽˰˼ܻױϣʮսʿ˵Ĵۣǽ֮ǰĶʮܻ׳Ʒ
ʮܻҲڱ˴룬ȥ
ȶʮܻױƷ󣬶ŵ˲½߳
ǹģҪΪһиۣҢһ()Ǳĳָ̧ŭʮ˵
Ŀʲô£֮ǰ˵˿ܻ߻Ҫչֵģ˵۳ʲô¶𡣡
()ãҾͶ㣬ڳĸλظһ飡Ŵն¼Ң֮ǰ˵Ļڻ᳡(())
ҢûбŮ̫ˣǹġ
˺˵ˣȻɸŭŵҢ()ϣҪһһչ֣ôܳ£
Բܾôˣ
Ң٣֤֤ȫûϵ
Ѱȫ()ɢû˭˵ĸϿȥҽԺƷҢٱˣ
Ŷղűŵ˰ɣȥƵϢ
()Ǵžţǰˣ
ڳ˳˳ǣҲ̫ˣ
ŵǺ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1729.1729 


1729 
ѰҪߣҢٴӲԶĽ˳
ĵ̣бڱûˣֻǿȥҲмǱ
첽߹סˣ()Ŷô£Ҫһ֮
һҺµģȻأұŵˣ㻹Ҫ⳥Ҿ˷𣿡
Щߵ˵ô˼
ҪģûмôҪġ
ô(qng)˼ıҪ˷ѣٴγʶˣ
װˣôˣӱΣҢҪˡ
ϵĺߣ˵Լʧˣ֮ǰ˭˵۳ʲô(qng)ȫеġ
һü飬ǲںôˣȻ浱ľͺ۸()ϵҲȫ
Ңҧгݵ˵ǻڵĿӣô֪Щսʿ𣡡
̧һͣĶ㲻װʧ䣬ӻʲôʱǿˣ˵пܻ߻Ҫչ֣Ҿֻˡ
裬ѵҲ߻𣿡ʡ
ֵ̯̯Ȼᰡǲᵱھл衣
㲻ֻªţﻹʹҢҵļ̳ôϵģе㻳ɣ̧ͷϱȻ£һӦȥҽԺı(qng)
Ų߲ȥҢҿɲ߾ߵġҢҪˡ
Ů˲ֻǳ˵߰һѣñ粵
üô簡ŲţֻҪҶҶ֣ҰҢ̸
Ң˲𰡣Ƽأ
㣡Ңһҭ
ƷﲻֻǱȽϳڵһǵܲҲǳ
ǰܲߵε£˳Ϸһѡ
űƷֱ׷ɱܲ˱С
ȫͨӲƷˡ
ǸʱƷʮߣڿȥܲɡ
ҪԸһҢңƷʵǻܡ̸ġ
ѰҲڴʱվҢʲôʱôŰˣҪˣ־һȥͷҢǲҪ췴ˣ
٣ҳԣȴ˵Ңɫ
죬ܲŲСʵȨǱǾߺĲģ췴


1730.1730 Ǻ


1730 Ǻ
Ѱȫ()Ƹ
ھҪߣûǲã
Ң˵֪ôĵ˭Űء
治ҽѰ̫ʵһ(i)ĶӣҪһȥͼӴ׵ĸ״Ңҽ᲻
(qng)ѵˣ٣ˣǵһǵŵˣҢٲʵ˵
Ѱֱ̧ŽҢ߷ڵأ(qng)ͺ޹أ㲻ȥͷ״
٣ҢŶվ˫ͻҪΪҢҹȥ𣿡
ʲôҲʸҽۻ۵ģ࣡
ѰһĲмҶ֣
˾֣ѰҪù⣬׼ûʱҢ˺˼
˫ͨ죬(qng)һ췴Ӧġ
߼ֱ̫
У͸Ͽȥͷ״ҵţѰЦһ
ĸ첲߰ɣ㱻ŵľ˷ѣһҢҲҪġ
ͷţǾͽˣ⳥Ļǵ⳥Һ۸ء
λ˵үСҲǣ⳥ģǵҢ⳥ϾǣǰȻ¡
̫ˣҢٴʱ޲ó
ɢ˵й𣿲Ҫܺ߰ˣʡҪֻ죡
߰ɣŶѰͷ
һ̯ӣȻʮĲ뿪
Ң̲סһȭصĴڵϣסˣ
磬ô뿪𣿡Ңͬġ
Ң̧ͷĿ()ĶҪб£ȥ
̲סһǨŭҪίҪôܷҪչֻ赸
Ңܵõ()ϵŭ̲ס˺󲻸˵
Ңܳ裬Ҫʲôǲġ
˵ȫȥҽԺҽҩҢٽŶԼҧгݵķԸ
βֻ˲٣ҲôܣƻᱻƻܺߣȴҪ˺⳥ʵʲȥ̫ˣ
ôǵһαôƣǺģ
߳᳡Ѱ˾ѾſڣѬBĳߵҲǼӳġ
ѰΪţȥ֮Ҳ˽ȥ
ʱѾв˳ÿһĻúܲ˼顣
Ǵ󲻵һ죬ȻٻΪ˭ţǵһ˰ɡ


1731.1731 


1731 
ϳӿռóһƿƣóϵľƱ
һѰҽıΣ
ѰһΣ汻㾪ŵˣ
û뵽ĵӻôֱھͻϸô(qng)
ŻһתЦֻ˵ɵƯ
˵Ĳˣƽܲ˱QĺܻҲͼˡ
˻ξƱЦЦĿôһ֣δҪˡ
Ѱһۣ㿴ȱδ޵ģ
ҢұˣȻӣ
첻ôһҲͬġ
֮˼ǣҢҵı󣬻ֵ֧
ӣӦòѶġ䡣
ѰƵһھƣǾǸ()󣬱ѶĶ磬ֻϲˣֶΣᣡ
һ÷ģЦʣЩֵǣв𣿡
⻹ûУѰʼ硣
ǲͳˣʣҢٵģǲưոݣҪ˵ģ᲻Ӱ㣿
Ҹо״
ѰмƲ죬µľ
ĺܿģЦʡ
Ц˵ðɣ˴ϲȱ˸ҾȸһɱӺ꣬Ҫͷ϶Ҳȵ᲻ᱻҷˣ
ģɲǺһġ
Ž(qng)Щ˹ƼҪԶԶġ
ѰɵöĴָ棡
ͻؾƵ꣬Ѱ¥뿪
Ԣ·ϣͽӵ츱ٵĵ绰ȥլһˡ
ѰѾµģֱ˾ȥ
լǹܼһӶˣһĹ
٣ү鷿㣡ܼǰĵ
Ѱ䵭ĵͷ֪ˣ
Ƶȥ鷿ûֱ̧һƣſ˽ȥ
ʱ鷿λһߴӢӣȥִŲƣŭ
λһһǵŵ
⣬ǰһӣҢվ()
ѬBֵڶλá
Ѱֵ߽ҶûжྪȣȻϰ⡣
̧ۿ˿ˣɣ
ѬBﶼŹȻˣҪǻ˭ôžͽˣԻᱻ


1732.1732 һ


1732 һ
Ѱһֲֻڿ㶵Ƶߵһɳ¡
ŶȣڼһУ
״ˣźܵƳҢһۡ
˵̻ң㻹ˣ
ʲô£ңѰֱ̧
ϵ¶֮ɫҽʣҲϹ
ʵΣǶ˵ˣҹ˷ʱһȥϴءѰͷ˵
˵֣ҪϴһլϴܾûҳԹˣ
û(qng)ѰֱӾܾ
(ƨp)ȥŮˣ㵹(qng)ӳԷû(qng)ˡ
ѰɨɨŮ˳ԷĿһͷԷӰθڣ
ϵĲ豭ֱӳѰ˹ȥȴѰ㿪ˡ
С˵ˡ
ͷˣС˵һ첻Ͳù
ѰŲС˵ʲô
ɲ˵ѬB䣬ž
ôͷ˵ˣֻܲһѰ
֮ǰҲͷദͱˣ֪ҪڶõĿܻء
ͷѾ֪ƫʲôطȥˡ
Ңǰ˵ǰܷȴϾûʸʱ졣
һȫһ߲һţôţ((Ʊ))ô˵ûб(i)Ķӡ
žһͷðһϸ
״߻ᱻȷˡ
˵ʲô뻰أӣԽԽˣ
ѰƲƲûлػ
ԴӺӴĶˣҲ䶾˲٣ͷˬ
Խ(qng)ôĿĿѰʡ
ѰüͷһְˣҲûˣô
ҲĴ֮Ūôˣȴûһǻе鷳
ָָҢ٣(qng)ȫȨأӦҪô
˵նˣһӰͶӰ鷿Ңٺ˵ҪеһǶλ滹ʻĻ档
֮ЦŶѰСѾͷ(ͦͦ)ȤģԸ㷹ɡ
ԭϲŮ𣿿ŵǻ
ѰͷУ
¾֣ȻûǾͿʰ°ɡ˵
ҢͲµ˽ĵãһᴦõġ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~ϵͳˣ1805ַһ£֪ϵͳ鵽ȥˣǿǵ۲ŷһ£Ҳ֪ʲôʱʾ


1733.1733 Ҳǿϧ


1733 Ҳǿϧ
Ңһ£ȴԽ
̬Ϊ⣬Լ϶һԷ
Ң֪ίˣվ()Ц˵ãǺþöûкһۻᣬԼһԼ
һ¾ȴȮӸˣ
УЦ
ҢҢٳ鷿ҢԭҪ˵ȴһֹˡ
ֱѼҴլԼҵҢſڡ
ٵ̬𣿡
ҢٵͷˣȻܳ٣
߶˵ȫŵûˣһ㶼Ǹӡ
Ҫô˵ȶҪϡ
̫ݹˡ
Ңζʣ֪ҽΪʲô˵𣿡
Ң룬СĿ˿ӣ֪Ǳģ
Ңɫº˼֣Ȼ()޴ɵģϾҲǰ˸
һתεģҽص㻹Ҫ㿴ٵ̬ȡ
ǰûзϣۿӦ֪ô˰ɣ
żľ棬˽²ҪٹӴˣܽμ̳λõġ
Ң͵̧ͷӣ֣֪
ҢЦһǵùٺ٣ȴҺ죬֮ǰùʣԱܵѵ
ٸһΣԺҪȥ٣ܹԶ;Զɡ
ҢʵЩ£ǰֻ˵ܳ裬ȴû뵽ôܳ衣
ǰվŶмĸоֲŭɷˡ
ȴ治ɫĸַ̣ҲǴʱŷ֣ǲߣϵ
ǣԺ󲻻ˣĵĵͷ
̲סʣ֣ûκοܣǲ֮ܽλ
ҢصҶ˽⣬е̳ˣʮ**Ѱˣ
ѰʵǴˣɣܲߵĸ߲㲻ٴɫֵ׳꣬Ѷĺ̫ˡĵ
ҢǻҪ߽𣿡
ҢƳһۣ߲ϲãǲǿģ¾͵Ϊֹɡ
һ˫Ůƽ̫ĿˣԭõһŽףȻôˣҲǿϧ
һ³ˣ༭æˣҿѾָˣˢˢ~


1734.1734 ܳԭ


1734 ܳԭ
ҢٱƳִ˸
ֻ»ûסʣ֣ΪʲôôŮôߣⲻҪɱɣ
˭Ҷӻᰵ˵ģҲ߸ҡ
ҢĬƬ̣ſڵǵһǵǿߣԵţ(i)()ʲôɱ(qng)Ӱˡ
ֻΪѰر𣬸ҺŸ𣿡Ңʡ
Ңû˵ûŰ()ӣÿǸӣѵ㲻֪
ҢΪŭ챻ȥڿˣΪʲô
Ң뻹ʵ˵Ϊĸס
컹δҵʱ򣬺Ѱĸ÷ҲޣŴǵš
ΪһЩ(qng)ŵ⣬ҲǷ˵ұʲ֧֣߹ѵʱڡ
˲벻˵ʱ죬ʹǵŶɹΣһ̵˺üʱǻǵţΪ˵һǵš
ҲΪǴξԮˣòȥ̬ǵǵԽԽǿҲʼһŮˣʱҲһЩŮˡ
òֻع˼ͥ˻Ķ(i)˸ŻС
ԭϲ£˭֪һȽϵóС(qng)˻˺ӣȥҷʾ
֪Сϸһ黹ֹһ˲ңŪ˲˽Ůһ֮¾Ҫ顣
Ȼͬ⣬˭Ҳû뵽˶һЭ龹͵͵ˣһʧ꣡
һֱҷˣõϢһŰҵ˷˺١
Ϊ˶ܵһǵŵ׷飬źƽһھκۡ
˵Ѿȥ˰Ңٲ
Ңʲô䣬ŵԣû뵽ǣҵˣϢȴ©ȥ˵жɱ֣Ϊ쵲͵Ϯǹȥˣ
ŮˣýȢӣ£Ǿ͸ǳļԶĨȥɰ롣
˰˫֮󣬾ͻ̲סЩ벻ļ(r)ӣͻúͻ
ٱ(i)ŮĶӣǰչ˺ǵĶӣòȽˣҲͳͷ()غҪֲĶӡ


1735.1735 Ǵ


1735 Ǵ
ҢɫĿҢ١
£ֻҪ֪λ˭Խȥġ
ЩǵŵˣҲܹ˵Ķܶٲĵλǲܶҡġ
³֮Ҹղ˵Ļ(yn)κˣ֪𣿡
ҲǱͻȻһᣬ˶ǰ(qng)˳˵˳
źʹۣ࣬ԵþӲܳȥ˵
Ңû뵽ԭԭôߣ⵹Ҳͨ
λȥҲǿϧ̾һ䡣
һѶ˵ĸʲôֱָӱˡ
ҢʧЦ㶮ʲô˲Ĵˣ
Լ()Ϊˣﲻ֪˵()˵ȷʵŮˣһͱҲЩջᱻһĥƽ
Ϊһķ()˭ȷܻΪʧȥϧȥ黨ǲݣҲʱһֻ(jn)סŮˡ
֪ӲΪЩҺ˽ӣҲԶסҲ޿
֪ԼΪɷһ˺ǵĶӣѰغ󣬲ĲܹûĶ
Ǵ˵Ҳֻз˲ŻôôΪһ
ҢЩ⣬ӵҲϸʣЩ棬һʲôŮˣ
ܹ(i)¶Ůˣһ򵥡
Ңе¶ִֻϻۣһŮˣòʣ()
ҢſڣҢҢپ˵ˣһʱ඼Ҫȥ(())ٵ鷳Ҳ𣿡
ȻٴȥԷҲһϿɡ
ǣˣҢܹѡΪ̳ˣ
һߣҢҸ뿪ѼҸ˾鷿ɵۡ
룬˸ӿܸȤĻЦʣСأͻȥ𣿡
ѰĻصǰ˵㾪ţȥϢˣ
ղҶҢҪ˷ˣͻȻ
ѬB˳ǣ̫Ҫˣֻ˵ó
ǿûܵ˾ţǲűŵˣˣҪ˷ѣһҪ


1736.1736 


1736 (qng)
Ѿ˽ƻֳƵ֪ӦСΪ˺ģŹ˵ġ
İˣҢҵʧСνˣ
Ѱüʲô
Цʣʲôأ
ǵһμô˭Щᣡ
ƼҵŮԴʯȸͲϡ
Ѱ˵㲻ԷǾҴȥ˽ѡ
ĻǸŮӦû⣬Ͼͷ˽вٵĺöء
дŮǰ¶ĴȸĿ⣬ԥЦУɡ
һжѰģӸ˾ͺã
ҾˣѰ׵Ͷ
̲ס˵ȻˣǾһԸɣ
ˣҿǾûʲôθڣѰ˵վ()ߡ
ץϵһƿ˹ȥˣ
ȻûˣҲӣҡ
ѬBүôлţȳʻᡣ
ͬǶӣôôأ
ڷᣬеĴ(i)֮ɫ
ָ˲ŭģ䵭˵ȻĹͣǾͺúչˣҪʲôֻҪ̫ɡ
ˣȥɣŰڰ֡
ֻܹվǣף
լ˸ԵĳϴЦݲ()ͼ޴档
ҲļֵΪ⣬ͷҲЩǿҪú¡
Ѱ뿪լûлȥȥסľƵꡣ
һһںܶ˵ļУҲȷһ⡣
ţȥѰʲôˣ
նͨпܻᱻһӦòŻٻ
Ѱߵ£ղűͷлȥʽ(qng)˵ľˣ
ЦŵլȥԷȥ˽ѡ
Ϊһȣôãȥȡİɡ
ǵȻˣѰ쿴ʲô;ãÿ
ЦãĶӣһ᲻һ챻
ãѰ˿ڿȡ
УҾͲĺˣһúѡ(qng)ġѰԽԽ˳ۡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1737.1737 ֪


1737 ֪
ڶ磬ѰƵ
Ǽѻ𣿡Ѱһ߿һʡ
ȻҪȡ
ǲʲô뷨ͷʡ
ѰЦ˵ҽܲߵֱսţ绹ӹһٶǣоڵǸ
ҪǷų(ͦͦ)򵥵ġʵȨҲһ仰(qng)
üŻôȨˡ
ȥһȦɡŵ
ѰͷУ
ǰȥоҩо𣿡ʡ
صնϵң˵ȥоѶֻǺҴ˸绰͸¶Ҫȥҩо˼
ţѰʾԼ֪ˡ
һ·ģլѰûȥӣǴȥ˽⡣
ܼ˽ſڵš
٣үҸġܼҹĵݹһԿףָƺͫĤܴ򿪣
ѰӹԿ׵ͷ֪ˣ
ܼѺõĶЦЦԾľ뿪ˡ
ѰԿ׺ָơͫĤ֤˽⣬˽ȥ
˽Ƚϴֳַʮ䣬ÿ䶼ѰϵǰԿ״򿪡
ѰҲǵһͷ˽⣬ǰҪʲôͷ
һsԴʯԱżӣһĺӡ
Ѱ߹ȥһӣssԴʯתͷʣҪ𣿡
԰òssԴʯֺ͸ȴõõ
ѰֱӽһżϵĺӸǾ
ִȥ˵ڶ䡣
ÿﶼѼϡûκһǵsģssĲ١
Ҳ˾ãsssĶû
Ҳṵ̂ģֻʿɶֹ̫Ѱý
ѰһνģԼһЩssĲӲ
ѵãðײã
ʧЦôܼң֪𣿡
Ѱ˽⣬Ȼ֪ˣ
±?Ц
ҲˣѰϲӶŸɣϲӵļңҲ֪֮ʲôԹ
ѰһĲ⣬ʹ£ֲ£
Ҫ𣿡ǽһַֻڿ㶵һеįС
ҡҡͷˣ
Ǿͳȥɡ
ã


1738.1738 ѾҪ


1738 ѾҪ
߳˽⣬Ѱֿ̧˿ʱ䡣
ڻ磬Ҫȥҷ롣
д˿ζ֮ɫðȥٵķ䣡
ѰһȣȥԼķ䡣
鷿˽һһնһ顣
ԼҶӲ˲ٺöֺֺЦСӵǻŮӵĶȥ(qng)һ㶼ۣ
ܼվ()Ц˵Ҳ()(qng)
۵¶ʹĻĿڵλһ򿪣һ޵Ľա
ָĦŮӵС()ȫŴˣ
ҲϲˣСƢһ˾ҵĿȥˢˢˢȻȫˣ()Ĳˣʶ
ܼ֪ˣǳ໹()񶼺ˣǰˡ
ܼʮʱ͸ˣĺܶ࣬Ȼϵɸ(qng)ȴֵܲࡣ
Ѱĸףȥ׼ı(qng)Ҳữ˺ܶ࣬۵żֻ˵Ĺ
˾Ѱ磬ȻҪػá
һѰ߽Լķ䡣
ӹһƿݵĺƴ򿪣һݸȻûĺúȣڣ
ӹһڣ
Ҳвϲʳơ
֮ǰǲʲôѰվڰ̨ɫ
֪֮ǰһһڱ˵Ƥӵ£˵ŷ㣬ֵĹϵôоܽš
ҪңȴѾҪˣԹѰ˻αӣƽ˵˵(qng)һ
Խȴ֪϶⣬ҿԵڣ
ѰʧЦʵҲûʲôһ֮õĹ°ˣ
֪ΪʲôǰǺܷɣҲûбܻ䣬ֺ(qng)˵һ顣
ʵǿŰǹƽҴСоҸĵ(r)ӡ
űϺɫľƣ˻䣬Ǹʱÿ춼ȥϰ࣬ؼϲʳϱҽ¡
Ҳÿοڳæµһ˵ܰС
ҸȴǸ˴ˣĵůҲԶ뿪ˡ
ĻΪ·ҲҺԶĨȥļ䡣
ԳЦЦ湻ĵģ
ҲΪ֪Ľ(yn)ͷԭ¡Ҫʧһ


1739.1739 ô


1739 ô
û뵽Ѱİ軹ôһι¡
ǵ͵㣬ȴ(())ŮͷҲһŰ(qng)
˵ʵѰĸס
лͷ˾Ҫԭƾʲô
Ѱ˵Ļоλĸ׻Ǻ(i)ģѡҲȲѡ
ֻ˵ȷʵ̫ˣô(i)ĻʱȥˣҪȵʧȥ֪ϧ
ҪǣΪǵĴĸƽҸѹֶѰô(i)ҲҪҸкͲɡ
ȻѰ(i)ɰŮĺӣӦҲ(i)ӵģֻٳ(i)ʸ裬ҲֲЩͲѷ졣
ĸһһλŮˣûпڰοѰΪ֪Ҫ
ֻǵĶ˵˵ԼĹ°ˣ
Ѱ͵ĻĵЦЦţ
ȻҲֻϧʶһ
һߺȾһϵرǶһ
һСʱѰն𣬹ܼҷһϢѾ׼ˡ
߰ɣһȥԷѰվ()˵
ͷã
ߵſڣѰһͷ㲻ίԼҲأ
żů⣬Ȼһʼȷʵ˻õ˼潫ѰҪĺѡ
ûʲôµģûгͷۣҰֿҲ˵
ѰʧЦˣ()ô
ûƷĵʶ()񣬸ܻӡ
һȥ˲
źͼ׵λãһŭӢӡ
()ɢһȻȻγɵɷţһ˼˹ȶǵһǵŵ졣
ڴʱͬڴ
СѾͷòʳڣЩȺǣһִݲȵĵҴ˵֮ͬˣ;սսĵͷˡ
ƷŮǼһ()ϵơ
СˣɣЦȿڡ
⻹һκŮ()СԷ(i)ӴģԾԼº͵㡣
òЦЦã
Ѱʿ߹ȥΪһλãҲûп
ٴξˣԴӽӽӻǰûˣһμ(qng)
¹ķ


1740.1740 Ҹ㣬Ͳ


1740 Ҹ㣬Ͳ
ºԹܼҵͷ㿪ʼϲˡ
º͵˵˵߹ϵͺ˾ţԽԶٱ㷹֮У㲻þ
Ҳɫϲ˻
ЦЦлл죬Ҳʳ

ԶĻش𣬲ôһ⡣
ȻһλȽҲˣȴΪѰĹ£ϲ
ѰѣѰսԹޣȻȥ(r)(qng)ӭ˵ԭ
䵭Ҳˡ
û侲ݱ֣ҲӶôá
ҪηСһӭϣԼĶӿˡ
̸ѰһֱĬš
ϲ˺Ҳٺ˵˰ĳŷջг
һǵһǵܲߵɫʮֵķḻζ
ÿ˶˳òţҲϲĲˣл¶ʳЦ⡣
ѰģԭûθڣҲĪĸų˲١
Ȼòͣɸȴڹ۲ӺϵЦҲ
ѹӻѾͷȻڲͬ()̹ʲ
ͺɡ
ѵѰôһٷΪڵԵʣҲϻο
Ѱһʱ俴΢΢ײſһ¡
͸ˣ˵ѾͷܳΪǸӻ͹ϵŦ
СסĻϰ𣿡ʡ
ЦŻصã
Ǿ߶һʱɣ䣬ʲôҪĶЦ˵
Ѱĵ⻹˵𣿡
ҲѰҵѣȻ᲻ȥ鷳ġ
ͬ˼ϾͲ((co)co)ˡ
һҭѾͷӻ(ͦͦ)ʵġ
Ҳֻôи()()(qng)ĮĶӡ
óһ鰵ɫƵݸ߹ϵһ㣬ܹߵƾˡ
û뵽ôҪĶԼûнӣ̧ͷֱЦ
вס()ӣ㽫͸ң֮Ҫֳʲô(qng)ҿɲ𣡡ѵҪ¡
û˵ѰͽƽӹͷȻҸ㣬Ȼ֣úţ
ͻȻеȫŮӰС˵ִ̫ˣϧ᲻ö֡
ĶӣҪѾӣҪֱӷȥڿˡ
ҼȻҸ㣬ȻͲ֣˳ѰĻ˵ﲢΪ⣬ֳʲô
֮ͻΪľˣ
ͷô˵ˣﻹܾЦӯӯĽðҾллˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1741.1741 Ҫʲôأ


1741 Ҫʲôأ
ź˺Ȳ裬ҲʶѰӵĸֲ˳춾
ǽ˸豭ճ
Ѱͷˣ;ƵĴ뿪
(qng)ĶʧıӰһĿɬСӾҪ˵ģϱӲ֪ʲôǷġ
ܼҵСүƢϲ㶷죬ʵֺγ׽ںء
ʵѰԲϲ˶һ춾ģܼҿ϶ҪΪǰϴס
Ȼɫ˼֣εСӣǱĸӳԵģ
ܼЦЦûнӻ
ѰؾƵ꣬ȥȿȡ
а棬ʣ⣬ǲǿȥǸѵս
ѰЦһ(jn)⣬ƣﶼȥ
ҲӦаɣ֪ԼƣȫǿѰϡ
Ѱͷţ
ͲҽһǵֵܲüȮͷеĴ
ѰЦվڸߴʱ̫ˣܾһжƿС
ֻ˵ڵʱء
Щڴôܲҳһˣ
ʱһȥͷѪģ
СӣĲЦЦĿ
һǸΨ²ҵģرϲԼңĶӣҲ֪Ǹÿ޻ǸЦ
ҪǽԼ뵽ѰĽɫҲӦû(qng)
ͷӺѰΨһůĸףǿнİҸôͷӲðͷĻҵˣҲǹƽġ
Ѱó֧ģ˼ȫǾ֪Ѱɡ
Ҳ˳㣬һˡЦЦ
һᣬ뿪ˣʱתͷҲȥо
ȥĵطǾкϷ
У
ڶһ磬ѬBƵ
լ֪ǼͷһԷȲ裬Ӧ(ͦͦ)ϲġ
Ҫǣ˵ͷsͨ
ץ񣬳Ѱһsͨ⣬ֵܽĶa
ֻܲһössͨͷУеطͨУֱ
sͨʮö֮ǰֻܵȥöõǵڰö
ͷҪʲôأôܰôҪĶ͸ˣǸֵ


1742.1742 ƽ


1742 ƽ
ԵһǵźܲƿǳǿѬBܹõϢҲĬųȥġ
֮ԸȫΪѰˣȻ˳ϣΪǸӹϵýڡ
ͬʱ˽֪߱ǸǿĽ
ҲΪƿǿԲŲ£Ӳġ
ѬBȴ֪ͷ뷨һ֪ºҪ
ȡôûеõȴһŮ˵õˣôôƽ⡣
ֻûǸܸıԼľ˶׼֡
ѬBֻԽо󣬻һȥ
оڲҹǵλãռرȽϹ㣬(to)ŲϹ˾˾ȣЩ˾ȫѼҡ
ҲǵһǵооԺơ
Ȼڵһǵţȴֱƹܣṩϵȷƣ˴֮϶Ҳܸߡ
³ѬBֱӴ͵оܲ
ʱԱεˣѾڻš
˽뿴˹
ѬBߵεİ칫ǰЦŶλŵһߡ
λо׶ʦͬʱҲһssĻʦ
׶ʦλǵС㣬Ѿͬоˣ׶̬ȴźŨ𾴡
׶ȥһλȽ͵ߣԺЩʦư
ܿվ()Цź֣С㣬ӭļ룡
лҲЦݵĺ֡
ó˵ֻǱ֣ʵ()ʲôģҪӴ֪֮Բ
׶ˣ˶sĻ״ʦ
˶̬һ㣬(r)(qng)Ҳû̫䵭ǶԴһ¼оͬ¡
׶ε¶˶ȤС㣬ҿܻףҾǻ׽һͻƣ֪ܲܽ£
Ҳȷоְ񡣡ȿĻˮƽ
óλ±ȽϽЦ˵ðҼȻоȻûбҪҴţҲ׷ļ
׶ЦЦ˲ϲȦ˷ʱ䣬ȷ˴˵ĿģǲܸõĹͨ
ȥɣ׶
ã


1743.1743 Ͷ


1743 Ͷ
ڴʱѰҡڵ˽()ϴоͳһΡ
Ѱ֣׶Ц
ߣûˣԵֳƺѰðǳƺԼߡ
Ѱ׶λssĻ״ʦǰĮȻ棡
ҪȥĿ()ϡ
׶˵ѰĹϵܲЦҪСȥһ£Ȼȷְ񡣡
ѰȻ˵Ҳһȥ
ã׶ȻϲѰ߹ȥļ򣬡պһĿҾɺܶˡ
оs״ʦֻѰܹĽͼ
ѰҲԴŻʦ
ãѰס
ѬBҪһȴ׶תͷ˵٣лС¾ȥæɣ
׶ѬBa״ʦǲʸġ
ѬBǲˬϼһҲǸͶġ
ֻ׶ǰɲҷҾȻȥˣ
С㣬æøҵ绰㣡˹Ŀ˵
δشѰƳһۣڣֵõ𣿡
ѬBȻѾϰܵܵţɵʦǺ棬ǾЩѿ
ߵܣҺСɡ
Цٵĺˣһһһ뿪
ѬBЦҲһͶģͿôоȥ
ܽģ׶(qng)ˡ
Сͺϵάŷȡ
ãߣͷ
ѬB뿪׶ѰsĻ״ʦĹ䡣
ȥֱ֮Ӵնһݻ׹ͼ㿪ʼֱ
һsİƷܻף׶뷨ҪһԪصġ
aĻ״ʦʵʶsĻȴİ
ҪߵĺļͲܲ׾ҪóԼıºͳ
ǿ깹ͼϣܿͽ״̬٩٩̸Լ
˵׶״ʦסˣȻˮƽôߡ
Уֻܻ׵ںϣ˲Ǿ˼Ͱ
Ǽ˺ܿȫͶȥѰҲʱʱķԼ
˻׵ķѾǵڶ賿ˡ


1744.1744 ֻʶʶȤ


1744 ֻʶʶȤ
׶űĻ׹ͼʮָˡ
͵ĿģǸ׷ľţԭΪ߾Ѿˣû뵽Ҳ˿ѷɫ
л佱ЦЦ
׶˵һµĿҪż룬ҪͺһҵΣ
ֻһְλܲȴֿ(r)ġ
׶ûѧ()Ϊss״ʦʱӴҵõָ㣬Ժ֣sĴʦǶȡ
ĿǰΪֹ׶ֻһѰһûڡ
sĻ״ʦû뵽׶ֱ뵽ǸµķĿȥ
ԭҪ˵ȴ׶һֹˡ
Ǳ˴ðˣðҵң
ѾˣȻȥϢɣĿʼʱٹ׶ȥżƣ롣
ãҲעϢһˡ
Ѱ뿪󣬹Զϡ
һ״ʦ̲ס˵ԺµĿǹڳܻ׵ģǸͲţô룬أ
׶֮ǰº͵ݴʱѾĮޱȣôǸһţƻҪļ룬һкܴ
˺ĵ죬ҪһͻȻǣй¶ȥô죿һ˵ĵʡ
׶ɫ乴˹ȥ˭˵ܻȥģ
ҪĿɹˣʶȤԶҲˡ
ҲᣬҪǲʶȤҪ뿪ôֻ˲ؿƿ
ҲǿϧҩоǸϼһѾɹо˿ҩҪǽȥʵ壬һġ¶ζͷ
sĻ״ʦɵô˸ǲˣλҩоλѣһǱ̬
ֻλǳı̬ӣλȴͣڱҲܺãֻӴ˲֪˿λ̬ᡣ
ˣȥú׼ʽʼĿһҪɹŰڰ֡
˲ٶԣĵͷǣ
һߣһѰĳϣַϴŵӡ
⳵ȫ𣿡ʡ
Ѱ£ڳϵһأͻȻΣȻһСͷɵ
ԼģѾܹǳȫ
ٴδһ̵Ӱ֣һܸӵĴ롣
ѰԭеĪɽһĻȴɵõɴ۾
ֻһƴͶӰϷʾ뿪󣬹ദ(qng)ͶԻ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1745.1745 


1745 
ͶӰϵ(qng)͹ͬģҲ֮Աʽ򿪿
Ѱɵ趨ΪԶģʽͷһ
׶˵ĻеԽ
뿪䣬׶ȥԱߵϢŽͶӰرա
ѰĿʣôģ
ʵ벻ͨô׶¼صģֲ̫Ǽء
ʮ꿪ʼ׶֪ԷĹ䱣()ǳãרŵķص豸ֻҪһЯĶȥͶžͻᱨ
ҲûҼҷŪ߼豸ܹźԴĲ̽Բ˷֡
֮ǰȥһϴּʱ򽫼صӵ˹ĶϣԶܡ
Ѱ֪ںڿƼļԽԽţ棬û뵽Ѿֵز
ǼͳСһɣӵĶϣҲױֵġ
˵Ϊм豸С
Ц˵ôôСԼСŵŦ۴Сɡ
֮Բ˷֣һΪ()ĸܣΪһط
ַֻҪ֮()ۻǼ豸ǲܿġϰƳģЧܸܡ
ڷ׭ϸһƾرա
Ѱһ˵ַҲǹҽһֶ𣿡
ǣҰֵרֻóˮ֮ģóƷ׭
ֻѰȲѡ
ĵǵȻˣҰ
Ѱģ̲סƼҵļˣҲһĽNɪģȻһˡ
ᱻ־ͺã
ĿʣûоĹҲǿ̽оĻˡ
һʼû׼ôΪ(qng)ǳУķǸ׶ƶѺãȴһֶ⡣
Ū˸أ뿴ԼжϵǲǶԵģҲܸݶԷıΣա
˳Ҳλssʦıжţ((Ʊ))
ѰνЦЦ֣Ҫܽоҩоˣһøã
Զǣʮ׶ֶĵĿ⣬ͼ()׹Ԩ
һֱзͷĶӣԷԼûгɹŷָѾԷǰˡ
˾֣Ҳ׼Ҫо׶ȫٵġ


1746.1746 ֪ô


1746 ֪ô
оѰ()ɢһֱ֮Ǹ׶֮ʮ**ʲôìܡ
ܴĲЩ
֧ҽоˣʡ
ѰͷپͻٰɣҪʲôһ㡣
ٵĻеѶȣҲڵʱ٣ҿ϶߲ˡ
һתݻоĻļǸ׶һġ
ǸĵļһȻ׼ȥо**ʵ飬⣬ͲܷŹ
ҿӣϼһûٺоۣͬһЩ̬(qng)
ܲߵĸ߼ʦǣ¶ô̬޼𣿡ɵʡ
Ѱһĵͷɣһ㲻ǵŶԸˡ
ȻԺЩ϶±Ƚ˽ģɱܲҪܶࡣ
ðɣ߸оǱ̬Ӫûʲôƣ
֮ǰܲնˣûзɿԣ˶ԣ͸ûԼֻ˭ǿ
׵ľ()ǿʳı֡
ѰЦ￴ŷʣȴҲĺڰͰֻ࣬ǻûпˡ
ǳҪٵؽֱӳ׻ˡ
ȻûҲﲻļƽȥ䣡
ȥǰɡ
Ҫȥо볬ܻ׵оƶʱڲȥ
ȥǾˡ
Ѱûзԣã
˷ɵԶк̣Ҫ۵ĻÿϢ
ֽԱߵӵ£кüģʽԼѡ
ã£ѡһ˯ģʽµԶΪȽʵ״̬
Ϣᣬºң˵ͱ۾
ѰҲԼӵģʽű۾
ɵѰģҲܲʶ־
ԺܿͳܲڵǣռԾصռ䡣
Ѱ۾ڵͷ巢һϢǵǸˡ
Ҳ۾Ū·嵥Ϣ
Ѿˣǻȥġ
ʣĻܲǱ߿϶֪㽫˷ˣȻߣ
Ѱü֪ôѵǻҪЩǿɶҹ
ͷӿڣûκ˸Ҳ硣м˵
ңͷͻԲᡣ


1747.1747 ô򵥣


1747 ô򵥣
һҲԣѾʶѰڵһǵŵĵλһ()
УֻҪͺã
ѰЦЦĿˣ
˵ôûûΡ˸ۡ
ѰЦһ˵˰ɣ
ȻһʼҲǱõĿģǾôʱദǷ˼ʧ
ͷϵĿȻҷѾ㵱ˣ
ѰǲԾ˭ϡĺˣ
ûİһۣ()
ɵٶȺܿ죬ǿҲԶСʱ󣬵ִ︽
˿˵ǻжʮܵǵȵȰɡ
ã׿ʼĲˬѰòϣǼһǸ
ʮӺһҹŵһǵű־ķɴڸ
ɴĲŴ򿪣ʻŻ׳
Ѱ򿪲
ɴͽȶѰЦЦþò
Ѱĵͷþò
֮ǰͷ׶սʱȥΣͷҲǿϤ
ִӺļϣǼƻô𣿡
˵Ѱƹǿǣֱӹȥ˳С
ô򵥣¡
ЦĿǰô򵥡
Һһȥ𣿡һڡ
ѰֻҪһͻ᲻ⲻԾΪϰˣȥһɣ
ãȥϧԼϱһʱ⡣
ԽأԷʡ
Ǹһ()ӦûͷһŶԡ
Ц˵ǰȥһ˴Ӹˣ
Ǹһսģźܲ˳ۣô˸ʰá
ЦãҪˣ
Ȼ֪ôʰԽǼһòƺη硣
ǻáһ㶼ͬ(qng)Խ
Ѱʻŷɵǡ
ʱŵսװǵһǵŵģǷʱôɡ
ִܲһ
ʱǵʹڲԶȴ
ˣЦ
ѰȻ󹧾кս˧
ǻֱսŹܣѰͷ˾Ȼҵ
ֻǲ֪λүôͻȻѪܵ


1748.1748 


1748 
ѰһĮģ
ڣѲ¼Űɣ
е£ȴΥһƣս˧룡
ͷ壬Ҳʮֿġ
ǰţµʹһȻȸϿȥ鿴ûʲô⣬ɲλүˡ
Ѱ˵һῴˣ˵һ
ţͷ
Ǿһһļ߶鿴ŵ˷Ϊü֡
Ҫȥʹһ׼У()ϵɷ٣մ˲ٵ
ҪһЩȥľˣӦǴץġ
ҪǾһЩŮ˺СȥȽϿ
ЩŮ˴õģ()ϻкۼһЩС()ҲУ֪Ǿܹʲô
Щüͷɵ壬һҪٵŭ
ӦþѰ˵İһ档
ǣǰɣͻȻһڵŮ˵ǰдһ־İˡ
һŵĲŮ˺ͺӣҲ̲ס׷˹°󣬡ǣǰɡ
۵һƬҪʱԣֱӶˡ
ѰϰΪô£ҲǷµģ
ԭΪѰǵ(qng)˽ģĿͻȻЩ
ǴǴģҲвﷸļ
ȻмٲǷﱻ͹ġ
ѰĿʣΪʲôҪǹЩŮ˺Сӿɲܸɻġ
ǻǵһǵŵǣʵԴǣкܶĿԴҪɣͶǹŵﷸǡ
ЩŮ˺ͺӣͲǷ¸ɻġ
ʿˮ⣡
Ҳ֪λү()ôģ᲻ִЩ棬Щ˵ʵ
˵Ѱӱ䣬ȥ飬ǳܲס
ӲͷƤЩŮ˺ͺƽøɻֻźصĽʿһЩﷸɡ
оѰ()϶ɢһƣæⲻŪģÿǶ(qng)
ǼʮŴǣ˿ūȷףϿ춪
Ѱ۾ԭ(qng)
˼ǰߡ
()һξ룬þӳֻ֣˲õʣ𣿡
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1749.1749 ǲ͵


1749 ǲ͵
ͷ嶼ͬ˼
ĵطӦôڣȻˣܡ
ѰǰҲ뷨
ֻЩطӦôڣҹҲһ
˶˵ߵ(qng)֮Ҵȥҹǹ䣡
ãͷ嶼оЩء
ԽԽڰֻŮ˺ӱַ˲ٳƯ꣬һĥȫ()һ
ںһη˱ǡ
˵(qng)ȥУҲȽǱģ
Ѱһͷɫ֪Ҫҵˡ
ʣ⼸ô£
ĻصǣսǱߵһӣѺΪûжۣ߻ûдá
ҽ˴ˣѰĿκ˽͡
ҷԣֻϣλүϿߣǣͰţ
ı˿ͷ嶼㶣Ȼû뵽ǻ
û¶ɫˡ
ֻû뵽һ˧磬Ȼ˵ҪǾҪǡ
ⲻǺһֱĿѵڵһǵʲô˵()ݣ
˶Ǵˣһ¾Ͳ³˴š
ҵ飬˷˳
սŵս˧ǸȥԹô֪Լ˵档
Ϊ˺ãǲСǵ
ǣ˵ͷһ䡣
Ѱһ뿪˹Ľ͵ſڡ
ս˧ҪҪԶٱ㷹СĿѰʡ
ѰƳһۣưķʣ𣿡
һҭϱŽӲЦݣ䣡
ǲ͵ˣ
Ѱú˵µ˷ɵģʽһȦȻһȥʻǡ
ŷɵʧϵЦݲű()ȡ
ϴ˱ٴˣҪôٽ()һʡ
һôʵ˵Ҳٵġ
Ȼٴһ绰Ǳ˵Ѱߵģǲùˡ
ɵߺܿͷɳǡ
˿ѰʣҴֱϿλս˧
ЦŻصǵʱҵصһǵܲǴСӣֱսŵս˧
ԭˣ
ȻĳԤѾоЩľˣǾ̾εﶼţ((Ʊ))ˣ


1750.1750 


1750 
Ѱģʽ趨ãصѾչĿ¡
Ͷ˱ˡ
˴֮ʶ꣬Ҳûʲô⡣
ԱʣҲ̫çײˣҪǶԵһǵŻüֵѾûˣ
²µóһǵŸռƻˣӦ֪˱ԵͼҪ(jn)֮һȥϾǱȽϤ
ЦǵʱҲû취
мأ˲롣
ʢ̾˿Ѿˣ
У㡢塢ԽǼ⣬Ķȫˣ
еԼȥ(())ʱˣеϴִмƻʱġ
Ҳ̾һȥ֮󣬺úõչǵļɡ
ţҲʢյ˵뷨
ʢЩ()ֹ״ѰԼˣ֪Ե͵򣬳ɼ(qng)ϣ˲æҪ˵ʲô˵ɡ
ɼͻȻɵİɣ˼ٿǿȴҲܿƵúܺãԲԽߡ
ӵһЩɼ̫ΣǵʱȥѶһͨȻʾ䣬ȴſ϶
ͷţҸɵģ
ʢ˵ѰԼˣҲûԥֱԵ˵ܳɹȻɼˣɵһǵĺǿǵ׸ôֹأ
ԴһǵţȥܲѶȥǣҲ˲˽⡣
Ҳ˲ŷ֣͵һǵŵʵ̫ˡ
ǸǺСҪı䷭̣ȫϣ
˵ᶼ˴ģҲģһǵȷʵǿǲӲգ취ͺã
Ȼ˱ȽƵļƻ֪ͨǲ룡
һԲ䣬ǻǡ
Ҳ֪ʲôʶȤĵͷã
忴Ѱ˵⼸׼ߵǣЩ޹˾ȳȥһͻǡ
óܶŮС꣬һЩǱǵġ
ȥܲ뻢(Ѩxu)ţҲ(qng)ˡ
ѰЦû⣬Ҹṩÿǵϣ㿴Űͺã
Ҫǲҽ㣡ֵ
ЦҡҡͷʱãҲǿķԸǾͺá
ǿ˵᲻Сֵá
ԼƣϵϵͳٻϵͳŪ㲡ԼϱĶۣҪһǲѡ
1920~~


1751.1751 Ҷ


1751 Ҷ
ôţѰҲǿ֪˲д()ӡ
˵ĶԻ˵ٴαˢ¡
ѰǴС𣿻ֱսŵս˧Ȼ˶ԼҵĻظƻǴ˵еĿӵɣ
Ȼǿɵöһ˿ȻΪӵͷ廹Ѻദ
Լ˵֪ˡ
Ѱûʶ֮ǰҪص뷨ֹɲ
ֻҲÿڽ͡
磬ѰܲսӣʼϸǾ˵ļƻ
׼ѰȥоĿ֮ٿʼִС
ȥѰֻԼϽһٶ(qng)壬⼸ʮϽҲһ𷢸˷壬öԷȥڰɡ
ܲȥƵϢһ
ѬBԭԼȥģһ뵽ƻϷ(qng)ĪľЩ
ԥҪҪԼѰһ
ȥһұȽɫĲͣ˳һȥ˲ҹ
ҹǲҹֳҲߡ
ǵݼȻֳȴкܴ
ݼߵ¥װ޿ȥȽϸϴ
ҹֻͣܿһܴɽš
ǽڵص׵ģӴͷüʡ
ѰЦţһʮ˲㣡
Щ(qng)ҪŪʮ˲ôЩǵ档
ÿһ㶼治ͬĻ𣿡ʡ
Ѱͷǰÿһ淨ͬǰʮʲô˶Խ()ݵ˲ܽ
ҲֻȥһΣҲϲֵطдż
ЦϲͻˣҶ
Ѱü߰ɣ
ȻŮ֪
ߵſڣվŵķԱЦŹӭ١С㣡
Ѱޱ(qng)ļǰߣԷԱͷ
źһЩ̬Ц˹٣Сã
ʲôЦʡ
ѰͣʲôҪ㱨
̬ЦɣٵȻһ㱨
ĸλСڻ㱨ǲô
Żһת˵ֻСһλȥ漸棬Ǿ͵ָƺͺĤ֤
أˣ°Сʱ~


1752.1752 ͽʮ˲


1752 ͽʮ˲
Ѱ䣬ȴû˵ʲô
ڵǾ¼ɣҵһȥġ
С룡̬Ӵȥǰ̨¼ָƺͺĤ
¼ɺ(r)(qng)Ц˵СѾΪǲҹĹʮ˲㶼棬Ԥףÿģ
΢΢һЦζ˵ллһ濪ĵģ
߰ɣѰһΣȻûô棬Ϥ
˳ȥ˵һ㡣
Ķǵŵƽ񣬿ȥñȽϵףŮŮ§һǹŴȽϵͼ¥һ
еĶһر
һȦӲӦŮпľ
⿴һȦüڶ㿴
ţѰֻ
ЩŮ˶Ǳץ𣿡һһʡ
ѰͷţǴģȴĳطѵϸ˲Ż͹
˭Ĳҵӵģʡ
ѰҡҡͷͷûйŪ˽²쿪ģҺü綼ιˣ
ˣ˵ǰ裬ҪϷߣȻ׷ܲһ٣ʱֵúܴ󡣡
üͷĸȻ£ʲôǸҪɫߡ
ͷȻ裬ʲô̫Բһˡ
Ѱ࣬ϼһЩ˲Ůˡ
ȥ˵ڶ͵㣬ҲһӪҵĿһһ߼㣬˿ͺŮĲθߡ
ȥ˵Ĳ㡢͵㣬ҪԶĲΪ
˿óܲĵλиеͣͨǵųԱҲвʵǿǵսʿ
ЩĺܷһǳеĶͽ
ֻһȦͷ˺ü𣬶Щ˾ͽźѹȥ(qng)
Ҫ䲻Ȼϵضĵطֿš
̣ܲȴͬ(qng)֮˱пɺ֮
ԽߣɫѰԽԽӽ
ļıȽѪȣ˺˵ս˺ͱ޵ģǵߵ˻߹ע
ֱŵսˣǴץĻսʿ()ϴŵսװûиԽǴѪȣעһԽ˷ܡ
һ㣬ʵҲӣעĹ()ҲԽԽߡ
һֵУһˡ
еɫԽԽ䣬Ȼʮ˲㣬ͽʮ˲ɡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1753.1753 ǲҪ飿


1753 ǲҪ(qng)
Ѱ˳Ŀ⿴ȥĳһսװӡ
йĿǰˣһβμӹֱĿ½
֮󻹺һȥǲԴ⡣
½򱻴ſ£ȫѪüڵҪ˽𣿡
ȻǩܳҪ˵ĻЩҲҾܾ
صãӮ
Ķ(qng)ԾӦ÷ҩֻҪڼһӾܷΪʤ
˵뿪ʱ͵͵ߡ
Ѱ㶣Ҫǰ()ӣ϶һʱͻ˴ˡ
ǲҪ(qng)ʡ
ͷȻ
ðɣҿҲ䣡Ѱеģ½ȻѹŴ򣬵ȴȽ㡣
ֻǴ֮Ʊػˡ
ڣǵƺܺôҲûʲôˡ
ն˷һϢһᰵн½ߣһۿ
Ȼһ֮󣬷ҩ˿ʼƣǼûһֻ̨֪սĻ½ץסᷴӮˡ
߰ɣǼȥ濴½̧ȥеɫûȥ
Ѱû
ּߣܿ͵ҪָƺͺĤܽ㡣
Ů㡢ĳĳ⣬ֻǱҪĸ߼ܶ࣬ȻһרŹϲֵ֮ͯĵط
δŮץŮͯͯš
ˡ
滹һȥ֮󣬲ٷ﷢Ĳҽʹ
ѰͣרŹ巢йĵطץ˽вˬ޴ʹøֶĥ(qng)йЩ()ϡ
ĵطȷʵôڡԽԽ䡣
һȴ漸Ȼ෴һֽԡ
вٵĿ¥ϲͬݼ֣ڱȽġ
ҲǲҹǵȨƵĹ߶
Ȼܶ˶漸ģʱһԼȥ漸档
ѰоеɢҪҪҸ᣿
ͷá
Ѱ˿˸䣬˽ȥ󣬷Ա費Ҫ񣬱ܾˡ
ȫ͸Ĳ˺󣬿زȫǸƯĺв׺ޡ
ר()޵ʳôһ̶Ŀڴ򿪳涪ȥ˷ʩˮѺȻۿɱ
ЩƵģʮһĺҲ޷ײơ
1930~~


1754.1754 һôɵ


1754 һôɵ
ĺԼޣɫеʧ
ʣطӺ󣿡
ѰصʵҹǾںϽĳУһŷǳ߼ĺǡ
оԺҪֱȡеʵ飬Ϊʡµｨˡ
ҲǵһǵܲչʾƼʵǿһ
ϾǱ߾ֵز
˹(ͦͦ)
̽һ飬ְûаװκεļ豸˽()(ͦͦ)õġ
Ѱ²³ӹܣֻһİûмأĶУȻ쿪ģҲ̽**
һЦ⣬ͺã
ڰȵңҳȥһȦͻ
ѰüҪǿȫʮһߡ
Ҫ(qng)ôɵȥǣͬü
ѰҺһȥ
ãڰҴڻԼȥͺˡ
վ()ӿռóһŷ()ϣģа취㶨
()ϵķ˾ȻʧѰǰ
Ѱ㶣ʲôط
ǣǸ߼()ҰƵģǱʵǿ߲ſܿƣߺͼ޷ҵġ֡
ҳȥһˣڰš
Ѱ֪ҪȻ()ǿ϶Ͳ򵥣Уҵ㣬Сĵ㡣
벹µһʱնϵҡ
ã
ѰͼŴһ죬ֺܿˡ
ֱսҪܲߵİȫȣԱȽŵù·Ϣڸ
ȥߵ˸ǰȵĵط
зԱÿһͶȥҲ˽ȥ
żںȾƿ񻶵ˣߵ͸زóŷֱڲϡ
ѡĶиĲӺɳ档
ָڷԱһ˰š
һֱһֻҪаſţͻȥŷ
תƵĴԼһСʱңʮ䡣
ѡİλγһ״ʮ˲Χ
ص˰䡣
()ժŽ˿ռ䡣
ֵķ׭ˮƽܸߣ()֮ʹúüΣΪ


1755.1755 һ


1755 һ
Ѱֱ()ӡ
ˣʡ
ߵͶŶǸطϣ
Ȼħóʮ߼ֲǸͶι˽ȥʹЩֲźˮҹɢγһ״Χ
ˣ뿪ɣͶιڹת()Ѱ˵
ѰľٶЩ⣬ʮı޾һѶײġ
ЦЦײֻҪײˣ
ˣǸֱսǲܵάҹǵİȫʡ
ѰʧЦ֪Ҫ£Ѿڸˣ
ͺãһˣǸϿ콫ץЩĥȫ߰ɡ
ô˵ͷˣǹƥ޷˾ȳȥҲΪҪ(qng)Щ⵽ѡ
ѰܺҪλҲûʣã
һ˰䣬Ҫ¥ʱ
ˣЦ˵Ҳ棿Ҫˣ
ǴѰҹ棬ʱġ
Ѱ䵭˵ûʲô˼Ȼȥˣ
֪Ѱϲֳ棬ǿС㲻᣿ﻹиᣬҪҪ
ҡҡͷЦűȽ԰׵˵ˣҲϲ̫ˣ
ͻȻԼԶԡ
ѹѰῴ綼һᰡ
ڨڨЦЦߵܡСߣ
Ѱûж˵뿪
ݺ֮ϵЦҲʧЦһûҰѾͷ
ҲιˣǿֻҪǮ׬ˡ
ԭĺ(qng)ѰŪûˣר䣬ܿ켸ƯŮȾơ
Ѱ뿪ҹ
ʲôʱʼѰʡ
Цһ뿪ͳ£᲻̫ˣ
ѰЦ˰ɣֻҪˣǶҪΪصɷģ
У㶼⣬Ҿ͸νˣʼ硣
óһŷһὫЩȫը׼˰ɡ
ѰŰɣըǲļڶ޷ѵġ
ҹҲܹ⽨ڵص׺ˡ
Ƚŵ˵ҷŵҰƵıƷһŪ˵רŸʴҩĨȥоųɵĳɹʣİɣ
Ѱ˵ʲôãʱ׼Ԯ


1756.1756 ȫ㲻


1756 ȫ㲻
ע֮ǰֽţŷЩǣϡ
ܿ죬еķһŻ𣬽ȫճɻҽ
ԼʮӺ󣬲ԶĲҹͻȻʮ()ľ졣
ضҹǸҡΣǴһ㡣
Ҳͬһʱ䣬ҹ˾
ѰԮü𣿡
Ҳ̫ôĴˣȫ㲻
صģҷ˷ֵܹСʱң㹻Ԯˣ
Ҫһȥ˰ɣʡ©޹˵
ȻʥĸΪԼ޹֮˵()
ĿҪǽⰹĵطݻˣЩĥܹ롣
Ѱ˵ĺνֻǵְĵط
ʱ䳤ˣҲЩӰ죬Уϻ߰ɣ
ţ
׷ϻȻ徢˲ҹ
ʱܶ˴˳ֱսʹˣҲ׷׼ʻ׾Ԯ
ʶſרȥѲ鱻©ˡ
ŴѰȥȣֽ֮սŵˣѾȡ
ʮ߲˶˳ȥѰһơ
ѰʻŻ׶㿪֮ǰڵʮ˲͵ʮ߲ķʧ
ҹĺˮӿ
ٵĻҲһ̳һɹǿսҲ˳
Ѱʻ׽ȥͼʮں()ʮһսٹ嶼
Щˣһ㶼⣬ֻûá
ҹץ˾˳ȥҲѸټʻ뿪
źˮҹûŲҹǵӿ
ֶֿܷܲΡ
ܿӵصһ֣ҹУˮ޷ĴڲϽֻܿҲ޷
սҲйҹ֮ȻǸͷһֻʮһβɨ顣
ܿ죬ٵһǵŵĸ߲ڸ
һСͷɵϣ쿴ٵĲҹ̲סô˭ɵģ
ȫѪͶ˴Ĳɵ߾۱裬ȻôˣҪץˡ
飬úõĸҲ飬ҪǲΪģһҪʬΣվ()ܵĶһͨ˻
ǣ˵ľȥ顣
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1757.1757 ܻ


1757 ܻ
һǵܲרŵĶӢӣͻ¼
ܿһʮɵĻսӵִҽ뱻ˮϯĲҹĻսʿֵĺȫɱˡ
ֽûں׵ļ豸ȫ˳
Ѱ״ûжų뿪
صƵûãѰ˾ͽ½˹
½()ϵѾã˭Լһֱڷ״̬
ȽƵķ俴󣬽ŵһ¾ͷˡ
ô㣿ȲѵĿɳϵ
Цվ()½磬þò
ȹ
½߹ȥ£Щʣԭңô
ЦŽͣһǵ߽ͣýҺȥҹͿˡ
Ѱҵĺѣ½Ѱ
½ץʱ䲻̣Ѱ֣Ǿ£Ȼû뵽پĺѡ
ܹԼȻϵӦ(ͦͦ)ģȻ
٣лˣµľЦŶѰ˵
ѰĵãлУ
½Цŵ֮һĵġ
һҲҪˡ
½ˣʣô
½̾˿˵ͳɼһǵţ֮뿪˭֪ųȥûþͱץ˻
ɼͻȻĪȥһʼֽţץѶһǶԷԼģŷҡ
ûȥȴץס͵Ȳμ
µĲ࣬˵½ҲǱˣϾԳɼֽŵ
óһŵҩݸ½򣬡½磬ҩ˱Ƚá
½ҲûȽΣӹҩ£Ҷ֪Ҫôлˣ
Ҳѣ½粻
췢(qng)˵һѰ뿪³ȥˡ
½Ҳ֪ҹˣúпܺйأãҪ鷳ˣ
ˣܹȥˣĻǺܿġ
һᣬѰ߰ŵ˵ˡ
½վ()Ҿˣ㱣أ
²϶ʲôҪ(qng)ҪʶȤûжʣҲûȰ˵뿪
վ()Ҫȥſڣ½Ҳأ
½ߵſֹͣŲϴŵһȥͨµݸܻã
˵ʲô첽뿪
1930~


1758.1758 ԲǴ


1758 ԲǴ
źԭλϵо
Ū˰Ҳûпʲôġ
ѰҲóⷽ棬ӹȥ˻ᣬʾ
ͨ˺ͷնˡ
()Ӱڷ䣬(qng)Ŀʣ(i)ģôˣ
ʱϵӦʲô¡
е˻Σ½(qng)˵һ飬ӦòʲôŪ㿴а취𣿡
ϸ˿еȻ˼ַ
úĵ׹Ķ¾ˣһָ׿ǴСоƬ
ʲô⣿оƬ
ǷȽóģ㽫оƬпλãƽԡ
ã
ն˵绰ȴŷ롣
ҹǵĸ߲ң⣬źü߲㣬о졣
֮ǰײ㱻ȳ˵˵Ҳš
ֻڣѬBҲڣǶ˲ҹ
ܿ죬һսװ߽˻ңղžӢӴӲҹȡļغϷŵǰ
죬ڲ鿴𣿡ʡ
ͷ
ʲô𣿡ʡ
ӻص֣ǷʮĲͻȻƣǱװǳǿЧԴҲۼ
ƽǷڰʳ̫ܽʮȴͻȻ˶ʮֻ˵ԲǴɡ
ըİרҵʿѾ˺ü飬ֻһЩߵϢľûˣ
ɫѿ˼㣬һȺ
ûȥҹʡ
ܲ޵ģҴ֪ļλ
ӻصϸһܶûڲҹ֡
õƿĵط
ڲҹѰ(qng)߽벻ҹļأȫһ顣
ôһ˵ڳ˶㶣㻳ٺɵģ
ţΪʲôǲҹʱ򶼺һͳˣǸɲǸֵȻҲ²ЩƣȴܾúӦйء
ӵͷ
콫sͨҲ˶ע˼֡
˼ддŽӵĵ绰˿һСʱʣµ»ûд꣬2030~~


1759.1759 Ѳ˸ϵ


1759 Ѳ˸ϵ
(qng)췢ѾͷȻƷŮᡣ
˵ըܺйأ˻ǲǻ쵰ѰĹϵٴ͵ɽܲˡ
(qng)һӵĳ裬ͻҧгݺ޵
רŵѰ벻ҹƵء
֮ڳ˶üͷ
ȻƵ̫ˣѰûκĶֻһˡ
(qng)ڳĺܶ˶Ѱ½ȽϾһμӹֱ㡣
һûƷֵĺۼܾﲻԾ
ϸһأ˽ܲԱϢ
죬ƷﲢûܲͲҹֵĺۼ
ڵҸղŲ˲飬Ʒﻹڵһҩ˾֯һҩķᣬûʱ䡣
ʵҲɺƷйأϾܲߵûôġ
ҾºӦ÷ֲϵ
ΪѰעϸо(qng)
ǸŮ˴ӳʼûвµʱ
ѬBҲһͲʡ͵ĵƣΪʲôǰ£һȥҹͳˣԺѲ˸ϵ
Ȼ벻ͨôģ߼ϵ
ϴξƻ(qng)ʵǸ̵̫()Ӱ
λܺߣ֮ǰʮ޵İΧȦˣԣҸյҹ뿪˵ҹ̫ˣĶ
ߵʱ̫ǡˣ뿪ʮ˲İͱˣôܡ
ѬBҲżɿ
ȷʵɺйأҾûйϵҲҪ⣬ܽѰҲһˮ
ԭϵˣŵͳһ˿ھ
ɫȻԽԽ()(qng)ƷɵģΪ(qng)ó
ǻ쵰в֤ǻŮҲûǸܡ
ˣҲ̫ˣ̲סӡ
ӷԸȥץʣ
һӻѪĲҹˣʱֻҸйĿڡ
ͱˣ˭ƷŮпѲϵ
һ㶣죬ǸٵˣȥץĻ᲻᲻ã
۾һӵʲôõģھȥһѰ
һץģӲٶԣǣ


1760.1760 Ͼõ


1760 Ͼõ
ƵѰڵȷƽоƬ
ܿ췢Ƶ˽ͨ
()Ӱڷģˣ
оƬҪһǼ¼ͨǸĳ涴ꣻǳɼ͵һǵ߸߲㱳Ľ׼¼һЩϡ
Ҳ²оƬӦǳɼģһҽ׼¼ͺϷ㡣
Щ⣬оƬĶǿ϶ǳɼµĺ֡
ֻΪʲôܵ½Ͳ֪ˡ
½϶ǳɼˣܹжϵó
пѺ͵ĹУеõġ
ⲢҪҲ׼ȥʣ½оƬ˵Ӧ(ͦͦ)á
ǱͻȻ̽豸źţȹˣȻ㷢Ϣü˵
ͷã
ںڿƼһϣҷţ
Ƶܿ콫оƬ˽½׼¼ͺϵϴ˹
һ߽һ߿ԭɼĶҪ
˽Ůһȡ
Ͷ͵(qng)ĶӾȻ֡
졭һ߿һĺϲһĶ࣬ٵٺܶࡣ
һЩ߲ģҲ˳
ѰҲû뵽Щһﱳôϣ͵(qng)ɥĲ(qng)Ҳֻɫ߲ó
Щţָа
ЦŵţҪѬBҵն⣬Ҷ㴫һݡ
ѰЦãҶò࣬ˣ
ðɣҶ㻹£Ц
̸䣬ͻȻ
繦źŵȹرգѰͷ
Ѱ()ȥţվŵˣ˲²⡣
ʣʲô
٣ҹСȥͣʮί˵
֪λƢҵ
ѰһôȥȥͣڿʲôЦ
ɫ뽫()ϰɣ֪ŵ𣿡ʡ
ֻܹĽͣˣֻСȥЭ飬ڲҹ(qng)û˼
ŵˣ첻ġǿ
Ѱüҹ(qng)ʲôϵΪʲôҪȥЭ飿
ȥҹˣҪȥЭ飬ʵ(qng)ֵ̫ˡӵ
Ѱ֪ҪǲȥǱ߿϶ưոݣǵҴȥҹģȻҪ飬Ҳһȥ
漰ʱЩ˹Ͼõˡ
ӻô죬ܾλСڣûǸʸֻܵͷǣǾͷٺСˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1761.1761 ɻ


1761 ɻ
ӽѰ˻ҡ
˻λҪôʧɷû취ؽһҹȫˡ
˱һɻ
˽ȿڽͣ죬Сˣ˵Ҳȥ˲ҹԸһЭ顣
֪Ѱ()ӣӰڰ֣Уȥ
ǣɴ˳ȥ
쿴˿Ѱ
Ŀ()ϣò()ʺܺθڣҪǻƽָỨʱ͹ȥ棬ȴû(qng)
С㣬ǻɽҹ(qng)йأʲôҪ͵𣿡о֮ɫһͶʩѹ
Ҳһս
ɲУǰԼһλ£һе˵⻰˵ǸЦô֪ҹ(qng)йأ
֤أóҿ
ɢαϣ()վŵôô˶д𣿡
ڳ˳˳ǣŮ浱Լ͵أܲеԾ()
ò˵ӲһķʣҲһĴ
£ǵһôԼµѶɵÿ졣
ЦС治ƷŮɻ󡣡
Цеĵ佱ˣߵȻܶҰֵ
Сϲ裡Ҳۡ
ſ첽ȥƬ̺ŵѰǰ
С㣬ҹ(qng)һ¡˵
Ų豭ǿڿϣ˵ҺͲҹ(qng)йأǾó֤һͨǵ֤һһ͡
ǿտڰҽͣҺĪ
Լ(qng)Լ֪Բʲô֤ݵģЩ˾Ȼס
𾴾ƲԳԷƣ㲻̹׵ĻǾֶֻ㿪ˣ
ҪУüηĿ˹ȥ
ζ˵죬Ȼ֪㱻ҰǰĺܲңҲܳΪ㹫˽ɰɣ
ҽȥҹ(qng)ͺйˣ̫ң̫Լˣ
ָָԼҿֻһʮһأϳֳˣұģҲӦе߼ɣ


1762.1762 ֻñŵ


1762 ֻñŵ
һȦڳˡ
ߣǲǿΪǵһǵ̫ܲˣȻһʮһߣֳˡ
Цӯӯļһб£ҿȥǴһˣָ(r)ѵһء
㣡챻˵һҭͻȻ֪Ҫô粵
˵ɵģȷʵûκ֤ݣҪǴȥ˵ҪһǵŶҪŶ
һʮһܵСѾͷֳܲˣɲʲôֵ(qng)
ɾѾͷˣŹĻ־úܲˬ
ǿʶǸݵѾͷһ
Ų˾ϲ˵ʵѣ
챻ֻ첻ŵ̬ˣصӣҪɲǣӵĵ̣˵㡣
̧()ڣҺ°
ôû
ˣСȥѶңúд췢Ѿͷ̫˵ˣһСľҪᣬԻֱжɡ
սװ˴ӻһС˳ǣ
ȻѾѶ׼
ȷҪôɫδ䣬ɴŵԼʡ
Цӵĵ̣
Ѱ׼Ҫ˵ȴһȺҰ˵˵
ͣƷѹӣڻ֪أȷԼϵ͡
ǶƷе()Ӱֲɵģ֮ն˸ͲˣôϵƷ
ȴһɵӵҰôܿģ
ţҰֺԻ
һ䣬ڳ˶Ķͬһǣ㵱ɵı(qng)
ǲУƲƲ죬޴ĳЩడ
Ȼӿռóһŷעһռܲ¡
ڳ˾ͼеķͻȻһͶӰڻңƷ
֣һǽĲҹȴûκ֤ݣҪץ((Ʊ))Ʒų֣Ϳʼ״
Ƶͨӡʶ;ֻҪ֮ӵʶȻͨоͶӰ
ɵķ룬Щ޷ġ
ҲҪ⣬ֻñŵС


1763.1763 ̫Ҫ


1763 ̫Ҫ
ò˵Ʒ()ӰͻȻڻңһ
Ǹҿ϶ûʹκն˽ƵӣƷôֵģ
ӰǸо˾Ĳôģ
Ʒﾫһ۾Ů״Ȼ˼֣Ŀ()ϡ
ҪŮ((Ʊ))壬⵨(ͦͦ)ʵİ
쿴Ʒֵһ̣()岻ԾĽ˽һ˵Ŀ־壬쵰ʰĲ״·Ŀ
ܿȶ񣬳˵ﲻǣɲƷŵĵط
ǻŮͻ˲ҹйأǾ͵ýʡ
Ʒͣ˵²Ůɵģɵģֻ˵̫ˣҲ˼ó˵
ȻǸŮ˵Ļһ޵ᡣ
ô˵²뿪췳˵
Ʒ()ɢ⣬ҶұŮһָͷ
ʮܲ棬ѾңȥܲԼҵĺ԰һ򵥡
ʮвҪǸҶŮһ£ҾȫңǴԣ
ȻܰŵһǵܲûãȻͽҹˣŮ
㣡ϵȫǺƷͷ꣬쵰()Ǻ˽ģһ˵óõ
ˣҪó֤Ҳù£ҪǸʲôģҺܿܲʺЩ˵ȫҡƷﲻͷİڰ֡
Ʒ̫ˣֲûߣɾѾ꣬ԡ
ðתҪͬǸҶŮһ£ҲһϴɾҵšƷϴδܲʱѾȻȷʵȴҲû
ٴһҭ
Ͳ쵰ܵ
Ʒ̧̧°ͣУҽϵ(qng)
Ϊľ̫Զһܹͨάֵʱ䲻ǺܳӰ͸
ҪǸҶ㣬ңҹǡ
Цŵͷõģְ֣
ƷľʧŷҲ˻ҽ
˵ֶ˺üͬķҡҡǿԣһܲϵҰ֡
ڳһͷߣôб±ְ̫Ҫˣ
ѹô⣬(qng)ܺƷϵϣ⻹Ǹ鷳


1764.1764 ͵ʴ


1764 ͵ʴ
ĴʱҪˡ
¶ַ֮ɫܺãƷвҡ
ҾҪôȫңӻҪ̿ʣܹˡ
Ͳţ᲻ɵѾƷֻҪ׼˵ܽǻ쵰Ū
ԽԽÿм
ϼһﱻƢЦӯӯ˵ȷҪô
֪ԼҰְӦòȫвסԷĿصǼŭԼȱ
вӣӲһ(to)صӡ
ȥʣȻսװ˵
ǣҪץ
ûһ㷴վ()һǸСߣһζ˵
֮ǰҰָһЩϢ֤ݣ˽ӵ˭ĶӣűȽϳ(i)ͻȻȥֱ硭
ѽҪǽЩϢܲߵĸվϣ֪ǲܱͷ(r)ء
Ūô࣬뽫Щ˵⻹((Ʊ))ģ
ɫ˲˱䣬˼
ѾͷԣƷô֪Щ**ģ
ҪЩ(qng)ع⣬϶Ŀ϶ôˡ
ţ۵׻һĨɱȲͽȥˣһԴȥѶ
Ѿͷܼ֡
ȷת()ЦЦĿ
Ҫץˣر֣СѾͷҪЩ(qng)ġ
𣿿һ㶼û֪֮ôأʼ硣
㣡޲ھһѾͷǸһ̫ˡ
վ()һȥ̸
Ѿͷ˵ˡ
Ѱڴʱڣ壬ҴˣȷҪߣ
ˣڻǿʦҪоǱߵشĿоڽ˴ߣ˿ʦĿܸ𣿡
Źζ˵ܽͻؾƵĻĳЩӼ֤飬ܾͻŵͷϡ
вңŭɫĿѰ
Ʒв꣬ѾͷвѰҲвͻȻúί
ѰܵĵͷҪǽ⵱вǾвɡ
վ()ߵǰؾƵ꣬ˣҲý
ðס
˺ŵĵ˵棬ҡڳ˻ҡ
뿴죬˻ڻζѰĻǾԼһϡ
һƽѣת()Ҳ߳˻ңȻ׼ٴȥ
飬ȵ˽µЩ(qng)ȥƷ֪ͲѾͷˣ⡣
͵ʴף
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1765.1765 


1765 
Ѱصϡ
㵨治һĴͲǿнɱ𣿡
ɫ⣬Ƚĺ
ʼЦʲôµģ˵ŲҰ֣ҴɫܿҰп־УҶɱڵġ
˵ҪǸҽҴ߹Щϱ֤ڵһǵܲն֡ҷɲǳصġ
˵ﻹвٺöʮܣڲҹǴֺɹ()()ΪŮ㱾Ҳеġ
Ϊ׼·ŻôӦԡ
ѰʧЦ֮ǰųĴϣҲԵòˡ
üѵһ˼
Ͳ뿴ҧַʡ
˭˵ҪӼŵͷϵء
ѰУӮˣ
ǻŮ̾һ䡣
ϲŮ˶˵ˣȻרϲ͵(qng)߶з֣֮Ҫ֪Լñӣɫһʡ
ǸӼ㻹Ū𣿡ζĿ
ѰһĵȻҪŪˣ
ҧྫʣĺϷܴˡ䡣
֪ѰŹĻᣬ㲻鷳
ζЦǵˣʱųϢˮˣܿĹҧϷǾܸÿˡ
붮˼Ĵָã棡
ѰЦЦĿҲǺѧġ
һۣ(ƨp)
˵Ǹôϲ˵ңͷϲ֪ûбñ
ѰҪŮ˻˵ÿԲ飬˭֪ñҲǻã
صƵ꣬ºͷϵϡ
ΪƵΧӴ̽ѲȣûƵֻͨǷϢ
壺ղͻȻ֣оƬﻹһܼܵļҪŽһΣᷢء
ļȫ
壺ˣѰеϵҷ㡣
ã
ܿ죬Ǳ߾ͽļ˹
ݺסˡ
ԭҪϵѰնмû취ֻܵ档
ڶ죬ԭ׼ϢһģѰͽӵĵ绰ƵԷ


1766.1766 Źǵ


1766 Źǵ
ѰʱþƵĳһӵĲˡ
ôͻȻҳԷˣǰЦʡ
ǰŮдһ㶼Ҫ¡
ҪʲôˣԽԽòԡ
ûĵһۣʲô
͵ҳԷѰܾⲻ硣
˵ȻأһҪ(qng)
Ѱüʲô£
ȳ԰ɣ˵ڸû(qng)ˡ
ѰȻɻҪʲô˵ʵʵһȳԷ
ص£ʲô£˵ɡ
(ͦͦ)ġ
һļԼɣ
˵꽫ļͶӰѰǰԼ
ѰĪĿһַ̧ۣԽɫԽ䣬ȫ()ɢһ
⣬ϾļϵݣҲ
ļݱȽϾ
ҵ裬ɱˣͨ籨ŵ˾Ȼйϵ
ĸǿŰǵϢǶ͸¶֪ģֹ졣
óɼųȥʱҪ뺦ѰӣҪ뺦衣
лѰӵһеϵ
ҲΪЩˣĸӲŻᱻҵΪ˾ֶ
ļѰɳϱ۾վ()Ȼȥˣо
֪Ҫοվ()ļ򣬡ţ
Ѱ˲٣ҪȰ˵ʲôģܻܷꡣ
ˣ뿪˫һ㺮⡣
ůЩ˻ˣŹǵġ
(r)Ѱȥо
Ѱƽ䣬ȴҲûжʲô
׶˵ĵʾ˺ܴĻӭѰ⣬һμĿоĻһ𷢱۵ӡ
λ׶ӣҲһλ췽ţ塣
()ȥЩƧ䵭ֻǵ˵ͷк
Ҳ⣬һ׶Ĺ䣬Ŀʼ֮󣬹Ҳ֮رա
رգѰ˵ͱ༭õϢ˳ȥ
׶򿪹źŸնźŶΣΪ˱֤оᱻй¶ȥ
׶ƻ˳ǽȥоݣڳܻ׵ġ
ѰҲоŵоϡ
ȴ


1767.1767 Ǹ


1767 Ǹ
ҹٵô鶼鲻Ļ֡
콫ȥɺйϵºܿҲ˳ȥ
ֻҹǣߵĸ߲Ҳ֪ˡ
һǵ̽ӣҲһ
Ϣʱۻĸ߲Ƕ𾪡
˵ƷŮȥ˵һǵܲȻ֪ôģҹˡ
ô(qng)Ȼ˵ˣѹǶûϢ(qng)ȥҹˡ
治ƷŮ̶һޣҹǱߵҲ֪ǲӻˣȻŪ˹ȥ
ôģҹǲҹֳô߲ιɣʩӦĺܵλ
Ҳ벻ͨ޷粻ˣһǵǱ߲ûκݾ˵ȻҲǡ
ǰȻúܲ˼飬оаţҲǲܷġ
ֻأ߻յϢ뽫ȥʣȻ˺üϳòҹǱߵĸ߲㶼ˡ
£ʲôϣ˵
Ǹɫߣֻߵѻ鸾ˣȻﹴ˶ң˸˽ӣ(i)Ҳ͵ġ
ôñӣֱͱ˳֡
иʵأ±вٲҹǵĸ߲յϢҲñأºˡ
ⶼģȥҹǶð
˵ǴӷųȥϢҲΪųĴϣȥ飬кܴϵ
˵һǵǱߵҲʼң͵͵ĽٵսӸɵġ
սӵĶӳδ𣿡
ǰԺѲϵ
ûб屨вҹǱߵĸ߲㣬Ź
֪ΪʲôȻ˲ҹǱ׶ʦˣڲһܻоǿɲȥоҪˡ
ƷŮţ((Ʊ))ˣǸŶãҹǱ߾ˡ
԰⻰ҪƷˣҪߵġ
ȿȣҸղʲôû˵Ҳû
ߵĸ߲㶼֪Ǳߵڣҹ߾ֵøˡ
˽ӵӼֻ͵ϣҲһݣǱҺƬҲϡ
˱ñŪȫǽ֪Ȼˬ˼㣬̨


1768.1768 һº䶯


1768 һº䶯
Ѱ˽카ҹǸ߲Ů˵Ƭ֤ݣȫһݳȥ
һʱڲҹ̳ˡ
ҹ٣ҵԭ⵽˴ָô˴ñϴѹ󣬱˺ˮ
Ͼ죬ƿһսţֻҪ챣Ҳֻϴѹ¡
úܱҪʱҲյ˵카ɼܵɱ(qng)
һֻһźǾŵ
û뵽·ߵ˾Ȼ壬˶ֶΣֱӽ((Ʊ))òӳҹǡ
ֻûгɹûгǾͱץȻѼҽ(jn)ر(jn)
ңҲĸףĸҲͬΣԶ޷ټ
ҲƻѹһȨ
ΪңҲʹ÷һµʱ½һǵŵȫдݻ١
߽ܲӵϢʱѾˣֻһսǰȥ׽÷壬ϧԼսȴǴһ޷Ѱҵ
½ҹǵĸ߲ð
ҹҲΪ⼸ңϴһΣ˲ٵ
Ҳڲҹٴγʵǲҹ٣Լű٣ɶйء
ֻǱߵĸ߲ǻҹҲиĸ
Ů˲˲ҹǶãþƻᣬߵֳô(qng)
ǻʱûа취˭˼оߵȼĿأʧصǸֱû˵
оߣ˵ĳܻоҲ˹ؼʱ˲֪
ֹʮ죬һµĻ׵ںܻ׺׵ļڷݡͶϣĿǰΪֹƵġ
׶ȥ((co)co)һףϾǼ֮ɫоĵһܻܳף
Ȼܻܳ׵ĵȼֻsȴǻ׽һͻƣҲǻʦﵽһ߶ȡ
ʮĿѰҲǣرģֱ͵ǰʹ
εĳܻܹ֮ɹռһĹͣţ᲻÷ŵֻϻʵ飬ܲܳ׿ˣ
׶һȽϸߵĻ״ʦҲڵһʱȫϲѶһŲĿĺڹٷǲϡ
ǲϣ϶źͶγɹܻ׵İ
һº䶯ˣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1769.1769 Ӷ


1769 Ӷ
׶ǲȫϹַܿһƵȥ
ʻܻҰսƵĻսʿͻ(i)ߵȼ
ܻײֻǵһǵоصоĿҲоԺġ
ڵһǵȴһ
߱Ƚѽܵһ㣬˭û뵽ȫһܻܳ׵ĵľ޴С
Ժ֮ǰɱֵжھж
ǻоԺ˼ת()ȥһǵŰ׶ʦоܻ
оԺԺʹʦǣϢ˭Ѫ
Ժڻһɫ()
ֱȵһǵǱһ
Ժʹ˵ҲһҪϾܻ׵ļûо
֮ǰ˵֮ǰ(qng)ǲԷܹ֮ôоܻףʵҲ˺ܴĹסһ״ʦõķ̡
е£ʲô˼ʲôϵ
״ʦһôûϵѵ͸Է𣿡
֮ǰǺ͵һǵϵǰŪǱ֮һֱûͻƵ׶ͳɹо˳ܻף϶ãѵԼĹ𣿡
ʱ԰ļƻһֱַ̬ȣڹȻˡ
ôһ˵ڳɫ˱䣬ôĻǣ
оܻ׵Ŀ⣬ʵжϣյܻ׼Ӧкܴϧǲƿ͸˵зӪֻóӶˣ
ҲǵģǵĻ״ʦȻȥһǵǱоס̲סԹ
˵Щʲôã˼Ѿƿ˳ܻ׵췽ǻһ֪⡣ʼ״ʦЦ
Ժ˵ӽ쿪ʼúõĺƼұѺϵ֮ǰĶԹɡ
Ʒ()ܷһֱڵһǵǱߵģлʱ򣬵ʱζҪߡζ˵
ȻȽ϶ѾôˣҲνˡ
ܻ׵켼Ūֲؼģ㲻ʲô
˺ܿͶ˼ˣһͬԣҪƼһԹоԺ


1770.1770 


1770 
Ҳǰһʩ̬ȣҪˡ
뵽㣬ͱҪ
˳⡣
ʵֻҪϵһǵŵıǩҲᱻȫڣʱⶪһ֦Ҳòӡ
ϾҪǼ㣬ɾûôˡǵʱʩԮֽܹŤת֮ǰмǣҲͲôˡ
һ˵ĺеǴ˶ͬˡ
ǵƶ£ڵһǵо׶ʦһܻܳ׵(r)ѣˢǵĸͷվ
ķ˿ǻһƬһ޳һ仨
֮󣬺ܿкڷɣΪʲôһǵȥо
㣬ܶʵ⣬һ󣬼ɵԽԽࡣ
ѵ˵һǵţҪΪҵĵˣ
ܿ죬˴Ľ£ʼܶķ˿Ҳ̲סܵǲѯʡ
ıǣϲҲֻܷҷתڡ
ǻǶ(qng)һʲôԵġ
޷ߵնˣǲ
ɷȴԣôϱﲻˬ˼㡣
úڿֶβ˲飬־Ȼкܶ˻ˮģĻоԺջ
ϰڶǰ׼ϵ
±༭ɶŷѯʣҪô
źʵҲܴ²µһЩ
ôʵǺ⣬Щ˿ȷʵһֱ֧ģ汻ϱͶһǵŵˮƼҲ۵㡣
¼һƵһ֤ݷ壬ǲϡ
忴Ƶ֤ݣΪԼϱ˸ޣҪˣ͵Űɡ
ܿ죬ǲһƵ֤ݡ
ƵŵһǵоķΣһܱյĿռ䡣
ЦźʹҴкʾôҲõȻǱǵ˹һǵŽץģӦ
ص˼ǣᱳǣ֮Լ볬ܻ׵оȫΪѧϰ˵ļҲΪ˽ΪǵĻҵס
ȻĿǰڵһǵţΪ()ڻϵ츳ܣõߵغãڰɵ״̬
ѧļѧ꣬취ǵģҵ


1771.1771 ֻһ


1771 ֻһ
ûƵָ˭һǵŰġ
Ƿ֤ȴȻǵоԺ״ʦ͵һǵǱߵ콻׼¼
ÿһ仰ÿһʽ׶¼ĺ
Ƕըˡ
Ҷû뵽ڵһǵŵԭ򣬾ȻΪԼһ˹ܣû뵽ĻʹоԺ
⻹û̷꣬ǲϷһСʱ
һ֮Ҳһǲ
һˣֹзݺԼһ״ʦΪԭֻǵϵͳ˭뵽ȴЩ̫ҪˡĴʦץһǵţûж䣬ȡ˳ܻ׵о죬ֻΪѧ˼ףȴҪϺȣɥĲ񡣶Ĳ˵ˣֱ֤ݣоԺ
ͼ˺ܶݣȫоԺˮ֤ݡ
˵ȻǷˣֻ˲֪ѡ
ȻڽǲĴ£ߵоԺ(r)ͷ
ƷǸʲôģˮֻ¼ָе۾ͶʼһƬָоԺзӪѧϰȽļȡ
ǰһֱоԺһʥĵطȴĺðడ
ЩоԺƽקĻ״ʦԭﾹṴһǵôĵĽףǵµɥ()Ť
ˣƾԼıȥѧϰȽҪΪҷȴһδεıݺۣ
ŷ廹ųڵһǵ(qng)û˲ҹǵĺŶһ˲ҹֳǵܲĸ߲ڶϴƵȡ
ЩϢһҶ֣̫ţ((Ʊ))ˣ
һܵһǵŵˣô(qng)
ܿߵĸ߲֤ʵߵȻǿ϶̬ȡ
Цܹһǵŵ(qng)ǰ֮öء
׵ֻһֻۣȫԽԽ˶վһ
̫ˣܵ˵зӪû߱취һδεĿӶԷʲôһδεıԼ˿ӡ
ֻϣܿǴ֧֣ҪһʧϣоԺǣ
ζƷںͷ࣬ȫһƬ˺оԺ֡


1772.1772 һ̫Ư


1772 һ̫Ư
оԺû뵽ǸѾͷ˵һǵź󣬾ȻܽǹԷ֤ҳ
һǵŵȺҲ̫ˣ
ˮ֤ݽͼҪǷ˸ɵģǾͽоԺš
ֻ۵ķͣȫĶ棬·ʲôʮ(qng)ȫͽһ
ȷʵ͵һǵһЩ˽µĽףɱʲôľ̫ˣǲҲܱ
ںܴѹֻܽϵһǵźȥˮ״ʦ˳˽˶Թ
˵ΪȫΪоԺûκιϵǲ֣ʾԸ(r)ҵĻӭоԺ
Ҫûϵ(qng)ųܻ׵ļҶӦȥĵطоԺ
Ͼڻ׽ٹ⣬һ˵ǳҪ׿֮ǰľԹҲû취ġ
ɾоԺļ(ɧɧ)((co)co)󣬴ҶҪȥоԺίҲͬ⡣
оԺ̫Ҫˣ˭֪˭ΪƳ˵˽˶ԹܻЩ£
ǲǽЩ˵ɵأǲŲϵ
żǹ֣
ȻڵվǸ߲ǵĽǶȣȷʵջоԺĻʦǣȫаȻ(qng)
Ҳǹǣֻܾѹ̬ķչ
߸ַͣһǵǱߵĸ߲Ҳ֪ٴᣬǸ
ѰϢͼ
ǹİɣ
һĿ˵׶Ҫǲ((Ʊ))޷ǣǱоԺ˻һѻ͹ǱQ꣬
ǵۺȫվߵģһ̫Ưˡ
ȥԺô֮ѹóܻ׵ļ޻ȥ
ʱ򻹲ôô˭ûʸ˵ĲǣϾǱоȺһܺء
еĺե֭ǰȻһǵܲ棬ȴԭҪԼҵ(qng)Ҳ಻ˬ
׶Ϊ⽫߶ܻ׵۷ųȥұˣǱоԺĻʦϵˮ֤ݣҼҷҲһҵˡ
Ѱüôûһȥ
һǵĵϣҲ̫ˣΣ˻α˵
Ѱһۣ£̫٣ˣ
ҪµĻǾͲ÷ǲϷǸƵҳЩ֤ݡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1773.1773 ⲻǸ


1773 ⲻǸ
ʵ治£ҲͲᷢƵڵһǵŲǴڲѧεģܻȥ
֮ԸôҲΪܵĺ֡
ҪǴʵ֪ôЩ(qng)ҹǵĸָ߲ͽɻˣǱʾҪͶϣǶŵġ
ֺαڵģôôԲܶϰֵ
ѰҲûԼ뷨һ׶ȥߵҩоأ˺಻ã
ҽоɷˣٽЩ֤ݷȥ˵׶((Ʊ))ҲòģõɰԲҹҲܹң˭ҶǱȵءЦòá
ѰԼԶԣŮ̫ˡ
ҪǣԼڻҪҸģɵΪǵоԺ߲׶
Ȼ˵ϵɻһ仰ãǰˣǰɳ̲ϣ׵Ĵ
ݣ׶Ҫ֪뷨ָ뽫ȥоƬˣʧЦ
ЦеĵҲ²û죬ͻȥҩоˡ
Ѱͷûܣ
ȥǸսżѵ򿴿ɣܽȥ𣿡ιֻΪ˸ƻص̽һǵ߶ռƻ
ѰЦsͨҲУȥû⣡
ûͨҪȥƻе鷳ͷʱܰ켸µġ
ھƵϢǺͲҹߵϣΪܻԼ¼ڡ
ߵĸ߲㻹ѣͬʱһʣʹǵնˣô¼Ƶģ
ѵͨѶֶϵ磿
Ƿ֣ھƵܵ̽źԴˡ
ڵļѾˣԶԷû̽
ڶ죬Ѱһ˲ҹǡ
Ҫ뿪ʱһսžӢŰŵı뿪ҹǡ
˳ܻ׵켼ҹǵ̲סҪ·
ѰڣﻹsͨǶӾӢòˡ
ҹǵĸ߲㶼˶֪£һﶼ̲סˡ
Ӿͳӣʲôsͨ
ⲻǸҪˣô죿


1774.1774 ͷ


1774 ͷ
ǲٵһǵŵĸ߲㣬˰иѰķɵֻΪǡ
Ѱ⣬ֲ͵͸¡
ǸѵԾ㲻ԶԼķ·̡
װ˲ٵļϵͳɵһΧлսʿ֡
ʲôˣս»أԶ룡
ѰڵǸѲӵģֱսŵս˧ѰУ
Ѱսʿɷôˣ
ս˧ѵأûͨҲûа취ǰһӳӲͷƤ˵
ɵĲŴ򿪣ͨɡ
ӳֻӲͷƤϷɵȿösͨ˿
λ룡
Ѱķɵ˳սڵ
һͽɢܿɨһ򣬴˽жˡ
˷ɵפսս˧ӭ
һȥӣѰ̬Ȳ(r)(qng)Ҳ
֪ս˧(r)ʲô£Ŀ()תתſѰʡ
ѰĵĻصҹ׼ôˣʲôʱܹǰǸ͵򡣡
ˣʲôʡ
һͷߣλٹȻ⣬ҽ
ս˧ôͻȻȤˣЩ벻ͨ
ѰĻصһûȥ͵ͻȻȤҪȥ档
ս˧ɨ˶Էһۡ
Ҫǻˣֱת()ߡ
˭һǴ(i)СӣֻƢ˵ǵļƻȫ氲ŵģս˧ȤȻ
˼ԣѰҪ棬ֻҪͬ⣬û
ѰûȦӣȿúʺ棬ȥȥ롣
Щͷۣս˧Ҫʲôսܻأܶط(jn)ֹġ
Ѱösͨóǰ˻Σȷǲܽ룿
ϵƣ֪ģͷˣͳҲǸϺȵģⲻ
ӵsͨҲûֹλƣȻ⿴Ҫǿ𣿡
ãԼĴУѰܾ
˸£̫ģ뻹ǵǶﲻ죬Ұǹɣ˳Ҳܽ¡
У˵ûзԣǽ챾Ͳƻġ


1775.1775 Ҫ


1775 Ҫ(qng)
ս˧ȽϿĽ˴˻ء
һһ߶˴ܡ
ܵĵص㣬˽ȥ˭Ƶģ󶼳ɹȥˡ
طһǲоңѾо˲ٵĶȣ֮ǰĲԼƻڼ
һǱѵأٵи߼ıޱץѵҲų˲⣬ǻ׼һıȥսƻҲܶ
һط⣬ֻźܶabܻףвbףԼִС͵ء
ܵص⣬֣ʿѵǿȶܴʵҲǿ
ʿߣܹʻbܻס
ǶԵͼռ׼֣ܳھսˡ
սˮƽԤ֧սŵռᳬ¾ȫʤҲЩء
ιһȦѰžӳֻ֣ʣҪǽصϸһ𣿡
ҡҡͷãˣ
Ҫ(qng)𣿡Ѱʡ
ûĵһۣˣ
ɲ磬սǿȥ򶫡ϡһ֧սţܹռݺܴơѰѡ
Ħָ˵뷨һȥ˵
ã
˲ι֮Ҳûжɵ뿪ˡ
Ҳ˴˿˵λСǳ˲ٵ(qng)ͻȻڻز˸¡
ǶûʲôȤɣͺã
ܿ죬ǾͷԼȫ´ˣֻޣ
˻ڵѰʣʲôƻˣ
ҷǵ䱸Ļ׺ȱȽȽҾû̫ϧĿɳ˵
ѰüҪŪЩ䱸
˶ӣҾ֮ǰǸս˧˵ģУ
Ѱһ¾ͷӦ˹ҪֱӲȥ
԰ЩװҪ͵ȥܹúõװһأ̫˷ˡ
ʵ˵Ҳ׼һЩȥ֧սһ𣬻˳ء
Ż׼ԼսʿǵʵͻȻı֮ǰ뷨
ֹ˵һǵŵĵһΡڶԼƻÿζƻܴԴͷϽ⣬ʼն
ղһͻȻãҪĳҪֹ⣬滹úúõװԼܲκεԣں嫵гȥ


1776.1776 


1776 
ѰǴˣĻȻ˳˼
̧ͷҲԣԶеģǸطԼʵна̸еʸ񡣡
ܲϵֹһǵȥ˵ǱߵսҲᷢλãսȥѲҪȥֹͣ
˶˵ҿҹǵϿ⣬ʵ˸߼Եͼռ⣬ͼ֮Ҳụռġ
Ͼͼ֮ʵҲǲͬģٻվŸ߼ΪһʵǿĵͼǸطͬ(qng)ֵġ
ͬĵͷҲôģСҪبŲ()ǿʳĵ
ȥ֧սȥ𣿻취ȥʡ
Ѱ˵ͷĻûʲô⡣
ֻ𣿡ʡ
Ȼĵֻǣǿ϶ҲҪһġ
ʱ͵͵ں棬һȥѾ׼ȷꡣ
()ľ½򣬻ǾȺˣ
ѰĬƬ̣ʵͷ̸Ǹ׼ȷ껻ȡеȨʱҲԣ˳Ķһǰˡ
ӰܴȫԽ£߾㲻ˬҲӦġ
ӶҪǶϼƻģǸҲǶˣͷץѺ֧Ӣŵġ
˵꺦ĸ׵¼ȻŹԷ齨
ǣҲ˳
û뵽Ѱ˼һ¾ʹԼ֪뷨ˡ
ǸܻرǵһǵŵģʵȴƿڶȫҲѰǻݻ
ãȥҩоһȦҾҰһ˲ҹǡҲ⡣
ѰЦЦ֣죡
һһǵţɱ֮ǰһ**̼ˣ
Цӯӯֺգ죡
ΪѰӦҲô˳Ĵڲ
Żûлزҹǣڷɵ˷Ƶ¸
ʱƼǸսפ򣬲ֻڣƾͬڡ
ļƻҶͬġ
رǷ弸ˣǱԵͼ򣬳ôãҲˣ
һֱ뽫˴̸һ̸Ļ£ϾҪ˼ܶã
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1777.1777 ᲻̫ϧˣ


1777 ᲻̫ϧˣ
÷׼Ѱ˲ҹǡ
˵õõϢĲҹǸ߲˿
Ҫ·
Ϣ죬ȥо
׶ڹţҲ档
׶ʮֵ(r)(qng)Ҫǰӵģˣ
֣ܿεЦʣ׶ʦã⼸컹ʲôĿҪ𣿡
׶ҲûΪٶܻܹоҵһԸо׼һܵļ٣˶Ϣ¡
ڴʱ׶˽
ʦѶˣ
׶¶֮ɫôˣ
ȻЦ˵ģһȥ
ð(qng)ȴû˿ĲȻҪϷͷ䡣
׶İ칫ڣ߽վ()Цк׶ʦĴʦ״ʦ
ôˣ׶Цʡ
϶εЦݣҽ֮Ĵʦġ
ǡôľȵң
ҩоǱߵԺ˵ĴʦҩˮƽܸߣӵкĹҽһֱ㣡
Цż˵˵оҪżһܣҩоǱҪһĿίҹĴʦȥ롣
֮ǰʾҩо(ͦͦ)ȤģҾͺƤˣһΪĿ
ʵıʾȤʲôĿ
ҪһȽҪĻоҲǺĴʦȥ˽⡣͡
˵ҶԻܸȤֻʱڻо׶ʦ
һ¾˼ʮĿ׶ѯʣԺĿܿأ֪׶ʦܲͨ£
׶ʮִȵ˵ȻĿôҪҲȤȻ
ûоûʲô£ȤĻȥҩоæɡ
ܳ׶ʦ̫ˣ
Щл׶Ц̧ļһóģȥɣ¿ϵң
ЦŵͷãҾͶٹȥ
ûԥһ뿪˰칫ҡ
ߺ׶ϵЦȡ֮һĨ()Ĳ̡
ʵʧܣǻ᲻̫ϧˣ()忪ʡ


1778.1778 ֪ǵĴ


1778 ֪ǵĴ
׶ת()ü塣
ˣСѾͷȷʵܾɫ
üˣֻǾڻǸţ
׶ҪǲΪãǻˣ
ҩоԺϼһˮƽ(ͦͦ)ߵģɹĿ()ܴ󡣡
߽壬¶һַסԷ֣䵣᲻ʵʧܣôúźң
()һ˱˦˲Զɳϣ׶˸
ֻܱĳܣ컨˫۾ǿҪйĺ⡣
һߣǰҩоĳ
һ·ţԼСʱŵִ
ֱӽԺ칫ңһȥЩ()ȴƵš
ЦŹĶ߽ܣ¶ԺλС㣡
תͷܣλҩоĹ¶ԺҲssҩʦ
ϴżصЦк¶Ժã
¶̧ɨɨƼǸϼһĺ
Լƻǵӵ(qng)󷽷ĵͷţǣ
˵ҩϵ츳ܸߣ¶ʡ
ŵЦЦ(ͦͦ)ðɣ
¶ཫһļеݸһ䷽û⡣
Ȼͷĺˣ˵츳ܺãоʳֻԼжϡ
ļҪоsҩĿʮֵҪҲΪֹȽĻҩܲץסᣬͿԼˣ
ãȿûеӣӹļʮ̹Ȼ˹¶λϷ
ϼһ￴ȥ()񲻺ã׶һҲǸϷ֡
׳()Ϲ
ͶԻҩȤһǵڷԸ(qng)ûв׾ܿ쿴ļϣָָ̧ط
ϵ䷽̫ˣⲻ٣(qng)һһָԼֵ⡣
¶£ϲɵû˼֣ͷĺˣҩϵ츳ҼǱõĵˡ
ˣЩ档
¶еЦЦһȻͷڶƷ
ԭҰְ丸ŮҰţҲţԼϰһ㶼ǫ飬չЦÿġ
Աߵ֪ǵĴ
¶ԺôǿǰȻֵܱôȻ
ôԿ


1779.1779 ûʲôµ


1779 ûʲôµ
¶ȻҲЩı֡
˵׿ͷĺ㣬ԼΪƷЩС
Ҫ֪ڲҹǣ˵СЩ߲һѹסη幧ȴ˿ûС
ѾͷȷʵƷǸ첻µزСӵ֡
ҲΪˣŸѵõƷ
¶໹δ˵ȴһЦʣ¶Ժǿͨ𣿡
¶ͷ㣡
Ŀ쿪ʼʽֱӹҾСĿڣҲˡ
վ()Ǿˣ
û뵽ô̸ˣѹѰῴŮ˹Ȼ򵥡
ӦԹ¶ԺķȺϣ̲סޡ
ֻ̫ˣҩоǾҲܳˣи()ص˿ϧ
¶ԺҾСȥˣܿ
ţ¶Դ̬ȱȽ䵭
߳ҩоЦŵСƽڹ¶Ժǰ̲ס(ͦͦ)ġ
ЦЦֲǳ˵Ĺޣûʲôµİɣ
żζʣѵλ¶Ժʵȱֳĺ£ǲʲôηı̬(qng)˵
һԵζģͻȻ֪ҪʲôԼ(qng)ˡ
ĺ֪ܺҲܸ
ȿȣ⵹ûУֻǹ¶ԺƽȽϣǲŻþڨڨЦŻص
ЩʧЦݣԭûʲô
ҪˣһʧģǼ˼Ѳɻϣ¶ԺǸ̬
Ůĵôʲô
ؾƵꣿҪǻ֮ǰ϶Ҫû͡
ȴңŮ˲СĳԸŪʲô۶޷ճ
ϴξƻͲҹ(qng)ڻء
ǸǻѾڱˡ
ģúЦһĵӻСţһؾƵУ
һ·ϣһģﰵ̽¹ڳܻ׵Ϣ˻ȥ
ƵſڣûͣԼ˷䡣
ϴ˸裬Ȼ͵׶칫Һ͹ļأϰ()Ŀ˿
ȴû뵽ῴ(qng)
֪׶Ǹʵʺܰı̬û뵽ϼһֵ̬ز
бŷŵĺʹ࣬׶̵ֲĥֶΣüͷ


1780.1780 Ϸ


1780 Ϸ
أ(qng)Щ̫ƽ
ѰȥֱսŴ(qng)ֱ
ź󣬿ɫЩ̫ãɵʣôˣȥҩо˳
˵Ѿɹ˹¶̬һ˰
룬صĻطŵԼɡ
ѰЩĪ£ڿƵɫҲмѿ
̬ȻǰȦˡѰղſĻ滹Щġ
׶ôȻ֪Ǳ̬ϲˣһȥҹ棬˽(jn)˲ٲͬˡ
ֳ˴ѣ()ȴϵľܾ롣
Ϊı̬ʲôֻܷ
Ȼ̬ûǰʲôЩ²⡣
ֻǲ²ۿ(qng)(ͦͦ)ġ
Ѱ꣬Ŵӳ˱ˮݸ㿴𣿡
ѰͷˣԸ⣬ȴû취ȥ
׶ҪģȻһֱ()ߣûбȥֻźޡ
Ҳ(ͦͦ)ͬ(qng)ģҲһù(qng)
̸ʱߵֻ˶
㿪أ׶ʱѾڹ䣬˺۵屻͵͵˻ȥ
ʱʦѾûΪˣֻ˵еأҪһָܻܲˡ
׶һ˺һڣǾɣҶҲЩˣһʼᷴھǸľͷһԽԽȤˣ
߲ǴĶӾͺˣζ϶һϧ˵
ͷ˵׶ʦҪǸҶǿģǵо
׶Ҳ֪㣬ֻźϧǸŮˣȻţϲġ
˵۹ܺãҪΪ(qng)ҲָܷθڵĲˡ
̬һЦǸҵζӦò߲ò()ģʵ()ǹѱҰ()ζȫϲġ
ϲš
ĻصսӻǾʧˣǵµĹ켣ԭ룬ʧ·ߣӦúܿнˡ
ҲͬˣֻҪҵսӣץ󣬻Ὣ尵͹
׶ɫ΢õ㣬УǼӿٶȣѾȲˣ
ǣ
ƵֻѰɫѿ()Ҳɢһе
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1781.1781 ˵򵥰


1781 ˵򵥰
Ѱ׶ڵһͶĵûš
ζʲôھȥ˶Է
̬ҷˡ
ͻȻն£˿һİ뷢Ķš
ŵݾֻһ仰ȥҩоСĵ㣬Ҫ㣡
Ѱ˿˵˭ģ
ѰɨһŵݣҾӦ˲²ˡ
壿һʱðľ֡
Ѱͷʮ**
ҲӦ֪ȥҩоᱻôġ䡣
뿴Ѱʣ׶˻žǻˣܹƿо𣿡
һĽӴ࣬ȴоõ()ȻȽ䵭ȴûб׶ı̬ӰΪһ̬
ҳڻϵ츳⣬Ӧ䴦Ҳ(ͦͦ)õġ
о˵дãҪǽ׶ŪƿȨ˵Ϊ²㡣
Ǹ϶ûлȥıҪˡ
ܹ˽˵()ûб
ʵƵϵݺ󣬾ҪôһѣǸԨ
ڸȷԼ֮ǰ뷨
Ѱ붮˼ǱȽǿģһѣҪƿϣ
°ͼ˵ӣҲ޲ýϱ̬ŪҪȥ̸̸
ʮʱ׶ǸʱѾ׶()ˣȻƽô죬ϵС
ӡҲԣǿƶԷһλ
׶()һʮߣһssףܰб˺ܶ࣬ҪŪɲסŻһת
Ц˵Ѱ죬˵򵥰
ö˫£ܱжûκָ֤ǡ
׶ߣܻûʲô취ʮ߾ȫûˡ
ɫζһ鲻Ķأ()⣬һ˥ϣȻ˳ȻıУ²û֤֤ģ˭ôأ
ѰζĿϣ׶𣿡
ɣŪĶÿڷֻÿϱ̬ҩ۾С
˶ټ͸ˣ׶ͷȡһС
ȥ˲Żʣµ20~~


1782.1782 Ӧô


1782 Ӧô
֮ǰҲȥȡ׶ͷ̬ĺأ׽ӽҪҲߣ·϶ͷ
׶һԷԱӪҺ
̬ǳܿԼģɼɱ˹Ʋ٣Ųò
к̬()Ļᣬҩȡͷ˼򵥡
ô򵥾ŪǸ̬ѰͷҸʱͻȥ̸̸
ţͬ⣬ͽҩ۸Ӧòܾ
¾ͽѰȥˡ
ڶ죬Ѱȥҩо
¶ѾԸ֣һͱ˹ҡ
˹¶⣬sҩʦ
¶򵥵ĶˣȻʹʽʼĽĿ
ѾԼȫƿصƷԹ¶ಢûڣǽıҩ䷽ֱ˳
һ͵ڶҩֱһЩãڵĿľҪĽ
˰ҵһأǽͻȻһš
ż˽ȥ
ɺܶʵɣкܶ**ʵߡ
ôĿĵǣе**ȫʵġ
еʵ鷿ŵˣȥѾȫʧȥǣҰһͣҪֽŵͷײǽʲôġ
еʵŵˣȫ()õ(qng)
еʵˣȥĿȫǣģ˲˹ġ
ǻҩʵʧܵ**ÿʵҵſڻÿоݡ
¶Įܣҩʦֲ֡
֮ĵ߸Ĳ֪
ѹѰ˵һ̲סȥİطڸϱȽϽܳˣΪ()ģܻѡ񵽵һǵ
ʵңȫѰĸܡ
ǡҹӦôڡ
ÿʵȫϸһ顣
ߵһʵ䣬ĿռܴϰţĿͿȥһ㶼
þ̽£ǵ־ǱһҲǷûĺ֢
ɣǻδʱƷһʧܵģùע¶治ɫ˵
һ¾֮ǰ׶Ǹϱ̬ĻЩʮ**Ӧþǹ¶ŪҩƷ


1783.1783 Ҫ˰ɣ


1783 Ҫ˰ɣ
ӣЩƷʧܵġ
ضķʽ°ʾƣȫҳϵʿһá
Ŀʵſڵϣܿ콫ȫ
ŸŹ¶˻ص档
սЩݷһ飬ȷʵͻıҩԵϺţҲνĿҩǴӻıбŪġ
¶˵Ҫû׶ߣÿܶоԺ͸͸硣
Ȼоڱܵģնڷŷʱȴܿţôϵ¼˻
ȻҲ˼⣬ҩʦնҩо
ڶηŷʱʱˣǷ˸Ϣ塣
ܿ죬ǱߵġǸˡǲַһͼ֤ݣ֤оԺ˹һǵŵ׶ʦˮ
ʵҪΪ˽Զڵһǵţ
ԭ΢оԺٴ˽ȥαϴαĻҡ
ŴҶ׶()գΪסǵŻʦȻôҪĹΪ
Ҳ֮ǰ˵ģΪҪѧġ
ѰǱߵĸǲͼ
ԼҹߵնעǲϷһͼȥȻʾ׶ΪԼ޷ܣʽȥְ񣬺͵һǵоޡ
⵹£ȫΪΪ֮׶̵棬ϾȻ̤㡣
пĶȴûʱ͵ص㣬Ҳϴˡ
ȻϻǾԵģǲҹ(qng)һЩ˲óκ֤
ôһҹǵ˶е£ﶼֻһ뷨ѾͷҪʲô(qng)˰ɣ
ɵȥҲûмʲô΢ɿֻо
׶ֻ֪Ц֮ҪǽΪĿܣҪһʬΪǣ
ûзǲ粵ҲĬ¡
ŷǱ߽ǲͼ׶̬ȣԼǲϷ˳ȥһ
ϣֻǣ⼸˶ĶȽй
Ҳ˾ţ((Ʊ))ڲҹǵĵϣҲֻŸôǲա
֧Խ࣬ԺҲԽࡣ


1784.1784 


1784 
оԺĸ߲ûа취ֻٴν׶ϵĻ״ʦ˳
һ˼״ʦҲԪõһͿ
һﶼ޲ãҹǱߵ˸Ͽ콫ŪԸҪܻ׵췽Ҳϣٻˡ
ͬʱҲޱȵĺڣǱģȥĲ硣
Ѿͷ̫аˣÿ˵ǣܲܺúõȥˣ
ε¼оԺĻ״ʦҲҳˣ²СľͱԼȥ
оԺĸ߲ǣҲ׼ٶˣˣ׼Զֻ۶ˡ
ǵĸ߲ʵû뵽ȥ˵һǵŵĵ̣Ȼֳô(qng)
ȻоԺ(qng)ЩǻϣڣýҹǱֵ޷ˡ
ܿ죬ַһǲʾԼѾ˲ҹҩооȽϻܵҩĿķ˿Ƿģܺã
ҲΪ̵֮ϴ׵ֶΣܱŲţвڳ֤ݡ
תǲ
ϢǺ͸˷һѡ
ţﶼܻô˳оҵҩо¼ңžŰ
ƷҲǲĳ˱Ůһò˰Ҫ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôôˣ(qng)Ŵĳ˵Ļ򣬱ϾĳʱҲǸߵﵹùﶼӭĻ
ȻҲֻڱ˵˵ĳţҪߵġ
ҩоߣ¶Ȼ֪(qng)
ֻҪûн䷽͸¶ȥνȽ⿴׶(r)֡
֪ʵѾҩоĻ䷽ݵȣȫ͸˷塣
ҲԼֶ̫ˣҲЩУǵñɡ
뵽˹ؼһܵķŷʱҲȡˡ
һֱо͹¶оҩ
¶ԭ׼ʼĿ֮͸ÿҩʵġ
츳޵ˣԻҩ˲ЧҲı˼ƻ׼ҩƣĿ֮ٶ֡
Ҳ׼ס׶ҪԼãҩϵ츳ܣ˿׷ѷɫ
ܿһµʱȥˣͻȻһϢȫ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1785.1785 ɵİɣ


1785 ɵİɣ
ss״ʦ׶ڽͻȻж
Ϣһǵ߸סʵ׶̫⣬Ҳ̫ʱˡ
첻ҹ׼һܻ׷ᣬ׶֯ġ
׶ʱ̨˵·ȫǼߣϿֱ
˵˵ţͻȻ()ڵأ۾ͻ߿Ѫ
ֳҽģȥҪʱ׶ϢȴѾɢˡ
һ£ҹǵĸ߲㡣
飬Ϊ׶̫Ī
ĽʾļԳѪȻ󱩱жģûв鵽()жʲôġ
()ݲ򵥣ǵһǵǿĻ״ʦΪۡ
ڴͼλͬ£ҽǱ߶׶ʦʬʼ顣
еĲֻǲҹõķҽˮƽߵļҽ
ֻǽʵĽһ(qng)û׶ڷֶػкʣҲ˵жġ
׶ʮߣƽÿҲ죬ͻȻͲĲ״С
һҽѪҺȡһ()ʣܾǵ׶ʦͻȻԳѪס
ôģô׶ʦѪҺģǲǱеģ˭޷жϡ
Ľڵʱ䲻ܳʮ죬ҲųһЩˣ
ǵģ׶ʦһʱ䱩Уܶ˶̲סɷŵ()ϣ˭ôаš
ԭssĻ״ʦĪж(qng)ҹǲܹȥٲڡ
׶ǵģʱֱʵ޷ס
Ҳˣҹߵоֻܹٷ£Ҳʡñá
ܿ죬ǺҲ֪ˣһʦжϢ
Ͳҹǲ˵뷨һǵĸ߲㣬Ǻܶﶼֻһ뷨²ɵİɣ
ʵڵһǵǱ߽ɳôֻҪһз紵ݶҾ̲ס뵽
ĪıУûеèԲܣĹҽĿ()ܴ
˴ˣ˶ѡ˳Ĭﻳɿȴ˵ô죿
ǻвٸ߲Ʒ̽Ӧ˹ȥǻɵĸ
Ȼɹ黳ɣҲѡ˳ĬҪǽԷssʦɵǸɵ̫Ưˣ


1786.1786 ôģ


1786 ôģ
ߵ˶ôҹǱ߾͸˵ˡ
Ȼвڳ֤ݣרŸµˣǵҩоҪȥЭ顣
ȴܾˣó֤֤ºйأҾ͸ȥ顣
˭֪ǲҪ˽ʲô׶ʦͻȻУҿвڳʱ֤ݡ
˵һǰҾͷǲо֮һζûлȥҲûнӴʲôʱأ
һҪΪǣǾܿտڰݣڿҲҩоĴʦҪߣҪʹ¶Ժ
ɲɵģȻû֤ݣЩҪ潫ߣ϶취̡
Ȼ(qng)ģôܳأǺûϵ
鳤һЩͷۣСҪûĻҲǵɡ
ЦһΪʲôҪ飬ҪǸȥϣǲҲ˵ˣ׵
ڻҪҩҪĿоǱţ¿ȥҹ¶Ժ¶˳ȥ
Ǹ̬뽫ʵ壬֮ڽеĿбֳ츳¶Բߡ
Ȼڴʱ¶˽
ʲô£ֵġһĲ()䡣
鳤ڹ¶ǰɲҷ˵¶ԺѾ֪׶ʦȥϢˣǻйأȥϵ顣
¶ĮƳһۣˣһǴʵңû뿪ҩоûʱ䣬ǿ֤вڳ֤ݡ
ȷʵҵоĿܸ뿪϶ĵ
鳤û뵽¶Ů˹Ȼܲ򵥺аš
ֻȴù¶û취˭˼ssҩʦڲҹǵĵλ⡣
Ȼ¶Ժô˵ҲͲˣĵ
¶Ƣãڰ֣Ͽߣ
鳤ֻд뿪¥Ϣ˻ȥ
׶ĵ֣̲סֿڣ޷¶ΪʲôҪ飬ѵǻܳ
Ҳû취ǲ¶ֻ̣࣬
Ȼȥ飬ֻϣеջ
һߣ¶ཫİ칫ҡ
ôģ̧ͷĿתĶ


1787.1787 Ҫ


1787 Ҫ
֪¶ʵʲôѾȥ׶ʬˡ
ϾȻĶغѱֻ֣Ҫʩչ϶һЩĥĺۼԹ¶ssʦˮƽȻǷʲô
ȻǲϵģһĪֱӹ¶ʲôôģ
װ¶üҷ׶ѪҺдһĪأıУ˵ûϵ
㶣һĪӣ˿ûа飬˵׶ʦıҸɵģδҲ̫˰ɡ
𣿡¶һֺĿ⿴
̹̹(())(())ĵǰ
ṩ˵㶾ҩ¶ѡ
ô̹(())ģ¶̲ס룬ѵ´ˣ
ȷʵûʱ䣬Ͼ׶ڵزһǰµġ
ֻȷʵЩղҲҪթһթ˼
һ(qng)ܻ֮¶һЩϺеɫЦݱֳĶġ
²ľУȥϢ£һСʱǼ顣ڰ֡
׶û̫ĸоˣֻЩϧ˵ʬ屻ʲԭˣҪʵ塣
һֱƤ¶ţΪӦҲûôı£Ū׶ӦˣҲûô·ϡ
һжϣ̲סڡ
߳칫ҾȥϢ䡣
оҩʦǿȫһ͵͵ĴӣȻҲڻǲǺ׶йء
ͬһ̹(())ģӿռó֮ǰݺõĿȺСʳеĳ
ɣôҶӦò
׶һоȨҲ˰(r)Ѱ£ɹƿ˾󲿷ֵȨ
Ͼ׶ӣ˶վһߵġ
ȻҲǲ֪׶λĽǺ޲Ҫ
֮ǰ׶Ĺ䣬Ѱл
ʱ()֮ǰƵ()֮Ҳʧò࣬ȡ֮ɡ
һˣܵ(qng)ﲢûбҲûҪᡣ
(r)(i)һУÿĥÿҪܲ˵ʱ򣬾ͻὫ˼ȫŵϣӶҵ磽ͷйķʽ
ҲǶ׶ĺޣȥ
һֱ֪Ϊ츳׶ļˣһЩץǣּװѡ
׶ˣҲо׽ѣñӽֻúúо׾С


1788.1788 ǶӴ˲


1788 ǶӴ˲
ѰҲǷĵĸлһӶ϶߲Ǳ̬()Ӱ챻ĥпܣᱨˡ
ȻѰûᣬҲû˵йأͺʶȤװ֪ˡ
ȴϾŶҪŪ׶ɶʧˣֶȴϢҹֶҲ
ѰЦЦҲǰԼÿ
ҶоȨǺܸ(qng)Ȥ˰нְɣһϵģҪͶ볬ܻ׸߼оĿȥ֪Ѱ()ûȦӵıԼ˼
ҪѰҪоȨҲǵŪ׶ǾԲȥġ
Ѱ()Уһ˰((co)co)صģ㾡Լϲ(qng)ͺã
лٴ̲ס˵
Ѱ֮Լ˽ӹоǼӼһab
ΪûأԲҹǵĸ߲Ҳ֪ˡ
˽ͱ˴֪Ҫһ߼׸ʲô
ܼҸѰ˵绰һլ
ƽѰᣬҲҪ£ͷ̸ȥͼ(qng)Կȥլ
칫ܴ(i)ΪѰһ裬ǴĲ裬ȷʵ(ͦͦ)ģҿҲϲȡ
1
Ѱ豭һڣаɡ
ȲͿȵϰߣȫǱġ
㲻ܾȲİɣϲͷݸТ
ЦĻԽԽˡ
˵оǱߣͶһabףżɽʡ
ûлɻ߲ãϾѰڶļ̳ˣҹǽǶӵģʲô
ֻ()ᣬҲҽڿӣŽ˽ʡ
Ѱ(i)޳ú̲ס࿴
ȥŪѵؿ˿ռ͵ļƻ(ͦͦ)ȤģȥԾо߶׼ףʱȥ档Ѱٵ˵
׼ίģΪľǽȥǸͼʹá
϶ܸӡ
ЩȣʲôʱȤˣ
һûȥͼأȥʲôģҲȥа顣Ѱ֪ôܴͷɻ
ȻЦˡ
ԭҪŮӻأ˵ԼʲôĵӣôͻȻԵͼȤ
ǶӴ˲˰
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1789.1789 ܻʲôز


1789 ܻʲôز
ͼʵǻս󣬵ǲĶΣա
ʣȷȥ
Ѱͷţ
һתĵҲ鵽ǸطλãǶй¶ȥģҲģӶıˣҲǼˡ
ԭº͵Ϣ档
(qng)϶壬һǺùģ϶Ҳܿͻȥžۡ
ԭֻ׼öȥ棬ȴıˡ
һᰲ֧սӣս˧һְʱֱսߵˣҲȥ
ɣֱӽǸսȡˡ
ѰЩͷƢȻû䣬Ҳôģ㲻ȡǽ֧սˣҲ(ͦͦ)ˬġ
֪Լе⣬ż뱩صʱ
ҲֻҪ˾ͺãϾϰɣҹҲȱôһ֧սţ϶
УԼôľôֻҪעⰲȫѰݼ޵ߵġ
Ҫжֿ(i)Ĳڶ()ϡ
ѰҲΪ֪̬Ż÷̣˶ˣٶĲ𣿲ο
֪ˣûб¶뷨
ʣ׶йϵ𣿡
в߶ﰵҪջsͨ(jn)뿪
ѰüΪǸ½׶Ū˵Ҳûʱ䣬¶Ժء
ϿȻǾ̫ǸܵģĽҲʾûʱ
Ǿ֮ǰļ£Īľ׶Ӧúйϵ
˵ȫƿоԲҹǵƿضȺܸߣ˻û֣ȴѾյϢ
Ѱ̸⣬ʲôϵ𣿡
֪ԼʲôСһĵִʶȤĲٶʣҲȷ׶ôӦúеϵ
ǸѾͷ£ͻȻɽ˼Ĵ㣬׶Բԡ
ֻǿԼӷ·ûôˣֶʱ˽ߵ뷨
ˣٻܻʲôزѲɻܽ¶Ҳ
Ҫܽ¶඼Բԥˣߣ
ɱˣûпǹ᲻ûϧţöӲĸ


1790.1790 ˣ


1790 ˣ
һߣͶ뵽˹
ֹʮ죬ҩо߽ҩ׸һ顣
ʵϵʵҲȽϳɹñ֮ǰС˺ܶࡣ
¶һֱûжٱ(qng)ŵҲ¶˿Ц⣬ڳɹˡ
Ҷˣ칦磡
ãҩоˣһҲȽϼ
εĸɹҲ֤ǱǱߵĵһҩ˾ǿ
Ȼεĸ˺ܴãȴǶˡ
¶û׶ߵֻоһ칦ᣬûнмҲûпֱûĹ
칦ϣ¶൹ǵڿһȻԵһƸεҩɹкܴĹͣҾһ
ӹƱζĻ˻Σ¶Ժˣ
ɱ¶ཫĿڱϡ
̧Ӻһ£ȻһȫȥȸΪ
¶ЦŽԼľҲˣڴ´κ
ֻҪʵɹҲһֱˡ
칦μҩĿļˣ¶Ϊ
ȥ˹䣬һ룬ͻȻɫһ˹ȥ
ػԣϵҩʦһ
ôˣһ˸߹ȥ¿
¶࿪ڵ¸ҩӦҩЧˣ
һ㶣Ȼ֪ҩʲô
תһȻˣѹԺὫ£뵽ôҪĿоԭΪʵ塣
(qng)˵ssľһ̲ס
֮ǰԺŪҩֻܿƾΪaˣľǸߵ˵ġ
¶˲⣬ʾȴڲϵ½Ŀǰġ
ҩΪ˿Ƹ߾ˣʵʵ壬ܳɹͺҩܿƵˡ¶۵ļҰġ
ڳҲ¶˼ڴɫǾԤףԺɹˣ
¶ͷЦϣˣ
͵һʵ䣬˵Ȼȥɣ
֪ҪȲȥʵˣȻܺյĽʶȤ뿪ˡ
¶ʵңӻ֣ȳȥɣ
ԺȽаţֵͣҪҪſţ


1791.1791 ôܣ


1791 ôܣ
¶Ȼû׶ôͬˡ
Уʵ飬ʲôýԸ
ͷǣ
ת()ţĽʵŹϡ
ڹ¶İȫ⣬ʵǺܵġ
ϾǱŵģԺʵҲʮ()ϻŲٵľ綾ԱôӦеġ
¶ֿ˿ʵϵȻߵ((co)co)̨ҩˮ
ԼһСʱСĽҩʾȺܸߵssɫҩܳȥ
ȻߵǰӾ첲棬ָ˰׼ͷȥ
ússҩĵļǿҩҩЧ֮ϣҪӡ
ֻûиκˣǽԼĵơ
Ȼʵɹ˽¹ȻٶץһЩssŻʵ顣
Ϻж˷ܣɾͷҪ첲ʱͻȻ۾Թ¶വ˿
һɫﴵҲù¶Ķͣס
¶û뵽׼ֻоһͷۻŲܿƵĵڵϡ
ûлԣ־ܿ˹ȫ()ȴô޷
Ҫ󺰣춼޷ſֻܵɴ۾ŭʮĶ
Լҩоðɣ
ϼһھҩʱһžͷˣҲǽƾͼƺȥ
ȵʱȴȫס䶾طΪᡣ
ͻȻ¶ľ۳һѼ⵶ֱֱĳϮ
üܻˣ
ľûһƣ¶ľ⵶̼ɢ
¶಻ŵĵɴ۾ôܣѾͷľôôǿ
Ǿûʧ˲ԶĿ̨ϣܿ()Զſˡ
վ()˶󣬿¶Ц֮ǰǸˣҵľʵѾssˣԼsssɡ
ʶ;ں֮󣬴ʹ쳣ǿ
ҵ֮󣬶ԾҲܴҹ֮ǰssıϡ
ֻϰֺʹľʵҲھͻ۵ssޡ
¶ľǿss۷ˣԿơ


1792.1792 군ˣ


1792 군ˣ
½¶еͲ˹
ó⣬Ҳûõġ
Ȼ𵽿ãssҩ()ˣͲϼһˡ
ֽ¶ĸ첲ȥôϲʹЩûκ˵ҩˣûһԼ()ϣ
¶ͫɴ۾ɫȫǿܡ
û뵽֮ǰװεģҪԼоҩԸԼ
óģȻ֪ע֮ʲô
ҩЧɹĻᷴƣʧܵĻʵŵʧʵһ޴ĸá
һԸ⡣
ֻϧҪ˵̸Уȴ޷ڣֻɫҩһĸ첲
ŲҪƿյܣʱֻһͷ군ˣ
̫ڣ֮ǰС˷ŵ˷ģԲᵥʵʵ飬ǻš
֮󣬲ûнͲˣǷŵ˿ռ
ͲΣ׼ȥϰо¡
ûὥ״̬Ĺ¶࣬ʵչһ飬ɺδɵҩ𣬲Ҳһ
ǹ¶ԼĹ䣬ߵ(co)̨ļȫ塣
кܶ޷ҪܵļȻ򲻿ҷܹ㶨
֮ӿռóһ̣뵽̨ܿ첡ʴļȫˡ
ԺҩоҩʦҲŪЩ˵ҩ
Щ֮ûгȥǿʱˣװҽ˼ˣʧȥеķġ
ϵĹ¶Ҳ˷Ӧ˲ϵĳ鴤()忪ʼΣ󱳵ĹͷͻһֽҲ˹ͷͻ(qng)˲˹
ҩ˸ãĻͻ䡣
ûʧԤ֮С
Ͼ¶ss۷弶ľʮߣҩٸ޷ġ
ʳҲõĽ
¹¶()ϵҩЧʧָһ֧ss򶨼ָģٻ˯Сʱ
Щ֮Լһ()Ȼʵҵ򿪼˳ȥ
ȻˣŴһֺֹرգǲԺָıˣûзϡ
ҲûжԸǣ֪ȫǼء
ߵһȣȥ֮ǰʵ䣬Žȥϵ¼ܣ(qng)ȫ¼Ȼ͸塣
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1793.1793 Ҫ


1793 Ҫ
ʵ(qng)ȫ
ߵſڣ¼ЩʧʵҲ
Щֱ֮ӳҩоһǸѰһ绰
նѰŪģᱻѬB˼ء
Ƶ֮ѰͿһǽ
û()ȴˣ¶ѾҸɷˣ׼оĲֿȫըˡ
ѰɵþˣôЧʣ
ǰһſڽңҸܶĵطȱһܷͷҰˣٳ
оרŵĲֿ⣬ѷźܶѾиõҩըҪ̫鷳ˡ
ҵһǵҩоʵ飬ɵĸõȣ׼عȥ
ֻЩ(qng)ָҪҹͨˡ
ѰһΣ̫ˣ
аɣһ㣬ֱȥҼסɡҵĻûмѲ顣
¶׼ôֱŪʡ
صô̫ˣѾԼоҩ÷ˣʱٻȥιԵ㶾ҩܻں()޷ȱˡ
ѰҲ(ͦ)й¶ģУ㿴Űͺã
ˣҪըĻоʵһըˣоԱܶ඼ɥĲ񣬶**ʵִţҲǻ
ǰҩоһʱ䣬֪Щ˵ɥĲ漸ûˣЩ̬
ҲԣҲѻָԪ
ԭһ棬Ҫİ̾һ
Ѱ뷭ۣ㽫¶ŪĻ󣿡
ţܿҪ䶯ˡ
ðɣȥˣ㽫ͣվλãǼǡܵĻġ
ãҵ㣡Ѱ֪ΪʲôĪЩ
һһֱ(qng)ܰ
˹绰͵͵Ļʼʵҡ
¶໹ڻԣƵ¼ƣһ߽ϼһɵĻ£һ߸ι˶ҩ
ҩֻù¶ڽ(r)ÿ춼һʱȫ()Ǳһʹ࣬һὫ
ܽһĵ䣬Ϊһͨˣͬһ𣬽ssҩʦΪҩò˵ķˡ
ȥвɹ˵㶫׼˹Ůڵˣʣµ2030~~Ůڿ~~


1794.1794 


1794 
ôˣƵｫ˵˳Ϊ˾һЩҪרҩ˵ı̬ôĻкñġ
ѾˣҲˡ
ʱ͸ߵսȥͼʧһʱ󣬻ӰӦҲܼС
¼¶֮ǰǸϣ뽫ѡ
ʱ¶ʼҩЧѾˣȫ()Ȼھȴ˵ˡ
ҪʲôϿңҾѹ̲ס޵Ŀźݻ
ȫ֮һҪòҹߵػӣѾͷץȻøֶĥ
Цһ㣿ΰɡ
֪ΪʲôҪŪ𣿡ЦЦζĿŹ¶ࡣ
¶ܾŲõ⣬еľ㵽
Ҳֻ࣬һ£ĵطˡһɷƵ˵
¶ɴ۾ܳ˵ĻѾ˲֪ٴˣң
ģ˻ϽʵҲôߵָ̨˶ܿ췿ͳһҩоļƵ
¶Ժ֪ûм̻ûۿĻһԾ(qng)ĺú¡ı̬ûǸϸȥ̻
¶ȷʵûпȴ֪ʲô˼Ҫȴʧˡ
ŭ⣬ѹ(qng)ֻ˵Ҫʲô˵Ҷ㣬㲻Ҫ嶯
һ㶼嶯Ҿ뿴ҩо̻߹ȥŹ¶һŷʡһг
¶صҪ󺰣ѾˣͻȻڵһʱΪʲôûȺ
ֻĿţ()ֽһĶȻ˾ʧˣúá
ȻűֹϣӼԿŵĴŷˣȴ޶ԣûѪ
ȻĿŲٽ˺()Ƶֽ϶кܴ⣬򵥡
ȴ޷ֲõԤԽԽǿһִδйļΣոС
ʱžãǸѾͷҪɴ£ָҪһӵѪˡ
ﻹף׶Ѿͷɵġ
ֺֻޣоԼң֮ǰҲ̫ˡ


1795.1795 ôһ


1795 ôһ
ʱ¶(qng)ĴһֿҪıԵ
ҩоˣڼĹʵ飬֪Σ١
мλȽϱ̬ҩʦʱڽ**ʵ飬ҩעʵĥ
ҲڵȻ¼
ЩʵĻѾΣȳȥҲٻȥоǾŸĸдѰ˵ģӦֱӻˣЩֵ̬ù
ҩоܴݻٵķ׭뿪ߵʼѰ绰ĵط
Ȼͣ򿪳ȥ
ȵңڳ()ÿųڼſڸļ¹ת¡
Ѱˣ
ţȵҾͷ̻żֳء
Ҳٶʣ˼ҡ
˵ģĴһ֣ܹ·ߵļؿ
ûлسĵĹԢǿһֱܹӿһ֡
󣬼ҲͲڣųӳ˳
Ѱü⻹ã
ȤҪһ档ﻹûù()
ѰҲĺܸȤð
ӿռóһ()ԭҪܴѰ()ûС
ͷžԼ()Ϊý֮ԺþͿԼˡ
ɻңҲˡʹ÷
Ѱӹպãţ
һȥһ¥ĿѰóһն˵˵㣬һͶӰ˿о
ʼɡ˵
Цãôһ
ΪҲ׼ģֻǱˡѰʼ硣
()оܼ򵥣ĻҪֺܶ࣬ҹѽֱȫˡ
˱ˣиţ()ĺõǲһ
óһӷ֮ǰҹ֮ͬ
ֻҩоķȼȲҹҪͣǸΪ˽ըԲؽֻըоɡ
Ȼеķ
ܿеķһĻΪҽͶӰ(qng)Ҳصĺ¡Ȼ̻һը
εĶȲҹǴθ󣬼ǰ죬ҹǵ˶ˡ


1796.1796 ˣ


1796 ˣ
ҹǵĻӺֱսŵսʿ𶯣ʻ׳оķȥ
ٸ߲ҲһֲŸȥôˣ
ҸеѾɷҩо˶ݵĿհס
Ǹʲôоôˣôܣ
Ҫ֪ҩоرɭϣӷըҩģֱ̫ˡ
˶ͬʱ뵽һˣ
û취ʵıըͻٻҹѾһˡ
Ǵ־ըˣҲоġ
о٣춼ˡ
űըɷоɵó˳ʱҲ뵽Լ˵ҪջԼĻ
ѾͷֱǸ
ûסնѰ
ѰƵͨ󣬶()ϰɡ
ͷ()˶ʧˡ
ѰͶӰرգŽƵԤϵ̫ӹƻһʱ뵽ȻԼ绰
ʱ򣬹ȥԡۣͷҲѾʪһϴģ
żֲͷʡ
ģ£㲻֪ʲô
ѰЩĪĿҸղŵбը𣬸׼·ȥʲô
ĿϬĶһһشӿ³ҩоըˣ
Ѱ¶ܵλľ֮ɫʲôҩоըˣ
ɫһ䣬к϶¶˵ĵĽ֮ɫأû°ɣ
ӵģ٣ء
ûһ𣿡ʡ
Ѱɫ˳㻳ң
ն˵ƵȫλģԼˣ
Ͽ찲ȥּе˵
һȦѰֳ(qng)ҲûкͶһ𣬡ãϹҲڡ
ţȹˣѰƵͨ
()ҪȥȦչĻҾÿóһӰ۵λá
ѰüҲǺѧģӰ󣡡
⻹ǣݹһϷȻҲѧһЩ
Ҫ㲻׼ѧѣ
Ѱһ߳ߣһ˵ҪȥΪʰ̯ӣҲǽѧˡ
˾ˣʲôƵ()Ϻˣβ׼ñ˱˵
ѰתͷüҪ£
Ϊʼ磬ˣ
УӮˣѰĴָ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~Ůڿ~~


1797.1797 ģ


1797 ģ
Ѱûе飬·ͳˡ
ҩоſڣվڲԶΧŲҹǵĺ߲ܶ㡣
ԶķϣӺֱսŵھѰûлڡ
³˹ȥ
ϴżּеȿʣôˣ
ɫ()ûڵĿǰڵˣûлڡ
Ѱ¿϶(qng)ģЩ̬Ͳûš
ȥ˵겻Ӧֱóȥʻžͳ˷档
ҪȥѰʵȴ׼ڣͰæƺ˽ˡ
ôӼʻ뿪̾˿⺢ӣ
ӶıϣҲ֪¡
ɫѱ棬ڽ췢ôͻȻ¼Ǹϵһʱŵľġ
ɿѰģЩ̫ȷˡ
òҪģҲ˲ƷˣҪŪɡ
Ѿ˴죬˵оԺ˸׳졣
ҩʦȫˣԭ˵ˣȴѰˣֻ˲֪
ΨһĻڣǱӾȳѾȫ()ĿȫǵĹ¶ࡣ
¶ĿһӵѪ٣һѪ˳
ڵʵΪķܵıըСֻǱû˵㲻صˡ
ʱ˫ﾡɺ죬˷ߵǰ
¶Ժ⵽ô£ǵһμǱ
¶һߺͺ⣬˿ȥ(qng)ЩȫǸѾͷġ
ʲôģһ߲㾪
Ȼôɵģ̲ס𾪡
ôģʡ
¶½(qng)˵һ飬ûҪҩ󱻷ʵ
Ͼڱ˲˹֮ҪҹߵֶλȥѪˣʲôķûôҪˡ
¶Ļڳ˶ĬƬ̡
û뵽ȻֶΣ˹¶ĿƣλʦŪ˲˹ġ
Ҫǣô˵Ƥӵ£ҩоըˡ
ôըҩоԺԴʲôģҲ̫ܰһ߲ɻʡ
¶һֶڶھЩԽܣܹ()һֽȻ˾ʧˡǽһֽըը˿Դ


1798.1798 ȫٴα


1798 ȫٴα
¶ôһ˵Ҷȫˣһֽ()ܵԴã
ô𣿻ǹ¶Ϳֻþˣ
ڴʱһ߲㿪ڵƷƷĽ
ǻǵҹǻһȦ˭Ҳټ󻹳ɹߵ(qng)𣿡
ʱѲӾ;֣ΪʲôҹǶҲǸһټǵļؿǼҹǵģȴûֵ()Ӱɲͺ(qng)һ
ԶԣвҹͻȻը֮ǰҲɻµ֤ݣֽڣǳ⣬˭ɵġһ߲Ҳ͵
һŶ⿪ˡ
ʱ˹죬Ϲ˺ܶҩоĺĻֻڲҹǴˣ档
ʲô˶ѾͷĵҲ̫˰ɣ
ŴҵնˣͿ˲ҹ(r)ͷǲ
ϴʮƵȫҩоߣûʵķ(qng)
ĥ¶Ḷ́ȥ⡣
һƵоը٣̻ӿƵƵϱ༭һ֣˵ĵطôڣ
ЩƵͬһʱڷǲϷ˳ȥ
Ҳʹȫٴαˣ
ǵĸ߲ǿ巢ǲ뵽(qng)һ()ˣ
֮ǰ֣û뵽ȻһαһֵĴֵˡ
׶ʦ(r)ȻûȥأȻ˼ҩоըˣ˼ҵssҩʦŪ˲˹
ֱ̫ˣ
˵ǵЩ߲ţƼҵ˶Ϣըˡ
ĵ绰ӿƼҼλ֮˵ն˴
ƷѾӷǱߵõ˾Ϣڽӵ绰ȫŮ(qng)
˭ĵ绰һŮţ()ҽӣǵĸ߲Ľ
һﵹ˸ŮȻôҪ(qng)ˡ
ǶɵΪѺˡ
ô࣬˼оˣҩо׻ˣҹǵĸ߲ܹŹ
ǵĻҲº޲ýץȥƤ
Ʒһ㶼ģЩ߲㣬Ůûаյ̣Ǿ͵ưɡ
Ҳڵ죬Ʒɴ뿪ǣŲҹڵȥ
ٲûΣǵĸ߲㶼ڵſϷ
󵽵ƷｫŮǻὫԼҲݽȥǺܺ棡
20~


1799.1799 Ҳ


1799 Ҳ
ҹߵĸ߲㿴ǲһࡣ
ҩоûʵ飬Ǵ˶֪ġ
˵˵˵ĸûзϣǿеԶ档
ҩоÿṩҩǣоıǵļҲкܴ͹ˡ
о**ʵ飬ٻ͹ȥġ
ôһ£ɱڴһ¡
Ҫǣҩоױˣ¶ԺϣҩʦȫûԺȥŪҩ
¶ԺǲҲˣ˼еʡ
һ¶ֲѪˣȫˣ
֮ǰ¼ݵҲȫǸѾͷˣҪ½ó¿ʼȴûпõҩʦˡ˫۵ɺ
վڵˣɫѿ˼㡣
ѰʻŻ׻
մӻͱٸ߲㶢סˡ
Ѱ콫
ҩо٣׶ʦ϶Ҳ˰ɡ
ѰʶȤľ͸ʲôط߽ǾԲôˡ
ѰĿɨɨڳˣ(qng)ʲôϵ
ҽȥоģҼǵѬB͵İɡ
ҽȥҩоôҼǵ͵أǹ¶ԺǿҪġ
ڳ¾()˦Ϻ󣿡
һټҲ(i)Ųš
ô仰ڳ˶ҭסˡ
ѬBɫǱ˱䣬˵ȥоҩоġ
ֳ֪ô(qng)Ƕȥġ
ϵã㲻ϰɣһ߲㲻ĵĿѰ˵
ѰüʲôҺϵãֻ۾ǹϵˣ
䣬ҲɢһҪˣʼ뵽ҹģҸûнκоҪˮ붼롣
㲻ҲҪұɣ
е(qng)ĶӾҲӦòˣֻû֤ݡ
ѰĶӣ˵û֤ݣ֤ݣҲܽժ
˳ǳ˵˵ʲôֲģҲûоȻûϵ


1800.1800 丸Ů


1800 丸Ů
ĿⲻƵĿB
ô£ôŽоģ
BʱͻȻһĺҲ̫ƫĹˣѵ
Ϊ˽ѰժͷӾƳȥ׵ܸɳ(qng)
޵ĶӺҵĶӣô
Ҳ뱳ȥҩоǹ¶ԺίеģƼġ
ѬBҲȥоҲ׶ʦίеģϵ裬ҽ
û뵽ԭҪȻǣѰģȴ͵ʴס
Ѱ˻ооը٣ǲʲôû̵()ʧء
ѵĻҲûپŲš
ȻϲĶӣܹ˵Ҳ֡
ȫѲǧˣԻӺֱսŵ
ͻȻ뵽ѰĲֿͬѰ˵Ϣһʱ䣬ץøųȥ
ѰνĵУҲҪӣʡҪұ
ڳĸ߲һѰҪףǽͷ
ֻϧһ̫ƻˣȻʼ͹ûжǣǹģҲò֤
һ̬Ⱦ֪ˣҪѰףҲû취
ҹǶѲ
Ϊ֪һ()ķѲѶȺܴ
ߵ˻һֱѰȥѲ顣
Ѳʱһ߶˵Ӧ
ѰԭҪܾģȴ̹()ܡ
˷ŽԷźܶѲΣŴ뿪
ⶰҲʱϴѲɡ
ߵѰȥͼڿŵ
ôģ
ҿý(xu)ɼ״̬ȻͲϢĲʾЦŻص
Ѱ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣŮ˵Ļǲ
û˵
ղЩһѲ飬ǱȽϽŵġ
ԼǣЩ潫ѳߡ
ҪֵˣѰ֪Щ˽ȥǽҹǷҲѵټ
ĵǵȻ丸Ůأ
ҹǻ()һȦôҲ׹ϰֵ硣
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~ĵĿƪûҪдˣȻ˾֮УŮװԡǼʺĩԥ~~


1801.1801 »ô


1801 »ô
֮ǰǲҹǺǵĸ߲֪¡
ͷǲƵҹǵںͼҲ֪ˣΪ֮𾪣
Ƶʵˣвٲҹ֮ǰʧٵˡ
ԼѾҩоŪȥ**ʵ飬ҹǵľ̲ס
ȻϿչʾУΪ
ֵòҹǵĸ߲ǣһƬͷ
Ǳ˻ĳݵһܸߵĳ̶ȡ
ǵĴʦôôţأڵ˵ĵϣܽԷҩоˣֱ
˼ΪۣΪǵżcall
ͬʱҲڵİΣʱʱעǲܶԹġ
ѰסĵطӺֱӵˣҹѲǷһ鶼ûҵ
òҹǵĸ߲죬ɫǺڵģһɢ
һƷҲϵ˲ҹǡ
֮ǰһΣ͵һƣһ()˽ȥ
ûмȥȥѼһ飬ҹ߱ȽȨƸ߲ĺԼѱ
ҵļȴ򲻿ûϵзڿƼأûƽⲻ˵ġ
ռòˣȥ
ѰʱеĺȲɹ̫
֣Լϰֳ֣()Цݡ
Ʒ߹ȥͷұŮ
Ȼ֣ƣţ࣬
ٺٵЦЦллְֿ佱
ɵΪϰӣΪһ衣
֣ȻȥֱҴ̸УԼλʡ
ƷЦ˵ûȥѾ̸еİգֱȥɡ
ҲƼԼϵսţִﲻҹԾ㸽Ҫǲú̸УǴ˾Ϳһս˵
Ѿ(qng)׵ˣ˵ǰ
ȻôǣƷЦ
ϣ³һٺóԵϰ֣ѰҲմ⡣
ڶ죬()뿪ų˲ҹǸ߲רµĴ¥ſڡ
˳()ҡڵĳ֣˺䶯
ӺֱսŵĻսʿΧס˳ֵϢһʱҲ˲ҹǵĸ߲ǡ
߲ǵõϢֻһ뷨ô治Ʒ»ôš
УһôģȻûз֣ؾֵЩǳԸɷİɡ


1802.1802 ŮҲûİ


1802 ŮҲûİ
߲Ӱ칫¥߳
ƶþòˣΪ׵ĸ߲㿴ƷƤЦ()Цк
ĿɨɨƷ()ԸŵŮӣ˭뵽ôһȥ޺Ѿͷֳô(qng)
ƷЦЦǰþòˣ
Ҫ̸̸ɡ̬ɴţһ㶼ûڱ˵ϵԾ()
߲Ҳ֪ƷǸΪѲļһܹôĽ벻ҹǣǱ£ߵʵǼ˿Ӧˡ
ã͸ߴ죡ܿһϢ
Ǳ߻صҲ죬ȽƼҸŮȥ
Ǵܿ͹ƶȥ¥ɡ߲һơ
Ʒͷ¥
滤ӺֱսŵĻսʿûɢı¥Χˡ
ȫ߼ıս״̬
Լʮӣ߱ȽоȨĸ߲
Ů˵ЦȲģ˶εģǿ˭أ
ߵ׵λ£Цݲ۵ףƶ
ƷﹴЦк죬ּˣ
һ㶼Ʒ棬ÿ˶ûɶ¡
Ҳ붵ȦӣǿżɽʣΪ˱
ƷŵЦҪĻ
һҭòʵһܹϢĽĬĬ뿪ҲӦû⡣
ȻǲòƷĻôôˬء
ǹҪʲôƶֱ˵ɡֺƷ򽻵ۡ
ƷŲ豭Ƶ˵̸һ⡣
⣿ҩоը٣ƶİɣѲ(qng)㻹뽫ҩΪƷҪҩɵһ
ҩойɷݵģôȫĸΡ
ôŹŮġ
ƷЦһ̫߿ˣݶҵһҩ˾ۡ
Ӷֱӿߵõһͼĳ涴꣬˵ܼѵһ֧սҪȥɨ()Ҫһ
㶣ȻƷ飬Ȥ
ŮȤȥֵȻҪˡƷһ㶼ԼŮʵ
ڳļ˳˳ǣŮҲûİɡ
ƷһﶼŮʲôˣȫǵ죬Ǿò


1803.1803 ǸصĻ쵰


1803 ǸصĻ쵰
ƷĻöɫֱ䡣
̲סصӣһŭ˵Ʒ̫ˣɲǣĵط
ԵͼսӶļƻôԸƷһ
Ҫơ
Ʒ۾()ϵѹͻȻɢŶѹȥ
飡žͼŵĵӾѿֱˤ˵ϡ
㻹ûʸ˵Ʒһ⻹ûжȨɹأôԽ޴ˣ
⻰øˤڵϵĶĪһһ֪ʲô
ɫĳ쿴˿Ľţ۾
ƷѪˣվ()εǲˣֻǺݺݵĵ㵱ǲҹû𣿡
ƷúϻӴֱָóһļӦųÿ˶һݡ
ȿЩپϲ
˶Ǹǰļ
⣬ÿ˵ɫֱ䣬ԽԽѿһ˵ıС
ǿľͷĪðһ亹һô֪Щģ
̫ˣ
ԼʮӣƷ￪ڴİô𣿡
ڳ˶޲ýˡ
һ߲̲ס˵߲ЩܳΪвǵİѱ𣿡
Ʒü뿪ս
аӷ㣡÷նƾ
ܿ촩һ()սװ˧()˵ƾĻϣ֣
׼ˣƷʡ
ƾŵЦЦȫ׼ˣʱ׼ս
սĻ˳һ߼սͣԾ㸽
սֱӼʻףڳһʱԾ㿪սģ
׼þУҵƷֶ֪вЩ˲һϣȻҪֵһʩѹˡ
ǣƾͷ
ƵͨƷŵĿżʣҪս𣿡
·ûп˺ƷһֳĬڿϷ
켸ǹɱиƷǸصĻ쵰
Ҫս𣿿սװҪ湥򵽲ҹ쵰Ӧϣǻʧء
֮ǰΪǿɾʧһΡ
Ļʲرһǵİѱһ첻Ǿ͸оġ


1804.1804 ˱


1804 ˱
Ҳˣ˽֡
ڴʱѰ˽ߵ·λ¡
˼״Щôˣ
ֲεĻ飬ֲѰμӡ
Ѱδ˵ȿˣġ
죬ʲô˼и߲̲סʡ
ʵ򲻴ص㻹Ҫ̬ȡ
ЦЦƶҪ̸ϷֵͼҲȽϸȤҾͽһˡ
϶ıˣȻ֣߽Է£϶սš
о٣ȷʵʵ津Ǻܴʵ¶õҩûˡ
Ƽλүܹӳҩ˵úҪ
Ʒʮ׼оóԷɢѹûб١
һȻ½ߣʵԺǿܽնɱ
ҲûбҪȥˡ
Ҫǻɶʮǰʢʱ϶ôˡ
()()Ĳϲս(qng)ˡ
ҪǣҪΪѰ·
ôһ˵Ҳ֪˼һ˿ͬʱ־ñĻš
Ҿ֪ǴǴֱˬˡƷĽѾԤϵˡ
ȻԷʵҪ֣ͷ㵽ףƾսų֣⣬ʵҲ뷨
ɵź˵ԭߵսʿдһġ
켸˺޲ýƷӳȥһȫǵ˱ԡ
ȴóƷģЦԺŻлġ
Ʒĵֳô(qng)Ȼܾôˡ
ջġ
죬ҪǺ𣿡һ߲ڶʾ£ӲͷƤ˵ң˼
ûлش⣬ЦЦĿļʲôһ(ͦ)Ȥġ
ôһ䣬Ȼϵļǧ鷳ʹˡ
رǶ죬ʱŵһ()
˲ٷԣƷ￪ʼ̸˺ȥһʵһֱڰнϾ
̸еĽƷߣһ֧սŸǰͼͬʱṩ涴׼ȷꡣ
ѰΪǸܻսŵս˧һǵ߳
öŻҪΪдѱƷУֻܸ()һĬˡ
ȴȥ˵ͼ˽Ѱһȥʲ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~Ǵ˵ĩҲıȽϸȤдͷԿܹܲ~~


1805.1805 


1805 
̸ˣƷҲ˲ҹߵĹ͡
Ҳͨ˺
Ʒ֣ǽ뿪ˣºǻϣ
˳涴ľ꣬ԭҪһִ֮еļƻҲǰˡ
ֻǱ˴˼䶼Ҫ׼ԾԼ֮󼯺ϣȻһ
ЦЦã
¥ƷֱӴСͷɴ뿪ҹǡ
ҹǵ߲֪һñˣôŹˣ
ѵǲҹǻƷﲻɣ
Ҫֹȴûа취˭Ǵͬеģһֻܼš
(qng)Ҳûʲôܿ첻ҹǵĸ߲Ǿ֪ˡ
ŵĲôôôһ
Ƕæµÿ춼ҪӦҪһˣҲ˸ӵĺѰ
Ҫˣսһ涴λãĵ뿪ˣռԴҲġ
ڻ÷ֳȥô棬Ҫץˡ
ڶץƷ︸Ůûܣֳ
ƾ˻ϺƼߵսżصԭפƷŶŮŮǡ
λȥƷ˽˷ɴռܴ󻹺ʡ
սӵ˸ŷһ˷ɴ
ǰ뻳ӵһ
()սӶԱǣһں봵ֲңλţ()ɩӣǷĵĳݡ
Ҳµһǵţɩȴֱȥ˼ܲô£С
ɩӺãȷſһ˷׷ں
Ҳ(qng)󷽵ЦźǴкǺã
ֶһЦŰڰ֣ԼҵطϢȥ
ǣҲ뵱ݡ
ƷƾڷɴǰĿͲϢҲǹó˿ռͷ塣
Сǣȥķ䡣
սţͱ尴
Сʱڷ˫ֻĲӣȾżֺΡ
ٹǾܻȥˡ()
ְһƷ˿ǰڿԻȥˡ
λȥǾͽ¶ɡͷĿ˵
̧Цͬð
Ұ˵裬һȥ棬Ȼһǡ
̫ˣЩҲ˳ϿˣҰһܸˡ


1806.1806 ǲ


1806 ǲ
Ҳ(ͦ)ġ
ֻҪ˸㶨֮ͿԽһȶͨҲʱܵݾӣҲʱȥ
δԣǼ̳ˣǶӲ̫ʵ
ֻҪ涴ȶʱƼҵսŵأѰǱ߸㶨һǵţ֮ҲǺ͵һˡ
Ҳͬ뷨ʱսһЩӢصȻרػĳ涴ͨ
ãʱ˺Ӿ;Żȥ̽ס˶ǣսҲǽҲ¡
ЦĿ鶼ûأźˡ
ⲻǿҵСһ(i)ҲҪһһ(i)Ů
ǾͿԺıˣ
ŮУǰûʲôоɿŽҵСӣҲ뽫иԼҵȵСӡ
ҵı£ԺǹҪһ֧ӣĲЦ
ûһѣֲĸ
ڷ´˻ᣬһȥǰĿͲա
Ʒﲢڣֻƾͱڿġ
˹ƾЦ֣
Цź˴ȤǸʲôȥˣô
Сġ
ĶҲ(ͦ)ġ
ûĵ˵ǣǲˣ
һѾƾ֪֮ͿԻؼˣԶܼ(qng)ܺá
£ʣǲǻҪȥ׼£ûʲôܰæģ
صа׼׳ܻ״ȥҲŪһȥµʱ仹(ͦ)ġ
⻹˵һǵţȻûô쳬ܻס
ĻԺԸãȫԴģͶʹá
䷽ǻ˲ҹоߵģĻźܴİԻȥ֮Ըҩ˾ǹ䷽
ǰҪȫ񿪷ŻĹȨͼĻıȡ۸ҲҪƽ񻯡
Ը߼ĻûƣϾģԽ߼ҩʹõĲϾԽ߼ƽ()Ҳ
Ҫǣ䷽õҩ˾Ҫṩʮƿҩôȥʹãʵ
ֻӵǿʵԵ
һӽҪβر𿨣~20~~


1807.1807 ȻŹ


1807 ȻŹ
ǲ(qng)϶òʲôͰǵʱȥҩ˾๤
Ҫúҩ˾ڽʮ֧
һ˵ĵͷôܹΪʲôˡ
һܺһ˻صǡ
ûлԼıǸϰֻƼҵլ
˼үү˺ȥڵԺӡ
ͲµѾԺݺòˡ
ںã
ЦŶ֣
º󣬺˼䣬ͽ䷽˹ȥڣ㽻ҵˣ
ЦŽӹļⷭ˷ĺܺãлҪã
Щ˵ʵ鱾Ͳôڡļʲôȥɡ
뽫䷽ȥھôʡ
΢΢һЦ(ͦ)õģҿ䷽СԺԣȫ˵Ǻ¡
лл֧֣ô˵ͷˡ
һᣬڸһԼоҩĵ뿪
ĵ÷ŵռʱ֮ǰѰæҵһļȥүӵ鷿
һүүְֵ˻
Сõүſʲô(qng)˵ɡ
ܾŮҪ˵(qng)Ƽҹϵܴ
˵˵(qng)үӵ˶ûзԣŪ䷽Ȼôô
һҩ˾Ҳ䷽Ʒʾ׼ʮ֧ȼͬĻΪر
䷽ڣ˾ĹɶҲͲʲô
㣬Сöûзԡ
˵˵ڶ£ȥҹǣзһ£үүҺǵһֱйᡣ
ҰǴϮǶǱǵŸɵģĴ³·
ҵһβμֱǵŵɱøϵġ
Žһ͵һǵǱ߽׵֤ݣүӵ˵նˡ
һǵǱйأÿһⲻ۴С¼֤Աá
þͱ˿ӡ
(qng)ȻŹ
Ҫֱ()ʵãٻ
ҲԭҪɱԼˡ
ү֮ǰʵЩˣֻû֤ݣǱεҲܺãֻܲϵĶԶȨ
Ůó֤ݣҪҲƼҵϵ޻˵


1808.1808 


1808 
үӺͶ߹ϵһ㣬ҪȨһˡ
Ҳ˶ҪɱӺŮֵܣǲĴġ
ϣƷֵ֮ǰҲлɣԲûжԾ
СȲѣͶǱߵĹϵû뵽Է(qng)
𣿡үĿСá
С͵̧ͷŵĿүӣ֣㾹ңȻǲϲ磬ҲûɥĲֵز
ֻǾüƫĶӣϴСԼֵܸ(qng)һ㣬Բϲ߶
ûҪƷ
رЩ꣬ϹʱȰ˵ǲһˣ罫һҩ˾Ӫĺܺã()ʵҩˮƽܸߣܹڣҪȨˡ
Ȩ˼ҲˣϾһֱֻҪ֤Ů˲˲ҲǷҪƷ
үӼ𾪲װģŷ
µľǶŮ֮ڶȨչɥĲĵزûУ
Ҳǻ㣬ͶߵıȽϽ㱻ˡζĵ
ӵ·ô֪ģʮ**ǴŮ(to)ġ
ŮһŮǿ˵ӣʵ()ֱ̫ˣֻ׵ˣױá
С()ӲϲҲǴ򲻻һҩ˾߹ܵĲΡ
ү⻰ͻȻʧ֮ǰǱ߾ʱ١
֪Է()ıһպүӺ϶˵˴ʲôطǱʣҲ˵һ䡣
ûôʧˡ
ɫͻȻ˰ףû뵽Լ֮ٲ㺦˴硣
ӦǱˣع뻹ǽ˵˳û뵽ǻˡ
һģȨ⣬ɺ;ÿˡ
磬Բ𣡡Щ֪ĿƷһϴ
ƷҲúƽϣҪˣԻ׵ġ
ӦԼ˸Ϲһ
Ҫ÷סã֪ʲô
÷Թ˾ĹҲܴ󣬶ҴȨһֻоŻԴ(qng)һֻ۱һֻۡ
ҪǻǰСˣֻһͨ죬Ȼġ
үӼ״ˣȻȷ֤ݣҾȥǱһˡ
ǣ¾ɰ㴦ˡƷ
ܿ죬һǵ(qng)ƼҶһȫƼţһҩ˾ְҲᡣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1809.1809 ȥˣ


1809 ȥˣ
֤ݽүүҲûйܶ(qng)Ȼүү(ͦ)ݵġ
ҪľȨڽǵȨᣬֻƽһǾԻܡ
ȥԼĻ׹˾ôӵһǵǱߵõ¼ȡʮaܻף˾ŵϹߡ
оԺǱһĵϵļǿһǵűַˣѾҽλ뵽оԺ
һСģоԺˣǲûطޡ
ֻޱȵĽڵĻ׹˾
һ׹˾ĸ߲ҲǳӶˣΪʲôҪôԲУߡ
û뿪Ļĳܻ׼ǲõһ׹˾ˣҲȡ
ֻϧںҲˣǵĸ߲ȥƷ˽ӴҪǰæ˵ûȥ
Ʒ˻
ʱ֪Ǽģȥˣ
⵽ߵĸ˾ӭرǻ׺ҩ˾Ҫá
ųϢȥҪԺҩ˾ҩ
ڼ򶼺䶯ˣֻǵҩ˾ҩ˾߲㣬׷ǰǣҪ
Ҫ(qng)ܶ࣬Ǿͽѡ(qng)˱ȥ
Ȳ鿴Щҩ˾ӣǺǰᡣ
ܿ챡˾ѡʮʵҩ˾ȶǹһֻ䷽ڸԽʮ֧ŻὫһֹ
Щѡҩ˾ûܼ
Ȼβҩ˾٣ϰ˿ڣÿ˶ãгر󣬸
һǴѪһȥ׼
Щûܲҩ˾ʧѣȴȥ鷳ʵڵĻ̫֮ʢˡ
ͷ˶æµΪȥͼ׼
һµʱ䵽ˡ
ߺҩ˾׹˾ԼõĶҲˣȫŵ˿ռȻһ˳սսǰҹԾϡ
˷ս⣬ƷŵսҲѡǧӢĻսʿ棬ƼǱߵսҲǧսʿμӡ
սǧսʿҹǱ߽һսʿǵԼõġ
̫ˣ˳㣬2030-21~~


1810.1810 㵱ɵ


1810 㵱ɵ
һ˵ִﲻҹԾ㸽Ѱȳɵ˹
ս򿪣
(qng)Σʡ
ѰºصУһսʿǧҵˡ
ǵǧ࣬Ӧһٽǵǧ¡
ЦЦĿֱӸҵҩҸһ£ʡºܶࡣ
ü㵱ɵʮ**ᵥΪ˰ȫ϶Ӫ
ָ˽ӴǣԷֹ¶
Ѱ˼ĵͷ⵹ǡ
˵ȥҲԾǰǧսʿУһǧսӣ˶ʮʮߣȫaס
ҪӲĻߵ϶С
ʲôֵǼһﻹ˷ֳһһӣߵȫֿһˡ
˵(ͦ)ġ
·Ͻˣǵͼٸأ°ͣ¶ȷʵֵÿǣѻᡣ
ƾڵȵ˵ͼٸɰɣһĻᣬѹȺΣУʲôǰƽ
Ȼ⻰˵ЩѪɶԵ͵˵ʺߵһ·
ǻƾ˵ߺʹľҽԾΡ
Ҳֻ֪оѪϴܳǿ󣬶ĻͬãǾǽսǸܵΣٸⲨˣҲöǷɡ
ͷãǾôɣ
֣ʱͿæˣɼ(qng)ͼսźѪ()Ҫ
ߣǴﵽsssͷſĻÿһս۶ϸọ̈̄ѡ
Ʒûã
ҴӦԲԼƻҿʼ
󣬶Ѱսźǻϡ
ԭѰΪսŵս˧жڣȱ˸ս˧
Ҳûа취ģʵǶ()ݵλܱȵġ
ֻѰҲ⣬ԼǧˣüȽϻԼȥڶԷǽǣڵ㣬ڲĵʱ()ǺӰɡ
Ϻ󣬶˼Ʒ
ЦЦĿƷ(to)û뵽ƶξԲˣѵǸ͵и˽⣿ǲʲôö
ƷԲ룬ĸеȣҲΪˣ


1811.1811 Ԥ


1811 Ԥ
Ʒ֪Ƕ̽
һģЦ˵ʵΪͼʲôҸȤģ
ҪҼһȥˡ
ָĿŶҲʡòСľͱ۸ȥ
˺ڣƷһĻǷʵУԶԵͼȤ۸ȻҲʵôôˬء
ƤЦ()Ц˵ƶˣСô˭۸
ԭ׼ڵͼʱɵʲô⣬ѰŪƷ쵰ڣǲ̫ˡ
÷ƷЩһʹۣ
ĵƣﵹ˿Ҳûôˡ
ŮȷʵǲҹЩֻһǵÿŵ㣬ŮǺܽġƷｾ˵
켸ɫѿһ̫ҪˣŮͬʱҪǲҹǵ
˼Ҳû˵ߵĵڶ̫ˡ
úúõĺ͸Ҹ߲˵˵ԺٷЩһʡԽԽϣǳŶ
ƷǰʹνûռϷ磬űġ
ƶ׼£Сʱ߾ȻսˣʲôͨѶ磡һ
Ʒڰ֣Уϵ
ŴԼ뿪Ѱߵ()ģûǡ
(qng)˸ŻѪѰļһҪǴţŪˡ
ֻǲôˬҲʱѰû취ֻϣȥܹ֮ɸ⣬ѰԶˡ
Ʒļһһȥʲô(r)ְġ
ߺѰƷһԮսӦþΪ˷ǣ㡣
»͸¶ģ֪컹ôһŵƣѹһаյģ
ƷЩ²⣬֪˭𣿡
Բҹǵߣ˽ġ
Ѱص׻ʦ
ƷüȻܽ׻ЩҵԤϡ
ְִżּɵģʣ֣׻ǲǲҹλssĶʦ
ƷͷҲǸֻ̬Զ죬ϲ˵һ죬ֶεȺ()Ѫȡ
һὫĴϢģ£Ǹ꣬ԺԶ㡣


1812.1812 Ļ


1812 Ļ
֮ǰʵȥҹǵĶԺµģΪԷߵ׻ѡ˷ġ
׻磬ֻ˵ϲ¶רУȴû뵽Ȼ̬û˶졣
һǵЩνĴʦʹʦû˭ǸɾûմȾѪȵġ
ǲǺѶԸЩĵʡ
Ҳѹֶָ֪ȥ󣬻ԭ̡
ƷЦļ򣬡ǼһȻȽѲа취Ըõģ
ԼϰֵʵǾΣţʱͽˡ
ĻҪٿսˣͼܹѹʮߣʱʵҲܵƣҾͺˣƷΪĲͬھֶռ˲ơ
ǰ˵׻û˶죬ͺܷУܽὫŪ˵ҲǺ¡
Ѱʣܿס𣿡
ѰŵĵͷܣȻʮ磬Լѹ
ȳ׿սǣ׻Ϳס죬ߵӦþܼС١Ʒ
Ҳǰ벽ģߵĵ֮һŮŮ֣ҲȡʤĹؼ
Ѱͷã
()Ϊҹߵĸս˧ҲöʮӺ뿪صԼս
Ȼֶڵսһսճһξ룬(ͦ)СĽġ
ʱһսʻͨͼĳ涴㡣
Ҳǽ죬Ž涴깫ԷСʻ괬
սִ涴
ͨѶƷһһҵ·߽Ծ룬Ҳֹܷһȹȥһ߽Χ֮ġ
ƷҲ뷨ߴһ¡
Ծɹַһ󣬼սŴӵͼĳ涴˳ȥ
սֵĵһʱ䣬ǿ˾յϢ
뿪ķڳ涴ܵļأΪľǷֹһ쵽
ڰ칫ҿļҲ֪СӺôˣǵİΣ
ͻȻҴҵŽԲˣ涴ͻȻ˼սȼδ֪ҲӦȫaϡ
һ㶣ſЦĻˣ
ļվ()ԸȫԱӭս׼ϵٿĴ˵ĸ߲顣
ǣһȵ뿪ȥ졣
̾˿ͻȻôսٵ˵ļƻʧˣ˵пܽһѡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1813.1813 ڻ


1813 ڻ
ܿ죬ٵ۹۹ǿ˵ĵȨǣμƵ顣
֮ǰķΪ˵ֿ߼ѾͬıεĻɷӷ
һص˵涴˼ҳԽǿƼսǶ֪˰ɣ
µ۵֪ˣ߲ư
ֱɱȥ̸أµʡ
ǿüʲôû壬ûʱҪ
ӣǱϢ𣿡
ıСҲȥ棬һϢûУɵõ
ҡҡͷʱûϢ
ʱڵĻң˽
ôˣٿʧ̬
ѹ(qng)ԣ˻ˡ
£Ҳ¶ϲɫ콫ǽн
ǣ
ܿ죬ͷ⣬֮ǰһǰ滹ŵ˶߽˰칫ҡ
Ҳͬ(qng)
ĻҸ߲㶼ܼȥڻˡ
ӼԼҶӺϱȻڣ˽̲סԱʣأ
ԷӾ˾񣬡ԣڵзսӦڻʱ޷
ȻҶҪ·ΣУ̼ǵѪȣΪ˼ǵȺĴ˸߲ͨһͨ
˻ţӺͷܵҲͷ
ʲô(qng)˵һ˵ӵ
վŴ˵˵ڸ߼սҪߵ򣬽ռӶᣬһһྫӢսʿִл˺ܶ߶˵
֮⣬ǻЯ˴Ĳ͸߽ޣܿ콫ǵչ
ʲô˲һڸ߲㶼ˡ
ΪȽƵľڿƼϵս׺û뵽вޡ
ʵҲҪǿܶ࣬Ǳս˧һǧྫӢӣȫʮʮɵĻսʿȻ֮ܵȼܵƣҲʮߡ
ɨɨķĸ߲㣬ǿҲֻʮ߶ѣٵÿ
ˣз߸棬ǿܹһ֮һĴڡһ䡣
ȴû˵ϰһλҲҪøλѹ
Ļԭͺܵĵĸ߲ǣһ˵ľ֮С


1814.1814 㲻̼


1814 㲻̼
ƵһֹĳĬУĴ˵ĸ߲㲻֪Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
󣬷ӿűصʣ˼һʤ㶼ûˣ
ԼӺͶϱĵģܾ(qng)ûеǸز
ȻЦ˵ǻһ֮ġ
λר̴ʮĸ߼׻ϰƿĻֻҪսŵľӢսʿϣϣġ
Ųһ䣬߼׺ҩȫռģҲǴ˼ʮռ˲Դ
Ȼǰٻʵۺ̫Ҳ˺ܴİ
ҲѡһҪԭȽװԴװѪ()Ҳûսʵߺͭô
̫ˣǴװҲһս֮ûа취ʤЩ˵
ĸ߲Ҳͬļ
ͬʱ̾ȻûʧȻôŪ˶ĻסҩԴ
ȥ˽ԴԴó÷ӵȸ߲䡣
ֿʼƻսļƻǶȽ죬ȫ̲ˡ
ṩԴʣµľҪһŬˡ
һߣΪֻЩСɫԶ֪뿪ֻ˲һԭ򣬲ûйӡ
±棬˾ȻŻԴȥ֧Ԯ·ŭˡ
ͨƷսƵͨ
СĽԾȽϲˬҲûǰԷս³⡣
Ʒ˵ͨ£
ҲȦӣĿڷ()ϣյϢǵ˲ֻսţŴĻ׺ȥ֧Ԯ͵֪𣿡
˵ռסҩԴ֮ǰΪԣȴû뵽˼һ͸зȥ
̹Ȼĳϣ֪Щȥġ
£Ȼû뵽ôˣɫ˲()ҵҪС㣬㽫Դȥ֣ôĿʲô
һ˵㲻̼սԱȵ͵ǿ̫ˣҲ߯û˼ˡ
Ҿ͹ռ˻׺ҩȣǺúװһҪƴ˵ģȻӮ̫ɣͲˣʼ硣
˲ûһѪһ㶼á
ʲôӮ̫ɲû˼
ͿԺɵӮΪʲôҪŪúܸӣ
ǰ˵ǵһǵŵ˱̬쿴Ǹ̬


1815.1815 ְֹȻְ


1815 ְֹȻְ
޷Ի·
Ϊϣ˼棬͹װзǿ˴˵⣬ĻǺпܻʧġ
Ļǹߵ𣿡޲
ɴνģ㲻һܺõ𣿴ʲôʱûˣ첻˰ɣ
ȻߵĻᣬԶ죬ҳǺбҪġ
ðǹǶŸɵġ
ƶ㲻Ҳ˼ɣʵͼ󣬺ܹܿϷսƷȥˣα˷ʱ;ءζĿƷ˵
ƷȴЦһҲɻʤû˼Ҽ棬Ǿ濪ĺˣǵԴǸ𡣡
ǷˣôĻǵһμ˭ôŮġ
ƷﶼѾֻǳˣȫǽݵûˣѹôôš
ʲô£ҿɲܣһƵ绰Ҷϡ
˿ʼս״̬
Ҫ棬ɲ㣬δĶľӢŲˡ
׼Ƚĸ߽޷ųȥ͵ǿ˵ĵ۶Ǹȹһ
뵽һֻֿУٰͷŲҲĴӡ
ԴΣִܹǬ
ֻ()Ѱŵˣ͵͵Сͷɴ͸߽뿪ѰҲõϢ

Ԥϵ첻ԴУֻǻǵ͹һĺһ뽫ˡ
ҪɹˣĴ˾ӮˣҲǲġ
¸ְֵ֪ˣҪöȥЩ޸˰ɣܷ֮ŽĴڵ򡣡
ƷЦӸƿӣװѪҺ
ӹţ۾һֻ֣޵ľѪ
ǰ֮ǰȡ˲оʣЩȥŪٿޣЩѪעȥЩ߼޻Ϊã(ͦ)ϧġƷЦ
ְֹȻְ֣ôţ
ãȥ׼
ȻóƿޣŪ򵥵ĻǿԵġ
«ưŪ˼ֻֻ޺ĿޣЩѪŵͷųѪѹԼ档


1816.1816 


1816 
Ūְ֮ģ˼ŵģ޶Щ߼޷ʩˡ
ЩܸԽǿȥ¡
ĿǰΪ˲ö쾯Ǽ˻뿪
Ѱڵս
ȲѵĿ㵽ôɵģЩ߽ױȫѱˣֻûϮĴڵ򣬷ǵǵŻսʿȫҧˡ
˻ܻϮ˶쵥ɳȥפһŷǵսӣʧɲС
ҲûôŪȫˣҲʳã
͸öúó·ɵĽ
ѰЦû뵽ҲУ棡
Ϊ¶Ҫˣ˵Ѿ˺üͨ𣬻ڲԭء϶벻ô档
ܲͣһʱˡصҪŶߵսţĴ˸Ͽװӭս
޺Ͳ̫ȱˣԲöɹ
ѰͷӦͣ¡
Ȼĸ߽ƻʧܣʧ˺üսʿʱͣһܡ
ֳܿ(ɧ)(co)
ֱЯ͵͵׼ǨƬеϡ
ֻҪ⣬ֻţսŵҲ÷ֳѹæµܹ
ڲܻɺֲ֣ܿȴ⡣
Ѱ⣬ҲŪС˼أúڿͼ뵽˶սϵͳ
ҲЩսʿ͵͵ĴŲ뿪ú󣬾ͱŵսӺƾŵƼսӽˡ
ֻˣǻͶŵ˶ɱפĺüǡ
⼸פսӣȫ׼ҪȲ׳ɹ󣬽еһĶ顣
ڷʴ(qng)͸ˡ
֪һѪ˳
ҲνоҲˣܿó˽ҩʩȡ
ֻǲѾݻ˲սʿ()壬
ˣⶾ󿵸ҲҪһʱ䣬ǧ˵Ķ鲻жӰ֡
ֻ˳صսЩ˻ָжж
϶˿϶йأû֤ݡ
Ʒʺ󣬷Ʒһֻͨܽ£ٴͣ˽һ¡
һµʱĴӢսҲ׵װһ顣
ûʹ()ʺ;кܴĸߣﵽʻa׵
֮ǰ()ʣŪĻףܹʻĲᳬǧˡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1817.1817 Ǳ


1817 Ǳ
һµʱ䣬ߵҲˡ
Ҳûʵ޺ͲƻˣֱͨȫͶӰĴ˺
Ҳˣе֮϶һͶӰ
촩սװһ֧µԴ()վһǧʻa׵սӡ
Ը߼ڶǷͨ뺣Ĵ˹볼ҪԴϣ֮ÿҲҪһԴ
ļ˵ҪǸ翹Ǿֻ·һ
˵ʧͶӰУͶӰҲʧ
ˣܶǳ׿ֻɱ(qng)
֮ǰĴ˹Ҳڵȿֻţ˸߼򼴽ռ(qng)
û뵽λȫ򹫲
˲ȥڣķĴͬȡͶӰʽôˡ
ڶ֮ǰûֹ
ǿҪǿнȸҲǺбҪġ
رͨķʽûһЩࡣ
껰ƷߵƵͨ
ƷһɳɢĿڣ£
췴ʣƶ֪ҽ(qng)𣿡
ָǺȫ(qng)ƷúȦӡ
׵ϣҲϿ챸սǷֳ֧Ĵˡ
޼ƻѾˣҪƷ˵ս
Сúܴ̼ɡ
֪һһǰͨѶһ֧ŵսǰ֧Ԯ
Ҳû֯һʰˡ
Լ֧֧ԮսſҪʱ䣬ҲӦԵ׼
ðɣʱҪͿǱˡҲžƱŶ쾴˾
һ㶼ݣС˼ǣǴͷ󣿡
ǰѲǻһŮȥͷҲ̫ûʿ˰ɡȻĻص
ֱˣǷѾͷֱһ()
һǹҪǵսս
뵽ǸƻҲʱˡ
УǴͷ󣬵׼ҲҪսɣԴûǵķˡֵزҲҰġ
ЦЦǿ϶ɶսģҺͷҲμӣİɡ
΢㣬Ʒƶأ
ƷҡҡƱ˵ּĶսҪҶսҲ̫ˣҾսϿŰɡ


1818.1818 ս


1818 ս
ƷĿһֱǲսҪǣƣԼбĴ˹սӡ
ô˵췴˿Ҳǲϲ쵰սġ
Цһʱ׻ԣܲܽƷŪУһҲûʸˡ
Уһ͵սȷʵòƶսϢɡ
˶˵ҹ콫սƻǣʱϣܹϡ
ûк̧ܣã
νսƻ϶ȫ˽Ҳûϵ
⼸첻ֻ׼Ĵ˹ǽŵıս
Ҳ˼ƻźԱ䡣
ܿʱת۾͵ˡ
ЩͼôʶȤԥѡ˿ս
֧ԮսŻ͵ˣȫĽ¡
ηûзֿǸŶսĶһ
ƾȥٵ۹Ķ飬ȥ۹Ķ飬ԽѰȥǿߵĶ顣
ÿһ֧()󶼴һƷûķ()
˲鵽Ŀǰսǿ˳˸սͶս
Ϊ(qng)Ǳģǵ̽ûзԭǴͼȥġ
Ҳ˵˵ĸ߲УѾûжļһķǳɾڴҶվػ԰·ϡ
˵սԶǵĵطӭս
Ϊȫ˽սеֱ򿪡
ȻѾ֪ˣôʤǰܣһеɡ
ͷһսϣ滹սš
ǰ氲ƼҵսӸսӣҲȲ¶档
ܿ죬ߵս档
ŵǷܺͷȣ˼ʻaܻ׳ǿա
˵ôɱ⣡ܻܵͨ()
һʮߣʻaס
Цһƾǻɱ⣿Цİɡ
ӸǰĻﴫ˲Ц·ЦЦ
ܼʻ׵һȼյĻܽ˵棬սɣ
һս
ûϣȰǱбȽϡ
ʼͳ˾Ӣսӡ
ߵװȻĲɺͶߵսһࡣ
ȴǶսӵļʮľȡʤԼҪػ԰ľġ
1910ּ~


1819.1819 Ҳûа취


1819 Ҳûа취
ߵĻսʿܿͽ֡
ͷսϹۿԼͬ̾˿
ǷĻսʿֻս󣬻мʻļҲС
һ߿һ˵֮ǵֻװϣôӼʻ϶ѵС
ʱѡξӢǻ棬ͻʮܣڶսһʱ䣬ʻ׵ļȻˡĻսʿǱȽǱġ
սͼʻǰ£Ӳƾǿֿ
ߵսҲȽʺϣһһȫʮһ
Ūaܻ׼ӳ֣սȻ(r)ء
ڿսʱͽϰֵķ()˳ȥ
ÿĻױ䣬սʿΣգͻԷ׹䵽˿ĵطȻþתƵһ׼õĿսϡ
ҽӣܹʱоα
ŶԷս߾ߵľӢӲٳɣѸټս
ǵļ룬˲佫սƽ
ʮʮɵaսӣֻһٶˣȴܹһа١
ԽԽĻױ䣬ʧԽԽء
ڹۿֱ߲ǣһ̲ס
ϵֽ˽ȥȴǺʱ
ֱָϣһսֿܵס
̾˿ȴҪٵѪ
Ҳûа취ģǵõȶ֧Ԯսӵִ֣ܳô˵ĻױҲζ
Ȼϰֵתƣܶսʿǲɱġ
սսҲܱ֤˵ġ
()Ͽ˸ߵ̾
ͷţ
Ȼһ죬˵ĻսӲûйսӷ
¶ԷĻһֱ䣬ǿѪֵֿ
ҲòʱͣսϢ
öľӢӺǽܲˣԭΪһܸ㶨(qng)û뵽뽩֡
ͼ˷ʶ̫ǿˣռô򵥡
ԷǵװʵһʼҲֿɷʵľͻ˥Ƕʱھ¡
ǿսߵ(qng)Ҳ࣬Ƕ
һ󣬼ս
ֲһĻսʿõĻ˺սǿǣơ


1820.1820 ٺĻ


1820 ٺĻ
ߵĻսʿȻս㻮ˮҲᣬȴû취
Ƕˣռͼ򣬷֧Ԯʱ򣬾ͽεĶǣ˭ǲ
ȻʧأӲǰ˶֧Ԯսŵִ
һ֧Ļ֧ԮִܿͱΪս֧Ԯζûб
Ҳû뵽Щôܿǳױŭˡ
˵ĻˮҲԤϵˡ
޼ƻʧ֪ܺǿסˣǹϺȵģ͵͵ǿսţҲǼе˽ǰ֧Ԯ
µ´һҪսȫ¡
֧˵սʵҲ(ͦ)ǿģʻŵĶbܻףĴ˹ǿĻ׻Ҫ߳١
Ҳսսŵ֧Ԯսֳױ˺һѿԽԽ
Ĵ˹˺սҲͬʱƽˣʵھԵʵǰһжȻ
ۿ˾ڽڰˣսʿȥѣҲں԰ܶ˶ˡ
Ҫ(qng)֯ܶϵˣԷļʻ뵽˱԰ĿУº·
һֻֻĻ׹ǿգĹ(qng)ȫȴûá
Ĺĸ߲ڴʱ˿̶ֻһ뷨ǻ̫ˡ
СҪǸĲлᣬһҪǿػǵļ԰
óϵԼõĶ飬վ()ͷ屧˱
߰ɣ
ı˱ţһСģ
˴ս߳սʻ׳սȥ
ƼҵĻսʿҲӻˮսͻȻ׷׳룬ǡ
ܿ죬ǧսʿɵսǰͣ
սż״һŲѣĶš
ܺͷȴ̲סƣ¶һЦݣǵĵܵܺ͵ˡ
˵ǰ棬սһսߵĶӳ̲סҪʲô
Ѿͷ֮ǰ뻮ˮڿǼѶԷ׻֮ɣ
ܻ()񲻺ǵȻǵ갡
ʲôҪꣿǲǷˣ˶ӽˮˡ
ͨˣԼ()ӰͶӰǿգҲһ
֮ǰǸˣҺͷǴƬͼ߳ȥġ
һս⣬ֵϳˣ
תͷʻѾ˱ȽصĻףɳƵĿڵ˻ȥϢǰɣ
֮ǰ뿪Ǽ߲⣬˸û뵽ͷ֡
ٺĻˣսﲻ֪˭̲סߺһ
ˣڻˣ
ͺãͺã
ٺĻˣоˣսܶսʿ̲סϲ֮ǰкܶķԵܷ˿
֪Ϊʲôͷ壬Ǿ;ÿϣ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1821.1821 ѵǾûУ


1821 ѵǾûУ
εսȫֱʽͷֻ֣սĽʿǻˣҲ̲סϲ
ʧôõķٺڻˣǴ򵽵зڲȥ𣿡
϶ǣзӳ˼ӦþǸŻġ
Ҳ֪ҪôԵУ
ȻϣһĻԷܶ࣬ɷǳĺûס
һߣսǿա
ӳȵһǵŵ˶()ˣ˭û뵽ͷ徹Ȼǵͼˡ
ƼҵıСô£
ֻһսߣսҲͬ(qng)
硢ƾԽѰҲսŷ˳ȥ
쿴սϷĻ棬ҲǴһֲš
ΪƾƷĶŮû롣
֮ǰֻΪҪӣսȻ̵
˭뵽˼ҾģҲһ¾ͶˣѹѰҪһѹһֱƻĲ޼ƻԭء
׵ŭˣԸ˲Ҫֱӽһˡ
Ʒ׻ǱѾʼжˡ
Ĵս߶յ˶
սϣзĶӳĿ()Ŀͷ壬ղŶѾҪЩͽɱ⣡
Цһ˭ͽˣǾʹһ·ĺЩǵʲôʸһ
漴ü˵ƾǣ
ӳһƾǵļսǲ
ҳͷʵǿҲֻ˰ˣսҲͼٻսʿȫǾӢΣѲ߾ȱӢмĵ
ǵļԮѵǾûУ
漴һҳɣ
Ļһ䣬ͻȻӲԶǿշϰս
ƷšƷڴŵսǰ覴ŵڶսǰ½ŵһսǰ
֪쿪ʼ֧ԮҲϵͺѡ
ӳ˵ȷʵʵԷȫǾӢսǰıȽϴ
ϰǱҪӦ׻޷ڳٽԮȣΪ˼Ҳֻ֧Ԯˡ
ͻȻֵսսõһǵȫסˣѾͷʲôʱŪԮһ㶼ûз֡
Ҫǲ֪ţ()ڿͣԮ涴ǰսϰװ˸̽źûö˷֡
˼³ȥˣŻ21~~


1822.1822 


1822 
ܿһսʿսϷ
ϼһ࣬ԭˣȫ˶Է
½ʻһʮĺɫ()ߣˣ
Ѿֱǰȥ֧Ԯ·սˣÿһ·֧Ԯ
Цŵл
覼ʻ֮ǰΪ()ףҲͬ()ԣþò
þòлˣ覱ȭʾл
Ŵ⼸սϷ˻ޡ歡񡢹Ϻļλʦֵˡ
ȻûоӣȴӶһʵǿĹӶսǰ֧Ԯ
߻˾ֲＯĺܶԴüͽæͷＯģǶһ
һ˾Ҳ֧Ԯ˻սʿ⣬дԴ
ʦ޵ˣȲѣ֮ǰֻ½֧Ԯû뵽Ƕˡ
ָжů
Щ˴˼ʻ׷˹Դ⣬ϵִһ߼
ʦʦ֡ո硭һĴк
Ц˵ЩϿˣǺúþ۾ۡ
ԶԣξΪʦģȺҪǵˬʵЦ˵
һôԮȫǺйصģĴͬ˹ĸ߲㶼ˣҲ̫˰ɣ
ÿһս֧ԮһྫӢսʿܵҲˣţ
ΪЩͻ֧Ԯ˶Ŀոƻսתˣֱȫ
䣡
ģ
ľģְԶְ֣
ȫ˶̲סֱǰ˳׽ǴӾԨ˳
սߣ̧еܽԵһǵŵĶӳɣ˽ᣡ
ӳҪѪץĳ嶯Ǿ˵֮ǰôôԭһ֡
ڳսҲֻսˣ
ϣȫնɱӳĻҲһѳ˻ӡ
ŵһǵŵĻսʿȫ˳
ʻȥϣЩȫɱ⣡
⣬еĻսʿȫųȥ˫ǿлսԴըǿնȾɫʰ쵡
ڻó٣עϣȻ˫ָ
ϬһͨսŵľӢŶԷʻ(co)ǿĻ˹ȥ


1823.1823 תս


1823 תս
ŷսӳս룬һܼܵĻҲ֮ǿ·׹䣬ȫǵзǿĻսʿ
һǵߵĶӳ״۵ûţɶľӢ
ôûˣ̫ɶˡ
ʱҲã֮ǰǳĻ裬ȻûвμӣȴƵҲ֪Ѿͷܹƻס
ϣȥˣԼʮӢԸ
ǣ
ʮ˼ʻͻȻսȦƿ
覵˼״Ҫȥ֧Ԯ
ùңһ
ֹסŲ
ȼʮܻٽӻӳ˲ٵķ
ȻڻըȵоĻսʿӦǼʻĻѾʧأ޷ټս׹ǿա
һǵŵĶӳѾͷս
żʮӢ䣬ٴ۵ĲУȴûа취
ֻӰзĻսʿᳯзܼĵطӷը
ţ()ĻʦȻ֪׵ı㣬һһ׼ֻܿһܼܵĻ׹䡣
ʱһĹȥһԺԲƣһǵŵĻȴϵ׹䡣
ֻһСʱʱ䣬һ׾ֻʣǧࡣ
˵ǶӳˣǶͨƵܲˡ
ֻһߵƴ󿪣ȫϮսֵĽ
ߣĶܾҡ
رƾһߣľͷѹҲѹŶԷõоһܼܵĻ׹䡣
ѰҲͷ˾ѹƣߵĻ׼ǿǣҲϬ
ȻûƾѰǿľѹ󣬵ȴŸĿӡ
Ǵνϰֵľģ£Щ޼ˡ
֮ǰȫһս߶ս
һδεĳܿʹ˵зķߡ
Ϊ֧Ԯսȡ˾ԵƣȫѹŵһǵŴ
쿴ƵϵĻ棬̲סһѪ
()ڣ˫ɺ죬ѾͷҾԲŹġ
Ѫսӣڶˡ
ˣȫȳˣԼһڽܣֻʿѾ˹ȵףҲԽԽأò۵ĺͣ
սϵͿסˣԥͷܡ


1824.1824 ôô


1824 ôô
ҪܣôԸ
ǲöз̵Ļᣬսߺԥļɡ
һӴľսϣзĻͣסĻսʿֻȫ()ѪҺҪסˡ
ҲΪ˴Ż״ӳɹ׷ϡ
ͻȻһӴľ£֮ǰǵ֯
һǵŵĻսʿǻָżܣϧȴˡ
Ʒ()Ϊߣ֣ǲЩΥأһ
ƷҲʾռ͵ͷϹˣҲ()ǿʳˡ
׻Ȼ˾ͳɣҲƷȴǿ˳
ܿ죬һĺ췢˺ռҲ˳
Ŀ(r)Ʒ()ϣһû߶Ѫ()ǿᣬʺҪǰѵ
ƷЦһͿûǸ£ҳΪĶˣ
²ԶսƷ˺һռѷ죬
˵˽ȥ׻ͣ£Ÿ߽ȥ
ְִ̬߽ռѷ죬ɵõ
ֲεսҲﲻæ
ΧĵһǵŻսʿǣʱ˾Ǻ
ȻҪǾʹŷһˣʱ׼Աס
ǵȴӳԱʱķսͻȻһͶӰ
ֻһսϣѰֳһܽڶĲϣĮ˵˷ͶǵֻѪˡ
ڵսȡþʱ͵͵ضڵս
ΪǸս˧нսȨޡ
()öû뵽ǹ
ĿݺݵĶѰǱһ⣬ΪʲôҪѣǵһǵŵˣָδ죬ôô
ѰΪʲôң˵˭ģΪʲôҪƻļƻûе()
㶣ɫ任һԭ֪
ϻѰú£ŴĻѡͶǵԱǵ
Ͷˣܱ֤ǻŵ
ԻȴҩЩҲ޷ʻ׵
Ҳ붮Ѱ˼ڵֻҪͶһ
ЩԱףһԻֲС
ԭѾ־Ҫĵһǵ֮ˣǼԼ챻ܣԻһ¾ǱƵ
ܹ˭
󶼲öԸ׷׷Ͷ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1825.1825 


1825 
ЩһͶʹսӣȫѺһսϣǽ˻ģʽ
˿ԻţȻҪûյġ
ȴЩ˵ĽͻȥѺ˳һ֧ܵҩԺͳΪͨˣ
ȥϣ÷ʲôЩȻʰ
֮һͣЩҲֻ빶ȥԲû˭
սߵ(qng)һŵĵһǵŻսʿȫͶˡ
ȫ˼״̲ס
䣡䣡
Ҷ֪ҪûԮⳡսۻֻ֪ء
зͶˣͷ岢ûд˳ƬǿգǶĳԶĿռ俴ȥ
ǿռܣԸоõǱߵĿռкܴĴ򶷲
ԼֵһСʱǴԭѾֺϵĿռ䱻˺һӰһʬ˳
ǵӰʱ̲סϵĿռ˲ƹȥ
ڣδǱϰ֣̲ס(r)ӯֱ˱֣
óְ֣֪ϰˣ
Ʒ̧ŵıû¡
˺ܶ׼˲ٵķ׭Ūܹ˵򣬲ȻҪ׻⹷һֶ̫()ˡ
սɡſϰ˵
Ʒͷã
׼ҵĵ̣ôҲҪȥսϴ·У̫Ǳˡ
Ůս˷ĵ۶
棬ǴԼս
ֵ̲סҲȴӵһ
ŷļοҼǳˣѾһˣ
Ҳ˱壬Ҽڻˣ
Щ(r)ӣǶһֱڵĵܵܵİȫ⣬ܵܣŵĲų׷¡
弤Ŀ磬硢磬ˣ
ǵһôãһ㶼ϵϼˣе˼֮(qng)Ũرˡ
ֵ˷ʱ˴˷(qng)
֮ǰһ()ӵʵ֮ǰӿռѷǸǿߣ𣿡
ԶǱ˵
ղż̫ˣ˵(qng)ˡ
İְ֣δء
ܺͷȶ㶣İְ֣ȥս
ǰս񰡣
սôǿġ


1826.1826 ͦϵ


1826 (ͦ)ϵ
Ҳ֪Ҫô͡
Ǵ˵˵úĹϵ
ȻţֵҲŵġ
ѹǰƵۺ۹̫ôãԭáȸ̾
ҲͷҲ˵ùȥˡ
Σǵĵã˵ġЦ˵
ǼҵϲҲ϶ϱˡ
ԶԣֻҪ϶ˣ
ЦЦĿŷ˵Ǽǻµ𣿡
ͷǰֻˣĸҲˡ
û뵽ҾȻһôˡ
ȺͰִк֪ӴʱͲˡܿǵĸܵ
ǺͷӷϢ˵¡
ӻ֪ôɼȻ˵İˣȻǶԴԮ̬ȡ
ͬʱ֪ͨլȻ׼ңǻլ÷ǺбҪġ
ѵмֽţȻӣǵһμ׼ң˭ǰӲأڶûϱ
սߣƾԽҲ˻˸ԵĹҡ
ƾߺٵ۹µۻ˵һỰ󣬾͵ս뿪ǰͰϡ
ֻǽ򣬾Ȼعˣ׼ȶ֮ȥϡ
սϣͰ˵⻰ѰƵͨ
ȿڵĵ۶ǻϡ
ѰüʱѾûЮֶˣУھ͹ȥ
ôˣʡ
Ѱ̧ڲϱһƣˣ
()ϴ̫ĲȶأԻֱ˷ģһţӻȥ֮˭֪᲻Ūʲô۶
ܹӵƤӵ¶ΧǺܹģƿݣû
ҲͬģЦ㻹(ͦ)ϵģ
ѧİѰЦ
һۣҿɲ
Ͽɣ۶˽˹ݺũׯʱ㳢ڵɫˡܹ֮ô˳ҲѰæڻ
ѰЦð
ǲǻҪͷϲƣ˿ĪȻѹ£Цʡ
ЦָܳԵ
ͷҪĻзҿ϶ҲðһΣȻٻȥһΡ
һдҪӽβľ(qng)ر𿨣21~~


1827.1827 ׼һ


1827 ׼һ
ܿս뵽ǵĴ㣬߽еķˡ
һǶͷΣּķҲסԷս
ս˹̶ĺվ˸ͼĸ߲Ѿ˲Զ
Ӽ()վһʳڵķޣЦ˹
ŮʿλãǷİְַӣЦ֡
һԣֻһװˡ
ƷЦźͷ֡
İְ֡Ʒڷǰ˲ŭƣֻһͨ׼һ
Ц˵裬֮ǰлչˡ
ЦÿһˣӦõģ
׼˹磬ҼүҲ׼˼磬λȲμһأӿóĸĸڸ߼()ݵλԲͣӦ(qng)̫ܲȤ
ȻƷЦ˵ǷҪȼһǣͲμ˰ɡ
ãȥң׼óˡ
ʱƷںƷŰսţҲһս
λҶƷţλƷڡ
λǷĸף
Ʒﻥȥϵ˴˹
ͬʱԷӽܣ壬λҵʦ⼸λҵʦ֣Ƕǻʦ
ҵѡֽ޵ˡ
ǶμӣҪ鷳㰲£
ӷһһкЦ˵ǾȥլһԶٱ㷹ɡ
ƵҲźˣլҲסôˣԷͰľƵ꣬ס
սŵĻսʿǣҲ˱Ƚϸ߼ľƵꡣ
ͷðþûмүүͷ()()Ҳ(ͦ)ǵġ
Ӳ⣬ЦʣҲμӹ𣿡
Ҫ֪ܶˣڶҪһء
ЦҾͲȥˣ嵱ɣȥİ칫ңǺú̸̸
ϲʲô̸ĵطд֧Ԯˡ
ãȴǻطլҺͷܿͻ()ΪԣǶ㲻ġ
ʱҲźսӵĻսʿһ߹
÷Ʒ˻լкŷܺͷȥμӹˡ
νĹ磬ʵҲ칦硣


1828.1828 Ľ


1828 Ľ
Ӵŷ˳ڹϣܿͱĸ߲Χ
ҵ(r)(qng)÷嶼Ҫмܲסˡ
˵ҪдԮһڸ߲ǲɵЩʧ
ǻҪ˳ŴùϵεսǼ֤˿ƼʵҪ()Ҳϣܹ
(qng)һʼһһֲ֪ϵظʣͽ˾ϡ
ĴʱܺԶˣҲ֪үү˼ĸ(qng)ˡ
￴룬֮һʱ͹Ĵˡ
صңͼүӺƷ˵Цš
̫̫µŮ()ȥҲȽĵ
÷Ӻͷ嶼һ
үӼӺӻ̲סվ
忴үүǼǰ˱үүһˣ
ͺãͺãСӡүȦˡ
һڶ۵ľǷ壬֮ǰûϢϾʧӳʲô¡
ڲֻȫˣæ㱻Ե⣬οֽ
̫̫ҲǷ壬һֻģͺá
үӳ쵣⣬Ҳһ(qng)
()()ǰס()()֣Ǽҵů
үЦļ򣬡СӺģûǷҵ
ǷĽ
ɣ
̫̫ŷ£һ˲оԲˡ
ҵ˺(r)(qng)֣жȣ˾ú
ƷҲȽļˣǿóĺϲҪġ
극һᣬԽƷͻؾƵꡣ
Ѱûȥңֱȥ˾Ƶꡣ
ϣھƵʦʦ֡歵ģѯһЩ
ڶ죬һ͵Ƶȥ˷ӵİ칫ҡ
칫ڻмߵĸ߲㡣
Ƕͷɱżߵ(r)(qng)һĿб̫˵ȵȡ
ӿûû˵Ŀ䣬ֽʧЦˣٿСӾҪβˣ
ҴĴ˹л㣬ԼԮվ()һ
ⲻֻ˼Ե˼
ӦģϾҲһӡЦŻص
Ц˵Ҫݷøлǣ㿴Ӵ𣿡
ҪĴ˵ǵͷû⣬鷳㰲Űɡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~


1829.1829 ô򵥵


1829 ô򵥵
Ӵܲµ˼ܿͶ˵ĸ߲㷢ȥϢ
ЩѾ·ϣ֪Ӧȫٸ͵ˡ
߻ңͷ߽ȥǿ⣬ĸ߲档
ߵԱ£磡
ֶк򣡡
ƾ֮ǰ뿪۹ֻ()Ϊǰλʵۣ۹ҲЩ(qng)λΪˣµҲڡ
Ҳͬ(qng)
ƾЦŵʣأֳȥ𣿡
Ͷȥһ㶮ı(qng)ǰ˵һͼȥˡ
һô꣬(qng)ûб䵭ԽԽŨңִ˾ϲȥΣڻһ
ƾʧЦǰɣҪæһ󡣡
ʼ磬ǰȻô
ͷĻ¶𣿡ƾʡ
ЦӯӯĻص̸̸˼æ꣬Ȼ߾һλ񣬵Ȼȥ֮پһΡ
үүҲȽϺá£ҵ˻һȥμǴλ
ƾףǸ
ܿ죬һ()ĸߴ(ͦ)ε췢Ӵż˽Խ()࣬һλǿˡ
Խ˵ͷкƾʱװû
ڣҲûôƾˡ
˵ˣЦſڵѵڴˣǾһ۽Ҫηչɡ
ǿӡ󲻴ܹΣĹͣˬʵЦ֪Сûʲô߼
ĸ߲㶼ûͶҪߴڷ硣
Ҫչ߿Ƽʵô򵥵ġ
˴͸߼׺ͻôҿϣ
ҲʲôҪߴ߼Ҫʵʵģṩ¼֧֮ġ
ȻҲ֪ǷκˣǻԴЩ
ҪռǵսŲǿǵԴ˵Ƭеôġ
ɨɨĸλóǵĿͱǿ˼
ЦվնһͶӰҽҲ͸λ̸Ƭչ(qng)
㲻棬ҶԳ֮ǰеԴ⣬߲ṩ׵ʵ֧֡


1830.1830 һȥ


1830 һȥ
Ҷ¶һʾı(qng)Ƭĸ߲㣬Ƕܴǵġ
Żһתһṩ֧֣ʱҪĿԴ
Ļ졢ҩͲᴿҵʦʦߣǶǻ״ʦһʱ䣬Ϊṩ׷ļ
ҺѣΪṩҩͲᴿļ
ṩ켼
֧Դ͵ҵĹˣ
ɲɴҲͶҪԣö
ԴʦµرҲܺá
ĸ߲⻰ûбԹһüЦġ
û뵽ԮȻиҵרҵԱҪཻ
û⣬ֻǲ֪ҪʲôԴΪأµʡ
ЦŻصҪȽóԴһǿʲôҪģȷΣ
ӵһ֧֣û⣬Ӧõġ
ֲпϵģҲ
΢Цã
ʱ佻˷塣
վ()ͨεսҲӦᵽǺ͸ߵ֮Ĳ˰ɣ
ǣĿƼʵǿĸǿ
ڳĸ߲㶼ЩݣˣҲҪľ롣
֪֮ܲȥߵ򿴿ȥǺڴͺ档
ЦŻصǽҪ˵ġ
׼ٳһͨ߼ȽȶǺ·ƬˣֻҪǰ棬ֻҪܹɴķöȥ
ȸմĴ˹һӢսʿսӣŻظ߼ѵػһͨ·
ĴڸȽϳɫнܳ츳˲ţҪȥ淢չֻҪƷأҲԴߡ
⻰Ĵ˹ĸ߲㶼̲סҪõȻ˲ȥʱٷٽƬķչ
û⣬ս㾡ǿ˵ĴΪǶǿȱ̬
ĸ߲Ҳ׷ױʾӭȥѡӢ˲š
һµķչ
()Ц˵֮ǰڶԵĴ˹˲ٵǾһȥ߰ɡ
2040~~


1831.1831 ôģ


1831 ôģ
ڳĸ߲㶣ȫû뵽һ
ΪĸףվЦ˵ܷߣ
ǿЦսˬ죡
µҲվ()˵ĻǾͲˣ
ȻĻ׵٣Ĵ˹ĻսʿҲǷǳɹ۵ģÿҷֵĶֻװӢսš
ЩӢսл඼ˡ
жԷĻͣ׷ǳ߼ܹߣǻǺܸ˵ġ
һڸ߲ŷսɳ˵۶ǡ
һǣȥͼͣżĸ߶սһ۾⡣
ܿսӵĸӳ˹
ӳߵԱѾȫ꣬սƷҲϡԷ徴
ЦŵͷȽ֮ǰĽʿǴɣһŸԻعǵļҲͲôˣ
ǣӳͨѶ˵һ䡣
żʮսʮĻսʿЩ˶֮ǰһǵŻл׹ˡ
ΪƷľ()˻ˣԼû뵽ġ
˵ˣҽŵ£Ҳָ˺ܶ࣬ٲΣա
ĸ߲ЩԭѾս߳һ̲סɴ۾һš
۹µ̲סʣսôģ
ʱҲ뵽˵һսߣۿЩ˵Ļ׹٣ôûأ
ĸ߲Ҳ׷׿壬Ҳ벻ͨ
ЦŽ󣬡ȫĸףһߣ֮Ȼʵܵ˼ѹƣǺӴġ
ҲװæסĻףǵ˿ս·ǿյȴ͵սϣ׼õҽŶơ
֮ǰѾΪĴ˹ĸ߲ռʮ֮ϻʲôȼ˴Ҷ֪ߵţ()
˵һ񶼴ž̾𾪡
ȻҶЩ֣ĸôɸ߼ˣǶܴûʣ²ϵġ
Ҳǳţˣ֮ǰʧôսʿ߲㻹Ƿǳʹĺϧġ
ڿǼûһ̲ס¶֮ɫ
ˣС̫ллˣ
ǰæʾл
ԭôǿҲСȼ֮
߲̲ס׷׿ĵĿĽ˷ӣһĶΪôһϱ
ͬʱ̲ס²ԼĶӣô۹ûзأ


1832.1832 Ľ


1832 Ľ
յ˸߲ͶĽеЦŨ
۹ãĽġ
ؼҲĸ߲һ֮ǰϵؼҲսżս
ǴʱǺڣǾӦְ֧˼׷ģڲֻʧôһǿƵ׼ң˼ƵôԶ̫Ӧˡ
һﶼүЩҪ۹Ƿү
ôߵ׷ҵĳãүȴǳ֧֣ǲѾԤ˻нĽ֣
ȻǼһһǼҾȱôһϰ
㻹үˣʵǵӣҲôŵԣҲ(ͦ)ϲŻ(ͦ)
Ҫ֪ЩһﷺĻ϶һֲô֪ôǿļ
ôᣬǷҵˣǸֻ߲˼ڴķߡ
Ļսʿǹӣʹһս
սϿŵĴʱȫˣӵһǵǱ߽ɻĻסʡ
սӵĸӳóһ¼ɻԴ䰴սϵĹױ䣬ûɣ
ûС
Ӧõġ
ܹ߾Ͳˣﻹ˵ݹױҲȽϺ
Ǹӳ֮ǰս¼ݱһߣĴ˹ݣ߻иսŵĵսݣ֮Ըλǿٰ䡣
Ĵ˹ֵһԴȻ߷ֵ࣬ȴû˭ϾʱսߣȷʵֿĻǿࡣ
˵ݰǰ˭Ҳûзء
οӻǷӣδأĿǰ뼫á
ӳսŵͳƣԼ¼ӰƵĴ˹ĸ߲㣬ʣô֣Ͳǵˡ
նϴݣĴ˹ĸ߲ٴ̲ס̾Ǵʵ̫ǿˡ
˭뵽ǲܽսʿսĹݺƵܻãƬǾġ
Ҳɵ֮˽ܣĵͼкܶ࣬ɻ˸߼ĸӹԴֿ⣬Ҳ֪˵˵Ĳսƻ̲סҡ
һз
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1833.1833 ȽϺ


1833 ȽϺ
󣬸ĸ߲ŸԵĻսʿǣֵսع
ҪȥͳԴӢսʿ͸߷ĸ߶˲ţһǸϿ컻ȡҲΪ÷ǹڵȥ
뿪ߵĸ߲üЦΧͷ˵˲ٺû
ص۶֮󣬷ӰߵĹֵߣԼûв֡
߷֮󣬺ܿҲʼѡӢսʿ͸ĸ߶˲š
βûֻԹ壬ȫΪй֮ģԲμӱר֯Ļˡ
˹صģͳһ͵ѡ
ٷȫٸ־Ӣ˲ţóһģֻҪΪжԱμɸѡò˶ˡ
ⲻֻһѸɹ;лȥߵܶ˶ڴ֡
һʱٷıվͲ㱻ڽ
޷ҲԽԽࡣ
˲ֻǴսҺͱܸĻᣬҲҲҲˡ
Ĺͬ˸̸߲֮󣬻ص۶ȥ˷ӵİ칫ңһЩ齨ƻ
ڶ죬ʱȥ̽()()
뿪֮Ҿͼ½ҡ
֮ǰջͺ()()ͨ绰½ҵš
½Һܵ˱Ƚ(r)(qng)д½ҵ˶ʶȤʹܿͽռóǡ
ҿȦ˺죬֣㰲ȫͺã
ºǵЦ˵()()ˣ
磬ůĳҲ϶ˡ
Ц˵ĶͷһƬ˻()
(qng)Ҳź˵
λ׼೤ʱ䣿֪ŮбµˣߵĹޡ
ЦŻص°ɡ
()()Ҫһ𣿡׼߶ԷԼ()(qng)ȽΡ
սΨһѪԻǸ()()ȽϺá
ڳ˷ҵ⣬˶ϰȥ˸߼֮ϵĸףҲãȻѽ
ЦҡҡͷҾͲȥˣȽܹ֮һͨȥ㡣
͵ӣϵĵط˵ҲŮ׸
ʱҲʱңһ䡣


1834.1834 ĵ


1834 ĵ
()()ģҲǿ
ðһᾭģԺ֮ͨҲԺ½үүȥң˳úһ档
ҵͷû⣡
½ù뿪½ҡ
½ƿҩ˾֮ǰ½ҺǵƷεģ()()ĹϵԴӦȸ½һЩߵҩ䷽
½ҵȻǺܸ˺ͼģҲ֪ҷֲϵҵԼľ
ȥȥ˼ǰѡ
춼ںѾۻᣬæѰҲš
ºֱ׳˵㲻Ҫȥʲôũʳ𣿡
ûĵһۣҲ̫û˰ɡ
ҶȺüˣ㽫ߵĻ׹˾ҩ˾Լȴܳ棬ܵҰɣѰҲû˵
Ů˽ЩĹ˾ǼʣԼͲˣֱܺúõļȥ
ôһ˵Щεĵ(qng)Ҳ(ͦ)İ
Ϣˣʱ½һȥũҵ˽˹ݰɡ
Ҳ׼ߵѺѻʶ£ػͨҲЩչˡ
Ѱĵͷ⻹࣡
ڶҲʱŴһȥũȲιһ
Ȼҿʲô͵㣬ȥ˽˹ҳԡ
ܹµѣƢ()ȻԲͬȴ쳣ĺг
֮ѻʱ½ڵ۶棬ϵ׽˲١
Լң׼һ嵥͹
źѰԸ߼ѺȲ衣
彫嵥ңǿûʲôȤҪġ
ܶԴеģ˲ǺܸȤֻǿֲͬʱ뷨
ûʲôˣҾÿԣ歿üܹᴿĲϣ(ͦ)ġ
Ѱ˺öô⣬аɡ
ļλʦֿлײϣҲ(ͦ)Ȥģ֮ǰһ׹˾Ѱҹ˵רײϵء
ϻڻ׹˾ָ̫ϰ߲μ˵ľۻᣬԾƴû
ǾУʱǿʲôʲôЦ˵
ͷЦãĵ
˵깫º󣬽óһµЦÿ˷һţҺ¸½飬Ҫ鷳Ƕһʱ뿪ˡ
2030~~


1835 Ժ


ڷó˶ûжپȡ
֮ǰ˵֮ԻҪҪһļ̸µ(qng)
½˿Цףϲϲ
Щζ̧ͷͷǣ˫ʮָཻҲȻˡ
ϲҷһźϲƵģǵ˼̹()Ц
Ѱ΢΢˽Ц˵ǻܺϲء
ԶԣǻصǻҪһΣܺϲء½Ҳ塣
ͷһۣЦŴңллǱġ
ͷּڵͼǣɷһͨջһѵף
ϣ忪ɳũʼסǸ
ʼദͶ(qng)ĵطڷ˵Ҫͻ
ֽ˵ָԭڵĿ
ͼϰյģͬƣϷһ⣬ΪԭĿ(i)ż
彫ǣ߹ȥȻǰӿڴͳһµСӣһԽָ
޸Ұɣԭˣȥ׼(r)졣
û뵽ϸЦǻ񶼶ˣôأ
Ϊ(i)㰡һ(i)ĿףǱģֻ(r)
̧һֻ֣Ůһ(yn)ΪҴϽָ
ס֣ٵĽеŮϣҵʵˣ
ЩּӣЦŽöн(to)ϣԺգ
̫̫Ժգʮָۣŵɳ̲סȥ
Ƭ̺˲źҵķֿ
һȻҪ
ŷ弫͵ӣеЦݸָָϵĵ⣬Լĵ⣿
һǹĻ˻ȥܿܳԽˣһ¡
ǣվǰѧġ
ûɣһ(i)ˣָָϵЦ
һѣʧЦٿҺÿǿԼĺأ
()ǳ죬ԥĻصȻÿˣ
⻹ָָ࣡ŵƣҲģ
ǰǰ˵Ưͷ

1836 


ô˵һǿŵʱͼƬ˵(ͦ)Ư
ֻû뵽ôϣš
ѹһ춼ģԭ׼
չȥƯϲ
ϲͺã§Ũ(qng)⡣
0㵽ʱԸһŵп⡣
˳Цζ
ǣôãȻУŪЩС⻹ǿԵġչȥǣģ׷㡣
һۣġ
ܹζһ˽¿϶ϰ˲ʱ䡣
ֻҪΪ㣬Ҷĸ(qng)Ը(qng)˳ھ
ůģллˣ
̫̫Ӻ汧סǻĶϡ
ͷҧҧ°ͣһ²Ƿ̫̫ء
ǰϰź¡ƤҲһĺ
˶ӵоЦ⣬һ
Ȼֻһµʱ䣬ĺţҪ׼Ȼü
̫̫ŶϱæҵҲʱŰæ
ƷһȦҲ˻ŮĽǴ¡
Ҳæȴæʣڸ߼ѧļ̳ȥ
̫߼Ĳûн̣ʵʵﲻǸΣҲûãҪ˲ȥ
ܿ죬ҲʼǷټĸ߲֪󣬻ѯʣҪǰȥμӡ
Ժ͸߲ҲƵ绰ϲʾҪǰףء
ҲûоܾڷĻǻ(r)(r)ֵġ
ܿҪϢҲ(r)ѣͷķ˿Ƕˣȫˢϲףغ͸
ͷķ˿ˣҲΪǽƬľٶ׷ˢף
ɴߣԭԤȴ׼ԶΪŮŮʽʽһ(to)ǵȻܾ⡣
ƷҲսŵϰõӣ˽죬Щսӽȫ׵ˡ
ֱӽĵ۶㳡ͶƵĳء
׼ĶҲȫµģҵʮֵôܵҲǱʾϱӡ
ƷԷҵ׼ǱȽģŵȵǣƼҲҪ(r)(r)ֵĴ죬˶֪ұŮˡ
⻰
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~

1837 


һµʱһζǰһ죬ѾͰ˻սϡ
ڶһ磬սӺڵͼİǣսȥӭס
ߵİҲߵѣȻ֮½İš
Ϊһ٣ųɹӵĨ()ɫɴ
һһֱս۶ǡ
Ʒˣżҵսһ۶ǡ
սһŴսװĽʿ£ƷڴǴ
վǱ߸һֺǿƸУϿֱһ޲ѡ
˶ô磬
ţ()̫ˣ
̫ˡ
žǷһȺ˵ĽԼף
һǰҪл(r)ѣǿҪ쿪ֱ
ѯ˼ҲͬǵҪ
彫ϻ鳵žƵȥ
˾Ƶ󣬵ѵ棬˱˴ģ˽ָ
εĽָ׼ģöָȻ˻ὫָҲϡ
ָһ(qng)Ŀ̫̫ӽԺչˣ
ҲĿ(qng)Ŀˣ
ѵļ֤ǡ
˻ʽƣͼ˺ܴ䡣
ڳˣϿֱˣһ̲ס˵ֺÿ
ƺ󣬷ǣŽָֽȻһգǲ
壺ڽȢؼˣ̫̫@
ǴŽָ˫ֽƬ
ҲƬǲһ֡
ܼ޸@
˷ǲϣǱˣ׷׷ף
ˣ𰡣
̫ˣͷôô𡣡
⹷ҳԵĺÿģףͷͷϣ
ӡ
ͷķ˿Ƕ𵽣Ĵҷ񻨣ȫÿը
̻ըǿϾͻֿͨ洩ŻɴĶ̬ͷ塣
߳Ƶ̧꣬ͷܿ۶ǲը̻Լ˵Ŀͨ
Цķ˿(ͦ)вŵġ
ǰЩ˿С(i)ȥԼķ˿ȴǡ
ȥֱꡣǣ˵
ôоĵһ졣
ݵ㿪ľͺá

1838 Сǹ˴ǹ


ûлطңǻũı
ϴʱ򣬹Ȼ˸ֱ䣬ͣ꣬÷˿Ƕˡ
ҷ׷ҪһЦֻҵģϽϴϴ˯ɡ
˵֮ٴһ󲨺͹ֱ
ʱҲϴֻһᱡ˿()˯ȹ
忴ʿˮ߹ȥס
ϴȥ
ȥϴ裬û˯£ԡס°()
˯һỹҪѣ鷳
صҾͼ()ϣŰĴˢնˡ
һѹ֣彫ԡȥ
û뵽һô(r)(qng)һҲ(ͦ)ˡ
ҵСǹѾ˴ǹ׵Ŀˡ
(r)(qng)ĻӦҵĵȿҪųϨ
ڶ̫۾
ţˡˣȴһֱֶĿ˯
ڿԺƺˡ
ӣ˹Ĳӣ˿Ϲ磡
ôһһų˲õЦ⣬ššš
ɵñЦת()Ҫ()̫ˡ
Ӻ§סţʱ仹磬(qng)𡣡
ı(r)(qng)Ҳȼˡ
ٴѾϡ
η岢ûң()ˬˬģȻĳѾϴˡ
(to)ĳ˹Աߵ(qng)˯£߳Ҿŵһɲζ
¥ӳ˲˳ţ˰ɡ
ôһ˵ǶˣϾһһ춼ǱȽϷġ
ʲôˣߵԣڷĲһģġ
£εûгûռˣļҳˡ
ȥũժģҲԼ׵ġһ鿧଼ŵһģ
ü׷һڣζȻûԼĺóԣҲ
չȥ׷ֲԺŬ
ϵЦݸû⣬Ժ̫̫͡
Ҳ԰ɡҲһ鼦()ŵ
Цеĳ˼ʲôζ
ĺóԣżеġ
극˻·ǣֳȥɢʳѾ㣬Ҳûٻطҡ
Ҳ֪»Ծûȥš

1839 һ


ڶ˻һլ˳ѡ
˼ũס죬ȥɢ⣬ûš
ʱ˶һطȹɵø̾ҴǹǺá
ķ棬ġ
˳Թ緹ʰһͻ˷լ
˷ҵ⣬ƼҵҲ뵽լһò͡
ǣֽȥƷգգһϷʵЦûˡ
ܴ󷽵ĿЦ˵壬صǣǲӦøҸˣ
ƷڨڨЦЦȿȣԺ˵
û湻أʲô
չȥõЦʣ壬㲻洫ɣ
ƷĪʣ
洫Ŀɶˡ
強ۣ˵зǸϢ㲻ΪŲİɣ
ƷڰһۣʲôأҿǱֱģЩžҴġ
ŮѶʮˣҲ֪Щֻ۾ϲˡ
ЦŵҶҲܳѣҰǻúý£
˵ںܶ෽棬()ӻеô
Ʒļ磬СӣҺ綼ȥʮˣҪܣ
ò˵ۣƷںͷȲʶͿˣȻʱһȥ档
ۣҪǶԷ()Լ()Ƶĸо׵ܳΪ֡
(qng)һˡ
˳극Ʒ￴ŷЦʣ׼ôˣ
Ѿˣ֮ʱܳӻص
ְȻһ͵ģȴҲĵ
ƷףǾϣһɡ
ã߻ᰲŵġҪ뿪кܶ(qng)Ҫǰźá
忪˵ѡϵˣһȥɡ
ʣ÷սžӢѡ򣬸˲Ҳǧࡣ
ã˶ѣɰšŻеġ
սžӢսӣ׳սźˡ
˲ţڵҲǺ͸Ĵ˾о
˶˵͵ǵһɣ֮ǰɸѡֻʼģÿһˣĴ˹רŸѡ˰ɡ
Ӽɫɣ׼Ҳ⣬˵ڰЩȷʵѣͷˡ

1840 ϲ԰


βֻӻȥȥүӵСȥμĻš
֧Ҳͣѯʣܲͨڸȥ濴
ӽ˵ѡЩ⣬Ĵ˹ĸ߲ȥ濴ǿ𣿡
ƷڷһڣûʲôģҲˣȥսŲء
ǾÿŵˣҪȥĶԴϣԺˣսͻ
Է׼ңǱȽģС(qng)Ҳæ
ƼҵȨƣЩȥˣǱߵ˽ӴѺýʽչ
һĸлǾ鷳ˡ
óƷû˿ǿͶలŵ˰ɣȻ̫࣬׼ߡ
һˣÿƷЦŰڰ֡
ȻԷܵ˵ǵȥҲԴϣ˶(r)֡
õģлл塣ܼ˵ͷ
Ѽÿ춼ѯʣܸܲ㵽һǰλãȥʶʶҲôӦϾ˶˸ü鷳
û뵽õİְֻ̫ˡ
ڸ߼򣬾󲿷˶Ǳźġ
ϣõܵ˵ȷд𸴺󣬻˶̲סˡ
ĺܶ˵ĽʺޣֻϧǺͷҵļλӹϵһ㣬ҲҪһλá
ʵ˵ǣǸĸ߲㣬ҲΪȥ߼λæ
ǵӶһ˵ˡ
һߣͷҲʹϵĵѺ£Ըȥǵȫߡ
û˾ܾЩһĽʺޡ
ôͺ岻ôأսУʲôģӦö˽ӴںҲˡ
ӵڶսϳǰ߼Ĵ˹ĸ߲͸ҡ塢šǶԾ׷ҹϵܲϡ
ҵżǿҪ̤ˡ
үÿ춼ҪӴǣЩҪҪ߹ϵүӰæŮһλõģҪǵҪͷҽõġ
үʵҲ(ͦ)ӦģȴҪҫԼұӺϱԾ()ӵĽӴݷõˡ
Է͵ĿԼӺϱүӾ;̹رǿǰôԸϼһǣͶĽʵĿ⣬ˬ
ڷүϱΪʵϰˣϾ˻ûȥǰͿʼϲ԰ˡ
ͷ֪ҲүӣֻҪ˾ͺá
⻰
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~

1841 Ӧ߳


󣬵ͼѾ׼һнһŻ档
ԭߵõսҲһ𣬷Ųôˡ
Ĵ˹ĸ߲Ȼᷴԣ֮Żˡ
ͷڵսϣʱźǵ졣
˽飬()()⣬СáСҲˣҲǸ˹
ǰ߼()()ûиȥСúСȴԸһǰ
һһһҵģһ(i)棬Ƚ߼
ǰҲ(ͦ)׽ġ
һսзҵˣԼѡ
Ƽҷ򸾴Ʒڵһսϡ
涴Ծܿʻ˸ߵڵ
Ѱһ()սװߵ˶ɳ¡
̧ͷʣҪȥǣȻزҹǣ
ѰصҸղյԲҹǵĴѶȴսŻȥһˡ
ζȫʦ׻Ҳˣý𣿡Ѱѣȥ֮İΣǵĵġ
Ѱģ(qng)˼ֻ֣ҪͷţҾͲҪκ˽
һҲԣҪԶ֣Ĭϵġ
óѰ(i)ˣܷα۸
λȥ֮ʲôûʲôҪæĵط𣿡ʡ
ѰЦЦ˲٣Ҳ׼˲ҹǣȴתϴףҪȥȨȻõһǵŽɢɡ
ͷ飬˺һܰҲĪ̲סͷԼĺ
ʱ룬ڣҪͷ֣Ҳ²ȥġ
Ҳ޷ԭ¶ԷǾͲͷĲҹǣ¸ͷɡ
ͷͬ𣿡ȥ˲ҹǷԵһǵŵƿطǳҪǲͬĻѰš
Ѱ¶һȻЦݣ׼ϲĺ̸һ̸ͬˣҾͳ׵ĸһǵš
漴ͷޱߵǿգͬĻҾ뿪ҹǣҲȥˡ
ǰҪϧһд۽һǵŻˣ̫µˡ
ԴӺһʶ˲ٵˣ˲ٵ(qng)Ӵ˸ĶͻȻòƻҲвٿԹۿķ羰ûҪִ
Ӧ߳
̸ɣҲӦúú̸̸֧㡣ѰĻ(qng)仯ܲ³ʱ뷨
һֱѰܴӵĳ߳á

1842 Ҫȥ


Ѱ֪ⶮԼ
ЦЦĿ˵Ȼ֧ң̸ʧҪ뿪ҹǣǿɵҡ
ЦûⰡ⻶ӭǣ׹˾ߵһҩ˾ﶼɡ
ҲЦ˵սӡ缯Żӭ㡣
Ѱܶ෽涼˲ţȻǻӭġ
һʼǱ˴˿Է˳ۣӴʱ䳤ˣرȥʻ״֮Īĳѡ
ѰɫԶЦЦ⻰͹ˡ
սʻ߼ķΧѰս뿪
Ҳû֣ŲٴüȡԴһѷ
վڷشǰѰսʧ
Ӻ滷סӦûɹġ
ѰǸ()ᶨˣҪ(qng)ӦûŬȥɡ
ͷҲܳɹġ
ֻҪ(i)ӣ֮ͨҲͬġ
һǵűһ֮ΪҩоĻ𣬻оĴʦʵ
ôȫ˻һ顣
ļսţԵһǵŶһĴˣǲҹǺпܽڡ
ȻһʧҲ϶ء
(qng)ǴӳԶ濼ǣֻҪǵģӦþͻ֪ôѡ
սһ·ǵķУ·ȽϴʱҲͣ첹Ϣ
˳õͼˣ̵˽档
ͣͣºִǡ
Ʒ޶ȥͼϢʲôܣǵҶ֪
ֻǸ̾Ʒ˭뵽ôڲҹ˼ͨܺһȥͼ
Ҳһֱ£ǲ֪ٴˡ
Ҳ˶Ƕţһĺң߲㶼ԼҵСǿ˼飬ҪҪԶŵ㡣
˭Ҫǲȥ鷳Բܡ
Ƕ˭Ѿͷ˭ҾҪù
˵ǻˣܶ˶棬Ǵʲôˣɳ̽Ӵ
ξģԲ(yn)˻֮ս롣
˴սȫͣ˷սפصǡ
ϣƼҴǺ˾ķɴѾȺ
һָɴǡ
Ӵʷ()һķɴϣˣһδεıĿƼȻûκοɱ()

1843 к̨Ǻ


Ʒͺߵս߲ϵá
ɴִǺսרˣӴĴ˹Ժ͸߲㡣
ɹļ˶ͷȫǿƷϡ
ͼԻ߸߲ߵսڰӵ״̬
ԷҪͺô()ӭϣǲŻһ
Ҳѹִӹһ仰˺ð£ҲبŲġ
ɹӴˣȻǶ(r)(qng)ȴҲû˿ĵĴ˹ĸ߲Ҳ֪ǿְֵӡ
֮ÿ˶µնˣԶԺܶ(qng)˽⣬Ҳ֪ĵ͵кܶ
ţ()ŵģȴûС
к̨ǺãȽϸлƷЩǶǡ
ЩУǲǴӰˡ
Ĵ˹Ժ͸߲˷⣬˶סӴľƵꡣ
ӵȷҵˣ򱻷⹺ĴլԺ
լԺһƬкüͻ԰ɣȫҵ˾ס
ͷĺѡǣ򱻰һԢ
ƷڲֻֽĴУ˾Ҳ漰ܶҵоͰز
ʮϲ֮ǰ˸ˢ⣬һһĵĹԢ
Ԣķʮûг۸ˣȫװ޺õĿշ
Ʒ͸ǲסģ棬˳۶ԡ
ھˡ
ҵϴһϾͱƼɳȥլò͡
үӺͷүһʣλүӶǱȽϻϲҫ()ӣһ˵Ļ
̫̫ͷ̫̫ҲȽ̸СദҲձȽϺг
ȥƼլٴΣ壬үӺ̫̫ȽϲԼҲû
ߵĻ£˰֮
ʱ֮ôΪ˻Ƽ׼룬ʱͷŵø
ΪѾһλķŵ壬Ұš
βֻ飬Ҳһ𲹰Խǳ¡ء
Ĵ˹ҲŻȥͰź˴ԶȰ꣬μȥˡ
ͷͽ˰ŽսŻ߸˾Ҳæµ
һһµʱȥˣҲٴνӵѰƵ绰

1844 ʲôҵ


֮ǰϵѰȴʧˡ
úڿͼ鿴ѰΪûΣգҲʱûв֡
ڿһɵģ֣Цʣ̸ɹˣ
ѰЦЦһЩ̸ۣˡ
̸׾ͺãҪҹˣ˵ҹ춯
ѰͷҪˣͷæ
߽·սӣæӳ˺ͼܺڰĵط
ЦߵĻҪȥæʱһܻо꣬ҹǻὨһµоҲһ
ˣͷӦҲ̸̸뵽ͷ̬Ҳ˲ٵִ
ôڵĺڰ𣬲ҹҲµ()졣
Цŵû⣬׼¾
˻͹Ҷˡ
ͷϵϣ˼׼Ҫǰҹǡ
֮ǰƷȥ鷿
̸ˣ˵ѰִҪƲҹǵ״ЩڱȽϺڰĶˣҲͬˡ
һǵŽɢߣҹǽΪһ򡣡
Ǻͼĸ߲ͬ⣬ҪƴһʧҲܴ󡣡
Ц˵ǹȥֿԺһ㣬һЩֱ
ͷ嶼Щȣû뵽ȻҪһ
תһҲͷĴ֮ˣֻҹǲʱʱٱΣܺͨҲһݱϡ
˭һΪ()Ķӣļҵ׼ȫѰء
ͬʱͷã
ˣǵִﲻҹǺһὫ׻ϢųȥҲԳûҹǵоˡ
ƷﹴҪôҲ÷ŵѪС
Էſ֣ʲôҵšְİ塣
ݵĿϰЦְ䣬һ(qng)
ÿһڵһǵµ˾򣬻кܶ޹ȥūģܽγаҲΪ¡
һǵŶɢˣСǵʰ׶ˣƬҲܰͺܶࡣ
ΪȷΣ()ûдˣֻ˴ѯûȤ
һǵŵħоҲȽǶôȥԱ
ƾҲû£Ǻһǰҹǡ
⻰
ϵͳֳ˵⣬ڲŵ½ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~

1845.1845 ôˣ


1845 ôˣ
ɴִ벻ҹԾ㣬ս뿪
ƾֱӽԾ㣬ͨ֤ϵͳ⵽֮󣬽ɴС
ͻȻһǵķɴҹߵĻȻҪǰ̽һ
ӷɴƽڳĻӳԱͷˡ
λµôֻˣ
ӳֻӲͷƤǰƤЦ()Ц˵С㣬ôҹˣ
ôҲ𣿡Цŷʡ
ӳһҭʵ˵⵹ǣ˽Ҫ룬ҲҷС
ҪλŽȥʱֳʲô(qng)ɵǸΡ
Ļ䣬һ𣬡ġ
ӳ̧ͷȥ٣ΣԭС㡣
֪ͺá
Ѱſƾ߰ɡ
ã
뿪󣬶ӳֻ˵Ϣ˳ȥ
ҹǵĸ߲½ӵϢһͷۣôˣ
ȫ𣬻дٶϣ˶оһɽ()Ϣ
Ҳ˿ʼ׼߷ԸСҪȥʵƻ̫ˣǾеܲס
֪ˣѼҵ⼸ֵܲû˭ǰգܵԶԶģմͻᵹùһ
Ѱ˴סĵطǱ֪˸ӦʧЦſߵﶼڱ˱֮Ĵڡ
ЦЦ(ͦ)õģʡ²١
ҾͰоѰ˵˲衣
ͷУоϴγܻ׵ݡ
ֱȥħо𣿡ѰȥһˣƾϤ
ƾЦĻͰȥɡ
Բҹߵħ켼(ͦ)Ȥġ
û⣬ѾкˡѰ
ϣһȫϢϯ
ҹʦ߶׻ˣƷ½ġ
һʼҶţֱƷǲϷ׻ʬƬ˵׻Ҫ͵Ϯȴɱˡ
ǣλεıʾҪоߵģϵ
ϢĲ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˡ
Ҷ֪Ʒǿȴû뵽һﾹѾǿնɱߵĵزˣĻԺ˭
β̫21~~~


1846.1846 ȫ


1846 ȫ
Ϣ˵ǺϢϾĿǵһǵŵʵ
ɶڲҹ˵һجġ
Ҫˣǰս˻ооƷֽоĴʦˡ
ҹʲôôôһԻǸŮ
ԭصҹǲ׼ֽŵˣϢȫסˡ
׻ǳѾãȫ()ݶʵҲǺǿģɶƷˣǻǲҪΪá
ƷôĿҲҪ֮ΪŮ
ȻΪ£ڶѰƾŽоħоЩ˾뷴Ҳ˵
֮ǰڻо֮ദĻԣһ˼о䳬ܻ
ҲûԿõĻ״ʦʩ
ƾ߸ս뵽ħо츳ʵֶסˡ
оħԺֻʮߣħƵˮ׼Ͼƾʮֶ
û죬Ҳ˲ҹǣѰŽ˶о
ʦҪԣһԺˣʲôֻš
ģҲеĴˡ
µʱƾѰϣƿ˴ħо
һ죬һȫϢ˳
һǵŵĴʼ˴ѰȻǵȼϣҹ򣬴ӽԺǵٵ(qng)Ҳٷ
ƷһǺͼĸ߲֪⣬˶ȫš
ţ()ĵһǵžȻҪˣ
˵򣬾ǲҹ߶ַˡ
ȻǴ죬ԵһǵŵƿҲͻȻҪϴ״ܶ˶ǲġ
չٵÿˬ
ɲôԣ춼Ϊȫ֧Ѱĸ
ѼҵļֵȻ⣬ĲԸĸĸ߲ҪȨ
Ѱ׼ѹȥʽѰΪļ̳ˣӽԺӹܲҹǡ
ѹµ˲ʹͷѳ˲ҹǡ
ɲųԾͱķ壬սӸˡ
ȻҲѰߵսӸһæ˵ĲŻȽϿ졣
Щ֮˸ƵǣѰȫжǵ֧Ԯ
оѳ֣ǻ֧֣ҩоδؽǻôǱ
ѪǣоҲѳסˣħƻоƾƿأ֧ͬ֡
Ǵ㿴Ǿһ롣


1847.1847 ͷ۵Ѱ


1847 ͷ۵Ѱ
һǵſʼڲ˸ĸºŽҹǵľ泹׿ȶס
ѰҲǶΪ˲ҹµĴ죬ȫȨȥ
ȫŵһǵѰʤ󣬶ò̾Ȼȥĵط²С
˭֪ѰϵܺãһǵŸĸ£Ҫûֱʣǰͷš
һǵһֱ򣬿Ǻͼĸ߲ڶʮֵĸ˺ͼ
ͷķ˿׵˼һǵż
ԭѰȥڷǽǣǿ˶Ӷ˼
ѰԼĽ͵ߣԾܾ顣
ǵ()пܻᶯ˼ɼȻ˼(i)ˣѾˣŲȥûƷǿȡ(qng)
˵(i)(qng)ⶫϲˣ˾ͻϲġ
ǶģҲߵİ·һֱѺõѹϵ(ͦ)á
ڤ粻黹ôֻҲҪȥףɶܾˡ
ȻҪӣɿŶǿӲ̬ȣҲֻܱЭ
һòϣϲرŮˣȥŮˣҲûûζˡ
ûеõĶˣǻ˾
Ϊÿ춼ᵱƵ绰ŴһΣѰڹٴΡ
ֹһܣҪ뿪ҹǻȥ׼
ѰֱӸǰȻҪһȥμǵĻ
ɴϣطϢѰƾɳ졣
ζлæˣѰƱ˾
ڴٲҹǵĹУƾæͷ١
ǣλһɱߡ
ȻûнԷɱˣȴѹԷܣȫ̫ǿˡ
Ҳŷ֣ǸĸǸ㣬һǼ򵥵ġ
ƾЦЦҲɹõҪĶÿ
˻һЦ֮󻹻вĿ
һᣬѰͻȻЩĿƾʣ磬ᱻ߻𣿡
һ뿪ǰǧǿʵŮӾʹȥֻǸƽҲԽܡ
ŵǣȻ˵ҪʵڲϲŮҲ£ܹҸŪŮʲôĳҲܸˡ
ѰȫＫˣͷԴӷȨ󣬾ͽ˽ӵĹһ
ƾͲСˣҲƷĶӣеԷͷ۵(qng)ô졣
һţ10~


1848.1848 


1848 
ƾû뵽Ѱ⡣
¶˿Ц⣬廹ڵأԼ˲ôҡ
үү()()ʹҪҸʲôӣҪҪԣˡ
ȻƼҶµһμ̳ˣȴҪȹ̡
үү()()ȻϿȢޣȴҲûôߣżһᡣ
ȽϿˡ
ѰʧЦҲԡ
ҲͻȻһ(r)ôʵģȻƾƷĶӣȴҲָûúҲкӣƾõı߻ӡ
ƾЦſ㱻ˣ
ѰӦе˼ֻصıȽϺãװ֪ˡ
Ѱε˵ҼͷҪ뱧Ůˡ
Ҫһƾѵ
ѰһҪһϲûоŮ˹һӾҡͷˡ
ҪʵڲȢ޵ĻȥҽԺ˹һʵҲƾûжĸŮ˶ģʱ룬Ҫһ̳ߺӣĻȥ˹һ
ڵĿƼܷ˹ӣֻṩӾУҽԺӿԶƥʺӻ˹̥ȻרŵĴлΪ()Ůһ̥ʮ£Ȼ
ѰűӵɣҲʧΪһð취
ҪͷߣȥӣͷԸɡ
һӣܶϲϵڶŮˡ
ţ˽
Цʣʲôأôӣ
ƾ˹(qng)˵һ顣
磬治Ҹɩӣ(i)öо󷨡ħʲôȥˣָûɩӡ
ƾЦЦԵɣ
һѰƵݸͷ壬ҴͷƽŪģ
˽ӹһڡ
Ц˵ûҼҷ̫̫ĺúȣڳ۵Щȷʵ㲻
Ѱһﻹʱ̶Ҫ(i)
һڣ΢΢üֺһڡ
ͻȻöģ̲סվ()첽ȥ
ŵ˶ˣȥ
һΪűֵˮڡ
ţôˣҰĲѵʡ
ѰҲĵʣǾɣ
˲죬ת()ҡͷû⣬ҵ⡣
ͻȻòԼһʱûǸˣķӦԼǻˡ
Żȥ£óһ̨ҽڶϲԡ
ţôˣӵġ
ʾĻ̌ͷ壬Ѿһˣ
Ҳû뵽ԼȻˣһʼҲеɣɽžһ˵ϲڴ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1849.1849 ⻹


1849 ⻹
Ļڳλʿˡ
رǷ壬һĵģŴ㶣˫¶˿ϲ
һס֣Щŵʣţ˵бˣ
ֽŵɵЦԼ֣ǣбˡ
Ҫְˡü۴Цǿ
Ҫӵ뻳У׼ˣСı˱ллţ
һֱҪһԼһĿ(i)ŮҪʵ
ƾӦȾһŨŨЦ⣬ϲã÷򡣡
ǸϢֿҪֶŮֶˡ
ѰϵЦݽ˽ܿ
ĪЩǵĸоִһֶĪڴ
ϲϲڵ
̧ͷЦлл硢ѡ
ѰΪѺʱѰ̫ˣԾͻẰѡ
ȻѰ˺üΣֻ֣νܡ
ʱ䣬ȫ˴ޣߵ͸ʲôΪ
ŰԼ࣬ݹˮķ壬εЦ𣿡
Ц˵ڣΪŷˡ
ģͻȻũĳһүƭƭȵʱ
ǰ˵ĸءƳһۡ
()ǿҵǰӲӵסĸҲϲƯĸ
Լôô()أ
ֺ̧ݺݵšš᲻˵أ
ЦŴյ˵ʵСŮСŮ
źߺһ⻹ࡣ
巢ֻеűƽź򣬲ź
֪кƾѾ÷ϢҲ߷Ϣ
Ҳ˷ɴһأ˴ȥʱ̫̫ͷ̫̫͵Χסһһǣ꺮ů
ر˵̫̫ǽ˴ޣĵ
ִ(i)СӣĺӣȻǸġ
رһֵܣû˭˺ӣһ̥Ҳ˷ҵĴĵһӡ
Ʒ¿λ̫̫ӵŶΣҲȥúÿŮء
ȻصƼլүӷԸļͥҽѾˡ
үҲϲ֮ɫҪˣӵĺӡ


1850.1850 ˫̥


1850 ˫̥
ź󣬺үү˴кͱɳϡ
ͥҽߴһƵרҺһ̨רмȥ˷䣬ŮҽΪ顣
ҽоõǽģϸһҲ
ŮҽЦŵĴʦϲˣ㻳˫̥
㶣Ȼ⡣
ԼкҲΪԼ˰Ϊ·ǳûаѳ˫̥
֮ǰרŵмҲֻܼ⻳ˡ
ллϵЦݸ̲סӣһƬᡣ
ص˵˫̥ʮֵĸˣúõ
诶Ȼȥñʼ»Ҫע⡣
ǰ»ҪУȻˣͷȥˣ()ҲȽϽԻվɡ
зѾͷջصʱҲȥ˻ǼǣǺϷޣδС
º
ͷ壬诺ĻھС
ƼǵĶţ˱()ҲˣԾٰĻʢ
ƼҸǽǳĵоƵȫ£յ˵ٰμ⣬ҪմϲҲԵľƵò͡
ϢųϰټҾƵ궩λòȫ¡
Ǻܶ԰ʳͷķ˿ӸǸʵ̫ˡ
Ƽ֪ľƵ꣬ǵľƵ󶼱ˣŸĲμӻˡ
˵ĻҲڵͼһõֱʽ
η塢ͷҵȥƼլףŶĺѣǳѲ
ߺüɲ㱻ˣ˳ӵ
Ҷ֪ѾˣԺû
说Ļɴ;ƷһģʮֵľƯ
˵꣬½˽ָ
Ƶʱ诵ľѾˮȴҹһͨУҲûͬԴҲû
ԭͬĽȻҪͬġ
ըǷһ׼ģرƯ財
ֱʢۿһ̲ס̾ôʢĿ
21~~


1851.1851 


1851 
μӻ˲ͷи߲㣬ĸ߲Ҳμӡ
һǵڲҹĴ춼ǰμӡ
ƼҵֱʲһĴ󣬽ǵоƵȫ԰סطɴƱ
ҪǻһСļ壬һķþͿƲˡ
˭и()أ˼Ǯ()
˵ǿֱ˱̾͵μӻ˲Ǳˡ
Ǵû뵽ļλĸߣ()Ҳôˡ
֮ǰȻ˵ڸ߼ϴεıսȥôԮѾǾúţˡ
ɲμ˻ǲŷ֣֮ǰֻǱɽһǰˡ
رǰֳ(qng)Ƕ̲סֽ
Ҳ˲ĸ߲㣬ĸ߲㣬ԷӺͷҵ˸ӵ𾴺Ϳ
˭˼Ҷϱֻ()ǿôǿأŲС
μĻĴ˹Ĳٸ߲Ȼȴвٵ(qng)ȥ
ǳ˷⣬ĸ߲˳սһЩʻ˵ͼ
ΪУԷӾȶϱ꺢ӣۿ֮ٻȥ
үӺͷ̫̫͸Ըˣ϶ˣҪǽӡ
ڼ̥̥ȶ֮ʱȥ׹˾ҩ˾
ʵвס
ʱúܿ죬ûȥ˾(ͦ)Ŵ¥ͼ͡
ţ첽ǰһǣһ§
ԼҷźѾȫϰˡ
ҲǱȽϸжģпʼеĻƣųʲôģΪĦ
ӽĴЩһϴˡ
ʮТϹһźǼûвõģһĽ
£Ϊϲ;ߡ
ԽԽˡӹ;Ц
ͷĶͷǵȻ˭ֻһ̫̫ء
()Ĳ()סͷϲ˲䣬Ҳֻһ
ⱲҸ˷Լ(i)һֱϸˮݺ֧֡
򻻳ɺܶˣƶôڣǸ
ҷȴͬʲô(qng)֧֣ˡ


1852.1852 Ұ㣨꣩


1852 (i)㣨꣩
ѣ̧ͷ
׼ſԷͻȻ
һʱ䷢ţôˣ
ҶۣӦҪˡ̧ͷ˵
һ½óնϵҽλ()()ĸ
ߵ׼õĲ˵ҽܿˣҪ¡
ЦڣҲ¡
оóԼҷʱֺµ(qng)Էڰ
Ŀǰסڷׯ԰ҽҲסȴˡ
˺ܿҽ͸˹̫̫ҲŸϵ
ҽ÷ȥܾãҾ̫̫
ҽô˵ͷУԱվŵȵȡ
ʹʼͷҲһܺ
忴۲ѣԻʿڣڲͬ𣿸ԡ
ʿ㶣Ȼû뵽Ҫ󣬡ȷ
ȷͷ
ͷͿᶨʧЦ㲻
ҪһǵıԼļôۣҲرۡ
ۣһۡ
ܵ(qng)ҲûȰ˵ʿóһͬڷ()ϡ
ĶӴʱҲᵽ˺һʹǾ͸Լˡ
̫̫¡ŽͿһĻɵ㶣Ŷôô˳ۡ
ƷһȺеľȴ
()ܺãСʱ˳ʣһ̥
Ǹ߼ߣ꺢ӺҲǿ()ӡ
̫̫ͷ̫̫һ˱һӡ
Ǹ硣̫̫
̫̫Цá
ССĺӣҲޱġ
֮ǰȻ֪˫̥ǶûȥԼ麢ӵ()𣬾һݾϲ
ȷʵϲˣͷһ()ͶŮ˫ȫˣã
ͷ󺹣ʱѾժͬţлл㣬ˣ
Ҳлл㣡ַϲ˲䡣
ܿ죬Ӿͱȥ͵ȴ()ͬǿһѡ
رǷүӣһĸһĺ
ƼҲһĸˣһȺΧСô
Ʒ̲סˣȥϺϰٲĴͺ꣬޲ȫµ˶ֶ֪Ůһ̥
ʰɾ屧Żط䣬Ҳ˽ŵ()ϡ
СĽһһЦ̫̫ǵĺÿ
ǵȻҲ˭ģ̧̇°͡
˫̥òǺŮ壬к
()Լ˱ӣһһڣԭĸĸоã
忴źͺӣֻоܰޱȣе(qng)ǰ׺ӡ
̲סյ˵̫̫(i)㣡
ĸмϹкӣ㡣
ԱߣֻסĲӣĴҲ(i)㣡
дȥҲ֪Ҫдʲôˣľôˣллһֱߵڵǣ(i)~~ԭдĩģ̫ˣױ404ҿܶ뿴ԼҲرдһĵķдĩϲĵǿԼȥ¸¹ƻбôô~~
д˸׼ٸĸϴεͶ壬һͷһʱ˻ǣԷûȤף֮Եſ飬ɻˬĳ·~~~


1853.1853 ׹䣨ĩ⣩


1853 ׹䣨ĩ⣩
죬տ
µһ̥ȡտŮȡε
˳󣬱ҵĳ(i)
˵()ӲȽϴ󣬷տСʱ򳤵ɶ˵ƾˣò()ӣԽԽƾ
()䣬Ƚϲ⹫оҩž˾о󷨺ħƣǷǳͶ֡
εòһֱȽ壬پĻһ˫Ưһۣ()ҲȽ⡣
ȥʱ䳤ˣһȺŮ˶һĳ裬ü诼˵ѬգҲŮ෽һȥˡ
ƼһǷңֻܹܵ·εϲ͸磬ȴ衣
ε͸ϲĲͬϲͶ죬Ҳȫ̳˰츳
ʮ֮󣬷ҲѧƷޣʱЯȥΣʱܵͼȥ
ʮ(r)ԼѡҪһ
տҪȥһͿеĸߵȼѰҲϣεҪ뵥ȥүүڵĵͼ档
ͷĽǸ躢ɺͻ֣Ǿͬˡ
ڸ߼͵ͼĳ涴ֻͨרŵսפأÿͻһǺɴ
εԿŷɴԾ涴ȥ˵ͼǡ
үү󲮡()()˺ȥũס˼졣
ûпռܣ˾ȴΪһռ䴢ָ
ũɨ()һȦ߲ܶ˹Ϲҩռȥɱ˺ܶŵ˿ռ׼ȥ
ԼʻŷɴڼһȦŸүүˣԻ档
˭֪˲ų涴ûжãȻĿռ籩һ½ķɴϯС
ɴssĲʣɿռ籩ܴȻû˺ɴȴҲ˴𻵡
εҲܲסǹɿռ籩˹ȥ
һɫ
ʡнһԽҰͷÿ
ӳǰˡԽҰʻתͷԺŵ˵
ԭŵ۾һƬͣȥ
ǡ
ȥֻǰĹ·һЩ̫շһŮӡ
ǰֽ˷˹ͿһŹ־ĵ
ܵͷ˿̲ס̾Ưӡ
̽̽ŮӵıϢţȴϳ
֮ǰд˼ţԭǵģдܸо̫ζͷĹ£дѾˣԾɾ˻ŮεģҿԵһȫµĹ¿Ʋд̫~~ɫҲԵ򿴣ʣµĻ޸ģ2330-0ҷôô~


1854.1854 ɺ


1854 ɺ
˱˳Աߵλá
ΪŮбֻǿ˿ûˣֻеѹʡ
ڸʻλͣתͷСŮ֪ʲôطӳģãȥ֮ǰ·ϣɥʬˡ
ǲͷ˵ֻɫĿ˿Ա߻ڻ˯Ůӡ
ǰϳǽһֿռʣһǰսһ·ɥʬɾ
ͻȻôһòŮӻ·ϣɺ
ҲԼϴĹǣ۾ÿ˵()߹۲¡
Ǽϴ()⣬ָ˻ʲôҪʹ˼ʲôġ
ҲòôɺϣǽĶ·ΧӣȴòôͻȻôһˡ
Ҫǣûгôߵģʲô()ݣ
һߣεʵ³ǰˣֻΪռ籩ԵʣܵˣҲֻʶѣȴʱ޷۾
ڱϳǰѾʣµǵ㾫ۣҪ˸ҶͷɱС
оǱˣֻǷûй
ãͨնˣûκηӦ˵ĵطڵңԶ
ǵϰרֲڵĹԣʼжԻǵɨ裬ռ(qng)
ԼСʱңͨϵ磬ռϵ(qng)
εþڹ
һǣ(qng)ʾǰﻹһƬֻǿƼڵֱ̫ˡ
ȥĵͼҪܶ࣬еķɴûС
žһȽҪϢǰͻȻһʯ꣬ʼ졣
ܶ˱ɥʬֲҲ˱죬ѽ١
˾ܣΪ˶ԿɥʬͱֲͶ
Ҳȫң·һڰ֮С
ڵǻĹʡԽҰǰе·ڽϳǻء
ЩҪϢεּռϢ˽硣
Ҫ֮еһСǣҪһȽͼһûбֲ۵ǡ
Ϊ(qng)ϵʾﲻƼҲûзеǣûй
ܽԼ()˵˵˼Ҳš


1855.1855 ð


1855 ð()
ΪְǺڿ͸֣εҲѧܳʱ䡣
ְǱֻ֣㹻ˡ
ùʡûкԼһˣܿҵһȽϷġ
ȫ˴ѣȻˣɸȴпܱ鵽
Ȼû۾þ֪Լˣпġ
ùԽ뵽˹е()Ϣðһεĸ()ƬҲԼġ
֮󣬲֪Ƿѹƻǿռ籩ɵĺ֢ܾȻ䵽һ
ķɴͻ׶ڿռ籩ˡ
ΪСôҪӦԼˡ
εЩ󣬾ĵúͱĿϢ
֪˯˶ã۾ʱѾûˣҲѾˡ
()ӳȥͼԶʮΧһ˵
˶ֳܱһ⣬()Ҳܵѹƣԭss˴Լbӣȴûʲôصˡ
ƿȥžӭʮ˫۾Ĵ
εִûжĸо()ΪҺƼҵĺӣӳʼͱĿ
߹ȥɨɨڳˣʣǾ𣿡
һЦָָ˵֮ǰڹ·ϻˣϴ㡣
εĿָ()ϡ
˿ȥԼʮҵģӲʿʴһһǾгġ
Χʮ˶ԱȣԾĴһλߵʣ˵()ݲ򵥡
Ż󷽵΢ЦлԺʲôõĵطһᱨġ
֮ǰȷʵǾҪɥʬ߱ޣڻԵĻǻȽ鷳Σյġ
ĵá
ô˵εԼоóķҲǷĵĲҪҲȥǿ
(qng)סˣҸỹ˾ǣϲǷ˭(qng)
ܼС˶ԼϴûвϴҲû˵Ц˵һ
εҲѧһ˵ϡ
һ£ܾͿʣҽܣʲô֣ôԻ赹·ϣ
ε֪ҪʣϴżְĻصҽзεԭǹˣż˳һ˽ֱҪлأ˭֪⣬Ҵӷɻϵѹˡ


1856.1856 û뵽ô


1856 û뵽ô
εȫǴ()Ϣϵõġ
ǹеһһ˽˷ɻ
ľȽԶĩٺҲѶأǱȽ()ݵˣ()ϢѾûʲôôˡ
Ҳ˿ӣαһ()ݡ
˵ģܰŰɣ׼Ȳһ顣
Ӻıóһɺһƿˮݸε
ллεøоЩˡ
Ҳ(qng)šƿǺ˿ˮ˺ɳ
һ߳ԣһþùԡ
׼ùʡߵϢеıܼϢܲҵ()ݣ˭֪ͻȻΪػˡ
εؼʱػҲǹˡ
ǣרҪƷʯͼǹȵǸȻ˿ռ籩
ֻ֮ѰңûʯԵˡ
ͷ˿ʳָϴŵĽָ˿û䣬ʱǲӵġ
ڷεͷԱʱ()Ȼ˳һˡ
һ󣬶ԻȽ޵ĵ˵ͷȻε˵ĺ()϶Եϡ
ȻȫˣǾķԵʡߵ()Ϣ
ôɣҲϸȷϣҲҪ
()ûʲô̫⣬ڴںķεҲ⣬Ǽҿܾôȫɡ
ʵǷεڻ׹䵽ʱԶɲνĺշҪ߼̫ˡ
£Էε˵ʲô𣿡
εҲ֪ҪһһɣҪ취ؼҾˡ
Ҳ֪ȥϳǻذɡص
ʣϳǻҼˣ
εһŵ̫ˡ
鵽ķεкͼãǸεһдʱ䶼סУסĹԢ˵˴˼ϵȽ䵭
Ųһ䣬Ǳ˴ֱġ
ͽΪʲô̫ҵԭ򣬷ȥϳǻغЩ˱(r)ĵİȥν˲鷳
ҪǡɷҵҲȥϳǻأǲҪ¶ˡ
ܵ鵽˷ε()(qng)ȻҲ֪ľ
뵽ٴθ鵽(qng)̾˿˵ʵҲҲˣҸղŽӵϢһֱھһٶ๫ĵطܵĹȻ׹ˣǼҵһܡ
ֱѾըҲȫըˣӻ()ϵͺƬϣ鵽þǹзҹǼܡ
ε㶣û뵽ôɣȻֱ·׹ˣ()ҲǱʵˣѵڤڤ֮עģ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


1857.1857 Ժһ


1857 Ժһ
ܵĻεסһȻ˫ֻȣͷ˽ȥ
С󶼷ǳó裬ԲûԼ()˱˹顣
Ϊ⹫ȦУʱȥϷûԹ()ܼܡ
Լ뵽ǸεУ˸Ҫġ
ĵı(qng)λԾͷ
ŷεҲ֪Ҫôο̧ͷԻȥһϵ
ҲûаοŮӣο⻹ǸİŮӣֻǳĬԱߡ
ԼСʱ󣬷ε̧ͷȦģ˸пڣллҡ
ܿģҲЩͬ(qng)Ҫȥϳǻ𣿡
εͷţȻҲ֪Ҫȥ
Ҳ÷εһȥϳǻظȫͶȥһѯʵ
ŷε˵ҲҪϳǻأԺһ𡣡
ȻˣǲܵһŮ
εлл
Ϸε˳Ϣҹڼйһα춯﹥ȴʰˡ
ڶոʻ
ȥ·˼ֻɢɥʬ׷һһŮܡ
³ɥʬ˾
εû³͸ӿʹõǹǵһμôͶ˵
ĩſʼ£ҲܶԸֻɥʬͱֲɳľͻᱻ̭ˡ
ԽҰѾ˱˺Ŀϡ
³Ϣ緹
ǿȪˮͱɣεĳţЩ̻ʡ
Ա֮˶Ի˱ʾ˸л
ãӸسӳģֻǳ·ûˣȻɥʬ׷ߡ
ǸеʱʱĻᳯε۵׾Ǿ֮ɫĴа뷨
ŮһֱһҪͻӴòʮֳڣСﻹռλ
ȻŮҪϹüˣûˡ
ŷε⵽˶Է޵ļʵӣˡ
ϳǻﻹһ·̣мᾭһسǣԽҰͿҪҼվͣ׼ȥ
ҴߣҲ˾ȳϳǻء
ԱŵĻԷεʣ𣿡
һ䣬һسӦûɥʬԿܻΣա
εͷУܣֻһ
ľϵܺ;ܣȴֻ˵˱ȽսĽϵ
˵ɱһֱǰ棬㾡Աͺá
ãεҲϱ˺˵¡


1858.1858 Ҫʲô


1858 Ҫʲô
سǺ󣬹Ȼɢɥʬ˽ˡ
سǱԵشɥʬǺܶ࣬ҲܿͿ˼վ
ʱͬʣ𣿡
ŮӽЦ˵ˮϵܣҸǻϵܡ
Ҳǲ
һֱĶɢɥʬ
˵޵Ƴ˷εһۣһұǿģ
εֻúЦŮ()ϵľˮϵõĲþǼߣ֪Nɪʲô
رǶԼּʺ͵ӣΪøƯȫĪ
ڴʱ˹ϴ淢Ϣ˵سһСҴߣ˳ȥ
ȻѾжϣֻҲûźʹãǾȴõ籨ϵ
ͷСλãǹȥ
ǶÿȥЩ̫(qng)ԸŻȻȥϳǻ·ϸȫҲͼš
СسǵģǵִʱÿϰɥʬΧС
вҽ
һɥʬͳǳ˹
³ս³תͷԷε˵һǡ
á
ǶúܿҲ嵽ܺ棬ﻹ챧Թ뿪ΪʲôҪˡ
ʱҲû˹ǣܿͺͳɥʬˡ
ʮˣһߴɥʬһ߻ΧȦıˡ
ֵҲǿֻǹ׼ϵܣɱܴ
ߵĴ˸ɥʬεаѱ˶µ£ٵļס
Ůһ߼Уһһֵĸֹһ裬ʱҵߵˡ
ȫѷҵģܵ˶ҪˣرǱ˵ģ뽫ӳȥĳ嶯
ɫһ䣬һֻɥʬͷת()Ůӵ죬ɱɥʬͱ𶯡
ŮӼģҲŵˣټкͻֹܡ
ӻʹûϵܣʵȴǺǿԱ
ͻȻʮֻɥʬķŷεץ
εҪ̧¶ԸɥʬͻȻ洫һɴҪɥʬȺȥ
Ȼ()ʵȼˣbѾڱȽϸˣ֮()ֱȽ
ǰıܿץɥʬ±ͷڵҪʲô
һ붼עͼŮӹͼٴνɥʬȺ
Ů˫۾˷ܺͲ̣Ƶʱ򻹵Էε˵ɣȥɡ
һĻҲ˵


1859.1859 ˭뾹ȻǶ


1859 ˭뾹ȻǶ
û뵽Ůӻľٶ綼һ⡣
ֻ̫죬˫Ѿ䵽˷ε()ϣȥѾԮˡ
ڻѸͷܣŷεɥʬʱͼͻȻڵϣ˽µԾݵıܿ˼ֻɥʬץ֡
׵Ҳڼֻɥʬ()ϣǺ
Ůû뵽÷ε㿪Σڰޣ첲ȴͻȻεץסȻǰɥʬȺȥ
ε֮Թˣ˿Ů֮ǰȺԼΪ̵档
Ҫŵ̲סС
εȴûлشһ¿·һ߳ɥʬȺ塣
ĶҲڳȫ()ˣ֪Ҫʲô
ܿε͸Ǵ𰸣ʮֻɥʬΧקŵŮһ˦ֱӵɥʬȺ
ҪŮӸû뵽ô죬Ůô
ˮϵߣûʲôһ·Ҫǿ磬ʮֻɥʬΧţûκҧˡ
ǰޱȺԼĻģöԷε֡
ͷεûг𣬿ȴʶԷƯ̫࣬ҪŻɶԷȴ
Ըղſɥʬһ¾а֮ģֻû뵽Լˡ
ãӸû뵽εὫùӽɥʬȺ
˵ǻ˶û뵽ⱨĻֺֿݡ
ԭΪǶ()˭뾹ȻǶ
Ǿͼε׼ݵĻӶ£Χʮֻɥʬͷ
ҿôܼ̲͡סʿˮ
ĩٺŮˡ˺ͺӶΪߣܵŮӣһܹԸֻɥʬǺˡ
ǾȻλŮһ¾ͽʮֻһˡ
ѾҧĿȫǵŮӣҲ֪˵ȡǷε̫ˡ
ڷεֻɥʬʱӳűķε˹ȥŸֹܾͳĺȥ͵ϮȻҪΪñ
֪ȹҪˣȴãεϾѾ˹ȥΪʲôҪã̫ˡ
رǴӳɱ˷˽ʲôΪǱ˵Ĵ
εһʱ͸Ӧ˺ɱٽֻɥʬתͷ㿴еĳޡ
ĿѾԼֹܵȣ㲻ָҪˡ
תʱֹѾֻʮҵľ롣
ʮ˵ĽŵĿУͼεһ̧ţߵ
ӱ߷ģҪ
εǱöĵˣڶԷٴγʱֱץס˶ԷڣȻԶǰȥ
ҽڳ˾ͼӣӽǰΧСɥʬȺ
Լܿûɥʬ˻


1860.1860 ͻȻЩ


1860 ͻȻЩ
Ҫܻɥʬܵ˶̲סҪվŻ
Ҳ̫ײ˰ɣ
󣬾ȻܽһôԶǽܶ
Ҳȷʵ̫ˣùҪƷεɥʬȺӱ͵Ϯɱ
ȻûʮʵЩѽܣȥô()Ĵֻôݡ
ԷεͶȥһ͵ɫ
Ϊεôԣѵֻܱ˺Ͳܷˣ
ôϺܺãĩûȥġ
εҲע⵽һ˿ԼĿ⣬в׽˻һ͵΢΢¡
ΪԼŵǣ˵ǱŵˣȻͨˡ
εǺŽԿ׳ģȻر(i)ɸϵʱϵġ
սУҵϰֺѸɰȥ˹ǵŵġ
ѧУҲͬѧӹ׷ɱ׼ͽ񣬸ȥͲ׶̵ı֡
ö˵ʰëëꡣ
ɱ˭ԷȶģԲء
˻ɱɥʬεҲûţ߹ȥ˽ȥ
ܵ˼ԭĶڱԼɱĻͣͻȻЩ
ôˣ˵õ()أ
ʮ˶ܹѵģûϺȵˣּһǿԮʣµһٶֻɥʬܿͱɾˡ
ε()֣Ҳ³Ӧⲿӳġ
Сﻹжʮ;ۼһҴߣ˳֣һ̲סˡ
ԭΪᱻɥʬΧû뵽þˡ
˶ܹʮָмĵлóǷĵġ
Ҳ˵ĩ()ҲǶˣ˿ܱ˺ܶ࣬ɲ񶨺ˡθк֪жҲ١
Ŷʮ˿һ뿪سǣ׼ϳǻء
ԽҰ̲סӸʻλת()ŷε()Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ò֮ǰܶûʹء
εƵǰѧУʱʦĩ˺ɱɥʬˡ
ô𣿡ܸӻѵô꣬˼ģ
֪Ƿε⳶Ľڣֳ()ֺ͹ϺɲͨĴѧ
ѧ()֣Ϲɡ
ɵЩɷε()ݡ
Ǳ߻ģǽ뵽ϳǻغӦûҽ()߰ɣ
εһ͵ı(qng)ú棬ðɣСĻǿԴﵽ̶ֳȵġ
ðɡܰŰɡ
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~~쿪ʼһŬȶʱ䣬Ļ¸10ţڶθĵĹˣ֮ٷ~~ôô


1861.1861 ǲ´


1861 ǲ´
ʣµ·̣εʼĿ()
ܳûתͷͻһȻҲЩɷε()ݡ
Ҳ˶룬ε⣬֮ʮ**취ǡ
һ·ϻ㰲ȣڵִϳǻſڡ
һ³רŸػصʿ͹ѯʡ
ܶһ˵ǴسҴ߻ȸǼǰɡ
ǡ
εǵһϳǻأͬҪǼǣȽԾǰõĻ֮ǰ׫Ǹ()ݡ
Ǽ󣬸˸һſʱ()ݿ֮ҪƾǣȡҲһ
ãεӹ˿ʱ()ݿһİ()գԱд֡ߡԹС
õ()ݿ˳ˣ֮ǰĳ˳ǡ
ϣεʣҪϳǻ棬Ҫʲô𣿡
óȺͷģרŷֹܺ֡
ЦŻصϸ¿ʼؾסѾ䲼ԴӲͨңȥصĹȡֵ㡣
ҪҷסҲڹûֵס
ʳãҪԷҲûֵѡ
һתػһרŵģûʵĻҲȥ񻻻ֵ㡣
Ҫȥ϶û⡣
εˣԻЦЦлл֮ǰչˣԺ¿ңҾˡ
()ݲ򵥣ʿ͹̬ܵҲܺã˵ֻҪڻҪܼ򵥡
óЩԼ()ݣҲ뱩¶̫ණԸõġ
£Ҫˣ
εʧЦǰȻأ
ҲӦԼ˸ɵ⣬עⰲȫ
ԭҪ£ôƯСĵ㻵ˣһ֮ǰֳսͺ־úܶࡣ
Էεͷټ
ټε³˻ӻ֣һˡ
ԥ뿪ıӰûҪκϵʽûʹеٴ()ˡ
˻ŵӣǲ´ˡ
šǱˣǱľͺá
εһ˷ֱһ˵ӣþɨɨȷû˺ӿռ䴢ָŪһһ
֮ǰȥͼũĶ˲ڽָǺҪͷˡ


1862.1862 Ƚս


1862 Ƚս
ó󣬷ε()ϵķˡ
һţп㣬Եȥҹ
һӾͱ˶ˣЩҲûҶ
ϳǻй涨в(yn)ɱ¼Ҫǡ
·ߣԼʮӺ󣬷εߵ˹
εĳֺܿ˵ע⡣
û취ʵ̫ˣһǳƯù֣ʳĴӡ
ǼҲǾʿŷεڣҪһ֣
ţ㿴Զһ١εӷŵϡ
˴򿪿˿¶˾ȵɫû뵽ôһȥ()޵ŮܹŪôƷʺõʳ
صĹǱȽϸģʵԶһʮ֣Զһʮ֣һ٣һ𣿡
ε֪۸
˴ӳóſһٻ֣ԺһֱֵֿҲֱ¿
طѾͶϵˣϳǻÿ춼ᶨʱӦ磬ִſЩǰѧַõֺͻ
һ䣺ڻֿʵǼǣпһҪãҪ͵˻ˡ
õģллεӹȥԱרⷿӵİ칫ҡ
ʮ֣һһһķӣõԿֱȥס
˹֮ͷֲ˸Լ
һӣҪ߽·
ȻˣЩ˲ø()()Ҫռˡ
ܿεʹ˳֮ǰûȥȥӿͼҪֿ˶Ҫſڵϡ
εȥסõķ¥ͣˣȫԼ
ţĲúܼ򵥣ɳ()ʲôĶС
ռ̺ʲôģóһ
ſ˿նûźţҲû޷ͼϵʱǲܻؼˡ
Ҫؼʮ**Լܹ溽еķɴС
սУѧľ죬˻⣬ѧɵɴ죬ϼⷽˮƽǲ͵ġ
ֻǵĿƼôҪܹķɴǺѣϾϾǸ⡣
һ;ѰҲϣԴʯƵĴƷһȽϸ߶˵źȻܲùϵϰְ֡
һ·ȽսҲǻôһµ**ɣ¼˵Լ⣬ĵȻ


1863.1863 


1863 
ε֮Ҫߵ·һ飬˼ƻҲͺ߶ˡ
ڵһϳǻȥ²ͬһῴܴܲʲôȥ
ȽпܽӴĿƼʱ˾ŪĿǼʷɴ
ʱ䣬εûÿռָĶ֡
ÿ춼ȥ񴦽Ȼ󵥶ӳȥ
ʵЩҲռʻѾҴ֮ģҲû
һµʱε˺ܶҲֻҪռģʱҲģȫʰúܲҡ
ڳڻǳ⣬ĳ
Ҷ֪һˣ˶˴ùر׺ûʵòҪǡ
Ҳ˵𣬲֪Ϊʲôһʱ뵽˷ε
һǼռʣû뵽ٴϢģúܲ
Ϣ죬ͻȻӵһͳȥˡ
ºʱʮ˳ȥȴֻо˻Żˡ
ϳǻصĸ߲㶼ˣǸֱüûа취ֻڻڰ䲼Ѱ߲μӡ
ε쵽ģÿעxǳΣա
ҲǺܸߵģ˳ÿ˿Եõǧ֡
ȥʧˣֻҪŻҲܵõٻֵĲ
ȻΣգôߵĻֻ˻ﲻߣһ³˰ˡ
ε񲻼򵥣ںģϲս(qng)Ҳȥˡ
ܿĵ֪ͨǣٹһˣθĶӳѡˡ
ڶ죬εִģͿĻܡ
ʶܲµεӦþǸˡ
Ȼȱ˵󣬻˿ڣεϾΣգڰٷ֮ʮϣһСľͻ˳
һȦˣĿڷε()ʱû⣬ϾͿˡ
ô˵ڳ˳һ(ɧ)ʮ˾˻ᣬ˳ˡ
Ȼ࣬Ҫ
˳󣬼ҪʮˣˣҪʮˡ
ܵĵȼҪģҪʵս飬ܹΣմݲȵˡ
̲סʣҪʲôܹ˵˵𣿡


1864.1864 Ƕ


1864 Ƕ
Ҳû
Ƕ֪ĩԭĸǰһʯ꣬ߵоԱЩʯҪռ
еʯĿԽȥоҪεȥѰֿ
ʣдλ𣿻ǺȥѰң
صϳٶ๫ĵطһ֮ǰҲȥˣʧȽϲҡ
ֲܵͶĸرǱֲܶ඼˶ǵĽⶾҩЧɽϸʵԪס
ǿټ룬һͲ(yn)˳;ܣͰӱǹдá
Ļһ˳
ҪֻԸɥʬǻ£δ֪ıֲȣȴˡ
Ƭ̺󣬻ٴɨɨû˳ˡ
һѾѡʮˣʣµԼȡ
ָָ()ŵӣǰսǣҸݶս(qng)ѡ
ֲһ䣬ֶεģҲ˲ܹŴӡ
ѡõʮ˳
εԼ־ʮǶ⡣
Ͼ˼սڻòƻ(ͦ)ġ
֮ǰв˲ûԼѡʮˣ˵ʲôè壬˺Ƕˡ
ʮڻﶼˣȫڱȽǵĴڡ
ǰ˱Լسѡˡ
ʣµĶʮˣַͻָ˶սѡˡ
ѡ˳ʮ˿ڵǶȥ׼£سڼ
ã
εҲûͻ˴кת()뿪ˡ
ȥ֮룬ӿռóһѹװ˲ٵʳӽȥ
ֽ˯Ʒװ뵽һһѹ
ռָʱǲ¶ĺãȻγȥҪͱֲ򽻵ôľϵܿչ¶ˡ
ѧϰרҵǷɴʲôģͲϷֲ
ÿԽ񣬿ܲҵʵͲϡ
̸ʵܶͼڲϡеĸ߼ϣֻǱԼֲ˶ѡ
Ҳ̴Сⷽ
ǸνʯͿЩ棬Ҳ֪ܲܵͲãϾǴġ
˵ܻһͿԱߣһٺüã
ĸ꣬ллͺͶƱ~~


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