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½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ

01 Ů

ҲûбȽԼ»һ·ĺ꾫׽ڲ񷿣˷ŭˡ
ڹԺĲſڣ΢̧򢣬˫ۣͷɫͷĶ
ү˵ҹ˭ãһεεŮһ߽ᴭһ߽ơ
ܰѽ»µүҰ/ϵģȻǡã
СȻã֮ˡүûȤñүĺáӵһһǻöıģ֮˼ֺá
ǴӳɻҹͿʼƲһȿȴĲģ鷿˰£˵ǲȾ˲˿̣㱳ǹ۷ͷأ
ⴺ͵Ҳ룻֦᾵ĲϣҲ⣡
ͻȻǰĹ⾰Ƶ÷Ц΢΢ǣһĨЦתͷȥŲԶ£һȺһ׽ǡ
պͰһߣҧгݣ޲Գȥ˺ˣ
ֳŶĲ˵Ӹڵĳ˹
ϻųݵĳͷӰ·Ļ԰˹
ŷСӷۣͭ빫ͬ飻
һȺϵĻѾȭʱ׼һ¡
һȺˣĺܻ
ǵЦ⣬ڳĺڻһƺů
һڴ˼ѪԾԾԵġˡǣЦⰤһɨ˲ʯ
£ʱ򣬲Ӧüַŭһ߿ţǶҰԧ죬ǸɻǸ꾫һƤ޺ݺݳ飬ҪۣǱᡣǣ㵴سһЦʲôЦ﷢ë
ԼҲƣûѽʱȷӦüʾŭġôͻȻйأ
ӳǶԭŽţͼŰŷϵ˵£һʱðɣ˦죬һ·ȹ֦ͥҶ嵽̤ĺԺ
Լŭڵƣһ·ЮһɱˣſڣѾһս
һѿˣġ
Ǵ˿̣ˡ
ССİϣһȦһȦֱֱβҲ߬˿ԹͷߺĶתǰԸ
ˣԺȣҲҪ죬˵ 
һӦͷŵҲһ뷴Ӧ
ԲȲ汻ֶֿʣ찡ֱӳҪ
ڷ㣬ȥ·Ҳˡ
Ų֧֧򢣬ĸµزһ䣬ȻͷҲصأ޷Ϣȥ
ԲȲ汻Ҫ¶룬찡ֱֱӳɷ˶ˣ
һĵȥˡţǸһģĺ
طװһһȸ裬һ飬ڴСǰ롣
ʵ»͵ȣ˾ЩĵûʲôԹġ
ΪʲôģЩģ
Ǹİ衣ţԲɵ˶ŭˣҪƵġ
ǰ֮ˡʮ꿪ʼޣһ꣬ΣӲԼ޳񾩳Ц
ϱӵϣⱲʹǣԵ
ʹߣʺĸĳ谮ǼٵģЩõˡ
һΣ˸ӡйôϲδܰߣ¹δȵԲһغˣ
ڶΣ˸䣬Բ˼⣬󣬱ƵôڵϣȹգһѱһҪȫȻһ飬һ߿ȫˣ
ΣŵѰŸ尮öģ⻹û¹򣬾ͱ׽ڲ񷿣ڿ
չδãŮ߽һȥ˿ǵСңһѯҹѶ߹Ӧֶ࣬˶£ǹڲˣ֮δʺΪˡ
˵鸮Ըţ뼾ҼҲ񷿣ĶӻȥǸ꾫ϼʮȣһӶдȥ
ҵСҪˡָźʣһУһݺݾ׽·ѹ࣬ĭˣŻƵأ˷Ը
ţū澼ˡǸϸĵˣͷӦˣ룬ʣǸ꾫˭
֪Ҳ˵һڣֹסǻŮĻͷüһ˵ҹ˭
˭ȹˣˣ˵ǸѾͷӣСұȻ¡ɾ⾩ĳҵĹŮ˼Ҷ񵽸ܵ͵ˣʩͽˣ
Ҫ
Ѿͷ֪ȤأĬĬ߿ҹһڴ£ʹط
Ŀԣζӳ£಻ԡ
һ֣ҲûϷˡ
ǣдĸѽǸ޼޵ĸ
һΣҪĸʧˡ
ūĸĻһΣһҪúϧ𶯲ͺ롣
ǰĸĻڶ߻졣
׵úܣ޹󣬷񾩳ǣûٸȢˡ
ǣʲôµģˡ
ҧӣĳ׵ᡣ
Ͳˣ
ӵɽӳ谮ӵףиİأֲҪĸԷ£ΪʲôҪޣ
سĹأسйʶбӵܣԲԸԶǰ̵ۺʣµģЩǽ竣ʲôü޵ģ
޵ǸˣȴϵϼҹյǳɸߣҲš
˼ӵܵĿģò˫ȫ䣬ٳԿƫƫ߿ƾˣֱ٣ƫƫӾƷ֥Ѿһ·Ͻ۶񾩸ˡ
ȴ񾩸ʹ֮һǴ
˵ˣҹԼȦõһ硣֣ҲĳȡЦ˵ҹҹֽԣ֪ѣ񼲿ࡣ
һʢŽ׳˳ԳԺȺ棬ϵ
Ȩ֮£ŮΪӹΪŮӣѧһѧ䣬ͱЦҰ˼ΣͱЦĴ
Ȩ֮£Ȩƺ⡣ΪķѡûѡĴ
ȻĴΪʲôҪĥԼ
ˣ͸и
ҹͻȻһһɤӣеĺͿˣ£
գԼŷˣģ£ҹ֥ݡ
ȥүȥף
ҹ֥ݣһСˣһˣŲŮ
лҪ˵ϷС糡
ߣ̾⺢ӣ۲ȱһһۡ
ӣ֣ţۣ
ߣǳ⣩ȥū·ߵģҪŽףƣ۾ڶͷϳģԼȱˡ
ӣĬĬ߿
ߣǳ⣩ȥ׼һ°

02 Ҹ

ŷǸףȴסȨڵڹڵլԺ
լԭǸ˼ĹսУܶְ˼ңû˸ۡլۡ㱻λŷ˸Ҳ֪ߵʲô·ԼĪǮͨ񡣶ŷиӣ걼⣬ĶĴ
һǰλŷ˰㻨ؽ࣬ĽŸۡһ˵ŸñȻʹߣãݣūͳȺһһˮʯɽĽ԰ӡ
ԣŷݺլԺ㰤ҰӣύĹھǡ
ȻЩھǣӣһʣնŵĿúţк˰˰죬׹ûˣҲûˣ㽫¯ˡ
ûһҿӭͣҲûһҵŰݷá˰
ĸھǣһŸΣݶţ˼ңԼҲǸġʶм½
ȴǣŷЦ񾩳ǵЦأЦһֶЩ鼺һ޻˵
㣬λŷˣϣʮ꣬ƺӶЩ
ðķţ£ױ̨ǰüͿ֬ӣ筣ĥĥʰͣʩʩȻ˹̧ųţ㿴żҵѾڽµȺˡ
ͷľǵĽǣ׺աһֻÿ֮̽ͷǶŷʾϳ
Ҳȹգһͷȥ
˲ţҼĶղ֪Ҫȥ˭ŷһѷһбά֮ԣˮȻ
˭ҲȥȥҸңҹЦŽǷлʵЩյģǻˣܺиһеĿն
һ⼸ǹ»飬߶šδ룬ȥ֥ݣŷһͷΣһ嶣죬елҲ綣Ȫˮðͣ
ǣˣҹһЦƻλε罫׽ڲ񷿵飬˵˸š
öŷʱɫߡһ·ڣУƽλçķˣϱٵֻǶԼ˸Ѫͷ 
΢΢ⴽųڵĶŲͣɺƤӣ룬絶Ǹ꾫ȲܶѾΪ⽴ˡ
ãҪ֥Ѱˣŷ˵ͭѾ
֥ͣݵ¥£Լ˿֣ͻȻЩ㱣ˣҪƹˤ
ɶŷ˸ոʹϣδڣֽﵶӲ嵽ϣظŵ½ȥһòСɹ٣ãɴعá
˵þͺǴԼϣƵġ
Ҳ٣֥ݣҲǶŷ˿ġ
üĿȾЦ˳
Щϲζĸˡײͣ޽ɣǣȴʵ
㣬֪ŷ˵ڣͼıżҵСŮ꼰ǣ񾩳ʸȨ˼ҡǶŷͨȨΨһ 
¥¥һθ䣬˹Ƴʳš
ŷˣʮ߰ɡ
ȻǳϸһԽ񣬰ѩԽԵɫ񡣽£ִѱȻ
ҹɢڼĵϯϣ΢΢ͷԴ꣬תͷ/޺
̲סͷһЦЦŷˣ浱ǻôһ
Ҫôأһ㾭Ҳûа
бŰϵĵһᣬŨĹζǾһ˵ɡ
˼ƣȵЩˣ̧ͷۿһֱͷ꣬ʼʻ
ʲô֣
ط˵ĻСĽ衣Сȴ𻰡
ط˵ĻСĽ롣СɸŴ
һģһ磬һֵܡ
˫ַסأսЩ˿֣Сǰ˰죬Ҳֲʲô
ˡ꣬
ҷˣҹͻȻһ߽йһ
Ȼ֥ݵģǷˡǣһһˣô
Ӧγƺˣһ빧΢ЦҲȽϼмףϽǷƺϡ
ҲǣзˣѲɽС㣿
ҹִɾƱָڱϣ˼⣬ͻȻ⣺
գ˰ɡ
񾩳еĶȨ󣬻ʺĺң̫ӵĸ塣˰Ǻܸ⣬һЩͿʡ
˻һãưǸö˼ϣưٳ
ˣҪСֵܶη̣ǰͷƱ˳˼˳سƺˣѯ
֪ǲǿǸЩ֧УΡ
ҹðϽ֣ʾǶƹֱȾָָϣ
Ȱֽš
лûкЪϢͳȥ׽飬˿̣ᱳʹġ
ӵΧһǣһֻ֣һСϣ
ϢɾůҲģء
;ñ̵ûƵľҲܱȫأҲģˣ˯
˭裬˭룬Ҳֵ̫塣
ˣǺÿ
ĺÿ֪֮ǣʲôãŮΪüݣü˶ûС
Ҳ̫붯ɣᣬоȡǷˡ٣ò
ͳһڰɣҲûҪǰǸӣҲֱһͷԽȥˡ
񾩸ڴѲĹϸ
һɤŵߺȣšˡһײ졣
Ķ䣬ɴ˱׾ơ
͵ۣһƿϵɣϯϣڵأżڵ
ſǸϵãǶľͣ񾩸ߵУξһָ¸£Ĵɤţǳڸ࿪͵ġ
ľƼҲ͵ڱ֪ˡ
ҪǱ֪֥СϷˣһλԼԺٿˣᱻֱӲȳϵġ
лҪ˵ߣ˵ʲôãƤֽϻ
¿ӣէλװģա

03 ڸض

ľһߺȣʻţһУһ뷿ڣʼһָѶȵѲ
Ҫ컷ӣϳһˣȴҪѱÿһ䣬һֻӬ֥ݵ񾩳ĹŮˡһСײǿɾδˡ
ԣֻͷϣƷԱķ˫֣üĿĿбӣ·磬媴ȴѲĿ£ȫȨ
Ҳգ˭ľͣ񾩸ȵ汳ء 
ľŸǣɿѲϵ׵ÿһ䣬Ȼ󣬷ɿ˳ȥ
ʱ̲סɨһλڵϯϵķˡ
λˣһͷɢ˿СĹ̡Ǹ֮ˡҺãλˣҲǸ֪ȤˣʼգûҲû¶˵ǱЩù档
ľ˳ȥʱĵؽŸˡ
ˣˡ
֨죬踩صҹ
ҹ̧˳ɿϥ˿ָĿ̾Ϣˡ֥ݵķ䣬ŵ𣿡
ɹٲ߾ߡ
֧ʹߵСӣȥŹʵˡСģû˼ˣһѲĸߺ󣬲ܳȥ
δڣͻȻһڵķţֱһͷ߿
ҹ΢΢תͷбһһŽµģʱᵽɤۣϽһϥ
ղΪ˴ͷӲŷ֣˵̫ˣһΣ𶥵ľˡ
⣬ľͱѾкŸ߿˼׼ƻֺسһ䡣йµأͷƳһҴ˵ɫȴһ٣ɫһƺڲʲôͻȻһǰһ߿ǰǼ䷿š
ľΪǲǣ˷ĹϸټŸ̧׼ɱظղŵķ
ȴһֹ깦ּͷСģͷ첽˳ߣèһ㣬ͷԵ￪ 
˺ڳֱֱضΣȴſһ䣬ѣ
ľпһ£˹ȻѲ鲻ϸǲҪȥ˵ذʲ
֪һ˲ԼȴһȥȻ󣬅һŷֹš
ľͿһһʱŷӦԭǷԸŸѣ˼ңȴ˽ȥˡ
ѽѽѽ棬ʣ˭ǰڵϵķô
ˣţɽ̧ŵģһò˵ˣһǷͬСɵ顭λˣȻܹǵҴƹ
ľͻ飬Ͻɤߺţһͷһȥ
½ҹ߲ݣҹѲ껨ʮһ¥ҲԸٿҴ˰벽
ҹһȹգڵϯϣεãֻ۹űߵˣһζڨЦȴڰΪʲôƹˤʱƫƫײϣ
ˣҲйôԶԶվţüĿһ䡣˵ļڽ
ҹƤֱǵϯڸضһͷȥȴֻܽЦ⣬Ƥ
Ϲ˵ġܲ˵ҹɡ
Ƿ̫꣬һȥһֵĸ㣬ȥһ
ƺŹ磬ٲйͣڼǰ߿⣬Ŀϣ߰죬ͻȻʹһ䣺·ȥ
ϧ
ҹֻӣܶŸݣӲͷƤң
ֲ˭ƾʲôߺ
̫ӣ㻹úһ˾ˣιܲãӵˡ
ҹ⻰ãһʸ䳤ĪЩǰҲ嵭ˣֵһ䣺ͳ쾩ܴӪ󽫾ҵľ˾ˡ
ĸľ˾ˣӵľ˾ˣԼĽǻʺ󣬾ܵð䳤˵ҲͳѣԼ־ܰСһѵ
ӱֵһ㶣ͷ˼Ϣתͷת˻ͷʵ㲻ǲ»ʲô
ʻǷŻˣǻе˼ڣ»Ǹ÷޺гΪʲô֥ܵˣ
ҡҹ԰ҧӣ
һ˲磬ʱǰ׽ڲ񷿡ǣǰҧҲԸ˵˵ˣֻЦ
ɲ˰֣ǵ⣬ѾƺҲм׷ʣֻ̧żֱֱǰ
ҹֻýøЩȣӡ
һ˫΢ί˫ͫŭ⣬Ŀ⽺ţ˽ôɲǵʧ񣬷·𶪵һָʱ⡣
ҹϽգգۣҪȥ׽һͷȥĸоʱȴ֣ˡѾ°ӣ˫۴£Сһ㣬ӵϯᱧվֱˣԲѵ
ŮңЩ
Уǲġ
ḡɡ
ӹӣƫƫָ̧ɢҵĳǹٷڷ棬ҶŵϢ
ҹһգ޸ۣſ˫ֵ̧ۣĿ϶Ѱͱȥ
ḡḡɣһС˷̵ĳ˸ˣʲôµģ
ںϷĺڵѻ˱ˮ𼤵˲Ѿȥܻóȥŵøˡ
ʶ󵨵ͷȥ˵ǰ½Ѱǹ޵İζǳţèץ
ߣҹͷȥպϡ޹һ㣬٣ֽŷ
ſӷȥϵ˫֡
ţҹ˫ʮָۣԼϣƤǲɿҲ֪Լܿӵ־̶ľãʯͷţжϢҲáЩ
ǰɰִȵĸоκȴż׵Ŀ
ںģץסֻʹһӲ˿ƻǰźãȴǽС˶ԳȫľٴϿͷŷԽԽأ˿ȾΣɣȥСʵ
ǲǣҳʲô
šҺ˰ƣǾ֮ҹ˿Ҳ׷Ӧˡ
ֲǰСڣǾӦǼϵġʵղ;Щûˣֻľһɤţŵ磬˿̣Ǿд֮ơ
Ǻ֣
ŶͷϣӵڶݺݵɴصͷɵӦˣһź޳ܵЦȥ
ǡɲң
лҪ˵Ӹ磬ףŵ㣬ϡ

04 Ҫ

֥ǰԺ¥ӵĺųȥ԰илˮʣ̨ͤˮ鿣ƽˮţر̲ˮԼôδѿЩƣɫңңӳţһȤ
ֻǣǷҲõȵǴůˣķ֮ʱǺȥ³ҹԸ¥Ŵ
ʶ߿һˡ
ӰǸˣåŮˣֱӴᱧˣ䣬¥ݣ¥ӣ԰ӵĺϡ֪иˮ񾩸ĴСӪ¥жͼ
ҹ紵棬ˬͷˣȴֱֽꡣҲ֪Ժˣǹ⡭͡
ӵͷˣ̲סһü
׼ҽϽ˼ǿֲ֪Ϊ˵ǣֲ»תڻС¹һǰײšҪЩġ
ɫԽԽ죬ԽԽ̣˫ֹϣȴֱ׳
ףҵʲô䣡
Ŀ𳤣ָգָʹ
ˮߣ̧˿ĺˮ򴽣̧㽫ϵˮ
ʲôֻ˻ѡ
ڡһˮ쳹ҹա
ĺˮǳǵĺ䡣ˮ˲䣬ҹʲô󾢣ʲô/ҩȫˡ
ֻû뵽ӻһС
ǳӣ˵Ҳ˵ǳҲǳҪҪۣصеġҲˮҹ⧲ˮУˮͷؽᣬ±׹˳صף๾Ǻ˺üˮ
˫۱ܵڿҪվʱѽˮǧأҲ˼£ûðˮЩĻţˮ£䣬žЩţӣôĺͶֶű˱ѣҪذɡ
ӼδðͷֻˮǺȱ˳ˮ
ȥһ̭ǱһǴôǳˮҲš˫ˮ£ǱȴббվֱڻվˣûϢǺˮĶϽ˿ȥɫ£Сɷף˫Ŀգһûģ
Īˣ
ŽŪˮȥһظеĻˮɼ̽ˮϥ֮ʱͻȻͷһѹѹһģֱֱˮСԭ֦ˣͻȻ֪ʹ֮͵Ϯ
ס̣ովӣðͷ˫Сֺܿͷˮﰴ
һΣƫͷ㿪ΣȥΡ
裡
༸£ǽȻĶ֣վ壬㽫һ߼ٵؿȴһߺҵڵС˶ڻס
ڰˡ
Ȼ󣬱С˶ݴܵĿ֣Щʲôҹ磬벻ȥ
Ϊˡ
⳹ǵˮرŸʪ͸˶ҲǣҲǡ
˰ɣڡرӣ㶼֪ʲôʱҲ֪ʲôʱ
ŰɣʪڻΣָǿҡ
ŷĴŶϵ԰ӵĳرϣľһ⾰
ˣˮܣòңվڳһشˮ
ŵٯٯǣˮ䣡
ŷ˱ס˸ս˹磬Ͻ˽͸ϰ
Щ벻ͨλһѰֵģһѲϸģô㵽ȥˡ֣ҲزסϸˣĸҲﲻһҲʡ
ǣϰİɫ֪ǸģǸģˣҲɫӣ䣬ҲȴһָΪµĲɫ
ŷ˱Ըˣֱλȥʪ£ͷ
ֱ£Ȼĺ⣬·ʹȥˡ
ȴ˶ʪ£˵˾䲻أֱӡˡ
ŷ׷ǸʪͦαӰĵȥѲϸǸսһ˲ֿľ˱磬صڵظҴΧˣֹȵӵţһ·ȥ磡
ŷߣתͷҰ˵лȥ
ҹصҹ
̰°ƣȫ/ȫΪһǻŭһ룬йǰ֥ݵĳʣôһ˯ΡһҹЩ½ξǾţЩ룬ڶʱ´
˵ҹˮʳ˽裬
˽֣ԽԽ
ӣǸϧģȻܹк򣬾ͽӣҺӵӺã磬ѽ͹ȥˣǸӹǣøɷ纮Դ𰡣
ǣһߺȽ裬źůģһ
ս˵ˡ
ĸˣҹļһȴֹ򾲣ͷϽƬת
ǸˡЦ֮ģϽ֪
ʲôҹֵʡƮ档
ʱ㣬˲Ӧ񾩸ùʲôѲҹȥķֲˮһͷŹǸòã
ǸСһݶʢδӻѾ룬ӽӦÿȿȴüģͬأӦú棬֣ھأ
ܿ죬ͷ֣Լˡ
˻ȥմ
ʲôˣҹ̧ƤһѵŮ
˵һԶãǰġִ
գǸ˵ı𣿡һֶ۶۵ģ򲻿䡣ŮӦߣϤСˣȴƫƫһɽӣһֶ᲻ö˵
аڲˡ̧ۣЦ˵ƺЩӣθڣҹ棬һȤζ
ҹһһڽ˳ò״˳ŷŰʵΪβ˵
Ҫ֪Ǹĺ꾫ҵˣҹʱͲûѵһ㣬ûûصˡ㼸亮ףǸԳߵˣѿ
ū˵İѧ˷Ƥһ仰ƲԼĸϵ
ʵԦ¿׽ˣҲûûСˡ
ҹڰ֣׷յΣֻϽӭ
ϸıӰʼͻпϲײǧѷĻᡣ
֪»ôͰҵıС㣬ˣҲûȤ֪
ڴǣҪ˻ȥ͵õ
װҹˮʱ򣬿뵽Ҳҵʱ
ʱ٣ϸ룬ÿһأ
лҪ˵ӸҪˣʲôأ󣬻󡭡գȡ

05 

һδߡ
ƽͷҹѲȻһҼ¥ĿͷҵǸĹϸˣαװɹ¥ӵĶͣ˵ӱһӣһزڱ¡ǸʹգۣŹˡ
ָ͢ҪҪľͣѺȥ˴£Żؼȥ
صУϵʪ£Ѹ͸£ºɣĹۣҹĺ紵ɡϣһĭζҲδüԡֻҴһһˬģ׼񾩸ȥ
ҪţĸȴǰϾ̽׵ǸԶˣǸϽÿ޿䣬˵ʲôŮһҹδ飬ȥˣּһصĺǾȲͲ֮ࡣ
úͿʣˣԭǸø˻죬ڹˡ
ǣΪΨһġġܾµжֻܵʲãһʱİ׮סȻжõ˽΢ʣǣӡ竹̫ͷ϶ȥЩһᡭ񾩳ǡ
ԶõʵҲǣǻʺ̫ӵǣһȫ£˽ò㣬Ϻȣⵯ̨ٵŵǰƣǡ
ţһý¸ŽǸյѾͷ֮ʱ˶ᡣ
ڼһֶڵĽ裬һкӵǰĵϯ
һ൱̬ӴλĹ͡
һˣչ׽֮ءһΣӭͣض
ǣֲһˡ
ߣգɲġ
˶յĴҲЩ֪֮һУʾ⣬Ƣأֱ߹ÿ۽ǣֱˡ
ɫҲƽյʢ΢΢еѪ˿ԵЩ⡣
ҹͻȻ֮ǰõֿ֮̫˵óڡͷȥϣССıյҵţʮϱģСˣĿһһڣ¶
ֲɱײԼһݣţһܳԣ
ҹһ֣һڨڨһ䣺𣿡
Щɡ˾º͵ص˵ͷȾ˻ơ
ҹȴһϽԸģϴֲˮ;ߡ
Ӳϴ֣翪ԡԵ˹ģȴɨҶһһһһγԹȥʱ򣬰ϱ㾡ʣЩ̲յˡ
ʵǶˡ
һߣʹȥҹɫŹЩʲôʳ
ȴûֻ˵˫ѽ裬һ˫ˮĿؿ˳ԶЩ㱣Ϊˣ˿̾ϵĻýǰš
ָо·ƽʱ⣬ʹļ䣬ůйͬԷʱȴû־áһʱ䣬ǲ֪˵ʲôáҲ޻Եô棬İãΧۡ
ӳ꣬ڣ֣ҹЩ˼ͻȻнݳ˵ȵ
˾Ȼ˳ӵؽӹѾһĽ裬Ҳû룬һ
ҹסɤ۵һ롭ϲת飬װһ£ģؿȴԸģţ
ΧǢ̸ʲô˵̸ܶЩġ
ȰĽõĲҹϽɫ峡Ļ飬ת˳ȥţְſڵѾͷƬҲԶЩ
мž˶ӣζƿߣġ
ҽ񳿻ؼң֪¡룬Ѱ˸ͷа⣬ֲãҹ֥ȥǼвʹա
ŶҲ㲻ʲô¡һǹɣһĲںǸ¹עҲʵġ
ǲϲͺɡֶ˶٣΢΢̾Ϣ˵쳣ɳƣǰʱ
ˣٺûҪˡҹ죬һ̾ǿ϶ģֻǣò״Ÿᣬܳһؽɱ˷ˡ
ûҪӵƵü˵һ룬Զ豭Ⱥȿڲɤ
ҹͶεڼ䣬ֵĺᣬʣɤ˵󻰡뵱ȻأĻǣûҪҪ޲ȥȢ
Ҳ֪Լ쿪Ȼ˲裬˵ǣ
ûҪĻͱˣϲڸϣҲһӡ
⡭ȷڰοں
ҹһɬЦ⣬ⴽûܼʱ𻰡
һֵͻȻ֪ôӻˡ
ҹ̧ԹˣҲͲٶ˵һĬ⳯ƣϼת֦ͷǳѵõĺ
ӱĿΣƣһ
ôһ˲ҹɣǲ˴еĿˣĪר̵䷹ģżȥ͵͵̣ӢͦüⴽǸ۵ŨܽëȺöŮҵĻ
̰ڱߵָ裬ͻȻ̧ŵһ˿ٸĿڸ˳
Ƶ˵޵£Ǹ˽ңҴȥ̡ܽ
˵ˡҹɫղõӦóãѾܽˡ
ɫһͣؿ
͹ڲģһûûû׼ܽ죬磬һ졣
ҹһ˵ÿ⣬һ¸ҵֱӻȥŹӵκɫá
ƺɫͣס
֮ٳϼʮȣӶдȥܽⱲӶؾءҹֽĹ̼ܽƻĵһֱͦӭӡ
ҰֻҪ㿪ңҾϰ˷ˣߡ
һεεŮӣĥҲûˡţ棬Ҳö
ͲţӲż
ɲôؿǻһ˿޵Ц⣬·ܿ˼
﷢ëܺߣȴǲζĿ£ŤһʩߡǵˣֶͼʱʾԲۣɻȥ˭գۡ
˿ȥˣ̶⣬ɲ⣬ҹԼߣݺݵ
ãȴ۽ޣ˫Ŀ̾˿˵ɡ
ҹһһȱʯǿӲˣôô˵⣿ôļƻˣȴͻȻ˫һţǽͻ΢΢ڼͣҲ
ôˣҹƳЩԾϽ
ûʲôһͺáӵΪѡ
ҪҪȥҽƣȥ̫ҽǰͻ䣬ҹϰߣиʹȥ̫ҽġ
ų׹ǰɮ붨̬һֱؿʲôͲˡ
áӲԽȴŬƤƹ㶶̧֣һץסԲͷ˵
Ҫκ˿ڵģԺҪʲôԡġ
䣬ξһᣬһͷԵϡ
ҹǸ߸߳һײһӱѹڵϯϡð죬ŻعֱۣǱڻƣŻ˼ûӦ
Ӧǻʹȥˡ
лҪ˵ߣӸˣϡ
ֳ֮Σ
ߣȻǣ

06 

պͰͥкţпƾ档Ųӷᣬվ˫顣
ٲ裬֪Ҫȵʲôʱȥˡ˵ԣȻϹҪˣǲֶģǣԹƢŵˣթ£˼Ҳǲġ
ǹǺ롣
ǣֲ裬Ӧĸ˰ɣ
աġ
Ѿͷ˹ĺֻǣ˲Ƶģ
ܣô
Ҳ룬ϽͥϽףȥ
ҹʵѹڵϯϣתͷŴת⣬Ҹ̫˼顣ȴϾȥϵĻϲ
ͻȻʣȴ˵һͺãѾᳵ·߲ˡ
ǣĹ֢
һѪյӣʱпʵòʡ£ȷʵǲΪسҲܵġƫƫ⼸ġĹݱĴϽֻһӰ
ֲãһ̬ԸҪ⿪ۣҲҪܣš
Ȼ᲻ѱ֣Ժ󣬻׸ΪΪڻҪʱ򣬻Ȱүչ˺˵ýѾͷ̧ˡϯǲ˴ĵط档
̧ȥϴקӣͻȻûȥղſʵ
ҴϡҹҲ룬Ӱ˸ЪϢ
Ѿͷ̾ɫǡְ˽ţԵ˷ŵ񻨴ϣʳЬ࣬Ǻýܽʡ
Ȼ鷳ˡһһһﲻ
ģǶľ͡
һ飬˵Ҫڽ·ģҪ˵ĹӡǩѾһˣŸָ㵽ġ
ҹϣɫص˵˯ˡ
ʵڲ񾩸ڰ칫ʱ䣬ܵ˯öľ͵飬𺳣
Ȼľ;ð죬˵ǿ˼ĭ¶һɫӲͷƤǡܷܲ빫һ´ˣʵǹ
ŶңýȥѺӡҹ̯֣ʾľͰ
ľһ󾪻궯ǣʲôʱ˸Ȼ׺̶ֳȣ칫ڹңǴϣ
ҹӶľһ˫Ҫӣ飬첽ȥ
ҲǶһѡ
ǽвѵģǰѾԹɱˣȥø˼סǰϵΣһװĽһצĽưװľǸӡ
ȻǸɰһťӡϽţ飬һһݵأžžžӡ¡ȻóȥľͣϿߡ
˶ľòף߹磬Ѳġ
̫ˡ
ʮĴС˾׺˵Լģѧҵȣûȵ˾ļ̫ӵ¾ֱӳҡ񾩸ãʶľָͣ㵽ˡ
ˡҹСͷֱۣŪȥ
ƭˣĸС˻ŷأ˵ˣûȥ̫ӷĿһһ仰ֿʼΣһ㵽ߣۿҪ޷ꡣ
桭˯ˣ𳳣ҹϽһס˵˰ʵ
һ񣬼̶һЦ˫һģһ춯صϢüŪۣµʽ㣬ѹµľ˾ôˣ
ûʲô˵Щ飬Щ˯ˡҹŽһ£ǣԼãԽԽڡ
ǡ˵ô˯Ĵϡǲǰ˯ˣ̫Ӵϻۺѧʿѧǣ˽£ϲѧЩϰоֻ컬ࡣ
ô롭ҹƤư͵طˡ
Сô룬ҲȥôνиΨ²ҵСħڴԾū㲻֮𣿶ţϸ𣬶ӣԼ棬Ūٳ棬źء
а㣿⼸꣬Ϲ˵ýˣ̤żҲûиƵϵģˣҲһҪôԺõˣȻ̣Ŷԣˡϲ㣬ˡ˵һ˵㾿ô㶨ġ֪ûƫģʲô߰ıݰֿȵȨưϽǰ̰ҪҪģãк𽡭
̫žžϻһ˵ûꡣƫƫǸ֪ˣͰɸ鳡ģʼЦѰӡ
ҹϡﻩһ£Խ˵Խ񻰣ԱɫףЩ˵֮⣬ʼѵ˵Ϊ˵ӣ֪㣬ɵƵģ֮ļ̳ˣȴһȨ̵崿ȥˣٲҪ¡
û£Ҫ۷Ƥӣˮ̣ȴǰͷ֮⣬ʱֻҪȶ񾩳ģƺûм֡
̫Ӿͷ࣬ʱ򣬾;ö룬ձҲƵģҪߡ˵Ǻò׳һˣץʱȥһŹ
ҹȻ֮ãһ㣬Ͻǿ̫Сүߡ
ĺƫҲˡ
̫ߵһѾߣվǰϹϾش
̫ʹӻظŲֲֻŵ¡
ȥ̫䲻ؼңҹˡ
ҹһĺڹ˿̣ѾܹȻأѹԼͷϿˡ죬񾩳Ƕ֪ӸôôˣҲùӵܣ˿ʱԹ¡
˵Ҫκ˿״㲻˵ġκˡЩˡֻһͬʣ˵
һ仰ǸѾͷˡ
ҹɫ٣ڰˡ
ڿԹ˷ţ˵ͷ˳˯
ɻġ
Ծɴ̴̵أĴϣҲӦҲƲѡ
ǼȾ೤ȥ̫ҽˡһֱ׳ŵţɻЩ飬˵һͺôһˣѡ֪һ칦Ѿ۳ʲôּɣǲ֪֪󣬻᲻ᱩף
Ǻǣûа취ҪڸһܣͱһȥǴŶ
һһֻ̫¯졣
ҹĽʣҹҪ˯
ҹ㿪ʼᣬ˯һӶԶĵطأĴܴ󣬻ϸ壻½̤ҲҲϸ壬ߵ̺ؿ̣Ҳϸ塭
ֻҪͬһҡߣһ㣬Ҳû⡣
ţ͵һָ̧ģоһš΢ġġĽء
߰һͨ룬ռĴһˣˡ
˻ȻһۣӦ˼ϢϽתۿ˿޴ʣٵͷ˿űԼֻµԼ󾯾ؿ
ɫڿһаŮɽŮ


07ʲô

㡭ðɣҹˣβִӿš
ԼĴȴ˼һ㡣
ܺá̧һȦָƽأԴΡ
ҹһ߿һһһʮأ飬˸
˳ϵģûж˵ʲôҲûжپɫֻԵͷʾˡ
˵ģǸ¥ӵĶͣҲ䵭
ҹ㿴óʲô˰ոҪӲţˣûȥ⼤Ĺӡף㲻𣿡
ҲȨ֮٣ˡ
ʱѾ룬һѵ֮ɫӦˣҪߡ
ҹּϽʣⲡ֢ô£
вʳڵģȴǹС
СľɼӶסѾгΣƺԸ˵Գֻͷڿο¡ 
ĸûܣ⽲㲻ٸʵףת˻ͷʣ
˵ģҪʲô𣿡֪Ǹħס
һתڴβ΢΢üԻ룬ɴӦš
ֻҪϾͺãҹ΢΢𴽽ǣǳǳЦ㣬ҪһʨӴ󿪿أһزʳȽϺã
Ȣ㡣ͻȻֲһ䣬üۼ䣬Ⱦһ˿οЦ
ҹЦһ㱡˪ϡ
ˣվ
ǰҪһԸֵߵߵܵӸǰɲȢң֪˼üĿ߰ظ˼Ȣɣһ/ףسйճۺģ磬Ϊޡ
ǼֱһȾѩһǵĽ̬ԸմȾ㣬±ǰ̣Ҹ
ǣʱҹԼ벻ͨΪʲôǸ߰ģǰᵭȻ޴档˲棬һ̲סФ룻˿̣Ȼ˲棬ǺܿͲǰӣȼܶ־Ǳ˪ٴΪһڨڨЦ⣺
ܡգУȥδ𣿡
ҪȢ̫ףô׵ġһڽţܹš
ţȹգɽӻˣȥɡȻ΢СˬӦ 
չ󣬰·һˣ¶ôΪ
ȣԹڲǶԼˣͻȻˡδ˸ų
ҵԶС㣬ͻȥ˵ͻȥʱһϢǱţҷм
ҵСӣ˴飬˻صүӸǰڴ±үҲˡ
鴫Ϻȴ̫ͬʵȥʻ˹ҲǼҪ룬һûִ֡˵ǰ˴գһͨʹļ׿ͷȰû˵βҲû취ץɷȥ
ʵ˲»µĵ˵񾩳ֶһ̸ʣµǼ߲ģҵĹ⼸꣬ƵĻҲҳ㷹ȺʶǸеӦģǽ顣
ֳ﷢֣Լ廨ŵľտգһʱû֮ˡͻȻԻȣĳˮײˡ˵ҪݳԳۣᱡֳͷ˿ԼˮͰʾʮֲ⡣
ϻ֣Լûа취˼ͨˡܻ԰תƣվǧԱߣͺ֦ѾһһӻôðǶмղſѽʵԲλ࣬ʼԼľգ޲ñɻ񣬵㻯һҹ
պͰķ֣ͻȻúУΪæ׼̹С²ˣղȥ棬ҹҲȥѰ֣ڼУѱս͵滰ˣȻȥЩ漰飬磬һСɾһ񳯷ͼһƽɳ֮࣬Ȼҳƻֻݼħ
˽ԾãΪݷ˴̼תӡֻҹԼУһ
ʱ䣬ߣûʲôۼȻã⡣ϣͻȻͽԼʾ˵ܣǰãҲ⡣
ʹȻʹЩڸȼҲлᣬȨȥ׷һЩԼҪĶġ
ǰ˵ȢȻ£ʳҼһһּԲеĴڣ޲ȥˣʣµģ
ͷЩ΢ķҲ֪ǰԨһƽɽˮǣֵһԣǷɶ˻һԾ
ôʹһδԼʼɡ
ڵȵ԰ӻ֮գҹƤ˸ڶŷ˺üȥɽͻԼרԼ
ɽӻΣ궼ûӡ󣬴ԼעڳԺˡǽ꣬һҪȥģһһҪŸһȥ
˺üգۿ԰ĻԽԽѤã¹˻ڣʹֱȥʣˣҪĳŵ
ջ˵ʮˬ죬ŵֻҪԸ⣬һնԡӣ˵һĹ񣬾ͿֱȥԼ
ҹ룬ղײգǾհɡ󣬴ƵƵûӻˡȥأö
ȻΪ˵ڶյĳΣտæ˰Ѿͷ湫۷棬ѬһҹȹΡ
ҹӵ޴ԼЩԾԽԽȥˡһεˣȻûйһΣ⻹ͷҹͿʼЩСС˷ܺͽšֳִΣֻһԸ뷨ǸˣõõŮ飬ȻӦΣֻΪ˷ĿڣΪ֮ˡ
Ӱ첻谭ĿҹﶼĿӻ
ΪҲһ¿ˡ
ڶգ˸磬ʰޣҴͣų˸ţֱȥɽ
˰棬滨ưѩ֮գɽѾ֯޼ۣƶԿɹ͡ղٴ磬˳˳⣬иȤζ
ͣɽ£ɽıؾɽԣһ弱ߵ۴
³۾ǷţҹѰˡ
һգеˣ;⴦ɽ·ٵĲ֮ʱԼĪǸѾͷ׷ﰵԴȣѾͷôڣȲӣҲ֪ʲôģ
һԲ張ļƣæµĶ˲ˮ϶ʱߣֱ뿴⳵ˣǺҫ۹⾰ǺεȹˣȻɽΪһ춼³һֱͷֻųԵѾͷų˵ȴ㶾ûų
һֱɽϵĳˣ׷״ظˣ·ߵĲ弣Ҳչˣͣԭֻ㬵ش߾źؼȥ
ƻĺɫɽмžٵճ
ҹ³ɽһ·ӣѰ·һſʢӻͷ˰죬Ȼ󣬶£ͷϥ䣬ˡ


08 ¹

Ӵӹгʱˡ
¹ţ̧ͷϼãҲˣֱж׳ˣӱޣȥ
ɽͻԼǼǵõġӦ˼ңһҪȥʱϵɽɢ 
һ紦񾩸Ĺ񣬾ͱǸʺĽһţگ˹߶һͨٻȫñõıȫԣҵĶҪϿȢӣʮ̫ҲҪ׼Ȣ
ΣҲֻܷӦţòߵ磬ںЩʳϣҪȥɽԼ
δ߳ڹײϴ͵йˣ˵Ѿڹ﹬һȦˣԭǻʵٶִ鷿£ҲϯԼҲҪЯõ˼ȻҪϯġ
ţ鷿ټͨҲһʱʱ䣬ȥɽҲü֪ջʵ۵ľãһʱ֮жңֵ۹ȨζԹ¾ִֿɼ֮УٻЩĳȣ̶ġ
ԣɢɫֳɽ֮ԼавãǸĹһԶûУûɵ˰գ˦ˣ㻹Ҳŭ𣬵ȥʦġ
ʶһɽ£ԶԶָѰǸӻµ͵ͳС˶ʱһʱ֪룬㱡
ĺɫҹ罥ӻ΢΢ЩʢʱĻ֦꣬ͷƮڷϣϸϣУɢڵصȹձϡ续
ȴȻֻܿ޵ġ
ѵüô
꣬ڹкµͥǰӻ¿ޣʲôʱţЩǲˣȻ÷ŵĸоȴȻԾĺ
Բˡƹһصɢȹգɫ֦壬谵ĺɫУ˲̲ϰ֡Сأ׵ǰĵǸ
ģñǸģȷʵ
ҹ͵̧ͷˮһ˸βȴϽǿס
ġ״Լ˿̵ľ
¶ģ׼ͷ棬ˣǣͦأµϣ˹ȥȴӭͷײһͭǽڣһ飿
ǻһ裬ؼһɡ
жӣŻᱻӺӵ̶ֳȡ˵Ҫڴ˴ȺȴûκѶأ۰Ͱ͸ɵڡ
ͻȻðˣһԲ𣬾
濴һ˫ͫ⣬ĺɫһ㣬޲
ãίļӶڷˣͲںһ̫һԸˡ
ǷȻʧ䣬һЦ⣬Ứ˵˾䣺ûϵ
Ȼվֱס飬ٵȥ
ҹɫ¿ӻҲ
վӻ£˫֣һ¡ߵ˲ֱȥסһ㣬ûס
ҹĻ£öɽͷԣԽԽϼңңӦ
ҹԹгͻȻסת˵㲻ÿҡģ飬һؿƿҲ뵣ǣԺ󻹻ԴҪЮ㣬ϲ顣
Ǽޣÿ𣿻ǵ鷳
Ȼһ֮ٵݹĺ⣬Ҫˡ
ǺܺãҲȻϲǣѾ͵˳ûκιҪƤأʩ
ԣӻ£ǸΣվñֱؿϲŭԼĪĿ뿪˼ҹб͵÷ʹ
˰ɣȻǷܡҪе⣬Ϊʲôס
ֻûأٴתɽߡ
ʮסͷȥеý磬Ƿ裬ֻԼĴһûԣˣߣһԼûģˣָ
Уָϣůůһ߼䣬ˣ
ţһֱһ˦ӿˣ
ţֱϱһ͵һۣȴû˦Ĳȣһػ
ȻҹסɫäܲľԲڣֻż˱ǵۻϢ㡣
Բ𣬽ǱټһʱҲʵ˴ţԡ
˵һ룬Դסˣֻܽе˱ô˵Ĵ˵Լ
ղţվڻ£ԥƬ̣ȴһ
ǰ鰮Ҫ飬ȥУһͷҪޣһֱ˩
ǸתȥߵŭӰṣǰһɽ޵˻ڣʧˡ
ȥģĺ
˽˫۵ֵͷȥסļ羱ֹѡ
ҹȴǰй
װģʲôģó
ܹסѾ㹻ȵίˡǿέݰģ˲ֳͷӭ
Ǹǹͷһůͻһ˲ڵһ̣ȴϣȼܶ־
ԹԵվţͷػʣЩͷˮǰ½ϲ䡣
ˣˡᣬһſ޻Сõǿܿˣ׽һֻ߬ڴǣתɽߡ
ߣȥ
͸ǣСƵġ
ɽߣҲǸԲʮѣ񾩵شƽԭԣ΢иܵԶĵطҲԻɽ
ɽŹٵɽԺɽ·컺̹;ɹҲ·ƵزȥҲСʱų̡
ֻ֣ܽ߬ߣһ·޻ɽԺɽŽգſռɽһ·ɽ£ǲԲ
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ҹһƺ«˽ʮɽԵĻʲôûôµӻհˡ
δʳѶǰ󱳣õҹ罥ֱ£ЬУߵýżۣƷᡣ
ЩദԣҧˡԼǾ⼡ܵʹ࣬Ҳֲµۡ
ǧŵһصġ
Щֲֻ䲻䣬۲ۡ˼ƺûɽĿĻϣҲûǣŵϡ
ڴɽУȴ̫Ҳ֪ʲô
ȷɽ£ڶ׵ؿǿԣͻȻסŲתһū
ţҹӦˣȴơ
ĳǣϲСƺЩӼҲϲڳүļӣôǣûˡ
ҹЩˣһ·Ĭк㣬ʲôصĻҪ˵ɡ
ĪҪѵҪ˵Ҫ֣صظԶЩ
һҹͿʼĪĻš
ԣӵĻ˵ʱȴ־䶥˵ǣ
ҪȢˡ
ҹôӣɵһֻ졣
Ÿոճһ˿˿⣬һӭ溮˪
͵ģٴηҲסı仯


09 ޹ϻ

ҪȢˣˣҵСŮ
ӿǰЩ㵵СӲĳѻ˵ꡣ
񳿽ʺ˵ģ顣ʱϷܣʵҲ֪Ƕ˳һ㲻ʮ顣
һѾʮٲȢӣ˵ȥˣұǽţҪĹس붫ִ̫ӵĳôȨŮ;
ԣǰɫ£Сķųֻޣɽ˸֮󣬱عϻһ˨ˡ
ȻȢͱȥǡһˣȴܸԲĻǣͰأǻ硭õˮ©
ŮһκζߣҲܸκϣ
ҹһ֡
ͬʱǸ飬ĬĬأת߿ӵĻúףֲɵ
ǸĪҪپ𣿿ǣŸոչҼޣ׼
ӲԸȢԺǣȢ˱ˣĲˡ
ҹͻȻãЩۡ
ǰˮӿˣˮ˫ǦԶԶŲ弱ϣԣڵȴã߲ȥͻȻһѰϥһӲˤڵϡ
ĥĻۣϥȹǣһģǣһ˫۾ؿ
ҪȡЦˣ߸·߲ȣ
ҹֱ룬ιȥˣǣû취̫ãβȥҧҧǱǰߣձѾͷϣһȳһգǿ
վԶҹת߿Ȼͨһˤڵϣձ˻죬Զ
ʼգԭأ˿˱ҹ紵һ۱ߡ
ĿƹԽԽ¯ˡ
ļ¾ɼҲԽԽױˣҪȻΪʲôͨһˤأ͸ײһײ͵һľ
ʵգӦǿģһȹԽԵϸ񻣬Ưɽ䣬Щ֮
ɾ벻ףΪһ˵͸񾩳оƦһ޳ܡ벻׵ǣȻᰮһŮˡ
ֻǣĹͻ磬͸Ҫָּ˰ɣҵСӣûм˵֪ׯ죬ʺҵŮˣ٣Ļʺ󰢽ôá
ҹ£һȥ
ڣҹ޵úֱֱ˼ҹ׼԰ˡ
ȴ׹ߣʳУ˳ʳСһһˣԵ㶫
Ǻ֦͵ľװŴģųʳ¶ȡֳļĸӣУӷ¥˱ָСϣŴζţʱӯᡣ
ҹƳƳֱͷ˼Ϣ̧ĨĨӹյʪӣ֣ӣ˱ָŵץзʽڴڵس
ոϽӷ۲ʴɹһˮֱߣ׼Ž塣
ɰȴ壬ȼʧʱͼԣζƽʱζ
οǸĶͨҲο˵顣
ણꤣԶɽУмҰﺿУ}ûš
ɽŲۿȥǹδ룬ȻôռɫˣθҲˣٶ˵Ӧл
ҹһ漴ӦԾǰɽǱԺĲҵֲһĵأǣһ֣ټҰ
ʲôڹѧǽаɣЩǴҽɽõ簵ţٵɽˡˣӻǴ
ҹеͻȻһЩһе˱ָͣ¡
һ߷Ըգȥ񾩸ҶľɽԽԽá
δѾ³ȹգͷŹٵɽܻȥ
δй˿̵¸ңпٵķӦ
ղţҲͳһССͼȣǣ֧˿ܵýɣÿݰͼ
ǰţ񾩽⣬ôһȺܣרɴӪһרپи˼ңٲǰЩֵĻ̻̣΢Щӵ˼ңҳ棬±ϡӵ񾩸ץ˺üͷնʾڣȺɽŽ伣ˡ
òƣȺɽǺΪš
Ǿпܣǳɱǵĵ֣ǵӪ񾩸ģ
ȻΪʲôҪߺŶ֣
ҹ÷ţһӵʧǣһ뵽ӺпΣУǴһ£ʲôȼˡ
ֻˡеĻججӣס
ѣһҪȥ
ڣ޴ֻһܻȥ᲻Ͷ鷳޼£ѹûȥ롣ˣǣ¸δսɽˣ˾Ӣˡ 
һɽڵĲԣӵ˩ԭֳЩ
ɽܵǰǿӻ£ȻһȺˣ࣬߰˸ӣɴһ𣬾ͺѹѹģΧһţмĵ߽š
ǵ֮ˣһطڵϣǲǸˣ
ס֣ҹȺԶٵܣһʮ㡣ȻȺ˺ͷɴ棬ֻ¶һ˫˫Ĺ⣬ɨ
󵨿ͽӽˣз𣬲еָⶼڲȴӲߺȵģǵߺˡ͵ЩˣʯͷϺˡȻһλεĴ󵶣һйϡ
ϢԼȺɽû뵽ơһ˫ֿտյŮӣϸվһߣٴƣơ
깦ɽǱ㻺˾һˣأкǣСֻˣ
ȻǰͶԣߺŶֵġܹߣֻô㲻ͨĴ١ҹ㡣
£˰ߡ
һĿĴ󺺣һڵأǳǸкˣϵ
֪֪˭ҹʡ
ֵֻ֪֪ǮǸղǸ˵ˣһ߹ذˣһߴ˳˸߼Ǯָ·ҪǮ¡
ǰΪǮ𣿡ҹӽˡվڱôһȺȻҲ֣һûһشȤˡ
ԸֳҲֻǮƣ˰µġ
ϻеģΪǮƣԴǸıһ߰ӵֽˣһڽĻСӣȥɣ޹ء
Ǿ˵ӣ˶¶
ҲߣǰҲ˰ɣҸף񾩳Ǯġ
ҹ˫֣Ҫ󵽡ȻСӣ벻֪ݣȻ̰ƵСô񾩳Ǯ˼ҵŮ͡


10 

ʱ°ҹѽӽʱ֣ΪԼм
һǴֲڱʯǽڣҲ֪εأʪֲָӦһ°ҡ΢΢ζͷֻж۳ȴ۵׶ģˣǱǼˣͷεġ
ҹǼˣΧͿ⧲ѲڣʮغϣͱƵڵء񾩸⼸꣬áݣȭŹˡͨð참ֻҪӣƤӣٶһָͷʩľͻ˳ȥֶţɱ
Ҳ񾩸⼸꣬ӽִǧ˿ƵϵﰵԩծöȥⲦҲ֪·ú
ˣ̫Ѱġڣһûб
ӸոϣͻȻûԡ
ⰵֻһˣҲϣиϸϸĺȻ೤˯㡣
һڳʪϸˣ̱ǵùζУһЩ޵Ĺζ嵭ģȴ;
ǸҪŮˣ˭ֻŹϲãƫϲײ͵Ļ㣬ÿΣԶʶˡ
سһһֱͷ۵Ҫ
ˣ
ҹǽϣʵ˯ǳһİ̾㽫ѹϽһƤѯʣһֹȥȥǣ֣ǹҵ첲ȥʵʲôҲһץ̣ڱץǰ½ϡ
ȴأûг֣һֻצӹǰôҲ
㡭ҹЦһ˵Щ⣬ǼȵˣѣǣҲһˡ
ʱ˿̣ȻԼ£ܻϸűƱһǵľȻң治˴ĵطýǡ
ǡһκھҪѵ
֣Ͻ˻ͷԼѵˡںڰ͵Цԭʱӵ·Ѿָˡ
ӱ˻Ա죬ĬŶߵĺЦ죬ûСΪ㣿
ǲ֪ߵغˣΪὫ
ҹǽϣȳ˺𻰡ץס½֣أЩʹϾˡֶ䣬ǿ彡ɼʱܹڱ䳱ʪĵ˯һҹЩˡ
ôˣӼ˵׷ʡһŮӼңܴ򽻵׳Կġֳ֮á
ҹʻУŵһ˿ܹ˿̵ĲʣƤǹ𣿡
һαǺã
Ҷ˵Ҹ񾩳ǮˣǻȥթһءұҵҪȥ֥ҶŷˣȥҪǮò˶ãǾͿԻȥˡ
ŷ˿壬ȻǮƷܵͬʱ֪ṫֻҪȺȡƣһа취ҹҹվȥҶľˣ񾩸Ĳͷڣ˳ϣ
ҹһ˵ţһǾãԼһ壬ߵǺáȺ˺˵ǮƣץǺĿģһܣӲһ׮ͼƵİҲӪȵ
벻Լ鼱֮УҲ͵ﱿţ
ɾ̫ЩԽԽ̣Խúǣüۣҧֹסս¡
ֻñ죬˵ӿĲʣԼ׸رǣҹӻ£ǰȷᶨƿ֮
˵Եã磬ǶЩ⣬ҲͷͷǵȻȴҪץˣΪǮƣǵΪǮƵܣͲžдѴֵСĲƫרܵ񾩸ˡ
ʶвΪȻȴҲ໰ˮֻĿһԺţⱲӾЩʲôˡ
Ҽžû룬ץ½ֻС֣ҲȥϣǶָȥסƵġ
ӰЦǲŹκһĻᣬѰŮңôƤɫھݻ˵Ҳϲߡ
ֻǣЩԺԣֹľһּڰѵ鷳һȻܣȥϸ롣
һھԵ໺ĺʵһֶ϶ѹ֡
ץϵ֣ŷøƵģȥ䣬̵ֹˡ˷纮ĸȣǱ졣
һѽŻߵĹڷ˱ģϸӣ΢΢㼤һһط
ǲǺܣŻеĹ⾰ܡ
ȿǽϣˡҹҡͷ˳ӣػ˿
ɽϴ˵磬ڵ˯һĸһֱǿ彡ӦÿԿסġ
κģһůʵĻǼϵİҶϢܰ񶨻ꡣܸоӵֱۣڲϵսϣһһµأֲʱͷĶͷ̵ǰ
ʲô˵ҹܸܵôһЩе֮⡣
ЩңһͦʲôģƤ֮࣬㲻ʲôк룬֪ Ͷβˡ
һֱģ뾹ȻֽŰķʽõԣ֮£ҹЩ˷ܣģ̲סʼһ䣬ûһģֱٳЩʲô
үԭϲСŮӰ
һ𻰡 
ҿɾͲԶˣСӿ񾩳ĲŮأ񾩵ЦɡҹУЩʧ䣬ڰУʲôҲӵɫְȫУ¡
ǣĺϲ㰡֪֪ҴʲôʱͿʼϲģǣҲǲˣǰÿνǰһŹײҪҸ̫ӽС˾ˣǸʱҾͺϲˡ
ɳĬôϡ
С˾ˣóžŤɼǵãҿǴûйġףôҲǶʶǿҲһˣͷûôһϲңһ㶼У 

˵ףģʯͷҶܵÿҪˣҲһûǺңҲ𣿡
ӱңعģֻܽʲô˵ֱֺˣʵǸϵ˾յúͿԺء
ǻеС˶캣˰죬ûһֵĻӦҲˣأͷ/
ǰмɫӦÿҪˣץˣܿͻġ
ȸȣŲɾʵĵط
롣
ڣԼĪһյ蹦ͷǰһʯŲĺ죬һƬ⣬
һʯһ߻λ˦½ףһ֣ޡһӲĺȴǸҹӸɣ
֣°طҲڻ飡
Ӧ˽Ĺߣ˭еϣеһƣվ˵
һεĹӰˣ졣


11 뺷Ů

ʲô죿
ҹһƵϣγܣҲˡ
Ҫǰһ̻Ϊǲǣĸȣǿǧɽ滯һ㣬ôȻ䣿
ϱҲſţһ۴ˣһ˵
ҲǸӣĸߴ󣬷ɫڣ˴磬ǣһǻиղӲ֪ԭˡ
ʱûнӻ̨ףǰ̽ͷһϵҹŵͷ˵Ŷԭ찡
·˵š
ҴڣʦصأͲ»زȥ𣿡ӲĹǻյ˵
ĹգĹս£һĹ壬ǱйǣȷʵǺܼҡ飬֮һ˵ĳ࣬Ҳױ¶١ӻ
ҹ롣̧ȥߴӣƤµѥ棬۽ǣһ·ϣ棬öͷ
Զһ߼һȴ˵ս뽩֣ûãԴ̽ǵ߲ǰʱ䣬ҵѾȡ˾ͼֱ׽סˡ
˵սҪܣȴһñطġ
Ҫˣ߲ͼȴ䣬ֱضͼı
Ҫ㡣 վЦɭȻתͷӡ
ҹһЦȥӵɫˣǾʶʱҲ游ھУʶйӣҲΪ档ֻǣ˵Ľ飬Ҳ֪ж棬͸Ƶģ
ӵһ򾲣ȴǹЦҪЮ׽ֻ̽ѳˣûӪȻȥĵϽĶӣסˣһҪ߲ͼã
㾡԰ҴǰһԡҲǣЦЦ˳˼
ҹһԣ̲סһЦǶӵ˼
ԭȴıϽĹս˧ôһӣӱܣȷʵԳ˧һˣһ֮ģƵǸüƣǣʵʩѶȡ
ЦʲôЦתͷ
ȥĹǧ߲ȥġҹʵأѧӵĻҸ档
ӣˣһղ飬бضҡ˵ľͻѾˡһȺ۵Ĺˣӣ˵Խǧȥս߳񾩸ؽ磬Ҳѡ
˵һ㶣̶о׿ӣת
˵һ˵ԼãҾ߲ȥһȤģ
㵱Ҵǧ֮𣿡ҹŻ̧ͷ
Ҳ񾩲ͷ̽ǵģԳ֣õҹȺɽܵǮƵջѾҶŷҪǮȥˡ
ָ𣿡һʲָͷϣǰֻΡ
ҹãЩõģҹɽ
ֵظ֪˼Ⱥ̰ĵɽҹȫɱˡһһ©
ԭ
ҹͷ㿪ɨ˿롣̧ۿ˿ӣƵģ˿ȥǽĿϢȭһûһأභ죬Ҳ޹һ㡣
ҹһͻȻ̧֣Ҫȥץ񣺡ҵĶ㻹ҡ
͵֣㿪ȥȴһ˳Ƹڵϡ
һɲǣͻȻۣһţͷͳȭкȥ
ӦҲ죬һָ̧񵲣͵طмסٹ˱ѸŤһš
ҹϽǽŲط˴򶷣ͬʱйս
ղͻĬҲ֪ǲǰͷ֮ʣӲ˵ǽʹԼ֪ʲôˡ
ܹϢǱоЩ£ԴɣأԼı£Ҳ̵ġ
ԴߣԴϣ
֪棬жˣǴ˿̣µģֻһˡǣȻ⿪ӵֽ
ݼŵĿɳ֮ӣһץסתĻġ
Ȼ뵽һĵϬ
ҹǽǣǽڣվʱ˿̣ѹ˲ʲôγͷʹңǲ⼤ȫ΢΢ĸȣӸյࣿ
ǰˣѾ·ȭ·ݱ˹ص˺ܡ
ǰϲʳǽıȻҲöЩŵĹĸ׳ƾʤһȻҲߣǶڲֵľٴԱþˣȻԵ࣬ʱȫƾɾ֧šʱʤǣֻҪİ֣ûʲôˡ
ۿһڵϣȭйߡĹӸмڽʲô֣ԼʹѾͿԸ㶨ֶʡ
ҹһ˫ֱܵسǽȥиץӣǽһͷһǸɳľͰһѳͷȥ
һ£££ʹҡ飡飡飡ľͰײԵĲȻר־˵ԼĪǾڱ벻͵ϮҪŤͷһ뺷͵ӣɲת˰ȦӲ˲ӣһȥ
ˡһҹľͰƿεĨߵѪҡҡλεվЩתβȡǾͰϵĸɿݷ๸ղ͵𣬶һ̳ڿУǺһԡ
˫һţһͲһ㽫ס֪ڽס׮ӣֹҡҡ׹֮ơ
ҹ೾ǺţǱԼ˵׺ٶˣδ
ɵúã̧ϳظ˼ѣһ䡣֪ƽľ꣬ƽϢԼ˷ܡ
ӾȻҹֱãáоϵ޹ǰδеĬڳӡ
ʱӽƵϣ˵ĪٶҲͻȻˣҲΪ˲ǣǱҪЮɡ
ҹͻȻãǰδеĿˣҲԵǰɡЩ΢ĸоʵöȥҪȥġ
ӿɵô죿
Ϊʣǳȥ
˵ţѾſȥҹõЩʼˡ
ӽ廨ץϾͰϣһѹ֮ʱغĹˣģ̽ͷ쿴ˡֿӦ˵еĻ谵Ĺ⾰㿪ʼխʯϣҪӿ
ͷ˿ڴĶϵ䵶ذףͼܵĲϣƵ˵˱ƥˮӲһֱĽ񾩷Ҵ㣬ȥʶʶ
·һʱѣηأѾƻɣ顣


12 ϲ

ʱҹãԼǹѾͷǱ˺ŵĽ֦ҶʵҷҰĲݡ
岻ʣѧЩ񾩹Ůģüͷһ˫Ŀһգѣ״ǣû취ôڣβˡ
ҲΡ
ǵΣøӣѺˣһ·ңׯӣȥԼץάƽ⣬Լϵñַɿ٣ͷһ·β棬׼ŻĹˡ
̫Ϊˡ
Уġ
ŽŮˣϸһ𱻽٣ܾͰˣŸȣܸһ·ۣҲģǰһǴ
ȻǾһǴʱѾĺˡһЩǿôУЩƵİӿ
ӣǰϣЮţҹһǰһľ롣
ŲǰǸΣϣһץǱҡУһ·ۣģ뱣Լ֮УȻʲôʱˤ֪
ļҵŮӣЩʶƢܺҵθڣףȷ治ĻңҴȥɡ
ϣͷ­ǡҲܿǰϵҹֽ޷ȴûбڣ̲סԲѣ˿ûʵԾΣС
ޣ㻹ûȥɣδҹѾͷݺݵػ˹ȥǿ֮ĩӲ֮ʣһ⣬Ͼ˾
ιСң㷼ȥƸȢ㣬Σ
Ťͷ­ֵϷԡһԶ֮صӣԭף˵ͷͷǵ
ҲѸҹػػٽͷתһ棬ӣȥǸԽ˵Խͣ͡
ǣأҵݣ˲׾ɱңף˵ǰɣ Ȥ޹תͷ˵
һһɾηסһ֡ǰµĹӵѯʣӵ˵ 
ɱҲ׾ͷš
һΣ˴󹦰ɡЮƣȴΪģ׽˸Ҫʡŵʱ£סĹĴӣʤǧս۳ҡ
Ȼлϸ룬ЩĪķƣǣƾԳʱٳֱֻ֮һ˿񣬾ؿһνְ֮·Ѿǰչ
һǰֱֱͨ߰ŵĹٵͨ顣
Ǵεׯӳڰ¢һ·У˹ٵȺβĹˣòֹڰǵӱԶ޲ߡǣҲͶ 
ͷĵ·Ӧˡ
ľʹˣӦʱԸ˵ĳ֮飬塣
ҹң͵񾩸Ǿˡͬʱٻʳǽ֧ԮͬļҶһ·ɽһҹѰѰʵɽʬ֮⣬
פһ·ڣҪҵǹԥŸʱԶ棬ʻֱԲչسǣĵĲ˼顣
ǸʱĶŵĸˣȻܹ߻һεεİȻ˶ǴЩ˴ŵѪ⡣
ȻµҪһЩ
ǸϵĹ£λеǰʱ̧ͷ˫ۣ˿һȦԼĪǿͣפڹٵ룬·ס˵񲶶ľʹ񾩸ǰӦȫи֮УͻȻһȥ
ľͱǰȥһѡҹץ֣ûܿӵĽĶѪˡڹ˻ûиϹ֮ǰһ¡
֪˱ۼֿ죬ո˷һӣȥͽ˸
ӵǸ˷һСУߴﹾ࣬Ҳ֪ںʲôԼˣҲ֪˭
ľ;ͿЩɵۣһûмôŵ˷ûмΪ
ҴѵõֽýһĽľͻȻϴ飬ȥѰǩѺӡʱòǡڹĴϰ칫ģһΣѽˡ
Ͻ룬ȥ£ӹܵϵ˷Ǹصһ࣬ȴüۣѳݣŭĿ򡣶ľһȭ׼ʶһ񾩸Ĵ˹ء
ȴԱߵϣú׿⽻һ䣺Ĺӣܣɵ
ľͻӳһȭͷ˵Լߣһڣٽɽˡ
ʱȺüĻ͸˹ӴţйŮͻˣһҹ·һҪñ㳵Ѿͷһ㡣
˽ͽȻ͡ڳϲˣѹŮҲ³˵ҲЩۣ蹫ҵ˳һ̡
ɣҲڳ˶⡣Ҳסɫû˵ʲôΨľͣѺĹӣسһ·̲סһ·Ǻġ
нӲۣļ
еˣӦǸˡȻǰֽ̣ű䣬ȫ治ţղθһ·ġ
Щĺˣֻ߽ţȴûļѡգҪǻһ΢ŮӣǸҶ߲ɡ
һŨŨΣһű̺С˶ˣٽ§ڻȥů
ƫƫǻе˶͸һżеέһˤ˹ȥڳůһ򣬾˹
Ȼֿʼûû˵׷ʣ;
ǡǲǰȫˣʡ
šӴ
ǲǡҪˣƤ̧ͷҲֲԲһģȷʵҹԼ
ǡЦôǿҹټҲ֪ôιġ
Ǿͺáǵʣûءҹ˿ʵЩͿˣﶼЩģֻʣһңһΪҪ¡
ȻȥɡЦڲ
УҪȴҹִأ֣һһ¹ϵʣһΣ㱣ܣӦңҪʲôУҿֻɽͻ˽ˡ㻹ҴգҲƽˡһΣְ˴󹦣Ҫôлң
˵ɣֻҪģôСЩϲûû˵ľ
ʲôҲҪֻһ仰һҪ˵滰ȻͷҹԼڿӣ
ţá ѿڴˣʶǲǣ̫ˬЩ
ϲ𣿡 ҹ棬ۣЦ
ӿ糺죬绨Цʣǻһӿں˴𻰡֮ˣôʹӣȻøף
û˵ϲǱϲˡ
ҹ˰죬ҲûеȵֵĻش𣬱ϵжϡ
лҪ˵ղأۣװĹǣҸ𵥻ģʽ

13 ĺ½

ѵĽ飬ǲһ 
ɽգӾȻ
ҹ룬ֳһüģȴĲģҼҲһġ֪̫ܸɣŹ԰òֺˣֱӰ˴˽
ʱҹ԰µǧϣϸߣȹշ裬һǧİǲûԷôƲߣķ˵ˣƲһòС
ͿӴӻתǴ͵ײȹɵЯ棬Цʱһľ㵡
ҹֱǧƫƫľһعͷ߯Ƶػ˼أϽ˫ŵأվֱˣȹ棬һɵЦĵΡ
ڻ£ŵȿ΢΢Ц⣬ô죬ͺˣ
ܣ΢Ĵ磬֪⣬֪οڼЦ
ɡڴϣɲߡҹΣֻʵʵˡ
ŮӶǿ彡ѲɻĴˣ˷кѣȼҩ˯ϼҹЩȺͺˡһղմմǣͻڡЩҩƷȶˣҪѪء
ӲϲҲʵûа취ˡǺܸ˵ġ£׼ͣȥȲ裿
ˣ԰ﾰ²˵˵ɡһһ԰ӵ紺ɫһ߾ܾĺ⡣
ҹϽպͰĵɫҪʱƫֲ۾ȱ۵Ůһȥ
ѾͷɿضΣ԰ֻʣˡȴվ£⣬ؿߣҲ֪ǲڿǽһĨѾ԰оµĴɫ
գڷ٣ü۴һɫؽĴϣ׺ЩɫĲ֦ƣȷ֦ͷЩۡ۰׵ĻŶǣܴܻжϣѣȹơ
ҹԻ̧࣬ȹЩĳǣϵԶЩӭͷֱֱ̧ۣؿ˹ȥ
ֱеıĮҲϲʹֵ񽻲˫̶ͫ˲Ϣ任ûп͸ƺЩǧ֮Ӳ֮Щ˵֮СҲ֪档
һɽ֮ʱãӦǽģǣʹҪ˿Ŀڣ˵ʲôȴʼֻδ
Ϣ򣬻ãӣǧԡ
Ҵ԰һߣҹϽעĿƲЩֺã˵԰Ӿ²
ȴЦҡҡͷֱ̧ǧܵһ˵Ӳһԡ
ҹתһ˫ۣ˵̲סһĲšҪǧĵ£̫ͻȻ͸һ
Ȼһ㣬ȹ˫ץסżأ˽Ƶ
米ϵǹ˵ҪһԽƸЩʵƵҪỺһһµģ΢紵бˮᲨո𣬱ڣ޵ģҹãҡεģǧϵ壬ĺ
ֲղʹʹЩⴺ񾩸˫ڸִӡ֣ǧϣѾܳˡ
δ룬иġ
վһ˫һţһ˫סץϵ֣գֽҡ˼ء
ҹδͷתӣ⿴˿ϣԼ˫ֱյĹ⾰ػ½䣬ǹɰϢԶϮЩסˣ㿪ȥ
θոһᣬȴΪҪȥϽϵ֣ӺһסСͽ§ڻ
һɲǼ䣬ҹƺͷ֦ͷǶŵȻ˲л䡣
ǲҪ˰ɡ
һ֮٣ãȻ⣬Ҳ֮áǣˣһֱǶԶ֮ѽͻȻ׽һ˽ѵ¡Ǽ鼴
ղһ԰ӣЩԾˣ
˵ʲôֱ˵ɡҹ˿˫֣˲ƽأӵˡ

ʯһĳĬȵıϢࡢδڡ
ǣܲרǧİɣһߴԭФ룬̽ġ
Ƶһ̾Ϣǧȴǲ
ǳӱƣ˫ƺѾϵĺëҹͻȻǲġģĮ֮£ŵһ֮ģʲô˵ʲôûУǲһģ翴ȥƽĺ棬ſľ޲ǲһġ
޵ֱƶǣָоƻӦһԸؾҪ롭
գͻ磬ٿˣ⣬ҵ¡ӦþͶˡ˵
ҹȻȥ
ѿȴǲҪ
Ŷϲ㡣ҹתӲһĨЦű͵ľٶһ㵵ӣΪòأһأȻĻ԰ǧ£ͷҲصˡ
磬˻תǣˮۿе
ԭΪһ֪һ䣬ĺ½
Żר֪ŻΪѣ˵ڣŻᴹͷǳţĥǣǲǻȶ·
δüִĵۣӲһͷײһпʵ
һΪıҸ˵ĵطſһޣԽǣ
ʲôʱӹߵģҹҲùʡܸɵúܣȻøȥд˼԰Ĺ͡
ƫƫգֻԵúܡд˹ͣǵܵǰ޾ϸػ£ʵѰЩӡ
ͼӣüŪ۵˵˺ĶҲûȥˮҲûȰڣԭţͷӻ˲űͦΣ˱ȻԼӲǰӻò˼أһأߡ
ҹӻֻȽӷۣͿ֬׼̽ĸڶŷˡ
ıһƽȴи̹ɫûû֮ʱһĶŷ˽ݡ
һ̲ҩģһѰο强Ļ
Ȼ׻Ӧ꣬ĥʱ⣬˵˵ţˡܳ̽⣬ܵһǶŷǰ⡣
Ҽ¾ʮˣҲ˼ˣ֮ͷûղõ飬һլ׸û⡭˵Ů£ŷ˿ʼ̾۵ְ
񾩳㿴ļҵĶɣҶԸ˵ȥҹ˼ҲƴǣظӦˬ졣
⻰˵ãҿļҶɣļҹ࿴ءŷ˴˼⣬ʳڣҵһʣոճλˣл䣿 
ôʮˣϣҹ˻⣬ȴֵֹֹζӿ㣬һ棬Ů
ô᣿˼ᣬӸλأǰ;СѾͷʲ𰡡ŷᣬ֦̰֮ģе㱾ܵ⡣
ҲĪҪԷƱҲǿϿϵ⡣ʱԡҹ˶٣Ц˵Ѿ׼үҵǧˡ
˵õĵģȴǹΪ֮ʹ졣
Ŷŷһһ㶵ģйʰȥүҵǧȻǲżҵСŮܱȵġ
ɣգͻ磬ʱ˶࣬˲źõģҲ࣬Ҵȥߣ
ŷһĿϧʧ䣬ҹܰͰ͵ˡڱˣһ֮һ֮ԸԾţĻ֮£֮Ͷѡ


14 Ϊ֮

ͻգŷؾͰѶ
ʱԼʰͣŸⱦŷ˺ǸСһĸ׵ķ档˵ģŮʻݣȻﲻᲢۣ磬己ĲʶȹβͷͿ֬ĨϷ޹⣬ϻ׹סض졣
żǮ԰ڵòǵطŷУȴŪɳ׾ˡ
İĵģҲͲ棬ǰ󣬴ͷſһȦ˵
ؼȥϵ֬ϴˣԷ㱡۾Уͷϵȫȡ£ӣߣβٰصȹϣϱһ׹ɰɣʰ׵ˣٳҲϵرߵĲ硣
ŷЩɫᣬ߸˵أ˹ĸףתؼһװȥˡ 
Ҳֻͣܽжŷ˷ġ
ʹиأرи԰£һͻ磬ʺ֣뾩еĹӹŮǽͻȻԹۻΪ֮¡
ܱѡЩԶĸߡȻҲûԸ·磬î㾢أﰵʱţȣ۹Ʒζ̸¼ʶȲŻ£ȼ鹡֮һܱ֮ 
ŮȥˣȷûɶõóȵģŮ֮ǰˮܽأȻȥΣܽһھƹĹŮǣȵһƬ
ʶڹرߣҹǸЩִٵŮʹԷԼһ԰ӣȥһ棬һߡ
ǶŮԣһμŵĹо£Ͼ棬Ҳһȥˣʯ̨ͤһ·ƣһͻġ
տǸû뷱еŮٻӰҹ Ͳأ¶𣿡
ʲô£ֻҪ߲ûϵҹյĵĲΪȻӹԱһСŮȥιнеĽ𣬽͸īʳһˮɷǺÿ
ʵҹЩ䣬ȴֲ
ŷŮͻĿģǵйоصڰߣǳ֮ˣϲ˵ȴǱܶԶ֮ģһԵȥһߣ˭˭УԿԼ컯
˵ˣգæأûտһСѾͷҹһͷɫգϹı˵¶Ҫ飬ˣ 
ģˡֻ࣬
ԶԷڣȺ½½ر
رߵˮ̨ϣϯСӦ㣬Ѱڷ׵һڹŮֻ뿪ʱôһյ蹦ʺҲδ
˱ڻǰ£һߣϲֵģƶļ䣬ϲģȺȥͼۻ
ҹڳرߣȥ˹
Ůմӱʱһͷˮ⣬Щζ
˵ʺ⽫ָҡټһңֻһӣ񾩸ЩΪֶ˵½һ׮ͣҪ붫ִˡ
ܸ̫ӵľ˼һΪò˫ȫˣȻ⡣׼ˣͻ磬һøʺӡ
룬δʺλȰףָʹŮ˵Ҫ˵仰
밲ʵһ·ˣ񾩳Ůĵ䷶ô˵̫á
ԣ֣޽ˣʲôҪ˵ģ
泯ˮһ׶ιųнһĵأͷͷһ񣬰ޡ
еĲãЩǿôײ𣿺ôҲλฮǧ𣬲ңõĽҪλĳءôش
ֻǣӸѧģãԸϵĺǷ񣬹ͷάŶׯ΢Ц
֪˼ҹ¿ھ˺ӣͷĻˮ˵ĸ⽫ף׽ãæó٣ˡ
̧ۣڰֱ롭ա
˲ŻϧƷԲ˵㡣ҵϱиֱյģ
γԣ ãͻ裬н𷭽ıˮȹգ̲סԷʡ
˵ҲЦиӣܵҸҼڲ˸ţ˵ɱǧ޵ģҲֻǽһգ͸ˣûҪŮֻǲСĴİһ⣬ͿԽ
е֣תЦЦƻ˹յأͻȻЩ˵Ļ
ɫһһʱȲฮլأΪܱ˻Ϥ־ʹԷ̸أֲ̫⿴˿࣬һԷ̵ĹŮվԶˮҲ밲ˡ
Ǹ·޴СѾͷҲͲʮɣ˳˵ҽᣬ˼Ĵҿ̾簡Ǻǣ˵Ҫĸ֪¼𣿡
ҹɫʼĵأЩЩŻ
Ҫ̽˼ҵءȨ֮ңļûЩù£ֻƽʱҶֻ۱ֻۣղѡȥ˽Ȼܹ׽Ӱ˳ϵ̽
̽׮Ű֪λฮǧҲ࣬Ҳ´˺֣׼ڽյͻϣ׽ŪһλﲻһŮ
أڹգĳĸϲ֮ˣֵò⣬Ҳ͵ʲô֪ҲȥĸǰҽͷһҪ޸ףɾͱҲϿˣϽǱ㸸μϽԼͽ
ҹһѻһͼı˵һصڳرߣأȥߴ̨ϵϯȥˡ
ǸˣȻף˽̣Ű֮׹λҲܼġôֻ˰⣬͵£ɡ
һӿˮĵĻ̿С⣬ɹŮţ˸̨ϯ
ʱʺ񣬰𻰡
ǵĻѡʺǰȥϸϸЩľګñ׾׾ӣÿΪ֮ΪڲߣӿŶǾӨ񣬾ôȤζضʺʻͣʵҪЮʾء
ϯ˽սĽǰ裬н»۵ƵĵģʺôƷ֪ϵĲǺζȽǰ̵ģŽеƵȴǿġ
̧ͷȥɲ豭üŪۣңףֻҧݣһζ¸С
ǸĹŮ߿յĵյ֮ʱСͷһæʱû⣬һŷӦ˵ˡ
ǸŮ˳ͷմʲô֮ය֮̨Ͼǽط׷ɡһһֻ۷ͷߣȦתתȻɴЪˣţһֻֻֻüֻתƶ
ͷȥѰǸղŻ߷̵ĹŮȴѾˣųյֻһŮ
ǸĹŮͷ״Ͻ̧Ϸ棬СۣѸߣȴֲĴ·βˡ
ǣæҵĹ⾰˵ߡʺ˵ĻҲˣ߿
𶯣
ͷöðһ£סȫַɿشһƵ絯ץ˰ϵ裬飬ͷһҴ򣬴εңͷɢ󼸷׼ͷأǼֻҷɵķ档
ͻϵСˣϵˮɽ豭ķ籩˴ţէէ
ƽ֮ʱɢͷǱϯ䣬˶ֱӣ׷תͷȥֽкã˵Ӧ죬õ۷䣬գ 
δйƴǣֻЦ˵ƫͷҲЦЦԼл˼
ֻöҫЦǣٴҧأˡ
ʳʺﾫдżȣȴζͬǳֳֹЩ߰Ķȥϵ̲ģҲͰˣҩкҩ֮࣬ǿɾˡ
ʶԸŶӣҲԸԡ
ʺϸģʳصع˼䣬ҲֻӲͷƤЦֲ磬Ӳ˻ʺ･䵭ȥĿ⡣
ϻκΪأʵΪдĴʼһȻҲҪǿ߹һδľ塣
ͶͷתǲΡΡľϣͷλε⣬Ƥ²Ե貺ˮһҫʱۻңҡΣۿҪˮС
˿棬ۼֿ죬һסȴסһֵֻ֮һ㵸˰İȻˮˡ
Ӻб֮ʱһƨرߵϣ۴
֪ǰֽţҪѿȴҺԩ֣ҲǼе飬ܹ
ѾϻʺµرȥϴʱˮܣݺᣬŻʺȹգʧ̬شߵ
Ů뼴̻ؼȥ


15 

ӽʱϻκ
ʺͻ磬ǲ̯ӵģصػɫۣһ㳣£һݣʵͻĶˣŹ
رߣԶԶײһĻ
һˮܵǱŻʺȹߣʧޡ
Ӿи̾ͻͳЩĶǣ涷޵顣
Ļʺ梣ׯ纭һسŪʪȹգһƽɫһº͵ùŮʧصĹȥϴ£Ը׵תͷЦӯӯأкϻ˵
Ӹ˴ֱҹԣЦȻѵٵʧǣҲֲֻղˮĹ֪Ļİ梣ʵѾǵùɨˡ
кУˮĿƵᣬ沨⣬ٿԶĹҵˮľҲǱһƲʡ׳ʡ
ԷؾдҲûȥ͡ģ̸ģɵģµģͽģ԰ڵģиæ
ʺȻģݵĹŮڽϣӵм䣬ЩЦȤò棬ü䣬Ц
̧һ֪ƤڴǰһŮءͷƣ˵Сϴô򣬾͸û¶һ㣬ֲֻˡ
ڻʺ׽̴ùãǸ˶ﴧĦ˼˾˸϶һ߸һյۺʶһ߸˵һ䣺
֪ղˮǹӽղ֪ô¶Щʧǡ
ӱ֮һЦ̴Ҳͣ߿һǶĥ˼磬Ҳ룬ֻ˼⣬׽յˡȻɸղŴʱʺ󾹲˵˻ҲᡣҲ֪ʧǣĻʺ󰢽㣬Ƕλүǧϲˡ
ͻȻĪ졣ϲźãգʡȥΪߡ
ʱظ̧ͷһȦˣʶأһˡֳϣȱϯģʵղϴʱˣֻѿҲͱȥơôֲˣ
תͷȥѰ͵ؿοջ⣬ͷװϣӭĽС˶Цء
ůɺĲ⣬м˸ӳĵǴͷ֮ˣޡɷ
Ȼһֱõﶼڷ
ƤȳǽתջˣֹͥڵĳУȴùصģԶԶģô˵ƫƫֿΪ֮Զ룬֮ʱմøƻ
ħˡ
˰ʺȥʱ̨̣硣
ɢʺŰӽеǰ飬˵ˣ˵ǶԴ𲻹²ءɸͷϣҲŵСˮҲ羪֮ʳθҲѣҲ̫á
Ȼʺ˽ۣүСŮľګнСƴԵǰׯ磬ҪͥĸЩԵҲ¾ðɡ
дãȴӦˣΪ˵ʲôʲôɡѰ˸æĽڣ˳Ȥ磬û¡
˼δԷſڣֲͣ˽Ųת̧ۣڳر̨ͤ԰зѰһѰǸһֱˡ
ʱԷߣ󣬴ȥͨģۣҪҸˣʵЩѣӾĿһɨǾͽǸվںĻµӰ˸š
ǱȻ˶ͷۣһ޵ĳ˵רİɣиӦһͷ㿴ָϽŤ԰ߣڶƵġ
лȻ飬һ͸Σϸ벻ãôˣղȴ˵ЩСһĴӦ䣬ӦƤ¸ģܵиɡ
˿ҹѲ˸ϵԾٲС׷˹ȥȥʸǡ
첽һΣȴӭͷײй̴ùãλļĹùãղžڻʺߣ˵£Ҫųģô԰ߣ
̴ùḮľˣ梽£Ҫġʶ˵ǰӣļơ
ȥҸˣЩӺ㼱ƹǰʯС졣ɾɲӦ𹦷ҹѾӰ
ӸϽһͷƵĻ·ȥѰһ·ЩĿĻԣСײЩ˵ĻģŭĿ򣬻װµأ˻ԡ
һ·ҹȥڰʯСľͷһʯɽϵĴҩԣĨڵϵɫȹա
ɫؽ࣬廪󣬷񾩣ƫֳײ䡣
ͷβʱ׽Բ𣬾С壬ȴסǷװֻҪˣΪ˿
ӿݸƶҩ˭зЩ׽Ū˼ֹʩʩȻйȥֱ۽ɨҶ΢΢̧ѥĨȹϡ
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һųϵ¹⡣ҹתŤͻִԼûͷûԵģ̫⡣
Ϸ¥ȥӹһЦعǣ֣žߡ
ҹ죬һϡЩԾԶǡ˵飬ǵɽ͹ҲҪȥġһѣԷĿڶ֣࣬ǲף˽Ų֣˵
Լ߰ɡ
ֵƳһۣĪˣСȴ΢ЦȻСԣʳա


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Ϊʲôϲҹ˿ʳ𵽡
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ҪҪһ㣿
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˵ʲôҶϲӵǻ֮⣬ȴ̫ϡ
ҹֻãߵĺȻȸղľǽ죬ҪĶǡһϲţˣĪǱľɵ˰ɣ
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飬ǲǴ˼СڵңǶŮô±ҲմЩľӦ޴󰭡Ǻ飬ֻűѹϵСӣһ˫ˮĿǵ磬ŭĿ
֪ײľǽǺ̫ҿ˿ϵڵ


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һֱֻԼеı͵ģһֱڱԵֵúࡣҪʲôඥĴ̼ҲҪʲôʹ𺳣ֻҪһ֮һƣͻ̮һ顣
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˵棬ʲôʵڡ
 
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ֻ֪֣ûѵĻᣬֽ׽ˣô̴̵һ·Ӳأ߳˶ҹϵһ羰޶ĿҲûһ˿
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Уҹϡߵˣ˵úݾ౻ץ
ҡҹЦ˵֮ã㵽ףͷȥȴӲûпԼһĿԶŵƻɺ֮أ˸
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ǻ谵ֽǴͣһҹڵ΢ƣ¶һֻ֣һˣһɫؿӡ
Ǹˣʺߵ̴ùá
̴ܹùñϹϾڳԵģҲ룬ֵֻ֪˭ˡ


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ҹתͷżһΣ͸ǵĮüۣһֱڲصĿһ϶Ͳת䣬ײǽݵִ
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ҹաողµĺ׳ѾԺµģ磬ʺĸֶΡ
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С̫ࣿȡ飿ҹüʡ
ʼҹݸ⳯ǼɺִѧʿֵģΨԷ¸ǲظƽʱҲţҲûĸС̫࣬ҶԿŽȥȡ顣
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ǸС̫࣬и㣬ʲô𣿡ҹԴǸüζŮץ˸ؼ
а˵΢⵶ţһǸ֡ͷ⣬ٴͬԼжϡ 
ҹȴ˲ɫſڵҲ͵̧ͷ
⵶̫ӵС
ӷ̫ʣȡô


̯

ϵĺɰأ
ҹűߵնһۺֻͻȻȹϿտҲ񳿣˶Ļ壬ֻ˸˿ߵĺɰŽĹҹǵá
Ŷ⵶Ҫȥˡ˵͵ѡһ˵ţһ߻һСʲǰһ˫ֵҹأ֤Ҳûƭҡ
ʮŮֻţĵ飬Ǳƭⲻ֪
⵶磿ҹѧŮĽҧظ̲סЦֲһƤٽӹʲһļһƤͻǲ̫ӵĳ𣿰覣ͷҲ֦⵶֣һӦȫ
¶ֻǸȴ֪СɱʾݵҪ
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˴ҹҲͲˣҲٶ˵ʲôһеƾ⡣ּʱ磬򷢶ؼȥ
ת֮ʣҹյ׷Ȥ»ȥĸ㣬նʶЩҵĹӰ˵˭ҲûţʶһС̫ࣿ
ŮһЦͷƤصشˣˣڶŸȥ
ʣҹһƫųַ̾ѽЩӶ鷳¶̧ͷܡ
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棬۹۱ǣǹģѵ롣
͵ľӵܣ檳ȺŮϥˡʺᣬͣȴ͸ɭȻ档
ǡӵͷӦţ޶ඥײÿһΣǲĿףΡ
ʮ˵󲻴˵ССͣյӹţֺе竣ʮ㿪ʼͥӦ꣬볯Ϊ٣˼񣬲ƣȻꡣ
ģúܺãΨŮɫƬҶմ
ѻ£Ϊʺ˼˰죬ǽвʳնҹܵܣǫͣʵһͷţ
ǡӦȻ޶⡣ƣɹģů֪ԡ
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ǡЦСܣҲ֪ȴ̹ˡֹͻһħʱҲʹģ֣ȻֲԼģܲԼ֡
ʺסˣ̧۶񣬷·ҪʶһϤֵܡĬϢڼžͣԼһЦһһ޿κε泩΢΢ҡͷƵƵЦ
һأԶ̴복һġ
ʺҲ
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ȻЩش֮У֮⡣ʺΪӼ˵ǣҲϲϡҵĶɣиҪĵڶŮ˽ԣȻƫƫʲôͨ͸ֵܣŮϣһͷȥˡһԤأͻȻͳ̯ơ
أǲǾ͸̯ˣ
ʺͻȻЩ¡ҵ̯̫̫ͥӵδ·̫Ҫʵϵİ֣ʥ˼ڴˣ˵䣬ʹЩ⣺
ǰЩӣĸ׽˵ߵúܽһֻķԷ㲻ʡ֪зִ磬գ̴˵СŮӳˣһţδ룬Ǳײ˸ţ㻹ж£ǲҴţƤҵģ
㣬ĪӼųԽ˵Խ죬ѵõļ̬֮ϽȰˡ
ʺһ٣ָ̧һļ䣬һܿͶֹ˷ϻɴʵ 
ֻ룬һءҲ
𣬾Ͷơʳ˯ߣǣ֮ܿơҵĵӣ͢ĺù٣ʵ۵ĺݣܿơ
ǣΨ鰮ɹǣƲˡ
Ͼо֮򲻿ɡʺ˿ȼ˼йط绯ģʡ
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ҹϣסԭ֮ǰΪ¤ҾһĺѪͳ׹ݼף㽲翪šȻȢŮʺڳҲҶԡ
Ҷɣйʺ˵ҪйжְȢ˹س
ģҸ飬һҲѡ밢ҲһЩϢ֮϶ʱգջѰһȫ֮ףİҪģʲôҲԼģʲô
ʺĬˣ޶໰ѵ⣬ٹȰҲû˿ͨЭ֮⡣
ҲʡĬ
ϡԶ춯ߺȣС
Ҳ֪˶ããôϢʺڳ
ȥҪعˡ
ӱ³ȥ
̾ϢУףļ÷һΣ
һ跨Լ꣡һ˸䣬ϴ𵽡Լģ
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УÿνĪױʣֻʰɰá
оĬӵ˼ϢΪˣҪӡһֻͻȻһѶӣط£ͬʱ˦һݺݵĻһֽ
ӾЦˡ
Ц˿̴ϳ̣ݳֱꤣԶĽҲ£ӵԶȥ֮վڣҹɫЦţ簵ҹ꼡
ĳ㣬ô߸ϣׯ磬ģþֶΣֻҪ΢һǸ࣬ŭ뺷ĽŻŮ
ֻİ㣬ŻὫıģղΪ




ҹΪչ󣬻ʺܿͻȲġ
ٲãҲ֪ĸһ̹ܽܽԼŮ
˭֪һ˺üգûġûйĴ٣ҲûŭҹԽĸΪ̽һ̽ƻ׷ڻʺͻϣеĶɣûеĻôĴУɵüӰѾģºδ޷ݣһʶġ
ɴ˿жϣûûΣ欶˵ĸϴˣƺѹ֪顣
ӲͷƤλȥ˺ţǰԼӣԵ̬ȶ֪ʺﾹһĺɫȰмӣЩлյ飬Ȼֲֻᣡ
ǣҹʱĶ콹ˡ
֪ǸðķأǸüӱСģʵҲԣ϶ǺߣʺӺ󹬵սĻ
Ǭv۶ɫ󹬲Ůǧ֮λģȴֻλһλǻʵǱʱھ͸ߵ檣һλھеŰаԵĸ
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ʱҹŶ¡ǵʲôֶΣѹסЩǧĵǣһֵʲôֶΣܾ׼ֹЩǣ̥
˵ʺҪԸһֻϻסƫƫ˼ûбֳһҪԸ˼͸ҹʳѰˡ
£ֲ˵ĥ塣
ôЩӻˣܲͷ𣿡°ͣҵϸһóΪĽۡ
ûҹʸڷϡֹӣʾԼӷǰڣ˵ʲô£ʲôںģʱ¶ӣɨˣ£
նͨǸ﹫һ꣬Ҳʲô˵˵ǵϯϽʹĥƬ̣ͷƫˣ̷ĸ׵ȥ
ȻʱҲҪЩԼͱǲ㴰ֽӶ
磬ҹϲڴС߿顣ڽϿˣֱȣøްĵ뿿ſǾˣ͸ɴ໬ϯϣôͷſɢķӣܴЩʱ⡣
ͷлСΣ˵Щʹлǣƫƫ˼Ҹǻõˣ治̫ὲЩ͵л˵ҹ֪νӻ˴۵С۵˳εġ༸Σֵӣϲģˣ䣬ϲģͷװơ
֪⵹ӵ⣬ʡЩ׾ࡣҲװģڶˣֱС磬
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תͷȥߵˣ˼Ѿ޸ۣüչȾϢ೤˯ˣ
飬Ͻ۾񾩸۳
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ҡҹ˫ЦӯӯͫͻȻֵˡ˵ǰ㣬˵һЩ֪ȴСǳԵҪҹ
˵꣬ȻӵҿˣҸ£ϢУݺݵؼԼԽԽȥˣ֥ݶȥŮô˵˵ĻҪˡ
Ҳ֪Ǻα飬δкֻһ˫ƣϣһһµذ
жشǲ
ҹӲͷƤ̧ͷȴѾЦü۲ãȤôż𣿡
ҡҹǺһϲ͵سӣֽţȥҪԶˡ
ƬƣԽԽŨǣڻʺָɽѹЮŹı֮ǰܵʲôɣ٣һɽ꣬ŲձһƤ
ۼֿ죬һѽסػƵģǴ꣬סЩ鶯ļԽԽݣǽڷһѣ˫ԵˣŸ͵͵˵˾仰ȴֲӦΣֱˡ
ҹǵϯϣһͷƬ״ӵĽռš
ֻ˸ղŵĻĻϵӥһ㣬ԺһȦһȦ
˵ǣ𼱣ҪȢģҡ
̰ˣֻţѵģԼ¶ˮԵ͵ҲԸ⡣ǣˣΪʲôͻȻ˽棿ͻȻãõã̫á
СʶӣѵǼٵģ˵ʶӣǼٵģ
ץͷԴĿڣ棬Ծ޽⡣
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ڹּ⣬ٹ̽ʥ
ģμͣʥݣǴϣȸճˮĺ⻹ɫǻһ˿ѪһͲնż
ҹ֪ԼģȻ񣬱ܵʶԣʱˣʲô𣿡
һʱʱ룬ʱֲ֣ǹ磬ͨᴫȥ𻰵ģٹһʱűҪ㡣 
·أͨҲûģ㺰ŮǰȥЩл̫Ӷ⡣
̣ǰĴ£׳ȵġ
Ҳ˵ʱ㣬ʵ۸ǰȥضʮ֮Ҫ£
һɢʲôӻľ£ȥ飿
ͷҪɺˡ


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֮ģ֡
ʱ̰ᡣûʱõõˣҪһ㣬ٶһ㡣
ʱȴǳʳ⼢ưֹʣ̫ˣŻ˶Ǹ
ҹ֮䣬շתǻ
Ӳۿʱî˾Ҫȥǡӵڻʱʳ֪ζҪѭ򽥽ȻͻȻšһ˵ҪȢ֮ʱȴҪˡ
һֵǷ꣬룬ߵĵز
⵹Ƿһṫ磬ȴӵ;
Ѳɣʲôʱꣿ
ҪȻΪ׸ˣ׵øƵģȻҧ˭뵽ƽЦ᲻ö೶ǵˣӱž̾磡
һӵ꾪̾ŴǵƤ̣һ·ֱ˴ϵ鷿
޹㣬䣬ųľϢ鰸ϸ߸СɽɢֽīζʵСɽ棬飬Ϊʮһա
밲!̧Ž˵ţֹűߣߵ
ˡʵҲСɽ̧ͷֱк
ҹߣü˳Ŀ¡
ôˣʵ̧Ƥֻһۣȥӡ
һ㣬ÿҹЦڨڨ𵽡òżһΣһ۾Ϳı仯νĿ棬˵ľ˰ɡˣΪλֶκйģ̫Ѳ⡣
ָĸ˻ˣʵ̧̧ۣڴһ£ЦŮǸ񾩳ӵ竡
ԼСҧġҹ΢΢̧Լ߱˱ȡڻʵӵƤ£ʲôҲزסǣϻǵ˵Щ˴ŵļٻ
ʵ۱ӣ̧ͷ΢΢Ц⣬ȰֻǣǻĿף׳֮ˣҲڲס̧ü΢壬βơ 
Ҳ΢΢Ƿ쳤ӣƫͷϸϸضƬ̣̾У
ʽҲˡǲ˵һͷǾҲʤӻ˥ϡ
ǰ¿ǰʵ̧ͷüģ˳Ļһ̾Ϣ
ɱȨһ˵ͬʱҲǧΣѹһ⻼ƵƵܲҹܲ˥
ռٶöǣڸǰܹɣԡ֪˼ʮ𼱺ɲǵΪ˿ݣҲΪĻơ
޳˵޵ŮУūƴģƽ⡣ʵһЦһߴӰһ飬ݹĹ飬ʱŵģͣս͡
ǹ֮ϲظʡҹһЦ˵һ߽ӹǽᣬʱͽ飬Ǳһس䣬ҪȶΪˡ
ĹսһࡣĹսͻϮƲ󷨣ݷأļϣȮʤ˫۽˲ƣú˳־սͱ˭ĹܸۺĹڱսϿ壬ˣȷǼĵϲ¡
͵Ĺ飬޷Ǿ̸ͣսƳɹסĹԳԾӣʵΪֳĹʢ뿥ΪʣľƥʳΪͣͷűѺĻʳΪȢҹ֮ŮΪŦ֮úϡ
͵ĳ·ֵʧһЩʲﶼѷŲµľƥʳһҹ
ʱûпҪǵĵط
ҹɿеͷϽᣬŻϡһƽЩϲɫȻе˫֣Ѿ΢΢زָʹס
ūԸ⣿ʵȴװɵ㶵أֱ
˵ʲôסҹܵأų⡣
׵ĹȥĹʵƣסˡ
ǻûϳһҪ𣿡ҹƤǿЦţһ˼·
ĹĹյӲͣս͵󣬻óϣȺ˲㣬ĺ̸Լһּۻ۵̸Сһ̸úãĹ˾ãȢҲأ
Ĺ˽թƳ׹Ȩ֮ƣΨףЩȹԼ֮Чʵ̾͡
ʵýͣҹҲǱߣŵĳƳͣͣЪɸ꣬һңв֮Ȼ󣬺̸ЭУĹԼףҲǳĳģӲһǡû֮˵ô̸ã
֮ŮһǵҪǹֵأѰһпɳ֮ҹϻ׼ˣδ޵Ůң࣬һ⹫ãΪʲôƫƫ
ΪĹôƭʵĿ
ֲֻжһˣǹҹڳܲסҹϵĹССʮ绨񣬱࣬Ϊʲôƫƫ
ǣֻ㣬ʣʵ۵මȻǹĿһ΢
ҹŭգίһᣬͻȻӿӨỨĿ˸ģУֿʵ۵۽ǣƺҲЩʪ󡣶ʱ־
ūʵЪŭһ̾ǿ֮ŷϸϸ˵ǣ޵ͷ⣬ĺ̡ĶǣشĮ֮УտȣտຮȥĹҪ٣ŮҪĹʵۣĹ֡ʺջڿ㣬ǿ彡ǣŹңһ䣬жǿȥս½ġʵ벻㣬޵ȺУ˭ܵ˺Ρ
νֶ֪֮˳ˮۣƶΪʪ֡ʺĿޣ̫ʱȻҹѾϾȥϸ룬ʺǡĹǰϦڻʵ۵ӣ
µǣʵ۵ɫĿֻѾô˵ʲô
ҹȷʵӵĻңôһġ
˵һ޹εĲ֮ˣĹ˵ҪȥթĹúܲҵġ
˵ҲˮҲ񾩸ѣǧԶ޿ຮأѼĸˣҲ
˵ɲԲޣȥ֣귢УвУһĨ˲ӣвУ
˵ǣˣڰˣһʱǰ˵ҪȢȶ绨껪һѲ׵ˣųһ鰮ζת۾ҪᣬԶ롭Ҳḷ́Կ
Ȼֻδڡҧأᣬߵͷˡ
Ϊ׷˵ӣū£Ǹ㣬ίǷʻġ
ҹȫҲΪ⡣Ϊĸ׵ܾܾҲ
ֻӦˣϳ飬кԼ̸֮ʵ۽ͼ֮ɣǴߴ
޿ɷȴǲԸǣֻǷһŴߡΨһʹһСˡ
кԸܸ˵׷ʵǽίǷϣ˵ľ˼طһЩ
ȻοڣҪģ˵Ҳ޼£ģôҲⲻпͣűߣøӰӣɱŤسĬ
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ҹתߵͷл
Ҳգĸ׵ԸǸһ¥λ֮ףҾ˾˵ĺ־ս൱ȼ硣
ȻЩʵűߵٻ
ҹڹаɣȥһĸĪ֪
ٴ֮ʱʵ׷ϸ·Ը
ϸľɷȷǣȰĸס


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ҪȥµǸҪװϲɰʵ׵ĸȴҪװʲô֪
պ¹⣬Ǹ¥ǽŶгӭһҹ磬Ƿ裬ƫ׹΢ִŴפ͸ʲô׷һ㡣棬ȴҲ໰ֻϽӭȥӸ
㣬ѬʳԣǽˣҲռɫأЩ£ԹЩһ³ڵͿ
ȴδţֻţúöϵ㺹һɷţЦ˵ȽͲһȥٸ°ɡ
ȲȥҹͻȻ˵
ǡҪȥ˵ѿһʣδڣѾԸȥʤҵ
յתȥĳȥȴ̣ǼԣŸոռҪȥĻ𣿿ɿɫģֲ̫Ļɵ£ɲ˵Ц鶼ûС
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գ˵Ĺƣͣ˲أӪս˺üգʹǰ͹顣Ƿ꣬˵Ĺʵױд͵Ĺ飬Ѿ˾дѶԭⲻͬǸʹһ𣬻ӵ㽫Ϣͽ˹ʺ󴦡
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ҲԵͻȻ˿ɫ£ȸ£Ϩ˵鰸ߣƿȣȥһҹžʱͥԡʲôɽȻ¾飬Ӧһ㡣
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ڴȱߵĻԣվŸЦٻεĹװŮӣժŰ˸ߵҩҶ۾ȴӯӯؿҲ֪ʲôʱģϢɫȴֱɫˡ
ôˣ˿᳦˽ᣬϲÿҪϢȴ̲סҹģܡ
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ÿ˳ૣֽŴ»ϸϸ˫ͣ䣬ԥҪſǱЩ
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δʳöҹĸУʱ˵أСǹɲһˮġ
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ˣǱϣҳЩɡҹۼ⣬鰸ϵʳ롣͸Ͼİ״룬δƵƵ鷿УɢЩӨ⡣
ˣһ߾һ߳˽ƣҪȥЩʳ
ϲġҹ֮ʣһ￪ȥߣ鰸ߣŴӣǼᡣ
ζӳ£ѿﻹ˵ʳȡǿ彡ĮϵĶǶȥõˣҪʳô
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ôô𣡡ҹһˣ̲ס̾ӯҲ֪ˮǱζǺġζҲǺĻΪӵܣӿġ
ף㲻˵㲻ϲζĳʳ𣿡һ߼ʳּ˼ӣһ߳Ǹһߣأƺʧ˷Ӧˣ¡
˸ʧ˻һ㣬ԣֱֿ̰Թӣֺ¼ʳ֮ʱڣ߹˵һѶе룬Żذϣ̧ԣݴ̽࣬ѰҹҪгԻһűŤС΢΢⣬ȴֻЩᡣ
ãų࣬ڻ÷ԭίһһ֣˵糿ĺģϣض೤᣺
ʳֵ꣬ġࡣ
һǧԡ
ҹϢĥζڣ϶ٿб
£㻻ҲƵģڽţ棬̽ȥͷ­ĥ䣬ҧ첢˰죬ȴʼղþСȭʼϴ
Ψбй˿̵ģԣĳȣʹ
ô࣬һֱسУճ׷ˣΪʲô˵ô𣬲صôŸһֱڡ
ҪԶУСҶȫ壬ˣΪʲôƫƫڹϲų̹ףһҩϵ粽Ը롣
ȭϣЦޱⷬװͻȻͣ㣬ǵþķ˶һ䶸
ףǡ˽ɣ
أ޷ˣᶨЦ
лҪ˵ۣղأװСʹǣ

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ţá
˽ôֻ˵Ǽ黰Ӧ飬ģ㺬Ӧţɱࡣ
˵ġҹϣأٴǿ˼
Ҳ˵ġ˳ȾζЦ⡣
ǡھ߰ɡҹƤ֪Ǽ٣ȴװ棬һŤ䣬Ҫ̾ߡ
ҹߣ߲ˡ
ţ߰ɣȥĸϣҵ޷ӷ֣ǰһţȴĻϹա
˿̾˽ϣȻϷԣΥŵˡ
ҹȴһЦ˳һǧɽ˿̾ȻԵϷˣǺЦüۣȻ͸ŽȾߣȻűһײȻ
ҹפ㣬ͷгӰ룬Թ˵ǣǣ岻ڣȲ֣ʮָմˮ˽Ļġ
뷨ǣ֮Ī޴ȥνУ˼ģǣӡ
ӻΪУ
У
ΪУ
ν𣬽ɲǼ䡣һģжҲͳˡȻ纣㷭ӿһһǰˣԥǰ˾ͱɳ̲ˡ
ţǾͲ߰ɣʹʳҹأһӡӲ֪еķӿȴԼִ
ᣬ־ʱգȻƴһýȢûʵİõ˽ôǱ⣿
ãҹһ仰ůᶼӿ˳Һл谵һʱУ˻ɻŽˮ½ϲˣ־ûЩԺеıң
˵Ҫ
֤Ϊ
Щҹҹֻǣֻ֣鷢ˡӽЩԶ˼·ʻԿһߡ
ʲôʱʼϲҵģ
ҼǲˣҲûпʼҲϱӡһֱǡ״Σ֪
ŶΪʲôһֱңصͷ׷ʵ
Ρ
һߴһ߽ᱧ߹СϷˣҹģ˵ա
ҽǰе°ɡС˶˳ӵߣ̸˽ŨȻЩΡ
Ӳ֪ôתġ黰Ȼ˽
磬㸸׳б𣿡ڽʱĹ˵Ϯ𣿡Ĺ˼թײУ𣿡У죬ôʶģ
һһ⣬¾ң㺣ţ༰˸Ӵţʵƿԣֲֻ
Էѹסͷ䣬һϢӲ£д飬ҪλϳвʱҪȥˣ˯
ŶС˶һ㶣ڨڨˣ룬ֲģػһס
šñӦš
ˡ˯ɡ ֹ쳣ɵر졣Ų̽˫ͷȶˣ
Ȼ󣬾Ͱˡ
.
O@ڻ񣻹ƱǣꡣϢģ˯ˡ
ֻҪߣ˯øⰲȡ
һҹΣ˯֪˹
̺ӵСˡ˵ԺЩֵܽѾͷǶ˲ˮΣøҵĹӲϲŮӽ̣Ϸ˾Ͱǰ溰ԾסڹӵԷУҹҲиʹˡ
£úɡӰչɣиǰӵҹƺҲôҪҹ鷿һҹһҹȥͱȥԼ˯ˡ
̰˯մͷߣһ©̣ҪʱϽˮ׼ȥѹӡȥ޷ѰһȦδˣŷֹӣҹ鷿ｫһҹ
һ鷿Žȥӻѣһи̾ű˼ҵĹӣֺУգҹӣȴƺǸµҵӣ͢٣æ˹æ£ԲЩ˸ɵĻ
ɵ۰ʶΪģҲģǹӡʶϷЩլѾĻҲĸԸƫƫǵǸ͸ˣԼԲסϷÿ֧ķ
ⲻˮ볯˽ӾͿʼԼϴԸ£úܡһߣ˫ƣ岻֣ӷԸЩյ¶û˯һ㣬һֶûС
ɴˣ˼ɫüһˬɫǻЩѵõЦ⣬û˯أ˳ڻζҹΰɡ롣
Уȷڻ˼أЩǳߣ֪Ϊһմˣ˯úܺãҵĵϯˣҹ鷿СϣҲû˵꣬˯ˣߵ˶Ҳ֪ʲôʱˣϸһ
ҹͣߣһ/ΣȻ޺ָۣһƲ㡣ϸرڻʲôЩĥˣȴҲĥۡҹźá
־Щ˼顣ټһܹ֮Ϣȥ磬Ҳ֪ʹʲôᷨӣҴҹΪ˿˯Ҳ֪СԴ﾿Щʲô
ҽţȥڼҲһʰ޳ţһ߲ʹҹЩϣˣ˿˼ٻҹ£ǾЩ쳣
شһͨòպòм¿Ȼ棬ؽӦţڻڣָ£
ڼңͽңлҲ룬ѿڷԸʱ㣬̰˯˲ڼҲߣȥأԣͲһ롣ЩԤУµ˳ȥˣʶȥӾ仰ܣЩʱȥϸһҹЩĪĻ
˹ǣӺճϣϤĹͣս̸Ĺݣʵ۵ἰ׵Ĺѡʱɽɵü˳ĿʵдңĳݣһҲˡ
ҹҹȻһʱѪѾ֪ҪȥĹ׵飬ȻΪ˵ЩҪ˽ĳջĨ֮£ֹӵ˳ģĶҪΪתˣ֪ȴװŴ£
ּգЩѿ׷𣿿ǲиġô飬ȻҲܶؿƿ
òߵ³ֱЩѺ𻰵ĴСٹ٣˾¼˭Ҳһ·гֻҪһ䰲ĵĻģһȥԡҲףǿźģµĳŵҲſһ˵ġ
¹ţѾˣɫɣֹһҲûƽֻ龢
û
ˡ֧֧ᣬɡǣˡ
𳯷۱ߣϣһĻһʵȥˣ 
һȺˣɫ峤һ߱ȻһСĳҹɫϾڹ߸Щ꣬˭ǹпصˣ壬Ȼʲôļ̣ʲô״ҲЩ
磬ڹſڣ˵ǣһСˣúü٣
˵ǹﻼ˼Ů빬̽
Ů빬̽õŶһȺǽ




Ǹˡ
뾩ҶïȨȣһ֮㣬ֳȴžܴӪ꣬ϥֻһĸƾӹȻλĴȴںŰ裬ȴڽϸǰʢ費˥
ӴţЩҲһͣȮ졣ǣλȨصֳȴЩź˽¶Ļ˵ҪиǶ磡룬ö֣йȻٰ⵶СӴ̫֮λϼȥȻҴңΪеĵһҡ
ȴֳֻĻõ¡֪㣬ϧе֪һлܹ֮ӭϾ͵ʥ裬ĻйѣȴֳܸдȨΪǹ޶֮ǡ
޶֮ǣӵĳ谮֮ģ֮顣
ԼӶԣĵӣҪĻҪȤЩɵŮȻЩʱ̵ŽԼȨĶӣҪɰЩ
ԣԼλãŮİ蹫̫ƽʢٻϣӡ
ǣ峿ףԭʵ۵Ů֮⣬Щô֮ʱŵһŭ֮£ֱӽµźľױ̨ˣˤȸƻ֦ͭ飬ƺĽɢһء
ʱױ̨ǰһѾ˺üԾѣһѾ˺üԾķʽգƽôǿԼ˳ۡйӰһͷ㿴ҹڵſڣЦЦʰ
ĵģһ磬Ů
ѽյ̫ǴӶ߳ôˣתͷĳϼ⣬캮Ů
˵ˡҹڵűߣżԶԶĸ˵˵Ļǡʵϰ嵶̽ģĸҪЮʱ»̫˽֪뿹ּˣҲ֪ĸס
𣿡ЦһͭһӣվĿ򦣬ֱͦű۴䣬չʾľɫʢòˡ
ĸǣò绨úܡҹĨЦ΢΢ü˵õģʵ˼ǣң֪Ϊζἱɡ
һֲأҹݣĿּ뺣ĸףͻϻɡʵ˭˭͵û
ޣһˣҲֻŮŸҸûûС˵ɴʱҹеƣ㽫ŵøЩʵ˵˻
Īʲôˣʰ̯ˣ
ҪȥĹסҹЦһԸ֮˵ϡƽҪԶţʲô¾ͻһ㡣
ɫһ̶ƽɫߣʵ£𣿡
д飬ѾˡҹвȻἱŽѺס
Ȼ󣬱ĸڵûͷӬһ㣬˼Ȧױ̨ߣڷӦµԣһѾ̨ӡ
ĸϢŭҹأͷ뵽ĸ׳嶯ȴܸź֡ô֣Ҳ⣬˿Ц
ױ̨ڶȻļ⣬Ȼ£ĬЪ˳嶯ԣȴּˮӯϽ˿۽á
ҹżţҲֻ΢΢̧ͷĸ׵ĶƤЦ˵ĸĪޡӦҲǣվɷˣⲻҪˣһΣ޵ĻĹӣδĹ
һ˵ţһ˫ֲڹװУţϵЦһض紵ˡЦҹ֪ʲôؿһ
ҺãͷᣬûϸԶҲϸȻͻ֣ᷢſڹصСŮӣЦãʵǺѿ
һһһһЦϼͥԣȸȴɢ⺬µ
ڣŴˣ˼ģ˿ӣ͵վٲݣűߣͷɹЦ֮ˣ¾ȻңͰȥ֮غף
Ҳ֪˭
֪Բͬ⣬ȹ˵ҹ˼ȫĸʱ£ˡ
˵ȥ̧ųֱ½ףͥȥ
ҹŤͷǸҪȥǰһʵ˵ıӰִַ̾סſվпűߣһ˫ȡ
ٴҲȲеĽɽ̵
Ȼʱϵ龢ûַ۷ˡ
ţͥϽףֱſЩʲô˼
ûʲô˼ֻңҹЦ˵
ˡĺµʵ۲ٸߵĻᣬҲûи谮ӡ
ɫúѿ
ҪͿçײˣֱӳϴָȻ죬ڱɱ۱ĶǣǴһžӨ͸ģװͿ֪ʲôʱװһװʲôʱȴװҲûˡ
վŻҹϽûǰĸ첲⣬һµĹŮǵصױ̨һ߳԰οĸĪֲϾҪȥ۴ӳ飬յķʽÿˣ㻻귻ʱ˵ġ
ʱҹԼЩɻ󣬾밲һĸŮ˭ĸף˭ŮΪʲôŮģĸˣСŮ壿
Ҳáίûƫƫи˵İοҹзûЩѽѽֻʣǻ
ӰáӡֻҪ˰ãĸװãȥȥãʲôá
ūﵽûϲˣ ĵУױ̨ǰһŮͷһ߿ʼӳ顣
ҹɫţҲΡֻ϶ȡΣһͷ˿ɢʵúʲôʱ˵ķʽͷǰĸġ
㲻ǱУﶥһͷҷ˵ÿ϶֪ŮĪĸ
ҹԸѣҲԸ˵ʵƫͷһͷɢڷ޲ߡ
ĸ˭ȥ⺬µĸˡʱľѳۣ㸸ʱ㲻ٱȥĹͻȻתͷն˵ĺ⡣
ǺǡҹЦĸֲ⡣ɫشǰһ⣺ûУ
һ֮ˣʵ۶Ĺ͵żһٴΣ޼¡ҪӷŽĹǣ䲻طȥʱĸ֪ӵĴڣ룬쿪ĸЩʲô춯ص
ôǡҪĸһɳԼԽԽԶ񾩳ŵģģɱģģʤŮԶǧﲻټ
취Ǵ˵㣬㲻ǵմŭ˶Բ˶ߡʵҲй˼ɣҲҪ棬˺Ҫװɵ㣬ʵ˵ûޡ
ҹֻЦ룬ⶼ⹬յˣҪȥôĸ￴Ů۹⣬ŵù
ſȺкüӢͦΣžͲ̧ͷŮЩ
ĸ𶯣ҼһͷҹЦãһ̧ȥĸ׵ͷ˿һ߳ԴǽУҹӵܣڹֵߵģЩɵĶɣʱգҪǨġͱȥЩǰƽڹ˰ɡ
ū˵ģһѴ֣ͷվʱĻƷӣصһ˵һҲڿЦһĸ׻ࣺ
ĸֻҪ⺬µϰݹã£Ҳ˵ùȥġ֪ǳļӣҾ͵֪㸸ΪҪ㣬ֻǿſĽ˳ۣŮУº¶ĥʹߴƤ°Ѻ³ˡټ˳ȥ˾˱ϲл׹ݣٹٸϱϲʱ˽֪ף㸸ҲٱټޡҪǨŭңҲ޷ֱȥ乬űǡܲڿң
⵹Ǻáҹɫĸһ˵ÿ컨׹ûסһˮǣ˵öſһزʶ˵ĽϾͽȢң


Ů

ſȺͷԵĽм䣬ĸӷȵģ̸ĸƷˣԸȢҲǲԸġҹ롣
ӣ˭ҲԸޡ
ȻڿȻܼ޵ġǣй㲻ٺ֮Ʈ㡣ôһΣȴԴҰȴ¶ˣѴ򽻵˵̸̸Ҫޡû׼˼ҲƲã
ҹںµ£ҧ촽аݣ˼żǰ;Լģжɡ
̧ͷ죬뽫ˮȥȴӿ˵Ҳ֣ϻգ貣ȴƱգͥۿҪ
µߣݱչķƻжʱ
Ŵ󳨣нСƾϯ￿̣ſڵĽǣһһأȥȲ衣
Ƕã飬ЩˡǷͷ⺬µ⹬յŮȴҪǺȲ裿裬᲻Щɬڴ̺ߴǸ
ǣʢȴ߸ϵЦӯӯЩССǽ紵ɹվŵ࣬Ǻһ裬ҪؾܾԵýˡ
ǣأ鵶ЪźȲ衣
ò̸ֽЦ紺ˮůڱ곤˵ĴȰͨڣųŮӵɫôƾϣЩ˵Щǰ̣ЩݣЩ¡
һͨɰʵף꺮ůǽԾã˵к䣬ܸߵŵ˺롣
Ȼ˻㣬˵ֱ⡣
ЩЩʮҵĶɣȭŹǺãƤȴδôĥ񣬱Ǹ˴ˮĿһעӣֱ׻һʣ¾ǵöӳ죬æ¸ͽŲ޻أ˳
˳صϣǽͦˣļȴֲ뽫ͬԡʻЩ污˵̫𺳣̫ջ㲻ףȴֻãԿ浶.ꡣ
ҹĸ׵Ϲ֣һֱԶԶأת´ɼЩһһȥ̲ס棬˸˵Ŀ϶űϵ͵͵ʵĸףǶ˵Щʲô
ŶŵӦһֶϵ裬һڣһ˵øƵĺŽҶÿһ˶˵ҵŮˣȳȥǰգԸȢҹͿɽó׶
ҹ˫ۣƿԡ
ţ⾰һԼ.գܳ¡΢Ц˵ЩɫչսҹͻȻ˦תߣָϽסιȱߣ˵˵㿴ϵһ
ҹȴͷҲصأƫȥ
һԶܸɵĸףһĶƵ⣬̼е÷ˮ֪Ǹö̾Ϣң˰죬ǲ֪ζԸҹɴҸ䣬ȥ
Ůǰĸ׾סҹСס⺬µˣƫϼҲɨţޡ˷·ֱȥ޸󣬽Ьķſˣϴͷ˯
ʱҲ޼ƿʩҹ˼ľ˿ٲòһߡ
һȥ֪ϦϦ
˯ţ˯磬һֱ˯Ƥٱϣɵðٺ֮ʱŷǰʱ֣ϼȴû͸ϼ⣬ֻϵƳ֣ͥϡﻩɳɳ졣ͻȻɫȻƳ꣬ˡֻǲ֪жá
ǣǵģ˷˥£үӦȤ
ҹЦأ̾ϢһǴ´ţҳԵġжѣӶʱ򣬻ҪԷġڹֵصĽһ类ԻǰӦúܿҪˣ֪ҹҪڸʲôİԱ㣬ù̵ĸס
ţиСŮڸſںţġҹδ֧ʹȥŪЩʳߵʳУͱʳ£һˡ
ãͽƵˡ˳һʲôСŮڳش𵽣ϸһλ˺Ȳлء
ҹһºûǺšںȲлƶᰡĪҹ£׹
һŬ֮ҹֵܿˡĸЩɲ֪࣬ɴƭӴյأ˼ȴĲ̵ģҲţҪĸɫϣӵˣ˲̧ȽֻʵͿ԰ŵĶӡ
찲سЩꤼϴ֣СŮƵ裬Ӷ౦ҳһξӣڴСǰķ
һ߿Ǳþ˱ߵľ飬һ̾
ǰˣӣϽȻҲû˻ùѧҵҪһɢŮ֮ĥԼдԼϲӣ˼ҳţҪ־ȤͶ̸ٲҪЩ̵ģʶһ˼ſ๦ӲȥϰЩıˤһףᱳ۵䡣 
ⲻ֪¥ı飬˸ͨ˸׼ýӦ֣Ҳûᣬλ۾ڶͷϣôˣʲô
񣬵ӡˣȴҪ˼ȫ˼࣬ضƽɡ
еεεż䣬һµ̰֨һ죬˽
ȥЪŰɣһ ҹŶ洰ҲͷŽ˷ԸΪźǸСŮ
ûӦҲûпŵ
Իͷ۽Ƴȥһ˫¹ƤѥһĨɫĽ۱ߣϽתͷŰϵξӣһһأ˵
Ҳ֪˭Ҳ㣬Ҳ֪ĸνףֻ֪ҲձҪȥĹףڽյĴϣѾѸٹˡҪ˽ͨ׹ŪǸŵȥü
̫ȻһŽĽٽҲ̫棬͹ʵ۵ĺӵģжӲ־жᣬжܲң谮Ů
ǰԾҹԼ׹̣ڼžУȴһֱ
ϢĬ͸Σųתͷȥű֮ˡ֮⣬ȴ־еֻ˵ĿԲ˾ϲ
ˣ£С䣬ѥգմһʪյĹۣٷûҪͦƫƫֺڳһҪѵĸ߰ơ
ָоǣİϤۡ
ǡɷҲô硣




ͦÿġ
ҹתɢڵϯϣԶԶűŵĿɾʵǲ֪˵ʲôã㲻һһӢװ硣
һղ
ҹѪҹȥҹװ磬Ǳڹ̽
ҹ֪յĴϣӶ֪׵飬ҲʸֻǽһֱŲȥͷ۵Ļ档ȴ룬ô죬ŪЩֲ
𣿡һ뷴ʣԼǲмټ֣ǲıؾᡣ
֪֮úÿʲôÿȴۣÿΪҪһݺɳĽġΪѣָŵľ٣ίȫΪӦ꣬Ѿ̣ѹ֣Ƶˣ񣬺òףǿһ鰮ĳڣеЩйȴתۼֱˡ  
ô飬ҹ£Ȼؿƿ治֪Уʲô
ǣһʱֲ֪ηеıŤ㻯еĻ磬ͣעеϯϵŮӡ
ѽҹװɵ㶣΢΢ףƮƮأֿ϶һ䣬̶Цգк
˵кյ޸뷿һžţſžŵϲãŷϯƾ˴˿ϯ棬ĴʣҲ֪
ȴֱٲйҲѰطżȹߣŹСϵĵϿҪһ仨
ɲǶ仨毺ϾƫҪЦϡãޣұǣƫҪһоֺ
йð
ҹԽ£ƤԽĻڣüĿ
ΪͻȻҪȥ׵·ǰεԵб¸ˣٴΣа취ʼһĹˣĺܣ׾ٱߡ
ǣŮˣΪʲôһСŮҵ˼ά˵ȲĴ£Ӧÿ޿䣬ԥᣬΪѣѯһĽıְ
ãȻû¶һ˵ޣţգЦòãûСڸС
ղšڸĸ׺Ȳ𣿡ҹֱƶĿ⣬˶·СһȦס˫֣˫ȣŲŲһѰЩŬֿҪ̻ѹȸС
šһӦڷĥֱתĿг衣
ЩʲôҹϽȹֱֱˣ׷ʡӸĸףЩʲôҪܸڽҹȢޣˣ
ûʲôӵ𵽣г裬̧Ųһǰʵľ룬̧֣һ౦ϵڼûģרι۰չġ
˵ˣҹ׷ӰһȦת˲䣬ŵͷĿ̾˿Ըûҳ⺬µĶ
ҹĸ׵˽⣬ＱżŮģҪʹЩаķӣһɫĽɣ˷ֵ˳ˮۣڱһѸɲȼһ𰡡˼ңΪʵݳ谮İֱ߰صڹǡ
ܿ׹˼תһЦ˹˵ɲɣǰ²裬ˣдĹӵģҲˣʳҲҳԵġ
֮⣬ⲻֺýţͷ
㡭ҹһ˫Ŀһʱһ߰оȣȻôҩĻᣬѵĴһǺ棬˱˵ЩʲôٴòǡȻ̸ôͶô
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ҹ״Ҳ׷ˣ򴽣תͷȥСϵξӣĬʲô˲ǹģϧ𣬵θڣϡˡ
ⴺҹϸ꣬ʵʵеоžԾ㣬ɢһŮưŶԷ̹ϡ
룬׵£ǺԸţû˵ĻôҲʣװʱ
ҹ룬ĸ˵ôõĻŹܲרιҵĹ뷿İɡҲˣܱʱ
ннڴȴָ̣˭ҲԸٿڡ
ҹ͵Ǹڶ౦ԵĲӰкЦǴ߻谵ּҲ۾ۣ
ȴÿаЦξ𣬴õһҲ֪˶ٱ飬˵ûȥ
˴˰Ϸʣ˿˿Ƶů.ͻȻṣǰɽ⣬ôˡ
ӾôڱվһҹѾĹɽ͵øҹˣߣͺá
ȻһᣬЩͷأأȫ׹ʹϾҹԼƣˣվ߶һ¡
һŷԾôֶ̧ˣһĲȣƫСϣ־ѣӹ⣬Ѿ޻̱ˡ
ҹ־ագܹͳһŶѣǴȰĸ׸׼ġҲ˵Ȼƣûôţȴɢҩµˡ찡۹Ůȷڿ
ڱϣע⵽쳣Ͻᣬйֱӱзš
ҹˮĶЩЦҲǺԵʡǻȻĪҲ֪ˣŭĿ
˵ҲӦ
ӼӨŹ⣬ըëȴģ̿ס̾Цųˡ
ҪôӦңҹԼ΢΢ز£Ǹġ
ͬʱԼŵ˴ϣӸȥЬ࣬⿪˿ȡ·ΣȻ󣬾ʼͷȥ
⣬Ծе׵˳ڸ֪һѡһ·ͨؽڣŽûҪʲôֻǵͻȻֱжɣẦ£ѡ
һ߿½һͣѵõϸģºֻǣҲеøɴ࣬һͨ˵꣬Ѿϴ̧߲۹ӵĿ䣬䡣
ҹꡣߣЩʲô˰
־ȫģһֻϺһ㣬һֻӲзѹ˰ӣʣӺתƤܷбȥҪǻʲôɡ
Ҳ֪Լ˵ʲôֻЩʶɢͷ϶˺.㡣


ҹ

ҹܣͥлO@΢µĵţţԾϣŲ裬ꡣ
һô裬ⷢľϡǰҲζˡǲζѾԣģѪ˯ȫޣ˼ԽҹԽЩ˷ܵζ
ŮҲڽҹһ
һввһڣʱŷԸϾĸŮȥѻʺ
Ӧţתͷһҹɫʵϸ꣬ѯһ䣺ʺԵɣǺ˵
ԼǾãҹģҪȥйŲû벻ɵɣ񣬼ǲɵġ
˵Ҿȥ¡һܹʺɵɡƶʺ֪պ޵뽫ж˿飬ҲøϽӴҹ꣬㹬ǽµֵܵ
ᣬӦţ³ɡȥˡϣɲ豭棬
ʺֵܣǸʵϵġˡ
ʱſڷ⹬Ľ࣬ˡʱѾȺˣǺȲ£Ҳ˸Ը£Ҫֱȡ¸Ϳżɽ˵Щ˵̹֮Ӷ˵ϣԸ£Ը֧ˮСĿڣ̾ڴ
л쿪ۣļǣͶҽ֮ʱһǡǹүݣЩ⣬ģû˵˿ΣеӺʹר飬Ϊˣײϡĸ￴ŮԽԽϲ
һϲԾڸҹ׼ʳ˵ϡðʵ˲С޼۱ѵɣɷǣòŵɣ˳¸ʱ
˵ľѳۣ϶źʺ档
أϴС̣ϼϲŪˣȴڴ۵Сۣͷ󺹡
ĺҹ˵ǳʪǣˣȴȡ 
ҹҩЧ˿ʪңϼ촽ΣҪǣûжѰ볨ľżһ㣬ڴϣԼֻ׸
ƫƫҩʹȻ.鲪ܵţôŽ׸˲źãҲ˼ˣȻȴ߰ؾܾˡ
ԣЦЦ٣ž״Ͻ֧ӣͷ죬̧Ķģָ࣬ĥ˼ڣڴأһЦ
֪ʱһֻЩߵҩ˭֪ôݡ
źߡɲɲ˵ġҹĥſЦ̲ס̭Լĸһ䡣
ɢӺ.㣬ϣĸп˼ƣ̫ҩڹҪϣǱѿٽҪЮǲסǣ֮ԼŮϣͲˣɽһӵķӦϧ֮ģ࿴жᣬж
ǣϧ񣬸ôϧӣҩʹ࣬˵赣ȫýȢϧ
ҲˣǺ飬Ŵŵ
ܲ䤱и˶ڱϣؿᴭΪΪѹԼĴͺܳ
ǣֲòѹơƲԶĲ˵˵µĲΪһ£ȥĳ˹㲻ûһѵӿϼ룬ӵߣӶѣҪ׿½һֱײ˸Уǵҹѿ
ҹۣͷ࿿ڱϣ˼ЩģˣҲϾȥ롣ͣεĴյҪĻȥ
һΪѵӣԼЩʧӲûԼԵģϲɡˣǲջ
µûгӣ굹µùҪӵȥɡҹ˵꣬Խͷģ۽ǷͻȻ֥ݺıӣܰӽȥģأҲڻ¡ 
⣬ǲ ̶̾Ц˵
ҹЩ⣬֪Ӿ͸һ㣬Լ룬ٸˣ㸩ȥ
ҪӵôҹϣԲۣŴȴֻڲķݡ
߳ţʪϮ½ף˿ƬЮͷǱû飬ɵҲûˡ
ҹĽˣ
ȴôʯˡֻֻ§䣬Ū˸Ƚƣϥ䣬Ȼ󣬴ͷͼ磬ü米סһЩͷµˮ
ҹҸ£ͥ糱һսӦƬ̣ŷӦԭһꡣ
ȥɡأߵ棬ΣӰɡ
ȻǣôʵϵķϣƽˡգôǰƬ̣Ҫϧ
һЦ§Щֳڲ壺Ҷһ̣ԣһ͹ȥˡ
ҹ˵ú棬ػͷӭ棬¶һżüŪ۵Цա
ĸʹЩ߰ƣϾҲôӻ𣬰һѣڽʶҩЧҲ̫ͣʵҧҧҲ̹ȥġ
ֻǣܵǱ˼ӣô־أమܣ֮ǰƴ׷ȴţҪġӵȴֱκεĻǰ£Ҫ´档
ǣƵĻƹ£һɫʪ͸ڷٵˮӳɴ˳޽ǡµΣʪüۣʪ˴ǣ˳Ź䵽Ѵ½ 
ҹ㲻̾һúÿ˾ռˣˣԽҹȡȻʹ
ȴΪȻ̧ϵˮǼΪ棬ѳζǵأ˵ЩĻ˵ҪȢ㣬Ҫһӣ㲻ʳԡжѣҲа취ǱȥףҲ£ţҪģҡԺ󣬲ʲô£ҪңѹأҶһɹ
ƵĻѹƶģҹ;ã۾ˮ׺סˣʲôҲ
˵öôȨ߿ıһ׮£Ǻ׵
ǣŲܹܲ˵ЩĴ;ùˣοƽһе
̧ۣȥĺ󾱣ſָȥǰˮˮģһƬֱ۷Ҳûʲô׼ͷʪһţһϣüë۾һ
ӱŪ÷Ц׽ס֣ϸϸţָԼзţˮ˼ڣɴഹͷһǡ
ĺҹ꣬ӦſиȪϲ࣬ˣƲĻĸţȥܱ˴˵Ϣץס˿˿˴˵ϵԼҲˣʲôס
ʺʱתתǣ㿴ӣͥʯϣܵʪ͸ȴԹңǵûڵء
һѪӿһΣһȥҺñһԵ̴סŲڱֵܸιȥ




һգ峿ҹû뿪µ
䣬ҹƤЦҪȥĹףƽؾףȴ˵Ƶᡣ
üĿȢŮΪޡ췽ҹ̷ȴ˵һ
޳һͶɵġһܵסӦԵһ˳ˮۣƶΪһץ·
ǣҹʺѾƽͣڵ̸еĸ壬˲裬Լȵվ£׼ӭӽҹĳ̯ˡ
ʺ껨һƽ£һֱҹ껹ŭ̴ɡţһ·첽ͥϽףһ˫Ŀü΢촽δѯʡ
ҲͲӣֱӸָָϼͶˣȥۼΪʵ
ĵϼҲ֪Ǻι⾰ʺĺ벻Ŷ룬ףֻȥһۣȷӽҹȷʵںµô빬˽׹ʵϡʺֵܵ밲Σ̸ܻһ̸ġ
ȻҲһߵĹʺѾ۷磬΢裬תǴ߹ֱ̧£Ÿżɽʵ
ģҿˣǺ˼ֱ˵ɡ
йļӣԽ˳νڣֱңֱҪʺҲǸɴࡣ˼ˣżˡ
˵ȣϵţԼڼˣȴֱԸȽһȥҪȥĹףֱ·ŵ￴ţдԼʹ죬һһ˹޸㲻һδʳҹ䣬壬Щʳȥ˵ˡ
ʺÿɷȴһĨ޿κεĿЦٰһ²ɼļƣ˵ߣȻϴҲ֪ڹα˶Ŀ˺µģֻͬСɣ಻ţȴֲ֪δΪףֻжҹðˡ
û˵ӻк˰Ĳ裬һĻȻ˵ʺǰֻװûµȻһʺ󷴴һң˵֪鲻빫˽ᣬǻ̸ʲô
ʶֻ˵ʺֵ˽ŮʾΪѣҲʺ롣ûдţֵ֪˻ʺһ顣
˼ǣ˽ᰲȴûţһ飬ҪôŸл㣿ʺö˼ʵֱס
ˡЦ𡣶ദභʺˣһſˮΨֱסԼǾϲŭɫǳɡ
Ͷϣǣ˹ӣǳ͢سǰ밲ǲ̫ǶԣҲģֻţʲôӣðԶĹ֪ˡ
Ц̫ǽ˷ؽ˳ת˲˼ŮˣɵһЩݣ˵ʵͻȻҪȥףﻹͦζģҲ۱ôŮΪζȥһ˼һҪȥزײ֮أǧټȤ
˵ţݣкᣬӨ˸æӣ۽ǡ
ʺ̧˿˵޾Ϳ޵ˣĬ꣬ɫȥףǱµţѾ˳飬
ڱµţģʺǲԡĹݽ񾩵ǰһգϤţ֪Ĺ˵Ҫϣڻʵ۶ϣ˰䡣ۺѾã俴Щ֣ǣʵ۶ʶֶ֮ΣǺͬġ
ֻ¶ϲ»ֻ֪صģǽ㡣󹬣˭ұģǽĪ
ҲǸۼˣⷬǼ򵥵Ĺά۲죬ԴĦõ顣óӣʵЩ˼ǳÿ¡ȻΪйȴ̩ɽ˵ˣһԸһԸ̫֮󣬹޻ӳǻʵ̣֮£
˵ˣʥϣҵġʺһЦһ󡣲Ͼ˿ʵ
ǡһЦ̧죬˴
ʺüɫ΢δٶԣ˵̸뽩֡ҹɣвȴƷ
ţ©Ѭ㾡ԼԼıϢʮϢǹЦЩεľĬƺֳҵСֶŮѰЩͷֳܡֳЩСŮ˼ҵ˼ұ촰˵ŮܽЩҶ˵ϴСϵδǸŶޢ֮ɬѾͷ˵еľܴӪء
ͻȻ崿һʣ˵Щ޹ؽҪлɻ˼ȴײ֮ԸҹӲʺµ̸ӵ飬ʵܴӪĵơ
վܾȨϥȴ޻ӣԣ޶֮ǡȻرɹʦɿƾʦӵ֮˶աҪ˭һ֮ȫ˵顣Ůô˾͵ڵĴ֮䣬ѡһЧҶˡ 
ʶһ˵һؿʺ󣬲Źɫһ˿ɫ仯ʺԺ̫ãɫ羵ƽûһ˿仯
͹ˡûзӦǷӦģŻ棬ñ˿󡣿۽𾦣ܿһ㣬Ͼദ̫ˣ˴͸΢Цţ׳Լѡ⣺ҵţֳҵСֶŮ̫ӵͻЩٹ꣬Сԩң
˵ţһ˫ʳָһѧһԧԵýùģֻҪܹŮԶޣ°֮˭ʵۣﲻ̫⣬˳ģ⵶̫ӣǾ̫Ӱɡ
ʺ˿һָͿŷɻָ֭׸ǣ޵С㣬ճһԡ˳ָ⣬˫֣䣬ֱ̧ۣȥ˿˫гĿڹһЦ˵⵶£飻£һȥһ롣 
δ䣬ߡ
൱ʲôû˵ǣȴӦĽס̫ȢŮδʵ۵ĺ壬ҲͲģʺҪ취ҹԶĹ֮£ղܳС
Ȼöʺ˼ǹˣ˵飬кһ֮࣬ѾǺܲˡϽͿ͡
˵ţվ£һ߿ʺͷҲصȥıӰһָ̾ʺ䡣ǱֵܵİѱҪЮļǶŴȳȴʼղӰ֣ˣú֪λλǱһ㡣
ɲôҶѺˣֳֶŮˣǣЦ
һЦգԼƮɢŻȻǲӦùһϼ״ȥƫ
ܣĻһ·תǣӵ޸ǰſŴ󳨣ǰ£ˮӣᱧŻˮҹҪݣתһĲ˼
ιȥˡ 




彡
ױжʳûˣҲǸƾ紵βΪ˺ʡ
һΣڼܲסｽϰ죬Ŀ飬ſһͨһ˹ȥ
ʱףΪʲôǣ񾩳ǵĹСǣϲץһ˿ģʡ
ԭǰһĨڣԺ󣬻Щġ
磬ټֵ⣬εĳ棬ʹ飬ȥ
磬һۣһۣɢǵҩЧȥˣǷƻҩЧȥˣǱˮȼϵʹ̼Ҳȥˣ˼ɣŸˬɢ֫ŽϼĴʶµĴգ
Ȼ󣬻Ѱ˼ˡ 
˼ңԺϹˡ
δ˼ߣǰһӰһΣرˣһֻý𹳣һžµݴʱ̽Ц˵ˣ
Ц˹ȰЩڨڨֺá
ĸ׺ŮöԵǣҹĵеΣü죬ʵףʲôˣ
Ѳ˯˺ܾã
⣬ǳ֦ͷҹɫȥˣʵͣЪˡѵڻ˯йһҹô 
࣬죬ҹ
һЦ˵һָ̧֣߰ͷӣòƽһѵļ⡣
ʲôҹѿڴУ͵ƿ죬Ӵ¹ͷɢĸ׺üŭӡ
ͺȵҩ˵СѣΣҲڻôáҹǲ©Щʲô
ǰҹ˼Զ֮࣬һʱ벻͵͵ƽߵİҩȡǷЩЩ˼ʱʵ˹ȥ̫ҽѨδѣԿЩϢķӣ˯˼աڼ¶Σǹء
ü˿Բ־˵øһ
˭⣿ҹľᴽߵһƷ˿
ҹ񾩳ǣ֪ηѰЦˡ
ҵ⡣Ц̾
Ȼܲڶ̫ҽ˵ʵҩŮŵ˰ɣʹ׬һѻʵ۵ͬģٿһܲܶҡʯġ
ҹתͷ˫ۣŴкĳƣ˼Ƭ̣ҲͨؽڣЦЦɴ˵ðɣĸף¾ʹա
״ʲô˼룬޻ΪáԣԭˡֻǣԼִΪ˵
һ˵ţһ߷´ȥѰ
о˵强ҲûŮ̺ҹҲʹˣҳһ»ɫ£ϴˣϵһ˿Ҳģ
ҪȥɫأͷʰޣЩ
ȥǰʡҹ·ױ̨ǰ£ӿʼͷ
㸸ʡʲôеǣԽԽŨ
ȥһΣѾ뿪Ѱˡ ҹһߴ𻰣һͷ˸٣ӹסġʵյװΣ԰ʮһ
˿̣ЩУŵʵ۸ǰȥļǾֽ쳣ִױƺУԷЩۣһ֬
˭˵벻ˣף֮ƣ֮壬̰ӱ֮ҪӱܣҪҲȥֱҸʣĹˣԽٽЩ߰©ٳͷʯģͽЦ
ɵһЩ˵㲻Ը㸸ʶҲ²˺ı㣬⹬ﻹôĹұȥֻҪǾУҹԹ˼ֱۣͭߣЩˣϽȰ衣
˵䣬ҹѾűߣ̧ȥڵķţһ٣תͷĸ˵ĸ⻰Ͳˡϥ¹⣬ұȥʾ𣿽ͬã֮ʩ֮ˣḷ́
ǿƤڣȥ𣿱ĵί˵ȴ˭ĴȻ
һڣҹԼľԭέѣ;ޱߣٻ˵˵ţͱ˻棬԰Լƭȥ
ľĿ࣬ڴߣһʱ޴롣ͻȻЩ㲻Ů˼ˣԼѾ˼ץסһʹϵҪߣ֪ӻ飬һġ
ǡҵĴӣͲˣšͦ˳۵ġһڳ˵ͻȻˡ
ǰŮУӡ
ôǺãǣȴĹӡĹδĹʵ۵Ļʺ񾩳ٻ裬ĸĪҵˣȥĹû˭ңĸԸ
ҹűߣǻԲ
ģźݣΪģȷѡ
⣬ĸʹһΨһ·ǳ񾩣ȥĹڣȥԺҪôţûϸ룬ţ޾֮·֮˿̾Ϳʼһ̶ˮûʵѿѰ죬㲻ãʻǨŭ˵ġ
磬˵ĸ׵ٺ󸣣ӵǰ̣ữΪӰ
Ϊʵ۵İ̽ߣ޿ײ룬ױ֪ĸֽţҲ׾֪˽顣
峿Žģ̡˼Ϊ֮⣬һСӣ¼ĴСÿյʳϷÿˣ޾ϸȻһʱÿնӵ֣ʱʱߣɫòǵ÷ֺ
ԣʵĶ̴ͷء
ԣղһԼ˯ҹļǣҵˣҪȥʵۣļ
ҹһݾ˼һţٿĸһ¶ֺ࣬޷ˣת͵š
ŵһ˲䣬Ƥһһֵݣ©˺
űϾվ˸ˣǡӣ
űϣӭ磬ӳų⣬һ뻭ĺ÷羰ֻǣһòգ÷÷ڣڵˡ
ҹ֪ʲôʱģҲ֪Ļ˶٣ƶǣǾؼģ˵ĹӣȻģˣ
Ȼһ޲ó˵ģ
ǽڣǾΪ
ﻢ£ҹֻܴӲͷƤµŭĿ⣬̧׼
оԼһβһ㣬ٲ貨Ƶ裬ϸѣۿҪ֮أȻͻȻһһֻ׼ȷǯסϵ粽С
ϵһĲȣȥϽһŽȶΣһŲӻͷ棬ųŻĸߡ
ûڣģ˵ɡ
ĸȴϵģѾ˳һĸ￴Ůϲɫ̧֣ŵطһ
ӾҲ˳̧Žݣͬʱץҹ󲻷ţ㽫Ҳ˽ȥ
顱һ졣
ҹͷһۣĸʼ磬Ҵ侮ʯֻЦúÿġ
ӵػͷСӡ
ЦﲻͣԼ׳£ˣ˵еĻλүܲڽ͵ɣ




ղŵĻ˵һ!
ӵģģƽءҹĽЪ˹СУʧǡǡֲ¶ɫ̣ԽԵϣĮ
ҹ飬˵ɫǴ﷢ﻹ˵һ顣
˼Ķ˽ﶼм٣ڱ֮ȴ档ҹ϶һ룬һΪղűģ뷨ˡ
ǣǧԣֻĵת飬⣬۽ᣬƵƵԹԣôֽˣ
ӲĴ󲻷ţ۾ʵҼĹӣ
ģҡŵڹС˱ҧͷһҹװɵ㶣أԱͷ˵Իšһš󣬿ܲˣԶЩ
֦ҶݣҪȥһٻȴһѽøЩŶģץǰ˼ݺݵ׷ʡ
ʳûеĻҪԵ㣿ҹۣΡʵǲǰģ˵ϹΡ 
ȥĹĸԸӴ˿̲ƺʼգں֮£ҹû׿˵Ը⡣
ѽȷſѽʹҹʵΣɵúʣüʹ
ū
һΪŭĵͺǣһٲСһƣ㽫ţһŤҪ￪˵ϡ
ˣһײ졣
ϼͷδԶһʼӿ˲ӣϽ뿪ǰǴ۵С۵ļƣͷöԶЩʡҹº˵ĸ׵ģȡ
򣬴ףǰͨ󣬾װ
㡭ôסҹϣ̧ܵ˫֣ǰȥסѹĸߴɲ߱ߣ㱻ӷ͵سԼһѹ˾˸ʵҲҲŷ϶ֽȥˣֻڨڨأ˫ڿ˻Σͣŵӵĺϣ˱ס
ҹЩţЩϲЩ죬ЩЩҪӱܣЩ˳ܡ
ӵľֹǫţҲĿɱˡм˵ġɴֶŭǧ֮ĵĮҪ̻Щ
ʶҹ־ãӣܶԸƤӣԽ֣΢棬һ˫Ŀɫá
ԼǸ˵ˣ֪ôְɡ
ǰʹǯϽڵغһͨƵϣְ޲ýˣˣһ㡣
˿̣ȴûкˡ
ӾôţϣͷĿˡ
֪ʲôҲ֪˵ʲôҪʲô
ᡭף˵ȻӲ˵ҹ룬ûһԼ˼˵ɡ
ţüβ̫ͷš
ҡûϲ㡣ǰ֪Ƥ㣬˲鷳Բ𡭡񣬸ȥĹףͻȻͨˣĹ񾩣ֻܼЩûϢӵܣججΨһĳ·ȥס
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֮Ҳãƶ֮Ҳգ鰮ֻǽϻѩ̿ʲôˮǳ
Ȼҹͷػ
ģ֧֧ᣬ£細ȸϸ޼ɣ룬֮⣬һ仰֮Ҫġ
һ٣ٶأοĪ£֤ջȢ취ԶĹ֮ǣ֮ȴ˵ЩҪģ
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еĻ磬ȥϵЩҲ˿ЩһƵЦ֪ԳЦ޸ʺڿҲûлˡ
ҹһ˫ۣ֪Ӻƶ
Ѿֱ˶Ľƣ˿ȥһѲѹ˵ĹңĹʵͣս̸Ĺݳ֮գɱλս£ĿǰѾǿأ׼Ӧսҹţƽգо뾩
㲻㣡˭֪ʱֱô죡ҹϣһʱ֪ηӦ
˵£˲ƣʿ֮ࡣǣս޺̸֮˵޺֮飬ԣϾǺ¡ҽһͽ˵ϢҲһġ΢ѹõͳƻص˵˴ֶ˶٣ϡ̾˿˵
ˡ
䣬Ѿǰַ̧ҹ˫磬ὫһŲڳסĵţﳤȥ
ʣҹһˣץ༸ͷ˴գûͷӬƵģת˼ȦǣЦá
ӹ̫ǰˣ׵ˡ
ʱ־ΣòȥףҹѾ̫ˣĵǣ˵ˣǲǻʹģ
Ҫֲܾ뱻ôìܵ˼ң֪롣
һӹ󣬺
Ǹòˣһӵƣڵϯϣѵء
˵񳿽ʱȥĺµʺ󽫿۳˳Ͷ뼸ߵС¯űȼż㣬̣ͻȻʵ
ǡһʵˡ
ˣʺ̧ۣʡȥµǿǻ˯˼յСŮ
ԸԶޣҩԾҿȼʱһǻ˼켸ҹ׮ɻʺ˽ºţų¹ʣѾзﴫ˹﹬⡣
ʺԼ˵ƺҲˡ
šӱţԸ໰
ս޺֮ˣʺ۹˼תײ¶ȵȥµ⡣
ǡ֪Ѿ˾Ļʺ
ǡʺͻȻһЦ绨šǸһ仰ֻһֵֵܣȻЦ⣬ʵĹң±»ô
ԾɻһλҹϹĹλҴܴлô˼ȣ˵ƶ
ǰȥµȷȥһ˵ĵġ
Ĺң֮ǰͣս׸⡣׹˷Ҫ޵ģһż̳лȨĴһʧƵĻӡֵܲܶشȨδ֪һн룬ȴǿ϶ġ
ʶȥµڵһʱҹжѣջ뵽취ġ֪ȴ飬ԲѣһͨڣǺһ޴
첻飬ȻԼ⣬ˡ
Ǽȶĺѡײı䣬ǣ»ϸѡһʹ͹ȥĹλʹҪͨĹԣ˽ĹĻ򣬻ܹ̣ñ߾ϵ׵壬ĹڣȨΪȥǰԼʹΣ
Уֻܶ𻰣Ҳ˵ֱ͸Ĺб䣬ʽϢδֳȴѾʵ۽ܵ˼Ÿ˸͸ԼʲôĴ㡣
֮ƣ߶ͣԵëԼʲá
ʺüĿڽ˼ֵܣЦЦ˼˰죬ͻȻ˸Զ⣺
ҪͰȥĹĪǻһ֮󣬻Ҫɣ
ʺǸ˼Ϭġϸ룬㿴ëԼķơ
ҪȢΪ޵ġ
ӵᵭأһƮʡеǧƣ˵꣬ͷٶԣֻ㶨ѵ
ʺȴ翴һֳӲʯͷβ޿ɾҩ




Ĺдҡ
ĹݺǧȴҰĮڣǲԭεǲȱʳ벼ȴϡˣ߾ϴݹȣĹ˵һź⡣
Ĺ壬Լĵ̡ӾʱΪ֮ҲĴģսжͳһĵǲָӣǣսϵĻܱؿӣȻȵȵãµġҲ˵˭ıǿ׳˭Ĺø
Ҫͣս̸̸͡ǺãϥԴԴϵĽȱʣ̸ãȴֻģ˵ĹģĲ壬ȴûʲôϵˡУҲǵʩᴹЩиˣкᵶᣬĿضʣĿ飬ʹʵݡǶЩǿʢĲ˵ˡ
ˣһսѾĹ۽ֺõԹ֮ʱĹʵ۵ͣս͹飬ѹյһݡ壬һͷ죬ﴮͨϼһ£ߥŶ¡
Ǹǣ̸ͣͷֳȢҸʵɽԺĹĻλĸԵˣսĿõģĻֻҪܸɡ
һΪȻºڷߣŵ˾ʣԼĻ˵ҪڸʵĲǰһԣ̸֮״о֮ʱĹʵۼݱˣϻʵǰλĹ»ʡ
˭Ҳ֪ҹо﾿ʲô£ΪŮͬʵһȫˡ
֮ɱ߱Ȩ˴λ
мλֹĺ̸г߾ӡȻӵģ׼ӪȥսҲϻʵҳԼӵ·ͻȻΣҪΪָתǹͷ׼Լˡ
ĹУҳһࡣ
ľ棬ǷǳּɵġΪһ˵õԭ򡪡ĳ˵ǺսĹʮֻҪҪĹˣ͢ľʾͻԴԴϵ˹ǾͻоǮ졣ͣսãǻֻܽ׹ȥ
ԣȵĹڧϢ񾩳ǣʵ۵֮ʱ߾ϣѾǹ߻ǵأ
ʵһ˼飬һߴ߾ϵ״ּ˼Ҫĳ飬ЩͭǷ´һʱ֣һһȴ˵Ŀϵġҹʵǽںµİȥ𻰡
ʵңŵҲϵţŮ鷿棬ţһûһأ˵ЩĶǵĻ
Ĺң»ʼλҴ̸ͣūޣξߣʵ棬üĿѯŮ
ֱþҪƽս̵̫ʱҲйء
ڲߣ㶸Ȼ۾ŵһ©һϣ˫΢΢Цȴǵطת˼Ӧԡ
ʱ¾Ǻ⣿볷Ĺѹϻʵ۵ĺ֮飬Ȼû٣ǿñһĹ볷봢ĺ֮飬˳ˮۣĹ»ʣ
Ϣ򾲣ҹȻϣȻϨ
ĿǰĹǰ߲֮٣Ըԣ߲ϰ֮Ϊԣʵ룬ȻǺ̸ףáһ֮һʸۻ
ʵûʲôתԡ
ҡҹ±˫磬ͷ˰Ĵߣ³Щ鲻ԸĽ
ˣšǵ׿˵һ
㵫˵޷ʵ۵ҲգҲĵأҪ˵
ҹ̧ŶѻСɽ鰸ʵ۵ű飬ͷƹ⣬ʢӵĻƣɼͻȻһŸ׵һ㣬ȴƫҪľϣʵش˳
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ҹ˵꣬ͻȻеһһӣԾĴЩԼ̫̫£ƫͷȥ⣬Щۣգգ˫ֱ̧ۣ࣬ͷȥϵϯ޴£סеˮ
ʵȴһЩ̽⣬ƫƾϣ̧һףʻдЩ˵˵ɺδǲλ죿
ҹסˡ
ǴͻȻһЩľƣͨһЩĹؽڣ˻ʵ۵𻰵⡣Ȼ־ϲ
Ĺռ˺͵ģĹ·ʲôŶ壻ҾӪ꣬ҵĵϵ˧ʹöеľ
ǣоӵ»ʣǽ˽ɽ֮֧֮ʱһѵǸ˧Ľ죬ĸˡ
ѾۣѾܹȥҵľƣ
ǻʵ۵⣬δǲλ죿˵⣬˵ǹ˼ɡʵȴѹͷϣ
⣬ƽźã
ѡΪ׹ױĹǲҹ΢΢ͷǻԲ˵ǻش˻ʵ۵⣬ҲӧȥĹȥɱ
ӻʵӳԾƻУҹƶҪġ
㲻Ӳģӭͷϣھı棬ȥѰ
ʱ˿̣ľ·Уһת
׼ױҪãҪû书ؼȥ׵Ĺûб£һϵƱᣬһ֧ľӣԼľӣȻҪб£ֹͳȥļױĹϵġ
ԣһѡ
ԼģԼܲݸĹֻ͡Ҫڸǰ֤ԼôļֵҲͲһֻͳȥĺ׹
ʵ۶ģĻʵеȨȡᡣرĹ³֮󣬴֧رס
һĹ֮У㲻Ǿ·ǳ·
ҹ⣬ŴʵĶᡣ
ĵľҹֻԼıϢĹңɢŨŨľϢʵɫҲãû׼
Ժ󣬰ⳡģҹ鷿𻰣Ծ겻ѡǳţ»׵ĹȨðĴ踣ҪıʲôҪʲôҪԵĶʲôһеһУǰ·δ֪գû˿ĸֻΪгһܹ޷˵뿪Ƕôη
ҺãһҹĸʣҲЩͷõĳ֮󣬾Ȼͬ˽һ֧֮񣬽ȥڡ
ָһ㣬ǲΣ
ԭãĸ˼ױջһŮкͣһȺþɳľƦ˳
ûͣǣһСˣݱ䱾£ǡúʡҹһ̶ֽ룬󵨵˵˳
ӿʹвѯʹΪĹ٣ֱƱ޾塣
ҹ˵꣬㵨ʵֱֱ̧ۣעŻʵۣŹκһ˿ɫ仯ۼŻʵ۶Ȼһ̶ζЦЦ֪˼ʵ۳ˡ
߻ʵ۵ǣ˽顣ƾ˽飬ܹʹöӣҵӵݣ׹ңʹĹݣֱӵıȨЩ룬Ϊ
һ۾öû书ĺ⡣
ˣڻʵ۸ǰ׿ڳӵ˽ˣͬʱҲǰӸ׳ˡ 
ʵ۶ļıϣ⡣
ҹҲЩˮԼð⡣棬жϣϳΣȷˮ©
һȨıҡ
ֻǣ̸ֽܹǱ޳ġ
ɽ裬ǰ·δϣ뿪ףȴѡ
˺ãҹ鷿棬վڸ߸ߵĵϣͷǶΪȥʱ޾롣




ĹĴǸ
Ĺս֮ʱ, ԰űķøԼֵܣԼ, һȺϸ, Ǳй۶, Щֺõ¶
СıӸ׽ס, һ֪η, ¹ҲİõأԵ, ˯, סùߡһҲûѻӵıŤ𣬷Щ͢ҪԾԳ֡, ݣû˸ڡ
ٺĸҪͣսͣΪȢĹ, ţֵ߱λ, ȵǵϢҲûдϲ󱯣ֻо˰գǽʵ
, ĻʵǼּ޹ԸȨֽϣ󳼵棬ǩһݸͲּۻ۵ĺ̸Լ֮ʱҲ˵͸ǩֻѺʳɽ
󣬱ǴǸӲĺ׹񾩣̤Ϲ֮·׼ȷ˵Ǻ׹ǻƵĶ飬Ӵª̤Զ֮·
ɲǵĻʴλѾΪȥδĹݣֻҪȥƴңƴƴδ֪ԣҪĹʵ۵㲻ھͼ޸ʱ˿̣ܹһе·ҪȥֵܴܣѾ֮ˡ
ԣ¹ųζ飬ʮױӺ̣ɫͷգĿ׳ң֣ͣף̴ʣŹŮǵĿ޼ڶߣС 
ùĺ׹ֵ˷̣֪ڣûյ㣬Ҫ޵ˣǺǰ·ˣǱ
ͬʱԼҲúƣЩί
Ϊһֱ׵Ķ鶼߳񾩳ǣʮ·ûƼĿֻ֪Ǳʵ۳谮һλۼ̡һ˳ױƣͿɿһߣȻλģǾӡǧ֮ı߾ϣУĥ±Դ
ϲϲֲûںĵ¡аµԱǣƺû˼⣬ƺҲĹǺͷۣʵҲںҪȢǺθ߰ݡҪǣֻʵɽѡ
ǣȻⳡǣôôôţܵȼһ̸һ̸ɡ˵̸˵δֻ˵ݵĴϷϾҪٵĴ磬֮ڵ֮
£ٵǰվſڣ׶飬ͣ³׽ǣһվҹޣӣЩѺױƵĽһ𣬾͵Ӫ
Լļª߸ߵվڳԯϣ˳ҲһǰæµæңȻһ֪Щѵص
ǣЩ̴ǣĻӸˡûкϳʲôҹ˯
ûϵԼչԼϰˡ
̾ӳˣЩǱ񾩣ھеµʮţڽ׶һ񾩳ǣ˿̣ʹӵǰ˺ѹѹһƬ
ķ䣬ǲʹ
ǰͷĴȻԵһܺ׵Ĺ¼ҹˡ
ҲûйϵЩпõɳҲա
Ŀǰæµһ̧һɢһصţȻ̧ţֱվſȥ 
ҪȥһȻ̸һ̸
ɴϣ̴м䣬Ӵǰ֮ǣǷõȴֵò֪˭һ㡣
ӱҲ۾ڶͷϣĿһеؾҲʶЩˣҲûбҪʶЩˡ
ڼ֮ǰֻҪͨһˡǸ˿վվſڵ̨ϣɨǰæµĹؼ֮ˣʹӡ
һüէһţ浣ʹͷ
ٶһƣͼĿ磬ɨδֻ񣬾Ϊ
˿ǰȥ⸱вɱģҲǽŵһμÿμţЩͷۡ
һҵġ ˵꣬ʼЦЦ
˵һҵδӣ˵һ룬ӵɫǺܺãϽĿڳ˹һģͳҵĹӵɫɽĺڳﱼȥˡ
౾룬ǿӲЩ˼ҷԸͷȵһ㡣ɲⳡ׵ǰǱ˵ļһڣֱƵ
ǵһճУв;Ͷ٣ҲѣЩЪϢκˣʹ˵׼ֱӴ氲Ӹˡ
ɡһҲ˶Գ׻һǻλʶף˵ҸܵҪɡø߻ǰֻݣǳûӣҽղһǲ̤ʵһǴĻʵ۱£ң˸
ѾˡͻȻ鵶ˮ㣬ֹסǴ಻֮ƵĻͷһ߽ӹةݹĵǼ飬ͷϸ
ô֪һͷˮѿʵ룬˵ڷ
ǰɽþͰͷҹӽݻةͬʱбſĹӦ
۾Ц˼ǾǸСŮӾȻǰȴϲ֣¿ԭôԵǾ͸øϽһ𣡡
һ˳ˮ۵˵ţһͻȻƶΣۿҪվȥ
ӿδʵۼֿ죬һǡõǰ
ףʲô˼ЩֲˣӾһ׵ʹ٣ôִŵͼʲô
ûʲô˼ʱ㡣˵˵ĶԿѹһΪ˾ķΧ֮ڡ
ܴ˵üͷͻȻЩõĸоӺЩ򵥵ĹϵɲһɽţĬأһƹ
ܣӵɵ͵ͳģ赭ûϣȭһ㡣
õһΣſڣҲǣҲǡ
Ĺô죬Ҳãʱ˿̣ƺѾ˼¡й۾ܣλ̸ףӣ˿̣ҪĪѹơ
ԼĴˣͻȻŨصĻɣ׹ʹ˶ڸߴĸоĺܲáţһʱǸü˵ǼϾ
ҲӦǸ㵽ûиĵһ̣쿪ۣƼת
һģεĽŮվͥԺй촽ΪЦӭ΢΢ףٳǷ룺ˣ𻰡
仰һƣϡ
ղ˭˵ԼܹȫȨ湫˵˵ˣ˵ģ
пЦϻǺܺʲôҲ˵ֻӲһЦȻͦͦˣ̧˫ַ˷ߣﳤš
УǺλյ˵ġŮžž˼ҸΪ飬һ棬ɽ֥㣬ſڵϦлζϷ磬ɫ硣
лҪ˵ӣ˵㣬ôܹôûĬСЦ
ȥףֲǼ㣬ΪʲôҪĬ
ӣ
ĳԽԽӲˣӸ˵ġ

̸

, һڿɵִվӴĶǽʦҪˡȻͥԺ, ڶ, Ŀɾ, ͷ⽥ʱ֡
ԶĹĺ׹, ͷһҹ, æңͷȴ徲ˡ
ͥ϶, ¹Ӱ, Խ;Ѿλֵ߰˼, ǰһתſȺİģվˣ΢΢Ƿ, Ĺŷŵ롣
Ҳһ, ͷŽݡ
̾ⰲͷ治С
˲䣬̾ϢδЪ, й⾰Ҳδұ߶顱һСʯ֮Ӳζ飬Ͻ̧һ棬һָϾ촷ۡǹ΢ȴޣĶˣ
ĹεķףǶһ̫ϲ׷ɻڵҰֻҶ£Ƕһֻ붹СӶѣϸҲء
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׼ͷСϣŹеľ
ǹʣűߣеŮӣһ۵ĺδʣȭ䣬ֲֻһֵָֻϹһСɵʵɵҡţЦõ⡭̧̧˫֣죬ȴ֪˵ʲôã־ѵɨһȦ»ʲôص
˱뺷Ůӣó㣬޿ޣɻ̣ɢһϢСĵΪãУǰͰеǴͷƤʼʹ
ƫƫǰĹ£ûа˵ԾЦӯӯأʢǰߣϣ˵
˶񣬲Ŵǰ𵶵£Ҳ׺ˣھһ˵һ񹭵кʲô˼
ȻǵһμˣȻԺ󻹵ôܾõĽÿˡˬˡ
ûʲô˼һԣܲƾһ֮Ϳɱ㣡棬ﵶˢˢʹǽǺֱۡ
Ҫıɱ׷𣿡ۣӦͻأһԼƢԣѿµ
Ҳ޸㣡ҹȹգаۣñֱһһ䣬˵üѶûܹıҵ⣬ҵɣҲҪȢҵġ
Ů׹̣;վľ϶䣬תϦԣĹżׯٲȻ̸֮СǣȻûа·ơ
һʼˡ
̸Ѿ̬Ź·˰
ΪԳΪرһж׮Ļϣ磬ļױŮһͲ޲Ȣģǻ̸ë
׹·ˣͻȻĵ˵ޣǼ˼
ʵƵýͬʱҲᵽЩΣϢĪ͵㣬δ
֮ǰѾ޹Ρҹ̹˵룬һġ
һ㶣Ҳȥϸ޹ʲô˼ֻĬһļҪҡͷϵν
Ҫģֻһǿɽһ֧ǿľӰ̣ģν
Ӳ˷򡣡Ůӣִ³ޣ̾һ̭Լӡ
ûϵҵӲǶƤӣЩ쾢ġ
ֻҪֵжĹѣһǵҪȢҵġҲ㣬Ҳȫ㡣ֻҪӦң³֮Ǳһɢɡҹɫ˵
Щ£Ѳҹ˵˼ҲҪ
ǿѣúã˽£һѣڷޣǲ˰ɣʡ࿴ᣬҹ˵ţ΢΢Ƿһֻ֣ԽߴľĸҪҪ󣬻ݻȡ裬̸֮ԼӦã롣
ȻϢץסǽذӨһգˬص˾䣺
ɽ
ҹյˣϽֳȥ˶ǹġ˾죬ֱͣ
ͣ
Ȼ̸ˣŸɵ۸Ͻˣ£æġ
ȭָζ귽ǻĴУⴽδܽϻε˫һ̧žһסأ˸֮ơ
Сͣ£ȥǻعˣüβһʵ
ҾͲˣ³֮Ĺʺ㶼ϡ㻹
ʵ벻һ׵ĹԣʲôǱʺ飬ȥߣѾͳŵļޣ翪˹ܻͷļʲô·ߣ
ұ󡣡ҹһЦ̾һŵǺʵЩĳ治ĸ߰ζ
ʲô˵ȴ⣬ȷʵе档Ů˵ЩʲôԣҪΪĻֱӵİ취ɱңڸղ֮ʱѾ֤Լ˵֡һӽˮʱԣͻȻ治֪η
˵ˣҲҹЦһö˵飬˶٣·𿴴˼ֲһ䣬ģһȫ㣬ΪҪݹ͡
ԶУΪܹȥŹͣرػ񾩣ſڸǰһͣͼ֮Ҫȥսһҹѵ뵱ΪʲôسͲй
ִģ˵ᶮ˵ᳰЦ룬֪أʶôϼ֥顭
вƬ̣ͻȻ˸ۡȻ۱ߣ̧ˡ
вҹ׷ǸӰ˻ȥ
䣬Ѿ߳˷䡣һҰԣ˶ҧ
ĹӺ̸У̽ʼԽͷܸա
˵Ļñ̬ĳŵΪѰϡԺ飬˭Ҳ˭˭ҲԿϣе̹
ҴӸղŵĶԻз֣ҲѶԸ
֮ˣѶԸ
ҹͻȻðһͷͷһİ̾ǰĥƤӣţʤ⣬ʱһɨ⡣
Ϲ䰵ԼҲ·ԳְԭΣУһš
⣬νźã
ԴϴںµϼϣԳҪĹĹʺ˦֮󣬴˺ô죬ףޣ̣УҲû棬ǣ˼ˣһֱûۿ˵ˡ
ҹ֪϶Ѿˣ϶Ǹһ˼뱧Ĺӽȵţ֮һţʵֱӰѵ뻢ƫƫʹ΢һ룬֪ǻʵڽҵˣȴҪҵƣôῴء
ðɣ̰ĽٻϲȨƣټһŮıң˼ҵţʹ
ĿӣҲҪġ
¼ȳʵĺ֮ǰƺƵĶ飬һʵ֮ǰĥһʹĶϷ
ǣе룬ֲ֪˵˵˵
Ҳǣ˵˿УʧԼۣﻹ
ԽԽᣬһ飬ҹ޲ץͷҽС˫һͷŷ֣٣ͷΣأһ׸ϼƵعϣУһ
գģԡҹʹſڵŮ
ĵɢеķգˮɢһƣҲʹáԽߣԽѹýվ̹һЩ̹һЩɡ
лҪ˵ҪϴˣӸ㿴
ǲ?



պͰ, 湫Զޡ
ɰ˽˵ǳԶ, ȥĹһѡҪ, , ҪԶ޶֡
պͰģҲ;ڲ, ֻԶǽ, ô̺򣬻ô̺
;еʳסУԱչƽյϰ׼, ʶƷװ˼󳵡Ǵ, ;վãҲ, ʵûҲҪùԵ⣬̹˯
, ƽյϰ߿ĵ, ÿնҪϴġ
ԣСҪԡʱˮ硢㻨¶Ѿ׼ˣʳҲ׼ˡڶЪ½վСʱ, պͰûжͲŮ
ŮֺԵعȰǵĹ£˳򣬸ţʳȻԡŶӾˮݣСѹȥ  
ҹ룬ȳЩƵĥ˰죬ŰԼݽˮͰߵһյƣһµ־һţһ߷
պͰģɿ˵ȥҹ⣬ǡи̾£γţתƵģˣóԾͳԣ˯˯һע⽫ӡ
иӣҲúοʵҲ֪ȥĹԲѵظǵԶŶѡǰ·δϣܹ֪أҪЩ
ԣͻȻǰסǰʲô֮ʱպͰľϬأΪ˽ȥ˵˵Ҳһĵ֮١ 
ͬػػڿ顣
Ҳȷʵڿ顣
ųȫѣС˸ߵԡͰŶƹ顣
߿߼ǣһװԻó;Ϯ׷ٴ̽һǹԻɲսһؼԻ䡯벼
׵Ķ飬ʮպ󣬾ͽ߾ʱȺҪİŶ硣ǣҹȴֱ߽ʿѪȷ˵ģҲʣֻֻܾϵϵϻǰӣȥҪԵģҲ֪һȺ֮ʦ˵һԼ˵Ҫ¡Լ̫ˣû׼һͷ֧ʹ 
ԣǵó磬ȶ˽һЩ֪֪ˣҪЩʤ㡣Һã˾ϣЩܷľڡ
첻ݵ֫˯ҧҧҡҡԴѹסһ쳵ƣٿһҳ
ｫʮ壬Ϊ˻䣬ùơ㵹ǲܱĻ䣬ɲĪʮжܿʯӲʹٽǹΪеһ¿࣬그£д࣬Ͻأ缺δ䡭Ŷʮжôͣδǲ̫󣬰˸ˣ
Щζ˵Ի龳ͻȻһ쬵̾Ϣ
ˣС
ŵһһвӣֱͷˮꡣֻѣ̫ϤϤ޵ݡ
ı׾һαȥ
鼱ת־ôкϢأͽˡǽڣһ͵ǱС磬ڰڰ͸ﵲס.⣬֮ڵǰû׼ǰƤӰϷһ㣡 
һʱ䣬ҹգֻң޴ɶ㡣ˮȷʵˣҲܲȥֻҧأȥƤšŷԳۣ̽ӣŹűϵ¼ܡץŰĸ׼˿۱߽ǣһѳҲ˲ϻʪĵˮϹһԡͰ
˳ԡԼܽسˮ繣ԼĶˡɶڴ˿̵ҹֻ˵Ϲߣ´ˮˮһƬ·ɽ
ߣԽԽңԽԽţǾľʵذ壬⻬ޱȣˮһվסšŽŴԡͰȻúܲҡ
δüһΣ໹δü˿ϵһϵǰʲɲбֻáˡһˤˡ
ˤӣҲˤü䱿׾ˣǰ㣬泯£ͷͷһ㣬ڵϡ
ǽһʹѽ۶ǣȫԼġ
δسһ˫ɫѥ棬ֱ׹۱ߣѾƵصݵƤ¡ҹ̧ͷȥ˵ɫֻ۱΢΢ε۵ƺǺ޲ϵѥӼҲ֪һȡЦŶȡЦ
˵ˡҲûˡ
Ծſڵϣ̧˫ס棬ӽ£Ųˡ
ôͷϣӵУңԶ衣
ʹҹ죬èһ.һ䡣˵ʲôоֵֹģͣʵˤù۵ģʲô£Ӵ˾㲻ˡ
ԣܲҪʲôҪ˵ſԡܲڵϣͷ߰ɡ
ӵͷ˿ϵƤް񼡣磬ź֬Уջȴ֪סͷЦһ㸩˫ҸᱧС㣬ǰվá
ˤˣվסǽϵ˫֣ҲûȨ֧ܡ
һǽ壬ƹ綹ϣһԱˣ֮࣬ĵ򢣬Űź
Ҫǣе˶²壬֮
ӵߣ˳ɫСǣһ㣬һأ£¡ɫ⣬˸
ҹһ̧͵һģΪѵЦˤǱϽ˿ЩͷŽˣ˳ϵ˿һᣬٴһᣬٴ򡭡һᡣ
˿ܳԴϺܶᡣ
Ϊӵƣϣű˿ޣЩ̡İ㣬ϢЩѬȡ
֪һûûʲô·վһǰ˿Ϸʲô˽ᣬָʲô
Щ£Щ
ԣᡣ
֮䣬ۻ໰δ˵
ˣӼûû˵أͷһ˿ڵĽģͻȻûغһһѰסҹ˫ֹ֣סǸĶʹ˼£ȷͣˣŷſ֣˺ƹߡ
Ҳôģ˯ɣҾڸڡһߣһ»
ˣϢʲôû˵ߣһ磿 
ҹ˲񣬸Ͻ߳磬׷ǱӰʵңʲôҪ˵𣿡
űߣ̧ţԶ˶٣ͷ˵һʱ˵ɡ
Ŷ
ҹЩʧ·磬ЩġҲ֪ΪʲôʧͺͲٶһһ㣬˼Ҷ䳰ȷҲܡ
˵öԣв
ڷ¼մʪķ˿ĵԽ𪣻ɵ˿£סݣ˿һѣŽѾվڵذϣһ˫㸡΢΢Ө⣻ͦñֱȴִͷɥʶⴽ죬ֹ
Ӳͷʱľ˵Сģ
һֱڱݿࡣ
ǣѾȵţһϡ
ת߻һ֦С͵ϣ˼磬§ʵ˱Ѱǲð뿪̴ڣʵһڣһ...صľèˡһ߳ţһ߸ޣеһ֣̽½һ֡
ĲָҲ
ĩˣһƺߴϢߣһۣȻ͵ȳɹèһָǳЦĨĨ죬ͣתˣ
һ֨¡죬ѾûӰ
ҹ˫ĿΣڷŵľĶ֮У·Բ⣬ģġ
Ҫˣ
ô죿
ϲ⸱Ŀ£ŵҰ￴¹ڳ¹£ȴ.ޡ
лҪ˵ˣԽϲɧۼˣһڳʵɧţʣд

;

ʱ, ж
Ȼʲôû˵, , ж֤, û
Ȼ, Ϊʲô, Ϸ˵ʲô, Ŷ, ˵ˮˣ˵˯, ڸڡ
ǹ
Ұοİһһػζ֤ҪĦϧ˵ľԽԽΪȻ, Ц
պͰĽһʰ, һߴۼŹϥڴϣҧŰƬӣЦһģŮӶЦ, ͳŹֲֻ˽£֤ˣ˹أĺ⡣ⲻ⾰鲻
飬һҹʼһֱ
ԽߣԽȣ·ԽߣվҲԽԽ£ûʪͷɢܣֽŸףҹﻹҪܼªңӲ崲̣ó涣ҧʳҲԽԽ
ǣЩӰ첻˹µĺ顣
Ȼӿôһüۣ¹ɣÿܻʱ䣬˵仰ǽͷŴһ񣬾мѺ˵Ļݱ仯ޡ
һ￴ĸоҹãˡڳյǰӵĿ֮£ЩҴţ͵͵Сϲִ̼ġ
磬еþˣӻߵС˲ʣȲȰ۲۰ҪҪͣϢϢȻȣҹǻһƴȣ˦ĺظʹղ˵ȣۣ·Ҫ
µг̣ôվ£͸
磬һЩشɫζʳģֲʲôʲôģǸʲôʲôζ벻԰ȻžͺܲԣҹǻᰵſˮòлˣתͷȥЩζĸɱˮ 
ӾóҲ´˿̷˿Ӧļѡ
˸Ҳ㡣
ˣҹãӦϧְܸ׻ӻˣҪЩЩһõδǵģǳεģǳѰδġ
ǰĺ֮·̡
ǰδеĳӯҲǰδеسԿ͡ӾһȪԵӲͷƤ߳񾩣ȴؿһء
һܹжȥΪĹء
жȥ¹ȥƴȥɱȥᣬпֻۣ࣬ᡣ
˵ֻζζҲǹܵġ
µգļµأﳾĵ·нĶ飬سƵеȣѾĳ˷ɵĳȻ޼¡ĵĺʪ͸£ͷϵĺ޽ǡ
ȳȥ͸
ŵĵظ顣ĹӣΪɣԼªѾüˡ
ΣĹֻ죬ҪЩõϢֻΪ󣬶һࡣ˵иֶˣ˵ЩлҲġ
ɹڡҹ̽ͷÿĴߣ˿ͷ̳棬ҡҡͷܾ顣ȣɹɺ̿¡԰ΪԺҪȥġ
ȥĹϼģͲˡѾܹ˵ЩЦ̧ԼƤһѣó걥յڷɫ˵
ҶҪȥҹӸһۣҡ죬ûʾҰ֮ص
˶ǣסȥ죬ֻһָۣмС̯Ƥͼ˵£
ˣʳָָͼĳ黭һȦ
ֳǣҹͷȱǴʶϳ˵
ԣֳǣĸûϵϼңشߵأǼǽѹͷ
ˣѾ̯ŵͼо˰գһĹ֮ŵء
ֳҾ˸£ȻĸײˣûؼӦûǻҡҴ˳Ǿݲ;ϡ裬ݳչ򣬾ͿԽǡΪݵ㣬ͼǡ ֽ˼һ
ҹŵͼǸСԲ㣬ȱã
һۡ
ԣĸ׳ûؼ壬ûĹп֧Ĳ壬ӵͼֳ߾ɽˣѡ񡣿ͳԶ׼ĵΪʲôĥ˰գָص
˸Щʲôˣ ҹƾһֱֳһʲôɵ顣
üβǾƬ̣Цһ̾Ϣ˸иŮȥ˵Ҫ޸ҡ
ðȢǣҿ֣ҹ֣뿪Ц˵
ǽˡҹɲΪѣһƵѻӣͼ̣ͨȢһѵţѰҿɽҲΪ
ҹû뵽ǣĹӣЩʱ˵ıŤüͷҡԴԼǶ㣺ҴȥֳǣȥȢʲô
ҹһģˣҲһһ۵ȣ㲻õңҪȢ˭ûйϵҲںǺСںҿ˽ȥ
ûͼԣˡ
㡭˵в𣬶˵˿ͷϽգЩһԼѴҡת־øв˷ϻʲôĴ飬˵ҲʡĿࡣ
ҹ֧֧أͷᣬĿӯЦζصġ
غһַ̧⣬ȴֳˡ
˹ˣ˵빫顣ϢĬյȴڳ
ϳɡҹһϲϽӻôգӶôģ֧ʹ仰ͻȻҪ˵ܳ
˵ն˶٣ӲͷƤ˵Ĵ¸꣬˵빫˽£»رһ¡ 
ǡŶ̲סһߺģнţ˱֧׶ġˣ
Բסˣرܣҹȣʾ³Ӻòڹ컯в֮
⡭㡭ָָ⣬ָָҹǾú޹֪ǹģҪʱ˵ʲô˽£żҪ³ȥɹ̫𣿿ǣƾʲô
ҹ״򴽣ӽнЩͷһ䣺ҵɡ
ƾ
ҹΪӵĹϵǰڡԺҪĹӹͼı̹ЩȽϺáҲ˼֪ҪʲôģǾĲˡ
سֵһʲô³ȥʵҹô˵ҲǺ⣬Ӧ뵽˵Ĺϵ򵥣ǣҹôĿŵ޼ɵ˵е⡣
ҹ⣬ò˵һԼʲôģҲû⣬ӳ˳ᡣܹǰˣȥ
ͣ깦
ɫСһߵͷԼһõĿ
·ˡ

лҪ˵ϧˣ˵ֻ˵أ㵽Ҫʲô



ҹӵľٶð̴, ӻ⣬ֽŷӦҲ, һ, װŲؽϰõĳӸ, ζڹ߶ʱ, ͻȻ, ȵģģ.
˼ؽ̧, ڿ, סԼ̲סҪ¶һ˫ˮͫɫ, ٵأС桭òڽµɡ
˵ҹ̰˵ε˵ĸҩŰһ
һߵͷ, һССƿСϷ, һ߲أѺػ˵ˡ
ƿСɾ̧ȴײҹ۵ľ֮ɫ
ʲôһ, ΢΢ĽգӦĻӣԼ֪ġ
ûûʲôҹҪȴװģٷӣͷȥ
˵ôˣôֳ󻶡
һҧ̣һϲ˳ֱϣ˫ŤѩµŽ̧ͷӣ
𣿡
ӵаˡ
ɫһغסˡ
Ŷҹùɣͷ֣Ծת米ӣȴ̲ס͵Ц
ӰСŲˣԼƿָմЩҩ࣬ں󾱡ͷĨˣָֻһࡣ
صžѨλ˳ܻۡȵĴУľ伡ϣģѬѬģãȫҲŹͷˣֱĻﵹ
֮ģŴŵģһ̾һ͸ŹУʹ˼죬ôң
ҹ͸ЩԼʲô˵ζֻ˵ϱܵںЩ.ɵɵЦЦ𻰡С飬ãԼܹ̹ȥġҪȥֽ꣬˵ģСʹͽп죬ôɡ
ӼԼŤŤҵһϷһѣɴʪģü˵±𴩴ˣȹɣСֻҪЩ˵ȵĳ޷
šҹӦţ۾Ц
ӣá
֪ȣʹʱʱеСǼԴףմ
ģϲ  
Ҳ˲Ϻʪһɾ϶һת˹˫˳ȥĺϣʮָۣץˣԷ˦
ӱһһֱ̧סḧ
ͷյգȣ㣬ѬµĹϢһ壬űϣһͷײĻѹýģӾã̫ò
ȴֲƿ
ΪʲôҪƿԽ̸ԽͶ̸˹ѣһò׽ǸʶȤĹӸ쿪ѰЩο
ɫһ򶨣ͷ䣬С¹һײ.ֽ꣬סЩЦ
𣿡
ȡҹֻǽʵϣ͡ѾȵȻˣ˵ϵȱȲеȣӾǹƣǵ
ңΪʲôҪôãղӲϰƣһֹ
͡ᾫСŮӣʵɵ棻죬ȴĴش¶ˣֶΣʵҲƭȫ˶ˣΪܹһݹͣȥʵ۽ѵܹȵسȢ
ǰҹ֮ʱֻӦţÿɷⲻ֪е𶯣Ϊ̰ĽȨƣϧһ׮Զ޵Ļȥȡٻȴִ֪֣
㵱̰Ľٻԭ޸Ǹ߸ٹ⣬Ҳˣ͵һ̰ˡҪЩȨҲ˳˱ǡΪ֮飬Ůӣжּܹٻջ
֪ôʵϣôɵ
ʵ̸϶áϣߺģ䳰ȷʹЩֶΣԵ֮غӹİ⣬߰Įؾܾڡȴֻĺá
Կ
е밮粨ӿҪ۾˳Ͻ˵ЩԼ鶯ѹȥ;úôϢͼļױ
ʲôͼģҹͷЦöȥ߹ǣƴֵ˵һ˳ױƣǰÿնأگͱϣȥǣҲʹ
ãպݣҪΣʹöȺûɽӸӣֻܱͺá
Ҳԡ룬˵ͷƴǵӦˣȻǼױȻǸҵġ
ҹԣ͵̧ͷֱˣϵϹŵһѺɰ׹
ʲô
ŪһO@졣
ˡӼ״Цֹסگͱ㶼պðɡҾ˲Ϸ
Ǻ⣬Ķ˵̫˶Ŀ
ҹЩܸУǸѹȹ׹ĩ˹ŵǸС״ĵ㣬
Ǹ׾߰㱼ڵޣĴָСĹ񣬳ɫǲͷǿ龧Өͨ͸Ϻðһ𣬾ԵòۡҲû˻뵽ôҪĶĵ׺ȹ֮䡣
˼ЦøһǶĵƶҲҹѹȹ⣬
Ǿ˵ûôˡҹЦգʧԶȥǹ޵˿пۣһûǻˡ
ӣ㻹ѹȹ棬ÿ̧֣һȹ衣
ġÿ𣿡ҹԳǣҲգʹıȴʹöҲġתеĵɵ֮⣬Ц
ţÿӵͷⶨģ鼫档Ǻԣ񣬲ڿϵСޣ˳½󡭡
ҹϽһͷƼԼŽ볨¶һƬˮɫ£õذǰ
İȣŮ§§һ¶Ҳ˵黰ƻϢ
ҹ;ãҲûûƤˣԳЩҪ½ߣ˹أ˹ȴδڣ˫ԼǰһԲҲˣӣ͵͵ǰˣ
ҪҪ
δϵ˺գȫѪ͵ͷһӿһգĿתסˡ
ҹһ࣬ͫɫͣΪֲˡԼ⾰ϣ¶żͷС£һԾʵЩˡ˳ȥģһղﻢ£εģɴһ㣬һγϵȥ
֪ûֱֻ̧ͱ˵ڳϡ
¿ɺã˱ˡ
죬ֹ࣬΢΢ҡΣϵŵˣУϢ۾ӣЩ˴۾ĸоѣ
ˣ̰ǽʵ밲ȫУſŲԸˣڻѹѪţҲԸ֡
ߣʱ棬糾ͣɫҴҡľؽĳ棬ȴǱ컡ӿ֣ɲܹһЩʱ̣עҪȴѵƽ꣬ҪŨЩҹͻȻãǰ⾰ʱ̡
ū
ãӳڵζ
Ŷšš˫ֳ׼ɷûòã
ְҹ͵Ц
𶯣ͻȻǣͬʱһѹ¡
ͻǿӲҹһЦΪǲǼˣܲסˣҪڳһΪظоѹĽӲĵִ
֪һ˲䣬ƼתرɫͻȻ̤˻
ϣͷ꣬ûںʵһʱްֻнڣһ֧䳵ڡ
Ӻһѽ𣬹²һ߽϶ѹҵĴá
Ȼ䣬ҹ˫Ŀųذ֧˫΢޷
֮Уǧգû׼ǣû뵽ǣеļӣһʼ
ڣ
ǰһ̣нεĸоӱΪϷĵΣѹɣһ˲Ѫȷ磬յأֱҪȥ


ս

ű, ҳȥ
Ӹ㽫ڳߵĵذ, ȥ
ҹһѳס۽, , ɲȥ, һ, ʶʱ̣ڳﲻ, õӦԡ
ȻŵֽŲͣʹ, ӻ켫ѹп־, µ˫ʲôû˵߬ŵ۽ǣȴɿ
תͷɫˮ, 鼸ȱãȴǿװɵģ, ģο˵£պͰĽ㡣
ţǿװҲǿװôϢ, ҹѾúҪƽЩˣصص˵ͷɿĿӳ˳ᡣ
ȵպͰʱѾඨ񣬼Ѿͷδģֶ˼ִ򶨣ڳߵĵذϲ
ֻҪܿλãľ͵ĳڣԵֵĹˣʱȫ
ģһһԼӣб֮⣬ѰЩ֮飬ϾЩ绨͵СŮӣƽôͻȻ浶ǹɱǰԴݡ
ǽٲƻǽɫ꣬˵˼϶˼ߺˡ
߾˿ܣ׹һ˳ױƣ㹻֮ͽǵˡ
нسոҪЩƴһ˵
Ѿͷ߰һ߶ҹһϽʰǰڵ֧ϸ쿴һͷбǣϡĹ֣Ʋݿ֮ӦǾмʸ
ǾͲǽٲƽɫôˡ
˼ͻȻӦûڳϵļ꣬ƺѹȥ
հĹ֮ʱѾͣȥ
ڳʲô㣿
ҹʱѪͷһȥ
һ۹ٷ׶δ͸Ͷڵ֮Уʲôҵģ
첻µزµĵӣ׳ˡ
һƣۣȴѾ˻ɱ졣
֮һȵء֮䣬ͨĳУǰһ걢Ӱķɼ߸Ϯн飬˿ֻ̣Ӹ𱳺ðŹȵףֱֱ
ջĵн˰յĳӣͼ٣ڷͻļһȻæҡٱ߸ߴֱµһлͳϵ⡣Ӽسź׹ķʢױƣɾȡ⧲ãͷĹʵؽ͵ҪЩ޴ߣȡ׼翳вˡ
֧ðǱڣ֮͵ϮĹġ
Ȼķһ·˦첲Բ׼в֮ʱȴײһ塣ǰѺ˳Ľٻطж飬ѾмΧ˸㣬̣˽ԱУս
Ĺ˵鱨ȷ˳׼ȷʱص㣬ûϵ֧ƣɢĶ飬˿Ӧٶս
֮£ȵ֮ף϶µûܳɢ忪Һ׹ΧĻô˫խ֮䣬б֮£㶼ûȷƣֻ̱ܶӣӲӲɱɱڵء
һ˳أǰĵ·ϣʽ
Ĺ˵ܹ˳ְЩļױҲ˻ȥǴûʤǣץˣֻ˺׹ļױȥСЦ
ں׵Ľ˵ȻѺһױƣǵְ𣬵ǣͼױֻܻһ֮ʱ˲ˡ
ԣһ˫ԹΪ㽺Żսڲ˵״
ȫΥҪǮҪĽٵ
ҹѾԯϡҲ󵨣ֻ飬нΧͰԵĳɱһʱæ泯ĵֿҲûйͷע⵽
籩ۣ֮ȫʵĵط
һֹսĿһ㣬ΡΡվڳԯϣֱŲĴһʱûпںδҲûпǣȴȵصսֿ˸š
׮ٵ¼ȥǰҲ˸š
ԽԽģԽԽ¡
֧Ĺ˵ؾ߾ߣһ·һ֧˵ǧ˵ĵйǱ뾳ڣ˵۵úܣΪûжЩ򶼲۾սڴˡ
ҲྪĽǳܸɡͻȻ٣̳¼н飬ܻطѸ١ϡ׼һ˿о͸ʱ׼ƵġЩѵصĽˣˣЩųߣҲˣ
ã˶ˡ
Ҿ֮Уʮþȣоգˡ
ǣȴһֻӬһܡ
ӭգ̧ͷۣϱߵ¶ͻֺڵأ飬ӰתͷȥϣͬĹ⾰˷ӿ
³ǹɲеľ潫Īġɲ־ҹϰ󣬴˿̣ڼĿˡ
֮˰ڣȥҲ֪һǱˡ
벶ȸںյ룬׽
¼һΧһ֧ĹȦס
׵Ĺһ˳ޣֻյĲǿ˴εն
̬Ѿûˡ
ΧŽǻսͬһӲͷĹˣͻȻӿΧڹȵأܵУû·Ҳû·
泱ӿϾɱ
һΣ˽ӽһս
أѪܵɱ¾..
ҲڲɱĹ˵ʱ˿̣ǾսУһССս
ĹҹаǱо͵Ϯмƣƴһɱһ·ߣڴ˵أֵ飬֮˵ǹų鱨֮Ȼβһټ׼ǣսǮġ
˵ģ˵ģʤ˱ҳ£ͷҲһ̡
ʤ˵ģŵģһǿݣթ˱ҳ¡
ǣҹ˵ĿһɱȻʬҰѪȴ̱ǣͬʱͷأԼڹá
ģҪ
̣ҹͿڳϣˣԹߡ
պͰȰЪţ˵̫ȣһѪңŴ˵ҹһʣǷ񰲺ãҲֻ˵á
ȵرΧ粽УҲֻϵš
翪ʼıʣͷƫʱʤ߿ʼսս
Ǹ潫Īţǰףһţžһϥأľûκοѻǹ׻ֱӳս£һһ֣
ҹ̽ϤǧĹǱ뾳ڣٳֹݣ˧ĩǧβŻ֮һսնǧ࣬һǧ࣬ɻƥ
ʺĪ˵ЩʲôҹЩǽüòҹҲãòǺС
νŻ֮Χʱ̣ѵսʱȴûֻƬվǸ⣬οܾŵ顣
⺷;սƣһʱܲˡ
תͷȥӣ˲ɫһߡ·𣬶Īԣֲ֣Ӧ
û׼ӦϣһƯʤ̡Ȼ֮ǰνͣеĽ̶׼ʱӦսȴڹ
ӣ
һܵĴ̼ˣӦ֮ʱӦӦĪŻ¡
ǣ˼ųŵİºƽȴͻȻ۵һŻһʼ£һڽһڵ¡
µǰڣ֫һδʳȴµϡﻩอĿˮˣúڣͷɹĶѪŵ£ƭԹ֯һľۣ˳ѡ
ӷβԣ֮ʱδ½Ǳ߶ѾӳϹһͷڵϡ
лҪ˵ˣһ£Ӹϴס



ĪԼ
йо, йµ˵˼仰ͰѺ׹˵Żˡ°µ, һϲ, ͻȻһµӳϹ, ֲ, 泯, Ƥˡ
˧ĶӷӦ죬ǰ͡
ִټ, ӻͷ˿йڵϵ, ЩãԼǹ˵ɡ
ĪЩ޹, ֻ˵ʵǰһһεεСŮӣѹɤţ͵Щд秴ǡ
ƽѵǰ, ָߺȣ֪ð˼Ҹųɶ
, 񾩵ĹŮǣֶǵ磬ԶһֱҼŵһ, Ҳ㲻
Īں׹ĳݱϣƬ̣תͷɤߺţչؼҡ
ĺսǽ壬˾
ǧɲսս׵Ľһ𣬻Źҹ̣ݳȥ
Щľжɶԣ֮սȷʵϡƽԼҺԺһȦֽѵһһȺܵҰĻ˵ѡȻ׹ĳӣЧĹ˵ע֮ͽǵϣǵʤøףЩ
û롣
ǸССһµĹ»ô룬ǻû롣ЩľԴӣеǣο졢ݡ׼ػɱκ߾ߣһľ棬ûйġ
һս˵ƴɱģֻǰгͨһ㣬첻۵ĳ;øϻȥ˯ͷ
ǣǸճ˯ת۵Ĺ£ȴ롣
ҹӱϳʱˡ
¿ˣֶ߱ˣʹ
Ե㶫ҡҡͷʾԣҪЩҩƣƫͷ㿪
ҩƿ֮ʣ˫һգǿĳ￿ţץˣôأɵţźӵľ롣
ɵˣ̾Ҹҩƿһ߰뿪ЦһߵͷȥԼ½ҾڰգҲòȥһѪңһǱƣ
ɵˣҹ̧°ͣ䲻һ䡣
˭ˣ̧˫ؿһ۽С˶ǰΪǱЩɱ¾ĵģ˿̿ȷЩԾƵġ
ҹֲӻˡŤͷ°͸һֱϣųϵľƣһźת˻ʣأ
ӲֻؿѾ־ıŤ
ҵδҺܵҹֹǿԶ˵׶Ĵ̹ǵʹ졣
һֱ븩ȥס˵С죬һ˲ָԼҪֱŤ˼ƽϣŬ˳һ̾˵ˣĹһͶˣصñ˭á
ǾͺãԺҪءҹԽ˵ԽףҲԽԽݡֱƹˤˣأȨƺͱɽ٣ǰϵĻã̸һĽףӣ˵ȴ
ôˣӱͻȻ˵Ĺ״Ūһͷˮ
ûʲôҹѾЩǻȴִزҪһЩܴ󵨵ΪʲôҪң£ˣǲǾͻߵͷ
Ӳڳϣš͵ýߵλã

§ڻڲ壬Ч
ҹšš壬ֽţصø
ΣͻȻֹȥץסĽףϣҹˣһ߿ĻҲǺ˳
˶֪ĹϮҲ֪ǲǣ
һ٣׹÷£̶ֻǴ̣Ϊİ㡣ȻʧЦͷ֮£ԭΪ֪ȴûи㣿
ȻأΪʲôеḶ̌׼ҹӲŲӣ׼˵˵ɲ˵һ䣬ãûôֱ׳òһжֻĲ²⡣ͻȻҭסһ㣬һڿˮûؼͷƹϡ
һ֪ˣ׼Цһ˳Ļ˵
ĺɫŨӴĶ飬îžнĹ⣬ҡεӵǻλƵأһһϮ 
ûг񾩳ǣҾ;епܡǶݣͷһ˳ɵʮݿһ긳˰䱦ж˵ǣ
л͵ĽҵУһ֣ѡģеŮߣҵ֣ˣһŵȻģ
̧֣˳һֱߵĳڣЦҲ֪Լ˶ٱʱ·һߵĺľսı׼ģֿܵٲ󹥻ԣҲ֪⳵ţǺȡ
ȵð̣ȴŲǿġ
Ǹʶˣ֪ȫ㲻ꣿųڣζһس˼ҹС˼
ΪԼã⽫վĹҸһ㣬ʱϣûԡĹı߾߳˰лƽأգԣܲ͸ĲҲĿ֮һҹоһԷûмʱĲжĹҹǱ룬ݵ̽β棬ѾķӦߣ˴ҲҲ˵ܸڽʱĹ˷ʱִѾٶȣǰϢ͸ҡ
ҲĪҲûбҪ֪ңȻңĬܻƽܽĹڹȵףȴǵĵҪʣΪʲôҲܹӦôʱΪÿյ׼վֻһѡ񣬱顣
ӱĽͣȴһԴϣ֮˵٩٩δѵĿģ˼ȫܣĽ˿˿ۣһһأӿҹ¼ɣȴԵֱִСĲء 
㱾ܵؼǣѾ޴ɲˡһʲôԣʲôõɣһȡֵСŮǸȴ˳ǿҪˣĨӣһ֣һᣬˣ
Ӽ״סЦȥǿнֱֻ§ˣڻʼѪڣһ߳ס
ҪҶúˣҪȾõģҪ̡
ҹµǱˣ˼ǳأӸҩ
룬ڹЩԼеľ£̹ϵ˵˳
ʵ£ҵĺãǼٵġΪִܸɣҲУҲУʲô㣬ǰʱʲôĥ͸ǣʲôȴһۿ
˵ףԱ
һ˵ˣһ̧ƤͰ͵ӵ飬רעأӣֻ˴ϾĻδš
Ƥ֮࣬ʵЩľĹעص㣬һҹ˺Щؼ
ҸµģԼΪҪƭңҲֻκģͱƭȥ֪ʹթ˵ҲĸԸҪʲôҶȥģҪˣҲֵߵߵذǮ
Լ΢ϣ֪ɵðȴַܲһǰÿ¡
ͻȻģرľ
Ȼ޶ԣٴΰǰһѣ˹أ˴ѪգϸͿĸҩ޳ָ毺õĶ쵰棬򳵱ϵüĿϸϸشһǰϵϸϸëҲˣſ֮ǰ˴ش˿
ҹƤβǶڲΪղŵһͷ֮ԣǰ˵ˡ
֪ӲУۿҪ˦֮ʣȴСϵӣ֣ȻѥͲһذףֱֱݹʾš
Сɣʾ£ûǶĻƷһҺ⣬ӹһ࣬ģӦǾƣСõ
˵öԣĸƤôģֿ̤ʵҪҪõӰҵʿһ
˵ţ̧Լ½ֹ߬ԡϱЩѪңɫ䣬ԣǼº͵ȴмɱЩĻƾٶʹȴһˡ
ǲ˰ɡҹڨڨأϽЦ֡
Ĳˣüβɫ׷˾÷Ļᣬܿϧӡ
ҹҡһͷҡһ£ҡҡ˲˹ġˣ飬治
ҳȥΡŻɫ½׼³ȥ
㡣ҹϽذ׵ݻȥ
Űɡʮ꣬һεݣ׸ҵǷЯ͸֮ãһ죬Ұˣͱҡ
˵ŷЯ˶İ֮͸İŮˡ


ʼ

߷
󽫾, ѫϽ˧ͱʮ, Ͻ˰߾ߡ
Ϯ, Ϊ, ѫ, 
, Ƕӣȴû߷佫ǻ񾩳˾١
㲻ʮôֻ񾩿ƾĹȥˣ
׹ĳݳ, ҹų, Ȧǰĸߺǽ, һʳһֱĺ档
һɳأεضĳǽ׵գɫҫ۵⣬, ֺã, ǰ㣬ס˯̣ˮȰ
岻С, ڴһ䡣
Ŷķ治УҹҲǣǰĻֺǽͳͷĴǵ羰Ĳɣڴ׷һ䡣
ġƳһ۱е΢΢Ц˵ļ¹֢ܲùͶ٣ǴƽﳹҹѲĹϸڶεڹĵϯϣҹۼġ
ҹת䣬ϵȴѾãӶҪ
ȡȡĹӸϽɿס˿˼˹۸еĶԻ
ԴԼ...ֱ̯ƣһ˵Էɣһ˵Էδӣ֮ԾأҲȥܵˣ޲˺Զҹľ롣úܿҲԼҪģҲףҪõԼҪģҪȽ˭֮
񾩽⼸꣬󰭡ûļٿȣǹ˵һ㡣
ҹʱѾεʱǽ֪Ĺּ찵ԺԼĿҲϽЦٶ໰
ʵжԵġ󰭡ǲΪȻģֶʵʡ£һ˯һ֢״ܽ󰭣
һ˼⣬Щ࣬ЦҲɢˡ
ڼܰܰӣǣûĹ֮У;Σʱʱĵǹ꣬ɱ˵᲻࣬Ҳûйʹ
ֻ֪ԼŤ̽㣬֤ж٣
ģ͸ͻȻ˯һ㣬飬糱ˮӿǰĴ̣Ҳûʲôÿˡɳл䣬ڸİأţĿģ˼
ս̣ȫҪǣֻһŶҪߺðȥˡ
Ȼݳǣȵ˶ʱ̣һҪúõأһ£ɵ״Ĺġ
ǣԽļԽԽԲȶ
ƺƵĶǣ׹齴󽫾
ǰĹĺ׹ݣգͣݳ߾ĹȻ󣬱Ṇָ̀ĶȥĶһаԭļƻ
һҲӦе
Ͻձ߹ؽʿӭѲߴ󳼵ڣԽ׹һ·ӭլԺӦھͬ򣬵ϽƷԶھǣݳֻиǣҲǿ㹫ˡ
Ȼ󣬽һ죬һģй䣬е÷šǸˣˣǼһ̸һ̸ˣһûš
Ӻææ׶밲٣æ׽ִС˽¡
Ҳææľǣ֤ԼĴڸУԼֵðɡ
ϽҲæڽƨɶûŲһ£һһ£սı
ĪҲæи˵ְæ
Щæµǣ˴󽫾ΧһĹͼæһš
֮ܶԼǽԾãΪףʵΪսôǵ¡ں׵Ĺ;Ͷ٣;Ϯ˾ţլЪţϢǡ
ԡһߣٳԵóԵģǹµȫ¡
ȴô롣
Ϊ飬Ⱥǣһܿɹһߣô£֮ǰп֮ѣĽʿĵѰܽگϱ֮࣬һҲûг֡
ݳǶ顣ӭϣ޿ޣµЧϣǣдС۽Χֱ·ˡ
Ͻ飬ߴģ·磬ɤţ˵仰һչüЦе㿴ԼҹŮζС
ͬҲ飬˼ϸ壬ֹ壬̸£ݳǵ£߾ϵ£֥С£ҳ̣Сսۣʤܣ޻̸ף渵ʵȤ
ҹһֵĴ·εġǽݳǣ˴󽫾͸ˡ˾үһ
ɲǾ˾үʺĸ۹ʵĻ־뷨̫ƣһӦ
ҹ⣬ȵıһӰЩʲô顣ԽҪһ
ƫƫѡ
˼Ŀ϶͵͵ȥˣȥɴΣҡͷŬ˵¡
û
һֱ죬ԼլԺˣѾϴϴ˯ˣڵߵĲš
˵棬빫ȥһ
ҹһӴҴЬ˿©ʱ̣һȹͳȥ
¹ͥˣһɫͶµӰУȴ¹ԣֱҹɫᡣ
ҹӿ鲻Խȥ㽫һס
ŵһԵĲϽס۾ӣִָҹҪ˵ƣϽ»ȣԶԶ￪ȥ
ôң
ű۽סǸһͷײС˶һ̹ȹͳűߣԽԵϸڻȴģֽʵЦϷ˵
š˶ţ̹ϲ䣬öؾҲ䡣
һˣزģ飬ֲİġ
ӵǾе⡣ղͻȻŮɵģӵģ˫ʮָϿ۳˿ۣţƤһһ㡣ִйġȻǾ´ޱȣѰ˼䣺
δף˵˻
Ŷҹŵġ
꣬ŷֱ˵⣺ȥ磬Ҵȥͷߡ
ԭҪȥҹΣ·ģ˵Ҫ߹¡
ǡ˰ɡҹЦţϵɣ̫ˣȥЪϢ
ʵһ죬ȫ£ͷƤֺͷܹȥ磬һߡ
ȻҹģĲ̡ǲְҹ˯ߵˣ˼ȴǸתݣһҪ
һ֮䣬ͻȻãҪˡ


ҹ

Ĳȥ˽ҹ, ҿɾûˡ
ӻ֣׽ס, һ߻ɡ
ġȥҹڨڨЦЦ, , ȥ壬û, Ҳÿϧ, Ժնеÿ
šתȴеһͱ߬ס, һѳǰ, Ȼϴ, Юߡ˻һ߻ͷ£иͼ
֪𣿡žԺǶ䣬޼ɵʹŵҹϽ̧ȥ, ǲΪЩǽ
Ȣס֪ҹ˹, ˻һ߽ӹ磬ԸϣһЦţߵ
ҹЩ, ɴ۾ĸоû񾩴ͬݵ񾩵ӣҲЩһоڣѣǻصԼ̣һ㡣
ӣҲϲ
ǣδӦǣҹôصۣȥ˫Ƥоϵ˿üĿ֪ɫĹ⣬ܾƽվű˪üۣҹһ֡Ρ
˸Ծջ
쿴ЩգЩֱţһ·˽һ͵Ⱥſڵֹݳǣֱֱǽ¡
ҹеҡҹΣҹĻ˷ܣһЩ˼ЩģӲãһ飬Ҫֱ˵ֲ֪Ӻ˵ǣһεĵĶԻ
ҹûо̣
ӣûС
ǽиʿӭǰȥ˼ʲôŻǣҹϳǽ
ҹͺͺĳǽ棬ʲôÿģ
ӣ¿˱֪
ʯס
ҹƣ
ӣûС
ӷӦϢ׼ȷػش⡣ΪȻܹԾ˼·
ҹ㲻˵˲ϷǽΪʲôûΪң
ӣǽá
ƺȹСÿĿİԻᱧˣϳǽŷżߡ
ҹղ˵ǽãΪʲô
ӣΪҪˡ̴򣬾Ǯá
ҹ̡Ǯ
ӣսãǮУΣ̴ӮˣҪġ
ҹʲô
ӣһ˳ױ
ҹ
ҹȻ򵥵ĵΪʲôû뵽ľˣһӪǿԲеıǣȴǮⲻȥȱģǮ
֪˼򵥣αҹǣĵ
ʧڼ䣬Ѿһǽʾ⿴ҹͷ˿ɳأããһɫ⣬յҲвеһǡ
ҹй𣿡
ӣ
ˣӣ⣬ٴӺ潫סʹǽϵѹͬʱͷסļͷ˵ҹҰĵͺ
ū֪ʲôģҺõúܣˡ˵ҪȢģȢ˻ҪһӡЩ鷳飬û꣬Ҳ
ǡ
㣬˵쿴
˳ӵֱָҹ̧ͷȥ
ͷһֹ£һƬɳį
ͻȻ顱һٲ⣬ɳϣһ𣬻Ƴգһֻҡֱϵĺףڰͣפչᣬֻûһ˲ŵĻչʢȻ˲䣬
ţ顭顭顭һŹ
һһķĻţĿķ˲˲ɢ
ҹͻȻӷᣬӿˮתǰ󣬸Ⱦֱޡ
ԭ߹سͷϣĻ£¹ɳÿģ̻
ĵطѤķ
бĻʦģÿų¥ǰԪ̻Σ
ӵ֫ĺ󱳣
ҹ
ûñȣᲢۡ
񾩷أḻ˿̫ƽѤûڣȵùįؼ䣬һ˵ʢ磬˵Ķ͡
ᣬ𲻳ֻޡ
ɴתرӣؿޡ
޴ʱ˾ͷ£ɳ̻
һ·ʺĻʵĮġ
ίʳҵ裬ҲڸǵСųơ
ĸжңϣһˣڿĺãģ䱦
ӼͻȻϡﻩ޳ɸ˶ָ̧ŮҵˮһբŵģСײͷǿ⣬ǿˮĹբˣԽԽࡣ
еΣҲ֪ӿԼζӦǿĵĿޣҲȰ裬Եͷʹǡ
ǴƵϣŹ¹£һӨ⣬һ֡ʳǣͱͷ򣬴Ƥϣ򵽴䣬ٵ׹ӣ䡭
ӺʵںãͰ㿴ˡ뻨͵ؿǸ
֮ʣóͷԶҹĴɤţߺЩҰ衣 
һ죬ƤƤˮˮ۶һԶԣҵĸӣ㿴
ʵĲ뿪㣬һǧûڣĪָ㣬⾰ƵءǷɳ㣿·Զɷ㣿Ťס첲קס£ӴӴҲҪ㡣
ѽְڣĸҴʯժһͷϴǺСðѽѽѽ鳿ѽʯ£ɢֲ
һͺӻͰףɽҰѽѽѽһʹӻĸѽѽѽСժһɽŮ÷ɰѽѽѽѽ.һӹڸĻ
ɽͷ黳һ׽һףһһ䣬ʱǻʱ߿תʱ⣬ʱ˲ԾЩӦģеײ뻬
üͷ㶣磬ȥᣬеɫؼǡ
ҹȴһЦš㿪ӣתȥſڳǽϣأ͵ЦԶǸɤţʵǡ
ӱôһҲپһ񣬱翿ڳǽϣɳأһһأ˵Щл
ӣݳǣΣ
ҹͦãеĸ֡
ӣ󽫾סù𣿡
ҹУլס
ӣأ
ҹȾкЩ˶ǿ
ӣҸأ
ҹ䣬ʵеġ
ӣǾͺá
ѯ˸ֽۡ
һ󾲺óĬ
ҹΪʣʾãǻʲôҪĻҪ˵㿴ǰĺɫɳ⣬ȴ
ȻԶĴ˻ˣЪӵºͶᶨ߻
ūʵ֮£ƽĶۣдίһ֮ˣͷͼĹλҲһ֮ʱδ֮ʱ߾Ѿ޻˵ԣݣ䣬Ҳû˻㡣󽫾ҲдסöС
ҹŲ̫ԾͷӯӯĿ⣬΢ӣӡ
ûתͷ絶̰Ĺϣᣬлӳ£鿴ųɳأҲкڰеǧо
ֻҪ̤ĹڣͣĹ»صرȫ֮ˣսڽ飬ƾͼƣפֳǣĹսƱһսΪȫƣݱǣͬСҴ׶飬ȥֳǣʱѵصŮٰ㡣
ҹһδ
㲻ضԣ˽ҲվڹһҰģĹȨķеսж顣
֮ԣأһӣڿл뻡סκηء




ӻǰˣˡ
ڶ, 󽫾Ľ, ͥ, ҹ, ŰĵݹѾ
糿ʱ, ͳˡд񾩹к׵Ҳȥˡ˹, ҺͰġҹ͹ʱ򵥽˰ţ˵Ǳ, , ȥֳǣԽԽ, ǽաɽѹ
ҹһѾûǺź˳ü׵а, ˭Ӱ
ɫĹӣ˵ʲôʲô, ҪѾûˡ
Ȼǹⲻ, Һս㡭ͻȻס죬ۺЦ˵ˡͻȻʶֲСİˣģȲ⡣
ҹΪĴ⣬ѾͷƽձֵжϵĻ
ȻǣձȰģʤһֽĿתѾͷ΢΢򦣬˼ǣ㶮ģҵ£ô죿Ȼұ£вȴġ
ūǣȻѶ񳿸ʱȥҲܳУȹˣ顣
ǳ侲գ뵽һ㡣
˿̣Ҳͳ˰չѣȥ׷ҲüҲһԻع⡣
ȵȣһ롣
ҹδɢʹδĶǣ쿪Ů£Դ˫ĿͥӰм⣬Ȱͷβһ顣
ҹӲͷϣ̻Ȼ֣¡ɵظҪݣȥֳˡ
ʱ΢ԾطӦƬ̣ΥʱǣȳϣҪҸ͵͵ȥĻᣬףֵú˳ӣܹɣڴӦˡ
Ӻ⣬³ǽһӿڵ̯ϣ档Ǹϲϵſ˰죬˵ü겻ˣ˭Ӿͽ˵ӡϲһˣһ̳Ӿ˵ǮӺȡ
ʱ;֣ӣΪʲô̯ӾȻƣЦټ֣˵ҹͷڵıʿҪƺȵģֻܺȱǡ˵ȷ䣬ҲͷĴ󵨵أź˼Ȼ󣬾ͷˡ
ôȥģǲˡӱǱţ˵ʲôʲôҲǲˡòƣӰŵʱŤ˼½󲻷ţҪߣ󣬻Ӹڴϡ֮ûڴϹһҲǲˡ
ʱΪǳҾѬͷ˿һǾ⣬пɣ¶ǣھǸӰ
û׼ڳͷϣĵʾҪԹʱӾûɲΪôţҲҪ׼ղų֪վߣӻⲻָҾƣ˵ھϣһ˯ͷ
Ҳ̫˽ˣ֪ϾͷѽôܾͷأĽŲôֹܹݣ˵վǣҲӵվҪȥģҲ
ȼͬģ빲
Ťס첲קס£ӴӴҲҪ㡭ҹͷϣǸ˻ĴҰɽ裬Ī͸ֳҹжᶨ֮־
͵վȹ棬ûȾͷѾͷ
·ҹʹһ䣬תݡ
ȥ׷𣿡Ī˷ܣ׷ıӰʡ飬ѾͷҲǸѪȷȥ˵ġ
׷ȥˣһҪҹ˶ٽŲش𵽣ȥϽ
ҪȥҪȷȥˣ
ҪȥҪȷȫȥȷȥãǵͰȥҡ
˭ܸȷΨһˣϽ

ʱѫϽݴӪ䳡ߵ￴̨ϣһֻ쵰棬˼սԴƣ㣬Ҳ˽С
ص㣬жٶȡպ׹ִݣڽڰչжԣ񳿾½ʼˡԱУʱеȣѾ뱸ǣҹһ֧óسǵļ󲽱ֳǡ
Ĺ鱨ٿ죬Ҳ첻ٶȣϲվͳǷӦӦѾֳվȽŸˡֻҪȻƵĸߵʯͷǣݳ㣬Ĺ»ʾر֮Χֿһأû⡣
ֻҪֳܹĹ˵ľסĸ£붬ʱڣĹڷѩẮ䲻ʺо֮ʱٳ䲻ⷢرֳӦϣɽȺƣڹǵǿ֮ĩΧڳ¡
һӲսҪ򣬵̫η壬ǰһܿüȻа˷ʤյ֡Ͻеǣǰеļϰʿ⡣
Ͻһξ̣ıԦ£սλƷٻЩ޿ޣеһˣ⡣
ΨһĿգá
Ҳɱ¾֮Ӧе﷣뱲ӣ͵һһŮôڣҲ޼¡ʺŮĶӣһʮҲ֪ˡ
ϽֽϣתƵһտ֦ɢҶھӪ˻쵽ʮ꣬ͽϻȥ񾩳Ůɶ࣬ôҲüؼһɣƫƫͷһֱϵգϴСˣǻȢӣ˵òƶŮɫ
Ͻһ׮Ĳôӵۡ
ԽԽȱʲôʲôʤ̶ԣϽǣӡ
˵ǣݳиף˶Ҫ˳Ժ쵰ݳǰУĪڻسһĴڣԣݳļ˶ӣϲԺ쵰ÿ죬Ӵ󽫾ݴӪһ·ױǱŸӣװ
ⲻһ·ֽһӺ޵켦
ǰļû˵ģϽģһֻǳԣ԰ɣ԰ɣմϲϽһϱһѴӣźá
һҧֻںδʣбʿһɧϽŰڼȺƦǵߣŤͷһ̨ϣһˡ
һɴȹڷѩ׶üȴأԵͷȹСʰ׶ϣס˵ĺ˸̨̧ͷϵϽһЦݣ壬ȴʻޱȣеȥȴְڱӸˡ
Ǹסڴ󽫾ĺ׹
ʲôҪȥףˣŸϱá
Ͻ¿м˳ҲйȿˮˣϽӭӡ
ִ֮񣬳£ҹȴִ̫ӣ游
ѣ£оʿѡ
ˣһ棬ϳݺңңؾࡣ
ϽǾò²죬ղŰүƺںȸղǿڼˡ
ҲǣӵĺǧиļϣȫһңǵҳһƬɡ
Ҳɣ
ǰҲɴˬʣ˫ģݸһЦûûΣƮƮ˵
ҲţҪô۹ʣɾ鷳ˣȻүܿÿܻܲƺ
СŮӶ˶٣ԴЦӯӯüۣһϽվô𵶵ױ΢΢ǷС˵
˵ҪȢңԺΣ
Ͻһȥȴͭ壬һ߻֣ԱߵױԶЩһ߶ŰӺ켦
Щ˰ĻԲСּĵѵˣ
Ҫϱˣ
Ҳ̫³˰ɣ


ϱ

, Լ
Ͻ˶񣬱һֻ쵰, ݵҹǰ 
߽ʮ, , ȻһʱûܸŮ̫˼·׵һСô, ˳⺢, ǲǶˣջģͿʼ˵Ե㶫, ᲻õ㣿
Ҳ
ҹֽӹö켦, תתȻ, ͷһЦ̧˵үҲ˵Ц
ͷϼ, бʿܶಡϽ밲, ڿ̨ϣųָָ㣬˵ЦȤǰбʿ㽫ֱͦ, йϣСڿҡԾ
ȻЦ绨촽Ƶ˵ֻͣһԵϽ˵Щʲô
޼۱ѵɣɣã䲻ȢǾޡˣȻˣΪʲôֳǰĹĺ׹
ϽüëʾʵöԡǰΪ׵ĹߵϣͻȻ˵ʵĶϱϽǾãδѣϲ
⵱УĲѣҹ棬Ȩⲩģ飬Ѳ⣬Ҳܹ⡣ǣ飬֮·ұţҪⲻΪ֮ѴУѰҳһܹԸԳ·
ŮɵỺᶨ渵έʯʴ
ԣҵź֮ȴȨ֮ʵǴ۳ɹĹʵۣԼ˿ֻ֮ҪϷңұܹػ񾩣ɵԵϷģҲĽǰֻ̣ɢۺһУڸǰһͻʥּƷϾسйʲܹȫ 
һ˵һ·ߵڵη¸ңüΪ뵨һıȽĳִ֡
Ϊܹػ񾩣ұ뷲¾ԼұеףҳҲվˣݾҵ֮ĹԵͬʹ࣬ǶݳǴ󽫾ĺլȲ裬˵Цԣȥֳǣ󽫾ȫ
Ͻųеݱһػ˼߼תͷؿǳŮɣ˴ʱ˿ξع˼άԼ˼Ȼͷ⵱еڣ
繫ԣװݣȻΪİȫǣȻ⣬Ϸܹţ
ȻҪҶϱˣӦúþʹڴ󽫾ĶҲȥˣרӻͳ׶֦ܣûûѼӷˡ
Ͻĵ׵ⷬû˼˵ǣʵ׹ҲãӵĽǰҲգںģֻҪܱӾС
󽫾ãֳһۣʤ㼸Σҹ룬
Ϸûʤ̡һ˵̣Ͻͦͦţֱ׳
ûʤ㣬ȥ
ǱˣȻʤọ֮̇Σ֮ȥһȥֺη֮һ򲽽ֳѣҾ͸ӦȥãӦû빲룬ΣѵʱӦҪҡ
˸ӣϽܵؽס
ϽٴתͷУ죬Ȼڣ
Ժַʽȥֳǣ
СŮӣ֣µԴǵ˵ô࣬ƶ̯ˣɲֻ֪һҪȥֳô򵥡
ҹδֻЦЦµÿ̨һڴĴߣ֣һС磬Ǳʿһ˷ֽŵı飬ؿʱݵذ˼еĹù˵ָ࣬ۼٱһ飬һ
ಡһٲ֮⣬аġ
Ǹʿľֳ˼΢ЦʾٸֻǱʿϽӱϼϻȡ˫ַϡ
ҹӹңһ֣Ǳ߰ȥѰڸղŵһ֧аĵļͷ֧ƫУβ˼ȥƼˣ˰ϡ
ӣͰѳˣôˡ
΢ǷЩ⣬׼ͷǵеĵһĪĪ󽫾еһƴˡؼǣĪʯӲٲǶǾӦõģ棬ģҲ˼ǽεηòĹ
бʿǣǸ蹭ıʿһִһȺľ
һȺľδˮȹӯӰѾݻ˹ֻص̨ϣϽͷӶ˽
Ȿ£ͷسǵļ𣿡ҹʵ
´ࡣϽĿ϶֮ʡ
Ǿ빫Űšҹһ֣üŪָۣϽһǡ
ҹżΰɡϽҲͲٿֱӰʿš
ãͻȥ׼
ȵȣҪϳͷسǣǣϷӻ


ĹΪֳǡ
Ƹգɽѹէһұ֮ء
ǣʵϣһ˭ϵļį֮ǡ
Ĺģڱ棬һȦԹΪĵķشϿֳǾԶһƧɽأɺʢʯͷＸκζ
˵ƶ񤣬ҲܵĹ˵ӡȴȻϣӼʺĳɽ롣óսĹȥԽȻϣҲϽկ貼 
ԡĹҪսĶһߡ
ֳһıԵش
ֳǵˣĸ壬ûϣҲʱһ״̬

磬ĹʵҪ̣ҪӦûҲ⡣ǣûƵشžӴɽսʱѾòˣܵÿֽſĲ壬Ѿչؼˡû˵ͷҲԼľ
ֱ磬ǳ˰̣Ĳ廹ڹĮƽϴܶûȴֻҪһ·ϣܺܿصԼʯͷǣҰˡȻʯͷ⣬Ҳֻʯͷ
ٱ磬ΣĹңˣ˻ʵۣûΪĸ塢˼ң˵Ӧи̬ȡ֪ûشȲֿҲΨһüΪܵÿ죬ھмλҹûش˱ԼʯͷǣСȥˡ
Ȼʱ˿̣ڵûֳǱ̬ȣѡʱˡ
Ǹǵ˴ùֱֵܶ˻λͻȻײ˴ˣҪ޸ŽľƺƵʯͷ£Ԯ
ţǿǲ
һվĹ»ʵĶ棬֧Ĺ»ʵĲΪС
ŲƤ£ѹѹһƬٳµѹȸУ۾ʹļʹ
ֳǵĳûҰվڸߴͷֻɽӣֻŮļ米˼ãһԲѡİ취
飬˳ǣȥһӵ£ȥӦҪȢΪ飬ô죿




ֳһź顣
ǾǳûҰ˵ĶŮûص顣
ߵ, ǿҶɹú, ͸ź, ΪĽɫ
СҲ, ǣģȴΪ, һ˿л⻬, һ˫ӱ黹ϰ͵νʵ񻣬һ, ſ, ˦ųޣֳһ, һжĽĿĴڡ
߸ϣ£Ǳ׷ڣ¸ЬĴС, ƢҲõȥ
ͬʱЩһŲ, ߲·ǣСʵǲôϵġֺڣִҰġ
, ҲǲΪȻġҪ޸ĹĴҪѹʵĹùĹĻʺ־ǺԶǣڵĴѾ˰Ҫλ̸̣ףɲųԿ
ߣ˱ҲǺϲееƤеͣееΪǣ͡Ȼ﾿ϲʲôģСҲ˵ԼǻûãҲû
ԣ˳ȥԷӪʻʱûصΪȨһЩ΢Լ
ǣżӣ˳ǣ˲һӪʱССƫһ³ָʾʻ򡪡ȼһĺ׹
Ľ֦Ҷŵ֮ù͸ĻʼҹŻˣ 
ӪأһڣЦŹһ˵ˣڱϢһִûص飬׼ʱӭǣ
ֳǣֲ飬
ûصڵձϣ˵쵱֮⣬ղѵĹ󣬳ԥǣ벻գ벻лȨһп飬Ͽ˳飬г
ڵձϣֻƬ鶼תһµĸ߰Ůӣ˰죬Σֻȥ
ʯͷﳤӣһӦ
Ҫ׵Ĺʹ˵
ֹۣܵλֳǵĴС㣬һüĿԻ˵ͬĻˣϢ
ûص鿴ҹһӣ֪ǴͨģȴԼļ֣˵ĸԸЩȡ֣ڴС׵ļ֡
˼˲䱻һ㺳ռˡ
һüĿһէǫͣ崺磬ٿȴ룬ңԶ·߲ʣп㣬ȴ㡣
δӣҲܵӵĵĮЩޣЩ⡣ˮºͣĸ߰Բλࡣ
һʱңת˵¡üڵʣеҪԱעζ
һʴ£ȥ´ӦҪȢΪԼô죿
һ仰ڳʵ̶ͷӶ
һɻ󣬼æͣһʱһʱȥ֪нաȥԼġ
˼Ϣ̶ЦôҪȢãҲ֮á
һſһǻǣҲϲ̫ˡ 
ϲ׵ģĹġ仰Ȼû˵ڣӵ̷
ӼЦ⣬ûس˼ǣȢŮǺ˵ĳ⣬ܽפֳǡ
Ҫһ£仰Ҳû˵ڣǷüβתɫһ˼
಻ԣͷǼİȥ
ûص鿴ǱõĴˣͻȻƲĿƤ£˽ϰ죬˵ʲôüŪۣƺ
ҺӣܲϷˣûصĻһڣβǱһ˦׼İ
ȥ㰢֣Գ֮ˣ֮Լȣĺ֮ԼںضḺ㡣
ۼֿ죬һץסǹǱӣ˲ָΣԴƣʱѹסûصͷ𣬵ǣȴú޲ȥ졣
Ӷݺݵظ̣Լ죬ʱˣְٿѱ磬ٿҲܱ磬ΪҵƣǻΣԣûصҧջعǱޣѯʵĿͶҪõ׿ȷ֮ʱεط˷̧ۣͷʶײ
˼
ûصʵ˳ҪĴ𰸣ȴûҪǵ˼ͻȻ֣һµɣֱ׳һ棬˵λʹˣ˵˵һֹѵķʽ
Ȼ»سŵ빫Ժǽദˣȥ̽̽
ûص˵Сദ֮㣬ŵ㣬벻۵ģ㡣
ԲУմųʪǲסǵܴߴûسˣùܻˬط룬ؽм
ӺƢò׺ͳƺ˳ѡ
ǸˣӪĹ
ûص¸ҵؾĿϸϸشһдŸӲӣ˶Σڣǡ
ҷ֣ܳһסſڣĿĨʧڵӪʲֶɵ֮ͨ䣬תͷϷ˵
飬ԺԼʰӵ»£ˣתߡ
һתӭײĪ첽һգ۹ǰ
Ӳ˧ֻԻĹôϣǲʱʹǿ˵ˣҲ˵ΪʹʵΪȻκһˣԲ˳ȨǾвͨġӵݣҲԹԣƴӡ
һ󲽱ѵӪСĪϽأֱ곤ǰʱҲСڡһֲ֮Ŀһѹֻüص˵
˧صظһױ˵ùš
ʹݣȨֻӣûױүı׼ױӣҲ˵ùȥױȴһӣһţԼҲֻܸЩϴµķ̻źĲ£дһ·С˲ڸɣɵҲûɻ˼ҡ
ӱһͷˮ֪ʲô
ȻͶˣܲ˻ȥ
˽йɡ׼ȿˣͬʱҲΪûбҪĪڡ
Ī쳤ӣŲԶһ֣ϣĥĥվһʿˣӲ㰫ϸһͲˣһɿ壬δףδ£ԳһŻèƵСǹ̻ûĨȡƫƫ˼һоãͦأ֣Цã绨
ӿãһͷĶҪըˡ
Ҳۼ֮ˣߣһƣϳˣôЦһֱһﺰƣ͵ؿӻͷ뾯񣬲żæ˻ͷɲס
ҽ˵ӺڳüĿһ仰ǸжһĺЦġױ߹ֱԼȥ
浱ǽΣǶϷôôôʰ


ױ

ҹ, ľ룬һǰһؽӡ
ÿȥһ˲, ͷƳĪ˵ĺ۹, Ѿ쳣ĵ׷ź, ԼͲðҲˡ
Ⱥû¸ɵص˦һȻ, һ˦, İԡ
վʱӾͷҲأѾֱǰ, Ű̯һͼ, ˼
Ҿ˵Ҳаɣų, Ѿйˡ
ҹȷˡǰǸҫûشС㣬ˡԴʣҷɣȻá
Ӵ, 
ҹ֪˵ĳƢַˡʹȻ, лҲᱩףֻʯͷһ, ǻɢıϢǧ԰һжⶳ
ɰ˶δѾ÷ǳˡżªĹһЪд⣬ٲߵһ࣬ڵձϹ˫ֳסͷ쳤ӣƫͷȥӵ̽˵
ǵġ
ɶͼδţ̩ɽ
ǵģҪɱҪУҲʹ죡
ҹֽ̭ӳ㣬һֻС֣ǰ˻Ρ
ü̧һ䣺

ˡðĵȵس˭ҹƲ˵ӡ
ѽүѾϱˣҵġ
ҹһߴ𻰣һ˻ȥӣӵЦ
ӾȻܹүӸ㶨ˣתͷؿϢֻ㱾ãŮĺβҡΣְסеľȣɫˣ
ʲôʵǲΪȻӡ

ױҹͰ˵áϽӻȥֱɴ̫࣬˵óڡ
֪ױҪЩʲôӣʡѰ˼ţѵһ֪أԴС
ϴˮ½ϴȴҶġҹͷָһֻҪߣʲôġ
ӿ̶ɫǺתȴɱմڿ˼룬ֺõ˵Ǵ˾ô̫䣬Ҳ԰ůһůᱳʹҲ԰һ
ȴͻȻվƹȥ
ιιհʵڲңȥӪͻȥ
ҹΪҪȥˣͻȥϽǱӰ¡
űߣȴȻͣסˣΣת֮ʣѾ⹫µױʹˣ
ҵױҲɣȥˮ
Ŷ
ҹӵһתֻǴӦһ㣬һӵձͳˮȥʵҲ֪ʶʶҰؾӪз˵ļѴ̶ֱ׳أѵһ˳µأͻȥ
ʶͼʶ£ءְԻش⣬ǰ˵һͨ£Ӵϴˮһ·ůĦ᲻ᰤ飿Ҫ飬ǲŽһá
һ.ɧһͷţŷӦʼѣôˮˮʲô򰡣
ûͷʹ˵мңתۿڱϵĲ⼬ֲ¸תֳȥˣ
ҹ˵Ҫһˮ
ϵð⸱вŮŮСĨź̻ҵģҲʶ˵Ӵˮķ¡ķԸС˱Ҳ룬ͷӦˣתܿʱ򣬶һˮ
ҹֽˣҡҡλεض˽ڣڰϣͦվֱˣϹϾѯ
ˣҪϴǲ
ҪɫĿתؿŰͼú࣬һһæӡ
ֵҹסˣ˵óڣ
ĵȣЩҪ׽Ŀҧȡ˼ϵӣˮкҽһšɣУߣ˸ٰüļƣݸ
üβӡ
Լǵ̡
ϴȲҹ̿ڨڨʵ˫ڰ黮£֪ȴӺ֡
㡣Ӵ
ٴҧҧһ飬ŲϥǣٹýЩȥͷȥ
ҪϴȲȽ£
Ͳţı
ֻèͷ˽ϣһҳֱ˰죬Ǹֻȭδܳ׽⿪ֹۣǷᣬסһͷˡ
ľסȼһڣ͵Ѫڣһ˷ӦϽһסͷץסһͷڷϳ
ƫƫҲǸģ˾ԼĪǱס˷˿ۣšҡͷҪ˦
ͻȻЩңץеͷԥţҪ̧١ȥһ㡣
ｫʱľһ桪
½΢ңɢڰձ̺ϣſһСһʤµΣܾүϲ֡˫СͷԼҪ°СЩܣҡͷβͣ
һɶˡ̧һĶ˳Ĩһ۾׽Ц
ʲôûпǡԺ˵Ҳ
˵ţһһת˳С
оЩˣдǽʣ⡣
оЩˣлЩزⷨӣҲᡣ
ôһӺ쳱ΣбģбѪ͵ġһʱ䣬ϽţҲţ޶
ҹû˦ƣͷûûε
𣿡


һݣ¶ЩĿɿ̽ȥǯסббس¹ϸһת㽫ǸǷʰǷϥ䣬ˡ
óļ米ȦǰֹȥһץϴõĲӣŻèƵĨ
ҹСϴһ㣬ʶرͷȴֱ׽ø
Ӧ֮󣬲ž
ʵӲõûʪӷЩŨīʺصĹ̻ٿˣĨȥ۽ǱȾϸطָŽӣСĵãЩҪ֬۷Ƶġ
ȥˮϴš
߷ųĻȴᣬֻǶݺݵѻĹСѵ
ҲҸһգʲô̻Ҿڵס𣿸ð׵Ļǰף͹Ļ͹ðĻǰ⸱ӣһȺĴһ·֪ݵģҲˣ֪ģٲҪϼֵġôЦˣ˵˰ɡǲֽŲʵЩåǣϲģģģŮִֺֽ۸
ҡ
ҹĿɿڴδ˵ôڵĻһåȴֱ뵣֮⣬е˵.ɧζֱЦ
ϴξãݵӣ񾩵ӣ̫һ˿̣־ã˾ӪӣݵӣЩ仯
ˣϾмĿ
ҹ̵ֱ̧̹֣ӵͬʱ쵽ʲôŤСΣŲһŲضȴӳ͵ؽһŭĿӡ
㡭Ѿ鲻˼Ҳﲻ
ʲôңʲô㣿ϴɾˣͻǱߺ׹ȥĹȥˣܲڰͻȥǱ˶˲ˮ̣˿ŵǹҹֵأҲʡĵö࣬ң

㡭ˡҹԲͷ˵˾Ļ
ҳ飡Ƿ٣
ӵѪӿһѾңֱ˼¡
֮һϡ


־

һ˿ԶҵĴ֮, վûе
ƾżǿ־ϵŲ, ź, ٿٵ, ڱϣһɿĸ, һͷʶײ۳, ͣȥ
òˣתڵձɵЦŮվ, ߡ
׼ҹ͵׹Ӫȥ
һ, ָݣ˴ӵ, Ժ˯ãܱһèƵСھ˻죬ҪǿЩ
Ҫ޽ɵź, ܲˣգ͵Ѫ, ﶼ
ǰѳֲס˻磬Ǹʳ֪ζ飬Ҫо, ɢŮˣĻоƴɱһݹִԶǡ뵣̫࣬Ҫȫ¶䣬һ׵δҰί
ȻձȹŮɣδϬһҪߣһţʱ͹˹Ĵȣʼ̣ˣ
ҹҲȥĿ̫һҪͼı죬һľҡСŸȫ
ӣô˻ţ˵ġ
ҹպͰûиҲϰ߱˷̡
ӣߣźġ
ҹүҪӻȥġ
ӣȥԺеʱ
ҹ㲻˼ҵ˼
ӣݣ˵㣡
ҹסˡὫүүС˾ˡ׵Ҹů𣿡ιô㶼ƣ𣿡нţԼߡ˿ˣЦģ
СŮ˵ͷ˵죬ڻزɣʵȥˣƵĿڼͷֱҪҲû֣·µؾ͸ˣŸ־Ŀ⣬һ·˹ȥӽǶ׹תͷߡ
߳ӣűһġкһȺŮ̽ȥǸ׼ԡºʳ
ֳһˮԴϡȱǲ̫ǱһͰϴˮеġ
ſڣ˰죬һȺŮһæңˣͷûнҲûڶǱŮǰΧţ̹ˣЪҪСͷת߿ȥҳ˵ȥ
ｫڴ˴γУҲϵѰ˸ߴ˿Ӳ˼ҳ¶Ӫ̣ſţЩȥ˵һ˵;ĪˣǼȴм£ȥ˵ǹЪأ˵¶
Ǿ֮ÿȥһĻ
ƵسһҲ֪ԼĪˣˡбֽţɱ֮£ֻǵԣҲƽϣȤȻأͷȺˣģһԣһߵ¶֮ǡ
߽ۼİԵǴӣıϼǿ̲סüҵ׽Ц⡣񣬴Լ֡Сӣԭ㻹һڡζ˧ĹǶ죬ʵϷһ£Ҳ˴š
ӵƤ̩ɽѹüëԲɫġһʲôûĵɫżɽֱ£ҲѸлĿ˵¡
ǣֳһƽڴӪʵʧȥĳͻƣĹʵ۸ǽפֳ֮ǰرѹΧڳ£ʱǳ̬ȻǲǵзѣǸܵУβѹˣһּΪ֮С
ԣһöֳǵԼôפУɽǽϣʵ֮ǰΪ֮ս
ǣͬУҲøϽûسŮ㶨
ҲϣϾⱾ£Ⱥ˻ѡصȥѶ
ֳȴͻȻûһ˲棬ûصĨҲˣ鲻ãŲ͵˼
һգˡ
ʱɵӶóֳǵ̬Ȳˣӣǵȴʲô
ֳΪʲô䣬ö֪Ǿȴʲôȴ˸ʮ֮˾š
Ȼţ̽õ׼ȷϢĶرѾֳǡ
ݳĴ֧̽رʮ֮ڣһи½ϡ
Ŀġرֳǣǳɹشﵽˡ
ȻԼȴûܹڽֳǣݳΪء
ʱ⼸ɽأгʮڿƽϣӭսǿʱĳͻƣȻƽϣʮ棬ӲӲɱȻʬҰѪɺӣ˲أһ۶ĻȻֻܱĹؾѹţˣһֱ˻ص֮ǰĳɽأֳǽ
ԣֻܰĹѹ˻ݳԮ
˵ɽʯУָţսڶԷԣҲһȨȡᣬֻҪסʮˣȵݳǷԮʱƾͻתĹ˸ܵС
ǣӵսһּķʽʼˡ
֮У֮⡣
ɽУƣֻ񲽱һկţ˿ս 
ɱˣձظӪЪţս
ֳǣչֳһġǽɣԵ֧κһҲûκһ
Žգڳͷϣûش˴飬һˣȴֹս
ս϶żתͷһǸߴͷ޲ƿڴһһԼʹĸŮκγǽ̫ߣ̫Զ˼
ҹýϡæָӣҲʿȥһûҲ֪ʱȥңֻӪЩСΧɢ
ȴܵÿҹϣ»㱨սʵһ޺£˵Щ׵Ļ԰ꡣ
ÿΣҲЦЦ˵⣬Ҳ˵Цֻߴȥ˯
ʵκһδսµŮ⸹ǵеӪУŲԶĺɱ˻𣬶Ầµġ
ȻգӻԡѪ˸ŻӪʱҹȴͻȻ䣬û˿־塣
ûֻܿԼʱ򣬵ҲûʱͲˡ
ʮյ֮٣֮ɱеȴԮȡתֳѡѪȡδ֪İҹ尾˵ļǿƣ֮ͻȻ䳹׸ܵ
ܸͬ˵Ŀ־壬ؼİ֮ʱԼǵСţҲͲʲôˡ
ԣҽæŸԵֹѪվһԣϵĳ
ְֱﲻæԹۣңõİæ
ӱˣǼΧȣš
ĪƣΡԼΪ֪ĹϵԹ
Ī޷ȥ˴Ҫ
ҹĻתѪգĹҲʣ²УҲǼ֮ˡԹţ˽ʴ˴
ʣ˳ڱϣʵ
ݵԮʱܵ
ݳ޿ɷ֮ԮЩʱա
ֳأ˵
ʡ
Σ
ʮġ
ѯҹΪʲô
Ԯ֮ǰѰһϢ֮˵ܹʵƣȫܹľ޶ȵıȫ
ãȥֳû̸һ̸һ֮£ɺãأн
ܽٺòӪˮԴҲݽߡｫʾͬ
ʵڽǵ飬һ̸̸ֱɾûģôõĹӿȥ̸
ĺ׹Գ̸




ĺɫµֳ, Ȼۻ롣һͷݷʨ߾ͦε, ҹ, ֡
˳ͷֵغͳеѲ, Ƕ˯ˡ
ûصȴ˯š
һڳŲڳͷ, , 밢ֹս֮ҹԶ
µӪ̣˵, ԶĹ˵, ԶԶǻ㣬۳һƬ˸, ͷǺңӦ
ҹ棬΢΢ʱ˰յȣȻ, еѪζȴǰɱ
ԶҪѳѺһ, ԶǵøԼһ·ֵҲֳǾòܵؾ
ԣѵʱ, ֳǲûбֳʮֵĵ⣬ǲҪӭ͡
ţƵĹ»Ŵƪ۱İĽ֮⣬˵Լλûȱ»ʺʱϳšȻҲûжԳµ侮ʯǸܵС
ֻɽۻһ˭Ӯˣ߳վ˭һߡ
ּʹ棬Ӧĸ߳£ûصҲŲɣϤѧϰ
սе棬þʤΪ
㣬ڰУֻһſȨƽĳ룬һſԷڹؼλõӣԣϣɾӣ۶Ȩţ÷ʲôطܸظ档
ûصҲûԹȻ
ȨķĲģþһнмۣܽס
ǣЩ죬ͻȻãԼЩԾ
սΧš£ȻȻζ
ǰսȨףͬȻζ
ûص뵽һֿЦεĽ֡ǵĳŵʤˣ̶ʺʤˣǻʺ
Ȼ⵱Уȴû˭ȢĴ԰ĹһֵܣҲû̫˼ĽЩų⡣
ľҲǶֿɵõĶӣҲǶǿĶ룬ҲЩģ˵壬Ŀ
ҪģʲôʲôİֲģûصԼҲ񿴲ף벻
ʣģޣȴִ֮ļ䣬һÿյģһ־͵ۡ
ԣʱ˿̣ͷϣǺƤ£ƻӪûص龹һֹ¶ãؼ䣬Ψһ˵Ĺ¶ߣ˶Ĺ¶ߣһԼԼģǰ·Ĺ¶
ķңɣиֵصıʿйܵöᣬ˵£ںתʵһβǱ˦ȥ͸кϣ˵㡣
佾Ůҹأ𣬰ŹǱ޳ƿ𶯣ͷıʿǣ£ʼȴֳ߲ǵĴСڷСƢˡ
Ǹıʿӳ̯ڵϣֶ߶˰죬ڴСǹǱٴν֮ǰѻˣ
Գĺ׹ҪС㡣
Щνģı˵ʱ̣ͨºĿǣʱֻƽ
Ժûصʱŷ֣ҹĳͷ棬Լһ˵ת֮ȻʱȴΪԼǸӳǧƶߡ
ֻһˣ޴˳ţϵóͷȲһͷ޼٣һȹȹЬ飬ڰҹԣֲĻþ֮⣬ˣէһʵЩףǱϾڳӪסˣصѪ߳Ǹ߹Ĺǲʳ˼̻ӣҲòȥ
ãûеĽƴ˵ַһͻᵹŮӡ
ûصҹĳӡ
Ů׹ĺ棬ͬʱҲûΪֳǴСԽСܺá
𣿡
ǹ˫ĿӯӯֻЦûصٻֳƫƧݽҪЩݹȣС㻹Ǵͨٻġ
һ㣬òáҹЦ𣬴úǫѷ
أûصüβʡ
Ҳһ㣬ҹЦãˣֿףЩµսͷļ棬͵£ˡ
ɱ𣿡ûصŵ·ӣһȥ
ûУҼѪеΡҹǳЦǫ˵ĵʵ
𣿡
ҲûУǵһսô
һδڣҹܵƫͷ
ͬʱžһûصеĹǱޣ˦죬ϵĺëиоȴּзִ磬оա
ֻӬ棬ɹûص齫Ǳ޲ƣһ߽ͣһִҸҹβϣȻմֻӬ档
ҹЦ
ûص˦Ӭ棬Լʺͻϣõͷϵ۷䣬ڳվĶ飬ݴӪһľɡżʾŻ֤Լ
ҹϵЦ⣬ԽԽʢ˳ΪԼľӣ֪ԼĿȻܹ˵ġֳֺǴС㣬ӣо壬꣬ѹ֡
ԣĺ׹͵ǫѷһڳһ˵Ļ꣬תȥֻӬ
ȣʬ嶼ѳɽ˵˿Ҳˡ
ҹ˽⣬ûصȴУһЦڳЦҹ뵨С̶ת⣬鿴ųӪһ߲ı
̼ʴһӵ֮̽ûصԽУǿˡ䣬ʹһֺñޣʮ͸ûҰսСսȡ׼翳вˣ۾Բգһ¡𡰺顱ºţʵϲǳ硱
ֳǵӣĶ֣ŮôûнͬȽϹ
Ҳǣûزļ̳ˣֳǵļ̳ˣ˭ҪĹʵۣȳŵޣ̳ˡ
ʣĿ¼䣬˭Ƚϣ
ߴʤ˵ҲҲм˵
ҹǸ°ӰԼ˼ǰ磬Űҹա
һĺ׹һֳǵĴС㣬޽ŮˣΪ˰ţҪ޸ͬһ˶˿̣һԺýһ㣬ͷ磬ѷӪҹ
Զֵرʿǣһһ׵ӰԼãЩ֡
ҹڵȡ
ԸûصĿһеˣ㲻ܱǿƣ𣬼ŭҲǣıߣܴмƣֻʾĵʾûвˣԸͷ㿴ˣٳ룬˳ƶΪ
ҹبŲ䣬սȴ˲Ϣ䡣
ˣԼĺ·ʱŵĽŲƶҴֽȡ
ңʲô£ڣûص鱻ҹĳĬȵЩˣ
Ԯ𣿳ˮԴѿݣأֳǲţǳŲաҹ˵ûصҲ
ҹ˯ţŲߵ£棬ţ˯ŵˣЩ˵
ҹ̸ܶˣЩ٬ڸ񾩳Ĺ˵һ㡣
ҹͷ㻳ǲʲôĵ£˵Ǵҿһ°ɣ
ûصһֹƳһۣһתͷͻȻʵ
ô޸
֪ǲм
ԭ˶𣿸һѻӴ̣ǵù͸аԴ˨ðվ
ףԼġҹεЦЦ֪ˡ
˵ţƫͷųͷĹ⣬ȥûصɫ仯ҹһ룬λֳǴСĹͬ⣬ҲλСѲĶдüңڳһ˶ǷӵĹײԭڡ
ûص鿴ƾô죬ʱڳ´ڴСУȴȻûнŰڳͷսûص򶯣Ϳжϡ
߱λҲǿиˡҹһ䡣
鱨ġѾֳ֪ͻȻգǵĹ»ĳŵ
ҹ̶룬ûصλĹ»ʣҲûʲôȤΪһݺٻԸԼ˵ˣбгǣȨƣЩжţзݶ뽾ͳһϽһŮɲĽ˿ȸǿǧ
ȻûصĬأԿԶ˸
ҹһһǻת˼Ỻ磬
ҸĹͼĲˣĹҲܸٻǳ⼸ΪֻҪ׵ĹʱױҲ˵ͼģݼױ
ûصתۿԼʵֲƴֵļŮɣ⡣
ҪңҪЩʲôʵͷбĺôҸЩִҪԼǿˣȥʵ֡иϲˣҹϵ淨ʹҲܼ޸ǣ淨ʱģҲ˶ģֻҪ㹻ǿ󣬳бɵ㣬Щص飬Ҳ㡭
ԣ˽µԼǺףǺˣ³֮һȥġһȥ淨أֳǣ㻹Ҫȥĵط𣿳ĹɽءɳڡԭСˮӻһĺǱߣкë۵ķˣ֮꣬ȥһ𣿡
㰢֣㻹ϲϲζ޸Ǹ𡢳վҲҪǧټƸͬ빲һһһΪһɣףҵִ
㿴µļ˵˽㣬ҵִ˵أԱ׹壬ΪҶսԣұǵѾǿ֮ĩأҲӲܡ
ףʲô뷨Ҫ󣬲ֳǵģ㰢ֵģԼģ˵޷壬Դһ屣֤߾ȫʵ֡ǣҵ˱ܹӪṩһЩˮ
뷨ǣȫֳǣݳΪءߣҹȴͻȻЩۿۣЩͨ
ӣʵ֡ǽûϣһһû·ľһزʳһҪ󣬿ܳɹļʸЩ
ԣҹĵһ̸Уҹûп̸̧֮࣬ѡûص齻ģ̸˽˸ķʽ˵ûص飬ʹпȨûصܹȨ޿һЩ˱ǣٸṩһЩˮӦòѡٶܾ࣬ҪûҰİˡ
ҹһ˵࣬аԴ˰죬ûص鶼ûзӦʱ򣬶Զżת۹ƮƮƳҹһۣҲǰˡ
ҹΣֻеȡʱҲɫ˿Ůȴ룬Ҳп˵ɫһ죡
Ҳ޷ֻҪܾȳ¾ˮĹ£˹ĵĺӡ
ҹȭͷУԼĺſеѪȣԶϡİãȲûصһ˿Ҫ׵˼
ΪˣûϷˣɥת³ǻӪ֮ʣûصڿڣס˵
ȵȣ˱ṩˮ⵹ѡֻǲ֪ҵҪ
˵޷ҹͷתֻҪϣᾡ
㣬ʵѡǰտһˣӪУҡûصûԥҪɴ࣬ʮ㡣
㡭ʲô˼
ҹڽʵѾھһˣʿıȫ̶һսʤС㿴ϵ˭Ů
ҡҵˣֳǵˣֳǴ򿪳ţṩ㸶ҵĳʡ㲻ٰҪȥ
ɽ˵ɣ㿴˭ˣɽеóҹˬӦˡţߵصŮʹūϲãûصǿĸˡҲǣ񾩴ˣЩش˿ɱȣ
ʹӡ

ɲǼ䣬ҹʯˣ˫ȭգָĵ
ΪԼͦϤѰһ·ȴ룬СĻһȦԼ˽ȥȻȴֻܣ־ܣ޷ܶ
ɽˣڻУܼ̽ǣϣػá
ûж룬Ҳ롣ϢתӦûص󣬲˳ˮۣϣܹõõҽϡ
ʹ࣬ӣҲ裬ǣȫʿԣȴ·


ѹ

ҹ, ֳǱ˳š
Ӫ˱Խ, ˬʯͷ, ܱȳʪ, Ҫõöࣻһһˮ͵Ӫ, Ȼִܴŵԡ, ܹһ¸ɵð̵ĺ
Ԯľٴ룬ĿǰٵƶԣʵǱˮнս˶յʿ, Ȼǰ, ֿĹһһĳԷžԵƣַ, ȴ粽ˣָЪ
Ȼһ֤ˣֳѷǵ, źţԹʿ, 硣ӪͬȪĿ磬˲ָ붷־ĳǽڳ˿ʱĿɽʱҪ
ָо, öˡ
ֻһˣоܲá
ʱ֣ҹδߵҹӪصҵһ
Ȼ͸ûصˣ
ҹڻУ˽ͽȥˡʵ֮£Ƥˣ޴󰭣֮ԻԣΪۣ֮ʧѪ࣬һʱ֧¡ͻѹȻ˵Ƥⴴˡ
󣬷ԼĪֳǴСĴϣô룿ֳǵĴСаԵظĹ°͸ˣԺҵˣʣΣֻô룿
ӻ᲻óŮɺɱ
Ȼ֪飬֪ȫϢ֮Ҳ˵踺أֳǶҪЩôϾ飬ֲԿ
ǣȥŮɺɱˣ
ֱȥûص̸һ̸ܻܲҪ󣻿ǣѡһεĻᣬǻѡ˽ȫ塣ʹȻԼء
ҲǣҲǡԼһʱ嶯Ҳ̾Լ޿κΣӵŭֵ븺ء
ﴧһ궯ϣȭ㣬һְԼ߳ȹϵϡ
ԶսʱʱЪţ˴˼尾ԼӪУҼ尾
źüգȥһӵûС
˵Ҳ֣֮ҲûôΪǣֳǵ̬ȣԶأһһѺá˱ԽֺýŵĽʿǣҲɳֳǣΪӪṩˮҩʳȣҲ󳵴󳵵ͳ
־ƣ֮ǰȫ˽оݳΪأҪΪֳǳױĴ󷽣µսֱֳǵǰߣ˫Ѿֱ˴ˣͬˣһˡ
ԽǴãҹԽҡ
ֳ֪ǲԵ޹ʣʾãһŬĽĪԣӽǺ󣬵ڶվˣ֮һסڳдҹ˼ҹûصεͼ氧磬һʹǸŮǰжŬŬŻĺ˰
᲻ֳӪһ֮ǰѾòûص.£һˣ
ԣˣʽ׹פ֮ʱҹħѾһóؼĴûаԵֻӱܡ
ֵߵߵأʰţȥˡ͸Ƶ仯εĹһߺò͵İۣԼȴڳӪΪΣҷ
ȫʿܸжΪÿֳǵĳţǻ빲Եͷ­ѪΪ
ðյƴɱвΪҹ䣬Էس
ӪĸЩɰкǻȳЩٵֻɽ
էʱøͣرŤΣҲӦħƶƳЩս
ҹҹѰ˸Ӫر߸ߴһʯˣЩǺĶ˸
ʱһԶֳǣһҶңһȫĴңһ̰˽Сңһ
Īӳһ̳ɽʯݸҹ˳ǿĴʯĪ
ȰɣнƣĩܺȡĪ룬ڴʯȴܾ
ҹЦŽӹҲȰֱ˺ֽ̳̳ӣͷǹһڡ
ꡱһǺľƣǺһҵĿԡ
յӣȲ񾩵ƣڸôĪһߣһľ档
ҹ˵ͷȴͷһڣǿ̧ڳһĨޱȡ
պľƣĵҾᣬøˬЩ
Ҿ¶ǣӷŵÿԴĪڣһĿա
Ī˵ǲǺɵò״һ˽˻ˡ
ĪΪ֪֮һӽ֮ǰҹǶԾ˵ûصҪ󣬲ѯǵǿͬͬ˵ġ
ϻۻɵĪذο
ɵĻôԼϲò˵ˣƷһ͸ˣ
Ǵ壬ȫʿ֪ģǲ֪ģŹݴء
˵ģҲ֪һΣһǻôǣһǾãѹ
ˣѹ֪ǶԵ飬ȴȻͷǵҹԽ˵ԽСԽ˵Խѹĩˣž̳ӣڴʯһš
Īִˣǿڣȴ㲻һڡҹ.飬˵˵ԻּգҲ֪Ȱ⣬ֻýһԣͷ˷ĺУ˵ĺ㣬ʿǵĸ
Ĭʵǲôöء
ĪĪ㼫ԺһЩ˵Űοһһ֮
˭ϣûѵأ
˼˵¶䣬޳Щѹʹֻ̡࣬˵ʣϣѵ֮⡣
ҹʱЩˣ㹣ŲӣСػϣ൶ôĪ󽫾˴̣Ӳϲôֲ嵽ˣ˭ȥģ˵ 
ĪԿЦͷԶ
ҹҲֻʹʹ쾢йзƣûָ˵֪ϢĬ֮Īƻؽˣ
ܶǰĩʶһŮӣԺգִƯУһ使޵Ļһ˵Ŀ⣬ȻҲҡ
һ佫Ȼ£ֳײᣬһҹ̧ھ̳ϣԴ
Щбʿϵһ඼ԶԶؿ͵͵飬һۣһ죬żײ˸ţҪϼ켸ҹġһ죬Ȼ͵Ȼ󣬱㿪ʼֹϷŪҡãȻǾã񰮣˰˱ӵĸ㣬һҪһǰ̣ܹȢΪޣÿγ̣ҶȥɱУǮӴСļһװµĵ˱ǣÿõĶǾװݵġţгһգ˴󽫾Ȣ
ǺأҹҲ֪Լ֪ʣɻ̲סʡ
ŵģ󽫾ˣδȢס
Ҫ񾩣˵Ҫȥ޸һü޵ˣ¡ʱʢĳڵ䣬·ݣҹҹſڣʲôƵĶˣܴŭˣ𳤽һӴֻƫ硭
Ī˵ţ˴
ҼѹʱѾ񾩼ˡˡҺҲûм
˵Ǹˣ˭ҹİı񾩳Ǿôһ㣬ԹôҼ壬Ī˵ĸŮӦʶŶԡ
˭Ҫĩ˼ǣѧѧݵģ˵飬ܳɵЩԼΪȷ¡ңֱ죬Ҳûк޹ΪԼִѴҲնڵǣһӰá
飬ĪԼѹ׶ĳ£һȦΪ˽ο
ûãҹ̾ĳ˵ͷʾܽˡ˲תĻƣַûԣ
Īأǿأѧأǰأ
ҪѧǸԺݵĿͱӵŮӣǱʵ
Ī˶ʵڲ֪졣̾̾ǣĩҪȥӪѲ飬ȣĩˡ
ӱס˵Ůˣǲ𣬶켸Ծʯȥ
Ī˴󹦰ʦس֮ʱͻȥһˣòã
ǽӺ׷ĪһƤȴ־ĺʯŵλ£ƻͷԣʵǳ˾ġ
һš
Ҳûмȴãʵġ
ǣΧӻ֮ʱǾ仰Щ죬һֱĪļ䡣
ʱ֣ʮĹʿΧסͻȻżԼûҪ˧ĹӣΪ˾и̣ϣǧٴΣҲġһǹսУһʹسӴ󺰣󳷣ù
Ȼ˻ХУл㱣ȴӺһ䣺
ˣҰĵġ


ξ

Īߺ, ҹֺһơ
ɵģøߴʯҲˬ, յ, ůů, ҹĻ紵ţ, ±ʪ̺ö, ԾͿʯϣ˯˹ȥ
Ҳû˹ܵ
սӪ, ʳϢ, ֮պͰûǼʱץźŮ, ͲΥ˼
ԣڴʯϺȵúȻ̶һͨ˯֮ʱŮֻʯţҵŹΡ
, ȴһĻ桪
ɫŨң
տ, ׵ƶ䣬ɫ⣬ʯͥʯĸ̨, Ŀϲɫϲ֣һ١Ϊÿ˵׶壬ЩˣϤģҲİģеĹУ˵ʲôҲЩ˵ɲŮò裬һˡȥǶվʯ̨ϣأִݵˣźǣĿǸɣ
ִּˣһǳЦһ⣬˼޵Ƿ
һǸ̨ϣתͷȴͻȻһüĿŨŨĺ֮һϲҲ岻ֻؿüͷԽԽʶһ㣬ɴתͷȥɵЦ
Ȼʧȥˣ
ů⣬ϲ֮£ҹʱ׹Ԩ̶ѣ£Ȼ󣬱һսоѹ˿ǰĺɫ·ӪأŻһ۱ߣһˮء
ǵģҲεʵֺġ
ҹһԳŰοԼһʯеѬѬȻ⣬е˯⣬ȽҲͲôһʯ緭һɽֽŲã̬ȫˣźò׻صƽϣվֱӣһȹ棬һ䣬̧ͷһָŵû֦Ҳ
ǸˣԶǱʱ֣е࣡ǰԶǴԶǱԶû·һ޴Ρ
Уβη壬Σǣող
ǰͦȴǰһ¿ǽѹֱӡ
ҹ̧黮£̧ŲûֱүżһһŤ׼ӱϿ
Ƕǽת˸Ų˸λֽ˸ʵ
ҹɿתȴǶǽ죬ٴμʱصǰ棬һ˫ס
ҹ޼£ֻͷһЦգЩеûģ
ˡЩҹģӪʲô ǲֶ㲻ֻô
㲻ڳСˣҹܳҰɹʲô
˵Щ˼ӴҲ벻סأԸҰɹ̫
ڿ˵ȴ̾ŵŷأ
ҲǣҹҡҡͷüĿ뵽һûʵɣѻ˵죬뽫ʿͬʹ࣬ͦϰߵġ
Ҳȥɫ뿴ҡ
ȫҪУ˽ҹû˸ҰӪͬʹˡЦ
ҹǺãһʱһͷˮ
̸ֳˣ˽ǣĹرǽһɽʯУݳǵԮӦϣлϡȴϸ˵ıƻ
˭̸ģҹͻȻص㣬Ѿƫˡ
ûصô̸̸Ǳ̸Ķ䶷Ƕ.ս˼ٻغϣҹ˲Բǲؿ񱼶ȥ
İ취ûصΪͻƿڣλС㣬ȷܹӰ׵ڿ
ҹһۡһˣ㲻ᡭġɣ
ּգֺֻޣ״Σʲ⡣ǱʶУʵΪӻȻ£Ҳ׼ӲͷƤţȴû뵽ͬһܵӡ

ӼǶۿתҲţ˵üϸʡҲ֪治ǹⶺ
˯ˣ
ҹͻȻŲӣ˳
Ǹûص˯Ǳûص˯ҹʵںģ⣬ڵģ顣Ѿ켸ҹʳѰˣԼǸʮˣΪȫʿѰ·ûɣҲ޷ŨŨС
ӱһͷһ˫ͫڻ谵ӪĹУͷϵİҹǡ
ҹ飬ӣŭĿӡɲŶ˼ϢͰֻñͷغ
ָ׽򦣬ֱһȥһ䲻ĸģ
ָ˹
Ӿˣ˫ʹϣסСѹزܳԡ£ŽЩ͵ͷѵ⣬һԶֻʣӻתС˳
ɵӵ㣡֪ʹˣˣԼ˵ʱôһ룿ΪȻô
ҹ룬ȻǷᣬҳ飬.̬.ŰһȻˡǾ䡰Լˡ˵Ƶġ
ǵסҹһɣи̲סɱ죬˵ĻߴߴģԼҲ
˵ʲôЩ־ߣ
ǵлûУ
ӵ˦Ҳ˦ָƵģǵʸ͸ȷ䡣
һصĳеʹ˼£˵ҧгݣ
ķкܶ֡ӻ㹻ãòųɫ.ࡣ
ôģ
ҡӿƤǷ󴽰꣬΢΢ţ󣬻е㣬ɴֱӵݴһڶˡ
Ů䳦ֻ̫࣬һֱ˵ôʲôʱ˶ˣǿԳһɫ.ġ
ʯѴղѾ峡ˣǼ׾ŮҲ򷢵һȥ
ʱɫ.࣬Ҳȷʵӻáأǳһ.ཻ놪£ɻ󣬽һ.Ӧ̴.࣬һβȪеС㣬鶯ƤزʵתֹԽĽʡ
Ҳ˭ͷ˭ɫˣ֮ǰھʲôš˲һţ۲֦ʴһ.֮ʲôŤɢˣֻŨŨζ
ĩˣŮзһϣڰˡ
Ӻ⣬ȴԣЪӵҹҪȥ£
ߣȥʰȥ 
߲ˡλ¾Ǹñ˻ҪԵ֫ϣôϡ
֣ˣ㡣ɫǲϵ޸
ŶҹվֱˣʼԼ·ںͷȴֿʼµľ
ǵ¸ҿˣ
ʲôÿģûͷڴ
ÿ
ŮɵഫûûΣûûƤģ·𻹰ӫӫ⣬Ŀˮ֮С
Цͷӿģһץ׽Уǣߡ
ϲ಻ŮˡЩԲλķ棬ʵЩԣǣǻۣüжҲģʱȴֱֱ뽫Բ⣬¸




ֳһʢʯͷ, еûش󸮣һʯͷۡ, ʯĸߴͥ, ʯΡΡ̨, ԭľȴַźصĶܡиߵؽĴַϢ, Ҫ˼ڼݵĿž
, ֵֹġ
ȻⶼΪֵ֣, ء
ֳǴ󿪳, µļȫŽ֮ʱûҰԽ׹ĳһ·ӳӭ󸮡ǹڴ󸮵Ļʯŷǰ³, ̧һһ򣬲ˤڵأԱߵŮ̸Ͻˣ, ǸΪʥصʯվʯ̨, һݣĴһʧɫ, Ȼ󣬳һǣһᣬ˹ȥ
ģǸŵġ
ʱϼɣǹһȺæҵӵתƣûش˼˸϶վʲվλãҲѧ￴˿ȴûʣɻ
ʯ̨ɵúգҲú治֪⹫ֻ۾ˣ 
㿴ʲôˣ
ҹѹӱˣվڴߣ
ûûʲôҹ֧ţԸ˵
ҹξˡҹڳҰĴʯϣ΢ΣμӸ˳ףǴʯͥʯ̨ǵرȻ֮ǰûеֳûش󸮣ûĸۡŷ̨
˵ԤסǰμһڶҪİطôаԵ飬ˣȻЩ£ȻǡطԤ׵ôĻôе飬᲻Ҳ棿
ԭίҹԸӵ֪ΪһΣ͸ŵεܱģΪ
뱻ӿҲҡף棬оפҪ봦飬չС˼ˡ
ȴһеӣ粽һӵԼ֪йʵ
㲻Ǻæ𣿡ҹܵԹԡ
ģ˹ڴϣ֪ģΪǸЩʲô˵Ĺ֪ġ֪ģԼø
æߣҪϿ
ҡʹҹסǸ⡣
üβһʾš
ʹҪˡҹ˫С䰴˰˵ĵʵʹǧأֹס׹
ҿԣ˸ͻȻҪļ֣˫۹һϣȻ̽־ 
ʲôҹ⧲ϵһᣬϣšŲӣƲȴ־ŻŵɵЦ˵Ҫˣ˵Ҫʲô
һ㣬תظڻָѣ̽С䰴࣬ҹף˵ҪԭҪһ˼
ǳ߿ʼؽѵ
ɽسʪʪأڵ˯ôգ壬ɬŲôʹȫǣ㻹ܵʱЩ˱ȣǿûַգ
һϧˣʼ裬µѵˡоֵֹֹҹЦһĵŬɢǸξһϸϸζСϵů⡣
ȵģʵ̹׹ʹУ䵭ˣеĴʯҲ·ȥ
ʹʹ
һ㡣ҹüȴֹѵñ˷һأٶఴһźá
Ӷ˶٣ͻȻ˰ַ̧½̽˽ȥ֬ĵȥ
һѹĥ
أʡ
áöˡҹŻĲ.شʵѾûϢһ࣬βˡ
Ȼֻƣȴôʵ˵öˣҲ˼ĥĥسɲϣ͸ͣסˣţˣôҲһΰɣͣ٣ָ̽˻ȥ֬һţͲ֪εȥˣԣֺʳ֪ζ
㣡ҹֻãȫһңֻƲϣסѿڽ¡
˵ɣţӽͷһͷߴͻȻʵ
˵˵ʲô
ղŷǰ͸̨߿ʲôˣ
ӵͻȻӲ
һСȦȦƻԭ㡣ϴȦ.ŪĴƣֻصСϣŲˡǼƣ·ٲʵҪһ㡣
û뵽Ȼбƹ
ᣬ컣.
ΪôģҹǳһסǰҶ嵭еıŤǹģڻеĺ⣬׿Щհǰ˺Ĺǣʵ
ҹμǸ̨ϣ˳ˡǸطûش󸮣һģһҽ֮ǰûнֳǡ
˵ţһ˫ˮĴ޹ؿӡ
ôаŵ飬ôӵԤף
ԣоɫƬ̣أ̧
μҸ˭ף
ҹסˡ˵ûص飬һתִסʵûпϲµӳʲôֻȻΪֳǴСɡ
ңڸ̨º㣬㶼һⱲӶʶҵӣ죬û˵
ӾЦˣ̧Ĵǣǲ֮ⰴס˵
ģ£һ׼ˣҪףӾ㡣
ҹֻǰο֮ԣҲƤЦصͷʾŷ
ȴеǣĵز
ʹ˴סƹøȥ

ԣȫУĹرڳ£ݵԮӦϣл䲻٣ͷľ棬Ҳǰģֻǣûаʱ˵˵ݷԮʱ䡣ҹˣԾнʿҲû˵
ΪһʼЩѾƣıʿǾ֪ⳡسǴԮ֮սҪôõĻһҲֱֲܣ߻䡣
ӳ⳷ӪȫǾأһչ
Ĺ˳ûѹųǽֳΧһ涼ɲȥͰһչ
Ȼ󣬱һճ־õֳ֮Χ
׿֮ʮƮѩĹҧֳǣҧһĹͷԲȥ²
ߺ̵ĳǽ˰꣬Ҳȥȴ᲻ˣҲˡΪдģǾǳˣһܹȳˣֵøáֻҪһֱΧǣֳǵһйӦдĴһ죬Ǹʱ򣬾ܲƣ֮һΧǸϢ˵Ļᣬ
һֱ캮ض¡֮ʣϻѩСȶ·޾ݿݽߡΧǵĹ˻ڼ֣ң½ʳ̼߶µأڷѩм֡
Ĺֹ֮۾ʤΪֳе״ӲҲ̶á
ٸӣͷıʿпտգͷۻǣһѳͷϵĻѩһ֮⣬ѾûκοԳ伢Ķ
ֳǣûκ粹£عӦͻȻļ֮󣬳һճǡ
һԿ˵ĳǡ




ǲǺܺǣ
, ͷѩǧãã, ҹûص, ؿڳǽ, 졣ѿգ, ÿˡƫƫ, ҹȴ˸⡣
ޡ
ûصȶӹĺ磬Ҫ䡣
ҹƫͷ˿ǸŮ, üɻûСȻ, ȴǲÿɷġ
룬Щ, ֳǵĴУֺ޲ýļʿֱ˳Եĳ嶯
ǰһǽģԹ۵ֳһǰδеϡ򿪳ţŽУ̬վĹ»ʮΧرĶ档
ʱ, ֳǵûˣҪس, һѪҪԼļҷһʿסԼʳһʿԡȻƺû̫Թ, Ϊŵȡ
˵ǸŵסƶɽֳǣһֱĶǺӵûһ˵ջŵǣݵԮ϶ֳǵĳǽƣµرĹ»ذܣȴ۳ɹ䶨λͨޣؽݵȶȶֻĹУһ֧λĲ忪ţϾӪഫʵ۵گΪ֤
׹ʹˣϷһ㣬óʵ۵Ľگ飬㶨ǸҲûֳǳûҰˣҲֳûز壬ĸԸأµʮĹر˰֮á
Ȼ֮󣬳ǿˣŵԮȴӰӶ
ԣҹ룬ֳǵˣ˳ѾӺ޵ݽߣĸԼ޲ö£ʡһʳ棬Ҳֱˡ 
ӣǳŲȥ֮ǰݵԮֳǺûϣ޷ʧûص䵭ȴޱȵļᶨ
ҹס⻰Ӧ˵ɡûصӣ˵ģЦѹͷġ⣺  
ô˽
ÿ춼һˣ˰꣬׵ĻǾ顣ûص齾ػش
СĻһǶ⣬ҹϣȺۡ
ˣ׹ǳʵָȨˣСֳûһʵʿȨҪ˲磬سǣˣͲҪͷ¡
꣬Ӹûصһʱ򣬱ȸҪ࣡
ҹеķӿ糱ϫ˻ȥ಻ǣȴûƽˡһȥͷҪģҲ١
ûصԴǣ·ӳޱȵ˵ʲô׾飬ӿС뱲ˣʱ򻹽İģ׽͸أ⻰ɲ
гϫһӿһðǣ֮ǰѩããǴ̵ۻңѩðһƬڵ㡣
нɢ֮ѩĺڵȴûʧϸƣȻĹ˳ˡմѩµĹ˶ӪУѾò̽ͷˡ
ҹͻȻ˾ûص飬תԶ¥ϵǼȥ
ѩ䱼ܣһһˤһӣҲּۣܡ
ʱ䣬ӽ̫áͷͷɱûڵأȴûش˯ûڵءҲ붬ѩµĹֹͣǣűϳͷһԶķ羰
̫ĸ־壬ȴҪԼҪ£¶ȴֲҹռӵľʱ䣻ίȴֲԸԵСȴҪֳһǿ彡ԷҲܻϼǿ׳
ˣǰЩӣзһǲȤ
µĹˣӪر߶᲻ʱǽ̱߽̽ͨ롣ֵͨȥҪôҪôʧ׼ͷܰ˭ϣ׹ļȴܱͨġռŸ伸µĹ˶㿪ӹһѣǸĹ˸ˡ
ֻҪûй֮սϳͷй䣬רЩĴңǽߵĹһһ׼ʱǹҸʣȳȣŻȥ鲻ʱֱӾ͵
ɱ䣬༸ΣҲ;ãɱҲû֮ǰôˡ֮Ψɱ¾־塣
һղŸûص鲻̸ҲΨɱ¾ͷᡣ
ѩðһƬڵ㣬Զ̷Χ֮⡣ǣͷ¥ϣмܴݴ̿ɴ֮⣬ֻҪ׼ͷ㹻ɴסһѺڵ㣬ƽգһһ׷ʹ졣
ҹ¥¥һװҡЩӣͷؾʿûˣѾϰλ׹֡ȿɹԣ־ʵԣֶΪأ
پӲʯбеȻΪ˷ʹãʡ֮أǰ׳ӵı㡣ҹҲ֪ĳ嶯ֽŷзţȻ׼֮⣬ԼԼһغڵм䣬һ
ڤڤ֮У⡣
µĹˣûͻȻƬس֡
˵ԤСҲСĿȾֱԼƵСǰ֮⣬ϸڣֻüѹѹһƬڵ㡣ǣȺڵм䣬Ǽϵ֮ˡ
ɴǼﵱУΪ֮ˣ׼˸ţɳ⻮죬಻ɲǵָ䣬ƺ˰ңԶڣԶѩϣ֮˵أȺڵҳһű
һ£սǰһм֡
ҹ˲䳹ûֱֱһӣ˯ȥ
״ҲǣҲǣһԼš
˵߲ˡҹԸһ䣬ͱ۾¥ذϣ˯˹ȥ
㱣Ӹֱӽ˱ͷߡ
пտգʵԺҲ費̤ʵ˫Ŀ̧һӵĺӣ
ǲǿҪˣ
ĺ׹ʦδֳǵĹδЦҹۣЦ
ǧ꣬ˡŬɵ˵
ǣҺö ҹ졣
ͻȥԶʲôڲ
ʵѾûѡˡҲԽԽ壬ûףֻˡ
Է¥ĲȣԹֳֺòˣйţǰΪʲôôɵȻΪѳԵĶҹ£ػС
񳿳̽ϤҪȵˣҹ¾УԣԮգͻᵽ
Цţ˵
ݳ֮һֱֳ̼֮ǿţΪ˵˵ĵĹʵⳡֵܻȨսУڣΪԼѾȲʤȯֳ£ԼʤɹֽԼֳ
ҸղһˣݲͣҪҪ˴̽һ£ҹһϽӵ
˵ˣѾǡ 
˵ǵоŶնн׼ʲôͣ
ҪʲôС
ȥһʥּҼ޸㣿
´࣡
ȻǴ´࣡ҹ̽еǸˣС䣬ҲǾд󽫣Ĺʵˣ




Ĺ˵, һĺһȥĿ
, ΧֳǵĽ, ս, ֽţҧΧǰ, ۿҪƳǶ, ȴǵĻʵͻһۿҪֵսҪϽɻʵ, ת˲Ϊ̡
ֱ, ǵ»ʵΪλò̫, ֲĵܵĲԵñǸеҪҲǸӼе뿴ͷǣڿຮѩоս֮ʣƫ, 䲻⣬ž, ȴԼӪפ֮ʱһֳ֧ͷ, 粿׹ء
ٱ磬ʮΧǵĹʿھĹǣţ־붬ڱѩҰϿῼ֮ͻȻһͻΡʵǰߣǼΪʿȻת˲䣬µĻʵȴˡţΪݳܷʱԼԮĹǸƵ»ʵһרѩûڵأˡ
һѩУֱ£ǣȴǶøֱ׳ݡ
ΪݱѹͬʱĹ˵ӪУڷ贫ǵĻʵ۱ֳǵͷˣһߣ죬˵Ѿһغˡ
ʵ۶Ҫˣ˵ѾˣôǸΪ˭սֻҪս
ĹȫϵµĽʿһвͣؾ⣬һ߱ͻݱսҪ뱳ֳǳĵս
ͷת
ʱһ˳ˣרǵĿһ㡣ǸһֱĴͻȻǰ˵Ҳ֣֮ǰ֮õΧǹսȴֻ˺ֳûڳͷæòֺȻ죬δλӵӰƽһߵʱ̣ȴͻȻˣӰߴã˲ֱӡ
ǰʹ߱λ治֮ְ˼ѹȻʵĹʴȣٵԼͳ̳ݣ񸹱ܵУͷۻűݱΧ˵ʮĹһѡҪΪŰΪڻأҪͶѰһ·
Ͷ·ĹˣģȻϵ˭ǵƵ죬תȻҲ۵ģҪЧҵģҲֻЧˡ
һĹ˵ڲݻɵ֮ս˹ΪĹ˵ս
ݱߺȿӵ񣬱ѸٳЪȥˡϾѩ죬Ǵ죬۽˲Ƶأȥͱ˵ļ£
û˺˵ֿյе񣬱ٴιֳǴţ׼ˡϾѾж븶֤Լ̬ȣʣµģǵȴرˡȴĻر˵Ļر
ֳǣĶɱȥ·Ͼ׷˱ӵȡֵܵͷӴˣһ·㣬ɱ¾Ѫϴһ·ӵĶǵؾѾѳţڵȺĹһλ»ˡ
ҹ̡
ۼ֤ˣһųܣ˴ѻӣת֮䣬ͻȻһŵ޵ĿݣթǿӲ飬ɱѪ̡
Ǳʹƴֳǵġֻһˣûоӵıû̵ĸӣҲûߡ
ֳʱȥ˳սϣָҹվڳͷͣȴһ߲͵⡣ն֮ǰԼȥĹλȻ󣬻ͷȢֳǵĴСΪʺҹҪȢΪɣȡ֮飬˺죬Ӵˣɡ
ǰųǣž˸ʿ˵ǰͷսεˡҹû˿ɣӵļ붬ʱڣƵ켱ææ³ͷǸʿ˳ǡ
ǽ£һʯѣŷӦΪεȴǸıʿҪתͷһŵıʿʱһҩס˿ڱǣϢͲʡˡ
ֽ֮ʱдʶʿߵˡϡһΣֻǣЩˣһֱӰƵĺ֣ʶѡ
ҹû뵽ôһš
ٴ֮ʣѾڿоС
ҹоͣ㣬һ·ɱȴֽţߣ粽Уѷɡ
ǣۿֵܵͷۿһ˵ĺۿɱЩ죬ۿĶǣĹʵۡ
ȻɽĹʹпˡ
ʲô˼
ǿյĴϣڴϣԿüԶѩɽҹûϵǣлߵĶǣɾȻûϵǣǣᡣ
ûʲô˼ֻҪһЩӦõĶҵңҲʵ͸ҵĹ
վߣڿԶѩɽ䣬ºͶ꣬ڸһѣ̸һЩѵĺ飺
ʵҲ̰֮ˡ磬ļױһ˳ҲҪˣʹƣ֣֮ҲƽˡϾǮ˰ҵķϣȢĹĻʺĹŮˣΣ
ҹЦ
룬˵ģԭԲصô̣ǫֵ縡Ƽ沨ӰӰأЩСԹ֥飬ҹҹָͷģ˵ҲôǳԼϡˣϡٻǵݵǰӲһûС
ֻȥ
㲻õʲôӲתͷ˿һ۾Ϳ档
ô᲻һġҹǳЦȴһˮůƶΡ
뿪죬ε飬棬ļǲǶĹϵ۹ȣϺ֮׷ļ̶֢֮ʣ⻹ʲô˶ڲ⣬Ѫʮꡭ
˶٣̧ȴҹۼֿأһִ򿪡಻ƽϣתͷȥŶԶѩɽ˵
㲻Ҫֶ񶾵ңҲҪΪʲô֪ӵܣʽĹ̽鱨ƹܣкüˣȻ֪ݣҸҪٱ£ȴʼԽߣţʲôͶȡɵİ취սجΡ취ҲǹҸΪ꣬ǧȴû뵽ѫñߣҾ;֣ѵûûҵĽ죬ôཫš
˻ϻӣ̬ͣѺãĹ˵׮ʹ渵
ҹҧҧ޵ȴСĵشţһɧԹУѰ˼
ⶾн⣿
޽⣡쳣ɴ࣬ѸٵƳһۣƿĿ⣬ʡ
ҹĿתؿƮʵĶƶ˵ٻ޽⣬ûҪ˵ô໰˵ô࣬ҪЮ
ðɣҪЮ 
Ⱦ
Ȼأټ޽֮˵תĺ󻰡
Ȼ󡭡ҲԿǿǣҪ󡣡
ˣҹ˵ȴЩӸ¡̸ףѾԽԽ̸ˡʹƭǻ׹ݣ̧ɽѹ켺ȶģȽɽ
Ҫ󣬾ͱȻȻ
תͷؿƬ̣ͻȻһЦЦգɫһĿ˵
̫ΪˣãڻʲôǮԸ̸㲻ҪΪȢĹʺϲ㣬Ƿ㲻ɡʺ֮λֻҶʵ۱ʾһݳѡʵڲԸ⣬Ҳ޷
תڴϣץס˫磬ħ
㲻õһͷҶûȤһεŮˣһ˻ˣŮˣʵ᲻£ҲԼɫͼңĹŮˣŶӵصҵңҪʲôŮˣУҲȥƣŲţ˰˰꣬ɽ·ԶҲ֪
ҹӣϣϻץסļͷᣬҪѻ˼
Ҫģֻ֤ʹ֤Լ˶ѣ޷
˵꣬ץ˫ϵ֣תȥذϡ


ȴ

ǰδеľ
ûκοЮ, ûκο̵ݣ, , ûá
ҹһ, ûѵľء
֮ǰΧ뼢Ҫѡ֮ǰļ, , 찾ס
Ȼֱ֮ǰΧ뼢, ҪЩŵú, ǣﲢûп, סţóԺúȺôźţһȺūͲҹشӵšΨһĲãûκжɡ
棬һȺż嵶ıʿ, ҹſڡ
ҹЩʿЦʶĸо, ֲûб
ˣ벻ѿһпܵǰذףȥ, мӲϵ췢ΣҲõˣУҲտҲκο˻˵Ķ
ҹڵת˼Ȧ͵Ц
ЦŹȡû뵽ҪƣҲû뵽Ҫƹˤɱ˭ӽⶾɱԼ˭أ
ԣžõģǰ·¶䣬˭˵һ·ң
ҹ룬İõأ˺ãθڣůůͺ͵أڴϣԶѩɽð֮ǰǼݳɲĺ
ģҪƵ
һӺݻӣһ͹ˮĺã¶һսİСһǵģڵűϣԶգüԶ죬ۺѩɽȴڼϸʡ·еʳҪˡ
ӶҪҲ֪Լ⣬ǲ졣еߣӸµŲмѣ
ôôõθڣ
ȻأʳԲУѰٻǼһɱһΣҹطʡ
ǡǡڨڨӦˡ
Ȼ˵ҵνǣסĻʹţܱˣҪٲ鷳ԣһģǡ
ҹϵĵӣЩͱĩϥϣЩĩ糾棬Ծ裬̶׹
۾Щ׹ӣһ·ת˼ŹǧɽŴֲ֪ν֮ʣȴֱҹˣ
ǧֱղǸûûεŮˣǵľʳתͷл˵Ļ˲ңҷҪл㣬ûͼҾͷˣʡǷ飬Ҫô
ҹ˵꣬վĺãߡĩһأ·һ鷳
ԭأۿŽűӣʯذ⻬ضĩӾ΢оĹͼһ㣬ϸĥһ̧ͷɫȣڵкˮҹ˵
ҵľ˸ûҰˡ
ҹŬһʣˮ¸ŽοĻ˵ڣ㡭ڰ˳䡣
Χ֮ʱûҰͲˣòᣬϢʮ⡣ģ̬ȣòЩ˸Сֳʱϼ޻۵ûسˣһֱֳӣӶȶãҹΪչֵıἵģرġû뵽ҲᰧݣҲϾ׾˾ˡ
ݣһЦ˵ǰûص޸ˣֳҲˡ
ҹʱøзǰµͱˮһ壬紩ҩܡԭһݣɥ֮Ǹ֮ʹ
أĸнʹΪʲôΪӸûصˣ
йˣҲйˡֳǵűҪҪƫƫļ⣬ʹһ
ˣ׺ͶˣǾ֤ļµëʱްˡ
ҹŶǸŬЦǿοӡ
ΣֳȢףȻǳˡ
ĶӣҲʹճֳǣŻҪʹ첻òʣ
ֱ棬ʲô
ͷЦʣȴͻȻ£³һҵĵǻ䣬ȻǴ顣խ봩ȥڿʼ͵ٳԵ㡣
˵꣬תߡ
ιҪڰҶˣұɹѽҹʹ̣ϣڣһȥֱץס
ڵӼжϣˣʲô¶óһжɰжϡ
ҶʲôֱʲôûУԵ̫ˡűߣͻȻͷһĲм̿ڽ˵
ҹյһͣϣӷ£ͷҲȥȥϷתܸˮ֮ʹ
ԭ̫ˡŵѾֲʳµĸʹµʹ
ȢˣȢûصˣǳʲôǣҲпԭǵѣǣȢ׾ȢףʵزȥҲĨʵҪˣҲˣ⧲ӵǣͻȻӵĨһ㣬޹ϸˡ
ŬôõִǾޣǳɿˡ
ˮӿʪ£δԺ˽ϦϦ
ôϣʹģԿҲûˣſһԷ֮м֮ʵūͣȻҲȰ
ϡãʹҹ侲Щ¿תЩϣ룬۲Ϊʵ˵Ӹûص飬ģҲ˵ʲôѵĿԡӲԵ޹ʣͲģܻһ˵
ҪЩȴ
ôа취ġ˵ΣջȢӦǡ
ǣȴʹ
ţţղϢְοԼҲˡ
ԽԽƵʱһΣÿҲûʲôҪ£߼Ȧ´һ񣬷·һͷڣںòãΣǲǺȶ֮ࡣ
ҹֹĿ⣬̶Ƥ֪飺ֳǵϢ𣿡
ûУÿζһҲࡣøѼӵһ㡣 
ҹܾãһʲôǣκˣҲòκϢֻܣʱ
ϣ³һǵϣ
ǻʹǣֳǻ𣿡
춼ӦԵֳҲ⡣϶ش
ˡĿ룬Ȣûص飬ֳ̳ǣĹʵ۵ĵǻʹ飬ܸҪ¶ɡ
Ǹʱܼϵġ
˵ǻ䣬ǴǣһȺֵ͸˸⣬ϴϴ꣬Ϳ֬Ĩۣز磬ĩˣߣһһ׳ʵ͸һ·Юȥлǡ
ҹ﷢Ц̫СֲǷֺ壬ͷۡ޴޸֮粽Уѷɣڵʲô
˵ĻǣֲûйϤúܣֻһΣǼ޻ʵ̸ۣҪЩѡ˵شˣªףʵ۴ķȳ̶ȣ񾩳︻֮Ȣϱء
ӣǶڣһź֬ˢɵɷӣ˵Χۡ
ãҲ۾ϸһ㣬ҹĵľżһ㣬ǣűӣʽҲأûڳ©
˿λ»ʺܵ壬׺͡ü˳Ŀɫֹжȣһ˫ӯӯĿ˵һˮ⣬ڳˣº͵עĿһ顣ĲУ٣̴ָӣΧˣܵ»ʺòܵעӣϲС 
һ·Юֵ͸ϲڷ˾裬һڷ֮ʱҹã˶ˡ
ѹʯϹǦȥ춼
ϲϣĿϲɫᣣԾĺ˺ܾãܾá
о͸ֳһͷԽԽŨԽԽأȵϲȡ°Ǹ˫֦յ̨εһ¶ͭյǸ̶׵ļ׶С̣ҧҧѪһٺһѪӨ󴦣ð˳
׶ĴʹУã׹Ŀ֣ѵɡ
Ĺ֪죬޸ˣȴûֳǵˣһû
֪ʲôɣܹ˵ԼֵȴжӵְȫĶѹȥıϢ棬Ĵ


ѡ

ϲʱ, Ŀϲɫ
ԣһʱû״Щκġ˷, Ϊ˵ƵԵ, Ϊ, Ǹӹ˼ŮˣȻؾصһ, ϲ
ϲ, ǲǾζţˣζţӽԺ, ڿԶ, ˳ΪΪζţʱ, սصģĹʵĹж
̲סЩͲסĸ롣
ĿڷɨһȦأؿϵ, 統ͷͻ, ļһڵɤۡ
ɫ̺ϣŸȫ˶Űӣֱۼ, ֻ¶һѩɫ󣬿ſӣѪڵ̺ϣʳ˰Ϫӳ˴Ļ
űߣɲǻ㱼䣬ԳԭӲˣˡ
֪صôأһֱֵسԺȺȺȣһ·ûûεЦȴתۼͰԼɱѪá
ڿѰǻûӰ졣ȻѪɺӵűߣµġµòȥ̽ıϢµòȥԼģµԭأ˺ʧ˻ǣôüϢ򣬲ŷӦȣŽţ˦䣬һȺ˶סķ
ǣĹʵ۵Ĵ֮ҹˡ
˵һȺæҽĲ֮ҹǺ֬ϲŨŨѪζҩζĲ 
ĹʵۣЩȱ֮󣬻ǰˡһȫһֹ򣬸裬ֱ̹»ʺ»֮ҹӵ־磬ʲôһǰԡ
ֻҪǸһʱϵɵŮˣ
ֹѪιϴ̺ϣɢȥһƨ̱ڴߵϡ
ŵŮˣ԰ۣ΢ھȣ೤
쳤ӣŻ˯毺ӿáгɻ֪һصִŮˣǻ᳷ִǻ֣ǸԶ
˼꣬㱾ܵҪøЩüδѣ߿ˣ׽ֻƵ˿ףִݴϣǡ˯˶أᶯ֪ǳ޵ȶѩϵëϢеĵ㣬ߵĿɬҩζܸоõ
ãֺӳǰ㣬ֱӣس˼ڣصϣԴڴϣŹԹԵظƤϵ۴
Ĺʵ۾ϲϣȹ»֮ҹ
ҹδѡ
ͣůԶ΢ѩɽһƬˬδѡ
ͷߣһģ˷Źڴ˯ֱĻʵۣѣˡ
˭֪û˯Ļʵ۽ѣǰǸʧѪʵĻʺˡ
ҹ͵ۣǷ·֮ε⣬Ǹʹŵ˫һͨһӲϥǴأڴϡ
Űѹ
˯ۣ֨֨أŤŤʹĲӣǸ߹ȥ
Ǹߣأȥˡ
ػͷȴײϵˣһ˫ɫĹ⣬ֱȷδĹƵģϽЦ˵Σ
ҿƽʱ͸ûһôҲ벻ʱ򣿡
ңӵϢҹȴЦͳϢ΢ȴ쳣ѡ
˶δ𣬴ӵȽţת粽ߡ

ҹʹȫһ䡣˻ƲƣǰǸ첽θסˣŵǣսǻʵ۵䣬.ˡ
Ҹ㣬µȥһΡת̾˵
ȥȥҵ飬ǣӵ飬ûȨңҹɫ׷ɫȣͷȴˣȻġ
ӡǰͻˣرֳǵûˣûص顭ʵ顣
ҹƤգһ£šϢһʱ
㲻ҪңֲӶĳӣô֪̣ԼȥĻʺ׽̫ɣ˵ĸʲأͻȻƹ˻ʺ̫ʧˡ˵ôģ֪ǣҲУʮݷǵðȥ
Խ˵Խˡ
죡ҹʵȥˣѿڳŭһ
ʵ˵ôֱףҲװʾͨйؽڡ֪ˣҪǿȢȴǽȻȥ˺̫ү˼˵˰ΣҪֻѡһʱ㿴ѡʲô
ߣԴرƽ˻˵в㲻Լͳҳӣı֮ԣӲĸ׺ʮݱǽϸ˼ױûһˮһȥĺ׹һȺ
Զֵ˽صĮ񣬻ۏˮӶܲʪŵĸֶΣ
ֻǣֽԿ
ҹĬˣȻԣ֪ӵϢȥһεĶС
ȻһΣҲԽѿôҲͲ뷸ɵˣǵһ˰˵Ľ֮·ȥ룬һ־֤Ŀȼñκʱ򣬶ʢ
Ҫȥӣҵ׿һʣô£ߣԣذףʿĿһ׽ʲôλã
ɽңȥɽ
ҹڣһ˼طźݣɫδЩˡ
һ𣬱ЩĨȥӣóʵ۵Ϻת˲ȴֱɫסˡڨ⣬Сģϸز仯
вЩܣȴֻڶ˿̿ҹ˵ӣסôһھǸ⣬ЩܣҲ˵Ҳ˵ⱲҲ˵
ǣϣǴ˽šÿնиĶ͵İͷǣ˸ҹȢ׵⣬ģһűտڲᣬĴ룬һӡʱ䳤ˣŮˣ᲻ͶͶĻ
ԣЩŬЩˣЩȻǲġȻԼЩʹЩǲġ
Ĺ֮ؿǳ£˵Ҫ²ǲž͹ð⵽ҲѲƹ̽鱨ʹܹѸ֪¶̬׾αӵţ˵ΣĪٿ񾩣ƽ
£İáرܵƤҫûнǾɱϱߵĲԭ飬ʵһôˡ
ӵţնɣ̸ƣգܣģǧԣžһ˼ǿǿȢŮˣҵģҶһëŲҰĹ̤ƽ֮ࡣͷ¶ûˣֱӰÿεֽͳͳӽ¯Ϊ̡÷±ʼ֮ˣԺ׹ױʿǣӻ˼Źȥѻ˵ôģô˵ҲӼţȹһ˵˵
£Ҳİáʲôʲôʵնĺ׹Ҫ޸Ĺʵ۵ģôͱӵˣһֱ׳б£Ҫ˰ȻҪȫˣͱ̰ģôȫĺ£
ȻİãҲûʲôġڽһ˵֮һھǸ⣬ҲɢȻ޴ˡ
á
ŮˣĿ֮£ĻʺڣסĻʹ˿̣Ĵϡ
ⲻҪ𣿵Ȼҹ̬ȣܹٺõ㣬Ǿ͡Բˡ
ǣֽתƵҹһŵɫϣרעģſҪİ㡣
ҹĬã˵˾䣺
Ҷˡ
ظĸоžһ˫ƻ죬ͷӦͣ
Ŷ˾ͳԶϽ˴
ȻԶˣҲͲţǼˡ
˵㶫ҹ˵ȥߡ
ĿɿڴĻָٶȡϵģģ̫˼顣ϲűͱһҲиѪӣȻ޺ۣ޲ƽɫ˵Ļ֪Ĺǣ
ģô˸ңܲˡ
룬Ҳǣܲܰ⹬һӣȥ͸͸Ҳáȵػһ֣һȺʹӵİΧ£СΧسȥɢ͸ȥˡ
˺գˡԼСµӡ
ҹأʱԷ˯Ȼ󣬾µأһȺˣɽĹתƣתתţתɽǣĴ
ÿΣ
յسţһʱƻˡ˵һȺ˴ӵţߵﶼۣźóԵģģһ·򣬳ԳԳԣ棬˵ߴĹҲյõԲŪǵ˶֪ˣǵ»ʺǸĹֳɢǿ񾩷Ĺϡ档
еĵģǽˡֿʼЩС̣Ȼ鿴羰ѧԣˣôǲˣɲ˼Щ̫࣬Բ治ĶȻ˵
ôǲǸõʱǷ޼ˣ
˼ڴˣ̲סЩСȸԾ
ϣ֮ǰŵЩݻŮ˶ǣοϼ޵ֻ֮࣬Ӳ磬ڸԼǿȡΪ֮ΣУĽ䱸Ķѡ
ĹʵۿŰͷһѳʳҡһҡǶͯĲ˹ģҡÿռŵһ죬һαҧһھ׽һůĵ.ζ
ͻ̧ͷͷһȺͷֱֱسŽſһһȺʹ׳ʹӣѾڵʯϣڵأѹѹһƬˣͷģк޲ýͷص֮⡣ǣʯ̫Ӳ겻ȥֻܻսأȴţٵģʵ۵ŭ
ƤһƬӣĿһɨûǸùٻӰ
ʱʶ˶ˡ
ǸıȻƶ˵Ů˸ˡ




ϱ, һƬԭ
ݺӣԲ, һ
ݳ, ¹Ƥѥ̤ȥ, ϤϤ졣
, , ֻһز£㿹סϮ˵ĺ⡣
ҹǲԭϣͷԶѩɽ, ɽµĶ, תһ, ˹Ž󣬱˫ۣӣһһأŲԭжȥ
֪, Լ
ԭһͷѩɽ, ѩɽ󣬻һƬһƬĲԭĮҰ
Ĺǣ, ֹǧҪȥ͵ôһƬһƬԭҰһһѩɽذ
ǣûдûпɳ˵ĳûһǮûһűһĺ£ûС
Ǽů͵ĺãڳʱѸǸֵϸˡ
ҲһȺʹӵܼ£ɹ롣
миؤϲɹ̫ͬʱҲܵõ˵ʩᡣи򸾣ż׵СЩ׳ġҹмתƣЩʳǸȥգر࣬룬ȺʹӺȥַܿЩؤΧ£ȴֱ߿רȥ򼷲Զڱϵһҡ
ǸϸˣߵǽںСȴһӵšҹǰֱ£ǼСץһ»ʡ򸾿ݺᣬк˵һҲȴܶĸмһ˫Ƥ˫ץסֲš
ů£˫ϵ˫֣ýˡ
ҹºãϣȻϸǾĿУתһݣһѸ١
ȺؤǰΧͷۻʹӣǴۼǸźõӰǽǶţŸɳ֮
ǼϵȵϺ£ܿᱻؤȺеǿȥǼ׵СսʧȥòϿıӻпĶԴȺŪ˵ʧְūţҲĹʵ߳ŭ׵غ
Ȼزʣ䱯˾ȿѵĹ
ȵģԼԼĳģԼִԼ
ԣȥصȥȥȷϣǲǻԭء
ŵĿɮ˵ؤ¶ͷҹ˪Ͱټҷһһأｮ߻ȥ
Ҳʹá
ţ߻ȥѩɽԶǹȥ߹ĺƻ裬Ϧö׵ĴԭϣĿˣƮ㣬ģʺϲ
ȻǰǣǸмϺ⣬˫۵Ļ
Ǳϵķֲԭɢ֮أڻֻ̡Ҫ˼ңͿԽޣʳȡůٲãЩˮ͸һձ̺ҲǿӦȥġ
ǣҹ˶ģҧҧһǰߣһĴĿͼѰһһҹĺ˼ҡ
һһƽ£ҹĻ¸ϡţԶ׵㣬΢
ͷɣϲüңȴ𶯡
תͷȥҹĻ£¹ݵأһſһߺޣҹɫУӰֱֱֳѹ
ǵľӣĹĽ
ҹŤͷ˿ԭԶý翵Щǵ񣬿տҲ֮䣬ֻһˡ
ǣýֺͷ룬Ҳ֪˭ˣǳ˭ˡ
ǲ㱿ããؼ䣬ҲѸ٣˾׼أס
Ҳ̫СЩһˣ˺üǡ˲ƣУ
·ǶҲеļڽһ㣬֮ദͣסˡ
𶯣ʧˡćNȴûֹͣһӶ˳ɿ壬ҡҡλΣ
УԼǶԴе棬еȸҲɲģӲָɽζ
ȷֻȣҲܲǼֻ
Ȼͣ½ŲóĺԸݵˣֻбͣݣŻûޡ
ҹһӶǰߡ
տҰؼž̤ѹǳݵϤ죬ǿĶ
ҹסȥͷ۾бһ£ֱֻܱǰߡȻһʱҲûôćNćNأβ档
һһһǰһ¹Ų
߳С·ڣ޿ˣһ˼еǰפסȥ·
ҵ𣿡ҹΣͷЦʡ
⻰һǺصغһ¿Ҳš˻һʾʮֵĲмŭ
ҹƹͷǰߡ
ɿһ粽ˣԸ
ԭǣ㲻𣿡 
ҹ𣬵ͷһߡؿԭ˷·ס
лɫˡ ˦ޣǰһأͬʱһֻŻСüëв
ҹͻȻһЦĴ׼˵ݻģһ磬Ļƣ
ҪôߣҪôɱҡȻܻа취뿪ġ
ûͷţִȴ޾ˡ
ͷ죬˿
֪Ҳɱ㡣
ҹ˺һĶа룬㲻ɱҲ׷ߡ
ʱʵһ·϶룬һҪ׽ȥӹ˵ţЦú̶üѣǣҸղͻȻͨˣôصסˣزסġԼһĶûĵŮˣ
˵ţָ̧ѡҹֲˡ
ʲôˣֲ㣡ͻȻ
ҹЩ졣ԭɫ£һ࣬ǣȴʮֿ£ЩһͻĶ߶ǳ׽ˡ
ǴǰѴսȥذףӸǰѣݹ˵
㣬ɱǣҲԷˡ
ţϵۼֿضΧڼͷݺݵض
ˣȻҹ㡣
Ȼ˰죬У䣬ѥͲƴգճһӣˣ˿й¶ΪʵȴؽӵĹ񱣬ɶ񶾣
պˣȻ㡣
ĩˣԵĸͷѪݵϣ˵˾䣺
ߺã͡
Ȼ󣬾ȻԼתˡ
ҹǼµӣһѵӣӣӣɵԭأûܻع
·ӣ̫ͻȻ̫Ѹͣһʱܲˡ
ģˣͣʿǫǫӣ
ƽĶۣʵ
߳˰ٲԶҹŷӦĳӿ׷ȥӺ汧ס˻һʯ
Բ𣡡ԸǣϵصǸõġ
ԼǱͻˡ
ԲܵòôİãʹЩҹ񾩣绹Ҫ֪ʱ򣬻֪Ҫء

óҷ֮ǰߣ 
ϵֱȴɣһ룺
ͶƣȾζɡ
ްĹʺǣ㲻Ĺ׷ܹģģΨһˡҹĵӴˣĻţܱݣص񾩣ͽҪá
ϾҪˣ˻ٺ
֪ջ嶯Ǹжᣬʲôģʹúܡ
ҹų֣תܶȥ
͵ת˫ڿץһѣȭ¡ǸԶȥӰ룬Һܵÿ죬ȻҲľͷˡ
羵ΪʣΪϯǲԭŮ.졣ϧȴӷȣһأ˷ҲҲˡ
лҪ˵һµıժҪԺӵʫ䡰羵ԭӳǧ£ҵʣˮȫޣֻԭˡ



һ괺, ѿˮ, , ʮ, ïʢ
㶨ļֻ, ȴ޳, ʱ䡣
һ괺죬񾩳Ѿͷ, ʵ췭ظ
, һ򿵽ĻʵۣͻȻˡһ纮, ӵ΢ʳȴݱһֱˡ
Ȼ󣬱̽ȴȻɻʵۼݱ, گҪλڹ⳯Ȼը˹˹, ˰ʺڵһɺ빫ǣٹҲ巵ǰϹһƬ˺ü, ȴΨ̫ӡ
һ°񾩳Ƕ˸׳죬Ҳûҵֵ̫ܵĻˡʬ壬ֱӵ佩ֲµΡΪȺ̲ĳƣگǿαģ̫ȴҷģ̫ӼҪˣҪʬֻڴ˵£˳λ̳ˡ
䣬Ĺϵͳ̸ڣ֦Ҷïϻʣƹαگȴûа취ɱĳӡ
֮У͵ӽһĹˣκ˿кҲκˆ½ĬĬƹ˾ܴӪǿӲؿ񾩾ţȻΧסǣֱǿˡհԺһڿݾҵ˲ص׵̫ӵ¡
ûˣʮ̫ӵǻ»ʣȴвʺ̫ٳƣ߷ҡ񾩵ĹǽȻм仹ȥĹĺ׹ţҶѡԵذˣ޳ȥĹóȥˮԣͳȥļױջһЩǾջȽϺá
ıƽҹȻǣɱɱѺѺ͵ͣ
Ҫе˵УƵ־˭Ȼ๫ˡ
ƽй̫׵ܣ׾ˣȻӦλ˳ãŹǹ
ӳֺõСС񾩸ֺõĵùʹٵλȨصĶִ˵һˣȴǲͬնˡ
˵̫󲻾£ϲѯӣ׾λ׾˾ˣ˷ֶһݻݾ֮ƽ׺˿ɼ
ֿȵȨȻǴҶͽġ
ǣ괺ͥСԷģҪµģƶҪ˵׵ġȨͣ̾ţӣȥȥﲻ
ŷҲˮǴߣæòɿؼǣл龢ʲôǽӵõģʲôǿѵģʲôǵõģÿһ˫۽𾦣һ粻֮࣬ӦȲ߲ܣ˼鷳ֲ飬˼鷳
ЩϵӦ·ǸСˣվŰģղţԽ¯ࡣ
һ󣬸ſ˸ŮɣȴС˸סˡ
Ůɣһͷڷ٣һСѥʵҲɾģַ糾͵ĸоǸո˺ܳܳ·һ㡣½ϣϴɫѥżϣĥƤ
һذɣȴϡŹݵֻȴһӾ񡣼󷽷£վˣͷ˿鹣ִ˿ͷĴůԼɹţתȥ˱ϵͩ£ʯʨϿˣأԱĿ
ŷСˣϣԥ
ȥɣ񾩳ǵŮӣҴΪòֺãרϣſ³ؼңһ÷ˣ˵ĹȢ˸ˣȴҲûдѰԵ֣ϵĺߣù
ĴŮӣÿնôߣ޿䣬ЩҪḮߵѾߵģ˷Ըȥǡ
ɣŷСòסֱǸɵͷڹǰͥŲӺȣд˿ֱӱʯʨͷЩĽɧŵŮǣɱȵġ
һĴ磬ʵŵĹŮɡ
ŷС˾˰죬ھĪҪΪãǸѵĹŮء
ǣ½Ůɣ
кιɣ
ҵҴˡŮɾҲЦŴ
ʱģ͸ͩ϶Ůɷ䣬ϣͷԡ
ŷС˿ˣƽӦſЩ֮ᷳ˵ĲһҲʹܵ˵
չ磬ҪЩͷȣҪȣ
ûϵҾȰɡŮɾмЦЦܾĺ⣬أԱסʯʨһ㣬ͷǺۡ
ȻǺۡ
չ򣬲ŷСӦӲϾȿ϶ʱ̲סתʯʨȥһŮɾʯʨ˯ˣ۽ϹǶֹЦ⡣
治֪뵽˺εϲ֡
һһѣһͷһ㣬ʯʨˤ
ŷС˿ķģתӦˣ˲ˮȣ˵ԡ
ҲΣҴ˽Ҫǣ˼ҵȾˡ
ƫƫգǴͻᣬҪҹ磬ɢġ
ԣӦϯصʱҲѾҹɫڡ
ŽͣŷС˸Ͻӭȥ˼ҽһˣһ⳯ͩʯʨԿȥȴŮɵӰ
ϸһңʯʨϣһĨɫȹߣҹɫ£ôԡ
ԭʯʨ棬סΣȴֲͷβſڵ˴죬ٵͷˣȴֲĪǶĽô
ŷСͨī˸秵˵Դʯʨ֮⡣
£ʹüĿһ˵һߡ
˽ףűϣ̧ſ˰벽˻
֪ӦΪŷС˽˵еĵĲԾ֮ת˳˵Ŭʾ⣬ױͩ¿ȥ
һɽѣٸҹ£һĵļ尾ɲǼ䣬ظݿࡣ
Ĺ»ʺȾްŵıɥ飬һǰ͵ˣɳȥѰ˵İ̽ǣȴһֱûκϢ
ͷһңϰʹȻɣüĿɫǴʯʨ̽һССӡԱҲߣŷСֻǼһžŮɣĴ治ãѰ˼ţҪҪˡ
ɰŮɣе²֣˼ҳճյص˴գڵʱ֣Ľϵȥ
ŷС˾һ˫۾ӺŮϣתţԹɫҲÿ˰죬ȻòҡȻǺĿ̬ľ˱仯֮󣬵óĽۡ
˵ʱУŮɼŶ㲻ˣʯʨᱡһƬҶϸһ磬ȹ棬£΢΢棬Цų˵
һˡ
Ỻǳһ˿ԹЦʢţɢҹɫģߣƺңɼ
ԭأôüϢ򣬼س񣬲űɫ
ҹɫϮµĻƣҹŮɽűߵļȹաӰ˿ڣѵ˵һ䣺

˵꣬أת̧ţš
ȴдʯأڻˣ˾ͺá
лҪ˵Ӹ绹ҪҪ



С˲, ϵðҹġĹ֮УֳΧǵǰ, νѵġ
, һǰ, ׹Ѷ鷿˼һ, ȴűһ͵, һĨᣬ޳˸ˣĵ, ҹ, һᶼûС
ԣղŽʱ, 𾪵һ
ŮɵϤòڹӵĮ̬ȡ
ҲڹŮɵļദʽ˸Ӱڣȣӱ㾶ֱԷС鷿, ȴŮӸҪ̫ҼѾ, źԡ£׼һʳϴɾȺõķˣһ͵Է
, Ŀ͹ӴȶȥıӰת̧ͷŮڼȿڣЦأֱ֡
ÿнָͣϽѹƶ˭־̫˼飬ϲãֱȻ˸С
ӵķԸǻģڳȼ䣬Ůü
̫ݣ̫𣿡ͷȹѥ棬ڨڨЦСˡ
ǵģۡʸڷϣ΢湫Ӻգ湫ڡ
һЬ糾ͣݣݳֽƬۡ
Ҳ˵ˣȻΪԼϹɡ
ȴ֪ҹѾǾκˣ֮Լ߿ǲԸ⵱Ͼ£һ壬ǰʧ̬
һߣŻԷС鷿ŶǼ䷢ᣬ۾ʪʹޡ
ӡ
ǹ⾰һǳ˲ٵĿ࣬ȴʲôʣʲô˵ֻһζЦЦĸγϣĶһء
СʳŹ˵˶ôļЩƤ֮࣬ԣţܹϴԡһ޽£ݵ°ͼ⣬ֺ޲ðζ̰
ӼһҲٽܿࡣ
ҹȴֻ֪Į
һǻɻ·ң۰Ͱ͵ڹſڵգһ˲䣬ԼĵǶʱɢ֮ŨŨϣؼ䡣ǣڻˣ̧ͷܼ¿ɴϢţģʲôҪ
֪ȴ̲кţҲ˵Ҳ࿴лһ򷢡
񾩵үǴ󰡡Ҫԡ£࣬𣿽ǲǾ͸ӼӸ˰
ҹеСžţҲѹеӣİѾȥԡ£һʵĿȹȴǰ࣬ͨŮԵÿˡһѣȴḮѾǴŵʽɫȹҷ۵˿
ѾһʱҲҲźʵ·ҲԼΪſڼ˸˽ҪѾ֮ʹ
ҹǸҷ˿ԼϲֲϵϵǿѾͷװģֻǣ΢Ҹ磬籡䣬ǱýʵʽɿôҲܹµѾߣ͵ű˷̵
Ѿ߿ˣףĵҪҪһ
ˣͦõġ
ҹЦЦܾݺ⡣֪ѾͷĹǡɲḮѾߣĶ޳УѾղŻµĴ²ȹöˡ˵ڵĴ޼ҿɹ飬˿Լ˭Ҳ˵ˣܹߣѾߣӦøмͶء
ȥԷС鷿
СϣѾʳյأһСģϻʳУðǻû˳Ĳȡ֮ܶҪԷһ
ڰߣһֻףר־أʢһ뿪θ
޳ָڣִŰףʲ㸲׹룬ˣɾɫüĿ续̧ű߳ɵŵŮɣӲк
ԡ
ҹбŤȴûèƵкؿ粽ǰСһ࣬ȹã˿ӵݹĸûֽӣ˿ĳʳҲ磬Ŀͣϣôֱֱضˡ
ӽ볯ǰһ飬üԼǺ޲һѳʳȫԸɾ֮⡣
Ҳ
ҹҡҡͷһֱֱضһ˫ɽ̶˫ۣĺͯһ㣬˵
㱧
ֻܴԣģô˵ʲôѰʲô
ɫŨȴǲ֪롣
ϴɾˡ
ҹֵͬʱ̧䣬䣬ãݣ˳ػѾõ´ƮƮЬմϮˡǣѾŬעˣԼͷسǰ
һҲࡣ
ٲһ䡣ʵﻹЩǱ̨ʣû˵ûûκ޹Ҳûಫڻ;ڵ꣬ǸɫĵңҲû
ɰɣϣ̵۹ԵǷĵҳϡ
ҹּ̧䣬Ŀͻ⣬¶һ˪ѩ¶ǵǳĸ̺ۣɫǵˣ״ȴһֻ棬ڰ֮ϡ
ͻȻüĿ̧һץס󣬽ضǴ˰̣
ô£
ҹŵ֣־ǯãֻþ˾죬ʵ
Ҳûʲô죬дǣҼûһʱͿżϲ̨һ¡
˵ڣֲ۽޶һ̧ۣżӵɫˣæֲ˵
ڶҾͨˣԺҲ
û˵꣬ͱ͵һ˸ʵ 
Ҷ㣬Ѫϡҩζһ𣬷һ㣬ذסһ˫ƣļͷǰ󱳣ȵָŨڷͷһ࣬ǽͷҼѣִӶޣüǣ۾ٵǣ촽°ͣһ·˸顣
ĩˣɻȥסͷ䣬ս˫ۣʹؽǶˣס
ҹԺӰ˾ӵ
ҹЩӾ࣬ת飬鷿ܣȥ괺ĵطɣЩһֱϵĻڶߡ˵ʲôʳĿ࣬˵ʲô֮һ˵ʲôش񾩣һӡ
Ҳġ 
Ȼһ겻Ĺײǣ̵ܹ˼Ҳܵõˡ
꣬־þʪյģǴӵͷ۾ٹ
ˮ
ˣ
ϲ
ڲ䣡۽伡ȶѹǣĹܸоõ
̣ʪġ
㡭ҪҹæȰδӿޣҲ֪ΰοһˡ
㲻Թңڿ
ѡΪҹԹԼҪԹԼġ
֮ʱȴȢûص飬Ϊ˳ȫֳǰŮһԸȷֳԼȹ̣Ƽ޸ʱȴѡȻ񾩣Ȩ塣
Ȼûص˿ļٷޣȻڷ֮ʱҲͼĪȥҲͼЩ档
ǣһǣǲʵǶûܽţͱʹƣͻҲǲʵ
Ů˽飬ֻѡһʱѡ˼档ֻѡһΣǻѡȻһȥڣȥ˼Ǹˡ
ӾԼɺޣɱĵط
Ѱټ׼ں˼ʱʮ˶ȻԼ߻ˣǵ񾩣ɽأǧ衣
ϣҹҲԹŲǰھʹࡣ
ΪʲôҪԹ㣿
ҹȴ˿ͬ˼·šӣôߣü䣬ɵ˵壬˼ǳ
뿪֮ǰǺģţһҪ׿һʣǲǲҪˣǣһص񾩣ʱҾãеԹޣƺɢˡ
ҲΪһ·ľаɡ˺ܶ·˺ܶˣҲõʱҰ˯޷ʱ̯ǰʳԭʱɱǣסڵʱҲɱˡҼȢʮС檵İʮ긻̣ҲḸƶŮǧѰĳ鸾ˣҲ㿷֮޵ĸɣžҲ·ߵĶǣ׻С
ҲΪ˵ıϲöˣͲô̰˰ɡȻʲôûУʲôˣǣʲô󣬲޸㣬Ȣңֻ룬ܴߣ㹻ˣҲΪѵĻһԡ
δ˵꣬Ӿô졣




⼸, , һԡ
˵ǹڸſڼ˸Ѿͷ, Է, Ѿʹ
ĵϡ¶
ô꣬ӵ, ǴûгֹŮ
, ḮеǣҪһѾͷǺεȹɫ㣬ͷ, ܹôѸĹӸ㶨
, Է˭ܽģǸѾͷҲ̫լס, վʹԷԺŶ̤벽ʵǲԽԽʢĺġ
˴ҼԺܰҪֻҪһÿգ, Ѿͷʲôغδ, ڼѾͷ檰Ƿ̻ͨ
ʵص㻹Ǻ档ĵģǹӵ., ô۵ˣͨԣŮƫƫôĹž͹ֿϧҲ۵ġ
Ź΢ЦԼǴǸ黨УڣȴЩûӹˣʲôأӵ磬ϣڱģ
Ȼ󣬾ЩģüŪۣĨǣʵҲǳ..أŻ޼ɵأʲҹûˮһҹ˼ˮĲˣӴȥ˯Ķ˲İ 
ͱˣһǲŭѧ֣Щ.ҵĴʹūǣ˸ԡ
תߣЩδ뿪Ц׷٩ˣNɪ˰㶼ҪʧˣˣҪϳԷ˲ǡ
ͷҲص߿ȥЩǷϷЦ
ʵҲſЦʧƺûеù裻𣿿ˣԷһλŮӣæöֻûͷۣɹȴˣ˵ǲ㣬ȥϷҪѾϳԷ𣿿ɲȥѾҪԺͱˣרĸ߱ǡ
ḮƽʱͦеλġΪǹӵһͲһң޷ֵ꣬¶࣬լԺģʲôԸϲȥȴĻǹӵĻһ㣬ϷҲҪʵġ
磬̫£ͦͷűߣڳأҪѾߵ飬Ϸ˵ˣҲʹµͬҪˡ
ϷϣһȺѾߣŽأ˲Ļ㿪ʼΧ̫⼸յİԣָ⵱еĲ˵ȻǷ̹ӵѾߣôҪȥ
ЩϷѾͷǣͷЩʹūǰֱɲǣеĺ棬ҲЩˣ֣Щ˲ɼ̫ȥԷһߣǸӣһ
̫ʵϣֻŮ̫ˣʸȻϡȻҲͿӵ飬صö࣬ǿܵ٣Ů֮¡ȻѾ߶Ӵ飬Լſͷ˵׵鿴綼ŮһѣԺˡ
ԣƾһȺɵѾͷƬߴߴƾ²־򣬵ȵòӶˡϷҲûǵԸ
ȲӦѾͷȥҲûаĸļӷԸǸӴһʧȣȥԷȥˡ
š
òȥ˵Ҫ˿ԣҪ
ֻñϹϾҲΣֻü˸Ŀ϶ˡ
˵˸ϷڵĸӶˣ̸ܽ
ҲǼ񡣡ǳˣȴüá˵
ôǼ쿪ۣʧõġ
ҲգϾʺϳլţиϸĵŮϣҪЩѾͷֽŻϷ΢һ̽
ӿʵشȴЦ˻ͷĽ˶ܹ࣬־ø֮£俴ȨףȨ֣Ҫʹ졣
ĸһ죬ָϽ˳˵ⲻĸײ˹ȥӦء
ǾͲѾͷϷ˺ɫطʡ֮⣬Ѿͷӆ
šЦ
ĿۣϷһʡӿϣһǧһص飬ȷЩΪá
šЦֹۣģֱǿ˹ǣѪġ
ǻǳմưɡΣϾҲءҪˣϸʵģٴǹȥ
ϷֻǸ·߼ѾͷҪ檣ֻҪºͣײδĸȥ
Ȼûص飬ʵˣԭһ׮ףôӳ绹ǵȢġ̫Ǹ嶼߶¶
Ǹ̫ŮģӵִĶӣȴֱɶ£Ůϣ𿴳⣬ģģϵúܡ 
ºˣڿˣմˡ
յúѾͷǺĿ뱾£˻
Ϸȴһ̾Ϣ֣ϡһģǴиļٻȴָиִȱϷǷԷθ̾Ϣ
ЦӦУĸǴ첽Էȥ
ҳ˸Сڷĸо
죬ͷеǵģҹ§˯ģ򸴺
Ȼ⻰Ҳͷһƣȴܵҹ˵ġʼίԣţѰʲôݣ˲С
ƫƫǽ˶ڿ˵ʲôҪ˵Ѿ߾С
ǣѾߵѾߵ£ͷڷ
Ӿͷһĺ˼ҴҽԺӣ׼ʼҹ
˭֪괺УǷ켫ֿȵȨ๫УνҹǸｻǰӵӵұǹ˶ѡ
ݣǵ̵˶ѾԡˣɻɢһͷʪڷŽѾӣ˼ӡ·ôϣҲ֪˱ʲôڿýζأԷЦָԶ֪οЩӬͷСֵġ
̾һãʵ⣬ֱйȥˣ½󣬰СǺһƬӨס۽ǣס˫Ѿñ㡣
С˶ˣ̧ЦЦǴкתִæͷСȥˡӿҡͷȴ̴ֲֽϵĵŲýЩִӱȡһյһǰ
ȥѰ˸ĲӺѬͷ
һͷʪӰסһšεóˮһزţһ߲棺
Һǻ㣬ô߻񾩵ģ
ϴͷ֪ɵһôԶ·Ȼûжûбձƭûߴ·
Ǽ󡣡ҹ̧գЦ˵һ·й
ˣһֱĵںֱͽ߾δıġˡһ·Ӧ˳񾩡ȻЩ飬ʱӹིġ磬⼸Ӷֺ޲һȥΪ
ҲӦˡɽ׸ģơϻڼʱ˯ọ̃ò˸ǣĻУ˲䱻ԭΡӵţ̫ˣӵ̣֡Ҳ̫ˡ
Ȼ⻰ɲܵ˵Ҫյġǡ
һ߰ܣһҲأĻᣬѵλִ˵ͷ̹
磬Ӹͷתȥȡ˰ӹͼղõ½ֻ˰ߣ¶⻬ļͷ
үüźۼذǼͷסٸͷɵ˸׹Բ࣬ȥҹ
һڵģŨŨĲζԼʮȫ֮ģʢһ룬ݸ
ҹе鲻ţʹҡͷȣûա
ĸԸ찣ҨǼزһһڵشˣݵ
Ϊѣüغˡ
ιʳһ룬ʢһ룬Ҫι
ҳԲˡҹ棬ŤӶ㿪
ꡣ˵
̫Ѻˣҹűӣпࡣ֪ǶЩʲôҩгӵҲ̫ٺȾҪˡ
ٺȰ롣Ӵۿۣĥ
ô࣬ĿǷʳﲹһ
Ҫ𣿡ҹе
չʳÿ춼޲һͷòײݳƮƮĸоŲ뼸͸ԻȥԲ
ӱµ̧䣬ͼǼŤҡڣִӼͷˣ¶һĨˮɫ£Ļš 
һ񣬾Ͱ̸˵˳
˵öԣ˺óԡ
̫ˣܲסôĥҲԸǶ˵ԣҹҹ§ڻŵġ
ֵҹסˣƲƲ죬ֵ
̫𣿡
ӷӦͻȻһ˵Ӹǰ棬磺
ǣ˱طҾáðɡ
ҹһ˵һϱȻǿӣְֳģûҲʲôˡüָһǰץǰ½
һҲֵġҪҪھͳԡ
ӲĬĬظе룬ʪӲ˲ֲ֡Ħȭơ
δôֱ׵Ůӣôֱ׵룬ƻ˲Ϳԭ
ȻôʢͲˡ
лҪ˵԰ɳ԰ɣȳԣԹȺڶȲˡ



Ȼôʢ, Ͳˡ
ҹҹͺˡ
֮ǰļ, ӹúܵ, Ҫǳ, ҪҲǳԡһͣԵ, Ҫһٴҹ, ÿһ٣ӶҪʣв, ͺ޲ö볯ﵹ
, ĿվͶһ˳, бԡڿ˼Ƕ£ٳһ֮⣬Ҫڿ˼Ƕ, ԼڱʱһڲϢ, ˯ȵһҹ
ϷѡѾͷڶվԷԼĪϷн, ղأҹӣʳ˲ˮͷš
ǣӵ񣬾ͼ򵥶ˡιԶǳʱιԣٳʱȳιԣЩʱһιԣһ߳
ӣ̫ơ
ҹãԼ챻سɽ.ˡû
һո磬˯Լչ߳³ţҹʹ˯ۣҡͷԸ˯ȥץס󵽣
ߡ
ԼߵģҹѾˣûã˺û˵û±ܡʱôͻȻ㲻ͨˮۿתŲ磬ȴۼֿ죬ɫ..סˡָڵþƣߣҲۣ۾˯
˯ˣһ⣬ͨķ
ӿգ˫ۣʮҡβ󣬿Ǳ˸ʵҹҪôһͷյġ.ﻹ۾סţǵͬԼţתͬȥȥ
ӾЩԥõֻϵС֡
ұ֤ܣ£Ҿڳ㡣޷ģҲȥ˵ġҹϽ
˵ĪˣһӦˡ
ǣӳţͰȥϳţӹɣñϺšñΣ಻࣬ѾͷѾͷҾ첻Ҿ졣ʲôˣҼΪ˵Ƕһ˶ʶǣ⳯⣬ȨǣȴǼġ
컯֮£һѾɥѶˣǸŻġ
ڣҹʶԼĴжô⡣
ӵ磬ǳЩʶ˴򽻵ģģеģģ磬̫󣬻ʵۣУӵĸס
ΣȥһĸףģˣƤȥҲԭ깬磬ϷǼģһۼӼԺãϳˣô죿
ߣ˳زֻܹͶϵء
Ȼʱ˿̣ҹŷ֣Ȼأ룡
Ѿûߡ
ΪԼǸùĹ»ҰûݣñƳǸû˵ݡ
ȴ죬Ŀݲһزסһ˿ܡ
һ˷֣ĺ׹Ĺʺ󣬻漣ػţһү檣ںεأ
ʷ̨Թ٣һһĭӣͿ԰Ѹãǽ壬һͿء
ǣһӲլţԷʵĽ.
ҹ˼ҹ񳿵Ϊѡֲòţܣԭ鷳
Ҫҹʶֲһ˳뿪߾Ͳ˵ĽСģһֹǡԤеģҲδֻ֪ʱҲ֪Լ˼
ʱֻеһĹ¶һûнŵܣӶ棬Ӷͳû˻ǣû
˼ڴˣҹһӿ
ȻôʢͲˡ
ҹҹͺˡ
֮ǰļգӹúܵҪǳԣҪҲǳԡһͣԵģҪһٴҹÿһ٣ӶҪʣвԣͺ޲ö볯ﵹ
ڣĿվͶһ˳ԣбԡڿ˼Ƕ£ٳһ֮⣬Ҫڿ˼Ƕ£ԼڱʱһڲϢ˯ȵһҹ
ϷѡѾͷڶվԷԼĪϷнղأҹӣʳ˲ˮͷš
ǣӵ񣬾ͼ򵥶ˡιԶǳʱιԣٳʱȳιԣЩʱһιԣһ߳
ӣ̫ơ
ҹãԼ챻سɽ.ˡû
һո磬˯Լչ߳³ţҹʹ˯ۣҡͷԸ˯ȥץס󵽣
ߡ
ԼߵģҹѾˣûã˺û˵û±ܡʱôͻȻ㲻ͨˮۿתŲ磬ȴۼֿ죬ɫ..סˡָڵþƣߣҲۣ۾˯
˯ˣһ⣬ͨķ
ӿգ˫ۣʮҡβ󣬿Ǳ˸ʵҹҪôһͷյġ.ﻹ۾סţǵͬԼţתͬȥȥ
ӾЩԥõֻϵС֡
ұ֤ܣ£Ҿڳ㡣޷ģҲȥ˵ġҹϽ
˵ĪˣһӦˡ
ǣӳţͰȥϳţӹɣñϺšñΣ಻࣬ѾͷѾͷҾ첻Ҿ졣ʲôˣҼΪ˵Ƕһ˶ʶǣ⳯⣬ȨǣȴǼġ
컯֮£һѾɥѶˣǸŻġ
ڣҹʶԼĴжô⡣
ӵ磬ǳЩʶ˴򽻵ģģеģģ磬̫󣬻ʵۣУӵĸס
ΣȥһĸףģˣƤȥҲԭ깬磬ϷǼģһۼӼԺãϳˣô죿
ߣ˳زֻܹͶϵء
Ȼʱ˿̣ҹŷ֣Ȼأ룡
Ѿûߡ
ΪԼǸùĹ»ҰûݣñƳǸû˵ݡ
ȴ죬Ŀݲһزסһ˿ܡ
һ˷֣ĺ׹Ĺʺ󣬻漣ػţһү檣ںεأ
ʷ̨Թ٣һһĭӣͿ԰Ѹãǽ壬һͿء
ǣһӲլţԷʵĽ.
ҹ˼ҹ񳿵Ϊѡֲòţܣԭ鷳
Ҫҹʶֲһ˳뿪߾Ͳ˵ĽСģһֹǡԤеģҲδֻ֪ʱҲ֪Լ˼
ʱֻеһĹ¶һûнŵܣӶ棬Ӷͳû˻ǣû
˼ڴˣҹһӿ
ɢֵʱ
๫һŹײ˭ҲٴһȺèèȥιʳһҴҵسá
ѰԼһͷȥԸćNֹ̰࣬ѹû¹˦
᡺İӯ㣬ӽǸڳ˯ԺŮɱ𣬿ϥ䣬ֳߴӲʳ
òʳûУ
һڣѳԡõ๫ǣԵúýʡ
ҹ˫ۣ޶٩شѰػͷ̽Թϣأ˯
սůȣ˵ͣڸǽӰϮˣڳһ죬ҲǵƵģˡ
˵ȤˣǺαأ
ӼƤһ߼ȼ֮𱸣һ§ᣬݴ࣬ѵˮӡǣǸο
ѽҹ׵÷ЦŶ㿪֮⡣
ĵȤǣڼҲȤճ˳뱻ԣ˯뱻˯
˵飬֮֮裬ɽ亣ԶҲ壬οǰ䱫ԡ˵κˣκ飬ʧ˾ģûģľګȤĿ֮ʱӾͲ
ȵڳϦƽε飬ҹ
ʶԽҪӡ̴ҲǼˣִҡͷ̧Ƶ
ɢֵˣʲôȥ
ԣҹֻߣֽͷػĹϢ˵
ʳ嵭֪ԲߡҪϷ¥ȥ
룬ϸϸѯ
ȥ
ҹؾܾЩĥֲǿǷ̫õʳǣ˼Ѿ˦һˡ 
Ӽ״Ҳ´Ħвã΢ʣ
ȥ߲ʱ硣
˵䣬ɵ㽫裬ǡ
ߣҹԽ˵Խû
ﶼȥȥߣۣ鷳
Ӳ֪߷˼ֻᣬϷ塣
ڻİһ𣬱ˡ




ɢֵ, ʱ
๫һŹײ˭Ҳٴ, һȺèè, ȥιʳһ, Ҵҵسá
ѰԼһͷȥ, ԸćN, ֹ̰࣬ѹû¹˦
᡺İӯ, ӽǸڳ˯ԺŮɱ, ϥ䣬, ֳߴӲʳ
òʳûУ
һڣѳԡõ๫, Եúýʡ
ҹ˫ۣ޶٩ش, Ѱػͷ̽Թ, أ˯
սůȣ˵ͣڸǽӰϮˣڳһ죬ҲǵƵģˡ
˵ȤˣǺαأ
ӼƤһ߼ȼ֮𱸣һ§ᣬݴ࣬ѵˮӡǣǸο
ѽҹ׵÷ЦŶ㿪֮⡣
ĵȤǣڼҲȤճ˳뱻ԣ˯뱻˯
˵飬֮֮裬ɽ亣ԶҲ壬οǰ䱫ԡ˵κˣκ飬ʧ˾ģûģľګȤĿ֮ʱӾͲ
ȵڳϦƽε飬ҹ
ʶԽҪӡ̴ҲǼˣִҡͷ̧Ƶ
ɢֵˣʲôȥ
һϣһ׽סĺְۣһĦ棬һ
ԣҹֻߣֽͷػĹϢ˵
ʳ嵭֪ԲߡҪϷ¥ȥ
룬ϸϸѯ޳ָڣС֣΢΢ʹصĦ
ȥ
ҹؾܾЩĥֲǿǷ̫õʳǣ˼Ѿ˦һˡ 
Ӽ״Ҳ´Ħвã΢ʣ
ȥ߲ʱ硣
˵䣬ɵ㽫裬ǡ
ߣҹԽ˵Խû
ﶼȥȥߣۣ鷳
Ӳ֪߷˼ֻᣬϷ塣˼ıŤĥõ֮¸ָ֣̽ű.£ҧֱģָָ졭Խ. 
.յкһբҹ컣ˮӿС˶ԼԣݣһҲ⣬ǳϰ䣬һƵƵߵԭ򣬷ǵѣЩýʵ.µģǣЩģû裬Щͷţﵽ⡭ԡ 
ڻİһ𣬱ˣǿмצƵЩ.࣬ȻͲ¶ˡӵͷŻеܣֻŴĲ
δ˵ǾҪˡ
Եôߣһѽӳϱһ̣ϣӭ߸ߵıǰͷݴҪѴ
ͷǹ컯ִ֣ʻ̷ߺ˵ּۻۣ塣ҹδȿ.ˣסһѿһ롣
꣬ԣһסӸæֿڲãһ롣
ҹȴʹͷһһţ
ЩաȻǱϣֻĳԣȻǳһҲ飡
ôˣֿ죬ס
㡭ҹ˵ȥת̧䣬ӵļУšü΢ֱ۷·ģĴһ
Ȼʶ֮գҲӵΣСӣɻͽӵΡⲻǷôˣΪλҪ룿ôˣôҪѿ 
Եέʯ˴˰ݣȡã⾡ǡ
䣬ǽУӲתһһĨ.Ц˵
Ȼҡ
ūӲ֪⣬ȴҲʵʵػһ
Ҫҹҹֱˣ۹󾱣ҡͷЦ˵
ūūӶͷ򢣬ľѺ
ҹ̵ģ̲סһ߽Цһ߼أ
ġ𴽺˸֣͸һЦ΢⣬ͷɫ뽾⣬⳵ϣҽв 
¹ڳ֣үмڵںЩΪˡͷ.£ࡣ
Ҫҹס棬ѭѭգŤӣСöԾԾ
ǻԾӣѪڣļҲɤǾΪĻҲһԾڣ
ĸζ
ԣС˶ϲãһĿޣ̶ü䣬ƫͷ죬֬ӡϡ
ӱӡһڲſڷҧססŮɵ촽ȴˮѣĺ㣬ȥ
Ҫ˵㰮ң
ͣûһߴһĺԣѹ
Сˡ
.һȼ
£У쳾ˣȴ֫ѽѷ֣׹Դ죬֪˹εҲ
ǲҹĲʲôҩ
Ϣ϶ҹ̲סʵҩ֮£Σ˸ɡ
ǲѪº֮ѣôˣʵȴֲ֪Ϊ
ÿα㱧һף͡ͻˮ࣬ƺ糱
ǣ.ҹݣֻӯӯ˫Ŀһ㶮ҾͲ˵˵˼ɬǺš
ȻǶڱءһ¸żֽҲŲʵˡʹ׽һֻ֣ǣ.
ҹƵģ֣ܵȴסǸ˽ҲòˣԽԽӦ֣
ūūĸζ㹴ҵģҶˣ˵ô죿
˵ô죿ҹҲǵ߻أֱֱطĩˣ룬һ¸ֿԣһ
Ҫ֣Ҫ죬Ҫң
ַɣձȻüβŴۣ̬䣬ɡ
ﻹܵסüһ˵ֱ̽˿
ʣ鼱֮ʣһ͵һҡͣ˻Ůӵľͷ¶ˡ
ˣĿӡ

һ͵͵ĺǳ⣬ųС˷ʱ򱻴ϣ˭ʹ졣
ӣײһСӡ
޴ԩĬĬسҹӴǻ.תĪŭ




г, ˮ, ֯, ֡
ۻ, ˵ѸΧָۣ, ԰ֶˡ
һײһСӡ
һпͷİԡ
ײ˵, ͨģûʾ˼ݵĻҲûκ߱װ, ͦ, Ȼ˶, Щ޲ðմȫҶڳϵģЩ԰ڵ¹󱩷ЩңԹǣͨ, ͵Ǻľĳ, Ƶĳ㲻ͨ˼ܳеġ
У˼ҵͷͨСһǲ㵽֡һͷöҪڹе, ײˣȻǺܴ̼ǵ
ٿǸײŮɣ£ͷ䣬ͷǼнŮɣǱطڵϣ棬մȴȻԻһ㡣һţͷԼ㣬ٰܾۣ̤ˣȴ㣻߸Сˣ첽ǰҪҲ
һѾͷģˣڵϣһС㣬ȴҲַˡ
ԼǵųԳ
ҡͷֻԣ̾⾰²ײô򵥆Ѱ׵ģ״ģɵģѰģ
ϷҪ
ǳڵӳ֥ɫͦˣһֻۣȡƷֻóλܸߣͺᣬĿܿʱƻ裬ϦббһĨϼ⣬ϣ˾ƳЩ״ġɫ 
˻Ȼ
翪ţض࣬Щ£·ġ
Χӣж˸˼ңиñ£иƤң񾩵ŮɣǶײġ
ȻֱֻǷصСӸǰҲˣֻǴĿϡ
飬ڿˡ
ɲһǵ̫ǰĺˣҲ
Ṭүһйĳӣ巵Ĺ㳡ϣɹܣԲȣֿ˺ü죬ܲǼگǸСŮҲǸ˵⹬ʱʱͨ籨ţ̫Ӽʱʹһ
»ʼλǰִ࣬ȥȵ޵ɽʹȵᣬ๫س˵ʦµݣѯʵ̫ˡ
ǸСŮҲõ̫ʶսݽƵĴˡһദ̫ԽԽϲǣڽĴͻϣͰȥõᣬǷͶõԵ֣
ЩӣΪ·գִ֣ٳ̫󣬸ǶרȨҲ˸ΥһֱѰ˼ţʲô׷ӣ¸˲ǡᶨԼܲȢˣһϷûص飬ѾǵˡҲûҹ˵
˿̼ײڳ£ȴʹſڣǹҲ硣ŷ˵ӣնֻûһҲûӦҲûع
òĻ⵱ײĹˡ
˼ڴˣвãʵϵˣ
Լҽ˷
ڵϣۣϥۣۣˣƤϣΧ·˸ʽ۽ѥ棬ֳ࣬ҳǺǣˣϣָָ㣬˽棬ЦҲˡ
ֻҪܹڰ
ĳײˣԷһѣ˵ǰʱ䣬и޿ĹŮſˣԣսѾˡ
ʱ˵ģĲӹŮѾУҲ治ġʶӲͷƤ
ͷΣϥۡҪˣԡ
ֻҪܹڰнжԻն͵ԵǸĶ̴ѾҪˣؼʱ̣̫ΡңǸŵõˮʪڵʧ̬ʹ޵ĿɶҲѾԶɢ磬Ҳвˡ
ȻɾģⶫеĽ棬ҪӲ
ӽĻѵۣۣȴڵϵ֣ĥڵϵϥҪۡ
ǽĮ˵ǣ
ñСĶ˽ǣţ̽ȥյֵҽ
˵꣬˦ۣ׼ԭأϳˡ
۽ǻӶۿҪȥҲſסˣ͵֧ӣڵأŲӣǸӦͷҪҽĸСˣ˦һ䣺
ˣԼ
ţȽشӵ׷ǸѾϳܣľ֮ˣʣ
ͻգ̫ô˴κּܲʴ׼ʱӣ
еȡֵᣬе㲻̬ãȴеĻ̧һ޷ܾĴͷ
֮ͥ£أּ̫ܲҿּ
б֣˿ȴžճΧ۵ǣס˲ӣס˺ſǸɾҪηӦ
Ӷ˶٣תͷ棬һֵ͵ͳȴִΧ˵
ּ̫ܲҴδӡ
˳죬һǳȥû
ϵӻţ
һ˲˸ŵһĻǳһֻС֣ϣϴקģ˳ᡣ
Զ˺Цɢԭأַ֮࣬ɿػѰ˼
ӵĳиŮӣһֱû¶棬ȴԴ󵨵أֳ̽ӵ
ֲãϦϼУɾִͿ֬ɫԭŮ˵֬Ůǣڿϵĺۼ
ڿഫүǽԺãŮɫнУᳯ£͸Ů.ɫ˿
ֱеһŨŨвϮһŨŨĺϮ
ѾߣϽֱԼҵóԶӵĳ
ԶԶ׹ţУ֣ϱ߳ţֱϺ
񾩳⣬ȥԭɽϺ
ּ̫ܲҪȥεģϺ
ĺ֮ʵĲϦУ沨ԣ㣬طȷǸСЯֳεĺȥˮջٱ£ѣԾ㻳ˡ
ԼԶԶزһô棬һ˫㻭ͣĺͣפ³ѾһתһϸŮ³̤ϴľ塣
ŮƤ䣬ȸһԾȥȵľΡΡҡΣϸҲ͸ҡӼæӺ߰§ţֳһš
ԶϡЦǣȴüִε֮УҴ̶֮
ȥ괺գأҲĻľ壬ͷۻ㷲̤ȥȴһһͰŵˮЦ
յˡ
ԶĹ⾰ҧݡ
ǶṲ̊뻭ĵڣӹŮͷϵñƮˮУŮɱ֣ܵ̽Ҫȥ̣ȴһѽ̽ȥˡ
ڷ紵ñһ˲䣬елȻ
ǸŮɵòͬʱҲһܡ
ֲã




Ϧ, ϼ죬ӳúԡ
ϻ, ˿, Ʈ, Ůַ, ͽ, ҹ缴
ҹǹŷϯ䣬ͷڶĵӣ
ĶЩʲôˣ
Ҫؼ, ȴɷ˵, ֱϺϣΪ, ֪˻һʮŰϯ뱸յƲˣһ̶ˮŮӭ͡
ѡһߴк, һߵ͵͵ػ
ҵñˡҹֳ˶㣬ֱñˮ, öһĿʾˡ
ϯϻñģӷְֱЦ˵ֲ̧ʾ밲ο
ǻ᲻ϳҹŶĻ, Ű½ͣפӰأ𣬲̫ӵĵ
ӵôôü񾩳˵СС˵ҲȥЩˣʶġ
ģǳ֮ˣ˭㲻̫Ӽһţʳָؽڣչ˹ΣסļͷЦŨ˵˵ᣬ̫ܣǻҵĸԶ֧仧ء
ҹƤЦЦ˵ȤЩ¡
ⲻ֪Ⱥ˭δǣЩȤ֮ˡ
Щˣ½д֮ɤкģҾʺܵģгڳģԳһṫӣúܡҲôϯϣƺҲϰΪ
ٿЩ˵ͷҲҹʵ۽硣ӵ˵䲻ЩͷȴдҹҽԳģһḻ£ȫƽ͵ģлŽ⣬˫һţʮָͷʹʮָģףϿŴ󵶣߽󽫾ʵģ۽ڣɵģжڲ·ġ
̾ɫɫէһͦô¶һֶô¶
͸ε顣
һȺ͵ӳ£ӿˡǣתһ룬һȺ˺ѣӹʵ˵Ҳ
ҹĵҲǲϲǣӱɽ£صѤ̻
ϯҹ翪
ｻüҷɣߵŮɣΣڷѩüĿ续ں棬׷ʵ
ṫӿǵһδŮ츰磬ɸǽһ
ִֻյֻȦҹļͷЦ𣺡ҵӡ
ҹһɫһűŮ
˵һȺİѣ˵ϯϷԣǣǱ񾩳Ƕŵģֵ̫ҵó˲ţϯϵЩˣųɵʵĿ⾫̽ӵݣҲ£ǴղѰְˡ
СĵΪã鷳
ȴһϧ룬
!
˵ЦġҹڨЦţץϾףƣһŮӦе
ŶӣŮ
ǹˣǴˣСӣγƺ
ӣŮα
壬üŪۣƳ

ͷһյоƣűˣƫͷݴ⧲Ͱѿһڴƶ˹´࣬ҹ鼱֮£ֻýǿھƸ¸
˾ֽкãЦ
ҹʱһ죬бǺģҲб⵱ߵģб벻˸ŵġ
ôԸ𣿱ţĵ㣬սһݡҼüĶˡȴָõǾգٲͷߵ
ҹһݣԭ֮ģӶõٰ㻨ܿģչü
˼ǽͷӶ֪ԣֻ⣬ٴκЦ
ϯ䣬ΪýɫΪЩ˵˴ŵĵϷŸ֡
ǣӵһǣһ߻صĵЦԽ
ｻãĭɣ̸ۣٵȭ䣬㵸
ĩˣְʳϯͱΧ£Ϸ˻׻Χ£ҹİϯ˱յڵģӵģͷк߼װиӵģǼƣҪǮ
ҹõɴۣĿ⣬ӺȺԽŵı֮䣬תſ
үȻϺϾڶĲ
ãǣΪӲм
Ӽһȴ˿ΪȻֻһץһʾ
֮ߺţ˵ЩٳͬĵĵЦִߴС
ҹҲͲپ䣬¶һӨץһ֣ʼע
ѧЩоϷ졣ƾŶתҲͨһԣӮġ
ţСԣȻʹáѺ˼֣ѺˣǴ۽ġࡱׯңߺŽǰ͡
˸ֽУİģƵģã࣬ò»񡭡Խ˵ԽԶϴ䡣֮ӮǮƺġ
ôʢĹάţֱôѵոȾţͣƵǰţ˭ܿġ
ҹҲܿģüȾЦǴ磬ȥӡ
ֻϯϣű۰ӵţһ㣬ŬŬ죬
ǣּ
ʱ򣬾ͰȺӮ˫ֿտգʣͭǮ۵ö졣һ۵Сۣа뷭ģ״һզզİ㣬ȥˣϵָľ󵶣ϵƽϵĽΣͳͳѺ
ҹǰһӮĲȺǴضʹĿЩ
ǰЩˣִ֣ţʵîžǮʵ˵ﲻǮƵʧġ
еǹ⹧άһ㡣
֪ԼûдδαӮǸׯңȴҲкܺõĶļܹδΰҡһߡ
£ֿµĲ⣬Խˡ
ǮӮˣͻŻ棬ȴó
Ͷ˭ҲûһͶеĵ׼ͷȴ׼ȷͶ棬Ǹ׼أź
ع񹳣ûһα֣ȴ׼ȷزµһֻ֡
ǮһͭǮеȻڰϣ̯ƽ泯ϵöӶʤÿһΣ泯ߣǡǡٸһö
֮
Ȼ߸ƣҪǻ߰壬ֱţ赶Ƚ
ģǰӻٰ꣬Цᣬؽϲ
ֻĿģֻű۱ֲʱιȿڴƣ׵κģҡΡ
ҹЦ绨״
Ȼȴһš
̫ΪˣҲ̫ΪȺˡȺֲϸŮĵӣʹȡ̫Ϊˡ
ǰǸϲֵˣǣ£ȴϲˡûûҹͨϹ棬£ףһȺ˭֪İһ֣ȥһˡ
ȥһɽĸʣ˵̣Ͼ֮Ϊ
ȥһɰ³ĸףһŰ¿į̫ǲǻҹ˼ТŮ
ȥһǸε⵶̫ӣ컬ĳСӽһȺǺεζ
ȥһĹǲȥ¥գӲݴǸŮǷɣбݴ󽫾գѾͷǷ񰲺á
Ȼܡ
֣档 
ǰ⣬Σ
ЦУģȴܸж
뿴ģ㿪ĸա
̶ѾԻϷ֣ͨﵩ
ɢûѼǰףǣعǳɫֻģǸˡ
ڽ糯ǣֻӦîֵɡڳϴ˸ſڣҪתȥԸ
ԣȥߣҪȥҹķ
ǡһʣ˵õ.ǡҹ˯ɼ䣬û½ԣЦŵͷĿת
κؽ˸ţ峿٣ԷȥչӰڣеüĿūͽһתǹ⾰͵һ
ɲǼ䣬˯ȫޣⱲӵζˡ


ȫ

, ̫һװڵСҹ, , Ѿͷ, Ŷ
Ǹӡ
ҹֻʰͥ, ϷǷ, ӭݣַԸѾͷūȫ¡˵ԶԶģһл
Ҳûѿ
ֻʣϷ˺ҹˡһھ˾ϥһ, һ, ݴ
ݼ£ū, ʶݣ˹¡
еúǫҲ˵úܿҹȴҳһ顣, Ĺû̫Լ, ϷͻȻ֪ݣרϣأ
²ֻŸи, ˵Ǹ⻰ô򵥡
ǽµ壬ͷڸµĻ֮ҹҲǣҲǣǷ֣̫
̫ϴˡ
̧̫ͷһ˫ۣβƿأ˵ϣ
ϣȴ軨Ĺʺ䲡ްԸòȴѰ
һƣһԶ
֮⣬ҹҪѳԼѹʵİò֮ˣͼɻأǲܵˡ
ò˫ҹз࣬ϸЦģѿĿˡ
̫лֱ˵ɡ񣬶˶Ŀ⣬עվ̫
ȻôɴݣҲڶȻô棬ҲҪóԲǡ
Լ֪̫⣬ĻҲԤе˴šʲôݵĻõװǰãؾλǰ
ͷѡ
ȻϻˬֱǾˡֱԡ̫Ϳʼֱˣ
Ҷףڳϣɾ䣬լϣ̫Ƿǡ壬ĹʵΣ֮ʣ͸ڵ֮飬ѣͬ¹ǰɱĹЩ¼ĹĴҵİԺչԣȻ磬ȷġȴߣһ΢檣˹ǧ֮Ҳð˹ʵգТ֮ӣ֮壬Ǵң˲֮¡
˵ֱԣȴ˸䣬ֻ̧˵ӵĲǡʵػ˵ǣǸٻˣߣӵˡ
һƷģӦꡣ̫ⷬ룬ҹƣϡ
̫Ҳضǣްǡ
ҹӲͷƤ˳̫Ļŵȴ⣬Ŀڡû˰ˣ֮˵
ǸѾ̧裬ݣҹҲȥѰˡ
Ҳ֦ҶɻңҲǷ㹫ҪҲһ˵۾׾֮ˣƳ˹οЩ֮ˣ
ǳҪЮˡ
ҹ񾩸ǣǸ޳̫֪̫֮࣬ΪͻȻѣ˵ѾĸˣϳϷǰ˶߷ġ
£ϳԼӴ鷳һˣӦǴ룬ΪѡǧɽʱƾǨҹѾû֮ǰѴҲҪӵСŮˡ
ģѾڶҡҪӲͷƤأ԰֮ĳȫ
ҶأУ취ҲûУֻԸԸ⡣ʹɰլ㲻һˣʹɸ檣ŮΪĸ趨ʡһ򣿡
̫⣬ҹǴ𲻳
լһտԣһԣǣոһգ긴һ꣬һӣʣûںߣ붼ûģĸͬһˣţöġ
һԱ֮ĵġ
һͦһġҲ̫˵öԣ֦Ҷ㻯ɻңǷǷģ۾಻ɳӣϥ̲衣
ҹĬмѵطԽɽ
̫ȴԻȴ˪ƣ
飬ָҶȢΪޣȫ
ҹ׾ס촽࿣ָ΢
ҪԵģӲ˵£ͲڣҲнˡ
ڶײһ£;ϡֻ޷ġԲһȦƻȥˡ
ƻȥ괺գףʺҪүҵСŮ޸ֵܡֻǣһȥʺ̫Խ˵һˣгڵײˣȴ˲ˣ˲˲˹ûݶû˵ĵز˲͵ûˡ
ҹŭȴŭӰԭ˼ѣ˼ѡһĪ˸УŨŨϮͷѬ֪ԣչ¶Цա
ô΢Цţ̫תһ̴ľϻӣݹӣȹۣٴθ
һϻ鱦ƷùʳǡĴ£ġףԸְ󸣺
ϸ䣬Щʡ
ñ¡ͱˣȴԼĽֶΣȴҲĳֻɼѡ
ʼգ̫û˵һҪߵĻ鱦ϻ֣ҲûдǸԲ˼
ҹȴãʱ߿ȫĲˡ
̴ϻӣ̫ţԲΡǰҹֱץݺݵҳȥ
һչӽǮķǣһչвȵİ
ǣھ뿪һ˲䣬ĹʧˡһǮѵӢۺǿֳţգͻġ
ǣҹֽӹǸϻӣҲûȥǹؿϷˣĬĬƹݣǰͥӰڣ˹š
˽ףתͷǰҵĹ鹣Ŭۿᵹȥ
û˷ȴȫ𡣼ȻҪߣأ˼ҸϿɫġ
ڣǳɴӹ࣬û˿ʪ󣬾ˮˮ
ڣ棬ҹȴسǰˡһΣͬڴĹɽˮ·ֿտյߣΪǱһ鴦ȴҪӾĵط뿪Ųöģ
֮޴ȥ
úίֱںţɢֵȻ󣬰еļⶼӸȥԼֻѽػŰοڲ塣
ôһǱ뿪ġ
ȻΪӰŲ
ӰҲļ壬ˡͺԶҪһˣҺĸͬʱˮȾ˭ɵһдûһ˳ӣԶӲȨ飬밮ˣء
Щ飬ȫαܼ尾
Ҫˣ˵ѿԼ
ϸ꽥ܣ˽ϡҹҧҧľϻһͷããС
ǧȴҰѣҲȥġ
ɣͬһǣ˿ڿഫ๫ңңؿһӡ




ϸ, һ졣
ƻʱ֣ԲͣЪ, , ϸţë, ˿Ҫ¹ҹȥˡ 
о, ̫Ӵ, ̫²ڴ, 
ĺ֮, ʵܶӲ, ϸͣʵһζ鲻ĻǻὫϸǧ˿ͳ
̫˿̵ľֻĸо
հ, ЩϷ, ˵߿һˣǸ˵Ĺˣ̫о֪ᵽ̫, ϵϢʹ˵ĸѾȰ˵СŮӣ뿪ˡȻϵĸ׵ֶΣǲۼ
Ϊһ鲻顣ǸСŮǸɷǣӡ
ڶ˼΢ڴĺƻϸУС¯ˮݲ裬Ϊͬ
ǸһŵͷСĪȻĪ󽫾Ȼǽͳ졣
ݱˣִֵȴһҲûб䣬ÿ빬ֵһװ嵶ҪҲӣԼǾӿɱܣΪÿڴ£󳨵ţ졣ָ¸µɤţϺ˵һս£ɫ飬һֱ˵ֵൽ㣬ױߣųȥ
ڹѲ֮գˡ
ɱл裬ҶƬƬչ̶Ʈѩ̫ȶ֮Уٳ֮ʱ
ԳٻճȨôСŮӰ˼.ˣǶһͱ˵ľˣ
˼ͻõӦ𣬸Ͻ̧ͷӭΪˣһȴӡ
̫δӦѾֱֱس˽δӭѾǰһ
ģʵЩˡ
ʪ͸ü۶ڵˮһ۹ٷδʣֱ֪ӴùǴĸһģЮһɷŭڵϯϣվ 
ô꣬Ҳһɡˣ̫󵭵Ц˵֪һŭӺζȴֻͷðǸƣڳһȰתͷȥʹĸùã
̴˸׼¡
𱰣࣬ĳƺƹӣǲ׷ô֮ð֮
أͻȻס̴ֻм仰һ̫Ҿߡ
̴ǵסˣ̫౻ǵЩġ
ƽճ֮ˣһŭǱŭ֡
ӵƣŭɢЩ⣺ 
㣬Ҫݵľְ뾩Ϊ٣̫ӣģҺ޸ҹƾ٣ƷṬҪҴģİŮ˲ˣһ̲ͣ㣡ĪΧڵϦʱģҶȫѪΧϳΪľˣģ
һԼģײҸڶҹϣӦңʱѰȫ֮ߣȴͷȻʸǰͷ磬ȥĹף֪ȢףȴҪ̧ʺ̫Ĵӣ̧ͻͷѹңҪһǿңҾľά棬ӵ棬ά棬ǣУʲô
˵ĴЩǻ˻δ̫𻰣ѾԼ
Ҳʲô㣬ֻһܹʵȨƵĵ߶ѣ밮ӵС
̫ĿĬˣµĳָߵɱأ򴽣Ŀ˼⣬ʲôû룬ֻǵ侲
һƵˣʹʧ̬ҲʱġͶʯ̶깦򣬾ͻָ޲
̴йĵ˸Ĳӣӣ
ӣһˮ
ݸ̨׸ӣ̫ݺһͨ˼һԲҲüþˡ
ӽӹӣҳĨһѣȴûǵݹ̨סǲӸӻȥˮ棬㣬ȴɺڳüβһ̫ŭԽ֡
ĸ׸ߵģðһҪ
ҵˣΣҲΣ ̫̾
ҵˣԺܸκ飬ҲͻȻԳȴָ
ûҲ⣡
֮⣬ҲĿԡ
뺣ң̫һЦʡ
⣬Īɡһˮſڹ˽ͨȴһ̵ߣüĿľżƵģӶҲ·⶯δţԼߺͣڶ
ּľˣ»ãĪĪͳ죬нվţȫǽϣҰȥң
Īպþһ䣬ӵỵ̂缱꣬ͷ
ĪĪ۸Ĳͷһһ̽ͷ͸ײ˸ţǻʪȴðаҹӣ๫͵ָ̧תͷ̫ͺ
Ҿһ飬ھͻң
ĪŪֵ̫ܾڳʲôҪ㳲ȥʲôʱûƢˡ
ûа취Ƿ˼һʶǹЩ·ŭҲûˣȻð갾ҹţ˼ȥˣҲӦõġ
ǣ̲飬ϸֵĻ̻̣ɹ
ֶ泤·ɫĽүǣҪһʮͷŮɣôߣôݣ۾ôƤôף仹еİ̡
ʵҪҵˣʲôҲ˵壬ͳҲûϸ˵ûл񾩳ʮͷ绨Ůɶǣڣϸ̵ģëǡ
ǣЩоåһ㣬Ůɣһסǣ䣬Щֻϸ͸顣
ֵһҹ֮䣬ȫǽ֪иŮɣˡ
ˣھδ֮࣬ҡͷ̾ϢŮɣҲ֪ʲô¶óôүǣ޵
ȻΡΡ۶֮ҪظˣǺ׵ġһҹѰ޹
ˣҪվ𣿡ĪźȦͬȦӡ
ջٽճţǾҪˡ˹͢б䣬֣񾩳Ǵڰŵġ
޷ŰɡӴ˿̣Ѿ侲
ƶҹ񾩵ģ·ңҪˣô׾뿪ֻǣԸѡ
𣿡Īʡ
ңʽѡǶӾ¶ЦգԼͻȻֵ⣬⣺
֪񾩸º飬˵ҵ檣͵һϻ䱦ǱˡȥϷˣϻ鱦¼ôҹѲǸͰҹȥңڴڼ䣬񾩸ֱҵΪֹ
үôָʹķԸͳţҶʹ
ĪǷģӲٰţʹһʹҪıӵ뵱̫ľԵ͵öֺֻСӡ
ү鱦檣ҪҹѲ飬̶񾩸ȫͨĹ¼ܿͻᴫС
ЦϧƣԦڣŮɫƭģְȨרеģʲôС
ȻԹٵҲãǽҲգ񾩵ķЦҲˡ
˶ˣЩʲã
ֻͨǷ꣬ҹ֪
Ҫ棬Ͷ·Լ




ʱ䵹ͷһ, ֮ǸȫѲҽϣҹġ
֮˵, Ϊ֮ǰһ, ʱ, ԱɹҩĻؾ;Ů, ˵ȥѰ, ֿտգ޷ĵĺģ, ̶һ, һ·
ʱ֪Ҳ֪, ȴĵøͶŮӣ̸ȣС˼ҵĽؽʶжҲδܼ֮ø, ɸһ񾩣δö׷, ŮӾ˽֮ʣ𣬴ӴûӰ
֮Ϊϧ˺óһӡѵõŮɣȴ縡Ƽɢ, ӴԵź
ڶΪΪֲźⰲŵġ
ʱЪҩ⣬׼ؼĸ׺ۣͬæµδദʱ䡣
ѾʻڵſͣףֻϳŽֿһɧɶӵ½ϸзӵڽɢŵһѲ顣
֮˳ץסһͷ󴳣ײļͷʣ˺£
׳شүأһʮͷŮɡ˵꣬ͷܶȥ
֮ǸӰЦȻŮɣһֵĴүǣʲô㣿ʲôţ
̶ϳ׼ϵķҡ
˳ᣬʱĺɫ͵ؿԼҵĳذϣһʪǱŮɡ
֮һҲʻͣ·Ƭ̹Ůģ
̶һϲⲻط
һͷϣѰģһʮͷŮ
㡭ǻľңȴֶв֮
Ůɻʪ͸ȹˮ̺ʪһƬʪŶǣﱧŸ̴ϻӣϳЦԲѵ˵
֡ԭ㣬ãЩңҽطһ㣬𣿡
֮һӽ׷ҵˣضǸ鷳ǣŮɻǱȴЦĿǾ䡰ԡں˰죬ûڡ
Ҫһе۵ģ㿴ɣҡ
ŮɾǸ鷳Ȼʪ͸䣬¶󣬵ݵƤ£
֮⿴óۡٱ׷ֲʲôʵ飬ڶã֪һͬлؾʱôûзôɵһ档
̾ѣŲѼϵĽѾѲˡ
֮ģµĿռء
ŮƴողغΣбûڣ͵
ѲҪϡ
ʵ񾩵£ͨǺܽģҪЩﲻˣСĸˣ鷳磬ŸܻôˣҲǸ
֮ڳ½󣬴ȡһƣ𳵴˳ȥ
ھһˣүҪ𣿡
룬ǵƣáΪǽڶŸڵĿլǿݾģʱ̫ӵĵӣʮʳ̫ӳӣ˶żɳ빬߾ؿĽơ
ȻǽӹƣԼһ˳ųĳɨӼۣ˫ǽƣɤţ㲻ǣ
ԭǶŴˣðˣ롣
ҡҡλγ棬СʱԶȺѼ졣
ҹӳôڵ̺ϣͷϿˣһߴһ˵ǿĵӣ
ʵûȥģֻһգĵطѰţʵ۵ûţͣ·ߣһΣ꣬룬ЪһЪҲǺõġҵңȥǣۡ
֮ۡĻϿŮɣң΢Ц˵ɣǣȴᡣʲô飬һգĵطѰ
ҹ˻ͷ죬˶٣룬ǾԼ˼˵
Ҽǵã˵סǷҾȥ
ϴͬлؾ֪֮⣬ǰǸŷ˵Ĵˡʵˣڱտڰѿ֥ݵĸ׺ͽùߣҪ벻֪Ҳѡ֮ⲻ֪˭ѡ
ʶѻ˵õˮ©
ΪʲôͲµ½ȥ𣿡֮ϸ룬ʵ˵Ҫ³Īʧ䡣
ǲѲġҹЦЦ˵ƶ
ΪסĶЩˣйˣ඼ʶӶΪֻЩоּ˭Ҳʶĵطأȴ벻㡣
ȴ뵽һõĲ֮յĹ˵լ
֮⿴Цӯӯ⣬˵гԽ棬ͻȻĿһݣֱֱʵ
˭
һξͱܹȥһΣһҪʸøƼԵϵΡ
ҹɫһ˵
ҡһֺŪ㣬ұ಻˭ǣִ𲻳Լ˭Ǻݣûˡ
ܵиƺɣ֮ĵȴû׷ʡ˵ŮӣֻôԶ·Ǳ׷һѹܣ˵
ǣոǷҪʸִţŨŨϮͷУ嵭ˡ
˴ͬ˳Ĭƣʻ
ҸڵĿլס𣿡 ҹͻȻһ˳һ¡
ûС֮Ǳˡ
ӵ÷ɿ죬֮ȴһһ⡣ô֪Ҹڣլ
ȴ˵ƣҿҪΡ
ŶҹӦһͷ˼졣
ڶ֮ΪҲһʣû֮ʱŮȴֱǸ̴ϻӣ򿪸ӣݹ
㿴ϻ鱦լӣ𣿡
Ӧáɡ֮飬г˳ϻ֮ĳɫ˵˾ʵ
լӡң޼ҿɹ飬ʵиסҹڨЦͻأҪ˳ƾ
֮⿴ֺЦжȻһٸڴ뷨ҪլԺǲԺסˣǣаһ㣬Լشһ
ã
Ȼ󣬾Ȼӹ̴ľϻӣҲȥϸͷĶһϻǣɽˡ
ֻһϻƾ˵ıֱжϣ֪ʽףȷ׬ˡ
ǣŮȴԵñˣһЦ
Ҳ˵ҵ¾Ϳסȥˣ
ţ֮صصͷһǧһЦĹοȻһǧĽǽűƺʶǮƷŮɡ
ϲƮƮȻ֪ԣԸֱʻլſڣţȥ
Ůʰ׶ϣ粽ţ۽ţ˼˲䣬ͻȻһתЦ˵ 
ҸղŰȫǮƶլˣ޷ģܲܣٽһ㡭ף
ǼЦ⣬һʪܽػϣڲסһĪˣзǵִһֲ˼˵Ǹ⣻üĶҪ֮ЩСŮɣݸ 
һ죬Ƕˡ
֮⣬ؿǻλƳϿƣŮɣøɴࣺ
ã
룬ȥˬ·ٺúóԶٷߣֱ͸ʳкһ·ã飬ܾ
ǣ˵ףˡ
˹ڶŸȡһűŮɡ
ֻһףֻԼ١Ӧԣö֮˸СۣһβܽˣȻö
Ůɽӹľӣȴ¶ϲɫ㣬ϵлתͷҪլȥ
ۼ׵ʹӰ֮һֻתεǰһ
ӦΡʳɲָһ£ 
ڨЦ˵˵ķ
֮ͻȻЦˣ̧ţ֧סͻЦ⣬ͷһ۱ҹ⻹Ѳȴ⣬ͷ
ϡı
Ц
ҪҪٽջ󷹵˸㣿
Ҳκ˿˵ҲԼһԡ
ŮͻȻţҡͷ˵
κˡȴΣ㣬ö֮һȣ˳ϵ̧֣ȽţһкŮɸϣ
ɡ
Ůԭأһʱδ⡣
ҰԼ㣬˰ɣ
֮ȥһ߷Ȥһ˳ֹǵѰ߲լţڿլ֮С




֮ⰵҡҺ, լԺʱûձ¡
һмҾ߳, һƷȫ, һл޼, ʹ˶ڹɨš
Ϊڼ, ĸ׵ϲö, ãݵĸΣϲ뿼, ԺȢ, Ͱסĸ׸ڶ, Ȳ̷ӦԶĸ׆֮ӣЩϱףҲġ
˵ǰһ, ְˡңһ˼ϵҡ
Լ, Լ˳ɨԼʱӭ͡ɲڤڤ֮⣿ͺרŵҹסһ㡣
ǣżҴӾڷ״̬£, ȭ䣬һ̴򣬿ʼæ
δʹõĳԴɨˡˮ࣬˵δҲ裬΢Ӧˮ
ż΢ĩǼгӣǵʱʱɽҩµظ֣ɨլԺݸߣջ󷹣ġ¸Ҳʶ׹֮˵Ӫ㣬Ǯ·ԽҲûнżҵҩͼҽݵ¡ĸףӯͶЩ¥˹ݣʵͬ
Уĸһü޸ңҲǺͬġ޸֪ϧ˵ɽǣѰһͶҺƶӡ˭֪ãǸ»ģȻѰ˸֮ɣ£ˣǻʹլԺֺ޸ƽ˼ңܹÿģӵأزȨĽ
ţҸᣬѣǱٯٯǵ֪ǰ·ѡ
֮ˮ̣ˮ˼ŷɣסع
Ȼ񣬼һϴŮɣȻʧЦڲ࣬ޱȵķɣݡп££˼ϸϸ
νİļʵڵĺ쳾֮У֮֮ζ
ѲǯһյڣʱˮˣȴһͰȥתŮɣȥϴˮ裬˳Ҳһʪ·濾
ĥĥϴ裬·ҲˡģھſڵСϡ
ĥĥش·Ҳˡ࣬ʢڴѾ˸¸ĺ¸С
ĥĥغ࣬ѾȥѷʰˡֱǼݵ޷죬ʣ͸ӷﱧõͷ챡񻨵Ĵϣٰȥ
żҵĴӣԼҸڵլԺΪһ֪ŮɣһҹĿ̻ңǺ᷿űߣЦݣкǸѾκļˣݾޡ
Ƥܣһ۵ģʵҪ˯һˡ֮ĵ
ҹվſڣǼϤӣɣľϢѬǱԭһ
ýˮɽǰĵϯǰϲĵطֱ߽޸󣬹˵ˮպͰģһ㣬ϣ磬ǵˮ죻źľСɸڴ£ٷ£ǵϵ̵ͻС¹ÿϲָȥ
ˣ˼ˣҹͻȻбȪӿҲվסֱֱ׹ڵϣͷʹ
ȥ뿪ĺһʱ⣬϶ۣ뿪ʱ緢׳ģ˵Ҫδ룬һķʽع鸮ۡ
һǿڴݿ࣬һأ߳һ̾ƶί㣬Ϊᡣ
֮ǰ޴롣
ڼʶˣԭŮȻܹô͡
֣ȥ־úЩð˵䰲ο֮ȴΪʲô޵ԭ򶼲֪ѰһŽӣݹȥŮȴ޵úûӡ
֮Ͷڱϣɵ㶵ţֱˣЪ
֪жãֻԼ׵飬Ůɣɢ˵ϡ
ʱ꽥ͣĨƣһ£ɷˬ֮һƣʱһ㣬˿
ˣһһűߵ˵
Բ𣡡ŮһʰᣬһͻȻǸ
ûϵ֮ⲻԲʲôȴҲϽ˳ڻ
֪Ҳ鷳㡣ǣʵ̫ˡŮڨڨͣԲλࡣ
鷳
֮ϽҡͷŮɷǸ⣬е㲻˼ˡһҲûΪ鷳෴ҹĽط꣬լɣ̫龳Ȼһˮ˷˴ѡ
ĺܡлл㣬ǣҲ֪л㡣Ůƽ˵Ҳ϶˵֮ҪǣҼ˵ģûа취㡣
ԭ͸˵Ҳֱס
ҹլƾһ׷ǹʵİӰǰϣԴġȰѻ˵Ф·νǱĴ
áֵ֮ˣɫ̣ͺǰܺæµҹǾĲһϽƲ壬͵Ѱɣ
ʵŮɵĻлǴһȻԭ˵ѽҲǣŮɣͣôûм޹ˣ
ġأΪʲô㣿֮ĬĬ˳˵磬̲ס׷ʡ
޿ɷϣ˿ģķˣΪʲôķӰɲ 
ң
ŮǲĲ²׷ˣ͵ҡͷϣſ۾תۿҪ
ˣˣҲˣޣϢٹ㡣
֮æһֹ߰סᣬһҲƵģլȥ
ޡһޣ;Լȹʴӡ
صڼУĸ˯£û׷ؼҳԷĹ
һҹԾãҹļ̫ʵֱϹȥһŮǷڣסˡ
ҪϽϴΣȥҩ̣񾩸ǣͨ棬˵ү檵һϻ䱦Ǳڰ˵ӷǸʮͷŮɣթˣڲ䣬ϻе̺ۣҹճһҹδߣ񾩸ṩ͡
֮ҹŮɣһİ̺ۣϻӵݸլ֮ʵ鱦
ߣȻ֣ȷǼһ
бӿͻȴǵ£뼱ƲϵҪ񾩸ȥ͡Ǿãһ͢طԼѲˣ˷ܣĿУյܡ
ʲôУ
ǣյҩ⣬ҲˣмĴҪģҲˣСǹǰԺ԰һͨ԰һҵŮɡ
ȻҪ
һԱ֮ˣֻͨ죬ҹѲ㣬ʹ񾩸ãͨء
Ůӻµǧϣ۽ޣĿɢĻɫ糣ӦͻȻһŻָϽ̧죬ѹסһʹͣ
ҽһֱ¡
֮˼лͣĺϣһʱδܸͻȴʵ
㣬ҩ⣬ͨҽö˶˵ģͻȻ£ǲࣿ
лҪ˵Сڿƪõ䣬óһ㣬ǷΪһܸɣůѩ̥̿ڻҡ



ĺʱ, ͻȻһ, ࡣ
ǧ, һϡ
һЯǱӶְȨȫѲ, ѾֵǷꡣʷ̨ĵѩƬİˮ
û뵽, ⻹ֻһʼ, 滹иġ
û죬ִ㿷֮޵ذԡ㿷֮ޣͺ׹ȥĹ֮ʱ, ֳȢûϴС㡣˹, йġǸС涼ûм˵үͻȻһֽ, ˼Ҹˡ
Ȼǿּܻ顣̫ﻹ̫еСŮҪŮԼֵܡͻĽʥֱּ͵ˣò֪ǵ棬ʼϲ£Ե, ʾ
ʱ, ʥּݵߣڴ๫ּֽߵͷлԲ֮ʱ, ֪˼Ҳеָ֣ͷûһ£Ƭ̣ͻȻͷһ䣬ˣǸּйϣζǧδ֮״ع̫һѱһؿˣ̫Ҳھֱš
ȻĽ㣬˻ȥصǱһڼúͶϰƵǣͬݺὮ޵еĽһ¹򣬰񾩳ǼˣҲûѰˣŰ񾩵ŮһţүԾһ䣬¶һԼס޹ֱԵ񲶺ͽǣǷͰ
ʱүַˣ㲼飬ĴɢţҲͲˣĴհǰ˺ѶϣǸûûݣͳٳûи֣Ļ䣬ǶԼȢޣұ֤ⱲֻȢһ
ӴģƵİԣе˴˲ŷ֣ʲôԱ󰸣ԭǼ.ծ
оת죬Ƿ֣ԭˣ˰ĸĺԭǸ֡Ůǣ׷ͳ˿ӣж֮࣬δ͵͵Ф룬๫˵°˵㣬͸๫ǲġֶᣬǶǶϲ֮˺ᣬǱˣǻǲǸǱӵ檣۰
ţʷ̨Թ٣ͻȻˡôãѾˣˡ֮ǰ檵һǷԭʢ࣬Ȼ˽һ㣬ó󣡺ãڴëˣֵ̫ܰǵ粻֮εˣǶĳɾͣʶî㾢˼Ѫʮ⣬ľ
רӵĹһԹɵˡ˽·䲻ܳǰˣҲټ˵Ϲˡϣʲôǵ˶ղû๫ڳϣոǸٳ̫󶥸ܣ˭ҲҵӣãᱻǸרе̫.øҡ
ǣ뷻ԵͣЪүķԣ͵绨ѩ£ҿɡ
ӵ󣬵һĨɫ
ӭϣҲ߯Ȥζ
ʢģʱ˵Ůʽ˼֣¶һСɫһĿȻʡüŹү̲ʱýǷ䣬졣
תۼ䣬һַϼױǷϣǻǸպ¶Ѫۺ绨꣬ҶؿߣŪѪɫ״Ůǣ˶һԾδĹӡ
ͳĪڽֿڣֵİϼ裬ϼҷɣεͷۻ
ºˣۿȥֶӷϲǸ檣ϸһ˶ˡ
ǸԽԵӣ˵񾩸ļͨ棬ȴûͣ˵ԩ·һͳ죬ѾҹץסҶʹһˣҲգؼǣæڳˣûʱȥȥ̫찡
Īࡣ
ǣпп࣬ծҪġ
Īҡҡͷֱ̾Ƕȥ
үԽˡŶ˳ˣ˵̫ۣҪȵЩĳǱ佫ҪݣôǷţĪĵͳγȥһȦ˳Ϊ첻ˣĻɢʶ𵶣˦ȣ磬
ôˣӰûϻ鱦Ҳûһϳֹ᲻˸Ͳ񾩣ĪߵָýαڣŽ˵ת˼·ָ
񾩡ˣǾ仰ȴ˲ɡ
ҲԽִˡĪ⽾湫ӵĸ̣ټһ
᲻ᡭҲˣĪ˸̼ӵĴǡҲȥ룬޵ѲôԵ˵񾩵Ҹˣֻϣ˵Ҳˡ
ᣬҹμˡ࣬ǰ볨ӣ϶ػش
϶ģúûͷμˣͻ𣿾Ͳ˲ϲء
Īŷ棬֯մΪʵǲ֪νӻ
Խˡִӵĸ̣ټһ
ȻĪ󽫾һ˵ˡ
ӵĽǶԶԶģͷȺӵĸͽηǣҲԶԶģڽֽǵӰ⽻Ӵ˰ΣϢˣտĹ򣬱ˣһ񾩵ͼĿϸǻǺߺķΡ
ʣĪ󽫾һˣڽӱϣٲ˵ʲôɵ
ĪΣֻǿ⣬ʵ
μģһڣͻȻһϣĹ⣬˵ء
ϡȻͼ˳ڴ
ǣμĪְ±һΡΪû˼ҲϣԼûаѻ׼ȷ
Ҷ˵ˣϡǿͼˣ治ɫԲѣб⣬Ʋһۡ˼ǺܲмǴ齼˭˭µľΡ
ĪǺססûȤ
ʱͿСɧһͿȴ֪ˣΪν˵!
񾩳Ķҹˣȴˡ
㿴ͼϻĴطûб죿Īָָеͼҧ˼Ļĥ󹤵
ÿҹһ飬Ǵַһκ㡣һһңһһص㣬ͼͿһŴϲˡÿַÿլÿҵ̣סģӵģͶ׵ģŵģ˸Ŷ塣
Ȼ۶Ѱ޴ˡ
ҹûͻȻʡ
ûУĪòϡ
ֲǲ֪ҵ˭հľɴǵطÿһңʶصסˣصסһ죬Ҳزסôã
յİ˭ȥ˵žĿ֪ƣ룬ǲ͡
Īһʱ𲻳ֲ񾩸֪լ̿ĵ֧У񾩸һ飬ҪǸլӵԼúȺȲ裬һʣ
ˣֱȥȥӺͼϷԸ
ˣ...Ŵ齣񻨣ܽʣ˵ôôϤԭհ˵޷
ĪϽкǶӽϣȥ
һ·УĪͳЩİ̫żΪ˵չֵܣҪΪʸ֮ˡ
ûѲ飬֪լˣʹһӽֱӳ˼ҼȥˣҪݱô˽լ
Ǭ֮£ҲûȨްɣ
лҪ˵Ժȡÿʮܹһ
߾ֻޣæңܱ֤ûʱҺ

С

ƻʱ, бѻӰóġ
, ԰ǿ, ʾ, ӹ֦ͷ
ҹԱߵǧϣͷ˵Ĺ, ɫ, ζֱ̿ˮ̲סһ֦, ժһ, ĦȥƤëһ, ȴסˣûԣֻ档
֮ӹл̥֮ЧСΪס
ϲ, Ƕ֮ġΪֻǸҩˣȴ, ͨЩҽ˵ҲҽȨ֮ˡ
ʱ, в£񣬵Ѿ׵ͷ£̥ཥԣǺϲµ֢״Ҳˡ
⼸գܾøпտգʲôԣĹӡ
ʵ֮ϸģÿնЩˬʳĹרѰһɿͣרҹھһʱıŤǸ֮ڻ̹Ȼĺ⡣
ΪǸ֮ǰҲҪģŸ֮ǿҵĺϲ֢״СİѳΣѹպĴΣѱյʣ޼ѴˮͰ˵ϣѳ˼飬ˮһء
ʱӾ´ˮһͰˮӾͻȻ֮ⶣģ֮˲ϽֻֽʢˮľͰ£Ͱˮˮӳ⣬λεģüۣټլԺһˣ͵ع֮УһʱȻ㻬ھߵЪ
ɸ϶֮ǼľͰһˮǳɵ飬Ϊˤˡûпޣȴ˼ۿӶˣչ
죬ûб򷭵ľͰţȴ֮ķӦˡãҪǷôһ飬ⱲӶ
ǣĺҪٴ飬ҲֻǷˡ
̬ĨӣⱲӻֻϵ±ӵƤ¹طſֵǸѾͷһӻ֮ʲôͳʲôҪעʲôҲҽóԺúȣɹ̥
ʱƻ裬ĺɫ磬ãѾͷڳæʳδá˫ˣĴҹ;øеĲ棬ѾڴǿӹƳȳȵģùˣڴĦ
֮ǻתǴͼŻǧ͵ӵŮɣϽˡһߺȣָһ·
ûгԣءҹǿӣչʾһЦ˵
֮˻ȣµ԰Ҵҽʯһ飬߹ǧܣһǽʵ̶ȣʹǾøЩ
ȥǱʯԺҲҪǧˣСˤš
֪ŮɣΪʲôǧжӡÿǧϻơˣ޸µźľСÿҪǰСԵĵϯϳ԰ǧϳ
ţðɡ
ҹ˳ӵӦţվ̧һǸǽвԣͦػʯϣƽȵʯϡʵ¶࣬һصĿȹ֮ݣ֪ģʲô
֮ȴΪ⣬Żصʯԣֻڸǵӣǰ
ζϲѣ
ѣںĴɫ֮УϴøɸɾģӨ˪ɫժһ֣б⣬ƢҹȻϲ
һ߿ԣһߺ
ģ
ѣűʣӱޣշתǧֻ͵ĹƷϣŽԪ򲻵ġ
ﾭЩϡ¸
֮˵ƽʵüۼЩɫһϲΪӵС磬մЩƽ˼ҲɼĺôȻǲģҪǣܰЩôֺԼϲˣԵÿģǻϲԼϲһˣǺ޲Ϊժ£׽ɡ
ҹ˵ͷԣȴûдüɫĨ̣ѳԵˬĹάҲӦмģ˳г
ԺԽˣӵĴ˸磬ǿǹүҪġ
һڣͻȻ˼ǱҲǸү˼һϮġ֮ߣլ֮ۡǼ仰Ͱҳˡ
л㱣Ʊգſľ̵ζҲˡ
ǵȸ󣬶˼˵δǸ֮̾Ϣһ֣ɫ˲䰵Ͻ
ôˣ
ѣһʸˡ֮ˣУҹԽǿӻȥ˦һ˦ָ֭ˮײˡ
־ֱЩʹֱɴ䣬ĥֱѩ
ҿ֮״죬ֿһסֱۣҪ鿴
ദգǸСㆪ¶ϤչˣҲͲôЩŮḯСˡ
ҹܵسֶǱס⣬¶Сϼɰĺ
Ҳûʲô˯ʱûʣó涣ҧġЩǽ֮߱üĿΧˣǲ˼Ͻ͵
Ƥϸۣóһͺ׳һƬ
Ǳ߻бɲݣ¸ֲһŵ޷ȥó档֮˼⣬̧ͷ˸õ⣬һ˵ţһ߾ǻȥִ԰꣬ȵȡ
հǸϻǸȤˣ԰ֹ˸ԣְٲݡҲǼո߳վûаʲǳ˽լ԰֣ױũСԺζ
ֻ֮⴩ӣǱߵĻȥڵϼѰתۼַȻˡ
ҹΪȥڲݣȴδֻժһѱҶ֡صʯߣҶֱۣ֭Ϳһϡ
ʱֹǺɫߺҲһȦСͼӰĹЧ
ҹþȣͨҩʶٲݵıֱۣ֭ͿĨ
Ϧƫ׹೤Ĺߣ˿˿ƴ϶뻨֦ڵͶ°߲Ӱס԰еʯͷʣŮȻӰУƬʱͣפľס
ɴ̼Ҳɶãʳ֮һߴҶһ߲
ţ֪ˡ
šǸǰļôƺģ˵СҲóƺв
֮һлᣬͻƶ⡣ǰƻ֮˾⣬˳ķ
ūǶҰūҹʵ
ū֮ŻһȻʧЦ
һôֵĲۼСȴôõĹĸѼʱߣӦϹˣСȻСƽЩʧǾãϸˮĻ妣ʱգǲǣܶЩģ
ʮšҹЦЦֶ˵Щ
ʮôչûգΪʲôû˵ġ֮һ߰ѱֱ֭ͿĨһ̧ؿһۣʾϧ
ҹȴȻųޣ涢ֱϺߵֹһ߼̾棬һ߲ش𵽣
ʲôأؿȥѰһرÿ춼ͦõġ
͵һ֮أƽƽ˳˳һŸΨһϵͦõġ
үѸˣΪʲôȥ֮ͻȻ
ÿʵظΡӣ񾩳ֵ÷зģ˵ҪȢޣǱȫǸˡŮֻЦһ޶ԵӣҲûһҪҵ˼
һأ£ԹԣЦ˵
ҩȱ㿴вУþϸģʹĻӦû԰ɣ˺ȥƣĹǮɲ
ǡ˰ɡ̧֮ŮɵʹüۣüԶɽ̺̳ᣬӳĿ⡣Դɣüȴй¶ĿķԲԡ
Ȼ󣬶֮ߣԽļͷ󣬴ȣתǴתһ±ʿ
ţڶ

ĸ

һ±ʿľȼΣڽĺɫӰУͳģէߵϵĹģ
󣬴ӻתǴǸˣһ۹ٷֱ·磬紺׿Խˣ֮ȴã˴תתǣü԰οʼڳ۵ӡ 
ʵûмӣһۣ֪ˣӡ
ֱϵı֭ʵҲͿòˣɶ֮Ȿܵأ׽סе󲻷ţղŵ໰⣺
ҩӸҵˡ˼γ£Ц
ܣô𣿡
ŮɽЦɵͷֱϺߣƺʲô񣬲֪󶯾
ǶӽѾжſض԰гΧ֮ƣѾӳڣʯվ
֮ͻȻһֳ嶯ǷԷθִ磬мۺĵ⡪Ȼӿ񱥺⣬ôҲ⣬ݵ⻹ȥ
ǣסֻͷȥŮɵϥͫɫѰʹĿ⣬ǸողʳСֻᣬ˵
ūǲȥסҲȥҿչһӣĺҲ԰ԼһϤĸ̵ɲš
֪Сǲ֪ݣȴ֪ޱȡѰǰԺ޾ɫؿԵģүߵһô򵥡
ǣ˭Ҳװ˭֮Ȼģȥ׷
˶͸ϤĺǻСİţ࣬ˡ˿վǸˣЩһȴԸһԵġ
֮С㶮ãϧԵҪ
Ůɱͻһϯ˫Ŀ˫˵ЩʾǸĻ
˵ġ֮ǿֹס𴽣ȻЦɿ֣վŸΣ
ˣķˡ


ؼ

ҹ͵ػͷ, ΣǼ, ֥һӡ
һɫ޲, ǹ, ؿ
ξֶȻΡ
ס_Ŀⴽ, ̧, һֻż˶ʧС¹
֮ȴͦذף£ȳ๫һҾ, Ȼ󲻱˵, Ǵ߼ȥ
ͷվһӵĽԼЩɫ, 䳡⾰֪үˣ춼޲ظ·ôʹַ䳤, ſֺᲽͦ, Ҫ߹͵·
ƫƫû˵Ҫ£ĪҲںͷתǴһ²ɼ߸߹Ĺ, ſ֡
ǾͲ԰˴ˡȻղųլ֮ʱǾŽ˵ģټլԺѰһȦڿ԰һһŮʱҲʵСС˷һ¡
үϧ𣬽ǺΡ
֮һ·šһ·ȥ˭ҪʲôҲʣ˭ʲôҲ˵һĻ˵СҲ㣬Ҳҡ֮⡣
ڽͲ鲻ԸŲΣóôһ϶ȴֻ۰Ͱ͵ؿǸüĿ꣬һ·ȣֱﳤȥ
ʣŮʯϣŸӰǣûһ¡
үصŮءǣͷʼ๫ˣΧ԰Ůɡ
๫ǲΪ๫£߲嵶ʹá
֪һ˲ȴǱ԰ӡ
ĪһߺȣһȺ۾ģʲôԣ
ǲԭǲ˵ġ
Ͻ˳Żȣģһ̶ڳȥүһˣڿյ԰ǸŮɡ
ɲܹܵѲ£ôãû˿Ǳࡣ
Ϧбĺɫ£վȿڹӰӴִˣ԰ʯϵŮɣҲôġ
òһͷڷһС͸죬һɫɴȹྻˬ֮ǰôһ˿˿
ԭճܹú󣬻ֵߵߵΧ飡
ͷа𣬾ž
ʾ֭ҹǷȥμ.Ŷĸܿѣˮȣȥȡ
һƸΣ龫ǵأֵǷ꣬ǽ塣ãû¶һݵضպլΣղǸӵĿʶһ飡
ߣ˿̱˸Уȴ֪ȲӭҲͣôƽȵʯߣһŲƿǿЦЦúܡ
ͷĻ𣬾յͻڣƫƫִһ˿ϲظҵˡǣаͱֱѵˣɳڵĻЩģϧ
˹ûУ˹˾͸һؼҡ
˵꣬ͷߡ
뵱ȻΪƤ֮ˣŰףʵģ˶
֪Ѿת˽ż⣬䣬˦۽ˣʯԵŮû
ӻͷһԾֱ½ףһסС
ҹ⧲˼˻ȣʹ
Ӽ׹ںϵɴת׽أУֻûһڿտˡ
ҹᣬҲǼֲ־ЮһűۣϽȥסȻ˵ʲôҲˡ
Ӹžʹ˹̧Ȧסȥϵֱ֣ϳ
ﶼȥҵļң
ҹˣһˣøҲȥ
иŤһԽԽöԷռϷ硣
Ӿã˴ȥôʲôԵģͷĪΪ׵˵ȣ˵üŵأſү˵һء
ҹãúúõģƾʲôһһߺȣСؼҳԷһ㣬͵ùԹԸȥ
УĦഥϢ׾ͱĥ󣬻ǿЩʱյ.ռϷ硣
ӿϵСԼƤ£ѩëɴɴ壬ۼػţͻȻЪҪ⣬ǸЩѶȵƣƫͷݴֱӽںߺŲ֮Сһס

ɲǼ䣬ضװˡ
죬ͷͺðˡǽǴӺѹƣѹãߵסףݺݵسһأŽת§ȦԼ֮䣬ֵشţϸһء
ԼٴаⶼǸõй֮
ߵ㴽ԽԽߵԽԽе֫ҲԽԽȥҪˮˡӵ飬Ҳ͸ź˵ĴҲˣܹǿȷԸղŵ⣺
ղǸˣ˭ ôĶʡٵҲڲסǹ
ղĪаͷ
֮⣬סڸڵģ˿ɺˡҹʵ
һҧȥĥĥòã͵ܷ
ѽʹҹ˻ʹ
˵լӣȥ˿⣬ʡ
ĪĽ飬ȥ˵ġ֮ǰѾ񾩸լԺķȥԭǱڶżȥżңӵĹϵڲõľҲͨƽ˼ˡ
ţˡҹϽ䵽
ǡͰüβ¶ͷǰΪͷ粽Уδ룬˼ɵأլԺ˻ɲô
ĸ׸ϻӶլ֮ʡҹ죬͵
û취Լֶ̡ͣôһϻ䱦ѣһһݣ͸ȥˣôܹҫػع
ô֣һֽûصƲϵҲãּͻʥּݵ߶ҷȥҲգǶǷô˵˵ҲãȫȥҪȢҲգһ仰ѡҪ˳Ÿ֮үķˣȻﰵʹôģ֪
˼ղŶȻߺҪḮҹͿܵúܣ˿̱ӵڻ˱Ťھ̹ԣ˵ʵ
ҴӦĸףҲǮƣԣôܹȥȥĻĸףЦҵġ
ӵɫЩѿ
ҹϽ˵
ң֮ǰס˼꣬ҲסϰߣұסţЩ͵ͷլӣС檆ǻǮ
լСֱ΢ϵҲ˵ãϵáǲ̫ΪѡĺãӦϧĥ
Ķģһ·Ӷüۣǣһߵĥһ߳Ȼɫһˬ˵
Ǻðɣ߰ɡ 
ֱֱǣ֣԰ߡ
ȥ˵˲ߵġҹŲȴֲ飬ղ˵һѣ˵ˣ
ҶˣԶȥլӣһС檣òһΣԵ𣿡ӻͷ⣬˵ģ
ūֻһ˵ķûжġ
ҳʣµľС
ҽԵö࣬ʣ˶ٵġ
ҲԲ˶١
һȣǱ߻ЩϾѣ֮ģ˷ˡ˷Ѳ𡭡
𣿲ʳ֮ʳԵĻҸԶж٣ԺҪҳԸڵĶˡ
㣬Ҹϡ㣬ץʹˡѽſ
ŮһԣһЦ֣§§԰ӣһǳǳ⡣




֮ѰչҹǸū, ôüۣ, Ǹʵ֮ˡ
һȺŶ, ǰԺ԰ϴ˰, ڳҲȻֻͷջ˼, һʳˬΪ, ȴҪ˿θʳζʳнѼ˿ʹзƶ, úϸġ
ò, öʳСʢװˣ˳, ѾˣټլѾȥݣҲƽͷڽСߣųԷ
Ψһͬ, ߶һˣǸߴ, ۣüĿϣ붯, ȴɢΪ鱧ڻͷݴһߵǣһԼ˵ЩĻʳվſڣҲûбӣ֡
ūЩţ֪ýˡ
լһˣûмκȻ˸ŹǮµĶŹ⡣
ū¡Ů˶һֱܺ
ūʳУ̧ŽݣеСߣСĹã˫֣׼ʢˡ
ҵġҹһ٣ŸθūͣӵĹϵˣˣϵʵҡ
ķѾ˵
ūһϽæѽѽ
ӵͷˣżʳ;ȣȡСϰڷš
ӴĿʢϰļȣѰʳģɫž͹ʳ⣬ڳ˼ҵļƣʼԸ
ūԺÿͶһ㣬ҽҪԷġ
ūͷ⣬ʵЦЦ
ҹȴ˫ۣӺū֮شתôͻȻͱ
ԺҲҪҸڶż֧ǮˣҸ㿪˫ĹǮﻹкżĶж󣬶һŲҪһʳӹӦҵԻᰲţֻרİѷչ˺ñǡ
ҡһ䣬˲Ϊ˵ˣţ޾ϸطԸţСִĺ
ҹһģǺʵ˴ˮ˼£
ūȴѽѽأͷӦֲסлȻæҵ˳ȥš
㿴Ѿͷǻ飬궼ұˡ
ū˳ӣӿС϶һ̲꣬סһո£ĸѾͷ
ΪƽǺһԷġǲˡҹŰۣࡣ˵ţأִףҪʢһ붹ȡ
һ˳ֽӹףŸʢˣҨһС׵ݹҪιʳҪ
ҹ˿ߵĸף˿ƶᶨת鿴˿űūһĨ½ǣ캬ס
ЩԼԼˣһͷײУǲӦȻѵôڣΪѣ˰ɡ
ˣ磬Բʢһһڵιԡ
һ߳ЩȣοǸһЩͻأӦⶸı仯
֮ǰѲ󻰳˵ҹֻܲլԺ޶ԡѹûдҪӹĺ⣬֦ͷˣҲѹûⱲӻҪ̤ǹ벽Ӹղһɷ˵Ҫȥҳ˸լСܣҲܹܣ֪ȴİסˣƴ˿̵Ĺ⾰ƺҪͶɫ·๦߹ľǷڣڣһֱͷĳһ㡣
յУСؾۣٯٯۡ
ʶҹӵӦΪٲҪһΪʲôΪʲôǶΪʲô֪ͷβô֮ࡣ
ҲãʡΡƽĶۣдģʲôǵˣûпӵԸܡ
檾ͳ檰ɣʲôСֻҪ갲ߣʱֿɼ
ҹһӦƶſʼղ˵ĻһѼ˿׷
ղ˵ʲôԺ󡭡ÿͶҪ𣿡
鷳һͶҪӡ
šӴһתͷȥвˣֲһ䣬Ұס
ղŻǹԷھͱ˰ס
ҹŬһʡнѼ˿ˬڣҲǺϽȿˮǿ˳ȥҲڸסľ
̫ðɡ
ڣգң֪ס
ãǺãüķҸ㣿ǰҹǽ
ҹ𲻳ֻóЦ
ǣôˡӼ״Ҳֱ׳ذˡ
ҹɫŤ˼һУ˵ҲãҲ㣬ҪҲס˰ɣֻҪټعȥ֮֮
ǣǽʳһ˵Щл
һͷ׷ҹĶǸӹȻǾʣµĶԵسһ㣬㻻ūʰи;ߡ
ھ֣˵ҹϽūسȥԼԵ㶫ˡ
ūͷЦţ¡
ʣ˶ϣԸŲǾþá 
ҷ֮ǰܳˣһ裬ͷ´ͻȻʵ
ǱƳЩߡ
һ顭ҹ˫֣ԼǸϷţɴԼСĦˡ
ӵı飬ǾʡͻȻײһ⣬˲䱻ˣһ˲ַ֣ԭ⾹ǸľϲȻ󣬲ƵأЦˡ
ִ¶ݴЦʱ̣ᲨתϺ㸡⣬Ǵ絴էһй֮С
ҹ̧ͷЦ⣬Щزһ䣺
ˣġ
˵꣬ԼԼڻ㡣էЦУͿԿһҲû롣
ҿչմЦ֮ӣͻȻһ״̬ӣڶȻ֪ԼҪʱ򣬴Լǹ̬ٳġ
Ǹȹ棬ͷС£Ҫ̽ͷȥĶǸ
ҵ׸⣬СأʲôҹһŤѹȹڣһЦ
ǡᶯֲҪ϶
ʲôءҹֽЦ϶㣬ӵıϢСϣġ
ԣ죬ڶ׽
ҵอ죡ҹµͬʱǸͷ­뽫
Ȼףѡ
ϵĲƤϷ΢΢زһѩ׶Ǹ촽ϣ֬¶Ѿݵߵ⣬ô׷
ѩɫСϸп¡ģ״ֻӤСһ㣬΢΢ɷǿɰɿڡ
ͻȻгѪȣһʱ䲻Գ֡
֮.
һؽ֧⣬ббɿڵϯϵˣϯɡԼҲŸű۴ͷ֧¡
ūҡˣ𣿡
ˡ
ιԶٰϼ·ղڸʢ֮ʣѾˡ
ǵĵѯһ顣
Ҳ֪ҹǵͣһҡͷһ³ԥҪʹ֮˵ɡ
ΪʲôҪü_Ŀ.˲䱻ɱһ롣·𿴼һĨƣͷƮ
ͨҽ¡֮ǰ˵ʲôҶʲôģˣĺܲµ˶ȴȻæظӽ֮ܶǧһĺˡ
ͨҽ£˵þ͸֮Ƶģ
һ߸̣һߵӲĵ̵á
ͬʱаԷݣ֮겻ɢļˣյð뵽ãȺȲǣ


Ȳ

֮ơ
, ĸƹ˵ĿأȻִ, 뵽, Ȳ衣
һ, ش, ʵ, ȴһȺҫĹٲһġ롱ֱӴҩϴ, һȺƹ, л̻̣ΪǴ󶫼ҷ˶¶, ˶ء
ԣƾ֮һ򶨵أƹǽ˵ĪţֻǺȲѡȺСƹ, Ȼһյı׳Ŀҩӡ
֮ΡʢĽ, ϣǱȺ׷ߣˮϵľ
ȥãҲȷʵǺȲ衣
ֻүһеֵ, Ҳϡ裬֮⵽ʱ򣬲趼Ѿˡ
ͩͶʢ񣬾СүҲѾڰ棬ַɫѾȵòͷˣһ̧Ŷ֮ƫ󣬱̧ʾ⣬кҲ໰ѣһֶûС
֮ȻҲӳ첽ǰҾ¡
˵٣Ȼһ־ǣ֮ⲻ¡ǰЩӣв֪ǸĻĳСӾǵӵʱ򣬻׷ء
ԣӹλжߣжطжҪȻ˵Ȳ裬ôȲġ
ڣүҪȲ˵ʲô£ﵽʲôĿģ£ҵڱǡ
֮İõأӹӵݹĲ裬СϸϸƷζżͶ⣬һͥͩ涹Ӱ
ƫƫүҲǸˡҲһһģ裬һڽһڵأƷ衣ֲֻҪΪ
ƺѣеķţڴץ˸Ȳһ㡣
֮ȴ֪⡣ϣѹƥ򣬿ܿǿסˣŵö߶£սսƨˣɲͿЦˣԽԣԽ򶨣üʯأѡ
İӣһֺ΢ĹϵһĪĵ⣬ƫС£裬տ
εǣڴ֮ǰҲûйκζԻڹ԰ʱ򣬶֮һʯ󺣵ġ֮⡣
ԾӰת
ƽׯæµã˺ȲľײҡͷֵµˣҲû˸ҽȥţҲ֪ȵʲôʱ򣬷ү֨ĪҪҲҪʲôզզĶүĺ

ʱĹȴֵÿҪը
ҹվ£ʶŶǸĿ࣬ǰһɹæµٲʱŤͷһߵūǺʵѾͷһ죬ţֽסҡͷЦ̾Ϣ
ϵĹ⾰
һˣ˺ƺƵһ֧飬ֱõͥ£վһƬ㣬عȥһȺڲߺ£Ͻ뺰ˣ밲
ҹͥо͸ˣһĸɫ˵ȣһɽĻδδʳɻ󣬲ѾʼһһˣļŷļǻЩȥ£ЩȥϷǸϴɨĴʹѾͷǸۣǻλȫǹġ
꣬ȥĹһȦʲôĴ̶ˣԽ졣˵ֲʧأûͻ
ҹ˵ķɵ㲦ЩӦǰˣʺӲµġɵþȣָͥˣʲ
ҵģ
СĽ˸磬ȥ߳ǽµĹмģЩº֣׵ġ󣬾ͺһ糿ͳһլ˰ӵ¹򣬻̫õóһ㡣
ҹЦЦ
Ŷˣң˵ԺҾͲˣҲŷˡһţԼ˵ˡ
ǡʲôҹ˳Ļ˼꣬⸮ϵĲʹղѾɵò˰
˵˵ĹܼҡЦԽˡ
ҹ˵ۣһҡȣĬͻȻӿլԺĸɫ˵ȡ
֪ӵĺ⣬ø̹ЩЦ˰ɡ£ΪǶõģʹֶּ֮ǿǲ˵ѾظǶˡ
޸徻ɲǰūǣլȥ
λεĲܼңҲӵı£ѧ˶갲룬ָʹˣΣÿһӴɨһ飬ÿһһ飬ÿһϴһ飬ÿһ껨޼һ飬԰гˮҲˣصױضϴ飬ٷŽһˮ
ҹطȥЪСԼ˻飬ָū˼˫½ٳ֮ʱһţվ£˲俴ɵۡ
ͥԺУܵ棬Ҷ֦ȷʵǱϴһ飬մˮ飬Ź󣬻Ȼһ¡
֮ǰ֮Ҳ˹ɨءҹҲһҲûоңɸǰɫȣðɣϣ֮ǰסݹˡ
ؼǣЩˣſµϲľذģ޼֦ģϷߵģȻڼæֺ
治֪Ӹǿ˶ߵ
ҹūլǰĴתһȦֲ޴ͥԺϴˣԺҲش󣬸ɵȻˡ֮Ǽͣл·ϹϾأغˡƤƤ£ֵɾ½ŶҲط
ˣɻȥЪΪˡȺ˼һĵūͣȥ
ԾӰת
õĹͻȻɫ

֮óʱѾʱ
һ·񱼣ַȴǻؼңǾֱլ
ΪʱɢֵҲҪˡ֪һø֮ǰ
üһĹ򣬺һƲ裬үţȻһŮˡֻһŮˣ˵
֮ҲûϵôĵذȥΪ˸ΪҪءʵҲͨˣ֮˭ЩʲôˣʲôӪжٲҵжǮƣ鷸ƣүһ仰Ȼ˲س˼ҸҪ
ԣԼȲ裬ֻһҹǸ߸ϴȨյӣҲʵҲ¶ˡ˻բ쵽ɢֵʱֱ˿ڸߣ漰֮֮㣬ö֮а𺳡Сʱһϵĸôģүܻ䣬䣬渵
ͺǹ԰ڣӶж˽⣬жϤȻ󣬽˺֮ʲô֪һ
֮ȴһ仰ҲײΪǸŮɵ֪ҲֻղʳڵһСūѡ
ӵ򲻿ɱȡ
ҲýɻǸֻ֪СŮɣ˭жٹ߹˶ټѣĳɵִڣȫ֪ˡ
Խ֪˽⣬ԽȼգƲסҪϼһҪӵ뻳ĳ嶯
㣬֪ԼûϷˡ㣬֪º͵үʵ̫ǡ
ֳ嶯ؼ䣬һ·񱼶ӦѾŷһ·С
Ҳ˽գۡûˡ
ǴͥԺһͷײȥŽǰɢţͷӰ֮һһᣬϽͷˮֹס  
͵ؿԼģԭһˣԵֵزһۣܹӯ
ʲôˣŮɷᣬǼɫҴһͷײļƣЩɻ
ûʲô֮ס񣬼ǣѰ˸ڡ
ղšҽˡŮɲ˼Ц˵԰ܵĳ谮ȴ޷֮еϲ̬֮
һΡ֮ѾǰСǰ£ŵС˿ŵϡ
ŮɲپܾСϡ
֮˰첻
ҽҲֻǸѼϼܵİӱ£֮˿ԼڶǺֱײδͣЪξȥ
ǸʡŮɼʡ
ʲô֮£Ͻӻ
̥ȶǰɣŮһ䡣
ţ֮ͷǿԿ϶
ǾˣǰҽҲ˵ǣи⣬û˼ŮɵͷЦת˿
Ұɡ֮ˬӦšʱеһ㣬УЩرġԸʱ˵⣬ȴֻ
̥ȶĻǡɲԡɲԡŮ£Ļںת

з.£ŮѻʳڡһüۣЦһ使֮Ц⣬Ρ
֮ɫһͣʱãԼǻӿͱ.ҵĺＱŮ仰͸˻ˮ
ǰãǸһִˣҲʵģִ˿û£ʵôᣬң˼ʵǣΪˡ




֮ǰų, Ӻžˡ
ҹʵҪĴ𰸣Ȼ, ֮ݺݵ˰졣, Ƥ, Ȩû
ӹᳵ·, ͸Լһӽ, һ·æµһͶɹһһĻرĴɫ£İҲͷ, û, ;ֱҹ޸
ͲѰˣ͸һͳɡ
Ḯϵ, Ѿʲ˹ϵķԸֱӸҹ
ȻݣҵԼĳ, һ׽˸µС䣬׼ѹٷ
ҹһ·үһ, ֱӣַ䵹񣬿ʼ¸˿, һҸУǰ˽ӵ֮ʱѾкһˣһ̣ǱŤܡ
ŽţվǸСĻͷ׷
¸һӡס𣿡
ΪΣӸʣ
ҵеС լôӣǵסһҹէһ룬·ǾЩһ룬ֲô¶ҲЩͻܡͻȻܵذΧûκη϶ܡ
ĶҲһȾķĶһ٣̫̹Ȼܡ
ַסж𣿡һʹٷһ߾ܾʺ棬ϸO@ɾҲЦ⡣
ֲô¶ҹСֹһԸ̣й𣿰ݹ𣿿ּýƸŶһʵ˵ģҪˣ
˵ףϾ޸ƾ¶ˮԵϵ
˵ʲôû죬һʣûټ¡
û˵ʲôҹȴͷԼ飬Ѱ˼ʣĸ֪𣿡
һ֣֪Ź֡
ţ֪ġȴ
Ŷҹһ뵽Ǹ˳µĺǡ̫Ҳ֪ˣ
ɵģֶ̫Σ˼ڿٳưȨ
Ӧðɣĸ׺ͰһĵġҲϣֱӦ˵ϡƽ˿ûĹ˼ɡ˵꣬Թ˵ͷȥϵŪ
ô죿ҹС΢΢ţҲ˼С¶ˣֻ˳¸к
ңšȻ˹أͷϵŪ
˵˵ţҹ׷ʡҹ˵õģˣԺ˭Ҳ£κ飬Ҫʱ֪˴ˣ
ϸ˵ҲˬӦ
ҹһͷУɵͷҪϸ˵
̧֣һ£ʣͷߡ
ͷʵҲˣֻոСѾͷֽţºšȻˣٶܵĿռϢ˲ڡ
˵ҹüûţת˰Ȧһǽϣߴ
˵¾˵ôʲôԼļ
һ˵ȴ˳ǰǽߣ޴ӡ
ҹŷ֣ԭԼ̫ɵͶ
ȶϢѾŹסű۽סɿƫͷ׽̴̰࣬سһڣŷʵ
ʲôġ
ѡҹ뿿ǽڣϣҲ㲻ҲӲߣֻȡķݶ
ζɻã
磬լˣ磬լӦ˵ϾѣȻôװţ̧
Ȼն֮͵ģҪáҹ֪⣬ģҪһˬ˻
ǾͶˣٳ⣬ֽڼ
ʵҲνڲˡ˱Ǹɲһһţչ˼ɸкָסһأ˶֮⣬дףǽв㶼Ҫȼ֮⡣
һڲд⣬㹴һԽԽղܡ˳̽ȥȹȳ㣬ɫȣֱӽǽߣ͸Ҫˡ
ҹҲƾ֮⣬ֻ̾¶ֿġղѾˣϵ˵ģ֪ʱֳĨѾˡ
ǹ˼״СġŻѾõ뼱УȴֻỺۻ֮ʹӿ˳ 
ƫƫָ֮Сҹãӵ£ǽɷĥˣǴϢԣû¹򣬾ɾֻ˫§ס󾱣ϣҶ磬仨ˣԨ׹ȣ߿շʧظ뷽 
.õӴȴ͸ͷѾͷغţи߿ת֮⣬Ҳֻܻǳ̣ĵӼͷ
վסˡȥɡ鵽ĳҲ˼ޣҹ󵽡
áĥĥصڣ塣ɼüˣ˸ۿۣǽǵĸߵϷšºַûԼ֮ȻʧЦֽԼ£ٰڻУȲ棬죬ˮȵĻá
̨˴˽ԵȤ
ɺã˵˱˻ԣҪһá
šҹ͵͵طһ
ʲô˼Ӳ
áҹüۣ΢΢ͷԵشһʱ䶼ҧŴ̫һǻ˵ģԼȥ
̥ǿЩá
Ҳƣٳ嶯ȻĻҲӹǻһ˲
𶥣ܰΧɽƶˣҹҧסӵļͷſϣڳһţֱֽŶԼˡ
ս̫ӳڲ˵Ļȴ̫ɷ羰
ȻҪͷͻȻ˵
𣿡ҹһʱӦѿ׷ʡ
ţȥһߴһ.ο԰ꡣ
ȥʲô ҹ̧ͷһ䡣
ȿһҹҪȢŵķˣʲô
ˣ 
͵ֱӣһŭǣžŢ̌ȣҪ
˵õֻǰסôͻȻֱҪȢУλùùЩˣ
Ҫֵýţճֻ͵͵͵ѡ
𶯣ûꡭӸϽһѰ§סԼǶ׼ȷ˵ǰԼǶȻص
Ƿˣǵˡ
ūҪԵģ£ڡң˵ҪһûʵδôʳԡҰ㣬ڡҪס
Ǵӿ.֮еˣһߴϢһ߻Ҫڲ˦ˡ
ҹͻȻãǼͶ֮ˣЩΪѣɡűסݴһǣ˼ȥ
лҪ˵ƪĻһʱˣԺ󣬸¡ҺҵͽİѾӭղءȥĥд꡶ʱ򣬱дŮʦĹ£мĳԶдǡ۽֦͡سۺдĸо̫ã׼дıѾõĹˡ

æ

ʢʱ, Էбֲ, ֵʢ
ҹ, ɫϴ, ǳرߵˮ̨֮ϣһ, ٱ, ͳΪȤ֮١
̫ºãһտ, 񾩵Ĺ󸾹Ů, 
ر߾翪ʱ, Ƭ̣Ǵĺƻҹʱ֣͵صԽԽŨҹɫУ֡ЩҶе, ӳŻҶԾ봩ɫ𣬶
, 
Ȼν磬Զᵥͻ۾ΪĿġ
Ĺ˺Ůǣж֪, ̫ϱء
ʵۿʮˡͣƶңҲǸδƨ²ɣֿտգͽıڣҲʲôǷڹңǾǿǰгȻͨ檣ŻͣǷңǾҪѡˡ
µ۵ǻ겻̫Ĺ磬ɻӦżڣһһ񾩳Ƕ֪ˣ̫׮ԸһֵܵĻ£һӵĻ¡
׮£Ƚϣ̫֮ǰֵܵģЩǰЩӣүǷһ֣ݿɿСϢòֵ̫ܴһܣȻһŭ֮£˵ԼҲˡ
ǣ̫˼רעڶӵĻϡ
ⲻģͽƫСЩ˱ļˣмޢ껪ģȻʵʹģ١
񾩹ȦҲô㣬˴֪֪סҴյһѶ໥һҲʹ֪Ǹʲô֣ó䵱ʲôĽǶ
ʶһȺСǣһ̫һСĵر̬ױݣŵСӹ͡
ԽǴͷԽĥ䡣ϼʾͷʵ۲
ڽ۵ɣӢͦΣɫﻹǣŸŮɣһȹҹ΢΢Ʈ·
գδЦݣֻǰһȴֲҹජӣ㽫ƵߣһʵŮɡһЩģסоĸأһꣻǷһģѾȵľѿڶˣʶףо̧졣
ŮɵòɫصӰ֮£ɣúܡ
ͷȻȴֲţǲҺ
ǣڵ̨ϯϣһզզľ붯֮󣬶ʱѻȸ
̫ŻʵǣŵŮɣʱһͷǳˡ
δϼӻһУ
ʵƺ˵ȻӶҲĸ׳ÿšˮɫԹǣȹŮǰеسַһӵֱ̫ϯǰ˵˵
ĸ󣬶˾˵ҪȢ·ˣк棬͸ųȥһƣһƣǿ۽ˣԭ¾֮£˾˵·ˣ˭
˭ѹʵİȥĹ˻ʺֻɢǸֹ񣬼ֱһģӡģ
ʵ۵ʻˮ¶̨ϣнд𰸣Բԡ
񣬵վǡ
̫΢΢ۣŻʵһֱǣŵŮɣ˰죬ͻȻһ
ֻ۾˵ϹܳǾҹ
ʵ۶˵ˣӵ·ˣôķС棬ˣôӵͳһأҲʰ
ûʵ۰СŮӴǶ񾩵ĹȦǰָСŮӾҹǵָϣ
ֵܵĵˣ̫Уúܣȴֻҧأԡ
ȻֻǳѣôҪȢţ˭Ҳ޻˵
ĸ˵ǣ񣬵վǡʵ˳ĸ׵Ļظһ顣
̫ͻʵ۱£ԣ˵ˣ˸ǲԡҹȥ֮󣬡ҪȢķˣѹʵİԻһҹ֮䴫񾩳ǣǣǾͲǣ˭ҪٸҺԣǾҥˡ
̫ɫ壬ʾʵӵ£Ѿģͷʱٹܡҹ磬ʵһϯĹŮǣһġһ񾩳Ůͷ̫üʱֹס
ʵȴ̫ϯϣأԲŲͷһվȹŮɡƺɳǲ˼ľУֹЩధ˼΢΢üԼ˼
Ҳū㣬վ޷ټĸΣⳤͰΪأͬһ㡣
δȥЩĳƣ֮⣬һ⣬ִһ
ĿࡣĸſϷ
ɡ̫ǿЦЦÿɷ
ͻðɣ޲ø˵Եӣͷӡףһ˵һһǾ˾˵·ˣһҪ㣬ֱҵһͿ񣬶ӱϾǻʵۣĿ֮£Сѵ⣬Ͼס
ʺˣٴʾʵۣ˵
֪ӾԽˣͻȻֳ̧һģʲôһ㣬˵
޴Ӧ˾˾ˣĸһϾҪȥģ˾˻ͷءͰ˸˾ͻȥĸˡ
δ䣬Ůɣ˳رֱ̨Էȥ
ͷβŮɾ󷽵һ·ţҲ̫ǰͳ̫йߣͳ΢Цʵ˵ʱֳŻʵףʵȥֻܸűǡ
ȥ磬˸裬Ψһк̫ֺ棬һƢǣˣһˡ
ʱ΢ЩӦԵӣ֪ģǹģǣŸŮرǶǵƣƴڻһðԼ¸ƲȻֽڰ˸˾ͻȥǾ׹ܹȥˡ
˵õģѡ
Уһصˮ̨ϣȴΡ

Żʵ۳ԷҹϽѻʵ۵ǣ֣š˵
ˣԼߡ
˲֪أֹǸղǳͷһϵĸ׶ŸɣϾЩšץӥצץƵġ
ǰҪߺˣҹڵưģҪˤˣ˾˿Ҫҵġʵ֣ȴȻߣϸ·
Ӧ֮ǰʵ۹ͨҹӶȻû˿ľȣֱӾͺ㣬ʣ˵ҲǸͻƢԡ
⵶ҹסͶסŲһСѿڶӻס
أ˵ʲôʵͣתͷĵص
˾ˣ̸ʲôôҹѻʡʵֻۣ⵶Сӣߺʸס
˵Ҫ̫ߵԷſڣȴǻʵԵţȻȥһȦֻ£ȥǡһȦ˳ӵ⣬Ҫ̫ﵱھͷءֻǣܰѻʵ֧ʹôԹ˶ˣһ̸Щʲôס
˾ͣιء飬ȻҪæġʵɫһɣܹȥ
ҹû˵ʵȴ׷ʡתʲȥӱǡתʵ˵һǣ
ǡղϯ˵Ļʲôģɱ氡 
ĵģҲ֪ӵ˼ǻʵ۵˼Сͷյأǲگһ£ǣһȦֳƻȥˣӵĽӵľ˾ˣŻǸ鷳
ǣһŵ׷أһŵԣλĵã㣬޵İ㣬˵㱾޵İ㣬޵Ļʽ㣬ţ壬Ҫø˳Ц㣬ģģתɽתˮվתǣǡ
ʵϣһͨ˵ֺŵػ֣ʾġǰȴϽֱֱݵȥԼ󹦸ɣ׾˾˼
ҹʵһתֱһӵżߣͷʵ۳üŪۣ˫֣һߺò͵״û˵ʲôȴڷʣ
⵶Сӣʵ۱£ȷڰæڰﵹæ




ҵ˼
˹, ˳ҹǰʵ۵ķ軰һ˵, ȴǴ
ҹͳס, ˶, ʵǲһķ衣
ū񾩳, Ȩư, ҲŰġӵס̾, ˵, ޳һһ, ʧˣҲӰǲ
棬Ϸԡ
ҹСĿȾլ, øö, Ȼ֮ܶ⡣
ǲ֣˵ȨưùǸ޵ˣүھˣûҿɽ, ۺĸ壬ǲᱻ˷ģպҳ̣ദѡ
ϷԵǲ֣˵гһյ̨ˣҪҲһֿȵȨ԰ѻʵ֧ʹתԸ̫ŸܶŸɣȻȨƣȨȨ˳гӲһ죬ִҲﻻڵһλá
Ǻðɣ⵶Ҫܹĸǹأ˲گ飬ҾɽɽңҲӣԺ㡣
ҹЦ˵˼⣬˵úˬ
˵ֻ뱧Ľȣţһ׳ءǣߣͻȻת䣬д˸ᶨ룬Ҫһ죬Ҳ⣬һӵġ
Ͷˣʲôֻܽžͺã飬ҡӱסͷ䣬촽ס
ѽ.⣬ʹʲô벻ˣֻξ.
޻ţؼȥ

һҹ£Ρرߵ磬ҲлþΪʲôûͱʵ۸ųˡ
ڶ峿ҹ𴲣ϳȥˡ˿ϣϼ⣬¶Ȼ󣬱ıĿʹػ䣬ҹرߵǳʲôأ
ԴסЩҴܵΪ˵֮⣬ҹˣ£̫˵ҹһȣӦӣҪԹţϾⲻֽӸɽô򵥵飬ͷһ鷳Ҫġ
Ȼ롣
ʱϽĲʥּˡⰲ˳Ѹء
ҹǽ뺣ӡ˰졣ٰ֪ĽģͨٳƵ̫һأٵذ䵽档
˵̫֮Ӧòˬͬʵ۵һʱ
켸죬ŷӦû׼̫ǹġǺ֣Ȼʷ̨ǡ
ǻʵ۳˸Ŀ϶ܵɫһϸ˵
СӣΪ˵¶ǣڣĭɣԹսһͨ
Ҳͷξ۷ù򣬳Ȩƺ⣬˷ܵġ
˵ǲگµĵڶգʷ̨ͼˡ飬СɽһȻΧ£һȺ̨ʷӶ巵䣬׼˳ҪΪ˲ʣݣһŮʽ㣬˵ǸҪ޸˵ŮӣɺͳҪ׳
ûʵ۵Ļ˵ȺΧµĵڣĸȻˣɴҡҷȥοգ̫ﾹȻӸһȺƻͭ
ȻжһȵϣȲҲգһɫһǻٹҼ۵ףյĽ˵ŨŨ˼飬˼Ѽģ촹żһòƵԵˣûʼҵĶݼһ£ѵд
֮һ仰ϴôдӲģֻǳӡ
ʷ̨ԹǳĬˡӵϣԴǲûеߵشӲϴô˭Ǳֻ๫ˡǸŮˣӶˣ˾˵ģͲȢ
ǣתìͷ׼ӡ 
ӸǸģüĿǧ˦һ䣺ҪȢȣ·ں󣬹Һ£ȺԹֱۣ֪ȴһʱ֪ԷҪϵģŤ䣬·ó巵»ʵ۵ľƱҪִ˷˸
ӱƼˣһݻȥһ̫ү֮飬˾ȢŮǲʮ飿
Թǳױ¡̫үĻʺǿ׽Ůǿʼݴ֮ȹ̻ȨȨ֮ƣ¤֮ոסԭвڷȽڡ˵ιȣǣ϶Ͳ˵¶
ðɺðɣһӣҪôңҲˡǻһƣϰ׵׺дأƷسйԷֹسȨ
ԹһȦڳĬзɿѰ˼ָ̧һɵ
֮ҪȢףҪϽ㣬ǶǼ£ǿԷһ룬ǣӵȨȢǾǹ£ΪԹ٣ٲֹʧְˡ
룬ͻȻͷص˵
޹֮й˰ɣ
˵žͰӡ˳һţʷѾתﳤȥ
ʵüɫؽ꣬δüۼڶ˾˵ĳ뾴
ҹãȻһη˵顣
ʵն룬ֲ˵ŶѾѰдˣ˾йʥּҲˣʱ飬ͬʱȥ
ʵ˵ţһƫͷĿɫ
ǹ٣̫ͱ£ͬ⣿ҹŻʵۣ̽⡣
̫ٳȨƣϵһˣһƷλ˵ġ
֮ǰҲòף˾˵һʱһλһ֮ʾλȴˮܾ֮ܳ룬˵ӦˡĸΪʲôͬ⣬޾Ͳ֪ˡ
ʵ˵Щɻ
̫Ϊʲôͬ⣬ҹܴĦ̫ҲͷϣֵܣѾɸ֣޵Ͳһߵȥﻹ
ҲãԹٵĿڣʡĭҷɣǱǱ
ҹ벻ΪܹϡиȨưȻԼȨƣ
˫˫ȥȵؽסѡ
һ룬ݸӣ
ȥĶˣ
˵ӡﳤȥ𣿲ؼЪţȥйˣ
˾˵Ҫȥɽժ÷޲ɸ߰㡭ʵۼ۾ìܵ͸¶ӵȥȻ󣬾ͼҪߣ˵ҪСɰĻȥ
ҹЦȻ֪ʵļСɰ˭Ҳƣֻȥ෺Щ飬⵶СӣŽɽΣչԣҲ׺ʵϣҲһ
˻ʵۣҹϸϸػζһ
Ƴζ֮ǰдһ˿ΪȻܾûʵףȷȢţԵúǶһ٣ƾ޹һعغ׳ͳʹ淨¶ˡ˿̣ӵ⣬ҹرһ⣬˵̫ͻʵ۵ķϣ˽µĲ²⣬ֹסġȻţҪףҪǿȢʷ̨ȫĵͶսȫڻʵۺϣ˭ģǲĺ׹
ԭ֪й˼ɡݣǳ޾鷳ȴʾ֭鷳ԼԴƲ
һ룬ǾĿɹ첻ӿЩ
ɽժ÷ôž򡣽ʲô˵һģû뵽ˡ
ժ÷ȨѲ١ӡȵˣм䱦οΪǳǽѵӹ
ҹģ߸ϵˣͻȻҪü˳Ŀүˣǲ̫ء




һ÷ʱ, ҹѾŵȺʱ
Ϧ£ɾ粽Ժ, 뻨ͥ, Ͻȹɲ, ˽ͥУҲ˲ūΧ, һͷػ, Ϳޡ
ôˣӱһģϽסΣЦ
ûʲôж
һ֮, ɽ, ̬֮䣬һûЩȽڵ, طꡣ
ˣ̧˳ı
šҹͷһҲ˾˵Ĳǲ
, Ժ, ûٺ»ˣҡ΢һ̧Ĩᣬһ߾Щ, 󡭡
áҹֱһЦصصͷӦС
΢ЦϮۣһλõ⸱ȻϸҪģϲ
ҲΪѰЩͷζԼҪԡӵϸ˼ˡ
ǽݰɣҶˡӷתӵߣ˳ְݸϵūȥ÷ϴˣ÷˳һ᲻ᡣ
ūæǰ÷ȥϴ
ҷˣźñŤҹӻš̿鵽鲻Щ޹һѣģЩ
ǽʲôӷ
ҹЦ⣬˼⣬ֱһøЩתͷ˿µѾͷǣ˵Щ˵ңջģһ
ҹ˵˺òáЦøʢҲǸ˼ֻǾãⲻûɷ𣿡
վлǣҲ⼸գˣɣ
ЦŤýϷԽѵţ£ͷĶūϴ÷ͽַҪιԣԵõͷޣƺݺģǣ֣ҧһһ÷Լгһڣü
ҹһɫеˣζ֣֮˼֮ǿɲܰġ
õ÷ʳȣ˳ڶϷԣζ⡣
ãݣס·һ۹ޣãů
˺һʱգҹָо
Ӱ㣬ᣬź򣬽ʳǡҪǣڲ࣬΢
ӹȻлʼҹ֮Ȣ
ǴӼ򣬵ܵӴͻ飬ýϯݸãģس׺ᣬûаڣ͵͵
ԸԳûаί͵ĳݣϹϷˣϷûиѿ̫̫Ҳûж˵ʲôԶĹүǻϲֱ˵Ҫ
˾񾩳㣬˸
ж˹ְڼңͰ޲óհڻ
֮ǰĳҹµӣԲԲãЩġ
Щãһ죬һһжûˣ˯ڻĽéݣԵҰͷµǣңԶ
ˣ̫ܹڼҸһӵģ˵ҪɢһӣĲˡ
˵ˮʱУһǣʱ֣Ҳ͸⡣
̫ٳԽˣǣ˰ٹ飬ΪӾʮߣǿǰйģй˹񣬾ǳˣӣȻǿġԣʱ䣬ɼɻɳ٣Ҫٳ̫ĻԸҪ³ǵӵԸ
ǲ̫̫ˡֶ̫ӲУеͨڳϣȴôе֮ͨûڳϲƵشԲҲͲ̫̫򽻵ֲֺã»Ч
Դߴãܱ̫ҪöԸЩһϳĵ
Ĺٶ˵죬粻֮࣬һʣݵ䣬ͨ񣬿Իˣ׹ǡڿһʣСɽ£룬ǰй̫ĳ飬͸˵ˡ
¶ʮмӹ񡣹ڣ巵ϱ㳷ȥɴΣ̫Ӷλʼ׾¡
ĵһ飬׼ȷǣͬʱ£һǰ࣬
أҪ˹ΪִأҪһ񾩳ĸ֮Ů
Ⱥɵˡ
£̫ΥӶˣĻã볯֮УǺޱƽ֮ŮĸµĻʺ
ǣǿʼĻʵġ
ʵۺ˵Ƿ˸óҲ档飬һõһԼ졣һз緶óѡȨ⣬Ҫ֧һ
Ǻһ£ñӸִһŮʺ󣬿ܸЩ๫Գã˭մźô˱ѹţǺŮʺ˵ͬǴ˭մźô˭Ҳˣƽ
ǣһŮ˴ƽʺ󡣻ʵ۰˭˭ɣŮŮɣŮǫͣ˳޼֮ƣ֮ǣŮҲŮĺô
ĳǣػԽת䣬ӦҰο
ҹڼУŸʮ»̥ĶǸһӰԣߣһֱ׷ݵҹرߵ磬ųᵽ˶˵̣һ׽һ׵ģĿɹԶˡ
ʵ۷ּͻ飬ɽ֮ǣ񾩳ؼˣ㡣ӣӵİ࣬¶̫ٳı׶ˣûȻֽӵĸΪͷû
ǣأӴʲôأ˹٣Ȣ˸ɢҪ볯ãֻҲᱻȺƵ
ˣ㣬㿴䣬ԸһŮʺҲԸ볯ãԴˣûһ㡭ʧ䣿ҹ̲סǸɢЩƣˣֱʡ
ʧ䣬ֻרĵҵĺҲ֪Ů˭ڴбڴǺľСϣű飬Ĳɵģش
ֲʲôҹֹһ䣬أɢȥ
̧΢΢ЦЦ
ʱҹܹϸһ㣬ͷһƣܿӵžɫݣƣģʮ㡭ˡ
ֻǣȫģڸ̥棬Ѿˣʱп裬ȴֳٳûзĶ֮˵Ҫʵ߶ͳ߰ߵģżѺ¹ӣУкβס
ңص̫ãǰһģ󻶣ͷ£̥¶̥ͣˣһһɫĥ
õѾÿҪŲסˣ
ҹٲʹڷ彡ҲҲ˳ʹһҹڶ賿˳صһӤֺģа˽أĸƽ
ŮģȼģҹԼҲǸ֮ˣȴοϲԽ
ӽ٣ؿ˺þãЦúɵһָͣ˵
ҲǸ˷ˡ
Ҫ˯ҹƵ߶ò͡
Ҳ˯
˳Ӧţͺˣְٷڱ䴦˿ű˯
ҹΪ˵ģ˯˯ϵ˼ҹŬͷҲһҹҲˡ
ʱҲû룬űĿ񣬲˯˹ȥ
һ˯˯
Ⱥſ֣ӻ˯
չĺɫŨƵӻ˯
ҹȥţʶûԣֻ΢Ϣȴûκ֪
һУؿںȴƳŨŨĿ־Ϯͷסս׹Ԩ̶ٲ




һҹ, ҹһֻ֮
вӣŵɲʧ, , պ˰, ڳūӦ, Ȼ, ţǲ¶ֹҪ´ȥ, ҽ
ʱ˿, 񾩳ǣֻйҽ, ܹ֮С
ūżֲ֪Ȱ裬ֻðѲйϽȥڶլѶ֮˹֮Ҳǰҽ, 仰ҹסڴ, ȻҴҳȥҲ֪ȥҵˣҲ֪úַȻ̫ҽԺק˹
̫ҽԺ, ҽˮƽ˷ӵЩƽףѨ̽һȻ˸жϣ˵˥ߣԱǿд̼źá
ҹˣǰй֢״˵¶֮£Ҳ֪˵ģ¡ʮ׼Ȩ֮
ǣŴӱĿ˯û˿Ļˣ˯ȥѲô죿ǹ¶ĸǽŮӣҲϲҵľϹģֹֹס
֮⿴룬겻ᣬҡҡ׹ָ˸ޡ
һҹʱ䣬ܱ񾩳ǣһѾҽһˣҽ
֮ǣҹͻЩ񣬶Щϣʡһ˺ڵصϹ룬ƽ
ⷨӣҲȷʵáһȺҽиı£иļأжϲ飬͸۲ѣȻ󣬶ζ֢ҩǸƫͨ 
ҹͿڴСϣһҹƣ˿ЩһȺҽûи̣ҲԷſġЩ췽ҹ̷ľ֮ʲôϡŹֵҩʲôⷬĻ֮Щ˵ɷн£Ҳ⣬һһһԡ
֮ɫ㸩ͷ۾ŵ˼˵Щ޴󰭡
ʱľ棬һӳӶ̺ӵĽУɸ֮ˣΧۡҹͷϲͷڴСϣС԰ףȴͷ֮⣬üŪۣΣ
Ҳˡ
ڳɢһΧ˯ˣٰŵøڸЩһ¶Ķ֮⣬ҹڴǰ
¡ֱߴ죬Сϰ뿿ˣûغǵ
ע⽫ӣŲӵڶ죬´Ϲڣ֮ʱڣִСϣпůûǶ֮ⶼˣ׷˼ҵıӰһǸĿ͡
ҹͷ˿Ẉ̂ʮسߺȵˣзɣ־Ц㲢ãϴֱȥס
Ը̣ղŻ˯ðˣȻ´
ҹɰŻˡҹӻｿлˮ
˵ˣ˯ѡӵһ߽Ϸţһ˵ϡƽÿ궼ʱգҪЩǰգҾЩֱۣ˯ϼգ´Ҳһǲġ
˵ʵⲡ֢ҪҪ ҹһҪۡ
ÿļǱ赭ԹȴͻȻôһ״֪ǳˡ
ҪӻǾ˵ְ⵹£ϣɺã
ҹ԰ѽһƣţӷתõ⣺˵ǶҪȥĹҪҩ
ûнҩеĻҪˡһ仰룬ۼüͷֿοѣֻÿ꿪еѰƽЩͣϤĽͳɣⲻٶˣڼɵðˣЩϵȲҩȣٸ£һꡣ
ҹؿ캣˵һ
֪ôӻֻ֪ոˣԽƤˡ
ģأˡ˵˵һ꣬һ꣬ҵȥˣȥӼֱ׵زһ䡣
ҹ۾ЩʪԼͷӵһ仰ȴκλɽ˺ģþޣеϫӿ
ô˵ţﲻܿޣ޶۾ġһӵȥֽסְѻƫǺ˼Ĺ򣬻룬ʲô֣СΣȹ꣬ٸŮŮá
ҹⴽδԼױˣԱտ

¾ʱˮʱת˲š
£޶˴źԱƵ߷á
̫̫ԼЪ£УҲں࣬źЦü䡣
Ϲ̫Ϸ˼ӣȻǸˣŰֻ֣û˵Ѻڸ
ȥҹڣͬʱ̽ػ̫˵ǳϵĽ㣬հƣ̫ղǺЦӯ
ר̴ݻӣӤҿϰ죬ͻȻãããȻ˸־
ЩкҪˣ֮ǰǷϲ񶼱ֳ˶ӵĺӵϲҹãҲǶһֽɺͬɡ
ٴİҲսأʳ˼̻ǷĶСأҲս԰ļ壬Ծ˾үߴð˴̵ݡ
ҲĲΣӵζ
ʵ۵ʽ񣬷ڣ׸ʽһҪЩ»˫ȫĸˣ»ʺǰͷǷСؾ˻ʵ۸ҵһȺھˣֻ˵ҪڵĹᡣ
Ȼ㣬£ȴǹˡ
Сʺ˵и֮ˣմģĸʺйﵽŮӵļٻҲֻܹӵйĸ
̴ľᣬŮںڷĳϣԵһᵽףҹȻԭڱУҲи֮ˡ
ǰмңаˣк򸴺
Уûʧǵġǵӻ᲻ͻȻֲˣһ˯ˣҹһӵ͵͵ؿ
ӦһӣӦš
ȵ룬ã羪֮񣬼ȴ˵ҲţԼӵаҸӦðΣʰ
Ӧţӻƴȫһ
⸣»˫ȫٻ
¼ǸǳһΣӦôϧ
δ֮£аţ죬ˣҲ塣
֮Ӧ
Ϊڣһ·ǸҲ޺
Ϊ꣬쳾ζ
꣩

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