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һź˿ߣ˯
İ
лʮɣŷԼǴ顪Ƕԭ½֮
ǵõ½֮԰䷢ġ˿Ǹˣǲǿġ
½֮˳ţò츳׿Ҳܻװģܴŵޣһ˵ҲҪʮź˿
л߾񲢲ѡ
Ϊȷҵҵհһϵ·ͷ糿ͻо̵زˣ½֮Լȥ˺ڰС֣ƽڣ֮㡣
ڰУ½֮ƽոյĻѾ¼ˡ
лһ£
л͵һѾ˸ϡ
½֮˶ɺԼ֮䣬ȼԭĻ⣺Ľǰɣ׸

½֮վǸ˵ܿһĵľ޴ˮǰ
ᾭЩʲô˵ĲͶ·Ҳһ̤Ӵ޷ϣʲôԲᶯҡ
ĵǱǰһиˡ
лƭӣ
֮ܲʲôġ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ

ɳİ
лߣ̸
½֮־ɱ֣

ݱǩǿǿ  
ؼ֣ǣлߡ½֮ǣ
һ仰飺Ҫĺ˿

Ʒ:
лʮɣŷԼǴ顪Ƕԭ½֮ǵõ½֮԰䷢ġ˿Ǹˣǲǿġл߾񲢲ѡΪȷҵҵհһϵ·ͷ糿ͻо̵زˣ½֮Լȥ˺ڰС֣ƽڣ֮㡣ڰУ½֮ƽոյĻѾ¼ˡ
ĽһԹѡϵͳУϲᣬȴڽ⿪Ĺʶ˴⣬֪Ĺ¡λ˹ɰȤڲʤ̲סһЦֵһ


1 
ʢʱڣ貣ǳǳɹȺ嵭˿еȺͽꡣżз̽ǴӸߴڼ̽ʾ˼̻ĺۼ
ڸǼĽһ۵С¥
ǳ֮һֻ˵ƫƧյֲŵ伮ĵӲࡣ
źܾǰʷҰǣƽո塣վѵмڵذϿ顣
һþˣԵѣ˵½ʦִ˴αչأ׼μºժǻᡣ
Ϊ˴ֻǼһģҲ´űˡԷ׷׷飬С˵л
˲죺½ʦֽҪμ𣿡
˵ժǻ콾ƼӼλ¶ٽҪȥμӡ˵½ʦֱǳȥġ
һꡰߡһ콾Ҳܵй½ʦ֡
G½ʦȥĻлʦֲһǳ˫赡
˴⣡
ȥʲô𣡡ͬתƻȻûüЧոտ½֮Ľ꣬üëߣ˵л˭ӵģŬ֪½ʦ֣½ʦֹ°߽࣬ˣô½ʦֹ˫赣
պøһܣлߣ
ǱʲôܼʱڱԼΪʲôƫƧģʮ춼һһĽ½֮ĶΨ
УʲôʱŬ½ʦˣ
˿˾δҲ̫˰ɣ
ͬίģʵҾðɣлʦŶлߣȻ½ʦػС
Ҳ˹ˣлʦֺƣôˣ
˭֪ƺôģȫȥ߷ߵǸǸﲻһ˽ģͶȡɵαӣ
л߻ûãһȥǸǱԼһĿػ뿪һԺð
ǻеȴĪ˳˦һļ飺ЩѵͲŭ尾ôֻҪӦǾ͸㻻һǡȲ½֮Ҳ츳׿ԽӴ˴ɱķÿǧεƵǸһַӸף
л߸׼󳷵ĽŲһ٣ѵôһԴеĲ֮ͣɫһѾǲǶʲô⣿
ϵͳòѯʣôˣ
лȴѾѸոյջȥˣϿҵû¡ҵ˼ǣô˵Ҳں
ϵͳ߷߲ƽôܲںأ˵Ķ
лģʲô
ֻǺӻ
ΪԭͥԵʣСʤĶȥˡ¶ƽϣԼ۵ġ
л߻һתȷʵ̫ˡ

ÿһ㶼еֵء˽ӡ鼮ǽ޷̵ȥҪֵش¼¼ֵôһвев˴ֵصĵſϿ
˳æֱЦлʦôͳˣ
лһŷǳɫͣϰԵ΢΢̣·ʱʱЦ⣬Ǹ޺崺ĳࡣһ˫īֱܽ棺ʦܣ顣
ǵһæתߣӹɨһۣе죬ƺĶҲû⣬ܸɴлߡ
л߽ӣ⡣
ʵڳǣûʲô˶Զ緱ѱʷҰǸȤ֮Ի϶Ϊѧһλӣϲʷ¼ѧη
Щʷ¼ʷռƪ޼ÿ˷ֵ¼ֲһҪѹãȥҰʷȰƪҳ۾жĲģĲӹ
ˣл߱ıҲۣԽŹһλƽһ
һӵġĿæġ
л߸ոսļ϶ɨһ۳ֱڿ飬ܿͲ³εľ幦Ρ
飬Ҳ޷ΣҲǿŰ©Ĺγٱɡ
ȻСѻӦöʦǣһ֮顣
л߽Ų죬ӭʦá
ƽﶼͦ˹ĵŮӣ˿ȴز㡰໡һгŹ˷ܵĹ⡣΢һ£һŮǰЦУлʦ֣½ʦ~
лûǸĲ˺ţһ£첽ߵ¿Ȼ½֮Ӱ
½֮괩ҪޣߵĻƶû죬ƫĻװΣϵĵ񻨶Ž𲭡һ磬ˣֱָ䣬½֮ϣеḡɫѹȥֻӢϣѰľʯףĵһ
Զվżӣʱ͵ۿ
½֮ڳߣΪԴ㡱ʦʦȻĽȴҲǰûȤ
ԭһĮȻŲſڵˣʲôӦһл߳ڴǰͬһ̧ͷ
Ŀԡ½֮۾ʱһ¡
лߵԵȻҪ½֮ò٣߳Ժļظк½֮۷ʶȤظǣлʦ֣ǻȥ
½֮ȴûһл߾ߣվԭأĿ뿪
лü½֮ϵµϸһ
һֱЩ˵ıӰʧ½֮۲һܣȷûˣųһȻһлߣбб˼ϣֺԾ§סлߵʾлߣ߿ߣ˿
طûˡ
лߣ
§뱧½֮˵ҪΪ˲˿ƫƧƽСߣļֱ²ۣôģ
ʱ
ϧһֻάְʱֲܽӶáֻ˸˭עʱ򣬡ȻȻس˲ſڡ
л˭ȳţôԷģ
ԷǳǵĳҲ½֮ĸΪ˴ѡıչ֮Ƕɲл߶½֮˽⣬Ҳ̫鷳˰͹ԣܲһȱQŹİɣ
УȻżôأΪʲôʵʵȥˣ
ùŹġ½֮еŤֹסл߲ӣҪ㱳Ұɣ
лߣ
飬Цɣ裬Ҳ̲סһǿƽһҪŹ½֮ĳ嶯
ŲŹôԶܹΪұȥ
ܺã½֮Ӧӵе߼
½ֱ֮ͦ׳ģ߰ĥĥʲô
½֮л߻Ҫ߰ͷ֪ǲͷпյԭء
ţԣ½֮ԭһֻ񣬾˵ǵȸΪ½֮ԼԭͻĪлûۼ
½֮ſл߼ϣੲݣҪʮû˵Ļƭ˵Ҫҽժǻսľ顣ȥͱԣ˵ʲôժǻᵽƴսŹʱȥЦСı˴õﶼʶ㶪Ҳ𡯡˵˵ôܣôܱ˴ôң̫Цˣ
ұ⣬ûҵĹҶ˰˷ͭ󣬶ƶΧֻһô󣬸룡˸һ
ժǻֻ׼龵ڵʿμӣժǻûа˸龵۷嶼˵˸ͭˣԴˣȫ龵۷壡˸һ𣡡
л߰Թ֪ͻص˵ססͬһԺһһԣ˭Ҳûۿ½֮Ǽ䣬ֱȥлߵӡ
л߰˷ڴϣʦʦͬЦݣѾʧˣԼࣺѡ
лҪ˵¿~л֧֣εĹǸСѧ
ʮҸ£ûе£ͿİһҳûٵĻ˼һγٵˡ֮ǰ˵Ҹĸʱ䣬Ǿҡƣһֱƽδɡ
Сʹʣشһ£ΪĽٵԵʣİĿǰΪ׼
ǻʱ䣺ÿĿϵŶҵүû˵Ҷûֻдˡ
ŮװӪߣ
װϷݳԽȹӡ
Ϸӳĳգһը졪
ϲڶ
òֵΪ99ѱΪִ༫޵ľ~ŬռŮװٻ~
ǣݳԽȽ봥ֹķĿϵ磬ռ֣
СñĲȹ
ѪĸСװ
͸ӵӣͷ
akb48ϵ

Ķ֣ǴҰϷӳľУ
ĬĬݸ첲ϸȵŮװ֣¶ɭЦݡ
ű׵ڵҭ
ΪʲôŮװÿһСȹӶõһ
TMǶĿĹұȣ

ĿֲΪϲõаŪʱһֻʹŹеˡ
ǣⲻһĿһƯС𣿣
αװӽƭȡΣյݳԽһݽԼƿء
Ȼǰ˺ȥαװ
ݳԽЦ㾿ʲô
ǰչһ׺ʯĻޣϲСȹӣ
ݳԽ
ϻޣǽ



2 
Ȼϵˣкöദϡ
õҩʹ½֮˻һ⻹ҪǶңжİᣬҾˡ
лߺܲظҩƽڣʦͬμժǻˣ
½֮һİѼͦøֱǰ
ʵڲʱл߾֪ˡ⣬½֮شһ̣ҩֻǶһ¡
ժǡʵһؾʮһΪʮ죬ֻ龵Ϊʿڡ
ؾۻҵŵرʥ˴УժǼֱص˼㡣ΨһպۣЩɽʯ䣬ҹŻԼİǡ
ʮη꣬ǹ⣬ɴʯĶϣϡ٣Ƿ
ʯձֵʱһɲҰ龵ڱʿ߽׵ĵһʱȴ𡣺ʮǳ棬ٰʮһժǻᡣ龵ڵʿԲμӣԺǰʮ˽ժؾÿõĴʯΪ
չڣʯռݵѾԽԽСժǻΪɢᾫӢӼĽĳϡ
Ϊڼ䣬ժؾǷյģ˼⣬ǳĶѰ¼ö֮ĬϽصľӢӣ龵кڲŷŽȥ
Ȼ粢ȫһ˵ʵսվС
½֮ȥոս龵ڣȫûҪż
½ĸ֮һֻϣ֪Ѷˡ½֮ӲˣҲ˵ˡ
½֮˲˵ĻͷһۣһĪ⣺ôңΪʲôͻȻҪȥ
лѾҩˣһ½֮ţ½֮Ӧ£ڴϴ˸ߺذлߵıӳԼͷϡ
л߷ǳûط˸ۡ
ۣܴ½֮ϿдġǧʡҲ˵Ҫ׷ѿࡣ
½֮ڱһûиолߵĶƿӽ䣬飬ӴлһС̵ųȥҪԿ㣡ģ
л㣬Ų˵ƽͣƬ߲࣬ࡣ
½֮Ƭࡣ
½֮ͷɥرQߣԼ˸С¡
ǶôһˣԵñĪмֹζлͻȻһԴ
ʵʲôֻҪ˵һͺˣûҪƽ˼½֮ˣҲûҪԵ嵭˵ѹûҪԷ
ǻǱϰߣǺܾúܾ֮ǰһ
ӳˣǲҪͷˡлһduangduang㣬һ롣
극лһʱûģ½֮ѾԹԵرQŻȥڴɺˡ
лȥ
½֮ûлΣﴲϿܻȡ
½֮Ÿ߹޵۾һ˯ԵֻɵӣΪҲ֪𣿡
лߣ
Щſڡ½ʦֹ°տڡ½ʦָ߽ࡱȫǸŵܺӺ
ҹлϨ˵ơѾ½֮ռֻƵ£ձ۾ŵܺͻȻڣι
л߹ؾصţ
½֮ſлߵȣ֮ĳͷϡںڰܿл߰Ĳ֪ԼжٽβֱӱŵһȥġôԱҲ⡣
ûҪ̫ġ
лۡ
ƺлߵɣ½֮ɻȥֵеʱ䣬ҲһȥΪʲôҪڸҼʮ꣬˱ȣ
⻰˵òνɳÿһ綼һˣڴˡ½֮˵ȴһǰƶ̲סȥš
½֮ϾҿҪʥˡ
ոյĺʱɢֻʣжص
л߰쵽ͷǱߣñӰ½֮ͷϣ˯ɡ
лһ£ûסһǧһζֻҪ˵֪𣿡
½֮ҡһҲø˵
½֮òױ죬ߵð˳
ʲôϵ
ϵͳ֪ʲôʱԶˣȵٴγ֣Ѿû֮ǰļ飬˱ƭ𾪺˵ʲôϵ
лڱµָĵ˵㴲ﲻо𣿡
ϵͳԼbugԼû
лĥ仰ڴֵܰ
ϵͳȴ˻ɣɱΪҼʶ٣ƭңֵ˯һŴ
л߾ȣͷֵѾ˯ͬһŴˣ
ʲôģŶͳģ˰
ϵͳ˺ü죬ں֪ˣǲǵˡ
лȷʵûӡ
۲˼죬ϵͳǱӦòʲôΣԺܸߵǿȨ˵񻹿Կһ£½֮Ȼ󱻾ʲôģлûʲôѪ־򣬻˰ɡ
ϵͳͻȻ̾˿磬ʵ˵˰ɡʵ֮ǰԽǵֱʡ
лԭһƼʱʮ공ȥ۾һ߰Сӡ
ǲԻȥˣṩ̣ӦȺ飬ǩٰͬ͵ʱ㡣
أһССĲŲϵͳ˵ôСΪ͸¶ŨŨĿζֱӽˣһ۵ĺͯ
ҵȨֻһ˽ΣǱġӣϵͳϿң̬ºͣǾֻܰͻԭ磬ȻٻһԸĹȻѾ뿪ԭСʮˣʬؿܶ𻯼ٴˣģǾԡ
лߴһ£룬Ҳûô߳ˡ
лҪ˵л֧֣


3 
ϵͳʾǳ⣬һתܺãһݰɡ
л߻֮ǰĻڿвǱϾĲֻϴ
֮ǰѾ˵磬һС˵½֮˾츳ˣƷи߽࣡ڣ˴ʡһٸĴʣΪۣչǿ׷ȻȴʼֹˮһίʧȵؾܾеİĽߣȻһɹȥ̽µĵ磡
лߣš
̫ƽϵͳܾȣ㲻𣿡
лߣʲôɹ𣿡
ʼյ
˽Ϊ죬һʮǣ¡
½֮ΪǵٳȻͲˡųӻķ棬Ŷʮ꣬˳龵ڣ˭ҲҪһ䡰ǰ;ò廯κ󱾾òڣ½̳֮
֮ܶһ仰춥߸˧ΪǹҵġĽ˿ɽ˺Ҫûϵ׶ϲˡ
ˣֻһٸ֪࣬ȻͷβⱾͺֵþȺ
л߶ԴȴвͬĿ
ȣ
ʲôɾȵģ
ϵͳڸ½ֵ֮ţҪ°Ͷˡ
½֮ʶʮ꣬һ·֤½֮йظķꡣ
½֮һףʮꡣл߻ǵãͣƳǺμҵǧ游ĸǰݷã½֮һ顣
ƯݣһĴС㣬С·סǣͨ죬блһֿۣ½֮°΢̧л㽲
лʶȤشܿ½֮ȴ̧֣һлߵĲӰ˹΢΢üл˵Ҹʱ䡣
ŮݺݵлһۣҲûŤ󣬹ѾҸ˵ˣҪҵĵ£
ʮŮѾ񻽿ģ⴩һɫ񣬰ɫëӣĿƵؿŶɡȻ˵Եһ㣬Ҳʧɬá
Ƕֱ˵ҲҪĻ
Ůһ£ʶʣΪʲô
½֮СͬѧšҾ͸˵ԭ򣬷ǳ棬ǳرʾҲÿɢ֣ʮ껹̨ܽڵ¡δ̫󣬲᳤õġ
лվԱߣ͸оϢ
ϢǣСһ󣬰һ󣬾ָ̧лߣأոôһ𣿣
½֮Ӧôһأ
ʵл֪½֮˼ӦǣлǰŸսӴУΪϲǺŮ֪°˱ܾ߷ߺѿķ࿴ȴƲң
½֮ŭ˵˭Ƿ
лΪĵˣûü˾һԲ϶ˡлʱֻǸõĲ˼ʵ޷ĸ߶սֻ֣ȥˡ
Ҵ˻𼱻ǸϹʱ򣬾Ѿȫһߵˣ½֮˰ڵϣùʹ˼ҵԴ˵˵
Ů࣬һһ߲ĵȥ½֮
л߼ֱһôġ
ԴͬӰģ½֮ĸס½ĸԼҶУܵһϡ׷޻᳡Ĳ·ĳʧغ̸һ
ϵͳеġίʧȡġ˿ʽܾ
˵£ԽΪ½̫֮Сδô淢һ£ûʲôý͵ˡ
½֮ʮһ꣬һϵҽίʾҪͳ
ǹҽ߳ΪּͬȪ˵ƽϲֲֻݣιιСƢرãӲ˳ܣ˵Сġ
½ĸϲǹԼɵӴ´࣬ղ˽ѣӴһ¡
ǹ½֮ȹ񻹼ǵú乭ħյľһƳ½֮Ҳͦãϻ٣ѵõ̬ر
ĵ죬˽һĵãദ졣
ǹҲ֪ʲôǵЦͻȻ˵һ䣺֮պĥ̫ʱ䣬лʦֻ᲻ﲻ
˼˰ӣɫض˼ҹ˵Ļǻ˰ɡҪУ칭ħ飬ûٿеʱɹĥ
㽫ϼҴʱӦҲǺͰһסΪϰһȻһҲǲԡҵȻȥһ°ߡ
ǡƢرãӲ˳ܡĹﵱ˦һ⣬ƭ䣡
л߿½֮¹ڳȥŸӡȻ𾪡½֮²꣬˶ľˣҲ֪ԴӦ˵Щʲô
Ͼֵܣ˵úáҲرʡ
лĸ½֮һȣҲˣǣĹϵֱִĴˮ࣡˯һȫκηӦ֣ȷȷʵʵûа
ľлͼ½̸֮һ̸Ժ͸йص£ܱܲ뾵
Ͼֻװ׵ĺֵܣҺ̲һ
½֮ԼԩˣֲģԼģֻǻشѣҶû֣㾹Ȼ˵
Ƿ߶лս죬ҪһȻĿбӣ֡
лߣ
Ƕ֮л߾ˣ½֮˲ó˵ɳ׶ġ񼡱ͭ㶹ģѴ򿪣ûнഺڣֻܳõͣжڡ
½֮һҷʾòˣעˡ
ϵͳƺ½֮зǳߵϿɺڴлҲԸǰ½֮ϵףϿҵֻǾã֮һû˼˼Ů鳤Ҳûʲôֵġ
⻰л˵Ҳġ
˿½֮֮ӣй⻷ֿɵáлȴ֪ЩģЩȴǡ½֮Ʒ⣬ʵ൱
ּѵã֪ԼҪʲôһ·ԸΪ֮ͺ͸ˡ
лŮ֡ʯ˰ɣŹˣҲŹԼͦõġ
ϵͳɵسĬһܸоﲻ̫ԣǽ͡һɤӣô¡ȻС˵أҪ顣ǵʵƫάҪ顣
лڱϵͳŵĵһ죬֪νġʲôˣɵ˿ҲҪ飿
½֮һ굽ͷĺ˿Ҳٰѵȱһţ
ϵͳֱ׳ȻˣⱾ߶ûУ˿ѵõĸˬ㰡
л߰Ը̣ͷߵˬ׽͸
ûʲôϵͳѾһ֮չ׷ףȡԷŵĺ˿³֮Ϳ԰ĵȥõˣҪʲô
ϵͳ˷ˣиָĸŶô
лĵ׵ٴθһʼϵͳ;ãһõĸǡкǿ
лûֳֻʵ𣿡
ϵͳһ£Żش𣺡ȻСҪһµ𣿡
лССشǷ˼룺£ʱ˵ɡ
ϵͳʶȤز˵
һжҹɫֻżĲ
лƱѽ췢»һ顣ط֣뵽ԼȻôš
л߷˸οԼʵҲûô߳
뿴½֮Ǹ黨ֵ񾭣ֻҪڡ׷ʱ򣬱ֵ΢ίһ㣬½ܷ֮ܿӦᷢڸ׵£½֮˿ˣӵԼĸףضʶܾ
ˣ˵ԼһʱΪɫԡ
ʱǸɴװûɡ
лޱ룺½֮Ļˡ
лҪ˵Ц֮̽պĥ̫ʱ䣬лʦֻ᲻ﲻ
½֮ٴСȻĥҵʱ䣿


4 
ʱ½֮۾û𴲣ķųһ꣬һֻɫǳԵضԸʳ߶򣬶ˡ
ǵģŶʮ첻ڣȻҵĵҳԵˡ
άԼһ޶ĵλ½֮Ÿ˵չһֽšȻ֣ԭðڴмĳͷѾȥˡ˯һߵлֻðǽ
½֮ûھΣ²ſͷϣл˯ģ
˯ʱлߣƽܲһ
ƽǴЦ羲ӲΪҲΪκ¶ϲɫԶƽ壬ԶݡԼǰ΢ҲҪһ㡰ֳļơ
˯Ժлߣ½ֻ֮뵽һ֣ĺܡԡеĳأ˯糱ˮȥˣԳһ
ļȴҪǵʵʵİԼһţҪһţ޲Ҳƿ϶ôһ϶½֮ҲֻһŲ
½֮һʼֻ볰ЦһСһ˯ˣܿ죬еͷƫˡ
ǲֱˣ۽޺Ҳ˵㡣
Щ˰ļһ۶ϹİɣԱʲôÿˡ
ͷһ½֮û̫¡л۽΢΢֪˿ˣͻȻһȡһɫһлߵıӡ
лУоǶһ˸磬ʱѹ
͵ۣӣ۽ǻŵỨʲô
½֮ѽպãһǻڴߣë紵ˡ˵ڸѡ
лߴǷⶼʢˣôڻ𣿡
½֮ڴͷס۵׵飺֮Ʒ෱࣬ʱҲְ
Ҳ峿лԺʱ½֮ŲôĿŵغŪ
һл߲ŴŹǷûָۣ壬Ѿһһࡣ
л̧ۣɫȻȴһ˿Ц⣺үôԣ
½֮СǶ׽ˣҲ˵ʲôϷΣڵЩС£ˡ
½֮ɫƽҪ䵭һ㣺ջҪȥ𣿡
л߾ͶˣŶҽڼ
½֮һҲ⣬ֻһʣ۾ȴһֱлϡ
˵ժǡֻʮ죬·;ķѵʱ䣬ȣժǻ֮ϯܣһߣ˵Ҳ÷ֱ¡
л߽ϣţҪȥ顣
ֻ߼죬λʦֵСʦܹ˽ѵͰ黹ȥһ߾£лµλСʦѾȪ¡ˡ
䣬лߴ½֮Ͽ˹ȥ´Ժľߴˮϴ
ܶһܽϰԼ֡
л߻ݣͿղŻȣ޲óȥè׷ĳˣѾɻ˴ϣл߹ȥþˮë½֮䣺ι
½֮ѹŻʲô
ֲȥ󣡸˯
лߵһ½֮Ŷҵʱһȥ

峿ƣּߵþˣ·ɫ΢΢һЩ΢ʪĿľ㣬Ƣ
ϵͳȿ˵㻹ǵãǵѾʼˣһ׷𣿡
ȷʵûлɫǵð
˵л߻Ǿһ£ƽժǻҲһȥѵһ׷𣿡
ϵͳǳòһ˵ǶֽɫΪԱͨǵ񿼺ء
аɡл߷ˣûʲôԸҲοһ£
ΪǴĶô๥ԡǰû׷𣿡
л룬ǳ϶ûС
ǰӣδϲ˭
ϵͳͲܲοһ±׷ķʽ𣿣
ֻлϵͳͲûаĽߡ
лϸһ¡Ǹǳˣͨ˵˭øУܺܿ췢֣Ȼ󲻶ɫ룬Ѻ鷳ɱʱڡ
лҲû뵽Ȼڵһͱסˣһ·˼Ÿҵͷ͵˻ĵط
ֵصĵӻһλſϿ顣֪Ϊʲô̧ͷлߣܵ˼ľţæҵؽڿǱյ
л߱ҲûǱ飬ȴΪĶʶɨһ̵ֻۣķ棬дŵһ赡֡
ллʦ֡죬ɫȣͰ͵ؽ͵ǣ³ĻӣѰģҾ㷭
лûȥϸΪʲô֣˼صͷӰ

л߽黹ˣתȥ˳
½´磬һ˽µЦϣС쵰ճأվȻûдˣ粽
леΣʦ˵Цˡ
½֮Ҳˣ¡
½ɫɢںڵķһ񣺡Сǣ²˵ɣʲô£
лǣ½Ϊͽʮꡣл߲Ǹ溢ӣδܽܵ޾ϸĹػ½Ҳϸĳദ̲Ҳ⣬
ͽû±ʦʦֻʦҪԸߡлЦӦһ½վãȻظӣͽƿһֱҲûͷǲǸóȥߡ
ͷ½᰾Ͳµʲôˣ¶һܲˡı飺͹ɡ֪ģʮˣ֪ģΪء
лЦⲻ䣺ʦԼȥʶһӢţ֮ʲôϵ
½᰷˸ۣ粻ߣƫƫһ˵ȥͽҪȥȻûϵҪɣȥҲУ˭Ҳ˭һ𡣡
л߱һҭֻóϣȷʵЩġ
ʱʱ̶̿ðѺ˩ǰˡȥҲûгڷֿľֻ²̫һ
½֮ͻ龵ڵʱ½᰷޾ͺ˵ϣʮٲμժǻᣬʱ½֮Ҳͬġһǰۿժǻ쿪ˣȴͻȻ⣬̬ȼ
л֪½֮Ը˵Ҳû׷ԭ򣬵Щ⡣
½ᰰڰ֣ɹɡǹܲˣ˭ȥ
лߺ½֮һض£½ҲûʲôҪġ
лȥԺ밲ֹƬ̣дĴ졣
Ⱦͷˮ߳һӡ½֮ΪƵüۣ½֮ϣϣͱ˳貵Ǻӡ
½ûͷ磬˵С쵰ĳ
еĹ̷£֪Ķ˵ģժǽҪһǡ
ʯĶϣеǸǿ󣬼ҲδسһšͨĴʯȻ棬Գ˵Ҳʲô¡ǣֻܿԼ³ˡ
ָϸ壬ȴɵؽһöӲʯǰ֮һֱãΪȱѳֵĵһֱе˳
½ȴҡҡͷߵⲻڵϡ
ֻһ䣬½ᰱת˻⣬Թ˼˵ƫİߣҿ԰ߣҲȶҺöˡôʲôʱŪö
˵½˵˵ţһͻȻһС쵰Ͱߣǲе㣬ţ
ʧЦû˵ֻרĸӡ
½漴ճֱ֣ԼҡҡͷҾðͦõģӦòܡ
лҪ˵½֮ȻẠ̇ճһ˯ɶö뵽ҶֻǺֵܡ


5 
磬ǳԷʱ򣬷壬ֻ
ûпˣϰ嶼غԺȥˣԴڹ̨˯Ƴ˽͵һͷѹ
òƽƽһɫ£ǸѰ֪ΪʲôƵһۿȥЩƲºͣ⽹⣬Ϊĳֵ˼֡
ۿӵ˹̨ǰƲŷӦæЦҪЩʲô
𣿡
Ƶͷȥ˷ûܣҪı𣬻㿴
ӿӵĻ̣ЩΪѣô𣿡
ǰаôġЩǸ⣬ƽЩһʱǵҪĸˡֻǵһ׷˵¡
ЩΪѣɾͶˡ
ŵⲻƳȥҪҸƼ
һǱˡ
ԼƼϱУƾ;ˣȻÿ׷˵ŶΣҹдıӡԵطˣǼŲ󣬵мλרŵ׫ҹӦǶģ
ġ˫赴ʮˡǲԸ⿴ƪأÿⱾˣٿ
ƳһҶüǰ³ġ˫赽֮ʶʮ꡷ճʱֱӦ󣬼Ӽӡأ౾
˵ÿڸȴһֱûдӦŤͷһλкЦɫӣ֪ʱѾʧȥЦݡ
ƲԾˣô
¿ˮҿö౾ϣдš˫赡֡˫ǡ
ƻΪʲôأֵǳ˫½֮л
ʩ䣬򻰱ӵлߣ
͵ػڲλʦܴæʱɨǸ赡֡λʦܵʱĻҽţҲȫܽͨˡ
ǣѰġ
ֻ֪λʦñ½֮ĹϵЩű߼ʵĲ²⣬˼ΣЧԾӰбҲͲˡֻСԼһҲûʲôӰ졣
ȫû뵽澹ȻΪǵĻӣͦţ
ѧʦܶڿ
ˡ
лԼ侲ҪĻǸϽ飬뿪µĵط
лɨȥһϼû ˫Ҳûá赡Ĳӳ
ƱˮǺһ£ίȣҲǽ˫赵ģͦ²Ǻʺÿ
лһͷ¹ҰûʲôԵĵطǸĹ¡
Ĵҷɵ񣬸ĳֲõԤУƿһۣȻ͵ذˣ
̶һʱ䣬л߾ȻоƣߣҾӦò̫ϲ˫赣к޹ص𣿡
Щź̫ϧˣǳǻȦһңд˺ܶġ
лʵڲٴȥˣɴûưк޹صĻӣһݴߡ
ȥ½֮ԺĵСӣҶл߻Թȥ㶼ˡ
л߿½֮ողǿԼǵġǾʶʮꡱЩֵֹĻ棬ȫһբܵӶǡ
ǳû½֮ĵûзˣУϻԼ˯ȥ

½֮лܶռһⱾǸö׵ҹϳĻ
ȥˡ˫赡ǲ١лַ˼ͿȥˡЩްҲȫȤϵͳƺЩºܸȤԸҪȫ꣬濿׵Ƭժл
ϵͳԺ鲢ïضţ裡ŻվԺǰˮϵشջ䣬ˣȴʼûг񻨰һһƬƬ㣡
ǽ´̼лߣڴϣɫһº͵ļޣϼٻɡ˪Ҫ˵ڴܻ͵ˡ
ϵͳһٴαϣֶ߼ֱǸܾǸʿ˼ҿŻ
лߡǺǡЦһŻȻԼվʲô
ϵͳֱˣΪ˲ʿŴȹ˼Ϊ˱ʾǸ⣡㵽ûǰڰ
ûҪл߳Ͽҵֻ֪ҪǷǵϼٻվڴ½֮㻹ǰͻǰĻ᳡ɡ
лҪ˵ƻС־𣿳¹ߡcpŶ
лߣǺǡûзˡ
½֮ǣʲôϵ


6 
һһͳƬ̡
ϵͳźܲԸдĺܸˣ㰴ĻһԸ߷ͨġ
л߷ǳǫ飺Ͱǵͨ׼
ϵͳʧ䣬òǱġǰ׷ң׷㣬ȫ̶ܡġŰȥӡ
ڶ糿ϵͳԭظֺ͵⣺ȥͬ鿪̸һ£һӺʺ㡣
лѾϵͳжϱκϣˡѾˣϵͳϲЩ͹ѪֲʵʵŶΡ
ʲôͻΪܶӭѪ̻֡ûߵķɴףڴ㰮һÿһͻлߡص᳡ĵߡ
ңл߷ĵΪôˣҲΪĽ½ֻ֮в
Ѿʼ˼ھͿʼװвʱ˳ľٶ
½֮ʲôأΪʲôҪеľţ
ϵͳƺĲΪȻһ˵ģҪǲ壬ô㣬ɾûˡ
޴࣬׼ǰĻ᳡ɣ
лһ׼żһ΢Ц뽲
ϵͳأϣһٶỰˣ׷˵·ܽһ·ˮܣ
ϵͳͳǸемңأһˡ֪һֻ׷ԶƯ衢Ϊ˭񣡡
л߰λ½֮ϵһ𣬾úô˼ʲôģǲǴƵˣ
ѽҪЩϸڣϵͳܹˣ´ѡһҪҸϸģлüǣֻܽԼԵ硭
л߷Ѿƹˤˣľش˵˻
ˡȫ֪ȤΪ֮Ŀˣʲôüƽϵأ
ϵͳǾ仰Ĭ飬ƽͣһ֮ĬĬչӵ޾ϸ΢ڴﵽ뿪ͻ˳λĿġ
лһۣ˵ʲô㵱ʱ˵ַʽԱ
Ȼ𣡡ϵͳڣԱģֻruaˮʶȦ
л˼Աǽѧˮܣ͸ĵذιʮ֮û˿ࡣ
ϵͳɡҲô⡣
л̲סпһ䣺𰡡
죡ϵͳΪ¶࣡Ҹѡô·ߣϲԩңֱ׷ղŰһǾ䣿㶼ߣһȥӰ࣡ͬ鳰Ц
֮ѡģΣ͵׷ʽѾ㿪ˡҪٲԸ⣬ҾͰͻػ᳡
ܺáϵͳ˵Ϊ˰綨Ա͡ܡ֮ҸⱾһѡľ̲ģΪƶһϸַֻҪĲһһհͰظףһ񣡡
һÿ糿ңԶɽȣΪժһû˯ѵʱķǰϵͳʼ鲢ï飬֪Ӻʱÿ򿪷ţܿһ¶Ļ䡣ͻûκκۼ֪⻨˭ģĽ޺Ϳķҷɫ𽥱ɡĿǻе㣬˷Ļƿ
ÿοǻ̲ס²⣬˭ڰĬĬعעϲŭ֡ö֮ϰÿ峿Ļ䣬ҲϰǸͻˡһ죬ͻȻûг֣ΪԼ⣬ȴһ춼
лڴϣûжԺнƣֻҺ½֮
ǰŸշŹȥ½֮Żˡ
ϵͳʵĵǾͷŵԺſȥˡ½֮ϲʲô
лһ¡½֮ͬѧȰ޺ͱԻݰȫûб¶κϲáӲҪռǿжϣǣĵ

½֮ͬѧŷƻͨΪȷ½֮Ժŵĵһ۾Ϳ컹ûϵͳʹߴлȥժ
ڳѧڣһȡ
л߱ڵ޻ϵͳੲݣժҪϸѡ¶顱ܺˮˣл߻һܿ˼һӡ
ò׸½֮֮ǰժˣųӣԺſڡ
ϵͳһܾȣܸж
лǺǡһû˵

峿½֮һֹԼĪлҲˣȥԺš
еɥҲ֪ôˣͻȻͱúܱ꣬Լȥ˯ˡ
Ŵ򿪡
½֮ͷ˼֧ĵ
⻨Ȼ峿ժģ걥滹¶顣һ;

ȷ½֮Ѿˣл߲ƿš
½֮Ժǰضš
ϵͳٴһڲ²⣬˭ڰĬĬعעϲŭ֡
лߵ½̧֮ͷ˵ߣ֪ĸɵӰժĵſˡǽĵƬɣ
лɫľɲҰɡ
лҪ˵ΪѡĿʱ䲻ǺܺãΪ˰񵥣Ҫģպ֡ԱԲΪҶС


7 
½֮һʮĵƬʮһ죬ڳˡϵҲĲˣţǷһţǵ·Ļ߽ԱߵĲݴԡ
ʲôƿ˼ˣȫڡлûʶſڵġ𿴿˭ŵˡ
ϵͳһꪳɳ˼졣Ǿѡͻȥֻͬл߰ѡ½ܻ֮ϲĻˡ½ܻ֮ԵĻϾֻһ۾ӵҲ̫˷ˡ
ϵͳܿģڶҪץסһ˵ģҪץסθ
һлѾ൱λˣϵͳǿȣһԼβҪҪҪʽУ˼дľͺܺã㿴£һܴδξһ𣬵ÿϳҹ
ϵͳԼĻ룺½֮¸ϲҲҪ׼͹ȥһʱͻ㣬ϰ˻ؼҳҹЧžҸ㣡
л߷
½֮Ҹ㣿δҲ̫ˡ
ҵǲÿҹ
ÿ춼ֻǸĸʱˡ
л߿ĳԷˣüۼӹһ˿ǣҼǵԭֻϳԣ᲻ɲ
л룺½֮Ҳûùԭ͡ţķɲɡ
½֮֮󣬱㲻Ժ
Ȼ֮ǰԹôһͨȻǰ½ᰵĻȥˣǰһճк͹ʼĥսһ춼УǱߡ˳µƵϡ
ʵ֤л߶½֮˽ǳ̣½֮Ȼûı仯ڡÿʲôܳʲô߻ϼӲ͡ĿܿԼѾóˡôãһѵ̫ࡱ͡
ϵͳһ߰񣬷ϵͳЩνˮܡġСĻȻȫ޷½֮黨һ񾭣лҲһ
һΡЩ꣬˵Ĺϵ֮УٰŸɿġֳɫ̻¶ԼĽ½ܾ֮Լе̬½֮Ǹ൱ֱӴˣΪ˰Ľմմϲ෴͵˰Ľܻܿš
л߲ԸΪӰ쵽½֮顣
ɣϵͳİţȡ׷󡱵жһɹ̸ףܾ
Ȼ͵´û
ţֻҪֲϣʱˣ½֮ԼҲţ׵ֻһֵĻþˡ

Уڣ½֮˶ս
̨ϲϷ𵴲ͬĶսĬֱӣǺܾ֮ǰýؼеսֻƾײ
һԼڽսȱʵ½֮½ᰶԼҪϸѧжĽս֣ܾδضս͸Զͭ˿ɱȡ
ǰͬ½֮ɿܿһ̧ȥ
·˫ټһ塣½֮ʧȥƣڷ磬ֲ϶Щࡣокˮ˳Ŷ
ʮ꣬гֻʺԶ½֮óѡһıϽս
½֮ȴϡ
־ͬϵֻ֪һ͹ˡϵıǿ֣֮Ȼѡ˹һһؽĥͲȥĽơ㣬ҲӦȥֲ
ңõġΪǿһֱս
ժǡڲ׼Լ׳ɵĹءοߵг⣬ֻȥժǡ

ߵĻѾʧȥɫð
½֮Ĺ·˫ĳײһһ֣ͬʱС
½֮˶֪½֮ÿ̶ʱ뿪ΪлڼҵԷ
·˫ԼЩƣ֮ôҰ߲У
½֮򣬶úۣ治֪½֮ô˵ġ
½֮ҵ·һ£Ĺ߲㡣
·˫ЩŲõСӣлߵõʱľޡлһ಻õʵҲԼ³л߹г⡣
½֮Ը˵Ҳûٶ죬ͬȥˡ
У⣬ŵɫȹŮվµˡŮò̬󣬿½֮¶һϲЦݣߴڨʦָܵ½֮ߣ磡
½֮˵ͷ˲뿪
˿һòڣгѰʵõһĻ
ߵ˴½֮αװõƽʣ
СѾͷúܣ˵ҪˣǸ״һ׼û¡
½ݺ죺˵ҪԶšô㲻а
½֮Цһ뵽ңǸɣ
½ݺޱ飺˵߸ÿ϶ҹأҪȥ䷹ɣ
½֮˵ɣҪǮҪģ
½ݺ¶һЦݣôأҲҵֳһϢˡ
磡֮ǰдһ±ӣŵҽյϰ崫Ϣǰȥһ½ݺĺ˷ܣ۾ġȭͷֻǿʼԺһԽԽˣϲдıӡ
½֮ȫʲôֵø˵ģͬǸһʱϹȻǮдĵùȻô˿ΪʲôáҶüţд¹ߡ
ߡ˫赴ǱдʱЩЩȻ˵дġ˫赽ԡ½ݺһ߷ֽһ죬ҲȶȣԼҲдĹ£
½֮֮ǰɨһ۵ġᱼֳȰһ䣺£ֻҪϷ
½ݺһ̫ˣֻ޴ƽϡǿһӸ½֮ȥǸӣҲܣҪúÿҪμժǻķϣ޵ժǻ֮ǰдһƪ
½ݺЦ᣺ûпĻ߸һȥ䷹ģ԰ɣ
лҪ˵½֮Ҿд¹߾ͦõġ


8 
½֮ǹ⣬ƿԺţӯӯƻ̡ϰߵǸվС֪ʲô
һƣһͬˮһӿֱͦļ˲ŲӽȥоӲҪֻðԼͨһˤԺĳϣֻ뼫鳲ë޲ȫɢĴ
лߴСŵԼƯĲ軨㣺պͰݺһģ
½ݺ·Ѭ軨㣬ζڿȴã½֮ϣӦòŸոշֿ
½ۣ֮½֮˵ֻһ
л½֮Դſˣô밢ݺԶ
ʵ˵ԼæУȻԼҲ֪⻰л߲ţ½֮һ䣬ΪʲôҪֲǸġ
лεСǸңܸȥأ
ǵʱ½ݺ꣬ЩҲ½ݺÿ
ʵ½֮½ݺĸ鲢ֻǲ֪Ϊʲôһͼɹϴлż½ݺ½ݺ֣л߾ͽ˴ˡл߳ȥȡʳĵĹ½֮Ͱ˸ǿа½ݺԼԺӣ˼ҵıӴ˸ǳǳӵĽᣬ˩˴ͷϡ½ݺϧͷںڳ˷˿һֱ⵽ҹŽ꣬ҹŸ״лһֱЩǸ
ҹҹң֪ҡ½֮е㲻ˣǲˣ
仰һʼֻ˳ڶ˵꣬½֮ͱԼĲ²ˡ͵ؿлߣ㲻ﰡ
лߣ
лȥö
½֮ƺΪĬ£׷棬ੲݣ뿴Щȥ˳Ĵܣһмҵģ̸˵ʲôãȤû壡˷ʱ䣡
Ҹ¾͸ˣ鷳ֽǾȻкѵĥʱ䣿лûӦ½֮Խżʾ֭ûôȥߵĹǡ
ͻȻʶлӳƽҲԿɵŮӸչһЩʱ۾һǿһˮʵǼٵģ½ݺˣûѧ˵ѧ״װ֮ǰǸҽޣ˵ľôһԲϾִˣ
лƲϴζܺӡȻֽŵĵȡ˵Ժʯϡ
ܺ۰Ͱ͵شӳ׷Ժ˶ӱߣǵл߸𸴡
лɫƽվ棬ܷһЦ⣺鷳ٽܱǼү鷳𣿡
½֮Ҳ˼˵ˡ
лվ½֮ʱʮһѣ׷εڻĽҰ⣬ֻͷ񣬱һʱͻĵ˼˼ҡ
˵лߺһֱ֣½֮һֱǸְӵˣ׶ʾռ½֮ʱ½֮رÿл߽ӽоȫëҪըˣɫ󣬿ףʵ޲ðԼؽɪɪ֡
лߵʱΪܹʲôŰİеִԻֲ̿лһ
ϧˣͿʼ¶ˣҲԣǸҲжãӾжӣлȶԸ񲻴ˣÿ춼һٴܺӵĳ嶯ǿ鷳˼㣬һȱĶ
ȻлҲȷʵᡰ١
л߰Զ˵˼ǰȻñԼߣòiȻܿȥۼֺ꣬Цү̨ϻأҪǲԡɹܲȷҹȥʢ
½֮лһ仰ҭðлϨ˻ʢ£ŷ߷ίطҵ鷳ҲûǨҰҡҸңѵҲܴ˼𣿡
ǿɲô۸˵ˣǴ㣬½֮ƺ԰һԹأĵؿлߣĵõֵܣ˵㰤ǻá
лǷˣھָģû˵ҪҸ¡
½ֱ֮壬أ
лҲ˭ң˰ɣ
½֮ڷ¶һοЦݣ̸˵ȫаٺһ˵鰮ǲħҵǶŨִ¼ɣҲⵢС
ߡ½֮лߣߵǹ⾡۵ףӳһ˫Ǻӣ˵Ҫһ԰ɣ
л̲סһ䣺Ҫҷأ
һа½֮Ҳ֪ģûûΣƶ쳣ܿ־زһ䣬ֻҪһ쵽ҵ¡
лߣԷɡ
ҲȰһ쵽۸ãʲôʱһ쵽ҵˡ
½֮ϴлӸһɫӡ
½֮ӹǸӣشһʲô
ϵͳνġΪһΣע㱥İ⣡ǲѷֿҲʱʱ̿㣡ᵽǣң
лƽҴһժǻ£ֲ٣Ϊ˸СһеáϵŰɡ
е󡣡½֮еϵˣ֪֪һСĵġ
лҪ˵֮ίҲǸ


9 
ֶϱޣժǱ޾ڣ볯ڵ޸ããȥδ̫˱ۡ
ؽϷɵʱϻۣͣסڳǵĲҵϣֻסˡ
˴γѧμժǻ˲٣Ҫлȥֵģеĳϣ۱Եòɿˣٲ˵˼һ䷿
ԭôҲֲ½֮⻰Ȼ밢סһ䡣
ַλʦԸãԱ㼷۵⻹˵İɣǿģҲһ
лԭҲûЩ¡Դȥһ֪⳯ﵽĻЩɫĲӣҲ֪˿˴ȤЩڡ
½֮㵽ʱҪ˱ԣ·ϻǺúϢμժǻʦֵסһͺá
½֮浹Ǻܶ˼ӣüһܵ˸˼
л˿ƿƽºͺƢʲôܽͣʵܲϰ̫ӽ֮ǰһγȥħһ˱ɽеĽӶ򲻿ֻܼһɽ˯лʱÿڶҹ
߲ͨʳ˯ߣվƣ
˶Ϊлϰչ˱ˣ޲ڡΨ½֪֮л˯š
ȥлߣҹˣǿ񱧺һ§ڻһҲҪϺþãл߲ܱ˯һǶԴһЩ̾ͻᾯѹƽڼԺˣȫ
л˼һݣֵذš
һ֪𣿡ǵл֮ǰ鷳֪ô˵棬л߲ӣû鷳
лߣ
һλʦܼղ̫ԣæȰʵ乻ģֻ䷿Ҫͬס½ʦлʦָסһá
ַʦȴûȰ꣬ͽöдŷŵƶ˳ȥҪܻݳȥæأ
½֮ӹӣҲû˵һѳסлߵתߡлִ߲֮䣬ֻüͷԱǴŵļλͬЦЦɫԴǸ⡣
ʦѧʱȽûôӴֻ½֮֮ӣĿ޳ۿҲȷʵƢá
лʦҲǺ⣬úϢ
ոյĳʦЩʵ½ʦֲлʦִܰɣ
Ȼлʦ½֮ΪӦҲһ;ãлʦ˹ˣֻ֧Ҳõġֲˣ϶ᱻ۸ɣ
Ȼ˸ۡ
֪ʱҲлһӣ½֮С쵰һ𣬹Ǹù࣬ٲֱǰͺüͬһȥб½֮лߡ
ѭҵǸʳ̻꣬Ѿħаޣɱȴǰķɽûʲôɱֻܽʮ죬޷ϵĽӶ򲻿ֵεδһֱ꣬߰˸ˣֻüһСɽȴȻɢ
л߾ﲻȫҪҹ
һҹлһֱҲǸ£ĳȰл߻ȥ˯һԼֵҹߵڣͿ˾˵һĻ
ҹ꾹Ȼͣˣѵ¹սӳһƬס
¹£½֮ϯضɽڡɽڰ͹ƽֺܳʪȻò£֪Բôλƽʳ϶ҪεĴүȴؿ棬һҲΪﻹһˡ
лǸСӣ½֮ϣƽȣȻ˯ˡ
Ȼһûü½֮ѾתͷŨŨľŭ⣬ӲȻ̲סһ
Ȼ뵽ֳ˳顣
ʲô̸ֲ֪˵ô
Ƴһ磬ЩʦܣȥһƣǷֿסҸ˵л߲κ£϶ᱻ½֮ɸӡ
⣬λԴл֣߳ӾûתСᣬѵЩģǲᣬֻ˵⳯лߵĲȵ½֮١
ǣܱΪлǲ½֮ҽȻ׷ĽҲ֮
壬⳯½֮ʾȻ󲿷ֻȥ˸źҲûʲôϣͬлϣ˸ȥл𣿡
Ȼĳ½֮Ƣɲлôá
ãжӥ
ʦʱһ£˼лʦ½ʦǡ
ȻСĽ֮ģ͵֪ԷȻǺܲңҲȱ½֮乭ɸǿûȥ򱾡˫赽֮ʶʮ꡷ǿ֤඼¡˼ͬѹ÷ʮĽ飬ˣ

л߲֪˿½֮ġ֮ʰ䡣
ӲֻһŴסҲ㼷
лֻЩΣֻʣ½֮νˣ˵ڴϵ½֮һ£ûء
½֮ض㿪лߵһš
л߿һ½ֻ֮࣬һ壺Ҹأô
лߵȻں½֮ǲϵͳҪʼˡ
Īӳл߿ٸ仨
½֮½ӱϵµһöϣײģҴˡ
˼ء
Ҳ˸ϼ䣬ôüһš͸ˡҴ棬㲻Ū紵ɹģɫ𣿡
ֻҪϾСл߰ѽֶҳȥĪʸ£ʰˡ׼͵죬߶Ҫˣ֪𣿡
лҪ˵ʵֻ֨Ϊòײź˯ţһˣ
λǽС֮֨ౡҲˣСӡʲôǷֻ֨ëеɶѰ


10 
ѧеķס۵ϲ㡣
лһĺӣߵĪӵķǰ泳¡
ȥȥׯˣ
лţӦƿ󣬷ȻüˡۻûüأеķѾܺ˾֡Ҵ׼ȹʮ졣
ȥɨһۣͶ뵽һֵƾ֣ȣȫƽ֣ɷǵʦģ
лҲϰⳡˡѵȡְ˲ˮСµĲ裬һϡ
ȲɢǱҲպýһ֡
ĪֱߵĲյԼɵûаһԼרĵͽܣ
ڷܺѧʴϻۣˣرģΪɶͽҾղأ
лߵ飺߹ʲô𣿡
лڳǰԵѣЩҲ磬ЦѧŴ˴ժǻᣬӼҲҪˡλٽ̫أʮԾһ岮̳Сѩǹĳ£ٴˣѧЩ档
˱Ц½СӴ鱨ˡ
ʵѧķǲǺͬڲμӱǰֹעֵһֲ̫ı仯ǰ˽δжЧ㲻ÿĶֶϤģ֮ǰ׼ĹΣ³ˡ
Ҷϲߡ
ټҲ֪½֮׼ִ٣ҪڿƯ֮ãҲĵغܣһºˡ
Īӿ˿ǵģظһ³룬֪ѩŵ
ѩڱ޵ؽļ֮ããѩԭ֮ϣȥ˳ͬѩǣѩл߰ձ˵ظһ飬ֽŵҲ˵һǧǰѩС硯ħ֮սʱͻȻħΧʱӼҵ֧Ԯٴʣµıȴϳ룬ǰչˣսסԮϻͬѪܹΪʱսĽʿΪѪǡֹڲʹѪȣ˱ѩġѩ֡
ˡĪӷ²豭һ죬Ӽáޱȣߵıһǰ۲·ӡӺʮܼ̳ѩǹԲС˵ľһٲ⣬֮ʤԸߣǵϡ
ĪӶл¶һǶЦݡ
лߵͷˣÿһ䶼ϸĵؼ¡
ˣƼҲҪȥˡʱĪʲôͻȻüɫ̫ãǲ죬Ǽɻ䣬½СƼԶ㡣
лһƼң
˽Ϊ죬Ƶ˼ҲҪ̫࣬˵ƼңֻһˣҲ˵ǡƼҡ
ħ壬ǶǴõȾǶħ
ǧǰսҲϣɴʢаħƵгһλѼħʬҰ
ţ˽۹Ϊףħ֮սسջħնɱħڽ¡ŵƾΪõһˡ֮ʽ¸أȻǧ
֮ڽӵ֮£Ƴޡ׷ϵʮλ죬ʮǳأֲޣӴԺͣ´Ρ
һǧȥ½һЩ̫£ȻƼһңƿ֮£ҲԸƳЩӣʮǹͬƳǿʢȥѲˡ
ƼأҲδʲôõĴţлЩĪӴ˿̵̬ȡ
Īûٶ˵
л뿪ĪӶ˿Ľ̲סһ˵ͷ˵ڵ·Ҳߵò˳ûһ·ӣһ͸һǸ˹ˣѧԻ飬ʰ
ߣѧɣԱ˸ǺȻҪ·ӣβѧ֮뵶·ӲôֱȵǸ𣿡
һֱĬ̲ס˸ۣе⻰ų˵ȥ᲻ᵶǡ
ÿ˼Ұ߲뻻ҪȻǱ߻ûأѧΪˡ
ĪӻЩģ߷ߵظп㲻ͽܣҲʲô𣿺α߶ҪռأҲϷûиƯӣ

½֮ϲɻлǰ˻治ţĥĥ˻ʰ
ͷаϲѬ㡣ˣӸ䣬вʶҰߡ
һһúˣʱ䲻֪ȥã۶һˣл߻ûҲ֪ȥʲôˣҪôã
½֮Ҳżȵҹʱ䣬ܻġ
½̱֮ڴϣͻȻ½ݺǸ

½ݺ֪ʱôдӵϲãͿʼΨһֳ½֮һʱ½ݺͷڴͷϣʹ˱½ݺץס˰ѱܾ½ݺӣ½ݺͻвȥҰ߲䷹״ķǳǳᡣ
һʼã½ݺдлߵ£½֮еȤ˳밢߸εյ£ָд½ݺ֪ʲô̼д¹صıӡ
ЩνġԼıӡ½֮ȫ˴û¡
һҲ뿴½ݺò踺أĥ
ˣһ⡣
½֮̾һ˵һҳ
һ˶һһ飬һݸ߹Ը壬Խӽ˵ۡ˾ǧټƵؽӽȳѡ
ʲô鰮ʱ
½֮һ²ۣһ󷭡
дˣΪ׷ˣÿ峿˵ǰһֲ¶棬ϣ˵Ĳ²㽡
½֮ûʶʲôΪ̫ɵȱˡŻŵ㿾ءÿж۵Ҫĸ˻еȥĥ˭ǰ˻
½֮һĿʮУܿͿˣΪϰĴڣÿ춼ʱҹԡ
˵ͷдûеʱȷʵǸҹĺʱ
Ȼˣֱһӣҽ͸ˣʱ
½֮ϵıˡ
лҪ˵л.ܳϲ.Ůѡ.
ûԾдġ
Ǹٵӡ


11 
лǸŵġϣ϶ڼô㣬½ֲ֮ϲǰõĵģлֻܽһϵĳ
ûƣҲûκζл߻Ϊ½֮ȥأһţͿ½֮ڴϣҲ֪ʲô
лŵĶ½֮ȴܵĪľţһ£͵תͷлߣ۾ɵԲǸոڴϴͷҲܳƣġ˿ȥҪ
лͬж½֮ۡգ̲סĵ̾˿ôˣ
һʧɫ·۱Ȼϴģ
ڰ֮У½֮ȻһƬ£ŷʲô˵ʲôӲ֪ίΪ½֮ȴඥʲôСֻʵؿһлߣл߲ûжһ˸ڣҸո˯һεʲôʲôֵ¡
л߽ƵȼЦԷǣˡ
˵ȥҲĺ֪ſΡ
л˳Ź⿴ȥ½֮ŵòᡣͨ죬һЩ˿ϣ۾ڰ׷ִãӳҹůɫ£־˵ɫ
ϧΨһܿһĻˣɫԴ߹ܡ
ле㵣ˣȥڴߣ½֮Ķͷ㲻𣿡
ƽ§˯Ҳеģ½֮ûʲôڣԣлߵԼûʲôǱ˴޼㡣һֻ̣ϣ½̵֮ʶһ̫һˣ
лµһЩȻһ㵶룬Ȼһ΢ȵð̵Ķͷϣ½֮оһǽӴƤһֱǡ
½֮ҲҶ˽ӲľͷΨģ޹ġ
ŵԼ֮ǰõ̽Ͱ͵ߣ㣬Щˣʱ˰ɣ
лʶشûҿʱġ
ŸյʱϵͳͿʼƴˡĹʱϵͳõݸը
½֮ɫ΢䣬ۣȥʪģãȻ޴̡
л½֮ȴһֱЩίʵ½֮¡лȫûʲôɡѾʼ룬뿪ʱ½֮һ糣ô̵ʱ䣬ʲô£
еһʲôգѾٳˡ
л߿½֮ͨͻȻһһ˲ӣ߻ħ˰ɣ
л߼߻ħף֮ǰǿϽܶħˣ֮г˲ӣֻ󣬶ΪΣʲôΣȴ˵ʵ֮㻹ǵʲô𣿡
½֮Ǻ죬лһۣɿҡͷǲˡ
л߶ʱסˣվٵȥǹ
½֮æסлߵ䡣֪Լû£ҲһȺ˽ΧԼãֻǿŴ˯һܿͺˡ
߻ħǼǳ˽ˣû̫οݵ£ÿʿܶһһǿ϶ģԷûзԼ߻ħˣԲܲ롣
лߵĺ˲ͳһ㱡亹
лߵĶλʵڱ½֮ǿ̫ˡɫֻ˺üȣ庢һҽ棬֮һ㣬òã
½֮Ͱ͵̧ͷҽܲ𣿡
ϵͳȻҪ󡾲ܡлҲں˵ʲôˣֻ˼֡
ʶʱ½֮졣ôʲôʱ½֮ϳķ
̫ˡ
л¶еװȥˣǿЦЦ㲻ȥġʲôʲôòãҺܿͻ
½֮Ҳֱ
ҲϣʱҹǸдģȻ𣿰ģİĽ
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ʵƽлǵ㲻й¶½֮κע⡣˿̣½֮еעлϡȻز׽лЦµĿɬǿ룺Ҳϳԣô
½֮ɫأ·ʲôشЭһ㣺һǳ԰ɡ
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½֮ᰮ㣬ǿ㣬ر֣ɤֲ̫ã˵ԶµġΪԸһԱȻܵлƽ̫
½֮ȰȥĻߣ˻ȥ
ǿĻ
½֮ɵصͷáҵ㡣
лʵȥžͿʼܡڷǴҹûɢȥÿţӣҷ̫֮ԣ
лأС̩ɽǰ治ɫǱʣ˿ǲҰ׵ģʱŻһˡ
Ҳˣ̽ӭʷʲô
л߽ϸһ飬صˡɫͨ졢ãΪлɤӣ˵ϡǽȥġ
˶һɫ֣ȷʵ񡣡
߻ħ˴ǳɣвϽ˽ͬһҲò׹Է
л룺ҸոһĶͷûܡ
ֻǿȥܲڡ
Īӣϵͬһ㣬Ȼ㡣ǾͲһˡ
֮ǿ᲻ժǻѹ̫ˣ᯷лߣ֪ΪʲôͻȻ⣬ǵȥμ𣿡
лҡͷǳԼûһ£Ҳ֪˵Ҳûʡ
߻ħ£дСԤϣء
Ȼ˵˲ãǽҹ㲻ܹȥ̼ĪӰοлһȻȥûе˼ӦòôءȻȥʲôҪ󣬲ֵģ˳ҲҪֵ̫һԼҪСġһ磬ҽڹȥ
лҪ˵ˣûһƵϡ


12 
лߴҴææ뿪½֮ع񣬲ź֪ط֣Ǹӣڴࡣֻı죬ס˴롣
һӦûɣ
½֮սľؽź֪ظоԣϸӦǰ߱ȽϿİ˵˭Ҳҵ£úУһȴûԣ԰Ľң桰ˮʯһס
ΪǿʯͷӦֱ׳ֱӰˤϣҸ͡ͲҲҪս죬ٱպ׼ÿîʱЩ߰ġ
Ϊʲôôأ
½֮Դӵóˡ߿ܰĽҡۺ󣬾ʹһǰһзת´һȫûʵе״̬
ֱڣ侲һЩܿΪԼġҰ¹ײҵһʵɡ
дģҲܲġ
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˵϶Ϊ鲻˳Ѱٻȴδ˵˭ΪҲĵ£벻ġΧ˽⣬ô£ֻ˵Ȼ֮ǰѰ˾ȱʦɰˡ
ҰദҲȫⱾһµġ
˵ͷһͶԲϡ
ȻԼʮһʱòҲţӦò̫ܶʮһһɡ
Ұ֮ǰҲȫǻ˳ԸһЩĿѣܵģѰԲ
ܵôˣ˭涨Ͳܵˣ
廯κкֽܶķʽҲͱ˸ϲãԭôҪΨżʱŻԭΣԸ趨ϰסֲż
ȵȣѵ߹ҲҳԿ㣬ϣż𣿣
½ֵ֮߬µıӣԼеţողȥӿˡ˴ܵߣ˹˹˺ü衣
аʵϸ˵һûżڡҵԭҲð߿ǵõ£ϳֻңҲ̫ˡ
ԣûżѽ
ǲżô죬᲻ʧ
½֮һѣԼҲ֪ԼЩʲôӱ֮ǰΡ
л߻ʱ򣬾Ϳ½֮Žվڵϣԭö˶˰ϵĲ˿̱ڵϣǶˤˣҲ˲١
лԭţ½ֻ֮˸جΣôʱ䣬Ѿƽˡ˿ϣˣǱ˸ȣ޵׹ȥȴװƽһ˵Կ𣿰Ӱںá
½֮ƽһΣлĿ㣬ʳ֮ζľؽ˼£ŵĴƬһ£ͻȻ˿ӡ
л߿һæԼ£ʵһֱߵĶʵôˣó𣿡
ѵǷŵࣿ
½֮Լðˣ֧֧ɤӲá
ʵʵúܡ֮ǰл棬ϳԣлֲ࣬յĿζȥ˿㣬ճڣɤӡգлߴž׼ʰˡ
½֮ѿڶǾ仰󣬾ٴеؿлߡ
л߿½֮ͻȻ뵽˵ġ߻ħ֮Ϊ̬ȷ޳ʵΪĵĻɺͲЦǾͷŰɡ
½֮л߲һͬʱ־ò˷лߵ⣬˿ӣҵ˼ǣ´αˡ
Ȼ޳
Ǿġ籾ú˵⻰ȴͻȻɱˡ֮ķ޳½֮һһԣֱСѡ
лҲ֪Ϊʲôŵģͷࡣɴеֽʣ½֮Է
ʵ֮ˣ߻ħˣҲʲôµ°ɡ
½֮оߣԽԽӲӶԼԼȣһʱûע⣬ͰѶɤʱᶼǺһ㡣æҵ뵹ˮȴֲձȥˡ
лһʱûסЦ
½֮Ͱֱؿ
̫ˣҲŲҪż
лһЦһߺоȡһöڼ½֮°ȥ
½֮ǿڱȪſϡ
лȥ½֮߰Ĵ̣ſˡ˾Ͱʰˣϴ˯
½֮͵ֱ壺ϣϴ˯
лаصľ֣ͷüȻأſŹҹ𣿻ҸСŮһ˨
л֪ܸ½̫֮ѹҲû½֮شֻԹϨ˵ƣɺá۾ƽһߵ˴ߡ
ȥ˯
л߼װԼ˯ˣ
½֪֮ϴڻݣԲô˯ţίն˯档
ȷʵǡле½֮ȶҹܳȥ
Ȼ˵Ҫŭ½֮ã½֮Ƣ̫˳ţԵÿ⡣
л߼½֮ںڰнһЭˡƵһߣȥ¡ⴲлŴ󣬾½֮пֽŷŹأ˻Ǿ׽Ǽ粢ż硣
½֮ظо˴ůҧҧ촽
߰ĽңǲǲúͰ˯һŴˡռ˰ߵıˣ
ƽϵĻҲܺͰסһӡҪÿͰ߹ˡ
½֮˼룬ͻȻԱߵ˳壬лϵϢ档½֮ʱһ飬ԭΣҪΪëըһȦ
л߸˱ӣ˵˯ŵʱ˷𣿡
Ȼô϶ǼٵģǸűӰɡ
½֮ҶԡһˣеĹǺͲ²ⶼһϢл̣ӶƮ˳ȥֻǵһ£ʣСŮ˭
л߸Ҵ˱ӣڷܵλϲ˯ӵŮ
½֮£ʶʲôŮô֪ʶôˣ
лֻΪԼһʱۣεֻǴʲôطһ䣬ʶ
һͼסˣ
ǵϲ˯ӣ
½֮ʱò̫㻹ǵӦң׼𣿡
лߣ
룺ƽͦĹİô½֮߻ħˣҪȥҹ£
ҼǵҼǵãζлŬԼڷǳʱڣ½֮š˸ۣû˯ľɡ
֪ģΪǵĵҺء
лҪ˵ôˣ֨Ľ㣬ôռأ


13 
ӣװ£лˡۣǳط֣Ȼ˯ԭ½֮ҲԹԵشһߡ˸ռһ޷
ʵǼϡ¡
˵Ϊʲôл˯࣬Ҫһα¡
˸տʼһŴ˯ʱлԾֳȻҪ˯࣬Էչ˵СѡǻãСȻ˯Եһ㣬Ͼ󣬻ܴջ
Сӭͳܿ쳤˻ʶĿ꣬˯Ҳͬն
л챻½֮ذҹӴϹȥ죬ͺԾذͷȥ档
࿿ǽˣ˴һǽ˯
лĶᣬ½֮û˯Ȼ̾ˡּһżװתѡ
½֮һҹû˯
۾ǻ֡ǣҶǡ˼Ȼˡĳȫ滻˰ߵòװЩͷɢۣ˾˯Աߣܿлߵÿһ۽ޡ
½֮϶ҶԼһСģ͹лߣ˸ðˡֱֽֽƣ̡
л߿ʱ򣬾ͷ˯һҹ½֮ȣЩƣ۽ǶһĨֵ΢졣
л΢ݣ²ȥˡ
лŸôƭȥ
վһλɫӵ꣬Ŷ㣬лһ۱㿴ռʦܣЦŴкʦ硣
ȻȰ棬ȥ˺ܾá½֮ȻĽ֮˶ƵˣҲмΪһ˽ģ˰µ¡¶ģӴл߱־룬ȥţҲնԼ롣
֪ͨѧˣƫƫֵһ㡣
۽ޣܿлߵӣлʦ硣Ǵţײòó˿ңҪÿճʱ飬λӻ̨ϴɽʦǰʱȥ
л֪Ƿ·ԱֵЩȣʵջ˵£
Ȼˣ̲סΪܶ˵˼仰ȸԾίҹѲӣץλʦơȥ󣬱㴫Ѷ
˵Ż洫Ų
лʶͷ΢΢ü
½֮ǺŽ׳ȻӣǸĲ˴үƢԡϰ䣬ÿҪԡ£·ܶѳɽ
½֮ѡ·ЩӲϵⷽҲûʲôģһʱû⣬ϵһš
лȴȻ෴Լأɾ࣬һĻͷǳܡ
û￴ֻǿлߡ
лƽһ޲޺ۣһ̶̣ˮͻȻ缤֮ܲǰôᣬΨⲨۣʻġ
л߶òصл𣬱ת½֮ȥ
΢٣⿴лߺȻؾס½֮죬һ߰ѿӸĹһѵСӶִ᷸
ǴĿ޳½֮ôԴԹԵرѵ
𳤳سһ뿪ˡ

ʵǸôһҲȫΪ½֮
ҹле㵣ģͣѲһȻץƵģ»ģдͶɡ
ѧڷɢÿյĹ֮⣬ѧ׼֣ϾһȥǼ¡
ЩѾ˽ҵʸȥμժǻѧҲͰˡϻһ·УźںµӣǱɢˣȥҲý
ÿյϰΡ
лһʼ½֮ԸȥѧȥҲйĹأ½֮һ֮Աǣ˷ʱ䡣˭֪½֮ϣÿȥҹŹ飬˵ǳŬùˡ
λʦ̨϶޵ع۲˺ü죬Ҳûʲô
½֮ȷʵһô˵ƽҲУʵڲ˼ҡ߻ħϡ
ĪֽΪʾ½֮˼У½֮ʱȶϢƽͣˣԼнڽļ
Ҳ̫Ѱ
᯷ȿ˽⼸ˣǷûֻںͰ߽Ӵʱ򣬱ֵزԾ
ôһ˵˽עŵ˵ദϣʱ΢֮
½֮˵Ըֵ൱ֻĬԣֻǶȤĻ⣬Ȥˣֵ൱䵭Ϥܵǰȴֱ̹ʡ
л߶ԣ˾֪ͷһݵĲһ㡣
˵½֮˭ڣֻĸĸãԶлߡ
⼸лͬһųлһ˵ԽȡһʣһļǹȥƽĶ½֮ȴһʱлߵ߻
᯷룬ԶĽѧ飬ôеʮĵС԰ˣ
ܿʹͷ
϶ˣôܣ
ĪͻȻһºӣ˵᲻СֱŤװ߻ħŻߣ
˶ʱ˻һôҲʮˣӦòôʲôɣ
ұϾҲǿ½֮ģϸ룬½֮ɳҲǲܡ
ҶǳҲ̫ò˼С֮ĶԹԹȷ½֮ûʲôΣգлߣǲδʲôӦг˲ӡ
лȴеܸо½֮кܴͬȻ˵߻ħпοüĵδɢ
Ȼϵ⣬Ӧþ޴󰭡ǲ֮ӦϵӣҪĪӵԼĺѧ޵ձ㵽𵺣ۻͣһ졣֮ȥתתɡ
СԼԼᣬѻ˵ͺ
лҲصУ½֮ڴǰҹĻ
룺֮ҲȷʵۣſʼԾġĪԣͷխ
л½֮Դע⵽½֮ĶĪ˵յ𵺣Ҫͣһգȥߣ
ǳѰûκοָժĵط
۵ٶȼ죬ʿһۣ׷ϡҶϱ˺ü죬տ϶ȥɢġ
½֮ȴ͵ء⡱һ
㣬𵺣Ǹ˵УһֻΪѳģ±ȥĶʥ
лҪ˵ǣǲϷ
лߣ½֮û


14 
ʱѾҹѰź˷䣬ֻס¡
Ϊ·Ůӻÿˣȥ֮ǰЦλɣϸպһһȵҹС䲻ǳذ㷱ҲмȤȤȥơ
˵⣬ݲվĵ̡𵺵ĴȻ˾֪֪ҹУΪƯƣˣʱһ
ȣ˵û£ԳȥеµδߵˣҲϵز
л߱û֣Ĺ򣬷½֮Ѿѡ
һ篽ƣڣȥμӸʲôһʢ䣬ҲԲųпٷ¸ģͷһ͵
л룺Ȼϱﻵˣ½֮Թҹ£ɴ᲻Ȥ
סڿԺӣߣüŹֵͬ˷ǵӰ
лΪһֵ壬ڶеĳߵλ˸̵ʶ
ǽסıԺΨһһɽϣԺţɽµľɫһš
λ𵺵Ĺʵ̫ǫˡ
ҹɽȴƻӳһƬʣ㷱ǣֻ˴ǺӣǳŻЦ˼䡣
ҹ֯طҹȣȻոŨŮŮʱʱǣ߹ۡ
ϲʣҹҲķ
½֮һӵС̯ǰͣȻһֻ㿴ɫһ㡱ģл߻ǺԾǮ׼
ֱСлվţкλӣɣ
лЦҡͷȷʵвͬеһϵű˴˵󣬵ֶĵطʲôͺˡ
½֮ҪĹϵ
СЦУҿ˼ʮĺˣû˵˭Ǽ˺˵ġ
½֮ѾɿˡֻСӲѡ񣬴˶Ҫľ۵ӶУл
˫΢УǲҪ
лҲЦžܾˣȷʵá
СҲǷǵֻǺѣҪò˼ǻҪȥɣԽߣԽǼʲôţɢġ
½֮ŲءؿһСקлߵ뿪ˡ
ûأԲܸİʾ
Сȥ̲ס̾˿
ͦǮˣôʱôţ
½֮뿪˺һĺëƽžԼոձֵغ̫ãǼŸлƲϵƵá͵͵лߵɫͼֲʱܼǾ֣ɢġ
л߸û£²ؿ;Ļơ
ĺܻ⡣
û߶Զֱˡ
һһСӡֺСϲȵһӣ涼ǻСѰˡ
Сһʼǳ½֮ȥģΪ½֮ȥʵڷǳǮߵǰһ½֮קקı飬һ£ʶת䣬ͣлǰ
лߵͷǸͷǶ᣺ô
СӴһ¡磬̫ÿˣȻߵĸҲƯǸ˵ĸоȫһͷò״ɫС磬㲻λƯ𣿡
һһ񣬶ֺģӣں۾رרעؿ
ôСҪҰ
л߸Ǯȡһ
СӸ³ɰ
ߵСϲȵҲߴߴ
л̿һһȥһͻԼǰߡ
илһһǶףúϡͷϡôǡ³ɡ
СӼǴ˰ɡ
лû룬½ָ֮ȴҪȥˡ
ʵ֪л򻨿ֻΪСһȵģֻֻװлߴӲСҪúˡ
ƫƫлѡһɫӡ
½֮ò˽ЩκһԻȰұ껹Ҫдá
ɫӵĺǰұ¶İ
½֮ŵ룺һһ˶࣬ô죿ﶼǺΪʲôպѡ篵Ĳϣܲ
Ҫȷˣס䣿ֺСӡ
½֮һ·ţżС̯ǰפ㣬۾ɨߣȴĲɡл߸պÿС̯ǹӣһļ򣺡ȿţȥԵġ
½֮վ˼̯ǰֻ򣬺ܿµĿΧз꣬ɴתȥлߡ
ͻȻһʵʡ
Ȼãβһأ
½֮ʶѭȥǸԵ̯ӡ
̯ʵڼªϯӣһţм䣬мһǩͲƶûУ֪ĻΪ˭ˣʱϢء
ңⲷ˵Ҳ̫Щ
ðײ۾ס˴½֮һۿ˵Ͷ༰ڣһڣδʡ
ȻҲʿܲʼףļûãųˣСүʵû˵
½֮ʵЩһŷĪ⣬ҡһ̣ʹؾ˹ȥ
ۣȴްһֱ½֮ߵǰǩɡ
½֮¾еˣ㲻Ҳʲô𣿡
͵Ц𵺣ֻһ¡
½֮ҲԼеɵȻϵ·רƭЩ鰮ɵӵǮе㱾µģ˭ײϳ֣һԣصԡ㣬իա
ˡֳһǩݸ棬ŸϽˡ
ȴûǩֻΪֱ
½֮ͷһۣǩϹȻдôһ֣ʱ
Ȼ˵ʫֱ⵺ĳʫдϣҲ̫Ū˰ɣ
½֮˵ѾڣǴŵЦ⣬ǺĳؼĶ⣺鵽ǩѳ
䲻ܵðĽ֮˵ģ֮ȥԴѷ֣ҲһԲˣ𣿡
½֮ʱɫһ鷭ǩͲ޻̸֮
лҪ˵ٵҡƽδ
֨ǲǵ£ܰǿǣ֡


15 
лڰӺֲԵġ
½֮󣬳ǹֻըģл߾͵һ½֮ڵ̯λҲ͸˲ףлҲû̫Ǳߡ
ǹӣתȴûϤӰ
ʵҲǹȥ˱̯λлȴʶͷһ
첽ǰһԱߴ
λƺΪһţβһأ
л߿Ҳûֱ̯λǰ߹̤̯ǰһأΧȺֵĵƻ𣬶·һ˲䵭ȥɫΨͬԺ֮С
ӽתԽѻɬһˣΪѰ֮Ϊ·ǰȴ޶أ
л͵ػͷװŪ
£Ļ͵ر紵ɢϯȥλðĻ꣬ٽʱȫ˱У
۵ȫûоΣյĽӽأԺЦԭأдϴδѪ⣬Ӱһ£ȥЦżһöҡζǩƼƮ޸֦ȴȥֻẦ˺
ͻȻһǴϻ棬ͽĻþ˺ѡ
·ʲôɫʣٴλصлߵĸ֪С
л߷վڽϣ½֮վ࣬һֻοͷɫǡ
лߴװǹӵĴӣȻһССֽѾɼƬеϧӲܳˡ
½֮ȴ·ʲôΣƷɿضȻؿлߣƭָ˵ʲôˣ
лߵûܻ䣬½֮Ҳûʲôñܻģֱ˵ƯΪǿڲҵĵطв˳Ȱ뿪ǡ
½֮һû˵ʲôѳ֮ģֲܿȻŭƭñٱ
лȴҡҡͷɫأ˲С
лʵҲԷİϷʵּª˼ڼ룬ֻҪԼ־ᶨΪţͲܵӰ졣
ףôħһ䡰־ᶨѵġĵĿɲ֮ڴĵãһ飬֪壬̲ס
ңл赭дȷʵƯ
ǰʮ꣬꣬ѽ룬ܾƯ֮ࡣֱ½֮
½֮ɫѿĹ
˹ǵзѡȻšл߳˳½֮ӣʾǰߣװŪ߾ټٲ˵֤ЩģȻ̲סȥЩٵġʵĶΪ棬ٵĲͼŵĶ
гġ˵дƯҲǼ棬˵г⣬ڳ£ҲšиԵĴ󡣡
ϵͳѵ½֮ദʱðŵֻζΪû뵽ʲô⣬ժǻʶӢţѰͻֻ֮ǽڡ㱾ֻǸҳˡ
лڻӦ˵˵
½֮һлߵӣʱ򣬺ظлߣƯҲǼٵġǲǵļ𣿡
лǹ˼֣֪
ʵ½֮ļҹл߸ûһߡ
һʼ֪½֮Ѱ˼ҳģֻҪﲻܣҪȥԵǶķ޳Ժſڣ½֮۾һʱл߾ʱˡ
ʱѾȶûȡʲô꣬Ҳ̫½֮ǰӱߵĽɫɼ¡
ϧίԼԸλͬӣҲ½֮ĸףͿʼȰӱҪԵҪԣٵɳչ
½֮Ѿذ˵ˡ
л߳Эǣ½һֹ֣סδĻ磬ʮ̺˵ģֱӴδȥɡ
Ȼô꣬˲ôף½֮
лע⵽½֮տʼͳƺΪƭӡʵҲˣ
ǳһǩ½֮ԼԵĳԣæֽһ䣬Ȼֻǿһ˶ûУ棡
½֮Ǹ󣬻ܲˣң㽫зˣѳ
½֮ĵ׻ǾЩأɴлֱ߳ߵĽʵ㰮Ľ˲ȥѡΪѳġ
лߣ
ʲô⡣
лԴӱ½֮߶߶׼ҵ¡ԾѾ˴˵ⱳĻش裬ǶɫһֻһҰĽˡ
½֮ɫԻҲûһ̸Щᡣ࿪ƹ谵ĽԿ۵׵ɫʵ֪ﰮĽһˣû취Ƶġ
лʱðһġ̲סһ½֮ǲԭװġ
ɲү˵Ļ½̬֮ѵӦǡĽ̿Ĵ˷ʱķʽ
ѳ£̫̫Цˡ½֮ͷлߵļ򣬡ĺϲ˭ҪϧԼ
ȵȡȻǩǺܻƿЦûлܾúﲻԣǩ˵ôҽΣ
½ֱ֮׳û˵˭ֲΪ
ʱл߰Ľ£ȻлߡʱŻô˵ܷҲˣ̯ӣֶǼˣתȥлߡ
лߣаɡ
ʵЩѵҾͺΪӣ
½֮ɿؿһۣԼ
лߣ
Ǻ˵˵Ҳؼƽ˵˭ˡ
½֮һֱ߶£رԣӶ̸˵һл߶Щˣ½֮ĸ첲һأرϲһˣѡΪѳ𣿡
½֮룺ɡ浽Ϊ˭ѳĳ̶ȣǾѳˡ
лߣֵܣһո˵Ļе˫𣿡
½֮һЦҸͲôϲһˡ
½֮߼ֱлԶԡ
뿪䣬պһ˱Ļǲ½֪֮۾ȵȣҵĻأ
лһĻ
½֮ȷлǻǸԼģһʱûģ˵©ˣֻӲɣʱС˵Ư硯ĻѵǸ𣿡
ϧѾлߵ黨ˡ
лСһû½֮Ư硣
лҪ˵ӣֻҪҵ˵뵽Լϣһ϶
½֮㾹Ȼ˵߻ѳ飿
лߣֻǸҳɡ
Ͳǣ۵һǸķɰΪʲôĻ
һ᲻ŰŰӦãǸ۵ĽУҲҪ֮ǰ趨ˣѾ˵ӰĶѼ󿴾ͺˡ
Сʹ飬뿴ԭ趨ҿԵʱӸƽ߷⣬ͰдҲҪһֱˣúСʹҲеɥ
֮ϣҶĿģҲдģ


16 
ľ۵ͥԺɫʯ̨ף·»գҲܸоָⷺĺ⡣
۾Ժڵʯϡԭţ¹ʤѩͬһȴͻȻǱע˻ǣʼ
ȵֿ죬ԺվŲ̴ӣȴһĻ޶ãֻԹԹվţ̬ǫΨԵһŮһ˿ģȴҲûҶ
аṲ̊СԺţչˣϵȴȱ˪
ֱǰһ仰˵ݺһ⣬ŵİ׽ˡ
궵ͷͰһ⣬ȴ߿ȱЦҲȥһƣλδı棬ȴ׹֣Ϊô
㡱ͬ૵ȴûڻ۵׵ĺ˪׹ϣ֪ҪΪŶˣ㲻Ҹһ⣬ܽˡ
Ӱ˳صͷǡ
ȴοԼС꣬Ҳǣ½ǣײײǰߣȴ׽ĵܵܣ۵лɬһתȹɨף֪ͺá
뿪ӰȡѾ¶һŹ࿡ʵݣ½֮ơ
Ѿϰ˲۾Ҫʱʱǿơ
ҹɫѾˣո˿ֱɣӦȥϢ붯
աˡ
˼
ӰϷȻףڴĦϣһ
˵ʸ߾Ŀ޳½֮ΪƻǸԹ޻ڵ֡лˡ
½֮ǣʱΪ½֮ڳ㣬ǶԷ缺½֮ôˣ鼫֡
վͳεŷǿΪ½֮չֳѵ츳ͼ־ˣҲһֱʮͻ龵ڣٳλӣ˺Ҳһֱʵѧڿ̿С
лߣҲеΪµ͵ۣת㳹׳ȥ˵ƽԸ̺ƣκξʾ֮Ȼڳ½֮޶ҷѡ
ô룬ҰĲĻ֮
Ƽ˿˼ܣðѿءӰһʼҲû̫ֻ˳һۣȴⷢ˾ϲ
õĻʵܼ򵥣ܻĵ׵ϡʲôʲô
½֮ǡ顱лǡ衱
½֮ǩȴǩһ̣ʱгѵõᶨлȴɴûǩͲһۣûȤӰҪ˵ʲôǱɱ
Ӱ̲ס˸ѹ½֮ϲòƵ
˼

˼˲û̫ܵӰ죬ڹ֡
½֮ο治Һл߷ֿˡǸװŪƭӣһ´Ǹ֣лߴ򲻹ô죿һһ§Żһָӣסлߵ
лεؿһۣ֪½֮ǵҲû
ҲûʲôĿģ˳Ⱥߣţ㵽һӡӿأƻҪ谵ܶ࣬ȴ㲻١صǣ˶ߣһɨȥʲôصĴͼᡣ
Сĵظǣز֣𵺣ûвȥ˵ġ
һξزǳл߱ʵʲôģ
СЦָԼ̯ϵߣȥһƾ֪ˡҶߣҪҪ
½֮ոպл߷ֿ֮ǰڿߣʱûüֱȤ
СѾؽϲһԣҴµġ
̯ϵ߶ֶеǰ棬еǽסӦоСģǴζĴ㣬бԧ졢Ŀ㡭
½֮һֻɫıߣָָ
Сˣϣ͸һԡ
½֮ȴΣʶɿָָ̯һɫģϲ
лȷʵϲǸ˻ıĿ㣬Цŵͷ
Се͹٣ѡһһġ
½֮Ųᱻ˵أնҪԣ
½֮лߵ˿ǣ֡
Сתӣ̲סԵ²ۣ˹ˣ⻹ͷһ¡СһһĿġ㣬ⲻ𣿡
ҡҡӣյһġ
˵ƻ谵˴ߣҲ𲻴Ǹָ̯Ӻ̣ÿҿⶼ
лһʼҲûϸֻŽɨ˼ۣġҩġƵġѵġлߵʱ룺𵺵ز໹ͦİ
½֮һҵС㷻Ӧϵġ㣬ȥֺһ£ʡ½ǣǾл߽ȥˡ
治̨Ҳֻǰ˼һȥҪ㣬㽫һ䵥᷿һλ곤Щʦǡ
лͷһ˿ɻҲʲô˽ܵ£ô˵
ʦЦλƽϲʲô㣿
Ȼǲȱõġ½֮ҲΪ˱ʾһԼ⣺زʲô㣿
ʦЩͷԣ㣬ز
½֮΢΢üȻЩûе㡣
ʦе㶮ˣ˿ˣЦԷǣ㣬ɸ㲻һǷ¯ȼġΪýΪڷֻ֣Ҫ죬ɼ㡣
½֮ʲôõģ㣬Ѭʲô
ȥĲȫء
֮ڣƽûζģֻ˽ܵĳϡԽǡƹͲţ˹ȥԽŨ
лԽԽԡ仰ٲǸɵˣ
뵽ģ𵺵زʲô
л̷סɵӣƹ˵˾䱧ǸͿʼ⳶ﲻʺǹ䣡
½֮ûôһ£ʣԽô
лʵڲǴＷߣ
Щ鷻ҩ·ĵ꣬ʱлб˱֮ħ֣½֮Ŀбӵ뿪
ӿڣӭȻ
Ȼߣסˡο½֮·ʵںбʶԡȻֵغ˵زʲô
½֮ȻҲ죬Դʲôûü򡣰߲֪ʲô£Ҫһȥ
л֪ӵ飬Ҳ֪Щ£һɬܻ䡣Ȼһ̹Ҳ֪ǲ飬ģҲ˵ʲôֻЦЩˣ֮Ȼȥˡ
Ȼڰ֣û£öҰǴ㡣
лһҭллĲˡ
лҪ˵ǲزʲô
ʵűϣоˡҪΪ֨ǰԸսڻԻͣڰ߸ٹ̵Ϊ֨ǲϲ˭ģ
ʵǷֻ֨ഺıȽѡ


17 
ȻڶŰݷõʱл߸պòڡ
Ժλֺ뻪ʤȻĲá
ССһԺӣשߣʯ̵أزģͬīˮСƫƫһʯ񻨣ȼȻͽ嵭Ļزʵɫ
½֮ڻȴͷʲôտԵ񻨻ҪĿ֡
Ȼּ˵ģ̲סĴ˼ġϽѹһ£ͬеǸʦܣԴӵ֪л½֮һԣһֱͷ˵
ɫɱ˰
ҿڲˣҪȻֱ
ԵһԺţ˽ȥһȦôлߣ
лҲһк
ȻǴγ֮󣬺˵Ĺϵġ
½֮Ҳûӭ̧̧°ͣʾԼҵطĪǳȥˡ
Ȼһüôˣ
ȻŴ֣죬ʵǸ˼ǳˣһ仰Ĺ򣬾Ͳ½֮Щ䡣ôˣһãһջǣֹ֣վֱŤˡ
Ȼ֪ǧҪ˼ҵ³ܡĽɣɸˣûסҪһ
½֮ƳȻһۣһʱԥ
ûй£żһҲֱӸл˵ȻҲѣǲħд裬̽Уû̸ġ
룬Ըֱ˵л߿ܰĽлһ㣬ֻ˾˵ֻǾãǲǶ԰߲ã
Щ죬˼ϰ£Ҳûйлʲôֻ֪лһֱͷд糿лٳǰһֽڰͷû¿ŷ֣һժǻϣǿֵ
ӹõʽԣٵγս̡
Ҳ֪ŷǵİ˶ãִӹַӵļУһЩѳдôһӡ
½֮ʲôһֱá뵽߿ϲͻȻһ㲻ζ
Ȼ½֮ȫϱʣͳķԣʱ˻һоеᡣ
Ȼҿԡ
ǹˡôȥΪڽ˾뵡ڣ˰ԭع飡
ͷĻͺ˵ˣ½֮Ŷһ峺ϴεͷһθоʲôͷ΢ɬҺ࣬ȴδΪʲôЩУʱ䶼ϡãϲôȴύһ˵ĹûС
Ȼ
˵лߺʶлͬһ
ֵܣҾǲǶҰʲô⣿
½֮ΪȻлû֪ĺѣ͵ġԼ˭Σ
ѧڣ˭л߹ϵ˵˭л߸һЩûС߳ȥ˺кҲʱʱŰݷãлߴӲȥ˭ҲӲȥżļԶУҲ½֮һ
½֮ϰദǨֻͣ밢߲õֵܣӦˣ˶ԶһźážãԼе˽
ȻҾðɣֲ֪齻Ϊɵӣͱ˼Ҳ˰ɣ
ڴ˽ⷽ棬лȻ½֮ǿȥʮֶֹֻ˵лʮĲǣûӴУһǳΨһĵӣ½֮ϵѣҲ֪в˿ȴʼմࡣ
лûܵˣͲΪûʱ;ȥӪѹͲ˺ð
˵ȻԼ䲻½֮ȣҲڡǰ;һģҲǳţΪ飬ǿнύļֵɣ⼸½֮ˣлߵĹϵȴڡǢѺã̲Ľ׶δת
лǵ͵ˮкͨѺףٽһǧˡ
½֮⹦˼ңȵĵԼ⣬ֻблߵķݶ
ڣл߶ĺð
뵽Ȼ̲ס°ͣĪл߾ϲ½֮ɵģ
½֮ȻûȥȻͷεȰ棬̾˿
ȻɴȻùȥãŬã𣿡
½֮еգһʱҲ벻ζáҲ֪ߺʲôᣬȱ
˼ҺãкֲܶͬʽҲҪǵʳסЩ氡ȻͻȻ뵽Լԭ⣬һҿ˿ȷûˣŴͳ飬½֮˵ֵܲ㰡
½֮ɨһۣ̣е½ݺϲĻʱüͷһ壺Щʲô
첻ߵüûüزȥʱ򣬿̯ʲֱӸ˼
ĶҲʺæ½֮Ҳͦ飬ϰҪ˼оġ
½֮û鿴ʲôزŸɴȥ½ݺˡ
ı̫мȻΪԼͶɹˣʱɱСЩΪа֪ЩάжôҪ𣡡
֮ǰ˵˼Һã㿴㣬Ȳ֪ԣС⣬΢ֻҲΪ㡣Ȼ˵ţԼе½֮żˡ÷ԼֵҲûʲôñܻģһѹס½֮ĲӣСֶԸҪ£Ӱ
½֮뻰ܶάʲôãѵ⻰רŽôάģ
Ȼһ¶뵽һ²⣬ʱһ㲻ûЩɣ֪ʲô𣿣
½֮Ȼӣ½ݺĹ塣е㶪һֱصغܺãл߶ߣȻȻʱȻҵȻ֪æУĶй顣˵ú𣿡
Ȼû֮ϵĻЩµҲͲµˣ˺ѷΣһҲ̫ˣ˭ܾأ
ȻֱˡҲл˦½֮ˡΪĿǰл߶½֮ȷʵ氮
ɣ½֮ļ򣺡֪֮ŬУл߳þõһ𣬵°ɣҲôϰϾһˣȻҲһеΣ񣡡
Ȼû뵽Լֻ͸زȻ䷢ʹܣǳأˣԼúɡ
лҪ˵֨߶ãŷӵİۣұ࿼ǰϰϡ
ӣǲŲ߰۰


18 
л߲֪ܰСұֵĶˡĪϡ
Īӿл߸һ磬Ҳû˿ͷÿһ϶ϸֱģ̲ס᣺ߣҪҪѧ
ϲлӡ
ĶĶá
Ķ£̤ʵ̿࣬۶ӣҪǣڻ
лǵʱ˵ǹ¶С޸ĸһ˵ľ̸ֹ£ȥѧЩʲôмѭġﶼһ㣬лߵļҾӦ÷ǳûнӴУеŵڣͦ󣬲뿪ġֻǲ֪ʲô⣬ǰȥҲԸᡣ
лѡĪӵĿΡĪӵʱһ۾ͿˣлǰһѧǸźѧģûѧûǾòϰˣɲǿʮ㡣
ĪҲᶯڳǽǵ˼ֲȱͽܡ
ĿǰлѾټѧˡ
еķҲ㶨ġл߸ʱ˾ΪǣǸĺӣŰ½ΪʦлҲȻ죬ʮСɡ˶ţ츳ԣԽԽԶ½֮ͬΪδ֧
ֱǰлߵľʼ⡣ȻڣֻҪתڵϣͻʹл൱ûв£ܿ͸֪ʦ¹ĥ˺ܾãҽ̽飬ʼ޷ҵڡ
ԽԽءȻԶ濴죬ÿһðգлߵľͬѰʹڽܳһʱڣһҲûãͬˡ
Ҳûа취ֻл߲ΣͷҪõ
ǣõл߲ˣżϢС£Ҳûϵ
վǳ֮ưһ޲Ҫ׶δ·ʲô
Īɫࣺ㲻õĳϹȥ֮ˡԸת£ȥ
ۿһ඼ȥˣҲûҵʲôܾ֮ܲôһһȥӲѺӸ˰ɣ
лѡϵ΢١
ʵλѧķӣ㲻ʲôϣ֣ĸӶ˳ֶѣλʦȴһֱĴﲻǲмǡ
лӣҵⲻڵϣھϰ
ѧʲôĽһġò˵޷ôУǵǹꪣ󷨣黭ҪߣҪԽԽġ
תȥѧҪȫ˾ҲǻһֻСȸˡ
ĪӺγ֪̾һѧվѧҪһЩ
ңͶԾҪ󼫸ߡлϼˡѧȻҲ޵ѧʲôãżһ˵ôݡ
лЩǸ־ɷ̧һٵһȡ
ѵм⣺Ӳ̫ҡ
ĪӼɫ糣ƺ˻ܰοĵײϧ
ֻ֪ʱҪõ˲緢̹;ϵ䣬ҲûϣҶһ겻ħֻǵ˵ͷͳĬؽ
һƿŲ⣬˭Ĳأ
Īлߵļ򣺡Ǹ⣬ʱҡ
˷ֱлĿĪ뿪ϵͳðĺá
лߵ֪
ʵлҲǷҪѧǰĿȾԵʣĪΪڻһ;ЩԼͲʺѧǣԴн١һޣеıʶôܻõƷأ
ǣͽλʧˡ
˺йص£ϵͳƽôյѵ̸ˡ
ǶΪǿװ򶨣ﲻʹ尾װŪСӣѡ϶֣񡣵ʵԲ±ͲǶ⣬𣿡
лѹһǩ˼û
лת뿪ӴɫۣһԴԻ߹л̲סļͷţΡ
𣿡
ƽϵͳĪ˼ֲ졣
ϵͳȤζ㲻Ǻ½֮ԼãһһΪĸжأʵֻǺŪ𣿡
л߳ĬƬ̣֮˵ģֻҪҲ̸£ܷ𣿡
ϵͳû˵лҲûش𡣻л߱ͲҪش𣬾ֱ㿴ﶼֻǺӻˡ
£Ͳͨˣǽ֮ӣġ
ŷ֮ͨһǧ֮꣬ӣǡ½֮ģҲ˵ѰʮҲô
л½ܷ֮ΪʲôС˵飬Ϊ½֮ȷʵлǰģѵ֮ܳΪ֮ġˡ
УҪߵһ츳̿ࡢȱһɡҪģǿҵ־Ϳ
лԼأ
ǰȡһССĳɼĲǰɵǺɡҪ˵ĶԷжʵûС
Ժ⣬˿춼ҪˣԣҲûô
ģʵһ¡
лƽﲻЩϵͳսҿЩ̫ãЩͷ˳
л߿Ժ￪õ񻨣룺½֮һգҪֵġ
ҲοԼ˵ڳ⣬ǵûʱ򣬷Ҳϣã¡
˵ףǰʱ򣬾ϣãﻹǲһ˿ϣġ
ڣ֪˶ָڴʲôչΨ½֮Ƶãһһ
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һգ½֮Ĳӣֻܱԭء
ϵͳѵһĸˣʵͳϡһ˵Ϊߣ岻ϣǵ㱾Ŷʵ֮ǰȻߵٽ龵һҲ𾪡
Ϊˣϵͳô꣬ҵŪ
һǳ⡣ϵͳ˵ӣֻҪú㻻һ׸ǣͿԽˣô𣿡
л߲ϵͳ𾪺ϲ룬ʵ׸ǣܷ𣿡
ϵͳһǵܡӦöģ£Ҫˡ
ϾߣϳȥͲˣĶˣ
ǾͲˡлҡҡͷȲö£ҵʱٿ
аɣݶ񻹵üϵͳ֮ǰ˵ﲻ㣬ﲻ㣬ҲˡǲǸüˣ
л˵
Ҫʲô۶ӣ
һǴ֮ĹӡΪʶԭǻбĹϵܣҸڣһȥĵطԼɣϵͳԴط飬ҹУҾˡ
ϵͳ飺һܵӴʶ֮ķΧͬɣ
лҪ˵л߶Էνͷ֨һġ
ߣ㲻ǣ֮ҲһԷģ
ֻ֮Ҫҵ£һһģ
ȺڣǹˣΪʲôԶԷäĿİ


19 
˯һŴϣл˵ǼȻ¡ڳǣǸһӣʱ䣬ǻ˯һġ
Ҫڶ糿̣ǻҪסһ
½֮һǿûõѡССԺӣĴխխģϿ١˲һ𣬱ͺ˵½֮ǲ˯ˡ
Щ죬Ҳ֪ôˣ½֮˯ࡣ
ʵлҲûף½֮˵û߻ħΪʲôӻô
ڰУϵͳлĵ̾˿ɴ̽½֮ıӣס½֮
л߾̫ƽϤ˯ƣǸɴ½֮ϽԼı§šԼҹһŵʱ򣬴Ҳſ
½֮Ӳһ£Ƭ̣ŰԴʣߣ
½֮ɻлֻǡšһ
鲻̫ãҽڡֱ½֣֮½֮Ҳ᲻
½֮ԭǳţлߡš֮Щ߰ͷͶʧˡΪһƽƽġšزлߺЩ䡣
лǸʵĺ֡˿ܻлߺԶݴȣƽ½֪֮ʵлҲ᲻ˣԽˣԽܲصס
ֻеϣϨ˵ƣлıЩظǽΧ£һ㣬ڵʵʵŻӷ϶һ
½֮ǲǸ̻ͷʹˣ
л߶ЩģȶԼġ
½֮ͻȻһ£͵̫ȣǲǸƭӶˣ
½֮ʱȥļ죬Ʒ˵̯ӣҵлߣֱ˺˻þټ۵겢Ǳ𣬶ǸܣûʲôǺ˵˵䣬Ϊлû֮֡
лƽЩϵ£ûϵΨ˽֣ңԳܡ
ǽˡлûöۡ
ʵе۵ġôأǼϸ룬ڹϸϸܵۡ͡
½֮ĵ׺ܲʹ졣ⲻʹԼ첻׵غл߷ֿлҲһþ
ٵһȡ
ֻҪõǿǣͳ΢Ƶǰѵ
ƲɴƿϵıӣлߵıӣȦԼ
½֮ߵ·ӣȣСĵԾůˮлߴʹľС
վ͸÷ֵġ
лü컹ûʼء㷢ʲô
½֮߷ߵܿʼ˰ɣű˳ȥܣ
лΣûۡ
ܲô㲻Լ˿˰ɣ
½֮ķ˿л߶ϣЩлһ£ˣ򡣡
Ȼû
𶯣½֮С㣡
лͻȻһ׮£̲סЦ
ǰһֻСȸҲûҡ
½֮
½̫֮л˵¡
ˮƺлΧƵˣл²ǽɫССһţӦֻ߰ʱܽ
ʱճȥԼһڣεڻҰС
ΰ磬վڸԣͥģԭڵƼҲ㹻ûйҰľ顣˰죬ֻýʵ̵ĵطңҪһߵҰޣһ߽±⡣
Ȼ¼һֻɫСȸ
ȣȻëһźܿɰʱϾ̫ûгԹˡ
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Ҫϧǻʵ̫Сˣлǰֻ꣬лߴǰһƷ΢΢˸
ôСĻ磬Сȸ̱һֻƴ
лҲһȥĳʶȻǲġʶһ͹ȥȻͬ硣
Ȼ𣬺˵ĻлȻҲóˡڸתתԭ黹ûʲô񳲡СҲǾ߱лֻôߡÿԼĻʳòġޣҲԣҪһġ
ҲȫûôȻܳԣôܰæ
ȻÿҪգ֮Ƣرָʹлߵġë׵СӺܺÿβ𣬶ᵱݡըëҲȤ
леźϧ˳ˣͻȻͲˣϣԼ˰ɡ
ʱ˺һӣûҵ
̵ĵط֪˽ĴڣСȸ᲻ǸδεС
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˵ġл߿½֮һֳſ½֮ƣСӣδе㶪ֻˡůͺڰܷɣ֪֮ôˣֵֹġ
߻ħҲûʲôʵİɣ
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ھ⣬֮ǰǸԼһ⣡˿̣תתӣȸģȻǽȻЩ顣
Ȼߺ½֮һ£ָͲǽĻӣǣµġ
ʲô½֪֮ʶȻ˵ά飬Ȼ˵ǵ֮䣡
½ֻ֮ǶЩ²ȤֲɵӣȻ֪뷲ķޣͨ޼İ£ⷽûʲô𣬶Ҫ˳Ӧʱܺ
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ȻȻûͰ£˽һ£Ҳûʲôɡ
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𾪵ǣдģԭ£һξȻҪ죡
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Ҳ̫˷ʱ˰ɣ
ڰУȽֽţʹлߣȻ˵룬¶ڵ¼Ӧ𣿡
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ѵ½֮ҲԸӴΪ½֮ٵഺڣڻǳ𣿣
ഺڵĺȷʵȽ棬Լҳִ
Ҫ侲кӵͣѺֳ˽£ûʲôֵġͣڲſʼ棬е̫ˡ
Բֵܱ̫С֣½֮ɲõӰ졣
лŬѹѹԼĵ׵ľκˣֵغƽͺƽûʲô𣺡˵Ҳе˰ɣȷʵҪô¡
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лҲ˽Щû˭ùճƶϣɵô˵ҲҪΰɣ
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һ죡һΣʵһа¶Ҫϣ
ѹܷûһеµģ
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½֮սľ룺߸׵ĻȾܾˣ
µ£ȴҶеһˣ˵Ҳ٣
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Ҿ˵ǲ²չɣ
ҼһΣΪе񣬶ܾܸ׵Ĺ̡


20 
ʮһεʢᣬʿԴϺսޣǱ˺ü֧μժǻĶ顣
ժؾһᾸɽϣԲƶɺ̡
ֱƼҳ棬ʮǶʮһժǻᣬɽժǳǣŽ
ۿʱ·;ҪժǳǣȴͻȻͣ˵Ҫ
л߶ʱʶ˴Ҫʲô̲ס
Ȼ˵ʮǸһ涨ҪܵرŽޣšǵĲҵġŵĵطǳǿ޵һݡ
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ƽħͷҲûϵֻҪǰͱðų

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21 
л߱ڶôһ飬ȻԶһЩûǰʵ½֮ڵʱǱȽϰһˡ
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22 
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Ѿˣ½֮΢ʷͷտڲᣬٲõˮֱʣ½ֵ֮ʹȰһ½֮ȥú˽ûʲô飬
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23 
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л߻˯䣬ϵͳ˵ڲˡѡ׷·ߣԭӦиʮꡣ
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Щ꣬ѾѶ͵Ĳҵ߰˰ˡǿãܴߵƷףûУҲδزһԡ
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ǳڿɳദ֮𣿣
ϲˣڵòҲõˡ
Ȼ½֮Ǹɫ塱˵΢ϻǽģ˳ְһѡ
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лߴӲ֪ѵ¡
ɫӣָĦڣûü˵ʲô
Ժײǽϣ顱һ죡
Ŷ˲ã˽лʦ֣ժǳˣ

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Сʹһ㵶ԲµĻǾ糷˰ɣⱻˡ


24 
ϵͳлһԼƷ½֮лš˸Ӹǳ򵥴ª˿Ǵӷһ˿ģһӾšˡ
ֱǴдġܡ֡
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л߻ʱֻһʱûóϾ½ԵٲףںԼӵСġ½֮ϱĶ١
û뵽ûܷӵ˵ĹЧл߽ժǵê㡣
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Ψ½֮л͵ǸӴȥˡ
л߸հѡ½֮ԼѪƵĻ˵ڣ˿ͱζ
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Σգл߾ȥܶʲôأ龵ʱڱ½֮ҪһЩοлھϻ˴
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ʱлߵԺϢһ˹Ҳ¸п
л߲ڣû֪½֮ŷ
жӣͬ
˵ף˵ˣмأ

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Ѿ̫ûùϵһ̣һжǱܡ
΢󴵷л͵ۣתԵ񵲡
뵶ײһڿвѵĻ𻨡
УſԷ
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ȳˣʶǳǵлѡ
л߲ɫع۲漸ˣֳи˲ΪȻ󲿷µĻ֮ɫԻһЩ
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֪ΪΣժʱͻȻӿ졣ժڵʮȥˣŹȥ룬Ȼţûȥ
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Ȼҵԭ򣬵γȥûͷϢһֻʱɵٲصʲôؾѣħ幥֮ΣˣԭΪҪʮ꣬ڿܱꡣ
ժƶ񤣬ҲѺá棬˾ǲСĴһҲǺõġ
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Ǿӿȥͨûʲô֮лȴֻã߱ǾץסԽԽģ

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лҡͷҶûùˡôʹ
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⣬ƬС֣½ݺı³ֹΡΪڳѧƫԶĵطƽ
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лԼҪ˵Ļʵֶб̬ɡƫƫַ˵ɡ
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һжֱͻȻԼһ
ʲôŮϵΨڳֵһɣò⡣
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ѶԷȫͽ˼
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Ƭַָ̺ʵʵǡ
ԸԸ⣬ҵѣ
òɹvsɳչү
psȣȻԭͽģҲɵүϾֻǸɳֲǱ̬


25 
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Ȼ½֪֮л߰Ľ, Ϊл߸һĻεģ׼½֣֮лվǰ, ˵Ľ, ܵĳԶƽ԰Ĳ²ɱȡ
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ȻаĽ½ְ֮ĽǴģṵ̂ͼ½֮ɫ
˵лͻȻﲻ̫Ծһɫ⣬ΪʲôͻȻĽ½֮أ
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Ϊʲôϲһ˵ĸŵĶӣѱ˱ӹΪɹ

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лԵãֻԱߣ³ԣԺܿ߾;ʦʦáһĪӵСͽܣлһЩϵ⣬лߺ˵˼䡣
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лҪ˵治ҹ¿ǡҲܱò׷ȥˣֵõ޸ģ´һ顣
Ҷʣʵİˮľ顣ʵǷ֨Ļþ룬Űߵӽǽ
ûдʮ


26 
ܿ, ʱţл߾ø²ǹȥˡ
Ȼ½֮еֵֹ, ˵úܽ, ұҲȹȥḻ˲٣һ˫ͬʱɡ𾪡ָֹӵ
½֮ʼû͸йص£лҲװɵԼ
ѹͷһʯ, л߾Ϳʼĥһ¡
Щҹһ˴ʱ
ָоĳЩ⣬ҲҲĶʵϴʱ, ĪĸоֻԼĴ
лһ൱񣬲Լֱˡ
˵翵Ķ, һҲ֤ʵĲͬѰ
л߷⼸, Լ
ʲôص֡ͱ˵ŻͺͻȻ뵽ʲôҪ£Ƭ̵΢΢غܿ죬潻̸˶޷, ֻԼܲһ˲΢
ǵл߾ģһ˲ԼΪʲô, ȴһӡûС
·һ, л߲ᷢһΣѲ⡣
ƽȷʵЩùҹ, ɢĺǾմһġ
ʲôط⣿
һͽǰȴʼձΧ£޷Լڹƿصĸол߸еĴܺͲʡ
֮һʱ򻹺ãҪӦԸһ´κ˲Ϻ˼롣ҹָоͻ޷Ŵ
лڴߣϤһУһ˲䣬ⶼǼٵġ
һֶǳ棬浽ÿһϸڶл߼һģһлӴͷһһȻϤλһƵۡ
һα½֮ѹ˯һϣڶʹ޿̣½֮ġӺ硱һ˯ԣ˭ҲԽߡ
ȣȻҲûع
лϲؾûʲôװΣΨϰһյǷİơ
½ᰵ͸лߵļ
ʵл֪ⲻԭǸԭǸ½֮СĴˡ½֮Ҹؽ¸½ݺ½ݺ˵ȥ漸죬ȻǧµһյյƼһģһΨڴڶƬҶӡǶ½֮һƫˣҶ·͹ȥյ̫һ
лװ֪ûнҴ
лߵߣڶƬҶӡ·ʲô٣ϸҲ̻õ
һһ֤ʵϸڣûлߵ
վߣյůĵơ
ȼǵ¾Ƶĵͣ˵ֻҪϵȼ;Զ٣ƻ֮ħ
лͻȻֱ֣ɫĻȥ

½֮оԼһһǡ
ʱ̵ؽлߣһۣ͵ʲôصı硣
õĹ۲Ҳֹۡ
лڵķϹȥԼ٣л⼸ԽԽ磻л춼ûȥٵлʱԽԽ࡭еһУ֤л߱ƽȻƴѹԼʵĵĽ
ҲԣôϲԼĬĬô꣬ò׹ףȴԼܾû΢˵ǶԺ벻ԸԼѣѾܲˡ
٣л߲Ϊ£׵ԲԻ١Ѿ㹻ˣ
ǿࡣ
Ѿл߲벻½֮ǻҹﻯԭͣȥлߵĴ
ܴɵı˵䣬ԿԴȰοġ
½֮ڱӣٸл߸İοΨһģҲĬĬڴ⣬ķǣл߲գ¹µһˡ
һϣ½֮ԭͣڴ⣬лıˡͻȻ˲Ծĵط
ʱл߾ͲҪ˯ˡ
죬лҲѾۣ̺˴̣ȴһֱûϨơ
ѵΪҹⱯˣշת࣬˯
ͻȻӰӽ׵Ĵֽ½֮ע⡣
ڽţԴǰСС￴
лһ£ŽţվӱߣؿյơȻл֣յƵĵڶƬҶӡɫЩ˵㯡
½֮һ͡ԼȻ֪յƺԭĵʲô
лϸĵغܣʮǰֱ߼ʲôˣʲôܼǵǻ½֮һᣬ֪군ˡֻϧһʱҵͬʹСİֻӲͷƤ˻ȥ˭֪л߾Ȼû֣½֮˺þá
л߸ƬҶӣ½֮ʲôأ
ԣ֪
½֮лڵƹüۣһʱɬǣڶ˼
һ룬лָƻ̽ȥ

½֮͵Ŵʱлһ
֣ûôһ£½֮ͳ嵽ǰקĸ첲档
Ȼ½ֶֻ֮ϸϸңǰǰؼ˺ü飬ûп˵ĺۼһ
ûüϡ
¾ȼĻ棬һ¿ɲǿЦġ
һû꣬л߸ոպԥֵģҲ֪ûĵĵطû£½֮ŭֱͬձĻɽһĵӿ
ǰл۵棬첲ûʲôͿʼлϵĿӡ
л߼ֱһѻӿ֣æҵذļſϵȥҹ˯ʲô裿
Ȼǰˡ̹ʱ򲢲٣Ͼʱͬգ˹ϵأͰ·Լ̬𣿣
½֮Цҷ裿˭裡˭У·˸ҿ
˵ʮһ겻µʱл߻û½֮ô˵һʱ棺Һúôȴ·˭裿
½֮ڸģʱŭǺúô𣿣úôĶأ
лһϵո½֮ʱʱۣô֪Ҫ֣
½֮һҭһʱ֪ôش⡣
ƽʶ̽ߵл߱ضᷢûʶ
л˹·¶һƵ΢Цʳָߵߵ棺ȸ˵˵ҹ˯Ҵʲôأ
½֮ξԼŭûȥԹŲӵҲ㣡ô֪Ҫ£
½֮ĺ£һߵʱû̧ͷл߿ܾˣΪʲôҪ£
ֵлˡ
ȷʵû취ڡ˵ʲô˵һǼٵģȲ˵뷨ǲǺ޻Ǽٵģ½֮Ǽ٣
½֮ȴֻ飬˵
л̲סٴ֮ǰɵĹȦһǼٵģΪʲôߵһשһߣ½֮ȥôʵأ
лڡ١УͻȻߵ˵һ仰
½֮лߣҴӦãԺɵˡ
лߵ˼·ϡһʼûӦֱԶ仰ĺ꣬ź֪仺̧ͷ
½֮ղлȥһĻͺܱ꣬һѰסлߵļ򣬿лߵ۾Ƹ۵ҴӦˣԺ˺Լˣ跹˼շת࣡˯ʧǣ
û
л߸оƬʲôֵĶ˼˺һʲôʱ˺Լ跹˼շת࣡˯ʧˣ
½֮ȥһ±ӣҶˡȥˣϳԲ£糿˯šߣҲЦġ
лߣ
ȥѵΪȥ䳡ÿɹҪҪʦʦ죬ǿȲˮθڼС˯£Ϊϲᱻ½֮˯ɧţ糿ȷʵ˲١
л²ۣ½֮־۾
ڰǶλǲе㣬̫ʣ
½֮ȴлߵĳĬǱ˵˼ʱԼĸֵõģضߣ֮ǰ˵ĽˣԸӦ㣡
лߣ
л˼һܳе⡣
˵Լֻһʱ̱ѾˡȽϺأ˵İĽǸȡҾΪǿԼȽί
ˡ
ͷֻһɲǣ
лһȥһֻס½֮Ķͷе㵽ôˣһϾ˵ʲôֵ𣿣
лҪ˵ȣȻرʣ뿴ľдˣңһû𣿼ˣڻþﰡ


27 
ºڷ, ƻȡ
һƬžվţֻ֮, ̬, ֻҪϸ۲죬ͻᷢڷ˴ͻȻѣ
½ֱֱ֮ؿлߵ۾, ͬԵݣ·ʱ̶۲ԼѡȴԷ¶ȻһС
á
ƺֶԷǳ֣αװصˮ©, ½ֱ֮ͦһЩȶ˳, ̽ȷ
ƽ, ͬǰϦ˵
л̹Ȼػ½֮һ˫ī峺ףϵҡͷûС
ϵ£ֻ½ֻ֪֮Ҫ, ½֮Ҳû취
½֮ȻûϵչһʼлʲôֵΡʱ, ɵл䡣лҧϺ, ½֮ڷӦˣ
½ۣ֮ûжҸףԼȥСָʲô
˵СҲǡרҹôԶ, Լֵطȥлôͣ
Ҫøɾл߷εҲûԼȥСְ˵ǰ԰ɣǻسţʦҪסޣΪ˵ȻԼҪȥ䳡ûдӦһصѧǾֱӻԺ˯˰
˵仰ʱлֺЦΣķֶԺ״̬ĵģһֱ̬ػȻɡ
ϧ½֮ʶл߿ӱ˵ģȫΪЦ׵ʱȷʵûбڳСѧɽŴѧ·Ͽδû˿
лôôԵͻˣȥʱ·רűܿˡڴСֻʱ½ֿ֮ߡԼһ·ûˣ½֮
½֮ʱֱǷƽٶȣĶӣлߵʱվ棬ûôʧġ·˼ˣԵʱ谵ɫ½֮ٶȣҲѿ
ŶĴౣл¶ƽݵ΢ЦҪȥʣû֤ȥС֣
½֮һҭ
Ҳѵʱĳһ飬صȥ·ϣлߴܿϣ֪ػȻһʱĵױԣָлߵֶˣ㣬õģºˣôأ
лҲԼе㲻ڼϣҲʵûֻ·һֱߡţ·ߵ棬ŵʵģ
л½֮ΡΡצӣѭѭգ֮뿴аĽ㣬׹ڴӦңѵҲûϲصؽ𣿡
ΪʲôҪڲϣԲԣ߼
½֮һ㶡
л⻰˵еǡ
ؼǵ£ôû
л˼΢΢ü֮㻹ǲǵã֮ǰȥժǻ·ϣ˵ͻȻһΣŵǺǼǲεʲôȻü춼ֵֹġ
½֮
ˣ½ݺǸӣл߰Ľ졣лǰ¶ԼȻڸ½ݺɵΪ½ֻ֮踺صôһΡ
лɫࣺҵʱΪ߻ħˣȥ˷ǡǸңǽ̫죬ЩȣŻżһЩֵΣⲻ󡣵պ󾳽ԽԽȹ̣¾ͲٷˡκϴһֻΰμסˣΪġ
½֮ԼֱٿĪ磺ûУû߻ħҲûΣ
леǵζȻһЩȴұ¶ֻο½֮ûϵģֲʲô£ֻҪܷپͺˡȥҽݣ㿪εҩ
лĵ̬ϣ½֮üǵһ˲䣬Լ̲סĳֻɣѵΣ
лļ򣬺Ȼߣǲ̫ˣ˯ɡ
½֮겻ߵſڣͻȻסӣ̧ͷʵȵȣΪףΪʲôͻȻֿ˯
֮ǰժǻʱ򣬲Ǿ˵㶼ˣÿҼ˯ӱЦ𣿡
лߵ͹ȥԼ˯ʱûʲôֱ𣬴ϤЦͻȻ뵽½֮״̬̫ãл߶һ£ЩҪ㻹ǹ˯
½֮ҡҡͷǰϤ磬½֮ôﶼôԾأ
ԼҪһֻһ
½֮ԼҪȥлߵͷûٶ˵ǾͻȥϢɣ˳ҰŴϡ
½֮żͣ£عͷոҲҵĻþ𣿡
лΣ͵ǸģұⲻȥֻǵʱһŻϵķˡ
ͺá
½֮ŶһųصĲӣʧǡͷɥˡ
赭дذ˴ߣлڴߣȴûɡϵЦѾʧˡ
һϤԺˣҲΪҪ档þɲ򵥡
лǡӻþĿѣһɵ¡Լþǰľ޴ˮһ
Ϊʲôþôʵ
ΪеĻþԭͽļͶ֪ϡ
ǵԽþҲԽ档ǵõÿһϸڣþ֪ǱʶãߵʲôˣǾͻֳʲôģ
еһģһʣеˣôֲᷢأķһҲģָ֪Զ޲е©ΪԼֻһʱ
л֮ԻƵƵԣʵΪϵͳ
Ϊϵͳ£Żᱻȡ׷½֮ժǻ½֮סþ޷׽ϵͳйص£ֻԶ޲е߼
лΪԼĽ½֮ǡ׷󡱺͡סȻӦ¡
һʼлҲˡ
һĸܣþҲ޷ġ
л˵þ½֮ĻҲͬʱ˵Լ
һϲһˣԷף֮õӦʣ¸׵Ѿˣ߳ʲôʲܣҲԻоϲá
лȴֻÿЦá
뵽ؾ½֮ദϸڣлЩԥܾã½֮ദȫûΥ͸УǼٵġ
ϵͳ˳Ļ㲻˵ԽϤ˺þҲԽϤ½֮Ȼó½֮Ҳǿȥġ
ָʵ̶رߵĻþĻԽԽãֻͨһ
ǿ͹۵ģÿ˶ʶ۵ģбȻڲ졣þˣͬһϸڵļƫһ󿪣һҿǲѣþԼֱӱˣ
лͻȻ뵽һ£㿴һûɡ
ϵͳһ壺ûаôˣˣ
лߵͷšʱܾˣӦõ˿ˡ
ԣ½֮Ǽٵġ
лҪ˵лߣ½֮Ǽٵġ
þġ
лߣѵǱʶ֨ȻǸɵӣ
þĻþˣ˵ɵӡȷʵǸɵû
ûõ˿ʵΪ֨ʱûоֻܾĶˡ


28 
ͨ˵, ʶþ֮УþͻῪʼ, ߶ʡ
лһҹ, ֱ߽΢⣬ȴʲôûз
Ⲣʲô£þûб仯, ҲûԵƾ㡣
ϵͳڻþ˼ˣ
лһϢ׼ȥϴǵڰ졣
þʶΪиǺܿܣþдʱԽ, þҲԽǿԽʵ
Խʵ, еҲԽѷ, ѹһѭ˺ڣþһС硣ڻþеˣҲͽر˾ˣھһ, ҲϢھˡ
лϵͳ˼ŵ˵, , Ѿ㹻ҵʶܹˡ
չٶ֮죬˽Ŀĵزֻ˵ȥ, ûš
ľˮϣѺ֣л߻ǷԵش˸顣
оžˮϻУŶл룺˹Ҳ֮ոһյ棬Ҳţǰһо磬ЩʲôˮþԼĻþɡ
ڵѵᵽϵͳĺôٻ飬һ¡
ϵͳһô죿
лߵĻӦȷѰƾ㡣
ֻҪǼٵģͱضȱݺ㡣
þˮƽ֮ߣͨ򵥵ƻͳɹơ
෴ַľٶ˵ͻȻ¶ΧŨصĻɾ裬ܻܿþеˣҲݡԸӦķӦ
һͷʵ䷴
ʡ¹򣬹۲ܣϸĥһͻƵĶ

ȻþڵͻüȥлҪԵģǱʱס½֮
ϷҪȫס
лȥѧڵҽݡ˵ҽݣʵǼλҽ޵ķڿһϿνѧһҲβ
л߳⣬һصСͯӴײײܳ§סȣлʦ֣
лһЩСͯӵͷһԼǡ
зڰһ۹Сͯӱˡ
ŻСѣ棬ʼŻѣ
лһ仰ûü˵žȱһҩӡ
һдһ߶ǰ˶ˣǰɣ˼أССһ쵽ʲô𣿡
ˡȷӶˣҲ߶ˣӲź֪ʲô
лӦֵĽʽպãЦ֮⼸쾭ЩֵΣεķӡ
ַӾ͸ʲ࣬û³ԵҲû
ӡŶһ־˼䣬ʿʼд
лߵͷһۣ桰Զ־Ӻûסһ䣺ʵ֢״Ҳرأܸ̫ܲķӳԣ
ͷû̧ߵ¿㻹ʲôӣȥιǰɡ
лߣ
ˣҲǼٵġ
лҩߣվԺſڣͺ濴Ҫ½֮˸档
½֮ɫһҲջȥˣƿĿ⣬쿴أǲҲվԺ棬ΪԼͻ䣬һ
лΡ
֪ǰǼٵģ̫ʵˣл߿̲סͷһɡ½֮߹ȥȻ컹ȥ䳡𣿡
½֮͵ۿ˿Դûԡ
лߣ
תһ½֮ţķʲôΣ
½֮ڲΡ֣ʲôʱˣҾû԰
ǰûг緹ôëϾлһֻһλ𣬻϶硣
л˿Эˣаɣүʲô
½֮Ӳյ裬л߸̨£͸Ͻ˳ƹˣʲôСϴʲôͳǸɡ
½֮еү޾ÿοǰ޲ðѲ϶ǰãȻлŷ˾һСԭ򣬻û½֮ÿζҪ߶߶
ίʾʲôҳʲôѵõװˡ
ϧװʵڲʱ
л߿Լŵֽӣȷ
½֮ԣֻʶе㾯裬벻ʲôԣɵصͷš
лߺʱе㳤
½֮Դ֣ҽ첻š
ʱ
ŨҩζСԺζĳԲ˵һ︽ûз޹ˡ
ΨһʣµһֻݡҸһܣֻ˸Զķ䣬Լڽɪɪͼˡ
Ķ㲻ˡˡ
үҪӵģڽлŽʱ򣬽ӲֱͦͼαװµӣΨлߵľй¶ĵ
л߶½֮ģĪϤռ½֮ʱʮһСС꣬Ҳһ֮ǿ֮ĩĴӡлʱë˷Žһ
лɫˣһС룬ߵ½֮ǰ£԰ɡķ
԰ɡ
԰ɣ
ͺ˵ʲô֮һҩƵã
½֮
л߸տʼסġ
½֮ʵڿȥ̫ˣǺö˶˷·ϵСϤĳΪϢ֮أȥͱͷһӱˮëʪյճϣãȻ޴룬ίƫƫҵģ˵ʲô
л߿½֮Сʵûסհ£ۡ͡һЦ
Ͻװ⿴ͼװԼƽܵѾˡ
½֮ڷӦˣֱһȥл߸˴ϣô۸ң
Ĺĵģֲ֪ܶлЩʲôɴ
л泹̲סˣҲе½֮ôһӣЦԼԼҪҪԵĹ
½֮㻹˵
ʮĴСӣرɵڴϷŤ
лЦûҲû½֮棬Ȼзŭ½֮ܿͱԷסˡ
½֮ѹ£лߵֻ󶼱ͷһӸµ̬ؿлߡ
лڴϣҲ΢΢ǰһ
ҵЦ϶ȾһĨǳǳĺΣһ㱡ϸķ˿ճ࣬һ˫īǺһˮЦմˮı䣬΢Ūһ£ͻ֭Һ
½֪֮лߺÿлƽĺÿߵһĨࣻǸƳİ״ɣٲİ׺ס
ڣʻˡ
½֮ͻȻãлߵģǱʲôһ¡
ʶջ֣ڴߣԼĵ״˿̵ĻŤͷպÿҩͰڴͷСϡ
˸ովڴŤҩȻҲûˡ
½֪֮Լôģֱ̧֣ͷһžͿҪҩһˡ
лʵҲǶҲûıȡˣһ¡
½֮ҩպͺˡʲô˭ķӣ
ȻͻȻһĨ漴ʲôǹɬѹȥֻɢ
лһǡ
лҪ˵֨۸氡
۸ǲԵģûȥ¸ǣҪС
ϼӣҪϸһ졣ǲҪң


29 
ҩҽ޹Ȼ, ½֮һҩӺȥȻȵƽ, ĴԿ, ȥͶ棬ֻ¾Ҳǹġ
һϢڴϣķҵǻи, ͸ǣҲڡ
ʿӲηʹĥ
лڴߣԼոŪҵͷ״һۣô𣿡
ľѰİӣлҲûȹ
½֮Թؿһۣѡ֮ǰ, Լûȳζ𣿡
лüֲΡ
½֮
ҾҲûΡлߣе㲻, ֲĴ˵ɻ, ʱ£ǵú
лͻȻ£ǲǵǸʶʱһСıԭΣȻҰë˷ŽΣ
½֮ľҪҽҲû
л߰½֮ļ, һֱյ½֮Ӽϣ, ȴЦûû𣿡
½֮һ, Ҳ֪ԼΪлʵ⣬лֻ̫ǰƿлߣѽ÷ÿҪȥˡ
л߱ƿ, Ҳû¿شͷ½֮ĶӵıӰȻûͰԭαҿ
½֮װԼûܵˡ
ðɣʮһ꣬ձл߾µʱȷʵǸëŽΡ
ʵڲܹϾ˭ʱ򣬱һԡͰˡץסĵսľӵڶ䵽ôһӰġ
ʱǸʵ̫ˡﶼоëε쬵ĸо
µǣۣĿл·Ա߰һˮ
Ȼʵ֤лֻϴһ˿ڣ൱һʱʵл֮ûֻ֣ˡ
ȡô˵߸׵£ҲȷʵпԼ
ѵ֮ǰ±ԵһΪл߰£˼ҹ룬ԲŻ
½֮ôţϣԭǶѹȥĿ⣬ͻȻζˡ
룺ʵǺ°͸֮ǰڴһû׹
ǻõֵܣԺ͹ȥһÿһһУȥิӵת䡣
˵У½֮Ųһ٣ͻȻˡһܶ硸ӵͷӿ
Уߵľô졭ȵȣҲѾҵİ취
ǰѵûΪΪȱһǡ
ԣժǻѾȥˣ
½֮ͻȻס˶ǣңҵժؾõǿ

л߿ڴߣŴӡ½֮ıӰѾʧԺ⣬л۵׵Цȴδȥ
ϵͳԹۣͻȻʵ㻹𣿡
лոֶҵģš
ϵͳɿ˼Ҿãڻþ棬½֮ҪһЩ
л߽ܺãѵԸѽǵģ¶һССķ϶ΪǼٵģԲŷɰɡ
ΪǼٵģԾʱȥʲôδһоص˾֮ǰûڵǺͻɣӰ룬һУͬԵУ϶ԷԼһֿѡ
ϵͳɫе㵣ģϲ½֮𣿡
л΢ۣϸβĪζ˵ϲ
ϵͳû֪ʡ
лߺܸɴҡҡͷǰ֡ҲᰮĽκˡ
ʲôǰ飿лʲô£˴Ҹ¡ӿļʺ/ùȥеñðªԭ˱Ъ˹Ŀȫǡ㲻Լӡ
֮꣬ϣԼҲɼôɱģ
½֮Ҳûжռ/ֻϣһֱǰһȥ
лƽﲢֵο½֮Ͼǰô꣬ΨһһŹ϶Զ飬˴˵ˡ
лΪֱҲںԶԶԺ󡣿ɾһ£ֱӾͰʱƵƤӵ¡
㿴Ѿûа취½֮ˣҲû취½֮һħ
½֮龵Բͻ뿪ǣħܲԶ½֮½֮ɣ
ʱ򣬿һҲһˡ
ȷţϵͳѻ⳶˻뵽ôƾ𣿡
ȻɼٵվǼٵġлߺܿĵǵ΢΢ȻĨˣѾһ˼·ˡʧȥʶþҽѷ죬澵ӵʱ򣬶𣿡
ǡǾеаţҿʱ򣬶̲סһ¡Ȼϵˡ
ϵͳڹл߸ȷĵĲ²⣺΢ᵽǿǣͻƵ㡣
һ淨˵ܲǧеʿܴпԼδġˡ
˵Ȼ˵㣬мֵġϾܶʱνʵǸΪԼԸ񣬶ⲿѡ
ж棬ɱͬһķƹʮλܵѲ飬ժؾ֮С
л̾뵽һš
ժؾǴڣһܡǴ˵Уժؾаѳһŵƶɡ
᲻ΪǰһǸڸסϢûб˷֣
ˣܿû취Լһǡ
л߻֮ǰþΪټ䣬Ҳȷʵûᵽ½֮ҪҵǿǣҶһ
лһȥʡ
Ÿ仰ûüж͸оҡһ¡
ǰʵľͻȻŤеĶһ˲䶼ɫһˮۡܿ죬ɫѺڻм֣һ磬оеĶ˺ĩѺ۲ԽԽлߣ
ϵͳٵþҪˣ
л߹ϵرۣûѷ콫Ҳ˽ȥ

л߻ûվ壬ŵŨѪҵģתسϸ΢Ľɨȥ
ûйǵˡ
ҲѰҵ½֮
лڿ壬ѾصӵɽѾˡɽˣӺ㡣
ֻңӺǱȫڣѪ˿ڡһ׿ߵĺ£ܿѪȾĺۼ
л΢
Ϊ֪֪ˣлڿ½֮֮࣬ȻҲӺġ
˵ûεժǱ֮УӺ㼸ǿս˭ܰӺ˳
ĪΧ
ԣӺܵ˿ϢǱħ˵ġ
ѵժؾг˼Ϊո߽׵ħ
л̵񻹲Ӱ½֮ŲԶӺ㣬Ҳת뿪
Ӻ㲻˵һҲ˵ѩɱٽ½ְ֮ģ˳˳ˮ֮ӵ潿ҲǿġɽһʯĬԣߴº
л߾Ӻ㾹ȿڣڻþȺħΧˡ
Ӻ̬ƺƣ˵ԭлҲһЩ˳лߣѰͬ顣ӵѿҪ°æ
Ӻҡͷء
лҲֻ˵ӺȻܾлԼҩʳֳһЩھӺ㲻Զĵط»Ҫȸˡ
Ӻͷû˵
Ƭ̺лߴɽ뿪һӰӺĹս߳
Ӻ㿿ʯڣ㣬ʲô
½֮ߵǰɫ΢䣬ǰ˲סˣҧгݵʲô£
½֮ߵӺ಻ԶҪȥժߴһƽƽҰݣһ֧//ǹͻȻһ̽½ִ֮ȥ
½֣֮ؿӺ㣬ѾĹ
Ӻջس//ǹ侲ͬʱҵþȳҲһһ롣
ô˵Ҳǿе½֮ͬ⣺УмãҪһšȫˣȥñĶ㡣
Ӻ⻰࣬׷ʵѾˡ⡯Ҫʲô
֪⡱ǳ½֮ıǵٳܲҪȥǮɣ
½֮ΪʲôҪֻͣǳڶѩǵľأӵھƺʣǿ֮ĩڻþвδˣҪӲӲȫȡ衣ⶫҲû˭ȳ͹˭˵ҪǲÿǵҴ㣬ǲġ
Ӻȴȫûⷬһ°΢̧ʾոл뿪ķ򣺡ҪǣǸ𣿡
½֮ʱֻһ٣ƽϢȥëٴըʲô£
ӺȴѾõ˴𰸣ԱŲŲʾԼȥժ
½֮ժǿòݣлһɫͨʯͷʹ뿪Ӻˣǲġ
Ӻ󣬻ʵʲô㼸ģʱѵģ𣿡
½֮˾裬Ťͷҵʲôˣûϵ
лߴ߰ͣˣʲôӣ½֮ۼġô꣬лûعټҲҹ
ȻûܹʲôԶ
½֮ûٽӻֱ뿪
Ӻ㿿ɽڣ½֮⡰ܰĽ΢΢üŲ̫װ
лҪ˵ཱུһ£ǣ
ˡȷʵлߵˣ²ԭ֮⡣˸ĲǴ飡˵;͸ˣ󿴾֪
½֮ǰʲô£СҴ㣡
½֪֮󡿣磡ʵҲ˼
ǻʱ䣺ɰС
Σյ̸byޱ޾
ۺ֢һ̨ʧܺ󴩽Ϸİ⡷
Ϸǩȴڲͣ΢
Զް⡢Į߱ɱGG
Ʒۺ:
סܻ
*
ͻȻ֣˾ȻһԼۺ硣
ϣֻۺܿλΣյ
ǣȫ嶼ˡ
X׸ȱǮҵһڶԸ㣡
Yϧһдۣ֤İȫ
ý壺ͷֱദ
лϲԣҵǸɱ¾İ취ˣ
*
Զƻ裬䡣
𣬷չ˲ͬĿƼ
21ĩһ죬һλˣԪظա
е֮ΨһŹ¡
ηҪ
һ䣬˱ӽͼİӶ
֮µĶֻܵõ
ֱۺ硣
ҰΨһ㽻ϣɱңҲĸԸ
Ҳɱ㡣
ֻһ֦ʺ磬͸㡣
ɳx֮ɽ
̸
ǰΣڻָ
δ+/ħ22ͣ


30 
ͥԺ, ۵İͻȻȳһѪѪǰľ, һѪ
Ժӵ̴Ů, ȴЦֽƵʧˡ
Ǵ֮̽˵򵥵ֶɱһתٵ, δҲ̫ЦˡϧƼ˸ΪԼҪûġ
½֮ûνġʧ֮ȥġ֡ڻþտʼûãˡ

л뿪϶, ˳ɽ·ǰߡ
½֮ؾΪѰǣԼָ, Ӧþ⸽
ֻǲ֪Լþе˶, ֮ǲѾ뿪ˡ
ϵͳӺ̬ȣ̫Ծ
ûʲôϵ˵ˣǺлվͬһϵġ
лߵͷ, û˵
ȷʵԾ
Ӻվ̨ϣܶҽ, ׻, һԵˡѣҲͷ
л߿ɲΪԼӺ졣
ӺȻڣȸԼĴ
лһʼ, ǲӺˣԼȱ¶Ƶ̬ȡ־Ӻ㿴ȥ۲ӣŲػת
Ӻл߱ԼĲ״ŵһӺ㿴Լ˵ģֳ޴ھεζ
˵ӡϣȷʵл뵽һЩԶĹȥһĸףӡ
ҡҡͷЩҵ˼Ժ
ǶһˡοһӼˡ˵ҲûʲôԳ֮Ϊֳˡ
Ҫģҵ֮
лû߶ãͲ˿ŨܴͷɥĻݲݣҲ΢ֱͦһЩ
ժؾѷͻȻı仯ֻ˵һ£ؾٴκͨ
лԥһ£Ǿȳȥ֮ûȥ跨ǡ

½֮ԶԶлƣʧڿУҲͨеơ
ؾŲٳǵˡ½֮ȻûплߡлߺǲǴͬһطȥģĵطҲһ
ǵ˼ϲõΧ˵Щʲô½֮Ҳûϸ
Ӻִĳְʾ̬ȣһʱ֪λȥлߡ
ˣǿʯͷϣҹζ࣬ȸ΢͹ȥɡ
ֻǵ˸лӿţȫû⣬˵Ҫȥ΢ʱΧһӰĪ·۶ϴ˵

΢ø첲ȣҲûʻþ﷢ʲôֱõ𣿡
½֮һɫʯͷ
΢æסͱõʢ֮󣬹õ
½֮ȻиȻ˵ͷ׼뿪
ߵűߣ½֮Ųһ٣ˣ¡
΢ǿͨͨĺɫʯͷϣȿʲô˶Ҫԣ˵
ӼҶ𣿡˵꣬½ֲ֮һ䣬ѩӼҡ
΢˽ʹ֪߰šӼл߿йϵ£ֻ½֮Ĳ²⣬Ҳȥʱˣ΢ոպá
΢ڰעǿϰγǳ鴤磬ѩӵ˵кü֧ҴӺ˵𰡣
½֮룺ȴӺӺϵ˵𡣡
ӺƢҲ̫ܹİ˸ӴŵסһģܿѪԵ׽
ӼҺûжӰɡҪ˵ϵеġ΢°ͣ뵽ʲôӣлҶ㲻㣿
ش½֮񾭣ĸлң
΢ӦҲʶʲô½֮ɫʶȤûϸʣֻͣɻлҡŶҽûʲôʾ޵ûˣ֪֮ܲǸԻҡ
ȥܻе㳤½֮ߡ
лҵļˣԭһԸ鼫õĽáܼ˷ָޣһһȻеϵ
ҵһȻҲʶ΢˿ڲˮٴ죬ͬ˵飬ӼΨһŮлл÷һ𳤴ֽò츳֮ˣ˳µعɳ˵¡ϼ꣬СޡⱾһ׮
½֪֮Ϊʲôˣ;÷ǳǲޡô֪
΢һۣһ쵽ˡС͡ߡ֪Щʲô
½֮һ㵫ʱܴ㡱ᣬ΢Լ˵飬Ȿһ׮ļѻϧ
½֮ĳֲõԤУüͷšһ𣺡ϧ
΢½֮һЩϧ̥ʮ£µȴǸմ
½֮ԭѾ²⺢ӱлߣһմ
΢ͷԡ˵ġʧ֢ͲޣЦѧ˵֣ˡ
½֮ţô
߽ʿüѣ˭ḁ̊́һǾţеĺôáʧ֢
ǡʧ֢ڵôõģе˽أҾͲ֪ˡ΢̯̯֣ȻģҲǼݵĴ¡ˡʧ֢޷չԼӣͨ˼лӼһתۻں档
лӣΪ֮λҪͷлȢ꣬ԭѾʤȯա岻̫һʲôѪСлûиڵĺӣǽۿҪֵļ֮λã
΢üʱѽ龵۷壬ܻһ̥Ѿ챣ˡԡ㶮ġ
½֮ɫȻоݣӼǿӲĺģ
Ӽݲܰ΢߰¶ˣ£Լúܾ棬ôĴС㣬лԼŮˣȻûһưԴȵգԼһΪ¸һеĺӡ
½ֱ֮ԼĶ䣺˵ʲô
΢½֮𾪣ʱ½֮𾪣ûӵҲ֪ȫϵԼ̫
û뵽λС㣬ȻʹȴܲôҸһͨ˾ȻûֻǱ˲ӡлҡһ䣬ֱɷ򣬵ȻȻ򣬻ӼŪͲ˵ˡ
½֮ھãոԼ̫ˣȺڵ۾ȻѩģлȻһԡ䡱ޡ
ͷ˵£׷ʵǸأ㲻˵ˣôģ
Ǻӱö˶˵лҡ΢Ҳ˳糣ͷˡһвҶǸɵġһ꣬˵Ҫӻҿڻлҵİ·ϣӽһƬɽ
½֮ûжһ˲·бҵĻ¶ȶȻ
΢еԷ˷硣֪½֮⹥˭ֻʵڱŭ֡
ҵϢ½֮ɫ˵ƽģȻأ
лһΪѺӼңӼΪѺӴлҡȴҷֺӲˣѾ¡ӼҺлǻѶ޵һ·ɽˣûҵˡ
»ͦġӼҼһ⣬ӼңϾ˸ŮϵлҲʹ˶Ͻ
½֮Цһ
پЩҲֳ¡˵Щʲôã
½֮岻ȣ΢룬ȰҲ֪ĶõĻɡҾãл߲һǸӡ
лǡȲ˵ʧ֢κãһС㶪ɽôģ
֪Ϊʲô½֮ԼԤУл߾Ǹӡ
һСӣôģ
ʱ½֮ݣлߡҲֻ꣬¶ֻ֪֪л߱𣬴ӡ룬лߴһɽʳѰˮҰޣ·ꡣȻû̫գҲһ˫ĥĶѪߵ̵ĵط
ʵ½֮󣬾һֱܺڣԼΪʲôûѰ߽ӵߣðƯʱ⡣
һ˲䣬½֮ʶʲôС絶ʡ
½֮ǱԼļָӡ֮£㱣ܡ
΢ͷġ

Χ˵ߣлߵã½֮ȥ΢ʲôƽϵġ
ԴӺô˵Ҳ˵֮лѾ˶Գ˽ͣ½֮װ׵Ĺϵ
ֻڶ½֮Ŀǣл߻̲סΪ䣺֮εҪ¡
ŵʦлʦ֣Ҳ˵ˡúϢɡ
˵ţ˳ʦÿˡ
лߣ
Ǵ׷ȥΪ½֮һոܳȥʦãʦÿߡ
½ʦʵ̫䲻лʦ֣Ҳ¹дأ
лͣ׷ȥĽŲ
ʵ룬֮ӦҲԼⷽûɣ
л˼½֮ԸԸ⣬Ϊóٵϴ԰ɡ˼Ǩ񡱡½֮͵Žˡ
л߸վһ仰˵½֮˹ס
½֮§ڻþȫ޲ýԼĹѪ޲ػعȥʱ⣬л߸ճʱҵκ˺
лߵĶˣ
ôСίģ
л̧֣½֮ĺףһ㣬ôؾ۸𣿡
½֮Ķ˵ڣķζſı߳ءлʵĻֻԭʱ룬ʱһ¡
ΪӺһӣԺ£¸
ؾ۸
۸𣿣
⻰˵ĶôȻ޹
źǣӻþһ̣澭ÿһ½֮ǰĿ
û۸ңԼû𣿣
֮ˣҳΣϾ͸Ұҩȵˣ
ô˼ʳ֣ҪΪҴ򱧲ƽһĻ
½֮ŻþһУһĬĬһѪȥл߿ĵط¶һеҧгݵı飺ûСû۸ҡ
лҪ˵ʣ
ûлõ壬ʵҲԼġֻ˵⣬ûлǡľͲϵͳ˵ϵͳǹƭģϵͳԼҲǺ
ӼһֱҲΪˡӼߣҪΪ˺顣
ϣ߳˳Ǻͷ֮֨⣬Ҳп΢һµˡȻ԰˵ǷʷʲҪģ


31 
װ꾫µķ, İȴأδ, ʲôû, ſյģܷӼ˵ʡ
Ӻ˵òᣬʱ, ʿˡȫ¶˿ڣѪö˶һ±˺ãѪճϡ
صסǼ·ѵʱ, Ŵ˿ڴ˺̲סᡣ
ӺȴΪ, ½·ѵ, Լǰ˿ڣ͸ɴſٴϣʾױ˿ڴճŵм
ױĶֶȴźƽûʲô, Ϥ˻ܿ, ͦġ
Ӻİ, һվŵˣѩǵϳޡ
̰ˣһԼϵ˿, еߵħûã
ӺøͷͣþǲǼֻħǼֻħ˼ҽȥҲǱƲ
ԼҲֻǿŻˡˣȻû˵˳ʲôѾҪˣҪ˴Ӻζ
һϸ龭ϳһ̽ʵ˵Ҳժˣû
ϳû˵˭ﶼ
Ӻоűϸϸʹôˣôûûˣϳôһʣ˼ʱˣӺһ߻źл߶ݵĽӴһĲɵطܶˣˡ
˴۵Сһû˵˼ϳ룺СӣȻҵθڣ
ΪһڿأСӼƽϡϳ಻סʵô
Ӻ֪ʣʲôô
ϳļ㲻𣿾û˵˵
ӺƬ̣һһʮʵҸô˵ġ費Ҫҡҡͷˡ
ϳۣûģûˣ
Ӻͷûˡ
ϳһ˲䣬оĳ־ûãҲûãһӣʲôã
ѵÿͷӳԱӺһƽ۵װصЦڵʵʵԼ˵˭Ҳȥ𣿡
˺ܾã󲿷˶ţǸѾɽУҲʬ壬ѾҰ޸СлȳѰҡӼȻ˵ףҲʲôϣˡ
˭֪ǰȴõϢ
˵ǱȥţҪȥϳɸ֣ײţõĻᣬһ㰡ŰŴҲ𣿣ʱ˳ѩͰ
ӺһѣһҪء
ҵʧɢ꣬ıܣԼûϵæչʾһֳļʵ۰򣬾˼Ұæô£
˵½֮ء߻ûϽôȵ½֮
ʱһֱھվţĬŮ̲סˣһƿԼɷ򣺡ͷӷϻĸ˵˵߶
ƺ֪ôԥһ£ֻ۰ͰͿӺ㡣
ĸˣѾͷôӵۣӺھˡӺл߲Զվţ費ҪæӣҲ̲ס̣ͦԵġ
͵һԡ
л߶֮ǰѩסһʱ䡣
꼸ȫĮֶʹչˡڿȥȰԼŮֻýӵӺǻոʮ꣬Ѿʲôʧ֢ԼСıܷǳչˡ
Ȼ˵ҲˣĺܹԡιſڣвϲԵĶ㿪ҪιǻίͰ͵سȥ
ϲ˽Ӵϲǣһ֡ڷƳϣẦ£ͻĬ§㲱ӡ
ǶûĵطƯֹɵСӳˣ֪˶ٿ࣬ųõһꡣ
˹ģǼЩϴֲһӺһ˵ţһüȻл˹İ˹ġǺõ֡
ͷʵҲһлߵӰ񣬵ϾӺۼУ档Ӻô˵ǵȻôõĻᣬȴûס
Ӻ˿ڲ裬ƽѩ볯ǵٳͬʱϮѵҲúһ´𣿡
˵ñͬʲôġʱ¼
ϳͷࣺ¹غ˥¹شҲȥһ˰ɡ

ʱ򣬳Ǽ˶ǱȻҪԼ˵ժڷʲô
ºܼ򵥣ժؾĽͻȻ䱡λ֣ǿһӣ˷˳
ȻǵͷҴʯһ±Ƶطֱһ±Ƶسˡͷβʲô֪
лɽе澵ӣӺ㡣
½֮˵Ҳ澵ӣںü֮ǰлҵʱѾӻþɽ뿪ˡ
λӶһۣص˼Ǿӵ£ǻȥúϢ˵
֮ǰ˵÷ֿ˯ˣºˣ½֮ʾԼؾܵ˾ţָлһ˯Ĺ
Ųţ˭Ҳ֪̺ͱͦġ
ҹ½֮ȥл˼ҪҪȥͻȻ½֮ʣߣûлʲôˣ
ле㾪ȣΪʲô½֮⡣ʵشҲû밡֪ʲôˡ
Ա˵ѯʣлֻ˵ǴСˣǵøĸ½֮ȴԸļٻȥŪ˵½֮һĳ
½֮һԭΪʱʧ֢Ǽǲʱµġ
ֱѪԵϵзһĻʦлԥһ£ԸƺԷΪߡĸסίҵǸˣһӦǸҵС㡣Ǽ˺ر٣ҲرæûΣҲǺ
ʵ˵һֻ΢޸һ´ǣ뱾Щ
½֮΢лһԻҡĪӼذߣ˵ѧʮ㡣
岻ǺܺãǶûʲô顣Сʱһֱסҽûôǡ΢һ㣬Űҽӻȥл߲ǺԸ½֮ϸЩȥһֱڱУһĺӣ̫˵ҡַһЩ£Ҿ뿪ˡ
û취½֮ĸǸӡõʱҲʩһᣬǸͨȰĸף鲻ãͻЪ˹û취Ǹ˺˷𣬾ȫлȥˡ
һΣĵƬ˶ţ˺Ťһﳤȥڼﺿޡл߻СŰʣˮȣȴˮ
Ȼл߾ͱл˽ˡ
ˣҲ
ʳǣҲϾǸƿҳԵϵűˡ˭Ҳ볤þõ̯鷳ס죬Ǽס죬ﶼǼ¡
л룬Լϸ½뿪ҲΪ½֮֡㵱Ȼһ𡱵̬ȣֱ̫׳˰ɡ
һȥ˭ҲҪûӦúԼӦһˡ
½֮ûʣԽ֮Ľޣл߰ԼҶá
˵ˣ˵ʲôǣ˵ʲôĸһ룬ֻ˵Լ
Ǹر֣أκβٵĳŵ
ֻ֤һģֻ֤Լ⡣
ҹɫлѵò½֮ǰװݵֳļӡ½֮ͷ̲ס̧§ס½֮Ӧš
Ȼ½֮ԣԼºͺƢƽһԼͣչ˶ԷлԼ֪½֮Ƕõġ
½֮ĺ̹϶ȣ˲֪
˵˰£лһգͻȻһ磬Цʵˣ֮ǰ˵ժǻҪʲô񣿡
ĺܾˡ
лͻȻо½֮׵͵رˡ˵ոյһֿɿơھе۸˵ζˡ
л߾еƣһ¡
½֮Ĳ鲻Ըؽſòķǳ䡣ںڰжӣ½֮ͻȻشչȥлϿһڣ
ûкҲȲᣬٳɹл˸ӡ
лϵһȦˮ˶ˣʵ㲻ϸҿԭΣΪ㲻һֻ񣬶һ𣿣
½֮ˣѾԹԱȥװԼ˯ˡ
лת
½֮ʼСࡣ
лߣ
ողǻ˵ҪҺ𣿣
ǣ
лҪ˵лߣǶҺã
ܱ֨㰴ͷκðɣǣˣ


32 
峿, ՝ͬ΢ꡣ
ժǳǲ񳯷, Զߴߴ, Ҳϲߣͼצצ½̵֮Ⱥժǳǵ峿徲
½֮ѵ磬, ˯֮ǰŵˣ˯
лۣ߱ͬѻ𣬺ڷɢϣϢ೤һ˰˯ͼΨǸӡ, һĻ롣
һϣӡѾô, ϸ, ܿۼ
һȦӡ½֮Щ飬̲סĹĵ룺ԼѾܺƢˡǰ۸Լġ
һʱ嶯ҧȥʱ, ȫûҧ, Ȼĸо
½֮Թһ㡣ϡ, ֻں̶ףԶƮĻΪʳҧܻһϸˬ, ּŻ㡣
ţ½֮ԼеֱϽͷԼһʱƲסٴȥҧһڡ
Ͼǰߣ㡣
½̧֣֮߱ҹɫ֯ɵĻ£⡣
ڻþ£ֻ¶ûôúϢ
ƽ½֮л˯ܾܿãȴԽԽĸꡣۿл߻˯ðȣɴ´ȥ˷Ӵ
Ϊȥͦ磬ǵԺſڣ־ȻѾˡ
ӺĪӼվԺӣӺӦҪǡ
Ӻ㿴һ½֮δкֻĪӼ˵ǣشĻֻ֮²ǽһǣһˡЯӦԣҳŪ֮ˡ
ĪӼ˺ЦͷȴûнӻӺҲ·½֮ʱ˵ͷȥ
½֮ҴǴк׷˳ȥ
ӺߵƫƧʯɽ£ͣס˽Ųת½ѡ
ӺϵǣڻþлһֿܵĶԷյɫȴ൱ƽأԴǿУЩӵ̸һ̸֪ӵѿϾ
½֮ɵҲЩʣֻʱ򶼲Ըȥˡ
½᰺ħСͿ˼ӱܡɳƷз£˴ӲǿǰֵصܵҪٰѸ׶ڵϴ⡣
Ļ˵ܿɹ󣬲ÿۡȵõϡȫʱȻҲѧˡ
漰лߣҲɲȫ
½֮Ӻ۾˵㲻۵׵ĹٷЦʵҪ˵ʲôӵġ
ʵϸܿӺлüۼļơӺûʲô飬ȥһһ۵ġһͷˣȷʵʧıܡߺ󾱴߶ḡһ˪ƽûʲôãͷܽѩǻ֮Ӽҵط
طաʱӳϧ˶ⶣΪµġ
ҲӼңΪʲô˵ԭ
µǼ٣˳ǣ½֮ԼҲȥ顣οµӼҵȷлߵݣѾҪˡ
Ҫǣҹ̽лߵ̬ȡлȻʲôĸͥû֮⡣ȻˣЩ£ûֹͣǰһ
ʧ£ҶźǽʮӶȥˣӼʢ糣߰ȶգ˶úܺáӵֺαأοĸ׵״ӣ˵ǶҲûʲôֱ𣬳ĺ󱳺̣˭κɣ
½֮˼
ûסҲˡ
Ӻ㲢ñðӦصͷӼûҪ½ҿ߰Ҫȥ˼
ʲôҲûɣԼ꣬˼ʮ꣬òſھѿɵĻ޶Լһ԰ȥⲻ˸¡
οӼһĹ˼ɡ
ˣӺ룬½֮ǿҲԼңлҲûáŰнļѡǱǱֻ֪Ҫ
ĵȻûҪ˼ʲôѪԵ֡Էţһ޶֣Ҳ˵ġлȫ֮˵Ҫ˽ࡣ
װףɸɾģʲô֪
½֮ĵɣȴԲɫЦá

лһ˯úܳ
УϤůϢΧţоܰġµƣ͵һȻУͬɳ̲ҵ֣һĳˮˢɾֻϸİɫϸɳһööɫǡ
ۣӻһƬڰߵıȴѾˡ˯ѵлԴǿհ׵ģһߵߣһ½֮µĻ͡
ôһ˲䣬лͻȻ룺֮䣬ʵδ½֮벻
˼档
л߻·ȥѰǡ
·ӭǵͬšлЦŴкȴֶⷢԷԼ۾𾪵㣬֧֧ᡣ
һҲͰˣĸȫ
л̲ﲻԣҸطһաһӴЩʦãָָԼ
л˲ˣ
ʶס̧ͷҶӣഥ̿쿴أңһʵʲôҲûģ
лһ½̶֮ѾԱҲͲˡ
½֮ö˶˴չͿһȡֵΪлĮ룺ҵģҲǻá
ݵط֣ǸӡѾ˺ۼһͬſҪԼı飬лƽ򶨣ҧˡ
ϲŭ޳˵Ĺӡ
ʦʦƴͷš
мĳȱʦܵġѵǱ𡱣ȻԱߵʦúݺڶšһѵĲҺ
лһͷװԼʲôҲûʲôû棬Ʈưˡ
οԼţȻѾأ뵽½֮ң漣úҲûʲôء
лߵպ½֮ӺӼɽȺг
½֮ʶл߳
Ӻ㿴½֮лߵ͵ժؾϮһ¡֮ؾһʣ˵˻
½֮ʱ
ȻӺĻԣӺ㿴Ŀֱº񣺡֮ؾеһɽ
½֮һ飺ԣһɽͷϣڴʯʱʶģ
лҲûɡӺߺлתͷߵ½֮󣬴ͷɥġ
л·ϵΣּۿ죬һס½֮߳ðѧҧǰɣбڼװ˯
½֮Ҳȥлߵ
ÿǶ˪ҲӺлֵˡ
ϿŶһغĺˣʵȫǻˮ֪۸ʵ
лҪ˵Ӻ㡾вҺ֮һʣ
ߡǿϴԡʵֻΣ
֨Сû£ʱծܳң


33 
Ƕ黥, Աߴһ΢ģȫǳĿĵĿ
ȿȡ
л߶һ, ʧ, ̽˻ת˲ֱ˹ģֹׯģ, ͷһڷӣȻλͬţվڲԶ
ȻüŪۡոԣȻɵġ
ĪһѾصһ, Ҫǵ½֮ǳ˳顣
˵˵, ҪڸƫƧĵط, ҲͼװĬĬ߿ˡ
Ĵ·ڣǴΣǻұ, ⶼʰ˿ʲôӣ
᯷ԲʰʰǾ̻ȥ
½֮üͷ΢΢š𣺡ﲻ˵Ѿ·𣿡
л, Ӻ, ˭Ҳû澵ӵĴڡժǳǰӿȺ鼤ߡ
˵ȾӵֻӺ㡢½֮лˡժؾ˸ϾǣгǺĵĴ¡
Ǽ, ´ξпκһ
ôܲŪôȥ
վģʲôµСӣƽϣҲǳǵĸ߶ս
᯷ӲǣǸյϢڽ賿һλħѹתȥǱ֧ԮҲһ˲׷ˡ
˵˭ҲһλƢЩֱЦһֻʹЩֶΣҲѹִý㣬Ƕڵ
Īֹ̧סĻлߡ½֮ԼȻֻࣺʱãҵĹȻôȥǳưͿ
˶һ£ɫӦǡ
Ǳߵժǻʲô£龵˭˭ʲôҪˡ
ʿ󲿷ֶڽУҲûʲôҪʰġ˵Ҫܿ׼ˡ
ۿ½½룬Ҫ̣лȴ½֮ͻȻˡ
л߳ȥңߵսǣͿ½֮һ˵
ԼǸӺ㡣
½̧ۣ֮лվڲԶԭҪ˵Ļ˸Դǵ㲻˵ˣ
Ӻһ¡մ߻ȥյϢ̸ϻѩǣٺлӴ˻½֮лӵ㶫ողǻ˵ĺúõģôͻȻĿڣ
ɵǶһ͵
Ҳյģ½֮࣬ʹǸˣǲǿģ
Ӻ㣺
Ӻ·ʲôת
лײһĻеΣ׼˻ȥͱӺתײ˸š
Ӻ㣺
л߽ͣ˵Լ͵͵½֮ʲôģֻһŹ½֮һ߱ȶضлߵͷ뿪ˡ
лɫ糣Ĳ졣
Ӻ㿴ųĬԣԸȻô𣬲ż˼׷סȻ˲òడ
½֮˳ϳԵıֻǳסлߵĲӣ߰ɡ

߳ħϢѾʮڴˡժǳǵնͳлע⵽ü֧Ҳʰң׼뿪
츻ж壬࣬ʵǿʢСЩ壬壻Ǳš֮иĻ
Щǲħġ
ħһʼ쳤壬մȾת
ǶǴ̰ǣ־ԹǣаŰǡЩĵ֮䡣
ѰһУʱ򣬵඼ֹ룬ЩСĳ̶ȡΨмٵһ֣ĵ̫ʢͻĳޣͻħ
ħ޵߳˵߻ħġħһ¡߻ħֻг˲ӣʱѣʱ磻ħʵ⣬ǳͷβһ֡
л߹ȥ׷һħ֮ˡǸαװܺõɱƽȴ൱Т˳йĸڶħ죬ԥĸ˺ˡ
һط۵ĳ̶ֳȣгħ塣
ħȫȼԽǵȼߵħ壬ԽǿħеλҲԽ磬кȺħ֮
˴εħΪ൱޵߿еʥףħҲһ֮ң
лϣŴⲻӹķҲЩ
Ȼûǧǰǳħ֮սҲʶħбѪϴׯСĲ״ħʵǿ˵ȻǼ¡
½֮һԣע⵽лߣµڵʲôȥѴӹϣģʥ׶ȥ˺üֻһħѹסġ
лüȴδɢǵһħֻǣܸо⼸꣬ħԽԽƵħĴҲԽԽ࣬в߽սֻħ򽫳ɡ
½֮ͷϵջۣҪʧصġ
ŷһɨաȻҳԹһδ֪û£һ쵽̸顣ϾȥһǧˣȫСۻڣҲС
½֮ȴʲôõǵģڵ˳ĶУĪǰ̡ħĻٴȥͺˡ
򲻹ˣҲûʲôźĵġ
˵½֮ͻȻٹһʱ䣬ס˾磬ҵ뿪ѧ
лȻ֪½֮Ҫȥ仰ָ΢١ѹĵĪĵ䣬ԼͺӳŶļҳЦø˭һȥĶ𣿡
½֮Ը񣬹ΣĶ꣬лֻϣѪߡ
֮ǰԼȻģȥǹ٣Ӧòü龵һɣҲûҪ½֮˼ͳһµĵͼлߣһϲĶѡطȥꡣ
лһ㶣ǹ٣
ʵѧҲ˵ΪǴҡ
ѧӳѧҵѡ
һȥȥĶȥģһڷӵľټ£ڳͳ򣬽ӡѧν̡Ϊǹٵȡ
½֮ȻҪǻǺңԶ¡½ǲڵѡġ
½֮ϲĴϲսֻвսΣһֱͻȥ
ǹһأƽһͲ½֮ѡΧڡ
½֮ȣһ£Сĵߣ㲻ǹ𣿡
ȥȻһԸ⡣ɾǰѵһ˳°ѹҲûһĹ
½ܱ֤֮ʱʱŰߣȻҴȥðա
½֮ΪлĲȥѵÿĵȰһֱǹٰǿ꣬ʱٴˣȥ¡
½֮ˣѡȽصСطĻͿԸسȥħһȻҲܰȵشڳ
л߿½֮촽˺ü£Цð
лҪ˵˭ܲǷ֨ء


34 
εժǻִɢ, Ҳû˹յˡ
½֮ͣͽǰʮ, ǻ൱ġ
Ȼ϶в, ˵½ݺ
½֮سȡսݣһĨɫӰӳͻȻ뵽ʲô, Ųһپϧ½ݺз
תšžһˡ
½ݺסӣҵĳأ
½֮Ŀ֣һ, ģѵãʲôһ쵽úͻЩ߰Ķ
½ݺޱ飺дֱ˵ѵһ˶ģⱨ, ȥ߸۸𣿡
½֮
ŵﲻڼ, ֱ
֮ǰ½֮ͻȻõҲȫûôôдӵģܸöһɡ
΢һ±, ֵһʣԼ޹أ˵ʲô, һ˸׺û, һ죬׼ӦȴͻȻڲˡ
˵˭ͻȻŵ˰Եζ, ½ݺ̷½֮Ҫ²üëҲû׽µѣ½ݺµȻ
½֮üô˵Ϊʲô
½ݺԥΪ֮ͻȻ֣֮Ѫ𣡲죡ǲͬһģ
½֮ǳ˳飺ҾӦòԭ򡣡
ǺѩһһûʲôɡУӦҲվڳһߡ
½ݺ̸Ŀڣ²ҲǸ֮ͻȻ֣Լ˲֢֮˺Էֻװɵ
½֮һ޶ס½ݺķ٣Ƿǰɣ
ȵȵȵȣ½ſ
һʼû½֮룬Ϊã½֮ڴӦ˭׵Ŀԡ½֮ô£½ݺͻȻһֲõԤУѵǰ߸ˣ
½֮һۣû˵
½ݺţȷԼΣ
½֮Ρ֣ȥ½ݺС١
½ݺ㿪ˣɴ۾ǵһʶ½֮һΧתȦҵ찡
糤úãΪߣǮŵҲͦ˵ġ֪Ůϲ½ݺǲ⡣ǾȻ߸Ҳϲ
½ݺת˺üȦǲôĸʲôֵϲģɥɥ߸Ķã̫С
Ȼϲ½ôֳƨ
½֮ѵи½ݺһµʱΪȻصͷǰһؾȻ˵ɰҶ㡣˵Ϲʲôֱ𣿡
½ݺˣ
߸粻ϣʵֻǲعԼɫϵĺʷɣ
½֮һҲûиϧõԾСһסĲӣ밤ǰɣ
½ݺ򲻹½֮½֮ҲҸ״ŭĿӺܾãͬʱ֡
˵ʵǰ߸磬½ݺĲʣ鲻Ըسϣ׺Ҳȷʵеְ
½֮½ݺ˵˾񻰣ҲӲ˵ˣлߵΪж֣
½ݺеͬؿ½֮
û½֮ôģϲϲлߡ
Ȼ½ɵܻûʶҲ֪Ҫһ˼ûУԷװɵԼ˻ﻹڻطʡ
½ݺʹҸĽǶ˵ҾҲȫûдġ
òĺ£Ͻشͺ𣿷ǵʲô룿㿴ⲻͼɵ򣬹壬û
ˣżܴԣ߳ŭǨŭҲɲ˼ΪΣշӣȥҰ߸鷳ɡ
ʲôľͲҪˡ
ΪѸߣ½ݺ˼ӰʯҪ´ΰ߸Ϲǵ֤ݡ
ȻҲ֪ڶڲˣôеڶΣԼȥÿһ㡣
½󱦡

л߲֪ʲô
˼׵¡
ժǻ·ϣҼôһϣ˯һݡһף΢һ£ֵ˾֪Σ
ȻæŴ⼸µ¡л֮ǰһֱڰѧԺķǴ
ڻŪˣԼصĵħһ£Ҳزˣ½᰷ڻ·ϡ
ʵûʲôȥˡ
Щ죬ﻹһ¡
ʵл߸ͲϵͳһʼϴӦһƣȻƶϾʲô¡
ںûöԷԼϡʲôǡԼãϵͳν˵ǣһ
ֱǰЩӣиص׹ƽֱһ˵ɺͲȫȥ
һϣҲǲܶһġ
лԼ衣
ʲôأ
ԼڻþУʲô֪ҲѾģϰһ
£һ졣
λܸĽһ´ǣڱ֮עرʾһԼƵᣬ;˶ľġ
ղײգպý½֮Ҳ˳ͻþĿͷ࣬Žĸ˵Ҳþһ˳
ɴ½ˣҲܷһʯͷ
ţ桰֨ѽһ˻δѾԾЦ⣺ˣ
½֮ƿţͷɥֱԹؿһۣû˵Լˤڴϡ
½ֵֹ֮ģеϲŭ޳
ⷴӦȥժǻ·ϾͿʼˣôҲûʲôΣлѾ෴ӦΪжڡഺڡġڡ̫ϡ
˾лɣ·ЩͷĹǶʱɢˡչȥǳɵشһ½֮ι
½֮ˣ֣ڱʲôֶŵġ
лƫҪֶšץֻ֣ϵͷڳͶơ½֮Ҫһ½֮͵طֿסлߵ󣬲һ˳ְл߸°˴ϡ
½֮Լһ֣ҲЩе⣺ӮˣˣҪȫ硣
л߲Ųһ߹˽رʾȫ硱һȴ½֮ס˺󾱡
𶯣
½֮ͻȻӺ֮ǰ˵Ļлߺһ˪䣬ܿ
ʵ⼸Ҳ˴лҵ£Ϻ΢˵ǺϡлĻȷʵлмơ
˿̣½֮л޳ĺ󾱣ʹ룺Ĵ£ǸøϽһ㡣
½֮лûٷɴ˳ſȥʣôˣ
½֮˸ɣߣҸ㰴Ӱɡ
ϡôôԣ
лЦð
лߺϤ½֮ůǴģ뾭ֱں󾱣ͷһΡ
տʼˮůůģ½֮󣬺
ܿ죬л߾͸о̫Ծ
ӦůʵģΪʲôͻȻƤ
ײ½֮ȵĺȽ֯ǿССƤͻȻͱø⽿ܲ꣬ⷺһʹ
֮
л߾Լ̫ȣһѹֵĴϢǻҺˣſɡ
ǰͣȴ߻谵Ӱ֮䣬ŴϢ΢һֻ
½֮ûôһ˲䣬лã½֮󾱵
̣½֮ͷſˣոһ˲ֻлߵĴ
лⷿո죬ֱʶԼ֮ǰ˵£һ֮Ǵȥתתɡδɽâˡ
ɽƬС֮ԲλԵȻΪڹƫΪСһֻ
ϡǣҹſ΢ƣâ
ҹѰˣ㱻ܾҲǿΪֻȥѡ
л̲ס²˻þ䣺Ȼþ֡л˵ļ򵥴ֱҪίˣ

½֮лԱߡ
ոסлߺ󾱣ȻǶ˪
ǻƯƽյлһģų
һжúõģֱ½֮Ȼ֣лߺͻȻͺһƬ˪ܲһ㣬΢΢Ȼл߲ܰ㣬ӽյУ©ѹֵĴϢʡ
½֮л߿һ̣һİӸƫµĵطӿƫƫлʱҪ붼û룬ܵؼ˽µˣƵá
ܿ죬½֮ͷӦ˹ⲻǰߡ
Ƿſˣɸոһ̵ķӦûȫȥ½֮ˡһƬע⵽лڿʶһȣҪڵʲô
û侲оʲôлߵǾ롣
ڵӻǳɹ׽˹ؼʡ
ɽâ
һĪԤиˮ棬½֮һ٣ˡƽľ衱ҲˣҲˣҲˡ
յֵģȺӰʯ۾΢УɫȻȥСֿа
лҪ˵⵱ȻսѼ
˵Ƿ֨ϵġɡҺð¶֪бܵͳ嶯һȥĸо


35 
½֮лסŵСԺ, ɽƬ˰ѧ
տʼã·ͬ, ҲµҪȥ
, ԽԽƫƧƻϡԭ·ʱʱеǳȺӵЦ, ҲˡлҵǣһͨɽֵСûʲôˡ
˴Ŷ·ˡɽֲãл߱ע⵽ǰӰ, ƺӰżֿ, ܿһ
л߳ͣ˲, ǻһ߰ɡ
½֮վԣЦһôˣ±˿𣿡
лһ㶡Ȼȷʵеôû⻰½֮˵ôоֵֹģ
½֮ܿͽŵ˼ҳǰ, ȷʵþš߰ɡ
л߱һ˲ĹԺипȻ˲ٰ
ǻǰ, һС·, ֻҪǾԷֿЩ֣½֮رݵشм䴩ȥ, ȫԼΪʲôԡ
Ŷã֪ܿ˼Լ᳡ˡ
ѧռعڶ࣬Լʵڲ١ûãл߾ͽײ˺üԣһԲïܵĻУ·һˣ½ּ֮ۿ죬㿪
ôתת֪䣬Ѿߵɽ
Ѿȫƻĺۼˡ
̸ڣͣͷï֦Ҷ·Ҫ¡¹ˮ֦Ҷķ϶ڵ̳׵Ļۡ
âңΪâƣ¹̾͵ĻУһۻιȥԷֱ档
紵Ҷҡ
ԴĺŲ
ѹִϲطԼᡣ
İžɽּ䣬ͺ磬ֻʣһ
Ե½֮һ·ĬţרѰлȴǹű¡֣е㳱ʪ뿪ڣߣȥ
̫ãûзâȥƵ졣
ϵͳȦӣڻعζ:ǲǽţ
лһ٣ƽˮٷɿ:ôܣ
ϧлƽôȴӦ죬û˼ѿڶشĿŶȴ󽵵͡
õ˵һ:ʲôýŵģ
ϵͳҲĽҪͷǱõŶӷΧɡлһ:ѽʲôýŵģ
л߱ʾ϶:û
ϵͳٽ:㲻Ѿڻþϰһ붼ǳɹˡ
лս:˵Ķԡ
ڶ֪ȶˣһ֪Ŀԣǵ֣ϵͳлԼеĹػȻǶһ㣡ڵϹģ˭֪أ½֮ᣬ㵽ʱ򻹲ˣͺ𣿡
Ͻģѵ㲻Ͻ˵ټ𣿣
½֮лϲͷһеظожѵҪԡ
ϵͳġսǰԱл߸оԼ֮ǰԥûʲôҪ
죬Խ飬лһס½֮һ:֮л˵
ڰУΪάƽĿ飬лû̧ͷ½֮ı飬ֻ½֮
ȷ˵
ôԼֻ˼
ͷһͱлһֱŵġ񡱳ɢˡ
л룬ʲôأ
˶δþŵĶӣ΢̵һ:֮ʶʮ꣬аô㵱õֵܣҪˣһ⣬ʵǵĹϵӰ첻󡣡
Ե½֮ûɻ:ʲô⣿
лһп񺰡ôΪʲôҪ顱һɫƽ޲:֮㡣
л߾Լֵطǳã͡㹽ڶӡûʲôӦòڶ½̫֮˺
Ҳϣ˶ݵĳĬ
лȡ˻þеĽѵȻ֪½֮᲻Զô󣬵Էһǳ½֮òȶ:ʵ˵õʲôӦֻ˵Ҳһź㲻Ϊ֣֮˼̫ࡣ
ԸϽģþܾʱ;ܾҪĥĥģܾ껹ϵϻؼҳԷ
½֮ȴþһҲһûʧ룬ٸ׵:ʲôʱʼģ
ôʲô
лϣһʱҲ಻ֻ˵˸ܴ:ǲˡ
½֮ʣϽӿ:Ҫ˵ľЩԻشˡûϵģʲôشҶܡ
½֮ںڰУЦһ:ð
лһ:Ȼˣ⻰͵û˵ǻ͡
Ļ˵һ룬ͻȻʶ½֮شе̡
ͣסˡ
ϵͳףɵҲԺȻֹ
һһͳͬʱ̧ͷ
˵ʲô
˵ʲô
˵ð½֮ʣ־ãƮƮ仰һһͳˣոյĻҶӰʯ¼ˡ룬ٸ㵹ȥ

лȫ֪ôչһġ
ＸհһƬ
ȱ󴥵ʲôֲڵĶŷӦʶԼ½֮һѣײϡ
ײײվȣʶǰûܳɹ
Ϊ½֮ɼ䡣
Ǿķǳ½֮סͱϣ
ԭּʱܿк¹⣬˿̣½֮νеĹⶼ棬һǽΧһֺڰĽ䡣
л֪½֮ߡǹȥ½֮ʲôѹȸСֱһ̡
л˲ȥ˼½֮Ļشˣִٵ½֮һ:ʲô
½֮˿δץ֣ϡ
ո˵Ľңż˵á½֮ƽؽԹظһ飬ҵóսۣǵˡ
Ӷıʺ⣬лͷת򡣲Щûһ:£
ԺϵͳļѾνˣƽϰˣлԼУ
ǵˡ仰Ȼ½֮˵
л߼ֱ綼Ծˣ̲סĳֻ:ѵǰһжΣ
Ҹûдӻþ
½֮лãȻģֻǰЩ˳ˣǳã
ȫл߻վԭ±ƣԹԵذѾǧ󷽵:ǰ£Ե׸ɣ
л߱仰Ǻȥ㤵̧ͷͿ½֮˹
½֮һʼֻǹŻлߡ
Ȼķ²ӣҲײᡣ֪֮䣬Ƿʽ
ûףֻ뱨л֮ǰ۸¡
˵Ż֮ľԽԽлϵϢ˱ǶǳĻ㡣
½֮ͻȻˣ֮ǰлҧһ¡
л嵭ˣ·嵭嵭嵭ĵطӦþǴһĨǳɫ
½֮ϲɫ
Ȼߵ촽ֻǳǳģһЩǣôԣȻÿǰģĺ춹ɳ
ҧϣӦûһЩһЩ
½֮ϢһӾͱˡ
һ£еͷ硸:۸ҵġҧһ£Ҿǿƽ֮ǰˡ
ҧӦҲԡ
Ҳ˵˰õֵܣҧһ죬Ҳûʲôɡ
½֮ԽԽȻ󡭡
Ȼлߺݺݲһš
лҪ˵֨߳ŭ:Ҷֵܣҧһôˣ


36 
лۿ½֮Ҫ׹, ƵһŲȵּء
½֮δж, ֻû뵽л߻, 𾪵һ١лߵԭ½֮ţѰ϶, ͵½֮һѡ
½֮˼
¿ǳװˡ
˭Ҳ˵ֻ˵Ĵ
½֮ĵζӣЩûڡ
ԼʱôˣħһȻ֪֮һǳζ¡
΢Щ, ˵£û׹κ, ĸĸ
ҧ, һʱ嶯֡ҧ졭
߿϶ñðˡ½֮ǸҲͲͷ
ĵ׻ͷ, Ƕͷµʧ䣻Ĳޡ
˵Ľҡ
лԿϡƿ½֮, ûǰѹ, ȴһЩô
лָ:ʲô
Ϊƽѹ, Ͳ̫ˡ
½֮л߷·һʱһĲðͷҲһ:㰡ʲô
㣡
½֮˵ֱ̫׳ͺ쾭һлãȻ޴룬һʱ֪˵Щʲô
½֮Խ˵ԽԼίһ·߸ͽ:˵ңҴӦˣ㣬ʲôԣ
лڴ𾪿հУҪһ¡
Ϊ񣬶½֮ס½֮Ӧˡ
Ӧˡ
ԣлǿԼ侲һ˲
²һ½֮ķӦΨûһ֡
˵֮ǰʲô½֮Ը鷴Ӧٶ۵񾭣Ҳ̫ܻɣһڴӦþǸ½֮ĻӦҪл߾øʵЩ
ڵķӦáǣ½֮ԤϣŶһ
лϸϸأѴӸ׵ڵĶԻһ飬ڴӸӵͬһ߹հƵע⵽һССģ۵ͷӰʯ
Ӱʯ¼Ȼ׼ڡ
½֮ô֪Ҫڣ
Ѿˡʲôԭ֮ϵͳ֮ǰƲǴġ
½֪֮˻þз£ʱڻþ
лԼԻþ½֮ʲô
½֮ףŵĶӡȻͷԼΣϾ͸ҩȡ
л:
ĻҲ½֮ΪʲôӦˡ
ֻҪܰлҲͲˡ
βͶҪ̵ȥ½֮:СӾ档ѵ¼Ͳܷ
½֮Ϊл߶µƿԶմմϲͿлһ֮ǰãȻ޴¶ģζ΢΢Ц
زĳֲı仯غһӰʯصȥ
գ۵ĹлתѾһӦԵ˵ǡˣ˵һξܾĽǾܾ𣿡
ûڣϵͳǱ߷Ӧˣл:ע⣡ûɣǧݲˣ㻹ýݰĽߣ
ҲҪл籾ءգ֮䣬ֻһס
л߶ɫ΢һ԰׷ŭģ:㣬ҲضԴңϷŪңҵʲôˣ
½֮:Ҫݣǰɣ
Ѳ½֮:Ȼ㵱ҵĵ£
½֮ᵽʲôСûһŬ޼ֵùȥ½ݺЩû׿
Цһ:Ҿ֪Լĵ£ӵϷŪ裿Ǿȥʣѵȵģ𣡡
лһ:ȻеѶԸ
лüʹɱ:֮޷֣ʲô£
½ֻ֮ΪŻҪ¡ֻҪס㲻ţ½֮Ҫá
½֮Цˡ
ҵġ
һ:ﰢվҪسǡǼҵĳҲĳҲ鷳ֻҪǡáһ˭ԡھͻȥóʼð죡ǻ游ĸʦⷢ¾Ͱ˺ϼ䣡
˵һѣ½֮ع⣬βӦòƵ:𣿡
л:
ϵͳ:
˵½֮ɴӽȡϵ½ᰵ:ģھ͸Ұ˵˵ס
ϵͳ:ֹ
л͵ذס½֣֮ĶǿѾ:ҲҪʩᣡȻϲңΪʲôҪ
½֮ѿڶ:ϲ㰡˭˵Ҳϲˣ
һڣֻһ¡
½֮ģƲۣԽһЩ:˵ɣʲôʱϼ
лû뵽½֮Ϊ˱Ȼôóȥһʱˡѵþҩ͸½֮ôӰ𣿣
ǿڣͼȰѽŪȥ:ϼһ£Ժ˵
½֮ȴͱ:ΪʲôҪԺ˵ʲôڲ˵ģʵҺϼ԰ɣ
л߱Ƶ䣬޿ˣһᣬɴ:˵㡣ϲ㣬ҲҾҪϼ԰ɣ
ϵͳ̲ס𾪺ͱʱ²۵:˵е㲻˻
лѵñ:㣡Ҫ˵
һ̣ԶĹľԣͻȻһOO@@Ķ
ʵǶСֻǷ紵ʲôС·
лȴ͵ʶԣȥ:˭
ǹľ԰
ΣûҪŹ˼ĥ죬һˡ
ԼΪʲôǸ壡ĻҲԱ棬óξ㤵һĻ
лǰδеı飬ȶе㶶:лʦֻ᲻ɱڣ
лû:滹С
Ƭ̣һıسˣëëͷ׽׽棬װԼʲôҲ
лǶһ£ܿͷӦʵ:ʲô
֧֧:ң
ʵǼϵõѣһ磬ŻЩԼ¡˭֪ײϵĵһԣлߺ½֮
ǲ͵ߣ˭֪˵ûûˣԽ˵ԽŵҲҶ
Ŷ
½֮סл:ʲô˵£
֪˭ҲҪ׵飬૵:µĽԣѵ½ʦ΢Բϸлʦֺϼ𡭡
ôŷˣ
½֮һ΢֣֮ǰл߶΢ĹעҲ֮ǰԼ·лˣʱըëŭ:㣬Ÿռ΢һ棡ʶȥժؾ˽ᣡ㲻Ϻϼǲǵ΢
˵˵
л:
лҪ˵л:籾Ĳһ
΢:ʲô£


37 
պ, ½᰻صǡһ齻Ѿǰ
Щûˡ˵, ժǻһ, Ȼ½֮лûĳʲô£ΪҳǵԵؿûȱ첲ȡ
½᰸ɴ˼һ
ȥñȽ, һžͷղ̫ԡ
ƽվҲҪŶ˽޲ֱӾͼһȻûţмһ½ݺ
, ½֮л, Ǳű˴˵ķ
Ĵһ, ĮؿգһͲ֪ڷʲôƽԴġ硱ҲˡꡱȻϰ, ûʲôЦ⣬͸ǹ侢
½ݺ͸ˡҲ, ҿҲ, ֻðͷţֻҪ굽ӵȥ
½ʶһɫƽ, ָӣ
ĳרҵģɫḻڸмѣ˿ζΨϯգʵһѾ䲻ϳӵһġ
Ƿƽʱûͣʱ
½֮һװ䣬һװ񣬶ˣڼȴе㻰롣½֮²̸еõĸʲôǿĶ֡½ݺ˵Լʲô߰İԣʲô뷨
ڼ仹½֮½ݺĻ๥½᰸˷塣
лߺʱʱһ»𣬻һ¹ּңܻᱬŹա
ɽ죬˭Ҳ˵
½ͼͷժǻ£½֮ûɵط䣬ֵͷԼˡ
½ݺȫͷԣɢһֻ֡ǸĳԲ˹ߣʲôҲ֪ǧҡϢ
лߵǺϵش𻰣½᰿Ǻڰ׷ûʲô񣬾̲סģһҲͣˡ
ۿٷҪһֱԲˣ·ûвκβԵͻȻڣ֮Ī˵ȥǹ٣
½֮Ѿ˿ӣԵͷԡ
½᰺ٸ½֮ѡȻԴе㾪ȣǵͷһĶпȱһʵȥĶ
½֮лߵķ̧̧°ͣᡰߡһȥĶЩ£ڶ˵ˣô֪ȥĶ
лҲ½ֻ֮½ᰣҴ͹
½ڿθۣ㬵ذ֣ˣ˾͸Ͻ
ˣ½ݺӡһſϣоԼҪٳȥͿˡ
½ü֪½ݺʲô
½ݺ̧ͷࣺսΪۡ˭΢һȡ¡
½еûʵ˭΢
½ݺҡͷԣ΢̩һСͦ˭΢ͲҪ
龭ģ߸粻֪Դʲôҩ½󱦸ף½ϲͱʾҪΪ£ɽǰ߸ȻǸУֻף븺𣬾ܾ½󱦺ϼȻ½󱦷߶ڻָ߸΢ժǻڼ΢˽ᣬ⣬ҡڲԲŲ϶𡣡
½ᰡ˻һ߶ףôôʵأ
½ݺҲúܲ˼飬Ȼ֤֤ڡҺöѧĵӶˣġ
½ᰲòϣֻף𣬰ߺô㡮
ǰ߸˵ģ
Ȼ滹зת½ݺˣ˵ʵ½֮һǰͺ΢ȳ²֣岻ժǻᣬֻ̽һϢʾϲ½󱦣½󱦰½֮ǰҲϼ
Ȼ͵˵棬һܣ˭ҲϳԼǸ˭Ҳ˭˵ˡ
ۡ
½᰷Ц
Ҳ̲סǡ
½ݺֱ̾Ϊֹ֪½֮ɣû뵽л߾ȻҲôɣǰһճܣڶճǶķͿ˴ˡ׻᲻ϼֶġϼ̫ˣָ̿ĳɶʲôʱϼ
ָͷжĵ˭˭΢һȣǶ΢һȡ
½ЦˣһҲļͥг²Ե˭˭һȣ
½ݺ˸İۣɿŹ˼΢ɡ˭˭һȣϹҲܿ
ȾͲһȥˣ˾壬ýȥ𣿣
㿴˴˲˵ˣ½֮ǹǹ٣л߸ѡطѡط˭Ҳû˭ֿ
ǳܣ
ԷֿΪĿĵĳܶ
ǿˣżԣȫɵġƽ侲ݵİ߸磬⡣
˵ʲôͻȻһۣ½ݺ濴˴дġ֡
½ݺ
ߣ߻
еʲô˲ģ
½ݺ߷뿪½˸ȥϴ衣
һܸ㶨£ȴʪͷֶӵذͷϣɾȫŪʪ
һ߸ͷһ˵
Ƹ磬˵ΪʲôҪ˵ϲ֮
ߵϲϲ֮ȥжϣСָһ£Ȼǰߵķ
Сӵ£СԼȥ
½ᰰһͻȻڣʵ֮ߣҲˡ
ͣסḧ½ᰵڷʣᰣ㺦𣿡
½ͻȻӯԾ§סĲӣѹϡͷīķ˿£࣬Цѣʲô
Ⱳӣ׷İˣҵĺӣôꡣˣҲûʲôµġ
ʵ½ᰲ̫ٵò춥ƼңɫɫɫΨ½ᰣժǿϵİ׾ʧȥһҲڡ
ס½ᰵĶͷؿ½۵ףᰣ¡
ֻǰߡ

½֮һʼߵ÷ɿ죬ڣֱķлûиӱԽԽ
лߵĲӵǲ
Ҷһ·ôţţȻͷˡ
Ҳ磬ôһһһǰһ󣬸ľ룬˭Ҳ˭˵
Σϵͳܲˣ㵹취ô찡
лô죿ھѡһ֣һϼҲÿҵ飬Լѡһɡ
ϵͳҵǾģô
лߣûҪû֣ڳǰɽأͿˣ
ϵͳ
ʵҲԼл˽е㸹ں͸ܾԣֻһ㶼ΪơôͻȻʲôأ׷ŷأ
УǴү
΢ʣ񵽵ô죿
лʵ˼ǰ½֮ϣټҲ£ڵɾͲˡ
ϵͳһȵȣ𣿲Ҫͻػ᳡ģ
л߲΢٣ʶԼ˵©ˡһõڣۿҲ겻ˣɴϵͳ̯ưɣµҾʵ˵˰ɡ
ϵͳʶһ仰涼ʲôϢ˵
л߾ȴӱȽίĵط˵𣺡ʵһ£û취ͻȥ
ϵͳˣΪƭ㣿һ𣿣ͻȥ£в㣡ϵͳ겻òӦĽҲñ뿪
Ҳǻƭҡ
ȻһʼȷʵɹȻڶ̯ˣҲ˵˺˴˱ʹĽˡ
ȡлһֻ˵ûҴˣ
лҪ˵ĸûƭ
СʹңΪɶ˻ףԣֵʱֻʣһˣɴˣõ˵ҲǴ˵еģƭ
ߺͷ֨ѶԷУʵֻһǾϵͳ
׼Уȥ飬˵ǰЩûʲôˣеˣĳࡣ˺þúþõĶӣԡ
ӸǲܵģѾСեˣֱõƬɸɡ_(:١)_


38 
, أء
л߰ݵڴ, 컨, ûκͬģԵȰ䣺ѽˡѾ, ʲôá
ϵͳ˰ϣ侲һ㣬ҭʣʲôʱֲԵģ
ϵͳ̫лûƭң, 岻ƥʱ򡣡
ϵͳ˵ԭȥʱͼϵͳԭֱ½֮ʱ㣻ԭС
, ֪һϵͳ֪, Ǿһ壬һһģһǽʬ꣬ôôɣ
һ̫ࡰɺϡͲ֮ܳΪ⡣
ǲһʼ𣿣ϵͳˡ
л߼ʱҵʱҲֻǰŰɡ
ΪЩ˵ܶϵġ
˵ȷʵǰһҲȷʵ⡣Ҫ, ʱϵͳĽӴ̫٣֪ϵͳж, ðա
϶Լ², Ӻĳ֣Լ½֮ķӦ
Ӻϱӵĸ׳ú񡣶½֮ڼӺ֮ͻȻĸĿ
, ײ½֮Ӻ˽˵л߸Ӻ㵱ʱڶ½֮ף½֮˵Ӻ㵱ʱȴűˡֻ˵
ʵ̫ˣлֲǸɵӣǱ붼С
ʵлҲûȫף⵽ôһ¡
ֻʲôǰԵʣõ壬
ϵͳ⼸µദ֮УҲˣϵͳ޷ֱڴе顣ΪʲôҪ۵ҡߡ
Ҳ˵ܿǲϵͳвġ
ϵͳطӦһڷӦˣֱıʣڰǰͷˣȴûиңΪʲô
лӣԼһţͻػ᳡
ƭӣͲңϵͳѾеĿһٲΪ½֮ҪȥǹǼ£ʹҪƭ
˵˵ţϵͳֿʼʣ㻹ҿޣҶƭˣ޻ܿ𣿡
л߾ԼԩҴһʼͲҵңŻвңͻһͨҷֲԵʱֻʣ±һˡѵҾͰװҪ˵ƭӣҲƭҰһ캰𣿡
Ҳǹƭģϵͳܾл͵ǹģ
лѾϵͳвˣ˵Ҳ˺ࣺܶʶɵ鷳ûбȿƭõȥ˵ұֲֻҪˣ˭һ𣿡
ϵͳϸ룬⻰Ҳеȷʵϴȡ
Ψһǣûɡ
԰ûɡҲˡлߵͷһҲûǿݴȵ߰ɣ֮ǰɵ鷳ҾͲƽˡ
ϵͳ
Ƭ̺ϵͳŤŤڰ㶼һˣϧ
лȻŶ߲ˡ
ϵͳ
ȷʵ߲ˡ
Ҵˣʶԣ̴Żܲ
ոյܲĴţԭǸ֪ʲôͶ̥ȥһŴС硣ڶʮȥҸӶкüˡ
ϵͳ°ȴĽڣöԷͬ⣬ٴ
Ҳ֪жѣ
ϵͳֱжڹ
ֻѡл߿ɣԶ룻л߲ʧܣܷܲ
Լ¡л߲Ϊʲô߲ˣûϵ
ϵͳյ㲻⣬½֮һ𣿡
ܱ֤ˣ
ϵͳһҭĵҰҹôϱϣһˡ
л߷оŴһߵĿյҲˡ
ˣӲͷƤ½֮ȥˡ
ʵ£ԭԼĴþһȻֻǸ⣬֮ʲô֪ȻΪԼϷŪˣҲӦõġ
ʱһʱˣֻڲԡ侲л߾еˡ
Ҳϵͳѻ˵ˣлԼҲ˯ţɴƿӣӡ
½֮ѾϨ˵ơ
պ½֮Ľ֣лֵſڴ̨ϣ룺֮ѾϢˣȵ죬ȥǸ
ϵͳֲ˵ȥΪ˽ͣҲֻ¡ϷˣԷĹ
֮Ҳˡ
л£쵽Ժſڴ̨˯һѹ½֮ȻѾˡ
л߼ǵԼ˵Ҫȥȥ¡
ܴ԰ﵽǼɽ͹ľ
лߵһսǣеڹľһߵС˵л
˭뵽أģȻô벻
л߲ǰԵˣ±˵ԵȤҲ㾪ţֻǷ˽Ųſ߹ȥ
Ǹܴ𣬺ڴ˰
һ˳ʹͲ֪ˣϷˣˣһһĺֵܣԭף˼ǰ󣬺ò¶ģ֮̽Էȴʸڷϣ
ָ˵ԷȻ˵ʱֻϷŪ͵ıѣɱδ죡ڻԲѣڻأ
лߵĽŲסˡ
лҪ˵ڵǷ֨רˡϲ뱾ҪĿ˫赽֮ˮת
ӲڸĸĵҲᵶ̫ѪҲ¡ǲҪҶԼʲôӾʵͦģ
׼ѧУе࡭Ҹ£Ϊ
û˵ûڱҲڱ顣Ҽڱö˴Ǳ߻Ŷ˾رࡣлҵĹģҲҪúñԼٳţڼңౣ


39 
ŨܵĹľ, ڵšлжϳļλл
ϵͳˣ, ˵½֮ɱˣ
лƽû¶Ե, ٳԹѪϴ԰
ԼǰȻɵôϵͳ;ԼҲôġ
úҲ֪½֮ϻǵ÷ӵ, ôΪͻȻɱˣ
ǻûü½֮˵ԼڡϷŪ
Դ֪Ҵˣûа취ϽлߣϵͳͳױˮˣС˵, ֮ǰº÷ϡ
ǰ̫, ϵؾǹ˵һ
л뵽˭ôġ
Ӧò֮, ֮ô۵
ױ¼½֮ȻǸطˣûЩ£лҲô϶ˡ
ʵϣ, л߾ԼӦµһ¶½֮ʶ
лվԭأһǼѾ´ҴҴ, ܿ˵¡
л룺˭ŵһ, ֻҪҲţҲνˡ
ǰߡ
ʱ½ӦںԺл߲ȥ, £ֻҪչأǰԺбá
ռعʵ½ᰲסĵطǰԺǰ칫ĳ
ǽȻҲˣһᱻ뻨Իƣͬ԰֡
һ仨ڣŮٽӹле飬Цǰһѧӽҵպˣܰлүæȥѧ𣿡
лߵͷӦ¡
ŮٷһͻȻգһҪһλͬ
л룬ҪܾãҿԵһ¡
ŮٸмؿһۣҴ뿪ھȥȡлүԵƬ̡
ʵ⻨ﻹڰ칫л߽ˣ뿪ſڡſһ·ڣʱʱ˵Ż
лվһͻȻм仰ƮĶ䡣
˵̼𣿡
˵̼Сүɱһ£
˵˰ʲôѣǳҰɣֱ
л΢΢üոմӲԶ߹С۵ļӰǳǼλͷĸ١
ƽŶͦģ̫רƹ·ɣ
ȻǣлҲûԼ²⣬Ǹɴ廰̼ң֪ǳʲô£
ִǼ٣ֻҪϸʣֱܷ
ԭлү
лʱһֱסڳǼٶϤϵ׽Ҳʱ䣬Աͣ͵̼һλСүǰЩӳ¡һλʶĺѣĽ֮⡣˭֪Ӧ󣬶ԷȴͻȻڣֻϷŪ
˵£һ̲ס̾Ϣһʱ߷߽ӣ벻ˡ˵ڻԣȫš
л֮ǰģһ
ǵıֵ̫ԣӰԼһλæ͵ʵԭҲǳ޹أֻλѰСүǳմ״ʣȻǸ壬ȴЩȸѪͳҹˣȡ곯ݣȥҩ
Ա߻尮֣ȸˣ̼λСүƽ˳˳ˮˣĸ£һʱܲҲ⡣
Ҳл½ִ֪֮лųϡϷŪ½֮˳½֮˵û޵Ȱлߣȸרһ㿴ǳһˣǰƼҲһһġ
ٳֻ̱ܿȽϵͣûҪ̤˼
λлл˼䣬뿪ˡ
лɫ糣ָȴˡ
Ƭ̺Ůٸ˻
л߽ӹ飬Уɫһ棺̼ˣ
Ůһ˵ͷɫҲмϧǰǼҵСү˵¡
л߻ģȷһ飺Ϊˣ
лүҲ˵𣿡̲סпһ䣬˵ѶˣҲɱȥˡȻˡ˵˵ֳѹԺҲûˣʹʲôأ
лߣ
ϵͳҷ·ꡱĵף׵ӽ쵶ӳ
л겻ɣȥ֮󱻵лȫ۹𣿡
ϵͳֻ˺Ḷ́㻹Ǹ𣿡
лƯƣԥһ£ҾãҪһɡ

ĺɽԶҹôֻ֣żз·
½֮һøߴľ֦ϡ֦ҶŨܣҶڵʵʵ
Щۡʱʱߣػ֣˺üλɴժһƬҶӣ۲Ĳظϡ
Ǳۣ̲סҹΣﲻû徲յûš
ӳȥ·ϣ͸ĵطȴû˵ôظˡ½֮ſڴ߿˰죬Ϩ˵ƣػش˯
˯Ҳ˯á
У½֮ԼһƬĮ𣬸ֻɰʣȴܣ޲˺ǰһУֱɫӿ
ЩӵĻ棬ÿһŶлߵģ
лߺǶ໯˪лߴ׵£ִ̧ӹȡԼ¶֫л˯΢ıϢ䡭
лദʱ⣬ʵ̫ˡЩȥȻĳͻȻɫ
εǴڻþл߸һҩ֨лߣлЦֻ̱ڴϵĳ
Ǻҩܿ࣬лûιǡסлߣȥҧлߵ졣
һ̲סȥҧĵط
лƺҧˣİ㺰֣ȴͣ
ֻҧȻǶ˪һһ
½֮һѶϵҶӣ͵ץץͷ
ôǸˣ
ֱԼûڴϣûбӿԼһֻƴСȸǡ߶߶߶߶ߡ˺üԱߵɣȻͨһˤ֦ϣСצӳ鴤²ˣһֻɵ
һƬҶƴͷ䣬պðȫȫסˡ
ҹоѣʵڲٺлߴһԺܵ
һûͣڣ۵ҪԭΪˣû뵽һۣǻ¡
Ҳͼҿŵ׷֪ܲʲô˼
ûԼΣεĶ󣬻ǰߡ
ɻ˵һҪΣҲֻа߿Ρ
˸СצӵſҶβҶ̾˿
ǣΣԺô԰أ
ۿǲˣϸ£ҧһ°ߵ죬߶Ҫ֪ģǡ
ھᣬͻȻһϤϢĿ
½֮վñΣֻ˦˦ϱ¶ˮմʪëŶԷ
ܿ죬һֻɫи۵ų䵽½֮ߡŵԼëúʯӿ½֮ſھ΢ֵܡ
ʲô½֮뵽һֿܣĵ΢ʲô𣿣
ǵǡһ˳ֻһ㡣
΢ͬͷϸ꣬ƽ˿ʮս鳡ңȴյһβܾ
ڿҿҶ˰µĵ峿ճЪյ֮ǰ׷λŮ޵Ĵš˵֪̫ߣҵĴ뵽עһɾ£ΪҶִ͸еѹ˼ʹܾҡܸңôһ𣿡
½֮
л߳ܣл߲Ҫڣ滹ѹͷϿۣ̫ˣһʱѿʡʵĵҲԼлӦòϲ΢ɣ
лôģ֪лߺһ壬˭ǳ鷳ġ
½֮룺Ұǰһƿüɰ
΢Ǹʦණõϡ
ҪġԼȢϱɡ
ŹҲΪ½֮ˡ£ҲϸѯľΪµʼٸ߲㡣
л߶ݵĽӴл߲һԳԴ׵ˡл߼½֮ܰĽȻΪƹ
ȥûпǹĸ𣿣
΢ЦһֱߵǷǧŮ·ߣ߿ңимǾԻ
½֮һ֪΢ǸܳԿˣʲôˣ
Ҳûʲô
иԶܣѡãѪͳͬ⡣΢ԼǸˣҾ͸˸⡣
лҪ˵΢:ԼĹúá
죬Ҫġ
֮ǰıѣɱδ족΢ƭ֨İ
ʵû˵ıѣɱδ졣


40 
л߽ȥӴ, صԺУ½֮ûŽǸ, Ҳû˼, ȥ˲
лûм½֮ԭ͡½ȸһ壬塣½֮Ȼ壬ȻҲǵȸ
ȥйصȸ鼮
˲һΪ, ȴ뾭ǡһ׶Σԭ壬ʽΪ
ȸһΪѪΪϡ٣ҳضǡ, ûȫ¶ԵĴڡйصȸϰȻȣǿ鰮մߵ, Ҳһ䡰ר
ȷʵλ˵, ԳǽҪôδϼҪôһ¡һλɥż, ꣬Ҳûҡ
, ½֮ûл߸Լ, ½֮첻Ƿǳ£½֮ԲΪ벻̲סʼˡ
½֮ƽճȥĵطתȦ, ˼ͬţûп½֮
ĺɫл߾ԼܲˡͷһθоԼȹϵϣСԺػת˼Ȧλʦʦãһæȥҡ
ûߵűߣԺͻȻˣ½̵֮ߡ
ôҲϵ˭äĿģ޷ԿأȫʲôԹɱˡ֮ȫûκθݵĿֲ룬ѾűˣȴֶԷϵֻΪˣ֮ǰĵĽǣͺתΪ߳ŭ
лҲס
սҲ糿Ҫظ½֮ǸȥĶˣ
½֮Ϊսһ졣лͻȻڣôһɴ۾л߶Ƭ̣Сңȥɽ
лʵҲ֪Լȡ֡˵½ֻ֮ȥɽһ죬ʧһ죬ȥѩɽҲûҪ㱨֮ǰս½֮Ÿ˵ˡ
֮ǰĽǲʵеƲסԼƢȥĶУǵȥɽ
ô䳡ȥǰɣ
徲ңң½֮ǿŽ䣬л˪ת˸䣬´βȥˡ
лһתĺɫУƵģˣҡԼ鲻á
ԼǳȴСȡ֣һҲݵѿؿ첽ȥԼһ˴һߵſڣûüתţͱ½֮׷סӡ

½֮סлߵӣʶʹ§סлߵ°ʹл߼ϣǸڻƣеߣҪǲϲȥɽԺ󶼲ȥˣ
ʵҲ̫
ǰܵҲй½֮½֮Ҳһ˯糿Էͷסͬһֻ˴ë
ʱ򣬺ʲôİá
ڣлֻǱ½֮§ڻ;ûӲ˼֡½֮¶͸ϣһպ󾱵ַˡ
ûлø첲ſ㰮ȥĶȥĶøұ֤ôЦ¡
½֮еί§øЦˣ
л£Ʋ½֮˵ϢҲĲֱʲôһȵԼʹĴĳһŤͷҪܿ
¶̫ˣлԼ֪ԼںЩʲôﶼЦ
½֮һʼֻǲл߲˵ߵʶ˳ֵķʽסл߰ˣԹԴ˼ƫˡ
ߵĺϸ
½֮Լֻһֻ첲ܳװ˹סһֻ֣ġ˵°ͣǿתԼ桭
лԼе½֮ͻȻͷſ˼żϣֳԴ
л߿ͻȻͱôͷɥǱƨϵβҲһʱ˸ղŵΣôˣ
½֮ȥлߵԼøϽԼȥüûлߺú˵ˣֲ뿪ֻ̾˿̲סһЩõ£ô죿
л߶ʱٴУʲô
ЩԭһͷǳƵ£һȥˣ̲סӹľУѰ֤ԽԽܡ
˵½֮ϳ鵽֧ǩظ̸𣬲Ϊ˵ڻþУ½ܾ֮ĸףһֱܵ벻˺Լ
Ϊʲô½֮뵽ⷽȥǲƼˣ
л߶ʱԼոյ̬̫ӲˣæŻԼһ㣺ܲʣʲôõ£
½֮ת˸Ȧ⣬лߣҲ㡣
л߿żƹȥ۾ҡ
Ҳҡ
ұ֤ᡣ
½֮ߡһ룺֮ǰ˵ϲأת۾ͲҡƭӵĻš
½֮ûôƭл߸ɴҲÿ°ڣ½֮¡
ԼԺдΣлʯʡȴҪͰ͵زżϡ
û̫ȻѾҹȴֻˬ䡣紵ϣоոյȶȶɢˡлߵҲӷڻңƽ
лһԴǣ̸֣֮䲻ͬʿ鰮̬Ȳһе׷ҲеԣѰһֿһߣҲ˲Է˭ֻ顣ô
½֮ɿؿһۣתȥŶ棬ӦҪôûУҪôʹһա
лս֣ٵЦЦҼǵǰ˵̸ֻ鷳Ҳҵ¡
½֮ҲǵԼ˵Ļǣ˵ǣ˺鷳
ֲ鷳
ҺлһҲõлҪĥʱ䡣û֮ǰһʱ䶼ͬʱ˵ġ
л߾ý½֮ĻⲻýӣҲԼййϵȦˣ˵ڰԣҽ˵һ£̼ҵСӣΪڸϱϷŪԷڣıѣɽ˻󡣡
½֮ںɽһ죬Ҳûܹȥ˵ԣûšһ˵ףܾˣԲܲˣɱ𣿡
лһûĵط룬ֻΪ½֮ˣǣףӦˣԷַڡ
½֮ʣϷŪ㣬Ҳô𣿡
½֮סˡ
뵽ԼǴĶǸԣͻȻˣ΢˵ġʲô˼ΪʲôлҲôǣΪʲôл߻̽⡣
ⲢѻشҲ֪лߵ̽ʲôǣߣкܶɬּ˵ͷֹ
ҥֲųȥģǰȸ׵ġ
±ϾǰֻҪװԼʲôû֣˳˵һ䡰Ȼ֮Ļʲôģл߶⣬ܾܿͲٷˡ
ߺΪǸԭֳӲʵܶ£ֻҪˣˣŲţʮС˳ġ
£Ҳô
л̽꣬½֮˵ˣæ벹ȣʵҾǡ
ٵġ
½֮ɫҹɫУ̫Ҳƽ˵̼ɱǼٵġ
лסˣٵģ
ҹᣬ¹á
½֮ͻȻ̧֣סлߵ߳˳⣺Ѿˡ֮ǰϷŪҵ£Ҳƽˡ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôţ£ܲԵ޹ʣľΪϷŪҡ
ôΪѣҲһκˡ
лҪ˵֨ʵһҲڰߣһֱǴġ
ǸİɡϵͳֻǸӣǰѺġֵܱǡһ졣ô˵أûϵͳɧ֮Ҳȫ֮ܳΪġֵܡɡǴҵ۾ѩġ
Ҫһڵǿȶܿʼúõ̸Ѽ


41 
˭Ҳ˵ط, лߺ½֮żϣԼͬܿЩִݵĻ, ֻ˵Щл
½֮˵һֻǳè, Ȼùͷ˸л˵ѡĸط̫, ħţǳۣ೯аյг̡
һֱҹ֪˭˵һ䣬ͻȻ޻ˡ
һ, ½֮վϢˡ
лżϣ̧ͷҹɫпߴ, ͻȻ͸о, ˵İСͷЩĻšվһʶ֣һʵס
½֮ɣһطˡҲ˯ɡ
лһ٣ڰͣһ, ˻ȥЦ, á
½֮лߵע, ˶Լӡ
ţոյ¡⣬ȫʧˡڴ, ɫɥ
ﴫʹɡ
½֮˦˦ӣ˦һֻ񣺡ô
˳˦ľڿȦͷߡһ
΢Ǹ壬ֻȻԭֻһһʶϣɹ۲ܣ˽̸
ʶͦ۵ģ½֮Ϊͻȥˡ
Ҹ˰µĵֺ±ˡ΢뷭۸͸͸𣿣
С˴½֮˳ָһͷ̨ſȥɣҡ
΢ģЦһҪ˳Ҹ̵·ߣҾ͸ʰʰ²μĺϼˡ
½֮ͷ˵ˣ˵ҺڵҪȥɱˡ
΢ȥھȥɱȥ
½֮Ĭһ˳ˮۣΪй˼ɣǿӦˣǲƭ𣿡
ǣϲ㣬Ҹ˵ҪԾһⲻƭǳ΢½֮뷨ԣ£ôܽƭأͨĳЩֶ̫ΣôҪ谭ﵽյ㡣
½ֻ֮ǳͣĶˣ߸Һá
֮ǰӦ˰ߵĸףлȴϡѾˡ
˼ҡ顯ˣ˵Ϊˣ΢䣬Ȼ͵˼Ͳã£ͻ
½֮ԥһ£˴ֻĳ򣺡˵˵
˵ʲô
½֮С԰⣬ô
½֪֮֮ⷽ棬΢ǿʮֶֹ
˵ãûӴҰˣұ֤˵һǶԵġ
֪Լûԣ飬ֻ׷õŵ£ɴ䣬ôѰϵġ
ҪҾ˵һ˵΢һ£µĹؼǣҪʲôĽ
½֮æãϴʾء
ãϼºܼ򵥡ҪϣĸԸ߸ˣ㲻ǿ¡΢˶٣Ǿʵʵ˵ѡǳѡ
½֮һΪʲô
ãлڸϣʵһϰȱŷң㣬ͷϣǸ̸ƣлڳס˵ʮ˰ɣ֮⣬ʲô׽ҲʦΣ
ߺҵ
𾴣˵˾ǲô׽
Ϊʲô˵˼˻٣иġһ˵ĸǷɢģ˵л߹Ȼ㼫ΪҪɳ㻹ãѣгǡ˶˾룬е嶼ѹϡԼʲô£ȥֱ㵽ָ飬ûʲôˡ
˵ֻϼܼ򵥡һһĵλǸκ£Ƿǳ׵ġ
΢ͷ˿½֮:һ޶ϵظ޳һ㣬¶ϣǴӴ˾˵˼ܴܻЭһе㲻Ҫ᲻ãҲ
ʵ½֮ģȥлߣлߴҲˡ
֮ĸһֱ˫ġл½֮ˣ½֮Ҳͬл䱦ҶԱ˴˶Э̫죬γĳƽ⡣
л߲Ը£Ҳδǲϲ㡣ʶųı䡣
˵Ը꾭кܴĹϵһƯͨҲûʲôȫУ䱸ǿͬʱȱʲôʲôȶһԼͻǳųı䡣Ϊû취϶ָı䵽õķߣǻġ
֮лҶ˵ǸӣǵѶˡ
Ȼлʧ֢ˣ˵һֱڣֻΪ˴̼ѹ
Сĵ£ģģġԽµ̬ȣһҪҲ϶ԸӰ΢˵ţеͬ½֮ˣлںϼ֮ǰҲǹϵܺõѡ
ֱлߵʹ㡣
΢½֮ûзոյĲ²⣬̲סһ: лСһͦġҪĵͶħˣҲó޴ڡֻǷһ㣬ϸ˵ʵǸԷǳƣ־Ҳǿˡ
ǶԷ
½֮͸ӣںڰйᣬƺҪЩʯשŵǸˣԣ⼸꣬ʵ߹òáʱʱħڳУһܡ
ǣǺͲ
΢ɫ˻У˵
½֮˺ܾã¿ڡᣬƺ¾ŵˣҹȥܾã߾ǰ߰ҪӵĴڣϸȥ֣˵ζʲô룬ʵǲһġ
кܶѣȻ΢ۣȥĸĸֻʱһʱ⣬ͽ½ݺи׷ʮ첻һΣͳ֡
½֮ںѣںĸĸںáںлǲһġ
½֮ڣһӣеٹشϣֲսӣһֱһԶֿ
ÿ§˯۾Ϳеĺ뻵ᵽȻҡ
Ǳ˴˳ΪԷߣֱ׳˳һкͶԷйص£ʸʣʸܡҲص뿪ңҲҪ뿪
лߴͲѣҲļˡ
ܲɷֵİ

鲻˰յʱ䣬½֮شϣݶԼڱȹȥƿҪԽô죿
Ȳл߾ΪѣвȣҪŰѹϵǰơ
ҿûˡ΢ƳһۣĶǽݾԼ߾ˣҵıͻˡ
½֮΢ʵ㱾Ͳµһ߰߰ɣ
΢лߣȫԻҥԴﻹרɹ
Լѡģʲô£΢޴ָأ½̫֮ѹȱᡮĽ͡ϼ¡йǣ͵һظоǹϵָı䣬ǰȫģǸȶġˮ
ǿǧ꺮ǧ˰ģҲˡ
½֮̾ɰܻῴġ
ǡܻᡯǡѾ΢ûո§û˵ʲôأæر֤ϲԺҲȥɽˡϹҲܿĻ죡֮Բ㣬װɵ
ٸ˵Ƕѵ̬ȣ
ƽôദģѹֳǻɡװôϹҲͦġ
ȻҪñ취ͱˡϾ취ֻб
ȻҪĵһһ󣬳ģļˡ
˵һｵһﰡǻѶԷԵġ
΢˼һ˵øԼûʲôϵø½֮˵ˣչһȥˡ͸˵ұˣ
лҪ˵ҪУұ֤һ£û֤ʱ䡭ˡ


42 
л߰ؿ½֮˶, ſվƬ̣о, ˿, תݡ
ȼߣ֮ǰûǱ顣
ǳλҽ޺, 𱡱һȴ࣬߸ж滨ݣޡ
ǵꡰħ֮սľս֮ءŷ, Ȼһս, ȥ̫, ħԹ޽ƽԭĪԨкǿߡ
ȥһǧ, ħħӴ˵ص
պ, ½֮, Ҳٲȥ
֪˶ãлͻȻЩʣ˳ֵ, һ£һͷߡ
Ǳһֱãû˰л½֮ԾȡⱭˡ
֣ǱҲȥˡ
ǲˮˣɬлЩѹһѹ飬ߵСԣʳϵС룬涼֮ļɹõСɡ
Щֻ½֮Űԡ
ʱ飬ģûʱ½֮½֮ģʱʱתתȥһͷͷעƫлΪⱸʳԼ£½֮Աӡ
컹ǰʳ͹ȥɡ
л߿ʳУͻȻ֣ģʵ½֮ĺۼ½֮ŵĴ½֮ҹĵطǳɫΣСϣ½֮ϲƷռ˴ڽɽ
ȥ½֮ħֱŤҲлһסʱлֻ徲ݣڣõģؿ¡
֪ʱ뿪ǶݵġһΣ½֮ٻˡ
лͻȻڣϵͳ㲻˵Ƕһֻھƫˣôû㲻ţ
л߶ϵͳ̬ȣܱܣƽֻûڡ⻹лͷһΣϵͳ˵ЩûҪл
ϵͳľڣǾ֤֤źҪϼپңʵǼٵģҿҪﶺǧ˰ꡣڵңʲôǲܽܵأ
½֮ϲС顣ϵͳ죬Ǿɱҵ˫ۣÿˡ
ͲлߵĹϸûĶֵģǣˡ
ǲϲңֻ˵ĺøСлȴ͵ǰûЩǰãŶôһ£ʱûѪԵ൱òпɣնһ𣬾ֹûй˼ɡҪЩ
ϵͳһҲ겻ˣȫͨѵİԣҾͦںġ
½֮Ǹࡢӡлߵĵ½֮ԣĽǶȣ˵Ե޹ʱ½֮ʶķӦȻȵǸл߲ˣ˵Ժȥɽ
ϵͳڰ˶Ծţϸ룬治ʲôѣʲôֵܣǨЭ̶ֳȡ
һֱںҡлЦЦƽûСϲûϵ
ңлЩ
ΪϸǹȥദδĿʼܿ½֮ΪĽԼڡİ߲ˡԵʣſʼת̬ȣ˵ĹϵƵһϡ
ң㲢½֮½֮ԼĳЩ龰£˼Ϊ곤һҲʱֲԣȻִͷ
ȴäĿֹۣˣһֱáӦòǡܡϵڣ֮ĹϵԽתԽѾ˭Ҳ޷ӵĵزŲòһ㡣
֮Ĺϵˡ
лʵû˵ʲô¶ǵĻɫҲ糣ıѾ㹻ˡϵͳĥ˼̽ʣûҪ𣿡
ʲô
֮ǰ˵ҪһķҪ鰮ͻȻת˼лʧЦҡͷֻж̶¡
֮һٸһǧһ¡ٷΡżˣ̸ʲô飿л赭д¶ףȥҲ졣һ䣬ܿˡ
װɵ½֮Ҳû˵
½֮Լ׶ʲôĸ顣
ʧأھͷֿõѡˡ

һҹξӡ
лһЩţŲȴżͣס
Ϊķǰһ
ǳɫĻλ˶ССģĻһлƽջϲķ
ǽ峿ժģ¶ˮԼĺۼ۱ġǰࡣ
л߲е֣սˡ̧ͷԺװʵעߵ½֮
µģǿѹʲô¶л߿ڣһ֪˭ǰġϲҾͰ㶪ȥ
л߳Ĭ˺һ뿪ڣѹȥˡ˿ϧҸƿӣԺɡ
֪Լ£Ҳ½֮ժĻӳȥ¡
Ժɡ
ҲûʲôһʱˡţҲ͵ˡ
лҪ˵ҽֳٵֶС˫ǧ֣һ
ڻصѧУˣȶʱ䰲ţĻ¡ҴõĶ飬Ĳ˼&gt.&lt


43 
л߼, תƿӣȴ½֮סˡ
½֮, ת, Լӡ
лһӣôˣ
۵Լڴʧˣ, ҲرɥֻеĹĵġ½֮лߵȻͻȻȡлĻҪͲҪ
л˵ͱק󣬳СԺ, һֱߵӰ·ڡ
мʦӭ߹½֮󷽷ס, ɫȻ, ʵ·ϼ˻ûط壬־ӵϧ˭ϲǡ
ʦǲ֪ʲô, ȴҲʶλѧзͷʢʦ֡С䣬Цл, ˡ
, ֻ֦߰ʦһȡһ֦ʣ֦, ûһλͬ·㱻һֻ˳߶ˡ
½֮ʦ˵ʱл߾ͳĬվһԣ½֮Ͷ
½֮һ֦ҲȡߣתлտҲ֣ˡҲû˷ѡ
лߵ۾ᣬŵʲôоСһ㿴ʲôҲûз
ܾҲû˭û˭ñ˺
Ҿ½ݺĻдĲԣѹȥ½֮лߵߣɣ͵͵һ½ݺĻ
Ҿã˭͵͵ͻһԲöԷ˼ǰǡǡ෴ϣԷκι˼ɡ
ͻΪϲԷġͣǲҪõӦ˼ϲͽܣϲӵͳȥɲˡԼ⡣
ܲζŵκ£Ҳص˺˭ĸ顣
½֮˺ܾã΢˵ô࣬޷Ǿǣл߶ԡ¡ûʲôģĻӰ쵽ԭĹϵԹء
½֮ҲϸˣǲһҪ£ԭӣѵദɲԡ
һô㲻ġʱҲˣڶˣ˴˹ϵܸһΪʲô
£л߱ϾѾ֪ˡǿмװ£ʵҲٻصȥ޼䣬޼϶ʱˡ֪ȴƫҪһװɵװװţ󻹲һʲô֦
ʲôôȥɣôȥദķִ硣֪ϲ˭ȲŻᡣ
߾뿪ڵദʽܲҲǿаק
˼ȥֻһְ취
ֻıҵ⡣ҪҪҿ£ʲôʱҿ
ǻҪһȥسǣһȥʱⶼһ𣬸ûҪż
ʱȥһ죬ÿˣʼϲңңֻҪǰһЩ򿪷ţͿԡץҡһֱòԣֻҪİõؾܾңһжάԭ״Ϳˡ
ֲ⡣
֮䣬ѵҪģΪܾңӦң
½֮ѻ˳ȥ֣ɫɫ΢䣺ҵȥˡ糿û
һϣժûã͹л߻᲻ջˡ
ϲ˭е㵢а¶Էĥ㣬Ҳ̲סȥĥԷ˼
½֮΢е㽹ǣܿ죬뵽˽İ취ԺԼٸ½ݺӣӡ͵͵ԭëʱ䡣
˵ëʲôʱܰѽɫʾȫɺɫأ
͹˳ڣëûꡣǵżڣڻżе㶪
ô룬ҪԥҲδûкôë
Ŷˡ
½֮ȡһëֵݸлߣҰһβûʲôôů֣´ңָ·ȥ䳡
½֮Ҵ뿪лһˣĵë
ë𣬸ԼнɫΣϣЩķл߿һսڡ
ڿǱй߶аݵ顣˼Ҷ˵òҽϱ岡ⱲҲûҽܣĽӴЩ֪ʶǾЩɬ
ͨҹ￴飬вĵطվȥҽ̡
ҽкüСҩͯǸҽ͹ʦġ
ŻСѵλӣſȥˣֵصķӴȺ͡
лϢļ϶ƽعؾأ˭ҲҷСͯǣȵΧлһȦһߴߴЩ⣬ǡ
һͷС͵͵յл߶ߣлʦ֣ǲǸ½ʦֺͺˣ
л߶СӵҪܶ࣬Զ˭˵Щģ
ñ˸˵СҡҡͷıӣлʦǰЩȻҲǹԣҲţ۾ЦܿŴͷɥġ쿴ȥ·ˣ۾Ҳģǡ
л룬ܾСӵֻ˵ģһӦǺͺ˰ɡ
С¶ԼĿģлʦ֣ȻǺͺˡܲĸңʲôʱӦ½ʦֺϼҽѺǶúϼĶľ֡
лߣ
бҪСĽ̸һ̸ôܸС˵Щ壬ͷʱҲǸ̰ɡ
˫ĿƵؿле㶥סεѹϼ
Сҡͷһôô񣺡ûϲϼ̿Ϊû˭򲻺ϼڴҶĵǶúϼ
лߣ
ǴҵˮƽĺܲȻΪʲôôĵĶľ֣ܿ
Сͷٲݾ𣿡
ҵԶǰѺӸߵľСաˡ
Ա߿ķ̧ͷЦлߣţ֮һȥǹ١
лߵͷ
ӣǵӦҲˡϢǴúܿ졣
Ƿ̾һ䣺ħﾳҲ󰲶ǵǱߣһ飬ΣСǧҪСĽ
Ҳֻ˵˵
龵ڷ棬Ҳһĸ߽ʿο½֮龵ڣʵ龵۷ɣлߴЭܳʲô⡣
Ҫǵлߵľ
ǹҲ𲽣ڲְءһȥܾͺЩ겻ܻˡл߱ЩӺҩģ̵ֶ֮ǣٶ
ߣһǣΪȻҪҲȱıϡ֮ศɣûʲôǿ֮֡
лһһӦ£ճҽݣӭײһֻ
˲ָ⣬Ļһֽ㡣ֻ֣ɴ䣬½ᰵһ

лһ
ҵݵ֮󣬳˽ᱻͻѧɷӽӵСȻ½֮½ᰵĶӺͽܣ½һķӦòΪС
½Ϊһ֮ƽæŷļҳżǹȥԷǡ
ǳʲô
лߴҴҸ˹ȥ
տûʲôͬߵ½ڵͥԺ⣬л߾һ֮ˡ
ͣ²ӣòش˸кӵѡ
Ӻһλǵĸ٣ߡһ£ƺ˺ܾõ·糾͵ģһ/ǹлߣߡ
лֻͷӺƽһƺ⣬Ժӡ
½λϡյЩƣлߣûȦӣֱӿżɽߣ㾭Ϣˡ
ǹٵȷ£ѩһˡ
лҪ˵ʮϾֻǸٲмĲ˼ˡ


44 
·վŵ, ½ѵҲȥռлߵʱССһֻ, ô, ֹȴأԼ½֮չ˵غܺá
һ, ЩлһֱҪĵǸ
һԴǣߣʵҾãҲ˵ʲô, Ҳܲµġ
ĸ֮£Լѡ, һҲͰˡΪ˻, Ҳֵá
ʵһʼҲлֻ࣬˵ѩнİ취л߱Ǹˡȥѩ, Ӽ棬ֶܻᷢ, סġ
лҲȨ, ֪ǶԷ޲ĸ
½赭дת⣺ҺҲ˵¹ľҪ¡
лߵľͻȻ, Ѱҽޣȴʼ˵Ȼ½ԼЩ²⣬ȴû취жԴͷҲ⼸꣬һ׮¡
˵һҪԼĺӺͽܶͣΪڡ죬бϾ֮лʹɽȴֻͣɽŹȥͬеĻԽԽԶ
ûϸηлߵ⣬ֻ˵˽ľܹˣƫ̳ӼұŰԴ壬ھԳܡӼжصֲ֮˴㡣ӺˣΪ˴ѩǡ
ӼˣϾϣǼҵͷӣСһ˶ԡҲûϵһǽ档ǽӣȡ̣Ҳǳе¡ֻԼȥѧ꣬ؾʲôѹ
ꡱһл߾̲ס߬䡣
˿̹˲Щǵǵʦǲǲ
һĹ½ѾζǣɫҲʮƣ
½Ҳ˸Ƿ֮ǰߣħ֣˵ˡⲻ󣬶չһӾͺˡ
л̲סüʦˣôʱԶѩǣ
ѩһһǳۣҲҪ֮á
ΪڳǲʲôϾ½ΨһͽܣҲܰЩô
½ԣ˼֣վЦ̧лߵͷܲôûãЩëûȫСӣǰȥ
ε죬⼸ʢУߴħƵԽԽѾãúУϼܻ꣬ʦˡ

лߴԺ뿪Ӻ㻹վǸոĵط
Ӻһ·糾Ͷ½᰺󣬾ûȥϢǻվԭص
ʵл߶λͻȻðı֣ûʲôǰѾνѪûʲôˡһˣνԹ޻ڴ
ãϵѪףΪ£ǧͦ鷳˼ҵġ
ȻЩǸлû׵Ĵ㣬ֻǿ׵ЦӵôȥϢ
Ӻȴ·ûǱ̨ʣʣ㻹ǵùȥ𣿡
ҪȻΪʲôŹȥأ
л΢٣̹׵Ҽ֮ʼǹһˣվڻɽС˺ܾãѰ̡
ӼҺлҵϽԵʣ粢ǺлҲûϸ֪Լ߶ǰӼӱڻɽôҲûңѾ˵ˡ
ʱǻδ˵Ҳûʶ
һЩ㱻ĸΪ׸裻ǸɵӣɽҲΪ档
Ӻ۵һ˿⣬ûмŽ͡ѻתл߿ܻȤķ򣺡½Ӧ˵ˣ㾭ʹԵʡ
л߳һ£֪½ûϸͣӺ㣬̹׵ҲǵãԼоľ
Ӻ˶٣ʱ㻹̥Слޡô𣿡
Ӻֵ̫Сˣл߾÷һЩЦҶʶǡ
Ӻ㻹ǱܿԷޣ͵һЩ޵ңΪӵиǿ޵츳̥УŵرΪ̥һЩģ㳢Ŵ߶Ϊ̥ϴ衣
̥̫ʥ֣߳Ҳ˵ٰա̥дͨǣǾĿ޵š
˭뵽ɥĲ񵽣ֱӶԸеĺӣඥ
ӽûȴʧ֢Ӵ˲°ˡ
еı綼̰Ϳеһеģȴʲôû޹Ǹӡ
ʮȥӺ£ͷŭѹơ̫ҿлߡ
лȴֻǵ˵ͷʾԼˣ̥бˣôᵽ꣬Գܣ
˵ҲӼҡӺЦǰǲǾͷ
л߻һ£ǺȷӦеġ
ʱúõģʱ½֮һͬţħħ֮·գֶçײΣսʱ
лԷֱ棬Ӻ˵һΡ
Ȼܲ޶ĿӺ㻹ǽ˸磬Ž͵ӼѩѪͳ
ӼҵܡȻ϶кܶصĲ²ʹԣӼҲϡ
˳̳ѩѪͳˣԴẮнɿ죬ȴҲ˾ڣѩѪͳԽϡü̳СԭӦûм̳еġ
лһʼʱûġ
Сʱ游Σգ¹ѩһططڱʱ򣬼ڵѩѪͳ㾭ͽϳ˸ö֮Ȼܲס
л߰ţһ˫רעӺл߳ݣͻȻͺ͹ȥǸż̧ͷĺغˡ
ӺʱһһлߵԴһ£ǽջУ㲻õġӼôרԾطһõġʱ硭ʱ㡣
л߼װԼûӺ˵©һ硱ֻʵȥѩ𣿡
Ӻ˵ͷǡ
л߱˱۾ԸӺ㿴ʧֻ̬ܰҧء
ﵱȻܹ޸ܴʲôǶ˵һ¡ף޵ߵ¡ֻܼУԱܱܸõ½֮С
󵽵ʲôϵƲµġ
ʱ˿̵޸ϲãʶ뵽ģȴһ׮޹ؽҪ¡
½֮Ÿոոίرʾ⣬Ҫ뿪ȥǧ֮⣬ʱ⡣
ô½֮˵
лҪ˵ˡ


45 
½֮˼һ⡣
Ӧ΢, Ҫ΢ϴˢϵġԩָô
ܷܲ˭˵, ʵҺͰֻǽⷢ, ˦΢¡
ô˵Ҳֵֹġ
ȻҲ䳡, ߣ˲ƫ̻ˣ͸ԭĵа
½֮
ʵܼ򵥰Բ˵Ϊ΢, ֲͣϰϼ𣿡Ȼֲ´, ϼʲô, ȻƽϢˡ
½֮˸ۣҵ롣
Ĵ߰㣬Ȼһ䣬ʵҲûŪ⵽ôһ¡ϢҲ, ʵ԰治ϸϼ
½֮Ķ˼˵ʵ֮ǰ, ֻѡȻ, ˽죬Ҳװɵġѡ
ϼľ룬Ҳʹϱ, ôԶ
Ȼеͬ½֮ҡ
ô꣬׼£Ȼܾϼǧ࣬ʵС磬ڽǰϦͻȻ˦˦βˣʲô
Ȼ½֮ƽôأͬסôã˯˯ˣֵʱַڣ
½֮ǰֻ룬ֻΪͬͬ˯˼Դӿʼ߰Σлߣ·ʹؿϣˡ
½֮ûҪһлߵһû
Ȼڵûʲô
½֮Сû˯
Ȼ½֮Ƭ̣˵ľȻģ֮ǰ飬û
˰
Ȼʱ뵽һϾĿܣס½֮ĲӣСûȥҽݿ²ܻ伲ҽ
½֮ûط˸ۣôûë
½֮˵е飬ʵҲȷԼܲ졭ڵе硣
ȻĲˡ
½֮ȰСѵϻҲҪ
һ£½֮극һĨ죬Ѽ񶼶лʰԹԵڴϴлҪ˵˵ȴ˵Ҫĥҵʱ䡱ĳ
ʱлΪʲôԸ½֮ϼ
ˣ½֮͵ʵûù
ȻҲ¡
һ·񱼣ԽԼƫʼ˼½֮㲻˼ˡȻһûô
½֮ϵûùһֱֻѡ
Ĵǧ޻һ
½֮̾ġ
ȻԼոʵˣڲ֪ðڳʲô飺ûùЩ궼˵ɶ
ʮˣʶʮˡ
СʱͲˣʮüˣ˼ͬͬסֻгܲŷִģ֮ڱᵽΣżʲôΣջȤĵطﴫţҲȸлߣᰵ괩л߽ͬƵ·ǣȥҹУһҹл˯
ڸңûù
֮ǰϹ۵ľٶѵΣ
½֮ҸʶϲߵġǰĿǰϲңúšԺײᣬҽһ£ǻûһ𡣡
Ȼǳ˳飺Ĳڶң
Ϊһôܼȱ¶ҵ⣬ֲð߾Ϊѡ½֮ͻܣ˵Լȫʧ䣬ȻǼٵģֲлǰֳ
ʱ̲ס룬ҪǰӲôݾͺˡҺҵ׷ֵˣȴίԼӦҡ
ȻҾеǷᡣ
׷ǵĶ󣬶ǵĶԷܾԼ㵹ãĶԷԸίԼҲҪ㡣
Уû˭ݵһԼϲİĽߡл߸ᡣ
ˣ֪鰮ʹϹҲһ
Ȼ½֮ļ򣺡Ĳһ£ֱ˯һ𣿡
֮ˣŸտʼĥĥС̽ȥıӲܺϣ
½֮Ȼֳ⣺ƽ£˯ͳԷ㲻˯͸
ܰӼңֲ䣬ܱʾԼδڳеľġ
½֮⻰ǿס
ߣҽ㡣ҳܼ򵥵ģʱҲòˡ

лϤĵ·ϣԽǿǵסԽòء
ע⵽Ũ̹ǲû˼ȥܡ˭Сģ˻ֲ֡ǰֺ׽ʿˮͺˣʲôغ
ֱԽԽð̵Ժҵġ
лߣ
űӣƿԺţӻ˻ӣԺСǰ½֮ȻվǶЩͷģŨǴӳðġ
лΡ
ȥ䳡ܣʲô
Ȼתͷлߣһѳס½֮ĸ첲ڨЦ͵㶫ˡ֮ң
Ȼ½֮ϵ·ڣСٵҸո˵ˣʵʿٹˣԲԷҪлóԣѧظ˷ѣûʲô塣
˵˰죬˵ص㣺ǧл߳ķ
ҪȻлߺܻܿޣҪ
ֱ˯أ

Ȼѣ½֮Ҳ֪Լˡ
ƽлջҲûջôѰôȻУһˣһСˡ첻ˣŪˡ
½֮ͷɥػصԺӣлѾԺŨɢˡлԺһںĶ̫ϸꡣ
½֮
ǣǣһű
ӦҲ̫ģлߺܸܿͿһű
л߿˰죬ͻȻҧһڡ
½֮һҲ˲ϱģ־ȥлߵ죬ͼѱٳܳԣ
ǸճѵС𣿣ôʲô߰Ķ
лܿ½֣֮Ѿȥˡ
лЦⷺѳˡ
лҪ˵ұ˫եˡǶСҡ̡


46 
½֮, ɫɥ
л߽ǿڱȥʱһ˿, Ķ, ֻܳѣζǿԵġ
ֱл˵Ǿ仰
ѳˡ
½֮
ðɣ
ȻԼҲ֪л˵ʵ, Ǿе㲻ˡ
˭Сκαúѵ£顢СħԶͬ䣬͡ԼΪһţѧʲôǳ׵Ĵ
ȥлջ, һ߿ţΪҲǶ³ͨһ
˭֪
Ѿܴ, л߻˵
½֮˳, лߵ죬ָܰոȥǿСûԡ
л߻˻еıЦԭǸҵ, Ǹ˭ģ
½֮죺Լԣ𣿡
лҲ԰Ƿų, òã
ѽϦʱ, ϼƶϽߣлߵϡ۾Ц, ɫȥز˼顣
½֮ʹص˵ͷ
ӦлѾǿ룬һݵߡ
½֮ͷĶǿԼ֣ںģֵĶܡǿ˿лߺЩڴǽӹҧһڡ
ֻʱסˣ
ѵذǿȥԭл߸ոյС
лһһҧţɫЩĵģ½ֻ֮㱾ãıҲûôѳˡ
һһҲ֪ʲôëôվԺǿӲںıˡ
л֣´βҪˡ
½֮ͷɥŶ
ûҪȥѧ¡л̧֣½֮ѲմϵһҲһͺˡ
лҲûʲô½֮ͻȻ;ãԼȵִٵתСȥȥʰ
һƬǽ塣
лûȥæôСſϣ½֮æңѹư趼ڻǸڵĵط
ͻȻ;ãʵеĻҲûô˵ˡ
½֮ıӰʵ֮뿪һӣ𣿡
½֮û⣬ڵȥĶ⼸Ҫˣǵø֮ǰȥΡ
˻ǹ٣Ҫεƣˡ
л촽ҾϢˣѩǿнİ취
½֮Ȼתбʺ;ϲûлϢԴǹٵ黹ûƳڡǾ;춯
½֮ûл߱˱۾ڻǰǾ仰˵ˣһȥ
½֮һվԭزˡ
˺ܾã½֮ǿڣǲΪ졭
лһ룬֪Ҫ˵ʲôǣȻǡ
ôܣлʧЦôܣΪԭ򣬾Ҫ뿪ǡ
ôܣΪԭҪ뿪㣿
½֮٣Щ壺Ϊʲô
Դлʶսô꣬л߼ûйҪԼȥʲôŵʱ½֮û취롣
Ϊѩ̫ԶˣҿҪȥܾáл߶һ£꣬á
̫ԶˣҲ̫ˡ
ʹӺ㣬֪еطҪѩ嶥Ļѩ֮ӼҵĽءҲӺΪʲô˵ȥѩǡԭ
½֮һȥǵʱȥѩɽϱչˣ½֮ô죿
ڳǹ٣ôҲػҹѧŽѩأ
ѩ볯̫Զûʲô顣Ӽ˿δʲôģ½֮ϾǳǵٳסѩǣеһһȻҪܵӼֳơ
ѵ½֮ʲôÿżȥתתҲҪӼ˵ѹΪ˵лżѩɽ
ⲻ죬ꡣ
껪½֮ܶ£Ϊ˭ôЦԭ򣬾ܵ೯ǧ֮ģµװôꡣ
ʲôأ
ʱҲá
лȺħ֣֮ҴʱҲ볯̫Զʦ֮ǰһսˡѾþˣԼȥ
Ȼ½˵Լûд󰭣лﻹһǳǳӰ
½֮ĲʱԶ볯ȥѩǡ
л˵֮½֮Ĭ˺ܾãִٵضһ䡰Ҳͬ⡱˦ֻˡ
лû׷ȥ֪½֮׵ġ

ҹ֮е
лš½֮ͷӣվ档
ûл˵½֮ƲشŷＷ˽лѾϰֻ˯ڴİߣ½֮ҲʲôֻǰԼıԱ̺á
ȫ̶˵ôƲɺãͺЩķֿڣǻ͹ȥһ
лԽ½֮ҪɻλãȴͻȻӱ½֮ס
лĵһû
¹Ӵսȴ·ʶ֪Ȥһ㣬ͣڴǰڰĽǡ
½֮л߲Ҳȥ
лһֱãԼǸǳǵˡ۴ĸǶǷֿ꣬ȥɳõѡ񡣶ңǷֿһʱ䣬Ҳպÿؿһ±˴˵Ĺϵ
һ˲䣬½֮Ƶл߾ԼǷˡ
ʼֵ룺ʵҲǷǵȥ
ٵһȡʦˣһûбİ취
Ҳ֪뷨˽ǰҲ㶪£ԼȥħôֵҪȥԼ£ҾֻԼΪأ½֮ƣֻܾԼȥܾġ
΢͵ǰѵܰл𵶣ȴܴӸϣлߵľ
Ȼû취⣬ûʸȥлߡ
ߣԲҽ첻˦־ߡ½֮§лߡЩ죬컵ΣǴ˿˾ȴ˼
ûֻԼġ
ΪԼҲл˵áͬȥ侲ϸ˼֮Ҳû취ȥġ
ĺϲлߣһ뵽Ҫֿôã;Ҫ˺һЩ£ôˣͿôġ
ΪԼ˽ģ븸ĸԺѾԵСˡ
㲻ҾãԼѡ˴֣㡣Բô˵
½֮ͲȥѵľȡᣬֻҪзֱܵıʹ࣬Ǩŭлͷȥ
л߲תô½֮ĻֻǾãȽϺʡ
½֮ᡰšһſɣʵҲûãѡҿÿдš˵мѰᣬһȥ㡣
޵˵ȷʵʲô˷ֱһ£Ҳ㹻ѵʱ⡣
߶߶غл˵ŻԼûʲô˵ģ˵˵ţҲûôѹˡ
ǿõĵط
½֮ĹĵءߡлһǸһʱ𣬻ɫϣǲǸһ̫ã˴ΪҶ֪
ҲҪֿˡװɵҲû˼ˡ
½֮૵Ͳٻ˰ɣ
˵ʱëҲˡֱӾͰ˴ϼ
лû˵ʲôҲ˵ֻǰ½֮˵
½֮ر࣬ԶʱʱûʧһˣҲˣô죿
леΣȥĶ
½֮Ȼе棬ԴԹӼ˿϶Ը¡˵⼸ʹƣʱ˭ˡҴǰ߹ȥ㶼ϲ
лߣû¶ٿ㻰ӡ
˭Ҳôܲ˵ү
½֮ͻȻл߷˹ࣺΪ˱·Ҿһ£һֱǵҡ
Ȼ˵ƽ£Է˯ѧֻһ¹ˡ
лһĥ仰ʱˡһ
ԴӲ½֮˼л߾һֱע½֮־롣
ҹ½֮ͻȻͬ˯һ§лߵʱﶼʲôԡ˿̣лͻȻ;ã½̫֮ˡ
ǼǼűǼ⣬Ϣںڰн֯һ𣬱˴˵ֻͫӳԷ
лĵ׻ʱһƿ½֮ΣϵûһǰΪһʱ嶯£̫ˡ
ǽ֮ܲôֻһµĻ
½֮˶
лס΢΢
Ȼ½֮Ҫ֮ǰ𣬸һͷ
ȻԭСëǿԱˡһô꣬ͷ´ࡣ
ÿ˯ʱ򣬾ͻֻǷףëȥڸҵĿԡֱ
½֮еؿлߣô
лͣƬ̣һ̧½֮Ĺͷˣ˯ɡ
лҪ˵ɰдˣеأ
ǲôķ֨ð߳˰ȫ𣿴žǣ̫ɵˣ
ʵҲֳǴcp۰ɣҾǺҲΪ̸˺ܶ


47 
뱻, ʵĿӿķΣ֮ǰ޵, ѾʧӰˡ
лɻȥ, еʧ䣬ҵ룺Լոǹˡ
½֮лӦܲһߣɺõлߣ˶ʮ, ôһġ
л߷˸ľǰʵ̫ˣԼŰɡ˯ͦõġ
ѩǺ, ϶ܲˡ½֮Сʱȥӡ, ȫ̶ڸ׵, ɪɪ΢¶һͷ̲ס磬ֱõë½֮ҡԴ˯ȥ, ҵëͷʲôʱȺġԱ˯
ǰл߻, ˯ѷͷˡ
½֮
˵½֮ȥ, ǰ˯ϣʲôʱͷ̾ˣ
л߼תڱ, Ц
֪۸ҡ½֮ѹϣֲֻǸ򡣡
лߴӱ۾¶Ҳţҿ
½֮һ٣Լȥˡ
лȴûȥһΪ½֮¶̬ܵȣʶȤزʡ
ֵл߰ˣôˣôŤŤģ
ԭΣҲʲôҪɡڳǣͿұĴҷɡ
л߼½ᰵԭΣȻ紫еһһȳи˳ɿӹʱ򣬷·߲˺ϼ
½֮ԭΣҲ󰡡
ҪǣȻǶΪʲôͲԿ
½֮ñסͷ
лˣⶺԭθǲ˵ôů͡
½֮ȥѽ÷ͷˡ
һǲڴϣٴΰ
ʹĻ˵ô࣬½֮ȥл߹뿪£ʲôʱߣ
лӦþ⼸졣
ӺΪڳǾο뿪ôã缸ߣߣҲûʲôֱˡ
½֮лߣûôԶǧ֮⣬һҪСġӼˣҲȫǣ˷
˵Լ֮ǰĲֻ֤˵Ӻܴ½ֵ¹شлߣȻȡ½ᰵ֤
½֮ǲġ
½֮ԥһ£лߣ㻹ǲǵãǸװŪƭӡ
лȻǵã̾סˡ
ʱǸ˸Ҫ⣬ͱ뿪ǡ
Ӧˡ
лȻ뵽˸½֮ǩġǩ֮ĹϵЩ΢лһʱ֪˵ʲôֻʵ˵Ļ𣿡
½֮ҡͷȻš
Ҳű˸ҵˡˣҲֻԼѡġ
ġ
СʱѾΪʲô̸йءˡ£ȴǵͷĻ
һ·ϣ˵һǧιѡԹҲѡ͵͵ȥ档Ļܼܡȥ棬ᱻ﷢֣Ҳᡣ
㿴׷ʲôԼġ£ܸӣʵҲûʲô˾Լôѡ
ͻȻ˺ܿ϶ظ㣬ᷢһ£ôѡһԲʲôˣǶԷĻǵİţֻΪյĳЩ£ԴԼĿġ½֮üͷлߣǴ֮û֣ҲûĶұΪֻ˷ӡķչ˵Ļغˣܿܲʲôɺϡ
ǸӦǰ֪ľô¡лҵˣ϶ҲҹϵǳС
Ͼл߾һԭأǲô꣬ҲûȻӺ㣬ժǻʱҲл߾¡
ϣ˵ĻӦ飬ܻ֡
½֮ʱ鵽ǩǡѳ顱Ҳ˵л߻
˵½֮졣
֪½ᰱȻΪлߵİȫ㹻׼ŻὫл߽Ӻ㣬Ҳ֪ΪûʲôݵĲ²磬ľԱһǳ¡һ̣½֮Ǹо˲
ʲôҲˣлȥֲֻܼĵٶһ飺ǧСġǶӺ㡣
ٱˣӺһЩ
½֮ЩлߵȻ֪
ѪԵûȻθУӼҲûʲôΨһӴӺ㣬ҲֻǼ˼档
ȻȫӼҡ
ûж½֮ĶֵģЦöͷһ½֮ĶͷҼסˡ
л֮Ҫ˿ȴ½֮ס˼
Ƕͷ֣ڱ˴˵пԼл̧֣§ס½֮Ĳ½֮ĺԣ£һ
½֮šһҾ͸㿴ҵԭΡ
ʱëĲ࣬Ӧþϲˡ
л߳ĬƬ̣ǰһŲס½ֻ֪֪֮Բڷֱ֮ǰ˵
½֮һʣΪʲô
ôʲôл߰һűھͱҿһ¡

ӺڶȥԺлߣ½֮һ
Ӻ½֮ȡļ϶лߣôˣ
лϵûʲô죬Ƶ᣺ء
Ӻüȥ
Ҳ̫ˡ
лһǵǡΪһЩ¡
Ҫϣ½֮Ҫ½֮ԭΡ½֮ڡ̾ͻϼҽ顱ۣ죬˵һ䡰ֻһۣܿơıˡ
ССëһţлߵϡоеϤл߶ûüͷʶһСӡȻ½֮أ굽ͷ¡
ȣлºʾԼԲǹģҵʱ̫ˣ½ֿ֮죬Լûп½֮ԭεģ½֮һֱڡ
л߲˵Ӻûϸʣת˻⣺ʰôˣ󲿷ֶѩǶУʹϲϰ˵
л߿Ѿ½֮ЦûҪҪ
½֮Ѳ豭ںãǴŰɣʱҲסˡ
ѾѧҵȻѧΪԺӣԺסĻᣬҲ֮ˡ
лߺһڲ裬ȻҴšȥĶ͸ҴĶȥ
½֮ƳһӺ㡣Ȼ֪лߵı֣Լ˵㻮̺;ʶ˵һÿո㴫ţҪǵûšղţҾ͹ȥ
ʵһ񣬶һַⷨǳ˫ɶԵģһֻеż㣬ֱӴһֻСڵ֮䣬ܿԽɽʵ񡱡
ӺԣѵʱҪԱչأû취ÿնӵš
ֻһţһ⵽ˣһ⻹ûȡûбȡһ⣬ͱԡˡ
½֮¡⻰ԭҲ˵ӺģӺ֪һֱעлߵİΣҪлϵȻбİ취
½֮ڿ׵ˣǱ鷳ӵѰæתһˡ
Ӻ㱾ҪףͻȻһ£Ҽǵһģ׷ȥסôܰҵܴܵأ
½֮
ĹĵŤͷлߡ
лæסͷȣӵ˵ЦˡȲ衣Ȳ衣
лҪ˵ȻʱŴ󷨣ֿܾõģӦ÷ɸҲͷˡ޸һ´ǣٴη


48 
ӵѩɽ֮ϡ
ɫϴ, ƴֿɼȥ, ǰװıѩżмǿ, ֦ͷҲ˱衣
ѩƽ̹ǻ㼣
Ǵ⵽·˼
ߵɽ, һصĶڡ
˵غ쳣ѩˮɱɽУȴһδ̵ˮ̶
һŰɫµ꣬бĿ̶ˮ, ûؿڡ
лߵòǰ̫ĲΨһͷڷ, ˱ѩס
֪˶, ûа˿Ѫɫ۽޶Ϻı˪󴳽»ΪҲǱѩɡ
Ƭ̺, ۽΢΢ſ, ¶ƣȴ˫
л߷̷ߵʯͷ, վ߳ˮ̶ˮ̶һɲǣ׷ѸȾɫ, ںڡʪ·Ҳ𵴵Ӹɡ
Ӻվڶڳ۵һ˿ǣʵʮ졣
ѩɽĵط̤㡣̶֮
Ӻ׾ѩѪͳʱҲ֪ĺ壬һˢĹѪֱÿһ羭ϱ˪ͣ޼᲻ݣһʹĹ̡˵лߵľô
лЦЦãҲǺۡ
Ӻ۶ǲ̫ͬļˡ
л룬һЩľûáܲסһġ
лǰһûݼշתѩǵʱʵǳġ
ѩǵľȫһ
ûбŵˣҲûбͬû˱ȥ¡νĸĸ
ʵϣӺ㣬ֻѩǵĳ򸾣Ҳ游ĸǶԷ򸾿Ƕº͡Ǻܼ׽ڿ̫ϰ֮ҲĬĬص˺ദʽ
лΪ޸ӼûκνʲôҪ󣬻˼̾Ͱȥ
ס꣬ûиܵκεΪ벻졣СʳţطУӺһֲٰ죬ϸ΢
л߲ǲ֪ôˣȻӺ׽
Ӻ㿴΢֣̾˿ûֻǽеĶݸлߣ½֮š
½֮ȷʵ˵ÿնлдš
л߸տʼѩǵʱֻסɽµıԺѧӦĺʱԼҲյ½֮šһߣͽû˰취
һҪɽϱչأһ£̫ˣΪҲɲ
ʵлһʼҲû˼鷳Ӻ㡣Ӻÿɽʱ򣬶֮ǰŸ
һ֣л߶ʱһ
һεţҪࡣ
꣬ħĶԽƵܶط˵ȼħ½֮פڳ߾ܲġ
Ӻƺ֪ʲôûʣ͵
߱ħս³Խ½֮ΪسһŻ³鲻ʱдš
лһţ𣿡
ġҴˡӺħûʲôرĽɫ֮ǰλħִǣ½֮ڳǽ⡣θ¡ֻǵͽħڶ࣬ҪЩʱա
л֪ӺӳȣſڿӣĵҲ
Ӻ֮ǰͣΪʲôűˣЦû뵽һ죬Ϊ֮˵û
ӺƳлһۣѵ˵Ļ𣿡
лգգۿЦ
Ӻ½֮ԸֲϹӣȻó
ǲ̫ϲӺĬƬ̣ǳˡ
Ҳ˵ϲϲֻòװѵܵһȴܵѾˣȸ׽̫顣½֮ɢһ֡ҼҵģֻܸŴϢȻﲻ̫ζ
л½֮ĹϵʵںѶ½֮͡
ǰҲûʲôʸͷ㡣ҲҸ˵ƫȷʵ
л߾е棺ﲻ
ʵǿӺ㲻˼һʵǿģﲻôơ
лʧЦ
ӺÿҲæ뿪ˡ
Ӽ˵̳ѩѪҪڴ˴СｨһССᡣֵлסˡ
лڴϣֲһ⡣
дһŵʱ򣬳εս´Żûʼкüҳ
ߣ
档
һһ˳ǣҵ̸żȻżһ¡
˵ǿ˭ֱӴȫҵ׾ͺãǰҵôġҵʱͷ֮ͬĸңǧҪôңϲ˭ñֵһЩٶԷչ¶ԼƣͿԵŶԷϹҡ
ΪѰյǣö꣬û뵽Ȼ

ˣ˵аͷˡҾðͷܺÿȻͷҲÿ
½֮
лָһֺۡ
ʱ⡣
뿪һ̣ûʱţǷֿ½֮ὥǵһʱǻὥûʲô˵أͱͨѡ
һʼűѹ¡أͷ·ŲˣͷŽ˹ĳ롣
Ҳˡ
ڣ·һľͷӡȫһš
Ӳ˼ѰҲûʲôأľзЩС¡ȤģԹģƽġ
ͺǻÿһſ飬½֮ſߣ߶߶һ
ѩɽĺĺѰϰ˳ǵůѵʱ򣬶ǶЩţġ
ڻͷ룬ʱת˲ţֻ졣
мĺۼú˿оžޣ¾λħµĳٳʲôģ
ɵİ
űԽԽ̡
лһ𿪡
ڲһ⡣
ּңһǲִ֮дģֻǼ֡
ߣҺ㡣
лҪ˵ˡ顿


49 
߹һ, һֻ˳Ĵӣһ߶һߡ
Դлѩ, ӺͰԼ, һһѮɽֵأһֹ, лʲô£ǡ
ֵصĵڰ졣
䣬ѩߴС߳󣬸ӺѩȥԾҲǸϱ, ɽ´߰죬еܲס
ɽǸ, ˵Դһǰ˶, ûˡٽʱʱȥҪǲѾɽˡ
ȥǽлߵʱǸӺһȥġǸ˵ٽܵܵ꣬, ģ˵Ҫʱ͵͵, ϴ˰, һҲӼҵ֡
û뵽ȻͷôӲ˲òࡣ
߿ҪӽֵصסͻȻŲһ١
һİϢǸ֡
ѩ̫䣬ƫƧ, ƽϲʲô裬һϢʲôˣ
Էûʲô⣬ֻǰվ
תһ䣬Լסԣˡ
µվߣܼž޷磬۽ȴڿҶĿһ̣߷·𿴵ѩϯ
̲סһһ֣ˡ
ȻعΪԼѩ̫ãֻþˡ
ҪȻôλɽһһĺˣȻɽˣ
ܿͷӦ˹ҲΪ˵лɽӦлߡ
л֪Ӻﰲˣһ֪Է뿪֮󣬶ԷҪװܶ
ӭȥСүҪʲô𣿻ҪɽЪһЪ
лϵ͵Ҵ뿪һӣʱɽʱˡ
߲ΪȻذڰ֣డñץѵȫ͵ˡСүȥɣҵõٽĵ
лЦŸתȥĴƽȣȴת˲ѵ˰׿⡣
ע⵽лߵϢѾһǰȻͬˣովȻûϳ
һǰһμлߵʱл߻Ϣ磬ɬԵáһʱ䣬л߻ѹϢη֮⡣
ֱӳ嵽龵۷𣿣
߿лߵıӰ˼䣺ٽɽϿޣҲûôʹڰǳʲôҩˡ
лɽǣֱӺ㸮ϡ
Ӻƣһ·ͨ衣
Ӻ㸮ϣлط֣վġҽǽʰҪԶŵӡ
ӺѾӵϢеӺΪʲô£ɫءڿлߵһ̣ӺŲһ١
ϴȥлߣʮ֮ǰʱлһƿ֮УڸԳ
Ϊлٵһ꣬ԾƿװѾ֮ࡣ
ӺлߵļѵϸԵЦ⣺ϢԲ̥ǡ
ο֮࣬Ӻøպáԭţû취ˡ
л߿״ѾµˣҪԶ𣿡
֮ǰѩ㰲ȣѩǣֻڸߡǰգٴǱߴϢ˵ͻʢħƸ߰Ҫи߽ħȻѩڣٴϾѩҲøϹȥ
лߵͷʲôʱߣ
һ硣
Ǹպ˳·ȥһ˼ңոһߡ
ٴѩ֮ϡس·ϣպҪ
ӺȻлȣеΣŸոͻƿɽϱչһʱգȹ̾ġ궼ȥˣѵں༸𣿡
лЦЦڰ֣һ˼ű£ǿбչأҲͽ͡
Ӻеĥ˼ˣ֮ǰдʲôˣ
˸̼
л죬е㲻˼Ǵ󷽷Һ
Ӻԣϸ˿лߣҾã֮ǰ̫һˡ
Ӻ㿴лߵһ۾ͷˡ
л֮ǰѹ֣ɵ˼ȴͬѩϴ棬ʡһʼΪл޸̤֮·ľȻ˱仯ػ緢֮ʱ
øΪԭлľն񣬲һͻƿ
ӺһǰЩ˸УҸоŸյѩûãҪˡ
лЦԺ϶Ҫʱʱλ˼ң㰡
Ӻ㻹ǲˣһһ£½̣֮
ʵһֱͦҵġ
Ӻ㲻ΪȻл룬Ц̲˵ĻҾʹһ
⼸ħķҲϣܲһֱȥ

Ӻ㲢ûдˣֻᳵӣۼۡ
л߲ûи½֮Ҫȥ¡½֮ǱƲãæдŵʱ䶼ûСǴŹȥδ½֮
л󲿷ʱڿޣһǴѩɽ¡Ȼ˵ħƴ󣬾ԽԽĴšһԼ˫ۣһС
ǲŸʮ·Ѿħ
ȻģҲûʲôɫԱӺ㼰ȫնɱźѾ㹻ˡ
ԽǿٴԽʢħҲԽšѹٴɸи߽ħ彵
½֮ϲýɢлߵһձó
ǧǰħ֮սһҲûӹȫսҡüҪսΪ˹أġħء
ٵߣۼصһ԰ıޣ󳯷ǱߵΡ
½֮Ӻ˵ʵԱ֤İΣҲһúࡣ
֪ǲߣӵԵʣл⼸վø
ÿմгֵţȻֻж̶̼仰ҲԸлһЩοˡ
죬ϣŻû
һֱҹۿ©ɰѾĩβһֱԱ˹
лһ̧ȡǷţ𿪡
¶Ϥ֡
ߣѹұȥ֧ԮܻЩæдŸ㣬Ҫ
ŵ˵ƽּҲϹлߵͷȴ͵
ߣ½¼ڱߣ½һ궼һʱôֵ½֮ȥ
½֮⼸նֻдȼ仰˵ߵҲ̫ãôͻȻȥ
лȥӺ㣬ţǱǲǳˣ
Ӻվźüɫ࣬ƺ˵ʲô¡ӺҲûʵӵʲôϢˣ
л߰ǷŵݸӺ㣬ֶǶġ
Ӻ㿴֮ɫӣǰħλѹһ£㻹ǵ𣿡
лߵȻǵá
ʱժǻᡣΪôɣժǻϳ²ű׽ҹ
л߲رֻ½֪֮ժǳǳɱƼҳ˺ܴһѪ
ʱǸħӻײһѨһֱԼϢҶΪûֻ湶Ӳд
ҸոյõϢʵǸħѾˣģӺ㲻ɫл߿˿һ£ֱӵʵħ죬ħͼ뿪ߡ
һħһǧǰħ֮սڶһ
ӷӿֵħҲ˴𰸡
л߷סӣѣʦ
߾Ͱųħ½ᰱض岻ݴǡ
½᰻úõģôҲ½֮ȥߡ
˻ԣûӺ֪½ᰶлͬһ㣬ȻϸˣʱʵңǴ쳣޵ĸּʮλʥߡħַӡ˻ȥ
û֣л߽Ӳ壬͵طɣһϡ
ûôΣաӺֻ½ˣʱ½֮ȻҪΪǵĴǰߣһڡ
лȴкһ㡣۾䣺棬档
ħߣȫħΪ˽ħȻҪȫΧߡʱ򣬾Ͳħħˡ
½֮ǿϾᡣ
ӺҲûʲôܰοлߣֻܰסлߵļ򣺡Ѿӵ游Ϣȥٴ̸֧Ԯ
лҪ˵ͼ£ʧˡŬ
ģֻһСѣǸı


50 
ҹЪӺоͨ󷨵, ʱʱ̶̿۲ڣ޸Ĺ, ʱܱ󷨡
һ, ǱԽޡ
ԽǿߣԽأϹģСħ顣
, СЩĳׯѾκͨĺۼǨˣˡ
ʵЩ꣬۴˽ĦΣħһֱڽ, ħôࡣ
ֻһ͡л˵ȫħ, ˡ
ǰ, ضħۼֱߵķ½֮ڵܺϹأ׵֮һ
лҲǴǰʼûյ½֮Ϣˡ
ոսһս, ԭ׵۽Ѫ˭Ҳ˲ʰˡ
лĵվڴͷңңǰ, Ҫ, ½֮ӰѪ˳ŵûݹĲ
ӵɱӺǶлߵ̬, Ȼþηࡣ
Ӻߵлԣֹ
л߳˳ǣ˵ɡ
״ܷʲôл߶׼ˡ
賿ԭ·ļħ֪ͨʲôֶΣͻȻܺϹϿա½֮Ǳ⧲߽ս˲أӦزסˡ
ӺԤϣлûʹ࣬šɫƽЦһ£ǴƴҪأܻüϹȥġ
ֻ֮ᣬصܺϹزߵǰ϶ѡԴҾãܺϹصսҲ˲ˣҴҸϹȥ˴ʧˣȥսħãɴееȥ𣿡
ұܺϹһصİΣħһҹ֮䣬֪ؿԽսľ룬ֵ̽龯衣ǶΣ𶥵Ĵ
û˻ȥ֧Ԯ½֮ˡӺڵѩǡ
Ӻ˱ۣѰлߵĻ˵ڣлߣǡǰһΣǾҪתܺϹغ󷽵Ĺؿȥ
ʵл߲жŭ߹ϵδеȡȻҪԽħΪΨһĿġ
ܺϹصĲ½֮һˣһĽ½֮ԼҲ̹Ȼܵġ
лߵͷáǰһΣ˷ֱĲ·Ҿ´
۵ٶȱԼҪ졣
ӺıⲢл߸𣬿лȥͼ˵лߣزסˣ½֮Ϊ֣δزӳ
ӵġµлѾûκνˡӺ㣬ɫƽصǳĳǳء涼ǳİաԲӵġ
ӺңӣϹȥʲôã
ʥ߶ڷӡħĹˣʣµҪôǣطҪôѹħ
οʥףһˣҲŤתսˡ
ûʲôáлߵͷԼĵһҪȥ
Ӻϵѵǰ̩Ǹ΢ǧ͹ġ
һͨͨĵϿۻҵķ󷨡лЩһֱӺȫûʲôֻ֮˵ƽƽˡӼкܶãʺлߵĵл߶ܾˣֻһѴߡ
лע⵽ߣµʲô⵶ûʲôôΨһۣڷ龧̵󷨣õֻҪ΢߶ܴ߶龧еڵϣΪá
ѵƽƽʵ˺ܶĲϣŵĴʯޱȡֻҪĵ龧۷֮µĵУʹ
Ӻһ٣ǰѵ̲һˡ
ܼ򵥣ޱȣõԽ࣬ĵ龧ȼԽߣԽѿ̻Ѱֻ򵥵Ľתܲ𣬸˵۷塣
һȫ¶𾪵
ѵﲻĸ߽ʿȱݣһʵƽƽԴʿһԾӵи߽ʿʵѾ츳޵ʿȡ
ѵʦȻǸţ½֮ܳеѵģҲһ䡰ݡݵġ
½֮츳׿ԽΪʲôҪѾһѵȻض˵
Ӻɫӡ
֮Ϊѵࡣǰ¶ͲʧûиҡҪͳʱҾȥѩǣ޸ѵôûôˡʲôҲû΢ңҿܴͷβ֪ѵĴڡ
ле˸Уڸϣʵһر˰ɣ
Ӻ㲻ͬ仰Ҳܺá
½֮ˣлҲڸͬĴۡ
һҲ˵˭һ㣬˭һ㡣
лӷ򸾺Ӽл֮Ị̇˫˭Ҳ𡣿ɵһ̣л߾úɾ˵˿ڣһ԰Ƕҵķйء
ܾãֳں˭͸˶Է̤ҵȨҾͻǸŮһĿֵ֮غԣȴһֱװͿ
ںܺڡ
ȻҲǺȥѩǡû޸ǾȥֻǺڣ֪ڵʲôȴһֱûи𸴡
֪ΪʲôͻȻͻΪôãףֵķһԸĴ⻳ɣʲôǼǿһʽˡҲΪԼҲΪˡڸҳϲ
ϲϲϲǲϲϲãܲԶһʲôϵأ
硣лߵһôӺ㣬ֱǰһҵʱûסҺûдһ͡˼йصĻ
Ѿûʱٸ˷ˡҿҲ˵ˣڻлѡҪҪȥ
Ҫȥлƽ·ҪȥȥһڴѾõԼᣬħˣվǰҲסҡ
˵䣬Ѿ˷ֱ·ڡ
л߻ͷӺ˻֣磬ˡ
ԥԾۡ

֪֮΢ٳ΢⹦û¡õ΢ε㣬һ·ͷˡ
Ҫܻȥٸӵۡ
˪Ѫ
лڴϢĹ򣬻һ΢ĳ⡣
л߲֪Լ¹ٴΣɱ˶ħ塣ʵ´ĵطѾܺϹز̫ԶˡԽӽԽߡҪɱ·ħ壬Ҫ˳־ȱħΧĵѡ
µ˼ǰƴܺϹزˣߣ
лĨһϵѪЦҵ»ء
Ǿûˡ
ڵˡ
ڵ潻ļ϶л̧ۣڿܺϹظߴĳš
ǧﱼҪꡣ
½֮վڳǽϡ
лʶļλǸ߽ؽػΧ
ȻǺҵģӦòϲĵȾ͵ɫѪɫ
л룬ԼӦҲࡣȾѪɫ
еһУࡣѪɱ
½֮Ӧǿġ
Ϊ½֮վߴȴԶԶģں޾ħ֮С
лͷȥһ̣½֮·ʲôԭԶߣͻȻɨ
ǵڿжϡ
ħʱ⣬Ǳ˴
ʵĿഥһǷǳǳ̵ģ̵½֮۵׵лȴֻúó
㱵룺Ҳֵˡ
½֮ӵһ̣ɿ˹ң
ܽڿ
о޴գɫһܺϹϿգ
½ᰵԭκ񣬵Ǻֲһ
ڿſ˫ᡣ۵Ŀϯŷ·ܷһǵһǵضлܵħ巢ĲҽУ
лߴȴŴǣ½֮ǰץ֣
лûбۣͷſ񼣰һС
ӿ΢΢ͷڿһ
лʶ֣Ҫץסʲô
޴󣬾ֵһʧˡ
羲ֹˡȵ¶Ҳ˲ȥ
Χһӱÿյ࣬ЩԶҲɱ꣬ƣ룬ֻýħȫʧˡ
ֻʣ˺۵ʿվţûзӦʲô
ţȺħ
лҪ˵Ҿһдرã˺öΣ
֨ҸҸõطһףŰˡ
ʧ䣡Ժü꣡ǲҪҲ£


51 
½֮վڳǽ, ǰͺ̣ԶϾħԼǲ, ˶ٴιڵѾתݽ, һ֧鲻ˡ
Էħ̫ͻȻܺϹصĸ߽ʿȫĴ򷨣ǿ֧ˡżսԽԽ٣ǽԳ
½֮ԼҲ֪, סˡ
ԴӾƲȰߵһֱûжϹ
ˣ½ݺףô죿
ɽ, ûա
ǧɣûһᵽ̰, ͵
½֮ĽǱ˳ǽͷ, һҲܶ
ܺϹǸǣЩ½½һЩʮС
Գǰεض𣬷ԲǧСǳ, ԶԳɹܳӻǧˡ
, ĸĸֻΪ, ܺϹһУħɱԺʲô, ᡰ֣
½֮˲ңֵˡûùһУܻߡ
ָĿڣɫѪҺȴûӿָ飬һ֧ϡ
Ĺ𶯣
һңѪҺھҷڣĵȴƽġ
ΨһȽź
뿪֮ǰ˵ȥѩǿ
տʼŵȰˣŵȾȶһЩһһ죬ϵڡ
Ѿûˡ
һɲǣ½֮ħȺУлߡ

ܵĳǳأɱһкûд޵ͥԺ
Ӱڳرߣ׾ۣɸɾһ£
´󲽴˽ŸմӳսףµѪŮڣҪһһƿ
ӰеĶȫȥվ㣬ҵ㶼ˡ
¸ûӰ˵ʲôһѰסӰļ۾Ѫ죺̻ţ
̶һʱ䣬ӰѾشˡƿ£תȥȻһäʦң˵飬Щֶɱ½֮ġ
ϧһäʦǰ̫ᣬѹסƼЩۿ½֮սɳĻŵҪˡ
磬ϿաѹˣԶǧܿľ޴𵽴贫ģ½֮ͷóȸ࣬·ħһ𣬽ǧһնյĴš
ļʣѳǳôܣֻ龵ڣ
ʥףҲδʹ
û취˭˼תأӰ£ҡǩͲǵλ治Ҳ𣿡
ʱ޿͵岮Ҫɱʦ£εݺȽյأȴʶ˺ұۣһսΪʮأնɱħڽ£ع
Ž֮ʱֵսҲϣħǧȥٴα͸½֮Ӧʱ
ģӻѰɱǡ
¼Уѵʲôؿһعλתƣ½ҳȡƼ𣿣
Ӱһ˲úۡ
ͻȻ£ɱ½֮ħ˭ȥ
ʼ벻ף½֮عλ½µ׸Ƽʲôϵ
һ˵Ƽʢô꣬
ʵƼҵ˥ܣڼǰѾʼˡƼҰ裬ǵ龧ֳſʼƼҵõԴȴ̰ܺᣬһһʼӷ˥ܶߣôͼǿǿäӣͼ̽ʼ
νäӣʵѡĳЩʼѵõ̥ӵ֮վǿס˫ĿգٸĳѪȲ̵طһֱУͽܻ֪ĳЩδ
ǿһͱƼҳΪäʦԭһäʦѡļ̳ˣֻΪ½۾ʮлһŴһ䵽Ӱϡ
˵ȥûʳڵãúԣǰǱϹӣȥԣ
Ƽҵ˥ܹףһҵ
Ƽңǧǰͱءƾʲô˫ȭ૵Ƽ֮Ʋܴ½ȴƼҲȵŵסҲġ
ͽһǿδ½ңŻԸʶ䣬Ƽҡ
Ƽڲ۵ټ
Ӱøˡ
ʮ͸½ˡ˺üʮ꣬½֮Ž
𿴵δǲƼҸŰɡ
Ӱٸ˵ȥˣɱ½֮ķһäʦѾˡķ˶ٹ򣬲ŰлߵĻǴɹ
Ҫƻ½֮عλΨһİ취Ӱһ֧ǩָ䣬Լĸ֡
ǩϣƽлħУ½֮ĸԸȥ

½֮һ֮ްħ·Ҳѹټ
лܺϹ˼գħɢȥ̻˳ǡ
л߻һ죬½ݺȥ
ԭһ棬ʱʱ½֮๥ƲŮһӣҲ˼֮ɫǼڿл̱֮ϲȡ
߸磡½ݺкԽлߣ½أ
лǣ֮ǰǴŻ˵֮ʧ𣿡
½ݺۣ˵ƭء
ȻܶഫԲ²½֮֮л߷ųʧٵϢΪ˰ġ½ݺûŹȲ½֮ˣҲ½֮ʧˡ
½֮£лôƽػ͹ˡ½󱦿϶ȫغܡ
лһӣЩ֮ģ½ݺǾʱֳĬЦ֪ˣڳ㡣ﻹùЩӣѹ
л߼½᰷򸾡
½ڴϣȵ˯šȷʵû£״̬ĻҪһЩ
ڴߣǰл´һûʲôˣ΢ɲ˿֮ôûһ
ѵҲ
л̧ͷֹ
˵ɣûбˡ
лڿڣɫѵЩɥ䣺֮һˡһֱţϼҡ
лһʼϵܺϹصĳǽϣ½֮Ѿˣȷʵż
ոһĻ𺳹𺳣½֮Գ֪ҪʲôĴۡ
Һл½֮͵β𣬿Ѱ½֮Ȼͷ֣½֮ʵÿѭŷҹȥһա
βָʾķҲ֮󣬲ͣת䡣
˼Σл߾ˡ
½֮͸Χֶ
֪½֮ûбˣ½֮ϼǧȷ¡
е㾪ȣʱܶ𣿡
лߵͷš
ܿԾ˳ǽ½֮Ѿˡ
лߵɫССϸֻҵ
ԭˣһ˿Цл߽̫֮ͣЩëˣֱڡ
лһüʲôΣ𣿡
ǵûУһͺˡ½֮Ϊʲôϼлߣܲ³һ㡣ίڣԴȽСȻ뷨ͻȽϣţء
лסл߳⣺֮Сʱرɵܺ׽ġű߷һСɣȻźţ¨ӿͺˡ
лҪ˵ʲôһžͿСʹ㿪УǿĴСֻڡ֮ǰһŶѡ
ôۣܲԷ֨òõëûʧ䣬ֻǣɵ˶ѡ¾Ҫߣˣң
أʵǵ͵꣬Ϊ˽ûʲôĿϾڳǰӣҲûɶͼİɡ


52 
ҹ¶ء
Ĺ֦ͷƣ鳲, մյһֻСʱʱ֨֨ĵ
ӲԶĹľͻȻðһССԴӰĺɫС۾ܹ۲һ, ûʲô, ŰһֻŲ
һɫϸ𣬿ȥССģСӵȭͷ, ɣԲ򣬼ֱ˻ǷܷɵǺС̵طˡ
½֮ѾľĹ۲Ӱˡ
ĵϨˡһʼԼЩ, 㽥
лЩ쵽ûôϢ, Ӧú, Ѿ˯ˡ
ӵĴûйء½֮ڴرߣԴ￴Ӱл߹űһţֻ¶ȵ˯š
ضл߿˺һл߶û, ڰͶԼεĿꡣ
ʱлը˺ЩС, ܵ÷Բﶼǡ½֮ȥŷ͵, ˭֪лը֮󣬰СװʳУ
ʳ, ͰмϣбһߡʣµСɣɢѾôŨңǳǳţ½֮રવˮ
۰Ͱ͵ؿǸʳУŤͷ˯лߣһʱɲ
ǰ֪ʱ򣬱Сɿ۹öΣһ㾯衣
ĺԡѾþúþûԹСˡ
ǰǰűߣԼź棬лھͰȵ˯ڴϡǸӾڴڱߣлҲͦԶġ
ңлֲ֪Сʱ򾭳¨ץ£ôһУ
һ仰ɹ˵Լ
˽ǶȣſԼë׵Сֻһ£ƮƮǸʳ
ûзһĶ
½֮е㽾
ͷװСɵʳѡһСպܵߵġյͷġડһ
½֮Ķסˡ
̧ͷʳбӿˣ

л߹͸ʳиϵķ϶￴ʱ򣬾ͿһֻԲͷԲԣﻹСɣдˡ𾪡͡ëס
ë׺е졭
лһʱ֪ӦöԼڿ½֮ԭͶ𾪣Ӧöһֻëףȴֳܱ˷ḻԵе𾪡
л߿ʳ½֮૵ԭСɾ׽
仰ŭ½֮ԭ·ʯСȸͻȻͶһ£ëըڵʳҷײ顱
лû뵽ӦôԴײˣæҵذʳƿ
Сȸʳеļ϶ûͷûԵҷɣֱһͷ˲ڶﱻˡ
һʼĵƴڣɢžϢ
лߣ
ʵտʼлֻǾеˡϾֱһȥֱֻĲͬѾֻСȸֱʮˣҲǵԷģˡ
Ϊһֻرȣرӣʵڸлߵӡ̡
л˼½֮СӣӲקĹУЦʵʮһʱһսսҰų𣿡
½֮֮ĵһ£Ƿŭл˺ü£Сɡ
һֱɵߣ½֮ʶл߲û׷󰲰ġ
ɵڴͣ£ڴ䣬ͷؿ
л߻ӱߣ¹ϣɫᣬֺһѹ½֮ڵĽ䣬ֻ㡣
½֮ûʧȥЩļ䣬ȻǵãΪ˰Сʮļҵ˳ȥһ֧β͸ˣҲȫͷ꣬ĵë꣬ż
϶ĵ¡
½֮Щǰ۲˺þãǾúܲⳤԼ
ѵԼʧôϲԸôӵˣϲӣβͣͣ粻Ż˵ҪĻ̫СѵĴ𣿣
컹úӿ
л߻Ǹ壬˵ëûУԼβһҲ䡣
һ̣½֮ڴӺ󣬿¹ɫлߣСе졣
ҵ룺ȣȻûëҲջܿɡǳڷǳҵԵʣҲǿ³
ûȥ
ɣҲǾ׷ŹģҪԺϼˣҶӾҶӣ¨ӾͿ¨ӣӿô
ҴˣŻ㡣лģڵ½֮СӺ壬ȡһɷϣҸǸ㻹С˺þãרŸġ
ĵص˺һһֱȵսĹ⣬һƫˣֻڴ̽ͷ̽ԵСȸڴӴӺɳˣֵϣһ߶ɣرصأһ¡
ϧģ߶Ҳֻۣе
леЦҲ֪ЦˡֻСȸ߶ɳԡ
л߷½֮ųţͻȻֻ񶼾ֹƬ̣Ťͷ𾪵ؿ
лһôˣϿζ𣿡
ѵ꣬½֮Ŀζˣ
½֮ɤȥ
ζм䣬׿ڳԵȫָо
СԽһ̣½֮ͻȻԼ
СôõĻʵżһ¶ӣҲǲԡ
л߷½֮ɵٶһӼӿˣת۾¶ǡ
л̣Ҳ֪òˣʳпˡ
СȸصлһϲԳ̫˯

ŸոճɣھҪ˯
˵ϲҡ
л߾½֮ζϾһ˫ڶۣܿ𾪡Ѿǳѵˣرӵʵںѽ
лжิӵ뷨Ҳû£֣á籧֮ƭҴȥ
½֮롰ΪҲ֪Ҷӡ߸ߵ̧°ͣлߵ֣Լɹȥˡ
Ÿյϣ½֮ͲϤϢСȣɢҵıײײ˼ײͷϡ
˲ԼſſͷݳһСӡ
лߵǸͷϤ¶ȺϢ½֮Ȫһĸо淭˼Ȧϣ̯ƽˡ
л߹ȻʱͷôȣҪó
һֻ꣬ܶ˼Ҳȷʵͦҵġ
뵽ͬóͷȵʾл¡
лȴΪˡ
½֮ë࣬Ҳζţͷ½֮ͷм䣬лʵû취ҵһѹ½֮˯ͷϵơ
һ¹ȥ½֮ദľ顣ֱ˵һ㣬Ҳ߳ŭɣ˵ǨŭͷͷĻʲôġ
л˼һ£һ½֮Сӣ
½֮
ŭشͷϷһлһС硣
лҪ˵½֮û鰮ֻбл֧䣬絽һζʣĿ־塭
ʣʾǷ֨ëҷˮ͡


53 
ɫ, Ӱ֯
лڴϣ, ԶһСš
ո½֮, л߾˳ְͷˣҸλðںãԼȥ, ʾԱߵĿ϶˯
ڰе½֮ʹסˡ
˺ü³򣬲˯ͷϣԶԶڴһߣлߣÿһë״,
л߶˶Ųȥһ, ָһë׵ıˡ
ëͷҲ, ԶŲŲ
лߺɵؼͼŲ
Һ½֮˯ڴ棬ŲȥǱлһǽǡ
½֮ǽͷǽ, л߻һһġ
, Ťͷһлߵ֡
лڰ˻ȥ, ҲûԶԶģְͷҲ˹ǽ߰ںã컹С, òã
½֮СɵķϣǿԼһ
һһ񣬾ôǽǰһɺˡ
֮УлͻȻڣΪʲôԸ֪ʱֻأ
ʵл֪˵Щڵ½֮ⲻ˵ģû취ӦΪ˵Ųκ޴롣
ѵʱ򡣡
Ȼѹʱʮ꣬Ӻǲ²ôСʵҲûкõȥһ磬ããɽ֮У߰ͯΧûһͬ飬κοԽĶûС
ͦµġ
ɽﰡ϶ޡ㲻вûиɾʳˮʳݣܼ꣬Ҳ֮Ϣȥ
л߶ãֻСȸ˽磬ĵһ˵¡
ֻСȸģǻ𣬿ȡůʳʵϵİҪϵο塣
𣬰Ƣ󣬱Ѱ൫ԴϢСȸ߳ƬããĴ֣ȹֱҹ
˵š֪䣬ԭ۾СȸѾ۾лںڰ֮жӡ
лЦһ½֮Сӣԭô磬˰
½֮צӣſлߵ֡
ûϼأ
ʲôúµġûëˣôС
Ȼô룬лߵͷ˸յأ
лǰͷǼܴ½֮СС壺ǵҺ𣿡
½֮Сһлߴչ
˯

лߵڶ콫δѵʱʶ˲ͷһ˯Ȼ;ñе
˺ü磬۵ʱл߻ЩãȻ
ȻͿֺų߿粽һֻɢ޹ءģ½֮
½֮лˣֵһָ̧Ǳ߽յʳС
Сɣ
лߴŹǷһ۾һƿӣȥ½֮ʳС
½֮ʳֵسɣлһ㡣˼ʣǲеë
ÿδѹǺ½֮һ˯ʱ򡣵Ϊǰ½֮˵ûⷽ
½֮
Եҹʱ򣬾ңлǸŭء˻ߵأౡ

֮Сʱۣ֮;е㶪ˣײϿɤ󳪸ܵҲ֪ǲǸйء
ֻ۸¨ӵĻӦòôɣ
ţߡ
ﰲһ˲Ƭ̺лţɫһǱ
ģڼΣ俴û̫ҡ
ȥһڿһȦߵһϡëһСţȫģ
֣
½֮߷ߵһС磬û
ΪҲ֪Сɿ¨˭̵ģ
ᣬŵЦ⣺һǵãǰÿСץ֮Ϊ֮ϲϴ
û˵꣬½֮Ѿͬȥһϡֻ޿һӡ
леεؿһۡ
۵׺Ц½֮ı֮Сʱܺ棬Բԣ
½֮һţ̴ӿŴɳȥˡ
ˣ
½֮ıӰЦż룬֮Ͱݺһֱ׶ʱģͺˡ
¶ÿ쵽ҷɣľ⣬ľͷƢķգǲ뱻ĸ׽ȥϴëԶҲȥԼѴۣ⣬гصΡ
գ۾ͳˡ󵽣ĸٽȫȫ¡̾˿Լⷬпе޲
˸УлգգۣҲгĺô𣿡
ʵǸ͵ˡԴӺ½֮˸ϵľ½ᰣлܾеšеھΰɡ
Ǳشۣҿ²һõʲôôأ
һ˫·ܶĵۡ꣬½֮ĵȴˣȻǿġ
ҡҡͷطлߣΪֻ֮Ҫϲһʲôأ
ǰѩ죬֮ڳǽվ˺þáôȴô׷㶼ת⣬ܲܽܡûлشҡʱ£Σкܶ£ôŬһܵõԲģܶ˭˵һ֪֮һ죬ҪǲףϣͷԵ̫ݡ
Щ°˵ڣֻ˵лߣɫ֣أߣ㹻á֮ϲ㣬ҺͰһ㶼֮֡ܿǶܸˡ
лԥȻվ˵ʲô¸лѹ䶨뿪֮ǰҪΪ˵ĳһ
л߲е㲻ԣ
½᰺ˬºͣǶԺӵ̬һµģٲ档ôͻȻ˵Щ
ɫƽҪһԶš
лһʱ򣿡
ԡͷܺϹرħΧϢʱҸպΪᰱչˡȳأһжѾ䶨ҿϢ֮󣬱ȥһ¡
ֻ½᰻ԣ½ݺףسδⲻһֱڵл߻
лԽԽԣҪȥʲô
ȥһЩӦô¡ĵظл߽ͣҲ֪ɣǼλܺϹЩʧصħԭǲϢܺϹصġ
лߵȻ֪£ʱɫһݣѵѾˣ
ҡͷʲôѾνˡ֮ǰʵѾܶˡϴժǻ£Ҳ֪ġ
ʵҺͰﶼ֮һδζ˹ȥΪּ֪֮˵СϷϡҵʱѾܲˣħսʱÿһĸ߽ʿħĶԾϣһսҺͰᰶԸͷ
ҵʱˡûбֵضŭƽģһ̣ܺϹص£Ѿҵĵߡ
лߴûм˭֡
һֱ˹İ½ߣЩõС£ࡣˣȴһ̣۵ͬС
Ƽ̫ΪһףҾ̡
лҪ˵д𼦵ĹιǷ֨ůأ


54 
, Ƶʹ
лż
̱ע
, ǰΪڿĻ, ƼǵĴˡСͳڴýӴ
ôĵֻܲ½Ҷšﹲаλְִ֮ߣ֮, λˡ˻Ӧħ壬ʵ߲ģڴˡ
лǵͷҡͷΪЩԼҲڡ
ʱȥټս, ѲǵģѧӶɢǰߣ껹Щɬʦ, ҲѾѧҵ, ˳ҪĹԱ֮һ
ЦЦû˵
Ҳ̫ࡣлڹú࣬ҪһӲ̡ٺһ˿ľҲǺõġ
ǰչ, һӦлߴ
л߱Ͼ½ΨһͽܣҲڳǳ, 볯ԨԴ½ĸķ, ҲӦ
ʱսãʼû¶棬˵½ᰡЩԷ
, ô½˳ɷ½֮½ݺĸסҵʱ½֮ǰߡ
½᰻ԣӰΪ˱½֮İȫлֱӶ½֮ʧ٣½ֻʣһ½ݺ
½ݺ츳һֱƽƽл˵ҪȻǲ̫ġлԽ½ݺ£Щ΢
½ݺͼλһֱվлߣŽƽϢķ粨
òײ죬ֳˡ
Ƽʱֱ½ģҧ
Ƭ̣ǵлʦַġǳٳڣǳŽһģҲ衣
лЦЦУһȦ
Ȼ˲٣ƼˣʮһǴŶ˴վһá
սĲˡ
лߣ
Ůڶ
л̧ۣۺ޲ýƤ£Ŀ֮£λԭƹ
֮ǰαװܵĶׯȣȻ̱ޣģʺ
ºһȴûлߣǿ򳯷ＸλϣҪǵ˰Ľʲô½أҼǵ½һûôֵ˵
½ҵİΣƹġλ¶ŭɫȴл̧ѹ¡
Ƽ˼л߲ŭȻ£
£һ곤ЩƼԵغǳˣл߷ܵЦСء
лûƽ˵Ƽ˲ˣûȰƹڰء游͵ɥӦͦɣպóʱѧѧء
Ƽ˵񶼱ˡڲԼݺݵҪл˺һ⡣
ԱһֱֵǣվԲιҲΪѣֻһ£Ҫ볯顣
л֪ȻƼˣʲôҲв٣ΪǳġҲ˸ոյ⣺񳯷£ʲô£λ˵ˡ
޼ҵĳϣƼ½Ҷ޽飬ʱվҲ޲ס̾ϢлСҲ˵ˣƼҽձһɥĲ֮ͽϣѣƼҵļҲ
գ˵ƵۡƳѳΪȥƼұʹǰ˴شʱһΧҲû˭¶ȵɫ
ΨƼˣ¶밧ݡ
ǰлصͷ˵˲ءҲ֪ʲôȱ£űš
޼ҳһҭʱû
˿ŲԲ죬Կ󰡡
Ƽ˵ͰνˣȻҲʾ
޼ҳԼʱΪʲôҪվֻվм䣬ЦƼҼ˵֮˱½ɷƼǰһظлСƵѳһ˰ɡ
лûжûеգΪʦˣǰأΪϢ춼֪λҽޣƽֻ϶ɱƾƼһ֮ʣǾҪ˵ԶǧһɱƼô֣δЩơ
޼ҳҲ¶ڨڨ
½ô꣬ȻҲǼġ̵ģ־ûУ˳ڣеҽûʲô֮пӢѹ˹أŮ
ȻҲɳŵ£ƼĵǰƳµһ۳ˡ
ټƼҼǰôҲʥףȻط֮У˽ɱʵŰ
޼Ҳֻһˡ
λҪڳЩӣȻֻ£ˡлվʦڱأֻҪһţκ˾
仰һҶлߵ̬ȡ
Ʊزˡ
ôʦڵˣȻҲô׵رߡ
ƼµͻȻЦ飬ϽҲҪɽ֤
ƼҵıҲҪ˼ǰһȻˣӻسǡ
ȡһϻӡطõһѣѪ͸ˡ
кᣬڳҸǰ͵Ϯǰһ˵ѪŽȾ⸱ģ
ҸȡͷѪطȼ֤һѪҸ½ݺɸһ飬һѪǲ
طֱ游ĸŮ֮ѪԵһ˵ֻеȡѪĹЧ
ֻƼһƼƬδͣ㽫·طˡ
Ȼ˵飬һ̣Ǿѵ֤ˡ
λǴ·ʱƼұٱʹҲΪ˼˽£˴󶯸ɸ꣡ħδħʱʱ˽ɱλʥǿߣĿ
ضһֱվлԣô˵½ݺ½ˣչء½֮ʧ١½ݺأɸΪ׵ףһ飿
Ƽս˥ֻǰ׶ڷҲµκˡ
⾪
״񣬸ԩ½ң㵱أ򳯷ûԩƼ˶ˣҪ½ҲǶ
е߶Ͷл½ݺŸӵζ
Ƽ˸˿϶óѣֻ൱϶־
µѾܼˡ벻ǣֻҪ½ݺһ飬ˮʯˡ
½ݺͲɵġⱲӾûκ˺˵ˡվЦһ飡
лȴĿ֮£ס½ݺȵȡ֮ǰŴҶҲһһƼҡ
¶Цݣʲô£֮ܵ˵
ô˵ҾҪ£ɱôҪˡлɫ˵ţ֪ħͻȻԽعؿܺϹ£Ҳʲô𣿡
лҪ˵ǰҪɱ


55 
Ⱪʯ뻨֦Ҷ, ľ죬ȴһƬš
Ц, ˵Ƽһ, ̸ܶתȥ£ʲô˼
ƹﲻʲô˼Ҫλ׵ġлߺڰ׷һ˫۴һɨ, ܺϹһۣǳزˣأٳ࣬񲻼ټĽǳħǧ˵һ仺֮ΣӦò߰ɣ
ܺϹһ, ħյս־ת
һ, Ҷͬġ
̾塣
㲻ʲô, ԭҲԼĳǳءлȴ֣ƽ㲻ԼģΪ˳ħ, ʲôҳﶼ޶Ψܽ, һѲԵжԵħ, ԭ໤ͬ飬ӱ
лԴӽӣƼ˵, ͱ˵ʣһֱǲ̲ƽģ
ֱһ̣Ƽˣ۵ױУ·ǳصܺϹأ;йؿҲʥЩħô֪عģ
ܺϹسǰƼҳں˵Ƽ˵Ľ֮ǰƼǲǸȸǳһ
֮£Ƽ˾̲ס˰벽
ȴ֪л߲֤ݣУǰóˣαصȵһ̣Ƽš
һɺԣЦѵҪ˵ƼΪʱħ·ǰܺϹأ;Ƽң޼ңкͳ׺̼ңμңѵȫҪ𣿡
ҲУʱгߡ
̼½ԵϵǵɱλСүɫЩǸ⣬лʱ̼ҵĹؿ游أȷʵûвħϢ
ҲΪʲôʼûнչԭǣļ̫ˡ
лҡͷȻû룬ֻҪƼԼ͹ˡ
ƼҷŭлͻȻվ̩μڵλ߹ȥ
μҴǳĬԣһˣĸַΣǼһֻˣҵҲ⡣
ˣһμҸ᳤ϣһǸЩ󣬿ͷһľμҷĲ£ũһֱ۴˯Ҷ²⣬μĸָߣֲôĳų档
лǸͷǰͣסˣȡһСӡ
лΪ棬һζ˭ҲûͷǰȴСӵݹȥ̬ȷŵüͣһ𣿡
ͷۣһûԣ˹ȥ
ĵл̬˿϶ؼֻ¾ˣ߶̲סƹȥ
Ӵ򿪣ǼССľƬ
л̧ͷȻɫ΢סܺϹսҵġܺϹһۣعλħҲѰƬǲ²⣬Ӧǡ
ͷлߵĻѺָһϣǹ
סˡ
йعĴ˵ܶ࣬е˵ŵķе˵Ϲе˵ǳ쵱ĵһʦβƽ֮֡
۶ٴ˵ܵóһ£һķ
ͷƽǵһƵۣ͵Ļһʮ־þ⣬ôϢ֮áʥףҲѷ֡ħŹķ־㿪е̽飬ȫпܵġ
̬չתֱ¡Ƽŭ˵ʲôʲôʲôſڿӣ
μǸƢܺãЦе᳤ϣԲȻŭСҷ
ͷ̧һۣûֻʧ֣Ȼϵá
þ㾪
ʶȡʯΪɥĸĶһҪֻϣ֮á
Ķ͵òŵ㣬¶棬лþ֮ЧΪԻñ֪ͷӵߴƼɨʲôӢۣһ벻һƬȸ֮ģȻᱻˣ
ͷӵݣѾˡ
׷ŵʮλĶʿеħ֮սеķҲеĽ˥϶
ΨμҵһγβƽûϢ
ʵҶΪμλϳѾꡣֻμҵ͵ˣ˵ˡ
û뵽Ȼţ
û뵽л߾Ȼܰ
лվβƽ󣬳ժǻϣ֮ٳþڶѨһƵľƬ½Ӽҵ˽ƬСȥ̩ǡֻһֱڱչءȻˣҲһ
ӺΪѩǵĴģֻʼճĬվһԣû˵ԣȡһ龵һ顣
βƽֻһۣҲŽߵСһġķ־
Դβƽ˵Ǿӵ䣬±һֱûֱ˿̣ǿ΢½ཻ֮Ī棬ӼҸлߵĸ壬μӼ֤мֿţ
ͷԱߵ΢˭
˼һ׵ӣԱμҵĳǳ˳飬رϲǸ
ͷءŶһʵǸ˭ཻĪ߽ϣһ˶ཻĪ档һؾ֮
ǳ˳飺˵Цˡ
ͷվƼСͷӲΪһǲ˭ȥֶ¡Ƕǵѵĺȥĵ伮йع£δûмһ԰Ҳ˵Ӷˣ־ҪһҲǲܡ
ʵβƽһ̣Ѿעˡ
ڳ壬Ƽҵ񣬶˱仯
˭˭ĶǣݺʲôҪأ
ħѵǰƼȴΪһ֮˽ħ塣
пǱѵķŭ
ƼӵܲţܣƼΪʲôҪô
лûʣҲûش
ˣѾҪˡ
ʮǶպÿ֤лһӺ߳ƼҶͼٳأ
ոƹ˵ˣƼ˶ˣҪ½Ҷ⡣ҶԩͷծĵҪ޽յлߵᣬž֮УţֻҪƼ˵Դ⡣
л߳ĵָԺ⣺ƹɡ
δЪԺпû档еͻݲݣΪĳˢԳ̬֮
ڿĻɱ꽫͸
ˮʪĳѣ˳һֱȥûǱҲûȺ˷ܹ
û鱩¶֮󣬾ȻĻᡣл߾ȻΪ˱½֮ĳûóʿһӵϣǿҪһһɱ㳯ʿȰҲ
ƼսټϹħ鱩¶һ겻ע¡л߷ŹҲˡ
ֻ֮ǰɱлߡҪɱлߣ½֮½˳ʹζ
龵۷꣬ꡣոԵʵлǰǸķ½֮ǿڳ㣡
л߱زܵеù
ˣȻһ˿һҲ᲻˷ѣעһСⱲһ
Ⱳ޵ˡ
̳һ
˾Ȼ㶼ûУӭӵ
¼пЦ
ȴŽϤĴУΪʲôȴˡ
۾
ⲻܣл߲ܶȥ
Ȼо˲һ˿΢
ǵ̫ˣ쵽ûиоʹͿѪӿߴǰжԵӰת˱ա
ܣ
ʶʲô
һ̵ĲʺԹޣȵ֪׺游һ̣ӿҡ
лֻǸֻǸֻƼң½֮ߵӣ
ôܣ
Ѿû˻شˡ
лñϴûлԺеʬףյʡ
лҪ˵ôµ£ʲôҲ˵ˣ˫
߷֨ͳˡ



56 
лȥ
󡰶һ, ǾƬʯϵ
ʵܲµʲôǰЩʱٻαװغܺ, ֻлʶЩ衣Ƽܵش, ٹѾԾˡ
ļʺͲʣԻһΪ˼塱ֿȲ, ʵ˽Ľ¡һδμƻգ⵽ԭСӡķɣĵ׵ԹҲԽԽأճΪǵ
ƼзԷֹʴӵ, Լĵײȴû취
սһ, л߿ͨ, ʶҪħˡ
л˵Ҫ
Ҫɱ£ֻΪ˽޹ش塣ûжħûйϵ
Թ, 廯, ɢؼ, ϵı龪ָӡ
²ȥƼˣһ, ̲ס¶˾ɫ
Ϊ˵Ȼ»һЩʶҲѾڶħıԵǻˡ
кƼҹϵ׺ֻǰұ̬ˣһĻ˰
£Ƽ񶨵ļ̳˰ôᣬħ
лߴĻڡ
βƽվϵǸӣл߲Ƽʮ֮µĺӣһߡ
л붯βƽɽ
βƽлߵģƼһ˿Ѫġ
л߲ÿȻ
лԭҲûϾɱ
Ƽλʥ׶֣֮ƼһΨһʥ׵ˡҲѾл֮֡Ƽ½֮ˣڲȻһһˡ
ЩĶ̣ؼŹġ
ƼҽѶ
βƽ仰󣬵˵ͷСμҵæ׷ȥΪɡĵطβƽǿƬ
ȸʱ򣬿һЩĬ뿪ˡ
л߲ûмӦƼˣǿûжļ壺λһ·Ҳ˰ɡҪ֤ȥϢһ£
ĿĿԣû˭ԳĬվ׼뿪
Ƽѵ࣬ڳѾ֪Ȼʵ೹׽ҿԺǲѾҪˡ
ҪһƼħ年᣻½Ǹƽƽɷ򣬾ȻҲһλʥף½֪֮٣²ܿѾˣΪｫ˥εлߣȴչֳ˾˵ǿӲлߵĸ׾ȻӼҵˡ
һв̫ѶϢǱʱѳǣ£̸
뿪֮µƼ˻ʲôˣԶ
ƼȻҲ֪һʱ־֮ɢ
ֻһ꿴ȥΧƼ˽Ȼͬ۾㣬һֱۣʼûб¶ʲôȴһֱ¸ոȥķ
ʵԭġ
һƬŭУ۵ͻȻڡ
Ϊ˵ŭҲˣ˵һİ˵Ĺ£ǰᣬǸ˵Ҳˣѵܵܵ۾⿪ɡĺý㡣ûġ
һʼҲֻϣԼԽԽǿƼϵĻ֮أܵܺĸװ
츳ߣҲҧûûҹؿޣһλá
Ǵʲôʱʼأ
лȴҡͷҲЩ
֪кܶ಻ҡƼңһֿµĻһֲҡ
ġΪʲôҪһĻǣֻΪٵֿһе˵Ŀԡ
ֻ롣
˵ʵô£ƼҡֻϣЩҲû취˺ӵһС
л֪۾ˣµĵܵܣƼνäʦ˶޹ҲԲ޹ġ
ӰЦЦлߵҲΪ⣬ҡβֻ˵ȻǶǸˣ㻹һΪ𡣡
أΪӳƼңֶε½ᰣȴΪ˺½µСȥ
ȴǾһ˶ߡ
һλѾ̲ȥˣٵ޹뿪һöгӰӶȥ
лȴûжֻƽ޵ǿ岻
ӰԹһĿ
λϵдӰ崩ȴûѪӿӰֻԽԽ
л߿㿴ԼĽԼȴ𣿡
Ӱȴû仰ԹԵЦţأлѣΪƼ½֮ߵӣһУΪ½֮Ϊ˳ǣĳ½лأ
½֮ЩΧߵı֪еһУǻ𣿡
һ仰ľκˣȻȸոո
һΣĳǣ̲סлϡ
ûԸлߵϿȺͷŭлûзֻǰؿӰͬС
ӰȴûټȥϵЦҵûðǴ֤ˡ
ֻһƶֵĻ֮ˣζתתӲƼˣ½֮Ҳˡ
лĿԴ
£ӰӰʧˡ
ڳֻʣһƬš
лȴһжûһֻʣµƼˣְֵɡ
ȷӦľȻ½ݺ
Ƽ˱Ҳ࣬ܿͽ
лתΪӰһﾪˣפԺеλǻЩҪͲˡ
ΨӺߣЩ˵
ԭǲԸչ¶лߵĹϵģˣѾûκαҪˣΪл߳
½ݺ˲ȹϵѪӵбӺĻֻߵлǰҲֻ㡣
л½ݺԴһ̸Щ
½ݺȴסлߵӣеҲлҪ˵ھ˵
ӺһҲȿڵġ
лҲ˵ĬӺ˵
½ݺ߷ߵصӺһۣܲģҧ촽뿪ˡ
ĳҲɫӵض˼ۣû׷ʸոӰǷ˼ֻлߵļ򣬸ȥѿռԱֵܡ
Ӻ㿪żɽûҪǵڳһߡ
ӰǷûͷûԣδ˵˭лߵʱûз
ѾˣûҪǵһ߸һܻɺͰۡ
лʧЦ磬Цˡ
Ӻʵ֪˵лߡĬܾãŻڣϲ㣬ɡ
лɱ£ֻһ
л߷ֱʱлߵĵкܴĽлߵĽٶȣƽ
ֻǣ벽ʥס
лߣԸûгɡ
Ӻ⻰ûͷûԣڴաлȴЦѾˡ
Ӻһʱ֪˵ʲôһżǶԷ޿Ҫš
Ϣסˡ
лѪ֮УһɾλνĹ죬ɡ
νˡûлһϢĹȥ˼ˡ
Ҳǣüţһˡ
Ӻִٵصͷת뿪ˡ
½ݺӦþ棬Ӻ뿪̴˽
Ӻ㣬лʵе㲻֪ô½ݺӰ˵Щ˵ƼҰ֮ߵӣ룬δǼٵġҵ֮ġ
ҲǸ½ݺлߣ˵Ѿ֤ģʲô˼
ûʲô˼л߶˶٣ʮһǶֻΪƼҵ¡սȶһҪģ϶߳ħǿʥףȻҪһȥ
лҪ˵ԭдһţʵȵڶˣɡ
ȻǴԲ֣ԲôҪɫ㵱أʲôأߣ


57 
ʲôʥװ½ݺ, Ŷ꣬ôܰ벽ʥףǰò
⻰˵ίʵлԭԼԼĳ, ȴһɨա
лЦҾѰŰ
ܲؿ˸ЦȭӺ, ½֮¼ǧ꣬Ҳܸұһˡ
½ݺͷһξãлô½֮ᡣ˵, ᡰžžડµ
лᣬεʲô⻹ûȥأô͸Ѿһ
½ݺƴţʵǣǲ, ΪҵɱƼ, Ҫȥӣ
½ѽͬ½᰻úõڴ, ֮ǡ
ɰȻû֮ǣȴ֪١Ƽ˵ǼѪϵѪһǰģҲһ˺صˡ
뵽, ½ݺʱ
ǡл֣صûɱ, ȷʵȥߡһھ, һУɱ
һƼħ年ᣬβƽܹ֤, һȫȫɺϡ
߾ǶߣʱҧԼӵĵطһҲ
ҾȥߣֻΪһܰһЩæ˶ѡл߳ţݺ֪Ϊʲôܽô𣿡
½ݺҡͷ
лߺ½ݺԺȥһʱ䣬ʦҲҪٶ
½ݺȻǵ¡
ʦңһֱȥ㾭⣬Ҳֹ龵ôججȥ⵶Ҳա
½ݺ½˵Ļǰһֱ˵ĵӡ
лʧЦʦֻһͽܰ
⣬ʧһ
½ݺ֣ǰ⣬յġ
½Ψһĵʥףȫµѧģ½¡½᰿лߣܵΪ½֮Ķ顣
½ûôֵǮ
Ѿصлסĵط
ɫСȸôƴһ㣬Ѿ˺ü£ȴһҲûҪ˼ȫ֪淢ʲôҲģ֦ͷһֻʳܡ
л֡
ԭʤСȸͲ鲻Ըطɹлġ
л½֮ıЦɣʦңΪûԼĵ
ǸһֱǿΪΪڷ絲Ů˿ϣлߣʵΪʲô޵͵ԼΪʲôޡΪ˻ӣΪһֱ˭ߣǱҲޡѡ˵ңʲôõģ
лߵʱؾصذش𣺡˫Ϊɱ
ִִСӣѧ˼ްԵǿɱ½ᰴһüģˣر뱣˭ʱˡ
лˡ
뱣½֮Ӻ㣬ѩһϷޣжչ¶һС
ͻƣֻ̤ʥס
ȥߣȥߵʿɶһġ
ͷһԲĲСӡ
½֮ս϶ӵһۣչľ޴󣬷ħԭ⡣
ԣ㵱ʱҲΪҪ
л߸½ݺȥɡȥߵ£ʱ򻹻
½ݺһ£ûжͰ͵һ˵˵Ƽң˵ƼҰŵģӵ¡
л߶һ£á
ʵл֮ǰԼҲɹ½֮ڳܱ±׷ɱɼ˰֮ܣΪʲôȴлɵؾأ
ӰָһƼҵİţл߲ȣֹȻ˵ĸܡ
ʵһʼȥΪƭǮԼҵģ
˵Եʣ½ݺȻܴ󣬿ȥȴִܾ١
Ǹʱ򣬰ʮ꣬ڽԣ˵һ֪ǸĻǵƭӡ
̫ˣƭǮҲνһűƭƭĴˣð㣬ɴ˳ǣֱӰˡ
ܵǲƼҵİţ֪϶ǲ֪ġһ˵ôʼģôģһҲҪ
½󱦿϶Ҳôġ

½ݺˣлߵĴֳȣҲ͸һʧˡ
ôſʯϣ½֮
½֮ǰҲװֳģ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ͱԽԽ⣬ԽԽˡ
еˡл죬ݺ˵㲻⡣Ĳ⣬ǲǣ
½֮ʯϣ֣צצ
½֮ɵһһۣûצ
л֪һ£е㺢ૣҿǺܿҪᵶȥˡôһ㶼أûһͷеģ
½֮һҲе㲻ͷһ¡
лȴûſǷǳأ˳סС졣
Ҹ˺ööСɣôϻװšʡŵԣԳԸꡣ֮󣬡л߶һ£ӦѾ˰ɣ
ûô̰Сˡ
лͻȻ;úܡ
ǳأǨŭشСȸһģɳƣΪʲôھͳأھͱ
ʵҲ֪£Ͳ½֮Ŀƣɹȥ·Ŀƣһ̣ȫʧˡ
Һ㡣
Һòףȴֻüһۡ
̫ҡ
ţֻһ۾ͺˡҲֵˡɵʱûǾ˸̰
СȸԵ޹ʴһȴûƽһ̴ŭطߣԭء
лߵȴֻʧһ˲䡣Ѱ㣬ֱ塣
·ֱǸׯƵĹӣոеʹ࣬ظɸɾ
л߿źԼŴ˵СԼոմĵطǸ⣬Բ𡣡
ֻ뵽Ҫֿһġ
½֮ͻȻųҽУޱȡ
лΪշӦˣҪ
½֮ȴлççײײĴҷɣʲô
ҵˣǷɻ쳶лߵ½ǣһ
л߸ȥ½֮ģǽһСɳӡ
½ݺ֮ǰ½֮棬ġ
ûӵһ¡һ߷ɵص͵͵أצɳ棬һԼԲĹĵëצӺò׻ĺۼĨҡ
צӶ̣Բĺ࣬˺þãŰԼҪд
һ
л߲ף½ַ֮ɵǱߣѵزϼ֡
ҡ͡㡢һȥ
Ǹɵ𣿣
СѵǳԶŵ𣿣
Ϊ£ôãҴҶӣ
ôܣôһȥ

½֮ŭл߷־ˡ
ǰǷ־ӣ½֮ܵȥ˯½֮񣬵ʡһӡ
½֮ɴʳ˯ȥˡǷտռ䣬ͷûʲô
ֻһ㲻á
лˣָʳϵοջƣһ½֮Ķӣô𣿡
½֮ͷó
Ȣ˸ɵ£Լѹ𣿣
˵
лҪ˵֨һӢȴȢ˸ɵţԱա
ӦûҪʮ졣һ۷أ
Բֵ˼ǣҪɫ˭ҲŶϣ㵱Ľɫ
ҽ쳬ʣ


58 
½ݺܹ½֮ʱ, վԺǽ⣬ͿϤĽȸվڸ߸ߵ֦ͷ, ڳһչɵģ, ƫƫֲɣѹ֦ҡҡ׹
½ݺĪַʲôɵأ
߽ԺŲſл»
½ݺһ
лڻϺ, Ī֮ǰһֱΪͽɿһԻ̫飬ĪӵĿϣ½ݺټʡ
лߵڱﴫ½ݺҲΪʲôˡ
лϣΪĶ, л߲Բ죬Ը׵Ĺȥ
, ͹µϯ, ɫרע̬ɣһ
½ݺע̫ˣл̧ͷ, Цźݺˡ
ܺãȴס, ֻ۽ϡ۵׵Ц, 
ǰޣĳغɱʧˡ
½ݺҲ̲סոȾ, Ų켸֣ЦŴչ
л߱ģ֦ͷչɵ½֮ѹ½ǶŲ
Ա߻һֽ½ݺһŷſ
½֮СȸģͷС豭ˮ֦Ϻܣ֪˭ǵûըë֨ҽС
Ī˵л߻θ߳ʤʮ㡣ȼʣȤ̬֮
һ룬л߱㻭һʣЦʦʱˣȥɡ
Ŷԡ
½ݺԼʲôģֽܵ£½֮ſ֣½֮ҲˣԼ֦ͷ½ݺС
½ݺԶˡ
лߺЦһĻ
ʮһƼ֮⣬ȻҪ߳ħһ¡˼ƤЭ飬ʱն֮ÿ굮һ̣ħʱ
˺󣬸Ǳ½½뿪Ͼ߲С£ҪЩ׼
ȻӰ
ΨһĺϢǣ½ǰЩѹˡȻÿֻôһԳ˵ɾо޴Ĺ塣
лҲûʲôĵˡ
˻ʣöССȸ״ֽԺУɢ£һ
ٽҲûʲôҪÿվ½֮ͿĨЩ棬ֻʱˡ
һţȴǰŷ졣
ߴĳǽûϸֻͿŨŨīɫЩצ֮⡣ΨԶĺ꣬ΨһɫԼĳɫչɡ
ʱ̬ģǿĿҡ
л߻һ̵Ķǣ΢΢Ц
꣬л߼ΪѾȥϵͳͻȻڴ˿ðͷ㲻½֮ȥ𣿡
ȥЩ͸úú׼ңЩûõĶʲô
л߲ĳֽ̧֣Żã뻳УȥħӲͣС𣿡
ϵͳƺһ£ǳôȥֻɱħ
лʧЦνľ𣿡
Թһοϵͳȴܿ϶ľ鶼׼һһ׼ģΪĽ֡
½֮ɱħصλ
лԭҲЩɻʣϵͳðͷǸոպã֮ǲе⣿
뿪֮ǰƼйäʦأһһ֪лƼңҲһЩغѶУԼ֪Ƽ½֮Եɡ
˵ת
ϵͳȴ̸ܶûϵ
лߵͷҲûٲʣǣֻҪ½֮ȥɱħЩʲôأΪʲôɴߣħأþһճӤҲɱħ𣿡
ϵͳûп
ܣ԰ɣл߿ϣժһ֦ԣ˵ģƼ㵽ģ½֮ɱħҲֻܽнܽˡ
ɺܶ̾͵ģ˭Ҳ֪Ҫ߹ٲ˳صһ
һǵħ½ܸ֮պɱħأ
л߲ᱧš½֮ɹֿЦĽͰĶڼ½֮ʲôʱܴ
Ӱûʲô򶷵ı£ǺóҶԷ˵ЩĻкһӣΧлߵ̬ȣСġ
˵ɽ䱸лߣǵл߶롣
½ݺǺ޵ҧгݣץӰºġ
лҲϣץɱˣӰĻ治ô⡣
½֮뷨һġ
νˣʵôѡȷԼҪôҡ˵ġˡӦӦ飬ʲôϵأ

һߡ
½᰸ûãͷתؿڴߵĴӭϣծˡ
½ݺӣѹвŵСȸڱϣҺ½㡣
½֮ɵģûԱ֮лΪ˱һֱʧ١½֮ʱģҲȷʵȸкܴĲ죬һ˭Ҳ벻һ
Ϊ˱½֮ɻΧлסȥطҪôлߴҪô½ݺ
½ȫûһĸ׵Ծ½֮½ݺҡͷԣЦĵش˴
½֮ǣЩһԵļϡ
½ʶӣûɵģ
½֮ͷౡ
ˣĵ£ǸɵӣǸƭӡϴӦغúõģʵûһȥΪͻȻȥǵл߰ǲ֣͵͵óˡ
½ݺ죬û˵
½ᰣȥȥ㣬㲻͵ȥ𣿡
½֮֡ౡ
лβ͵͵л߸л̸о
½룺Ҳ򵥡
½ݺ̲ס½ᰣ½ڲꡣ
ǰˡֻ֮꣬ľͲҪ𣿡½Цݣڲ꣬Ƕʮ꣬ѡı𣿡
½ݺżôһأ
½֮Ƕʮ˵ҪлһȥԼȥħ½ݺҲ
ڲôС֪ʲô
ҡ
ȥʲôãְﲻæ߸绹չ
½Զе¶ð
֮԰ߵ壬Ҳܲܰæ費Ҫչô򵥣жϡ
ûµĲӹö½֣½֮е˸ǰö΢ĻѶһö߳һöȻҪߵǰһҹѡһ߿϶ҪĶʩ򵥵ת䡣򵥵תӦðɡ
߸Ӧ㣬Ҳı仯õ̫򵥣ʿܿǵѡ۵

ˡ
лϷڣ嵶վӡһ糣üƽҪΣյս
֮ǰ˿ڰ˯Сӡһһģ˯úܰȡ
ҹС˵㰲˯ҩ
ҩԣ½֮һֱ˯ϣôҲϲˡ
Щ죬ÿһܳĿ϶½֮ߣΪ½֮˺ܶ໭ҲûбҪټһۣ뿪ˡ
Ҫһȥߵͬ飬Ѿ
½ݺųͬ飬ڳǰΪͱ
һжлһ
Ψһ㡭
лôôҵıֵֹģ޵ضϡ
ʱ̣ѵǱ׳һ㣬֣һ𡭡
ȻҲϣҶͷɥ޿ģһģĿŤƯƣҲְ
һͬվлǰֹǿڵлʦ֣㡭
½ݺͻȻǸͬţ߸磬㶫𣿡
һл߾˸ոǸͬҪ˵ʲôͷһ׼׵
ͬȥһλǲ£Ҳϲͷشǣʲô£޿̬ˣ
ǵ˷ֱһ̡
½ݺеֻ֣أΪΪ죬λһСģƽ
л߾еľƱڳʿ˾ƣף뾴⣬ˤȥ
ҳĬؿ뿪
˺һǵӰˡ
ոձ½ݺϵǸʦܣ˰죬ʵûסлʦֵΪʲôҪһֻɫͷϰ
ǵǸʲôֻ񣬵һлʦֵͷҲȷʵˡ˵Ҳ񰡣лʦΪʲôҪôлʦַܲ
ʱΧе߶Ͷ˹
Ҷܺ𣿣
ֻǸոյĳ֣أ˭Ҳû˼ʡ
½ݺһǰ߸ķڣ˺ˣɢ˰ɣøȥ
½ݺɫƽĵȴ̲סʹ
½ɵӣ˵ѡ۵أʹֻ˷ڣͷϣ
ֻϣ߸ͬеĻ飬Ҳ˼ʰɡ
лҪ˵½ᰱʾװͷĲҽ̵ģ
߷
ȻҽȽұȽϷʡԲԡ



59 
ǻɳ, Ƿֵȴֻܿǵļ, ûɵسšһƬĻԭ, һֱӵŨͷ
һѵػһƬŨҲļط, ֻһͼ϶עҰӡȴ춼
Ϊ顱ĺӣĬϵ߽߱硣
˴ȥߵĵؽ磬ûһõĺ
ԸǴ˴αԼںӱţȴûͬ, ҲϢ
λʶĳ߹ίº͵Ȱлߡ¿, ̽ζӶ, ̫ǡʱлʶˣһﲻ̫ԡ
ᣬҲõһڳ, Ȼȡһ澵գװˮ, ߵ˺ӱߡ
ˮ峺, һǣӳӰӡ
лҿʵڿﲻԡ
һжƽģ
ü, ͻȻʳָüۼ仮˼۾͵
۵һˮ汻𲨺ָֽۣƽ
ӳݶ㣬òأǺ͸ոһģһ
лûüʲô˵
ѩǵ˵ˡ
лŤͷ㿴Ӻһ£̬ͦΣɫ࣬վһȺʿ֮УҲۡ
ӺҲܺѹ󣬱㴩Ӱֱл߹
лǰվӺüͷʲô
лʶԼԴȴûʲôֵĶ
ӺȻһ¡
л߲ʶӺ˵ͷϵķڣһʱƣǷڰ
ӺʱһѾôôڣ
лһһ·ʱĲԾʱüⷢʲôԾ𣿡
Ӻ˵ʲô㱻ԱһλʿˡʿƺӺɫ̫ѺãЩؿӺһִۣȰؿлߣʲôԣʽһЩƽûˡ
лԣɻԽ⣬ֲڵϵķڣҴĺ𣿡
ǰ½֮Ϊģʽ΢һЩȷʵ̫лķ
ѵΧֵֹģҲΪⶥڣⷢҲŰӦòڰɡ
ӺһлͷֻⷢڵʽŹ֣ȴϸŵһ˫ɫ飬ܿļһ
ӺĶ۶Ƭֿ̣˿лı飬踺صʵҲûк֡
лⶥڣ˵ΥĵĻӺת˻⣺ߣҼǵ㻹ûȥߡ
лߵ˵ͷ
ǲδѧҵĵӣġл߽ҵ󣬱ȥѩǣȵһ׮һ׮鲻ȥ߿
ȻǳйߵһУǳѧ޵ݡл߾ħһ£һ˽ߵĳǺ޲ýص£½ᰶ̲ס˺üء
ԣȻлߵһߣ˽⣬űȳ޵Ӻ㻹ҪһЩ
л߲ûоܾӺĺ⡣
⼸꣬Ҳ뿪˺ܶ࣬ôܱ˵׽
ӺܵܿԸȻҲԸһ
ӺлࣺһΪܶؾ
ߣƺˮͻȻ᲻
漸㣬龵ڵĵӣҲԽȥԽߣԽأԽΣգҪΪҲԽߡ
ΪΪˣӦԲǱŵĸߵħ壬ҲΪأʴġ
мλӲ֪أçײشûħ壬һħ
صһ̶ȣû㹻Ϊ壬ĵһССͷҲΪħ
ΪʲôЩ֪꣬ħԽԽ࣬ߵȵѾͷУȴʼձأģߡ
һ޵ֵ߲طôᶯҡġߵʥףƽҲ̤С
޷ġ
ħǶɱħ壬ȴʧ»ع鵽ؼ䣬һʴ
Ǹܣֻʮǵĸ߲ڲΪⰵʾһǳµʵֻԽԽڵĿ־
ΣƵͷЩ»Ҫġ
Ӻ˵ȼ䣬Ҳлֹ⣬תʵ½ûкйħ¡
л߶һ£ҡҡͷ
˵ǲܵġ
ħ˵Ǿ춯صĴ¡˭ħֻ֣ҪѹȻҪΪṩܶϢŶԡ
ȷʵûС
½ᰵʱɫܳɣԥ죬ֻлߣʲôҲûп
½˵ȷʵû˻ԣʲô֮˻ѡ
ƫƫħֹʿѹģЩûлԣһ𰸡
ħʵǿ½ᰵ壬ͽʿˣôᱻַأ
л߲òһ¡
ʵǧǰǳħ֮սйһħļأͺģ
춼֪ħһλħʹħнֹħڵսۣħײǿʤ춼ȷѪ꣬ʹ֮С
Ǹײпɲħ׳ʲôʲôʽαɱȴûκϸģɹ˲οļء
лԭΪħʱǧħ֮󣬱أɱħŵֻƬľ档
顣
ӺлߵĻش𲢲ȣֻӼ棬ҲѩǵһλµУдһ仰֪ܿħ
ߣ˵λгħǸʲôأ
лҪ˵ҽ̫Ǹʷʵģǧ֣
һɣȻͷ϶ŵǷ֨ǰߵͷôġ֨צץŰϷļ֮ڣܶ



60 
ħʲô
л߹ȥû̫˼⡣
Ϊħʵ, ӵΣֻǰħ, ϲÿѪ, ɱȼԽʵԽǿȼ߿Ժȼߡ
˼άʽħҲǱħʵߵһħˡ
Ӻ⣬л߱ȥԼļء
Ǽغ, ֻ˵ħŨصе󣬱Ϊµ֮Դ
ҲΪʲôŨأȻһһҪߡǰħ, ٽнɱ
ħὫŨصȥ, , ԽԽħ
һߣȥһµ硣
ڵرұʴ, ԽߣԽ
;˻ݲݡ޷ɳ桢ߴľ
Ȼûˮ, ΨɢԹһ, ΪĶ
ҽ֮ǰʲôģû˭ҵġԽǿĳ, ҷԽǾ衣ֻǲ۴̫࣬½ͬС
ΪٮٮЩǶĶɶˣܹʹġ
еҽֻһλȻæʱ
ŷ֣л߾ҽ
߶Ʒַ࣬ǶһֵĽֻⷨ˵ǴɣδζܴصӦ֣㲻ɺˡ
лһԴ˿ڣܵ߱޵Ʈȥ
˴ͬеʿ࣬ҪôʥףҪôʥ׵żƽո۾ϣĿ޳տʼοлߡ
ɱ£±Ҳʲôر˵̨л߹ȥ缮ֻһ۵ս˭֪׼Ｘ
ͬߣֻ½ҵĴͷġϾ½˵ˣʧٵʧ٣˴ħһġԼˡֻ¸ǲ
˭һ·ĶŵˣᵶɱħҲ˿˭
ԭΪлǡ廨ͷһ㲻ò۵سϣǷˮðԭΪһ½֮ѵõ֥˭֥Ȼǲ˫ģ
Ȼ䡰е֣ͷ϶ôڣŹִġ
ֱڣǷл᲻ɣҽҲ裡
Ŵôˣ
޵ģ඼ͲСˣҲֶͽܣ½ᰣԼ
ĸоѵǴ˵еļ
лҽεģٴһλʥʿԸĬԣ̰ԼҲĲ顣üлߣ㲻Ǹ𣿡
лߵͷӦǰ
ӲǿСȴڳ֮Ժ㡣ָ߾Ķ⣬
նʱ΢ˡ
ڳеΪл¶ޣеϷл޽飬Щˡ
˼ΪˣȴڳһѵίʵЩлҲǳĵҡ
봫л߶Ƽ˵ǿӲٴ˶ãл߱Ҫû
˭֪л߸һҩ̧ͷȴŭЦлǰָ㡣
Ҳû𵱳裬޷еһ£ֻ赭дŽҪб޻ŷǼѧЩ߶Ӧ֮ʵûеҽ˫޵˼
ʱֻţܶ½֮ħҪطЩôŲΪۡ
˭Ҳûϵл߻ķӦ
˳Ĭ˺һͻȻڣʵиŮոʮòȻΪǲһ㣬
һڿϷʿ
һλʿҲ°ͣҲŮжأǳҲǡ
ǵĳȥˣǵħģŮģ
ٳֻʧ٣ûأǽڵˣֱ̫
Ӻ㵹ûʲôģעȫһϡ
ôãлͷǸ״ķڣ֮ǰŴһȦء
ӺԼļǳţʱһݣüһֱضл߷ڴ
½֮ʵ൱еģҪȻҲÿ˭ʱ򣬾ͼʱһһ·ŵڡ
ʵ̫ˡ
ؿǼͼǽǵͷӣǰδǿҵģĳĳ嶯
һǣԼڻûе棬л߻пܰ£ױ¶
˵֮ǰֻǾΪһֻ񣬲лһȥΣգڣΪԼľǷǳӢģ
һֻԹÿȺ»ûСŶ֪
Сӵ뷨пգһӾƫˡ
½֮ػţл߰һϣÿӣͣ𣬵лȢСŵı׳
Ȼͱһֻ֣ס˲λá
½֮
ûжҲûֻǻתһ飬ͺӺ̽߶ˡ
Ӻ㣺
½֮
лͻȻסͷе֣磿
Ӻڻת𣿡

½֮ʧȥлͷѵϢأֻίίطţлԡ
ʵҿոл߾ŭӵı飬Ҳ²µôˣʶȤûʡ
ֻ½֮ģһ̣Ͱ͵ЩдȰ֮ĽصͬΪΧһֻδεС𣿡
ǰһڡл߱棬κڿ̵ζⶥڵĹǳ棬ԼɣһģһЦ𡣡
л˵Цһ
½֮
˿һС綼ԴͷɥڿҡҷûһϢĹ򣬱Ϩˡ
½֮Լ֮ҲϨˡ
л΢ЦҰǴһ·ϴˮ
һʿ
ǾѹлԶһ㡣
ǵļλǳ鴤һ¡
ǰǼ½֮ԭ͵ģǼ̫ã½֮ʱģҲȷʵƽƽ棬ͳСȸûٷֱټ½֮ʧٵϢΪһʱȻûзӦ
ڵ֪һֻȸȻҲµ˭ˡ
ǵ½֮
ϻлô½֮ãԵѵҲá
л֪½֮棬
Ǿ½֮һ·ͷ϶ҲǾ½֮ġطΣա
ѾߵĵˣǵٶȣѾ²㡣
ʥ׵ʿСģʤĶݶ͵Ϯ˺üΡ
½֮ôֵضԼͷϣһ㱣ʩûУ
лȻᾯ費öħδܾĵع˼ͷһڡ
Ҳζʲô˵½֮һССķ䶼ò
ԶʲôΣҪл߼⡣
л֪½֮֮ĵһ£Ͱÿëһ顣
һ̵л߶¡
Ϊʲô½֮Ȼ֣˭
л߾ĵŭδǿҹϯһеĳ嶯ƽιˣֻһʱû˭
Ӻѹһлߵļ򣬵ȵߣģ
лһ飬оǱͷһˮոյŭɢȥˡ
л߱˱۾ƽһҸոձӰˡ
Ũصĵֻ΢СĲ壬ɶħ
л侲򶨣ȴǲ˸ͷ
Ҳ״
лЩߵףֻĴܣĵ̲ס̾
Ӻ㲹д˵ŵ޵
̰ʲʴնħڽ¡
л߶һ١
ͻȻϵͳ˵Ľ֣ƼνġԤԡ
ɫؿһԱ߷ŵɵСȸոһ˲벻ˡ
ŵΣ֮Ȱ븸ĸùϵܣˣֶԼЩ⡭
ôҲ·ӡ
лӺĶԻ½֮Ҳص˵ͷ
Ҳлߵ̫ˣһҲǰƽƢӡ
ԭΪ
Ϳˡ
ǡлĿһۣ½֮ץš
½֮ǿ϶ǰҪΪոǸֲ˼˵ΪһֻӦݴһЩ߸̨°ɡ
ӿ˳ȶٶȣлΪժȥڡƽ̹⻬ͷ
ûüⲽ£ʾԼˣͱлִ̧ɨȥץ
лߺһָۣһطҾѾӰ졣һǺ
ԣл½֮СɿɫᣬԼɣ

պ
ԶԶǸǿ˺ܶʯڹսǣҶ˿
ڳǰֿµ龰
ħѺߵײ㣬߶ܵӰ죬ܻħҲܱøӿ꣬ƴ´Ϊħ뿪˵ء
ϵǣħ岢֮࣬û˭ΪӰ衣
ֻҪתһ䣬ڡ
ļλǿߣҪô½һ㸺ڼңҪôڴ˴ħ
лΣĸ߽սˣһҪȥ̽ħ㲻ɣҲԽһֵߣ顣
תһ䣬ϵЦݶʧˡ
ΪԭӦڴ˴ǿߣλصĳȫˡ
ǰֻһյĿ߿ڡ
лҪ˵֪ҴӦǧ֣Ҳ֪Ҹ̫ˣдˡ
Ҵع˿ѧƣΪ¶࣬ԸҲ±컹࡭д賿дǧ绹ġ
ŲסˣҪһ졣µ£ȵҰ⼸˵ɡǳ˼
һθ£79ţ硣



61 
ڳʿ, ӺлСҲħҧ߹, Ѱղ˿վյĿ߿, 곤ߵʿĵ׶̲סһ˿⡣
Ĭ˺ܾãһλʿڣǾ, һ·ߵ̫˳ˡ
һʵǿӲħҲ£Ǵͷβһλħû±Щ֡
ʱﶼţλ, ħѹסһħѹʵʵ, Ҳδûпܡȶ, ܱȺħҪáмɶ˼ǣҲû˭ӡ
վڴ˴˭ҲٺŪԼˡ
λʿĻǿһӡһλʿ, ĲӼ񣺡ֻħͲˡ
ܽͨˡ
Ϊʲôһ·߹ô˳Ϊʲô˵߲ӰǣΪʲôսҷƽϢ, ħٳߴ
Ӻϳɳ, ˿̣۵ǴźҡͷܡѩûдϢ
ѩǳҲеһԱѩѩѪѩɽѩ, ѩǱή´ѩѩɽѩӼʬ
游ӣֻҪţܷħ뿪
Ȼ֪ѩǵҲܲµӺ˵ûյӳѶ
ոճλʿЦһٳˡ
ղϢյĹ򣬷ʲôпܡ
ѩǵȻӲʱˣ˼ǽĹħϢذڴ˵ĸɱɾˣı£·ˣƨ
˵òԣ˵ǶȥĶ
Ǻ˾ֱ˵Ĩǵģ
лʶ˲ԣҪȰֻͣһ˲䣬·Ǣ԰õͬ飬Ϊ翣˭Ҳû֤ݵĲ²ۣۿҪ֡ʿҲִ
ͻȻڶ𵴿ִ
𶯷λʿĴ󣬱ҲߡЩʧôĵԻС
Ǻˡ
صԵʣлҲĵЩƣôԲһ߿ڣλǰ᲻ǽȥˣ
½ᰵ⧲ˣҲħѹ˻ȥʿضȫôϢħȡ
Ҵ˵ز޽ڴ򶷵ĺۼһԸ뿪ġ
ǲȥˣǾֻǽȥˡ
û˭ӻ
Ȼǽȥˡ
ΪʲôҪȥأ
ѵǷʲôһٳħķŵ𣿱ֲ²⣬Ȼһֲ²ĿԸ
ħ棬ҹʳԽԽǿˡǷѹסˣ򲻵ѣ档
ӺûٳɣᲽֱӳ߿ȥλеĳĬŸˣҲеԥԥվԭء
µʿȰԼѣٵȵ𣿡
ѷʣʲôǱħ𣿡
ԣħģӦȼڴصĴܣѯйħϢһúһħ³̣ȫ׼жççײײشȥȫ档
ʲôأ
ЩԥߵÿģѾĬ˿߿ڡ
Ȼֻͬ÷ֵˡ
лҲڼߵĶС
֮ǰѹŮ޸λʿ࣬һ㲻ýȥ
˾ǰ;̫ϧˡ
лЦЦҪʲôȴҾ͵ˡ
һ·޵ĵԭ˳ġ
ΪʲôҲΪϳãħʵѾǵԽƸۣڵļλȫɱħ˿ҲȻʱ
ʱɣԶҲɲˡ
һ߿ڣԭŸöȷѪ꣬˭֪Ȼлǰ߹Ѱɽࡣ
ڿȻµ·Щ᫣ȴߡ
ֻ䣬վѵ¶һ˿Ц⣺־
½֮ǵˣԼֱֳĹŮлߣܾشл½ͷݺݵضǸ˿
һ
һǰֻײײлԵСȸѾˡ
Ҳû˭۵ȥʡ
ϾڶûСסߵΣգҲѰ
û뵽Ȼôػš
̾һЩͳȥ
ôС
½֮ŭҪл߼ʱָͷסԴҪȥÿ
ǽžˣȻ֧
лʳָ֨ҽУƴҪСȸ°ػЦ˭İ
ΪЩʿ棬Ͷʲô
еһָһ·ȻЩ뷨ڣƽҲ̰ٳ֮οĸȴҲͰˣȻнһʿ棬ǵĶС
ȻΪо޴ڴ߾ʧ̫󣬵Ĳȣ롣
Щʿ˱ۣħѪУѾһˡ
лͻȻӺǾ仰
ħǸʲôʲô֪ܿħ
ܿ죬˼ˡ
Ϊľͷ
л߰˰ĿڣȷȺС棬һ˳ȥ

۽޲һ죬ͱӿ⣬̼ˮ
ȵ⣻ǻƵҲյ͵İơ
Ǵ۵İ׳ơ
л˲ϲˮֻ̧ͷ˹Դ
һյԲεĵƣڵƵݶϡƵ״ͨͨŵļ֧ɻȴüãʻͤͤ
Σһյܳĵơлߵǰ
ͬ½֮ˣֻʣԼ
л̾ʶˣǸþ
ɻþһ㶼ģ޸뾳ߵļ䣬뾳ΪǰһǺʵġԽǸ߼ĻþԽܸĵġ޷죬֪޾֮ǰժǻᣬĹһ
Ϊֻ뾳߳ǰһģŻʧڻþС
л߳ڴ˴ļ䣬Ҫôδȥ죬ԭ磻ҪôͨһЩ취뿪졣
лߵļ䣬ȴֹͨͷһ̡
л߻ܡ
ⷿӵӦú̫Ҳݻú¡ϻСϸڣܾ¡
첻ĵطþȻǻǰļγɵġȻ̻˾壬Ӧöطӡ̲Ŷԡ
лȴֻطе죬벻
󲻽ʱͻȻһ󶯾
˹ˡ
л߳ķ򿴹ȥǱǳ
ǣˮտ
û˼ȴͻȻʧȥ˿ƣԼų߹ȥ
л߲ʧ룬ֻԹۡ
Ŀȷ˳ֱǸķ
һˮڳ̨ϡˮλöӦĵ洦һССİʡ
л߲͵ʶΪʲôۣܾﲻ̫Ծڵ壬ӦǸͺСͷܰСӡ
Ҫڰϣǫ̃ϵˮ
лʲôʱˣ
ֻһ˲䣬;Լǳһ亹ԺҲһƬհס
Сӵȴ˿Ӱ죬վǸʣտˮ֡
лҪ˵𡭡
ҽոʵڸˣİ١ĸˣٸҷʻ



62 
л͸͸Ĺ, ģ
ʵδʱ򲢲̫, ֻܴ۵üۼ俴һϤ
һꡣΪʱ, һЩëټһԷޣôú, ȥغĺӲ࣬첲ݵӡ
̨еߣˮַ棬ҪŰʣܹĵ
л߿Сĺ, ѹˮˮҡҡλε, ȻִСȥ, ߡ
С֪ʲôʲô
ССʱޡʱ޵òˣĸżЩģë, ιȺˮΪ, Ҽȡܰ䡣
޴ؿĸװԼ, Ӻ޵ϢҲչ
֪ΪʲôƽˮõǸˮ, ôҲˮıķҲŮҪܣ뿪ˡ
С뵽ﻹˮ
ǰȻûùãټⶫ򵥣ĵһ˳ذˮտˡ
л߸ջָʶʱΪԼڣԼһĻ꣬һԹߣĺХȴʲôҲˡ
·ССġȥԼ׸ѿˡ
Сĵˮְʣµˮë棬Ȼֶֻˮ裬ߵĸǰ
Ǹ裬ˮëЩأһмС˵ٶǸеĹ̡
ߵǰûзˮţ溰衱
ڴϣĸҲΪչˣһ㡣
֪ᷢʲô
ڵĽŲӽˡ
лƲ壬ֻʣ޵ʶȴ·ܸоԼͻȻ伱ٵĺǾҵ
л߼ٻлһƬΣԺֻܶһ򵥵ӡ󣬱˵ǵԼĸ׵ˮȴˣ˱лҽߡϸڣ㲻ˡҪȻҲһʼϲ
֪ԭԼǱʶȻһǵô
ԭǵϵĻΣǵó͸ӰӵĹڣǵôдڴģԶĽŲ
лͻȻþʲôˡ
ЩΪʧ־壬ѡڿʿһħԽڵʿҲˡ
Ŀ־塣
Ӧð
úµġѾˣǵ¶֪ͯ£ҲԹƤ֮ࡣֻ˵ȥǿתʹҪȹ̵ˮϣʹǧ򱶡
תʹôˮϵʹ
ٺˡ
ǿŴһ̣л߷ԼȻ־嵽ȫֱ
豻ˡ
̵ˮϣлȴûоʹΪ־壬Ѿϵۣڸסˡ
صŮ˼ĳͬصصлߵĶߡ
С֧Ųסˤ˵ϡ
ŮҲһչ
Ǳˮһԭʹ˵СӾ۾Ȼûпޣ۾ﻹһ˿ڴ˵ۡ
ĸ׼˵۵׵ĮȻ߹ȥˡ
л߱۾
룺ɡ
һоͽˡ
ĵƹٴδ۷ֻصþԭ㡣
лͻȻˣΪʲôЩȥҲʿĿ߿ǰѡ
Ϊ־Ũ㣬ֹ彩ӲܶǶǽһţû취˼ʶӱܵľˡ
л߿Ÿովһݡ
þôˡ
һװ׵ĻþԹȥļΪ㲻ٿ־壬ܴȥ
ѿ־壬͵Ūף׿־ʲô
Ǻˮϡ
л߿ЦĲᣬʹһʵЩ츳
ʱûпޣѵΪˮ
ںʲô
л߿СӶˮ裬һٴȽյš
һΣлûбۣҲûдߴŽɻþչȥ
СٴˤڵϡǰĸҲϾƽǱķչˣôӣʱȻҲ࣬Ĵ°ˡαôء
ûôʹûпޣֻ۾ؿĸ׵ıӰ
ؿţĸױݣŸ߸Ьȥˡ
ҲǳǸȥˣҲǹȥˣΨΪҽȥˡ
֪ԼӦȥ绰߸ԼͿҩ˵ҩ֮ǰİ֣ĨǸ
̫ˣ붯͵һ
һĻʵеֲˣκҲΪСӣֻǰţϵı鼸ǿհľġ
л߻㱵룺ں£Լνĸ֮ڴ
Ǳȿ־Ƥ֮࣬л߸ܽܵһ¡
ʵԼܹϵ䵭ͿܴӺζ
ΪǸŮ˿ధΪ˰ģҲԼ΢ͼһδ˺ȴڴĸ׹ذģ
һ֮ܣԸ׵Ĺȥ
뵽Լܻһ⣬ܡ
ǻþٴֹˡ
һͷ
һΣлû;ͣþˡվڿˮտʼٵķƿţڵϽ
лһ龭̣־һδͷ
лʼգûۿӣлҲûκθ顣꣬ȴҲжùʱ
ѵôһͷһ
л߲š
ضŻþеꡣ
һδε߽лȷţĲİˡɫĿ־ִ
⻹ûн
Ϊʲôμأ
ͷѵĿ־壬ʲô
ʱţл߾ԼĸҲԽԽԼʹƣӿ
лԼ֪Ƕٱʱڷ˱ʡ
һ˹ڵذϵʱһֻɫСȸӴ˽
ֻСȸһ˫ۣʲô飬л߾֪Ҫ۵Ҫ
ĴҷɣҪлҩȴԼʲôֻܲŷɻСĵл߾ࡣ
ʵл߸оСĵرܿл˵ĵط
л̧֣һ½֮𣬵Ĺȥûзˡ
ķ𣬽ȸʧˡ
þٴ¿ʼ
СӶˮҡҡλε߹ȥ
Ųű򿪣ǸŮٴγƷˮ衣
лߵʹٴν١
һΣˮûнϡ
Ϊˮһ̣гɫĹâͻȻӷըл߳档
˭סˮ
лҪ˵Ѿڴİˣϸ˵Ŀ־걾޹ءʵҲ벻ֻÿĵ׶п־壬ħ޷Ŵˡ



63 
ŹһʼֻлΧ
ȷԼĽˮ, ǳ͵ſӶСл߸Ź, ܿµŤ
ǻþΪ, ǸŮ˺ûпǰıʣ֮ǰһĮشԼĺ߹, ȥæԼˡ
ǹٴ
лʶ֮ûõġ
ڣлһԭλþľ鿪ʼû취ġ
лһƣǰŹ, ȻԳ½֮ģ
þúþöûмģ½֮
½֮͹ǰ, ؽ§ڻ
л̾˿, 㲻ǿг
½֮ԼֻСȸֻ֮ǰ̫ԱʱϢ˳ȻţȻõġǿѹ, ֪ҪʲôĴۡ
½֮û˵
л߾˶ٱ飬Ϳ˶ٱ顣һһ, ͬġ
ô, أҪһͺˡ
һ㣬һ㣬һֱ絽ʱ, ͺˡ
һĻ֣ߴ꽫Сĺͯ§ڻһȫȻ̬Сƽȴŭڷ
л߿½֮һ£Ž͵ֻҵļ䡣ǸŮˣҵĸס
ʵһжܹŹ֡
طŹ֣ǸŮ˺ͰߵģҲŹ֣߸ոյľֹȻҲʧ֢
½֮ȥЩֻлߵһлߵ۾Ǳ״Σûϵ
ˡ
ңҰ㵲š
л߻ǸСӵģЩҲûʲôζʱ½֮ˣ½ᰱΪһǳԱܣİο
л߸оˮֱϣ͵һ֡
лףΪʲôûжߵ¶ȣȴǱΪ̡
ԭĸо
лߵһΣ½֮ᡣ
ʱССͱ׷ɱʱǣл߾ܾʾǰѩǵʱ򣬶ûᡣ
ܿĳ½֮ƴסȴ۽ǵ
ôǱôʹࡣ
ͺǸƵˣ̤һ
л̧֣ȥ½֮ᣬοһΡҾûٺһˡ
ķʱ򣬷£ǳ£绰лߵ游
лҽԺס˺ܾһӣΪˣҲΪʪ·ڵ˺ܾãյԲѡ
ԺͱӵлլӴշתڸݼһֱʮꡣ
ҲΣҪôûмҪôͳĬԶԡأҲͲˡ
½֮ȴûиоο׵лߣ˫Ŀ죬Һúް
꣬лЩչлߵΣȴԴ˲Ųʵˡ
û޹˭ǶκƼˣûҧĺޡ
ĺ뵽֮Сڻþеĺ⣬֮ǰȾһ˿⡣
ֵáлʶ½̫֮ԡס½֮Ķͷ½֮۾ûҪˡҺµģҲ
ˮĸ׵ĮӺ˺
лһֱ벻ףѾˣǸ꣬СĻڴĺӣΪʲôᱻ
ֱһ̣½֮˫ۣʹļ尾лˡ
ԭ־ģı̤ǸòӦ
Ϊ˲ٱ˺ԸΪΣٲҶ˭ֵģųԼ
ˮл˺ܴһƬ̡лҲǴӴ˿ʼѧò룻ѧ˲ٱڴ
죬ΪƬѾˡ
ԭƬ̣
ѩǻʼûж½֮Լ⡣Ϊ½֮صڣЩ֮⣬ѵľûһ㵨ӵԭ
лЦ½֪֮Һʲô𣿡
£½֮ǸӵӰͻȻģγ
þݻڼΨеǣǸСӣʧˡ
ȡ֮ģǳлߡ½֮ϤǸꡣ
ҲԣǸףΪĸ׵ĮӶʹĺͯгˡ
ûбԹˣҲûбüһã¸ҵꡣ
л߿½ۣ֮ɫ棺һǺܺ¡ⱲӶĲëˡ
Сַأȥһģͺ±˻֮Աǣ䳾
еĿ־壬밮йء
ԸٹһΡ
½֣֮½֮㹻İͰݣٳţȥһ֡
½֮ؿһ˲䳤лߣûиӦ
زӦѾҪˡ
Ϊлס½֮۾סĴ
½֮סˡ
лߵǺᣬһ롣ģ˿󣬸ô½֮ڡ½֮ȴûᡣ
Ϊող뿪׷
˵ˡ
ΪԷݺݵײЩʹ
ܻþδƣǸŮ˴Ÿ߸Ьľʵذȥ̶졣Ѿû˭ȥˡ
ΪڵذϽǡ
л߶֪ʲôʱɵذȥġֻǽ§½֮Ĳӡ
˭Ҳûһ£ܱ׾ʱʱݿûκμɡ
ô棬ôͶ룬֪ű˴˵¶Ⱥζ
л뿪Щ꣬½֮żҹڳǽϣѩǵķҲ̲סԼ
ΪʲôһҪأʵ߲Ļȥһѣʲôأ
ǣϴЩ£ҲδжôҪ򵥵///ˡ
ֱ˿̣л߰ڵذϣлߵĺ󾱣Բʳߵ̬һ¹л߲û˿ķ򿪴죬΢΢ͷӭ
½֮ףԼΪʲôʼղֻѡ
ǰӦһ¡
лߣ͸Ĺϵ
Ǳ˴˽
޼䡣
лҪ˵дˣȷ֨Ǿͺˣǰɡ
СʹʣѵдĲ꣬Ҫ˵顣߽ʱѾˣСֻܺͷ౻ߴֻг˲ܹȥ



64 
лڵذ, ÷ͷ
ֻ֪ǻþ̲Լͷɢ, ģ
½֮ոմչȥ, 򿪣Աߣе㲻ģͷʲôֲΡ
ҧһ, ɢˡ
лҧŷһˣ½֮һۡ
Ҫ÷˭ģˣû½֮ͷϵʡǰ½֮ǸС׳գƽ, ڵʺˡ
Դҧ죬ȻǱлƴ򿪵, ½֮ǾԼе͡
ǸĿ, ΪĸŮѾ뿪ˣֻʣ¿յķлڰͷ½֮ȥ󿴿ҿ
ǰСʱĵط
л߰ͷ, ̧ͷ½֮Ѿͷ̽ʱķ䣬ʱе߳ܣʲôÿġ
ɵ
½֮ſ, еһ, ոҧѽ
лƳһۣÿҧһ¡𣿡
Ӳɡ㻰ȫûܴ½֮ĵ⣬°ͿҪȥ, ߣ֪ϲҡ
֮ǰЩ¶ɾˡ
˭˵ϲˣֻΪƾлɫ䵭۵ȴЦ⣬˵
½֮
Ȼû˵ʲô˼
½֮ڵ˹ȥлߵӣǻþûƣҧΣ
лЦһţ֣óȥˡ
½֮е㲻ĵ֡
ˣ滹֪ʲôԺҧʱ⻹ء
½֮ڻþлޣþҲһѡ
л߿ſյķ䣬ʲôҲûУȴ˰֣ټ
ȥǸС־Լ
һ㳤󣬾Ϳõˣõˡ

л۾
ԭţħȻٴγ֣ȻΧ֪̿ʲô龰
˭֪ö˶˵վڶ֮䣬һƬɽˮ
ԵǰɨȻڽţ˭Ҳû١
һ糣
ոûнȥһɲѵĻþһֱڶУֻǳһѡ
Ӻվԣ˵Ż
ӺͻȻŤͷЩĵؿ㲻𣿡
л߱ѾߵĻ֪Ϊʲô˻ȥͫӳӺɫ糣۾ȴع۲Ӻı飺Ҹոʲô𣿡
Ӻɫڵǣһֱû˵ôģ
лһʶ촽ЩΣûʲôߵþˣЩ롣
ԭʵʵл߻½֮ͻȻ˳ҫطɵлͷβͣŵضȥ衣
Աһλʿ̾ϢһҾ˵ܰСӴƺɤӣżͳˡ
֮ǰǡౡôֱɡ¸¸¡ˣ
ųȥˣԺôϡ
½֮߸ϵƳʥһۣΪãһʶ
лߵ̧֣ͷϵػȥ
Ӻ㻹ģ˵عܡʲôĵطʱҡ
лߵͷЦá
Χһô졣
лվһԣֻǰţɫع۲ܵľͬ顣
ǰ̣ԶȺɽ죬Сһ⣬Ũʵʵﶼˡ˵ûҲϴֻɫֱͬɾһ㡣
վںߣÿһͬ鶼۾񣬲Ǳþ֮еģ
û˵䣬ִ
һħѾ뿪ߣһħС
ִԭҲΪ̧ܡʵ˵ħСǵ˵˵һôȺɽ֮ǽڡѾת˺üȦħĶ
ͨ˵˴ĹȺɽѾ㹻󣬵Ƕԣȷʵ̧ű߱ĵؽ硣
ǻûпƬطӺһˮУǻûȥ£𣿡
һˮ׶ᣬ߻䷱ïʱʱɫСζȻ˭ľãˮ¾ãȻǡʵϣҶˮľ裬ҪԶԶĲݵغɽ֡
Ȼѡ˽ڳеʿǱ˱ľġ
Ӻ㲻˵Ҳʿ顣
Ȼûˮǵɽ𺣣Ҳôһ
Ӻ߬Ǳ/ǹܸо游С
һλߵڵʥߣ۾赭дȱ̬ߵˣħ涼ûʹظϷɶȻҪȥ
һλʥ߱㡰Ц˵úã
żλλȻʥ߽̬ԽԽʿ½½ߵӺߡ
л߸оڣ½֮ݺһ¡лᰴؿڣ½֮ȴʼûж
ǵԭվһŵĻ飬μֻʣлһˡ
һͬѡұƲѣֻѡ⡣ǵͬ鶼ηΣֻһѡȴұѽܡ
ǳǡѩǣл߹ϵõλʿлһ̲סͶʧͲŵĿ⡣
лȴ޶ãֻӺ㣬ٳôоϳĴڵģ
ӺЩ⣬üߣѩأһʱ˵
λʿлЩ
ͷЩ޹صĻ⣬Ҫ
лȴֵ˵ΪѪԵʣΪʲôоˣȴûоأ
˵ΪӺӳڶѩѪлҲа
ѪԵʣһӺ˵䣬ûټֻͣ̾˿ߣ㲻ȥҲ㡣
лߵͷһ㲻ұˣǿȥɡҾǡ
Ӻ㻹û˵һλѩʿŭٳΣؿɼΣͷȴ̰ҵΪ飡
λɫ죬ȴ˵ֻеؿлߡ
֪л߾ˣϣлվ
лûʲô飬ֳΣȻһ㲻ͷħһˡ
ӺԭѾߵ˺ߣŤͷɫأʲôħߣǲʲô
л߿źߵһɫϤ֮ͬ飬ԭӺ˵ġ
֮ǰӺĸ̸һ
ûħ벻̫һʥǴ˽߷塣ʮλʥ֣ɽƲ꣬Ҳٻ¡
ħʮλʥ֣ƥУʲôĴڣֱ̧Ʒôǿ˽ôݵ
Щδû˭ɱħ˷칫ϵʵ
ħνɵħʵ壬ôܱɱأ
̰գԹޣ塭ǡ
ѵϣʯħ˿޷ҡܽɱħʥ
ɡл߿ǣ룬ЦҪ˭߹̧ˮҾǶģħ塣
Щͬ飬֮ǰ𱸣ʧı飬һЦ
㷢˰ÿһҳѨҶѡһ˼档ô೤һı飬ʵǷǳ㤵һĻǡ־塯Ϊĸ׶㣬ԺԱԼַǳǿҪˡ
㿿ֵֻæӳˣҲøƽϡѾõҪĶˡ
ʵڸøлǡڻþ־˶ٱ飬Ҿ͵õ˶ħȤؿлߣͬǣҵԴԴϵظϹҺܿ뿪طˡ
лȴɫδ䣬ֻҡҡͷѡġøҼƽϡΪʲôǧټƵذˮƭأͲˮ
ͬˮһôܵһ㣬ûأ
˿ܻãħգлȴãգҲɾǣѾһ̬
лԭߣЩߣʵڰħǣƵزᣬСҪɹƭ𣿡
лҪ˵ûأħأȥħѾˣ



65 
ǰɫδ, ʮȴͻȻýӲֹͬľż, ֻʣһ, ħɻ
Լ֪Ӻлߵ壬µӺģ
ħƴЦȻ̾ʵǹǫˡɲʲôС
ҵһ, һ·ߵ˵أҽֵģ־ᣬ֮УҲǰˡ
˵ֻİ, ܴӻþѣ, ǿлԼ־˵, ʶĵڶػ
һܺ档ӻþͻȻص֮ͬ䣬һӦȻǽ䱸;衣׸˵Ǹ˵ûι˭أ
ħԼİʲô, Ͼóıǿ̽ģȻΩΩФлķʲô, Żֻ̽˵, лȷʵǸ൱صˡ
ħһʼΪõĳЩϢŶעлһЩ, 񵹵ЩȤ
ƽ¸ηԸҲͰˡǵСĮַصԸƫƫҽģҰѵﰡ
л߲úħмϻıҪ
ʵҲ˵صħȻֻӰᵱǰ̲סεһԡ
һȻ
˪ѩڵϣ缸ѩնɽһڴ˵أȴǱʲôճɬĶЮٽ
ɽˮݣûܵ˿Ӱ졣
ΨЩѾֹǣһлһɢˡ
ħڵǾ壬һ˲ֽʵûбŭЦСû취ɱҵġ
л߶⡣ĬյתͷѰҴ˵صƾ֮
Ȼܶħ˺ɼȻħѡƭˮʹħҲô
ħĴҲżеںߣ㲻߿ͬ鶼氡
òȻ¸صһ֮Ȼ͵͵ĽԼϱԽãִԽ
ι˵ħ˵ѰġһþԼǿϱΪԼħ´ضˡ
ħƽЩ֣ƽĺ档
κʿ˵ͬʴǶˮָºͨĺˮûʲô
ǰжʧʧɱ۰չԼʦ֡ȻʦŸصĳͽ䣬ҲѾȥô֪꣬˶ˣԼﻹǿ֪ʦǼٵģβԸ
ħԴԴϵ۶ɡ׶ݶִ
Щһδͻƿߵһʿν˾ӣصǵڣֱķζЦ
ǵִ󣬰ڻþУҲòϡ
ħһ죬¶һ㼢ʺͲʵ顣ôҲʤްɡ
ֻҪһĥȺʿͻķ£
ЩûʲôÿġŶԣ뿴ֳ𣿡ħǿ˵Ȥ벻뿴ʲô
лߵָ߬ڵϣͬʲôһ㣬̸Լʶͬ飬̸ЩΪ죬֮ǰ
ħ촽۾ŵķŭ
л߱۾ָ·ġ
֪ʱֻȸѾ˳ͣϣһ˫۾ؿǰħ
ԭһ仰ûƭҡл侲۾ƽĺ棬ȷʵˮ档ֻҵͬ飬ͬ޷̤Уͻᱻ
ڸոյʱѾܶ̽޷ʲô֮
ҪǣлͻȻһ£ħȻصĵطȻħڡħδ뿪ˮңҲӳ֤Ĳ²⡣
ħϵЦһ˲ܿ¹һϡԴѽֱ㷢ˡ
ħԳˣǰҾˮ档ôأ
ˮʶصҪŨǧ򱶡ҪҵǼϼһҲܣȫ棬ѡ
л߷·ʲôı飬ŭħƾʲôΪԼܹȥƾֻСת𣿡
ħ˵£˵һЦ
͵һ꣬ѴʿļУ֪ɱħ¡ţȷʵʲôתտһ̰ԹУ޳ϵģŵնɱһħ
ħڸոлߵĻþУʶ½֮ĸϵ
Ǵ˽統תҲǳ½֮
л߻ȻԭӰ
ѹֳΣҲӰټ
ħǻʲô˵£Ц¶ҵ󣬳Թζʳ
ҪժǰȴֲҷȨ÷յΪѣԹߡټȥħԨĸԸħɡɰƬ춼ʹԨҲҪ𡭡
ˮܿͷӶʣˣʵڱЩѿе˾ӣҪζˡ
лһȥ˵öԣǶ档ΪǻƴԿűô޷뿪ߣ޷ټħڣ˵뿪ߡ
ÿһʿȥס˵ģ㹹Ļþţͻһ֡
ҲܶɹƬɱ㣬ΪһλʿԾౡҲ͹ˡ
ֻҪԴԴϵʿԾУһգ˭ˮħ˺
ħЦڳ׵׵ʧˣ¶Թлϡ
˵䣬лѾ˺ߡϵĽȸȥ𣿡
½֮°ͱߺݺһ¡
ʲôҲû˵л߾ͷ·˴𰸣Ц
תͷħһҲҸ磬Ҹû㿴ôġ
˵꣬л߱㽫½֮ģԾˮ
ԭƽĺ˲У
лһ˲ãԼ·ֱ˷ǣǧѹ˷ӵ
ӿ塣
л߾Ѿ׼صģɻ׷Ļ
Щ̫ˣһþһȥ˼

ҽԺĲϣһֱչĻʿŬο
ǰߵİְֺӰ
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ߵýѪߵ̵ĵط˸ư
򵽵ϸصסͷֻһ·߳ɽֵСȸѾˡ

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һĻĻĻ棬ĭһԺг飬лԽԽ³
۾õķɢˮɢͬһϢı
ĺɢ棬иߴ꽫ڻ
ǱһԽԽ³ȥ;·ˮͣڰ;еʿϤĻİģĻûģ֮ǰѡͣڿʿ
ÿһʿ۾ɫݣʹࡣ
ڰ޼ʵˮУɢһӫ⣬΢źߣȥ
лҪ˵


66 
ӵĻ, л߼ãԼѾ˼
Խ׹Խ
һʼ, ΢ǰ·, أԽԽ׹ٶҲ𽥱仺
޴ѹͷķζҪѹһ, лߺӿһ⣬㱼ֲǻþʵ
½֮Ժ
ߣѡ
л߻ۣͫһʱɢġֱ˺ܾãϳǰ½֮, Ȼض˶촽Ҫɱ֤Ҫ
½֮
ⶼʲô߰ġ
½֮ҧлһ, ڱϾֻһƻ, ֻա͵ǿܿҪײˡ
л߹һŷӦ½֮˵Ĵġ
ΪЩӵһһΣĻþ, ڶˡѹˡ
лĵһ˿ϲҲ
Ϊ̫ˡ
Ƭκһ˿, ʻ, ܳΪħİӡ
ÿһþһͶš
Ľ念ͥ, ʣջռȵ
ǸʹСӵͬţһССᣬݱԹޣջ㶯ɱˡ
ôһ֮֮İ£һĥ㣬Ҫ𡣻Ǳǵơ
ʱлܷǼٵģʱֲ壬ȫƾ־֧šʲô£ƴصģҪԼòԵ¡
һķĥ̫ˡ
лͻȻʶѾײܽҲļˡ
Ȼڼ䣬ѾԸоƣġ
Ӻ²޵лߵʱš
ֵͬܣ뿪˽ǧ֮󣬻ǵΪһ˿Ѫ䰮޶Ը㾡УֻΪɥĸӴһܵ干ͬ׷澴
ΣҲ޵
лȴ̲ס룺˭ܵסĥء
л߿ǰ½֮ƽܻе㵣Ļ𱸡Ϊʲôúôôܳˡ
ڣֻʡЩ½֮ú˵˵
ܺīžؼֻʣͷͷʶһ𣬻׹䡣
лľľģԼ֮ǰڻþеʣ֮кµĶ𣿡
аȻˡ½֮ʲôɬһѩǼ죬ζ㲻ˡӺѩǸ˷Сš
֪Ϊʲôƣָ붯һµлߣĵ׳ʯͷͻȻһǡ
ʵл߸½֮壬̲סǱ߿˿л̣ôܸҸ粻Ը
½֮죺Ҳ˳ۡ
л߹ⶺҸûء
½֮߷ߵܻȥǵȥҽʣܲƫĵҩȡ
л߱ЦЦһлߵʣ֮㻹𣿡
ϣ½֮ܣϣ½֮ܡ
ƼΪ½֮ת֮ӣ˼ʵط裬ݺлȴһ㣬½֮Ӣۡ
лûӢۣһǳԣҲʵĵӢ۾Բʲô¡
ʲôʹĴۣôӢۣ
лһĵ£˭Ҳûи߹
һգ½֮ܺϹطꡣ½֮վڳǽϣһϿո־޴ȸ࣬ħǧ
ڳҴʿڳɫȸſ˫ᣬӳȿһ̣Ա۾
ΨлߣΪ¶Ⱥͷ綼㣬ۣˡ
½֮Ǵɱħ壬û±صؼ䣬ǳ׵׵ʧˡ
ʮǽ֪޷ġΨеնɱħ͵طµĸ
½֮εºܣҲأ
л֪µԣؿƿ½ǣҲû
лߴץƼ˿Уǹڡ½֮Ŷת˵֮࣬̾뵽ܺϹ¡
Ϊ½֮ŶǡתҲ˵ͨ
½֮ģܹٻһõͷѪŷ罵µĴ꣬ʲô
лϵһëȻĴ𰸡
Ǻܿܣʲôعλͬضµĸء
Ѫ
ǧǰһʢ£ԭǷ͹λѳɡ

ˮ֮глĵ޵Ŀ־˽ȻҲûӹ޴ڵʴ
Ҫ½֮ܽһô
һδεĻþлѾѡˡ
л̧ͷ½֮֮Ҵţֻͣˡ㻹Ҫȥ𣿡
ʡܲܡǡҪҪ
½֮һʱûлش
ܶѡʱһ˵ڣԷѾ֪ˡ
л߶΢Ц
ҪȥȥӢۣҾͣɿ֡
ûϵȥҵ㣬ġ
ҹȥ
Ϊ˼ֱӣ½֮۾ģ㵽ʱҲˡ
̧֣ǣлߣʾлߵͷԼġ
ˮ֮У۶ʹлʼգ£˫֡
ֱһ̣лſ˫֣ڣһֻСְĽȸ
ǻ룬ɵʱ
½֮ͷлĵԼѵÿϳԼʲô£̫ˡûǣû㣬ֻԼˮ֮Уֻ´粽С
ûܺϹһۣͷѪ߶طˣǿдѡ
Ϊսֻ±𵱳ܺϹʱˡ
ʵտʼˮһ̣½֮ҲûߵһȻĵһֻܼȥ
ܿͷѪȼǧħҲܿʣµѪɱħȼһˮ
½֮㱼Щ£ûüл߽͡
ԴܺϹط꣬ǺһֱҵǰܣһһԼķֺʹ㣬
ЩĩڣҲҪˡ
ֻǵ˵лߵģߣԸٰһѣȥ𣿡
лҪ˵ʵǴһ𸶳ˣһʤȻ½֮ȷʵǸɱħѡ֮ӣҲʲôû



67 
лߵ, ֻСĽȸըҪĺ, һֱ
ɢȥ, ûбɳ꣬ǱһŹһ֧, ɵļ
лϵŹ½֮ġ⡱ı
һʿӵǧַȴֻһءϸ˵, ȵ¸˭Ⱦָ
л̧ͷֻǿ½֮ۡŹǰ, û̧֣ѧĲǹ, Ҳħĸ򡣡
˵֮ǰ붯Ϊƣڲ϶µСл߿Źǧء
˶, лʵȷи𣿡
½֮, ֱ׵ʿ, Ҳû취ҵĹиǰ
ҽĻþһҲֻܰҵı㡣
鰮޹أлǲϲ޹أǹȥ
½֮Ϊлڵ䲻, ǰĺܴذοк£Īǰ̡ߣкߡ
ܲεһлȴ֣صص˵ͷá
̧֣סŹ
Щ̣½֮¶ȡ
½֮Ļǳлߵı󣬸ס˫ֻ֡Ӱܸʲô֧ţһ̣лȴԼױȵ
Ź
Ⲣô֣лú
ȥƬʱ⣬ڴʱÿһÿһ룬㹻ϧ
½֮ƹˤİοЧʱ̣ǾȻţС˵
ߣǵòǵã֮ǰƭС֣˵Ľҵ¡
лҲ㡰ƭСְɣǵá
ʱΣôʱðı˴ûʱ䡣
ʵҸոڻþһĻ
л΢
ҸտʼΪҲԸѵΡףΪźΪһֱûãһĴ𸴡
ܵһףʼԳڵ飬Цõ᣻ԡҲƽ壬ǱʲݣЦƵؽ
½֮ʼǸĿˡɴ˿Լ⣬ʼ׷лߡ
һ㶼ĺ
л߻½֮ܵԼ׵յӱܣ½֮Ҳôװ£лﲻûΡ
ᣬ˭ҲƳһֱϵ졣ǵĹϵģ
ߣѵǼ£ʽ˽ᡣ½֮ƽ
лһ¡
룬½֮ڸ˵ҿҪǻһɢɡ͸ɴ¹ת½֮ˡ
ߣܺãõһӶ㡣½֪֮ԼһǣҪűķգ£ǿҲҪ
ǿңǿ㡣ҶҪ
ҲǣЩȥ
һģ¿ʼ
½֮еԳ룺¿ʼҲûȵǿȥ
ҴңȥףʲôûУ㡣½֣֮أлߣ׿ǣֻԼ⡣ԸԸ⣬ҵĵ£
ûʢĵûκ˵ļ֤ûżĸͻëҲûڷ絲ĳ
ҲʲôٳҲûй̹ǰ;ϻճһֻʱҲʣˡ
ԸԸ⣬ҵĵ£
лߡǲ밤顱ת˸䣬һʲôûУѧ˼ż
һƬӰлȴ·ܸо½֮ΪЦ΢΢š
Ҳܰװ׸ռ˰ҿǸרһ׶ˣҪǲϸҪıˣ
л۽΢䡣
Ƭ̺áҶ㸺Ρ
һȥҶ㸺Ρ
һµ£οһ𣬸е塣
鱦ֻһ̣ûиˡ
лɿżβָֻ֣⴩žĺһ·չƽ
Ƭ̺кɫĹ⣬ԺͻȻѣ
ܵˮ漴£ʼڣ־κˣ
лŵʿӻþۣͬʱħЪ˹ŭ
ֻһƬĺڴ˿̵ĴУȴͬһƬޱ޼ʵĺл߹ЮУһƬ沨Ҷӡ
ɡ
ϵͳŲħŭһлߵԺС
л߶˲ˡ
Ϊԭһֱܵģ½֮ĻǣѾˡ
ûϵܸо½֮¶ȡ
أܵˮԽԽ٣¶ҲԽԽ͡
лߵĽ˼ʵĵ棬ȻǴ΢΢һ̡
л߶һ£½
½֮ǸɫβĿڴ
ǸëǱʲôˣֻһϸСĻҽ

ɢ
ԭߣҲǸͨͨ°
Ҳûжߣûж
ϲ뱯ʿǽͬǵĲк磬׼ȥ
Ψлԭء
л߶ЩͬЦЦһҡ
߾ôѰʿĹ򣬾һء
ʲôأ
ʿĬȻ
ħ֮ǰһȸҶˡһлߴȥֻСȸҲԼµ˼֡
һ곤ʿºȰ½ٳɱħԲȥˡлСѵʣǰԵҲʱˡ
ûлҡҡͷûٶ˵ֻƽ߰ɡ
Ӻգлߵļ£ҲĬ뿪ˡ
ֻʣлһˣվڿյµף֪Щʲô
ϵͳ𣬴һСζ
л߲˵ˡ
һжԸˣõŪ𣿡
лͻȻڣ䵭ʵһʼΪȡɫ𣿡
Ƽäʦ֪½֮ţνת
ȻһģƼҲ⵽ģл߿Ժ½ֻ֮ҲδǼٵġ
Ϊʲôл߻нľƣƵĸòһģһ
л߲νͬһӵй̶ˡĲ²⣬ġÿһ˶ơΪʲôνִû½֮
һǼٵġǸһ鹹ġ
һ棬һ٣Ѿˡ
лԭ졣
֮תΪ·Ҫɼ٣ܳɾϵġǺƼûʲôͨһЩֶΣǰ֪Ҵ֮ʲô١
ǿδ֮ܿɲ٣û롰סңһٵĹ
û뵽ƼҺһӣָˡ
лЦƲ˭أ
ϵͳãȻƬ̣Ҳ֪
ϵͳȷʵͦɵģ˵ʲôֻ֪Ϊʲô˿лŵġ
лͻȻԼǨŭһ֪СආҲûʲô˼˰֣ˣɡ
Ƭ£֮ѾûˣҴӦߡ˵ЩҲû
ȵȣϵͳˣæлߣ˭½֮ûˣ
лҪ˵ִҺöڡˡ̫Űˣβ΢䡣Ϊ˷ֹвСʹûҺӵ䣬쿪ͷܻظһ仰ÿֲһҵģԲ۴Ǯģ
һдĽֵġûдɣ
Щݽ꣬͸Ƿˣ



68 
֮ǰ, ֪˭ŪԼˣл߿ܲưոݡ
ϵͳȻ, Բ׽, ͼ֮δزҵ϶
ڣл߿Ƭ, ֻĻ䣺֮ѾûˡҴӦߡ˵ЩҲû
˭˭ûˡ
ȵȣϵͳˣæл, ˭½֮ûˣ
лԣ˳ǣЩˮվĻ, ʲô
ϵͳл, ҲˣѪ
лǰѪ
ôѪԽȫҽѪ
ʵ֮ǰѾ׼ˡֻһ, ǻԳܡ
л߱۾Ҳˣ𣿡
֮ӷϵͳ, 徲, һȥ½֮
ϵͳ뵽Ǿ䡰ҴӦߡʱе㲻̫ȱ嶯
ȻǸտʼദô죬ҲࡣɱϾлô, һ·߹ҲЩˡ
Ҫ˵ģӺʹҴϵͳеżһʱҲ˵Ҫ˵ǻΪƭ½֮ȥǾԲܵģ
ԭĺ𣿣ȷʵкϵͳԽ˵Խ룬ǹ͸ԱҪӦְͣͷ䣡֮ǰĲ²⣬µ٣ǾɣֵѳһȦȻˣͨǵĿ𣿣
ǺлߵĹϵ̫ãлҲô̰ǻ
лһʼֻϵͳߣϵͳ˵նɵóһ¡
лߵӻľģҪն𣿡
˵Ҳһϵģϵͳֱ𾪵붼ˣǣѵ½֮Ǳˡն裿
һʼǹ⻷ڵʱҲûô½֮
˾¡
лߵеתˡ
Ȼϵͳ˵еҪǣҲˡɵϵͳʲôƭıҪ
ԼվڱѩڵˡһѩΨһĻѣҪǰһ̣ҽðһƱ̡
һƱ̣¶ȶ͸ȴѾ㹻ߵˣץΨһľݡ
лսˣһ¸ɺԵʹĺûĶ
½֮ʶѣܻܲ
ϵͳһ£Ҳ
ϾϵͳӴҲֵúϸֻ֪һԭ½ܾ֮ôˡǾȥĶ
лҲǡ
ϾҴְãҪ֪ģҲʵ
һ£ʣˣǲǸøұꣿ
ϵͳʱ⡱һ¡
Ȼһ룬лܲҪ
ʲôı궼Ҫܲܰңʵ֮ǰ²½֮գ¶ģҪ½֮һߵ׼л߶û޹һ̣ȴۿᣬһۣųסûҾҪ
Ȩ޲
˵лǲҪϵͳȨ޵Ľġϸ룬ҲȷʵҴлߴ鷳лҲЩϵ
ϵͳһ£СҿԻȥʡҲ֤һа
лһʯͷϣϵͳϢ
Լûô
һʱͷԵ룬֮ûǱʲôطЩдģ֮ǰأһʱ룬ϵͳϷŪҲûʲô˵ģҲǱ´ԭˡ
ʱһһţ֪˶ãлԺ
֮ǰϵͳˡ
ͣҲһЩлѡյߵʵһʱ䣬ʵڱǸ
ʵĲ²󲿷ǶԵġǣܻһ⡣
ϵͳȻһЩڸлһĽ͡
½֮ȷʵһճ
ǵˡ㵮ʶ㹻Ĺ֧ţ²λҪǳԶɵĿ࣬Ҳжپƣһ罨㹻ϵ
½֮Ҳˡûļ䣬조ƽ١ĸԸΪȼԼһѪҲһ
ԭһ˫Ӯ¡½֮ܳɹĻ
ûвֵδûеʧ֢ȫľ壬޷СΪѣҲûаɽС
лڲշת꣬뿪ѡһƫƧĴׯţ˼ҽݡ
л߰š
ξνǰľ࣬ҲȷʵлߵԸûʮ공ҲѡѧһܹͨͨԱı£뿪лңƽ˵
л߲һжҰĺȨˡΪл̫ӰҲһʦġ
Ȼ˶ʮģ˵½֮ദĹа㡣ԭҲȷʵġ١֮һ½֮ת죬ѪһʼҲֻͨѪˡѰһ飬飬飬ԲѪѪܹȼ
ǿδڰΨһê㡣
лһ
ϵͳƺеһѾεЦЦʲôԼĵ£
⵹½֮ϲлˣֻź͵źȿͷѳˡûʶϲлߣ
ûϵͳ֣лߵȻ½֮ס
ûʮβ߸εպֵܵ·ˣ½֮ΪлߣǶԾ˵𾴡
޲õˣÿγħسǣضл߼ſڣʲôŴβ۰Ͱţ϶ϲߡӲƣҪ֮
л߾Ժǿӣʮһ½֮Ͷʮһ½֮ȫͬһȥһ𳤴˾л߶½֮ҲûʲôΣûҪ£ȻѾغܺãԡ
лԸ䵭֣½֮Ҳ˵ټ½֮ûȥΪлߴ򵶣ȻҲʶ΢û˺ĵ㲥һ¡
һϡͿһ̲Ǿô϶໥ع˼ꡣ
½֮ٴγħˣлΪˣŲһζҩħҲǱƼ˸ɱˡʱֻܿԼ򣬲ô¡
½ֻ֮ҵлߵʬ壬ҡħˣֱߡ
ʱûףлʲô飬˵ʲô󳹴򣬻СΪ󰮣һѪȻ޴١
ħĻþô̹̹عˡ
Ȼôʧˡ
Ҳܱ
һǧһȻôסǸϽϵԮ
ϵͳеΣΪʵ̸ҲǱ۵ӢšټȼϸߣȻǺкʵ൱ޣѶõĽӰ졭
û취ʱʱлߣҲû취жϣҪѡʲô̶ȣ½֮סɵȥѣ½֮һҧǡ顱ô죿
ģжϣǾǺпܷġ
һ˳ҵһǧĵ㡣
лл߹ඥʱ򣬰һСС䣬ȫͷȥˡлߵĻǳȥȻƲ׽СʱڵлߣŲԼܿƵСȥˡ
ȻһлߵĿӣħ֮ǰֱֱȫλأ½֮һ£ʲô顱
ȻҲ֪½֮ܲᰮðƻǿδлҲϲ½֮Ȼ½֮ϲлߣǰᣬǡлߡϲ½֮Ϊʲô㣿
ڡê㡱ϣǳġ
һ˵ûɹҲԭˡ
Ҿһ
лߣ
ۣⷬȻе㲻֪˵ʲôǺá
ڹĵģҲΪءлһĥûʲô©һʣ֮
л߻δ䣬ϵͳµҪʲôˣ½֮ѪҺɢĸطõķʱյˣȻ꣬عλ
ʱҪãϵͳû˵Ҳ̡Ȼϵͳ˵ǣҪǧ꣬ȻҲǳԵ˶ϵ˼
ţҲûϵѡ
лߴ۽ޡʵǷǳܽܡ
֮ڡ
ϵͳܿ컰ͷһתȻ˵ô࣬ΪǵΪ⡣Ҳȷʵûͬ£ܱǸ
ⲢֶΡοץ˸š
Ǻһ£ͬҪ󡣲ϵͳһΪѣϾٳɵģû취һӾƾ
лߵ͵һ¡ûһڴӦһ£֮ʲô˺𣿡
ǵᡣǿҪһ

лվ£һһʼļýǣٱڵǿƽ
ԭϵͳѾˣһϸ֦ĩڡնܣ˵⸽Ծ⸽
ѾѸԲʮѶұˡ
½֮ͷѪлȻҲ׼ҵģ˵Բʮ񵰶ˡ
·񣬶ڿ̬
лߵ߲ɵһֹֻĹĵ
ѵȵСڻ
лŸôѸеѣһشȥȻ겻ᣬһӡ
ûͷʲôطܲûҹ
ϵͳͻȻȵȣ㿴֮ǰӣ
Ƭ̺󣬿ŵлߴڳһ飬ģǽ̿һģ״һһͳͬʱ˳Ĭ
лߵ½֮ĺɫӣԵϵ״צϣ˭Ҳû취ǰ̿һֻϵһ
л߶˶촽ûü˵
ϵͳٴеغԼھҪģҪǿϵһȣ˵ëͳˣ
һ£Ҫˮ
лߣллǲˡ
ȷлûۺ֮ϵͳϲعȥܷˡ
ֻʣ
л߿ŻĽ̿е㷢Ҫ˻ˡ
½֮˵ʵе
ǰǽëʱ򣬾Ͷеëɫн֢ûëˣжӰ
ˡлߴ˴½֮ĶӣеӲģôˣŻˣͺͺɡ
Ҫѡ
л룬Գ½֮ûѣճһëһͷ
лҪ˵꡿
û뵽һдһдORZʱԼҶԲȴСʹΪ˱ʾǸ⣬ͺңҿۣѧ̫̫һ³齱ˡ۳齱һᾡһнôҶܳ鵽ѧ齱ô㣬ٸ۷
Ƕˣдһճдһдճë֨ҹ



69 1
һŷ, ̺ӡ
ûзĻƿƷҲûзŲˮ, Ƿһں, ̿
ȣʵһʼлǰ½֮ŵϵģΧĴ, ʵû취˫۾ͬʱΧ½֮Ҫ
½ݺбҪ΢һԼɵ磬ίʾľãճһëͱҪһ𣿡
Ȼлֻһ仰˵ݺͷΪһЩԵʲ, ϣǸٷأǾͺأ
½ݺһԼͺͷģ, һ, ûѣǿճɡ
˼Ƭ̣һü޵⣺Ǵëأë
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л׼, Ц֮֮ǰһͷС
˵һ룬лһ, ̧ͷȥȻһζ
½ݺɰ״ʲôѽ
лߣ
Ȼ˵ͷ½֮֮䣬¡λҲ½֮Ĺϵ仯֪л߻ѵЩ߳ܡ
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۵Ҳһ˿Ц
ûʲôڵʱ½Ǻڲӵ̨ģ²ؽ½֮ռԼë
½֮ճʱ½ҲǸյĸȻСӰ£ҲһЩɵ£˵ռһЩȫûʲôãֻмС
ڣ½֮߶ͷһѧײϵС֦ջë
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Ĺ۲죬ڷࡣģ¼ҳ̵ıܡ½֮ÿë߸ˣ䷳ذԼëһȥСϻźá
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ϾԵȸ̬رϤһ½ᰡ
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½֮СͶԺɫֳǿҵСʱԸѽɫȫɺɫë
½֮Сʱϲë½᰺Ū˵Ҫһ£ûгɫë½֮ÿëϰߡ
л߳ɣͷëǽɫġ
һֱһԣͻȻڣ֮ëȾɺɫճȥͺˣ
Բɢᡣ
½Ҫ½ݺĹΣˡ
ȴûмŸ½뿪
л߲µл
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ԣΨһԼ֮ϵģǵµлգգ۾
Լúܳ󣬵¾úÿ㶮ġ
ߺлߣһ½֮˳˼

½֮оԼĻǿյƯ˺þá
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ֱһ
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һף½֮ը
ȥеļ䣬һԵӿԺ
ˡĹȥļңİߡ
÷һͬȥߣˮӵصļ֤£Ĺͷǰɵ¡
ѵػӦһ
Ҫ
½֮ۡ
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½֮
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