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ҵҵ꣬ӭ˵ƽõģ˭֪պͼ߽ͱߵ̯һ
޷Ĳ˵Ϊһһ岽һҡпƼûΡ
˾½һļ߱˽󣬷־һƣǽ
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ֵ˲ŷ˵ԼܡܾѡϹϽ

ݱǩ Խʱ Ǽ ϵͳ ˬ
ؼ֣ǣ½  ǣ  
һ仰飺ȫǼΪҲ
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1 1

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һźа˷ƵֲͬԴʵĲ
һֽţһ󼸽İзӣ߹´ۣЦЦ𴽽ǡ
ʹ˫֣˹ϳŦۣٻصٺˡ
ġ촩ȺϺΪ½ָᣬΪ籥ĿͻǷ񼸰꣬ѹ벻˵ʵѹס˾ѡһݼʱˣֶΣ˸һ¡ơͽıڡһ˲ѵļߡ
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ȻԾܲ鲻ߵϸϣ
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򡢼촩ֺ󣬼½ִľƣֻˡʲôС۷塢ʲôΪһƬ죬ĿС
˰ɣֻݡ½ü΢ʲôΪְҸ˸ҳһƬ컹ࡣ

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ЩˬһԼ㹻ǿѡȽռ䡣
ʮʱȡҪ䣬вˬָӡ
ļ߾ȻǸͲΡĿһβġԡ
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һǮȨƶȱѣ˵绽꣬Ҳǡ
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Ȼ͸Сֻ.Ȥ֤İж
ǹĿ࿴Ϊ뼱룬ΪṩҵϵİΪˣĳɼƴѧҩϵҵûд¶ԿڹΪһѧͽͷʼܶµҵ
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Ȼ֪ĿƼչ̣ٹʮ֢Ͳ⣬Ȳ
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ղ֧ú˻ʣİٶõ㣬൱ڵʱİٶ໪ԪȫԸ衣
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½͵һ
Ϊȥѡһǡôʱļߣ촩ЩϺҲĹˡ
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ⲡ˿ֽ
ʱҲĿûʲôν֮׬һѡ
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ӼɸѡͬƼˮƽҩ䷽
ԼĶͷȥºл߽г©Ͷʣ
ҸӶųΪʱԱҩʦݽȡꡭ
ֻҪԸ⣬ַӾ߳һƪˬ
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ѾһѾݵġŲġġ޹ġС꣬ô᲻ҪһΪҳһƬ죿
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½״ŽӴ˹ɼ˵ǹ۲һԼĵӰ¶΢Цݡ
½òϢ촩ȺϺҲȥ
ܶˡǣҪ⳥ΪʲôҪ⳥½һתЦ򿪱Яնˣ˭ңܹΪһСĲһƬ죿
ǣǸղ磿
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ɵδ˭˵һأ
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ȻûУûС
ǼʱٷչĻ߻߻߼ֻҪʵ֤ݣͲڵȥҽ˻ҽԺЭ̣ܵ
վǾɣȻȥϢһȥɳˡ

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лֵܡһɨΧʣβûʲôɣ
Ķ̌ͷ¶Թı飬ʵǶʵңǲǱ½ģ
ԭɵı͵һĬȻǨ͸һɾȺ߲ѡ
Ǩĵ˵ǰ
εӣô֪½۶ˣ
ǨԹǵûСҲҡ˶٣ᡯشһơ
ǣ⣬ǿĻС
˳صضһۣǺ֪ﲻԣ½׷ҽԺˣ
ǴˣһûҪٴһ٣
Ǩ˵ġϽ֪ΪʲôҲҽԺ㣿
ǻûΪǨǰһ㣬ͱ仰ҭסһû
ǨŵùǺ̬΢ƽⲻ٣ǹԹ̬˾˵һ
ǱЩǣ¼½ײһһ״ǨʼҼ½պôǨ㹻飬ʱҵĽڴɻ
Ǩпֵֿܣлˡ
ǨвĨƽһ㣬һ뵽ķԸĵڶᣬֻ
㲻Ҫ̫磬ղϽ뿪ʱת㣬ȥԺԼҸٽָ
ǣ
ʲôָỹࡣ
λٸ꣬洫㲻һܴҲǴ´ࡣ
һ˲䣬ͷӿһڡ
Ը񣬼ʹسɹ࣬´α¶Ҫһٱ᣿չҪֱӸٰ࣬һ٣
˵ˣȥҼ½һΰɡһ㣬ңӦܺƽ֡
½ıʶԷģû˸Ĺۡ
һԼݶ壬ôеᷳ
Ȼû֣Ǩȵؿһۣͬˣұ˫شʲôϽ֮ǰ˵򲻹УѧΪɣֱȡļڣ106ǰܵҲûˣλȥûһƳ
ǣ
ô֣

5 5

Լûô֡
ϣǨֱ˸һٺô򣬾ͱҹͻؾӪλ¹⽻һȥĻᶼûС
г̴Ҵҵ෴½һҹߣڶһԱ㣬ǰɳѰ
ǰ½δػô򵥴ֱرˣδĿʲôҪһΪԼ
ܼ߲ûΣǲǱһְ취뾯ҽЭ⳥αԼķ
飬½һ߽ɳؿ򾯲˵ԼĴ¹̣ĩ˻ⷢ룬˵Լ˲رѹһ뵽¾ʳѰ
ֻǸС޹ʧҵʿΪʲôҪѣ
ִڵᾯһѾ
Ϊûŵϵζʲô˵ԼʳѰţ
Ǹûеݼ
ᾯȻԼ½̬ЩϢǳӼ½͸¶Ϣ֤鱨αѯרȷʵż½ǰҽԺЭ̡

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½ϣĴֱۣλҽԭԻȽǿ
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½һ٣ĵ˵ⶼΪ
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ᾯ죺
ʶһۣĬƬ̣ҽȵͷרҵķ棬ܿȷԼ֮ǰܺ˼½ĳЩԵ֢״ٿ˼ָ飬ȷʵʾԸһ⳥Ա㼾½סԺ
ǿ˵ǵסԺ
½λҽ֮ǰĲ߲⣬ܾ˶Է顣
ɹ涨ͺá
½ͨҽ͸Լֱ˵ôУǴҵġͬ־鷳һݵ鷶
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λ֢ƵҽʦȻҩʦЭ䷢µĸ߼ҩʦ
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ԺǻöԷܵΣգѵ
½˲ı⣬ҽڿʲô
ҽһСӣӸγ˰ɣ
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쳣ϵ˵ҽôңǸˡ
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ᾯ죺
½˹Źֵı飬ݲȵػ˻ҽ֣ȻҪΪףҩоѡô
ҽǺõģоȽϼˣԷרҵʿѶЩߡ
½ͬ˵̫ˡҺǻĴѧҩϵҵģȻ治ѡ۹⣬̫׼ˣ
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ҶͲָ췢ˣģǰʵϰҽԺסԺסĻǸ߼϶Ƿˣ⳥ԺԲٺ
⳥߼
߼Ǯס
˵ݸ壡
¾ɫףսˣָס

6 6

ҶʵϰҽԺ׶ǵҽԺھ֢ˮƽһָ߼ų̶ȿ֪Ժۺϸ濼ǣ涨߼ȹ˺֢ߣڴλʱ鹩ˡ
¾ݱ˭½Σգס߼Ҫ˵ûϵ¾ݸš
Ҫ˵Ǽ½֤ܲݣ¾Ҳš
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Ϊһ½òƷ½ȼҩʦҵĵϵᣬ½ǱԶ߳Ĺ¶Ѿҩʦ½˱ĵĵˣǰ;ϾͻϽ˽ҩоС飬½ȻҵĴѧúܶ࣬ĿǰֻǸҵδҲòȥ
һƷһʱͬҲעܳá
½ⱲĴ󣬾Ǻơ
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Щȣ˼ǣῪŸоҵ
״ʦҡҡͷǰһȡʵƼơβĿһӷ롣Ϊĳ֧ǰ߲Ч͵ļʦСѡʶ˿ĿʱͨҵµͨѶңҸʵҵĴԶλСѳ
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һҽ˵˵Ƶģתеˣ
ҽƵòУ½ÿζܾ׼ٵץסרҵ鼮ĵĺݣܶѣһھڻֲ֮ͨ̾õ½ѧϰ̡
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츳һӣԻ·е㲻ҲԲû˲ţ
ҽû⣬ԣҿɣ
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ҽ½ѧϰȣƲѣЭҲܹܶţ㲻ǲϸıԭ򣿡
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ҽУ½Ȼûвˣ츳ȴκһͨ˵˲
ҽ۱гԾ˽ⲻ۷׷ףԺҽԱҲ˷
ʵϰҽرĽ԰ѼŽ߼ҽ濴ؼ
Ҷͬһ칫ңԱùŹ֣ҽѵ˱˵У
˻˸Ī񣺡ҽЭϿɵĸ߼ҩʦ˵ǽİɣֱ
ҶԶԡ
˵úеҽݺԸ񣬳ٽϼˣ˻δ˵
ҶǲϽ֪½Ĵڣʱ֮ǰˣ粢ûи½κΰ̲סЩΡ
ͷ۹նϵϢ뵽ǰ칫޹½Ŀ״ʦ־ֵֹġ
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Ҷع񣬸Ͻվ㲻ǻȥ鷿Һȥɡ

7 7

˵ͷҶӹͬеҺƷ½Ĳȥ
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ǼʱռĶֽʵ鿯Ѳ½ĵϻֽʣҪΪҽϲáȻҽ˵ֽ鲢ϼҶֽذ棬½ʮϧʱͱȽСģ鼮
鿯ڴͷϣ½ڳſڵҽ˵Һʱˣƽʱ硣
Ҷԣ̵˫һ½⸴ӣŨŨŭż𾪺Ի
½״ֱ̫ԣһüëҶһԴζı
ҶоԼˣˣһ䣬ŭذθ½װʶҺ˼Ҿ֪龫ưոݣôţ㻹ָű˰˵飿Ҹ㣬粻Ĺİ!
˵⣬Ҷ״ʦҽľٶᷳŨңȼ½˵ͳǿ˵Ҳ֪ʲôֶ˵״ʦҽģҿȷظ㣬˶ǰйʲô綼ܸı⣡ر㣬㲻Ҫٲˣ
Ҷһһ磬½ţҽ칫ſΪʲô졣
ⲻǼסԺʱ֮һ
½ҶۣʵΪƽﷴһϡ
߲ûȫǾȲˣͷǨҶæ̼ߡ̸ͦй⽫߱һǴŴǿǺж񣬳߾ǸԼŵƷǮǶϡνɱķӵ˼¡
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ɴ˿ɼڴ̼ʱûԼ᲻ԲӰ졣
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8 8

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9 9

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10 10

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11 11

ҶӲؾܾ½һأ½׼ߣĻᶼûУ͸Ѽϼܳ䵱½֡
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13 13

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ʲôұѹեҵң
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15 15

ҶˣҲǰǸԵ۰ĸˡ
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ܽ룬ǽĺϵ

16 16

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17 17

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һҽʹʵϰҽҲҽϣԺҪٶ˵Ļǳˣ
˵꣬Ҷһ˦֣ܿǣԶȥ
γѣȥ׷û߼ͱҽƻ£ǲ¡
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ͼͣȴֻҽԱİۡ

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½Լ̸죬δȻʵһԱҶͬʱһ˽˲ǰͣ¡
˫һۣ½üЦˡ
ǣ̧̧°ָͣǡ
һݳ⡣

18 18

½ǳݳ⡣
ûͰ˵İãǵ̬ʼһ񣻵ʶѾĳԣֻҪиռλ
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ףػ뼾½һǰһԼ˽ݰᣬμڲ¡
ע⵽Ҷ½ߣЩؿ˼½һۣĿܿתϡ
ûǴĻҶǰӺܾأû뵽ż칦򣬾ͳױ½շˡ
½лҪһ㡣
üʾ⼾½ǣʣＴɣ
½ɫصﶼһ
ˣֿ˼½һۣЦˡ
ԣС£˵㡣
˵ţɨǣĮüʱȾͷһĬ룬ͼ弾½¶Цݡ
ҶżѵЦݣһ顣
ЦôǿҪǱЦˡ롣
½ûôãƵĿۣ鷴һЩ
ϲ˿ȴֲòֺӡ
ܸյϽĳ⣬ϸ̸һ̸⣿
ͷ赭д˵ܸϲݳ⣬ʲôҪģǡ
½˫ֽϣȣ⿴һۣͶдİʾ
綮ˣЦһһߺͼ½̸һߵǵ
ϧ½ǣж⣬̸֮佣ָֻʵҵȨ
ʵʽⷽ棬óĲ࣬Ҫһȫµġ谭ҽоʵңԭϽӦñһС񶮡½˹Ҫ󣬡ԸⲦʽͷ豸Դǵҩģ˲ŵĹʡ
һץס˹ؼ㣺˼ǣʵҲҪ̫оҩʦ
½ûп˼ֱ˵ҵʵңԶоҪ
ٴüŶ
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ûбס㣬ƾʲôǵľ鲻ȷ
½һЦƾʲôȻƾұоø롣
˵⻰ʱƽ˵ζĲ˵治ǳȥɣмŲ⣬ȴޱƶ
Ϊ˵ÿֶġ
Ǳȱоø룬ǱЩ˶ĸࡣ
˶ʸȥвߵ׹
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ż½ĵĲ²ģǼ½гö࣬Ƶ򣬿̸ʧ󡪡
ˣȴûŪɱﵶ̸һ˵زҪ
ҪǼʵ̸ϣѾ㹻лˡ
Һãֻںͼ½̸С
Բ˺ƤĶԻһʼռλãͻᵹһ߶޷ʰ
ΪʧȥȨͼ½ִ¼½Уһ㡣
Цαϣ̧ü˲β¶ʮ
˵ҡԼ̾ϢȻ֪ʹûб˵㻹иĶң˵ҡϾҪ˵ҸҪ㡣
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ӷ֣˵̫ûкˣֶκ͵Ӷˡ
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Ĵǰûз
½û˼̩Ȼ˵ˣеʱĥôʵҪʽ𣿡
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½ʣʵҪͺ¶ȡȡ¯ҩᾧȼǣ
磺ٸ𡣡
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磺򣬲ʽ
½AB-2ԴǵҩǻɰD8-rԴǵݴﵽ120İ¶
磺ٻȫ׼á
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ҲЦһʵҽȫȨһж˵㡣
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Цݣȴۿɼ˲٣ܻ˵
ǽҩͶȨóףȴ˵Эһ
ΪˣŸһ̸ϰһֵĸо˵á
˽磬Ĺ۲һ£½쳣ӡ
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ҶǶûô˽磬ζԻܾʲôطԾ
ҶƵ룺ϽĻôֵֹģ֧֡Ǹʲô
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ĹŹֵؽͶҶͼҶ￴һߡ
Ҷע⵽ǿһӦȴƿĿ⣬޷Ƶ¶
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ǣ
ôˣҲˣ½ҶҲ絽ô£
ǻ˾ӪһˣôԺ󣬴ҶԾأ

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½Ҳ֣ҽм½һĿǰûʲôɾ͵СҲܸʶ
غ֣վţ㽫Ǽʡ
½վţԡ
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ЦˣãҾʹˡһһĽҪһʱ䡣
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½ɫ΢룬ش˵أҲҪ롣
ͣ½Ųϲŭϣ
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кĴö
ֻǾãǹļߣǸʲôֲ˵㣬Ǽ˵㡣
ʱ䣬ӦѾˣҪ˶ãܺͨˡ
ȻҪ촩еĳɾ͵㣬½ô꣬ʲô࣬ͳɾ͵û꣬һôˣ
߲Ը˺ǣ
ȻҪȰԸˡ
ڴ֮ǰǼٲְɣ
½磺ϽֻһЩˣҪġ
᣺ǾͿְɡ
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֪Ϊʲôܾøˡ
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һ̣ĪЩңû취ԼĺӣܿΨһѡ

19 19

ǱͲٵĶ֣Ͻһ߿ţֱܵ˾޴
ĶŹ˺ܾãǴһʼ֧׾ֻܱ򣬶սÿһӶ˵һּ尾ָһֱޱѵߵվߵǱϣۿԼ಻ӣٶĥ
ʣԼˣ
ſڵϣ¿Ѫȣش˵ҲΥµߺ;ƭ½õ˲ţý˽빤С
⼸䷴ʡģȫǵﻰ
ʵϣһĲù
ٻص̫ͻȻܶ鶼֪ڲʱЩֲ״ȵͼ½̸УͨϢƴճࡣ
һһ¾ˡ
ƭ½౻һ棬½һ棬ߴıʹԶԶǰߡ
ڸϣǹȻǸȴδͬ
Ǹǳսʿ˼·ҲȽڹº͹ûҲΪʶ½һҩѧšΪ˴ʲôĸıƺеغˡ
Ϊڶɱ˵һϣ
֪쳣ںޣһڻﷴգʹȱ֫ʹܡ
ȭȭʱһɸ
ǵģִ£ð
Ƿ½ġ
ʵظоڣÿһ仰ġ
ȴ⣬俴ǣʣںڣ
ǲԾսȭͷɤӷɣǣҺܺڡ
ӿŲΪ½Ǹ˱øõţ
ǿı飬˳شǡҵü꣬Ҳˡ
Ц㻹ûѡ٣
Ϊ½Ǹ˲ţԲźڣ
½ľǸ¾ݵͨˣǲǾͲˣ
û㹻츳һ˻ñƭĸɣ
֮
ǰҪľͨЩˣ˷ŵȣһӦ飿
Ҳһۣת뿪ѵ
ǿ̧ͷ㶵ؿıӰһ³
ٴһ߹ѱϲŭүվ
ȭͷ˽ǳš
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ѵûд񣬶ڴǰ˼ʲô
λٶһۣǰһ㱨Ȱ˵ϽҪġүǲͨˣúý̵һ£Լ
֢кδȻҪϽӻԺܱŵѧڸ̳߻ϸһЩСë˾ǣϽȫΪŵļ̳̫
ع񣬵٣Ҳļ̳⡣
λһ㶡
ջĿ⣬ʮָ棬Сϣһ˫Ȼƺ̶֮¡
ǲǸõļ̳ˣ̫¶ۡ
½ʮоһϵҩܲԼĺһαعͱѺһϡ
ΪԾȣҲΪȡңһзҩԻжá˵ţ𴽽ǣҿۣ»غ򽻵ҪЩ
᣺ǣԺÿνԴȥ
ף۾ʼϢ
λٴζһۣ̺ӣɫ˳䡣
ŹЦ½ǡ

Ǳߵļɹ½Ҷ߾ƽˡ
½ƽΪһжƻУҶƽΪоһֱΣȻôôŹֵĶԻ
̲ס׸²ۣҸоԼ·ʲôͽֳ
ҶαҲͦŹֵģϽ
ζôӻͦ񣿸˵˲
ܵǳɲѾǸֳ
е㷢̫ѨҶοŵܵɵ֪ն˰žñ¹Ͻô£½ǸͶʵĶ
ҶҶʲô࣬ҩʦࡣȻ˵ҪԼѡγԱ͸ҶҵҩʦʱҶҩʦķһ㣬ִһ÷ǳλ
Ҷɵɵʲô֪
½ожҪô˵ԥ룬չܾˡ
磬½ԸҲѾܸǼˣҾûǲҪô߰ɡʵ½ʵңԱҶˡ̫ðɣ
Ҷαܵ˵һ㶣㵵ضŵܵܿ˺þãű۾³һ
˵ĺܺáȻѧ˼ЩˣǸ˵ġ֣ٺᣬʣͲҪ˵ˡ
ȷʵܵ˵½ʵûԱҶҡ
ĵܵܵļο˵úøɣԺǼҵķչ˵Ҫˡ

ҶεĽҶסˣ˼ȥûأ͵͵˵Ļ½
½Ĭ룬ϵҶͷ˵п
Ǹˡ
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½ûнͣתʵЩб𣿡
Ҷ⣺ʲôģҸ˵ֵ顣
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صҽԺҽר˼½һˣ¾ݵ飬ί˵¾ҩС鱻ܵ飬޵¾ݲģһֱ߹ϵ
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½Դ˺ܾ棺ΪʲôҶһҪΪҶǷǵ飿
ҽؿ϶˵߼
Ҳ¾ݱҩСܾ±֪½˵İ޾΢˽ΪԼѧƽ
ʲôҲѧᲢۣ
¼ʲôô͸˵ѧҪûҪûĶȲ¾ݣ
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¾ⲻǵ͵İΪ
ҽЦ˭֪ҾһϹһ˼ƾ䡣Сû㻹õģҪܹϲʲôкӣҸ㿴ûкʵġ
ҽɫȰؿż½дˡסȫǡý
½ѵһҭ
˰ɣˣ̸ʲô

ҽ½ܣбʹԴǲǶҪΪǣѧҲӳ⣬׶ǵĴ
£û꣡
ҽŭˣ½һıӰ¼½һΪ¾Ҫʲô۶ӡ
ǿҶķӦҶ¾ݻ㲻鷳
½˼
ҽ񾭹Ҷˣ
ָϵıЯԣ²òҶ򷢳ȥ󣬾ʹ򿪹ô򣬱ܹ߸Լһ߼ǽ˼سǽ
һУ˸üЦЦеڴ¾鷳ˡ
ϾֻĶˣõ֤ݺͰѱ
½ζ룺Ȼ¾ݴͷβ֪ǵ뷨벻޹ߵ׺ûйϵԼȷһ°ɡ
ͷµ˲䣬Զڼе¾ݺȻ˸¡
ָһնžڵϣŵػͷ˿ﰲûбˡ
𣿡

20 20

ȱ¸ɵĲ٣¾ԭ˰죬ǿѹĻţˤڵϵĹԼݡ
ѧͬѧΪһר˽ҩоСһʱ䡣
Щ¾Уһֱڰ¾ܹϵյ¾ݵѯʣܿ͸𸴡ǾԼ֯УϢշ͵¾ݹϣֲ˸ͨѶ
ǰʶҶһ飬Ƕ˵ξ˵Ҳûãοε黹ֵʦ̾˿еεؿ¾ݣ֮ǰôģҩСӽûֹŵݽ飬ͻȻôһʦעŹ֡
¾ʶҧ´Ҳ֪ҷֵʱѾݽȥˣֻܽʹ
ͬѧһǱ˿˰ɣûлɵĶ󣿡
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ͬѧͷԣȥúܿҩС⣬һ߰οһضһ֤ݾ͸Ͻ
¾Ӧ
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¾һʮָսһѹ̧ͷͬѧ¶Цݡ
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Ļȥ¾ЦһᣬǵĻһѹƽԭº͵۾𽥾ۼ
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һնϸ΢ĵڼױϡ
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¾˵˵ţͣ´˿ĿɨˤĹնˣŤ
ûϵʧһζѡֶ֤ҡҪپж١Ŀ⳹ʧˣҲ˲λôңҵҪ˭ҵ·

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ȫڹǰСʱڴһԼ
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žУЩصͺ𣺡ԣҾǵע⣡ңһֻһѣ
͵ذθ߰˶ȣ¾ݻشվһһж
·ûЩ춯ضŹͶ𲻶ĹУͬ˶ɵĹޣ쳣
ݼƻ̫ˣûо˶óԡȻѾдôǲȰҩԣ⼸еռṹĽģû㹻ļӦûģ⡣ģ⡭ģûǰɸ顭
˺ð죬¾ȷҩСУһʱдܸкиʤ
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ȻغУǾֻǸһˡ
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Ѱ˼ţ¼½ţҪóôķûϸоҲܣһʱ⣬˲ɲ١
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¾ЦЦ⣺½Ҿ⼸ô
ЦǸ˻ҡ
ҽõҪһУҽâɣ㣬ֻΪһ

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½ѵøеɣɴ¿оϣҶȥʵһȦ
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һڴӦ
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ٸϽϣ˰ʵҳײιһ飬Żûװõ豸˵Ҫ豸һ²ֲز׶ǣĿǰ;УԤһʱ͵
½˴л鷳ˡ
ٸæڰ֣鷳ӦõġŶˣһ¡֮ǰύЭϸ£ǰڱܣϽǩͬͽĲ鿴ȨˣˣֻЭ᳤Եȡ
⼸ϽºķЩܱǸƳһʱ֪ͨ
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½е벻ֳͨһ㶼ΪԼǵˣȻô
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ڣѾְҵֺαؼίԼ
ģͱģ˭ܴߡ
½Цݵȥǳɫ˫ͫű͸Ī
ˣҪлϽϽ⼸촦˰ɣҪҵӪƷʱ򣬶ϼ͹ȥ
£۾ˢˣô˼Ͻ˳ֶΪҩࡣ
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ټѣѥһģ˶弾½˸񣺡鷳ˣ
½ǷǷ鷳
νǳ죬ҶΪһһ߿˰죬жԼ½ˡ
ҲΪһ𾴵ġа˳ɹ͵̵ҩʦ
иڲͣ롣
ҲԣΪ˴Ŀ꣬ҪŬ
ţҶĻͻȻ߲٣֮ʱʼ＾½񣬻Ժݽ˴ְ룬Ϊ½ܹʵҩġ
һм½ȫܿͺ֪ͨҶΣҪҶҵҩʦҶһ㹻ΪоҵŹǡ
ҶκĸܸˣżҶúãҶǳԺҲоͷˡĥҪҩ룬ü½ϲϸϽҩɴ˹ʱ䡣
ɼʹŬûǰɡ
ɹϻس̵;УǽʵоĴſڡ

21 21

ͬһʱ䣬½ѵʵңǣͬе˾Ͻ
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½Ǻ߽ãִ㶵һţһߴݵغ졣
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赭д˵ãʲôѾ飬ŷͺá
½ƫͷɨһۣȾϵζ
˽⣬¶ȡʹڸڵ۹Ҳǻרã˵߾;һŪλϽȻ˵ã
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м½ЦҲתͷƳһ¡ƺ⣬ܿתߣƽĿʵ顣
缴ȫλҪҩҪʱժ䣬Ҫٵ졣
ò˵½ҩʦʱϿ
ÿϸľȷҪ󣬶ҩĵҪҲϸ⡣ǻɰǿʯʵֲҩģ½ҪݣصľλöƣAB-2ԴĳһСƬطÿضʱɼĻҶС
ٲ⼾½ôëȴõ嵥̾Ͷˡ
½ҪЩҩģĿĲǵзҩжԱȡ
Ҫȷҩ䷽ᱻԭƷӰҩЧзĲƷ㷺۵ķʽƹ޴ڣܻŵ˶õõҩ
Ҳ˵½ͨ˵ж˶ݣǷݡȻ˱ȻλĿֵ
Ϊּ֧½ҲΪ˱Լ̬ȣΪ½ȡõŲʵ뼾½棬апӵ½ͼ½ʵҲǿġ
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ϽʵôСģŵʵھоһ˸Ц̾һһƬëκ˶УɦļⷢʹĽˣҼ½Ҳ޻ء
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ܴ飬Ԥҵ飬ͻ⸱ӲĿҽԺʱȷʵܷܡ
½ĵ˵ŵоϻӲ̸֮Ͻ⻰˵Ķ𣿡
ֶӣ۵ЦԣԼˡüҵӣʵί˼
½Ƽı飬ü
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22 22

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23 23

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۹⡣ȷʵܽˣǲܴ˵ģֻдάһ¿ˡ
Ŭڵĵǣ
ｿ
Ǳ⻰ҭ˸̲סθ½㲻ҪôĵģһֱȰΪʲôͲ룿Ƿй˸ˬ죬Ժأ
½ɨ竣ʵطѽҿΪǵֵжڵǰǣҿֱӸǣõŶǾͱ밴˵
˵ʲôʲôûܸıҶµĹءǲܣˡ½ϳβЦ࣬Ҳܡ
ͷƤҪըˣҲ׼ͼ½ֻˣǨæ˶
ǨվԭأƹصվˣͱյýģҳһĳͻԼ
ҶҲĬվߣƱ׼
ǰûеȵӦŭػعͷֻһۣѪҺסˡ

гη𾪡
֪ʲôʱʵ¥£˿վǨԶлһëɫ£ڼ½
ͷȥһĮ˴ǣĿض۾
һֱȰΪʲôҲ벻̫ף㲻ֱ˵
ͬըףϥһڵϡ
˵ü壺˵ղŲдʣô˵ˣ
Ǻͷסɫף촽˼£һ˵ֻǵļŭ
ŭƺܾ˵ظ飬ųЦ˭ŭ
ǵͷȥĺǻ̿֡
Ӵ࣬ý֮ĵطŭʱʲôӣЦ֪̾Լ˴ɡ
Щ벻ͨⲻе־塣
Ŀƿڱվŵļ½ϣ΢һ㡣
о仰˵ĺܶԡӲ̣֮ü㣬ȷʵĹ
㽻ѡֻ£ƽŸǣ̫ˡΪһƬ˶޲ڣȼ̳ˡǾųλãǰδеᣬǣûһǿƵľŵҪһʲôͷˣһϣͼ̫Զʵڸѧѧ
½üƿߣ֮Ľ
ǵǾˣ̧ͷŵؿԼף
絭˵Ұޣֻͷ죻ͽηǿߡŴһƬĵط
˵˶٣ζؿЩ竡
οĳЩ˻ûԺ󣬺˵
ȡǿоΥЯвܵ߼Ŀйߡٸ߾ʵоټƷΥ.ҩһһ׮׮㹻Щֵֻ֪ӵܰε׶״
ЩĳӴֲ֮κκá
ֻ֣ҪڳԱȥԹһ䣬Щ竵ļ˷ͻ粽С
浱ڳЩûƢûû
оȱľǿƽʵҵ̳ľӢ
֪Щ竼ｫʲô̬չ
ܼܲʱƽϢ粨һųϲϸҪָꡣƹô꣬Ѽ죬һɳ֮
߻صϣɫһڳͫ׷·һ㸡
ƽûдϲʲôǸƽľ档ǣȻ˽Ǿ͸úͬʹࡣȥ
һʱûзӦʶʣʲô
˼ֳŪȥҪ˵һ顣
ؿԼ׹˿ʯͷһŲ³ԼЩͷĿѣûͷӬƵããҲ˼άĳڡ
ףҡ
к⸡ȴȻղ˵ûٿڡ
һţµǻۣŲŤͷһ߿úϷļ½ǰɫһӿԺÿ䣬޲ھͻȥ
Ͽɵĳ˵棬ԼУȺ飿
ˣԺʲôſԣ
ؾ͹ȥ
Ӳʯ¶ãġ޴ġ쳣ҵı飬ò
½ֻ˼ۣЦȻʲôˣϲ˲ݲеģ
ֱվ쪺УЦ紺շѤãŵ㣬ỺͷƤ顣
ϽȻǸˬˡ
΢΢ƫͷĿֱֱڼ½ϣĴЦӺͷ
ҲȻǸµˡ㡭˵ӣҫۡ
½ЦݶסŹֵش磺Ͻζġ¡
ЦЩʾʮֵãл佱
˵⻰ڷأһתƵĸۣٰһѡ
һ£ҲҶ룬ɫסͬͬߵߣ˵עº˺ģ۾һ
ͨˮһˮں߽½޿ƵЦ
̫ÿˣ̫ÿˣ
һӵӣʵ½ԴԽ󿴵Ц
Ƶɨۼ½תǨиͬͬǷСڵȥ
Ǩŵҡ˼ͷ˵Լᣡ
˵һСܵߣҲڳԱ𾪵񣬱ͷһˣںըһ޴ˮ
ܵոˮ棬ֱͷˮǺǱǳ
ֻûӵĴֶԼ½˸룺һЩҪ뿪һᡣٻʲôҪ͸٣Ϊá
½ȻȻغ˵Ͻңȥæ
Ӽ½룬ͻȻߵ½ǰ΢΢ְ＾½ȥһĩһǼ£ڼ½ͷ
岻ãҪעЩ
½һѰסͷ֣о㲻ů£̧۾
ϽҲǣ塣
½ĸ˵ñ⣬Ц
һû˵ʲô＾½˽ͷ·ִһ뿪ˡ

½ҪȥЩѲ˹ϵ
ȵֳЩԱҲᱻԼ̸ֹʲô£
½ҪľֻЩܵͷ˭Ҳֹ
ߣעźˮΪͺɪɪСǣ³һĵ̾
ڣǻѰҰɣҲͱˡ
̲סһĳҭǲҷͻȻͱúصļ½űͷˮڣʱʱǱˮѰǸ֪ӵȥ˵İ
ҶýأԭĥһᣬһƬǰСѯʾ
ҲûʲôҪ𣿡
½·ƽ¶ȡϽӸڻҫ۹ĸ߾
Ҷһָͣ竣ǣǣȻңǿ¶ȡֵİȫ˶򲻻ɶ񣡿ɶ¶ȡĲˮ
ҶԽ˵ԽʹļףݺݿЩˣ޲˽ȫһ١
½סļ򣬻᲻أģúõĵʵҡ̨ˣҲкõ͵
Ҷɷ߷߲ƽʵصźˣǡһ̨¶ȡ̨µģҲУҲ£ܲˣ
½ЦǻḶۡ΢˶٣䣬ˣḶۡ
⻰ˮｩһ£뵽ȥϽ͸оһѣΡ
ٹ˲Īص֫ȥֻϣݻǰ̳
ȻԸ
ҵȡʱѾȥСʱ

24 24

ˮ̫, ҩЧʧ֫԰ʱһˤˮУǨڱϴ˰֣ûٴˮ
ۿǾһή, Ĩ˰, ӵؿ˼½һۣ
㷢ȺΥ.ҩ, ĳЩɻõͬʱһЩɻøˡ
֪ȷʵˣڼ˵̵, ﻹʲôʲôմġͱΥ.ҩ, ƽʱֵ棬ڸָԭ, ǾԶ֮, Բմһ㡣
ҪѪ볢, ֿ, ɷҩö֮ߵǰҫͺܲˡ
һȺôҹȻΥҳµĵߣ
벻ߺ̶һʱ﷢ʲôֻý˷룬һͬ￴Ҳȷе̽򣬲ͷۼˡ
Ѿ, ĳ, ֲܾ, ܻܿɸصĺ
ʱҪԵľͲֻǽôˡ
ɫϽӣ˼ĥԼɹ½̵ĸж١
Ǩӽһ㷴ӦûУС͵վڰߵļ½һ£˴
ҪǻǱϹװˣֱùȥһ£˵ðҿûһҲ𡣡
ЩԶһۣЩԥ
򴽣СͬȻǳʱͦãһûˮݻǲˣǲǡҴ𣿡
˱뷴־һҭ˺üɥʣǵΪʲôҪ鷳ôû˸ôöԸ
㣬Ϊ¾ίʱ˭뵽¾
ʧˣҪֺ¾ݣҲûҪţţ˶ϣ˰æʵҵ𣿡
Ǩ֣ʣǲ˵漾½ʵңôֺ¾ݱ˳ϹϵˣҼǵûкϵɡ
Ȼ˵ûаҩʦ˭ֺãѵûõҩƷʣܸߵģҩЧʹȶرˣû˲ҩʦˡ
ǻعһ䣬鲻ɸˡ
ûʶۣ˵˾䡰øʹߡ
һԸ棬֮ãǨһѣŸ
ɫתо٣˹ĺˮӱ䡣
·ʪ͸ϣһֱ͸̲סҩЧȥĺ֢֣ǰҲʼһ󷢺ڣʹ͸ÿһ缡⣬ټˮĴ̼͸оֽŶԼˡ
ܣܣ˵ܣֻȫ
з꣬Ǵûй֪ôй˵໰һ̧ͷ½ʶȤذоʻضӡ
ڴͷӣǰ̾ҲСѧһվãͷȼ½С
Ҷ޺޵ЦӹǨӣһԱİ¼
ź¶ȡһֲˮںʮӣûѡ
һȺɥ㱵ؿȡ㵱޳
֪ǾͲˣˣǻпܱϰ
Ѿˣںһģ֪½ôǾͲ鷳ܳȥһˣ
ȥˣͲǸܹ෽.˵ҩҲΪ֢ܳ
.Ҫ
߼ϣɱĨƵǳĬغһж½ʾٲ¡
һ£Ӧ󾪿ֵؿӸעǵļ½ȶӿʼתվסͨһˮ
ҶŲǲǺ£üץŭĿԲһȺ竣޲ֱӰԴɣ
½˵ʹ
ҶԷԥ᲻鷳
½˵ƾǣ鷳ҡ
Ҷ̷ģ¶ǿԳ֮ΪЦı飬ȥ
һʶתҪܣ̧ȣһʹǰһкȻһըˮ
ͷˮ𵴣Ƿ׷׵ˮû׼֮±Ǻñȫˣòֵ̿شо
½վڰߣֳһӰװ߲µĽϸˣǸ˷粻ı顣
ȥɣڱϿš
Ҷسָͣ棺ղšղʲôѵǴ˵еĻĹ򣿡
½ĪؿһۣϹʲôǰѸӳȥֵˡ
Ҷ
⻹аˣ˭ܸΪʲôˮܰѸӵѧԭ
½䴽ǣûиҶľѾõֻ°ͣߴȥ
Ҷִ˰ΣվеķŭռϷ磬ƲӰװ߲һϸˣͳһͷȥ
ҽ𣬺ѱΧȺڻع
Ͱ͵𣺡Ǹ߶һ֣ѧ𣿡
˻شҲѧ
٣
ȻǺ˵ǣҲѧ

ҶһǻŭڴϷеõ˷й
ĵǼܣ½һ߻ôŬûܳɣǨǣ
һʱҽ֯£ԱΧһᣬŭɢȥ٣һ¿ʼһȰ½ˡ
⼸ӲǶҲԼˣֵá
岻ãܴ̫磬ѾˣҪȽȥ
ԶԶԣٺСҶ㲻̫ġ
½֪Ǻ⣬һһл󣬽ͣ۵úȴ˵Ҷ
Ҷں½ĻһȺͷ˺һʵʵ߻ؼ½ߡ
Ǹŭԣ౧ţͣСֻʣںη塣
ǸʲôҪҼ½鷳
ҪܴԽʱգϾʹϣñ˶֣һԼԼ
űȣߵ˰ɣ׳գ
ǲͣԼʹʮ̡½޶ã˵нϸˣ¶һ΢Ц
Ǽ񶼺ǮϣⲻǼٵġǻٻ¶ȡԻҫ۹Ͻɹһˡ
˵ţ١
ᣬǰ˸
ٻֱ򶶣˫ʶ̲һ°ڣ޲һ̻ȥ
ôô
ȫҵͳҲⲻ𰡣
ԲۣԲۣǸ޴ԼôѣΪʲôҪҼ½鷳
һ϶죬½Ȥع۲һᣬӵЦ
ǵⲻ𣬲Ͳһˡ£ҴС鷳룬ǻеΣ𣿡
ڼ½ϸѯ£û˸˵ֻܺͷ
½⼫ˣ˱ˡ
Ҫ⡢Ҫ⣻ʧѺ󹤷Ҫ⣬ϾҶҲܵӰ죻ѺдҲñ
Ǿֵؿż½ѣдѣô
½صͷѽҴ㲻ҪͶôð㡣ôϲˮкº˼Ȧøд˼˼ҲɣϾҽúء
ǣ
ǣ
Ǩ
½ЦתͷҶ㣬ЩüǶ١
Ҷͷ𺳵ؽ½
½ĵϸˣǾɡ
Ǳִ̼úһͨһˮС
ָ˶ͼȰ⼾½̫ˡ
û˵꣬һµľ˴Ҵپ˸񣺡泤٣׶ǾĹְԱˡ

25 25

С, ڳ˶ĻǱհһ˲, ҲƤһû˵ĻһʻظС
оʵһţоŹõ, ƽʱ²ܵ競֪㡣ζŽѾִ㷴Ӧѹڲķ粨ڲһ˻߼˵˾ġ
½߲ܵĹע, ǣ˶ֲ˺á
ϵٶ, ʶϢߣ̾˿߻Ǩվţȡѵٲ׿ˡ
½һüϸˣü۴ͺˡ
ܹδͬʣΪҿǹҲвФ
΢΢Ʋͷ, ûлػ
½Ҳ, ıͲǣתͷƼƷؿæ˵ǡ
֪ΪʲôŶ, ǵıӦǲµˡҿԺǺͽ, ΪǲҲһеΣ
һ, ʶ뷴⳥ʵ̫, ûھͱס졣
һֹ˵, һ߽ؿż½Ҷ, ʣ֧⳥, ܱ֤ȫ׷𣿡
ôκ˶岻Ǿͱá
ֹ½ߣ¿ܻתأһһɡ
Ҷ˸ۣſҪôߣȴ½¡
ҿԱ֤ˣҪô˵˵˾һȰһ䣬ܿͻ飬
ǻ࿴һۣѯʵĿͶǡ
ǱǵҭùǺƫͷϴȺѡ
ЦǺͽܽصڼ½̬ȣùΥ.ҩͶоļ̤
ûõ𰸣ԥ˼룬ԼĽŲԶһѿڴӦ
½Цٰ֤
ٴӦˣܿͳһʽݵЭ飬䴫ߵĹϡ
ղŻһһЭзЧ棬ϲ⣬ǰֺǩ֣ƽ⳥һҲûУͷȽϿԣĵ͸½תˣﲻסԼ½л
ȡ
Ǹ缸òԣ
ҾͼֺˬˣԺʲô¾ǣ֤׶ġ
ӳĽҸǴ޴ҸУ˶֮ǰ뼾½ͻж༤ңֻ˽£ҲͲ
һССˣȫһǮƽ԰ɣ
ǮĶЩҲҪǼʲô࣬Ǯ࣡
ǰЦ£ѻ赹ͬǩ֡
Ҷ뷭ˣˣԼֱȥ
½ԹһȺ竵̬˼ˡ
ûȾ򾯷˵ʾԼΪʵߣ׷Ρ
ӵľһͣ
˿Цļ½ֿ˿жµǣ˵𾪻ͬ顣
û½ΪǺЩ竺ͽˣЩֲü½ϳȡоΥЯвйԼƷΥ.ҩⶼǼؾǷߵķΧ
½Ϊܺ˻֤֮һṩһ֤ʡ
仰˵Ǽ½һٵϣǸɵķ羰жã̵ֲؽһдơ
뵽ϽУӵľٺٽһȷϸڣͰȫסˡ
õٶ̫죬ȫ׷ʲôǻûϰͱ찴סѺ𴦡
˲ˡ
ղŲǻ˵һоͽôͻȻͱˣ
һȺĻ޴Ŀã㶵žĮӡ紵ͣɨ**·ƺҪһ¶ȡ
竴˸սͷ½ɴЦüۣȻԵĿ־塣
վںˮźǻ̻飬㱵ƫͷȥ½ⷢЦ绨ҡ
ȻѾҷʡľһ̣ԼӪϵ˱ߣٳһеһ²ؼģǻޱѹֺܡ
۾ɱģǡ

Ǳߵڶ峿Ŵظҡ
мλϽˤﶫȥ룬ʹŵǰʵҼ½̬ŵúߵ·ͱȥ˽лأ˵Ҫ̸̸ӷΥ.ҩ顣
λϽܾͬСɣ֪粻٣æǰסҲŷѾˡ
һɨḡƽʱǶܺϵλϽһۣ
ڻ£ֵʮӣ˳׵
ȴҿڣֱӰֹˣٸÿ˴һϣϸ
طĴ㡣Ŀڶͷļϣǵģܲˡ
һ߸Ͼɫףüͷ˵ϽͻС
ꣿһӣ߸ϾٵʱȻСΪԼµ鸺𣬻ţ
ϾɫӲ԰ףͷ˳üǹ£û̵
ĮջߣѾյôԼӦ֮ǰҪ
ϽȴشӦǼƾ֪Ҫټҷˡ
ɫºһЩǼ䣬뿪
һЩԥöûпڣע⵽ĪʶòŸæӦ
繴˹ָǶҸµˣϣԾЩ飬ڲ
ɫˣȲҷ磬ʲǿһϽӣģֱÿˡ
һ֤ȷָأǶƿη壬ԱµĽ״ȫԹ磬ŭƹԱ翴صļ½ֱֱ¾ȥˡ
ǿ˼䱣֤ǾͱһǿӲͿ͡
Թ˲䷭˰¾ݺ¼Ҽ䣬ȷ粨ƽϢȥӡ
絭עԶվʸջ٣½ʵң
˵ڵģҪ豸飬һʹҶϵʵҡ
ܺõü¶ȡɲòɹźĽȡҸһʵңú
ٱ齩ס
ͻȻ˶٣Ҽǵã½촩Ǽ¡ʦ͸ģ
ٳ˳ǣǵġ
һ׼׺ʵ·ȥǳˣʦĶá
ٲ֪˵ʲôҭ˺ðŴӦ

½ʵǺܵ豸⣬֪һṩһ̨
ҶƵ˵˵̨Ҳ̫ϧˡ
½ɢؿӱߣЦ˵ϧȻʵҲˣҪʵ豸ˡҲǻõС۸ྭ顣
֮ͬ以ƷҵǱҶ£۾ˡ
԰ǰ̨ȥ𣿡
½˵谡Ϊʲô裿յ⳥αںǮ
ҶͰ͵ʣʲʲôǻĻᡢôǮ
½ֵؿΪʲô᣿ЭѾǩˣǾ;зЧ档ҪϣҲҪϽͬͬ⡣˵⣬½̲ס̾ȻǮ;֮һϧǸطĺù񣬲ȥ۸ˡ
ҶָԼ½Ļۡ
½۾һת˼У㲻ǵ㻹ϲʶġҵġûӵġһԲϾҪ鷳ѣʶһ£ǣߴŽܽܣ
Ҷ
˵ʲô
뷨ֱ̫Σ˺òã
½޹ҡͷΣգط
ϾҲʲôħ

26 26

Ҷ½ֱ׳Ǻ
ʲôСϾҲʲôħҪħ, ϻ˭ܱ֮Ϊħ
Ҷһ, ˵ҲǣûУҲŲʶˣ½ѰթǷ֪
½˵ʲôôôôôթأ
̫˺
ɡ
Ҷ
, ˵ˡܺ˱ʾǳȶҪ·ˣ
½ҶҪ޳ˣüһ, ֵתƻ⣺飬Ҷǻ˶Ƶ, ֻ
Ҫ½Լ˵, ǵֻװǻвҪӶ, ûиж, ֱӰЩͬһӽǲթءǸʵάԼȨôҶ˵ôж
ǸطĹ񡣡½ǿ˵
Ҷ
а, 㽿ܣ˵ʲôǶԵġ
½е㾪ʣôǿ˵Ĳԣ˵, ƫͷЦʲ֪ʱſͣ½Ų磬ϽѵҲΪ
ժ¾ñݵ߽ˮ, վҶͷ, Ųͣߵ½ǰ, ΢΢, ż½۾º͵ͬ
ûдֻѵ˵ˡ̻Ļ⣬ú档
½΢΢һ٣͸ǳɫ˫ͫӰûĪԳ
̻Ͻһֱôᡭ˵𣿡
Ȼ´ҺٿˣϾⱲӻͷˡر𡣡
˱
½⣬ûκν͡
һ֪ԼֳĿȴô⡣Ȳ˵Ҫʲô裬ӸͲϵκˡ
ϵģôŵĲãзճ̡
½ȻܿĿ⣬µͬ˵⡣
վֱ壬˼½⳥ֱ͵飺ʵҺ˽ҩоС֮ʽûҪΪʡ˳Ѿȥɹ豸⳥ˣʵ滮ɡ
ȱǮҲҪ½ٱ⣬⳥пѡ
½ûԣҲСֻϽôͨԵҲˡ֪Ͻûʱ䣿ҪеĻʵҶһᣬҪĲϲɹȫˣüӪƷƷ
ףˣôûգûգҲпա
½Ŷӻͦ󡣡
ΣֹؿԼ˾ðλûǾ䡰ƹˡ˵
޶ã·һоǸµģ漾½ȥʵ䡣ɳ£ȻĦһ¼½ҩĹ̡
Щͻأ½Ӳػصҩ䷽ύֳĦûҪ˰ɣֻǸСҩʱдڳ᲻ڣ⡣
类Ҳû˵ø䷽ðˣǸ
½ÿɷҶ½Ӵ磬ֻʵҩ
СʱŰ˷ҩֽҩ䷽Щȫ硣
ûн䷽μ
½˵֪ϽǸˣרҪһЩҺܿҪʼоûйעģʱЭҪҲ˾鷳ˡ
רѵһҩ
ֱƷҩоһʱˣ½Ϊʲôһֱûרѵ飿
ڳжһҶ뿪ڣ½һֹ
ʱҩóר⣬ȻĵЩµ竿Ųôԣ·Υ.ҩҲڷ涼ܵӰ졣
Դˣи²⣬ܵ촩ֹƲ˵ֻܵȥ֡ȥȷϡ
һۣݺ⣺ҩȨ㣬Żס
½Цͷˡ

Գ棬ҩߵø졣
ҩʦЭĴԤУҩ䷽ȷʵΪ䷽ǶӪҩиԼ½ϵΪзȫ䷽ͶԱȣҩͬҩͬЧ䷽ԽԶͬҩ
Źԣ˼һ󣬺Ȼ٣ҼǵãǰҩʦЭҩƷʵȼֹ򣿡
ٻش˵ǵģ˵ߡϸƷҩﵽ75%Ʒﵽ83%Ʒﵽ95%ؼƷҪ99%ϡ
ҩǼƷʵı׼֮һҩ䷽ԽȡҩҩЧǿȺҩѶȶй
ͨԣͬˮ׼䷽´ԽߵҩҩЧԽǿԽȸߵ䷽ҩҩЧӳɣͬʱѶ
Ҳ˵ҩʦЭҩʱҪ䷽ԽȣβǴȺѶȡ
΢΢ۣҩʦЭ䷽ѶֻDǳҩʦҩʱעЩҲܴﵽƷʡ
ζʲô
ζ䷽һƹͻ츣ˣҲζڶеУ䷽һо˲ʱ䡣
ҩʦЭĻ᳤ΪǷע½䷽ǲֱÿǰкʱѹ뷨
µ½Ĵ㣬ն˦ϣʣȷϹ䷽Ȩˣ
ٴ𣺡߼ЭݿĿǰûгκ춯
ڵ۾쳣䣺طأ
ԥһ£ȥ٣ʱû쳣ǽ类¾ȥˡ
תͷôƶĲ˵ѵȥСǶ
ÿ춼ѵ˴ӡˣѸǺҩýݳˡ
ӣעһ¾
Ӧǣ

¾Сʵ￴ҩͻȻ˸硣
¾ָһԭ룬תͷȥǣʹŬڲǣڲ͸¶Щ
ôˣǲﲻ΢΢ͷϸѯʣǨ˵ѵ̫ˣɣôͻȻ͡ǰ𣿡
Ƕͷ诣һο˵ûʲôֻѵƻӦ˾ͺá
¾һȻ̧ͷæв㽫ҩ򷭣ÿۼֿž
ɫ΢΢ףнӹҩƿϽΪʲôͻȻĶѵƻǰ˵Уƶѵ˵ǳҪϽ
˵¾ݺ˹ȥ
û뵽¾ôҪγˮܺãҽ̫ˡ
¾գգۣǲαЦЦ
ǾͺáϽû̫仯ʵ̫ĵġҴͬѧ˵ˣҶ֮ǰյһݹϽƷƺǳ֢ǸͬѧҲ֪ҶιϵȻ뿪ҩСм꣬һֱûжϵϢ׼ȷġ
ЩΣ֪¾˵ķԼ½һʱ飬Ӧȫûʶ½ύѾܡ
¾ݼ̬ȣһͷŬҧĳ嶯ƽһЩ
ͬѧ˵λƷĴʦƺ½ӦúϽϵܺáҲ֪Ҫоر֢ҩзжѡ½ʦȻó˷һ˽˺ЩꡣĵĴʦõϽβ𣿡
һʼţž;òԡ
¾˵꣬һץסص㣺˵ݷо˺ܶꣿܶǶꣿ
¾Է£ԥӣŲȷ˵ꡣ
Ǳ˲ȥ

27 27

и˼Ĳ², ܲ, ¾ݲһƵĻѡ
Ϊ¾˽֪ôһ뷽跨
û¾ݽóռ½ǹر˼·, ʶΪҶϼ֮ǰ͸¶оɹӦܿ˶ɻĿ⡣
Ĳ, ʵһֱûῴ½ԭģ֪ож, ֻ֪ƻоҩкܴʹ¾˵Ķ, ôΪ½Ĵ, Ȼһû, ѵ˵ԣ
֢ż, ½óʲôʱ
⶯̫ˣ
Ծ, ϸ鼾½Ľ¶Զ򣬿Ҹ, ݱûжɵĵط츳¶һ, Ƚ˵עĿ
ⷴ˵½û⡣
Ǿ츳ڲ, ûҪ̫˵츳ϾŶȥ, һӰʲô
, Ļ侭紵, 󲿷ֻûʺѾлαȥǿһ
Ȼʵ֤Ϲⲻܱʾ½ǰû⣬ھҲû⡣
ɫġ
½ʲôĿģԼ˵İʵΪԼƴǳ
һͷĲɵ¾˵ҩз˼·е
ͻȻ֣һʼûͼ½ĺϵ½Ժı̫ƺΡ½ıĿģ⼸֮䡭
е㲻ü˼
ãƫƫθоֻҪҪһ죬ͻ᲻ƴۻȥˣ¼½ͼֻҪóҩģֻܱ۾
Ҫ취
Ǳò¾һţкǾϲû룬ǵϲþͱŭ̲סսǹҩ
ʲôЦѾ˵زǾֻǻɣ

˸£һξñطġԼᡱջͷβؽˡ
Ǵ¾ݵʵ뿪л㱾ǻҪȺ竺Υ.ҩ飬עȫڼ½ϡ
ǵԼ˼οлҲûóȻжѲҶ뼾½ʵҵʼĩִӹٷȷϼ½ҩѾרžȥҼ½̽һ¡
˸ݵӣٲƵ˼٣ֻǰо

½һֱڷԼõӪҩȻα겻αҲ˲١
оȥµĶڹնзռǺʹάѧϰʼǡоϣлרΪǵƵġϴδй豸ͼ⣬һһ䶼Ѫ֮
ָĦն˱Ե½΢΢۾
ֵϣ˵ǸߵѪᾧ˵ǶǵһƬġ
½Ӵĸ֪ʶжϳߵıʼǡ϶ôмֵŵؽǺָĳɾȻСȣ߶ܳƵ츳ڡžޣŬǳ
һˣûгֲ߱촩óΪһ
ЩϧˡҲֻעˡ½ȤضŹͶҺߣܸһԾ͸ˡ
ԸϵС覴ôӲӰ켾½̬ȡ
ʼնΪû˭Ļñ̤
ϴӡ豸½עżߵ˼һֽϣɺһѪʵȻǸϲĶֽʵϡ
Ǹˣӵϰ߸Ĳˡ
½ЦһùԵһҳ棬Ϲһ
ʵϣΪӡǰŻ㡣мߵľ޲ͳɹΪܣܸɵǴκͻ״Ϊ
Ȼҵļ߶Ѿ½ϾҲǵԸǰôò
Ǳ˵̫ڱ촩ֽʱռǺϱע¡
½ӼһǷ£ļߡǺ¾ˡ
ʵ⴫ҵĽŲֽϣЦݼȴĮˡ
ǹȻˣ¾ݣⲻС

ʵҵűҴƿǱܿһԱ֣΢΢
½е̸̸ܸһʱ𣿡
Աǵǣ̬Ⱥܲθ£ŭصһۡ
ʦҪ㣬ס
½Ĳ˼¹նˣϳ幤Աͷ֪ˣ㲻õģȻȥɡҪʼĿˣǵ豸Ҫ
⻰ԱٲԸҲֻ뿪ǰֵһۣ˵ǺðɡǶڸҪʲô£һϾ͹
½Ӧ¡
ûԹԱķκˣǰ½˸Ǹ
ԲٴΪǰĻΪǸҲΪǰʾԵΡҪЩʲôֻҪΥ¡ɣҸǡ
ҲĳЩ²ģҲǻлϣǴ˿ÿ顢ÿÿиɻ
½עھεģǸ
̧ͷϿңҲֻǿͷ˵˵ҾһжҺܱǸĻ䣬ҲܸмΪѪҵ㡣
ͼذ˵ºͣڼ½У֮̽Ҳǳԡ
½Ц
ǣǸԼ½йһǸ⣿۸ѪãٻԻͣʱ㻹ǻỳɡ
λߵֶβ͸ɵѧ˸ʮʮҲ֪Ӻ󶼽ʲô
½Ͼˤϣվ溮˪
ǣҲϽʱڵ¾ôӡǡóҵԤϡ
Աȼļ䣬½̽͵̶ֳȣҪٶ̽ų¾ݴԽĿܣĿڴطǷϵͳǷ⻷档
Ǳ½˼΢Щѿûü룬ͱɢЩֽעЩǱʼǣΪ˼룬ߴֽҳĳ۵ļ֤ϻԴͬһ£˵һˡ
ֶ·½ⲻͶ106AרмΪʲô֤֡
˵һ˵ȥˡ
106ҪļִֵΣյͻϮ񣬳ɹ89%ʲɡھл״󣬳ɹʱߵ93%ʸǴﵽ˳ɻ࣬˶οͻΧ
имзĴʦȴûз˾ߡ
½Цˣǰ˵Ϊʲôأ
ļߺεȲŻ磬Ҫǵǲ죬ֺαذһвҴţ
˵Ʋ֣ûдǣԼϴ˶δרĶؼ𣿡
ãȻؿż½һӲŷӦ˼ʱײײߵǰЩϡ
ŷļҳרΪƵĸ߶˻豸ãȻ
ЩǶҵģ
½ֱҪЦͷЦһᣬŶضֵ̿۾
ȻǡäϹ˵ĸôѪ㣬̤ǾͲ㡣Ѿύ֤룬ѡ˽ȫѶԴڹ£ûбʦЭʦǲڿϣ
ǴһƬհס

28 28

Ƿǳã
ͼ½ļߴڼ, ֹһμΪά޻׵Ĺ, ΪԷÿʲôϲױһʱͷ߶ҴҿͰգΨг¶Ż༸ֹע
, ǼרΪƵĸ߶豸ӡ
ֻǰδЩԼ֣֮ΪǱõġ
Ϊʲôû
Ϊʲôȥ룿
ַʲộʲô
һ, йɽڲͣײź˼, вˤ
ҪѹΪʲôЩ, Ǳ
Ǳڼ½, Ϊʲôѹ½ôܲˣЦݽ𣬡ʣϽΪʲôѡӣѵûˣ
˹ˣһ, ôļôѡУ
ƾʲôƾ
½۾ס֮ɫ, ֻüԼ˵
, ϣסһ㣬½ĶԶǼ½, øòӵͺ½һ, йһιϵ, ȴӴ˾ӵˡ
ȻṫеΪ
, ḯá, ֻмࡣ
üʷ˶̼ȡõĳɾͣסһλž޵Ļ
ֽ½䵭ͷɬһʱ侹бŤĳƺ
ż½ֻú쳣ѣԼһʧȥˮ㣬ʹࡣ
½վ豸ĹԱǰæǴȥ
ҸϽһӣͲ㶯ˡӽûϽͬ⣬㲻ҪǰͿͰɡ
Աһ߻ã½ô˵ǰ롱ǳȥ
ʧǵģûзͱˡ

Ϊѡѹ½ύĲϻ˻ʦЭȨ
Эڽгʱύжݸרϲ߶ӡСʱڣȨԱԸصЭܲԳҳܼƳʮزչ
켸ҹͣЪۣΪƴʦȨԱͨ˾ųר룬һ֡
ұϣλǧţݵƽƥȺѶȹߣҲͬ֡
⻰˵δ̫Цˣѵûпԭ˵ᵽƲ⣿ΪƲǳֻҪԼоܻΪձ
Ҳ˵Ʋ⣬Ʋζ˭ܱ֤ľձԡЭ涨û֤֧ţƲⲻΪ׼ͬͷ
ˣʲô߷һ˵ˡ
ģϺͿ𣿾ţҲóʵ֤Ϊˣ
̴ӣ˵Ҫ֤ݣôΪСˣƾ츳ѵоһͷ
дʦͬų̫Ѩֱ飬ǣ̾˿
ô꣬ѾٲҪЭϲ㷢Ϣ𾪣Ҳôһˡ
һ̣ȷǼ½ϲ֮һ㲻õĲ²⡣
һύ˴רڴѾõλСԺܿ˳ҵתȥо
ǿϧΣ״ʦֹͬš
Э׼һ棬Դ˵ȻλСҪרѸʹã־֮ʿ֤ҲôꡭҲˡ
ԱԼµ滹£ɴ顣

ʦЭ߲ظλʦշ潫гɹ˵Ĺ񹫲̶̼СʱһƬ𾪺
רĸʹôAϵרΪһоá
Ĺ𣿻ǷʲôŶרΪһУ
ҪЭһ˵Эûкǣʾоߵָо¼ӴǻҪһʱȵų֤ݣһпԼС
󲿷˱СֲͣģûҲ״ʦĵϨ档
״ʦ˵øɴࣺұҪ˵һǼʶԸƵ漣оڶ̶̼ʱڻôɹ츳ŬĽҲءϸͻᷢЩɹͬһġзĿģΪĳ̨˽˻׷񡣡
ҿ˸ͻΪߵЩоΪһСĲݸ壬Ǹʱ߻ֻǸĻʦ
״ʦڽĿζһռСѺٻعͷȥߵ֣Ծưˡ
кȥѯʿ״ʦ֮ǰʾأǾЩɹ̫˼𣿵ܾѵǻģ˳ɹǲΪʵ׼
֪ʵù֣ûָõشȴû뵽״ʦظ
һ㣬ҿ׵ظߴңҺĽǳ죬ûм츳ĺӡ֮δܴһоɹȨ޹ϵΪ㹻ְҵء
ܻ˼ǵ˵Ϊǰĳ֧ЧĴǸˮƽĻսʿΪ˽˻ʦĺְҵҵ롣
ҷǳⲢѡڴУʦǰ;޷ʦȣȴΪνĹδԭⲻ޴ᶨθе֡
ļִ漣
ڼԭйĹУӭǧѷĻһͻ˴ǰǼʸ޽չĻϵͳѵ㣡ҵҵĶȨ޵ר飬Ӧܷѵ֮Ŵǰ˷ֵġԵ߼ȡͻԽչҪأҲ֮ǰᵽ
һ֮һݼָҶݡЩר뿪ҵ˶סĹס
ұǿǣ뿪ҵɣȻź뿪ȴѡ񡣡
״ʦĻظͬҵҵе֧֣ǱʾԼȫμ½ϴ󲿷˶ڴ֤
ڲͣϢУʦЭ꼾½ߵȫָ壬ΪڿĶֺȨĶڹ
ʱݵļž˼Сʱ׷ڡ
һλţ
һλġţ
ڴͬʱǼǿԡ¡οһͬõǰ̽ҺڿʹŹսһ߷ֳڴάڲȶ
ʹˣһֱ˿ޱȵҲβ
ԷƵ롰ĬλٶȼֲĴڽ½д˺Ĵ洢֮С

Ϸ⼸Щججǻع
ѵ϶ѵϣŹնϸϸÿһڹĶ
ÿһΣľһãסʺÿһκհʹࡣ
ֻΪʧȥ˱ԶĶҲΪķôѪָ壬ʶ½ǰûоȥоҩ
һֱɲɵˣ˶Էñ緢ⷢȵĻ䡣
ǸǸˡ
Լ½ҡ
½˵öԣ䱻ϽΪӣȥ֧һҵδ
ɥͬһֱҵʧܵĴһѹͷһڹм尾ֲ֪µĴ
Ȼгļ䣬̾˿Щ
ǣվ
ϤȻվһͷͿ
һ£촽˶ʲôû˵
ɫĪؿΣͻȻЦˡ
ȥ̨

29 29

ʵȥǰ, ½ͬ
ΪϽ, 統ȻϵʹǺйļ½Ҳͨٷϵ, תϡ
½ûʲô, 練һǸˡ
û˽緽ʽҵͨѶԺһֱԼţҪֱҼɡ
½ԭƽıݳѺۡ
ϽǸ˲֪룬ƽʱھ, ѵҲôƽ׽ˣ
ƽ׽ˣһԴ䵭Ц, , ֻƽ׽㡣
½Ƥһ, һſ˪ѩղŵЦͬ꼻էֲټ, Ŷһû𰸷ʲô롣
Թ, Ͻ⼸ûзʲôرĵط
رĵط⻰¶ȸղŸԵЦ, üĿ̼رĵطǲ, Ҳ֪ʵ, Ǹӵı仯ϵй¶, Լ
½㲻ػ˸Ц, ĵ˵ϽأѾˣ¸ôͲһСܶˡһʱ䣬ҵĹصҩϣܲʱչأҩʦЭͻʦЭʲô飬Ҫ鷳һѡ
˫ֽϥͷĪ⣺Ҽģ׵ˡ£ұǰ㹵ͨһ¡һҪһ̳ȶġֻǸţҩɹ֮ǰҲһڡ
½ЦݼףչоҩҲûԭϽҲϣҩзڹɣ
ҩǼ½׼зĵڶҩڴ֮ǰҪȰѻҩз
о˳ѵģ֪ƻɡڶйԷ¡ؼ֪ԷǼʺе֡
зµʷΰ֮һҹѧϰǿԣ̫٣˹ԼܸһʹȥµĲƸǳɾȫǼһָǼͷϵͳ
λſʱļ½ƽһʮ꣬ʱ˵Թķиɻ
ζУûܹƷµķݿ⡣
½Ƿȷʵй¶ˣ粻òɣϲĸȨ޵˲¡
ż½۾֣سŵ˵˭йأҶһ㲻Ϊ˵ǣֻ谴ƻо
½ʵκ˶㣬磬˵ϽŰ졣
ֻȷ¾ݵʵͨʲô;ʲôɹע¾ݣĿĶﵽˡ
ղö½òص˱𣬴Ҷʵҡ
ӵµı棬ȷ½ҶȫҶҲڸȥæ·ϣ·վڵѵȥˡ
ȻŵѾʱţǾȰ＾СյϢɡ
ٸһ㶣Ͻ˼ǣ
һǲѣԼΣǾʹΪֹȥǰսĶȫӡ

Ѿö粻Ƕ˵ʲôҲǱ⣬ܾ̬ԣһľ
ĸۼھʩչֶΣʱͷǳη硣
ʱҪ֤ͲԵԼ㹻еҲҷʡıľģ˶ٷֻҪܾһжǰ״
̧ۿֱͦļϰ£ޱȡ
Բ̨΢ܣȫҷֻӲͷƤߡ
Ԥϵǣڲ̨ԱߵȺģ⼸޻֮Ľ̹ǣµн׾١
ͷ͵һ˵ԼǸʲôоƵؼ
ᣡ
Ǹᣡ
ֵ㹻ãҲỺ̬ȣ
Ǽǵĸʱ˵Ͻעξʵ㹻ǿͨʿ͵ͽ׾١ܵһξųҲ縸סӰ죬Ͻ˴ࡣţֻҪ㹻ǿ󣬾һĻᡣ
ס˫֣ǲɫɨһȦվڲ̨Եȷʵȫ°ܽм
ԹӵķӦг֮ɫһ
ʱעԼϹ٣һϽģ֪ǽֲ˺á
Ȼָ̧򲫻̨һһֽϢһΡ
ԣļȻȴ̿´ĵ׷ŤͷȴֻԷĲ
һ³ȵףٵĴߴеԼĻףһ͵һսһ

ײƿ˺ŵĽζѵ
ǼʻԼ̨εĻף߾ȫо񣬲̨㿪һҫ۵ļ⽣ӰͶɿ̾ͱصɱ־ɫ䡣
صһ죬׶ձУ޷άȶѵԵڵء
ζܵײڲϣʹһŤ
Կհ׼룬ݺݴһְ´ڣÿ֪˲ˡ
̲סԳһЦֻᣬеƣ
ͷĺ飬еԼɫҰףĵüǡռײһҵر۾
ֱ˿̣Ÿ˽공ս
ӭսһʱǿϽжȣӵڶսкοʼͿʼ֧׾ȵϳѾֻмûл֮ΪԱƣڱһ֮޼ֱš
⻹޷ܡ
ܵ޴ǣһսĶΰ£ζսʱΪ˹ƽԶȫòãƫƫʤ
ôܣ
˲̫ˣǶԷĽˣ
ͷãơǻѿͬһʯȵףζ
ܵӰ죬һսǼѣκ󣬶ִǲ뵥涷ŹҲԶ
΢һδαҵڵأδȬľˣ˶ˡ
Ȼ۵ѾľûʲôϢ뷨
جج֧Ӧ˲֪ս˶ˣͣ
ǰڣƣشٶȸߴ64%Ļʹ۴֫ٺӿסͷ˵ڼʻ⡣
˵һǶͷײһڼʻ˹ȥ
绺ߵױϣԸ٣ӪҺҩ
ٺͬĵشӦһܿһŪǡ
Ӹ̱ڵϵӣʣ𣿡
ãȻؿչĴԸ޷κη
ûΪϡͿģ˵ʮʲôԭ򣿡
㶣Ұ׵ɫ࣬Ĭһ󣬲żѵػش𣺡ûн˲ܴ󡣡
Цһ˲û˲ҲûнֻսʱõĻ״¼ԴԾǨݶȹ·ʽϽ𵶡𣿡
ָһµĲ²ܽԺЩӲǲӦӦ֮Ǳһͦ
ƽ޲ˣ
²õ֤ʵԺȻһըǰףǹɾͷȻɢȥͨһ˫ϥŵأֱֱȥ
ϥܴȴܲʹֻʧѯʣǼ½ҡƵġЩ豸
ǡϾۺϣӣ̵شһл룬ǼСԴڹġֻùļ豸ڣѾ㡣
صڵأһ׹ߡ

30 30

Ǹ츳սʿ
ʣȷʵǡʹ޷Ტ, ˴սʿ츳Ҳڰμһֻ, ۻ㣬ʵϽ֮С
Ǹٴ, ޷ܡ
Ϊ, ܴԭ޷ƥеĶҪ鹦츳ŬⲿӰ𵽵úС¼½ļ߶׸װ⣬Ҳûô
ϾǸձҵûõѧ, ԣٰܸ
οԷѧרҵ͹Կڡ
ʵԼ, ȴû뵽һвǾлˮ¡
˵ĽʵǼ½ߵѪΪ츳Ҳô˾ޡ
, ش
Ǹҩɾȵ޴
һ, Ȼ񣬷ڵʹޡ
翰ؿӻںѵģ, ½ЦЦףѵЩп
ǰ, ʵǸˡ
ʱޱ, Խһ˼̤޵ʱ´̻ɢ, ֮, ټȶִҲҪ㸲ŭο֮Сû֮¡
Ժֶ, ֻһµоߣʵˡ
ζȻЩԼ½Ȥˡ
Ȥڼ½ʱҫ۵ķˣǰìͳһľֹ;ҲĲŻ츳ˡ
ͬһУâңݿ˺بŵĺڰš
̫Ŀˣ޷ƿߡ
˱ۣѹ¿޵˺ѷεӣͣһвͺ۳нˮ
ΪŴٸӰ죬𣬼вٶ㷢ѡ
仰ʹȻֹǱӺݺһ£׾鿪ѷ졣
ҡӰ쵽ˣʽԴϺ飬Ψһʹļ׵ľԼӰ죬ԲҴˡ
Į˵صǸǸȫôûõĻ㲻˵
ǹͷĳش𣺡׽̵ǡѵƻ̶ǰǰ߽
ԣ׿ۣͬ
Χȫ̵ٱ΢һЩǵɲ
ԣʱһأδǻᱻλٽˡ

Ե²Ż´ǧ
߸°ܽŵĸ߽׾Ǿ͵õϢ
ҶεǡæϵλУչͬҶʱЦм֮Ա
Ǳˡǣڲھˣܻ֪ʲôӺͻڵ106µģ꿴רֶ·ķϣУļֻҪķչһѡšɽأרУԭϵŵľӢܶ඼ûġ
˲ŶԸҪרмһֱǿ֮һʧ˲ŵȻ½ࡣ
бƢľٲ٣ۿ¼ѣߵúܣһǻصУҪֲġָ㡱͡ս
ָмܣǸ߼ٶ֧ʺܿܽȵס
ţҪǿļ̳ˡ
Ҷü
뿪бȽϾã˼άչһʱע⵽Ĺؼǲͬ
ǸŴô鷳϶ɥʧ󲿷˵֧֡ܵϢҲЩʱˣеǼϼһȴһûվ˵ڹϽĲûнչʧСҪӰȶ
ǲ
ȻôУȾв쵼λã˼ɲ򵥡
ЦЦǽͣþʧףʧԭͼˡӴŶȥߺ;ŷȷʵӰŵȶɼûС
ûУ籾˺Э飬ϣôǾֻǸ׵ѡ񣬴ҸϣԽ̬»ع顣
űϽֻҪϽһ첻žԶȶ
˵ţȭؿڣһƬȡ
ҷҽԶΪϽЧңʹϽ뿪Ҳᱳľţ
Ҷ̲סЦˣǣҲԶЧϽĳЩ˿ɺҺϲϴο㴫ݼϢ㱻ʯǸҵ𣿡
У£ȾϺɣûУмˣֺ㱻ݺͬһʱ䣬ϢҵúܣǳѲ顣ôΪʲôͻȻ
Ҷ˵ǰ켾Ͻ¹ػй¶һݣַеϤЩɡ
УüͷԭϽ𣿡
ҶΣûСʵҰ＾ҩСģеĿռṹʵûʱš
УһࣺæģȥϽ˵

Уıĸ߶ӡ
Уĵϵǰսʱյ鱨ʯزĻȴһֱûҵͷһ̡
ڶԱȹϢͨԺҲй
Լӿǣü½оյͬ½һõ
Ȼ½ֵ÷ǳ䵭
ʵһʼûָܲʲôҪյµСϸںΥ֮ͨЩ˿ȥж¾ݵʵ
˵ʵ¾쳣޷½̫вֻ½ԼѾˣӦĥ˽ͬҲǳ̬ϣ¾ǴԽģֻҪ򵥴ֱ¾˴˾ˡ
ϧ¾ݲǡ
½ź룬˵ôͲأԱôΪʲôҪΪԱأ
ز׽½źΪ½ڿϧûץ֤ݣѶͶż½üۣһһȡ
ı飬Ϊ˵Сһˡ
½ЦʲôϽ
粻©ػش𣺡ʱûУ˷򣬲ȥЩСΪС·һᴦá
½üûд𻰣ȴζ
һС£һС»רæʱһΣûô򵥰ɡ
粻ϼ½Ĳ²⣬ڷһת˵СǸӻʲôҪûʲôرϣ飬ͻعǰߡ
½ȻЦȻûСҼǵ˵ûмİá
رкӦϸд
ףƺ缾½һ˾Ϊôһ仰ԽǵĴϸּԾ˵ʵҰ
ѾϴǿоϡüСΪҵĲǣ©ѾϣĹԱ룬Ҫҿٰһ
ϣ½ظһ̲סЦϽ˵Щһʮսʿ¿Ǵоϲ
ǰʵҾ½½ӭЩսʿ
ǵ̬ȼºֻͣѲߺʵңֽӽʵҵˣ⼾½˵ġ
һԣȷʵǳġ
ȻȻؽӻܲüСˡ˵ĻܶԣӲ̸֮ȻΪԼµĴ𣬵ҲûԹۡκͲҶһһϡ
½⻰ָϸȴǸƵ̬ƺûԼ˵ʲô⣬ɨһȦվ˻ȥ
е֣쾫ܺãڵۡĴԳ쾡µŨңƽʱˡ
ܶ
½ƫͷʵҴţڻصϽˡݺ⣬ġ
ģ⻰ŻȻС˵ˣǾġ½ԻͷȴõЦһúöŵԣǵüල
½ĬƬ̣һһȤǾ͹ˡ

31 31

һͨͨѶڼ½ЩĪ, ϸȫĸְ, ϵⳡԻ
ҶͨѶ»صʵ, Ѿо
ееļ½, ἰĳЩ˾͹úˡ
µ竼ﲻҪְȨЩˣЩ˻Ļҡǰ񴦾ãرΪֱļλϽ, û̫ܵĿ𡣶ߣи涼鷳
ǿовоԱҪо豸, ȫ׼زȱйߵ׵㡣
ܹӰ죬󲿷оԱƢ͹ֱ, ߵ˸ɴͲ
ʱĮ, ʱһļҶʼܡ
ǰȹԴ޷ǰ, ǰԲԤԼҽʦ˽̵ҵӢڼ󵽣ǰ£˲̬ģɡ
̫̫ı仯, üһ˥, ͽС鷳۶һ˱ꡣ
ȥʼԴѵǼң޴ڵ鷳Ҫ˵ûһԹ޾ܡ
Ӵ, ˽ſڱտŭ, С, ٲ伾½䡣ʱţԽԽ㣬ۿﲻФﱻͥҲûֵãǹԹ޾𽥱η塣
ǲ˵ͼ½Ĳǣһǻ벻ΪвФṩҩ¾ϡ
ǻֱ׳ϳĽڣǼҺӷùΥ.ҩԼ֪Լ£ôҲ᷸ԭԴôǡɾǷù¾ҩ˳⣿
¾һ⣡
ôܵӰ죬̻ڡһ֣ʹ¾ݱվ¼ңҲ޷мܡ

Źϱ˻صĵӼ¾ؿڴߣһֶ˵
Ѿһݱ˻صˡ
ǰЩӣ֪ԼϽ˽ҩоС󣬺ǲ˼죬ͲòΪԺǣ˶׶пɵĴоʵͶݼ롣
ʼһл˳üܿǰоڻҫ۹ʼҴѧ޹˼̸Ը׼ҲʵҸԼȻ̸̻Ƚ죬̸֮ûġ
¾ݲ֪һҼͻȻת̬ȵʵҺо𽥱ɻ
Ӧõġ
ڻҫ۹ʼҴѧ޹ӦԭҩϸǿҩǱھռȶоʹûʽľ飬Ҳ㹻ԻˣôһʵҶ벻ϣ
ǼҩϵһĻҫ۹ʼҴѧʧˣЩܵעоû
ˣ˷ˣ
¾⣬ͣΪʲôʱ˾Щסþº͵Ŀܾʵҷѯʡ
ʾоҵѡ񣬵֪ҳʵӦѡϣܵõǰָ㡣
󲿷ʵҵĻظ壬ֻ˵ʵĹСֱ׵رʾǼϽҩСʦʦۣϣ¾ˮƽ
¾ݱִĿŤߵʦôŭҲ޼¡
ѯʱֻܻش𣺡ӦãʵҶԱˡ
ǿ̫һʼĸҩ⵽Ǩŭ󲿷ʵҶ˴кҪ
¾ݶʼ˼ɫҲ˵ʲôʱ˲ãֻ޹̾ϢҶס
˿ȣº͵ЦЦűֱߵĶ˸һɶ
Уܾôˡûдʵ壬жٳɹһܽϽ˽ҩоС顭ұҵʵʵң
ҧгö⣬¾˼ȥĿͶǺͬѧ
ǰȻ粻ϣ֮£ֻܼϣڶһֱͬѧ
Ԥϵǣͬѧûаһܡ
¾ݣ㵽ûģҰôҪϢȴ˾˵й¶ʵܣҲ֪˵ʲôܣҲ֪㵽״Ĵģֻ㣬Ҷ㻹ƾʲôĪе߸ң
¾û뵽ͬѧô˵˺ü룬żŻŵؽͣûУûУǸʲôӦô࣬ôܶ𱨣
ͬѧŭһƱˣ鳤˵ˣϢֻңΥְҵйܸ㣬Ǹң˵ʵССһǵоɹòԱֻ˵ңԺô棡Ұ˵
ôҩʦ˵ԻͣҲḻʵûʲô۵㡣񱻴й¶ܵıǩתУ߾ҵҪһ᲻ᡰ̬ȡ
Ժôҹ
ѵӴ˾͵뿪ҵȥ
¾ݱеԹûôôģ
ʲôͬѧһ¾ݣǿ͸ˣǰǲһǸĺˣ룬ҵǲһǷܣ
ҽͰѻˣԺ㲻Ҫң͵ԼϹô꣬ûнѣаˣӵôһ飬Ҫ֪أ
ŭգ¾ݵͬѧȴһ㶼Լ嶯еǰδе˼·
һͨ˳һ㣬ٺ¾ݶ˵¾ݿڽֱͣӹҶͨѶ
Ͷʧ¾ֱؿãؿڲͣ
ôأôأѵ뿪̫ˣ

¾ݺͬѧַ൱ͻȻҶδӹУϢѾǺüԺʱ½зҩѾóһС
Ǻ⣺Ͻ½㸺ˣйܵ˿϶㴦ûá
УԱȴŹҵȻ֪ûãǸӣϽԸô֤ʲô²⣿
Ҷʣ¾йŹ֣
Уе㳰˵ڻҫ۹ʶʲôˣֱϢյǼеϵй¾ԣϢԱȶԹԽˡ
ҶζʱˣҪ˼ܳһҩСѾóɹ֤вĻһЧǳ⣬ץʱȷŻٹڶͬϽϵһΡ
У£Źˣ⣬²ù졣ϵ֮ǰϽѾںͼͨˡһΪȡ˽׶ԳɹϽģԭ𣿡
ҶΣ
Ͻ

Ҷκ͹У˵䣬½ո翴ɹС˹ժһ˫ѩ׵ס
Ͻļ֤Сȷ򡢵䷽ͶȽ飬һҪʱ䣿ŽܣͼšĿǽ
оǷǳջ飬¼½㣬漯оʱҲϣ˴šɲͨ磬ȻҪ˵᲻е죬ǲĿС
ȴû½ĳĿƵЦ
Ķһ򿴵ĽСҼʶĿıȻҪضԴСǲʲô
½ƤϣһαŶϽָ
ͨѶͷӣʱ䣬СǵԼȻŵθȻҪ
½˲˼ͷǵ΢Ĳˬɢȥֱ忴磺Ͻҵ
Щ¾ݺ߼½˵˵Ͽһֱڹע⣬ܿͻн
½ָԼģζЦԷ£ȷʵڴ

32 32

½ԸǿԶ, , ֻǸְûõ¶ѡ
ζ, »Թܾá
Ŵ, ״ƲʣԹϿ⣬רҲҪ֤
粻֪½ʵ뷨, ʹЩ, Ƿǳĵ˽
Ҫֻ֤ǸԵѧϰǿ, ζ㹻Ĵ߼Ϲɷ˿ɼר롢Ҫͨԣ޷Ǽٻ߼жϵĹ֤ݵİȫ, 㲻֤
Եѧϰϡ
ųɫ߼ͷڲ©ȱȷмƣǲ, رϻ©ʱ, ֤пɷЧ, صе
½Ȼ֪һ, ҪıԵ𰸲ɸˡ
Цݼ½õ˵Ӧύר룬ϽûеĻҾͻȥˡ
½˵, Ȼʲô, ܻջ, ½ۣȷ½ĲЦһ۵ס
˫кâɢȥŵ־͡
Сࡣʱ˲ר󣬲֪Ƿ㹲ͣ
½ƴ˵ʵʱеúܣϽгһʱȷαôż
治ɫСеġֻԸ£ȷʱűȽϰġ㡪ǸԳؼˡ
½һ٣ϸϸ缸ۣЦ˵Ͻ˵һ˵˵лԼרͨһϵġ
ףҺڴ

½ҩٶȱ֤ҩ졣
ݳϳɵҩСһȺʮ־ͬЧ䷽ÿֶԻ֢ŵĹЧ
Աɸѡ½ֻѡ
Ҷΰ＾½¼ݣ̲סʣ׶ɵòˣ֮׼򣬻ǽ붾о֣
ҶҲ¼һݣĻʹ½ش𣺡ӦǶо󲿷ֲϸķѾɸʣѡݶͦͻҪٽмϸ¶ԱȲȷš
˵ҶͲ˼顣
֪ʵҸҩ䷽ʱһԵʮϰ֣ձľôһʱһĶûС½һڵʮֶɸѡ漸µֵ漣ݡ
ǰҶ漣ͷϡ
ţҶ͵͵˼½һۣĪеС
½Ǹʱʱ̿ڴ漣ˡ
½ѵףϸϴɾֻ֣ûҶ˵˵ûҶ鷳㽫ҩ䷽СϽ
Ҷæڰ֣鷳׼ϽſŵЭо
½ֲɣһ̧°ʾҶϴ֣ĵشǡҺϽĽʺӣʱ䲻ܼ࣬ӿһһ㡣
Ҷλ⣺һϽ˵ףùģ׼һɸѡþͻῪʼڶоҪ𣿡
½˵пŵæá
ҶεͷѾ˸塣

ҶδС䷽ˣʵʣ¼½Ҷˡ
Ȼˣ˾巽Ҷо˲٣ÿÿоȡýչͿĲѣɸѡ˼٣̲סȥҺѰ
Ĵûгɾ͸УҸоҪʷء½¿аգöĶٷǰѧУʱо⶯ʹΣҪͷرɣҩԱʱţõ˷ѴҩĻ򡣡
˵״εģ֪ĸ˼ˣҲû˵͵ͷ˵
Ҷ֣Ҹ˵ҸղŻһ£˺ö๤ҩСҡЭҡ¼ҡɸѡ䷽ҡٺٺҴûô
ǴаɣСܴɣ
˶Ʈ۵һЦˣ֮ǰǻ鲻Ըڸоʵˣ
Ҷڵض˶壺˵ϻˣ֮ǰͺ˵½ĺ׼Ժ󶼸ˡҸ㽲ô˲õĻᣬҶ֡Ҫ׷½һӣ

ȵȣ˵׷һģ
˭ǰűԹرۣ½ǸܰƤѹեѹեһСʱ˯ֱ
Ҷ
¶Ŀ̶õı飺Ҵ½ָ߱׼Ҫϰ壬ǾһʮÿСʱÿĹʱ仹Ҫһһʮ칤ʮСʱĿ֣
Ҷ
Ҷû֡˵ּ߼ǿѣͬ¡
صҶһۣû˵ûСҪôߣô˵Ըͬˣ
ⲻǾһʮе¡Ҷګګ˵˵½Ǵ漣ˣһĺԸͬ£Ҳǡ
ǵЦһÿԸºͬ£ʵҵ๤ҪܰԸʵңҾȥǴӣ

Ϊɶо׼½ɸѡҩ䷽Ѷȵͣ״ﵽߴȣɱܸߡ
˼λεҩʦҩú󣬸ȫһµķ
ҩĹЧ̫ǿˣ䷽̫дˣȻеС覴ãҲܷҩĳɫо˿϶ǸټţϽлһ棡
˵лᡣĿǰҩҪҩʦ
λҩʦ˵Ǽþ㹻ˡҩѶȷǳͣЭ׼ֻDD͡ǵ䷽й¶ûҲԡ˵ţЩԥҩ׼оѾרȻҩѾܳ죬ǻǵ˵䷽еС⡣Ϊ˽Ѷȼӿٶȣ䷽ɱܸߡرߣ
˵Ĺ涨ҩƷרҪͨоȵЭרһʵҵĹ㳹ɡ
½óҩǳƷôɱ̫ˡ
ļ۸񻹲޶ȵĸߣǴﵽǸ𡱳̶ȵĸߡ
Ѿר⼸䷽ƹܣֻܸϲȦӵʹãΪָͬδоΪоϽôɱͶ룬δҩʱҪϸߵļ۸Ų
ǲǾҩЧãһֱָǼʻ򲡸ܹӸƲ֢ҩôܾòã
⡢µо˼·δֵĻ
һݻҩܴôȻþȫ֮ȥʢ޶Ϊ
˽ҩоСԱǱҪȰ翼
䷽оͶɲֻǼõ£
䵭ؿһȺˣǻҵûõ˿ǮеǣҵȲ̫áôҩʦΪֻܿǰƷĶ޷üֵ
ҩʦһ㶣׷׳Ĭ
ĿɨǣԺиֳ½ס
Ǽ½Ҫѡ˵ԵʡһߣùִǰǸı뷨ƱغķѲپ½岻áۡǾֻˡ
Լ½εԸ粻û鷳Ȥˡ
˼½ˡ
ǣ׼ٴҴܽңŶûüá
Ͻˣʵҵļ̨Զ⵽ⲿ

33 33

յϢʱ, 뼾½ʵѾȥСʱ
ֲԵҶ, ԹԼô˽, ֻǸо¼ʱϿͬٶе, ݷ;粨ʵҴôãԼҹԴͷ, ǰʹҲû, ̲סͶԼ½²˼䡣
˭İôģⶼʲôʱ, ƫԶİˣݷغ۳ϸɸѡҪˣɱͷҵӣ
½, һѷԼܣժ˦ϣҶǱȥ
ҿġ
Ҷ
Ҷͷߵߵļ½, ѵ˵, ½, 㲻ҩʦ, ôأ
½̲ػش𣺡ǻʦڲҩ
Ҷ˴Ŷء
ǲ˵ʱ򣬻˵ء
½˿СһҶŵһ, Լڹǰ, ûͣݷ, ֻ̺ͷǽ˷ԾĴ뼸ۡ
ˡǸ֣Ȼͻʵķߡ
ͻ¾ݲԾ½ȻԴСΪʵҹߣ˴ġ˼ӣҪȷͶ
ԷܳסŴͨҶκ͹УųΪӪƲ֪ʩѹԷ͵
ü¶΢Ц½˲Σ
ҶȴϢ޴Ļش𵽣˼½ΣǿǿһԼ
½½磬˵ʵݿⱻˣ˭ôȱ£ݶʧ𣿡
ֻǸսʵҰ˭ᶢǣ
ѵǸС͵
½æżӹ̻δǽڴڷеݱԷȡˡ˲֪ļƹ˷ǽõ˴Ƶߵǲϡ
еݣҶʱ۾͵ش𶶣ŵʣϸɸѡ𣿣½磬ôһ㶼ż
ǿµݰ
غڿĻҩݣ
ǵԭش˼ȦתֱԼת÷Σò߻
½硢½磬ô죿˵ݾҸղ뵽ЩԲԣЩݶرϸ£涼УСϸڶ¼ˡ
뵽ղԼ²ۣ˶øˣ̲ס
ûڵһݲʱ͸ӣڿɺˣݶ˰ɣ
жϸúܣȻҲоͬͬõݺܵõʲôôǸ͵½ĹҲҩͨݺзƲоϸھͺˣ
̫ɺˣ̫ҪˣôôûҪҵȻҷǵҧɣҶ۾죬޺һӣ˼໰
½ţôɫƽ
Ҷ½ӣˡ
ԽԽü½鲻ԣ½Ƕŵˣʲôʱɣڲģѵ˵⣿
ֻڣҶίޣֲҴž۾ļ½ֻ͵͵Ĩ˰۾
½ѾͷҶΪ޵ĶԼˣɵÿֹۣ
ϴĨ۾ΪûҩͲ⣬ȥϴȥ
Ҷصһ¿޳ⶼʲôʱˣ½ôϴ֣
ҶеĿߣ½˶٣Ż˵ģзִ磬ȥϴϴҪæ
Ҷһ⻰Ҳ˲ϿˣϽȥϴϴ＾½磬ְռ½вͨѶѰ

Լ½ͻǳԾʦҿȷһҪʲô
½ϲͣº͵ػش˵ѣýʦ½Сϣṩһ̨ӵַıùԣ߷ҲУиطڿ͡
˵ǻʦùкܶ࣬ϸڿĻϵ𣿡
½ζЦЦһڿҲᣬһϵĸʺܴ󡣡
½ô˵ˣȻѡ
ٶȽùӺãһ߿ŹͶĴ룬һЩȵѯԼѶĺѡ
ڿ͵ˮƽ̫ˡѵʲôˣ
Ҷܲ˵رͷֲúͺ˵뱻й¶飬ֻܺһʾǶԷȡ
״ˡ
ڸаΪʦǰ˽ʵڿͣⱻҶɹܼܿĻԹޣ˳·ȥ
мԼĺѣҶĺڿͣʵǷǳġ
츳õһλۣľȻó½ʵҵڿˮ׼Զ֮ϣҺ֪ڿͷ񶼲һ
ɫѿεؿҶ˳ùһӵܽ뼾½ʵңôҲúѵоʧ
ɿóԼĹԣͼԼʶĺڿͰæȴû뵽Ϣȥ
ڣڿ͹ȫܵ˷
֪Էµļ³ж಻˼飬֣ɫࡣ
ڿ͵δ̫ˣ
Ҷ״ޱȽţ˵ͶǰСʣôôˣǲ½еѣǱߵͶˣ
ûע⵽ԼʵܺҶ죬ҪǺڿôܲǵ磬ʶߵͶ˵һըס
Ҷ۾ˣôˣ
ضͶ˵Ŷǡ̫ˡ
Ǽʱ͵켫󣬵˵񣬽ͳΪ룬ʦҲ٩ԼũǼֱһֶصԣЩġЧġԤϵĴᱻͺͳĳ˵һ
û½ôı뷽ʽϰߣкܶණ⣬ⲻܿĲ֣ھ쵽ڿ·
ʦʦ̫ˣϻʲôǼʦ𣿣
ѧ
ҶãȻؿżÿȥĺѣϡͿתͷҪѯʼ½ʲôȴƼ½һ˲Ĭˡ
½ܶӣеġ͵ġġĮġ̵ġŭġ˷粻ģÿһֶз飬Ҳ֪½úܺáʶأû⸱ȴ޲˵ӡ
ܲһֹǵĳޡ
ҶؿһᣬȻʶƽʱļ½е·ûʲôֵñ֣»ǵһΡ
ڿ̫
ҶĶˡ
Ѱ˼Ŷȥʮˣӵ֪ͨϽôæѶͷĺѴһ̫ˣ
һϽȥ½ĹͶֻһдˢҫ΢ַۻңʲô
½޳ָڹϣָ²Ӱʼûʽ룬ƺǾиоҶɺ룬ע⵽ȫעļ½ͻȻɣ߻һġ͵ġȤЦݣգգۡ
һ˲䣬ͶϴˢٶȺȻ
Ѷͷݺ˼´ȣʦ̫ˣ汻ץסβˣˣ񫣡ֹоǿѪڣ
Ҷ۾һҪҵǸڿǲǸϱ
˷ܵıһŤͷҶţ
кڿͽֽİ⻵˹أ
Ҷȶż½ڻش𣺡½˵Ҿ塣

½ǵЦһ϶ҪģϽûżǡ档

34 34

Ҷ, ±Ƶؿż½һСģɳ
棿ϽԷλãǸ˿ô죿, ڿͺ
½üëöһ, ܵ˵ں˵ʲôôġ޹ġоԱ, ͬɪɪС׻һôȥ
Ҷ

˴ػ࿴˼, ҶͻȻһ飬͵һָ½, Ժ˵, 㿴½ģ, ûоܣʲôǶԵģ½صϰ, Ʒ, ϸƷ
쵼ĸ
., ݲľѹեı, 㵽Ƕ벻Ż
һ¸صĻ״ʦ
ҶķźƴѴɫ, ϣѹ
Ȼɼ, յ˵ɡǰʱ乫ЩרǼʦоİɣʦ¸𣿼ʦŻ𣿼ʦƽ׽ղŻǿЦء
Ҷͣ
ô, ѰҪǱ˰գգ۾
ûҶı飬˵Ҿҵ۹ǿ̫ˣҿ㵱ûɫ, Ŷ, ׳ŵȥ˼ʦ, ȻһûӴ˵, һлл㣡ְң
ҶૣʲôΪʲôʽѧˣ
ʵҩʵңʲôѵΪʲô˽Ӵ½Īѧ˵
̲סĳҭҶΣΪʲôܹѧ

ҶͰʱ½һС鷳
˵ĹԼȺܶª˵㣬Ϊ˲ʵҹԣ½òðıùսͬʱֵġˡΪʵԮ
½ǰʹΥָ֣֪ȷǷ⻷ָǷϵͳӽ֤ݺ߼ֻҪ㹻ġ֤ݡó֤ۡݣֵĶȻ󵼣ǣķӦȽټ
¾ǸϵͳҲ֪ǹŻû·ȷԼ·ûмųˣǿ˹ͼͻоڲǽ
½ϡ漫ˡ
㹷ǽҲôǽϵͳǸдƷɣ
͵ͺ½̧壬ѿħϵͳסƳ۵С۵Ҷһ¡
ˡȥ濴ϽûѵıùҪŲסˡ
Ҷ£ڵôӵվȥҾȥ½ٳһᣡ
½ֱ̾Ѷһͷʹ˵ʦʦﻹкܶ౸ùԣȥã
½ֹȥùûá
ҪǾùԣ豸Խ˾Խ֤֮ǰµùԷϵͳ
еɥŶһͶٴοˢĴ룬̲ס۾
½˼ӣſεľʦͼ̨;ùԵһƿʵҴţͿ½
һ٣Щ𺣺Ǹˡ
½粻ոպá𣿡
һƫͷٻشӿռťȡԣݸ½ǾͺţʱȽϸӣҰá
ˡ½˹Լüۣ˼룬ֱӽϵͳ̨
ٴ
ļʦŽͷؿ˿Ļȵطּ½Ѿսúãզࡣ
ļҵĹʦɫ
ŶţǿдĴ룬ôô࣡
ǰûм᲻Ǻڿͬ˻ĳԱűϽаģ
ǣǾ͹עλˮƽǿˣ󲿷鷳ܽɣϽ
⡭Ѳͬ˻Ἧ
һʶȥ硣
ɫ䣬Ѿûصλļ½󣬴Ӽ½򾲵ס
½ֻûо˵ߣսӰıùתƵùԣٴνҪߵϵͳסûʲôǸ
ڿͼˮƽܸߣҲȽϱ̨꣬Դн޻ˣܱǸʧôصƷ
˵ţ̧̧°ʾ翴Ѷ
˿ѶͶϵĻǰղųıùԣӹԲͣĽȷʵױˡ
粻ƿߣ½Ѿʾˣֻ𽵹ɨһۣôĵشӦһЩʦ׷״յ˿ùԵֿ˿ùݱĹһǱһ͡
⡢ڿǴðĴУ⼼ˮƽ̫˰ɣʮĶ֣
ʶڿͬ˻ˣû˵ôһﰡ̫˵㣬һ濸סֹ
ղǻλˣһ̨ùԳ˺ܾã
ɣ
Ǽ۾ûϹɣûϹϸ㣬ռϷ磡Ҫܾ͵øۣ
ɫһأסڿ͡
ʦ¶Ϊ֮ɫϽǲϳʵǡˮƽ̫ߣܲİóȻֲʲôпϡλĺȡ
˲֪½ʲôֻλλš
üѯԵؿ½
½ЦЦƵ˵ӦֻҪϽ׷ٵĹԡ
Ҳ˹粻ȱԣҪ٣ҾͿԸṩ١ֻҪ㡭̫ȥ
½æ͵ɨһۣŶܸлĿ
иġҪֻܿ˵һṩ
½ûоòž͵ΪֹˣڱƳµķ
ڳû֪½˵ĲԷ׷׿Ͷȴûôϵͳġ
һͷˮؿʮ룬䶸
ù԰һ̣½һԾһ˻ͬʱһɨֱֱ˵ʵҴſڡ
ը𣬻ⷭǵ£ȼ˼Сڼ
û뵽ᱻؿۼ½Ѵľˣ𡣡
ٷӦæ˰ССĻ
ʦãȻ޴վԭأͣظôըأʲôЩûֹЧѵǾͺűİȫ
½ûлشǣ̩Ȼɿ֣ûջȥͱһס
СϵĴ󡣡ĴָĦż½󣬸оݡͻ񽡿ԸеָУЦ۾ٴȾ𺣬ɼǸӣǻᵢˡ
½ÿɷֻ˵ϽѾ⳥𣿡
ǣһ⳥ģСξ֮һ𡣡
½üܾ֮֮ͣˣһлʲôûһÿ
Ǿ̫С˳˶ѡ
ƶ˵˵Ǿ֮ǾǾ֮Ϊ½죬΢΢βǣСоҩҲǡ飬˵𣿡
½̧ۿֿףЦ˵ǣǾǰɡ
ע⵽½˵㣬

ҵ粨У¾ݲ²Ѿͽصȴϵͳع顣
ֹʮӣƽȡعѸٵϵͳ٣һԡ
¾ݴ¿˼ۣɫףôֻ㣿ϵͳѵûгɹǸʵңôôûã
ϵͳ䵭ػش𣺡עĴǣйԸ֣鱨ȫѼѶȼߣ150%ġ
¾ʲô150%ǲҪ۳2.5Ļ֣

35 35

¾ÿһֶ֮ס
ϵͳȫӮԾϵͳ, ҪְǾ߱ҵߡΪߣϵͳָܹ汾ͨƶĿꡢ·ϵͳķʽЭԾȡ
¾ݶϵͳ˵ǽŽ, ϸĪʱͻȻȫУ, ôһˡϵͳǷֵķʽ¶һֺ, ǳ׶ϵͳ̾ˣӴϵͳĸ
ϧϵͳʵڲ, üλĻ, ÿһҪһ
һ뵽Ҫ۳1.5Ļ, ¾ǰһ󷢺, ŷؿڻ˺ð, ˻ֱ¡
ϵͳС, ԹԿ־׼
¾һ, վ, ʶȵȣΪʲôҪһ, ӦԼ, 촽˶, ҧĵϴԲ, ûе鷳, ղҲҷƢ
ϵͳֹͣ, ˵, ϵͳû
ҵȻ֪ûĥˣ
¾﷢һŭ˼䣬ȴӲЦţ˵֪Ҳ㺦Υϵͳⲻȥ
ϵͳ߹¿ϵͳύ룬ϵͳύΪΣյȼΣյȼﵽɳֱ׼ϵͳչ涨۳һ֣Ϊɸѡṩʵİ
һ¾ר̡ϵͳʵʽƫ󣬿۳ȫﲻ涨׼¾ҪһΣϵͳҲҪܵͷ
ϵͳҪƾԭ򣬿ûҷϵͳ뿪
´ǣ¾Сĵʣϵͳ㳷˵ʱ򣬼½ߵĸûʲô
ϵͳش𣺡ϣƽʱදӡĿƼˮƽͣû˿׷ٵҡ
ȥ˼ɵ½ǼʸԾβŻعϸڣϵͳ䵭ȴŵĿ¾ݷ
Ϊϵͳܵˬ¾Ͽ˼俿ףʵȴϵͳûˡ
ûиİ֣ϵͳʱʱ䳰ȷҲֻ
ϵͳûмߣƬ̣ͻȻ֪ͨ¾ݣһϢ
͵Ц¾һ㶣ʲô
ݷ߱йԸ֣ڼɵçײĸּڱˮƽȻϵͳĶ֣αװȴѡΪҺķѸͻ߷ռʵʱԷ˿ӡ
¾۷ֱ˫ֲսʲʲô˼ϵͳ㵽Ҫ˵ʲô
ϵͳ˵ҴصȫΪ٣ƽܺʮ˺֡
¾ľ㶵ͷԼʾ֣ɫסһһٵ˳
ʬԿǣʧˡ
ž
õļž
ѹֵ˷ıУ¾ŭ˫Ŀ۷죬պմ˼͵رһ˻ߵļС
½ϵͳϵͳô֣۳˲ֳɾ͵㣬͸Ҵһ㲻˵ûĶΪʲôȷݶȡ
ϵͳĮ˴ϣŻᵼʧܣʡ
ʡʡ¾عЦҷʡүǶԼ½ĺøиûнͶ٣Ҳַˣҵȥȷ鱨㲻˵ϵͳļܾԲ𣿣Ϊʲôһ˿ƣ
ϵͳظʡ
¾ݺͷʣЦЦſʼᣬڵϣʿ
ϵͳ޶ԣΪϣĹ౸ô棬ܵ߷ϮδʮҽԼ졣ڣϵͳʼػ
¾ݵĿȻֹŵ̧ͷͷͣζ
һȣϵͳҴˣ֪ˣߣߣҵô죿ûϵͳܼӳͨ˴ʵ˵ģ
ϵͳûлشػ꣬û
¾ݱԭһᣬһȸղŸĿ

½ʵŰæʰо֡
ֻһСƬطǵ˱ֵöʵʲôصʧһʹļ׵ָźڿͣһָôԭʧĶ
½һɨ۵һľӣֻûǽӲĶԴֻŵı顣
Ҷۿ½ƿߣ͵͵¿ˮСԼĹԣĵطƶȥ
ĺѰѶһͷŵûˣϽûпɣ
Ҷѹ֪һֱڿ½硣
ŶżʦҲһʱˣϽ׺ͼʦ
ҶֵػӺѣƴҡͷʲô֪
Ͻ½綼أʲôûãϹ°һһ½緢ˣܿѵĻ
Ĭ룬Ȼ
ϾǼʦ˧ǿ˻飬ϽΪǵ۹ҲǿġǡǸʵе㻳ҵİúͻ
ϽӦñ۾һɣ
ƽԹ⣬ڵѯҶʵһȱʦ㿴ôܲȥӦƸ
Ҷ
ؿСüӣŲطˣǣ㲻ǸɻƵҩʵҰ
ǳҶ˵ˣӦƸʦôˣǲֱ䱿ˣô＾ʦ顢ݣҪȥæɣ
Ҷľľģ
ΪҲ֪ʲôǿʵ˵úãѵҸ㣬ܣ
ֵ˵ϹʲôأֻᷳڵĹҪ顣
Ҷ㹻ˣζûأֵ㣿½ϾǸ漣ˣҲԸ¼ʵңҲܸˡ
㶣˼𡭡

мҶͰΪС̸ʵС
Ƴˣۿڸʵҹƺļ½ʣ°æ
½𴽣ЦζҲԸԼæҲ˵
¾ݵϵͳʱڷ¼ص˷ֻҪ¾鿴ݣһע⵽ʵߵ쳣
һţа÷¡ĸԸءΪæϵͳ
ϾûһܵϵͳӶĶơ
ûжԼ½Ļκ½ѪɫָطɣΪ˽·
С壬ƱϴμʱЩ
½ͣʵݣֿʼ֪ϵͳԴ룬ĵشӦһ
⼸ûôϢáɸѡҺٷŸҲˡ
ֹ˵٣յ½ߣº͵˵оҪҪжˣ¿ʼǣҪǲˣʲôⲻˡ
½һ٣̧ЦЦ仰񻹸Ͻʡ
紹ĽëͶһƬӰڵ˫ͫСڶұﲻã֪ˣԺһעṤ㲻졣
վһװľͷ˵һеضż½ϣٶ˵䡣
Ͻйô˵ʱǴЩȰİ
˵Ͷ˵㣡
½ûпϸһᡣ
˵ȴһֻǲһȷĳЩ˼ȫ޹ء
ӣ½״̬Ȥ鲻ջĿ⣬ֵ˵Ͷһַ
׷ٵ˶ԷʧλãϽϵ𣿡
綨ϸ»ǵŵĴӪǸĿǰڱ߾ǵĽӡ

36 36

ӵƽ, ֻⲹһԱ㼾½⡣
½ˣûȥ˾䡰ٴνעڷϵͳԴϡ
ô, л֮ɫ, ֹ, Լӱ˰ӣŵ½¡
쳣ɲ, Ǹºͣ忿½, üۼȴ˪ѩ, ɢ˲ü, Ҫ𣿡
δ, ڲԶװģæʰӵĹʦǾ, ´½Ļش
һ㹻ˡʵ©, Ҫ鷳ʦһ¡½˵
λʦ۾һ, 翪ڣص鷳鷳, Ȿǵְ𣡲, Ǹ, ˵Ǽʱ, ɲԲοһǽãǱֻ֤Լοһ, ûй
½ͷҲ̧ʹڱ07Ĺ, ̨ӳ
λʦϲл, ﶫһѷ˹ȥ
۲ѣߴҶȥѯʼ½ܲҲۡҶ͵͵ɫһֵۣ̿ذ֡
Ǳˣ
ƳҶ΢Сֺ˼ǳʺһ
Ͻ⻰˵ҶˣƵģٱŤһ˲ǿЦĳ嶯ȥ½½ƺû֮ŷġ
ݸһ񣬼˵֮ĲޣóȻ˽ӴʵҵĻܷ̫ˡ
аƺ˼½ڴӴһעϽΪСµġνĶڿһûзĴ룬Ҫʮӵ顣
ֻöˡ
ѹһ㣬Ǽ⼸Ҫڼ½ĲϣԷ̵ĺƤ˾ģྶͥ
ҵĴС㡭ƺϣ
½Ķͣˡ
ͷ磬ǳɫͫɢǺӣϽ˵ķǳҺϲ˵ʽ̫ˣֻǸСȫ
˼Ҷ˵ֻһ㣬Уȴ
Ǽľٶ
䴽ʵ׸ԵŨīزʣһĳȣֻҪϲбҪ
½һسͷӺ߳һЦлĿأôһСҴӸղŲ׽ĵַȡһЩ˼Ϣƺǰ֪ӵ٣Ϊһһľ֡Ҫһ̳ȶģ𣿡
Ϣļֵ㹻ĸҲͶұˡ
ЦȻɢȥӿУģøõٶЩľ
û˵ıǼ½鱨£Ǽ½Ŀ£Ϊ׵˶ף鲻á
ǳá
Цһ統ż½վζ˵ǣܺá

Ϊ½ʵ޸ǽĹʦ뿪ˡ
ǰʦĽʺ޵Ҷ˺þãҶëëģǽС¡
½̫ܴ漣ˣܸоԺѹܴӡ
ںǴЦҶɿתƻ⣺½½磬ǲѾ׷ٵǸڿ͵λˣǱ𣿡
½ؽ˵ٵַҲ˷Ѿ׷ԷʵݣϽӦòҷѾ
ҶɰͰ͵Ŷ½磬ղǹϽ˵Ǹ˭Ϣģ
½һȻֻǸͨоԱϽ׳ôġӵĹȻҪˡ
˶ɵҲ𣬾ͲҪΪԱˡ
Ҷ
ǲʩ˵ʲôǶԵģҲҷ
½õЦ˼ͶεĹԣ۲תϢǸ٣üĿȴȻȾҡ
ȥʣµݹһ¡˸ˣҽӴһ¡
Ҷʶʵſڿۣûˣ
½Ƣ˵ȥɡ
Ҷͷ뵽ʵݣʵӦȥһ߹ˡ

ԷԹ꼾½ָʹҶḶ́Ĭ˺üӣͨԺͼ½к
ãܱǸðش
½֣ðùˡ
£
½ղŲҵķǽҲҲ
£˵ĺеȷʵòʵҵšˡֱԣļʱеġ
½ЦһзߵļҲǸʱеġ
൱ҵĸһλóƶϵţ
½Ҳڳ֮ϵš
£ǣǶԵġôҾֱŰݷõĿˡϣٶһŵļҪΥһ̶ȫ׼򡣡
ʵȫͣ½ϾдĴʱˣ֪ͨ滹ǵеġ
½˹˼֣Ը£Ҫף˴ֻ
£
˵ĺеŶ˵ˣҪв۵͵ԣҲᶯŭ
ԼȫǼʵкļһ飬Է½˼½ı⣬˴Υ˸ļΪ½ʵҵĺڿ͡
Ǹظ֪½ʵҵ˷ǳܵشҵϢҺڶʱ׷ٵ
½𰸣ҵȻ֪ԷöԸĿǰּԷǵŻһϵ
ºθеػصֻҪΥȫ׼ҽʵʱ׷ٺһκʱ֪ͨ
½ộλ桢бԣԺһ׼׷ٵʵ鷳ˡ
£鷳
Ȼȷʵ鷳֪ΪʲôܾλĻֵֹġ
Ӧû͸֪Ŷԣ
ԼԼжˣһ½Υ׼ĵطһɱҼ⡣
գûԼﲻԣֻýζԻĸ֪дݿ⣬ΪرĿ
½Ը£Ϊϵ⡣
ֻǧûǧշĵôдҲ޵ġ¾ǸϵͳǲдƷ˵ˣֻҪĴ̫࣬Է¶пԷβ͡
зʱʱ̼̿أ¾ϵͳʲôѡ
ʱһңиǸϵͳ
Цݽȥ½̾˿
Ծ˵¾ǴԽľͺˣֻҪ¾Ҳͽˡٲã¾ݴصǷǷ⻷ҲãϾ⻷ûжܣѡȡһûвתƵҲȽ׷֡
ΨзǷϵͳ鷳
ĿȷܽϸߣЯڵĽָһõһ̶ȣͻԹĻٻǣϵͳпһзһûвɹѰңҪѵǷǷ⻷ļʮϰٱ
½֪¾ϵϵͳҪʲôⲻ
ݼϵģϸ鷳
浱½ݵӾͶ
΢΢ۣ½Ƿ챨棬ĥһҽУа˳ɰձȷʵֽš
ҽĳЩС֢״ٿ˼飬¾ݵϵͳ޸ĳЩ
ϵͳļܼҽȻ⡣
¾ֵزֱҪߵû뵽ҽҽӲȫȷҲŷḻľߵҩѼȹˡ
½º
Ȼµʦ½ŵˡ
¾ݲ½ʦϵͳĽָƻߵˣ㺦ߣ𡪡
еʱ䣬ǣ档

37 37

½Ǹǳ, һгͱˣȲҹҲ֡ұǳˣǻҶ, ɴ˿ɼǸʲô
ҷ¾ݵϵͳֻǵһ, һҪȷϵͳָˡ
˭Դҵо仰˵, ҾҪ
½ݵҶʱҼˡϧҶĺǻʦ, ȻʵݷҲѾףֻҪϵͳǰʧܼ, ½еǰ취÷ַ
ϧʦҽ, Ȼ½ź
, , Ҫһһڳ, , Ҫһһ, е͡
½ЦЦкҶһɸѡ

½, ˳, Ȼûҵ˴»ǵйܵ, ȴֹⷢУյĴ鱨빥½ʵҵĺڿйء
ԱȣȷϢͨȫͬ, źʧĵص㶼ܵش, õǵԲ塣Էһһ۵ظ, ȡϢ㹻ϸ, ΪУܿΣա
˼ӣȡҩܡǵǧ˿ƵϵͬʱҪֱҶε׼֣ڿͱˣθڲС
УҶγʱսΪûá
ʱǻû̳˵λãŶ䵭ĵϵ⣬űؽӭΪȹλҲΪάȶҶź󵱻ӦֶξסҶΣЭɶԹУӪȣ˶Ĺۡ
ֻҪһ첻Ȭ̳˵ĴھҪ
ҩо̱ӣͬһʱ£ֶδĳЩ˵£Žֱҡ
ƻһһǼСЦһСˣҲŵˡһϣҵøлǸˡ
äϹȴ˼¡
ԷʣϵȶϽǷҪϽ鳤鳤ͨϸϢ
䣺ͨͬʱܵشŷЭս󡣡
Է£ˡšлظֱ˽˹ԡ

˸߲˼ǾԲָʹĺڿĿĽһҩʦύר롣
ӵͨе˶ӣָȥ顣
ȻҺ粻Ըϵˣҹܶˣ
Ͻڹй𾴣ų⣬Ϊĺ֮һҲù£׷ף
ƽǲ̫£ôҲģֻ˻᲻ܵӰ졣ӷ㣬һɵĵطҷŹ𣿡
ϽЭս󣿼Ȼǲܲ٣ԴȥӦУ
ӵģĸǵŵô󣬾Ȼүүҵĵ̸ҰȥӰ콢ȫˣ
һʱ˸߲㶯ƵƵƽʱôעҴµ˶ᵽϢ
¾ݿԼΪ϶ηʧܵϢ˶ЩãȻ
ԼԼֻΪԼĴġ
ϵͳˣʧȥ˼ܼӳ֣ѾųɹͨһѾûʵҵƸˡʵҺϤоʮ־ϲΪܿԼڻҫ۹ʼҴѧ۵ľһˣ˭֪ϵͳ˯ǰĴ޷ȡòͬһСĳԱ
ѧУԵԣм˸ϸݣʵвοϾûˡ
˭ȫǵòοЩϣ
ϾЩЩûϣ¾ԼҪһֶ˵壬ôܸȫ
ƫƫ¾ѾʵҵʦԼȫµġԼߵ˼·ʦҪʽȣѹҪҹҹʧߣ˶еˡ
ѹ֮£Ҹߣʶǡ
ϧȥϢʯ󺣣Ī£ѹû߳ȥ˵̬ˡ
סصйԴͷ
ˣҲϵͳˣʲôʱϵͳ
޵ذʱſͻȻ
Ӧ˺һӻججȥţʲô£߾ͳʾ֤ʾԼǰȫˣϣϵ顣
¾ŵɫˣϡͿ̲飬Լͣǵǰг
ȫ˼ʶ㣬鶼ûһ£Ҳ˵Укøеģ
¾Ӳ˺һľľصͷǣҶһЩøСǱϾͱ˲һ
ȫ˼һ㣬¾Щۼ뿪̲ססǡ
˼ʡô𣿡
ȫƳһۣûУִΪ˱ܵϮ޹ԱϮߡϮ»ǵţǳ̣Уй¶ս٣ƹڻԡ
ֵĴ𰸣͸ڰѪȡ
¾ޱȣãȻվԭأûһ
ȫ˰Դûʲô򶨵ǡ
¾ݴһƬհ׵ؽߣϷһ̾صڵء
ˣԣû³ʲôӢۣҧгݵصͺҪʱԶﲻæܵҵļƻҪʲôã
޵ô˼µ棬¾ʹȻһͷҲȫûáǸܺõĽڡ
ԽԽԼİ취ã۾
ɿӵ¾ݷ䵹ҳαװ׵ĵߣԼ㲲ַһƿ䷽ҩͨʵʦͨѶ
ʵʦֵĵУزͣǸü
е㵣ҵʦ뼸졪
û˵꣬ҩЧ¾һͷԵڵϣû
ʵʦʧɫС£С£ѣˣûʶˣû֪ģ죬Ƚиȣ

¾ݻ赹ʹŴڶоҩƷ˵Ϣš
СЧʾˣż칦ɸѡ˽лļʱûʲôӡ
½ϽЧҲܾˣǰȥɸѡʹ˴ҩƷѵҩоСȫֹͣͷתҩã
ͻȻһЩȨ֮µ֮١Һܸмô˽ҩСĳԱҲҪллǰ֪ǵĴ
½Щȵü˼ʵǼϢ
ҡͷĿºһ㣺ЩѪԣƴŲмҲҪϮĶͯѧˣΧǵвûб¶ս٣ΪԮȡ˼Ļᡣֻϧʵ̫ȻҲ˵ôء
˵赭дʵǳ⡣
֫ΣǼҽѧǷַӵ飬Ӱ쵽ʡǰ;״̬ģǵעһԪء
ֶػݻ壬ΪһȫܶķˣʱȫԼδʲôĬһ˿û׵ʧԭȴѾеΪ֮ŬΪΪһУӦ
ѡ򣬼ʹӴꪳɳҲԥڡ
½Ĭ룬Ц
ϣļ۹⻹ûõҡǵȷǸҲûпȡ֮ǵĵףжԹҵİΡ
Ǳ¾Ӱ죬ҲĽ̵£ܹΪһϸľų
ܿΪǵİˣԼһȫʩչʾϺͰ»֡ΪĴõ·
¾ݺϵͳ˼߱ùδ
½۾˵ûϵ۵ĥʹࡣˣһһһֻ

38 38

, û˴ӳʮȫܡ
½ܱ촩ѡгΪָߣԣҲһйδ, ܹĴ, ࡢû볾
ڵһ൱ļͥ, ȴûӡ
ĳϴ˵İĶӣĸŵڵĶŮүǿѧ, ûʲôȨƣһɹȻøʢǿ, ŻֶξƭȡŮ, ĸȢš
˻Ǣ, ż½ĸ׼ļֵե, һҡһΪ߾ҵҵͬʱ, Ҳʼĸռ˸׾ñطĳλ, ί˳յµĺӡ
ʱ½ĸѾ, е
½ĸΪ˸λ, ֱӰѻӤļ½ĳ˼Ľֽǡ
ĸײ֪, ΪǺͱķһ˹, أûþȥˡ
ǰץɷ, ѯʶûһ
½ĸ׵Ȼش, ½ĸҲûܱ۾
ʱ, ˼½ĸ׺ү, û⼾½½ûбڽֽǣǱĵĹ¶ԺԺ˻ȥ
кױڹ¶Ժ˼꣬Ȱĸ
ĸְͨͨͨʡԼҲҪ½õһС½ѧ츳͸õѧȤࣻ½ԻȤǾ취½ʦμӸ־ṩ֧֡
ǻǺ͵ĸĸǸ˼½ӵеá
½ܰǣСѧ꼶ͰҪõĴѧΪɫĿѧң˶֪ĸĺãŲǵĸ
Ȼ޳½ʱ֢
͸ʹ࣬ҪڻǮ½ԸĸĸȤĿ֧ʹˣĳɼõĸСýѧ𡢼ѧӷѣټ˽°˲ε棬½ԺûйܼҪǮ
ȶʱ֪ô£ͻȻ񻯣軻ơ
.Դѵã½ĸֲͨʶ̫ˣֻ漣֡
ɺֲɺϵģ½ͻȻʱš
Ǹ쳣װģˣ鲢ïرһʧʮĸ׵ʹ;ϲӼѴѰҺӵġ֤ݡ͡жϥлƽ𡱵ĸмһȡ˼½ĸΡ
ǰ̽½Ӽ½е֪֢ʾԸæѰ.ԴǿӲذĸƴǡ
Լ½ĸ˵С£ҪΪ׼涼Ҫǵ½Ͼ͸ˣѧϰܵϸɩңҾȰؼչˣ綼úܡ
Ҳʳӣ˭ϵ½Įʲôز
һرӵĶӲǳλԭֻµĴӻʵࡣ
½ĸۺӣʱǾȷʵ㣬չ˼½˵ҪúӵģڴӦ
½׽ӻؼȥʵرʾҺҲܸмĸһûһŮҪҪĻؼգǺԺ˵
ʱ½ʮ꣬ùϺ꣬ΪΪĸ鿼ǣԸʮĽ
׵ºͿĸ׵ͰȣǼ½ʱõӡ
˭֪һжǼ
춹ĵĸʵı컹ÿμ½ѧУʲôѳȥĶ棬ﶼŻҫ
ƾʲôأ
һĶ彡ȫҪಡĥѧܾ˶ܺѳˣԴȡ
ԽãԽޡ
Ӱٳûе壬ûа취
½ȹ߿֮ʡ״Ԫݱˮľѧ¼ȡһСѧʱµĵһ׳־
Ǵһʱˡ
̨ĲɷáѧУĺĸٰᡢĸϲЦտס˽ڳޡ
ʻŽһ͡
زһȤС飬ڿѧǰһ죬յʧܣųȥϢûΪ˱ʹ࣬ĸҲΪܲ˴ͻѪȥˡ
һ̣½ãȻģһ¿ˡ
޴ѰȴӦüǿȥ¡
һҲδ֮麮ġ
½㱵ϸװŵĳûҽԺڰ·س˳
Ϊִŷ֣ʲôסʲôĸסʲô磬һȺ
ĸաүûҵĿ౻Сĸ硢ĸڸ׵Ķɡ
ĸ֪ĸҪʲôȴΪһİݷã϶̸Ϊĺ󻼡
ȫ
½Թ졣
촩˾˾ǿҵԹҵ½ʱ½Ѿʧȥǵ
ò½ŵֻҪ½ܿ촩ֵͻĸ׺үҸĸһ޲ֵַϡ
½ӦˣʼշתڸָͬԹСأࡪ
һߣйδһһУ±ҵǰҵʹڳ֮С
Щü½ʲôǺޣյȻҲûʲôá
㹻ɾͺ󣬼½ص˵׵һҡСһңһһȴѹߣȫûܣ˷ͥ
Щӷɡ̤ˣȻᱻд̡
Ϊ漰ϰǱѶḺ́ȽϳѺ޾ӳ˼ΡԺоһִСһִ̻ʱǳ˴δĿ
ѾĲƸ鴦ûգһȺۿһµĵط޴Ǳѹ֡ڶӣ鴫챻ͬΪﷸ˲һӵĺͬһӰѺֻһƬǽ塣ٺҪһƽ˺˲
㹻ǿǼڼȥȴЦȥ̽ǵļ½ʱҲšˡһֻŵط衣
װ軹ЩܲˣɲŹǡ
ִк𰸼ڶӣɹϸͷΪαһ
½ϢЩ˵ĹǻңһĸĹĹɽ¡
֪Щ᲻꣬ҪЩð
ҪѡܴҪǵڶʱǲݺģŶµǼ˰
һУżҲ
ǿߣǧǧδֻۣһ˲顣

ҩƷ鵵ѵµļ½ͻȻЩį
Ư̫ã޷أûȻƣûͣ½ŲɣҲûпԱܷĸ壬ΨһһԮֵ˻潻ȫһ˹ͷߵβ
ϣ߻ع˹ȥʱҲ
ĳ𣬼߻ᷢиǰ˰֣ļĶûг׵丯ࡣ
϶˶٣½ͷվһߵ磬üͷ塢üһ㵣ǣ̲ס䴽ǡ
Ͻڵӣ
ǰݾܾȴḡش˴½ֱüͷøɫ⣬ֺҪϢ٣ϵΣ˵ϴȥ顣
½סĻͷûҪֻеˣϢϢͺá
һѰס½ļʩɾסĶϢҲãҲáСܲ˽ˡ϶ıһ߬һʧ

39 39

˵仰, תͷ٣ȥ
ע⵽ԼϽæӦһ, ȼ½Ӧ, ʵȥ
½Ʒζ, 磬˵Ͻ, ӡ
治ɫսָס½ļ, ˫ֱֱ½У, ǵ
Σ
Ҫ, ûеò, Ҳû˾ܾˡ
½ȷ, λϽ, ȷʵǸ̫ˡ
ż½, ûκһϸ΢ı飬½ƺôȥ, ΢Щ, ü½ܹо۾
С, ҴӺСʱ֪ĶֻԼץˡ߬, ܲκˡκ¶ߡֻҪһ, ҾͲҵıͷ
ʹղֻж̶̼ʮʱ, شӼ½Ͼ쵽ƵϢ
ĸȥ, ǰҲ˸Чȥ֮Գټһţһһ·նߵ졣
ǧٸҹλأ綼룬Թľ֧ľ棬
ûеó𰸣Ϊһʼͱѡ
ҲһҪһ𰸣ΪʵںԼʲô
Ϊһֱƽᶨֱ̬죬ˡ
ԼԲҪһѡ񣬵½һѡĳһ켾½ʱ򣬴𰸲εġѡ񡱣ǡѡҾöԵġ
½Щض翴˼룬ģҲ롣
ûеó𰸡
͹ڴԮֵʱʲôҪģԼȡھﻹָСУҪ÷Ҫˣûʵж߶һѡ񡱡
һֺ顣
ǽҹɫ̫½ͻȻãȻҪĲ
½һмɵһɰĿơһϵҶõҩƷϱǩá
ҶûղŵĻʣ½Ҫȥģ
½ûţȥһԺ
ҶʱŹΪ޵ؿ磬̫ȻʣҪȥ̽𣿡
½Ӧһ£üԺƣ
ɢȥָ⣬̲˵ƶһ
½ͷҶ˵ȥһ壬̽Ҫ˶þͻȰѱǩãǾͿʼо
Ҷûֲںȥǣ͸߸˴Ӧһڿظɻȥˡ

һһż½뿪ʵңһ칫¥ţʹӿռťóһոµĴ£ڼ½ϡ
·ܺʵڡڶëߣһůĸо
ҹСע塣˵
½΢˳½ע⵽·úȤζЦϽ׼ͦˣ
粻ɫСˣʦĶá
С½Ŷָⵯ˵ëߣ鷳ˣһӪҩȥü˵ʲôֱ˸ƣƴǡҲо߽ȲҪ˶ã͸÷ҩˡڴ֮ǰ뽫״̬
һոߣ⻰һĿĵء
˼ǻҩֱƻ֢ҲǲҩʹͨҩʦЭĳ飬ûнйٴ飬ǲǡе㲻ף
Ƴ˸߸һۣ½ȴø߸⣬ش˵ٴǱġȵٴûϽɵȲ𡣡
߸еԻ󣺡Ͻûж񻯡
½ϽƵߣ桭һЩ£ҽȷʵءϽҽ𣿡
ָ˺氲ŵ¡
л˵ʱʹɸѡæ½ͲµһԳȶģûñĵ˷˻
ֱ˵ȴЧѹضС
ھվȽŸƤӣĸǲӲӥ粻ʲôûа취ȡЩ
δжģϵеĵϵھų̳˻Ե£ﶼҪֹôһ°¡δȻúĺúʾһС
½̾һϽʶˡ
ǸˣԱ˺ݣԼҲݡ
ֻǺˣȶ˾ƣճеʹֻԼ
ƵӪҩܻʹ࣬ٿԱ֤粻ÿһ¾ͬι⡣ӪҩܾȻѾעһµһƿҩƾͲжϡ
о뾡졣
ż½ӿŴδֹȺСġ
ԡ
һͨ˿ͿԼԸ⿪ϲˣôܲܵ
½û磬ֻ˵ĲȺܶ˶ҪӣԭʼҩʹȽϴ󣬳ʱҲȽϳֻǸСûѡ񣬵Ƕʮ֮ڣһɶоҩһ̶΢ơ
ʮ졣
⼸ҩоļޡ
һεõ½̬ĻӦͷ˹Ϊ½ں½ָⴥ½գԸ߸ٰѳٵ㡣

½絽ԺʱҽѾӼϵſڵˡ
ñ˼ڰ߸ٸ͵ؽҽԺż½һ顣
ܿͳˣ½ûʲô⣬еЩмصơ
ҽǸҽƼ¹վǰĲʲôʲôλͷһѵҪʶ󲻿ɡ
½ʲôˣ֪ԼˣҲҪžĲġ
ҽֱӣûٴż½߶һֵĻʿҴ̽ͷһ
ΣǸˣͬ˵Уicuſڲߡ
ҽɫһºˣô£ܣԼùǰɣûа˰æ
ʿί˵ѽͬ˵赹Ϊ˵Уµ̫Ҳ̫ǿ
ʿ˵˭鶼ûһ£Ǽ½¶
»赹·ǲе죿
ҽȻҲ˻䣬ݺݵ˼½һۣ˵ѡִͷУҹȥһ¡ҿҩһҽƻ˹ȥҺžС
½ɵسҽգգۣάġͬС׻̬֪ˣʦ
ҽɫˣŭվŻʿˡ
Ϊ뿪칫ңͲٿ½ıݣû뵽icuſڣȴһҪˤıݡ
ûб˼Һֻһȣһˣҡ¾ۿ΢죬ţЩ˵ȥˡ
ҽĪθЩܣҽְҵ²ƫһѹ²ʣǰһ¾ݡ
ҪԴϢԼ塣УĿǰҲʺ̽ʵڵģǿ֪ͨ㡣
¾ݲᣬ̧һ˵ҽı˲е㽩Ӳ
ҽûע⵽취Ȱز״ͷһʶʲô

ǸڿҽԺ
ǡ
ɫ˲ҰһƬҩЧûҩһα¾ʶһҡҡ׹غӦһһͷԵڵء
ʱ
һȺæǰ¾ݼ飬ڣicuֳֵ顣
ΣղУָͻȻߣﵽֵҪѹˣ
ȫٿȻž

40 40

ҽԱԻ, üüͷͷʵ벻ʱѡ
˵÷ǳء
ǵעԪһ, ǼͷֶȻ, Ϊɷ, 󲿷ָȾ˥ܵĲ֢Сõǿﵽ, ʹ١ôǼһ
ǵûֱҪǵ
Щ, һֱԾǰ, ÿһӡֺ˹ǵ, ܵش֪ٺ, ҲСˡ
ǵ޵, ȥ̫ˣ
ǵ˶ؼ, ʩ˺üֿ, ׼ǳþȴһ
ҽԺ͸ж⡣
Ǹȫٵ״̬, ʮλרҶԤ, ڵָָʮ쳹Ѿý
ǵ, ǵָ껹ڵ͹ǻҪ, ̫ˣ
һʱȷǷ漣ǻعⷵ, ҽһ, ֳһչ¾, ɵظȫļ顣
ȥһΣЩߡҪȫķɡͨεЭеļûɣĿõϸרһûзκ⡣
鲻ԭҽǲҷɾ裬ۼһùһ죬˶ûϵ˴󲿷ȬʱҲֻܵóںתĽۣСϸע
Ϊ¾ݻ赹ǰֵ鲻ܣ˽ԺЩ˻ǡ漣
ϽҽǵȻֽͣû֤֧֣ô¶ۣ
మԵԻǵСϢɣ⻰ʹͼ½Ķ䡣

˵ζԷҲûпܡ
ԶԣŵʱڲǾкܶ¡ĸŮֲֺҸоࡣ
ô˵УǶе˼
ʿ̸ЦŴҺſ߹½ǵĶԻȤֳ°͡
Աߣ仯˳Ȥ
½ͷ磬̹ϵ˵е档
ԺҽҽˮƽܸߣȻҲѴΣơǶ޲߲֢ûֻΪĳһʹȺתڼ½Уÿһ͸Ρ
ָĦ°ͣ½ã¾ݺϵͳ̫ˡ
ѯ¾סԺʼĩ½ȷԼĲ²⡣
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֮ԼϽ⳥Ҹ˻ۣھ͸Ժȥ졭

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ӡΣԽϸߡҪεЭ֡
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41 41

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42 42

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43 43

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¾ÿĹˡ
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¾ݲҪûԼһֱܻ
Чһֱá
ذڰ֣ϵͳɾ͵صڻЩܿԼأ
ϵͳ˵ʱȫ޷ϵͳܿɼء΢֪š׷Դ͡Ĳá֣ÿֵȼΪһ
¾ݵɴ۾һڻҫ۹ʱǰѼˢ˶
ϵͳĮ˵ضܵǰǶøжȵ40оɹǺøжȲжȫ
¾ݴ죺Ϊʲôң
ϵͳûʡ
ûʣûͲ˵𣿣ô£ô£ÿΡÿϵͳ
¾ǰһһ󻨣ҲܲסŭصĴ˫һһ£һ¾ͻʹȥ

½ʵҺҶûоʹ嶾ҩƷϸˡ
½λڵϽѵеͷֻۣһƿƷ
ȻСǺ棿ȻĿǰֻһƿ
⻰ֱضϢƫƫִһ繵ζʲôҪһȡ
ҶһվźشҩͷƤ飬ССˣֱվȼ֮߲ͣ½Ų
½磬ڱ仰ͻƷߣһɨſϼӳףôһζ
ԣڵζ
סЦ΢һ²Ȼأ
ûָܵõ½ĻӦͻȻôһ䣬һ絽½ǰ΢΢ס½۾
СҪģҶܸ㡣
һθǰκһζ뼾½棬˴˶ܸܵԷȵĺ
½üһִ򣺡Ͻǡŵ
ӺһԵĵЦСѵˣŵᲹһУ
˵ţְסԼͷġ½ָ֣Ħ½ֱļӴһϸ΢
½ûг֣۾ЦøʣҾ͡ĿԴ
͵һڱصãǧҪգۣúÿҡ

44 44

ͼ½˵Ż, ˴̩ȻȴԶԹ۵Ҷе㲻֪롣
⡢⡭½ѵǺ˸ˣС, ⷽ, ½˻ô, ۹ͳһġ
һ飬ĵ⻰ǧϽ, ȻϽҪ硰ǹȻһԡ֮ˡ
ǰûĸ˹ע˵ȫ˼Ŀ׷Ѱ, ҲΪԴ½, ǿƵı𽥱¶, ߸Եĸı, ÿ춼ԼϽܿһ㡣
Ȼע޷ʵˡ
, Ҷò̫Զ, ÿ, Ȼȡ
⻰˵Ĳԡָ
½ü, ʣﲻԣ
磺Сڵ۹ɱǰҪúܶࡣ
½ЦЦ, ϴŲεġԼ𡱡
綡㲻, ǿ佱ǻ¡֤ʱ㹻Ľ𲭡˵, С
ضʱ, ּ, Ѽ½Լͷ˰
½ش𣺡ǡټĶһġ
ô˳Ҳû˭ˡ
һ, ûǿ˳ɿָȴ½°ͣ⣬ʲô
СҪǵԼ
úÿңٹע޹ؽҪˡ
½ĵͷŵġϽûµĻҪоˡ
ᣬٽĶ£ʹٸ뿪
ҶĿǵıӰԶȥһתͷ½°Ͳ֪ʲôʱһ飬Сѯʣ½磬ڼ飿
½ع񣺡ɣרˣһȥϽ˽ҩоСһˣ˵һ΢עȰ
ҶæӦ¾õ嶾ҩպã漾½صʵо

𿴼½Ҷֻˣгļ½İ£оɵúܿ졣
Ŷʮĵύרϣ½еϧҪ¾ݵϵͳûܰѷץæˡ
Ҫηûв룬´ķݡ
ĥһ֮ôϹ½ܿתעҩСϸ̽΢ҩ
ҩСзҩţ᲻÷ż½뿪һ۰ͰΧ⣬ʱٻ߸߸ٹҪԹصҩʦǶŸ̡
ٺ͸߸ҲΣڼ½ʱ׳ǣûٺ͸߸ټܿѡ
߸ʮָж
٣
ǣϸѣϽû׷أôҴ
߸٣㣬ⲻǳǺϽпɱԣ
٣ô˵ڷϳ̳ǰϽʼǵӵİˣ⻰˵ȥʵڲ
߸һѪʲôˣ˸ʲôϹ¸֪м֪֪Ҳв֪ϴμרƲǣôϸܲ鵽
˵ѾǷˣôܽӵ۲ʶ񣬵Ķھһôˣ
۹⣡
ϽںЩô𣿡߸ٿúףӦϽԺϽͼӣԼô̹ôαع˵ʲô
Զԡ
߸ټٻеȥǸ˵㲻õģӰ첻ʲô֮ǰרĺҸģʦЭĴʦǶԹԿǴúܣ˵ҪתУҩʦЭԹҲúܣҪҲᵢôꡣǵͨ˲һֻҪǲ˵ʲôžͲܵӰ졣
ҪܰѼ½סЩƤֻ˫ͬ±۵㡣
Ȼһ½һˣȥЧô죿
ȷʵͷ
ʱ֪ŶΪҡźʿųͷȥ½ǽš

ҪǽǵҩʦЭĻ᳤
＾½ύӪҩרʱͿʼע½ȼ½Լύ˻ҩר룬Э߲㶼ױȵӣٶȶרˡ
Աپλ飬һΪ½зĻҩԽȼߡѶȴеˮƽи߶ȿɲԺʹԣǷǳɫҩύרļ߼ʵκ˶Խ֤ڼӷ
ҩʦЭȷ涨ҩֹû֣˻ҩܷ־ʮţӦר
һҵȻûλҩʦʡ
½СѵˮƽѾЩ϶ˣΪʲôЭпˣ˵Ҳûнлʦ֤ǲǡ
ĳϹĶ˵˰
⻰ҩʦҲЭ᳤˾ӡ
ǵã½ǰΪʦˣ㼾½֪Ҫˣ֪
ѵ½Ǳ˵ˣԸ˽Ӵ
Э᳤ԽԲԽ⣬ר˽ͼ½һΣίѯʼ½ǲʲôѴ
½ʾԼȷʵ̫ˣ岻ãʵڲʺϳ;档
ֻһġԱÿʵϲͺ𣿸ʲôҪѾȥ׼ԣ
ǼʿԺ鷳ǱʵС۵ġ
½˵ĴԲѣҶòԼƿ飺ʵҵҩʦЭҲһСʱĳ̣ȫ̲½ʲôôϳ;棿⻰˵˭Ű
Ҷ̸ͣû뵽Э᳤ľˡ
ԷǸԣҾȻĺ֢ϺͿˡҪɣֱӴԱȥһʵң㲻̫ԶͿԽпˡ
Ҷ
᳤ѣ㿴һ½㿴һ·߲
᳤ѣûҶֻͨЭ֤ҩʦʵܵõܶŻݡ磬ԺʵҹģҪ豸˲ţͲҪ鷳ѻߡֺȥֻҪЭ룬Эͻǣߴšоʽ㣬ҲύĿ룬Э·
ǵļ½ԸܿˣϲЭŻߣԽ˵Խ޲˳Źҡż½Ӧˡ
һӣ
ɲûʦЭЩ϶ˣ
ˣЭܶܶร
Ҷһң
뵽½Ǹ漣ˣûʲôġ
½ϸиؿҶӦ
Э᳤ʮο佱½䣬˵ЭĸһֱԸΪЭĳԱܻø֡
ҩʦЭǸġԹҩʦάҩʦȨѪҺ֯Ϊְķӯ֯ͨԱܹκελĳԱΪЭͨλְ⴦ʱԡ
½ΪĳԱͲΪŷЭ᳤ȷǽš
֪ڱּ½顣
½һڼԱ£붼û;ܾ˻᳤룬ֻͻ᳤ö˿˵ӡ
Э᳤еϧ½ôͬμӿˣҶͨѶ͵ͨ˻ʦЭ᳤ͨѶԷҫ
ʦЭ᳤Ľ۾ˣһҩʦЭ᳤Ϊϲһŭװͨҫôþˡ
ĥ죬ˣҲҩʦЭ϶ˣתͷһͨѶǡ
ϽҸո˵ҩʦЭŵǽǰ
̧ͷŶ

45 45

ʦЭ᳤һ״൱λ, ҩʦЭ᳤յӡǿضסѹתͷ½ʱٴΰʾΪЭĳԱкܶܶô
½ٴκԥؾܾ
˵ʵҪûĲ, ͷйݼˡ
ʵҺòһо, ҲõЭ֤ĸ߼ҩʦʸ, ʱḺνˡ
ֻǸġĲ, ˵̫ˡ½ҡϣֱ׳˵, ô, ͸ʵҹģ, ץΪҳһƬ졣
Ҷһ
½ղ˵ˡץְɣ
½û, ˡ˵, ǸȥҼӢһʵԱṹ㲻ʵҿյ𣿡˵, еϧ̾˿, ҪĺѰǸҩʦͺˡ
Ҷ
Ǻ˵ܾ, ½⻰Ǳð֪ȽϺáҪȻ԰Ŀ, 㲻û취תгΪҩʦˡ
Ҷ뵽̲סĨᡣ
˵úõ, ʵȥ̹ӲôԼŸ½ѹեأ
ܾԵɣҶɨۼ, Ӳת˻⣺½, Ͻˡ
½Ƥû̧һ£Ŷ, ɡ
û
Ҳ֪ǲв, ͽҩʵһˣÿζҪСʱ˼½ӭһ¶
ҲǺ۵ĺ࿴ϡ
һҲ⼾½ǰֳɢеáλʵſڣߵ½ߣƽӼ½
С̬ȵûǰôˣҾúС
½ڻصһΪϽҪ˵ԽԽء
еظһʣܿȾһ繣ǰԽԽϲķ
½Цһִ˼ƿ嶾ҩ
ƿҧм͸¶ΪĳЦΪ̬׽˾üѼЦζ
ü͵ؽ˼½ġΡƿ
½ͣһʮƿ嶾ҩػظʮΡ
л佱粻ΪܣҪûͣҲüС׽ҡ
½϶һߵϣ䵭´缸ۣЦ˵ȷʵ͡Ͻôܣĸоۣ֪ҵʦֲ𣿲ҽ֡ȻǸҩʦܲɣҺҵʦһϲͬ
Ļ֢ѾأΪƽϢſܵĶȻõһƿҩ𣬼ÿ춼ʹࡣ
λʵڿȥȰ˵ûı뷨
½°ͣϽĻ֢Ƿ䵼µĻĬɵģҩܶƲ鷢չ٣ô΢ʹ಻ʧȥӪҩһ滺ãƣɽסÿġҲǸˣһ¡
ף治ɫ˵ȻҪ£ҵȻǱµġСģ־ǿ֫ϵĲʹ˵£ϵĲűȽѰ
˵˼
½ЦЦϽҪԼ
˷粻Ǿ뼾Сָˡ
½ӱǻмһߣӹҩҶȥ֮ǰƵӪҩ
ãٽҩԼ˰ӹ׼㼾½һϡ
½ֹϽӪҩõˣذɡҩС˳ڵȥ顣
̫ӣҩСҲóȻȷôҩҪμ顢΢С
紹ۿ½żзִ硣
½̲˵ǰ˵κ˲ҵʵңǰЭ᳤ΪɲзִӡѹһᲹң׼ô
ȻʧЦ½вȷʵв˵ϡ
ϣ½ԶŵӡһǸһվ˱ǰȥˡ
棬СԸ߸˵һΪϽȰ
߸ͬ˵Ͻʱܾ󡣡
Ƴһۣŵ˸Ͻվֱ壬ûЦͣ˵½һδҺǿĺܣĻ
٣
߸٣
㣬°¾°£ʲôûʵĽڣ°ֲˡ

һߣ½ɵı飬Ŀ嶾ҩϣļҶͷƤ顣
½磬嶾ҩʲô𣿡Сʡ
½üͷ⣿ɴˡ
ݼٵģôԽԽࣿⲻӦ
½ܲˣ˼ǮһƬ죬˵ëҲȷô鷳Ĵ¾ݺͷǷϵͳɵġ
ѾͶʹˡ½ܲܡȻҩʼٴ飬ҩҲճ̡
˵ɨҶϵһ磬æʵҸƸˡʱҪʼҩоˣʵ嵥ǰѾãЭݽһ룬ܲϵҿ׵Ĺ˾
Ҷһ£æ߰׵Ժݡ
ڱ¼һ֣ϸʣƸҩʦʲôҪʡ֮ûй涨⣬ҪЭĹ𣿡
½˵ûʲôرҪ󣬳ҩʦãѧͽҲԣҪˣϽǸ󷽵ˡ
Ҷ£˵½磬ѾЭ֤ĸ߼ҩʦˣгɹƸи߼ҩʦҲָӵġ
½һЦû£Ǽˡ
Ƹҩʦģδз¶ۣԼ鷳ֱҷ¹æ
Ŀת¾ύҩʦЭ嶾ҩר½Цʧ
ݽ棬ʱΪļֵϢˡ

¾з嶾ҩѾЭר
ҩ䷽ԣԽȷʵܸߣԭէһҲرܺŪˣ黹ͨ䷽ƳƷɹ뵽ר֡
ⲻζ䷽û⡪
ҩصĺ֢
ʵܶҩصĺ֢󲿷ʱ򣬺֢Ȳֵһᡣͺñڵϣһҩọ̈̄һãʱȽʹҩﱾԸһˣŴ󲿷ֻɻѡá
Ϊܾ
¾з嶾ҩͬĺ֢
½оƷҩ嶾ҩǽתΪһֲȶʡʶʱûжԣβܣͻ𽥱ֽΪֻжʣɻж
֮嶾ҩǵ͵α겻αֻΪӼʱ䡣
¾רʱȫûᵽһ㣬ģα˲ԭ˵嶾ҩһָüСġʴﵽٷ֮ʮҵҩ
ıƺ½˵
ύһר룬иϸĵСݣύһٴֹ룬ҪЭᾡֹ嶾ҩٴ飬ɸܺߡ
Ϊÿϴ̫࣬ݽʱûЭӣϢͨұܣ̾ͱԷ²׽
ͬʱһֱער̵¾Ҳϵͳ֪جġ
û뵽ôע⵽רе⣬
רԲܳ⣡һҪȡɾ͵㣡ϵͳҴ룡
ܸٴۣñסרڻҫ۹ΨһĳɹΨһϣ
ϵͳյ
¾۳㹻ֺϵͳҩʦЭϿ⡣
׼ķ²׽ȥ

46 46

, ϵͳȴû¡
ϵͳʶУֻǸ΢ĵͶ˹ܣ޷Щ߶˴ᲢֳۡһƷ, һǹݿȥ
Ӳʵڲ, µȷϵͳ֡½֮ǰݽ˾, ȫ׼ģټĵ, ϵͳûЧûݿԵͱ²ס
չ˶Ƕ൱ҵɱ, Ҷ, ҲһˢĴ롣
ŹͶһ, ½, ôˣѵкڿʵң
½ݸû, Ҳϡ
Ҷ
ϻģ
½ɻ, ְ·ķ˵, ϵͳһ˦¾һͷײڷϣۼֿ콫¶Դץȡ
ײͷתϵͳﲻԣ
ҶƶǶǲ鵽ˣ
½赭д˵ǰ繵ͨˣ
Ҷ˵ , ҸƸĻ, ˵ڸ
еǳؿż½, ȫϸŸ½ѹեܾҪ˶, ĺѰҲӲħצ, Ͼʵһȱݷʦ
ҪиӦƸʦͺˡ
½һ, ˳µϵͳĹ, ġ
Ҷ
ôһ˵Ҹ˺
Ī飬ӣЦû𻰡
½ҲҪ𻰣ջĿ⣬רĶԸϵͳ
ʵ˵ʱ䲻һӣϵͳͷٶȶǳֲյѾֳʤ²ϵͳĴ洢㱻ϵͳ̵£ûüҫ콵壬ڷȥˡ
ϵͳɵˣ½ͶĴٶԼ
½Ȥص˵ָ´ӷų˳ѹϵͳĻռ䡣
ͶϵĴͣͣһ룬عͬһֻС
½ֲ֧˼˼ˣȥøùԹ̨ãɲܱˡ
Ҷһ±ƣҪ֣Ͻľͺ𣿡
½ԣȥ
ҶãȻȥùˡ
ûһᣬ½¹ԣսֱӷеϵͳȱƣ˲ˢ롣
ܻءߣûʵ壬ڻᱻû
ԱͶŵƼˮƽĸλûôѲĶ֣
ֻǸչȽϵ͵磬ôͻ˴ڣ
Ǹߵܣôᱻͨס
裡
ϵͳĳ裡
ŨŨĲţϵͳ޷ϵʵתڰڼһֲĽϳ룬пܱλ֪ʦ
İġΪ־ĸоϵͳٲĶҵ飬ԼЩ¾ȡĴȫתΪƴȫȥ´Χָ̨ԡ
һɨͻȻĴ룬ɽùԶ䣬ʱܿⳡССıը
һз̫죬ҶûعԵըһֻжʮʱ䣬ҶûӦѾ
ĿɿڴؿĹԲк桢ıˣըϴκڿһģһ½㻹˵Ǻڿͣ
½֣ڣȷʵǡûţϾͻзʦˡ
Ҷ
ǣ˭ˣǷʦ𣿣
½޶ãԼĹͶһƽ⣺ⲻˣ
Ҷʶעһ£ȿͨѶ˵֣ٵʱͳһֻСӣ½磡㣡Ըʲô
ԱѾ𣿣
Ը¶ˣ
½һͬµͨѶһɵ˵ôˣôܶʲô
սͨͨѶ͡ôһķ£

ܸɷSǿսʿս־ʰڿ͵ļˮƽ
ǲǶԼʲô⣡
½̣̬ȸ᣺Ը£ò
ԷͻȻ̫Ҵ𻰣
½̬ȸˣôشң˵ҸղӢ۾еˣ
±ֳĬ
½Ŷ˵Ҿ͵ĬˡȻĬˣǲǸһ¾֮⣿ŵоϻо֮Ϊֻ֪
£Ҳ֪
Ҷһ߿ͷʺţ½ȵȣ¸Ǹ˹ܣǣ⡪
½һǸϲ࣬岻ͬͲˡŷ¸²᲻˵𣿡
ղż½סϵͳΣԥ룺ǵģӦġ
½صͷʵһȱһݷʦ
ʮȻܣݷѣԣܡ
½׳׼õնҶԹӲͳ춼ЩĵãǳԸԸ̽һ
˲½ںֻҪҴ򹤣ҾͰ
½ˮƽ
ߣԸߣܱܿκһ˶ߣõѡ
ǿڴùݿĺڿͣȫһܶ¥ڲһȺط˺аԵע½׬ˣ
»һת˿ڷ磺ԣܼʵңԼְݷʦ
Ҷ
½û㤵ҶĿȫɣֱ˵ְ㹻ˡԸµٴĹ˵ҲֻǼӵ顣
£
ͻȻֲԤУڷü
½Ų·ڵĻ᣺ǾôˣЭһ£ûǾǩԼ
£õġ
΢СĽһͬûκ©ʱԼղbugˣǶ֣ںͬǩԼ֡
Ѽ½ϣϸִкͬÿɷ񣬶Ҹһݿ⡣
½ڴӦû⡣ˣھһ£ҵɡһ⼸嶾ҩݣҩӦӦֹٴ顣
¾һϽ빤״̬õġ
½Ҷüɣǵݷʦλˡ
Ҷ
ۺͬ鿴ŹͶĵ½ȷǸ漣ˣ֮ǰ˭뵽أԸ¾ȻϸŸѹե
ҲҪ˶ã¸Ҳ̰ԱɻԱ
ϸ룬ȻôСڴء

ΪݿǸ򵥹ϵͳǰδеĴۺ󣬼βͻˡ
֪ԸǼ½ܵıץס٣ֺķһʴ¾ǳȡĳɾ͵㲼ȷκ˶׷ٵԾ¾ݼС
¾ݵ죬ŵʣôɾ𣿡
ϵͳش𣺡ʧˡ
¾һʧܣΪʲôʧܣϲûĶ𣿣
ϵͳƽػش𣺡Ǹնɶֲ¡Ȼ㱾˻ûб¶ǿݣΪǷļݿ⣬ǺܿܶԱϵͳһ׼Ǳȫ֡
¾ݺ޻ɵؽϵͳĽͣȻżô죿ٴѾڽУһ˲ԭ˵ȡɾ͵ˣܲά״˵
ϵͳϾҪ˺òã
겻ļܾҪˣ
¾ݼת
½оʱһֱΪˣҺͼ½ֱӶϣֻʵˢøУͬʱѰһ˵һ˵½ȡһǶԼ½ĺøС
򲻸ˣһµŬĽһøУĿǰܺøΪʮ
¾˸
ǵô£˵һ㻹һ㣡в

47 47

¾ûǸڤ粻ˡ
˶ٷ, Ǿ׼½ΪΪΪȽϹҲĻ̥пԡ벻ͨ, ڹǻɼ½ʱ, Ǵδζܸ˼·, ôһعһоͱˣ
ҪøжȲ񣬹⽵һʲôã¾ʵܲǰ, ߶Ҫѯϵͳһεô¡
ϵͳʧ˺֣ܶ¾, ۿٱ, ֻ˵, һƴӡݼڡֻҡʱʱ, ϵͳѹ, Щܷϵͳ, һáһĿж, ܵһ̶ȵķɡ
Ǻüǰ飬¾Ի˺һǰ
ʱҪ뿪ȥѧ, , һԶһ༼ϡ
ܵζӿͷ, ¾Ȼڲߣô죬εѵɲˣ½½, ǿҵİɣ
ϵͳķߺ޶ã, ϵͳĵһҪǱȫ, ܷҪ, ǷΪ嶾ҩȱݱ׷βҪǵġ
ĻȽ϶ŵо仰˵úãص䣬˷һֱΪϿ
¾з嶾ҩܿɻֺ֧ҩ˾ٴ飬һ־Ըĳ⣬Ȼйز׷Ρ
ϵͳҪͷ¡
¾ݰڰ֣û·ϣ֪ڻҫ۹ʱ׼ҵĹȥôû⣬ʱ㻹αһ֤͵Ǳȥ
һϵƣϵͳûоܾҲûϴֵ飬ӦԿ״̬͵͵Լ졣

½½Ϸϣ̲סͶϴ
ûȼ½ƤˣҪûʵ壬ҲҪûİӲ֪ĵطcpuһ˿롣
ͣһ£ÿ٣漴ˡ
ʦҪύ룬ϽæԺأҪͨύ
ȻⲻΥΪҲڴ
ֵǣ½ô󾢣յĿĸݣǰɿ
ѵҪӵ𣿣
̫ˣ̫ˣϵ࣬ȻֻİְǺˣ
½ŶһõģԺһطɷ棬Ľȼ
ߺߵرʾԼֵػѾӼЭᣬʮڻн
ʮգ̫ˡ
죬½ôá
΢΢ۣ¸£Ȥһ·һ׷ǳȤĴ롣
˵ţָô£д˸ͷ
µע̼ڴϣأأ
½ûʲô˵֪ء
³Ĭ룬òcpu½ںõĿһЭҩʦЭ룬ڵó
½֪Эܴﵽٶȣûٱȷ£ֻѣֹٴ̡
£֪зִ硣
½һͷд˼д룬ᣬϾʹŴӼ½õתȥҩʦЭᡣ
ҶԹ۷̬תọ̈̄ĬĬ˸
½磬Ҫֹʲôٴ̣Ӧòʵҵҩɣʡ
½дŴ룬ش˵ǡʵĿǰзҩϽȫȨ˸ӪҩûҺ˾
Ҷ΢½磬Ҳ֪
½һ٣֪һЩʵ嵥㿴ύ𣿡
ҶûС½㲻˵ύ
½ܵ˵˵ˣ粻ȥɡ
Ҷ
У˵ʲôʱʲôʱ
Ҷ̯̯֣үȥɻˡ
½ͣ϶ŹͶ˻ͻȻЦˡ
ˡûɳʲô춯صĴ£Ӷ¶δƻǸ˲ǳӡ󡣶ʱʲôı䣬ʱˣԽԽϤ˽磬̬𽥷ɣйļƣʩչͻǳ˳֡
ѹ˵ϲķΪⵥǾɧڿ
һ˫ء
簡½ЦһǸͷβĻߡ
˲ĲҲ
½ʱΪͻȻôһڴ
Ĳֻ鷳ҲӭȤ

ΪҶһ½Ȼ˲١
ʵһʼ֪û취һν¾أζĿȻ¾ݳ군¾ݵķչϵͳĽָ
¾ĳ̶ȣֻҪָܽ
Ǹسŵˣ˵Ҫ棬ȻҪ½ĿڴϵͳֺĴϣЦ˵ߵĳǼԼãҾǴ֣Ҳֻá
κ˶ף޹̶ˣֻԼԩƽϢҵŭ
Ϊǰ԰̺·ȴܰԲѻ
΢ʱ䣬½²ӦѾ񣬾ͱܿҶ˿촩֡
촩ֵϺյҹȾһ죬½ͨѶһϾͽ
õġ½ŭĻûг֣λǿӲĽָͷβЦеģû׷һ䣬ֻѯļڹô
ϺȫˣͦõģļǸǳ츳ˣ缸Ѿʼִʽˡ
½е㾪ȣûϢһ£ֱӿʼʽǶȰȰ
ϺǸˣ˵Ȱˣӣʮʮ㡣
½ѵ£ӦЦͦãҾͺáǺͬͬճûСţǿǼ񵽱ˡ
ϺԹؿۼ½ֱŭԡ
ʲôš񵽱ˣʮʮǸӣѵõıţǿǼ񵽹ˣ
˵ģҪȷߺͼ½겻һǶҪΪǼ½תˣ뵱½ôֵǿ촩ּȮģ½λ߾ôֵǿ촩ּȮģ˵̬ѧ˸߰˰ˣʵۣ
½һϺǵı飬Ͳµʲôͷһת׶Էôɵԭ
ԼߵͬһҲΪ˵鲻ƽ
ԸΪ·ҲԸڿ촩ΪĿ
½Цúúãҵļߣָ͸ǣǰҴ仰һ̺·Ը𣡡
Ϻе㾪ֵضż½½磡½磡ҪʲôǸ˶һĵģǲܶ޹֣
½йǰƵģ
ʱ½ͻͷǷϵͳƣŭ֮¶ûûأ촩ֳʮִ˾ĸֲ½Դһս󲿷˼ùһ½硱˾Ǻ˵ҲҪãñð
½֪Ϻǵʲôһɫ˵֪ҽΪʲôû׷ǰΪҷ˸ȤˡָָҩζţܴҺܶȤ
촩ֵϺס𾪵ؿż½֪½ͨѶŻع
ɣҸղǲǻˣ½ղŵ˼ѵ׼̸һΪȤֻдˣ
һ̸Ȥ
˵ĻǺǵģͲ
¹Ǽ٣Ǿ͸ˡŶҪļߴҸһ
Уô졣

48 48

߳Ϣ˵Ϣü½á
ҶͨѶ, ˼æռϣöĵصȴ
Ϊʵ˲, Ӱӵ㸨Э, һͽֹٴ, ¾ݺҩ˾յֹ֪ͨ˾ϰһ, عϽЭѯ
⼸켱ģЭ󲿷ֺĳԱԴ, ֱ˵, ̯ϴˣ嶾ҩȷھ޴©, Σʹ, ϰֹ֪ͨٴ顣Э֪ͨ㽫͵ļҽԺ, ⳥׼
ҩ˾־ŭ, ¾ݺ¼Ұ˰ٱ, лѣæ֪ͨԱ涨ƺ
ȫ˾˱˸ֲ, һҹŽùҩ־Ըǰ׵, һ۵۷, רзԹص
¼б꣬嶾ҩе, أϰǵ˰˱ùǮר
רȷʵܳɫ, ھ֪©ġ
ǹ˾ҩʦǸʲôԵģΣʹ, ǾȻһⶼû֣
¼Ҳǵ, ҩʦأԱҩѹһ£
¼ûʲôϵɣзһ˵ĳɹ
ԺñзߺˣžͲաзߵ˭
Աǵ˽﹫˾ϰúзߵֿ֣Эṫġר顷һЦ
ʲôȻԭ־͸ƻľ¾ֱӸȥҲٻǹ˾Բֺ˵ԺҪרҾͰͷšߣ
߶´Ӧˣʣϰ壬ǻϵ¼𣿡
ϰݺݵ˵ȻϵҪҳôĲӣҲ⳥ôǮ
Ϊ˰־Ըߵģ־ԸǩıպͬǴθ߼⳥ǳг⡣ţٶ˵⳥ǸСĿ׼ˡ
Ҳ׼Լƿ
ʧ¼ұеһ֣¼Ҳû꣡
׹˸λϰ򿪹նˣͨѶϸ磬ңǹ˾¶֪û㣬ˣʲôᣬҶˣݺԭˣԣЭǱ߲֪Ϊʲôû¼бʱҲûܴڵ⡭

λϰ弸ͨѶȥܿҩ˾֪˱¾ݿˣ¾ݾлͬʱ׷ͨע
¼ҲյͨѶ˽ǰ¾ݵĳǲȻŭٿһμ顣
ô£˶ȥˣз嶾ҩû𣿣¼ҴҳѸߣȴӲʣϣҵӲͣߣ֤ҩֵģô˵
¾ݵһۣ˵ҩȷʵóɹˣЧţû뵽ԭȻԡҲ¾ݿҲ֪ԭִ⣬һӦʱͬԱġ
Ҳ֪֪¼µҩôص⣬ԭкĶҩ˾̬ȶ΢¼ҵܵ˾޴¾ҪеҲܲˣ
ЩҪ磬Ͻһѡ
ҳ˵ùŶ׼ǾݵĸףǸٷ˵¼һᰴպͬ⳥־Ըߣ־Ըǻ¼ң¼һȫǡ¾ݵĸ׹Ӧˣ˵߿۳¼ԴضԾݵļԴбԭɸҲٻأʲôʱ˼ʲôʱ˸
ڳ˶Ӧҳڷһתƶ˼ؼĴʩɢᡣ
ͷβһҼʮûһԱӵ־ԸĻǸ⣬ûΪ¾ݵΪЭҽԺ־Ը߶Ϊ
ҵĴعϣҳոձĹĻͻȻظһмѿӣγһżЦ

¼ҵĴ´úܿ죬ЭġרЧһ͵¾
ʹ֪ô¾ݻǷǳܡ
ɣ¼ҡЦЦǲǲŲֻûΪӮҫ
ϵͳûн磬ĮѣѾʧܣ׼жĸϵͳܣ
¾˲Ĭ
ϵͳܣС΢֪šǰհԣʹԤоķչͱʣ׷Դԣʹҵогֵ⣬Ա©ȱĲáĴԣʹͨ˼·оеҵµо
ศɣȱһоǾ޴Ĵ
ԥҧ׷Դжˡ
ҷֲ⣬˻ֻܷ֡Ҫܽ⣬ҾʵҲɻȱ˲šԼֻҪʵзµҩҾͻлûؼܣ
Լ裬¾ǿסߵϴң׼ϴһ¡
վϴֳǰ̧ͷ۾ͨ졢ԼҲ޷ǿаԼʹ
·ˣ浽һ̣ǲƵغˡ
Ҳ˵ΪʲôڣˮһӿϵĿ־齫ûܿǰδеϡ֫ڵϰ춼û

˼½ŵõģװԼ֡ط۲졢ѧϰ½дõĴ룬ܿԼõ֪
ţκڿţԲöԷֵã
½л¡ӡؽǰδľɰ׷Σһʱӷ׷ܵشĶûܵǼʻȻ
˵ѻҫ۹ص磺ϲ湦
˵϶ַǳˬǼԳǹҩˣôꡣ
Թϵĸַ棺Щǰ׷ٲѵԻ
Աͺˣڸֲˣڲλʦȡµоɹ𣿡
ֻѧϰǿҽˣ
û˻شǡ
һб仯ļ½ԱֻԹϣͲðͷԷҲԸü½ΣգͷβؿƿҶ²⣬С鱻½ץ׳ֻԼʲô֪˼ˡ
Ψ磬½һ仰סܳţҪѶòˣÿοھһСˡСˡСϢϢˡ
ˣ½òԸ¡
ɫԸ£ĵȴǼС㡣۹͡۹ףǼСһЩ
½Ͻ̧ˣֻһ΢С¡
¶ı飺ŶһΪСض龫ǡȫԸ½һ΢ԤУһ룬Ȼ˵ҪȻļԣǵԼ
½Ӽ﷭ˡר͹͡ԼͻȻƿԡ
ζСˡ
½һˡϽڵɲĴߡ
˵ţһҽ
仰½䣬߾͹һǳǳĻȣҽȻأԼҲС֪СԸԸ㲡˵ԸҼҳһٱ㷹
ҽͲ˼ҧøأѼ½Ѿص˲ǱˣǼ½Լ
½ؿϣϽҿɲҽ
˿ûʲôҽġ
ףȻСҽҾͲҽˡ֪һҲС͸⣿
½練һɶ࿴ۣŷ棬ȻҪٷ
ȻʧЦڱصõ翴һͻȻ˿ڣðǾȥҰɡ

49 49

½ô, ûҩҲ̫ʹ࣬ûмҩ׼ֱӳΪٴ־Ը, ˴ʵҵһ·, Ǹ̬, ֹ
½޶ãߵ󿪵ĳű, ۾Ƽվڱſڡ
Ǹ˰£Ŀǰסıṹ, ǽõǸƹ, ſڻװżԷڿŵİǾޱ, ɫʶԱ߹ŵС紩űͦľװվŨīز, ͷ˼, ññܿ, ͶһƬӰ, ϼֹŵʱڴ
棬ƽʱǳһ
½΢΢һ, ٻæ, һų´, ǰӯ, ˿˿
ȴȻЦ, 󲽴ӱ̨, ӭ½ǰ, ʿʮֲݾܾ֡
Сһ·ˣȽϢһᡣ
½ʱע⵽羹Ȼ˫ף޳ȳƵָɫϹ˿Ϸ죬ӿһĸо˶٣Žִϡ
Ͻ岻̫
һս½֣зִûʮָۣȻϣûУֻǾܻϲӡ
½ζɨһۣ̫ˡ
ǣż½ߣһûãҪϲáϲ𣿡
ֵ½˷粻ˣ˵ͦÿġ
ûٻػֻ˽֣Լ½ͶȡɵĻشǳ⡣
½˼̨ףſڵİǾޱЦݺȻȾһͣ½ŲۺʱֳͷһǾޱޱߡ
״üۡѩ׵ǾޱǳƵĻڵñܣγһͼޱȳڵͻ
½зΧһƬУ𽥷
գïɣ˳ϲۡܺÿϽҵϲ
䶼û䣬ضż½񶡵ûü½ڶŪûкͼ½ǣס½°ͣȷϵϲ
½˿ñܱǶǾޱĬƿĿ⡣
ͷһһͳġЦԼժǶǾޱû긧½ɫЩǳĴǡ
ңÿͷڼ½˵㿴ңһֱҡ
ĺߣֻҪ΢һƫͷ׵½½ΡȻʲôΪңѻձߣС˼ù˵Ҫ˭һ£
΢䣺᣿ҲҪᣬֻҪʵ
ַǸӣûҪġҪκͼ½Ĺϵ׷½˶֪ı˫
ЩҲֻ֪ѡ
Ҫģһκ˶죡
ǣż½Щǵü½ЦģԸᡣ
һݣһѶǾޱס½ϸͳĻҼסˡ
½ЦðֻҪõҾͲᷴڡ

·֪Լ˵Լż½ݣȫĿٺ͸߸ٷ׷¶Ŀ̶õı飬һȥݲ裬һŵĨȥ˳ܵ
ģ߸ٵʱҲûϽͼ½΢ؾԼˣʵڲԼϽǰա
½úȤСϿ뿪һûһ˵
ľֹǰЩͬλٷӦе󡣡
һߵϣԸ½˲裺ȱڴС֡ĶüѩѿƲ˵һҶȫԭ˹ŵʱƷĿڸУǳϡ
½ַУʣϽ
ǼʱʲôûУԺȵ߳һӣټ뿪ãЩȻϴȲͲˡէȻôɵַ½ȻȽϾȣȤҲ繴
½ϸƷ״Ʋ˵еȤѧƤë
½²豭ָⵯ˵Ǵɲ豭ıԵϽ̫ǫˡ賴úãѵõõˮҲ
½ҲŴ磬ʲôƷʵĲ趼һʵɼ˶
ɨڲŵװ꣬½߻صժ¾ñϣִŴ硢̬Խ£صĳս׷ɵʱһͷ͵شԺ
磬Ǵɫݣ
ĵ׳ŶһϽüѩѿʲôʱģ졢ǰ죿ʵúܡ
紽𣺡ģȻʡ
½ͷ
аɣѹַҪѷˣԭǻ㾦֮ʵˣȲˡ
һӼҾߣ֪׼˲ʱ䣬ѩѿԭԽԽãͷˡ
ԣܾġ
½ţ˷һ׼ʹûгҶʲôرλϽҲ취͸¶Ҷ֮ס
һǸʱ
̲ס̾˿Ͻǡġ
һϡƽ˺ﶼ䲻㣬ֵõġ
½üˣ
϶˵ˡ
½Цö᣺ϽǾãõǸˣ
ƶδõģһʺġ
½Цֱԣ簴סı˳Ͻ˵ĻҪˡҼģµˡͻȻڴʲôдҡ
ڼ½΢΢ģһϲġ
½棺ô϶
ͼߵĿζúܣҪ͵͵ϲãֻҪ
絭˵֪ˡϲҵдһַη֣һס½ϥͷ֣ͲҪʵסˡҵıкܶͷϣס졣Ȼ㲻ϲͷеķ䣬ס
⻰ʾ½ЦˣðҪǲǷҵĿζ

ڼ½Űݷ֮ʱٳٲϡԺ¾Ҳӭ˿ˡ
˲ǱˣǲضѻʱڽԶǡ
¾էȻţʵ̣ԼǵҩƸڶ䣬ġ
ȷʵѯģΪԼ
ݣ㲻ûоҩѧͽôôӣҺٴֻеڣ־Ըر࣬ЭҽԺܾεùȻж˻޹רǰûϸ֤飿
һʼ͵סӣ˵˵뵽־ԸǲĲң̲סϴɫ
¾ݴû˵ػסعֻʣŭ
Ǳ˵ˣݵõ𸴵ͬɽһѹû취ǴС
׵˵ˣźΪԼ⣺֤ˣÿһҶϸʵȷȷʵû⡣û뵽ʱһͬѧΪ˾ҵȻԭƻľ̫ˣֱ
¾ݿİõĽ˵ֹʣֲԺһֱɴˡûм޳ܵˣ
üͷֱ壬Ӧæ¡
¾һϲǣá
¾ݵķݣҺһ𳤴֪㲻ǻˣԸ㣬˲һ¾æͷʾ̣ܽȴǰסݣҪףһҩʦоÿһҩпܹϵߵҲ½žޣϣΪ䣬ӴԺÿһоСĽٲͬĴ󣬺𣿡
¾ݵЦһ½ϡ

50 50

¾Լ¶ĺֿܶ, õĻĶУΨûǰͼ½֡
Ըⱻһȥ˷, 粵, һ̧ͷЩĮ, л˲ʻضطһᣬޱİ, Ƶڴͷ˼δô졣
ûȻһͨͨѶͻȻ˽
¾æץն, ͨѶʵҵʦ, ʱһ¡
ֽͨѶ, ûü˵, ͱͷһ, ĩ, λʦ˵Ҳǲͨ, С£Ѿһ¼١ʵڸϽ, 㲻ҲͰ, Ӷû, ôȥֻܲȡ취ˡ
¾ݿŶԷͷı, ־ŭ
ʵλʦ˼, ޷ǾٲȥʹĿǰʧȥݹ, ʹԹ϶ǰ, ҲֻҧЦ֤ԼܿͳԺ
ҶͨѶ˰Σ˳
ܴҵоʱͶҺͰףûʲôʱһҵţֻҪҳɹƽʵȣǳҪҹ

½׼ͷǳḻ˼½ϲвɫ
½һ߱ŵ̬ʳһﰵʧˣϽֶΡʦҶ
һӲˣ֪ȷʵԣĲߵϲãǴطòĿζ
ȫ½ڿ佱ҶʵҴһʱ䡣
½˼úܡ
ҶʵҰæʲôʱˣô֮ǰʶռϢλϽǱлҪöࡣ
ףһĿȷ
½̲סЦˣǶԵİɡ
˵䣬ּһӲˣͽϸƷһ£زʳĸʣʳͳü
Щ˵ԭϣҲǽ͵ģ
зִػ˹꣬½һˣ󲿷ǡ˵ϲ֮ǰĳʦһֱòζλΣ
½˳÷ǳŹ֣ϽԼ𡣡
õЦ֪һܳ𡣡
ǵ羭γԺģĳֽǶȽȷʵϡˡ
½£Լּһӣǳǳϸس꣬¿ӣҵǰõģлڵı²;ߣڸлԭ
ĵʱ䲻̣ǼʱƼгߺͲ;ܳʱ䱣ƷϷ˾͸óˡ
ʣСϲҽд𣿡
½Կ磬ĿԣпŨŨЩţԭ٩ĻȻЩ˵ڣĬŵͷ
Ͻģ˻ûʲôرģҸܵˡ
ɢȥЦȾôףȹһҹ
½͵طı䣬֪ԼղǸαװģʱЦԷǡ½ǸԸķˣ㷢ԼƭˣҲɾֳŵ
ŻζĻƾƾ磺ܸյ룬ϣҲ졣
ᣬؾ½Ȼ

ڼ½£˯ǰԶߵţȥͷѰ½½Žӭȥ£Ϳ治ϲŭ
Ͻô飿ӹţ̣Цʡ
Ī⣺С˭
½ŶһҲҪˣǵı²С
Ī뵽Լ͵ҽԺ𵴵ӣڼСУûˣǲҪˣ
½һԼԼ˵˻𡱵תһȦŵġʱϢĳϣ̧̧°͡
ԼҲͦ𣿡
ʱЦƷ˿ɢڶͷϣǰȻͲü½ʲôϲһԻġ
½ޱţ̺һڣһᡣ
磺ܾˡ
½ϽҲźӷֿûãһʧʹڡ
ףǳĺʱ
½Ц̹ϡ
⿪ſӣ¶Ưĺǣ߳õķǿʼһµ飬½ϣϲҵ̹ϡ
½翴һᣬȻ˵ֱ¶ûѧ档
ɫģȻֻչռ˸֡һôǰ˻
ֽ⿪ڣ˹ӣ¶ǣؿż½ĿԼĶߣһ㶼һϽ
һ㣬߸ٿרŶġҪû׷¡
½ֺ˿ţ̣ȥߵգϽЩСֶεǴѧģ
ǽɫݣְʾװ̸ѵôҰ
ƺû⣬ƽػش𣺡츳ʦͨ
½һҭ
츳ʦͨõģ
Ц۾ȻԼǵһǳѶԸĶ֡
ԽѶԸԽ˼
½ЦβȾ϶˵ĺΣָĦ͸ıӣָ⡢ɾţ̡貵һѤãУ޷ƵһɿʸУͷɹ˹
½Ц磺磿
綢űϼ½ָ˰룬סӣ˳߬ס˼½ָ⣺ָе䡣
½һֻƫͷ̫ȡ磬ºܸߡ
˱ۣСǸˡ
½ϳǿǲɣһᡣ
˵ҪңҲʲôˣܱ֤Լʲô
½Цø֣Կţ
˼½һᣬ͵ضţһձӷϣվͷȥ
½ЦòУ̧ƼΪЦͣ½ŲһѾضùţ̱ӣȹıڡ
סһ˫۾̶
˾ãȰһ䡰ʹҴҹţôôĶӡ
½Ц

ͷһ½ķ̫ˣڶͼ½ʵңֵ൱ơ
½һҶ񣺡Ͻ廹ûãġ
㤣
߸ٸӳԾ
ǰɣǾһûעǴ˶پ顣
縴ӵؿ˼½һۣյ˵ҪԿ𣿲Ļͱҡ
½ẦκвҲȷʵûò磬ļ
ʼٴǵ֪ͨңҲҪ״̬ҩ
ͷáҪ̫ۡ
½˵İɣзִ硣ʵҵˣͷ
Ӧһ԰Ѽ½ͽ¥뿪ȼ½ԻصʵңһžҶյ
½磬ôͨѶ¸ɸѡ˺ʵ˾Ҿȷһң㣬ôϵϡ
½ʶԼĹնˣиն趨ģʽһ߰ģʽһ߲ɫʣЩң嵥ҿ
ҶϱתעŶŶ嵥⡣
½Կ£ֶͦ˵ҷһݣϸ
Ҷõġʵ͸㷢һˣûյ
½Ĭ룬嵥Ȼ˵ʵҪģˣôӽоС
Ҷɵۣ
½ҩʦЭ᳤ͨѶţ쳣˵ȥʰɣ͸㱨
Ҷ
ȵȣʲôΪʲôͻȻ͵ȥˣ

51 51

½, һ㶼档
Ҷ飬ӲЭ᳤òеĿӲͷƤʼԡΪʵ, м½æҪ, Ҷʱ, ȴһͨ˳ҩʦˣ˺ܶͬѧ°͡
𿴼½ʱȡ߼ҩʦûôѾ, Эȼʸʵǳѡ
׶һÿ걨μӳҩʦ˵˾߰, ͨ˵ʮ, л˺ü, ɼѶжߡ
ҶԱ뿼Ϊֹ, һֻвһܸϰʱ, ͨȷʵ˾ȡ
ú, ҶǸձҵûõѧ, ΪʲôתʵϰҽҶһοȴӶأ
Ǹϰĺô
ЩԸҶ츳ֿŬ, ˽˵˲С, Ҷߴ, ¶ĲҶ
ҶԺ󲢲һ̯֣԰, ½ǳ, ұš
½罿ޱȵ޵, 
ûУ
˵л˸, ½оǳοҩʦҪõʡ
ҶΪȻҩʦǵ½һҪأ
½Ƥû̧һ£Ȼҩʦ˵ѣмҩʦӦҲ󡣹ʱмҩʦҲһ¡
Ҷ
ʲôմӳҩʦнѺ
½Ҳôѹե
½磬ҽ겻μмҩʦˣҶ׶ط䣬һŵش˵˵ɣΪоɹ㣬ﲻЭ涨뱨õȵˣ
½ûע⵽涨ԼʱԹгϸ˿رʾǳýó֮ǰ嶾ҩĲϣкҶ
̫ˣȻɹ㣬ǾͲɹȻ˵
Ҷ
ǣʲôʱоɹôòˣ
ضŲϿһᣬҶ˵ûʲô⡣
ûʲô뷨½ȦطǸҩʦӦ嶾ҩȻ˴ķͳת򡣰մͳ˼·һҶ˴߻ܽתΪ޶ٴл⣬㿴嶾ҩ䷽ĶؿռṹϹʽʲôо
Ҷ½ѹեˣ½ô赭дһ㲦ϷӦṹûʵ֮ǰӪҺе񰡣
½ϽҶôöҲԼɹˡһó䷽ûɣЩ嶾ҩ־Ը߻ڵȾҩ㶯㡣
Ҷױҽ̵ʹеӿͷ
õģһᾡоʵĴ߻ĵر֤һ˽ȿܱȽҿҸһ𣿡
½¶º͵΢ЦȻʹûæһҲɡ
Ҷûб½ôϿɹ̼Ѫͷ־رŲˡ
ʵæûڵأŷӦԣҪƳٿԵΪʲôھͿʼоɹˣ
㱻ԼޣĨ۾ѰԹ½ôôڣ
Ľؿ˵תҩʦüҲ뱻ʦ㲦
Ҷ

ڼ½£Ҷ˲һʱзܹ嶾ҩ䷽еȻٲ˰֧֣ݷƱɵġ
Ҷжˣ˵ʲôһɬʣҹĺ𣿼ʦ᲻ҺãԸûָһ£ʲô˵¸¼ʵˣȥʵ๤㿴ûпܣ
Ҷ
ҪˣûܵģʵʵĻʦɣ
ʧˣŶ
Ҷʹļף½ð漫ˡƾݷһͨѶע⵽ͻȻһеͷ
ʰ㿴ҹĻûУ
ޱȵػش˵˿ˣʦĺʵҵĴж˵ָоأ
½ЦЦӦע⵽мɹ÷ΧȽϼˡʵռûйоҰѲûųϴ㣬ϣɡ˼ߵۣ츣ڵо
ˣֱյ½ϣϵڱĲʵС
⡢⡭ʦҾ鲻㣬ܻṼϣ״ε˵ҲǲΪ£ǡǣֻǸͨĻʦЩϸʦǲűȽмֵ
½üĿչЦøã㲻ԼܸҡҰϽ㣬ΪʦȻǳѾγԼķֻ㣬пܽ뷨ȥ
û뵽Լܵõôߵۣøûע⵽½ͣ٣֤ԼһŬԻü½оΪһɡ
½ͷب˺ܾõźɢȥ
ļžޣô⻪貵һŵǣ
Ӧñǣ˳ѧϰ˼Ļֽȥֱǧ󣬻һС
ܺã㹻лֵ·ˡ
Ҷ
½ƻشضҶϣЦˣɵɵ˵㣬ĵز֮ǰܿܵ¾ݵӰ죬ĿǰӰʧٹһʱ䣬Ͳôˡ
ϵͳǽȡԴ룬½˽˲ٷȷϵͳǴϵͳ
Ӧ¾õҩΪý飬ڲϴعܣӰ˺ܶˡ
½ʱϵͳĿģԸϵͳӰ죬ֱӲͿˡϵͳӰ̫࣬в޹ģܿܵˡ
֫ϵҲͰˣҽѧ޸ܼ򵥣½ĵܵӰ죬ֱӱɷɵӡ
̾˿
ڿæҲǻ¡
㹻ʱѹϵͳϵͳòһжϺ˵ϵʱ߲ϵͳԽӰ콵͡

½ǵǳӣҶȫ
ֻ֪С鶪ȥæˣһԹ˵ҩͶо
ÿӰӵҹʵܲͷͺ򵨱嵽°æ
£ǺͼǩĺԼ
Ҷ˵㲻ǣǺʵǩĺͬѾ½õõı㸶Ͷ𣿲ɣ
ֶ̣΢һ㣬Ϳʼ顱ԥһ룬ѯһ¼½˵
½οˣн
£
֪ΪʲôͻȻر뷴ڡ
ô죬ǰæȽϺûǷ˱ȽϺã
½ͼд롣
˵ȻǺʵǩĺԼھȥæ
½ףˡ
£ࡣ
Īеɣ»ưҶ÷㶨оרһ׼һƬȻ
ž¾ݵ飬Ҷܾ٣ר֤յóۡµ嶾ҩŶӦýнⶾҩûһ⣡
¾ݻ־Ը߿ϣϲҶڸۺ
Ҫмһϰ壬Ҳоⶾҩ
ҶУڼҲͨðɣҪǼʦŲĳɼ
ҪãЩûͨûȡ
Ҷ⼫ˣһβɷãǰóһ˻Ρ
ԣҾǾϰĵ㲦ܳɼ벻ܵͬĵ㲦벻ȡѵõĻ᣿ϽʵңеģҲУ
ɷüߣ
ǣһҩʦôķ̸Ŀϴ棿
ĿҶΣ
ҵܵǲﲻԣ
Ŀҩʦ죡ҵļأ
ҿԣҿԣھͱең

52 52

ҶڽĿϿһδܳΪͬµҩʦ, صҺֱˬ
ԺѰ˵ѹ½ôϲְѹ˵ĸоʵ̫ˡ
ͬʦ࣬ӦöҼ֡
Ҷͷʺţൽ챬, Щ춼û, һҩʦӹ, ҿСӲǷΪҰɣ
ҶܳԾ, ˵ʲôôΪ㣿
Ҷο˵ܴܵһ, ûǸͿԼ, ܵܵԴ, Ժע, ԼҲӽȥҶӦúúõ, һתͷϢҩʦ, ظʵѾʼ豸, Ϊ¸оѶ
ҶԼ½¸⻹ǻĻҩʦ͸ˡ
Էӵְ, Ҷο಻, ԼҵܴܵÿûƢˡ
УӰ, ѯӹԷ£ҶⲻǴȻڰɣ
СӰ˳ɻǾ䡰ѹեҡĻ
ʮĮҲǽīߺڡα鱨ĺڿ͵Ϣȫ, һ¡
Уתע, ϸ鱨, ڽӵǩ׷ٵԷλ𣿡
»ش𣺡ʱСѾΪ, ڿ͹Ҳǰһֻ֮ҪҾаץסβ͡
У̾˵ȫ˲š
²̫ʵҪУѡҩʦҪɸ飬ϽȡʱȨ֪ͨȥסһЭɸ顣
УЦ˲̣ûǴҶСӴѡҩʦѾλ
ϽԼʲô˼Щϲĸ֪
ɸ齫жϸ񣬹жôֲ
˵ǵġ
УЦˡ
ǰһֻܿѣһͲϺ󳾡
㣬ҶСӡĽīߺڰɣ

£½ʵƸݱš
½Ҷѡǳ⣺н
רҽ˵ǰҶǸԱھͱôһ˲ĵУҲ֪Ǹ˵Ҷ־̫ᶨȽϺãǼ½̵̫˱ȽϺá
̾˿ҽ˵Ҫμӻҩٴ飿ԣʵüһʱᡣ
½˵ʦҺܿҪʼҩоˡҩҩô򵥣״̬ҿ޷оĹ
ҽ֪Ȱ½ֻ˵СҲǸ߼ҩʦˣٽʦ
ʵûн̵½ʲô۳ɾͣ½ҲѾƺһʦǲ˼úܡ
½ҽһۣһؿڣʦô˵ҵʦʲôʱҶӦҼѧѵǾǸˣһǿҾ𣿡
ҽһľȻȻ
УԸʦͼʦ˾ͺðɡ
ҽ˶ľߣ뿪ʵҴ¥ʱſںһװĵ˲
е죬ͣ½Ų˰죬˺ͦһϰ壬ɾȵѯרŽľ٣ݺҩ豸˾ĸ˵Ժ販
ٻͷۣ϶˵ԡ
ҽһü¼ҷôҵѧ׼
½ָҶзĽⶾҩϱܴƳ磬ʵȴ˲˵ĵӡ
Ʃһֱ뷽跨ؼ¼ҡҶ϶ԸҶ𸴵ĳЩˡͲֱĴ·ȵȣΪԵɶѰһӼ½
Ժ販ʱ֣ɲҽ衣
ľĵǣ˵嶾ҩٴ־Ը֮һ
ҽȻ򣺡Ҽǵǵϴ٣ֻʣһˡô
˵ⶾҩٴ𽥺ת
ҽͷǾͺá
ټҽеɣֲһ䣺ϸ嶾ҩ©عйزȨֻĿǰز˾ٷ֮˵Ĺɷݡ
£һԳҵɷݣҵһ̶ȵķֺͼල湫˾Ӫ
Ժ販йزֻ𣬵ֱӺ¼˺ƤҪ¼ҡ
뵽ݺҩ豸˾ƷҽҲûˡ
簲ŵĴֱӻԺ

Ժ販Եü½Щȡ
ͶԷ֣ԷȿڣʦûоԤԼðʵʧˣ룬ֻ˵ɲԵñȽг⡣
½¶º͵Цݣˡ
Ҷȡʸ֤֮ǰ¾͸˼½һ˾嵥½Ȼϸ˽ȴûкκι˾ɹЭ顣
Щ˾ĲƷǲȴߡ
һʵЩ֡˵˵ĻˮƽǼһָеˮƽӦҲͲŶԣ֪ΪʲôеȶȲϸڻҫ۹ʵеΥ
Ժ販Ĺ˾ʱҲ˽һ£ﲻûϵڵԺ販ͻȻţѵ̸⣿
½Ժ販
Ժ販Щţʪָұϣһ˽ĵġлָҶз˽ⶾҩΣաŷϡҪƴǹ͵ļ½ƣȻмҶ˽ûָ㣬ⶾҩзô졣
½Ϊڵ̲˵ˣҩʦġ
˵ҶҲʵԺ販վ½˸˵õ
Ϊĸǵ֣֮Ժ販Ψһó谮ǳҪǲ治µԸһ̤ѧĻ㽵СﻹûüӴˣͱһ鳡ƭϡͿ˶ԷġŮѡ
ĳӲúܣǮûٻСͺ̸꣬Ǳ˦ˡ
СﵱȻܲģȥҪ˵ʣûеõκνͣĪԪء
죬С̬ˡ޵ذɲԸ⻳ǰѡ
Ժ販ŭܿ˽±˾ȾʱʧӰ١
ʱԼƭˣһ˱÷ǳ
½ָϥͷ˸
Ժ販ؾǲ
ûҵǸˣ˳Ժ販˼½һۣе㲻˼˵ұûã۵Ȱ˵²嶾ҩٴ顣
ǵԺ販⣬־Ը߷嶾ҩʱڲ鶼תΨûʲôӦʱ˲黹ʼ񻯡
ʱ¼˵ÿܶҩܣ˲ٰ취ǿòȶĶˡ
Һѹûа취ֻܿһͷڸǷۿҲʧˣ˿ܾԱƣֱҵļ·˽ⶾҩ
һоȥעġ
Ϊ½ñҶÿоⶾҩҶԺ販ûǸмͳݼ½
վһߵҶоеʹ
Ժ販ûйעҶԼ½¶еɬЦݣҲüʦǹ˾ѾʼоҪĸ߾ȹⲨĿǰѾȡͻԵĽչżٹ£ǹ˾ͿװƷʱ
½ŶһԾɲΪˡ¶ѣҿԵȡ
Ժ販۾˲ˡ
Ҷ𾪲ѣ
ǣλܵıǲе㲻ԣ
ʲôճУ

53 53

Ժ販˳ʵǲ, پֲʧӲ, װġ˿򣬿ʱ, ǳ¹޵ζ
ҶüۣǼɬ, п֮, ֪Ϊʲôֵֹܾġ
½ûæŸҶͣҶ, ſӱص˵һⶼû, ɲԶˡ
Ҷ
½㲻ϽëȻ
½ܵŶܰɡ
Ҷͷ㵽ʲôܲǺһ𡭡ɶ, ռȻɣ
½˵е룬ȷǹ˾ʲô
ҶӦ, ϸѯ˵Ժ販, ɫ
½磬Ժ販Ȼ¼Ĺ¶, ϶ģ
½⣺Ѿ¼Ҿˡ
ӵԺ販ԸἰԼ¼ϵȴһǿ¼ҳ޵ıؾУ½쵽˼кͻҵĿࡣ
Ҷε˵, Ժ販Сʱǵ, ĸȥֻΪ
ʱӦö, Ժ販ҵЩ츳ͽĳᱻ¾ݼ¼ҸӺ, Ժ販𽥴һ, ˹˾Ϳʼ¼ҵĶ, ܼȥδһμѻ
ϧУԪأΪԾȲ嶾ҩٴ飬²񻯡¼ҾܲԼ⣬ȶΪвҪ׷ûȳѹӰ죬嶾ҩȱݱҷ¼ҵκ͸мȻ޴档
¼ǹģֱȨķ֣¼˺Ƥ
½ӷ֣ٴҲֻһˣйزŵķֲ¼ҿ⣬ʲôֶζԸãֻҪѡ
ҡơֳݺϲ£ѵֶΡ
ܷŵΣǡ½¶ı飬ݼ̫ϣʮ֮һȲϡ
Ҷ
úúã֪Ͻ½˺ðȣ½㵽׻ǲǵãϽǵ
ôͺ˸ˣ
𣿡½ɨ۵Ժ販µϣ¶΢ЦݣλܣΪ˲һ·˲
½¾֮鲻ܣڵԺ販½¼ȻֻҪܴϼ½ߣ˫ΪѵĿԺܴ
Ϊо½ܲӴ£˾Աپϲ
½Դ˲ÿɷ¾ݡ¼ңǸǷϵͳû̫Ҫ׼ѸĻߣЩһغ϶߲ô˵Ҫĸ߾ȷʵ򵽣Ժ販Ǹܺõѡ
½𴽽ǣֻҪóҲһѡ
Ѿʼûҩȵһ׶ƽܿ͵ÿʼ׶ơᣬΪ˱֤粻⣬Ҫһ׶ʱͰѻҩƳ
ϵһ٣ѵԺ販ᴦġ½˵
Ҷе죺½磬㲻Ͻ˵һ
½ҡҡͷҪٴ飬Ͳˣȥϵɡ
ҶŹˣȥˡ

Ժ販û˵ѣ˵װƷ¹ȥľװƷ
ʱҩٴ鲻쿪ʼˣ½Ϊ־ԸߣÿҪȥԺһμ顣
ҩоģôáúʲôЧټΪԼ΢䷽תٶȺܿ죬һƳѾ·ʹһˡ
˵еĶѾ𽥻ָȫʢ״̬½ԸеˡҪһȷĹĸ⡣統Ȼû½ӵѵ˰ڲ̨߿ż½Ƕ
½ԼصķɣǳԲٿͷ˵ˡ
һʼڼSǿôһս֮һδα½ءĵָͷƵýŰڲ̨ƵҹľȻûˡ
˼˵ӣҲܺÿ
ľľؿԼϽ
ģü½ֱǸ
ʱ½Χ»Ҫʹɲȫˣתֱһʮĵ·ÿǼɣֱӶ־ܽʰת
ǲ
ָĵϵǰľսʿУʵɲ
½һսרҵġûϹսġҵѾмĿйߣܰǴҲҲʵݴʡ
ɣԼ̨ͼ½񶷣һڼ½³Źغϡ
ֻ˵Ͻϵˣĸ涼ôġڲͬ
ùŵĻ˵ǽСֲ˹
ٵǳԾ½Ӳ̨£⾫ʣ²ûʲô£ɴƿĿ⣬硣
Ͻеۡ½ζ˵
Цûãָһˡס°ɣһʵҡ
½ҲЦĿԣ˴񶼴Ǿ͹ˡ
˲뿪ڲ̨ϻһᣬ
˵ıӰЩɣ壬͸ǣ
еؿһۣ˵ϽҪͼ̸һҩ顣
ǻȻټֱĿˣ˸ˡ

ڶһ磬½Ȱ˵³Թ緹ͺһǰʵҡ
ϽרĴھоſڻ䣬ںĿļ½۾ͻȻо͵һΡ
ʲô
ڳƣٷɿѯ˾
˾ߴδ˵ղиСͻȻ·ߴڳ˵˳£Ҫֿ죬ֱӾˣ
ɫһбԱ³
ӦشӴϷ£СﷴӦֱӽסһߡ
Сʹɫ԰סŻŵغǸʲôſңſңҶ
½ʶʲôԶһƣȻҶæܣܻ߶Ͳܰһ𣿣Ҹ㣬½ëëˣ
С㶣Ӧ۵һˣûëë꣬ҾҪң
Сﳤþ¿ɰҲԵùǱΪͷģеϧ
Ҷܵߣûȣ͵ðοҪǹԹԵģ½Ͳˡ
½˲²⣬򿪳߳ȥǵܵã
Ҷһһ˵½ߣѹ״ε˵ԣǵǸãеҹҽԺ͵ģһſھͿˣҪ㣬Ҳš˵аСʱܵ
½ۣ΢СＸ£ֱ˵ȴȥʵҡ
Ҷ£Ǻ׼½Ӳɼ½תȥ͵̸
һҶĻʱΪЦɨһܣע⵽վڳߵļ½ֻ۾ģһСܵ½ߣɬȹڡ
ãҽеͷ½Ҷоⶾҩҵһֱǵл
½ƽػصõлҩʦӦġ
գգۣ˵ãĺϲҪҸòãƭˣұǿܶ౶Ҳ˵ѵģ
Ҷ
㲻״٣
½üÿɷ
һᣬ޶ԣ̲ס򴽣ǰȥ½ӣңҸ粻ϲģҺһȿȣ
û˵꣬һһɤӣǺлʻظС
ӳ߳絶Ŀڵϣ˭

54 54

羭׷ɵս, ˫ȾѪ, ٿѹɱþľ
û, ۷һɨû½ֽڰ, ˶ɸ, ɫɷס
絭ջĿ⣬½ģ
½ĵͷܰɡ
ѯʣʲô
½ˣҸ
û, ɨ۵, ʣʲô
½룺ʵҴɨģ
΢ض˶٣š
Ҷ
٣
, ͣϽ, ֽҲţ
ⶼʲô, ѾǱرߣôܻҪɨ
ֹ, ֪òÿԼϽĿӹ, ڵϡ
˫ȷ, ˢһջ֣˵ǵ, ӦƸģҲܱţֻܴɨ, ҲҪö
Ҷ
٣
ڲٿ, ǰ, ִס½ļ΢΢ͷȥʵң
½ͷҶϵټû֣һоȥ
˵ıӰʶʲô峺Ĵ۾ٴˮ
Ҷһͷۣ٣ͻȻÿ޵ȥԻü𣿡
Ҷ㤵ض
˵˰ɣϽȼʹ󡣡
Ҷ˲Ťͷ٣
ᣬ͵͵ٵĲǡǺðɣףҸǸ㡢ãӸͨѶ𣿡
ãȻؿ
յߣóնˣ㻹ûŮѰɣӸͨѶŰɡ
٣
Ҷ̡
ʲôСԭرһ

ʵڸ㲻鷢չΪʲôóӣҶ±Ƶشٺ͵صʵҡ
½Ѿ˵ҩ飬ӣҶȥһ˸
СҶͼ½л˼ڣɫ
½˵ҵʵҷǳɾʲôֱ˵
죺˵ѽҸ㲻ĵģ㲻Ҫϲ
½Ǿом豸ʵʱᱻλƻ
£ʶȥ磬ûõһĿ⣬̲סȥٺҶҶһͷˮ֪ʵȷʵȫ͵˵ͷ֪ʵԷ°æҲ˵ͷ
һɣϣԲҲǹġ
½ģûϵ
ͷᣬһûе᣺лл⡣Ҹһֱڼҵ٣ʵڲҶԱ˵滰
Ҷ𾪵صɴ۾½ȴƽؿ˵
СĵʣǲһͷҸ粻ˣ֮ǰо仰ģҸر˵ѣ㲻Ҫ
½ʣ߾ȹⲨƷ
æ˵϶ģ˾ϴӲ١ǣҸǩͬʵ鶼ݡҷ˵Ķģȥһǵʵңǵоֵģ
½ͷ㣬ǡûȵ¶ϲı飬ڷһתôҽԺӳģ
ҿԽͣż˵ʵûʧ٣һֱڰң
ƺ¼½ǲţǰú
׶ǵһУҩϵѧ츳رŬʱͱʦУʦоС顣ȵоͿʼоСĲɹ˳ΪԺ販һܺߡ
ʱоСͻȻй¶о˺üĿֱӱϣ˺ܴ˵û뵽⣬׷˴껹ǲ֮
ǶʱѺǷϣǳۣҸø⣬û뵽ȻײƸ絹оݵֳ
Ժ販ǸˣۼòԸ࣬ɴעԪء
Ųһ̬ܣ˵ûˤˣ;ºܶòҵѣҲžϵûа취ֻѸϽܣԼװӷ衣
о֣Ժ販ɱףڹ۵İ²μ嶾ҩٴ飬ʱΣա
ҵĹ¼ˣûи࣬Ҹһֱ֪۾ͨ죬嶾ҩ⣬Ҹͳû¼ҾѣǿаҴ˳ҪҶоⶾҩҿѾˡ
ѣֻܻܶزʱʱܰһ¡
˵һҪҸ磬Ҳ
ҶͷƤ飬гһתͷ½ʵſڣ鲻Խ˸¡
½磬ʲôط𣿡Сʡ
½ջĿ⣺ûʲôܵˡϽ鷳رһ¡
ûж
½ݸһҿϷε̾˿ٻرˡ
е㺦£̲סʣܲܰңҸҴߡ
½ۺ⿴ԡ
ɵЦˡ
Ժ販ʱ߽½ʵңһ۾ƼϵĵǱϣںʲô
ͣǼҳء
Ժ販ɫ࣬˼½Ҷڳ嵽ǰһ⵽ϣݺݴǱ˵һ
ҪҪʲôҲȼĶ
̵þһһ߾ֵˣһ½ҶͶȥ
ҶæǰסҪ˵ĵԺ販ǳʵңʲôã
Ժ販һ޴ת½Բ𣬶Բ𣬼Ҳǹģʵ̫Ṵˣֻǲƭˡ
Ҷ뷭ۡ
ǵð֮ǰԺ販ɰͱɻƭˣ
½ûֻۣ˵ҵʵҽֹ
Ժ販ٴεǸֽһԼʧصԭ˵кܶǰƣмҵ˶ŹҪƭˡ
½Ŷƭҡ
Ժ販һϲ̽˵ǣҰͻҽԺˣ
½˵ǿɲУոսԣʵǩͬ
Ժ販ͣ
̴˵ԶԣѾǩ˺ͬ
Ժ販ܸʲô㲻Ҫƭ˰һֱţû͹
½ûصͷûϵʵȱ๤ֻҪ͹ˡ
Ժ販
ԶԶԣҵ๤
Ժ販

û뵽½̶ܷܵȣԺ販뿪ʵʱŲ鸡ġǲô뿪ɿҶеⰲֻܴͷ
Ҷ˿ȼ֮磬½ɨվ˵Сȥ๤ߣѴһ顣
׼лĵЦݽϣ
Ҷ𾪼ˣʶʣɨ
½ֵؿһۣ˵һ㻰һݺͬ͵Сǩһ¡
ҶŶŶ

ص½ߴ٣ȥɡ
Ҷֻͬͬŵĵˡ
Ŀ뿪ƽʣ㲻
½˭
磺
½˵ûУ롣
ݼҪһ۾֪⡣ѾˣﻹҪΪ߰ӣ̫ΪġġƣĿ˺
Ĭ룬ʣ׼ã
½ҡҡͷ̫Ѿˡ
鷳Ȼ׼Ҹ˳һƬˡ
ţҳͺܺá
ƳҶŵ½˵ȥһ¹ԣ׼Эݽʽ롣
Ҷ

55 55

½ȫûбŵ˼, ںĿĵʲôֻ᲻ȡʲôʩ
ڣ˸˻
°, ½ҶãȻ˵ʵʽ𲻶, Ҫ豸ֹһ֣þϸ㡣
Ҷ˿ޱ, ĬĬǾ䡰ϽһֱͶš˻ȥõģСȥȣȥ
½䴽, СԼֱܷȡ
ü½лͷƤ飬ʵڲ룬ǺǸЦԶԣԼֱܷ, Ҷȥæɡ
ҶҿһͷˮشӦһ, תȥ
սйϵɨϰѣСʣҡȥɨ
½û֨𽵹һۣ١
εǰԼලȥɨˡ
ƫͷ, ָż½ĺ󾱣㲻Ҳ֣
½ش˸Ƿö۷, ûҪʱ򡣡
ûϵ½Ĵ, һ, ˲ࣺ, ġ
½Ƴһֻ֣ʱᶶ򣬼мɵرֻ֣ܿ治ɫҶķȥ߱ѯ
ҶҲûأ°æϡ
½ߵһɨͶϵıֱ˵̫ϸĲ񱨱ѵԺ販˾ĸ߾ȹⲨϸںˡ
Ҷ⣺ǹ˾ʲô⣿
½ûʲô⣬е󡣡
ҶĪˣ½磬߾ȹⲨ칤պͦӵģǹ˾۱ͨʮ֮һӦܡɣ
ôţصϸڱ棬صذѼ۸Ȧ˳
½˿Լľӱһϣ˸ɰû⣬Ҳû⣬۵ɡ
Ҷ俴ϣȻ򣺡۵ɾȻԭǼˣ½ۼ⣬Ҫǲ˵Ҷûз֣
֪ǲΪ飬Ժ販һдһ߰ĲƷУζﶼͷͣɴϡͿԹˡ
Ҷ߷ߵ˵Ҳ̫ˣѹ½ỳǹ˾Ǻйزǩ˷Эоʵң˵ŻݲŶԣ
½Բѵػش𣺡ǰ
粻һЦ
½һۣȻ˿մҳ̣򶨵̾ĵز
ҶôĵȻĻһµԺ販ϸԭϲȦ˳ϸύҩʦЭ
½سͷֽһЩȥһ˵ľҶ׼õͬҵȥˡ
ݵЦЦȫ̲һԣʵˡ

ҩĳɹзü½ʵЭ˺š
Ҷύĵһʱ䣬кĳԱע⵽£ֱϱЭ᳤
᳤ܳԾʵҲϽ֧ôͻȻȱʽѵϽ׼ˣ
һλ߲㷭˷룬أӦòϽ⡣㿴渽ȷʵ̫ԡ
᳤򿪹ԣϸϸϣһŭݺҩ豸˾ô£ҼǵǼǰͺǩ˷Э飬չ涨ʵͬʱЭ֤;о֤Żݣô۰ٷ֮ʮ
˼ǣ۵ɾȻԭǼۣ
᳤θЩʲôʱǼˣô֪
߲۷׷ףԷϣ²̫ԡһ£ͷԭггȷгƽȣԭгһǼˡ
ǵû졣
ʹطרҵʿЩǼ۵ԭҪôǹڲҪӹڡҪôɴھͲûһ⣡ЩΪʲô粻ǣƫƫʱǼۣһλ߲վ˵һ˵гԭ򣬿ôһǼۣҲɺϣ
˸
ߣ϶׺ҩȡشͻƣǷǣʹôֶΣǻ֪ɣԭһҲǼˣ
Ҿ֪϶ǲģǲҹг̫Ҫˣ
ûж٣Щ߰ҿĻʹһǷⶼʲôˣǻڹȥ𱰣¿϶Ѳ˹ϵ
⻰˿Цã˼άɢҲ̫ˣûô϶ˣҿ£ҺˣܵشҲһţҲܲǶңս¡
⻰Ҳе߲㼤΢ƽһ㣬һջ᳤İϱ
һһǲܵġڱƶһУҪóڶ˼׼Բöóѣϣ鱨ࡣ
ҷ׷ͬٴηͷж̡˰񡢲ЭĸϵйԱϱֱӶ
λϽлʵȨȻҲΪϱһԱ
ӴҩʦЭˣԶ󿪡ƵϱĲ²һᣬĬؽֽƵ½ǰѯʼ½
½¿˼ۣ˵ǳḻ
˵Ԥ룬
½ֻ鼸ˣҪЭ̫࣬˴󶯸ɸꡣ
½⣬ԭϵЦҲ⾪ϲ

ҩʦЭЩֲŽӵϱ󣬺ܿ۳һ״
󣬹̡˰ͲŵĹԱֳɼһȥԭϹ˾ˣһָҩʦЭǰݺҩ豸˾
Ժ販ʱں̸ͬͻȻЩϣã
ҩʦЭĳԱ״ѯʵԺ販ûʲôѡ
Ժ販ĪˣûС
ǳ˳еУǩĺͬǩɹȻ½ٴɫҲӹû̹ͦ
ЭԱ˵ٻ͡ƽ⡱ѣ˾ĳɱǷ񳬳Ԥƣ
Ժ販һ£ʶŤͷȥŵˣۼԷһĮ𽥷Ӧ
ЭֻͨҩʦͻȻע˾϶ǽӵ˾ٱ롣Ӵˣ͵ط֣ܿǼ½˵ʲôЭŻע⵽ǹ˾ۼ۽ϸߵ顣
Ժ販һʱ
ǣ½ôƣ
˲ˣöףһʱûȥʵңҲɺͷܵЭ״ô£
ǳˣܱܲСѧһС棡
һMMP뽲ϴЦԭЭûôĽͣĿͶŵĹԱ
ףʣɱۼ۸⣬ϣǲģЭ顣
Ժ販ЦһԴľ
ȷˣǼ½״
ԭ۳ûдۣڽά𣿣
ѹзƣ֤ǲĿ꣬жѣȫ˷ΪҵΪȱٻʵҾһϹ涨ʵңһ̶ȵŻݡ
ŵ˵ͷЦź˵˼׻ڵԺ販𽥷֮ʱڷȻһת
ʸһߡһֱû˵Ĺ̲ŹԱʲôҪʵ𣿡
̲ŹԱԺ販ԭгҵ飬һЩѯ㡣
Ժ販𾪵صɴ۾
ʲôѵ¶ˣ
Ÿպͼ½ߣûü֡
ʶԼܷ˸Ժ販û˵˰ԱȻ¶Цݣʱ
ˣҪ£
һ¶ǵҲΣˣ

56 56

Ժ販ûаŵ׷, 鱨ŵ˴ˡ
ѶΨһĸоǺڣǳڡ
֪½־ɧ, һʼͲýĿڼ½, ػһ£﷢ã
ǲԿͷ, Ժ販ȷԼ¶󣬾ǰ
ҽӽҪʵҵע⡣˵, ʵһҶʵңҩʦЭĺĳԱʵȴ¼ƽĵط
Ժ販˵ע⵽½Ϊ¾ݡ
¾ݺ¾ʱ, Ϊĸᵽ¼Ҹڣ¾ھӡԺ販Ҳһ걻¼, ͵¼Ҽĺ飬¾ʶ
Ǹǳˣ֪Һôã˺ܶ취ҡԺ販, ĺܺ, ҾӦõõҸ
ܰļͥذļ, ڵԺ販оõҸ
½ûг, ¾ݺܿܺǻҸ
ⲻǼĴ, ҲǸˡԺ販¶һŹֵı飬֪һвϣ֪ʶȤ뿪ݵ
Ȼ½û뿪¾ݷ˳ͻ¾ݱ¼ʱ
Ժ販ŤԼҲûиĸԹô࣬ΪʲôͲһ¾ݣݵרѾЧٴҲͣˣַֹԼӲΪʲôҪ߾ֲĻ᣿
¼ָһ٣ϸ۲ͬ½˸ȷԺ販û˵ѣĬż¼
ԾݵҪ˶þһзȵҩֻҪݳɹˣ¼ҾͻջضĴȻЩ־ԸߣҲΪΡԺ販ԲѣΪĲ֣ʲôˡҲףԸһᣬΪʲôͲһ
˵ģ鱨Աʱ˼仰硰ûУ㣬ҲȲǸʱ򡱡˲ûд֮࣬¶ණ
Ժ販õİΣôֲһ죬¼ҲҲסĲˣôһʱ䡣û˵˲ԣҶĶԣҺǵֻȫüų֣ٳ治˫Ӯ𣿡
鱨Աһ¾Ϊȵ˼·ǵ
Ժ販ֱ׳ˣעǣֻһᡣ
ȷѾ¼ҾѣûϵҪ¼ҷ¾ݣĵӡ·Ȱ¾ݣϣ¾뿪¼ңӪݺȫܹ¾ݣ¾ݲԸ⡣
ûа취ֻת˼·¾ݡ
½ʵҾѡġʽ
ʵҳѾɹзߵҩȵµҩʦʵң϶зҩ˵ҶָܵһҲпָܵ㡣Ҳ̰ģֻҪһ㹻ˡ
˵ûǹ˾еȷһ⣬ֻ豸ȥӼ½ˡ
ü½ıȽӲģĳɹԱȽϴ
ˣʵҰһˣֻҪ½ע⵽ǣͻᷢΪƵġҩʦҲΪ˸һУϧԷϲˣʵҩһ
ֻҪ½ˣ֮ģʱǾԽ̵ҩʦоҩзҩܳΪ¾¼ҵĻᡣ
Ժ販Ҳ֪Լ޳ܣô˺ݣֻʧȥһССרܶʲôӰ졣
¾ݾͲһˡ
һʵר¾µõ¼ҵ֧֣Ŀǰľ
˶Զݶ˵ҪֻܶԲˡԺ販˵ɫһˣΪҡȴû뵽ĳôӲ
Ժ販ûԼʧܵĳɼ½ĶʵڳԤϡ
ûĶǵݱһͻȻˣתȥȥҼҳֹ
ҳСѧΪΣԺ販ֻۣ˵½һ״ʵ̫£ж뷨ܵļƻеһлûʼزۡ
ˣҲֱ˽
뵽ԱܵǣԺ販ɫһƬҰܣȻڵϷ
˼⣬Լ¶

Ȼʣ½Ҳܲ˼飬ĳѯ磬û
Цһʣ㻹׼µ
½ü˵أ
עż½۾Լ޹
½Цҵʵң
綢ż½һᣬȻס֣Ҳںֻں߲ˡǰ߹ÿһΣ㶼ᷳƲߣټ
½ǳֱӣ˭ˣǸ˸ˡ
Ե̬ȣ绹ǵһμ
΢Ĵ͵ӵȻУϾôСһˣɼ½ķŸġ
ʲôü½ǿѹԼ
ʲôرģ
綨ż½ϣܴӼ½Ͽ㶫½ȴһνӣƫͷһ֪ĵЦʧȥ¶ȡ
ȻҵʵǩͬǾӦúúù磬֪Ķ̫࣬Ȼˣÿʵʵɨˡ
˵ʵ½ĺܷ¾ˡ
ƢҪǵż߻Լ¾类ˣܷ¾ݲͣǰ
ҲΪǵߵ׼Ȱ¾ϵϵͳ
Ժ販Ǹ鷳ŵԺ販Լ£µԱ¾ݡϵͳ
¾ݵϵͳǸ͵ļָܽϵͳֻҪ¾ݲϱܣϵͳͻ
ȻϵͳҲȫǰ¾ݣһ˸Ҫ׳ʿͬܵش״̬µϵͳڼ½ǰ٣˾Ҳûá
ֻ˵½һƵĶ֣ϵͳѣҲϵͳѡ
Цݵȥ½ָۣ˵ȻǴɨΪʵ룬ӦøŬһ㡣
粻ֹɨϴһɨ˰ɡ

ǣôǸŮӣȥɨȺҲ˵ĳڣ
Ҷظͬ𾪵һ񣺡Ϊʲô˵ڣⲻĹ𣿡
½˳˱ְܻüԱ֡ůԱȵȵȵȣһ˸ɼ˵Ļû˵ʲôְʲô˵ģ
˵ˣ๤๤ֲĳĳ๤ҲûΥͬΪʲô˵ڣ
ɫְס࣬ȥ˺üΣǿѹҧгݵĳ嶯ĬĬ๤뿪ˡ
ߵʱͷ˵ļ½磬λԼֻϲͬԣȻһӣôܷŵǰĶģ
뵽ԼǸ쳣ĸ磬еź
½ʵһ˶øУаհѸĿơ
ϧҶȤ
ĳ࣬½Ӷ
룬ûָ֣⣬̬ȴޱȣ·ĹϵѾͬ
ٹע뷽跨弾½ġ
һֱʵұȽϿȥҼһߣ顣
½ЦЦȻҪһߣҲȥΣȥ߳ʲô
е˵ȻԣֻҪܷʵҵĹ
½Цסָ⣺µоҪʼˣһԡ
Ǹоһֹ¼½ģԣȥҼߣһ㿪ĵġ
½ۿһᣬЦ˵ð

57 57

оֹΪ, ȻǰҪ, ½ȴôӦ֪ķǹΪ֮, ɴ಻ɫſ絽ʲô
ǿɲһۣܳס, ֱʩʩȻ롣
½һǻᣬһۣгơ
˸ζЦϸղǾ䡰һ㿪ġ, ʵ˸档
Ҷ۵úܣֲҴ, ֻʵ, ලɨȥˡ
ƳҶʶȤķӦ, ӻ, ָ½ָ, ʮָۣϣһֱġ
½ͷ˽յ, ûϽǴˣ
½еĵ٩繴𴽣ôĴָĦż½ֱ, һ˫Ԩ
Ǽ, ҵȻֻǲ֪СԸԸҴĻᡣ
ǿ, ̬, ˵Ͷ, ʼ½ԸԸ顣
͵˸½Ҳûֻ˵ֶûһƲϽδ̫Զˡ
˲伾½ָѵǼСԶ
û취˭Щϲأ½αϣָҪǲԶһ㣬˭ֻ֪ʲôֵΡ
СȻ˽ҵˡ꣬ȻпЩʲô͵ЦЦӺʮ㣬žϬ˵½
½бһۣЦһ
ޱ泩ս½ѹøͣȾһɳƣϲ𣿡
½ǳУܵߵ͵һ£ѵãŷӦЩԾزͷ磬ֻԷ˫Ÿ۾˿̳飬ʶʻζʲôоһڴ
򴽽ǣͬѹصҪʲôľˡ

繴ģ½˼ҡ
Ϊһ׼һУû뵽ڱûǻ⡣
½ʱŷӦֻ˵Ҫ顱û˵ʲôʱ顱
߸¥¶̨Ϣ½ѩѿһڣȤ¥µĻ԰Ц¡
̫񡣡
ò˵һ̽ǳɹˡ
ƾУ¹˭Уʱ֮£ֻü־¶һ¾Ȩ
£½ûѵûô̸
Ըκʱ򶼻ȡȨҲһֵ鶼ûͻȻ뱻ľУûио졣
е档½Ҫôأ磿
ҹɫŨ¶ڶ¥¶̨һᣬûʲôΪҪŻжнĲˮվ׼طϢ
˭֪תһֱ̻ҹգըһѤҫ۵⡣
½Ųһ٣Ȼգֻ̻ǰ̳ҹգըѳһһɹâɵġɫѤĻ䡣ʮɫ֮УԲƺ٣췱ȴ̻֮Уǹ潻ӳҹжܿͬһ¡
⾰̺ǧ壬񰸡һʡҹŻǧ䡢ꡪд貶ңü½ٿȻֳһͷ
ǼʱͲз̻ˣڿƼǼ˵ЩŵĶֹ֡
󲿷ֱ׵ˣѡͬǻɰҲķѲȥ˶ƶڼ¼ƬӰӾ̻
粻󲿷˵һ
ֻҪ½ϲֻҪܴ򶯼½伫
½Ŀڷͣתߵ¶̨ϣһƣȻվڻĹâУµü۱΢Ĺһᡣ
Ϻáͷ˵
Ӽ½ĽǶȿȥǹ⡢̻߲֪ķСȫӳ˫ڵ۾ǧǳü׹䣬ɽӰҵ캶ҡ
½ʶս֪ʲôϲƳɵķ֣磬ƽ
ȴƽĻᣬ𴽽ǣֲڼձߵķ˿¶һֻĶ䡣
½ʶʱﲻԡ
Ȼһͷɫĳһ׾ǳɫװ˼صġʸмǿǳɫ磬˾߳ľ顣
½ɣ㡪
һڣע⵽ԼɳƵɳĬ
⼫弾½Ƿ˸ǳʿժһ΢ӨӨСֽһһţɷ˶¥¶̨
Ųӯڵϣ½ߵ½ǰǶСڼ½µĿڴߡ
ϺãҵСӡ΢΢ͷڼ½ߣϲ𣿡
½һǶ仨ǻɰŪģôþȻûή
һס½һִļϣЦͳԷʱ͵ġ
½оϴ˴գһֵסţֹһ
磬ǮûôȥǻɰҩЧ͸ȫʧˣ˵Ʒʵҩģָ͵ҵʵҵϣ˷Ҳ𡪡
Ц⣬ڼ½һǣ½֪֪ˣû˱ǿȼߡ
½˲졣
Ѿˣһ£ѻ˵꣺Ķնˡӣľɫ
½һôӦڿ㣿
Щ죺𣿡
½΢΢۾ǰɡӣҺܲϰߡ
ʣ㲻ϲ𣿡
½Ĭ룬ͷͷӮˡ
ͷؿż½ϲ⸱ģ
½̾˿۾ֱ׵˵ʲôģûйϵ
׼½üģƶ˵ԣϲˡ
½ЦˣҲֻǽ̻̫ҡ
ż½֫սڼͷֻƵ½ձߣ̶ס½ͷü½òע۾
̻Ǻңֻн½һԺȹÿҹͽһҡ
½ҲȾ̻⣬ЦţǾڵ仰ǾͿı֡
紹ͷͷ֣ȻҰʱ˵Ǽ£ֻܴܲһᡣ
̶̼仰ռϷ½Ȩؼ½ⲻɲ㡣
½ִϣͷձҧһڡ
˵˵ĳͷ
ۣҪ˵˵ˡ

ȥͣ½õ˺ܺõİ
ʮ¾ǸϵͳȴΪôСеꡣ
Ͻ˲١½һ߷ҩٴڵʵݣһ߶Ҷ˵ҲˣǱҩʦɸѡôˣʱϵϣֱӽԡ
Ҷæ˵û⣬ǰɸѡλˣ͵ԡһȥǷ֪ͨ
½ͷʵӡ
ҶӦתͷȥʷ¸ʡ
»ش˵֮󶼿ԡ֮ǰҪһµ顣
½Ŷʲô飿
ԴЩŹ֣²򵥡Ҫһġ޹ġԱǰֻܺҸ˳һƬˡ
ţͦá
ûἾ½ֱ˵ԭгϽһЩϵϽЭ飬ƽҪͷ鱨ŵѯһЩ⡣
½͵طӦ鱨֮ǰӦңû紦ˣ
£ǡ
½ĬƬ̣Цаɡ
ȻѾˣΪķ˲ʱһ¡Ҳûʲô

58 58

, 鱨ŵ˹ȻŰݷ˼½, ½ϸѯ˲ٵ⡣
½Ӵ鱨Ա, Ըо˲鱨Աм൱µ˿²ѷɫǰĶʿ, Ϳ͹һԼļš
ʹˣ鱨ԱǶԼ½ʾԾ
˼ǣڿƱʱ, ȷעԪصǵѲ˸ϵ
½ĿڣȫȫⱣԼޱȵ裺ǵġʵһЩ, СϾԱ, ȫ̲ܲߡ
û˰æ, ӽʵҵķҲ
, Ȩ޾͸, ҪǼ½Ĳͽ߰, ֻԿ˿¸ϣ˶øƸ׳졣
ûϸ½ḻ, ۼط˲ٶ
עԪȫͬ, עַƴʩֶܵشĲֱ̺ӣϸϻΥҽְҵµľٶ
½һһ̯֤, 鱨ŵ, һˡ
˽½֤Сպ, ǳзִص˱͸ˡ
鱨ȫĴ˲˿Լ½ĸ롣
˵йһ鱨Աмܲסǰţˡ
ʵ⡣оҲǴ˿Ѱҿеķ򣬺֮󲿷ֿԱעֻԼоϣԵñȽϳٶۡ
ͦӵģ㿴ղ˵Ĺڵݣõһϣô˼Ҿͱҿ۵ϸ˵ֱѵҪλʦڻ׷ҩ趼ǳˣҵʱ룬ȥذ鹤
㣬ǾһȺռϢβɼͻӣЩᲢۣȥ¾ݣȫ鶼Ϊ¾ݶУкøУҪǴǾ¾˵ѣڻڹء
ôһ˵ҵУΪ¾ݸɫˡ棬ⱲӼϹˣǻЦʮ꣡
ȷʵǰҲѶԺ販Ϊ¾ݲҪģﻰⶼ˵¾ݸб£Уһˡ

һЦΧȻࡣ

˵Ķ鱨Աȷʵ½
ûȼ½֤ʹУѾʼԸԭϹ˾е顣
ڹ̡˰ŵ£ͻأ۵ԭϹ˾˸ֲֵĺۼȫͱֱ˳
ҩʦЭԲȷʵмܵشǵҪ˵ҩͻг
ԭǼɵ½ͼ߿ƿʱоɹ
õ׺ҩĴϺֱǱ˵ļָʾ
˽˲űǰֻл׼һָҩҲӭͷϡһЩҩռԭԹ۵һΪƻ򼲲һʱǵǳΡ
õİ취ǰɱǼоߣǼ˼˽ǱҪ뿪ʵҡżŷɣҲϽһжûпɳ֮
ҵʵĻǰǱ뾡ҩз̺ʱ䣬Ϊִȡռ䣡
ұ˴֮ϵҲ㲻Ϻãͬȫ̽󣬾;Ըˡ
û뵽㲻㣬еı˸ͷͱ̥С
Ѳ˱ףЩжĴյһ౧Թ
ǲвǹ˾˸ۣûüһǾͻȻŲˣ˾Ͳ˰ɣȺ˻б㷭¾ż˵һܳǼֻҪٹһܣܱڸǣΪһͨͨĽף粻ڽҪͷҿǾǹģ
үʲô˵ˡÿտǹ˾һˣ׼ٿԭϼ۸ʽûص˾أ˰˾ɱˡ¿ɺãɲˣͬǹҵǮȶгģôôģôôأ
ҾͲˣôô׼òͶǣԼɣԽԽЩ˼תǺгɾ͸аɣ
ϻ˵ҾûĴ㣡ȻиѾˣǲͶʽǿб˵ԭгڴ̣ҪȥһԴǱپ㹻ǵĵˣ
˵ĵףҾ㣬㻹ܵʽ˰Ͳ񼸺Ҽϵ׶ˣ
ʽ⡣Ѿо˲ԣǿܲ𣿳ڼӴͶȣȻƾǼС˾ûܺ͹һԿ
ûֱ飺֪˭ǣȻҷǵÿ
ЦһҪҳҶԸˣٱҵѵԸˣ
ЦǱǿǵŻĳЩңҪֶԸһˣ˳ɽǵ׷
һȺԼˣΪϾԲ˭ָ췭ظ׼ѻ
ϧչһûõһѣЩ˸׵žͱ׼ľ£ֱ͵鱨ȥѶˡ
ҵûȻ£ȵһץ˵ľ죬Ļ̥˶Խ
˭˭ǵĶԤϵô׼˵Է֮Ȼ
ĵ𾪺η壬ǿӹһٵ©֮Ҳʰñ飬󱾲ȥϢʾ͵֪Ǽƻпܼ½˸ߵҩͻоɹǸȦס
û뵽˱ҵԴڼ½һθҳȫ˼ǵĽۣ˺޵
ٺô죿
ֻűˡ
ȻػضԸЩоԱǾֱӶְɡǸ粻ǻ𣿾ٶ˱ôֻҪԼϣһҵᣡ
Ҫôһжһ·ֹǿóһЩ
ǹҵļ˾ˣۣĹԸԸó棬ǿ֯
ҰдŹ⣬ʼ⳶Ƥ
۳żҪһʵķ˵ļսսط鱨
յɿ߱ƺѾɵһ׶εƣתǰճ¶ѵսǿĹֱ˶սһʤרҵԱ˴սֱ˽߾ȫϷĿǰսӦΪȫʢʱڵɡ
ǵǣ

ľˣ
Īʲڹ
еķң
ʶӻҩѾܣйҶͻȻ˽֢һ㣬˼һֺ˹ϵĿʼĥµķ
Ǹʲôоҩҩʦǽм½ûпܰ£ǹ
˵½ϲǰˣǽʲôϹϹ˺òÿƣ½Σ
ҾðɣûбҪ˷ͻǹΪʢ֢˲١ܺ˺ƽҩĴѡˡ
ǺѺùңȻҪվһʲô谭ҩзôܸأǻŴ˽ҩȻԸҹѧ͸ˡ
Ǿãڲ½ʵҵΣ
һֺ˼еĹҲڿ²ԡ
½ѹĿж󣿡
ܰ𣿡
мûпܳɹ
鱨ԱܼΣյشֱ¿տǹ˾ɡ
ɱ£

59 59

Բ, ˧˴ٺô
ñǰûֵġԱ˴δģ룬һ¾زŵ, ˳ϲ鵽ܶǰ
Уӷǽϣϸ, ȷݼ鱨޹, ֻܵشڲݡ
ֵͨزһӦ˳ڹ
㱨ʱܿˣϽ, һɹᣬָڲѾ޷Դ£òϱ
緭˷ϣϿ˹У˵½߸ȥ죬Ϊڻ
УˬһЦϽģһκע⵽ϸߣ
, ϸߵĸ߸ʮ, ȹУ뿪ɻ磺ϽΪʲô¸°æ׷٣˱ȷ¸¸ʡ
絭һۣС
߸, ȻӦ˼, ¸¾ò鲻ȥ, 뼾ִ£
ȷʵ½֡
֮⣬ֻз֪½ùܳ뼾½̸͵ͬڹ½Ϊ
½һΥ˹
෴ϽУУƱİҪ£ֻ뼾½֡һȦӣȫԱʾԼ֪飬Եؾһ¼½Ȳ½鷳ҲΥ˹ܱصĹ涨
߸һ㣬զࣺ¸ǰӣĽٶȡǲе̫ˣ
ԭķǸ̰˹ܣڶѧˣˡ
߸ٺٶһۣһʱȻ֪Ǹ˵½̵з˵½ǵԸ¡
Ϲԣƽ͵˵Ǻ¡
߸ٺͬʱ˳ǣбԽԽصϽۡ
ֻû˵ı飺׼һ£ʮӺǰ½ʵҡ
һھȥУߣǲе㲻ʣ
վͷ칫ﭹĺϽҾߣһԼӰӣصͷ
ûʲôʡһ׶ơ״ָ̬ȫʢʱڵɣĹȻĿǰѾȶȥл
߸٣
٣
㣬ҪȥлչʾԼë࣡
۵࣬λ²۵ûˣӦһͷȥ׼

絽ʵǰ½սӵٴһ־Ըߵϸ棬ϾͲµҪ
ҶѾ뷢κƼ½üë̺Ŵɨ
¶ƺ쳾ı飺Ƿˣ½ʵԴôÿγֲǳ޼½ǼҶܵõ½ϿɣȫںǧĵĴŮܿࡣ
һʼͼӽһЩˣ˭֪ӶȺϹӡΪʲôԱúùҲܴڼʵҡʲôüôɨĽǴѧҵΪʲô͸⡱²ۺʹѾȫˡ
Щ˻ֻǼܴʵҶѣҶǸаĺѲë
ʲôСұΪʲôѡѡҡ
ʲôСϵأѵĶⱿ׾Բڲͬ
ʲôСһҵĻᣬұһȡ
ɨҪȵܱȵù
ĮȻϰѺĨҶȥ˹ֻû粻Ѻõı顣
ҲϰˣλպյϽ֪ô¾ǿ˳ۣӦλϽӦſء
һϰ߳Ȼֵز̨
ٺ͸߸ǸԵֵӣ֪ʲôźá
Ȼǡ˰ɡ
ɫʣȷⲻ󣿡
½ӱߣһĥҪҪһλһĵػش𣺡ǸԴϣҲˡ
ͷȻȷˣʲôʱ
Ǹʾ䣬ȴ˿϶ü½ЦЦ
벻ϽҲôС۵ʱôǲԼǲҵĶ
羲˼½һᣬ˵һҲ޷ֻҪСȸһ֣Σ
½̧̧°߽ͣݾǲеģϽ
Ҳһʣ½ԸȻˣת˵𹢴УͷϽ½
½꣬Ͼ˲롪£¾Ѳ˸ϵ
۷ռϣüһˣ¸˰æѧˡ
˵ǣƵԱˡ
½Ǹ˾ͻֲ磬ƾʲôҪȥ£
Цݸºᣬ½רŸ¿ٵ˼д룬ѷˡ
ҸɡԷ˵˼ǰ飬а취׷ˡ
¾Զԣ
½ֱǹ߼
ȥ׷ֵ䣬ֱӴµ׷ٷʽ͸Ƚ׷ټѵ᱾ĩߵĹǰߵĺüٱɣ
һʱֲ弾½Ǵɵֱϣ¶ûٳ
½ú˹ֱܷ棬ֽ̧̧ߣֻûλͬŹֵı飬ϡ
Ͻмѯһ
˸λãһûһָͷ˵
½ۣܱߺһֱûȥݺҩ豸ĸͬ磬ʾɶѾͶƱְҪֱһ˵Ǹջǲգ
һ顣

ݺ豸ҪĿ̬
ǲ֪Ժ販Ϊʲôᱻߣ˰񷴸ˣֻҪӻ͸ǹ˾̯ϴˡȫ˾ܵǣõİ취ǸϽ͵Ժ販ޣĲ֪顣
Ȼȡ˵ĺøУñ˰˵ϼ仰Ǿ͸ˡ
Ŀǰ˾̡˰񡢲ȲŶţҲҺ߹ϵ˼ȥѡػر̬˾ļ豸ֱҪʵңϣЩʵұĴпǵĳ⡣
½ʵҾѡĿ֮һ
ǵ½Ƚϸ߶ˣվȨ磬ǰݺ豸Ķ³ţŰݷ˼½
³Ǻܶоרҵ֪ʶ׼½зĻҩжҪ̸ζԼ½𾴺Ƴ硣
˵ƨУܳΪ򲡻߾ǵˡǼʣҩĻҫ۹ڣôû˳ɹƽҩḶ̌ܶƫִɥ˽³಻ӦĽҿǸǳΣյźš
ԽǲֱѣԽԽѡ
зҩ򲡻ߵõΣҲعоߵʿؽ˵ġ
³ǷΪģÿֶС
Ҷͬÿһ֣վڼ½ߣ鲻Խ°ͣ¶š˵Ͷ˵㡱Ĺ
³״øˡ
˫һͨҵܿϤ³ȴҪ½һ豸а½׼ǹĸ߾ȹⲨ
ʾΪ˵Ŀҵשߣҹ˾ңҲҹ˾Ӧߵ֤
½˲Ȼλ³еõһ׼š
ԭںԷʲô⣬ԷҪǣȴԷӦͿһ³ƾ֮ʡ
ۿ³ɫˢðˣ½ʶԼӦЩȡ
͵ط֣磬ʲôѾһˡ
Ƭ̣̲סЦ³˵ҵʵϽø⡣

60 60

³֪½⻰ʲô, ֻ½豸Ըȡһ£˺üȣǧл뿪ˡ
ߺ, ½ԭĥһͻȻ˵˼
Ǹ൱󷽵ˣϲǲϲȽֱ׵ر, ҵ͸ϻҪռϷ, νԴˣ˻ۡһȨѡϣͻȻòζˡ
ǲһ, ϲŬҲȥƻĿĺȤ
ȻˣǾԼְɡ
½̻µ磬ɫ򴽽ǣеڴ½ȨȤ
˶λ³ĳŵֱӰƤ߸硣

Ƥ򱧽ǰû½̬Ȼ˿طת, ֻΪݺ豸⡣
ѵÿʾ, û˵˽ȴî˾²չʾԼȻŵУ𽥸о, ½鱨˼, ֱϡ
ٲ, СĵʣϽʲô𣿡
عĦŹն˱ǣЦ󣺡ûʲôԣ̫ˡ
٣
߸ٺܿ췴ӦȵͶע⵽һص㶼ûȦ˼æסѯʵ١
ԼʣϽ׼ȥͼѶи֪ɣ
粻߸ٿ죬صնվӦѾףȥ
ȥг⣬ȥھȥʵҡһ룬סŲĿļϣϴǷתļ
һ磺ϽھͰתϴβ˵²ա
ƫͷ٣дЩ⣺ǰǰڡ
߸˵ĿյѾǷ飬齻磬ͼҴȥˡ
ĸ̥һŵˣȻ֪ʲôʱıȽϺáϽѵȡͻԽչʱʤ׷ʱ
˼һ̶û飬һ·۵糸ϵ½ʵң˴¥۾Ƽ½űߣƺͦá
糤һߵ½ǰ½պֱȷûţסļ򣬲ݾܾؽʵҡ
岻ãҪ硣˵ţݲϵݸ½ͬǩ֣ˡ
½ϣͬ滹һת飬ϸһƣֱӽʵҳ޳תøĺͬʧЦ
磬ǡôߡ
ż½ָһ㣺һԸһ㡣ԸҰ˻𣿡
ˣ˻ǷǳҪĶ൱ڵʱڹʿڱ֤һϵҪ֤˻ĺ塣
½Ӱ칫ϳһ֧ʣļǩ֣̲ػش𣺡ʿɶֹ¤񣬲ϰߡ
ϰߣһʣյ½ߣҿԱϰߣʲôʱԸһ֣
½˵ȰһƲʱ򡣡
ס½֣ʮָۣƽڰ칫Լ֮䣬ʮ۾
ϲèǹֻ߶ϲ
½ͷһ𣬴ԷӦǰѾ´ǣèɡ
˫۳ͬӿĺ棬ƽ֮£ֻвϹĺмɳƵй¶ʵ뷨
ãҼסˡš
½ʶԼղʲôûڣˡƵسһЦðҵš
ִս½һ㣬ͷڼ½ûܵ½ƾܣ̲ס͵Ц
λľͷһ㽩ӲʵſڣְضŴţסҶãֺؿ̽
Ҷ߹۷ÿ죬һûзκۡ

˺ˣݺ豸һʹ＾½ʵʱҩٴҲԲ
ǼҽơȿƼȵ򷢴࣬ٴȻҲһЩ仯
Բ˳չζһҩɼ飬г
ϹڻҩѶ𽥶ӹýý壬ʼٴбּõġɹĻҩ
·һҹ֮ҩѾ˾֪˹ʱƵƵţɺض࿴ۡ
һ󲿷˾Ц
ԭд̫컨׹
ҲûлҩЧʮޣеҩ˸ֻ˸Ͷ˹ǺⷽҩзΪһȸԾýҩþˣҲ𽥽͡
էȻýŵġ򲡻߸ҩ֮ս޿ξ桱ǰıʱȤȱȱ΢˽һ£תȥýǱߡѰࡱ
ȸý壬ý׫һϽ
ǱΪڹýпӦġϢû뵽һɨ˾ˡ
ýдʲô
ҩʱоɹ֮·ָơⴵģֱý廹Ҫźòã
Źն˵ʶ۾ֱ⻹ԭӣ治ԼۻƬ̣˲𾪵Ҳ
Ƿɿ㿪һһֿƪ£ܵ޴þò
ӭݵ͹ȡ
Сʱ˻ع罻磬һɾġ
ǣϢʱҲҲԵʶʶȲңһȫ룡ӺҾͼǿؿסԼұλ½ӽҵĵڶλˣ֪ϽҲ˶ٴ飬Ŀǰ֢Ѿõ˺ܺõĿƣңһ׶ǵһѧԺڶָϵо־ŵԤ٣ϽĳߣҪ
ڿϲѧ˵Щңûںǲǵģ˶ץסص㡣
̶̼ʱ䣬罻Ϣսһ·Ŀʼ飬û·򽹼شߴ·ȥ顣
ԼӺ˺Ϲλ֤ʿվ˳֤Ϣʵš
ڵøˡ
λϽʲôˣڶţ˵ٻҲ˵ҩã
ͬΪ򲡻ߵġΪ򲡻߼ģһӿسҺҩЭٷ˺£һҩľϢʱ䣻ҩʦֱӿϿ⣬ĶȨ޹˹ʾרݣȨ޲үүõȽϡ
ֱص֮⣬Ҳָͨҩ
ҩ̣޲ðǸȵǵĳ̾һٺô
֮ǰλûнҩר۵ôû죬ٴ鶼ˣ
ҳ̵ʲôֶΣŴϽõר
һۣһ߹ע۷ۿΪоͻϲѣ۾öҪѪˡ
ϧڲǵֻоҩľע⵽ҩԤۼۿܲǺܸߣסΪ½һ˻ġ
ǲǹŵʱ˵ɣר·ȿģ
ޱȣԷԤϣЩϢֵĵһʱ˶׼ˣѾܵ˲СĳǺ򱻼½ӹ̹Ҫˡ
²ܺڼƽϣһٴΰѡ½дĴ洢
½ȻµΪаװõ豸󣬾ͳҩĶ磬ͨҶ˵ҩʦ֪ͨ
û˾ܾᣬԭͶԼ½Ƴޱȵҩʦǻȣһյ֪ͨʹӸض쵽ѾΪ½׼ıϡ

61 61

ǵĿҩϢϢ, ֲΪסôҩʦ, ½ºҶ, ʱǰ˺ü졣
󲿷ҩʦյ֪ͨ, ǽ˵㣬Ϊ׼, ںͻȻϮԼ½ͷҩйص⣬˶٩٩̸ע⵽˼½ʵͼеһ㡣
ٴı, ҿȷҩ䷽ַʼ汾˽ϴ, רԭֱ仯оԤ֮С
ϸо۲, Ϊһʼ, ҩзֱָ÷۵봴¡зͻơ𽥽͵Ѷȡ״ﵽĸߴȡʼҩԭϵѡյû򡭡ÿһƽΪɷ۳Ʒƹ˼ʵ, ͬʱҲѿгɹ۵Ӧõȫѹ˼¡
˵˼ֱֱͦ¶ļ½쳣ƶ
ʦоʼǰһĲ֡Ұĺܴ, ĿͲзĳҩô󲿷ֻ򲡻ҩҽΪˣһ͹滮ʲôʱ򲻼Ƴɱӿоٶ, ʲôʱ򲻼ʱ価ܽͳɱ, Առҩ
ûв´, ˾˶ҩ
Ĺ滮, ٴҩɱ̫ߣ䷽пܱڻеƵĳ̶ȡԺҩзۣۼҲһܼͣСͨҩľø
һٴȻǼ½ƻռҩҪڣһڹԷǳ
Ҷκͷһʼû̫ĻϾԵҩʦܾ弾½½ľٶҲ˵Ķԡ
Ƿ£һȷҩʦ˵ˡ
Ϊԣû˭ǿֻعǰû½ѡ
Ҷΰ＾½һЩʵ飬½˼ָӣǾء
½û֨ʣ㿴
½ҩʦļһᣬӣʩǰѾЭ֤ĸ߼ҩʦͱҵʦһЩóƺһΪʦ
ΪʩҩʦˬһЦѧȺ󣬴Ϊʦʦͳɾͣ㹻ҽһʦ
½ʩǷΪģûк磺ðѯһ䣬֤ûٲκоֻЭһĳԱʵҹ˸ʲôԭ㣬Բش𡣡
ʩûԴ˪֮ɫ̹ϣȷʵԭºʵеĨǵĹϵ
ӶԻҩķԿʩһ۹ϬˣֻҪģ󲿷ҩʦСϷǰջЭϿʱӿûôºͣĳ¾ݳҩϸϣֻǷϵ©ɽ¾ʹһ
Դֱ̫ӣȻĵûеŴڽУǸ鷳
ǰ¾ݲμȫѧҩзһмҩһٳʩ˵ҩܹڶʱڴȼǱܣίۣ϶ҩüСһıҩѶԸߣƼ
ȫѧҩзڹˣĴ󲿷ίãʩʹ¾ݵļҩ©ٳ͵ڰУ
ǲĳִѹʩ𩣬ɵλͣټ¾ݱ˱վŸ¼ңֻҪһ㰵ʾȻǴ鷳
ʩʶҲЩϧûгЧ
Դ˵ûٸƽֱ˵ֻǸͨҩʦֲֻܱܿͻίмЭĳԱҼǵɵ˽졣
ֵ׳꣬ôû׳־
˼ͷһҶĹ棬ʱ֪ԼĻˡҶ¼ҼĹͷзⶾҩͬվ¼ҵĶ棬½ȻûֹҶҲ¼Թ
ʵȷʵˡ
ʩŻ硢߻ۣǼ½Ҫ˲ţ½ȻΪһ鷳ͷ
ο¼ұҲ㲻ʲô鷳
ҶκͷȷϹʩ𩾭٣½ʩ𩷢ְ֪ͨܺõϸҩʦʱܹ˰˲ţʵҴճС顣
ѡҩʦȻźȴûʲô
һΪ½ĺˮƽʱָܸҪǴΪҶε˰λͷβοԼУûҪԹԼ½ĿǰͨʵƸѾ˲Դ뿪ʱ϶Ц
½ڴ߿ȺɢȥĿæµҶϣġ
Ͻˣл
Ҷζһ٣һѾؿ½ףԼϽлΪʲôҪΪЩ˲𣿱¹λ֮ʲôȤЩм䵱ıвУ
½Ц£Ͻ˵ʲô
ϾæðһƲдй˼ģ
磬ҪǲİʾȻԸҲҪ˰æ
Ҷ¶Ҳ̶õı飬ûٷ½
˰＾½һлý½ʵԱϽЭϽЩԱһʱ䣬һⲻ˵ġ

½ʵƸǳ˳ȣһֱ뾡취Ťת¼Ҿͷǳˡ
һʼû־Ըߵ˵һȫǣʵҩоٳûнչһжֻӡǿס־ԸߺͼǾüµĹ˾ߵȡǾҩ֧Ԯʵҡǳϯᣬæòֺ
˵ɫԺ販ֳ飬¼´󲿷ֹ˾飬Ȼû˽ǣӰȴ޷⣬жòͣ
ѩϼ˪ǣԺ販һжΪ¾ݣǵΪͼ˹ϵ
޹粨Ĺ˾¼ˣϲ˵¼ҾʱҪôֲۣһʧһ㣬ֲҲ¼ռô
¼ұӵᣬҳ˼Ƣûס棬󲻵òһƣ˼صúļͷģЭҽ˼뿪¿տǹ˾ǿȹΣ
֪ôۺ¼Ҷ¾ݻ̬ȡ
ƵͶ·¾ʵûа취ֻܽһʾãװԼѾǵ⣬Ҫ΢ٿһ¡
ô㵱õѡҪ֪һǵĸʣҲ֪δʲôӡ¾ô˵Ҫϸһ룬ԺŲڡ
ǵȻڴӦҵ㡣
˵ʱˣôΣĵ硣
Ͳ¾ݰ󶨣ۼչͿʼĥô߼½ϲѶָô½뵽ɢġ
ɾɾд˼ѶϢ½ȥۣûǰƸ顣
½֪ܲ緢Щʲô˼Цٲǻ᲻ʾ£ֱһȥ
½ϽȻֲݵİã
½УԭгѾȶˣ
½岻ʱһµӣչ˾˳Ҳû¶ˣ
½أʱʱûߵܣǾðһƲддûʲôˣ
½ҵɻûأӹһȽϺá
֮⣬˭Ҫͷ˸ʲôЩ˺ûʲôϵ
翴ظЦӺ˳ͷϴ̣ɲ˵ѾɹǽǣǺ¡
˶ָػظҺڣԴ
½һɨ˸֣Цһǻ˳
ն˵ϣվȥ
ʱʼҩоˡ

62 62

Ա궯Աû, ½ʵҾչ˻ҩо
ʩ빤, ȼ½ԤлҪǿЩ
ɸϼ½˼·, Э½оƻϷݡҶδʵ, νȫܶ֡
ǸͷβĻߣ½⽫ʵһо齻
ϧ, صֻҶе
ʩȫ⼾½뷨ϲ˵оҪʵҵԸעڹҪһʵ˾쵼õѡ񡣡
Ҷҩоһǻϣ½Ľ̵, ÷ǳ, ʩ𩣬ʱձһ¥רעʹǡúʩ𩻥, ʩΪһҶı, ҶҲѹʩʱʱꡢ̬
ศ, һѭ
½ۼʩ𩵱ڵ뷨Цݱ⣺óȱݻΪơ
ʩȷʵڰջᡣΪ߼ҩʦԼһҩʦָ, ҩʦδܿÿ
زʵԱ˴ζȶߣҪܳһʱĥϣʩ𩲻ϧ, ֻΪץסⰲŵĻ, Աάʵҵĺгӿ˵ĥϽ, ˳½һġ
һ, Ǹ˲š½룬׬ˡ
Ȼʩֶ£˼ȽϵҩʦԾʩ𩣬ͶԹԷӼ½İţҶϸѧϰ½ϵ
Уʶ½ҶжɫһԽ
ʦڻҩоǲѾύˣʲôʱѧϰϣ
Ҷ磬ҿҵĿҪеռṹģǲǵоһʵҶеĽģ
ʩʦܲܰæһ⼸ʵҵϣʦһʵ鸱ϸʵݣҲ֪ļҵĺʣǶһ±ȽϺã
ҩʦǷֹȷ˾ְǰڹչɿ죬ÿܽʱҩʦǶǻ㱵ġ
Ǹϳģ
ûоر࣬ôз̾͸˻Ƶģ
ҩʦǸӾη½ˣЩ͵͵ӡ˼½ʵƬڷﵱ˻
ǵ˵ʵǰһƬһʦţơܱʵ¹ʡٴ룬ܻؼӳɣҹоͷء
Ҷ
Ȼ֪½Ǹһˣչǲǲ̫ԣ
Ҷǿйߣȥȸѧðɣ

ҩһ˳ҩٴҲܳɹ
õҩרȨҩ˾ܿöհҩ䷽Ʒڹٷ˺ϹԤƷʱҩ۸
һֱߴҩ˾Ļߺͻ߼ϲѣÿڹٷ˺´򿨣´Ԥʱ䡣
½ٴˮǴߣûй罻˺ţĻмֻ˻¸ָлģ¼˼ʲѡ
¾ݵŰһűۣ˵оôҩҲкüɹôûôң½Ͳ󡢳ãȴĽúܡ
¼ҵĴҳۣǻǣ˱ȼǰӲϡ
ƣԺ販ûȡһĺøС¾²Ķ
¼¼˾ΪԭǼ¼ܴԭҵڶҵȴһͨҩ˾Ȳϣ¼λҳôܸģ
ûԹ缾½רÿζҶξܾʲô֪
ȻΪ½ھȥ޼½ηһֿܡ½зҩרֹ˾ӴԺ¼ҵĴøѡ
ؿԼףڰɣǸСᣬôͣ
¼ҴҳЦһ壬ӣҩҩۣһ˼£û˵ѣλž޵ĻʦҲоҩصĸҩҪ೤ʱ䣿Ŀڸң᲻ֻҪ£
ѻȸ¼˴һᣬòϴҳ˵öԡ
½ţпܴһµ漣
ҳ˻ǲغ񣬵ʲôΪ˸ˣһҩʦ¼ĳ£Ѵ̣
뵱꣬ͬ¾ߵˣиǰᡪ
Ψһļ̳ˡ
ۿҪˣ¼λҳȻû˼ֵ޲¾ֱˡ
Ǹҳ˵סҪɶӰ졣
⻰̫ˣЦ¾ݵĸףֻǸĮƺϵ˲׶һֻڰס
Ѿؾݴ󲿷ԴĿǰбھңϡʵұǰͨ׶ѧоԣûܵʲôǣٹ¾Ϳѧ
¾ң¾ݵܵܣ¾С࣬츳㲻
ΪԴϰߣ¾ݵĹϵá¾ݳʱ¼ûһ˹ע¾һ£󲿷Դб·ѾһΣ֮ìȻҡ
¾ǲȵүүĵߣǳѣ¾ңͳֺүүĹߡ
ҳɫ΢һЩʣ;ʵҵʦϵôˣ
¾ݵĸ׼ס֮ɫѾɹʶʵû̫ãҪһ㹻۵ҩǿƻصߣ¼ҩϡ
ԭȸҩ깤۾һʵЩûбѲ鵽ϣ
¾ݵĸףֹԺ販ԭΪ½׼ҩʦȷʵǳŻҲܳڡ¼ҾǳмԸоϱǡ
¼˶ˡ
ҩʦмǼٸмǲԸҩϽ¼ҵģֳûһ⡣
ҳӣ˵ṩģ½ϵǼʵѼݣε飬һȻδı棬Ҳϼ½ͬǰȻͱˣͱҳֽΪ˴ԭ򣡡
¼ӦϴЦ·Ǽ½ȣԼʮ㡣

ձ󣬸ο¼һûе¡
ǵĸ£½ʵҷļʼȻȫõ˻ظõʵȴȫȱ˺Ĳ֡
ʩʶԣЩʵҽ棬ֻõûʵĻش
ǶݣԼҲҪоݡ
ʦз˻ҩµĿзڻҩ³Ҷ׷Ͻȣʩ⡣
ʦҪϴоĿʵݣʱֻעĿݣ˭⸱ҵЩݣʵСϸģһء
Ǽʿѧչ£󲿷ҩзмǿԡ
ҩʦȻȷ²ԭͨһ֤ۺ󣬲ŻȥģϵҩСΪоиȷķ򣬺ܶʵһڹе㡪Ҳҩõ㡪ռṹͬʱѰܹõȵ
ȵ൱ڵʱоҩʱȵпҩСпĳоĸҲпоĻо˵൱Ҫ
ڼ½о̵£ȵﲻɻȱ
Щʵ½о̣ʩǳ죬˶кĽڣֱ׵ǴЩˡ
뵽ͣ͵оȣʩ𩲻òѹŭȥҼ½
Լ½˵ǹ⽫ƵϣǷȥͽⷽתѰȵ
½ĻǳʣΪʲôҪͽȥңǲԼʵռݲˡ
ʩ𩣺
ʦԸԸ˵˻
ϸ϶ûУʵꣿ

63 63

½ˣ˵ôͲ˻ˣ
ǼʿƼ, ԼѾﵽһ־磬еռ佨ģȵɸѡС䷽ģȷڣͨݽģͷ൱һֵʱڱʵ֤ݡ
Ȼ, Ҫֵز, ԵٶȺ߼ﵽĳ̶ֳȣ˾ʵ޵Ԥ²ȡַ
½ʵҲͬ
½ʵҲֻм½ȫ, ˹ܷڴ򹤡
Ҷ˼½뷨, ʩ˵ʵҲһģʵҵķʦǷ¸, æһݽģ, Դѹʵʱ䡣
ʩ𩣺
˵˭ʲôʲô£
Ҷɱ¿ң¸¼ҪҪЭϢ, ֳڴʱʵݣǲǱĩ
ʹʵҳɾȻվϽҪоҩܿʷⲻ˼ԸµĹΧ
ܲܲҪԸ£
Ҷʾôܽпأ
ʩ𩣺𣿡
ҶȻ¸μɶ½Ĵ룡
ʩͣû˵
Ҷ㣬ϾԸµĻܣ⴫ġ
ʩ𩣺Ŷɼʦҩʦ, ôд룿
Ҷҩʦдôˣ½绹ƻأǰʱ乫ϵʦ½磡ϲⲻ⣿
ʩ𩣺ϲϲ, ֱϲ˺
ʶ˿½, ½ͷ֪˭ϵͻȻ¸ͷͺ
һϰ壬ʹǷ¸£ͷͺҲѡ

ʩҶǲ´ˡ
ǵ¾ݵϵͳûв½ʱ뱩¶Լͷ֮ϵҲûҪڳʱ
ʩ˵öԣȵģɸѡǷ¸µĹΧϣڣģԸ˵ǻеͶСǶԣȴǸܶ˵Ļᡣ
Ҷ
£
ʩ𩣺
ǲ֪¾ݺϵͳ½˵ֱԼĶ豸
Ҫż½Ĳʩ𩶼ֱʲôСѣСʲôѣʵұ˶أԱɵӣóʵҴԣĿǰĻ̵̻ʱз¸ôѡ㲻ã׼ȥ˭
ͷʺţʩίȰ˵ʦػ¸Ӧò鷳
֪ʵô⣬ǽҵô֪ǰû¡½ζЦЦ˹ܣ౾Ÿͬκη塣
Ϊһʿ½ãɲˡ
ˣôԸˣ
ȷʵ֪ʲôڱ۶ӣ׼ӸԴϽ鷳һʵģĽģʵҲùԽȷĳɱٶĿܡ
ֱӴĻ˵ķιӡǵĺ֣˿˹ܿȫһ
Խʱζ½дʩǽңǿƵѹ
Զ³ֿ¡
ʩ½˼Ŀƣȡ
ҶûԻؿ½½״ͳһЦЦݺƵ˻ëλöл㡣
Ҷµغһлʲô
½˵лʶ˰ȻһҲôϵѧ
ҶľҶԲĻ䡣
ʩͬ顣
ԼȽcpuһ¼½ĻȻͶ˹ŵΪʲôСѲƶ˵
ͬ˵ûģɸѡҶԲǻеʽظͶУѧԣȴǺܺõĶᡣ˵ָƣ鷳ȻΪ˲ţʵҾ岻ѡ
ʩ𾪣¸˵ʲô
ҶĿࣺ¸ʲô߼
½ǷǳµϵһؿڣȾϸĽ
ֻǸġҩʦʦ˵òҪǶңˣܺˡôࡢôѹ˵δѵ䱻佱𣿡
Ҷ
ʩ𩣺
Ҷʩ𩲻˵
ƫƫԾӹһ٣Ϊ½ҡź˵öԣŲֹΪ˸ô࣬Ӧܵ˵ľغͿ佱
ҶʩϢˡ
½Ц𽥿ʼͳ칫ңͷġĴѧĿǰϵĽ̲ģϸ

ĴѧǼ½ߵĸУҲȫߵѧн̲Ķͨѧ롣½һʱ廪ĴѧϵѧܴﵽˮƽֲοϱȽеѵݣжԼƻĳɹ
˰ʱƶܡϸֹģ顢ԭͼ˵ÿֿ˼·̷򣬽ĳ򻮷ֳУѧӦСģ飬ͨһһ·ѧС
ѧԭǳŰָͬæģʲôӣõ½ĲƷ滮飬Ŀһ¾תƵ˼½ϡ
˼·ӱȫݡ߼ǿԸıҵ״ǰȻ˵εĹ
ʲô
ѽѧǳĸ
Ч߼ǳĳôôˣдݽѧ˵ʲôɣ
ѧ
ѧ۾ˣһȥļ˾²Ʒǻȱ𣬻ʵϰҿԣҿԣһùܶһҪʣ
˵ʣǵǮУ
ֻҪܼλУ
ֻҪܵõָ㣡
ǵЦȱˡʵϰ
ˣѧأ
ЩѧǸࣿǸǿɾת๤ʦҪء
̲סӰĥΰ˼ʦһæԺ˵ᱻȥʵҲιۣĳߴѧǸϽʼд롣
һɣ˵
ѧǱˣ뵽ɫ˼·Ĵ룬ִϸѧϰʵ
Ҳ֪Ǽ½̫λǰƵ̫ѧͨĦѧ֪ʶպùһʵҲǱдĳСģ顣Ծ͸֪ʶʵķԾʽۣҲͱдˡ
ʱ䣬Ǽ½·߻ĵ졣
Լ½ͶأһҶæԳһ߼ʦʦ̵طȫ͸롣
Ҷϰ½Ĺ߼㶼Ϊ˸ԭĳʵݿһʲô⣬ֻδ˼½߼ԺǲҲҪѧϰơͼƵȵȲҩʦְ֪ʶ
⡭žǹŵ˵˲󼺣Żˣ͵ѯʰ
£عζһסҶ֣ߴӵ˵ԸһӵĴֻҪúоҩͿˣѧϰơԽء
ҶľľؿԼĺѣĵ½ԭúõһ˶Ƴʲôˡ
һܾ˵ˣǻǲɡ

½ĲƷ߻ϸµòϸ£ѧȻΪһЩС󣬵ͶʹãҲʮʱ䡣
ʱڣ½ʵҲûšҩʦһͨѡĸͲݿʼʵ飬ռƸݵϡ
ʩ⣬˶ü½Щ񣬸Сʵڰܸԭʵ飬ɵҶع飬ϵк󣬴ҶĬˡ
ǴˣǾͲûɼʦ
նѾźãʦ˻׼

64 64

ĸ, ½ʵҵʵ鸴ԭȼֱ˻ƵķǣԱ·ŷ硣
½Դ˷Ӧƽʩȴúܡ
ʶһкڰһ, Ķȥ׶ĳЩʵҡ
ߵʵҶ, ½ʵ̫ˣʹվ, һʱҩɹ, ûʲôѹСʵУҩʦǶʵһûرĹкرθ, һ½, ͻֵĻ̡̻
ʱ֣ϣ߱ȽϵСҩʦͻ뿪
˵һЩתͶǵʵҡ
ΪΥ棬ϾʵҲûи, ֻǳұƸĲȫѡ˶֪Ǹڣò֤ݣȻֻ˼˵ʲôʲô
ʩԼ½˲򵥡
ר˽Ҷ˵ҶͬҩʦҲڸʵԱְʵʲôĴӦҪٻһ㣬ڷ˼ٴһŭĳĳʦѹեԱȡ˳ɹĴţʦ϶ٲά衣
ҶεͷĶʩ𩻹, пܷ
ʩ״, Щ⣺Щ˲, ǿ϶û뵽ʦᣬȴǸ൱ǿԶ쵼ߡ
Ȼ½Ϊеϣڵһʱȶס档
ʦһͿڣһǿӲ֯ҩʦǽиԭ飬һüֶμͬļʡҩʦҪϾȥ߰飬ɹֱӶȺĿӣˡ
ҶεȻ׼½ôĺôͬһ䣬ʣ׼Уҵʵĸ𣿡
ʩ˵һаẢˡʦ˼ǣҩҵĳЩǱѾãУѧɣǷշӦѧǾ
Ҷ£ǼʦƵİɣѧֻĴд
ʩ˵ǣʦһ㶫ѧ
Ҷξ˵߷ڡ
ʩͬʦƷȷʵС
˶Ŵ˻Ἶ½ҶοʵûʲôҪģ׼ȥ㱨
ǰ˵ʵңʲôҪæģڲʱ䣬ֱҡ
ʩӦһĻ˸Լʦ
֮ǰеıۣʵҵ˿ܻк֣һ½ѡ񳣹淽ȥǡͽ⡱ʵݣǾͻƳһηǿȨʵҳ½ṩαļݡ
½˼ݣоһ߽ͬٳûǽǣ½ûм˵ʵҾ͵ɢˣ½üݣƱػᵢоȣȻδɶӰ죬ܶĵ½ǾӮˡ
Ͼ½Ǻʵһᣬ˶ܼδ߲ϰһ޳ɵĻ
뵽ʩ𩲻Ҽ½Ǹӵй߼ˡ
¹ıǼ٣ʵоУԼ½˾͸֪ʲô͵ʴˡ
ʱĳʩ𩲻ˬЦ

ʩûı۴
¼ҳ˿½ʵҪ⣬½׼˲ٺ֣омһ֡
ֻǵĿĺʩЩͬ
ǲ½̬һü½о裬ֶͨ½;Ϊ١ɡôϲȸԭܳһڶܸ½ӪһԮĻȻ¼Ԯ֣½ӻ£աס׳Ѿûõ¾ݻ˶ȡ½ĸмҳϡ
һ׼ƻۡǳӣͶʸ߷մһһڳ⣬¼ҵƾͷˡ
һ˾̰ǵƻѶȺȣôԥһ£¼˲һˣǴûжԥ
⵱ȻΪäĿţΪɣȻе
ʵݵΪоܿô¼û£Ǽô¶ҲǶô
¼˷ḻľעִƻƣڰ۲켾½ʱǲûⰢѧǵķӦŵ̬ѡĬݷⲻС¶ţӰδ½Ĵơ
ޱڴ½ʵǼ½ʵҰ˰º¼˳ٳٵòϢһ¾ͽ
ʲô½Ҫȵ𣿻ȵ
û˵ĸʵյѯżܲǷ˰ɣ
ôһ˵Ҳе㡭ϾᣬĸģίӲҲпܵġ
Ҳһо˻ҩҵȵ𣬳ϵʵңʵδûݡЩԸṩݣоܽȥ
ô죿ǷôôԴΪҪǲףǲǿ𣿣
ȱţһҵԮпԼʵռݵѡҩʦʵ顣Ȳһоȣʵ飬ͲöӦĲԡ
Уô죡
ִܹ󲿷¼˷ңΪƼ½˴
ȥ׼ġͼ½гͻ¾ݣǻʵŵ˶ּɹоϸϣֳ˴¹˾
ζţһƼ½ʧܣǽʧȥ꼴רĲֳɹʧ¼ҵʽ𡢹ó԰ߵǿоӪҵռһϯ֮ص¼ҽܵСĴһеʲô¼̼ɢ
ż½ӣκμ½˲ƣشӣ붼ֱӷ˹ȥ¼ҾоҲû취
˭뵽½һҩʦΪ˸ԭһʵݶȥзأ
ˣȷ½ʵҵоûܵӰ죬ʵֿĴѧУѧб̵ʵģҲʱ¼˶ɵˡ
λרСǿƹִĴҳ
ͷһٰʮͷ˾ǼҲˣôʲôûҵзδӵ͹ǿԣʱ̩ɽǰ治ɫ
󲿷¼˵ļܵʱȴһκʧ˻ô
ʧʽͲֳɹ¼ȷʵܵӰ죬ֻҪ¼ҩʦڣվжɽһ졣
¼ֲûоˣٿһӰˣʲô
ձܹʷļ½ȻĶ
Ϊǵ÷ǳȫҲĴ㣬ɵ½ıܿ壬ֻһʱ޷ܵز
ô
ô
½ΪʲôôѶԸ
ŭڡη塢ȻȣؿڣӼһ˫˫ŵ۾һؿڣôϲ
ɫ𽥴ŭͨ÷ϣͷαϣģߴֻ֪޵ĶתƵϣԼ˷·һųЦơ
ⴸһڱﵽͷͷĿѣԡ
¾ݵĸױ޵ûڵأ͵ע⵽үӵ£ײڵϷ죬ɾе֣ôˣ

¼ҵĻҶûӰ쵽½
˵ðʱݸԭðʱݸԭȵȫϣ൱⡣
͸Ѷ۲һᣬЦһʣоȺ⡣
½ػش𣺡ǰȷʵ⡣
ǣҺܲ⡣
½бһۣŶȱҪɣϽʲôòģ
һҲǣѲңƫҪһ˷ķҪףǵĹϵöһǡ

65 65

ǵĹϵ½ûȥĳƺ, žӦ», , Цŵ٩, Ͻ⻰˵, ʲôϵ
ܼ½ֺ޶⡢ŵ׽Ļش𣬺ͷɳƵĴЦ, ͬŻش
͵Ĺϵ, Ҷ˵˲, ȤҼ𣿡
½һüõ
ȤȻеģ⻰ûһǴζЩźоڹؼʱʵڲʱ丰Լ, ֻƳʱ䡣
ҩȵѾȷ, ĿǰоСɸѡģݡƶԱ, ҵĹ·ţȷʵв٣붢ÿһ, 뿪
¼Ĳһҩз̲ûյӰ, ΪĿʹûӿࡣԭ䡢ϳҩҪһʱ, Ӳõһ, еռ佨ģȵṹģ⡢ҩС˼·ɸѡһϵй, ЧȻֱ
ĿǰĽ, Ļ, ҩʱӦԤһ¡½Ц˼ƣϣһ׶оʱϽ׼ڡ
ȻᡣƶػشҲЩźȻѲҾ;ˡ
½صͷƵζŨˣȻǾϾоÿ첻òãҪоǲ㹻徲
֮⣬缸ôȥ˵оٶȾҪˡ
һ㶼ü½½ô˵ᣬá
ۼ½ôǺ¼ҵģ½Ĳϲĳˣ٩Էֻڲֱʰ˶Է
緢Ϊ½ԽͺǸ˹ϵԽá
ʼʶʱ½ĿףΪ½ڵ̬ȷǳӦȡ
ûáƺȥ½ĵṩŵ¼ҵ鱨ڼ½ЦЦнͨѶ鷿ζ˸ղŵĶԻ
۹۱ǱǹģŵذϵķⷢǲԼϽȡһ˺Ļᡣ
ϧ类͸߸ٷǱ˼ΣµļɣҪǸĿ⣬Լҫ
ټôڴһԼᡣӣۺЦ⣬ûоܾĳƺֻ˵ԼˡԽԽˡ
٣ôôԼᣬôᡣϽҲҰ⻰¼˵һ飬¼Ǿü᣿
Ȼͬһ̣Щͬ¼Щ
¼Ҳ֪ôģһ½ɾͱޱȣϧ谭½оȣֱǰѼ½޵пڼ½ʲôǣ¼ңԶ谭๲ͬȺ塣
þȫ֣ȴһָͷƮƮ¼˵Ⱳӿ¶ûô˵˰ɣ
Ҫ¼֪ǰĳЩߵ˿Ҫˡ
룬Ͻ˵Ļ氮ûˡ
絭һۣ֣Ϊʲô˵ʹ¼˵֪ǰеıȻġ
ٻعʶԼ˵˿ڣεɤӣһͬ˵Ͻ˵öԣȷʵǳ֣ı
ףָһϼ

Щ뷨ûд¼Ҵ󲿷ȷʵ㱻½ˡ
˽˵Ŀģ¼һСװ˸еʵݴܿͱǿĹ̲ס̾
ҩзģ˭зж鷳
½ʵָ󽵵˲оѶȣԽǶеԽãȻҲ͸½
ǵĳֲַҵΪð
ǣ¼˶ܷϼ½ָǿ󣬿ɼ½Ѿǵжԣ˲͵ڴʿ
үѾ£ȻûΣգ¼ĹǾˣ¼ȻĻ̡̻
£Сǻһ̾½жͷǳûɫˡ
¾ݵļλ岮ŭݺݳͷһ޹½ССȫլǽӴүӣλҳ
ˣҳͨĳЩ֪ľһձһճĬ
Щ벻ͨ½ٶȷʵǿ죬ᾯʹͣȫûҪƵĵزǰʱΪʲôľ
䲻ϸڣֻǵʱԵͷǡ桱ܹʷļ½¼ҿֵһᡱһʧһûõ˾ܱ¾Ǹ͡С񣬱Ҫ½һѵ
ˣԲˣǷʲô֪飿
֪ΪʲôͷͻȻʼɹյҪԽԽ
¼Ҳ׳Ⱥȥ̽һ޲ߣֻͷ׵ܵ˽
̸ʲôû֪ͷĵܻܵصټ
¾լĸ¥ϣСȣԺӾŵ˺ãȻĸĸܵܣǹһĻȡ
ҶǼˣӦﻥְ裬˵Բԣ

¼ԽҵûӰ쵽ˡ
һʱٴ飬ҩͶҩʽʼ֮ǰıΪԤȣڶҩЧƷʣֻȷۼ档
Ϊҩʵ̫ˣ
ǸƷʵĻҩۼۺͨӪҩһģһؼƷűƷʸʮõ㣡ҵ찡ⱾɣʵûҪѹۣҺõ쳧ҳŲסհ
ǿѹ۰ɡҿҩ䷽оõҩĶȽͨûʲôϧԭϡ
ȥͨ˵ĳҩʦϢյĤһ´С۷ǳҩȷʵͨҩģֻȡƷ˼·ѰҩһڶַˡʦҵڱȽϳĴãǰ쿴䷽ֱˣ⼸һֱо䷽ԭÿ춼ϵϼʦýһĵᡣ
¥ϵѣɣҲǳҩʦҵʦҲҵãҲҩԭÿ춼ϵϼʦѵͬһͬһʦ
ǵʦȻֻԭҪ缾ʦΪʲôҵʦҪһ鷴ѧϰʦĸϣÿֻҪдǧֵĵ᣿˵ʦϲãҲ˵пܣʵÿǧ̫ˣǶдĽˣ
ÿǧ֣ǼǵʮˣʦǸˡ
¥ϲŵĶҵĵʦҵڴţˣͬ˶еֵ֣˼ȰѼʦȫֳһ飬ע⣬ֳÿСдһθ⣬һǧ֣һ֪ʶϣÿ˱벻ͬҪѧĶõ¿оĿУȫύһĿⱨ棬ʹ˽д硣桤ѧá
ˣ֪¥λţ˭ˡǸ𡣡
ôͽˣҵʿе棬⵽λУ
ôҩҵѧϰұȽ֪ǲǷҩĵ¹ЧĳȡƷǣܹҩɱķ⹫Ҹоˣҩҵ෢չ
¥ϣ⹳̵ֱģҶҧЩ˻˵ǣҲòæһ¡ĳЩڷɷ桢ҵ׼򱣻ΧĺݣܹϣƶҩҵһչֻЩҪȨ޲Ķ˰ɣ
úͱĵ˶˵ֻšҾֱ׵˵ˣ˵ָ·֮һñ磬ҵڹϵʵ

66 66

ҩʦ˵û, ҩҵ, ½ڿú, ٴöӡǳá
, òһ, иҵʹáʦЭǱ߳ĹʦͷȣҩʦЭͷμƽ׽, ҩ, ָõЭռ֤Ĺҩʦ
ǱһĴʦ۹Ϭ, Ǵоɹ͹п½ϺؽȻû棬ǷǳԸͼ½Ϊ꽻һһСѽеû, ѧǿҫ½һķ緶
һλҵڴôѧ˵
һٶǰ, ˵ҩʦҵֹһδĶ, ܶҩʦܵӰ죬Ϊһ־ҩҵ⵽޴Ĵʱ, ڸʦѧϰۼһѵĻ֧Ժ׷, һҩʦ
ʱ϶ͷչõʱ, зһֶǸ˵ǳȽ, װһ֧νļɵĸ, ɱϮķʽǼʡ
ֲ, ˵Ҹ˲صĴ۲ƽ, ҵ㡣֮սУû׿Ƽֶ㣬ֱӶʹ˺Ťתһ浹ľƣϳ
ʣ˼ƣпܺݺҧ·һ⣬Ȼʱⷢˡ
һȺԳ֤ҩʦ˴ŴоѹͶˡ
ȻǴߵϲǻ׿Ƽģ޷ƽ˵Ļ׼ͨҩǿʣķ಻ηԼĸãȻ仯
һҩռƣһڻ׼ռƣ˫ƾУڽܵشüңսһֱţ궼ûֳʤʱս˫Ǹ˭޷еֵģԼͬѡͣ֡
˵ǩƽЭʼϢΪͽ˵ʱҩʦûдִĹУĵ˻˽ȥ˲ԩٴйҫ۳ɾ͵ҩʦʱȥ
ֶαȽأҲǳصģһԣ̾Ϳʼҷ
ӣԩƽȥվٻˡ
һαѡһϴҩʦҵԪˣҩĿˮƽһµ˰ꡣͬʱΪ϶ʧЭøСģӵиĶȨ޵֤ҩʦ˸ϸʹ˸߼ҩʦԽԽ٣ܲǰһЩ̫ǵ顣
ټδɾļҵھΣĻҷΧ
⻼£һҩʦ޷վ˳޵иԭϣȱ豸ԭϵд棬˾ȵٶȴҩʷԻ͵ΰ
ǸҰʱҲǸȺ貵ʱң漮ĵңңŹƤñȻԴԶѣܻվڽ㡣
ǵĺľϢĸԭ򡣡
ڵҩʦҵǰһˣܶ˶Ľ̻ͽܶʦҪѺöҴţ͵ȥʧȥơСѵоǳˣойϵչ涨ȫԲϣЭṫܹݣΪʲô
ɵ
ЦЦοһһҩʦеľϽ桢˽סʵǡҺܸ˹ȥô꣬ϿȱԵƷʡ
һڡƷе˲ţãԳΪ˵İ
Ϊʷԭ򣬸߼ҩʦһֱ࣬ҪһΪҵӰ졣
ںλҩʦЭ˰½ƺš뼾½ĴѧǬýε롣
ĴѧȫѧǬǻĴѧߵãɴ˿ɼöԼ½жôӡЭ᳤õǳһ˼½˵õĿغ⣬Լ
᳤Ϊ˿һݳҫԼԤϵǣ½Ȼ롣

½벻Ϊöɡ
᳤ĺˡһһǴʦҩʦǬýΣҩֻоеһ֣ύۺ룬һֲܹϵʹԽһڹΣʵҲû󡣡
ҺܸмĹذܸϿңˣҲŲðȻӦ롣Ҫϣá
½˵Ĳǿ׻
֮ǰΪָǿͻеĹˡ̵ͻǶٶ۷壬δܻǸӦеء
ʹͻƷд಻ָʱݳϵͳܣһʦţָ֣ͲĹʹڡ
ǻڿͻܵ˳ʱĬĬš
ָò㱨Σ˶ԶǴԲָͣݹĺȥ
㹻ͣ촩Աɼǧ󣬶ҪߵǰϿִ½ûôأȴⲻͬ
Բ˶̬ȣ˸أȻеˡ
½ô֣صʱ򣬻᳤̬쳣࣬²Ÿ˵Ц
㿼ǵǶԵģҺļˡΪǬõĳ͡
һ㶼ü½Щֻü½㹻Ͻ棬ҩʦеӣǳͼ½Լļ֡
ֶ˼½䣬᳤ҶѶ֮ǰͻȻһ¡
С֪¼̫𣿡˵Ŀǰҩûдģһ㵽жеۻûҵڣٲоҲǳм㡣
⼸仰˵ú˼½⣬Цˡ
мģ˳ͬ˺ϵʵһҩʦ
Э᳤лȹҶѶȥ˽¼ҵ

ͨѶʱ鷿
½׳Ͷϣɷרļľùնˣעϡ
첻ϽûãſڵİǾޱ񣿡½͸Ͷ˿ǱߵЦк
Щȣ½ͷһֱӲ˽ͨѶھȻ̸£΢һ˫ĺ۾ѹſڰǾޱңԭµı
½ü缸ۣͷʾͬ
Ǻҡ
΢ȷӦʱٲ٣Ĵ𣬴ɫ죬ĿüŨīزʵͻ
ڿҡ쳣϶Ц⣬ϲӣ
½һס࣬Ц˵ʵģӺƽʱѵʲôͬ
һװͷһ˿μ٣ൽ䵭ĵز
纬Ц˵ҵõһ佱Ĳͬ
½̲طʣ𣿡
᲻٣˵ǲǡ
½ЦһУǾǰɡôæҪ㼸䣬Ų˼
ߵָһ٣Ĭ˵ǸûѯҵĲԡ㲻ϲҸļƻԺһעִһЩ
½˵㲻ϸ棬Ҳ̸ᣬֻЩϰߡ
ϰﰵ͵͵ҲҪ鷳
Ȼı飬½̲סЦˣȻ¼ҵģǲ֪ϽԸԸΪҽһ飿
˵֮˵ϣܶһ㡣

67 67

۾һ, ½ƿ, ûоĳƺãһ⣬ͬ½˵¼ҵ״
¼ǸǳϲҲǳھӪļ, ǼҩʦδжǿзҩҲһܳɫֻҪԱһɹǾܴһƪСټǼ˲ٹ¶вҵ˲ţµĹ˾ƹ, 𽥾͸ڽ¼˱Ǹҩʦӡ
˶¼Ҷԣҩƹ㶼Ǽĸ, ҩԺ˿ʱƹҪһ㡣
¼λҳʱҲ֪ʲô, ͻȻԼ½, һߵ, ֹԪˡ
Ϊ˻ĳЩ˵֧, ¼ҹ˾ĹɷȥԶ, ƻʧܣɷȻղ, ˡĹ¶˲˺·Ϊ¶ͬʱ, ҪӦǶѹҩʦı, ⻼ˮȡ
Ʈҡ, ƫƫͷɹ޷ѿش֣ѹ˲ࡣ
¼Ļ̻̣Ա֮ͻӾ磬¾ݵĵܵ¾ңͺͼֵܷ֫ͻŭͷʵʵһټҷ
ȻһҵԴͷֻڱ˼½һѡ
˵鲻ֻ࣬Ÿ߸ҩʦҵһĴڡ
Щ¼һʵҶϵҩʦ֮Ի¼ҵЭ޷û;ȡϣΪԺǲòűˡڸһ·û˺֮ǣȻԩıԩгı
϶˻ҧЩҩʦвˣ¼ҿɳܲס
½˼ѹֵķ
ҩʦǻᱬֵ֣ͷԼ¼ҵĶ
¼Һͼ½֮䷢ĳͻϿ¼Լ½㣬ɼ½з֣֪УͷԲһäĿĵˡ
Ӹλʲôû½Ȼжϡ
죬½ܿͲµ¼ĪķѺ¾йأϵͳ¾ݷ񣬶ҺоѲ˸ϵ
Цˡ
һи׳нһãѾ¾Ŀܡȵʵʱ¾ĳЩܾͻԶж¾ݺϵͳһδ
ܺãشﵽĿꡣ
½ۺЦ⣬͵磺鷳ˡ
˫ڣɫĮ˪ѩȻ䣬˵ڵĻȴζ
鷳Ϊ鷳ȥұˣΪ㴦鷳ҡ
½ЦЦΪ鷳ȥұˣϽ⻰߼԰ɣѵȥұ鷳
鷳һ˵úҪʲôƵġ
治ɫʲͬҪˣơ
½ô˵ұΪ鷳ΪʲôϸŸԼ鷳Ȥر𡣡
ԣݸ˵ûʲô鷳ģ顣
½ŶһβŵĪ⣺Ͻ˼˵ҵ鶼鷳
ػش˵޹ءֻˣ鷳ҵ㡣
½䣬Цû뵽Ĩ˵ô࣬Ϊ۵Ľۡ
ܵģ½ôŲ鷳㣿
紽ĨЦᣬͬѩڣˮһ㡣鷳鶼ңһԣͲൣġ
֤ʵ½ЦòУʵҵϣͷ硣
磬˰ֱǳȡˣ½Ц̾һҺϲġ
ܸԸҵ飬Ҳܸϲҵ뷨
֣㶰Ѻúһ仰˵ǽܱףü½һ
鲻ã½ʡ
ʸڷϣܿ㣬ܺá
½ü¶ݡı飬Ҳ˵ô
ͼ½аӣװƫߣԲҿҪһʱˡ
½ͷһ壬ʣʲô£
ѹתϢѾҲ¶棬ܻĻҡ
½˲ˣ⻰Ҫʱ뿪׶ǵ˼
ʵݣ֡Ի͵սĳЩ˶ԣֻҪһ죬вʹһ졣ݼɵ½һ֪ٵϢǷңһ羪֮磬һĴң̽ϣתֻǸԡ
ìܵ˲̫ǡľٶҪȻȫؿ¶ȥĳЩˡ
׼ʱ½˵׼ֻѲһ£ָӼս
ͫ˸ϸâƽãƽ
ǺߡΪһҩʦʱְôλһԡ
ֲض˵ֻҪһһؼʾܱԷĸоʵ̫ˡ
缸ѳֲס
ǿѹסսȣƽʱʲô˵ʱȴͻȻð½΢΢۾
½е㾪ʣ磬㾹ȻҲв˼ʱ򣿡
綯һ٣ʱҡ
½Цһߡ˹ʣҷҪأ
繴𴽽ǣ̧۾ٲԼУһж˼𣿡
½۾˼룬һؿڣȻýûءҽ˵˼Ҫأ˼ҿɲء
зЦ⣬һ㶼ü½⸱̬õغ½
ٱһֱڰ칫ҽװ͸ˣʵЩܲˣ̧סԼĶ䣬ƽͷһκԼǿȼﵽS
ǿȼûôߣоͲô
вô񣬶ͲñϽͼݲУ
Ķ䲻ݲУͲôۡ
ƺ쳾ĳף𽥷ſգ̸һµ顣
ɨûᣬֻ½죬½Լĺʱ䡣
½˵ʲôżģշ̸Ҳ
˵ܰЩ
½⻰е죬ĥһ²ǰҲ˵ƵĻʧЦҾܲˣ㵣ʲô
ζؿ½Ȼܲ
ʹˣұǺÿ䣬ҲҪ°ӵ뻳С

ͨѶ󣬼½мûյϢϣѾӳǰһ졣
֪ڶҪ½û˵ʲôֻһˣ⼸ƳӪҩͽⶾҩȫ硣
ٿ½ôں磬кΪԼϽˣ˵˼û˸߲һȥ紫ϢǳϵԽҩűźãָٷһʽ𣬵ʱˬгذǰͼ½˺ͨͨ
½ɲ֪˽»͵͵²۹ǽ뿪׶ǣųȥעġ
ʱڷڷͣѹͬеʵұһһع⵽Ĺƽ̨ϡ
ʷԭӰ죬ǹٷڶҩҵúܽ·չСУûעͳ⡣ͻȻڹƽ̨ôһţŵ϶ˣһ߰عٷһϸ鿴֤ݡ
½ע⵽֤ݵ˺ܶ࣬Ϊ֤ʲô©ͷǳһ֤ݿ
һеˡ
ѹͬеоҶǳСĽӸǶȿûκһܺҩʦʵ֤ݣЩ涼ò֤ȥ档ôҲܲס̫֤ܺ࣬һ㹻ȫס

68 68

Ӵȷֱ֤޿ɽƱ硣
ӿ, ֻװȻ¼ʵ̫, ˶ټڷӦȻ⼤ҡʵҵװΪŭǣ˴֤ڸʵҹٷ˺ˢ, ҪʵҸ˵
ʵұƵͶ·òҹ˸ᣬ۸úȥδӡ
ҵˣ߶ԼδĴʾ֭ѰҿѷЩ˾óϿϴܻÿ, Щͬȴ۵֤˵, Щ˸ݣ׼ȫƸ¼ҡ
ʵ뷨ʲô, Ϊȷһ, ǾǵǸ
ֹ½עʱ, ǰûٷʵҶҼ, һܺǸ, ŵһ̷ʡԼĴ, ֤ԺԲٷȺڽмල
Ⱥڿ̬㹻Ͽңһ, صں仹ûǸʵȥˡ
½˷ЩʵҵĹٷ˺, ²ǲ治ӱ, Ǳйزȥˡ
Ͼôң²ûע⵽ô죬زҲŵˡ
½µûЩʵҵĸȷʵǱȥ̸ˣȵ̸ɵȡ֤Щ˲űŻ
鱨Աһ⣬¹ЩʲôС˼ڶʵʵ
ǳԼĴ󣬽ӦýܵĴڹٷ˺ϵǸܺߵǸ⳥ºڷӦȫƽγƽϢ˴ҵŭ
ЩһǺ¼ҺʵңҲ½Ǹƾ˵ͣ½ΨһķӦһ䵭Ŷ
֪ģɼ½ָɣ¼½ĮѿѾвֶεʵǲֱҶϳʵңһЦǸ
½̫ǿΪرԤ⣬ԹʵҸ
ʼûܵõԭ£λʵҸ˻뿪ʱľֻʣڡ
֪պαصҪûΥ棬ṵ̂ͼһ棬ûкͼ½ͻڴҲôѡ
о仰˵öԣĪȷʵǻۡ
ͷɭϵļ½ʵңλۺĽȴҶҴ뿪ˡ

ʵұ飬ٴӰ쵽ҵ¼ҡ
ֻǰѹ˾ɷȥ˶ԶģȻʧȥһ棬˾ôڼ壬ԼΪǷȻڹٷ³ⲻ˳ܲ࣬һ¾;⣬һֻ͵Ժ販йأ¼ɵĴ͸ˡ
ҹ˾ܿ챻⣬¼Ҵ߿ѺҩʦҲҵ飬ɼֱ˹ߡ
¼˻æѰʦ취ΪԼڹɷݵ飬ǵ˲ٱĹ¶Щ¶ۿ¼ҴҪûɴ෴ˮµ֤ݣ¼ϲרǲϷͥ
¼˺޵òУǸûа취ƾ棬ֻ̬ķչ
ô󲿷¼µòУٲ˲ϳԼĴȥȻ˼½
ҪǼ½ϹԹףҪǼ½ָ¼ҲŲôҡ
ɲжἾ½ʵҵǰ֮¼ǶȥǼ½
̻̲˼죬Ժͥ󣬰չ涨ͨгѡţͥϢٴλȻ
ϳۣ˲¼Ҿ¼ҩʦƤֱӱ˺˸ɾ
ͷҽԺ֪جģ޷һͷӲȥÿǰչˣżʱͽȡ
ʹˣǲΪ̫ãľȻ˺ܾöûľɼ
ҽʶ㣬ָùĲ˶ùͷزĻǵһμ
̲ס˽ͬ˵ҸоеŵʱڵǸʲôŶԣ˲ɾĶӦðݰȥȥ
ͬμˣҪ˵ŴӲſھûע⵽չͷСǹ˴ǡ
˱ӰʧȾͷⱻĸ͵ҽԺչүүеүүŭ¾ջĿ⣬Ż˯ѵүүЦº·𿴵ĳ档
үүСʱ˵ӱϲһҪʲô㶼ҡҳˣһϲǸӣ㲻˵Ҿ͵Ĭˡ

¼ù֮⣬ܶǵҲù
̫ǿΪȷʵǵǵṩȽԱǵ˱߾
ǵԲ̣һȰɱ¾ǵԴ豸ɱȻԶԶֹΧҵ֧֣ǵ˲ǽҡڳˣϮ߾
˾Ҳǳصģǵôܲܣѡӭս
ڵפǵûʱŵ߾ûֱӼս
ָˮƽǼʶϳһһȺں֮СԼµıԼۣΪ˼绹ָս
֪ⳡսһ浹ֻһù»ʱû·С˽ţΨһһԱ
ֱͬҪЦˣ֪£ͼ½ʱҲȤ½½
½°ͣĿĻе豸ѲһȦüʣǽʱ򻹺ѶϽǲеڿˣ
ŵսӦвܣǽеϢѶпй¶ܡ
׼½˼ɫ䣺㡣
½ܵصͷҲԼҲͨϢİȫʩ
˵ʵӦȺϿȫ
½ףҵʵǰȫͨѶȫ磬㣿
ش𣺡㣬ԷδػϹ
½Ŷһûػ
翴鲻̫ãɹ˹ǣЦ쳣᣺ˣ
ʵϣ½յѶʱ黹ǲģȤ¡¶½
½ǳ񣬵Ȼó״ʱǻزȥ׶ˡ
Լ½˽ⲻνһ½ĴζĻ̾˼½˵ʵԭ򡪡½ϣȥôܲã
ˣ½͸ˡ
ûô͸ɫ
½ЦԼ𡣡
˼½䣬ɫת˻⣬ü½Ӳˡ
½úû˼ͨѶ״æֹ˼ٽսнɻĳսƷ
һ飺
飬ϽɻǸսƷһ¡
ҧ۽ڿⷿеӰپ߳ޱȣһ·϶ͬºߣģ
½Ƽٵӣ˺ģʲôսƷ
ʶƲͷȴ䶼ûһ£ӣóë޵ġȼߵġè䡣
½ʶʲôһ٣
Цһ̯½չʾèǵŴӺ۹
۹˹ϵڹΪˣԭʹ󲿷èƣ˲мʹõèβڳǼʿƼβȲΡָС¶ȵȺʵ޶βûв𣬻ģһ˻Ķ䡢ҡβ͡
ǿһص㣬ѡɻսƷʱһ
ƣʾкèġèģбӡʨӺϲ𣿡
½ѵñҭһѾؿ缸룬˵ҾȻ֪Ͻˡ
纬Ц˵֪ˡԱϲ𣿡
½۲ظ޲ͷص٣ֳĬ룬ʵص˵ͷ
ãҲٻڣʣ벻뿴

69 69

½Ȼ뿴, ϣҲ̧̧°ʾһ١
٣ɲأú뿴Ƶġ
ɨװƵ, ƽ˵ҿȻرһ¡
½Ķֿë, ջǾܾˣˡ
ʵ, 仹Ǻܿɰģָпͺܲ, ֻܿ, һźܾãֱӵ
, ζ˵, һȥԿ
½ĲȻϽôг⣬ҲþܾսƷ˴
٣
Цãһ¡
½⼫, ڿϸһɫ˵ǽźŸոв, ϢǽڲЩͬץڹȥܸϡ
Աһ, Цȴˣ, ˡ
½ֺЦһ, ȥ, 
˵ҲӦֱӹҶͨѶ
翴ŰȥĹͶЦӺüۼȾһĨᡣƬ̺ЦˣվϾñȥ
߰ɣȥһֱ״Ϣ˭
æӦһ󣬾ֱҡ

ε˳½ѵ̫ʱڹץ˸߲
ھԵ֤ǰԷһƱĻ˵ֻܴ¿ڣʧȥֵ
У˴һѲӣѶ˲٣״ȻӦһԡڹܹһѵϾרҵУֶΣڹСʱδ¶ڳˡ
ڹĿڹ͵У¿꣬ɨٵе֡
һ΢ġͬ켾½ĹоëëģܻԼһҪĻ
߸ٿ֣Ҫϣɨ۾Цˡ
ǾȻ˵ȫǾռ֤ݣΪԼͻȻͱ¶ˣŻȥ編ףû뵽ץ˸šǣ㵽׸Ͻʲôôô󣿡
һ޿
ϸߣ˵ˣҲΰսƷصŵģ
߸һ⸱飬ܿʶʲôЦøˡ
ҲºһЩⲻʲô¡ȷһǵͻж鱨Ƿɿڱ߾ôãʱˡ
߸ʼӦɫûϽʵ뷨
Ӹӣϴһۣһص׶Ǿȥס
ж˲Ҫ̫æҲж˺𣿵Űɣ˶һҪ

鱨ռƣһ̴൱ɣǵϳ˱߾ܵش˵Ľһ㡣
ע˵ĸû뵽֮ͣ˼һ»
ǷǾɵ磬вǱκ˶֢ʵԭ򣬵ȻκһҸҩ
ǰһѾþõֶΣܲߵ豸ò㹻ķ⣬˶Էľ档糹׻ָ»صսĴӼѡ
ϾѾԤĿ֤˻ҩãһΪҩˣǼԮ
ǷԸԵľ档
ɻҩѾƹ㿪ǸûлȥֹΨõϺ㹻ĳƷоƳͻҩЧͬ۸͵ҩƷܲǣơ
ΪˣϧۼǲľӢһУǻûз
뷨ȣͺ˺ܶ࣬ʲôԺֱӽ档
ȿֺ磬һͨ⽻󣬾Ϳʼίֱ׵󹺻ҩﻰǿԸǮԴֻҪҩʲô˵
⵹Ƿû棬ʵǼ֡ķܻ򲡵šǲȡ˲ٱ򲡵ķʩҩĿƼչͣͲǰżֹĵ²ٹߡȴһֱ½˿ڽṹʧֱǽͷö
ںò׿⣬ô򲻼
ԱˣһƬãǵȻûߡ
֮ó׺̸ܿ˵ĹٷýҲʼƪ£ֱҩҩҵ󲿷ҩʦ컨׹½ҩǿţʲôҹѾȥսֻˡ
ǿ˹ý
ƫƫȺرһףŰԼҩʦһһ飬½챻·ˡ
ʱЭ᳤Լ½ᵽĿڱڳ֣֢ġҽϿĻ򲡻ߣһƳ̻ҩźתǵľ󲿷õһ̣̲סʹ޳ΪѵҲΪµϣ
лҩǼһжںǵԽԽá
ϣ彡ƽƽд׵Ŀйֵ̫ˡ
ҳ׺ˣҾȥҼл˵ŵرϲͽ죬Ѿҵҽһҽģͷһ
ΪĴҶ֮ϲһۣ鲢ïظʶ
һʼʩ𩻹Ϊ۸еϢҶԽԽ࣬ӦҲԽԽƽ
ȻָۣܵϤϢ
ΪʲôҪʩʡ
Ҷ룬ȷ˵ΪΪֻ
ʩ𩣺
ʩеܽܣϾҩܾ˰ɣʦϽ첻óԴף
Ҷ
е͵룬մ˸˵ĺеϣҪͽ
Ͻ˽⣬濴죬Ͻһ½ʲôһ½
ʩ𩣺һ˫ĳ롣Ȼúпܷ
ݣͬʱתͷ½½ſգߵȰȥ
飬̸ûа롣
½һ󣬻عˣ
Ҷͷ½˷նϵϣͶһƻ
һ׶εҩСѾƳɹСɸѡ֤ЧʺܸߣȥԤƺܳɡҩ͵ҩַͬ䷽ѶȻȽϸߣΪ˼ӿ춾о֤ٶȣһ¸³æ
ҶһɲԤУȻһ뼾½˵ֻз¸»ǻҪһݷʦЭ̡˵ĺѰ𽫿ʼΪڰµ٣׼ȥΣǣ
ҶҾ֪½ôѹեˣҪðԼ
ľһᣬ˵ʵΡ
½΢΢һЦ˵Ǹϰ׵ĺúӡ
ҶͰ͵̾˿ڼ½ʾתȥ簢ˡ

񶪸½ͻȻÿ첻Ǻ񼴽ѶԼʵҹĵҸ㲻׵ҩ
һʼΪ½µУڼ½ܻҩУ˲ԡ
΢ҩʡ
½ûţǰ
Ĭ룬ЦǵĶ׶оѾʼ䷽ڶоģǸõġ
½һüĵ˵ǰȻǸõġ
Цƣ㵣ң
½һ٣漴Ц㣿ڵҵëޡ

70 70

½ٿķǣĿڲһʱ, ζΪĳ¶
ΪǼ, ԼתҲǼʳʱ䱼½Ϊʵο½Ĳż½Ŀ, ½ش, 粻ұǳɰ, Ϊһĵλġ
ɫ, ֪ʱǼ½ĸԸغ˼½䣬½ɫת֮г̡
ӻܴﵽ׶, , , ԸҼ𣿡
½Զһ, ɨЦü, ڽŽһСϣ΢
Ǻϵȵ, û⣬ϿһԸ
𸴳ŵζ̫ŨԼΡȷг̲űȽϰġ˵, 졪ıĻ, ڷĶ, Ȼص׶֣ظ, ܶ˵Ĺϵˡ
뵽ԼŬôҪһ֣㵱ż½Ц
½ƳһۣϢ
õ˵ҳϢǱ˵㡣νɻ˲սƷ㿴ϲ𣿿ǰ㵥
½̲סЦĿϣһܵĵ
㣬ٺ͸߸۹۱ǱǹģֻûԼϽھ°õĳ档

Ϊг̽Ͽ죬ͼ½ͿʼΪԼ׼鲻νá
ȣ˵ǱȻԸչүүõ¾ݴˡ
ͬһϣͨǵѶڷ䲻ͣǣ㻹׶û߶ԲԣȾҡȾңҪүүԭƵϣôҷңҲ
ǱΪͨ翪ģ¾ݵĻ̾һݱ£ҿ϶㡣ʲôҡ
ȷʵû뿪׶ǡȻ϶ѾԴڣֻ׶פִһЩ˳ȴ¾ݵĴ𰸡ͬ¾ʱ¼鷳¾û⣬ֻ˵ҪǾûϵ
ǱȽ˽¾ݣ¾ݵĴȻ᲻ɫöŮ˽ˡ¾ͻȻ뵽¼һ飬һ¾͵
¾͸ѶһֶۣԷϴŻ㱺Ͷҡһ͵һɡ
ҿ˿˵ǣСʱھӣ֪ҼҼҷжϣڱǰ֣
ǵͷ
Ȼţ¾Сʱò졣¼кܶĪļҹ棬¾ֻ꣬СĶײ˼ҳҪ򡢿˲Ҫ򡢳ԷʳҪ򡢲ϢʱҪеʱ·춼Ҫ
ֲǣ˱޴¼Ҵҳ˹ؽաʳȳͷʩ¾СʱһٶȲ죬ͻᱻӽ˹ˮϺܳʱ䣬ڼһڷһ֧ӪҩԲ
ƫƫǼʿƼ¼ֶҩʦôݲֻҪһǾܾȻ
˵ؾȻ
ȻˣСò̫֤ȥǣ䱾⡣
ʮң湤ĸĸᵽ¾ݼҸڣھӵͷһͱ¼һࡢƺԶʱڵĹ𺳣¾ݡ
Ϊ˰׵¾ݣǵǳע¾ݼ˵һһһвԵͷͽ踸ĸĿڽ¾ݽеԼұѣһȥ˾ˡ
¾ݶһΣԸǸĸָ㣬͵͵ռ˲֤ٱ¼ңû¶Լ¼ҳֹͣ˱С
ҪǵıӻǵĽȴû˶Զ
¾˵֮ǰȥҫ۹ѧܾûнӴﳤû뵽̶̼깦Ǿ͹̬ȣҷﻹ˴ֱ֫ӿȥ֫͵ҽԺ¡ԭĳͷס˸£ǵ˼Ƿ˴С뿳֫ˮݹʮӣȻȥҽԺơ
ΪƲΪ˵ǲɫˢñˣȻվʲô˽Υģ
¾ɫҰףǣϽӣӦ֪ǰʱүүҪԼ飬ЩҾͲˡ¼ҺͼȷʵΪңҲϽ˴¼ҵҲܵۡ
ΪЩԺֲ¼ҵҿ϶ᾡأүүͷңǣ޹ˣֱǱ鷳Ҳ֪˶ʲô
¾ƺ޷ܼ˵ľٴ룬ؿ޳ǲԵģ
¾˵ģ²˼άЩң˵ϸæڰ
¾ݿһᣬ侲үүԼʧܣֱҴЩĶ£ĵºûҼµĹ˾Ҫô顢Ҫôչһ˾Դܶ೤ܲҪ𡣡
˵׾¼ҵĴҳ¼˻ָͷ´ԻͣȻܶͷʲô
Ϊ˰ˣǱƳһ
õѡȻͼ½˵¾ݡ
¾˵һʼǾͰ͵үүĲ˵ֻҪչ˺үүͲ׷ҡҲѼ̫ǵ˵û뵽ϣ̽үүͻȻͷ飬֪󲮶ûŹң
ץסص㣺Ҽǵϵͨ籨ţ
¾˵Ҳǡ
ǳƬ̣ʣûʾʲôʱִмҷ
¾ݻش𣺡˵ˣ˵Ǻ졣
æְ¾ݼ䣬֤˵ģ֮ǰһ㡣һƽشҡ
¾涵ؿǣɫ쳣ֻˣǧҪҡ

¼Ϊڶӣרžʹ磬ϸԼʱ磬¼Ķʾǡ
һھ뿪Ǽ鵽ĳЩ飬ԾݴڱءĻԹޣǿ϶ǰ˷þѡҪǾݳҲ鲻⣬Ǿ˵ŰֶͯθأԺ֪жҪꡣ
¼ҷǳϲ¶Ժ販þǼĺӣûܹŰǲ¼Ĺ¶ʲô
߼˵ͨĵطС¹꣬Ҳܽʱ㸺죬ҶλЭѡ֣Ӧ¾ݡ¼ĿǰȽӻع飬ɹֱ滻ҶЭ顣
Ǿ˸Ӧǡ
ֶӼ䣬ע¼ҽӴˣҶͨѶ룬û¸߼½
ºͼ½Щϵ㲻½ͷϣǵǸ¾ݵ˲ʲôöûҪΪôһС¶ı
ǰʶ½ûмʱȥ½ڲһˡ
΢䣬ƫͷ٣֪ͨŵ˳Ǻ¾ݡһκ춯ֱһ㱨
ͷһݣ磬ǿЦ亹乵شӦ

йע¾ݵĶʱ½ʵҲһС顪
ʧˡ
Ϊµնר˼ܣסʵٳĶСɼ½Ը죬һʱͻԶ߰ȫķǿȼﵽSS߹Լ½Ȼû뿪
ļϾסڵڣֳ󶯾ԷȻһ֪
ܵĿ£ʧˣʵڹò˱Ϸë
½ɫļ߻㱨꣬˼ˣҳӹɡȻ⣬ǾǱ˵⡣
磬ϵͳ
½һվ߰ɣȥʲô

71 71

½µû, ʵһ˼˵ķ, ĺڿƼԭûвκ, Ҳüɾһۼû, Բеֱʡ
벻ϻϵͳֶֻëȻװ, ݼδ̫ˡ
½ÿɷ񣬵ʵҴ¥ļ, ϸ۲˳뿪ʼĩֵȫʶ, Ȼһ²⡪
ϵͳ뻻һˡ
ϵͳΪʲôͻȻעżƵ̬ɵĵ, ͲµϵͳڶԵж࿴ء
վֱ, ½ϲڵĸ, ЦʾⰲԱ
ߺͰԱԶһ, һۣʣ׼ˣ
½ЦЦڶԼߺͼԱ˵ҵµϽû, ֤ȷʵ, רҵ鵱ȻҪרҵȥ
, һʿ, ʱʱ, Ըϵͳ͹۵ˣͨ˵黹ǽȥİɡ
ûףɻ󣬵½̫ûκ飬˾СӿʼڸѰټ

õȴĹ򣬼½硣
ʵϣһʼµҪΪһ¾йϵն
ӵͷ⣺ԼҲãԺ販ֳĲۿ۵ҲãǸˡһˣ¶׸ػģܴܲķָ֣ʹ
ֳʵҩʦ飬ü½ȷԼĲ롣
ǵ̣½õܿԼûʶԼָʹˣôĿܣܵϵͳܻ¾ҩӰ졣
½ϵͳ¾ݶо裬µԱȷˡ
½û뵽ǣϵͳһĿƵ
ΪȷǷȷ½Ҫ¾ݡ֪ϵͳڽѣҪٻɵʧһᾡѹ뿪ʱ䣬¾ݺ͵棬¾ݵĶͳ֮ء
Ĵٴγ½Ԥƣ¾ʧˡ
½סüͷʲôʱ飿
ϸ½˵¾ʼĩֲ˵Сʱǰ¾ʧΣգǱ¼ң¼һƬңܶĪԲѣ¾ݲ֪١¼ҵļ⵽ΪƻĿǰСڳ޸ƵҪһʱ䡣
½ЦһһȷԼĲ²⡣
¾ϵͳ粻ʱôΪ¼ҵ飿
ʶϵͳҪ¶ųϵͳĿյǸס
ϧ¾ôȫϵͳ֣ںϵͳ˺ƤҪͷò㹻ϵͳʱֻˣСֶΣȻתͷͱϵͳơ
½ȷ¾ݵϵͳռϸѯ¼˵״Լϵͳ¼˵ȱڡ˳˼·½ҽԺѵǣȻ
ǵʱѸʲô漣ϵͳܵǿдӶ˷µ
ѹֵʱжضرܿҪⲻ˵һ֣
ϵͳ˳ΪҪԴڵΪԴĴϵͳ
ռ½ľ飬ϵͳѡҪһ츳رöӦ¾ѡ
¾ݺ˺Ƥո¼˵Դ˳㻹ԴһߣϧǴȥüʱո͵뿪
˵ǺܿĴҪ
ôߣļߣ磿
ֻ˶ǣ
ʶ㣬½Ѷͷ˵ҵʵΧϵͳ׷飬¾Ǳ߻Ҫעһ¡
һӦʼ½ƺǸ¾ݣ
½¾ݵԨԴ֮һ΢ľϵԼ½ԸͣӦ¾һ֮עƫƫ½ܻע⵽¾ݻ¼ңǲ⡣
½ûлش
ܿĴߣտ촩ֵĹ涨֪ǷϵͳĴڣֲƭ磬ֳֻܱĬ
һִΪ½Ĭ⣬ɸ
¾ʲôرĵط¼ʲôԣΪ׷ߣΪϽҶϣⲻҪԼšߣһֱڡ
½̧ۿ˿ı飬رеǺִŴʶƫͷܿߡ
ģҲְǿˡʧٿܺǰη¸ץסĺڿйأﲻæֻԼ
ɣɳҪ½ŵӦңܷʲôȺ
ˡ
绰û˵꣬½ͻȻƼʵҴ¥ⲻԶһϤӰֱӴ硣
Һ񿴵¾ˡվߵ߶ϸֶӲоСȥ¾ݣʱȾأ¾ԣܾڸ磬㻹Ҫ೤ʱܵ׶ǣ
ϵͳϾҪתƣ¾ݳʵɺϡĿܾϵͳһ׼ڸ¾ݵתơ
ת֮ϵͳ׻ֻ꣬ѵ壬½Ҳȷ
Խˣ½Խǲܵ
ϵͳӴԽ࣬δȷϵͳľ˭ϵѶȾԽԲܷϵͳԶǰȥõѡ
ȻҲ˰һѣ磬ǰǲΣա
ٿȻ½ʶ䣬˷·ӳ˯ѵޣǹηĿֲϢʹѶȻ
ͷһݣȻһߴſҸϣһ߻ش𣺡ڳŵ콢󲿶ȫٷУĸСʱҾܻصǸͨߣǸоֻҪʮӣ½ȵҡ
½йһʱ䣬ôΣʱΣͷһɣȴϲϵġ磬˽˹նڶҿȨޣϷһСȥÿǵĹն˻ụ౨һλá
ԥȨޣһҪȥ
½ٽ򴫹ȥ˳ȡļƵ磺¾״̬֣
һɨŲһ٣ˣޣķࣿ
Ƶе¾˫֫˦ƫƫÿһľżƵĽӲͬʲôһ㡣ܺõؽһЩɻͬʱҲԲ˼½ע¾ݵԭ
Ҽǵ޼һ͸о¾ЩԣȷĿǰ̫ˣ岻ʺðգµľȥ𣿡
½ʣ磬ڸ·ڣȥҪҡ
£йأ
½ûٻشصѶ̧ƿ˴
¥ѲӵİԱǰʼ½ʲôûüڣͼ½һŴһӷӴֱա
Ҫʲô
δĸԱ˴󵨣Ǿһ亹һʧһ½ķȥҪס
½ûһۣżڴ¥ǽһ㣬һ׹ٶȻ
һ룬ڿл˸ٴǽϽƮƮףʵߴ󡢽ʵľ֦һӯƮȻȥ

䵱ֱǴӲŻع
⡢⣿ѵǣŵʱ˵ĻĹ򣿡

72 72

ŵֱǿȼܸ, ˮƽҲ۵ٶȻǴܶ൱ˡô, ɴܵø졢øߵķ룬⶯ͺͼ½֮
ּȻҲ̫ᱻӰٶ, Ծôܿԭ״, ˭½Ƶ˷·ڰƮţ
Ҫ֪õú, һۿȥͷּ½ȫû, ֻ˫Ⱦϸƶ
ǱܵõȿǼ, ½Ҳ̫Υ˶ˣܴﵽķΧѲŵʱĴ˵롣
ж𺳣˵θлǴʹһع½뿪ķ׷ȥ
, ٶ̫ˣһо֣ܵӰٶ½, ֻ½һ, п׷
붯û, ߷ּȥü𣿡
ٶȻûдﵽ, ųٵĿܡ
ֱδ䣬½ͻȻһԾ, ֦, ŵٴɺʮ׵Ĳ, գۼʧֱǵҰ
λֱɫ, һ, ͬпء
ӵλ´ָˣԣϽ֧ԮǼ׷
ȻӦǣͷж󣬼½ǻ׷Լ

޹ǣ½һ·ûմأи˦һͷ¾ݲСУϸ¾ݵ١
ϵͳЭ֫಻Э¾ٶȶ
½ҵʱߵһСͷϣֽŲ˲𽥺£ķ
ϵͳڷ;ת
½ͷһݣ˲̫࣬ǰȥһѳסٺ£Ĳţ
űպ裬еڼ½ƿֲĴпסܵӰ죬ʱһһƬ
½۾գûգһ£ڲűϣһ֧ȳסȻͼ£Ĳţȥ̱ڷ¾ݡ
˲֪ʲôʱŴ¾ݡ
ûͽֺͷˣһ½ҪץסһĲҽУˣǾ֣㲻Ҫԩ޳𣬷Źң
½һ٣㻹ţ
Ȼ¾ݵʹһ״رͷ޽˻ƣҴҲˣҪͷң
½״üͷһ壬ûüڣΣոٿȻļɨɫ
ԥɿ֣͵ǰһ½ܿͻϮУصһ죬֮ϡ
ϵͳˡ
½ͷϾţһͦӵԾ𣬷סһΣǲǱϽ̶ţ˫һδӷذϰ
¾Ŀɿڴʶһ㣬һ룬ͼ½˸Բͺһݺǰ
εڰϽƳɵײҫ۵Ļ𻨡
αӣǰʹɢ
һεڵ棬¾ݴ͵ؿǰѾ˵еºˡɵֵһ̶ȸߵĺϽΣ㵱ȥ
½ôôֲ
ϵͳ˵Ļֲ
¾뵽ѾرյĲţ½һ۶ңֽŲ䣬¼½
½һƳߵűߣŴ˴ţȻоһıĤ
Ӧϵͳӱ޹ռˡ
½ף¾ϵͳıʺֻҪ˵ṩ߲ڲϵ˱ĤͲ飬û
ںṩߵǿаЩϵˡ
½Ȼôɣջ֣Цôң
£ָĲǷǷϵͳԿ촩Աη塣Ϊ촩ԱƷǷϵͳϵͳµǿ촩ֵˣԵֶֻӿٶȡ
Ψϵͳʲô֪ʱŻװŪͼٲ֡
뵽½鲻Խ¶ӵЦݣƫͷȥ¾ݣ¾ݣΪʲô
仰ʲô¾˼룬ȻعܶȻû粻ͷ岻ɼࡣ
Ҳ֪벻ˣΪʲôҪΪʲô
˻ŵòУ¼״ţ½һᣬ߶ڻҫ۹ѧʲôʲôʱѧġϸ۲΢Сܿȷû˵ѡ
½һһɨڲһӣ߹ȥ£¾ݵע
磬ǣ뿪¼ң㻹ӡ𣿡
¾ãȻҡҡͷҵرԼҲ֪Һܶ鶼벻ˣ硭磬ҡӡӦ˯
½شֻвˡ
ûв´ϵͳܿһͲ¾ǰڵֽţϵͳѾ¾ˡ
˼·ǰʱʵҲ˽ͣһܵϵͳӰʶ̽ϢϵͳȷγɹعͿ촩ûйϵϵͳʱ͸Լ˺·һ籾ϵͳչ¾ʧܵļ̾ͻתԱȫ
ϵͳû뵽ĸ촩Ա½ƵģڼʿֻŲɻڻչʩͬʱĵȡһЩˡ
Ϊˣһ߿¾ǣͼýӴǵķʽĹϵһֽ¾͵ʵҸͼ¾Ϊȡļߵˡ
ÿá½ЦӣܷĿĵأǵйذɣ
ϵͳζܵشĵпܿܺǵϵ
ǵȷʵһ̶ϸ½鷳ϧϵͳ̰Ĳƻ˴þ档оɭϣܽ˴һܷƤӵ£½ƭһʱ䣬ϵͳȻķ˲һϵͳڵλãеϵͳܶѡ
½ȥЦ⣬һ˫ֽСζžɡ

ⲻȽ˵ϵͳȷʵǵйϵ
ڷʱصһʾȻ˸£ʾһӵǵס
Էͨ豸˷˼ۣ¶һ両ı飬Ƕ⡣
ŶϺãҿɰǡ֪εóûλеϲ
¾ݺٽӴǵէȻӵĻвȾŭɫ
ϷӦԼĴһĬĬƫͷ
ؿһۣתݲȵļ½üλСǵС˵ļ㵹Ǻʹûٲ𣬵Ӵþˡǲ֪ʹ󣬻ǾǸܸŴģҪǺߣȰ㡪
üۼϷʡ
Ȼ㳤ȷʵܳɫûĵĶ˿ɱȲϻҵҪĿǰȥӵ·ϣˣͱԺǿ
½ʣһ𣿡
Ϊǹ⣬Ц£
½ףǾǺһˡǲ̫ԶоϷ̫У
ϵͳڶڵϣȡһǽ˵ΪЭǵܿ顣
ЦøӲ񣺡ʵǸˣϲ㣬¶ˣȻˣλһˣ
½ûд𻰣¾ݾֵ˾䣺ʲô
ҡҡͷ㲻ӦʲôӦǵʲô
˵ţһǽĳܿ죬ĻĻһΪǵ׳һߡ
ͬһʱ䣬ǽ𣺡ǵʲô

73 73

˵꣬ĿⴥͻȻֵĻ, ˾һ, ˼Żع
ǡôҲ, ǵ׶ʲô
ٴιЦŵ̯˫֣ǣǿûʲôӦʲôô, λ, ǲǷǳϲ
Ǳһ, ʶ½¾, ĿŴ
½ϣÿϷݣ¾ݵе, ȻҲ㲻Լڻʲô
Ǽ״, ȴһ¾, ¾ݰζû֨
¾һʼûʶ, ֱŴȿЦֹ, ŻԼˡѪɫˢʾ¾һѣ, ڷǽϲǿǿסҡҡ׹塣
ǣ㻳ң㾹Ȼңŵ, Ϊʲôѵ, ᲻ֶ˺˵ˣ
ȻѾģ, ¾ܾǾǶ, ųƲİ¹ⶼܲΡ
ΪĪֱԽ˵ԽԼû⣬ͻȻ
ڵļ½¾ѿ쳣ҧʣ㲻ңȴŽƻǵͲö
Ƕ¾ݣһʱЩǵǲǹġ
ɼ룬ŵ˵Ҳǻ㣬ֻǵ㱻á
¾˲ĬǲʣԲǵĻ
˻ǡ
½ϵĶҡתһȦЦǰϵϣĥĶûг
Цˣ⿴Ȼļ½һۣתЦس˵ʣ̫ˣлλҿôȤĳ棬ϧλѧˮƽߵļûв룬ʵź
û˵꣬Ǻ¾оӿһɲԤУעһתƵ½ϡ
½˹䣬̬Уѹûаӷ
ҲЦأûʲôرİãϲ趨õϷ򡣽ұȽϣ˶ϷԼ
ȼ½̧ۿؼȥ
֪ܷĿĵǵǽŶܷѩǵرƵģһ˳Ҳһ˴ڷвڲάֹܡΪ׼ȷɶԽӣҪһڷϣǽ뿪ʱᱻصŶ
вԤӦ飬¾ݺǺһϣӣԾ΢΢Ŷ
½۴һȦȷ˵ģȤЦ
Ӻܲϲ½⸱򶨵ģɫһЦԼȫúܣͺû˼ˡȻɣǰѡȨУתͷסǣŤ⣬УκѩԣɱǲֵܣˡŶǰˡʲôĴӦôڣ׼˭ڷ
¾סһ
Ǻϵ׽ҲԼսϻ۵Ĺѫ֤Լж㣬Ȼ֪ɱǵٹǵѵ㡣
˵һˣܵشǵŴܴǵв֮
رѩǵţһųǶԻ׽ϷͥģҪǵϣ»ᱻǰƤǡ
ǴڰȫشǵȥץôǳŭģͻǸߵˡ
¾ݼǲԼΪʲô֪ЩƶԼĸоǶԵģ¶
ŴȿЦһЦһ˵УҪ쿼ǣа˷ӾҪǽˣֻʱ䣬ǧǧҪԥ̫ãȻɲһ뿴ˡ

ѩǵŷźΣһֱڳ弾½ҫ
û뵽Ҳ벻½ڳǰĶԳ粻ȫռ½λãǵ¾ݵĶԻҲһ
絣ļ½İΣڼ½ǵλһ̣ӵתߣֱǰоȻҲôǴ󶯸ɸ꣬ϾǵµſˣȫƣԷǲЦ˵Ĵ
߸ٺټȺ鼤ܣȴе亹
Ҹղź˵Ҫȥ鷳ǣǵԣʲô£ֲ©ġ
Ҳˣ˸ͣľеˡҰ鷳ûʲô⣬֮֡
ϸǵӶԻ΢˵㾫㲦λ٣óס
£ܿ췴Ӧɫһ¾ͱˣϽ˼ѩǵǽóһǰҹģ̸óĹң˹ϵΪʲôҪǡԣѩǵѵܹܼģ
Щ֯ˣΪ˼½зĻҩлͷ˵Ҳϡ棬Ͼ۾˶ܿó½˱ҩмֵҪðվܰ˽ߣǼֱ׬ˣ
ٺ޺ӣȺ˵ĶǲҪ˼㣡
߸øѩǵŽȨǺ֡Ǹʲô˴Ҷ֪ѡѡ˸й׵ļ
ȻҲų̫¾ݣ˽ѡĿܡ
ѩǺгóѵĿܿ⣬ǻпѡسŵǵѡˣǸܡ
ˣֶǾˣڳ˶޷ҪָожӪͽɫȷʵǸݲĺ÷ӡ
ΪˣŸԵѩǵ֡
߸ٿѾ뵽ʲô磬˵ܹܼģ¾ǵľٶ̫ˡڵǰԽǵ͵ԽãǷĸߵ֮ǰ˺ͣоϿջû˷ֵΪǷƶڲǵˣ
²ֹѩǵпǸӣǵҲǰô򵥡
֮ܿǰûŻȥƽ߼½ãߣٶͿԱȷΪǵй¶ٵԭ򡣲ǽ½ȻأڲļǵжΪʲôǡôǴΪǵͬǵ.ִǵĵṩõĹڦڡ
ٺ͸߸Ҳʶ㣬ɫ÷ǳѿ
һǲܷǲҲˣ

λϲȷʵһ֣һ񣬵Щ𡪡
ֵһ㣬ʵ¼Һ͵Ժ販Լ½
ǼǺ޼½ǲԴͷ棬ǰԺ販ͨĹϵǵźĳЩĵĹṩ˽˵ıͬѹһϵ飬Ŀģü½Ըѵ
¼ĿǰĻңϵͳΪڸԼµĺۼġǴȥļʱ¼Ⱥ˻ȺҲˣ˼άٶõ³Ҳ⡣
ڶ㣬š
λٷǵΪſӽˣܼܰ½ãܲҲųһٿͷ
㣬ϵͳͼ½ļߡ
½µûûϵͳҪռһԲԭͼ½ĲЩ롣
ԣֵķǷϵͳ˶޷ȫò
һ̴壬£½ɽ粻ò֣Ȼ㲻ΪѣȴҲѰ
ˣɬޱȣٳٿǸڡ
ƫƫӾϲʹӣŽһ½˵Уʣʮ룬𣿡

74 74

ӵĻɫ΢䡣
¾һֱ, ״һšҲ֪Ϊʲô, ֻͻȻ͸еӵĿ쳣, ԭ뱣סǷĪĳ嶯٣˻ûӦ, ѾȻ¡
ǡ, ҡһ㲻Ҫһ˺òã
ԼʵŨŨܸ߳޷˵¶ǵĻ, ҧŴۺǿضǵ˫ۣ, ̡
ԼƵı飬㱼, عĿ͵һ, ׹һʯͷֳ, ·𶼼Ѽˡ
γԼƽ
¾, ʮûһʱҫ۵ӰֻҪһ𵱳¾ƾ߳ΪԼΪ˲ȡһĳеѪͲʼڡ
ǹǰе
¾, Ѫ
ݡθССܵĽڹ˽֮Ӧѡǰߡ
¾жٰĽϧ, ӦóΪԼ½ӲԵɡ伾½һڹй˲, ѡƽȻȻ½ķб
һ, գЩˡ
ϣǵڷĻǻԣȻļԱɼ⣬˸ƣһжģȷʵҪһˣҲڷɶԽӺԶغص棬ʱϣ
Ǳ˱ۣȴ޷赲ۿɬ۾˶˫ۿ
¾ͷ̻̣Կ
һˣ¾ݣ˵ݣ£ǻһģҲһˡ
¾۾һϲףӿŵŶһ
Ǹ˷θĻԳУѾˡô²£ǴĻ
ֱ¾Ѫɫһɢ΢΢üɫؼȥ
ŶĿ˲żУǲǴĽһŶţͬޣҲҪͬѨһθİѽҶжأ
˵ӽסޡ˺һϷ
¾ݲŵؿǣ̬Ѿָ࣬˿ûз˼˲̡
Ϊʲô
ֱ
ܶѾǲɲ֪ô£Ǿѡ½ָоͷֻкǳԹͻȻѿɴŨŨԹޡ
ƾʲôƾʲô
ѵñȼ½Ǹǿ
ʲô˼
¾ԽԽģв;ߡɴݵļ½һ±־ĺ䣬糱ˮӿϣûȫǻҷ̱ǽߺ
ȥˣҧҧӣܱ֤سŵ𣿡
޹̯̯֣˭֪أҲֻˣҺ㣬ѾԽˣľǣ
˵û¾ݺͼ½ڷϣʱѩǵŵǵ˶໳ǵãǶֻܰǵĹϷ
ͷҲûʲôԥˣת½ϣüֻҪǱ֤ȫҿԽȫװȥǡӦǶˡ˻ǵҴӲΥŵԡұ֤һֶȥʱҪɱҪϤ㡣
ȷʵǸԶŵˣһ㲻ͬŻĵ˶֪
ѩǵźв֮𣬶ǵŵ˵ûʲôĥɱջһ̣ڣѩǵ˺˲Ϳʼҡ
¾ݿ޵˺ѷΣȫעⲻ磬ʶ֤½ƽԹ޷ڲϢģ˫ȾԹ
ûע⵽ھѩǵ̸½ǿһЦ
ֳʵʵЦʵͻأ̴̸
Ӳؿ½ɭɭģŶԭǼһ㶼£ôǾԼ㹻ž뱣㣿
½Ŀɨ򿪵Ĵţһе°ڣվ˸
Ӻʱôӹɫˢúˣһηϣһ̶ܴ춯ûüſвͱ½ϡ
½᲻ص˵һԣŵʱôһСӲѡ񣬴ȫҪΪһˣر˵ĳˣҪعѵ
ǵһ£ۼ½ߵϣȷӦվŭΡ
ѡȶСԲѣһĲҽң
δ䣬½ѾſվʮĴ󺺣ǱѺǵǵһȡ
ǵû뿪ʣ΢һ㶣ӵŭг½
½ܶûһ£̩Ȼһֻ֣ǰôһ侫׼ס˳ǰǵ
ǵȥƱһͷԤиգۼ۱½סһͷؽᣬѣ֮Уǻ½˦
ͷμĿɿڴ
ٴμ¾ݺһ
μĪ
½ɨһۣǰ̤һ
**ᣬƤ޸ִС
˦ǵɨֳʱʮǵһ֮Уһ⣬ȫɳȥеߴﹾԶ춼еĲˣֲľҽǽڣڹʲôпҲٲ
ܵ˳ÿǼǿȼͣûνɥ
ˣӵǵҲʹֻ࣬ûͷɢ飬ת֮һģ鲻ԽŻ
½üͷһǵ³ǳ²̫ÿ
̾˿ǵ죬۷һѽݺݰϽƳɵǽУǽڱȰһδӡ
ǵ۵òҽ£ûѳһϢ
½ڶԷ°ϲ˲֣޳Ǹϧƣʲôʣʻѧ˵ǵǡ
ӣ
ǣ
¾ݣ
½ע⵽Ŀⶼϣ΢룬òԵزһ£ؿһҺҲܺˡ̬Բѵڳˡ
ʲôûʵ˷𣿡
ӣ
¾ݣ
ǲ֪뵽ʲôЦΣա
½Ŷһ̧ۿһ㣬ȰƮգ۾͵˽ǰ
ظоǴĶһϽֱӰ
ɫ˲Ӭһѿ˲졣
½˵ֱ˱ȳȣ¶е΢Цݣܺ֡
תͷ¾𾪵ӣϺƵؽͣģַĽṹֻܴһСǸҲ˷ǰȫġ
¾ݸܵĿ⣬ӾţҲ֪뵽ʲôͷƺ¼½
½״ü˷ʱ䣬סһһ̫࣬ƽĵطԲΪԼγһֵ
ƫͷ۷ŵͨѶĻʹļ׵ֵǵɥĲײޱȣһġ޹ġĿԱ֣ѵʹ𣿡
ӱܴݲУ
˵ʲôٰĻظһ
Ҳĸң˭ȽײУ

75 75

½Ȼҡ
Ȳ˵ǿ촩ֵ˱û, ˵ˣʵǵҪ
оϻСʷʤдȽ, ڳûһĶ, ôô
½һ, ˵ļƤĨĨ۽ǲڵᣬϵؼߣǵȻ, һŹʵҹĵСǲǱǴߵģ
һ, ش𣺡ʲôС, Ҳʶ
½ŶǾǸɵˡ˻ˣ, ǵ, ƻ, ̫ƻˡ
ӣ
¾ݣ
Ǽߵˣ
½־㤵ı޶ãн, üŬ¶еı, ûάּʧˡͷһ, Ҳñˣŷʾ, һƶȻ׺
¾ֻ˼½һ, ֻʣĿ־壬һһСξ룬û, ſڵɪɪ
½ĮĿһӶ, ʾһͷӡ
ȻСп֮, ϾʵҵԱҪҪô뾭ҵͬ⡣һԽߣԵҺûӣܲԡڸʱ䣬Ұ˷ŻȻҲ
ӣǣôǵˣǰ׸ʲôģ
ǣ˵ôΣյķԺ𣿼½㵽׻ǲǵԼʣ
½Ȼ򣬵ݸ˵öԣҲʣҸԼָ˳µˡ
˵꣬ҲӦųֱ߽ѩǽС
Ǻ֪Լղ˵ۼ½ӰͶʧһѣٹ˲࣬ʧҶΣҶξ
£ع˷ܵعЦ·ߣҵĵ̻ȫˣΣУУҪл̼ǣһһǸԴһѵ
ѩǽڳǰ˸죬ǽвٺʽϷսСͻףֻҪжǽԴӦ׾һֱ
½ֿȭǽͬ뻢ȺҪץ練ƣ
Ӻܹ˼½֮͸¶ӣһη֣ǾͷҰ޵ĺУޱȼ׷ȥȡ
Ȼûմѵһ죬ѩǽٿȻҵĻζһȺ˿кȻֹȲסȥ
ӱεαײ˺ü£ͷĿѣΣÿץס󸱲ûˤ
Ǳޱȵ̧ͷŭģƿڴմµĹǺȴһл½
ؼţǹﰡСͻ˺ˣ
ˣ
һ죬Ĳʹ̶ĦƽʱײеѩǵȾŨŨη塣
һܻףܣܰ
˻ߵźУƤź;Ťɼӣʶ˼ۼһܻױǶǽĺϽǽڣ˫һڵϡ
ܳΪѩ죬ȻҪһǵá
ǼСͻ֪ĸڻܿϽǽںϣۼʻûǽ΢΢
ʶǽλζô£ɫ䣬תſ̨ȥһһк󸱡
زţͨţ죬죡ϵСͻԴӦס
ʶٹرբţϵлԴӦɫҲˡ
죬ԴӦڻֵô죿ǻᱻģ
ݣɡû𣬸ղǼܻǶڻˣ½ûκ˵ôһģ
¶֣ѵǵԺ販˵Ѿܵߣ£ǻϵߣѹҪ߰ǸûԿ̲סĨ˰ģ̫ƽˣǻôΣҩҲû˭ɹܣһ칫ҵľȻñǻ硭
ҧҧ˵ܼˣȻһˣ֮أ
еϧϧӦǵԺ販˷ˣԷӸá
󸱻û˵꣬ͻȻһŶôϧʲôãϸ˵˵
һޱ߿־дãСתͷɨɨ
λã½ֳֳվ˵Ųǵƫͷ˸Ƿ
ӺʹֽŶһͨһڵء

ΪϵͳĴڣ½һʼûѩǵź;ᳶϹϵֱ˿̴˿Ժ販֣ŷǸһ˫ľ֡
۴ŹڵϵӺʹ󸱣½һ絽α£óĴ󸱵°ͣȾϼϷʡ
˵ղŲ˵ͦô˵ˣôָʹԺ販ġ
ֱһֶ˵ͷ亹ѿڶšŶˣôģ
½˵⻹ҪʣȻ߽ġ
󸱻һʶ˵ܣ
½ϡΪʲôܣ
û˵ѣȷ߽ġзҩʱΪԾпļҩѾһ׶о׳ʲôֵģھļӳ£ʰ̨סͨ϶ʲôѵģ
ֻҪ˾ȷ÷˵ЩֱӴݻٻ׻ǽĿϵͳΡ
½߹磬Щ˵ǳʶǵûʶż½ĻҪΪ½ܣҪ½ϵߵͷ
ôû˵ĦȰ½Цûڻǻϵߣӿһһˮ
Ӻʹ󸱣ôĦȣ
½ת˼ȦЦݸˡ
ǵߴڣĵģͺƵġ޹أԲܴߣ˵ǺϵͳкϵϾΨһߴڼľϵͳˡ
ϵͳʲôֶμ½һʵĿӦȫŤḶ̌߻ҵµأӶֱո
һʼǳȥģ߲ƻеѡ
ѹҩĽô֣ѹ־ƽҩȣ
ԭѾܵӰ죬ƶ൱ڰ־ԷᷴԲйˣ
ǺôθڣҲ°Լˣ½žһ˦棬˵Ĵ죬ҴĵطˣСֶΡ۸ҵˣʹҵ˼𣿡
ķǷϵͳȻҲĵߣ
Ȼûյıףѵĵˣ˵ˣͱˣκθ˻ﶼ
½һ㣬жתĥܵǵĹؽڣֵŽǴӸµؿǡ
˵ɣģ
ӸεѣͰ˵Ҳ֪Ĳ֪ҾڸյоϿյʱһΣûͳС͹۹⽢뿪ѩûƭң
½Ŀת󸱣󸱷ͷﲻֻö϶˵ǡ
½û˵ѣǳÿ
ղŷϴڵкܸߵҪ󣬾֮һһĳΧϵͳ޷ϡ
֮ǰڸŷԽǽԷںܿѾ뿪
һߣҵϵͳˡ
½ۣ͵ЦûϵֻҪţҾа취ҵ

76 76

½һЦȻ, ɻϢĪ⡣
ǵ, Σ, ôһЦʱëȻ, ڵϴҲҳһ
½ʳָη, ܿ
ûϵϵͳ˾, ֲû취ϵͳʵ, ΢ƻһ, Ƴ
ת, 뵽ϵͳ߼󡢱ҩչ̺¾©ٳ嶾ҩһܵ˼·
ǵŽ೤ʱˣ½óһ, νˣǸһģ
ɫ΢, ǿ, ƺǳ⡣
󸱼˵¼½˲죬ڵ䶯Զ죬Сؿ˿ڡ
ǺͿһġѩŶʮ, һʵǿƹѩһٶ, ȥһʮꡣ
½жû˵, һͷǵһμʲôʱ, ǵǰ˼𣿡
һ, ȻͷɫضŴ󸱣в󸱲Ҫ˵
󸱸ղű½ж˹ؽڣѾ˵Υ½ֻûɫ֪޲޲
ʮǰҼһߡʸ˵һһʮǰӴߣʮǿߣѩź͸
½ϸϸ׽гֵļʱ㣬ζ
ǹϵеǷΪ࣬ǺΪ˻ȡҩ
û뵽½񣬸Цûش
½û⣬˵˶ǵȱȽϴȻǵں򲻵ʣΪתͷ׺׼˷ֹǵ͵ļ֮ԸΪµϡû´Щ߾ǰǰӵҩʦ
յǼʱ򣬾ʹӼ߼˽⵽ʷǼʵġСѹ¼ʱ֪ǷϵͳĴڣΪչ
ݼߵļ䣬ѹ¼һʱҩʦǣͷʮԼзҪҩ߼̳ǰҪҩҩʦ룬Ͷ뿪ǰϱݣʱڵúѩӴ߶ϡ
Ӻʹ󸱲֨ſڵϣס
½ףǾˡϣʵʵͷδزܵõǵıӻϧ̰ᣬԼеʲôҪӦзĳܼҩƲ磬ҪΪ챨𣬸ɴӡղ㣬ùָָӣͬ¶ʵ飬ףұһ
ϵȫ𴩣Ȩױ½ռݣڵϣһ붯
η壬ڵϣöͷŵأԾȫ̬
½һЦǾǶˡ
һжˡ
һٶǰλʱҩʦϵͳѡУΪһϵͳĺƭойصҩܿȡνĽ׶Գɹһٳ
ĲŻҩʦУЩ˻ԸܵƭҩϵͳطܣȫСϵͳյĿŤķչֻ̣һҲָʹʮҩʦѹ
˵·ϣϵͳܼҩðڵʮ˸˳Ϊһܵˡ
ܵشΪܸӣߵĳֺܿע⡣
ŷ̽ĻᣬϵͳʮߡԼ۳ȥֱӽ̾Ǽʶꡢ߿ƼƵļҴ;Ӵҩһǧɣ˵ӭͷϳ
һ㣬Դʮ˸ѹûϵõ֤ʵ
Υ緢չɵҩܴڣܹʾ߼ҩȻԳȡΪۡ
ϵͳûڶʱ°½²⣬ϵͳʱ־Χ׷½أҪȻҲڽЩѡ¾һ
Ϊ˽ԼӦ־ߵѩǵţȴȶٴȥȡ
ЩϣȡóɾͣȡҩʦЭ˸߲Ρ
ʱֻҪٴһЩ󣬾ܽܡƹ㿪
һҲ;ոʱˡ

ϵͳƻͦãϧ˼½¾ݻûüճΪ嶾ҩ̶
ƻܴ죬ϵͳܵĴɲһǰ㣬ֻͳˡ
½ŪϵͳĴˬǵǵº˲١
Ӵ͵ſһᣬ½񣬺ȻЩʣϲȤ𣿾֪ҩʦûԭҩϡ
ЩϷǳҪԹһ߶һ׷ҩʦܺĶ
½Ȼ˵˵ûȷʵϺܸȤô
̸飬ֻᷢʵ˫֮䣬ѩȺǵĶ֣ʲôʸ̸
ǿʳǵĻ̫ˣҭһ£˵ϲصúأûָҲ
½⣺á
ʲôزأ־ɲɵֻҪ϶ƽҩչкôһϡ
ӣ
½һӳ裬תͷ޲øιȥĴ󸱣ǸˣӦ֪ôڣѩǵŴӪľλá
ܹͽ˺׵ļ½󸱸˼ٴöͷסʾ

ƽϢӺѩǽ˽ţ¾ݳķԶ룬ͬ˵ص档
½ǽһ룬Ļ̶ҵҵǵǴǽÿϵһһƺãܿͰǽˡ
½ȷûһǵֽͨ콢ͨѶ
׺ܿʾϣ½һĿƵӣ̲סЦ
ҺܺãûˣĿǰӹѩǽ׼ȥǵĴӪ
籾˵ʲôͼ½´һ£һǣЩ˽ֻʻض
һȥ̫ΣˣҵĽϾ͵һ𡣡
½һһ豸形ŻһȦİɣսѾˣΣղ
翴űͦʬǵ
ſ˼۵ĸ߸ٺ٣
˲ԼͬĬ룬ȴӳлĵƲ̫Ȼ㶯ˣ岻ãøôصĻ´βҪԼѾ
޹٣
½̬ȣ˵ûǲҪæЦݲᡣ
ǰЩ̫ˣҲֻø˻˵ĳû˴͡
ٺ͸߸٣Ļ˵ĳǸ
δͬ˵һһ㡣ǵӣ֫жˣǳսѾֻʱǡ
½˵Щ˵աѩ˸صķӦѾ֪ˣ֤˳ҵ֤
֤ȫһ˭ѻ˭˵׼ء
Ȼ׼½˼ȻܾЩСи߸ٴ͹ˡŲûиСţΪһıͳ⣬ȥѩӪ
½ùõ棺С磬һη˼࣬Ҳϣ﷭뿪Ҫһ㹻ǿƵ˱֤ҵĺں·ͨ˸ңִ֡
˶٣۾һһ˵磬Ҳαˣֻ㡣
綯һ٣ż½˫ۣ

77 77

֪½Ϊ¹˵仰, ͳԼ½һ, Ϊ½Դһۡ
ֱ׵˵, ҵ㡣
, ޹κ, ֻغ½ˡۼ½ʵжǿ󡢾жḻĵǶʧ
½̫뷨ˣе㻵۵˵ô, һұȥ
ĬȻƬ̣ԼĹնˣٺұ硣
½£ô֣ڲͻ౨涨λͨ
ش𣺡ҿ㡣
½عζֱû뵽㻹áҲаɡ
еϡ, ǹŵʱڲ˵ϹŶ
٣ȻֱϽǲô, ɲء
߸٣ʲôرȤ
λ, ƫƫû⣬ֱôǵӪ¾ôˡ
˻ǱǲѾ֪ǵˣһһէ, Ҳֱи
أҶλᰲҲϲ˿㲻ͬƽʱӡ
еС, Ͻ
ϾСûиһ֣ҪҲ֮С
ٺ͸߸٣ˣ

½һûһ죬˫ǽȫʻ, ܿƫſɼӷΧ̫
ǽڶԽ, Դǰѩǽ˷², ־Ŀкͼ½ٺͲսʿ°æ
½Ȼᷴԣ˳飺Ҳ֪ͨһõϣֱӴ
ʱҲ˼½ǵĶԻȷϵǰͽߵȷʵѩǵŴӪ½ͷɣȻص׶ǣһὫЩǵ鱨֡
Ѷ鱨ָרҵڳණ
½û飬˵ǸԺ販Ҳ󡣶ˣмҪȷһ£ѹЩҩʦǲûнϽ
ûӼ߼зϢǰʱоʱΪҩˮƽϵҲûעᵹе״
ףΪ˱ֵ֤ûύϣ׼ͼ临ԭ
ǵԱΪṩ˲αӻû뵽һҩʦô磬ˮһա
½Ȼʮ˸˵ϵͳƻõˡ
֪ϵͳӲ£ûٶʲôֻӽٿܣʾ֮ѩӪҪָ·תͷȥ뿪
֪һֱǺܾòܼ棬кǲᣬǽſڶסŲƫͷȥ½
ûʲô˵ģ
½һ֪ʲôЦЦʣ˵ʲô
ûлش𣬶ż½ӿü½еİ
˶һ½Ȱֻǳһ˶ѣǻѶȷʵܾûмˡˣ硣
һЦǰһյ½ߣִϣ΢΢ͷĶߣҲˣ
ǽڲֹ⼷ż½½Ŀռխ
ȵĺڶϣһȶȣӶʼ˳ѪҺ֫ٺü½
ƺϡ˲٣½ЩһſڵĺϽǽϣɫýıԼ¡
Źûᣬٴǰ½˫ۺǽ֮䡣
½״ü磬ԽԽˡ
Բѣʺ׷ˡ
½̲ŶҪһӵݱ𣿡
һ㶡
Ȼϣ½Լ½˽⣬Ҫܱܾܿһʼû㣬ֻϣ½ܶ˵ͻ
˭뵽½Ȼˣ
룬֤˵ҪӦң
½ᡣһϽٵںں棬ôǰʵ̫Ҿ͵ˡ
ûûƤ
Ųⱻն˵Ҫ
˵Ҳȼ½˫һֱӽ½ӵУָ½󱳣ؿڵȶȣ̾һ
½Цˣ˻ᣬֻס۾
ͦ˼ġóˣһʱ
Ҳ۾ұһᡣ
½ûƿֻٱһСᡣ
磺á

𣬼½صţٴζǽϵͳи졣
һֱװƵټ½빤״̬ڸ˵ˡ
ǽķϵͳǽǾ˿ŵĸ죿˵Щʧȥѩǵŵٺֱܵش
½˵֪ǵͲʲôԶŵȺ壬ѩԭ˵ϣˮײ
ٻȻ򣺡Ϊѩǽ˾лͣơͣ
½һЦԡֻҪǾѩǵźŴ˽ףȲɰתսˡ
ٸпؿ˼½ۣ˵һߣٴż½
ò˵ܹ׷һλ˲ţϽʵǸ˲õ缸꣬Щ˭뵽ϽһôС
ƼϽں˵ȵǷ׶ǣϽ¾ͽء
ԽԽӦѷǮ׼½ֵֹģ࿴˼ۣûﲻԣͷԸ˴ǽϢŸɾĴ濪ʼĿ
ٺµսʿɫûȥ˵طϢ
޲ʻ죬½ǽϵͳܿߣֿ˼ǵţƽܵش
Ϊǵŵϳܵشȼ½лҪЩڳԺڼֱǼҳ㷹
½æŸ·αܿˣ̫ջսĽӣ˼С
˵ܵشǵŶܸԣڻ˴ҩģżղһЩɫС⡣
ȻӦط
Ǹǳʺɵĵط
½ӡ
òѵͻȻëëģ
Сۼ½ûӼ½ı￴κζߣֻ˼½թ
˵ǵƻЩԱƻòã
һ·˶鷳Щںн͵ǵһˣأӰӶûĪײһΪԹֱӴ
ǵ˳ǾǲݣرǴǵţ˴֮䶼ɵ͵ˡսһ죬̶̼ʱ䣬ԭܵشǰļǵžΪսһͿأǵһӵϹϷֱ֡ӱʷ

½ֱħ
벻ͨ½ôģżǵŵĸܵشÿʼµˡ
ǽӹйؼ½ǵţȫĪˣ
½䰡
ǵڸŷĪļ֣ǵŵʽǵ֮ĸ񻰴˵ȵȣǳһѧӦеӡ
½֪ǵи䡢ꡢصشͷǽѩӪ˼ӻˡ
ָǽ䣬ƫͷӣǼҴӪбǵ𣬹ģô
ӣ
̧ۿ½ּ½ȫԾԾԣȻ
㡢Ҫʲô¶ı飬ŹСһίֻסԼҡǶ.已̥ģ
½
½ܲ˼ؿӣ˵ʲôôĿԱǻ˵𣿡
ӣ
ʶͨż½ŹСͻµĴӡ
½
ٺսʿ

78 78

һ˵һ, ֹǵ, ŵսʿڽѩǽʱıҲԶ𺳡
½ʲôˣ
, ھž, ǸҪضԴȫšǸȫŶͿй, ܶŹ𣿣ʹд˵һԶʰΥҩ竣ʲôսٺ, ҲֻǺԱȶѣ˭߱, ͽ˺ף
ѵǴ˵˵Ĺŵ
ֻһ˭˭ȣٺŵսʿںйʵڲöԼ½κ, ֱ˿, ½¶߳뷨
ĵĵ
ΪʲôҪΪѶȣ
ټװûп½𴩵΢棬ǰȰ, εҪĿǻȡϣ֮ܵشǵֻС⡣Ȥ´Ǽһ档
½, ĵģ㿴ɵĺ£Уôѵ뷨ˡ
ӣ
ԩ
ӣǸͷ, ڳÿ˶ƷһСζ
½ǳˬ
ͷ綷, ͷһת, ˵ǼԱֲãӦúֲִ࣬һĺǵ˳ͻ鷳ô죿
½޶ԣѵóһˣҪزȥźá
ٺսʿȵȣеزǵ
ӣ
ܵشʢǵҪ˵ǵز⻹ǡе޷ء

ڼ½ǿӲٵεͬزҪ
½ǳ⣬պԼѶֱһ˵͵߽ѩӪ
פӪصǵǿԼϴڲʶ£ýļǰûϼ䣬½һһжȥ֫ؽڡ
ҽУ䣬Զǵ֪߲ƣ׷׳ɤӺϮϮ
˲쳹أѵصǵӵֳǰŹ㳡̼Χ˼½һˡ
½Ȥػһܣǵǹȫ׼ҪֻϴϲƷŶľ̾
ⳡ棬Ǻء
ϡǵãϵĿ羭ֹΧǵĻ棬ͬ
ò˵뿪ˣֲ۵ĳ棬Ҳõ˱л
½룬ԲԼ
ɨܣȷԼȫվϣǵǽŵעһغϽһһĨһСáеİ
ڳǵĽŤų޷۵רúϽ𣬽ס¶𾪵ı顣
½޶ãһεľư.˺ѿһļХ
䣬ɨһǵͬһ
ǵܵţ俪˻𣬿ǰһ٣һըţһܵըöᣬ͵ʱҡ
ǰᵹǵǡöס򣬵Ѫ
ȥƲݿ赲ǰһϰβһ촷γɵϸߣţǰĳҪܲſһϸ
һǰűһ⡣
绡ҴܶŽذкգۼ˵δµǵߡ
ǵǿȼжߣԺ͸ѹй¶Ȼû̫ߵĵֿ;ȫʧȥжͨͨڵϡ
ͬһʱ䣬͸ǰţ½µľжϹ㳡ܹ·ֹй
кɨǵȫ̲룬ֳٴεתڵĿ磬ûվŵĿɿڴֱԼ۾
½ȴ΢΢ף棬˻
ҽصڻǰŵĹ㳡ϣ½⻰˫һȥ
ӣ½Ƿӣ
½תͷһۣٺŵսʿǼ½عͷ֪Ѿʶܾٵжǰ
½һ٣
طӦסеΣѾе죬һתҧܸ߳žž
ˣ
ҲعСƵ̬׷׶Լ½ࡣ
½ˣǫ˵ࡢ࣬Ϊ񡣡
ٺŵսʿǣ
½Ҳǵ飬еߵߣ̧°ͣû˵ﻹôǵפء
ɪɪҪ⣬ſŷԼ²
Ҽˣ㵸ڵϱȻʾǼ½ûʡ½˼ջؽţǳºͣº͵üα
˭ĵңٽꣿ
ûǱ½ŵ½֨ʱŤ뷨ֿ޶޲Ĳҵ
޿ڵϣ룺ûˣɡ
½ûŴٰ˴ϣѰǵϵԡ
ۼ½˺һĻаһָʵʵһУڵż½򿪹룬ҩתƵԼĹϡ
½ⷭ˷ϣܿҵ緢չǻֱ֤ݣǹһЦ
ȻûϣϵͳڰǰͿʼƻŤһˡ
뵽Ѿϵͳкļߺ֢磬½һ㻳ɣܾߵ»Ĭ³ɵ㡣
ΪһܵĴߣĺϵͳûϵ
½ۿԼĹնˣװϵĹԽ٣Լߵһȥ˵ˡ

½˺ǵʱһֱĬؿţȫûиеκβʡ½˺˵¶Цݣŵøտ꼾½ݵĸ߸һ¡
½ϡģЦʲô
ֽ߸ٴߣ½ˣֻǸˣǰӲΡ
ȫûеĴ
½ˣȸʲôۡ
Ȼȫûзйε̽
۾һԼĴ⣺ǰܺãҿǹҺûд𰸡
ڿҪ𰸣ռȻѡ
½ƫ˼·ϸ룬̫ȷػش˵ڱȽϺã
ɫһԹ
½Ȼػش˵ǵûУҿûְáû¾ˣǸ¹ⶼûŹģͦá
磺
½ǽһüۼϵƣ磬㲻ôСģҲһԤƵܼˣҲҪԴ˱տڲ̸
Ĭ
½˵㲻Ϊѣתƻ⣬ҸܵˣҺϲ⡣
ЦһңģһҲ
½ͷû˳綼Ҳһҵ´ϸ㣬㿴һһٶʮǰǷݻרصġϷǳҪйأȻµҲһ
ࣺá
½·˼ı飬˵ۡ
̴½ۣȾ֮ɫˡҴȥݼ١
½ԹУûиزЩǵ鷳
總˵̫ûɫˡ
½˵ǣѩǵųۿѾõϣϽϵزʵû
ߵ׼߼½µ˵٣
ǣ
˶֪ǵͬк
ȴͬ˵£ǱԽԼһЩʱ
٣

79 79

ûԭ̫, ½ɨֹг, ѯԵؿ١
æµϢ߼½
½Ȼͷ, ѩȷǵŵսʿ, ٶජŵӡ
ع㳡ոֳĶ̫ѩʵֲȫƬ򣬸ǵŹѾע⵽ˡ
սԾư൱׼, Ȼ©Ҫ
Ӧ˵Ѿ֪ͨǾ䡣һῴģϾǵ, ˽ʲôٶ˵Ƕÿ㣬Ȼһǵˡ
½䴽ǣǲǸ𣿡
ʡҽɵء
ٱľľģ
½˹Ĩƽ°ϵ壺ǵ, һרȥȡһز岻, ʺϾ˶, ұȽϺáŵϲоϻԶֺأҪÿһϲ
ѵ뿪һ׶ǣɫôУ
ǵԸ, ϾҲʲôħ
٣, ǿһ㶼ϲ
½޶ãǸǵҲ, м۾, ˶֡Ҫעһʱ, Ҫһζˡ
ٳĬƬ, ǵŵһ򣬺ΪŰõģһת
½תͷȥ£ϽºرָһּҪһֺͽйء
ôãʵѾٽϡ󲿷ǰؿй򿪷̶Ȼ˸ߣѾչ־ʣֻǺٲ붷ĹԷǳֻͣозһá
ʶȣͬиײ΢СĲͬȵȡ
½˼ƪĵƣϿ⼸оǾıоӡ֤һٶʮǰƪĵ۵㡣ڻҫ۹Ҳоֱ˼֣⼸λҩʦѧҵоͬӡ֤۵㣬ҼλѧѾڻҫ۹ۻʮߡ
µתܿ϶½й۵㣬֣ر֤һٶȽϽҩʦЭᡢйزšͬʱΪ֤ʵ룬Ҳύһݱ棬ʦЭᡢҽᡢʦ˵֯ռ߾ԱϢ
½ҷġҪ䣬һҫ۹λʵۺܿǼʵһࣻڶæύһ룬ȡ¾зҩϸϡ
ҫ۹Ŀʵλ档
ǰǣԴݽߡǵ˵ϣڱ˶װԼʱһŵʱС˵ĥ¼ڼһܼı졪
һɷƵֽػϵӴ޻˵콢ǽһ֮С
ֲܺͿ촩ֳļ½Ȼ˸ټΪߵˣڼҳǵķһ·˵һ۹
Ǹ͵ĻߣȻΪԼǸʿ
½ʱϣ;жζǳУǾʱսᣬʱĿʼһλԻͣһλԻ衣
ᵽλ棬µѵÿһ£˰ų仰Ľ
˼ǣɰǰǳҩʦҾΪڸǽ֯ģҲ⣬Եҩʦʲôô
߼ҫ۹ѾֹӣӦܵ˼ҩʦӰ죻
¾һСʹͰǰĶҳ˹ϵҲϻȡ
Ҷƺû̫á
½ζ˵ô֪ҫ۹λʵۣûбǰҩʦΪߣҫ۹ҩˮƽλǼǰУ㿴ǣԻ򼲲оͻԽչ𣿡
˲˼·࣬ȴһɡ
ǡҶҵı𣿡

ڼ½ͷ̸ͬʱٵļල£ȫݼغƸǵš
ۼ½һа٣Ҳ˼뱻½ʰֻѲƶˡ
޸ؽ˦ͬУץԼ˵ġӽԵ´Դ֮䣬¶󸱱ͽջΪ汳ѩ˼
ĥĥ޺˵ô˲ŽӴĿܾ꣬ôˡȻûǿ϶ڻء
û˵꣬Ǹоʲô͵Ťͷĳ۾ȫǺ
ǣˣ
ϤϤ˿ʼӣӰɿܳǸ׷ȥ
һѽ˦ڵϣ߼һǹ۾Ǳȥ
ǵŵ̽ӸϽֹ۲һᣬȶȫʧ͵͵ȥš
û뵽ݼ˸߳óѩڧĽۣһ´Լ˼·
һǵŵ˵ǸûᡣǹˣһӦݸ󸱿ġ벶ȸںǳһٹȥ
һǵŵĴΪȻ
ڶǵŵҲǸû᣺ڴѩ˳ۺܾˣǻû١ڼˣһһȥʱ
ڶǵŵĴԶԣʱǲǸ˵ֹޣ

ǵŸãֱһʱ䣬һǵȳ
½ʱѾͷ̸Ҫ£°æ˻һĿƳԼһس򣬴Զͷˡ
û뵽ǵôϵǸ˵ؿ佱ӣúãˡ
ܳͷࡢ࣬Ϊҵң
ٺսʿ
ⳡ棬ôԽԽɳǰϦأ
½ûǵı飬˵׼һ£زһŵˡ
һ飺ءزһţָǼǵţ֡
½°ܽûʸͨѩǵں𣿡
٣ںˡ
½صͷͨϵͳزһǵŵǰع㳡̽·Ūһ㶯һߡ
ڹ㳡һƬǽ壬ʰսǲȫûв쳣쾯ع۲һ𽻻±һָӴ󲿶ӳѩء
Ϊǲ㹻ҳϣᴫݴϢ˭뵽Ҳս֣
Էµ۸ļϢɡ
ڼ½еԹУزһŲ׽ûü˺ãͱѩǰйͬһʧȥ˷ŵսʿۺͬ飬ֽȴ쳣µǵѩ˹صһص½ߵȴزŵ
زűһŽӵݳ£Ҳһŵĺ󳾡
ܿ죬սɨϣڵǵ챻͵½ǰ
½Լǰһſˣϲҵָ˵ЩǵɥĲһ޹ҩʦҪЩ˷ҪңҲڳ;浽⻹㣬ǾȻɳôǵɱŻҡ
֪֪ǵΪ˺С飬˼
زһʶһͦʬѻɽǵ
ǻǺô鷳Ŷ
½һҭ
΢΢۾һƣ鲻Խ˸£˵ҴˣɥĲҸ鷳ԸΪҵĴ⳥
½ɫЩ˵ô˼ǼϿ⡢رȫ㡣
زһŵǵ죺
ʲôɷԣ

80 80

زһŵǵͷӺضԼ½˵һ, Ȼվڼ½ߵ٣ǻǰѵߵĻȥ
½ǽźճĿԱ, ǲôϤ, Ҳѩǵֱ½ֵĳûη, پøʢܵشûļǵԸϣֲɵαƼ½
˵, ٻŵսʿҲû, ǻҪʲô
²Ҫֶ
ֱ׳, ӽԼҲرλ, ֻϣܸһʹ졣
½е㾪棺ǻ֪֮ͦ, ûġ
Ȼػش𣺡˶Է²ǵй涨ɹ棬ߵ·ͥ
Ǿ·һˡ
½Ȼصͷ˵͵شȷʵȵȴִʹ, 벻Ҫ尾
ǾǵԸ, Ǵ׶
ǵŭԣôˣ˼
ٵһ㶼⼾½ѡ, ԼϽѬ, ѾܱȽѸٵظϼ½˼·ˡ
Ǵȡ岻, ;, ǻͼܵţֻϸͥȷʵǸһʹˡ
ǵ죺
ǴŶ
½ȴ⣬佱˵УǸƽˣѹô翴ءʵҪҩʦҲһῴ
٣
Ц˵ԼǺҪĿ佱
½ʵҵÿص˶˭Ҷʩ𩡢¸¡
ˣһͲ˵ˣԱˣڶĿǰԱĵ·ϣԱˡ
پԼְҵɵͦõģкܴռ䣬ôתҵ
ȻҲ뷢չʲôҵ
½еϧҲûǿǵͷӵĴ£ŵսʿһûǵŵȫƲ˹涨⳥ͽ
⧲յ룬Զе㿨Ϊʲôô
涨ȷʵеģܹѵʿǰζеֲף֪ҲȨޣ½һйôԹ涨ϸô
½𣿿һ۾ͼסˡѵǲס
£ǵסǣԣԣһϸڣǲе㲻ѧ
½ŶⲻҪ
ߴٷ¸Ͻͨ룬ǵĿ档
»ΪҪĳЩҩģǵ˵оܿ찴չ涨ϸͨ룬ѯҪʲôҩġ
½ȼˣҩģҲҪҩģҪ⼸ʡ
˵ţָָѷһߵļӡȫǵӸ̶Ӵġ㡢ħķþߡѵ¶Դı顣
ºٶ˿һ¾Ͷʲô
£ԭ
٣һϹ˰ɣ

ڼ½㱩£ٺͷ³ĬŴ̤Ϸ֮·ǵǱŵսʿѺǽ½ѩ쳣͵ɷ
½ٵͬ»صţͷµ˱ڳʱѶ
һֱż½ֱ½Ц̲סҲЦ
½ϼӳ׿һᣬͻȻ۵ʣ㿴Ҹղ˽ҪҪ²׼ʲôزȥ
ز£֪ʲô˹Ц˵ԭҲڴ
½߲ÿĺϣسĬ˼룬³һ
˭Ͻ㳤ôɫأֱÿطˣôɫϧ˵ζϽ׼𣿡
紽һȻ׼ˡֻҪϣʱ㡣˶٣ʣǱ㣬׼𣿡
Цڼ½ǳˡ
Ϊڴ۽üҶ.գڵۡĴŨīزʣÿʹɢһȫͬƽʱľԵسײż½Ӿйۡ
½ʶ´ǣʲôҪ׼ģѵ׼ãֱһ۸ˣ
ɤɳƣֻһ۸
½üŶ㻹Ҫʲô
ЩΣա
͵Ц˼þգҿʹô˳֣ΪѾóΪһȨߵ׼
½ЦõȥһȨߣ
㲻áִţִҡ
½һ˫صĵطʱܿ𳵵൱ɧһӾ͹ȥ𣿡
̾˿ûûֵӲù
½ֱЦˣ֪ƽʱôƤ𣿡
£͸Ѷȥվһߵ٣˼̫ˣȻ֪
½
޿ſգֻԼǸûǡ
ϽӺòù֪ûˡȻص׶ȥףҲԲ٣

г˼䣬ѩǽ뿪ܵشҵ򣬽·;ΣԻԽԽ͡
½˸Ƿ˵еˣҪȥϢˣѶˡ
Ӧһֶٶչһ²ļ½кͼ½ͨѶ
½¶еƣı飬û˼ûǵסķ䣬׼С˯һᡣٲż½Ϣ͵תȥѲӷ²ˡ
½Ŀ뿪Ϸһɲǿŵľеɢ
ߵ£ùͷ˿ԼԼѪɫʾ̾˿
ʵϣѩʱЩˣҪȻԸҲ÷³ְæԼһԹزһǵűй¶ŵ
²Լ֮ԲΪþԸһǵʱеԽ磬Ŀ촩ַӡǷЧá־൱ḻټ⣬û뿪Ĵ㣬ʱ֣ж滺Ĳʡ
ּʱ廹ûȫǰܸʱ֮е顣
˵ȷʵûʲôֻҪ˯һȻָ
֫½۾Լеˡ
ҪΪ磬½˰ȫܹ̽ԼȥԺܿɫıݣһҪú˵˵

½˯²ãٺؽӵͨѶ
ܶؽ½⼸ϸгһһ㱨˵ճΪǰÿһһͨѶȴû뵽ٴοѯ½ǵʱϸڡ
ٲףԼϽи⣬ϸʱÿϸڡ
羲꣬ʣʱңֱӼѪ½ҡɫô
ӣǸʱǶˣûϸ۲ɫ
Ƭ̣õϣѶʱ
Ǹʱע⵽½ɫЩ԰ףΪ½ǺûκϲͬѰĵطȻҲתƻ⡣½ز飬Դ֮ŲԸ̸˼ü½Ϊѣֻϡ
½Խǲ̸Խǵģż½Ѿ˯£˽縱˽
ûδ֮⣬Щ⡣
ûжͣ˼ǺΪ½ܴܲΪѪеʣɫöʹþ˸
ȻǾĿʹãǻ򲡵ƣ˳˼½ûмרʤعֻҪ½ԼԸ˵˽鶼
ҪҩʦЭᾡоˡ
ת̧ۣ࣬Žǣس·עֻһ㣬ҲҪҡ
£عζɫ䣺Ͻ˵Ĳб䣿ҪҪ֯һ֧ҽƶӽӦһ¼
ףһҽ׶ӭ

81 81

жǿ, ѩǽս˽ѾͨҽԼ֯רҵҽŶӣʱ׼ǰȥӦ½
֪ǲҽ˵ʲôٶԼ½ż, ܿͱ½ߡ
΢̽˼, ֪, ½ֱŪЦԷǡ
һ, , ˿Ʋ岻ȷʵʵûкܴ⣬˯ѺʾѾʧɲ˴󶯸ɸꣻ
һ棬ǾҪ֤, δ϶Ҫ, иҽŶȷʵܽʡپ緢չ̵ʱ䣬ϵͳֳ۶ӵĿ, ˳硣
, ŵ
½ĥ, ֮ԸҲͬһϵаţϵķӦ
̲ס˹ǡ
ڿ촩һսѾܾû˲κιĵشĦ˼ˡ
촩ȺϺμϲ, õΪΪͻ񣻾ͬСıܿ׵, ²ȵɱ䣻ָĿͻֺ, Ҫѧܹı˵֪ʶ
ǲͬ
Ȼ˵ΪûĿ, һеȷӴһ㡣
ָо
Щȴ㸺½Ťͷǽ̫գĪ˫ǻԵ۾ͻȻĵһ
硣

ǽֺ˼ʱ䣬͵׶ĳǸ۽䡣
˱棬ǰճһմ룬ѩǽһ֯ҽŶӾѸٸ½˸ȫ顣
˱޼ĺ֢½岢ûд⣬ҽ˿֮࣬½ݡ
ʹǼʱǸԱȫо͸٣ֶһֱûоȻĻ⣬ҵרͷ󡣲ΪõϡȷҩʦΪ֪Ǳȫľߣ½ݶǳҪ
½Լĵλ΢ķٴεõⱾΪ֮ҽŶ飬һ˵ĿἰԼǰ쳣ҽŶṩ˼·
ֲ˼飬½жϴѾȷûٶ˵ʲôɡ
ˣҽŶӽջҲǳˡ
ָм½˽ָ½ģǮơ֪ʶãʵֲּ
뿪֮ǰʮҽԼ½˸
ׯأ˼½Υġޱȿġзҩʱͬأü½Ĭˡ
Ƭ̺ҲЩɰ˾һ
羲Ĭվһԣż½Щݵףᡣ

ҽŶ뿪罫ƺٺ͸߸٣Լͼ½ǰо
½ĴרЩȣȻ׼ر
ǳƽͣ;棬ҪϢ
½°ͣȤض˼˵ҾϢˣ磬ҷǡرϲ˵һЩҡĵĶ
뿼ңԸעΪı뷨ֻ㣬лӽ㡣˵Ҳȶҡ㣬̸ȥ㣿
½𴽽ǣңӸ涼ҸȤ𣿡
ҡͷ㣬Ұȫ㡪
ͣۿм˵ȥ˼½ֱӴıףЦ˵ϽΪǾ仰׼ôã;һΣ˵ú𣿡
½һںʽеˣľעû⣬ע⵽һ㣬պΪ˸еźڡ
Щ⣬΢ż½
½̹Ȼȴû˵
̲סЦղҼͣ𣿡
½ͷԡ
ֿ۷ڴļСӣЩһֱӴȥȽϲһ
½ܻ˵ЩԺڻǱȽ뿴è䡣
ףãҼסˡ
ǰž俪ļսʿƲסԼı飺
Ͻƽʱͼ˵ĶЩɶĶ𣿣У͸ߴУȫ
λٴʱֱޱȵ飬սʿһۣӱ˴п𺳡
⣬ѵǿߵ

½ͻʵҵڶ죬˾šϵǲ̽½Ҳ⡣
Ҷãǲ죺½ŻûϢһ£Ǽ
ϽŴ֣ѵں½Ľ״
ʩͬ˵еļˡ
ЩΪʲôţɾ㼾½һصش˶˰ˣҲô죬αô𼱻ǣ½岻ã;϶ҪϢһʱ䶼½ǲе̫ؼ½ˣ
һ¸صĹʦǿ²ôɡ
½ֹ̧˵֣¼Ȩǣ̫࣬Խ紦Խá
ҶʩȻǺǰʱ壬رż½û˵ʲô
½ҲûжǽһжΪ˼ӿϵͳٶȣֻ˰뵽ң鷳Ǹ˲衣
ܱšϵѡ̽½ľ١ǶܻԹɫ½Ծ¶ҶʩӣӲ趼ر뼾½ʱҲҶʩ𩣬Լ½˸̬׽ֲׯأ˼½ӡ
ҶǶԴ½ͶԴʦûǵŤܿɢȥʩһ鰲ţ½̸
һλ߾ԱȽ⣺ʦͬҽŶἰļĿǷĳִԣǰѾϡδ⼸ĴʦǷӦ⼸ݣ
Ȼõʾ䣬ﻰ˼Ѿ˼½ָ㣬Ѿ׷Ŀˡ
½ǵٶȣ΢˼ϸڷһת˵Լβеݡٺ۾һԾǰ壬۾ݱ仯һŬݼ
½ЦЦЩԺбݣǿԼȡ
ٺ£ʶʣǵȡݣͲġ
˷ɣΪ**ȫκθˡ֯˽Եáй¶ݡ
ʹȡݻ¼ҲҪϸ顢ܵĳԾ֤ȡߵİȫ
ˣΪɲһ취¼ˣ˸½ƵģֱӿŸо
½ĵʣҵʲô
粻ǷǺڼףҲкܶ棬¶Լ֮Ժܶ˶ȷʵΣգ½ں
ϵͳ۸ο
˵֮ǰԼʱ䶨󣬾ǿǵ˸߲ѯ£Ҷʱ䣬ζ˱½׼
֮ĬΪ֪ٺǱ½𺳣عȫ弾½˸ʮȵĹ
½ΪֵǷĵԸм;塣
½ƽ͵ؽˡ
ΨһҪľǾóоҲáҲãҺϣǽҪڲҷ©ȱϣҪ˼·
ĸ˾һ½⻰̾²⣬һʱ񶼷ϸ΢仯
Ƿ׷½֤ģһȫԭоϡ
˵һλΧ˴˸ɫû˷ԣ֣ص½飺ʦ۾ȫˡȫǼʲ˱˽⡣֪ԸԸμĿΪĿܸˣ

82 82

, ڳͬʱ¶ϣ
½ǱѾЭ飬ȴûие˿ѹܾȻ
֤ǸĿ㹻ȨĴǣͷڱķ, ҹĿϣо˳, , ¸صĴʦĿʡ
벻ŶӳԱвΪ治ϳƤ
˵, ô, ûãҪĿǲ̫
ѾˣҪѹեԱ
ڳľٺǼ½̬ȼһʱЩΪѡ
Ĵѵ֪ҩó, Ŀ֯ʵʩ˳ǵȻ֪ǲ̽½ǰʹһ, ȻǾñڻ޽չҩǣɸ˽֪ⷽʶļ½Ŀɹʸߡ
Ϊ, ҲΪ, ǲеѹ, ½һƽ͵о
½޵˼ü壺ܸлλ쵼Σλˡ˶ҩʦ, طѧ, ÿһλƵϲǿʶ֤ɶǶǳо, ǿǿ, ʧܵĿԼС
ϾǰѾ㹻ϣҪ޵еع۲졢ɣ֪ʶҩʦѧߵֻҪóɹ
෴ҩΪޣû۵ľ飬һ˺ҳͷ
½Ц˵ҩһ׶Ѿǰʱ鵢ˣܿ͸ÿʼоˡ
ҩоɼ½һо벻½
ȵо½ʵҾͻרռ½Ըϰߣҩ۵רɹһҵڹ
뵽ҩĹЧãλ١΢㶣۾һ¾ˡ
һλ̽ԵʣоĻҩͻҩǷھʵ֤֮һ
½˻ɣһĻҪĿȷϡ
һǿѹͷ弾½˸
ҲԼ½Ծ⣬ϸ¼½Ҹͽ󣬳Ͽҵصлȥ
ҶӼ½ǵ¥£תʱԼλϵ׽ľڽ̸
ѾŵУ¹ϵΪϽȡʩû뵽Ǿ͡ûĿɳ𣿡
ҪǼϽֻҪԸ;űùϵ˵ˣԸԼʰʰֱ͵ǰȥ
ɣҪϽ϶Ҳȥ
㣬ϽͲС˰ɣ
㣬ǺϽҲ˰
нԶҶ¶Źֵı飺ǿǺأŵϽҲ뷨ءϽͺϽϽء
ôһ룬½ϽҲǲܽˡ

У̽½λȫ̲δԣһռ½˼ж
̽һ˼½ǿҪھŻϸ˼½С
Ÿ߲㱨һ߸п½˽һ߰Ͻ۹⡣
ƣҪϽʱԼͰãָҪء
ϾǾбĲ࣬ͳ˧ĺΪֳɫľ࣬ҪаۺֱǸߵĲ֪ж١
ţ˰дǼۣﲻסСӱķ滹УǶԴ̫ҳˣر֡
ǾٳٶۣôؿҲ˵лͦġ
ע⵽еӺͲԿЦ
ˣŵȨ߿ȱݣȱݲӰŵδ½ԽǳɫԽԵϸΪʧͶʼ½ʵعϵڿѾ岮ùѪͷ
ʹΣѾȥѾ£Ƕ֧ԽԽͣĵλ᧿Σ
ĿûܴϿκζߣк
ĿǰĴ֧ҪǵģҲλǸʲô̬ȡ
ɢһ̸׼ĸ߸ٺٲȥֱ뿪פأûܺúú˵һ仰
ǳܡ
СǨɴǰ߻صפأôʧ䣬æο
¶˵ҲáǨεطʡҪ¾ݵĻҲẦͼйϵӲ
ҡͷĴҲ¡
ʵϣѾ벻ΪʲôҪԴ½Ѿ£ֲ
Ҳü½ؿû̫ƽҹȥΪΪһ겻ʧȥһλ˲ţ̾˿ôЩ£ȻԸˣǡǳַǳ塣
ǨһͷСëˣͬ˵Ĺ£ЩἺΪ˵ܹ⣬Ȼ˵еɵп϶ôΪ
ֻ˽ǨҪչҪеɵӡûɵӣͲȫĽǵ˽Ի͵̱Ӧءε˵
㣡Ǩ㤵ؿǣ⻰˵ģҸҲؼǸֵ
ǣ
ǨԹԵ˵Ҹ㽲ʵһһǣ켾ѩǵţۿṦHHϿշɹȥչŵɣṦôõ϶Ҳ˵лʲôշħơɽ÷֣ôҲ
ִУǲѰ·
Ǩһ㶮ġ
ǣ
Լڲ̨ϱ½֧Ŀ־壬ͻȻǺ붮С
ƫƫǨһ㶼ǵĿܣʣϽ˼֮ǾźǶоǲҪϽ΢ҩ
һ㶣˵
Ҽǵðɣ˵ϣǨѻ˵ú㿴Ҳڻָڣ˿϶ۣϢϢϢأֻһַʽϢҲ˶չǡ
ôչͲ˵ˡ
ҭס
ķС˵úеֱ޷
Լڲ̨һʱ⣬ô㲻ڡ
½ǺܺãҪǷǰμ棬ܸܿѹ
ڵ򲹳½Ͱ֮䣬ԥһ¾ѡ˺ߡ
ôΣܰҲô㡭


ʱһζ½źʵҵĹǰ͡
⣬Ϊ˱֤Լĸײţ뼾½ǰһڣǺ¾ݴ򷢳ȥΡ
ٶԴʮֲ⣬߸ȴһûۿı顣
к̸ܶͿʼˡ߸ôϻƽͣϽ׼˶ãһεģ۶ӣ¾ݺ¼۶ӣ߾Ѳ¶ҲѲ˸ϵϽúǷ̫ˣҿĲ
ټֱԶԣѵǴ߾ܱ𣿡
߸ٻûü˵߹˵ŵо仰аַ壬ԶͲٳ⡣
οϸǻУôԱдϣ
λ٣
ͻȻеͬˡ
ջĿ⣬ߵűߣ׼õķè䣬΢˶һ¹ܣȾϼ⡣
λپ㤵ؿŶ䣬һ
ûǣȡβʹϣèһҡ¡
λˢˢ˼һۣע⵽˴еľֺͲҲ̶ãסקס˴˵½תܡ
½Ӵ£ƼĶӵλٺͰ˷粻磬ڲĺèϣЦ˲۵ס

83 83

糤ǳɫ, ʱü˪ѩЦϼϣżɢһƽֳ, ƫƫʢ, ˲üǿ, ˴δס
ʱ˿, ʹͷè, ˦èβͣɷˮ£
½ϸۣèƵģӢ˧֮⻹ôɰ, Цܿʹ۵, ǹõĻȡ
߽Ժ䣬ʣСèѽôɰ, Ͻ𣿡
۾ûգһ, ӭ½ǰ, ش˵ҵġ
½һüסĶĥţ٩˵ôûڼֻСè䣿ӦèŶԡ
עż½, ˵ŴȤĻ, ۽üȴȫͿ, ̲ס嵭΢Ц
ǰ, ңھͲˡ˶٣㣬ϲ
½ЦЦ۾ʲôʱ˵ĻСè䣬Ҫɡ
磺ֻͣѧϰ
½ֻûˣʲô
ս½˫ǳɢаɫŨĵǻʢ
ղŵĲɡڶķèβȴռزϼ½ϸ󣬸мɵĦ£С˼չʾ쾡£ɡ
ܵͺܳȾɳƣղܵĴԡ½ĴԲ𵽣һ˼ʲôʱҪ̶ֳȣһ񱻹ƻһ㣬ԾϵβͲסḧ
ȷʵĴУëָдҸУֱü½֡
ϣշǳ졣
½һ٣
ǣèβͣʲô㻹ΪԼè
ɶż½ԴŲ̬԰׵źɫë׼µɫʶԱû͸
ƣھèȽСèġǸҵˣظص趨
½
Ǻþҵ
бһۣ½úۣע⵽ͷèͣͶϸСëϦһɫĿһ¶סˡ
ز½̬ı仯ԥèԱյط
½﷢˳ֻɫè˳ëķߣ˼¡
΢΢ͷ㼾½˳ǣ½һֻ֣Լеֻèϡ
綼ôˣ½̫ԲԶˣ
̳Ե
õı飬䡢زĴ󺣡᲻ԽعţֺĺӺͥԺļž
½Ƴһۣ϶ͣ
籾˶⣬ʲô
ȥȾһǳЦ⡣

ǰԺһ翼ǵ½ûгսͣⳡߣèǣż½߽԰뼾½һҰ͡
½Щźµףܿ˼ôļƻ
ЦʣСèôҰͣſϳС𣿡
粻ɫҲϲСɣұȽϲʵġ
½һ̺õҰͲ£ҰõСӣֲɫǳʢʳȶȣ֪ûٷġ
ϼޣ΢ᣬ½ۣڸµϣ³һ
С˵
ŵĽҪʲôʲôֻǵ
ָż½󾱣ΪĦèβϢ֫ռһνȫڻ
һ̣ͻȻܵèβ͵
½˻ᣬҰϳ͡
ųڣͻȻյ½޵Ƥڼ½ȻתĿУҵҡҡè
Сè䲻ԼԷҪιʳ
½
½磬Ҫ
ҡͷȻô޹ûвҪ
½ֺֺЦĬ룬˿ںе΢죬˳˼ԼĿӼ˵ϲĲι
ע⵽½ӶûϲУһֽ½У°ͷڼ½ϣ۾ٶ
½᲻صؾ֣úóԷ
ڰβͣڼ½߲¡
½˵ʿɶֹ㻹ΪԼһֻСè䣿ϲУӦ֪
˵ҵȻ֪Ӽ½ùӣ˲ֱι½ԣǲǸһ㣿
½һƫͷ˿磬ûܾͶι
Цĺż½͡

ιιģһ˺ܾãиʰʱѾҡ
˱ĳϣ֮ģ½ٳôʱķһʱ侹ое档
ߣèβͣ˯
ָż½ķʣҵĻᣬҰյô
½˵ԣҪǷŵÿݲͬӦܸ˼һЩ
ͬϾһû֣Խ硣ǣһƲԸ𣿡
½̾ˣ̧ۿüۣЦ˵У㣬һŬ
Ʋס𴽽ǣáǱǸϲ꣬뿴èȤ
½ؿ磬ҷǻϡѭ򽥽ʲô˼㶮ɣ涼ûͼŸװ棿
ڣֻĽϣøˡ
½ôһѾ´Ŀһ˵ұȽϲСǹ
£ЦݽʧСǹʲôСǹ
˲̫õ룬Ǹӡ
½û뵽ǣԣĳһֻСǹˡ
˵Ҫе㱾µģֻʳģôɰģСǹˡ
縧ż½˿ƫͷס

еͻأش˸硣
ߵ¾ɫ㱵طӦãʣǣôˣ𣿡
ս֣ȻĪղͻȻӿϵĿֻţȴɫҡҡͷοԼʲô¶ûС
¾ݷӦƵģ͵ĥ˼룬ͷǾͺá
Ƽ⸱ģһʹ
ѡ˼½¾ݴѩǽص棬Ѿ⸱ܴ㱵ģ
ۿ¾뿪ˣ˱յǸ¾ݾͱؿǸȰҶοԣһߣ¾Լһ󣬲ǿû¾ݿ޵ñȥ
Ϊ£ĻΣ¾ݸǨˡ
¾ûǰ޼ɵСԣÿ찲ù֣ʱſնĳط
ۼˣȷ¾ûзʱԥͬ
ˣֲ֮ǰɵ˺
¾ݲǲǵ˼ѡЦ
˺ѾɣöٷķѶѪȥֲ˺ʧ
۵Ѿ۹ˣºʲôã
ϰԼϵͳȻ˶ǲŵġ
Һǡ
ûԼ˼άǷϵͳǱĬδ˽ϵͳıʣ¾ݳĬŽƵ𴦣޵ļ½һܡ
ϵͳʷֹλѶȽͣϵͳΪʲôµϵͳǶԵġ
ϵͳصļܺͳ齱õҩ䷽ʷټ򵥲
֮ȣ½̫ѶԸѶȸһ㼶
¾ݿԼָʧȥࣺ֪½ڸʲôǲоɹϽôһ룬ǡһͿ

84 84

¾鼫, ׼½Ϊʲô, ϵͳ, ڼ½ǰȴû˿֮
ϼ½, зϵͳȫ, ϵͳҲΪŴʧֻʣһ, Ϊ˱Ƿϵͳʳɾ͵㡣ϵͳĽ, ʱΪն½ѩǵŷͻǲòѡ½δһѹԼ½, һܶס
¾ݸԼûϵͳܸʲô⾰ԼĴһʱ⣬˶ڷ
Ǽ״Щģ¾ݲü, ûõӦϸ˿еʧ֪εȥ, ֻǸεͣó, ȥһϢ
¾ݲǵĶ, , ڻ֮С
ʱѧʧ, ûܽһֱĻĴѧ, 鱾Ͳãѧ⵽ͬͬѧĳЦټүүʧջбԴĸתܵܣһÿ˵Ǿٲά衣
װѧĩѧг鵽óĿɼȫϵʮţ¼ӵµ͡
ʹ˱òμҩʦʵͼӷ
һʵУڱ߾ԴģǵϮڻҪ˱
Ԯ߽͵ҽԺʱѾһϢҲûΣա
һΪԼɣֱϵͳͻȻ֣
ϻڱȻϵͳ͸Ҫϵͳʵ˵˱ȡ֮ӵ䵽أֻԼܾԼ
ϵͳǸͽָĸˡ
Ϊ˻òϵͳǩЭ飬һʱϵͳȷʵǶԵġϵͳѧҵɫܿУҩϴͷ»˼Ŀء
ʱ̬Ѿˡ
ļʵ̫ѪǼֻһССʧܾͽ볾Ҳᱻ˳ȡˡ
ĥѣ¼˵ĴҲǸȡ˵С͵Ĵ
ʱС͵һɫɶԷص÷ǳãʹϵͳҲûһҵֻܵȴϵͳ㡣
ϵͳҪСЩȡ˵ˣǶܽƻһЩ༫޵
ûȥܾС͵ʲôͣϵͳҵ½ıûѼ½
Ȼô飬֤ʵϵͳǶԵġ
ǳңնʱϵͳļ䣬Ȼһᱻ½
ŴӼ½лҲһԤϵǻѡ½ɺܲġ
ǲ˵ϲ
Σգϲģôң
׷Ҫãϵͳṩɾ͵ˣ
¾뵽תͷ˿ϵǣȫź
ϵͳǸϵͳ޹֣Ȼֱ֮ҪˣϵͳҲĽ취ٴؼܣǰøӳտ
ˣҪ񣬲ƾͲưɡ
ûʶϵͳ˵˶ٻѻԼ˼άֶôģ¾գۣ͵ӣոǵΡ
룬ֻҪǵδﵽ壬ϵͳع֣ܽʱԼ½Ա֮
֮ǰϣϵͳܳɹ¼֮ĶԹ
¼ң¼ҲȷʵΪ۷·ϵİʯΪɣ¼ҵĵ̨ΪṩһЩ֣Ҳˡ

¾ݰϵͳ㶯֣øṩ㹻ֶɽǡã½Ҳϣϵͳ㶯֡
Ϊˣ֮ǰ÷°ύ˻ȡҩϸϵ룬оǰҩʦЭ᲻ܾ
Դг̬չҲȷʵԸֻû뵽Ǿ罻ġ
Ĵϣ½·˷ݣ͹ص˹ԡ
˵ɣΪʲôøңôû£
½ºͣȴһ㶼飬βһûһĦż½ֱ䶼ûһ¡
ѾˣǴӰ˵ĽǶȣǴȨߵĽǶȣҶϣӴҡ
仰˵ϣ½ʲôֱҪڵĻᡣ
˹ܡֻһᶼС
½ЦԷǣҿڸСè䣬Ǵ̳
еػصϲ´ԡ
½
½´½ѵĳ嶯˵磬˵ɧҲ㵱ư͡
Ҳ֪ǲĴѩԺͻȻͿʼŷңʱǹظʧ˵ûߡ
Ĭڼ½ձ߲˲䣬è½۽ǣŪü½ġ
һѰסԣԻ룬粻ֹ˵ûߣر
ǲʲôණȻ㱣СèҲ
統Ȼܸ߸׷ѣڵϧıǰѾ鸴ȼɼ룬ְռ½ղ˵Сǹڼ½͵˸ǣװѯʼ½
ǰΪʲôǸѣĿ̣ʵһǴ
½ζղŵ͵ǣ˵ĶҲһǴ
û˵꣬͵ؽסԼϵָҲս˲䷴Ӧһֵֹԭ
ԭǳԴˣԵûߵĴף
½ǸϹ𣬾ôͰѵˣ
˵Ǽ߻ˣҲҪǺ
½Цȴ̼εѣһתֱ˵ɵҾǿվһеر߲Ŷġ
磺
еΪѣ⻰һͲףұǰĸôϷɡȻұ˵ҪҪòԵرʾһΣ
ԥ˼룬ؾǺǷ֣ΪûҪˣ
½ŶҲô˵ɡҪ̼½վһ𲻵ܳңԵرϹɲͷ𣿡
磺
òԵرʾһŰɣϾұҵҲͦࡣ
½̲ס£ô㲻ţ
æ˵ҵȻšǸûʲôŵ㣬Ҳֻ˵ͨˡ
½ЦЦſʵױɫһߣһ࣬һ
磬֪ڵʲôֳԼǸʲôͲԼ̫𣿵ȻһҪȽϣӦԽԽŲŶԡǲͬģҪףܶģܡ
ʮȲһ磬ɲΪôա
΢ͷż½ǳɫ˫治ֻǺӣĵӰܿ췴Ӧ½˼
һѻĿȼ̼֫ٺƬֱԣҪٽǡ
ĻǸ˼𣿡
½üǲôԽ˼ȷʵǡ
αװȫȥڲƽµĲӿ𣬴ʹѭҵĿһѽϥͷļ½𣬵ͷ׼ȷס˼½Ĵ
½һ㶼ĶΪڴ´ǣͱ˳˿˴ݣǡ
Ȼȣ½ۣס粱Լѵķ
ϲ½Ͷ룬ڵƲǣɴгͣż½ղŵǡ
èβʱ˳ϼ½󾱣һûһḧţǰο롣
½һһסͷè̹۾
״ɵЦһϲҵķ񡣡
½̹Ȼǣζܺá
ȼ޾飺ôˣҪ𣿡

85 85

½Ը, û¹˭, ʾԼ볢һ
ǰ＾½ϴ˸衣
ѧڸ½ϴʱ˳Ħһᣬַõü½߳
״, ʣϲ𣿡
½һ߷ҩϸ, һʾʲôʱѧ
ļ½򣺡Ѳ߾֮ǰ
½ȻҲ˵ĦǱĿܳû߰, 綼һ¡ԵģϴܿʱĿ, ϾǸзִ, ˮǰóȻ˳Ķ
ԼĹ̫ˡ
½Ƴ, ֱ, ͷèȴһһε, Ļ֪⣬Цһ, 㶼ߵչ壬ջ߼½оҩϡ
һͣؿ˻ᣬеź½ļ硣
Ӽ½̬ȿǲʲôˣѾ˸þǵѡ
ûٴż½, ѧΧŨù, ˵һιԡ
ɾˮ, ½ڿͷߣжȥβͣȳơֿȴֳļ⣬ͻȻеڡ
ϴãе̫ƽˡ
ˡ½ܻ˵
£ƫͷ˿ϧļ½Щ΢ĬȻƬ̣ʣϴһΣ
½ϸ˼飺ˣԺеʱ䣬һΡ
˶٣á
½ַϸϸѯֻЩϸҪע⣬񣬾˻֣ԼȥϢ
磺ֱͶ΢С
½һ٣ؿĳطʣҲˣλһ죬㻹ô
Զԡ
ұͬɿұ̬ȣ֪ûлˡ
½ְڰ֣ǲȻͦˣ㲡ûȫҪҹϢɡ
˵

ȷϵ󣬼½ǷʲôǣȫעͶ뵽оУоȺͼҩȶͻͽ
½Ԥϣҩȷʵڼ©ҩз˼·Ǵļܷ
ҩȷʵڶʱڴȼǱܣб޺ʱڸüͣǶĺͶٳʱ䲻˺
Լ½ľ飬ͬһηüҩͻἱ˥ϣһͻ˥ߡ
Ϊ˻ý¾ȫûᵽһ㣬пй¶Ť޸ģһҩ۵ǣװɡսԾƷݽȫѧҩӮίһ͡
ʩ۹Ϭ׼ǰҩ©ʵ֤ȷʵˡ
겻¼ҴѹӦѾЭݽרЧˡʩЩźôЩ꣬Ҳ֪ҩ˶پˡ
½𴽣İɣҩûƹ㡣
һҩѶȱȽϸߣǷüҩĵҩʦŽܷܺãϵͳΪ˸棬ҩʹʣܷоؿóո
ɴ˿ɼϵͳʵ̰ò񻰡
ʵϣԼ½͸ַǷϵͳֵľ飬ԳϵͳĶǻе˹ܣǲԼ뱾ܣʱԶʤǣһϺͶơͬʱֲŷḻľ͸׷󣬱Ŀռһϸһߡ
½ϵͳռȥ֪ϵͳռУͨαװĳָֽԽͱĽģռʧܺѡԱԱܡ
ϵͳоҪΪṩҪˣͨѡҴߵ㹩
ǻ۵ﵽһ㼶ͻ֡
Ŀǰ߰ҩ̣½ţϵͳѾҹֹһ
ļܱ촩ѡУ˵߼츳ټϱϵͳԹȻǱĴ֮һ
ǵĴں켣Ͽһ߼硣
粻ǿйߣմȨսǿ̽µ򡢵ϮĳЩһǵΪȨ֧ߵоƶ̡
ͨǺ糶Ϲϵϵͳͨ¾ݶǴؼܣ֤ƲǶԵġ
ԼߵԸԭӦֵҲˣٺӴͲϡ߱˴֮ϵĹ
Ҳ˵߱úǷ֡
¾ڣߺĿ޴
½һͻȻһ²⡣
ԭ¾ʱĻѾˣһƺܽ͵ͨˡ
뵽½ͷϣ˱ϵͳ⡣
ķ°æϵͳ˾߲ˡ

½Ҫϵͳ棬ϵͳȴͼ½ϡ
ĽǶȿ½ĸдǼ½̫ǿʢڵƥеġ
ַǳ۲½תһ׳ԼԺлո½ϵˣɴܵشǵš
ǵ뵽ĸˣһӵϢһ
idǲλȫ˵ĺڿͣ
һ壬ųɫǣ֣ôǣҼǵǰǵŶǳǵţǹģôСôۣ
ȿҪʲôףȻǵĶλ
ĸǣ
ĸǰܵش鷳Ǹ£ϽǸӡ
ǰɱôҲǵˣҾ֪Ǹӿ϶ǵǵˣ¿ɺã֣㵽ﶼᱻҵ
ŸˣλãҵȽϷƺǡǱŵפֿɲ㡣
ǵŹģ󣬵иƣƺиС;ݵ㣬һֱû˷֡
Ҳ⵽ǵɨǺⲻᣬټϵͳıܷ񣬶ԥǽ
ϵͳǵʶȤǵͷһ磬ھݵſڽһ嵥Ѿǡúãил񣬰ûбҪΨһǾɱʱҪ˼ͬеˡ
ǵ쿴嵥һۣһ߶𵽣ͫ׶ڷ
ЩȫǸϸûʽŪ
˵ЩСǵˣǴǵţҲֻӵмһơǵ嵥ʮЩġ
뵽ܵδǵ٣ظ֤һ񣬾Բ˵ͬеˡ
֪λʲôӣСʡ
ϵͳܿ콫¾ݵϴȥǣɱãɱҲԣ¾һ㶼˵
ǵ쿴̬ܵˣеΪѣǺ£¾ݵʱһҪߡ
ϵͳͶʾһζĻõģ¾Ǹϧˡ
ǵȻ򣬵Ӧ

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½΢һ֪ϵͳˣЩȣôܵش磿
Ƶػش𣺡ϴȥˣ˸š
֣½һ䣬ϢͨԶԱȣ΢΢üԹУ¹֣ͨԲէܴ󣬵ؼϸȫһ£ȷͬһ
¶ʱģ֪ͨϽ
½պãվ鷳ˣȥ˵

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ܵش֮ϲ, ½û뵽ǰѭ浸, ෭˼ϲŶȥ硣
·ֻϵͳĶ֮ǰæ鹢У飬ʱȷ˺ü뷨
ȷʵĴ, Ӧü֧оͿҡ, ڴսбѡϮ»ܿıȻ¼, ߺ֮飬˫
˼߻ʱ, ǱȻΪϵͳͻƿڡ
뿪, ½Ҫǣߴžͺϵ, ǲɱʧȥ, ϵͳٰؼ
ת, Ǽ̳˵λԽԽȣϵɢ
ϵͳΪͻ, ϶ֽţΪ˲϶Ҫã˾ɱ֮С
磬½׼ϵͳκηĻᣬץסϵͳðͷռʱֱ׵˵Ŀ, ȥһƺǡ
, ȷϵʵҴ˺ܾ, Ǻܳʱûˡƽȴô㲻ԣصطоңΪǣ
½˲䷴ӦЦ˵ûӰĴҲԣҵΪǻΪ˷˵ǸڿͣԼû
̹ϵصͷǰϲǡ
½һסĲ΢ͷһޱߵķ˵Ƣ˵ϲĲϲʲôҲᲢۣҪǷ˵Ǹڿͼζ֣Ҳù¡
绷ס½ż½ĺԣغһǣȫ᲻ñ۾עЩı飬һˮֹס
һ㣬ô׷㣿Һܸ㹻Ҫǡ
˶٣ƫͷڼ½ҧһڣԴէǿƶֱӣȴŵԹ
Ҳϲעָˣر֣Ტ۵ˡ
½֪Цã˳ͷɵ㣺˰ʿɶֹôһˡ˵Ҿʹȥˡ
½֪еԴף粻ûŵˣôΪǶԹ
˳Ϊֺôݵġ
ȻĬ룬еŵʣĹˣ
½Ͽҵ˵Ĺˡ
ƫߣá
ûͱˣ߸ٻ˵Լָ˵õĽ˵˻߸ôôûã
յԼϽǴĸ߸٣
ԩҵϽݼУֲϵԵʣ
߸ί߸ٲ˵ǰһװʣϽճ̽ΪɣǷҪǰƺǰŽȥ
磺
½˵ŰɣȥһˣҪҩ⡣
ʣҩĶоϣ
½ش𣺡зºʩ𩿴ţ⡣ҷÿо¼ңҿԶ̼ල
ʵϣо˹ܼػһ㣬Ͼ˹ⷽ˸ơ
˵ǲֵ¹ȥˡ
½Ƴһۣҵˣ
ϵͳôץ
޻˵ֻܴӦ½һȥ
ȥ֮ǰ֪ͨ˵פܼصһϱ

ϵͳ֪½Ѿ׼ôȷǴ¾ǰƺɢģͰǵṩꡣ
ƺΪƺһƬ㲩ĺˮ峺͸һž޴ıʯǶѩƽԭ֮䡣ÿ죬ѩɽ塢ʢ÷Ӱˮлӳɻһľɫ»ӭ
¾ݻûͬǵĸףǻС˼ѡƺǴɢĵġ
һ¾ݲǲľôǴ𰸣ֲʧȥǣںɢʱװ㶵ģӱܻ⡣
ǲûлɣ¾ݣ¾ôʧ䣬˵˵Ļ
̾˿С¾ݱܿȺ㱱ײ
¾ݼ״еС⡣
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ֲ˲ԴǵһһĲҽС
·˱ͱţ¾ݵĲҽֱһܶ˸ż
һˣȺʼܡ
ǵһʱ佫¾ݻ󣬻ûԶʲôͱһö䷢ۡ
ٻͷˣע⵽¾ɫҰסҡҡ׹ϽסȺ
¾ȴûעǣԶԶܻ޲ɨȺͷ亹ٿȻ£ֹסҲ
ǲǵǲǵߣǣߣ˻ߵؼС
ıϸȷȺǵһ䡣
ǵ˼ά˲һڱ߾ǿ̫ǵӡɱͨ˵ĳ棬Щӳ嵽ǵҵĿܡ
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˵ȥֹǵ
¾ݾֵؿҪȥԸЩˣ㲻ȥ
ȥô죿˭ң
ݣ˵ľˣҵκұȥΪ¾ݵֲʧǿӲذοģҺǵִܶ࣬¡
¾һҭ˫ֽճȭ

Ϊ˵ϣڣҪΪνκ
ΪһȺǾܷҲܽа
뿪ƫƫϵͳʧ̫ΣڶûϵͳˣܶʧǵΣԾȶ
¾÷ۿЩʪ
Լǻ·ʶǵݣϽص¾ݸڶȻ𾴵ͬʱ־¾ݱ鲻̫ԡ
ｹûע̫ࣺǳȫԻ׵⣬ߵСܣû׷㡣
¾һ˱⻰ս֣ƽ⣺˵ˣҶ׵ġȥɣһһֱ㡣
οֳϿҵ¾ºܶŵõ¾ĻӦˡ
ٵ飬վߵ棬ӿռťȡףһͷȥٶȳǵ
ƺ̫࣬ǵΪŶ֣һǵĻףɨȺڻ
ûռ͹ſڿڣǸƷһܻף̧ۿǷ棬ݺһ
ͽ
ֹ֪ǲҷ񣬿׼Ĳٱܿնһܻס
ױըŹը𣬱ڻеĵطݣζ޼ɵɢ̼˵񾭡
¾ݶڰȫۼľ˲ԵʱһƬհס
棬񵱳ġ
¾Ʋסп־壬᲻֪ڵϣֽŲáߵŲֹŲ
񾭽οǱһʶͼһµӵųߵС
һιҪȥģѡ
¾ݻعͷŤò
໰ѿڶسһ㷿ԶǶһǵͷҲص뿪ˡ
οһȻ˻̻̲ظˣҲмĿɿڴ¾ݵΪ
ûȻһĺ𣬼˴ʧɫתͷһȴǵפˣϸղ˿ɨǵ
˶һۣʣţ񡭡ûɶΣˡô𣿡
Ҫǡ˰ɣλС绹ͦӢµģѲˣһָżܵú˵һ¡
˵˸Ǹɶɣ
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ͬʱԮɨս, ˼֧ԮΪʲôôѸ٣ϸ, ¾ݲĵطܡ
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ǽѣֺԼû˴ߡҪúÿ¾ݣǲǾͲˣ
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⻰˵൱ίе¾ݵΪˡ
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Ҳ̫ܵû·ˤһӣĵβ׵ˡ
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û֪ǺģãȻصͷãллѡ
һЩڨڨģ˼С֮飬ҲöֻܸͣЦ˵һߡ
Ǿ̬ȹֵֹģɼˣҲû룬ܿսѹսСϸ

ǵϮ÷ǳͻȻƺפ֧ԮٶȸǾˣǻûע⵽ԣȿʼѰɢˣŻعζ
һжƺǱصľˣҲţսѡЩԻ󣬾
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ߵʱƺǵפɻ·ϣҲǵȥԮأ
սеĹնˣ裬Ӳ׺λս̤ϻפӪص·

ͬһʱ䣬ͼ½ǽҲƺǣפӪظǸ۽䡣
ƹƺǾнӭˣһ½е㼤ش˴֡
Ǽ½ɣſһ򣬾֪Ǹ˲õĺӡѽúÿͣС׬ˣ
ؿнȴû֨
ƺλнݿɲһ㣬ĸǰݰֵܣӱϽ͵ýһ塣ټ統ռ̳ʱĶ֧֣˫һֱڣ¹˵಻ŵҲ˵ʲô
нԸе⣬ֻûЦеضż½ԽԽֵܼҵ׬ˡ
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н۳˸鲻˶ڱϣתͷȥٺ͸߸٣ССҲˣãʰϽ׼ʲôʱ飿ϯģҵǰùܲμӣǿɲܸͻȻϮ
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нһ⻰Ͳˣʲô̫磿͸׼Ȣӵʱ򣬿ǰԤĻ繫˾;Ƶ꣡Ҹ˵ǸϽ˽ʱòʱѾٽˣҪŶӣ㡪
˵һ룬ͻȻڳ˱鶼ôζٿȻʶʲô
ǰɣ˶û磬㡪
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ɵسĬ˼, ̣, ô
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нֱɸ֣ɵͨеķûãˣҪǻ£ֱСְ֣
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һǰһ¾§Ҫ˵Բ𣬲Ĵûб㡣Ҳ֪ʱôΣաҸ˵Բ𡣡
¾ݻ⽩סǷֲԣϽǿԼɡ
һСᣬҧͷǻֱסǵ
ĸˡ
ļļ¹⣬תƻ⣺ҲԼˣֻǵġ»زȥģǵøŶ𣿡
¾ͷһɣæ֤˵Ҽסˣ»һôæҡ
ôһ˵ǷиǸˮСƬ̣̽˵ݣˡڲܰȫ飬㲻Ҫţʱһõ׳⡣ص׶ǺԸԸ⡭ȥ赼
¾ݱʵһ㶣ǻƬ̣·𱻴ʲôأһ£־ŭ͵һơ
һ̣ź㵵ؿԳ¾ݡ
ݡ⡣
¾ݼһұ죡ǣǲǺ¼ȺһҲǷӣ
ǰһæͣҲ˼ֻǵӰ鲻õѡҲϣΣա
ģ¾ݱŭϣΣգǣ⻰ֻƭƭ½ǸɵˣҪ浣ΣգôһһΪȺңûаҷڵһλȻҲ˵ңĿ챻ˣ
˵˭Ǽ˵Ĺ񣿡
¾޷ѵ崻һƿڴ໰һһ쮣һ
¾ݼ״һŤĿ⣬˵ˡ
ô޻˵ǣ̫αˣ˵ŰңʵأҲǺ¶ѣȴҲѡ񡢰ЩǷӣôôģ
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˾ͻ䣬Ǵδ¾ʼһҲû¾ܱ߶ơ
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ڵĻҫ۹ȻǾƣϵʵµ˶ƽȡ
ҫ۹Ƕι, һܵ۹ȨΪعš, лӵȫսڵֿ޺ǵĵһߡÿҫ۹лҳԱսɳܵ۹, Ѫҫ, ֵñǡ
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ѵǷ׵Ӱ
¾̲סЦʣ˵ѵдȺƽӹŻѵǼΪ¶ҪƾʲôᲢۣ
ţøһȣ
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˵һȺǼ, ʲô, ˫ֳ
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ȻǺУ¾̬ȣҲûʲô⡣
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ʶ¾ݵָǱܵؿû˵¾ݷֺǱض¾ݵߴ
¾ݷŭˣвǣңƾʲôʧˣʲôʸʧ
̫˶ˡ
¾ݻĸ¶ʧ̬ȣûڷ
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Խ˵Խޣ¾ݱס߿ޱֽݲ÷ǣ˼
Ǳ¾ݶֻ֣һζܣͻȻ⻰͵һ
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˵һʼ֪½Ĵڣ֪½ʲô
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΢һһ룬¾ݶݺݵ˵ߣһҧס̧𱣻Լֱۡ
һҧ¾޲ҧֱһ
ʹõͺһϽһֻȥֹ¾ݣ¾ͨ죬Ϸſ
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ǳû¾룬ͷһ¶С۹Ȼҧһ˿ڣѪҺӡﲻӿܿ͸Ե
¾ҲǸ˿ڣ֪ѪζȻعãȻؿǡ
Ҹոաôˣؿǽ䱸飬ֹסҡҧˣΪʲôҪҧ㣬Ҷʲô
ǰע⵽ƺʱ׼Զ޷ĽסͷŻ
ղʲô
ôȫܿҪ裿
ô£ǲǱʲôӰˣȻô˵Լʵ뷨
ǣǲȫˣ
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ǽش¾һȷ¾̫ԣȻǿоȺ竣֪ԼҪеʱΡ
иͷûüץסͿ¾һΣһͷ档
ݣʶһ嵽߱ס

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еңͷĲңͦסֵܡ
ǿЦлǰ˿ڵսѣ¾׼Ĵ¾ͽƺǱõҽԺ
֢Ƶҽ˽¾ݿһѼĿа飬ȥɷѡ¾ݸղ˵ÿ仰Ļ˵û뷨ǲܵģҲûô¾ݣĬȥ˷ѣ¾¼顣
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˵ҽ𾪵ı飬˵ӪһˣӼϿǰ΢Ӫ֢״ôѵľһ㶼ûǵô£
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ѧڼʵսΣѧУΪ˱֤ѧ״̬һѧӪҺ˶ü֧Ӫ
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ҽǳ߶߶ѵǣǼҽ˵ʲôֻ¾ǰӪ顣
ǵ÷ǳǰ¾ݸնʮ꣬Ǵļҵʱ
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ͷģܾúʲô벻ͨ͸
ҽǻ񣬵ɫݺ˵һ١
ǻع񣬺Ǹ˵¾ݵסԺҽҩסԺԼȥ¾ݰˡ

Ϊ¾ݺǷƺפӪ⣬Ϊſܵļ̳ߣʶֲ٣ԵǺ¾ִͱ͵ǰ
нõͬ⣬ɨ˼ϣͱ𺳵ʧ
Իվԭ˼˺һ󣬲ǿǿһյӣʲôѹŵڱЦûû۾ϹϹɵɵڣϹɵ
˵нһĴȣѽڿɲܺˣСǲǾùܲܳӢۣ
羹Զԡ
֪˴ǴԽȴúܣԷûнôɡ
нһüʲôѶԸģģӪر͸СжҪǲأС֡
ֻҪǻҪͲܶİ֡
ҪǳײҪˣ˳ƽϵв򷢵ƫԶشȥ
нĳ˵Ҳǲ֪Щ˰壬ҺֶǴӻ߹ˣû˱ǸʱƨöûС
ֻҪܵõҪģʲôֶβܿǣ
𴽽ǣġץĲҵģҺСˡ

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էȻƼ, Щӡ
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˺, ֪ԭأʼ
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¾סСʡ
ǽԭվ룬һ߰˰ӣڲ£˵ʲô
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⼸仰ģ¾ݵʱĲ֪Լڸʲô
Ѿܶûϵͳϵͳ羯ȥϵͳʸ񶼻ᱻᣬΪԼδܷǣеӾͲ֪ʵ뷨
ȻǸʱ˾.ٿһа취עԼۣ
ⲻı⣬û˵Щ
ʧȥϵͳĿޱȺ£֮£ǣͣʡͼԴ˴ǣ˵ʵ
ȴ֪ôӦźãĬһᣬο˵֪ݣ㲻Ҫ̫ࡣҽ˵Ӫ岻á
¾еʱ⻰ֿЩʶǲĽͣɵ˿ӣ˶Ҫըˡ
Ϊʲô
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û˵ѣ
ǰ˵ʲôǶ©ҲԼҵɣ˵ÿֶ滰ǾȻˣ
¾ݼֱţһץס˫߬Ž׵Ĳϣ촽޷Ƶز
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Ǻγ֪¾ίܿ¾ݵϺͽǣΪóŸ¾ݵĻ
ף¾ݺʱ˵ÿֶ¾ݵʵ뷨
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رڣ¾ݵı顢ԴǶ쳣ϿңǰÿһνͻҪУɻ¾ǰ˵ٴλѡ
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ûʲô˸Ҫ
תߣסҡҡ׹¾ݣչ£ϸοһᣬվȥҽ
¾ݺݺҧסԼ촽ܿ쳢Ѫζ߳ǰ̲סס
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ͬݺһºף¾һ竵֣ѿڶһ䡰ȥÿӦǿȥ
ʵǱ²ŻˣԼհףͷת֪룬ԼǺòͣԡ
æתشߣСĸ˳
¾ݽץס½ǣʣĵĽڣǣ㲻ֻңԸҽ𣿡
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ǲܸ߱¾֮䷢ʲôҽεļֱпԡ
Ĭ¾¿ļ飬ƺפٵ֪ͨ뿪ҽԺƣЭפѰ

ƺפǰæԭġ
УǴǵе֪͵ĺڿṩıУкܴһǽռ豸ӵУһۣί˵ȻѾ䱸Щ豸Ͼ⼸µ飬豸˽Զ㡣
㶣ŷӦУ˵ͼ½йء
߬߬ȭͷʣǡ֮ǰڻʦЭṫ
УͷûƵñȽϾȻȫ÷ǵúиµĺۼȴǺǵ©֮㣬ӱ߿ֻʳһֲ㣬ѳ嵥÷ǳԶ
ܵϸƣ˴˲ڰǸС
нԲڣǵ½ͬϤЭפѰ
ǵȻܾһľѥ˸شӦ
УµȽϷģЭʹƺչ̺ʽѲ顣
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飬޷Լ˼άƮԶǸΪƵˡ
ǸʱǶһ޶ģڶԷǰҲû¾ǰôǨͣǶԷʱʱ̿̿飬뾡취ġ
һƬ˭㹻ϵģӦ˿ĶʱȴмһˣԷĸ̤ӡ
֪ǲԵģ⡣
ϲ¾ݣܶһж
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ϲ˭ԴˡˣܵͷΪͷĨ¹ľƣȡ
Ǳ˱ۣѹƺǵʿŲֳۼܿҵһЩ
˳һ·ѰȥǹȻҵһϽǸ˵ǵļ򣬶úøɡ
ǿŶѷڲֿЩ
У˵ģȱ˶ʹü꣬ȷʵǸϤϸڣټһֱͶԷƲһĴá
Ҳıܼ尾
ûϧ¹ˣϣĵ˾ǶԷˡ
Ա¾ݵΪǿҵʧУٴγѰһǰסͷ۲ֿеӣɬѡ
˺뷨رϵˣȴ׷
Ҳ֪⵽һַ̣ʶ˲̤ĵıӦ

ǵЭ£ƺפܿ׷
ӵУʱл磬˸߲ҵǺһȥ
У㣬Ȼ֪ʲô¡ˣ㻹֪ɣϽ͵ִƺˣ˹ͣȥϽ
УǺϵ΢ĸı䣬Դ֮⡣
ǽ˽ܾȴУһ仰ϣ˵зҩļʲôرĴ㣬ȥ˵ܰæ
ͣ½Ųŵ˻Ҳ֪ʲô鿪˵á

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ǲǿ뷨, ȻȤ, ½ڸŸӵ˼, ǸУһᡣ
˴ӽͻӪ, 󣬾һǰнİ칫ҡ
·ϣУָ˵Ͻ󵽴ƺǣнȥӭӵġʱԶԶһۣƺ;ҽȥˡ
ᡣ
ż½ƺǣΪҩз飬ȥż½ºнʵ̫ˡ
ΪӺü꣬Ȼ֪нĸǰݰֵ, Ҫ, ýнһүнǸΪϲԸ, ƺвڡ
УĻ, һЦнֱڿ죬СģҪൣһ㡣
פӪشʱֵɻʱ䣬ǰн칫ҵ·þٳУͣճڣһȺڲٳϢʿתͷ˹ȥƼУߵǣ͵
нʱڿûԼˣ絽ôʱ䣬㹻ĵϵ䴫ˡ
ʿ̲סЦ
ǲУôˣ׼Ұְ𣿡
Ұְ֣ĸְְ
˵أ
˵ʵϻĸְֲأ
ѽǿɲһϾһְֲһ㰡
ǱǶüڣԼ仰Ǳ߿ȥ
нǸ⣬µıҲ̶ãۼͶԹע󲿷ֵ׷׳ǹٲִſڣǲҰְֵġ
Ⱥʿʲôϵ
ôôԼͼ
ǸĪɿУһۡ
Уһ綼æֲнϵû˺˵̫֪࣬ȺƦڷʲô裬ֱü
˭֪ʲôнıһԸࡣ
н΢ʣһ䱸ûٹȺó˽ʿòЦЦͼǰȥ
УٳϿһۣѹ·۵ĳ嶯߼ǡ

нıνڣٳн칫һһξ룬ڰ칫˶ٳǱЦн治ɫļ½еڨڨףԼ̶ֵܼİǰӡ
㣬ȺСҲ֪ʲôͷʰǣС˵
½ûȥôҪϵͳйء
¸׷ٵԹУݼϢĺڿ͵٣ΪжҲϽ棬Դһƺǡ⿪ŵĹͶͬ˵䵭ջĿ⣬󵽴ƺñŲ飬Ǳһ
ϵͳȷʵƺǵǵҲȷʵɱһԼȡ˵Ĵ㣬֪©˷ԷǵʱѾƺǳ롣
½һʱ䣬ͷһŲƺǵԱ嵥ϸ·Ϣȴóһ˲ŵĽۣΪϵͳĵûƺǡ
ü½ЩȣЩ¡
ѾܾûƤӵܵķǷϵͳˡ
²֪ϵͳĴڣڼ½ۺϸн˵ʾڿǰȥ磬ιðͷ½޷ȷ˭ôһ̽ǰˡ
ֻͷ¶β󣬸ǰ¶棡һһԹ
ĵϵüо²ð죬нĵϵעȴȫƫġ
нż½һһۣҲܻ伾½˵С˲áֻƻףֻҩֻԼͨ˲ţǸȫšС磬̸ô˰˰ٱӵˣҪץסڵص¿ɶϲۣҲûΣ
ߵļλٱڿǺڿ⣬ͻȻн⻰еЦá
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нˣصԼ򣬡ָָ½һúÿвŻԸƽˣ׷ûУᣬҪץסǸɵ
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紽ǻԣƫͷۺЦļ½˵зִ硣
ҵˣҵȻ뿪
нҪ˵ʲôտ˸ͷ칫ҴͻȻ죬⴫һ̴ġ桱
ЩϤ칫أһѾʶŵ˭׷¶

˵Ҳɣڴٳʿ΢ǺλУٶȣ˵н칫ʱǡнǾ䡰úÿвŻ
½ҽҩо⻰ɱʿζġĸְ֡һۣһ˲²⡣
нĳҲ֧̳ţȻվȽŸȴһֱƫƺǣûлصŴӪôȥнֻж١нֶĴʵ˵Ҫϵǿݵѡ
λУ̾н£Ͻ𽥺תôҲûʲôˣܼף˵Ч
˽һ㡣
׺Ȥзִ硱֤ʵĲ²⣬ͷһת̾Χ
нԸ΢ƫƫĳж磬Ҫ˵ʲôҲûŷ
飬԰æ
˼˰칫ҵš
칫ͻأذ˼룬ᶨĵһᣬ˵


ƿ߽칫ң˸ʶɨһȦҪн׼ʲô
ϣͷȫˣû׶Ĵڡ
Ŀߵļ½ϣĳͷȻըһ±ˣлŵϲ
ƲסԼĳ嶯ѿڶ½ô⣿㡪
ҽ
ʵ̫΢ʣĪ˵÷ǳ˳ֱü
нܲϲӣһͲˬ˿ӣû˵ʹϵǣôͳ˵ģĽأ
һ𣬱н˼ɵɵ죬ɴ۾½
н˵ʲô
˵˭ǳ
Լ崻ȫ޷˼˼ããһƬͷţң˫ֲ𶶣˫ģҪվס
ãءŵظ
ɲ𣿳˵Сʲô죿ոأͻȻܳнǸܴģЦһ񣬹˵С磬ô£Ҳüˣûúý̵
Ƴ۷·ѵǣƮƮسϴ󣺡ˡǰʱҾãһֱûϸҲ٣Ѿ㹻ĿУͷúú̸̸
̸̸̸ʲô
ȻһԤУʶȥߡЦƵļ½
½ע⵽𴽽ǣĵкϺá
ⲻʱ˵к·һشҵͷۻż½촽䶯£ȴһû
ܲϲǶԼˣΪ½ߣʣôˣǵʲô£

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ʲô׶, ʲôϵڣнһʼ޵˾Ǽ½
ܾҲǲÿ, Ǹܾ
úܽոպ񻹽˼½һ
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нȫǱƦӣнڣԵʱЦ
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нЩһӶ
ּգŭģٿȻ򹢴Уֻ㱨
ǡ
δĻϣҲð칫̰
Ǳһڳǵлתͷ˫ѩ˫ۣ˵ȵĴһȴ˲˸¡
Ȼ԰׵ɫʣԽϻ㱨ѰΪ㱨̹ǰģ
ǻ棬ɫӲ԰ףҽƱ磬ϴ̹ٲҵģҴˣԲ𡣡
УЦΥ棬Բˣ
нǺЦվߵߣ·ǳѺõǼȴһ㶼û۵Ƕͷһ߳ϸܵĺ顣
ôС˵СءнֻûĲʣҪ˵ССҲдˣúýôУְֵԺҪúú
ض˰ְ֣ɹǽԭء
΢̵ܽҼסˣ塣Ȼص׶ǣһϸ̸̸£ƫͷοϷļ½Ц½ǱϾûĿڡ
н۾һ˸ĴָĵϵٴЦſ塣
ĿڣĿڣ
аְ֣У㻹ʲôаְ֣
ɫʱ͵ͨ죬ӲӵŻջǣ˶Ҫðˡ
ȺƦȺƦϹʲô壡
ʲôڣƾʲôĿڣ
½ǰѣ½ϲ½Ϊ࣬ΪʲôҪĿڽһְͬ֡
ܣԲܣ
ȭͷ˵ԼŵĶʲôζҧŲӾǲϿڣǿҵѣθҡҡ׹޷úվš
翴۶ǲʣӱ𣬿ɼˣ΢΢۹˹ǣתͷѯԵؿ½
½Ȥ˸㡱Ŀ͡
н̲סЦֳ弾½˸Ĵָ罻һ㵽ΪֹԼԼ
ǾӪײǴµĵطǻص׶ɡ
ǵĴѾˣ칫Χ۵ֲ٣̼ȥҪ˵ʲôԼ½ĻͲˡ
ڣǽм½ְǳ£һʱ
н̨׸Ҳ˳ˣλУʲô£ֻУʵ亹乲ŷŹǡ
ǻ£ȥĿɨУ۾ϣǣΥ棬Լȥ췣
£ʶ½Ǳ߿һۡ
õļ½һЦ˹˵ټ
һҭһû
ŵ˵˾½һټǰлҪܣִӹ͸ͺӣһ̴ǵǣֻѿɫ䷢췢ϣ˲㵱衣
н̲סҪ½ˣ绳˿Ľ弾½͵ЦЦתͷǹ
ڳǰʲôãͺȡ
Ǳˮ̧ͷ磬Ⱦüۣвг嶯ȫᣬ˫ֹס
ʱֳĿֲȨյƣԼݣʹĲʣҲûеΥӲ˾ˡ
ײײ߳칫ҴţǲźۼܾУĺ⣬ͻȻһȵȡ

жϳһԼ˵һ£תͷѯʵؿ
ڣߵļ½ͳ΢΢һЦ
ǵôš
Ǵ㵵ؿۼ½⿴ף֮ӿĬһ¾ľˡ
Ĭţͣͬͬŵˡ

ô
һôģ
½һǲҪ
½𣿻
ǻͷ˽յİ칫һᣬģȫòЩĴ𰸣벻ͨǰʲôʱһģֻųصţɫÿ¡
һ·У˸ۣȴʲôû˵
ղǿˣǸʲôõĽ;ϽǸ̬ȣָʲôʱǼ̳ݶء
˻һûǰ;ģУȫ棬˸ھһ뿪ˡ
û뵽УԸܣɫõˮ˰칫¥һܣע⵽ֱܶӵĴסսȭͷ
ǸǸ񣬾ͺڳЦһֻɥ֮Ȯ
ҧأԼƲסĵıꡢܺͰգƺפӪغ˷ͻ
ղнµʱ칫ҴûйأЩҲѾˡ˵ˣΪӡδļ̳ˣʧȥȡ
úܺãϧƺפȱľǹ⡣
ʲôȡʲô˵ҪԽǹǵߺͳЦԽ䱾塣
ɲǼ䣬˷Ц˴ĺڣüŪ۳Ǵ󺰣
УСְ𣿶˸ĸоôѽ
һǺܺõĶԲԣϾСְô˭˭أ
ѽ˵ˣЩҩҶȥϰְˣ
㣬ֻҪְԸҸһ̨ף˵аְ֣үүڶУ
ɱɱУϽӣүү˱𣿡
Сְ֣

⼸̫̼Ǻͷһ𣬱һ䣬Ⱦϼ
ܵˣ۾һ¥ټΪϲģ¹һЩΪȷʵȽϺˡ
ȻƺЩѵŴģ
Աǰ߷ŭ磬׾ӵģ¾ֻ뵽ܿŭһʡ
Цٴ𣬱֮ǰҪ֣ĿһصڴǶУֱ׵ơ
ŭһˣȻλͬôУʱעеûС£絽ѵдд裿
ϱƦ¶֣ԵźãӦ
ҪƷݶļ½һĻ²ü塣
׼һ˲¶绺ߵߣһִıϣʣ棿
½𴽽ǣǵ㱾£ʲôúġ
ֻǶǱϱŹĳеڴ
ˣԭʵкܴһֹļߣȴôںͷԼ˻ײϱд裬ǱȻ
ϴʱûпζ͵ǰˣûɲۼ֤һ¡
¼½ĶȻϣģá

93 93

ʵǺ⼾½ǽӴ, ü½ǱҲá
ԽǱͳĵԽɫ
ô˼ضԼ½ֻΡ
½û, صͱȲ, ܿ㻹ݣģ¹ΪɷȮ
е̹ȾЦ, Ҳûţֻͼ½нһǰѵ, ԹǺд衣
Ҳ֪Ϊ㹻ŭ, Ǿϴδ˽¼ѵˣһдֵñϴҪǿࡣ
нԼϱʲôˮ׼һ
, ҪܱҲҩɾȡ¾벻͸
ģ̳˶Ŷ, ѲǱġ
нһЦôǱģҪҪ, ѡ񰡣˲١ۼ½, ܸԣо, ¸㡣
Ҳƫͷ²ѵļ½, Цԡ
, Ժеѡ, Ҳеʱ䡣
½ƮƮһֻۣʲôûתҡҡλεĻϣע⵽Ǽܶ΢ɬ˲˶ԷѾ磬ɱܵһЩӰ졣
սĻ׾׼ץסֳУạ̶̰̊́ھƵߵ·磬òǱĴӴڣѰһᷴ
½Цˡ
ˮƽ̬ȲסҪļһİæпߵλã
ѹŴǿҵлǸԼжס
ǲˣ͸ˡ
ֱ󣬼½Цпſǣϵͳһɢȥ١

缾½룬ȷʵܵ˾޴
űͻ׺սʱʶȨѾ٣Эִʱżӡ󣬵Щû׵͹ȡ
°ܽפѰӵĳԱɵĴ޴
ΨкȫʶϱͬĻ׶սᵽʲôĶһ޶Ѿ̸
ȥѵڣֻҪǿȼﵽAϵϱ΢ḻһ㣬дʱ;Բ·磻ǿȼԵ͡߾鲻ḻʿȻˮƽҲûȡѹԵơ
ǰֵĳ档
ǿ۽ײ̨ɫ԰ף͸һҰܣþȫ־Լû˫ַ
ʶʧȥʲôѾûصĻᡣ
뵽ҽԺ¾ݣĬƬ̣˱ۣѹȥҼ½ĳ嶯
Ѿһˣٹһ
¾Ʒ覴ã¾ݺȫһȻѾѡ񣬾ûʸͷˡ
ˣȴֻһףȥ̵ȥ¾ݡ
ӺһЦ鸴ӵ㣬źԼദǢļ½ŨҵĲʵ˵κףĴȴʾ䡣
Ʋս߲ܡԵģһϱĹۡ
ҲĹ۶ѡ
¹˴ôǷǰɲȻ綼ҪˣǶǺ˸̳һУ
ϱǺԼĲһͲмϣøմӻµǱвʡ
ĬĬպãͷ۶ʮİˣһ˲Ļ㱡
桭
룬ȴֻģĻ棬ǰ¼ȫһ飬ŷӦǼ½μѾۻʱѴĳ
촽˲ЩȻ
ļʲôʱˣ
ǵò𰸣ʧȴŨˣɨ½Ϣ뿪ѵڳЦվһʧǵ뿪פӪء

ΪΥ棬ǵȥչһ¾ݣڶҪȥפӪ췣
¾һҽԺУٵǨæ
Ǩظ֤һ£ͳؿǽִƺǣչЩ¾ݡ
ò˵ǨǸ٣еʱȱ˸Ҳ
չ¾ݵĹУܵ¾ݲͬѰıϷСͻȻΥΪһΡ
ɳͷǨ¾˵һףΪŷСȥƺǱصľưǲ
˺˵ƣʶЩƮ𽥶Ǩţܿʶڡ
զ£¾ݳ𣿡ǨСģȴȽֱףǲǲƫ̻½飿
ǺǿЦ£ûе¡
ǨˣûСԹŨҲǣһ˵еģԲԸͻԼԲ
˵Ĳá
Ǩܳʵصͷͬ治áǰŶǣͼ½ʱô⣬Ȧмɶˣƫƫ˼½̸ģܲо𣿡
ѣײҹ½ʲô뷨ʱ¾ݣҿ϶¾ݡأķֲ㵽׸˭ˡǨ˿ǣĸеΣֵܣò׼ʲô̬ȶԴ¾ˡ
Զԡ
ô᲻֪ǨѷǳֱǷǲֵĵزĲ֪ôԴ¾ݡ
ǳĬãǨҲžƣֱƿףǵĻش
Ǩ֪½Ĵˡǳ˵Ҳ֪½ݡ
ǨŶһû̫࣬Ҳûر⣺¼ҲǸˣǸӦñҸС˵ҳڣͷйˡ
ǱЩ
¾ݵĸ׺ͷҲйˡǨ룬϶صͷ϶ǲ֮ǰйʲôģϾĸ֮ûٱѹԷܵܵܣͬͬĸģܽܡ
սеľƱ£Ϊʲô֪
Ǩֵؿʲôϵ˵ǺҪ˵㲻֪ҲڰɣҺģʱ㻹˵¡
ָֽžƱ˵ʲôʱ飬һӡҲûС
Ǩ룬˸ʱ䣺ʱںȾƣ˲٣ûӡҲ
òģҲɣֻҽԭ
Ǩ˵Ȼ֪½ĴڣҲû飬ǾǽΪ⣬ôʲôȥǸԺ󲻻Բ鲻ˡ
ǨΪ⣬ûа취ֻܰѻ˵ʱڻҫ۹͹ڵ磬Ǵ֪µģҺͼ½һֱǴȫܣ֪ǹϵֻǼѣң¡˭ģ
Ǩ׹ϸһ߼ȻǾﲻһŶģвһˣϱû˭ɡҪΪգֵܣûбҪȫûбҪ
ЩҵĹȫͬ
¾ݴĵߣȥֵֻܷ
Ǩֵ؆һôֵܣĸҲǰȥɰ¾ݣϲĲʱǸ˾ֲܣʲô
ǨĻ
ˣǨ˵ǶԵģ¾ݵļȻûͣǰĶģһֱǼǸǳȴеꡣ
˵һֱ¾ݣ˵һֱŵ¾ݷ¼ʱĸо
µ
ΪˣŻע⵽Ǵѧļ½
ǿͬ磬ȴǿ

94 94

¾, ½ļȻǼǸ
ƫƫ´£¼߱촩ֽߣ½һͿʼ߸, ʵжԭǸѾˡ
ܶʱ, ĶŻӣʧȥĶŻϧ
ʱ̲ǡѾʧȥˡŻĴ治ʡ֪ʲôԭ, ԸԼʧܣԸڵ, Ϊ˺ڡ
ϧ˲, ½Ǹ˲ţͿǿԼ뷨ҪʾԼڹΪ½㹻вŻ
ֱ
ʵ, ԼΪʲôԽ
һڼβ, ƺʢġζƫȴ㹻ҵľҺƷ޾ɬ
Ǩ˵ܲ, Ƿľãһֱת, 粻ŵļ̳ˡŴǶĵطҸôˡű, , , Ҿ˵ˡ
Ǩʧɫ, û뵽С룬æȥСı飬ϣֻ˵
ϵʱͻȻͲ֪˵ʲôˡ
ǷЦһнԼѡɵģҲ浽Ǹزʲôѽܡ
һʼûԼ½ҲͲᱻŴ󲿷ʵȨľ
ûʵò߲ٵ֧֣ûȾż̳λõĿܡ
䵽ʱ㡣
ǨҲ֪ôοСĥ˺ðž˵ʵʵ㲻Ҳͦáֵܣ˺ܽҰֺ˵ĺûڶԵĵطʵʵɸپͦá
⻰һ㶼Ǩļ򣬸п˵ҡЩҪȥԾ˵ˣ²ܽܡ
ɵĪȴȫûӡرʶԼԾ֮ǽػ˺ܾùȥ𽥴¾ݹСӿߡ
İ¹⣬ȨƸˡ
֪Ǹˡ
½ļƴ۵ذԸΪһУǰ;ˣûϧߣʧ϶õˡ
֪½ͼ߲ͬһˣֻڵļ½ˣԼŪļ½
ͷű޵ĺɫҺ
ܺڣǳǳϣصȥ֪
Ѿ޷ı䣬½ˣһԣʲĶ֣ʲôضѡ
Ӧ˵ǾŻһ˲һţҲһûʲôܽܵģпܣ
ûпܡ
ǿһੲݰοķСЩο
ŵо仰˵úã֮ΪˣΪ˼룬ܹƱܡһͲٹһԼ뷨
ûϵ̰ɣ̺ܽõʱ
Ҫʵǽ̲á
Ǳ۾ƱͷС˸ͷһ
̲ҲܷˡΪ¾ݣʧ̫ණֻʣ¾ݱˡ
ˮһգΪԼҲܷſ¾ݡ
ο¾͹ôųȥָ᲻ˡ
Ĳ

Ǩ̸һأͷǨȥԼչ¾ݡ
¾൱ϲ
ǨΪĵ׾ԼȫûΪѹǨǻ˶Ǩ˼ؽ
˵Ǩ¾ʵǲ
ʼҩǼߵ֣˶ٶб仯ΨǨһ˼ȼ򵥣Сٶ༼ܶûãվǸģʱ¾ݰʲôǨȻҲͲȥҪˣǨֱָȥѯǣȫһȥ
Թض¾ݲûĿģ˻ɣøҹµ¾һ¾ˣҲȥǨһ
ҲΪˣϵͳûǨռκˡ
¾ռϷʱϻǿܸǨֺɫǨͻȻּռչʱ䣬ܸǨɫŹˡ
Ǩ뿪˵ľ¾ݣǰ֤
֮ǰŷںܿܶн٣̫װ˺ü̽ѯǰ췣顣
ǻͦĵģΥ˾棬ݲ˵ֻͷѾǸ⿪ˡ
¾а˼һͷʧ䣺ģһΪ½ĺã͵͵ȥˡ
һ㶣عȾϼִ
ôô룿⼸Ӫ췣ûʱ׶ܡ
¾еԹؿһۣ˭֪ǲıˡϽӣһôеӷ㣿
ǵ˵ôûУûһϵ㲻Ҫ¼롣ֲǰ裬˭Υ˾ˣҪ涨ܴ
¾һҭεץû˵
⻰˵ģ¼ҶƵġ˵ȷʵδļ̳ˣ˶һ㲻Ӧõ
䵭ˣݣймҹ棬ҲоеĹءɽǾ˵ְұȨǲпΥΥ¼ҲϾ·ͥģѵ¼ҵΪǶԵģ
ӲĻʵ̫ģû˼Ҳûûе¾ݱҭͨ죬촽ǣζû˵
Ǻ¼ңһֱϣ¼ҵԽͷ֮ޣⲻϣԼǡ
ͼ½עֻʤһڼ½մմϲĶѾݻٴѾѰˣǻҪιӣ
ʲôϲ
ǾǸ
¾ݺ۾Ҫ䲻䡣
ǿòһ˲û˵κ
ľǴģڴǴϹ¾ݣ¾ݱԼ
ʶ̬ȾԲᶯҡ¾ֺޣҲ˲ں½ˣҧһΪĽƵ̫Զͷϴ
ǿǲҲû취̾˿еʱֺ̣¾˻죬ȥ¾ݴˡ

¾ݺ֮ǵ翴Ц⼸յ鱨ʱĵģ˽ЦųǲǸ͡ϹϹƺŵˡ
߸ٺٺ޲ûԼϽ⻰쿴ؾǲϿ硣
½ЦԷǣǰûôϲȥѵΪ˷ֻ𣿡
·¹ԣƽ˵ҺȥȻˣе㵣ľͺúúͶԷӣܵżﳤô¡
˵½ɾ͸ЦˣûĿ𣿡
綯˶٣ڼ½ϣն˵ĿڡܿͻĿڡ
ֻǣ¾ҲҪһĿڡ
Ȼ÷˴飬Ϊô֧ܲأ
󶨣Ҳûл½źá
½£˹ķң׾󡣡
治ɫΪҰ㡣ΪһˣҳԴ顣
߸ٺٺ޲öԼĶ䣬½ɨ޿ıһۣ˵ܲˣȷϵ֮øҪˣģʱʱҪǿڮһǣ·λٲһҪźۼֹؽĿչʾƺפС
½ʶˣе硣
Ȼ£ܵһ·ִ磬Ȼͣ˿ɾҪˡ
ûмŴӦڵ˵ҶǷģܿҵϣôͣ
ģԺúܡ
½

95 95

½ԡ
˵ı˲ƺפ, еĺڿ͡ŵϵͳ
нϵԸ, ֵٿǶỳɣ˭˾нԽ, ɲ͵Խִ顣
нԼõú, Ҳص˼뿪ƺǡ
½Ѿ, ΢ĥ£ǸͦõĻᡣ
ϵͳ, Ť̵İ취Ըʱڵ֮, ݼ֮ǰϵͳֱӶλ֮ӼŦ
һǳ⣬ͼ߱˴˼䲻ٳϵ, ̽ܵ޴Ӱ졣
ƺǸߵ൱ڸϵͳ, ʹûŦڣλ֮ҲԽµϵֻҪ½һ磬ܸϵͳѹͽǡ
ϵͳֲǳͷβֵֵҪ, ܻʧ뱩¶١
ҵϵͳλã½׼ֱӲ
˵ʵ, ȼߵȵ̫, Ѿе㲻ͷˡǲԸüԼ, ϵͳһٶ, ĵߣȥ
ټ֮ǰδ¾ݺϵͳϵͳȴ¾룬ڿ¸û㹻ؼܣ˫ϵܣͲ˵õʱʱָʱ
ǵߵ飬½룬Ǿ֪Էһ
ƫͷࡢȴϲϷſ磬½ЦЦͷһȦų紦Ŀյص䣬˽촩֡

촩ֵ쵼ʵһ㶼յ½ͨѶ
һȺƽʱھżߵϺ궢һĿҪ쵽ĵϣռ½󲻵òӲͷƤ
Ϊ׵Ϻ续漷һЦþò½̹𣿡
½ƫ۾̹̹ͦЦˣۡ
ϺһŭԵЦݣίͰ͵˵Ŷ½ʲô£
½ӱϣȣĵ˵ûʲô£ҵļ߹ôʽӦ˰ɣôûң
ϺһۣԥƬ̻ʵش𣺡ʺܺãɶȶǸʱˡٶҲ죬ϴǵڣѾĸʽĿǰִе
½һֱ壬Ŀɨ漸ˣ·űӣҲǴôǵʱӦúúõģȴΥʲôû˵
촩ֵϺܲ˼½˷ԩ
½磬ǾǸĸҲĽǣϾˣ
ûûΪȷǵʱС綨λˣһ㶼û飬Ļˡ˵Ķ˵ˣǰɣʱ̫ȥ
½е㾪ȣŶΪʲô
ϺǸίˣ½磬ɣҪ֪п촩ֵ˶㡣
½ʲô
ϺǣվĹ涨ӵǰݣҪļûݵġû˵˾־ߵݶ㱾˽ƣʲô޵顣㵱촩ֵʱʵѾǳ
˵Ϻ£֯һԣǸί
ĻۺԭѾûס㣬ټǿԻȥʱûܵʲôѹơ
ȻǸʱ½ʵԭʶѹҲûܣɴü½Ͻ뿪˵һ⡪Ҫʹ츴𣬾ͱ㹻ʵ
ļ߲ͬû㵱أûݣҪȥǱ΢һġģǼ½ĴʣϺЦ˵ߺе˼ǼȻʼʱô棬ûʱڷܣһʵ
½Ȼԭ
ʲôܲܣ˵˲Ǿʵ㣬صʱױ־ѹƣʹʹŹ
Ϊܹúһٻ߼٣ļֻ߲ͣϣ۹û˽¡
½°ͣȤʣôоҵļ״̬ޣǾԼȥ̫Ϲйأ
Ϻû˵
ʵϼ½ûиоļ߻͡ȥйһֱ𲻱ģǶ⡣
Լ߶ԣϵͳزʶǳ߼ϵͳȴΪϵͳġǾͲһˣǱϾĳⰮˣҲϵͳ𣬿ǲν෴׼Ǹ𣬿һҪֺݺǼ١
½ɨϺǵı飬ܿ˼ߵ˼
Ǻ˵ģΪʲôˡ
Ϻ¶΢ı顣
ɣǾùĺ⡣
ɣ֮ǰܵĴ̼̫ˣĵһʲôûʹˡǾ˶ηǣ㣬˵Ķǿɾ̫ˡѵڼ䣬ֻҪʱ¼˺ͱȽϳ㡣
ӱҪƬֺ㳤а˷ƣرˣͲøһ㣬ǾͿʼģоֹһЩеǸʲôҲѧ˾档
ϺԽ˵Խ΢ᶼҪˡ
½ļ߸յ촩ֵʱǸС˭ֻ֪һѵ˾ͷ췭ظı仯أ
ĥ񼸺Ǽ½ķˡ
ࡢʡֹ˵ƺ飬ֱͼ½ûв
㽫ָ𣬺ý߳һξ˵ʵԶָҪԼе㲻ʶôһƬģֲı⣬еӱ
һӱܰɣꡣ
˵½ģ½ļߺݺڶԷִ˾ȺµʵϺֱɩ壬޲õʹޡɵġ
뵽ԭ绹иеǿ촩ֵٲҲȲǣϺ˵㰲ο
½ЦǻǻҰοаɣȻģҲǺ¾һţǷϵͳܿƾͿƣƲ顣˵ٴɨһȺϺ꣬絶棬֪ϵͳĴڹѡ磬ȫ֪飿
Ϻǲ㱻ŵͷ亹ָ췢ģĲ֪ǸȻзǷϵͳڣչأݵҪϸѡҲ˺ܶɸ飬û˿
½Ƴһۣ˼صͷҲû˵Żǲš
ϺҲҶ¼½Ƕɣ벹˵ˣϾҪص㻹ʲôҪ𣿡
½ЦЦǾ͸ԭ磬׼ϵͳˡ
ϺͷʾԼһѻﵽ
½ˣҶ硣

ȷ˼ߵ½߳ʱ˼ɾ͸ˡԽߵע˻߷Խܡ
¾δȫ½֮Ĺϵʵܲ˼½ܺͬһطرʱʱ¡
ϵͳ㲻˵ֻҪǵξͲΪʲô˵¸ԼƣŨŨԹޣѵ½ѾɳϹ⻷ԶӰҵĵز
ϵͳĮǸĿʱڸľӪС
¾ݼһβȻϵĹ⻷Ӱңǽǹ⻷ԲԣЩڻңԼʲô¶ûУȫ⻷˵ߣǼ½Ǽ½зҩ͸ҩ˾͸ң

96 96

ϵͳûз¾ݵĻ, Ȼ, Ҳûͬ
һ򱣳ģȥȥ, ֻںʵʱʵ, ĻŲɡ
¾ݱܣڲ, ֻ˵ûϵͳҪܳͷ
¾ݰϵͳ, ˴δɵı׼ͳͷʩ, Ȼʵأϵͳһռ⹤ߣԼĿܾ꣬Թ˽ִĳ׼֮Բ¾ϵļ, ޷ΪԼܵˡ
ϾԼΪĵϵͳԼҪҪֳһָ, Ǳ΢һЩһȽϿ̵ֻѹեά档
¾ݴûЩ
ʱϵͳŪסˣû˼ϵͳıʣϵͳ, ͣĴΪý˺ܵϵͳӰԽԽ, Ҳûᷢϵͳˡ
¾, ֻһǿʶĿܡ
ȻԼĲ², ֻϵͳĳĬĬ, ޺޵˵Ȼˣ˵пȡңҾڲǴӱԶӣıºᲢۣϿ϶⡣Ȼ㿴㿴ǿҵĳɾȡҵģ
¾кŨңΪŭڲ
ҧгݣ¼ٲǶôĻǣô˵ҲǸɫҩʦ塣ҴСͱ¼˿ޣֽܹϸµôܱȲһӣҪֶΣµ˾ң֪𣿻ĴѧĽڻȥ
ôԣ¾ѡ֮ӶûĴ½һƾʲô룿
¾Խ˵ԽʵܲˣƵĿʼ˺µı۾ͨһƬ⺧ˡ
ϵͳԴ޶ԣһ¾ɢһ߾¾ʰ顣
ϵͳû뵽¾һη¾Ȼ
ϵͳ㲻˵ʱҪԶܲʱû˵˵ˣǲѾ絽ܲˣǱô˵ҽ촦ôѣԤΣյȼɵģǾһ㲹ûУ׼ôԾʧܣ
ѵ֮
Ϊͳôֵñ֣ضԴ
½ǸĽָǿòã
¾ԹŨңϵͳصӿЩ𾪡ǵ¾ݻã¾˺Ƥò¾ݡ
ʱҲֻܲŴ룬һȨһϢϢ׼һ
¾ݶһ٣ͼ½ЩƵľľĬһ˵İɡ
ϵͳõġһϢǣĿǱܾѾ˶Ρ
¾﷢ݣУԤδʱ˵ǸյǰɣıҾͲµˡ
ϵͳΪʱͺ˵ȥܾܿǺŰŰĵĴϷУΪǸб˶εİ¹⡣
ֻҪӾ硢С˵͸ְ֪¹³á
¾ݵʱܽܣߵزⲻ̫飬Ͼ֪δ򣬻ԾȵĻᡣ
һϢأĥĥʡ
ϵͳش𣺡ڶϢǣռĿѾˡ
¾ˣ
˵ʲôҵռĿꣿãþãʲôһˣԭŤ˷˵Ͻ
ϵͳеϽͣǵġ
¾ݲ㵱ιȥ
˵ʵϽ¾ϲ֪ͣô£ϵͳдռĿʱʹͰ˽ȥ
дõĿ겻޸ģ¾ҲԼô͹ˣȻѾɣֻܽʹº룬ԼʱϽǵǿӢ۾ԷôɫʱһҲ
¾ݶϽȤһֱû̫עϽⲻζ̼½ȾָĿеˣ
Ǳ½û겻֮
ôôҪôôҪ¾˶Ҫˣ仰ͣ
ϵͳؿӦ˺üӣ˵Ϣ
ΪֵܾʧҪΣյȼߵ淴ߣΪȫֲʧܾرǷʹüܵȨޡΪϢΪǧ֮Ϊʮֻɾ͵㡣
¾ݱϵͳĻǣɴ۾һͻȻҪϵͳ
ϵͳ¾Ŀڳɾ͵ǴϣؿһһΣȷûˣ̲סȿЦ
ҲǷծˣ
ǣϲ֮£Ӫʵڳܲһصȥ
ϵͳһ£ֻǻԣĮط˰ҽĴ㡣
ֻҪ¾ûΣգӰļƻ;ԲΪ¾ʹһ෴¾ݻࡣ
뵱ԺΪɢ˻عѣ±¾ûϵϵͳԼûõֵܵǨŭ¾ݡһˣֱӸĶ¾ݵĳɾ͵ֵ˵Ϊ˱¾õġ
ʵϣʲôܲҲڣֳɾ͵㱾ϵͳƣдپǶ١
¾ݻΪԼٴκͼ½һսʱΪ˸˵þ˹ȥʵϣֱϵͳƭһζѡ
ĴϵͳҲûָܶԼ½ʲô˺ҪӱԼ
ڼ½
ȻҪϵͳˡ
ѩǵŽȷ˼½֮ӵݣϵͳԼ½ֱ⼫ˡ
ⲻֳɵѡü½һ֮и飬ֻҪܵδ£½ϵ

¾޹ʻԵ鵱ͱ͵½ͷ
µϵͳص¾ϣͷֿʼؼƺǵϵͳ
ϵͳֲתƣΪý뿪ʱû߳Զͱڵϣþûܰȫѡ
ע⵽ʮƣΧ׷½ϵͳǵʵ̰ɱĶˡ
԰յܻöһ
ϵͳţһ
òԣ΢һ㣬ͷೣ˵ġ﷢ĸоæץȡµĴзʶϵͳĻ񣬵Ȼŭ
㡢ɫߣȻԶŹ¼޳ܣ㲻Ҫ
Ϲæļ½
±ߣкϵͳڡ
϶˵Ĺûô޳ܵĶҾҪΪ˼븶ۣ
½
΢ؿŹͶһдˢϵͳѽѷ֣ϵͳʱʱ̽Сȥһ·µķ𽥹Ź֡
翴룬½ıѹʣʲô𣿡
½Ĭ룬ӵҲûʲôǺ֤һԽ塢ʮȤమɱ
£
·ĸеҲûУ϶ֶŵģң
½Ŷõİɡ
£
£ΪʲôôźʱˣܱܲſϷ
½ûϷҾǾе㾪ȡ
ô˵½϶ɲδ£ɱݿ㽫ϵͳķ˺Ƭ
ϵͳŵûɢٲҶڻβ˦һԴ¼½ŲǱߡ
ܲæҪ׷½ֱ¡
СıȾ
ϵͳԴ벻ôýӴģ
½𴽽ǡ
һֶˣϵͳԪˣԺܿ׷Ҳˡ
ν֣ɹѾԤơ

97 97

½ͷϵͳԴ, ֪ĴһȾ, пƼˮƽκ豸һմϹ, Ȼ⵽ԴͻȻôһԴ, ²ֹͷ׷⣬ЩȾһ豸, Ժ˵١
½üЩζ
شȾ, ӸԴϼ鷳, ΪʲôԼһ㹤
ϵͳܵ˺ܲôһԴ뵽ֻ׷ϵͳ, ϵͳļ
ҲӲ֤һ, ϵͳ񻹲֪촩ԱݣȻҲһѱ
ĸǷϵͳ֪ǿ촩ֵָУ
ŵķǷϵͳ˿촩ָǰҲֻûӲյķݶ
˼½ǹ䣬ҷЩ, ҩЧʱˡ
ϵͳҩݿ⣬泭ϵͳϵ, »ᷢ衣
ֻҪϵͳж, ½ҵ
۾, ½ûչ, Ҳʱ촩һΣһ߼ˡ

ϵͳβµ涵˺üȦӣƵԼαװȷºͼ½û׷űԼĺ͵͵ص¾ϡ
Է󣬵֪Ǽ½Ķ֣ٶ಻Ҳֻѹ¡
˭൱һȥֵأ
Ǹάαװöô˹ܻʵȴɴ빹ɵġжϵĲֻݣϵͳԣǾ൱ֽš
ǿɵӲŻѻʯ
ϵͳһδ粼֣˵һ㶼ɵͻȻͨ˿ȷ˷µǼ½Ҳûɹ½ݡ
Ϊ֤룬ѩǵź¾̽
ľ飬촩Ա΢ʧأͻᱻʶͿ촩˫ͬʱ棬Լ½һһĴ֣Ȼ½ܵشֳʶ޲ȻΪ½Ϳ촩ûйϵ
Щϵͳ̰ȷ˼½ݣע⵽½֮ĹϵȻͶ˼
ûбϵͳ֮ϣɹ֮ӵв֮ŤߡϵͳǰǳηʶڣһϵиӲ㣬Ϊɿü½Ϊһʶηһ¾ࡣ
ϧûü֣ͱºͼ½һʹᡣ
ԭļƻ˵ܵشʹû˰в䶼û
ϵͳŭֺޣͬʱвȼ½ĿҲˡ
һҪü½Ϊ
¾ݴϢһᣬϵͳνв㣬ΪֻҪ¾ϵּ½ʶĿܻǱȽϸߵģ¾ʧˡ
¾ݸմӻجģ˶ɵˡ
ʲô˯ŵʱַʲô⣬ô֪񣿣˵˵ţ¾ݱغ
ϵͳһ˵ͳƣŴ󲿷־ٶ߶Ͽɣλɺ㣬ϮɹռĿĿԲٷ֮ѵָ꣬Ϊʧܡ
¾죬뷴ںǳ
ðΣһԼֻǺܿϧû˵ʲôֻбĺк
ϵͳһƽʱ䣬ٴκŪ
ѽϱܲչ涨ռĿʧܣϵͳ̽󶨣ִܲύͬʱύһ룬ܲſ޺Ҫ󡣡
¾ݻһعޱȣֽһƬȴϣĹ⡣
ôͨǲǿԲýˣ
ϵͳװģش𣺡뻹УҪʮӵһСʱ
¾Щʧתһ룬ûϢҲǺϢصȴ˽
ϵͳ״̹һЩ
ʵϣһֱǺϲ¾
Ϊ¾ݴǡǡ෴Ϊ¾ݻ
ѡ˵ˣϵͳΪǳסƲ⵽߷չ¾ݽΪһѧԳɼɱϵͳֻҪܿû뵽ͻȻһԴһʱûɱȥμʵ
ϵͳԭ׼õļƻȫûãֻǵ׼¾ݣ¾״̬
ϵͳ¾ŵΪԴ¾ҲͰˣ˭֪òΣգǩԼʱµռĿֺ֮Ӻ޹ϵ
ϵͳô¾ļƻ
Լ¾ݴͶ¾ݶֱ֣ӿ¾д֡
ôһ㣬ϵͳĿǴˣ¾Ҳɱⱻ˵˴ԡ
ڴ֮ǰ¾Ȼ㲻϶ǿôҲͨƫϵˮ׼ȻСʱҲᱻ¼ӣԴ֮˼άʽӦٶȵȶ˹ƫо涼ܵ˲õӰ졣
ϵͳûΪ˺ڣͦá
ΪһڻûбŵױʶĨɱǶȽÿһΣԶͣ¾ȡһҲ˵ͨò¾ơ
ƲҪκң¾ԽԽûб£ԽŤִĳ£ȻԽĻʲôͶԽ㡣
ϵͳ״̬ƫƫ¾ˡ
Լ뷨ϵͳʱҲʣϵͳʤûֱҪûǣΪֱ˺һᱻʶĨɱֻܳʱѹлͻóͷ桢ߵȷʽв
¾ϵͳ޷ϵͳҲˣͱŪɽӣϵͳɿ̽ıܣҲˡ
ʹˣϵͳ¾ɲǺ⡣
Ϊ¾ǫ
ڼ½һӦǹ۸¾ݣ͹¾ǵӣƸ¾ͨˡ
¾ͷһɣƣǵӿϣ֫һ¾ˣԿصصڴͷճЦ
ϵͳһᣬ˵ܲſʱޡĿǰѺ⣬ʲô㣿
¾æ飬ʣʲô𣿡
ϵͳͣһᣬװ˺ܶණӣ˵Զһǿʱܡ
¾ɻǿʱܣ
ϵͳ˵ǵġͨʱûйԣֻãǿʱܾһԣԶĿֱ˺
¾ɫһ±÷ǳѿǿʱôãǰΪʲôң
ϵͳ¾ǿʱʮ𲽣٣ֲ޷һչ涨ṩ˵
¾ɫѿˣ˼ǣôһܣһֻжʮȣܶһЩܣ
ϵͳб¾ݿ¾һϸȥֶһûһʣʵ΢ǧ֡
ؿڴߣ¾ЩͲһ㡣
ϵͳ˵ʵҲû취
¾ʣʲô취
ϵͳһܾ֡£һЩرĶδ˷ҩĿʯʵǰϵͳһƷܵܵȡջİٷ֮ʮ֣ƽʱƼԲַʽһ
ͼذϵͳ¶Ŀ
ʲôܣ
¾ݻȻϵͳ壬ĥһᣬǸð취
Ҽǵϻһϵͳܣʱܣʾüֵһǧ֣ܻնһɻ֣ǾһͷùҶһһʵǿʱˡϵͳҶһְɣ˷ֽشߴ˵
ϵͳȴһ
¾ϻиϵͳܣΪʲôûѵе¼ˣ
ʶܣϵͳ˲䱩ŭ

98 98

ϵͳǰûΣ, Ҳβ, һξʧ뵽дˡ֯١
ΪһְռĹ, ϵͳĽṹܴȫԷűഢԴġ١ӵ, ʲôᶪռ˵βΪɣ˭ڼ½ͷµв, ´һϢҲиˣ
ϵͳǳŭҲǳѿ
¾, Ǹ²Ķ
֪Ͱѻֶһ㣬ڿɺãܺ¾ݴЭ, ķΥ棬һ¾ݶ, ͻᱻʶ֡
ϵͳ½ѡ, ɿʼѰѵĽڡ
ƫƫ¾ݲɫ, ϵͳٳûзӦסߴϵͳ, Ҷһһ»֡
ϵͳǲ, Ӳػش𣺡δܲ, ޷ϵͳܡ
¾ݲΪ⣺æٴɡܲ, ϵͳܶһΪ, Ҳϣʧܵİɣʵҷſһ, Ӧÿ
ϵͳЦҪ¾ȫˣôܸſ
¾׿˵ģ϶С
¾ִŵģϵͳͻȻЩڡ
ԭôȽϺÿƣ˭֪¾ݾܴһĵزڹؼʱͷһܶõ˵Ƕˣϸ߼˵ͨĻʵڷ˵Ҫ
ڲˣҲϾ;ܾ¾ݣȸϣʧйһŭǻһ㡣
˵Ѿύȴظ
¾ݵͷš
ϵͳ¾һΣ̲סݲġ
˵ǣͱ⵽ϣ΢һԴͷֹ߰뷨
ͻȻϵңʲôԸϵͳСһ߿ˡ
Էżɽ֮Ѿ仯ǿ촩һݽָҪʱ䣬ոǶ٣磡
˵мֽꡣ
ǰÿκϵͳʱ൱סϵͳǸгǸˣ¶ı֣
ϵͳ𾪼ˣϢһڣܿϱһ飬ڷԼ֮һ¾ͻˡ
˼ǣ⼸뿪磿ɡұλָԹΣĿǰ㣬תͻˣ
ϵͳǲߣȻ̰ȴΪҪĶ
ǰʱԹ󶨵ɼ½ξ׼ʵ޷չΪԱ̫ҲֻǿƵ
Ϊˣϵͳü½Ϊü½ֲȥġ
ϵͳһպͺ¡
ǳʲôıӵȻһλ֣ⲻǺ.˪
ͨѶϵͳĻĬƬ̣Ȼƫͷ߲֪ʲôһᣬ۵˺ܳһʱͳһ¶ϵͳ´ָ
Ҳرηǰһˣ򲻹ˡ
ϵͳæ̡
λûлش𣬿ڷһת˵˸ѣ֪𣿡
ϵͳæ˵֪磬һ֮ӡ
˵˵ؽã֮ٺʲˣиһոΣԲ̫ߣֻҪϣ𣿡
ϵͳҲͦ˵ܺãͶָкޣ
˹Цܺúܺã㲻һһʱܣҿȸϣͷո겹ҾС
ϵͳϸϸλļƻþƽȽͨѶǿָ
תͷ͸ı̬ȣԵʮӵ¾˵ܲش𸴣ΪǵʧΣգӦչ涨屶ֻϵͳܡȷֻϵͳ𣿡
¾۾ˢˣش󺰣ȷ
ϵͳڻաϡѵˣա
¾æϵͳ򿪻ְ棬λĻϣ춼ղ
ֿһᣬ̾һжʮȿáϵͳʲôƼʱ𣿡
ϵͳԼӰ¾˼άĴǣԸչһܵϸ塣
еģ뿴

¾ϵͳĹƻ¿ʼһʱܣͬʱ½ϵͳԴ룬ɻ
ԹɫʣڿͲԾ
½ĦŹԱԵ΢΢۾룬е졣
ʣʶˣ
½Ĳɵػش𣺡ǰɡ
΢ҲôԾûļ½ϸϸ۲½ı顣
½£Ҳû̫ע磬ַһʵò׼еϤǲǴ
翴½üۣ˵ȻѾõؼһʱᣬϢټҲü
½Ƴһۣ¶ЦģûϵٿһϢ
Ȱ䣬½Ȱûǿ
ۼ½ϣ½ܷɷɣɴ˸뿪ȥ׼
½׼촩֣Ծظ˽˿ռ䣬ĵúܣһǣδػζһ²뿪
Ӱȫʧסı鷿½ַһִ룬ȫϴðϵ˿촩ȨߵλϺꡣ

ڼ½ǰϵﶼʦλ쵼һյͨѶһӦͷ
ֲҵ＾½ֻöԼ½Цϣ½Ҫ̫
½סһ̬ȣ֪˻ΪҶ಻
λϺ˵е£Ǿԭ˾ˣ˭㲻أ
ϾĵԭҲ޷⣬˵ʲôʲô
Ҳ鷳ġ½úǿۣϴȥǿϣǲǺ죿
£ϸ˿Сһԥ˵о豸˾ֱʣȷЩƼȽϷƵ豸췽ʽҲͬ
½ףƲĲ࣬Ҿ췽ʽ۵һЩû㹻֤ݣҲȷ²⣬豸˾ӦεɣǸһ¡
λϺûκԥӦ
ﶼ²ⱻ֤ʵǾ˵ϵͳĵʹںͿ촩ĳЩѲ˸ϵ⣬ǾԲڵ
촩ֵʹάƽȷչӴпͻɸʶǣߡ
һ촩ĳΪһ֮˽Ť緢չ̵ˣûмʱǾ͵ͬ´󰸣Ʊؾϲļߣ㶼䲻˺á
Ϻ˼½飬лʵࡣ
½ڰ֣ҲҪЩеûġҪǸмңһʱ֪ͨҡ
¹ܶԷǿ촩ֵļԱǸ߲ȻҶ֣Ǿͱرȥ
½һ˶۸۸С

ϺǶµӳ̶ȣ½Ҫ˼ͻнʱ˲١
ڱһ¥ϴϣŲԼݾӵߣյſڣͿţ϶͸Ƶ⡣
ǳζ
һ˲ʶʲôſڶ˶٣ƿţͿ
֪ʲôʱ˳һˮɫ۲ϡ
˸ֱգǳǳƣڴ󳨣¶Ưšһ֧գһִĳϣЦż½̬ŨŨĹϣӹŴ߳Ĺӡ
Լ½˽⣬һô򵥡
ĿɨһȦ½߶ѩסɡ̬欵βϣ˴ǡ
λʣĶأ

99 99

ҹԴ, Ƚ, Ż, һҡҷ
µ⻻˸ƣִӱ󹴳һż½ͷ, ˳س弾½ҡҡѩ׵Ķ䡣
ëޡڷγɫԱȵİ׶, һ¾˼½Ŀ⡣
ܺ½, ֻ֪ǲȵģ
ͷĶ䣬ע⵽, ᣬƯĴβ, ͳԸеЦӺ·𿴲ָ, ż½񾭡
һ£ɲ, 弾½, , ôܶԡ
½ۣЦЦ磺ϴҴˡ
üŶ
½䣬ߵ, ̧ס, һûһߣָмõĺë
Ȼȵ, һ
½ɨ, ڻƵĹ, ſٱ׸ֳޣͷִż֮صֽԣ֮ǰÿһģͬ
½ʵ˵ϴҴˣҲݺèֻк㣬ݻĺèֹͷԣʵίˡ
۾գӦίֻҪϲʲôίģ
˵ţβ쵽ֱߣһһڵ½ŵֻ͡
վŶۣϢһᡣ
½䣬תֱסβͣ£ë޵ĴС
½˫ִӱסˣܵ½£鲻Խ̾
ҪϲҲԡ
䣿½Ƴ˴ǺЦһۣû⻢֮ʷκ
½޶ԣɴͷͷϵĶڼ½ձ߲˲䣬ü½۸ë޵Ļᣬ׼غס½Ĵһǵġǡ
½Ǹ󷽵ˣſ롣
ҡҷĵƹãһ󣬾Ʋ̫㣬Լֱӽ½ת˸棬ղŵǡ
½㲻ţſβְͣסʵţȺͼǵ㲻ˬܺõرƽˡ
֪ͻȻڵԼͻȻŸҲϣԼܿһ㣬˵Σʵʶᣬνľ
һѣ½ôܲ⣿
ѹֿ촩ôָݺ̸Ǹö

ͷĲ촩Ϻٶȵϵͳ飬ǣֱָ豸˾˾ְ˵š
Ϊ⡣豸˾ֱʣǲܲۼһ˵
½˸Ƿŵ¡
쵼ίΡµ豸˾ԱԺ˿
Ȼͷ쵼ˣ豸˾ɾˣ˾Ǻŷģʵڲλպյ½ʾ˵
½˵Ĵӣ˵ʲôѵΪִ˾ûɣ
豸˾ԱãȻضһۣӣ˵
½Цһ
λ쵼μˣϽ˽ͣǾ︺ලִ˾Ҫ˾ȻҪƽִ˾ǷϵͳĿռԸǷϵͳľ飬ռֻһСΪã֪ݵȥˡ룬ʲôҪ
˾ĸ߲㣬ǼڵĴӪִ˾
ӪԼĺϷȡȡÿ춼겹λҪռһ˵豸˾Աı飬һʹ˸ɫ
һ˽ӻ˵˾иʶĶͷĲҲȱ̶ܹȳһֲһ߹ָߣͬҪռ
Ψִ˾˶٣˲ı飬֪Ѿˣִ˾ְǼලԼ촩ԱЭָУߡԤԱְȨ˾ڳԱȡͨǵнɵģʽ
ǵнھߵһ˾쵼ߣִ˾ԱҲԶһԱ󡣡
ΪҪǿֵֹĳЩΥΪˡ
Ϻ˵͵͵ڴǷļ½װ豸˾ԱʾиûǿƷˡ
һ亹۹۱ǱǹģֻԼʲôû
λ쵼Ҳ̫ɤӣµ˵ž﷨ƣѾܾûгΥΪִ˾ԱѾܾûˡӶϽִ˾ĳԱġ
ԲΪ˱ӻ¶ƽִ˾
豸˾Աԥʣִ˾棬ô飿
λ쵼Ȼǲͷ֪£׼ھڽģִ˾סܿ˭
½ƳһۣվһϱǲԾϱҾͰǱһ
ͬʱ¶־ֵı飬ϺӶңĬĬóͨѶӪ
½ס
ģôûйҲпͣͷΪôôϾִ˾ġ
λ쵼һȻ˲ɲ١
Ǻڵ½Сģתͷʹø壬ͷ㱨ȥˡ

˺ͼ½ˣû뵽ܶԼôݣֱϼ̡
λָ£ϵͳ¾ݶһһ൱ʱܣΪܹޣݿĳֻֻҪõúã㹻κһɨƽһƬ
¾ݲǺܵԭãʣôǺĳЩҩһͷζע⣿ǣĳЩԷ֮һͬࣿ
ϵͳȻ¾ݼʽͷţںŪ䣬¾ݷµʣһƬǶܹƺפӪ𣿡
ϵͳش˵פӪࡣֱӽܸפӪأŤתŸ߼ٶĿ
¾˼άһŽʶʣΪʲô
ϵͳʱ򵹺ģƺפηսȡߣзҪҩʹӣŸ߲ҲȷΪ֤ݱֱռĿע
¾Ժ˵ѵ֤ݣ
ϵͳлȫһܣ޷֤ݡ
¾ݻȻӦô죿
ϵͳѭѭգƺθ߷ڣѡʵʱ䣬ܴƺλãƺפսοΣʱΪοƣԴ˻ռĿĿĺøС
¾ֲˣפҽӪ󲿷˳ҲǣȥƲǶһ٣
ϵͳȻ˵ͨˣǺҽӪȻ㹻ˣо綾ֲһˡ
¾ɫ䣺ýⶾҩˣҾʹü½ҶоĶ
ϵͳ˵Ҫԡо䷽ʾΪȰղ˴˾׵ĴȣܸռĿĿºӡѵ㲻ŤתԼĿе󣿲ռ񣿡
¾һҭ˺þջǴӦϵͳҪ
ϵͳ⼫ˣѯ¾ݣѡ𣿡
¾˸쳣ŤȻľ綾СǿΣҼǵõ޾Ǽ׼ѡģСΣϲȺס򸽽εǺõòС
ϵͳ⣺˵úеǷȷܰȺϣ
¾˵ǡ
ϵͳڰ󶨡󶨳ɹǷǰƺ
¾ݹЦ񣺡Ȼȥھȥ

100 100

ǲһϮ, ƺİϸˡ
¾ϵͳİϢ뿪ҽԺ, ַ˺ܴŻû, һЦ鲻Ť
ǲǵϮȺ˻гӣ治һ󡣡˵
ϵͳֻû޵Ļ͵͵ָأٶȷ
, ݷ, ƺΪġܿɸǵķΧڣο͡Ѳ߾ȹ, 㹻ӡֵ޴ﵽֻϣפӪر߳פӦǷڴ˴ʹüܣ
¾Ʋ죺ֻ͹ˣͲǺС, ǣôˣ
ϵͳ޿Էھ綾, ȻСжȴǳ׶ͺʹͻסǶûڻʱҵʵļ屣Լƺֵθ߷ڣפ뾡޼޴ÿ;, ͱСͻ׽зָΧ¡
˵, ¾һ, ȥ, ֻһС֣Ⱦϼ
ãǹƺĺʱǶСվһʯͷϣкСŮ۵ģƺˮһɫľӳȤ¾ݵʱʹࡣ
һСͻ׵ʣƺжǣƶСͻף
ϵͳش𣺡ƺ಻ܴﵽϰܸЧΪʮƽǧףһǧٶƽסбƺƽǧ׷Χפ󲿷ɨ޵ıڴˣԼΪʮ򡣡
¾ţļٵģ
ҲûޣʮפԸޣƽʮ˲Ʒһֻ̫˰ɣ
ϵͳش𣺡ƺΪǣƽʱֻͨޣפ࣬ɢפһʮפ㡣ƺΪפӪнפΪʮ豸ͻΪСͻײʮһ飬ָΧ±ޡ
ָȻҪɢеÿͺ;
ϵͳ˵ܵռƣɢÿ͵ľֻΪ֤ȫҪһж⻹ɳҽƱڱӵַ̫޿֣ܵԤʮʮֺ
ϵͳ˵¾ݶݡ
ȺЦ˵нʲôȼľ٣ôܺķѱһȺҪңɴͷӰ졣
Դ֮䣬ȫû
ϵͳһ㲻Ϊɶͼʣ֮ޣҪܶһ֡ÿٻɷһǷһ
¾ңǶ£ɭ䣺Ҽǵһʣһ֣һִչİ٣ӵʮ򡣡
ϵͳذ̾һԸԳȡ¾ݴ󲿷ˣڵر˵һϣǷʹüܣ
¾ǶС£ȫǵģһһ١ҧгݵ˵ǣھã

ƺɫȻ
СڴʯգкŮѴʯͷ£̧ͷ죬Ƶ˵˵𣿿ӣҪꡣ
ŮҲ̧ͷ˿Ϊǲá̫̫ҶɹĵľɫѾˣǾںҲͦá
кŮ죬ʱɰˣڣǽɫûÿŮˡ岻ãûǲҪ꣬þɫҲˣͰѷϰɡ㳤ôÿʲôѿģ
ŮѾͲָ췢ˣһЦ״Ӧ
кͳһɫĴ·ŮϣϵÿӺ͵˸㣬Ůʺã׸T̨
һӴ߹⻰ŤͷһۣŮˮͰס¶һŰı顣
е¶ɢֻңô㡣
к̲סЦҪͷ٩·˴˵仰̧ۼȴ͵һ
͵עռƮһƬơָָǸȾϼֲ֪ı
ʲôʲô
Χʶ̧ͷͿһƬ֪ʲôƺ˶գޱȣ·ƺ֮ʲôǵĶ
۾⣬ȻǶӣסһУ棡ǰ棡
ʮֳȻ֣ȴȫ
ǳûβ͵󣬱ѵ͸ͷƽ۾һԳɫĴǣŲȴĿǵطʱֱ˿žëȻ
ѿΣڵľ綾ηǵҪɡ
߿ļһźţ˶̲סϸȥգȿ޵ģһ
ƺΧټһƬؼžӴô󲿷˶ŵԴ£֮˻عܲסؿ޳һܰܡ
οǴе񾭣ǱһȾƺȥ
ɫҪ±ڵó飬ȺĿ޺Уÿ־ƺӡ
Ƽúܶ˾ٲά裬ǶСекŮѣǱΧƵöᣬм֮£˾ȥ
Ů£ۿΧ˷ӵܣˢõ
һѲ·˴磬ŭ𣺡ûˤ𣿣
ղŻܺƵĴ类Ƶһ񾭲
ŮûȥԼѣһݺһŮ࣬漴Χ˵ļкͿ޺УŮıؼܡ
Ů۵ƺһѹ˲ԼѾˣ˵ϣסͷظ˲ȵ
ܿ죬к˵øˣŮѵֱҲΪײۡ
Ůһ룬סޡ
ĿУһ׷ƺ棬ˮһ㣬Ⱥ
˻ͷһĻʱŵûɢԼûʶʱѾ޽ȥ
Ⱥңܶ˾ǶС£һͱסȥ·鼱֮¸ɴϸߴ˸ٵĵطܡ
кȵ̫࣬ˣܿ³һѪȴµŮѡ
Ů޵˺ѷΣźǾȾ
¾վƺϸߵһͤǶСµĲ״¶Цݡ
ޱ߱紵ҵķŵſ˫ۣӽ̾һ˵ÿ

ЩһǴʵıݣԲԣ
ϵͳûиľ
ܣ½ˣ
¾룬½ͽҷɻ׵׳٣ɫһף˲װƣȾͤȥ
ˣҲѾˡ
󱬿˺ѵļ죬ʲôȻ֨֨ʹధУͤɽֹʯѽ׹£̶̼ҵ¾ݱס
ʶ˵ڵأ˫ֻסԴݵʹеֱһƬʪ
գ۾¾ݲɿ֣ǰһֻīѪҺɢŴ̱ǵζ·ĳֿܡ
Ťͷ¾ݾͼ
ղվͤɣɽͺһ顣
ƺ֮ϣܼĵطȴʲôһǴмɨһƬյǡý޸
Щޡ
¾ľվߵɽһȻǱһܱϵСͷɽϣѾޱ˽
ôյö𣿡¾˵
ҲʲôһϤġӱҿ㵹Ƚϲˡ
¾һת䱸ͼһˬļ½ͤĲк
Էƺľֺη壬¶΢Ц˵ǣʮӣе棬

101 101

¾ݴһƬհס
ڼ½ƽ͵Ŀ˫, ͨһڵأϥײʯ, ۵ٲܿŤһš
½ͫɫǳ, ͬССľ, ܴпԼǱ, ƽʱ, ܲԼ, ˲Щˡ
ηط, ¾ſڵɪɪ
½ӯһزлҶߵ¾ǰЦԴϣ, ر塣
ʱ֪ˣ¾ݣҹĿ࿴
, һ˼ڶбԼϵͳһһΣΪԼ׬ˡ
ִֶ, ıϵͳѡеУҲټˡ
¾ݸ֨ԺлֹػطŸղſ龰, ĶǼ½ҲһܷĿ־塣
ϵͳϵͳ㲻˵ܹǣפ𣿣Ϊʲôˣ
¾ڴ, ˼ϵͳð
ϵͳû, װ
¾ݽ˰, ӽǣϵͳ, ˵
½Ц¾ݵ°ͣǿ̧ͷúˣ⣬Ǹϵͳҿ
¾ݴ˴½˫ֹۣסһҲҪˡ
½ô£ΪʲôԼ
Ǹǹ⻷ߵΪʲô֪ϵͳĴڣ
ѵΪѾλΪѡ֮ˣ
Ϊʲô
½¾ݵȻΪһֳԽ
¾ݺϵͳĶҼŭʶʶſһôҲͷе۶ѡ
¾ࡣ
½ȻΪϵͳ㣬֮ӵģֻѻҲţǴáҾ֪̾𣬵ϵоϻûѵͣ
¾ãȻһᣬ׼½˼Լƭˣ̲סﷴ
ʲôѵͣһֱѵǸĴ
񣿡½˵Ҳ㵽׶ʲô񣬵ҲҡзҩϼֻԼȡǰ̣ϵͳʲôôô켼ܡѵǴƼңҲҪиǰ;ˣֲ֡
¾ݱ½ĿǴ̼òᣬѿڶлɿã
½ŶһҪǿɹ͸ƴƼһԼܺƷ¾ݣǴҩɾȣҲӦú㽲Щ
¾￩һ¡
½Ӧɿ°ͣץ콫ൽɽߣ㵸һϥ䣬泯ƺ
ϥһܴ¾۵ֱ쮣½ͷǿƺ
ôһǸϵͳҰŤߣոһɣǻ⡣ȻˣǾͺúÿ᲻ᱻǰڲ
¾û½ĻĿֻСͻ׽޷ָΧʮֻһû뿪ƺ棬ͱСͻ׵ںɲ
ҫ۵Ĺâ˸ںϣƺѾûƽʱƬˮȴһʵصӳо
ѹѹҷɵģҡҷĹͻأĻ⡭ʹ¾ݵ۾ߣƺǸʲôӡ
ֻڻܼĺޱĲҽСɽԶһľϲ޶Ե̬𽥱ǰֻþ
񿴵ںĻ֮Уиڻָʿָս˵޹ڡ
¾ʣϽˣ
½̫Ѩĵ˵ȻˡϽûս򡣡
ʱ½ͨϵͳһԴ׷ٵϵͳľٶһ¾ʶԡ
ϵͳ¾ݼûֻҪֻޣƺǾͱʮפ̶ȱ֤οͺ;İȫ
¾һУʮֻнӪбҲԷأȻѾפԮԮϵҲҪʱ䡣Ϊˣʿһһȫ֧ԮΪףƺΧֵޡ
ֻݼٵǣҲʻŻ׸ϵƺˡ
ϾݡθУ϶ӲΪ֤ȫȻָӣֻΪ޴ͨһ
ȻҲΪ½鷳
½ĿںɨһȦָӳɹȻʱ
ؼʱ򣬻ɿ
¾ȴ벻ͨЩƤһôָӣǾ߲岻ǻûΪʲôһ㶼̰ˣˣ
ָж˾û˲֪
綼ˣϵͳƶļƻЧ
ܵģ
ʧˣǷ˶ʮֺʧˣ
ټϵͳɵ˺¾ʶһ̣Գ׻ҡ
Ѿ֪Լĵʲôֻ֪ԼʧˣԴǱļ両֣˱ٷ
½ɿ֣ؿûٴ
¾֮ǰںļϵˡ
Էְ棬ȱ꣬ͻصԼĳޣ¾ݺϵͳһ
Ϊ˱⣬½ʶΧѹһϵͳ
ΣոнŨϵͳƺǲ½ͼڲװ¾Ժдһ¾ݺɽԼӴݣ˾׼ܡ
½ۼֿס¾죬Ѹȥֹϵͳܵľٶȴﲻԡ
ʱ¾ݵͷһĻھˣ˲ϳǣĻϲû𣬾ͱſڻäѾ͵͵״ǳķѡ
ŵûɢסһļС
ǡǣޣް㿴һۣ
µ¾ʲô˲ϣֻǣ£ƴͼɽˡ
һǰδеô󣬼½һģϵͳķһ˲
̶һյ
ƺۼĻ׸Ȼޱȡ
ԭĴӴܵͻأصתǰֺ󡢷ܲĻףһ֮ھͽȫǣЭ˿˼϶
½֪쳣ס壬̧ȥͼһ棬һ¾ˡ
Υ͸ˡ
ϵͳĿĸҰŤߣɱֱ֮ո
ƽʱϵͳǷΪǱռȻǲֱ˺ģĿոһ뿪磬ҪǱȻҲͲҪز˺
ΪߴԪϵͳĶ֣ϵͳΨһҪͶԸģǼ½
Ϊˣϵͳ˿һ桪
֢ûȬһ綾޼ͻᱻշ֢״ʮһĿƼˮƽҩƣ㼾½ֻشΥ촩ֹҲܾȻ硣
Υ촩ֹᱻ촩ֵٻأĳͷ
Ȼ½ҲΪһ֣ͲΣա
ͬģΥΪ½һᱻٻز
ϵͳ̫½Ŀǰ״֪磬Ҳ֪Ҫӿ촩ݣԴ˱ڶԸ֮ѡ
ǵ˽⣬½̫ãʶ˼ǱȻġ
ֻҪ磬ϵͳոֱܻ׵ģ
½һѽ¾ڵϣɭ䣬塣
ãǺõúܡҵԼƲİɣǾ͸¶ģ
ûǣϵͳû³ݡ
ϵͳû½ʣƽطʣô׼ѡ񣿡

102 102

ϵͳôƽ, Ϊ෴ǳϧ, 硣
̬ȣյƼ½, ȻΪĳ顣
, ½ǿ촩ֵĽָ, 磬½Ѿǧ
ϵͳڸռǧȷ⡣
ָȽ⣬Ҫͻܷػ۷, һҪ꣬Ҫʮꡣࡢħ, ʱҪɰǧ꣬˼½ǳֲ
ƫƫָǸǰĹ, Ҫܺܶණ, ռ½Ĺôܵѹһ˿ġ
ָͨٵʱͻѡݣûѡݵģҪôڸõбƷ裬Ҫô͸һΪߡ
½ԳΪûִ, ҲǴٵݵͷȽ˽˶֪, ѾΪһִҹô, ɱһЩ, ԼҲоˣŻ˼ᶨҪݡ
һʶһˣѾٵԸѵǸҪ
˿ңݵĻɲࡣ
Ȼ½˺⣬ҲѡΥ򱣻Υĺ½벻
ܵġ
½ǿ촩ֵԱˣܲ׿촩ֹϷ
Υ촩ֹᱻٻأĳͷд磬ɲ嵥
ͬһʶڲͬʱпύģ
رܵӰ졢ħ磬һһȲ嵥𲽣һҪꡣ
չ涨촩֡´ﴦִ˾Ҫʱ仹Ǽ򵥵
ȼ½ռռ˵ѾԼǿ㹻Ϊߵĵز
ʱ½ʲôµģ
½ҲԾܲܳͷҪı磬ǾΥȣִ˾Ҳִ˾͸ҷһ״浽ͷļܾȥ
ҪǼ½¶Ǿ͸ˣǲǵͬѳ촩֣
ǰԾ̬ô˭֪ǲǵзԵף
ϴﶼԣάͳĿ촩֣ƻռķǷ֯ϵͳԴֶܾ֯ԷǷ֯һͽҲӲ½ɵзԵףӴ˾ҪӦֵܾ㣬Ļоǣ
û˼½в촩ֻмﵽִ˾ͷϣ
ǰ£ϵͳǼλִ˾Աļ½ѡ͸¶һݼ롣
½Ǹˡ
ƴŲ֪ڶõĳͷȥһֻʶһʵ㣬ʱϢˡ
ϵͳʱ;üλ˵úеټ¾ϣ½Ҫ˱Ͳ׶֡һϾոͻݣʱ½ˡ
˭ü½綯̫޵
Ǽλ˵㼾½һʱͣȵˣôһʱȫҸˡ
֤Ƹִͬ˾ͷֱƸǷ֯Ƕûʧ
ܼ½ôѡԻ͵϶һЩ۵㣬ˣ˵½ôֹ½ѹͷ
ĻǼλƼ½ԭҲϵͳֱ漾½ԭ

ϵͳԼˣ൱֤ʵ˼½Ҫļ²⡣
½ͷתܿЩ˵ƣЦ
ͦãѾܾûмôεˡ䣬ԶЩ궯Ѿƽѹھƽ´ô꣬ǶҲе㱾¡
ϵͳ½еΣգȴΪ⣬ü½еŪ顣
ɨһƺϵʮʱ紦ΣһòĿٴѯʡ
ָľأ
䵭ݣϵͳ¶Ĳ½ѡԼܽܵ
α½ŴѾܹ˼½ıںòлü½Ҳһ·ʲôоôܷŹû᣿
½þ۹һϵͳҵû뵽һڻҲô˵ǾԼ̫ô㱳ûи߹㣬жϲǨŭȲ˵ڲںһߵıƾҵߴһϵͳ𣿡
ɲǻѻ
ϵͳΪ˾ոߣڼ½˵ʲôѡֻҪһյϵͳ˰ٴΡ
촩ֵڹҲϵͳ֪̫ˣ׼¸Լйŭ˳ڡ
һƬء
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½ûעڻŵϵͳϣ۾ѾʼģϸϵͳһȫĴ
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½򴽱߻ȵѪ²ӿһɤСҹ١
ȻֱͦӴȥǸʵŵˡȻѾҵļԼãҾͲʳԡ
˴½ȻͬΣյǣͷϸ˿޻ûȥһеָһץƿռ䣬Ǵӻﳶ˳
ڼʻ׾˵ǣ
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Բ𣬶Բûǣ
ʹùķɽ½ѾȫǰһУ˳ֱж֮ǰ⻰Цһ
˵ԲĿɲҡ
ãؿ½۾ɸɻ
½ղŵĻʲô⡪
δ˵꣬һ룬½۾
˫۾ͫİǰɫ͸ȫȻͬ·ȼ޾ŭʱܷپһвƽ
ﲻԣҪѯʣ½ͻȻϣȭݺ
ҵĽʹǲҽһȲסڵء
籩ʹֻ̾ػԴܡ
Уһ˫İ۾
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103 103

ϵͳܴ, ƺϵļܷɿʧȥЧá
ҲԴܻ׵ɨͺƺɢ, ᱼӡ
, Χ׸ӵġ
δȬ, ʻҲԼĻף顢ʵ, ʹΧ, ɷɿΪԼߣ̶̼ھͺɱϰֻޡټ߻ʮ⻤ճԣǰ̣Ҳܹ϶ʮӵСʱʱ䡣
޺˿׷϶ɲǣף̬˳ġΧĸı䡣
ĸı, ǵ
Ϸ²⡣
ƺ̫ͻȻҲӴ, ⻹һδֵһֱǻ, ƺפӪӦԵ൱ѡ
߻һеͲٿôޣȫֱӶݾӵıϾݾӵıûĻ, ʩԵֵʮֻޣҪΪɱ, Щ԰ڱ, ûҪػ¡
ڷʲô, ߽һն
˿׵ٶȼ죬֮£룬˼·ͱѵϡ
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īɫѪҺŽ޲ҽֻ촦
µµͷ­Ū˻׼ʻգ鴤Ҳס˱˿ķ϶סҪ׵޵ȥ·
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սкϽ𵶣ΪһӲҪȻûӦһȦǳǳڼʻ𣬽ͼԽ޽ʳ촷ۣӲסѾޡ
ûüɿܵظоԣʯһڼ½Ĳ²⸡С
ֻĬ˰룬ȥӴƬ⡣
ȻⲢû˺ϻ˷Χһͽװڣз˶һһ
Σսȴһ㶼˲
Щδ⡢ܹԶɱ޵ֱʹ˵лҫ۹λʵһޣ
ѵұ˵ľ
Ǿſϵ˺ʾǼ½
½粻ǣ֪½˿ƺ԰ƾ棬˸ôһξ룬½ܼʱעȸֵǡ
ǸұĶģǵԶʹþ᲻ұɸ
һ½ԼİΣΪȡ
Ÿӵ飬΢ʩչռ䣬̾Ͳݻ׷𷴻
ͬʱϵͳ٣תӡ
ʷһӣĻɱһѪ·ϵߣͲòתͷһ׷
еż½ȶͽսԼһ¼оָޣһ߾½ڵķƶ
һ㡢ٿһЩɾһǣҶǵˡ

ûϵͳַ˺ݣƺפ޵ٶһ¾Ϳࡣ
½վڼɽߴһСᣬͷ
Ŵӵһ½ɵı飬ǵ΢ӿ
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û׳ԷͻȻŤͷһЦɫ˫΢΢ΣոӭȻû׳Ǿӳʱˡ
ȷʵ֮ǰλָļ½ǼߣǱǰͿ촩ȵˡ
˵м˭ʣλպյǰ
ͬεģҲλǰ
ǣǰҲô̯ӣơãǰĶûʲô⣬ȻǺ¾Ϊףǧ˰ٴζġ
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ǣ㳤òõͦΪǸʲôģǱȱֽǮҲֻԼգ˭ߴᣬ˼Ϲ񤱡ǣ
Ҫʦ̵Ҳкˣ
ǱֻܱͷҪһЦ½ĺöˣ˶оˣһƼ½˵ôô
ʲôˣ˵ĸǻƵġ
ߺǵһЦøˣȻΪأøлǸʱ˻˵ĶܺúûšȰұȱȣֲġ
ǣ
ľȻְ˼ȭü½ﻰ
һŸ߽ܲȱôã÷ͷ𣿡
ǣ㡢
ЦҿҪӲãȱۡôûɣ
˵
ҲʶԼղǻʵû˵ļ½Ĳԣǳԡ
һһѽӵߵ¾˦£ָͷԻ¾˵ԶǼˣͨҲֵһõ㡣תָǣ㲱ϳôҲͱǿһ㣬ΪʧܵĵͣⱲӻҲǹɹˡ
ǰѾľˣƳ¾ܵģ໹ǲһ¡
ͷԼԲǰˡôңҶϡҲдĴң𡪡
俴ǣʱ㻹Ը⻤Ҳеˡܿϧ㻹һϹôҪҪߵˣⳡ˭ɵģ
ͫһͺ𣺡ⲻܣ
Цûʲôǲܵġתͷ¾ݣͷ۵ǰɣ˵ʵͻʹŲţ
¾۵û⻰٣ֻһļʹࡣ
۾ʲô˲ϣƤһͿʼֵʼĩ
ʶ˷û˵ϵͳֻ֣Ĺ档
俴𾪵καף˸Ƿ
н˸ϵɽʱ¾ݽԼУн߼λٷӦ죬˸ͷóԿʼ¼
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˶Ӱ룬۾ڸＷһ仰
ҵļ½أҵıȥˣ

ļ½ʱվڿ촩ִһִ˾ķ˦û졣
ͦ͵İҿ°ִͣ˾˾
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104 104

ִ˾˾½䵭һ
źۼһС, ʶα½ᵽ޻֮ľ־ļһ󣬺ܿɾϲ
Ҽ½ߣʵԼĿġ
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ִ˾˾Ŭã˵Լ, Ӳ˼лľֻʣ¸ˡ
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ְܾһ, ˵ֱ꣬ӱʾǵڸ
ǰ׷ŲӳȥˣӸаСʱܵ
ܾͷǷִ֯˾˾Ҳû룬ȷ˼ߵʱ䣬;̼һ¼½Աڼ½ع촩ֵĵһʱ䣬ͽ͵ǰ
ҲãҲգֻҪü½֡رǵżߵ涯֡½ܲܳͷܲˣʱҪü½Ǿͺˡ
˵˳˾ǼֻϺһѵ
ЩŲȴҪ̫ΣյĹִ˾Ϳ˳ˡ
ڼ½ִ˾˾Ҳǹ½ľ棬Ϊһʧͼ½ǸϵͳͨѶ󣬾ϵͳЩֽš
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תܶͷʵȴֻǶ̶̼顣
ִ˾˾Цݼǰһò롣
½ǲִ˾Ĳأִ֪˾ʲô©ǣտƾģǣʵǷǳѰ졣˵ʲô֤ݣУóҿ˾ЩẢӲô£ᣬҲôôǡ
⻰˵߰㣬ͲΪʼ½ŭ½
Լ½Ը񣬸ձϵͳһΣôҵ£˵Խû߼Խķˣ㲻þҪ
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Ŀõ黹м
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ִ˾˾˸Ц½
½Ҳȷʵǰ㲻ͷüͷĿϲͣǻ
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쵼ǿûޡһھвҪ֣ǰڱ
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ִ˾˾Ļʿģ΢΢һЦ̬Ƶᣬ簨ѩ֮ۼİ׺ף˵ĻȴȫǸζ
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⻰˵ģ½ھһ״˼ܸԡ
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ִ˾˾޵˾˾һۣλ˵ѽⲻ֣ϾС½Ǿֳõˣʵǿ֮ǰֳ˵ˣֻС½촩ֵݼ٣żϰࡣ
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˭ǳ⣿
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λߴԼұȡ¾Ȼ촩ִ˾ôʡ
ǰ˼Ӵġ˿־ȻȻɢִ˾ٳԱвѣ˾˾Ҳס
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½Ƥժǰϵͳݸǡ
ȷʵ֤ݣǷϵͳĴϢӦ⵽˴۸ģʹûӦܻԭǰ
ףʦùϵͳһʩչȥˡ
ִ˾˾𾪼ˣµĳԱҲĴš
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½һۣΪһȺ˼
ִ˾ȫԱ
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½Ŷغۣ㣬Ҳˡ
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ִ˾ȫԱ
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ʦʣҪʲô⳥
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105 105

½һֱԼǸǳԭˡ
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һ룬Ľ쳹촩֣һ亮էԣź¡һ죬ִָ˾֮Ϊƽء
ʯѣ𣬶ͷִ˾Աһ
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ÿˣ˻ߵش𣺡֣ͬ½㲻Υ涨ѳ
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Ͼִ˾ԱĶ֣翹ֻԼ³ңʵȺ䣬̬Ⱥûȡ̡
½һɨȥž֪ڴʲôˣסֻȣ׼ڶԷǰֱӴһ١
ִļȴס
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У½ѾңϷԱ
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봽ҵǰֻҪΥԭ򣬾ֻбһ
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ʿģļߴӴ߳弾½˵ͷѶͱ֤ͽǣ⳥̸
½һǽ壬װûرԼҳĴӣ˾˾Թ񣬺͵ʿң˸ɳ¡
ԷҲģֱӵݸ½ϣָ߼ĸߣǼֹܾʼߣ⳥涨ͱ⳥ſ⣬ϼߡ
½ɨ⳥ûʲô⣬͵ͷϡ
ʮӺЦˣֻǸݵָȷҪƸֹܾʣһݼ߲ʤεְλɡ
ʿҲЦˣʵѾԶԶʵı׼

106 106

ʰͻȻеһļ¡
ͷ, ŷڽűߵļþ, 粻׵ĺ̶
ɨǼ䶫, Ĭƿ, ڸ̾Լǰǻ档
վһߣչŹ, ֱҪ
Ͻָӣƺҵ˵ദģʽͱ쳣֣ʼղϽżӴɿƿĿ, رһܡĿǰսеģ
ȫ̸, ֪ԼϽûжԼ˵һػ˱Ҳû飬ʵ벻ͨԼϽΪʲôͼս
ѵΪŹ, е㲻Ͻӣ
ϸ룬úô־ǸϹĵλϽȫҪ
Ŀתؾݾӱ, λδŵӡ
нп಻
ڵĴĲá
ǸѪ, ΪԼ, ֪ĸҸ, ȫ޹Ҳǣ˽ȥص׶ǺȻҪ顣ƫƫǰѺһˣĿǰսⲻˣѣʱʱҪָ
ѵ̫ıӦ
ǰƳʹͷװԼڡ
ټ״ȷԼĲ룬磬ֹüͷšһ
罫ƷʰãϸϷվ˵߰ɣ׶ǡ
ûӦߺȻڣ㲻ˣ
ûп׶ǵȲһ
룬˵ûʲô𣬲Ϊ㲻Źס
ͻȻЦ£ӵ᣺ص׶ǲܴǡҪΪһȫĻŹκһˡ
ǳƽ˵Цм͸¶ŨŨѪ缴λߣɱ
֮⣬Ŀ¶̾
ǰҵˣҵˣֹ֮
ҪΪ˽дϴҲȫءǿ촩ڹ粻˵ǰ
ίȰ˵ǶԣԼֱȽϺá
綯һ٣̧ۿߣӿź˵Ĳ
Ȼ֪ȥˡ˵
ûзϣȴҲûгϡ
촩ֵĹ涨ʶ޷˵ݣոջصʱȴ޷вһ
Ѿˡ
֪ıƽƽͱʲôá
ּ½ǰȡһֱ⣬ɱǰˣԿܻܲԼұͷܿ죬ǵĲ״¾ݵʱĶԷоֹ֮İʾʶ˺ͼ½й
Ȼ֪ʲôԭ˺ܶ޷֮ڿڣ˵жڱͼ½йϵ
˲
粻֪ƲжΪ棬ʶ½Ժܵɸƺǣίз°æȴûзֶ㼾½ĺۼΨһǰϡ
޷ʧȥ½Ľ֡
뵽Σ֮л׸һƬ⣬Լ
ûȫ
⡣
Σա
½ͲΪ˾ʧ
ŪԼ䱦İǰδ֪֮ء
Ĵ
ʱͲֹһԼΪʲôûǰʶΣգΪʲôûбԼıΪʲô޴˸׵·
ӦһʼΪԼұһ㹻ȫĻ
˺½˻ﶼ
¾ݸǸ߻¼˸⺦˼½˶
Ϊˣ綯˴ϴͷһ仰ͷ
ûʲôȼ½ҪЩܹҪļ½Ǳʲô㡣
ұҲܺá
ֻҪټұʲôá
Խӱãͣףл
ЦҡҡͷӦõġ
ٺ֪˵˵ʲôۼһӣԼϽһĪӣ̲סͶȥ۵
ڽ䣬ԼĴڸС
Ƴû׶ˣ㣿
æվ־š
ջ񣬴ȥ
Ŀϴ˸תǣ¶һЦݣһ
ɿĽŲѹ˵Ͻص׶Ǻҵ֪ģǰѡ
仰΢˲䶨ԭأȻŤͷߡ
ɫ糣ԽԽ֤ʵĲ²⡣
£ǵ⣺ȻǰѣȻԡ
òصлͷˮУһǽ׶ǡ

磬˷׶ǺҶҽʩͨѶһҲûӣֻ¹شΪϵ飬סı
Ҷѹ˵ϴӦţתͷͶԺѰ˵ҿ½ǾӢ۾׼ˡ
ͬصͷӦǡ½ʵȸȫ⡣
Ҷ
ǣ˵˭Ӣۣ˭˾ܱܲôôϽӢ۾ȽϿѧɣ
ֵؿҶѵ½Ƚ½Ըǵʱ򡣡
˸ϡƽӶĶҶ죬ƿԡ
ǺлУȷʵ½Ӣ۾ȽϿѧ
ľϽ
棡ֵֹܾģҪ˵ﲻԾ˵
Ҷĥĥȥ²ܾţɴֻҪпоһ½硣

Ҷֱü߾̾
һưǺڵأĿתڲ̨ߵ磬п˵ǡ˵۹Ǻãе˶гɫ֮
һ±ºͣȻ۹һ򲻴Ҳڱ󡣡
߿Ŵӵָһȭ򵹣۹ôã϶ᱻĶɱΡһֱĺãҲԷϵ̯ӣ澳еһѡ
ֱ統ʱϵͳӰ쵽˼άҶ鷳еʩ𩡣
Լ壬ºͣǣƣΪ˿ǡ
ıĹ屦
ſڵװǣѵô˷ܺá
˵öԣ˵Ըѡվڱ˵Ϊ롣̫ˣʹðҺ
紽ȣһͿҵıҲı
ͬصͷﲹһ䣬ǰֻıҲıҪǰҵҵôСϮɹػ۷壿
ǰ̫ˣŻᱻ촩ȺҪĶơ
̫ױơֽ˸ܽᣬһźѸġ
粻֪촩ֵǼ½ƾˣҲǰ飬ͷͬ
ǵģұ̫ãˡҲԼŻơ
˵ΪʲôҪģôôӴԺһúñ
üûнӻȴҲǰ
Ѿٱִ˾ΥҪ˶ãܾ־ͻǰžˡ
ʱص촩֣Ҳ԰ǰִ˾ָ

½Ƹͬ⳥ЭǩԼ֣ʿһʽݵĺԼ˵ļύ˾ٱݼַܾ棬Լع֮ǰϡ׼ȥ𣿡
½ĿͶִ˾˾ڵλãζЦ
Ȼ

107 107

ԵĲ˵, ½Ϊ֤İΣ, ԸںõĿѾ˵飬Ƹͬ⳥ͬǩ, ֤ʵĿء
Ƿ⳥ͬ, ҪݿΪ촩ֺõĺô
λ߲Ϥ½, Դ˶, ǿ촩Щ˽⼾½ˣһ۾Ҫѿˡ
½ĿˡǸʲôˣ
ġĺóԾ, ½һλŶǣƶµĴУȻҲӵ̸
ϾȻȷʵ˳Ծ, Ѱ˼, ҲǼ£˰˵, ½һðɣ
ֻҪ, ½Ͳ⶯֣֣촩־ͲñȲǨ
˵֮, ˾˾Ѿɷִ˾칫¥, ۵һ¡
½ʱˬˣɲ֮, ؽҪĻǾǮ
һ뵽ؽļ۸˾˾;ԼಡҪˡ
˵½ҪݼˣǼֱ̫ˡ
, Ͻأ½ѵǸ鲻ʱĹ˭, Ņ̀, ޲ɨӦ
ǸϽذɣȥ֮촩Ͳˣ

˾˾ڵͱ£½̤ܿ˻ع·
Ӱʧڴ˾˾˿ûüңͼâһһ½糤а˷Ƶ˳ڴ
˾˾һ˲ҭ˰ɤСС
۾ɫͫĪӿðܾ𣿡
˾˾£ش˵ûߡôʲô𣿡
䴽ЦЦûлش
Ӵ߳촩ִȥˡ
˾˾æȥ׷Ͻͼ߽棺ִ˾ָʹϵͳƻҵԭ磬˷ı䣬ѵܺߣȻܺߣѵûȨֻعȡϢ
߶˵ȻСǰһܾϣҪԭִ˾ԱвϣȡϢҲԲǰʹõķʽ
˾˾ǰһڣҲ˵ߣ𣡴νɲҪٲˣִ˾Ѿٵˣ滹Ҫؽɣ
ŶһȻ˵ʲôҪؽЩҪߣСܱȴ鷽䲻ִ˾ˡĿͶЩɪִ˾˾¶ϧİɣǸзִˣȥͼž۵ġ
ڱֻеҳ˲䱻ҳȡ
˾˾
ֱϲžļ߹Ц㲻ʱգɾͲǰ١ǰղʰǵģҲ㡣ȥɣԩԩг𱨳𡣡
ɨ۾ϼ񷺺Ĵ̣Цҡ
ߵлӹִ˾ڳԱ
ǰôõˣܱô󶯸ɸ꣬ɼִ˾Ⱥ¶治ǶֲҽޣȻˣΪʲôǼ٣
˵˴۽ʹ󳹴أ
뵽Цž˾

Ǻ貣ҹĻ½۾¶̨Ϸƻıϼ
½Ŀֻ԰һУʱȷԼλá
üļ߾Ȼһص׶ˣѵûзֱͼߣ
͵һ½תȥ磬һ̧ۣȴ࿿¶̨ڣ߲֪á
½ĽŲһ¶ס
翿ԭûжƹбϷк£һȦůƣҲ׳ںڰ֮У޷ʵ顣
½һ΢ԤУ缸룬ڿڽ֡
վֱ壺ˣ
ʻᣬǿԶйʱƽʺ򣬴ŨŨ˼̻ͳƽҸ
½δй飬ɱ˱ۣش𣺡ˡ
һ̣ʶ粻ûзֱͼߣǷͬŻὫߴرܵĵطȺĻع顣
½̾˿ûʾʱ䣬ֻ˵õˡ
Цˣǵ˺ܾáûϵϾҪˣȶöá
½ͻԴŪ£
ǳĳϷ
ףնгɣɲǾˣ˵ţҲ֪ĸҾȡһԺͷϣΪֻˡ
ŶԭǺıϷ
½Ź֣ĿһͦľװɨһȦе㷢Ʈ
⴩ǡƷͦʱֵĹ
ǫ˵ʱӦġ
½
аɣǸҪˣ˵ʱǾ͵ʱɡ
˸Ķ
⶯ǳζһҵԱ
ϤΪü½ɿ첻٣һ߸пһߺЦȥƹⷶΧʱϷ֮ûܳڣͱɢ
ڰڲ飬Ҳڲҵ
ƹףЩڲĸΡ
½ԭء
𾪵˫ۣ˫ڵ۾һӳССӰӣֺƽʱͬ˿ᣬŸŨҵĶ
Ҳǰδеء½չʾĿ
½ȻڵʱȹѵʱģһʱȻ˵
ǰһѩ׵Ĵβͻϼ½֫˫½գ˫ֱֱ½һ˫ͫ
̾һҺȻЩĽ۹ˡβͣڱסµͬʱβȦסµ
½лعЦԷǣҲʲô
ͷڼ½ձ߲˲䣺һҺǲһŪ㣬ԺŪ㡣
½˼ЦŨ
ϲϽġ
һ֮ǰǴԼѾٷֿ
˵̫ˡҪھȷߡ
½Ŷһ粱ôȷϣñȷϣ
ʣԣ
½ҲûСǳˣҲûʲô
һЦʧ˴֮С
ƹ谵԰һƬףһк֮ǰûͬ½
ȷʵˡ

һ峿𴲣ļ׼ȥѵԼϽȴû뵽ڱпǵӰ
𾪼ˣô
ҲЩ𾪣ãҲ֪ô⡣
ǰЩϰߣʱӦѵǰѵһ𴲣ҲϰԵѵߣûͱԱ֪첻Ҫȥ
Դˣʮɻ󣺡Ϊʲô
Աòػش𣺡Ҳֻ֪ϽķԸ㴫Ͻѡ
ǸɰͰŶһ΢һᣬΪ֪ܸʲôֲ뿪òڿš
ٴǰһ
ýΪĴǣϽ𣿡
ǻش𣺡֪絽һûס
ٵͷϽûǲҪƲҲûǾ˵ϽͼѾͺˣ
̫ˣȻһҸţ
ٿǵͰ࣬ȴĪ˸¡
٣Ƭ̣׻Сѯʣҡʣ
ǣ㵹Ǹ֡
ͳ¥ϴǺ仰ҭɤʶ̧ͷͿ¥£ָ˹ڣ볨ĳ£һӡ֡
죬ȴ
Ÿ޶ãһ¥վһڣߵɳ¡
¾ݣ

108 108

ֻԥһ, ҧ˵ͷ, һ档
罻ȣ̬ѵôЩֻǼһ棿
ǿ϶ػشֻǼһ档
Ļɣȷʵֻټ¾һ, û˼, ҲΪ¾顣
¾нǰ, н¼ӰϽزź󣬴ҴҸ鱨Ÿ˾ʹ¾ݡ
һοһܣһ¾ݵϢûУʵ
Ҳֻǵѡ
, ¾ޣƺǾͲѣ޹οͺ;Ͳʧ, פҲ
¾ҪҪ, ҪΡ
¾͸óеӦĺµĴӦˡ, ¾ݷµĴ, ҲӦˡ
ףзִ硣
ϹϹΪ˴ĵߴδ
¾ݾȫûⶫˡ
ΪʵȨϽܶǲ֪Ķ, ܡ
¾ֳĶ̫, 鱨Ѻ, Ϳʼ߼ѶʱϵͳѾγ, ҲûжΪάֱѶԱܿͷ˷񲣬˼ά쵽ʶ鱨ԱǶĵز
ƾɹ飬ûķˡ
Ǿ¾ݶָʹҳϵ˷ָ˸ΪܵΣȴ¾ķˣɵѾ˺ܶꡣ
鱨ŵ˷˼
޲ʱ˲֯оͻȻ
ҩ
½˵Եҩҵ󲿷˶עĶһҩר룬յϢҩʦҵԱ˸߲ȣһ¾Ϳʼעδеļҩ
رǱ½о飬ȫԱȡҩһϸо˸ס
ǽ֮һԭҩԭò󣬷ҩھ޴ȱݣٲֵҲܹŹ֡бģ۶ͻ΢Ĺٵȫݽһ𣬾һλܴڡʵ֤
˰ǰҩҵĴ󶯵ҩʦ˾޴Ӱ죬ɴ˴ĸıÿһҩʦ
õϣһ¾ͽǳ߷飬˲Բûľ飬һŵòУֳ⣬Ͻȫϴ͵鱨š
ܵҩʦǵӰ죬鱨Աϸ˽󣬼ּڱ¾ݾǷļ
ɷ˸ȽĿƼ鱨Ÿ˼λѾ˾ĻĶѶԱɽ¾ݵĺѶ
⼸λʵǼ򵥽ɫѶȨƽ󣬼ּľ٣Ҳ޷ٻȡκϢ
û֪⼸λʲô¾ֻʧ˶̶̼죬ٳǾ΢һЩܽĶ˸ɾ
⼸λĽ£ලվڹǰѹ¼Ϊϸϡоչͼҩȫݣ׼ߣ¾ݺ¼һϾ·ͥ
ƺǲ̫죬˵ѷɵƲãطĸ
ܿƵƮ羱Ǹӡϣ鸴ӵ˼㣬ȫ޷Ǳص˵ͷܿǰ棬ǸӡԺл֮ȥЩѾߣȴûֱ˵
紽һͷ£赭д˵鱨ûȥЭ飬֪ȷʵʲôִ֪Ҫȥ¾ݣȥ̸ɱ⡣
Ƶ˵֪һ롭һ档ҲΪʦֻһ棬˽ᡣ
Խ䵭ʵ⡣
ȷʵ飬ϧϹһֺƴϡãȻ䵽ز
̧ͷһȿ޻ѿЦҪʼգ븸װҡ
粻ͷǸӣָɳ֣˵㣬ԣҪ㹻ĴۡҿԸһĻᣬӴԺͲҵӡ
仰˵ӵݻȡ¾һĻᡣ
ɫһ䣬г𾪡
Ϊû뵽׳֮
ӣζż̳˵λã⼸£ųԱĹˡ
һʱЩ޷ܡ
ɳһᣬ𽥻ʵǲܽܡȴΪӣǲѶΪ֮֮١
أпڼ徣Ҫһ֧ܿŵļ̳ˣ̫СĺȻͲˡ֣ȻѪԵϵЩԶһֱţΪ˾Լ츳ӸۺϿǣʵѡ
ڼ½оܹ֢ҩȬδӵк£ƱرüΡ
ʹʹ䵽ʱٽͷöӦżһʼͱֳ֡
һ㣬Ǿ;Ҳ¶ˡ
Ͼôŵļ̳ˣͻȻȫлǲõġ
ݲУͱ˳ɡ
롣翴۹նϵʱ䣬վϸǺãҴ𰸡
һΣףѾ
ְָ֣ˣûʱ˵ٸҴ𰸡
һûӦְ֣˭
粻ķӦ¥ȥ̤¥ݣ֪ʲôͻȻͣ½Ųֽ⿪˳ͷſӣ΢죬żʰϡ
ƤһıӰʧڶ¥¥ݿڣһʱʮϢ
½˰
ԸȥǰѺʲôڿһСϲıȥѵ

½ۣ
ֻʣһˣλãֱһƬӦǺˡ
½۵
űƿһ죬߽ԣдЦлл佱
½˸һֳֻͷڴϴۣԷںͲϿ¶ӡЦһ
һ𴲣Ϊ˳Ÿҫ
ߵߣ̽̽½ͷЦŨϾǲһˣȽϺá
½˸Ƿû𻰡
ȴˣҲֲ
½һ٣ЦЦ磺ҿҲʲôҲ·Լʲôû
϶˵˵Ȼǿ϶ҵı֣Ǿǿ϶ҵ츳ģ츳ôãƽ˷ѣһȡý⡣
½
΢ġġһѾԤС
罫ִӼ½ͷ£ڼ½࣬
˵ŵʱҪȫͬѧԱòԣ̾ͻᰤѵֻǸͷο֣ʱΪҲ̫ѵ𣿡
½
аɣԤӦ飬ʱضҵ½ɫеû˵ˡ
翴½Į鷴ˣھͲ𣿹Ȼĺദ̾˿֪͸ܲü̬һ㣿
½һۣѡ񲻺ͽദ
ΪѣôУһûмʻ֤֪ϲʲô㿴ҿ𣿡
½ԡ
̾˿Ȼֺá
½Į˵죬Ƕҵֺˡ
Ȼ״ԭϲֺƣû⣬ҿԡ
ض֣һ°Ѽ½ҭסˡ
½ĿһۣĬĬջĿ⣬û˵ܾĻ
ᣬ˵ұʵҲͦڴġ
½ƽز⣺ˣҪʱ仹磬ҵȻȥʵһˡ

109 9109

½ȷʵ, ֲֻ緹ǰʵҡ
Ҷһ, ͸˵ӭȥ, ʩһһش, ȷûҲûﲻ, ˿
ʩ˵Ҿ˵ʦ£Ҫ롣
ҶץץףеգǸʱĸоܲԡ½Ȼû, ϽתĻϽĻҲͦ΢İ, ͡Ī½ͻȻ˽ʵĸо
½ԣؿҶ
ҶΪ½ھĪ, εƲߣʩεҡҡͷôܣʦֲʧ, ǰ˼롣
½ü, ûнӻȴҶ񱶸졣
ļȷʵ˽ʵ, Ҳ˽ҶˣŲԸҶֱûг
û߱ˣ»ˮ©¶ҶɵĿܣųһвѡ, ƲܵǸ۾ʵ
Ҷֱȷʵ˵ȷ
½, չȻ֮, Ҳǲ⡣
ҶϵͳӰ˼ά˲¾ݶʹüʱϵͳʵ͵͵ֽšϵͳǿܵѹȣܳһʱ򸺵ǳء˻Ϊѹ˴ԣҲһЩ츳Զܺãǿѹͻҽޣ·չ
Ҷ
رϵͳϵѹᣬۻʱḶ́ڲŻ
½´Ҷۣ⻹ľɵɵ
ҶͻƳ̶ȣ̼ʱ⡣
½ö⡣
ҶֻûëëģСʣ½磬ҡﲻ𣿡
½𴽽ǣûʲôԣֻû뵽۾ͦġǰʱȷʵЩҪ죬Ͻϵǡ˵ڷͻȻһת֮ǰΪʱ׼Լֶоĺڿҵ͹ˡ
Ҷͷһֵؿ½
Ȼһ½˵ȻǲչֲʵǶԲ㡣Ŷоʣ˼ݣӦʤΣͽˡ͡
Ҷ
ǣ͵һ½磬ΪʲôҪһѹ
ѵ½绹Ĵ
Ҷ߲ѣ˵Բ½磬Ҳûʵ
ʩ𩣺
ŭ˵˵Ļԣ㡣
½ЦζҶļ򣺡ûϵֻ֪ǵҡѵãһҪסȡһ֤Լ
ҶҲ֤Լֻһû̫๤㡣
˿½ʵڲҿڣֻܷʾ
½ݾܾˣ㻹ӵʱҪϽ롣
ҶɥŶ
ͷ˸ı䣬Ҳʲôҩʦˣֻеġͨҽҽͺܺá
û£æǻз¸µ
¸˺ʵֶҪץֶҪӲĹĹѾСˡ
һ̣Ҷǰδеظм½ѷˡ
ȻûʲôǲܸıġǰǴ½ĴץԱΪ˫޳½뷨
ץץ
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ϵͳӳ֣׫Զ̶ߣ½ñǰ̵ʱģ飬һһ½дء
һԼŻģ飬обǰҪ˿ļ򶼲ʵķԾ
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ڷµ֪УûбĴ߸
ĴлдںĴеҪݣ֪еĶһ޶δ޹κһлƣֻǸоҲûйΪԺ󶼲С
죬ΪԼˡ
½ĺȫ֪
½˵
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Щԥ̫ϸո˵ǻԼ
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̫ܳˣ̫ˣ

1100 110

쳣Այ뿪, ǸӣҶܵһ˿ů
ʵ嵥Ŀ, Ĭһ㶼ʹ, նˣЦ˰
ǳںҶ꣬ǳڶԼ½ܾܾҶڰľľ£ҶԳԤƵٶȳɹ˶оȫ̸ϸ, ܿʵԼš
½Դʮ, ʩæύר룬Լ׫дģתͷͿʼ΢ҩ
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統ȻͬѡڱﲼһСʵң÷㼾½
˽ҩоСԴԹͦ, ϾСڵɾΪڹ½, 󲿷˶ľʹʧҵ
רҶηӦ, Ҷβÿɷ
ҩСɢ, ҺʦҲȥʵҺܺ, ʵҲٲʦԼһоңúʵĳԱĮ˵Ͻ磬пֱӽҩС͸ʦ
һϽΪء뵱Ͻûѡָֻоҩʱǿɲ̻̲յģߵĿɲϽĲ飬оҩܲʷ
ˣΪʲôҪʵУ
½䴽Цû¶ȣҩС鹤ĻԻҲ¹ֻ˵е⡣
Ҷεͷֺͼ½˼ҩС״ЩʣܴΪʲôЭ΢ҩ
úȻȵܵˮƽЩ½ǰõܵܣ΢ҩרŵæﲻ⡣
ѵܵʲôǼ飿
½ɣûֻڲʺæµ
Ҷһã
½ûжֻͣ˵Ҷξ֪ˡ
ҶδӦһѹɻ󣬼½¼ݡ΢ҩ

˼죬ҩרоϴ룬ȡר棬Աȹȥϡ½ܽĺͻҩϸݣռ˽ЩƾߵݽзоܿͻԽչ
ʱҶͻȻоܵԼԼ˵ΣոУϸҶһҲûʲôͬԻ
ҶԹؿ۸磺ٶۣͷ˺𣿡
ҶΣ
һ۵ܵܣû˵ʲôתѯҶʲô
Ҷ˵֪ҪҶһȥ½æҶû취ֻܴ˭֪һСʵңץż½ؿŸҶε״
Ҷ𾪣ʲô
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Ҷһۣһоͻָԭ·ĳֻһΡ
Լ̫۵µĻþǸ̫ʵòɣҶһ졣Ҷ˯ź󣬲ַͬ顣
ΰ¼˵ʱĳҶƵŵֱ
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ܿ죬Ƿֹǹٷһ¾ˡ
Ұѱ淭ȥ˺ö飬ǲҿĶС˵ӰӾֵľԺҲӵ𣿡
ʵû̫ܵ𣬵֮Ƿײģҹоķ԰ɣǸʲô˵еС¾ݺ˶ǼҹҩʦģĺüŶ
ôǰСѹ¼˵Ƿһֲ߻ģǹȻܲǶҹҩô꣡
ѹ¼ûж۰ɣǰҹѾ˾ģҪϱ٣ҲѾ˾ĽˣҺúްôſᣬҲҪ
ǰͷһ֪ûϸϡоҩͻҩԾһλǰ𣿡
ԣҸով˵ˣڵҩˮƽҲٽҩоˡ
Ĳ֪ðɣоҩļĿƻ򼲲ٽǶЧֻЧ⾪˰ˡ˵ģôҪ¾Ⱥҩзˣ
Լʲôܿ飿
浹ǰдúòãϹ𣿡
棬¼ĺü¾ݲ޽ƺǵ̫ˣ˱õϳͣ
ԣӦϾ·ͥ

111 111

˵, 뵽ԼܱƳټ˺üľʹǷŭ
һһ¾ݺ¼ңЭ֮, Ȼ¾Щԭ˴롣֪߼״, ̲ס𽥽¾ݵΪ
¾Ƿ˸ɣѧʱоҩûһģļҩдʹĸãз嶾ҩҲᵼʹ
ҩиҲ˰ɣҪ֪ҩĸ, ȴΪ뾡취, һ㶼ĸоֲܿоЩҩûб⣬ж˻ܵ˺
Ҽǵ嶾ҩѾٴ׶Σܺ߳ɰǧ
ԣ־Ը߻ܵ˺׶Ժ˺ƣ󲿷Ѿ
ףôһ˵һ¡Ҽимҩʦ, ʦϼһλã˵, ʦԺλҽ˵, ʦ˶ܺð, Ҫ, ж˾ʹ
ҽλѾΪЭ֤߼ҩʦתиҽҩʦ
ҽӡǿġ
ȻеʦҲǴС¾ݵͬѧ˵˽ﻹûб֮ҫ¼ǳҩʦ壬棬Ҿü˾ˣȽϣǲǵ𣿡
˸ûǡʲôзҩƺǣȫں˵ôܺͼΪΪ񡢼˵ҩʦᲢۣ֣ҶأȾĴС
˵öԣͼһἰ
ǣȻͦģֻжʮɣǾĬǴˣǰôҩʦںεأ
ûȽϼ͵¸صĴʦǣ˵ֻҿ㲻Ǵǻ
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ΪʲôһӣҲûܹΪļûйδòǵĿغϲҲҪǣǣҺ㡣
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뷨С
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￴룬ЦһЦгŭ
㶣ʶסˣҪ͡
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½ĿǱӰԶȥŪһϵĿҩƿЦһ
ϵͳǵӰҲɢȥڿʼڴˣ֪Խϰ¹Ͼ·ͥĻ棬᲻иӾʣ

112
ǰһٺʹ, ʶԼָжá
Ķ֣֮һȳһյػԼסҴڱﰭۡ
ǳڶ¾ݵĲֻͬбͷ, һʱ, ͼȼ¾һ档һʼſп޵̬, ڱм½Ĵ࣬ԽԽᷳ, Ϊ˱ĳ֣Ӧ¾ݼ档
Ȼŵһ²ŷӦ
֪ʲô飬һǿ˳ǡ
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۾ؽҸ, ϵΪֹ
ֳĬƬ̣ͷǣ֪ˡ
, 仰ֻ˵ġĴڸ̫ߣѾԸʹϵûȫ, ҲѾ⹫ӡ
ϵ˴ɵĹʶռż̳˵λûúôνһһ죬ˣΪ̬ľ
λġǿȷʵǰʮġ
ƾǰ, һϵ׽, е֡
䵽زҲһá߳ʱͷһֻۣʣȻͿɬ
Լѡ·ĺֻԼܡ
ܻͷΪѾû˻ͷɺʸҲûͷķʽ䡣
ǰ·ѾһУҲͬİ·ҪŹȥĴȥ
ֲµĴʵжΪĴܵ˺ˡ
֮ǰһһҪ顣Ǵ۾˵ʱ˽ᡣ

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113
¾, ˾ͷˡ
ĴԱͱϵͳ˹֮νѶѴﵽǱٽ㣬лϣֲ졣
ΪƾǶĸ, һ뷽跨ȥ
װɵȥ, ȵ˶Ϊȫ, յȴǾ꣬Ϊһ˷Ϣ
ΪʲôΪʲô¾ݲ, ؿ޺ţȴûһԸ𰸡
ܽϣ֮ǿҵĳʹһƬ磬ʣΪǵǸ֮ѡ
ʱҪԸһ, кĿܡȻ̫࣬ѾûѣΨһԸҲʧ, ֱ뿪׶ǣ鱨ŵֲ֪⣬赹ֻȥҽһ, ֪δûٹܡ
ĻϢߣ¾֪޾ҲһҸ
ķˣ鱨żλ³ɽǰҲϷŹֽϾ·ͥ, ҪԼ̡
ҪףµԶԶֹѹ鱨ŵǰһѪ, һҩʦҩӰ˺ԶԶи࣬յ޹;Эйǵ˺ƽգ޿⡣
ûз裬޳һĿȥķˣǾͱѪծ񡣡
⼸λǰǰĶǼᶨΪֻ˵ѪƽϢŭͳޡ
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¼ǰ;޸ϵ¼λҳֻӣоȴһֱӷڹѺĵط¼ûĹǣڵȴоִеǻ̻̲ʱ¾ݷӣĵ׾Ľ
˺ð˾Ͳ˲пʵ
¼˻¾Ϊ¾ݺãȻ¾лӱʵأ
Ǩ깤ǰ߾֮ǰǵδܵźȥ̽¼ˣǾȻ뷨ҲǷǳ𾪡
ΪѾ˵Ϲļޣû뵽ǱһǨ壬ܹĽǾȻôߵڰףǷҪôҲԣϾ¾ȷʵţʱֱӴ̾ˣԼ尾Ǳ΢ôһ㡣
¼䳰ȷһܵ췭ظǸŭԡ
Ǩ൱Щڲֿһڽ䷢¾ݣ뿪
ʵûжϲ¾ݣΪֵϲ¾ݣŶ¾ݲͬ¾Ϊġ¾ֵܵģ¾ѾǺõģͬ¾ݸܡ
Ǩۺŵһ̣ͻȻϤ
ǨЦ𣿡
һ٣ѭȥֻ˺ܾõ¾Ȼ˿Լĳޡ
Ǩ˳ǣǰȻأֵΪô£ҿûǹĺáȻˣˣЦǲ𣿡
˴ûʲôԭ򣬸ֵܰæǿһá
Ϊڱп֣ܺԼ֪һˣᱻָժ
񵱳½岻ȥҽԺ飬Ҳһ߸ϵ̬ȹΪѼ½
¾ѵûʣЦˣ׼ȥͳ˵ҵĻ
ǨȵؿۣȻػش𣺡ôܣ˵ĲǣҵֵܲǾͻǵǰжô᣿ˣ䱻סֻ㻹ڲϱԹ
¾ǸǣǱԹǳ̬
һֱΪ¾װ裬ֻҪǨ˵ǾͻΪ¾ΪӱܷƲһֱװɵ
һ᳣ܻ¾ݣʱˣβľȻģ
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ȥֻҪÿ֣ôǻأ
ûʲôԼֵøҪˣ˵𣿡Ǩ߳ţͷҲص˵ǣѾûϵˡ
¾վڽ䣬ŷǰϡ
Ǩһ仰вͣص֮һ˿ҲĴ̼ɢȥ
쳹¾һͷײںϽƳɵϣһҰ˻Ľ
¼˱ͻȻŵĴҴڣȴһ㶼ܲϢ
ֱԼײͷѪǵǿдߣȻûֹͣëȻļС
廹ţľѾɢˡ

Ǩһ̽ɵЧ̫ˣ뿪Ѻ¼˵ĵطΪɵĽѾ͵ظ߲㰸ͷ
翴ݼӼļΪŹ֡
Ǩصõ벻ҾϿۡǵһˣǸǻԤϡ
½б鷿һϣƣԷһ͡
ûعΪװɵûСֻ˼άģʽ˲ͬԭߺвһ
翴̬еļ½һһ̣ô˵
½۾żμǨĳ棺˵ÿ仰滰֪еĶԴҲ˽̵ҪֻۣеĶԴ볣˲ͬ
ǨԼ飬ΪǣֵܣͲǴ
ɫ΢ǡġ
½壬һָҩߴҩһؽ˵ģеǸĲһҪȥǾͺˡ
ݵЦЦҩתƻ⣬ҩٴˣ׼Ҷһڣ
½ҩ˻ȥô˵츳ǲϸģҲ㣬ٴ黹ʩ֣֡
֮⣺ǿҩٴ뽻ǿأķɳ
⻰ζ½һۣЦЦ˵СӲҪС𣿡
ƽʣҲǣ
½ЦԷǣУǡǸ飬øҩٴ쿪ʼˣҽʵס
۾գգԼ˯Ҫšûֻһ
½˵Բ˯
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˵˶٣ڼ½ϣ˵ȶȡ
½̾ΪֹǸʩҪ֡
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Ϊ㲻ϸ˵ҾͲ֪㻻طʲô
ϴϴӣʵоҪԴ½俴
ĬƬ̣ͻȻ˵칫ǰ칫Դ
Խ࣬Խ̼بŲ
½ϴϴɾЩȾҵʵҡ
᣺ϢҲͱǲͬķ񡣡
½һᣬһġ̽ķ뼼ܣϸ룬׻ûоܾ
:)ܿҪٴ飬ܳʱ޷棬ǰһҲǲġ
绹֪ԼҪؿշ½Ӧͬһǰʵҡ
лҪ˵
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114
ڼ½ʵҴ, ᵽ˽µص
׼ٽµصʱȴͻȻ½֪Ҫʱֿһʱ䡣
Ȼ񣺡Ҫٴ飿
½Ȼ˵ҲûãȻҪơ
粻ǺԸôֿͼ˵ԵơҶͷ¶Э¼, ҩ΢Լ, ʲôط𲻴󡣡
½ڵػصȻʲôط𲻴, Բٴ飬Ǹܰ־Ըߵģ, ֻʱֿһʱ䣬ȫ档
޷ı伾½ľҲûù
½ǿעʾԼ＾½Ʒ
½ŨŨԹ̲סЦ, ָĦ£ˣʵȫûиı⡣
粻ɻԼ, Ĭضż½һ󣬼ԼұȫΪֻ㬵ط
½ӣϣƽʱ뷨ܴһ㡣
˵Ѿǳˡ
˵˼뵱ȻԲࡣ
½ǵЦһ, 㲻ǳˡ컹Ǹء
磺
ԼұԼǰΪĻԹô죿ȻʵʵǸԭˡ
ܶطʡԼһѳŵü½̬͡״Ҳ¼½飬Ϊ½ʰƷǰָصٴ顣
м½ȫ̲, ҩٴٶȶõ֤ټйزŵȫ֧, ʱó˳ɹ
ҶԴʮָжһҩʼˡ
ʩҲܸпҲһĿҩʦˡ
֮ǰһֱ¼Ҵѹ˭뵽н죿
ͬжĽѣЩ˿½ʵǰ;Աȴ㣬Ϊ½ҪʵңΪ˾ΪԪϣ߹ϵߵ
Ҳ֪ʩŲΪ˼䴵Իǰ̣Щ˼䣬תͷһֲ©½㱨
½˵Կǡ
ʩ㹻ӦѾֱʵύܲǰܵ߹ϵģٶе⡣
½ͷ㿴Űͺá
ҶƲƲ죺˭Ǿ߹ϵܽʵҵ
ʩһ٣Ҷе㡣
Ҷ
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ôˣôˣҲʵкܶ๱׵ĺðɣ
ʩˣȷʵйףսʵʱȷʵҲô
˵ΪҶ̫⣬ĳɾ̫ҫۣŻкܶ˾ֻҪ뼾½ʵδһڡ
ʩ룬Ǿί񣺡ڲȽϺ֡
Ҷ
ûͣȫʵҺ½̵ֱ˵˵˾ǼʣҲŲں
ʩŶҾ˵ˡΪʵҵķȽرǲžüܿܲߺţҲһҩʦ츳ֻҪ̤ʵϸɡܹӼ쵼ɡ
Ҷ˵
ʩ𩣺ֱ˵𣿡
Ҷ˵˵뷨ֱ⡣˵УҲˣҪ˵츳áԼҩʦЭ츳ĳɼǣҿϹۣ
ʩȰСҶ츳Ȼܺãֻῴ뿴Ķ
Ҷޱ飺ŶǸҾ͸ҽˡ
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½˵Ĺͺܴ󣬵ҵʦҲæ
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ǳеǿƴʩܴķա½Դζ
ҶͷˮʩȴȻ
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Ἶ½ġҩоɹ˸߲ӡǰǴζ˶ҩ˲Ϊӣټı飬ײǼ½ᾡΪ½鷳
˫ݣá
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Ƕݣ֪ҩзж࣬ϣ½ԼƵô
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½ѿҿ㲻Ǿ࣬Ǿû㿪̵ñȽɣ
˾صͷԲѵ˵࣬ҵȻҲࡣǿ磬ȥʵһ·羰Ҳá
½Ѿʱ·ıϰˣ˿δ䣬Ͷȥһ
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½ͶһȰȡ񣺡˳㻹ʾһȨҪһôǲǣ
Ͽҵػش𣺡ǰôԸ𣿡
½üֻסĲҲаɣ
лҪ˵
ûϹСٿơ
.
ѿˣ˼ҪȤȥ
ұĸֽƬˡbyèɡ
İ
·ÿζһըƣȴδδϡá
һΣǴAͷ¹⣬ȴΪ鱻A
ڶΣǴBδȴΪƻ鱻B˼塣
ΣǴCˣȴΪ氮ع鱻CĨȥڡ
ĴΣǴDѣȴΪD˱ҡ
·η֣ǸֽƬ˵ϷǵùĹNPCѡ
һΣ粹ԸϷĹһSSR鿨ʢտɵйӦоС
·Σѡ۷忨
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·Σգˣ̸ʲôȥҪ˰ȥ
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ĳһ죬·εˣǷֱ˴˵Ĵڣ޳·β֪룬ֻ̹ס
·Σ˵ʵһֽƬ˵Ϸ
ĳˣ㻽ҡ
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115
³̧, ˸߲̬Ⱦ͸ˡ
ȫȫǼֻм½һóġٽ£еӵĸ߲㶼ȥǼ½
һѧߡʦϼ½˼·°ѷֱӽ֮ͨҲδܸϼ½Ľ, ֱӶԼ½, ˴֮任ַȡ棻
½ӵо, ս߲˵վѿص, е뷨ҲҪȵԼǰܾˣ绥ݣ
½ڻоɹҲ൱ˣƾҩ, ֻҪ룬ļһ֧ʵ㹻ġڡ飬δʩɷ, һʼøº͵ֶȥ£
½ǰߣȺҲ׼½İãĳЩԻ·Ƚĸ߲Ͳȡ׵ķɫ
ǰ, ֱϻͣ˽ô˵
ʲôò׼ģΪϽֺܷ˳ϲÿ֡
ҪãҪ˧, Ҫֹ͡ӦϲԵġ
õһ˧类ɸѡ, вŵĵϵԱĳЩļ̳ˣʼƵغڱʵ֮ļ½ż
½ûԣȤۣû죬翪ʼ䱾ȤڵĴˣʶԼ˿ˡ
ȻԷǹģ½ûɵضʵ滮¶ζЦݡ
ҿǾ̫ˣȻйЩеûġ
½΢˸ҩ䷽Чһİ汾ų˵ҪбꡣʾֻǸԱƽбϽҶȫȨֻѹء
û뵽ô֮ǰͰ˵ĳЩһ㱣ڵôض㡣
ǲǽޣһǰǺƤһжûһ߾ȡͶȨһ߷źŽȥٻء
浱ǰ½ָֻƽ
෴ЩΪбͷת򣬻Ҫ취ֲԼ֮ѺۣӹüѼˣƫƫǿջЦ
½Ųμ˸ᣬһήҡϷκһ׽ӣ¶һġֱġĪ˵΢Цݡ
ʲôвǲʱδˡ

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оһõհ汾ĸҩϸϣںϷϹĳ£˲־Ըߡ
Щ־ԸеԿһߣ뼤ֻһߣеԾӶţߣֱ֮ǿ𺳣еײ㣬ݬ룬ԸμоΪ˷ıꣻеǳ׵׵ͨˣΪ־ԸߵԭҲȽϸӡ
ʲô־ԸߣڲĿһʱ򿪷̶ȶõһߡ
ЧõĿԱ˾Ǿ˺һײʿǼľнǿĹԣȻͼ½ûȣҲ㲻ˡ
оһǼһƬȻ
˵ĹÿҪϽּ֧ʦоҩڼӵиҩȨĹ˾ٷ˺¿ǸϽ۸ҩͬʱۼֿܵȥҩҪҩ˾׼ҩܸĹǰգ
ڻҫ۹˹ϵãпʵ֤˼½˼·ĴڣڽЭºܿõϣʼټѧȫо
ʣͬˣ˴гĽҲõһϣֻ˫潻λܻʣµϡ
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ڲҲ˱üȡ
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Ϊ۷׷ף˶ڻԼ
ʱ½ʵҡǿҩϢҵʿ˽ݣｫڵĲ²ʵҲһµĸ.
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һ뵽ȫھֹסǰ衣
ëȻĴȰ̬˺ȣһҪչ˺˵Ĵ󹦳δţƵĿѧҡ
½ϷЩۣסôͷ񣺡
綥ſɰƱ䣬Եø޹ǵ
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嶬ܣӽİ
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ĳǣˣȫڵʱҲҡ
ĳʦˣͶ·ʱҲҡ
֪Ⱥڴʧɫϸһ嶬˶Ӯң
鳰Ц嶬Уǣʦһɺã
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Ԩӽİ
ԨǼʱ׺۹ĿʵۣһΪᣬյϡ
ĪԽʱĵͻȻֵȫһ
Ԩӡģ
˾ʦϸ˵ϸûṦת۾һӷ߱ڶȥ
ÿҶԼ֯ԱɱУͽף
ҩǰΰٲҩǼʿֲޱȵĻ֢ڵжëëꡭ
ȻʵϣСִסԨһơ
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ڼѱС̷ĥǰƼҵĹУԨ䣬Ϊ嶬ȡ
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