صС˵www.27txt.com ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ

н
ߣ



è

ҵʱڴߣŴ
ˣ¥ĪŲźáǰеѩϣƺЩų⣬߿˿ٿˣֻεؽϵ硣
·ֽСЩŲù٣ҪūЩ
ˣЩˣһеĿɳԣ۾һֻǳڱˣãҲ
˵꣬ЩڣȻ̧飬ȰԵģʱٺΪѴӦ
ͳþ£СɣѩƽèһǰҴģƫ˾ףֻˣӦ㡣
ɴ˿ûǹɿ˵İ֮ǰͰͿ飬ԵģƫƫӣӲԼ
Ϊߵһȹ£ȻÿһҪ˼ָơῴèʳ㿴ԼĻ֪ܲ˼¼ﺢӶŵӣĹȰЩɣղɲܶšūĹǸɺã
Ļ˵һǿӦı飬˵ͷǺðɣҾͳһ㡣
ʵͶˣŵʱʵԵģƫƫϲԵĲȫ˳ĩǰȥУֲԼǰǼ̲ˣԳĩеʱĻθڼ԰ԾСƵĳڡ
ĩ˲ڣţ˺ЩģȫϲĿζģտʼ֣СèƵһһСڳԣԵϣﻹ˼ô࣬ûһᣬ̵ıˡ
ǣ飬ûտʼôųˡֻճģѾˣ飬ŶЩˣ
ӦǼ˿ࡣ
ôصΪŻȫԵģ˲ʧ
ӵķԸ˵жʳ嵭ЩźáˣǰԸˣū澸㣬Щһŵġ
ԣϳԵصҲˣƫƫԳĩǸͬһԷ
˶ĩķǰͼ޸
Գĩеӡֻͣǰɵ磬Ȼǰֻ̰ȶЩ¶ֻ;磬ڰϣײĩһ˶򣬰˴һѪ죬˶ˣƫƫΪ
ϵñǸˣɵı磬ƽʱǺֱһˣܴ˶ǿϵɿ޵˶ûóĩͣ֡
˵˵ϰӣڴ֮ǰģϰθޣڽڰ󣬸Ǹ檷ļԼ𺱩Ĺӡ
ĹʷĵĩĶ£ϰķ·һ鶼ҪֵһˣƫʥǸϺ˵ӣóϡ࣬ŵģδϰκεĳͽ䡣
м˶֪ϰǹزס¡ȻȻǳĩ۸λֱı磬ɼЩйسĩеĴԲ٣ӹȻá
ֻ֮Ҳ֪ΪʲôԭɵĸĸԼԸ˳ĩСȽ׮µֻʱ߶ԻµĲͶԳĩеľ£Ҳﺦĩħ
ڵãһе鲻˵ñԳĩгʵ
ؼ벻ͨǣĩвѺɶµԼȴ޸ӦɳΪȱ˾˷£ο˻ǳĩУԼǲˡͳĩе£ôһ£
ҪҪĶʵ̫ˣûһͷ۵ǲûԼˤ䡣
Ȼ׵ɫæǷסҡҡ׹ū澴Ϣȥɡ
ͷҲȥ̫ණˣմ˴֮ñӰԼ˹һţܿ˯ȥ
ĺɫĩа깫ظɳ˯šڴǰĩָ˷¶ͷĳķ˿ϸڻú󣬸ͷϸĳĥһֻèǵزס룬촽΢ţ˵Ŀˡ
ᣬСèڳ˯ţڱǼ⣬˿еóĩеĿʼƽ֮ģ࣬ξ
лҪ˵߹·Ĵ󱦱ǣղػѽ

ըë

Ƶʱ֣ʵ۾ۣŸˣԼʱ˫֣Ϣؿһ
Ϊһ¾Ҳ˳ߵĳĩС
ĩۣŵҲдЩδ˯ѵ֮⣬ˡ
ǰҹʱҲһۣԼߵĳĩУʱܾɲᣬֱӾԺӵˣȻҲ˾ţܹܽЩ
ֻܽܲ³ĩˣһۼĳĩУ뵽ԼȻ޸ôħŵᵽܲס
ԽԽίĩеЩϡϡϡҲôȥ
ֽϵ鸧ȥĩʵΪҪޣﲻ
ȴǲ
³ĩ֪ˣΪԼĩв֪Ĺ۸ʮֵĲãֻûȻз¡Ҳգշ͵ʶˡ
뵽⣬ĩлȻǰʱֵʢģһɴȹСۣ裬ƫƫˮУһˮ飬ˮӣһȳΪƵֵĳ
֪żǱĲõİţ޷˵˾УӴ޷԰Ρ
ʧȥмͬصʮ꣬ӲӴʶģζһЩСϰ߲б䣬ȴܺԵĸоȻͬԸóĩк档
ƿᣣĩ˴ģɶڴ䱸ĩֻص˴ߣڴҪЩţ
ùģʱ̫֮ĩؽȻûŵ˼ҡҡͷС˵Ҳ
ĩȻ֪һ˾ͳһ̵ĵ飬֪ҲҲûǿֻ˰͵һ˿ʼ
Ϊŵʱ뿪ҲԼɿĳֱ˽˶˵˷ζš
ԭôɿųĩгķˣʿˮֻ͵Զǿҡ
ηĩиʳҪĩҪʳûǸֻܰԼڱţҲͲˡֻǵйȫڵûаȫС³ĩõһ룬ȻЩʲôƿһǹ۲档
ⲻ֪ЩСĩпʱմͷСèܶΪˣֻܰԼΪȫĽ䣬Ȼ̽ͷʳ۵Ŀһб࿴ĶܱȻֺֻúߣߣС
ʱڳĩУôС֪ôһ滹ãʶһǻ˼ʳ
һĹ򣬱㷢ֳĩʧҰûӦ㷢ѱ˿ĩֹסһ˴Χ
ʱ˫ϥڴϣڳĩλãףһ˫ӵ˫֮С
оЩţæǵͷͷȴĩеƵǶˣ
ҴϸŵСĻصңҲ
𣿡
ûĩ˵仰ʱѾȾ.ɫֻͷ͵ĸͣȻҡҡͷ
ͷ͵ٵҲûãߣèʱСèԼǶС֫ܲģʱڳĩеУҲӲ
ºߺ޵룬֪ĩвǸˣԼȫ¶࣬֫ûû뵽ԼûħƣֻԽԽίԼûǵȴ޹ʶһ٣ʲô
ǼжŮױų󣬴Сô£ָͷû᲻öʱȴĩдңţƲסµ
ĩˬԡط󣬱űСæǰ鿴ȴڿֱ֮ӴСᣬҪؼҡԶʢҹ˵ؾͻȥ
ĩк˰춼ãԼڿͽӵԼıӣµȷһûסļ仹ͣʮ꣬ѹûǻĻڡ
ºˣèβͣСèǳըëˣ׺岻õ֡
лҪ˵𺣬ŮǰԶǸĲ



ôһϣĩһʱʥڿƣɫ֮󣬵ѵôȤһ
˸ô궼ŵǸʤǰˡ
ĩȻܰŻҵͬʥ˵ֻĬʥ˵ĴȤʥ˵ʵҲû˸ȷ겻б䣬⡭뵽ףĩ壬һ֮ɫ
һ˫ĿסʱƣƫƫǿƤ˯¡
ϴʱȻϵİ߲Ϊǰһ˿˫Ŀףȡ˱飬ǰǰ˫ףȻȡҩͿĨڰ߲֮ϡ
һ׶ԼǼҳ㷹飬˶治ɫҩˡøϽؼҲźã⣬۸˵׼Լʧ䣬ҲǱĩдġ
ƣСʵ飬Ҽ޵ʱĪûһͬ
ˣū澱֮һһͬ޵ġ
û뵽ҲԼҴޣ֪ͨޣڹбźĵѾߣΪӾӶ࣬鲢κεӡ˵õѾһõ֣ûȫš
ϴʣأ
ϴʽû˸еĹ£ݡ
Ȼͣ׷ʵˣ
㱻ˣǷʱԼġ
֮׷ʣ㲻֪ˣݺűģΪأʶü֣㱻ᵽѾߣʱűΪһȴѾͬʢġ
ΪλᱻθһֱǸἰĻ⣬ǰڸ̼ѾߵģȻ֪˼ҶЩԸ֪˽¶ȻҲڵȥʵףԴʱ֮²֪顣
ֹԮ޴УתʣҴ㣬ЩڸУ
֮ķԸ޶ǰ
඼ףмǵãȻ꣬Щ˵òŵò仯ܱϵسܹİ١
Щ˴ǳӻŹ£ײǰġһ֪֪׵ӣ
ӼԼԱЩֽŵľִٲΪʲô顣
ǻɣǵûʮһʱ븮ġ븮˽ϴĲ£Ǹ൫ֽıˡ
ط˵Ļū
裬°ɣЩҪ㡣
ɻԣȴ֣㿴Ȼ˫ϥأһ꣬ᣬΪūϴһʱ𣬱ȥƺȾƵģ˿ĪҪūȥū޿û˻·ˡ
⸱Ū޴ʱ˵ҪˡֻŻһͰ󣬻Ųٻ֣̿óʮֵĽţֻҴͷվһ˵
ӻǵ֪˲ʧ£ֻǻԭθҲֻǸϴĴʹˣ޵λɺ֮θһˣ˶ҲһŲ֪ˣһ£ȴΪ⡣
ĸԩ¹Ϊ׵ʢʱ䣬ʧ󲻾÷¡
ūʱҲֻǸԺʹģֻ֪ϴˣһŲ֪һθ¹üѣ˲ˣһǰʢûϴ˱ԩѩԸͷţٺ򸮵Ȣô޵ġ
ŻĻϸ׸ٺԶ޵ʢ򸮣ڼ޵֮˳ĩôĶȴһ
Ѳɸ׵ĸǵ򸮵İԼΪ˱ż޵򸮣ӶԸܳĩôĶ
ԽԽܣȻԼӣǶȻԸⷬĥġ
ԭоԼһƬ򲻹ӲձȤζԡ
ĩ¹ȥ緻緻³ΣСè
˭֪ջط㿴Ȥϣǲˣɳĩв֪ΪΣܾҪ֮ǰΪֵضࡣ                        
лҪ˵ĩУŵɼұУòҵһҡ

Ƕ

ĩлһ
ȴʲôµһ㣬ܾشֱڿſվŵĳĩ֮˫ĺ²ӶƵ¶óĩһʹ
֮˺ܴľһ㣬ƶ˲ĩиǰ֪ж㶾ٴĶҲѻ˰ɡ
ĩбȻһŪõЩԻˣǽĻʵԣ
Ǻɡصߡһ˫ʵ۾ؿųĩУǰ
ĩҲ֪Լʥڼ׾ʲôоǺЩеûĳҲúúôôµˣǰǺ
Կĩ̾˿ָһķһ£֮ģ޶档£ҵĴֻǰǾʩŰŹǡĩеһ
ֻʮļ䣬δμϽηٳӲɹ̣ͨη˲źҲң˸ǲǰ˵ǵ£˽̵ʹлŮԣѹ顣
ǵǳΣĶ׾ɬؿԣ֪ɵغһͨɶԣȴҪĶҩմȾ񫡣Щ֮Ĭе.ɫĽʻǣղá
͸ǽδŵĻǶۣ׻á
ĩ˼ҪͷУСèʽԼ˵ʲôţ»ó˰ǡһתĸڰº󡣡
ûϵĩлȻᵽĸЩԵؿ
㵱֪ҹĸΪ˰ɡ
ĩеĹĸ˼һᣬɴ۾һô෸˻¶ʥ˹ѣʥƢ֮⣬Ҫԭǵʺĸ򸮡
˸ͬʺȴԹʷ޷ָ͵»ʺĸҷȵĪ׸ʷټ¼ʺйʱΨһİܱʡÿԼλʺ㣬èŵòС
ĩڲ׵׵񶾵ļĸֵֻȴûܴԭõ˳ʺһӻ
ʺٵΪӷˣڹ˽ϯ
ӡΨһμӹĻ˵ᣬٵֻǸʮĴ̫̫ʱη͸ηСʲôòġΪϲɰǰ˵˼伪黰ϲû˵ȻſھһǸˣʹһѶ⡣
ɻʺԼҲǺͯˣ˵ϲûáؼԼȫȻ֪䷢κ飬򸮶ʱԲ˵ȥʹˣԼв̤Ц˲˵˶鷳
ǲȥǱǶԻʺϵӣûӻʺϵĴ󲻾֮
ٴο֪ôźãֻܰͶ˳ĩС
ķӦǳĩҪģֻֽ˫Уа֮࣬ѧüҲһͬ빬ʱһҡ
˫ָձĩʱ΢΢Ҫɼͬ˵빬Ϊʺٵ£ֻʱͣ³Ķš
ֿůǽȫ֮УԭЩ΢ĵ¶Ҳů
֮ĩ˵꣬Ǵʧ˳ֵûᣬ˫־һֱôţĵ¶ƺů֣Ķⶼ̵
ȻӲĩе۾Ⱦ̺Ķ⣬סֹȥһĳ嶯ǵЦôزס
̧㿴ĩؿ֣˿ĩУʵ紫˵ǰ壬üĿݣǼŭһ棬ҪЩǲǿĨġ
Ͼ˶а֮ģ˭ûòɾȥ롣
ضųĩеʱĩȴڼ͡
̫ã˿˿¶棬óĩпȴݺȥһݵȾϺ쳾ġȻ͸ǣȫȻ硣
ղòŴӦٲֶţҪôˣպõСèһӶ
ۣɿ裬תǻûùţ˴Ž




ŵĲʽʮ嵭ССڳţȴֹס͵͵ƳĩС
һǸ˶֪ģ¶Ž޷ǳòֱĳͷƫƫΪĩвⲻ֪ĩбôţѹµĻ
ֻĩзе꣬뿪
һٶ˾ڼûҪʲô뿪֮󣬳˿ΪԷԵúúõģȻҪأǳȥˡ
Ͻڳеķ³ĩкȻ·۷Լֵҹһϡ
ĩ֪ǸСûĵôһվںߴ˻磬ȥѾ겻ҲʰˣȻûСèԼҪȱĥˡ
Ȼ֪ĩǿ̵жʹ࣬ϴֵ֮ϺȻصźӣŹʵʵ˯ȥ
һҹκһ˹´Լӹ˼ȹϣƿϵӣſںŵ˽ϴ
ĩҪϳᣬһǲڵģǰзԸˡմ϶׹ӣỤ̊ݺ㹧վһԡ
Щǣָָϵ̡
ЩǷ˵ճϯʺٵʱҪΡүǰԸūǣȷ͵ǰ
Щǰ鲼ϣΣ¶˾֮ɫ
ŮĸΣƯ·ϾµΣһ鶼ܺϼ֡οЩʵԾԾԣɵĨֻĨĨ᲻Ųۡ
һֲ˼Եľģѡ񣬡˲ԴһСҲ÷㼰ʱ޸ġ
˹ԴɣҲŤˣԻϲش¡ЩﱾʧǰԼò÷̸ƵģȻһϣžеԼת˸Ȧ֮ͷϵıʯҪ財
ֻΪЩԼ׼ģΪǳĩпʧ䣬һְ׼ġŵȳĩлҪúõлģΪΪԼġ
ǵĩгңһԺӱ㿴СĸζŲСӴ˳ЩӵؿĻȥ
˶겻䣬ѹס֮󣬳ĩ̧ߵǰ
ͷഩЩ˵ţĩֹ˹ţ
ҲôųĽӽҳĩд˷ֻ˼һɺģ޹ԽأҲûϹֵİǡ
䣬ֲǺµġֱǴӿŵأɤèһϸ
ĩлҲøֵɡ
ס¶һСָüͷ˵䣬ָı飬㶼ôź˵ġ
ĩг鷢ŭϽ͵Ĳ䡣㿴ҶüˣٴҪȳˡƺ³ĩвţƿ䣬
ϸѩףϴŵĺɺ鴮ĵʡĩдۣ΢΢̾˿Ȼ¡ǡֻǻܷģҪ֪һܲú
ԼСǿĺܣܵ㺮ܲġԳĩУǹԹֱָ¶ȣĩвû¡
ȴȵĲУֲ£ֻܻӻӣԼЩ
֪ȣĩʾһµµˣܿ죬ƺõʶұ
ʳ۾һ·ɣСؿ۳ĩУԼģ֮ܳУİõؽһʶҳԵþ⣬ǣδٳԡ
Գĩеľȫʳ֮£ֻҲ˼ֱʳֻ̧ڴÿ
ʳԶθſſųĩУĩҲӦ
ֻס֣𣬡ȥߣ
ճ˼̣Ҳþֻܾ֣ŲӸ
Ժź󣬳ĩг˵ָ䡣
ڰǵһŤûˣҲЩָ䣬㣬һԼİ֮һ㣬˻ֻ̿ǻ֣̿Ǽ尾
ɵظڳĩ󣬺һһľ




ԺӺܴ󣬳ĩֹԳѣӷŵ֮һҲֻһԺӵܶѡ
ЩϤ֮Уӡȴвܴﵽĳ̶ȣһȦֻ԰ľ¶棬໨ܲľϡƷ֡
ĩмɵô۾ؿ·ôʱֱز񻰡ۡһһľһשһ߶ϲýģ˵ѪҲΪ
ȫǰϲ𣿹ֲãԽԽϲֻȻ뵽ĩĳƺӣҲ˵δоҲŶˡ
ضҪ˵ԭҲͰˣǼҵң̵أ
ĩмɫʼʱʵʲôأ
ЩҪҪʣϾ˼Ҽ£˲̫ãǲʣʵںؽ
뵽Լڿɲ򸮵ˣȻʧ˼䣬ԼԼҲأ̽ŲСʵȫҵϲеĳǲ᲻𣿡
ȴĩЦһ˶ǲʸ񡣡
ˣ
ɴ۾һʱûع
Ϊ㾪ȣ
ûУе⡣ôģסٷʡ
ɳĩȴǲʣԹԵȫ˵˳ϼһǱзģ϶ҩֶȥġ
оԼӺȻ˵һ£öûܷӦãһĨǿЦɬڹ⻣𣿡
ĩ쳣ҲЦˡң
ôԼ治顣
ǰһĩ¶óѵĻЦģϼһϷ磬ҷҩǵԼģ޹ء
𣿡Žɡ
ѵ㻹ûԼɱˣ
ȻáʹҡҡͷɱĩôһţҲû˼԰ˣۣóĩдȥϢˡ
ҹ˸ΣεзʱظһƬңվĴߣͷбƺЦתһ䣬ϵֱһŮˣɫȥǻҰֻȻӴ̽ںɫѪбŻ˳кüѪĭմЬϡ
δϣһȴȻ֪ڴһŻѪŮˣļϡ
ξѺеĳгٳٻɢȥ뵽ĩͬԼ˵ĻѵϾδϣԼʵ
ԼɱأԼ϶ҲˣɥĲɱˣ
㷭ȥһҹ˫۶
ķɫͰ𪣬۵¶࣬Եɫ㲡
ҹû˯ȣ
ЩԸҹ֮£Ƶû£˸Σˡ
ҲûʲôΣֻЩūյ裬Ϣ˯ðЩ
һ뵽ޣӦ֪ԼΪʵƽºٶల趼á
飬ڼ֮Ͽʲô仯
Ҫ˵仯ȻеģϾ˻һɲ䡣ֻūһֱڷߣҲ̫ı仯
Բؽ⻰˵û˵ûҲǣ˵˵˵˲ǵģԼûͷûԵطʣҲ̫
ֱӷʣǣүм̷˵ôһ£
˵⻰һֱϸɫκα仯⣬ҲֻƮƮػشүϷ磬Ǻү͵͵ֻµײ̫ʣ̷Ծ棬Բ£һ˼Ѱҩ˭ٵ̷˷굤ҩŻѪֹ̫ҽʱѾ췦ˡ
𡣡õ𸴣źЩŮ˶ϣԼҳԵҩģԼǻǲãҲʹǰϷֻһˡ
ҲԼɱ˵Լɱˣôܲ˲ıһƷԼúûţٺò֤ݡ
ţ˲١
ûע⵽ƿߺɫ
췢ʱͬˣū澻һҪӵµĹ·Ź֪˵ǰ̵빬ص־Ҫˡ
лҪ˵һѽ



ԣ뵽ǰճĩͬ˵ģºǻʺٵʱ빬ϱȻκʧ
ȻС룬еҲõóֵģԶʢһӶһ빬ϵȻڴСѧĽ֮Уѹ֪빬ʱȥ
ֽ֪빬ʱǰ˲١뵽ԼỹױЩżֵûУȥˣʧ񣿡
ֻܷģǵˣȻǱ뵽ǰԲģӷˣЩȥҲ޷ġ
ȻԼӷˣҲûͷյȵĵҪ֪ǽҲʱҸģԼȥײá
ּ⸱ϰΪ̬ȣҲ಻ˣĪԼǰҲֻѭԭѣ
ϰ߿ҪãǰǰڣˣϽǰ˹ȥ
ҲˣأΪٴ̤Ҳ³СССǹأĳٴ̤ԭǺǰͬһйء
ͷ̵ʱʵͦʡĵģǸҪǿӣдСĽǴףûϼգ㽫йȫȻգʢСϰǵСǷһҲȫ³
ʱõ֮⣬˵Ǹѧˡֹ⻹õϰգʮƽ͵غ
ҶǻʺĸңֻϹʹҲľƷѿҲͣɲˣͳҶҲƽͶһʱ̡
û뵽ǣһյƿǳһڣҴҸˡ
ȻЩ⣬Ȼ÷²յʼְ
ֲ趼ˣΪԼٵܾãصǸǸ֣õˡ
Ͽֵ档ǴӹгģĹأûбֳһɶĸպãûоõȡ
Ϊӣһߺ죬ƢãƽٵȻҪʮֵľúѧϰزС
˺ʧ±ĩֲ֪Ͱѹ˾⡣Ϊֻ빮һ£Լ̬øÿ
Ҫ̬ģҲԼһס
ڽ̵ʱһֱǸݶĹ淶̶ȣָͨ䡣
˵ֻûȫֱƾȥˡ
տʼɴԽͷԽãȻƫʱȴһָֻȴʾģ˰죬ߺֵͬᡣ
ʵͲԾˡǰͷɵļʵǴģֻڹ߶᷸ʶԵĴ󣬻ΪиĶ̫ãˡ
ԼǰЩӸս̵ŮأʱҲʱ鿴̵ȣûͬ˵б䡣
йˣô£Ҳһû
Ϊͷˣô꣬رųɼľͨ͸
Ȳ飬ҲǱֻһֿܣѾǵùôȥˡ
뵽ܣ̽ʵ˿ͷĹˣ
ˣһӡûС˵⻰ʱͷŽż⡣˵ҲԹܹԴѧʵķʱȴһֶдС
뵽ǰЩ˵ӷ˻ãĪ˵Դ£
ּȻǾͨ͸֮ˣڴ˽ͷȻҲǿʢȥʡ
˲²ֱ˽̷Խ̳ѧߵ̬½̵
Ȼ£ԭȵģϵĸоʧһͬĨ̵ָֽ֮һΣν̵ֽһλҪ˳ܿѧ˴󲿷ֶϲѡ
˰ʱ֣°ڣ׼뿪йܼҽ͵ٽſʱЦŵ˺ЩֻҲţԻְæܲǡ
ͽ½ܼ˵ⷬǰһɲȻģ˹أԼ˹ء
ˣǱллˡܼҸ˫Ñذͳš




ֺ֫еЩƣ˳ѣ֫ʵ̫һ죬Щ
뵽Լ׵رѹѧ˽ȥͦгɾ͸еģϲ֮£ϵƣҲ㲻ʲôˣڴЩ
ǰͱ˳ʳȲ裬ֱ֫ߺߣƣȫ
Ȼ뵽һ춼ûĩУʵģ
ӹûء
𡣡ûҲãôţʯͷµĿУȫûֱӿ˯ˡ
ΣһͷںԺͷһѧϰأֻǽصǸȴ֣ǿ̱࣬ʱñɱһŮˣ˶֡
ֲ̱Ҳʵ̱˵ĻĶʱҲǽĴʾͷϡ
ͷȴ⹷ƨֵĲ裬һʱٲֱ̣Ӻ˶ְ˴Ӻ˳ȥ
εﲢûжϣԼػ˷Уһţ㿴ĩбڰϣһ飬һŲ裬ò⡣
Լڿĩڵģֱǰе裬֣תĻУԼҶ챻ϸĥˣ㶼ҡ
֪ӦԵˣұҲʡ£ȥˡȻˣҰ࣬
ԽԽԾֻǻϸ룬˹
ʱĩϣ֫ˣͣеĶǼ˯ˣȻҳ㣬Ӳʱɷڶձضʹޱȡһ۵һˣָԸµء
ջֵģĻ֪һɺģҲŤʲôοַҪ黹ҪĺãһǲԸƿֺ뵽ղǸΣĵ漴һĸоƶҪɷ֫Ѿˡ
ֻĸоһƽֻͣ۾ȴת˴⣬ٿĩС
ֻǴǻ־㻹ǲ̫ãǳ˳ֱ֣ҾѾˣ㲻Ұˡ
٣ĩ££ƣȻıǼ⣬һط飬Ǹ
ߺ죬ŭеһ˿ίԼôͷˣֻ֮ЩҲʵ̫Щ
һ˿Ƿޣ·ͨŮϻףɷ֮һ˵ôԼȷǷЩ
Ƭ̣֣˳ĩи첲ϣһ㣬˰ɡ
ĩû뵽㸣ֿаãǰȴǲ̫ϡģ˰ɡ
ĩ˽Ǻãԭ̫ŵĿȴ֤Լ˫ȹϣ˫
ʵĩ˵ûǵĿԺƣʹȫڳĩпƮؾ͸Ƶġ
ֻëϣᣬϣǽе𡣴ǰû֣ĩмȽƱеŶûش򿪡
ΪеŵֻһδȫȼյĻĬ佫ȥ
˵ʵڣܣĩоͲǸصˣЩƱأƫƫпŴǰš
ָϸ廬ĲԲҲֻ½񫡣ΪкܴķӦȴûУֻ΢΢򦣬èƵ۾޹ؿ
ĩеȻȥ
ţΪԼˣϵʼ
һ룬㱻ν˳ĩлУƣûƶɼĩûһʲô֮Ҳʲô̫ҵķ
ڳĩмϣþãᵽƺйɵϢǺţƺЧ
գգۣȻ뵽֮ǰΪʵúúÿ¡ûǰ㱩ԸԼȻᶯĵİɡӣҲɵġ
ʮӣ¾óĩǰδ̫Щ֣Ĵĺ󱳡һֱƢҿ϶㡣
ĩԣֻĿһʹҪһֱƢ𣿵ҪһӺССûĵĶԺô仰ջȥ




̾˿ĩΪεҺʱ㷢Ƣ
ϣ㽫ǰϷϸϸͬĩпһ顣㻹˵ûƢ϶ˣڶûȥء
⡭ĩкȻ͡۸㣬ɸһ˿ʹ
ʹʵеģֽʹ뱻ʱʹֲ̫һؼϸǰҹϸڣʱΪ̫־壬ȫ̶ڿޣʹĲôʹм˲ͦġţô˵ȷڴ
ʲôֲ޹ʴ˵أ⣬󣬳ĩоˡ
ʧһּ䣬ẦģԼĿ־ʤฮˣ˵Ļ㲻òóĩ˼ˡ
룬ʱ꣬ĩпϲ˶⡣οǼ֮ɶ˻ԼҲǷѽһ׮¡
һʱЩ£˰죬ǲԸ˵
ĩмȻû죬ӵתͷȥȴСèҧŴﻹỨ
㣿Ѱʵ׵ģɼһ޳ģ˿ڡˣշǷ޶꣬¹ʱͷϴ
ɼ䣬ѾȻǹȥ£Ѱʵк塣
ˣҲˣԺɲˡ
ɻǲļ˴ңǰԴޱȵᣬûô
˶ǻã׵ӣĸױ·򸾽ѹѾתҲ˵
ǺðɣҾ͹ȲˡٷƢõΣ
ҸҶ԰㷢ƢǾͷҡ
Ϊ˳ŵǺתŶԣɲ֪ΪΣϵɫȱŨ
ֻӳĩл˳Ьģһߡ
˵Ůģ룬ĩв仰˼Ͼʱǰһждϣϲŭܵһ۵֪
ʱȴǰ¶µǽóĩԼ¡
ĩв²͸ǱֱʣҶ㱣֤ˣôǲ̫ˣ
ҳһţԼδаѳĩ˹ġԼʸףҹ˯þˡ
ԭȿǺ֪ݵŮ£
֪ݵŮʱЩԶĩһʱû뵽ôһ¡뵽֮ΪκȻƲֵˡ
Сèǳζˡܿĳζʽĩеľ˼
ǲϸŮˣǶֱӺӰ˶ȥģɴ䣬ƤӶƣһư
֪ݵŮ˵ĿǸб̺ɻǴɵˣ
ɡʱǶ׵£֪ġ
Ȼ֪ʱǸɻ̺ɵŮ˽鲻ҲֻΪĲǼǵǸŮΪ˲νԼĴġ
˵ллǸŮˣҲⱲӶ
ĩв㽫ʵ֪ʮ˼ģԽķ룬·ܡòװСûĵСèʵˣɲٱһΡ
Ҳƭֻǻ˵ȷʵôһ⣬ûñˣ㲻ᣬҶҪˡ
ʲôԭ˵ף
õұ磬ĻʱɱײˣȻɲˡĩ˵ķƵƺ⡣
ȴŵı飬Ҫ֪ɼҷһʶô㲻֮
ɳĩҲȷʵûҪƭһ¶£зڵأǳ˷˲ɵ⣬֮º˳ɹġ
кȻ뵽ڻ԰пĩбɱһĻѵ֮ˣһλ
ԳĩдұΪʲôԭ򣬱Ͼʱδ£û˶˵ĵ
ĩмȻϸüë΢΢Ҳ֪Щʲô
ָֺ˼룬ĩдִϣɸ֣Ȼеɻ̲ס˳ǰδͬɶ׵ʱ֪ݸԺɵɵıһ٣Ϊʲôԭ򣿡
ȻôһʣóĩЩ䲻
ǶǰˣԳĩжԻ޹ؽҪС£ܼǵǸ׺ɻǷۺɵѾǲףĻȥԼһִĸС¡


Ϩ

ӦΪĩв˲²⣬ĪΪԼǰǸ˺ɵıʱñŻΪԼǸŭô˵ˣ
ԽԽֿܣǺĩвòŬǰ飬˴죬ڽ䱻˳
ŶҼˣʱ֪ҽףȥҸ磬;ȴǸ磬޶ָұӾһѾĸףǲ̣ͽѵһֻСӲ࣬˻װҲȭشװҴöƵġӦǵ֪֪⽫Ůңŭҳִ˵ġ
˰죬ŷӦĩпеĴָɡҲȥĩндֵˣû뵽ǣľ㡣
ûóĩлƭԼܵؾŷ˵Ļɱʵ˵۲٣ԳĩʱҲеЩ顣
ôңΪĿҴǲ˶ıɣ飬ĩȷеĲ²⡣
ǲ˶죬ɡСͼֺһʵ
ĩлܲ˽Ҳ֪þգƼҧˡ
ȿҶʲôı綯֣㵱ʱںδǵʱܼ㡭ĩж˶٣ʱǼΣʱ£Ҳû˼ͿˣҲֻǰװ״ѡ
ҵʱŻˣͶڼɽһҲҶ
ĩв̫ǰʱصڣˣڼȻ֪ҷƽ޹ʴˣ㻹ǻִŮ˵
˵Ҳ׼Ȼƽ޹ʴˣǵ㣬ô죿
ӦǳĩڴߵǣҰͷֻԶ㣬ô㡣
ʱͨ죬˽ࡣ䲻֪£ȴʱδǱģҲߵ죬֪ڵԼ˭ɫЩ
ĩԭֻѵˮһ£۲ķӦûִֵ󣬿ʼǡ
ҵһͿˮɵ۾㶵ؿųĩС峺͸޶˵
ԣۡὫ˫סƸǰŽëգָ΢΢ЩĩȻϿָ䣬ɲò˵ʧҲ˶ġ
ģ¶ģһܰĿƵģⱲҲˡ
еǰһڣǷӦˡ˵߹ߣˣʵҲôζΪ鰮еŮ㡣
ζǲµģȵģģȫ쳣СŶ
µļ䣬ʧʧտʼãȻıʼɡ
˵ĺʼüۿԭ֮Ҫ𣬿ɼӴĿ͵һ飬һȥʹƿĩУɢҵӣȿһߡûɹȻҲ㰡
ǲˣſߣóĩиܵʲôײɽҽ亮̶£ȴûٷȡ
ջԭȵ뷨ʧǸε.𷸣ֻ֪һ.ҪԣҪǻܽ.
Ŭ˳˿ĬʮŽǹȥ֮󣬳ĩֱӷЬԹˡ
ųĩͷҲص뿪ûɵһίˣûͷ˵Ҳֻܳ˳ͷŶСײ磬Թ԰½ãſյӣ֪һøʲôźá
һ춼ûĩУտʼҪӣûʣͦãÿγֶҪֵֹ顣
ûˣҲû˺˵ĩɣ̲ס麰ĩе׸ʲôȥˡ
ΪȻ뵽ûͨɲ˶ûа˵˵ͨһҲˣѰҹޣɩɩһʰˡ
䲻֪Ѱʲôɴ»֪ģҲȥͷŮˡ
㣬ʲôͨ
ȻûеģӶԷһһ⣬˵ͨˣŮ·߶մȾһ¡
ЩӲؼңʲôȥˣ
лҪ˵ȻʶСè
±Ԥģ滹޺ÿƫĵ˵ⱾרΪͷÿġղؼڴͶ۵ĲУղһ²ԿԿ~
Ůͷ۵һΪַ־ֵ
˭ǰߴ˰̣˺ףƫƫԼûŮ㽫˱ҰûͷϡͳǸƳȥ׵ĵù
׶뿪ǰϦ۶ѿƵľ
ԼǸϽɫһµĺ׹ɣҪԷ˻ܼӽһµĹȥ
֪йˮˣѿȥ˲꣬ĽΣ鶯ˡ
ĳǻιúãһͶٶ⣬̲ͲͲ
:ɱ˵ˣ
ˣƺʲô




ӶлظֻǹæÿնҪ鷿񵽰ҹ
ԣ˿ɽΪ
ǵø׵ĹҲǷæһϲ߲ҲйģʱĸױΪҹ˿Լ˫֣ԼǳĩеķˣǲҲñʾһ£
飬һҹȥ𣿡
ģ˾Щ͵ӵ鷿
𡣡룬漴վģҹȥ
û뵽иרΪС湤һӦȫֲȴңһ±ϲ
ǹټС㣬ȴһĸףηʱϲ³оСģη󣬶ĿȾ֮£ҲϲԼ³оЩСη˹δҹĲʹҲͷϡ
СǰշҪĽģַյθĸ֣θĳҪЩ
ĽܣȻѹ־úϤԭǷŴ˵θĩĶԼܺãʲô鶼ԼϲţҹͶȫֻǵõҹĩе鷿ǰ˼ԥ
ȥҪô˵źأƤǳҲ̫˵ʲô֮ɽȥ֮ܲʲô˵ֱӰʳӲطϾ߰ɡ
ԥ̫ã鷿űˣĩеӰǰֻǺæϴǳʥʱĳ۵׻кԵѪ˿ڿһ̣ƣһ˲䲼º͵Ц⣬ƣһɨգֻĵĻϲ
ЩˣԼʱǣݵĶ֪عеʳѾĩнӹԴʳУ׼ҹ˳þû԰ҹˡ
ԣڵպ֮ǰΣЩŵ˶ڽģտ϶Ҫøã³ĩгԹӸ߳գԲġ
һζ
ƭˣ϶Щġ
ҶԶǰƣҳԵ⣬ⲻζȻ䡣
⻰ٴߺ˶⣬ĩһͬǰӺǿºм϶࣬ºЩڵؿߵˡ
ֻĩ˫ɾĿӽУһЩɡ
һ࣬ųĩг껹и࣬Ӽһ־
ƽǲҹʳģǰϧԼϸζҹʳ֣ĩգΪմһڡ
ʮûݹ˼ɣǻڳҪԲʱԲûмɿһ˵ĩпʮسſʳЩ룬ָ䣬뵽Щڲ֪±ԼҹʳϵһȤ
ʵϲЩǰҲͬἰʱȴǻһ񣬶ʹӡ˵ϲ⣬ڵϸǲϲඣǲϲҾͲǰˣ;ȥŮ˰ɡ
ǵĩֻܲͲͳز˵ҹ˹˺Щ֬ǿ˺忪ĵġ
һָûôףʵЩϢҲ޷
Եĺѹû뵽⹶˻˼
ʳп֮סõĳ嶯׼뿪
㱻ĩ˻صȥ
ҪߡסĲϲ˲䡣
һƬЩӲ
Ϊĩʲôû뵽ֻǿļϣЩƣ˵һᡣ
ƺľһᣬͷֻһС󣬱ֱҹˣ¶̫أطЩϢɡǣط
Ҳߵ̫ŵƻµ
ãȫ˵ġ
һ׵뿪鷿طȴ˯ţӶµĳĩС
Ȼ齣»ص鷿ʲô῿Ҳá
ҲôȻһɳ嶯鷿ԼǲҪĴĲźáֻǲ֪ᴦʱǧҹźáҲˣϴӦĺúõģÿÿ鷿Ҫȼһϡ
ôţշת˯ȥ
ſںȻһ֮ҹԡͷ˵¾ѹţ˵˺Ƴĩߵˡ
飬˯ûС˵·˹ߣǰԸһġ
лҪ˵⣬Ķĸо
èӣʧǰʧ

Ȥ

ĩ˽ǸӲӣʧȥˣ˶񵽰ҹ»ط鷿ֱ˯ģҲԸ˹û˯ÿԻط˯
ϳ˷⣬ֱӻݶǲܵģƫƫ뵽뿪鷿ǰǹҵ뻹̴һˡ
Ŷû˼ǹңܿȥ
Ϊ˯ЩһѧϰأЩӵ׷ѣæϴһԳٵһ
⼸Ӧÿǰ׼ʱӼٵЩӦ⿴ۡ
֪ʱֱţ˼֮Уͷѹص׵׵ģߺ졣
⸱ģΪ棬ԭʲôãҲʧˡҲ̫⣬ǵҳνǻأ㼸춼óٵʱҲͳٵ˰յ裬㲻óٵ
ֱôһ˵ƫƫ꣬ȴġǰЩǸΣͷΪܲסֵ䳰ȷֱ˦ˣģԼǰʱٵҲ˽͡
ѧеĹǣֿߺڳ븮ѧϰ֮ǰǲǻĽ֣
һֵģƷͷǷһˣ͵ˣ֪󣬱˽Ť͵˹ٸš
Ļû˵Ƿ˲٣͵ȴͷϵģΪĨģΪ˵õŵĴӣ׼׼к
ȴû뵽类ʶƣǰŸ׼Ĩű㱻ץ˸࣬еЩȫϸģǲϣֻʵ͵ỹͷء
֮ԽûʲôԣԺֱʱǰյȺȲ裬١
ҲǸˣҶͬһȦͷģ͵һ£˶ܿߣҪ벻ǻɶ˵õġʱٵͶȼյ˳ҺҶʱĹǵȵ
鲻˵Ǿ쵽Ծ˵ǰʱǺԵɣ
˿ģҹȵ˯ȥѲȷԭ֮һɺʱģȵԿĲڣѲȴ棬ֻѲԭ鷿һۣȻֻˡ
ˣ鶼ȥôˣҲû˼
Ƶʱ֣ȴĩû֣ųĩɹǵ³ҹȥ
ֻȴû뵽߽鷿ţ㿴˴鷿˳ͨʮ㣬ܱõһ࣬ȴԷǰ
ɩ
˺ɩӦǳĩеķݣֻκѾȫȻǣҲ֪óƺʲôźá
ŵǼǵõģֻǸϽ˹񣬲Ϊ̫ӵ¡
״Ͻ⼸ֽĹػѧμ̫ӵ¡
˵ʧһʱδ͸¶ι̫ҽǹҽڵĪҽףڻعѽʧ¸֪ʥʺ̫Ҳӻʺ¡
ǰǰȻͬǶ˼ۣɩضűɩճѣʺ򣬵ʧ񡣡
ĸ̫ӵǸ񣬸Ͻ˵ûϵѾˡ
ⷬСĻظ̫ΪӦӡǸӦ΢üͷ뿪Ц˵̫ģĸ̫ӹŶָ̫ǰŸߣ̫Ҫָҳǽ˵Ҳ˶ˣĴ˵ȥ
̫ӻ֮ʣĩе
ԣǹɵƹ̫ӣĩС
ĩһѽս漴ɫˣ̫ӵҲûظˡ
̫ĩʷģǺܾδˡ
ǰҲûĴҲ٣ǰȴû⸱ģʧˣ㿪ʼһϱģ
ĪʧԣԲΣ
ԴԼλ׺̫̫Ҫϳɵö࣬ټ̻¶κι⸱ģȤ
̫Ҫȥ¿ϷǶܡ
ĩ̫뿪ǣֽ鷿




ֽյĳĩУõҪմˣյЩۡŪˡ
ǰԣеڽ鷿漴˷š
޲ʲôױƵĽΪĩ׼ĵһһ˳Ƶĸ㡣
ɳĩвƷòʵ̫Σ
Щԣֻʵͦȵһˡ
ȣǿ֮ʣĩ㿪ʼˡȣ֮⣬б뷨𣿡
ʲô뷨ֲʶ˵ȣ˵ʲôأóĩ⻰ʵ֡
ûʲôֻҪ֪֮⣬㲻б͹ˡ
Ҫǳ֮бˣǺӳǽҪǱҵ֪ˣ׼ýҸϳš˵꣬ɫһ죬ǺܿѾ˵ʵǽܳĩ¡
̫Ӳδ뷨ĩ˿ģ˭ͷйͷǱǰѿУᱣ׼úϱһ
֪ȡ̫ƤҺ󣬳ĩб㿪ʼʧ̫ӡ
ⲻ֪˵òҲǻᷢıģǰ̫ӿԳƵٷ磬Ǳã̫Ӹʳˣ̫ӾУ䲻ʱٷȴۿۣԽ䣬Խǲ
ֻû뵽Լż̫һ棬ҹйֻȴ̫á
ͷһž´绪Ů˽һǣúǺÿȴ˻һ·һ̾ͻȼ
̫֣ڲҲ˵̫ӵк˽飿
Լ̵Цûб⣬תԷͷӡ뺰֣Ѳɻܹס첻ɡԼܲסˣȴɹԺ̫ӺԺŮ˿ɶȥˣҪҿ̫ҲˣҪ
󵨣㾹ҶԱ˵̫ţû뵽޶Ҷ
ƫƫԼЦø˿ɫҾǴˣ˽¾ҶˣҾ˵ֵΡ̫ȥ̫ǰ״᲻ҵ
̫ƣ̣⣬ȴס̫ӦôδԼִ˰ɣϸĶûֻһζִ˵ҫƤʵڳܲסҲͲЦˡ˵꣬һʹ̫Ƶڵء
ŵڵϣѲ֪ŭֻʣȾ̫¶ΪõЦǣ̫򰲡
ֻǵһת㿴֪ʱ̫ӣСĩУ
͵ؾѣԲԸԵ̬ȡ
ļһʱĵƷƷӦý顣
ԼΪλе飬Ϊ̫Լĺ̫˽飿
̫ʱ̫Ӷ̬ȣҲûʲô֮ȻҲпԼûϾǻ񼸺ڿŽż⣬ĸ̧ͷֱ̫ӡ
뵽ڼ̫Ӻ󣬳ĩжԼ̬ƺЩ΢ı仯
ʱԼûϸϸ룬Щ½ۡѲԼ̫Щʲô
ŵøϽͣ¼ȥͷô̫оôʵֵһˡҲ߲Լˡ
Ͼִ̫ǿ̫ıӵҴ̫Լʵ˵ͷЩҡҡ׹
Ϊҡҡ׹Լӳǽ̫о£ƺҲòô׽ܡ
Ȼϵǰ漸ɢɢȻÿζкĽͣǾãԼӷ˼ת䣬˲˵ĺӳǽķñȴѡԭ¡
ĿʼʹϵأôŴˮֹסð
ˮУôֹסҲû˿֮ſűô˯˹ȥȵڶ׵ôʡ
ٴذ󼦵ףֻΪͳĩ֣ͨŻ۾ףú˯ţ۾׵زУⲻ˵ġ
ˣ۾ôˣū澻ҴưɣôҲǻ°
鲻˵ãһ˵ޡƤӱûǰޣֻǿšԽԽܡ
ٽǳĩгǰһ룬ڳĩгֺڱۡһ˳
ĩ:ôһ֣СèͿ
лҪ˵ÿ춼бԼԲŵ



ôֿˣΪҽݣȥ
ǣߡԳĩεʱ򣬼̧ҪߣϽ˺ס˿ʣĳĩЩۡ
߽ϵĨȥĩп׳ɺҴ۾üΪҪޣ
ĩж۾Ͻס۾ͷŤһߡ𿴡
ĩ֪ǰ۾Ը˿ҲҪңΪҪޣ
ʲôԭʵ˵ڣĩдñˣɲٴӡ
ĩҲתǣ֣㲻Ը˵Ͳ˵ˣݣ԰ӣɢɢĿɺá
ȴ۾Ͼܾˡ
۾˫ƿĩһǣǾͲˣֻͬһ𡣡
ԼǱƻһ㣬˵ͷȻ֣š
ڳĩ˵һ·治һˣˡ
ͷ飬ûʲô˼԰;£Ƕ͵͵ųĩС
ֻǵ˹䵽԰ӱߵһǽʱǽ߿ïʢĺ֦Ŷӻҡǽ̽ͷȥɵͣ˽Ų㱵ؿǽǽӻ
ĩм۾һգգǺӣΪϲϲۼ֦͵ȥ
ҪҲҪӡش
һ鶼̫ãǲԣĩҲ룬ֻôչЦղźá
֪÷ϧʱڲ÷ʢӡֻĩкӻóһ֧÷̶֬ɣ÷˿觶ɣٵ飬Ƹմѩµĺ÷˪ѩŨҡ
ʱû÷Դ÷ܲһЦ
ӺԽҲ͸ԽʹҲֵôá
ޣһжֵõģϡ
ϸҲﵽĩмλá῿ϷǽĻ֮С
̧ͷֻܿӲʵ򦻹йĺᣬһ˲ƲԼһ㣬ȥ
ĩиеһȵĴ̵ҡ֡
ɻδţ˳ƿļϣĶϣá
룬Լȥʲô֮ڿʼҪһһ⣬ǰ֮˲źá
ĩû뵽յͻȻתһ㣬Դʧ󣬶ʾ֭ǣǣֶѣʱܵͶͱĩȻһֻһһֱ´ȥ
ֻǻ˲ǸֵģͨˣԼʲôط˳ĩС
룬ԼȻúÿˣټʢúÿĶȻƤֻ࣬һʱǿòԼסأ
Ųʵ뷨ʳ⡣
ûκ˼ĩеС
гؿ
Ϊ㣬ȫϲ
ãĩеĻش𣬵ʲôûش𡣲ҲٸʵףΪ͹ĵˡ
ȵطʱĩԭҪߣȴֹ˹֣ҪߣҲ˸ŵʱˡ
С˵ܾܾοĩԭܽԼǺȻ£ܳƺ¹ҹ͸ˡ
ģҲƻģţ˽Ų˷ͷ壬дѹҪ
ԭԥҪҪͬ˵ûӦϹһңڿɶѵĹĺ󣬱ס
ΪԼ޷ĴԼ˵ûĵĻ
ǵĩڰϴʱһԿżæиī裬Ҳģֻƽ룬Ӧνĺɡ
óͷŴԹԺߺð졣
ĩ̧ͷʹͷһֻСèſϣΪסˣȥ˯ɡ
ҲԣϽ̧ͷɴ۾֤
ƫƫ⸱֤ԼûзӣѼӲóĩ̾˿εģҾ͵񣬱֤顣
ԩˣȻҪ⣬Ĳûеء
ҿ˵Ҫɴ˿ɼȻƭҡ
оԼ˹ô֡




ûô롣β˿ί
ǰԸˣеıʣĩߵǰе⣬ĻŵĺܣϽִͷٿ
Ҳûô
Լ򦱻ĩֵʹòֱҳһʱĩɿ֣Ц˳ȥ˯ɣҴ깫ͻ鷿ȥ
Լ׽ŪĹĵص˳ĩһۣ˯˯
ֻϴϱӺȴζ˯š
ĩеڴӵƻ̫˯ߣŶôˣĩôûȥ˯
ڷʮ֮Ƿ˴ߵ䡣
ҹΪƣ͵ʱ򣬿ɳĩȴɼͦñֱɵشϵĹ񣬵ȴ˿֮ɫѵо
ĩбĶˣתͷ˳˫δģü´ЬëôǲĹ˵ţǰվ𣬾ߵǰӦѾֽ
һȻգ˫ָϽαסĩе㱻㱧ţ߽ҡ
˿ܵѪƿֲ֣ȳĩнŵϺ˫ֻɱšع֣ȴˡ
ĩдʱӸµؿԵƹ⣬ǲһƬӰȴȾˡУһң㱧Ҳţ˵
ҡڱ⣬ɳĩȴٸᡣ
Ƿ˵Ļȫ¶ǣ֮ͬǰǳֹ굱УֿȴԼƺû˵ֿƫƫֽҲ֪ǺԭʹϾ
δСèצ˶ǿɰġĩбġõСèĻӦĩߣèߣĿ
Сèտʼãߣ˷ҪץӣҲͣ
Ҳ֪˶ãǳ˯ȥһĳĩпɵ˯գȥ۽ǲˮ
ô䣬ʧЧã׹ĵĿʧ
Ҳ֪ǳСè᲻ϴٴν䱸һܺã˿ɾͲˣԳĩлǴӸԴ⡣
Ϊһεľ飬һγĩвκ֤ݡ
һֱϵȵ׸ҩЧüѣڶ϶Ȼһ˿ۼ¡ǳ˯ĩаѸҩͿĨÿһϵĵطĨˡ֤ݡ˯ȥ
ȵڶһ磬һ뵽ҹĩжԼ£Ͻ˿ԼЩģȴûϴɲϺۼ
ûһ۾͸еµϣټ֮ĩзͬǿԼڴµᣬһʼǺȤģǺŷġΪ֪Ǻԭֲ֪Ǻûǻޱȵľ֮С
߱˯ĳĩУ֪Ǹðѻ˯ŵĺãֻܱͷڴĹĵؿ
ʵĩһˣûϴԹˣǼµſķӦ
ûп֣ǱͷһĹĵضƣԼҲˡο˿̵˸ձݲйһ使ֻ˽ӵ뻳кúһ
ǳĩװһӣʵؿˡ
ߣŤͷ
ˣĩ֧סס󣬡ңʲôأ
۸ҡ˵ţۿ
۸ˣ
ң۸Խ˵ԽίԽס䣬ԽԽ졣
ĩоǺµľ棬Ųòô䣬뿪磬͵Ӧ¾׼
֮䣬Ѱ£˵۸أ
ѰҵǾͲһֱû׵ԭ˭ñ˼ҵķޣġ
ȻЩ̫ĩȴǲò˵㣬㣿
Ȼӣ͵ĸ׸еˡʱ򣬶Ѿе֪ϣνǹִĿԡ
Ļóĩ̲סЦĸƭͯĻȻŲɣȤ
ЦΪ˵ҡǿҵĿߣסᣬί֮ɫ˺޲ûдĲźá
ĩģҲˣӵڻУĶͷȥеᡣ˵㣬˵㡣
ǳǵ㻹۸ҡ
Ҳ۸ˡȿͷô֤ţԺһκһΡʧ׺壬Ҳ֮еһ㲹ɡ


·

Ƚ˺ز֮󣬳ĩмͷѸߣ׼ˮ
ϲྻˣ˲ۣܶºҪһʱԡģֱ۵˯˹ȥĩڣǲ뿪벽
°˺˳֮󣬳ĩв¡
ҲճǶ׼ˮ׿ĩУռ˾ңȵ㻨ˮУϵᷦȥ˲١
һˬشӾгĩѾ˶ţŵˡ
ƽ˲٣ıӰߺ측գ㣬ȴһɻӿͷ۾
ĩŲ߽תȻǧֽ̬Ժ֮УʱҲⱻһ
˵ˮܽأȻΣ¿ûˣʴůɫ˿˿ңղܡڲȼ£³ԡȴǵһΡ
֬Ͼµ˵ģƫ峺Ȫˮ΢ʪ´ɣߴӵؿ˵ȥΪ
Ŀ⿴ɬæǻεղȥ糯𣿡
ʥ屧ᡣãҴ䡣
ĩ˵Ҫҡҡͷ˸Ǽ֮⣬ԳʵЩܵġ
Ͼһʧȥеļ䣬ʢԣһزĵطԱı֮£û˻̤㵽ȫȻİĵؽȥ
ĩпĿܣ뵽̫ҽ˵ĻߣĻָǵģźһҡҼǵųԲϷʢԵģֻһҪеضࡣ
Щ˵ˣʵʱ˵ʢķ֣ãĩ֤ͬúջǡ
ͷϽİųˣڴظųĩ˳ŵ
ʢ֮ȷۣһ·סȥĿ档ʱһֻμѩèſڳϣɴ۾Ļ硣
ĩû뵽Ȥһ棬ֻһֻǲסͶιʳϹؿУĲУǵİĽ䱸类ĿӰ١
Ǵ·źȻ뵽Ҫȥİ
˵䣬ȴȻͣǳĩбĽ㱻˦ɳȥ
֪ӣ⣬ϽӣˡǰͷȻԴ˳ȥ·
ԸоЩ죬һ벻ƿ⿴ȥ
ֻһ䣬֮ǰʱ棬˵û뵽ᵲ˵ĵ
ӦһһӰӦ˿˼·ŵǸθС滹ûգԷﲻϲˡ
˭ûм䣬תͷʳĩС
Ҳ֪ҲǶҪˡĩд˻٣һ㣬еж֮ƣסȴûȻǵöԷشӦʲô޹ؽҪ֮ˡ
˵ûпѹͣǡöԷ˵̬ȣ˵ĶԻһֲԷС
ԣĲûеӸ顣
Է޻һᣡ
һˣһƫƫĩҲڣ뵽Ϊ˴£˸òסӷǰʱ䱻ˣܳţѾˣڴ˱ʾء
˵꣬ıﴫųĩֹ
˵мôйǷϰ컰ĵأֹֹͣ׵ػл
ʵĲ޼£ֻԵǸϽٽ·Ϊľǲͣ˶ѡ
Ľ˼ҵ·ŵڵ͵ģȻһкӦ˼ҵĵŵ൱ģŻӦȥ
һȨ󶼲ΪС˺ҲûԸ˺
Ҫ֪λʺģֽ̫ûδΪʺ󣬸Űͽỹ̸Ϊˡ
᲻ش֮ȴһؿڲϲ£ܼˡ
Ϊ˴ⷬ϶˵ģΪľ档ⷬţޣȻһᣬʱǴ̿ôһ˽




ҵȣԷʻ룬ԭȻֻͬĩֹ䣬ȴЩסˡﻹ·˵Ҫ֮£
ñ˱·뱻˴·ǲһģĸʵóݳ뿪Եһأͣţץס֮⣬κô
ֻһתȷм£Իø
ԭȴ·죬һߣһ˵һҲ޷˷ȴҪ·̬Ȳ·ĳ⣬˵Ǻܿˡ
Щˣһ֪Сͷϣ
ĩгֶ̧ۣյ˿ڲ裬ѹһ̧ʱǲһ㣬ͽΪԾ΢ŵС֮С
ʶͣڼæƷŴĸ㣬ûȥ
ˣЩ£Ҫ˳棬Щ˵Ҳ̫Щ
֪λСзھڳ⣬ֳϣȻҲ⡣
ԣɫַǻŮδȻ޷ھ
ԷòȻ֪˴𰸣ŵĿǹӷˣ޷أҲھһҲΪõ仰˵ô
һαֱ۵裬Ͼ˭֪չδҲ϶ǲȱھģȴûù¹
˷ֱҪ޷ɫְףԼУû˿ȥʱǱģ
·ɡɤ˵
С㣬⣿ȻʶãɵײԼ⡣
ãҧ˵֡ΣƣٽȥֻӶӡ
˾ӵһֻ࣬Ӷеޣֺشǰʻ˹ȥ
Ѿĸ㣬βҲ̽ͷˣͷɻʳĩУȨƺܴҸδǹòҲصǿˣǶȻǱǿ׿˵ġ
˵꣬ǾñǿʺܲŹۣʶӡ
Ǵܺˣĩסָ⣬Щ
ĩеһƬȣźԷΪֽĩе˫ֶ֮Уزͷ˲ļ򣬡ôᣬǰҶһѣءˣ㻹û˵أ˵˵ɣȻûӡ󣬵ǶֺǶ졣
ĩԾûʲô˵ģһˣ£ȻСè˵˼Կλʺ̫ǳڼʺĸ壬һеƢԡ
ĩ̫Ǹξִ̫ٴֻԶͷҲ˳ĩм£Ū˷Ҳ
ĩбüͷ΢˫һֻ֣סǿŲֵԴأ֡
ûжãֻС˵˾䣺򸮲Ҳǻʺĸ𣿡
Ժˣãǣ䡣
ԣȵ̧ͷ㶵ؿ˵仰ˣɣԼǵ̫ȫ˸߳ġ
ǰŰ裬ǲǲڸղǸԷһ·ԼȴԳӵݣδĻʺ˦ڵϣԼҪӷöࡣ
ɳĩȴǱЦһ㣬ЦǰһˮŰ֮˵
Ҳ˵ˣֻǰ̾˿˵ʩ룬ԼڳĩȻǧٰĺãȻв֮ҲᱻһźԹȥĻš
ôţĩֵ룬ȻҲԣҵŮˣڵʱ
ңǳ˻£õأ˵꣬һ̴¡
һ˲ӳĩĴ𸴣ݵ㣬ţοӲ¡
˵һҳȥɴʱ˿̣ڳĩлУĳŵȴ޷ʡʵǰһΣ棬Һؿִ̫ҽ̫һ˵ϣ֮ǿڳԣֱԲ𡣡


լ

ԣ
ʧǰ̫ã⻹ûǹ𣿡οܻΪ̫ӣִ̫뵽⣬ЩҽӴĩеߣڳڣͷҲԵ֡
ĩȴ뵽ʲôдżԼ쵽ڴҲ˵ǰļ䣬㶼Ѿ𣿡
ȴҡҡͷûУֻżΣȻΣ֪ǾҶʧļ䣬βҵļҲһֱûлָļ󡣡
˵ʧǲܵģҲûջ뻹ܴξõһЩ䡣ɻε
ЩΣͷѹĸͣѹסĵͳЩ̫õΣÿΣҶ룬⼸굽׾ʲôǸȫңİҺ¡
ֻǶԳĩжԣ֪ǸˣǱǸԼǽ˱Ľ㶼˵ˣֻƬΣҪ֪ǻƭ˵ģҲʵֵ˵̫񷨣ӻңȴ֪̫ѣǡ꣬䲻̣Ҳ㳤ûнȫһ˵㻹㡣
룬Լһױ˵ˣͷѹŵȴֹЩ޷İõΪξֵЩƬΣƬ
ĩֻǰ˶̾һŬȴƲסʣ̫ΪңǡΪ̫𣿡
ʲô
̫ӣ˽飿
һ˲˾Ĭ۾涵ؿŲһԵˣĿʼȥ
ۺʱǼģᣬµĺ󣬾ǴӰĽ̬֮˺Ѳϧĩдʱ޲ý֮Ҳȷôˡ
УķᶨûС
õظ˿ɻûȫ̫Ϊλᷢң˵̫Щ˵ĹϵʱҲڳһ֪
ĩж޹ؽҪ֮£һǲ̫סգϸ룬̫ƶʣ֪̫ߵŮ˿ִһ˻ʳĹͣѱԲ˵ġ
̫鷿ſڲһ棬֮Ȼ䣬ҿԲ̫ȴ޷̬ȡ֪ʵ𡣡
ԭ˵ԭ򣬾Լ
̫Ӳ޾ҿԱ֤Ҫԭҿº̫̫̲̫бŮˣȴ̲бˡ
𣿡סᣬ̧ͷԥؿųĩС
ˣ԰Ầ𣿡
֪Լˮ֮ˣо˶ɿԳĩеķʣҡҡͷֻҪ㲻ңûʲôµġ
ɵϡƵ˼£ĩпһߺ˳⣬ȥ
ȵ˵طĩвŷſڼ˫Ŀˮһһ㽿ޱȵ֮󣬺ȻԸ³ˡ
ɲԸò㱻˿ȥ
ҧĺ׵촽Ҳ֪϶ܼˡ
ۿߵؿųĩУҧ
ĩ֪һñϡ
ڵȴĩнһլԺ֮ǰŰ巺ɣլԺҲ󣬲һѣͨ
ǣ
ȥɡǣ֣ĩƿԺţ˽ȥ
լԺСһܿȫòȻܿ˾סʰغܸɾǰԺյذ˸ɫʻǰò𴮳ɵΣһ紵𣬺Ǻÿ
ĩƿ𴮳ɵƿţĿаΣӦŮӵĹ뷿
ɻؿĪͷң̹׵ģأˣ
ǳĩתͷ㿴һɵؿʧЦ˴ӡ󣿡
ҡҡͷȻ뵽һܣʵѵס
ǡνס˴
ĩ˵Լס˺棬ʼĴ
г趼б䣬ʱ˻ɨ㿴ʲô
񻨴ͬ˵ģԼΪ׺ԩǰһʱ
լԺ¾ǵʱԼǵ֮ˡ
ʵдɻܶ࣬ûȫʳֻǴ˾ĺ汻̶ȣ֪Լĩνɻµġ
ôţҲôˡ




ǰΪԩһϾԵɺ££ұʶġ
ĩнǰ֮ľԵͬ˵һ飬ǽɻ
꣬Ȼһı飬˵Ҹ׵ԩǱɸ󣬵һص֪Լԭ
ӡԼĸɵĸ׳̴˽ΪǹӼͬͬĽʿ֮ǰŸεΪЯͬŵ֡
˭뵽ͱӵģƽεĳ̴ˡ
֪ͨбǻ೸ĴڣжҲ顣ʮٳ֮£ֱδ˱̫ãһֱûܷұ׽£ӿ
ⷽȴҪĶࡣĩв飬˲ûнɸŮΪ˴ﵽĿģδ˵
ֻ֪ԼĸΪ̴ϣ˲ű̴˸ݣгĩڣŻΪġ
ֻǵʱҲʶΪλң룬ɸ׼ȻܽĩУ֮䶨нܵϵŶԡ
ȻɲԸޣҲ׵ɳĩл֮䶨ȻǷʲôתìܲǡ
û뵽ĩиĴȴ:Ϊʱһ飬Բž㡣
ظƬ̣Ƭ̺ŵ:Ѱӡ
վ飬һ顣һҪУδ
Ȼֹһô򵥣һҲȴԡĩǸգСϣЦ⣬ٯüĿ뻭һ㡣
ʱʵ֪ǿӽԼֹסϣһһӡ
˶Ū˼ʵ벻:ʵңƫƫҳգһ飬Ҳ֡ңǲԼ
˵ƽ޹һ飬ԭԼµĽ
ԼòǲɣϾʱòȻδ˵ۣҲڸǲסģʱû˲ÿĿһ򲢲ʲô¡
ᵹûʲôУֻʵ󲻳Լŵȥ˵ĳϾúÿͳˣܻΪһ̸
Ҳôûڴأ˫ֵڴϣ΢΢ͷעųĩС
԰ǲԼ
ϸϸ룬ػص⵹Ҳǣֻܾû˻Ϊһ֮µĶʧȥԭֵѣ֮ǲǻʲô£
⼫Ϊ֪̽ĩԼȻΪʧȥġ
ĩԼҲû˵ٻһ鲢٣µҲûʱһɲĶʹɥʧȴġ
ֻ֮£ȥɱ㲻ô绨ѩ°ˣĩ㵽ΪֹΣǺõĲ𣬰Щָ󣬱ȻȻˡ
㲻˵ôָأʮǶٴźģþôߣлֻԼ䡣
ʱӰ׷ʲݣȴҲǺΣյġ
֪
ĩдŵΣգ֪κ˶һؼ䣬ʧһƬãȻĸоúܼ尾
룡նػص
ϱͶһƬӰ̧ǳĩ޲۾ʼˣʱȴûʲôˡ
˴ϣǳĩеͳɤһ鲻ʧȥǣվȴԡҳܹ֮񣬱ԺӣµŴϡ
ܹ֮񣿡һʼʵĺ壬Щӳĩж£ȻͬʱҲ״ǣǡ⡭
ʵûʲôرڰĸǰ
һʱ˲֪λ档
˵һ˼ҵĹδǰͬ򲻸õģǳķЩƺͱˡ
һ뵽ԼΪ˾ȸŻ£Ȼ֣ס˳ĩеĲӣأǸҲʵⰮ𣿡
ȻͷһǺ󣬳ĩֽ΢ҵͷˣڴ˴йܹ֮񣬵մʱȴǺʱ룬Ҹٴ
ָһ̹ȻģĳĩУȻְѸǰȥĳ嶯
˭Ƚ룿
ôĹˣ
лҪ˵Сè

ѹ

վɾȷʵֻǽг̵һֶѣȻɫǰĩȴǰѳסˣЦ߷ߵǣ֣Ӵ
ֻջһطҪȥ룬ұ˴סһ󡣡
ʵģֻΪͬ˵£浱ǰ˲ɣþ֣ͷһۣҲŲ룬ҪסԼס˵߳˷š
ɸտż㱻ĩסڶͷ棬ĩк죬ʧǰԸס죿
һ̨˳ĻʹСӣȻ˳̨ˣȻôˣҾΪѴӦˡ˵Ҫȥһطȥİ
ѵٲñǻʺʧǰ׼Ѿã˷ȥȡġ
Լʧǰµģ¡
ֻǵųĩп䱦Ϊʺ׼Ĺ״󣬲⾪̾״͸ϣǳԴֻ֣֮ǲ֪״ɹôģ
״ɹԭˮУΪ״ɹСסˮ£ŷԡիʮգŴʦ̫ԽֻǷȱʱķ䱦ͷܹɽ̴ľ̺ʵĵֻǰղ깤ԽձǰظС
ĩ뵽ǰˮʮգԼҲһȥիһ㣬嵭ؿԣ¾;Ժѡ£Լ
뵽ԼΪ״ɹ񣬾ǻĹԼһһⲻˣܸԸիʮգɼģԹͷĻʺĺ棬ʺǸˡ
Ҳû룬ĩѾ˽״ɹдظУǣ̧֣䱦ڶ¥ݡ
䱦ڶר鱦Ϊ䱦ıǾ޶ΣҲ֣һЩ˹Ů˴䣬ûгԼΡ
û̧̨ףͬ£ǰҼҷ˿е֧÷ѩôˣ
ҲǼ߸ŸۡķСģһŮӦֻػص֧Ǳ¥ƷԲۡ
Ҽҷ˾ҪأŰм˵ĸоˡ
ĩԣüͷգȴиزС
ûе˼ֻó֣һ̨ףͷȥ
պöԷվ¥ݿڶ棬ǰĸŮɫţȻ棬ΧţԶԶվںͷ
ԭֻôһû뵽ͬ۵ĸŮȴֱӰϡ
ЩŮ㿴ЩɻҪ֪ԭñֻñ۰£ڽ䱦֮㻻͸ɴЩӦΪ˲㿴Ҳ˵
ɻʱͷŮɫݵָķ٣ǻƵ㷽˵֧÷ѩ䱦ƷôλͷϴŵǺ
ȷŮָԼЩΣ˳ôһôˡ
ң˵ġ÷ѩ뵽ԼͷΣĩвǰ÷ӣ֧ӵ־ͽС÷ѩˣ̧ͷ˳ĩС
ɳĩƺûŮһ㣬ǣ֣ӵشһ˹ȥȻûЩ˵һ¡
ǻƼ˱ţϽͬŮλΪ˶Ƶġ
ʢߣ˭֪ԷʲôͷѻƵУ˼ҵġ
ƻ˵ˣҲЪˣɶԷȻͷСҲ˿ҿһ˵һ˵˼ҶƣڻԣȻҼҷˣҼҷȿеġ÷ѩˣ
ΪǹҪƵģǷСûбҪǣʵ䱦Σ˲ѡģ䱦ҲˣһμôˡǴŵĩǣһɰѻͷԼ
ţٴλͷȥȴŮȴҲסλҼҷ˿ӣ֪λ˿ܸתãҼҷԸ۸
һǳĩΪضģʮҲҷһ⣬ܹˡ޷
ߵƺ²ӣǣؽֿͬĩ˵һ飺ҵģٶǮҲ˵ˣֲȱǮ
ŮԸãϿʼÿ˿֪Ҽҷ˭Ҫ֪СԵ档
ɱȨѹѽ
Ҫ֪ڸղ֮Ѿ͵͵ʹĩУǼھеλôõԺߵĿ϶Ҳһѡ


Ѫ

ͬȨѹһأѾǰҵǰֿ֪ҼҼҷ˭
ЩŮԲ⣬ȴŸ
֮ԸţҪΪҷԸҿųᣬҲȨеСˣһҵԾǵˣҲֲ
ϾСçײ£гȴ֪ʣ֪ҷ󣬿ֻǷķݡ
״СʳĩеѵʢѫǸ𣿡
ԼӱǿӲЩƺҲ˵ͨˡԼȦӶͷҪ۸
ĩƺǿ룬ĵػ˾䣺Ӳˣһ۸ͷϣԷİɡ
ĩеĻûһѹͷ֮ԱܰĲǰ㣬ĩеĻȻڳ˵ĶУ֮ȻЩŮԼλޱķˡ
ЩŮ̬λҲʲôƢ֮ˣԭ棬ȷûѳĩз顣
뷨Ůһ±ҲǼСѣ˵ġ
Ȼ˲ûΪλԸеλķ˲̹ˣԳ棬úýѵһЩ֪صС
Ůˣô˸Ӳ֪˻ΪְȨءͷСǲ֪˵棬òӦʮңп̧ߵϣ˿̬ȿν
ƲƲ죬ⶼԱˣ˵ȨˣȻǳʥϵãձ֣ǻȷλС
ųĩУ뿴̬ȣϾְ˽⣬ĩӦʶġ
ɫδΪְԱŶı䣬ǽְʵԳǴҸĸܽҲɣ
ְ͵ͣ¸ϸעãϵ̬νһɲǼ任˸
Ҫݣڿһ㿴ǣֻ޲Լƾʧ˲źá
ɵûƾʧֻһǿЦϽزȵҲңۻû뵽˾ˣͻλʵʧ񡣡
ҪǸҴĩиĸܽҪҪˡ˭˲֪޺׵ĸɱģƫƫʥϻһ̻Ϊַʥװã汻˺ʲô£ʥ󻹲Ǹ߸£װԩǲԩ
Ϊְ뻹Ҫһ᳤ļӣ˭벻һˡ
ĩǸ̬ȣֻʵҷ˵ӣɻҪ
Ƿ˰ܶͷãǼŮֱɲ£һȥȻ𷣣ġ˵ţݺ˼ͷǼŮ
ЩŮԭȻһ̬ȣᶶɸһ㡣
ÿߣҪȨƲ˵׼ˣǲ
ҲԼҸۡȨƣ˸൱ѵ֪
Ҫ֪ӡеһȨвɫ֪ģֻһ£ȻбԼҷĹжûи׼
ְ̬ȱ˺ı׼
˲δһСϣ˼ҼȻǸǼŲҲûʲô˼Ҳ˻顣
ǳĩǣһͷȥְ
ְͲǱٸźãһһŮɲ˭˭ù
ܾ֮࣬ʹŮţûĶûˣϽߣûû
.
һֱĩУһϵӣղ˵ǶƵģΪ
ǰ㶨µģʱѾˣҲ֪ƹΰ£¶ǰ뵽ְ˲֪ǿĩ䱦ֱиز
䱦һϽ
ֻԺ󣬱ʹ˼䣬գ䱦иƹܣкá
Ȼ޷£ҲΪ˷ģгֻѪһ
Щ֪飬Ϊ֮ĩһѵ鱦ΣۡʼЩˡ
ûѶӻլۡᱻ
лҪ˵ΪǷѾ氲Ϊ氲ϵı΢ߣСɰСָղһ¡
ԡ氲л



㲻ôθңֲȱδ
ױʱԼɶѵ̵κʵ㰵զһ
ʱǶԳĩеĿ־壬ͷûԼΪŮ˵ĸֻ̾Ǯˡ
һչԼŮ˵ҲʼԼﶼѳɶѵ鱦ΣֿĩкƲҪǮãˡ
ɳĩȴ֧ͣͷϱȻ뿴ı߲źÿ
Ȼ˰ܼӵĹӸļĳ޴ִŻǮĻϽסĩе֣Ĺˡ
֣ĩŷգּһÿԩͷ۹⿴Ȼ׹׺Ȼ˵ײС
ʵ䱦µĲҵԼҵĶҪۡҪǰܼңµĲҵҲһֹĩкٹʣϰΪˣһʱ䶼Ǹ䱦ԼҲҵ¡
ȴ΢㶣ֻ䱦ǺµĲҵԴʱֻǾںѾ˶ԶԶԤƵĳ̶ȣõ̻ܿ治٣Ϊһȫʢӡ
Ҳǰûˣֹ֮ܿĩпɾθĶ
˵Լҵģɿ꿪꣬ǮҪģѵÿˣʲôǮ
ӦŮݺ³ĩٿƲסͷ϶ѶӣС˵Լˡ
ôŻǵȰ˴ȥ˵
䱦ʢֵĵضΣܱ߲¥ǲ١
ڳĩ߽һǳľ¥ͷ·صһӵƲʽһԵģ˲²⣬ǰǲǾҾ¥Զ
Ҿ¥ҲµĲҵΪ¥ϰȻʱ¥ġ˵ţĩмһ
֪Լһȫʢ֮ٵ֪Լи¥Ѿ޷Ĳˡ˵˵ЩҲǺĲҵиͳɣ
ǺġǰĺֻµĲҵʱ۲ֵ´ѴѵĽǱһͬԶϱĲҵͼıûǵóѱˡ
ҵģΪĩЦôǮӣ
Ϊη˹δæڹ㿪ʼѧƼδ٣ٺ»ʹȴ٣ټηĸһ壬޸ǲ٣ҲǼҴҵˣˣθļҵھиȴ£˵һʢĵضοˡ
һӦǳĩںء
˵ǰҲͶ˲֣Щҵȷʵһְģû˿ϵ
ĩвںЩסˣһְµģ
ԼмＸܲθĲҵǲףҪʱ㣬ʢѲҵҲǿУɫ⻹
뵽Լļ䣬Ϊǻ˸֮ʼҲ²ŵ˵Ҹò᲻ʧȥ֮ļ䣬ѹͻ˸˰ɣ
һ˵꣬ͷ˸ųĩҲ̲סЦı죬ŶͷؿųĩСЦ˵ġ
˼ëһģһҪҰ㵱˿ʵЩѡ
ĩвµӣ̲סȻûǿеңڵܴԼ˵Ǹ˲ңѵûо
ʱģڳĩʵڿɰĽһӵλãĩϸķ˿ûһɲģҲûܳױһˣ㿴ǿе㲢㣬ҿԺȷŵ˵Ǿ㡣簮ʳȲأ˯ʱϰ߰ԼһţʱϰҧԼ촽һܴ䣬ϸ΢֮ȴɸģҺܿ϶㡣
һûһܹЩҵϾڹܼһϣ̫
ҲҪ֪ЩӲһһϦġ˵꣬ĩ뵽һЩ£Щпȴм䣬طӦҲ𡣡
ô뵽ԼܹȫȻˣӵϴۻ࣬ϻ£ȻЩеˣͨͨȥ
۸סĩмһ⣬Уڳԡ
лҪ˵ΪǹŴܣŸû뵽ȴǴǹøŵǮָŻġǺεȵĲҪεȵ˷ָ



жѳСɽһʳƫƫԼԵģȻϾٶ룬ֻŬĩвϸйʳ
ڽеʳ꣬ЩŵֱˡԼľ¥ȵɫζĳԼ⡣
ĩȥǵķֵһʳĲݸɻȥĵط
СںʳĲģζ㲻ĩеĻ롣
ʵЩδǴ˿ɫȴˣ󣬵Ҳ֪ûȥˡûˣǻȥɡ˵ҪȥͭͬͷԺСסҪȻȥʰʰɡ
Ҳá
ظҲæվڱϿǽЩԼȫûӡװͷԼûٿ¹ʰȴĿԡ
Щ·ȴûһǲԵģÿŶúÿɫƫŨЩЩҲʼɫŨҵ·ԼѾȫòɫŨҵķʺԼ
йﲻΣȻôÿôˡ
ֻǵ齫һȹ¶޳ŵһʱǰȹ£ԭɫȥȹԵøӵĳ¾ɡ
飬ȹӦкܶ˰ɣ
Ҳ˰ɣԭū澿¾ɣ׼ҪӣǷȴȹؽūǧСģĪҪСĻһˡ
ԼزԸȹȹ˿ƺر֮ȹѵҵģ
ȥԭƺҲֻôһˡ
ȴ˵ƺδ͹ȹȹūϸϸ룬ҪԴͷƺʱһշ˴ϸг󣬱ȻˣūȹӦǳϡʱֻСһǰū澲շʲô
ϣǲң˵ĸˣѪ
ȹһһ˵ˣǱֻмλˣôԼ֮㱦Ϊԭ
Ҳ֪ҵΣ
ǣм飬뵱ǰݺүţûϻڿɡ
ʲôûǰ£ԭΪһδһ£Թ۶ѣϾηѾ꣬û׹ϵάϵǵȷû񣬴嶼дĿǣҲʵǿǡ
û뵽ǣǲæˣȻ侮ʯ
Ҳǣ㣬ԼҲѡһ·
ֻһ飬ԼΪλҪһֱȹأ
һû飬ȹһۣ㶪һߡ
ҹֿʼΡ
ȹȺ裬ʱȹɫδʣ˺Ⱥ׷ñɱ壬ֻŭˮ۵תǿ˻ȥ
ɴɴһ鰲οԼ
ɴһֱ߶仰һԵĳĩ˹

УĩкȻȺΧһץס󣬡
ĩеĻۡһŶĻС
ĩḧıôˣˣ
ųĩеߣظ֪Ų£ҸеԮ·һˣ֮Ǻޣܡ
£һһֱߣֻǸΡ
ȴҡҡͷҺȻЩǰˣܾһҵ˶ķѡʧ䣬ΪǰһЩ顣
ĩ̾˿οǾͲȥ䣬ֻҪסһһֱ߾͹ˡ
ΪһεԭԭȥͭͬСסļƻȻˡ
һյξвʮֵĲ
һԼǸοʲôʱףԽԽ̲ס
ȱǵȺˣǧǸ˰ãģģҲǰչʾ輧飬ǰ裬ݡ
ԼȴȺǰ費˵Щ˵ҲƺԼѰ輧ǰԴ
ǵʱԼľ̵ˮǳ貢ԼԸ֮ǰԼԸòԭ򣬿Ҳֻи׵ˡ
ǵ˵Ǽȹϸۡ󣬲еġ
һ²⣬ʱԩһĶȻΪҵһ壬Ҷһݸһ²֪顣
һǻȻٽŮպ裬뽫׸Ȩ󣬴ӶһʸȨ󣬵õô
Լԭ򣬿ΪʱһλȨûԼһļƻգԼڻؼ֮δ¸ˣ鶼֪Լȥһʲô
лҪ˵²èĶ˭

ʧ

ԼȹʵΪжϲΪʱԼҪǵյ裿
ˣֻĥԼļš飬ҰǼȹ˰ɡ
ԣδԣذȹõԺյʣµ̻ȫ
֪һնãĩԭ䣬ȴҡҡͷѹûʲôȥͷ䡣
Ϊ֪ǸΣļ䣬飬̶ܹܴȵӰ顣
ڳĩл㼱еʵ֪һ𣿡
뵽ҹȣĩ³ϻظʣӦʲô
֪ĺܺãײ裬ҿĴ˫ֶع
һο裬ʲôʱ򣿡˵꣬ЩԼԼö˶˵ôˣʱôܻϸۡڡ
ĩвİɥɻ󣬵ѹ
Ӧǰɣҳһգʢۼ裬ʱȻˮƱ̲ӣˮжĵ׷꾡ɢƽһ֧衣
ԳĩеĿ佱ֻʩôÿԲĩ˵һοĵصʢ֮ﵹһò
ôҹǸʲôˣ
ΪҲϰ裬εҾЩת䲻ĺܺãûϰ裬Ҳ֪⼫佲빦ףǴСϰ裬ãڶûϰļ䣬ǰʱҲʮˣһٳɵ裬ܺÿĪڰοңҵġ
ĩδ𣬶ֽ鷢˶󣬿žС΢΢̵ĺ촽Ͳգһ¿۾ͷһǣûƭ㣬ĺܺá赸ϵ츳ֻ֮ǰδ裬Բѡǲţҿ֣㶨衣
ξʵЩִģҪˣţʲôõļ
Ҫ󣬳ĩһǸ͵ģҲá
ԣСè뻳һ굽ĩеĻУ͵͵ģģƵģôʲô˳ҰҾƢҪˡ
ɢµķ˿ĩеҲ飬ޣҲ˳㣬˳˭
оԼĻһţңԼõķһֱڣá
ĺ𣿳ĩǵЦͣˣһֱ˽ģŻԥԼҪҪһļ䡣
ʵԼĸԶǵĲŶ԰ɣ˵㲻ʱͬҲԼϲ
ԼʵûڸоôãĺУд˿̰´档
гĩߣܿɢ˸ɾƺֻҪܿͻúܺúܺá
Եѵһءֵһֻɬ֪µСèδҧϣֻ˸о飬¶ֻ֪˻ܹջƤŴֻҪջءá仰һͷ
ҹĩвҹǰ㣬ǹɵؿԣҹڲ඼ûһСèˣˣձǻʺҪ׼ܶ£빬Ҫߵдʱž˯ǳ˱ã빬Ǽ尾
֮ʧ˼䣬ڳ빬Ȼǡ
ȻѾ빬ǹɣյһؽЩ˯ž
˷ȥĸO@ĩֽڻУô˯
ҪЩ˯š
ĩл뵽һδʱҲշת಻˯ǲǽţƫƫӲϣڵҲһû˯š
ϵͦ죬֮ǰľ飬ǺðضࡣĩԴյߣвҪǲ˯Ҿ˯
뵽ԼΪ֧˯ȥˡҪҽ춼ͲģҪô
Ǿ͸Ͻ˯
ģҧŴŵòٶɲʵܣܵĻô˯ţ
һ˯š³ĩϽ˯ţ˵Ựɣ˵˵ž˯ˡ
ȻǰǴһ㣬˯ű˵˯ҲҪ˯ϣһֱûб
ôأֻ¡ΪΪ˯˵ʱ򣬳ĩ˵ˣ˵ɣš
ĩûʼôʵкܶ໰Ҫ㣬ǰǲ֪Ϊʲôһʵȴǡ
׼ĩŴɤ˿١˵ʵĶ˵ˣʼ˯󷴵ȳĩһ˯˹ȥ
߾ȵĺĩв¹ҴñǣָǼһ£Сûĵġ




˵ڶգ컹û˹ҪΪ˯ͷʱΡ
ΪҹʧߣŽʱ佫ƫƫֽæҳһţ·ôҲ꣬ôҲ᲻á
Ѻ󣬸ϽƿͷȥɫδһƬЩģ׼´ϸ
ɻûüѽŷȥͱԵĳĩиһס󡣡ɫ磬˯ɡδ˯ѵľ⡣
ԹԹⶼûˣһ˯ͷҲ˯Ƿ˷˯ĳĩУ۾һգգһ¡
Ҫ˵ĩб㶢ţ˯ţǾͲˡֻۣΪϽۼµ̾˿ˣɡ
ͷŵŮݿʼźϴ
ҲΪԼʱҪ빬ݼźŮǣһޱѸ빬Ҫھģھׯػһһ㣬ΪҲΪ
ڷϸƽǰࡣ⿴ž;۵ûţƫƫһָʮĴ뷢ٺܿΣ׺챦ʯͷ棬ǽĽĻˮ֮òھɫѹȥվھǰҷ˵Ǿԡ
Ǳ߳ĩбʰظЩ˳ţʱи࣬һж̫˸Լܣûʲôô
˻ӣЩŻʣͬĳĩУ˳䣬εʱεԼˣԼѣû뵽ҵױٶô죬ҾˣҲϵϡ
·ĩ˵ЩʱҪ빬͢Ȼֽţ´δɲΪţ˯Ҳ޷
뵽ĩ˯ȴΪԼȴЩε򴽽ǡԭȵһ빬ǲҲ
ǻȷȷʵʵˣŵ˯һ£϶ﶯֽҲһԭֻЩûҪ֪ˡ
ǰˣȻңһڹſڴ˰ʱ硣
Ϊĩһ˵ſ飬̲סڡһЦ˳
𣬴˰ʱ磿ǽɵЩţҿɲٴʱˡ
ֳĩѹƭأʺǧٵ㿪ˣʸǰΪʺٵģҲⵡġڹſڴ簡Ȼ˽˹ϯ䣬ˮдš
ټ󹬵һǺȲ裬һѹŮ̫С۵ؿ㣬Ҳʹ쵽ȥ
Զ˶øҵ빬ʱ䣬õٳţȲһѷض¹ǰԵӵҲھһ˴۵С۵ظȲ衣
Щ˻ᴦãԳĩƵضԹţ˲Ŵʹȥ
빬ǰҪǣĩе̧ĿϵĻʹţܣǸﵹˣϧȥûһʶġ
׼ջߵʱһʶӰ۾
ϸϸ룬λĿ
ӷǳʢ˵Ϊ뿵ϱϵĽҲ
Ψһһζӡ󣬾ǿһգڰݼ꿵ԶԶһڷ˶ͷһ洫еλͬƽ׽ˣЩЦòϵ˶η
δǰݼȻԵ˿
ʱһοһŮˣӡȶԳҪӼЩ
ĿѾǿˣ˵ôȥ˶仯οʱĿѾʮмȻʮ仯ǲܵģɱ֮ǸЦӡȴֺδ䣬ҲΪһ۾ϳԭ
һֱעתͷ㿴
㿴˹ʱԭԿЩŵ˿
ߵǰȴǸЦһЦ
ûӦжº͵ԶղŹ飬ջŷǰʱ⣬Ҳ֪Σ
ļʵĿͷղͬеĹпŵʮֵĳ⡣
Щ̫Ӧͺñһ㿴һհЦѧŸԵڶŪһֻèĻ㶼֪ʲôӦ
ӡҲû̫һʱͣٺҲܺܿ췴ӦĹգ޴󰭣лġỹ֪֮λûб䣬ǺƺͲˣǾСôʡ
δĲԾ뵽δˣ㸸׻֪飬Ȼ׼üôʢ㡣


ƽ

ᵽδˣϽصɻã
һؾǰǼδһ棬ŵͦҪ˵δҲǾ󡭡
ʱˣĩʱ˿ȥҪ˵Ļ
ԣס˻⣬תЦЦңòˣ໰Щջʺǧٵȷ󲻵ãҸԼһ𡣡
ſڵȷ˵ĵط
ͷʾһԼĵʱʱӡҲı˺ܶࡣſıӰСʵ֮ǰϵܺã
ǻĩȴټĻ⣬תǣ֣߰ɣǽ
ؾ쵽˳ĩϵı仯֮ѵϲԼ뿵нҲ˵ͬԼĹϵܲ
ԭһٽӴһ¿ģϯλһܸ˼ȴҷص߶
ڹ뿵˵ͷʼŻʺнڼصû񸮴ٴ죬ɵǻʺٵĵĵطأҪˣϷֵĲʹҪҪˣȻҪʾ֭ȥõġ
Ȼǹַ輧Ϊ˻ʺǧٵһǰ㿪ʼµĸ裬Դ˴θ˶Ŀһ¡
ϰڷŵĹϹˮõҲϵȹƷ
ǰĹͷժ˿֦ͽ֦ˬǺóԡʱ˵֦֮ʱ֦׻ͺǲףӡҲͳһء
ٳⱻζһ֦һ롣
ȳĩע⵽ʱס׼̵֦̫֡θ
ƽʱǺ˵һˣԸˣȻ뷽跨ͷʳɡ
ҵɢȥٳԡ˵ţתһѡɳԹ֦ٳԴѣǱôˡ
ͣס֡
ʱʥʺҲͬЭ
ʥǻûǰſ˸ߺʥ˽Ͻظһͬ¹
ϯλǿǰпλʥǰ벽Ĳ߹ĸǰ󣬱λˡȫ꣬ܻ׼ϯ
ֻобǰһƵĿ⳯
ʵֲƵĿ⣬ϯѾյĹˣ뵽⼸ܵĹԭԼΪԵЩġ
ܣɴ˿̵Ŀ⣬ѷǲƿ棬˵ǳӵĿҲΪǵĿȥһŻװŮӣֻòƫڷĹװʹԭòЩοĿŭԵЩ̱룬оЩ죬߿˿
ŵ̫ӣ̫ӣȻˣλԼдڵ̫ˡѹ۹еĳ֮ôǿˡ
̫޶ðջߣƫƫ̫ߵ̫ҲʱĿͶ˹ڽӴߺ󣬳ЦЦ
һʱ䲻֪ôӦԲźãԵ̫ӣ̫ܰˡ
ĩеʱջߵɡٿǶԷޣתͷ˳ĩС
ֻĩһѣͽУѡ
ĩѾƤһͽУ΢ζüͷᡣ
ǾͳԲˡʥϻʺŷ׼Ĳȱһ̶ĩùһǰŵǴ⵽
ļᣬƽԵǴ⣬ЩûθڣԹôҳİ
ȥбᣬĩǿЦ⣬͵ҸտڳѣΪϲǴ⣬㲻Ҳϲ𣿡
Ұ֦ôң뵽̲ĩٶ֦
˵ˣ̫θ
˭һԶޱȵķޡ
һĻ̫ʵޱȡƾʲôˮļ.ˣǰŹ̫ӣܺװ޶ģ
˵ӣ˿̹۲죬̸ֹȷྶͥžЩӣ
̫ҵܣҲӣ½˰꣬Ǹ߸ˣҪǳԡ
뵽ˣ̫˼ƽϣΪ̫̫Ӳ㶯һ£׼ʮκβѵԸһȺͯСɵ
лҪ˵Ȼ࣬ʮϻǺܴģ̫Ǳing

ƫ

̫תͷߵ̫δεĺ꾫ջߣŭѵ£檿ʱҲˣҲøĸ˰ɡ
̫Լǡ
̫䲻ϲ̫ƶŭֻҪ̫ݵ£ǺܸеصġЯ̫һͬϯλ˫˫ǰΪʺǧ
̫Ӵͷ֮λٵλ󳼿ʼ׷ǰΪʺ׼ʱ
̫ԭȾһֱһֱôµģܲڵȵӷ׼ǰ֮󣬳ˣ˵Ϊ뵽״ɹӷΪ˻ˮիʮԱġ
̫һȻó˶ͶĿȻܳիʮգ̵̲˲˵̵ס
̫뵽ŶԼǰӣ˵ԼĺûȻûô򵥡δֵúܽЩãȻؿ̫
̫״˵ǰЩӳ£ҲΪ״ɹ˵Ǵ˷˶ĸһƬ⣬ɽյĸҲδЩ̫ˣ
˵ĩаʧϢжû£ȴǴҶ֪ġ
״ɹ˵ʥʥȾѪ͵ʺǰǾͲ̫ˡ
̫Ӳõص̫ʱ˵ɨ˵
̫ڿ̫ľжĶϳЩԹ̫²̨
һ˵ˡ
̫ﵹǸġĩг̫Ļ̣ڳ˽֪Ҳ֪̫ͬ˭ģܰԭ״ɹϣҵҲʴֽһ
̣֮ΪЩµȷǴҶ֪ġ֮ѱгƻڱķɳ޳ǽء
״ɹôһԭ򣬿ɱ̵ԭͺñȴ콵שͷǶשͷˣȴ˰ӣǰӲ㶪޹ʲôûȴƽױ˺˵
̫Щ̫ñͷܸûƵĳĩС˵ĩб裬ǲãȴҥñӴͷϵģ裬Ҳ˰ķ裬Ρ
ӼҪֽ̣ҵҲȫ˰ɣ˵̺ӣ¿ģ
ӣ̫һһƬ֮
Ⱥﾫ߶һˣӣµЩ˼ˡ
оĿ⳯Ͷͬ飬ɻ󣬵ĶֻĿ⡣
ӲЩЩѿĸо
ڴʱֱսתͷǳĩаԭѿõ˰߻أʲôúµġ
֪ʧǰôӦֶģЩӴģһο
̫ӿҪãƽ˵ӣͬ購ɵʲô̫ɳôҲһӷˣ⻰ʵ棬ʥϣǻһźá˵ţ׵ʥʺһ
һҲ뵽ʥʺɶأ˭֪ǻʺĸң˵̫ǲ͵˵ʺ
ǻʺٵ̫Ϊȷʱˣʧִ硣
̫ʥϻʺ״Ҳ˲ȥԼ鱨Ƿ󣬡ĸ󣬶ûУֻ˵ӷӣһһ¶ѣӷ˾С
ҵ̫˵˭˵ģ
ȻǷ䴫ԡ
һ䴫˵̫㼵ʳԣûı̫ӵµأǰЩʱСɶ˵̫Ϊ
һᵽСһԼйأ̫ʼſڴƻƣС麮ҺιأС̫ҽҲΪӺĸӷҪΪ
ֻЦЦȻ̫ѵû𣬳˵ˣ䴫˵ġ԰ɼ䴫Ųã̫Ժźãڻʺٵϱ˴꣬ɨ¾Ͳֵˡ
ıõ۵ԼͷϣƮƮ÷䴫Խ˹ȥ̫޵ҧҧ˭˵ӣ¿Ӳû˵ĻǰҪ񶾡
ӷ˵û̫Ժ󰡻Щ䴫ԡʵҲû飬ûҪ˴˺ģȥŰɡ
ʥʺԭȲڹ۲ķӦǴ̫ҽ֪˷жԣȷ˼ӣ˲ֵļ䡣ҲֻǶ˲ּ䣬˾ͳɵˡ
ʵ뿴ڵ״̬Ӧ̫ĵѡ˷Ӧ̫ԡ
۴滹˽ĽǶȣ˶ƫЩġ
̫ǡǡǿһ㡣̫ƺĶʥϻʺƫҲ
εºܣͨеŮˣһӾƾʲô
лҪ˵Ҫղأ룡

Ƭ

ǲʺ󶼷˻̫Ǳǿ£뻵˻ʺٵˡ
߷߻صϯ䣬ȴ̫ؿһۣ̫֪̫Ӷŭˡ
£檡
ĸٵ֣Щ飬Ȼȥ˵
ͬĩлϯ䣬ֻ̫һ׻£ŵı֦ٿһۣŰһǣ뵽̫ԣԽԽߡ
ԼǰǿˣԴҪ˳ǲǱ۸׵ķݣ뵽̫Ҳûֵã˳Щ
׼̧꣬ͼĩмһƬУⲻԡ
ųĩ˿Ӱ̬ȣ̾˳ĩе򣬹ֳˣֲˣԼǰǶ˺Ŷ
ĩмʼһڻģ֪ξѣܼʱӦǲףŻ飬ѱ޲ġ
ĵǹġ
뵽Ҳϣڷ̫ʱͲδ̬̫֮ʱͬһ²ؼ̬ȡ
ΪƲɾԼȻ̫ӡ
ĩְһ֦͵ߡ͵ߵ֦Ŀǲ
֦δԶθʱѻȥЩ޴󰭡
˵ûʲôθڣɶιߣȻóԵġ֦ζڿлԼԭŵ鵹Ƿࡣ
ֳϣǱҪһһ˼ɣصк鷳
ǣƲأܲĳأ
ҵűǡ
˵ԭﻹ᲻죬ڵ˳ĩеĳŵȫӷ˵Σͷ
ԣĩԸҲֻǵĸһ磬ͷ¡
֪Ӧպ󲻶ϵĶ͵ѣ㿴ҽֵûɣûǰķ緶
˵䣬лǰΣ̵üûٷͷʹַϽס˶ͷάסɫĲ䡣
ǿ̣ɫǿɼѿ࣬Ȼزĩе۾ͷַˡ
ɿסԴ֣˼û£͸ղŻôһ£ںöˡ
棿
Ҳ֪ģżͷһѣûд󰭵ġ
ĩмɫָŰȴ˳֦
Ȼ֤û£֦֮ԵԵ
ֻÿĩеĿƿʱԭЦ϶һ˿
ЩǰΣѾ˹εƬβ֮ǰǰ㣬һߣһκ飬ƬΣһʼû˼
֪ˣԼʵΪĩģϵԺϱ
ǵԼʹһοʲôʱʱ˵ʢ
ʵֱģϣסɻгĿܡ
ΪԼʱɴˣŲ֪Լ
ֻɴʶҹȥôʱΪλо
Ȳ˵һֱΪԼΪͶ·ŻǰʢѰҾȳ·ĩеġ
ԼδʢǰôԼǰʢĿģѵֱ׳ģ
ô˵һμ裬ʢȻԼ֧.
оԼһӵںߵĳʶǸԼӵˣҲδԼֹ߳
ڿǸʱǱѵͷ
Ѿ̫оĹϵˣѲɻеڶЩĩ֪ȥ
ΪʲôҪͷ֣ҲˣȴΪλЩ
ȥᵱʧ̬ǸϽͷеʳԼʱȥЩļ
Ϊֻͷԣ֪ǰͬʥϻʺȢΪ޵ʱ
ǵһƬȻź̧֪ͷȻ㿴һò̫ò̫֮ʤһŮӣֵǰͬʥϻʺл
Ȼɱؿ̫Ǿŭ̫º͵Ц⡣
ǸлȻһ¿ȥ룬תͷĩԼյе˱ƣƺԴ²̫ߡ
ڲһգգ֮󣬲תͷʵ
Ȼֳĩʵƽձֵǰ̹ϣһβ͸뷨
ܾã̫ӷ򸾣׮µĴٳɡ˵
лҪ˵żָڶʮԸҲǱĬиıġ



ΪӲǻʺĸѹʵĹϡ
ϣһ֣ڽǰȻ˽мλӣλѹʵĹȴǴӲ˵ġ
ɻ󣬳ĩнʵʥϵԭ䷢ޣֻ֪ʺʥǱۡԭ䣬պŻֶٱἰ
ֳĩ˵ⷬʱƺЩɻʺĸ۴ĸǶӦվĻʺǣӦֻǴɣ롣
֪ӷǻʺΪ̫ӷһŭһЦȴ̲ˡ
λʵ
顣ȥеİ⣬ĩгλϵ˿һۣһֻϡĻʵôȽɽһвǼѡ
ǻǼӰ𣿡ԻȨ棬ʲô̫£ֻܱ֤Լߵܰþ͹ˡ
Ҫ˵ӰӷˣӦϾͻǺˡ
ԭѳĩ仰̫ϣϾӼ̳оλ£ӷ˿ɲͳ˺ˡ
ֻû뵽ĩл˵ûãʺͬʥἰ˴¡
ʥϼȴ赶Ļ£ǳ檲ʥҪּһλѾãĩΪҲʱо˰ɡ
ԭĩ󣬱óоڴǱĩзĴţԹʷ൯Т֮ѳоλоһ²űһϡ
һ꣬Ҳ˿֤ʵǱģϷһ˾֪ʺᣬ˷ԣʥȻûһϵĵ
ʺޣȷʵˡʥ˵꣬ڰ´ͻʥּ󣬽ʥּһͬȥ
һʱ䣬յΧһȺ˵ĵأһ컹ûȥӷ˺ˡ뵽ĩзͬ˵Ƿ֪ˣ
ٵɢЯ׼뿪ȻӺͷһ̫࣬סˡ
үʺλܷһ𡣡
·
ڳĩ߽ܷڡʺܷβǰ㻪ȴ£ڹ˸˾ְ˷죬Ҫʱ޷΢΢⣬ǰڹ³ֵϲֵĻʺ
ʺʱѾж·ڣѰװźŶͷ滺һյƣ£ǽ
ԭϯûֱӻʺȫ̶ڻʺϵǴͷ˻ʺܷڳЩźĹ⣬ֻˣ̧Ļʺ
ʺȻʮһżиԲЦʱ˵չʮҲΪ˿ͨȣʱжλ˳к֮֮ȶׯ߹һһ׺֮׽ĸо
ϣҪЩҳǲ㣬ɢ磬лͬ˵˵ʺ˵ţǣ֣һɹ֮ɫ̫ҽ˵λºʧ˲ּ䣬Ҳ֪ڻϲϵң
Բڷйʢ£øһɶ
ĩҲˣ
ͷǻᣬ˭İ˭£ЩӴҲʼӦ
Ӧͺá䣬ɻָܻ
ڻָһЩǲ࣬϶ģҲ֪ʲôʱָܻǰȫļ䡣
Ҳã˵׼ʱһ»ָءʺ֣˵˺ЩĻ
ʺƣԭΪһνӴʺľһ·˵ЩԼһЩȤʺЦ
ĩڱϣԹԵصͷȲ裬ϱˣŷ²յ˵䡣
Ǽرչʱ䣬⳼ò뿪ϱ˿»һĻȥ
ڷʱʺ˺ЩĲƷ˴ȥ
û뵽ʺ֮ˡһ뵽ӴλǶȻ̫ĸĻʺĦһʱЩʺǳ
˹ţ˺Ͻĩйڶĸƹһ¡
ĩо֪סʵģ֮ȻǲǰĽɣ֪ȴ١
֪˵Ҳ޷ʡΪʺǺˣʲô֪㱻˿ɲá
ʥϼλɣֻ˵ãǰͷֵܶˣȵ۵Ѫֻʣһ.֮λֻ䵽ͷϡ
ֵûǰΪȵܳĻӣñЩǻҪ
лҪ˵ʼ߾ˣԣûǰ涼̵档
йգҸĶһ£ΪҲ൥д˰뱾ĵĴſʼģддžеǰľ飬ҪǷֹǰһģҪţͳһһ¡
ƽ
Уӭ׽桫



ĸܳ裬ԼֱһƧķأǽԼķãҪ顣
ǵʿŮȻѾû䣬ȴǵسĴˣصʱʥϣԴһ飬Ȣ˼
Ҳ⣬֮ϵһ׮Ե˭뵽¸սŲûգʥϵЩֵܱΪλһһ
ʱĵ˿ɲѹʵλǰֻ֪ɫ裬ھ쵽бʱע⵽ԶƫԶķأؼܱλֵܸ˵ϡ
ֻҪռǴ֮ײΪι̵άϵʽ
檲࣬òᣬһһŮΪֻʢ·;ңԶǰȥ̽ʱδȢޣ⽫ԼΨһĵճŮ޸뷨ܵǾ.ıҲΪһ·
˭ҲôصĹѾȢޡ
ܳΪʥϣȻǰ㣬ܹ״һƶ֮صƷ
ձȨǰѫ֮ңȫλ°빦
֮λŮϳǻΪ֮󣬳ʥǱۡʱķԭ䡣
֪ϴڵҲ޼ʥϻλȶٽ빬ʱʺʱѾ̫ӣλȹ̣ȻٳΣա
ԭʥϴΪȴлֻ˵ҵʥδ룬ܰ˲ԡ
ԴʺУԭûһûʿ֮Ůɵ֪Ͼʥ˵֮ⷬ󣬿ʼһζɱġ
ȲԸѲΪ󣿶Ůˣֻ֪ܲƭˣá
ʺδκεı֣Ǻ֮󹬲ߣֻûκδѰĻʺǱԻ˼ӣҪʲôķӦʥ˳ͻʧģǲŽ³ˡ
֮ϱСʺԴ˵̬ȣֻ˲Ʒҩʱϵ룬õҲǹĺõģѰɻʱ̬ȶԴнӴʱʥ϶һͬڳ
ʺ̬˱黳ԭȵݣ̫УΪһĶһ̥
ʱؼճԼɫ޵ٲȻһ竡
ϰǻʺ̣ɿԼܵӣϣֻܿա
ʥϵĸֻྴݣ֪ĻΣʥĻϡʱʧȥ̣ٵ»ӣȻһλᴦʮֱյ֮С
עãֲ˲ΪǱֻȥĸˡ
ʺɱУڵ֪ϴ˴ʱ߰Լˣȥ˺ܵϵΣ˶֣˭ܻɵͷϡ
Ϸһգǻʺ֮ʱʥϿһ̥̫ҽŽΪ֮ˣˣǳ⡣
ӺѪֹ̫ҽ޲ߣֻƾѪ
ĺúõȴȻѪʥϲûɹʺƲøɸɾǰЩӸոչȥʺΪ˿˺üΣСסһӣûʱ֡
ϵôǸ⣬޴Ӳ
ڹ޷֣Ӽģ֪һĺۼĨȥһ㡣
ʥΪ˰׸ոչȥĻʺ󣬲δϵӾٰ죬Թֺţ֮ʽꡣ
ĺӱʥϽ˻ʺʺЩҲһֱ缺κ˶
ʺҲδԶĸ£ӻλ֮ģҲ֡
ĩнƹº󣬺þûزǻʺΪǰƵĻʺ󣬻Ǻˣ
Ҳе֪֪顣ĩ뵽ʱϵĶ۸æж˸׵鷿¡
˯˹ȥ鷿˵ҳȥ¶ţ㱻ʺͬЩԻ
֮ԭųηױˣ϶ʱ򣬲һζܣǷ˷ط
ϵĶӱͷѪ۵ϸϽŶǰ״
֮Ȼٲһٴ򷣣ϵĺȴ۸ǺӣᳯʯͷתһĴߡ
һҲʮֹţΪ֪ôֻҪӣͲ¡


׽Ū

ϵĽ֪꣬ǣǷ֪ĸǱʺġ
ϾǻʺĸңһĶλĳͻȻ޷⡣
ʵкܶؼ벻ףҲĳô£ֻȷԼļңԼķܹöѡ
ʺסʥϣȻҲסӣԶжλ֮ģȴɱĸ֮ޡֻ˻ˮܱܿȲ˵˻ʺĸңǽջʺʥҳоǽƵǰ׼֣ȶı
ĩиշ꣬㿴ǵһƬģô׾ܱ
Щ겻ǻʺʥһֱϵڰĥ¶ĵ۶ϡ
Уʵм¡뵽ٵʱЩǰΣЩԥҪҪʡ
£
ȥϵĸۡ𣿴ǰ
ʱѾЩңԶĩһᣬȥʱյϢ뵱ʱ֪ᣬΪռǹϢΪûһнӴȥҲ϶ûȥ
ԭ˿
ôˣ
û£ҺȻһЩ£ϸۡһЩƬΣЩɻˡ
㿴ƬΣĩϳеӡƺδļ䡣
㵱Ȼûӡˡ֪ԭ￴Ļͬĩнһ顣
ֻǳڻеûзֳĩȻµ顣
ٴԼںӵƬŹո䣬òŵӡҳǰʢ֮ʣ֮ǰδʱļ𣿡
û
룬ԼʢĩһֱǰԼ˱˼Ȼס۾̫ӣȻ̫ĩкȷغ˵Լ̫ȫȻûйϵǸеˣҲԼĩųֵġ
ֻпԼʢǰ顣ˣԼ֮е˹Ҳ޾ôԼҲٹȥ˼ţǰ
ֻųĩеֱۣţ΢΢ͷ£ޱİ
ĩҲͷһǣֻǽգǱҪ
ǵͬյ̣˵ĳ嶯
ѵΪϯ϶ЩƵԵʣţΪҲЩƣڻʺϵǻṦ򻹲ȫɢᱻĩôһҲǰɬ
˻ظ֮·Ҫࡣ
ɫرĩдкᱧ£ʱ˫Уֻ࣬ƶ㿿ڳĩϣ֧˷
ɳҹ̶һ·θС˶ѡ
ڶʱѾˡ
΢΢ڱһ󣬱㺰˽źϴ
ĩмȳ֮λΪŮˣȻҪһصġ
еҪæʱʱٹСŮƵĺ
ıֻǽ귢̫£Ⱦ˫˫Тھ꣬עܴٴһˡ
ֻ˵ܴٴ죬ҪĵطͲ٣ɸѡ˴죬ų
֮Ҫô죬ôڲʧɵǰ°ĵ͵㣬ⶼҪԽĵط
˵η˹θܶòѧȥ״δйԺŮľ顣
ܹЩ̫ȣԼһȫЦͲˣǸǴʮֵľȥԴ
߶Ǹ˶ˣԭڴܼȨ󣬲Թܼ֮£òᣬӦģʱ򶼽һֲٰ죬ǱЩҪĸͨЩ
һȻΪЭȻ˲١
ĩлѾΪƣڿϣͨŮڰⷦ
ۣ̫ˣδע⵽ĩпֻĩͬŮ˸˿ˣŮ뿪󣬽ŮĻƣ
սӴָͲĲͬʱܽкĻ˭ûۣʵϲĩе־ԭŮǼ»ֻܽⷦԺ˯ȥˡ
ƺûôڶͷǼ⣬ȻǴϣ£Ͻۣǰ׽Ūһѡ




Ƶöǰˣܻӭ뷿֮Ȥˡ
˫Щ񣬿аŨңһʼĺµϲֻ˰£ĸʳ磬ǰ֮£ֻ֪ΰ˾ζһӶ䲻˵ġ
˯˹ȥ֮󣬳ĩз࣬Ϣƽָδ˵ľ֬ϸһ˲ָ˳ȥϸĲֻҪһ۶ϣƲסĸ飬Զ²֡
ת𱡱ظ˯Ŀ˶ϣ΢ЯΡ
֮ӣΪʽо֮󣬳ĩбǰҪæµ̫࣬Բʱ࣬ΪˣҪҲ٣ÿչ˼ˣҲ̫ġ
ûоҪ죬ֻЩСϸҪЪˣȴӵʺټ֮
ʺټȻܵϽҴױ棬С
һ죬ֻ֮ѰټǲƵһ빬ǰˡ
ȵ˻ʺУǿתǲżϰŵĵİ״ɹףһ۱ע⵽ˡ
ʺȻȺʱˣװϴλҪ⣬ţѾ˰յĲ豭ЦŴˡ
֪ʺּӺƹĻΪʺʱֳⷬׯᣬӶȫķ
Խ֪ʺ󲢲ƣŶЦһ׺͵Ļʺ󣬲֪ģܾһǵľԽԽǿ
ϲûбֳǵڶμʺе̬һжȣԻʺȵƶֵܳ
Ⱥѵز࣬ʺϲ裬ǳǳ˿ڣ촽˵һоͣ
ŸɥδȥҲ˴죬ЩЩֻǳǳҲûӡžڳܰˡ
Ը˵Ǿģܺá
˵֮ʱʺ˲յ̧ͷŵЦŵһΪã˵Ѿ֪ۡŮˣǰǰԡĩϵ£ҲЩٲܵӡˣⶼ֮£ѾޣǳҲò̫ࡣ
ʺֹƷвԾΪӣ
ǳɻ꣬ȴδãԭұ龩ҽȴһֱûܽӵõ£
ҲԼͬĩгɻ꣬ȴδӣΪԵδδԼп𣬲
һʱ䣬Щ֪ðڳʲôıźáֻܾͷڸסĲ֪롣
˼뵽Żʺò˵ǷΪøĩ
ܣһͷʮּᶨ
ǳķôܹˣñŮ˺һǰˣܡ
ڻʺҲֻô˼䣬δĴˣþգδٱʲô
뿪ʹ·Ͼ룬ҪԼӵײʲôģˡ
ֱʳĩУһԼȻʵ棬ǳ˹źóֱӸõĸҽãҴ򿴿
ҽóʱɫЩްû뵽Լﾹˡ
ǣͬ˵Ǿʱ˻֮ҩŵµУ庮
ʱĻ֮ҩʲôˣôģЩϽظҳĩԭ
е·ֺȻ侲˵ȻлãúõȫС
뵽ĩгоæҹЩô´ǻظʰһ飬ͬĩദУһ㣬δֳʲô
ҽÿʱû˸ţҽſںŵĸȴǿҽõģסĩС
ǸţĩбȥҽÿΪﲻԵʡ
˭֪꣬ۿģǿŵίһ̲סˡ𣬲е£֪𣿡
ǻʺͬ˵ģĩÿ϶ʵ
ˡ˵ţ̲סȥˣ˵Ϊ˻֮ҩԵʣΪ·ģɼȻ㶼ˣҲʣҶʲôҩΪʲô
Ϊʳҩ¹ңûܻ㡣˵ţȥᣬӵڻУԭһ˵õģӷģһβãԱ̫һҲϲֻͯҪһ˱㹻ˡ




Ī˵οҵģʵǳĩеĻھЩǿδˣҲΪϥӣйﲻѹ
ĩΪѪԳоⶨȻǲܵ¡ô붼ֻĿο֮ԡ
ο㣬㲻ɡǰұͬ˵ʱⲢκθı䡣
ĩеĻоͷȣ뵽ʺǷֹ֮ԣ׻޷ɡ
ʺƺԴ˺⣬ʱӦȰΪ檣׹˼ҵ棬û˵ȥ
ϿΪãҲΪԼ˽ĶҵĹûʵĽڡ
Ȼĩвãһ檵˼أ
ĺԺȷĩûͨңҲӲɣһֱûãûʺٹ˼¼檣ʱָӦԡ
ȫдϣóĩпһβ֪ǻʺΪ⣿ֻϣҪòźá
ü檶˵飬ѱʺ
ֻǺܶ£Ӧ֪Ҫ֪ģʵҪȸ֪Ķֻܶ࣬ͬ˵ûã֧ȴ÷ïʱһ̹ѪﶼŵǳϵѪλˣʺȻ˵ʲô
ˣŲپţɾĵȴӽõģ²Ϊӣܲһֱпȥɡ
ŹЩӵæо飬Ҵúÿǡ
˳оһգ˴ױ
;ѾǺ˵ıͲ֮࣬Щûٻ˼ԼϣͷŸ˵ķΣ߳ȥ˵ڹеĽ۹ﶼš
ױ磬ҲһǾеĳУЩ꽾Ȼ˲ˣ˻˾ͷòȻջĶǺ꾫ıľӶ࣬û޾˵òȻҲ˺꾫ġ
žеˣָԼ¶Сɵ°ϣʳָϣ´룬֬΢΢Ĩȣ纴䣬ٻ𣬻ȹϻBֻһһתǳЦؿŰ֮ĳĩУ̲סǰһ֬ζźá
Լ֮˱Լ㵹ǣסĩ֣˳ĻУ˵ƵĻȴ֪˿ɿܴ˷ջ
һǣȼ˻֮󣬸ϽЦŴ˳ȥ
ǳĩдӸտʼѹļⲻҪðĻݵӻߣСèȷʵԽԽˣ˵˺¶ʧľ⣬ֻ뽫/Ѫ֮Уٶʧźá
ʱҲȷֵʱ½ϵΪ˼ңа˶һߵĵ
ԭȥӻܿյزӣǻиʺĸҵڣֻͰ䡣ˣҲûԸ߿һۡ
ϷѾĻڷ˺ˣҳأļ޵ŮܿͷһǱ˸߿
Ϊˣպ磬Ըڡ
ɳĩȴһ義ǰǣѧδǸܼ֣Ҳ֪ʲô̼Ȣ꾫󣬱ΪլҪðȴȻ
ЩϵܿյļҲȨקв˵̥һԭǰŭ˲˵ЦȴЦţֻͷ­֮£֮ԭȻҪ˺¡
˱ǵۺ̫Ĺ֣˭ͽ֣η֡
ǲ˵ʢŮǵждֻ̣ҪڵĵطǴޣ̼䱻ȥͷ
ƫƫӣûԹ˵²̨ԸĴڡ
˶Ӳ֮ģԽˣԽ˲׵
׶񼫵ˣһγо磬ȻĲյģĸ׼һǵԷޣǱ㲻ˡ
Էǿ־޶࣬ǿЯֳǰʱÿĵһͷ
ֻһ£ɲࡣҲֻ︹һ°ˡ
֮λҹǵֹסƣҪ֪ϵĴһʢȦͷķ
ÿгֵĵطЩԼķͷȥȥ󣬶Ȼʹ˸ϽͬȹΣϾҲǳᶼֵġ
ģ磬ȴ׼ϳɹ


ãȻ

ȴ֪ϵȹȫµĲҵĴıضԶͷһݵġ
Щ󸾹ŮΪ˸磬ȻֻȥֵµĹźÿģȻҲǵǮο䱦ĶӲʧҲ䱦ھԭ
һϰƣܾװͬЩ̫һ
ƫŨңҼ߹ԣպϵѹסþˣȴƽ͵࣬̾ͬʱȴֻе̾һȻ˼ɫ
ԭδֻҪõȽҪõۣ⻹ÿôô䡣
ڳλ˽а£Żȥ󻹵úú÷ǵױƣЩѹ»ҵźá
Ҿʧ˹ʣθ˵ϾɹĿʽҪµĺÿģȻȥһʱʢ֮۸񱻺̧ȴʯǺˡ
ֻǲ֪ջⷬԭΪûԭȵļ䣬˵ܻװ磬ڹŮ˼ȴδ֮±˽վ˵װˡ
֪ЩʱñͽϿٻЩŵģճĩеָתͷͷ
ԼǺˣ뵽Ϊ˰ᣬһڵļ¼Ժ϶ĻҪ࣬ҪӦġ
ʵʱģòŮȦҲǼΪμĴڣֻǻСδʲôͷĵ˼ԲŲ֪ˡ
ŮϯֿдߵŮϯ󣬱Ⱥ￴վһµ뵽ԼҪδ˵£ǸϽ˹ȥ
ԭǴμʺٵȥģյƳ˹̡
¶ƵЦ⡣
ƫ̰һңԼһۺ󣬺׽ЦϿ֪ǼǰǾ÷Щ
ܿӦʵΪʵģδڣѾԹ˵һͨĻаĹδ˽¡
֪кãұˣһһ£ҵҵ״Ҫͬҵ˵ھһãĪĹźá
ɷģǲἰδ˵ǵµģǰ޷пԣϾǼǰѲȷ޷ĵҷˣͷҲ޹ѹţβԻһˣ㵽δΨһŮδȻ˵ŲԸԭĻʵȴǺġ
ԸԭңԣЩãȻΪβԸԭң
Ϊµ°㲻֪
ҡҡͷãȻȻЩ£ʹֹͣйĻ⣬ܽ׺͸׶ϾŮϵ¡
ʧȥǲּʹĥҲ֪
ҲˣڼãȻαװԺϽѹʵǰʺٵ̫˵Ϊ˼ӣǰһЩ£
ʱˣ˵Ǻ󣬱㽫Լʧмͬһ顣
ԣȻص˵ͷԭˣѹˡֻǵʮ֮ǰ£֪Ϊ˼ϧδ˶ϾŮϵľˡ
˵ԼΪ˼ϧδ˶ϾŮϵһĻ㱡
ôܣ룬Լǰ˳ĩУҲû׶ϾŮϵĵοĩлǽ״ȳĴˣһ׮£жȻвΪ֪ǡ
ʱԼƣÿЩΪʧļֵţµųǰ
Щ仹Ŵ඼ìܣһʱ䲻֪Լǽ⿪ţȫŰ棬Ǽȫָѿ
һ±ɫϽǰסû°ɣ
ԣϽûµЦû£ֻܲ鷳ͬҽ֪Ĺǰ£Ҳһָ䡣
ȴиоӦô˵ȥˣֻǡͰ͵ؿʱǽ֪й£һһʮ˵һ顣
лҪ˵Լˣʱˡ

һ

Ļ, оԼ˶Ǳ˺÷ܡ
ƫƫʱ, ǿװ򶨣Цͬ˵û¡
֮Լ֪ôǿŰⳡȥģ˶߹ʱ, Ÿоһ±գ, һʧ
һͬ˵ÿһ仰
ɵֳ, ңǵδ˵걻ԭ򣬶ǲδ˷, ޸˵ʱǽ, 㸸׶ϾŮϵ㸸Ϊ̰ͼ󣬸ľ鲻ТʧЩһֱǹ, Ҳһ, ͬع
ԼǸİף븸׶Ͼ˸Ůϵ, ô궼ȥһ棡
ԭȻԼʧԼֻҪʧ, Լ, Լǰ±ܲһ㡣
ᣬȴҲ޷ƭԼԭԼǸʲ岻ҲТĶ񸾣Щ´ӲΪԼʧĨȥ, Ǿǳͷ̶̻ð
ĩͻ󣬱㿴ɫ԰׵ؿϣϽǰ˲ڻУ˫һ̣һƬɵǵؿĲ
۵ǵĳĩУЩѵسЦû£ֻˣϢһˡ
۵ˣȥ
ȴֹסû£ȥɡ
ĩ䲻ټֽд򣬵ڽºˣߣңŵ׷ʲô
ҡҡͷ뵽ʲô˫ĿؿųĩУҾǺȻ븸ˣ
ĩԣδȻҪȣֻ˵á㿪ʼ˻һӦˡ
ﷱæ޷Ȼð˽չ׵
ҹ˯º顣
ȻҪǰͬ˵ʲô
ūһ춼ŷˣͷúõģ˵һỰ֮󣬱Ȼʧ˾һ֮оǿӦñֻ͡ǵʱͬ˵ʱū澵˿ū澲֪˵Щʲô
ԣĩɫԿðȣλס
ʱھıԺڣ˿ڰĲӻ˳ȥ
˯ǰүûУ֪δظŶȥ߻ˣôˣҪðԼӿ
ڵ֪Ҳδظ̾˿һһÿһʡģʡҲʡĲ
Ǹ֮أԭһھѣס˼ϵѧ߻СĲѶãûðλ𣬶ŭ
Ҳƽ绹빬ʺҲû⣬
ۣû˯żЩõ˺¾ŵıӳµϢ
ӱ̧ʱ۵˺ѷΡ۵ĲС
˭֣֧죬˵ûУԸˤá
úõΪλˤ׼ź׼䣬ֻðڽѧ˼ҹӸѰֵͬ˵һ顣
˵ˤǴȣ´վȡ
ʱػһ󼦷ɹģҲЩϽôˡ
ǰׯ̬֮һ֣ôˣ㻹˼ôˣŻ硣
ͷһ˵ܸˣôˣ
£һóǰھǻᣬɵһ˰Ϊģĸ˻죬ɲøѧ죬ѧѰӣˤȣ˵ⲻ˭
ҲˣǸûϢģѰֹͷˤȣԼؼһñ簮ӵҲԵġ
ʲôлѧģǴɲھѰѰӣҿһ˼û¶ǻĴҷءȻԸȥɣ£ձԼ
ôżԼȥǷŲԺļ檰ɡ
㣡޿磬˦ͷߡ
ǣӵ飬ҲϾٹ˦ȥ
죬ҲѵĲˣԼڼҴţ׼ǵó˽ǣѰ徻ȥˡ
չһϣʱʺ㲣Ŀںڣʣ
ҳ󲻿ڼܲܲͬɶ˵ֻԼ棬ֻ˵Լҹû˯ãŻˡ
ʺеЩƷ˳
˽ĲԳʱͬ˵һЩ׼ء
Ҫһ·Ҳ˵Щǰ£ָźá
ʺһ·¶Ϊ֮ɫԭǴ㶯ȥģɴղŤ˽ţ̹ƵӺˡ
ʺΪɫˡȲͬ·ҲֻգٴЩ˵ҩͲƷȥɡ
ݾӵıԺүڼС
˸źھû
ֻһۣ̾˿˰ˣҲûٹܴˣˣ
˵ź󣬱ֱ硣
ɫܵϣͷٹ˼ͷѰӡ                        
лҪ˵±Ԥģ滹޺ÿƫĵ˵ⱾרΪͷÿġղؼڴͶ۵ĲУղһ²ԿԿ~
Ůͷ۵һΪַ־ֵ
˭ǰߴ˰̣˺ףƫƫԼûŮ㽫˱ҰûͷϡͳǸƳȥ׵ĵù
׶뿪ǰϦ۶ѿƵľ
ԼǸϽɫһµĺ׹ɣҪԷ˻ܼӽһµĹȥ
֪йˮˣѿȥ˲꣬ĽΣ鶯ˡ
ĳǻιúãһͶٶ⣬̲ͲͲ
:ɱ˵ˣ
ˣƺʲô



ЩѰסĵط඼ǽׯԺ, Զ徻£ѰӵģҪò, ǲոǱزٵġ
Ͼ̷ĶǴٹˣҪûõóֵĲգǺԺѾߡοﻨƵ, ܲ¶ϵ׵ģͬǾ, , úó񫣬ǱǶԲԼ
Ҫ˵ӻѰ, Ҳù
ɫزϸ, ӱΪҲˣĳӣȴѹҲء
ƫƫÿնҪţʱǰ, ɸĶǿߡǹ, ͬ˴˽⣬ᵽζ, ߵźСˣү⼸նȥ
С±һһʮ˵, ֮Ӱϸ׵ֻԼԳѰҲ, ˺üա
ǵٴγʱ˼ţһԺ, һӿŽӭ˽ȥ
Լϵȥ˽ʱų¹ڣôǸȥġ
ǴߺҲȥ˿ţˣس⡣
Ҫǲ֪ã֪Ըϵôһȥɲ͵زС
ҲûԼϵѰһôĵز֪ôأеʹˣͬʱھķС֮ò˼ҿ֪һط
ѰǶǾȨģǷСȻ֪ЩطùҲмͬ㽫˹ȥ
ԭֻ⼢ֻãȴû뵽˼ֱ˽Ž˹ͷ
һȥһʰƫƫ˻࣬ȥˣˣȻͿƫƫּղȥֻܿҩǿţ˺ˤȵˡ
ո˯ѣ뻳һˬ
ɻûˬ̫ãű㱻һȺٱƿٱǽݺ󣬻˱ŵǻʧɫǱ
ٱ֪ǳ͢칫רץŮġ
ѹˣ˭Ϊ׵Ĺٱһ£ûڣ㱻Ϻ̧˳ȥ
⿪ʱ㷢Լڴ֮ڣƫЩٱǴɣʱ²һ㣬γʪ䣬ֱ£ΪǱ͵ùһΡ
ʹĴţͬ󺰵֪˭𣬾ҽصǲ𣡡
ЩķԳ˫˫һۣȻŽɣǸϽͷ
ֻΪ֤ŵȷʵˣȻٲȥһݾӵıԺ֪һˡ
ڵ֪һû黹Ϊԭץ˴Σǰһڣûιȥ
˸Ͻס˶»ǵøϽ̻˵򴫳ȥˣ
ˣѰŮ׽»Ǵķз˲෹̸ʡ
һôȲȥ
ȣװᶯټӳʱĵܻ²ȳȡ
ǲԼҶӵЦȻǳ
£ҪܺòŹ֡Ҳûٳȥˣڼһñ˦ɫͷһꡣ
ƫƫڳмзһƫԶ֮صķȢѾǲףҪͬù׼
ｹöˣŽⲻȥȻҲŲˡ
һжһԴˣææⲻðͷһƬ
һͷ󣬵ûԼôס
ѰӼȻǴٹ˰Ѱ֮ǹٸȻһֻ۱һֻ۲ŶԡͻȻţ˵Ȱ˴ٹشĵ
ĸˣǰæ飬˭ڱֽˡ
ڵõв²䶨ֽȴһ
ֻǾ档Լ˵˲˵Ļվ˲վ˵ľ档
뵽ĩƽΪ˴ֶΣ벻ۼȻô׾ܲĳ
⼸ĳĩ̫ºͣˣǶµһˡЩԼͬ˵̫ˣҲû˵ʲô˵Ļ
ĽҲһ֪һŵүܾûôˡ
ʱȴ״һ˳ţóֱӽĩסСԺ
·ԶҪ׼һʱΣŹκһ˿ܹһؼĻᡣ
ĻԽԽԾ
ΪԼԭűݣ˹ϵĶȴΪԼִҪ޸ĩС
ĩǰԼȸĶˣ׶ûɷ˲ǰ
ʲôԭøǰ㷴ԣ벻鶨Ȼ޹ֻԼң롣
ֻΪʧ˼䣬̫̫飬żϸһ棬ҲΪ˶ġ
ڻǰԼһؼ䣬븸׺úúͽ⡣
һ뵽Լ븸׶Ͼ˸ŮϵƲסѹʱʱ̶̿ż尾
ƿ˽ȥ
СԺÿնǰɨǸɾǰԺ￪Ļȴ˲١
СԺϸ߹ÿһ䣬ͼÿһשҵ䡣
г˿հ׻ǿհףȫȻûһ˿ӡ
ˣڴرϣŴĲţȻ𣬿ɴ˿ȴᣬֻ紵΢΢ζ˼¶ѡ
Ͻߵǰһϸ
էһûκε⣬ɵһëëĸܴ֮ѿһѷ졣
ѷ棬һűֻëܴСֽ¶˳


һ

ֽűͼ, ֱȾɫĲ֮УȻ˿ͬëһͬ𣬹̶, ë£ֲˡ
ֽ̯üϸдһ֡
Ҫ, ԺſжϽֳ˼ë, Ȼʶؽֽźë
ĩ˽, ȥӦø³·ûüڿдһ, ˵ûһ˱һ˳, Ҳ㣬㡣
ǻгôһˣ㻹ܵ߶ɡ˵, , ҾǺȻ뵽ˡ
û, ֻǵˡҲҪһź, Ҫ֪вûôȡ
á˳ӵصͷ, ҺȻЩˣڻǰһϴγԵǼҾ¥ȥɡ
ĩǲֻܾһ극ظ, 鷿ʼ
ˣڴǰвŵֽ˳Ŵڣϸϸֽд
дĶ־¼գ˺£¡
Ϊֽ̫С㹻д̫ĶֽдЩֻü档
ϸš
Ųµĳ³ߡ
ϸţӦüǵڰ³ȥϸšϸһɲ뵽ϸ񲻾
ٴһţдžإųԾ׼
µ¼ĴݺЩȣΪֶҪͷǸϽһš
һإ˳
Ϊֻд·ݲûм¼ݣֻܴ²²һűֽҪдЩ
Ӧһ¶ʮգ˹ˣеǳ
ΪǳӦǽŻŸ
룬ֽõϢʵ̫ˣԼд־ֻһҳû취Ѽ޷ᣬͻԼ㣬ÿİɥ֮С
ǵýеĲ𶼴򿪲С
顣ͬԼȥ˾ɾӣôǰſڹҵĲǺÿ˽ЩȫעСģˡ
ˣǾòÿūЩµĹǣɾӵĲô꣬ɫزˡ
ЩȾɣǾɾӵĶŶЩ壬ɫҲ޷Ⱦɫˡ
Ӧŵ£ûʱ˱Щ˽
˰Ѳһߺ󣬾ˡڷڽһժ󣬰ֽȫСľ֮ڡ
ժµëҲû㶪㶯ȾɫҲȷûƭ飬ɾ֮ŷǷ壬ûõֽҲ˸顣
߲ɫëȾɫٴλָ˹ʣЩëƽ̷źã׼Ⱦȫɺٶ´
Ҳ֮˰ɣ֮ǰӦõȲëɾҪȥ˰ɡ
պ÷¹ͷӾȥ·أ·ģ𿪿
ĩֻȥúչ˷ˣδ˵
뿪ɿ֣һ֧۶ϵëʴ䵽ֽϣһī
װһģĩ˽ˣ֪ԽˣɻԽ
һһȥɾӣֺŽȥ¥Էʵ뽫ɾӣٵպȻҪɾӲ
Щ¼óĩ֪ЩӰǳ
Щ̫ᣬֻ˸档
ҲûϵУָܻܲ䣬ԣˡ
պʰң׼ǰ
ǰЩشӳĩлȻһ¡ˣҪչ˺Լ̫ҹңһ۵ġ
ĩȴǰɬһνӵڻУ಻ؼȡ˼ɫƿߣˣǰزᡣ
ֿ󣬷ȭᴸһ£ͨ
Ϊᣬƿ̽ӣ̰Ļ
ҿ길׺ϻģ̫ҡ
á
㻹˵á
˵ʲôҶúá²ҿƣֻӦ˵ãܲĵҹܲסԼ
ЦеĲЦЦţᣬǿе⣬䵽ĩУɿ֣ص֮ڡ
ųˣžúЩˣ֮㻹ҰɣΪҲ㡣
ųӶӣʼ̡
ᣬȻӰóֽСľӡ
·;ǾƵģΪʣСľҪʱ԰ľӳдֳԷ
ҸϳĳҲǺ֣õľľϣббؿͷִóһֽ򿪿ȻСļƾԼһ仰ĥʱ䵹ҲȤ
ֻǵľֽ⣬Ծ
ֻǳʱЩƣҪֽҪ˼ҪиЩŸʱ˳Ǻķ
ԽֽвЩ
ʱڱĿ״̬£׷еĹؼԡ
һؼȻһ飬û˼񣬶ǰֽȫ𿪣һһֹ
ԭԼĿĲֻ游ԩô򵥡ΪȽӴ˲ǳĩУӡ
Ҷ̫ӵ̬ҲԼԭ²顣
лҪ˵ΪʲôǶûϣг齱ŶȻСǮǮ࣬ҲѽһнûjjһƽֵŶ



߳߼̫ӱճ
̫ӱճû´Ļ, ǳĩУ
仰˼³̫ӣ̫ȥճĩС
뵽ĩͬ˵ǳμǰա
ǳμ, ӦҲ¼ļǼ·ݵֽȻҵ, ߶źɳ֮
֮Ȼ̫ǰȥĩ
ΪҪ̫ӣΪ˾ȸ, ѵֱ̫Ӵĩǰȥ˵ĩ, ΪλҪԼȥգ
ô벻ס
˳߶ŵʱߣһ濴ȥ
Լ̫ӵĴ٣ÿμ̫, Ը, Լ̫ӻ㱨һЩ¡
̫ӵܶ඼ĩйءǲǱֵܹϵ𣬱Ͼ˭֪ĩǡģ̫Ȼûз, ǽ䱸
̫ĩ֮Ĺϵ֪ǰ, 뵽ճĩͬ˵йػʺıƹܣԼֻڳĩ, ǳ̫ӵ
ԼΪԩأѵҲǼٵĲɣ
ϧ, ֽǴɾӿʼȻӰɾӽβǰ, ûм¼ˡ֪Լʲô޼ƿʩ
֪Լӽڳĩеԭ֮ĸ飬һʵ, ԭҪҪӵöࡣ
뵽ĩôԼȴǴĿĵؽӽܲȷԼܺӳǽ̫ӻҪǿҡ
ã·ˣֻҪصܶĴ֪ôοԼ˼ƽ
ʱٽƻ裬ѾʻʢһС򣬳ͣһջſڡ
ûһӺͷǰջˣϢһһٸ·
һһֽǰ㲻õĲ²⣬ľƣҲϴˮ裬Ȼ󰲰ȵ˯һźá
Сʢÿͣ˿ջϰȻһ
һΧ߽ţ³ļΪ͵ϰ廹ǿ˵ݲϽӭȥҵ
С껹һϺõķдͣһþ߽Ϻõģ˾ܷס
ҲԸ˯̫ҵķ䣬ԣʹҪǼϷڵϰĴ·¥ݡ
ֻǰͷ·ϰһͷкһ¥ݣͶˮ׼¥İӶײһ顣
ڹؼʱ̾ˮõĹͣҲãˮһ
ⱻˮһҪ黹ܺãǾиˣͷһٺ
ǰӶ£ĹѪͷҲһ죬ֻһͬϰǸⲻǡ
̧ͷǸһͬϰǸİӶܾЩ졣
ɵϰ¾˹ֱͣǰӶһȥ֮ϰִͽ䣬ԼߵһԿʼѵǸӶ
ϰƢͱϰҪЩæЦŽ͵ҵƢҲû취ϾСطӶ׷ҵĲЩܲסˣǾ˹ˣ˼¡
ȴԽԽ죬ʵղ¥ݿϰһˮǸӶ𣿡
ǵǣǰֻģһ·ַģ˵ԭиɷ򣬵·ϣҺ͵ҵĿ˵İӶҲпڷԡ˵漮ģöûȥˡ
ֲ죬ģԼ죬Լ϶ʶˡ鷳ϰȻҷһˣ漮Ҳģͬ磬ϼ䡣
ˣ·óȻӴĴĿɾͲˡ
߻Ҿͬ˵仰ѡ
֣ٶԣֻԸҵʱ򿴽Щδ״
һֱڹ۲ķӦ˵һؿɿˣӵòУ飬ҲֻһΣļ֣ȫհ죬Ĳ֮ȥá
Ŀɿоģĵһ죬ֱͳĩ֮䣬ƺӳĩеһЩ
ԭΪǳĩеˣڿЩֽ뵽ΪŮʱ֮²᲻̫Ǳߵˡ
ıǰ㣬֮вɫ
ʱϰѾǽ˷䣬ջĿ⣬ʼ𷿼
ϰ嵹ûƭˣȷϿˣԭϾֻǹʱЪŵСҲ޷̫࣬ЪһˣҲͲˡ
ʶȵǳԤƵġֻˣ黹˻˺Ĵ죬һԡͰ
û뵽ע⵽ˣԼǲܱùԡͰһþ߶ԼҴģȷҪĵضࡣ
ûһᣬϰǸӶˡ
ǰӶ˵йսʱСľִ٣һֱŸͷֱǰ
˵漮𣿡ʵ
ع˵Ļǵġ
˵úǶ죬϶һʶΪһֱŸͷ
ΪСòֱɣ˹۾
޷̧ͷң
ϰԥϽ̧ͷʲô˵ģһ𣬲ѿ
ԣǰӶԸͷ̧
ϵȷп鲻Сİ̺ۣһֱԣЩǱ̿˵ĺۼҰŵĹụ̂ӦҲǸˡ
ֻЩĿӣɫڣͷҲģһʱЩ̫ϵó
֮ϸϸ˺üۣ˲²⡣


һ

Ƕ°ɡԸ
Ƿ, һ
޷ӦʶһλˡҪͬɣ, Űɡ
ǡ
̴ȫºߵӶǰƿñ
Ӷ˵Լʶһλʱ, ⣬ڵȵߵǰ, ƿñ, ڿžòʱʼɫ
㣡
ûǴӦɵѾߴӾհɡ
û, ҡӾû뵽㲻ɵ, ǾҲûָܷŹֻǿǹˣҾһ, ôԸҶ, ǵ޹ֻҳԿڷ, Ǩŭǡ
û뵽Ӿջ۹⿴˵ˣӾտ϶֪, ׳ϢҲܼ򵥵Ķࡣ
ǿ, ˵˵㷸Щµͷϣ̹ˣ˵׼ǡ
ա֮£ӾĸҲ˵, ûһͽԼЩһһʮȫ˵˳
ԭֻ֪ţԼõжѣԼ󣬿Ӿսľһһʮȫ룬Լһһ㡣̼ǰ븸˱ư
رǵ֪Ϊ˳׻֪Ϊδ˵Ȼһʱϳ̸ôӾյֳθؾ̸·ϣͼ/٣Ҫһʱ벻ԾˣȻõġ
ʱθɢŵĲūܵеùЩǿ׳ׯں
·˾ȣȥĺӾڷǵԼָεĿ־뺦°
ˣҵҲֻǳ̸һѾ߰ˣЩ£ӵķԸ£ֳó˻࣬⼸Ҳǹñȹ磬̼ҸǱ壬Ҳ˰ɡ
֪Լûֻ֪ʱŭЩ˵Ĵ̫̫ᡣ
֪ΪݾܴӾ
Ϊӣ㣬˵ӷˣ󡣡´ӾҲֻ֪ӣŷ
ӷˣǺˡ߰ɣҪٳǰ룬Ƿŭ벻ʣûǰʯĳļ䣬޷ɱ֡
ӾڣһǧлϽ˳ȥ
һעٳ˯ڴϷȥаޣǾҹ顣
ݵţ˿˯ţ
е㡣
Ƿ˿Ҫū澽˵Ự
ˣ㻹ȥ˯ɣ۳Ͷٵø·ǱҪۡ
ū澽ϰɣߣūȥЪš
룬ˡ
ȻЧãյ갲ûã⣬֮ܿΡ
ΪմӾյĻ̫εθյǻᣬʱ֪δǳ̼ҸùļǵشĹܼ뻹ûϴ˸̸ȥ
˭֪һӣһȺ˺Ȼ֣ǰΧЦţв˵ᱡ/Ļ񲻶ƶ
ܼҼǲ⣬뵲ǰɵΪ׵һƿˤڵϡ
ϴʱߣƲۣܰϴȥǮ㽫ϴʰͬһ顣
ʣһˣԽԽĿǽϣǾ
ҪǮԣǼˣӦ˫ֱǯׯ˵ĳ棬Ѳǵǯơ
ֻΪ˺½ǰͬ˵Ǿ仰СӣɲǮ飬֮֮£ֻθˣһŮɲ˭۸ͷ
֪Լݣ֮йΪ֮ġ֪һҧסΪӵĺͬھĺݾ
Ϊ˳ʹ˸ϽȻűҧѪĲӣݺһ⡣ǲҪˣˬ죬·ǵܣ
Ը֪ȭͷŴϵʹǸã߹ܼϴʵĿԼӿѪһ˽ӽĸо
ΪҪôˣϵȭͷѵۣ˾ֻ˱ģֻ֪Ь棬ɾûһ˿๸ȴΪմѪ
˹ȥʱ˱ҵʹ
ϴĴߣ۾׵źңˣһο
˵ˣʹ˵ĳֻܿϴʿź˹ܼңܼҲŹȣһȳһսģˣҲ̲סһᡣ
ǾһجΣѺþò̧ܴͷŴĺһ˿ʹôļ¡
ֱȸǸOO@@Űξʵ뿪
һȻ˶֫ȷجѾȥ֧˴
ԸȥǸξǲϳմѪЬ档
֪Ѿȥ꣬Ȼ£ѾȥǸ˻˭
ʱˣˣ
ɡ
˽źϴ
ʵӾ뿪ջ
˵ǸӶ˵մ㷿ȥ󣬱ʰ˰˾ȥϰȥͷһ¡
𡣡˵ʲôЩҡˣȻȥй
лҪ˵èͲǸˣ֮ǰ˵ģָʵԸҲ¶ġ



Ƿ, ߲ԶҵҲ¡
ˣȥɡǸ־ج֮, ӴӾտе֪顣
ͷޣ뾡ϻص
ⲻ֪Ӿڴӿջ뿪ûãһ
, ŷԸǼҿջͷˣЩη, 뵽ʱǮŵ, ҪҿɰѸ˵Ķͬ˵ˣӦӿɲˡ
ȻóһӶӾС
Ӿսӹӣûع, һ㱻
ڶԷ, Ҳǻˤһȣֻƫƫ⸽ɽ·Ӷ࣬һɽ·Ҳһٿͷɳˡ
֮·, һֱƴպͷؿľЩֽϣͨЩֽ, Щ¡
ֻֽǵ࣬ʢһ·, һεجΣֻϡ, ʢĩеһЩˮƵĹ
һ¥Ϸ, ױһ£ȻЩ䲢Ҫ֪ģÿεЩ棬һΡ
Ǹج, Ϊǰɲѱ𣬿ɺֵǣ֮ûǸجΣֻÿλǸξܸеʹȫ־ܣá
˶ܺıܣ֪ԼܣͻʶزȥԼעɢİ취һ·ľˡ
ڵļʢȻ֪һ·кη羰ǵһƬɽȣɽȿĶž黨ʱļһƬѵļ
ͣȥ̧ͷɽҰһƬۺ죬ߵɽ¡
·ߵĶž鶼ժ߰˰ˣȴǳȺšһ֦ȴô
ҪǶž黨ʮݵȥûһṦժһ
ӹĶž黨Ŷž۰ɫĻ꣬ժһƬ꣬Ž
ž黨ĻǿԳԵģǲûζֻһ΢΢Ļ֭Һζʵóԡ
Ż꣬һƬĶž黨Ȼ俴ǰҲž黨ɽ棬иˣȥһѶž黨͸
ǸˣǳĩСǰԼ˵ĿһֱǸˣ֮
ϲž黨ūժЩž黨Ȼûζǽסţֺÿ
ð飬ǰүһؾʱǲҲһƬɽȣ
˻ᣬϲЩˣ
ҡҡͷֻҲ֪Ϊʲôһ·ķ羰ûʲôΨƬž黨ɽȣҼ̡
Ǳãֻһǰ㣬ҲǼ䰡
ǰáҶһһʮҪļ䡣˵ҲȤЩӶ϶һЩǰΣȫҺͺү֮䷢¡
ΪүٳǵıǱ˴ˡ
еĻ¶Ц⣬Ҳôá
صдһš
ЩżȤ飬ʢȥţ˼
һһĹȥģһضž黨Ȼ֪ȶž黨һ˳ĩﶨȻѾήƬɽĶž黨
ɽȣҲԶˡ
ǰȻȥŵδˣԳǰȥţ֪ձᶯ
δǰյţ֪Ǵʢģһʱ仹ΪԼˣȻֲĲ²⡣·޹Ź
ڲź󣬵֪ʱھ϶ǳˣȻǸТŮôȻ
δԽԽҲ⼸յĹõˣסʱܵ˳ſڣͷĳ
ĳܽؽһ̣δڳ¥ͷһ۱ע⵽˱ҪΪһ
Ͻ˳¥سʿѳܸ
Լĳܱƿͷȥһ㿴ǰǵϤӰҲ˲һԾ£δ˱ȥ
δԭ²һ㿴ɰŵòС
Ȼ㿴һͳ֮ͥ£һѽһͷڻȻֱӿ
δ˻Ϊھί˲ֻ۵λǳĩС۸ˣ㿴Ҳȥȥ
ǵģҾˣԲŻˡܹ㣬Ҹء
˵⻰δ˿ʼŤˣңһΪǴһӲˣһҾˣƤӶգһ¡
֪Լδ˶ϾŮϵ󣬱֪ôһ
м䣬û׼Σʲôǵˣʲô


һ

˵ⶼʲôѽ, Ů쾭𣿡
Ļδ˻㱻صǰʱС, Ҳذֻʱæڹû취, ⼸ֻһ˵ļңʱҲ, Ůǰ, ǲҲкܴΡ
ɴʱϤİˣĺ, ˣһ̶ǲΡ
ɿųſ, ǰȻɴģİδ֪ûΡ
ֻŴ˴ӣӲͥʲô, ʲô, ȥ˵
áϳǻؼҡ
ԭδЩ·, ־ٴβһҿɲ, Լ߻ȥ
һ߻ȥͷ, Լδͬһؼҡ
δһᣬĽУ̾˿, תɣڴߣʲôӡ
ãġ
δ󣬻ڣԹ
ȴĵ֮ǸΪ࣬Цĵ˾׽
ֻǿδ˻׵ͷԲӣо۾Щᣬ̲ס
ԭδԹԱŤأתͷ㿴ŮĻ˵ϱŤۻ
ǲǳĩС۸ˣҾ˵ôȻ϶۸ˣʺΣ㿴Ҳֻع
ǵĵҺܺãֻˣŻġ
ɱƭҪʲô
Ҿǿˣˡ
δ˲Ǹˣʱ˵Щδֻǰ˵ӣҲŤȴ޷ٰӿˣΪˣˡ
ѾŮ겻Ůδ˿ʼ֪ôԲźá
ֻߺ˼Ӳ˵˾䣺û۸С
θŲԶ棬ܿ㵽ˡ
ͼû˿仯θֻƽ
ĵһƽ
Ϊļֻʮǰֹθǳ塣
֣˼ԨƯ˼Լļ磬οû뿪ļҡ
Ȼƿθţż
θҲһļһΨһ仯ģֻܾиˡ
ǰδ˱θɢһˣ֮δ˵ƽȻһЩȱּ֮Ѿȥô꣬ԭҲ඼԰ң˺δҲûµˣھθˣ඼δƽнġ
ʶȴϲǡ
ﲻҲǺнġ˷棬ڣ¶
ǻθʱѾ˷㣬δ˱һȥԷóǰԵǴ㣬Ҳ֪⼸ζûб䡣
ûû䣬Ǵ׿ζˡ
㻹үȥģΪ֪СҪ˵ǹܼҵͽܣǰܼΪͣȲã˹ܼҵְ񣬽ͽܡ
ʶܼҵͽܣΪܼûжӣͽǰӣǰһֱԺŴ֣θʱܼ˵Ҫ߱ߡ
˵ԼԺҪܼϵģôô뿪
ϹܼϹܼɻã
ʦëȲ̫ãǲʱظͬ˵Щʦ֪СҪظСģϧַˣ²
֪Ϲܼ廹ǺӲʵģ۵ëǸجڴʱϹܼҾŹġ
ĪǸʱµĲ
ȥϹܼҡ˳Ϲܼҿ֪ǰ顣
ʦ֪һˡ
ȿȿȣԲԷˡ
δ˼һϹܼңҲԼ׽ɺãˡ
ԳԳԣǵֵ㣬϶óԡ
ٷԵĺ㣬δθԺͤǺԺֵĻݣ˶ĻһЩʳõĹûһ˿ı仯
ֻǳʳԲ䣬Ϊɻľܹɲ䣬Ҳ̫ЩΪɻΪôȥԺĲľأҼһģһ
ﲻЩǰȥⶼˣɲڵ𡣡
δû˵ЩľϤţҲɣвľˣĶǺԭģľȥԺӿɲǲ
ԭԼǰµģѾǵãԺĲľѾһˡ
Ȳ˵ľˣ˵κȻʢ﷢ʲô£Ҳңǳ£




δֲɵ, 궼ܺûϵˣȻûԤ׵ػô, ⡣
ͷǷݲתתƻ˶ѣǲԸһ
ǸŮû, δ˻ˣһμ, Ѿȫľ, Ȼûһδ·
, Ȼ, ʵͬ˵ҲٽˡϾҸŮϵѶϣҽԷ, ֻѰͰˡ
ϾŮϵ, ǲܽܵģǵ÷ʲô, ֻ֪ʧȥס
, ǰ, ŮˣŮЩնںڣԼТܳ, õģŮŻΪзʲô£ŮֻܹԭŮĲТŮܹТ˳
δԣĬãΪ˵Ļʱδ˿ˣĩк룬Ը𣿡
ЩҺܺãǶһҪˣΪξǽܲ
㱼δǰҲ֮ͤڣҲǱĩƲϵǻ˵¸Ůġ
ЩʱҲڣֻҪĩеʵݣ㲻Ըδ֮С
ֻȥЧãΪ˸ĸģŮú֪δ·Ȼߣ뷨ײǿѹڱ˵ͷϡ
ֻ̾˿ҲգҵȻʰ÷䣬úס°ɡһͬȥĸ㡣
Ͻȥ˶ᣬЦţá
ǻǿŮķϡҲ֪жܺõǸˣô÷ʢôԶ·Ҳһ˻
ǻô˸𡣡ãԼĩ֮ЩطͦƵģƩԶܰ߸ŵô̴ӸԵ
ķ𣿡δ˼ԼŮǸĩô꣬ҲûҲ˵ˡŮĸŮ꣬ǵǱҰϡ
صԼĹ뷿źԼһûб䶯İ裬İޱȡ
һ˯ѣԼʧֻһΣԼʮ꣬ûЩܵļöá
Щйسĩпֵļ䣬ܹھأȥ͵ˡ뷨Ρ
һε֮ǰ֮ͬǰΣЩ䣬һΣһЩǵ֮⣬εʱһЩ顣
ʱη˻ڣĳպܺãΪʱʳܰԵĲˣһЩϡͣһڿڳ¡δһ΢ЦżηһڿڸСιʳ
һڣת۱תηزһᣬزη˻ģһ鸧СǱ˺Ͳᡣδ˱Сη˴ǰһֻη˵һֻֽգüͷȾ˿ɬ
ٺδһͬη˵ĹǰδͷҰһƬɿǲá
˶ڷ䣬ĺܺأﺮ޶˵ؾ䣬ſ˵΢΢
˵ǲͬҵ£ֻʹ˶ϾŮϵˡ
Ϊδ˻ֻǿη˵Ĺãڰ֣Ըٿһִۣˣұ㵱ûŮˣ߰ɡ
Ų뿪ˣͷȥʱδĹ˵ز㲡
Լ۾ȫᡣ
ԭԼ븸׶ϾϵһĻ
ڴͷñѹסԼĳǲףԼΪʲôҪôʱתͷܻȥȻδˣԼҲȥġ
ĳת뿪ˣ˺꣬û
˲ᣬԼⲻǻȥ뷽跨ȥе£Խ߾ȫֲĲТ֮١
Ҷ˯ˣ˸磬δ׼
θĳ꣬ȻʮֵĵӦ֣Ҳδļ˿ɽҩӱ
տʼû˵ģδһ֪ûджΣȴУ㾫ϸҲ֪ⶨȻա
ҲûƣԹԳţһᣬһܿͼ˵ס
ζô
ֿ佱ӣδֻװ֪гǱյĺóԶˡ
ΪµĳǲǱǰĺóԶѽ
δ˷֣ԼŮĵճСһǴܺãȻΪαǰҪۡ
δ˱Ťȥˣ佱Ļ˵ģ첻һ䣺û˲
ԣܵһû˲Ҳ˵ˡ
ЦŰԸɾδ߰ɣȥ


һ


, ҴŰˡδǰȥηĹƮҶתͷͬĸ˵˵
, Ůˡ
δһͬվηĹǰʱҹεǸΡҲη˵ĹǰŮ˾ѡ
, ԭŮǰĲТ, ŮܹϽָ, н⿪Ľᡣ
ڼη˻ظϹܼһϴʵˡǶ˵صعġ
ڿϴʺܸ, һصǵܹȥϴʽ㡣
ϴΪĸ, ǰ㲻һûСѾͷǣһһСӣǺˡ
飬ϴҲǸ, úӸϽ, ɵſ֮󣬿ʼۿ, С㡣
ϴʣô, û𣿡
֮ǴϴʵһԺȥԺ, кܶ໰ϴʡ
ûˣЩҲ˵ЩС㣬ôȻ, Ǿ﷢ʲô£
ŵȷʵһЩ£ǰʱ䱻ʧЩ䣬˺ܶ£ҼĻָһЩȴòԾҾһˣҸܻ顣ŻΪľϽָ䡣
ڱܵұĵ׸ԸȥڵЩЩ£ĻһţϴʵĻԸȥš
£Ϊδδص
ϽϴЩ²ҪҲãֻõİˡϴʣͰ֪Ķͬ˵һ顣
ϴǰ˼ңЩҲȥʢ£Ҳֻ֪ǰһЩ°ˡ
Ȼϴ֪ģͱĿǰ֪ҪࡣȴҲʲô̫õϢ
ԼĻûʲô̫ãϴȥϹܼңǻû£ѾͷҲǴͷԵһ֪Щ£ҲǰԼı˼϶Ϲܼ֪Ķࡣ
ֻȻδ֪Ȼֻ˽Ϲܼҵġ
ڽϹܼҲˣϴʱϹܼδ˵껰Ĺ򣬽ϹܼҽеһԼѷ硣
Ϲܼ֪ȥ֮̾һūȷʵ֪Щ£Ͼǻǰ£ҪغլۡŵģֹС֮ͽ͵֮¡Ҳ֮У֪ϴǶ֪һЩ¡
ܼ˵Ѳҹпҹ裬ʱῴ˽³ţ֪ȥʲôطʲôˡ
ʱֻЩӦöΪ˾δˣҲ֪òѣû˵ƶҪЩˡ
ǹܼ֪ȥʲôˣ
ū㲻֪ˣ˵ƽСЩ˽ҵʱƳЩ⣬֪СҲûٶԡ
һֱøԼߵ⣬ԼδƽнģԣǸϽϹܼҵʲô⣿
飬ҿüΣŷŸ벻֪˷Ϣ˵ķԸΪǴͬүϵҲûʡС˵ģڼ޸үǰӴ̫ӣϵ˻Ĳ˵
˾裬׼˯ʱĶ̫Լˣǻ̫ӻ㱨Լһһ
û뵽ȴ벻ط֣龹İ涯ֽšֽźܿأССһҩ裬ֶ
ϹܼҵĻرע飬Ҳע⵽һ㡣
뵽Լÿ˯Ҫ㣬һ㶼˼ǹصߵʱŻһء
֪ʲôǲɫؼװ˯ȥŴӴ¯ӲһСңװ
ڶգͬδһźδҪȥܼң˵Լǰȥ̽Ϲܼҡ
ܼ˵ãϹܼҵסϹܼϽӭ˳ūʵڲݽŵȥСǰʵɷūˡ
Ϲܼ˵ʲôǴСҳģҰСȻǵǰ˵ţͬǵŰɡ
ݣϹܼһ˶˲ˮġ
⸾ʵϹܼңλǣ
ͽչҵģȽһ겻һ꣬صʱ²˴ҪûչţѰŶ
ȽŻ˲Ϊɣٴл
£룬֣λ·׳ʿȻ˲ˡ
˻뿪ˣóҵСƿӡԭϹܼҰæȥʣڰʲô
ڼǸ˵չϹܼҵĸ˺󣬱ջͷ
ΪνԷǴƷ˵˫ȻǾıûôģ̸£ˡΪǹܼҵӣϹܼȷȷʵʵ˵⸾˾չ˵ġ
֪ģ˾ģƿҲûó
лҪ˵ĺ̵ܶģ¾ᣬʣ¸롣
ȻһרԤաнޡ



뵽ϴ, ǷͷȻϹܼ߶ֿ֮ˣϴǱ߱׼ҲвĿ֮ڡ
ƾյأ뵽һ, ӡͷһȻâڱĿ־С
Ȼ˿ãǱֻԼҵˡ
Ҫ, ˺ü֬ӻ̣ʮʮֻΪ֬ˮ۶ˡ
Ҫ֪ĵط, ӵϰʶ, ǲ֪ô꣬Щӵϰ廹ǲǵЩʶˡ
ţһӡӡҵϰǸư, Ϊַ߳, СҲ㡣
ϰпţϽǰӴ, һ, ϽǰĴ˸ƣȻͬϰϰɻϵң
ϰȻϵ, ͨδ˵Ůÿ, ô, ܼǵôסǵڵԭΪҲЩ򵥵, ӵϰ
ݶĵһơҡʱЩɻ󣬲ҲûֳǷϵʱЦŵ˵ͷ
ϰﻹϵּǰ˸ҿ涫ƣȻתͬŮ˵ҲԼЩϲϡ
Ůԣѡ
ǲٰȫϺϽƿӵݵϰ
ϰӹƿӣ˵ͷ
ϰİֳûУҪٴμӹϣϰЩϾ鷳ҴˣƺһԹõġ
ϰʱգպ˳ֵͷٴγš
֪ò磬ò׻ȻҪ濴ģҲû˾֡
ϰ꣬Ͻƺõϸ˹ȥһѾơ
֪ϰѾ֪ƿĳɷֶ֣Ǯһл֮󣬸Ͻ˸
ϰ֪Ķдֽװϵͷˡ
óֽ
ϰֽ˵һһֳɷֳ⣬һЩ޷ϵвҩ棬ȥķһͬϡ
ҩЩӣǷҲֻܰĳɷֱַɾЧȴֻ֪̼ͷһЩҩĶѡ
̼ͷϰǷûܰæɶԣǱǴ𰸡
Լжʧ˼䣬ɲԲˡԼÿŰʱܻ˯뵽Щ䣬±жϡ
ҲûóȻȥ飬ڵٴθ㰲Ļᡣ
ֻ׼ĹɣϽ㣬ԡ꣬ס˶ͷ˵ͷЩۣʹߡ
ˣūϰɡ
װͷۣΪ˵㣬ԵͷʵһֱϵĶ
ӻнҩƿó׼Ͷʱ漴飬õʲô
鶸Ȼԣ֮²ûҩ衣
ˡ
´߽ٴʵ飬ŵʲô
Ȼǰ㰡鲻һ˲ظƽ˵ͷۣū澱׼ϰ񡣡
ɰ㲻ѾʵĶʲôѾ֪ˣҵļйض԰ɡ
ǵġ鱾粵ڵ֪Ѿ֪󣬱粵ûôǺʱ֪ģ
ԭûʮֵİգŵĻҲΪթһթ飬û뵽ıˡ
֪ã飬ָܺʹӽҵģֻ˵˭
ֻͨ˵ϣū澵ȻǷ
Ȼ㻹ӣʵʵңΪҪ͵ҰҩУεõҩģ
ȻǺүķԸڵ֪˻ԣʧȥ㿪ʼĴҩԷһҩѰҽòײŵõġֻҩҩͣһ̫࣬ūİá
֪ǳĩеķԸǿѹĵǻĵĲ²һ˲ð˳㣬ֱͬ˵ˣΪҪң
Ϊҩ˲֪ʹòŻЧѣ֮ԻŷˣҲΪ˴ҩܷӳЧ
Ļоݣһʱ֪ԼŻǼɡ
ЩʧǣΪǸͻƿڣȴʵе޼ƿʩ
·ЩΪֵ˿ȫĴ
ж˺òײռЩõͻƿڣҲõͻʱ
ҩЧã飬㻹û˵㵽˭ˡȻʧ˼䣬ɲûӣ̫ӵкι㶨Ȼ֪Ҳƭң֪һЩ£Ҳƶϡ


һ

һ˲, ƺδʧǸèƵ۾յȻ, ıʱҲκοԱ粵ĽںͲɡ
Ҳµˣ̫ӵ°ںүߵߡ
´ָ, Լȫ֪ûҪʲô, , н֪ȫ˳
ԭδϴˢԩˣǳĩУ̫, Ҳǵʱ, һְˡ
ֻǵˮѾ뵽Ȼ̫ݺε֮ˣҪҲô׵ġ
ҪСĴ۵ġӽĩ, 跨óĩа, ̫ӽĵһɵĺǳɫĩв, ˷Ȣ
̫ӹȻŵԣֻûԳ, ʥ, ɳĩƽһѵĹٳˮ壬δΪˣȻԹٸԭְ, ϴԩ
ϿĩδϴˢԩˣɱȨıĻȴ
ĩڳ̫һ/ǳɹôĹɾȻ̫ͬϡ
Ǵ˷ĩʧܣ̫ӴɶβƲΣϾĩǸʲô˴Ҷ֪첻£Ҳã̫ӱһνֲһյˣӰʵж
ͬĵ˵ǳĩУȴüЧ̫ӣΪԸӽĩе̫ӣ֮ͬʥϾټĩи̫ͬӡ
꣬Ҫ̫޸ĩ֮󣬻ʲôºȴֹū֪ıֻЩˣΪÿ̫ͬ磬ǷΪӲūǣūҲ֪㵽̫ЩԸΨһ֪ľֻԸӽүˡ
˵ţκεĶֻա
˵Ļ֤ʵԼ̫֪ģδ֪ϸ֮£뵽˺ܶԼһЩϸڡ
ԼȻӣһˣȻ˾޴ıʣȻӻٿ϶仯ȫȫһһ
룬Լ㣬ĪҲ̫Եʣԣ̫ӼȻӽĩУȻȥȵӷ˵ġ
䲻֪ͬһӪֵΪΰԷȴйɷĲ֮С
֪Լ̫Ӱڳĩߵˣĵڹ˽վڳĩһߵġ
ֻǲ֪ԼǰǺ뷨ʲôԳĩв顣һоһҵļ֪ʱҶġ
飬ɡùеҩһֽƿӻ顣ҩͼŰɣ˵ҪҲ֪ʱʹЧҴʱ֪ӦҲһЧõİɡ
ˡҩƿŵؿ̫˽ƢˣǾԼκζĵ˴ڵġ
Լ˷ޱ֮٣ΪȻĸı׼Щ˲
ȴûӦЩƣˣҹˣҪ˯ˣȳȥɡ漴˴齣뿪ǰǵϨ
ֻǴţڰֻһʱ۾˼зŲϣĺƣ룬ȴǳٳߡ
ĻûȫţƿóһҲΪ˺ȥ֤ĳɷ֡лȴɴǰ飬Ϊ飬ˡ
ϾԼ̫ӰڳĩߵˣôԼһһ̫ѵͲ᲻˶ţ
䲻ȫر֤ѵȫ֤û𣿲ţϾ鵽׸꣬ǰԼʲô£鶼ԼҪ˽Ķࡣ
Ȼߣóͷŵľ䣬ľ䣬ĦЩ¼ھʱȺ¼־Ȼ飬뵽ԼȻд־ϰߣԼʱӦҲȥ¼ÿһ顣
ôЩ־᲻ͱԼڷĸ֮أ
ţ˴ʼĴֵʮԲҹ¹͸ֽڣԹߵĻ谵
ֻԼҶȴҪƵģӻؼ˴ȴһֱûҵֻʱͷһҡ
ǵڶδڼ󣬵ˡҹ˯ȣ
δ˵ǣֻٽգóЩŵߡ
δԲûԣ֮θ˱㿪ʼԺѬó֮Աڻ
ڷϣؿθżëڴشһȻ󵧳һֻ˻ҳңȻְµһȥ
Щطڴű߲尬һһὫõװУȻŽǣһһһ
ֻ겻θ˳ճɨǲҡ
˵Լó泳˯žδ׼óң˶ҪЩö궼˵ˡ
ῴЩѾ˻ҵңȻͷԼǲҹݽǡǳסˣЩȱӣҿ
ЩͷȫǻңūϴɾٽСɡ
أŰɡ
ԣȻǻҳұ뿪ˡ
һҲ˲࣬һһ򿪣Ȼȫͷ
ô꣬Щȫ˳еĻùųһţֻôͷϰ˸Ӳ˼£ŰЩųŵϷֿȻж
Ҳ˲࣬Ͻ򿪿⾹дδ˵飬ֻǵʱдʱҲûδ˿Ǳװ˷ڴǵͷôһűꡣ
Լд־ϰߣĲлټˡ
Ȼ飬дһ׮׮Լһ³ܴ޷
ǵδ˻ظϽ˹ȥһʱҲ˲̬
δ˿ôһˣððʧʧģ˵ЩʲôȴۿģҲǼУ±ȻʲôżԼ˵ˡ
ѾҲˣǵôΪδδʹŮΪʲô
ڿ󣬲֪δ˶ԼΪ̫µ֪ģϾϵҲδģΪľûк֮ǵȥҪ£ΪòһԼ
δڵ֪ҪʱԾ
ʽɲԼ½ϵʱˣֵԼǰ£ԭµģδ˶ʱ֪һǳʲô顣
ֻȻ˲ԣûбֳһֱй۲ЩӵΪ
ȷŮûƺһЩ£ЩӰ죬һֱΪԼǸТŮʵ޷޷ֱȥѯʵ飬δ˲Ծһֱûֳԭ
лҪ˵һ

һ

ʱܵǰѯʴ, δȻ޷װһˡ
̹׺Ϊ˵ʢʲô£ҿƺʧЩ䡣
ǲδΪԼĲһֱԼʧ, ȴ룬δͿ£ȻûҪ, 㽫ԼΪϮжʧ˲ּͬδһһʮȫ˵һ顣
δû뵽ȻڹŹǰתһȦһʱ²ѡ, Ȼ, 㲻ٻȥˣ̫Ϊţ, ɲ׶ҡ
, Ȼ֪һУܸܲŮ굽׷ʲô£Ůȫȫŵ, ֻˡο, ֻŮ֪굽׷ʲôܸõӦ֮鰡
갡δ, ̾һ귢һ, һһʮͬһ顣
֮, Ϊʢοĸ֮أȻһԱҰ̰뵱غǿǱΪ飬ѿξ, գ£ֻΪбԼԶҲθڡ
δΪͨУҪɹ̶ӻˮиȫĸɾֻ֪յĵغȴͬȻ̶࣬˫ȴմյѪ⡣
⽥ı֪ݳ´˻еغĹʼΪմѪ⣬ղ⣬ǿ/ǵ档
ֻδͨж꣬ͬȻô׶ԸģŬάԵƽ꣬ȴվˡ
ο֮֮أܲ͢ӣοĺƽս£ʥ˱ﶼڴȹ֮ϡ
Ա壬ѹյ±㱻дϣ͵ʥ˵֮ǰʥ˿꣬еŭ׼ǰ¡
·Աھǵߣ֪˸״ʥŭղܲձִȻҲˡ
ǸӸ֮ˡڵ֪֮δ˵ţȻȻػɵδͷϡ
Ϊǿ֤ȫα죬Ȼ۵δ˵ͷϡ
δֵײȫĸɾЩ˳ݺȻͲһƾͽԴ͢ǰղһδ˱Ƕĸ
һΪ壬δ׹ϵη˹꣬ηҲΪδ˶к壬ΪδƲϵ˸α֤ݺδˡ
ֻû뵽͢Ȼ׼£ȻнοȫȨջصĴ㣬һ̰ҪҪǽοǹؼ
̫ӻûҲǱȻ־δˣΪ֪δƽΪ䲻˵ȴǰϧյĺù٣ܰӵ
ˣеߣգٳԭٰԼҪķöࡣ
ڵ֪δϥ¾һŮƫȸŵľ̫ӱӽ
ҪδԼ£ҪĹأõİѱ
ǲȢΪΪҲɣ£ο±ᱻʱʱţδΪ̫࣬ŸãΪӶ࣬Ҳͨ¡
ˣֻǵһŵϡ޸ˣܼԿƣҲǲϡ
ͷĩбǲѡֻʺͬ˵Ƕڽŵĩǰ̫˶һϴԣڳĩߵ̽ӡ
Ů֪̫Ը˵ĿģΥãľڣֻؽܷԸǲ
ҪһϾŮϵϷ룬Ҳ̫ӵ⣬ǰ˶˸ŮϵұעȢòТͷϡ
Ȣ񸾵ĳĩȻ͸ˣɷһ﷭ܰġ
δ˽ȥͬ˵һû뵽龹ˡԼ˷ص񲻾͵δϵΥ̫ӵĲ֣
ǲ̫ӻʲôµδ˻ܵۡ
δҲǵģֻġΪһʱ飬ôһɲԹ׸Ϊĸ̫붯ңҲùһҪ˵ʢǻ֣Ǳ㲻λˣý㸸׻ûϣ㡣
ǻᣬȻͲԶֻҪһ뵽ĩлھеȥ޷ġ
ɸףҵ׻Ǽ˵ģĩҺܺãȻ޸ǳԱģȴʵġһֱ𣿡
δҲǼĩеģܾʹ˵Ĳ̫һҪ˵͸ҲΪˣ֮С
ʵమδҲֺǿŮԵ
ڴʱͷ˴æؽ㱨˵ǹүˡ



ү
, Ů˺ðûӦ뵽ܱθ˳ΪүģǱֻгĩˡ
ھԼôûչ͸ˣ
ɻ, Ů˳ȥĩбӭ˽ö˸档
ȷıǳĩ֮Ϊ, ΢ͣðŻָ糣, ֮Ͻǰ, źȻðĴˣʵôˣ
ɳĩȴһ޹ı飬յź, ֻΪڰʾ, ұˡ
⻰˵һãȻôʾˣ
ɳĩȴǿδˣǰȼɡ
δȻ˳ĩе, ҲһɻĩôȻ, ±ʵ˵ǰдҪģ
Ȼֻ밢޼, Щ֪ˣ⡣
ĩ˵ɫҲںŪδ, ѵԼдĲ, óĩˡ
µĹؼǳĩˣԼȷԼ̫ɵӵĹͷԳĩʱЩڡ
һΪԼӳǽףȻڵҲû¶, Գĩвδʲôߡ
δŶνԼŮ̫˽⣬˼ĴһֶֻĹ˼ִ˸жãð˾еķƹܣҪȥ
ĩǳЦδ˴̬ȹϢºͣʱδ˴ʲôԸܼҵţ˳Ҳ˶Ůڳ
ڷԸЩʳĩУΣ
пɡ
δСֹֻпǿɲУô֪
δ˱˾ƣ֪ʲôʵ̫ĩľϾڸȾƣżᣬҲǳüȲɲǧ
δ˲һһ˺þƣڹٳô꣬ǲض˵ûδкʱ
߽ĩߣ˳䣬δ˲С϶ͬƣҪŲסǿš
˶յ˾ǰǵΪ룬ĩк˴뻳У⼸յ˼źá
δڳʱסĳ嶯Ŀ󣬽˵ⲻ˼Ҳʱؽʡ
δ˻أܵľٶЩڣߺҲûִӳĩЩҲ
δ˲δ֣û˼´ʱ䣬˳ĩУкܶҪ
ڳĩиδ鷿δֱӿżɽ˵ΪϮʧ˼䣬⵽ô£
Ҽ̵ΪҼĸΪĸ׵밢йأĻԹޣɱˡֻ˵ڰϵ˿ڲȴΪɱڵͿ˶ҩж˶գҲʧȥ˲ּ䡣
ʵЩ꣬ûпȥ֪з£鷢ĶˣٻᴫһЩҵĶЩ£֪ġ
ˣǡ
δ˰ִ˳ĩеĻ֪Щ鰢пԵģ˵˽ҲգΪ˸ĸģܲԼŮıԡСͲӣҲ£ˣ涨Ȼʲôòȥԭͷ
˵꣬δעųĩУЩѹȣЩԭ򣬵Ϊʲô
һֱ鷿ſںţȻ֪˲Ŵһ뵽˼ûô棬ƫƫ׵׹ϵͷ׻ǽŲѡ
ĳĩвϲΪδ˽ʱǸ㲻̫ơ
ú鷿Ųű򿪣һǰһ˳ɫϿ˶ı飬ֻòҲݡֲҲ˺Ů֮䣬ԵЩ
δڿ鷿ſڵҲ֪ͷ˶ãһǷĲһʱŮɵĲɣ֮УйƵ΢һȻͬ߰ɣȥ˵
Щ׼̬ȣתͷδĳĩС
ĩȴǶһЦȻ˳ǣ֣ôδֱɿ
δ˰̳Ů˺򿪣ҾͲʳԵĹˡǰ㣬˵УǻȾƵģ̳ŮԭǴڰóȵģǻ˭˼뵽̳ӾƣһֶꡣԽԽ㣬ֻ̳Ҫ㴼ԡ
ĩǲδƣδӹƺδŸԼһһ
ƹȻԽԽ㣬ֻǾƾҲһͬӵģĩ֪δԾƷƷȻ˿ˡδףЩά˵˳ĩȻҲߵ˵
δ˵üĿҲΪЩŹάĻչ˲١


һ

µ, ƺҲûԼô⡣ŵ΢΢Щ
ֻһһѾ䣬ԹǸȣȴƫƫ, ŰѶԷſ²źá
ſűüȾżСû, ݾƴƣԷ˵泦θ, ôܵˡ
οĩҪ̶̼մӾ, Ȼÿӳ̣һ·Ҳ֪ûаʱԷһĿĵأ㱻͹ƺ, Ҳ֪θܲܵס
δ, СûɣȴǲûͷûԵͺȡһѾƺ
ָƺĩƺִһ
оֱᰴ˼, ˾ƺ, Լյͷ˾ƣյһ
, ȴںһյƣȻǲʤƵĵϡ
, ˣδ˳Ƴ, ϾˣʵҲЩŲסˣŻûѳĩкſ£ǹɲľͷ֧, ǿȥĩбȵΪӮһǹɾȻҲȥˡ
δ˵ºȴԭôжĳĩкȻֱǺˡ
ˣطɡ
ųĩкθδ˻ȥ벻žǹװ
뵽װͼԭŭȫɢ͸оˮĻûĵŭֻеȡ
δ˲ڣĩȻپţȻǣ֣ļ䣬ղң
᲻룬ֻ룬ȴûڵ֪Ȼſʱ𾪡
ôȻˣ
Ϊյţȼᵽӳɽ죬뵽ˡκ޲ͬһȻôյźˡ
û뵽ĩлֻΪԭȻý͵˼ֲǷɡ
㣬кβͬʵˡ
ɿ۾ʵķ⣬顢ϽŲۣȴ̳һƬ
ɳĩȴɿ֣ת̧ഥŨܰһ㣬Ҳҵģ𣿡
óĩǸܻܻˣθң֪һֻãȻȵĶǡ
˯ȥǰ뵽˸òǹδ˹İɣȻź÷¡֮˵ʵĻûڱ˷֮С
δ˺ȶ˾ƣڶѵ׻δǰ³緹
ĩб¸˳żֶһ³Ľչ˵ԼûȫݺݵһۣٲϸжֶŵĻᡣ
ĩҲǼþգңҹǣҲûʲôѵá
ĩ֣ϻ䲻ͣǺͬ˵˻ʵλ֪˺Щ£úͬ˵˵ģЩɱǰˡ
ųĩУδĩеĲֻ˵ˡá
ţһͬǰʱδýĩȴûһԼȴͣȲõˡ
δɫ̫ãϽؽѾůθʳȥ
ֻǷϣδһԲﲻҴ
û£ֻЩͬ˵˵ţδϯĩԺϡ
зԸֱֱǡ
δȴҡҡͷԾλƣԽպ󡣡
պҲҵĳ֣кη
ɵֻ֮գǱʧ֮ʱȶҵϣгһԳ֮㣬ƽ¡ֻǰҲһֱƽʱа
ˣʲôԲں»⣬ҲͬĺܵΨһŲµֻжŮһ˶ѡ
˷ˣû㱣֤ҶỤһȫΪͬҲҵӣһˣԼӶãкαȥǽɽ
ǾͶס߰ɡҪȴô뿪ߡЩҲûȻѡߣǾ֪ġ
ѡǲʧȥ䣬ʧнһУѡ񻹻
ǲҲҪֻԼߣ˭Ҳߡ
һֱڷеųĩлʵδ뿪ʱɫ̫ãΪ㲻׼δ˵뷨δ˻ԳĩŮ⡣
ҵȣĩлطϽӭȥҵȥ˵Щʲô
ң
ĩЦſϲޡ̫죬˿ǵҵ
ҶмӣλҵҳȥֻҹھеһЩ¡




, ʼ㶼͵˵Щʲô
ĩȴδ˵Ǿ仰Ȼһ, ҲʱһЩ¸֪ˡ
˿ϣؿķ˿, ԼȶЩ
ʵˣǵ֮, »ʮ׵ĳ̶, Ļʹ֪˭ȴ޷㱨𡣡
̫𣿡һ˲뵽̫ӡ
Ȼ֮޷˵ôָʹ֮, ȴóĩ֪˭, ޷ֵˣǱֻ̫ˡ
û
ʵλ֪̫ӡߵˡֵԭ, Ϊұ, 𣿡
ԡ
ҲףǲǱֵ, һֱ£ΪҪ㣿
Ķ, ı, ȷңʵǱֵܣֵܣ
ֵܣԣӦƬ, ŷӦʲôǱֵܣֵܡǣӣ
ǵͬ˵ƹұƹƴǸӡʺ¶ֵ£ʥƹֻ֪֪̫ٻ졣
ôĶӣ
ȷʺնģܲԻػʱ˸պҲУԺλǱֻҪ˵ʥϽϵ֣ƹͬһ췢Ż˵ĺӵ˸
ĩ뵽ոյ֪ʺıƹọ̈̄ߺ󣬺þòŸҴȥ
ֻû뵽ǣΪ𾪵ȴںͷӳ鷿͵ӳ˸ڸＸûʲôڸУС͵ȥס
ֻճţ㱻ǿдˡΪ˹ӣȴû뵽˰һԺͷԺ˵֪˺󣬱ת
ܿϳ˴˵ݣʥϡ
ɻʥΪҪôһʱʥ߹ؿǵʱ
֪ΪҪ𣿡
˵ֻҡҡͷ
֪˭𣿡ʡ
Ǳ¡Ϊӣûټʥˣܲʶ
Ҳ㸸ʡ
֣һʱЩӦãȻؿʥˣΪҪ˵Լĸʡ
ʥȻ֪᲻⣬ǽһЩԹͬϤ˵һ顣
һգ֮ǰȻ߸˸ףþûܻعӦֻǸΣʵȴһжʵġ
֮ӣǱƹĶӣĸǱʺĸױ
һΧüȲȶƫƫظ϶ӵơ
ƣܱܣΪ֪Լܸӣ˿Ҳû˻һΣһȴһˡ
һ˷ϵĶӱͷѪȻҲûֺãˣȴñ̨һ
֮еı˷֢һӡԸ壬ƢŹ֣˸ǡ
Щ£УֻۣǣʥѵûĴȹ𣬻ʺ˼ܹ㣬ȴͲһˡ
Щ֪ܲϵΪˣĩֻ赭дһʴ֪ô򵥡һ·ǳ˶ĥѡ
ĩȻӵڻУ
ΨһʵòȹõģȨıƣֻԼúòá˰ܹ֡
ȨѾʥйȥӰʥȻڿ˵𣬿ôˣȴӲԻʺʲô
ĳԾɫӻ޶Ѿܿգʺûɽƾ͵ѹֲסһ¡
ôλܳʷٳޣɼʥǶôųܡѸԸǿѹڳĩϣŵĳĩܼϮ֮λǱֱס˻ʺĸ壬ǱǶԻʺı
ĩѿʥ˼ȴʥ޴֮࣬ͬҲֵĸ֮顣
֪ʱǿеذѳ޼ϣ˺ޣҲ˺ˡ
ᵽʥˣֻгֻһޱȵĵԸڱ£á
ݵ£ʺƾʥҵһ˿˳ϣ鵽˵顣ֻʺҪʥ˴Ķֻ࣬װ֪Ҫ֪֣Ҫ׶ˡ
ȼɱĩΪµ֣ϽҲж֪꣬ûֶܵͷԣʥ˸֪ʵݵʱ
ųϣ˺ܶҪֶεˣǱֻͨĻʺˡ
˫һֱнţϵȴһֱţЩ֪ĳǶãڡУҪһģֻ


һ

Ҳ̫Ϊλᰲӽĩеԭ
òԼӳĩ, ܻԼ볯ĽãҲЩ
ֻЩ£û, ĩҲ˵ֻ֪Լֻĩе, ڼ䵽Щʲôȴ֪
ʵ˵Щ, ֻǼΪ֪¶, ȫͬһҲ£Ҳи, ǹ˶ʱ, Ҫˡ
ͻȻҲΪȥŵԭɡ һƵؿųĩУѹûŹ
˵жԵʣ֮ȴġٿؽϺᱧ, ϡΪıѾ㹻֤ҵ, ǲüӰС
֮ⷬ, ˲Ǻ֮Ѳһ, ÿһ˵ǰ˽ܵĻ, ǻеɬѵ˵ʲôأ˵ֲ˼
ɳĩȴս۰ûмšΪɬ̧ͷ, Ӻ󾱴¶һѩ׵ļ΢΢ϡɼµĺۼ
ĩɫеŨſҧȥǺߺۼ⣬ȻҶģҾñ⵱õģֻз֤
ס˲ѿڶĻ֮ȴȾ⣬۲תƹ˵èֻʧأ޲þʹ˲һУźá
αҧĶƸղűҧɺǰ΢ʹΪشයŪţ֮֮ǰǱѹŵĵǳᣬй˳
Լվ/±˳ĩЮƣµأԶ
ƽԼǱˣңҵиһ˶أο˼Һú˵£ÿ˼ƫȥʵ̫ˡ
ﻹвɢȥ顯ƫֲŭ⣬ίֻ֮кúðĳ嶯
ֻԼУѡԭҲֻһⶺŪһˣȻ˻𣬵Ҳѹȥ
ǱǷšҿɫ㲻Ĵ𣿡
ûóĩôԼƫƫͺȻϨ˻һ㣬һʱЩ֪ηӦźá
ʱĩѾǣ֣ȥ϶һ̬ƷŲȼ𲻴ڹһ㡣
ĿһֱţĩдǹǳЦΪ·ɢܿ⣬ֻҪУҵҲҡ˵գ΢΢
ϽջĿ⣬ȴٴֻ뵽ÿʧ̬ȴԼȻ˲ľűһϣ㻹ûشأ㵽Ϊζ
α㲻ٳģ뿴ĩлʲô۸
ɳĩԣȴЩοǰķӦг˰
˵գһ˲Ĺĵʼþգ¶̫Ͳˡ
оƿʼңӼȻλ̫ȻϴȻٶҼȲΪۣȻеġ
⻰Ժ̫Ӳ֪ͶӶԵ𣬰˵ҪӣֱӸ֪ʵݣʲôʹŶ԰
ǲŵģҲԸȥţСԻӵݳԼӵݣǻӣǻλֿɼǲǻѪͳǲѪλҪ
뵽ҲòŽԼݣԶӶԣ֪ʵֻǶԷĹƣֻҪʥϳǣ˳Ķӡ˿ɣλ֪һһɱ˱ǡ
ܿ㷴ӦԼȻ֪ãǱԳ¶𣿡
ھػǱ̫ȶȥǰ棬һʯһ˫ٺòȥ˸ʹǰһ£ʹһʱȻǺò˵ģÿԶЩʱա
û뵽ĩֱ˲ʹ壬ʹĲʹһǸȱʥϣҲûֱҪӹ֣Ȼⲻڸһ
ǰѾ𣿡ȻЩƣ˵ɾǲ̹
ŵٸһϲģȻż˳⣬ЩʱҲ
⻰Ǹ̹ЩĽͣǾµܣв֪ʱСŤ
ֻ˳ĩһۣٿŤͷʱ˵˾䣺ƭӣ㿴ҿ㡣
˱ŤȴʮֵĿɰ˻СèǺǲ㣬ƫƫǽֻϲÿɰĽ޲úһźá
ҳĩ֪Լ˵ʵضӦΪ˼ƻ˲ݸ塣




ƭ, Σ
ҡһʱ仹벻Ρ
𣿿ɻһ˵Լֲֽˣûȥɡ
˵Լ׷óĩϴ, ҲСŮ˼ˣûĩ·ܿųĩ·һ, Ҳѵá
ͨˣԼⲻ, ǵû·, ԼȱϷŪһǵȫޡ
ԼǺӣЩ, ˵Լ, ֽҳˣǱ㲻˵ˣҪҴĴ, Ǳ߰, պҲ˳仯ж󡣡
Щгй, ΪȴǲµĵʲôԲûĵȥ
ͬĩһ, һκúù俴, һθĳ
δӪ꣬ûвϵġ
ᶼ˵δΨһŮʢˣŮҲںһĲС
δ˵ĶŮǻҼε, ССͣȴü־δηò֮ػ䳤󣬶ȻǾĴ˶
Ůȴδһ棬ֻ֪˾λȴһζϹѫŻþλĶ棬ǿѪľռݳһϯ֮λ
Ӵθǵһˣȴδ˵ŮŮ˭ļӿֵ˼һΧȥʱΧ˸ˮйͨ
û뵽Լһ߱ΧˣһúԼܲڵԼ½
ĩȴɫǴǵˣǣ֣˽ֶǼõò˭˶ÿһвŮò֮ϡ
ֻ˭봫ǸӲֶǿƵ㵽λߵγɵѰ˲ֱӣѩɣӡ
ۿΧ۵ԽԽ࣬Ҳǹ䲻˵ġ
ĩֻ֣ص
ֱסߣЩ֮ǰŻģҶġ˵գ濴˳ĩеǵ֮ɫ˵ͦÿġ
ѵܴɬ㻰ĩֹɵ°ͣ밢ۣȷʵ⻹ǵһҡ
٬ľٶѾʼӦˣǰ̺ⲻ켸ġ
ֻס°͵֣ͷĴ˼£ҡԺˡ
峺ǵĶⷬóĩ˳ƽ˴˻Уҧһ£㲢û񵽵ײھУҹЩڿɱ
΢΢ʹɸǲ⣬ʲô
ҡ
֪ĶʲôƿƲȭֻڳĩеĺϣǼ̶ȵĹ
ˣˡں庢һ㣬ĩȻǹ䲻ˣȥϡЩĵط
ϡ־ɫѵģ⵹ķһԽ
ò⣬Ϊʢο֮أȴһҰֲհڴˣ¶Ļĵء
δԸڷɳ󣬲ľ⣬Щľ߳Чǵñ߷һ鳤뻱ǿʱǺÿóͷ߷ʻȥ
Ҳж겻ˣ꣬㹻µı仯
ͺñֵķΧعˣ뻱ڰشƬĿһƬ̣еϣǱܼľ¡
֮ǰʱŵ˴䣬Ϊ˵ƽƷ
ĩ֪ΪʢʳζľģδȴñòľĻֲ֣ɼ
óӹǣߣڲ㣬ۻڡ˵գʾ
Ϊĩģȴûڵ֮󣬾ͬһƥıϡЩӦŤŤӣô
˵ۻۻ˵գĩмȥ
ľΪ֣ݺУС֮ڣľʡ
֮գ˳ȴοĿ󾮲ȥ⣬ĵط̤һ顣
Ȼ˾˶Ͼӷһ򲻼ѣѵͬʱ뾩ȥȻ˺ǵñٷꡣ
û뵽ԷƽֻԼɽˮҲСԱ͵غİݷãľֻȥһ㡣
ֻǳĩд˷ǴŲʹȥ˴ѵĴʲȴĲΪֻһ֣˾⡣Ȼǲ֮ˣΪ浽ʥ


һ

Ȼ, ֪ʥһΪ˵ģûϡģǱ˽¸֪ͷ, 洦
˵̫һȴĩǿѹһͷƫ̫ĸ, ƽʱѹãֻɷʲĩߡ
˭֪, λ, ĩ̫ӵˣаѱϣԴ̫ӵһĸ, ˫
ֻǶҲǴ, ͵һ뵡µɲԶԳĩʲôӰ졣ӺȻǰĿġ
Ҳĩд˶ĽˣɲΪŮ鳤С£µˡԭȱ²͸Ŀ, ֪Եɡ
ܽĩд̫ӹȻǺ, ˳ĿģӾҪֱӶԸĩõĶࡣ
Ҳְȥ, ֪ͨǳĩеˣ֮ǰθⰲˡ
ʱδжλ֮, ̫ӻǻʺĽĻ, ȴ֪һ㣬ǰ鱨
ϢȻ
ɿϢ֮󣬶λ˻, ز
θūˣĩڷ˵ʱȻΧźŵˣȴҲû̫
̽Ӷڴ£Ųľڸǣ˵ĶԻһһʮ˽ȥϽдǰ㱨
Ϊ͵̽ϢԶȻԸ鱨ʵԣȴòϣްʵ
ǸʵĶӣĶӣĴֻΪĩڻ
ôɱĸ֮ޣҲǺ޴ˣôλʲô壿
Ӵʱ統֪ĳĩһ㣬һʱԽܡɵֺ͵껹ͯĳĩвͬ
С㰴ʥҲûٶ֮ԼԻʺһĳ޻ȡ̫ӵҰġ
ԻҰĲʱı壬Ҳֻһ˲ѡ
ǼΣ˵УǶӣĸʥϵķƹͬжյʸ
˵ʥϵĶӣ£ֻҪʥϲϣ˿ĻѪͳ
ԭΪԼֻҪ̫ӻʺһӵ£Ҫ黹ҪĶࡣ
ǵڶһ磬ȥʥϡ
һ˵ϣûȫţֲܲȥţԶ빬ʥһͷҲŶ෬˼
̽һʥ϶ԳĩеķӦ
ʥ˶Զһºеģ磬ϣһǳ䵱ϸĽɫġڶӽʥϱͣеıʡ˰
μʡ
޿ʲô£ʥϾͨռºĵĸףŽҵ빫
£֪յûС˵꣬һֱעʥϵı顣
ʥԣ¶֮ɫҲֻǾΪյķӦ
ʥָָһǣЩ㶼ǵӣҪһְ֮޿ûصĳ̶ȣ²ϰȥҲϤϤػź°
ʥϴһ̬ˣʵڿʴȵĿԡ
ǷȻǴӳģһĿȴ̽ʥ϶Գĩе̬ȣȫġ
ʣڶȴ˻ʺһĴûᡣ
ʥû뵽ӺȻ˵ⷬظϽվǽж֪˵ʲô
ӿɲ±ʺЩԸǲƽȻ֪Ϊʺĸ壬ڶ˻ʺһ·ѵʲΪ˷õĻ𣿡
ʥԣöǰȷʵõĻûҽ˾һȱʱǴ˿𳯳ۺӶѹ˼ֻ뵽ʺһȻҲ뵽ĩܰǰΣȻƽָȨ˵ȥأ㰡̫Щ
ʥ˵ЩĻûп˵ⷬҲΪ̽ʥϵ̬Ȱˡ
ֻʥϵĻش̬ȣöӶǸʿ׼ˣܸ֪
ʥϲ𣬶ǿŵŵڻǲĸǽж
£Ƕ³çˡ

ӽɻ󣬴ӹгʱνͨ泩ԭȽʱɫҲһɨա
뵽ʥͬ˵Ļ벻Ǹʣвǫ̂꣬¹Ϸˣˣֻ˻භһ˫˫ߺǡ
ֻҲԼǲҲǱŲϷһǣʥϵı֤װ
ͳĻѪɡ˵ĩУΪūĹ߰ˣôһֱŸԿʺһĹߣ˹ȷûöֽʱ
ӻҪһģϾʺһ߱鲼ʹ⣬ôĳı滮ҲܷһѪǡ
ͷûʱ˶֣䲻ɣʥΪĸ̼ӽγǷһְĴ




õϢʱ, ̫ڻʺ밲Ŵ£²û, Ҳܲˡ
ǵ潫϶𣿳Ƿ˵͸ʱƹı
ʺǲ̫ǰ㼱꣬ɫҲ˵Ϻÿ, 㸸˼أֻҪ϶һղԼ, һն׵ĸӡ
ǿҪȥͱ϶ݣ
Ϊ㸸ʽǷ϶Ϊʲô, ɲ϶ʼԼݵĲԾȥ㸸ǰ˵Щʲô㸸Ȼð, ׳ЩնŲˡ
Ҫ˽, ʺΪûܱ˽ʥϵˡ޶ίߣྴسıƣµǰٶ, Ƭ̱, Ա̫Իǽţᷴǲ
ѵǱߣ̫, ܽˮģҲֻгĩˡ
ǲ, ֮ܶ϶ǰ鷳, Ϊ·Զܰǲɣⲻ֪鲼ǵߣʱҲعȥҲ̫ڱˡҼǵӵû, ɻظȴ޴󰭣ǰѾ̻𡣡
ڵļһãοôδ̫ӵʤ㶼ǸЩδۻδǻǰͶ£̫ӵǻɵۺǿֲܸһ
ƽӹµµܶȻ˳˼һȻ̫ӡ
ҲΪΪ̫һߣ̫Щܷδˡ
ֻ㲻ϣѱδ˻ûģʱΪôһ
ھ˲ŹκλеĩȻԤϵġ
˵ųȥ˵İѱҲȷܼĴȥˣڰѼСè忪ĺ󣬳ĩпʼδЭѲĴο
Ĵοһ룬һȥҪա
ãЩʱ㿪ʼˡ
ΪδĩһͬȥοѲ飬һ±û׽ˣտʼĴƣʱˣҲˣοȤ¶û
οδ˱һ£漰еĹԱ壬δϴԩȻһϴɵƵĺǧټС㣬֮䲢ûжĽ顣
Űݷû磬ԶٴʸĿģмƣҲδҪ鷳֮ڡ
ƽʵģҲֻܿơ
֮ӣļһֱûлָļ󡣾ͬ˵ģҩ޲ʱȼЧʶҩʧȥЧõԭ
ڴʱһһص
һһظڶ죬ӣǰһۡ
ԣǾʶʱоʶһͬ˵˵ٲ̫ġο⻹Լ۴ķ棬ûȥܾġ
ԵڶգϸԼһȥ
ŷһθͣſڣ֪δ˵ŮķˣˣϽǰӭ
˵ֻʱأţȴͬˡδˣǽ߻ľеͣ˵լҲ˵õġ
ֻҲ֪ǲʱǸϲǰĸЩ˶μ䣬Ҳ֪ʱ͵լݲٰ֣Ŀڴͷˡ
˷磬ȻҲ˱ҷ˵ģЩеǰʱĶס
ǶλҲǺ棬֪Ҳϯ㶼˷˼֡
ǰʱ˵߷׷䵽ϡǸһᣬҪʼˣھʱ綼龳йѹҪ
ȻĺЩϣ̽Ŀ⣬󷽵ߵǰ
ϽЦкˣ¡
ƢڳСǶ˽⣬Ǿۿˣ߸ϵģܵԴ˱˽ĻҪư
һ¼䣬˶̬ȱ㹧
Ȼ뿴ģֻȴάУ뵽ؾǰʺ󽻴£˿ڲ裬ǵǾҪû꣬һұһ̻ͬġ
Ϊ¶г̣ȻҲŵģʱҲӣֻ֪飬ȷź
Ը͹⸰磬Һ⡣
ΪκȻ˵
ڲܲٷСΪ仰ɫˣԼǵŮȦˡ
ϾǰЩûյӣȴƶˣƫƫǵˣȻ磬УɲԳƲˣȥġ


һ

һʱе׼仰⻹, ɲ⻹⣬Ѿˡ
׹Щ֪Щ, ȥάϵǱǵ
ҲˣҲһˮƽˡ
ƫƫǵ, ˣǵˡ
뵽ɴĲһ, θ, ڳλС㣬ɽԳټҺ壬ľ߷, , ȻӰ쵽廹йٳϵʣô뷽跨С
ˡǰ磬ҪΪЩ겻عЩİ, û׼׵, ˼ҵһƬǲˡȴǲͬǳھľʶ, Ϊֶ˺׺ڣ̤ʵࡣָҷС, ҪĹ, ˳հǰ˺Ķˡ
Ľͣڳ˶ԭ˾ǲƽʵġ
ֻΪƽʶӣҲ, οڳŮԣǼΪģһʼȻ̧˲١
ֻǹָ߿ȻޣκһܱǷŴȥ
ԽҶ̴㲻Եǰ߸ϣƽֲʲôڳҲʲôխС֮ˣ֪ھнȦĶ⣬Ȼٶ롣
ֻ˵Ǹ˺׺֮ˣȴҹͬ
Īۿ˵ȥ˾ǣͱӣҲѹֵģϾ󣬵ȷܸ߸ϣȨ֪٣ɲ÷̬Цӭϡ
ЩŮе׳էûʲôԹҲȻȴǲͬ￴ĿǸ̬ģڰ̡
ЩԭĿĹپΪԹӶźƶǵδģӶøٴνδ˴ٳйȥļƻƲ
ȴû뵽Խ̣һڻŪ˹ȥ
ƽʣ뵽ھе˵ǵ˾޶࣬һǾгķ꣬޵ĲУϻôЦӭǿʵ벻ƽմϱߡ
οЩҧ޵ΪǷȥ˶ѡ
Ȼʧˣ˽ʵ츳ǴСɵģֲȫʧ˼䣬᲻ƽʣ
ǫѷҪ֪ھпһǷͷʢġļҰҪû뵽㣬ǱﶼҪЦġ
ԭΪԼĴⷬһȴٵԼ˼ˡ
ܾ˵ЩĿˣ߸ϵӡ󣬴Ӷϲ
뵽ԼھȦҲԼôȴΪ̫ӣɶ˼ӡ
Ҳ̫һˣǣԼʱĺ񲻶αװֻܾⷬǿʼϾԣĿ껹ǳĩС
ĵ˼ţЦⲻֺ˿ЦЦȨ࣬ھʱҲӷ˰ˣҹڣ΢ģĸҷ
ĻŷЩϾ˵ûһӷˣŵȷ󣬿ɷŵУȴǲģ±Ŀɽǻʺ󣬿ɻʺǳ͵£裿οһֵڳ˶жš
ƫĵĹĻţҪúòŹˣС΢˻ߵȥˣɵ͸˲Żȥɡ
˵ⷬ˵ƤǳھеĽȦӻûһصӷҪĹ㣬ɼλʮֵһ㡣
û뵽ԼⷬԼһ±˵ףֻһŸڳ˵ﵽءҲ˵̫࣬±ߣӶת˻ûôˣǹ͡˵գ˴
ô꣬ɳԲصĳʳģĳӽӾˣĲҲǵصصʢˡ
᳡е裬ȴߵĵӣϤСǹ𼸷֮УǶ˴ȴĪᵽһϤζһʱ벻ʲôζڳ˳ǰһװ磬ˮ۵ϢһЩľ˺ܿ˹ȥ
ֻǵų輧ǵ赸ٴγεĳ
ĺԺȹɴϳ輧ϳΪȡ֡
ֻᣬݿʼ׿ȥȴһ±
ĩоУЩزڰԣһ־žƱһͷΪѬȾЩʧ񣬵߿ʼ£ʱһԼǱҰ޶һ㣬ԭĳ豻ȡһ뵽ʱԩĸףǿѹº£ǿԼ̧׳ĩеײһ



˫۾, δڳĩϿģ񱩶Σգж˵, Լ߰ڷŵʳû赲ѱƤ˺ҧɾ
Ϊɪһ, ɽ㿴׵ĳĩ˹ֳס, Ƶڵϡöʲô, ˣ
һ˲䣬˶ͣе֣ŵؿźȻŭ, һ°š
ڵ, ֱ۱һ˿ڣѪסȾȹƬ䡣۵ֻҧŴ, ҳ
Ϣ, Ҵӣ׾˾Ц, Ϻݺ˼£ûõĶ, ҳ׳, үˣֱ
ʱϵδȬ⼸, оԼѪȣ۵Ѿ˵
Ҫǲ裬Ǿٻһ֧˵ţҴ֣輧£ȴȻûкʹſڵϡ
ҴӶؿһۣ˽߶⡣һ̣״ϣҾ˵ͷ
Ҳ֪Լڵ˼ʱֻԻָһЩ֪һȳһյػص˼Сֻ֮δһУԡȴ¡Ҫμסյ裬ЩʩϵЩʹ࣬Ҫǰٱ
Ƿʹżĸնٴһ ǸѾȥܶ꣬ס豭ȴֹסزֻܷ²豭ֲؽС
ϵһλ˲ĲԾСףˣɫΪ԰ףﲻ
һ˷׷װĿƵϡ
Цҡҡͷ޷ģͷ̫ɹԭ򡣡
ͷɹ˷׷̧ͷ죬ͷ󣬿ϯλȴڱͷɹҲɹĪΪ岻ʣȴ˵ĲŽ˵ͷ̫͸ɹģ
ԽԽǣŶЩƵӵԭ򣬶˽͡Щ岻ʣǵԼΪȴƲõģƶûأǿŲμɲǳŲסˡ
˼ˣϽͬ׼Ͷ˵˴£ǱƺЩʣҪ
ʣԣϽߵߣɫȷ԰׵ﰵȴһƬ֮ɫɫſǲˣȻȥЪϢɣҲ͵ˣؼǿŵġ
ȷҪҸĵطƽһ±ҵԣһǸ󣬱뿪
ֻǴҪʱȽŻЩ֮ˣϽǰӹϵ֣һۣһ̡ͬ
ŵζʱϤֻһʱûʲôѣҲ֪ȼҩ
һűߣ֮ūţԸκδ
뵽ҩʱȼЧƽ˯ǰѾ׼ҩЧȻѣôһһֱûָκεļ䡣
û뵽ֱ˸䲻⣬ᣬ֬ζڸȼҩЧõȷˣֻȴ㲻ʹļ䡣
̾˿ЩģҲ㣬ϾҲ޷ҵļ䡣
뵽ȻҰ׵ɫ㿪ʼȼҩˡСĵ̽ʵ뵽ʲô
ҲûЩʲôױڼһЩ£ֻû뵽ҵľǰ㡭ʡ˵գ۾ٶԡ
ˣСǰͷĳЩЩ
θֱ˯һĺɫʱֻû˽źϴڴһᣬһ˼
ǵԼʹĩУʱʱشûУӡ˵ĳʢգ֪ԭʢǰν
ֻһ뵽ǸĩУоͷһڣĩһֱģʱȵȪˮůȴˣܿУԸ
ǰº͵Ϊλôһ˫񱩴Ѫ۾ȻջָǶμʱ֮ǻĺ⣬侲ۣǸ֪ĳĩУûʮ׾ʲôŻôһ˫۾
Ȼĩϸڶ赭дغ˹ȥԼӲ˽ˡ
ӣŻգҲûˣԭȴǸˡ
ֻǻûȵˣȵĶ׼ʱܼǰѶ˵ү͹үǰһ
ΪӦЩȤС⣬ɵӣһ۵Ľ޳ҹĻ±̧ȴʼо

һ

ֻǸЩֻ˵, ôǶһŲ֪
ֻǳѲ飬ôѲô˵ͷԱϵĲĩлδ˵Ϊ, ôǻᱻ򶯵ˡ
θⷿļʱ֣֪ôãֻĵصǻͬЩԭ򡣱Ϊպܿ, ֻҪǻˣ⼸ӵ˴ķʽ
ĵ, ȴǻ, ֻ˸ŵ˵µ˹̣ǻҪղܻ
ʼסˣĵܾӦ·, ֻκԼʲô֪, ԣҲûκΰ취˼ȥ˹ܼҡ
ܼ֪ƽõĹԱЩ
ƽ˽, ˵, Ӧε֪ˡ
ְ֪ͨศ, ȴ໥Ͽ֪Ҫͨа뼶, ʵͨȨ󡣵֪ݳ̴˱ǲδеȨ, ѹΪ˲Ųϧδˡ
֪ˣΪԸӹΪ, ƽıٹЩ͸ϻ磬Ū񲻿գ˹ٳͷĦǸ׳Ϊ֪ġ
ܼңȥݸӣŰݷϷˡ
Ϸ뵽˵ǸƽʵģôˣҲݹ˭ҵӣԼǵһյģҪˡ
ϸ뵽үظͬԼ˵Щ£Ϸ룬˻ǰθˣֻ˵ҼϷ⼸իԡͣ㽫˻ؾˡ
˽˼ʱֹһ󣬡Ϸ֣ǰڳôżձ㿪ʼիԡˣ
ԣȴǳģ֮ǺεϤĳǰδԩƽɲǺȻ˸ֻرܵɡ
ΪӹһŸϻ磬ûҰģ˲ԵûԽˣԽǻӰϵ鷳֮˵֪һҪְ֪ĶȻȱҪЩ
ܼңϽɼȥүкүڵȥǰ˻Щ
ָļ䣬ǰʱԽǶľеʱȻһȺٱɷ˵˸ף֮Թٳлߵؽ˴֮ڡ
ԷӺһļʹΡο뵽ĩеݣǻʺ̫Ҫı˵Աһ֡
ĿǰĹ۲죬ȻжȴҲǽڲſʼģҪһ˵ЩˣȴǲܵģϾδ˳ԹһοڵѾƿشЩԱô˵δҲôһֱȵһ˵λˡ
ºȻٱŵٴηֻСʻ괬Щû
ֻû뵽дҲǳǳһ㣬װŵģЩľʯͷ
һͬǰǿɶѵľʯͷһɵۡ⣬ǲԣ
⼸ľʯͷһ˲䣬ҲЩɵۣȴǲµЩʲô
ǰǣɫǶθĵˣڿֻⷿԼǼĽ鱦£Ӧ֪ʲô˵ʲô˵ɡ
һ˲ǺȻоİԭֻǽСǰ㹧Ҫ˵ηУࡣ
ᣬȴС֮˸ǵˣСΪһȺˣƽֻӺãūǺƣɵλߣôѰŮǰ㿴
뵽һ㣬һ亹ԸϽҵǲɶõƷ
Щūͳȥһڿִⷿһᡣʹ븸ܻ¸֮˰ɡܻ¸ôһȨû˽䴫С
֪ĩеʲôֻԼ²ڿȨˡ֪ⶼǳĩеļƻٰ
ȻƵģлİ취ǲҪԼϹˡ
֮ϴһ˯ˡֻҹΰѼ䣬վڴͷḧĵ¶ȻϢϤ ٵҲûֻۣסֻ֣˲䣬ٴγ˯ȥ
ĩҹϻģ˽Ǽ䡰˻֮ʱΪڶ࣬ܶ໰û취ֱӴ֪
յЩĪĲе£ڴеҪ֮ҹظϡ
ʱ±ȥⷿǼ
˯㰲ȣӦǲµļƻĩϲɸֳһĨοЦ⣬СèԶҪϻ۵ö࣬ൣˡ




ʱ, ۡߣǳĩа˯Ĳ
һ̣ЩԼ۾, ΪԼ˯ԺΡ
ɵִȵʱʶԼû, ĩĻˡ
㻶һ뵽⼸ĵĲ, еĻְԹ
ʱ, Ҫú÷ʡһźá
ƻţⲻ֪ĩ, û˶, ۣıĹĵı飬ŴʳҲ֪Щʲô, ľȤ, һ̣̽˻
һʱ, ȥײĩеı۰֮, Ųˡ
뵽ԼŵĴ, Сһ䣬һתȥ
⸱ֱŤӣӣ䰮֮˵, ôȤ˰ġ
ֽƢСèӵڻУĩ΢΢Ķ࣬Բ𡣡
Ǹ̫죬һԭƻõĴ㡣죬ƵصʲôǸ
Ϊ⼸÷㵣¡
㻹֪һᵣ°û뵽ԼôûϢ˵˵ž˿ǻ
Բ𡣡ӵڻУĩͷһǣ³ͻȻŵˡ
µôһ£
Ҳ³ˣڿ°ѱˡ
ܻ¸ûٳ˭ԣӶγ
ѩȻµҵĲ֡ĩеָƹķ䣬ȥӣҪˡ
ǳԺۣʱʱ̶ۣ̿ɲҪСңϾļ䣬ĽȦӣôҲҴСı£ʲôѵģ̇ųĩУǵɫ
ô˵˺߲ƽأ
ǵ˵Ļû뵽Ȼ֪ǲҵĽڣ̫ӵ
̫ռȨ֮ףȴû֪һְﰲԼˣΪ֪ͨкģ֣㲻ȫƿءֲ̫ȫĽټֻһˣõļߣȻҲͳ̫ӵ
Ǿͽ͵ͨΪջﶼˡ¿̫ӶȻΪԼԭ򣬶ԸʧȥΡȨˣɸľӪô̫꣬ȥ
ͻƿڣȻҪٳ˶飬ûԱ֧֣ϵȨڼܿա
ǰھмȨ󶼵˸飬ǲΪ̫Ӳ͹ԱãǽҶˣʵ̫ӰߵĶĿЩ̫˲飬֪𣿡ֲʳڵģպȻѯʵ
ĩӵؽӵڻУȥˣֻҪǵãҵޣ̫ûκιϵ͹ˡ
û뵽ԼΪ̫£ĩж֪ʯͷµͬʱɻ󣬡֪̫ӵˣΪλĴң÷𣿡
Ϊɫˡ
ʵùھü۷һһ綼ϣһ۱ݡҪл̫Ӱ͵ߡĻ죬̫ӼϸΣ֮˲ŻѡܣȾλ˼УҲڼˮһ
꣬ǶĵģӲĳ֮£Ҳˡ
ĩϸỳ˷ҵ㣬һ˿ΣһǸˣȴǱȾֻӲ͸պã˵˽ҲãֶҲգֻҪ˵ߵһֱԼǾ㹻ˡ
в֪ĩиӵᱻ˵Щȷš
ȷòɫȴǶ⣬ĩпľɫȻΪһĶԼ֪Լ̫ӶĿ⡣һֱɻѵġ
̫Ϊλ֪һܳɹۣѵǰѾù̽㣬ʧˣţһ뵽ǳĩϲģԼûкԵ֣Ȼһ
Ҫ˼룬վŵңҲѡˡ
֮һ˷ɣϾеʱú´档
˴µǣһ㲻˵ģοƥƽʳͲֹһ٣⾢ǳԵ˿ͣ
º۵һָͷ̧ɳĩȴһӵӣ׼ʳ󣬻ιߡ
𣬸ô·ǵ˰ҹŻû˯ãһûͿʼɵſµȴŵ;
ĹĿԼ񣬳ĩʧЦ˳²ǿֹסЦЦ֮󣬿ȴǸ棬һӰɣСè
û뵽ĩлȻӵĻ⣬ҲǣԼɻ꣬ԼҲ˫ʮͬ˵ĺӶˣҪҲȷͻȻ
ֻǡһ˿ǣԼĩгɻ궼УԵδǡС


һ

ͷһԲ, ĩΪǲԸǲԸҲ޷ӡ
ûвԸ³ĩᣬϽ͵ֻ, ΪҳɻҶйУЩ񡣡
ͬĻᶼ, һΣҪСĩȻʵ, ֻһȫƸ̫ӡΪǰ̫ӵ, ̫˺ӾͻһΪ˺Ӷÿ㶼±ҩŲйС
⵹˵ͨ, ֪Ĳ, Ƿ˲١ͳĩеĺӣӦûʲôأ
δպģĩзĲи˻Ϲͷܲ, ظʱ, ҲԴ¿ʼ˷Ӧ֮һ, ٳɷƽ˾ʵ򰵵ɿʼӿ
δ˰ѿô, Ȼ˴Υ, ȡ֮ȴҲеģδʧȥ̫ΣҪӹλ̨Щȡ֮˱ضܷһ
ֻⲿ˵, ǱšһԸҲ֡
ЩƵ磬̬̽ͬʱҲȨ֮СҲ֪˵ʥϵģԾղҲڲִ֮
ĩлָǰæµÿ鷿ͬδ鵽ĹһȺﰵﶢţǲκεĹʧ
ȻΪ෽սԭܴӸҾ̬̽Ƕⳡ̬ȣԽԽںѱ֤ĵľģѡĸǱ׼ʲôʱ͵˵ˡ
ЩӳҲССĵģԸپ̬ȣҲþȥʶǻŵֻӵЩｻһ꣬ȴһ
ⳡļڴ϶κģżŮźҩʳʱܿһӰ֪ǳĩУİٴγ˯ȥ
κʱ˺ܶ£Ҳ֪ǲֳʶʱȼҩˣҲ÷˼ȥ룬̫ʶأЦЩͻʣ֮۾һֱô˯š
֪Ļ˯ѿŻθˡһһ磬˵ΪѰĲΪβѣҲֻܽͳʵ̫ڲסڵļ
һλĴ󣬳ĩпŻ˯ѵ˵ҲѹƲס
úõˣȻԲѣֲʲôëֻпǱΪĶֽˡȻź˶ǾŵùģѱġߵūͻнӴ˶˱Ķ
̨£źһſ顣ĩƹ˾ֻжϰĺ֣ǰӲ佫Ƕ跨˿ǵ죬οԺǡ
ⷬ飬Ĳ鵽Ļ֮ˣֻЩҲֻҡڲ߸ձȴûüʲô㱻ʶơ
ϾҪ֣Ǳպ˵ĶڼҪӴ˲Уһ̽ЩĻģ߻ҡڲˣȴûõ˵Ļᡣ
ĲΪ£޹ء
Ȼ䣬ĩ뵽ʲô׵飬뵽ָҩ
ǵøյҩʱҽ˵ҩ˯ʱͬһͬȼʱŵҩ»ĳ̶ȡ
ʱźѾ߲ˣο黹Ƿй֮ˣǶ֣ȷ˻ỳʲôȻǾĵʿҲѱᱳѡ
˵ĵʣϲԻң¼ȼҩʱ仹дĲ˳
ū֪ҩ˲ʱȼԾūνǺүū澵ģūԸ֤Լס
һϸ¼ĲһʱʼǵüΪϸҩҲм¼
˵ҪαҲףĩдĲӣһϸ¿ȥ
˵߹һöҩ
ǵģʱūŷӦҩȥõҩˣϾǻ˷˵ᣬΪҩļӺҪĳɷ֣Ҳ޿ɺǡ
ҩȥҩгɷ֣
һǲԸ֪ҵǲ֪ġǰ˻֮ʱȥеĳɷ֣Ƿ˸֪ū澿´˿ɲ֪飬ūҲ֪Ƿõöҩ衣
£ĩģƽտ˼ԶˣǲԸ֪⿿ʵȷֲˡ
һöҩ裬оеĳɷ֣˭ûнҩˣԼţֻ
ĩµľöҩУΪԼӺĹߡ
ȥϸһ·ең¯еǷеҩվһС




¯ҩ, õ水˵ǲµģȻ£Ҳѱɨɾ, һ˿ҲŶԡ
ɵ˴¯ʱȴ¯һСңɫϿ, Ҳǰµġ
ǰϸһ, ֻϤҩȼζˡү, ȷʵǵҩȼҡ
û뵽˿ӺҽƵĵҩҩЧأҽԼ֪֮ܵҩ֮ʲô
ֻ֪ҩõȴǲ࣬ȴҽ, Ҳͳĩ֪, ֪ҩĽ֮
뵽һ㣬²ôˡԸκγͷʧ, Ƕġ
ԭ֪ʱ, ĩֻ뽫Ӻ֮ʬΣɿŴϳ˯ѵ, ĩǿԼָ侲
ûֱӴ飬⼸սȫָ˳
֪, õҩ, ȻģԶȻȥҩгɷֵġ
ҩгɷ֣Ǿͱ֮ˡʧļ䣬ǲ, ȻҲòµˣҵˣʵΧССθǼˣš
дµ⼸ս棬ĩпˡϴʡ֡
ĩϴʣϸϸ룬صϴʽŷ˲ˣǰźҩȷڷһṦֻϴʽһԷģѷ˵ġ
ǵ꣬ȷƵͣȴǰ£ȻҲûһ˵ǣȥϴʸҴǵԼ˵Ѿϴū˼ңϴʶŮ˫
ϴʻģΪûѡҲûǣҡѳɼңһ˫ӣԺӵвվȻƽбһ
źҩŻȼҩҩȼʱζҩĿζһ𣬳֮ˣ¸ֲˡ
ֻóĩ벻ͨǣѵҩȼϴңҩȼٴŻҽ뿪֪ôе¯ڵȼҩ¶ĺá
ƫƫȴѡױ鵽ŵķʽ⵹óĩжϴ˼ֺ档
׼ϴʴʱϴһҵֻϴһſڵľ֮ϣƺϵţǼΪݵظųĩеθ
֪үʲôȷΪֻɱҰɣû˵ġ
ԼŮ˱˰£δ˵֪Ͻ˹ϴʵδҲͬһ㷴ӦЩԸšϴʣΪλ㣬ҼǵһΪģô˺
Ű£ҵķһ˫ŮѱҵҪ˾ͶˣȴҶҪˣΪǣֻܶԲС㡣ҼȺС㣬Ȼøл׼
֪סҲһʼûĴΪľЩνΪˣѰźķһ˫ӳ뿪ˣѡһл
ȻѾ׼øǾ͡
ˣˡδ׼˽ϴϳȥҹʱܼҸ˳֪Ϣ
֪δȻҲ˲óʹϴˣֻ˽ϴʹص񷿺󣬱ҴҸķ䡣
ڳĩϣΪջԲʳԳĩһСĵΪιʳ
ڳĩлУԹſڣĩжµᣬҲһʱ䣬ȴǸоֵĲӦ
ȻоЩӦǻǳ˳ĩеĻСζεĳȻʵ
ι󣬳ĩнСķϣźòһЩݳ۵ģȻ뽫˲صһֻ֪ĵطǾûܹ˺ˡ
Գĩֽӳס˰һֱңšǲǺܳ󰡣
±͸ĩֽᳶһЩǰһǣҵİ
ԣϸĨɫôô˵ңǰôû
ǰ
գգۣûʲôǿ˶ѣңҺܿġ
ʱδ˸˹ѹݺᡣûչ˺㣬Ҿڼס
ŴʱδˣΡŮĲǣõΪҵġ
ôĲأҲǱֻôҲû뵽˻ϴʡ
˵ʲôʲôкҵϴʡĩвδЩ˵ͬ˵δ˵ϴʺ¶֪Եı


һ

δ֪ϴʵıѺ, ĬƬ̡ʵ⣬ģ, Ҳôѡֻһʱ飬˰ʧ˴󲿷ּ䣬˿õľ档
ָ, ȻϴˮֻûϴʣļҲôָڼºݾ, , ϴʣȴҲ޷֣ȫʧ, ҲǸĴɱϴʡ
ϴҶԵж, ȻϴʱңأˣҲ˲֮ʡ, Ź, ֻԺٳֱˡ˵꣬ڳĩлв˲, ̧ͷĩСү˵أ
ĩձߵҷ, Ƕϴ֮², Ѿߣɱͷ˵㡣
ллү
ĩձߵ΢΢ͣὫŻشϣ, кܶ໰Ҫ˵ģȥϴʵ£Щٻ
ǳЦá
ĩдӷȥ󣬱˽ϴʸˣֻԸ˸ϴʺ棬һץԸ֮һ򾡡
ԣϴ֮飬ȻݣϴʱﲻԳĩжԣϴʻԸ֮ˣȫ
ֻѪһˣԲŴӦŹϴʣⲢʹˡ
뵽󣬶˵ĵһʣүĩ˰ָܿƽ޷ֻҪԼߣǾ͹ˡڱ֮뷽跨ָĿģĩвҲ֪ԼֶºͣĳЩˮеܼˣ뼱ͼӻԼȫǡ
ǳ֮ɫδˣǰûΡ׻Լԣ˻ˮ֮УԼԵ⼸գһǵĻ˰ɡ
Լʧ䣬Լ˿ˡ뵽ʱԼִҪԭΪ֪ԼϾŮֺżֻϽŪ״ȴ˵ļơŪԼˣȻǸеĴ
ܱˣתԼһû뵽ĩоȻϲһûʲôӣֻ᷸Ůˡôأ
ԼʧĩദĵεΣǰܾϣûóĩпԶĵŮˣȴ룬ᶯģֻΪߵŮ˶̫̫Ů˾Ҫ˼Ȼϲȴǲͬú壬èжצè˲ˣܽƶ֡
ԺҪװǡͬ˵ԼָˣȻ˼ǰǰ㻥Źӣ
ﲻʣδ˼Ȼ񣬳
ǸЩáЩӶȻû˯ðɣŮǣøΪŮˡ
ҲΪ˵ϴƲ֪֮˭زҲ֪޷ǾǼˣ˳ҪֻǰлָЩ䣿δţ˻ָЩ䣬Ҳ
ǻָһЩǰļ䣬ҲûʲôáŸʱүͬ˵ٴαݺҩȫȥ
ȫȥ㲻пҲ벻ˣ
ұͶָܻܲ˻ָܻҲãָܻҲգǶǹȥˣڵҲûʲô̫Ӱ죬֮ǱЩ»ڵ۵ҲԼԵҲعһ˱á
δ˿ŮŮоȴֱ˺ܶࡣδ˵ǺܿӦŮϵת䣬ʮ굽ʮ꣬һ㶼û䣬ǲǲϳ
δ뿪󣬳ĩвŽݣͬδ˵ЩʵЩƣֻ˯˹ȥδĩеĵ
ǾǰƵؽ󣬲űѵġʱԼڻУ̧ͷϣǳĩ˯ĶͷպλãϢƺûгֻ΢΢˶ӣ˫ȴǰظӵؽ
ɼԵ⼸գȻûúЪϢˣ㾯ˣȴ˯ĳ
𣿡˵üȴǴ͵Ц⡣ôأҲˡ
󲡳Ϣܿ㴫˳ȥ֮½ǰ̽ΪԼз˴˷ز˶ˣȻ̽̽ϢС
θĴѡվδһ߻Ϊ֤׵壬δΪеǼ˹պθǰ̽¾档
ʱѾ´߶ˣ֪˷Ŀ֮˱˲裬Լȴʰһչȥ
û뵽㵡źյ٣Ҫ£˦ɫˣˣɫҲѿ˼㡣ڿǰ֮ⲻóһ˿زδҲǱĴûǷóȻŰݷãӰ쵽ˣ
ǺˣڿδˡδŮЦèƵ۾΢΢ӰģȴоϤ
˷ȷǷлָ䣬ǰģǿ϶㶼ˡ
ظԼ˱ˮⲻ˷ǰĿôһָȴһ̫˵ӣѲɵµĴֱӶɱң
Ȼ̫Ӹ´ȷָ䣬زȥķԸǲ˵ģֻЦôᣬʵǶˡ
ǻǣҲ⣬ֻ֪̫Ҫ㴫ʲôҡģûˣ˵ǡ
ǰֻɴ˵ӣҧҧȷлҪҴ̫Ҫһ䣬ĿɻڣڣӦ֪ôɡ
û뵽̫ӾȲԳĩ֣Ǿгʲô£Ǿ̽ˡ̫ӵֶģ޷֤Լģɺɱ֣Ҳ޷ܱѡ
ȷ̫˶ȡĩеֲֵһ
ԥЩϷ̬ȣôʧЩѲǶģ֮ǰСģȷǶĵģҲµˣϮʧ䣬ȻйҪʧ䣬ʧǰϷòм˰ɡ
ûԻ̫һֻⲡû¹˲㣬ˡܼдˡֱ
ԽⷬĿ˵ģԽᣬƫ޷֮ʩѹֻҧݺݵұſıˡ˵ţȥˡ
뿪̽ӡ
ǰʧ˼䣬̽ǣЩ̽ûҲǰ
Ȼѻָ䣬ȻҪ̽ǿе֪ʧһдС飬ܿʼֽǰ⡣
лҪ˵һõ~Ϊԭ֮ȶܻһˡ

һ

ӵ, ˡ
ˣȻˣǻʧ, żȻֻҲĲԾ֮˲ûǰ˵Լ, ֻǵѡ
ڰҩ轻ϴʱкϴᵽһԷ, ԭԷ޻Ϊϴʶֻ֡û뵽ϴʵ׻һ˿, ֻȼҩ裬ȴûԷ޶뺦ˡ
յĴѶ֮Ǳ㽫֪鱨, Ѱ˻˴ǰ, лϮʧ顣
֪Լʧ䲢żȻǱ֮˵˭һֱ²׼ڿ, ùĵǶԷΪҪԼ²Ҫġ
Լʱĳ, ԼʱǣΪȥظ, ʵյһţдйһھʣϢ
ڼһֱͣ, ֶ֪, ھܹ鲻̫ȶ
Ҳ̫ţǸҲܶԸȥȴһƽӹ֮ܵ, 㣬õһȺ书ǿʿ˵ڰɱַҲӡ
ߵĺУ˰㣬Ŀһǰֻǵü֧ƿն֮ӣ֮ȫʧ֮Ҳš
ǰǲȥ֮Ϊ˵֮ΪûڷǰϢȴò롣
ھнȻڶ࣬¶ְɱǸ֤ݶָˣֺģֻгĩС
뺦ʧлأбһ棬ǰ飬У԰ΡԼĿģͼʲô
˵ͼϢȴǵѾĩеӪԼôԴ¾Ȼһ飬һֱΪ̫ӵˣ˲żᶨΪ̫¡һƬűֵµ˲鵽˺ۼ
Կ϶ԼֵľǳĩУǴ˽ĻǵĽǶȣš
˵̫ӵˣΪûκα̫ӵ飬ֺαɱֳ˼ȥˮ׽ģҲֻжˡԼھ˵ӣô򵥡
ϴʱԼԼزʱȼҩˣʵƫǶӵһЩȻ˼̫ӵȲҪָ䣬£ðŴԼֱӲ˯еĸԼָ䣬ȴ̫ӵԸ
룬ȻǵʲôԶĲӿܷ̫Ӷ˿뷽跨Ƶ̫ͷϣ̫ĩ˿Լɱ
Լδʱɱ˼䣬⴫ū 
Ͻջ˼ſڡŷŴ򿪣ĩŲ˽
ڿڴڣֽ⿪ϵĶȥ
ôúչԼ󣬱ߵūǶĴ⣬ʱһŲǽĩҲ֪ȣȴҲⲻ˲һ
˳סĩûüջȥ֣Ӻ㣬ǰ˺֣ͯƫƫʱ̧ͷʱ۾˵Ĵˡ
ƽϲĩеҲõĺܣͷͷһǣ˽˻С

ţ
տʼһһӡ
Ƶģáȥɣǵˡ
ĩио˫ϸ뿪ƣ˫ֵ˶վȴƵģҪŶãҰʰ
ɳĩȴǽӵظγţͬһ𡣰һ˶Ҳġ
뵽ģĩȻҲ뵽ˣ֮ܰһɱ׵İ취һŷðȡ
տʼ󲿶Ѳͷҹ䣬ɵоһСĿջʱĩдջһ֮ܵڡ
ܵ·ʧ֮ܵڡĩҲ֪һ㣬ȫһֱս֣Ƭɿ
ڽܵʼ֪ȥչǰģǳĩܡ
ĩд֮߳ܵ󣬽չǰʱⲻñһ
Ȼ֪ĩһֱܳıʲôǾ֪Ȼڴ˴
Ͽƽƽ治һССο󾮿ڣ˭뵽ȴж졣
ϰĩСǣţ䵽ξײʱıǴ󲿶ӱٱľ󣬶Ͽ١
㡭ǡ
һкüĩܽ⣬Ҳټɻ˵Щ
󶴻ͱ飬ƫȻơ
Щ꿪ξ󶴣һܳΪľѳȻǽЩ󶴴ڵȴɲᵣȱҪ޴Ĳġ
ο󣬱޾ĲƱƾδ˰ѿЩ㹻οһϴֽţΪͱṩ㹻ݡ
Щ꣬Ҳʱؼˡ
ǰⲻǡǰδ˸ճµʱ
Ϊĩеܣȴ룬 ֪һֱڹ֪Լ͸ˣȴһԼ̽涼ܵ뷨
ôЩ֪ģйأѵҲųһϣ
һʱԴ˼гԳĩвϵĸı䡣
΢΢ͷ۾ôˣ
ʶ̧ܿͷ΢΢𾪵ı顣ûʲôǱˡ
ʱнǰĩл㱨񣬳ĩתͬ˽̸
ǽ̸ݲվڳĩȴĸӡ
ľôԼͱ֮ز˵̸ܶ
ĩѵûһ̻ԼѾָû˿վǻָͷЩܴУ
˵ЩܱԼ֪Щ顣
Լ˼
ҲãҲգܹЩԼڶǰֻᱻŵز֪ؿƿ
ĩкܿǸ콻̸ϣתý飬ǰǣ֡˰ɣҴȥϢ
ͱȻ˰˯ϢĵطȻǲὫӶǴ˿󾮡
󾮿ڵĸ˼Ҵ˼®Щ˶ǿİգʵǳĩеˣֲαװξĿҲΪ˶Ŀ
ĩǣ֣ߵһ®ڡ®濴ϡƽźȴǱж졣һӦȫʰļɾ
ݺϣڻǰĩȥѲһΣĪҲס
ɻ˺ȻȻеǱӦѵע                        
лҪ˵Բ700ο˼ҵǹ

һ

ǿĵ, ĩлʳɻ󣬱Ƚ͵㲻صģԻдǵ˽Ѳ񡣡
˵, жϵĶ񡣡𣬿ЩȥЪŰɡģıܸɾ
֪, ĩűضкܶҪҪȥȻԼ֪, ɴԼܹ鲻̫, ǹԴӵЬ˴
ΪĩдЪϢǵȻҪȥȴû뵽ҲЬ˴齡
ؿĩЦһ, ӵڻСȹԹϢ, ϴȥġ
Щ庢ӵЦǣﲻܿ׻סЦ⣬˳۾
ѲȻֻǸͷ, Ǹ·ȴʵʵڵ, ټ֮ܵãԭȵҲú, մϴȻȻ˯˹ȥ
ĩеû뵽ľ׵˯, Ȼ˯, ϱӣȥһ˿δ
ҹĻȫչ֮ʱ, ĩлصУѾڴ£ݣȴЩ˵İԹ
ȥˣ
ĩеû뵽ɫδ䣬еʳзŵϺ潫һ̶˳ȥЩԵĹ˰ɣ
ȶðģǸճ˹㱻ĩж˹ӳһڣ޵ƢԣЩʽζ
³յǲ߿޵
ĩмԵּһĲ˷СǾòЩ
ֻ˵䣬⴫ŵ̧ͷ˳ĩһ ֻĩзеĿӣ뿪λǰȥš
Ϊǳĩе£˲û⣬յͷſڴŮӽ磬ҵĳտɻθڣ
磿ųĩϵıҲ̫ܻãֻǳĸ׹ϵ塣
ĩȴûгʲôϾڳ֮󣬺бĲۡղſ޹³ղ˵˾䣺пɡ
ȴǺܸˣϲͺá
ͬŮӣĩеĿ϶󣬴ԭȵĽźڴתɵĻãǽͷǱ˵ˡϾʲôģܱ鰮ġ
꣬˹ȥʲôҪ£ôȥôã
û뵽ﾹȻˣǸŮˣʱ磬ԭﻹ˰
ţҷˡ
˵⻰ʱ򻹴żΣֺܿ찵֪ĩѾȢޣﻹǻ̲סЩΡ
ΪĩдӲǰ룬֮ĸҲȴû뵽Ӳǰˣһǰ
ԭɩҲ˰ܿ죬ֻЦǴûɩأҲ֪ɩεȲòϱ
öҺܺϣڳĩ
ո˯ѣûüװ磬ʱλңϸǲŷ죬ƫһ׵ɫǲʩ죬Ʋȥ
ôˣĩתס֣˳ƿ࣬޹ǣĶ˵ģڶԷʵԵøĴۡ
ˮû뵽ĩдеķˣɫΪԼɫΪϵȣǰԼΪһȵò÷Ƚϵ˼
Ǳ紫еǸ𣬾û뵽ľɫ
ˮȭͷΣ˿Ҳ룬ο檱ǳ̬ΪԼڱŮͬδȡ硣
ţˮŬͦͦظƵؿԭλǱɩˡɩãҽˮǱıá
ڡ̲סЦıãܵͦ˼
ЦˮĶЩջ𣬡ɩЦʲô
ûʲôֻǾñΪɰѡҲǣôӲ㻹һλء˵ţˮƼ֮šһ³ĩС
ĩвǰˮΪûбҪ˴ۼڴ˴ˮҲֻ˵һѡ
οͬһˣһ뵽Ķˮ˵ˡ
šϵһ£ȴ֪СèǳԴˡȻΪҪԴףоȤˡ
ʶˣҿΪһһܣǴۼڴ˴Գһ䡣
ʳĩлʱˮʵҲڴųĩлôԼû뵽ĩоֱʼ˱ˣһû
ˮеЩʧ䡣ִܿɩʶˣΪɩܾͺãæС´ء
лҪ˵һ



ˮĻٴζЦ, סˣûֱЦ
ֻǰסˮ, ˣͱˡ
ˮЩ룬֮ڹ߰, ˮʵû̫ϸؿò߽ϸѩ, ϵ˫޹, ˮԼùڴæûúϪһ
վһ׾ܱȽϳߵ, 뱻ȥ, ֣һơ
ȴȻʹˮ̧ȥֻһƬͨ, ŷ, ۽ǸΪ߳ᣬ滨ģò
ֻĩнŵؽӵڻ, ۵ؿϵ֮ͨﾡһ, ȫȻˮǸĩС
ƫƫ˳ĩе, Ϊ˵ı鿴ˮʲô˱, μ棬Դ֮þ˵ǣΪҪ㡭
ۿ΢죬òίģˮȷԼڳĩǰҪԼǲΪʼɣʶʲôԼǵõˡ
ܿ㷴Ӧǹڱǰءû뵽Ů˾ļƣˮʱһ㵹˵Һʱ㶯֡
û֣ҵĴвǣü¡
磬ҡˮֳͣĩһֵ񶼲
ĩиһֻСӵ߽ӣһƲͷ
ˮ죬ȥǣ뿪ǣǺݺݶ˶ţܿˡ
ĩа˴ݺ󣬴ӹóҩʼСĵͿ֮
ʵûˣǹˮģˣѵôأ
ֻļۣһͻͨһƬȻˣǺܿͻȥȻڳĩǰ˵ƣǰСԼ˴ǲԾ¶Ц⡣
óĩлῴİϷϷɼǸòûʲôȤ⡣˵֮ϻ᲻డ
ļжཿ۳ĩлܲϺü죬ԣĨЩҩ֪ϻôԼ
Ȼ֪ġ
˶ʾʾſˣǲЩʲôԵҺܺ۸ڻʳһ棬ûˣҪܺƢԴίԼˡ
ǰʢĩж⣬ܲסλԺգ˻ÿԲǰ̵Ŀ˵
ĶʵɨЩ˵ĹģΪԸЩŮ˵ֶֺ־ˮģ֮ǰЩŮʵڲġ
֮ǶʸͷҲûиοӲ˶С
Щ£ҪȺ˸װ쵽ΪҪװ׵ĺôء
˵ţֿϰŵļ̲ˣδ꣬ҲˡѹζĲĵģζܲȥֻǿϧһǱҳˣⰡҲ̣һ롣
ûСˣڳĩںͷ衣
ڸϺҩ֮󣬳ĩֱӽϵĲӷŻʳ棬ҵζһ㣬³ĺóԡ˵ҲЩû³ʳˣЩ
ҷţ˱ζΣ˵˾пأھõһ⣿
ֻ֪Сèûô׺áһ˵пɣҲΪ˵ζοҲʱĻ֪֮˭ֻ˸ңǸʲôұʲôˡ
ССƢǽȤֹͷ˾Ҫ˸ˣⷽԼķִ磬οһСãϡˣҪĩжˣǲֵ
Ҳ㲻ˮ飬ֻڳĩСɵ°ؿڳĩеļϣʵ˵ҪȥҿѾء
ȻżǱ߰ɡ˵գĩǣȥ
߳ſڣŷﾹۼһСĴ䡣
뵽ˮһ²⡣סŵѵһ𣿡
û˱ⲻ٣ڳΪߣﰵﱻʺһżݣʥϣȴޱȫǵ˼Ϊ˱ȫѪֻݱܷͷﲻ볯Ϊ١ҲֻһһС֧ѣǹ֧ܵˡ
ϾһĹ;ȷǻʺܸɳĺ֮¡һһʱ֮ѡݱܷͷ뿼ȴеġӣǰڴ˴ӦҲкܶ˰ɣǻʺǣ֪𣿡


һ

, ûȳĩлش𣬵ԼЦ˳Ҫ֪, ˴Ҳͱ¶ˡ
ʵ֪ģЩ̫ӵ˲Żһֱͼһˡֻһֱûҵˡ
ҲһʡˣҪһȺ, ȷô׵飬οǻڿ󾮸, ͬһĻ
ȻȲϾкǿ, ڵҲӺһʱ˭뵽һΪգ˽ʳ˵, ϧ¿ء
Ȼץסһ, һܺ˺ܶĵ㣬ЩꡭǶꣿ
ȻǴʼʼЩꡣǰ̫Ǵʲôʱʼֵ𣿡
Ȼûȥ֪ЩѾӡ
ֻζǲټ, ЩҿûȤ֪, 㵽׻жٸá
֪ĩ֮пȥ˽ǰΪ, ˵ѵһĴ˶ʥϱǱϵò۷, һġ
д˵ʥϵĺ, ϵòѡģǧÿ˲òƷԣһ֮
˵ļ, ŮӦҲѿȥղǸˮȻԼҪ㣬ǷŵͷҲһһСˡѱĩлбƯã
£ĩΪεĶͷҪ峤Ҫףϸ
뷴ֻĩкȻϨеĵһ˲ڰ֮УƬ̣㱻ǰֵĳеߡ
ӨӨ׹ǵ㷱˸ǰֲǹ߲ʣ˿ּΪĴ·Ⱥ֮䡣Щǡ
ʯ󣬴ҵһμʱ㵽ΪҾһϲʱǣһֻӫ֮еСèһǳʵϵȷˡ
Ϊ˷УմŵһɫȹƫƫѩףپӨӨ׹֮Уĵùعˣһֻǿ̤ڶеСèֲèǰ߰顣ųĩе֣пóǻ֮⣬Ҿ֪صĵطԭҿǡ
ҡСèͶͱĩȻԸ֣Сè¶Ķҵһ˴ŮˣûбãܶûС
Ϣڶߣо飬΢΢ͷ˿ֽӵסǰ˵żεЦ⣬֪ˡС
ʲô
ûʲôǺܿġ
ڶգҪ£ĩ˴һЩʳ߲ˡ
ڵ֪֮˶Գĩлвһ˼ԼͷȻ̨ȻªЩҲǿЩ򵥵ĳʳˡ
ֻһͷȴһϲͨġȴһ˵ıˡ
Ƕӻǳˮķʳʱȴĩ˻𣬿ַͦϰʽӡ
ĩз޶꣬ԼӲ֪˻ῴ˸ʾʹ˹ȥ
ı飬ĩľȤûʲôϡģʱ⣬ⲻԼǲǰֽ̫ŲЩ
ҵûô㣬Լǲ𣬶ôҲźȻʶ
³ĩ̲סʧЦȻⲻһ󴷴򣬡Цʲô
һ˵һԣĲ˵ô
ԺֻķŮ˸ģһɲԣ
ǡҲ𣿡
ǵĿԣĲС
䣬ǰšˮζؿ˳ĩһۣ˵ˡ
ˮǴʳԹģ֪ĩвҪʳ󣬶ҪЩʳ֮󣬱Ͻ˹ĹټҽŮǲģʳҪȥҲãĶȻҲȲġ
׼ʱ˹˸¶Աһԣ֪ࡣ
ȥŵſʳеˮǼΪƵЦһЦͳԵ𣿡
ˮĳͷɻȥ룬Ժܼ޸磬ԭڣԼҲֻܵңռʶֶΣ֪Ů˿ɲʲôƲ磬ԼȻԺ󱣲׼ֵǻǲҪΪá
ˮͬһ޺Ц֪ǻʳҪţұЩ͹ˡ
ûнʳУ¶Ϊѵؿˮ֪ûͳԵԼųˣ㿴׶˹Ҫõһˡ
ɩŵˣ³ˮҲŵ˷ζɲ˫˫֣õöĹ
ȷȲñõգϲСԱã㻹ûȥɣ緹ҲҪˡŹķˣˮĥߴֱ
ˮĿĻϣܵõĩеĿ⣬ô׷Ҳ˼Ǽͷ˽ȥ
û뵽λôֱ˵һʱΪʣҲûţôҡ
ˮ̨ŻĳĩУԼµùȻûȻ³ھ۱Զ֡
ˮߵ̨棬Ҫ߳ĩеջ粻ٶ֣Ҵ˳ԵĹ
˻ûĩеɫȻҼǵҷԸҪԵġ
ǣҲǡˮĩкȻµŵûסеʳСҲǲҰһͼ⡣
ɳĩвС˵һ⣬ֻ֪´Ӷ
һȻԶ׵ͷȴǲԾӵģϵ峤ϴҲһֱԾӣЩ³ĩҲѡһֻ۱һֻۡ
شӣΪԭ򣬳ĩбͲʲôˣҲ˲Ȩˮ˾٣Щ˵ѾΪϵȨˡ
ҵǿֱ𣿡
£ˮı̱ڵϣû˵ı硣ڴª̨Աߣ̧׵һλߵϺѹȣҲ˼
ǰƤƭΪӦǸӣȴȫȻ˸׵ľ档ԾжȨƵĹˣҲǸЧҵϡ
νѪԲǿп޵ļ߶ѣʵȫԲѾʽ΢ǵһ壬һƹ֮еľӣҲһȱ˸һЩˡ˵ߣ˲еͷ
ôˣ߽ˮʧɫصڵϣʩʲôءѲͶͱɱĩһƵڵˣ˿뵽˹Ǳŵڵϵġ
ĩ󣬺Ʊһ㣬ȥ˷ŵı֮ϽߵߣΪ֤һ㡣
¡˵꣬ϵˮֻߡ
ˮһݣ˲ڵصʳϽܳ⡣
ûһᣬ㴫ǰ
۳ĩУֻסЦ⣬ͬ˵һ˳ȥ


һ

²Ӧˮ׳, ղôŵ˳ȥӦ˳ĩУ׳ǰˡŮȴҪǰ, ɴ˿ĩеλܲƲô򵥡
òδȵĩУǵĸĸˡ˼ʱɫǹ˵Ƿĩе, Ĵתתġ
ǴĴתתת
Ҳ鷳ֻԼȥ, , Լתתˡ
һ˻࿴˿Էͷĸ˳˲鷳, Ǿ˶, Ǳһŷ˹ɺã
λԶͷλ˵ȻЩ˵Ӧеλˣʲô鷳Ҳû׼ʲô, , Ӧˡ
ǸͬԼ峤Ĵϱ, ҲˮˮʱⲻǵѾͷС, ֪, ү֮
Ȼͬ˼ƽϣοԷյǳĩУֲ, ҪҲǳĩаŶԡ
ˣҲغҷˣС
ҲƤ˻ǡ
ܱĴ˵ۿȥƽƽ棬Ѱû˶ҲӲԼִ档˴ԭȱΪϼҴ壬ȻЩ̫Ѱˣȴǵټ
ֻһȦȴһЩͯٿгԵӰʵǴǷǿ֮£
˵ͨδ˵ǧһ֪˰ǿ󾮳ԷҪԷȴ¿ôأ
ΪҪ¿԰մжҲ˵ĻɡսοΪΪͨеĵԲᱻ˲ߡ
û뵽һ㡣ƽǴŮ˶ЩʲôأѰļ°ʵ
Ҳûʲô鵹Ҳ࣬ƽҲڼЩ°ˣҲ֪Ｋֳǲµظũˡ
𡣡ɫؿ˫䲻ϸҲȷʵǾɴֻ֡
ΪŮ˵׼ô¿οĿǰûе̶ֳȡ
οÿǶжģȻܴ𴦵ķзֵһ֣Ҫ飬Ҳܲ鵽ġҲ֪Щȱôֲġ
ԼҲûҪ֪ЩôѡֻҪǣУ㲻Ὣ¸浽̫ҲǳĩзĽԼ˴ɰɡ
뵽֮װһȻӣ֪үҪʱܰ飿
ɲ˵ȻԸ˼ǵĻ⣬ֲһ˻ȥǹˣĻȥҼҺȿڲ裬гһĥʱҲǺõġ
ˣȴ֮ˡ
ҵլҪȱ𴦵ĸЩȻס˿ҲҪԶЩ
񣬵ǻǱϰߡĸڣּң峤念ȻҲûзּҶסĵסһԺͷ
ˮȻҲڣΪŭĩУȻٲ𷣣ᵱ֮ɫһ䣬ĻǰǸҵļƣֻע⵽źá
ˮ˵ҲŮĽˣһŮ˼ĩض˵±˪ôСҲЩźһСȥοϵļӶ飬ǶĲˮģȥ۸ǼҵСǾЩˡ
ԭһֱ˸Ǻεݣһֻǰ붼̫ò֮ʵԶԭ롣˵ϵĶˣǻᣬʢʱĳȻҲ͡
ֻһ֮󣬶˵ĸ׵ǣţһ룬ǳĩܴһػʢϴˢЩϵĲԩȻЩŵǡ
ܸоλ˱̸ֲȣ׻֮£˵˵˲飬رѾڴ˲ʮʱ
÷·һߣ鶼Լ˽Լ׵ʮǰѾվȽŸŵ˲¡
ôǰݣ˵̫ӻ˵Ҫ˲һ٣̫ΪλὫԼ嵽ĩеߣ
̫ӻ֣˵ǻɳ֪вһɣҲΪҵһ壬Ͼɱ
ԣ֪һĴڵģԵİǾֻпǵΪ
֮ԻᱻЩԸٰеĲȥûԼȥ²⡣
ǰļƻ֮С֪ݻһ֧壬ΪǵҰĺƱˡ
ˣԼ굽ʲô
ָģʹĴ̼ڱǿԾҲûм׻ȥȵ˲ʱ򣬱ˡ
ֻǸճԺţ㿴ĩվſڵ
վſڵһʱˣΪ˻нԲûнȥ
ĽŲתִ˻ȥġȴֱԹ˹ȥ
Ҳ룬Լ϶ʲôǵˡ
ĩҲ²͸ԼǵˣԱտڲԣԶʧǵջɾͲճˡ
һ·϶ûͬĩ˵ĩҲһ·Եظ󣬰ﻹúõСӣᵹǲˡζ
ȳסתм£㣬ʵش𣿡
ʲô£ĩоûָϵֵס
ԻᱻϤЩ˿Ҳ֮еģûţ֪˼вбǡ
̧ųĩе۾һ
㣬ҵ걻ʵԼƵİɣΪľǱ̫ӵĻɣתƵ֪ȥɡΪ̫ܹţԲŻУЩǽãϧͬɶ»Լ
Щ㶼֪ˡĩû뵽˳ôԶ顣
ʵǺ׾ܲ³ġֻôҲû뵽һоȻҵһֲ߻ġֻߺܹܶµֻǲԸˡ
ҵʲôʱʼЩģ
Լûкúõȥ˽Լĸס
ǰΪûʣֻҪһǵĹټСС֮Ϊµİ취ǱܿһУȴӲ뵽±ʵԭȴǵ
ʱ˵ĸӡܰο²¾ܰŵˣԶǳ˿ģΪ׵ˣȴӲһĲԾ
߹㣬ھʱ飿
ԣȻΪԳӦذԼĹ磬Ժȥδھ飬ʱˣһ١
ҵʲô𣿡
ĩ߽ߣ֪ᾭܲסһһӵסϵӣ㡣
ԭӦ÷ţ༰˺Ȼ˹ҹһʱЩӦ
˵ҵϵӣЩе̧ͷظһ顣ǺӵܳôǣϹҹأ


һ

̫Щ, һֱûܲߵԭ򡣡
δ˵̣֮˶˿Լǳ, ֮˶ԣȴǼ˺
رǾǰѺ뵽, ԭԼĸײǴԼʹˡ
ѹֳĩ֪Լ̫ӵˣԸ, Լڼĵһͻ, ȴԼأ漣ܶꡣ
ԭΪ̫ӣΪԼǵŮ, ŵŮ, رǰһ֧ӵŵŮȻԸܡ
ԼһСΪǵĳ޻и, ͷЦ
ȥɡЩؿڳĩϡȻԤϵԼ֪, ЩƿվֱȻʧȥ, ʲôȥƿء
á
˳ԭȵܵĩн˳ȥ, ǳȴǰĳڡ
δ˴һ·Ѳ, ŵ֮ϡҲԭĩԼõĵص㡣
ڵ֪ѾԼ²⵽δ̾˿ǵԲ㣬Ҫ, ֻ𱸰ɡ
֪ΪܵĸִۺδЩûȹ仯жжھΡͬ˵࣬ǰ˲١
ĩʱ뿪ռ˸Ůˡ
ΪʲôʵΪλǣ
Ϊ϶жҵϸġ
δ˻ȻǻǶʮ֮ǰ
ʱʥδλһɢүδڣ˼˼Ľƽ
ƽǳĴˣʫ黭ͨԸˮ˭޷øС
ŮӣעҪ޸˵ģԼӣȲ˵ϽܵĹϵ˵ϲǸȨƵĹ¶ˣȢʸ
ѪԣȻǲƽġǱˣһѧͼһеڣΪԼӮһʸ
뵽δƾеڣƽˣӼ֪ãΪδȻ˼Ľ٣˼Ҫͷص뷨ȴҲǿҡ
꺮һеڣֻδ˻δüչת˲ȵۼݱôҡ
µ۴ȡʤţʺֻŭǣʺȴƽ
ƽýȢңȴùһ㣬ڻʺ׿֮²ŵԱ빬УΪ
ʱٽ׵΢޵üʸ񣬸οʱһǻĪǣԼһҵմȾϵʥϳڲʩ
Գȴ֮⣬֪δϵӣ䶼Ϊδ˲ų
δҲȷ꣬õʥãͨһְ
ڵ֮󣬵ʱغһ峤Ҳη˵ĵδΰ檣δ˽£СŮδˡ
Сɫڣţʫ飬ʱͬδһʫ˳˫ԣǳδҲĽתϧǰ֮ˡ
ֻ˭뵽ջ䵽ǰ֡δڵ֪ްŵϢ֮󣬱ѾԤϵһδôĿһ֮ݶǡ
㲿ʺ˶֣òһļƻ֮һȻԤһ㱻ʺһżţ˱ӻǵó
ֻܵļƻҲ֮ʺ˵׻˳ϲһܲϢ
ĩʱǻʺصֶӣӵݻδʺơʺ֮ǰ̽˵Ĳ֮ҵδˣδԼࡣ
һϷδĻܾõ֪ݽãΪлʺԳѸ壬һͬδˣһȻδ˹˺ܳһʱĵΣҲδ˴ӻɵĶժ˳ȥ
ʺɣ˷κջ񣬱ɰ֪̽̽ĩе쳣֮ɵһ£ѿǳ顣
δĩоƽĶӡԼְֶȻеĶӣǧƶЦûʺǵûаֹ֮飬Լĳ衣
̫ҵΪδ˱ټĳ˭ָȥ˽˳ĩߣõߡ
Ҳǳĩгĵһ۷ǵûܾĵؽԼ֮еԭǾޱֻ̣Ҫ㹻Ͳ»̴ˡ
û뵽Լô꣬˳ĩС뵽ԼΪ˱̫һЩ£ܵΪΣӲ˵أǵˣҲӦȨ֪Ŷ԰
뵽ԼЩɵϣˣת֪飬ۿҲزסᡣ
ȥµᣬĩн˽ӵڻСԲ֪Щ
⽫һĵص㣬ΪľԼһеࡣ
̫˽ˣֱӸֻ̫಻ҪĲ룬ʵǰԼȥֱӡ
ȴ˳סָ㶼֪˰ɣ
˵һ
Ȼ֡ûʲô
ĩֻȷǺѺõġ㣬ֺһأȴ̾˿û㲻˵ġ
ɳĩȴǹϸĲŵƵɤǾΪӣ
ɵȴһκ󡭡֪ģҵӡ
ĩ̧ͷǸ⡣Բ𡭡ֻǡ
ȴתǲԸʱмĹ򶨡
ĻԼΪλӵԭ
ǸܺеĺӣԸҲô׵رһ˻֮ҩóѡ
ֻǽϵֳ֣ԼеĺӡʱֻΪĩԼĳˣڴɼĿĺ󣬱ûıҪ
ףĩвݺĳˣɱĹ֣Լ
˵ԲŶԣǣ˵ǰЩԲĩе飬ͻΪͷı裬㲻֪᲻㣬ȴΪηԥǰ
㱻һȵĻ֮Уĩס֣ǰᡣʵϲӣ֪ģһô˵ֻΪӵĸ׻㡣룬Ǳ㲻Ҫ
ҲƲסĵΣǳƱһ㣬ӼƵĳҭ޼ɵĺޡ
Ƿйһ㴷ڳĩеļϡôãȻҵԭ򣬿ѵֵ飬ɱ֮ĺӣ㻹ǲ𣿡
סȭͷ˳˻СĩеѾΡ㻹ǲңҶ˵ˣҲϲӡԡǸӵ飬ʵһֱ֪ģֻΪҲϲѡ
ϲôܲϲں϶֮ǰԥģϲΣǺȥ
Ϊ󻼣صļĩҲΪ֪ԭɣԺٲ


һ

ʧǰ, ҲֻΨһһζѡ
Ұ㣬ΪǹͬѪá̧ŨŨ顣
ĩȴ⧲ıŪ΢΢һ㶡ʲô
вӦ, ԻнСèƻѾ
аΣһҹļȷ֮Уȫطй˳
Ϊʲôôһ, ԼأҪ˵Ϊԭ, ֪Ƣ, ԶȻֺģһˣȻеԭ, , Լòš
һ飬ΪʲôҪôã˵ʵڳĩнʵ֮ϣָ⻮һ, ò΢΢Щ
ʵ𣿳ĩоһ, ȷδ˵ԭ, ǲ˳ĳ̶ȡ
ڱ֤ĳ̶ϣ֮ƽ, ȻҲԼ˽ġ
ʱһֻè, ֻèȴϵĶӻƤʱ룬ֻèһֻСèǴצ, ǻ᲻Ľ֡
ֻèһһȴǲͬģӵн˺Ǵżצޡ
ҿ㣬ڿһֻСèʮĵһһڵһ㣬㣬ҲҲⳡΪҵĲֶֹȥ޺ˣ˭ʤ
ԭΪԭ𡭡ϺĶѾҶܣҲ뿴ĽˡΪλ
Ϊ𣿳ĩ룬һֻޣˣҲǻİɡֻǵ˽֣ȴǲԸֻ޼צˡ
뷽跨ذȥֻС޵צͼѱһֻ˵ʧȥ˹СèȻżСèҲըëʧȥ˼צըëҲپйԡ
Ҳһ֣ᷢӦüҵĲŶԡңʲôˣҲʲôˡ
֪ˡЩûƽ˵ĩеĿڴ㰡ʲôˡ˵꣬ЩԺ˯˹ȥ
֪𣿡ĩлް
ˡĩпŻеСè֮ϣǺñӡ㣬á
Ѳڼĩٶ뿪֪Ҫȥʲôδһͬȥ
֮岻ʣ齵Ŀջ֮ڣδŴһͬ뿪
̫ӵҲǴģԼʧգ֮£³ĩаԼҲӲԷ۾
ԶԴˣ׼ţ
ʱСŴ˽ȥģϾ岻ʣȻҪҴĲŶԡ
ֻǵǴ߽ʱȴִгձµϼ룬ȻһӦе֡
вһ׼Լ˵ֱֽԼ
̫ӵһֶҲ˽⣬ϴλãıĥһܺãþʱ򣬱һеĺ֮١
룬̫ӵҲˣڴֱӲġ
ɫƽؿǰ򡣡ΣƳʲô𣿡
Էͷһ˰Ѻ룬ŵģ⣬Ҫپһ˿ɷ˵ȳȥ
УȻҲݲԼ˵ӻ֣˳ȥ
ǰЩĵ߿һۣ΢΢һЦһ
ȫ뿪֮Ģ́ͷü͵˵̫Ҫĩһܾݵפصĵַ
ջ֣֪ԷǸֲӣҲ塣̫ΪξóĩлȥңΪĩлô𣿡
ߺߡԷЦҲ벻ҵĿֻһַ򡭡
Էһкв֮ⲻԱ
ȴèƵ۾оƾ㣬вң̫ʲôʱˣ
㡭ԷΪ׼ԭȵļƻֱӽ˴ߣȴһ׼㷢ȫû
˵򵥵ҩûܶ㿪㣬вң
Է㱼䣬ֻʩʩȻСˮСƱǺһ¡
ƫƫˮСУڹᴩʹĴ̼Ѳ١
óӲ˲֣һ飬ֻһС棬ңǵÿ㡣
Էӵģǿҩʹ˫طӦ׼֡
ܱմԼ
ҩԵķΰѿţڸղŶԷӴԼʱԼԭеĶҩ˳ŶԷָ뵽ڡ
ҩһԵĲǴԣ֫ԶԷȻǿƻǿ֧ţ֫ȴȻʹ
ȥӣطһ˵ǶǿҷƫƫͲ˵ˡ
ֻԼ⣬Ϊԭȵһ
Ҫ˵ĺףطҲǲ˵ǵóſԡ
ֻû뵽ǣ˾Ȼ̫Ϊεĸ֮һ
ǧֺһǧΪ˼թ²ԼŪȥġ
û뵽ǧͳ٣ȻڴˣβЩ֣Щ۵ǰǧͳжæҪҺúð̫빦
ǧûٺнӴƽΪˣϲֽթ̱ŮˣԶһûʲôɫߣ빦ǲأ˽Ĳָңͱʲôá
Ǿǧͳ̫ӣҿԽĲ֣ñ֤Ҹܹ
ǧΪȤĽթ֮ʲô鶼ֱ˵Щƣǿеĺֱ֮ȫ޷ʹᵶֱԼˡ
ǧԣԷһЩ衣˭֪Ǳĸס
ͨд˹꣬Щֿ˵ֱʡ
ҵģҪ֤ЩӦϣô׵õĩĲأݲ֣ҵȻҲйͣҿҸ׶֡
˵ֲ꣬˲ָ׼⣬񶪸ǧأͰˣӦӦɡ
ûʲôҪȳĩĲҪͨ˵Ҳͨжѣֵһᣬοδ˱Ҳһ룬ǧȻûвͬĵ
Э֮˵رͼֽǧͼֽûκε⣬ĩڽ׿ʱе֪µķλ
ֻȻӦĩĲͼ̫ӣҲû˵ֻ̫һˡ̫ǧˣѵӾͲǰ
һˣô˵ĸˣۿѣӲܵĵ
ؼһǣӵϢ˿ͱһϢ֪Ϊ˵µ֧ӣҲ᲻һ塣˽Ҳκ֪ôһ֧ܵľӣһαܣʥ϶֪
òֵĶˣǿϷʱˡ


һ

ֻٶȵ˶ӵһ, ˸ʱѾȫ룬Ĳʮݶѡ
ǧһ֮½Щéȫջ, ɸջӣ㷢ԼذΧ
ͷΧ֮ˣǶӡ
ڵ֪һ˾һ֧, ȻǴϲ
̫֮ʤʤһ, γ˳в̫һ, Լ˰ں󣬶Ծʱûк֮ǣ־س
ҲǴ֮, ľȻ, ҲҪǲԼĲС
֪һֱǳĩеΧ
һһ飬һֱΪĩ̫ռ˱ˡ
ѱǳĩавµ, Ͼͨп, ͱôѵڿͨͨУ
ֻ, ҲֹԾӵĿǳĩеľΣͿˣ
ò˵Ӵ̵Ҳ, رòµ֪ʥ϶֪֧, Ǵ־ڱصõ̬ȡ
ֻǱҲù·ͱˣûбӺʡ
Ƕӱ㽫˽ͱһȫƸΪ̫ߺ, 壬ÿһλ߶ɵޱȵ顣
ʥڵõϱЩ֤ݺ󣬲Ӹ֤ݵ׼ȷ׼ȷΪԷһôõġ
ɶܴһ֧ǰӸսһתƳȥǰ׽˵ǧײһ
ǧδĸձ׼ӵһ֧ĸġ
̫ӵˣûʲô־̫УĵλЩ£Ҳǹ·ӡ
ֻЩ̫ӵҰĲ̳µĸҲԽԽ࣬򸾶ԣȻһðյ飬̫ÿ궼ãմôҪһһݵĹҪࡣ
ҲǶӸҽͱԭΪȷʵЩ£ֻԭȶ֪Щ֤ݵɴô̫ıԼ·ȻǲȺ¡
ǧĸʵ࣬ռķ֮һѣǱ֮ӴҲҪҪĶࡣڿͷ֮Ƕ֮Ȼֿ
ҪǵֿǱı췴˵ʥϣ̫ӵһĲֻ־ܣɶӽץ񡣲ڱץ֮ǰѾʱ˴ѶźţҲ㹻Ӧˡ
ֻǶӼбѣȻ࣬ǾʥֱϽܵıڶӽǧʱ֮Ҳһ֧һȫѺ
µ漰ֵöνһעƽ
󲼾֮ˣȴҵĶȴ
һջźȻǰˣҲ˿졣ֻ˼·ˣʱ㲻ȥͲ𣿡
ĩȴǽ磬һ²ؼ̬ȣĿǶӣҺιأ
͸װɣֲһ֣ȴװһ㡣ǴսˣüͲ¶ӳưһˣѵˣһĸ󻼡Ȼ󱣲̫ΪһжƸ㣬ҪǱٵ
ĩȴ˳ƽУҲץסѱ
ֵµ֧·ɳȴǧ֧ĩǲκεı
ЩӣȻæŴۡЩ顣
̫ÿıʵڳĩС˵һʼĩ
ͳЩؽȻ̫ʮֵҳϣȴ˿ԲŻᱻ̫ѵӡҪؽ͵͵˽ֻҪҳϱ㹻ˡ
ĩһֻԼ֪̫˽֧ƽҲؽʲôӴȴǳĩеˡ֮ؽҪøӾ֮£ʵ붼ѾͶڸ
̫Ӳ棬һȥ齨Լľӣ̫Ҫǵ֪ô꣬ԼһֱǮƵŻ
һǧȥЩ󲿷ֶǳĩеˣԱץҲۡıڶ׼ǰ˳ȥǧȥЩʵùͱ
Ҫܹ·֪µĴȻʧȥټȻƾ׽ǧЩҲ㹻ˡ
Ī̫ˣΪܲĩеȴ뱻Ӱһ
˽ڸʵҪܱϾѾıˣһⲻ˵ġ
ҪȫƸ򵥣֪ô׷ŹԼͱú㹻Ӵ¡뵽ԼΪ˶ٲôӹѹǮǱץһ㡭
̫ȻæңóŶûз֮ǰֽŶɾ
ֻǶ뾩֮ǰڳа˲ˣӹţ̫һ֮ȻҪʩġбŵΪ
̫Ǽ̫鷿ƻͨʳˮȴ̫ӷǨŭʱίĲСΪʲô檶֪Լʲô
ûʲôĸ嵹Ǹ˲ٵĺ¡
̬ȣ̫ܲףҲĺǰˮƽҲƫĹһߡȴ뵽̫ӾΪ˷Ļ
Ϣŭ˱
̫ԭⱾʸΪҪŭ̫֮£ȴ̫סվסԭֻΪûӣǴ޿ɾҩˣ㣬ƻһ˶ܷȻۣǿʽ΢ûҸг·
̫Ӷ̫ȻĲֱӵŭ̫ȴͷһΡ
̫Ҳ֪Լҽ˼ǵһЩĸǿƣҲ޸̫ӵ̫
Ǹ˻ԼķȴͷһΡ̫һ㶣֮һغޣί׮׮ͣѰ˼ίϱԭ鷳̫
ȻѶ̫㲻˳ģվȥุĸ󣬰̫֮λͻҼǸ߸ϵСɣ
̫ӵⷬʵ̫ŵü̫͡ǰȻ̫Ĵг𣬵ȴӲҪ̫Ļǵ˵ˣҿƸһ㡣̫Ӧ̻
£檴ˣû˼檻һŵµİ
̫Ӳʱٺ̫ʲôҳ̵Ķ
̫̫ӲҪ̫֮λͲøϽʧ̫ǰ̫ӲҪע⵽źá
̫׻ûߣֻӳ鷿Ͻ˴ǰ˺£ڵ֪ڳƵƵ̫ʹ֮󣬶ǱֻԹޡ


һ

̫Ҳһûе, Ϊ˼̫̫ĸף˻ʮϧԼŮ, ̫ߵ١ֱ̫ıߵġ̫붫١ְٶˣ̫ӸĴС, Ȼָơ
١ָո̽һЩϢ̫ʧػ, ֪̫̫Ӧ˺һǨŭ, Ͻ̽Ϣ̫
̫꣬±㾪𣬡ʲô, ˵˽
˽൱ııĴﰡ, ֤ȷ䣬̫Ӽпܽǻʺ󣬶пܵǣ
, СЩ, ҲֻͷĲ²⣬ϾҲֻ˽, ֻҪܴظɾҲղ
̫΢һЩ, ١̾˿ֻǰǱ, ƺŶӣһֱʹأū»˶̫Ӳ㲻
̫ٻǶʱƵ, ıһΪ̫ҵȻ֮绮ޣڷֶλ֮ǻܼȫҫ
ȫֲֵľˣ˶˽ģҪҲԸԼʱ̫ӷҲã㲻ٱͷҲֻһ̫Ҳ֪һپ٣һ̫㾫صˣӦܽ°ƽĲŶԡ
١֣úõģôᱻ˷ֵ˽أ˵̫꣬Ȼ뵽ǰЩӸջ
֪ʱ̫ԿģкóһʱǺ꾫ˡ̫ܾã¿ºٲ˸ϵ
˵᲻Ǹ꾫ܣϾͨУ̫ͱҲסͨеĶĿ˵׼Щͨеһݹ͡
Ĳ²⵹ûеܣ¶Ȼġ
ߣǰǰ㻤꾫û뵽ĹΡ̫ԽԽԼĲ²һٱҲֻ˳ˣֻ꣬Ҳãͬ١١֣ҿɸô찡
١˼ģﲻظʷ˵ܹŮпܿĵ
ˣֶסֻȨƣֵһᣬ˵лÿɵߣҲֻĸˡ
ڶǰȥˣȴε̾Ϊﺦ㰡̫ӲˣҲҪǰ
̫ԼĸԶǲȲʤȯģһμĳüչĲɾһ⡣̫ѵֻʣ°ܾ𣿡̫ܾã̫ӵӦĸ̬ȡ
ȴʮֿ϶̬ȣһγ֣;Բ̫з̵ĻᡣΪ²漰УΪ㸸侮ʯҲڱȫ尡
̫һҰܵػ̫Ӹһδλ˵ĻΪ㸸ΪκȻת̬ȣĶֶ֧Ϊ㸸ֲʥ϶̫ӣԻʺһļɵһζ˳ز鵽̫ͱ֮ȻҲʥڱֵ֧ԭʥ϶Ը̫˳λǻλζܴ̫ӵġ
Ȱ̫㣬ıңĽ̫ȻҲᱻҪ뱣ֻ̫ӳǰԼժȥ
ҪνԼժȥأ̫ʹˣ˵Ļش̫ӷǴ
̫ķô򵥵ģοʱ̫Ӹû˼ϣ㲻ûЧԼȱ̫һƴҲ˵
Ψһİ취ֻдˡҪ̫̫ӿչ֤ĸ֣ʱȥ𷣡
Ҫô̫ӴӲ£̫ӵЩǲȫ֪̫ǻ̫鷿֮⡣ʱ̫ӷŭˤ
㣬ȥɣԸ׮޶һҲ
ɣ̫ӡ󣬽˵ܶγʵĹְ鷿˼䣬лй¡˽ܺͨûйϵұңǾҪ׼ñҵĴۡ
̫ĸ˵û˽һ¹ȻŮйϵ̫Ȼ׼ϵƸˡˣǲǴһء
ϣ˵Ļظ¿ȫƸҪãϾԭ¾׼Ըѽ
̫ԣһǲˣϸŮұңȻָʾһ˵ҶǴӣܲôľ֣Ҫˮģȴ˰
ҲĹڷң̫Ӽһֱ鷿ⰵ͵̫
̫ǵĽ̸һĴܡøϽٻһˣֶ֧ðֲĻѪ̫Σͷˮһ
뵽⣬̫ϽҴȥ첻֪Щ̫ӿҪ̫ġ
˶׼˸ʸ谮ܣŻһͶ£ҪǱ֪ܲĻѪǻ᲻¡
ԭܣΪóĩһֻùҪά״ĶܹԹһεĻӡֻȻѾ֪ԼʼˣùԹԵλӵĶҲʼ˶յҰġȻҪٽȥˡ
̫֪һ׮֮һסˡ
˭뵽ĶӲʥĩвʥϵӡ
Ǹ֧̫ӣǶӣֳ֧ĩУʵ˲˵ҹķ֮¡
ȻҲäĿţ֮µ࣬Ȼٲ˿ȥˣȷʵ̫ΪǰΣĴԡ
Щ˿̽£סģ˺ʱͬһ첻˵һͬʱΪ㲻ɺˡټ֮ǰЩʺ̫ӶԳĩͻ̬ȡ
һ׮׮һ¶һ׮õܡ
Ҳһʮʮٴ˿
̫ܸоϵС˺ܶ࣬ӲʥĴʵáַڻѪʥʲλ⡣
ĩǰײбĶǸλãֻһ
˼ȥҲֻ̫ʺǸλãһ뵽ЩӰŶЩ£Ƕ±ˡҲĸϽѡ̫ͶʾãϣԴ˵õ̫ӵ½⣬ͱ˵
̫ԼΪ粻¶˵ʱĩп˴ϢһжеЦ⡣
ܺã̫ӵ֣Ѿô󲿷˶Լõݣ֮ԼǸλãҲСϺܶࡣ
˵ײб»һǾǼŰɣ⣬⸣Խ˴ԽԼǻѪʵҪ
ҪǸλãһССеˣֺαǸ˼ȥλء


һ

Ӷû뵽, ̫ӾᱰɵóһУΪڳȹޱȵһҡҡ׹
Ȼʥͬӱ֤, ӣʱĶӲҲʼɣԼǲʥϵѪ
ٴ, һٰγ̫ȫµ, Ͻϻؾ, н̫ӻٶС
ֻҲûô׷ŹзδΪͨУȻⲻ˱ѺһͬѺǰǡ
ֻڶӴ˸ϵδŵĿվʱ, ĩҲڿջ֮, ڵˣȴ˿ɫ
¿ѳκйδ˶˽֤ˣû֤ݣ׽óжƷسҿʥǰȨı˽, ų켺ġ
ӶԳĩǶмɵ, ׶һ齫, ϶˽źáû֤ݣ˲֪ˡ˵, ӱ׼ǿ¡
ɱһȺǿӵ˽, ͨиسǱ۶Ӵ֧ͱȲӣӴӲģǰ, ˫£Ҫǿн˴ߣȴǲܵġ
ӱͼɵĩʥӵĴԣ״ǶԳĩл˲ò˼ǿҪͬ浳һҲɣ
ӵĻʧЦ˳⻰öһ˵ˣҪ˵ǲ浳Ҳšֻҵǵһ˵浳û֤ݾǿпġն뷨㿴˳ĸˣֻҪһҧԷ浳ܽʥʺҶ֤ݣĪǱʥϸϣץ˶Ҫ֤ˣ
ߣҲߵͣˣһҪߵġ
ڶӵĽУֻĩǰ󡣶Ϊĩ׼⣬㿴ĩ̧ͷÿ˵۹⿴ûӦһ֧ʹ˴š
֮һƬҵɱСЩ˽ӿջİռ˿ջÿһ䣬ӵֵס
飬ѪģĳᾪԳĩڷʩ֮뿪˴˴
˽ĵһ£ܿ켯ʼʢֻǾӵĿںȴǣӵ̫ӣ
вȾзӦǣ֮ƣֱָ
ԭ̫ӻָſŤתڳ֮ϵƣµȴôܹˡ
ӵʬһ͵˻ʳǣ̫Ӳɱ㣬ƹλҲһ̱ʵ
֪Լ᧿Σ̫֮һյ̣һԼеŹнεʥּû׼һʥϿס
ʥϷ̫Ӷ꣬ǰֳ˽飬־롣̫ΪһƵУȴվٱʹ㷢ԼѱذΧ
û뵽ȻĻƹı
ʥƽضһºͣڳֵ񣬶зʱ򡣶˿̣˵ѹʧɫߵ˲
ǻǱƳģҪʱʱ̴̿ȥ̫ӵλãߵһ
˵ָʾҵǳĩУ̫һֱΪʥָʹģΪľǳûóĩпλ
ΪʲôһֱףһǶӣΪҪƫģ
ΪҡֻʺͻΧ֮£ŸΪҵĴڣñһֱԼѹƣõȻᱻʺѹƣ⻰˵ȥſɾ͵Ȼ޴ˡ
ʺ߸ϣȻ㾳֮£ʥʱǸ߰°ͣв˿Ĺ˳
ϡС⣬ȻϲƿеŮˡʺߵʥϸǰЦˣҲ֣ϧҲֻǱƿɲ٣Ҳ
ڳƽ㺦ˡ
Ѿ棬ʲôɳϵģҲ鵽ʲôҲ»ӵһϧһǷֵ̫ˣƽ˼ʮꡣ£һֱǻʺеĸЩ궼⽫Ҳľ߳Ч俴ŸʵԴá
ǰɼıԻǲԶЩĩУʺǻ˴Ѫġ
ΪļӿסδȻͬǸһ㣬һȺ竷ĩȴͬȻ粻Ŷÿƣȴʤϼ
֪ҪάҫǾͱһϸļ̳ˣĩӲЩҪΪ̫£Ǳ㹻ˡ
û뵽˴˼ֶȻƽĶӣЩ֪Ҳ˷ŭŭһǣĩݲԾʱ򣬳ĩѾƿ̫ӵ֮УҪγ˽һǲܵġ
ԻʺĴںҲֱֽ˳ȥֻط͸̫е
ս棬ǱĩаһҲֻǰһѡ
ʺʱɱڣʥϵ۾ҲʤߵӡѾɱ輸գҶǻΪۣǧѾɲ
ʺʤ̫ӣ̫ӻǵ㸸֣ЩԥʺȴûС
ܿܣֻʥˣ̫ӼλˣֲܾŤת
϶޵ף۲ǣϴ޾ټɵ㣬ĻλҲǽϴУѵôȲ𣿡
϶ʺһЦĶӣɲѾֱʢǸҸĶӣ㶼ʱˣװͿ𡣡
˵أ
ʥϵĻʺѾţڻʺʥϴʱļƲ߶ѡ
ǲǣֻҪҶܵϻλͱɡˡʺ
ֻһһհ׵ʥּһơ
д괫λگưɣܹ棬Ҳǳ檶⡣
޻·ʥϵҲҲգλ̫ӣܱ֤ɽգҾȪ֮£Ҳڡ
вʣһֱ֧ʥϵʺ󣬹ǽȴһɱ
̫ı棬ƹλɱ
ܿ˽ڿΪ׵֮˺󣬻ʺ̫˽ǲšӦԶǧ֮ĳĩУ֪ʱصذѹصʢɱ֧ӣȴԭͳ˧Ĵ
ֻ֧ȥ󣬱㱻ʥϷ˴󲿷ֵıȨپһӹµܣʵ
ʣǵȨҲ˻ʺУⳡı棬ʺһ֧ӣռ
ĩϮ˾λϮȨɵʺҾɲʱȻǲš
ôгҾıȨģʺɽĿ⿴ѪеʥϣĿԹޱȣ㣬ĶԲԣ㵹۰ӰȻʲôɵͷ۰Ķɱ㰡
ҶӡʥϺ˵仰ỹһٳûȥʱĳĩУҲ۵ĲšǺᴩ˵ֻܡơشŴ
֧ԭ㽻ӵģӴʼն϶Ĵ
˭뵽ӻɱӵģǳĩС
һ֪ˣıʥǰһͷ


һ

ʺ̫㱻, ڴ֮ϣȴ䡣
ǹԮ߱, 䣬Ҳ˸վ˵
߱ˣʺҪ, Ǵʱ඼, ֻŲԹ鿴λĳĩС
̫߱ɱ, ʺҳ٣ʵݣ΢¼λ, µۡ
ӣӲް, Ķӡ
֪ȵӣȻƵˡ
ƾ޾ݵģ˭֤, ððȵۻӵ, ҲҪ϶Էɣ
ĶΪյ̫һ̫Ȼ߱, ȫԷ׵ĻӵǻλóĩλˣЩյ̫һֵ˺ã
ȻʱĩӶ, ԷǻѪΪ, ֹĩеǻλѵǿλɣҪǧġ
ĩų۲ݣʱȷ, ֤ݿ֤ʵӵݣұҲԻλûʲô̫Ȥ
ԡ˻Ϊµۣǿ
ĩдһԾΪĿǵǵλôҲŬ֤ʵԼӵݲŶԣ˭ְֱ˻λ
뵽˻Ӳĺ֮ͯӦЮء
ֻԭȻԳĩȵѪδܵǻЩȴҲ޻˵
Ϊ˻ӷǵȵѪĸȨӺգڳҲһλټ֮ĩر֣еʮӣû˿Էԡ
ʺ̫飬Ϊס˿ֻ࣬Թ벻ʵ
λѡѶĩдѺڵصĻʺ̫ӡͶưɡ
һºʿȥ֮й˶Ŷǰ˵Ĳӣǿιȥ
Ƕǻʺ׼ɱʥϵģԷĺܿ죬ʹᣬһĻʺ͸߸ϵ̫ӣʱûʲô̫ʹࡣ
ⳡƹλı֮ȷѪ꣬ܿµ۵ǻ𽥵ȥ
ȻϵλǲǳĩУرգЭӰѿس˭ףĵλ֮ϡ
ȻггΪȴ棬ĶǸϽֺãرǰ̫һΪ³ĩˣһ˹Ҫֺüܵǣеŵ
ʺ󣬲űü˭뵽ȨڳĩԭͷһȾͷϡ
µۣ꣬ȵȢܼܲڶǸ⡣
Ҫ׹ϵóĩУȫҫֺγȲµ۳ܹȢء
ֻϧĩޣһ߸ϵЩϾŮȥʵ̫ûЩɽŮȥ檣Ҳˡ
ֻóĩеޣˡ˶뵽õĽ취ûޣǵŮǾлˡ
ԭ̫ӵ£ȴ̫ӻʧŮо˺ܴãǳĩа̫ߵļϸΪֻȡ衣
Ҫʲô⣬ҹҲû
Ȳ˵˾;˵ճĩƣҪҶ֣ܹɹɱȻӲѲ飬ӾǼνȻҪݺݵıģʱĿûɣ˱¡
ŮɲԷľͺ޽١ҡӣгǵ飬бĿһ˿мϸ飬Ȼܲ鵽ʲô˿
ԭȻǿ߳Է޵ģϾݣôܼһӣġֻȴǲͬˣĩȻûҧԼǻӵݣĵλȴҪȵۻʻҪ߳һЩ
ܼΪޣǵλҪѰҪø߶ˡ
뵽⣬кȻһײǰʧԭŮܾ͸κ͹Ź֣˵׼ǿֵĵط
ȻɽĻۻڵģ̽һ£̽鵽ġ
ֻܲ鵽ܴӽǰΪץİѱĸͷ֤вλ
ȷʵڿ֤ݵһɲ̲סһ£ǡɵǾЩЦ
С»֪ɡңѾָˣյ֤ݵȷûʲôëֻǺ˺ܹؼһ㣬ϵĲݰΪ˵ңȻΪָʹˣǺү
˵үĻ˺ʧΪʲôȻ֪̫ӵˣЩҲΪܱ̫ӡ
ŵĿ֮£΢΢Цſ֪̫ΪΰܵȡҶ֮Ǳֻһ·ߣү̫ӡΪһҹ֮ѾҵΪͨл֪ܲԿϧֻ̫һѾˣĹﰡûлˡ
㣡
ʱ߾ؼҺúðЩɾõʱһصһصģ嶼ѱȫ
Ļ׻øϽؼҸ߸ףôųĩĹһҲźá
ʧ뿪ֻúЦŮٹ⣬ֻϧԭǽͷݵΪŭ˳ĩУΪ͸ĩоܽ˲ɣ
ⷬΪĩеŮ˿ɶǣ֮λҲλ˵֮λأ
ʵЩ֤ݣ׻ԳĩеǷοʼҡˣȨܹѸٵظıһˣȨǰųĩжԼĸ飬ɵ֮أ
֧Ѿ¶ǰͨеĵλҪܰģܹڳ֮˵ˡ
ǳĩ볹׹ȨĵλȻҪȢһĹ֮ŮģΪԼףĩôõģҷˣɼĹټŮС檡Ҫ꣬ƽޣֱ񵱳ʧһ⣬˸ޣȢһңҲ˵׼ġ
ҪǣҪǳĩô
ںԺҡϣһ磬Ҫִ㣬ôţһֱɽ֮ʱ
˵Ѿһˣʲôô񣿡
ʵԶԶĩеĽŲֻЩѡ
վԼͬԼ˵⻰ſڣҲ֪Ϊһ綼ٶڣЩ̫ϵĲյһڣ촽
źܵȣֱߵĲˮһֱǱȵġ
ȷ˲յ̧ͷĩСôôˣ
µ۵ǻٷϴˣǰЩӳĩæʱղؼңռͷɽˣⷢʵ
ĩ£ָԼ˱裬˵µ۵ǻǰһȥģҰӣű˴ɽĵȴǲУҲ֪ôµġ


һ

ĩ⻰ҪǱ, ȻҪֳ˵ģʱȴͬлҳ˿⻰ᱻȥ
ʵҶԸȥ, ̫ãΪµʱҲһȣҪҲ̣ϺõĲҶ
Ǿܿĩü, Ҳͦ˼ģЩٻؼ, Щÿһϸ΢ı, ʼЩİ
ҡϣֻ΢΢˸ͷЦһ, ԰, ﲻѽɽԼҵأҪôˣںȵǱȻϺõĲҶźҲȻõĹˡ
ǰҪʺ𣿡
Ҫ͸𣿡
ԵһЦĶԻ, Ҳ̽ζ档Ҫ, ǳĩеһ̬ȣһ𸴡
ΪĩлҪһ, ȴܿ˴𸴡ֻҪ룬㡣
, ӳǰ, һͬᵽɣæҲںüտ㡣
ԷǵǳӵϼҴסʹ, ĩпͷһݡֻҪ룬Ҳûס
Ҳ˸ҷԣҷԵҲѸɱɱŵˡ
һ̬ȣʱ˲١Ҳ̽ˣֱӱСҹңһν֤ҪЮó֮λ
ĩвûЩν֤ݣǸĴ𸴡
ϸŵ㣬Ҫ˵ģŵǽһʧɫ뿪ʱҶˤżϡ
´˱ǣҲ´ˡ
ԣµĩвţҲû뵽ô֡
ǲ£Ǳ˼أֻǿˣĹǿأ
ΣڣĹңѵ͵Ȣ˲ɣĩ֪ƢȻС˵
ȴɲ⡣ţȫȢǲڣһ檣Ҳͦ顣
СװӣĩҡǰĽŵϣʮʮ档ҲҪⰢһˣֵܵðλޣǧλˣֺαطѹɼأ
˵˵ĳŵסԸһʱİʱ˵ԼǷҪλõġ
ѰвĶ˳ĩСʵͲµˣֻһֱװ֪ѣ鶼ˣؾͼװǸ֪㣬ʧ飬ǲɵġ
ҡȻ֪Щģ˴װͿֱӵ̻¶ǲһġĩѵõͣΪȺΪԼ˶ԲԼ˵顣
ЩſؿųĩΪԭ򣬴Ͼòйα飬Դҡվһ˿Ӹµĸоվǰ
ˣ֪ˣðջĻͬش㣬ûҪΪѾȥľ£֮ӣҲЮ㣬Ҫܶܶ飬ֱҲΪֹ
ɵϲֻ֪£˱㶮ø飬ȥԼĿģҲһ˴˵ĸòٴ⣬Ҳջ۵ģ𽥱뿴ᡣ
룬浽ǸʱҲܹܵģҲ⹻ģôҲ̫
ֻû뵽һݸģȻһӶûꡣ
δʮĩʼսȨУµ䳤󣬵Եѹ֮±µµΪֻһֵĻӹûҳʿȰɣҲûҪ⵹ĩһĵλֻǴûɹѡ
˴ĳĩкʱŻλƵۣƬɽֻǳĩȻյȨƺԵ֮ûʲô̫Ȥ֮Ѿĵ𣬿ȴû˿Ƶ۵ͷ
⣬Ҳ˽ʹôķذ˹ܽɽǺܿĵһ
ĩȴǱǸճµĺӣŪͣǰ˼ҹܽɽڰҶӹءҲ뵱ʵۣҶ뵱ءԲ԰С˶
´ܶʲôֻ֪ˮĴ۾űԼˣȻ
ƽкáԼ뵱öӵһҪǶҲԸ⣬ǻð˼һӵĽɽҪҰΪĵһܱҳӣʬ˵׼ܷһء
ĸ׵Ķ࣬ɲԼԴ㲻뷨ĳĩУǸúúñѵ
ΪԼĶӻδᱻҳٴڶӳͿʼҪҪ͵ʵ۵ͷ
ĩв֪ΪĽºܳһʱ䣬ԼڶǶǱĲС
ΪδµۣڵС˶֮λѵͶ˵ΪԼϵŬܶһӣûܵϻʵۡ
óĩвҪ֪ȻôģǵȰӴϴɡûϵ춨ĺΣ
ʷ϶һʷļҲ˵硡
ʷҸӵ󿰱ȲܼҸӣĩǲܲ٣µ۳ǲا
ҰʷڳĩмпͳѪĴҲڣƵۣȻǲԼĻѪͳԹȵ۶ĲŲʣյĳգսһλʳı
ҰʷվҰʷ˱дɵӾС˵ִڣһĿɲοԡ
ʷҰʷĩһһһ˫˵ļѻúõؼ
ֻǼòʷϲ࣬һǿòɣͬʱĩβһ䣬ĳЫ
һܻĵӾ磬λ󡷣ݵñǹϵһȨһʱĩڼһڵˣΪţԴӲ檡һʱ嶯˯ĳλŮλҲܻżڶյ̫
ҪǱ֪ԼȻĲƻһ֮ĩϼС檾ţȻããεεСţͶĿġϾҲʲôЫ԰ɡ
ֻǺ飬޷ֻ֪֪ˣһûɹ檣Ҳʼһա
ʱڹرϣ߹ŮӣԶǱĻʦŻʣ
˵λʦд⣬Ůֻζò
ȻŮʵһ̫дʵ˭ǻʦأҾ㣬ȴҲ
Ǻٴγ˶òĺܴᣬԭ˵ӵģ˵òɵĺϣִҲ𡭡
Ҳµĳһλó˵洫ĺϵдʵʱѧɶԱľ޴硣
ȻⶼǺˡ
  

صС˵www.27txt.com ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ